doc_id sent_index relation_id relation trigger trigger_offset arg_num arg_head arg_protein arg_domain arg_site arg_sugar arg_head_offset arg_base_np arg_base_np_offset arg_np arg_np_offset sent_text PSource NProtein NID SiteSource SiteName 29432186 8 0 from sequences 1195:1203 arg1 binding 1100:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 8 0 from sequences 1195:1203 arg1 result 1113:1118 a result 1111:1118 a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1111:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 8 1 theme B-cell 944:949 arg1 repertoires 951:961 B-cell repertoires 944:961 B-cell repertoires 944:961 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 9 2 dep polyclonal 1274:1283 arg1 auto 1286:1289 auto 1286:1289 auto 1286:1289 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 10 3 theme variable 1544:1551 arg1 glycosylation 1560:1572 variable domain glycosylation 1544:1572 variable domain glycosylation 1544:1572 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 3 4 theme somatic 470:476 arg1 hypermutation 478:490 somatic hypermutation 470:490 somatic hypermutation 470:490 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 1 5 theme genes 227:231 arg1 set 205:207 a limited set 195:207 a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 195:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 5 theme genes 227:231 arg1 genes 227:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 6 theme glycosylation 1159:1171 arg1 sites 1173:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 10 7 theme antigen 1640:1646 arg1 binding 1648:1654 antigen binding 1640:1654 antigen binding 1640:1654 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 9 8 theme skewed 1418:1423 arg1 responses 1407:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 1 9 theme antibodies 179:188 arg1 antibodies 179:188 antibodies 179:188 antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 179:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 9 theme antibodies 179:188 arg1 repertoire 165:174 a diverse repertoire 155:174 a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 155:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 10 theme germline 1186:1193 arg1 sequences 1195:1203 the germline sequences 1182:1203 the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1182:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 0 11 link N-linked 42:49 arg1 glycosylation 51:63 N-linked glycosylation 42:63 N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region 42:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 10 12 theme antibody 1600:1607 arg1 diversification 1609:1623 antibody diversification 1600:1623 antibody diversification 1600:1623 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 8 13 theme domain 1217:1222 arg1 genes 1224:1228 variable domain genes 1208:1228 variable domain genes 1208:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 4 14 theme follicular 617:626 arg1 lymphomas 628:636 certain follicular lymphomas 609:636 certain follicular lymphomas 609:636 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 5 15 theme humoral 681:687 arg1 response 696:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 However, the role of these glycans in the humoral immune response remains poorly understood. 29432186 9 16 theme multiple 1244:1251 arg1 responses 1300:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 1 17 theme germline 212:219 arg1 D 223:223 D 223:223 D 223:223 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 17 theme germline 212:219 arg1 V 221:221 germline V 212:221 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 18 gly N-glycosylation 1014:1028 arg2 sites 1030:1034 N-glycosylation sites 1014:1034 N-glycosylation sites 1014:1034 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 9 19 theme monoclonal 1259:1268 arg1 responses 1300:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 9 20 theme polyclonal 1274:1283 arg1 responses 1300:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 0 21 theme immunoglobulin 72:85 arg1 region 96:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 0 22 theme region 96:101 arg1 glycosylation 51:63 N-linked glycosylation 42:63 N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region 42:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 9 23 theme antibody 1291:1298 arg1 responses 1300:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 1 24 theme repertoire 165:174 arg1 hallmark 106:113 A hallmark 104:113 A hallmark of B-cell immunity 104:132 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 24 theme repertoire 165:174 arg1 generation 141:150 the generation 137:150 the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 137:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 25 from result 1113:1118 arg1 sequences 1195:1203 the germline sequences 1182:1203 the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1182:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 4 26 from autoantibodies 558:571 arg1 arthritis 587:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 3 27 theme N-linked 348:355 arg1 glycans 357:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 27 theme N-linked 348:355 arg1 process 368:374 a process 366:374 a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 366:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 0 28 theme Adaptive 0:7 arg1 antibody 9:16 Adaptive antibody 0:16 Adaptive antibody 0:16 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 7 29 theme antigen-specific 894:909 arg1 responses 920:928 antigen-specific antibody responses 894:928 antigen-specific antibody responses 894:928 Our aim was to elucidate the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses. 29432186 4 30 theme domain 517:522 arg1 glycans 524:530 variable domain glycans 508:530 variable domain glycans 508:530 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 3 31 gly N-glycosylation 440:454 arg2 motifs 432:437 consensus amino acid motifs 411:437 consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 411:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 31 gly N-glycosylation 440:454 arg2 sites 456:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 32 theme acid 427:430 arg1 sites 456:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 32 theme acid 427:430 arg1 motifs 432:437 consensus amino acid motifs 411:437 consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 411:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 1 33 theme B-cell 118:123 arg1 immunity 125:132 B-cell immunity 118:132 B-cell immunity 118:132 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 3 34 theme consensus 411:419 arg1 sites 456:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 34 theme consensus 411:419 arg1 motifs 432:437 consensus amino acid motifs 411:437 consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 411:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 0 35 theme N-linked 42:49 arg1 glycosylation 51:63 N-linked glycosylation 42:63 N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region 42:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 8 36 theme antigen 1092:1098 arg1 binding 1100:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 8 36 theme antigen 1092:1098 arg1 result 1113:1118 a result 1111:1118 a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1111:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 4 37 theme High 493:496 arg1 levels 498:503 High levels 493:503 High levels of variable domain glycans 493:530 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 10 38 theme physiological 1521:1533 arg1 role 1535:1538 a physiological role 1519:1538 a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding 1519:1654 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 2 39 theme composition 292:302 arg1 terms 272:276 terms 272:276 terms of amino acid composition 272:302 This repertoire is usually defined in terms of amino acid composition. 29432186 9 40 theme antigen-specific 1381:1396 arg1 responses 1407:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 6 41 theme antibody 807:814 arg1 affinity 816:823 antibody affinity 807:823 antibody affinity 807:823 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 0 42 gly glycosylation 51:63 arg1 region 96:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 4 43 theme rheumatoid 576:585 arg1 arthritis 587:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 8 44 gly glycosylation 1159:1171 arg2 sites 1173:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 7 45 theme domain 872:877 arg1 glycans 879:885 variable domain glycans 863:885 variable domain glycans 863:885 Our aim was to elucidate the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses. 29432186 10 46 theme domain 1553:1558 arg1 glycosylation 1560:1572 variable domain glycosylation 1544:1572 variable domain glycosylation 1544:1572 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 1 47 theme J 225:225 arg1 genes 227:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 48 theme clustering 1134:1143 arg1 binding 1100:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 antigen binding 1092:1106 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 8 48 theme clustering 1134:1143 arg1 result 1113:1118 a result 1111:1118 a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1111:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 8 49 theme next-generation 966:980 arg1 sequencing 982:991 next-generation sequencing 966:991 next-generation sequencing 966:991 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 6 50 theme negative 787:794 arg1 effects 796:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 8 51 theme progenitor 1148:1157 arg1 sites 1173:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 progenitor glycosylation sites 1148:1177 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 10 52 theme additional 1580:1589 arg1 layer 1591:1595 an additional layer 1577:1595 an additional layer of antibody diversification 1577:1623 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 6 53 theme positive 774:781 arg1 effects 796:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 8 54 theme sites 1173:1177 arg1 clustering 1134:1143 a specific clustering 1123:1143 a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1123:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 6 55 theme reported 760:767 arg1 effects 796:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 2 56 theme amino 281:285 arg1 composition 292:302 amino acid composition 281:302 amino acid composition 281:302 This repertoire is usually defined in terms of amino acid composition. 29432186 4 57 from lymphomas 628:636 arg1 arthritis 587:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 rheumatoid arthritis 576:595 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 8 58 theme N-glycosylation 1014:1028 arg1 sites 1030:1034 N-glycosylation sites 1014:1034 N-glycosylation sites 1014:1034 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 10 59 theme diversification 1609:1623 arg1 layer 1591:1595 an additional layer 1577:1595 an additional layer of antibody diversification 1577:1623 Together, these results highlight a physiological role for variable domain glycosylation as an additional layer of antibody diversification that modulates antigen binding. 29432186 5 60 theme glycans 666:672 arg1 role 652:655 the role 648:655 the role of these glycans in the humoral immune response 648:703 However, the role of these glycans in the humoral immune response remains poorly understood. 29432186 9 61 theme antigen 1468:1474 arg1 binding 1476:1482 antigen binding 1468:1482 antigen binding 1468:1482 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 8 62 theme variable 1208:1215 arg1 genes 1224:1228 variable domain genes 1208:1228 variable domain genes 1208:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 4 63 theme certain 609:615 arg1 lymphomas 628:636 certain follicular lymphomas 609:636 certain follicular lymphomas 609:636 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 9 64 theme human 1253:1257 arg1 responses 1300:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses 1244:1308 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 1 65 theme immunity 125:132 arg1 hallmark 106:113 A hallmark 104:113 A hallmark of B-cell immunity 104:132 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 65 theme immunity 125:132 arg1 generation 141:150 the generation 137:150 the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 137:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 8 66 theme genes 1224:1228 arg1 sequences 1195:1203 the germline sequences 1182:1203 the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1182:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 1 67 from set 205:207 arg1 antibodies 179:188 antibodies 179:188 antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 179:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 67 from set 205:207 arg1 repertoire 165:174 a diverse repertoire 155:174 a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 155:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 0 68 theme variable 87:94 arg1 region 96:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 the immunoglobulin variable region 68:101 Adaptive antibody diversification through N-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin variable region. 29432186 3 69 link N-linked 348:355 arg1 glycans 357:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 69 link N-linked 348:355 arg1 process 368:374 a process 366:374 a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 366:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 1 70 theme limited 197:203 arg1 set 205:207 a limited set 195:207 a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 195:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 70 theme limited 197:203 arg1 genes 227:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 71 theme V 221:221 arg1 genes 227:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 72 theme diverse 157:163 arg1 antibodies 179:188 antibodies 179:188 antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 179:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 72 theme diverse 157:163 arg1 repertoire 165:174 a diverse repertoire 155:174 a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 155:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 5 73 theme immune 689:694 arg1 response 696:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 However, the role of these glycans in the humoral immune response remains poorly understood. 29432186 1 74 from repertoire 165:174 arg1 set 205:207 a limited set 195:207 a limited set of germline V(D)J genes 195:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 1 74 from repertoire 165:174 arg1 genes 227:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 germline V(D)J genes 212:231 A hallmark of B-cell immunity is the generation of a diverse repertoire of antibodies from a limited set of germline V(D)J genes. 29432186 6 75 contain have 755:758 arg2 effects 796:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 reported both positive and negative effects 760:802 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 6 75 contain have 755:758 arg1 studies 747:753 studies 747:753 studies 747:753 Interestingly, studies have reported both positive and negative effects on antibody affinity. 29432186 2 76 theme acid 287:290 arg1 composition 292:302 amino acid composition 281:302 amino acid composition 281:302 This repertoire is usually defined in terms of amino acid composition. 29432186 3 77 theme variable 314:321 arg1 domains 323:329 variable domains 314:329 variable domains 314:329 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 4 78 theme glycans 524:530 arg1 levels 498:503 High levels 493:503 High levels of variable domain glycans 493:530 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 7 79 theme antibody 911:918 arg1 responses 920:928 antigen-specific antibody responses 894:928 antigen-specific antibody responses 894:928 Our aim was to elucidate the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses. 29432186 3 80 theme motifs 432:437 arg1 introduction 395:406 the introduction 391:406 the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 391:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 8 81 from clustering 1134:1143 arg1 sequences 1195:1203 the germline sequences 1182:1203 the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1182:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 3 82 theme conditional 376:386 arg1 glycans 357:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 N-linked glycans 348:363 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 82 theme conditional 376:386 arg1 process 368:374 a process 366:374 a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 366:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 83 theme amino 421:425 arg1 sites 456:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 83 theme amino 421:425 arg1 motifs 432:437 consensus amino acid motifs 411:437 consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 411:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 4 84 theme variable 508:515 arg1 glycans 524:530 variable domain glycans 508:530 variable domain glycans 508:530 High levels of variable domain glycans have been associated with autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis, as well as certain follicular lymphomas. 29432186 7 85 theme glycans 879:885 arg1 role 855:858 the role 851:858 the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses 851:928 Our aim was to elucidate the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses. 29432186 3 86 theme N-glycosylation 440:454 arg1 sites 456:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 N-glycosylation sites 440:460 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 3 86 theme N-glycosylation 440:454 arg1 motifs 432:437 consensus amino acid motifs 411:437 consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) 411:461 However, variable domains may also acquire N-linked glycans, a process conditional on the introduction of consensus amino acid motifs (N-glycosylation sites) during somatic hypermutation. 29432186 7 87 theme variable 863:870 arg1 glycans 879:885 variable domain glycans 863:885 variable domain glycans 863:885 Our aim was to elucidate the role of variable domain glycans during antigen-specific antibody responses. 29432186 9 88 theme antibody 1398:1405 arg1 responses 1407:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 antigen-specific antibody responses 1381:1415 By analyzing multiple human monoclonal and polyclonal (auto)antibody responses, we subsequently show that this process is subject to selection during antigen-specific antibody responses, skewed toward IgG4, and positively contributes to antigen binding. 29432186 8 89 theme specific 1125:1132 arg1 clustering 1134:1143 a specific clustering 1123:1143 a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes 1123:1228 By analyzing B-cell repertoires by next-generation sequencing, we demonstrate that N-glycosylation sites are introduced at positions in which glycans can affect antigen binding as a result of a specific clustering of progenitor glycosylation sites in the germline sequences of variable domain genes. 29432186 5 90 from role 652:655 arg1 response 696:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 the humoral immune response 677:703 However, the role of these glycans in the humoral immune response remains poorly understood. 30261640 2 0 theme porous 352:357 arg1 nanostructure 359:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure 334:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite 334:398 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 4 1 from effect 707:712 arg1 response 742:749 the current response 730:749 the current response 730:749 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 1 2 theme aniline 256:262 arg1 polymerization 238:251 in situ chemical polymerization 221:251 in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 221:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 7 3 theme 34.6 1342:1345 arg1 values 1316:1321 2 theta values 1308:1321 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC 1308:1358 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 5 4 theme pure 912:915 arg1 PAni 917:920 pure PAni 912:920 pure PAni 912:920 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 5 theme PAni 917:920 arg1 peaks 903:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks 872:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC 872:928 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 6 theme PAni/MCC/CTAB 987:999 arg1 nanocomposite 1001:1013 PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite 987:1013 PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 987:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 4 7 theme current 734:740 arg1 response 742:749 the current response 730:749 the current response 730:749 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 4 8 theme controlled 773:782 arg1 process 784:790 a diffusion controlled process 761:790 a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications 761:869 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 3 9 theme polyaniline 562:572 arg1 nanocomposite 581:593 the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 558:593 the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 558:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 4 10 theme diffusion 763:771 arg1 process 784:790 a diffusion controlled process 761:790 a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications 761:869 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 6 11 theme composite 1211:1219 arg1 stability 1198:1206 the thermal stability 1186:1206 the thermal stability of composite 1186:1219 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization decreased the thermal stability of composite compared to pure PAni. 30261640 3 12 theme concentrations 488:501 arg1 effect 461:466 The effect 457:466 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 457:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 4 13 theme rate 722:725 arg1 effect 707:712 the effect 703:712 the effect of scan rate on the current response 703:749 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 7 14 theme theta 1310:1314 arg1 values 1316:1321 2 theta values 1308:1321 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC 1308:1358 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 5 15 theme IR 973:974 arg1 spectra 976:982 the IR spectra 969:982 the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 969:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 16 theme overlapping 876:886 arg1 peaks 903:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks 872:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC 872:928 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 4 17 theme high 677:680 arg1 response 690:697 a high current response 675:697 a high current response 675:697 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 3 18 theme morphological 530:542 arg1 properties 544:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties 506:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 506:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 2 19 theme composite 390:398 arg1 nanostructure 359:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure 334:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite 334:398 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 0 20 theme Surfactant 2:11 arg1 Composite 61:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite 0:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 0:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 3 21 theme electrochemical 510:524 arg1 properties 544:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties 506:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 506:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 5 22 theme nanocomposite 1001:1013 arg1 spectra 976:982 the IR spectra 969:982 the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 969:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 6 23 theme chemical 1152:1159 arg1 polymerization 1161:1174 chemical polymerization 1152:1174 chemical polymerization 1152:1174 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization decreased the thermal stability of composite compared to pure PAni. 30261640 5 24 theme electrostatic 1088:1100 arg1 interactions 1102:1113 electrostatic interactions 1088:1113 electrostatic interactions 1088:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 2 25 theme resulting 380:388 arg1 composite 390:398 the resulting composite 376:398 the resulting composite 376:398 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 2 26 theme CTAB 436:439 arg1 concentrations 441:454 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 424:454 concentrations 441:454 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 7 27 theme MCC 1401:1403 arg1 surface 1405:1411 the MCC surface 1397:1411 the MCC surface 1397:1411 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 4 28 theme sensor 851:856 arg1 applications 858:869 sensor applications 851:869 sensor applications 851:869 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 3 29 theme PAni 575:578 arg1 nanocomposite 581:593 the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 558:593 the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 558:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 4 30 theme current 682:688 arg1 response 690:697 a high current response 675:697 a high current response 675:697 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 0 31 theme Microcrystalline 22:37 arg1 Composite 61:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite 0:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 0:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 1 32 theme microcrystalline 282:297 arg1 cellulose 299:307 microcrystalline cellulose 282:307 microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 282:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 32 theme microcrystalline 282:297 arg1 MCC 310:312 MCC 310:312 MCC 310:312 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 4 33 dep rate 722:725 arg1 scan 717:720 scan 717:720 scan 717:720 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 1 34 theme soft 203:206 arg1 template 208:215 a soft template 201:215 a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 201:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 34 theme soft 203:206 arg1 surfactant 138:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 2 35 theme MCC 428:430 arg1 concentrations 441:454 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 424:454 concentrations 441:454 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 1 36 theme cellulose 299:307 arg1 surface 271:277 the surface 267:277 the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 267:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 5 37 theme OH 1068:1069 arg1 group 1071:1075 OH group 1068:1075 OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 1068:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 37 theme OH 1068:1069 arg1 MCC 1080:1082 MCC 1080:1082 MCC via electrostatic interactions 1080:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 1 38 theme cationic 129:136 arg1 template 208:215 a soft template 201:215 a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 201:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 38 theme cationic 129:136 arg1 surfactant 138:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 38 theme cationic 129:136 arg1 bromide 173:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 150:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) 150:186 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 4 39 theme modified 632:639 arg1 electrode 655:663 modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 632:663 modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 632:663 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 5 40 theme MCC 926:928 arg1 peaks 903:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks 872:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC 872:928 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 41 theme group 1071:1075 arg1 NH 1053:1054 NH 1053:1054 NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 1053:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 42 theme characteristic 888:901 arg1 peaks 903:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks 872:907 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC 872:928 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 0 43 theme Cellulose/Polyaniline 39:59 arg1 Composite 61:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite 0:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 0:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 4 44 theme electrode 814:822 arg1 surface 799:805 the surface 795:805 the surface of the electrode 795:822 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 1 45 theme in 221:222 arg1 polymerization 238:251 in situ chemical polymerization 221:251 in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 221:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 0 46 theme Enhanced 76:83 arg1 Properties 101:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 1 47 from polymerization 238:251 arg1 surface 271:277 the surface 267:277 the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 267:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 5 48 theme MCC 1080:1082 arg1 PAni 1059:1062 PAni 1059:1062 PAni 1059:1062 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 48 theme MCC 1080:1082 arg1 group 1071:1075 OH group 1068:1075 OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 1068:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 5 48 theme MCC 1080:1082 arg1 MCC 1080:1082 MCC 1080:1082 MCC via electrostatic interactions 1080:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 6 49 theme pure 1233:1236 arg1 PAni 1238:1241 pure PAni 1233:1241 pure PAni 1233:1241 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization decreased the thermal stability of composite compared to pure PAni. 30261640 2 50 theme wire-like 338:346 arg1 nanostructure 359:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure 334:371 the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite 334:398 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 7 51 located observed 1268:1275 arg2 crystallinity 1250:1262 Lower crystallinity 1244:1262 Lower crystallinity 1244:1262 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 7 51 located observed 1268:1275 arg1 diffractogram 1288:1300 the XRD diffractogram 1280:1300 the XRD diffractogram 1280:1300 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 3 52 theme nanocomposite 581:593 arg1 properties 544:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties 506:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 506:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 3 53 from effect 461:466 arg1 properties 544:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties 506:553 the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite 506:593 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 3 54 theme CTAB 483:486 arg1 concentrations 488:501 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 471:501 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 471:501 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 7 55 theme Lower 1244:1248 arg1 crystallinity 1250:1262 Lower crystallinity 1244:1262 Lower crystallinity 1244:1262 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 4 56 from process 784:790 arg1 surface 799:805 the surface 795:805 the surface of the electrode 795:822 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 1 57 theme cetyltrimethylammonium 150:171 arg1 CTAB 182:185 CTAB 182:185 CTAB 182:185 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 57 theme cetyltrimethylammonium 150:171 arg1 surfactant 138:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 57 theme cetyltrimethylammonium 150:171 arg1 bromide 173:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 150:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) 150:186 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 4 58 theme Cyclic 608:613 arg1 voltammograms 615:627 Cyclic voltammograms 608:627 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 608:663 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 7 59 theme XRD 1284:1286 arg1 diffractogram 1288:1300 the XRD diffractogram 1280:1300 the XRD diffractogram 1280:1300 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 5 60 theme PAni 1059:1062 arg1 NH 1053:1054 NH 1053:1054 NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions 1053:1113 The overlapping characteristic peaks of pure PAni and MCC caused peak broadening at 3263 cm-1 in the IR spectra of PAni/MCC/CTAB nanocomposite that revealed the interaction between NH of PAni and OH group of MCC via electrostatic interactions. 30261640 1 61 dep in 221:222 arg1 situ 224:227 situ 224:227 situ 224:227 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 7 62 theme PAni 1389:1392 arg1 formation 1376:1384 the formation 1372:1384 the formation of PAni 1372:1392 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30261640 3 63 theme MCC 475:477 arg1 concentrations 488:501 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 471:501 the MCC and CTAB concentrations 471:501 The effect of the MCC and CTAB concentrations on the electrochemical and morphological properties of the polyaniline (PAni) nanocomposite was studied. 30261640 6 64 theme MCC 1132:1134 arg1 addition 1120:1127 The addition 1116:1127 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization 1116:1174 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization decreased the thermal stability of composite compared to pure PAni. 30261640 1 65 theme chemical 229:236 arg1 polymerization 238:251 in situ chemical polymerization 221:251 in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 221:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 4 66 theme electrode 655:663 arg1 voltammograms 615:627 Cyclic voltammograms 608:627 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 608:663 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 1 67 used used 193:196 arg2 surfactant 138:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 a cationic surfactant 127:147 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 67 used used 193:196 arg2 template 208:215 a soft template 201:215 a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 201:313 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 1 67 used used 193:196 arg2 bromide 173:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 150:179 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) 150:186 In this study a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used as a soft template for in situ chemical polymerization of aniline on the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). 30261640 4 68 theme PAni/MCC/CTAB 641:653 arg1 electrode 655:663 modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 632:663 modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode 632:663 Cyclic voltammograms of modified PAni/MCC/CTAB electrode displayed a high current response and the effect of scan rate on the current response confirmed a diffusion controlled process on the surface of the electrode that makes it suitable for sensor applications. 30261640 0 69 theme Electrochemical 85:99 arg1 Properties 101:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 6 70 theme thermal 1190:1196 arg1 stability 1198:1206 the thermal stability 1186:1206 the thermal stability of composite 1186:1219 The addition of MCC to PAni through chemical polymerization decreased the thermal stability of composite compared to pure PAni. 30261640 0 71 theme Directed 13:20 arg1 Composite 61:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite 0:69 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 0:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 0 72 with Composite 61:69 arg1 Properties 101:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 Enhanced Electrochemical Properties 76:110 A Surfactant Directed Microcrystalline Cellulose/Polyaniline Composite with Enhanced Electrochemical Properties. 30261640 2 73 theme nanostructure 359:371 arg1 dependent 411:419 dependent 411:419 dependent 411:419 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 2 73 theme nanostructure 359:371 arg1 morphology 320:329 The morphology 316:329 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite 316:398 The morphology of the wire-like and porous nanostructure of the resulting composite was highly dependent on the MCC and CTAB concentrations. 30261640 7 74 theme 16.5 1332:1335 arg1 values 1316:1321 2 theta values 1308:1321 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC 1308:1358 Lower crystallinity was observed in the XRD diffractogram, with 2 theta values of 22.8, 16.5, and 34.6 for PAni/MCC, confirming the formation of PAni on the MCC surface. 30584934 1 0 theme styrene 183:189 arg1 polymerization 165:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization 146:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene 146:189 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 5 1 theme composite 929:937 arg1 particles 939:947 the composite particles 925:947 the composite particles 925:947 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 4 2 from dispersion 651:660 arg1 aq. 702:704 ammonia aq. 694:704 ammonia aq. 694:704 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 6 3 theme Particle 950:957 arg1 sizes 959:963 Particle sizes 950:963 Particle sizes 950:963 Particle sizes became smaller as the amounts of CNFs increased. 30584934 3 4 theme perchloric 605:614 arg1 acid 616:619 perchloric acid 605:619 perchloric acid 605:619 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 0 5 theme emulsion 97:104 arg1 polymerization 106:119 emulsion polymerization 97:119 emulsion polymerization 97:119 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 3 6 theme acid 616:619 arg1 presence 593:600 the presence 589:600 the presence of perchloric acid 589:619 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 5 7 theme potassium 877:885 arg1 persulfate 887:896 potassium persulfate 877:896 potassium persulfate 877:896 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 1 8 theme self-assembled 197:210 arg1 nanofibers 219:228 self-assembled chitin nanofibers 197:228 self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) 197:235 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 8 theme self-assembled 197:210 arg1 CNFs 231:234 CNFs 231:234 CNFs 231:234 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 8 theme self-assembled 197:210 arg1 stabilizers 240:250 stabilizers 240:250 stabilizers 240:250 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 5 9 theme Radical 816:822 arg1 initiator 904:912 an initiator 901:912 an initiator to produce the composite particles 901:947 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 5 9 theme Radical 816:822 arg1 polymerization 824:837 Radical polymerization 816:837 Radical polymerization 816:837 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 3 10 from maleylated 541:550 arg1 presence 593:600 the presence 589:600 the presence of perchloric acid 589:619 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 1 11 theme chitin 212:217 arg1 nanofibers 219:228 self-assembled chitin nanofibers 197:228 self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) 197:235 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 11 theme chitin 212:217 arg1 CNFs 231:234 CNFs 231:234 CNFs 231:234 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 11 theme chitin 212:217 arg1 stabilizers 240:250 stabilizers 240:250 stabilizers 240:250 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 6 12 theme CNFs 998:1001 arg1 amounts 987:993 the amounts 983:993 the amounts of CNFs 983:1001 Particle sizes became smaller as the amounts of CNFs increased. 30584934 6 12 theme CNFs 998:1001 arg1 CNFs 998:1001 CNFs 998:1001 CNFs 998:1001 Particle sizes became smaller as the amounts of CNFs increased. 30584934 3 13 with reaction 555:562 arg1 anhydride 576:584 maleic anhydride 569:584 maleic anhydride 569:584 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 4 14 theme styrene 767:773 arg1 droplets 775:782 styrene droplets 767:782 styrene droplets 767:782 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 2 15 theme ion 438:440 arg1 gel 442:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 0 16 theme composite 15:23 arg1 particles 36:44 composite and hollow particles 15:44 particles 36:44 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 4 17 theme CNFs 686:689 arg1 dispersion 651:660 a dispersion 649:660 a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq. 649:704 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 0 18 theme particles 36:44 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin 0:71 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 1 19 theme hollow 328:333 arg1 particles 335:343 hollow particles 328:343 hollow particles 328:343 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 2 20 theme self-assembled 472:485 arg1 CNFs 487:490 methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs 452:490 methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs 452:490 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 0 21 theme hollow 29:34 arg1 particles 36:44 composite and hollow particles 15:44 particles 36:44 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 2 22 dep fabricated 461:470 arg1 methanol 452:459 methanol 452:459 methanol 452:459 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 2 23 from gel 442:444 arg1 regeneration 375:386 regeneration 375:386 regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 375:444 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 2 24 theme fabricated 461:470 arg1 CNFs 487:490 methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs 452:490 methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs 452:490 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 0 25 theme self-assembled 51:64 arg1 chitin 66:71 self-assembled chitin 51:71 self-assembled chitin 51:71 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 3 26 theme maleic 569:574 arg1 anhydride 576:584 maleic anhydride 569:584 maleic anhydride 569:584 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 0 27 from chitin 66:71 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin 0:71 Preparation of composite and hollow particles from self-assembled chitin nanofibers by Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30584934 7 28 theme polystyrene 1073:1083 arg1 cores 1085:1089 the polystyrene cores 1069:1089 the polystyrene cores 1069:1089 The hollow particles were prepared by solubilizing out the polystyrene cores with toluene. 30584934 5 29 dep persulfate 887:896 arg1 the 861:863 the 861:863 the 861:863 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 5 29 dep persulfate 887:896 arg1 presence 865:872 presence 865:872 presence 865:872 Radical polymerization was then conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 30584934 1 30 theme Pickering 146:154 arg1 polymerization 165:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization 146:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene 146:189 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 31 dep stabilizers 240:250 arg1 produce 255:261 produce 255:261 to produce CNF-based composite particles 252:291 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 1 32 theme emulsion 156:163 arg1 polymerization 165:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization 146:178 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene 146:189 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 4 33 theme ammonia 694:700 arg1 aq. 702:704 ammonia aq. 694:704 ammonia aq. 694:704 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 4 34 theme anionic 678:684 arg1 CNFs 686:689 the produced anionic CNFs 665:689 the produced anionic CNFs 665:689 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 2 35 theme bromide 430:436 arg1 gel 442:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 3 36 theme emulsion 506:513 arg1 polymerization 515:528 the emulsion polymerization 502:528 the emulsion polymerization 502:528 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 1 37 theme CNF-based 263:271 arg1 particles 283:291 CNF-based composite particles 263:291 CNF-based composite particles 263:291 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30584934 4 38 theme produced 669:676 arg1 CNFs 686:689 the produced anionic CNFs 665:689 the produced anionic CNFs 665:689 After styrene was added to a dispersion of the produced anionic CNFs in ammonia aq., a mixture was ultorasonicated to give an emulsion, in which styrene droplets were stably surrounded by CNFs. 30584934 7 39 theme hollow 1018:1023 arg1 particles 1025:1033 The hollow particles 1014:1033 The hollow particles 1014:1033 The hollow particles were prepared by solubilizing out the polystyrene cores with toluene. 30584934 2 40 theme chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium 395:428 arg1 gel 442:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel 393:444 Previously, we reported that regeneration from a chitin/1‑allyl‑3‑methylimidazolium bromide ion gel using methanol fabricated self-assembled CNFs. 30584934 3 41 from presence 593:600 arg1 maleylated 541:550 maleylated 541:550 maleylated 541:550 Prior to the emulsion polymerization, CNFs were maleylated by reaction with maleic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid. 30584934 1 42 theme composite 273:281 arg1 particles 283:291 CNF-based composite particles 263:291 CNF-based composite particles 263:291 This study investigated Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using self-assembled chitin nanofibers (CNFs) as stabilizers to produce CNF-based composite particles, which were further converted into hollow particles. 30125628 5 0 theme chitosan 799:806 arg1 % 811:811 chitosan 0.5% 799:811 chitosan 0.5% 799:811 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 5 1 from chloride 825:832 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 5 2 theme spherical 697:705 arg1 particles 718:726 spherical and smooth particles 697:726 spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 697:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 8 3 theme release 1104:1110 arg1 studies 1112:1118 In-vitro release studies 1095:1118 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1095:1159 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 1 4 theme oral 181:184 arg1 delivery 196:203 oral sustained delivery 181:203 oral sustained delivery of liraglutide 181:218 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 8 5 theme In-vitro 1095:1102 arg1 studies 1112:1118 In-vitro release studies 1095:1118 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1095:1159 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 8 6 from studies 1112:1118 arg1 conditions 1150:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 0 7 theme liraglutide 82:92 arg1 delivery 70:77 oral delivery 65:77 oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients 65:113 Development of chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients. 30125628 5 8 from % 811:811 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 5 9 from % 796:796 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 1 10 theme sustained 186:194 arg1 delivery 196:203 oral sustained delivery 181:203 oral sustained delivery of liraglutide 181:218 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 9 11 theme oral 1422:1425 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 2 12 from effect 225:230 arg1 size 343:346 the particle size 330:346 the particle size 330:346 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 2 13 theme surface 378:384 arg1 methodology 386:396 response surface methodology 369:396 response surface methodology 369:396 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 3 14 dep Fourier 514:520 arg1 transform 522:530 transform 522:530 transform infrared spectroscopy 522:552 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 0 15 theme diabetic 97:104 arg1 patients 106:113 diabetic patients 97:113 diabetic patients 97:113 Development of chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients. 30125628 6 16 theme loading 906:912 arg1 efficiency 914:923 a loading efficiency 904:923 a loading efficiency of 92.5% 904:932 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 3 17 dep transform 522:530 arg1 infrared 532:539 infrared 532:539 transform infrared spectroscopy 522:552 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 5 18 theme alginate 784:791 arg1 % 796:796 alginate 0.5% 784:796 alginate 0.5% 784:796 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 2 19 theme response 369:376 arg1 methodology 386:396 response surface methodology 369:396 response surface methodology 369:396 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 9 20 theme diabetes 1475:1482 arg1 management 1461:1470 better management 1454:1470 better management of diabetes 1454:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 2 21 theme chitosan 303:310 arg1 concentrations 312:325 chitosan concentrations 303:325 chitosan concentrations 303:325 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 7 22 from stability 993:1001 arg1 4 °C 1075:1078 4 °C 1075:1078 4 °C 1075:1078 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 3 23 theme transmission 470:481 arg1 microscopy 492:501 transmission electron microscopy 470:501 transmission electron microscopy 470:501 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 5 24 theme chloride 825:832 arg1 composition 769:779 the optimum composition 757:779 the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 757:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 9 25 theme study 1288:1292 arg1 results 1272:1278 The results 1268:1278 The results of this study 1268:1292 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 9 26 theme polymer-based 1408:1420 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 5 27 theme smooth 711:716 arg1 particles 718:726 spherical and smooth particles 697:726 spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 697:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 9 28 theme potential 1376:1384 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 3 29 theme electron 483:490 arg1 microscopy 492:501 transmission electron microscopy 470:501 transmission electron microscopy 470:501 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 8 30 theme sequential 1183:1192 arg1 technique 1194:1202 a sequential technique 1181:1202 a sequential technique 1181:1202 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 8 31 theme gastrointestinal 1133:1148 arg1 conditions 1150:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 8 32 theme simulated 1123:1131 arg1 conditions 1150:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 simulated gastrointestinal conditions 1123:1159 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 1 33 theme liraglutide 208:218 arg1 delivery 196:203 oral sustained delivery 181:203 oral sustained delivery of liraglutide 181:218 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 4 34 theme formed 593:598 arg1 beads 600:604 the formed beads 589:604 the formed beads 589:604 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 7 35 theme subsequent 1045:1054 arg1 storage 1064:1070 subsequent 60 days storage 1045:1070 subsequent 60 days storage 1045:1070 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 7 36 from 4 °C 1075:1078 arg1 stability 993:1001 stability 993:1001 stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively 993:1092 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 7 36 from 4 °C 1075:1078 arg1 % 1010:1010 92.4% 1006:1010 92.4% 1006:1010 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 7 36 from 4 °C 1075:1078 arg1 % 1020:1020 72.3% 1016:1020 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C 1016:1078 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 5 37 theme diameter 744:751 arg1 particles 718:726 spherical and smooth particles 697:726 spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 697:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 9 38 theme liraglutide 1438:1448 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 2 39 theme particle 334:341 arg1 size 343:346 the particle size 330:346 the particle size 330:346 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 5 40 theme volume 846:851 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 0 41 theme chitosan 15:22 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of chitosan 0:22 Development of chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients. 30125628 6 42 theme % 963:963 arg1 capacity 946:953 loading capacity 938:953 loading capacity of 54.16% 938:963 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 6 42 theme % 963:963 arg1 efficiency 914:923 a loading efficiency 904:923 a loading efficiency of 92.5% 904:932 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 6 43 theme bead 883:886 arg1 formulation 888:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 1 44 theme Chitosan 116:123 arg1 nanocapsules 149:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 6 45 contain had 900:902 arg1 formulation 888:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 6 45 contain had 900:902 arg2 efficiency 914:923 a loading efficiency 904:923 a loading efficiency of 92.5% 904:932 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 6 45 contain had 900:902 arg2 capacity 946:953 loading capacity 938:953 loading capacity of 54.16% 938:963 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 5 46 theme % 811:811 arg1 composition 769:779 the optimum composition 757:779 the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 757:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 4 47 theme beads 600:604 arg1 diameter 577:584 the diameter 573:584 the diameter of the formed beads 573:604 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 4 47 theme beads 600:604 arg1 dependent 615:623 dependent 615:623 dependent 615:623 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 5 48 dep % 796:796 arg1 % 837:837 0.5% 834:837 0.5% 834:837 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 6 49 theme resulting 873:881 arg1 formulation 888:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation 869:898 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 9 50 theme coated 1321:1326 arg1 nanocapsules 1345:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 0 51 theme calcium-alginate 31:46 arg1 nanocapsules 48:59 calcium-alginate nanocapsules 31:59 calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients 31:113 Development of chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients. 30125628 5 52 theme optimum 761:767 arg1 composition 769:779 the optimum composition 757:779 the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 757:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 5 53 from composition 769:779 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 2 54 theme sodium 264:269 arg1 alginate 271:278 sodium alginate 264:278 sodium alginate 264:278 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 5 55 theme 3:1:1 862:866 arg1 ratio 853:857 the volume ratio 842:857 the volume ratio of 3:1:1 842:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 0 56 theme oral 65:68 arg1 delivery 70:77 oral delivery 65:77 oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients 65:113 Development of chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules for oral delivery of liraglutide to diabetic patients. 30125628 7 57 theme freeze 1027:1032 arg1 drying 1034:1039 freeze drying 1027:1039 freeze drying 1027:1039 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 9 58 theme chitosan 1312:1319 arg1 nanocapsules 1345:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 1 59 theme coated 125:130 arg1 nanocapsules 149:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 3 60 theme light 439:443 arg1 scattering 445:454 dynamic light scattering 431:454 dynamic light scattering 431:454 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 6 61 theme loading 938:944 arg1 capacity 946:953 loading capacity 938:953 loading capacity of 54.16% 938:963 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 7 62 theme 60 days 1056:1062 arg1 storage 1064:1070 subsequent 60 days storage 1045:1070 subsequent 60 days storage 1045:1070 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 2 63 theme coating 235:241 arg1 concentrations 312:325 chitosan concentrations 303:325 chitosan concentrations 303:325 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 2 63 theme coating 235:241 arg1 components 243:252 coating components 235:252 coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations 235:325 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 2 63 theme coating 235:241 arg1 alginate 271:278 sodium alginate 264:278 sodium alginate 264:278 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 2 63 theme coating 235:241 arg1 chloride 289:296 calcium chloride 281:296 calcium chloride 281:296 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 2 64 theme components 243:252 arg1 effect 225:230 The effect 221:230 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size 221:346 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 1 65 theme calcium-alginate 132:147 arg1 nanocapsules 149:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 116:160 Chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules were developed for oral sustained delivery of liraglutide. 30125628 7 66 theme % 1020:1020 arg1 stability 993:1001 stability 993:1001 stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively 993:1092 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 5 67 theme calcium 817:823 arg1 chloride 825:832 calcium chloride 817:832 calcium chloride 817:832 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 9 68 theme calcium-alginate 1328:1343 arg1 nanocapsules 1345:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules 1312:1356 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 5 69 from ratio 853:857 arg1 composition 769:779 the optimum composition 757:779 the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 757:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 7 70 theme % 1010:1010 arg1 stability 993:1001 stability 993:1001 stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively 993:1092 The nanocapsules exhibited stability of 92.4% and 72.3% over freeze drying and subsequent 60 days storage at 4 °C, respectively. 30125628 4 71 dep technique 646:654 arg1 the 628:630 the 628:630 the 628:630 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 9 72 theme natural 1386:1392 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 9 73 theme better 1454:1459 arg1 management 1461:1470 better management 1454:1470 better management of diabetes 1454:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 8 74 theme drug 1222:1225 arg1 release 1227:1233 drug release 1222:1233 drug release 1222:1233 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 4 75 theme encapsulation 632:644 arg1 technique 646:654 encapsulation technique 632:654 encapsulation technique 632:654 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 5 76 theme % 796:796 arg1 composition 769:779 the optimum composition 757:779 the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1 757:866 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30125628 2 77 theme calcium 281:287 arg1 chloride 289:296 calcium chloride 281:296 calcium chloride 281:296 The effect of coating components including sodium alginate, calcium chloride, and chitosan concentrations on the particle size was studied based on response surface methodology. 30125628 8 78 theme release 1227:1233 arg1 amount 1212:1217 the amount 1208:1217 the amount of drug release 1208:1233 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 8 78 theme release 1227:1233 arg1 release 1227:1233 drug release 1222:1233 drug release 1222:1233 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 8 78 theme release 1227:1233 arg1 % 1255:1255 59.1% 1251:1255 59.1% 1251:1255 In-vitro release studies in simulated gastrointestinal conditions were carried out in a sequential technique and the amount of drug release was found to be 59.1% after 6 h. 30125628 4 79 theme alginate 660:667 arg1 concentration 669:681 alginate concentration 660:681 alginate concentration 660:681 It was shown that the diameter of the formed beads was most dependent on the encapsulation technique and alginate concentration. 30125628 3 80 theme dynamic 431:437 arg1 scattering 445:454 dynamic light scattering 431:454 dynamic light scattering 431:454 The beads were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 30125628 6 81 theme % 932:932 arg1 capacity 946:953 loading capacity 938:953 loading capacity of 54.16% 938:963 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 6 81 theme % 932:932 arg1 efficiency 914:923 a loading efficiency 904:923 a loading efficiency of 92.5% 904:932 The resulting bead formulation had a loading efficiency of 92.5% and loading capacity of 54.16%. 30125628 9 82 theme biodegradable 1394:1406 arg1 carrier 1427:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier 1374:1433 a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes 1374:1482 The results of this study demonstrated that chitosan coated calcium-alginate nanocapsules hold promise as a potential natural biodegradable polymer-based oral carrier of liraglutide for better management of diabetes. 30125628 5 83 dep 100 nm 737:742 arg1 to 734:735 to 734:735 to 734:735 SEM revealed spherical and smooth particles of up to 100 nm diameter for the optimum composition of alginate 0.5%, chitosan 0.5% and calcium chloride 0.5% in the volume ratio of 3:1:1. 30009904 3 0 theme body 516:519 arg1 gain 528:531 the body weight gain 512:531 the body weight gain 512:531 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 1 theme cholesterol 812:822 arg1 levels 742:747 the levels 738:747 the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 738:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 4 2 theme GLP 974:976 arg1 300 mg/kg 982:990 300 mg/kg 982:990 300 mg/kg 982:990 The appropriate dose of GLP was 300 mg/kg. 30009904 4 2 theme GLP 974:976 arg1 dose 966:969 The appropriate dose 950:969 The appropriate dose of GLP 950:976 The appropriate dose of GLP was 300 mg/kg. 30009904 5 3 theme antioxidant 1053:1063 arg1 activities 1065:1074 hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities 1028:1074 hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities 1028:1074 Results indicate that GLP exhibits hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities and may be used as a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment. 30009904 3 4 theme weight 521:526 arg1 gain 528:531 the body weight gain 512:531 the body weight gain 512:531 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 5 theme serum 855:859 arg1 dismutase 872:880 serum superoxide dismutase 855:880 serum superoxide dismutase 855:880 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 6 theme superoxide 861:870 arg1 dismutase 872:880 serum superoxide dismutase 855:880 serum superoxide dismutase 855:880 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 7 theme high-density 787:798 arg1 cholesterol 812:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 1 8 theme Ganoderma 88:96 arg1 lucidum 98:104 Ganoderma lucidum 88:104 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) 88:125 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 1 9 theme water 147:151 arg1 extraction 153:162 hot water extraction 143:162 hot water extraction 143:162 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 4 10 theme appropriate 954:964 arg1 300 mg/kg 982:990 300 mg/kg 982:990 300 mg/kg 982:990 The appropriate dose of GLP was 300 mg/kg. 30009904 4 10 theme appropriate 954:964 arg1 dose 966:969 The appropriate dose 950:969 The appropriate dose of GLP 950:976 The appropriate dose of GLP was 300 mg/kg. 30009904 3 11 theme malondialdehyde 705:719 arg1 values 721:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 1 12 theme lucidum 98:104 arg1 GLP 122:124 GLP 122:124 GLP 122:124 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 1 12 theme lucidum 98:104 arg1 polysaccharide 106:119 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide 88:119 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) 88:125 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 1 13 theme gel 209:211 arg1 chromatography 224:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 3 14 theme lipoprotein 800:810 arg1 cholesterol 812:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 15 theme TG 691:692 arg1 levels 694:699 TG levels 691:699 TG levels 691:699 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 16 theme efficiency 539:548 arg1 ratio 550:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 17 theme glutathione 886:896 arg1 peroxidase 898:907 glutathione peroxidase 886:907 glutathione peroxidase 886:907 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 1 18 theme high-performance 192:207 arg1 chromatography 224:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 3 19 theme plasma 567:572 arg1 TG 591:592 TG 591:592 TG 591:592 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 19 theme plasma 567:572 arg1 triacylglycerol 574:588 plasma triacylglycerol 567:588 plasma triacylglycerol (TG) 567:593 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 20 theme peroxidase 898:907 arg1 activities 841:850 the activities 837:850 the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group 837:947 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 21 theme other 405:409 arg1 groups 411:416 the three other groups 395:416 the three other groups 395:416 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 0 22 theme Hypolipidaemic 0:13 arg1 activities 40:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities 0:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 0:86 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 levels 694:699 TG levels 691:699 TG levels 691:699 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 gain 528:531 the body weight gain 512:531 the body weight gain 512:531 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 levels 557:562 levels 557:562 levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 557:664 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 weight 676:681 liver weight 670:681 liver weight 670:681 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 values 721:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 23 theme cholesterol 654:664 arg1 ratio 550:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 levels 694:699 TG levels 691:699 TG levels 691:699 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 gain 528:531 the body weight gain 512:531 the body weight gain 512:531 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 levels 557:562 levels 557:562 levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 557:664 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 weight 676:681 liver weight 670:681 liver weight 670:681 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 values 721:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 24 theme triacylglycerol 574:588 arg1 ratio 550:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 1 25 theme filtration 213:222 arg1 chromatography 224:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 high-performance gel filtration chromatography 192:237 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 3 26 from activities 841:850 arg1 rats 912:915 rats 912:915 rats compared with the control group 912:947 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 27 theme control 935:941 arg1 group 943:947 the control group 931:947 the control group 931:947 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 0 28 theme anti-lipidperoxidant 19:38 arg1 activities 40:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities 0:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 0:86 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 30009904 3 29 theme food 534:537 arg1 ratio 550:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 5 30 used used 1087:1090 arg2 GLP 1015:1017 GLP 1015:1017 GLP 1015:1017 Results indicate that GLP exhibits hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities and may be used as a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment. 30009904 5 30 used used 1087:1090 arg2 drug 1097:1100 a drug 1095:1100 a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment 1095:1130 Results indicate that GLP exhibits hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities and may be used as a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment. 30009904 0 31 theme Ganoderma 54:62 arg1 lucidum 64:70 Ganoderma lucidum 54:70 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide 54:85 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 30009904 3 32 theme low-density 630:640 arg1 cholesterol 654:664 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 630:664 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 630:664 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 33 theme Sprague-Dawley 280:293 arg1 rats 295:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats 275:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats 275:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 34 theme high-fat 429:436 arg1 diet 438:441 a high-fat diet 427:441 a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP 427:482 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 35 theme GLP 480:482 arg1 100 454:456 100 454:456 100 454:456 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 35 theme GLP 480:482 arg1 GLP 480:482 GLP 480:482 GLP 480:482 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 3 36 theme faecal 752:757 arg1 fat 759:761 faecal fat 752:761 faecal fat 752:761 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 37 theme Male 275:278 arg1 rats 295:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats 275:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats 275:298 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 1 38 theme monosaccharide 247:260 arg1 composition 262:272 its monosaccharide composition 243:272 its monosaccharide composition 243:272 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 0 39 theme polysaccharide 72:85 arg1 activities 40:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities 0:49 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 0:86 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 30009904 3 40 theme fat 759:761 arg1 levels 742:747 the levels 738:747 the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 738:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 41 theme control 376:382 arg1 diet 370:373 a high-fat diet 359:373 a high-fat diet (control group) 359:389 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 41 theme control 376:382 arg1 group 384:388 control group 376:388 control group 376:388 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 0 42 theme lucidum 64:70 arg1 polysaccharide 72:85 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide 54:85 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide 54:85 Hypolipidaemic and anti-lipidperoxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide. 30009904 3 43 theme GLP 485:487 arg1 administration 489:502 GLP administration 485:502 GLP administration 485:502 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 5 44 theme hypolipidaemic 1028:1041 arg1 activities 1065:1074 hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities 1028:1074 hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities 1028:1074 Results indicate that GLP exhibits hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities and may be used as a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment. 30009904 3 45 theme liver 670:674 arg1 weight 676:681 liver weight 670:681 liver weight 670:681 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 levels 694:699 TG levels 691:699 TG levels 691:699 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 gain 528:531 the body weight gain 512:531 the body weight gain 512:531 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 levels 557:562 levels 557:562 levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 557:664 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 weight 676:681 liver weight 670:681 liver weight 670:681 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 TC 684:685 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 values 721:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 malondialdehyde values 705:726 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 46 theme cholesterol 609:619 arg1 ratio 550:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 food efficiency ratio 534:554 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 1 47 theme hot 143:145 arg1 extraction 153:162 hot water extraction 143:162 hot water extraction 143:162 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was prepared by hot water extraction and partly characterised by high-performance gel filtration chromatography and its monosaccharide composition. 30009904 3 48 theme lipoprotein 642:652 arg1 cholesterol 654:664 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 630:664 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 630:664 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 49 theme high-fat 361:368 arg1 diet 370:373 a high-fat diet 359:373 a high-fat diet (control group) 359:389 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 49 theme high-fat 361:368 arg1 group 384:388 control group 376:388 control group 376:388 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 3 50 theme plasma 780:785 arg1 cholesterol 812:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 780:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 2 51 contain containing 443:452 arg2 100 454:456 100 454:456 100 454:456 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 51 contain containing 443:452 arg2 GLP 480:482 GLP 480:482 GLP 480:482 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 51 contain containing 443:452 arg1 diet 438:441 a high-fat diet 427:441 a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP 427:482 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 51 contain containing 443:452 arg2 500 mg/kg 467:475 500 mg/kg 467:475 500 mg/kg 467:475 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 2 51 contain containing 443:452 arg2 300 459:461 300 459:461 300 459:461 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: one group received a high-fat diet (control group) and the three other groups received a high-fat diet containing 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of GLP. 30009904 3 52 theme plasma 596:601 arg1 TC 622:623 TC 622:623 TC 622:623 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 52 theme plasma 596:601 arg1 cholesterol 609:619 plasma total cholesterol 596:619 plasma total cholesterol (TC) 596:624 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 5 53 theme hyperlipidaemia 1106:1120 arg1 treatment 1122:1130 hyperlipidaemia treatment 1106:1130 hyperlipidaemia treatment 1106:1130 Results indicate that GLP exhibits hypolipidaemic and lipid antioxidant activities and may be used as a drug for hyperlipidaemia treatment. 30009904 3 54 theme total 603:607 arg1 TC 622:623 TC 622:623 TC 622:623 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 54 theme total 603:607 arg1 cholesterol 609:619 plasma total cholesterol 596:619 plasma total cholesterol (TC) 596:624 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 55 theme dismutase 872:880 arg1 activities 841:850 the activities 837:850 the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group 837:947 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 30009904 3 56 theme cholesterol 764:774 arg1 levels 742:747 the levels 738:747 the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 738:822 GLP administration reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, levels of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver weight, TC and TG levels and malondialdehyde values, improved the levels of faecal fat, cholesterol and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and enhanced the activities of serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in rats compared with the control group. 31377505 5 0 theme narrow 697:702 arg1 distribution 718:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 5 1 theme particle 704:711 arg1 distribution 718:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 7 2 theme maximum 1049:1055 arg1 rate 1069:1072 maximum weight loss rate 1049:1072 maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) 1049:1079 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 2 theme maximum 1049:1055 arg1 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 1 3 theme pulp 255:258 arg1 fibers 260:265 pulp fibers 255:265 pulp fibers 255:265 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 5 4 theme obtained 662:669 arg1 CNCs 686:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 5 5 contain had 691:693 arg1 CNCs 686:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 5 5 contain had 691:693 arg2 distribution 718:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 6 6 theme FTIR 755:758 arg1 analyses 768:775 FTIR and XRD analyses 755:775 FTIR and XRD analyses 755:775 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 2 7 from impurities 304:313 arg1 CNCs 336:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 The impurities in the crude product CNCs were analyzed with FTIR, coomassie brilliant blue-G250 and ionic chromatography. 31377505 1 8 theme fibers 260:265 arg1 enzymolysis 240:250 composite enzymolysis 230:250 composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers 230:265 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 1 8 theme fibers 260:265 arg1 purification 275:286 the purification 271:286 the purification of product 271:297 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 0 9 theme composite 93:101 arg1 enzymolysis 103:113 the composite enzymolysis 89:113 the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers 89:128 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 1 10 with nanocrystals 155:166 arg1 purity 185:190 high purity 180:190 high purity 180:190 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 7 11 theme rate 1069:1072 arg1 temperature 1034:1044 the temperature 1030:1044 the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) 1030:1079 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 12 contain had 968:970 arg1 CNCs 963:966 the spherical CNCs 949:966 the spherical CNCs 949:966 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 12 contain had 968:970 arg2 stability 987:995 better thermal stability 972:995 better thermal stability 972:995 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 0 13 theme pulp 118:121 arg1 fibers 123:128 pulp fibers 118:128 pulp fibers 118:128 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 6 14 theme CNCs 824:827 arg1 phase 801:805 the crystal phase 789:805 the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs 789:827 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 2 15 theme coomassie 366:374 arg1 brilliant 376:384 coomassie brilliant blue-G250 366:394 coomassie brilliant blue-G250 366:394 The impurities in the crude product CNCs were analyzed with FTIR, coomassie brilliant blue-G250 and ionic chromatography. 31377505 4 16 theme spherical 607:615 arg1 CNCs 617:620 pure spherical CNCs 602:620 pure spherical CNCs 602:620 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 7 17 theme loss 1064:1067 arg1 rate 1069:1072 maximum weight loss rate 1049:1072 maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) 1049:1079 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 17 theme loss 1064:1067 arg1 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 6 18 theme spherical 814:822 arg1 CNCs 824:827 the spherical CNCs 810:827 the spherical CNCs 810:827 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 5 19 theme size 713:716 arg1 distribution 718:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 a narrow particle size distribution 695:729 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 4 20 theme pure 602:605 arg1 CNCs 617:620 pure spherical CNCs 602:620 pure spherical CNCs 602:620 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 7 21 theme other 1011:1015 arg1 methods 1017:1023 other methods 1011:1023 other methods 1011:1023 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 1 22 theme high 180:183 arg1 purity 185:190 high purity 180:190 high purity 180:190 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 6 23 theme XRD 764:766 arg1 analyses 768:775 FTIR and XRD analyses 755:775 FTIR and XRD analyses 755:775 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 3 24 theme pure 426:429 arg1 CNCs 431:434 The pure CNCs 422:434 The pure CNCs 422:434 The pure CNCs were characterized with SEM, XRD, DLS and TGA. 31377505 6 25 theme pulp 900:903 arg1 fibers 905:910 pulp fibers 900:910 pulp fibers 900:910 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 0 26 theme fibers 123:128 arg1 enzymolysis 103:113 the composite enzymolysis 89:113 the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers 89:128 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 0 27 theme cellulose 46:54 arg1 nanocrystals 56:67 spherical cellulose nanocrystals 36:67 spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity 36:84 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 1 28 theme product 291:297 arg1 enzymolysis 240:250 composite enzymolysis 230:250 composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers 230:265 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 1 28 theme product 291:297 arg1 purification 275:286 the purification 271:286 the purification of product 271:297 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 2 29 theme ionic 400:404 arg1 chromatography 406:419 ionic chromatography 400:419 ionic chromatography 400:419 The impurities in the crude product CNCs were analyzed with FTIR, coomassie brilliant blue-G250 and ionic chromatography. 31377505 0 30 theme spherical 36:44 arg1 nanocrystals 56:67 spherical cellulose nanocrystals 36:67 spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity 36:84 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 6 31 theme crystal 793:799 arg1 phase 801:805 the crystal phase 789:805 the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs 789:827 FTIR and XRD analyses proved that the crystal phase of the spherical CNCs did not change, but the crystallinity decreased slightly compared with pulp fibers. 31377505 7 32 theme weight 1057:1062 arg1 rate 1069:1072 maximum weight loss rate 1049:1072 maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) 1049:1079 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 32 theme weight 1057:1062 arg1 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 Tmax 1075:1078 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 33 theme better 972:977 arg1 stability 987:995 better thermal stability 972:995 better thermal stability 972:995 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 7 34 theme spherical 953:961 arg1 CNCs 963:966 the spherical CNCs 949:966 the spherical CNCs 949:966 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 0 35 theme nanocrystals 56:67 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 0 35 theme nanocrystals 56:67 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 4 36 theme crude 514:518 arg1 CNCs 520:523 the crude CNCs 510:523 the crude CNCs 510:523 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 7 37 theme thermal 979:985 arg1 stability 987:995 better thermal stability 972:995 better thermal stability 972:995 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 2 38 theme product 328:334 arg1 CNCs 336:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 The impurities in the crude product CNCs were analyzed with FTIR, coomassie brilliant blue-G250 and ionic chromatography. 31377505 2 39 theme crude 322:326 arg1 CNCs 336:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 the crude product CNCs 318:339 The impurities in the crude product CNCs were analyzed with FTIR, coomassie brilliant blue-G250 and ionic chromatography. 31377505 4 40 theme acid 572:575 arg1 pH = 2 587:592 pH = 2 587:592 pH = 2 587:592 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 4 40 theme acid 572:575 arg1 solution 577:584 a dilute acid solution 563:584 a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) 563:593 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 7 41 theme thermal 917:923 arg1 degradation 925:935 The thermal degradation 913:935 The thermal degradation 913:935 The thermal degradation showed that the spherical CNCs had better thermal stability than one from other methods, and the temperature of maximum weight loss rate (Tmax) was 329.2 °C. 31377505 1 42 theme spherical 135:143 arg1 nanocrystals 155:166 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals 131:166 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity 131:190 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 1 42 theme spherical 135:143 arg1 CNCs 169:172 CNCs 169:172 CNCs 169:172 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 4 43 theme dilute 565:570 arg1 pH = 2 587:592 pH = 2 587:592 pH = 2 587:592 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 4 43 theme dilute 565:570 arg1 solution 577:584 a dilute acid solution 563:584 a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) 563:593 The results indicated that the crude CNCs was flocculated and washed twice with a dilute acid solution (pH = 2) to get pure spherical CNCs, the purity was approximate 99.99%. 31377505 5 44 theme spherical 676:684 arg1 CNCs 686:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 31377505 0 45 with nanocrystals 56:67 arg1 purity 79:84 high purity 74:84 high purity 74:84 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 1 46 theme cellulose 145:153 arg1 nanocrystals 155:166 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals 131:166 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity 131:190 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 1 46 theme cellulose 145:153 arg1 CNCs 169:172 CNCs 169:172 CNCs 169:172 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 1 47 theme composite 230:238 arg1 enzymolysis 240:250 composite enzymolysis 230:250 composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers 230:265 The spherical cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high purity were prepared, the processes included composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers and the purification of product. 31377505 0 48 theme high 74:77 arg1 purity 79:84 high purity 74:84 high purity 74:84 Preparation and characterization of spherical cellulose nanocrystals with high purity by the composite enzymolysis of pulp fibers. 31377505 5 49 theme pure 671:674 arg1 CNCs 686:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs 658:689 The obtained pure spherical CNCs had a narrow particle size distribution with diameter 15-40 nm. 30716950 13 0 with products 1550:1557 arg1 size 1585:1588 the desired particle size 1564:1588 the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties 1564:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 6 1 theme particles 873:881 arg1 reduction 860:868 the reduction 856:868 the reduction of particles 856:881 The water holding capacity and sediment volume fraction increased with the reduction of particles. 30716950 12 2 theme finest 1456:1461 arg1 particles 1463:1471 the finest particles 1452:1471 the finest particles 1452:1471 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties were observed for the finest particles. 30716950 0 3 from properties 57:66 arg1 dispersions 87:97 dispersions 87:97 dispersions 87:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 0 4 theme flour 78:82 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 11 5 theme compositional 1305:1317 arg1 resemblances 1319:1330 compositional resemblances 1305:1330 compositional resemblances 1305:1330 The particle fractions ranged between +100 and +200-mesh showed compositional resemblances and, subsequently, the properties. 30716950 7 6 theme significant 934:944 arg1 differences 946:956 significant differences 934:956 significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF 934:1014 Rheological measurement indicated that there were significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF. 30716950 3 7 theme particle 441:448 arg1 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 7 theme particle 441:448 arg1 [+30-mesh 455:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh 430:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) 430:473 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 8 8 theme finest 1021:1026 arg1 particles 1028:1036 The finest particles 1017:1036 The finest particles 1017:1036 The finest particles produced a lower complex viscosity and lower mechanical rigidity. 30716950 6 9 theme sediment 816:823 arg1 fraction 832:839 sediment volume fraction 816:839 sediment volume fraction 816:839 The water holding capacity and sediment volume fraction increased with the reduction of particles. 30716950 2 10 from interest 320:327 arg1 industry 336:343 the industry 332:343 the industry 332:343 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 10 11 theme polygon 1211:1217 arg1 structure 1219:1227 irregular-shaped polygon structure 1194:1227 irregular-shaped polygon structure for the QF 1194:1238 Microscopy showed irregular-shaped polygon structure for the QF. 30716950 13 12 theme functional 1603:1612 arg1 properties 1630:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 1 13 contain has 160:162 arg1 size 155:158 particle size 146:158 particle size 146:158 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 1 13 contain has 160:162 arg2 impact 176:181 significant impact 164:181 significant impact 164:181 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 3 14 dep ground 380:385 arg1 quinoa 364:369 the quinoa 360:369 the quinoa seed 360:374 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 14 dep ground 380:385 arg1 ground 380:385 ground 380:385 ground 380:385 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 14 dep ground 380:385 arg1 followed 399:406 followed 399:406 followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)] 399:496 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 8 15 theme complex 1055:1061 arg1 viscosity 1063:1071 a lower complex viscosity 1047:1071 a lower complex viscosity 1047:1071 The finest particles produced a lower complex viscosity and lower mechanical rigidity. 30716950 12 16 theme properties 1423:1432 arg1 extractability 1379:1392 The highest extractability 1367:1392 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties 1367:1432 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties were observed for the finest particles. 30716950 10 17 theme irregular-shaped 1194:1209 arg1 structure 1219:1227 irregular-shaped polygon structure 1194:1227 irregular-shaped polygon structure for the QF 1194:1238 Microscopy showed irregular-shaped polygon structure for the QF. 30716950 5 18 theme dietary 682:688 arg1 contents 696:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 1 19 theme significant 164:174 arg1 impact 176:181 significant impact 164:181 significant impact 164:181 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 5 20 theme fiber 690:694 arg1 contents 696:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 5 21 theme starch 759:764 arg1 content 766:772 the starch content 755:772 the starch content 755:772 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 9 22 dep final 1108:1112 arg1 viscosities 1126:1136 viscosities 1126:1136 viscosities 1126:1136 The final and setback viscosities decreased as particle size decreased. 30716950 9 22 dep final 1108:1112 arg1 The 1104:1106 The 1104:1106 The 1104:1106 The final and setback viscosities decreased as particle size decreased. 30716950 4 23 theme particle 612:619 arg1 fractions 621:629 all particle fractions 608:629 all particle fractions 608:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 3 24 from ground 380:385 arg1 work 354:357 this work 349:357 this work 349:357 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 8 25 theme lower 1049:1053 arg1 viscosity 1063:1071 a lower complex viscosity 1047:1071 a lower complex viscosity 1047:1071 The finest particles produced a lower complex viscosity and lower mechanical rigidity. 30716950 12 26 theme phenolics 1397:1405 arg1 extractability 1379:1392 The highest extractability 1367:1392 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties 1367:1432 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties were observed for the finest particles. 30716950 0 27 theme Functional 0:9 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 4 28 theme particle 513:520 arg1 size 522:525 particle size 513:525 particle size 513:525 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 29 theme fractions 621:629 arg1 antioxidant 543:553 antioxidant 543:553 antioxidant 543:553 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 29 theme fractions 621:629 arg1 composition 530:540 composition 530:540 composition 530:540 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 29 theme fractions 621:629 arg1 properties 594:603 several functional and mechanical properties 560:603 several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 560:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 13 30 with size 1585:1588 arg1 properties 1630:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 2 31 from behaviors 265:273 arg1 dispersion 291:300 dispersion 291:300 dispersion 291:300 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 1 32 theme food 186:189 arg1 digestibility 191:203 food digestibility 186:203 food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system 186:234 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 7 33 theme Rheological 884:894 arg1 measurement 896:906 Rheological measurement 884:906 Rheological measurement 884:906 Rheological measurement indicated that there were significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF. 30716950 5 34 theme crude 658:662 arg1 protein 649:655 protein 649:655 protein 649:655 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 5 34 theme crude 658:662 arg1 fat 664:666 crude fat 658:666 crude fat 658:666 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 13 35 theme optimum 1595:1601 arg1 properties 1630:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 2 36 theme major 314:318 arg1 interest 320:327 major interest 314:327 major interest in the industry 314:343 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 13 37 theme particle 1576:1583 arg1 size 1585:1588 the desired particle size 1564:1588 the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties 1564:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 3 38 theme size 450:453 arg1 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 38 theme size 450:453 arg1 [+30-mesh 455:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh 430:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) 430:473 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 0 39 theme rheological 12:22 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 0 40 theme particle 116:123 arg1 size 125:128 particle size 116:128 particle size 116:128 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 6 41 theme volume 825:830 arg1 fraction 832:839 sediment volume fraction 816:839 sediment volume fraction 816:839 The water holding capacity and sediment volume fraction increased with the reduction of particles. 30716950 4 42 theme mechanical 583:592 arg1 properties 594:603 several functional and mechanical properties 560:603 several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 560:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 43 from effect 503:508 arg1 antioxidant 543:553 antioxidant 543:553 antioxidant 543:553 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 43 from effect 503:508 arg1 composition 530:540 composition 530:540 composition 530:540 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 43 from effect 503:508 arg1 properties 594:603 several functional and mechanical properties 560:603 several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 560:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 4 44 theme size 522:525 arg1 effect 503:508 The effect 499:508 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 499:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 8 45 theme lower 1077:1081 arg1 rigidity 1094:1101 lower mechanical rigidity 1077:1101 lower mechanical rigidity 1077:1101 The finest particles produced a lower complex viscosity and lower mechanical rigidity. 30716950 0 46 from flour 78:82 arg1 dispersions 87:97 dispersions 87:97 dispersions 87:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 5 47 theme crude 669:673 arg1 protein 649:655 protein 649:655 protein 649:655 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 5 47 theme crude 669:673 arg1 fiber 675:679 crude fiber 669:679 crude fiber 669:679 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 3 48 theme selected 432:439 arg1 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 >595-μm 466:472 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 48 theme selected 432:439 arg1 [+30-mesh 455:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh 430:463 a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) 430:473 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 0 49 theme microstructural 25:39 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 5 50 theme particle 735:742 arg1 size 744:747 the particle size 731:747 the particle size 731:747 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 1 51 theme gastrointestinal 212:227 arg1 system 229:234 the gastrointestinal system 208:234 the gastrointestinal system 208:234 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 7 52 theme QF 1013:1014 arg1 particles 1000:1008 coarser and finer particles 982:1008 coarser and finer particles of QF 982:1014 Rheological measurement indicated that there were significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF. 30716950 0 53 theme antioxidant 45:55 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 8 54 theme mechanical 1083:1092 arg1 rigidity 1094:1101 lower mechanical rigidity 1077:1101 lower mechanical rigidity 1077:1101 The finest particles produced a lower complex viscosity and lower mechanical rigidity. 30716950 6 55 theme holding 795:801 arg1 capacity 803:810 The water holding capacity 785:810 The water holding capacity 785:810 The water holding capacity and sediment volume fraction increased with the reduction of particles. 30716950 12 56 theme highest 1371:1377 arg1 extractability 1379:1392 The highest extractability 1367:1392 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties 1367:1432 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties were observed for the finest particles. 30716950 1 57 from digestibility 191:203 arg1 system 229:234 the gastrointestinal system 208:234 the gastrointestinal system 208:234 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 13 58 theme desired 1568:1574 arg1 size 1585:1588 the desired particle size 1564:1588 the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties 1564:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 5 59 theme protein 649:655 arg1 contents 696:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents 645:703 The protein, crude fat, crude fiber, dietary fiber contents increased with decreasing the particle size while the starch content decreased. 30716950 6 60 theme water 789:793 arg1 capacity 803:810 The water holding capacity 785:810 The water holding capacity 785:810 The water holding capacity and sediment volume fraction increased with the reduction of particles. 30716950 2 61 theme particles 278:286 arg1 behaviors 265:273 the rheological behaviors 249:273 the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion 249:300 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 7 62 theme finer 994:998 arg1 particles 1000:1008 coarser and finer particles 982:1008 coarser and finer particles of QF 982:1014 Rheological measurement indicated that there were significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF. 30716950 12 63 theme antioxidant 1411:1421 arg1 properties 1423:1432 antioxidant properties 1411:1432 antioxidant properties 1411:1432 The highest extractability of phenolics and antioxidant properties were observed for the finest particles. 30716950 4 64 theme several 560:566 arg1 properties 594:603 several functional and mechanical properties 560:603 several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 560:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30716950 2 65 dep interest 320:327 arg1 of 311:312 of 311:312 of 311:312 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 0 66 theme quinoa 71:76 arg1 flour 78:82 quinoa flour 71:82 quinoa flour in dispersions 71:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 0 67 from dispersions 87:97 arg1 properties 57:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties 0:66 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions 0:97 Functional, rheological, microstructural and antioxidant properties of quinoa flour in dispersions as influenced by particle size. 30716950 7 68 theme coarser 982:988 arg1 particles 1000:1008 coarser and finer particles 982:1008 coarser and finer particles of QF 982:1014 Rheological measurement indicated that there were significant differences among rheograms between coarser and finer particles of QF. 30716950 11 69 theme particle 1245:1252 arg1 fractions 1254:1262 The particle fractions 1241:1262 The particle fractions ranged between +100 and +200-mesh 1241:1296 The particle fractions ranged between +100 and +200-mesh showed compositional resemblances and, subsequently, the properties. 30716950 13 70 theme nutritional 1618:1628 arg1 properties 1630:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 optimum functional and nutritional properties 1595:1639 The information generated from this work would help the industry to develop products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties. 30716950 2 71 theme rheological 253:263 arg1 behaviors 265:273 the rheological behaviors 249:273 the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion 249:300 Controlling the rheological behaviors of particles in dispersion has been of major interest in the industry. 30716950 9 72 theme particle 1151:1158 arg1 size 1160:1163 particle size 1151:1163 particle size 1151:1163 The final and setback viscosities decreased as particle size decreased. 30716950 1 73 theme particle 146:153 arg1 size 155:158 particle size 146:158 particle size 146:158 Nutritionally, particle size has significant impact on food digestibility in the gastrointestinal system. 30716950 3 74 from work 354:357 arg1 quinoa 364:369 the quinoa 360:369 the quinoa seed 360:374 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 74 from work 354:357 arg1 ground 380:385 ground 380:385 ground 380:385 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 3 74 from work 354:357 arg1 followed 399:406 followed 399:406 followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)] 399:496 In this work, the quinoa seed was ground into flour, followed by fractionating into a selected particle size [+30-mesh (>595-μm) to +200-mesh (>74-μm)]. 30716950 4 75 theme functional 568:577 arg1 properties 594:603 several functional and mechanical properties 560:603 several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions 560:629 The effect of particle size on composition, antioxidant, and several functional and mechanical properties of all particle fractions were studied. 30948051 7 0 theme electrochemical 1486:1500 arg1 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 7 0 theme electrochemical 1486:1500 arg1 system 1502:1507 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 6 1 from changes 1196:1202 arg1 wall 1222:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 2 theme morphological 1182:1194 arg1 changes 1196:1202 the morphological changes 1178:1202 the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix 1178:1289 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 7 3 from changes 1548:1554 arg1 matrix 1571:1576 the biofilm matrix 1559:1576 the biofilm matrix 1559:1576 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 2 4 dep sensing 319:325 arg1 monitoring 380:389 monitoring 380:389 monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses 380:456 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 7 5 theme electron 1634:1641 arg1 exchanges 1643:1651 electron exchanges 1634:1651 electron exchanges 1634:1651 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 6 6 theme scanning 1309:1316 arg1 SEM 1339:1341 SEM 1339:1341 SEM 1339:1341 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 6 theme scanning 1309:1316 arg1 microscopy 1327:1336 scanning electron microscopy 1309:1336 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1309:1342 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 7 theme chitosan 605:612 arg1 nanoparticles 614:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles 591:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs) 591:637 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 7 theme chitosan 605:612 arg1 NPs 634:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 7 8 theme direct 1611:1616 arg1 measurements 1618:1629 direct measurements 1611:1629 direct measurements of electron exchanges 1611:1651 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 3 9 from influence 694:702 arg1 progression 742:752 biofilm progression 734:752 biofilm progression 734:752 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 4 10 theme active 944:949 arg1 state 968:972 an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state 923:972 an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state 923:972 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 5 11 theme nanostructured 1045:1058 arg1 elements 1060:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 6 12 from state 1263:1267 arg1 switching 1233:1241 switching 1233:1241 switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix 1233:1289 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 13 theme bacterial 1207:1215 arg1 wall 1222:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 14 theme Dispersive 1424:1433 arg1 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 14 theme Dispersive 1424:1433 arg1 analysis 1441:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis 1413:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) 1413:1454 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 15 theme graphene 558:565 arg1 rGO 574:576 rGO 574:576 rGO 574:576 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 15 theme graphene 558:565 arg1 oxide 567:571 reduced graphene oxide 550:571 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 5 16 theme electrode 1005:1013 arg1 modifications 1015:1027 electrode modifications 1005:1027 electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements 1005:1067 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 1 17 theme direct 84:89 arg1 monitoring 91:100 The direct monitoring 80:100 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation 80:121 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 1 18 theme biomedical 198:207 arg1 applications 209:220 biomedical applications 198:220 biomedical applications 198:220 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 6 19 theme Energy 1417:1422 arg1 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 19 theme Energy 1417:1422 arg1 analysis 1441:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis 1413:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) 1413:1454 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 20 theme assay 471:475 arg1 optimizations 477:489 the assay optimizations 467:489 the assay optimizations 467:489 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 21 theme hyperbranched 591:603 arg1 nanoparticles 614:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles 591:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs) 591:637 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 21 theme hyperbranched 591:603 arg1 NPs 634:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 5 22 with modifications 1015:1027 arg1 elements 1060:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 6 23 theme chemical 1374:1381 arg1 composition 1383:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 2 24 theme different 439:447 arg1 stresses 449:456 different stresses 439:456 different stresses 439:456 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 2 25 theme biofilm 344:350 arg1 formation 331:339 the formation 327:339 the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa 327:367 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 7 26 theme biofilm 1563:1569 arg1 matrix 1571:1576 the biofilm matrix 1559:1576 the biofilm matrix 1559:1576 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 0 27 theme formation 29:37 arg1 Online-monitoring 0:16 Online-monitoring 0:16 Online-monitoring of biofilm formation 0:37 Online-monitoring of biofilm formation using nanostructured electrode surfaces. 30948051 7 28 theme designed 1467:1474 arg1 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 7 28 theme designed 1467:1474 arg1 system 1502:1507 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 7 29 used used 1532:1535 arg2 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 7 29 used used 1532:1535 arg2 system 1502:1507 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 1 30 theme formation 113:121 arg1 monitoring 91:100 The direct monitoring 80:100 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation 80:121 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 5 31 theme direct 1100:1105 arg1 assay 1107:1111 direct assay 1100:1111 direct assay for the biofilm formation 1100:1137 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 3 32 theme modifiers 532:540 arg1 performances 496:507 the performances 492:507 the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite 492:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 1 33 theme biofilm 105:111 arg1 formation 113:121 biofilm formation 105:121 biofilm formation 105:121 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 4 34 theme adhered 833:839 arg1 cells 851:855 the adhered bacterial cells 829:855 the adhered bacterial cells 829:855 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 3 35 theme HBCs 629:632 arg1 nanoparticles 614:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles 591:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs) 591:637 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 35 theme HBCs 629:632 arg1 NPs 634:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 HBCs NPs 629:636 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 0 36 theme nanostructured 45:58 arg1 surfaces 70:77 nanostructured electrode surfaces 45:77 nanostructured electrode surfaces 45:77 Online-monitoring of biofilm formation using nanostructured electrode surfaces. 30948051 5 37 theme conductive 1034:1043 arg1 elements 1060:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 conductive nanostructured elements 1034:1067 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 3 38 theme rGO-HBCs 644:651 arg1 nano-composite 653:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 39 theme different 512:520 arg1 nanoparticles 614:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles 591:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs) 591:637 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 39 theme different 512:520 arg1 nano-composite 653:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 39 theme different 512:520 arg1 modifiers 532:540 different electrode modifiers 512:540 different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite 512:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 39 theme different 512:520 arg1 nanosheets 579:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 0 40 theme biofilm 21:27 arg1 formation 29:37 biofilm formation 21:37 biofilm formation 21:37 Online-monitoring of biofilm formation using nanostructured electrode surfaces. 30948051 4 41 dep active 944:949 arg1 matrix 960:965 biofilm matrix 952:965 biofilm matrix 952:965 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 6 42 theme electron 1318:1325 arg1 SEM 1339:1341 SEM 1339:1341 SEM 1339:1341 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 42 theme electron 1318:1325 arg1 microscopy 1327:1336 scanning electron microscopy 1309:1336 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1309:1342 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 43 theme electrode 522:530 arg1 nanoparticles 614:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles 591:626 hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs) 591:637 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 43 theme electrode 522:530 arg1 nano-composite 653:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 rGO-HBCs nano-composite 644:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 43 theme electrode 522:530 arg1 modifiers 532:540 different electrode modifiers 512:540 different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite 512:666 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 43 theme electrode 522:530 arg1 nanosheets 579:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 7 44 theme different 1584:1592 arg1 stresses 1594:1601 different stresses 1584:1601 different stresses 1584:1601 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 2 45 theme present 241:247 arg1 study 249:253 the present study 237:253 the present study 237:253 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 6 46 theme cell 1217:1220 arg1 wall 1222:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 bacterial cell wall 1207:1225 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 1 47 theme valuable 131:138 arg1 insights 140:147 valuable insights 131:147 valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications 131:220 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 0 48 theme electrode 60:68 arg1 surfaces 70:77 nanostructured electrode surfaces 45:77 nanostructured electrode surfaces 45:77 Online-monitoring of biofilm formation using nanostructured electrode surfaces. 30948051 4 49 theme biofilm 952:958 arg1 matrix 960:965 biofilm matrix 952:965 biofilm matrix 952:965 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 5 50 theme biofilm 1121:1127 arg1 formation 1129:1137 the biofilm formation 1117:1137 the biofilm formation 1117:1137 Our results demonstrated that electrode modifications with conductive nanostructured elements is highly sensitive and enable direct assay for the biofilm formation without any preachments. 30948051 4 51 theme planktonic 902:911 arg1 active 894:899 active 894:899 active 894:899 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 4 51 theme planktonic 902:911 arg1 state 913:917 planktonic state 902:917 planktonic state 902:917 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 3 52 theme oxide 567:571 arg1 nanosheets 579:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 6 53 theme biofilm 1276:1282 arg1 matrix 1284:1289 the biofilm matrix 1272:1289 the biofilm matrix 1272:1289 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 54 theme wall 1369:1372 arg1 composition 1383:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 55 theme biofilm 734:740 arg1 progression 742:752 biofilm progression 734:752 biofilm progression 734:752 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 4 56 theme cells 851:855 arg1 responses 816:824 the bioelectrochemical responses 793:824 the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells 793:855 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 7 57 theme microbial 1476:1484 arg1 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 MES 1510:1512 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 7 57 theme microbial 1476:1484 arg1 system 1502:1507 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) 1463:1513 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 2 58 theme aeruginosa 358:367 arg1 biofilm 344:350 biofilm 344:350 biofilm of P. aeruginosa 344:367 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 4 59 theme bioelectrochemical 797:814 arg1 responses 816:824 the bioelectrochemical responses 793:824 the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells 793:855 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 6 60 theme cell 1364:1367 arg1 composition 1383:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 3 61 theme electrode 711:719 arg1 materials 721:729 the electrode materials 707:729 the electrode materials 707:729 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 4 62 theme bacterial 841:849 arg1 cells 851:855 the adhered bacterial cells 829:855 the adhered bacterial cells 829:855 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 3 63 theme reduced 550:556 arg1 rGO 574:576 rGO 574:576 rGO 574:576 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 3 63 theme reduced 550:556 arg1 oxide 567:571 reduced graphene oxide 550:571 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets 550:588 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 4 64 theme anodic 773:778 arg1 respiration 780:790 the anodic respiration 769:790 the anodic respiration 769:790 As a need for the anodic respiration, the bioelectrochemical responses of the adhered bacterial cells changed from a non-electrochemically active (planktonic state) to an electrochemically active (biofilm matrix) state. 30948051 3 65 theme materials 721:729 arg1 influence 694:702 the influence 690:702 the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression 690:752 Through the assay optimizations, the performances of different electrode modifiers such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets, hyperbranched chitosan nanoparticles (HBCs NPs), and rGO-HBCs nano-composite were tested to assess the influence of the electrode materials on biofilm progression. 30948051 2 66 theme bioelectrochemical 272:289 arg1 platforms 291:299 nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms 256:299 nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms 256:299 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 6 67 theme planktonic 1252:1261 arg1 state 1263:1267 the planktonic state 1248:1267 the planktonic state 1248:1267 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 1 68 theme industrial 158:167 arg1 processes 169:177 the industrial processes 154:177 the industrial processes 154:177 The direct monitoring of biofilm formation enables valuable insights into the industrial processes, microbiology, and biomedical applications. 30948051 6 69 from changes 1353:1359 arg1 composition 1383:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 cell wall chemical composition 1364:1393 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 7 70 theme exchanges 1643:1651 arg1 measurements 1618:1629 direct measurements 1611:1629 direct measurements of electron exchanges 1611:1651 Thus, the designed microbial electrochemical system (MES) was successfully used to monitor changes in the biofilm matrix under different stresses through direct measurements of electron exchanges. 30948051 2 71 theme nano-structured 256:270 arg1 platforms 291:299 nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms 256:299 nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms 256:299 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 2 72 theme electrochemical/morphological 395:423 arg1 changes 425:431 its electrochemical/morphological changes 391:431 its electrochemical/morphological changes 391:431 Therefore, in the present study, nano-structured bioelectrochemical platforms were designed for sensing the formation of biofilm of P. aeruginosa along with monitoring its electrochemical/morphological changes under different stresses. 30948051 6 73 theme X-ray 1435:1439 arg1 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 EDX 1451:1453 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 30948051 6 73 theme X-ray 1435:1439 arg1 analysis 1441:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis 1413:1448 the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) 1413:1454 Consequently, the morphological changes in bacterial cell wall, upon switching from the planktonic state to the biofilm matrix were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the changes in cell wall chemical composition were monitored by the Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). 31299517 5 0 theme excellent 880:888 arg1 stability 898:906 excellent storage stability 880:906 excellent storage stability 880:906 Furthermore, the CMSiM-Aa-IFTase displayed good reusability and excellent storage stability. 31299517 6 1 theme silica 1055:1060 arg1 microspheres 1062:1073 mesoporous silica microspheres 1044:1073 mesoporous silica microspheres 1044:1073 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 4 2 theme resulting 654:662 arg1 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 664:678 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 650:678 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 650:678 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 0 3 theme silica 99:104 arg1 microspheres 106:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 68:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 68:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 2 4 link cross-linked 404:415 arg1 aggregates 427:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was constructed by co-entrapping cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates and curdlan into biomemitic silica, and the curdlan was subsequently removed by digestion with endo-β-1,3-glucanase. 31299517 2 5 theme Aa-IFTase 417:425 arg1 aggregates 427:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was constructed by co-entrapping cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates and curdlan into biomemitic silica, and the curdlan was subsequently removed by digestion with endo-β-1,3-glucanase. 31299517 1 6 theme curdlan-based 287:299 arg1 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 6 theme curdlan-based 287:299 arg1 microspheres 319:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 287:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 287:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 0 7 theme efficient 123:131 arg1 production 133:142 efficient production 123:142 efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 123:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 7 8 theme mesoporous 1354:1363 arg1 composites 1365:1374 various mesoporous composites 1346:1374 various mesoporous composites 1346:1374 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 3 9 from pores 620:624 arg1 microspheres 636:647 silica microspheres 629:647 silica microspheres 629:647 During this process, the curdlan served as an agent to introduce pores in silica microspheres. 31299517 1 10 theme mesoporous 301:310 arg1 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 10 theme mesoporous 301:310 arg1 microspheres 319:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 287:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 287:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 6 11 from aggregates 1015:1024 arg1 structure 976:984 the combinational structure 958:984 the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties 958:1186 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 1 12 theme silica 312:317 arg1 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 12 theme silica 312:317 arg1 microspheres 319:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 287:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 287:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 6 13 from shell 1035:1039 arg1 structure 976:984 the combinational structure 958:984 the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties 958:1186 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 14 theme hard 1030:1033 arg1 shell 1035:1039 hard shell 1030:1039 hard shell 1030:1039 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 7 15 theme Difructose 1252:1261 arg1 Anhydride 1263:1271 Difructose Anhydride III 1252:1275 Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III) 1252:1285 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 7 15 theme Difructose 1252:1261 arg1 DFA 1278:1280 DFA III 1278:1284 DFA III 1278:1284 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 6 16 theme catalytic 923:931 arg1 performances 933:944 The excellent catalytic performances 909:944 The excellent catalytic performances 909:944 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 16 theme catalytic 923:931 arg1 due 951:953 due 951:953 due 951:953 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 4 17 theme cross-linked 768:779 arg1 enzyme 781:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 5 18 theme good 859:862 arg1 reusability 864:874 good reusability 859:874 good reusability 859:874 Furthermore, the CMSiM-Aa-IFTase displayed good reusability and excellent storage stability. 31299517 0 19 from aurescens 53:61 arg1 fructotransferase 17:33 inulin fructotransferase 10:33 inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 10:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 7 20 theme Anhydride 1263:1271 arg1 production 1238:1247 efficient production 1228:1247 efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III) 1228:1285 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 6 21 theme excellent 913:921 arg1 performances 933:944 The excellent catalytic performances 909:944 The excellent catalytic performances 909:944 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 21 theme excellent 913:921 arg1 due 951:953 due 951:953 due 951:953 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 22 dep aggregates 1015:1024 arg1 the 991:993 the 991:993 the 991:993 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 0 23 theme inulin 10:15 arg1 fructotransferase 17:33 inulin fructotransferase 10:33 inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 10:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 5 24 theme storage 890:896 arg1 stability 898:906 excellent storage stability 880:906 excellent storage stability 880:906 Furthermore, the CMSiM-Aa-IFTase displayed good reusability and excellent storage stability. 31299517 1 25 from microspheres 319:330 arg1 embedded 275:282 embedded 275:282 embedded 275:282 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 2 26 theme biomemitic 455:464 arg1 silica 466:471 biomemitic silica 455:471 biomemitic silica 455:471 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was constructed by co-entrapping cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates and curdlan into biomemitic silica, and the curdlan was subsequently removed by digestion with endo-β-1,3-glucanase. 31299517 6 27 theme mesoporous 1044:1053 arg1 microspheres 1062:1073 mesoporous silica microspheres 1044:1073 mesoporous silica microspheres 1044:1073 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 1 28 theme inulin 210:215 arg1 fructotransferase 217:233 inulin fructotransferase 210:233 inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 210:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 7 29 theme various 1346:1352 arg1 composites 1365:1374 various mesoporous composites 1346:1374 various mesoporous composites 1346:1374 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 0 30 theme Anhydride 158:166 arg1 production 133:142 efficient production 123:142 efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 123:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 4 31 theme free 722:725 arg1 Aa-IFTase 727:735 free Aa-IFTase 722:735 free Aa-IFTase 722:735 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 6 32 theme negative 1101:1108 arg1 interaction 1110:1120 the negative interaction 1097:1120 the negative interaction between support and enzyme 1097:1147 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 0 33 theme Difructose 147:156 arg1 Anhydride 158:166 Difructose Anhydride III 147:170 Difructose Anhydride III 147:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 6 34 theme enzyme 1008:1013 arg1 aggregates 1015:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 3 35 theme silica 629:634 arg1 microspheres 636:647 silica microspheres 629:647 silica microspheres 629:647 During this process, the curdlan served as an agent to introduce pores in silica microspheres. 31299517 6 36 theme cross-linked 995:1006 arg1 aggregates 1015:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 4 37 link cross-linked 768:779 arg1 enzyme 781:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 4 38 theme modified 759:766 arg1 enzyme 781:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 modified cross-linked enzyme 759:786 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 39 theme Arthrobacter 240:251 arg1 Aa-IFTase 264:272 Aa-IFTase 264:272 Aa-IFTase 264:272 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 39 theme Arthrobacter 240:251 arg1 aurescens 253:261 Arthrobacter aurescens 240:261 Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 240:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 0 40 theme Arthrobacter 40:51 arg1 aurescens 53:61 Arthrobacter aurescens 40:61 Arthrobacter aurescens 40:61 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 0 41 theme novel 68:72 arg1 microspheres 106:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 68:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 68:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 1 42 from aurescens 253:261 arg1 fructotransferase 217:233 inulin fructotransferase 210:233 inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 210:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 2 43 theme cross-linked 404:415 arg1 aggregates 427:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates 404:436 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was constructed by co-entrapping cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates and curdlan into biomemitic silica, and the curdlan was subsequently removed by digestion with endo-β-1,3-glucanase. 31299517 1 44 from embedded 275:282 arg1 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 CMSiM-Aa-IFTase 333:347 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 44 from embedded 275:282 arg1 microspheres 319:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 287:330 curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 287:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 2 45 with digestion 518:526 arg1 endo-β-1,3-glucanase 533:552 endo-β-1,3-glucanase 533:552 endo-β-1,3-glucanase 533:552 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was constructed by co-entrapping cross-linked Aa-IFTase aggregates and curdlan into biomemitic silica, and the curdlan was subsequently removed by digestion with endo-β-1,3-glucanase. 31299517 4 46 dep mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase 741:756 arg1 aggregates 788:797 aggregates 788:797 aggregates with Aa-IFTase 788:812 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 6 47 theme combinational 962:974 arg1 structure 976:984 the combinational structure 958:984 the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties 958:1186 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 48 theme mechanical 1166:1175 arg1 properties 1177:1186 the mechanical properties 1162:1186 the mechanical properties 1162:1186 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 7 49 theme efficient 1228:1236 arg1 production 1238:1247 efficient production 1228:1247 efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III) 1228:1285 The CMSiM-Aa-IFTase was applicable for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III (DFA III), and this approach should be highly valuable for preparing various mesoporous composites for catalysis. 31299517 6 50 link cross-linked 995:1006 arg1 aggregates 1015:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 4 51 theme higher 687:692 arg1 stability 694:702 higher stability 687:702 higher stability 687:702 The resulting CMSiM-Aa-IFTase showed higher stability and activity than free Aa-IFTase and mCLEAs-Aa-IFTase (modified cross-linked enzyme aggregates with Aa-IFTase). 31299517 0 52 theme mesoporous 88:97 arg1 microspheres 106:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 68:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 68:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 0 53 theme curdlan-based 74:86 arg1 microspheres 106:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres 68:117 novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III 68:170 Embedding inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens into novel curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres for efficient production of Difructose Anhydride III. 31299517 6 54 theme microspheres 1062:1073 arg1 aggregates 1015:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 cross-linked enzyme aggregates 995:1024 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 6 54 theme microspheres 1062:1073 arg1 shell 1035:1039 hard shell 1030:1039 hard shell 1030:1039 The excellent catalytic performances were due to the combinational structure from the cross-linked enzyme aggregates and hard shell of mesoporous silica microspheres, which might decrease the negative interaction between support and enzyme, and improve the mechanical properties. 31299517 1 55 used used 194:197 arg2 strategy 181:188 A novel strategy 173:188 A novel strategy 173:188 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 56 theme novel 175:179 arg1 strategy 181:188 A novel strategy 173:188 A novel strategy 173:188 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 57 theme embedded 275:282 arg1 Aa-IFTase 264:272 Aa-IFTase 264:272 Aa-IFTase 264:272 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 31299517 1 57 theme embedded 275:282 arg1 aurescens 253:261 Arthrobacter aurescens 240:261 Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase) 240:348 A novel strategy was used to produce inulin fructotransferase from Arthrobacter aurescens (Aa-IFTase) embedded in curdlan-based mesoporous silica microspheres (CMSiM-Aa-IFTase). 30606572 5 0 theme polymer 1066:1072 arg1 matrix 1074:1079 the same polymer matrix 1057:1079 the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%) 1057:1097 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 0 theme polymer 1066:1072 arg1 % 1096:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 6 1 theme surface 1235:1241 arg1 deposition 1243:1252 a continuous surface deposition 1222:1252 a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer 1222:1277 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 0 2 theme tissue 83:88 arg1 regeneration 90:101 tissue regeneration 83:101 tissue regeneration 83:101 Chitosan and polyethylene glycol based membranes with antibacterial properties for tissue regeneration. 30606572 4 3 theme cytotoxic 799:807 arg1 effects 809:815 no cytotoxic effects 796:815 no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line 796:842 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 1 4 theme biomaterials 273:284 arg1 field 264:268 the field 260:268 the field of biomaterials 260:284 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 3 5 from coatings 608:615 arg1 regeneration 577:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 6 6 theme membranes 1139:1147 arg1 degradation 1110:1120 A gradual degradation 1100:1120 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) 1100:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 6 7 theme immersion 1158:1166 arg1 time 1168:1171 the immersion time 1154:1171 the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) 1154:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 2 8 theme oxide 495:499 arg1 particles 420:428 particles 420:428 particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) 420:505 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 5 9 theme non-doped 1033:1041 arg1 membrane 1043:1050 the non-doped membrane 1029:1050 the non-doped membrane 1029:1050 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 10 theme ionic 898:902 arg1 species 904:910 ionic species 898:910 ionic species 898:910 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 2 11 theme membranes 345:353 arg1 development 320:330 the development 316:330 the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 316:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 12 theme copper 488:493 arg1 CuO 502:504 CuO 502:504 CuO 502:504 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 12 theme copper 488:493 arg1 oxide 495:499 copper oxide 488:499 copper oxide (CuO) 488:505 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 6 13 theme continuous 1224:1233 arg1 deposition 1243:1252 a continuous surface deposition 1222:1252 a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer 1222:1277 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 4 14 theme CS 712:713 arg1 mass 704:707 the mass 700:707 the mass of CS 700:713 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 1 15 theme superficial 191:201 arg1 wounds 203:208 superficial wounds 191:208 superficial wounds 191:208 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 6 16 theme layer 1273:1277 arg1 deposition 1243:1252 a continuous surface deposition 1222:1252 a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer 1222:1277 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 2 17 theme present 291:297 arg1 study 299:303 The present study 287:303 The present study 287:303 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 18 theme oxide 472:476 arg1 particles 420:428 particles 420:428 particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) 420:505 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 6 19 theme body 1186:1189 arg1 fluid 1191:1195 simulated body fluid 1176:1195 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1176:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 6 19 theme body 1186:1189 arg1 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 2 20 theme composite 335:343 arg1 membranes 345:353 composite membranes 335:353 composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 335:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 5 21 from powders 921:927 arg1 matrix 887:892 the CS/PEG matrix 876:892 the CS/PEG matrix 876:892 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 21 from powders 921:927 arg1 species 904:910 ionic species 898:910 ionic species 898:910 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 2 22 theme phosphate 450:458 arg1 particles 420:428 particles 420:428 particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) 420:505 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 6 23 theme composite 1129:1137 arg1 membranes 1139:1147 the composite membranes 1125:1147 the composite membranes 1125:1147 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 4 24 theme % 679:679 arg1 addition 666:673 the addition 662:673 the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide 662:734 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 4 25 dep % 679:679 arg1 w/w 682:684 w/w 682:684 w/w - relative to the mass of CS 682:713 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 2 26 theme calcium 442:448 arg1 phosphate 450:458 biphasic calcium phosphate 433:458 biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) 433:464 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 26 theme calcium 442:448 arg1 BCP 461:463 BCP 461:463 BCP 461:463 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 4 27 theme metal 724:728 arg1 oxide 730:734 each metal oxide 719:734 each metal oxide 719:734 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 6 28 theme apatite 1265:1271 arg1 layer 1273:1277 uniform apatite layer 1257:1277 uniform apatite layer 1257:1277 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 4 29 theme satisfactory 745:756 arg1 activity 773:780 satisfactory bacteriostatic activity 745:780 satisfactory bacteriostatic activity 745:780 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 5 30 theme CS/PEG 880:885 arg1 matrix 887:892 the CS/PEG matrix 876:892 the CS/PEG matrix 876:892 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 0 31 theme polyethylene 13:24 arg1 glycol 26:31 polyethylene glycol 13:31 polyethylene glycol 13:31 Chitosan and polyethylene glycol based membranes with antibacterial properties for tissue regeneration. 30606572 6 32 theme uniform 1257:1263 arg1 layer 1273:1277 uniform apatite layer 1257:1277 uniform apatite layer 1257:1277 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 3 33 theme implants 620:627 arg1 applications 554:565 intended applications 545:565 intended applications in tissue regeneration 545:588 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 3 33 theme implants 620:627 arg1 coatings 608:615 antibacterial coatings 594:615 antibacterial coatings of implants 594:627 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 4 34 theme relative 688:695 arg1 w/w 682:684 w/w 682:684 w/w - relative to the mass of CS 682:713 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 3 35 from applications 554:565 arg1 regeneration 577:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 1 36 theme implantable 159:169 arg1 devices 179:185 implantable medical devices 159:185 implantable medical devices 159:185 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 2 37 theme zinc 467:470 arg1 ZnO 479:481 ZnO 479:481 ZnO 479:481 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 37 theme zinc 467:470 arg1 oxide 472:476 zinc oxide 467:476 zinc oxide (ZnO) 467:482 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 38 theme Chitosan 358:365 arg1 PEG 393:395 PEG 393:395 PEG 393:395 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 38 theme Chitosan 358:365 arg1 glycol 385:390 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol 358:390 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 358:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 5 39 theme cross-linking 942:954 arg1 degree 956:961 the cross-linking degree 938:961 the cross-linking degree 938:961 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 40 with comparison 1015:1024 arg1 matrix 1074:1079 the same polymer matrix 1057:1079 the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%) 1057:1097 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 40 with comparison 1015:1024 arg1 % 1096:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 1 41 theme main 232:235 arg1 strategies 246:255 the main research strategies 228:255 the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials 228:284 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 2 42 theme matrix 398:403 arg1 membranes 345:353 composite membranes 335:353 composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 335:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 4 43 theme oxide 730:734 arg1 % 679:679 1% 678:679 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide 678:734 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 4 43 theme oxide 730:734 arg1 oxide 730:734 each metal oxide 719:734 each metal oxide 719:734 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 1 44 theme research 237:244 arg1 strategies 246:255 the main research strategies 228:255 the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials 228:284 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 0 45 theme antibacterial 54:66 arg1 properties 68:77 antibacterial properties 54:77 antibacterial properties for tissue regeneration 54:101 Chitosan and polyethylene glycol based membranes with antibacterial properties for tissue regeneration. 30606572 4 46 theme cell 834:837 arg1 line 839:842 the Vero cell line 825:842 the Vero cell line 825:842 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 4 47 theme bacteriostatic 758:771 arg1 activity 773:780 satisfactory bacteriostatic activity 745:780 satisfactory bacteriostatic activity 745:780 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 1 48 theme microbial 122:130 arg1 infections 132:141 microbial infections 122:141 microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds 122:208 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 4 49 theme Vero 829:832 arg1 line 839:842 the Vero cell line 825:842 the Vero cell line 825:842 It was found that the addition of 1% (w/w - relative to the mass of CS) of each metal oxide promoted satisfactory bacteriostatic activity and exhibited no cytotoxic effects towards the Vero cell line. 30606572 5 50 theme mechanical 967:976 arg1 properties 978:987 mechanical properties 967:987 mechanical properties of composite membranes 967:1010 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 3 51 theme intended 545:552 arg1 applications 554:565 intended applications 545:565 intended applications in tissue regeneration 545:588 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 1 52 theme infections 132:141 arg1 prevention 108:117 The prevention 104:117 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds 104:208 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 1 53 from strategies 246:255 arg1 field 264:268 the field 260:268 the field of biomaterials 260:284 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 6 54 from time 1168:1171 arg1 fluid 1191:1195 simulated body fluid 1176:1195 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1176:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 6 54 from time 1168:1171 arg1 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 1 55 theme strategies 246:255 arg1 strategies 246:255 the main research strategies 228:255 the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials 228:284 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 1 55 theme strategies 246:255 arg1 one 221:223 one 221:223 one 221:223 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 5 56 theme composite 992:1000 arg1 membranes 1002:1010 composite membranes 992:1010 composite membranes 992:1010 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 3 57 theme antibacterial 594:606 arg1 coatings 608:615 antibacterial coatings 594:615 antibacterial coatings of implants 594:627 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 1 58 theme medical 171:177 arg1 devices 179:185 implantable medical devices 159:185 implantable medical devices 159:185 The prevention of microbial infections associated with implantable medical devices and superficial wounds represents one of the main research strategies in the field of biomaterials. 30606572 5 59 theme bonds 862:866 arg1 formation 849:857 The formation 845:857 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders 845:927 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 6 60 theme simulated 1176:1184 arg1 fluid 1191:1195 simulated body fluid 1176:1195 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1176:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 6 60 theme simulated 1176:1184 arg1 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 SBF 1198:1200 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 5 61 theme membranes 1002:1010 arg1 degree 956:961 the cross-linking degree 938:961 the cross-linking degree 938:961 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 61 theme membranes 1002:1010 arg1 properties 978:987 mechanical properties 967:987 mechanical properties of composite membranes 967:1010 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 3 62 theme tissue 570:575 arg1 regeneration 577:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 tissue regeneration 570:588 The properties that are relevant for intended applications in tissue regeneration and antibacterial coatings of implants were assessed. 30606572 2 63 theme glycol 385:390 arg1 matrix 398:403 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 358:403 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 358:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 6 64 theme gradual 1102:1108 arg1 degradation 1110:1120 A gradual degradation 1100:1120 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) 1100:1201 A gradual degradation of the composite membranes over the immersion time in simulated body fluid (SBF) was accompanied by a continuous surface deposition of uniform apatite layer. 30606572 5 65 theme same 1061:1064 arg1 matrix 1074:1079 the same polymer matrix 1057:1079 the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%) 1057:1097 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 5 65 theme same 1061:1064 arg1 % 1096:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 CS/PEG = 70/30% 1082:1096 The formation of bonds between the CS/PEG matrix and ionic species from the powders enhanced the cross-linking degree and mechanical properties of composite membranes in comparison to the non-doped membrane with the same polymer matrix (CS/PEG = 70/30%). 30606572 2 66 theme biphasic 433:440 arg1 phosphate 450:458 biphasic calcium phosphate 433:458 biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) 433:464 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 66 theme biphasic 433:440 arg1 BCP 461:463 BCP 461:463 BCP 461:463 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 67 theme -Polyethylene 371:383 arg1 PEG 393:395 PEG 393:395 PEG 393:395 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30606572 2 67 theme -Polyethylene 371:383 arg1 glycol 385:390 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol 358:390 Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix 358:403 The present study reports on the development of composite membranes of Chitosan (CS)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix, incorporating particles of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). 30246402 0 0 theme solid 84:88 arg1 wood 90:93 solid wood 84:93 solid wood 84:93 Dichomitus squalens partially tailors its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood. 30246402 7 1 theme natural 1375:1381 arg1 environment 1383:1393 the natural environment 1371:1393 the natural environment 1371:1393 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 2 2 theme xylan 448:452 arg1 content 454:460 higher xylan content 441:460 higher xylan content 441:460 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 5 3 located detected 892:899 arg1 cultures 910:917 birch cultures 904:917 birch cultures 904:917 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 5 3 located detected 892:899 arg2 activity 879:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 2 4 theme softwood 335:342 arg1 [guaiacyl 344:352 softwood [guaiacyl 335:352 softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] 335:390 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 4 theme softwood 335:342 arg1 G 355:355 G 355:355 G 355:355 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 4 5 dep response 638:645 arg1 measured 650:657 measured 650:657 measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities 650:710 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. 30246402 6 6 theme G-lignin 1095:1102 arg1 spruce 1109:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 0 7 theme wood 90:93 arg1 composition 69:79 the composition 65:79 the composition of solid wood 65:93 Dichomitus squalens partially tailors its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood. 30246402 6 8 theme manganese 944:952 arg1 peroxidases 954:964 manganese peroxidases 944:964 manganese peroxidases 944:964 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 2 9 theme solid 482:486 arg1 cultures 488:495 semi-natural solid cultures 469:495 semi-natural solid cultures 469:495 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 5 10 theme birch 904:908 arg1 cultures 910:917 birch cultures 904:917 birch cultures 904:917 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 2 11 from differences 320:330 arg1 [guaiacyl 344:352 softwood [guaiacyl 335:352 softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] 335:390 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 11 from differences 320:330 arg1 S/G 425:427 S/G 425:427 S/G 425:427 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 11 from differences 320:330 arg1 [syringyl/guaiacyl 405:422 hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl 396:422 hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] 396:461 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 11 from differences 320:330 arg1 G 355:355 G 355:355 G 355:355 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 12 dep G 355:355 arg1 content 383:389 higher mannan content 369:389 higher mannan content 369:389 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 12 dep G 355:355 arg1 lignin 358:363 lignin 358:363 lignin 358:363 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 1 13 theme wood 154:157 arg1 components 159:168 all wood components 150:168 all wood components 150:168 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 2 14 theme semi-natural 469:480 arg1 cultures 488:495 semi-natural solid cultures 469:495 semi-natural solid cultures 469:495 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 5 15 theme higher 860:865 arg1 activity 879:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 2 16 theme higher 441:446 arg1 content 454:460 higher xylan content 441:460 higher xylan content 441:460 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 5 17 theme Mannanolytic 760:771 arg1 transcripts 773:783 Mannanolytic transcripts 760:783 Mannanolytic transcripts 760:783 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 5 18 theme spruce 820:825 arg1 cultures 827:834 spruce cultures 820:834 spruce cultures 820:834 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 2 19 dep S/G 425:427 arg1 lignin 430:435 lignin 430:435 lignin 430:435 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 19 dep S/G 425:427 arg1 content 454:460 higher xylan content 441:460 higher xylan content 441:460 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 0 20 theme Dichomitus 0:9 arg1 squalens 11:18 Dichomitus squalens 0:18 Dichomitus squalens 0:18 Dichomitus squalens partially tailors its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood. 30246402 6 21 located observed 1079:1086 arg1 spruce 1109:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 6 21 located observed 1079:1086 arg2 levels 1038:1043 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 levels 1038:1043 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 6 21 located observed 1079:1086 arg2 transcript 1015:1024 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 transcript 1015:1024 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 3 22 theme hardwood 527:534 arg1 sticks 537:542 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks 498:542 sticks 537:542 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks were degraded by D. squalens as measured by oxidation of the lignins using 2D-NMR. 30246402 4 23 theme fungal 631:636 arg1 response 638:645 The fungal response 627:645 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities 627:710 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. 30246402 1 24 theme White-rot 96:104 arg1 squalens 132:139 Dichomitus squalens 121:139 Dichomitus squalens 121:139 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 1 24 theme White-rot 96:104 arg1 fungi 106:110 White-rot fungi 96:110 White-rot fungi 96:110 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 1 25 theme mixed-wood 182:191 arg1 forests 193:199 mixed-wood forests 182:199 mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species 182:242 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 2 26 theme hardwood 396:403 arg1 S/G 425:427 S/G 425:427 S/G 425:427 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 2 26 theme hardwood 396:403 arg1 [syringyl/guaiacyl 405:422 hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl 396:422 hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] 396:461 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 6 27 theme wood 925:928 arg1 types 930:934 Both wood types 920:934 Both wood types 920:934 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 3 28 theme Spruce 498:503 arg1 softwood 506:513 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks 498:542 softwood 506:513 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks were degraded by D. squalens as measured by oxidation of the lignins using 2D-NMR. 30246402 3 29 theme birch 520:524 arg1 sticks 537:542 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks 498:542 sticks 537:542 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks were degraded by D. squalens as measured by oxidation of the lignins using 2D-NMR. 30246402 7 30 theme birch 1211:1215 arg1 composition 1217:1227 birch composition 1211:1227 a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition 1163:1227 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 0 31 theme molecular 42:50 arg1 responses 52:60 its molecular responses 38:60 its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood 38:93 Dichomitus squalens partially tailors its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood. 30246402 7 32 theme molecular 1130:1138 arg1 responses 1140:1148 the molecular responses 1126:1148 the molecular responses 1126:1148 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 2 33 theme higher 369:374 arg1 content 383:389 higher mannan content 369:389 higher mannan content 369:389 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 7 34 theme wood 1346:1349 arg1 cultures 1351:1358 the solid wood cultures 1336:1358 the solid wood cultures 1336:1358 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 6 35 theme higher 976:981 arg1 level 983:987 a much higher level 969:987 a much higher level than laccases 969:1001 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 2 36 theme mannan 376:381 arg1 content 383:389 higher mannan content 369:389 higher mannan content 369:389 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 5 37 from abundant 808:815 arg1 cultures 827:834 spruce cultures 820:834 spruce cultures 820:834 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 5 38 theme xylanolytic 867:877 arg1 activity 879:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity 843:886 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 7 39 from softwoods 1285:1293 arg1 nature 1298:1303 nature 1298:1303 nature 1298:1303 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 7 40 dep D. 1247:1248 arg1 squalens 1250:1257 D. squalens 1247:1257 D. squalens 1247:1257 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 6 41 theme rich 1104:1107 arg1 spruce 1109:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 the G-lignin rich spruce 1091:1114 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 2 42 dep D. 277:278 arg1 squalens 280:287 D. squalens 277:287 D. squalens 277:287 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 1 43 contain containing 201:210 arg1 forests 193:199 mixed-wood forests 182:199 mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species 182:242 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 1 43 contain containing 201:210 arg2 species 236:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 7 44 theme solid 1340:1344 arg1 cultures 1351:1358 the solid wood cultures 1336:1358 the solid wood cultures 1336:1358 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 2 45 theme compositional 306:318 arg1 differences 320:330 the compositional differences 302:330 the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures 302:495 In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi-natural solid cultures. 30246402 4 46 theme enzyme 694:699 arg1 activities 701:710 enzyme activities 694:710 enzyme activities 694:710 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. 30246402 1 47 theme soft- 217:221 arg1 species 236:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 4 48 theme partial 721:727 arg1 tailoring 729:737 a partial tailoring 719:737 a partial tailoring to wood composition 719:757 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. 30246402 5 49 from cultures 827:834 arg1 abundant 808:815 abundant 808:815 abundant 808:815 Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. 30246402 1 50 theme Dichomitus 121:130 arg1 squalens 132:139 Dichomitus squalens 121:139 Dichomitus squalens 121:139 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 3 51 theme lignins 605:611 arg1 oxidation 588:596 oxidation 588:596 oxidation of the lignins using 2D-NMR 588:624 Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks were degraded by D. squalens as measured by oxidation of the lignins using 2D-NMR. 30246402 6 52 theme higher 1008:1013 arg1 transcript 1015:1024 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 transcript 1015:1024 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 6 53 theme peroxidases 1062:1072 arg1 transcript 1015:1024 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 transcript 1015:1024 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 6 53 theme peroxidases 1062:1072 arg1 levels 1038:1043 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 levels 1038:1043 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 6 54 theme protein 1030:1036 arg1 levels 1038:1043 higher transcript and protein levels 1008:1043 levels 1038:1043 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 1 55 theme hardwood 227:234 arg1 species 236:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 both soft- and hardwood species 212:242 White-rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens, degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed-wood forests containing both soft- and hardwood species. 30246402 4 56 theme wood 742:745 arg1 composition 747:757 wood composition 742:757 wood composition 742:757 The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. 30246402 6 57 theme manganese 1052:1060 arg1 peroxidases 1062:1072 the manganese peroxidases 1048:1072 the manganese peroxidases 1048:1072 Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G-lignin rich spruce. 30246402 7 58 theme cultures 1351:1358 arg1 ability 1325:1331 the ability 1321:1331 the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment 1321:1393 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30246402 7 59 theme stronger 1165:1172 arg1 adaptation 1174:1183 a stronger adaptation 1163:1183 a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition 1163:1227 Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment. 30480516 0 0 theme Polyethylene 77:88 arg1 Glycol 90:95 Polyethylene Glycol 77:95 Polyethylene Glycol 77:95 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 0 1 with Graft 39:43 arg1 Layer 59:63 an Inner Layer 50:63 an Inner Layer 50:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 8 2 theme Composite 1149:1157 arg1 grafts 1159:1164 Composite grafts 1149:1164 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery 1149:1205 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 7 3 theme cellular 1091:1098 arg1 growth 1100:1105 cellular growth 1091:1105 cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1091:1146 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 9 4 theme small-caliber 1515:1527 arg1 vessels 1535:1541 small-caliber blood vessels 1515:1541 small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency 1515:1564 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 2 5 theme /Collagen 299:307 arg1 nanofibers 314:323 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers 252:323 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 252:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 4 6 from growth 603:608 arg1 layer 692:696 the inner layer 682:696 the inner layer 682:696 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 8 7 theme composite 1388:1396 arg1 graft 1398:1402 the composite graft 1384:1402 the composite graft 1384:1402 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 4 8 theme blood 784:788 arg1 compatibility 790:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 5 9 from MSN-PEG-Heparin 809:823 arg1 surface 838:844 the fiber surface 828:844 the fiber surface 828:844 The MSN-PEG-Heparin on the fiber surface was observed in vitro during the degradation of the inner layer. 30480516 2 10 theme degradable 252:261 arg1 PLGA 294:297 PLGA 294:297 PLGA 294:297 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 10 theme degradable 252:261 arg1 Poly 263:266 degradable Poly 252:266 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 252:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 10 theme degradable 252:261 arg1 acid 287:290 lactic-co-glycolic acid 268:290 lactic-co-glycolic acid 268:290 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 4 11 contain had 775:777 arg2 compatibility 790:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 11 contain had 775:777 arg1 layer 769:773 the inner layer 759:773 the inner layer 759:773 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 9 12 with vessels 1535:1541 arg1 patency 1558:1564 long-term patency 1548:1564 long-term patency 1548:1564 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 2 13 theme cell 442:445 arg1 proliferation 447:459 cell proliferation 442:459 cell proliferation 442:459 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 9 14 theme functional 1462:1471 arg1 layer 1479:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 4 15 theme good 779:782 arg1 compatibility 790:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 good blood compatibility 779:802 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 7 16 theme PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin 1114:1131 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 0 17 dep Haparin 101:107 arg1 Vessel 133:138 the Blood Vessel 123:138 Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel 101:138 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 8 18 theme rabbit 1185:1190 arg1 artery 1200:1205 the rabbit carotid artery 1181:1205 the rabbit carotid artery 1181:1205 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 7 19 theme degradation 1041:1051 arg1 process 1053:1059 the degradation process 1037:1059 the degradation process 1037:1059 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 4 20 theme inner 686:690 arg1 layer 692:696 the inner layer 682:696 the inner layer 682:696 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 2 21 theme mesoporous 337:346 arg1 nanoparticles 355:367 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 337:367 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 337:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 21 theme mesoporous 337:346 arg1 MSN 370:372 MSN 370:372 MSN 370:372 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 7 22 theme inner 979:983 arg1 layer 985:989 The inner layer 975:989 The inner layer 975:989 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 9 23 theme long-term 1548:1556 arg1 patency 1558:1564 long-term patency 1548:1564 long-term patency 1548:1564 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 0 24 theme Bilayer 12:18 arg1 Graft 39:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft 0:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer 0:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 4 25 theme inner 763:767 arg1 layer 769:773 the inner layer 759:773 the inner layer 759:773 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 5 26 theme layer 904:908 arg1 degradation 879:889 the degradation 875:889 the degradation of the inner layer 875:908 The MSN-PEG-Heparin on the fiber surface was observed in vitro during the degradation of the inner layer. 30480516 4 27 theme cells 664:668 arg1 proliferation 614:626 proliferation 614:626 proliferation 614:626 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 27 theme cells 664:668 arg1 growth 603:608 growth 603:608 growth 603:608 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 9 28 contain has 1486:1488 arg1 graft 1448:1452 the composite graft 1434:1452 the composite graft 1434:1452 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 9 28 contain has 1486:1488 arg2 potential 1490:1498 potential 1490:1498 potential 1490:1498 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 0 29 theme Electrospun 0:10 arg1 Graft 39:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft 0:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer 0:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 2 30 theme lactic-co-glycolic 268:285 arg1 Poly 263:266 degradable Poly 252:266 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 252:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 30 theme lactic-co-glycolic 268:285 arg1 acid 287:290 lactic-co-glycolic acid 268:290 lactic-co-glycolic acid 268:290 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 8 31 theme H&E 1237:1239 arg1 staining 1265:1272 H&E and immunohistochemical staining 1237:1272 staining 1265:1272 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 6 32 theme membrane 946:953 arg1 weight 930:935 the weight 926:935 the weight of fiber membrane 926:953 After 60 days, the weight of fiber membrane decreased by 92.4%. 30480516 0 33 theme Vascular 30:37 arg1 Graft 39:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft 0:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer 0:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 4 34 theme endothelial 652:662 arg1 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 34 theme endothelial 652:662 arg1 cells 664:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 631:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 631:677 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 1 35 with graft 189:193 arg1 layers 204:209 two layers 200:209 two layers 200:209 In this study, we prepared a composite vascular graft with two layers. 30480516 9 36 theme inner 1473:1477 arg1 layer 1479:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 1 37 theme composite 170:178 arg1 graft 189:193 a composite vascular graft 168:193 a composite vascular graft with two layers 168:209 In this study, we prepared a composite vascular graft with two layers. 30480516 0 38 theme Composite 20:28 arg1 Graft 39:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft 0:43 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer 0:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 4 39 dep growth 603:608 arg1 The 599:601 The 599:601 The 599:601 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 2 40 theme Poly 263:266 arg1 PC 310:311 PC 310:311 PC 310:311 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 40 theme Poly 263:266 arg1 /Collagen 299:307 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen 252:307 degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 252:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 1 41 theme vascular 180:187 arg1 graft 189:193 a composite vascular graft 168:193 a composite vascular graft with two layers 168:209 In this study, we prepared a composite vascular graft with two layers. 30480516 4 42 theme blood 719:723 arg1 testing 739:745 blood compatibility testing 719:745 blood compatibility testing 719:745 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 8 43 theme carotid 1192:1198 arg1 artery 1200:1205 the rabbit carotid artery 1181:1205 the rabbit carotid artery 1181:1205 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 9 44 with graft 1448:1452 arg1 layer 1479:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 a functional inner layer 1460:1483 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 8 45 dep muscle 1347:1352 arg1 αSMA-labeled 1355:1366 αSMA-labeled 1355:1366 αSMA-labeled 1355:1366 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 0 46 theme Blood 127:131 arg1 Vessel 133:138 the Blood Vessel 123:138 Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel 101:138 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 8 47 theme muscle 1347:1352 arg1 monolayer 1296:1304 a monolayer 1294:1304 a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) 1294:1367 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 8 48 dep endothelium 1309:1319 arg1 CD31-labeled 1322:1333 CD31-labeled 1322:1333 CD31-labeled 1322:1333 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 2 49 theme silica 348:353 arg1 nanoparticles 355:367 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 337:367 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) 337:373 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 49 theme silica 348:353 arg1 MSN 370:372 MSN 370:372 MSN 370:372 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 50 theme polyethylene 393:404 arg1 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 2 50 theme polyethylene 393:404 arg1 glycol 406:411 polyethylene glycol 393:411 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 393:417 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 8 51 theme immunohistochemical 1245:1263 arg1 staining 1265:1272 H&E and immunohistochemical staining 1237:1272 staining 1265:1272 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 8 52 theme smooth 1340:1345 arg1 muscle 1347:1352 smooth muscle 1340:1352 smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) 1340:1367 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 4 53 theme human 631:635 arg1 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 53 theme human 631:635 arg1 cells 664:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 631:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 631:677 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 7 54 theme inflammatory 1008:1019 arg1 reaction 1021:1028 an inflammatory reaction 1005:1028 an inflammatory reaction 1005:1028 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 2 55 theme blood 476:480 arg1 compatibility 482:494 blood compatibility 476:494 blood compatibility 476:494 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 4 56 theme compatibility 725:737 arg1 testing 739:745 blood compatibility testing 719:745 blood compatibility testing 719:745 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 9 57 theme blood 1529:1533 arg1 vessels 1535:1541 small-caliber blood vessels 1515:1541 small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency 1515:1564 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 8 58 theme endothelium 1309:1319 arg1 monolayer 1296:1304 a monolayer 1294:1304 a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) 1294:1367 Composite grafts implanted into the rabbit carotid artery were evaluated for 8 weeks by H&E and immunohistochemical staining, demonstrating that a monolayer of endothelium (CD31-labeled) and smooth muscle (αSMA-labeled) regenerated on the composite graft. 30480516 3 59 theme PU 544:545 arg1 nanofibers 548:557 polyurethane (PU) nanofibers 530:557 polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support 530:596 The outer layer was comprised of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support. 30480516 4 60 theme vein 647:650 arg1 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 60 theme vein 647:650 arg1 cells 664:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 631:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 631:677 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 7 61 dep was 1079:1081 arg1 uniform 1083:1089 uniform 1083:1089 was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1079:1146 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 7 62 from growth 1100:1105 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 5 63 theme inner 898:902 arg1 layer 904:908 the inner layer 894:908 the inner layer 894:908 The MSN-PEG-Heparin on the fiber surface was observed in vitro during the degradation of the inner layer. 30480516 4 64 theme umbilical 637:645 arg1 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 HUVECs 671:676 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 4 64 theme umbilical 637:645 arg1 cells 664:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 631:668 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 631:677 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30480516 5 65 theme fiber 832:836 arg1 surface 838:844 the fiber surface 828:844 the fiber surface 828:844 The MSN-PEG-Heparin on the fiber surface was observed in vitro during the degradation of the inner layer. 30480516 3 66 theme mechanical 579:588 arg1 support 590:596 mechanical support 579:596 mechanical support 579:596 The outer layer was comprised of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support. 30480516 3 67 theme polyurethane 530:541 arg1 nanofibers 548:557 polyurethane (PU) nanofibers 530:557 polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support 530:596 The outer layer was comprised of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support. 30480516 6 68 theme fiber 940:944 arg1 membrane 946:953 fiber membrane 940:953 fiber membrane 940:953 After 60 days, the weight of fiber membrane decreased by 92.4%. 30480516 7 69 theme fiber 1133:1137 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane 1110:1146 The inner layer did not cause an inflammatory reaction during the degradation process in vivo and there was uniform cellular growth on the PC/MSN-PEG-Heparin fiber membrane. 30480516 0 70 theme Inner 53:57 arg1 Layer 59:63 an Inner Layer 50:63 an Inner Layer 50:63 Electrospun Bilayer Composite Vascular Graft with an Inner Layer Modified by Polyethylene Glycol and Haparin to Regenerate the Blood Vessel. 30480516 2 71 theme inner 216:220 arg1 layer 222:226 The inner layer 212:226 The inner layer 212:226 The inner layer, which was comprised of degradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Collagen (PC) nanofibers modified by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and heparin to promote cell proliferation and to improve blood compatibility. 30480516 9 72 theme composite 1438:1446 arg1 graft 1448:1452 the composite graft 1434:1452 the composite graft 1434:1452 Our results demonstrate that the composite graft, with a functional inner layer, has potential to be used for small-caliber blood vessels with long-term patency. 30480516 3 73 theme outer 501:505 arg1 layer 507:511 The outer layer 497:511 The outer layer 497:511 The outer layer was comprised of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers in order to provide mechanical support. 30480516 4 74 from proliferation 614:626 arg1 layer 692:696 the inner layer 682:696 the inner layer 682:696 The growth and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the inner layer was significant, and blood compatibility testing showed that the inner layer had good blood compatibility. 30557647 3 0 theme amylose 453:459 arg1 content 461:467 the highest amylose content 441:467 the highest amylose content (42.65%) 441:476 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 0 theme amylose 453:459 arg1 % 475:475 42.65% 470:475 42.65% 470:475 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 5 1 theme onset 678:682 arg1 temperature 684:694 onset temperature 678:694 onset temperature (To) 678:699 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 1 theme onset 678:682 arg1 temperature 707:717 peak temperature 702:717 peak temperature (Tp) 702:722 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 1 theme onset 678:682 arg1 temperature 736:746 conclusion temperature 725:746 conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) 725:800 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 1 2 theme foam 281:284 arg1 trays 286:290 foam trays 281:290 foam trays 281:290 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 6 3 theme water 948:952 arg1 capacity 965:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 6 3 theme water 948:952 arg1 related 990:996 related 990:996 related 990:996 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 6 4 theme foam 843:846 arg1 trays 848:852 The novel foam trays 833:852 The novel foam trays 833:852 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 5 5 theme sweet 634:638 arg1 starch 647:652 sweet potato starch 634:652 sweet potato starch 634:652 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 1 6 theme trays 286:290 arg1 production 267:276 the production 263:276 the production of foam trays 263:290 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 5 7 dep temperature 736:746 arg1 72.83 °C 764:771 72.83 °C 764:771 72.83 °C 764:771 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 7 dep temperature 736:746 arg1 81.20 °C 778:785 81.20 °C 778:785 81.20 °C 778:785 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 7 dep temperature 736:746 arg1 67.64 °C 754:761 67.64 °C 754:761 67.64 °C 754:761 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 oca 173:175 oca 173:175 oca (Oxalis tuberosa) 173:193 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 arracacha 137:145 arracacha 137:145 arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) 137:170 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 potato 206:211 sweet potato 200:211 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 200:229 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 xanthorrhiza 158:169 xanthorrhiza 158:169 xanthorrhiza 158:169 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 tuberosa 185:192 Oxalis tuberosa 178:192 Oxalis tuberosa 178:192 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 8 dep crops 129:133 arg1 crops 129:133 three Andean-native crops 109:133 three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - 109:231 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 6 9 theme novel 837:841 arg1 trays 848:852 The novel foam trays 833:852 The novel foam trays 833:852 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 5 10 theme potato 640:645 arg1 starch 647:652 sweet potato starch 634:652 sweet potato starch 634:652 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 7 11 theme sweet 1039:1043 arg1 potato 1045:1050 sweet potato and oca starch trays 1039:1071 potato 1045:1050 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 5 12 theme starch 647:652 arg1 crystallinity 617:629 The highest crystallinity 605:629 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch 605:652 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 2 13 theme proximal 334:341 arg1 composition 343:353 their proximal composition 328:353 their proximal composition 328:353 The starches were characterized in their proximal composition, crystallinity, microstructure and thermal properties. 30557647 0 14 theme Biodegradable 0:12 arg1 tray 19:22 Biodegradable foam tray 0:22 Biodegradable foam tray 0:22 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 0 15 theme foam 14:17 arg1 tray 19:22 Biodegradable foam tray 0:22 Biodegradable foam tray 0:22 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 5 16 theme larger 661:666 arg1 values 668:673 larger values 661:673 larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) 661:800 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 2 17 theme thermal 390:396 arg1 properties 398:407 thermal properties 390:407 thermal properties 390:407 The starches were characterized in their proximal composition, crystallinity, microstructure and thermal properties. 30557647 0 18 attach isolated 42:49 arg1 species 75:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 0 18 attach isolated 42:49 arg2 starches 33:40 starches 33:40 starches isolated from different Peruvian species 33:81 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 6 19 theme % 977:977 arg1 capacity 965:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 6 19 theme % 977:977 arg1 related 990:996 related 990:996 related 990:996 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 4 20 theme sweet 570:574 arg1 potato 576:581 sweet potato 570:581 sweet potato 570:581 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 7 21 theme starch 1160:1165 arg1 trays 1167:1171 arracacha starch trays 1150:1171 arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa) 1150:1182 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 7 21 theme starch 1160:1165 arg1 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 5 22 theme peak 702:705 arg1 Tp 720:721 Tp 720:721 Tp 720:721 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 22 theme peak 702:705 arg1 temperature 707:717 peak temperature 702:717 peak temperature (Tp) 702:722 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 22 theme peak 702:705 arg1 temperature 684:694 onset temperature 678:694 onset temperature (To) 678:699 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 3 23 theme lowest 486:491 arg1 content 501:507 the lowest protein content 482:507 the lowest protein content (0.30%) 482:515 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 23 theme lowest 486:491 arg1 % 514:514 0.30% 510:514 0.30% 510:514 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 24 theme sweet 414:418 arg1 starch 427:432 The sweet potato starch 410:432 The sweet potato starch 410:432 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 5 25 theme highest 609:615 arg1 crystallinity 617:629 The highest crystallinity 605:629 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch 605:652 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 1 26 dep potato 206:211 arg1 batatas 222:228 Ipomoea batatas 214:228 Ipomoea batatas 214:228 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 3 27 theme protein 493:499 arg1 content 501:507 the lowest protein content 482:507 the lowest protein content (0.30%) 482:515 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 27 theme protein 493:499 arg1 % 514:514 0.30% 510:514 0.30% 510:514 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 28 theme potato 420:425 arg1 starch 427:432 The sweet potato starch 410:432 The sweet potato starch 410:432 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 5 29 theme temperature 684:694 arg1 values 668:673 larger values 661:673 larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) 661:800 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 1 30 theme Andean-native 115:127 arg1 crops 129:133 three Andean-native crops 109:133 three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - 109:231 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 30 theme Andean-native 115:127 arg1 potato 206:211 sweet potato 200:211 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 200:229 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 30 theme Andean-native 115:127 arg1 oca 173:175 oca 173:175 oca (Oxalis tuberosa) 173:193 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 30 theme Andean-native 115:127 arg1 arracacha 137:145 arracacha 137:145 arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) 137:170 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 6 31 theme low 902:904 arg1 density 906:912 low density 902:912 low density 902:912 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 7 32 theme tensile 1085:1091 arg1 strength 1093:1100 high tensile strength 1080:1100 high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) 1080:1134 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 1 33 theme raw 246:248 arg1 material 250:257 a raw material 244:257 a raw material for the production of foam trays 244:290 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 5 34 theme conclusion 725:734 arg1 temperature 684:694 onset temperature 678:694 onset temperature (To) 678:699 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 34 theme conclusion 725:734 arg1 Tc 749:750 Tc 749:750 Tc 749:750 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 5 34 theme conclusion 725:734 arg1 temperature 736:746 conclusion temperature 725:746 conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) 725:800 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 4 35 dep larger 547:552 arg1 10-30 μm 555:562 10-30 μm 555:562 10-30 μm 555:562 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 6 36 theme absorption 954:963 arg1 capacity 965:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 a water absorption capacity 946:972 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 6 36 theme absorption 954:963 arg1 related 990:996 related 990:996 related 990:996 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 3 37 theme highest 445:451 arg1 content 461:467 the highest amylose content 441:467 the highest amylose content (42.65%) 441:476 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 3 37 theme highest 445:451 arg1 % 475:475 42.65% 470:475 42.65% 470:475 The sweet potato starch showed the highest amylose content (42.65%) and the lowest protein content (0.30%). 30557647 1 38 attach isolated 95:102 arg1 crops 129:133 three Andean-native crops 109:133 three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - 109:231 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 38 attach isolated 95:102 arg1 potato 206:211 sweet potato 200:211 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 200:229 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 38 attach isolated 95:102 arg1 oca 173:175 oca 173:175 oca (Oxalis tuberosa) 173:193 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 38 attach isolated 95:102 arg2 Starch 84:89 Starch 84:89 Starch 84:89 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 38 attach isolated 95:102 arg1 arracacha 137:145 arracacha 137:145 arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) 137:170 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 6 39 theme low 1020:1022 arg1 density 1024:1030 their porosity and low density 1001:1030 their porosity and low density 1001:1030 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 7 40 theme oca 1056:1058 arg1 trays 1067:1071 sweet potato and oca starch trays 1039:1071 trays 1067:1071 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 7 41 theme starch 1060:1065 arg1 trays 1067:1071 sweet potato and oca starch trays 1039:1071 trays 1067:1071 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 6 42 theme >50 974:976 arg1 % 977:977 % 977:977 % 977:977 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 4 43 theme oca 522:524 arg1 larger 547:552 larger 547:552 larger 547:552 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 4 43 theme oca 522:524 arg1 granules 533:540 The oca starch granules 518:540 The oca starch granules 518:540 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 7 44 theme arracacha 1150:1158 arg1 trays 1167:1171 arracacha starch trays 1150:1171 arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa) 1150:1182 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 7 44 theme arracacha 1150:1158 arg1 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 0.52 MPa 1174:1181 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 6 45 theme foam 928:931 arg1 trays 933:937 all foam trays 924:937 all foam trays 924:937 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 7 46 dep strength 1093:1100 arg1 0.65 MPa 1112:1119 0.65 MPa 1112:1119 0.65 MPa 1112:1119 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 7 46 dep strength 1093:1100 arg1 0.67 1103:1106 0.67 1103:1106 0.67 1103:1106 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 1 47 theme sweet 200:204 arg1 potato 206:211 sweet potato 200:211 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 200:229 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 47 theme sweet 200:204 arg1 crops 129:133 three Andean-native crops 109:133 three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - 109:231 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 0 48 theme Peruvian 66:73 arg1 species 75:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 6 49 theme adequate 878:885 arg1 expansion 887:895 adequate expansion 878:895 adequate expansion 878:895 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 6 50 theme porosity 1007:1014 arg1 density 1024:1030 their porosity and low density 1001:1030 their porosity and low density 1001:1030 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 1 51 theme Oxalis 178:183 arg1 oca 173:175 oca 173:175 oca (Oxalis tuberosa) 173:193 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 1 51 theme Oxalis 178:183 arg1 tuberosa 185:192 Oxalis tuberosa 178:192 Oxalis tuberosa 178:192 Starch was isolated from three Andean-native crops - arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) - for use as a raw material for the production of foam trays. 30557647 4 52 theme arracacha 587:595 arg1 starch 597:602 arracacha starch 587:602 arracacha starch 587:602 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 6 53 theme good 861:864 arg1 appearance 866:875 good appearance 861:875 good appearance 861:875 The novel foam trays showed good appearance, adequate expansion, and low density; however, all foam trays showed a water absorption capacity >50%, which was related to their porosity and low density. 30557647 0 54 theme different 56:64 arg1 species 75:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 different Peruvian species 56:81 Biodegradable foam tray based on starches isolated from different Peruvian species. 30557647 7 55 theme high 1080:1083 arg1 strength 1093:1100 high tensile strength 1080:1100 high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) 1080:1134 Also, sweet potato and oca starch trays showed high tensile strength (0.67 and 0.65 MPa, respectively) compared with arracacha starch trays (0.52 MPa). 30557647 5 56 dep arracacha 807:815 arg1 starch 825:830 starch 825:830 starch 825:830 The highest crystallinity of sweet potato starch caused larger values of onset temperature (To), peak temperature (Tp), conclusion temperature (Tc) (67.64 °C, 72.83 °C, and 81.20 °C, respectively) than arracacha and oca starch. 30557647 4 57 theme starch 526:531 arg1 larger 547:552 larger 547:552 larger 547:552 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 30557647 4 57 theme starch 526:531 arg1 granules 533:540 The oca starch granules 518:540 The oca starch granules 518:540 The oca starch granules were larger (10-30 μm) than sweet potato and arracacha starch. 31746883 7 0 theme genus 1130:1134 arg1 level 1136:1140 the genus level 1126:1140 the genus level in HF-fed mice 1126:1155 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 8 1 theme steatosis 1279:1287 arg1 features 1261:1268 the HF-induced features 1246:1268 the HF-induced features of liver steatosis 1246:1287 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 2 2 from effects 298:304 arg1 metabolism 381:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 2 2 from effects 298:304 arg1 microbiota 407:416 intestinal microbiota 396:416 intestinal microbiota 396:416 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 6 3 theme p 1013:1013 arg1 Bacteroidetes 998:1010 Bacteroidetes 998:1010 Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05) 998:1021 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 3 theme p 1013:1013 arg1 > 1015:1015 p > 0.05 1013:1020 p > 0.05 1013:1020 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 5 4 theme SCD-1 804:808 arg1 expressions 823:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 6 5 theme phylum 930:935 arg1 level 937:941 the phylum level 926:941 the phylum level 926:941 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 6 theme rRNA 840:843 arg1 sequencing 850:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 7 theme ASKP 873:876 arg1 treatment 878:886 ASKP treatment 873:886 ASKP treatment 873:886 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 8 8 theme HF-induced 1250:1259 arg1 features 1261:1268 the HF-induced features 1246:1268 the HF-induced features of liver steatosis 1246:1287 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 4 9 theme glucose 602:608 arg1 tolerance 610:618 improved glucose tolerance 593:618 improved glucose tolerance 593:618 ASKP-treated mice displayed improved glucose tolerance and fully exhibited protection against hepatic steatosis. 31746883 5 10 theme fatty 759:763 arg1 acids 765:769 liver fatty acids 753:769 liver fatty acids 753:769 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 6 11 theme 16S 836:838 arg1 sequencing 850:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 2 12 theme modulatory 287:296 arg1 effects 298:304 the modulatory effects 283:304 the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water 283:442 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 6 13 theme Bacteroidetes 998:1010 arg1 decrease 950:957 a decrease 948:957 a decrease of Firmicutes 948:971 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 13 theme Bacteroidetes 998:1010 arg1 increase 986:993 a slight increase 977:993 a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05) 977:1021 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 5 14 theme acids 765:769 arg1 composition 738:748 the composition 734:748 the composition of liver fatty acids 734:769 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 8 15 theme microecosystem 1352:1365 arg1 maintenance 1322:1332 health maintenance 1315:1332 health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem 1315:1365 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 2 16 theme Krash 334:338 arg1 effects 298:304 the modulatory effects 283:304 the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water 283:442 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 0 17 from steatosis 64:72 arg1 mice 95:98 high fructose-fed mice 77:98 high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota 77:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 7 18 theme bacterium 1101:1109 arg1 Akkermansia 1111:1121 the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia 1081:1121 the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia 1081:1121 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 3 19 theme mice 470:473 arg1 Administration 445:458 Administration 445:458 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP 445:483 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP prevented fat accumulation and blunted metabolic inflammation and endotoxaemia. 31746883 1 20 theme diet-induced 166:177 arg1 steatosis 185:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 7 21 theme HF-fed 1145:1150 arg1 mice 1152:1155 HF-fed mice 1145:1155 HF-fed mice 1145:1155 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 6 22 theme microbial 905:913 arg1 species 915:921 the gut microbial species 897:921 the gut microbial species 897:921 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 23 theme slight 979:984 arg1 increase 986:993 a slight increase 977:993 a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05) 977:1021 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 8 24 theme beneficial 1185:1194 arg1 effects 1206:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects 1181:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP 1181:1220 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 1 25 theme liver 179:183 arg1 steatosis 185:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 0 26 theme sphaerocephala 10:23 arg1 polysaccharide 32:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 6 27 theme gut 901:903 arg1 species 915:921 the gut microbial species 897:921 the gut microbial species 897:921 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 5 28 theme hepatic 786:792 arg1 expressions 823:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 0 29 theme Artemisia 0:8 arg1 polysaccharide 32:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 7 30 theme mucin-degrading 1085:1099 arg1 Akkermansia 1111:1121 the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia 1081:1121 the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia 1081:1121 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 2 31 dep Krash 334:338 arg1 polysaccharide 345:358 seed polysaccharide 340:358 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) 309:365 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 2 31 dep Krash 334:338 arg1 ASKP 361:364 ASKP 361:364 ASKP 361:364 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 8 32 theme liver 1273:1277 arg1 steatosis 1279:1287 liver steatosis 1273:1287 liver steatosis 1273:1287 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 2 33 theme acid 376:379 arg1 metabolism 381:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 2 34 theme HF 435:436 arg1 water 438:442 HF water 435:442 HF water 435:442 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 4 35 theme ASKP-treated 565:576 arg1 mice 578:581 ASKP-treated mice 565:581 ASKP-treated mice 565:581 ASKP-treated mice displayed improved glucose tolerance and fully exhibited protection against hepatic steatosis. 31746883 3 36 with Administration 445:458 arg1 ASKP 480:483 ASKP 480:483 ASKP 480:483 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP prevented fat accumulation and blunted metabolic inflammation and endotoxaemia. 31746883 3 37 theme HF-fed 463:468 arg1 mice 470:473 HF-fed mice 463:473 HF-fed mice 463:473 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP prevented fat accumulation and blunted metabolic inflammation and endotoxaemia. 31746883 0 38 theme Krasch 25:30 arg1 polysaccharide 32:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide 0:45 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 4 39 theme improved 593:600 arg1 tolerance 610:618 improved glucose tolerance 593:618 improved glucose tolerance 593:618 ASKP-treated mice displayed improved glucose tolerance and fully exhibited protection against hepatic steatosis. 31746883 0 40 theme gut 131:133 arg1 microbiota 135:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 1 41 theme fructose 152:159 arg1 steatosis 185:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 0 42 theme hepatic 56:62 arg1 steatosis 64:72 hepatic steatosis 56:72 hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota 56:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 8 43 theme metabolic 1196:1204 arg1 effects 1206:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects 1181:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP 1181:1220 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 8 44 theme features 1261:1268 arg1 amelioration 1230:1241 amelioration 1230:1241 amelioration 1230:1241 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 1 45 theme intestinal 214:223 arg1 dysbiosis 236:244 intestinal microbiota dysbiosis 214:244 intestinal microbiota dysbiosis 214:244 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 2 46 theme intestinal 396:405 arg1 microbiota 407:416 intestinal microbiota 396:416 intestinal microbiota 396:416 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 6 47 theme Firmicutes 962:971 arg1 decrease 950:957 a decrease 948:957 a decrease of Firmicutes 948:971 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 6 47 theme Firmicutes 962:971 arg1 increase 986:993 a slight increase 977:993 a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05) 977:1021 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 5 48 theme liver 753:757 arg1 acids 765:769 liver fatty acids 753:769 liver fatty acids 753:769 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 2 49 from metabolism 381:390 arg1 mice 421:424 mice 421:424 mice fed with HF water 421:442 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 1 50 theme microbiota 225:234 arg1 dysbiosis 236:244 intestinal microbiota dysbiosis 214:244 intestinal microbiota dysbiosis 214:244 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 8 51 theme ASKP 1217:1220 arg1 effects 1206:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects 1181:1212 the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP 1181:1220 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 5 52 theme SREBP-1c 794:801 arg1 expressions 823:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 5 53 theme FAS 819:821 arg1 expressions 823:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 7 54 theme Akkermansia 1111:1121 arg1 proportion 1067:1076 the proportion 1063:1076 the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia 1063:1121 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 3 55 theme fat 495:497 arg1 accumulation 499:510 fat accumulation 495:510 fat accumulation 495:510 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP prevented fat accumulation and blunted metabolic inflammation and endotoxaemia. 31746883 7 56 from level 1136:1140 arg1 mice 1152:1155 HF-fed mice 1145:1155 HF-fed mice 1145:1155 Interestingly, ASKP markedly increased the proportion of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia at the genus level in HF-fed mice. 31746883 2 57 theme seed 340:343 arg1 polysaccharide 345:358 seed polysaccharide 340:358 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) 309:365 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 2 57 theme seed 340:343 arg1 ASKP 361:364 ASKP 361:364 ASKP 361:364 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 5 58 from changes 723:729 arg1 composition 738:748 the composition 734:748 the composition of liver fatty acids 734:769 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 0 59 from changes 116:122 arg1 microbiota 135:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 2 60 theme study 263:267 arg1 aim 251:253 The aim 247:253 The aim of this study 247:267 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 1 61 theme High 147:150 arg1 HF 162:163 HF 162:163 HF 162:163 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 1 61 theme High 147:150 arg1 fructose 152:159 High fructose 147:159 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis 147:193 High fructose (HF) diet-induced liver steatosis is associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. 31746883 8 62 theme intestinal 1341:1350 arg1 microecosystem 1352:1365 the intestinal microecosystem 1337:1365 the intestinal microecosystem 1337:1365 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 8 63 theme health 1315:1320 arg1 maintenance 1322:1332 health maintenance 1315:1332 health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem 1315:1365 These findings support the beneficial metabolic effects of ASKP through amelioration of the HF-induced features of liver steatosis, which is associated with health maintenance of the intestinal microecosystem. 31746883 0 64 theme fructose-fed 82:93 arg1 mice 95:98 high fructose-fed mice 77:98 high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota 77:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 6 65 theme gene 845:848 arg1 sequencing 850:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing 836:859 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that ASKP treatment modified the gut microbial species at the phylum level with a decrease of Firmicutes and a slight increase of Bacteroidetes (p > 0.05). 31746883 2 66 from microbiota 407:416 arg1 mice 421:424 mice 421:424 mice fed with HF water 421:442 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 2 67 theme fatty 370:374 arg1 metabolism 381:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 fatty acid metabolism 370:390 The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krash seed polysaccharide (ASKP) on fatty acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota in mice fed with HF water. 31746883 4 68 theme hepatic 659:665 arg1 steatosis 667:675 hepatic steatosis 659:675 hepatic steatosis 659:675 ASKP-treated mice displayed improved glucose tolerance and fully exhibited protection against hepatic steatosis. 31746883 0 69 theme high 77:80 arg1 mice 95:98 high fructose-fed mice 77:98 high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota 77:144 Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide prevents hepatic steatosis in high fructose-fed mice associated with changes in the gut microbiota. 31746883 5 70 theme ACC 811:813 arg1 expressions 823:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions 786:833 Besides, ASKP was effective in improving the changes in the composition of liver fatty acids via modulating hepatic SREBP-1c, SCD-1, ACC and FAS expressions. 31746883 3 71 theme metabolic 524:532 arg1 inflammation 534:545 metabolic inflammation 524:545 metabolic inflammation 524:545 Administration of HF-fed mice with ASKP prevented fat accumulation and blunted metabolic inflammation and endotoxaemia. 30797807 6 0 theme Differential 998:1009 arg1 DSC 1033:1035 DSC 1033:1035 DSC 1033:1035 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 6 0 theme Differential 998:1009 arg1 Calorimetry 1020:1030 Differential Scanning Calorimetry 998:1030 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 998:1036 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 7 1 theme Electron 1113:1120 arg1 SEM 1134:1136 SEM 1134:1136 SEM 1134:1136 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 7 1 theme Electron 1113:1120 arg1 Microscopy 1122:1131 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1104:1131 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study 1100:1143 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 7 2 theme films 1188:1192 arg1 morphology 1156:1165 the morphology 1152:1165 the morphology of treated composite films 1152:1192 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 2 3 theme physicochemical 387:401 arg1 evaluation 403:412 different physicochemical evaluation 377:412 different physicochemical evaluation 377:412 To the formed films different physicochemical evaluation were performed which showed an initial character of the films. 30797807 7 4 theme Scanning 1104:1111 arg1 SEM 1134:1136 SEM 1134:1136 SEM 1134:1136 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 7 4 theme Scanning 1104:1111 arg1 Microscopy 1122:1131 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1104:1131 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study 1100:1143 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 7 5 theme Microscopy 1122:1131 arg1 study 1139:1143 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study 1100:1143 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study 1100:1143 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 8 6 theme release 1207:1213 arg1 studies 1215:1221 The kinetic release studies 1195:1221 The kinetic release studies 1195:1221 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 2 7 theme different 377:385 arg1 evaluation 403:412 different physicochemical evaluation 377:412 different physicochemical evaluation 377:412 To the formed films different physicochemical evaluation were performed which showed an initial character of the films. 30797807 9 8 theme clinical 1398:1405 arg1 importance 1407:1416 clinical importance 1398:1416 clinical importance 1398:1416 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 0 9 theme well-designed 107:119 arg1 platform 135:142 A well-designed drug delivery platform 105:142 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 8 10 from films 1282:1286 arg1 release 1242:1248 a sustained release 1230:1248 a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films 1230:1286 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 8 11 theme composite 1314:1322 arg1 film 1324:1327 composite film 1314:1327 composite film 1314:1327 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 1 12 theme different 283:291 arg1 degrees 293:299 different degrees 283:299 different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process 283:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 5 13 theme matrices 918:925 arg1 quality 894:900 the quality 890:900 the quality of the produced matrices 890:925 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 4 14 theme films 736:740 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 4 15 theme water 691:695 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 9 16 theme prepared 1334:1341 arg1 film 1383:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 0 17 theme delivery 126:133 arg1 platform 135:142 A well-designed drug delivery platform 105:142 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 8 18 theme formulated 1271:1280 arg1 films 1282:1286 the formulated films 1267:1286 the formulated films 1267:1286 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 5 19 theme external 851:858 arg1 agent 873:877 external crosslinking agent 851:877 external crosslinking agent 851:877 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 0 20 theme drug 121:124 arg1 platform 135:142 A well-designed drug delivery platform 105:142 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 6 21 dep Calorimetry 1020:1030 arg1 analysis 1090:1097 analysis 1090:1097 analysis 1090:1097 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 8 22 theme kinetic 1199:1205 arg1 studies 1215:1221 The kinetic release studies 1195:1221 The kinetic release studies 1195:1221 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 5 23 dep various 931:937 arg1 uses 939:942 uses 939:942 uses 939:942 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 6 24 theme Scanning 1011:1018 arg1 DSC 1033:1035 DSC 1033:1035 DSC 1033:1035 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 6 24 theme Scanning 1011:1018 arg1 Calorimetry 1020:1030 Differential Scanning Calorimetry 998:1030 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 998:1036 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 8 25 theme drug 1257:1260 arg1 release 1242:1248 a sustained release 1230:1248 a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films 1230:1286 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 7 26 theme treated 1170:1176 arg1 films 1188:1192 treated composite films 1170:1192 treated composite films 1170:1192 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 3 27 dep thicker 541:547 arg1 % 616:616 2.3% 613:616 2.3% 613:616 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 3 27 dep thicker 541:547 arg1 51.9-52.9 MPa 580:592 51.9-52.9 MPa 580:592 51.9-52.9 MPa 580:592 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 3 27 dep thicker 541:547 arg1 0.031-0.038 mm 550:563 0.031-0.038 mm 550:563 0.031-0.038 mm 550:563 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 6 28 theme Infrared 1060:1067 arg1 FT-IR 1083:1087 FT-IR 1083:1087 FT-IR 1083:1087 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 6 28 theme Infrared 1060:1067 arg1 Spectroscopy 1069:1080 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 1042:1080 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) 1042:1088 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 1 29 theme calcium 194:200 arg1 films 211:215 the calcium alginate films 190:215 the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process 190:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 5 30 attach cross-linked 823:834 arg3 presence 839:846 presence 839:846 presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses 839:942 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 0 31 dep film 99:102 arg1 platform 135:142 A well-designed drug delivery platform 105:142 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 1 32 theme alginate 202:209 arg1 films 211:215 the calcium alginate films 190:215 the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process 190:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 3 33 link non-cross-linked 630:645 arg1 films 647:651 those non-cross-linked films 624:651 those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%) 624:678 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 1 34 theme cross-linking 304:316 arg1 degrees 293:299 different degrees 283:299 different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process 283:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 2 35 theme films 470:474 arg1 character 453:461 an initial character 442:461 an initial character of the films 442:474 To the formed films different physicochemical evaluation were performed which showed an initial character of the films. 30797807 4 36 theme lower 685:689 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 3 37 theme external 504:511 arg1 process 522:528 this external gelation process 499:528 this external gelation process 499:528 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 0 38 theme polymeric 51:59 arg1 networks 61:68 interpenetrating polymeric networks 34:68 interpenetrating polymeric networks 34:68 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 4 39 theme vapor 697:701 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 7 40 theme composite 1178:1186 arg1 films 1188:1192 treated composite films 1170:1192 treated composite films 1170:1192 The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) study showed the morphology of treated composite films. 30797807 5 41 theme crosslinking 860:871 arg1 agent 873:877 external crosslinking agent 851:877 external crosslinking agent 851:877 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 0 42 theme interpenetrating 34:49 arg1 networks 61:68 interpenetrating polymeric networks 34:68 interpenetrating polymeric networks 34:68 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 1 43 theme external 330:337 arg1 process 348:354 external gelation process 330:354 external gelation process 330:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 5 44 theme Composite 800:808 arg1 films 810:814 Composite films 800:814 Composite films 800:814 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 1 45 theme diclofenac 229:238 arg1 sodium 240:245 diclofenac sodium 229:245 diclofenac sodium 229:245 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 1 46 theme gelation 339:346 arg1 process 348:354 external gelation process 330:354 external gelation process 330:354 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 8 47 theme sustained 1232:1240 arg1 release 1242:1248 a sustained release 1230:1248 a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films 1230:1286 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 4 48 theme permeability 703:714 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 0 49 theme networks 61:68 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 0 49 theme networks 61:68 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 9 50 theme biodegradable 1343:1355 arg1 film 1383:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 6 51 theme Fourier-Transform 1042:1058 arg1 FT-IR 1083:1087 FT-IR 1083:1087 FT-IR 1083:1087 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 6 51 theme Fourier-Transform 1042:1058 arg1 Spectroscopy 1069:1080 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 1042:1080 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) 1042:1088 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 2 52 theme formed 364:369 arg1 films 371:375 the formed films 360:375 the formed films 360:375 To the formed films different physicochemical evaluation were performed which showed an initial character of the films. 30797807 4 53 theme WVP 717:719 arg1 values 722:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values 681:727 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films 681:740 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 9 54 theme Ca-Alginate 1357:1367 arg1 film 1383:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 8 55 from prolonged 1301:1309 arg1 film 1324:1327 composite film 1314:1327 composite film 1314:1327 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 3 56 theme non-cross-linked 630:645 arg1 films 647:651 those non-cross-linked films 624:651 those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%) 624:678 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 3 57 theme gelation 513:520 arg1 process 522:528 this external gelation process 499:528 this external gelation process 499:528 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 8 58 from film 1324:1327 arg1 prolonged 1301:1309 prolonged 1301:1309 prolonged 1301:1309 The kinetic release studies showed a sustained release of the drug from the formulated films as it can be prolonged in composite film. 30797807 6 59 theme film 973:976 arg1 characterization 949:964 The characterization 945:964 The characterization of the film 945:976 The characterization of the film was performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. 30797807 3 60 dep films 647:651 arg1 0.029 mm 654:661 0.029 mm 654:661 0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4% 654:677 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 4 61 theme maximum 762:768 arg1 level 770:774 maximum level 762:774 maximum level of crosslinking 762:790 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 5 62 theme produced 909:916 arg1 matrices 918:925 the produced matrices 905:925 the produced matrices 905:925 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 3 63 dep 0.029 mm 654:661 arg1 39.7 MPa 664:671 39.7 MPa 664:671 0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4% 654:677 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 3 63 dep 0.029 mm 654:661 arg1 % 677:677 4.4% 674:677 0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4% 654:677 The films produced by this external gelation process were found thicker (0.031-0.038 mm) and stronger (51.9-52.9 MPa) but less elastic (2.3%) than those non-cross-linked films (0.029 mm; 39.7 MPa; 4.4%). 30797807 0 64 theme alginate 90:97 arg1 film 99:102 bio-composite alginate film 76:102 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 2 65 theme initial 445:451 arg1 character 453:461 an initial character 442:461 an initial character of the films 442:474 To the formed films different physicochemical evaluation were performed which showed an initial character of the films. 30797807 4 66 theme crosslinking 779:790 arg1 level 770:774 maximum level 762:774 maximum level of crosslinking 762:790 The lower water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films were obtained where maximum level of crosslinking occurs. 30797807 5 67 theme agent 873:877 arg1 presence 839:846 presence 839:846 presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses 839:942 Composite films can be cross-linked in presence of external crosslinking agent to improve the quality of the produced matrices for various uses. 30797807 9 68 theme therapeutic 1426:1436 arg1 benefit 1438:1444 its therapeutic benefit 1422:1444 its therapeutic benefit 1422:1444 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 1 69 theme other 251:255 arg1 polymers 269:276 other hydrophilic polymers 251:276 other hydrophilic polymers 251:276 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 30797807 0 70 theme bio-composite 76:88 arg1 film 99:102 bio-composite alginate film 76:102 bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform 76:142 Synthesis and characterization of interpenetrating polymeric networks based bio-composite alginate film: A well-designed drug delivery platform. 30797807 9 71 theme bio-composite 1369:1381 arg1 film 1383:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film 1330:1386 The prepared biodegradable Ca-Alginate bio-composite film may be of clinical importance for its therapeutic benefit. 30797807 1 72 theme hydrophilic 257:267 arg1 polymers 269:276 other hydrophilic polymers 251:276 other hydrophilic polymers 251:276 This study aimed to develop and characterize the calcium alginate films loaded with diclofenac sodium and other hydrophilic polymers with different degrees of cross-linking obtained by external gelation process. 31581071 8 0 theme double 1201:1206 arg1 recognition 1208:1218 The orthogonal double recognition 1186:1218 The orthogonal double recognition 1186:1218 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 6 1 theme epitope 968:974 arg1 nanoparticles 1018:1030 the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles 956:1030 the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags 956:1051 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 5 2 theme imprinted 693:701 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 2 theme imprinted 693:701 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 6 3 theme epitope-imprinted 862:878 arg1 slide 914:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 10 4 from individual 1671:1680 arg1 differentiation 1618:1632 differentiation 1618:1632 differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual 1618:1680 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 10 5 theme cancer 1643:1648 arg1 patient 1650:1656 colon cancer patient 1637:1656 colon cancer patient 1637:1656 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 5 6 theme plasmonic 717:725 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 6 theme plasmonic 717:725 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 7 7 used used 1157:1160 arg2 CEA 1105:1107 CEA 1105:1107 CEA 1105:1107 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 7 used used 1157:1160 arg2 glycoprotein 1172:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 7 used used 1157:1160 arg2 antigen 1096:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen 1079:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1079:1108 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 7 used used 1157:1160 arg2 marker 1128:1133 a routinely used marker 1111:1133 a routinely used marker for colon cancer 1111:1150 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 11 8 theme multiple 1747:1754 arg1 advantages 1756:1765 multiple advantages 1747:1765 multiple advantages 1747:1765 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 8 theme multiple 1747:1754 arg1 so 1844:1845 so 1844:1845 so 1844:1845 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 8 theme multiple 1747:1754 arg1 procedure 1789:1797 simplified procedure 1778:1797 simplified procedure (6 steps) 1778:1807 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 6 9 theme capturing 923:931 arg1 substrate 933:941 capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans 923:1076 capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans 923:1076 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 5 10 theme dual 676:679 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 10 theme dual 676:679 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 6 11 theme different 831:839 arg1 types 841:845 two different types 827:845 two different types of MIPs 827:853 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 7 12 gly glycoprotein 1172:1183 arg1 antigen 1096:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen 1079:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1079:1108 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 12 gly glycoprotein 1172:1183 arg1 glycoprotein 1172:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 13 theme colon 1139:1143 arg1 cancer 1145:1150 colon cancer 1139:1150 colon cancer 1139:1150 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 0 14 theme glycoproteins 155:167 arg1 detection 142:150 specific detection 133:150 specific detection of glycoproteins 133:167 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 1 15 theme glycoproteins 244:256 arg1 detection 231:239 the detection 227:239 the detection of glycoproteins 227:256 Sensitive and specific detection methods are critical to the detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 12 16 from promise 1892:1898 arg1 applications 1908:1919 many applications 1903:1919 many applications 1903:1919 Therefore, this new approach holds great promise in many applications particularly clinical diagnosis. 31581071 2 17 dep antibodies 323:332 arg1 MIPs 395:398 MIPs 395:398 MIPs 395:398 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 2 17 dep antibodies 323:332 arg1 polymers 385:392 molecularly imprinted polymers 363:392 molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) 363:399 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 7 18 theme Carcinoembryonic 1079:1094 arg1 marker 1128:1133 a routinely used marker 1111:1133 a routinely used marker for colon cancer 1111:1150 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 18 theme Carcinoembryonic 1079:1094 arg1 antigen 1096:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen 1079:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1079:1108 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 18 theme Carcinoembryonic 1079:1094 arg1 glycoprotein 1172:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 18 theme Carcinoembryonic 1079:1094 arg1 CEA 1105:1107 CEA 1105:1107 CEA 1105:1107 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 6 19 theme glycans-imprinted 980:996 arg1 silver 1011:1016 glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver 980:1016 glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver 980:1016 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 2 20 used used 405:408 arg2 mimics 343:348 their mimics 337:348 their mimics particularly 337:361 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 2 20 used used 405:408 arg2 antibodies 323:332 antibodies 323:332 antibodies 323:332 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 0 21 theme double 86:91 arg1 strategy 120:127 A double characteristic recognition strategy 84:127 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 1 22 theme detection 193:201 arg1 methods 203:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods are critical to the detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 4 23 theme simultaneous 532:543 arg1 recognition 545:555 simultaneous recognition 532:555 simultaneous recognition towards the two characteristics 532:587 However, immunoassays based on simultaneous recognition towards the two characteristics have been scarcely explored so far. 31581071 11 24 theme reduced 1826:1832 arg1 cost 1834:1837 reduced cost 1826:1837 reduced cost 1826:1837 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 24 theme reduced 1826:1832 arg1 procedure 1789:1797 simplified procedure 1778:1797 simplified procedure (6 steps) 1778:1807 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 0 25 theme recognition 108:118 arg1 strategy 120:127 A double characteristic recognition strategy 84:127 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 2 26 theme specific 414:421 arg1 recognition 423:433 specific recognition 414:433 specific recognition 414:433 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 0 27 theme Orthogonal 0:9 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 12 28 theme many 1903:1906 arg1 applications 1908:1919 many applications 1903:1919 many applications 1903:1919 Therefore, this new approach holds great promise in many applications particularly clinical diagnosis. 31581071 3 29 gly glycoprotein 487:498 arg1 glycoprotein 487:498 a glycoprotein 485:498 a glycoprotein 485:498 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 0 30 theme polymer-based 38:50 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 9 31 theme plasmonic 1410:1418 arg1 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 9 31 theme plasmonic 1410:1418 arg1 detection 1446:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 6 32 theme -coated 906:912 arg1 slide 914:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 2 33 theme imprinted 375:383 arg1 MIPs 395:398 MIPs 395:398 MIPs 395:398 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 2 33 theme imprinted 375:383 arg1 polymers 385:392 molecularly imprinted polymers 363:392 molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) 363:399 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 0 34 theme immunosandwich 62:75 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 9 35 theme Raman 1440:1444 arg1 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 9 35 theme Raman 1440:1444 arg1 detection 1446:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 6 36 theme AuNPs 900:904 arg1 slide 914:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 10 37 theme human 1583:1587 arg1 serum 1589:1593 human serum 1583:1593 human serum 1583:1593 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 6 38 theme nanoparticles 885:897 arg1 slide 914:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 11 39 theme traditional 1701:1711 arg1 immunoassay 1713:1723 the traditional immunoassay 1697:1723 the traditional immunoassay 1697:1723 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 7 40 theme test 1167:1170 arg1 antigen 1096:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen 1079:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1079:1108 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 40 theme test 1167:1170 arg1 glycoprotein 1172:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 a test glycoprotein 1165:1183 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 8 41 theme orthogonal 1190:1199 arg1 recognition 1208:1218 The orthogonal double recognition 1186:1218 The orthogonal double recognition 1186:1218 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 6 42 theme peptide 960:966 arg1 epitope 968:974 the peptide epitope 956:974 the peptide epitope 956:974 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 1 43 gly glycoproteins 244:256 arg1 glycoproteins 244:256 glycoproteins 244:256 glycoproteins 244:256 Sensitive and specific detection methods are critical to the detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 10 44 theme patient 1650:1656 arg1 differentiation 1618:1632 differentiation 1618:1632 differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual 1618:1680 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 5 45 theme polymer-based 703:715 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 45 theme polymer-based 703:715 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 10 46 theme colon 1637:1641 arg1 patient 1650:1656 colon cancer patient 1637:1656 colon cancer patient 1637:1656 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 6 47 theme MIPs 850:853 arg1 types 841:845 two different types 827:845 two different types of MIPs 827:853 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 9 48 theme detection 1508:1516 arg1 limit 1499:1503 a limit 1497:1503 a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10) 1497:1545 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 5 49 theme orthogonal 665:674 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 49 theme orthogonal 665:674 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 9 50 theme 5.56 × 10-14 M 1521:1534 arg1 detection 1508:1516 detection 1508:1516 detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10) 1508:1545 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 8 51 theme epitope 1310:1316 arg1 recognition 1318:1328 epitope recognition 1310:1328 epitope recognition 1310:1328 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 10 52 theme healthy 1663:1669 arg1 individual 1671:1680 healthy individual 1663:1680 healthy individual 1663:1680 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 6 53 theme labeling 1035:1042 arg1 nanotags 1044:1051 labeling nanotags 1035:1051 labeling nanotags 1035:1051 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 7 54 theme used 1123:1126 arg1 marker 1128:1133 a routinely used marker 1111:1133 a routinely used marker for colon cancer 1111:1150 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 7 54 theme used 1123:1126 arg1 antigen 1096:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen 1079:1102 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1079:1108 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein. 31581071 8 55 theme maximum 1270:1276 arg1 cross-reactivity 1278:1293 the maximum cross-reactivity 1266:1293 the maximum cross-reactivity 1266:1293 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 5 56 theme immunosandwich 727:740 arg1 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 odMIP-PISA 749:758 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 5 56 theme immunosandwich 727:740 arg1 assay 742:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 665:746 orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 665:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 6 57 theme Raman-active 998:1009 arg1 silver 1011:1016 glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver 980:1016 glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver 980:1016 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 8 58 theme glycan 1344:1349 arg1 recognition 1351:1361 glycan recognition 1344:1361 glycan recognition 1344:1361 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 0 59 gly glycoproteins 155:167 arg1 glycoproteins 155:167 glycoproteins 155:167 glycoproteins 155:167 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 2 60 theme powerful 282:289 arg1 tool 291:294 a powerful tool 280:294 a powerful tool 280:294 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 2 60 theme powerful 282:289 arg1 Immunoassay 259:269 Immunoassay 259:269 Immunoassay 259:269 Immunoassay has been a powerful tool for this purpose, in which antibodies or their mimics particularly molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are used for specific recognition. 31581071 1 61 theme Sensitive 170:178 arg1 methods 203:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods are critical to the detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 10 62 from level 1574:1578 arg1 serum 1589:1593 human serum 1583:1593 human serum 1583:1593 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 0 63 theme characteristic 93:106 arg1 strategy 120:127 A double characteristic recognition strategy 84:127 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 1 64 theme specific 184:191 arg1 methods 203:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods 170:209 Sensitive and specific detection methods are critical to the detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 6 65 gly glycoprotein 811:822 arg1 glycoprotein 811:822 a target glycoprotein 802:822 a target glycoprotein 802:822 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 8 66 theme double 1375:1380 arg1 recognition 1382:1392 double recognition 1375:1392 double recognition 1375:1392 The orthogonal double recognition apparently improved the specificity, reducing the maximum cross-reactivity from 14.4% for epitope recognition and 15.2% for glycan recognition to 8.2% for double recognition. 31581071 0 67 theme specific 133:140 arg1 detection 142:150 specific detection 133:150 specific detection of glycoproteins 133:167 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 5 68 theme new 645:647 arg1 strategy 649:656 a new strategy 643:656 a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA) 643:759 Herein we present a new strategy called orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay (odMIP-PISA). 31581071 3 69 theme structure 463:471 arg1 glycan 448:453 glycan 448:453 glycan 448:453 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 3 69 theme structure 463:471 arg1 Epitope 436:442 Epitope 436:442 Epitope 436:442 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 3 69 theme structure 463:471 arg1 features 473:480 two structure features 459:480 two structure features of a glycoprotein 459:498 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 0 70 theme dual 11:14 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 0 71 theme imprinted 28:36 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 10 72 theme CEA 1570:1572 arg1 level 1574:1578 the CEA level 1566:1578 the CEA level in human serum 1566:1593 Through measuring the CEA level in human serum, this method permitted differentiation of colon cancer patient from healthy individual. 31581071 3 73 theme glycoprotein 487:498 arg1 glycan 448:453 glycan 448:453 glycan 448:453 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 3 73 theme glycoprotein 487:498 arg1 Epitope 436:442 Epitope 436:442 Epitope 436:442 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 3 73 theme glycoprotein 487:498 arg1 features 473:480 two structure features 459:480 two structure features of a glycoprotein 459:498 Epitope and glycan are two structure features of a glycoprotein. 31581071 0 74 theme plasmonic 52:60 arg1 assay 77:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay 0:81 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 12 75 theme clinical 1934:1941 arg1 diagnosis 1943:1951 clinical diagnosis 1934:1951 clinical diagnosis 1934:1951 Therefore, this new approach holds great promise in many applications particularly clinical diagnosis. 31581071 0 76 dep assay 77:81 arg1 strategy 120:127 A double characteristic recognition strategy 84:127 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 0:168 Orthogonal dual molecularly imprinted polymer-based plasmonic immunosandwich assay: A double characteristic recognition strategy for specific detection of glycoproteins. 31581071 11 77 theme simplified 1778:1787 arg1 cost 1834:1837 reduced cost 1826:1837 reduced cost 1826:1837 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 77 theme simplified 1778:1787 arg1 procedure 1789:1797 simplified procedure 1778:1797 simplified procedure (6 steps) 1778:1807 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 77 theme simplified 1778:1787 arg1 steps 1802:1806 6 steps 1800:1806 6 steps 1800:1806 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 11 77 theme simplified 1778:1787 arg1 speed 1810:1814 speed 1810:1814 speed (30 min) 1810:1823 Compared with the traditional immunoassay, odMIP-PISA exhibited multiple advantages, including simplified procedure (6 steps), speed (30 min), reduced cost, and so on. 31581071 9 78 theme nanostructure-based 1420:1438 arg1 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile 1395:1403 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 9 78 theme nanostructure-based 1420:1438 arg1 detection 1446:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection 1406:1454 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 12 79 theme great 1886:1890 arg1 promise 1892:1898 great promise 1886:1898 great promise in many applications 1886:1919 Therefore, this new approach holds great promise in many applications particularly clinical diagnosis. 31581071 6 80 theme target 804:809 arg1 glycoprotein 811:822 a target glycoprotein 802:822 a target glycoprotein 802:822 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 12 81 theme new 1867:1869 arg1 approach 1871:1878 this new approach 1862:1878 this new approach 1862:1878 Therefore, this new approach holds great promise in many applications particularly clinical diagnosis. 31581071 9 82 theme ultrahigh 1465:1473 arg1 sensitivity 1475:1485 ultrahigh sensitivity 1465:1485 ultrahigh sensitivity 1465:1485 Meanwhile, the plasmonic nanostructure-based Raman detection provided ultrahigh sensitivity, yielding a limit of detection of 5.56 × 10-14 M (S/N = 10). 31581071 6 83 theme gold 880:883 arg1 slide 914:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide 862:918 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 6 84 theme double 775:780 arg1 recognition 782:792 double recognition 775:792 double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs 775:853 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 31581071 6 85 theme silver 1011:1016 arg1 nanoparticles 1018:1030 the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles 956:1030 the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags 956:1051 It relies on double recognition towards a target glycoprotein by two different types of MIPs, using epitope-imprinted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-coated slide as capturing substrate to recognize the peptide epitope and glycans-imprinted Raman-active silver nanoparticles as labeling nanotags to recognize the glycans. 30673142 4 0 dep patterns 705:712 arg1 a 665:665 a 665:665 a 665:665 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 1 theme solar 688:692 arg1 patterns 705:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 2 2 theme metabolic 348:356 arg1 turn-over 358:366 direct metabolic turn-over 341:366 direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit 341:379 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 4 3 theme contrasting 746:756 arg1 patterns 783:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns 746:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 746:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 6 4 theme diurnal 990:996 arg1 pattern 998:1004 the diurnal pattern 986:1004 the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation 986:1029 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 0 5 theme profile 67:73 arg1 dynamics 41:48 the diurnal dynamics 29:48 the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile 29:73 Grape berry position affects the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile. 30673142 3 6 from role 398:401 arg1 changes 505:511 the diurnal compositional changes 479:511 the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 479:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 2 7 theme direct 341:346 arg1 turn-over 358:366 direct metabolic turn-over 341:366 direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit 341:379 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 7 8 theme sucrose 1150:1156 arg1 depletion 1158:1166 sucrose depletion 1150:1166 sucrose depletion 1150:1166 Tight correlation between sucrose and glucose-6-phosphate indicated the involvement of photorespiration/glycolysis in sucrose depletion. 30673142 4 9 from changes 584:590 arg1 profiles 606:613 metabolite profiles 595:613 metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 595:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 10 10 theme short-term 1464:1473 arg1 exposure 1488:1495 short-term direct solar exposure 1464:1495 short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit 1464:1508 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 7 11 theme photorespiration/glycolysis 1119:1145 arg1 involvement 1104:1114 the involvement 1100:1114 the involvement of photorespiration/glycolysis in sucrose depletion 1100:1166 Tight correlation between sucrose and glucose-6-phosphate indicated the involvement of photorespiration/glycolysis in sucrose depletion. 30673142 2 12 theme predictive 277:286 arg1 changes 297:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes 261:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature 261:332 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 2 13 from changes 297:303 arg1 temperature 322:332 temperature 322:332 temperature 322:332 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 2 13 from changes 297:303 arg1 radiation 308:316 radiation 308:316 radiation 308:316 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 4 14 theme berries 618:624 arg1 profiles 606:613 metabolite profiles 595:613 metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 595:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 10 15 theme solar 1482:1486 arg1 exposure 1488:1495 short-term direct solar exposure 1464:1495 short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit 1464:1508 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 3 16 theme diurnal 483:489 arg1 changes 505:511 the diurnal compositional changes 479:511 the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 479:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 17 theme diurnal 576:582 arg1 changes 584:590 the diurnal changes 572:590 the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 572:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 18 theme diurnal 680:686 arg1 patterns 705:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 6 19 theme Sucrose 887:893 arg1 levels 895:900 Sucrose levels 887:900 Sucrose levels 887:900 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 3 20 theme source-tissue 445:457 arg1 assimilation 463:474 source-tissue CO2 assimilation 445:474 source-tissue CO2 assimilation 445:474 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 21 theme diurnal 758:764 arg1 patterns 783:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns 746:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 746:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 8 22 theme diurnal 1271:1277 arg1 pattern 1290:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern 1267:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit 1267:1309 Amino acids, polyamines, and phenylpropanoids fluctuated diurnally, and were highly responsive to the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit. 30673142 10 23 theme direct 1475:1480 arg1 exposure 1488:1495 short-term direct solar exposure 1464:1495 short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit 1464:1508 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 2 24 theme abrupt 265:270 arg1 changes 297:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes 261:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature 261:332 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 8 25 theme fruit 1305:1309 arg1 pattern 1290:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern 1267:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit 1267:1309 Amino acids, polyamines, and phenylpropanoids fluctuated diurnally, and were highly responsive to the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit. 30673142 3 26 theme air 424:426 arg1 temperature 428:438 air temperature 424:438 air temperature 424:438 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 0 27 theme berry 6:10 arg1 position 12:19 Grape berry position 0:19 Grape berry position 0:19 Grape berry position affects the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile. 30673142 9 28 theme source-sink 1382:1392 arg1 assimilate-translocation 1394:1417 source-sink assimilate-translocation 1382:1417 source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine 1382:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 8 29 theme Amino 1169:1173 arg1 acids 1175:1179 Amino acids 1169:1179 Amino acids 1169:1179 Amino acids, polyamines, and phenylpropanoids fluctuated diurnally, and were highly responsive to the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit. 30673142 1 30 theme Solar 76:80 arg1 irradiance 82:91 Solar irradiance 76:91 Solar irradiance 76:91 Solar irradiance and air temperature are characterized by dramatic circadian fluctuations and are known to significantly modulate fruit composition. 30673142 6 31 theme CO2 1014:1016 arg1 assimilation 1018:1029 leaf CO2 assimilation 1009:1029 leaf CO2 assimilation 1009:1029 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 3 32 theme fruit 406:410 arg1 insolation 412:421 fruit insolation 406:421 fruit insolation 406:421 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 0 33 theme Grape 0:4 arg1 position 12:19 Grape berry position 0:19 Grape berry position 0:19 Grape berry position affects the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile. 30673142 9 34 theme circadian 1361:1369 arg1 pattern 1371:1377 the circadian pattern 1357:1377 the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine 1357:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 9 35 from pattern 1371:1377 arg1 grapevine 1422:1430 grapevine 1422:1430 grapevine 1422:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 3 36 theme insolation 412:421 arg1 role 398:401 the role 394:401 the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 394:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 2 37 from turn-over 358:366 arg1 fruit 375:379 the fruit 371:379 the fruit 371:379 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 2 38 theme diurnal 289:295 arg1 changes 297:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes 261:303 the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature 261:332 To date, it remains unclear whether the abrupt, yet predictive, diurnal changes in radiation and temperature prompt direct metabolic turn-over in the fruit. 30673142 10 39 theme fruit 1504:1508 arg1 exposure 1488:1495 short-term direct solar exposure 1464:1495 short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit 1464:1508 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 5 40 theme carbon 818:823 arg1 levels 825:830 Grape carbon levels 812:830 Grape carbon levels 812:830 Grape carbon levels increased during the morning and decreased thereafter. 30673142 5 41 theme Grape 812:816 arg1 levels 825:830 Grape carbon levels 812:830 Grape carbon levels 812:830 Grape carbon levels increased during the morning and decreased thereafter. 30673142 7 42 from involvement 1104:1114 arg1 depletion 1158:1166 sucrose depletion 1150:1166 sucrose depletion 1150:1166 Tight correlation between sucrose and glucose-6-phosphate indicated the involvement of photorespiration/glycolysis in sucrose depletion. 30673142 10 43 theme nocturnal 1539:1547 arg1 metabolism 1549:1558 both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism 1518:1558 both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism 1518:1558 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 1 44 theme air 97:99 arg1 temperature 101:111 air temperature 97:111 air temperature 97:111 Solar irradiance and air temperature are characterized by dramatic circadian fluctuations and are known to significantly modulate fruit composition. 30673142 1 45 theme fruit 206:210 arg1 composition 212:222 fruit composition 206:222 fruit composition 206:222 Solar irradiance and air temperature are characterized by dramatic circadian fluctuations and are known to significantly modulate fruit composition. 30673142 0 46 theme diurnal 33:39 arg1 dynamics 41:48 the diurnal dynamics 29:48 the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile 29:73 Grape berry position affects the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile. 30673142 6 47 theme air 956:958 arg1 temperature 960:970 air temperature 956:970 air temperature 956:970 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 8 48 theme insolation 1279:1288 arg1 pattern 1290:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern 1267:1296 the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit 1267:1309 Amino acids, polyamines, and phenylpropanoids fluctuated diurnally, and were highly responsive to the diurnal insolation pattern of the fruit. 30673142 3 49 theme temperature 428:438 arg1 role 398:401 the role 394:401 the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 394:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 50 theme contrasting 668:678 arg1 patterns 705:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 9 51 theme assimilate-translocation 1394:1417 arg1 pattern 1371:1377 the circadian pattern 1357:1377 the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine 1357:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 10 52 theme diurnal 1527:1533 arg1 metabolism 1549:1558 both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism 1518:1558 both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism 1518:1558 In addition, they suggest that short-term direct solar exposure of the fruit impacts both its diurnal and nocturnal metabolism. 30673142 4 53 theme adjacent 795:802 arg1 patterns 783:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns 746:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 746:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 53 theme adjacent 795:802 arg1 patterns 705:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 53 theme adjacent 795:802 arg1 irradiance 731:740 (b) similar irradiance 719:740 (b) similar irradiance 719:740 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 54 dep adjacent 795:802 arg1 leaves 804:809 leaves 804:809 leaves 804:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 7 55 theme Tight 1032:1036 arg1 correlation 1038:1048 Tight correlation 1032:1048 Tight correlation between sucrose and glucose-6-phosphate 1032:1088 Tight correlation between sucrose and glucose-6-phosphate indicated the involvement of photorespiration/glycolysis in sucrose depletion. 30673142 9 56 from grapevine 1422:1430 arg1 pattern 1371:1377 the circadian pattern 1357:1377 the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine 1357:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 3 57 theme compositional 491:503 arg1 changes 505:511 the diurnal compositional changes 479:511 the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 479:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 58 theme irradiance 694:703 arg1 patterns 705:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 diurnal solar irradiance patterns 680:712 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 59 dep irradiance 731:740 arg1 b 720:720 b 720:720 b 720:720 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 60 theme assimilation 770:781 arg1 patterns 783:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns 746:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 746:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 3 61 theme CO2 459:461 arg1 assimilation 463:474 source-tissue CO2 assimilation 445:474 source-tissue CO2 assimilation 445:474 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 62 theme similar 723:729 arg1 irradiance 731:740 (b) similar irradiance 719:740 (b) similar irradiance 719:740 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 4 63 theme metabolite 595:604 arg1 profiles 606:613 metabolite profiles 595:613 metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 595:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 3 64 theme grape 525:529 arg1 berries 531:537 grape berries 525:537 grape berries 525:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 4 65 theme CO2 766:768 arg1 patterns 783:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns 746:790 contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves 746:809 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 3 66 theme assimilation 463:474 arg1 role 398:401 the role 394:401 the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries 394:537 We assessed the role of fruit insolation, air temperature, and source-tissue CO2 assimilation in the diurnal compositional changes in ripening grape berries. 30673142 6 67 theme leaf 1009:1012 arg1 assimilation 1018:1029 leaf CO2 assimilation 1009:1029 leaf CO2 assimilation 1009:1029 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 0 68 theme metabolic 57:65 arg1 profile 67:73 its metabolic profile 53:73 its metabolic profile 53:73 Grape berry position affects the diurnal dynamics of its metabolic profile. 30673142 6 69 theme assimilation 1018:1029 arg1 pattern 998:1004 the diurnal pattern 986:1004 the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation 986:1029 Sucrose levels decreased throughout the day and were correlated with air temperature, but not with the diurnal pattern of leaf CO2 assimilation. 30673142 4 70 dep experienced 652:662 arg1 such 637:640 such 637:640 such 637:640 This was performed by comparing the diurnal changes in metabolite profiles of berries positioned such that they experienced (a) contrasting diurnal solar irradiance patterns, and (b) similar irradiance but contrasting diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of adjacent leaves. 30673142 1 71 theme dramatic 134:141 arg1 fluctuations 153:164 dramatic circadian fluctuations 134:164 dramatic circadian fluctuations 134:164 Solar irradiance and air temperature are characterized by dramatic circadian fluctuations and are known to significantly modulate fruit composition. 30673142 9 72 theme knowledge 1333:1341 arg1 gap 1343:1345 the knowledge gap 1329:1345 the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine 1329:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 30673142 1 73 theme circadian 143:151 arg1 fluctuations 153:164 dramatic circadian fluctuations 134:164 dramatic circadian fluctuations 134:164 Solar irradiance and air temperature are characterized by dramatic circadian fluctuations and are known to significantly modulate fruit composition. 30673142 9 74 from assimilate-translocation 1394:1417 arg1 grapevine 1422:1430 grapevine 1422:1430 grapevine 1422:1430 Our results fill the knowledge gap regarding the circadian pattern of source-sink assimilate-translocation in grapevine. 31047046 5 0 theme Triticum 704:711 arg1 germ 698:701 wheat germ 692:701 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) 692:721 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 5 0 theme Triticum 704:711 arg1 vulgaris 713:720 Triticum vulgaris 704:720 Triticum vulgaris 704:720 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 2 1 theme magnetite 348:356 arg1 particles 358:366 magnetite particles 348:366 magnetite particles 348:366 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 5 2 theme magnetic 672:679 arg1 chitin 681:686 magnetic chitin 672:686 magnetic chitin 672:686 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 6 3 theme Magnetic 813:820 arg1 chitin 822:827 Magnetic chitin 813:827 Magnetic chitin 813:827 Magnetic chitin showed the high capacity for enzyme-lysozyme. 31047046 8 4 used used 964:967 arg2 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 8 4 used used 964:967 arg2 chitin 950:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 5 5 theme chitin 681:686 arg1 capacity 660:667 The adsorption capacity 645:667 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 645:760 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 1 6 theme simple 64:69 arg1 method 99:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method 62:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell 62:233 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 8 7 theme pollutants 1011:1020 arg1 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 8 7 theme pollutants 1011:1020 arg1 chitin 950:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 2 8 theme chitin 287:292 arg1 preparation 294:304 magnetic chitin preparation 278:304 magnetic chitin preparation 278:304 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 2 9 theme magnetic 278:285 arg1 preparation 294:304 magnetic chitin preparation 278:304 magnetic chitin preparation 278:304 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 2 10 theme N-selective 377:387 arg1 acetylation 389:399 N-selective acetylation 377:399 (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin 372:438 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 8 11 theme organic 1025:1031 arg1 nature 1046:1051 organic or inorganic nature 1025:1051 organic or inorganic nature 1025:1051 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 1 12 theme convenient 72:81 arg1 method 99:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method 62:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell 62:233 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 1 13 theme magnetite 165:173 arg1 particles 175:183 magnetite particles 165:183 magnetite particles 165:183 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 5 14 theme adsorption 649:658 arg1 capacity 660:667 The adsorption capacity 645:667 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 645:760 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 2 15 dep adsorption 320:329 arg1 i 317:317 i 317:317 i 317:317 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 5 16 theme adsorbent 802:810 arg1 67-86 mg g-1 782:793 67-86 mg g-1 782:793 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent 782:810 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 4 17 theme magnetic 558:565 arg1 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 4 17 theme magnetic 558:565 arg1 chitin 567:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 0 18 theme chitin-adsorbent 22:37 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of magnetic chitin-adsorbent for specific proteins. 0:60 Synthesis of magnetic chitin-adsorbent for specific proteins. 31047046 8 19 theme inorganic 1036:1044 arg1 nature 1046:1051 organic or inorganic nature 1025:1051 organic or inorganic nature 1025:1051 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 1 20 theme inexpensive 87:97 arg1 method 99:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method 62:104 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell 62:233 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 8 21 theme nature 1046:1051 arg1 pollutants 1011:1020 pollutants 1011:1020 pollutants of organic or inorganic nature 1011:1051 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 2 22 theme magnetic 424:431 arg1 chitin 433:438 magnetic chitin 424:438 magnetic chitin 424:438 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 4 23 theme synthesized 546:556 arg1 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 4 23 theme synthesized 546:556 arg1 chitin 567:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 0 24 theme magnetic 13:20 arg1 chitin-adsorbent 22:37 magnetic chitin-adsorbent 13:37 magnetic chitin-adsorbent 13:37 Synthesis of magnetic chitin-adsorbent for specific proteins. 31047046 4 25 theme lectins 623:629 arg1 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 4 25 theme lectins 623:629 arg1 chitin 567:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 2 26 theme chitosan 404:411 arg1 adsorption 320:329 adsorption 320:329 : (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles 314:366 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 2 26 theme chitosan 404:411 arg1 acetylation 389:399 N-selective acetylation 377:399 (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin 372:438 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 0 27 theme specific 43:50 arg1 proteins 52:59 specific proteins 43:59 specific proteins 43:59 Synthesis of magnetic chitin-adsorbent for specific proteins. 31047046 5 28 theme potato 727:732 arg1 lectins 754:760 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 692:760 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 692:760 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 2 29 dep acetylation 389:399 arg1 ii 373:374 ii 373:374 ii 373:374 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 5 30 theme 67-86 mg g-1 782:793 arg1 range 773:777 the range 769:777 the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent 769:810 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 5 31 theme wheat 692:696 arg1 germ 698:701 wheat germ 692:701 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) 692:721 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 5 31 theme wheat 692:696 arg1 vulgaris 713:720 Triticum vulgaris 704:720 Triticum vulgaris 704:720 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 8 32 theme Magnetic 941:948 arg1 chitin 950:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin 941:955 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 8 32 theme Magnetic 941:948 arg1 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 adsorbent 998:1006 Magnetic chitin may be used as a promising multi-purpose adsorbent of pollutants of organic or inorganic nature. 31047046 2 33 theme chitosan 334:341 arg1 adsorption 320:329 adsorption 320:329 : (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles 314:366 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 2 33 theme chitosan 334:341 arg1 acetylation 389:399 N-selective acetylation 377:399 (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin 372:438 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 5 34 theme germ 698:701 arg1 lectins 754:760 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 692:760 wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins 692:760 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 6 35 theme high 840:843 arg1 capacity 845:852 the high capacity 836:852 the high capacity for enzyme-lysozyme 836:872 Magnetic chitin showed the high capacity for enzyme-lysozyme. 31047046 3 36 theme magnetite 491:499 arg1 properties 477:486 the magnetic properties 464:486 the magnetic properties of magnetite 464:499 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 3 36 theme magnetite 491:499 arg1 properties 520:529 the adsorption properties 505:529 the adsorption properties of chitin 505:539 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 1 37 theme chitin 138:143 arg1 composite 145:153 magnetic chitin composite 129:153 magnetic chitin composite 129:153 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 3 38 theme magnetic 468:475 arg1 properties 477:486 the magnetic properties 464:486 the magnetic properties of magnetite 464:499 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 1 39 theme polysaccharide 214:227 arg1 shell 229:233 the polysaccharide shell 210:233 the polysaccharide shell 210:233 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 3 40 theme chitin 534:539 arg1 properties 477:486 the magnetic properties 464:486 the magnetic properties of magnetite 464:499 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 3 40 theme chitin 534:539 arg1 properties 520:529 the adsorption properties 505:529 the adsorption properties of chitin 505:539 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 2 41 theme Two-step 255:262 arg1 procedure 264:272 Two-step procedure 255:272 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation 255:304 Two-step procedure for magnetic chitin preparation includes: (i) adsorption of chitosan onto magnetite particles and (ii) N-selective acetylation of chitosan to produce magnetic chitin. 31047046 1 42 theme magnetic 129:136 arg1 composite 145:153 magnetic chitin composite 129:153 magnetic chitin composite 129:153 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31047046 4 43 theme β-d-GlcNAc-specific 603:621 arg1 lectins 623:629 β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins 603:629 β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins 603:629 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 3 44 theme adsorption 509:518 arg1 properties 520:529 the adsorption properties 505:529 the adsorption properties of chitin 505:539 The composite combines the magnetic properties of magnetite and the adsorption properties of chitin. 31047046 4 45 theme lysozyme 635:642 arg1 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 adsorbent 590:598 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 4 45 theme lysozyme 635:642 arg1 chitin 567:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin 542:572 The synthesized magnetic chitin is an efficient adsorbent of β-d-GlcNAc-specific lectins and lysozyme. 31047046 5 46 dep potato 727:732 arg1 tuberosum 743:751 Solanum tuberosum 735:751 Solanum tuberosum 735:751 The adsorption capacity of magnetic chitin for wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) lectins was in the range of 67-86 mg g-1 of the adsorbent. 31047046 1 47 theme composite 145:153 arg1 preparation 114:124 the preparation 110:124 the preparation 110:124 A simple, convenient and inexpensive method for the preparation of magnetic chitin composite, in which magnetite particles are densely covered with the polysaccharide shell has been developed. 31253333 0 0 theme Saccharomyces 95:107 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 5 1 theme similar 705:711 arg1 solubility 722:731 similar or lower solubility 705:731 similar or lower solubility 705:731 Mannoproteins showed similar or lower solubility than mannan, and they exhibited a Newtonian behaviour. 31253333 2 2 theme main 348:351 arg1 fraction 353:360 The main fraction 344:360 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' 344:399 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 2 3 theme 6.9 467:469 arg1 ratio 450:454 protein ratio 442:454 protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9 442:469 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 6 4 theme mannoproteins-based 847:865 arg1 emulsions 867:875 mannoproteins-based emulsions 847:875 mannoproteins-based emulsions 847:875 Sonication was the appropriate method for the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions. 31253333 10 5 theme mannoproteins 1190:1202 arg1 ingredients 1219:1229 value-added ingredients 1207:1229 value-added ingredients 1207:1229 This study is expected to broaden the applications of mannoproteins as value-added ingredients. 31253333 10 5 theme mannoproteins 1190:1202 arg1 applications 1174:1185 the applications 1170:1185 the applications of mannoproteins 1170:1202 This study is expected to broaden the applications of mannoproteins as value-added ingredients. 31253333 0 6 theme yeast 120:124 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 8 7 theme emulsifying 1020:1030 arg1 ability 1032:1038 the emulsifying ability 1016:1038 the emulsifying ability of MP1/MP1' 1016:1050 pH affected the emulsifying ability of MP1/MP1'. 31253333 0 8 theme cerevisiae 109:118 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 0 9 from properties 62:71 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 3 10 theme Low-MW 486:491 arg1 YCW-b-MP2 493:501 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' 486:502 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' 486:502 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' was mainly comprised of mannan, with a ratio of 181, whereas low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 was characterized by a ratio of 12.2. 31253333 5 11 theme Newtonian 767:775 arg1 behaviour 777:785 a Newtonian behaviour 765:785 a Newtonian behaviour 765:785 Mannoproteins showed similar or lower solubility than mannan, and they exhibited a Newtonian behaviour. 31253333 2 12 theme YCW-b-MP1 390:398 arg1 fraction 353:360 The main fraction 344:360 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' 344:399 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 0 13 theme cell 126:129 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 7 14 theme MP1/MP1'-based 890:903 arg1 emulsions 905:913 MP1/MP1'-based emulsions 890:913 MP1/MP1'-based emulsions 890:913 Contrary to MP1/MP1'-based emulsions, MP2/MP2'-based ones showed higher affinity towards soybean oil than glyceryl-trioleate. 31253333 2 15 theme protein 442:448 arg1 ratio 450:454 protein ratio 442:454 protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9 442:469 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 4 16 dep MP1 673:675 arg1 /MP2 677:680 /MP2 677:680 /MP2 677:680 The solubility of MP1/MP2 was higher than that of MP1'/MP2'. 31253333 2 17 theme Agrimos®-MP1 373:384 arg1 fraction 353:360 The main fraction 344:360 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' 344:399 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 1 18 theme yeast 268:272 arg1 walls 279:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 9 19 theme similar 1069:1075 arg1 properties 1110:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 MP1/MP1' showed similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties than lecithin. 31253333 1 20 theme mannan 198:203 arg1 variability 183:193 variability 183:193 variability 183:193 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 20 theme mannan 198:203 arg1 distribution 166:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 0 21 theme composition 24:34 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 0:136 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 1 22 theme cell 274:277 arg1 walls 279:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 7 23 theme MP2/MP2'-based 916:929 arg1 ones 931:934 MP2/MP2'-based ones 916:934 MP2/MP2'-based ones 916:934 Contrary to MP1/MP1'-based emulsions, MP2/MP2'-based ones showed higher affinity towards soybean oil than glyceryl-trioleate. 31253333 6 24 theme appropriate 807:817 arg1 method 819:824 the appropriate method 803:824 the appropriate method for the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions 803:875 Sonication was the appropriate method for the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions. 31253333 6 24 theme appropriate 807:817 arg1 Sonication 788:797 Sonication 788:797 Sonication 788:797 Sonication was the appropriate method for the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions. 31253333 9 25 theme inferior 1089:1096 arg1 properties 1110:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 MP1/MP1' showed similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties than lecithin. 31253333 6 26 theme emulsions 867:875 arg1 formation 834:842 the formation 830:842 the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions 830:875 Sonication was the appropriate method for the formation of mannoproteins-based emulsions. 31253333 1 27 theme protein 208:214 arg1 ratio 216:220 protein ratio 208:220 protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP) 208:251 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 5 28 theme lower 716:720 arg1 solubility 722:731 similar or lower solubility 705:731 similar or lower solubility 705:731 Mannoproteins showed similar or lower solubility than mannan, and they exhibited a Newtonian behaviour. 31253333 3 29 dep comprised 515:523 arg1 whereas 557:563 whereas 557:563 whereas 557:563 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' was mainly comprised of mannan, with a ratio of 181, whereas low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 was characterized by a ratio of 12.2. 31253333 2 30 theme high-MW 365:371 arg1 Agrimos®-MP1 373:384 high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 365:384 high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 365:384 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 2 31 theme 3.5 459:461 arg1 ratio 450:454 protein ratio 442:454 protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9 442:469 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 9 32 theme emulsifying 1098:1108 arg1 properties 1110:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties 1069:1119 MP1/MP1' showed similar or slightly inferior emulsifying properties than lecithin. 31253333 0 33 theme properties 62:71 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 0:136 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 1 34 theme enzymatic 294:302 arg1 treatment 304:312 the enzymatic treatment 290:312 the enzymatic treatment 290:312 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 0 35 theme techno-functional 44:60 arg1 properties 62:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 0 36 from walls 131:135 arg1 composition 24:34 composition 24:34 composition 24:34 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 0 36 from walls 131:135 arg1 mannoproteins 76:88 mannoproteins 76:88 mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 76:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 0 36 from walls 131:135 arg1 properties 62:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 3 37 theme 181 552:554 arg1 ratio 543:547 a ratio 541:547 a ratio of 181 541:554 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' was mainly comprised of mannan, with a ratio of 181, whereas low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 was characterized by a ratio of 12.2. 31253333 1 38 theme Broad 138:142 arg1 MW 162:163 MW 162:163 MW 162:163 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 38 theme Broad 138:142 arg1 weight 154:159 Broad molecular weight 138:159 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 2 39 contain contained 401:409 arg2 mannoproteins 411:423 mannoproteins 411:423 mannoproteins 411:423 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 2 39 contain contained 401:409 arg1 fraction 353:360 The main fraction 344:360 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' 344:399 The main fraction of high-MW Agrimos®-MP1 and YCW-b-MP1' contained mannoproteins with a mannan to protein ratio of 3.5 and 6.9, respectively. 31253333 0 40 dep composition 24:34 arg1 the 20:22 the 20:22 the 20:22 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 1 41 theme molecular 144:152 arg1 MW 162:163 MW 162:163 MW 162:163 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 41 theme molecular 144:152 arg1 weight 154:159 Broad molecular weight 138:159 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 42 theme purified 225:232 arg1 MP 249:250 MP 249:250 MP 249:250 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 42 theme purified 225:232 arg1 mannoproteins 234:246 purified mannoproteins 225:246 purified mannoproteins (MP) 225:251 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 3 43 theme 12.2 617:620 arg1 ratio 608:612 a ratio 606:612 a ratio of 12.2 606:620 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' was mainly comprised of mannan, with a ratio of 181, whereas low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 was characterized by a ratio of 12.2. 31253333 1 44 theme weight 154:159 arg1 distribution 166:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 45 theme mannoproteins 234:246 arg1 ratio 216:220 protein ratio 208:220 protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP) 208:251 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 0 46 theme mannoproteins 76:88 arg1 composition 24:34 composition 24:34 composition 24:34 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 0 46 theme mannoproteins 76:88 arg1 properties 62:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 the techno-functional properties 40:71 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 3 47 theme low-MW 565:570 arg1 Agrimos®-MP2 572:583 low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 565:583 low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 565:583 Low-MW YCW-b-MP2' was mainly comprised of mannan, with a ratio of 181, whereas low-MW Agrimos®-MP2 was characterized by a ratio of 12.2. 31253333 7 48 theme soybean 967:973 arg1 oil 975:977 soybean oil 967:977 soybean oil 967:977 Contrary to MP1/MP1'-based emulsions, MP2/MP2'-based ones showed higher affinity towards soybean oil than glyceryl-trioleate. 31253333 4 49 theme MP1/MP2 641:647 arg1 higher 653:658 higher 653:658 higher 653:658 The solubility of MP1/MP2 was higher than that of MP1'/MP2'. 31253333 4 49 theme MP1/MP2 641:647 arg1 solubility 627:636 The solubility 623:636 The solubility of MP1/MP2 623:647 The solubility of MP1/MP2 was higher than that of MP1'/MP2'. 31253333 10 50 theme value-added 1207:1217 arg1 ingredients 1219:1229 value-added ingredients 1207:1229 value-added ingredients 1207:1229 This study is expected to broaden the applications of mannoproteins as value-added ingredients. 31253333 10 50 theme value-added 1207:1217 arg1 applications 1174:1185 the applications 1170:1185 the applications of mannoproteins 1170:1202 This study is expected to broaden the applications of mannoproteins as value-added ingredients. 31253333 0 51 from composition 24:34 arg1 walls 131:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls 95:135 Characterization of the composition and the techno-functional properties of mannoproteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cell walls. 31253333 1 52 attach isolated 254:261 arg2 distribution 166:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution 138:177 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 1 52 attach isolated 254:261 arg1 walls 279:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 yeast cell walls 268:283 Broad molecular weight (MW) distribution and variability of mannan to protein ratio of purified mannoproteins (MP), isolated from yeast cell walls upon the enzymatic treatment, revealed their multiplicity. 31253333 7 53 theme higher 943:948 arg1 affinity 950:957 higher affinity 943:957 higher affinity towards soybean oil than glyceryl-trioleate 943:1001 Contrary to MP1/MP1'-based emulsions, MP2/MP2'-based ones showed higher affinity towards soybean oil than glyceryl-trioleate. 31636638 4 0 theme sulfate 972:978 arg1 antibody 985:992 an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody 956:992 an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody 956:992 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 2 1 theme glycosaminoglycan 393:409 arg1 side-chains 411:421 glycosaminoglycan side-chains 393:421 glycosaminoglycan side-chains 393:421 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 11 2 theme macromolecules 2240:2253 arg1 drainage 2218:2225 drainage 2218:2225 drainage of fluid and macromolecules 2218:2253 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 10 3 theme interstitial 2059:2070 arg1 fluid 2072:2076 drain interstitial fluid 2053:2076 drain interstitial fluid 2053:2076 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 11 4 theme rapid 2141:2145 arg1 remodeling 2147:2156 rapid remodeling 2141:2156 rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs 2141:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 8 5 theme LV 1777:1778 arg1 remodeling 1791:1800 LV glycocalyx remodeling 1777:1800 LV glycocalyx remodeling 1777:1800 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 7 6 theme moieties 1509:1516 arg1 expression 1477:1486 reduced expression 1469:1486 reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties 1469:1516 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 11 7 theme inflamed 2315:2322 arg1 tissues 2324:2330 inflamed tissues 2315:2330 inflamed tissues 2315:2330 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 2 8 theme membrane-bound 336:349 arg1 glycoproteins 351:363 membrane-bound glycoproteins 336:363 membrane-bound glycoproteins 336:363 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 11 9 theme LVs 2205:2207 arg1 glycocalyx 2173:2182 endothelial glycocalyx 2161:2182 endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs 2161:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 7 10 theme glycocalyx 1442:1451 arg1 remodeling 1421:1430 a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling 1399:1430 a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx 1399:1451 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 3 11 theme endothelium 583:593 arg1 glycocalyx 554:563 the glycocalyx 550:563 the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium 550:593 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 1 12 theme biological 223:232 arg1 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 12 theme biological 223:232 arg1 homeostasis 273:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 12 theme biological 223:232 arg1 processes 234:242 numerous and fundamental biological processes 198:242 processes 234:242 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 5 13 link α2,3-linked 1133:1143 arg1 acids 1152:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 11 14 theme fluid 2230:2234 arg1 drainage 2218:2225 drainage 2218:2225 drainage of fluid and macromolecules 2218:2253 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 3 15 attach present 697:703 arg1 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 3 15 attach present 697:703 arg2 layer 691:695 this glycan layer 679:695 this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 679:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 3 15 attach present 697:703 arg1 vessels 736:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels 708:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 708:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 6 16 theme human 1281:1285 arg1 skins 1287:1291 mouse and human skins 1271:1291 mouse and human skins 1271:1291 A similar expression profile was also observed for LVs of mouse and human skins. 31636638 5 17 theme α2,3-linked 1133:1143 arg1 acids 1152:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 3 18 theme present 697:703 arg1 layer 691:695 this glycan layer 679:695 this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 679:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 1 19 theme dense 151:155 arg1 glycocalyx 135:144 The glycocalyx 131:144 The glycocalyx 131:144 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 19 theme dense 151:155 arg1 layer 157:161 a dense layer 149:161 a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development 149:321 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 4 20 theme glycocalyx 1062:1071 arg1 moieties 1046:1053 different glycan moieties 1029:1053 different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx 1029:1071 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 6 21 theme mouse 1271:1275 arg1 skins 1287:1291 mouse and human skins 1271:1291 mouse and human skins 1271:1291 A similar expression profile was also observed for LVs of mouse and human skins. 31636638 5 22 theme N-Acetylglucosamine 1183:1201 arg1 moieties 1203:1210 N-Acetylglucosamine moieties 1183:1210 N-Acetylglucosamine moieties 1183:1210 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 3 23 theme glycan 684:689 arg1 layer 691:695 this glycan layer 679:695 this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 679:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 9 24 theme non-anticoagulant 1837:1853 arg1 inhibitor 1866:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 0 25 theme Acute 103:107 arg1 Inflammation 109:120 Acute Inflammation 103:120 Acute Inflammation 103:120 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 1 26 theme chains 179:184 arg1 glycocalyx 135:144 The glycocalyx 131:144 The glycocalyx 131:144 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 26 theme chains 179:184 arg1 layer 157:161 a dense layer 149:161 a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development 149:321 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 4 27 theme glycan 1039:1044 arg1 moieties 1046:1053 different glycan moieties 1029:1053 different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx 1029:1071 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 9 28 theme LV 1887:1888 arg1 degradation 1893:1903 LV HS degradation 1887:1903 LV HS degradation 1887:1903 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 4 29 theme lymphatic 857:865 arg1 capillaries 867:877 initial lymphatic capillaries 849:877 initial lymphatic capillaries 849:877 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 0 30 theme Heparanase-Dependent 0:19 arg1 Remodeling 21:30 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling 0:30 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 0:62 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 4 31 from composition 808:818 arg1 muscles 899:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 4 32 theme endothelial 823:833 arg1 glycocalyx 835:844 endothelial glycocalyx 823:844 endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries 823:877 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 2 33 theme barrier 484:490 arg1 functions 492:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 11 34 theme initial 2336:2342 arg1 LVs 2344:2346 initial LVs 2336:2346 initial LVs 2336:2346 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 2 35 theme blood 469:473 arg1 functions 492:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 0 36 theme Lymphatic 43:51 arg1 Glycocalyx 53:62 Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 35:62 Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 35:62 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 5 37 theme HS 1104:1105 arg1 presence 1092:1099 the presence 1088:1099 the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties 1088:1210 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 3 38 theme tissue-associated 708:724 arg1 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 3 38 theme tissue-associated 708:724 arg1 vessels 736:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels 708:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 708:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 7 39 theme acids 1555:1559 arg1 levels 1526:1531 levels 1526:1531 levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids 1526:1559 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 5 40 theme α-D-galactosyl 1108:1121 arg1 moieties 1123:1130 α-D-galactosyl moieties 1108:1130 α-D-galactosyl moieties 1108:1130 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 7 41 link α2,3-linked 1536:1546 arg1 acids 1555:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 8 42 theme neutrophil 1634:1643 arg1 recruitment 1645:1655 neutrophil recruitment 1634:1655 neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation 1634:1682 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 10 43 theme degradation 2002:2012 arg1 inhibition 1977:1986 inhibition 1977:1986 inhibition of glycocalyx degradation 1977:2012 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 2 44 theme sulfated 366:373 arg1 proteoglycans 375:387 sulfated proteoglycans 366:387 sulfated proteoglycans 366:387 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 8 45 theme tissue-associated 1709:1725 arg1 LVs 1727:1729 tissue-associated LVs 1709:1729 tissue-associated LVs 1709:1729 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 7 46 theme α2,3-linked 1536:1546 arg1 acids 1555:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 4 47 theme cremaster 889:897 arg1 muscles 899:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 7 48 theme cremaster 1331:1339 arg1 tissues 1341:1347 mouse cremaster tissues 1325:1347 mouse cremaster tissues 1325:1347 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 8 49 theme blood 1666:1670 arg1 circulation 1672:1682 the blood circulation 1662:1682 the blood circulation 1662:1682 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 3 50 theme vascular 574:581 arg1 endothelium 583:593 blood vascular endothelium 568:593 blood vascular endothelium 568:593 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 8 51 theme neutrophil 1741:1750 arg1 depletion 1752:1760 specific neutrophil depletion 1732:1760 specific neutrophil depletion 1732:1760 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 1 52 theme tissue 266:271 arg1 homeostasis 273:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 4 53 theme anti-heparan 959:970 arg1 sulfate 972:978 anti-heparan sulfate 959:978 an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody 956:992 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 4 53 theme anti-heparan 959:970 arg1 HS 981:982 HS 981:982 HS 981:982 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 7 54 theme galactosyl 1498:1507 arg1 moieties 1509:1516 galactosyl moieties 1498:1516 galactosyl moieties 1498:1516 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 10 55 theme drain 2053:2057 arg1 fluid 2072:2076 drain interstitial fluid 2053:2076 drain interstitial fluid 2053:2076 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 3 56 dep composition 651:661 arg1 the 647:649 the 647:649 the 647:649 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 7 57 theme HS 1491:1492 arg1 expression 1477:1486 reduced expression 1469:1486 reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties 1469:1516 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 4 58 theme inflamed 930:937 arg1 conditions 939:948 homeostatic and inflamed conditions 914:948 homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx 914:1071 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 7 59 theme reduced 1469:1475 arg1 expression 1477:1486 reduced expression 1469:1486 reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties 1469:1516 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 10 60 theme LVs 2046:2048 arg1 capacity 2026:2033 the capacity 2022:2033 the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid 2022:2076 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 11 61 theme endothelial 2161:2171 arg1 glycocalyx 2173:2182 endothelial glycocalyx 2161:2182 endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs 2161:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 8 62 theme glycocalyx 1780:1789 arg1 remodeling 1791:1800 LV glycocalyx remodeling 1777:1800 LV glycocalyx remodeling 1777:1800 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 1 63 theme numerous 198:205 arg1 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 63 theme numerous 198:205 arg1 homeostasis 273:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 63 theme numerous 198:205 arg1 processes 234:242 numerous and fundamental biological processes 198:242 processes 234:242 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 10 64 theme acute 2085:2089 arg1 inflammation 2091:2102 acute inflammation 2085:2102 acute inflammation 2085:2102 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 8 65 from circulation 1672:1682 arg1 migration 1694:1702 their migration 1688:1702 their migration into tissue-associated LVs 1688:1729 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 8 65 from circulation 1672:1682 arg1 recruitment 1645:1655 neutrophil recruitment 1634:1655 neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation 1634:1682 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 1 66 theme fundamental 211:221 arg1 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 66 theme fundamental 211:221 arg1 homeostasis 273:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 tissue homeostasis 266:283 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 66 theme fundamental 211:221 arg1 processes 234:242 numerous and fundamental biological processes 198:242 processes 234:242 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 11 67 theme glycocalyx 2173:2182 arg1 remodeling 2147:2156 rapid remodeling 2141:2156 rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs 2141:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 6 68 theme similar 1215:1221 arg1 profile 1234:1240 A similar expression profile 1213:1240 A similar expression profile 1213:1240 A similar expression profile was also observed for LVs of mouse and human skins. 31636638 4 69 theme lectins 1009:1015 arg1 antibody 985:992 an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody 956:992 an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody 956:992 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 4 69 theme lectins 1009:1015 arg1 panel 1000:1004 a panel 998:1004 a panel of lectins 998:1015 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 7 70 theme LV 1439:1440 arg1 glycocalyx 1442:1451 the LV glycocalyx 1435:1451 the LV glycocalyx 1435:1451 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 11 71 contain has 2259:2261 arg2 role 2266:2269 no role 2263:2269 no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs 2263:2346 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 11 71 contain has 2259:2261 arg1 remodeling 2147:2156 rapid remodeling 2141:2156 rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs 2141:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 6 72 theme skins 1287:1291 arg1 LVs 1264:1266 LVs 1264:1266 LVs of mouse and human skins 1264:1291 A similar expression profile was also observed for LVs of mouse and human skins. 31636638 4 73 theme confocal 768:775 arg1 microscopy 777:786 confocal microscopy 768:786 confocal microscopy 768:786 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 3 74 theme layer 691:695 arg1 function 667:674 function 667:674 function 667:674 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 3 74 theme layer 691:695 arg1 composition 651:661 composition 651:661 composition 651:661 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 6 75 theme expression 1223:1232 arg1 profile 1234:1240 A similar expression profile 1213:1240 A similar expression profile 1213:1240 A similar expression profile was also observed for LVs of mouse and human skins. 31636638 5 76 theme sialic 1145:1150 arg1 acids 1152:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1133:1156 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 1 77 theme carbohydrate 166:177 arg1 chains 179:184 carbohydrate chains 166:184 carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development 166:321 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 9 78 theme heparanase 1855:1864 arg1 inhibitor 1866:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 4 79 theme different 1029:1037 arg1 moieties 1046:1053 different glycan moieties 1029:1053 different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx 1029:1071 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 4 80 theme glycocalyx 835:844 arg1 composition 808:818 the composition 804:818 the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles 804:905 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 5 81 theme lesser 1168:1173 arg1 extent 1175:1180 a lesser extent 1166:1180 a lesser extent 1166:1180 Our data show the presence of HS, α-D-galactosyl moieties, α2,3-linked sialic acids and, to a lesser extent, N-Acetylglucosamine moieties. 31636638 7 82 theme rapid 1401:1405 arg1 remodeling 1421:1430 a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling 1399:1430 a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx 1399:1451 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 9 83 theme HS 1890:1891 arg1 degradation 1893:1903 LV HS degradation 1887:1903 LV HS degradation 1887:1903 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 11 84 theme neutrophil 2285:2294 arg1 trafficking 2296:2306 neutrophil trafficking 2285:2306 neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues 2285:2330 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 4 85 theme initial 849:855 arg1 capillaries 867:877 initial lymphatic capillaries 849:877 initial lymphatic capillaries 849:877 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 9 86 with treatment 1820:1828 arg1 inhibitor 1866:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor 1835:1874 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 2 87 theme leukocyte 506:514 arg1 diapedesis 516:525 leukocyte diapedesis 506:525 leukocyte diapedesis 506:525 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 0 88 theme Initial 35:41 arg1 Glycocalyx 53:62 Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 35:62 Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 35:62 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 1 89 theme disease 303:309 arg1 development 311:321 disease development 303:321 disease development 303:321 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 1 89 theme disease 303:309 arg1 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 cellular 253:260 The glycocalyx is a dense layer of carbohydrate chains involved in numerous and fundamental biological processes, such as cellular and tissue homeostasis, inflammation and disease development. 31636638 9 90 theme neutrophil 1923:1932 arg1 migration 1934:1942 neutrophil migration 1923:1942 neutrophil migration into LVs 1923:1951 Mechanistically, treatment with a non-anticoagulant heparanase inhibitor suppressed LV HS degradation without impacting neutrophil migration into LVs. 31636638 3 91 theme lymphatic 726:734 arg1 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 LVs 745:747 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 3 91 theme lymphatic 726:734 arg1 vessels 736:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels 708:742 tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs) 708:748 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 2 92 theme vascular 475:482 arg1 functions 492:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 blood vascular barrier functions 469:500 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 0 93 theme Glycocalyx 53:62 arg1 Remodeling 21:30 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling 0:30 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx 0:62 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 0 94 theme Tissue-Fluid 74:85 arg1 Drainage 87:94 Tissue-Fluid Drainage 74:94 Tissue-Fluid Drainage 74:94 Heparanase-Dependent Remodeling of Initial Lymphatic Glycocalyx Regulates Tissue-Fluid Drainage During Acute Inflammation in vivo. 31636638 7 95 dep rapid 1401:1405 arg1 h 1418:1418 16 h 1415:1418 16 h 1415:1418 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 7 96 theme ear 1352:1354 arg1 skin 1356:1359 ear skin 1352:1359 ear skin 1352:1359 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 11 97 theme tissue-associated 2187:2203 arg1 LVs 2205:2207 tissue-associated LVs 2187:2207 tissue-associated LVs 2187:2207 Collectively, our data suggest that rapid remodeling of endothelial glycocalyx of tissue-associated LVs supports drainage of fluid and macromolecules but has no role in regulating neutrophil trafficking out of inflamed tissues via initial LVs. 31636638 4 98 theme homeostatic 914:924 arg1 conditions 939:948 homeostatic and inflamed conditions 914:948 homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx 914:1071 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 3 99 theme blood 568:572 arg1 endothelium 583:593 blood vascular endothelium 568:593 blood vascular endothelium 568:593 Interestingly, whilst the glycocalyx of blood vascular endothelium has been extensively studied, little is known about the composition and function of this glycan layer present on tissue-associated lymphatic vessels (LVs). 31636638 7 100 theme tissues 1341:1347 arg1 inflammation 1309:1320 inflammation 1309:1320 inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues 1309:1347 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 7 100 theme tissues 1341:1347 arg1 skin 1356:1359 ear skin 1352:1359 ear skin 1352:1359 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 10 101 theme glycocalyx 1991:2000 arg1 degradation 2002:2012 glycocalyx degradation 1991:2012 glycocalyx degradation 1991:2012 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 4 102 theme capillaries 867:877 arg1 glycocalyx 835:844 endothelial glycocalyx 823:844 endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries 823:877 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31636638 8 103 theme specific 1732:1739 arg1 depletion 1752:1760 specific neutrophil depletion 1732:1760 specific neutrophil depletion 1732:1760 Furthermore, whilst this response was associated with neutrophil recruitment from the blood circulation and their migration into tissue-associated LVs, specific neutrophil depletion did not impact LV glycocalyx remodeling. 31636638 7 104 theme sialic 1548:1553 arg1 acids 1555:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 α2,3-linked sialic acids 1536:1559 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 7 105 theme mouse 1325:1329 arg1 tissues 1341:1347 mouse cremaster tissues 1325:1347 mouse cremaster tissues 1325:1347 Interestingly, inflammation of mouse cremaster tissues or ear skin as induced by TNF-stimulation induced a rapid (within 16 h) remodeling of the LV glycocalyx, as observed by reduced expression of HS and galactosyl moieties, whilst levels of α2,3-linked sialic acids remains unchanged. 31636638 2 106 gly glycoproteins 351:363 arg1 glycoproteins 351:363 membrane-bound glycoproteins 336:363 membrane-bound glycoproteins 336:363 Composed of membrane-bound glycoproteins, sulfated proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycan side-chains, this structure is particularly essential for blood vascular barrier functions and leukocyte diapedesis. 31636638 10 107 theme initial 2038:2044 arg1 LVs 2046:2048 initial LVs 2038:2048 initial LVs 2038:2048 Interestingly however, inhibition of glycocalyx degradation reduced the capacity of initial LVs to drain interstitial fluid during acute inflammation. 31636638 4 108 theme murine 882:887 arg1 muscles 899:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 murine cremaster muscles 882:905 Here, we applied confocal microscopy to characterize the composition of endothelial glycocalyx of initial lymphatic capillaries in murine cremaster muscles during homeostatic and inflamed conditions using an anti-heparan sulfate (HS) antibody and a panel of lectins recognizing different glycan moieties of the glycocalyx. 31411777 7 0 theme tbr 1214:1216 arg1 mutants 1229:1235 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 mutants 1229:1235 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 9 1 theme potential 1674:1682 arg1 route 1684:1688 a potential route 1672:1688 a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species 1672:1760 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 5 2 theme powdery 871:877 arg1 susceptibility 886:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 9 3 theme powdery 1706:1712 arg1 resistance 1721:1730 powdery mildew resistance 1706:1730 powdery mildew resistance 1706:1730 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 6 4 theme lyase 1146:1150 arg1 gene 1152:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 8 5 theme mildew 1347:1352 arg1 resistance 1354:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 1 6 theme fungal 201:206 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 3 7 theme expressed 540:548 arg1 protein 555:561 heterologously expressed PMR5 protein 525:561 heterologously expressed PMR5 protein 525:561 Here, we show that heterologously expressed PMR5 protein transfers acetyl groups from [14 C]-acetyl-CoA to oligogalacturonides. 31411777 5 8 theme mutagenized 825:835 arg1 seed 842:845 mutagenized pmr5 seed 825:845 mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility 825:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 1 9 theme Powdery 110:116 arg1 mildew 118:123 Powdery mildew 110:123 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum) 110:153 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 1 9 theme Powdery 110:116 arg1 one 156:158 one 156:158 one 156:158 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 1 9 theme Powdery 110:116 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 8 10 theme multiple 1419:1426 arg1 strains 1428:1434 multiple strains 1419:1434 multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1419:1480 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 0 11 theme acetylation 9:19 arg1 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 0 11 theme acetylation 9:19 arg1 protein 21:27 an acetylation protein 6:27 an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens 6:107 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 5 12 theme suppressor 804:813 arg1 screen 815:820 A suppressor screen 802:820 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility 802:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 9 13 theme susceptible 1737:1747 arg1 species 1754:1760 susceptible crop species 1737:1760 susceptible crop species 1737:1760 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 3 14 theme acetyl 573:578 arg1 groups 580:585 acetyl groups 573:585 acetyl groups 573:585 Here, we show that heterologously expressed PMR5 protein transfers acetyl groups from [14 C]-acetyl-CoA to oligogalacturonides. 31411777 5 15 theme characterized 927:939 arg1 genes 941:945 two previously characterized genes 912:945 two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR 912:1020 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 8 16 theme generalist 1443:1452 arg1 cinerea 1474:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 2 17 contain carries 391:397 arg1 resistant 5 372:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 334:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) 334:389 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 17 contain carries 391:397 arg2 mutation 401:408 a mutation 399:408 a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew 399:503 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 17 contain carries 391:397 arg1 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 8 18 theme Botrytis 1465:1472 arg1 cinerea 1474:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 7 19 theme pectin 1281:1286 arg1 composition 1288:1298 pectin composition 1281:1298 pectin composition 1281:1298 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 3 20 theme C 596:596 arg1 -acetyl-CoA 598:608 [14 C]-acetyl-CoA 592:608 [14 C]-acetyl-CoA to oligogalacturonides 592:631 Here, we show that heterologously expressed PMR5 protein transfers acetyl groups from [14 C]-acetyl-CoA to oligogalacturonides. 31411777 2 21 theme enhanced 467:474 arg1 resistance 476:485 enhanced resistance 467:485 enhanced resistance to powdery mildew 467:503 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 22 from mutation 401:408 arg1 gene 449:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 4 23 theme amino 688:692 arg1 acids 694:698 three amino acids 682:698 three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs 682:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 0 24 theme biosynthesis 59:70 arg1 defense 76:82 defense 76:82 defense against fungal pathogens 76:107 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 0 24 theme biosynthesis 59:70 arg1 intersection 36:47 the intersection 32:47 the intersection of pectin biosynthesis 32:70 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 1 25 theme immune 319:324 arg1 system 326:331 the plant's innate immune system 300:331 the plant's innate immune system 300:331 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 1 26 dep mildew 118:123 arg1 cichoracearum 140:152 Golovinomyces cichoracearum 126:152 Golovinomyces cichoracearum 126:152 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 9 27 theme cell 1585:1588 arg1 composition 1595:1605 cell wall composition 1585:1605 cell wall composition 1585:1605 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 5 28 theme wall 987:990 arg1 polysaccharides 992:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 8 29 theme camalexin 1502:1510 arg1 production 1512:1521 decreased camalexin production 1492:1521 decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea 1492:1552 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 8 30 theme powdery 1339:1345 arg1 resistance 1354:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 0 31 theme fungal 92:97 arg1 pathogens 99:107 fungal pathogens 92:107 fungal pathogens 92:107 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 8 32 from contrast 1311:1318 arg1 susceptibile 1403:1414 susceptibile 1403:1414 susceptibile 1403:1414 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 2 33 theme putative 415:422 arg1 gene 449:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 4 34 theme esterase 726:733 arg1 domain 735:740 a highly conserved esterase domain 707:740 a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs 707:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 2 35 theme mildew 365:370 arg1 resistant 5 372:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 334:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) 334:389 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 35 theme mildew 365:370 arg1 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 0 36 from defense 76:82 arg1 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 0 36 from defense 76:82 arg1 protein 21:27 an acetylation protein 6:27 an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens 6:107 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 6 37 theme mildew 1070:1075 arg1 resistance 1085:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance 1062:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene 1062:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 8 38 with infection 1528:1536 arg1 B. cinerea 1543:1552 B. cinerea 1543:1552 B. cinerea 1543:1552 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 7 39 theme wall 1163:1166 arg1 analysis 1168:1175 Cell wall analysis 1158:1175 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6 1158:1192 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 1 40 theme cell 271:274 arg1 wall 276:279 the plant cell wall 261:279 the plant cell wall 261:279 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 5 41 theme plant 976:980 arg1 polysaccharides 992:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 6 42 from gene 1152:1155 arg1 defective 1114:1122 defective 1114:1122 defective 1114:1122 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 2 43 theme acetyltransferase 431:447 arg1 gene 449:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 6 44 from defective 1114:1122 arg1 gene 1152:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 1 45 theme pathogens 208:216 arg1 mildew 118:123 Powdery mildew 110:123 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum) 110:153 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 1 45 theme pathogens 208:216 arg1 one 156:158 one 156:158 one 156:158 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 1 45 theme pathogens 208:216 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 7 46 theme minor 1251:1255 arg1 shifts 1257:1262 minor shifts 1251:1262 minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition 1251:1298 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 2 47 theme mutant 350:355 arg1 resistant 5 372:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 334:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) 334:389 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 47 theme mutant 350:355 arg1 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 9 48 theme disease 1641:1647 arg1 resistance 1649:1658 fungal disease resistance 1634:1658 fungal disease resistance 1634:1658 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 7 49 theme suppressor 1218:1227 arg1 mutants 1229:1235 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 mutants 1229:1235 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 6 50 from resistance 1085:1094 arg1 pmr6 1099:1102 pmr6 1099:1102 pmr6 1099:1102 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 6 50 from resistance 1085:1094 arg1 mutant 1107:1112 a mutant 1105:1112 a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene 1105:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 4 51 theme site-directed 642:654 arg1 mutagenesis 656:666 site-directed mutagenesis 642:666 site-directed mutagenesis 642:666 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 3 52 theme PMR5 550:553 arg1 protein 555:561 heterologously expressed PMR5 protein 525:561 heterologously expressed PMR5 protein 525:561 Here, we show that heterologously expressed PMR5 protein transfers acetyl groups from [14 C]-acetyl-CoA to oligogalacturonides. 31411777 5 53 theme increased 861:869 arg1 susceptibility 886:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 7 54 from shifts 1257:1262 arg1 cellulose 1267:1275 cellulose 1267:1275 cellulose 1267:1275 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 7 54 from shifts 1257:1262 arg1 composition 1288:1298 pectin composition 1281:1298 pectin composition 1281:1298 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 8 55 contain have 1487:1490 arg2 production 1512:1521 decreased camalexin production 1492:1521 decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea 1492:1552 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 8 55 contain have 1487:1490 arg1 plants 1385:1390 both pmr5 and pmr6 plants 1366:1390 plants 1385:1390 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 8 56 from susceptibile 1403:1414 arg1 contrast 1311:1318 direct contrast 1304:1318 direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance 1304:1363 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 1 57 theme prolific 172:179 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 9 58 theme mildew 1714:1719 arg1 resistance 1721:1730 powdery mildew resistance 1706:1730 powdery mildew resistance 1706:1730 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 6 59 theme pectate 1138:1144 arg1 gene 1152:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 5 60 theme pmr5 837:840 arg1 seed 842:845 mutagenized pmr5 seed 825:845 mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility 825:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 1 61 dep pathogens 208:216 arg1 worldwide 218:226 worldwide 218:226 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 9 62 theme crop 1749:1752 arg1 species 1754:1760 susceptible crop species 1737:1760 susceptible crop species 1737:1760 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 8 63 theme necrotroph 1454:1463 arg1 cinerea 1474:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1439:1480 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 6 64 theme tbr 1036:1038 arg1 mutants 1040:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants 1023:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants 1023:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 8 65 theme cinerea 1474:1480 arg1 strains 1428:1434 multiple strains 1419:1434 multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea 1419:1480 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 4 66 theme PMR5 754:757 arg1 orthologs 759:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 0 67 theme pectin 52:57 arg1 biosynthesis 59:70 pectin biosynthesis 52:70 pectin biosynthesis 52:70 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 5 68 theme mildew 879:884 arg1 susceptibility 886:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 increased powdery mildew susceptibility 861:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 6 69 theme rwa2 1027:1030 arg1 mutants 1040:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants 1023:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants 1023:1046 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 1 70 theme innate 312:317 arg1 system 326:331 the plant's innate immune system 300:331 the plant's innate immune system 300:331 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 8 71 theme decreased 1492:1500 arg1 production 1512:1521 decreased camalexin production 1492:1521 decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea 1492:1552 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 8 72 theme direct 1304:1309 arg1 contrast 1311:1318 direct contrast 1304:1318 direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance 1304:1363 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 7 73 theme pmr6 1189:1192 arg1 mutants 1229:1235 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 mutants 1229:1235 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 7 73 theme pmr6 1189:1192 arg1 rwa2 1205:1208 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 rwa2 1205:1208 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 7 73 theme pmr6 1189:1192 arg1 analysis 1168:1175 Cell wall analysis 1158:1175 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6 1158:1192 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 5 74 theme cell 982:985 arg1 polysaccharides 992:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 plant cell wall polysaccharides 976:1006 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 0 75 from intersection 36:47 arg1 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5 0:3 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 0 75 from intersection 36:47 arg1 protein 21:27 an acetylation protein 6:27 an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens 6:107 PMR5, an acetylation protein at the intersection of pectin biosynthesis and defense against fungal pathogens. 31411777 4 76 theme putative 745:752 arg1 orthologs 759:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 6 77 theme defective 1114:1122 arg1 pmr6 1099:1102 pmr6 1099:1102 pmr6 1099:1102 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 6 77 theme defective 1114:1122 arg1 mutant 1107:1112 a mutant 1105:1112 a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene 1105:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 7 78 theme pmr5 1180:1183 arg1 mutants 1229:1235 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 mutants 1229:1235 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 7 78 theme pmr5 1180:1183 arg1 rwa2 1205:1208 their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants 1199:1235 rwa2 1205:1208 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 7 78 theme pmr5 1180:1183 arg1 analysis 1168:1175 Cell wall analysis 1158:1175 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6 1158:1192 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 1 79 theme obligate 181:188 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 5 80 theme polysaccharides 992:1006 arg1 TBR 1018:1020 TBR 1018:1020 TBR 1018:1020 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 5 80 theme polysaccharides 992:1006 arg1 RWA2 1009:1012 RWA2 1009:1012 RWA2 1009:1012 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 5 80 theme polysaccharides 992:1006 arg1 acetylation 961:971 the acetylation 957:971 the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides 957:1006 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 2 81 theme powdery 490:496 arg1 mildew 498:503 powdery mildew 490:503 powdery mildew 490:503 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 8 82 theme increased 1329:1337 arg1 resistance 1354:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 their increased powdery mildew resistance 1323:1363 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 4 83 from domain 735:740 arg1 orthologs 759:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 putative PMR5 orthologs 745:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 6 84 theme disease 1077:1083 arg1 resistance 1085:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance 1062:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene 1062:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 4 85 theme conserved 716:724 arg1 domain 735:740 a highly conserved esterase domain 707:740 a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs 707:767 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 2 86 theme powdery 357:363 arg1 resistant 5 372:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 334:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) 334:389 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 86 theme powdery 357:363 arg1 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 7 87 theme Cell 1158:1161 arg1 analysis 1168:1175 Cell wall analysis 1158:1175 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6 1158:1192 Cell wall analysis of pmr5 and pmr6, and their rwa2 and tbr suppressor mutants, demonstrates minor shifts in cellulose and pectin composition. 31411777 1 88 theme plant 265:269 arg1 wall 276:279 the plant cell wall 261:279 the plant cell wall 261:279 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 6 89 theme powdery 1062:1068 arg1 resistance 1085:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance 1062:1094 powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene 1062:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 1 90 theme biotrophic 190:199 arg1 pathogens 208:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens 163:216 the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide 163:226 Powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum), one of the most prolific obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens worldwide, infects its host by penetrating the plant cell wall without activating the plant's innate immune system. 31411777 9 91 theme wall 1590:1593 arg1 composition 1595:1605 cell wall composition 1585:1605 cell wall composition 1585:1605 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 8 92 theme pmr5 1371:1374 arg1 plants 1385:1390 both pmr5 and pmr6 plants 1366:1390 plants 1385:1390 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 6 93 theme putative 1129:1136 arg1 gene 1152:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 a putative pectate lyase gene 1127:1155 The rwa2 and tbr mutants also suppress powdery mildew disease resistance in pmr6, a mutant defective in a putative pectate lyase gene. 31411777 2 94 theme pectin 424:429 arg1 gene 449:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene 413:452 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 8 95 theme pmr6 1380:1383 arg1 plants 1385:1390 both pmr5 and pmr6 plants 1366:1390 plants 1385:1390 In direct contrast to their increased powdery mildew resistance, both pmr5 and pmr6 plants are highly susceptibile to multiple strains of the generalist necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, and have decreased camalexin production upon infection with B. cinerea. 31411777 5 96 theme seed 842:845 arg1 screen 815:820 A suppressor screen 802:820 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility 802:899 A suppressor screen of mutagenized pmr5 seed selecting for increased powdery mildew susceptibility identified two previously characterized genes affecting the acetylation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, RWA2 and TBR. 31411777 9 97 theme fungal 1634:1639 arg1 resistance 1649:1658 fungal disease resistance 1634:1658 fungal disease resistance 1634:1658 These results illustrate that cell wall composition is intimately connected to fungal disease resistance and outline a potential route for engineering powdery mildew resistance into susceptible crop species. 31411777 4 98 theme PMR5 787:790 arg1 function 792:799 PMR5 function 787:799 PMR5 function 787:799 Through site-directed mutagenesis, we show that three amino acids within a highly conserved esterase domain in putative PMR5 orthologs are necessary for PMR5 function. 31411777 2 99 theme Arabidopsis 338:348 arg1 resistant 5 372:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 334:382 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) 334:389 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31411777 2 99 theme Arabidopsis 338:348 arg1 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 pmr5 385:388 The Arabidopsis mutant powdery mildew resistant 5 (pmr5) carries a mutation in a putative pectin acetyltransferase gene that confers enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. 31320093 7 0 theme wound 1257:1261 arg1 dressings 1263:1271 wound dressings 1257:1271 wound dressings 1257:1271 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 4 1 theme favorable 676:684 arg1 performance 702:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 1 theme favorable 676:684 arg1 transparency 726:737 transparency 726:737 especially transparency 715:737 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 1 theme favorable 676:684 arg1 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 1 theme favorable 676:684 arg1 ability 756:762 water retention ability 740:762 water retention ability 740:762 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 5 2 contain had 894:896 arg2 biocompatibility 908:923 excellent biocompatibility 898:923 excellent biocompatibility 898:923 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 5 2 contain had 894:896 arg1 composite 884:892 the composite 880:892 the composite 880:892 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 1 3 theme cellulose 152:160 arg1 dressings 173:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 5 4 theme strong 939:944 arg1 effect 974:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 5 5 dep In 825:826 arg1 vitro 828:832 vitro 828:832 vitro 828:832 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 7 6 theme multiple 1147:1154 arg1 mechanisms 1156:1165 multiple mechanisms 1147:1165 multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing 1147:1202 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 5 7 theme excellent 898:906 arg1 biocompatibility 908:923 excellent biocompatibility 898:923 excellent biocompatibility 898:923 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 1 8 theme investigative 237:249 arg1 emphasis 251:258 investigative emphasis 237:258 investigative emphasis 237:258 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 7 9 theme future 1235:1240 arg1 development 1242:1252 future development 1235:1252 future development of wound dressings 1235:1271 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 3 10 theme novel 480:484 arg1 composite 486:494 a novel composite 478:494 a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) 478:607 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 5 11 theme experiment 846:855 arg1 results 857:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 3 12 theme natural 508:514 arg1 cellulose 526:534 natural bacterial cellulose 508:534 natural bacterial cellulose (BC) 508:539 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 3 12 theme natural 508:514 arg1 BC 537:538 BC 537:538 BC 537:538 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 1 13 theme -based 166:171 arg1 dressings 173:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 1 14 theme BC 163:164 arg1 dressings 173:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 0 15 theme wound 110:114 arg1 healing 116:122 wound healing 110:122 wound healing 110:122 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 3 16 theme bacterial 516:524 arg1 cellulose 526:534 natural bacterial cellulose 508:534 natural bacterial cellulose (BC) 508:539 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 3 16 theme bacterial 516:524 arg1 BC 537:538 BC 537:538 BC 537:538 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 0 17 theme transparent 7:17 arg1 membrane 46:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane 0:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects 0:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 7 18 theme dressings 1263:1271 arg1 development 1242:1252 future development 1235:1252 future development of wound dressings 1235:1271 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 5 19 theme antibacterial 960:972 arg1 effect 974:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 7 20 theme new 1221:1223 arg1 ideas 1225:1229 new ideas 1221:1229 new ideas for future development of wound dressings 1221:1271 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 2 21 theme low 366:368 arg1 flexibility 370:380 their low flexibility 360:380 their low flexibility 360:380 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 2 22 theme antibacterial 421:433 arg1 activity 435:442 no inherent antibacterial activity 409:442 no inherent antibacterial activity 409:442 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 7 23 theme composite 1118:1126 arg1 membrane 1128:1135 This composite membrane 1113:1135 This composite membrane 1113:1135 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 2 24 theme BC-based 282:289 arg1 products 291:298 the BC-based products 278:298 the BC-based products used for biomedical applications 278:331 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 3 25 theme new 617:619 arg1 approaches 631:640 new synthetic approaches 617:640 new synthetic approaches 617:640 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 2 26 theme inherent 412:419 arg1 activity 435:442 no inherent antibacterial activity 409:442 no inherent antibacterial activity 409:442 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 5 27 theme sustained 950:958 arg1 effect 974:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 strong and sustained antibacterial effect 939:979 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 4 28 theme retention 746:754 arg1 performance 702:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 28 theme retention 746:754 arg1 ability 756:762 water retention ability 740:762 water retention ability 740:762 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 3 29 theme polyethylene 542:553 arg1 PEG 563:565 PEG 563:565 PEG 563:565 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 3 29 theme polyethylene 542:553 arg1 glycol 555:560 polyethylene glycol 542:560 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 542:566 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 4 30 theme water 740:744 arg1 performance 702:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 30 theme water 740:744 arg1 ability 756:762 water retention ability 740:762 water retention ability 740:762 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 5 31 theme biochemical 834:844 arg1 results 857:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 0 32 theme composite 36:44 arg1 membrane 46:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane 0:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects 0:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 4 33 theme physicochemical 686:700 arg1 performance 702:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 33 theme physicochemical 686:700 arg1 transparency 726:737 transparency 726:737 especially transparency 715:737 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 33 theme physicochemical 686:700 arg1 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 33 theme physicochemical 686:700 arg1 ability 756:762 water retention ability 740:762 water retention ability 740:762 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 0 34 used used 91:94 arg2 membrane 46:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane 0:53 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects 0:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 4 35 theme anti-adhesion 810:822 arg1 performance 702:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 favorable physicochemical performance 676:712 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 35 theme anti-adhesion 810:822 arg1 transparency 726:737 transparency 726:737 especially transparency 715:737 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 35 theme anti-adhesion 810:822 arg1 characteristic 792:805 the characteristic 788:805 favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion 676:822 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 35 theme anti-adhesion 810:822 arg1 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 flexibility 765:775 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 4 35 theme anti-adhesion 810:822 arg1 ability 756:762 water retention ability 740:762 water retention ability 740:762 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 2 36 theme gas 388:390 arg1 permeability 392:403 poor gas permeability 383:403 poor gas permeability 383:403 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 6 37 theme rat 1102:1104 arg1 model 1106:1110 a rat model 1100:1110 a rat model 1100:1110 In vivo test further demonstrated that the composite could efficiently promote skin wound healing and regeneration in a rat model. 31320093 6 38 theme In 982:983 arg1 test 990:993 In vivo test 982:993 In vivo test 982:993 In vivo test further demonstrated that the composite could efficiently promote skin wound healing and regeneration in a rat model. 31320093 6 39 dep In 982:983 arg1 vivo 985:988 vivo 985:988 vivo 985:988 In vivo test further demonstrated that the composite could efficiently promote skin wound healing and regeneration in a rat model. 31320093 2 40 theme poor 383:386 arg1 permeability 392:403 poor gas permeability 383:403 poor gas permeability 383:403 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 7 41 theme cutaneous 1180:1188 arg1 healing 1196:1202 cutaneous wound healing 1180:1202 cutaneous wound healing 1180:1202 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 7 42 theme wound 1190:1194 arg1 healing 1196:1202 cutaneous wound healing 1180:1202 cutaneous wound healing 1180:1202 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 2 43 theme biomedical 309:318 arg1 applications 320:331 biomedical applications 309:331 biomedical applications 309:331 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 31320093 6 44 theme skin 1061:1064 arg1 healing 1072:1078 skin wound healing 1061:1078 skin wound healing 1061:1078 In vivo test further demonstrated that the composite could efficiently promote skin wound healing and regeneration in a rat model. 31320093 4 45 theme composite 647:655 arg1 membrane 657:664 The composite membrane 643:664 The composite membrane 643:664 The composite membrane exhibited favorable physicochemical performance, especially transparency, water retention ability, flexibility as well as the characteristic of anti-adhesion. 31320093 1 46 theme recent 128:133 arg1 years 135:139 recent years 128:139 recent years 128:139 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 6 47 theme wound 1066:1070 arg1 healing 1072:1078 skin wound healing 1061:1078 skin wound healing 1061:1078 In vivo test further demonstrated that the composite could efficiently promote skin wound healing and regeneration in a rat model. 31320093 3 48 theme synthetic 621:629 arg1 approaches 631:640 new synthetic approaches 617:640 new synthetic approaches 617:640 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 5 49 theme In 825:826 arg1 results 857:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results 825:863 In vitro biochemical experiment results indicated that the composite had excellent biocompatibility and exhibited strong and sustained antibacterial effect. 31320093 1 50 theme bacterial 142:150 arg1 dressings 173:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings 142:181 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 7 51 contain possesses 1137:1145 arg1 membrane 1128:1135 This composite membrane 1113:1135 This composite membrane 1113:1135 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 7 51 contain possesses 1137:1145 arg2 mechanisms 1156:1165 multiple mechanisms 1147:1165 multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing 1147:1202 This composite membrane possesses multiple mechanisms of promoting cutaneous wound healing and will provide new ideas for future development of wound dressings. 31320093 1 52 theme soft 206:209 arg1 repair 218:223 soft tissue repair 206:223 soft tissue repair 206:223 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 0 53 theme antimicrobial 69:81 arg1 effects 83:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 0 54 dep transparent 7:17 arg1 flexible 27:34 flexible 27:34 flexible 27:34 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 0 55 with membrane 46:53 arg1 effects 83:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 1 56 theme tissue 211:216 arg1 repair 218:223 soft tissue repair 206:223 soft tissue repair 206:223 In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based dressings or patches for skin or soft tissue repair have become investigative emphasis. 31320093 0 57 theme multiple 60:67 arg1 effects 83:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 multiple antimicrobial effects 60:89 Highly transparent, highly flexible composite membrane with multiple antimicrobial effects used for promoting wound healing. 31320093 3 58 theme polyhexamethylene 572:588 arg1 PHMB 603:606 PHMB 603:606 PHMB 603:606 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 3 58 theme polyhexamethylene 572:588 arg1 biguanidine 590:600 polyhexamethylene biguanidine 572:600 polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) 572:607 Herein, we proposed and designed a novel composite composed of natural bacterial cellulose (BC), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) through new synthetic approaches. 31320093 2 59 theme due 353:355 arg1 limitations 341:351 limitations 341:351 limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity 341:442 However, most of the BC-based products used for biomedical applications present limitations due to their low flexibility, poor gas permeability and no inherent antibacterial activity. 30776891 5 0 from percentage 1000:1009 arg1 CMCS 1045:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 1 theme @ 1044:1044 arg1 CMCS 1045:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 2 theme @ 1206:1206 arg1 CMCS 1207:1210 Cu@CMCS 1204:1210 Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1204:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 3 theme carboxymethyl 221:233 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 3 theme carboxymethyl 221:233 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 4 theme green 151:155 arg1 method 171:176 a green and versatile method 149:176 a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS 149:364 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 3 5 theme fiberlike 680:688 arg1 composites 709:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 4 6 dep larger 882:887 arg1 Rq 893:894 the Rq 889:894 the larger the Rq of the polymer matrix 878:916 It was found that the larger the Rq of the polymer matrix, the higher the drug payload. 30776891 1 7 theme versatile 161:169 arg1 method 171:176 a green and versatile method 149:176 a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS 149:364 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 8 theme X-ray 489:493 arg1 spectroscopy 509:520 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 489:520 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 489:520 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 3 9 theme ball-like 669:677 arg1 composites 709:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 0 10 theme Long-Acting 96:106 arg1 Release 122:128 the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 92:128 the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 92:128 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 0 11 theme Sustained 112:120 arg1 Release 122:128 the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 92:128 the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 92:128 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 1 12 theme Cu 344:345 arg1 ions 351:354 Cu(II) ions 344:354 Cu(II) ions 344:354 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 13 theme spectroscopy 509:520 arg1 analyses 522:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 6 14 theme polymer 1408:1414 arg1 shortcomings 1375:1386 the shortcomings 1371:1386 the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer 1371:1414 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 5 15 theme Cu 1084:1085 arg1 CMCS 1087:1090 Cu@CMCS 1084:1090 Cu@CMCS 1084:1090 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 3 16 theme Rq 732:733 arg1 nm 767:768 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm 747:768 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm 747:768 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 3 16 theme Rq 732:733 arg1 values 735:740 the matrix Rq values 721:740 the matrix Rq values 721:740 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 5 17 from % 1056:1056 arg1 h 1065:1065 326 h 1061:1065 326 h 1061:1065 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 18 theme ions 351:354 arg1 cross-linking 327:339 the cross-linking 323:339 the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS 323:364 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 0 19 theme @ 51:51 arg1 CMCS 52:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 1 20 theme macroscopic 266:276 arg1 control 284:290 a macroscopic shape control 264:290 a macroscopic shape control 264:290 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 3 21 theme average 778:784 arg1 μm 842:843 about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm 817:843 about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm 817:843 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 3 21 theme average 778:784 arg1 sizes 786:790 the average sizes 774:790 the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals 774:810 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 2 22 theme electron 414:421 arg1 microscopy 423:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 6 23 theme application 1486:1496 arg1 prospect 1498:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 2 24 theme matrix 653:658 arg1 Rq 638:639 Rq 638:639 Rq 638:639 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 2 24 theme matrix 653:658 arg1 roughness 626:634 the surface roughness 614:634 the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix 614:658 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 25 theme release 968:974 arg1 results 952:958 The results 948:958 The results of drug release 948:974 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 6 26 theme MOFs 1391:1394 arg1 shortcomings 1375:1386 the shortcomings 1371:1386 the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer 1371:1414 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 6 27 theme huge 1471:1474 arg1 prospect 1498:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 5 28 theme metal-organic 1251:1263 arg1 MOFs 1277:1280 MOFs 1277:1280 MOFs 1277:1280 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 28 theme metal-organic 1251:1263 arg1 frameworks 1265:1274 metal-organic frameworks 1251:1274 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) 1251:1281 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 0 29 theme Shape 74:78 arg1 Control 80:86 Macroscopic Shape Control 62:86 Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 62:128 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 1 30 theme designable 296:305 arg1 performance 307:317 designable performance 296:317 designable performance 296:317 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 3 31 theme crystals 803:810 arg1 μm 842:843 about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm 817:843 about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm 817:843 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 3 31 theme crystals 803:810 arg1 sizes 786:790 the average sizes 774:790 the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals 774:810 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 2 32 theme X-ray 442:446 arg1 diffraction 448:458 powder X-ray diffraction 435:458 powder X-ray diffraction 435:458 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 33 theme due 1212:1214 arg1 CMCS 1207:1210 Cu@CMCS 1204:1210 Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1204:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 6 34 theme delivery 1449:1456 arg1 system 1458:1463 a long-acting delivery system 1435:1463 a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect 1435:1505 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 5 35 theme HKUST-1 1122:1128 arg1 CMCS 1130:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 0 36 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 Method 7:12 Facile Method 0:12 Facile Method 0:12 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 4 37 dep higher 923:928 arg1 payload 939:945 the drug payload 930:945 the higher the drug payload 919:945 It was found that the larger the Rq of the polymer matrix, the higher the drug payload. 30776891 5 38 theme polymers 1287:1294 arg1 advantages 1237:1246 its complementary advantages 1219:1246 its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1219:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 39 theme fumarate 1023:1030 arg1 % 1056:1056 66% 1054:1056 66% 1054:1056 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 39 theme fumarate 1023:1030 arg1 percentage 1000:1009 the release percentage 988:1009 the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS 988:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 40 with cross-linking 327:339 arg1 CMCS 361:364 CMCS 361:364 CMCS 361:364 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 41 theme force 387:391 arg1 microscopy 393:402 atomic force microscopy 380:402 atomic force microscopy 380:402 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 0 42 theme Biological 33:42 arg1 CMCS 52:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 5 43 theme release 992:998 arg1 % 1056:1056 66% 1054:1056 66% 1054:1056 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 43 theme release 992:998 arg1 percentage 1000:1009 the release percentage 988:1009 the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS 988:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 44 theme release 1167:1173 arg1 property 1175:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 45 theme porous 204:209 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 45 theme porous 204:209 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 4 46 theme drug 934:937 arg1 payload 939:945 the drug payload 930:945 the higher the drug payload 919:945 It was found that the larger the Rq of the polymer matrix, the higher the drug payload. 30776891 4 47 theme polymer 903:909 arg1 matrix 911:916 the polymer matrix 899:916 the polymer matrix 899:916 It was found that the larger the Rq of the polymer matrix, the higher the drug payload. 30776891 5 48 theme HKUST-1 1037:1043 arg1 CMCS 1045:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 HKUST-1@CMCS 1037:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 49 theme drug 963:966 arg1 release 968:974 drug release 963:974 drug release 963:974 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 50 theme Cu 1204:1205 arg1 CMCS 1207:1210 Cu@CMCS 1204:1210 Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1204:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 51 theme @ 220:220 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 51 theme @ 220:220 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 52 theme HKUST-1 561:567 arg1 morphology 547:556 the morphology 543:556 the morphology of HKUST-1 543:567 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 53 from CMCS 1045:1048 arg1 % 1056:1056 66% 1054:1056 66% 1054:1056 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 53 from CMCS 1045:1048 arg1 percentage 1000:1009 the release percentage 988:1009 the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS 988:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 53 from CMCS 1045:1048 arg1 fumarate 1023:1030 dimethyl fumarate 1014:1030 dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS 1014:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 6 54 theme long-acting 1437:1447 arg1 system 1458:1463 a long-acting delivery system 1435:1463 a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect 1435:1505 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 2 55 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 461:482 arg1 analyses 522:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 2 56 theme polymer 645:651 arg1 matrix 653:658 polymer matrix 645:658 polymer matrix 645:658 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 6 57 theme interesting 1340:1350 arg1 way 1352:1354 an interesting way 1337:1354 an interesting way 1337:1354 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 3 58 theme membrane-like 695:707 arg1 composites 709:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites 665:718 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 2 59 theme photoelectron 495:507 arg1 spectroscopy 509:520 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 489:520 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 489:520 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 6 60 theme natural 1400:1406 arg1 polymer 1408:1414 natural polymer 1400:1414 natural polymer 1400:1414 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 5 61 theme @ 1086:1086 arg1 CMCS 1087:1090 Cu@CMCS 1084:1090 Cu@CMCS 1084:1090 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 2 62 theme microscopy 423:432 arg1 analyses 522:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 3 63 theme matrix 725:730 arg1 nm 767:768 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm 747:768 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm 747:768 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 3 63 theme matrix 725:730 arg1 values 735:740 the matrix Rq values 721:740 the matrix Rq values 721:740 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 0 64 theme Macroscopic 62:72 arg1 Control 80:86 Macroscopic Shape Control 62:86 Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release 62:128 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 1 65 theme shape 278:282 arg1 control 284:290 a macroscopic shape control 264:290 a macroscopic shape control 264:290 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 66 theme scanning 405:412 arg1 microscopy 423:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 6 67 theme potential 1476:1484 arg1 prospect 1498:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 a huge potential application prospect 1469:1505 Therefore, this study not only provided an interesting way to make up for the shortcomings of MOFs and natural polymer but also developed a long-acting delivery system for a huge potential application prospect. 30776891 2 68 theme diffraction 448:458 arg1 analyses 522:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 69 theme frameworks 1265:1274 arg1 advantages 1237:1246 its complementary advantages 1219:1246 its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1219:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 70 theme HKUST-1 245:251 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 70 theme HKUST-1 245:251 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 71 theme powder 435:440 arg1 diffraction 448:458 powder X-ray diffraction 435:458 powder X-ray diffraction 435:458 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 3 72 theme HKUST-1 795:801 arg1 crystals 803:810 HKUST-1 crystals 795:810 HKUST-1 crystals 795:810 For the ball-like, fiberlike, and membrane-like composites, the matrix Rq values were 887, 88.4, and 18.2 nm and the average sizes of HKUST-1 crystals were about 10.2, 5.9, and 1.7 μm, respectively. 30776891 5 73 theme complementary 1223:1235 arg1 advantages 1237:1246 its complementary advantages 1219:1246 its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1219:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 2 74 theme surface 618:624 arg1 Rq 638:639 Rq 638:639 Rq 638:639 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 2 74 theme surface 618:624 arg1 roughness 626:634 the surface roughness 614:634 the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix 614:658 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 75 theme dimethyl 1014:1021 arg1 fumarate 1023:1030 dimethyl fumarate 1014:1030 dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS 1014:1048 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 0 76 theme Novel 27:31 arg1 CMCS 52:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 1 77 theme @ 252:252 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 77 theme @ 252:252 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 2 78 theme microscopy 393:402 arg1 analyses 522:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses 380:529 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 79 theme long-acting 1141:1151 arg1 property 1175:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 0 80 theme HKUST-1 44:50 arg1 CMCS 52:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS 25:55 Facile Method To Prepare a Novel Biological HKUST-1@CMCS with Macroscopic Shape Control for the Long-Acting and Sustained Release. 30776891 2 81 theme atomic 380:385 arg1 microscopy 393:402 atomic force microscopy 380:402 atomic force microscopy 380:402 Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that the morphology of HKUST-1 could be controlled and changed by tailoring the surface roughness ( Rq) of polymer matrix. 30776891 5 82 theme sustained 1157:1165 arg1 property 1175:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 83 theme @ 1129:1129 arg1 CMCS 1130:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 84 theme Cu3 211:213 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 84 theme Cu3 211:213 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 5 85 dep h. 1104:1105 arg1 had 1135:1137 had 1135:1137 had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers 1135:1294 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 86 contain had 1135:1137 arg2 property 1175:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 a long-acting and sustained release property 1139:1182 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 5 86 contain had 1135:1137 arg1 CMCS 1130:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 the HKUST-1@CMCS 1118:1133 The results of drug release showed that the release percentage of dimethyl fumarate from HKUST-1@CMCS was 66% in 326 h, whereas that of Cu@CMCS was only 12 h. Obviously, the HKUST-1@CMCS had a long-acting and sustained release property compared to that of Cu@CMCS due to its complementary advantages of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymers. 30776891 1 87 theme BTC 215:217 arg1 chitosan 235:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan 189:242 hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) 189:257 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30776891 1 87 theme BTC 215:217 arg1 CMCS 253:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 HKUST-1@CMCS 245:256 We have developed a green and versatile method to prepare hierarchically porous Cu3(BTC)2@carboxymethyl chitosan (HKUST-1@CMCS) with a macroscopic shape control and designable performance via the cross-linking of Cu(II) ions with CMCS. 30524110 2 0 theme characteristic 557:570 arg1 matrix 572:577 the characteristic matrix 553:577 the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage 553:600 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 7 1 theme porous 1567:1572 arg1 structure 1574:1582 a porous structure 1565:1582 a porous structure 1565:1582 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 4 2 theme extracellular 931:943 arg1 production 952:961 extracellular matrix production 931:961 extracellular matrix production 931:961 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 6 3 theme elevated 1360:1367 arg1 level 1369:1373 an elevated level 1357:1373 an elevated level of mineralized matrix 1357:1395 Compared to controls, ALG/HAP constructs also showed an elevated level of mineralized matrix in vivo when implanted subcutaneously in mice. 30524110 7 4 theme ALG/HAP 1533:1539 arg1 scaffolds 1550:1558 ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds 1533:1558 ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds 1533:1558 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 4 5 theme phase 1046:1050 arg1 absence 1027:1033 absence 1027:1033 absence 1027:1033 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 4 5 theme phase 1046:1050 arg1 presence 1015:1022 presence 1015:1022 presence 1015:1022 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 7 6 theme scaffolds 1550:1558 arg1 printing 1521:1528 3D printing 1518:1528 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure 1518:1582 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 5 7 theme higher 1139:1144 arg1 levels 1146:1151 higher levels 1139:1151 higher levels of calcified cartilage markers 1139:1182 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 1 8 theme successful 212:221 arg1 repair 237:242 successful osteochondral repair 212:242 successful osteochondral repair 212:242 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 1 9 theme unmineralized 311:323 arg1 cartilage 325:333 the unmineralized cartilage 307:333 the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone 307:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 5 10 theme Collagen 1216:1223 arg1 X 1230:1230 Collagen type X 1216:1230 Collagen type X secretion 1216:1240 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 2 11 theme calcified 418:426 arg1 cartilage 428:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage 402:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs 402:461 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 5 12 theme phosphatase 1252:1262 arg1 activity 1270:1277 alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1243:1277 alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1243:1277 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 5 13 theme calcified 1156:1164 arg1 markers 1176:1182 calcified cartilage markers 1156:1182 calcified cartilage markers 1156:1182 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 0 14 theme three-dimensional 121:137 arg1 bioprinting 139:149 three-dimensional bioprinting 121:149 three-dimensional bioprinting 121:149 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 5 15 theme cartilage 1166:1174 arg1 markers 1176:1182 calcified cartilage markers 1156:1182 calcified cartilage markers 1156:1182 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 4 16 theme matrix 945:950 arg1 production 952:961 extracellular matrix production 931:961 extracellular matrix production 931:961 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 7 17 theme 3D 1518:1519 arg1 printing 1521:1528 3D printing 1518:1528 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure 1518:1582 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 5 18 from Chondrocytes 1053:1064 arg1 constructs 1077:1086 ALG/HAP constructs 1069:1086 ALG/HAP constructs 1069:1086 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 2 19 theme cartilage 592:600 arg1 matrix 572:577 the characteristic matrix 553:577 the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage 553:600 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 2 20 theme native 411:416 arg1 cartilage 428:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage 402:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs 402:461 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 1 21 from surface 355:361 arg1 cartilage 325:333 the unmineralized cartilage 307:333 the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone 307:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 7 22 theme precursors 1491:1500 arg1 printability 1448:1459 The printability 1444:1459 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1444:1500 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 1 23 theme osteochondral 223:235 arg1 repair 237:242 successful osteochondral repair 212:242 successful osteochondral repair 212:242 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 2 24 theme calcified 582:590 arg1 cartilage 592:600 calcified cartilage 582:600 calcified cartilage 582:600 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 3 25 theme sedimentation 752:764 arg1 tests 766:770 sedimentation tests 752:770 sedimentation tests 752:770 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 4 26 theme chondrocyte 891:901 arg1 survival 903:910 chondrocyte survival 891:910 chondrocyte survival 891:910 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 2 27 from cartilage 428:436 arg1 constructs 452:461 engineered constructs 441:461 engineered constructs 441:461 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 5 28 theme markers 1176:1182 arg1 levels 1146:1151 higher levels 1139:1151 higher levels of calcified cartilage markers 1139:1182 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 3 29 theme dispersive 805:814 arg1 spectroscopy 816:827 energy dispersive spectroscopy 798:827 energy dispersive spectroscopy 798:827 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 0 30 theme hydroxyapatite/alginate 12:34 arg1 hydrogel 46:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 7 31 theme hydrogel 1482:1489 arg1 precursors 1491:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 3 32 theme electron 773:780 arg1 microscopy 782:791 electron microscopy 773:791 electron microscopy 773:791 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 0 33 theme Homogeneous 0:10 arg1 hydrogel 46:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 5 34 theme alkaline 1243:1250 arg1 phosphatase 1252:1262 alkaline phosphatase 1243:1262 alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1243:1277 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 5 34 theme alkaline 1243:1250 arg1 ALP 1265:1267 ALP 1265:1267 ALP 1265:1267 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 6 35 theme ALG/HAP 1326:1332 arg1 constructs 1334:1343 ALG/HAP constructs 1326:1343 ALG/HAP constructs 1326:1343 Compared to controls, ALG/HAP constructs also showed an elevated level of mineralized matrix in vivo when implanted subcutaneously in mice. 30524110 1 36 theme articulating 342:353 arg1 surface 355:361 the articulating surface 338:361 the articulating surface 338:361 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 1 37 from cartilage 325:333 arg1 transition 291:300 a biological and mechanical transition 263:300 a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone 263:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 7 38 theme ALG/HAP 1464:1470 arg1 precursors 1491:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 4 39 theme ALG/HAP 871:877 arg1 composites 879:888 ALG/HAP composites 871:888 ALG/HAP composites 871:888 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 8 40 from HAP 1639:1641 arg1 hydrogel 1650:1657 ALG hydrogel 1646:1657 ALG hydrogel 1646:1657 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 0 41 theme composite 36:44 arg1 hydrogel 46:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel 0:53 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 3 42 theme homogeneous 683:693 arg1 dispersal 695:703 homogeneous dispersal 683:703 homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel 683:730 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 1 43 theme Calcified 152:160 arg1 regeneration 172:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration 152:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration 152:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 2 44 theme engineered 441:450 arg1 constructs 452:461 engineered constructs 441:461 engineered constructs 441:461 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 0 45 theme calcified 64:72 arg1 deposition 91:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 8 46 theme 3D 1790:1791 arg1 bioprinting 1793:1803 3D bioprinting 1790:1803 3D bioprinting 1790:1803 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 8 47 contain have 1767:1770 arg1 composites 1756:1765 ALG/HAP composites 1748:1765 ALG/HAP composites 1748:1765 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 8 47 contain have 1767:1770 arg2 potential 1776:1784 the potential 1772:1784 the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration 1772:1834 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 3 48 theme HAP 652:654 arg1 dispersant 638:647 a dispersant 636:647 a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG) 636:676 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 3 48 theme HAP 652:654 arg1 citrate 610:616 Sodium citrate 603:616 Sodium citrate (SC) 603:621 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 8 49 theme osteochondral 1809:1821 arg1 regeneration 1823:1834 osteochondral regeneration 1809:1834 osteochondral regeneration 1809:1834 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 5 50 theme type 1225:1228 arg1 X 1230:1230 Collagen type X 1216:1230 Collagen type X secretion 1216:1240 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 4 51 dep presence 1015:1022 arg1 the 1011:1013 the 1011:1013 the 1011:1013 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 7 52 theme hydrogel 1541:1548 arg1 scaffolds 1550:1558 ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds 1533:1558 ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds 1533:1558 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 8 53 theme calcified 1694:1702 arg1 matrix 1704:1709 calcified matrix 1694:1709 calcified matrix 1694:1709 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 1 54 theme biological 265:274 arg1 transition 291:300 a biological and mechanical transition 263:300 a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone 263:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 0 55 theme matrix 84:89 arg1 deposition 91:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 1 56 theme underlying 370:379 arg1 bone 393:396 the underlying mineralized bone 366:396 the underlying mineralized bone 366:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 6 57 theme mineralized 1378:1388 arg1 matrix 1390:1395 mineralized matrix 1378:1395 mineralized matrix 1378:1395 Compared to controls, ALG/HAP constructs also showed an elevated level of mineralized matrix in vivo when implanted subcutaneously in mice. 30524110 3 58 theme energy 798:803 arg1 spectroscopy 816:827 energy dispersive spectroscopy 798:827 energy dispersive spectroscopy 798:827 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 1 59 theme cartilage 162:170 arg1 regeneration 172:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration 152:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration 152:183 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 0 60 theme cartilage 74:82 arg1 deposition 91:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 calcified cartilage matrix deposition 64:100 Homogeneous hydroxyapatite/alginate composite hydrogel promotes calcified cartilage matrix deposition with potential for three-dimensional bioprinting. 30524110 1 61 theme mineralized 381:391 arg1 bone 393:396 the underlying mineralized bone 366:396 the underlying mineralized bone 366:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 4 62 theme composites 879:888 arg1 performance 856:866 the biological performance 841:866 the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites 841:888 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 2 63 theme biomimic 402:409 arg1 cartilage 428:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage 402:436 biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs 402:461 To biomimic native calcified cartilage in engineered constructs, here we test the hypothesis that hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulates chondrocytes to secrete the characteristic matrix of calcified cartilage. 30524110 7 64 with printing 1521:1528 arg1 structure 1574:1582 a porous structure 1565:1582 a porous structure 1565:1582 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 3 65 theme ALG 719:721 arg1 hydrogel 723:730 ALG hydrogel 719:730 ALG hydrogel 719:730 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 6 66 theme matrix 1390:1395 arg1 level 1369:1373 an elevated level 1357:1373 an elevated level of mineralized matrix 1357:1395 Compared to controls, ALG/HAP constructs also showed an elevated level of mineralized matrix in vivo when implanted subcutaneously in mice. 30524110 5 67 theme mineral 1284:1290 arg1 deposition 1292:1301 mineral deposition 1284:1301 mineral deposition 1284:1301 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 4 68 theme mineralization 968:981 arg1 potential 983:991 mineralization potential 968:991 mineralization potential 968:991 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 1 69 theme mechanical 280:289 arg1 transition 291:300 a biological and mechanical transition 263:300 a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone 263:396 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 4 70 theme HAP 1042:1044 arg1 phase 1046:1050 the HAP phase 1038:1050 the HAP phase 1038:1050 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 3 71 theme HAP 708:710 arg1 dispersal 695:703 homogeneous dispersal 683:703 homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel 683:730 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 5 72 theme ALG/HAP 1069:1075 arg1 constructs 1077:1086 ALG/HAP constructs 1069:1086 ALG/HAP constructs 1069:1086 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 30524110 8 73 theme ALG/HAP 1748:1754 arg1 composites 1756:1765 ALG/HAP composites 1748:1765 ALG/HAP composites 1748:1765 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 1 74 theme important 194:202 arg1 role 204:207 an important role 191:207 an important role 191:207 Calcified cartilage regeneration plays an important role in successful osteochondral repair, since it provides a biological and mechanical transition from the unmineralized cartilage at the articulating surface to the underlying mineralized bone. 30524110 8 75 theme ALG 1646:1648 arg1 hydrogel 1650:1657 ALG hydrogel 1646:1657 ALG hydrogel 1646:1657 In summary, these results confirm the hypothesis that HAP in ALG hydrogel stimulates chondrocytes to secrete calcified matrix in vitro and in vivo and reveal that ALG/HAP composites have the potential for 3D bioprinting and osteochondral regeneration. 30524110 4 76 theme biological 845:854 arg1 performance 856:866 the biological performance 841:866 the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites 841:888 To examine the biological performance of ALG/HAP composites, chondrocyte survival and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and mineralization potential were evaluated in the presence or absence of the HAP phase. 30524110 3 77 theme Sodium 603:608 arg1 SC 619:620 SC 619:620 SC 619:620 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 3 77 theme Sodium 603:608 arg1 citrate 610:616 Sodium citrate 603:616 Sodium citrate (SC) 603:621 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 3 77 theme Sodium 603:608 arg1 dispersant 638:647 a dispersant 636:647 a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG) 636:676 Sodium citrate (SC) was added as a dispersant of HAP within alginate (ALG), and homogeneous dispersal of HAP within ALG hydrogel was confirmed using sedimentation tests, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. 30524110 7 78 theme composite 1472:1480 arg1 precursors 1491:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors 1464:1500 The printability of ALG/HAP composite hydrogel precursors was verified by 3D printing of ALG/HAP hydrogel scaffolds with a porous structure. 30524110 5 79 theme X 1230:1230 arg1 secretion 1232:1240 Collagen type X secretion 1216:1240 Collagen type X secretion 1216:1240 Chondrocytes in ALG/HAP constructs survived well and proliferated, but also expressed higher levels of calcified cartilage markers compared to controls, including Collagen type X secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineral deposition. 29729343 0 0 theme magnetic 51:58 arg1 composite 84:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 6 1 theme material 956:963 arg1 toxicity 917:924 toxicity 917:924 toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material 917:963 We have also evaluated toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material by examining on A549 cells. 29729343 4 2 theme MCGO 654:657 arg1 material 669:676 MCGO composite material 654:676 MCGO composite material 654:676 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 4 3 theme second 729:734 arg1 model 750:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 6 4 theme MCGO 941:944 arg1 material 956:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 We have also evaluated toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material by examining on A549 cells. 29729343 1 5 theme batch 231:235 arg1 mode 237:240 batch mode 231:240 batch mode 231:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 0 6 theme oxide 78:82 arg1 composite 84:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 7 7 from 50 μg 1077:1081 arg1 % 1091:1091 44.8% 1087:1091 44.8% at 100 μg 1087:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 7 from 50 μg 1077:1081 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 7 from 50 μg 1077:1081 arg1 % 1072:1072 53.7% 1068:1072 53.7% at 50 μg 1068:1081 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 8 theme viable 1042:1047 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 4 9 theme pseudo 722:727 arg1 model 750:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 6 10 theme A549 981:984 arg1 cells 986:990 A549 cells 981:990 A549 cells 981:990 We have also evaluated toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material by examining on A549 cells. 29729343 0 11 theme chitosan/graphene 60:76 arg1 composite 84:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite 49:92 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 7 12 theme cell 1049:1052 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 2 13 theme composite 252:260 arg1 material 262:269 The MCGO composite material 243:269 The MCGO composite material 243:269 The MCGO composite material was synthesized via modified Hummers method. 29729343 3 14 theme scanning 447:454 arg1 SEM 477:479 SEM 477:479 SEM 477:479 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 14 theme scanning 447:454 arg1 microscopy 465:474 scanning electron microscopy 447:474 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 447:480 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 15 theme MCGO 320:323 arg1 material 335:342 The MCGO composite material 316:342 The MCGO composite material 316:342 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 4 16 theme material 669:676 arg1 mechanism 641:649 The adsorption mechanism 626:649 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material 626:676 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 5 17 theme aqueous 876:882 arg1 solution 884:891 aqueous solution 876:891 aqueous solution 876:891 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 2 18 theme MCGO 247:250 arg1 material 262:269 The MCGO composite material 243:269 The MCGO composite material 243:269 The MCGO composite material was synthesized via modified Hummers method. 29729343 5 19 theme composite 810:818 arg1 material 820:827 The MCGO composite material 801:827 The MCGO composite material 801:827 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 3 20 theme composite 325:333 arg1 material 335:342 The MCGO composite material 316:342 The MCGO composite material 316:342 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 21 theme electron 494:501 arg1 microscopy 503:512 Tunnelling electron microscopy 483:512 Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM) 483:518 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 21 theme electron 494:501 arg1 TEM 515:517 TEM 515:517 TEM 515:517 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 22 theme infrared 416:423 arg1 FT-IR 439:443 FT-IR 439:443 FT-IR 439:443 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 22 theme infrared 416:423 arg1 spectroscopy 425:436 infrared spectroscopy 416:436 infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 416:444 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 23 theme powder 365:370 arg1 PXRD 391:394 PXRD 391:394 PXRD 391:394 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 23 theme powder 365:370 arg1 diffraction 378:388 powder x-ray diffraction 365:388 powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) 365:395 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 2 24 theme modified 291:298 arg1 method 308:313 modified Hummers method 291:313 modified Hummers method 291:313 The MCGO composite material was synthesized via modified Hummers method. 29729343 7 25 theme % 1091:1091 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 1 26 theme lead 158:161 arg1 adsorption 144:153 the adsorption 140:153 the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 140:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 3 27 theme x-ray 372:376 arg1 PXRD 391:394 PXRD 391:394 PXRD 391:394 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 27 theme x-ray 372:376 arg1 diffraction 378:388 powder x-ray diffraction 365:388 powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) 365:395 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 7 28 theme MCGO 1021:1024 arg1 material 1026:1033 MCGO material 1021:1033 MCGO material 1021:1033 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 3 29 theme thermogravimetric 521:537 arg1 TGA 549:551 TGA 549:551 TGA 549:551 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 29 theme thermogravimetric 521:537 arg1 analysis 539:546 thermogravimetric analysis 521:546 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 521:552 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 0 30 theme toxicity 102:109 arg1 studies 111:117 its toxicity studies 98:117 its toxicity studies 98:117 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 5 31 theme metal 865:869 arg1 removal 849:855 the removal 845:855 the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution 845:891 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 0 32 dep using 43:47 arg1 II 17:18 II 17:18 II 17:18 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 1 33 theme magnetic 169:176 arg1 material 219:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material 169:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 169:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 0 34 theme Pb 14:15 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of Pb 0:15 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 3 35 theme Tunnelling 483:492 arg1 microscopy 503:512 Tunnelling electron microscopy 483:512 Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM) 483:518 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 35 theme Tunnelling 483:492 arg1 TEM 515:517 TEM 515:517 TEM 515:517 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 36 theme UV-vis 588:593 arg1 spectra 617:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 4 37 theme Langmuir 700:707 arg1 isotherm 709:716 Langmuir isotherm 700:716 Langmuir isotherm 700:716 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 1 38 theme chitosan/graphene 178:194 arg1 material 219:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material 169:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 169:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 3 39 theme diffusive 595:603 arg1 spectra 617:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 4 40 theme high 764:767 arg1 <0.99 793:797 <0.99 793:797 <0.99 793:797 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 4 40 theme high 764:767 arg1 coefficient 780:790 a high regression coefficient 762:790 a high regression coefficient (<0.99) 762:798 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 1 41 theme oxide 196:200 arg1 material 219:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material 169:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 169:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 6 42 theme synthesized 929:939 arg1 material 956:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 We have also evaluated toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material by examining on A549 cells. 29729343 3 43 dep Fourier 398:404 arg1 transform 406:414 transform 406:414 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 406:444 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 0 44 theme aqueous 26:32 arg1 solution 34:41 aqueous solution 26:41 aqueous solution 26:41 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution using a magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composite and its toxicity studies. 29729343 3 45 theme electron 456:463 arg1 SEM 477:479 SEM 477:479 SEM 477:479 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 3 45 theme electron 456:463 arg1 microscopy 465:474 scanning electron microscopy 447:474 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 447:480 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 7 46 theme % 1072:1072 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 47 from percentage 1054:1063 arg1 100 μg 1096:1101 100 μg 1096:1101 100 μg 1096:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 47 from percentage 1054:1063 arg1 50 μg 1077:1081 50 μg 1077:1081 50 μg 1077:1081 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 1 48 from material 219:226 arg1 mode 237:240 batch mode 231:240 batch mode 231:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 4 49 theme regression 769:778 arg1 <0.99 793:797 <0.99 793:797 <0.99 793:797 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 4 49 theme regression 769:778 arg1 coefficient 780:790 a high regression coefficient 762:790 a high regression coefficient (<0.99) 762:798 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 4 50 theme composite 659:667 arg1 material 669:676 MCGO composite material 654:676 MCGO composite material 654:676 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 5 51 from solution 884:891 arg1 removal 849:855 the removal 845:855 the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution 845:891 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 5 52 theme lead 860:863 arg1 metal 865:869 lead metal 860:869 lead metal 860:869 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 1 53 theme MCGO 203:206 arg1 material 219:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material 169:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 169:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 4 54 theme order 736:740 arg1 model 750:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 3 55 theme reflectance 605:615 arg1 spectra 617:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra 588:623 The MCGO composite material was characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Tunnelling electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectra. 29729343 4 56 theme kinetic 742:748 arg1 model 750:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 pseudo second order kinetic model 722:754 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 2 57 theme Hummers 300:306 arg1 method 308:313 modified Hummers method 291:313 modified Hummers method 291:313 The MCGO composite material was synthesized via modified Hummers method. 29729343 5 58 theme MCGO 805:808 arg1 material 820:827 The MCGO composite material 801:827 The MCGO composite material 801:827 The MCGO composite material was applied for the removal of lead metal from aqueous solution. 29729343 1 59 theme composite 209:217 arg1 material 219:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material 169:226 magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode 169:240 This study involves the adsorption of lead using magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide (MCGO) composite material in batch mode. 29729343 7 60 from 100 μg 1096:1101 arg1 % 1091:1091 44.8% 1087:1091 44.8% at 100 μg 1087:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 60 from 100 μg 1096:1101 arg1 percentage 1054:1063 viable cell percentage 1042:1063 viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg 1042:1101 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 7 60 from 100 μg 1096:1101 arg1 % 1072:1072 53.7% 1068:1072 53.7% at 50 μg 1068:1081 The results have shown that MCGO material showed viable cell percentage of 53.7% at 50 μg and 44.8% at 100 μg. 29729343 4 61 theme adsorption 630:639 arg1 mechanism 641:649 The adsorption mechanism 626:649 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material 626:676 The adsorption mechanism of MCGO composite material was well described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic model, with a high regression coefficient (<0.99). 29729343 6 62 theme composite 946:954 arg1 material 956:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 synthesized MCGO composite material 929:963 We have also evaluated toxicity of synthesized MCGO composite material by examining on A549 cells. 30599330 3 0 theme As 775:776 arg1 removal 764:770 the removal 760:770 the removal of As and Cd 760:783 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 6 1 theme HCl 1281:1283 arg1 performance 1256:1266 The performance 1252:1266 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent 1252:1307 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 6 1 theme HCl 1281:1283 arg1 p < 0.05 1351:1358 p < 0.05 1351:1358 p < 0.05 1351:1358 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 6 1 theme HCl 1281:1283 arg1 superior 1313:1320 superior 1313:1320 superior 1313:1320 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 4 2 with model 920:924 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 5 3 theme contact 1080:1086 arg1 period 1088:1093 contact period 1080:1093 contact period 1080:1093 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 8 4 theme contaminants 1679:1690 arg1 decontamination 1651:1665 the decontamination 1647:1665 the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties 1647:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 8 5 theme such 1697:1700 arg1 beads 1718:1722 such novel composite beads 1697:1722 such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties 1697:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 8 6 theme physico-chemical 1748:1763 arg1 properties 1765:1774 varied physico-chemical properties 1741:1774 varied physico-chemical properties 1741:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 1 7 theme dire 174:177 arg1 necessity 179:187 a dire necessity 172:187 a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) 172:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 8 8 theme composite 1708:1716 arg1 beads 1718:1722 such novel composite beads 1697:1722 such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties 1697:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 2 9 theme alginate 479:486 arg1 microcapsules 454:466 the polymeric microcapsules 440:466 the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs) 440:493 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 0 10 theme cost-effective 113:126 arg1 approach 128:135 A cost-effective approach 111:135 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 0:161 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 3 11 theme constant 535:542 arg1 pH 544:545 constant pH (6.5) 535:551 constant pH (6.5) 535:551 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 1 12 theme low 203:205 arg1 systems 234:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 8 13 theme varied 1741:1746 arg1 properties 1765:1774 varied physico-chemical properties 1741:1774 varied physico-chemical properties 1741:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 5 14 theme mixed 1138:1142 arg1 system 1166:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system 1134:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1) 1134:1184 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 14 theme mixed 1138:1142 arg1 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 7 15 theme CABs-MO 1513:1519 arg1 feasibility 1498:1508 the feasibility 1494:1508 the feasibility of CABs-MO 1494:1519 Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. 30599330 7 15 theme CABs-MO 1513:1519 arg1 adsorbent 1546:1554 adsorbent 1546:1554 adsorbent 1546:1554 Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. 30599330 3 16 theme removal 688:694 arg1 kinetics 696:703 removal kinetics 688:703 removal kinetics 688:703 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 1 17 theme metalloids 298:307 arg1 removal 261:267 the efficient removal 247:267 the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) 247:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 2 18 theme nanocrystalline 416:430 arg1 MnO2 432:435 nanocrystalline MnO2 416:435 nanocrystalline MnO2 416:435 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 5 19 dep 6.5 mg g-1 1055:1064 arg1 up 1049:1050 up 1049:1050 up 1049:1050 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 6 20 theme regeneration 1424:1435 arg1 cycles 1437:1442 three to five regeneration cycles 1410:1442 three to five regeneration cycles 1410:1442 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 0 21 theme MnO2 78:81 arg1 beads 104:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 2 22 theme polymeric 444:452 arg1 microcapsules 454:466 the polymeric microcapsules 440:466 the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs) 440:493 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 3 23 theme hybrid 728:733 arg1 CABs-MO 747:753 CABs-MO 747:753 CABs-MO 747:753 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 23 theme hybrid 728:733 arg1 biopolymer 735:744 hybrid biopolymer 728:744 hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) 728:754 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 0 24 theme alginate 95:102 arg1 beads 104:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 4 25 theme isotherm 911:918 arg1 model 920:924 the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model 854:924 model 920:924 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 0 26 theme Sustainable 0:10 arg1 removal 12:18 Sustainable removal 0:18 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 0:161 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 1 27 theme efficient 251:259 arg1 removal 261:267 the efficient removal 247:267 the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) 247:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 5 28 theme period 1088:1093 arg1 12 h 1072:1075 12 h 1072:1075 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system 1072:1124 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 0 29 theme arsenic 34:40 arg1 removal 12:18 Sustainable removal 0:18 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 0:161 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 1 30 theme heavy 280:284 arg1 metals 286:291 noxious heavy metals 272:291 noxious heavy metals 272:291 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 1 30 theme heavy 280:284 arg1 Cadmium 335:341 Cadmium 335:341 Cadmium (Cd) 335:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 1 30 theme heavy 280:284 arg1 Arsenic 318:324 Arsenic 318:324 Arsenic (As) 318:329 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 5 31 theme As 1021:1022 arg1 rate 1032:1035 The As removal rate 1017:1035 The As removal rate 1017:1035 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 31 theme As 1021:1022 arg1 maximum 1041:1047 maximum 1041:1047 maximum 1041:1047 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 0 32 theme cadmium 46:52 arg1 removal 12:18 Sustainable removal 0:18 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 0:161 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 4 33 theme monolayer 955:963 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 3 34 theme initial 584:590 arg1 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 34 theme initial 584:590 arg1 concentrations 592:605 different initial concentrations 574:605 different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) 574:621 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 5 35 from 12 h 1072:1075 arg1 system 1119:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 6 36 theme regenerating 1290:1301 arg1 agent 1303:1307 a regenerating agent 1288:1307 a regenerating agent 1288:1307 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 1 37 theme water 218:222 arg1 systems 234:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 6 38 dep superior 1313:1320 arg1 performance 1256:1266 The performance 1252:1266 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent 1252:1307 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 6 38 dep superior 1313:1320 arg1 p < 0.05 1351:1358 p < 0.05 1351:1358 p < 0.05 1351:1358 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 6 38 dep superior 1313:1320 arg1 superior 1313:1320 superior 1313:1320 superior 1313:1320 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 1 39 theme metals 286:291 arg1 removal 261:267 the efficient removal 247:267 the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) 247:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 4 40 theme kinetic 878:884 arg1 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 4 40 theme kinetic 878:884 arg1 R2 ≥ 0.99 887:895 the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model 854:924 R2 ≥ 0.99 887:895 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 5 41 from maximum 1041:1047 arg1 system 1166:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system 1134:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1) 1134:1184 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 41 from maximum 1041:1047 arg1 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 8 42 theme emerging 1670:1677 arg1 contaminants 1679:1690 emerging contaminants 1670:1690 emerging contaminants 1670:1690 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 6 43 theme 10 mM 1275:1279 arg1 HCl 1281:1283 the 10 mM HCl 1271:1283 the 10 mM HCl 1271:1283 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 7 44 theme metal 1569:1573 arg1 contaminants 1575:1586 metal contaminants 1569:1586 metal contaminants from the wastewater 1569:1606 Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. 30599330 3 45 theme contact 627:633 arg1 0-48 h 642:647 0-48 h 642:647 0-48 h 642:647 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 45 theme contact 627:633 arg1 times 635:639 contact times 627:639 contact times (0-48 h) 627:648 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 8 46 theme novel 1702:1706 arg1 beads 1718:1722 such novel composite beads 1697:1722 such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties 1697:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 3 47 theme Batch 496:500 arg1 experiments 502:512 Batch experiments 496:512 Batch experiments 496:512 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 4 48 with R2 ≥ 0.99 887:895 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 4 49 theme 63.6 mg g-1 986:996 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 4 50 from Cd 1002:1003 arg1 CABs-MO 1008:1014 CABs-MO 1008:1014 CABs-MO 1008:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 4 51 theme pseudo-equilibrium 790:807 arg1 process 809:815 The pseudo-equilibrium process 786:815 The pseudo-equilibrium process 786:815 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 0 52 theme wastewater 141:150 arg1 treatment 152:160 wastewater treatment 141:160 wastewater treatment 141:160 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 6 53 theme distilled 1381:1389 arg1 DW 1398:1399 DW 1398:1399 DW 1398:1399 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 6 53 theme distilled 1381:1389 arg1 water 1391:1395 distilled water 1381:1395 distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles 1381:1442 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 3 54 theme adsorption 663:672 arg1 isotherms 674:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 6 55 dep p < 0.05 1351:1358 arg1 t-test 1361:1366 t-test 1361:1366 t-test 1361:1366 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 5 56 theme contaminant 1144:1154 arg1 system 1166:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system 1134:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1) 1134:1184 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 56 theme contaminant 1144:1154 arg1 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 3 57 theme pristine 708:715 arg1 isotherms 674:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 57 theme pristine 708:715 arg1 kinetics 696:703 removal kinetics 688:703 removal kinetics 688:703 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 0 58 theme novel 59:63 arg1 composite 65:73 a novel composite 57:73 a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 57:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 0 58 theme novel 59:63 arg1 beads 104:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 3 59 theme biopolymer 735:744 arg1 isotherms 674:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 the adsorption isotherms 659:682 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 59 theme biopolymer 735:744 arg1 kinetics 696:703 removal kinetics 688:703 removal kinetics 688:703 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 2 60 theme MnO2 432:435 arg1 entrapment 402:411 the entrapment 398:411 the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs) 398:493 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 1 61 theme cost 207:210 arg1 systems 234:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 5 62 theme contaminant 1107:1117 arg1 system 1119:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 4 63 theme pseudo-second-order 858:876 arg1 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 R2 ≥ 0.99 927:935 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 4 63 theme pseudo-second-order 858:876 arg1 R2 ≥ 0.99 887:895 the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model 854:924 R2 ≥ 0.99 887:895 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 0 64 theme impregnated 83:93 arg1 beads 104:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 0 65 theme beads 104:108 arg1 composite 65:73 a novel composite 57:73 a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 57:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 0 65 theme beads 104:108 arg1 beads 104:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 MnO2 impregnated alginate beads 78:108 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 8 66 theme Further 1609:1615 arg1 research 1617:1624 Further research 1609:1624 Further research 1609:1624 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 3 67 theme Cd 782:783 arg1 removal 764:770 the removal 760:770 the removal of As and Cd 760:783 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 7 68 from wastewater 1597:1606 arg1 contaminants 1575:1586 metal contaminants 1569:1586 metal contaminants from the wastewater 1569:1606 Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. 30599330 2 69 from entrapment 402:411 arg1 microcapsules 454:466 the polymeric microcapsules 440:466 the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs) 440:493 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 8 70 with decontamination 1651:1665 arg1 beads 1718:1722 such novel composite beads 1697:1722 such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties 1697:1774 Further research is required to study the decontamination of emerging contaminants with such novel composite beads characterized by varied physico-chemical properties. 30599330 7 71 theme obtained 1460:1467 arg1 results 1469:1475 the obtained results 1456:1475 the obtained results 1456:1475 Therefore, the obtained results clearly validate the feasibility of CABs-MO as a potential promising adsorbent for removing metal contaminants from the wastewater. 30599330 4 72 theme Langmuir 902:909 arg1 model 920:924 the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model 854:924 model 920:924 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 5 73 theme As + Cd 1157:1163 arg1 system 1166:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system 1134:1171 the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1) 1134:1184 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 73 theme As + Cd 1157:1163 arg1 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 0.8 mg g-1 1174:1183 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 0 74 theme pernicious 23:32 arg1 arsenic 34:40 pernicious arsenic 23:40 pernicious arsenic 23:40 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 2 75 theme Magnetic 349:356 arg1 CABs-MO 370:376 CABs-MO 370:376 CABs-MO 370:376 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 2 75 theme Magnetic 349:356 arg1 biopolymer 358:367 Magnetic biopolymer 349:367 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) 349:377 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 1 76 theme noxious 272:278 arg1 metals 286:291 noxious heavy metals 272:291 noxious heavy metals 272:291 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 1 76 theme noxious 272:278 arg1 Cadmium 335:341 Cadmium 335:341 Cadmium (Cd) 335:346 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 1 76 theme noxious 272:278 arg1 Arsenic 318:324 Arsenic 318:324 Arsenic (As) 318:329 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 6 77 dep five 1419:1422 arg1 to 1416:1417 to 1416:1417 to 1416:1417 The performance of the 10 mM HCl as a regenerating agent was superior (for As in comparison to Cd, p < 0.05; t-test) compared to distilled water (DW) through three to five regeneration cycles. 30599330 5 78 theme removal 1024:1030 arg1 rate 1032:1035 The As removal rate 1017:1035 The As removal rate 1017:1035 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 5 78 theme removal 1024:1030 arg1 maximum 1041:1047 maximum 1041:1047 maximum 1041:1047 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 30599330 2 79 theme calcium 471:477 arg1 CABs 489:492 CABs 489:492 CABs 489:492 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 2 79 theme calcium 471:477 arg1 alginate 479:486 calcium alginate 471:486 calcium alginate (CABs) 471:493 Magnetic biopolymer (CABs-MO) was synthesized by the entrapment of nanocrystalline MnO2 in the polymeric microcapsules of calcium alginate (CABs). 30599330 1 80 dep Arsenic 318:324 arg1 As 327:328 As 327:328 As 327:328 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 3 81 theme different 574:582 arg1 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 30-300 mg L-1 608:620 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 3 81 theme different 574:582 arg1 concentrations 592:605 different initial concentrations 574:605 different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) 574:621 Batch experiments were conducted under constant pH (6.5), temperature (25OC), different initial concentrations (30-300 mg L-1) and contact times (0-48 h) to study the adsorption isotherms and removal kinetics of pristine (CABs) and hybrid biopolymer (CABs-MO) for the removal of As and Cd. 30599330 4 82 theme highest 947:953 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 1 83 theme waste 212:216 arg1 systems 234:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 0 84 dep removal 12:18 arg1 approach 128:135 A cost-effective approach 111:135 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 0:161 Sustainable removal of pernicious arsenic and cadmium by a novel composite of MnO2 impregnated alginate beads: A cost-effective approach for wastewater treatment. 30599330 4 85 theme sorption 965:972 arg1 capacity 974:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity 943:981 the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO 943:1014 The pseudo-equilibrium process was mathematically well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 ≥ 0.99) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.99) with the highest monolayer sorption capacity of 63.6 mg g-1 for Cd on CABs-MO. 30599330 1 86 theme treatment 224:232 arg1 systems 234:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 low cost waste water treatment systems 203:240 There is a dire necessity of developing low cost waste water treatment systems, for the efficient removal of noxious heavy metals (and metalloids) such as Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd). 30599330 5 87 theme single 1100:1105 arg1 system 1119:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 a single contaminant system 1098:1124 The As removal rate was maximum up to 6.5 mg g-1 after 12 h of contact period in a single contaminant system than in the mixed contaminant (As + Cd) system (0.8 mg g-1), though the effect was non-significant for Cd (p < 0.05; t-test). 29649658 10 0 theme Gram-positive 1517:1529 arg1 bacteria 1531:1538 Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria 1499:1538 Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria 1499:1538 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 9 1 theme growth 1274:1279 arg1 rates 1281:1285 high growth rates 1269:1285 high growth rates 1269:1285 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 0 2 with coatings 48:55 arg1 bioactive 81:89 bioactive 81:89 bioactive 81:89 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 0 2 with coatings 48:55 arg1 properties 116:125 improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties 72:125 properties 116:125 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 7 3 theme GS 1046:1047 arg1 behaviors 1033:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors 984:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating 984:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 10 4 theme Ti 1405:1406 arg1 alloy 1408:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 1 5 theme last 258:261 arg1 decades 267:273 the last few decades 254:273 the last few decades 254:273 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 0 6 theme resistance 105:114 arg1 properties 116:125 improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties 72:125 properties 116:125 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 5 7 dep AT-FTIR 828:834 arg1 methods 857:863 methods 857:863 methods 857:863 The layers were characterized by AT-FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM and EDX methods. 29649658 10 8 theme coated 1398:1403 arg1 alloy 1408:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 9 9 dep In 1189:1190 arg1 vitro 1192:1196 vitro 1192:1196 vitro 1192:1196 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 1 10 theme few 263:265 arg1 decades 267:273 the last few decades 254:273 the last few decades 254:273 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 0 11 theme corrosion 95:103 arg1 properties 116:125 improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties 72:125 properties 116:125 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 10 12 theme TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 1380:1396 arg1 alloy 1408:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 9 13 theme coated 1299:1304 arg1 substrate 1326:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 7 14 theme fabricated 1058:1067 arg1 coating 1069:1075 the fabricated coating 1054:1075 the fabricated coating 1054:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 8 15 theme coated 1170:1175 arg1 composites 1177:1186 CS-LY-3 coated composites 1162:1186 CS-LY-3 coated composites 1162:1186 The apatite development ability and cell viability are outstanding for CS-LY-3 coated composites. 29649658 9 16 theme TiO2-SiO2 1306:1314 arg1 substrate 1326:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 9 17 theme In 1189:1190 arg1 experimentations 1203:1218 In vitro cell experimentations 1189:1218 In vitro cell experimentations 1189:1218 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 1 18 theme bone 194:197 arg1 infection 199:207 bone infection 194:207 bone infection 194:207 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 1 18 theme bone 194:197 arg1 osteomyelitis 179:191 osteomyelitis 179:191 osteomyelitis (bone infection) 179:208 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 0 19 theme ceramic-biopolymer 18:35 arg1 coatings 48:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings 0:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 0:154 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 0 20 from coatings 48:55 arg1 Ti 64:65 the Ti 60:65 the Ti 60:65 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 8 21 theme development 1103:1113 arg1 ability 1115:1121 The apatite development ability 1091:1121 The apatite development ability 1091:1121 The apatite development ability and cell viability are outstanding for CS-LY-3 coated composites. 29649658 4 22 theme gentamicin 737:746 arg1 sulfate 748:754 gentamicin sulfate 737:754 gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug 737:792 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 4 22 theme gentamicin 737:746 arg1 drug 789:792 a model drug 781:792 a model drug 781:792 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 4 22 theme gentamicin 737:746 arg1 GS 757:758 GS 757:758 GS 757:758 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 10 23 used used 1423:1426 arg2 modification 1364:1375 the surface modification 1352:1375 the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1352:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 10 23 used used 1423:1426 arg2 carrier 1433:1439 a carrier 1431:1439 a carrier for GS 1431:1446 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 2 24 theme materials 375:383 arg1 Combination 350:360 Combination 350:360 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics 350:400 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 0 25 theme Gentamicin-loaded 0:16 arg1 coatings 48:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings 0:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 0:154 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 6 26 theme glazes 947:952 arg1 biocompatibility 923:938 biocompatibility 923:938 biocompatibility of the glazes 923:952 The mechanical, anticorrosion, antimicrobial effects and biocompatibility of the glazes were considered. 29649658 9 27 theme composite 1316:1324 arg1 substrate 1326:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate 1291:1334 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 3 28 theme TiO2-SiO2 561:569 arg1 mixtures 571:578 TiO2-SiO2 mixtures 561:578 TiO2-SiO2 mixtures 561:578 TiO2-SiO2 mixtures were fabricated on Ti alloy by anodization method. 29649658 2 29 theme bioactive 365:373 arg1 materials 375:383 bioactive materials 365:383 bioactive materials 365:383 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 0 30 theme layer 42:46 arg1 coatings 48:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings 0:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 0:154 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 4 31 theme model 783:787 arg1 sulfate 748:754 gentamicin sulfate 737:754 gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug 737:792 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 4 31 theme model 783:787 arg1 drug 789:792 a model drug 781:792 a model drug 781:792 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 9 32 theme cell 1198:1201 arg1 experimentations 1203:1218 In vitro cell experimentations 1189:1218 In vitro cell experimentations 1189:1218 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 10 33 theme alloy 1408:1412 arg1 carrier 1433:1439 a carrier 1431:1439 a carrier for GS 1431:1446 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 10 33 theme alloy 1408:1412 arg1 modification 1364:1375 the surface modification 1352:1375 the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1352:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 0 34 theme dual 37:40 arg1 coatings 48:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings 0:55 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 0:154 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 1 35 theme resident 283:290 arg1 strategy 317:324 the key strategy 309:324 the key strategy to overcome this issue 309:347 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 1 35 theme resident 283:290 arg1 delivery 297:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 0 36 theme orthopedic 131:140 arg1 applications 142:153 orthopedic applications 131:153 orthopedic applications 131:153 Gentamicin-loaded ceramic-biopolymer dual layer coatings on the Ti with improved bioactive and corrosion resistance properties for orthopedic applications. 29649658 7 37 theme continued 998:1006 arg1 behaviors 1033:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors 984:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating 984:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 2 38 theme dual 471:474 arg1 role 476:479 a dual role 469:479 a dual role 469:479 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 1 39 theme drug 292:295 arg1 strategy 317:324 the key strategy 309:324 the key strategy to overcome this issue 309:347 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 1 39 theme drug 292:295 arg1 delivery 297:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 2 40 theme delivery 519:526 arg1 systems 528:534 local drug delivery systems 508:534 local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery 508:558 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 10 41 theme bone 1564:1567 arg1 defect 1569:1574 the bone defect 1560:1574 the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation 1560:1648 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 10 42 mod modification 1364:1375 arg3 surface 1356:1362 the surface modification 1352:1375 the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1352:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 10 42 mod modification 1364:1375 arg1 alloy 1408:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1380:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 2 43 theme drug 514:517 arg1 systems 528:534 local drug delivery systems 508:534 local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery 508:558 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 7 44 theme drug 984:987 arg1 loading 989:995 drug loading 984:995 drug loading 984:995 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 4 45 theme Chitosan-Lysine 631:645 arg1 biopolymers 655:665 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers 631:665 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers 631:665 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 2 46 theme local 508:512 arg1 systems 528:534 local drug delivery systems 508:534 local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery 508:558 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 1 47 from complications 237:249 arg1 decades 267:273 the last few decades 254:273 the last few decades 254:273 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 8 48 theme apatite 1095:1101 arg1 ability 1115:1121 The apatite development ability 1091:1121 The apatite development ability 1091:1121 The apatite development ability and cell viability are outstanding for CS-LY-3 coated composites. 29649658 7 49 theme loading 989:995 arg1 behaviors 1033:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors 984:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating 984:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 10 50 theme Gram-negative 1499:1511 arg1 bacteria 1531:1538 Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria 1499:1538 Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria 1499:1538 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 6 51 theme antimicrobial 897:909 arg1 effects 911:917 antimicrobial effects 897:917 antimicrobial effects 897:917 The mechanical, anticorrosion, antimicrobial effects and biocompatibility of the glazes were considered. 29649658 7 52 theme prolonged 1012:1020 arg1 liberation 1022:1031 prolonged liberation 1012:1031 prolonged liberation 1012:1031 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 4 53 theme electrodeposition 696:712 arg1 method 714:719 electrodeposition method 696:719 electrodeposition method 696:719 Chitosan-Lysine (CS-LY) biopolymers were coated on composites by electrodeposition method and followed by gentamicin sulfate (GS) which was loaded as a model drug. 29649658 1 54 theme key 313:315 arg1 strategy 317:324 the key strategy 309:324 the key strategy to overcome this issue 309:347 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 1 54 theme key 313:315 arg1 delivery 297:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 the resident drug delivery 279:304 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 9 55 theme good 1251:1254 arg1 adhesion 1256:1263 good adhesion 1251:1263 good adhesion 1251:1263 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 1 56 from one 213:215 arg1 surgery 170:176 orthopedic surgery 159:176 orthopedic surgery 159:176 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 2 57 theme antibiotic 540:549 arg1 delivery 551:558 antibiotic delivery 540:558 antibiotic delivery 540:558 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 10 58 theme tunable 1616:1622 arg1 degradation 1638:1648 the tunable nanocomposite degradation 1612:1648 the tunable nanocomposite degradation 1612:1648 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 3 59 theme anodization 611:621 arg1 method 623:628 anodization method 611:628 anodization method 611:628 TiO2-SiO2 mixtures were fabricated on Ti alloy by anodization method. 29649658 7 60 from coating 1069:1075 arg1 behaviors 1033:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors 984:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating 984:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 1 61 theme serious 229:235 arg1 complications 237:249 the most serious complications 220:249 the most serious complications in the last few decades 220:273 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 2 62 theme cell 489:492 arg1 growth 494:499 bone cell growth 484:499 bone cell growth 484:499 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 2 63 with Combination 350:360 arg1 antibiotics 390:400 antibiotics 390:400 antibiotics 390:400 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 3 64 theme Ti 599:600 arg1 alloy 602:606 Ti alloy 599:606 Ti alloy 599:606 TiO2-SiO2 mixtures were fabricated on Ti alloy by anodization method. 29649658 10 65 theme surface 1356:1362 arg1 carrier 1433:1439 a carrier 1431:1439 a carrier for GS 1431:1446 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 10 65 theme surface 1356:1362 arg1 modification 1364:1375 the surface modification 1352:1375 the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy 1352:1412 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 1 66 theme orthopedic 159:168 arg1 surgery 170:176 orthopedic surgery 159:176 orthopedic surgery 159:176 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 10 67 theme nanocomposite 1624:1636 arg1 degradation 1638:1648 the tunable nanocomposite degradation 1612:1648 the tunable nanocomposite degradation 1612:1648 In conclusion, the surface modification of TiO2-SiO2/CS-LY-3 coated Ti alloy could be used as a carrier for GS, not only to eradicate the osteomyelitis caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but also to repair the bone defect initiated by the infection owing to the tunable nanocomposite degradation. 29649658 1 68 theme complications 237:249 arg1 complications 237:249 the most serious complications 220:249 the most serious complications in the last few decades 220:273 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 1 68 theme complications 237:249 arg1 one 213:215 one 213:215 one 213:215 In orthopedic surgery, osteomyelitis (bone infection) is one of the most serious complications in the last few decades and the resident drug delivery is the key strategy to overcome this issue. 29649658 2 69 theme bone 484:487 arg1 growth 494:499 bone cell growth 484:499 bone cell growth 484:499 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 9 70 theme high 1269:1272 arg1 rates 1281:1285 high growth rates 1269:1285 high growth rates 1269:1285 In vitro cell experimentations indicate that osteoblasts show good adhesion and high growth rates for CS-LY-3 coated TiO2-SiO2 composite substrate. 29649658 7 71 theme liberation 1022:1031 arg1 behaviors 1033:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors 984:1041 drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating 984:1075 In addition, drug loading, continued and prolonged liberation behaviors of GS from the fabricated coating were studied. 29649658 2 72 theme osteomyelitis 443:455 arg1 handling 431:438 the handling 427:438 the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery 427:558 Combination of bioactive materials with antibiotics is broadly developed for the handling of osteomyelitis which plays a dual role as bone cell growth and as local drug delivery systems for antibiotic delivery. 29649658 8 73 theme cell 1127:1130 arg1 viability 1132:1140 cell viability 1127:1140 cell viability 1127:1140 The apatite development ability and cell viability are outstanding for CS-LY-3 coated composites. 30059739 1 0 dep DMSO 305:308 arg1 water 310:314 water 310:314 DMSO:water in various ratios 305:332 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 6 1 theme lower 1006:1010 arg1 concentrations 1012:1025 lower concentrations 1006:1025 lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO 1006:1049 V6II and V7 preferentially formed with lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO and at lower temperatures. 30059739 1 2 theme series 143:148 arg1 presence 129:136 the presence 125:136 the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 125:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 3 from crystallization 73:87 arg1 solutions 112:120 dilute solutions 105:120 dilute solutions 105:120 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 3 from crystallization 73:87 arg1 presence 129:136 the presence 125:136 the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 125:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 5 4 theme acid 870:873 arg1 concentrations 846:859 Higher concentrations 839:859 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO 839:882 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 5 4 theme acid 870:873 arg1 temperature 897:907 a higher temperature 888:907 a higher temperature 888:907 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 7 5 theme acids 1106:1110 arg1 case 1085:1088 the case 1081:1088 the case of C5-C20 fatty acids 1081:1110 In the case of C5-C20 fatty acids, V7 was only obtained in the presence of DMSO. 30059739 5 6 theme V6I 952:954 arg1 structure 956:964 the more compact V6I structure 935:964 the more compact V6I structure 935:964 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 1 7 theme fatty 226:230 arg1 acid 232:235 the fatty acid 222:235 the fatty acid concentration 222:249 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 8 theme various 319:325 arg1 ratios 327:332 various ratios 319:332 various ratios 319:332 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 8 9 theme general 1259:1265 arg1 phenomenon 1267:1276 a more general phenomenon 1252:1276 a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature 1252:1319 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 8 9 theme general 1259:1265 arg1 polymorphism 1163:1174 The polymorphism 1159:1174 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids 1159:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 5 10 theme fatty 864:868 arg1 acid 870:873 fatty acid 864:873 fatty acid 864:873 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 1 11 theme acid 232:235 arg1 concentration 237:249 the fatty acid concentration 222:249 the fatty acid concentration 222:249 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 11 theme acid 232:235 arg1 DMSO 305:308 DMSO 305:308 DMSO:water in various ratios 305:332 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 2 12 theme X-ray 485:489 arg1 diffraction 491:501 X-ray diffraction 485:501 X-ray diffraction 485:501 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 2 13 theme resulting 372:380 arg1 crystals 397:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 6 14 theme fatty 1030:1034 arg1 acids 1036:1040 fatty acids 1030:1040 fatty acids 1030:1040 V6II and V7 preferentially formed with lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO and at lower temperatures. 30059739 1 15 theme linear 153:158 arg1 acids 176:180 linear saturated fatty acids 153:180 linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 153:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 15 theme linear 153:158 arg1 C20 189:191 C3 to C20 183:191 C3 to C20 183:191 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 16 from water 310:314 arg1 ratios 327:332 various ratios 319:332 various ratios 319:332 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 6 17 theme DMSO 1046:1049 arg1 concentrations 1012:1025 lower concentrations 1006:1025 lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO 1006:1049 V6II and V7 preferentially formed with lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO and at lower temperatures. 30059739 1 18 theme saturated 160:168 arg1 acids 176:180 linear saturated fatty acids 153:180 linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 153:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 18 theme saturated 160:168 arg1 C20 189:191 C3 to C20 183:191 C3 to C20 183:191 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 8 19 with complexes 1189:1197 arg1 acids 1227:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 5 20 theme higher 890:895 arg1 temperature 897:907 a higher temperature 888:907 a higher temperature 888:907 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 1 21 theme fatty 170:174 arg1 acids 176:180 linear saturated fatty acids 153:180 linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 153:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 21 theme fatty 170:174 arg1 C20 189:191 C3 to C20 183:191 C3 to C20 183:191 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 22 from solutions 112:120 arg1 amylose 92:98 amylose 92:98 amylose from dilute solutions 92:120 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 22 from solutions 112:120 arg1 crystallization 73:87 The crystallization 69:87 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 69:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 23 theme amylose 92:98 arg1 crystallization 73:87 The crystallization 69:87 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 69:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 8 24 theme complexes 1189:1197 arg1 polymorphism 1163:1174 The polymorphism 1159:1174 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids 1159:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 8 24 theme complexes 1189:1197 arg1 phenomenon 1267:1276 a more general phenomenon 1252:1276 a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature 1252:1319 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 1 25 theme acids 176:180 arg1 series 143:148 a series 141:148 a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 141:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 0 26 theme complexes 28:36 arg1 Polymorphism 0:11 Polymorphism 0:11 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 0:67 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 30059739 3 27 theme crystallization 534:548 arg1 parameters 550:559 the crystallization parameters 530:559 the crystallization parameters 530:559 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 2 28 theme model 382:386 arg1 crystals 397:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 0 29 theme crystalline 16:26 arg1 complexes 28:36 crystalline complexes 16:36 crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids 16:66 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 30059739 1 30 theme crystallization 252:266 arg1 temperature 268:278 crystallization temperature 252:278 crystallization temperature 252:278 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 3 31 theme 7-fold 620:625 arg1 helices 644:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 1 32 theme dilute 105:110 arg1 solutions 112:120 dilute solutions 105:120 dilute solutions 105:120 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 33 theme C3 183:184 arg1 acids 176:180 linear saturated fatty acids 153:180 linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) 153:192 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 1 33 theme C3 183:184 arg1 C20 189:191 C3 to C20 183:191 C3 to C20 183:191 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 0 34 theme V-amylose 41:49 arg1 complexes 28:36 crystalline complexes 16:36 crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids 16:66 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 30059739 3 35 theme length 723:728 arg1 independent 698:708 independent 698:708 independent 698:708 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 3 35 theme length 723:728 arg1 conformation 681:692 the amylose conformation 669:692 the amylose conformation 669:692 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 3 36 theme V-amylose 627:635 arg1 helices 644:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 4 37 dep allomorphs 764:773 arg1 V6I 776:778 V6I 776:778 V6I 776:778 Three allomorphs (V6I, V6II and V7) were identified individually or in mixtures. 30059739 4 37 dep allomorphs 764:773 arg1 allomorphs 764:773 Three allomorphs 758:773 Three allomorphs (V6I, V6II and V7) 758:792 Three allomorphs (V6I, V6II and V7) were identified individually or in mixtures. 30059739 4 37 dep allomorphs 764:773 arg1 V7 790:791 V7 790:791 V7 790:791 Three allomorphs (V6I, V6II and V7) were identified individually or in mixtures. 30059739 4 37 dep allomorphs 764:773 arg1 V6II 781:784 V6II 781:784 V6II 781:784 Three allomorphs (V6I, V6II and V7) were identified individually or in mixtures. 30059739 8 38 theme saturated 1211:1219 arg1 acids 1227:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 2 39 theme electron 441:448 arg1 microscopy 450:459 transmission electron microscopy 428:459 transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction 428:501 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 7 40 theme fatty 1100:1104 arg1 acids 1106:1110 C5-C20 fatty acids 1093:1110 C5-C20 fatty acids 1093:1110 In the case of C5-C20 fatty acids, V7 was only obtained in the presence of DMSO. 30059739 3 41 theme 6- 613:614 arg1 helices 644:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 2 42 theme crystals 397:404 arg1 structure 355:363 structure 355:363 structure 355:363 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 2 42 theme crystals 397:404 arg1 morphology 340:349 morphology 340:349 morphology 340:349 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 0 43 with complexes 28:36 arg1 acids 62:66 fatty acids 56:66 fatty acids 56:66 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 30059739 8 44 theme linear 1204:1209 arg1 acids 1227:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 0 45 theme fatty 56:60 arg1 acids 62:66 fatty acids 56:66 fatty acids 56:66 Polymorphism of crystalline complexes of V-amylose with fatty acids. 30059739 1 46 theme solvent 284:290 arg1 composition 292:302 solvent composition 284:302 solvent composition 284:302 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 3 47 theme fatty 566:570 arg1 acids 572:576 all fatty acids 562:576 all fatty acids 562:576 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 3 48 theme complexing 737:746 arg1 molecule 748:755 the complexing molecule 733:755 the complexing molecule 733:755 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 8 49 dep phenomenon 1267:1276 arg1 reported 1294:1301 reported 1294:1301 reported in the literature 1294:1319 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 5 50 theme DMSO 879:882 arg1 concentrations 846:859 Higher concentrations 839:859 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO 839:882 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 5 50 theme DMSO 879:882 arg1 temperature 897:907 a higher temperature 888:907 a higher temperature 888:907 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 3 51 theme molecule 748:755 arg1 length 723:728 the chain length 713:728 the chain length of the complexing molecule 713:755 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 5 52 theme compact 944:950 arg1 structure 956:964 the more compact V6I structure 935:964 the more compact V6I structure 935:964 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 2 53 dep morphology 340:349 arg1 The 336:338 The 336:338 The 336:338 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 8 54 theme V-amylose 1179:1187 arg1 complexes 1189:1197 V-amylose complexes 1179:1197 V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids 1179:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 30059739 3 55 theme chain 717:721 arg1 length 723:728 the chain length 713:728 the chain length of the complexing molecule 713:755 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 5 56 theme Higher 839:844 arg1 concentrations 846:859 Higher concentrations 839:859 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO 839:882 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 3 57 theme single 637:642 arg1 helices 644:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 608:650 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 1 58 dep C20 189:191 arg1 to 186:187 to 186:187 to 186:187 The crystallization of amylose from dilute solutions in the presence of a series of linear saturated fatty acids (C3 to C20) was investigated by varying the fatty acid concentration, crystallization temperature and solvent composition (DMSO:water in various ratios). 30059739 7 59 theme DMSO 1153:1156 arg1 presence 1141:1148 the presence 1137:1148 the presence of DMSO 1137:1156 In the case of C5-C20 fatty acids, V7 was only obtained in the presence of DMSO. 30059739 3 60 theme helices 644:650 arg1 formation 595:603 the formation 591:603 the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices 591:650 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 5 61 theme structure 956:964 arg1 formation 922:930 the formation 918:930 the formation of the more compact V6I structure 918:964 Higher concentrations of fatty acid and DMSO and a higher temperature promoted the formation of the more compact V6I structure. 30059739 6 62 theme lower 1058:1062 arg1 temperatures 1064:1075 lower temperatures 1058:1075 lower temperatures 1058:1075 V6II and V7 preferentially formed with lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO and at lower temperatures. 30059739 6 63 theme acids 1036:1040 arg1 concentrations 1012:1025 lower concentrations 1006:1025 lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO 1006:1049 V6II and V7 preferentially formed with lower concentrations of fatty acids and DMSO and at lower temperatures. 30059739 2 64 theme transmission 428:439 arg1 microscopy 450:459 transmission electron microscopy 428:459 transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction 428:501 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 3 65 theme amylose 673:679 arg1 independent 698:708 independent 698:708 independent 698:708 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 3 65 theme amylose 673:679 arg1 conformation 681:692 the amylose conformation 669:692 the amylose conformation 669:692 By adequately controlling the crystallization parameters, all fatty acids could induce the formation of both 6- and 7-fold V-amylose single helices, indicating that the amylose conformation was independent of the chain length of the complexing molecule. 30059739 2 66 theme lamellar 388:395 arg1 crystals 397:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 the resulting model lamellar crystals 368:404 The morphology and structure of the resulting model lamellar crystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. 30059739 8 67 theme fatty 1221:1225 arg1 acids 1227:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 linear saturated fatty acids 1204:1231 The polymorphism of V-amylose complexes with linear saturated fatty acids thus appears to be a more general phenomenon than previously reported in the literature. 31472869 3 0 theme gelation 339:346 arg1 times 348:352 slow gelation times 334:352 slow gelation times 334:352 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 4 1 theme structural 541:550 arg1 properties 552:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 5 2 theme hybrid 591:596 arg1 hydrogels 614:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 4 3 with agarose 517:523 arg1 properties 552:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 0 4 theme cell 85:88 arg1 culture 90:96 cell culture 85:96 cell culture 85:96 Facile formation of salecan/agarose hydrogels with tunable structural properties for cell culture. 31472869 3 5 theme biomedical 373:382 arg1 applications 384:395 the biomedical applications 369:395 the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 369:447 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 5 6 theme thermal 688:694 arg1 stability 696:704 thermal stability 688:704 thermal stability 688:704 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 2 7 theme attractive 163:172 arg1 biopolymer 174:183 an attractive biopolymer 160:183 an attractive biopolymer to construct hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture 160:232 ZX09 is an attractive biopolymer to construct hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture. 31472869 2 7 theme attractive 163:172 arg1 ZX09 152:155 ZX09 152:155 ZX09 152:155 ZX09 is an attractive biopolymer to construct hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture. 31472869 6 8 theme composite 903:911 arg1 non-toxic 927:935 non-toxic 927:935 non-toxic 927:935 Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays reveal that the designed composite hydrogels are non-toxic. 31472869 6 8 theme composite 903:911 arg1 hydrogels 913:921 the designed composite hydrogels 890:921 the designed composite hydrogels 890:921 Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays reveal that the designed composite hydrogels are non-toxic. 31472869 5 9 theme polysaccharide 821:834 arg1 content 836:842 the polysaccharide content 817:842 the polysaccharide content 817:842 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 10 theme water 707:711 arg1 uptake 713:718 water uptake 707:718 water uptake 707:718 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 6 11 theme designed 894:901 arg1 non-toxic 927:935 non-toxic 927:935 non-toxic 927:935 Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays reveal that the designed composite hydrogels are non-toxic. 31472869 6 11 theme designed 894:901 arg1 hydrogels 913:921 the designed composite hydrogels 890:921 the designed composite hydrogels 890:921 Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays reveal that the designed composite hydrogels are non-toxic. 31472869 5 12 theme content 836:842 arg1 change 807:812 minimum change 799:812 minimum change of the polysaccharide content 799:842 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 4 13 theme adjustable 530:539 arg1 properties 552:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 3 14 theme poor 269:272 arg1 performance 285:295 poor mechanical performance 269:295 poor mechanical performance 269:295 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 5 15 theme physical 645:652 arg1 stability 696:704 thermal stability 688:704 thermal stability 688:704 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 15 theme physical 645:652 arg1 properties 667:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 15 theme physical 645:652 arg1 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 15 theme physical 645:652 arg1 uptake 713:718 water uptake 707:718 water uptake 707:718 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 15 theme physical 645:652 arg1 strength 732:739 mechanical strength 721:739 mechanical strength 721:739 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 0 16 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 formation 7:15 Facile formation 0:15 Facile formation of salecan/agarose 0:34 Facile formation of salecan/agarose hydrogels with tunable structural properties for cell culture. 31472869 3 17 theme salecan 416:422 arg1 hydrogels 439:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 8 18 theme hydrogel 1091:1098 arg1 platforms 1100:1108 polysaccharide hydrogel platforms 1076:1108 polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering 1076:1131 Together, this work opens up a new avenue to build polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering. 31472869 5 19 theme minimum 799:805 arg1 change 807:812 minimum change 799:812 minimum change of the polysaccharide content 799:842 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 3 20 theme polysaccharide 424:437 arg1 hydrogels 439:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 5 21 theme mechanical 721:730 arg1 strength 732:739 mechanical strength 721:739 mechanical strength 721:739 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 22 theme chemical 658:665 arg1 stability 696:704 thermal stability 688:704 thermal stability 688:704 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 22 theme chemical 658:665 arg1 properties 667:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 22 theme chemical 658:665 arg1 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 22 theme chemical 658:665 arg1 uptake 713:718 water uptake 707:718 water uptake 707:718 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 22 theme chemical 658:665 arg1 strength 732:739 mechanical strength 721:739 mechanical strength 721:739 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 1 23 theme Salecan 99:105 arg1 polysaccharide 107:120 Salecan polysaccharide 99:120 Salecan polysaccharide 99:120 Salecan polysaccharide produced by Agrobacterium sp. 31472869 0 24 theme salecan/agarose 20:34 arg1 formation 7:15 Facile formation 0:15 Facile formation of salecan/agarose 0:34 Facile formation of salecan/agarose hydrogels with tunable structural properties for cell culture. 31472869 8 25 theme tissue 1114:1119 arg1 engineering 1121:1131 tissue engineering 1114:1131 tissue engineering 1114:1131 Together, this work opens up a new avenue to build polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering. 31472869 7 26 dep cell 980:983 arg1 survival 985:992 survival 985:992 survival 985:992 More importantly, these hydrogels support cell survival, proliferation, and migration. 31472869 3 27 theme microbial-based 400:414 arg1 hydrogels 439:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 400:447 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 3 28 theme complicated 298:308 arg1 process 322:328 complicated fabrication process 298:328 complicated fabrication process 298:328 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 2 29 theme hydrogel 198:205 arg1 scaffolds 207:215 hydrogel scaffolds 198:215 hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture 198:232 ZX09 is an attractive biopolymer to construct hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture. 31472869 3 30 theme mechanical 274:283 arg1 performance 285:295 poor mechanical performance 269:295 poor mechanical performance 269:295 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 4 31 theme hydrogels 483:491 arg1 series 458:463 a series 456:463 a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan 456:511 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 4 31 theme hydrogels 483:491 arg1 agarose 517:523 agarose 517:523 agarose with adjustable structural properties 517:561 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 4 32 with series 458:463 arg1 properties 552:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 adjustable structural properties 530:561 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 8 33 theme polysaccharide 1076:1089 arg1 platforms 1100:1108 polysaccharide hydrogel platforms 1076:1108 polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering 1076:1131 Together, this work opens up a new avenue to build polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering. 31472869 5 34 theme salecan/agarose 598:612 arg1 hydrogels 614:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 0 35 theme structural 59:68 arg1 properties 70:79 tunable structural properties 51:79 tunable structural properties for cell culture 51:96 Facile formation of salecan/agarose hydrogels with tunable structural properties for cell culture. 31472869 0 36 theme tunable 51:57 arg1 properties 70:79 tunable structural properties 51:79 tunable structural properties for cell culture 51:96 Facile formation of salecan/agarose hydrogels with tunable structural properties for cell culture. 31472869 3 37 theme slow 334:337 arg1 times 348:352 slow gelation times 334:352 slow gelation times 334:352 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 1 38 theme Agrobacterium 134:146 arg1 sp 148:149 Agrobacterium sp 134:149 Agrobacterium sp 134:149 Salecan polysaccharide produced by Agrobacterium sp. 31472869 3 39 theme fabrication 310:320 arg1 process 322:328 complicated fabrication process 298:328 complicated fabrication process 298:328 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 2 40 theme cell 221:224 arg1 culture 226:232 cell culture 221:232 cell culture 221:232 ZX09 is an attractive biopolymer to construct hydrogel scaffolds for cell culture. 31472869 5 41 theme controllable 632:643 arg1 stability 696:704 thermal stability 688:704 thermal stability 688:704 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 41 theme controllable 632:643 arg1 properties 667:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 controllable physical and chemical properties 632:676 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 41 theme controllable 632:643 arg1 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 microarchitecture 745:761 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 41 theme controllable 632:643 arg1 uptake 713:718 water uptake 707:718 water uptake 707:718 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 5 41 theme controllable 632:643 arg1 strength 732:739 mechanical strength 721:739 mechanical strength 721:739 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 31472869 8 42 theme new 1056:1058 arg1 avenue 1060:1065 a new avenue 1054:1065 a new avenue to build polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering 1054:1131 Together, this work opens up a new avenue to build polysaccharide hydrogel platforms for tissue engineering. 31472869 4 43 theme polysaccharide 468:481 arg1 hydrogels 483:491 polysaccharide hydrogels 468:491 polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan 468:511 Here, a series of polysaccharide hydrogels composed of salecan and agarose with adjustable structural properties are designed. 31472869 6 44 theme cytotoxicity 858:869 arg1 assays 871:876 cytotoxicity assays 858:876 cytotoxicity assays 858:876 Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays reveal that the designed composite hydrogels are non-toxic. 31472869 3 45 theme hydrogels 439:447 arg1 applications 384:395 the biomedical applications 369:395 the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels 369:447 However, some limitations such as poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication process and slow gelation times still exist in the biomedical applications of microbial-based salecan polysaccharide hydrogels. 31472869 5 46 theme resultant 581:589 arg1 hydrogels 614:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels 577:622 The resultant hybrid salecan/agarose hydrogels exhibit controllable physical and chemical properties including thermal stability, water uptake, mechanical strength and microarchitecture, which can be readily realized with minimum change of the polysaccharide content. 29339283 0 0 theme in 86:87 arg1 evaluation 95:104 in vitro evaluation 86:104 in vitro evaluation 86:104 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 4 1 theme human 657:661 arg1 line 686:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 7 2 theme oxide 1131:1135 arg1 safety 1112:1117 the safety 1108:1117 the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast) 1108:1203 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 4 3 theme fibroblast 670:679 arg1 line 686:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 6 4 theme antibacterial 1061:1073 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy 1036:1082 an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy 1036:1082 The results demonstrated that the HEC hydrogel membranes revealed an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy. 29339283 5 5 theme antibacterial 889:901 arg1 activities 903:912 their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities 861:912 their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities 861:912 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 4 6 theme dermal 663:668 arg1 line 686:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 2 7 theme hydrogel 280:287 arg1 membranes 289:297 HEC hydrogel membranes 276:297 HEC hydrogel membranes 276:297 HEC hydrogel membranes were fabricated and crosslinked using citric acid (CA). 29339283 5 8 theme diffusion 951:959 arg1 methods 961:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 4 9 theme in 718:719 arg1 model 738:742 in vitro scratching model 718:742 in vitro scratching model 718:742 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 7 10 theme tungsten 1122:1129 arg1 oxide 1131:1135 tungsten oxide 1122:1135 tungsten oxide 1122:1135 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 10 11 theme current 1386:1392 arg1 approach 1394:1401 The current approach 1382:1401 The current approach 1382:1401 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 2 12 theme HEC 276:278 arg1 membranes 289:297 HEC hydrogel membranes 276:297 HEC hydrogel membranes 276:297 HEC hydrogel membranes were fabricated and crosslinked using citric acid (CA). 29339283 9 13 theme hydrogel 1363:1370 arg1 membrane 1372:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 pursued by P. aeruginosa in compared with the negative HEC hydrogel membrane. 29339283 1 14 theme wound 259:263 arg1 treatment 265:273 wound treatment 259:273 wound treatment 259:273 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 7 15 theme dermal 1186:1191 arg1 fibroblast 1193:1202 dermal fibroblast 1186:1202 dermal fibroblast 1186:1202 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 10 16 theme promising 1473:1481 arg1 HEC 1421:1423 HEC 1421:1423 HEC 1421:1423 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 10 16 theme promising 1473:1481 arg1 candidate 1488:1496 a promising safe candidate 1471:1496 a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material 1471:1524 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 3 17 theme mechanical 440:449 arg1 properties 451:460 mechanical properties 440:460 mechanical properties 440:460 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 8 18 theme highest 1262:1268 arg1 activities 1270:1279 the highest activities 1258:1279 the highest activities against Salmonella sp 1258:1301 Furthermore, HEC membranes loaded with WO3 revealed the highest activities against Salmonella sp. 29339283 4 19 theme membranes 643:651 arg1 activity 618:625 wound healing activity 604:625 wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line 604:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 3 20 theme porosity 407:414 arg1 measurements 416:427 porosity measurements 407:427 porosity measurements 407:427 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 8 21 theme HEC 1219:1221 arg1 membranes 1223:1231 HEC membranes 1219:1231 HEC membranes loaded with WO3 1219:1247 Furthermore, HEC membranes loaded with WO3 revealed the highest activities against Salmonella sp. 29339283 5 22 theme activities 903:912 arg1 determination 844:856 determination 844:856 determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities 844:912 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 5 23 theme prepared 777:784 arg1 membranes 786:794 the prepared membranes 773:794 the prepared membranes 773:794 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 5 24 theme membranes 786:794 arg1 potency 762:768 the potency 758:768 the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications 758:826 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 0 25 theme cellulose 13:21 arg1 hydrogel 23:30 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel 0:30 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 0:105 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 9 26 theme negative 1350:1357 arg1 membrane 1372:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 pursued by P. aeruginosa in compared with the negative HEC hydrogel membrane. 29339283 7 27 dep cells 1157:1161 arg1 cells 1176:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 7 27 dep cells 1157:1161 arg1 fibroblast 1193:1202 dermal fibroblast 1186:1202 dermal fibroblast 1186:1202 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 10 28 theme tungsten 1436:1443 arg1 oxide 1445:1449 tungsten oxide 1436:1449 tungsten oxide 1436:1449 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 0 29 dep in 86:87 arg1 vitro 89:93 vitro 89:93 vitro 89:93 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 1 30 theme hydroxyethyl 169:180 arg1 HEC 193:195 HEC 193:195 HEC 193:195 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 1 30 theme hydroxyethyl 169:180 arg1 cellulose 182:190 hydroxyethyl cellulose 169:190 hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment 169:273 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 0 31 theme Hydroxyethyl 0:11 arg1 hydrogel 23:30 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel 0:30 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 0:105 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 3 32 theme prepared 544:551 arg1 membranes 553:561 the prepared membranes 540:561 the prepared membranes 540:561 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 4 33 theme examined 634:641 arg1 membranes 643:651 the examined membranes 630:651 the examined membranes 630:651 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 3 34 theme Various 355:361 arg1 tests 363:367 Various tests 355:367 Various tests 355:367 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 10 35 theme wound 1502:1506 arg1 material 1517:1524 wound dressing material 1502:1524 wound dressing material 1502:1524 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 4 36 theme scratching 727:736 arg1 model 738:742 in vitro scratching model 718:742 in vitro scratching model 718:742 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 4 37 theme wound 604:608 arg1 healing 610:616 wound healing 604:616 wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line 604:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 7 38 theme blood 1170:1174 arg1 cells 1176:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 5 39 theme agar 946:949 arg1 methods 961:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 1 40 theme hydrogel 126:133 arg1 membranes 135:143 new hydrogel membranes 122:143 new hydrogel membranes 122:143 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 4 41 theme cell 681:684 arg1 line 686:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 human dermal fibroblast cell line 657:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 3 42 theme wound 566:570 arg1 material 581:588 wound dressing material 566:588 wound dressing material 566:588 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 6 43 theme anti-inflammatory 1039:1055 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy 1036:1082 an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy 1036:1082 The results demonstrated that the HEC hydrogel membranes revealed an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy. 29339283 0 44 theme wound 36:40 arg1 dressing 42:49 wound dressing 36:49 wound dressing 36:49 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 9 45 theme HEC 1359:1361 arg1 membrane 1372:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 the negative HEC hydrogel membrane 1346:1379 pursued by P. aeruginosa in compared with the negative HEC hydrogel membrane. 29339283 10 46 theme safe 1483:1486 arg1 HEC 1421:1423 HEC 1421:1423 HEC 1421:1423 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 10 46 theme safe 1483:1486 arg1 candidate 1488:1496 a promising safe candidate 1471:1496 a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material 1471:1524 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 3 47 theme dressing 572:579 arg1 material 581:588 wound dressing material 566:588 wound dressing material 566:588 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 4 48 theme healing 610:616 arg1 activity 618:625 wound healing activity 604:625 wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line 604:689 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 7 49 theme normal 1144:1149 arg1 cells 1157:1161 normal human cells 1144:1161 normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast) 1144:1203 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 5 50 theme anti-inflammatory 867:883 arg1 activities 903:912 their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities 861:912 their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities 861:912 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 3 51 theme membranes 553:561 arg1 efficiency 526:535 the efficiency 522:535 the efficiency of the prepared membranes 522:561 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 3 52 theme gel 463:465 arg1 fraction 467:474 gel fraction 463:474 gel fraction 463:474 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 7 53 theme human 1151:1155 arg1 cells 1157:1161 normal human cells 1144:1161 normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast) 1144:1203 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 2 54 theme citric 337:342 arg1 CA 350:351 CA 350:351 CA 350:351 HEC hydrogel membranes were fabricated and crosslinked using citric acid (CA). 29339283 2 54 theme citric 337:342 arg1 acid 344:347 citric acid 337:347 citric acid (CA) 337:352 HEC hydrogel membranes were fabricated and crosslinked using citric acid (CA). 29339283 7 55 theme white 1164:1168 arg1 cells 1176:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 white blood cells 1164:1180 Moreover, HEC improved the safety of tungsten oxide toward normal human cells (white blood cells and dermal fibroblast). 29339283 4 56 dep in 718:719 arg1 vitro 721:725 vitro 721:725 vitro 721:725 In addition, wound healing activity of the examined membranes for human dermal fibroblast cell line was investigated employing in vitro scratching model. 29339283 5 57 theme disk 941:944 arg1 methods 961:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 disk agar diffusion methods 941:967 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 10 58 theme dressing 1508:1515 arg1 material 1517:1524 wound dressing material 1502:1524 wound dressing material 1502:1524 The current approach corroborated that HEC amended by tungsten oxide could be applied as a promising safe candidate for wound dressing material. 29339283 0 59 dep hydrogel 23:30 arg1 evaluation 95:104 in vitro evaluation 86:104 in vitro evaluation 86:104 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 0 59 dep hydrogel 23:30 arg1 characterization 65:80 characterization 65:80 characterization 65:80 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 0 59 dep hydrogel 23:30 arg1 Fabrication 52:62 Fabrication 52:62 Fabrication 52:62 Hydroxyethyl cellulose hydrogel for wound dressing: Fabrication, characterization and in vitro evaluation. 29339283 1 60 theme new 122:124 arg1 membranes 135:143 new hydrogel membranes 122:143 new hydrogel membranes 122:143 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 1 61 theme tungsten 216:223 arg1 oxide 225:229 tungsten oxide 216:229 tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment 216:273 In this study, new hydrogel membranes were developed based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) supplemented with tungsten oxide for further implementing in wound treatment. 29339283 5 62 theme wound 808:812 arg1 complications 814:826 wound complications 808:826 wound complications 808:826 Furthermore, the potency of the prepared membranes to suppress wound complications was studied via determination of their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities exploiting MTT, ELISA, and disk agar diffusion methods. 29339283 3 63 theme thermal 481:487 arg1 analysis 501:508 thermal gravimetric analysis 481:508 thermal gravimetric analysis 481:508 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 6 64 theme hydrogel 1008:1015 arg1 membranes 1017:1025 the HEC hydrogel membranes 1000:1025 the HEC hydrogel membranes 1000:1025 The results demonstrated that the HEC hydrogel membranes revealed an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy. 29339283 3 65 theme gravimetric 489:499 arg1 analysis 501:508 thermal gravimetric analysis 481:508 thermal gravimetric analysis 481:508 Various tests were carried out including FTIR, XRD, porosity measurements, swelling, mechanical properties, gel fraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis to evaluate the efficiency of the prepared membranes as wound dressing material. 29339283 8 66 theme Salmonella 1289:1298 arg1 sp 1300:1301 Salmonella sp 1289:1301 Salmonella sp 1289:1301 Furthermore, HEC membranes loaded with WO3 revealed the highest activities against Salmonella sp. 29339283 6 67 theme HEC 1004:1006 arg1 membranes 1017:1025 the HEC hydrogel membranes 1000:1025 the HEC hydrogel membranes 1000:1025 The results demonstrated that the HEC hydrogel membranes revealed an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial efficacy. 31047048 7 0 theme real 1284:1287 arg1 environment 1289:1299 the simulated real environment 1270:1299 the simulated real environment 1270:1299 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 4 1 theme graphene 751:758 arg1 Fe3O4 766:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 4 2 theme @ 765:765 arg1 Fe3O4 766:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 8 3 theme promising 1398:1406 arg1 potential 1408:1416 promising potential 1398:1416 promising potential 1398:1416 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 2 4 theme gel 283:285 arg1 beads 287:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 1 5 theme weak 172:175 arg1 stability 177:185 weak stability 172:185 weak stability 172:185 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 7 6 theme good 1240:1243 arg1 efficiency 1256:1265 good adsorption efficiency 1240:1265 good adsorption efficiency 1240:1265 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 2 7 theme magnetic 264:271 arg1 beads 287:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 5 8 theme adsorption 965:974 arg1 capacity 976:983 the maximum adsorption capacity 953:983 the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ 953:1006 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 4 9 theme Fe3O4 631:635 arg1 beads 650:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 5 10 theme isotherm 933:940 arg1 model 942:946 Langmuir isotherm model 924:946 Langmuir isotherm model 924:946 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 6 11 theme gel 1083:1085 arg1 beads 1087:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 Moreover, the magnetic gel beads had selective adsorption toward Pb2+. 31047048 4 12 theme gel 646:648 arg1 beads 650:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 3 13 theme CMC/SA/graphene 541:555 arg1 beads 569:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 1 14 theme absorbent 117:125 arg1 kind 99:102 a kind 97:102 a kind of potential absorbent 97:125 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 1 14 theme absorbent 117:125 arg1 materials 143:151 polysaccharide materials 128:151 polysaccharide materials 128:151 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 1 15 theme potential 107:115 arg1 absorbent 117:125 potential absorbent 107:125 potential absorbent 107:125 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 8 16 theme CMC/SA/graphene 1328:1342 arg1 Fe3O4 1350:1354 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 1328:1354 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 7 17 theme adsorption 1193:1202 arg1 rates 1204:1208 the adsorption rates 1189:1208 the adsorption rates 1189:1208 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 1 18 theme polysaccharide 128:141 arg1 kind 99:102 a kind 97:102 a kind of potential absorbent 97:125 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 1 18 theme polysaccharide 128:141 arg1 materials 143:151 polysaccharide materials 128:151 polysaccharide materials 128:151 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 8 19 theme @ 1349:1349 arg1 Fe3O4 1350:1354 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 1328:1354 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 4 20 theme oxide 625:629 arg1 Fe3O4 631:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 605:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 0 21 theme heavy 76:80 arg1 ions 88:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 8 22 theme magnetic 1356:1363 arg1 beads 1369:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 1324:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 5 23 theme magnetic 855:862 arg1 bead 868:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 0 24 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 25 from adsorption 814:823 arg1 bead 868:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 26 used utilized 437:444 arg2 Fe3O4 316:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 26 used utilized 437:444 arg2 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 6 27 contain had 1093:1095 arg2 adsorption 1107:1116 selective adsorption 1097:1116 selective adsorption 1097:1116 Moreover, the magnetic gel beads had selective adsorption toward Pb2+. 31047048 6 27 contain had 1093:1095 arg1 beads 1087:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 Moreover, the magnetic gel beads had selective adsorption toward Pb2+. 31047048 0 28 theme polysaccharide/graphene 15:37 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 2 29 theme oxide 415:419 arg1 Fe3O4 421:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 3 30 theme beads 569:573 arg1 property 529:536 The physicochemical property 509:536 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 509:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 0 31 theme @ 45:45 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 8 32 theme wastewater 1421:1430 arg1 treatment 1432:1440 wastewater treatment 1421:1440 wastewater treatment 1421:1440 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 3 33 theme @ 562:562 arg1 beads 569:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 2 34 theme @ 315:315 arg1 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 34 theme @ 315:315 arg1 Fe3O4 316:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 0 35 theme gel 52:54 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 36 theme Langmuir 924:931 arg1 model 942:946 Langmuir isotherm model 924:946 Langmuir isotherm model 924:946 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 7 37 theme magnetic 1148:1155 arg1 beads 1161:1165 the magnetic gel beads 1144:1165 the magnetic gel beads 1144:1165 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 2 38 theme CMC/SA/graphene 294:308 arg1 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 38 theme CMC/SA/graphene 294:308 arg1 Fe3O4 316:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 4 39 theme Fe3O4 766:770 arg1 addition 739:746 the addition 735:746 the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4 735:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 7 40 theme simulated 1274:1282 arg1 environment 1289:1299 the simulated real environment 1270:1299 the simulated real environment 1270:1299 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 4 41 theme oxide 760:764 arg1 Fe3O4 766:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 751:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 2 42 theme composite 273:281 arg1 beads 287:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 the magnetic composite gel beads 260:291 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 43 theme Cu2+ 468:471 arg1 adsorption 454:463 the adsorption 450:463 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater 450:506 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 7 44 theme adsorption 1245:1254 arg1 efficiency 1256:1265 good adsorption efficiency 1240:1265 good adsorption efficiency 1240:1265 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 5 45 theme maximum 957:963 arg1 capacity 976:983 the maximum adsorption capacity 953:983 the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ 953:1006 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 5 46 theme adsorption 777:786 arg1 experiments 788:798 The adsorption experiments 773:798 The adsorption experiments 773:798 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 1 47 theme low 188:190 arg1 absorption 192:201 low absorption 188:201 low absorption 188:201 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 6 48 theme selective 1097:1105 arg1 adsorption 1107:1116 selective adsorption 1097:1116 selective adsorption 1097:1116 Moreover, the magnetic gel beads had selective adsorption toward Pb2+. 31047048 2 49 theme Pb2+ 483:486 arg1 adsorption 454:463 the adsorption 450:463 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater 450:506 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 4 50 theme @ 630:630 arg1 Fe3O4 631:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 605:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 5 51 theme Cu2+ 828:831 arg1 adsorption 814:823 the adsorption 810:823 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead 810:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 52 theme Cd2+ 474:477 arg1 adsorption 454:463 the adsorption 450:463 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater 450:506 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 8 53 theme oxide 1344:1348 arg1 Fe3O4 1350:1354 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 1328:1354 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 6 54 theme magnetic 1074:1081 arg1 beads 1087:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 the magnetic gel beads 1070:1091 Moreover, the magnetic gel beads had selective adsorption toward Pb2+. 31047048 4 55 theme magnetic 637:644 arg1 beads 650:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 0 56 theme adsorbing 66:74 arg1 ions 88:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 3 57 theme physicochemical 513:527 arg1 property 529:536 The physicochemical property 509:536 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 509:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 8 58 theme Fe3O4 1350:1354 arg1 beads 1369:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 1324:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 7 59 theme rates 1204:1208 arg1 % 1184:1184 90% 1182:1184 90% of the adsorption rates 1182:1208 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 7 59 theme rates 1204:1208 arg1 rates 1204:1208 the adsorption rates 1189:1208 the adsorption rates 1189:1208 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 8 60 contain have 1393:1396 arg1 beads 1369:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 1324:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 8 60 contain have 1393:1396 arg2 potential 1408:1416 promising potential 1398:1416 promising potential 1398:1416 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 0 61 theme metal 82:86 arg1 ions 88:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 adsorbing heavy metal ions 66:91 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 62 theme Pb2+ 1003:1006 arg1 capacity 976:983 the maximum adsorption capacity 953:983 the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ 953:1006 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 63 theme @ 420:420 arg1 Fe3O4 421:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 8 64 theme gel 1365:1367 arg1 beads 1369:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 1324:1373 the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents 1324:1391 This work proves that the CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads as the adsorbents have promising potential in wastewater treatment. 31047048 4 65 theme CMC/SA/graphene 609:623 arg1 Fe3O4 631:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 605:635 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads 605:654 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 4 66 from wastewater 687:696 arg1 separate 662:669 separate 662:669 separate 662:669 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 5 67 theme Cu2+ 988:991 arg1 capacity 976:983 the maximum adsorption capacity 953:983 the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ 953:1006 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 5 68 theme gel 864:866 arg1 bead 868:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 the magnetic gel bead 851:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 69 theme carboxymethyl 350:362 arg1 CMC 374:376 CMC 374:376 CMC 374:376 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 69 theme carboxymethyl 350:362 arg1 chitosan 364:371 carboxymethyl chitosan 350:371 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) 350:377 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 69 theme carboxymethyl 350:362 arg1 alginate 387:394 sodium alginate 380:394 sodium alginate (SA) 380:399 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 0 70 theme magnetic 6:13 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 71 theme Cd2+ 994:997 arg1 capacity 976:983 the maximum adsorption capacity 953:983 the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ 953:1006 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 5 72 theme Cd2+ 834:837 arg1 adsorption 814:823 the adsorption 810:823 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead 810:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 73 from wastewater 497:506 arg1 adsorption 454:463 the adsorption 450:463 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater 450:506 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 0 74 theme oxide 39:43 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 75 theme Pb2+ 843:846 arg1 adsorption 814:823 the adsorption 810:823 the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead 810:871 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 2 76 theme sodium 380:385 arg1 SA 397:398 SA 397:398 SA 397:398 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 76 theme sodium 380:385 arg1 chitosan 364:371 carboxymethyl chitosan 350:371 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) 350:377 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 76 theme sodium 380:385 arg1 alginate 387:394 sodium alginate 380:394 sodium alginate (SA) 380:399 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 3 77 theme Fe3O4 563:567 arg1 beads 569:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 0 78 theme Fe3O4 46:50 arg1 beads 56:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads 0:60 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 0:92 Novel magnetic polysaccharide/graphene oxide @Fe3O4 gel beads for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 31047048 5 79 theme pseudo-second-order 894:912 arg1 model 914:918 pseudo-second-order model 894:918 pseudo-second-order model 894:918 The adsorption experiments show that the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on the magnetic gel bead was well fitted with pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ reached 55.96, 86.28 and 189.04 mg/g, respectively. 31047048 7 80 theme gel 1157:1159 arg1 beads 1161:1165 the magnetic gel beads 1144:1165 the magnetic gel beads 1144:1165 In addition, the magnetic gel beads still obtained 90% of the adsorption rates after five cycles, and showed good adsorption efficiency in the simulated real environment. 31047048 2 81 theme graphene 406:413 arg1 Fe3O4 421:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 graphene oxide@Fe3O4 406:425 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 3 82 theme oxide 557:561 arg1 beads 569:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads 541:573 The physicochemical property of CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 beads were characterized in detail. 31047048 4 83 theme due 728:730 arg1 stability 718:726 a higher stability 709:726 a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4 709:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31047048 2 84 theme oxide 310:314 arg1 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 adsorbent 248:256 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 2 84 theme oxide 310:314 arg1 Fe3O4 316:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 294:320 Herein, a novel composite adsorbent - the magnetic composite gel beads (CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4) were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), sodium alginate (SA) with graphene oxide@Fe3O4, and then utilized for the adsorption of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the wastewater. 31047048 1 85 theme recovery 207:214 arg1 rate 216:219 recovery rate 207:219 recovery rate 207:219 As a kind of potential absorbent, polysaccharide materials are limited due to weak stability, low absorption and recovery rate. 31047048 4 86 theme higher 711:716 arg1 stability 718:726 a higher stability 709:726 a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4 709:770 The CMC/SA/graphene oxide@Fe3O4 magnetic gel beads could separate easily from the wastewater and showed a higher stability due to the addition of graphene oxide@Fe3O4. 31271796 9 0 with hydrogels 1792:1800 arg1 properties 1825:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 0 with hydrogels 1792:1800 arg1 rate 1852:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 0 with hydrogels 1792:1800 arg1 biocompatibility 1863:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 3 1 theme composite 488:496 arg1 hydrogel 498:505 composite hydrogel 488:505 composite hydrogel 488:505 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 9 2 theme tunable 1808:1814 arg1 properties 1825:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 3 from reduction 1032:1040 arg1 mass 1045:1048 mass 1045:1048 mass 1045:1048 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 3 from reduction 1032:1040 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 3 from reduction 1032:1040 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 3 4 theme horseradish 535:545 arg1 cross-links 522:532 enzymatic cross-links 512:532 enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) 512:579 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 4 theme horseradish 535:545 arg1 peroxidase 547:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 5 5 theme storage 1089:1095 arg1 modulus 1097:1103 storage modulus 1089:1103 storage modulus 1089:1103 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 6 dep properties 1147:1156 arg1 modulus 1171:1177 compressive modulus 1159:1177 compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa 1159:1196 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 4 7 theme infrared 655:662 arg1 TGA 702:704 TGA 702:704 TGA 702:704 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 4 7 theme infrared 655:662 arg1 analysis 692:699 infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis 655:699 infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 655:705 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 0 8 theme Silk 0:3 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel 0:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties 0:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 9 9 theme degradation 1840:1850 arg1 rate 1852:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 9 theme degradation 1840:1850 arg1 biocompatibility 1863:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 7 10 theme chondrogenic 1508:1519 arg1 phenotype 1521:1529 chondrogenic phenotype 1508:1529 chondrogenic phenotype 1508:1529 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 5 11 from 13 1184:1185 arg1 modulus 1171:1177 compressive modulus 1159:1177 compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa 1159:1196 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 4 12 theme Fourier 637:643 arg1 Results 626:632 Results 626:632 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) 626:734 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 8 13 theme local 1649:1653 arg1 responses 1668:1676 local inflammatory responses 1649:1676 local inflammatory responses 1649:1676 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 3 14 dep cross-links 522:532 arg1 cross-links 522:532 enzymatic cross-links 512:532 enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) 512:579 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 14 dep cross-links 522:532 arg1 peroxidase 547:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 14 dep cross-links 522:532 arg1 peroxide 571:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 7 15 theme glycosaminoglycan 1475:1491 arg1 synthesis 1493:1501 glycosaminoglycan synthesis 1475:1501 glycosaminoglycan synthesis 1475:1501 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 5 16 theme 78.1 ± 2.6 974:983 arg1 % 984:984 % 984:984 % 984:984 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 2 17 theme biomechanical 278:290 arg1 properties 292:301 the biomechanical properties 274:301 the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage 274:325 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 1 18 theme promising 156:164 arg1 engineering 139:149 Tissue engineering 132:149 Tissue engineering 132:149 Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration. 31271796 1 18 theme promising 156:164 arg1 strategy 166:173 a promising strategy 154:173 a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration 154:211 Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration. 31271796 9 19 theme cartilage 1909:1917 arg1 engineering 1926:1936 cartilage tissue engineering 1909:1936 cartilage tissue engineering 1909:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 20 theme compressive 1159:1169 arg1 modulus 1171:1177 compressive modulus 1159:1177 compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa 1159:1196 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 21 theme 100 1021:1023 arg1 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 0 22 theme chitosan 27:34 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel 0:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties 0:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 8 23 theme good 1692:1695 arg1 biocompatibility 1697:1712 a good biocompatibility 1690:1712 a good biocompatibility in vivo 1690:1720 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 5 24 theme ethanol 848:854 arg1 treatment 856:864 ethanol treatment 848:864 ethanol treatment 848:864 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 4 25 theme gravimetric 680:690 arg1 TGA 702:704 TGA 702:704 TGA 702:704 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 4 25 theme gravimetric 680:690 arg1 analysis 692:699 infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis 655:699 infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 655:705 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 5 26 dep 8 h 878:880 arg1 to 875:876 to 875:876 to 875:876 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 1 27 theme Tissue 132:137 arg1 engineering 139:149 Tissue engineering 132:149 Tissue engineering 132:149 Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration. 31271796 1 27 theme Tissue 132:137 arg1 strategy 166:173 a promising strategy 154:173 a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration 154:211 Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration. 31271796 4 28 contain had 778:780 arg2 structure 800:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 4 28 contain had 778:780 arg1 hydrogels 768:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 0 29 theme cartilage 112:120 arg1 scaffold 122:129 cartilage scaffold 112:129 cartilage scaffold 112:129 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 2 30 theme native 310:315 arg1 cartilage 317:325 the native cartilage 306:325 the native cartilage 306:325 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 5 31 theme pore 916:919 arg1 size 921:924 pore size 916:924 pore size (from 50 to 300 μm) 916:944 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 3 32 theme silk 436:439 arg1 SF 450:451 SF 450:451 SF 450:451 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 32 theme silk 436:439 arg1 fibroin 441:447 a silk fibroin 434:447 a silk fibroin (SF) 434:452 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 7 33 dep in 1380:1381 arg1 vitro 1383:1387 vitro 1383:1387 vitro 1383:1387 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 5 34 dep reduction 1032:1040 arg1 % 1030:1030 % 1030:1030 % 1030:1030 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 8 35 from implantation 1587:1598 arg1 mice 1620:1623 mice 1620:1623 mice 1620:1623 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 6 36 theme 2 h 1292:1294 arg1 treatment 1304:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31271796 7 37 theme chondrocytes 1551:1562 arg1 synthesis 1493:1501 glycosaminoglycan synthesis 1475:1501 glycosaminoglycan synthesis 1475:1501 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 7 37 theme chondrocytes 1551:1562 arg1 adhesion 1450:1457 adhesion 1450:1457 adhesion 1450:1457 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 7 37 theme chondrocytes 1551:1562 arg1 phenotype 1521:1529 chondrogenic phenotype 1508:1529 chondrogenic phenotype 1508:1529 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 7 37 theme chondrocytes 1551:1562 arg1 proliferation 1460:1472 proliferation 1460:1472 proliferation 1460:1472 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 6 38 theme hydrogels 1277:1285 arg1 parameters 1259:1268 the material parameters 1246:1268 the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment 1246:1312 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31271796 5 39 theme parameters 895:904 arg1 series 885:890 a series 883:890 a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 883:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 7 40 theme rabbit 1534:1539 arg1 chondrocytes 1551:1562 rabbit articular chondrocytes 1534:1562 rabbit articular chondrocytes 1534:1562 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 9 41 from scaffolds 1895:1903 arg1 conclusion 1726:1735 conclusion 1726:1735 conclusion 1726:1735 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 42 dep % 1024:1024 arg1 to 1026:1027 to 1026:1027 to 1026:1027 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 4 43 theme β-sheet 792:798 arg1 structure 800:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 6 44 theme material 1250:1257 arg1 parameters 1259:1268 the material parameters 1246:1268 the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment 1246:1312 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31271796 3 45 dep fibroin 441:447 arg1 hydrogel 498:505 composite hydrogel 488:505 composite hydrogel 488:505 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 9 46 theme chemical-physical 1742:1758 arg1 scaffolds 1895:1903 promising scaffolds 1885:1903 promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering 1885:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 46 theme chemical-physical 1742:1758 arg1 hydrogels 1792:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 3 47 theme ethanol 606:612 arg1 cross-links 593:603 β-sheet cross-links 585:603 β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment) 585:623 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 47 theme ethanol 606:612 arg1 treatment 614:622 ethanol treatment 606:622 ethanol treatment 606:622 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 2 48 theme ideal 226:230 arg1 material 244:251 an ideal scaffolding material 223:251 an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells 223:392 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 4 49 theme SF/CMCS 750:756 arg1 hydrogels 768:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 2 50 theme chondrogenic 350:361 arg1 phenotype 363:371 the chondrogenic phenotype 346:371 the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells 346:392 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 9 51 theme SF/CMCS 1774:1780 arg1 scaffolds 1895:1903 promising scaffolds 1885:1903 promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering 1885:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 51 theme SF/CMCS 1774:1780 arg1 hydrogels 1792:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 2 52 theme seeding 380:386 arg1 cells 388:392 the seeding cells 376:392 the seeding cells 376:392 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 5 53 theme rheological 1065:1075 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 53 theme rheological 1065:1075 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 54 dep % 984:984 arg1 to 986:987 to 986:987 to 986:987 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 2 55 theme cartilage 317:325 arg1 properties 292:301 the biomechanical properties 274:301 the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage 274:325 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 8 56 theme subcutaneous 1574:1585 arg1 implantation 1587:1598 subcutaneous implantation 1574:1598 subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice 1574:1623 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 5 57 theme treatment 856:864 arg1 time 840:843 the time 836:843 the time of ethanol treatment 836:864 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 9 58 theme material 1816:1823 arg1 properties 1825:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 tunable material properties 1808:1834 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 3 59 theme enzymatic 512:520 arg1 cross-links 522:532 enzymatic cross-links 512:532 enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) 512:579 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 59 theme enzymatic 512:520 arg1 peroxidase 547:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 horseradish peroxidase 535:556 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 59 theme enzymatic 512:520 arg1 peroxide 571:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 5 60 from 300 μm 938:943 arg1 properties 1147:1156 mechanical properties 1136:1156 mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 1136:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 60 from 300 μm 938:943 arg1 size 921:924 pore size 916:924 pore size (from 50 to 300 μm) 916:944 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 60 from 300 μm 938:943 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 60 from 300 μm 938:943 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 60 from 300 μm 938:943 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 0 61 theme biomechanical 58:70 arg1 properties 72:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 5 62 dep swelling 959:966 arg1 modulus 1097:1103 storage modulus 1089:1103 storage modulus 1089:1103 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 3 63 theme hydrogen 562:569 arg1 cross-links 522:532 enzymatic cross-links 512:532 enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) 512:579 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 63 theme hydrogen 562:569 arg1 peroxide 571:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 hydrogen peroxide 562:578 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 8 64 theme hydrogels 1607:1615 arg1 implantation 1587:1598 subcutaneous implantation 1574:1598 subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice 1574:1623 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 9 65 theme good 1858:1861 arg1 rate 1852:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 degradation rate 1840:1855 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 65 theme good 1858:1861 arg1 biocompatibility 1863:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 good biocompatibility 1858:1878 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 66 dep 300 μm 938:943 arg1 to 935:936 to 935:936 to 935:936 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 7 67 dep adhesion 1450:1457 arg1 the 1446:1448 the 1446:1448 the 1446:1448 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 3 68 theme β-sheet 585:591 arg1 cross-links 593:603 β-sheet cross-links 585:603 β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment) 585:623 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 68 theme β-sheet 585:591 arg1 treatment 614:622 ethanol treatment 606:622 ethanol treatment 606:622 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 5 69 from 177 Pa 1110:1115 arg1 properties 1147:1156 mechanical properties 1136:1156 mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 1136:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 69 from 177 Pa 1110:1115 arg1 size 921:924 pore size 916:924 pore size (from 50 to 300 μm) 916:944 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 69 from 177 Pa 1110:1115 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 69 from 177 Pa 1110:1115 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 69 from 177 Pa 1110:1115 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 9 70 theme promising 1885:1893 arg1 scaffolds 1895:1903 promising scaffolds 1885:1903 promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering 1885:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 70 theme promising 1885:1893 arg1 hydrogels 1792:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 71 theme mechanical 1136:1145 arg1 properties 1147:1156 mechanical properties 1136:1156 mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 1136:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 8 72 theme inflammatory 1655:1666 arg1 responses 1668:1676 local inflammatory responses 1649:1676 local inflammatory responses 1649:1676 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 3 73 theme carboxymethyl 458:470 arg1 CMCS 482:485 CMCS 482:485 CMCS 482:485 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 3 73 theme carboxymethyl 458:470 arg1 chitosan 472:479 carboxymethyl chitosan 458:479 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 458:486 In this study, we developed a silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) composite hydrogel with enzymatic cross-links (horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide) and β-sheet cross-links (ethanol treatment). 31271796 0 74 theme application 87:97 arg1 potential 99:107 application potential 87:107 application potential 87:107 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 9 75 theme tissue 1919:1924 arg1 engineering 1926:1936 cartilage tissue engineering 1909:1936 cartilage tissue engineering 1909:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 1 76 theme cartilage 179:187 arg1 repair 189:194 cartilage repair 179:194 cartilage repair 179:194 Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage repair and regeneration. 31271796 5 77 from % 999:999 arg1 properties 1147:1156 mechanical properties 1136:1156 mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 1136:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 77 from % 999:999 arg1 size 921:924 pore size 916:924 pore size (from 50 to 300 μm) 916:944 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 77 from % 999:999 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 77 from % 999:999 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 77 from % 999:999 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 78 theme 9 1029:1029 arg1 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 6 79 with hydrogels 1277:1285 arg1 treatment 1304:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31271796 5 80 dep % 1030:1030 arg1 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 % 1024:1024 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 0 81 theme fibroin/carboxymethyl 5:25 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel 0:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties 0:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 5 82 theme 91.9 ± 0.9 989:998 arg1 % 984:984 % 984:984 % 984:984 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 4 83 theme X-ray 712:716 arg1 XRD 731:733 XRD 731:733 XRD 731:733 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 4 83 theme X-ray 712:716 arg1 diffraction 718:728 X-ray diffraction 712:728 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 712:734 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 0 84 theme tunable 50:56 arg1 properties 72:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 4 85 dep Fourier 637:643 arg1 transform 645:653 transform 645:653 transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) 645:734 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 7 86 theme articular 1541:1549 arg1 chondrocytes 1551:1562 rabbit articular chondrocytes 1534:1562 rabbit articular chondrocytes 1534:1562 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 8 87 from hydrogels 1607:1615 arg1 mice 1620:1623 mice 1620:1623 mice 1620:1623 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 0 88 with hydrogel 36:43 arg1 properties 72:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 tunable biomechanical properties 50:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 7 89 theme cellular 1389:1396 arg1 experiments 1398:1408 the in vitro cellular experiments 1376:1408 the in vitro cellular experiments 1376:1408 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 5 90 theme equilibrium 947:957 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 90 theme equilibrium 947:957 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 90 theme equilibrium 947:957 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 2 91 theme scaffolding 232:242 arg1 material 244:251 an ideal scaffolding material 223:251 an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells 223:392 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 4 92 theme tunable 784:790 arg1 structure 800:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 a tunable β-sheet structure 782:808 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 8 93 from mice 1620:1623 arg1 implantation 1587:1598 subcutaneous implantation 1574:1598 subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice 1574:1623 Finally, subcutaneous implantation of the hydrogels in mice showed no infections or local inflammatory responses, indicating a good biocompatibility in vivo. 31271796 7 94 theme in 1380:1381 arg1 experiments 1398:1408 the in vitro cellular experiments 1376:1408 the in vitro cellular experiments 1376:1408 Furthermore, the in vitro cellular experiments showed that the hydrogels supported the adhesion, proliferation, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, and chondrogenic phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes. 31271796 9 95 theme cross-linking 1760:1772 arg1 scaffolds 1895:1903 promising scaffolds 1885:1903 promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering 1885:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 95 theme cross-linking 1760:1772 arg1 hydrogels 1792:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 5 96 theme hydrogels 1206:1214 arg1 properties 1147:1156 mechanical properties 1136:1156 mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels 1136:1214 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 96 theme hydrogels 1206:1214 arg1 size 921:924 pore size 916:924 pore size (from 50 to 300 μm) 916:944 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 96 theme hydrogels 1206:1214 arg1 degradation 1003:1013 degradation 1003:1013 degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days) 1003:1062 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 96 theme hydrogels 1206:1214 arg1 properties 1077:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 rheological properties 1065:1086 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 5 96 theme hydrogels 1206:1214 arg1 swelling 959:966 equilibrium swelling 947:966 equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%) 947:1000 Therefore, by increasing the time of ethanol treatment from 0 h to 8 h, a series of parameters including pore size (from 50 to 300 μm), equilibrium swelling (from 78.1 ± 2.6% to 91.9 ± 0.9%), degradation (from 100% to 9% reduction in mass over 56 days), rheological properties (storage modulus from 177 Pa to 88,904 Pa), and mechanical properties (compressive modulus from 13 to 829 kPa) of the hydrogels were adjusted. 31271796 2 97 theme cells 388:392 arg1 phenotype 363:371 the chondrogenic phenotype 346:371 the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells 346:392 However, an ideal scaffolding material that not only mimics the biomechanical properties of the native cartilage, but also supports the chondrogenic phenotype of the seeding cells is in need. 31271796 6 98 theme engineered 1341:1350 arg1 cartilage 1352:1360 engineered cartilage 1341:1360 engineered cartilage 1341:1360 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31271796 4 99 dep infrared 655:662 arg1 thermal 672:678 thermal 672:678 thermal 672:678 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 4 99 dep infrared 655:662 arg1 FTIR 665:668 FTIR 665:668 FTIR 665:668 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 9 100 theme composite 1782:1790 arg1 scaffolds 1895:1903 promising scaffolds 1885:1903 promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering 1885:1936 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 9 100 theme composite 1782:1790 arg1 hydrogels 1792:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 1738:1800 In conclusion, the chemical-physical cross-linking SF/CMCS composite hydrogels, with tunable material properties and degradation rate, good biocompatibility, are promising scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. 31271796 4 101 theme composite 758:766 arg1 hydrogels 768:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 SF/CMCS composite hydrogels 750:776 Results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified that SF/CMCS composite hydrogels had a tunable β-sheet structure. 31271796 0 102 contain has 83:85 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel 0:43 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties 0:81 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 0 102 contain has 83:85 arg2 potential 99:107 application potential 87:107 application potential 87:107 Silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel with tunable biomechanical properties has application potential as cartilage scaffold. 31271796 6 103 theme ethanol 1296:1302 arg1 treatment 1304:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 2 h ethanol treatment 1292:1312 In particular, the material parameters of the hydrogels with 2 h ethanol treatment appeared most suitable for engineered cartilage. 31146078 10 0 theme E. 1023:1024 arg1 gracilis 1026:1033 E. gracilis 1023:1033 E. gracilis 1023:1033 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 5 1 theme stages 534:539 arg1 effects 465:471 the effects 461:471 the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 461:539 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 4 2 theme gracilis 395:402 arg1 contents 380:387 paramylon contents 370:387 paramylon contents 370:387 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 4 2 theme gracilis 395:402 arg1 growth 359:364 growth 359:364 growth 359:364 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 5 3 theme optimal 422:428 arg1 conditions 430:439 the optimal conditions 418:439 the optimal conditions for co-cultivation 418:458 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 4 4 theme E. 392:393 arg1 gracilis 395:402 E. gracilis 392:402 E. gracilis 392:402 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 0 5 theme Pseudoalteromonas 90:106 arg1 sp 108:109 Pseudoalteromonas sp 90:109 Pseudoalteromonas sp 90:109 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 3 6 theme MEBiC 235:239 arg1 03485 241:245 MEBiC 03485 235:245 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 235:304 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 5 7 theme gracilis 518:525 arg1 stages 534:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 2 8 theme putative 153:160 arg1 effects 162:168 the putative effects 149:168 the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp 149:232 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 5 9 theme inoculum 495:502 arg1 ratios 504:509 bacterial inoculum ratios 485:509 bacterial inoculum ratios 485:509 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 3 10 theme E. 264:265 arg1 gracilis 267:274 E. gracilis 264:274 E. gracilis 264:274 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 4 11 theme paramylon 370:378 arg1 contents 380:387 paramylon contents 370:387 paramylon contents 370:387 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 8 12 theme EPS 857:859 arg1 composition 842:852 the composition 838:852 the composition of EPS 838:859 GC-MS and HPAEC were carried out to analyze the composition of EPS. 31146078 6 13 theme paramylon 611:619 arg1 production 621:630 paramylon production 611:630 paramylon production 611:630 Under optimal conditions, the biomass productivity and paramylon production were increased by more than 23% and 34%, respectively. 31146078 10 14 theme paramylon 1050:1058 arg1 production 1060:1069 its paramylon production 1046:1069 the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production 1009:1069 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 7 15 from 03485 787:791 arg1 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 7 15 from 03485 787:791 arg1 substances 748:757 the extracellular polymeric substances 720:757 the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485 720:791 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 4 16 dep MEBiC 317:321 arg1 03485 323:327 03485 323:327 03485 323:327 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 5 17 theme bacterial 485:493 arg1 ratios 504:509 bacterial inoculum ratios 485:509 bacterial inoculum ratios 485:509 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 0 18 theme growth 15:20 arg1 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 0:110 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 7 19 theme strain 774:779 arg1 03485 787:791 the strain MEBiC 03485 770:791 the strain MEBiC 03485 770:791 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 3 20 theme paramylon 284:292 arg1 production 294:303 its paramylon production 280:303 its paramylon production 280:303 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 2 21 theme Euglena 191:197 arg1 gracilis 199:206 Euglena gracilis 191:206 Euglena gracilis 191:206 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 5 22 theme algal 476:480 arg1 stages 534:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 0 23 theme production 36:45 arg1 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 0:110 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 7 24 theme MEBiC 781:785 arg1 03485 787:791 the strain MEBiC 03485 770:791 the strain MEBiC 03485 770:791 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 3 25 theme gracilis 267:274 arg1 growth 254:259 the growth 250:259 the growth of E. gracilis 250:274 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 3 25 theme gracilis 267:274 arg1 production 294:303 its paramylon production 280:303 its paramylon production 280:303 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 10 26 theme novel 968:972 arg1 approach 974:981 a novel approach 966:981 a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485 966:1125 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 0 27 theme paramylon 26:34 arg1 production 36:45 paramylon production 26:45 paramylon production 26:45 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 10 28 theme symbiotic 1098:1106 arg1 strain 1108:1113 the symbiotic strain 1094:1113 the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485 1094:1125 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 2 29 theme co-cultivation 173:186 arg1 effects 162:168 the putative effects 149:168 the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp 149:232 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 10 30 theme MEBiC 1115:1119 arg1 strain 1108:1113 the symbiotic strain 1094:1113 the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485 1094:1125 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 0 31 theme Euglena 50:56 arg1 gracilis 58:65 Euglena gracilis 50:65 Euglena gracilis 50:65 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 2 32 with co-cultivation 173:186 arg1 sp 231:232 Pseudoalteromonas sp 213:232 Pseudoalteromonas sp 213:232 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 6 33 theme optimal 562:568 arg1 conditions 570:579 optimal conditions 562:579 optimal conditions 562:579 Under optimal conditions, the biomass productivity and paramylon production were increased by more than 23% and 34%, respectively. 31146078 3 34 from 03485 241:245 arg1 growth 254:259 the growth 250:259 the growth of E. gracilis 250:274 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 3 34 from 03485 241:245 arg1 production 294:303 its paramylon production 280:303 its paramylon production 280:303 MEBiC 03485 on the growth of E. gracilis and its paramylon production. 31146078 10 35 dep MEBiC 1115:1119 arg1 03485 1121:1125 03485 1121:1125 03485 1121:1125 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 2 36 theme Pseudoalteromonas 213:229 arg1 sp 231:232 Pseudoalteromonas sp 213:232 Pseudoalteromonas sp 213:232 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 0 37 with co-cultivation 70:83 arg1 sp 108:109 Pseudoalteromonas sp 90:109 Pseudoalteromonas sp 90:109 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 5 38 theme growth 527:532 arg1 stages 534:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 10 39 with co-culturing 1076:1087 arg1 strain 1108:1113 the symbiotic strain 1094:1113 the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485 1094:1125 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 5 40 theme E. 515:516 arg1 stages 534:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages 476:539 To determine the optimal conditions for co-cultivation, the effects of algal to bacterial inoculum ratios and E. gracilis growth stages were examined. 31146078 4 41 contain had 329:331 arg2 effects 344:350 beneficial effects 333:350 beneficial effects 333:350 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 4 41 contain had 329:331 arg1 strain 310:315 The strain 306:315 The strain MEBiC 03485 306:327 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 2 42 theme gracilis 199:206 arg1 co-cultivation 173:186 co-cultivation 173:186 co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp 173:232 This study investigated the putative effects of co-cultivation of Euglena gracilis with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 4 43 theme MEBiC 317:321 arg1 strain 310:315 The strain 306:315 The strain MEBiC 03485 306:327 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 7 44 theme extracellular 724:736 arg1 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 7 44 theme extracellular 724:736 arg1 substances 748:757 the extracellular polymeric substances 720:757 the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485 720:791 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 0 45 theme gracilis 58:65 arg1 growth 15:20 growth 15:20 growth 15:20 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 0 45 theme gracilis 58:65 arg1 production 36:45 paramylon production 26:45 paramylon production 26:45 Enhancement of growth and paramylon production of Euglena gracilis by co-cultivation with Pseudoalteromonas sp. 31146078 10 46 theme gracilis 1026:1033 arg1 growth 1013:1018 the growth 1009:1018 the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production 1009:1069 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 10 46 theme gracilis 1026:1033 arg1 production 1060:1069 its paramylon production 1046:1069 the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production 1009:1069 These results suggest a novel approach for potentially enhancing the growth of E. gracilis as well as its paramylon production, via co-culturing with the symbiotic strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 6 47 theme biomass 586:592 arg1 productivity 594:605 biomass productivity 586:605 biomass productivity 586:605 Under optimal conditions, the biomass productivity and paramylon production were increased by more than 23% and 34%, respectively. 31146078 4 48 theme beneficial 333:342 arg1 effects 344:350 beneficial effects 333:350 beneficial effects 333:350 The strain MEBiC 03485 had beneficial effects on the growth and paramylon contents of E. gracilis. 31146078 7 49 theme polymeric 738:746 arg1 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 EPS 760:762 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 31146078 7 49 theme polymeric 738:746 arg1 substances 748:757 the extracellular polymeric substances 720:757 the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485 720:791 These effects were attributed to the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the strain MEBiC 03485. 29948978 4 0 theme MCC 975:977 arg1 size 967:970 the particles size 953:970 the particles size of MCC used in this study 953:996 This was the reason that the particles size of MCC used in this study was significantly larger compared to that of drug NP. 29948978 4 0 theme MCC 975:977 arg1 larger 1016:1021 larger 1016:1021 larger 1016:1021 This was the reason that the particles size of MCC used in this study was significantly larger compared to that of drug NP. 29948978 0 1 from Effect 14:19 arg1 Particles 71:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 7 2 theme compaction 1429:1438 arg1 process 1440:1446 compaction process 1429:1446 compaction process 1429:1446 MCC can effectively shield the NP from significant aggregation during compaction process. 29948978 1 3 theme composite 164:172 arg1 NP 185:186 NP 185:186 NP 185:186 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 1 3 theme composite 164:172 arg1 particles 174:182 composite particles 164:182 composite particles (NP) 164:187 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 3 4 theme intrinsic 878:886 arg1 spaces 893:898 the intrinsic void spaces 874:898 the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles 874:925 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 5 theme NP 494:495 arg1 densification 477:489 densification 477:489 densification of NP 477:495 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 6 theme volume 668:673 arg1 reduction 675:683 volume reduction 668:683 volume reduction 668:683 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 7 theme mixtures 369:376 arg1 correlation 354:364 The force-displacement correlation 331:364 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 331:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 4 8 theme drug 1043:1046 arg1 NP 1048:1049 drug NP 1043:1049 drug NP 1043:1049 This was the reason that the particles size of MCC used in this study was significantly larger compared to that of drug NP. 29948978 1 9 theme microcrystalline 254:269 arg1 MCC 282:284 MCC 282:284 MCC 282:284 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 1 9 theme microcrystalline 254:269 arg1 cellulose 271:279 microcrystalline cellulose 254:279 microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 254:285 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 2 10 theme compaction 534:543 arg1 curves 545:550 the resultant compaction curves 520:550 the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) 520:593 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 5 11 theme typical 1115:1121 arg1 scale 1128:1132 a typical time scale 1113:1132 a typical time scale 1113:1132 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 6 12 theme inter-particles 1244:1258 arg1 spaces 1230:1235 void spaces 1225:1235 void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1225:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 7 13 theme significant 1398:1408 arg1 aggregation 1410:1420 significant aggregation 1398:1420 significant aggregation during compaction process 1398:1446 MCC can effectively shield the NP from significant aggregation during compaction process. 29948978 7 14 from aggregation 1410:1420 arg1 NP 1390:1391 the NP 1386:1391 the NP from significant aggregation during compaction process 1386:1446 MCC can effectively shield the NP from significant aggregation during compaction process. 29948978 1 15 theme cellulose 271:279 arg1 mixtures 242:249 binary mixtures 235:249 binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles 235:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 2 16 theme resultant 524:532 arg1 curves 545:550 the resultant compaction curves 520:550 the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) 520:593 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 5 17 theme rearrangement 1070:1082 arg1 phenomenon 1084:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon 1052:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP 1052:1099 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 6 18 theme MCC 1240:1242 arg1 inter-particles 1244:1258 MCC inter-particles 1240:1258 MCC inter-particles 1240:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 2 19 contain containing 378:387 arg2 ratios 399:404 different ratios 389:404 different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 389:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 19 contain containing 378:387 arg1 mixtures 369:376 mixtures 369:376 mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 369:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 20 theme important 644:652 arg1 mechanisms 654:663 the most important mechanisms 635:663 the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction 635:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 3 21 theme MCC 908:910 arg1 microparticles 912:925 MCC microparticles 908:925 MCC microparticles 908:925 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 22 theme micronized 417:426 arg1 NP 428:429 micronized NP 417:429 micronized NP 417:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 3 23 theme void 888:891 arg1 spaces 893:898 the intrinsic void spaces 874:898 the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles 874:925 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 24 from NP 697:698 arg1 stages 713:718 different stages 703:718 different stages of compaction 703:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 0 25 theme Shielding 4:12 arg1 Effect 14:19 The Shielding Effect 0:19 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles 0:79 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 5 26 theme NP 1098:1099 arg1 phenomenon 1084:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon 1052:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP 1052:1099 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 6 27 theme void 1225:1228 arg1 spaces 1230:1235 void spaces 1225:1235 void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1225:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 2 28 from nature 467:472 arg1 densification 477:489 densification 477:489 densification of NP 477:495 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 29 theme MCC 409:411 arg1 ratios 399:404 different ratios 389:404 different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 389:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 5 30 theme interstitial 1057:1068 arg1 phenomenon 1084:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon 1052:1093 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP 1052:1099 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 2 31 theme reduction 675:683 arg1 mechanisms 654:663 the most important mechanisms 635:663 the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction 635:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 32 from MCC 689:691 arg1 stages 713:718 different stages 703:718 different stages of compaction 703:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 6 33 theme elastic 1286:1292 arg1 behavior 1204:1211 This migration behavior 1189:1211 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1189:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 6 33 theme elastic 1286:1292 arg1 mechanism 1312:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 0 34 theme Cellulose 41:49 arg1 Effect 14:19 The Shielding Effect 0:19 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles 0:79 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 1 35 theme nanocrystal 291:301 arg1 particles 303:311 nanocrystal particles 291:311 nanocrystal particles 291:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 6 36 theme relaxation 1301:1310 arg1 behavior 1204:1211 This migration behavior 1189:1211 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1189:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 6 36 theme relaxation 1301:1310 arg1 mechanism 1312:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 0 37 theme Microcrystalline 24:39 arg1 Cellulose 41:49 Microcrystalline Cellulose 24:49 Microcrystalline Cellulose 24:49 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 1 38 theme particles 303:311 arg1 mixtures 242:249 binary mixtures 235:249 binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles 235:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 6 39 theme stress 1294:1299 arg1 behavior 1204:1211 This migration behavior 1189:1211 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1189:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 6 39 theme stress 1294:1299 arg1 mechanism 1312:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 3 40 theme MCC 794:796 arg1 compaction 769:778 the close compaction 759:778 the close compaction of individual MCC 759:796 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 1 41 theme compaction 212:221 arg1 behavior 223:230 the compaction behavior 208:230 the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles 208:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 0 42 theme Drug 54:57 arg1 Particles 71:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 3 43 theme individual 783:792 arg1 MCC 794:796 individual MCC 783:796 individual MCC 783:796 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 44 theme thickness 584:592 arg1 function 565:572 function 565:572 function of in-die thickness 565:592 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 4 45 theme particles 957:965 arg1 size 967:970 the particles size 953:970 the particles size of MCC used in this study 953:996 This was the reason that the particles size of MCC used in this study was significantly larger compared to that of drug NP. 29948978 4 45 theme particles 957:965 arg1 larger 1016:1021 larger 1016:1021 larger 1016:1021 This was the reason that the particles size of MCC used in this study was significantly larger compared to that of drug NP. 29948978 6 46 theme migration 1194:1202 arg1 mechanism 1312:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 an elastic stress relaxation mechanism 1283:1320 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 6 46 theme migration 1194:1202 arg1 behavior 1204:1211 This migration behavior 1189:1211 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles 1189:1258 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 2 47 theme different 703:711 arg1 stages 713:718 different stages 703:718 different stages of compaction 703:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 1 48 theme compaction 117:126 arg1 behavior 128:135 the compaction behavior 113:135 the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting 113:205 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 3 49 theme close 763:767 arg1 compaction 769:778 the close compaction 759:778 the close compaction of individual MCC 759:796 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 50 theme in-die 577:582 arg1 thickness 584:592 in-die thickness 577:592 in-die thickness 577:592 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 5 51 theme time 1123:1126 arg1 scale 1128:1132 a typical time scale 1113:1132 a typical time scale 1113:1132 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 6 52 theme NP 1355:1356 arg1 dissolution 1340:1350 dissolution 1340:1350 dissolution of NP 1340:1356 This migration behavior occurred on void spaces of MCC inter-particles might be identified as an elastic stress relaxation mechanism and be helpful to dissolution of NP. 29948978 5 53 theme compaction 1177:1186 arg1 speed 1168:1172 the speed 1164:1172 the speed of compaction 1164:1186 This interstitial rearrangement phenomenon of NP occurred on a typical time scale and was strongly dependent on the speed of compaction. 29948978 2 54 theme force-displacement 335:352 arg1 correlation 354:364 The force-displacement correlation 331:364 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 331:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 0 55 dep Effect 14:19 arg1 Compaction 88:97 Compaction 88:97 Compaction 88:97 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 1 56 theme drug 140:143 arg1 nanocrystals 145:156 drug nanocrystals 140:156 drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting 140:205 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 3 57 theme drug 839:842 arg1 particles 847:855 the drug NP particles 835:855 the drug NP particles 835:855 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 2 58 theme NP 428:429 arg1 ratios 399:404 different ratios 389:404 different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 389:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 59 dep curves 545:550 arg1 pressure 553:560 pressure 553:560 pressure 553:560 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 1 60 theme nanocrystals 145:156 arg1 behavior 128:135 the compaction behavior 113:135 the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting 113:205 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 3 61 theme NP 844:845 arg1 particles 847:855 the drug NP particles 835:855 the drug NP particles 835:855 The results showed that the close compaction of individual MCC was relatively quickly achieved, and the drug NP particles could slide into the intrinsic void spaces between MCC microparticles. 29948978 1 62 theme binary 235:240 arg1 mixtures 242:249 binary mixtures 235:249 binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles 235:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29948978 0 63 theme Nanocrystal 59:69 arg1 Particles 71:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 Drug Nanocrystal Particles 54:79 The Shielding Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on Drug Nanocrystal Particles During Compaction. 29948978 2 64 theme compaction 723:732 arg1 stages 713:718 different stages 703:718 different stages of compaction 703:732 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 2 65 theme different 389:397 arg1 ratios 399:404 different ratios 389:404 different ratios of MCC and micronized NP 389:429 The force-displacement correlation of mixtures containing different ratios of MCC and micronized NP was studied in order to explain the nature on densification of NP during compaction, and the resultant compaction curves (pressure as function of in-die thickness) were systemically analyzed to elucidate the most important mechanisms of volume reduction for MCC and NP in different stages of compaction. 29948978 1 66 theme mixtures 242:249 arg1 behavior 223:230 the compaction behavior 208:230 the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles 208:311 To elucidate the compaction behavior of drug nanocrystals based composite particles (NP) during tabletting, the compaction behavior of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nanocrystal particles was investigated. 29738798 8 0 theme capsule-filling 1293:1307 arg1 process 1309:1315 the continuous capsule-filling process 1278:1315 the continuous capsule-filling process 1278:1315 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 3 1 theme process 517:523 arg1 platforms 525:533 continuous process platforms 506:533 continuous process platforms 506:533 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 4 2 theme experiments 554:564 arg1 set 547:549 a first set 539:549 a first set of experiments 539:564 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 2 theme experiments 554:564 arg1 experiments 554:564 experiments 554:564 experiments 554:564 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 5 3 theme standard 888:895 arg1 deviation 897:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 4 4 theme critical 716:723 arg1 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 4 theme critical 716:723 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 4 theme critical 716:723 arg1 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 4 theme critical 716:723 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 4 theme critical 716:723 arg1 depth 794:798 immersion depth 784:798 immersion depth 784:798 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 3 5 theme process 373:379 arg1 model 381:385 a statistical process model 359:385 a statistical process model 359:385 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 3 6 dep generated 394:402 arg1 Using 340:344 Using 340:344 Using our approach 340:357 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 5 7 theme relative 879:886 arg1 deviation 897:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 4 8 dep parameters 733:742 arg1 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 8 dep parameters 733:742 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 8 dep parameters 733:742 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 8 dep parameters 733:742 arg1 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 8 dep parameters 733:742 arg1 depth 794:798 immersion depth 784:798 immersion depth 784:798 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 9 theme different 602:610 arg1 compositions 620:631 different mixture compositions 602:631 different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate 602:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 6 10 theme standard 1105:1112 arg1 deviation 1114:1122 relative standard deviation 1096:1122 relative standard deviation 1096:1122 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 4 11 theme process 725:731 arg1 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 11 theme process 725:731 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 11 theme process 725:731 arg1 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 11 theme process 725:731 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 11 theme process 725:731 arg1 depth 794:798 immersion depth 784:798 immersion depth 784:798 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 8 12 theme development 1253:1263 arg1 approach 1265:1272 development approach 1253:1272 the rapid automated process development approach 1225:1272 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 6 13 theme set 1054:1056 arg1 points 1058:1063 different set points 1044:1063 different set points 1044:1063 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 5 14 theme model 839:843 arg1 weight 864:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 14 theme model 839:843 arg1 Targets 824:830 Targets 824:830 Targets of the model 824:843 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 6 15 theme predefined 1128:1137 arg1 targets 1139:1145 predefined targets 1128:1145 predefined targets 1128:1145 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 5 16 theme produced 914:921 arg1 capsules 923:930 the produced capsules 910:930 the produced capsules 910:930 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 17 theme mean 854:857 arg1 Targets 824:830 Targets 824:830 Targets of the model 824:843 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 17 theme mean 854:857 arg1 weight 864:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 3 18 theme statistical 361:371 arg1 model 381:385 a statistical process model 359:385 a statistical process model 359:385 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 8 19 theme continuous 1282:1291 arg1 process 1309:1315 the continuous capsule-filling process 1278:1315 the continuous capsule-filling process 1278:1315 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 4 20 theme immersion 784:792 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 20 theme immersion 784:792 arg1 depth 794:798 immersion depth 784:798 immersion depth 784:798 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 6 21 theme different 1044:1052 arg1 points 1058:1063 different set points 1044:1063 different set points 1044:1063 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 4 22 theme magnesium 663:671 arg1 compositions 620:631 different mixture compositions 602:631 different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate 602:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 0 23 theme automated 6:14 arg1 development 24:34 Rapid automated process development 0:34 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 0:75 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 6 24 theme experimental 945:956 arg1 set 958:960 a second experimental set 936:960 a second experimental set 936:960 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 0 25 theme Rapid 0:4 arg1 development 24:34 Rapid automated process development 0:34 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 0:75 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 2 26 theme overall 323:329 arg1 process 331:337 the overall process 319:337 the overall process 319:337 In our proposed method, both the material attributes and the critical process parameters were varied to understand and to optimize the overall process. 29738798 4 27 theme filler 759:764 arg1 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 speed 767:771 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 27 theme filler 759:764 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 27 theme filler 759:764 arg1 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 pressure 774:781 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 27 theme filler 759:764 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 27 theme filler 759:764 arg1 depth 794:798 immersion depth 784:798 immersion depth 784:798 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 1 28 theme rapid 101:105 arg1 approach 137:144 a rapid automated process-development approach 99:144 a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process 99:185 This paper introduces a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 6 29 theme system 1034:1039 arg1 behavior 1018:1025 the behavior 1014:1025 the behavior of the system 1014:1039 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 0 30 theme process 16:22 arg1 development 24:34 Rapid automated process development 0:34 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 0:75 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 8 31 theme new 1331:1333 arg1 strategy 1335:1342 a new strategy 1329:1342 a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms 1329:1409 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 1 32 theme automated 107:115 arg1 approach 137:144 a rapid automated process-development approach 99:144 a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process 99:185 This paper introduces a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 4 33 theme acid 645:648 arg1 compositions 620:631 different mixture compositions 602:631 different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate 602:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 34 theme process 568:574 arg1 model 576:580 a process model 566:580 a process model 566:580 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 2 35 theme proposed 195:202 arg1 method 204:209 our proposed method 191:209 our proposed method 191:209 In our proposed method, both the material attributes and the critical process parameters were varied to understand and to optimize the overall process. 29738798 2 36 theme critical 249:256 arg1 parameters 266:275 the critical process parameters 245:275 the critical process parameters 245:275 In our proposed method, both the material attributes and the critical process parameters were varied to understand and to optimize the overall process. 29738798 8 37 theme automated 1235:1243 arg1 process 1245:1251 the rapid automated process 1225:1251 the rapid automated process development approach 1225:1272 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 8 38 dep development 1352:1362 arg1 the 1348:1350 the 1348:1350 the 1348:1350 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 4 39 theme first 541:545 arg1 set 547:549 a first set 539:549 a first set of experiments 539:564 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 39 theme first 541:545 arg1 experiments 554:564 experiments 554:564 experiments 554:564 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 40 theme lactose 651:657 arg1 compositions 620:631 different mixture compositions 602:631 different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate 602:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 3 41 theme unprecedented 409:421 arg1 speed 423:427 unprecedented speed 409:427 unprecedented speed (2 days) 409:436 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 3 41 theme unprecedented 409:421 arg1 2 days 430:435 2 days 430:435 2 days 430:435 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 3 41 theme unprecedented 409:421 arg1 prerequisite 452:463 the prerequisite 448:463 the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms 448:533 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 6 42 theme second 938:943 arg1 set 958:960 a second experimental set 936:960 a second experimental set 936:960 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 0 43 theme process 68:74 arg1 development 24:34 Rapid automated process development 0:34 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 0:75 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 8 44 theme pharmaceutical 1383:1396 arg1 forms 1405:1409 pharmaceutical dosage forms 1383:1409 pharmaceutical dosage forms 1383:1409 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 1 45 theme process-development 117:135 arg1 approach 137:144 a rapid automated process-development approach 99:144 a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process 99:185 This paper introduces a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 0 46 theme continuous 41:50 arg1 process 68:74 a continuous capsule-filling process 39:74 a continuous capsule-filling process 39:74 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 2 47 theme material 221:228 arg1 attributes 230:239 the material attributes 217:239 the material attributes 217:239 In our proposed method, both the material attributes and the critical process parameters were varied to understand and to optimize the overall process. 29738798 4 48 dep acid 645:648 arg1 stearate 673:680 stearate 673:680 stearate 673:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 3 49 theme continuous 506:515 arg1 platforms 525:533 continuous process platforms 506:533 continuous process platforms 506:533 Using our approach a statistical process model can be generated with unprecedented speed (2 days), which is the prerequisite for effectively developing and operating continuous process platforms. 29738798 4 50 theme bed 811:813 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 50 theme bed 811:813 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 8 51 theme forms 1405:1409 arg1 manufacture 1368:1378 manufacture 1368:1378 manufacture 1368:1378 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 8 51 theme forms 1405:1409 arg1 development 1352:1362 development 1352:1362 development 1352:1362 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 4 52 theme powder 804:809 arg1 height 815:820 powder bed height 804:820 powder bed height 804:820 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 52 theme powder 804:809 arg1 parameters 733:742 the critical process parameters 712:742 the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height) 712:821 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 4 53 theme capsule 751:757 arg1 filler 759:764 the capsule filler 747:764 the capsule filler 747:764 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 6 54 theme relative 1096:1103 arg1 deviation 1114:1122 relative standard deviation 1096:1122 relative standard deviation 1096:1122 In a second experimental set the model was tested, i.e., the goal was to predict the behavior of the system at different set points in order to predict weight and relative standard deviation for predefined targets. 29738798 8 55 theme dosage 1398:1403 arg1 forms 1405:1409 pharmaceutical dosage forms 1383:1409 pharmaceutical dosage forms 1383:1409 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 5 56 theme capsules 923:930 arg1 Targets 824:830 Targets 824:830 Targets of the model 824:843 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 56 theme capsules 923:930 arg1 deviation 897:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 the relative standard deviation 875:905 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 56 theme capsules 923:930 arg1 weight 864:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 8 57 theme process 1309:1315 arg1 combination 1210:1220 The combination 1206:1220 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process 1206:1315 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 4 58 theme mixture 612:618 arg1 compositions 620:631 different mixture compositions 602:631 different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate 602:680 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 8 59 theme rapid 1229:1233 arg1 process 1245:1251 the rapid automated process 1225:1251 the rapid automated process development approach 1225:1272 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 1 60 theme continuous 152:161 arg1 process 179:185 a continuous capsule-filling process 150:185 a continuous capsule-filling process 150:185 This paper introduces a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 5 61 theme fill 859:862 arg1 Targets 824:830 Targets 824:830 Targets of the model 824:843 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 5 61 theme fill 859:862 arg1 weight 864:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 the mean fill weight 850:869 Targets of the model were the mean fill weight and the relative standard deviation of the produced capsules. 29738798 4 62 theme ascorbic 636:643 arg1 acid 645:648 ascorbic acid 636:648 ascorbic acid 636:648 In a first set of experiments a process model was developed using different mixture compositions of ascorbic acid, lactose and magnesium stearate while changing simultaneously the critical process parameters of the capsule filler (speed, pressure, immersion depth and powder bed height). 29738798 0 63 theme capsule-filling 52:66 arg1 process 68:74 a continuous capsule-filling process 39:74 a continuous capsule-filling process 39:74 Rapid automated process development of a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 8 64 dep process 1245:1251 arg1 approach 1265:1272 development approach 1253:1272 the rapid automated process development approach 1225:1272 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 29738798 2 65 theme process 258:264 arg1 parameters 266:275 the critical process parameters 245:275 the critical process parameters 245:275 In our proposed method, both the material attributes and the critical process parameters were varied to understand and to optimize the overall process. 29738798 1 66 theme capsule-filling 163:177 arg1 process 179:185 a continuous capsule-filling process 150:185 a continuous capsule-filling process 150:185 This paper introduces a rapid automated process-development approach for a continuous capsule-filling process. 29738798 8 67 theme process 1245:1251 arg1 combination 1210:1220 The combination 1206:1220 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process 1206:1315 The combination of the rapid automated process development approach and the continuous capsule-filling process resulted in a new strategy for the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms. 31201916 8 0 theme immune 1206:1211 arg1 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 8 0 theme immune 1206:1211 arg1 stimulant 1213:1221 immune stimulant 1206:1221 immune stimulant 1206:1221 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 6 1 dep interleukin 888:898 arg1 IL-12 910:914 IL-12 910:914 IL-12 910:914 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 1 dep interleukin 888:898 arg1 IL-6 901:904 IL-6 901:904 IL-6 901:904 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 4 2 theme FP-1 562:565 arg1 backbone 567:574 FP-1 backbone 562:574 FP-1 backbone 562:574 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 6 3 theme immune 779:784 arg1 responses 786:794 immune responses 779:794 immune responses 779:794 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 2 4 theme molecular 349:357 arg1 weight 359:364 an average molecular weight 338:364 an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa 338:376 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 7 5 theme antigen 1042:1048 arg1 expression 1058:1067 surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression 1005:1067 surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression 1005:1067 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 4 6 theme →2 664:665 arg1 -α-D-Xylp- 667:676 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 -α-D-Xylp- 667:676 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 5 7 theme triple-helix 693:704 arg1 conformation 706:717 a triple-helix conformation 691:717 a triple-helix conformation 691:717 FP-1 has a triple-helix conformation, indicating its potential bioactivity. 31201916 5 8 theme potential 735:743 arg1 bioactivity 745:755 its potential bioactivity 731:755 its potential bioactivity 731:755 FP-1 has a triple-helix conformation, indicating its potential bioactivity. 31201916 1 9 theme size 255:258 arg1 chromatography 270:283 size exclusion chromatography 255:283 size exclusion chromatography 255:283 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 8 10 theme adjuvant 1235:1242 arg1 vaccine 1227:1233 vaccine adjuvant 1227:1242 vaccine adjuvant 1227:1242 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 8 10 theme adjuvant 1235:1242 arg1 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 7 11 theme DNA 1094:1096 arg1 replication 1098:1108 HBV DNA replication 1090:1108 HBV DNA replication 1090:1108 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 1 12 theme hot 177:179 arg1 extraction 187:196 hot water extraction 177:196 hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography 177:283 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 4 13 theme -α-D-GalpA- 606:616 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 1 14 theme water 181:185 arg1 extraction 187:196 hot water extraction 177:196 hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography 177:283 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 3 15 theme monosaccharide 383:396 arg1 composition 398:408 Its monosaccharide composition 379:408 Its monosaccharide composition 379:408 Its monosaccharide composition includes xylose (35.2%), rhamnose (23.8%), galactose (23.4%), arabinose (10.6%), fucose (4.0%), glucose (2.7%) and mannose (0.3%). 31201916 6 16 from expression 818:827 arg1 macrophages 927:937 murine macrophages 920:937 murine macrophages 920:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 2 17 theme purified 303:310 arg1 heteropolysaccharide 312:331 a highly purified heteropolysaccharide 294:331 a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa 294:376 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 2 17 theme purified 303:310 arg1 FP-1 286:289 FP-1 286:289 FP-1 286:289 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 4 18 theme Main 541:544 arg1 type 554:557 Main linkage type 541:557 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone 541:574 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 1 19 theme exclusion 260:268 arg1 chromatography 270:283 size exclusion chromatography 255:283 size exclusion chromatography 255:283 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 4 20 theme -α-L-Araf- 645:654 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 1 21 theme novel 94:98 arg1 heteropolysaccharide 100:119 A novel heteropolysaccharide 92:119 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 92:135 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 6 22 theme factor 847:852 arg1 expression 818:827 mRNA expression 813:827 mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages 813:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 23 theme interleukin 888:898 arg1 expression 818:827 mRNA expression 813:827 mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages 813:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 7 24 theme HBV 1090:1092 arg1 replication 1098:1108 HBV DNA replication 1090:1108 HBV DNA replication 1090:1108 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 1 25 theme boiling 199:205 arg1 water 207:211 boiling water 199:211 boiling water 199:211 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 4 26 theme -α-L-Rhap- 588:597 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 4 27 theme 1→ 599:600 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 6 28 theme tumor 832:836 arg1 factor 847:852 tumor necrosis factor α 832:854 tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) 832:862 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 28 theme tumor 832:836 arg1 TNF-α 857:861 TNF-α 857:861 TNF-α 857:861 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 29 theme oxide 872:876 arg1 expression 818:827 mRNA expression 813:827 mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages 813:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 7 30 theme surface 1005:1011 arg1 HBsAg 1022:1026 HBsAg 1022:1026 HBsAg 1022:1026 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 7 30 theme surface 1005:1011 arg1 antigen 1013:1019 surface antigen 1005:1019 surface antigen (HBsAg) 1005:1027 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 2 31 with heteropolysaccharide 312:331 arg1 weight 359:364 an average molecular weight 338:364 an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa 338:376 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 1 32 dep extraction 187:196 arg1 water 207:211 boiling water 199:211 boiling water 199:211 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 7 33 theme envelope 1033:1040 arg1 HBeAg 1051:1055 HBeAg 1051:1055 HBeAg 1051:1055 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 7 33 theme envelope 1033:1040 arg1 antigen 1042:1048 envelope antigen 1033:1048 envelope antigen (HBeAg) 1033:1056 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 7 34 theme antigen 1013:1019 arg1 expression 1058:1067 surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression 1005:1067 surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression 1005:1067 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 0 35 theme immune 43:48 arg1 responses 50:58 immune responses 43:58 immune responses 43:58 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide stimulates immune responses and inhibits hepatitis B virus. 31201916 4 36 theme -β-D-Xylp- 625:634 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 7 37 theme B 969:969 arg1 HBV 978:980 HBV 978:980 HBV 978:980 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 7 37 theme B 969:969 arg1 virus 971:975 hepatitis B virus 959:975 hepatitis B virus (HBV) 959:981 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 5 38 contain has 687:689 arg1 FP-1 682:685 FP-1 682:685 FP-1 682:685 FP-1 has a triple-helix conformation, indicating its potential bioactivity. 31201916 5 38 contain has 687:689 arg2 conformation 706:717 a triple-helix conformation 691:717 a triple-helix conformation 691:717 FP-1 has a triple-helix conformation, indicating its potential bioactivity. 31201916 2 39 theme average 341:347 arg1 weight 359:364 an average molecular weight 338:364 an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa 338:376 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 4 40 dep 1→ 656:657 arg1 →4 622:623 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 →4 622:623 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 4 40 dep 1→ 656:657 arg1 →3,5 640:643 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 →3,5 640:643 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 4 40 dep 1→ 656:657 arg1 1→ 678:679 1→ 678:679 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→ 585:679 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 4 40 dep 1→ 656:657 arg1 →4 603:604 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 →4 603:604 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 7 41 theme hepatitis 959:967 arg1 HBV 978:980 HBV 978:980 HBV 978:980 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 7 41 theme hepatitis 959:967 arg1 virus 971:975 hepatitis B virus 959:975 hepatitis B virus (HBV) 959:981 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 8 42 theme food 1189:1192 arg1 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 8 42 theme food 1189:1192 arg1 ingredient 1194:1203 functional food ingredient 1178:1203 functional food ingredient 1178:1203 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 4 43 theme 1→ 636:637 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 4 44 theme backbone 567:574 arg1 type 554:557 Main linkage type 541:557 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone 541:574 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 6 45 theme murine 920:925 arg1 macrophages 927:937 murine macrophages 920:937 murine macrophages 920:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 8 46 theme functional 1178:1187 arg1 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 FP-1 1139:1142 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 8 46 theme functional 1178:1187 arg1 ingredient 1194:1203 functional food ingredient 1178:1203 functional food ingredient 1178:1203 These findings suggest that FP-1 could be potentially developed as functional food ingredient, immune stimulant and vaccine adjuvant. 31201916 7 47 theme expression 1058:1067 arg1 inhibition 991:1000 inhibition 991:1000 inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression 991:1067 FP-1 also inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) through inhibition of surface antigen (HBsAg) and envelope antigen (HBeAg) expression and interfering with HBV DNA replication. 31201916 4 48 theme linkage 546:552 arg1 type 554:557 Main linkage type 541:557 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone 541:574 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 6 49 theme mRNA 813:816 arg1 expression 818:827 mRNA expression 813:827 mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages 813:937 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 4 50 theme 1→ 618:619 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 1 51 theme flaxseed 155:162 arg1 hull 164:167 flaxseed hull 155:167 flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography 155:283 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 4 52 theme →2 585:586 arg1 1→ 656:657 →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp- 585:676 1→ 656:657 Main linkage type of FP-1 backbone includes →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2)-α-D-Xylp-(1→. 31201916 0 53 theme B 83:83 arg1 virus 85:89 hepatitis B virus 73:89 hepatitis B virus 73:89 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide stimulates immune responses and inhibits hepatitis B virus. 31201916 6 54 theme nitric 865:870 arg1 NO 879:880 NO 879:880 NO 879:880 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 54 theme nitric 865:870 arg1 oxide 872:876 nitric oxide 865:876 nitric oxide (NO) 865:881 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 55 theme necrosis 838:845 arg1 factor 847:852 tumor necrosis factor α 832:854 tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) 832:862 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 6 55 theme necrosis 838:845 arg1 TNF-α 857:861 TNF-α 857:861 TNF-α 857:861 FP-1 could stimulate immune responses through inducing mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL-6 and IL-12) in murine macrophages. 31201916 2 56 theme 2626 kDa 369:376 arg1 weight 359:364 an average molecular weight 338:364 an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa 338:376 FP-1 is a highly purified heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 2626 kDa. 31201916 0 57 theme hepatitis 73:81 arg1 virus 85:89 hepatitis B virus 73:89 hepatitis B virus 73:89 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide stimulates immune responses and inhibits hepatitis B virus. 31201916 1 58 dep water 207:211 arg1 2 h 214:216 2 h 214:216 2 h 214:216 A novel heteropolysaccharide defined as FP-1 was enriched from flaxseed hull through hot water extraction (boiling water, 2 h, twice) followed by ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. 31201916 0 59 theme flaxseed 2:9 arg1 heteropolysaccharide 11:30 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide 0:30 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide 0:30 A flaxseed heteropolysaccharide stimulates immune responses and inhibits hepatitis B virus. 31141337 9 0 theme hole 1594:1597 arg1 array 1599:1603 a hole array 1592:1603 a hole array 1592:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 9 1 with coverslips 1576:1585 arg1 array 1599:1603 a hole array 1592:1603 a hole array 1592:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 10 2 theme rats 1746:1749 arg1 model 1737:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model 1709:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model of rats 1709:1749 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 4 3 theme lyophilized 643:653 arg1 microparticles 665:678 lyophilized composite microparticles 643:678 lyophilized composite microparticles 643:678 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 5 4 theme microparticle 740:752 arg1 states 754:759 microparticle states 740:759 microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) 740:785 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 4 5 with interactions 605:616 arg1 molecules 632:640 alginate molecules 623:640 alginate molecules 623:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 12 6 theme wound 2140:2144 arg1 healing 2146:2152 wound healing 2140:2152 wound healing 2140:2152 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 7 7 theme fibroblast 1118:1127 arg1 factor 1136:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor 1112:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) 1112:1148 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 7 theme fibroblast 1118:1127 arg1 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 0 8 theme Sustainable 0:10 arg1 Release 17:23 Sustainable Dual Release 0:23 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 0:142 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 4 9 with CaCO3 584:588 arg1 molecules 632:640 alginate molecules 623:640 alginate molecules 623:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 1 10 theme local 213:217 arg1 release 219:225 local release 213:225 local release 213:225 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 6 11 theme wound 999:1003 arg1 microenvironment 1005:1020 wound microenvironment 999:1020 wound microenvironment 999:1020 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 3 12 with microparticles 399:412 arg1 compositions 437:448 tunable compositions 429:448 tunable compositions 429:448 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 7 13 dep slower 1251:1256 arg1 sustained 1264:1272 sustained 1264:1272 sustained 1264:1272 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 0 14 theme Wound 129:133 arg1 Healing 135:141 Wound Healing 129:141 Wound Healing 129:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 2 15 theme hydrogel 316:323 arg1 sheets 325:330 hydrogel sheets 316:330 hydrogel sheets 316:330 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 5 16 theme pH 791:792 arg1 values 794:799 pH values 791:799 pH values (6.4 or 7.4) 791:812 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 2 17 theme drug 258:261 arg1 loading 263:269 Single drug loading 251:269 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets 251:330 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 1 18 theme molecules 240:248 arg1 microenvironment 192:207 a moist microenvironment 184:207 a moist microenvironment 184:207 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 1 18 theme molecules 240:248 arg1 release 219:225 local release 213:225 local release 213:225 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 9 19 theme cell 1666:1669 arg1 proliferation 1671:1683 cell proliferation 1666:1683 cell proliferation 1666:1683 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 7 20 theme weight 1351:1356 arg1 1/1 1364:1366 weight ratio 1/1 1351:1366 weight ratio 1/1 1351:1366 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 9 21 dep in 1509:1510 arg1 vitro 1512:1516 vitro 1512:1516 vitro 1512:1516 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 9 22 from model 1532:1536 arg1 coverslips 1576:1585 glass coverslips 1570:1585 glass coverslips with a hole array 1570:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 5 23 dep values 794:799 arg1 6.4 802:804 6.4 802:804 6.4 802:804 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 5 23 dep values 794:799 arg1 7.4 809:811 7.4 809:811 7.4 809:811 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 10 24 theme wound 1800:1804 arg1 healing 1806:1812 wound healing 1800:1812 wound healing 1800:1812 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 7 25 theme AD-40-F 1340:1346 arg1 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 25 theme AD-40-F 1340:1346 arg1 mixture 1318:1324 a mixture 1316:1324 a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F 1316:1346 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 2 26 theme fast 282:285 arg1 rates 295:299 fast release rates 282:299 fast release rates 282:299 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 1 27 theme Hydrogel-based 144:157 arg1 dressings 165:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings 144:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings 144:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 7 28 theme AD-5-R 1329:1334 arg1 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 28 theme AD-5-R 1329:1334 arg1 mixture 1318:1324 a mixture 1316:1324 a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F 1316:1346 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 9 29 dep model 1532:1536 arg1 basis 1500:1504 basis 1500:1504 basis 1500:1504 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 9 29 dep model 1532:1536 arg1 the 1496:1498 the 1496:1498 the 1496:1498 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 0 30 theme Uniform 76:82 arg1 Microparticles 103:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles 62:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing 62:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 5 31 theme alginate 935:942 arg1 microparticles 944:957 pure alginate microparticles 930:957 pure alginate microparticles 930:957 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 3 32 theme composite 389:397 arg1 μm 420:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 3 32 theme composite 389:397 arg1 microparticles 399:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles 366:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 366:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 8 33 theme sustained 1459:1467 arg1 property 1483:1490 a sustained antibacterial property 1457:1490 a sustained antibacterial property 1457:1490 For AD-5-R and CD-F-R, inhibition zones of S. aureus were observed until day 5, showing a sustained antibacterial property. 31141337 0 34 theme Composite 93:101 arg1 Microparticles 103:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles 62:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing 62:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 5 35 dep states 754:759 arg1 hydrogel 762:769 hydrogel 762:769 hydrogel 762:769 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 5 35 dep states 754:759 arg1 lyophilized 774:784 lyophilized 774:784 lyophilized 774:784 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 2 36 from loading 263:269 arg1 sheets 325:330 hydrogel sheets 316:330 hydrogel sheets 316:330 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 6 37 theme microparticles 1082:1095 arg1 type 1074:1077 the same type 1065:1077 the same type of microparticles 1065:1095 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 0 38 theme pH-Responsive 62:74 arg1 Microparticles 103:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles 62:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing 62:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 3 39 theme sustainable 454:464 arg1 release 466:472 sustainable release 454:472 sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 454:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 5 40 theme drug 847:850 arg1 rates 832:836 in vitro release rates 815:836 in vitro release rates of model drug 815:850 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 9 41 theme healing 1524:1530 arg1 model 1532:1536 in vitro wound healing model 1509:1536 in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1509:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 9 42 from micropattern 1554:1565 arg1 coverslips 1576:1585 glass coverslips 1570:1585 glass coverslips with a hole array 1570:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 7 43 from 1/1 1364:1366 arg1 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 CD-F-R 1305:1310 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 43 from 1/1 1364:1366 arg1 mixture 1318:1324 a mixture 1316:1324 a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F 1316:1346 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 12 44 theme CD-F-R 2046:2051 arg1 microparticles 2063:2076 CD-F-R composite microparticles 2046:2076 CD-F-R composite microparticles 2046:2076 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 4 45 theme interactions 605:616 arg1 presence 572:579 the presence 568:579 the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules 568:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 5 46 with related 867:873 arg1 concentrations 886:899 CaCO3 concentrations 880:899 CaCO3 concentrations 880:899 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 10 47 theme higher 1819:1824 arg1 thickness 1845:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 0 48 theme Antibiotic 28:37 arg1 Release 17:23 Sustainable Dual Release 0:23 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 0:142 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 5 49 theme release 824:830 arg1 rates 832:836 in vitro release rates 815:836 in vitro release rates of model drug 815:850 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 9 50 theme cell 1549:1552 arg1 micropattern 1554:1565 NIH-3T3 cell micropattern 1541:1565 NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1541:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 3 51 theme microfluidic 536:547 arg1 technology 549:558 microfluidic technology 536:558 microfluidic technology 536:558 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 0 52 theme Growth 43:48 arg1 Factor 50:55 Growth Factor 43:55 Growth Factor 43:55 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 7 53 theme bFGF 1285:1288 arg1 release 1274:1280 a slower, more sustained release 1249:1280 a slower, more sustained release of bFGF 1249:1288 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 53 theme bFGF 1285:1288 arg1 release 1224:1230 a fast release 1217:1230 a fast release of rifamycin 1217:1243 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 4 54 theme CaCO3 584:588 arg1 presence 572:579 the presence 568:579 the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules 568:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 8 55 theme inhibition 1392:1401 arg1 zones 1403:1407 inhibition zones 1392:1407 inhibition zones of S. aureus 1392:1420 For AD-5-R and CD-F-R, inhibition zones of S. aureus were observed until day 5, showing a sustained antibacterial property. 31141337 4 56 theme composite 655:663 arg1 microparticles 665:678 lyophilized composite microparticles 643:678 lyophilized composite microparticles 643:678 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 10 57 theme tissue 1838:1843 arg1 thickness 1845:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 6 58 theme release 964:970 arg1 rate 972:975 The release rate 960:975 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) 960:1021 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 6 58 theme release 964:970 arg1 slower 1034:1039 slower 1034:1039 slower 1034:1039 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 7 59 theme slower 1251:1256 arg1 release 1274:1280 a slower, more sustained release 1249:1280 a slower, more sustained release of bFGF 1249:1288 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 4 60 theme alginate 623:630 arg1 molecules 632:640 alginate molecules 623:640 alginate molecules 623:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 7 61 theme growth 1129:1134 arg1 factor 1136:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor 1112:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) 1112:1148 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 61 theme growth 1129:1134 arg1 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 10 62 theme control 1913:1919 arg1 group 1921:1925 the control group 1909:1925 the control group 1909:1925 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 7 63 theme basic 1112:1116 arg1 factor 1136:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor 1112:1141 basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) 1112:1148 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 63 theme basic 1112:1116 arg1 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 bFGF 1144:1147 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 1 64 theme moist 186:190 arg1 microenvironment 192:207 a moist microenvironment 184:207 a moist microenvironment 184:207 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 5 65 theme in 815:816 arg1 rates 832:836 in vitro release rates 815:836 in vitro release rates of model drug 815:850 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 10 66 theme skin 1726:1729 arg1 model 1737:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model 1709:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model of rats 1709:1749 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 10 67 theme wound 1731:1735 arg1 model 1737:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model 1709:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model of rats 1709:1749 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 5 68 dep in 815:816 arg1 vitro 818:822 vitro 818:822 vitro 818:822 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 8 69 theme aureus 1415:1420 arg1 zones 1403:1407 inhibition zones 1392:1407 inhibition zones of S. aureus 1392:1420 For AD-5-R and CD-F-R, inhibition zones of S. aureus were observed until day 5, showing a sustained antibacterial property. 31141337 4 70 theme hydrogel 692:699 arg1 state 701:705 hydrogel state 692:705 hydrogel state 692:705 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 10 71 theme CD-F-R 1752:1757 arg1 microparticles 1759:1772 CD-F-R microparticles 1752:1772 CD-F-R microparticles 1752:1772 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 5 72 theme CaCO3 880:884 arg1 concentrations 886:899 CaCO3 concentrations 880:899 CaCO3 concentrations 880:899 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 12 73 theme different 2116:2124 arg1 stages 2126:2131 different stages 2116:2131 different stages during wound healing 2116:2152 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 2 74 theme Single 251:256 arg1 loading 263:269 Single drug loading 251:269 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets 251:330 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 9 75 theme proliferation 1671:1683 arg1 rates 1699:1703 cell proliferation and migration rates 1666:1703 cell proliferation and migration rates 1666:1703 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 7 76 theme ratio 1358:1362 arg1 1/1 1364:1366 weight ratio 1/1 1351:1366 weight ratio 1/1 1351:1366 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 2 77 theme release 287:293 arg1 rates 295:299 fast release rates 282:299 fast release rates 282:299 Single drug loading along with fast release rates and usually in hydrogel sheets limited their performance. 31141337 9 78 theme migration 1689:1697 arg1 rates 1699:1703 cell proliferation and migration rates 1666:1703 cell proliferation and migration rates 1666:1703 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 0 79 from Microparticles 103:116 arg1 Release 17:23 Sustainable Dual Release 0:23 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 0:142 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 7 80 theme rifamycin 1235:1243 arg1 release 1274:1280 a slower, more sustained release 1249:1280 a slower, more sustained release of bFGF 1249:1288 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 7 80 theme rifamycin 1235:1243 arg1 release 1224:1230 a fast release 1217:1230 a fast release of rifamycin 1217:1243 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 1 81 theme wound 159:163 arg1 dressings 165:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings 144:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings 144:173 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 7 82 theme fast 1219:1222 arg1 release 1224:1230 a fast release 1217:1230 a fast release of rifamycin 1217:1243 Rifamycin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were independently encapsulated into AD-5-R and AD-40-F to achieve a fast release of rifamycin and a slower, more sustained release of bFGF, respectively; CD-F-R was a mixture of AD-5-R and AD-40-F at weight ratio 1/1. 31141337 0 83 theme Alginate 84:91 arg1 Microparticles 103:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles 62:116 pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing 62:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 5 84 theme pure 930:933 arg1 microparticles 944:957 pure alginate microparticles 930:957 pure alginate microparticles 930:957 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 31141337 8 85 theme antibacterial 1469:1481 arg1 property 1483:1490 a sustained antibacterial property 1457:1490 a sustained antibacterial property 1457:1490 For AD-5-R and CD-F-R, inhibition zones of S. aureus were observed until day 5, showing a sustained antibacterial property. 31141337 12 86 theme composite 2053:2061 arg1 microparticles 2063:2076 CD-F-R composite microparticles 2046:2076 CD-F-R composite microparticles 2046:2076 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 10 87 theme full-thickness 1711:1724 arg1 model 1737:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model 1709:1741 a full-thickness skin wound model of rats 1709:1749 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 0 88 dep Microparticles 103:116 arg1 Enhance 121:127 Enhance 121:127 to Enhance Wound Healing 118:141 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 3 89 theme alginate/CaCO3 374:387 arg1 μm 420:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 3 89 theme alginate/CaCO3 374:387 arg1 microparticles 399:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles 366:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 366:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 3 90 theme uniform 366:372 arg1 μm 420:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 ∼430 μm 415:421 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 3 90 theme uniform 366:372 arg1 microparticles 399:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles 366:412 uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 366:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 0 91 theme Dual 12:15 arg1 Release 17:23 Sustainable Dual Release 0:23 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 0:142 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 9 92 theme wound 1518:1522 arg1 healing 1524:1530 wound healing 1518:1530 in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1509:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 9 93 from coverslips 1576:1585 arg1 model 1532:1536 in vitro wound healing model 1509:1536 in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1509:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 4 94 theme strong 598:603 arg1 interactions 605:616 the strong interactions 594:616 the strong interactions with alginate molecules 594:640 Due to the presence of CaCO3 and the strong interactions with alginate molecules, lyophilized composite microparticles reverted to hydrogel state after rehydration. 31141337 12 95 theme dressing 2202:2209 arg1 materials 2211:2219 dressing materials 2202:2219 dressing materials 2202:2219 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 6 96 theme same 1069:1072 arg1 type 1074:1077 the same type 1065:1077 the same type of microparticles 1065:1095 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 9 97 theme in 1509:1510 arg1 model 1532:1536 in vitro wound healing model 1509:1536 in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1509:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 10 98 theme granulation 1826:1836 arg1 thickness 1845:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 higher granulation tissue thickness 1819:1853 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 1 99 theme bioactive 230:238 arg1 molecules 240:248 bioactive molecules 230:248 bioactive molecules 230:248 Hydrogel-based wound dressings provided a moist microenvironment and local release of bioactive molecules. 31141337 9 100 theme NIH-3T3 1541:1547 arg1 micropattern 1554:1565 NIH-3T3 cell micropattern 1541:1565 NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1541:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 3 101 theme pH-sensitivity 486:499 arg1 release 466:472 sustainable release 454:472 sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 454:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 0 102 theme Factor 50:55 arg1 Release 17:23 Sustainable Dual Release 0:23 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 0:142 Sustainable Dual Release of Antibiotic and Growth Factor from pH-Responsive Uniform Alginate Composite Microparticles to Enhance Wound Healing. 31141337 9 103 theme micropattern 1554:1565 arg1 model 1532:1536 in vitro wound healing model 1509:1536 in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array 1509:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 3 104 theme tunable 429:435 arg1 compositions 437:448 tunable compositions 429:448 tunable compositions 429:448 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 10 105 theme better 1859:1864 arg1 bioactivity 1866:1876 better bioactivity 1859:1876 better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group 1859:1925 In a full-thickness skin wound model of rats, CD-F-R microparticles significantly accelerated wound healing with higher granulation tissue thickness and better bioactivity to stimulate angiogenesis than the control group. 31141337 9 106 theme glass 1570:1574 arg1 coverslips 1576:1585 glass coverslips 1570:1585 glass coverslips with a hole array 1570:1603 On the basis of in vitro wound healing model of NIH-3T3 cell micropattern on glass coverslips with a hole array, it was found that AD-40-F and CD-F-R significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration rates. 31141337 11 107 theme CD-F-R 1941:1946 arg1 microparticles 1948:1961 CD-F-R microparticles 1941:1961 CD-F-R microparticles 1941:1961 Furthermore, CD-F-R microparticles demonstrated a good biocompatibility and biodegradability in vivo. 31141337 6 108 from pH 980:981 arg1 rate 972:975 The release rate 960:975 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) 960:1021 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 6 108 from pH 980:981 arg1 slower 1034:1039 slower 1034:1039 slower 1034:1039 The release rate at pH 6.4 (simulating wound microenvironment) was always slower than that at pH 7.4 for the same type of microparticles. 31141337 11 109 theme good 1978:1981 arg1 biocompatibility 1983:1998 a good biocompatibility 1976:1998 a good biocompatibility 1976:1998 Furthermore, CD-F-R microparticles demonstrated a good biocompatibility and biodegradability in vivo. 31141337 3 110 theme drug 477:480 arg1 release 466:472 sustainable release 454:472 sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity 454:499 Hence, uniform alginate/CaCO3 composite microparticles (∼430 μm) with tunable compositions for sustainable release of drug and pH-sensitivity were successfully fabricated using microfluidic technology. 31141337 12 111 theme good 2173:2176 arg1 potential 2178:2186 a good potential to be used as dressing materials 2171:2219 a good potential to be used as dressing materials 2171:2219 Taken together, CD-F-R composite microparticles may ideally meet the requirements for different stages during wound healing and demonstrated a good potential to be used as dressing materials. 31141337 5 112 theme model 841:845 arg1 drug 847:850 model drug 841:850 model drug 841:850 Regardless of microparticle states (hydrogel or lyophilized) and pH values (6.4 or 7.4), in vitro release rates of model drug were inversely related with CaCO3 concentrations and much lower than that for pure alginate microparticles. 30121303 4 0 theme positron 683:690 arg1 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 1 1 theme % 155:155 arg1 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 4 2 theme internal 838:845 arg1 molecules 862:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 1 3 theme polyacrylic 157:167 arg1 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 4 theme elevated 253:260 arg1 temperature 262:272 elevated temperature 253:272 elevated temperature 253:272 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 6 5 theme adsorption 1036:1045 arg1 capacity 1047:1054 The adsorption capacity 1032:1054 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion 1032:1072 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 4 6 theme chain 856:860 arg1 molecules 862:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 3 7 theme chitosan 578:585 arg1 powder 587:592 the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion 565:624 the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion 565:624 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 4 8 theme Cr 754:755 arg1 ion 761:763 Cr(VI) ion 754:763 Cr(VI) ion 754:763 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 4 9 theme X-ray 649:653 arg1 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 5 10 theme CS/PAAS 920:926 arg1 mats 938:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 4 11 theme chitosan 847:854 arg1 molecules 862:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 the internal chitosan chain molecules 834:870 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 6 12 theme composite 1174:1182 arg1 nanofibers 1184:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 3 13 theme nanofiber 511:519 arg1 mats 521:524 The prepared nanofiber mats 498:524 The prepared nanofiber mats 498:524 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 3 13 theme nanofiber 511:519 arg1 better 553:558 better 553:558 better 553:558 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 4 14 theme spectroscopic 714:726 arg1 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 4 15 theme PALS 729:732 arg1 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 6 16 theme Cr 1063:1064 arg1 ion 1070:1072 Cr(VI) ion 1063:1072 Cr(VI) ion 1063:1072 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 6 17 theme ligands 1137:1143 arg1 modification 1107:1118 modification 1107:1118 modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1107:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 1 18 theme acid 169:172 arg1 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 5 19 theme adsorption 877:886 arg1 dependent 947:955 dependent 947:955 dependent 947:955 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 5 19 theme adsorption 877:886 arg1 abilities 888:896 The adsorption abilities 873:896 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 873:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 5 20 theme chitosan 964:971 arg1 contents 973:980 the chitosan contents 960:980 the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain 960:1029 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 1 21 theme sodium 174:179 arg1 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 22 contain containing 138:147 arg1 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 22 contain containing 138:147 arg1 mats 123:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats 86:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 86:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 22 contain containing 138:147 arg2 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 6 23 dep ion 1070:1072 arg1 VI 1066:1067 VI 1066:1067 VI 1066:1067 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 0 24 link cross-linked 38:49 arg1 mats 80:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 1 25 theme Uniform 86:92 arg1 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 25 theme Uniform 86:92 arg1 mats 123:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats 86:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 86:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 4 26 dep ion 761:763 arg1 VI 757:758 VI 757:758 VI 757:758 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 6 27 theme CS/PAAS 1166:1172 arg1 nanofibers 1184:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 1 28 theme chitosan 94:101 arg1 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 28 theme chitosan 94:101 arg1 mats 123:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats 86:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 86:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 2 29 theme electron 392:399 arg1 SEM 413:415 SEM 413:415 SEM 413:415 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 2 29 theme electron 392:399 arg1 Fourier 419:425 Fourier 419:425 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis 419:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 2 29 theme electron 392:399 arg1 microscopy 401:410 scanning electron microscopy 383:410 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 383:416 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 0 30 theme metal 17:21 arg1 chromium 23:30 heavy metal chromium 11:30 heavy metal chromium 11:30 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 1 31 theme solvent 285:291 arg1 resistance 293:302 solvent resistance 285:302 solvent resistance 285:302 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 32 from temperature 262:272 arg1 annealing 240:248 annealing 240:248 annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength 240:326 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 5 33 theme cross-linked 907:918 arg1 mats 938:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 1 34 theme composite 103:111 arg1 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 34 theme composite 103:111 arg1 mats 123:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats 86:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 86:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 0 35 theme heavy 11:15 arg1 chromium 23:30 heavy metal chromium 11:30 heavy metal chromium 11:30 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 5 36 theme nanofiber 928:936 arg1 mats 938:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 1 37 theme nanofiber 113:121 arg1 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 CS/PAAS 129:135 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 1 37 theme nanofiber 113:121 arg1 mats 123:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats 86:126 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 86:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 2 38 theme strength 479:486 arg1 analysis 488:495 tensile strength analysis 471:495 tensile strength analysis 471:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 4 39 theme annihilation 692:703 arg1 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 4 40 theme SEM-Energy 627:636 arg1 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 5 41 theme N-atom 993:998 arg1 basicity 1000:1007 N-atom basicity 993:1007 the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain 960:1029 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 4 42 theme spectroscopic 655:667 arg1 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 3 43 theme pristine 569:576 arg1 powder 587:592 the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion 565:624 the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion 565:624 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 0 44 theme chromium 23:30 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 0:84 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 1 45 theme mechanical 308:317 arg1 strength 319:326 mechanical strength 308:326 mechanical strength 308:326 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 2 46 theme tensile 471:477 arg1 strength 479:486 tensile strength 471:486 tensile strength analysis 471:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 0 47 theme chitosan 51:58 arg1 mats 80:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 6 48 link cross-linked 1153:1164 arg1 nanofibers 1184:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 2 49 dep transform 427:435 arg1 infrared 437:444 infrared 437:444 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis 427:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 4 50 theme lifetime 705:712 arg1 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 analysis 735:742 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 0 51 theme cross-linked 38:49 arg1 mats 80:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 5 52 link cross-linked 907:918 arg1 mats 938:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 901:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 5 53 theme chitosan 1016:1023 arg1 chain 1025:1029 the chitosan chain 1012:1029 the chitosan chain 1012:1029 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 2 54 dep Fourier 419:425 arg1 transform 427:435 transform 427:435 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis 427:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 3 55 theme prepared 502:509 arg1 mats 521:524 The prepared nanofiber mats 498:524 The prepared nanofiber mats 498:524 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 3 55 theme prepared 502:509 arg1 better 553:558 better 553:558 better 553:558 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 6 56 theme cross-linked 1153:1164 arg1 nanofibers 1184:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1149:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 5 57 theme chain 1025:1029 arg1 basicity 1000:1007 N-atom basicity 993:1007 the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain 960:1029 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 5 57 theme chain 1025:1029 arg1 contents 973:980 the chitosan contents 960:980 the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain 960:1029 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 2 58 theme nanofiber 341:349 arg1 mats 351:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 329:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 329:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 5 59 theme mats 938:941 arg1 dependent 947:955 dependent 947:955 dependent 947:955 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 5 59 theme mats 938:941 arg1 abilities 888:896 The adsorption abilities 873:896 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 873:941 The adsorption abilities of these cross-linked CS/PAAS nanofiber mats are dependent on the chitosan contents as well as N-atom basicity of the chitosan chain. 30121303 6 60 theme chelating 1127:1135 arg1 ligands 1137:1143 the chelating ligands 1123:1143 the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers 1123:1193 The adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) ion was improved to 78.92 mg/g after modification of the chelating ligands for the cross-linked CS/PAAS composite nanofibers. 30121303 1 61 dep electrospinning 211:225 arg1 followed 228:235 followed 228:235 followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength 228:326 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30121303 2 62 theme CS/PAAS 333:339 arg1 mats 351:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 329:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats 329:354 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 3 63 dep ion 622:624 arg1 VI 618:619 VI 618:619 VI 618:619 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 0 64 theme nanofiber 70:78 arg1 mats 80:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 4 65 theme composite 794:802 arg1 nanofiber 804:812 the composite nanofiber 790:812 the composite nanofiber 790:812 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 2 66 theme scanning 383:390 arg1 SEM 413:415 SEM 413:415 SEM 413:415 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 2 66 theme scanning 383:390 arg1 Fourier 419:425 Fourier 419:425 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis 419:495 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 2 66 theme scanning 383:390 arg1 microscopy 401:410 scanning electron microscopy 383:410 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 383:416 The CS/PAAS nanofiber mats have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and tensile strength analysis. 30121303 4 67 theme dispersive 638:647 arg1 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis 627:742 SEM-EDS 670:676 SEM-Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDS) and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) analysis show that Cr(VI) ion can freely permeate into the composite nanofiber and coordinate with the internal chitosan chain molecules. 30121303 0 68 theme composite 60:68 arg1 mats 80:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats 38:83 Removal of heavy metal chromium using cross-linked chitosan composite nanofiber mats. 30121303 3 69 theme chromium 608:615 arg1 ion 622:624 the chromium (VI) ion 604:624 the chromium (VI) ion 604:624 The prepared nanofiber mats have been shown to be much better than the pristine chitosan powder to adsorb the chromium (VI) ion. 30121303 1 70 theme 4.0 wt 149:154 arg1 loading 181:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading 149:187 Uniform chitosan composite nanofiber mats (CS/PAAS) containing 4.0 wt% polyacrylic acid sodium loading have been prepared by electrospinning, followed by annealing at elevated temperature to improve solvent resistance and mechanical strength. 30165146 0 0 theme fish 81:84 arg1 oil 86:88 fish oil 81:88 fish oil 81:88 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 5 1 with level 931:935 arg1 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 1 with level 931:935 arg1 0.56 mg 988:994 0.56 mg 988:994 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder 988:1024 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 1 with level 931:935 arg1 temperature 957:967 moderate temperature applied 948:975 moderate temperature applied (154 °C) 948:984 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 1 2 theme physicochemical 127:141 arg1 characteristics 143:157 physicochemical characteristics 127:157 physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures 127:218 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 7 3 theme oil 1347:1349 arg1 encapsulation 1351:1363 fish oil encapsulation 1342:1363 fish oil encapsulation 1342:1363 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 3 4 theme significant 497:507 arg1 role 509:512 a significant role 495:512 a significant role 495:512 Temperature played a significant role in increasing particle size as well, but the coefficient for this parameter was lower (0.179). 30165146 5 5 theme high 926:929 arg1 level 931:935 relatively high level 915:935 relatively high level 915:935 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 6 theme moderate 948:955 arg1 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 6 theme moderate 948:955 arg1 temperature 957:967 moderate temperature applied 948:975 moderate temperature applied (154 °C) 948:984 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 6 7 theme % 1086:1086 arg1 share 1088:1092 50% share 1084:1092 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1084:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 7 8 theme spray 1275:1279 arg1 temperature 1288:1298 spray drying temperature 1275:1298 spray drying temperature 1275:1298 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 1 9 theme BG 254:255 arg1 ratio 245:249 the optimal ratio 233:249 the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature 233:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 7 10 theme drying 1281:1286 arg1 temperature 1288:1298 spray drying temperature 1275:1298 spray drying temperature 1275:1298 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 6 11 theme 50 1084:1085 arg1 % 1086:1086 % 1086:1086 % 1086:1086 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 2 12 theme β-d-glucan 337:346 arg1 content 348:354 β-d-glucan content 337:354 β-d-glucan content 337:354 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 6 13 located present 1057:1063 arg2 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 13 located present 1057:1063 arg2 amount 1039:1044 The highest amount 1027:1044 The highest amount of EPA 1027:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 13 located present 1057:1063 arg2 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 13 located present 1057:1063 arg1 sample 1072:1077 the sample 1068:1077 the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1068:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 7 14 theme fish 1342:1345 arg1 oil 1347:1349 fish oil 1342:1349 fish oil encapsulation 1342:1363 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 5 15 theme powder 1019:1024 arg1 malonaldehyde/kg 999:1014 malonaldehyde/kg 999:1014 malonaldehyde/kg of powder 999:1024 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 3 16 dep lower 594:598 arg1 0.179 601:605 0.179 601:605 0.179 601:605 Temperature played a significant role in increasing particle size as well, but the coefficient for this parameter was lower (0.179). 30165146 2 17 theme significant 365:375 arg1 role 377:380 a significant role 363:380 a significant role 363:380 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 7 18 theme experiment 1187:1196 arg1 runs 1175:1178 all runs 1171:1178 all runs of the experiment 1171:1196 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 3 19 theme particle 528:535 arg1 size 537:540 particle size 528:540 particle size 528:540 Temperature played a significant role in increasing particle size as well, but the coefficient for this parameter was lower (0.179). 30165146 1 20 theme fish 162:165 arg1 microcapsules 171:183 fish oil microcapsules 162:183 fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures 162:218 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 7 21 theme runs 1175:1178 arg1 examination 1156:1166 examination 1156:1166 examination of all runs of the experiment 1156:1196 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 5 22 from β-d-glucan 876:885 arg1 material 899:906 the wall material 890:906 the wall material 890:906 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 4 23 theme glass 706:710 arg1 temperature 723:733 glass transition temperature 706:733 glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material 706:804 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 4 24 from differences 622:632 arg1 size 646:649 particle size 637:649 particle size of microcapsules 637:666 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 1 25 theme oil 167:169 arg1 microcapsules 171:183 fish oil microcapsules 162:183 fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures 162:218 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 0 26 theme Barley 0:5 arg1 β-d-glucan 7:16 Barley β-d-glucan 0:16 Barley β-d-glucan 0:16 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 1 27 theme CS 258:259 arg1 ratio 245:249 the optimal ratio 233:249 the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature 233:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 2 28 dep drying 436:441 arg1 p ≤ 0.001 451:459 p ≤ 0.001 451:459 p ≤ 0.001 451:459 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 2 28 dep drying 436:441 arg1 p ≤ 0.05 465:472 p ≤ 0.05 465:472 p ≤ 0.05 465:472 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 7 29 theme temperature 1288:1298 arg1 appropriate 1326:1336 appropriate 1326:1336 appropriate 1326:1336 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 7 29 theme temperature 1288:1298 arg1 values 1300:1305 the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values 1241:1305 the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation 1241:1363 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 6 30 from present 1057:1063 arg1 sample 1072:1077 the sample 1068:1077 the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1068:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 1 31 theme microcapsules 171:183 arg1 characteristics 143:157 physicochemical characteristics 127:157 physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures 127:218 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 0 32 theme modified 20:27 arg1 complex 36:42 modified starch complex 20:42 modified starch complex 20:42 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 6 33 with sample 1072:1077 arg1 share 1088:1092 50% share 1084:1092 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1084:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 7 34 theme wall 1245:1248 arg1 composition 1259:1269 wall material composition 1245:1269 wall material composition 1245:1269 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 5 35 theme wall 894:897 arg1 material 899:906 the wall material 890:906 the wall material 890:906 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 6 36 theme highest 1031:1037 arg1 amount 1039:1044 The highest amount 1027:1044 The highest amount of EPA 1027:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 36 theme highest 1031:1037 arg1 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 36 theme highest 1031:1037 arg1 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 1 37 theme spray 265:269 arg1 temperature 278:288 spray drying temperature 265:288 spray drying temperature 265:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 4 38 theme transition 712:721 arg1 temperature 723:733 glass transition temperature 706:733 glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material 706:804 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 2 39 theme encapsulation 401:413 arg1 efficiency 415:424 the encapsulation efficiency 397:424 the encapsulation efficiency 397:424 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 1 40 theme drying 271:276 arg1 temperature 278:288 spray drying temperature 265:288 spray drying temperature 265:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 4 41 theme observed 613:620 arg1 differences 622:632 The observed differences 609:632 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules 609:666 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 7 42 theme material 1250:1257 arg1 composition 1259:1269 wall material composition 1245:1269 wall material composition 1245:1269 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 4 43 theme particle 637:644 arg1 size 646:649 particle size 637:649 particle size of microcapsules 637:666 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 1 44 theme different 197:205 arg1 temperatures 207:218 different temperatures 197:218 different temperatures 197:218 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 0 45 theme starch 29:34 arg1 complex 36:42 modified starch complex 20:42 modified starch complex 20:42 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 1 46 theme temperature 278:288 arg1 ratio 245:249 the optimal ratio 233:249 the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature 233:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 5 47 dep level 931:935 arg1 % 940:940 85% 938:940 85% 938:940 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 2 48 theme spray 430:434 arg1 drying 436:441 spray drying 430:441 spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05) 430:473 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 0 49 theme potential 47:55 arg1 agent 71:75 potential encapsulation agent 47:75 potential encapsulation agent for fish oil 47:88 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 5 50 theme lowest 833:838 arg1 content 846:852 the lowest TBARS content 829:852 the lowest TBARS content 829:852 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 51 theme malonaldehyde/kg 999:1014 arg1 0.56 mg 988:994 0.56 mg 988:994 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder 988:1024 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 4 52 theme wall 792:795 arg1 material 797:804 wall material 792:804 wall material 792:804 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 6 53 from sample 1072:1077 arg1 amount 1039:1044 The highest amount 1027:1044 The highest amount of EPA 1027:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 53 from sample 1072:1077 arg1 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 53 from sample 1072:1077 arg1 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 54 theme EPA 1049:1051 arg1 amount 1039:1044 The highest amount 1027:1044 The highest amount of EPA 1027:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 54 theme EPA 1049:1051 arg1 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 54 theme EPA 1049:1051 arg1 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 5 55 theme applied 969:975 arg1 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 154 °C 978:983 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 5 55 theme applied 969:975 arg1 temperature 957:967 moderate temperature applied 948:975 moderate temperature applied (154 °C) 948:984 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 6 56 theme spray 1112:1116 arg1 share 1088:1092 50% share 1084:1092 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1084:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 2 57 theme spray 320:324 arg1 drying 326:331 spray drying 320:331 spray drying 320:331 Only the interaction between spray drying and β-d-glucan content played a significant role in influencing the encapsulation efficiency and spray drying itself (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.05). 30165146 4 58 from differences 691:701 arg1 temperature 723:733 glass transition temperature 706:733 glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material 706:804 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 7 59 theme composition 1259:1269 arg1 appropriate 1326:1336 appropriate 1326:1336 appropriate 1326:1336 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 7 59 theme composition 1259:1269 arg1 values 1300:1305 the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values 1241:1305 the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation 1241:1363 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 1 60 theme study 106:110 arg1 aim 95:97 The aim 91:97 The aim of the study 91:110 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 30165146 4 61 theme polymers 742:749 arg1 temperature 723:733 glass transition temperature 706:733 glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material 706:804 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 6 62 theme β-d-glucan 1097:1106 arg1 share 1088:1092 50% share 1084:1092 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1084:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 5 63 theme TBARS 840:844 arg1 content 846:852 the lowest TBARS content 829:852 the lowest TBARS content 829:852 It could be seen that the lowest TBARS content was observed when the β-d-glucan in the wall material was at relatively high level (85%) with moderate temperature applied (154 °C) - 0.56 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of powder. 30165146 7 64 theme optimization 1212:1223 arg1 study 1225:1229 optimization study 1212:1229 optimization study 1212:1229 After examination of all runs of the experiment, we have made optimization study to obtain the wall material composition and spray drying temperature values which will be most appropriate for fish oil encapsulation. 30165146 4 65 theme microcapsules 654:666 arg1 size 646:649 particle size 637:649 particle size of microcapsules 637:666 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 0 66 theme encapsulation 57:69 arg1 agent 71:75 potential encapsulation agent 47:75 potential encapsulation agent for fish oil 47:88 Barley β-d-glucan - modified starch complex as potential encapsulation agent for fish oil. 30165146 6 67 attach present 1057:1063 arg2 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 EPA 1049:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 67 attach present 1057:1063 arg2 amount 1039:1044 The highest amount 1027:1044 The highest amount of EPA 1027:1051 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 67 attach present 1057:1063 arg2 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 present 1057:1063 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 6 67 attach present 1057:1063 arg1 sample 1072:1077 the sample 1068:1077 the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24) 1068:1147 The highest amount of EPA was present in the sample with 50% share of β-d-glucan and spray dried in 150 °C (10.22 ± 0.24). 30165146 4 68 dep polymers 742:749 arg1 β-d-glucan 752:761 β-d-glucan 752:761 β-d-glucan 752:761 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 4 68 dep polymers 742:749 arg1 starch 776:781 starch 776:781 starch 776:781 The observed differences in particle size of microcapsules could be caused by the differences in glass transition temperature of the polymers (β-d-glucan and modified starch) used as wall material. 30165146 1 69 theme optimal 237:243 arg1 ratio 245:249 the optimal ratio 233:249 the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature 233:288 The aim of the study was to examine physicochemical characteristics of fish oil microcapsules produced at different temperatures and estimate the optimal ratio of BG, CS and spray drying temperature. 29253344 7 0 theme blue 1270:1273 arg1 staining 1275:1282 The alcian blue staining 1259:1282 The alcian blue staining 1259:1282 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 3 1 theme blend 724:728 arg1 solution 730:737 blend solution 724:737 blend solution 724:737 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 6 2 theme microscope 1145:1154 arg1 images 1156:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 0 3 theme Potential 97:105 arg1 Application 107:117 Their Potential Application 91:117 Their Potential Application as Cartilage Scaffolds 91:140 Rubbery Chitosan/Carrageenan Hydrogels Constructed through an Electroneutrality System and Their Potential Application as Cartilage Scaffolds. 29253344 1 4 theme simple 355:360 arg1 approach 371:378 a simple one-step approach 353:378 a simple one-step approach for the first time 353:397 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 6 5 theme electronic 1134:1143 arg1 images 1156:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 0 6 theme Cartilage 122:130 arg1 Scaffolds 132:140 Cartilage Scaffolds 122:140 Cartilage Scaffolds 122:140 Rubbery Chitosan/Carrageenan Hydrogels Constructed through an Electroneutrality System and Their Potential Application as Cartilage Scaffolds. 29253344 1 7 theme one-step 362:369 arg1 approach 371:378 a simple one-step approach 353:378 a simple one-step approach for the first time 353:397 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 8 8 from polyanion 1640:1648 arg1 construction 1584:1595 the construction 1580:1595 the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1580:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 8 8 from polyanion 1640:1648 arg1 hydrogel 1611:1618 ampholytic hydrogel 1600:1618 ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1600:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 6 9 theme ATDC5 1246:1250 arg1 cells 1252:1256 ATDC5 cells 1246:1256 ATDC5 cells 1246:1256 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 7 10 theme alcian 1263:1268 arg1 staining 1275:1282 The alcian blue staining 1259:1282 The alcian blue staining 1259:1282 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 8 11 theme hydrogel 1611:1618 arg1 construction 1584:1595 the construction 1580:1595 the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1580:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 5 12 theme spreading 1007:1015 arg1 cells 1023:1027 spreading ATDC5 cells 1007:1027 spreading ATDC5 cells 1007:1027 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 4 13 theme salt-responsiveness 919:937 arg1 architecture 854:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 4 13 theme salt-responsiveness 919:937 arg1 properties 889:898 excellent mechanical properties 868:898 excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness 868:937 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 1 14 theme charged 292:298 arg1 CG 313:314 CG 313:314 CG 313:314 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 1 14 theme charged 292:298 arg1 carrageenan 300:310 negatively charged carrageenan 281:310 negatively charged carrageenan (CG) 281:315 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 8 15 theme ampholytic 1600:1609 arg1 hydrogel 1611:1618 ampholytic hydrogel 1600:1618 ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1600:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 6 16 theme scanning 1125:1132 arg1 images 1156:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 scanning electronic microscope images 1125:1161 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 5 17 theme ATDC5 1017:1021 arg1 cells 1023:1027 spreading ATDC5 cells 1007:1027 spreading ATDC5 cells 1007:1027 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 3 18 with hydrogels 659:667 arg1 networks 696:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 1 19 theme homogeneous 177:187 arg1 hydrogels 199:207 homogeneous composite hydrogels 177:207 homogeneous composite hydrogels 177:207 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 8 20 theme fabrication 1556:1566 arg1 pathway 1568:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway 1538:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1538:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 8 21 from construction 1584:1595 arg1 polyanion 1640:1648 polyanion 1640:1648 polyanion 1640:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 8 21 from construction 1584:1595 arg1 polycation 1625:1634 polycation 1625:1634 polycation 1625:1634 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 1 22 theme composite 189:197 arg1 hydrogels 199:207 homogeneous composite hydrogels 177:207 homogeneous composite hydrogels 177:207 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 1 23 theme first 388:392 arg1 time 394:397 the first time 384:397 the first time 384:397 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 4 24 theme mechanical 878:887 arg1 architecture 854:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 4 24 theme mechanical 878:887 arg1 properties 889:898 excellent mechanical properties 868:898 excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness 868:937 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 7 25 theme real-time 1323:1331 arg1 analysis 1337:1344 real-time PCR analysis 1323:1344 real-time PCR analysis 1323:1344 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 6 26 theme micrographs 1109:1119 arg1 results 1086:1092 The results 1082:1092 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images 1082:1161 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 3 27 theme cross-linked 683:694 arg1 networks 696:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 4 28 theme excellent 868:876 arg1 architecture 854:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 4 28 theme excellent 868:876 arg1 properties 889:898 excellent mechanical properties 868:898 excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness 868:937 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 3 29 link cross-linked 683:694 arg1 networks 696:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 6 30 theme fluorescent 1097:1107 arg1 micrographs 1109:1119 fluorescent micrographs 1097:1119 fluorescent micrographs 1097:1119 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 5 31 theme high 1038:1041 arg1 attachment 1043:1052 high attachment 1038:1052 high attachment 1038:1052 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 8 32 theme electroneutrality 1656:1672 arg1 system 1674:1679 an electroneutrality system 1653:1679 an electroneutrality system 1653:1679 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 7 33 theme composite 1368:1376 arg1 hydrogels 1378:1386 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1358:1386 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1358:1386 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 7 34 theme cartilage 1501:1509 arg1 repair 1511:1516 cartilage repair 1501:1516 cartilage repair 1501:1516 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 8 35 from polycation 1625:1634 arg1 construction 1584:1595 the construction 1580:1595 the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1580:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 8 35 from polycation 1625:1634 arg1 hydrogel 1611:1618 ampholytic hydrogel 1600:1618 ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1600:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 3 36 theme CS/CG 643:647 arg1 hydrogels 659:667 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 639:667 the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks 639:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 2 37 theme electroneutral 403:416 arg1 solution 421:428 An electroneutral CS solution 400:428 An electroneutral CS solution 400:428 An electroneutral CS solution was achieved in alkali/urea, leading to a homogeneous solution blended by CS and CG, which could not be realized in acidic medium because of the agglomeration caused by polycation and polyanion. 29253344 2 38 theme homogeneous 472:482 arg1 solution 484:491 a homogeneous solution 470:491 a homogeneous solution blended by CS and CG, which could not be realized in acidic medium because of the agglomeration caused by polycation and polyanion 470:622 An electroneutral CS solution was achieved in alkali/urea, leading to a homogeneous solution blended by CS and CG, which could not be realized in acidic medium because of the agglomeration caused by polycation and polyanion. 29253344 7 39 theme chondrogenic 1401:1412 arg1 differentiation 1414:1428 chondrogenic differentiation 1401:1428 chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells 1401:1443 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 7 40 theme great 1466:1470 arg1 potential 1472:1480 great potential 1466:1480 great potential for application in cartilage repair 1466:1516 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 2 41 theme CS 418:419 arg1 solution 421:428 An electroneutral CS solution 400:428 An electroneutral CS solution 400:428 An electroneutral CS solution was achieved in alkali/urea, leading to a homogeneous solution blended by CS and CG, which could not be realized in acidic medium because of the agglomeration caused by polycation and polyanion. 29253344 1 42 theme alkali/urea 320:330 arg1 solution 340:347 alkali/urea aqueous solution 320:347 alkali/urea aqueous solution 320:347 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 4 43 theme porous 847:852 arg1 architecture 854:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 4 43 theme porous 847:852 arg1 properties 889:898 excellent mechanical properties 868:898 excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness 868:937 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 6 44 theme composite 1187:1195 arg1 hydrogels 1197:1205 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1177:1205 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1177:1205 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 0 45 theme Electroneutrality 62:78 arg1 System 80:85 an Electroneutrality System 59:85 an Electroneutrality System 59:85 Rubbery Chitosan/Carrageenan Hydrogels Constructed through an Electroneutrality System and Their Potential Application as Cartilage Scaffolds. 29253344 1 46 theme aqueous 332:338 arg1 solution 340:347 alkali/urea aqueous solution 320:347 alkali/urea aqueous solution 320:347 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 4 47 theme pH- 911:913 arg1 architecture 854:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 hierarchically porous architecture 832:865 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 4 47 theme pH- 911:913 arg1 properties 889:898 excellent mechanical properties 868:898 excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness 868:937 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 8 48 theme fast 1551:1554 arg1 pathway 1568:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway 1538:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1538:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 5 49 theme cells 1075:1079 arg1 proliferation 1058:1070 proliferation 1058:1070 proliferation 1058:1070 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 5 49 theme cells 1075:1079 arg1 attachment 1043:1052 high attachment 1038:1052 high attachment 1038:1052 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 6 50 theme CS/CG 1181:1185 arg1 hydrogels 1197:1205 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1177:1205 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1177:1205 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 7 51 theme ATDC5 1433:1437 arg1 cells 1439:1443 ATDC5 cells 1433:1443 ATDC5 cells 1433:1443 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 3 52 theme multiple 674:681 arg1 networks 696:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 multiple cross-linked networks 674:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 7 53 theme cells 1439:1443 arg1 differentiation 1414:1428 chondrogenic differentiation 1401:1428 chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells 1401:1443 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 1 54 theme present 150:156 arg1 work 158:161 the present work 146:161 the present work 146:161 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 1 55 theme charged 255:261 arg1 CS 273:274 CS 273:274 CS 273:274 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 1 55 theme charged 255:261 arg1 chitosan 263:270 positively charged chitosan 244:270 positively charged chitosan (CS) 244:275 In the present work, the bulk and homogeneous composite hydrogels were successfully constructed from positively charged chitosan (CS) and negatively charged carrageenan (CG) in alkali/urea aqueous solution via a simple one-step approach for the first time. 29253344 2 56 theme acidic 546:551 arg1 medium 553:558 acidic medium 546:558 acidic medium 546:558 An electroneutral CS solution was achieved in alkali/urea, leading to a homogeneous solution blended by CS and CG, which could not be realized in acidic medium because of the agglomeration caused by polycation and polyanion. 29253344 3 57 theme composite 649:657 arg1 hydrogels 659:667 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 639:667 the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks 639:703 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 5 58 theme composite 957:965 arg1 hydrogels 967:975 the composite hydrogels 953:975 the composite hydrogels 953:975 Importantly, the composite hydrogels were successfully applied for spreading ATDC5 cells, showing high attachment and proliferation of cells. 29253344 7 59 from application 1486:1496 arg1 repair 1511:1516 cartilage repair 1501:1516 cartilage repair 1501:1516 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 7 60 theme PCR 1333:1335 arg1 analysis 1337:1344 real-time PCR analysis 1323:1344 real-time PCR analysis 1323:1344 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 8 61 theme facile 1540:1545 arg1 pathway 1568:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway 1538:1574 a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion 1538:1648 This work provides a facile and fast fabrication pathway for the construction of ampholytic hydrogel from polycation and polyanion in an electroneutrality system. 29253344 7 62 theme CS/CG 1362:1366 arg1 hydrogels 1378:1386 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1358:1386 the CS/CG composite hydrogels 1358:1386 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 4 63 theme composite 802:810 arg1 hydrogels 812:820 The composite hydrogels 798:820 The composite hydrogels 798:820 The composite hydrogels exhibited hierarchically porous architecture, excellent mechanical properties as well as pH- and salt-responsiveness. 29253344 7 64 theme glycosaminoglycan 1285:1301 arg1 quantification 1303:1316 glycosaminoglycan quantification 1285:1316 glycosaminoglycan quantification 1285:1316 The alcian blue staining, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and real-time PCR analysis proved that the CS/CG composite hydrogels could induce chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells in vitro, exhibiting great potential for application in cartilage repair. 29253344 6 65 theme cells 1252:1256 arg1 viability 1233:1241 viability 1233:1241 viability 1233:1241 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 6 65 theme cells 1252:1256 arg1 adhesion 1220:1227 adhesion 1220:1227 adhesion 1220:1227 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 6 66 dep adhesion 1220:1227 arg1 the 1216:1218 the 1216:1218 the 1216:1218 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 6 67 theme images 1156:1161 arg1 results 1086:1092 The results 1082:1092 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images 1082:1161 The results of fluorescent micrographs and scanning electronic microscope images revealed that the CS/CG composite hydrogels enhanced the adhesion and viability of ATDC5 cells. 29253344 3 68 theme cross-linking 777:789 arg1 agent 791:795 the cross-linking agent 773:795 the cross-linking agent 773:795 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29253344 3 68 theme cross-linking 777:789 arg1 epichlorohydrin 748:762 epichlorohydrin 748:762 epichlorohydrin (ECH) 748:768 Subsequently, the CS/CG composite hydrogels with multiple cross-linked networks were prepared from blend solution by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the cross-linking agent. 29628262 7 0 theme COS 1185:1187 arg1 treatment 1189:1197 COS treatment 1185:1197 COS treatment 1185:1197 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 3 1 theme adipose 660:666 arg1 tissue 668:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 1 2 theme type 223:226 arg1 mellitus 239:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 3 3 from differentiation 624:638 arg1 tissue 668:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 1 4 theme study 150:154 arg1 aim 138:140 The aim 134:140 The aim of this study 134:154 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 0 5 theme gut 101:103 arg1 microbiota 105:114 gut microbiota 101:114 gut microbiota 101:114 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 8 6 theme mellitus 1387:1394 arg1 treatment 1365:1373 the treatment 1361:1373 the treatment of diabetes mellitus 1361:1394 Our study provided the evidence for application of COS to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. 29628262 2 7 theme C57BL/6J 259:266 arg1 mice 268:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice or diabetic db/db mice were treated with vehicle or COS for three months. 29628262 5 8 theme correlation 887:897 arg1 analysis 899:906 Spearman's correlation analysis 876:906 Spearman's correlation analysis 876:906 Spearman's correlation analysis indicates that the COS-modulated bacteria are positively correlated with inflammation, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. 29628262 1 9 theme diabetes 230:237 arg1 mellitus 239:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 6 10 theme metabolic 1135:1143 arg1 pathways 1145:1152 the metabolic pathways 1131:1152 the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota 1131:1170 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 29628262 6 11 theme gut 1157:1159 arg1 microbiota 1161:1170 gut microbiota 1157:1170 gut microbiota 1157:1170 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 29628262 7 12 theme glucose 1223:1229 arg1 metabolism 1231:1240 the glucose metabolism 1219:1240 the glucose metabolism 1219:1240 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 2 13 theme type 254:257 arg1 mice 268:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice or diabetic db/db mice were treated with vehicle or COS for three months. 29628262 2 14 theme Wild 249:252 arg1 mice 268:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice 249:271 Wild type C57BL/6J mice or diabetic db/db mice were treated with vehicle or COS for three months. 29628262 6 15 theme functional 1031:1040 arg1 profiling 1042:1050 The functional profiling 1027:1050 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition 1027:1086 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 29628262 0 16 theme microbiota 105:114 arg1 dysbiosis 88:96 the dysbiosis 84:96 the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice 84:131 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 3 17 theme white 654:658 arg1 tissue 668:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 white adipose tissue 654:673 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 0 18 from disturbance 38:48 arg1 metabolism 61:70 glucose metabolism 53:70 glucose metabolism 53:70 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 3 19 from resistance 439:448 arg1 mice 470:473 db/db mice 464:473 db/db mice 464:473 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 2 20 theme db/db 285:289 arg1 mice 291:294 diabetic db/db mice 276:294 diabetic db/db mice 276:294 Wild type C57BL/6J mice or diabetic db/db mice were treated with vehicle or COS for three months. 29628262 3 21 theme blood 389:393 arg1 P < 0.01 404:411 P < 0.01 404:411 P < 0.01 404:411 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 3 21 theme blood 389:393 arg1 glucose 395:401 the blood glucose 385:401 the blood glucose (P < 0.01) 385:412 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 3 22 theme COS 347:349 arg1 treatment 351:359 COS treatment 347:359 COS treatment 347:359 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 4 23 theme diabetic 785:792 arg1 mice 794:797 diabetic mice 785:797 diabetic mice 785:797 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 2 24 theme diabetic 276:283 arg1 mice 291:294 diabetic db/db mice 276:294 diabetic db/db mice 276:294 Wild type C57BL/6J mice or diabetic db/db mice were treated with vehicle or COS for three months. 29628262 7 25 theme diabetic 1288:1295 arg1 mice 1297:1300 diabetic mice 1288:1300 diabetic mice 1288:1300 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 3 26 theme inflammation 517:528 arg1 P < 0.05 541:548 P < 0.05 541:548 P < 0.05 541:548 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 3 26 theme inflammation 517:528 arg1 mediators 530:538 the inflammation mediators 513:538 the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05) 513:549 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 6 27 theme microbiota 1161:1170 arg1 pathways 1145:1152 the metabolic pathways 1131:1152 the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota 1131:1170 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 29628262 0 28 theme diabetic 119:126 arg1 mice 128:131 diabetic mice 119:131 diabetic mice 119:131 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 0 29 from dysbiosis 88:96 arg1 mice 128:131 diabetic mice 119:131 diabetic mice 119:131 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 4 30 theme COS 690:692 arg1 treatment 694:702 COS treatment 690:702 COS treatment 690:702 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 7 31 theme mice 1297:1300 arg1 microbiota 1274:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota 1255:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice 1255:1300 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 7 32 theme gut 1270:1272 arg1 microbiota 1274:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota 1255:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice 1255:1300 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 1 33 theme chitosan 188:195 arg1 COS 215:217 COS 215:217 COS 215:217 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 1 33 theme chitosan 188:195 arg1 oligosaccharides 197:212 chitosan oligosaccharides 188:212 chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) 188:218 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 1 34 theme oligosaccharides 197:212 arg1 effect 178:183 the effect 174:183 the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus 174:246 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 8 35 theme COS 1354:1356 arg1 application 1339:1349 application 1339:1349 application of COS to the treatment of diabetes mellitus 1339:1394 Our study provided the evidence for application of COS to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. 29628262 4 36 theme gut 768:770 arg1 dysbiosis 772:780 the gut dysbiosis 764:780 the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice 764:797 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 7 37 theme unbalanced 1259:1268 arg1 microbiota 1274:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota 1255:1283 the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice 1255:1300 In summary, COS treatment remarkably improved the glucose metabolism and reshaped the unbalanced gut microbiota of diabetic mice. 29628262 0 38 theme glucose 53:59 arg1 metabolism 61:70 glucose metabolism 53:70 glucose metabolism 53:70 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 4 39 from dysbiosis 772:780 arg1 mice 794:797 diabetic mice 785:797 diabetic mice 785:797 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 3 40 theme adipocyte 614:622 arg1 P < 0.05 641:648 P < 0.05 641:648 P < 0.05 641:648 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 3 40 theme adipocyte 614:622 arg1 differentiation 624:638 the adipocyte differentiation 610:638 the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue 610:673 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 8 41 theme diabetes 1378:1385 arg1 mellitus 1387:1394 diabetes mellitus 1378:1394 diabetes mellitus 1378:1394 Our study provided the evidence for application of COS to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. 29628262 1 42 from effect 178:183 arg1 mellitus 239:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 type 2 diabetes mellitus 223:246 The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus. 29628262 6 43 theme COS 1104:1106 arg1 treatment 1108:1116 COS treatment 1104:1116 COS treatment 1104:1116 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 29628262 4 44 theme suppressing 839:849 arg1 P < 0.05 865:872 P < 0.05 865:872 P < 0.05 865:872 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 4 44 theme suppressing 839:849 arg1 Helicobacter 851:862 suppressing Helicobacter 839:862 suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05) 839:873 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 5 45 theme COS-modulated 927:939 arg1 bacteria 941:948 the COS-modulated bacteria 923:948 the COS-modulated bacteria 923:948 Spearman's correlation analysis indicates that the COS-modulated bacteria are positively correlated with inflammation, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. 29628262 3 46 theme insulin 431:437 arg1 P < 0.05 451:458 P < 0.05 451:458 P < 0.05 451:458 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 3 46 theme insulin 431:437 arg1 resistance 439:448 the insulin resistance 427:448 the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue 427:673 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 4 47 theme occludin 731:738 arg1 reduction 718:726 the reduction 714:726 the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) 714:749 Additionally, COS treatment inhibited the reduction of occludin (P < 0.01) and relieved the gut dysbiosis in diabetic mice by promoting Akkermansia (P < 0.01) and suppressing Helicobacter (P < 0.05). 29628262 0 48 dep oligosaccharides 9:24 arg1 improve 26:32 improve 26:32 improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism 26:70 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 0 48 dep oligosaccharides 9:24 arg1 reverse 76:82 reverse 76:82 reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice 76:131 Chitosan oligosaccharides improve the disturbance in glucose metabolism and reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in diabetic mice. 29628262 3 49 theme db/db 464:468 arg1 mice 470:473 db/db mice 464:473 db/db mice 464:473 COS treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose (P < 0.01) and reversed the insulin resistance (P < 0.05) in db/db mice, which was accompanied by suppressing the inflammation mediators (P < 0.05), down-regulating the lipogenesis (P < 0.01) and inhibiting the adipocyte differentiation (P < 0.05) in white adipose tissue. 29628262 6 50 theme microbiota 1065:1074 arg1 composition 1076:1086 the microbiota composition 1061:1086 the microbiota composition 1061:1086 The functional profiling based on the microbiota composition implicated that COS treatment may regulate the metabolic pathways of gut microbiota. 30537499 3 0 theme antioxidant 711:721 arg1 ability 723:729 distinct antioxidant ability 702:729 distinct antioxidant ability 702:729 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 1 1 theme needle 241:246 arg1 polysaccharide 248:261 Pine needle polysaccharide 236:261 Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana 236:289 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 1 theme needle 241:246 arg1 PNP 264:266 PNP 264:266 PNP 264:266 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 2 2 theme lipoprotein 471:481 arg1 cholesterol 483:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 2 theme lipoprotein 471:481 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 3 from composition 9:19 arg1 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 3 from composition 9:19 arg1 needle 73:78 Pine needle 68:78 Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 68:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 3 from composition 9:19 arg1 mice 149:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 1 4 theme polysaccharide 248:261 arg1 effects 225:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects 195:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 195:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 2 5 theme enzymes 521:527 arg1 levels 529:534 the antioxidant enzymes levels 505:534 the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) 505:621 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 6 theme glutathione 589:599 arg1 peroxidase 601:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 6 theme glutathione 589:599 arg1 dismutase 578:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 7 theme antioxidant 509:519 arg1 enzymes 521:527 the antioxidant enzymes 505:527 the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) 505:621 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 8 theme malondialdehyde 637:651 arg1 content 659:665 malondialdehyde (MDA) content 637:665 malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice 637:685 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 9 theme hypolipidemic 103:115 arg1 effect 117:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 5 10 theme functional 1036:1045 arg1 foods 1047:1051 functional foods 1036:1051 functional foods 1036:1051 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 5 10 theme functional 1036:1045 arg1 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 2 11 theme lipid 370:374 arg1 levels 376:381 the serum lipid levels 360:381 the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) 360:494 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 12 theme lipoprotein 434:444 arg1 cholesterol 446:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 12 theme lipoprotein 434:444 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 3 13 theme distinct 702:709 arg1 ability 723:729 distinct antioxidant ability 702:729 distinct antioxidant ability 702:729 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 1 14 from massoniana 280:289 arg1 polysaccharide 248:261 Pine needle polysaccharide 236:261 Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana 236:289 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 14 from massoniana 280:289 arg1 effects 225:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects 195:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 195:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 14 from massoniana 280:289 arg1 PNP 264:266 PNP 264:266 PNP 264:266 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 2 15 theme HFD-induced 670:680 arg1 mice 682:685 HFD-induced mice 670:685 HFD-induced mice 670:685 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 16 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 2 17 theme serum 364:368 arg1 levels 376:381 the serum lipid levels 360:381 the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) 360:494 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 18 theme high-density 421:432 arg1 cholesterol 446:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 18 theme high-density 421:432 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 19 from activities 34:43 arg1 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 19 from activities 34:43 arg1 needle 73:78 Pine needle 68:78 Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 68:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 19 from activities 34:43 arg1 mice 149:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 20 dep Pinus 81:85 arg1 massoniana 87:96 Pinus massoniana 81:96 Pinus massoniana 81:96 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 4 21 theme molecular 866:874 arg1 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 21 theme molecular 866:874 arg1 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 21 theme molecular 866:874 arg1 weight 876:881 The average molecular weight 854:881 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP 854:893 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 1 22 theme study 171:175 arg1 aim 159:161 The aim 155:161 The aim of this study 155:175 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 23 theme -induced 313:320 arg1 mice 322:325 high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 294:325 high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 294:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 0 24 theme antioxidant 22:32 arg1 activities 34:43 antioxidant activities 22:43 antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 22:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 2 25 theme antioxidant 543:553 arg1 capability 555:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 26 theme total 537:541 arg1 capability 555:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 4 27 theme PNP 891:893 arg1 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 27 theme PNP 891:893 arg1 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 27 theme PNP 891:893 arg1 weight 876:881 The average molecular weight 854:881 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP 854:893 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 2 28 theme total 384:388 arg1 cholesterol 446:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 28 theme total 384:388 arg1 cholesterol 483:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 28 theme total 384:388 arg1 triacylglycerols 403:418 triacylglycerols 403:418 triacylglycerols 403:418 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 28 theme total 384:388 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 29 theme low-density 459:469 arg1 cholesterol 483:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 29 theme low-density 459:469 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 3 30 theme superoxide 738:747 arg1 anions 749:754 the superoxide anions 734:754 the superoxide anions 734:754 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 3 30 theme superoxide 738:747 arg1 1 757:757 1 757:757 1 757:757 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 0 31 theme diet-induced 136:147 arg1 mice 149:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 1 32 theme hypolipidemic 195:207 arg1 effects 225:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects 195:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 195:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 5 33 used used 1028:1031 arg2 drugs 1065:1069 natural drugs 1057:1069 natural drugs 1057:1069 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 5 33 used used 1028:1031 arg2 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 5 33 used used 1028:1031 arg2 foods 1047:1051 functional foods 1036:1051 functional foods 1036:1051 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 0 34 theme high-fat 127:134 arg1 mice 149:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 35 from needle 73:78 arg1 effect 117:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 35 from needle 73:78 arg1 polysaccharide 48:61 polysaccharide 48:61 polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 48:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 35 from needle 73:78 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 35 from needle 73:78 arg1 activities 34:43 antioxidant activities 22:43 antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 22:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 2 36 dep levels 376:381 arg1 cholesterol 446:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 421:456 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 36 dep levels 376:381 arg1 cholesterol 483:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 459:493 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 36 dep levels 376:381 arg1 triacylglycerols 403:418 triacylglycerols 403:418 triacylglycerols 403:418 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 36 dep levels 376:381 arg1 cholesterol 390:400 total cholesterol 384:400 total cholesterol 384:400 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 1 37 theme high-fat 294:301 arg1 HFD 309:311 HFD 309:311 HFD 309:311 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 37 theme high-fat 294:301 arg1 diet 303:306 high-fat diet 294:306 high-fat diet (HFD) 294:312 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 2 38 dep capability 555:564 arg1 peroxidase 601:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 38 dep capability 555:564 arg1 catalase 613:620 catalase 613:620 catalase 613:620 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 38 dep capability 555:564 arg1 dismutase 578:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 39 theme polysaccharide 48:61 arg1 effect 117:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 hypolipidemic effect 103:122 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 39 theme polysaccharide 48:61 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 39 theme polysaccharide 48:61 arg1 activities 34:43 antioxidant activities 22:43 antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 22:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 2 40 theme superoxide 567:576 arg1 peroxidase 601:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 glutathione peroxidase 589:610 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 40 theme superoxide 567:576 arg1 catalase 613:620 catalase 613:620 catalase 613:620 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 40 theme superoxide 567:576 arg1 dismutase 578:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 superoxide dismutase 567:586 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 5 41 theme antioxidant 1084:1094 arg1 ability 1096:1102 antioxidant ability 1084:1102 antioxidant ability 1084:1102 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 4 42 theme average 858:864 arg1 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 6.17 × 105 Da 899:911 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 42 theme average 858:864 arg1 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 Mw 884:885 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 42 theme average 858:864 arg1 weight 876:881 The average molecular weight 854:881 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP 854:893 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 1 43 theme antioxidant 213:223 arg1 effects 225:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects 195:231 hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 195:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 44 from effects 225:231 arg1 massoniana 280:289 Pinus massoniana 274:289 Pinus massoniana 274:289 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 1 44 from effects 225:231 arg1 mice 322:325 high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 294:325 high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice 294:325 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 30537499 3 45 theme antioxidant 819:829 arg1 FRAP 838:841 FRAP 838:841 FRAP 838:841 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 3 45 theme antioxidant 819:829 arg1 power 831:835 antioxidant power 819:835 antioxidant power (FRAP) 819:842 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 3 46 theme ferric 799:804 arg1 1 757:757 1 757:757 1 757:757 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 3 46 theme ferric 799:804 arg1 ion 806:808 ferric ion 799:808 ferric ion 799:808 PNP exhibited distinct antioxidant ability on the superoxide anions, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in vitro. 30537499 2 47 dep levels 529:534 arg1 capability 555:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 total antioxidant capability 537:564 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 2 48 from content 659:665 arg1 mice 682:685 HFD-induced mice 670:685 HFD-induced mice 670:685 PNP could significantly improve the serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), enhance the antioxidant enzymes levels (total antioxidant capability, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in HFD-induced mice. 30537499 0 49 theme Pine 68:71 arg1 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 49 theme Pine 68:71 arg1 needle 73:78 Pine needle 68:78 Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 68:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 5 50 theme natural 1057:1063 arg1 drugs 1065:1069 natural drugs 1057:1069 natural drugs 1057:1069 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 5 50 theme natural 1057:1063 arg1 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 PNP 1015:1017 These results suggested that PNP might be used as functional foods and natural drugs in enhancing antioxidant ability and alleviating the hyperlipidemia. 30537499 0 51 from effect 117:122 arg1 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Pinus 81:85 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 51 from effect 117:122 arg1 needle 73:78 Pine needle 68:78 Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) 68:97 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 0 51 from effect 117:122 arg1 mice 149:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 high-fat diet-induced mice 127:152 Chemical composition, antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Pine needle (Pinus massoniana) and hypolipidemic effect in high-fat diet-induced mice. 30537499 4 52 theme galacturonic 967:978 arg1 fucose 928:933 fucose 928:933 fucose 928:933 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 4 52 theme galacturonic 967:978 arg1 acid 980:983 galacturonic acid 967:983 galacturonic acid 967:983 The average molecular weight (Mw) of PNP was 6.17 × 105 Da, and mainly of fucose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, galacturonic acid. 30537499 1 53 theme Pine 236:239 arg1 needle 241:246 Pine needle 236:246 Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana 236:289 The aim of this study is to investigate hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Pine needle polysaccharide (PNP) from Pinus massoniana in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. 31927250 8 0 theme Hydrogel 978:985 arg1 modulus 1001:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus ranged between ~6 and 240 Pa where increased H2O2 increased the modulus. 31927250 5 1 theme dynamic 682:688 arg1 scattering 696:705 dynamic light scattering 682:705 dynamic light scattering 682:705 The composite network structure was characterized with dynamic light scattering. 31927250 10 2 theme original 1398:1405 arg1 size 1407:1410 their original size 1392:1410 their original size 1392:1410 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 31927250 9 3 with hydrogels 1143:1151 arg1 ratios 1169:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 9 4 from increase 1237:1244 arg1 modulus 1249:1255 modulus 1249:1255 modulus 1249:1255 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 8 5 theme storage 993:999 arg1 modulus 1001:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus ranged between ~6 and 240 Pa where increased H2O2 increased the modulus. 31927250 2 6 used utilized 309:316 arg2 oil 279:281 silicone oil 270:281 silicone oil 270:281 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 2 6 used utilized 309:316 arg2 gases 299:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 2 6 used utilized 309:316 arg2 tamponades 251:260 Clinical tamponades 242:260 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases 242:303 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 13 7 theme silk 1963:1966 arg1 ratios 1968:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 6 8 theme crosslinking 819:830 arg1 densities 832:840 crosslinking densities 819:840 crosslinking densities 819:840 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 13 9 theme swelling 1900:1907 arg1 properties 1909:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 9 10 theme higher 1194:1199 arg1 ratios 1206:1211 higher silk ratios 1194:1211 higher silk ratios 1194:1211 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 2 11 theme fluorinated 287:297 arg1 gases 299:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 7 12 with clear 940:944 arg1 transmission 964:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 12 13 with comparable 1711:1720 arg1 those 1727:1731 those 1727:1731 those 1727:1731 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 4 14 dep humor 608:612 arg1 substitutes 614:624 substitutes 614:624 substitutes 614:624 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 12 15 theme normalized 1624:1633 arg1 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 12 15 theme normalized 1624:1633 arg1 pressure 1647:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure 1620:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels 1620:1704 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 1 16 theme humor 235:239 arg1 replacement 207:217 replacement 207:217 replacement 207:217 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 16 theme humor 235:239 arg1 removal 195:201 removal 195:201 removal 195:201 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 17 theme retinal 138:144 arg1 detachment 146:155 retinal detachment 138:155 retinal detachment 138:155 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 4 18 link crosslinked 476:486 arg1 hydrogels 514:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels 462:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 462:567 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 12 19 theme clinical 1781:1788 arg1 utility 1790:1796 the potential clinical utility 1767:1796 the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes 1767:1837 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 6 20 theme swelling 751:758 arg1 properties 760:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties 721:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 721:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 11 21 theme diffusive 1471:1479 arg1 modes 1481:1485 three diffusive modes 1465:1485 three diffusive modes 1465:1485 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 12 22 theme silicone 1746:1753 arg1 oil 1755:1757 silicone oil 1746:1757 silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes 1746:1837 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 23 theme silk-HA 1863:1869 arg1 system 1880:1885 the silk-HA hydrogel system 1859:1885 the silk-HA hydrogel system 1859:1885 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 8 24 theme increased 1044:1052 arg1 H2O2 1054:1057 increased H2O2 1044:1057 increased H2O2 1044:1057 Hydrogel shear storage modulus ranged between ~6 and 240 Pa where increased H2O2 increased the modulus. 31927250 11 25 theme hydrogel 1529:1536 arg1 composite 1538:1546 the hydrogel composite 1525:1546 the hydrogel composite 1525:1546 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 12 26 theme eyes 1675:1678 arg1 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 12 26 theme eyes 1675:1678 arg1 pressure 1647:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure 1620:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels 1620:1704 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 4 27 theme crosslinked 476:486 arg1 hydrogels 514:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels 462:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 462:567 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 11 28 theme scattering 1441:1450 arg1 results 1452:1458 Dynamic light scattering results 1427:1458 Dynamic light scattering results 1427:1458 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 13 29 theme tunable 1892:1898 arg1 properties 1909:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 7 30 theme % 956:956 arg1 transmission 964:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 1 31 theme Multiple 97:104 arg1 detachment 146:155 retinal detachment 138:155 retinal detachment 138:155 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 31 theme Multiple 97:104 arg1 pathologies 117:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies 97:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies 97:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 31 theme Multiple 97:104 arg1 retinopathy 170:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 12 32 theme injecting 1686:1694 arg1 hydrogels 1696:1704 injecting hydrogels 1686:1704 injecting hydrogels 1686:1704 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 4 33 theme acid 504:507 arg1 hydrogels 514:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels 462:522 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 462:567 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 11 34 theme Dynamic 1427:1433 arg1 scattering 1441:1450 Dynamic light scattering 1427:1450 Dynamic light scattering results 1427:1458 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 11 35 theme mechanical 1576:1585 arg1 properties 1587:1596 the mechanical properties 1572:1596 the mechanical properties 1572:1596 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 10 36 theme increased 1312:1320 arg1 volume 1331:1336 increased hydrogel volume 1312:1336 increased hydrogel volume during swelling 1312:1352 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 31927250 0 37 theme silk-hyaluronic 20:34 arg1 hydrogels 51:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 13 38 theme system 1880:1885 arg1 properties 1909:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 38 theme system 1880:1885 arg1 versatility 1844:1854 The versatility 1840:1854 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system 1840:1885 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 38 theme system 1880:1885 arg1 stability 1929:1937 the stability 1925:1937 the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios 1925:1973 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 0 39 theme composite 41:49 arg1 hydrogels 51:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 12 40 dep ex 1659:1660 arg1 vivo 1662:1665 vivo 1662:1665 vivo 1662:1665 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 41 theme lower 1957:1961 arg1 ratios 1968:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 11 42 theme swelling 1602:1609 arg1 results 1611:1617 swelling results 1602:1617 swelling results 1602:1617 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 6 43 with hydrogels 774:782 arg1 silk 797:800 varying silk 789:800 varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 789:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 10 44 theme silk 1367:1370 arg1 ratios 1372:1377 higher silk ratios 1360:1377 higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days 1360:1424 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 31927250 8 45 theme shear 987:991 arg1 modulus 1001:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus 978:1007 Hydrogel shear storage modulus ranged between ~6 and 240 Pa where increased H2O2 increased the modulus. 31927250 6 46 theme HA 805:806 arg1 ratios 808:813 HA ratios 805:813 HA ratios 805:813 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 5 47 theme light 690:694 arg1 scattering 696:705 dynamic light scattering 682:705 dynamic light scattering 682:705 The composite network structure was characterized with dynamic light scattering. 31927250 7 48 theme refractive 903:912 arg1 indexes 914:920 refractive indexes 903:920 refractive indexes of 1.336 903:929 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 4 49 theme vitreous 599:606 arg1 humor 608:612 vitreous humor substitutes 599:624 vitreous humor substitutes 599:624 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 5 50 theme network 641:647 arg1 structure 649:657 The composite network structure 627:657 The composite network structure 627:657 The composite network structure was characterized with dynamic light scattering. 31927250 11 51 theme composite 1538:1546 arg1 structures 1511:1520 the possible structures 1498:1520 the possible structures of the hydrogel composite 1498:1546 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 9 52 theme silk 1201:1204 arg1 ratios 1206:1211 higher silk ratios 1194:1211 higher silk ratios 1194:1211 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 12 53 theme potential 1771:1779 arg1 utility 1790:1796 the potential clinical utility 1767:1796 the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes 1767:1837 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 12 54 theme intraocular 1635:1645 arg1 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 comparable 1711:1720 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 12 54 theme intraocular 1635:1645 arg1 pressure 1647:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure 1620:1654 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels 1620:1704 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 9 55 theme significant 1225:1235 arg1 increase 1237:1244 a significant increase 1223:1244 a significant increase in modulus 1223:1255 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 1 56 theme vitreous 226:233 arg1 humor 235:239 the vitreous humor 222:239 the vitreous humor 222:239 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 2 57 theme Clinical 242:249 arg1 tamponades 251:260 Clinical tamponades 242:260 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases 242:303 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 2 57 theme Clinical 242:249 arg1 oil 279:281 silicone oil 270:281 silicone oil 270:281 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 2 57 theme Clinical 242:249 arg1 gases 299:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 fluorinated gases 287:303 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 13 58 theme hydrogels 1942:1950 arg1 properties 1909:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 the tunable swelling properties 1888:1918 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 58 theme hydrogels 1942:1950 arg1 versatility 1844:1854 The versatility 1840:1854 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system 1840:1885 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 13 58 theme hydrogels 1942:1950 arg1 stability 1929:1937 the stability 1925:1937 the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios 1925:1973 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 2 59 theme silicone 270:277 arg1 oil 279:281 silicone oil 270:281 silicone oil 270:281 Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. 31927250 1 60 theme diabetic 161:168 arg1 retinopathy 170:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 10 61 theme H2O2 1269:1272 arg1 concentration 1274:1286 H2O2 concentration 1269:1286 H2O2 concentration 1269:1286 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 31927250 13 62 with hydrogels 1942:1950 arg1 ratios 1968:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 lower silk ratios 1957:1973 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 7 63 contain had 899:901 arg2 indexes 914:920 refractive indexes 903:920 refractive indexes of 1.336 903:929 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 7 63 contain had 899:901 arg1 Hydrogels 889:897 Hydrogels 889:897 Hydrogels 889:897 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 11 64 theme possible 1502:1509 arg1 structures 1511:1520 the possible structures 1498:1520 the possible structures of the hydrogel composite 1498:1546 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 4 65 theme silk-hyaluronic 488:502 arg1 acid 504:507 silk-hyaluronic acid 488:507 enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 462:567 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 4 65 theme silk-hyaluronic 488:502 arg1 HA 510:511 HA 510:511 HA 510:511 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 3 66 dep biocompatible 396:408 arg1 stable 411:416 stable 411:416 stable 411:416 Therefore, there is a need for biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 11 67 theme light 1435:1439 arg1 scattering 1441:1450 Dynamic light scattering 1427:1450 Dynamic light scattering results 1427:1458 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 6 68 theme optical 738:744 arg1 properties 760:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties 721:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 721:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 5 69 theme composite 631:639 arg1 structure 649:657 The composite network structure 627:657 The composite network structure 627:657 The composite network structure was characterized with dynamic light scattering. 31927250 12 70 theme porcine 1667:1673 arg1 eyes 1675:1678 ex vivo porcine eyes 1659:1678 ex vivo porcine eyes 1659:1678 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 6 71 theme rheological 725:735 arg1 properties 760:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties 721:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 721:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 7 72 theme light 958:962 arg1 transmission 964:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 75-91% light transmission 951:975 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 1 73 theme ophthalmic 106:115 arg1 detachment 146:155 retinal detachment 138:155 retinal detachment 138:155 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 73 theme ophthalmic 106:115 arg1 pathologies 117:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies 97:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies 97:127 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 1 73 theme ophthalmic 106:115 arg1 retinopathy 170:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 diabetic retinopathy 161:180 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 3 74 theme biocompatible 396:408 arg1 humor 428:432 biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes 396:444 humor 428:432 Therefore, there is a need for biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 11 75 with consistent 1556:1565 arg1 properties 1587:1596 the mechanical properties 1572:1596 the mechanical properties 1572:1596 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 11 75 with consistent 1556:1565 arg1 results 1611:1617 swelling results 1602:1617 swelling results 1602:1617 Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. 31927250 10 76 theme hydrogel 1322:1329 arg1 volume 1331:1336 increased hydrogel volume 1312:1336 increased hydrogel volume during swelling 1312:1352 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 31927250 0 77 theme acid 36:39 arg1 hydrogels 51:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels 20:59 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 7 78 theme 75-91 951:955 arg1 % 956:956 % 956:956 % 956:956 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 13 79 dep vitreous 2026:2033 arg1 substitutes 2035:2045 substitutes 2035:2045 substitutes 2035:2045 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 9 80 theme lower 1158:1162 arg1 ratios 1169:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 13 81 theme hydrogel 1871:1878 arg1 system 1880:1885 the silk-HA hydrogel system 1859:1885 the silk-HA hydrogel system 1859:1885 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 0 82 theme hydrogels 51:59 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor 0:82 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 12 83 dep vitreous 1818:1825 arg1 substitutes 1827:1837 substitutes 1827:1837 substitutes 1827:1837 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 3 84 dep humor 428:432 arg1 substitutes 434:444 substitutes 434:444 substitutes 434:444 Therefore, there is a need for biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 3 84 dep humor 428:432 arg1 vitreous 419:426 biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes 396:444 vitreous 419:426 Therefore, there is a need for biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 12 85 theme ex 1659:1660 arg1 eyes 1675:1678 ex vivo porcine eyes 1659:1678 ex vivo porcine eyes 1659:1678 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 4 86 theme horseradish 537:547 arg1 peroxidase 549:558 horseradish peroxidase 537:558 horseradish peroxidase 537:558 In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 9 87 from changes 1120:1126 arg1 modulus 1131:1137 modulus 1131:1137 modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios 1131:1174 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 6 88 theme varying 789:795 arg1 silk 797:800 varying silk 789:800 varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 789:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 0 89 theme vitreous 69:76 arg1 humor 78:82 vitreous humor 69:82 vitreous humor 69:82 Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. 31927250 1 90 dep removal 195:201 arg1 the 191:193 the 191:193 the 191:193 Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. 31927250 6 91 theme hydrogels 774:782 arg1 properties 760:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties 721:769 the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 721:860 In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. 31927250 9 92 theme silk 1164:1167 arg1 ratios 1169:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 lower silk ratios 1158:1174 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 13 93 theme silk-HA 2005:2011 arg1 hydrogels 2013:2021 silk-HA hydrogels 2005:2021 silk-HA hydrogels 2005:2021 The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 7 94 theme 1.336 925:929 arg1 indexes 914:920 refractive indexes 903:920 refractive indexes of 1.336 903:929 Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. 31927250 9 95 theme aging 1099:1103 arg1 month 1090:1094 1 month 1088:1094 1 month of aging 1088:1103 After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. 31927250 12 96 theme hydrogels 1805:1813 arg1 utility 1790:1796 the potential clinical utility 1767:1796 the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes 1767:1837 The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. 31927250 10 97 theme higher 1360:1365 arg1 ratios 1372:1377 higher silk ratios 1360:1377 higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days 1360:1424 Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. 30954594 2 0 theme nitrous 346:352 arg1 cleavage 359:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 0 1 theme ultrasonic 71:80 arg1 power 82:86 ultrasonic power 71:86 ultrasonic power 71:86 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 8 2 theme anti-metastatic 1544:1558 arg1 effect 1560:1565 an anti-metastatic effect 1541:1565 an anti-metastatic effect 1541:1565 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 7 3 link -linked 1391:1397 arg1 units 1376:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 7 3 link -linked 1391:1397 arg1 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 5 4 theme physicochemical 1109:1123 arg1 process 1125:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 8 5 theme A549 1570:1573 arg1 cells 1575:1579 A549 cells 1570:1579 A549 cells 1570:1579 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 4 6 theme reaction 892:899 arg1 concentration 922:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration 888:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid 888:951 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 3 7 from method 880:885 arg1 reaction 812:819 the reaction 808:819 the reaction 808:819 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 7 from method 880:885 arg1 different 831:839 different 831:839 different 831:839 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 7 8 theme primary 1274:1280 arg1 structure 1282:1290 the primary structure 1270:1290 the primary structure 1270:1290 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 5 9 theme first-order 1146:1156 arg1 kinetics 1167:1174 first-order reaction kinetics 1146:1174 first-order reaction kinetics 1146:1174 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 8 10 contain have 1536:1539 arg1 LMWHs 1477:1481 the LMWHs 1473:1481 the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power 1473:1534 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 8 10 contain have 1536:1539 arg2 effect 1560:1565 an anti-metastatic effect 1541:1565 an anti-metastatic effect 1541:1565 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 1 11 theme serious 250:256 arg1 reactions 271:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 3 12 from amounts 657:663 arg1 acid 701:704 H2O2/ascorbic acid 687:704 H2O2/ascorbic acid 687:704 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 12 from amounts 657:663 arg1 power 721:725 ultrasonic power 710:725 ultrasonic power 710:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 5 13 theme reaction 1158:1165 arg1 kinetics 1167:1174 first-order reaction kinetics 1146:1174 first-order reaction kinetics 1146:1174 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 0 14 with acid 61:64 arg1 power 82:86 ultrasonic power 71:86 ultrasonic power 71:86 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 2 15 theme strong 392:397 arg1 conditions 408:417 strong reaction conditions 392:417 strong reaction conditions 392:417 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 0 16 theme anti-metastasis 96:110 arg1 property 112:119 its anti-metastasis property 92:119 its anti-metastasis property 92:119 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 2 17 theme saccharide 464:473 arg1 units 475:479 the saccharide units 460:479 the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone 460:514 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 8 18 dep suggested 1588:1596 arg1 have 1653:1656 have 1653:1656 suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function 1588:1703 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 4 19 theme ultrasonic 992:1001 arg1 power-were 1003:1012 ultrasonic power-were 992:1012 ultrasonic power-were 992:1012 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 8 20 theme metastatic 1685:1694 arg1 function 1696:1703 anti-tumor metastatic function 1674:1703 anti-tumor metastatic function 1674:1703 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 8 21 dep in 1442:1443 arg1 vitro 1445:1449 vitro 1445:1449 vitro 1445:1449 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 7 22 theme sulfate 1296:1302 arg1 esters 1304:1309 sulfate esters 1296:1309 sulfate esters 1296:1309 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 6 23 theme LMWHs 1230:1234 arg1 structures 1206:1215 structures 1206:1215 structures 1206:1215 The chemical composition and structures of different LMWHs were analyzed. 30954594 6 23 theme LMWHs 1230:1234 arg1 composition 1190:1200 chemical composition 1181:1200 chemical composition 1181:1200 The chemical composition and structures of different LMWHs were analyzed. 30954594 7 24 dep showed 1263:1268 arg1 preserved 1321:1329 preserved 1321:1329 preserved 1321:1329 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 1 25 theme adverse 258:264 arg1 reactions 271:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 5 26 theme combined 1100:1107 arg1 process 1125:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 3 27 from acid 701:704 arg1 amounts 657:663 large amounts 651:663 large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 651:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 27 from acid 701:704 arg1 radicals 673:680 free radicals 668:680 free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 668:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 6 28 theme different 1220:1228 arg1 LMWHs 1230:1234 different LMWHs 1220:1234 different LMWHs 1220:1234 The chemical composition and structures of different LMWHs were analyzed. 30954594 5 29 from behavior 1072:1079 arg1 process 1125:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 this combined physicochemical process 1095:1131 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 0 30 theme molecular 19:27 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 1 31 theme drug 266:269 arg1 reactions 271:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 serious adverse drug reactions 250:279 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 8 32 theme in 1442:1443 arg1 assays 1451:1456 The further in vitro assays 1430:1456 The further in vitro assays 1430:1456 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 0 33 theme low 15:17 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 4 34 theme acid 948:951 arg1 temperature 963:973 reaction temperature 954:973 reaction temperature 954:973 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 4 34 theme acid 948:951 arg1 concentration 922:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration 888:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid 888:951 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 4 34 theme acid 948:951 arg1 intensity 979:987 intensity 979:987 intensity 979:987 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 3 35 theme amounts 657:663 arg1 production 637:646 the production 633:646 the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 633:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 8 36 theme further 1434:1440 arg1 assays 1451:1456 The further in vitro assays 1430:1456 The further in vitro assays 1430:1456 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 1 37 theme anticoagulant 185:197 arg1 agent 199:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 37 theme anticoagulant 185:197 arg1 heparins 143:150 Low molecular weight heparins 122:150 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) 122:158 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 0 38 theme heparin 36:42 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power 0:86 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 0 38 theme heparin 36:42 arg1 property 112:119 its anti-metastasis property 92:119 its anti-metastasis property 92:119 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 3 39 theme pure 751:754 arg1 products 756:763 highly pure products 744:763 highly pure products 744:763 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 8 40 theme H2O2/ascorbic 1495:1507 arg1 acid 1509:1512 H2O2/ascorbic acid 1495:1512 H2O2/ascorbic acid 1495:1512 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 7 41 theme repeat 1369:1374 arg1 units 1376:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 7 41 theme repeat 1369:1374 arg1 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 7 42 theme major 1363:1367 arg1 units 1376:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 7 42 theme major 1363:1367 arg1 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 0 43 theme weight 29:34 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 8 44 theme physicochemical 1633:1647 arg1 way 1649:1651 this physicochemical way 1628:1651 this physicochemical way 1628:1651 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 4 45 theme reaction 954:961 arg1 temperature 963:973 reaction temperature 954:973 reaction temperature 954:973 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 8 46 theme ultrasonic 1519:1528 arg1 power 1530:1534 ultrasonic power 1519:1534 ultrasonic power 1519:1534 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 5 47 theme degradation 1060:1070 arg1 behavior 1072:1079 the degradation behavior 1056:1079 the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process 1056:1131 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 2 48 theme reaction 399:406 arg1 conditions 408:417 strong reaction conditions 392:417 strong reaction conditions 392:417 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 0 49 theme H2O2/ascorbic 47:59 arg1 acid 61:64 H2O2/ascorbic acid 47:64 H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power 47:86 Development of low molecular weight heparin by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power and its anti-metastasis property. 30954594 3 50 theme large 651:655 arg1 amounts 657:663 large amounts 651:663 large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 651:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 50 theme large 651:655 arg1 radicals 673:680 free radicals 668:680 free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 668:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 51 theme effective 585:593 arg1 method 595:600 an effective method 582:600 an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 582:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 6 52 theme chemical 1181:1188 arg1 composition 1190:1200 chemical composition 1181:1200 chemical composition 1181:1200 The chemical composition and structures of different LMWHs were analyzed. 30954594 3 53 from power 721:725 arg1 amounts 657:663 large amounts 651:663 large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 651:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 53 from power 721:725 arg1 radicals 673:680 free radicals 668:680 free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 668:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 54 theme ascorbic 773:780 arg1 acid 782:785 ascorbic acid 773:785 ascorbic acid 773:785 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 4 55 theme conditions-including 901:920 arg1 concentration 922:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration 888:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid 888:951 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 5 56 theme heparin 1084:1090 arg1 behavior 1072:1079 the degradation behavior 1056:1079 the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process 1056:1131 We found that the degradation behavior of heparin in this combined physicochemical process conformed to first-order reaction kinetics. 30954594 1 57 theme Low 122:124 arg1 agent 199:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 57 theme Low 122:124 arg1 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 57 theme Low 122:124 arg1 heparins 143:150 Low molecular weight heparins 122:150 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) 122:158 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 3 58 theme reported 861:868 arg1 method 880:885 the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method 846:885 the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method 846:885 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 6 59 dep composition 1190:1200 arg1 The 1177:1179 The 1177:1179 The 1177:1179 The chemical composition and structures of different LMWHs were analyzed. 30954594 4 60 theme ascorbic 939:946 arg1 acid 948:951 ascorbic acid 939:951 ascorbic acid 939:951 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 3 61 theme H2O2/ascorbic 687:699 arg1 acid 701:704 H2O2/ascorbic acid 687:704 H2O2/ascorbic acid 687:704 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 7 62 theme iduronic 1415:1422 arg1 acid 1424:1427 iduronic acid 1415:1427 iduronic acid 1415:1427 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 1 63 theme molecular 126:134 arg1 agent 199:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 63 theme molecular 126:134 arg1 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 63 theme molecular 126:134 arg1 heparins 143:150 Low molecular weight heparins 122:150 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) 122:158 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 3 64 theme H2O2/Cu2+ 870:878 arg1 method 880:885 the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method 846:885 the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method 846:885 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 1 65 theme unfractionated 211:224 arg1 UFH 235:237 UFH 235:237 UFH 235:237 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 65 theme unfractionated 211:224 arg1 heparin 226:232 unfractionated heparin 211:232 unfractionated heparin (UFH) 211:238 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 3 66 theme free 668:671 arg1 radicals 673:680 free radicals 668:680 free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 668:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 1 67 used used 174:177 arg2 agent 199:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 67 used used 174:177 arg2 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 67 used used 174:177 arg2 heparins 143:150 Low molecular weight heparins 122:150 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) 122:158 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 68 theme weight 136:141 arg1 agent 199:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 an anticoagulant agent 182:203 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 68 theme weight 136:141 arg1 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 LMWHs 153:157 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 1 68 theme weight 136:141 arg1 heparins 143:150 Low molecular weight heparins 122:150 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) 122:158 Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are currently used as an anticoagulant agent since unfractionated heparin (UFH) can cause serious adverse drug reactions. 30954594 2 69 theme different 320:328 arg1 methods 330:336 different methods 320:336 different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination 320:384 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 2 69 theme different 320:328 arg1 β-elimination 372:384 β-elimination 372:384 β-elimination 372:384 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 2 69 theme different 320:328 arg1 cleavage 359:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 2 70 theme polysaccharide 492:505 arg1 backbone 507:514 the polysaccharide backbone 488:514 the polysaccharide backbone 488:514 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 3 71 theme radicals 673:680 arg1 amounts 657:663 large amounts 651:663 large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 651:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 3 71 theme radicals 673:680 arg1 radicals 673:680 free radicals 668:680 free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power 668:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 7 72 theme -linked 1391:1397 arg1 units 1376:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 the major repeat units 1359:1380 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 7 72 theme -linked 1391:1397 arg1 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 glucosamine 1399:1409 The results showed the primary structure and sulfate esters were well preserved after the depolymerization, the major repeat units are (1-4)-linked glucosamine and iduronic acid. 30954594 8 73 theme anti-tumor 1674:1683 arg1 function 1696:1703 anti-tumor metastatic function 1674:1703 anti-tumor metastatic function 1674:1703 The further in vitro assays indicated that the LMWHs produced by H2O2/ascorbic acid with ultrasonic power have an anti-metastatic effect in A549 cells, which suggested the LMWHs rapidly prepared in this physicochemical way have a potential for anti-tumor metastatic function. 30954594 4 74 theme power-were 1003:1012 arg1 temperature 963:973 reaction temperature 954:973 reaction temperature 954:973 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 4 74 theme power-were 1003:1012 arg1 concentration 922:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration 888:934 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid 888:951 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 4 74 theme power-were 1003:1012 arg1 intensity 979:987 intensity 979:987 intensity 979:987 The reaction conditions-including concentration of ascorbic acid, reaction temperature and intensity of ultrasonic power-were investigated and optimized. 30954594 3 75 theme ultrasonic 710:719 arg1 power 721:725 ultrasonic power 710:725 ultrasonic power 710:725 This study demonstrates an effective method for depolymerizing heparin via the production of large amounts of free radicals from H2O2/ascorbic acid and ultrasonic power; this results in highly pure products because ascorbic acid can decompose during the reaction, which is different from the previously reported H2O2/Cu2+ method. 30954594 2 76 theme harsh 427:431 arg1 chemicals 433:441 harsh chemicals 427:441 harsh chemicals 427:441 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 30954594 2 77 theme acid 354:357 arg1 cleavage 359:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 nitrous acid cleavage 346:366 LMWHs are commercially prepared using different methods such as nitrous acid cleavage and β-elimination under strong reaction conditions or with harsh chemicals, which may cause the saccharide units within the polysaccharide backbone to be decomposed and noticeably modified. 29662977 8 0 theme structures 1603:1612 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 4 1 theme cross-linkable 715:728 arg1 biomaterials 730:741 ionically cross-linkable biomaterials 705:741 ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate) 705:758 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 7 2 theme in 1167:1168 arg1 formation 1175:1183 the in situ formation 1163:1183 the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets 1163:1205 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 4 3 theme hyaluronic 870:879 arg1 acid 881:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 1 4 theme tissue 171:176 arg1 formation 137:145 the in situ formation 125:145 the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions 125:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 8 5 dep in 1419:1420 arg1 situ 1422:1425 situ 1422:1425 situ 1422:1425 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 4 6 theme collagen 850:857 arg1 type 859:862 collagen type I 850:864 collagen type I 850:864 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 8 7 dep in 1523:1524 arg1 situ 1526:1529 situ 1526:1529 situ 1526:1529 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 1 8 theme skin 99:102 arg1 printer 104:110 a handheld skin printer 88:110 a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions 88:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 4 9 with mixtures 836:843 arg1 type 859:862 collagen type I 850:864 collagen type I 850:864 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 9 with mixtures 836:843 arg1 acid 881:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 8 10 theme range 1446:1450 arg1 delivery 1427:1434 the in situ delivery 1415:1434 the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1415:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 5 11 dep biomaterial 912:922 arg1 sheets 944:949 cell-laden sheets 933:949 cell-laden sheets 933:949 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 6 12 used used 1076:1079 arg2 Sheets 1013:1018 Sheets 1013:1018 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces 1013:1069 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 8 13 theme different 1455:1463 arg1 cells 1465:1469 different cells 1455:1469 different cells 1455:1469 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 0 14 theme planar 44:49 arg1 biomaterials 51:62 planar biomaterials 44:62 planar biomaterials 44:62 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 4 15 from mixtures 836:843 arg1 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 3 16 theme rollers 572:578 arg1 pair 564:567 a pair 562:567 a pair of rollers 562:578 Consistent sheet formation is achieved by coordinating the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered, with the speed at which a pair of rollers actively translate the cartridge along the surface. 29662977 4 17 dep alginate 750:757 arg1 e.g. 744:747 e.g. 744:747 e.g. 744:747 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 7 18 theme biomaterial 1188:1198 arg1 sheets 1200:1205 biomaterial sheets 1188:1205 biomaterial sheets 1188:1205 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 8 19 theme tissue 1490:1495 arg1 adhesives 1497:1505 tissue adhesives 1490:1505 tissue adhesives 1490:1505 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 3 20 theme Consistent 411:420 arg1 formation 428:436 Consistent sheet formation 411:436 Consistent sheet formation 411:436 Consistent sheet formation is achieved by coordinating the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered, with the speed at which a pair of rollers actively translate the cartridge along the surface. 29662977 5 21 theme cell-laden 933:942 arg1 sheets 944:949 cell-laden sheets 933:949 cell-laden sheets 933:949 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 6 22 theme horizontal 1035:1044 arg1 surfaces 1062:1069 horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces 1035:1069 horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces 1035:1069 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 0 23 theme biomaterials 51:62 arg1 formation 31:39 in situ formation 23:39 in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues 23:74 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 1 24 dep in 129:130 arg1 situ 132:135 situ 132:135 situ 132:135 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 0 25 theme Handheld 0:7 arg1 skin 9:12 Handheld skin 0:12 Handheld skin 0:12 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 5 26 theme rapid 892:896 arg1 crosslinking 898:909 rapid crosslinking 892:909 rapid crosslinking 892:909 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 7 27 theme wound 1319:1323 arg1 surfaces 1325:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces 1296:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion 1296:1371 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 8 28 theme presented 1388:1396 arg1 work 1398:1401 the presented work 1384:1401 the presented work 1384:1401 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 2 29 theme microfluidic 387:398 arg1 cartridge 400:408 a microfluidic cartridge 385:408 a microfluidic cartridge 385:408 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 4 30 dep fibrin 810:815 arg1 e.g. 804:807 e.g. 804:807 e.g. 804:807 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 1 31 dep biomaterial 150:160 arg1 sheets 178:183 sheets 178:183 sheets 178:183 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 0 32 theme in 23:24 arg1 formation 31:39 in situ formation 23:39 in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues 23:74 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 7 33 theme Proof-of-principle 1125:1142 arg1 demonstrations 1144:1157 Proof-of-principle demonstrations 1125:1157 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models 1125:1251 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 5 34 theme width 976:980 arg1 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 3 35 theme flow 470:473 arg1 rates 475:479 the flow rates 466:479 the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered 466:535 Consistent sheet formation is achieved by coordinating the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered, with the speed at which a pair of rollers actively translate the cartridge along the surface. 29662977 5 36 theme composition 986:996 arg1 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 2 37 dep biomaterial 352:362 arg1 sheet 374:378 sheet 374:378 sheet 374:378 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 4 38 from embedded 693:700 arg1 biomaterials 730:741 ionically cross-linkable biomaterials 705:741 ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate) 705:758 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 38 from embedded 693:700 arg1 proteins 794:801 enzymatically cross-linkable proteins 765:801 enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin) 765:816 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 38 from embedded 693:700 arg1 mixtures 836:843 their mixtures 830:843 their mixtures 830:843 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 1 39 theme different 188:196 arg1 compositions 226:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 8 40 theme organized 1556:1564 arg1 biomaterials 1566:1577 spatially organized biomaterials 1546:1577 spatially organized biomaterials 1546:1577 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 6 41 dep in 1098:1099 arg1 vitro 1101:1105 vitro 1101:1105 vitro 1101:1105 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 5 42 theme thickness 965:973 arg1 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 biomaterial 912:922 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 7 43 theme sheets 1200:1205 arg1 formation 1175:1183 the in situ formation 1163:1183 the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets 1163:1205 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 1 44 theme compositions 226:237 arg1 biomaterial 150:160 biomaterial 150:160 biomaterial 150:160 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 7 45 theme excisional 1229:1238 arg1 models 1246:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 2 46 theme target 273:278 arg1 surface 280:286 a target surface 271:286 a target surface 271:286 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 8 47 theme biohybrid 1593:1601 arg1 structures 1603:1612 biohybrid structures 1593:1612 biohybrid structures 1593:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 3 48 theme cross-linker 501:512 arg1 solution 514:521 cross-linker solution 501:521 cross-linker solution 501:521 Consistent sheet formation is achieved by coordinating the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered, with the speed at which a pair of rollers actively translate the cartridge along the surface. 29662977 4 49 with compatibility 647:659 arg1 cells 687:691 dermal and epidermal cells 666:691 dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid 666:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 2 50 theme compact 293:299 arg1 instrument 301:310 the compact instrument 289:310 the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) 289:327 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 2 50 theme compact 293:299 arg1 kg 325:326 weight <0.8 kg 313:326 weight <0.8 kg 313:326 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 1 51 theme biomaterial 150:160 arg1 formation 137:145 the in situ formation 125:145 the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions 125:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 0 52 dep in 23:24 arg1 situ 26:29 situ 26:29 situ 26:29 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 1 53 theme skin 166:169 arg1 tissue 171:176 skin tissue 166:176 skin tissue 166:176 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 8 54 theme wide 1441:1444 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 4 55 with biomaterials 730:741 arg1 type 859:862 collagen type I 850:864 collagen type I 850:864 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 55 with biomaterials 730:741 arg1 acid 881:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 1 56 theme handheld 90:97 arg1 printer 104:110 a handheld skin printer 88:110 a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions 88:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 4 57 theme epidermal 677:685 arg1 cells 687:691 dermal and epidermal cells 666:691 dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid 666:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 58 from proteins 794:801 arg1 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 8 59 theme cells 1465:1469 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 7 60 theme respiratory 1354:1364 arg1 motion 1366:1371 respiratory motion 1354:1371 respiratory motion 1354:1371 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 4 61 theme embedded 693:700 arg1 cells 687:691 dermal and epidermal cells 666:691 dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid 666:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 7 62 theme murine 1210:1215 arg1 models 1246:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 8 63 theme biomaterials 1472:1483 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 4 64 with proteins 794:801 arg1 type 859:862 collagen type I 850:864 collagen type I 850:864 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 4 64 with proteins 794:801 arg1 acid 881:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 hyaluronic acid 870:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 0 65 theme tissues 68:74 arg1 formation 31:39 in situ formation 23:39 in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues 23:74 Handheld skin printer: in situ formation of planar biomaterials and tissues. 29662977 1 66 theme in 129:130 arg1 formation 137:145 the in situ formation 125:145 the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions 125:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 7 67 from demonstrations 1144:1157 arg1 models 1246:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 4 68 theme dermal 666:671 arg1 cells 687:691 dermal and epidermal cells 666:691 dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid 666:884 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 8 69 theme adhesives 1497:1505 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 7 70 dep in 1167:1168 arg1 situ 1170:1173 situ 1170:1173 situ 1170:1173 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 3 71 theme sheet 422:426 arg1 formation 428:436 Consistent sheet formation 411:436 Consistent sheet formation 411:436 Consistent sheet formation is achieved by coordinating the flow rates at which bioink and cross-linker solution are delivered, with the speed at which a pair of rollers actively translate the cartridge along the surface. 29662977 4 72 from biomaterials 730:741 arg1 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 embedded 693:700 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 7 73 theme compliant 1309:1317 arg1 surfaces 1325:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces 1296:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion 1296:1371 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 4 74 theme cross-linkable 779:792 arg1 proteins 794:801 enzymatically cross-linkable proteins 765:801 enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin) 765:816 We demonstrate compatibility with dermal and epidermal cells embedded in ionically cross-linkable biomaterials (e.g., alginate), and enzymatically cross-linkable proteins (e.g., fibrin), as well as their mixtures with collagen type I and hyaluronic acid. 29662977 7 75 theme inclined 1296:1303 arg1 surfaces 1325:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces 1296:1332 inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion 1296:1371 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 8 76 theme in 1523:1524 arg1 fabrication 1531:1541 the in situ fabrication 1519:1541 the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials 1519:1577 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 6 77 dep horizontal 1035:1044 arg1 agarose-coated 1047:1060 agarose-coated 1047:1060 agarose-coated 1047:1060 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 8 78 theme fabrication 1531:1541 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 6 79 theme in 1098:1099 arg1 characterization 1107:1122 physical and in vitro characterization 1085:1122 physical and in vitro characterization 1085:1122 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 2 80 theme weight 313:318 arg1 instrument 301:310 the compact instrument 289:310 the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) 289:327 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 2 80 theme weight 313:318 arg1 kg 325:326 weight <0.8 kg 313:326 weight <0.8 kg 313:326 When manually positioned above a target surface, the compact instrument (weight <0.8 kg) conformally deposits a biomaterial or tissue sheet from a microfluidic cartridge. 29662977 6 81 theme physical 1085:1092 arg1 characterization 1107:1122 physical and in vitro characterization 1085:1122 physical and in vitro characterization 1085:1122 Sheets deposited onto horizontal, agarose-coated surfaces were used for physical and in vitro characterization. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 adhesives 1497:1505 tissue adhesives 1490:1505 tissue adhesives 1490:1505 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 tissues 1580:1586 tissues 1580:1586 tissues 1580:1586 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 fabrication 1531:1541 the in situ fabrication 1519:1541 the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials 1519:1577 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 biomaterials 1472:1483 biomaterials 1472:1483 biomaterials 1472:1483 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 structures 1603:1612 biohybrid structures 1593:1612 biohybrid structures 1593:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 82 theme biomaterials 1566:1577 arg1 cells 1465:1469 different cells 1455:1469 different cells 1455:1469 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 1 83 theme homogeneous 198:208 arg1 compositions 226:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 29662977 5 84 theme consistent 954:963 arg1 thickness 965:973 consistent thickness 954:973 consistent thickness 954:973 Upon rapid crosslinking, biomaterial and skin cell-laden sheets of consistent thickness, width and composition were obtained. 29662977 7 85 theme wound 1240:1244 arg1 models 1246:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 murine and porcine excisional wound models 1210:1251 Proof-of-principle demonstrations for the in situ formation of biomaterial sheets in murine and porcine excisional wound models illustrate the capacity of depositing onto inclined and compliant wound surfaces that are subject to respiratory motion. 29662977 8 86 theme tissues 1580:1586 arg1 range 1446:1450 a wide range 1439:1450 a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1439:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 8 87 theme in 1419:1420 arg1 delivery 1427:1434 the in situ delivery 1415:1434 the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures 1415:1612 We expect the presented work will enable the in situ delivery of a wide range of different cells, biomaterials, and tissue adhesives, as well as the in situ fabrication of spatially organized biomaterials, tissues, and biohybrid structures. 29662977 1 88 theme architected 214:224 arg1 compositions 226:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 different homogeneous and architected compositions 188:237 We present a handheld skin printer that enables the in situ formation of biomaterial and skin tissue sheets of different homogeneous and architected compositions. 30269339 2 0 theme deep 335:338 arg1 hydrolysis 349:358 deep alkaline hydrolysis 335:358 deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) 335:406 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 6 1 gly heterogeneity 1098:1110 arg1 κ-carrageenan 1115:1127 κ-carrageenan 1115:1127 κ-carrageenan 1115:1127 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 4 2 theme double-dialysis 641:655 arg1 procedure 657:665 a double-dialysis procedure 639:665 a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl) 639:712 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 5 3 theme dipole-dipole 903:915 arg1 interactions 917:928 attractive dipole-dipole interactions 892:928 attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends 892:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 5 4 theme reducing 1023:1030 arg1 ends 1032:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 3 5 theme κ-carrageenans 583:596 arg1 hydrolysis 569:578 the alkaline hydrolysis 556:578 the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans 556:596 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 4 6 theme coil-like 761:769 arg1 κ-carrageenans 771:784 coil-like κ-carrageenans 761:784 coil-like κ-carrageenans 761:784 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 3 7 theme κ-carrageenans 484:497 arg1 DLS 467:469 DLS 467:469 DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans 467:497 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 2 8 theme electrophoretic 280:294 arg1 DLS 296:298 electrophoretic DLS 280:298 electrophoretic DLS 280:298 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 4 9 dep water 682:686 arg1 first 668:672 first 668:672 first 668:672 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 6 10 theme ι-carrageenan 1157:1169 arg1 blocks 1171:1176 ι-carrageenan blocks 1157:1176 ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis 1157:1215 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 2 11 from effect 325:330 arg1 macromolecules 425:438 κ-carrageenan macromolecules 411:438 κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation 411:461 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 4 12 theme M 706:706 arg1 NaCl 708:711 0.1 M NaCl 702:711 0.1 M NaCl 702:711 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 5 13 theme attractive 892:901 arg1 interactions 917:928 attractive dipole-dipole interactions 892:928 attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends 892:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 2 14 dep hydrolysis 349:358 arg1 pH = 368:371 pH = 10 368:374 pH = 10 during Th = 60 368:389 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 14 dep hydrolysis 349:358 arg1 75 392:393 75 392:393 75 392:393 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 14 dep hydrolysis 349:358 arg1 90 min 400:405 90 min 400:405 90 min 400:405 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 14 dep hydrolysis 349:358 arg1 95 °C 361:365 95 °C 361:365 95 °C 361:365 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 1 15 theme alkaline 172:179 arg1 hydrolysis 181:190 an alkaline hydrolysis 169:190 an alkaline hydrolysis 169:190 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 2 16 theme κ-carrageenan 411:423 arg1 macromolecules 425:438 κ-carrageenan macromolecules 411:438 κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation 411:461 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 3 17 theme coil-like 474:482 arg1 κ-carrageenans 484:497 coil-like κ-carrageenans 474:497 coil-like κ-carrageenans 474:497 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 4 18 theme DLS 800:802 arg1 distributions 804:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 1 19 theme linear 87:92 arg1 polysaccharide 119:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide 85:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis 85:190 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 1 19 theme linear 87:92 arg1 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 7 20 theme progressive 1258:1268 arg1 decrease 1270:1277 the progressive decrease 1254:1277 the progressive decrease of molecular mass 1254:1295 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 4 21 theme unimodal 791:798 arg1 distributions 804:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 1 22 theme sulfated 94:101 arg1 polysaccharide 119:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide 85:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis 85:190 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 1 22 theme sulfated 94:101 arg1 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 7 23 theme molecular 1282:1290 arg1 mass 1292:1295 molecular mass 1282:1295 molecular mass 1282:1295 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 6 24 theme second 1042:1047 arg1 type 1049:1052 The second type 1038:1052 The second type of stickers 1038:1064 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 8 25 theme aggregates 1485:1494 arg1 formation 1462:1470 the formation 1458:1470 the formation of permanent aggregates 1458:1494 Lowering the temperature and increasing concentration during lyophilization strengthened the intermolecular junctions, leading to the formation of permanent aggregates. 30269339 8 26 theme permanent 1475:1483 arg1 aggregates 1485:1494 permanent aggregates 1475:1494 permanent aggregates 1475:1494 Lowering the temperature and increasing concentration during lyophilization strengthened the intermolecular junctions, leading to the formation of permanent aggregates. 30269339 8 27 theme intermolecular 1421:1434 arg1 junctions 1436:1444 the intermolecular junctions 1417:1444 the intermolecular junctions 1417:1444 Lowering the temperature and increasing concentration during lyophilization strengthened the intermolecular junctions, leading to the formation of permanent aggregates. 30269339 1 28 theme anionic 103:109 arg1 polysaccharide 119:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide 85:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis 85:190 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 1 28 theme anionic 103:109 arg1 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 0 29 theme κ-carrageenan 15:27 arg1 Association 0:10 Association 0:10 Association of κ-carrageenan 0:27 Association of κ-carrageenan subjected to deep alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 5 30 theme condensed 958:966 arg1 counter-ions 968:979 condensed counter-ions 958:979 condensed counter-ions 958:979 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 6 31 theme blocks 1171:1176 arg1 traces 1147:1152 the traces 1143:1152 the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis 1143:1215 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 1 32 theme gelling 111:117 arg1 polysaccharide 119:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide 85:132 a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis 85:190 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 1 32 theme gelling 111:117 arg1 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan 68:80 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 2 33 theme Th 383:384 arg1 = 60 386:389 Th = 60 383:389 Th = 60 383:389 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 0 34 theme deep 42:45 arg1 hydrolysis 56:65 deep alkaline hydrolysis 42:65 deep alkaline hydrolysis 42:65 Association of κ-carrageenan subjected to deep alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 2 35 from macromolecules 425:438 arg1 conformation 450:461 a coil conformation 443:461 a coil conformation 443:461 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 5 36 theme carboxyl 1000:1007 arg1 groups 1009:1014 carboxyl groups 1000:1014 carboxyl groups of the reducing ends 1000:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 5 36 theme carboxyl 1000:1007 arg1 ends 1032:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 3 37 theme spurious 525:532 arg1 aggregates 544:553 spurious permanent aggregates 525:553 spurious permanent aggregates 525:553 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 6 38 theme stickers 1057:1064 arg1 type 1049:1052 The second type 1038:1052 The second type of stickers 1038:1064 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 7 39 theme association 1315:1325 arg1 decrease 1270:1277 the progressive decrease 1254:1277 the progressive decrease of molecular mass 1254:1295 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 7 39 theme association 1315:1325 arg1 growth 1305:1310 the growth 1301:1310 the growth of association 1301:1325 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 4 40 theme dilute 741:746 arg1 solutions 748:756 dilute solutions 741:756 dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions 741:816 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 7 41 theme mass 1292:1295 arg1 decrease 1270:1277 the progressive decrease 1254:1277 the progressive decrease of molecular mass 1254:1295 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 7 41 theme mass 1292:1295 arg1 growth 1305:1310 the growth 1301:1310 the growth of association 1301:1325 With increasing Th we observed both the progressive decrease of molecular mass and the growth of association. 30269339 5 42 theme ends 1032:1035 arg1 groups 1009:1014 carboxyl groups 1000:1014 carboxyl groups of the reducing ends 1000:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 5 42 theme ends 1032:1035 arg1 ends 1032:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 the reducing ends 1019:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 3 43 theme permanent 534:542 arg1 aggregates 544:553 spurious permanent aggregates 525:553 spurious permanent aggregates 525:553 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 6 44 theme compositional 1084:1096 arg1 heterogeneity 1098:1110 the compositional heterogeneity 1080:1110 the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan 1080:1127 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 0 45 theme alkaline 47:54 arg1 hydrolysis 56:65 deep alkaline hydrolysis 42:65 deep alkaline hydrolysis 42:65 Association of κ-carrageenan subjected to deep alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 4 46 theme κ-carrageenans 771:784 arg1 solutions 748:756 dilute solutions 741:756 dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions 741:816 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 2 47 theme dynamic 215:221 arg1 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 47 theme dynamic 215:221 arg1 scattering 229:238 static and dynamic light scattering 204:238 static and dynamic light scattering (DLS) 204:244 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 48 theme light 223:227 arg1 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 48 theme light 223:227 arg1 scattering 229:238 static and dynamic light scattering 204:238 static and dynamic light scattering (DLS) 204:244 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 6 49 theme κ-carrageenan 1115:1127 arg1 heterogeneity 1098:1110 the compositional heterogeneity 1080:1110 the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan 1080:1127 The second type of stickers resulted from the compositional heterogeneity of κ-carrageenan, namely, from the traces of ι-carrageenan blocks which amount increased with hydrolysis. 30269339 1 50 theme seaweed 152:158 arg1 algae 160:164 red seaweed algae 148:164 red seaweed algae 148:164 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 5 51 theme groups 1009:1014 arg1 vicinity 988:995 the vicinity 984:995 the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends 984:1035 Association that started with increasing concentration was attributed to attractive dipole-dipole interactions between ion-pairs formed by condensed counter-ions in the vicinity of carboxyl groups of the reducing ends. 30269339 4 52 theme 0.1 702:704 arg1 M 706:706 M 706:706 M 706:706 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 2 53 theme static 204:209 arg1 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 DLS 241:243 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 53 theme static 204:209 arg1 scattering 229:238 static and dynamic light scattering 204:238 static and dynamic light scattering (DLS) 204:244 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 2 54 theme capillary 247:255 arg1 viscometry 257:266 capillary viscometry 247:266 capillary viscometry 247:266 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 1 55 theme red 148:150 arg1 algae 160:164 red seaweed algae 148:164 red seaweed algae 148:164 κ-carrageenan is a linear sulfated anionic gelling polysaccharide obtained from red seaweed algae by an alkaline hydrolysis. 30269339 2 56 theme coil 445:448 arg1 conformation 450:461 a coil conformation 443:461 a coil conformation 443:461 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 3 57 theme alkaline 560:567 arg1 hydrolysis 569:578 the alkaline hydrolysis 556:578 the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans 556:596 As DLS of coil-like κ-carrageenans is usually complicated by spurious permanent aggregates, the alkaline hydrolysis of κ-carrageenans has not been studied by DLS. 30269339 2 58 theme hydrolysis 349:358 arg1 effect 325:330 the effect 321:330 the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation 321:461 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 30269339 4 59 with solutions 748:756 arg1 distributions 804:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 unimodal DLS distributions 791:816 By applying a double-dialysis procedure (first against water, then against 0.1 M NaCl), we succeeded in obtaining dilute solutions of coil-like κ-carrageenans with unimodal DLS distributions. 30269339 2 60 theme alkaline 340:347 arg1 hydrolysis 349:358 deep alkaline hydrolysis 335:358 deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) 335:406 We applied static and dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, FT-IR, and electrophoretic DLS to gain insight into the effect of deep alkaline hydrolysis (95 °C, pH = 10 during Th = 60, 75, and 90 min) on κ-carrageenan macromolecules in a coil conformation. 29769378 4 0 theme small 814:818 arg1 intestine 820:828 the small intestine 810:828 the small intestine 810:828 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 6 1 from component 1369:1377 arg1 diet 1392:1395 the human diet 1382:1395 the human diet 1382:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 6 2 theme human 1386:1390 arg1 diet 1392:1395 the human diet 1382:1395 the human diet 1382:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 2 3 from impacts 276:282 arg1 function 295:302 colonic function 287:302 colonic function 287:302 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 3 from impacts 276:282 arg1 health 313:318 host health 308:318 host health 308:318 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 9 4 from changes 1732:1738 arg1 colon 1763:1767 our model colon 1753:1767 our model colon 1753:1767 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 9 5 theme model 1757:1761 arg1 colon 1763:1767 our model colon 1753:1767 our model colon 1753:1767 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 6 6 theme microbial 1172:1180 arg1 communities 1182:1192 defined microbial communities 1164:1192 defined microbial communities 1164:1192 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 10 7 with foods 1991:1995 arg1 properties 2023:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 3 8 dep in 512:513 arg1 vitro 515:519 vitro 515:519 vitro 515:519 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 10 9 theme important 1898:1906 arg1 implications 1908:1919 important implications 1898:1919 important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties 1898:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 4 10 theme distinct 864:871 arg1 changes 873:879 substantial and distinct changes 848:879 substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products 848:926 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 2 11 theme small 175:179 arg1 digestion 192:200 small intestinal digestion 175:200 small intestinal digestion 175:200 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 8 12 theme porcine 1565:1571 arg1 feces 1573:1577 porcine feces 1565:1577 porcine feces 1565:1577 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 3 13 theme fermentation 521:532 arg1 model 534:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 10 14 theme improved 2002:2009 arg1 properties 2023:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 8 15 with starches 1637:1644 arg1 structures 1651:1660 structures 1651:1660 structures typical of those found in foods 1651:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 3 16 theme fermentation 706:717 arg1 outcomes 719:726 fermentation outcomes 706:726 fermentation outcomes 706:726 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 3 17 theme in 512:513 arg1 model 534:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 1 18 theme human 100:104 arg1 diet 106:109 the human diet 96:109 the human diet 96:109 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 4 19 theme substantial 848:858 arg1 changes 873:879 substantial and distinct changes 848:879 substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products 848:926 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 9 20 theme substrate 1814:1822 arg1 structure 1797:1805 the structure 1793:1805 the structure of the substrate 1793:1822 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 10 21 theme foods 1991:1995 arg1 design 1981:1986 the design 1977:1986 the design of foods with improved nutritional properties 1977:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 2 22 theme microbial 433:441 arg1 community 443:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 8 23 theme typical 1662:1668 arg1 structures 1651:1660 structures 1651:1660 structures typical of those found in foods 1651:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 6 24 theme nutritive 1293:1301 arg1 value 1303:1307 nutritive value 1293:1307 nutritive value 1293:1307 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 8 25 theme those 1673:1677 arg1 typical 1662:1668 typical 1662:1668 typical 1662:1668 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 1 26 theme diverse 130:136 arg1 forms 138:142 diverse forms 130:142 diverse forms 130:142 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 5 27 from RS 1034:1035 arg1 foods 1040:1044 foods 1040:1044 foods 1040:1044 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 9 28 theme colonic 1860:1866 arg1 starch 1847:1852 the starch 1843:1852 accessible the starch 1832:1852 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 9 28 theme colonic 1860:1866 arg1 microbes 1868:1875 colonic microbes 1860:1875 colonic microbes 1860:1875 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 5 29 from forms 1025:1029 arg1 foods 1040:1044 foods 1040:1044 foods 1040:1044 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 1 30 theme major 70:74 arg1 Starch 58:63 Starch 58:63 Starch 58:63 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 1 30 theme major 70:74 arg1 source 76:81 a major source 68:81 a major source of energy in the human diet 68:109 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 2 31 theme physical 388:395 arg1 forms 397:401 different physical forms 378:401 different physical forms of food starch 378:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 0 32 theme Food 0:3 arg1 Structure 12:20 Food Starch Structure 0:20 Food Starch Structure 0:20 Food Starch Structure Impacts Gut Microbiome Composition. 29769378 2 33 theme nanoscale 355:363 arg1 structure 365:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure 340:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch 340:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 5 34 from foods 1040:1044 arg1 forms 1025:1029 not all forms 1017:1029 not all forms of RS in foods 1017:1044 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 2 35 theme starch 411:416 arg1 forms 397:401 different physical forms 378:401 different physical forms of food starch 378:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 36 theme Resistant 145:153 arg1 RS 163:164 RS 163:164 RS 163:164 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 36 theme Resistant 145:153 arg1 starch 155:160 Resistant starch 145:160 Resistant starch (RS) 145:165 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 37 theme micro- 344:349 arg1 structure 365:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure 340:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch 340:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 0 38 theme Gut 30:32 arg1 Composition 45:55 Gut Microbiome Composition 30:55 Gut Microbiome Composition 30:55 Food Starch Structure Impacts Gut Microbiome Composition. 29769378 5 39 theme same 1079:1082 arg1 way 1084:1086 the same way 1075:1086 the same way 1075:1086 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 5 40 theme starch 969:974 arg1 processes 989:997 starch fermentation processes 969:997 starch fermentation processes 969:997 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 2 41 theme broader 425:431 arg1 community 443:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 4 42 theme starch 777:782 arg1 forms 768:772 three characteristic food forms 742:772 three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each 742:833 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 6 43 theme benefits.IMPORTANCE 1323:1341 arg1 starch 1351:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 6 43 theme benefits.IMPORTANCE 1323:1341 arg1 component 1369:1377 a major component 1361:1377 a major component in the human diet 1361:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 5 44 theme processes 989:997 arg1 complexity 955:964 the complexity 951:964 the complexity of starch fermentation processes 951:997 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 7 45 theme starch 1418:1423 arg1 proportion 1400:1409 A proportion 1398:1409 A proportion of the starch in our diet 1398:1435 A proportion of the starch in our diet escapes digestion in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon. 29769378 9 46 theme microbial 1712:1720 arg1 dependent 1780:1788 dependent 1780:1788 dependent 1780:1788 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 9 46 theme microbial 1712:1720 arg1 changes 1732:1738 the microbial community changes 1708:1738 the microbial community changes over time in our model colon 1708:1767 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 4 47 theme characteristic 748:761 arg1 forms 768:772 three characteristic food forms 742:772 three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each 742:833 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 2 48 theme host 308:311 arg1 health 313:318 host health 308:318 host health 308:318 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 3 49 theme key 634:636 arg1 species 649:655 the key amylolytic species 630:655 the key amylolytic species 630:655 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 2 50 theme resident 239:246 arg1 microbiota 248:257 the resident microbiota 235:257 the resident microbiota 235:257 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 7 51 from digestion 1445:1453 arg1 intestine 1468:1476 the small intestine 1458:1476 the small intestine 1458:1476 A proportion of the starch in our diet escapes digestion in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon. 29769378 6 52 theme defined 1164:1170 arg1 communities 1182:1192 defined microbial communities 1164:1192 defined microbial communities 1164:1192 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 2 53 theme beneficial 265:274 arg1 impacts 276:282 beneficial impacts 265:282 beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health 265:318 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 6 54 theme gut 1266:1268 arg1 microbiome 1270:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 3 55 theme digestion 683:691 arg1 kinetics 693:700 digestion kinetics 683:700 digestion kinetics 683:700 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 4 56 from changes 873:879 arg1 products 919:926 fermentation products 906:926 fermentation products 906:926 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 4 56 from changes 873:879 arg1 microbiome 888:897 the microbiome 884:897 the microbiome 884:897 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 4 57 dep forms 768:772 arg1 each 830:833 each 830:833 each 830:833 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 7 58 from proportion 1400:1409 arg1 diet 1432:1435 our diet 1428:1435 our diet 1428:1435 A proportion of the starch in our diet escapes digestion in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon. 29769378 6 59 theme tailored 1140:1147 arg1 degradation 1149:1159 tailored degradation 1140:1159 tailored degradation by defined microbial communities 1140:1192 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 10 60 theme nutritional 2011:2021 arg1 properties 2023:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 improved nutritional properties 2002:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 6 61 theme substrate 1231:1239 arg1 structure 1241:1249 substrate structure 1231:1249 substrate structure 1231:1249 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 5 62 theme RS 1034:1035 arg1 forms 1025:1029 not all forms 1017:1029 not all forms of RS in foods 1017:1044 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 3 63 theme porcine 504:510 arg1 model 534:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 a porcine in vitro fermentation model 502:538 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 6 64 theme RS 1132:1133 arg1 design 1122:1127 the design 1118:1127 the design of RS 1118:1133 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 8 65 theme variety 1626:1632 arg1 fermentation 1608:1619 the fermentation 1604:1619 the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods 1604:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 6 66 theme health 1316:1321 arg1 starch 1351:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 6 66 theme health 1316:1321 arg1 component 1369:1377 a major component 1361:1377 a major component in the human diet 1361:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 8 67 theme starches 1637:1644 arg1 variety 1626:1632 a variety 1624:1632 a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods 1624:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 8 67 theme starches 1637:1644 arg1 starches 1637:1644 starches 1637:1644 starches with structures typical of those found in foods 1637:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 8 68 located found 1679:1683 arg2 those 1673:1677 those 1673:1677 those 1673:1677 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 8 68 located found 1679:1683 arg1 foods 1688:1692 foods 1688:1692 foods 1688:1692 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 4 69 theme fermentation 906:917 arg1 products 919:926 fermentation products 906:926 fermentation products 906:926 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 9 70 theme accessible 1832:1841 arg1 starch 1847:1852 the starch 1843:1852 accessible the starch 1832:1852 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 9 70 theme accessible 1832:1841 arg1 microbes 1868:1875 colonic microbes 1860:1875 colonic microbes 1860:1875 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 7 71 theme small 1462:1466 arg1 intestine 1468:1476 the small intestine 1458:1476 the small intestine 1458:1476 A proportion of the starch in our diet escapes digestion in the small intestine and is fermented in the colon. 29769378 4 72 from digestion 797:805 arg1 intestine 820:828 the small intestine 810:828 the small intestine 810:828 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 1 73 from source 76:81 arg1 diet 106:109 the human diet 96:109 the human diet 96:109 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 0 74 theme Starch 5:10 arg1 Structure 12:20 Food Starch Structure 0:20 Food Starch Structure 0:20 Food Starch Structure Impacts Gut Microbiome Composition. 29769378 2 75 theme intestinal 181:190 arg1 digestion 192:200 small intestinal digestion 175:200 small intestinal digestion 175:200 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 76 theme different 378:386 arg1 forms 397:401 different physical forms 378:401 different physical forms of food starch 378:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 6 77 theme major 1363:1367 arg1 starch 1351:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 6 77 theme major 1363:1367 arg1 component 1369:1377 a major component 1361:1377 a major component in the human diet 1361:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 1 78 theme energy 86:91 arg1 Starch 58:63 Starch 58:63 Starch 58:63 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 1 78 theme energy 86:91 arg1 source 76:81 a major source 68:81 a major source of energy in the human diet 68:109 Starch is a major source of energy in the human diet and is consumed in diverse forms. 29769378 2 79 theme structure 365:373 arg1 impacts 329:335 the impacts 325:335 the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community 325:451 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 10 80 contain have 1893:1896 arg2 implications 1908:1919 important implications 1898:1919 important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties 1898:2032 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 10 80 contain have 1893:1896 arg1 findings 1884:1891 These findings 1878:1891 These findings 1878:1891 These findings have important implications for how we classify starches reaching the colon and for the design of foods with improved nutritional properties. 29769378 0 81 theme Microbiome 34:43 arg1 Composition 45:55 Gut Microbiome Composition 30:55 Gut Microbiome Composition 30:55 Food Starch Structure Impacts Gut Microbiome Composition. 29769378 2 82 theme food 406:409 arg1 starch 411:416 food starch 406:416 food starch 406:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 3 83 theme starch 558:563 arg1 structure 565:573 starch structure 558:573 starch structure 558:573 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 4 84 theme food 763:766 arg1 forms 768:772 three characteristic food forms 742:772 three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each 742:833 We show that three characteristic food forms of starch that survive digestion in the small intestine each give rise to substantial and distinct changes in the microbiome and in fermentation products. 29769378 6 85 theme Dietary 1343:1349 arg1 starch 1351:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch 1316:1356 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 6 85 theme Dietary 1343:1349 arg1 component 1369:1377 a major component 1361:1377 a major component in the human diet 1361:1395 This work points the way for the design of RS with tailored degradation by defined microbial communities, informed by an understanding of how substrate structure influences the gut microbiome, to improve nutritive value and/or health benefits.IMPORTANCE Dietary starch is a major component in the human diet. 29769378 5 86 theme fermentation 976:987 arg1 processes 989:997 starch fermentation processes 969:997 starch fermentation processes 969:997 Our results highlight the complexity of starch fermentation processes and indicate that not all forms of RS in foods are degraded or fermented in the same way. 29769378 2 87 theme forms 397:401 arg1 structure 365:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure 340:373 the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch 340:416 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 88 theme colonic 287:293 arg1 function 295:302 colonic function 287:302 colonic function 287:302 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 2 89 from impacts 329:335 arg1 community 443:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 the broader microbial community 421:451 Resistant starch (RS) escapes small intestinal digestion and is fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota, with beneficial impacts on colonic function and host health, but the impacts of the micro- and nanoscale structure of different physical forms of food starch on the broader microbial community have not been described previously. 29769378 3 90 theme microbiome 596:605 arg1 composition 607:617 microbiome composition 596:617 microbiome composition 596:617 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 29769378 8 91 theme colon 1546:1550 arg1 model 1533:1537 a model 1531:1537 a model 1531:1537 In this study, we use a model of the colon, seeded with porcine feces, in which we investigate the fermentation of a variety of starches with structures typical of those found in foods. 29769378 9 92 theme community 1722:1730 arg1 dependent 1780:1788 dependent 1780:1788 dependent 1780:1788 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 9 92 theme community 1722:1730 arg1 changes 1732:1738 the microbial community changes 1708:1738 the microbial community changes over time in our model colon 1708:1767 We show that the microbial community changes over time in our model colon are highly dependent on the structure of the substrate and how accessible the starch is to colonic microbes. 29769378 3 93 theme amylolytic 638:647 arg1 species 649:655 the key amylolytic species 630:655 the key amylolytic species 630:655 Here, we use a porcine in vitro fermentation model to establish that starch structure dramatically impacts microbiome composition, including the key amylolytic species, and markedly alters both digestion kinetics and fermentation outcomes. 30553320 9 0 theme scale 1071:1075 arg1 gelatin 1077:1083 tilapia scale gelatin 1063:1083 tilapia scale gelatin 1063:1083 Therefore, the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM can be utilized for hard capsules. 30553320 9 1 used utilized 1100:1107 arg2 materials 1045:1053 the composite materials 1031:1053 the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM 1031:1091 Therefore, the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM can be utilized for hard capsules. 30553320 1 2 theme konjac 226:231 arg1 glucomannan 233:243 konjac glucomannan 226:243 konjac glucomannan (KGM) 226:249 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 1 2 theme konjac 226:231 arg1 KGM 246:248 KGM 246:248 KGM 246:248 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 8 3 theme 3-5 min 961:967 arg1 range 952:956 range 952:956 range of 3-5 min 952:967 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 8 4 dep time 941:944 arg1 range 952:956 range 952:956 range of 3-5 min 952:967 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 2 5 theme Rheological 252:262 arg1 behaviors 264:272 Rheological behaviors 252:272 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) 252:341 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 3 6 located observed 476:483 arg2 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 6 located observed 476:483 arg2 values 374:379 The highest values 362:379 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) 362:465 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 6 located observed 476:483 arg1 solution 500:507 the gelatin solution 488:507 the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM 488:528 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 4 7 theme break 575:579 arg1 EAB 582:584 break (EAB) 575:585 break (EAB) 575:585 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 2 8 from levels 307:312 arg1 KGM 290:292 KGM 290:292 KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) 290:341 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 3 9 theme melting 430:436 arg1 39.7 ± 0.11 °C 451:464 39.7 ± 0.11 °C 451:464 39.7 ± 0.11 °C 451:464 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 9 theme melting 430:436 arg1 temperature 438:448 melting temperature 430:448 melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) 430:465 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 1 10 theme novel 147:151 arg1 material 153:160 A novel material 145:160 A novel material for making capsules 145:180 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 3 11 with solution 500:507 arg1 KGM 526:528 0.15% (w/w) KGM 514:528 0.15% (w/w) KGM 514:528 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 12 theme temperature 438:448 arg1 values 374:379 The highest values 362:379 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) 362:465 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 12 theme temperature 438:448 arg1 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 0 13 theme hard 6:9 arg1 capsule 11:17 Novel hard capsule 0:17 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 0:61 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 8 14 theme dissolution 890:900 arg1 test 902:905 Drug dissolution test 885:905 Drug dissolution test in vitro 885:914 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 0 15 dep gelatin 69:75 arg1 glucomannan 88:98 glucomannan 88:98 glucomannan 88:98 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 0 16 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 capsule 11:17 Novel hard capsule 0:17 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 0:61 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 8 17 theme Drug 885:888 arg1 test 902:905 Drug dissolution test 885:905 Drug dissolution test in vitro 885:914 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 0 18 dep scale 63:67 arg1 dissolution 132:142 in vitro dissolution 123:142 in vitro dissolution 123:142 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 0 18 dep scale 63:67 arg1 Characterization 101:116 Characterization 101:116 Characterization 101:116 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 1 19 theme making 166:171 arg1 capsules 173:180 making capsules 166:180 making capsules 166:180 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 8 20 theme drugs 985:989 arg1 % 976:976 80% 974:976 80% of the drugs 974:989 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 8 20 theme drugs 985:989 arg1 drugs 985:989 the drugs 981:989 the drugs 981:989 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 5 21 theme contact 648:654 arg1 angle 656:660 The water contact angle 638:660 The water contact angle 638:660 The water contact angle was enhanced with the increasing of KGM, indicating the decrease of the film hydrophilicity. 30553320 2 22 theme gelatin 277:283 arg1 behaviors 264:272 Rheological behaviors 252:272 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) 252:341 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 2 23 dep levels 307:312 arg1 % 318:318 0.1% 315:318 0.1% 315:318 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 2 23 dep levels 307:312 arg1 % 325:325 0.15% 321:325 0.15% 321:325 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 2 23 dep levels 307:312 arg1 w/w 338:340 w/w 338:340 w/w 338:340 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 2 23 dep levels 307:312 arg1 % 335:335 0.2% 332:335 0.2% 332:335 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 5 24 theme hydrophilicity 739:752 arg1 decrease 718:725 the decrease 714:725 the decrease of the film hydrophilicity 714:752 The water contact angle was enhanced with the increasing of KGM, indicating the decrease of the film hydrophilicity. 30553320 0 25 theme in 123:124 arg1 dissolution 132:142 in vitro dissolution 123:142 in vitro dissolution 123:142 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 3 26 theme gelatin 492:498 arg1 solution 500:507 the gelatin solution 488:507 the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM 488:528 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 27 theme highest 366:372 arg1 values 374:379 The highest values 362:379 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) 362:465 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 27 theme highest 366:372 arg1 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 4 28 theme tensile 535:541 arg1 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 4 28 theme tensile 535:541 arg1 strength 543:550 The tensile strength 531:550 The tensile strength (TS) 531:555 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 7 29 theme % 843:843 arg1 KGM 845:847 0.15% KGM 839:847 0.15% KGM 839:847 Gelatin solution with 0.15% KGM is suitable for preparing capsules. 30553320 0 30 theme Oreochromis 40:50 arg1 tilapia 31:37 tilapia 31:37 tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 31:61 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 0 30 theme Oreochromis 40:50 arg1 niloticus 52:60 Oreochromis niloticus 40:60 Oreochromis niloticus 40:60 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 8 31 theme shell 927:931 arg1 time 941:944 the shell rupture time 923:944 the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min 923:967 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 9 32 theme hard 1113:1116 arg1 capsules 1118:1125 hard capsules 1113:1125 hard capsules 1113:1125 Therefore, the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM can be utilized for hard capsules. 30553320 3 33 theme gel 395:397 arg1 518.33 ± 6.17 g 409:423 518.33 ± 6.17 g 409:423 518.33 ± 6.17 g 409:423 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 33 theme gel 395:397 arg1 strength 399:406 gel strength 395:406 gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) 395:424 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 9 34 theme composite 1035:1043 arg1 materials 1045:1053 the composite materials 1031:1053 the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM 1031:1091 Therefore, the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM can be utilized for hard capsules. 30553320 3 35 theme strength 399:406 arg1 values 374:379 The highest values 362:379 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) 362:465 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 3 35 theme strength 399:406 arg1 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 P < 0.05 382:389 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 4 36 from EAB 582:584 arg1 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 4 36 from EAB 582:584 arg1 elongation 561:570 elongation 561:570 elongation 561:570 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 4 36 from EAB 582:584 arg1 strength 543:550 The tensile strength 531:550 The tensile strength (TS) 531:555 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 3 37 theme % 518:518 arg1 KGM 526:528 0.15% (w/w) KGM 514:528 0.15% (w/w) KGM 514:528 The highest values (P < 0.05) of gel strength (518.33 ± 6.17 g) and melting temperature (39.7 ± 0.11 °C) could be observed at the gelatin solution with 0.15% (w/w) KGM. 30553320 7 38 theme 0.15 839:842 arg1 % 843:843 % 843:843 % 843:843 Gelatin solution with 0.15% KGM is suitable for preparing capsules. 30553320 2 39 theme different 297:305 arg1 levels 307:312 different levels 297:312 different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) 297:341 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 4 40 theme films 594:598 arg1 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 TS 553:554 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 4 40 theme films 594:598 arg1 elongation 561:570 elongation 561:570 elongation 561:570 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 4 40 theme films 594:598 arg1 strength 543:550 The tensile strength 531:550 The tensile strength (TS) 531:555 The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) of the films increased with the increasing of KGM. 30553320 1 41 theme tilapia 200:206 arg1 gelatin 214:220 tilapia scale gelatin 200:220 tilapia scale gelatin 200:220 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 8 42 theme rupture 933:939 arg1 time 941:944 the shell rupture time 923:944 the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min 923:967 Drug dissolution test in vitro showed the shell rupture time is in range of 3-5 min, and 80% of the drugs were released within 10 min. 30553320 5 43 theme film 734:737 arg1 hydrophilicity 739:752 the film hydrophilicity 730:752 the film hydrophilicity 730:752 The water contact angle was enhanced with the increasing of KGM, indicating the decrease of the film hydrophilicity. 30553320 7 44 theme Gelatin 817:823 arg1 solution 825:832 Gelatin solution 817:832 Gelatin solution with 0.15% KGM 817:847 Gelatin solution with 0.15% KGM is suitable for preparing capsules. 30553320 1 45 theme scale 208:212 arg1 gelatin 214:220 tilapia scale gelatin 200:220 tilapia scale gelatin 200:220 A novel material for making capsules was prepared with tilapia scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan (KGM). 30553320 0 46 dep in 123:124 arg1 vitro 126:130 vitro 126:130 vitro 126:130 Novel hard capsule prepared by tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scale gelatin and konjac glucomannan: Characterization, and in vitro dissolution. 30553320 2 47 with behaviors 264:272 arg1 KGM 290:292 KGM 290:292 KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) 290:341 Rheological behaviors of gelatin with KGM at different levels (0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%, w/w) were investigated. 30553320 9 48 theme tilapia 1063:1069 arg1 gelatin 1077:1083 tilapia scale gelatin 1063:1083 tilapia scale gelatin 1063:1083 Therefore, the composite materials made of tilapia scale gelatin and KGM can be utilized for hard capsules. 30553320 5 49 theme water 642:646 arg1 angle 656:660 The water contact angle 638:660 The water contact angle 638:660 The water contact angle was enhanced with the increasing of KGM, indicating the decrease of the film hydrophilicity. 30553320 7 50 with solution 825:832 arg1 KGM 845:847 0.15% KGM 839:847 0.15% KGM 839:847 Gelatin solution with 0.15% KGM is suitable for preparing capsules. 31554133 0 0 theme ferulic 86:92 arg1 conjugate 114:122 ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate 86:122 ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate 86:122 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 4 1 theme HepG2 843:847 arg1 cell 849:852 HepG2 cell 843:852 HepG2 cell 843:852 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 1 2 theme primary 233:239 arg1 hydroxyls 241:249 the primary hydroxyls 229:249 the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) 229:274 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 1 3 theme hydroxyls 241:249 arg1 hydroxyls 241:249 the primary hydroxyls 229:249 the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) 229:274 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 1 3 theme hydroxyls 241:249 arg1 one 222:224 one 222:224 one 222:224 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 5 4 theme novel 983:987 arg1 composition 1014:1024 a novel and potential functional composition 981:1024 a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine 981:1061 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 4 theme novel 983:987 arg1 conjugate 962:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 0 5 theme acid-β-cyclodextrin 94:112 arg1 conjugate 114:122 ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate 86:122 ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate 86:122 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 1 6 theme biological 326:335 arg1 activity 337:344 biological activity 326:344 biological activity 326:344 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 1 7 theme β-cyclodextrin 254:267 arg1 hydroxyls 241:249 the primary hydroxyls 229:249 the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) 229:274 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 2 8 theme conjugate 458:466 arg1 structure 433:441 the structure 429:441 the structure of the FA-β-CD conjugate 429:466 Experiments using UV, FTIR, FS, NMR, MS and FE-SEM were performed to characterize the structure of the FA-β-CD conjugate. 31554133 3 9 theme improved 684:691 arg1 stability 701:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 1 10 theme ferulic 180:186 arg1 FA 194:195 FA 194:195 FA 194:195 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 1 10 theme ferulic 180:186 arg1 acid 188:191 ferulic acid 180:191 ferulic acid (FA) 180:196 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 31554133 2 11 theme FA-β-CD 450:456 arg1 conjugate 458:466 the FA-β-CD conjugate 446:466 the FA-β-CD conjugate 446:466 Experiments using UV, FTIR, FS, NMR, MS and FE-SEM were performed to characterize the structure of the FA-β-CD conjugate. 31554133 3 12 theme amorphous 664:672 arg1 form 674:677 an amorphous form 661:677 an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability 661:728 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 5 13 theme FA-β-CD 954:960 arg1 conjugate 962:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 13 theme FA-β-CD 954:960 arg1 composition 1014:1024 a novel and potential functional composition 981:1024 a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine 981:1061 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 4 14 theme conjugate 825:833 arg1 cytotoxicity 797:808 in vitro cytotoxicity 788:808 in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell 788:852 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 5 15 from application 1030:1040 arg1 medicine 1054:1061 medicine 1054:1061 medicine 1054:1061 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 15 from application 1030:1040 arg1 food 1045:1048 food 1045:1048 food 1045:1048 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 4 16 theme FA-β-CD 817:823 arg1 conjugate 825:833 the FA-β-CD conjugate 813:833 the FA-β-CD conjugate 813:833 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 3 17 theme thermal 531:537 arg1 stability 539:547 thermal stability 531:547 thermal stability 531:547 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 0 18 theme inclusion 146:154 arg1 complex 156:162 the corresponding inclusion complex 128:162 the corresponding inclusion complex 128:162 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 5 19 theme present 921:927 arg1 study 929:933 the present study 917:933 the present study 917:933 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 4 20 theme in 788:789 arg1 cytotoxicity 797:808 in vitro cytotoxicity 788:808 in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell 788:852 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 0 21 theme structures 14:23 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 0:163 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 3 22 theme thermal 693:699 arg1 stability 701:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 0 23 theme corresponding 132:144 arg1 complex 156:162 the corresponding inclusion complex 128:162 the corresponding inclusion complex 128:162 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 0 24 theme properties 42:51 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 0:163 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 0 25 dep in 57:58 arg1 vitro 60:64 vitro 60:64 vitro 60:64 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 4 26 dep in 788:789 arg1 vitro 791:795 vitro 791:795 vitro 791:795 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 0 27 theme physicochemical 26:40 arg1 properties 42:51 physicochemical properties 26:51 physicochemical properties 26:51 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 0 28 theme in 57:58 arg1 bioactivity 66:76 in vitro bioactivity 57:76 in vitro bioactivity 57:76 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 3 29 theme FA/β-CD 748:754 arg1 complex 766:772 the FA/β-CD inclusion complex 744:772 the FA/β-CD inclusion complex 744:772 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 5 30 theme potential 993:1001 arg1 composition 1014:1024 a novel and potential functional composition 981:1024 a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine 981:1061 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 30 theme potential 993:1001 arg1 conjugate 962:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 31 theme functional 1003:1012 arg1 composition 1014:1024 a novel and potential functional composition 981:1024 a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine 981:1061 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 5 31 theme functional 1003:1012 arg1 conjugate 962:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 the FA-β-CD conjugate 950:970 Taken together, the present study indicates that the FA-β-CD conjugate might be a novel and potential functional composition for application in food and medicine. 31554133 4 32 theme growth 882:887 arg1 inhibition 889:898 effective growth inhibition 872:898 effective growth inhibition 872:898 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 3 33 with form 674:677 arg1 photostability 715:728 photostability 715:728 photostability 715:728 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 33 with form 674:677 arg1 stability 701:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 improved thermal stability 684:709 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 4 34 theme effective 872:880 arg1 inhibition 889:898 effective growth inhibition 872:898 effective growth inhibition 872:898 Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity of the FA-β-CD conjugate against HepG2 cell was enhanced with effective growth inhibition. 31554133 0 35 theme bioactivity 66:76 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 0:163 Comparison of structures, physicochemical properties and in vitro bioactivity between ferulic acid-β-cyclodextrin conjugate and the corresponding inclusion complex. 31554133 3 36 theme inclusion 756:764 arg1 complex 766:772 the FA/β-CD inclusion complex 744:772 the FA/β-CD inclusion complex 744:772 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 37 theme conjugate 576:584 arg1 photo-stability 553:567 photo-stability 553:567 photo-stability 553:567 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 37 theme conjugate 576:584 arg1 crystallinity 516:528 crystallinity 516:528 crystallinity 516:528 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 37 theme conjugate 576:584 arg1 stability 539:547 thermal stability 531:547 thermal stability 531:547 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 37 theme conjugate 576:584 arg1 solubility 504:513 solubility 504:513 solubility 504:513 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 38 theme Physicochemical 469:483 arg1 photo-stability 553:567 photo-stability 553:567 photo-stability 553:567 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 38 theme Physicochemical 469:483 arg1 crystallinity 516:528 crystallinity 516:528 crystallinity 516:528 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 38 theme Physicochemical 469:483 arg1 properties 485:494 Physicochemical properties 469:494 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate 469:584 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 38 theme Physicochemical 469:483 arg1 solubility 504:513 solubility 504:513 solubility 504:513 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 3 38 theme Physicochemical 469:483 arg1 stability 539:547 thermal stability 531:547 thermal stability 531:547 Physicochemical properties such as solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability and photo-stability of the conjugate were also investigated, and the results revealed that the conjugate was in an amorphous form with improved thermal stability and photostability compared with the FA/β-CD inclusion complex. 31554133 1 39 theme ester 283:287 arg1 linkage 289:295 an ester linkage 280:295 an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity 280:344 In this study, ferulic acid (FA) was covalently bound to one of the primary hydroxyls of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via an ester linkage to improve its stability and biological activity. 30385333 0 0 theme selenomethionine 97:112 arg1 studies 73:79 uptake-release kinetic studies 50:79 uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine 50:112 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 5 1 dep Se 669:670 arg1 VI 672:673 VI 672:673 VI 672:673 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt were found to be 7.083 mg g-1 and 34.639 mg g-1 respectively. 30385333 7 2 theme 0.1 M 889:893 arg1 HCl 895:897 0.1 M HCl 889:897 0.1 M HCl 889:897 1 M HCl and 0.1 M HCl were able to desorb Se(VI) and SeMt respectively from CAB. 30385333 2 3 theme gel 337:339 arg1 properties 341:350 gel properties 337:350 gel properties 337:350 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 6 4 theme Se 847:848 arg1 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 4 theme Se 847:848 arg1 SeMt 858:861 SeMt 858:861 SeMt 858:861 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 4 theme Se 847:848 arg1 energy 761:766 The mean free energy 747:766 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value 747:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 4 theme Se 847:848 arg1 0.329 kJ mol-1 829:842 0.329 kJ mol-1 829:842 0.329 kJ mol-1 829:842 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 7 5 theme 1 M 877:879 arg1 HCl 881:883 1 M HCl 877:883 1 M HCl 877:883 1 M HCl and 0.1 M HCl were able to desorb Se(VI) and SeMt respectively from CAB. 30385333 3 6 theme possible 469:476 arg1 mechanism 478:486 a possible mechanism 467:486 a possible mechanism for the adsorptions 467:506 We propose here a possible mechanism for the adsorptions. 30385333 9 7 theme Similar 1090:1096 arg1 studies 1098:1104 Similar studies 1090:1104 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) 1090:1139 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 4 8 theme CAB 623:625 arg1 composite 627:635 the CAB composite 619:635 the CAB composite 619:635 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 1 9 theme water 259:263 arg1 medium 265:270 water medium 259:270 water medium 259:270 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 5 10 theme SeMt 680:683 arg1 capacity 657:664 Maximum adsorption capacity 638:664 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt 638:683 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt were found to be 7.083 mg g-1 and 34.639 mg g-1 respectively. 30385333 6 11 theme free 756:759 arg1 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 11 theme free 756:759 arg1 energy 761:766 The mean free energy 747:766 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value 747:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 7 12 from CAB 953:955 arg1 able 904:907 able 904:907 able 904:907 1 M HCl and 0.1 M HCl were able to desorb Se(VI) and SeMt respectively from CAB. 30385333 6 13 theme mean 751:754 arg1 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 13 theme mean 751:754 arg1 energy 761:766 The mean free energy 747:766 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value 747:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 8 14 theme complementary 1056:1068 arg1 ions 1070:1073 complementary ions 1056:1073 complementary ions in the medium 1056:1087 The adsorption of Se(VI) was significantly reduced if As(III), Cr(III) and Hg(II) were present as complementary ions in the medium. 30385333 1 15 theme uptake-release 184:197 arg1 studies 208:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies 180:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) 180:252 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 9 16 theme pristine 1111:1118 arg1 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 9 16 theme pristine 1111:1118 arg1 beads 1130:1134 pristine cellulose beads 1111:1134 pristine cellulose beads (CB) 1111:1139 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 0 17 theme uptake-release 50:63 arg1 studies 73:79 uptake-release kinetic studies 50:79 uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine 50:112 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 1 18 theme kinetics 199:206 arg1 studies 208:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies 180:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) 180:252 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 0 19 theme cellulose-agar 11:24 arg1 hydrogels 36:44 cellulose-agar composite hydrogels 11:44 cellulose-agar composite hydrogels 11:44 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 9 20 theme cellulose 1120:1128 arg1 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 9 20 theme cellulose 1120:1128 arg1 beads 1130:1134 pristine cellulose beads 1111:1134 pristine cellulose beads (CB) 1111:1139 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 7 21 dep Se 919:920 arg1 VI 922:923 VI 922:923 VI 922:923 1 M HCl and 0.1 M HCl were able to desorb Se(VI) and SeMt respectively from CAB. 30385333 2 22 theme Se 434:435 arg1 adsorption 420:429 the adsorption 416:429 the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt 416:448 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 8 23 theme Se 976:977 arg1 adsorption 962:971 The adsorption 958:971 The adsorption of Se 958:977 The adsorption of Se(VI) was significantly reduced if As(III), Cr(III) and Hg(II) were present as complementary ions in the medium. 30385333 2 24 dep Se 434:435 arg1 VI 437:438 VI 437:438 VI 437:438 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 9 25 theme uptake 1163:1168 arg1 properties 1170:1179 insignificant uptake properties 1149:1179 insignificant uptake properties 1149:1179 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 1 26 theme Cellulose-agar 115:128 arg1 beads 155:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 1 26 theme Cellulose-agar 115:128 arg1 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 2 27 theme thermal 353:359 arg1 stability 361:369 thermal stability 353:369 thermal stability 353:369 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 5 28 theme Se 669:670 arg1 capacity 657:664 Maximum adsorption capacity 638:664 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt 638:683 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt were found to be 7.083 mg g-1 and 34.639 mg g-1 respectively. 30385333 2 29 theme work 295:298 arg1 objective 277:285 The objective 273:285 The objective of this work 273:298 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 1 30 theme Se 219:220 arg1 studies 208:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies 180:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) 180:252 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 0 31 theme composite 26:34 arg1 hydrogels 36:44 cellulose-agar composite hydrogels 11:44 cellulose-agar composite hydrogels 11:44 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 4 32 theme good 537:540 arg1 agreement 542:550 good agreement 537:550 good agreement with the Freundlich model 537:576 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 8 33 from ions 1070:1073 arg1 medium 1082:1087 the medium 1078:1087 the medium 1078:1087 The adsorption of Se(VI) was significantly reduced if As(III), Cr(III) and Hg(II) were present as complementary ions in the medium. 30385333 4 34 theme high 590:593 arg1 capacity 606:613 a high adsorption capacity 588:613 a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite 588:635 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 2 35 theme SeMt 445:448 arg1 adsorption 420:429 the adsorption 416:429 the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt 416:448 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 2 36 theme surface 318:324 arg1 structure 326:334 surface structure 318:334 surface structure 318:334 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 2 37 theme responsible 400:410 arg1 structure 326:334 surface structure 318:334 surface structure 318:334 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 2 38 theme chemical 375:382 arg1 functionalities 384:398 chemical functionalities 375:398 chemical functionalities 375:398 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 6 39 theme value 787:791 arg1 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 39 theme value 787:791 arg1 energy 761:766 The mean free energy 747:766 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value 747:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 7 40 theme desorb 912:917 arg1 Se 919:920 desorb Se 912:920 desorb Se(VI) 912:924 1 M HCl and 0.1 M HCl were able to desorb Se(VI) and SeMt respectively from CAB. 30385333 9 41 theme insignificant 1149:1161 arg1 properties 1170:1179 insignificant uptake properties 1149:1179 insignificant uptake properties 1149:1179 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 5 42 theme Maximum 638:644 arg1 capacity 657:664 Maximum adsorption capacity 638:664 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt 638:683 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt were found to be 7.083 mg g-1 and 34.639 mg g-1 respectively. 30385333 0 43 theme kinetic 65:71 arg1 studies 73:79 uptake-release kinetic studies 50:79 uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine 50:112 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 4 44 theme Adsorption 509:518 arg1 isotherms 520:528 Adsorption isotherms 509:528 Adsorption isotherms 509:528 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 5 45 theme adsorption 646:655 arg1 capacity 657:664 Maximum adsorption capacity 638:664 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt 638:683 Maximum adsorption capacity of Se(VI) and SeMt were found to be 7.083 mg g-1 and 34.639 mg g-1 respectively. 30385333 8 46 dep reduced 1001:1007 arg1 VI 979:980 VI 979:980 VI 979:980 The adsorption of Se(VI) was significantly reduced if As(III), Cr(III) and Hg(II) were present as complementary ions in the medium. 30385333 1 47 theme composite 136:144 arg1 beads 155:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 1 47 theme composite 136:144 arg1 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 6 48 theme E 783:783 arg1 adsorption 771:780 adsorption 771:780 adsorption (E*) value 771:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 6 48 theme E 783:783 arg1 * 784:784 E* 783:784 E* 783:784 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 1 49 theme hydrogel 146:153 arg1 beads 155:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads 115:159 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 1 49 theme hydrogel 146:153 arg1 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 CAB 131:133 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 2 50 dep structure 326:334 arg1 the 314:316 the 314:316 the 314:316 The objective of this work is to analyze the surface structure, gel properties, thermal stability and chemical functionalities responsible for the adsorption of Se(VI) and SeMt. 30385333 9 51 with studies 1098:1104 arg1 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 CB 1137:1138 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 9 51 with studies 1098:1104 arg1 beads 1130:1134 pristine cellulose beads 1111:1134 pristine cellulose beads (CB) 1111:1139 Similar studies with pristine cellulose beads (CB) yielded insignificant uptake properties. 30385333 1 52 theme selenomethionine 230:245 arg1 studies 208:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies 180:214 the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) 180:252 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 0 53 theme selenate 84:91 arg1 studies 73:79 uptake-release kinetic studies 50:79 uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine 50:112 Generating cellulose-agar composite hydrogels for uptake-release kinetic studies of selenate and selenomethionine. 30385333 6 54 theme adsorption 771:780 arg1 value 787:791 adsorption (E*) value 771:791 adsorption (E*) value 771:791 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30385333 1 55 dep Se 219:220 arg1 VI 222:223 VI 222:223 VI 222:223 Cellulose-agar (CAB) composite hydrogel beads were generated for the uptake-release kinetics studies of Se(VI) and selenomethionine (SeMt) from water medium. 30385333 4 56 theme adsorption 595:604 arg1 capacity 606:613 a high adsorption capacity 588:613 a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite 588:635 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 4 57 theme Freundlich 561:570 arg1 model 572:576 the Freundlich model 557:576 the Freundlich model 557:576 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 4 58 with agreement 542:550 arg1 model 572:576 the Freundlich model 557:576 the Freundlich model 557:576 Adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, yielding a high adsorption capacity for the CAB composite. 30385333 6 59 dep 0.0423 kJ mol-1 809:823 arg1 VI 850:851 VI 850:851 VI 850:851 The mean free energy of adsorption (E*) value was found to be 0.0423 kJ mol-1 and 0.329 kJ mol-1 of Se(VI) and SeMt respectively. 30052968 0 0 from modeling 15:22 arg1 gut 57:59 the infant gut 46:59 the infant gut 46:59 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 8 1 theme expression 952:961 arg1 analysis 963:970 gene expression analysis 947:970 gene expression analysis 947:970 The activity of these bacterial species correlated well with gene expression analysis. 30052968 3 2 theme infant 452:457 arg1 microbiome 463:472 the infant gut microbiome 448:472 the infant gut microbiome 448:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 3 from fructooligosaccharides 331:352 arg1 impact 299:304 the impact 295:304 the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 295:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 3 from fructooligosaccharides 331:352 arg1 switch 319:324 a dietary switch 309:324 a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) 309:384 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 10 4 used used 1134:1137 arg2 model 1116:1120 The model 1112:1120 The model 1112:1120 The model was finally used to represent the outcome of the system after 48 h after each regime. 30052968 8 5 theme gene 947:950 arg1 analysis 963:970 gene expression analysis 947:970 gene expression analysis 947:970 The activity of these bacterial species correlated well with gene expression analysis. 30052968 9 6 theme system 1104:1109 arg1 behavior 1088:1095 the behavior 1084:1095 the behavior of the system 1084:1109 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 3 7 theme gut 459:461 arg1 microbiome 463:472 the infant gut microbiome 448:472 the infant gut microbiome 448:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 10 8 theme system 1171:1176 arg1 outcome 1156:1162 the outcome 1152:1162 the outcome of the system after 48 h after each regime 1152:1205 The model was finally used to represent the outcome of the system after 48 h after each regime. 30052968 3 9 theme switch 319:324 arg1 impact 299:304 the impact 295:304 the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 295:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 10 from Simulation 0:9 arg1 gut 57:59 the infant gut 46:59 the infant gut 46:59 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 2 11 theme microbiome 255:264 arg1 structure 266:274 gut microbiome structure 251:274 gut microbiome structure 251:274 Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. 30052968 1 12 contain has 132:134 arg1 diet 127:130 diet 127:130 diet 127:130 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 1 12 contain has 132:134 arg2 influence 147:155 a profound influence 136:155 a profound influence 136:155 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 8 13 theme bacterial 908:916 arg1 species 918:924 these bacterial species 902:924 these bacterial species 902:924 The activity of these bacterial species correlated well with gene expression analysis. 30052968 2 14 theme gut 251:253 arg1 structure 266:274 gut microbiome structure 251:274 gut microbiome structure 251:274 Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. 30052968 9 15 theme multi-species 1000:1012 arg1 consortium 1014:1023 a multi-species consortium 998:1023 a multi-species consortium 998:1023 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 7 16 from lactate 866:872 arg1 switch 854:859 a gradual switch 844:859 a gradual switch from lactate to acetate 844:883 2FL consumption was followed by a gradual switch from lactate to acetate. 30052968 2 17 from Oligosaccharides 177:192 arg1 milk 204:207 breast milk 197:207 breast milk 197:207 Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. 30052968 2 17 from Oligosaccharides 177:192 arg1 formula 212:218 formula 212:218 formula 212:218 Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. 30052968 11 18 from impact 1233:1238 arg1 microbiome 1270:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 9 19 theme consortium 1014:1023 arg1 modeling 986:993 Mathematical modeling 973:993 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture 973:1045 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 3 20 theme dietary 311:317 arg1 switch 319:324 a dietary switch 309:324 a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) 309:384 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 21 from changes 35:41 arg1 gut 57:59 the infant gut 46:59 the infant gut 46:59 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 6 22 used utilized 783:790 arg2 2FL 775:777 2FL 775:777 2FL 775:777 While FOS was rapidly metabolized by the consortium, 2FL was utilized only after a delay. 30052968 9 23 from modeling 986:993 arg1 culture 1039:1045 continuous culture 1028:1045 continuous culture 1028:1045 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 1 24 theme profound 138:145 arg1 influence 147:155 a profound influence 136:155 a profound influence 136:155 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 8 25 theme species 918:924 arg1 activity 890:897 The activity 886:897 The activity of these bacterial species 886:924 The activity of these bacterial species correlated well with gene expression analysis. 30052968 9 26 theme continuous 1028:1037 arg1 culture 1039:1045 continuous culture 1028:1045 continuous culture 1028:1045 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 11 27 theme dietary 1243:1249 arg1 changes 1251:1257 dietary changes 1243:1257 dietary changes in the gut microbiome 1243:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 7 28 theme gradual 846:852 arg1 switch 854:859 a gradual switch 844:859 a gradual switch from lactate to acetate 844:883 2FL consumption was followed by a gradual switch from lactate to acetate. 30052968 1 29 theme early 77:81 arg1 essential 101:109 essential 101:109 essential 101:109 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 1 29 theme early 77:81 arg1 microbiome 87:96 The early gut microbiome 73:96 The early gut microbiome 73:96 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 1 30 theme gut 83:85 arg1 essential 101:109 essential 101:109 essential 101:109 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 1 30 theme gut 83:85 arg1 microbiome 87:96 The early gut microbiome 73:96 The early gut microbiome 73:96 The early gut microbiome is essential for health, and diet has a profound influence in its composition. 30052968 4 31 theme lactate 588:594 arg1 lactate 588:594 lactate 588:594 lactate 588:594 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 30052968 4 31 theme lactate 588:594 arg1 amounts 577:583 high amounts 572:583 high amounts of lactate 572:594 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 30052968 3 32 contain containing 410:419 arg2 consortium 423:432 a consortium 421:432 a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 421:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 32 contain containing 410:419 arg1 culture 402:408 a continuous culture 389:408 a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 389:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 33 theme changes 35:41 arg1 modeling 15:22 modeling 15:22 modeling 15:22 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 33 theme changes 35:41 arg1 Simulation 0:9 Simulation 0:9 Simulation 0:9 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 11 34 theme changes 1251:1257 arg1 impact 1233:1238 the impact 1229:1238 the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome 1229:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 0 35 theme dietary 27:33 arg1 changes 35:41 dietary changes 27:41 dietary changes in the infant gut 27:59 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 4 36 dep dominated 515:523 arg1 characterized 555:567 characterized 555:567 characterized by high amounts of lactate 555:594 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 30052968 11 37 theme gut 1266:1268 arg1 microbiome 1270:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 0 38 from gut 57:59 arg1 modeling 15:22 modeling 15:22 modeling 15:22 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 38 from gut 57:59 arg1 Simulation 0:9 Simulation 0:9 Simulation 0:9 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 11 39 theme modeling 1297:1304 arg1 framework 1306:1314 a modeling framework 1295:1314 a modeling framework to predict this influence 1295:1340 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 4 40 from growth 482:487 arg1 FOS 492:494 FOS 492:494 FOS 492:494 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 30052968 2 41 theme breast 197:202 arg1 milk 204:207 breast milk 197:207 breast milk 197:207 Oligosaccharides in breast milk or formula act as prebiotics, influencing gut microbiome structure. 30052968 5 42 dep infantis 684:691 arg1 levels 714:719 levels 714:719 levels 714:719 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 11 43 from microbiome 1270:1279 arg1 impact 1233:1238 the impact 1229:1238 the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome 1229:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 9 44 theme great 1073:1077 arg1 part 1079:1082 great part 1073:1082 great part 1073:1082 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 5 45 from recovery 656:663 arg1 infantis 684:691 Bifidobacterium infantis 668:691 Bifidobacterium infantis 668:691 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 5 45 from recovery 656:663 arg1 coli 709:712 Escherichia coli 697:712 Escherichia coli 697:712 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 5 45 from recovery 656:663 arg1 biomass 641:647 total biomass 635:647 total biomass 635:647 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 5 46 theme total 635:639 arg1 biomass 641:647 total biomass 635:647 total biomass 635:647 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 3 47 from impact 299:304 arg1 FOS 355:357 FOS 355:357 FOS 355:357 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 47 from impact 299:304 arg1 fructooligosaccharides 331:352 fructooligosaccharides 331:352 fructooligosaccharides (FOS) 331:358 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 47 from impact 299:304 arg1 culture 402:408 a continuous culture 389:408 a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 389:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 48 theme species 437:443 arg1 consortium 423:432 a consortium 421:432 a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 421:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 9 49 theme Mathematical 973:984 arg1 modeling 986:993 Mathematical modeling 973:993 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture 973:1045 Mathematical modeling of a multi-species consortium in continuous culture was capable to explain in great part the behavior of the system. 30052968 3 50 theme microbiome 463:472 arg1 species 437:443 species 437:443 species of the infant gut microbiome 437:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 3 51 theme continuous 391:400 arg1 culture 402:408 a continuous culture 389:408 a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome 389:472 Here we simulated the impact of a dietary switch from fructooligosaccharides (FOS) to 2-fucosyllactose (2FL) in a continuous culture containing a consortium of species of the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 0 52 theme infant 50:55 arg1 gut 57:59 the infant gut 46:59 the infant gut 46:59 Simulation and modeling of dietary changes in the infant gut microbiome. 30052968 11 53 from changes 1251:1257 arg1 microbiome 1270:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 the gut microbiome 1262:1279 This work highlights the impact of dietary changes in the gut microbiome, and provides a modeling framework to predict this influence. 30052968 5 54 from decrease 623:630 arg1 infantis 684:691 Bifidobacterium infantis 668:691 Bifidobacterium infantis 668:691 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 5 54 from decrease 623:630 arg1 coli 709:712 Escherichia coli 697:712 Escherichia coli 697:712 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 5 54 from decrease 623:630 arg1 biomass 641:647 total biomass 635:647 total biomass 635:647 Switching to 2FL led to a decrease in total biomass, and a recovery in Bifidobacterium infantis and Escherichia coli levels. 30052968 7 55 theme 2FL 812:814 arg1 consumption 816:826 2FL consumption 812:826 2FL consumption 812:826 2FL consumption was followed by a gradual switch from lactate to acetate. 30052968 4 56 theme high 572:575 arg1 lactate 588:594 lactate 588:594 lactate 588:594 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 30052968 4 56 theme high 572:575 arg1 amounts 577:583 high amounts 572:583 high amounts of lactate 572:594 During growth on FOS the consortium was dominated by Lactobacillus acidophilus, characterized by high amounts of lactate. 29909035 2 0 from agents 192:197 arg1 form 206:209 the form 202:209 the form of dressings 202:222 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 3 1 theme efficient 304:312 arg1 agent 328:332 an efficient antimicrobial agent 301:332 an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds 301:391 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 6 2 theme liquid 831:836 arg1 chromatography 838:851 High-performance liquid chromatography 814:851 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry 814:882 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry showed that BC-DHP releases DHP oligomers, which are proposed to be antimicrobially active DHP fractions. 29909035 3 3 theme coniferyl 474:482 arg1 alcohol 484:490 coniferyl alcohol 474:490 coniferyl alcohol (DHP) 474:496 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 3 theme coniferyl 474:482 arg1 DHP 493:495 DHP 493:495 DHP 493:495 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 7 4 from number 1152:1157 arg1 membrane 1185:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 6 5 theme DHP 975:977 arg1 fractions 979:987 antimicrobially active DHP fractions 952:987 antimicrobially active DHP fractions 952:987 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry showed that BC-DHP releases DHP oligomers, which are proposed to be antimicrobially active DHP fractions. 29909035 0 6 theme wound 78:82 arg1 healing 84:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 10 7 theme wounds 1445:1450 arg1 healing 1452:1458 wounds healing 1445:1458 wounds healing 1445:1458 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 10 8 theme obtained 1373:1380 arg1 results 1382:1388 All obtained results 1369:1388 All obtained results 1369:1388 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 3 9 theme alcohol 484:490 arg1 polymer 463:469 dehydrogenative polymer 447:469 dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP) 447:496 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 9 theme alcohol 484:490 arg1 BC-DHP 499:504 BC-DHP 499:504 BC-DHP 499:504 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 9 theme alcohol 484:490 arg1 BC 439:440 BC 439:440 BC 439:440 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 9 theme alcohol 484:490 arg1 cellulose 428:436 bacterial cellulose 418:436 bacterial cellulose (BC) 418:441 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 6 10 theme active 968:973 arg1 fractions 979:987 antimicrobially active DHP fractions 952:987 antimicrobially active DHP fractions 952:987 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry showed that BC-DHP releases DHP oligomers, which are proposed to be antimicrobially active DHP fractions. 29909035 7 11 dep microscopy 1008:1017 arg1 micrographs 1047:1057 micrographs 1047:1057 micrographs 1047:1057 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 7 12 from decrease 1131:1138 arg1 membrane 1185:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 7 13 theme cellulose 1175:1183 arg1 membrane 1185:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 3 14 theme dressing 349:356 arg1 form 341:344 the form 337:344 the form of dressing 337:356 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 0 15 from agent 61:65 arg1 healing 84:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 7 16 dep number 1152:1157 arg1 the 1143:1145 the 1143:1145 the 1143:1145 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 8 17 theme BC 1299:1300 arg1 matrix 1302:1307 the BC matrix 1295:1307 the BC matrix 1295:1307 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP showed that DHP was partly bound to the BC matrix. 29909035 4 18 theme inhibitory 544:553 arg1 effects 571:577 inhibitory or bactericidal effects 544:577 inhibitory or bactericidal effects 544:577 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 10 19 theme promising 1422:1430 arg1 hydrogel 1432:1439 a promising hydrogel 1420:1439 a promising hydrogel for wounds healing 1420:1458 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 10 19 theme promising 1422:1430 arg1 composite 1407:1415 BC-DHP composite 1400:1415 BC-DHP composite 1400:1415 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 4 20 theme isolated 638:645 arg1 ones 647:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 3 21 theme wounds 386:391 arg1 treatment 365:373 the treatment 361:373 the treatment of chronic wounds 361:391 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 7 22 theme DHP 1098:1100 arg1 interaction 1083:1093 a dose-dependent interaction 1066:1093 a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane 1066:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 5 23 theme small 757:761 arg1 DHP 774:776 DHP 774:776 DHP 774:776 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 5 23 theme small 757:761 arg1 amounts 763:769 small amounts 757:769 small amounts of DHP 757:776 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 3 24 theme bacterial 418:426 arg1 BC 439:440 BC 439:440 BC 439:440 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 24 theme bacterial 418:426 arg1 cellulose 428:436 bacterial cellulose 418:436 bacterial cellulose (BC) 418:441 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 0 25 theme cellulose-lignin 10:25 arg1 hydrogel 37:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 1 26 contain have 143:146 arg1 Lignins 93:99 Lignins 93:99 Lignins 93:99 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 1 26 contain have 143:146 arg1 compounds 120:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 1 26 contain have 143:146 arg2 properties 162:171 antibacterial properties 148:171 antibacterial properties 148:171 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 7 27 theme dose-dependent 1068:1081 arg1 interaction 1083:1093 a dose-dependent interaction 1066:1093 a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane 1066:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 10 28 theme BC-DHP 1400:1405 arg1 hydrogel 1432:1439 a promising hydrogel 1420:1439 a promising hydrogel for wounds healing 1420:1458 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 10 28 theme BC-DHP 1400:1405 arg1 composite 1407:1415 BC-DHP composite 1400:1415 BC-DHP composite 1400:1415 All obtained results confirmed BC-DHP composite as a promising hydrogel for wounds healing. 29909035 7 29 theme force 1030:1034 arg1 microscopy 1036:1045 atomic force microscopy 1023:1045 atomic force microscopy 1023:1045 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 3 30 theme composite 396:404 arg1 hydrogel 406:413 a composite hydrogel 394:413 a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, 394:505 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 0 31 theme Bacterial 0:8 arg1 hydrogel 37:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 8 32 theme infrared 1217:1224 arg1 spectra 1237:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra 1195:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP 1195:1257 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP showed that DHP was partly bound to the BC matrix. 29909035 7 33 from size 1163:1166 arg1 membrane 1185:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 the cellulose membrane 1171:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 5 34 theme amounts 763:769 arg1 release 746:752 slow release 741:752 slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP 741:788 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 5 35 theme slow 741:744 arg1 release 746:752 slow release 741:752 slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP 741:788 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 5 36 theme DHP 774:776 arg1 DHP 774:776 DHP 774:776 DHP 774:776 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 5 36 theme DHP 774:776 arg1 amounts 763:769 small amounts 757:769 small amounts of DHP 757:776 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 0 37 theme composite 27:35 arg1 hydrogel 37:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel 0:44 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 4 38 theme Novel 521:525 arg1 composite 527:535 Novel composite 521:535 Novel composite 521:535 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 5 39 theme DHP 681:683 arg1 rate 673:676 The highest release rate 653:676 The highest release rate of DHP 653:683 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 6 40 theme High-performance 814:829 arg1 chromatography 838:851 High-performance liquid chromatography 814:851 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry 814:882 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry showed that BC-DHP releases DHP oligomers, which are proposed to be antimicrobially active DHP fractions. 29909035 1 41 theme lignin-derived 105:118 arg1 compounds 120:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 2 42 from pain 264:267 arg1 patients 272:279 patients 272:279 patients 272:279 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 4 43 theme pathogenic 596:605 arg1 ones 647:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 4 43 theme pathogenic 596:605 arg1 bacteria 607:614 selected pathogenic bacteria 587:614 selected pathogenic bacteria 587:614 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 9 44 theme swelling 1314:1321 arg1 dose-dependent 1353:1366 dose-dependent 1353:1366 dose-dependent 1353:1366 The swelling and crystallinity degree were dose-dependent. 29909035 9 44 theme swelling 1314:1321 arg1 degree 1341:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree 1310:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree 1310:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree were dose-dependent. 29909035 2 45 theme healing 184:190 arg1 agents 192:197 The wound healing agents 174:197 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings 174:222 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 2 46 theme skin 239:242 arg1 repair 244:249 faster skin repair 232:249 faster skin repair 232:249 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 8 47 theme absorption 1226:1235 arg1 spectra 1237:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra 1195:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP 1195:1257 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP showed that DHP was partly bound to the BC matrix. 29909035 3 48 theme cellulose 428:436 arg1 hydrogel 406:413 a composite hydrogel 394:413 a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, 394:505 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 5 49 theme 72 h 797:800 arg1 monitoring 802:811 72 h monitoring 797:811 72 h monitoring 797:811 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 2 50 theme wound 178:182 arg1 healing 184:190 wound healing 178:190 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings 174:222 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 2 51 theme faster 232:237 arg1 repair 244:249 faster skin repair 232:249 faster skin repair 232:249 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 5 52 from BC-DHP 783:788 arg1 release 746:752 slow release 741:752 slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP 741:788 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 7 53 theme size 1163:1166 arg1 decrease 1131:1138 a decrease 1129:1138 a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane 1129:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 3 54 theme chronic 378:384 arg1 wounds 386:391 chronic wounds 378:391 chronic wounds 378:391 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 9 55 theme crystallinity 1327:1339 arg1 dose-dependent 1353:1366 dose-dependent 1353:1366 dose-dependent 1353:1366 The swelling and crystallinity degree were dose-dependent. 29909035 9 55 theme crystallinity 1327:1339 arg1 degree 1341:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree 1310:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree 1310:1346 The swelling and crystallinity degree were dose-dependent. 29909035 7 56 theme atomic 1023:1028 arg1 microscopy 1036:1045 atomic force microscopy 1023:1045 atomic force microscopy 1023:1045 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 7 57 theme electron 999:1006 arg1 microscopy 1008:1017 Scanning electron microscopy 990:1017 Scanning electron microscopy 990:1017 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 3 58 theme polymer 463:469 arg1 hydrogel 406:413 a composite hydrogel 394:413 a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, 394:505 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 0 59 theme promising 51:59 arg1 agent 61:65 a promising agent 49:65 a promising agent in chronic wound healing 49:90 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 6 60 theme DHP 912:914 arg1 oligomers 916:924 DHP oligomers 912:924 DHP oligomers 912:924 High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry showed that BC-DHP releases DHP oligomers, which are proposed to be antimicrobially active DHP fractions. 29909035 5 61 theme highest 657:663 arg1 rate 673:676 The highest release rate 653:676 The highest release rate of DHP 653:683 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 2 62 theme dressings 214:222 arg1 form 206:209 the form 202:209 the form of dressings 202:222 The wound healing agents in the form of dressings produce faster skin repair and decrease pain in patients. 29909035 7 63 with interaction 1083:1093 arg1 BC 1107:1108 BC 1107:1108 BC 1107:1108 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 5 64 theme release 665:671 arg1 rate 673:676 The highest release rate 653:676 The highest release rate of DHP 653:683 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 29909035 7 65 from membrane 1185:1192 arg1 decrease 1131:1138 a decrease 1129:1138 a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane 1129:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 0 66 dep hydrogel 37:44 arg1 agent 61:65 a promising agent 49:65 a promising agent in chronic wound healing 49:90 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 3 67 from agent 328:332 arg1 treatment 365:373 the treatment 361:373 the treatment of chronic wounds 361:391 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 67 from agent 328:332 arg1 form 341:344 the form 337:344 the form of dressing 337:356 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 7 68 theme Scanning 990:997 arg1 microscopy 1008:1017 Scanning electron microscopy 990:1017 Scanning electron microscopy 990:1017 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 3 69 theme dehydrogenative 447:461 arg1 polymer 463:469 dehydrogenative polymer 447:469 dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP) 447:496 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 3 69 theme dehydrogenative 447:461 arg1 BC-DHP 499:504 BC-DHP 499:504 BC-DHP 499:504 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 4 70 theme bactericidal 558:569 arg1 effects 571:577 inhibitory or bactericidal effects 544:577 inhibitory or bactericidal effects 544:577 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 0 71 theme chronic 70:76 arg1 healing 84:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 chronic wound healing 70:90 Bacterial cellulose-lignin composite hydrogel as a promising agent in chronic wound healing. 29909035 8 72 theme BC-DHP 1252:1257 arg1 spectra 1237:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra 1195:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP 1195:1257 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP showed that DHP was partly bound to the BC matrix. 29909035 3 73 theme antimicrobial 314:326 arg1 agent 328:332 an efficient antimicrobial agent 301:332 an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds 301:391 In order to create an efficient antimicrobial agent in the form of dressing in the treatment of chronic wounds, a composite hydrogel of bacterial cellulose (BC) and dehydrogenative polymer of coniferyl alcohol (DHP), BC-DHP, was designed. 29909035 7 74 theme pore 1147:1150 arg1 number 1152:1157 pore number 1147:1157 pore number 1147:1157 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 8 75 theme Fourier-transform 1199:1215 arg1 spectra 1237:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra 1195:1243 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP 1195:1257 The Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectra of the BC-DHP showed that DHP was partly bound to the BC matrix. 29909035 4 76 theme selected 587:594 arg1 ones 647:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 clinically isolated ones 627:650 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 4 76 theme selected 587:594 arg1 bacteria 607:614 selected pathogenic bacteria 587:614 selected pathogenic bacteria 587:614 Novel composite showed inhibitory or bactericidal effects against selected pathogenic bacteria, including clinically isolated ones. 29909035 1 77 link lignin-derived 105:118 arg1 compounds 120:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 lignin-derived compounds 105:128 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 1 78 theme antibacterial 148:160 arg1 properties 162:171 antibacterial properties 148:171 antibacterial properties 148:171 Lignins and lignin-derived compounds are known to have antibacterial properties. 29909035 7 79 theme number 1152:1157 arg1 decrease 1131:1138 a decrease 1129:1138 a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane 1129:1192 Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs proved a dose-dependent interaction of DHP with BC, which resulted in a decrease of the pore number and size in the cellulose membrane. 29909035 5 80 theme first 696:700 arg1 hour 702:705 the first hour 692:705 the first hour 692:705 The highest release rate of DHP was in the first hour, while after 24 h there was still slow release of small amounts of DHP from BC-DHP during 72 h monitoring. 32254916 3 0 theme pharmaceutical 657:670 arg1 industries 672:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 7 1 dep in 1157:1158 arg1 vivo 1160:1163 vivo 1160:1163 vivo 1160:1163 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 2 2 from bioadhesives 406:417 arg1 years 429:433 recent years 422:433 recent years 422:433 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 7 3 theme in 1157:1158 arg1 means 1165:1169 in vitro and in vivo means 1144:1169 in vitro and in vivo means 1144:1169 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 3 4 theme dietary 634:640 arg1 industries 672:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 8 5 theme adhesive 1288:1295 arg1 product 1306:1312 an adhesive hydrogel product 1285:1312 an adhesive hydrogel product 1285:1312 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 7 6 theme in 1144:1145 arg1 means 1165:1169 in vitro and in vivo means 1144:1169 in vitro and in vivo means 1144:1169 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 3 7 theme supplement 642:651 arg1 industries 672:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries 630:681 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 7 8 theme hydrogel 1048:1055 arg1 potential 999:1007 the potential 995:1007 the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions 995:1120 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 6 9 dep CS 883:884 arg1 properties 920:929 excellent physical and chemical properties 888:929 CS's excellent physical and chemical properties 883:929 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 32254916 2 10 theme high 304:307 arg1 content 315:321 high water content 304:321 high water content 304:321 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 10 theme high 304:307 arg1 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 3 11 theme animal 524:529 arg1 matrix 581:586 the extracellular matrix 563:586 the extracellular matrix (ECM) 563:592 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 11 theme animal 524:529 arg1 bodies 531:536 animal bodies 524:536 animal bodies 524:536 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 11 theme animal 524:529 arg1 cartilage 549:557 cartilage 549:557 cartilage 549:557 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 8 12 theme in 1192:1193 arg1 assessments 1200:1210 the in vivo assessments 1188:1210 the in vivo assessments 1188:1210 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 7 13 theme CSD 1043:1045 arg1 hydrogel 1048:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 2 14 theme crucial 264:270 arg1 properties 272:281 The two crucial properties 256:281 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, 256:343 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 7 15 dep potential 999:1007 arg1 work 1060:1063 work 1060:1063 to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions 1057:1120 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 7 16 theme established 1022:1032 arg1 hydrogel 1048:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 4 17 theme excellent 722:730 arg1 properties 766:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 Besides, CS has been reported to have excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties. 32254916 3 18 theme Chondroitin 436:446 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 473:489 a sulfated glycosaminoglycan 462:489 a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) 462:495 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 18 theme Chondroitin 436:446 arg1 CS 457:458 CS 457:458 CS 457:458 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 18 theme Chondroitin 436:446 arg1 sulfate 448:454 Chondroitin sulfate 436:454 Chondroitin sulfate (CS) 436:459 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 0 19 theme DOPA-functionalized 2:20 arg1 chondroitin 22:32 A DOPA-functionalized chondroitin 0:32 A DOPA-functionalized chondroitin 0:32 A DOPA-functionalized chondroitin sulfate-based adhesive hydrogel as a promising multi-functional bioadhesive. 32254916 7 20 theme CS-DOPA 1034:1040 arg1 hydrogel 1048:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel 1012:1055 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 1 21 theme Great 111:115 arg1 progress 117:124 Great progress 111:124 Great progress 111:124 Great progress has been achieved on the study of hydrogels, which were presented for the first time in 1960 by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím. 32254916 6 22 theme DOPA 932:935 arg1 groups 937:942 DOPA groups 932:942 DOPA groups 932:942 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 32254916 8 23 theme hydrogel 1297:1304 arg1 product 1306:1312 an adhesive hydrogel product 1285:1312 an adhesive hydrogel product 1285:1312 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 2 24 theme ideal 365:369 arg1 compositions 371:382 hydrogels ideal compositions 355:382 hydrogels ideal compositions 355:382 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 7 25 theme internal 1094:1101 arg1 conditions 1111:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 8 26 from medications 1354:1364 arg1 future 1373:1378 future 1373:1378 future 1373:1378 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 1 27 theme first 200:204 arg1 time 206:209 the first time 196:209 the first time in 1960 196:217 Great progress has been achieved on the study of hydrogels, which were presented for the first time in 1960 by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím. 32254916 2 28 theme recent 422:427 arg1 years 429:433 recent years 422:433 recent years 422:433 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 4 29 theme pain-relief 732:742 arg1 properties 766:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 Besides, CS has been reported to have excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties. 32254916 2 30 theme hydrogels 286:294 arg1 properties 272:281 The two crucial properties 256:281 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, 256:343 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 31 theme bioadhesives 406:417 arg1 development 391:401 the development 387:401 the development of bioadhesives in recent years 387:433 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 6 32 theme chemical 911:918 arg1 properties 920:929 excellent physical and chemical properties 888:929 CS's excellent physical and chemical properties 883:929 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 32254916 3 33 theme extracellular 567:579 arg1 ECM 589:591 ECM 589:591 ECM 589:591 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 33 theme extracellular 567:579 arg1 matrix 581:586 the extracellular matrix 563:586 the extracellular matrix (ECM) 563:592 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 8 34 theme assessments 1200:1210 arg1 outcomes 1176:1183 The outcomes 1172:1183 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments 1172:1210 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 0 35 theme adhesive 48:55 arg1 bioadhesive 98:108 bioadhesive 98:108 bioadhesive 98:108 A DOPA-functionalized chondroitin sulfate-based adhesive hydrogel as a promising multi-functional bioadhesive. 32254916 0 35 theme adhesive 48:55 arg1 hydrogel 57:64 adhesive hydrogel 48:64 adhesive hydrogel 48:64 A DOPA-functionalized chondroitin sulfate-based adhesive hydrogel as a promising multi-functional bioadhesive. 32254916 3 36 used utilized 618:625 arg2 it 599:600 it 599:600 it 599:600 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 7 37 theme multiple 1085:1092 arg1 conditions 1111:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 8 38 dep in 1192:1193 arg1 vivo 1195:1198 vivo 1195:1198 vivo 1195:1198 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 5 39 theme wound 815:819 arg1 healing 821:827 CS's wound healing 810:827 CS's wound healing promoting ability 810:845 Some studies have even reported CS's wound healing promoting ability. 32254916 6 40 theme physical 898:905 arg1 properties 920:929 excellent physical and chemical properties 888:929 CS's excellent physical and chemical properties 883:929 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 32254916 3 41 theme sulfated 464:471 arg1 GAG 492:494 GAG 492:494 GAG 492:494 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 41 theme sulfated 464:471 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 473:489 a sulfated glycosaminoglycan 462:489 a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) 462:495 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 3 41 theme sulfated 464:471 arg1 sulfate 448:454 Chondroitin sulfate 436:454 Chondroitin sulfate (CS) 436:459 Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is distributed throughout animal bodies, including cartilage and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and it has been widely utilized in the dietary supplement and pharmaceutical industries. 32254916 6 42 theme excellent 888:896 arg1 properties 920:929 excellent physical and chemical properties 888:929 CS's excellent physical and chemical properties 883:929 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 32254916 8 43 dep potential 1241:1249 arg1 utilized 1325:1332 utilized 1325:1332 to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future 1319:1378 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 8 43 dep potential 1241:1249 arg1 commercialized 1265:1278 commercialized 1265:1278 to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product 1251:1312 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 2 44 dep hydrogels 286:294 arg1 biocompatibility 327:342 biocompatibility 327:342 biocompatibility 327:342 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 44 dep hydrogels 286:294 arg1 content 315:321 high water content 304:321 high water content 304:321 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 44 dep hydrogels 286:294 arg1 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 4 45 contain have 717:720 arg1 CS 693:694 CS 693:694 CS 693:694 Besides, CS has been reported to have excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties. 32254916 4 45 contain have 717:720 arg2 properties 766:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 Besides, CS has been reported to have excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties. 32254916 7 46 dep in 1144:1145 arg1 vitro 1147:1151 vitro 1147:1151 vitro 1147:1151 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 8 47 theme clinical 1345:1352 arg1 medications 1354:1364 diverse clinical medications 1337:1364 diverse clinical medications in the future 1337:1378 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 4 48 theme anti-inflammation 748:764 arg1 properties 766:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties 722:775 Besides, CS has been reported to have excellent pain-relief and anti-inflammation properties. 32254916 1 49 from time 206:209 arg1 1960 214:217 1960 214:217 1960 214:217 Great progress has been achieved on the study of hydrogels, which were presented for the first time in 1960 by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím. 32254916 8 50 theme promising 1231:1239 arg1 potential 1241:1249 CSD's promising potential 1225:1249 CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future 1225:1378 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 8 51 theme diverse 1337:1343 arg1 medications 1354:1364 diverse clinical medications 1337:1364 diverse clinical medications in the future 1337:1378 The outcomes of the in vivo assessments demonstrated CSD's promising potential to be further commercialized into an adhesive hydrogel product, and to be utilized in diverse clinical medications in the future. 32254916 2 52 theme water 309:313 arg1 content 315:321 high water content 304:321 high water content 304:321 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 52 theme water 309:313 arg1 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 hydrogels 286:294 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 53 from development 391:401 arg1 years 429:433 recent years 422:433 recent years 422:433 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 54 theme hydrogels 355:363 arg1 compositions 371:382 hydrogels ideal compositions 355:382 hydrogels ideal compositions 355:382 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 2 55 from years 429:433 arg1 development 391:401 the development 387:401 the development of bioadhesives in recent years 387:433 The two crucial properties of hydrogels, namely high water content and biocompatibility, have made hydrogels ideal compositions in the development of bioadhesives in recent years. 32254916 7 56 theme medical 1103:1109 arg1 conditions 1111:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 multiple internal medical conditions 1085:1120 After that, the potential of the newly established CS-DOPA (CSD) hydrogel to work as a bioadhesive in multiple internal medical conditions was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo means. 32254916 1 57 theme hydrogels 160:168 arg1 study 151:155 the study 147:155 the study of hydrogels, which were presented for the first time in 1960 by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím 147:253 Great progress has been achieved on the study of hydrogels, which were presented for the first time in 1960 by Otto Wichterle and Drahoslav Lím. 32254916 6 58 theme CS 969:970 arg1 backbones 972:980 CS backbones 969:980 CS backbones 969:980 In this study, taking advantage of CS's excellent physical and chemical properties, DOPA groups were functionalized onto CS backbones. 31119621 4 0 dep purification 531:542 arg1 the 527:529 the 527:529 the 527:529 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 0 1 from Composition 14:24 arg1 Neisseria 29:37 Neisseria 29:37 Neisseria 29:37 Peptidoglycan Composition in Neisseria. 31119621 2 2 from rates 214:218 arg1 gonorrhoeae 251:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 3 theme penicillin 322:331 arg1 strains 359:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 4 4 theme enzymatic 545:553 arg1 degradation 555:565 enzymatic degradation 545:565 enzymatic degradation 545:565 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 1 5 theme peptidoglycan 69:81 arg1 composition 44:54 The composition 40:54 The composition of Neisseria peptidoglycan 40:81 The composition of Neisseria peptidoglycan has been of scientific interest for over four decades. 31119621 3 6 theme cytotoxic 387:395 arg1 fragments 411:419 cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments 387:419 cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments 387:419 The discovery that cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments are also released by Neisseria furthered the interest in peptidoglycan composition. 31119621 5 7 theme samples 697:703 arg1 preparation 682:692 the preparation 678:692 the preparation of samples so that they can be positively identified by mass spectrometry 678:766 It also describes the preparation of samples so that they can be positively identified by mass spectrometry. 31119621 2 8 from resistance 234:243 arg1 gonorrhoeae 251:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 3 9 theme peptidoglycan 397:409 arg1 fragments 411:419 cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments 387:419 cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments 387:419 The discovery that cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments are also released by Neisseria furthered the interest in peptidoglycan composition. 31119621 2 10 theme peptidoglycan 293:305 arg1 composition 307:317 peptidoglycan composition 293:317 peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 293:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 11 from gonorrhoeae 251:261 arg1 rates 214:218 rising rates 207:218 rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae 207:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 12 theme Initial 138:144 arg1 investigations 146:159 Initial investigations 138:159 Initial investigations 138:159 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 3 13 theme peptidoglycan 478:490 arg1 composition 492:502 peptidoglycan composition 478:502 peptidoglycan composition 478:502 The discovery that cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments are also released by Neisseria furthered the interest in peptidoglycan composition. 31119621 0 14 theme Peptidoglycan 0:12 arg1 Composition 14:24 Peptidoglycan Composition 0:24 Peptidoglycan Composition in Neisseria. 0:38 Peptidoglycan Composition in Neisseria. 31119621 2 15 theme resistant 349:357 arg1 strains 359:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 1 16 theme scientific 95:104 arg1 interest 106:113 scientific interest 95:113 scientific interest 95:113 The composition of Neisseria peptidoglycan has been of scientific interest for over four decades. 31119621 2 17 theme susceptible 333:343 arg1 strains 359:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 18 from differences 278:288 arg1 composition 307:317 peptidoglycan composition 293:317 peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 293:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 19 theme N. 248:249 arg1 gonorrhoeae 251:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 N. gonorrhoeae 248:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 4 20 theme peptidoglycan 586:598 arg1 fragments 600:608 peptidoglycan fragments 586:608 peptidoglycan fragments 586:608 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 4 21 theme fragments 600:608 arg1 degradation 555:565 enzymatic degradation 545:565 enzymatic degradation 545:565 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 4 21 theme fragments 600:608 arg1 separation 572:581 separation 572:581 separation 572:581 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 4 21 theme fragments 600:608 arg1 purification 531:542 purification 531:542 purification 531:542 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 5 22 theme mass 750:753 arg1 spectrometry 755:766 mass spectrometry 750:766 mass spectrometry 750:766 It also describes the preparation of samples so that they can be positively identified by mass spectrometry. 31119621 4 23 theme liquid 630:635 arg1 HPLC 653:656 HPLC 653:656 HPLC 653:656 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 4 23 theme liquid 630:635 arg1 chromatography 637:650 high-performance liquid chromatography 613:650 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 613:657 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 2 24 theme antibiotic 223:232 arg1 resistance 234:243 antibiotic resistance 223:243 antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae 223:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 25 theme resistance 234:243 arg1 rates 214:218 rising rates 207:218 rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae 207:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 2 26 from composition 307:317 arg1 strains 359:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 penicillin susceptible and resistant strains 322:365 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 31119621 4 27 theme high-performance 613:628 arg1 HPLC 653:656 HPLC 653:656 HPLC 653:656 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 4 27 theme high-performance 613:628 arg1 chromatography 637:650 high-performance liquid chromatography 613:650 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 613:657 This method describes the purification, enzymatic degradation, and separation of peptidoglycan fragments by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 31119621 3 28 from interest 466:473 arg1 composition 492:502 peptidoglycan composition 478:502 peptidoglycan composition 478:502 The discovery that cytotoxic peptidoglycan fragments are also released by Neisseria furthered the interest in peptidoglycan composition. 31119621 1 29 theme Neisseria 59:67 arg1 peptidoglycan 69:81 Neisseria peptidoglycan 59:81 Neisseria peptidoglycan 59:81 The composition of Neisseria peptidoglycan has been of scientific interest for over four decades. 31119621 2 30 theme rising 207:212 arg1 rates 214:218 rising rates 207:218 rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae 207:261 Initial investigations focused on discovering the mechanisms causing rising rates of antibiotic resistance in N. gonorrhoeae by determining differences in peptidoglycan composition in penicillin susceptible and resistant strains. 30471398 4 0 theme different 636:644 arg1 parameters 646:655 different parameters 636:655 different parameters 636:655 The adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red was studied according to different parameters. 30471398 3 1 from isotherm 508:515 arg1 method 465:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method 442:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 442:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 1 from isotherm 508:515 arg1 diffraction 429:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 1 from isotherm 508:515 arg1 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 1 from isotherm 508:515 arg1 spectroscopy 409:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 1 from isotherm 508:515 arg1 point 534:538 the point 530:538 the point of zero charge (pHPZC) 530:561 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 0 2 theme composite 80:88 arg1 beads 90:94 composite beads 80:94 composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies 80:130 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 8 3 theme CR 971:972 arg1 adsorption 974:983 CR adsorption 971:983 CR adsorption 971:983 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 1 4 theme novel 161:165 arg1 beads 174:178 novel hybrid beads 161:178 novel hybrid beads 161:178 Using the extrusion method, novel hybrid beads were prepared from natural bentonite and alginate. 30471398 7 5 theme Adsorption 842:851 arg1 capacities 853:862 Adsorption capacities 842:862 Adsorption capacities of MB onto A-B 1/1 and CR onto A-B 1/3 842:901 Adsorption capacities of MB onto A-B 1/1 and CR onto A-B 1/3 were 1171 and 95.55 mg/g respectively. 30471398 3 6 from 77 K 520:523 arg1 isotherm 508:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm 483:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 483:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 9 7 theme removal 1135:1141 arg1 percentages 1143:1153 removal percentages 1135:1153 removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle 1135:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 2 8 dep dyes 311:314 arg1 red 342:344 red 342:344 red 342:344 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 2 8 dep dyes 311:314 arg1 blue 327:330 blue 327:330 blue 327:330 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 10 9 theme Hybrid 1208:1213 arg1 composites 1234:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites 1208:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites 1208:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 0 10 theme reusability 112:122 arg1 studies 124:130 reusability studies 112:130 reusability studies 112:130 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 9 11 from % 1163:1163 arg1 cycle 1201:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 7 12 theme MB 867:868 arg1 capacities 853:862 Adsorption capacities 842:862 Adsorption capacities of MB onto A-B 1/1 and CR onto A-B 1/3 842:901 Adsorption capacities of MB onto A-B 1/1 and CR onto A-B 1/3 were 1171 and 95.55 mg/g respectively. 30471398 3 13 theme adsorption-desorption 486:506 arg1 isotherm 508:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm 483:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 483:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 1 14 theme hybrid 167:172 arg1 beads 174:178 novel hybrid beads 161:178 novel hybrid beads 161:178 Using the extrusion method, novel hybrid beads were prepared from natural bentonite and alginate. 30471398 5 15 theme monolayer 745:753 arg1 adsorption 771:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 The results showed that isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption. 30471398 2 16 used used 289:292 arg2 Alginate 231:238 Alginate 231:238 Alginate to clay ratios 231:253 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 5 17 theme homogeneous 759:769 arg1 adsorption 771:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 The results showed that isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption. 30471398 10 18 theme alginate-bentonite 1215:1232 arg1 composites 1234:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites 1208:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites 1208:1243 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 3 19 theme infrared 400:407 arg1 spectroscopy 409:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 0 20 dep beads 90:94 arg1 Adsorption 97:106 Adsorption 97:106 Adsorption 97:106 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 0 20 dep beads 90:94 arg1 studies 124:130 reusability studies 112:130 reusability studies 112:130 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 9 21 theme Regeneration 1042:1053 arg1 study 1055:1059 Regeneration study 1042:1059 Regeneration study 1042:1059 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 2 22 dep varied 259:264 arg1 1/1 267:269 1/1 267:269 1/1; 1/2 and 1/3 267:282 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 0 23 theme Cationic 0:7 arg1 dyes 21:24 Cationic and anionic dyes 0:24 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 0:68 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 9 24 theme % 1163:1163 arg1 percentages 1143:1153 removal percentages 1135:1153 removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle 1135:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 3 25 theme Fourier 380:386 arg1 spectroscopy 409:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 8 26 theme MB 942:943 arg1 adsorption 945:954 MB adsorption 942:954 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 942:994 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 3 27 theme X-ray 423:427 arg1 diffraction 429:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 0 28 theme anionic 13:19 arg1 dyes 21:24 Cationic and anionic dyes 0:24 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 0:68 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 1 29 theme natural 199:205 arg1 bentonite 207:215 natural bentonite 199:215 natural bentonite 199:215 Using the extrusion method, novel hybrid beads were prepared from natural bentonite and alginate. 30471398 5 30 theme Langmuir 719:726 arg1 adsorption 771:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 The results showed that isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption. 30471398 9 31 theme % 1173:1173 arg1 percentages 1143:1153 removal percentages 1135:1153 removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle 1135:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 3 32 theme charge 548:553 arg1 method 465:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method 442:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 442:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 32 theme charge 548:553 arg1 diffraction 429:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 X-ray diffraction 423:439 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 32 theme charge 548:553 arg1 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 32 theme charge 548:553 arg1 spectroscopy 409:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 32 theme charge 548:553 arg1 point 534:538 the point 530:538 the point of zero charge (pHPZC) 530:561 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 4 33 theme red 607:609 arg1 adsorption 568:577 The adsorption 564:577 The adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red 564:609 The adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red was studied according to different parameters. 30471398 4 34 theme blue 592:595 arg1 adsorption 568:577 The adsorption 564:577 The adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red 564:609 The adsorption of methylene blue and Congo red was studied according to different parameters. 30471398 3 35 theme transformed 388:398 arg1 spectroscopy 409:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy 380:420 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 5 36 theme model 728:732 arg1 adsorption 771:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 The results showed that isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption. 30471398 6 37 theme pseudo-second-order 815:833 arg1 model 835:839 the pseudo-second-order model 811:839 the pseudo-second-order model 811:839 Kinetics were well followed the pseudo-second-order model. 30471398 10 38 theme wide 1291:1294 arg1 dyes 1307:1310 dyes 1307:1310 dyes 1307:1310 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 10 38 theme wide 1291:1294 arg1 variety 1296:1302 a wide variety 1289:1302 a wide variety of dyes 1289:1310 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 9 39 from % 1173:1173 arg1 cycle 1201:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 0 40 theme hybrid 46:51 arg1 alginate/natural 53:68 low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 37:68 low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 37:68 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 8 41 from adsorption 945:954 arg1 A-B 988:990 A-B 1/3 988:994 A-B 1/3 988:994 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 8 41 from adsorption 945:954 arg1 1/1 963:965 A-B 1/1 959:965 A-B 1/1 959:965 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 8 41 from adsorption 945:954 arg1 adsorption 974:983 CR adsorption 971:983 CR adsorption 971:983 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 0 42 theme low-cost 37:44 arg1 alginate/natural 53:68 low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 37:68 low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 37:68 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 2 43 dep 1/1 267:269 arg1 1/3 280:282 1/3 280:282 1/3 280:282 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 2 43 dep 1/1 267:269 arg1 1/2 272:274 1/2 272:274 1/2 272:274 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 9 44 theme first 1195:1199 arg1 cycle 1201:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 8 45 theme A-B 959:961 arg1 1/1 963:965 A-B 1/1 959:965 A-B 1/1 959:965 MB adsorption on A-B 1/1 and CR adsorption on A-B 1/3 were endothermic and exothermic respectively. 30471398 0 46 dep dyes 21:24 arg1 removal 26:32 removal 26:32 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural 0:68 Cationic and anionic dyes removal by low-cost hybrid alginate/natural bentonite composite beads: Adsorption and reusability studies. 30471398 9 47 from percentages 1143:1153 arg1 cycle 1201:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 the first cycle 1191:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 9 48 theme A-B 1110:1112 arg1 1/1 1114:1116 A-B 1/1 1110:1116 A-B 1/1 1110:1116 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 3 49 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 442:463 arg1 method 465:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method 442:470 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 442:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 3 49 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 442:463 arg1 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 BET 473:475 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 30471398 9 50 from cycle 1201:1205 arg1 percentages 1143:1153 removal percentages 1135:1153 removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle 1135:1205 Regeneration study showed that dyes were successfully desorbed from A-B 1/1 and A-B 1/3 with removal percentages of 99.65% and 86.2% respectively in the first cycle. 30471398 10 51 theme dyes 1307:1310 arg1 dyes 1307:1310 dyes 1307:1310 dyes 1307:1310 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 10 51 theme dyes 1307:1310 arg1 variety 1296:1302 a wide variety 1289:1302 a wide variety of dyes 1289:1310 Hybrid alginate-bentonite composites are low-cost, effective and regenerable for a wide variety of dyes. 30471398 1 52 theme extrusion 143:151 arg1 method 153:158 the extrusion method 139:158 the extrusion method 139:158 Using the extrusion method, novel hybrid beads were prepared from natural bentonite and alginate. 30471398 7 53 theme A-B 875:877 arg1 1/1 879:881 A-B 1/1 875:881 A-B 1/1 875:881 Adsorption capacities of MB onto A-B 1/1 and CR onto A-B 1/3 were 1171 and 95.55 mg/g respectively. 30471398 5 54 theme justifying 734:743 arg1 adsorption 771:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption 715:780 The results showed that isotherms were well described by the Langmuir model justifying monolayer and homogeneous adsorption. 30471398 2 55 theme clay 243:246 arg1 ratios 248:253 clay ratios 243:253 clay ratios 243:253 Alginate to clay ratios was varied (1/1; 1/2 and 1/3) and used to eliminate two dyes (methylene blue and Congo red). 30471398 3 56 theme N2 483:484 arg1 isotherm 508:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm 483:515 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K 483:523 Adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET) from N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm at 77 K, and the point of zero charge (pHPZC). 31151533 5 0 contain had 792:794 arg1 chitosan 783:790 carboxymethyl chitosan 769:790 carboxymethyl chitosan 769:790 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 5 0 contain had 792:794 arg2 effect 811:816 a plasticizing effect 796:816 a plasticizing effect 796:816 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 1 1 theme addition 171:178 arg1 effect 157:162 the effect 153:162 the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films 153:297 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 1 2 theme films 293:297 arg1 properties 224:233 structural properties 213:233 structural properties 213:233 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 1 2 theme films 293:297 arg1 activity 253:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 4 3 from IU/ml 643:647 arg1 addition 619:626 the addition 615:626 the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml 615:647 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 5 4 theme plasticizing 798:809 arg1 effect 811:816 a plasticizing effect 796:816 a plasticizing effect 796:816 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 4 5 theme physico-chemical 712:727 arg1 properties 729:738 physico-chemical properties 712:738 physico-chemical properties of films 712:747 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 6 6 theme chitosan 941:948 arg1 films 932:936 nisin-incorporated blend films 907:936 nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 907:975 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 2 7 dep added 413:417 arg1 IU/ml 437:441 0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml 420:441 0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml 420:441 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 6 8 theme chitosan 1044:1051 arg1 counterparts 1053:1064 their pure chitosan counterparts 1033:1064 their pure chitosan counterparts 1033:1064 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 5 9 theme other 757:761 arg1 hand 763:766 the other hand 753:766 the other hand 753:766 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 4 10 theme chitosan 594:601 arg1 ratio 608:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 5 11 theme carboxymethyl 769:781 arg1 chitosan 783:790 carboxymethyl chitosan 769:790 carboxymethyl chitosan 769:790 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 6 12 theme pure 1039:1042 arg1 counterparts 1053:1064 their pure chitosan counterparts 1033:1064 their pure chitosan counterparts 1033:1064 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 7 13 theme chitosan 1181:1188 arg1 films 1145:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films 1116:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1116:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 2 14 theme chitosan 327:334 arg1 solutions 336:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 1 15 theme carboxymethyl 183:195 arg1 chitosan 197:204 carboxymethyl chitosan 183:204 carboxymethyl chitosan 183:204 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 6 16 theme blend 926:930 arg1 films 932:936 nisin-incorporated blend films 907:936 nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 907:975 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 4 17 theme NIS 631:633 arg1 addition 619:626 the addition 615:626 the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml 615:647 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 2 18 theme carboxymethyl 313:325 arg1 solutions 336:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 1 19 theme chitosan 197:204 arg1 addition 171:178 the addition 167:178 the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan 167:204 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 6 20 theme nisin-incorporated 907:924 arg1 films 932:936 nisin-incorporated blend films 907:936 nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 907:975 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 1 21 from effect 157:162 arg1 properties 224:233 structural properties 213:233 structural properties 213:233 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 1 21 from effect 157:162 arg1 activity 253:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 2 22 theme mass 375:378 arg1 ratios 380:385 different mass ratios 365:385 different mass ratios 365:385 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 7 23 theme carboxymethyl 1167:1179 arg1 chitosan 1181:1188 carboxymethyl chitosan 1167:1188 carboxymethyl chitosan 1167:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 2 24 theme different 365:373 arg1 ratios 380:385 different mass ratios 365:385 different mass ratios 365:385 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 7 25 theme food 1256:1259 arg1 safety 1261:1266 food safety 1256:1266 food safety 1256:1266 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 1 26 theme work 129:132 arg1 objective 111:119 The objective 107:119 The objective of this work 107:132 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 1 27 theme structural 213:222 arg1 properties 224:233 structural properties 213:233 structural properties 213:233 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 7 28 theme chitosan 1154:1161 arg1 films 1145:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films 1116:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1116:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 6 29 theme carboxymethyl 954:966 arg1 chitosan 968:975 carboxymethyl chitosan 954:975 carboxymethyl chitosan 954:975 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 3 30 theme physico-chemical 493:508 arg1 properties 528:537 their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties 487:537 their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties 487:537 Filmogenic solutions were cast, dried and their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. 31151533 0 31 theme nisin-incorporated 49:66 arg1 chitosan 91:98 nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan 49:98 nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan 49:98 Physico-chemical and antilisterial properties of nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan films. 31151533 6 32 theme Listeria 1005:1012 arg1 monocytogenes 1014:1026 Listeria monocytogenes 1005:1026 Listeria monocytogenes 1005:1026 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 7 33 theme composite 1135:1143 arg1 films 1145:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films 1116:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1116:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 3 34 theme Filmogenic 445:454 arg1 solutions 456:464 Filmogenic solutions 445:464 Filmogenic solutions 445:464 Filmogenic solutions were cast, dried and their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. 31151533 4 35 theme chitosan/carboxymethyl 571:592 arg1 ratio 608:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 7 36 theme films 1145:1149 arg1 formulations 1100:1111 different formulations 1090:1111 different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1090:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 4 37 dep macro- 671:676 arg1 the 667:669 the 667:669 the 667:669 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 1 38 theme antilisterial 239:251 arg1 activity 253:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 antilisterial activity 239:260 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 0 39 theme chitosan 91:98 arg1 Physico-chemical 0:15 Physico-chemical 0:15 Physico-chemical 0:15 Physico-chemical and antilisterial properties of nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan films. 31151533 4 40 theme same 566:569 arg1 ratio 608:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 3 41 dep cast 471:474 arg1 dried 477:481 dried 477:481 dried 477:481 Filmogenic solutions were cast, dried and their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. 31151533 4 42 theme films 743:747 arg1 properties 729:738 physico-chemical properties 712:738 physico-chemical properties of films 712:747 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 0 43 theme chitosan/carboxymethyl 68:89 arg1 chitosan 91:98 nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan 49:98 nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan 49:98 Physico-chemical and antilisterial properties of nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan films. 31151533 4 44 theme mass 603:606 arg1 ratio 608:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio 562:612 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 7 45 theme nisin-incorporated 1116:1133 arg1 films 1145:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films 1116:1149 nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1116:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 2 46 theme bacteriocin 391:401 arg1 nisin 403:407 bacteriocin nisin 391:407 bacteriocin nisin 391:407 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 1 47 dep properties 224:233 arg1 the 209:211 the 209:211 the 209:211 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 7 48 theme different 1090:1098 arg1 formulations 1100:1111 different formulations 1090:1111 different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 1090:1188 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 2 49 theme Chitosan 300:307 arg1 solutions 336:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions 300:344 Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan solutions were prepared with different mass ratios and bacteriocin nisin was added (0, 1000 and 6000 IU/ml). 31151533 3 50 theme antimicrobial 514:526 arg1 properties 528:537 their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties 487:537 their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties 487:537 Filmogenic solutions were cast, dried and their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. 31151533 4 51 from changes 656:662 arg1 macro- 671:676 macro- 671:676 macro- 671:676 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 4 51 from changes 656:662 arg1 properties 729:738 physico-chemical properties 712:738 physico-chemical properties of films 712:747 For the same chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan mass ratio, the addition of NIS at 6000 IU/ml led to changes in the macro- and microstructure, as well as in physico-chemical properties of films. 31151533 5 52 theme biopolymer 878:887 arg1 matrix 889:894 the biopolymer matrix 874:894 the biopolymer matrix 874:894 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 5 53 theme bacteriocin 855:865 arg1 distribution 835:846 the distribution 831:846 the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix 831:894 On the other hand, carboxymethyl chitosan had a plasticizing effect and enhanced the distribution of the bacteriocin within the biopolymer matrix. 31151533 1 54 theme nisin-incorporated 265:282 arg1 films 293:297 nisin-incorporated chitosan films 265:297 nisin-incorporated chitosan films 265:297 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31151533 7 55 theme bioactive 1225:1233 arg1 packaging 1235:1243 bioactive packaging 1225:1243 bioactive packaging 1225:1243 This study showed that different formulations of nisin-incorporated composite films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan may provide options for developing bioactive packaging to improve food safety. 31151533 6 56 theme chitosan 968:975 arg1 films 932:936 nisin-incorporated blend films 907:936 nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan 907:975 Moreover, nisin-incorporated blend films of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan were more effective against Listeria monocytogenes than their pure chitosan counterparts. 31151533 0 57 dep Physico-chemical 0:15 arg1 properties 35:44 properties 35:44 properties 35:44 Physico-chemical and antilisterial properties of nisin-incorporated chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan films. 31151533 1 58 theme chitosan 284:291 arg1 films 293:297 nisin-incorporated chitosan films 265:297 nisin-incorporated chitosan films 265:297 The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of the addition of carboxymethyl chitosan on the structural properties and antilisterial activity of nisin-incorporated chitosan films. 31887922 5 0 theme vascular 849:856 arg1 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 0 theme vascular 849:856 arg1 factor 877:882 vascular endothelial growth factor 849:882 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 3 1 theme gelation 505:512 arg1 time 514:517 gelation time 505:517 gelation time of 5-7 min 505:528 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 3 2 theme 5-7 min 522:528 arg1 time 514:517 gelation time 505:517 gelation time of 5-7 min 505:528 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 5 3 from rate 756:759 arg1 group 783:787 Hst1-H group 776:787 Hst1-H group 776:787 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 4 theme growth 870:875 arg1 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 4 theme growth 870:875 arg1 factor 877:882 vascular endothelial growth factor 849:882 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 5 theme CD31 828:831 arg1 more 953:956 more 953:956 more 953:956 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 5 theme CD31 828:831 arg1 cells 842:846 the CD31 positive cells 824:846 the CD31 positive cells 824:846 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 6 theme in 713:714 arg1 evaluation 729:738 The in vivo healing evaluation 709:738 The in vivo healing evaluation 709:738 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 7 theme factor 877:882 arg1 cells 900:904 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 1 8 theme extensive 179:187 arg1 loss 194:197 extensive skin loss 179:197 extensive skin loss 179:197 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 3 9 with hydrogels 490:498 arg1 time 514:517 gelation time 505:517 gelation time of 5-7 min 505:528 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 6 10 theme wound 1045:1049 arg1 healing 1051:1057 wound healing 1045:1057 wound healing 1045:1057 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 1 11 theme skin 189:192 arg1 loss 194:197 extensive skin loss 179:197 extensive skin loss 179:197 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 0 12 theme thiolated 19:27 arg1 hydrogels 38:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels enhance wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 3 13 theme composite 480:488 arg1 hydrogels 490:498 The composite hydrogels 476:498 The composite hydrogels 476:498 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 5 14 theme positive 833:840 arg1 more 953:956 more 953:956 more 953:956 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 14 theme positive 833:840 arg1 cells 842:846 the CD31 positive cells 824:846 the CD31 positive cells 824:846 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 1 15 theme loss 194:197 arg1 treatments 165:174 effective treatments 155:174 effective treatments of extensive skin loss 155:197 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 0 16 theme Histatin1-modified 0:17 arg1 hydrogels 38:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels enhance wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 2 17 theme chitosan 304:311 arg1 hydrogel 320:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel 276:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis 276:473 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 5 18 theme positive 891:898 arg1 cells 900:904 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 2 19 theme thiolated 294:302 arg1 hydrogel 320:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel 276:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis 276:473 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 1 20 theme wherein 200:206 arg1 lack 208:211 wherein lack 200:211 wherein lack of angiogenesis 200:227 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 1 20 theme wherein 200:206 arg1 obstacle 240:247 a major obstacle 232:247 a major obstacle 232:247 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 0 21 theme chitosan 29:36 arg1 hydrogels 38:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels 0:46 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels enhance wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 5 22 dep in 713:714 arg1 vivo 716:719 vivo 716:719 vivo 716:719 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 2 23 theme thermosensitive 278:292 arg1 hydrogel 320:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel 276:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis 276:473 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 0 24 theme wound 56:60 arg1 healing 62:68 wound healing 56:68 wound healing 56:68 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels enhance wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 6 25 theme promising 1021:1029 arg1 hydrogel 1007:1014 CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel 997:1014 CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel 997:1014 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 6 25 theme promising 1021:1029 arg1 candidate 1031:1039 a promising candidate 1019:1039 a promising candidate for wound healing 1019:1057 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 5 26 theme controlled 967:976 arg1 groups 978:983 the controlled groups 963:983 the controlled groups 963:983 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 4 27 dep adhesion 599:606 arg1 the 595:597 the 595:597 the 595:597 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 5 28 theme Hst1-H 776:781 arg1 group 783:787 Hst1-H group 776:787 Hst1-H group 776:787 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 2 29 theme wound 367:371 arg1 dressing 373:380 a wound dressing 365:380 a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis 365:473 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 2 30 attach present 268:274 arg2 we 265:266 we 265:266 we 265:266 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 2 30 attach present 268:274 arg1 study 258:262 this study 253:262 this study 253:262 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 5 31 theme healing 721:727 arg1 evaluation 729:738 The in vivo healing evaluation 709:738 The in vivo healing evaluation 709:738 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 32 theme aligned 910:916 arg1 fibers 927:932 aligned collagen fibers 910:932 aligned collagen fibers 910:932 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 1 33 theme angiogenesis 216:227 arg1 lack 208:211 wherein lack 200:211 wherein lack of angiogenesis 200:227 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 1 33 theme angiogenesis 216:227 arg1 obstacle 240:247 a major obstacle 232:247 a major obstacle 232:247 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 5 34 theme collagen 918:925 arg1 fibers 927:932 aligned collagen fibers 910:932 aligned collagen fibers 910:932 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 2 35 theme cell 421:424 arg1 adhesion 426:433 the cell adhesion 417:433 the cell adhesion 417:433 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 3 36 theme prolonged 540:548 arg1 release 550:556 a prolonged release 538:556 a prolonged release of Hst1 538:564 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 4 37 theme HUVECs 654:659 arg1 formation 641:649 tubule formation 634:649 tubule formation 634:649 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 4 37 theme HUVECs 654:659 arg1 spreading 609:617 spreading 609:617 spreading 609:617 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 4 37 theme HUVECs 654:659 arg1 adhesion 599:606 adhesion 599:606 adhesion 599:606 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 4 37 theme HUVECs 654:659 arg1 migration 620:628 migration 620:628 migration 620:628 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 4 38 theme Hst1-H 695:700 arg1 group 702:706 the Hst1-H group 691:706 the Hst1-H group 691:706 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 5 39 theme endothelial 858:868 arg1 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 VEGF 885:888 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 5 39 theme endothelial 858:868 arg1 factor 877:882 vascular endothelial growth factor 849:882 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells 849:904 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 2 40 theme CSSH 314:317 arg1 hydrogel 320:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel 276:327 a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis 276:473 In this study, we present a thermosensitive thiolated chitosan (CSSH) hydrogel conjugated with Histatin1 (Hst1) as a wound dressing to study its efficacy in enhancing the cell adhesion, spreading, migration, and angiogenesis. 31887922 0 41 theme cell 86:89 arg1 adhesion 91:98 cell adhesion 86:98 cell adhesion 86:98 Histatin1-modified thiolated chitosan hydrogels enhance wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 6 42 theme CSSH/Hst1 997:1005 arg1 hydrogel 1007:1014 CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel 997:1014 CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel 997:1014 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 6 42 theme CSSH/Hst1 997:1005 arg1 candidate 1031:1039 a promising candidate 1019:1039 a promising candidate for wound healing 1019:1057 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 3 43 theme Hst1 561:564 arg1 release 550:556 a prolonged release 538:556 a prolonged release of Hst1 538:564 The composite hydrogels with gelation time of 5-7 min, showed a prolonged release of Hst1. 31887922 5 44 theme recovery 764:771 arg1 rate 756:759 the rate 752:759 the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group 752:787 The in vivo healing evaluation showed that the rate of recovery in Hst1-H group was increased to 84% at day 7, and the CD31 positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) positive cells and aligned collagen fibers were significantly more than the controlled groups. 31887922 4 45 theme tubule 634:639 arg1 formation 641:649 tubule formation 634:649 tubule formation 634:649 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 31887922 6 46 theme cell 1075:1078 arg1 adhesion 1080:1087 cell adhesion 1075:1087 cell adhesion 1075:1087 Therefore, CSSH/Hst1 hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing by accelerating cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. 31887922 1 47 theme major 234:238 arg1 lack 208:211 wherein lack 200:211 wherein lack of angiogenesis 200:227 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 1 47 theme major 234:238 arg1 obstacle 240:247 a major obstacle 232:247 a major obstacle 232:247 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 1 48 theme effective 155:163 arg1 treatments 165:174 effective treatments 155:174 effective treatments of extensive skin loss 155:197 It is urgently needed for effective treatments of extensive skin loss, wherein lack of angiogenesis is a major obstacle. 31887922 4 49 theme Cell 567:570 arg1 culture 572:578 Cell culture 567:578 Cell culture 567:578 Cell culture indicated that the adhesion, spreading, migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were promoted, especially for the Hst1-H group. 29469610 1 0 from expression 172:181 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 0 from expression 172:181 arg1 formation 215:223 biofilm formation 207:223 biofilm formation 207:223 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 2 1 theme matrix 393:398 arg1 composition 400:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 1 2 theme commensal 250:258 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 0 3 theme epidermidis 85:95 arg1 isolates 97:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 4 4 theme icaA 691:694 arg1 expression 696:705 icaA expression 691:705 icaA expression 691:705 In contrast, smaller increases in icaA expression contributed significantly to biofilm growth. 29469610 1 5 theme bhp 163:165 arg1 expression 172:181 bhp gene expression 163:181 bhp gene expression 163:181 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 6 6 theme main 974:977 arg1 mechanism 979:987 the main mechanism 970:987 the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates 970:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 6 theme main 974:977 arg1 operon 960:965 the ica operon 952:965 the ica operon 952:965 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 2 7 theme METHODS 308:314 arg1 Isolates 316:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 3 8 theme high 630:633 arg1 levels 635:640 very high levels 625:640 very high levels of expression 625:654 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 1 9 theme epidermidis 275:285 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 0 10 from expression 56:65 arg1 isolates 97:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 2 11 theme & 306:306 arg1 Isolates 316:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 6 12 from mechanism 979:987 arg1 isolates 1036:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 1 13 from aap 155:157 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 13 from aap 155:157 arg1 formation 215:223 biofilm formation 207:223 biofilm formation 207:223 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 2 14 theme MATERIAL 297:304 arg1 Isolates 316:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates 297:323 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 1 15 theme gene 167:170 arg1 expression 172:181 bhp gene expression 163:181 bhp gene expression 163:181 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 3 16 theme polysaccharide 494:507 arg1 biofilms 541:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 0 17 from formation 37:45 arg1 isolates 97:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 18 from ica 150:152 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 18 from ica 150:152 arg1 formation 215:223 biofilm formation 207:223 biofilm formation 207:223 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 6 19 dep pathogen 932:939 arg1 and 943:945 and 943:945 and 943:945 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 2 20 theme spatial 421:427 arg1 organization 429:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 0 21 theme Comparative 0:10 arg1 analysis 12:19 Comparative analysis 0:19 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 0:105 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 2 22 theme biofilm 413:419 arg1 organization 429:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 0 23 theme biofilm 29:35 arg1 formation 37:45 biofilm formation 29:45 biofilm formation 29:45 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 2 24 theme genes 476:480 arg1 capacity 371:378 their biofilm-forming capacity 349:378 their biofilm-forming capacity 349:378 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 2 24 theme genes 476:480 arg1 organization 429:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 biofilm spatial organization 413:440 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 2 24 theme genes 476:480 arg1 composition 400:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 2 24 theme genes 476:480 arg1 expression 446:455 expression 446:455 expression of biofilm-related genes 446:480 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 2 25 theme biochemical 381:391 arg1 composition 400:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 biochemical matrix composition 381:410 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 2 26 theme biofilm-related 460:474 arg1 genes 476:480 biofilm-related genes 460:480 biofilm-related genes 460:480 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 6 27 theme commensal 1026:1034 arg1 isolates 1036:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 3 28 theme intercellular 509:521 arg1 biofilms 541:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 1 29 theme biofilm 207:213 arg1 formation 215:223 biofilm formation 207:223 biofilm formation 207:223 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 4 30 theme biofilm 736:742 arg1 growth 744:749 biofilm growth 736:749 biofilm growth 736:749 In contrast, smaller increases in icaA expression contributed significantly to biofilm growth. 29469610 6 31 dep and 943:945 arg1 mechanism 979:987 the main mechanism 970:987 the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates 970:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 31 dep and 943:945 arg1 operon 960:965 the ica operon 952:965 the ica operon 952:965 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 3 32 theme adhesin-dependent 523:539 arg1 biofilms 541:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 6 33 theme clinical 1013:1020 arg1 isolates 1036:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 clinical and commensal isolates 1013:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 3 34 theme expression 645:654 arg1 levels 635:640 very high levels 625:640 very high levels of expression 625:654 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 3 35 theme bhp 559:561 arg1 contributions 563:575 bhp contributions 559:575 bhp contributions 559:575 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 0 36 theme gene 51:54 arg1 expression 56:65 gene expression 51:65 gene expression 51:65 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 37 from implications 191:202 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 1 37 from implications 191:202 arg1 formation 215:223 biofilm formation 207:223 biofilm formation 207:223 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 6 38 theme ica 956:958 arg1 mechanism 979:987 the main mechanism 970:987 the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates 970:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 38 theme ica 956:958 arg1 operon 960:965 the ica operon 952:965 the ica operon 952:965 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 39 theme formation 1000:1008 arg1 mechanism 979:987 the main mechanism 970:987 the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates 970:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 39 theme formation 1000:1008 arg1 operon 960:965 the ica operon 952:965 the ica operon 952:965 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 5 40 dep clinical 815:822 arg1 strains 838:844 strains 838:844 strains 838:844 Interestingly, no biological differences were observed between clinical and commensal strains. 29469610 2 41 theme biofilm-forming 355:369 arg1 capacity 371:378 their biofilm-forming capacity 349:378 their biofilm-forming capacity 349:378 MATERIAL & METHODS Isolates were analyzed regarding their biofilm-forming capacity, biochemical matrix composition, biofilm spatial organization and expression of biofilm-related genes. 29469610 4 42 theme smaller 670:676 arg1 increases 678:686 smaller increases 670:686 smaller increases in icaA expression 670:705 In contrast, smaller increases in icaA expression contributed significantly to biofilm growth. 29469610 5 43 theme biological 770:779 arg1 differences 781:791 no biological differences 767:791 no biological differences 767:791 Interestingly, no biological differences were observed between clinical and commensal strains. 29469610 6 44 theme accidental 921:930 arg1 pathogen 932:939 an 'accidental pathogen 917:939 an 'accidental pathogen 917:939 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 44 theme accidental 921:930 arg1 epidermidis 902:912 S. epidermidis 899:912 S. epidermidis 899:912 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 44 theme accidental 921:930 arg1 ' 941:941 ' 941:941 ' 941:941 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 1 45 theme selected 228:235 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 0 46 theme Staphylococcus 70:83 arg1 isolates 97:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 70:104 Comparative analysis between biofilm formation and gene expression in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 3 47 from RESULTS 483:489 arg1 aap 551:553 aap 551:553 aap 551:553 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 3 47 from RESULTS 483:489 arg1 contributions 563:575 bhp contributions 559:575 bhp contributions 559:575 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 3 47 from RESULTS 483:489 arg1 biofilms 541:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms 494:548 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 3 48 theme biofilm 585:591 arg1 growth 593:598 the biofilm growth 581:598 the biofilm growth 581:598 RESULTS On polysaccharide intercellular adhesin-dependent biofilms, aap and bhp contributions for the biofilm growth were negligible, despite very high levels of expression. 29469610 1 49 theme clinical 237:244 arg1 isolates 287:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates 228:294 AIM To understand the relationship between ica, aap and bhp gene expression and the implications in biofilm formation in selected clinical and commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. 29469610 4 50 from increases 678:686 arg1 expression 696:705 icaA expression 691:705 icaA expression 691:705 In contrast, smaller increases in icaA expression contributed significantly to biofilm growth. 29469610 6 51 theme biofilm 992:998 arg1 formation 1000:1008 biofilm formation 992:1008 biofilm formation 992:1008 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 29469610 6 52 dep CONCLUSION 847:856 arg1 reinforce 872:880 reinforce 872:880 reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates 872:1043 CONCLUSION These results reinforce the concept that S. epidermidis is an 'accidental pathogen,' and that the ica operon is the main mechanism of biofilm formation in clinical and commensal isolates. 30672327 0 0 theme multivariate 76:87 arg1 analysis 89:96 multivariate analysis 76:96 multivariate analysis 76:96 Evaluating the effect of antiscalants on membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis. 30672327 0 1 from effect 15:20 arg1 biofouling 50:59 membrane biofouling 41:59 membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis 41:96 Evaluating the effect of antiscalants on membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis. 30672327 1 2 theme spectroscopy 150:161 arg1 combination 101:111 A combination 99:111 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays 99:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 3 theme membrane 274:281 arg1 biofouling 283:292 membrane biofouling 274:292 membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants 274:331 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 3 4 theme unit 706:709 arg1 counts 717:722 unit (CFU) counts 706:722 unit (CFU) counts 706:722 The growth of the bacterium was also highly affected by the type of antiscalants as shown by the colony forming unit (CFU) counts. 30672327 5 5 theme effect 1010:1015 arg1 prediction 992:1001 faster prediction 985:1001 faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling 985:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 2 6 theme reverse 373:379 arg1 membranes 389:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes 363:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 363:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 5 7 from biofouling 1036:1045 arg1 prediction 992:1001 faster prediction 985:1001 faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling 985:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 2 8 theme osmosis 381:387 arg1 membranes 389:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes 363:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 363:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 4 9 theme component 766:774 arg1 PCA 786:788 PCA 786:788 PCA 786:788 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 4 9 theme component 766:774 arg1 analysis 776:783 principle component analysis 756:783 principle component analysis (PCA) 756:789 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 1 10 theme multivariate 164:175 arg1 analysis 177:184 multivariate analysis 164:184 multivariate analysis 164:184 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 4 11 theme polymer 917:923 arg1 antiscalant 925:935 polymer antiscalant 917:935 polymer antiscalant 917:935 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 4 12 theme principle 756:764 arg1 PCA 786:788 PCA 786:788 PCA 786:788 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 4 12 theme principle 756:764 arg1 analysis 776:783 principle component analysis 756:783 principle component analysis (PCA) 756:789 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 1 13 theme analysis 177:184 arg1 combination 101:111 A combination 99:111 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays 99:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 14 theme conventional 190:201 arg1 assays 219:224 conventional microbiological assays 190:224 conventional microbiological assays 190:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 2 15 theme model 465:469 arg1 microorganism 471:483 model microorganism 465:483 model microorganism 465:483 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 4 16 theme FTIR 795:798 arg1 techniques 742:751 the techniques 738:751 the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR 738:798 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 1 17 theme microbiological 203:217 arg1 assays 219:224 conventional microbiological assays 190:224 conventional microbiological assays 190:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 5 18 theme antiscalants 1020:1031 arg1 effect 1010:1015 the effect 1006:1015 the effect of antiscalants on biofouling 1006:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 1 19 theme assays 219:224 arg1 combination 101:111 A combination 99:111 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays 99:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 20 theme antiscalants 320:331 arg1 presence 308:315 the presence 304:315 the presence of antiscalants 304:331 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 21 used utilized 231:238 arg2 combination 101:111 A combination 99:111 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays 99:224 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 2 22 theme H. 447:448 arg1 aquamarina 450:459 H. aquamarina 447:459 H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 447:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 0 23 theme antiscalants 25:36 arg1 effect 15:20 the effect 11:20 the effect of antiscalants on membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis 11:96 Evaluating the effect of antiscalants on membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis. 30672327 3 24 theme bacterium 612:620 arg1 growth 598:603 The growth 594:603 The growth of the bacterium 594:620 The growth of the bacterium was also highly affected by the type of antiscalants as shown by the colony forming unit (CFU) counts. 30672327 4 25 used used 941:944 arg2 antiscalant 925:935 polymer antiscalant 917:935 polymer antiscalant 917:935 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 5 26 theme faster 985:990 arg1 prediction 992:1001 faster prediction 985:1001 faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling 985:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 2 27 theme biofouled 363:371 arg1 membranes 389:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes 363:397 biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 363:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 0 28 theme membrane 41:48 arg1 biofouling 50:59 membrane biofouling 41:59 membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis 41:96 Evaluating the effect of antiscalants on membrane biofouling using FTIR and multivariate analysis. 30672327 1 29 theme Fourier-transform 116:132 arg1 spectroscopy 150:161 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 116:161 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 116:161 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 29 theme Fourier-transform 116:132 arg1 FTIR 144:147 FTIR 144:147 FTIR 144:147 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 5 30 from prediction 992:1001 arg1 biofouling 1036:1045 biofouling 1036:1045 biofouling 1036:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 1 31 theme infrared 134:141 arg1 spectroscopy 150:161 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 116:161 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 116:161 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 1 31 theme infrared 134:141 arg1 FTIR 144:147 FTIR 144:147 FTIR 144:147 A combination of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, multivariate analysis and conventional microbiological assays were utilized to characterize and differentiate membrane biofouling formed in the presence of antiscalants. 30672327 2 32 theme antiscalants 575:586 arg1 type 567:570 the type 563:570 the type of antiscalants used 563:591 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 3 33 theme antiscalants 662:673 arg1 type 654:657 the type 650:657 the type of antiscalants 650:673 The growth of the bacterium was also highly affected by the type of antiscalants as shown by the colony forming unit (CFU) counts. 30672327 4 34 theme analysis 776:783 arg1 techniques 742:751 the techniques 738:751 the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR 738:798 By combining the techniques of principle component analysis (PCA) and FTIR, it was demonstrated that the biofouling was more intense and composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids, when polymer antiscalant was used. 30672327 2 35 theme FTIR 347:350 arg1 spectra 352:358 the FTIR spectra 343:358 the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 343:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 5 36 from effect 1010:1015 arg1 biofouling 1036:1045 biofouling 1036:1045 biofouling 1036:1045 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 2 37 theme biofouling 509:518 arg1 intensity 520:528 the biofouling intensity 505:528 the biofouling intensity 505:528 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 2 37 theme biofouling 509:518 arg1 dependent 550:558 dependent 550:558 dependent 550:558 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 30672327 5 38 theme CFU 973:975 arg1 counts 977:982 CFU counts 973:982 CFU counts 973:982 By applying PCA-FTIR with CFU counts, faster prediction of the effect of antiscalants on biofouling was made possible. 30672327 2 39 theme membranes 389:397 arg1 spectra 352:358 the FTIR spectra 343:358 the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism) 343:484 Based on the FTIR spectra of biofouled reverse osmosis membranes obtained after incubating with antiscalants and H. aquamarina (as model microorganism), it was found that the biofouling intensity and composition was dependent on the type of antiscalants used. 31185243 4 0 theme oil/water 894:902 arg1 mixtures 904:911 various oil/water mixtures 886:911 various oil/water mixtures 886:911 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 2 1 theme inert 392:396 arg1 characterisitics 398:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 2 2 theme hydrogel 514:521 arg1 deposition 497:506 deposition 497:506 deposition of CA hydrogel 497:521 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 2 3 contain possess 365:371 arg2 characterisitics 398:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 2 3 contain possess 365:371 arg1 meshes 358:363 meshes 358:363 meshes 358:363 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 4 4 theme various 886:892 arg1 mixtures 904:911 various oil/water mixtures 886:911 various oil/water mixtures 886:911 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 2 5 theme chemical 383:390 arg1 characterisitics 398:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 1 6 theme self-assembly 275:287 arg1 method 289:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method 251:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents 251:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 0 7 theme oil/water 110:118 arg1 separation 120:129 oil/water separation 110:129 oil/water separation 110:129 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 2 8 theme extraordinary 556:568 arg1 superoleophobicity 581:598 extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 556:598 extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 556:598 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 7 9 theme outstanding 1160:1170 arg1 performances 1172:1183 These outstanding performances 1154:1183 These outstanding performances 1154:1183 These outstanding performances made it a promise for oil/water separation in the future. 31185243 5 10 theme separation 993:1002 arg1 process 1004:1010 This separation process 988:1010 This separation process 988:1010 This separation process was spontaneous and only driven by gravity. 31185243 2 11 theme intrinsic 373:381 arg1 characterisitics 398:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics 373:413 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 6 12 theme organic 1136:1142 arg1 solvents 1144:1151 corrosive organic solvents 1126:1151 corrosive organic solvents 1126:1151 Furthermore, as-prepared meshes still maintained high stability under corrosive organic solvents. 31185243 6 13 theme high 1105:1108 arg1 stability 1110:1118 high stability 1105:1118 high stability 1105:1118 Furthermore, as-prepared meshes still maintained high stability under corrosive organic solvents. 31185243 4 14 contain possessed 772:780 arg2 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 14 contain possessed 772:780 arg2 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 14 contain possessed 772:780 arg2 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 14 contain possessed 772:780 arg1 meshes 758:763 The obtained meshes 745:763 The obtained meshes 745:763 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 14 contain possessed 772:780 arg2 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 0 15 theme durable 31:37 arg1 hydrogel 83:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 4 16 theme ~154.3° 823:829 arg1 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 16 theme ~154.3° 823:829 arg1 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 16 theme ~154.3° 823:829 arg1 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 16 theme ~154.3° 823:829 arg1 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 2 17 theme CA 426:427 arg1 precoating 453:462 a precoating 451:462 a precoating 451:462 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 2 17 theme CA 426:427 arg1 layer 429:433 the first CA layer 416:433 the first CA layer 416:433 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 0 18 theme green 2:6 arg1 strategy 8:15 A green strategy 0:15 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 0:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 2 19 theme first 420:424 arg1 precoating 453:462 a precoating 451:462 a precoating 451:462 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 2 19 theme first 420:424 arg1 layer 429:433 the first CA layer 416:433 the first CA layer 416:433 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 4 20 theme contact 799:805 arg1 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 20 theme contact 799:805 arg1 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 7 21 theme oil/water 1207:1215 arg1 separation 1217:1226 oil/water separation 1207:1226 oil/water separation 1207:1226 These outstanding performances made it a promise for oil/water separation in the future. 31185243 4 22 theme maximum 943:949 arg1 flux 957:960 maximum water flux 943:960 maximum water flux 943:960 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 2 23 theme underwater 570:579 arg1 superoleophobicity 581:598 extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 556:598 extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 556:598 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 1 24 theme toxic 315:319 arg1 agents 344:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 6 25 theme corrosive 1126:1134 arg1 solvents 1144:1151 corrosive organic solvents 1126:1151 corrosive organic solvents 1126:1151 Furthermore, as-prepared meshes still maintained high stability under corrosive organic solvents. 31185243 2 26 theme CA 511:512 arg1 hydrogel 514:521 CA hydrogel 511:521 CA hydrogel 511:521 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 3 27 theme resultant 720:728 arg1 surfaces 735:742 resultant mesh surfaces 720:742 resultant mesh surfaces 720:742 All results proved that CA was introduced to generate both hydrophilic chemical compositions and rough structures onto resultant mesh surfaces. 31185243 2 28 dep employed 439:446 arg1 facilitated 485:495 facilitated 485:495 facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 485:598 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 6 29 theme as-prepared 1069:1079 arg1 meshes 1081:1086 as-prepared meshes 1069:1086 as-prepared meshes 1069:1086 Furthermore, as-prepared meshes still maintained high stability under corrosive organic solvents. 31185243 1 30 theme expensive 324:332 arg1 agents 344:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 4 31 theme water 951:955 arg1 flux 957:960 maximum water flux 943:960 maximum water flux 943:960 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 3 32 theme rough 698:702 arg1 structures 704:713 rough structures 698:713 rough structures 698:713 All results proved that CA was introduced to generate both hydrophilic chemical compositions and rough structures onto resultant mesh surfaces. 31185243 0 33 theme superoleophobic 50:64 arg1 hydrogel 83:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 1 34 theme modifying 334:342 arg1 agents 344:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 any toxic or expensive modifying agents 311:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 0 35 theme calcium 66:72 arg1 hydrogel 83:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 1 36 theme Superhydrophilic 132:147 arg1 meshes 218:223 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes 132:223 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) 132:231 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 1 36 theme Superhydrophilic 132:147 arg1 CAHMs 226:230 CAHMs 226:230 CAHMs 226:230 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 0 37 theme underwater 39:48 arg1 hydrogel 83:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 4 38 theme ~7° 866:868 arg1 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 38 theme ~7° 866:868 arg1 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 38 theme ~7° 866:868 arg1 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 38 theme ~7° 866:868 arg1 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 39 theme sliding 843:849 arg1 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 39 theme sliding 843:849 arg1 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 40 theme oil 839:841 arg1 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 40 theme oil 839:841 arg1 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 41 theme oil 795:797 arg1 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 41 theme oil 795:797 arg1 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 3 42 theme mesh 730:733 arg1 surfaces 735:742 resultant mesh surfaces 720:742 resultant mesh surfaces 720:742 All results proved that CA was introduced to generate both hydrophilic chemical compositions and rough structures onto resultant mesh surfaces. 31185243 4 43 theme low 835:837 arg1 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 OSA 858:860 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 43 theme low 835:837 arg1 angle 851:855 low oil sliding angle 835:855 low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7° 835:868 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 44 theme underwater 784:793 arg1 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 UOCA 814:817 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 44 theme underwater 784:793 arg1 angle 807:811 a underwater oil contact angle 782:811 a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° 782:829 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 0 45 theme alginate 74:81 arg1 hydrogel 83:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel 31:90 A green strategy for preparing durable underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate hydrogel coated-meshes for oil/water separation. 31185243 3 46 theme hydrophilic 660:670 arg1 compositions 681:692 hydrophilic chemical compositions 660:692 hydrophilic chemical compositions 660:692 All results proved that CA was introduced to generate both hydrophilic chemical compositions and rough structures onto resultant mesh surfaces. 31185243 1 47 theme hydrogel-coated 202:216 arg1 meshes 218:223 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes 132:223 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) 132:231 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 1 47 theme hydrogel-coated 202:216 arg1 CAHMs 226:230 CAHMs 226:230 CAHMs 226:230 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 1 48 theme green 253:257 arg1 method 289:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method 251:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents 251:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31185243 2 49 theme coordination 527:538 arg1 bonding 540:546 coordination bonding 527:546 coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity 527:598 Since meshes possess intrinsic chemical inert characterisitics, the first CA layer was employed as a precoating and then continually facilitated deposition of CA hydrogel via coordination bonding to form extraordinary underwater superoleophobicity. 31185243 3 50 theme chemical 672:679 arg1 compositions 681:692 hydrophilic chemical compositions 660:692 hydrophilic chemical compositions 660:692 All results proved that CA was introduced to generate both hydrophilic chemical compositions and rough structures onto resultant mesh surfaces. 31185243 4 51 theme obtained 749:756 arg1 meshes 758:763 The obtained meshes 745:763 The obtained meshes 745:763 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 4 52 with separate 877:884 arg1 efficiency 918:927 efficiency 918:927 efficiency 918:927 The obtained meshes, which possessed a underwater oil contact angle (UOCA) of ~154.3° and low oil sliding angle (OSA) of ~7°, could separate various oil/water mixtures with efficiency above 99% and maximum water flux up to 28,108.9 L·m-2·h-1. 31185243 1 53 theme dip-coating 259:269 arg1 method 289:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method 251:294 a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents 251:349 Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel-coated meshes (CAHMs) were prepared via a green dip-coating and self-assembly method without adding any toxic or expensive modifying agents. 31427002 11 0 theme economical 2099:2108 arg1 process 2110:2116 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 6 1 theme straw/cellulose/AmimCl 1149:1170 arg1 solutions 1172:1180 straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions 1149:1180 straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions 1149:1180 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 10 2 theme % 1933:1933 arg1 UVA 1935:1937 97% UVA 1931:1937 97% UVA (320-400 nm) 1931:1950 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 10 2 theme % 1933:1933 arg1 320-400 nm 1940:1949 320-400 nm 1940:1949 320-400 nm 1940:1949 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 3 3 theme wheat 553:557 arg1 straw 559:563 natural wheat straw 545:563 natural wheat straw 545:563 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 11 4 theme green 2089:2093 arg1 process 2110:2116 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 3 5 theme ionic 585:589 arg1 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 3 5 theme ionic 585:589 arg1 chloride 626:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride 581:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) 581:642 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 4 6 theme straw/cellulose 871:885 arg1 films 887:891 straw/cellulose films 871:891 straw/cellulose films 871:891 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 7 7 with films 1369:1373 arg1 strength 1396:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 5 8 theme shear 902:906 arg1 test 920:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 4 9 theme polymerization 701:714 arg1 degree 691:696 a high degree 684:696 a high degree of polymerization (DP) 684:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 11 10 theme value-added 2026:2036 arg1 utilization 2038:2048 the complete and value-added utilization 2009:2048 the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2009:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 11 11 theme low-grade 2053:2061 arg1 bioresources 2063:2074 low-grade bioresources 2053:2074 low-grade bioresources 2053:2074 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 4 12 theme cellulose 669:677 arg1 cellulose 669:677 cellulose 669:677 cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) 669:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 4 12 theme cellulose 669:677 arg1 amount 659:664 a small amount 651:664 a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) 651:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 5 13 theme entanglement 983:994 arg1 network 996:1002 an enhanced entanglement network 971:1002 an enhanced entanglement network 971:1002 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 0 14 theme UV-shielding 119:130 arg1 properties 132:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 3 15 theme 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium 598:624 arg1 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 3 15 theme 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium 598:624 arg1 chloride 626:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride 581:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) 581:642 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 1 16 theme agricultural 217:228 arg1 wastes 230:235 agricultural wastes 217:235 agricultural wastes 217:235 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 1 17 from wastes 230:235 arg1 materials 202:210 high-value-added materials 185:210 high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes 185:235 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 11 18 theme facile 2081:2086 arg1 process 2110:2116 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2079:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 8 19 theme straw/WP 1529:1536 arg1 film 1550:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 4 20 theme straw/cellulose/AmimCl 745:766 arg1 solutions 768:776 straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions 745:776 straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions 745:776 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 5 21 theme materials 1094:1102 arg1 processing 1054:1063 processing 1054:1063 processing 1054:1063 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 5 21 theme materials 1094:1102 arg1 properties 1080:1089 mechanical properties 1069:1089 mechanical properties 1069:1089 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 9 22 theme inorganic 1805:1813 arg1 compounds 1815:1823 inorganic compounds 1805:1823 inorganic compounds 1805:1823 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 7 23 from regeneration 1322:1333 arg1 water 1338:1342 water 1338:1342 water 1338:1342 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 6 24 theme break-up 1290:1297 arg1 time 1299:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 11 25 theme biodegradable 2232:2244 arg1 packaging 2275:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 11 26 theme great 2203:2207 arg1 potential 2209:2217 great potential 2203:2217 great potential 2203:2217 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 8 27 theme additional 1439:1448 arg1 pulp 1455:1458 additional wood pulp 1439:1458 additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) 1439:1474 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 0 28 theme high-strength 90:102 arg1 properties 132:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 8 29 theme 62 MPa 1585:1590 arg1 strength 1573:1580 a tensile strength 1563:1580 a tensile strength of 62 MPa 1563:1590 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 8 30 theme pulp 1455:1458 arg1 % 1513:1513 25 wt% 1508:1513 25 wt% 1508:1513 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 8 30 theme pulp 1455:1458 arg1 content 1428:1434 the content 1424:1434 the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids 1424:1503 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 0 31 theme high-haze 105:113 arg1 properties 132:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 11 32 theme UV-shielding 2160:2171 arg1 films 2185:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 10 33 dep UVB 1968:1970 arg1 % 1966:1966 % 1966:1966 % 1966:1966 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 0 34 theme Direct 0:5 arg1 utilization 20:30 Direct and complete utilization 0:30 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw 0:52 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 9 35 theme intentional 1633:1643 arg1 pretreatment 1654:1665 no intentional chemical pretreatment 1630:1665 no intentional chemical pretreatment 1630:1665 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 6 36 theme Extensional 1105:1115 arg1 test 1129:1132 Extensional rheological test 1105:1132 Extensional rheological test 1105:1132 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 11 37 theme high-haze 2146:2154 arg1 films 2185:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 2 38 theme additional 467:476 arg1 cellulose 478:486 additional cellulose 467:486 additional cellulose 467:486 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 0 39 theme complete 11:18 arg1 utilization 20:30 Direct and complete utilization 0:30 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw 0:52 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 2 40 theme regenerated 519:529 arg1 straw 531:535 the regenerated straw 515:535 the regenerated straw 515:535 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 9 41 theme compositional 1671:1683 arg1 isolation 1685:1693 compositional isolation 1671:1693 compositional isolation 1671:1693 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 11 42 contain have 2198:2201 arg2 potential 2209:2217 great potential 2203:2217 great potential 2203:2217 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 11 42 contain have 2198:2201 arg1 films 2185:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 2 43 theme agricultural 367:378 arg1 straw 380:384 agricultural straw 367:384 agricultural straw 367:384 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 0 44 theme straw 48:52 arg1 utilization 20:30 Direct and complete utilization 0:30 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw 0:52 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 5 45 theme mechanical 1069:1078 arg1 properties 1080:1089 mechanical properties 1069:1089 mechanical properties 1069:1089 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 7 46 theme high 1380:1383 arg1 strength 1396:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 4 47 theme biomass 822:828 arg1 regeneration 830:841 biomass regeneration 822:841 biomass regeneration 822:841 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 1 48 theme environmentally 240:254 arg1 processes 284:292 environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes 240:292 environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes 240:292 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 6 49 theme excellent 1190:1198 arg1 properties 1230:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties 1190:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time 1190:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 8 50 theme 25 wt 1508:1512 arg1 % 1513:1513 25 wt% 1508:1513 25 wt% 1508:1513 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 8 50 theme 25 wt 1508:1512 arg1 content 1428:1434 the content 1424:1434 the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids 1424:1503 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 2 51 theme all-biomass 407:417 arg1 films 419:423 multifunctional all-biomass films 391:423 multifunctional all-biomass films 391:423 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 7 52 theme straw-based 1345:1355 arg1 films 1369:1373 straw-based all-biomass films 1345:1373 straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength 1345:1403 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 4 53 theme small 653:657 arg1 cellulose 669:677 cellulose 669:677 cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) 669:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 4 53 theme small 653:657 arg1 amount 659:664 a small amount 651:664 a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) 651:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 3 54 theme natural 545:551 arg1 straw 559:563 natural wheat straw 545:563 natural wheat straw 545:563 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 11 55 theme high-strength 2131:2143 arg1 films 2185:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 10 56 theme 97 1931:1932 arg1 % 1933:1933 % 1933:1933 % 1933:1933 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 0 57 with films 79:83 arg1 properties 132:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 90:141 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 5 58 theme rheological 908:918 arg1 test 920:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 5 59 theme Dynamic 894:900 arg1 test 920:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test 894:923 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 6 60 theme significant 1252:1262 arg1 increase 1264:1271 a significant increase 1250:1271 a significant increase in the capillary break-up time 1250:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 11 61 theme friendly 2266:2273 arg1 packaging 2275:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 4 62 theme high 686:689 arg1 degree 691:696 a high degree 684:696 a high degree of polymerization (DP) 684:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 1 63 theme high-value-added 185:200 arg1 materials 202:210 high-value-added materials 185:210 high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes 185:235 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 5 64 dep processing 1054:1063 arg1 the 1050:1052 the 1050:1052 the 1050:1052 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 3 65 theme liquid 591:596 arg1 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 AmimCl 636:641 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 3 65 theme liquid 591:596 arg1 chloride 626:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride 581:633 the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) 581:642 First, natural wheat straw is dissolved in the ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). 31427002 8 66 dep pulp 1455:1458 arg1 WP 1461:1462 WP 1461:1462 WP 1461:1462 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 8 66 dep pulp 1455:1458 arg1 DP = 1300 1465:1473 DP = 1300 1465:1473 DP = 1300 1465:1473 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 9 67 from components 1739:1748 arg1 straw 1753:1757 straw 1753:1757 straw 1753:1757 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 11 68 theme bioresources 2063:2074 arg1 utilization 2038:2048 the complete and value-added utilization 2009:2048 the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2009:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 8 69 theme obtained 1520:1527 arg1 film 1550:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 5 70 theme high-DP 952:958 arg1 cellulose 960:968 high-DP cellulose 952:968 high-DP cellulose 952:968 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 8 71 theme all-biomass 1538:1548 arg1 film 1550:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film 1516:1553 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 7 72 theme all-biomass 1357:1367 arg1 films 1369:1373 straw-based all-biomass films 1345:1373 straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength 1345:1403 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 0 73 theme all-biomass 67:77 arg1 films 79:83 all-biomass films 67:83 all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties 67:141 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 10 74 theme resultant 1869:1877 arg1 films 1879:1883 the resultant films 1865:1883 the resultant films 1865:1883 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 11 75 theme low-cost 2222:2229 arg1 packaging 2275:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 8 76 theme tensile 1565:1571 arg1 strength 1573:1580 a tensile strength 1563:1580 a tensile strength of 62 MPa 1563:1590 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 6 77 theme capillary 1280:1288 arg1 time 1299:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 1 78 theme vital 153:157 arg1 significance 159:170 vital significance 153:170 vital significance 153:170 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 2 79 theme straw 531:535 arg1 strength 503:510 the strength 499:510 the strength of the regenerated straw 499:535 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 4 80 with cellulose 669:677 arg1 degree 691:696 a high degree 684:696 a high degree of polymerization (DP) 684:719 Then, a small amount of cellulose with a high degree of polymerization (DP) is introduced to obtain straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions, which are subsequently soaked in water for biomass regeneration, washed and dried to obtain straw/cellulose films. 31427002 11 81 theme complete 2013:2020 arg1 utilization 2038:2048 the complete and value-added utilization 2009:2048 the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2009:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 11 82 theme environmentally 2250:2264 arg1 packaging 2275:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging 2222:2283 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 10 83 dep % 1966:1966 arg1 100 1963:1965 100 1963:1965 100 1963:1965 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 6 84 from increase 1264:1271 arg1 time 1299:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 the capillary break-up time 1276:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 9 85 theme final 1846:1850 arg1 films 1852:1856 the final films 1842:1856 the final films 1842:1856 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 8 86 theme wood 1450:1453 arg1 pulp 1455:1458 additional wood pulp 1439:1458 additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) 1439:1474 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 5 87 theme enhanced 974:981 arg1 network 996:1002 an enhanced entanglement network 971:1002 an enhanced entanglement network 971:1002 Dynamic shear rheological test confirms that after adding high-DP cellulose, an enhanced entanglement network forms in the solutions, which is essential to the processing and mechanical properties of materials. 31427002 6 88 theme rheological 1117:1127 arg1 test 1129:1132 Extensional rheological test 1105:1132 Extensional rheological test 1105:1132 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 11 89 theme all-biomass 2173:2183 arg1 films 2185:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films 2131:2189 In sum, we demonstrate the complete and value-added utilization of low-grade bioresources by a facile, green and economical process to fabricate high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding all-biomass films, which have great potential in low-cost, biodegradable and environmentally friendly packaging. 31427002 9 90 theme chemical 1645:1652 arg1 pretreatment 1654:1665 no intentional chemical pretreatment 1630:1665 no intentional chemical pretreatment 1630:1665 More interestingly, because there is no intentional chemical pretreatment and compositional isolation involved in this process, almost all of the components in straw, such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic compounds, are retained in the final films. 31427002 2 91 theme cellulose 478:486 arg1 network 456:462 an entanglement network 440:462 an entanglement network of additional cellulose 440:486 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 0 92 theme agricultural 35:46 arg1 straw 48:52 agricultural straw 35:52 agricultural straw 35:52 Direct and complete utilization of agricultural straw to fabricate all-biomass films with high-strength, high-haze and UV-shielding properties. 31427002 7 93 theme mechanical 1385:1394 arg1 strength 1396:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 high mechanical strength 1380:1403 Therefore, after regeneration in water, straw-based all-biomass films with high mechanical strength are obtained. 31427002 10 94 theme superhigh 1892:1900 arg1 haze 1902:1905 a superhigh haze 1890:1905 a superhigh haze of 97% 1890:1912 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 2 95 theme entanglement 443:454 arg1 network 456:462 an entanglement network 440:462 an entanglement network of additional cellulose 440:486 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 6 96 theme film-forming 1217:1228 arg1 properties 1230:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties 1190:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time 1190:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 10 97 contain have 1885:1888 arg1 films 1879:1883 the resultant films 1865:1883 the resultant films 1865:1883 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 10 97 contain have 1885:1888 arg2 haze 1902:1905 a superhigh haze 1890:1905 a superhigh haze of 97% 1890:1912 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 1 98 dep environmentally 240:254 arg1 friendly 256:263 friendly 256:263 friendly 256:263 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 31427002 6 99 theme spinnability 1200:1211 arg1 properties 1230:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties 1190:1239 excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time 1190:1302 Extensional rheological test indicates that straw/cellulose/AmimCl solutions exhibit excellent spinnability and film-forming properties based on a significant increase in the capillary break-up time. 31427002 10 100 theme % 1912:1912 arg1 haze 1902:1905 a superhigh haze 1890:1905 a superhigh haze of 97% 1890:1912 Thus, the resultant films have a superhigh haze of 97% while preventing 97% UVA (320-400 nm) and almost 100% UVB (280-320 nm). 31427002 8 101 theme total 1492:1496 arg1 solids 1498:1503 total solids 1492:1503 total solids 1492:1503 When the content of additional wood pulp (WP, DP = 1300) with respect to total solids is 25 wt%, the obtained straw/WP all-biomass film reaches a tensile strength of 62 MPa. 31427002 2 102 theme multifunctional 391:405 arg1 films 419:423 multifunctional all-biomass films 391:423 multifunctional all-biomass films 391:423 In this work, we propose an approach to directly and completely convert agricultural straw into multifunctional all-biomass films by introducing an entanglement network of additional cellulose to enhance the strength of the regenerated straw. 31427002 1 103 theme cost-effective 269:282 arg1 processes 284:292 environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes 240:292 environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes 240:292 It is of vital significance to fabricate high-value-added materials from agricultural wastes by environmentally friendly and cost-effective processes. 29593247 0 0 theme malignant 82:90 arg1 morphology 92:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 6 1 theme cytoskeleton 855:866 arg1 shapes 868:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 3 2 theme breast 463:468 arg1 cells 477:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells 446:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) 446:499 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 3 2 theme breast 463:468 arg1 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 0 3 theme cell 77:80 arg1 morphology 92:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 6 4 theme peculiar 846:853 arg1 shapes 868:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 7 5 theme extracellular 1080:1092 arg1 matrix 1094:1099 the extracellular matrix 1076:1099 the extracellular matrix 1076:1099 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 2 6 theme different 313:321 arg1 concentrations 323:336 different concentrations 313:336 different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) 313:369 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 3 7 dep MDA-MB-231 489:498 arg1 i.e. 484:487 i.e. 484:487 i.e. 484:487 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 8 8 theme steps 1308:1312 arg1 model 1280:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model 1251:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis 1251:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 6 9 theme malignancy 925:934 arg1 characteristic 901:914 characteristic 901:914 characteristic 901:914 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 8 10 theme in 1271:1272 arg1 model 1280:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model 1251:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis 1251:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 2 11 theme composite 283:291 arg1 gels 293:296 composite gels 283:296 composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) 283:369 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 5 12 theme particular 719:728 arg1 type 730:733 A particular type 717:733 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged 717:782 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 4 13 theme bioreactor-based 684:699 arg1 assay 710:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 Known the link between cell morphology and malignancy, cells were morphologically characterized and their invasiveness correlated through an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay. 29593247 5 14 dep Alginate 752:759 arg1 i.e. 743:746 i.e. 743:746 i.e. 743:746 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 8 15 theme vascular 1200:1207 arg1 walls 1209:1213 the vascular walls 1196:1213 the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor 1196:1238 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 5 16 theme 50 748:749 arg1 % 750:750 % 750:750 % 750:750 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 0 17 dep morphology 92:101 arg1 capability 124:133 capability 124:133 capability 124:133 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 8 18 theme engineered 1166:1175 arg1 membrane 1177:1184 an engineered membrane 1163:1184 an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor 1163:1238 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 0 19 theme new 2:4 arg1 hydrogel 38:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 7 20 theme membrane 1037:1044 arg1 invadopodia 987:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 7 20 theme membrane 1037:1044 arg1 protrusion 1012:1021 actin-based protrusion 1000:1021 actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3 1000:1102 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 7 21 dep protrusion 1012:1021 arg1 3 1102:1102 3 1102:1102 3 1102:1102 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 8 22 theme precursor 1298:1306 arg1 steps 1308:1312 the very precursor steps 1289:1312 the very precursor steps of metastasis 1289:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 7 23 theme actin-based 1000:1010 arg1 invadopodia 987:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 7 23 theme actin-based 1000:1010 arg1 protrusion 1012:1021 actin-based protrusion 1000:1021 actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3 1000:1102 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 5 24 theme significant 806:816 arg1 results 818:824 significant results 806:824 significant results: 1 806:827 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 5 25 theme % 764:764 arg1 Alginate 752:759 50% Alginate 748:759 50% Alginate 748:759 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 5 25 theme % 764:764 arg1 Matrigel 766:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 4 26 theme invasion 701:708 arg1 assay 710:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 Known the link between cell morphology and malignancy, cells were morphologically characterized and their invasiveness correlated through an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay. 29593247 1 27 theme study 171:175 arg1 Purpose 155:161 Purpose 155:161 Purpose of this study 155:175 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 1 27 theme study 171:175 arg1 development 185:195 the development 181:195 the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture 181:267 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 0 28 theme 3D 17:18 arg1 hydrogel 38:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 1 29 theme breast 242:247 arg1 cancer 249:254 breast cancer 242:254 breast cancer cell culture 242:267 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 8 30 theme 3D 1268:1269 arg1 model 1280:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model 1251:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis 1251:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 0 31 theme cell-laden 6:15 arg1 hydrogel 38:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 1 32 theme cancer 249:254 arg1 culture 261:267 breast cancer cell culture 242:267 breast cancer cell culture 242:267 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 7 33 theme plasma 1030:1035 arg1 membrane 1037:1044 the plasma membrane 1026:1044 the plasma membrane 1026:1044 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 3 34 theme cancer 470:475 arg1 cells 477:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells 446:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) 446:499 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 3 34 theme cancer 470:475 arg1 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 8 35 theme new 1264:1266 arg1 model 1280:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model 1251:1284 a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis 1251:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 2 36 theme active 428:433 arg1 substrate 435:443 a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate 381:443 a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate 381:443 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 1 37 theme cell 256:259 arg1 culture 261:267 breast cancer cell culture 242:267 breast cancer cell culture 242:267 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 8 38 dep in 1271:1272 arg1 vitro 1274:1278 vitro 1274:1278 vitro 1274:1278 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 5 39 theme results 818:824 arg1 series 796:801 a series 794:801 a series of significant results: 1 794:827 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 0 40 theme Alginate-Matrigel 20:36 arg1 hydrogel 38:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel 0:45 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 6 41 theme characteristic 901:914 arg1 shapes 868:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 peculiar cytoskeleton shapes 846:873 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 5 42 theme % 750:750 arg1 Alginate 752:759 50% Alginate 748:759 50% Alginate 748:759 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 5 42 theme % 750:750 arg1 Matrigel 766:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 5 43 dep results 818:824 arg1 1 827:827 1 827:827 1 827:827 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 2 44 theme Matrigel 358:365 arg1 concentrations 323:336 different concentrations 313:336 different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) 313:369 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 0 45 theme human 57:61 arg1 cancer 70:75 human breast cancer 57:75 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 5 46 theme gel 738:740 arg1 type 730:733 A particular type 717:733 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged 717:782 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 3 47 theme Human 446:450 arg1 cells 477:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells 446:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) 446:499 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 3 47 theme Human 446:450 arg1 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 2 48 theme stable-in-time 396:409 arg1 substrate 435:443 a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate 381:443 a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate 381:443 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 6 49 theme nuclear 879:885 arg1 fragmentation 887:899 nuclear fragmentation 879:899 nuclear fragmentation 879:899 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 0 50 theme in 145:146 arg1 " 152:152 in vivo" 145:152 in vivo" 145:152 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 3 51 theme aggressive 452:461 arg1 cells 477:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells 446:481 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) 446:499 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 3 51 theme aggressive 452:461 arg1 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 MDA-MB-231 489:498 Human aggressive breast cancer cells (i.e. MDA-MB-231) were cultured within the gels. 29593247 5 52 dep gel 738:740 arg1 Alginate 752:759 50% Alginate 748:759 50% Alginate 748:759 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 5 52 dep gel 738:740 arg1 Matrigel 766:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 50% Matrigel 762:773 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 7 53 theme so-called 977:985 arg1 invadopodia 987:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 the so-called invadopodia 973:997 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 7 53 theme so-called 977:985 arg1 protrusion 1012:1021 actin-based protrusion 1000:1021 actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3 1000:1102 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 8 54 theme metastasis 1317:1326 arg1 steps 1308:1312 the very precursor steps 1289:1312 the very precursor steps of metastasis 1289:1326 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 7 55 theme invadopodia 987:997 arg1 formation 960:968 the formation 956:968 the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3 956:1102 cells expressed the formation of the so-called invadopodia, actin-based protrusion of the plasma membrane through which cells anchor to the extracellular matrix; 3. 29593247 4 56 dep cell 555:558 arg1 morphology 560:569 morphology 560:569 morphology 560:569 Known the link between cell morphology and malignancy, cells were morphologically characterized and their invasiveness correlated through an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay. 29593247 8 57 attach attach 1153:1158 arg2 cells 1105:1109 cells 1105:1109 cells 1105:1109 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 8 57 attach attach 1153:1158 arg1 membrane 1177:1184 an engineered membrane 1163:1184 an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor 1163:1238 cells were able to migrate through the gels and attach to an engineered membrane mimicking the vascular walls hosted within bioreactor, providing a completely new 3D in vitro model of the very precursor steps of metastasis. 29593247 0 58 dep in 145:146 arg1 vivo 148:151 vivo 148:151 vivo 148:151 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 1 59 theme 3D 202:203 arg1 material 205:212 a 3D material 200:212 a 3D material 200:212 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 0 60 theme cancer 70:75 arg1 morphology 92:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 6 61 dep malignancy 925:934 arg1 2 937:937 2 937:937 2 937:937 cells exhibited peculiar cytoskeleton shapes and nuclear fragmentation characteristic of their malignancy; 2. 29593247 2 62 theme Alginate 341:348 arg1 concentrations 323:336 different concentrations 313:336 different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) 313:369 We developed composite gels constituted by different concentrations of Alginate (A) and Matrigel (M) to obtain a structurally stable-in-time and biologically active substrate. 29593247 1 63 theme material 205:212 arg1 Purpose 155:161 Purpose 155:161 Purpose of this study 155:175 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 1 63 theme material 205:212 arg1 development 185:195 the development 181:195 the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture 181:267 Purpose of this study was the development of a 3D material to be used as substrate for breast cancer cell culture. 29593247 0 64 theme breast 63:68 arg1 cancer 70:75 human breast cancer 57:75 human breast cancer cell malignant morphology 57:101 A new cell-laden 3D Alginate-Matrigel hydrogel resembles human breast cancer cell malignant morphology, spread and invasion capability observed "in vivo". 29593247 5 65 theme 50 762:763 arg1 % 764:764 % 764:764 % 764:764 A particular type of gel (i.e. 50% Alginate, 50% Matrigel) emerged thanks to a series of significant results: 1. 29593247 4 66 theme innovative 673:682 arg1 assay 710:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay 670:714 Known the link between cell morphology and malignancy, cells were morphologically characterized and their invasiveness correlated through an innovative bioreactor-based invasion assay. 30145157 0 0 theme biodegradable 82:94 arg1 film 104:107 biodegradable polymer film 82:107 biodegradable polymer film 82:107 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 1 1 theme interactive 153:163 arg1 effect 165:170 the interactive effect 149:170 the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film 149:295 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 3 2 theme developed 646:654 arg1 film 656:659 the developed film 642:659 the developed film 642:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 3 3 theme composition 602:612 arg1 effects 586:592 the individual and interactive effects 555:592 the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film 555:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 6 4 theme Water 1040:1044 arg1 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 4 theme Water 1040:1044 arg1 Rate 1066:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate 1036:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) 1036:1076 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 3 5 theme film 656:659 arg1 property 630:637 the barrier property 618:637 the barrier property of the developed film 618:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 3 5 theme film 656:659 arg1 composition 602:612 film composition 597:612 film composition 597:612 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 5 6 theme WVTR 906:909 arg1 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa 881:901 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa 881:901 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR 881:909 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 6 theme WVTR 906:909 arg1 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa 912:932 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa 912:932 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 912:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 4 7 theme barrier 699:705 arg1 property 707:714 the barrier property 695:714 the barrier property of the developed film 695:736 Analysis of Variance was done on the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 0 8 theme polymer 96:102 arg1 film 104:107 biodegradable polymer film 82:107 biodegradable polymer film 82:107 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 3 9 with design 493:498 arg1 factors 510:516 four factors 505:516 four factors at three levels 505:532 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 5 10 theme 0.9 ml 837:842 arg1 glycerol 825:832 glycerol 825:832 glycerol of 0.9 ml 825:842 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 10 theme 0.9 ml 837:842 arg1 3.6 g 818:822 3.6 g 818:822 3.6 g 818:822 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 1 11 theme biodegradable 270:282 arg1 film 292:295 a biodegradable polymer film 268:295 a biodegradable polymer film 268:295 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 7 12 theme Response 1114:1121 arg1 surface 1123:1129 Response surface and contour plots 1114:1147 surface 1123:1129 Response surface and contour plots were constructed to depict the association existing between the film composition and the responses. 30145157 4 13 theme Variance 674:681 arg1 Analysis 662:669 Analysis 662:669 Analysis of Variance 662:681 Analysis of Variance was done on the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 6 14 theme significant 1003:1013 arg1 p < 0.05 1023:1030 p < 0.05 1023:1030 p < 0.05 1023:1030 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 14 theme significant 1003:1013 arg1 effect 1015:1020 significant effect 1003:1020 significant effect (p < 0.05) 1003:1031 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 4 15 theme film 733:736 arg1 property 707:714 the barrier property 695:714 the barrier property of the developed film 695:736 Analysis of Variance was done on the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 5 16 theme 3.6 g 818:822 arg1 levels 751:756 The optimum levels 739:756 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained 739:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 16 theme 3.6 g 818:822 arg1 starch 808:813 tapioca starch 800:813 tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 800:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 2 17 theme acetic 383:388 arg1 0.3-0.9 ml 396:405 0.3-0.9 ml 396:405 0.3-0.9 ml 396:405 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 2 17 theme acetic 383:388 arg1 acid 390:393 acetic acid 383:393 acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) 383:406 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 4 18 theme developed 723:731 arg1 film 733:736 the developed film 719:736 the developed film 719:736 Analysis of Variance was done on the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 1 19 theme biological 175:184 arg1 macromolecules 186:199 biological macromolecules 175:199 biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid 175:252 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 1 19 theme biological 175:184 arg1 starch 217:222 tapioca starch 209:222 tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid 209:252 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 0 20 theme starch 69:74 arg1 properties 47:56 barrier properties 39:56 barrier properties of tapioca starch 39:74 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 6 21 contain had 999:1001 arg1 variables 989:997 the process variables 977:997 the process variables 977:997 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 21 contain had 999:1001 arg2 effect 1015:1020 significant effect 1003:1020 significant effect (p < 0.05) 1003:1031 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 21 contain had 999:1001 arg2 p < 0.05 1023:1030 p < 0.05 1023:1030 p < 0.05 1023:1030 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 1 22 theme macromolecules 186:199 arg1 effect 165:170 the interactive effect 149:170 the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film 149:295 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 0 23 theme Process 0:6 arg1 optimization 8:19 Process optimization 0:19 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch 0:74 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 1 24 theme polymer 284:290 arg1 film 292:295 a biodegradable polymer film 268:295 a biodegradable polymer film 268:295 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 6 25 theme Transmission 1089:1100 arg1 OTR 1108:1110 OTR 1108:1110 OTR 1108:1110 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 25 theme Transmission 1089:1100 arg1 Rate 1102:1105 Oxygen Transmission Rate 1082:1105 Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR) 1082:1111 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 5 26 theme process 765:771 arg1 parameters 773:782 the process parameters 761:782 the process parameters obtained 761:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 1 27 with starch 217:222 arg1 glycerol 229:236 glycerol 229:236 glycerol 229:236 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 1 27 with starch 217:222 arg1 acid 249:252 acetic acid 242:252 acetic acid 242:252 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 5 28 theme 0.16 ml 860:866 arg1 levels 751:756 The optimum levels 739:756 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained 739:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 28 theme 0.16 ml 860:866 arg1 starch 808:813 tapioca starch 800:813 tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 800:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 6 29 theme Oxygen 1082:1087 arg1 OTR 1108:1110 OTR 1108:1110 OTR 1108:1110 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 29 theme Oxygen 1082:1087 arg1 Rate 1102:1105 Oxygen Transmission Rate 1082:1105 Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR) 1082:1111 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 5 30 theme parameters 773:782 arg1 levels 751:756 The optimum levels 739:756 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained 739:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 30 theme parameters 773:782 arg1 starch 808:813 tapioca starch 800:813 tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 800:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 2 31 theme process 302:308 arg1 parameters 310:319 The process parameters 298:319 The process parameters 298:319 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 1 32 theme tapioca 209:215 arg1 starch 217:222 tapioca starch 209:222 tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid 209:252 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 0 33 theme barrier 39:45 arg1 properties 47:56 barrier properties 39:56 barrier properties of tapioca starch 39:74 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 3 34 theme film 597:600 arg1 composition 602:612 film composition 597:612 film composition 597:612 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 3 35 theme individual 559:568 arg1 effects 586:592 the individual and interactive effects 555:592 the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film 555:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 5 36 theme tapioca 800:806 arg1 levels 751:756 The optimum levels 739:756 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained 739:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 36 theme tapioca 800:806 arg1 starch 808:813 tapioca starch 800:813 tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 800:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 37 theme optimum 743:749 arg1 levels 751:756 The optimum levels 739:756 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained 739:791 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 37 theme optimum 743:749 arg1 starch 808:813 tapioca starch 800:813 tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 800:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 0 38 theme tapioca 61:67 arg1 starch 69:74 tapioca starch 61:74 tapioca starch 61:74 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 6 39 theme Transmission 1053:1064 arg1 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 39 theme Transmission 1053:1064 arg1 Rate 1066:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate 1036:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) 1036:1076 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 1 40 theme present 114:120 arg1 study 122:126 The present study 110:126 The present study 110:126 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 0 41 theme properties 47:56 arg1 evaluation 25:34 evaluation 25:34 evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch 25:74 Process optimization for evaluation of barrier properties of tapioca starch based biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 7 42 theme film 1213:1216 arg1 composition 1218:1228 the film composition 1209:1228 the film composition 1209:1228 Response surface and contour plots were constructed to depict the association existing between the film composition and the responses. 30145157 7 43 theme existing 1192:1199 arg1 association 1180:1190 the association existing 1176:1199 the association existing between the film composition and the responses 1176:1246 Response surface and contour plots were constructed to depict the association existing between the film composition and the responses. 30145157 5 44 theme OTR 937:939 arg1 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa 881:901 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa 881:901 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR 881:909 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 44 theme OTR 937:939 arg1 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa 912:932 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa 912:932 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively 912:952 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 3 45 from levels 527:532 arg1 factors 510:516 four factors 505:516 four factors at three levels 505:532 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 6 46 theme process 981:987 arg1 variables 989:997 the process variables 977:997 the process variables 977:997 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 3 47 theme barrier 622:628 arg1 property 630:637 the barrier property 618:637 the barrier property of the developed film 618:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 2 48 theme tapioca 333:339 arg1 3-5 g 349:353 3-5 g 349:353 3-5 g 349:353 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 2 48 theme tapioca 333:339 arg1 starch 341:346 tapioca starch 333:346 tapioca starch (3-5 g) 333:354 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 2 49 theme Composite 463:471 arg1 Design 473:478 Central Composite Design 455:478 Central Composite Design 455:478 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 3 50 theme property 630:637 arg1 effects 586:592 the individual and interactive effects 555:592 the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film 555:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 5 51 theme acetic 845:850 arg1 acid 852:855 acetic acid 845:855 acetic acid 845:855 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 5 51 theme acetic 845:850 arg1 3.6 g 818:822 3.6 g 818:822 3.6 g 818:822 The optimum levels of the process parameters obtained were - tapioca starch of 3.6 g, glycerol of 0.9 ml, acetic acid of 0.16 ml resulting in 0.392 × 10-10 g/ms Pa of WVTR, 3.8 × 10-10 cm3/ms Pa of OTR respectively. 30145157 3 52 theme Box-Behnken 481:491 arg1 design 493:498 Box-Behnken design 481:498 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels 481:532 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 1 53 theme acetic 242:247 arg1 acid 249:252 acetic acid 242:252 acetic acid 242:252 The present study focuses on analysing the interactive effect of biological macromolecules such as tapioca starch with glycerol and acetic acid in developing a biodegradable polymer film. 30145157 2 54 theme Central 455:461 arg1 Design 473:478 Central Composite Design 455:478 Central Composite Design 455:478 The process parameters comprise of tapioca starch (3-5 g), glycerol (0.1-0.3 ml) and acetic acid (0.3-0.9 ml) and the aim is to develop a model according to Central Composite Design. 30145157 3 55 theme interactive 574:584 arg1 effects 586:592 the individual and interactive effects 555:592 the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film 555:659 Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels was applied to study the individual and interactive effects of film composition and the barrier property of the developed film. 30145157 6 56 theme Vapour 1046:1051 arg1 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 WVTR 1072:1075 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 6 56 theme Vapour 1046:1051 arg1 Rate 1066:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate 1036:1069 the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) 1036:1076 Results revealed that the process variables had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the Water Vapour Transmission Rate (WVTR) and Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR). 30145157 7 57 theme contour 1135:1141 arg1 plots 1143:1147 Response surface and contour plots 1114:1147 plots 1143:1147 Response surface and contour plots were constructed to depict the association existing between the film composition and the responses. 30446125 4 0 theme higher 708:713 arg1 rate 715:718 the higher rate 704:718 the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release 704:738 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 8 1 theme osteoblastic 1144:1155 arg1 cells 1157:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 8 2 dep In 1059:1060 arg1 vitro 1062:1066 vitro 1062:1066 vitro 1062:1066 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 2 3 from fillers 332:338 arg1 form 354:357 a particle form 343:357 a particle form 343:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 4 theme composite 171:179 arg1 hydrogels 181:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels 140:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 140:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 3 5 theme w/v 537:539 arg1 particles 544:552 20% w/v BG particles 533:552 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm) 533:592 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 4 6 theme release 732:738 arg1 rate 715:718 the higher rate 704:718 the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release 704:738 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 7 7 theme composite 977:985 arg1 hydrogels 987:995 pectin-BG composite hydrogels 967:995 pectin-BG composite hydrogels 967:995 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 3 8 theme simple 502:507 arg1 technique 516:524 a relatively simple mixing technique 489:524 a relatively simple mixing technique 489:524 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 2 9 theme bioactive 311:319 arg1 glass 321:325 bioactive glass 311:325 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form 281:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 9 theme bioactive 311:319 arg1 BG 328:329 BG 328:329 BG 328:329 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 10 theme apple 267:271 arg1 pomace 273:278 apple pomace 267:278 apple pomace 267:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 3 11 theme BG 541:542 arg1 particles 544:552 20% w/v BG particles 533:552 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm) 533:592 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 6 12 theme antibacterial 862:874 arg1 activity 876:883 strong antibacterial activity 855:883 strong antibacterial activity 855:883 All composite hydrogels exhibited strong antibacterial activity against methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30446125 3 13 theme % 535:535 arg1 particles 544:552 20% w/v BG particles 533:552 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm) 533:592 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 3 14 theme 20 533:534 arg1 % 535:535 % 535:535 % 535:535 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 4 15 theme bigger 662:667 arg1 ones 669:672 bigger ones 662:672 bigger ones 662:672 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 6 16 theme strong 855:860 arg1 activity 876:883 strong antibacterial activity 855:883 strong antibacterial activity 855:883 All composite hydrogels exhibited strong antibacterial activity against methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30446125 5 17 theme particles 789:797 arg1 distribution 766:777 inhomogeneous distribution 752:777 inhomogeneous distribution of the BG particles within the hydrogels 752:818 μCT showed inhomogeneous distribution of the BG particles within the hydrogels. 30446125 5 18 theme inhomogeneous 752:764 arg1 distribution 766:777 inhomogeneous distribution 752:777 inhomogeneous distribution of the BG particles within the hydrogels 752:818 μCT showed inhomogeneous distribution of the BG particles within the hydrogels. 30446125 2 19 theme Sol-gel-derived 281:295 arg1 vehicles 383:390 delivery vehicles 374:390 delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions 374:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 19 theme Sol-gel-derived 281:295 arg1 fillers 332:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers 281:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form 281:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 20 theme hydrogels 181:189 arg1 development 125:135 the development 121:135 the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 121:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 8 21 theme In 1059:1060 arg1 studies 1068:1074 In vitro studies 1059:1074 In vitro studies 1059:1074 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 4 22 theme Ca2+ 723:726 arg1 release 732:738 Ca2+ ion release 723:738 Ca2+ ion release 723:738 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 0 23 theme glass 17:21 arg1 composites 48:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites 0:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity 0:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 3 24 theme mixing 509:514 arg1 technique 516:524 a relatively simple mixing technique 489:524 a relatively simple mixing technique 489:524 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 7 25 theme mineralization 941:954 arg1 process 956:962 The mineralization process 937:962 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels 937:995 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 1 26 theme present 97:103 arg1 work 105:108 The present work 93:108 The present work 93:108 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 2 27 theme delivery 374:381 arg1 vehicles 383:390 delivery vehicles 374:390 delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions 374:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 27 theme delivery 374:381 arg1 fillers 332:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers 281:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form 281:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 0 28 theme Pectin-bioactive 0:15 arg1 composites 48:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites 0:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity 0:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 2 29 link Sol-gel-derived 281:295 arg1 vehicles 383:390 delivery vehicles 374:390 delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions 374:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 29 link Sol-gel-derived 281:295 arg1 fillers 332:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers 281:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form 281:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 4 30 theme pectin 625:630 arg1 gelation 632:639 pectin gelation 625:639 pectin gelation 625:639 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 3 31 dep sizes 571:575 arg1 2.5 578:580 2.5 578:580 2.5 578:580 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 3 31 dep sizes 571:575 arg1 <45 μm 586:591 <45 μm 586:591 <45 μm 586:591 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 1 32 dep injectable 146:155 arg1 self-gelling 158:169 self-gelling 158:169 self-gelling 158:169 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 7 33 theme pectin-BG 967:975 arg1 hydrogels 987:995 pectin-BG composite hydrogels 967:995 pectin-BG composite hydrogels 967:995 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 2 34 theme Ca2+ 411:414 arg1 ions 416:419 Ca2+ ions 411:419 Ca2+ ions 411:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 0 35 theme self-gelling 23:34 arg1 composites 48:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites 0:57 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity 0:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 1 36 from pomace 273:278 arg1 pectins 237:243 low esterified amidated pectins 213:243 low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 213:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 1 36 from pomace 273:278 arg1 types 204:208 two types 200:208 two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 200:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 6 37 theme composite 825:833 arg1 hydrogels 835:843 All composite hydrogels 821:843 All composite hydrogels 821:843 All composite hydrogels exhibited strong antibacterial activity against methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30446125 2 38 theme particle 345:352 arg1 form 354:357 a particle form 343:357 a particle form 343:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 39 dep Sol-gel-derived 281:295 arg1 calcium-rich 298:309 calcium-rich 298:309 calcium-rich 298:309 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 40 from peels 257:261 arg1 pectins 237:243 low esterified amidated pectins 213:243 low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 213:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 1 40 from peels 257:261 arg1 types 204:208 two types 200:208 two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 200:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 3 41 theme different 561:569 arg1 sizes 571:575 two different sizes 557:575 two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm) 557:592 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 1 42 theme low 213:215 arg1 pectins 237:243 low esterified amidated pectins 213:243 low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 213:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 2 43 theme pectins 452:458 arg1 gelation 440:447 internal gelation 431:447 internal gelation of pectins 431:458 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 7 44 theme hydrogels 987:995 arg1 process 956:962 The mineralization process 937:962 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels 937:995 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 3 45 theme sizes 571:575 arg1 particles 544:552 20% w/v BG particles 533:552 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm) 533:592 Composites were prepared by a relatively simple mixing technique, using 20% w/v BG particles of two different sizes (2.5 and <45 μm). 30446125 7 46 theme body 1035:1038 arg1 fluid 1040:1044 simulated body fluid 1025:1044 simulated body fluid for 28 days 1025:1056 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 1 47 theme esterified 217:226 arg1 pectins 237:243 low esterified amidated pectins 213:243 low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 213:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 0 48 theme high 64:67 arg1 activity 83:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 8 49 theme MC3T3-E1 1135:1142 arg1 cells 1157:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 8 50 theme composite 1110:1118 arg1 hydrogels 1120:1128 composite hydrogels 1110:1128 composite hydrogels 1110:1128 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 7 51 theme simulated 1025:1033 arg1 fluid 1040:1044 simulated body fluid 1025:1044 simulated body fluid for 28 days 1025:1056 The mineralization process of pectin-BG composite hydrogels occurred upon incubation in simulated body fluid for 28 days. 30446125 1 52 from types 204:208 arg1 peels 257:261 citrus peels 250:261 citrus peels 250:261 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 1 52 from types 204:208 arg1 pomace 273:278 apple pomace 267:278 apple pomace 267:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 8 53 theme hydrogels 1120:1128 arg1 cytocompatibility 1089:1105 cytocompatibility 1089:1105 cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1089:1161 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 4 54 theme faster 650:655 arg1 gelation 632:639 pectin gelation 625:639 pectin gelation 625:639 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 2 55 theme glass 321:325 arg1 vehicles 383:390 delivery vehicles 374:390 delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions 374:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 2 55 theme glass 321:325 arg1 fillers 332:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers 281:338 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form 281:357 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 56 theme amidated 228:235 arg1 pectins 237:243 low esterified amidated pectins 213:243 low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 213:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 4 57 theme ion 728:730 arg1 release 732:738 Ca2+ ion release 723:738 Ca2+ ion release 723:738 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 0 58 dep self-gelling 23:34 arg1 injectable 37:46 injectable 37:46 injectable 37:46 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 1 59 theme novel 140:144 arg1 hydrogels 181:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels 140:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 140:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 1 60 theme pectins 237:243 arg1 types 204:208 two types 200:208 two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 200:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 4 61 theme Smaller 595:601 arg1 particles 603:611 Smaller particles 595:611 Smaller particles 595:611 Smaller particles accelerated pectin gelation slightly faster than bigger ones, which appears to result from the higher rate of Ca2+ ion release. 30446125 5 62 theme BG 786:787 arg1 particles 789:797 the BG particles 782:797 the BG particles 782:797 μCT showed inhomogeneous distribution of the BG particles within the hydrogels. 30446125 1 63 theme injectable 146:155 arg1 hydrogels 181:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels 140:189 novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace 140:278 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 30446125 8 64 with cytocompatibility 1089:1105 arg1 cells 1157:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells 1135:1161 In vitro studies demonstrated cytocompatibility of composite hydrogels with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. 30446125 0 65 theme antibacterial 69:81 arg1 activity 83:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 2 66 theme ions 416:419 arg1 release 400:406 the release 396:406 the release of Ca2+ ions 396:419 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 0 67 with composites 48:57 arg1 activity 83:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 high antibacterial activity 64:90 Pectin-bioactive glass self-gelling, injectable composites with high antibacterial activity. 30446125 2 68 theme internal 431:438 arg1 gelation 440:447 internal gelation 431:447 internal gelation of pectins 431:458 Sol-gel-derived, calcium-rich bioactive glass (BG) fillers in a particle form are applied as delivery vehicles for the release of Ca2+ ions to induce internal gelation of pectins. 30446125 1 69 theme citrus 250:255 arg1 peels 257:261 citrus peels 250:261 citrus peels 250:261 The present work focuses on the development of novel injectable, self-gelling composite hydrogels based on two types of low esterified amidated pectins from citrus peels and apple pomace. 31544212 8 0 theme data 1078:1081 arg1 analysis 1083:1090 compositional data analysis 1064:1090 compositional data analysis 1064:1090 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 9 1 theme Relative 1318:1325 arg1 question 1307:1314 the question 1303:1314 the question 1303:1314 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 3 2 theme input 438:442 arg1 material 444:451 the input material 434:451 the input material 434:451 However, these counts are not counts per se: their magnitude is determined arbitrarily by the sequencing depth, not by the input material. 31544212 9 3 theme important 1335:1343 arg1 activity 1345:1352 some important activity 1330:1352 some important activity of the cell 1330:1364 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 5 4 theme nucleotide 711:720 arg1 synthesis 722:730 nucleotide synthesis 711:730 nucleotide synthesis 711:730 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 9 5 theme library 1188:1194 arg1 size 1196:1199 effective library size 1178:1199 effective library size 1178:1199 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 8 6 theme count 1099:1103 arg1 data 1105:1108 NGS count data 1095:1108 NGS count data 1095:1108 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 5 7 theme Conventional 516:527 arg1 methods 543:549 Conventional normalization methods 516:549 Conventional normalization methods 516:549 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 8 8 theme NGS 1095:1097 arg1 data 1105:1108 NGS count data 1095:1108 NGS count data 1095:1108 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 9 9 dep propose 1234:1240 arg1 " 1384:1384 " 1384:1384 " 1384:1384 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 2 10 dep RNA 284:286 arg1 presence 295:302 presence 295:302 presence 295:302 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 9 11 theme log-ratio 1246:1254 arg1 solution 1284:1291 a general solution 1274:1291 a general solution 1274:1291 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 9 11 theme log-ratio 1246:1254 arg1 transformation 1256:1269 the log-ratio transformation 1242:1269 the log-ratio transformation 1242:1269 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 5 12 theme assumptions 568:578 arg1 assumptions 568:578 assumptions 568:578 assumptions 568:578 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 5 12 theme assumptions 568:578 arg1 set 561:563 a set 559:563 a set of assumptions 559:578 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 7 13 theme general 912:918 arg1 solution 920:927 a general solution 910:927 a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data 910:974 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 7 13 theme general 912:918 arg1 assumption-free 937:951 assumption-free 937:951 assumption-free 937:951 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 2 14 theme NGS 255:257 arg1 quantification 266:279 the quantification 262:279 the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts 262:312 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 2 14 theme NGS 255:257 arg1 cornerstone 240:250 A cornerstone 238:250 A cornerstone of NGS 238:257 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 9 15 theme cell 1361:1364 arg1 activity 1345:1352 some important activity 1330:1352 some important activity of the cell 1330:1364 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 5 16 theme same 684:687 arg1 capacity 698:705 the same carrying capacity 680:705 the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis 680:730 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 5 17 contain have 675:678 arg2 capacity 698:705 the same carrying capacity 680:705 the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis 680:730 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 5 17 contain have 675:678 arg1 environments 650:661 all environments 646:661 all environments under study 646:673 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 7 18 theme analysis 895:902 arg1 field 867:871 the field 863:871 the field of compositional data analysis 863:902 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 1 19 theme BACKGROUND 64:73 arg1 sequencing 91:100 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing 64:100 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) 64:106 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 1 19 theme BACKGROUND 64:73 arg1 NGS 103:105 NGS 103:105 NGS 103:105 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 5 20 theme carrying 689:696 arg1 capacity 698:705 the same carrying capacity 680:705 the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis 680:730 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 1 21 theme Next-generation 75:89 arg1 sequencing 91:100 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing 64:100 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) 64:106 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 1 21 theme Next-generation 75:89 arg1 NGS 103:105 NGS 103:105 NGS 103:105 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 1 22 theme relative 159:166 arg1 abundance 168:176 relative abundance 159:176 relative abundance 159:176 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 9 23 theme general 1276:1282 arg1 solution 1284:1291 a general solution 1274:1291 a general solution 1274:1291 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 9 23 theme general 1276:1282 arg1 transformation 1256:1269 the log-ratio transformation 1242:1269 the log-ratio transformation 1242:1269 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 5 24 theme normalization 529:541 arg1 methods 543:549 Conventional normalization methods 516:549 Conventional normalization methods 516:549 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 2 25 theme RNA 284:286 arg1 quantification 266:279 the quantification 262:279 the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts 262:312 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 2 25 theme RNA 284:286 arg1 cornerstone 240:250 A cornerstone 238:250 A cornerstone of NGS 238:257 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 7 26 theme compositional 876:888 arg1 analysis 895:902 compositional data analysis 876:902 compositional data analysis 876:902 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 7 27 theme data 890:893 arg1 analysis 895:902 compositional data analysis 876:902 compositional data analysis 876:902 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 8 28 theme extant 1003:1008 arg1 literature 1010:1019 the extant literature 999:1019 the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data 999:1108 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 3 29 theme sequencing 409:418 arg1 depth 420:424 the sequencing depth 405:424 the sequencing depth 405:424 However, these counts are not counts per se: their magnitude is determined arbitrarily by the sequencing depth, not by the input material. 31544212 9 30 theme total 1158:1162 arg1 size 1172:1175 total library size 1158:1175 total library size 1158:1175 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 9 31 theme size 1172:1175 arg1 limitations 1143:1153 the limitations 1139:1153 the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations 1139:1228 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 0 32 theme compositional 22:34 arg1 analysis 36:43 the compositional analysis 18:43 the compositional analysis of any-omics data 18:61 A field guide for the compositional analysis of any-omics data. 31544212 1 33 theme nucleotides 185:195 arg1 sequence 146:153 sequence 146:153 sequence 146:153 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 1 33 theme nucleotides 185:195 arg1 abundance 168:176 relative abundance 159:176 relative abundance 159:176 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 8 34 theme concise 1034:1040 arg1 guide 1042:1046 a concise guide 1032:1046 a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data 1032:1108 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 9 35 theme effective 1178:1186 arg1 size 1196:1199 effective library size 1178:1199 effective library size 1178:1199 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 7 36 dep RESULTS 830:836 arg1 offer 904:908 offer 904:908 offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data 904:974 RESULTS Methods developed within the field of compositional data analysis offer a general solution that is assumption-free and valid for all data. 31544212 5 37 theme features 614:621 arg1 unchanged 627:635 unchanged 627:635 unchanged 627:635 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 5 37 theme features 614:621 arg1 majority 602:609 the majority 598:609 the majority of features 598:621 Conventional normalization methods require a set of assumptions: they assume that the majority of features are unchanged and that all environments under study have the same carrying capacity for nucleotide synthesis. 31544212 6 38 theme heterogeneous 794:806 arg1 samples 808:814 heterogeneous samples 794:814 heterogeneous samples 794:814 These assumptions are often untestable and may not hold when heterogeneous samples are compared. 31544212 1 39 dep sequence 146:153 arg1 the 142:144 the 142:144 the 142:144 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 9 40 theme size 1196:1199 arg1 limitations 1143:1153 the limitations 1139:1153 the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations 1139:1228 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 9 41 theme library 1164:1170 arg1 size 1172:1175 total library size 1158:1175 total library size 1158:1175 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 2 42 theme DNA 291:293 arg1 quantification 266:279 the quantification 262:279 the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts 262:312 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 2 42 theme DNA 291:293 arg1 cornerstone 240:250 A cornerstone 238:250 A cornerstone of NGS 238:257 A cornerstone of NGS is the quantification of RNA or DNA presence as counts. 31544212 8 43 theme compositional 1064:1076 arg1 analysis 1083:1090 compositional data analysis 1064:1090 compositional data analysis 1064:1090 Herein, we synthesize the extant literature to provide a concise guide on how to apply compositional data analysis to NGS count data. 31544212 1 44 theme biological 202:211 arg1 sample 230:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 0 45 theme data 58:61 arg1 analysis 36:43 the compositional analysis 18:43 the compositional analysis of any-omics data 18:61 A field guide for the compositional analysis of any-omics data. 31544212 9 46 theme spike-in 1206:1213 arg1 normalizations 1215:1228 spike-in normalizations 1206:1228 spike-in normalizations 1206:1228 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 1 47 from abundance 168:176 arg1 sample 230:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 0 48 theme any-omics 48:56 arg1 data 58:61 any-omics data 48:61 any-omics data 48:61 A field guide for the compositional analysis of any-omics data. 31544212 9 49 theme normalizations 1215:1228 arg1 limitations 1143:1153 the limitations 1139:1153 the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations 1139:1228 CONCLUSIONS In highlighting the limitations of total library size, effective library size, and spike-in normalizations, we propose the log-ratio transformation as a general solution to answer the question, "Relative to some important activity of the cell, what is changing?" 31544212 1 50 from sequence 146:153 arg1 sample 230:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31544212 1 51 theme environmental 216:228 arg1 sample 230:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 a biological or environmental sample 200:235 BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has made it possible to determine the sequence and relative abundance of all nucleotides in a biological or environmental sample. 31757437 0 0 theme better 90:95 arg1 loading 102:108 better carb loading 90:108 better carb loading 90:108 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 7 1 theme Preoperative 1038:1049 arg1 loading 1051:1057 Preoperative loading 1038:1057 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice 1038:1089 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 7 2 theme postoperative 1163:1175 arg1 requirement 1185:1195 postoperative insulin requirement 1163:1195 postoperative insulin requirement 1163:1195 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 7 3 theme induced 1302:1308 arg1 hyperglycemia 1310:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia 1281:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients 1281:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 1 4 theme postoperative 245:257 arg1 resistance 282:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 7 5 theme glycemic 1140:1147 arg1 variation 1149:1157 glycemic variation 1140:1157 glycemic variation 1140:1157 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 0 6 from reduction 10:18 arg1 stress 23:28 stress 23:28 stress 23:28 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 5 7 theme postoperative 810:822 arg1 insulin 824:830 postoperative insulin 810:830 postoperative insulin 810:830 Significantly more Grape patients required postoperative insulin regardless of diabetic status. 31757437 4 8 from group 662:666 arg1 POD 671:673 POD 0 671:675 POD 0 671:675 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 1 9 theme stress-induced 259:272 arg1 resistance 282:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 7 10 theme lower 1126:1130 arg1 rate 1132:1135 a significantly lower rate 1110:1135 a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement 1110:1195 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 1 11 theme insulin 274:280 arg1 resistance 282:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 0 12 theme carb 97:100 arg1 loading 102:108 better carb loading 90:108 better carb loading 90:108 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 2 13 dep citrulline 466:475 arg1 LLC 499:501 LLC 499:501 LLC 499:501 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 13 dep citrulline 466:475 arg1 G.E.D.™ 478:484 G.E.D.™ 478:484 G.E.D.™ 478:484 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 13 dep citrulline 466:475 arg1 Health 491:496 SOF Health 487:496 SOF Health 487:496 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 7 14 theme insulin 1177:1183 arg1 requirement 1185:1195 postoperative insulin requirement 1163:1195 postoperative insulin requirement 1163:1195 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 5 15 theme diabetic 846:853 arg1 status 855:860 diabetic status 846:860 diabetic status 846:860 Significantly more Grape patients required postoperative insulin regardless of diabetic status. 31757437 7 16 theme drink 1217:1221 arg1 composition 1223:1233 drink composition 1217:1233 drink composition 1217:1233 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 2 17 theme juice 397:401 arg1 group 403:407 a preoperative grape juice group 376:407 a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) 376:415 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 17 theme juice 397:401 arg1 ERP 371:373 our ERP 367:373 our ERP 367:373 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 17 theme juice 397:401 arg1 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 1 18 theme enhanced 186:193 arg1 protocols 204:212 enhanced recovery protocols 186:212 enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 186:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 18 theme enhanced 186:193 arg1 ERP 215:217 ERP's 215:219 ERP's 215:219 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 7 19 with loading 1051:1057 arg1 G.E.D.™ 1064:1070 G.E.D.™ 1064:1070 G.E.D.™ 1064:1070 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 7 19 with loading 1051:1057 arg1 juice 1085:1089 grape juice 1079:1089 grape juice 1079:1089 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 6 20 theme induced 924:930 arg1 hyperglycemia 932:944 stress induced hyperglycemia 917:944 stress induced hyperglycemia 917:944 CONCLUSION Following bariatric surgery, the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia is primarily on POD 0 in non-diabetics whereas the effect extends into POD 1 for diabetics. 31757437 4 21 from worse 642:646 arg1 % 701:701 70% 699:701 70% 699:701 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 4 21 from worse 642:646 arg1 % 708:708 41% 706:708 41% 706:708 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 4 21 from worse 642:646 arg1 patients 734:741 both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients 680:741 patients 734:741 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 4 21 from worse 642:646 arg1 non-diabetic 685:696 non-diabetic 685:696 non-diabetic 685:696 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 1 22 theme recovery 195:202 arg1 protocols 204:212 enhanced recovery protocols 186:212 enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 186:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 22 theme recovery 195:202 arg1 ERP 215:217 ERP's 215:219 ERP's 215:219 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 6 23 theme bariatric 884:892 arg1 surgery 894:900 bariatric surgery 884:900 bariatric surgery 884:900 CONCLUSION Following bariatric surgery, the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia is primarily on POD 0 in non-diabetics whereas the effect extends into POD 1 for diabetics. 31757437 6 24 from POD 962:964 arg1 non-diabetics 971:983 non-diabetics 971:983 non-diabetics 971:983 CONCLUSION Following bariatric surgery, the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia is primarily on POD 0 in non-diabetics whereas the effect extends into POD 1 for diabetics. 31757437 1 25 theme protocols 204:212 arg1 loading 148:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 25 theme protocols 204:212 arg1 component 173:181 a recommended component 159:181 a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 159:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 0 26 theme Effective 0:8 arg1 reduction 10:18 Effective reduction 0:18 Effective reduction in stress 0:28 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 7 27 theme grape 1079:1083 arg1 juice 1085:1089 grape juice 1079:1089 grape juice 1079:1089 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 2 28 theme grape 391:395 arg1 group 403:407 a preoperative grape juice group 376:407 a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) 376:415 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 28 theme grape 391:395 arg1 ERP 371:373 our ERP 367:373 our ERP 367:373 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 28 theme grape 391:395 arg1 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 7 29 theme stress 1295:1300 arg1 hyperglycemia 1310:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia 1281:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients 1281:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 3 30 dep patients 566:573 arg1 n = 96 582:587 Grape n = 96 576:587 Grape n = 96; GED n = 75 576:599 RESULTS The population included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75). 31757437 4 31 theme Glycemic 603:610 arg1 variability 612:622 Glycemic variability 603:622 Glycemic variability 603:622 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 1 32 theme BACKGROUND 111:120 arg1 loading 148:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 32 theme BACKGROUND 111:120 arg1 component 173:181 a recommended component 159:181 a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 159:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 7 33 from patients 1345:1352 arg1 severity 1269:1276 the severity 1265:1276 the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients 1265:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 4 34 dep % 746:746 arg1 p < 0.05 756:763 p < 0.05 756:763 p < 0.05 756:763 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 0 35 theme postoperative 38:50 arg1 hyperglycemia 52:64 postoperative hyperglycemia 38:64 postoperative hyperglycemia 38:64 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 4 36 dep % 701:701 arg1 p < 0.05 711:718 p < 0.05 711:718 p < 0.05 711:718 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 7 37 theme requirement 1185:1195 arg1 rate 1132:1135 a significantly lower rate 1110:1135 a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement 1110:1195 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 3 38 theme Grape 576:580 arg1 n = 96 582:587 Grape n = 96 576:587 Grape n = 96; GED n = 75 576:599 RESULTS The population included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75). 31757437 3 39 dep n = 96 582:587 arg1 n = 75 594:599 GED n = 75 590:599 Grape n = 96; GED n = 75 576:599 RESULTS The population included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75). 31757437 2 40 theme citrulline 466:475 arg1 use 437:439 the use 433:439 the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading 433:527 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 41 theme carbohydrate 508:519 arg1 loading 521:527 carbohydrate loading 508:527 carbohydrate loading 508:527 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 6 42 theme stress 917:922 arg1 hyperglycemia 932:944 stress induced hyperglycemia 917:944 stress induced hyperglycemia 917:944 CONCLUSION Following bariatric surgery, the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia is primarily on POD 0 in non-diabetics whereas the effect extends into POD 1 for diabetics. 31757437 7 43 theme treatment 1239:1247 arg1 process 1249:1255 treatment process 1239:1255 treatment process 1239:1255 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 2 44 theme maltodextrin/3 g 449:464 arg1 citrulline 466:475 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline 444:475 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) 444:502 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 5 45 theme Grape 786:790 arg1 patients 792:799 Significantly more Grape patients 767:799 Significantly more Grape patients 767:799 Significantly more Grape patients required postoperative insulin regardless of diabetic status. 31757437 1 46 from impact 235:240 arg1 resistance 282:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance 245:291 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 0 47 theme bariatric 69:77 arg1 surgery 79:85 bariatric surgery 69:85 bariatric surgery 69:85 Effective reduction in stress induced postoperative hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery by better carb loading. 31757437 7 48 theme bariatric 1327:1335 arg1 patients 1345:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 1 49 theme Preoperative 122:133 arg1 loading 148:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 49 theme Preoperative 122:133 arg1 component 173:181 a recommended component 159:181 a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 159:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 2 50 theme 25 g 444:447 arg1 citrulline 466:475 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline 444:475 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) 444:502 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 7 51 theme surgery 1337:1343 arg1 patients 1345:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 1 52 theme carbohydrate 135:146 arg1 loading 148:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 52 theme carbohydrate 135:146 arg1 component 173:181 a recommended component 159:181 a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 159:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 4 53 from non-diabetic 685:696 arg1 worse 642:646 worse 642:646 worse 642:646 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 4 54 theme diabetic 725:732 arg1 patients 734:741 both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients 680:741 patients 734:741 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 7 55 theme hyperglycemia 1310:1322 arg1 severity 1269:1276 the severity 1265:1276 the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients 1265:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 4 56 theme Grape 656:660 arg1 group 662:666 the Grape group 652:666 the Grape group on POD 0 652:675 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 5 57 theme more 781:784 arg1 patients 792:799 Significantly more Grape patients 767:799 Significantly more Grape patients 767:799 Significantly more Grape patients required postoperative insulin regardless of diabetic status. 31757437 4 58 from patients 734:741 arg1 worse 642:646 worse 642:646 worse 642:646 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 3 59 dep RESULTS 530:536 arg1 included 553:560 included 553:560 included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75) 553:600 RESULTS The population included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75). 31757437 7 60 from hyperglycemia 1310:1322 arg1 patients 1345:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 7 61 theme variation 1149:1157 arg1 rate 1132:1135 a significantly lower rate 1110:1135 a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement 1110:1195 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 4 62 dep worse 642:646 arg1 % 746:746 66% 744:746 66% 744:746 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 4 62 dep worse 642:646 arg1 % 753:753 34% 751:753 34% 751:753 Glycemic variability was significantly worse for the Grape group on POD 0 in both non-diabetic (70% vs 41%; p < 0.05) and diabetic patients (66% vs 34%; p < 0.05). 31757437 7 63 from severity 1269:1276 arg1 patients 1345:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 bariatric surgery patients 1327:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 2 64 theme preoperative 378:389 arg1 group 403:407 a preoperative grape juice group 376:407 a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) 376:415 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 64 theme preoperative 378:389 arg1 ERP 371:373 our ERP 367:373 our ERP 367:373 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 64 theme preoperative 378:389 arg1 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 Grape 410:414 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 7 65 theme postoperative 1281:1293 arg1 hyperglycemia 1310:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia 1281:1322 postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients 1281:1352 Preoperative loading with G.E.D.™ versus grape juice is associated with a significantly lower rate of glycemic variation and postoperative insulin requirement, demonstrating that drink composition and treatment process reduces the severity of postoperative stress induced hyperglycemia in bariatric surgery patients. 31757437 2 66 theme SOF 487:489 arg1 G.E.D.™ 478:484 G.E.D.™ 478:484 G.E.D.™ 478:484 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 2 66 theme SOF 487:489 arg1 Health 491:496 SOF Health 487:496 SOF Health 487:496 METHODS Using our ERP, a preoperative grape juice group (Grape) was compared to the use of 25 g maltodextrin/3 g citrulline (G.E.D.™, SOF Health, LLC) for carbohydrate loading. 31757437 3 67 theme GED 590:592 arg1 n = 75 594:599 GED n = 75 590:599 Grape n = 96; GED n = 75 576:599 RESULTS The population included 171 patients (Grape n = 96; GED n = 75). 31757437 1 68 theme recommended 161:171 arg1 loading 148:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading 111:154 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 1 68 theme recommended 161:171 arg1 component 173:181 a recommended component 159:181 a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's) 159:220 BACKGROUND Preoperative carbohydrate loading is a recommended component of enhanced recovery protocols (ERP's), however the impact on postoperative stress-induced insulin resistance remains poorly studied in both diabetics and non-diabetics. 31757437 6 69 theme hyperglycemia 932:944 arg1 impact 907:912 the impact 903:912 the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia 903:944 CONCLUSION Following bariatric surgery, the impact of stress induced hyperglycemia is primarily on POD 0 in non-diabetics whereas the effect extends into POD 1 for diabetics. 30753881 4 0 theme X-ray 905:909 arg1 XRD 924:926 XRD 924:926 XRD 924:926 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 0 theme X-ray 905:909 arg1 diffraction 911:921 X-ray diffraction 905:921 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 905:927 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 1 dep transform 821:829 arg1 infrared 831:838 infrared 831:838 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods 821:935 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 6 2 theme GNF 1206:1208 arg1 use 1199:1201 The use 1195:1201 The use of GNF 1195:1208 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 2 3 theme high 353:356 arg1 homogenization 367:380 high pressure homogenization 353:380 high pressure homogenization 353:380 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 4 4 theme structural 720:729 arg1 analysis 731:738 structural analysis 720:738 structural analysis 720:738 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 5 5 theme nanocomposites 1125:1138 arg1 activity 1109:1116 good antibacterial activity 1090:1116 good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1090:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 4 6 dep Fourier 813:819 arg1 transform 821:829 transform 821:829 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods 821:935 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 5 7 theme % 964:964 arg1 bionanocomposites 970:986 5% GNF bionanocomposites 963:986 5% GNF bionanocomposites 963:986 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 6 8 theme packaging 1379:1387 arg1 areas 1389:1393 medical and packaging areas 1367:1393 medical and packaging areas 1367:1393 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 5 9 theme due 1140:1142 arg1 nanocomposites 1125:1138 the nanocomposites 1121:1138 the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1121:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 0 10 theme antimicrobial 101:113 arg1 activities 115:124 its antimicrobial activities 97:124 its antimicrobial activities 97:124 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 3 11 theme GNF 519:521 arg1 matrices 570:577 (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices 508:577 (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices 508:577 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 4 12 theme Differential 861:872 arg1 calorimetry 883:893 Differential scanning calorimetry 861:893 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 861:899 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 12 theme Differential 861:872 arg1 DSC 896:898 DSC 896:898 DSC 896:898 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 3 13 theme high 644:647 arg1 strength 660:667 a high mechanical strength 642:667 a high mechanical strength composites 642:678 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 2 14 theme nanofibers 297:306 arg1 isolation 277:285 the effective isolation 263:285 the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) 263:312 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 6 15 theme waste 1268:1272 arg1 values 1245:1250 the economic values 1232:1250 the economic values of agricultural waste 1232:1272 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 3 16 theme mechanical 649:658 arg1 strength 660:667 a high mechanical strength 642:667 a high mechanical strength composites 642:678 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 4 17 theme Scanning 777:784 arg1 SEM 807:809 SEM 807:809 SEM 807:809 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 17 theme Scanning 777:784 arg1 Fourier 813:819 Fourier 813:819 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods 813:935 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 17 theme Scanning 777:784 arg1 microscopy 795:804 Scanning electron microscopy 777:804 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 777:810 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 5 18 theme biopolymer 1174:1183 arg1 matrices 1185:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 2 19 theme ginger 290:295 arg1 nanofibers 297:306 ginger nanofibers 290:306 ginger nanofibers (GNF) 290:312 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 2 19 theme ginger 290:295 arg1 GNF 309:311 GNF 309:311 GNF 309:311 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 1 20 theme bio-constituents 185:200 arg1 isolation 172:180 the isolation 168:180 the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger 168:212 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 6 21 theme derived 1315:1321 arg1 bionanocomposites 1323:1339 GNF derived bionanocomposites 1311:1339 GNF derived bionanocomposites 1311:1339 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 4 22 theme surface 697:703 arg1 morphology 705:714 surface morphology 697:714 surface morphology 697:714 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 2 23 theme cellulose 389:397 arg1 nanofibers 399:408 cellulose nanofibers 389:408 cellulose nanofibers 389:408 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 6 24 theme medical 1367:1373 arg1 areas 1389:1393 medical and packaging areas 1367:1393 medical and packaging areas 1367:1393 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 6 25 used used 1359:1362 arg2 properties 1297:1306 the characteristic properties 1278:1306 the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites 1278:1339 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 4 26 dep spectroscopy 840:851 arg1 methods 929:935 methods 929:935 methods 929:935 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 3 27 with GNF 613:615 arg1 PVA 629:631 PVA 629:631 PVA 629:631 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 27 with GNF 613:615 arg1 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 5 28 theme antibacterial 1095:1107 arg1 activity 1109:1116 good antibacterial activity 1090:1116 good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1090:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 4 29 theme electron 786:793 arg1 SEM 807:809 SEM 807:809 SEM 807:809 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 29 theme electron 786:793 arg1 Fourier 813:819 Fourier 813:819 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods 813:935 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 29 theme electron 786:793 arg1 microscopy 795:804 Scanning electron microscopy 777:804 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 777:810 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 3 30 dep % 510:510 arg1 to 512:513 to 512:513 to 512:513 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 5 31 theme bionanocomposites 970:986 arg1 effect 953:958 The inhibitory effect 938:958 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium 938:1078 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 5 32 theme inhibitory 942:951 arg1 effect 953:958 The inhibitory effect 938:958 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium 938:1078 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 6 33 theme characteristic 1282:1295 arg1 properties 1297:1306 the characteristic properties 1278:1306 the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites 1278:1339 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 0 34 theme polyvinyl 13:21 arg1 alcohol 23:29 polyvinyl alcohol 13:29 polyvinyl alcohol 13:29 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 3 35 theme strength 660:667 arg1 composites 669:678 a high mechanical strength composites 642:678 a high mechanical strength composites 642:678 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 6 36 dep derived 1315:1321 arg1 GNF 1311:1313 GNF 1311:1313 GNF 1311:1313 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 5 37 theme GNF 966:968 arg1 bionanocomposites 970:986 5% GNF bionanocomposites 963:986 5% GNF bionanocomposites 963:986 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 3 38 theme 1 509:509 arg1 % 510:510 % 510:510 % 510:510 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 2 39 theme acid 333:336 arg1 hydrolysis 338:347 acid hydrolysis 333:347 acid hydrolysis 333:347 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 6 40 theme economic 1236:1243 arg1 values 1245:1250 the economic values 1232:1250 the economic values of agricultural waste 1232:1272 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 0 41 from rhizomes 84:91 arg1 nanofibers 61:70 cellulose nanofibers 51:70 cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities 51:124 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 4 42 theme composites 747:756 arg1 analysis 731:738 structural analysis 720:738 structural analysis 720:738 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 42 theme composites 747:756 arg1 morphology 705:714 surface morphology 697:714 surface morphology 697:714 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 3 43 theme solvent 582:588 arg1 method 595:600 solvent cast method 582:600 solvent cast method 582:600 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 2 44 theme present 248:254 arg1 study 256:260 the present study 244:260 the present study 244:260 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 1 45 from abundance 230:238 arg1 waste 147:151 The agro-industrial waste 127:151 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger 127:212 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 1 45 from abundance 230:238 arg1 available 217:225 available 217:225 available 217:225 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 6 46 theme agricultural 1255:1266 arg1 waste 1268:1272 agricultural waste 1255:1272 agricultural waste 1255:1272 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 3 47 with GNF 519:521 arg1 alcohol 556:562 polyvinyl alcohol 546:562 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 546:568 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 47 with GNF 519:521 arg1 CS 538:539 CS 538:539 CS 538:539 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 47 with GNF 519:521 arg1 PVA 565:567 PVA 565:567 PVA 565:567 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 47 with GNF 519:521 arg1 chitosan 528:535 chitosan 528:535 chitosan (CS) 528:540 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 4 48 theme scanning 874:881 arg1 calorimetry 883:893 Differential scanning calorimetry 861:893 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 861:899 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 4 48 theme scanning 874:881 arg1 DSC 896:898 DSC 896:898 DSC 896:898 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 5 49 from GNF 1163:1165 arg1 matrices 1185:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 3 50 theme cast 590:593 arg1 method 595:600 solvent cast method 582:600 solvent cast method 582:600 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 2 51 dep 200 nm 422:427 arg1 to 419:420 to 419:420 to 419:420 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 0 52 theme cellulose 51:59 arg1 nanofibers 61:70 cellulose nanofibers 51:70 cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities 51:124 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 5 53 from matrices 1185:1192 arg1 addition 1151:1158 the addition 1147:1158 the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1147:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 3 54 theme % 611:611 arg1 GNF 613:615 the 5% GNF 606:615 the 5% GNF with CS and PVA 606:631 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 55 theme polyvinyl 546:554 arg1 alcohol 556:562 polyvinyl alcohol 546:562 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 546:568 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 55 theme polyvinyl 546:554 arg1 PVA 565:567 PVA 565:567 PVA 565:567 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 1 56 from available 217:225 arg1 abundance 230:238 abundance 230:238 abundance 230:238 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 1 57 theme agro-industrial 131:145 arg1 waste 147:151 The agro-industrial waste 127:151 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger 127:212 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 1 57 theme agro-industrial 131:145 arg1 available 217:225 available 217:225 available 217:225 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 5 58 theme good 1090:1093 arg1 activity 1109:1116 good antibacterial activity 1090:1116 good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1090:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 5 59 from addition 1151:1158 arg1 matrices 1185:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 the biopolymer matrices 1170:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 0 60 from activities 115:124 arg1 nanofibers 61:70 cellulose nanofibers 51:70 cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities 51:124 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 3 61 theme matrices 570:577 arg1 ratios 498:503 different ratios 488:503 different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices 488:577 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 62 theme different 488:496 arg1 ratios 498:503 different ratios 488:503 different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices 488:577 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 5 63 theme 5 963:963 arg1 % 964:964 % 964:964 % 964:964 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 2 64 theme effective 267:275 arg1 isolation 277:285 the effective isolation 263:285 the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) 263:312 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 30753881 1 65 from ginger 207:212 arg1 isolation 172:180 the isolation 168:180 the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger 168:212 The agro-industrial waste obtained after the isolation of bio-constituents from ginger is available in abundance. 30753881 3 66 theme 7 515:515 arg1 % 510:510 % 510:510 % 510:510 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 3 67 dep GNF 519:521 arg1 % 516:516 1% to 7% 509:516 1% to 7% 509:516 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 0 68 theme ginger 77:82 arg1 rhizomes 84:91 ginger rhizomes 77:91 ginger rhizomes 77:91 Chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from ginger rhizomes and its antimicrobial activities. 30753881 3 69 theme 5 610:610 arg1 % 611:611 % 611:611 % 611:611 Bionanocomposites were also prepared by reinforcing different ratios of (1% to 7%) GNF with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrices by solvent cast method and the 5% GNF with CS and PVA resulted a high mechanical strength composites than others. 30753881 6 70 link derived 1315:1321 arg1 bionanocomposites 1323:1339 GNF derived bionanocomposites 1311:1339 GNF derived bionanocomposites 1311:1339 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 4 71 dep morphology 705:714 arg1 The 693:695 The 693:695 The 693:695 The surface morphology and structural analysis of the composites were identified by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. 30753881 5 72 theme GNF 1163:1165 arg1 addition 1151:1158 the addition 1147:1158 the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices 1147:1192 The inhibitory effect of 5% GNF bionanocomposites against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium indicated good antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites due to the addition of GNF in the biopolymer matrices. 30753881 6 73 theme bionanocomposites 1323:1339 arg1 properties 1297:1306 the characteristic properties 1278:1306 the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites 1278:1339 The use of GNF will help to increase the economic values of agricultural waste and the characteristic properties of GNF derived bionanocomposites could be possibly used in medical and packaging areas. 30753881 2 74 theme pressure 358:365 arg1 homogenization 367:380 high pressure homogenization 353:380 high pressure homogenization 353:380 In the present study, the effective isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) was carried out by acid hydrolysis and high pressure homogenization to get cellulose nanofibers with 100 to 200 nm width. 31647674 4 0 theme amorphization 698:710 arg1 process 712:718 the amorphization process 694:718 the amorphization process 694:718 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 2 1 theme differential 365:376 arg1 calorimetry 387:397 differential scanning calorimetry 365:397 differential scanning calorimetry 365:397 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 0 2 theme Lactulose 79:87 arg1 Properties 55:64 the Physicochemical Properties 35:64 the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose 35:87 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 1 3 theme amorphous 172:180 arg1 lactulose 182:190 amorphous lactulose 172:190 amorphous lactulose 172:190 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 4 4 theme tautomeric 589:598 arg1 composition 600:610 the tautomeric composition 585:610 the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) 585:672 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 0 5 from Impact 0:5 arg1 Properties 55:64 the Physicochemical Properties 35:64 the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose 35:87 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 5 6 theme tautomers 888:896 arg1 effect 864:869 the plasticizing effect 847:869 these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers 815:896 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 5 6 theme tautomers 888:896 arg1 properties 825:834 these two properties 815:834 these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers 815:896 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 4 7 contain has 724:726 arg1 composition 600:610 the tautomeric composition 585:610 the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) 585:672 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 4 7 contain has 724:726 arg2 repercussion 737:748 a strong repercussion 728:748 a strong repercussion 728:748 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 4 8 theme glass 757:761 arg1 transition 763:772 the glass transition 753:772 the glass transition of the material 753:788 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 2 9 theme spray-drying 293:304 arg1 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 5 10 theme plasticizing 851:862 arg1 effect 864:869 the plasticizing effect 847:869 these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers 815:896 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 2 11 dep calorimetry 387:397 arg1 analysis 447:454 analysis 447:454 analysis 447:454 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 5 12 theme dynamics 925:932 arg1 simulations 934:944 molecular dynamics simulations 915:944 molecular dynamics simulations 915:944 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 1 13 theme lactulose 182:190 arg1 properties 158:167 the physicochemical properties 138:167 the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose 138:190 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 2 14 theme milling 284:290 arg1 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 4 15 theme material 781:788 arg1 transition 763:772 the glass transition 753:772 the glass transition of the material 753:788 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 2 16 theme NMR 400:402 arg1 spectroscopy 404:415 NMR spectroscopy 400:415 NMR spectroscopy 400:415 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 4 17 theme strong 730:735 arg1 repercussion 737:748 a strong repercussion 728:748 a strong repercussion 728:748 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 0 18 theme Methods 24:30 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 0:88 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 2 19 theme freeze-drying 311:323 arg1 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 2 20 used used 255:258 arg2 techniques 239:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 0 21 theme Amorphization 10:22 arg1 Methods 24:30 Amorphization Methods 10:30 Amorphization Methods 10:30 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 3 22 theme amorphized 545:554 arg1 materials 556:564 amorphized materials 545:564 amorphized materials 545:564 Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. 31647674 3 23 theme glass 525:529 arg1 transition 531:540 the glass transition 521:540 the glass transition of amorphized materials 521:564 Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. 31647674 2 24 theme X-ray 429:433 arg1 diffraction 435:445 powder X-ray diffraction 422:445 powder X-ray diffraction 422:445 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 5 25 theme molecular 915:923 arg1 simulations 934:944 molecular dynamics simulations 915:944 molecular dynamics simulations 915:944 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 2 26 theme powder 422:427 arg1 diffraction 435:445 powder X-ray diffraction 422:445 powder X-ray diffraction 422:445 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 3 27 theme Special 457:463 arg1 attention 465:473 Special attention 457:473 Special attention 457:473 Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. 31647674 5 28 theme different 878:886 arg1 tautomers 888:896 the different tautomers 874:896 the different tautomers 874:896 The correlation between these two properties as well as the plasticizing effect of the different tautomers was clarified by molecular dynamics simulations. 31647674 1 29 theme amorphization 111:123 arg1 technique 125:133 the amorphization technique 107:133 the amorphization technique 107:133 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 0 30 theme Physicochemical 39:53 arg1 Properties 55:64 the Physicochemical Properties 35:64 the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose 35:87 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 4 31 dep state 637:641 arg1 liquid 653:658 liquid 653:658 liquid 653:658 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 4 31 dep state 637:641 arg1 solution 664:671 solution 664:671 solution 664:671 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 4 31 dep state 637:641 arg1 crystal 644:650 crystal 644:650 crystal 644:650 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 1 32 theme technique 125:133 arg1 influence 94:102 The influence 90:102 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose 90:190 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 2 33 theme amorphization 225:237 arg1 techniques 239:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 3 34 theme tautomeric 491:500 arg1 composition 502:512 the tautomeric composition 487:512 the tautomeric composition 487:512 Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. 31647674 4 35 theme physical 628:635 arg1 state 637:641 the starting physical state 615:641 the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) 615:672 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 3 36 theme materials 556:564 arg1 transition 531:540 the glass transition 521:540 the glass transition of amorphized materials 521:564 Special attention was paid to the tautomeric composition and to the glass transition of amorphized materials. 31647674 2 37 theme different 215:223 arg1 techniques 239:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques 210:248 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 2 38 theme melt 278:281 arg1 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 quenching 261:269 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 2 39 theme amorphous 330:338 arg1 samples 340:346 amorphous samples 330:346 amorphous samples 330:346 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 4 40 theme starting 619:626 arg1 state 637:641 the starting physical state 615:641 the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) 615:672 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 31647674 0 41 theme Amorphous 69:77 arg1 Lactulose 79:87 Amorphous Lactulose 69:87 Amorphous Lactulose 69:87 Impact of Amorphization Methods on the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Lactulose. 31647674 1 42 theme physicochemical 142:156 arg1 properties 158:167 the physicochemical properties 138:167 the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose 138:190 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 1 43 from influence 94:102 arg1 properties 158:167 the physicochemical properties 138:167 the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose 138:190 The influence of the amorphization technique on the physicochemical properties of amorphous lactulose was investigated. 31647674 2 44 theme scanning 378:385 arg1 calorimetry 387:397 differential scanning calorimetry 365:397 differential scanning calorimetry 365:397 Four different amorphization techniques were used: quenching of the melt, milling, spray-drying, and freeze-drying, and amorphous samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. 31647674 4 45 theme state 637:641 arg1 composition 600:610 the tautomeric composition 585:610 the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) 585:672 It was found that the tautomeric composition of the starting physical state (crystal, liquid, or solution) is preserved during the amorphization process and has a strong repercussion on the glass transition of the material. 29773400 0 0 theme metal-organic 82:94 arg1 frameworks 96:105 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 2 1 theme carboxyl 486:493 arg1 groups 495:500 carboxyl groups 486:500 carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 486:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 1 2 theme @ 280:280 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 2 theme @ 280:280 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 3 theme @ 80:80 arg1 frameworks 96:105 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 4 theme in 666:667 arg1 reduction 684:692 in situ microwave reduction 666:692 in situ microwave reduction 666:692 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 1 5 theme HKUST-1 282:288 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 5 theme HKUST-1 282:288 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 6 theme @ 106:106 arg1 fibers 126:131 @ carboxymethylated fibers 106:131 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 4 7 theme antibacterial 852:864 arg1 activity 866:873 a much higher antibacterial activity 838:873 a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples 838:914 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 8 theme @ 289:289 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 8 theme @ 289:289 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 4 9 theme @ 902:902 arg1 samples 908:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 2 10 from ions 466:469 arg1 groups 495:500 carboxyl groups 486:500 carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 486:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 10 from ions 466:469 arg1 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 10 from ions 466:469 arg1 fibers 527:532 the carboxymethylated fibers 505:532 the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 505:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 10 from ions 466:469 arg1 HKUST-1 474:480 HKUST-1 474:480 HKUST-1 474:480 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 4 11 theme higher 845:850 arg1 activity 866:873 a much higher antibacterial activity 838:873 a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples 838:914 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 2 12 theme carboxymethylated 509:525 arg1 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 12 theme carboxymethylated 509:525 arg1 fibers 527:532 the carboxymethylated fibers 505:532 the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 505:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 4 13 theme as-prepared 805:815 arg1 composites 817:826 the as-prepared composites 801:826 the as-prepared composites 801:826 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 14 theme silver 189:194 arg1 material 172:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 14 theme silver 189:194 arg1 nanoparticles 196:208 silver nanoparticles 189:208 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 15 theme carboxymethylated 108:124 arg1 fibers 126:131 @ carboxymethylated fibers 106:131 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 2 16 from HKUST-1 474:480 arg1 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 16 from HKUST-1 474:480 arg1 fibers 527:532 the carboxymethylated fibers 505:532 the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 505:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 0 17 dep frameworks 96:105 arg1 fibers 126:131 @ carboxymethylated fibers 106:131 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers 80:131 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 18 dep in 666:667 arg1 situ 669:672 situ 669:672 situ 669:672 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 4 19 theme CFs 904:906 arg1 samples 908:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 20 theme @ 209:209 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 20 theme @ 209:209 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 2 21 theme complexation 438:449 arg1 virtue 428:433 virtue 428:433 virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 428:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 3 22 theme novel 725:729 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 23 theme Ag 567:568 arg1 nanoparticles 552:564 The silver nanoparticles 541:564 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) 541:573 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 23 theme Ag 567:568 arg1 NPs 570:572 Ag NPs 567:572 Ag NPs 567:572 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 1 24 theme metal-organic 211:223 arg1 frameworks 225:234 metal-organic frameworks 211:234 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 25 theme cellulose- 19:28 arg1 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 0 25 theme cellulose- 19:28 arg1 composites 50:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites 13:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 13:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 26 theme Ag 731:732 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 27 theme silver 545:550 arg1 nanoparticles 552:564 The silver nanoparticles 541:564 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) 541:573 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 27 theme silver 545:550 arg1 NPs 570:572 Ag NPs 567:572 Ag NPs 567:572 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 27 theme silver 545:550 arg1 immobilized 580:590 immobilized 580:590 immobilized 580:590 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 1 28 theme frameworks 225:234 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 28 theme frameworks 225:234 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 29 theme novel 13:17 arg1 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 0 29 theme novel 13:17 arg1 composites 50:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites 13:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 13:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 4 30 theme @ 886:886 arg1 CFs 888:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 3 31 theme HKUST-1 654:660 arg1 surfaces 642:649 the surfaces 638:649 the surfaces of HKUST-1 638:660 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 0 32 theme antibacterial 36:48 arg1 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 0 32 theme antibacterial 36:48 arg1 composites 50:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites 13:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 13:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 4 33 theme HKUST-1 895:901 arg1 samples 908:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 HKUST-1@ CFs samples 895:914 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 34 theme carboxymethylated 237:253 arg1 fibers 255:260 carboxymethylated fibers 237:260 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 35 theme based 30:34 arg1 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 0 35 theme based 30:34 arg1 composites 50:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites 13:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 13:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 36 theme HKUST-1 739:745 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 37 theme CFs 748:750 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 38 theme composites 752:761 arg1 formation 712:720 the formation 708:720 the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 708:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 3 39 theme @ 746:746 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 2 40 from groups 495:500 arg1 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 CFs 535:537 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 40 from groups 495:500 arg1 fibers 527:532 the carboxymethylated fibers 505:532 the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 505:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 0 41 theme composites 50:59 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 0:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 42 theme NPs 734:736 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 2 43 theme copper 459:464 arg1 ions 466:469 copper ions 459:469 copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 459:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 1 44 dep nanoparticles 196:208 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 44 dep nanoparticles 196:208 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 2 45 theme metal-organic 342:354 arg1 HKUST-1 368:374 HKUST-1 368:374 HKUST-1 368:374 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 2 45 theme metal-organic 342:354 arg1 frameworks 356:365 the metal-organic frameworks 338:365 the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) 338:375 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 3 46 theme @ 737:737 arg1 composites 752:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites 725:761 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 4 47 theme NPs 883:885 arg1 CFs 888:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 4 48 theme antibacterial 768:780 arg1 assays 782:787 The antibacterial assays 764:787 The antibacterial assays 764:787 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 49 theme novel 136:140 arg1 material 172:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 49 theme novel 136:140 arg1 nanoparticles 196:208 silver nanoparticles 189:208 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 4 50 theme Ag 880:881 arg1 CFs 888:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 Ag NPs@ CFs 880:890 The antibacterial assays showed that the as-prepared composites exhibited a much higher antibacterial activity than Ag NPs@ CFs or HKUST-1@ CFs samples. 29773400 1 51 theme cellulose-based 142:156 arg1 material 172:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 51 theme cellulose-based 142:156 arg1 nanoparticles 196:208 silver nanoparticles 189:208 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 2 52 from fibers 527:532 arg1 ions 466:469 copper ions 459:469 copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs) 459:538 The results showed that the metal-organic frameworks (HKUST-1) were uniformly anchored on the fiber's surfaces by virtue of complexation between copper ions in HKUST-1 and carboxyl groups on the carboxymethylated fibers (CFs). 29773400 1 53 theme antibacterial 158:170 arg1 material 172:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material 134:179 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 53 theme antibacterial 158:170 arg1 nanoparticles 196:208 silver nanoparticles 189:208 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 54 theme Ag 274:275 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 54 theme Ag 274:275 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 0 55 theme Ag 64:65 arg1 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Ag 64:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 0 55 theme Ag 64:65 arg1 composites 50:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites 13:59 novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag 13:65 Synthesis of novel cellulose- based antibacterial composites of Ag nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers. 29773400 3 56 theme microwave 674:682 arg1 reduction 684:692 in situ microwave reduction 666:692 in situ microwave reduction 666:692 The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were immobilized and well-dispersed into the pores and/or onto the surfaces of HKUST-1 via in situ microwave reduction, resulting in the formation of novel Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs composites. 29773400 1 57 dep @ 235:235 arg1 composites 262:271 composites 262:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 57 dep @ 235:235 arg1 fibers 255:260 carboxymethylated fibers 237:260 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 58 theme NPs 277:279 arg1 @ 235:235 @ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites 209:271 namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs) 182:294 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29773400 1 58 theme NPs 277:279 arg1 CFs 291:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs 274:293 A novel cellulose-based antibacterial material, namely silver nanoparticles@ metal-organic frameworks@ carboxymethylated fibers composites (Ag NPs@ HKUST-1@ CFs), was synthesized. 29968471 0 0 theme Non-natural 73:83 arg1 Saccharide 85:94 Non-natural Saccharide 73:94 Non-natural Saccharide 73:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 2 1 theme UDP-α-d-galactose 457:473 arg1 mole 449:452 one mole 445:452 one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose 445:473 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 4 2 theme d-galactose 735:745 arg1 unit 747:750 a d-galactose unit 733:750 a d-galactose unit 733:750 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 6 3 theme maximum 937:943 arg1 number 945:950 The maximum number 933:950 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) 933:999 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 7 4 theme natural 1066:1072 arg1 saccharides 1101:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 The engineered system generated natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides efficiently and cost-effectively. 29968471 1 5 theme OPME-CR 173:179 arg1 system 182:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 2 6 theme acetylphosphate 501:515 arg1 moles 492:496 two moles 488:496 two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle 488:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 7 7 theme engineered 1038:1047 arg1 system 1049:1054 The engineered system 1034:1054 The engineered system 1034:1054 The engineered system generated natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides efficiently and cost-effectively. 29968471 2 8 from cycle 553:557 arg1 moles 492:496 two moles 488:496 two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle 488:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 3 9 from UMP 607:609 arg1 UDP 598:600 UDP 598:600 UDP from UMP 598:609 The ATP additionally used to generate UDP from UMP was also recycled at the beginning of the reaction. 29968471 1 10 theme various 343:349 arg1 glycosides 362:371 various polyphenol glycosides 343:371 various polyphenol glycosides 343:371 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 5 11 theme OPME-CR 902:908 arg1 system 910:915 the OPME-CR system 898:915 the OPME-CR system 898:915 The temperature, pH, incubation time, and divalent metal ions for the OPME-CR system were optimized. 29968471 1 12 theme polyphenol 351:360 arg1 glycosides 362:371 various polyphenol glycosides 343:371 various polyphenol glycosides 343:371 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 6 13 theme fed 1014:1016 arg1 reaction 1024:1031 fed batch reaction 1014:1031 fed batch reaction 1014:1031 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 0 14 theme Polyphenol 107:116 arg1 Production 118:127 Polyphenol Production 107:127 Polyphenol Production 107:127 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 7 15 theme polyphenol 1090:1099 arg1 saccharides 1101:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 The engineered system generated natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides efficiently and cost-effectively. 29968471 2 16 theme UDP 427:429 arg1 ADP 407:409 ADP 407:409 ADP 407:409 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 2 16 theme UDP 427:429 arg1 mole 419:422 one mole 415:422 one mole of UDP 415:429 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 0 17 theme Multienzyme 8:18 arg1 System 50:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System 0:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide 0:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 5 18 theme divalent 874:881 arg1 ions 889:892 divalent metal ions 874:892 divalent metal ions 874:892 The temperature, pH, incubation time, and divalent metal ions for the OPME-CR system were optimized. 29968471 0 19 theme One-Pot 0:6 arg1 System 50:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System 0:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide 0:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 5 20 theme metal 883:887 arg1 ions 889:892 divalent metal ions 874:892 divalent metal ions 874:892 The temperature, pH, incubation time, and divalent metal ions for the OPME-CR system were optimized. 29968471 0 21 theme Recycling 30:38 arg1 System 50:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System 0:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide 0:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 1 22 theme β- 274:275 arg1 galactosyltransferase 282:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase 272:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis 272:330 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 1 22 theme β- 274:275 arg1 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 5 23 theme incubation 853:862 arg1 time 864:867 incubation time 853:867 incubation time 853:867 The temperature, pH, incubation time, and divalent metal ions for the OPME-CR system were optimized. 29968471 5 24 dep temperature 836:846 arg1 The 832:834 The 832:834 The 832:834 The temperature, pH, incubation time, and divalent metal ions for the OPME-CR system were optimized. 29968471 0 25 theme Cofactors 20:28 arg1 System 50:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System 0:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide 0:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 2 26 theme mole 525:528 arg1 moles 492:496 two moles 488:496 two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle 488:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 6 27 theme batch 1018:1022 arg1 reaction 1024:1031 fed batch reaction 1014:1031 fed batch reaction 1014:1031 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 2 28 theme ADP 407:409 arg1 mole 399:402 one mole 395:402 one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP 395:429 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 0 29 theme OPME-CR 41:47 arg1 System 50:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System 0:55 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide 0:94 One-Pot Multienzyme Cofactors Recycling (OPME-CR) System for Lactose and Non-natural Saccharide Conjugated Polyphenol Production. 29968471 1 30 theme 1,4 277:279 arg1 galactosyltransferase 282:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase 272:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis 272:330 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 1 30 theme 1,4 277:279 arg1 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 4 31 theme units 774:778 arg1 variety 757:763 a variety 755:763 a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose 755:829 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 31 theme units 774:778 arg1 units 774:778 sugar units 768:778 sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose 768:829 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 31 theme units 774:778 arg1 d-glucose 788:796 d-glucose 788:796 d-glucose 788:796 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 31 theme units 774:778 arg1 rutinose 799:806 rutinose 799:806 rutinose 799:806 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 31 theme units 774:778 arg1 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 6 32 theme regeneration 973:984 arg1 RCmax 994:998 RCmax 994:998 RCmax 994:998 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 6 32 theme regeneration 973:984 arg1 cycles 986:991 UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles 955:991 UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) 955:999 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 2 33 theme mole 419:422 arg1 mole 399:402 one mole 395:402 one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP 395:429 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 6 34 theme cycles 986:991 arg1 number 945:950 The maximum number 933:950 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) 933:999 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 1 35 from meningitidis 319:330 arg1 galactosyltransferase 282:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase 272:302 a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis 272:330 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 1 35 from meningitidis 319:330 arg1 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 LgtB 266:269 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 4 36 theme engineered 667:676 arg1 cofactors 678:686 The engineered cofactors 663:686 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB 663:713 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 7 37 theme non-natural 1078:1088 arg1 saccharides 1101:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides 1066:1111 The engineered system generated natural and non-natural polyphenol saccharides efficiently and cost-effectively. 29968471 2 38 from moles 492:496 arg1 cycle 553:557 each cycle 548:557 each cycle 548:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 1 39 theme Neisseria 309:317 arg1 meningitidis 319:330 Neisseria meningitidis 309:330 Neisseria meningitidis 309:330 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 4 40 theme sugar 768:772 arg1 rutinose 799:806 rutinose 799:806 rutinose 799:806 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 40 theme sugar 768:772 arg1 units 774:778 sugar units 768:778 sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose 768:829 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 40 theme sugar 768:772 arg1 d-glucose 788:796 d-glucose 788:796 d-glucose 788:796 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 4 40 theme sugar 768:772 arg1 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 2-deoxy-d-glucose 813:829 The engineered cofactors recycling system with LgtB efficiently added a d-galactose unit to a variety of sugar units such as d-glucose, rutinose, and 2-deoxy-d-glucose. 29968471 1 41 theme one-pot 132:138 arg1 system 182:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 1 42 theme UDP-α-d-galactose 223:239 arg1 synthesis 210:218 the synthesis 206:218 the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides 206:371 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 2 43 theme d-galactose 533:543 arg1 mole 525:528 one mole 521:528 one mole of d-galactose in each cycle 521:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 2 43 theme d-galactose 533:543 arg1 acetylphosphate 501:515 acetylphosphate 501:515 acetylphosphate 501:515 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 2 44 from acetylphosphate 501:515 arg1 cycle 553:557 each cycle 548:557 each cycle 548:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 29968471 1 45 theme multienzyme 140:150 arg1 system 182:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 6 46 theme UDP-α-d-galactose 955:971 arg1 RCmax 994:998 RCmax 994:998 RCmax 994:998 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 6 46 theme UDP-α-d-galactose 955:971 arg1 cycles 986:991 UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles 955:991 UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) 955:999 The maximum number of UDP-α-d-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) was 18.24 by fed batch reaction. 29968471 1 47 theme cofactors 152:160 arg1 system 182:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 3 48 theme reaction 653:660 arg1 beginning 636:644 the beginning 632:644 the beginning of the reaction 632:660 The ATP additionally used to generate UDP from UMP was also recycled at the beginning of the reaction. 29968471 1 49 theme recycling 162:170 arg1 system 182:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system 130:187 A one-pot multienzyme cofactors recycling (OPME-CR) system was designed for the synthesis of UDP-α-d-galactose, which was combined with LgtB, a β-(1,4) galactosyltransferase from Neisseria meningitidis, to modify various polyphenol glycosides. 29968471 2 50 from mole 525:528 arg1 cycle 553:557 each cycle 548:557 each cycle 548:557 This system recycles one mole of ADP and one mole of UDP to regenerate one mole of UDP-α-d-galactose by consuming two moles of acetylphosphate and one mole of d-galactose in each cycle. 30991148 8 0 theme lysozyme 1350:1357 arg1 activities 1359:1368 lysozyme activities 1350:1368 lysozyme activities 1350:1368 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 10 1 theme antioxidant 1682:1692 arg1 capacity 1694:1701 antioxidant capacity 1682:1701 antioxidant capacity 1682:1701 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 2 theme feed 1875:1878 arg1 additives 1880:1888 efficient feed additives 1865:1888 efficient feed additives for marine fish 1865:1904 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 2 3 theme fish 404:407 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 3 theme fish 404:407 arg1 production 359:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 3 theme fish 404:407 arg1 response 381:388 immune response 374:388 immune response 374:388 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 3 4 theme 0.33 576:579 arg1 % 580:580 % 580:580 % 580:580 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 5 theme % 484:484 arg1 inulin 486:491 0.5% inulin 481:491 0.5% inulin 481:491 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 6 dep GS 508:509 arg1 D-sorbitol 530:539 0.5% D-sorbitol 525:539 0.5% D-sorbitol 525:539 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 6 dep GS 508:509 arg1 GOS 517:519 0.5% GOS 512:519 0.5% GOS 512:519 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 6 7 theme croaker 973:979 arg1 intestine 956:964 the intestine 952:964 the intestine of the croaker 952:979 In the intestine of the croaker, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant; among them, 24 taxa revealed a significant difference among groups. 30991148 3 8 theme % 500:500 arg1 GOS 502:504 0.5% GOS 497:504 0.5% GOS 497:504 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 9 theme 0.5 512:514 arg1 % 515:515 % 515:515 % 515:515 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 2 10 from effects 259:265 arg1 response 381:388 immune response 374:388 immune response 374:388 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 10 from effects 259:265 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 10 from effects 259:265 arg1 microbiota 315:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 10 from effects 259:265 arg1 production 359:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 10 from effects 259:265 arg1 croaker 425:431 juvenile chu's croaker 410:431 juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) 410:446 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 9 11 theme SCFAs 1486:1490 arg1 production 1492:1501 SCFAs production 1486:1501 SCFAs production 1486:1501 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 0 12 from response 86:93 arg1 croaker 113:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 12 from response 86:93 arg1 coibor 128:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 13 theme intestinal 53:62 arg1 microbiota 64:73 intestinal microbiota 53:73 intestinal microbiota 53:73 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 5 14 theme Shannon 879:885 arg1 indices 909:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 2 15 theme Nibea 434:438 arg1 coibor 440:445 Nibea coibor 434:445 Nibea coibor 434:445 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 15 theme Nibea 434:438 arg1 croaker 425:431 juvenile chu's croaker 410:431 juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) 410:446 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 3 16 theme 0.33 562:565 arg1 % 566:566 % 566:566 % 566:566 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 5 17 theme Simpson 891:897 arg1 indices 909:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 9 18 from correlations 1444:1455 arg1 NDCs 1583:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 0 19 from Effects 0:6 arg1 performance 40:50 growth performance 33:50 growth performance 33:50 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 19 from Effects 0:6 arg1 microbiota 64:73 intestinal microbiota 53:73 intestinal microbiota 53:73 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 19 from Effects 0:6 arg1 response 86:93 immune response 79:93 immune response 79:93 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 6 20 from intestine 956:964 arg1 dominant 1033:1040 dominant 1033:1040 dominant 1033:1040 In the intestine of the croaker, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant; among them, 24 taxa revealed a significant difference among groups. 30991148 10 21 theme microbiota 1788:1797 arg1 composition 1762:1772 the composition 1758:1772 the composition of intestinal microbiota 1758:1797 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 21 theme microbiota 1788:1797 arg1 production 1824:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 9 22 theme antioxidant 1521:1531 arg1 capacity 1533:1540 antioxidant capacity 1521:1540 antioxidant capacity 1521:1540 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 0 23 from performance 40:50 arg1 croaker 113:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 23 from performance 40:50 arg1 coibor 128:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 24 theme juvenile 98:105 arg1 chu 107:109 juvenile chu's 98:111 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 5 25 theme NDC 755:757 arg1 groups 808:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 3 26 dep IGS 543:545 arg1 GOS 568:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 26 dep IGS 543:545 arg1 D-sorbitol 582:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 26 dep IGS 543:545 arg1 inulin 554:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 2 27 theme marine 397:402 arg1 fish 404:407 the marine fish 393:407 the marine fish 393:407 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 0 28 theme prebiotic 11:19 arg1 mixtures 21:28 prebiotic mixtures 11:28 prebiotic mixtures 11:28 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 5 29 located observed 922:929 arg2 indices 909:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 5 29 located observed 922:929 arg1 group 942:946 the IGS group 934:946 the IGS group 934:946 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 3 30 theme 0.5 525:527 arg1 % 528:528 % 528:528 % 528:528 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 2 31 theme immune 374:379 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 31 theme immune 374:379 arg1 response 381:388 immune response 374:388 immune response 374:388 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 9 32 theme fed 1579:1581 arg1 NDCs 1583:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 8 33 theme antioxidant 1374:1384 arg1 capacity 1386:1393 antioxidant capacity 1374:1393 antioxidant capacity 1374:1393 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 5 34 theme non-digestible 760:773 arg1 carbohydrates 775:787 non-digestible carbohydrates 760:787 non-digestible carbohydrates 760:787 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 5 34 theme non-digestible 760:773 arg1 NDC 790:792 NDC 790:792 NDC 790:792 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 10 35 theme SCFAs 1818:1822 arg1 production 1824:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 2 36 theme acids 345:349 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 36 theme acids 345:349 arg1 production 359:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 8 37 theme cytokine 1333:1340 arg1 levels 1342:1347 cytokine levels 1333:1347 cytokine levels 1333:1347 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 3 38 theme % 552:552 arg1 GOS 568:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 38 theme % 552:552 arg1 D-sorbitol 582:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 38 theme % 552:552 arg1 inulin 554:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 2 39 theme short-chain 327:337 arg1 SCFAs 352:356 SCFAs 352:356 SCFAs 352:356 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 39 theme short-chain 327:337 arg1 acids 345:349 short-chain fatty acids 327:349 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 7 40 theme NDC-supplemented 1203:1218 arg1 groups 1220:1225 all NDC-supplemented groups 1199:1225 all NDC-supplemented groups 1199:1225 Most of these bacteria are able to produce SCFAs, which were significantly increased in all NDC-supplemented groups. 30991148 10 41 theme NDC 1635:1637 arg1 mixtures 1639:1646 NDC mixtures 1635:1646 NDC mixtures 1635:1646 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 5 42 from microbiota 741:750 arg1 groups 808:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 4 43 theme fish 678:681 arg1 performance 659:669 the growth performance 648:669 the growth performance of the fish 648:681 The results showed that the growth performance of the fish was promoted by IG and GS, but not by IGS. 30991148 3 44 theme % 566:566 arg1 GOS 568:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 0.33% GOS 562:570 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 44 theme % 566:566 arg1 inulin 554:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 10 45 theme efficient 1865:1873 arg1 additives 1880:1888 efficient feed additives 1865:1888 efficient feed additives for marine fish 1865:1904 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 46 theme growth 1662:1667 arg1 performance 1669:1679 growth performance 1662:1679 growth performance 1662:1679 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 2 47 theme growth 284:289 arg1 response 381:388 immune response 374:388 immune response 374:388 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 47 theme growth 284:289 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 47 theme growth 284:289 arg1 microbiota 315:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 47 theme growth 284:289 arg1 production 359:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 47 theme growth 284:289 arg1 croaker 425:431 juvenile chu's croaker 410:431 juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) 410:446 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 4 48 theme growth 652:657 arg1 performance 659:669 the growth performance 648:669 the growth performance of the fish 648:681 The results showed that the growth performance of the fish was promoted by IG and GS, but not by IGS. 30991148 3 49 theme % 580:580 arg1 inulin 554:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 0.33% inulin 548:559 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 49 theme % 580:580 arg1 D-sorbitol 582:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 0.33% D-sorbitol 576:591 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 6 50 theme significant 1074:1084 arg1 difference 1086:1095 a significant difference 1072:1095 a significant difference among groups 1072:1108 In the intestine of the croaker, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant; among them, 24 taxa revealed a significant difference among groups. 30991148 2 51 theme prebiotics 270:279 arg1 effects 259:265 the effects 255:265 the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) 255:446 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 1 52 theme growth 168:173 arg1 promoter 175:182 growth promoter 168:182 growth promoter 168:182 Prebiotics has been known to be growth promoter and immunostimulant in aquatic animals. 30991148 9 53 theme study 1429:1433 arg1 results 1413:1419 the results 1409:1419 the results of this study 1409:1433 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 10 54 theme marine 1894:1899 arg1 fish 1901:1904 marine fish 1894:1904 marine fish 1894:1904 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 0 55 theme Nibea 122:126 arg1 croaker 113:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 55 theme Nibea 122:126 arg1 coibor 128:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 56 from microbiota 64:73 arg1 croaker 113:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 juvenile chu's croaker 98:119 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 0 56 from microbiota 64:73 arg1 coibor 128:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Nibea coibor 122:133 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 10 57 theme croaker 1731:1737 arg1 performance 1669:1679 growth performance 1662:1679 growth performance 1662:1679 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 57 theme croaker 1731:1737 arg1 capacity 1694:1701 antioxidant capacity 1682:1701 antioxidant capacity 1682:1701 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 57 theme croaker 1731:1737 arg1 responses 1714:1722 immune responses 1707:1722 immune responses 1707:1722 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 10 58 theme immune 1707:1712 arg1 responses 1714:1722 immune responses 1707:1722 immune responses 1707:1722 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 3 59 theme 0.5 497:499 arg1 % 500:500 % 500:500 % 500:500 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 1 60 from immunostimulant 188:202 arg1 animals 215:221 aquatic animals 207:221 aquatic animals 207:221 Prebiotics has been known to be growth promoter and immunostimulant in aquatic animals. 30991148 9 61 theme intestinal 1463:1472 arg1 microbiota 1474:1483 intestinal microbiota 1463:1483 intestinal microbiota 1463:1483 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 5 62 dep NDC 755:757 arg1 carbohydrates 775:787 non-digestible carbohydrates 760:787 non-digestible carbohydrates 760:787 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 5 62 dep NDC 755:757 arg1 NDC 790:792 NDC 790:792 NDC 790:792 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 1 63 from promoter 175:182 arg1 animals 215:221 aquatic animals 207:221 aquatic animals 207:221 Prebiotics has been known to be growth promoter and immunostimulant in aquatic animals. 30991148 3 64 theme 0.5 481:483 arg1 % 484:484 % 484:484 % 484:484 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 0 65 theme immune 79:84 arg1 response 86:93 immune response 79:93 immune response 79:93 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 9 66 theme innate 1504:1509 arg1 immunity 1511:1518 innate immunity 1504:1518 innate immunity 1504:1518 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 5 67 theme diversity 899:907 arg1 indices 909:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 5 68 theme intestinal 730:739 arg1 microbiota 741:750 The intestinal microbiota 726:750 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 726:813 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 10 69 theme intestinal 1777:1786 arg1 microbiota 1788:1797 intestinal microbiota 1777:1797 intestinal microbiota 1777:1797 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 8 70 theme immune 1270:1275 arg1 system 1277:1282 the immune system 1266:1282 the immune system of the fish 1266:1294 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 5 71 theme highest 871:877 arg1 indices 909:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices 867:915 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 9 72 theme digestive 1546:1554 arg1 enzymes 1556:1562 digestive enzymes 1546:1562 digestive enzymes 1546:1562 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 0 73 theme mixtures 21:28 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 0:134 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 5 74 theme IGS 938:940 arg1 group 942:946 the IGS group 934:946 the IGS group 934:946 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 8 75 theme fish 1291:1294 arg1 system 1277:1282 the immune system 1266:1282 the immune system of the fish 1266:1294 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 0 76 theme growth 33:38 arg1 performance 40:50 growth performance 33:50 growth performance 33:50 Effects of prebiotic mixtures on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and immune response in juvenile chu's croaker, Nibea coibor. 30991148 9 77 theme croaker 1571:1577 arg1 NDCs 1583:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 the croaker fed NDCs 1567:1586 Furthermore, the results of this study revealed correlations among intestinal microbiota, SCFAs production, innate immunity, antioxidant capacity and digestive enzymes in the croaker fed NDCs. 30991148 3 78 theme % 515:515 arg1 GOS 517:519 0.5% GOS 512:519 0.5% GOS 512:519 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 5 79 theme -supplemented 794:806 arg1 groups 808:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups 755:813 The intestinal microbiota in NDC (non-digestible carbohydrates, NDC)-supplemented groups was clearly separated from that of the control, and the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were observed in the IGS group. 30991148 2 80 theme juvenile 410:417 arg1 chu 419:421 juvenile chu's 410:423 juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) 410:446 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 8 81 theme serum 1314:1318 arg1 complements 1320:1330 the serum complements 1310:1330 the serum complements 1310:1330 Moreover, NDCs were found to activate the immune system of the fish by modulating the serum complements, cytokine levels, lysozyme activities and antioxidant capacity. 30991148 2 82 theme intestinal 304:313 arg1 performance 291:301 growth performance 284:301 growth performance 284:301 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 82 theme intestinal 304:313 arg1 microbiota 315:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 intestinal microbiota 304:324 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 3 83 theme % 528:528 arg1 D-sorbitol 530:539 0.5% D-sorbitol 525:539 0.5% D-sorbitol 525:539 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 1 84 theme aquatic 207:213 arg1 animals 215:221 aquatic animals 207:221 aquatic animals 207:221 Prebiotics has been known to be growth promoter and immunostimulant in aquatic animals. 30991148 10 85 theme subsequent 1807:1816 arg1 production 1824:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 the subsequent SCFAs production 1803:1833 Taken together, our results demonstrated that NDC mixtures might promote growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune responses of the croaker through modulating the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent SCFAs production, which suggest that NDCs were efficient feed additives for marine fish. 30991148 3 86 theme 0.33 548:551 arg1 % 552:552 % 552:552 % 552:552 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 6 87 from dominant 1033:1040 arg1 intestine 956:964 the intestine 952:964 the intestine of the croaker 952:979 In the intestine of the croaker, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant; among them, 24 taxa revealed a significant difference among groups. 30991148 2 88 theme fatty 339:343 arg1 SCFAs 352:356 SCFAs 352:356 SCFAs 352:356 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 2 88 theme fatty 339:343 arg1 acids 345:349 short-chain fatty acids 327:349 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production 327:368 In this study, we investigated the effects of prebiotics on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and immune response of the marine fish, juvenile chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). 30991148 3 89 theme control 597:603 arg1 GOS 502:504 0.5% GOS 497:504 0.5% GOS 497:504 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 89 theme control 597:603 arg1 diets 605:609 control diets 597:609 control diets 597:609 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 30991148 3 89 theme control 597:603 arg1 inulin 486:491 0.5% inulin 481:491 0.5% inulin 481:491 The fish were fed IG (including 0.5% inulin and 0.5% GOS), GS (0.5% GOS and 0.5% D-sorbitol), IGS (0.33% inulin, 0.33% GOS and 0.33% D-sorbitol) or control diets for 8 weeks. 29723465 7 0 theme fundamental 1642:1652 arg1 inquiries 1654:1662 fundamental inquiries 1642:1662 fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion 1642:1753 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 1 theme several 1410:1416 arg1 variations 1418:1427 several variations 1410:1427 several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1410:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 7 2 theme multispecies 1584:1595 arg1 examination 1553:1563 examination 1553:1563 examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms 1553:1614 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 4 3 theme oneidensis 630:639 arg1 F1 612:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 3 theme oneidensis 630:639 arg1 organisms 669:677 model organisms 663:677 model organisms 663:677 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 3 theme oneidensis 630:639 arg1 MR-1 641:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 3 4 theme metal 577:581 arg1 surfaces 583:590 several metal surfaces 569:590 several metal surfaces 569:590 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 6 5 theme oligosaccharides 1296:1311 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 5 theme oligosaccharides 1296:1311 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 5 theme oligosaccharides 1296:1311 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 5 theme oligosaccharides 1296:1311 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 6 theme flow 446:449 arg1 reactor 451:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 6 7 theme analytes 1377:1384 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 7 theme analytes 1377:1384 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 7 theme analytes 1377:1384 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 7 theme analytes 1377:1384 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 8 theme scanning 960:967 arg1 microscopy-and 978:991 scanning electron microscopy-and 960:991 scanning electron microscopy-and 960:991 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 5 9 theme ion 925:927 arg1 spectrometry 934:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry 915:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging 915:953 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 10 with combination 1122:1132 arg1 strategy 1216:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 11 theme spectrometry 934:945 arg1 imaging 947:953 secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging 915:953 secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging 915:953 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 7 12 theme presented 1515:1523 arg1 workflow 1525:1532 The presented workflow 1511:1532 The presented workflow 1511:1532 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 1 13 theme chemical 118:125 arg1 complexities 127:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities 87:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms 87:160 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 1 14 theme inherent 91:98 arg1 complexities 127:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities 87:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms 87:160 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 5 15 theme systems 1026:1032 arg1 examination 1005:1015 the examination 1001:1015 the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions 1001:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 16 theme F1 1326:1327 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 0 17 theme Drip 57:60 arg1 Biofilms 77:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 29723465 1 18 theme biofilms 153:160 arg1 complexities 127:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities 87:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms 87:160 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 0 19 theme Microbial 67:75 arg1 Biofilms 77:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 29723465 6 20 from biofilms 1329:1336 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 20 from biofilms 1329:1336 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 20 from biofilms 1329:1336 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 20 from biofilms 1329:1336 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 21 theme varying 1062:1068 arg1 compositions 1070:1081 varying compositions 1062:1081 varying compositions 1062:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 22 theme influenced 1489:1498 arg1 corrosion 1500:1508 microbially influenced corrosion 1477:1508 microbially influenced corrosion 1477:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 23 theme principal 1187:1195 arg1 analysis 1207:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 0 24 theme Flow 62:65 arg1 Biofilms 77:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms 57:84 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 29723465 2 25 theme microbial 396:404 arg1 ecosystems 406:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 5 26 theme spectrometry 893:904 arg1 imaging 906:912 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 27 theme two-step 1170:1177 arg1 analysis 1207:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 2 28 dep cultivation 338:348 arg1 the 334:336 the 334:336 the 334:336 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 7 29 theme single 1573:1578 arg1 examination 1553:1563 examination 1553:1563 examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms 1553:1614 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 1 30 theme architectural 100:112 arg1 complexities 127:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities 87:138 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms 87:160 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 5 31 theme electron 969:976 arg1 microscopy-and 978:991 scanning electron microscopy-and 960:991 scanning electron microscopy-and 960:991 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 3 32 theme low-shear 431:439 arg1 reactor 451:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 4 33 theme Pseudomonas 593:603 arg1 F1 612:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 33 theme Pseudomonas 593:603 arg1 organisms 669:677 model organisms 663:677 model organisms 663:677 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 33 theme Pseudomonas 593:603 arg1 MR-1 641:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 6 34 from lipids 1283:1288 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 35 theme matrix-assisted 844:858 arg1 spectrometry 893:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 844:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 36 from cell 1432:1435 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 36 from cell 1432:1435 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 36 from cell 1432:1435 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 36 from cell 1432:1435 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 37 theme mass 1146:1149 arg1 spectrometry 1151:1162 tandem mass spectrometry 1139:1162 tandem mass spectrometry 1139:1162 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 38 theme desorption/ionization 866:886 arg1 spectrometry 893:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 844:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 7 39 theme biofilm 1669:1675 arg1 formation 1677:1685 biofilm formation 1669:1685 biofilm formation 1669:1685 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 40 dep identification 1241:1254 arg1 the 1237:1239 the 1237:1239 the 1237:1239 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 41 theme single 498:503 arg1 biofilms 529:536 single and coculture flow-cell biofilms 498:536 single and coculture flow-cell biofilms 498:536 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 2 42 theme model 374:378 arg1 ecosystems 406:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 6 43 from variations 1418:1427 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 43 from variations 1418:1427 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 44 theme morphological 801:813 arg1 imaging 815:821 several chemical and morphological imaging 780:821 several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions 780:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 45 theme variations 1418:1427 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 45 theme variations 1418:1427 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 45 theme variations 1418:1427 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 45 theme variations 1418:1427 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 46 theme analysis 1207:1214 arg1 strategy 1216:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 47 theme several 569:575 arg1 surfaces 583:590 several metal surfaces 569:590 several metal surfaces 569:590 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 1 48 theme surrounding 256:266 arg1 environment 268:278 their surrounding environment 250:278 their surrounding environment 250:278 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 7 49 theme drip 1597:1600 arg1 biofilms 1607:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 4 50 theme Shewanella 619:628 arg1 F1 612:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 50 theme Shewanella 619:628 arg1 organisms 669:677 model organisms 663:677 model organisms 663:677 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 50 theme Shewanella 619:628 arg1 MR-1 641:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 7 51 theme flow 1602:1605 arg1 biofilms 1607:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 7 52 theme influenced 1734:1743 arg1 corrosion 1745:1753 microbially influenced corrosion 1722:1753 microbially influenced corrosion 1722:1753 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 53 theme imaging 815:821 arg1 application 765:775 the application 761:775 the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions 761:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 2 54 theme versatile 311:319 arg1 workflow 321:328 a simple and versatile workflow 298:328 a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 298:415 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 6 55 theme lipids 1283:1288 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 55 theme lipids 1283:1288 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 55 theme lipids 1283:1288 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 55 theme lipids 1283:1288 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 56 theme platform 731:738 arg1 versatility 711:721 versatility 711:721 versatility 711:721 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 5 56 theme platform 731:738 arg1 utility 699:705 utility 699:705 utility 699:705 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 3 57 theme surfaces 583:590 arg1 interface 556:564 the air-liquid interface 541:564 the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces 541:590 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 5 58 theme secondary 915:923 arg1 spectrometry 934:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry 915:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging 915:953 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 4 59 theme model 663:667 arg1 F1 612:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 593:613 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 59 theme model 663:667 arg1 organisms 669:677 model organisms 663:677 model organisms 663:677 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 4 59 theme model 663:667 arg1 MR-1 641:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 619:644 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 6 60 theme present 1462:1468 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 61 theme mass 929:932 arg1 spectrometry 934:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry 915:945 secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging 915:953 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 62 theme substrate 1441:1449 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 7 63 dep single 1573:1578 arg1 biofilms 1607:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 drip flow biofilms 1597:1614 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 64 from discovery 1343:1351 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 64 from discovery 1343:1351 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 64 from discovery 1343:1351 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 65 theme model 1020:1024 arg1 systems 1026:1032 model systems 1020:1032 model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions 1020:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 2 66 theme simple 300:305 arg1 workflow 321:328 a simple and versatile workflow 298:328 a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 298:415 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 6 67 theme tandem 1139:1144 arg1 spectrometry 1151:1162 tandem mass spectrometry 1139:1162 tandem mass spectrometry 1139:1162 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 68 theme chemical 788:795 arg1 imaging 815:821 several chemical and morphological imaging 780:821 several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions 780:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 1 69 theme microbial 143:151 arg1 biofilms 153:160 microbial biofilms 143:160 microbial biofilms 143:160 The inherent architectural and chemical complexities of microbial biofilms mask our understanding of how these communities form, survive, propagate, and influence their surrounding environment. 29723465 0 70 theme Biofilms 77:84 arg1 Imaging 46:52 Imaging 46:52 Imaging 46:52 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 29723465 0 70 theme Biofilms 77:84 arg1 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 29723465 6 71 theme techniques 1108:1117 arg1 Implementation 1084:1097 Implementation 1084:1097 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1084:1223 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 72 from oligosaccharides 1296:1311 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 4 73 dep Pseudomonas 593:603 arg1 putida 605:610 putida 605:610 putida 605:610 Pseudomonas putida F1 and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were selected as model organisms for this study. 29723465 5 74 theme compositions 1070:1081 arg1 substrates 1048:1057 iron substrates 1043:1057 iron substrates of varying compositions 1043:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 75 theme component 1197:1205 arg1 analysis 1207:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 76 from Implementation 1084:1097 arg1 combination 1122:1132 combination 1122:1132 combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1122:1223 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 2 77 theme ecosystems 406:415 arg1 characterization 354:369 characterization 354:369 characterization 354:369 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 2 77 theme ecosystems 406:415 arg1 cultivation 338:348 cultivation 338:348 cultivation 338:348 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 5 78 theme mass 888:891 arg1 spectrometry 893:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 844:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 79 theme imaging 1179:1185 arg1 analysis 1207:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 a two-step imaging principal component analysis 1168:1214 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 80 dep utility 699:705 arg1 The 695:697 The 695:697 The 695:697 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 2 81 theme flow-cell-based 380:394 arg1 ecosystems 406:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems 374:415 Here we describe a simple and versatile workflow for the cultivation and characterization of model flow-cell-based microbial ecosystems. 29723465 6 82 from morphology 1451:1460 arg1 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 identification 1241:1254 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 82 from morphology 1451:1460 arg1 discovery 1343:1351 the discovery 1339:1351 the discovery of interaction-specific analytes 1339:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 82 from morphology 1451:1460 arg1 observation 1395:1405 the observation 1391:1405 the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion 1391:1508 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 82 from morphology 1451:1460 arg1 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 characterization 1260:1275 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 83 theme iron 1043:1046 arg1 substrates 1048:1057 iron substrates 1043:1057 iron substrates of varying compositions 1043:1081 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 6 84 theme interaction-specific 1356:1375 arg1 analytes 1377:1384 interaction-specific analytes 1356:1384 interaction-specific analytes 1356:1384 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 85 theme spectrometry 1151:1162 arg1 strategy 1216:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy 1139:1223 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 86 theme drip 441:444 arg1 reactor 451:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 6 87 from identification 1241:1254 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 87 from identification 1241:1254 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 87 from identification 1241:1254 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 5 88 theme laser 860:864 arg1 spectrometry 893:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 844:904 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging 844:912 The utility and versatility of this platform was demonstrated via the application of several chemical and morphological imaging techniques-including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging, secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging, and scanning electron microscopy-and through the examination of model systems grown on iron substrates of varying compositions. 29723465 7 89 theme microbe-microbe 1688:1702 arg1 interactions 1704:1715 microbe-microbe interactions 1688:1715 microbe-microbe interactions 1688:1715 The presented workflow is well-suited for examination of both single and multispecies drip flow biofilms and offers a platform for fundamental inquiries into biofilm formation, microbe-microbe interactions, and microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 90 theme customized 420:429 arg1 reactor 451:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor 418:457 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 6 91 from characterization 1260:1275 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 91 from characterization 1260:1275 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 91 from characterization 1260:1275 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 3 92 theme flow-cell 519:527 arg1 biofilms 529:536 single and coculture flow-cell biofilms 498:536 single and coculture flow-cell biofilms 498:536 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 3 93 theme air-liquid 545:554 arg1 interface 556:564 the air-liquid interface 541:564 the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces 541:590 A customized low-shear drip flow reactor was designed and employed to cultivate single and coculture flow-cell biofilms at the air-liquid interface of several metal surfaces. 29723465 6 94 from observation 1395:1405 arg1 biofilms 1329:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 P. putida F1 biofilms 1316:1336 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 94 from observation 1395:1405 arg1 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 cell 1432:1435 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 6 94 from observation 1395:1405 arg1 morphology 1451:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 substrate morphology 1441:1460 Implementation of these techniques in combination with tandem mass spectrometry and a two-step imaging principal component analysis strategy resulted in the identification and characterization of 23 lipids and 3 oligosaccharides in P. putida F1 biofilms, the discovery of interaction-specific analytes, and the observation of several variations in cell and substrate morphology present during microbially influenced corrosion. 29723465 0 95 theme Versatile 2:10 arg1 Strategy 12:19 A Versatile Strategy 0:19 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 0:85 A Versatile Strategy for Characterization and Imaging of Drip Flow Microbial Biofilms. 30413099 0 0 theme Biocomposites 76:88 arg1 Self-Assembly 46:58 the Self-Assembly 42:58 the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites 42:88 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 5 1 theme Scanning 1098:1105 arg1 DSC 1120:1122 DSC 1120:1122 DSC 1120:1122 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 1 theme Scanning 1098:1105 arg1 Calorimetry 1107:1117 Differential Scanning Calorimetry 1085:1117 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 1085:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 4 2 theme graphene 829:836 arg1 oxide 838:842 reduced graphene oxide 821:842 reduced graphene oxide 821:842 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 0 3 theme Lignin-Based 63:74 arg1 Biocomposites 76:88 Lignin-Based Biocomposites 63:88 Lignin-Based Biocomposites 63:88 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 4 4 theme reduced 821:827 arg1 oxide 838:842 reduced graphene oxide 821:842 reduced graphene oxide 821:842 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 3 5 theme reduced 512:518 arg1 rGO 536:538 rGO 536:538 rGO 536:538 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 3 5 theme reduced 512:518 arg1 oxide 529:533 reduced graphene oxide 512:533 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 512:539 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 6 6 theme concentration 1265:1277 arg1 function 1240:1247 a function 1238:1247 a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO 1238:1306 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 8 7 from changes 1533:1539 arg1 crystallinity 1558:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 5 8 theme Electron 1009:1016 arg1 SEM 1030:1032 SEM 1030:1032 SEM 1030:1032 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 8 theme Electron 1009:1016 arg1 Microscope 1018:1027 Scanning Electron Microscope 1000:1027 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques 1000:1044 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 9 theme Reflectance 936:946 arg1 Fourier 948:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 919:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 919:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 8 10 from aggregations 1516:1527 arg1 crystallinity 1558:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 4 11 theme oxide 838:842 arg1 addition 809:816 the addition 805:816 the addition of reduced graphene oxide 805:842 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 5 12 dep Fourier 948:954 arg1 Transform 956:964 Transform 956:964 Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 956:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 6 13 dep films 1172:1176 arg1 character 1217:1225 structural, morphological and thermal character 1179:1225 the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character 1156:1225 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 7 14 theme glass 1351:1355 arg1 transition 1357:1366 the glass transition temperature and topography 1347:1393 the glass transition temperature and topography 1347:1393 We also observed a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography. 30413099 3 15 theme physicochemical 464:478 arg1 properties 480:489 the morphological and physicochemical properties 442:489 the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan 442:639 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 1 16 theme unknown 178:184 arg1 immiscibility 130:142 Lignin's immiscibility 121:142 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 16 theme unknown 178:184 arg1 behaviors 198:206 its unknown association behaviors 174:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 16 theme unknown 178:184 arg1 factors 218:224 major factors 212:224 major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials 212:307 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 0 17 theme Ionic 106:110 arg1 Liquids 112:118 Ionic Liquids 106:118 Ionic Liquids 106:118 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 8 18 theme aggregations 1516:1527 arg1 reduction 1499:1507 a reduction 1497:1507 a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity 1497:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 1 19 with immiscibility 130:142 arg1 polymers 154:161 most polymers 149:161 most polymers 149:161 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 5 20 theme Infrared 966:973 arg1 spectroscopy 975:986 Infrared spectroscopy 966:986 Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 966:997 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 8 21 theme rGO 1439:1441 arg1 addition 1427:1434 the addition 1423:1434 the addition of rGO 1423:1441 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 8 22 theme π-π 1512:1514 arg1 aggregations 1516:1527 π-π aggregations 1512:1527 π-π aggregations 1512:1527 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 8 23 from crystallinity 1558:1570 arg1 reduction 1499:1507 a reduction 1497:1507 a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity 1497:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 2 24 theme other 385:389 arg1 materials 391:399 other materials 385:399 other materials 385:399 To fully utilize lignin, an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials is needed. 30413099 8 25 theme changes 1533:1539 arg1 reduction 1499:1507 a reduction 1497:1507 a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity 1497:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 1 26 dep along 163:167 arg1 with 169:172 with 169:172 with 169:172 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 7 27 from change 1337:1342 arg1 transition 1357:1366 the glass transition temperature and topography 1347:1393 the glass transition temperature and topography 1347:1393 We also observed a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography. 30413099 1 28 theme association 186:196 arg1 immiscibility 130:142 Lignin's immiscibility 121:142 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 28 theme association 186:196 arg1 behaviors 198:206 its unknown association behaviors 174:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 28 theme association 186:196 arg1 factors 218:224 major factors 212:224 major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials 212:307 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 0 29 theme Reduced 12:18 arg1 Oxide 29:33 Reduced Graphene Oxide 12:33 Reduced Graphene Oxide 12:33 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 4 30 theme lignin 701:706 arg1 molecule 708:715 the lignin molecule 697:715 the lignin molecule 697:715 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 5 31 theme Attenuated 919:928 arg1 Fourier 948:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 919:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 919:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 3 32 theme material 558:565 arg1 composition 567:577 material composition 558:577 material composition 558:577 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 5 33 theme Total 930:934 arg1 Fourier 948:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 919:954 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 919:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 2 34 theme interaction 368:378 arg1 understanding 347:359 an improved understanding 335:359 an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials 335:399 To fully utilize lignin, an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials is needed. 30413099 0 35 theme Oxide 29:33 arg1 Role 4:7 The Role 0:7 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites 0:88 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 1 36 theme materials 299:307 arg1 production 285:294 the production 281:294 the production of materials 281:307 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 6 37 theme rGO 1304:1306 arg1 addition 1292:1299 the addition 1288:1299 the addition of rGO 1288:1306 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 5 38 theme Thermogravimetric 1047:1063 arg1 TGA 1075:1077 TGA 1075:1077 TGA 1075:1077 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 38 theme Thermogravimetric 1047:1063 arg1 Analysis 1065:1072 Thermogravimetric Analysis 1047:1072 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 1047:1078 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 6 39 theme thermal 1209:1215 arg1 character 1217:1225 structural, morphological and thermal character 1179:1225 the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character 1156:1225 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 4 40 theme main 646:649 arg1 motivation 651:660 The main motivation 642:660 The main motivation for this work 642:674 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 1 41 theme major 212:216 arg1 immiscibility 130:142 Lignin's immiscibility 121:142 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 41 theme major 212:216 arg1 behaviors 198:206 its unknown association behaviors 174:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors 121:206 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 1 41 theme major 212:216 arg1 factors 218:224 major factors 212:224 major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials 212:307 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 0 42 theme Graphene 20:27 arg1 Oxide 29:33 Reduced Graphene Oxide 12:33 Reduced Graphene Oxide 12:33 The Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide toward the Self-Assembly of Lignin-Based Biocomposites Fabricated from Ionic Liquids. 30413099 5 43 dep spectroscopy 975:986 arg1 ATR-FTIR 989:996 ATR-FTIR 989:996 ATR-FTIR 989:996 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 3 44 theme tertiary 584:591 arg1 system 593:598 a tertiary system 582:598 a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan 582:639 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 3 45 theme morphological 446:458 arg1 properties 480:489 the morphological and physicochemical properties 442:489 the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan 442:639 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 8 46 theme cellulose 1548:1556 arg1 crystallinity 1558:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 3 47 theme composition 567:577 arg1 function 546:553 a function 544:553 a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan 544:639 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 2 48 theme improved 338:345 arg1 understanding 347:359 an improved understanding 335:359 an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials 335:399 To fully utilize lignin, an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials is needed. 30413099 8 49 from reduction 1499:1507 arg1 crystallinity 1558:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 the cellulose crystallinity 1544:1570 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 7 50 dep transition 1357:1366 arg1 topography 1384:1393 topography 1384:1393 topography 1384:1393 We also observed a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography. 30413099 7 50 dep transition 1357:1366 arg1 temperature 1368:1378 temperature 1368:1378 temperature 1368:1378 We also observed a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography. 30413099 5 51 theme Microscope 1018:1027 arg1 techniques 1035:1044 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques 1000:1044 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques 1000:1044 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 8 52 theme Final 1396:1400 arg1 analysis 1402:1409 Final analysis 1396:1409 Final analysis 1396:1409 Final analysis showed that the addition of rGO prevented the macromolecules to self-assemble through a reduction of π-π aggregations and changes in the cellulose crystallinity. 30413099 6 53 theme regenerated 1160:1170 arg1 films 1172:1176 the regenerated films 1156:1176 the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character 1156:1225 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 6 54 theme lignin-xylan 1252:1263 arg1 concentration 1265:1277 lignin-xylan concentration 1252:1277 lignin-xylan concentration 1252:1277 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 6 55 theme structural 1179:1188 arg1 character 1217:1225 structural, morphological and thermal character 1179:1225 the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character 1156:1225 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 4 56 theme other 759:763 arg1 macromolecules 773:786 other natural macromolecules 759:786 other natural macromolecules 759:786 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 5 57 theme Scanning 1000:1007 arg1 SEM 1030:1032 SEM 1030:1032 SEM 1030:1032 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 57 theme Scanning 1000:1007 arg1 Microscope 1018:1027 Scanning Electron Microscope 1000:1027 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques 1000:1044 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 3 58 from function 546:553 arg1 system 593:598 a tertiary system 582:598 a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan 582:639 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 2 59 with interaction 368:378 arg1 materials 391:399 other materials 385:399 other materials 385:399 To fully utilize lignin, an improved understanding of its interaction with other materials is needed. 30413099 7 60 theme dramatic 1328:1335 arg1 change 1337:1342 a dramatic change 1326:1342 a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography 1326:1393 We also observed a dramatic change in the glass transition temperature and topography. 30413099 1 61 theme most 149:152 arg1 polymers 154:161 most polymers 149:161 most polymers 149:161 Lignin's immiscibility with most polymers along with its unknown association behaviors are major factors that contribute to its disposal and processability for the production of materials. 30413099 5 62 theme fabricated 849:858 arg1 biocomposites 860:872 The fabricated biocomposites 845:872 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO 845:893 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 4 63 theme macromolecules 773:786 arg1 presence 747:754 the presence 743:754 the presence of other natural macromolecules 743:786 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 6 64 theme morphological 1191:1203 arg1 character 1217:1225 structural, morphological and thermal character 1179:1225 the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character 1156:1225 The results demonstrated that the regenerated films' structural, morphological and thermal character changed as a function of lignin-xylan concentration and upon the addition of rGO. 30413099 3 65 theme graphene 520:527 arg1 rGO 536:538 rGO 536:538 rGO 536:538 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 3 65 theme graphene 520:527 arg1 oxide 529:533 reduced graphene oxide 512:533 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 512:539 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30413099 5 66 theme Differential 1085:1096 arg1 DSC 1120:1122 DSC 1120:1122 DSC 1120:1122 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 5 66 theme Differential 1085:1096 arg1 Calorimetry 1107:1117 Differential Scanning Calorimetry 1085:1117 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 1085:1123 The fabricated biocomposites with and without rGO were investigated using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). 30413099 4 67 theme natural 765:771 arg1 macromolecules 773:786 other natural macromolecules 759:786 other natural macromolecules 759:786 The main motivation for this work is to understand how the lignin molecule associates and behaves in the presence of other natural macromolecules, as well as with the addition of reduced graphene oxide. 30413099 3 68 theme oxide 529:533 arg1 addition 500:507 the addition 496:507 the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 496:539 In this study, we investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties upon the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a function of material composition in a tertiary system comprised of lignin, cellulose and xylan. 30447527 4 0 theme hydraulic 698:706 arg1 permeability 708:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 10 1 theme silver 1663:1668 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 9 2 theme contact 1526:1532 arg1 time 1534:1537 contact time 1526:1537 contact time 1526:1537 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 12 3 theme metallic 1875:1882 arg1 form 1893:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 12 4 theme ionic 1887:1891 arg1 form 1893:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 4 5 theme silver 789:794 arg1 ion 796:798 silver ion 789:798 silver ion 789:798 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 13 6 theme flux 1908:1911 arg1 membranes 1938:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes 1899:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties 1899:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 11 7 theme more 1700:1703 arg1 reduction 1687:1695 A reduction 1685:1695 A reduction 1685:1695 A reduction of more than 6-log, in the number of Escherichia coli, was achieved for both membranes. 30447527 2 8 theme coated 339:344 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 8 theme coated 339:344 arg1 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 8 theme coated 339:344 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 1 9 theme composite 226:234 arg1 membranes 236:244 nanofiltration composite membranes 211:244 nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties 211:272 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 0 10 theme exchanged 147:155 arg1 zeolites 157:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 2 11 theme silver 368:373 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 11 theme silver 368:373 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 12 theme cellulose 279:287 arg1 membranes 303:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes 275:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite 275:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 4 13 theme % 833:833 arg1 increase 835:842 a 56.3% increase 827:842 a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability 827:868 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 2 14 theme based 297:301 arg1 membranes 303:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes 275:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite 275:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 13 15 theme biofouling 2021:2030 arg1 control 2032:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 0 16 theme acetate/silver 85:98 arg1 nanoparticles 100:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 12 17 theme bactericide 1811:1821 arg1 activity 1823:1830 bactericide activity 1811:1830 bactericide activity 1811:1830 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 10 18 theme bacterial 1543:1551 arg1 activity 1553:1560 No bacterial activity 1540:1560 No bacterial activity 1540:1560 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 6 19 dep % 1104:1104 arg1 to 1099:1100 to 1099:1100 to 1099:1100 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 12 20 from speciation 1861:1870 arg1 form 1893:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 metallic or ionic form 1875:1896 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 0 21 theme acetate/silver 128:141 arg1 zeolites 157:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 4 22 dep zeolite 807:813 arg1 resulted 815:822 resulted 815:822 resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability 815:868 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 6 23 theme % 1163:1163 arg1 % 1170:1170 84% to 97% 1161:1170 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1161:1227 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 13 24 theme water 2005:2009 arg1 control 2032:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 9 25 theme ion-exchanged 1424:1436 arg1 membrane 1448:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 9 25 theme ion-exchanged 1424:1436 arg1 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 4 26 theme threefold 663:671 arg1 increase 673:680 a threefold increase 661:680 a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability 661:719 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 3 27 theme nanofiltration 542:555 arg1 performance 568:578 the nanofiltration permeation performance 538:578 the nanofiltration permeation performance 538:578 They are characterized in terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties. 30447527 0 28 theme bactericide 14:24 arg1 activity 26:33 bactericide activity 14:33 bactericide activity 14:33 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 1 29 theme present 171:177 arg1 work 179:182 The present work 167:182 The present work 167:182 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 10 30 theme time 1601:1604 arg1 24 h 1585:1588 24 h 1585:1588 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1585:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 6 31 dep % 1170:1170 arg1 to 1165:1166 to 1165:1166 to 1165:1166 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 5 32 theme silver 903:908 arg1 presence 910:917 silver presence 903:917 silver presence 903:917 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 6 33 theme ion-exchanged 1121:1133 arg1 membrane 1143:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 4 34 theme silver 631:636 arg1 nanoparticles 638:650 silver nanoparticles 631:650 silver nanoparticles 631:650 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 10 35 theme coated 1656:1661 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 3 36 theme antibacterial 584:596 arg1 properties 598:607 antibacterial properties 584:607 antibacterial properties 584:607 They are characterized in terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties. 30447527 0 37 theme composite 53:61 arg1 membranes 63:71 nanofiltration composite membranes 38:71 nanofiltration composite membranes 38:71 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 4 38 dep membranes 754:762 arg1 the 738:740 the 738:740 the 738:740 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 6 39 theme silver 1208:1213 arg1 nanoparticles 1215:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 10 40 theme containing 1624:1633 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 13 41 with membranes 1938:1946 arg1 properties 1966:1975 bactericidal properties 1953:1975 bactericidal properties 1953:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 3 42 theme performance 568:578 arg1 terms 529:533 terms 529:533 terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties 529:607 They are characterized in terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties. 30447527 4 43 from increase 835:842 arg1 permeability 857:868 hydraulic permeability 847:868 hydraulic permeability 847:868 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 6 44 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 1180:1199 arg1 nanoparticles 1215:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 13 45 theme nanofiltration 1913:1926 arg1 membranes 1938:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes 1899:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties 1899:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 11 46 theme coli 1746:1749 arg1 number 1724:1729 the number 1720:1729 the number of Escherichia coli 1720:1749 A reduction of more than 6-log, in the number of Escherichia coli, was achieved for both membranes. 30447527 5 47 theme presence 910:917 arg1 influence 890:898 the influence 886:898 the influence of silver presence 886:917 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 0 48 dep Synthesis 0:8 arg1 nanoparticles 100:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 0 48 dep Synthesis 0:8 arg1 zeolites 157:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 2 49 theme phase 431:435 arg1 technique 447:455 the phase inversion technique 427:455 the phase inversion technique 427:455 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 4 50 theme membrane 689:696 arg1 permeability 708:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 9 51 theme time 1534:1537 arg1 210 min 1515:1521 just 210 min 1510:1521 just 210 min of contact time 1510:1537 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 13 52 theme high 1903:1906 arg1 membranes 1938:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes 1899:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties 1899:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 2 53 theme silver 346:351 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 53 theme silver 346:351 arg1 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 53 theme silver 346:351 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 12 54 theme silver 1854:1859 arg1 speciation 1861:1870 the silver speciation 1850:1870 the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form 1850:1896 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 1 55 theme nanofiltration 211:224 arg1 membranes 236:244 nanofiltration composite membranes 211:244 nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties 211:272 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 4 56 theme ion 796:798 arg1 membranes 754:762 silver-free membranes 742:762 silver-free membranes 742:762 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 4 56 theme ion 796:798 arg1 incorporation 772:784 the incorporation 768:784 the incorporation of silver ion 768:798 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 2 57 theme ion-exchanged 375:387 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 57 theme ion-exchanged 375:387 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 1 58 theme membranes 236:244 arg1 synthesis 198:206 the synthesis 194:206 the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties 194:272 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 6 59 theme salts 1078:1082 arg1 range 1084:1088 salts range 1078:1088 salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane 1078:1236 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 5 60 dep influence 890:898 arg1 contrast 874:881 contrast 874:881 contrast 874:881 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 2 61 theme acetate 289:295 arg1 membranes 303:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes 275:311 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite 275:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 8 62 theme membranes 1334:1342 arg1 properties 1316:1325 The antibacterial properties 1298:1325 The antibacterial properties of the membranes 1298:1342 The antibacterial properties of the membranes were evaluated against Escherichia coli. 30447527 5 63 theme ionic 951:955 arg1 form 957:960 the ionic form 947:960 the ionic form 947:960 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 2 64 with membranes 303:311 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 64 with membranes 303:311 arg1 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 64 with membranes 303:311 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 7 65 theme chloride 1282:1289 arg1 salts 1291:1295 chloride salts 1282:1295 chloride salts 1282:1295 They are higher for sulfate salts than for chloride salts. 30447527 11 66 from reduction 1687:1695 arg1 number 1724:1729 the number 1720:1729 the number of Escherichia coli 1720:1749 A reduction of more than 6-log, in the number of Escherichia coli, was achieved for both membranes. 30447527 8 67 theme antibacterial 1302:1314 arg1 properties 1316:1325 The antibacterial properties 1298:1325 The antibacterial properties of the membranes 1298:1342 The antibacterial properties of the membranes were evaluated against Escherichia coli. 30447527 4 68 theme 56.3 829:832 arg1 % 833:833 % 833:833 % 833:833 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 2 69 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 arg1 nanoparticles 353:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 318:365 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 69 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 arg1 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 β-zeolite 403:411 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 2 69 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 arg1 β-zeolite 389:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite 368:397 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 5 70 theme hydraulic 1024:1032 arg1 permeability 1034:1045 the hydraulic permeability 1020:1045 the hydraulic permeability 1020:1045 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 12 71 theme activity 1823:1830 arg1 patterns 1799:1806 The different patterns 1785:1806 The different patterns of bactericide activity 1785:1830 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 6 72 theme silver 1114:1119 arg1 membrane 1143:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 0 73 theme Cellulose 75:83 arg1 nanoparticles 100:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles 75:112 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 5 74 theme zeolite 979:985 arg1 presence 967:974 the presence 963:974 the presence of zeolite 963:985 In contrast to the influence of silver presence, either in nanometric or in the ionic form, the presence of zeolite does not significantly influence the hydraulic permeability. 30447527 13 75 theme treatment 2011:2019 arg1 control 2032:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 12 76 theme different 1789:1797 arg1 patterns 1799:1806 The different patterns 1785:1806 The different patterns of bactericide activity 1785:1830 The different patterns of bactericide activity are associated to the silver speciation in metallic or ionic form. 30447527 6 77 from % 1104:1104 arg1 membrane 1229:1236 membrane 1229:1236 membrane 1229:1236 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 6 77 from % 1104:1104 arg1 % 1170:1170 84% to 97% 1161:1170 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1161:1227 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 0 78 theme cellulose 118:126 arg1 zeolites 157:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 9 79 from effective 1461:1469 arg1 coli 1499:1502 inactivating Escherichia coli 1474:1502 inactivating Escherichia coli 1474:1502 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 6 80 theme % 1097:1097 arg1 % 1104:1104 83% to 93% 1095:1104 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1095:1150 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 13 81 theme strong 1989:1994 arg1 asset 1996:2000 a strong asset 1987:2000 a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control 1987:2038 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 0 82 theme ion 143:145 arg1 zeolites 157:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites 118:164 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 7 83 theme sulfate 1259:1265 arg1 salts 1267:1271 sulfate salts 1259:1271 sulfate salts 1259:1271 They are higher for sulfate salts than for chloride salts. 30447527 9 84 theme silver 1417:1422 arg1 membrane 1448:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 9 84 theme silver 1417:1422 arg1 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 4 85 theme hydraulic 847:855 arg1 permeability 857:868 hydraulic permeability 847:868 hydraulic permeability 847:868 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 13 86 theme bactericidal 1953:1964 arg1 properties 1966:1975 bactericidal properties 1953:1975 bactericidal properties 1953:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 4 87 from increase 673:680 arg1 permeability 708:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 the membrane hydraulic permeability 685:719 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 9 88 theme β-zeolite 1438:1446 arg1 membrane 1448:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 9 88 theme β-zeolite 1438:1446 arg1 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 3 89 theme permeation 557:566 arg1 performance 568:578 the nanofiltration permeation performance 538:578 the nanofiltration permeation performance 538:578 They are characterized in terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties. 30447527 0 90 theme nanofiltration 38:51 arg1 membranes 63:71 nanofiltration composite membranes 38:71 nanofiltration composite membranes 38:71 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 1 91 with membranes 236:244 arg1 properties 263:272 bactericide properties 251:272 bactericide properties 251:272 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 1 92 theme bactericide 251:261 arg1 properties 263:272 bactericide properties 251:272 bactericide properties 251:272 The present work addresses the synthesis of nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericide properties. 30447527 10 93 with 24 h 1585:1588 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 6 94 theme zeolite 1135:1141 arg1 membrane 1143:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane 1110:1150 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 4 95 theme nanoparticles 638:650 arg1 incorporation 614:626 The incorporation 610:626 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles 610:650 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 10 96 theme contact 1593:1599 arg1 time 1601:1604 contact time 1593:1604 contact time 1593:1604 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 2 97 theme annealing 477:485 arg1 post-treatment 487:500 an annealing post-treatment 474:500 an annealing post-treatment 474:500 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 30447527 0 98 theme membranes 63:71 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 0 98 theme membranes 63:71 arg1 activity 26:33 bactericide activity 14:33 bactericide activity 14:33 Synthesis and bactericide activity of nanofiltration composite membranes - Cellulose acetate/silver nanoparticles and cellulose acetate/silver ion exchanged zeolites. 30447527 10 99 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 1635:1654 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 3 100 theme properties 598:607 arg1 terms 529:533 terms 529:533 terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties 529:607 They are characterized in terms of the nanofiltration permeation performance and antibacterial properties. 30447527 13 101 from asset 1996:2000 arg1 control 2032:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 water treatment biofouling control 2005:2038 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 9 102 from coli 1499:1502 arg1 membrane 1448:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane 1413:1455 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 9 102 from coli 1499:1502 arg1 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 effective 1461:1469 The results have shown that the silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite membrane was effective in inactivating Escherichia coli after just 210 min of contact time. 30447527 6 103 theme coated 1201:1206 arg1 nanoparticles 1215:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1176:1227 The rejection coefficients to salts range from 83% to 93% for the silver ion-exchanged zeolite membrane and from 84% to 97% for the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles membrane. 30447527 10 104 theme membrane 1615:1622 arg1 nanoparticles 1670:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles 1611:1682 No bacterial activity was detected following 24 h of contact time with the membrane containing polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. 30447527 4 105 theme silver-free 742:752 arg1 membranes 754:762 silver-free membranes 742:762 silver-free membranes 742:762 The incorporation of silver nanoparticles produces a threefold increase in the membrane hydraulic permeability when compared to the silver-free membranes and the incorporation of silver ion loaded zeolite resulted in a 56.3% increase in hydraulic permeability. 30447527 13 106 theme composite 1928:1936 arg1 membranes 1938:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes 1899:1946 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties 1899:1975 The high flux nanofiltration composite membranes with bactericidal properties represent a strong asset in water treatment biofouling control. 30447527 2 107 theme inversion 437:445 arg1 technique 447:455 the phase inversion technique 427:455 the phase inversion technique 427:455 The cellulose acetate based membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles, silver ion-exchanged β-zeolite and β-zeolite are casted by the phase inversion technique and subjected to an annealing post-treatment. 29455994 2 0 theme wax 451:453 arg1 contents 455:462 wax contents 451:462 wax contents 451:462 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 6 1 theme treated 899:905 arg1 CGF 907:909 the alkali treated CGF 888:909 the alkali treated CGF 888:909 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 1 2 theme thermal 143:149 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 6 3 theme polymer 982:988 arg1 composites 990:999 polymer composites 982:999 polymer composites 982:999 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 6 4 theme alkali 892:897 arg1 CGF 907:909 the alkali treated CGF 888:909 the alkali treated CGF 888:909 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 1 5 from time 281:284 arg1 work 294:297 this work 289:297 this work 289:297 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 4 6 theme due 742:744 arg1 73.43 kJ/mol 714:725 73.43 kJ/mol 714:725 73.43 kJ/mol 714:725 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 2 7 theme chemical 319:326 arg1 analysis 328:335 the chemical analysis 315:335 the chemical analysis 315:335 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 4 8 dep 220.6 °C 685:692 arg1 213.4 °C 673:680 213.4 °C 673:680 213.4 °C 673:680 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 4 9 theme alkali 749:754 arg1 treatment 756:764 alkali treatment 749:764 alkali treatment 749:764 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 2 10 theme alkali 358:363 arg1 treatment 365:373 alkali treatment 358:373 alkali treatment 358:373 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 5 11 theme statistical 771:781 arg1 approach 783:790 The statistical approach 767:790 The statistical approach 767:790 The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was adopted to analyze the tensile properties. 29455994 5 11 theme statistical 771:781 arg1 distribution 801:812 Weibull distribution 793:812 Weibull distribution 793:812 The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was adopted to analyze the tensile properties. 29455994 6 12 theme improved 865:872 arg1 properties 874:883 The improved properties 861:883 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF 861:909 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 3 13 theme tensile 504:510 arg1 strength 512:519 tensile strength 504:519 tensile strength 504:519 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 4 14 theme activation 629:638 arg1 energy 640:645 activation energy 629:645 activation energy 629:645 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 1 15 theme morphological 164:176 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 2 16 theme CGFs 401:404 arg1 content 390:396 the cellulose content 376:396 the cellulose content of CGFs 376:404 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 3 17 theme thermal 543:549 arg1 stability 551:559 thermal stability 543:559 thermal stability 543:559 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 5 18 theme Weibull 793:799 arg1 approach 783:790 The statistical approach 767:790 The statistical approach 767:790 The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was adopted to analyze the tensile properties. 29455994 5 18 theme Weibull 793:799 arg1 distribution 801:812 Weibull distribution 793:812 Weibull distribution 793:812 The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was adopted to analyze the tensile properties. 29455994 6 19 theme appropriate 940:950 arg1 it 925:926 it 925:926 it 925:926 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 6 19 theme appropriate 940:950 arg1 material 952:959 an appropriate material 937:959 an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites 937:999 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 1 20 theme physical 101:108 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 2 21 theme cellulose 380:388 arg1 content 390:396 the cellulose content 376:396 the cellulose content of CGFs 376:404 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 0 22 theme raw 20:22 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of raw 0:22 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 0 22 theme raw 20:22 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 3 23 dep strength 512:519 arg1 the 500:502 the 500:502 the 500:502 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 0 24 from Coccinia 77:84 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of raw 0:22 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 0 24 from Coccinia 77:84 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 1 25 theme raw 192:194 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 0 26 theme treated 35:41 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 1 27 theme first 275:279 arg1 time 281:284 the first time 271:284 the first time in this work 271:297 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 6 28 from material 952:959 arg1 composites 990:999 polymer composites 982:999 polymer composites 982:999 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 0 29 theme alkali 28:33 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 4 30 dep stability 615:623 arg1 The 603:605 The 603:605 The 603:605 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 1 31 theme alkali 200:205 arg1 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 1 31 theme alkali 200:205 arg1 Fibers 234:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers 200:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 200:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 0 32 theme natural 47:53 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 1 33 theme chemical 111:118 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 0 34 theme new 43:45 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 3 35 theme CGFs 597:600 arg1 strength 512:519 tensile strength 504:519 tensile strength 504:519 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 3 35 theme CGFs 597:600 arg1 index 536:540 crystallinity index 522:540 crystallinity index 522:540 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 3 35 theme CGFs 597:600 arg1 stability 551:559 thermal stability 543:559 thermal stability 543:559 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 3 35 theme CGFs 597:600 arg1 roughness 569:577 the roughness 565:577 the roughness 565:577 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 1 36 theme tensile 121:127 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 3 37 theme crystallinity 522:534 arg1 index 536:540 crystallinity index 522:540 crystallinity index 522:540 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 1 38 theme treated 207:213 arg1 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 1 38 theme treated 207:213 arg1 Fibers 234:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers 200:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 200:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 4 39 theme CGFs 654:657 arg1 stability 615:623 thermal stability 607:623 thermal stability 607:623 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 4 39 theme CGFs 654:657 arg1 energy 640:645 activation energy 629:645 activation energy 629:645 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 1 40 theme Coccinia 215:222 arg1 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 1 40 theme Coccinia 215:222 arg1 Fibers 234:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers 200:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 200:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 4 41 theme thermal 607:613 arg1 stability 615:623 thermal stability 607:623 thermal stability 607:623 The thermal stability and activation energy of the CGFs improved from 213.4 °C to 220.6 °C and 67.02 kJ/mol to 73.43 kJ/mol, respectively, due to alkali treatment. 29455994 1 42 theme crystalline 130:140 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 5 43 theme tensile 841:847 arg1 properties 849:858 the tensile properties 837:858 the tensile properties 837:858 The statistical approach, Weibull distribution was adopted to analyze the tensile properties. 29455994 1 44 theme Grandis.L 224:232 arg1 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 CGFs 242:245 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 1 44 theme Grandis.L 224:232 arg1 Fibers 234:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers 200:239 alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 200:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29455994 0 45 theme cellulosic 55:64 arg1 fiber 66:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber 28:70 alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 28:95 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis.L. 29455994 6 46 theme CGF 907:909 arg1 properties 874:883 The improved properties 861:883 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF 861:909 The improved properties of the alkali treated CGF indicate that it could be an appropriate material for reinforcement in polymer composites. 29455994 3 47 theme alkali-treated 582:595 arg1 CGFs 597:600 alkali-treated CGFs 582:600 alkali-treated CGFs 582:600 This directly influenced the tensile strength, crystallinity index, thermal stability and the roughness of alkali-treated CGFs. 29455994 2 48 theme analysis 328:335 arg1 results 304:310 The results 300:310 The results of the chemical analysis 300:335 The results of the chemical analysis indicate that, after alkali treatment, the cellulose content of CGFs increased whereas hemicelluloses, lignin and wax contents decreased. 29455994 1 49 theme Fibers 234:239 arg1 properties 178:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties 97:187 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) 97:246 The physical, chemical, tensile, crystalline, thermal, and surface morphological properties of raw and alkali treated Coccinia Grandis.L Fibers (CGFs) were characterized for the first time in this work. 29680501 9 0 from agent 1383:1387 arg1 industry 1397:1404 food industry 1392:1404 food industry 1392:1404 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 3 1 from influence 474:482 arg1 biocatalysis 507:518 the biocatalysis 503:518 the biocatalysis of dextransucrase 503:536 Statistical models were constructed to screen the influence of nine factors on the biocatalysis of dextransucrase. 29680501 5 2 theme Central 729:735 arg1 design 747:752 Central composite design 729:752 Central composite design 729:752 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 7 3 theme overall 979:985 arg1 yield 994:998 The overall enzyme yield 975:998 The overall enzyme yield 975:998 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 5 4 theme composite 737:745 arg1 design 747:752 Central composite design 729:752 Central composite design 729:752 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 6 5 theme fermentation 903:914 arg1 time 916:919 fermentation time 903:919 fermentation time of 8 h 903:926 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 3 6 theme Statistical 424:434 arg1 models 436:441 Statistical models 424:441 Statistical models 424:441 Statistical models were constructed to screen the influence of nine factors on the biocatalysis of dextransucrase. 29680501 7 7 theme 4.62-fold 1052:1060 arg1 upsurge 1062:1068 4.62-fold upsurge 1052:1068 4.62-fold upsurge 1052:1068 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 9 8 dep emulsifying 1334:1344 arg1 thickening 1372:1381 thickening 1372:1381 thickening 1372:1381 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 9 8 dep emulsifying 1334:1344 arg1 stabilizing 1356:1366 stabilizing 1356:1366 stabilizing 1356:1366 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 9 8 dep emulsifying 1334:1344 arg1 gelling 1347:1353 gelling 1347:1353 gelling 1347:1353 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 6 9 theme 7.5 893:895 arg1 pH 887:888 pH 887:888 pH of 7.5 887:895 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 6 9 theme 7.5 893:895 arg1 conditions 871:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 2 10 theme nutritional 319:329 arg1 parameters 331:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 0 11 theme sucrose 118:124 arg1 biocatalysis 102:113 biocatalysis 102:113 biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran 102:137 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 29680501 1 12 theme experimental 194:205 arg1 method 207:212 the statistically designed experimental method 167:212 the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa 167:290 The current study reported the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa. 29680501 5 13 theme enzyme 835:840 arg1 yield 842:846 maximum enzyme yield 827:846 maximum enzyme yield 827:846 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 8 14 theme biocatalytic 1159:1170 arg1 conversion 1172:1181 the biocatalytic conversion 1155:1181 the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran 1155:1219 Furthermore, SEM analysis showed the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran when utilizing dextransucrase. 29680501 2 15 theme environmental 301:313 arg1 parameters 331:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 1 16 theme designed 185:192 arg1 method 207:212 the statistically designed experimental method 167:212 the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa 167:290 The current study reported the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa. 29680501 4 17 theme fermentation 551:562 arg1 constituents 673:684 substantial constituents 661:684 substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design 661:726 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 4 17 theme fermentation 551:562 arg1 time 564:567 fermentation time 551:567 fermentation time 551:567 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 8 18 theme sucrose 1186:1192 arg1 conversion 1172:1181 the biocatalytic conversion 1155:1181 the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran 1155:1219 Furthermore, SEM analysis showed the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran when utilizing dextransucrase. 29680501 9 19 theme emulsifying 1334:1344 arg1 biopolymer 1256:1265 The biopolymer 1252:1265 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model 1252:1308 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 9 19 theme emulsifying 1334:1344 arg1 agent 1383:1387 an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent 1331:1387 an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry 1331:1404 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 2 20 theme multiple 363:370 arg1 responses 372:380 multiple responses 363:380 multiple responses 363:380 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 3 21 theme factors 492:498 arg1 influence 474:482 the influence 470:482 the influence of nine factors on the biocatalysis of dextransucrase 470:536 Statistical models were constructed to screen the influence of nine factors on the biocatalysis of dextransucrase. 29680501 0 22 theme Enhanced 0:7 arg1 biosynthesis 9:20 Enhanced biosynthesis 0:20 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 0:138 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 29680501 9 23 used utilized 1319:1326 arg2 agent 1383:1387 an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent 1331:1387 an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry 1331:1404 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 9 23 used utilized 1319:1326 arg2 biopolymer 1256:1265 The biopolymer 1252:1265 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model 1252:1308 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 8 24 theme SEM 1135:1137 arg1 analysis 1139:1146 SEM analysis 1135:1146 SEM analysis 1135:1146 Furthermore, SEM analysis showed the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran when utilizing dextransucrase. 29680501 0 25 theme dextransucrase 25:38 arg1 biosynthesis 9:20 Enhanced biosynthesis 0:20 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 0:138 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 29680501 6 26 theme optimum 863:869 arg1 pH 887:888 pH 887:888 pH of 7.5 887:895 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 6 26 theme optimum 863:869 arg1 conditions 871:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 4 27 theme Plackett-Burman 705:719 arg1 design 721:726 Plackett-Burman design 705:726 Plackett-Burman design 705:726 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 9 28 theme current 1286:1292 arg1 model 1304:1308 the current optimized model 1282:1308 the current optimized model 1282:1308 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 7 29 with 52.75 DSU ml-1 1032:1045 arg1 upsurge 1062:1068 4.62-fold upsurge 1052:1068 4.62-fold upsurge 1052:1068 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 6 30 theme 1.0 g l-1 956:964 arg1 peptone 966:972 1.0 g l-1 peptone 956:972 1.0 g l-1 peptone 956:972 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 5 31 theme selected 804:811 arg1 variables 813:821 selected variables 804:821 selected variables for maximum enzyme yield 804:846 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 6 32 theme predicted 853:861 arg1 pH 887:888 pH 887:888 pH of 7.5 887:895 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 6 32 theme predicted 853:861 arg1 conditions 871:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions 849:880 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 1 33 theme biocatalytic 229:240 arg1 efficacy 242:249 the biocatalytic efficacy 225:249 the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase 225:267 The current study reported the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa. 29680501 6 34 with pH 887:888 arg1 sucrose 944:950 30.0 g l-1 sucrose 933:950 30.0 g l-1 sucrose 933:950 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 6 34 with pH 887:888 arg1 peptone 966:972 1.0 g l-1 peptone 956:972 1.0 g l-1 peptone 956:972 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 5 35 theme variables 813:821 arg1 levels 794:799 the levels 790:799 the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield 790:846 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 6 36 theme 30.0 g l-1 933:942 arg1 sucrose 944:950 30.0 g l-1 sucrose 933:950 30.0 g l-1 sucrose 933:950 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 2 37 theme fermentation 398:409 arg1 environment 411:421 submerged fermentation environment 388:421 submerged fermentation environment 388:421 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 0 38 theme multivariate 43:54 arg1 approach 56:63 A multivariate approach 41:63 A multivariate approach 41:63 Enhanced biosynthesis of dextransucrase: A multivariate approach to produce a glucosyltransferase for biocatalysis of sucrose into dextran. 29680501 4 39 theme significant 604:614 arg1 P < 0.05 629:636 P < 0.05 629:636 P < 0.05 629:636 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 4 39 theme significant 604:614 arg1 probability 616:626 significant probability 604:626 significant probability (P < 0.05) 604:637 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 7 40 theme models 1114:1119 arg1 implementation 1080:1093 the implementation 1076:1093 the implementation of the statistical models 1076:1119 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 2 41 theme submerged 388:396 arg1 environment 411:421 submerged fermentation environment 388:421 submerged fermentation environment 388:421 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 6 42 theme 8 h 924:926 arg1 time 916:919 fermentation time 903:919 fermentation time of 8 h 903:926 The predicted optimum conditions were pH of 7.5 under fermentation time of 8 h with 30.0 g l-1 sucrose and 1.0 g l-1 peptone. 29680501 2 43 theme Various 293:299 arg1 parameters 331:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters 293:340 Various environmental and nutritional parameters were optimized using multiple responses under submerged fermentation environment. 29680501 5 44 theme maximum 827:833 arg1 yield 842:846 maximum enzyme yield 827:846 maximum enzyme yield 827:846 Central composite design was further implemented to optimize the levels of selected variables for maximum enzyme yield. 29680501 9 45 theme food 1392:1395 arg1 industry 1397:1404 food industry 1392:1404 food industry 1392:1404 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 7 46 theme enzyme 987:992 arg1 yield 994:998 The overall enzyme yield 975:998 The overall enzyme yield 975:998 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 4 47 theme substantial 661:671 arg1 constituents 673:684 substantial constituents 661:684 substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design 661:726 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 4 47 theme substantial 661:671 arg1 time 564:567 fermentation time 551:567 fermentation time 551:567 Among them, fermentation time, pH, sucrose and peptone exhibited significant probability (P < 0.05) and are considered as substantial constituents in accordance with Plackett-Burman design. 29680501 3 48 theme dextransucrase 523:536 arg1 biocatalysis 507:518 the biocatalysis 503:518 the biocatalysis of dextransucrase 503:536 Statistical models were constructed to screen the influence of nine factors on the biocatalysis of dextransucrase. 29680501 7 49 theme statistical 1102:1112 arg1 models 1114:1119 the statistical models 1098:1119 the statistical models 1098:1119 The overall enzyme yield increased from 11.4 DSU ml-1 to 52.75 DSU ml-1 with 4.62-fold upsurge after the implementation of the statistical models. 29680501 1 50 theme current 144:150 arg1 study 152:156 The current study 140:156 The current study 140:156 The current study reported the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa. 29680501 1 51 theme dextransucrase 254:267 arg1 efficacy 242:249 the biocatalytic efficacy 225:249 the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase 225:267 The current study reported the statistically designed experimental method to enhance the biocatalytic efficacy of dextransucrase from Weissella confusa. 29680501 9 52 theme optimized 1294:1302 arg1 model 1304:1308 the current optimized model 1282:1308 the current optimized model 1282:1308 The biopolymer produced under the current optimized model could be utilized as an emulsifying, gelling, stabilizing and thickening agent in food industry. 29680501 8 53 theme porous 1206:1211 arg1 dextran 1213:1219 highly porous dextran 1199:1219 highly porous dextran 1199:1219 Furthermore, SEM analysis showed the biocatalytic conversion of sucrose into highly porous dextran when utilizing dextransucrase. 29727861 7 0 theme epitope 1461:1467 arg1 presence 1440:1447 3/the more abundant presence 1420:1447 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells 1420:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 0 theme epitope 1461:1467 arg1 presence 1310:1317 1/the presence 1304:1317 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one 1304:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 0 theme epitope 1461:1467 arg1 appearance 1363:1372 2/the appearance 1357:1372 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells 1357:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 1 theme Totipotent 1237:1246 arg1 cells 1248:1252 Totipotent cells 1237:1252 Totipotent cells 1237:1252 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 8 2 theme embryogenic 1585:1595 arg1 domain 1597:1602 embryogenic domain 1585:1602 embryogenic domain 1585:1602 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 6 3 theme analyzed 1185:1192 arg1 epitopes 1194:1201 analyzed epitopes 1185:1201 analyzed epitopes 1185:1201 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 7 4 theme totipotent 1398:1407 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 3 5 theme explant 695:701 arg1 cells 703:707 explant cells 695:707 explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE 695:751 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 0 6 theme Arabidopsis 218:228 arg1 thaliana 230:237 Arabidopsis thaliana 218:237 Arabidopsis thaliana 218:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 5 7 theme pectic 866:871 arg1 deposition 843:852 The deposition 839:852 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos 839:907 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos was determined. 29727861 2 8 theme differentiation 606:620 arg1 direction 593:601 the direction 589:601 the direction of differentiation 589:620 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 7 9 theme epitope 1387:1393 arg1 presence 1440:1447 3/the more abundant presence 1420:1447 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells 1420:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 9 theme epitope 1387:1393 arg1 presence 1310:1317 1/the presence 1304:1317 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one 1304:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 9 theme epitope 1387:1393 arg1 appearance 1363:1372 2/the appearance 1357:1372 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells 1357:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 1 10 from changes 297:303 arg1 direction 312:320 the direction 308:320 the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes 308:384 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 5 11 theme AGP 877:879 arg1 deposition 843:852 The deposition 839:852 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos 839:907 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos was determined. 29727861 2 12 theme explant 549:555 arg1 cells 557:561 the explant cells 545:561 the explant cells 545:561 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 3 13 theme different 722:730 arg1 phenotypes 732:741 different phenotypes 722:741 different phenotypes 722:741 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 10 14 theme developmental 1747:1759 arg1 state 1761:1765 the developmental state 1743:1765 the developmental state of the explant cells 1743:1786 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 5 15 from deposition 843:852 arg1 embryos 901:907 somatic embryos 893:907 somatic embryos 893:907 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos was determined. 29727861 2 16 from changes 578:584 arg1 direction 593:601 the direction 589:601 the direction of differentiation 589:620 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 6 17 theme callus 1223:1228 arg1 cells 1230:1234 the callus cells 1219:1234 the callus cells 1219:1234 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 7 18 theme latest 1345:1350 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 0 19 theme cell 176:179 arg1 fate 181:184 the cell fate 172:184 the cell fate 172:184 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 10 20 theme explant 1774:1780 arg1 cells 1782:1786 the explant cells 1770:1786 the explant cells 1770:1786 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 9 21 theme callus 1685:1690 arg1 cells 1692:1696 the callus cells 1681:1696 the callus cells 1681:1696 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 0 22 theme epitopes 76:83 arg1 localization 16:27 Spatio-temporal localization 0:27 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 0:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 0 22 theme epitopes 76:83 arg1 characteristics 109:123 the ultrastructural characteristics 89:123 the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana 89:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 6 23 theme meristematic/pluripotent 999:1022 arg1 cells 1024:1028 a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells 970:1028 a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells 970:1028 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 4 24 theme Explants 754:761 arg1 examinations 763:774 Explants examinations 754:774 Explants examinations 754:774 Explants examinations have been supplemented with an analysis of the ultrastructure. 29727861 1 25 theme diverse 362:368 arg1 phenotypes 375:384 diverse cell phenotypes 362:384 diverse cell phenotypes 362:384 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 6 26 theme a/embryogenic/totipotent 970:993 arg1 cells 1024:1028 a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells 970:1028 a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells 970:1028 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 0 27 theme explant 128:134 arg1 cells 136:140 explant cells 128:140 explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana 128:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 6 28 theme epitopes 1086:1093 arg1 presence 1070:1077 the presence 1066:1077 the presence of AGP epitopes 1066:1093 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 8 29 theme LM5 1498:1500 arg1 epitope 1502:1508 The LM5 epitope 1494:1508 The LM5 epitope 1494:1508 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 9 30 theme AGP 1631:1633 arg1 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 9 30 theme AGP 1631:1633 arg1 epitopes 1635:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 0 31 theme Spatio-temporal 0:14 arg1 localization 16:27 Spatio-temporal localization 0:27 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 0:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 0 32 from embryogenesis 201:213 arg1 thaliana 230:237 Arabidopsis thaliana 218:237 Arabidopsis thaliana 218:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 7 33 from appearance 1363:1372 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 33 from appearance 1363:1372 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 33 from appearance 1363:1372 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 10 34 theme chemical 1796:1803 arg1 composition 1805:1815 the chemical composition 1792:1815 the chemical composition of the cell walls 1792:1833 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 0 35 theme pectic 41:46 arg1 epitopes 76:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 6 36 attach presence 1102:1109 arg2 epitopes 1118:1125 AGP epitopes 1114:1125 AGP epitopes 1114:1125 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 6 36 attach presence 1102:1109 arg1 cells 1145:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 4 37 theme ultrastructure 823:836 arg1 analysis 807:814 an analysis 804:814 an analysis of the ultrastructure 804:836 Explants examinations have been supplemented with an analysis of the ultrastructure. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg2 epitope 1461:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg2 epitope 1330:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg2 epitope 1387:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 38 attach presence 1440:1447 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 0 39 theme arabinogalactan 52:66 arg1 epitopes 76:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 7 40 theme totipotent 1476:1485 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 6 41 theme differentiated 1130:1143 arg1 cells 1145:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 3 42 theme pectic 668:673 arg1 epitopes 683:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 1 43 theme somatic 247:253 arg1 SE 270:271 SE 270:271 SE 270:271 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 1 43 theme somatic 247:253 arg1 embryogenesis 255:267 somatic embryogenesis 247:267 somatic embryogenesis (SE) 247:272 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 6 44 theme epitopes 1118:1125 arg1 presence 1102:1109 b/the presence 1096:1109 b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells 1096:1149 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 3 45 from occurrence 645:654 arg1 cells 703:707 explant cells 695:707 explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE 695:751 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 7 46 theme JIM7 1456:1459 arg1 epitope 1461:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 0 47 theme somatic 193:199 arg1 embryogenesis 201:213 somatic embryogenesis 193:213 somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana 193:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 9 48 theme JIM8 1609:1612 arg1 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 9 48 theme JIM8 1609:1612 arg1 epitopes 1635:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 8 49 located localized 1556:1564 arg2 cells 1540:1544 the cells 1536:1544 the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain 1536:1602 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 8 49 located localized 1556:1564 arg1 mass 1577:1580 the mass 1573:1580 the mass of embryogenic domain 1573:1602 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 6 50 theme b/the 1096:1100 arg1 presence 1102:1109 b/the presence 1096:1109 b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells 1096:1149 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 3 51 theme AGP 679:681 arg1 epitopes 683:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 1 52 theme explant 275:281 arg1 cells 283:287 explant cells 275:287 explant cells 275:287 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 7 53 theme abundant 1431:1438 arg1 presence 1440:1447 3/the more abundant presence 1420:1447 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells 1420:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 9 54 theme JIM13 1615:1619 arg1 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 9 54 theme JIM13 1615:1619 arg1 epitopes 1635:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 8 55 theme domain 1597:1602 arg1 mass 1577:1580 the mass 1573:1580 the mass of embryogenic domain 1573:1602 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 7 56 theme 3/the 1420:1424 arg1 presence 1440:1447 3/the more abundant presence 1420:1447 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells 1420:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 9 57 theme JIM16 1625:1629 arg1 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 specific 1668:1675 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 9 57 theme JIM16 1625:1629 arg1 epitopes 1635:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes 1605:1642 The JIM8, JIM13 and JIM16 AGP epitopes appeared to be the most specific for the callus cells. 29727861 6 58 theme c/an 1168:1171 arg1 increase 1173:1180 c/an increase 1168:1180 c/an increase of analyzed epitopes 1168:1201 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 10 59 theme cell 1824:1827 arg1 walls 1829:1833 the cell walls 1820:1833 the cell walls 1820:1833 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 6 60 from decrease 1054:1061 arg1 presence 1070:1077 the presence 1066:1077 the presence of AGP epitopes 1066:1093 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 10 61 theme walls 1829:1833 arg1 state 1761:1765 the developmental state 1743:1765 the developmental state of the explant cells 1743:1786 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 10 61 theme walls 1829:1833 arg1 composition 1805:1815 the chemical composition 1792:1815 the chemical composition of the cell walls 1792:1833 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 7 62 from presence 1440:1447 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 62 from presence 1440:1447 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 62 from presence 1440:1447 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 6 63 theme initial 955:961 arg1 stage 963:967 the initial stage 951:967 the initial stage 951:967 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 7 64 theme JIM16 1381:1385 arg1 epitope 1387:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 2 65 theme wall 537:540 arg1 characteristics 514:528 the chemical characteristics 501:528 the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation 501:620 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 7 66 theme 2/the 1357:1361 arg1 appearance 1363:1372 2/the appearance 1357:1372 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells 1357:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 10 67 theme cells 1782:1786 arg1 state 1761:1765 the developmental state 1743:1765 the developmental state of the explant cells 1743:1786 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 10 67 theme cells 1782:1786 arg1 composition 1805:1815 the chemical composition 1792:1815 the chemical composition of the cell walls 1792:1833 The results indicate a relationship between the developmental state of the explant cells and the chemical composition of the cell walls. 29727861 2 68 theme cells 557:561 arg1 wall 537:540 the wall 533:540 the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation 533:620 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 6 69 theme epitopes 1194:1201 arg1 increase 1173:1180 c/an increase 1168:1180 c/an increase of analyzed epitopes 1168:1201 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 0 70 theme ultrastructural 93:107 arg1 characteristics 109:123 the ultrastructural characteristics 89:123 the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana 89:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 5 71 theme somatic 893:899 arg1 embryos 901:907 somatic embryos 893:907 somatic embryos 893:907 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos was determined. 29727861 0 72 theme cells 136:140 arg1 localization 16:27 Spatio-temporal localization 0:27 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 0:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 0 72 theme cells 136:140 arg1 characteristics 109:123 the ultrastructural characteristics 89:123 the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana 89:237 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 1 73 theme cell 370:373 arg1 phenotypes 375:384 diverse cell phenotypes 362:384 diverse cell phenotypes 362:384 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 7 74 theme LM2 1326:1328 arg1 epitope 1330:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 2 75 theme chemical 505:512 arg1 characteristics 514:528 the chemical characteristics 501:528 the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation 501:620 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 2 76 theme genetic 400:406 arg1 bases 408:412 the genetic bases 396:412 the genetic bases of the SE 396:422 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 6 77 theme AGP 1082:1084 arg1 epitopes 1086:1093 AGP epitopes 1082:1093 AGP epitopes 1082:1093 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 6 78 located detected 1207:1214 arg2 increase 1173:1180 c/an increase 1168:1180 c/an increase of analyzed epitopes 1168:1201 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 6 78 located detected 1207:1214 arg1 cells 1230:1234 the callus cells 1219:1234 the callus cells 1219:1234 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 0 79 theme selected 32:39 arg1 epitopes 76:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 7 80 theme 1/the 1304:1308 arg1 presence 1310:1317 1/the presence 1304:1317 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one 1304:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg2 epitope 1461:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 the JIM7 epitope 1452:1467 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg2 epitope 1330:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 the LM2 epitope 1322:1336 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg2 epitope 1387:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 the JIM16 epitope 1377:1393 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 81 attach presence 1310:1317 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 2 82 theme SE 421:422 arg1 bases 408:412 the genetic bases 396:412 the genetic bases of the SE 396:422 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 8 83 theme cells 1540:1544 arg1 wall 1528:1531 the wall 1524:1531 the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain 1524:1602 The LM5 epitope characterized the wall of the cells that were localized within the mass of embryogenic domain. 29727861 6 84 from stage 963:967 arg1 explant 940:946 an explant 937:946 an explant at the initial stage 937:967 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 0 85 theme protein 68:74 arg1 epitopes 76:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes 32:83 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 7 86 theme pluripotent 1282:1292 arg1 cells 1294:1298 pluripotent cells 1282:1298 pluripotent cells 1282:1298 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 2 87 theme Arabidopsis 457:467 arg1 thaliana 469:476 Arabidopsis thaliana 457:476 Arabidopsis thaliana 457:476 Although the genetic bases of the SE have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about the chemical characteristics of the wall of the explant cells, which undergo changes in the direction of differentiation. 29727861 3 88 theme selected 659:666 arg1 epitopes 683:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 selected pectic and AGP epitopes 659:690 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 29727861 5 89 dep pectic 866:871 arg1 epitopes 881:888 epitopes 881:888 epitopes 881:888 The deposition of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in somatic embryos was determined. 29727861 1 90 theme differentiation 331:345 arg1 direction 312:320 the direction 308:320 the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes 308:384 During somatic embryogenesis (SE), explant cells undergo changes in the direction of their differentiation, which lead to diverse cell phenotypes. 29727861 7 91 from presence 1310:1317 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 the totipotent cells 1472:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 91 from presence 1310:1317 arg1 cells 1409:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 totipotent cells 1398:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 91 from presence 1310:1317 arg1 one 1352:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 the latest one 1341:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 0 92 from changes 161:167 arg1 fate 181:184 the cell fate 172:184 the cell fate 172:184 Spatio-temporal localization of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes and the ultrastructural characteristics of explant cells that accompany the changes in the cell fate during somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. 29727861 6 93 from presence 1102:1109 arg1 cells 1145:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 differentiated cells 1130:1149 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 6 94 theme AGP 1114:1116 arg1 epitopes 1118:1125 AGP epitopes 1114:1125 AGP epitopes 1114:1125 Compared to an explant at the initial stage, a/embryogenic/totipotent and meristematic/pluripotent cells were characterized by a decrease in the presence of AGP epitopes, b/the presence of AGP epitopes in differentiated cells was similar, and c/an increase of analyzed epitopes was detected in the callus cells. 29727861 7 95 theme epitope 1330:1336 arg1 presence 1440:1447 3/the more abundant presence 1420:1447 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells 1420:1491 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 95 theme epitope 1330:1336 arg1 presence 1310:1317 1/the presence 1304:1317 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one 1304:1354 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 7 95 theme epitope 1330:1336 arg1 appearance 1363:1372 2/the appearance 1357:1372 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells 1357:1413 Totipotent cells could be distinguished from pluripotent cells by: 1/the presence of the LM2 epitope in the latest one, 2/the appearance of the JIM16 epitope in totipotent cells, and 3/the more abundant presence of the JIM7 epitope in the totipotent cells. 29727861 3 96 theme epitopes 683:690 arg1 occurrence 645:654 the occurrence 641:654 the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE 641:751 Thus, we examined the occurrence of selected pectic and AGP epitopes in explant cells that display different phenotypes during SE. 30921551 10 0 theme nutritional 1455:1465 arg1 requirement 1467:1477 the different nutritional requirement 1441:1477 the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant 1441:1500 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 11 1 theme tailored 1580:1587 arg1 nutrition 1605:1613 tailored, individualized nutrition 1580:1613 tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants 1580:1632 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 8 2 theme lactose 1043:1049 arg1 levels 1071:1076 lactose and oligosaccharide levels 1043:1076 lactose and oligosaccharide levels 1043:1076 Metabolite profiling identified that lactose and oligosaccharide levels were significantly more represented in preterm than in milk term samples. 30921551 1 3 dep evidence 54:61 arg1 study 47:51 metabolomic study 35:51 metabolomic study 35:51 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 6 4 theme third 819:823 arg1 week 825:828 the third week 815:828 the third week after birth 815:840 Six mothers delivering prematurely (29-31 wk of gestational age) and collected three samples each, once a week after delivery until the third week after birth. 30921551 9 5 theme term 1320:1323 arg1 pattern 1330:1336 the term milk pattern 1316:1336 the term milk pattern 1316:1336 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 2 6 from mothers 149:155 arg1 OBJECTIVES 109:118 OBJECTIVES 109:118 OBJECTIVES 109:118 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 11 7 theme nutritional 1555:1565 arg1 protocols 1567:1575 standardized nutritional protocols 1542:1575 standardized nutritional protocols 1542:1575 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 7 8 theme distinct 895:902 arg1 one 923:925 one 923:925 one 923:925 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 7 8 theme distinct 895:902 arg1 groups 915:920 two distinct metabolite groups 891:920 two distinct metabolite groups 891:920 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 7 8 theme distinct 895:902 arg1 other 978:982 other 978:982 other 978:982 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 9 9 theme milk 1325:1328 arg1 pattern 1330:1336 the term milk pattern 1316:1336 the term milk pattern 1316:1336 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 3 10 theme milk 310:313 arg1 profile 327:333 milk metabolomic profile 310:333 milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely 310:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 10 11 theme specific 1343:1350 arg1 changes 1352:1358 The specific changes 1339:1358 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring 1339:1425 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 7 12 theme metabolite 904:913 arg1 one 923:925 one 923:925 one 923:925 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 7 12 theme metabolite 904:913 arg1 groups 915:920 two distinct metabolite groups 891:920 two distinct metabolite groups 891:920 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 7 12 theme metabolite 904:913 arg1 other 978:982 other 978:982 other 978:982 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 2 13 dep delivering 157:166 arg1 changes 227:233 changes 227:233 changes over time 227:243 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 2 13 dep delivering 157:166 arg1 differs 180:186 differs 180:186 differs from that of full-term mature milk 180:221 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 3 14 theme metabolomic 315:325 arg1 profile 327:333 milk metabolomic profile 310:333 milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely 310:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 4 15 theme Nuclear 444:450 arg1 resonance 461:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance 436:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 7 16 theme preterm 949:955 arg1 samples 962:968 the 18 preterm milk samples 942:968 the 18 preterm milk samples 942:968 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 1 17 theme metabolomic 35:45 arg1 study 47:51 metabolomic study 35:51 metabolomic study 35:51 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 10 18 theme preterm 1487:1493 arg1 infant 1495:1500 each preterm infant 1482:1500 each preterm infant 1482:1500 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 4 19 theme METHODS 436:442 arg1 resonance 461:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance 436:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 10 20 theme metabolomic 1377:1387 arg1 profiles 1389:1396 milk metabolomic profiles 1372:1396 mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring 1363:1425 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 6 21 theme age 743:745 arg1 wk 725:726 29-31 wk 719:726 29-31 wk of gestational age 719:745 Six mothers delivering prematurely (29-31 wk of gestational age) and collected three samples each, once a week after delivery until the third week after birth. 30921551 11 22 theme standardized 1542:1553 arg1 protocols 1567:1575 standardized nutritional protocols 1542:1575 standardized nutritional protocols 1542:1575 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 3 23 from mothers 340:346 arg1 profile 327:333 milk metabolomic profile 310:333 milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely 310:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 3 23 from mothers 340:346 arg1 changes 299:305 changes 299:305 changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely 299:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 5 24 theme term 604:607 arg1 samples 614:620 12 term milk samples 601:620 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) 601:642 Twelve mothers collected 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) once between 4 and 7 d after delivery. 30921551 6 25 theme gestational 731:741 arg1 age 743:745 gestational age 731:745 gestational age 731:745 Six mothers delivering prematurely (29-31 wk of gestational age) and collected three samples each, once a week after delivery until the third week after birth. 30921551 10 26 dep mothers 1363:1369 arg1 profiles 1389:1396 milk metabolomic profiles 1372:1396 mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring 1363:1425 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 4 27 used used 488:491 arg2 spectroscopy 471:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 4 28 theme magnetic 452:459 arg1 resonance 461:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance 436:469 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 5 29 theme milk 609:612 arg1 samples 614:620 12 term milk samples 601:620 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) 601:642 Twelve mothers collected 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) once between 4 and 7 d after delivery. 30921551 6 30 dep samples 768:774 arg1 each 776:779 each 776:779 each 776:779 Six mothers delivering prematurely (29-31 wk of gestational age) and collected three samples each, once a week after delivery until the third week after birth. 30921551 0 31 theme Breast 0:5 arg1 milk 7:10 Breast milk 0:10 Breast milk: To each his own. 0:28 Breast milk: To each his own. 30921551 4 32 theme human 530:534 arg1 samples 541:547 human milk samples 530:547 human milk samples collected from 18 mothers 530:573 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 8 33 theme term 1138:1141 arg1 samples 1143:1149 milk term samples 1133:1149 milk term samples 1133:1149 Metabolite profiling identified that lactose and oligosaccharide levels were significantly more represented in preterm than in milk term samples. 30921551 5 34 theme 4 657:657 arg1 d 665:665 4 and 7 d 657:665 d 665:665 Twelve mothers collected 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) once between 4 and 7 d after delivery. 30921551 7 35 theme Principal 851:859 arg1 analysis 871:878 Principal component analysis 851:878 Principal component analysis 851:878 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 1 36 theme personalized 66:77 arg1 nutrition 79:87 personalized nutrition 66:87 personalized nutrition 66:87 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 8 37 theme milk 1133:1136 arg1 samples 1143:1149 milk term samples 1133:1149 milk term samples 1133:1149 Metabolite profiling identified that lactose and oligosaccharide levels were significantly more represented in preterm than in milk term samples. 30921551 4 38 theme samples 541:547 arg1 pattern 519:525 the metabolome pattern 504:525 the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers 504:573 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 7 39 theme milk 992:995 arg1 samples 997:1003 term milk samples 987:1003 term milk samples 987:1003 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 3 40 from changes 299:305 arg1 mothers 340:346 mothers 340:346 mothers delivering prematurely 340:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 3 40 from changes 299:305 arg1 profile 327:333 milk metabolomic profile 310:333 milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely 310:369 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 1 41 theme nutrition 79:87 arg1 evidence 54:61 evidence 54:61 evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants 54:106 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 4 42 theme milk 536:539 arg1 samples 541:547 human milk samples 530:547 human milk samples collected from 18 mothers 530:573 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 5 43 theme 7 663:663 arg1 d 665:665 4 and 7 d 657:665 d 665:665 Twelve mothers collected 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) once between 4 and 7 d after delivery. 30921551 9 44 theme milk 1176:1179 arg1 pattern 1192:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 11 45 theme preterm 1618:1624 arg1 infants 1626:1632 preterm infants 1618:1632 preterm infants 1618:1632 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 5 46 dep samples 614:620 arg1 one 623:625 one 623:625 one 623:625 Twelve mothers collected 12 term milk samples (one for each mother) once between 4 and 7 d after delivery. 30921551 9 47 theme third 1278:1282 arg1 week 1284:1287 the third week 1274:1287 the third week 1274:1287 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 8 48 theme Metabolite 1006:1015 arg1 profiling 1017:1025 Metabolite profiling 1006:1025 Metabolite profiling 1006:1025 Metabolite profiling identified that lactose and oligosaccharide levels were significantly more represented in preterm than in milk term samples. 30921551 9 49 theme metabolome 1181:1190 arg1 pattern 1192:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 0 50 dep own 25:27 arg1 his 21:23 his 21:23 his 21:23 Breast milk: To each his own. 30921551 0 50 dep own 25:27 arg1 each 16:19 each 16:19 each 16:19 Breast milk: To each his own. 30921551 9 51 theme week 1284:1287 arg1 end 1267:1269 the end 1263:1269 the end of the third week 1263:1287 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 2 52 theme milk 139:142 arg1 composition 124:134 The composition 120:134 The composition of milk 120:142 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 2 53 theme full-term 201:209 arg1 milk 218:221 full-term mature milk 201:221 full-term mature milk 201:221 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 4 54 theme resonance 461:469 arg1 spectroscopy 471:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 436:482 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 6 55 dep mothers 687:693 arg1 wk 725:726 29-31 wk 719:726 29-31 wk of gestational age 719:745 Six mothers delivering prematurely (29-31 wk of gestational age) and collected three samples each, once a week after delivery until the third week after birth. 30921551 7 56 theme term 987:990 arg1 samples 997:1003 term milk samples 987:1003 term milk samples 987:1003 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 10 57 theme milk 1372:1375 arg1 profiles 1389:1396 milk metabolomic profiles 1372:1396 mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring 1363:1425 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 1 58 theme preterm 92:98 arg1 infants 100:106 preterm infants 92:106 preterm infants 92:106 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 4 59 theme metabolome 508:517 arg1 pattern 519:525 the metabolome pattern 504:525 the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers 504:573 METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyze the metabolome pattern of human milk samples collected from 18 mothers. 30921551 7 60 theme milk 957:960 arg1 samples 962:968 the 18 preterm milk samples 942:968 the 18 preterm milk samples 942:968 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 7 61 theme component 861:869 arg1 analysis 871:878 Principal component analysis 851:878 Principal component analysis 851:878 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 11 62 dep tailored 1580:1587 arg1 individualized 1590:1603 individualized 1590:1603 individualized 1590:1603 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 2 63 theme mature 211:216 arg1 milk 218:221 full-term mature milk 201:221 full-term mature milk 201:221 OBJECTIVES The composition of milk from mothers delivering prematurely differs from that of full-term mature milk and changes over time. 30921551 3 64 theme study 262:266 arg1 aim 250:252 The aim 246:252 The aim of this study 246:266 The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that changes in milk metabolomic profile from mothers delivering prematurely persist over time when compared with mothers delivering at term. 30921551 1 65 from evidence 54:61 arg1 infants 100:106 preterm infants 92:106 preterm infants 92:106 From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 9 66 theme preterm 1168:1174 arg1 pattern 1192:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 The preterm milk metabolome pattern 1164:1198 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 9 67 dep CONCLUSIONS 1152:1162 arg1 resemble 1307:1314 resemble 1307:1314 does not resemble the term milk pattern 1298:1336 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 9 67 dep CONCLUSIONS 1152:1162 arg1 undergoes 1200:1208 undergoes 1200:1208 undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth 1200:1253 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 10 68 theme different 1445:1453 arg1 requirement 1467:1477 the different nutritional requirement 1441:1477 the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant 1441:1500 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 30921551 8 69 theme oligosaccharide 1055:1069 arg1 levels 1071:1076 lactose and oligosaccharide levels 1043:1076 lactose and oligosaccharide levels 1043:1076 Metabolite profiling identified that lactose and oligosaccharide levels were significantly more represented in preterm than in milk term samples. 30921551 9 70 theme first 1232:1236 arg1 wk 1240:1241 the first 3 wk 1228:1241 the first 3 wk after birth 1228:1253 CONCLUSIONS The preterm milk metabolome pattern undergoes maturation during the first 3 wk after birth, but at the end of the third week it still does not resemble the term milk pattern. 30921551 11 71 from nutrition 1605:1613 arg1 infants 1626:1632 preterm infants 1618:1632 preterm infants 1618:1632 This knowledge is crucial to move from standardized nutritional protocols to tailored, individualized nutrition in preterm infants. 30921551 7 72 dep RESULTS 843:849 arg1 identified 880:889 identified 880:889 identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples 880:1003 RESULTS Principal component analysis identified two distinct metabolite groups, one represented by the 18 preterm milk samples and the other by term milk samples. 30921551 10 73 theme infant 1495:1500 arg1 requirement 1467:1477 the different nutritional requirement 1441:1477 the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant 1441:1500 The specific changes in mothers' milk metabolomic profiles according to their offspring might reflect the different nutritional requirement of each preterm infant. 31226756 6 0 dep In 1042:1043 arg1 vitro 1045:1049 vitro 1045:1049 vitro 1045:1049 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 1 theme subsequent 1604:1613 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 1 2 theme bone 167:170 arg1 BMP-2 197:201 BMP-2 197:201 BMP-2 197:201 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 2 theme bone 167:170 arg1 protein-2 186:194 bone morphogenetic protein-2 167:194 bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) 167:202 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 3 theme bone 263:266 arg1 healing 268:274 bone healing 263:274 bone healing 263:274 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 2 4 theme temporal 379:386 arg1 separation 388:397 temporal separation 379:397 temporal separation 379:397 To achieve this goal, a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation was developed. 31226756 8 5 theme PDGF-BB 1588:1594 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 5 theme PDGF-BB 1588:1594 arg1 effect 1578:1583 the early chemotactic effect 1556:1583 the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB 1556:1594 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 5 6 dep gels 900:903 arg1 pH. 861:863 pH. The optimally formulated composite gels 861:903 pH. The optimally formulated composite gels 861:903 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 5 7 theme BMP-2 962:966 arg1 release 939:945 the release 935:945 the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 935:966 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 1 8 theme morphogenetic 172:184 arg1 BMP-2 197:201 BMP-2 197:201 BMP-2 197:201 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 8 theme morphogenetic 172:184 arg1 protein-2 186:194 bone morphogenetic protein-2 167:194 bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) 167:202 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 6 9 theme release 1051:1057 arg1 patterns 1059:1066 In vitro release patterns 1042:1066 In vitro release patterns 1042:1066 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 3 10 theme microsphere 456:466 arg1 type 480:483 another type 472:483 another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure 472:545 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 3 10 theme microsphere 456:466 arg1 type 418:421 One type 414:421 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 414:466 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 7 11 theme Balb/c 1398:1403 arg1 3T3 1405:1407 Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells 1398:1423 3T3 1405:1407 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 8 12 theme early 1560:1564 arg1 effect 1578:1583 the early chemotactic effect 1556:1583 the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB 1556:1594 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 7 13 theme respective 1376:1385 arg1 effects 1387:1393 their respective effects 1370:1393 their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells 1370:1423 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 4 14 theme microspheres 623:634 arg1 types 614:618 These two types 604:618 These two types of microspheres 604:634 These two types of microspheres were then embedded into chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogel for constructing composite gels. 31226756 6 15 theme separation 1245:1254 arg1 release 1256:1262 the temporal separation release 1232:1262 the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2 1232:1297 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 2 16 theme PGDF-BB 351:357 arg1 release 340:346 the release 336:346 the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation 336:397 To achieve this goal, a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation was developed. 31226756 8 17 theme BMP-2 1666:1670 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 17 theme BMP-2 1666:1670 arg1 effect 1578:1583 the early chemotactic effect 1556:1583 the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB 1556:1594 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 6 18 theme In 1042:1043 arg1 patterns 1059:1066 In vitro release patterns 1042:1066 In vitro release patterns 1042:1066 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 3 19 theme BMP-2-encapsulated 488:505 arg1 microsphere 507:517 BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere 488:517 BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure 488:545 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 4 20 theme chitosan/glycerophosphate 660:684 arg1 hydrogel 686:693 chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogel 660:693 chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogel for constructing composite gels 660:725 These two types of microspheres were then embedded into chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogel for constructing composite gels. 31226756 6 21 theme temporal 1236:1243 arg1 separation 1245:1254 the temporal separation 1232:1254 the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2 1232:1297 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 1 22 theme protein-2 186:194 arg1 administration 101:114 Local administration 95:114 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner 95:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 8 23 theme osteogenic 1615:1624 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 5 24 theme formulated 879:888 arg1 gels 900:903 The optimally formulated composite gels 865:903 pH. The optimally formulated composite gels 861:903 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 6 25 theme embedded 1149:1156 arg1 microspheres 1192:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 6 25 theme embedded 1149:1156 arg1 amount 1158:1163 the embedded amount 1145:1163 the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2 1145:1297 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 3 26 theme PGDF-BB-encapsulated 426:445 arg1 microsphere 456:466 PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 426:466 PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 426:466 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 5 27 theme physiological 831:843 arg1 temperature 845:855 physiological temperature 831:855 physiological temperature 831:855 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 4 28 theme composite 712:720 arg1 gels 722:725 composite gels 712:725 composite gels 712:725 These two types of microspheres were then embedded into chitosan/glycerophosphate hydrogel for constructing composite gels. 31226756 1 29 theme Local 95:99 arg1 administration 101:114 Local administration 95:114 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner 95:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 0 30 theme Sequential 0:9 arg1 Delivery 11:18 Sequential Delivery 0:18 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 0:93 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 8 31 theme angiogenic 1630:1639 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 3 32 with microsphere 507:517 arg1 structure 537:545 a core-shell structure 524:545 a core-shell structure 524:545 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 8 33 theme chemotactic 1566:1576 arg1 effect 1578:1583 the early chemotactic effect 1556:1583 the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB 1556:1594 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 5 34 theme ambient 772:778 arg1 temperature 780:790 ambient temperature 772:790 ambient temperature 772:790 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 0 35 theme Dual 23:26 arg1 Factors 35:41 Dual Growth Factors 23:41 Dual Growth Factors 23:41 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 2 36 theme delivery 301:308 arg1 system 310:315 a delivery system 299:315 a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation 299:397 To achieve this goal, a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation was developed. 31226756 5 37 theme sequential 973:982 arg1 fashion 984:990 a sequential fashion 971:990 a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2 971:1039 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 5 38 from temperature 780:790 arg1 injectable 758:767 injectable 758:767 injectable 758:767 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 1 39 theme platelet-derived 119:134 arg1 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 39 theme platelet-derived 119:134 arg1 factor-BB 143:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB 119:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) 119:161 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 3 40 theme core-shell 526:535 arg1 structure 537:545 a core-shell structure 524:545 a core-shell structure 524:545 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 0 41 theme Factors 35:41 arg1 Delivery 11:18 Sequential Delivery 0:18 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 0:93 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 3 42 theme microsphere 507:517 arg1 type 480:483 another type 472:483 another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure 472:545 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 3 42 theme microsphere 507:517 arg1 type 418:421 One type 414:421 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 414:466 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 0 43 from Hydrogels 84:92 arg1 Delivery 11:18 Sequential Delivery 0:18 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 0:93 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 5 44 theme thermo-sensitive 800:815 arg1 features 817:824 thermo-sensitive features 800:824 thermo-sensitive features 800:824 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 1 45 theme sequential 209:218 arg1 manner 228:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 0 46 theme Growth 28:33 arg1 Factors 35:41 Dual Growth Factors 23:41 Dual Growth Factors 23:41 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 5 47 theme composite 890:898 arg1 gels 900:903 The optimally formulated composite gels 865:903 pH. The optimally formulated composite gels 861:903 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 1 48 theme release 220:226 arg1 manner 228:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 0 49 theme Injectable 48:57 arg1 Hydrogels 84:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 5 50 theme PGDF-BB 950:956 arg1 release 939:945 the release 935:945 the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 935:966 Some of them were found to be injectable at ambient temperature and had thermo-sensitive features near physiological temperature and pH. The optimally formulated composite gels showed the ability to control the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 in a sequential fashion in which PDGF-BB was released earlier than BMP-2. 31226756 7 51 theme released 1304:1311 arg1 PDGF-BB 1313:1319 PDGF-BB 1313:1319 PDGF-BB 1313:1319 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 7 51 theme released 1304:1311 arg1 bioactive 1351:1359 bioactive 1351:1359 bioactive 1351:1359 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 0 52 theme Chitosan-Based 59:72 arg1 Hydrogels 84:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 8 53 theme composite 1477:1485 arg1 gels 1487:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 1 54 theme growth 136:141 arg1 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 54 theme growth 136:141 arg1 factor-BB 143:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB 119:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) 119:161 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 8 55 theme developed 1467:1475 arg1 gels 1487:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 1 56 theme factor-BB 143:151 arg1 administration 101:114 Local administration 95:114 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner 95:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 7 57 theme C2C12 1413:1417 arg1 cells 1419:1423 Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells 1398:1423 cells 1419:1423 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 6 58 theme microspheres 1192:1203 arg1 microspheres 1192:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 6 58 theme microspheres 1192:1203 arg1 amount 1158:1163 the embedded amount 1145:1163 the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2 1145:1297 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 3 59 theme emulsification 580:593 arg1 methods 595:601 emulsification methods 580:601 emulsification methods 580:601 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 6 60 theme release 1087:1093 arg1 rates 1095:1099 the release rates 1083:1099 the release rates 1083:1099 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 61 theme bone 1515:1518 arg1 repair 1520:1525 bone repair 1515:1525 bone repair 1515:1525 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 7 62 from effects 1387:1393 arg1 cells 1419:1423 Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells 1398:1423 cells 1419:1423 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 7 62 from effects 1387:1393 arg1 3T3 1405:1407 Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells 1398:1423 3T3 1405:1407 The released PDGF-BB and BMP-2 were detected to be bioactive based on their respective effects on Balb/c 3T3 and C2C12 cells. 31226756 6 63 theme factor-encapsulated 1172:1190 arg1 microspheres 1192:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 the factor-encapsulated microspheres 1168:1203 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 0 64 theme Composite 74:82 arg1 Hydrogels 84:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels 48:92 Sequential Delivery of Dual Growth Factors from Injectable Chitosan-Based Composite Hydrogels. 31226756 2 65 theme separation 388:397 arg1 way 372:374 way 372:374 way of temporal separation 372:397 To achieve this goal, a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation was developed. 31226756 3 66 theme alginate 447:454 arg1 microsphere 456:466 PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 426:466 PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere 426:466 One type of PGDF-BB-encapsulated alginate microsphere and another type of BMP-2-encapsulated microsphere with a core-shell structure were respectively produced using emulsification methods. 31226756 2 67 theme BMP-2 363:367 arg1 release 340:346 the release 336:346 the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation 336:397 To achieve this goal, a delivery system that could sustain the release of PGDF-BB and BMP-2 by way of temporal separation was developed. 31226756 1 68 from administration 101:114 arg1 manner 228:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 a sequential release manner 207:233 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 8 69 contain have 1492:1495 arg2 potential 1501:1509 the potential 1497:1509 the potential for bone repair 1497:1525 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 69 contain have 1492:1495 arg1 gels 1487:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 the presently developed composite gels 1453:1490 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 1 70 link platelet-derived 119:134 arg1 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 PGDF-BB 154:160 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 1 70 link platelet-derived 119:134 arg1 factor-BB 143:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB 119:151 platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) 119:161 Local administration of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PGDF-BB) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in a sequential release manner could substantially promote bone healing. 31226756 6 71 theme interval 1264:1271 arg1 release 1256:1262 the temporal separation release 1232:1262 the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2 1232:1297 In vitro release patterns indicated that the release rates could be significantly regulated by varying the embedded amount of the factor-encapsulated microspheres, which can in turn mediate the temporal separation release interval between PGDF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 72 theme PDGF-BB 1654:1660 arg1 functions 1641:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions 1600:1649 the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 1600:1670 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 31226756 8 72 theme PDGF-BB 1654:1660 arg1 effect 1578:1583 the early chemotactic effect 1556:1583 the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB 1556:1594 These results suggest that the presently developed composite gels have the potential for bone repair by synergistically utilizing the early chemotactic effect of PDGF-BB and the subsequent osteogenic and angiogenic functions of PDGF-BB and BMP-2. 29883563 8 0 theme adherent 1248:1255 arg1 cells 1257:1261 The adherent cells 1244:1261 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate 1244:1329 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 11 1 theme materials 1831:1839 arg1 osseointegration 1803:1818 the osseointegration 1799:1818 the osseointegration of implant materials 1799:1839 This study highlights the potential of combining inorganic with organic surface modifications for accelerating the osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 10 2 theme facilitative 1591:1602 arg1 effects 1604:1610 Such facilitative effects 1586:1610 Such facilitative effects 1586:1610 Such facilitative effects may be achieved by activating integrins and the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. 29883563 6 3 theme adsorbed 950:957 arg1 protein 959:965 the adsorbed protein 946:965 the adsorbed protein 946:965 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 4 4 theme exogenous 763:771 arg1 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 779:799 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 779:799 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 779:799 Biofunctionalization of the substrate was achieved via further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2). 29883563 4 4 theme exogenous 763:771 arg1 BMP2 773:776 exogenous BMP2 763:776 exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2) 763:800 Biofunctionalization of the substrate was achieved via further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2). 29883563 7 5 with comparison 1101:1110 arg1 Ti 1130:1131 the pristine Ti 1117:1131 the pristine Ti 1117:1131 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 5 6 theme Pro/Alg/Pro 854:864 arg1 coatings 866:873 Pro/Alg/Pro coatings 854:873 Pro/Alg/Pro coatings 854:873 The results indicated the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates. 29883563 7 7 theme initial 1228:1234 arg1 period 1236:1241 the initial period 1224:1241 the initial period 1224:1241 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 3 8 theme superhydrophilic 519:534 arg1 surface 559:565 a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface 517:565 a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface 517:565 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 9 9 theme in 1567:1568 arg1 model 1579:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 0 10 theme Titanium 137:144 arg1 Surfaces 146:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 3 11 theme coating 673:679 arg1 adsorption 590:599 the adsorption 586:599 the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 586:679 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 9 12 dep in 1567:1568 arg1 vivo 1570:1573 vivo 1570:1573 vivo 1570:1573 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 0 13 theme Nanopolymorphic 121:135 arg1 Surfaces 146:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 11 14 theme surface 1760:1766 arg1 modifications 1768:1780 organic surface modifications 1752:1780 organic surface modifications 1752:1780 This study highlights the potential of combining inorganic with organic surface modifications for accelerating the osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 6 15 theme biomolecule 1077:1087 arg1 release 1089:1095 sustained biomolecule release 1067:1095 sustained biomolecule release 1067:1095 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 8 16 theme TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro 1270:1285 arg1 surface 1287:1293 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface 1266:1293 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface 1266:1293 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 6 17 from addition 907:914 arg1 release 935:941 the initial burst release 917:941 the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein 917:965 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 6 17 from addition 907:914 arg1 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 3 18 theme charged 551:557 arg1 surface 559:565 a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface 517:565 a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface 517:565 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 8 19 theme TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 1299:1319 arg1 substrate 1321:1329 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate 1299:1329 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate 1299:1329 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 11 20 theme implant 1823:1829 arg1 materials 1831:1839 implant materials 1823:1839 implant materials 1823:1839 This study highlights the potential of combining inorganic with organic surface modifications for accelerating the osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 5 21 theme porous 880:885 arg1 substrates 892:901 porous TiAH substrates 880:901 porous TiAH substrates 880:901 The results indicated the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates. 29883563 6 22 theme protein 959:965 arg1 release 935:941 the initial burst release 917:941 the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein 917:965 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 6 22 theme protein 959:965 arg1 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 3 23 theme AH 455:456 arg1 treatment 459:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 6 24 theme burst 929:933 arg1 release 935:941 the initial burst release 917:941 the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein 917:965 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 6 24 theme burst 929:933 arg1 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 3 25 used used 473:476 arg2 treatment 459:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 3 25 used used 473:476 arg2 Alkali 438:443 Alkali 438:443 Alkali 438:443 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 1 26 theme implant 220:226 arg1 materials 228:236 implant materials 220:236 implant materials 220:236 A bioactive paradigm is required to promote osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 5 27 theme TiAH 887:890 arg1 substrates 892:901 porous TiAH substrates 880:901 porous TiAH substrates 880:901 The results indicated the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates. 29883563 6 28 theme protein 1042:1048 arg1 distribution 1050:1061 uniform protein distribution 1034:1061 uniform protein distribution 1034:1061 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 9 29 theme in 1472:1473 arg1 differentiation 1492:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation 1468:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1468:1524 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 1 30 theme materials 228:236 arg1 osseointegration 200:215 osseointegration 200:215 osseointegration of implant materials 200:236 A bioactive paradigm is required to promote osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 9 31 dep in 1472:1473 arg1 vitro 1475:1479 vitro 1475:1479 vitro 1475:1479 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 6 32 theme sustained 1067:1075 arg1 release 1089:1095 sustained biomolecule release 1067:1095 sustained biomolecule release 1067:1095 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 8 33 theme distinct 1341:1348 arg1 shapes 1350:1355 distinct shapes 1341:1355 distinct shapes 1341:1355 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 6 34 theme initial 921:927 arg1 release 935:941 the initial burst release 917:941 the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein 917:965 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 6 34 theme initial 921:927 arg1 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 dampened 983:990 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 2 35 theme implants 428:435 arg1 osseointegration 405:420 the osseointegration 401:420 the osseointegration of Ti implants 401:435 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 6 36 from dampened 983:990 arg1 addition 907:914 addition 907:914 addition 907:914 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 2 37 theme titanium 367:374 arg1 surfaces 381:388 nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces 351:388 nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces 351:388 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 7 38 theme cell 1207:1210 arg1 adhesion 1212:1219 cell adhesion 1207:1219 cell adhesion 1207:1219 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 3 39 theme Ti 493:494 arg1 implants 496:503 porous Ti implants 486:503 porous Ti implants 486:503 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 0 40 theme Osseointegration 13:28 arg1 Promotion 0:8 Promotion 0:8 Promotion of Osseointegration 0:28 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 9 41 theme osteogenic 1481:1490 arg1 differentiation 1492:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation 1468:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1468:1524 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 7 42 theme good 1171:1174 arg1 cytocompatibility 1176:1192 good cytocompatibility 1171:1192 good cytocompatibility 1171:1192 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 2 43 theme nanopolymorphic 351:365 arg1 titanium 367:374 nanopolymorphic titanium 351:374 nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces 351:388 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 2 43 theme nanopolymorphic 351:365 arg1 Ti 377:378 Ti 377:378 Ti 377:378 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 9 44 theme rat 1575:1577 arg1 model 1579:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 8 45 theme pristine 1382:1389 arg1 Ti 1391:1392 the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces 1378:1410 Ti 1391:1392 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 0 46 theme Morphogenic 60:70 arg1 Coating 110:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating 36:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 36:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 4 47 theme BMP2 773:776 arg1 immobilization 745:758 further immobilization 737:758 further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2) 737:800 Biofunctionalization of the substrate was achieved via further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2). 29883563 7 48 theme modified 1144:1151 arg1 substrates 1153:1162 the three modified substrates 1134:1162 the three modified substrates 1134:1162 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 0 49 from Coating 110:116 arg1 Surfaces 146:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 121:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 3 50 theme charged 617:623 arg1 coating 673:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 8 51 theme TiAH 1398:1401 arg1 surfaces 1403:1410 the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces 1378:1410 surfaces 1403:1410 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 0 52 theme Protamine/Alginate/Bone 36:58 arg1 Coating 110:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating 36:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 36:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 6 53 theme uniform 1034:1040 arg1 distribution 1050:1061 uniform protein distribution 1034:1061 uniform protein distribution 1034:1061 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 5 54 theme coatings 866:873 arg1 deposition 840:849 the successful deposition 825:849 the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates 825:901 The results indicated the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates. 29883563 3 55 theme protamine/alginate/protamine 625:652 arg1 coating 673:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 11 56 theme organic 1752:1758 arg1 modifications 1768:1780 organic surface modifications 1752:1780 organic surface modifications 1752:1780 This study highlights the potential of combining inorganic with organic surface modifications for accelerating the osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 3 57 theme porous 486:491 arg1 implants 496:503 porous Ti implants 486:503 porous Ti implants 486:503 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 3 58 theme heat 449:452 arg1 treatment 459:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 heat (AH) treatment 449:467 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 9 59 theme MC3T3-E1 1511:1518 arg1 cells 1520:1524 MC3T3-E1 cells 1511:1524 MC3T3-E1 cells 1511:1524 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 9 60 from osseointegration 1543:1558 arg1 model 1579:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 the in vivo rat model 1563:1583 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 5 61 theme successful 829:838 arg1 deposition 840:849 the successful deposition 825:849 the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates 825:901 The results indicated the successful deposition of Pro/Alg/Pro coatings onto porous TiAH substrates. 29883563 2 62 theme protein 283:289 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 7 63 theme pristine 1121:1128 arg1 Ti 1130:1131 the pristine Ti 1117:1131 the pristine Ti 1117:1131 In comparison with the pristine Ti, the three modified substrates showed good cytocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion in the initial period. 29883563 0 64 theme Protein 72:78 arg1 Coating 110:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating 36:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 36:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 9 65 theme cells 1520:1524 arg1 differentiation 1492:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation 1468:1506 the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1468:1524 Moreover, TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 significantly improved the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osseointegration in the in vivo rat model. 29883563 10 66 theme signaling 1669:1677 arg1 pathway 1679:1685 the BMP/Smad signaling pathway 1656:1685 the BMP/Smad signaling pathway 1656:1685 Such facilitative effects may be achieved by activating integrins and the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. 29883563 2 67 theme protamine/alginate/bone 247:269 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 2 68 theme morphogenic 271:281 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 1 69 theme bioactive 158:166 arg1 paradigm 168:175 A bioactive paradigm 156:175 A bioactive paradigm 156:175 A bioactive paradigm is required to promote osseointegration of implant materials. 29883563 3 70 theme TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro 655:670 arg1 coating 673:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating 604:679 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 10 71 theme BMP/Smad 1660:1667 arg1 pathway 1679:1685 the BMP/Smad signaling pathway 1656:1685 the BMP/Smad signaling pathway 1656:1685 Such facilitative effects may be achieved by activating integrins and the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. 29883563 3 72 dep make 481:484 arg1 TiAH 506:509 TiAH 506:509 TiAH 506:509 Alkali and heat (AH) treatment was used to make porous Ti implants (TiAH) with a superhydrophilic and negatively charged surface, which facilitates the adsorption of a positively charged protamine/alginate/protamine (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro) coating. 29883563 2 73 theme composite 318:326 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 2 74 theme biofunctionalized 300:316 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 0 75 theme Composite 100:108 arg1 Coating 110:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating 36:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 36:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 8 76 from cells 1257:1261 arg1 surface 1287:1293 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface 1266:1293 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface 1266:1293 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 8 76 from cells 1257:1261 arg1 substrate 1321:1329 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate 1299:1329 TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate 1299:1329 The adherent cells on the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro surface and TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2 substrate exhibited distinct shapes compared to those on the pristine Ti and TiAH surfaces. 29883563 2 77 theme Ti 425:426 arg1 implants 428:435 Ti implants 425:435 Ti implants 425:435 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 4 78 theme substrate 710:718 arg1 Biofunctionalization 682:701 Biofunctionalization 682:701 Biofunctionalization of the substrate 682:718 Biofunctionalization of the substrate was achieved via further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2). 29883563 0 79 theme Biofunctionalized 82:98 arg1 Coating 110:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating 36:116 Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces 36:153 Promotion of Osseointegration Using Protamine/Alginate/Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 Biofunctionalized Composite Coating on Nanopolymorphic Titanium Surfaces. 29883563 6 80 theme TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro 999:1014 arg1 coating 1016:1022 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating 995:1022 the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating 995:1022 In addition, the initial burst release of the adsorbed protein was effectively dampened by the TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro coating, allowing uniform protein distribution and sustained biomolecule release. 29883563 2 81 theme BMP2 294:297 arg1 coating 328:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating 245:334 Here, a protamine/alginate/bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) biofunctionalized composite coating was created on nanopolymorphic titanium (Ti) surfaces to promote the osseointegration of Ti implants. 29883563 4 82 theme further 737:743 arg1 immobilization 745:758 further immobilization 737:758 further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2) 737:800 Biofunctionalization of the substrate was achieved via further immobilization of exogenous BMP2 (TiAH-Pro/Alg/Pro-BMP2). 29883563 10 83 theme Such 1586:1589 arg1 effects 1604:1610 Such facilitative effects 1586:1610 Such facilitative effects 1586:1610 Such facilitative effects may be achieved by activating integrins and the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. 29363955 8 0 theme stachyobifiose 1158:1171 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 2 1 theme improved 336:343 arg1 effect 355:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 8 2 theme stachyose 1175:1183 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 3 theme average 1072:1078 arg1 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 3 theme average 1072:1078 arg1 acids 1115:1119 total short-chain fatty acids 1091:1119 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) 1091:1126 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 3 theme average 1072:1078 arg1 amounts 1080:1086 The average amounts 1068:1086 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced 1068:1135 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 1 4 theme monosaccharide 252:265 arg1 composition 267:277 the monosaccharide composition 248:277 the monosaccharide composition 248:277 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 8 5 theme > 1173:1173 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 7 6 used used 988:991 arg2 stachyobifiose 969:982 stachyobifiose 969:982 stachyobifiose 969:982 Moreover, compared with stachyose, stachyobifiose was used less by Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Clostridium butyricum. 29363955 8 7 theme raffinose 1187:1195 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 3 8 theme -O-α-d-glucopyranosyl- 538:559 arg1 -O-β-d-fructofuranoside 593:615 1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside 534:615 1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside 534:615 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 3 8 theme -O-α-d-glucopyranosyl- 538:559 arg1 α-d-galactopyranosyl- 512:532 α-d-galactopyranosyl- 512:532 α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] 512:616 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 2 9 theme bifidobacterial 384:398 arg1 α-Gal 417:421 α-Gal 417:421 α-Gal 417:421 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 2 9 theme bifidobacterial 384:398 arg1 α-galactosidase 400:414 bifidobacterial α-galactosidase 384:414 bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli 384:465 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 8 10 theme > 1185:1185 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 11 theme β-GOS 1199:1203 arg1 order 1149:1153 the order 1145:1153 the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1145:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 12 theme short-chain 1097:1107 arg1 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 12 theme short-chain 1097:1107 arg1 acids 1115:1119 total short-chain fatty acids 1091:1119 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) 1091:1126 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 1 13 theme glycosidic 192:201 arg1 degree 213:218 degree 213:218 degree of polymerization (DP) 213:241 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 1 13 theme glycosidic 192:201 arg1 linkages 203:210 the glycosidic linkages 188:210 the glycosidic linkages 188:210 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 8 14 theme > 1197:1197 arg1 β-GOS 1199:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS 1158:1203 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 15 theme total 1091:1095 arg1 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 15 theme total 1091:1095 arg1 acids 1115:1119 total short-chain fatty acids 1091:1119 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) 1091:1126 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 2 16 theme novel 297:301 arg1 form 303:306 a novel form 295:306 a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect 295:360 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 4 17 theme lower 697:701 arg1 growth 703:708 lower growth 697:708 lower growth 697:708 Among 17 nonprobiotics, 16 nonprobiotics showed lower growth on stachyobifiose than β-GOS. 29363955 8 18 theme acids 1115:1119 arg1 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 18 theme acids 1115:1119 arg1 acids 1115:1119 total short-chain fatty acids 1091:1119 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) 1091:1126 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 18 theme acids 1115:1119 arg1 amounts 1080:1086 The average amounts 1068:1086 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced 1068:1135 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 3 19 dep -O-β-d-fructofuranoside 593:615 arg1 1→2 561:563 1→2 561:563 1→2 561:563 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 3 19 dep -O-β-d-fructofuranoside 593:615 arg1 1→6 534:536 1→6 534:536 1→6 534:536 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 3 19 dep -O-β-d-fructofuranoside 593:615 arg1 1→6 589:591 1→6 589:591 1→6 589:591 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 3 20 theme -[α-d-galactopyranosyl- 565:587 arg1 -O-β-d-fructofuranoside 593:615 1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside 534:615 1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside 534:615 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 3 20 theme -[α-d-galactopyranosyl- 565:587 arg1 α-d-galactopyranosyl- 512:532 α-d-galactopyranosyl- 512:532 α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] 512:616 The carbohydrate produced was identified as α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-fructofuranoside] and was termed stachyobifiose. 29363955 1 21 theme prebiotic 114:122 arg1 effects 124:130 The prebiotic effects 110:130 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) 110:163 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 8 22 theme fatty 1109:1113 arg1 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 SCFA 1122:1125 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 8 22 theme fatty 1109:1113 arg1 acids 1115:1119 total short-chain fatty acids 1091:1119 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) 1091:1126 The average amounts of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced were in the order of stachyobifiose > stachyose > raffinose > β-GOS. 29363955 2 23 with α-GOS 311:315 arg1 effect 355:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 5 24 theme higher 798:803 arg1 growth 805:810 higher growth 798:810 higher growth 798:810 In contrast, among the 16 probiotics, 6 probiotics showed higher growth on stachyobifiose than β-GOS. 29363955 0 25 theme Bifidobacterial 34:48 arg1 α-Galactosidase 50:64 Bifidobacterial α-Galactosidase 34:64 Bifidobacterial α-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli 34:107 Synthesis of Stachyobifiose Using Bifidobacterial α-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 1 26 theme polymerization 223:236 arg1 degree 213:218 degree 213:218 degree of polymerization (DP) 213:241 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 1 26 theme polymerization 223:236 arg1 linkages 203:210 the glycosidic linkages 188:210 the glycosidic linkages 188:210 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 6 27 used used 891:894 arg2 stachyobifiose 872:885 stachyobifiose 872:885 stachyobifiose 872:885 When compared with raffinose, stachyobifiose was used less by nonprobiotics than raffinose. 29363955 7 28 theme Clostridium 1045:1055 arg1 butyricum 1057:1065 Clostridium butyricum 1045:1065 Clostridium butyricum 1045:1065 Moreover, compared with stachyose, stachyobifiose was used less by Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Clostridium butyricum. 29363955 1 29 theme GOS 135:137 arg1 effects 124:130 The prebiotic effects 110:130 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) 110:163 The prebiotic effects of GOS (galactooligosaccharides) are known to depend on the glycosidic linkages, degree of polymerization (DP), and the monosaccharide composition. 29363955 9 30 theme beneficial 1266:1275 arg1 changes 1277:1283 beneficial changes 1266:1283 beneficial changes of gut microbiota 1266:1301 Taken together, stachyobifiose is expected to contribute to beneficial changes of gut microbiota. 29363955 2 31 theme α-GOS 311:315 arg1 form 303:306 a novel form 295:306 a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect 295:360 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 9 32 theme gut 1288:1290 arg1 microbiota 1292:1301 gut microbiota 1288:1301 gut microbiota 1288:1301 Taken together, stachyobifiose is expected to contribute to beneficial changes of gut microbiota. 29363955 9 33 theme microbiota 1292:1301 arg1 changes 1277:1283 beneficial changes 1266:1283 beneficial changes of gut microbiota 1266:1301 Taken together, stachyobifiose is expected to contribute to beneficial changes of gut microbiota. 29363955 0 34 theme Stachyobifiose 13:26 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of Stachyobifiose 0:26 Synthesis of Stachyobifiose Using Bifidobacterial α-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli. 29363955 2 35 theme prebiotic 345:353 arg1 effect 355:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 a potentially improved prebiotic effect 322:360 In this study, a novel form of α-GOS with a potentially improved prebiotic effect was synthesized using bifidobacterial α-galactosidase (α-Gal) purified from recombinant Escherichia coli. 31677137 0 0 theme Theory 83:88 arg1 Assumptions 90:100 Lattice Theory Assumptions 75:100 Lattice Theory Assumptions 75:100 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 5 1 theme polymer 1120:1126 arg1 systems 1128:1134 other polymer systems 1114:1134 other polymer systems 1114:1134 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 3 2 theme thermodynamic 523:535 arg1 model 537:541 The new thermodynamic model 515:541 The new thermodynamic model presented 515:551 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 0 3 theme Lattice 75:81 arg1 Assumptions 90:100 Lattice Theory Assumptions 75:100 Lattice Theory Assumptions 75:100 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 7 4 theme thermal 1451:1457 arg1 data 1459:1462 only thermal data 1446:1462 only thermal data for calculations 1446:1479 It does not require estimation of any interaction parameters, it is almost assumption-free and uses only thermal data for calculations. 31677137 6 5 theme 25°C. 1247:1251 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1253:1263 25°C. CONCLUSIONS 1247:1263 25°C. CONCLUSIONS 1247:1263 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 1 6 theme fast 185:188 arg1 dissolution 190:200 fast dissolution 185:200 fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix 185:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 1 6 theme fast 185:188 arg1 kinetics 252:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics 227:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states 227:286 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 6 7 theme 24 1210:1211 arg1 % 1223:1223 24, 55 and 56% w/w 1210:1227 % 1223:1223 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 3 8 theme mixing 714:719 arg1 conversion 635:644 conversion 635:644 conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions 635:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 8 theme mixing 714:719 arg1 energies 702:709 free energies 697:709 free energies of mixing as well as solubility 697:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 4 9 theme model 777:781 arg1 indomethacin 788:799 model drug indomethacin 777:799 model drug indomethacin 777:799 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 6 10 theme indomethacin 1151:1162 arg1 Solubility 1137:1146 Solubility 1137:1146 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 1137:1204 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 5 11 theme different 953:961 arg1 compositions 976:987 different drug-polymer compositions 953:987 different drug-polymer compositions 953:987 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 5 12 with dispersion 1031:1040 arg1 content 1057:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 2 13 from DSC 485:487 arg1 data 475:478 only experimental data 457:478 only experimental data from DSC for calculations 457:504 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 5 14 theme drug-polymer 963:974 arg1 compositions 976:987 different drug-polymer compositions 953:987 different drug-polymer compositions 953:987 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 3 15 dep METHODS 507:513 arg1 combines 553:560 combines 553:560 combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature 553:770 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 1 16 theme regular 303:309 arg1 theories 320:327 regular solution theories 303:327 regular solution theories 303:327 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 6 17 theme 56 1221:1222 arg1 % 1223:1223 24, 55 and 56% w/w 1210:1227 % 1223:1223 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 3 18 theme DSC 562:564 arg1 analysis 566:573 DSC analysis 562:573 DSC analysis 562:573 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 6 19 theme traditional 1325:1335 arg1 methods 1337:1343 traditional methods 1325:1343 traditional methods 1325:1343 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 2 20 attach present 347:353 arg2 we 344:345 we 344:345 we 344:345 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 2 20 attach present 347:353 arg1 work 338:341 this work 333:341 this work 333:341 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 4 21 theme Eudragit 840:847 arg1 HPMCAS 814:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS 773:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 773:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 21 theme Eudragit 840:847 arg1 EPO 849:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 2 22 theme experimental 462:473 arg1 data 475:478 only experimental data 457:478 only experimental data from DSC for calculations 457:504 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 4 23 dep HPMCAS 814:819 arg1 HPMCAS 814:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS 773:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 773:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 23 dep HPMCAS 814:819 arg1 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 23 dep HPMCAS 814:819 arg1 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 23 dep HPMCAS 814:819 arg1 EPO 849:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 0 24 theme Solubility 13:22 arg1 Determination 24:36 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination 0:36 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 3 25 theme solubility 732:741 arg1 conversion 635:644 conversion 635:644 conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions 635:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 25 theme solubility 732:741 arg1 energies 702:709 free energies 697:709 free energies of mixing as well as solubility 697:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 6 26 from CONCLUSIONS 1253:1263 arg1 % 1223:1223 24, 55 and 56% w/w 1210:1227 % 1223:1223 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 3 27 theme temperature 760:770 arg1 function 748:755 a function 746:755 a function of temperature 746:770 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 27 theme temperature 760:770 arg1 energies 623:630 free energies 618:630 free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility 618:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 7 28 theme interaction 1384:1394 arg1 parameters 1396:1405 any interaction parameters 1380:1405 any interaction parameters 1380:1405 It does not require estimation of any interaction parameters, it is almost assumption-free and uses only thermal data for calculations. 31677137 0 29 theme Drug-Polymer 0:11 arg1 Determination 24:36 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination 0:36 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 1 30 theme solution 311:318 arg1 theories 320:327 regular solution theories 303:327 regular solution theories 303:327 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 3 31 theme law 601:603 arg1 application 579:589 application 579:589 application 579:589 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 31 theme law 601:603 arg1 analysis 566:573 DSC analysis 562:573 DSC analysis 562:573 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 1 32 theme polymeric 209:217 arg1 matrix 219:224 the polymeric matrix 205:224 the polymeric matrix 205:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 7 33 theme parameters 1396:1405 arg1 estimation 1366:1375 estimation 1366:1375 estimation of any interaction parameters 1366:1405 It does not require estimation of any interaction parameters, it is almost assumption-free and uses only thermal data for calculations. 31677137 1 34 theme PURPOSE 103:109 arg1 methods 123:129 PURPOSE Traditional methods 103:129 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility 103:168 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 5 35 theme HPMCAS 1015:1020 arg1 dispersion 1031:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion 1015:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content 1015:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 2 36 theme thermodynamic 417:429 arg1 considerations 431:444 thermodynamic considerations 417:444 thermodynamic considerations 417:444 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 5 37 theme temperature 936:946 arg1 energies 894:901 Free energies 889:901 Free energies 889:901 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 5 37 theme temperature 936:946 arg1 function 924:931 a function 922:931 a function of temperature 922:946 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 4 38 theme indomethacin 788:799 arg1 HPMCAS 814:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS 773:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 773:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 38 theme indomethacin 788:799 arg1 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 38 theme indomethacin 788:799 arg1 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 38 theme indomethacin 788:799 arg1 EPO 849:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 3 39 theme amorphous 668:676 arg1 dispersions 684:694 amorphous solid dispersions 668:694 amorphous solid dispersions 668:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 1 40 theme Traditional 111:121 arg1 methods 123:129 PURPOSE Traditional methods 103:129 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility 103:168 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 0 41 theme New 41:43 arg1 Model 59:63 A New Thermodynamic Model 39:63 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 3 42 theme new 519:521 arg1 model 537:541 The new thermodynamic model 515:541 The new thermodynamic model presented 515:551 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 6 43 theme great 1303:1307 arg1 advantages 1309:1318 great advantages 1303:1318 great advantages 1303:1318 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 3 44 theme solid 678:682 arg1 dispersions 684:694 amorphous solid dispersions 668:694 amorphous solid dispersions 668:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 45 theme free 618:621 arg1 function 748:755 a function 746:755 a function of temperature 746:770 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 45 theme free 618:621 arg1 energies 623:630 free energies 618:630 free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility 618:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 1 46 theme rapid 227:231 arg1 kinetics 252:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics 227:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states 227:286 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 1 46 theme rapid 227:231 arg1 dissolution 190:200 fast dissolution 185:200 fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix 185:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 3 47 theme binary 649:654 arg1 mixtures 656:663 binary mixtures 649:663 binary mixtures 649:663 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 48 theme mixtures 656:663 arg1 conversion 635:644 conversion 635:644 conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions 635:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 48 theme mixtures 656:663 arg1 energies 702:709 free energies 697:709 free energies of mixing as well as solubility 697:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 5 49 theme LF 1022:1023 arg1 dispersion 1031:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion 1015:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content 1015:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 1 50 theme re-crystallization 233:250 arg1 kinetics 252:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics 227:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states 227:286 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 1 50 theme re-crystallization 233:250 arg1 dissolution 190:200 fast dissolution 185:200 fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix 185:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 4 51 used used 858:861 arg2 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 51 used used 858:861 arg2 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 51 used used 858:861 arg2 EPO 849:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 51 used used 858:861 arg2 HPMCAS 814:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS 773:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 773:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 5 52 theme solid 1025:1029 arg1 dispersion 1031:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion 1015:1040 HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content 1015:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 5 53 theme other 1114:1118 arg1 systems 1128:1134 other polymer systems 1114:1134 other polymer systems 1114:1134 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 0 54 theme Thermodynamic 45:57 arg1 Model 59:63 A New Thermodynamic Model 39:63 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 1 55 from states 281:286 arg1 kinetics 252:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics 227:259 rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states 227:286 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 1 55 from states 281:286 arg1 dissolution 190:200 fast dissolution 185:200 fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix 185:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 3 56 theme free 697:700 arg1 conversion 635:644 conversion 635:644 conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions 635:694 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 56 theme free 697:700 arg1 energies 702:709 free energies 697:709 free energies of mixing as well as solubility 697:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 2 57 theme new 357:359 arg1 method 361:366 a new method 355:366 a new method 355:366 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31677137 6 58 contain has 1299:1301 arg1 model 1283:1287 The thermodynamic model 1265:1287 The thermodynamic model presented 1265:1297 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 6 58 contain has 1299:1301 arg2 advantages 1309:1318 great advantages 1303:1318 great advantages 1303:1318 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 6 59 theme Eudragit 1193:1200 arg1 EPO 1202:1204 Eudragit EPO 1193:1204 Eudragit EPO 1193:1204 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 6 60 theme thermodynamic 1269:1281 arg1 model 1283:1287 The thermodynamic model 1265:1287 The thermodynamic model presented 1265:1297 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 5 61 theme high 1047:1050 arg1 content 1057:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 4 62 theme polymers 805:812 arg1 HPMCAS 814:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS 773:819 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO 773:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 62 theme polymers 805:812 arg1 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 LF 821:822 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 62 theme polymers 805:812 arg1 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 K29/32 829:834 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 4 62 theme polymers 805:812 arg1 EPO 849:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 Eudragit EPO 840:851 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 6 63 from Solubility 1137:1146 arg1 LF 1174:1175 LF 1174:1175 LF 1174:1175 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 6 63 from Solubility 1137:1146 arg1 K29/32 1182:1187 K29/32 1182:1187 K29/32 1182:1187 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 6 63 from Solubility 1137:1146 arg1 EPO 1202:1204 Eudragit EPO 1193:1204 Eudragit EPO 1193:1204 Solubility of indomethacin in HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO was 24, 55 and 56% w/w, respectively, at 25°C. CONCLUSIONS The thermodynamic model presented has great advantages over traditional methods. 31677137 5 64 dep RESULTS 881:887 arg1 show 1005:1008 show 1005:1008 show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems 1005:1134 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 5 64 dep RESULTS 881:887 arg1 calculated 908:917 calculated 908:917 calculated 908:917 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 4 65 theme drug 783:786 arg1 indomethacin 788:799 model drug indomethacin 777:799 model drug indomethacin 777:799 The model drug indomethacin and polymers HPMCAS LF, PVP K29/32 and Eudragit EPO were used in these studies. 31677137 5 66 theme drug 1052:1055 arg1 content 1057:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 high drug content 1047:1063 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 0 67 dep Determination 24:36 arg1 Model 59:63 A New Thermodynamic Model 39:63 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 1 68 theme drug-polymer 146:157 arg1 solubility 159:168 drug-polymer solubility 146:168 drug-polymer solubility 146:168 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 0 69 from Assumptions 90:100 arg1 Free 65:68 Free 65:68 Free 65:68 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 5 70 theme Free 889:892 arg1 energies 894:901 Free energies 889:901 Free energies 889:901 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 5 70 theme Free 889:892 arg1 function 924:931 a function 922:931 a function of temperature 922:946 RESULTS Free energies were calculated as a function of temperature, for different drug-polymer compositions and the results show that HPMCAS LF solid dispersion with high drug content are less thermodynamically favorable compared to other polymer systems. 31677137 1 71 theme supersaturated 266:279 arg1 states 281:286 supersaturated states 266:286 supersaturated states 266:286 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 0 72 theme Free 65:68 arg1 Model 59:63 A New Thermodynamic Model 39:63 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 0:101 Drug-Polymer Solubility Determination: A New Thermodynamic Model Free from Lattice Theory Assumptions. 31677137 3 73 theme conversion 635:644 arg1 function 748:755 a function 746:755 a function of temperature 746:770 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 3 73 theme conversion 635:644 arg1 energies 623:630 free energies 618:630 free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility 618:741 METHODS The new thermodynamic model presented combines DSC analysis and application of Hess's law to determine free energies of conversion of binary mixtures to amorphous solid dispersions, free energies of mixing as well as solubility as a function of temperature. 31677137 1 74 from dissolution 190:200 arg1 matrix 219:224 the polymeric matrix 205:224 the polymeric matrix 205:224 PURPOSE Traditional methods for estimating drug-polymer solubility either require fast dissolution in the polymeric matrix, rapid re-crystallization kinetics from supersaturated states or derive from regular solution theories. 31677137 2 75 theme drug 384:387 arg1 solubility 389:398 drug solubility 384:398 drug solubility 384:398 In this work, we present a new method for determining drug solubility, purely based on thermodynamic considerations, that uses only experimental data from DSC for calculations. 31668843 0 0 theme Cu 80:81 arg1 removal 87:93 enhanced Cu(II) removal 71:93 enhanced Cu(II) removal 71:93 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 8 1 theme environmental 1204:1216 arg1 adaptability 1218:1229 better environmental adaptability 1197:1229 better environmental adaptability 1197:1229 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 4 2 theme pH 531:532 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 0 3 theme enhanced 71:78 arg1 removal 87:93 enhanced Cu(II) removal 71:93 enhanced Cu(II) removal 71:93 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 6 4 theme adsorption 1012:1021 arg1 rate 1023:1026 the overall adsorption rate 1000:1026 the overall adsorption rate 1000:1026 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 8 5 theme better 1197:1202 arg1 adaptability 1218:1229 better environmental adaptability 1197:1229 better environmental adaptability 1197:1229 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 7 6 theme behavior 1161:1168 arg1 feasibility 1112:1122 spontaneous feasibility 1100:1122 spontaneous feasibility 1100:1122 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 7 6 theme behavior 1161:1168 arg1 nature 1140:1145 endothermic nature 1128:1145 endothermic nature 1128:1145 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 8 7 theme [e.g. 1345:1349 arg1 Pb 1351:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb 1327:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1327:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 5 8 theme pectin 823:828 arg1 ratio 814:818 mass ratio 809:818 mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1 809:847 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 5 9 theme optimized 786:794 arg1 beads 802:806 optimized BPA-9 beads 786:806 optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar 786:867 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 4 10 theme contact 535:541 arg1 time 543:546 contact time 535:546 contact time 535:546 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 7 11 theme adsorption 1150:1159 arg1 behavior 1161:1168 adsorption behavior 1150:1168 adsorption behavior 1150:1168 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 8 12 theme NaCl 1250:1253 arg1 presence 1238:1245 the presence 1234:1245 the presence of NaCl 1234:1253 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 1 13 theme aqueous 226:232 arg1 solution 234:241 aqueous solution 226:241 aqueous solution 226:241 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 5 14 theme adsorption 672:681 arg1 isotherms 683:691 The adsorption isotherms 668:691 The adsorption isotherms 668:691 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 6 15 theme film 966:969 arg1 diffusion 971:979 the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion 932:979 diffusion 971:979 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 1 16 theme grapefruit 160:169 arg1 peel 171:174 grapefruit peel 160:174 grapefruit peel 160:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 4 17 theme inorganic 585:593 arg1 salts 595:599 coexisting inorganic salts 574:599 coexisting inorganic salts 574:599 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 6 18 theme Kinetic 894:900 arg1 process 902:908 Kinetic process 894:908 Kinetic process 894:908 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 6 19 theme overall 1004:1010 arg1 rate 1023:1026 the overall adsorption rate 1000:1026 the overall adsorption rate 1000:1026 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 4 20 theme time 543:546 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 3 21 theme biochar 383:389 arg1 fillers 391:397 biochar fillers 383:397 biochar fillers 383:397 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 0 22 theme pectin 6:11 arg1 hydrogel 29:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel 0:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit 0:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 1 23 from solution 234:241 arg1 removal 213:219 Cu(II) removal 206:219 Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 206:241 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 0 24 attach derived 38:44 arg2 hydrogel 29:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel 0:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit 0:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 0 24 attach derived 38:44 arg1 grapefruit 51:60 grapefruit 51:60 grapefruit 51:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 8 25 theme adsorption 1302:1311 arg1 potential 1313:1321 good adsorption potential 1297:1321 MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1256:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 7 26 theme endothermic 1128:1138 arg1 nature 1140:1145 endothermic nature 1128:1145 endothermic nature 1128:1145 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 3 27 theme polymer 364:370 arg1 matrix 372:377 polymer matrix 364:377 polymer matrix 364:377 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 0 28 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 hydrogel 29:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel 0:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit 0:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 4 29 theme biochar 511:517 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 4 30 theme batch 656:660 arg1 mode 662:665 batch mode 656:665 batch mode 656:665 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 8 31 theme good 1297:1300 arg1 potential 1313:1321 good adsorption potential 1297:1321 MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1256:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 3 32 theme matrix 372:377 arg1 effect 354:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect 326:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers 326:397 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 0 33 theme composite 19:27 arg1 hydrogel 29:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel 0:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit 0:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 5 34 theme experimental 742:753 arg1 capacity 774:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 5 35 theme % 859:859 arg1 biochar 861:867 0.25% biochar 855:867 0.25% biochar 855:867 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 7 36 theme spontaneous 1100:1110 arg1 feasibility 1112:1122 spontaneous feasibility 1100:1122 spontaneous feasibility 1100:1122 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 8 37 theme heavy 1333:1337 arg1 Pb 1351:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb 1327:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1327:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 9 38 theme BPA 1376:1378 arg1 beads 1380:1384 the BPA beads 1372:1384 the BPA beads 1372:1384 Crucially, the BPA beads showed good regeneration ability after five cycles. 31668843 0 39 theme based 13:17 arg1 hydrogel 29:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel 0:36 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit 0:60 Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(II) removal. 31668843 4 40 theme pectin 523:528 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 8 41 dep Pb 1351:1352 arg1 III 1354:1356 III 1354:1356 III 1354:1356 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 4 42 theme coexisting 574:583 arg1 salts 595:599 coexisting inorganic salts 574:599 coexisting inorganic salts 574:599 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 3 43 theme adsorptive 412:421 arg1 performance 456:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance 408:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA 408:473 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 3 44 theme thermostabilized 439:454 arg1 performance 456:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance 408:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA 408:473 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 9 45 theme regeneration 1398:1409 arg1 ability 1411:1417 good regeneration ability 1393:1417 good regeneration ability 1393:1417 Crucially, the BPA beads showed good regeneration ability after five cycles. 31668843 1 46 attach derived 147:153 arg2 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 46 attach derived 147:153 arg1 peel 171:174 grapefruit peel 160:174 grapefruit peel 160:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 46 attach derived 147:153 arg2 beads 135:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads 96:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel 96:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 47 used used 197:200 arg2 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 47 used used 197:200 arg2 beads 135:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads 96:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel 96:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 2 48 theme characterization 299:314 arg1 analysis 316:323 characterization analysis 299:323 characterization analysis 299:323 FTIR, SEM-EDS, XRD, TGA and XPS, etc. were applied for characterization analysis. 31668843 3 49 theme fillers 391:397 arg1 effect 354:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect 326:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers 326:397 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 5 50 theme beads 802:806 arg1 capacity 774:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 5 51 theme mass 809:812 arg1 ratio 814:818 mass ratio 809:818 mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1 809:847 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 5 52 theme maximum 755:761 arg1 capacity 774:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 4 53 theme concentration 556:568 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 3 54 theme synergistic 330:340 arg1 effect 354:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect 326:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers 326:397 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 10 55 theme BPA 1483:1485 arg1 potential 1470:1478 the potential 1466:1478 the potential of BPA for removing heavy metal from water 1466:1521 All these results indicated the potential of BPA for removing heavy metal from water. 31668843 5 56 dep beads 802:806 arg1 ratio 814:818 mass ratio 809:818 mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1 809:847 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 6 57 theme intraparticle 1041:1053 arg1 diffusion 1055:1063 intraparticle diffusion 1041:1063 intraparticle diffusion 1041:1063 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 9 58 theme good 1393:1396 arg1 ability 1411:1417 good regeneration ability 1393:1417 good regeneration ability 1393:1417 Crucially, the BPA beads showed good regeneration ability after five cycles. 31668843 3 59 theme reinforcing 342:352 arg1 effect 354:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect 326:359 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers 326:397 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 8 60 theme metal 1339:1343 arg1 Pb 1351:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb 1327:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1327:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 1 61 theme Novel 96:100 arg1 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 61 theme Novel 96:100 arg1 beads 135:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads 96:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel 96:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 4 62 theme component 489:497 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 5 63 with beads 802:806 arg1 biochar 861:867 0.25% biochar 855:867 0.25% biochar 855:867 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 4 64 theme salts 595:599 arg1 contents 499:506 component contents 489:506 component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands 489:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 5 65 theme Freundlich 717:726 arg1 model 728:732 the Freundlich model 713:732 the Freundlich model 713:732 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 8 66 theme other 1327:1331 arg1 Pb 1351:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb 1327:1352 other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)] 1327:1358 Moreover, BPA also showed better environmental adaptability in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and CA as well as good adsorption potential for other heavy metal [e.g. Pb(III)]. 31668843 1 67 theme biochar/pectin/alginate 102:124 arg1 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 67 theme biochar/pectin/alginate 102:124 arg1 beads 135:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads 96:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel 96:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 6 68 theme pseudo-second-order 936:954 arg1 model 956:960 the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion 932:979 model 956:960 Kinetic process was well described by the pseudo-second-order model and film diffusion primarily governed the overall adsorption rate, followed by intraparticle diffusion. 31668843 5 69 theme 0.25 855:858 arg1 % 859:859 % 859:859 % 859:859 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 1 70 theme hydrogel 126:133 arg1 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 BPA 142:144 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 70 theme hydrogel 126:133 arg1 beads 135:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads 96:139 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel 96:174 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 1 71 theme Cu 206:207 arg1 removal 213:219 Cu(II) removal 206:219 Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 206:241 Novel biochar/pectin/alginate hydrogel beads (BPA) derived from grapefruit peel were synthesized and used for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 31668843 5 72 theme BPA-9 796:800 arg1 beads 802:806 optimized BPA-9 beads 786:806 optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar 786:867 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 10 73 attach removing 1491:1498 arg2 potential 1470:1478 the potential 1466:1478 the potential of BPA for removing heavy metal from water 1466:1521 All these results indicated the potential of BPA for removing heavy metal from water. 31668843 10 73 attach removing 1491:1498 arg1 water 1517:1521 water 1517:1521 water 1517:1521 All these results indicated the potential of BPA for removing heavy metal from water. 31668843 3 74 theme BPA 471:473 arg1 performance 456:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance 408:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA 408:473 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 3 75 theme mechanical 424:433 arg1 performance 456:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance 408:466 the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA 408:473 The synergistic reinforcing effect of polymer matrix and biochar fillers improved the adsorptive, mechanical and thermostabilized performance of BPA. 31668843 7 76 theme Thermodynamics 1066:1079 arg1 analysis 1081:1088 Thermodynamics analysis 1066:1088 Thermodynamics analysis 1066:1088 Thermodynamics analysis suggested spontaneous feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption behavior. 31668843 5 77 theme adsorption 763:772 arg1 capacity 774:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 the experimental maximum adsorption capacity 738:781 The adsorption isotherms were fitted well by the Freundlich model and the experimental maximum adsorption capacity of optimized BPA-9 beads (mass ratio of pectin to alginate = 10:1) with 0.25% biochar, was ∼80.6 mg/g at pH 6. 31668843 4 78 theme organic 604:610 arg1 ligands 612:618 organic ligands 604:618 organic ligands 604:618 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 31668843 4 79 theme Cu 549:550 arg1 concentration 556:568 Cu(II) concentration 549:568 Cu(II) concentration 549:568 Factors like component contents of biochar and pectin, pH, contact time, Cu(II) concentration and coexisting inorganic salts or organic ligands were systematically investigated in batch mode. 30481534 0 0 theme acacia-sodium 84:96 arg1 superadsorbent 115:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 4 1 theme synthesized 861:871 arg1 selective 896:904 selective 896:904 selective 896:904 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 4 1 theme synthesized 861:871 arg1 sample 873:878 The synthesized sample 857:878 The synthesized sample 857:878 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 3 2 theme MBA 713:715 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 0 3 theme gum 80:82 arg1 superadsorbent 115:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 1 4 theme sodium 317:322 arg1 alginate 324:331 sodium alginate 317:331 sodium alginate 317:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 8 5 theme thermodynamic 1442:1454 arg1 studies 1456:1462 thermodynamic studies 1442:1462 thermodynamic studies 1442:1462 Exothermic nature of adsorption was revealed by thermodynamic studies. 30481534 0 6 theme blended 107:113 arg1 superadsorbent 115:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 1 7 theme alginate 324:331 arg1 hybrid 292:297 the hybrid 288:297 the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate 288:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 7 8 theme step 1332:1335 arg1 process 1337:1343 three step process 1326:1343 three step process of adsorption 1326:1357 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 0 9 theme alginate 98:105 arg1 superadsorbent 115:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 80:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 3 10 theme swelling 681:688 arg1 capacity 690:697 maximum swelling capacity 673:697 maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% 673:708 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 5 11 from equilibrium 1072:1082 arg1 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 11 from equilibrium 1072:1082 arg1 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 11 from equilibrium 1072:1082 arg1 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 11 from equilibrium 1072:1082 arg1 capacities 1058:1067 Adsorption capacities 1047:1067 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium 1047:1082 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 7 12 theme first 1372:1376 arg1 kinetics 1384:1391 first order kinetics 1372:1391 first order kinetics 1372:1391 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 3 13 theme 15 mL 825:829 arg1 water 831:835 15 mL water 825:835 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h 825:854 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 4 14 theme malachite 987:995 arg1 MG 1004:1005 MG 1004:1005 MG 1004:1005 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 4 14 theme malachite 987:995 arg1 green 997:1001 malachite green 987:1001 malachite green (MG) 987:1006 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 7 15 theme adsorption 1348:1357 arg1 process 1337:1343 three step process 1326:1343 three step process of adsorption 1326:1357 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 2 16 theme overall 423:429 arg1 reaction 431:438 The overall reaction 419:438 The overall reaction 419:438 The overall reaction followed free radical polymerization with ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator. 30481534 1 17 theme polymeric 341:349 arg1 chains 351:356 the polymeric chains 337:356 the polymeric chains 337:356 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 6 18 theme semi-IPN 1261:1268 arg1 recyclization 1244:1256 the recyclization 1240:1256 the recyclization of semi-IPN 1240:1268 These dyes could be desorbed with 0.1 N HCl for the recyclization of semi-IPN. 30481534 4 19 theme cationic 921:928 arg1 dyes 930:933 cationic dyes 921:933 cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively 921:1044 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 2 20 theme radical 454:460 arg1 polymerization 462:475 free radical polymerization 449:475 free radical polymerization 449:475 The overall reaction followed free radical polymerization with ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator. 30481534 3 21 from 70 °C 840:844 arg1 water 831:835 15 mL water 825:835 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h 825:854 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 1 22 theme efficient 196:204 arg1 superadsorbent 206:219 highly efficient superadsorbent 189:219 highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate 189:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 0 23 theme Selective 0:8 arg1 removal 10:16 Selective removal 0:16 Selective removal of cationic dyes 0:33 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 3 24 theme AA 726:727 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 5 25 theme Adsorption 1047:1056 arg1 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 7.55 mg g-1 1147:1157 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 25 theme Adsorption 1047:1056 arg1 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 3.06 mg g-1 1131:1141 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 25 theme Adsorption 1047:1056 arg1 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 2.01 mg g-1 1118:1128 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 5 25 theme Adsorption 1047:1056 arg1 capacities 1058:1067 Adsorption capacities 1047:1067 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium 1047:1082 Adsorption capacities at equilibrium were calculated experimentally as 2.01 mg g-1, 3.06 mg g-1 and 7.55 mg g-1 for AO, MG and CV, respectively. 30481534 7 26 theme order 1378:1382 arg1 kinetics 1384:1391 first order kinetics 1372:1391 first order kinetics 1372:1391 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 0 27 theme cationic 21:28 arg1 dyes 30:33 cationic dyes 21:33 cationic dyes 21:33 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 3 28 theme central 573:579 arg1 RSM-CCD 599:605 RSM-CCD 599:605 RSM-CCD 599:605 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 28 theme central 573:579 arg1 design 591:596 central composite design 573:596 central composite design (RSM-CCD) 573:606 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 29 theme Response 528:535 arg1 methodology 545:555 Response surface methodology 528:555 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) 528:606 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 30 theme APS 718:720 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 31 theme surface 537:543 arg1 methodology 545:555 Response surface methodology 528:555 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) 528:606 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 2 32 theme free 449:452 arg1 polymerization 462:475 free radical polymerization 449:475 free radical polymerization 449:475 The overall reaction followed free radical polymerization with ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator. 30481534 4 33 theme dyes 930:933 arg1 removal 910:916 removal 910:916 removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively 910:1044 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 3 34 theme composite 581:589 arg1 RSM-CCD 599:605 RSM-CCD 599:605 RSM-CCD 599:605 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 34 theme composite 581:589 arg1 design 591:596 central composite design 573:596 central composite design (RSM-CCD) 573:606 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 0 35 theme dyes 30:33 arg1 removal 10:16 Selective removal 0:16 Selective removal of cationic dyes 0:33 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 4 36 dep dyes 930:933 arg1 % 945:945 97.49% 940:945 97.49% 940:945 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 4 36 dep dyes 930:933 arg1 % 953:953 95.39% 948:953 95.39% 948:953 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 4 36 dep dyes 930:933 arg1 % 964:964 94.56% 959:964 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) 959:1030 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 8 37 theme Exothermic 1394:1403 arg1 nature 1405:1410 Exothermic nature 1394:1410 Exothermic nature of adsorption 1394:1424 Exothermic nature of adsorption was revealed by thermodynamic studies. 30481534 7 38 theme monolayer 1301:1309 arg1 formation 1311:1319 monolayer formation 1301:1319 monolayer formation 1301:1319 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 3 39 theme 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1 747:765 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 0 40 theme surface 50:56 arg1 methodology 58:68 response surface methodology 41:68 response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 41:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 3 41 theme 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 768:786 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 42 theme semi-Interpenetrating 625:645 arg1 network 647:653 semi-Interpenetrating network 625:653 semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) 625:664 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 42 theme semi-Interpenetrating 625:645 arg1 semi-IPN 656:663 semi-IPN 656:663 semi-IPN 656:663 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 3 43 theme % 708:708 arg1 capacity 690:697 maximum swelling capacity 673:697 maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% 673:708 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 1 44 theme Gum 131:133 arg1 acacia 135:140 Gum acacia 131:140 Gum acacia 131:140 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 0 45 theme response 41:48 arg1 methodology 58:68 response surface methodology 41:68 response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent 41:128 Selective removal of cationic dyes using response surface methodology optimized gum acacia-sodium alginate blended superadsorbent. 30481534 3 46 theme maximum 673:679 arg1 capacity 690:697 maximum swelling capacity 673:697 maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% 673:708 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 30481534 1 47 theme gum 302:304 arg1 acacia 306:311 gum acacia 302:311 gum acacia 302:311 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 48 theme N'-methylene 385:396 arg1 MBA 413:415 MBA 413:415 MBA 413:415 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 48 theme N'-methylene 385:396 arg1 N 383:383 N 383:383 N 383:383 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 48 theme N'-methylene 385:396 arg1 bisacrylamide 398:410 N'-methylene bisacrylamide 385:410 N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) 385:416 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 7 49 theme Adsorption 1271:1280 arg1 mechanism 1282:1290 Adsorption mechanism 1271:1290 Adsorption mechanism 1271:1290 Adsorption mechanism involved monolayer formation with three step process of adsorption and followed first order kinetics. 30481534 1 50 theme poly 243:246 arg1 grafting 231:238 grafting 231:238 grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate 231:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 51 theme sodium 146:151 arg1 alginate 153:160 sodium alginate 146:160 sodium alginate 146:160 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 2 52 theme ammonium 482:489 arg1 APS 504:506 APS 504:506 APS 504:506 The overall reaction followed free radical polymerization with ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator. 30481534 2 52 theme ammonium 482:489 arg1 persulphate 491:501 ammonium persulphate 482:501 ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator 482:525 The overall reaction followed free radical polymerization with ammonium persulphate (APS) used as initiator. 30481534 8 53 theme adsorption 1415:1424 arg1 nature 1405:1410 Exothermic nature 1394:1410 Exothermic nature of adsorption 1394:1424 Exothermic nature of adsorption was revealed by thermodynamic studies. 30481534 4 54 theme crystal 1012:1018 arg1 CV 1028:1029 CV 1028:1029 CV 1028:1029 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 4 54 theme crystal 1012:1018 arg1 violet 1020:1025 crystal violet 1012:1025 crystal violet (CV) 1012:1030 The synthesized sample was found to be selective for removal of cationic dyes upto 97.49%, 95.39% and 94.56% for auramine-O (AO), malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV), respectively. 30481534 1 55 theme acrylic 248:254 arg1 poly 243:246 poly 243:246 poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate 243:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 55 theme acrylic 248:254 arg1 acid 256:259 acrylic acid 248:259 acrylic acid 248:259 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 1 56 theme acacia 306:311 arg1 hybrid 292:297 the hybrid 288:297 the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate 288:331 Gum acacia and sodium alginate were blended to synthesize highly efficient superadsorbent formed by grafting of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) used as monomer onto the hybrid of gum acacia and sodium alginate and the polymeric chains were crosslinked through N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). 30481534 3 57 theme 1.46 mol L-1 792:803 arg1 concentrations 729:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations 713:742 MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1 713:803 Response surface methodology integrated with central composite design (RSM-CCD) could synthesize semi-Interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) having maximum swelling capacity of 1749.2% at MBA, APS and AA concentrations of 0.89 × 10-2 mol L-1, 3.29 × 10-2 mol L-1 and 1.46 mol L-1, respectively using 15 mL water at 70 °C for 2.5 h. 29530027 4 0 theme metabolites 576:586 arg1 activities 552:561 the biological activities 537:561 the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants 537:614 Several studies have been performed on the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants. 29530027 11 1 theme KGF 1549:1551 arg1 effect 1539:1544 the in vitro protective effect 1515:1544 the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1515:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 16 2 theme citratus 2213:2220 arg1 polysaccharides 2173:2187 the polysaccharides 2169:2187 the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta 2169:2241 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 16 2 theme citratus 2213:2220 arg1 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 12 3 contain contained 1712:1720 arg2 amounts 1731:1737 very few amounts 1722:1737 very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%) 1722:1765 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 3 contain contained 1712:1720 arg1 CSP 1708:1710 CSP 1708:1710 CSP 1708:1710 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 3 contain contained 1712:1720 arg2 % 1764:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 3 contain contained 1712:1720 arg1 KGP 1700:1702 KGP 1700:1702 KGP 1700:1702 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 3 contain contained 1712:1720 arg2 metabolites 1748:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 16 4 dep CONCLUSION 2131:2140 arg1 suggest 2156:2162 suggest 2156:2162 suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology 2156:2369 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 1 5 theme glioblastoma 257:268 arg1 cells 270:274 U87 glioblastoma cells 253:274 U87 glioblastoma cells 253:274 Schltr and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf leaves in raw 264.7 macrophages and U87 glioblastoma cells. 29530027 6 6 theme citratus 873:880 arg1 use 824:826 potential use 814:826 potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation 814:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 8 7 theme cell 1206:1209 arg1 lines 1211:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 Secondly, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on Raw 264.7 macrophages and U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines by the MTT assay. 29530027 14 8 from 12.5 μg/mL 1923:1932 arg1 CCF 1916:1918 CCF 1916:1918 CCF 1916:1918 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 14 8 from 12.5 μg/mL 1923:1932 arg1 KGF 1908:1910 KGF 1908:1910 KGF 1908:1910 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 9 9 theme pro-inflammatory 1386:1401 arg1 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 9 theme pro-inflammatory 1386:1401 arg1 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 9 theme pro-inflammatory 1386:1401 arg1 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 9 theme pro-inflammatory 1386:1401 arg1 mediators 1403:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators 1378:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1378:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 8 10 theme Raw 1160:1162 arg1 macrophages 1170:1180 Raw 264.7 macrophages 1160:1180 Raw 264.7 macrophages 1160:1180 Secondly, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on Raw 264.7 macrophages and U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines by the MTT assay. 29530027 8 11 theme MTT 1224:1226 arg1 assay 1228:1232 the MTT assay 1220:1232 the MTT assay 1220:1232 Secondly, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on Raw 264.7 macrophages and U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines by the MTT assay. 29530027 1 12 theme Cymbopogon 191:200 arg1 Stapf 211:215 Cymbopogon citratus Stapf 191:215 Cymbopogon citratus Stapf 191:215 Schltr and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf leaves in raw 264.7 macrophages and U87 glioblastoma cells. 29530027 0 13 theme stem 134:137 arg1 bark 139:142 stem bark 134:142 stem bark 134:142 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 7 14 theme grandifoliola 1019:1031 arg1 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 14 theme grandifoliola 1019:1031 arg1 bark 1038:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark 1016:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF) 1016:1047 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 14 theme grandifoliola 1019:1031 arg1 sanguinolenta 1053:1065 C. sanguinolenta 1050:1065 C. sanguinolenta (CSF) 1050:1071 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 14 theme grandifoliola 1019:1031 arg1 citratus 1080:1087 C. citratus 1077:1087 C. citratus (CCF) 1077:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 8 15 theme U87-MG 1186:1191 arg1 lines 1211:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 Secondly, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on Raw 264.7 macrophages and U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines by the MTT assay. 29530027 5 16 theme anti-neuro 660:669 arg1 roles 699:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles 656:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants 656:748 However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants have not yet been elucidated. 29530027 6 17 theme chronic 919:925 arg1 inflammation 927:938 chronic inflammation 919:938 chronic inflammation 919:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 7 18 theme fractions 992:1000 arg1 composition 962:972 the composition 958:972 the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) 958:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 19 attach isolated 1002:1009 arg1 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 19 attach isolated 1002:1009 arg1 bark 1038:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark 1016:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF) 1016:1047 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 19 attach isolated 1002:1009 arg1 sanguinolenta 1053:1065 C. sanguinolenta 1050:1065 C. sanguinolenta (CSF) 1050:1071 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 19 attach isolated 1002:1009 arg1 citratus 1080:1087 C. citratus 1077:1087 C. citratus (CCF) 1077:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 19 attach isolated 1002:1009 arg2 fractions 992:1000 polysaccharide fractions 977:1000 polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) 977:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 11 20 theme U87-MG 1602:1607 arg1 cells 1609:1613 the U87-MG cells 1598:1613 the U87-MG cells 1598:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 0 21 theme response 65:72 arg1 Inhibition 0:9 Inhibition 0:9 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 0:178 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 0 22 theme polysaccharide 77:90 arg1 fractions 92:100 polysaccharide fractions 77:100 polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 77:178 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 15 23 theme cell 2023:2026 arg1 viability 2028:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 4 24 theme Several 498:504 arg1 studies 506:512 Several studies 498:512 Several studies 498:512 Several studies have been performed on the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants. 29530027 14 25 theme ROS 1961:1963 arg1 overproduction 1965:1978 LPS-induced ROS overproduction 1949:1978 LPS-induced ROS overproduction 1949:1978 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 7 26 dep METHODS 941:947 arg1 leaves 1095:1100 leaves 1095:1100 leaves was assessed 1095:1113 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 14 27 from 10 μg/mL 1865:1872 arg1 polysaccharides 1846:1860 All the polysaccharides 1838:1860 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL 1838:1872 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 0 28 dep grandifoliola 111:123 arg1 bark 139:142 stem bark 134:142 stem bark 134:142 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 0 29 theme grandifoliola 111:123 arg1 fractions 92:100 polysaccharide fractions 77:100 polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 77:178 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 16 30 from part 2343:2346 arg1 diseases 2304:2311 neurodegenerative diseases 2286:2311 neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology 2286:2369 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 12 31 theme metabolites 1748:1758 arg1 metabolites 1748:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 31 theme metabolites 1748:1758 arg1 % 1764:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 31 theme metabolites 1748:1758 arg1 amounts 1731:1737 very few amounts 1722:1737 very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%) 1722:1765 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 2 32 dep Cymbopogon 328:337 arg1 citratus 339:346 Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) 328:354 Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) 328:354 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 9 33 theme ability 1287:1293 arg1 evaluation 1269:1278 the in vitro evaluation 1256:1278 the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1256:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 6 34 theme sanguinolenta 852:864 arg1 use 824:826 potential use 814:826 potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation 814:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 3 35 theme Cameroonian 421:431 arg1 medicine 445:452 Cameroonian traditional medicine 421:452 Cameroonian traditional medicine 421:452 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 9 36 theme KGF 1298:1300 arg1 ability 1287:1293 the ability 1283:1293 the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1283:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 12 37 theme few 1727:1729 arg1 metabolites 1748:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 these metabolites 1742:1758 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 37 theme few 1727:1729 arg1 % 1764:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 ≤ 2% 1761:1764 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 37 theme few 1727:1729 arg1 amounts 1731:1737 very few amounts 1722:1737 very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%) 1722:1765 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 0 38 theme -induced 38:45 arg1 response 65:72 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response 14:72 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response 14:72 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 9 39 theme CSF 1303:1305 arg1 ability 1287:1293 the ability 1283:1293 the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1283:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 40 dep in 1260:1261 arg1 vitro 1263:1267 vitro 1263:1267 vitro 1263:1267 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 14 41 theme NO 1884:1885 arg1 production 1887:1896 NO production 1884:1896 NO production 1884:1896 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 9 42 dep NO 1414:1415 arg1 IL6 1438:1440 IL6 1438:1440 IL6 1438:1440 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 42 dep NO 1414:1415 arg1 cytokines 1449:1457 NF-kB cytokines 1443:1457 NF-kB cytokines 1443:1457 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 42 dep NO 1414:1415 arg1 TNFα 1432:1435 TNFα 1432:1435 TNFα 1432:1435 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 43 theme CCF 1311:1313 arg1 ability 1287:1293 the ability 1283:1293 the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1283:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 44 dep mediators 1403:1411 arg1 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 44 dep mediators 1403:1411 arg1 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 44 dep mediators 1403:1411 arg1 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 44 dep mediators 1403:1411 arg1 mediators 1403:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators 1378:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1378:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 16 45 theme neurodegenerative 2286:2302 arg1 diseases 2304:2311 neurodegenerative diseases 2286:2311 neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology 2286:2369 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 1 46 theme raw 227:229 arg1 macrophages 237:247 raw 264.7 macrophages 227:247 raw 264.7 macrophages 227:247 Schltr and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf leaves in raw 264.7 macrophages and U87 glioblastoma cells. 29530027 11 47 theme protective 1528:1537 arg1 effect 1539:1544 the in vitro protective effect 1515:1544 the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1515:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 3 48 theme diseases 488:495 arg1 treatment 462:470 the treatment 458:470 the treatment of inflammatory diseases 458:495 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 12 49 theme RESULTS 1630:1636 arg1 CCF 1638:1640 RESULTS CCF 1630:1640 RESULTS CCF 1630:1640 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 4 50 theme secondary 566:574 arg1 metabolites 576:586 secondary metabolites 566:586 secondary metabolites extracted from these plants 566:614 Several studies have been performed on the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants. 29530027 11 51 theme in 1519:1520 arg1 effect 1539:1544 the in vitro protective effect 1515:1544 the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1515:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 16 52 theme grandifoliola 2195:2207 arg1 polysaccharides 2173:2187 the polysaccharides 2169:2187 the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta 2169:2241 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 16 52 theme grandifoliola 2195:2207 arg1 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 1 53 theme U87 253:255 arg1 cells 270:274 U87 glioblastoma cells 253:274 U87 glioblastoma cells 253:274 Schltr and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf leaves in raw 264.7 macrophages and U87 glioblastoma cells. 29530027 16 54 theme pathophysiology 2355:2369 arg1 part 2343:2346 part 2343:2346 part of the pathophysiology 2343:2369 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 8 55 theme glioblastoma 1193:1204 arg1 lines 1211:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines 1186:1215 Secondly, the cytotoxicity was evaluated on Raw 264.7 macrophages and U87-MG glioblastoma cell lines by the MTT assay. 29530027 10 56 theme U87-MG 1492:1497 arg1 cells 1499:1503 Raw 264.7 and U87-MG cells 1478:1503 cells 1499:1503 This was done in Raw 264.7 and U87-MG cells. 29530027 9 57 theme various 1378:1384 arg1 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 IL1β 1426:1429 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 57 theme various 1378:1384 arg1 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 ROS 1418:1420 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 57 theme various 1378:1384 arg1 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 NO 1414:1415 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 57 theme various 1378:1384 arg1 mediators 1403:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators 1378:1411 various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1378:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 12 58 contain contain 1662:1668 arg2 polyphenol 1683:1692 no polyphenol 1680:1692 no polyphenol 1680:1692 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 58 contain contain 1662:1668 arg1 CCF 1638:1640 RESULTS CCF 1630:1640 RESULTS CCF 1630:1640 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 12 58 contain contain 1662:1668 arg2 sugar 1670:1674 sugar 1670:1674 sugar 1670:1674 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 5 59 theme protective 688:697 arg1 roles 699:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles 656:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants 656:748 However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants have not yet been elucidated. 29530027 13 60 theme polysaccharide 1778:1791 arg1 non-toxic 1808:1816 non-toxic 1808:1816 non-toxic 1808:1816 The three polysaccharide fractions were non-toxic up to 100 μg.mL- 1. 29530027 13 60 theme polysaccharide 1778:1791 arg1 fractions 1793:1801 The three polysaccharide fractions 1768:1801 The three polysaccharide fractions 1768:1801 The three polysaccharide fractions were non-toxic up to 100 μg.mL- 1. 29530027 9 61 theme mediators 1403:1411 arg1 overproduction 1360:1373 overproduction 1360:1373 overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1360:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 6 62 from use 824:826 arg1 prevention 905:914 the prevention 901:914 the prevention of chronic inflammation 901:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 1 63 theme citratus 202:209 arg1 Stapf 211:215 Cymbopogon citratus Stapf 191:215 Cymbopogon citratus Stapf 191:215 Schltr and Cymbopogon citratus Stapf leaves in raw 264.7 macrophages and U87 glioblastoma cells. 29530027 7 64 theme stem 1033:1036 arg1 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 64 theme stem 1033:1036 arg1 bark 1038:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark 1016:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF) 1016:1047 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 64 theme stem 1033:1036 arg1 sanguinolenta 1053:1065 C. sanguinolenta 1050:1065 C. sanguinolenta (CSF) 1050:1071 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 64 theme stem 1033:1036 arg1 citratus 1080:1087 C. citratus 1077:1087 C. citratus (CCF) 1077:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 6 65 theme inflammation 927:938 arg1 prevention 905:914 the prevention 901:914 the prevention of chronic inflammation 901:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 16 66 theme sanguinolenta 2229:2241 arg1 polysaccharides 2173:2187 the polysaccharides 2169:2187 the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta 2169:2241 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 16 66 theme sanguinolenta 2229:2241 arg1 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 beneficial 2252:2261 CONCLUSION These results suggest that the polysaccharides of K. grandifoliola, C. citratus and C. sanguinolenta could be beneficial in preventing/treating neurodegenerative diseases in which neuroinflammation is part of the pathophysiology. 29530027 5 67 theme inflammatory 671:682 arg1 roles 699:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles 656:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants 656:748 However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants have not yet been elucidated. 29530027 7 68 theme K. 1016:1017 arg1 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 KGF 1044:1046 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 68 theme K. 1016:1017 arg1 bark 1038:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark 1016:1041 K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF) 1016:1047 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 68 theme K. 1016:1017 arg1 sanguinolenta 1053:1065 C. sanguinolenta 1050:1065 C. sanguinolenta (CSF) 1050:1071 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 7 68 theme K. 1016:1017 arg1 citratus 1080:1087 C. citratus 1077:1087 C. citratus (CCF) 1077:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 5 69 theme plants 743:748 arg1 polysaccharides 712:726 the polysaccharides 708:726 the polysaccharides of these three plants 708:748 However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants have not yet been elucidated. 29530027 15 70 theme 100 μg/mL 1990:1998 arg1 LPS 2000:2002 100 μg/mL LPS 1990:2002 100 μg/mL LPS 1990:2002 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 15 71 theme viability 2028:2036 arg1 viability 2028:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 15 71 theme viability 2028:2036 arg1 % 2014:2014 50% 2012:2014 50% of U87 cell viability 2012:2036 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 11 72 from toxicity 1586:1593 arg1 cells 1609:1613 the U87-MG cells 1598:1613 the U87-MG cells 1598:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 7 73 theme polysaccharide 977:990 arg1 fractions 992:1000 polysaccharide fractions 977:1000 polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) 977:1093 METHODS Firstly, the composition of polysaccharide fractions isolated from K. grandifoliola stem bark (KGF), C. sanguinolenta (CSF) and C. citratus (CCF) leaves was assessed. 29530027 15 74 theme U87 2019:2021 arg1 viability 2028:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 U87 cell viability 2019:2036 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 sanguinolenta 372:384 sanguinolenta 372:384 sanguinolenta 372:384 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 C.D.C. 309:314 C.D.C. 309:314 C.D.C. 309:314 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 Stapf 349:353 Stapf 349:353 Stapf 349:353 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 Lindl 387:391 Lindl 387:391 Lindl 387:391 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 bark 322:325 stem bark 317:325 stem bark 317:325 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 2 75 dep BACKGROUND 277:286 arg1 Cymbopogon 328:337 Cymbopogon 328:337 Cymbopogon 328:337 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 5 76 theme polysaccharides 712:726 arg1 roles 699:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles 656:703 the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants 656:748 However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-neuro inflammatory and protective roles of the polysaccharides of these three plants have not yet been elucidated. 29530027 9 77 theme NF-kB 1443:1447 arg1 cytokines 1449:1457 NF-kB cytokines 1443:1457 NF-kB cytokines 1443:1457 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 9 77 theme NF-kB 1443:1447 arg1 TNFα 1432:1435 TNFα 1432:1435 TNFα 1432:1435 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 14 78 theme LPS-induced 1949:1959 arg1 overproduction 1965:1978 LPS-induced ROS overproduction 1949:1978 LPS-induced ROS overproduction 1949:1978 All the polysaccharides at 10 μg/mL inhibited NO production, but only KGF and CCF at 12.5 μg/mL down-regulated LPS-induced ROS overproduction. 29530027 9 79 theme in 1260:1261 arg1 evaluation 1269:1278 the in vitro evaluation 1256:1278 the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines) 1256:1458 This was followed by the in vitro evaluation of the ability of KGF, CSF and CCF to inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced overproduction of various pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, ROS and IL1β, TNFα, IL6, NF-kB cytokines). 29530027 15 80 with pre-treatment 2043:2055 arg1 polysaccharides 2072:2086 the three polysaccharides 2062:2086 the three polysaccharides 2062:2086 Finally, 100 μg/mL LPS reduced 50% of U87 cell viability, and pre-treatment with the three polysaccharides significantly increased the proliferation. 29530027 3 81 used used 413:416 arg2 Schltr 395:400 Schltr 395:400 Schltr leaves 395:407 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 4 82 theme biological 541:550 arg1 activities 552:561 the biological activities 537:561 the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants 537:614 Several studies have been performed on the biological activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these plants. 29530027 3 83 dep Schltr 395:400 arg1 leaves 402:407 leaves 402:407 leaves 402:407 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 11 84 dep in 1519:1520 arg1 vitro 1522:1526 vitro 1522:1526 vitro 1522:1526 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 11 85 theme CCF 1562:1564 arg1 effect 1539:1544 the in vitro protective effect 1515:1544 the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1515:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 13 86 dep 100 μg.mL- 1 1824:1835 arg1 up 1818:1819 up 1818:1819 up 1818:1819 The three polysaccharide fractions were non-toxic up to 100 μg.mL- 1. 29530027 11 87 theme CSF 1554:1556 arg1 effect 1539:1544 the in vitro protective effect 1515:1544 the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1515:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 3 88 theme traditional 433:443 arg1 medicine 445:452 Cameroonian traditional medicine 421:452 Cameroonian traditional medicine 421:452 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 0 89 theme neuroinflammatory 47:63 arg1 response 65:72 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response 14:72 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response 14:72 Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory response by polysaccharide fractions of Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 6 90 dep sanguinolenta 852:864 arg1 polysaccharides 882:896 polysaccharides 882:896 polysaccharides 882:896 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 29530027 3 91 theme inflammatory 475:486 arg1 diseases 488:495 inflammatory diseases 475:495 inflammatory diseases 475:495 Schltr leaves are used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. 29530027 12 92 theme no 1680:1681 arg1 polyphenol 1683:1692 no polyphenol 1680:1692 no polyphenol 1680:1692 RESULTS CCF was shown to mostly contain sugar and no polyphenol while KGP and CSP contained very few amounts of these metabolites (≤ 2%). 29530027 11 93 theme LPS-induced 1574:1584 arg1 toxicity 1586:1593 LPS-induced toxicity 1574:1593 LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells 1574:1613 Finally, the in vitro protective effect of KGF, CSF and CCF against LPS-induced toxicity in the U87-MG cells was evaluated. 29530027 2 94 theme stem 317:320 arg1 bark 322:325 stem bark 317:325 stem bark 317:325 BACKGROUND Khaya grandifoliola (C.D.C.) stem bark, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf) and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) 29530027 6 95 theme potential 814:822 arg1 use 824:826 potential use 814:826 potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation 814:938 This study aimed at investigating potential use of K. grandifoliola, C. sanguinolenta and C. citratus polysaccharides in the prevention of chronic inflammation. 31588994 9 0 theme composite 1688:1696 arg1 coating 1698:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 0 theme composite 1688:1696 arg1 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 4 1 theme coating 592:598 arg1 structures 600:609 The composite coating structures 578:609 The composite coating structures 578:609 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 10 2 theme in 1763:1764 arg1 nanoparticles 1771:1783 in situ nanoparticles 1763:1783 in situ nanoparticles 1763:1783 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 9 3 from properties 1582:1591 arg1 ocellatus 1628:1636 S. ocellatus 1625:1636 S. ocellatus 1625:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 4 theme coatings 1613:1620 arg1 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 4 theme coatings 1613:1620 arg1 properties 1582:1591 The preservation properties 1565:1591 The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1565:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 8 5 from ocellatus 1447:1455 arg1 properties 1404:1413 The preservation properties 1387:1413 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus 1387:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 6 6 theme SiOx 1117:1120 arg1 molecules 1129:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 4 7 theme scanning 683:690 arg1 Fourier 633:639 Fourier 633:639 Fourier transform infrared 633:658 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 4 7 theme scanning 683:690 arg1 microscopy 701:710 scanning electron microscopy 683:710 scanning electron microscopy 683:710 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 3 8 theme Ti/ZnO 546:551 arg1 nanorods 554:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 5 9 theme SiOx 923:926 arg1 dispersion 884:893 homogeneous dispersion 872:893 homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating 872:944 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 6 10 theme nano 1112:1115 arg1 SiOx 1117:1120 nano SiOx 1112:1120 nano SiOx 1112:1120 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 10 11 theme preservation 1858:1869 arg1 properties 1871:1880 the preservation properties 1854:1880 the preservation properties of CS coatings 1854:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 5 12 theme synthesized 906:916 arg1 SiOx 923:926 in situ synthesized nano SiOx 898:926 in situ synthesized nano SiOx 898:926 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 4 13 theme preservation 743:754 arg1 properties 756:765 their physicochemical and preservation properties 717:765 their physicochemical and preservation properties 717:765 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 4 14 dep transform 641:649 arg1 infrared 651:658 infrared 651:658 transform infrared 641:658 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 5 15 theme Ti/ZnO 956:961 arg1 nanoballs 963:971 Ti/ZnO nanoballs 956:971 Ti/ZnO nanoballs 956:971 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 9 16 dep CONCLUSION 1554:1563 arg1 properties 1582:1591 The preservation properties 1565:1591 The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1565:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 16 dep CONCLUSION 1554:1563 arg1 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 16 dep CONCLUSION 1554:1563 arg1 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 16 dep CONCLUSION 1554:1563 arg1 coating 1698:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 2 17 theme natural 267:273 arg1 potential 291:299 potential 291:299 potential 291:299 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 2 17 theme natural 267:273 arg1 biopolymer 275:284 a natural biopolymer 265:284 a natural biopolymer 265:284 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 9 18 from coatings 1613:1620 arg1 ocellatus 1628:1636 S. ocellatus 1625:1636 S. ocellatus 1625:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 6 19 theme Ti/ZnO 1067:1072 arg1 nanoparticles 1074:1086 Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 1067:1086 Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 1067:1086 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 8 20 theme CS 1518:1519 arg1 coatings 1531:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 7 21 theme Ti/ZnO 1332:1337 arg1 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 7 21 theme Ti/ZnO 1332:1337 arg1 coating 1367:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 4 22 theme physicochemical 723:737 arg1 properties 756:765 their physicochemical and preservation properties 717:765 their physicochemical and preservation properties 717:765 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 0 23 theme chitosan 80:87 arg1 coatings 99:106 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 10 24 theme coatings 1888:1895 arg1 properties 1871:1880 the preservation properties 1854:1880 the preservation properties of CS coatings 1854:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 0 25 theme coatings 99:106 arg1 properties 46:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties 0:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 0:107 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 6 26 theme strong 1028:1033 arg1 bonds 1044:1048 strong hydrogen bonds 1028:1048 strong hydrogen bonds 1028:1048 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 8 27 theme preservation 1391:1402 arg1 properties 1404:1413 The preservation properties 1387:1413 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus 1387:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 7 28 theme mechanical 1225:1234 arg1 properties 1236:1245 mechanical properties 1225:1245 mechanical properties 1225:1245 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 9 29 theme composite 1603:1611 arg1 coatings 1613:1620 the CS composite coatings 1596:1620 the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1596:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 3 30 theme preservation 406:417 arg1 properties 419:428 the physicochemical and preservation properties 382:428 properties 419:428 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 0 31 theme SiOx 75:78 arg1 chitosan 80:87 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan 60:87 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 3 32 theme chitosan 446:453 arg1 coating 470:476 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 0 33 theme Preparation 0:10 arg1 properties 46:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties 0:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 0:107 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 7 34 theme composite 1357:1365 arg1 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 7 34 theme composite 1357:1365 arg1 coating 1367:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 3 35 theme physicochemical 386:400 arg1 properties 419:428 the physicochemical and preservation properties 382:428 properties 419:428 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 8 36 theme CS 1422:1423 arg1 coatings 1425:1432 the CS coatings 1418:1432 the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus 1418:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 0 37 theme physicochemical 13:27 arg1 properties 46:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties 0:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 0:107 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 5 38 theme Ti/ZnO 1001:1006 arg1 nanorods 1008:1015 Ti/ZnO nanorods 1001:1015 Ti/ZnO nanorods 1001:1015 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 7 39 theme nanoballs/SiOx 1339:1352 arg1 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 7 39 theme nanoballs/SiOx 1339:1352 arg1 coating 1367:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 3 40 theme composite 460:468 arg1 coating 470:476 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 0 41 theme preservation 33:44 arg1 properties 46:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties 0:55 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 0:107 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 8 42 dep Ti/ZnO/in 1498:1506 arg1 situ 1508:1511 situ 1508:1511 situ 1508:1511 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 5 43 theme Ti/ZnO 833:838 arg1 nanoparticles 840:852 the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 829:852 the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 829:852 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 5 43 theme Ti/ZnO 833:838 arg1 beneficial 858:867 beneficial 858:867 beneficial 858:867 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 3 44 theme CS 491:492 arg1 coatings 504:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 10 45 theme antibacterial 1789:1801 arg1 nanoparticles 1803:1815 antibacterial nanoparticles 1789:1815 antibacterial nanoparticles 1789:1815 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 9 46 theme Ti/ZnO 1663:1668 arg1 coating 1698:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 46 theme Ti/ZnO 1663:1668 arg1 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 7 47 theme Ti/ZnO 1302:1307 arg1 nanoparticles 1309:1321 Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 1302:1321 Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 1302:1321 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 3 48 theme Ti-doped 532:539 arg1 nanorods 554:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 9 49 theme CS 1685:1686 arg1 coating 1698:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 49 theme CS 1685:1686 arg1 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 11 50 theme Chemical 1916:1923 arg1 Industry 1925:1932 Chemical Industry 1916:1932 Chemical Industry 1916:1932 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 31588994 4 51 theme composite 582:590 arg1 structures 600:609 The composite coating structures 578:609 The composite coating structures 578:609 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 8 52 from properties 1404:1413 arg1 ocellatus 1447:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 6 53 theme CS 1169:1170 arg1 structure 1156:1164 the primary structure 1144:1164 the primary structure of CS 1144:1170 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 10 54 theme nanoparticles 1803:1815 arg1 method 1753:1758 the co-modification method 1733:1758 the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles 1733:1815 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 10 54 theme nanoparticles 1803:1815 arg1 method 1836:1841 a promising method 1824:1841 a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings 1824:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 5 55 theme nano 918:921 arg1 SiOx 923:926 in situ synthesized nano SiOx 898:926 in situ synthesized nano SiOx 898:926 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 7 56 theme CS 1254:1255 arg1 coatings 1257:1264 the CS coatings 1250:1264 the CS coatings 1250:1264 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 8 57 from coatings 1425:1432 arg1 ocellatus 1447:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 1 58 theme preservation 186:197 arg1 materials 199:207 preservation materials 186:207 preservation materials 186:207 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 1 58 theme preservation 186:197 arg1 BACKGROUND 109:118 BACKGROUND 109:118 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 109:164 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 4 59 theme electron 692:699 arg1 Fourier 633:639 Fourier 633:639 Fourier transform infrared 633:658 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 4 59 theme electron 692:699 arg1 microscopy 701:710 scanning electron microscopy 683:710 scanning electron microscopy 683:710 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 10 60 theme promising 1826:1834 arg1 method 1753:1758 the co-modification method 1733:1758 the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles 1733:1815 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 10 60 theme promising 1826:1834 arg1 method 1836:1841 a promising method 1824:1841 a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings 1824:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 1 61 theme ZnO 148:150 arg1 nanoparticles 152:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 8 62 theme Ti/ZnO/in 1498:1506 arg1 coatings 1531:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 5 63 contain have 973:976 arg1 nanoballs 963:971 Ti/ZnO nanoballs 956:971 Ti/ZnO nanoballs 956:971 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 5 63 contain have 973:976 arg2 dispersion 985:994 better dispersion 978:994 better dispersion 978:994 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 4 64 theme X-ray 661:665 arg1 diffraction 667:677 X-ray diffraction 661:677 X-ray diffraction 661:677 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 4 64 theme X-ray 661:665 arg1 Fourier 633:639 Fourier 633:639 Fourier transform infrared 633:658 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 1 65 theme nanomaterials 126:138 arg1 nanoparticles 152:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 10 66 theme nanoparticles 1771:1783 arg1 method 1753:1758 the co-modification method 1733:1758 the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles 1733:1815 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 10 66 theme nanoparticles 1771:1783 arg1 method 1836:1841 a promising method 1824:1841 a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings 1824:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 5 67 dep RESULTS 799:805 arg1 show 819:822 show 819:822 show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods 819:1015 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 8 68 theme SiOx 1513:1516 arg1 coatings 1531:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 4 69 dep Fourier 633:639 arg1 transform 641:649 transform 641:649 transform infrared 641:658 The composite coating structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and their physicochemical and preservation properties were determined simultaneously. 31588994 1 70 theme Ti 141:142 arg1 nanoparticles 152:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles 126:164 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 9 71 from ocellatus 1628:1636 arg1 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 71 from ocellatus 1628:1636 arg1 properties 1582:1591 The preservation properties 1565:1591 The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1565:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 8 72 theme composite 1521:1529 arg1 coatings 1531:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings 1498:1538 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 10 73 theme co-modification 1737:1751 arg1 method 1753:1758 the co-modification method 1733:1758 the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles 1733:1815 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 10 73 theme co-modification 1737:1751 arg1 method 1836:1841 a promising method 1824:1841 a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings 1824:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 7 74 theme coatings 1257:1264 arg1 properties 1236:1245 mechanical properties 1225:1245 mechanical properties 1225:1245 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 7 74 theme coatings 1257:1264 arg1 permeabilities 1206:1219 gas permeabilities 1202:1219 gas permeabilities 1202:1219 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 10 75 theme CS 1885:1886 arg1 coatings 1888:1895 CS coatings 1885:1895 CS coatings 1885:1895 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 5 76 theme CS 935:936 arg1 coating 938:944 the CS coating 931:944 the CS coating 931:944 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 0 77 theme composite 89:97 arg1 coatings 99:106 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 9 78 theme preservation 1569:1580 arg1 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 significant 1642:1652 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 78 theme preservation 1569:1580 arg1 properties 1582:1591 The preservation properties 1565:1591 The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1565:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 6 79 theme hydrogen 1035:1042 arg1 bonds 1044:1048 strong hydrogen bonds 1028:1048 strong hydrogen bonds 1028:1048 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 7 80 dep permeabilities 1206:1219 arg1 the 1198:1200 the 1198:1200 the 1198:1200 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 10 81 dep in 1763:1764 arg1 situ 1766:1769 situ 1766:1769 situ 1766:1769 Therefore, the co-modification method of in situ nanoparticles and antibacterial nanoparticles may be a promising method to improve the preservation properties of CS coatings. 31588994 6 82 theme primary 1148:1154 arg1 structure 1156:1164 the primary structure 1144:1164 the primary structure of CS 1144:1170 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 5 83 from dispersion 884:893 arg1 coating 938:944 the CS coating 931:944 the CS coating 931:944 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 9 84 theme CS 1600:1601 arg1 coatings 1613:1620 the CS composite coatings 1596:1620 the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus 1596:1636 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 6 85 theme CS 1126:1127 arg1 molecules 1129:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 3 86 dep in 433:434 arg1 situ 436:439 situ 436:439 situ 436:439 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 7 87 theme gas 1202:1204 arg1 permeabilities 1206:1219 gas permeabilities 1202:1219 gas permeabilities 1202:1219 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 5 88 theme better 978:983 arg1 dispersion 985:994 better dispersion 978:994 better dispersion 978:994 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 7 89 theme CS 1354:1355 arg1 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 optimal 1378:1384 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 7 89 theme CS 1354:1355 arg1 coating 1367:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1328:1373 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 5 90 theme homogeneous 872:882 arg1 dispersion 884:893 homogeneous dispersion 872:893 homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating 872:944 RESULTS The results show that the Ti/ZnO nanoparticles are beneficial to homogeneous dispersion of in situ synthesized nano SiOx in the CS coating, and that Ti/ZnO nanoballs have better dispersion than Ti/ZnO nanorods. 31588994 2 91 contain has 287:289 arg1 Chitosan 252:259 Chitosan 252:259 Chitosan 252:259 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 2 91 contain has 287:289 arg2 biopolymer 275:284 a natural biopolymer 265:284 a natural biopolymer 265:284 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 2 91 contain has 287:289 arg2 potential 291:299 potential 291:299 potential 291:299 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 6 92 theme synthesized 1100:1110 arg1 molecules 1129:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules 1092:1137 Moreover, strong hydrogen bonds are formed among Ti/ZnO nanoparticles and in situ synthesized nano SiOx and CS molecules, and the primary structure of CS is disorganized. 31588994 3 93 theme Ti/ZnO/SiOx 479:489 arg1 coatings 504:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 0 94 dep Ti/ZnO/in 60:68 arg1 situ 70:73 situ 70:73 situ 70:73 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 3 95 theme SiOx 441:444 arg1 CS 456:457 CS 456:457 CS 456:457 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 3 95 theme SiOx 441:444 arg1 chitosan 446:453 in situ SiOx chitosan 433:453 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 8 96 theme coatings 1425:1432 arg1 properties 1404:1413 The preservation properties 1387:1413 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus 1387:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 3 97 theme coating 470:476 arg1 properties 419:428 the physicochemical and preservation properties 382:428 properties 419:428 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 0 98 theme Ti/ZnO/in 60:68 arg1 chitosan 80:87 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan 60:87 Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings 60:106 Preparation, physicochemical and preservation properties of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx chitosan composite coatings. 31588994 7 99 theme nanoparticles 1309:1321 arg1 modification 1286:1297 modification 1286:1297 modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles 1286:1321 Thereby, the gas permeabilities and mechanical properties of the CS coatings are improved due to modification of Ti/ZnO nanoparticles, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is optimal. 31588994 3 100 theme in 433:434 arg1 CS 456:457 CS 456:457 CS 456:457 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 3 100 theme in 433:434 arg1 chitosan 446:453 in situ SiOx chitosan 433:453 in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating 433:476 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 8 101 theme Sciaenops 1437:1445 arg1 ocellatus 1447:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 Sciaenops ocellatus 1437:1455 The preservation properties of the CS coatings on Sciaenops ocellatus are significantly improved, and those of Ti/ZnO/in situ SiOx CS composite coatings are superior. 31588994 2 102 theme antibacterial 345:357 arg1 properties 359:368 antibacterial properties 345:368 antibacterial properties 345:368 Chitosan, as a natural biopolymer, has potential because of its abundance, compatibility and antibacterial properties. 31588994 3 103 theme composite 494:502 arg1 coatings 504:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings 479:511 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 31588994 1 104 theme antibacterial 226:238 arg1 properties 240:249 their antibacterial properties 220:249 their antibacterial properties 220:249 BACKGROUND Among nanomaterials, Ti and ZnO nanoparticles are often chosen as preservation materials because of their antibacterial properties. 31588994 9 105 theme nanoballs/SiOx 1670:1683 arg1 coating 1698:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating 1659:1704 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 9 105 theme nanoballs/SiOx 1670:1683 arg1 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 better 1714:1719 CONCLUSION The preservation properties of the CS composite coatings on S. ocellatus are significant, and the Ti/ZnO nanoballs/SiOx CS composite coating is even better. 31588994 3 106 theme ZnO 541:543 arg1 nanorods 554:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods 532:561 To improve the physicochemical and preservation properties of in situ SiOx chitosan (CS) composite coating, Ti/ZnO/SiOx CS composite coatings were prepared with Ti-doped ZnO (Ti/ZnO) nanorods and nanoballs. 29430170 6 0 theme ultraviolet-visible 1150:1168 arg1 spectroscopy 1170:1181 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 1150:1181 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 1150:1181 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 3 1 theme Recombiant 558:567 arg1 hCG 569:571 Recombiant hCG 558:571 Recombiant hCG 558:571 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 11 2 dep RESULTS 1874:1880 arg1 compared 1919:1926 compared 1919:1926 have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy 1914:2187 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 1 3 theme INTRODUCTION 95:106 arg1 agencies 119:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies 95:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies 95:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 11 4 theme reference 2019:2027 arg1 product 2029:2035 the reference product 2015:2035 the reference product 2015:2035 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 10 5 from activity 1782:1789 arg1 term 1794:1797 term 1794:1797 term of potency of reference product and SB005 1794:1839 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 4 6 theme infertility 888:898 arg1 cause 879:883 cause 879:883 cause 879:883 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 3 7 from luteinization 689:701 arg1 women 716:720 infertile women 706:720 infertile women 706:720 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 3 8 theme technology 755:764 arg1 program 766:772 assisted reproductive technology program 733:772 assisted reproductive technology program 733:772 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 0 9 theme Analytical 0:9 arg1 characterization 11:26 Analytical characterization 0:26 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG 0:45 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 1 10 theme biosimilar 209:218 arg1 product 245:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product 198:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 198:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 11 11 theme rhCG 1965:1968 arg1 similarity 1939:1948 analytical similarity 1928:1948 analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product 1928:2035 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 6 12 theme bridge 1225:1230 arg1 analysis 1232:1239 disulfide bridge analysis 1215:1239 disulfide bridge analysis 1215:1239 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 1 13 theme Regulatory 108:117 arg1 agencies 119:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies 95:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies 95:126 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 5 14 theme intact 986:991 arg1 analysis 998:1005 intact mass analysis 986:1005 intact mass analysis 986:1005 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 11 15 from CONCLUSION 1886:1895 arg1 study 1905:1909 this study 1900:1909 this study 1900:1909 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 9 16 theme oligomer 1600:1607 arg1 analysis 1617:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 17 theme high 1717:1720 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 1 18 dep characterization 295:310 arg1 trace 315:319 trace 315:319 to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 312:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 10 19 theme potency 1802:1808 arg1 term 1794:1797 term 1794:1797 term of potency of reference product and SB005 1794:1839 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 12 20 theme high 2245:2248 arg1 degree 2250:2255 a high degree 2243:2255 a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market 2243:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 0 21 theme recombinant 31:41 arg1 hCG 43:45 recombinant hCG 31:45 recombinant hCG 31:45 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 1 22 theme stepwise 140:147 arg1 approach 149:156 a stepwise approach 138:156 a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 138:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 12 23 theme produced 2225:2232 arg1 rhCG 2234:2237 house produced rhCG 2219:2237 house produced rhCG 2219:2237 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 9 24 theme liquid 1734:1739 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 3 25 theme follicular 660:669 arg1 maturation 671:680 final follicular maturation 654:680 final follicular maturation 654:680 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 11 26 theme primary 2057:2063 arg1 structure 2079:2087 its primary, higher order structure 2053:2087 its primary, higher order structure 2053:2087 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 5 27 theme MATERIALS 931:939 arg1 structure 961:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 11 28 theme analytical 1928:1937 arg1 similarity 1939:1948 analytical similarity 1928:1948 analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product 1928:2035 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 5 29 theme METHODS 945:951 arg1 structure 961:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 11 30 theme sialyation 2132:2141 arg1 pattern 2143:2149 sialyation pattern 2132:2149 sialyation pattern 2132:2149 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 8 31 theme glycosylation 1453:1465 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 8 31 theme glycosylation 1453:1465 arg1 point 1444:1448 point 1444:1448 point of glycosylation 1444:1465 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 4 32 from induction 804:812 arg1 patients 864:871 ovulatory infertile patients 844:871 ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure 844:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 5 33 theme peptide 1008:1014 arg1 fingerprinting 1016:1029 peptide fingerprinting 1008:1029 peptide fingerprinting 1008:1029 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 12 34 theme house 2219:2223 arg1 rhCG 2234:2237 house produced rhCG 2219:2237 house produced rhCG 2219:2237 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 4 35 theme ovulation 817:825 arg1 induction 804:812 the induction 800:812 the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure 800:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 2 36 theme recombinant 453:463 arg1 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 36 theme recombinant 453:463 arg1 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 36 theme recombinant 453:463 arg1 gonadotropin 481:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin 453:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) 453:499 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 9 37 theme phase 1711:1715 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 6 38 theme circular 1130:1137 arg1 dichroism 1139:1147 circular dichroism 1130:1147 circular dichroism 1130:1147 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 10 39 dep in 1856:1857 arg1 vivo 1859:1862 vivo 1859:1862 vivo 1859:1862 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 7 40 theme reference 1264:1272 arg1 product 1274:1280 reference product 1264:1280 reference product 1264:1280 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 9 41 theme performance 1722:1732 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 8 42 theme ultra 1499:1503 arg1 chromatography 1524:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 10 43 theme SB005 1835:1839 arg1 potency 1802:1808 potency 1802:1808 potency of reference product and SB005 1802:1839 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 8 44 theme liquid 1517:1522 arg1 chromatography 1524:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 2 45 theme chorionic 471:479 arg1 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 45 theme chorionic 471:479 arg1 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 45 theme chorionic 471:479 arg1 gonadotropin 481:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin 453:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) 453:499 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 9 46 theme Product 1565:1571 arg1 impurities 1581:1590 Product related impurities 1565:1590 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities 1565:1648 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 46 theme Product 1565:1571 arg1 impurities 1639:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 46 theme Product 1565:1571 arg1 analysis 1617:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 0 47 theme hCG 43:45 arg1 characterization 11:26 Analytical characterization 0:26 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG 0:45 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 0 47 theme hCG 43:45 arg1 studies 63:69 comparative studies 51:69 comparative studies with reference product 51:92 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 5 48 theme coverage 1073:1080 arg1 analysis 1082:1089 sequence coverage analysis 1064:1089 sequence coverage analysis 1064:1089 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 6 49 theme Higher 1092:1097 arg1 structure 1105:1113 Higher order structure 1092:1113 Higher order structure 1092:1113 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 0 50 theme comparative 51:61 arg1 studies 63:69 comparative studies 51:69 comparative studies with reference product 51:92 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 8 51 theme acid 1550:1553 arg1 analysis 1555:1562 sialic acid analysis 1543:1562 sialic acid analysis 1543:1562 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 4 52 theme infertile 854:862 arg1 patients 864:871 ovulatory infertile patients 844:871 ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure 844:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 10 53 theme in 1856:1857 arg1 analysis 1864:1871 in vivo analysis 1856:1871 in vivo analysis 1856:1871 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 12 54 from available 2324:2332 arg1 market 2341:2346 the market 2337:2346 the market 2337:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 1 55 theme functional 269:278 arg1 characterization 295:310 functional and structural characterization 269:310 functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 269:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 5 56 theme mass 1040:1043 arg1 fingerprinting 1045:1058 peptide mass fingerprinting 1032:1058 peptide mass fingerprinting 1032:1058 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 6 57 theme fluorescence 1184:1195 arg1 spectroscopy 1197:1208 fluorescence spectroscopy 1184:1208 fluorescence spectroscopy 1184:1208 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 3 58 theme infertile 706:714 arg1 women 716:720 infertile women 706:720 infertile women 706:720 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 4 59 theme ovulatory 844:852 arg1 patients 864:871 ovulatory infertile patients 844:871 ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure 844:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 11 60 theme order 2073:2077 arg1 structure 2079:2087 its primary, higher order structure 2053:2087 its primary, higher order structure 2053:2087 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 9 61 theme related 1573:1579 arg1 impurities 1581:1590 Product related impurities 1565:1590 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities 1565:1648 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 61 theme related 1573:1579 arg1 impurities 1639:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 61 theme related 1573:1579 arg1 analysis 1617:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 1 62 theme structural 284:293 arg1 characterization 295:310 functional and structural characterization 269:310 functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 269:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 7 63 theme zone 1359:1362 arg1 electrophoresis 1364:1378 capillary zone electrophoresis 1349:1378 capillary zone electrophoresis 1349:1378 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 3 64 theme reproductive 742:753 arg1 technology 755:764 assisted reproductive technology 733:764 assisted reproductive technology program 733:772 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 12 65 theme reference 2306:2314 arg1 product 2316:2322 the reference product 2302:2322 the reference product available in the market 2302:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 2 66 theme comparative 401:411 arg1 attributes 439:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes 397:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, 397:507 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 4 67 theme ovarian 914:920 arg1 failure 922:928 ovarian failure 914:928 ovarian failure 914:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 12 68 with similarity 2286:2295 arg1 product 2316:2322 the reference product 2302:2322 the reference product available in the market 2302:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 1 69 theme proposed 200:207 arg1 product 245:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product 198:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 198:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 10 70 theme Biological 1771:1780 arg1 activity 1782:1789 Biological activity 1771:1789 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 1771:1839 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 3 71 theme program 766:772 arg1 part 725:728 part 725:728 part of assisted reproductive technology program 725:772 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 12 72 theme structural 2260:2269 arg1 similarity 2286:2295 structural and functional similarity 2260:2295 structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market 2260:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 11 73 theme in 2172:2173 arg1 efficacy 2180:2187 in vivo efficacy 2172:2187 in vivo efficacy 2172:2187 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 1 74 theme biological 234:243 arg1 product 245:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product 198:251 a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy 198:383 INTRODUCTION Regulatory agencies recommend a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar and reference biological product emphasizing for functional and structural characterization to trace if there is any difference which may impact safety and efficacy. 29430170 6 75 theme disulfide 1215:1223 arg1 analysis 1232:1239 disulfide bridge analysis 1215:1239 disulfide bridge analysis 1215:1239 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 9 76 theme exclusion 1674:1682 arg1 chromatography 1684:1697 size exclusion chromatography 1669:1697 size exclusion chromatography 1669:1697 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 11 77 theme recombinant 1953:1963 arg1 rhCG 1965:1968 recombinant rhCG 1953:1968 recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals 1953:2008 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 11 77 theme recombinant 1953:1963 arg1 SB005 1971:1975 SB005 1971:1975 SB005 1971:1975 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 11 78 theme charge 2100:2105 arg1 variants 2107:2114 charge variants 2100:2114 charge variants 2100:2114 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 9 79 theme content 1609:1615 arg1 analysis 1617:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 oligomer content analysis 1600:1624 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 3 80 theme Drug 613:616 arg1 Administration 618:631 Drug Administration 613:631 Drug Administration 613:631 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 5 81 theme Primary 953:959 arg1 structure 961:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure 931:969 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 12 82 contain has 2239:2241 arg2 degree 2250:2255 a high degree 2243:2255 a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market 2243:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 12 82 contain has 2239:2241 arg1 the 2212:2214 the 2212:2214 the 2212:2214 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 4 83 theme pregnancy 831:839 arg1 induction 804:812 the induction 800:812 the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure 800:928 It is also indicated for the induction of ovulation and pregnancy in ovulatory infertile patients whose cause of infertility is not due to ovarian failure. 29430170 3 84 theme final 654:658 arg1 maturation 671:680 final follicular maturation 654:680 final follicular maturation 654:680 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 11 85 with similarity 1939:1948 arg1 product 2029:2035 the reference product 2015:2035 the reference product 2015:2035 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 12 86 theme functional 2275:2284 arg1 similarity 2286:2295 structural and functional similarity 2260:2295 structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market 2260:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 8 87 theme N-glycan 1410:1417 arg1 mapping 1419:1425 N-glycan mapping 1410:1425 N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis 1410:1562 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 11 88 theme Sun 1990:1992 arg1 Pharmaceuticals 1994:2008 Sun Pharmaceuticals 1990:2008 Sun Pharmaceuticals 1990:2008 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 0 89 theme reference 76:84 arg1 product 86:92 reference product 76:92 reference product 76:92 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 11 90 dep in 2172:2173 arg1 vivo 2175:2178 vivo 2175:2178 vivo 2175:2178 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 11 91 from RESULTS 1874:1880 arg1 study 1905:1909 this study 1900:1909 this study 1900:1909 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 3 92 from approved 577:584 arg1 2000 589:592 2000 589:592 2000 589:592 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 9 93 theme size 1669:1672 arg1 chromatography 1684:1697 size exclusion chromatography 1669:1697 size exclusion chromatography 1669:1697 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 10 94 theme product 1823:1829 arg1 potency 1802:1808 potency 1802:1808 potency of reference product and SB005 1802:1839 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 3 95 from 2000 589:592 arg1 approved 577:584 approved 577:584 approved 577:584 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 7 96 theme SB005 1286:1290 arg1 isoforms 1252:1259 Different isoforms 1242:1259 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 1242:1290 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 3 97 dep US 601:602 arg1 luteinization 689:701 early luteinization 683:701 early luteinization in infertile women 683:720 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 3 97 dep US 601:602 arg1 Food 604:607 Food 604:607 Food 604:607 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 3 97 dep US 601:602 arg1 Administration 618:631 Drug Administration 613:631 Drug Administration 613:631 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 12 98 from market 2341:2346 arg1 available 2324:2332 available 2324:2332 available 2324:2332 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 7 99 theme product 1274:1280 arg1 isoforms 1252:1259 Different isoforms 1242:1259 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 1242:1290 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 9 100 theme reverse 1703:1709 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1703:1754 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 9 101 theme oxidized 1630:1637 arg1 impurities 1639:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 oxidized impurities 1630:1648 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 29430170 10 102 theme reference 1813:1821 arg1 product 1823:1829 reference product 1813:1829 reference product 1813:1829 Biological activity in term of potency of reference product and SB005 was studied by in vivo analysis. 29430170 7 103 dep focusing 1336:1343 arg1 isoelectric 1324:1334 isoelectric 1324:1334 isoelectric 1324:1334 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 8 104 theme glycan 1477:1482 arg1 analysis 1484:1491 released glycan analysis 1468:1491 released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis 1468:1562 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 8 104 theme glycan 1477:1482 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 2 105 theme biological 428:437 arg1 attributes 439:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes 397:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, 397:507 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 7 106 theme Different 1242:1250 arg1 isoforms 1252:1259 Different isoforms 1242:1259 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 1242:1290 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 5 107 theme mass 993:996 arg1 analysis 998:1005 intact mass analysis 986:1005 intact mass analysis 986:1005 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 8 108 theme released 1468:1475 arg1 analysis 1484:1491 released glycan analysis 1468:1491 released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis 1468:1562 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 8 108 theme released 1468:1475 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 LC-ESI-MS 1433:1441 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 3 109 theme early 683:687 arg1 luteinization 689:701 early luteinization 683:701 early luteinization in infertile women 683:720 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 3 109 theme early 683:687 arg1 Food 604:607 Food 604:607 Food 604:607 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 12 110 theme similarity 2286:2295 arg1 degree 2250:2255 a high degree 2243:2255 a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market 2243:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 2 111 theme gonadotropin 481:492 arg1 attributes 439:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes 397:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, 397:507 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 5 112 theme sequence 1064:1071 arg1 analysis 1082:1089 sequence coverage analysis 1064:1089 sequence coverage analysis 1064:1089 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 6 113 theme order 1099:1103 arg1 structure 1105:1113 Higher order structure 1092:1113 Higher order structure 1092:1113 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 29430170 2 114 theme reference 514:522 arg1 Ovitrelle® 546:555 Ovitrelle® 546:555 Ovitrelle® 546:555 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 114 theme reference 514:522 arg1 Ovidrel® 533:540 Ovidrel® 533:540 Ovidrel® 533:540 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 114 theme reference 514:522 arg1 product 524:530 reference product 514:530 reference product 514:530 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 3 115 theme maturation 671:680 arg1 induction 641:649 the induction 637:649 the induction of final follicular maturation 637:680 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 8 116 theme performance 1505:1515 arg1 chromatography 1524:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1499:1537 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 2 117 theme human 465:469 arg1 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 rhCG 495:498 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 117 theme human 465:469 arg1 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 SB005 502:506 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 2 117 theme human 465:469 arg1 gonadotropin 481:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin 453:492 recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) 453:499 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 29430170 11 118 dep primary 2057:2063 arg1 higher 2066:2071 higher 2066:2071 higher 2066:2071 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In this study we have compared analytical similarity of recombinant rhCG (SB005) produced at Sun Pharmaceuticals with the reference product with respect to its primary, higher order structure, isoforms, charge variants, glycosylation, sialyation pattern, pharmacodynamic and in vivo efficacy. 29430170 12 119 theme available 2324:2332 arg1 product 2316:2322 the reference product 2302:2322 the reference product available in the market 2302:2346 Our studies show that the in house produced rhCG has a high degree of structural and functional similarity with the reference product available in the market. 29430170 0 120 with characterization 11:26 arg1 product 86:92 reference product 76:92 reference product 76:92 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 5 121 theme peptide 1032:1038 arg1 fingerprinting 1045:1058 peptide mass fingerprinting 1032:1058 peptide mass fingerprinting 1032:1058 MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 29430170 8 122 theme sialic 1543:1548 arg1 acid 1550:1553 sialic acid 1543:1553 sialic acid analysis 1543:1562 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography and sialic acid analysis. 29430170 0 123 with studies 63:69 arg1 product 86:92 reference product 76:92 reference product 76:92 Analytical characterization of recombinant hCG and comparative studies with reference product. 29430170 7 124 theme capillary 1349:1357 arg1 electrophoresis 1364:1378 capillary zone electrophoresis 1349:1378 capillary zone electrophoresis 1349:1378 Different isoforms of reference product and SB005 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 29430170 3 125 theme assisted 733:740 arg1 technology 755:764 assisted reproductive technology 733:764 assisted reproductive technology program 733:772 Recombiant hCG was approved in 2000 by the US Food and Drug Administration for the induction of final follicular maturation, early luteinization in infertile women as part of assisted reproductive technology program. 29430170 2 126 theme structural 413:422 arg1 attributes 439:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes 397:448 the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, 397:507 We studied the comparative structural and biological attributes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG), SB005, with reference product, Ovidrel® and Ovitrelle®. 31145803 4 0 from reduction 776:784 arg1 RG-I 789:792 RG-I 789:792 RG-I 789:792 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 4 1 theme mutant 699:704 arg1 phenotype 684:692 the mucilage phenotype 671:692 the mucilage phenotype of a mutant 671:704 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 6 2 theme mucilage 1245:1252 arg1 biosynthesis 1254:1265 mucilage biosynthesis 1245:1265 mucilage biosynthesis 1245:1265 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 9 3 theme important 1734:1742 arg1 changes 1744:1750 important changes 1734:1750 important changes 1734:1750 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 2 4 theme cellulose 363:371 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 4 theme cellulose 363:371 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 4 theme cellulose 363:371 arg1 amounts 352:358 low amounts 348:358 low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 348:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 4 theme cellulose 363:371 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 0 5 theme transcriptome 63:75 arg1 analysis 47:54 analysis 47:54 analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 47:130 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 0 6 from steps 4:8 arg1 biosynthesis 22:33 mucilage biosynthesis 13:33 mucilage biosynthesis 13:33 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 4 7 theme mechanisms 871:880 arg1 existence 845:853 the existence 841:853 the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2 841:911 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 9 8 theme gene 1755:1758 arg1 expression 1760:1769 gene expression 1755:1769 gene expression 1755:1769 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 3 9 theme simple 513:518 arg1 extractability 520:533 their simple extractability 507:533 their simple extractability 507:533 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 0 10 theme UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose 84:109 arg1 mutant 125:130 the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 80:130 the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 80:130 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 7 11 theme transporter 1438:1448 arg1 UUAT1 1450:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 12 theme extractability 520:533 arg1 composition 475:485 The pectin-rich composition 459:485 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability 459:533 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 2 13 theme unbranched 303:312 arg1 RG-I 336:339 RG-I 336:339 RG-I 336:339 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 13 theme unbranched 303:312 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan-I 314:333 unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I 303:333 unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) 303:340 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 7 14 theme UDP-arabinofuranose 1361:1379 arg1 transporter 1381:1391 a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter 1359:1391 a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter 1359:1391 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 15 theme good 558:561 arg1 candidate 563:571 a good candidate 556:571 a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification 556:646 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 7 16 theme UDP-uronic 1422:1431 arg1 UUAT1 1450:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 8 17 from changes 1545:1551 arg1 composition 1565:1575 mucilage composition 1556:1575 mucilage composition 1556:1575 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 8 17 from changes 1545:1551 arg1 structure 1581:1589 structure 1581:1589 structure 1581:1589 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 18 dep mucilage 494:501 arg1 the 490:492 the 490:492 the 490:492 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 1 19 theme Arabidopsis 169:179 arg1 seeds 190:194 Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 169:194 Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 169:194 Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. 31145803 0 20 theme transporter 111:121 arg1 mutant 125:130 the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 80:130 the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 80:130 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 9 21 from modifications 1795:1807 arg1 wall 1827:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 7 22 theme UUAT3 1398:1402 arg1 up-regulation 1335:1347 the up-regulation 1331:1347 the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1331:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 1 23 theme thaliana 181:188 arg1 seeds 190:194 Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 169:194 Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 169:194 Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. 31145803 2 24 theme galactan 449:456 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 24 theme galactan 449:456 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 24 theme galactan 449:456 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 4 25 theme compensation 858:869 arg1 mechanisms 871:880 compensation mechanisms 858:880 compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2 858:911 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 7 26 theme transporter 1381:1391 arg1 up-regulation 1335:1347 the up-regulation 1331:1347 the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1331:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 1 27 theme seeds 190:194 arg1 cells 160:164 epidermal cells 150:164 epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 150:194 Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. 31145803 0 28 theme New 0:2 arg1 steps 4:8 New steps 0:8 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis 0:33 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 7 29 located observed 1304:1311 arg2 changes 1296:1302 The changes 1292:1302 The changes observed in urgt2 1292:1320 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 7 29 located observed 1304:1311 arg1 urgt2 1316:1320 urgt2 1316:1320 urgt2 1316:1320 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 8 30 from Mutants 1516:1522 arg1 genes 1532:1536 both genes 1527:1536 both genes 1527:1536 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 0 31 theme mucilage 13:20 arg1 biosynthesis 22:33 mucilage biosynthesis 13:33 mucilage biosynthesis 13:33 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 5 32 theme possible 942:949 arg1 mechanisms 964:973 the possible compensation mechanisms 938:973 the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant 938:997 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 7 33 theme UAFT2 1352:1356 arg1 up-regulation 1335:1347 the up-regulation 1331:1347 the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1331:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 34 theme pectin-rich 463:473 arg1 composition 475:485 The pectin-rich composition 459:485 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability 459:533 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 2 35 theme galactoglucomannan 425:442 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 35 theme galactoglucomannan 425:442 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 35 theme galactoglucomannan 425:442 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 0 36 theme mutant 125:130 arg1 transcriptome 63:75 the transcriptome 59:75 the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant 59:130 New steps in mucilage biosynthesis revealed by analysis of the transcriptome of the UDP-rhamnose/UDP-galactose transporter 2 mutant. 31145803 5 37 theme compensation 951:962 arg1 mechanisms 964:973 the possible compensation mechanisms 938:973 the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant 938:997 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 2 38 theme xyloglucan 413:422 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 38 theme xyloglucan 413:422 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 38 theme xyloglucan 413:422 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 9 39 theme cell 1822:1825 arg1 wall 1827:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 4 40 theme UDP-rhamnose/galactose 713:734 arg1 transporter 736:746 UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 713:748 the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2) 709:756 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 4 40 theme UDP-rhamnose/galactose 713:734 arg1 URGT2 751:755 URGT2 751:755 URGT2 751:755 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 7 41 theme mucilage 1493:1500 arg1 biosynthesis 1502:1513 mucilage biosynthesis 1493:1513 mucilage biosynthesis 1493:1513 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 42 theme pectic 602:607 arg1 polysaccharides 609:623 pectic polysaccharides 602:623 pectic polysaccharides 602:623 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 8 43 theme mucilage 1626:1633 arg1 biosynthesis 1635:1646 mucilage biosynthesis 1626:1646 mucilage biosynthesis 1626:1646 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 4 44 theme mucilage 675:682 arg1 phenotype 684:692 the mucilage phenotype 671:692 the mucilage phenotype of a mutant 671:704 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 7 45 theme acid 1433:1436 arg1 UUAT1 1450:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1418:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 3 46 theme polysaccharides 609:623 arg1 biosynthesis 586:597 the biosynthesis 582:597 the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification 582:646 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 2 47 theme xylan 406:410 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 47 theme xylan 406:410 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 47 theme xylan 406:410 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 9 48 theme UDP-rhamnose/galactose 1691:1712 arg1 transporter 1714:1724 a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 1689:1724 a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 1689:1724 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 3 49 theme mucilage 494:501 arg1 composition 475:485 The pectin-rich composition 459:485 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability 459:533 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 5 50 theme developing 1041:1050 arg1 seeds 1052:1056 developing seeds 1041:1056 developing seeds 1041:1056 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 2 51 theme low 348:350 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 51 theme low 348:350 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 51 theme low 348:350 arg1 amounts 352:358 low amounts 348:358 low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 348:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 51 theme low 348:350 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 5 52 theme transcriptome 1015:1027 arg1 analysis 1029:1036 a transcriptome analysis 1013:1036 a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds 1013:1056 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 5 53 theme seeds 1052:1056 arg1 analysis 1029:1036 a transcriptome analysis 1013:1036 a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds 1013:1056 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 3 54 theme modification 635:646 arg1 biosynthesis 586:597 the biosynthesis 582:597 the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification 582:646 The pectin-rich composition of the mucilage and their simple extractability makes this structure a good candidate to study the biosynthesis of pectic polysaccharides and their modification. 31145803 4 55 theme pleiotropic 809:819 arg1 changes 821:827 pleiotropic changes 809:827 pleiotropic changes 809:827 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 6 56 theme significant 1111:1121 arg1 misregulation 1123:1135 a significant misregulation 1109:1135 a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification 1109:1289 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 6 57 theme genes 1145:1149 arg1 misregulation 1123:1135 a significant misregulation 1109:1135 a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification 1109:1289 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 8 58 theme mucilage 1556:1563 arg1 composition 1565:1575 mucilage composition 1556:1575 mucilage composition 1556:1575 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 4 59 theme URGT2 907:911 arg1 lack 899:902 the lack 895:902 the lack of URGT2 895:911 Here, we characterize the mucilage phenotype of a mutant in the UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter 2 (URGT2), which exhibits a reduction in RG-I and also shows pleiotropic changes, suggesting the existence of compensation mechanisms triggered by the lack of URGT2. 31145803 6 60 theme them 1158:1161 arg1 them 1158:1161 them 1158:1161 them 1158:1161 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 6 60 theme them 1158:1161 arg1 37 1152:1153 37 1152:1153 37 1152:1153 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 6 60 theme them 1158:1161 arg1 genes 1145:1149 3149 genes 1140:1149 3149 genes 1140:1149 The results showed a significant misregulation of 3149 genes, 37 of them (out of the 75 genes described to date) encoding genes proposed to be involved in mucilage biosynthesis and/or its modification. 31145803 1 61 theme pectic 232:237 arg1 polysaccharides 239:253 pectic polysaccharides 232:253 pectic polysaccharides 232:253 Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. 31145803 5 62 theme RNA 1064:1066 arg1 RNA-seq 1080:1086 RNA-seq 1080:1086 RNA-seq 1080:1086 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 5 62 theme RNA 1064:1066 arg1 sequencing 1068:1077 RNA sequencing 1064:1077 RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) 1064:1087 To gain an insight into the possible compensation mechanisms activated in the mutant, we performed a transcriptome analysis of developing seeds using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 31145803 2 63 theme Arabidopsis 260:270 arg1 mucilage 272:279 The Arabidopsis mucilage 256:279 The Arabidopsis mucilage 256:279 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 8 64 from participation 1609:1621 arg1 biosynthesis 1635:1646 mucilage biosynthesis 1626:1646 mucilage biosynthesis 1626:1646 Mutants in both genes showed changes in mucilage composition and structure, confirming their participation in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 2 65 theme homogalacturonan 374:389 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 65 theme homogalacturonan 374:389 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 65 theme homogalacturonan 374:389 arg1 amounts 352:358 low amounts 348:358 low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 348:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 65 theme homogalacturonan 374:389 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 66 theme traces 396:401 arg1 traces 396:401 traces 396:401 traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 396:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 66 theme traces 396:401 arg1 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 cellulose 363:371 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 66 theme traces 396:401 arg1 amounts 352:358 low amounts 348:358 low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan 348:456 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 2 66 theme traces 396:401 arg1 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 homogalacturonan 374:389 The Arabidopsis mucilage is composed mainly of unbranched rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), with low amounts of cellulose, homogalacturonan, and traces of xylan, xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and galactan. 31145803 7 67 theme UUAT1 1450:1454 arg1 UUAT3 1398:1402 UUAT3 1398:1402 UUAT3 1398:1402 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 7 67 theme UUAT1 1450:1454 arg1 paralog 1407:1413 a paralog 1405:1413 a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1 1405:1454 The changes observed in urgt2 included the up-regulation of UAFT2, a UDP-arabinofuranose transporter, and UUAT3, a paralog of the UDP-uronic acid transporter UUAT1, suggesting that they play a role in mucilage biosynthesis. 31145803 9 68 theme plant 1816:1820 arg1 wall 1827:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 the plant cell wall 1812:1830 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 31145803 1 69 theme epidermal 150:158 arg1 cells 160:164 epidermal cells 150:164 epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds 150:194 Upon imbibition, epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds release a mucilage formed mostly by pectic polysaccharides. 31145803 9 70 theme gene 1853:1856 arg1 lack 1843:1846 the lack 1839:1846 the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis 1839:1885 Our results suggest that plants lacking a UDP-rhamnose/galactose transporter undergo important changes in gene expression, probably to compensate modifications in the plant cell wall due to the lack of a gene involved in its biosynthesis. 29856206 9 0 theme contaminants 1616:1627 arg1 sensors 1629:1635 pharmaceutical contaminants sensors 1601:1635 pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications 1601:1677 These results indicate that Steglich esterification method may be applied in fabricating pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications. 29856206 3 1 theme chemical 551:558 arg1 attachment 560:569 appropriate chemical attachment 539:569 appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) 539:635 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 9 2 theme Steglich 1540:1547 arg1 method 1564:1569 Steglich esterification method 1540:1569 Steglich esterification method 1540:1569 These results indicate that Steglich esterification method may be applied in fabricating pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications. 29856206 2 3 theme sensitive 288:296 arg1 detection 311:319 The sensitive and accurate detection 284:319 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen 284:349 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 4 4 theme types 689:693 arg1 investigation 667:679 a systematic investigation 654:679 a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 654:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 3 5 theme carbon 586:591 arg1 nanotubes 593:601 multiwalled carbon nanotubes 574:601 multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) 574:610 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 3 5 theme carbon 586:591 arg1 MWCNTs 604:609 MWCNTs 604:609 MWCNTs 604:609 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 6 6 theme wt 1081:1082 arg1 loading 1067:1073 moderate βCD loading 1054:1073 moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %) 1054:1085 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 6 theme wt 1081:1082 arg1 % 1084:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 1 7 theme great 172:176 arg1 importance 178:187 great importance 172:187 great importance 172:187 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 7 8 theme nM 1392:1393 arg1 limits 1370:1375 low detection limits 1356:1375 low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively 1356:1407 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 4 9 theme Steglich 806:813 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 9 theme Steglich 806:813 arg1 esterification 815:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 6 10 theme electron 1127:1134 arg1 transfer 1136:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 4 11 theme modified 698:705 arg1 MWCNT-βCD 707:715 modified MWCNT-βCD 698:715 modified MWCNT-βCD 698:715 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 3 12 theme β-cyclodextrin 616:629 arg1 attachment 560:569 appropriate chemical attachment 539:569 appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) 539:635 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 5 13 theme Steglich 835:842 arg1 esterification 844:857 The Steglich esterification 831:857 The Steglich esterification 831:857 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 5 13 theme Steglich 835:842 arg1 approach 873:880 a one-step approach 862:880 a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 862:935 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 4 14 theme systematic 656:665 arg1 investigation 667:679 a systematic investigation 654:679 a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 654:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 2 15 theme accurate 302:309 arg1 detection 311:319 The sensitive and accurate detection 284:319 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen 284:349 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 6 16 theme βCD 1063:1065 arg1 loading 1067:1073 moderate βCD loading 1054:1073 moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %) 1054:1085 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 16 theme βCD 1063:1065 arg1 % 1084:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 2 17 contain possess 411:417 arg1 materials 396:404 advanced sensing materials 379:404 advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path 379:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 2 17 contain possess 411:417 arg2 number 431:436 appropriate number 419:436 appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites 419:463 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 2 17 contain possess 411:417 arg2 path 496:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 4 18 theme physical 722:729 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 18 theme physical 722:729 arg1 mixing 731:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 1 19 theme acetaminophen 121:133 arg1 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 19 theme acetaminophen 121:133 arg1 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 19 theme acetaminophen 121:133 arg1 amount 111:116 trace amount 105:116 trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen 105:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 5 20 theme reaction 895:902 arg1 time 904:907 reaction time 895:907 reaction time 895:907 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 7 21 theme MWCNT 1204:1208 arg1 βCD 1176:1178 βCD 1176:1178 βCD 1176:1178 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 7 21 theme MWCNT 1204:1208 arg1 properties 1190:1199 redox properties 1184:1199 redox properties 1184:1199 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 8 22 theme detection 1435:1443 arg1 results 1445:1451 accurate detection results 1426:1451 accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples 1426:1509 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 0 23 theme Estrogen 81:88 arg1 Detection 50:58 Sensitive Detection 40:58 Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen 40:88 Tailoring MWCNTs and β-Cyclodextrin for Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen. 29856206 5 24 theme one-step 864:871 arg1 esterification 844:857 The Steglich esterification 831:857 The Steglich esterification 831:857 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 5 24 theme one-step 864:871 arg1 approach 873:880 a one-step approach 862:880 a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 862:935 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 5 25 dep shorter 887:893 arg1 lower 910:914 lower 910:914 lower 910:914 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 5 25 dep shorter 887:893 arg1 time 904:907 reaction time 895:907 reaction time 895:907 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 1 26 theme amount 111:116 arg1 Monitoring 91:100 Monitoring 91:100 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water 91:164 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 27 theme estrogen 139:146 arg1 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 27 theme estrogen 139:146 arg1 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 27 theme estrogen 139:146 arg1 amount 111:116 trace amount 105:116 trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen 105:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 8 28 theme compositions 1471:1482 arg1 results 1445:1451 accurate detection results 1426:1451 accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples 1426:1509 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 2 29 theme appropriate 419:429 arg1 number 431:436 appropriate number 419:436 appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites 419:463 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 2 30 theme conduction 485:494 arg1 path 496:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 5 31 with approach 873:880 arg1 temperature 925:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 7 32 theme host-guest 1150:1159 arg1 interaction 1161:1171 The host-guest interaction 1146:1171 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT 1146:1208 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 4 33 dep mixing 731:736 arg1 1 719:719 1 719:719 1 719:719 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 7 34 theme sex 1297:1299 arg1 hormone 1301:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 2 35 theme suitable 469:476 arg1 path 496:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 8 36 theme urine 1497:1501 arg1 samples 1503:1509 urine samples 1497:1509 urine samples 1497:1509 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 2 37 theme sites 459:463 arg1 path 496:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 2 37 theme sites 459:463 arg1 number 431:436 appropriate number 419:436 appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites 419:463 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 5 38 theme reaction 916:923 arg1 temperature 925:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 7 39 theme primary 1282:1288 arg1 hormone 1301:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 6 40 theme Steglich 1020:1027 arg1 esterification 1029:1042 Steglich esterification 1020:1042 Steglich esterification 1020:1042 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 0 41 theme Acetaminophen 63:75 arg1 Detection 50:58 Sensitive Detection 40:58 Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen 40:88 Tailoring MWCNTs and β-Cyclodextrin for Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen. 29856206 4 42 dep esterification 815:828 arg1 4 803:803 4 803:803 4 803:803 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 6 43 theme surface 1104:1110 arg1 area 1112:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 2 44 theme estrogen 342:349 arg1 detection 311:319 The sensitive and accurate detection 284:319 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen 284:349 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 6 45 theme large 1088:1092 arg1 area 1112:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 4 46 theme thionyl 765:771 arg1 esterification 782:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 46 theme thionyl 765:771 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 2 47 theme sensing 388:394 arg1 materials 396:404 advanced sensing materials 379:404 advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path 379:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 5 48 theme reagents 988:995 arg1 handling 953:960 handling 953:960 handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents 953:995 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 3 49 theme appropriate 539:549 arg1 attachment 560:569 appropriate chemical attachment 539:569 appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) 539:635 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 1 50 theme breast 255:260 arg1 cancers 275:281 breast and prostate cancers 255:281 cancers 275:281 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 7 51 theme sensitive 1218:1226 arg1 detection 1228:1236 sensitive detection 1218:1236 sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM 1218:1348 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 3 52 theme nanotubes 593:601 arg1 attachment 560:569 appropriate chemical attachment 539:569 appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) 539:635 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 1 53 theme prostate 266:273 arg1 cancers 275:281 breast and prostate cancers 255:281 cancers 275:281 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 7 54 theme low 1356:1358 arg1 limits 1370:1375 low detection limits 1356:1375 low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively 1356:1407 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 7 55 from detection 1228:1236 arg1 range 1317:1321 the range 1313:1321 the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM 1313:1348 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 3 56 theme multiwalled 574:584 arg1 nanotubes 593:601 multiwalled carbon nanotubes 574:601 multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) 574:610 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 3 56 theme multiwalled 574:584 arg1 MWCNTs 604:609 MWCNTs 604:609 MWCNTs 604:609 This can be achieved by implementing appropriate chemical attachment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD). 29856206 9 57 theme environmental 1652:1664 arg1 applications 1666:1677 environmental applications 1652:1677 environmental applications 1652:1677 These results indicate that Steglich esterification method may be applied in fabricating pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications. 29856206 7 58 theme properties 1190:1199 arg1 interaction 1161:1171 The host-guest interaction 1146:1171 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT 1146:1208 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 2 59 theme acetaminophen 324:336 arg1 detection 311:319 The sensitive and accurate detection 284:319 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen 284:349 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 6 60 theme fast 1122:1125 arg1 transfer 1136:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 7 61 theme detection 1360:1368 arg1 limits 1370:1375 low detection limits 1356:1375 low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively 1356:1407 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 4 62 dep esterification 782:795 arg1 3 762:762 3 762:762 3 762:762 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 7 63 theme μM 1347:1348 arg1 range 1317:1321 the range 1313:1321 the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM 1313:1348 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 5 64 theme shorter 887:893 arg1 temperature 925:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature 887:935 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 8 65 theme accurate 1426:1433 arg1 results 1445:1451 accurate detection results 1426:1451 accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples 1426:1509 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 4 66 theme reaction 750:757 arg1 " 758:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 7 67 theme acetaminophen 1241:1253 arg1 detection 1228:1236 sensitive detection 1218:1236 sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM 1218:1348 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 4 68 theme MWCNT-βCD 707:715 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 68 theme MWCNT-βCD 707:715 arg1 mixing 731:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 68 theme MWCNT-βCD 707:715 arg1 esterification 815:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 68 theme MWCNT-βCD 707:715 arg1 esterification 782:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 7 69 theme redox 1184:1188 arg1 properties 1190:1199 redox properties 1184:1199 redox properties 1184:1199 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 8 70 theme pharmaceutical 1456:1469 arg1 compositions 1471:1482 pharmaceutical compositions 1456:1482 pharmaceutical compositions 1456:1482 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 7 71 theme βCD 1176:1178 arg1 interaction 1161:1171 The host-guest interaction 1146:1171 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT 1146:1208 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 7 72 dep acetaminophen 1241:1253 arg1 E2 1274:1275 E2 1274:1275 E2 is a primary female sex hormone 1274:1307 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 4 73 theme click 744:748 arg1 " 758:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 6 74 contain possessed 1044:1052 arg2 area 1112:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 74 contain possessed 1044:1052 arg1 MWCNT-βCD 998:1006 MWCNT-βCD 998:1006 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification 998:1042 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 74 contain possessed 1044:1052 arg2 loading 1067:1073 moderate βCD loading 1054:1073 moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %) 1054:1085 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 74 contain possessed 1044:1052 arg2 transfer 1136:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 fast electron transfer 1122:1143 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 74 contain possessed 1044:1052 arg2 % 1084:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 7 75 theme female 1290:1295 arg1 hormone 1301:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 2 76 theme signal 478:483 arg1 path 496:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 suitable signal conduction path 469:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 2 77 theme materials 396:404 arg1 development 364:374 the development 360:374 the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path 360:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 8 78 from results 1445:1451 arg1 water 1487:1491 water 1487:1491 water 1487:1491 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 8 78 from results 1445:1451 arg1 samples 1503:1509 urine samples 1497:1509 urine samples 1497:1509 We demonstrated accurate detection results of pharmaceutical compositions in water and urine samples. 29856206 4 79 dep types 689:693 arg1 esterification 782:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 79 dep types 689:693 arg1 mixing 731:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 (1) physical mixing 718:736 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 79 dep types 689:693 arg1 " 758:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 (2) "click reaction" 739:758 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 79 dep types 689:693 arg1 esterification 815:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 (4) Steglich esterification 802:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 79 dep types 689:693 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 1 80 theme trace 105:109 arg1 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 estrogen 139:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 80 theme trace 105:109 arg1 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 acetaminophen 121:133 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 1 80 theme trace 105:109 arg1 amount 111:116 trace amount 105:116 trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen 105:146 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 6 81 theme moderate 1054:1061 arg1 loading 1067:1073 moderate βCD loading 1054:1073 moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %) 1054:1085 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 6 81 theme moderate 1054:1061 arg1 % 1084:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 5-10 wt % 1076:1084 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 2 82 theme analyte-capturing 441:457 arg1 sites 459:463 analyte-capturing sites 441:463 analyte-capturing sites 441:463 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 29856206 0 83 theme Sensitive 40:48 arg1 Detection 50:58 Sensitive Detection 40:58 Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen 40:88 Tailoring MWCNTs and β-Cyclodextrin for Sensitive Detection of Acetaminophen and Estrogen. 29856206 1 84 theme potential 206:214 arg1 links 216:220 their potential links 200:220 their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers 200:281 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 9 85 theme esterification 1549:1562 arg1 method 1564:1569 Steglich esterification method 1540:1569 Steglich esterification method 1540:1569 These results indicate that Steglich esterification method may be applied in fabricating pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications. 29856206 4 86 theme chloride 773:780 arg1 esterification 782:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 (3) thionyl chloride esterification 761:795 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 4 86 theme chloride 773:780 arg1 types 689:693 four types 684:693 four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification 684:828 Here, we report a systematic investigation of four types of modified MWCNT-βCD: (1) physical mixing, (2) "click reaction", (3) thionyl chloride esterification, and (4) Steglich esterification. 29856206 7 87 theme 17β-estradiol 1259:1271 arg1 detection 1228:1236 sensitive detection 1218:1236 sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM 1218:1348 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 9 88 theme pharmaceutical 1601:1614 arg1 sensors 1629:1635 pharmaceutical contaminants sensors 1601:1635 pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications 1601:1677 These results indicate that Steglich esterification method may be applied in fabricating pharmaceutical contaminants sensors for health and environmental applications. 29856206 7 89 dep E2 1274:1275 arg1 hormone 1301:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 a primary female sex hormone 1280:1307 The host-guest interaction of βCD and redox properties of MWCNT enabled sensitive detection of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol (E2 is a primary female sex hormone) in the range of 0.005-20 and 0.01-15 μM, with low detection limits of 3.3 and 2.5 nM, respectively. 29856206 6 90 theme effective 1094:1102 arg1 area 1112:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 large effective surface area 1088:1115 MWCNT-βCD prepared by Steglich esterification possessed moderate βCD loading (5-10 wt %), large effective surface area, and fast electron transfer. 29856206 1 91 theme gastrointestinal 225:240 arg1 diseases 242:249 gastrointestinal diseases 225:249 gastrointestinal diseases 225:249 Monitoring of trace amount of acetaminophen and estrogen in drinking water is of great importance because of their potential links to gastrointestinal diseases and breast and prostate cancers. 29856206 5 92 theme air/moisture-sensitive 965:986 arg1 reagents 988:995 air/moisture-sensitive reagents 965:995 air/moisture-sensitive reagents 965:995 The Steglich esterification is a one-step approach with shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and eliminates handling of air/moisture-sensitive reagents. 29856206 2 93 theme advanced 379:386 arg1 materials 396:404 advanced sensing materials 379:404 advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path 379:499 The sensitive and accurate detection of acetaminophen and estrogen requires the development of advanced sensing materials that possess appropriate number of analyte-capturing sites and suitable signal conduction path. 33463220 2 0 theme abnormal 553:560 arg1 drop 562:565 an abnormal drop 550:565 an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli 550:587 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 4 1 theme Carreau 925:931 arg1 model 933:937 the Carreau model 921:937 the Carreau model 921:937 The steady-shear flow data fitted the Carreau model. 33463220 8 2 theme F127 1459:1462 arg1 base 1471:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 7 3 theme CS 1286:1287 arg1 matrix 1289:1294 the CS matrix 1282:1294 the CS matrix 1282:1294 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix was assessed by measuring XRD, FTIR, and microscopy of the film prepared from the solutions. 33463220 8 4 theme F127 1465:1468 arg1 base 1471:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 6 5 theme GO 1139:1140 arg1 Addition 1127:1134 Addition 1127:1134 Addition of GO 1127:1140 Addition of GO significantly improved both ε' and ε″, indicating an improvement in the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions. 33463220 9 6 with composition 1651:1661 arg1 distribution 1689:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 5 7 theme acid 1079:1082 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 2 8 theme dynamic 574:580 arg1 moduli 582:587 the dynamic moduli 570:587 the dynamic moduli 570:587 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 8 9 theme 3D 1490:1491 arg1 application 1502:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 9 10 theme mg/mL 1727:1731 arg1 concentration 1736:1748 up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration 1717:1748 up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) 1717:1767 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 2 11 theme rheological 413:423 arg1 similar 495:501 similar 495:501 similar 495:501 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 2 11 theme rheological 413:423 arg1 behavior 425:432 the rheological behavior 409:432 the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions 409:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 5 12 from ε″ 1049:1050 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 5 13 theme property 951:958 arg1 measurement 960:970 Dielectric property measurement 940:970 Dielectric property measurement 940:970 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 8 14 theme accuracy 1563:1570 arg1 terms 1541:1545 terms 1541:1545 terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds) 1541:1634 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 15 theme rheological 187:197 arg1 behavior 214:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior 183:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 183:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 9 16 theme F127 1758:1761 arg1 base 1763:1766 F127 base 1758:1766 F127 base 1758:1766 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 8 17 theme shape 1576:1580 arg1 fidelity 1582:1589 shape fidelity 1576:1589 shape fidelity 1576:1589 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 18 theme dielectric 203:212 arg1 behavior 214:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior 183:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 183:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 2 19 theme acid 529:532 arg1 solution 534:541 the hydrochloric acid solution 512:541 the hydrochloric acid solution 512:541 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 9 20 dep ∼50 1723:1725 arg1 to 1720:1721 to 1720:1721 to 1720:1721 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 5 21 theme hydrochloric 1066:1077 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 hydrochloric acid solutions 1066:1092 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 8 22 theme printed 1598:1604 arg1 objects 1606:1612 the printed objects 1594:1612 the printed objects (films and scaffolds) 1594:1634 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 23 theme addition 137:144 arg1 effect 91:96 The effect 87:96 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 87:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 3 24 theme GO 760:761 arg1 concentrations 742:755 the loading concentrations 730:755 the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1% 730:780 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 2 25 theme lactic 457:462 arg1 solutions 469:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 6 26 theme solutions 1245:1253 arg1 properties 1225:1234 the dielectric properties 1210:1234 the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions 1210:1253 Addition of GO significantly improved both ε' and ε″, indicating an improvement in the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions. 33463220 3 27 dep °C. 675:677 arg1 Both 679:682 Both 679:682 Both 679:682 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 1 28 theme graphene 149:156 arg1 oxide 158:162 graphene oxide 149:162 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 149:178 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 2 29 theme acetic 446:451 arg1 solutions 469:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 6 30 theme dielectric 1214:1223 arg1 properties 1225:1234 the dielectric properties 1210:1234 the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions 1210:1253 Addition of GO significantly improved both ε' and ε″, indicating an improvement in the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions. 33463220 1 31 theme 3D 340:341 arg1 printing 343:350 3D printing 340:350 3D printing 340:350 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 9 32 theme potential 1820:1828 arg1 applications 1841:1852 potential biomedical applications 1820:1852 potential biomedical applications 1820:1852 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 8 33 contain containing 1439:1448 arg1 solution 1430:1437 CS solution 1427:1437 CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application 1427:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 8 33 contain containing 1439:1448 arg2 base 1471:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 34 dep oxide 158:162 arg1 GO 165:166 GO 165:166 GO 165:166 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 0 35 theme Rheological 0:10 arg1 Behavior 27:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior 0:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 0:85 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 1 36 theme concentration 101:113 arg1 effect 91:96 The effect 87:96 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 87:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 0 37 theme Dielectric 16:25 arg1 Behavior 27:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior 0:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 0:85 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 6 38 from improvement 1195:1205 arg1 properties 1225:1234 the dielectric properties 1210:1234 the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions 1210:1253 Addition of GO significantly improved both ε' and ε″, indicating an improvement in the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions. 33463220 1 39 theme temperature 116:126 arg1 effect 91:96 The effect 87:96 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 87:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 2 40 theme CS 440:441 arg1 similar 495:501 similar 495:501 similar 495:501 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 2 40 theme CS 440:441 arg1 behavior 425:432 the rheological behavior 409:432 the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions 409:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 2 41 theme tested 386:391 arg1 solutions 398:406 tested acid solutions 386:406 tested acid solutions 386:406 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 7 42 theme film 1355:1358 arg1 FTIR 1327:1330 FTIR 1327:1330 FTIR 1327:1330 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix was assessed by measuring XRD, FTIR, and microscopy of the film prepared from the solutions. 33463220 7 42 theme film 1355:1358 arg1 microscopy 1337:1346 microscopy 1337:1346 microscopy 1337:1346 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix was assessed by measuring XRD, FTIR, and microscopy of the film prepared from the solutions. 33463220 7 42 theme film 1355:1358 arg1 XRD 1322:1324 XRD 1322:1324 XRD 1322:1324 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix was assessed by measuring XRD, FTIR, and microscopy of the film prepared from the solutions. 33463220 4 43 theme steady-shear 891:902 arg1 data 909:912 The steady-shear flow data 887:912 The steady-shear flow data 887:912 The steady-shear flow data fitted the Carreau model. 33463220 2 44 from drop 562:565 arg1 moduli 582:587 the dynamic moduli 570:587 the dynamic moduli 570:587 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 0 45 theme Hydrogels 76:84 arg1 Behavior 27:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior 0:34 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 0:85 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 8 46 from results 1530:1536 arg1 terms 1541:1545 terms 1541:1545 terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds) 1541:1634 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 0 47 theme Chitosan/Graphene 52:68 arg1 Hydrogels 76:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 5 48 theme loss 1036:1039 arg1 ε″ 1049:1050 ε″ 1049:1050 ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions 1049:1092 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 5 48 theme loss 1036:1039 arg1 factor 1041:1046 the loss factor 1032:1046 the loss factor 1032:1046 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 3 49 theme gel 632:634 arg1 point 636:640 a distinct gel point 621:640 a distinct gel point for the CS solutions 621:661 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 9 50 theme particle 1680:1687 arg1 distribution 1689:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 1 51 theme chitosan 226:233 arg1 solutions 240:248 chitosan (CS) solutions 226:248 chitosan (CS) solutions 226:248 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 2 52 theme 1 437:437 arg1 % 438:438 % 438:438 % 438:438 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 3 53 theme CS 650:651 arg1 solutions 653:661 the CS solutions 646:661 the CS solutions 646:661 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 1 54 from effect 91:96 arg1 behavior 214:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior 183:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 183:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 8 55 theme pluronic 1450:1457 arg1 base 1471:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 pluronic F127 (F127) base 1450:1474 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 56 theme solutions 240:248 arg1 behavior 214:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior 183:221 the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, 183:365 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 8 57 theme positive 1521:1528 arg1 results 1530:1536 positive results 1521:1536 positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds) 1521:1634 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 9 58 theme optimized 1641:1649 arg1 composition 1651:1661 The optimized composition 1637:1661 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution 1637:1700 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 1 59 theme blend 289:293 arg1 materials 295:303 the blend materials 285:303 the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging 285:364 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 1 60 theme nanosheets 169:178 arg1 concentration 101:113 concentration 101:113 concentration 101:113 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 1 60 theme nanosheets 169:178 arg1 addition 137:144 the addition 133:144 the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 133:178 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 1 60 theme nanosheets 169:178 arg1 temperature 116:126 temperature 116:126 temperature 116:126 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 7 61 theme GO 1274:1275 arg1 dispersion 1260:1269 The dispersion 1256:1269 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix 1256:1294 The dispersion of GO into the CS matrix was assessed by measuring XRD, FTIR, and microscopy of the film prepared from the solutions. 33463220 8 62 theme printing 1554:1561 arg1 accuracy 1563:1570 printing accuracy 1554:1570 printing accuracy 1554:1570 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 9 63 theme base 1763:1766 arg1 w/v 1751:1753 w/v 1751:1753 w/v of F127 base 1751:1766 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 9 64 dep concentration 1736:1748 arg1 GO 1733:1734 GO 1733:1734 GO 1733:1734 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 9 64 dep concentration 1736:1748 arg1 w/v 1751:1753 w/v 1751:1753 w/v of F127 base 1751:1766 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 2 65 theme hydrochloric 516:527 arg1 solution 534:541 the hydrochloric acid solution 512:541 the hydrochloric acid solution 512:541 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 8 66 theme fidelity 1582:1589 arg1 terms 1541:1545 terms 1541:1545 terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds) 1541:1634 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 5 67 theme Dielectric 940:949 arg1 measurement 960:970 Dielectric property measurement 940:970 Dielectric property measurement 940:970 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 9 68 theme homogeneous 1668:1678 arg1 distribution 1689:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 homogeneous particle distribution 1668:1700 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 3 69 theme solutions 705:713 arg1 G″ 695:696 G″ 695:696 G″ of the solutions 695:713 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 6 70 theme CS/GO 1239:1243 arg1 solutions 1245:1253 CS/GO solutions 1239:1253 CS/GO solutions 1239:1253 Addition of GO significantly improved both ε' and ε″, indicating an improvement in the dielectric properties of CS/GO solutions. 33463220 1 71 theme various 309:315 arg1 applications 317:328 various applications 309:328 various applications including 3D printing and packaging 309:364 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 1 71 theme various 309:315 arg1 printing 343:350 3D printing 340:350 3D printing 340:350 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 1 71 theme various 309:315 arg1 packaging 356:364 packaging 356:364 packaging 356:364 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 8 72 theme objects 1606:1612 arg1 fidelity 1582:1589 shape fidelity 1576:1589 shape fidelity 1576:1589 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 8 72 theme objects 1606:1612 arg1 accuracy 1563:1570 printing accuracy 1554:1570 printing accuracy 1554:1570 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 1 73 theme oxide 158:162 arg1 nanosheets 169:178 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 149:178 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 149:178 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 2 74 from behavior 425:432 arg1 solutions 469:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 8 75 dep accuracy 1563:1570 arg1 the 1550:1552 the 1550:1552 the 1550:1552 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 3 76 theme loading 734:740 arg1 concentrations 742:755 the loading concentrations 730:755 the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1% 730:780 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 2 77 theme acid 464:467 arg1 solutions 469:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 acetic and lactic acid solutions 446:477 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 9 78 theme biomedical 1830:1839 arg1 applications 1841:1852 potential biomedical applications 1820:1852 potential biomedical applications 1820:1852 The optimized composition with homogeneous particle distribution indicated that up to ∼50 mg/mL GO concentration (w/v of F127 base) was suitable to print both films and scaffolds for potential biomedical applications. 33463220 5 79 theme dielectric 1004:1013 arg1 ε 1025:1025 ε' 1025:1026 ε' 1025:1026 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 5 79 theme dielectric 1004:1013 arg1 constant 1015:1022 the dielectric constant 1000:1022 the dielectric constant 1000:1022 Dielectric property measurement further confirmed that both the dielectric constant, ε' and the loss factor, ε″ for the CS in hydrochloric acid solutions behaved differently from others. 33463220 4 80 theme flow 904:907 arg1 data 909:912 The steady-shear flow data 887:912 The steady-shear flow data 887:912 The steady-shear flow data fitted the Carreau model. 33463220 3 81 theme Oscillatory 590:600 arg1 rheology 602:609 Oscillatory rheology 590:609 Oscillatory rheology 590:609 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 2 82 theme acid 393:396 arg1 solutions 398:406 tested acid solutions 386:406 tested acid solutions 386:406 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 0 83 theme 3D-Printable 39:50 arg1 Hydrogels 76:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 2 84 dep found 483:487 arg1 whereas 504:510 whereas 504:510 whereas 504:510 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 3 85 theme loading 816:822 arg1 consistent 854:863 consistent 854:863 consistent 854:863 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 3 85 theme loading 816:822 arg1 concentration 824:836 the loading concentration 812:836 the loading concentration 812:836 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 2 86 theme % 438:438 arg1 CS 440:441 1% CS 437:441 1% CS 437:441 Among tested acid solutions, the rheological behavior of 1% CS in acetic and lactic acid solutions was found to be similar, whereas the hydrochloric acid solution showed an abnormal drop in the dynamic moduli. 33463220 0 87 theme Oxide 70:74 arg1 Hydrogels 76:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels 39:84 Rheological and Dielectric Behavior of 3D-Printable Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Hydrogels. 33463220 8 88 theme GO 1419:1420 arg1 inclusion 1406:1414 the inclusion 1402:1414 the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application 1402:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 3 89 theme distinct 623:630 arg1 point 636:640 a distinct gel point 621:640 a distinct gel point for the CS solutions 621:661 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 1 90 theme materials 295:303 arg1 formation 272:280 the formation 268:280 the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging 268:364 The effect of concentration, temperature, and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the rheological and dielectric behavior of chitosan (CS) solutions, which influences the formation of the blend materials for various applications including 3D printing and packaging, was studied. 33463220 3 91 theme % 842:842 arg1 consistent 854:863 consistent 854:863 consistent 854:863 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 3 91 theme % 842:842 arg1 concentration 824:836 the loading concentration 812:836 the loading concentration 812:836 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 8 92 dep objects 1606:1612 arg1 scaffolds 1625:1633 scaffolds 1625:1633 scaffolds 1625:1633 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 8 92 dep objects 1606:1612 arg1 films 1615:1619 films 1615:1619 films 1615:1619 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 8 93 theme CS 1427:1428 arg1 solution 1430:1437 CS solution 1427:1437 CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application 1427:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 8 94 theme potential 1480:1488 arg1 application 1502:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 33463220 3 95 with consistent 854:863 arg1 observation 874:884 AFM observation 870:884 AFM observation 870:884 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 3 96 theme AFM 870:872 arg1 observation 874:884 AFM observation 870:884 AFM observation 870:884 Oscillatory rheology confirmed a distinct gel point for the CS solutions at below 10 °C. Both the G' and G″ of the solutions increased with the loading concentrations of GO between 0.5 and 1%, and it marginally dropped at the loading concentration of 2%, which is consistent with AFM observation. 33463220 8 97 theme printing 1493:1500 arg1 application 1502:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 potential 3D printing application 1480:1512 Furthermore, the inclusion of GO into CS solution containing pluronic F127 (F127) base for potential 3D printing application showed positive results in terms of the printing accuracy and shape fidelity of the printed objects (films and scaffolds). 31660297 5 0 theme multiple 764:771 arg1 slides 780:785 multiple tissue slides 764:785 multiple tissue slides 764:785 Overall, the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides takes a day per biomolecule class. 31660297 7 1 theme tissue 998:1003 arg1 analysis 1005:1012 wet tissue analysis 994:1012 wet tissue analysis 994:1012 Compared to wet tissue analysis, this method requires less time by a factor of two. 31660297 5 2 theme tissue 773:778 arg1 slides 780:785 multiple tissue slides 764:785 multiple tissue slides 764:785 Overall, the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides takes a day per biomolecule class. 31660297 6 3 theme disaccharides 905:917 arg1 separation 934:943 subsequent separation 923:943 subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography 923:979 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 6 3 theme disaccharides 905:917 arg1 digestion 863:871 simultaneous digestion 850:871 simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides 850:917 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 1 4 theme serial 158:163 arg1 digestions 172:181 serial enzyme digestions 158:181 serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 158:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 3 5 theme typical 360:366 arg1 experiment 368:377 a typical experiment 358:377 a typical experiment 358:377 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 6 6 theme HS 902:903 arg1 disaccharides 905:917 small HS disaccharides 896:917 small HS disaccharides 896:917 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 8 7 theme lower 1158:1162 arg1 depth 1164:1168 lower depth 1158:1168 lower depth of coverage 1158:1180 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 6 8 theme small 896:900 arg1 disaccharides 905:917 small HS disaccharides 896:917 small HS disaccharides 896:917 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 2 9 theme glycans 272:278 arg1 abundances 244:253 The abundances 240:253 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides 240:291 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides are determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 31660297 4 10 from application 675:685 arg1 surface 711:717 the tissue surface 700:717 the tissue surface 700:717 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 2 11 theme liquid 314:319 arg1 spectrometry 341:352 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 314:352 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 314:352 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides are determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 31660297 5 12 theme sample 733:738 arg1 process 752:758 the sample preparation process 729:758 the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides 729:785 Overall, the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides takes a day per biomolecule class. 31660297 8 13 theme coverage 1173:1180 arg1 depth 1164:1168 lower depth 1158:1168 lower depth of coverage 1158:1180 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 4 14 theme enzymatic 620:628 arg1 digestion 630:638 Each enzymatic digestion 615:638 Each enzymatic digestion 615:638 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 2 15 theme extracted 262:270 arg1 glycans 272:278 the extracted glycans 258:278 the extracted glycans 258:278 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides are determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 31660297 3 16 from brain 608:612 arg1 slide 593:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide 571:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 571:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 16 from brain 608:612 arg1 surface 560:566 the surface 556:566 the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 556:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 1 17 theme enzyme 165:170 arg1 digestions 172:181 serial enzyme digestions 158:181 serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 158:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 5 18 theme preparation 740:750 arg1 process 752:758 the sample preparation process 729:758 the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides 729:785 Overall, the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides takes a day per biomolecule class. 31660297 6 19 theme N-glycans 882:890 arg1 separation 934:943 subsequent separation 923:943 subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography 923:979 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 6 19 theme N-glycans 882:890 arg1 digestion 863:871 simultaneous digestion 850:871 simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides 850:917 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 9 20 theme glycan 1209:1214 arg1 substituents 1216:1227 fragile glycan substituents 1201:1227 fragile glycan substituents including sulfates 1201:1246 MALDI dissociates fragile glycan substituents including sulfates and is not recommended for analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). 31660297 9 20 theme glycan 1209:1214 arg1 sulfates 1239:1246 sulfates 1239:1246 sulfates 1239:1246 MALDI dissociates fragile glycan substituents including sulfates and is not recommended for analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). 31660297 5 21 theme biomolecule 803:813 arg1 class 815:819 biomolecule class 803:819 biomolecule class 803:819 Overall, the sample preparation process for multiple tissue slides takes a day per biomolecule class. 31660297 3 22 theme sulfate 451:457 arg1 disaccharides 459:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 0 23 theme tissue 9:14 arg1 digestion 16:24 On-slide tissue digestion 0:24 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry 0:46 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry based glycomic and proteomic profiling. 31660297 6 24 theme large 876:880 arg1 N-glycans 882:890 large N-glycans 876:890 large N-glycans 876:890 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 0 25 theme On-slide 0:7 arg1 digestion 16:24 On-slide tissue digestion 0:24 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry 0:46 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry based glycomic and proteomic profiling. 31660297 3 26 theme fresh 573:577 arg1 slide 593:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide 571:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 571:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 4 27 theme direct 668:673 arg1 application 675:685 direct application 668:685 direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface 668:717 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 9 28 theme fragile 1201:1207 arg1 substituents 1216:1227 fragile glycan substituents 1201:1227 fragile glycan substituents including sulfates 1201:1246 MALDI dissociates fragile glycan substituents including sulfates and is not recommended for analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). 31660297 9 28 theme fragile 1201:1207 arg1 sulfates 1239:1246 sulfates 1239:1246 sulfates 1239:1246 MALDI dissociates fragile glycan substituents including sulfates and is not recommended for analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). 31660297 2 29 theme peptides 284:291 arg1 abundances 244:253 The abundances 240:253 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides 240:291 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides are determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 31660297 8 30 theme proteins 1145:1152 arg1 resolution 1119:1128 higher spatial resolution 1104:1128 higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins 1104:1152 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 3 31 theme N-glycan 477:484 arg1 compositions 486:497 50 N-glycan compositions 474:497 50 N-glycan compositions 474:497 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 32 theme sulfate 413:419 arg1 disaccharides 421:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 33 theme slide 593:597 arg1 surface 560:566 the surface 556:566 the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 556:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 1 34 theme fresh 203:207 arg1 slides 232:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 0 35 theme mass 30:33 arg1 spectrometry 35:46 mass spectrometry 30:46 mass spectrometry 30:46 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry based glycomic and proteomic profiling. 31660297 6 36 theme exclusion 956:964 arg1 chromatography 966:979 size exclusion chromatography 951:979 size exclusion chromatography 951:979 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 7 37 theme two 1061:1063 arg1 factor 1051:1056 a factor 1049:1056 a factor of two 1049:1063 Compared to wet tissue analysis, this method requires less time by a factor of two. 31660297 6 38 theme simultaneous 850:861 arg1 digestion 863:871 simultaneous digestion 850:871 simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides 850:917 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 1 39 theme frozen 209:214 arg1 slides 232:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 6 40 theme size 951:954 arg1 chromatography 966:979 size exclusion chromatography 951:979 size exclusion chromatography 951:979 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 8 41 theme spatial 1111:1117 arg1 resolution 1119:1128 higher spatial resolution 1104:1128 higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins 1104:1152 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 3 42 theme chondroitin 439:449 arg1 disaccharides 459:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 43 theme frozen 579:584 arg1 slide 593:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide 571:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 571:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 44 theme heparan 405:411 arg1 disaccharides 421:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 8 45 theme higher 1104:1109 arg1 resolution 1119:1128 higher spatial resolution 1104:1128 higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins 1104:1152 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 3 46 theme tissue 586:591 arg1 slide 593:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide 571:597 a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain 571:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 1 47 from surface 192:198 arg1 digestions 172:181 serial enzyme digestions 158:181 serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 158:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 4 48 theme tissue 704:709 arg1 surface 711:717 the tissue surface 700:717 the tissue surface 700:717 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 3 49 from surface 560:566 arg1 brain 608:612 rat brain 604:612 rat brain 604:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 2 50 theme chromatography-mass 321:339 arg1 spectrometry 341:352 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 314:352 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 314:352 The abundances of the extracted glycans and peptides are determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 31660297 4 51 with overnight 653:661 arg1 application 675:685 direct application 668:685 direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface 668:717 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 1 52 theme proteomic 128:136 arg1 profiling 138:146 proteomic profiling 128:146 proteomic profiling 128:146 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 1 53 theme fixed 219:223 arg1 slides 232:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 0 54 theme proteomic 67:75 arg1 profiling 77:85 proteomic profiling 67:85 proteomic profiling 67:85 On-slide tissue digestion for mass spectrometry based glycomic and proteomic profiling. 31660297 9 55 theme glycosaminoglycans 1287:1304 arg1 analysis 1275:1282 analysis 1275:1282 analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 1275:1311 MALDI dissociates fragile glycan substituents including sulfates and is not recommended for analysis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). 31660297 3 56 theme rat 604:606 arg1 brain 608:612 rat brain 604:612 rat brain 604:612 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 4 57 theme enzyme 690:695 arg1 application 675:685 direct application 668:685 direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface 668:717 Each enzymatic digestion is incubated overnight with direct application of enzyme on the tissue surface. 31660297 1 58 theme tissue 225:230 arg1 slides 232:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 203:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 31660297 8 59 theme glycans 1133:1139 arg1 resolution 1119:1128 higher spatial resolution 1104:1128 higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins 1104:1152 By comparison, MALDI-imaging provides higher spatial resolution of glycans and proteins but lower depth of coverage. 31660297 6 60 theme subsequent 923:932 arg1 separation 934:943 subsequent separation 923:943 subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography 923:979 This protocol saves time by simultaneous digestion of large N-glycans and small HS disaccharides and subsequent separation using size exclusion chromatography. 31660297 7 61 theme wet 994:996 arg1 analysis 1005:1012 wet tissue analysis 994:1012 wet tissue analysis 994:1012 Compared to wet tissue analysis, this method requires less time by a factor of two. 31660297 3 62 theme 1.8 mm 538:543 arg1 circle 545:550 a 1.8 mm circle 536:550 a 1.8 mm circle 536:550 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 63 from circle 545:550 arg1 compositions 486:497 50 N-glycan compositions 474:497 50 N-glycan compositions 474:497 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 63 from circle 545:550 arg1 disaccharides 459:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides 436:471 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 63 from circle 545:550 arg1 proteins 522:529 approximately 1200 proteins 503:529 approximately 1200 proteins 503:529 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 3 63 from circle 545:550 arg1 disaccharides 421:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides 402:433 In a typical experiment, our method quantifies 14 heparan sulfate disaccharides, 11 chondroitin sulfate disaccharides, 50 N-glycan compositions and approximately 1200 proteins from a 1.8 mm circle, on the surface of a fresh frozen tissue slide from rat brain. 31660297 1 64 theme slides 232:237 arg1 surface 192:198 the surface 188:198 the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides 188:237 We describe a protocol for glycomic and proteomic profiling that uses serial enzyme digestions from the surface of fresh frozen or fixed tissue slides. 30051455 10 0 theme mechanical 1936:1945 arg1 function 1947:1954 mechanical function 1936:1954 mechanical function 1936:1954 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 2 1 theme product 407:413 arg1 development 415:425 product development 407:425 product development 407:425 A nondestructive solution to monitor tissue maturation would reduce costs and accelerate product development. 30051455 1 2 theme engineered 298:307 arg1 tissues 309:315 engineered tissues 298:315 engineered tissues 298:315 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 7 3 theme cartilage 1241:1249 arg1 matrix 1251:1256 cartilage matrix 1241:1256 cartilage matrix 1241:1256 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 8 4 theme Mean 1312:1315 arg1 lifetime 1330:1337 Mean fluorescence lifetime 1312:1337 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1312:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 5 theme nm 1382:1383 arg1 band 1394:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 5 theme nm 1382:1383 arg1 images 1366:1371 FLIm images 1361:1371 FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1361:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 10 6 theme optical 1753:1759 arg1 assessment 1761:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 5 7 theme fiber-coupled 946:958 arg1 properties 1033:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 5 7 theme fiber-coupled 946:958 arg1 system 968:973 a fiber-coupled optical system 944:973 a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS 944:997 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 8 8 theme lifetime 1330:1337 arg1 values 1339:1344 Mean fluorescence lifetime values 1312:1344 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1312:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 9 9 dep content 1656:1662 arg1 = 1678:1678 = 1678:1678 = 1678:1678 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 10 theme TRFS 1528:1531 arg1 measurements 1542:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements 1528:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) 1528:1596 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 11 with correlations 1625:1636 arg1 content 1656:1662 proteoglycan content 1643:1662 proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) 1643:1685 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 11 with correlations 1625:1636 arg1 R2 1715:1716 R2 1715:1716 R2 = 0.71 1715:1723 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 11 with correlations 1625:1636 arg1 properties 1703:1712 compressive properties 1691:1712 compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) 1691:1735 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 10 12 theme cartilage 1785:1793 arg1 assessment 1761:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 5 13 theme optical 919:925 arg1 properties 927:936 their optical properties 913:936 their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties 913:1042 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 8 14 theme FLIm 1361:1364 arg1 band 1394:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 14 theme FLIm 1361:1364 arg1 images 1366:1371 FLIm images 1361:1371 FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1361:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 9 15 theme p 1726:1726 arg1 < 1728:1728 p < 0.001 1726:1734 p < 0.001 1726:1734 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 10 16 theme FLIm- 1819:1823 arg1 parameters 1842:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 1 17 dep composition 270:280 arg1 the 266:268 the 266:268 the 266:268 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 9 18 dep strong 1608:1613 arg1 specific 1616:1623 specific 1616:1623 specific 1616:1623 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 11 19 theme clinical 2019:2026 arg1 settings 2028:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 These tools hold great potential for research, industrial and clinical settings. 30051455 8 20 theme collagen 1442:1449 arg1 R2 1460:1461 R2 1460:1461 R2 = 0.79 1460:1468 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 20 theme collagen 1442:1449 arg1 content 1451:1457 collagen content 1442:1457 collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) 1442:1480 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 1 21 theme Tissue 165:170 arg1 engineers 172:180 Tissue engineers 165:180 Tissue engineers 165:180 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 10 22 theme TRFS-derived 1829:1840 arg1 parameters 1842:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 9 23 theme 5 1582:1582 arg1 nm 1584:1585 nm 1584:1585 nm 1584:1585 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 8 24 theme = 1463:1463 arg1 R2 1460:1461 R2 1460:1461 R2 = 0.79 1460:1468 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 24 theme = 1463:1463 arg1 content 1451:1457 collagen content 1442:1457 collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) 1442:1480 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 0 25 theme matrix 106:111 arg1 depletion 113:121 cartilage matrix depletion 96:121 cartilage matrix depletion 96:121 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 8 26 dep properties 1494:1503 arg1 = 1519:1519 = 1519:1519 = 1519:1519 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 27 dep strong 1407:1412 arg1 specific 1415:1422 specific 1415:1422 specific 1415:1422 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 11 28 theme great 1974:1978 arg1 potential 1980:1988 great potential 1974:1988 great potential for research, industrial and clinical settings 1974:2035 These tools hold great potential for research, industrial and clinical settings. 30051455 8 29 theme < 1473:1473 arg1 p 1471:1471 p < 0.001 1471:1479 p < 0.001 1471:1479 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 0 30 theme time-resolved 49:61 arg1 spectroscopy 76:87 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 49:87 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 49:87 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 3 31 theme nondestructive 466:479 arg1 imaging 555:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging 520:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) 520:568 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 31 theme nondestructive 466:479 arg1 step 439:442 a first step 431:442 a first step toward this goal 431:459 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 31 theme nondestructive 466:479 arg1 spectroscopy 601:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 574:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) 574:619 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 31 theme nondestructive 466:479 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 0 32 theme Nondestructive 0:13 arg1 imaging 37:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 11 33 theme industrial 2004:2013 arg1 settings 2028:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 These tools hold great potential for research, industrial and clinical settings. 30051455 8 34 theme tensile 1486:1492 arg1 properties 1494:1503 tensile properties 1486:1503 tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02) 1486:1525 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 3 35 dep nondestructive 466:479 arg1 label-free 482:491 label-free 482:491 label-free 482:491 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 0 36 theme lifetime 28:35 arg1 imaging 37:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 3 37 theme fluorescence 588:599 arg1 TRFS 615:618 TRFS 615:618 TRFS 615:618 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 37 theme fluorescence 588:599 arg1 spectroscopy 601:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 574:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) 574:619 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 37 theme fluorescence 588:599 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 9 38 theme proteoglycan 1643:1654 arg1 content 1656:1662 proteoglycan content 1643:1662 proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) 1643:1685 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 7 39 from changes 1230:1236 arg1 matrix 1251:1256 cartilage matrix 1241:1256 cartilage matrix 1241:1256 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 9 40 dep R2 1715:1716 arg1 < 1728:1728 p < 0.001 1726:1734 p < 0.001 1726:1734 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 3 41 theme articular 719:727 arg1 cartilage 729:737 articular cartilage 719:737 articular cartilage 719:737 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 9 42 dep = 1718:1718 arg1 0.71 1720:1723 0.71 1720:1723 0.71 1720:1723 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 8 43 dep R2 1460:1461 arg1 p 1471:1471 p < 0.001 1471:1479 p < 0.001 1471:1479 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 44 theme = 1509:1509 arg1 R2 1506:1507 R2 1506:1507 R2 = 0.45 1506:1514 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 0 45 theme fluorescence 63:74 arg1 spectroscopy 76:87 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 49:87 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 49:87 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 9 46 theme = 1668:1668 arg1 R2 1665:1666 R2 1665:1666 R2 = 0.59 1665:1673 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 8 47 with correlations 1424:1435 arg1 properties 1494:1503 tensile properties 1486:1503 tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02) 1486:1525 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 47 with correlations 1424:1435 arg1 R2 1460:1461 R2 1460:1461 R2 = 0.79 1460:1468 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 47 with correlations 1424:1435 arg1 content 1451:1457 collagen content 1442:1457 collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) 1442:1480 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 10 48 theme biochemical 1908:1918 arg1 composition 1920:1930 tissue biochemical composition 1901:1930 tissue biochemical composition 1901:1930 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 4 49 theme matrix 866:871 arg1 compositions 873:884 matrix compositions 866:884 matrix compositions 866:884 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 3 50 theme fluorescent 534:544 arg1 imaging 555:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging 520:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) 520:568 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 50 theme fluorescent 534:544 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 50 theme fluorescent 534:544 arg1 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 10 51 theme Nondestructive 1738:1751 arg1 assessment 1761:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment 1738:1770 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 9 52 dep = 1668:1668 arg1 0.59 1670:1673 0.59 1670:1673 0.59 1670:1673 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 53 contain possessed 1598:1606 arg1 measurements 1542:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements 1528:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) 1528:1596 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 53 contain possessed 1598:1606 arg2 correlations 1625:1636 strong, specific correlations 1608:1636 strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) 1608:1735 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 7 54 link TRFS-derived 1187:1198 arg1 measurements 1200:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 10 55 theme articular 1775:1783 arg1 cartilage 1785:1793 articular cartilage 1775:1793 articular cartilage 1775:1793 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 1 56 theme tissues 309:315 arg1 function 286:293 function 286:293 function 286:293 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 1 56 theme tissues 309:315 arg1 composition 270:280 composition 270:280 composition 270:280 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 9 57 theme compressive 1691:1701 arg1 R2 1715:1716 R2 1715:1716 R2 = 0.71 1715:1723 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 57 theme compressive 1691:1701 arg1 properties 1703:1712 compressive properties 1691:1712 compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) 1691:1735 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 2 58 theme nondestructive 320:333 arg1 solution 335:342 A nondestructive solution 318:342 A nondestructive solution to monitor tissue maturation 318:371 A nondestructive solution to monitor tissue maturation would reduce costs and accelerate product development. 30051455 5 59 theme optical 960:966 arg1 properties 1033:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 5 59 theme optical 960:966 arg1 system 968:973 a fiber-coupled optical system 944:973 a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS 944:997 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 1 60 theme expensive 203:211 arg1 techniques 245:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 8 61 theme 375-410 1374:1380 arg1 nm 1382:1383 nm 1382:1383 nm 1382:1383 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 1 62 theme time-consuming 214:227 arg1 techniques 245:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 8 63 theme fluorescence 1317:1328 arg1 lifetime 1330:1337 Mean fluorescence lifetime 1312:1337 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1312:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 6 64 theme Single 1074:1079 arg1 correlations 1099:1110 Single and multivariable correlations 1074:1110 Single and multivariable correlations 1074:1110 Single and multivariable correlations were performed to evaluate relationships among these properties. 30051455 9 65 theme = 1718:1718 arg1 R2 1715:1716 R2 1715:1716 R2 = 0.71 1715:1723 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 65 theme = 1718:1718 arg1 properties 1703:1712 compressive properties 1691:1712 compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) 1691:1735 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 4 66 theme Enzymatic 740:748 arg1 treatments 750:759 Enzymatic treatments 740:759 Enzymatic treatments 740:759 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 7 67 theme TRFS-derived 1187:1198 arg1 measurements 1200:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 2 68 theme tissue 355:360 arg1 maturation 362:371 tissue maturation 355:371 tissue maturation 355:371 A nondestructive solution to monitor tissue maturation would reduce costs and accelerate product development. 30051455 9 69 theme lifetime 1533:1540 arg1 measurements 1542:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements 1528:1553 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) 1528:1596 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 9 70 dep = 1678:1678 arg1 R2 1665:1666 R2 1665:1666 R2 = 0.59 1665:1673 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 7 71 theme FLIm- 1177:1181 arg1 measurements 1200:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements 1177:1211 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 11 72 theme research 1994:2001 arg1 settings 2028:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 research, industrial and clinical settings 1994:2035 These tools hold great potential for research, industrial and clinical settings. 30051455 8 73 theme spectral 1385:1392 arg1 band 1394:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 375-410 nm spectral band 1374:1397 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 73 theme spectral 1385:1392 arg1 images 1366:1371 FLIm images 1361:1371 FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) 1361:1398 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 74 theme strong 1407:1412 arg1 correlations 1424:1435 strong, specific correlations 1407:1435 strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02) 1407:1525 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 8 75 dep = 1519:1519 arg1 R2 1506:1507 R2 1506:1507 R2 = 0.45 1506:1514 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 3 76 theme biochemical 678:688 arg1 properties 705:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties 674:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage 674:737 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 5 77 theme biochemical 1006:1016 arg1 properties 1033:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 5 77 theme biochemical 1006:1016 arg1 system 968:973 a fiber-coupled optical system 944:973 a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS 944:997 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 0 78 theme cartilage 96:104 arg1 depletion 113:121 cartilage matrix depletion 96:121 cartilage matrix depletion 96:121 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 10 79 theme parameters 1842:1851 arg1 combination 1804:1814 a combination 1802:1814 a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1802:1851 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 1 80 theme destructive 233:243 arg1 techniques 245:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques 203:254 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 8 81 dep = 1509:1509 arg1 0.45 1511:1514 0.45 1511:1514 0.45 1511:1514 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 9 82 theme nm 1584:1585 arg1 bandwidth 1587:1595 a 5 nm bandwidth 1580:1595 a 5 nm bandwidth 1580:1595 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 10 83 theme tissue 1901:1906 arg1 composition 1920:1930 tissue biochemical composition 1901:1930 tissue biochemical composition 1901:1930 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 10 84 link TRFS-derived 1829:1840 arg1 parameters 1842:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters 1819:1851 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 5 85 theme histological 1051:1062 arg1 staining 1064:1071 histological staining 1051:1071 histological staining 1051:1071 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 6 86 theme multivariable 1085:1097 arg1 correlations 1099:1110 Single and multivariable correlations 1074:1110 Single and multivariable correlations 1074:1110 Single and multivariable correlations were performed to evaluate relationships among these properties. 30051455 0 87 theme mechanical 142:151 arg1 properties 153:162 mechanical properties 142:162 mechanical properties 142:162 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 1 88 theme techniques 245:254 arg1 battery 192:198 a battery 190:198 a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues 190:315 Tissue engineers utilize a battery of expensive, time-consuming and destructive techniques to assess the composition and function of engineered tissues. 30051455 9 89 theme strong 1608:1613 arg1 correlations 1625:1636 strong, specific correlations 1608:1636 strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) 1608:1735 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 3 90 theme optical 493:499 arg1 imaging 555:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging 520:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) 520:568 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 90 theme optical 493:499 arg1 step 439:442 a first step 431:442 a first step toward this goal 431:459 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 90 theme optical 493:499 arg1 spectroscopy 601:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 574:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) 574:619 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 90 theme optical 493:499 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 0 91 theme fluorescence 15:26 arg1 imaging 37:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging 0:43 Nondestructive fluorescence lifetime imaging and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy detect cartilage matrix depletion and correlate with mechanical properties. 30051455 5 92 theme mechanical 1022:1031 arg1 properties 1033:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 their biochemical and mechanical properties 1000:1042 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 5 92 theme mechanical 1022:1031 arg1 system 968:973 a fiber-coupled optical system 944:973 a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS 944:997 Samples were assessed for their optical properties using a fiber-coupled optical system combining FLIm and TRFS, their biochemical and mechanical properties and by histological staining. 30051455 9 93 with nm 1571:1572 arg1 bandwidth 1587:1595 a 5 nm bandwidth 1580:1595 a 5 nm bandwidth 1580:1595 TRFS lifetime measurements centered at 520 nm (with a 5 nm bandwidth) possessed strong, specific correlations with proteoglycan content (R2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) and compressive properties (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). 30051455 4 94 theme collagen 818:825 arg1 cartilage 798:806 cartilage 798:806 cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan 798:841 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 7 95 theme biochemical 1292:1302 arg1 assays 1304:1309 mechanical and biochemical assays 1277:1309 mechanical and biochemical assays 1277:1309 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 4 96 used utilized 766:773 arg2 treatments 750:759 Enzymatic treatments 740:759 Enzymatic treatments 740:759 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 3 97 theme first 433:437 arg1 step 439:442 a first step 431:442 a first step toward this goal 431:459 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 97 theme first 433:437 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 4 98 theme proteoglycan 830:841 arg1 cartilage 798:806 cartilage 798:806 cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan 798:841 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 3 99 theme multispectral 520:532 arg1 imaging 555:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging 520:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) 520:568 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 99 theme multispectral 520:532 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 99 theme multispectral 520:532 arg1 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 7 100 theme mechanical 1277:1286 arg1 assays 1304:1309 mechanical and biochemical assays 1277:1309 mechanical and biochemical assays 1277:1309 FLIm- and TRFS-derived measurements are sensitive to changes in cartilage matrix and correlate with mechanical and biochemical assays. 30051455 8 101 dep = 1463:1463 arg1 0.79 1465:1468 0.79 1465:1468 0.79 1465:1468 Mean fluorescence lifetime values extracted from FLIm images (375-410 nm spectral band) showed strong, specific correlations with collagen content (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001) and tensile properties (R2 = 0.45, p = 0.02). 30051455 3 102 theme mechanical 694:703 arg1 properties 705:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties 674:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage 674:737 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 103 theme cartilage 729:737 arg1 properties 705:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties 674:714 the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage 674:737 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 10 104 theme quantitative 1865:1876 arg1 method 1878:1883 a quantitative method 1863:1883 a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function 1863:1954 Nondestructive optical assessment of articular cartilage, using a combination of FLIm- and TRFS-derived parameters, provided a quantitative method for determining tissue biochemical composition and mechanical function. 30051455 3 105 theme lifetime 546:553 arg1 imaging 555:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging 520:561 multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) 520:568 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 105 theme lifetime 546:553 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 105 theme lifetime 546:553 arg1 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 FLIm 564:567 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 4 106 theme compositions 873:884 arg1 range 857:861 a range 855:861 a range of matrix compositions 855:884 Enzymatic treatments were utilized to selectively deplete cartilage of either collagen or proteoglycan, to produce a range of matrix compositions. 30051455 3 107 theme time-resolved 574:586 arg1 TRFS 615:618 TRFS 615:618 TRFS 615:618 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 107 theme time-resolved 574:586 arg1 spectroscopy 601:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy 574:612 time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) 574:619 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30051455 3 107 theme time-resolved 574:586 arg1 techniques 501:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques 462:510 As a first step toward this goal, two nondestructive, label-free optical techniques, namely multispectral fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIm) and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS), were investigated for their potential in evaluating the biochemical and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. 30033290 0 0 theme hydrogel 80:87 arg1 property 16:23 property 16:23 property 16:23 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 0 0 theme hydrogel 80:87 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 1 1 contain have 130:133 arg1 hydrogels 120:128 PVA hydrogels 116:128 PVA hydrogels 116:128 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 1 1 contain have 130:133 arg2 characteristics 145:159 desirable characteristics 135:159 desirable characteristics for use 135:167 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 7 2 dep hydrogel 868:875 arg1 annealing 837:845 the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 823:875 annealing 837:845 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 3 theme mechanical 918:927 arg1 properties 929:938 mechanical properties 918:938 mechanical properties 918:938 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 0 4 theme composite 70:78 arg1 hydrogel 80:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 9 5 contain has 1068:1070 arg2 properties 1094:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 9 5 contain has 1068:1070 arg1 hydrogel 1059:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 0 6 theme annealing 95:103 arg1 treatment 105:113 annealing treatment 95:113 annealing treatment 95:113 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 8 7 theme composite 986:994 arg1 hydrogel 996:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 9 8 theme friction 1114:1121 arg1 coefficient 1123:1133 the friction coefficient 1110:1133 the friction coefficient 1110:1133 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 9 8 theme friction 1114:1121 arg1 low 1143:1145 low 1143:1145 low 1143:1145 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 3 9 theme low 349:351 arg1 friction 353:360 low friction 349:360 low friction 349:360 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 2 10 theme load-bearing 279:290 arg1 environment 292:302 load-bearing environment 279:302 load-bearing environment of human 279:311 However, PVA hydrogels are not high strength enough to withstand the demanding in load-bearing environment of human. 30033290 7 11 theme thermal 886:892 arg1 stability 894:902 good thermal stability 881:902 good thermal stability 881:902 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 3 12 theme high 331:334 arg1 strength 336:343 high strength 331:343 high strength 331:343 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 9 13 theme lubricating 1082:1092 arg1 properties 1094:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 1 14 theme soft 172:175 arg1 tissue 177:182 soft tissue substitutes 172:194 soft tissue substitutes 172:194 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 3 15 theme strength 336:343 arg1 hydrogel 383:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 4 16 theme biotribological 500:514 arg1 properties 516:525 mechanical and biotribological properties 485:525 mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel 485:541 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 4 16 theme biotribological 500:514 arg1 microstructure 450:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 3 17 theme composite 373:381 arg1 hydrogel 383:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 4 18 theme mechanical 485:494 arg1 properties 516:525 mechanical and biotribological properties 485:525 mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel 485:541 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 4 18 theme mechanical 485:494 arg1 microstructure 450:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 5 19 theme porous 600:605 arg1 structure 607:615 porous structure 600:615 porous structure 600:615 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 5 19 theme porous 600:605 arg1 interaction 618:628 interaction 618:628 interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA 618:661 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 7 20 theme good 881:884 arg1 stability 894:902 good thermal stability 881:902 good thermal stability 881:902 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 21 theme hydrogel 827:834 arg1 hydrogel 868:875 the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 823:875 hydrogel 868:875 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 22 theme composite 858:866 arg1 hydrogel 868:875 the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 823:875 hydrogel 868:875 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 3 23 theme annealing 428:436 arg1 method 438:443 annealing method 428:443 annealing method 428:443 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 3 24 theme friction 353:360 arg1 hydrogel 383:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 2 25 theme human 307:311 arg1 environment 292:302 load-bearing environment 279:302 load-bearing environment of human 279:311 However, PVA hydrogels are not high strength enough to withstand the demanding in load-bearing environment of human. 30033290 6 26 theme PVA 696:698 arg1 matrix 700:705 PVA matrix 696:705 PVA matrix 696:705 HA particles are distributed in PVA matrix and played a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening. 30033290 3 27 theme PVA-HA/PAA 362:371 arg1 hydrogel 383:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 329:390 In this paper, a high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel is obtained by freezing-thawing and annealing method. 30033290 8 28 theme PVA-HA/PAA 975:984 arg1 hydrogel 996:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 8 29 theme tensile 945:951 arg1 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 8 29 theme tensile 945:951 arg1 strength 953:960 The tensile strength 941:960 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 941:1003 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 9 30 theme Annealing 1028:1036 arg1 hydrogel 1059:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 0 31 theme strength 33:40 arg1 property 16:23 property 16:23 property 16:23 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 0 31 theme strength 33:40 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 7 32 theme PVA-HA/PAA 847:856 arg1 hydrogel 868:875 the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 823:875 hydrogel 868:875 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 0 33 theme high 28:31 arg1 strength 33:40 high strength 28:40 high strength 28:40 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 9 34 theme PVA-HA/PAA 1038:1047 arg1 hydrogel 1059:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 4 35 theme thermal 466:472 arg1 microstructure 450:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 4 35 theme thermal 466:472 arg1 stability 474:482 thermal stability 466:482 thermal stability 466:482 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 5 36 theme Annealing 556:564 arg1 hydrogel 587:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 2 37 dep high 228:231 arg1 withstand 252:260 withstand 252:260 to withstand the demanding in load-bearing environment of human 249:311 However, PVA hydrogels are not high strength enough to withstand the demanding in load-bearing environment of human. 30033290 0 38 theme low 46:48 arg1 hydrogel 80:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 4 39 theme hydrogel 534:541 arg1 properties 516:525 mechanical and biotribological properties 485:525 mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel 485:541 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 4 39 theme hydrogel 534:541 arg1 microstructure 450:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure 446:463 The microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and biotribological properties of the hydrogel are studied. 30033290 7 40 theme hydrogel 868:875 arg1 crosslinking 807:818 crosslinking 807:818 crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 807:875 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 5 41 theme PVA-HA/PAA 566:575 arg1 hydrogel 587:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 1 42 theme PVA 116:118 arg1 hydrogels 120:128 PVA hydrogels 116:128 PVA hydrogels 116:128 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 7 43 contain has 877:879 arg2 stability 894:902 good thermal stability 881:902 good thermal stability 881:902 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 43 contain has 877:879 arg1 crosslinking 807:818 crosslinking 807:818 crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 807:875 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 43 contain has 877:879 arg2 properties 929:938 mechanical properties 918:938 mechanical properties 918:938 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 7 43 contain has 877:879 arg2 strength 905:912 strength 905:912 strength 905:912 Annealing improves the crystallinity and crosslinking of the hydrogel, annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has good thermal stability, strength and mechanical properties. 30033290 1 44 dep tissue 177:182 arg1 substitutes 184:194 substitutes 184:194 substitutes 184:194 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 5 45 theme composite 577:585 arg1 hydrogel 587:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 2 46 theme PVA 206:208 arg1 hydrogels 210:218 PVA hydrogels 206:218 PVA hydrogels 206:218 However, PVA hydrogels are not high strength enough to withstand the demanding in load-bearing environment of human. 30033290 6 47 theme toughening 754:763 arg1 role 720:723 a role 718:723 a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening 718:763 HA particles are distributed in PVA matrix and played a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening. 30033290 9 48 theme favorable 1072:1080 arg1 properties 1094:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 favorable lubricating properties 1072:1103 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 8 49 theme annealing 965:973 arg1 hydrogel 996:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 965:1003 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 8 50 theme hydrogel 996:1003 arg1 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 3.71 MPa 1018:1025 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 8 50 theme hydrogel 996:1003 arg1 strength 953:960 The tensile strength 941:960 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 941:1003 The tensile strength of annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel can be up to 3.71 MPa. 30033290 1 51 theme desirable 135:143 arg1 characteristics 145:159 desirable characteristics 135:159 desirable characteristics for use 135:167 PVA hydrogels have desirable characteristics for use as soft tissue substitutes. 30033290 6 52 theme HA 664:665 arg1 particles 667:675 HA particles 664:675 HA particles 664:675 HA particles are distributed in PVA matrix and played a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening. 30033290 0 53 theme PVA-HA/PAA 59:68 arg1 hydrogel 80:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 5 54 contain has 596:598 arg2 structure 607:615 porous structure 600:615 porous structure 600:615 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 5 54 contain has 596:598 arg2 interaction 618:628 interaction 618:628 interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA 618:661 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 5 54 contain has 596:598 arg1 hydrogel 587:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 556:594 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has porous structure, interaction occurred between PVA, HA and PAA. 30033290 6 55 theme strengthening 736:748 arg1 role 720:723 a role 718:723 a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening 718:763 HA particles are distributed in PVA matrix and played a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening. 30033290 9 56 theme composite 1049:1057 arg1 hydrogel 1059:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 1028:1066 Annealing PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel has favorable lubricating properties, and the friction coefficient is very low. 30033290 0 57 theme friction 50:57 arg1 hydrogel 80:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel 46:87 Preparation and property of high strength and low friction PVA-HA/PAA composite hydrogel using annealing treatment. 30033290 6 58 theme diffuse 728:734 arg1 strengthening 736:748 diffuse strengthening 728:748 diffuse strengthening 728:748 HA particles are distributed in PVA matrix and played a role of diffuse strengthening and toughening. 31521655 0 0 theme fruit 92:96 arg1 part 109:112 jack fruit non-edible part 87:112 jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology 87:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 5 1 theme radical 742:748 arg1 scavenging 750:759 free radical scavenging 737:759 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 6 2 theme tensile 864:870 arg1 strength 872:879 tensile strength 864:879 tensile strength 864:879 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 0 3 theme jack 87:90 arg1 part 109:112 jack fruit non-edible part 87:112 jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology 87:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 8 4 theme traditional 1233:1243 arg1 materials 1260:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 8 5 theme designed 1150:1157 arg1 EO 1159:1160 the newly designed EO 1140:1160 the newly designed EO 1140:1160 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 5 6 theme Quadratic 644:652 arg1 models 654:659 Quadratic models 644:659 Quadratic models 644:659 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 0 7 theme non-edible 98:107 arg1 part 109:112 jack fruit non-edible part 87:112 jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology 87:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 4 8 theme film 561:564 arg1 composition 542:552 The composition 538:552 The composition of the film 538:564 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31521655 0 9 theme response 120:127 arg1 methodology 137:147 response surface methodology 120:147 response surface methodology 120:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 7 10 theme physical 1082:1089 arg1 properties 1103:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 7 10 theme physical 1082:1089 arg1 features 1047:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 3 11 theme essential 518:526 arg1 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 3 11 theme essential 518:526 arg1 oil 528:530 fennel seed essential oil 506:530 fennel seed essential oil (EO) 506:535 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 1 12 theme bionanocomposite 167:182 arg1 film 205:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 In this study, a bionanocomposite based food packaging film was designed to reduce environmental hazards. 31521655 6 13 theme CNP 962:964 arg1 incorporation 945:957 incorporation 945:957 incorporation of CNP 945:964 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 7 14 theme surface 1057:1063 arg1 features 1047:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 7 14 theme surface 1057:1063 arg1 characteristics 1065:1079 surface characteristics 1057:1079 surface characteristics 1057:1079 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 1 15 theme based 184:188 arg1 film 205:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 In this study, a bionanocomposite based food packaging film was designed to reduce environmental hazards. 31521655 8 16 theme bionanocomposite 1183:1198 arg1 film 1200:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 8 16 theme bionanocomposite 1183:1198 arg1 alternative 1217:1227 a better alternative 1208:1227 a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials 1208:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 3 17 theme seed 513:516 arg1 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 3 17 theme seed 513:516 arg1 oil 528:530 fennel seed essential oil 506:530 fennel seed essential oil (EO) 506:535 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 8 18 theme packaging 1250:1258 arg1 materials 1260:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 1 19 theme food 190:193 arg1 film 205:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 In this study, a bionanocomposite based food packaging film was designed to reduce environmental hazards. 31521655 8 20 theme CNP-PVA 1175:1181 arg1 film 1200:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 8 20 theme CNP-PVA 1175:1181 arg1 alternative 1217:1227 a better alternative 1208:1227 a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials 1208:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 8 21 theme food 1245:1248 arg1 materials 1260:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 traditional food packaging materials 1233:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 2 22 dep jackfruit 328:336 arg1 heterophyllus 350:362 Artocarpus heterophyllus 339:362 Artocarpus heterophyllus 339:362 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 1 23 theme packaging 195:203 arg1 film 205:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 a bionanocomposite based food packaging film 165:208 In this study, a bionanocomposite based food packaging film was designed to reduce environmental hazards. 31521655 0 24 theme film 25:28 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose 0:54 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 2 25 theme non-edible 309:318 arg1 part 320:323 the non-edible part 305:323 the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) 305:363 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 0 26 theme packaging 15:23 arg1 film 25:28 packaging film 15:28 packaging film reinforced with cellulose 15:54 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 0 27 theme surface 129:135 arg1 methodology 137:147 response surface methodology 120:147 response surface methodology 120:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 8 28 theme better 1210:1215 arg1 film 1200:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film 1175:1203 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 8 28 theme better 1210:1215 arg1 alternative 1217:1227 a better alternative 1208:1227 a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials 1208:1268 The results suggest that the newly designed EO incorporated CNP-PVA bionanocomposite film as a better alternative for traditional food packaging materials. 31521655 6 29 theme due 938:940 arg1 film 933:936 PVA film 929:936 PVA film due to incorporation of CNP 929:964 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 7 30 theme morphological 1033:1045 arg1 features 1047:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 7 30 theme morphological 1033:1045 arg1 characteristics 1065:1079 surface characteristics 1057:1079 surface characteristics 1057:1079 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 7 30 theme morphological 1033:1045 arg1 properties 1103:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 0 31 dep nanoparticles 56:68 arg1 synthesised 70:80 synthesised 70:80 nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology 56:147 Fabrication of packaging film reinforced with cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from jack fruit non-edible part using response surface methodology. 31521655 3 32 theme designed 430:437 arg1 film 456:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film 420:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film 420:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 4 33 theme surface 623:629 arg1 methodology 631:641 response surface methodology 614:641 response surface methodology 614:641 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31521655 3 34 theme bionanocomposite 439:454 arg1 film 456:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film 420:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film 420:459 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 5 35 theme scavenging 750:759 arg1 break 712:716 break 712:716 break 712:716 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 35 theme scavenging 750:759 arg1 activity 775:782 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 36 from break 712:716 arg1 elongation 698:707 elongation 698:707 elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, 698:783 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 36 from break 712:716 arg1 activity 803:810 antimicrobial activity 789:810 antimicrobial activity 789:810 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 37 theme antimicrobial 789:801 arg1 activity 803:810 antimicrobial activity 789:810 antimicrobial activity 789:810 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 7 38 theme film 992:995 arg1 Quality 967:973 Quality 967:973 Quality of the optimized film 967:995 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 2 39 theme acid 403:406 arg1 hydrolysis 408:417 acid hydrolysis 403:417 acid hydrolysis 403:417 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 6 40 theme PVA 929:931 arg1 film 933:936 PVA film 929:936 PVA film due to incorporation of CNP 929:964 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 41 theme seven-fold 841:850 arg1 increase 852:859 seven-fold increase 841:859 seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break 841:915 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 42 theme optimized 817:825 arg1 film 827:830 The optimized film 813:830 The optimized film 813:830 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 5 43 theme antioxidant 762:772 arg1 break 712:716 break 712:716 break 712:716 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 43 theme antioxidant 762:772 arg1 activity 775:782 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 7 44 theme optimized 982:990 arg1 film 992:995 the optimized film 978:995 the optimized film 978:995 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 3 45 theme polyvinyl 478:486 arg1 PVA 497:499 PVA 497:499 PVA 497:499 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 3 45 theme polyvinyl 478:486 arg1 alcohol 488:494 polyvinyl alcohol 478:494 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 478:500 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 6 46 from increase 852:859 arg1 elongation 897:906 elongation 897:906 elongation at break 897:915 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 46 from increase 852:859 arg1 six-fold 885:892 six-fold 885:892 six-fold 885:892 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 46 from increase 852:859 arg1 strength 872:879 tensile strength 864:879 tensile strength 864:879 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 46 from increase 852:859 arg1 break 911:915 break 911:915 break 911:915 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 5 47 theme tensile 719:725 arg1 break 712:716 break 712:716 break 712:716 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 5 47 theme tensile 719:725 arg1 strength 727:734 tensile strength 719:734 tensile strength 719:734 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 7 48 theme thermal 1095:1101 arg1 properties 1103:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 physical and thermal properties 1082:1112 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 7 48 theme thermal 1095:1101 arg1 features 1047:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 morphological features 1033:1054 Quality of the optimized film was further confirmed by evaluating morphological features, surface characteristics, physical and thermal properties. 31521655 2 49 theme jackfruit 328:336 arg1 part 320:323 the non-edible part 305:323 the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) 305:363 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 1 50 theme environmental 233:245 arg1 hazards 247:253 environmental hazards 233:253 environmental hazards 233:253 In this study, a bionanocomposite based food packaging film was designed to reduce environmental hazards. 31521655 4 51 theme response 614:621 arg1 methodology 631:641 response surface methodology 614:641 response surface methodology 614:641 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31521655 3 52 theme fennel 506:511 arg1 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 EO 533:534 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 3 52 theme fennel 506:511 arg1 oil 528:530 fennel seed essential oil 506:530 fennel seed essential oil (EO) 506:535 The newly designed bionanocomposite film consists of CNP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and fennel seed essential oil (EO). 31521655 4 53 theme methodology 631:641 arg1 design 604:609 central composite design 586:609 central composite design of response surface methodology 586:641 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31521655 4 54 theme composite 594:602 arg1 design 604:609 central composite design 586:609 central composite design of response surface methodology 586:641 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31521655 5 55 theme free 737:740 arg1 scavenging 750:759 free radical scavenging 737:759 free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity 737:782 Quadratic models were developed for responses such as elongation at break, tensile strength, free radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity, and antimicrobial activity. 31521655 2 56 theme Cellulose 256:264 arg1 nanoparticles 266:278 Cellulose nanoparticles 256:278 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) 256:284 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 2 56 theme Cellulose 256:264 arg1 CNP 281:283 CNP 281:283 CNP 281:283 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 2 57 theme alkaline 368:375 arg1 treatment 377:385 alkaline treatment 368:385 alkaline treatment 368:385 Cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) were prepared from the non-edible part of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) by alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. 31521655 6 58 from break 911:915 arg1 elongation 897:906 elongation 897:906 elongation at break 897:915 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 6 58 from break 911:915 arg1 increase 852:859 seven-fold increase 841:859 seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break 841:915 The optimized film reported seven-fold increase in tensile strength and six-fold in elongation at break compared to PVA film due to incorporation of CNP. 31521655 4 59 theme central 586:592 arg1 design 604:609 central composite design 586:609 central composite design of response surface methodology 586:641 The composition of the film was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology. 31418122 0 0 theme Spaghetti 67:75 arg1 Indicators 8:17 Quality Indicators 0:17 Quality Indicators 0:17 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 0 0 theme Spaghetti 67:75 arg1 Damage 28:33 Heat Damage 23:33 Heat Damage 23:33 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 9 1 theme dried 888:892 arg1 samples 894:900 dried samples 888:900 dried samples 888:900 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 1 2 theme free 139:142 arg1 pasta 149:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 0 3 theme Free 62:65 arg1 Spaghetti 67:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 11 4 theme GF 1228:1229 arg1 pasta 1231:1235 GF pasta 1228:1235 GF pasta regarding their technological and nutritional behavior 1228:1290 The results of PCA indicated it was possible to discriminate GF pasta regarding their technological and nutritional behavior. 31418122 9 5 dep 360 mg 993:998 arg1 to 990:991 to 990:991 to 990:991 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 1 6 theme real 209:212 arg1 intake 226:231 the real nutritional intake 205:231 the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine 205:332 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 3 7 theme ash 449:451 arg1 content 453:459 lower protein and ash content 431:459 content 453:459 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 1 8 theme nutritional 214:224 arg1 intake 226:231 the real nutritional intake 205:231 the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine 205:332 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 3 9 contain had 427:429 arg2 content 453:459 lower protein and ash content 431:459 content 453:459 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 3 9 contain had 427:429 arg2 protein 437:443 lower protein and ash content 431:459 protein 437:443 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 3 9 contain had 427:429 arg1 pasta 421:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 1 10 theme GF 145:146 arg1 pasta 149:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 4 11 theme higher 528:533 arg1 time 551:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 1 12 theme furosine 325:332 arg1 quantification 307:320 quantification 307:320 quantification of furosine 307:332 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 11 13 theme technological 1253:1265 arg1 behavior 1283:1290 their technological and nutritional behavior 1247:1290 their technological and nutritional behavior 1247:1290 The results of PCA indicated it was possible to discriminate GF pasta regarding their technological and nutritional behavior. 31418122 4 14 theme GF 483:484 arg1 samples 486:492 GF samples 483:492 GF samples composed solely by corn flour 483:522 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 8 15 theme highest 846:852 arg1 firmness 854:861 the highest firmness 842:861 the highest firmness 842:861 Spaghetti constituted only from corn and rice showed the highest firmness. 31418122 3 16 theme Dried 401:405 arg1 pasta 421:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 9 17 theme 134 mg 924:929 arg1 proteins 941:948 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins 924:948 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins 924:948 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 3 18 theme wheat 466:470 arg1 spaghetti 472:480 wheat spaghetti 466:480 wheat spaghetti 466:480 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 1 19 theme pasta 149:153 arg1 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators 78:110 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 0 20 theme Quality 0:6 arg1 Indicators 8:17 Quality Indicators 0:17 Quality Indicators 0:17 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 5 21 theme lower 588:592 arg1 losses 594:599 lower losses 588:599 lower losses 588:599 Samples with emulsifier showed lower losses during cooking. 31418122 10 22 theme Furosine 1020:1027 arg1 content 1029:1035 Furosine content 1020:1035 Furosine content of GF pasta 1020:1047 Furosine content of GF pasta was in general lower than in wheat pasta, and those differences were even enlarged when comparing them after cooking. 31418122 0 23 theme Heat 23:26 arg1 Damage 28:33 Heat Damage 23:33 Heat Damage 23:33 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 10 24 theme wheat 1078:1082 arg1 pasta 1084:1088 wheat pasta 1078:1088 wheat pasta 1078:1088 Furosine content of GF pasta was in general lower than in wheat pasta, and those differences were even enlarged when comparing them after cooking. 31418122 1 25 theme quality 82:88 arg1 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators 78:110 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 3 26 theme GF 418:419 arg1 pasta 421:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 2 27 theme wheat 384:388 arg1 spaghetti 390:398 wheat spaghetti 384:398 wheat spaghetti 384:398 Eight samples of GF spaghetti were compared with wheat spaghetti. 31418122 4 28 theme corn 513:516 arg1 flour 518:522 corn flour 513:522 corn flour 513:522 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 10 29 theme GF 1040:1041 arg1 pasta 1043:1047 GF pasta 1040:1047 GF pasta 1040:1047 Furosine content of GF pasta was in general lower than in wheat pasta, and those differences were even enlarged when comparing them after cooking. 31418122 1 30 theme chemical 245:252 arg1 composition 254:264 the chemical composition 241:264 the chemical composition 241:264 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 2 31 theme GF 352:353 arg1 spaghetti 355:363 GF spaghetti 352:363 GF spaghetti 352:363 Eight samples of GF spaghetti were compared with wheat spaghetti. 31418122 9 32 theme cooked 957:962 arg1 samples 964:970 cooked samples 957:970 cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins 957:1017 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 2 33 theme spaghetti 355:363 arg1 samples 341:347 Eight samples 335:347 Eight samples of GF spaghetti 335:363 Eight samples of GF spaghetti were compared with wheat spaghetti. 31418122 5 34 with Samples 557:563 arg1 emulsifier 570:579 emulsifier 570:579 emulsifier 570:579 Samples with emulsifier showed lower losses during cooking. 31418122 7 35 theme highest 754:760 arg1 resilience 762:771 resilience 762:771 resilience 762:771 Samples constituted merely by corn showed the highest resilience and elasticity. 31418122 1 36 theme safety 94:99 arg1 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators 78:110 indicators 101:110 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 0 37 theme Dried 38:42 arg1 Spaghetti 67:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 4 38 theme optimal 535:541 arg1 time 551:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 4 39 contain had 524:526 arg2 time 551:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 4 39 contain had 524:526 arg1 samples 486:492 GF samples 483:492 GF samples composed solely by corn flour 483:522 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 1 40 theme heat 274:277 arg1 damage 279:284 the heat damage 270:284 the heat damage 270:284 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 11 41 theme PCA 1182:1184 arg1 results 1171:1177 The results 1167:1177 The results of PCA 1167:1184 The results of PCA indicated it was possible to discriminate GF pasta regarding their technological and nutritional behavior. 31418122 9 42 theme furosine 868:875 arg1 content 877:883 The furosine content 864:883 The furosine content in dried samples 864:900 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 9 43 from content 877:883 arg1 samples 894:900 dried samples 888:900 dried samples 888:900 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 6 44 theme textural 689:696 arg1 behavior 698:705 textural behavior 689:705 textural behavior 689:705 Considering their composition, no trend could be established to explain textural behavior. 31418122 1 45 theme commercial 115:124 arg1 pasta 149:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 4 46 theme cooking 543:549 arg1 time 551:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 higher optimal cooking time 528:554 GF samples composed solely by corn flour had higher optimal cooking time. 31418122 0 47 theme Gluten 55:60 arg1 Spaghetti 67:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 3 48 theme cooked 411:416 arg1 pasta 421:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta 401:425 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 9 49 theme FUR/100 g 931:939 arg1 proteins 941:948 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins 924:948 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins 924:948 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31418122 1 50 theme dried 126:130 arg1 pasta 149:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 3 51 theme lower 431:435 arg1 protein 437:443 lower protein and ash content 431:459 protein 437:443 Dried and cooked GF pasta had lower protein and ash content than wheat spaghetti. 31418122 1 52 theme first 193:197 arg1 time 199:202 the first time 189:202 the first time 189:202 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 0 53 theme Cooked 48:53 arg1 Spaghetti 67:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti 38:75 Quality Indicators and Heat Damage of Dried and Cooked Gluten Free Spaghetti. 31418122 10 54 theme pasta 1043:1047 arg1 content 1029:1035 Furosine content 1020:1035 Furosine content of GF pasta 1020:1047 Furosine content of GF pasta was in general lower than in wheat pasta, and those differences were even enlarged when comparing them after cooking. 31418122 11 55 theme nutritional 1271:1281 arg1 behavior 1283:1290 their technological and nutritional behavior 1247:1290 their technological and nutritional behavior 1247:1290 The results of PCA indicated it was possible to discriminate GF pasta regarding their technological and nutritional behavior. 31418122 1 56 theme gluten 132:137 arg1 pasta 149:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta 115:153 The quality and safety indicators of commercial dried gluten free (GF) pasta were analyzed to investigate, for the first time, the real nutritional intake through the chemical composition and the heat damage during processing by quantification of furosine. 31418122 9 57 theme FUR/100 g 1000:1008 arg1 proteins 1010:1017 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins 987:1017 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins 987:1017 The furosine content in dried samples ranged between 19 and 134 mg FUR/100 g proteins and in cooked samples ranged between 48 to 360 mg FUR/100 g proteins. 31796784 0 0 theme Radial 87:92 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 0 theme Radial 87:92 arg1 Algorithm-II 139:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II 87:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 87:163 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 1 theme sorting 347:353 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 1 theme sorting 347:353 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 3 2 attach linked 727:732 arg2 models 715:720 models 715:720 models 715:720 Afterward, models were linked to the optimization algorithm. 31796784 3 2 attach linked 727:732 arg1 algorithm 754:762 the optimization algorithm 737:762 the optimization algorithm 737:762 Afterward, models were linked to the optimization algorithm. 31796784 8 3 theme predicted 1479:1487 arg1 data 1503:1506 RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data 1468:1506 RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data 1468:1506 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 8 4 theme optimized 1354:1362 arg1 compositions 1371:1382 optimized medium compositions 1354:1382 optimized medium compositions 1354:1382 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 6 5 theme 2.16 µM 1124:1130 arg1 BAP 1132:1134 2.16 µM BAP 1124:1134 2.16 µM BAP 1124:1134 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 1 6 theme genetic 355:361 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 6 theme genetic 355:361 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 9 7 theme computational 1581:1593 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 9 7 theme computational 1581:1593 arg1 strategy 1595:1602 an efficient computational strategy 1568:1602 an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis 1568:1653 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 1 8 theme chrysanthemum 270:282 arg1 proliferation 253:265 shoot proliferation 247:265 shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum 247:282 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 9 theme Function-Non-dominated 100:121 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 9 theme Function-Non-dominated 100:121 arg1 Algorithm-II 139:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II 87:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 87:163 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 7 10 theme analysis 1211:1218 arg1 results 1188:1194 The results 1184:1194 The results of sensitivity analysis 1184:1218 The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that PR, SN, and SL were more sensitive to BAP, followed by sucrose, PG, and IBA. 31796784 4 11 theme sensitivity 771:781 arg1 analysis 783:790 sensitivity analysis 771:790 sensitivity analysis 771:790 Also, sensitivity analysis was applied for evaluating the importance of each input. 31796784 8 12 theme optimized 1493:1501 arg1 data 1503:1506 RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data 1468:1506 RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data 1468:1506 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 5 13 theme R2 853:854 arg1 values 868:873 The R2 correlation values 849:873 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data 849:939 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data were obtained for PR, SN, SL, and BCW, respectively. 31796784 8 14 theme compositions 1371:1382 arg1 performance 1325:1335 the performance 1321:1335 the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions 1321:1382 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 0 15 theme Basis 94:98 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 15 theme Basis 94:98 arg1 Algorithm-II 139:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II 87:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 87:163 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 5 16 theme correlation 856:866 arg1 values 868:873 The R2 correlation values 849:873 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data 849:939 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data were obtained for PR, SN, SL, and BCW, respectively. 31796784 0 17 theme Genetic 131:137 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 17 theme Genetic 131:137 arg1 Algorithm-II 139:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II 87:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 87:163 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 9 18 theme efficient 1571:1579 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 RBF-NSGAII 1536:1545 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 9 18 theme efficient 1571:1579 arg1 strategy 1595:1602 an efficient computational strategy 1568:1602 an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis 1568:1653 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 0 19 theme Sorting 123:129 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 RBF-NSGAII 153:162 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 19 theme Sorting 123:129 arg1 Algorithm-II 139:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II 87:150 Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 87:163 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 20 theme callus 560:565 arg1 BCW 575:577 BCW 575:577 BCW 575:577 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 20 theme callus 560:565 arg1 weight 567:572 basal callus weight 554:572 basal callus weight (BCW) 554:578 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 1 21 theme current 181:187 arg1 study 189:193 the current study 177:193 the current study 177:193 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 22 theme basal 554:558 arg1 BCW 575:577 BCW 575:577 BCW 575:577 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 22 theme basal 554:558 arg1 weight 567:572 basal callus weight 554:572 basal callus weight (BCW) 554:578 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 6 23 theme 0.14 µM 1137:1143 arg1 IBA 1145:1147 0.14 µM IBA 1137:1147 0.14 µM IBA 1137:1147 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 4 24 theme input 842:846 arg1 importance 823:832 the importance 819:832 the importance of each input 819:846 Also, sensitivity analysis was applied for evaluating the importance of each input. 31796784 2 25 theme shoot 531:535 arg1 SL 545:546 SL 545:546 SL 545:546 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 25 theme shoot 531:535 arg1 length 537:542 shoot length 531:542 shoot length (SL) 531:547 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 1 26 theme study 189:193 arg1 aim 170:172 The aim 166:172 The aim of the current study 166:193 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 26 theme study 189:193 arg1 modeling 199:206 modeling 199:206 modeling 199:206 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 6 27 theme 87.63 mM 1166:1173 arg1 sucrose 1175:1181 87.63 mM sucrose 1166:1181 87.63 mM sucrose 1166:1181 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 9 28 theme in 1632:1633 arg1 organogenesis 1641:1653 in vitro organogenesis 1632:1653 in vitro organogenesis 1632:1653 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 0 29 theme Medium 24:29 arg1 Composition 31:41 Medium Composition 24:41 Medium Composition 24:41 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 30 theme case 290:293 arg1 study 295:299 a case study 288:299 a case study 288:299 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 6 31 contain containing 1113:1122 arg1 medium 1106:1111 a medium 1104:1111 a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose 1104:1181 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 6 31 contain containing 1113:1122 arg2 IBA 1145:1147 0.14 µM IBA 1137:1147 0.14 µM IBA 1137:1147 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 6 31 contain containing 1113:1122 arg2 BAP 1132:1134 2.16 µM BAP 1124:1134 2.16 µM BAP 1124:1134 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 6 31 contain containing 1113:1122 arg2 PG 1158:1159 0.29 mM PG 1150:1159 0.29 mM PG 1150:1159 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 6 31 contain containing 1113:1122 arg2 sucrose 1175:1181 87.63 mM sucrose 1166:1181 87.63 mM sucrose 1166:1181 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 2 32 theme networks 426:433 arg1 one 397:399 one 397:399 one 397:399 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 32 theme networks 426:433 arg1 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 32 theme networks 426:433 arg1 networks 426:433 the artificial neural networks 404:433 the artificial neural networks (ANNs) 404:440 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 6 33 theme 0.29 mM 1150:1156 arg1 PG 1158:1159 0.29 mM PG 1150:1159 0.29 mM PG 1150:1159 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 2 34 theme neural 419:424 arg1 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 34 theme neural 419:424 arg1 networks 426:433 the artificial neural networks 404:433 the artificial neural networks (ANNs) 404:440 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 35 theme artificial 408:417 arg1 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 ANNs 436:439 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 35 theme artificial 408:417 arg1 networks 426:433 the artificial neural networks 404:433 the artificial neural networks (ANNs) 404:440 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 5 36 theme 0.97 890:893 arg1 values 868:873 The R2 correlation values 849:873 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data 849:939 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data were obtained for PR, SN, SL, and BCW, respectively. 31796784 1 37 theme optimizing 212:221 arg1 compositions 230:241 optimizing medium compositions 212:241 optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum 212:282 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 38 theme modeling 455:462 arg1 outputs 469:475 modeling four outputs 455:475 modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose 455:701 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 38 theme modeling 455:462 arg1 rate 501:504 proliferation rate 487:504 proliferation rate (PR) 487:509 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 38 theme modeling 455:462 arg1 weight 567:572 basal callus weight 554:572 basal callus weight (BCW) 554:578 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 38 theme modeling 455:462 arg1 number 518:523 shoot number 512:523 shoot number (SN) 512:528 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 38 theme modeling 455:462 arg1 length 537:542 shoot length 531:542 shoot length (SL) 531:547 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 7 39 theme sensitivity 1199:1209 arg1 analysis 1211:1218 sensitivity analysis 1199:1218 sensitivity analysis 1199:1218 The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that PR, SN, and SL were more sensitive to BAP, followed by sucrose, PG, and IBA. 31796784 2 40 theme shoot 512:516 arg1 SN 526:527 SN 526:527 SN 526:527 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 40 theme shoot 512:516 arg1 number 518:523 shoot number 512:523 shoot number (SN) 512:528 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 1 41 theme medium 223:228 arg1 compositions 230:241 optimizing medium compositions 212:241 optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum 212:282 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 42 theme radial 310:315 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 42 theme radial 310:315 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 43 theme Shoot 47:51 arg1 Regeneration 53:64 Shoot Regeneration 47:64 Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum 47:81 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 44 theme basis 317:321 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 44 theme basis 317:321 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 45 used used 446:449 arg2 RBF 390:392 RBF 390:392 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) 390:440 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 7 46 dep sensitive 1260:1268 arg1 followed 1278:1285 followed 1278:1285 followed by sucrose, PG, and IBA 1278:1309 The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that PR, SN, and SL were more sensitive to BAP, followed by sucrose, PG, and IBA. 31796784 5 47 theme 0.76 900:903 arg1 values 868:873 The R2 correlation values 849:873 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data 849:939 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data were obtained for PR, SN, SL, and BCW, respectively. 31796784 3 48 theme optimization 741:752 arg1 algorithm 754:762 the optimization algorithm 737:762 the optimization algorithm 737:762 Afterward, models were linked to the optimization algorithm. 31796784 1 49 theme function- 323:331 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 49 theme function- 323:331 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 8 50 theme validation 1448:1457 arg1 data 1459:1462 the validation data 1444:1462 the validation data 1444:1462 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 9 51 dep in 1632:1633 arg1 vitro 1635:1639 vitro 1635:1639 vitro 1635:1639 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 9 52 dep modeling 1608:1615 arg1 organogenesis 1641:1653 in vitro organogenesis 1632:1653 in vitro organogenesis 1632:1653 Generally, RBF-NSGAII can be considered as an efficient computational strategy for modeling and optimizing in vitro organogenesis. 31796784 6 53 theme optimal 1019:1025 arg1 PR 1027:1028 optimal PR 1019:1028 optimal PR (98.85%) 1019:1037 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 6 53 theme optimal 1019:1025 arg1 % 1036:1036 98.85% 1031:1036 98.85% 1031:1036 According to RBF-NSGAII, optimal PR (98.85%), SN (13.32), SL (4.83 cm), and BCW (0.08 g) can be obtained from a medium containing 2.16 µM BAP, 0.14 µM IBA, 0.29 mM PG, and 87.63 mM sucrose. 31796784 0 54 theme Chrysanthemum 69:81 arg1 Regeneration 53:64 Shoot Regeneration 47:64 Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum 47:81 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 5 55 theme predicted 926:934 arg1 data 936:939 predicted data 926:939 predicted data 926:939 The R2 correlation values of 0.88, 0.91, 0.97, and 0.76 between observed and predicted data were obtained for PR, SN, SL, and BCW, respectively. 31796784 8 56 theme predicted 1340:1348 arg1 performance 1325:1335 the performance 1321:1335 the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions 1321:1382 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 31796784 1 57 theme shoot 247:251 arg1 proliferation 253:265 shoot proliferation 247:265 shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum 247:282 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 58 theme proliferation 487:499 arg1 PR 507:508 PR 507:508 PR 507:508 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 58 theme proliferation 487:499 arg1 rate 501:504 proliferation rate 487:504 proliferation rate (PR) 487:509 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 1 59 theme non-dominated 333:345 arg1 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 RBF-NSGAII 377:386 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 1 59 theme non-dominated 333:345 arg1 algorithm-II 363:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II 310:374 radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII) 310:387 The aim of the current study was modeling and optimizing medium compositions for shoot proliferation of chrysanthemum, as a case study, through radial basis function- non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 0 60 dep Modeling 0:7 arg1 Composition 31:41 Medium Composition 24:41 Medium Composition 24:41 Modeling and Optimizing Medium Composition for Shoot Regeneration of Chrysanthemum via Radial Basis Function-Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (RBF-NSGAII). 31796784 2 61 theme indole-3-butyric 641:656 arg1 IBA 664:666 IBA 664:666 IBA 664:666 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 2 61 theme indole-3-butyric 641:656 arg1 acid 658:661 indole-3-butyric acid 641:661 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 641:667 RBF as one of the artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used for modeling four outputs including proliferation rate (PR), shoot number (SN), shoot length (SL), and basal callus weight (BCW) based on four variables including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phloroglucinol (PG), and sucrose. 31796784 8 62 theme medium 1364:1369 arg1 compositions 1371:1382 optimized medium compositions 1354:1382 optimized medium compositions 1354:1382 Finally, the performance of predicted and optimized medium compositions were tested, and results showed that the difference between the validation data and RBF-NSGAII predicted and optimized data were negligible. 30926493 5 0 dep % 808:808 arg1 w/w 811:813 w/w 811:813 w/w 811:813 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 3 1 with films 546:550 arg1 ratios 565:570 varying ratios 557:570 varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement 557:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 9 2 theme films 1339:1343 arg1 characteristics 1305:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics 1260:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films 1260:1343 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 4 3 theme nano 744:747 arg1 ZnO 749:751 nano ZnO 744:751 nano ZnO 744:751 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 8 4 theme 5 1178:1178 arg1 % 1179:1179 % 1179:1179 % 1179:1179 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 3 5 theme varying 557:563 arg1 ratios 565:570 varying ratios 557:570 varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement 557:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 1 6 theme Film-forming 198:209 arg1 biopolymers 211:221 Film-forming biopolymers 198:221 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability 198:276 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 4 7 theme films 702:706 arg1 stability 651:659 thermal stability 643:659 thermal stability 643:659 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 4 7 theme films 702:706 arg1 properties 673:682 barrier properties 665:682 barrier properties 665:682 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 1 8 from use 330:332 arg1 applications 352:363 food packaging applications 337:363 food packaging applications 337:363 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 5 9 theme optimal 841:847 arg1 strength 857:864 the most optimal tensile strength 832:864 the most optimal tensile strength 832:864 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 6 10 theme contact 931:937 arg1 measurements 945:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 8 11 dep % 1179:1179 arg1 w/w 1182:1184 w/w 1182:1184 w/w 1182:1184 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 3 12 theme ZnO 580:582 arg1 reinforcement 584:596 nano ZnO reinforcement 575:596 nano ZnO reinforcement 575:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 9 13 theme primary 1375:1381 arg1 material 1398:1405 a primary food packaging material 1373:1405 a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits 1373:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 8 14 theme CS-CAP 1154:1159 arg1 film 1161:1164 The CS-CAP film 1150:1164 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1150:1194 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 0 15 theme shelf 164:168 arg1 life 170:173 the shelf life 160:173 the shelf life of black grape fruits 160:195 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 3 16 theme casting 623:629 arg1 method 631:636 solvent casting method 615:636 solvent casting method 615:636 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 5 17 theme % 808:808 arg1 ZnO 821:823 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 807:823 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 807:823 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 8 18 theme extended 1200:1207 arg1 life 1219:1222 extended the shelf life 1200:1222 extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days 1200:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 8 19 contain had 1196:1198 arg1 film 1161:1164 The CS-CAP film 1150:1164 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1150:1194 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 8 19 contain had 1196:1198 arg2 life 1219:1222 extended the shelf life 1200:1222 extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days 1200:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 8 20 theme shelf 1213:1217 arg1 life 1219:1222 extended the shelf life 1200:1222 extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days 1200:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 0 21 theme grape 184:188 arg1 fruits 190:195 black grape fruits 178:195 black grape fruits 178:195 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 9 22 theme packaging 1388:1396 arg1 material 1398:1405 a primary food packaging material 1373:1405 a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits 1373:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 23 theme nano 978:981 arg1 films 993:997 the prepared nano composite films 965:997 the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90° 965:1068 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 8 24 theme grape 1233:1237 arg1 fruits 1239:1244 black grape fruits 1227:1244 black grape fruits up to 9 days 1227:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 0 25 theme optimal 99:105 arg1 permeability 114:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 2 26 dep fabrication 399:409 arg1 the 395:397 the 395:397 the 395:397 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 0 27 theme phthalate/ZnO 59:71 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 9 28 theme black 1454:1458 arg1 fruits 1466:1471 black grape fruits 1454:1471 black grape fruits 1454:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 29 theme contact 1040:1046 arg1 angle 1048:1052 high contact angle 1035:1052 high contact angle 1035:1052 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 2 30 theme chitosan 435:442 arg1 films 485:489 chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films 435:489 chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) 435:536 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 0 31 theme Antimicrobial 0:12 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 1 32 theme potential 320:328 arg1 use 330:332 their potential use 314:332 their potential use in food packaging applications 314:363 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 5 33 theme food 900:903 arg1 material 915:922 a food packaging material 898:922 a food packaging material 898:922 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 2 34 theme acetate 461:467 arg1 CAP 480:482 CAP 480:482 CAP 480:482 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 2 34 theme acetate 461:467 arg1 phthalate 469:477 cellulose acetate phthalate 451:477 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) 451:483 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 0 35 theme biodegradable 18:30 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 36 theme surface 1011:1017 arg1 wettability 1019:1029 low surface wettability 1007:1029 low surface wettability 1007:1029 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 2 37 theme ZnO 509:511 arg1 nanoparticles 513:525 ZnO nanoparticles 509:525 ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) 509:536 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 2 37 theme ZnO 509:511 arg1 ZnO 533:535 nano ZnO 528:535 nano ZnO 528:535 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 5 38 theme CS-CAP 783:788 arg1 film 790:793 CS-CAP film 783:793 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 783:823 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 1 39 theme packaging 342:350 arg1 applications 352:363 food packaging applications 337:363 food packaging applications 337:363 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 0 40 theme acetate 51:57 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 0 41 theme nano 73:76 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 9 42 theme demonstrated 1264:1275 arg1 barrier 1277:1283 demonstrated barrier 1264:1283 demonstrated barrier 1264:1283 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 4 43 dep stability 651:659 arg1 The 639:641 The 639:641 The 639:641 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 9 44 theme fruits 1466:1471 arg1 life 1446:1449 the shelf life 1436:1449 the shelf life of black grape fruits 1436:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 3 45 theme CS-CAP 539:544 arg1 films 546:550 CS-CAP films 539:550 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement 539:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 1 46 theme great 285:289 arg1 interest 291:298 great interest 285:298 great interest 285:298 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 0 47 theme composite 78:86 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 9 48 theme CS-CAP-ZnO 1328:1337 arg1 films 1339:1343 the CS-CAP-ZnO films 1324:1343 the CS-CAP-ZnO films 1324:1343 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 0 49 with films 88:92 arg1 hydrophobicity 131:144 hydrophobicity 131:144 hydrophobicity 131:144 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 0 49 with films 88:92 arg1 permeability 114:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 7 50 theme composite 1100:1108 arg1 films 1110:1114 the nano composite films 1091:1114 the nano composite films 1091:1114 Biodegradability of the nano composite films ranged from 30 to 50% in 28 days. 30926493 3 51 theme reinforcement 584:596 arg1 ratios 565:570 varying ratios 557:570 varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement 557:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 6 52 theme angle 939:943 arg1 measurements 945:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 4 53 theme fabricated 691:700 arg1 films 702:706 the fabricated films 687:706 the fabricated films 687:706 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 3 54 theme nano 575:578 arg1 reinforcement 584:596 nano ZnO reinforcement 575:596 nano ZnO reinforcement 575:596 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 8 55 dep 9 days 1252:1257 arg1 up 1246:1247 up 1246:1247 up 1246:1247 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 6 56 theme Water 925:929 arg1 measurements 945:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements 925:956 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 3 57 theme solvent 615:621 arg1 method 631:636 solvent casting method 615:636 solvent casting method 615:636 CS-CAP films with varying ratios of nano ZnO reinforcement were prepared by solvent casting method. 30926493 8 58 theme % 1179:1179 arg1 ZnO 1192:1194 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1178:1194 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1178:1194 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 5 59 theme nano 816:819 arg1 ZnO 821:823 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 807:823 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 807:823 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 4 60 theme barrier 665:671 arg1 properties 673:682 barrier properties 665:682 barrier properties 665:682 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 0 61 theme black 178:182 arg1 fruits 190:195 black grape fruits 178:195 black grape fruits 178:195 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 0 62 theme fruits 190:195 arg1 life 170:173 the shelf life 160:173 the shelf life of black grape fruits 160:195 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 4 63 theme ZnO 749:751 arg1 amount 734:739 amount 734:739 amount of nano ZnO 734:751 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 4 63 theme ZnO 749:751 arg1 ZnO 749:751 nano ZnO 744:751 nano ZnO 744:751 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 1 64 theme antimicrobial 234:246 arg1 activity 248:255 antimicrobial activity 234:255 antimicrobial activity 234:255 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 5 65 theme tensile 849:855 arg1 strength 857:864 the most optimal tensile strength 832:864 the most optimal tensile strength 832:864 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 9 66 used used 1419:1422 arg2 material 1398:1405 a primary food packaging material 1373:1405 a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits 1373:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 67 theme composite 983:991 arg1 films 993:997 the prepared nano composite films 965:997 the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90° 965:1068 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 2 68 theme nano 528:531 arg1 nanoparticles 513:525 ZnO nanoparticles 509:525 ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) 509:536 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 2 68 theme nano 528:531 arg1 ZnO 533:535 nano ZnO 528:535 nano ZnO 528:535 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 0 69 theme oxygen 107:112 arg1 permeability 114:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 optimal oxygen permeability 99:125 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 70 theme prepared 969:976 arg1 films 993:997 the prepared nano composite films 965:997 the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90° 965:1068 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 8 71 theme black 1227:1231 arg1 fruits 1239:1244 black grape fruits 1227:1244 black grape fruits up to 9 days 1227:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 9 72 theme shelf 1440:1444 arg1 life 1446:1449 the shelf life 1436:1449 the shelf life of black grape fruits 1436:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 7 73 dep 50 1134:1135 arg1 to 1131:1132 to 1131:1132 to 1131:1132 Biodegradability of the nano composite films ranged from 30 to 50% in 28 days. 30926493 4 74 theme % 774:774 arg1 range 760:764 the range 756:764 the range of 2-7.5% (w/w) 756:780 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30926493 6 75 theme angle 1048:1052 arg1 value 1054:1058 low surface wettability and high contact angle value 1007:1058 low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90° 1007:1068 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 9 76 theme grape 1460:1464 arg1 fruits 1466:1471 black grape fruits 1454:1471 black grape fruits 1454:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 77 theme high 1035:1038 arg1 angle 1048:1052 high contact angle 1035:1052 high contact angle 1035:1052 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 0 78 theme chitosan/cellulose 32:49 arg1 films 88:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films 0:92 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 0:196 Antimicrobial and biodegradable chitosan/cellulose acetate phthalate/ZnO nano composite films with optimal oxygen permeability and hydrophobicity for extending the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 5 79 theme 5 807:807 arg1 % 808:808 % 808:808 % 808:808 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 5 80 theme packaging 905:913 arg1 material 915:922 a food packaging material 898:922 a food packaging material 898:922 CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO showed the most optimal tensile strength and stiffness to be utilized as a food packaging material. 30926493 6 81 theme wettability 1019:1029 arg1 value 1054:1058 low surface wettability and high contact angle value 1007:1058 low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90° 1007:1068 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 2 82 theme phthalate 469:477 arg1 films 485:489 chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films 435:489 chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) 435:536 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 1 83 contain possessing 223:232 arg1 biopolymers 211:221 Film-forming biopolymers 198:221 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability 198:276 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 1 83 contain possessing 223:232 arg2 biodegradability 261:276 biodegradability 261:276 biodegradability 261:276 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 1 83 contain possessing 223:232 arg2 activity 248:255 antimicrobial activity 234:255 antimicrobial activity 234:255 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 2 84 theme cellulose 451:459 arg1 CAP 480:482 CAP 480:482 CAP 480:482 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 2 84 theme cellulose 451:459 arg1 phthalate 469:477 cellulose acetate phthalate 451:477 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) 451:483 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 7 85 theme films 1110:1114 arg1 Biodegradability 1071:1086 Biodegradability 1071:1086 Biodegradability of the nano composite films 1071:1114 Biodegradability of the nano composite films ranged from 30 to 50% in 28 days. 30926493 1 86 theme food 337:340 arg1 applications 352:363 food packaging applications 337:363 food packaging applications 337:363 Film-forming biopolymers possessing antimicrobial activity and biodegradability are of great interest on account of their potential use in food packaging applications. 30926493 9 87 theme food 1383:1386 arg1 material 1398:1405 a primary food packaging material 1373:1405 a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits 1373:1471 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 6 88 theme low 1007:1009 arg1 wettability 1019:1029 low surface wettability 1007:1029 low surface wettability 1007:1029 Water contact angle measurements showed the prepared nano composite films to have low surface wettability and high contact angle value up to 90°. 30926493 9 89 theme protection 1294:1303 arg1 characteristics 1305:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics 1260:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films 1260:1343 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 7 90 theme nano 1095:1098 arg1 films 1110:1114 the nano composite films 1091:1114 the nano composite films 1091:1114 Biodegradability of the nano composite films ranged from 30 to 50% in 28 days. 30926493 2 91 theme films 485:489 arg1 fabrication 399:409 fabrication 399:409 fabrication 399:409 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 2 91 theme films 485:489 arg1 characterisation 415:430 characterisation 415:430 characterisation 415:430 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 9 92 theme barrier 1277:1283 arg1 characteristics 1305:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics 1260:1319 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films 1260:1343 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 2 93 theme present 370:376 arg1 study 378:382 The present study 366:382 The present study 366:382 The present study deals with the fabrication and characterisation of chitosan (CS) - cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO). 30926493 8 94 theme fruits 1239:1244 arg1 life 1219:1222 extended the shelf life 1200:1222 extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days 1200:1257 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 9 95 theme food 1289:1292 arg1 protection 1294:1303 food protection 1289:1303 food protection 1289:1303 The demonstrated barrier and food protection characteristics of the CS-CAP-ZnO films attested its suitability as a primary food packaging material that can be used to increase the shelf life of black grape fruits. 30926493 8 96 theme nano 1187:1190 arg1 ZnO 1192:1194 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1178:1194 5% (w/w) nano ZnO 1178:1194 The CS-CAP film loaded with 5% (w/w) nano ZnO had extended the shelf life of black grape fruits up to 9 days. 30926493 4 97 theme thermal 643:649 arg1 stability 651:659 thermal stability 643:659 thermal stability 643:659 The thermal stability and barrier properties of the fabricated films increased with increasing amount of nano ZnO in the range of 2-7.5% (w/w). 30902715 3 0 theme simulated 705:713 arg1 fluid 732:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 4 1 theme group 860:864 arg1 mice 835:838 the mice 831:838 the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group 831:864 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 1 2 theme composite 185:193 arg1 capsules 195:202 microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules 159:202 microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules 159:202 We have designed microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules and evaluated the oral delivery efficacy. 30902715 5 3 dep in 1184:1185 arg1 vivo 1187:1190 vivo 1187:1190 vivo 1187:1190 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 3 4 theme 5 h 687:689 arg1 incubation 691:700 5 h incubation 687:700 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid 687:736 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 4 5 theme CA/GA/GE-CCs 847:858 arg1 group 860:864 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group 843:864 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group 843:864 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 6 theme loaded 391:396 arg1 activity 381:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 6 theme loaded 391:396 arg1 microcapsules 417:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules 391:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 391:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 0 7 theme delivery 107:114 arg1 carriers 116:123 oral delivery carriers 102:123 oral delivery carriers for antioxidant 102:139 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 3 8 dep In 485:486 arg1 vitro 488:492 vitro 488:492 vitro 488:492 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 3 8 dep In 485:486 arg1 antioxidant 494:504 antioxidant 494:504 antioxidant 494:504 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 0 9 theme oral 102:105 arg1 carriers 116:123 oral delivery carriers 102:123 oral delivery carriers for antioxidant 102:139 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 5 10 theme composite 1081:1089 arg1 capsules 1091:1098 the composite capsules 1077:1098 the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy 1077:1199 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 3 11 dep showed 512:517 arg1 able 556:559 able 556:559 able 556:559 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 2 12 theme gum 398:400 arg1 activity 381:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 12 theme gum 398:400 arg1 microcapsules 417:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules 391:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 391:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 3 13 theme gastrointestinal 715:730 arg1 fluid 732:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 2 14 dep PaE 466:468 arg1 CA/GA/GE-CCs 470:481 CA/GA/GE-CCs 470:481 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs 466:481 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 15 theme alginate 442:449 arg1 PaE 466:468 PaE 466:468 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs 466:481 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 15 theme alginate 442:449 arg1 hydrogel 456:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel 434:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 434:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 4 16 theme lower 1006:1010 arg1 content 1028:1034 lower malondialdehyde content 1006:1034 lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells 1006:1049 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 5 17 theme absorption 1158:1167 arg1 efficiency 1169:1178 the absorption efficiency 1154:1178 the absorption efficiency 1154:1178 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 4 18 theme in 749:750 arg1 study 757:761 in vivo study 749:761 in vivo study 749:761 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 19 theme calcium 434:440 arg1 PaE 466:468 PaE 466:468 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs 466:481 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 19 theme calcium 434:440 arg1 hydrogel 456:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel 434:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 434:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 5 20 theme small 1125:1129 arg1 intestine 1131:1139 small intestine 1125:1139 small intestine 1125:1139 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 4 21 from content 1028:1034 arg1 cells 1045:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 4 22 theme PaE 843:845 arg1 group 860:864 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group 843:864 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group 843:864 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 23 from microcapsules 417:429 arg1 PaE 466:468 PaE 466:468 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs 466:481 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 23 from microcapsules 417:429 arg1 hydrogel 456:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel 434:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 434:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 24 theme model 342:346 arg1 extract 325:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract 301:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE) 301:337 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 24 theme model 342:346 arg1 substance 348:356 a model substance 340:356 a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 340:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 1 25 theme oral 222:225 arg1 efficacy 236:243 the oral delivery efficacy 218:243 the oral delivery efficacy 218:243 We have designed microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules and evaluated the oral delivery efficacy. 30902715 0 26 theme hydrogel/gum 24:35 arg1 Arabic/gelatin 37:50 alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin 15:50 alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin 15:50 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 4 27 theme administration 803:816 arg1 treatment 785:793 the treatment 781:793 the treatment of oral administration for 30 days 781:828 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 3 28 theme scavenging 605:614 arg1 rate 616:619 O2- scavenging rate 601:619 O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE 601:639 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 3 29 theme gastric 581:587 arg1 acid 589:592 gastric acid 581:592 gastric acid 581:592 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 5 30 dep capsules 1091:1098 arg1 enhance 1146:1152 enhance 1146:1152 enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy 1146:1199 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 5 30 dep capsules 1091:1098 arg1 concentrate 1106:1116 concentrate 1106:1116 concentrate PaE in small intestine 1106:1139 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 1 31 theme delivery 227:234 arg1 efficacy 236:243 the oral delivery efficacy 218:243 the oral delivery efficacy 218:243 We have designed microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules and evaluated the oral delivery efficacy. 30902715 0 32 theme alginate 15:22 arg1 Arabic/gelatin 37:50 alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin 15:50 alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin 15:50 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 3 33 theme composite 532:540 arg1 capsules 542:549 the obtained composite capsules 519:549 the obtained composite capsules 519:549 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 5 34 theme in 1184:1185 arg1 efficacy 1192:1199 in vivo efficacy 1184:1199 in vivo efficacy 1184:1199 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 4 35 theme other 932:936 arg1 groups 938:943 other groups 932:943 other groups 932:943 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 0 36 theme Arabic/gelatin 37:50 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin 0:50 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 3 37 from incubation 691:700 arg1 fluid 732:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 simulated gastrointestinal fluid 705:736 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 2 38 theme CA 452:453 arg1 PaE 466:468 PaE 466:468 PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs 466:481 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 38 theme CA 452:453 arg1 hydrogel 456:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel 434:463 calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 434:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 5 39 from PaE 1118:1120 arg1 intestine 1131:1139 small intestine 1125:1139 small intestine 1125:1139 The results demonstrated the composite capsules could concentrate PaE in small intestine, and enhance the absorption efficiency and in vivo efficacy. 30902715 4 40 theme oxidative 895:903 arg1 level 912:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 3 41 theme O2- 601:603 arg1 rate 616:619 O2- scavenging rate 601:619 O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE 601:639 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 3 42 theme In 485:486 arg1 assay 506:510 In vitro antioxidant assay 485:510 In vitro antioxidant assay 485:510 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 0 43 theme composite 58:66 arg1 capsules 68:75 composite capsules 58:75 composite capsules 58:75 Development of alginate hydrogel/gum Arabic/gelatin based composite capsules and their application as oral delivery carriers for antioxidant. 30902715 4 44 theme lower 889:893 arg1 level 912:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 4 45 from level 912:916 arg1 cells 1045:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 46 theme composite 250:258 arg1 capsules 260:267 The composite capsules 246:267 The composite capsules 246:267 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 3 47 theme obtained 523:530 arg1 capsules 542:549 the obtained composite capsules 519:549 the obtained composite capsules 519:549 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 4 48 theme oral 798:801 arg1 administration 803:816 oral administration 798:816 oral administration for 30 days 798:828 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 4 49 dep SOD 968:970 arg1 activity 985:992 activity 985:992 activity 985:992 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 4 50 theme malondialdehyde 1012:1026 arg1 content 1028:1034 lower malondialdehyde content 1006:1034 lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells 1006:1049 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 51 theme aibuhitensis 312:323 arg1 PaE 334:336 PaE 334:336 PaE 334:336 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 51 theme aibuhitensis 312:323 arg1 extract 325:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract 301:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE) 301:337 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 51 theme aibuhitensis 312:323 arg1 substance 348:356 a model substance 340:356 a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 340:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 52 theme antioxidant 369:379 arg1 activity 381:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 52 theme antioxidant 369:379 arg1 microcapsules 417:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules 391:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 391:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 3 53 dep 1.8 651:653 arg1 folds 655:659 folds 655:659 folds as that of free PaE 655:679 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 4 54 theme stress 905:910 arg1 level 912:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 significantly lower oxidative stress level 875:916 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 55 theme Perinereis 301:310 arg1 PaE 334:336 PaE 334:336 PaE 334:336 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 55 theme Perinereis 301:310 arg1 extract 325:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract 301:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE) 301:337 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 55 theme Perinereis 301:310 arg1 substance 348:356 a model substance 340:356 a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 340:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 1 56 theme microcapsules-immobilized 159:183 arg1 capsules 195:202 microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules 159:202 microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules 159:202 We have designed microcapsules-immobilized composite capsules and evaluated the oral delivery efficacy. 30902715 4 57 dep in 749:750 arg1 vivo 752:755 vivo 752:755 vivo 752:755 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 3 58 theme free 672:675 arg1 PaE 677:679 free PaE 672:679 free PaE 672:679 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 3 59 theme encapsulated 624:635 arg1 PaE 637:639 encapsulated PaE 624:639 encapsulated PaE 624:639 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 4 60 theme higher 961:966 arg1 SOD 968:970 higher SOD 961:970 higher SOD 961:970 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 30902715 2 61 contain possessing 358:367 arg2 microcapsules 417:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules 391:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 391:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 61 contain possessing 358:367 arg1 extract 325:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract 301:331 Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE) 301:337 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 61 contain possessing 358:367 arg2 activity 381:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 61 contain possessing 358:367 arg1 substance 348:356 a model substance 340:356 a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 340:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 3 62 theme PaE 637:639 arg1 rate 616:619 O2- scavenging rate 601:619 O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE 601:639 In vitro antioxidant assay showed the obtained composite capsules were able to protect PaE from gastric acid, since O2- scavenging rate of encapsulated PaE was about 1.8 folds as that of free PaE after 5 h incubation in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. 30902715 2 63 theme Arabic/gelatin 402:415 arg1 activity 381:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 antioxidant activity 369:388 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 2 63 theme Arabic/gelatin 402:415 arg1 microcapsules 417:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules 391:429 loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs) 391:482 The composite capsules were developed by encapsulating Perinereis aibuhitensis extract (PaE), a model substance possessing antioxidant activity, loaded gum Arabic/gelatin microcapsules in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel (PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs). 30902715 4 64 theme liver 1039:1043 arg1 cells 1045:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 liver cells 1039:1049 Moreover, in vivo study showed that after the treatment of oral administration for 30 days, the mice of PaE:CA/GA/GE-CCs group suffered significantly lower oxidative stress level than those of other groups, illustrated as higher SOD and catalase activity, as well as lower malondialdehyde content in liver cells. 31419551 0 0 theme peroxide-induced 86:101 arg1 injury 113:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury 77:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 77:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 1 theme RAW264.7 331:338 arg1 cells 340:344 RAW264.7 cells 331:344 RAW264.7 cells 331:344 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 2 from ALP 421:423 arg1 structure 390:398 structure 390:398 structure 390:398 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 2 from ALP 421:423 arg1 fraction 407:414 one fraction 403:414 one fraction from ALP (ALPN) 403:430 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 2 from ALP 421:423 arg1 composition 374:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 1 3 theme experiment 155:164 arg1 aim 143:145 The aim 139:145 The aim of this experiment 139:164 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 4 theme hydrogen 77:84 arg1 injury 113:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury 77:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 77:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 5 from effect 11:16 arg1 injury 113:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury 77:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 77:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 6 from injury 321:326 arg1 cells 340:344 RAW264.7 cells 331:344 RAW264.7 cells 331:344 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 8 7 theme RAW264.7 1383:1390 arg1 cells 1392:1396 RAW264.7 cells 1383:1396 RAW264.7 cells 1383:1396 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 5 8 from production 918:927 arg1 cells 998:1002 RAW264.7 cells 989:1002 RAW264.7 cells 989:1002 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 9 theme Infrared 517:524 arg1 FT-IR 539:543 FT-IR 539:543 FT-IR 539:543 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 9 theme Infrared 517:524 arg1 Spectoscopy 526:536 Infrared Spectoscopy 517:536 Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR) 517:544 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 6 10 theme GPX1 1109:1112 arg1 levels 1090:1095 the gene expression levels 1070:1095 the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1 1070:1112 The data from RT-PCR showed that ALPN (300 μg/mL) could increase the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1. 31419551 0 11 theme oxidative 103:111 arg1 injury 113:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury 77:118 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 77:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 12 dep increased 800:808 arg1 decreased 904:912 decreased 904:912 decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells 904:1002 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 6 13 from RT-PCR 1019:1024 arg1 data 1009:1012 The data 1005:1012 The data from RT-PCR 1005:1024 The data from RT-PCR showed that ALPN (300 μg/mL) could increase the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1. 31419551 7 14 theme expression 1163:1172 arg1 level 1174:1178 the protein expression level 1151:1178 the protein expression level of Nrf2 1151:1186 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 4 15 from assay 656:660 arg1 results 639:645 The results 635:645 The results from MTT assay 635:660 The results from MTT assay indicated that ALPN could markedly increase viability of cells compared with RAW264.7 cells exposed to H2O2. 31419551 3 16 contain contain 576:582 arg1 ALPN 571:574 ALPN 571:574 ALPN 571:574 The results showed that ALPN contain sulfate groups, which is sulfated polysaccharides. 31419551 3 16 contain contain 576:582 arg2 groups 592:597 sulfate groups 584:597 sulfate groups 584:597 The results showed that ALPN contain sulfate groups, which is sulfated polysaccharides. 31419551 0 17 theme RAW264.7 123:130 arg1 cells 132:136 RAW264.7 cells 123:136 RAW264.7 cells 123:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 7 18 theme Keap1 1233:1237 arg1 level 1224:1228 the protein expression level 1201:1228 the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot 1201:1255 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 5 19 theme malondialdehyde 932:946 arg1 production 918:927 the production 914:927 the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells 914:1002 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 20 theme glutathione 840:850 arg1 GSH-PX 864:869 GSH-PX 864:869 GSH-PX 864:869 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 20 theme glutathione 840:850 arg1 peroxidase 852:861 glutathione peroxidase 840:861 glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) 840:870 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 21 theme Liquid 466:471 arg1 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 21 theme Liquid 466:471 arg1 Chromatography 473:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography 449:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 449:493 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 9 22 theme Nrf2/Keap1 1499:1508 arg1 pathway 1520:1526 the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway 1495:1526 the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway 1495:1526 This protection mechanism may be related to activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. 31419551 7 23 theme expression 1213:1222 arg1 level 1224:1228 the protein expression level 1201:1228 the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot 1201:1255 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 9 24 theme signaling 1510:1518 arg1 pathway 1520:1526 the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway 1495:1526 the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway 1495:1526 This protection mechanism may be related to activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. 31419551 2 25 theme structure 390:398 arg1 Analysis 347:354 Analysis 347:354 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) 347:430 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 0 26 theme Protective 0:9 arg1 effect 11:16 Protective effect 0:16 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 0:137 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 27 theme hydrogen 278:285 arg1 H2O2 297:300 H2O2 297:300 H2O2 297:300 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 27 theme hydrogen 278:285 arg1 peroxide 287:294 hydrogen peroxide 278:294 hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 278:344 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 28 from composition 374:384 arg1 ALPN 426:429 ALPN 426:429 ALPN 426:429 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 28 from composition 374:384 arg1 ALP 421:423 ALP 421:423 ALP (ALPN) 421:430 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 4 29 theme cells 719:723 arg1 viability 706:714 viability 706:714 viability of cells 706:723 The results from MTT assay indicated that ALPN could markedly increase viability of cells compared with RAW264.7 cells exposed to H2O2. 31419551 1 30 theme protective 189:198 arg1 effects 200:206 the protective effects 185:206 the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber 185:241 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 31 theme polysaccharides 21:35 arg1 effect 11:16 Protective effect 0:16 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 0:137 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 32 dep Fourier 499:505 arg1 Transform 507:515 Transform 507:515 Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR) 507:544 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 8 33 theme Acaudina 1330:1337 arg1 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 8 33 theme Acaudina 1330:1337 arg1 leucoprocta 1339:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 1317:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) 1317:1355 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 4 34 theme RAW264.7 739:746 arg1 cells 748:752 RAW264.7 cells 739:752 RAW264.7 cells exposed to H2O2 739:768 The results from MTT assay indicated that ALPN could markedly increase viability of cells compared with RAW264.7 cells exposed to H2O2. 31419551 8 35 theme cucumber 1321:1328 arg1 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 8 35 theme cucumber 1321:1328 arg1 leucoprocta 1339:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 1317:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) 1317:1355 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 6 36 theme expression 1079:1088 arg1 levels 1090:1095 the gene expression levels 1070:1095 the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1 1070:1112 The data from RT-PCR showed that ALPN (300 μg/mL) could increase the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1. 31419551 6 37 theme SOD1 1100:1103 arg1 levels 1090:1095 the gene expression levels 1070:1095 the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1 1070:1112 The data from RT-PCR showed that ALPN (300 μg/mL) could increase the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1. 31419551 9 38 theme pathway 1520:1526 arg1 activation 1481:1490 activation 1481:1490 activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway 1481:1526 This protection mechanism may be related to activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. 31419551 2 39 theme High 449:452 arg1 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 39 theme High 449:452 arg1 Chromatography 473:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography 449:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 449:493 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 5 40 theme catalase 824:831 arg1 levels 814:819 the levels 810:819 the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) 810:901 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 41 theme sea 40:42 arg1 leucoprocta 62:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 7 42 theme protein 1205:1211 arg1 level 1224:1228 the protein expression level 1201:1228 the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot 1201:1255 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 1 43 dep leucoprocta 252:262 arg1 ALP 265:267 ALP 265:267 ALP 265:267 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 44 theme dehydrogenase 966:978 arg1 production 918:927 the production 914:927 the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells 914:1002 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 4 45 theme MTT 652:654 arg1 assay 656:660 MTT assay 652:660 MTT assay 652:660 The results from MTT assay indicated that ALPN could markedly increase viability of cells compared with RAW264.7 cells exposed to H2O2. 31419551 1 46 theme polysaccharides 211:225 arg1 effects 200:206 the protective effects 185:206 the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber 185:241 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 47 theme Performance 454:464 arg1 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 HPLC 489:492 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 47 theme Performance 454:464 arg1 Chromatography 473:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography 449:486 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 449:493 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 7 48 with Keap1 1233:1237 arg1 blot 1252:1255 western blot 1244:1255 western blot 1244:1255 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 3 49 theme sulfated 609:616 arg1 polysaccharides 618:632 sulfated polysaccharides 609:632 sulfated polysaccharides 609:632 The results showed that ALPN contain sulfate groups, which is sulfated polysaccharides. 31419551 3 50 theme sulfate 584:590 arg1 groups 592:597 sulfate groups 584:597 sulfate groups 584:597 The results showed that ALPN contain sulfate groups, which is sulfated polysaccharides. 31419551 2 51 from structure 390:398 arg1 ALPN 426:429 ALPN 426:429 ALPN 426:429 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 51 from structure 390:398 arg1 ALP 421:423 ALP 421:423 ALP (ALPN) 421:430 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 52 theme fraction 407:414 arg1 structure 390:398 structure 390:398 structure 390:398 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 2 52 theme fraction 407:414 arg1 composition 374:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 0 53 theme Acaudina 53:60 arg1 leucoprocta 62:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 7 54 theme protein 1155:1161 arg1 level 1174:1178 the protein expression level 1151:1178 the protein expression level of Nrf2 1151:1186 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 8 55 theme leucoprocta 1339:1349 arg1 polysaccharides 1298:1312 polysaccharides 1298:1312 polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) 1298:1355 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 5 56 theme superoxide 876:885 arg1 dismutase 887:895 superoxide dismutase 876:895 superoxide dismutase (SOD) 876:901 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 56 theme superoxide 876:885 arg1 SOD 898:900 SOD 898:900 SOD 898:900 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 57 theme cucumber 44:51 arg1 leucoprocta 62:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 40:72 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 58 theme oxidative 311:319 arg1 injury 321:326 oxidative injury 311:326 oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells 311:344 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 7 59 theme western 1244:1250 arg1 blot 1252:1255 western blot 1244:1255 western blot 1244:1255 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 8 60 theme H2O2-induced 1406:1417 arg1 injury 1429:1434 H2O2-induced oxidative injury 1406:1434 H2O2-induced oxidative injury 1406:1434 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 6 61 theme gene 1074:1077 arg1 levels 1090:1095 the gene expression levels 1070:1095 the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1 1070:1112 The data from RT-PCR showed that ALPN (300 μg/mL) could increase the gene expression levels of SOD1 and GPX1. 31419551 5 62 theme dismutase 887:895 arg1 levels 814:819 the levels 810:819 the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) 810:901 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 63 theme RAW264.7 989:996 arg1 cells 998:1002 RAW264.7 cells 989:1002 RAW264.7 cells 989:1002 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 8 64 theme sea 1317:1319 arg1 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 ALP 1352:1354 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 8 64 theme sea 1317:1319 arg1 leucoprocta 1339:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 1317:1349 sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) 1317:1355 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 9 65 theme protection 1442:1451 arg1 mechanism 1453:1461 This protection mechanism 1437:1461 This protection mechanism 1437:1461 This protection mechanism may be related to activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. 31419551 5 66 theme peroxidase 852:861 arg1 levels 814:819 the levels 810:819 the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) 810:901 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 1 67 theme sea 230:232 arg1 cucumber 234:241 sea cucumber 230:241 sea cucumber 230:241 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 0 68 from injury 113:118 arg1 cells 132:136 RAW264.7 cells 123:136 RAW264.7 cells 123:136 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 7 69 theme Nrf2 1183:1186 arg1 level 1174:1178 the protein expression level 1151:1178 the protein expression level of Nrf2 1151:1186 ALPN could also observably increase the protein expression level of Nrf2 and decrease the protein expression level of Keap1 with western blot. 31419551 1 70 theme cucumber 234:241 arg1 effects 200:206 the protective effects 185:206 the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber 185:241 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 8 71 theme oxidative 1419:1427 arg1 injury 1429:1434 H2O2-induced oxidative injury 1406:1434 H2O2-induced oxidative injury 1406:1434 Collectively, this study suggested that polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta (ALP) could effectively protect RAW264.7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative injury. 31419551 2 72 theme composition 374:384 arg1 Analysis 347:354 Analysis 347:354 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) 347:430 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31419551 0 73 theme leucoprocta 62:72 arg1 polysaccharides 21:35 polysaccharides 21:35 polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta 21:72 Protective effect of polysaccharides of sea cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 74 theme lactate 958:964 arg1 LDH 981:983 LDH 981:983 LDH 981:983 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 5 74 theme lactate 958:964 arg1 dehydrogenase 966:978 lactate dehydrogenase 958:978 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 958:984 Moreover, ALPN significantly increased the levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in RAW264.7 cells. 31419551 2 75 theme monosaccharide 359:372 arg1 composition 374:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 monosaccharide composition 359:384 Analysis of monosaccharide composition and structure of one fraction from ALP (ALPN) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). 31568487 0 0 theme micro-scale 75:85 arg1 devices 118:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 6 1 from performance 921:931 arg1 MFC 936:938 MFC 936:938 MFC 936:938 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 6 2 theme oxygen 1013:1018 arg1 permeability 1020:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 7 3 theme toxicity 1126:1133 arg1 MFC 1101:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 3 theme toxicity 1126:1133 arg1 assay 1135:1139 a toxicity assay 1124:1139 a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1124:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 3 4 theme composite 619:627 arg1 CS 633:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 7 5 theme μL 1150:1151 arg1 samples 1153:1159 16 μL samples 1147:1159 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1147:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 0 6 theme fuel 97:100 arg1 devices 118:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 3 7 theme PVA 629:631 arg1 CS 633:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 0 8 theme microbial 87:95 arg1 devices 118:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 8 9 theme disposal 1422:1429 arg1 method 1431:1436 disposal method 1422:1436 disposal method 1422:1436 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 9 theme disposal 1422:1429 arg1 burning 1403:1409 burning 1403:1409 burning 1403:1409 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 3 10 theme easily-biodegradable 517:536 arg1 chitosan 597:604 chitosan 597:604 chitosan (CS) 597:609 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 10 theme easily-biodegradable 517:536 arg1 CS 633:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 10 theme easily-biodegradable 517:536 arg1 materials 551:559 easily-biodegradable and economic materials 517:559 easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS 517:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 10 theme easily-biodegradable 517:536 arg1 poly 569:572 poly 569:572 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 569:594 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 6 11 theme ion 1037:1039 arg1 conductivity 1041:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 0 12 theme analytical 107:116 arg1 devices 118:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 8 13 dep need 1326:1329 arg1 of 1323:1324 of 1323:1324 of 1323:1324 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 3 14 theme simple 490:495 arg1 procedure 497:505 a simple procedure 488:505 a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS 488:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 6 15 theme membrane 980:987 arg1 permeability 1020:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 6 15 theme membrane 980:987 arg1 conductivity 1041:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 6 15 theme membrane 980:987 arg1 characteristics 989:1003 several membrane characteristics 972:1003 several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity 972:1052 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 0 16 theme cell 102:105 arg1 devices 118:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices 75:124 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 8 17 from Nafion® 1470:1476 arg1 fumes 1458:1462 toxic fluoride fumes 1443:1462 toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) 1443:1477 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 18 dep point 1317:1321 arg1 need 1326:1329 need 1326:1329 need 1326:1329 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 2 19 theme treatment 366:374 arg1 systems 376:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 2 20 theme low-cost 417:424 arg1 devices 438:444 low-cost, single-use devices 417:444 low-cost, single-use devices 417:444 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 2 21 dep low-cost 417:424 arg1 single-use 427:436 single-use 427:436 single-use 427:436 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 8 22 theme toxic 1443:1447 arg1 fumes 1458:1462 toxic fluoride fumes 1443:1462 toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) 1443:1477 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 5 23 theme power 853:857 arg1 times 846:850 Nafion® 4 times 836:850 Nafion® 4 times (power production) 836:869 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 5 23 theme power 853:857 arg1 production 859:868 power production 853:868 power production 853:868 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 2 24 theme wastewater 355:364 arg1 systems 376:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 7 25 contain containing 1161:1170 arg1 samples 1153:1159 16 μL samples 1147:1159 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1147:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 25 contain containing 1161:1170 arg2 toxicant 1196:1203 a model toxicant 1188:1203 a model toxicant 1188:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 25 contain containing 1161:1170 arg2 formaldehyde 1172:1183 formaldehyde 1172:1183 formaldehyde 1172:1183 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 1 26 theme low 262:264 arg1 cost 266:269 low cost 262:269 low cost for these devices 262:287 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 1 27 from cost 266:269 arg1 available 249:257 available 249:257 available 249:257 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 8 28 theme environmental 1255:1267 arg1 impact 1269:1274 low environmental impact 1251:1274 low environmental impact 1251:1274 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 2 29 theme large 349:353 arg1 systems 376:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 large wastewater treatment systems 349:382 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 0 30 theme new 22:24 arg1 membrane 36:43 a new composite membrane 20:43 a new composite membrane for point of need 20:61 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 1 31 theme viable 171:176 arg1 technology 178:187 a viable technology 169:187 a viable technology 169:187 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 7 32 theme micro-scale 1089:1099 arg1 assay 1135:1139 a toxicity assay 1124:1139 a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1124:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 32 theme micro-scale 1089:1099 arg1 MFC 1101:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 8 33 theme low 1251:1253 arg1 impact 1269:1274 low environmental impact 1251:1274 low environmental impact 1251:1274 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 34 theme analytical 1342:1351 arg1 devices 1353:1359 single-use analytical devices 1331:1359 single-use analytical devices 1331:1359 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 3 35 theme economic 542:549 arg1 chitosan 597:604 chitosan 597:604 chitosan (CS) 597:609 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 35 theme economic 542:549 arg1 CS 633:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 the composite PVA:CS 615:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 35 theme economic 542:549 arg1 materials 551:559 easily-biodegradable and economic materials 517:559 easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS 517:634 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 35 theme economic 542:549 arg1 poly 569:572 poly 569:572 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 569:594 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 0 36 theme membrane 36:43 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need 0:61 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 8 37 theme fluoride 1449:1456 arg1 fumes 1458:1462 toxic fluoride fumes 1443:1462 toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) 1443:1477 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 38 theme single-use 1331:1340 arg1 devices 1353:1359 single-use analytical devices 1331:1359 single-use analytical devices 1331:1359 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 5 39 theme PVA 809:811 arg1 membrane 816:823 PVA:CS membrane 809:823 PVA:CS membrane 809:823 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 5 40 theme typical 776:782 arg1 MFCs 791:794 a typical H-Type MFCs 774:794 a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic 774:904 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 0 41 theme composite 26:34 arg1 membrane 36:43 a new composite membrane 20:43 a new composite membrane for point of need 20:61 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 2 42 theme devices 438:444 arg1 fabrication 402:412 the fabrication 398:412 the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices 398:444 This is especially important not only for the designing of large wastewater treatment systems, but also for the fabrication of low-cost, single-use devices. 31568487 3 43 theme vinyl 575:579 arg1 poly 569:572 poly 569:572 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 569:594 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 3 43 theme vinyl 575:579 arg1 alcohol 581:587 vinyl alcohol 575:587 vinyl alcohol 575:587 In this work we synthesized membranes by a simple procedure involving easily-biodegradable and economic materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), chitosan (CS) and the composite PVA:CS. 31568487 5 44 theme H-Type 784:789 arg1 MFCs 791:794 a typical H-Type MFCs 774:794 a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic 774:904 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 7 45 used used 1116:1119 arg2 assay 1135:1139 a toxicity assay 1124:1139 a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1124:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 45 used used 1116:1119 arg2 MFC 1101:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 5 46 theme Nafion® 836:842 arg1 times 846:850 Nafion® 4 times 836:850 Nafion® 4 times (power production) 836:869 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 5 46 theme Nafion® 836:842 arg1 production 859:868 power production 853:868 power production 853:868 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 8 47 theme interesting 1294:1304 arg1 option 1306:1311 a very interesting option 1287:1311 a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment 1287:1512 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 7 48 theme model 1190:1194 arg1 toxicant 1196:1203 a model toxicant 1188:1203 a model toxicant 1188:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 48 theme model 1190:1194 arg1 formaldehyde 1172:1183 formaldehyde 1172:1183 formaldehyde 1172:1183 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 49 theme paper-based 1077:1087 arg1 assay 1135:1139 a toxicity assay 1124:1139 a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant 1124:1203 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 7 49 theme paper-based 1077:1087 arg1 MFC 1101:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 a paper-based micro-scale MFC 1075:1103 Moreover, we design a paper-based micro-scale MFC, which was used as a toxicity assay using 16 μL samples containing formaldehyde as a model toxicant. 31568487 8 50 dep PVA 1210:1212 arg1 offer 1245:1249 offer 1245:1249 offer low environmental impact 1245:1274 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 50 dep PVA 1210:1212 arg1 become 1280:1285 become 1280:1285 become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment 1280:1512 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 5 51 theme economic 897:904 arg1 times 886:890 75 times 883:890 75 times more economic 883:904 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 31568487 1 52 theme Microbial 127:135 arg1 MFCs 149:152 MFCs 149:152 MFCs 149:152 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 1 52 theme Microbial 127:135 arg1 cells 142:146 Microbial fuel cells 127:146 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) 127:153 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 1 53 theme sound 208:212 arg1 materials 214:222 environmentally sound materials 192:222 environmentally sound materials 192:222 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 6 54 theme several 972:978 arg1 permeability 1020:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 oxygen permeability 1013:1031 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 6 54 theme several 972:978 arg1 conductivity 1041:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 ion conductivity 1037:1052 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 6 54 theme several 972:978 arg1 characteristics 989:1003 several membrane characteristics 972:1003 several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity 972:1052 We found that performance in MFC depends over interactions among several membrane characteristics such as oxygen permeability and ion conductivity. 31568487 1 55 theme fuel 137:140 arg1 MFCs 149:152 MFCs 149:152 MFCs 149:152 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 1 55 theme fuel 137:140 arg1 cells 142:146 Microbial fuel cells 127:146 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) 127:153 Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can evolve in a viable technology if environmentally sound materials are developed and became available at low cost for these devices. 31568487 8 56 used used 1414:1417 arg2 method 1431:1436 disposal method 1422:1436 disposal method 1422:1436 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 56 used used 1414:1417 arg2 burning 1403:1409 burning 1403:1409 burning 1403:1409 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 0 57 theme need 58:61 arg1 point 49:53 point 49:53 point of need 49:61 Characterization of a new composite membrane for point of need paper-based micro-scale microbial fuel cell analytical devices. 31568487 8 58 theme low-income 1376:1385 arg1 countries 1387:1395 low-income countries 1376:1395 low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment 1376:1512 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 59 theme CS 1214:1215 arg1 membrane 1217:1224 CS membrane 1214:1224 CS membrane presented here 1214:1239 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 8 60 from devices 1353:1359 arg1 countries 1387:1395 low-income countries 1376:1395 low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment 1376:1512 The PVA:CS membrane presented here can offer low environmental impact and become a very interesting option for point of need single-use analytical devices, especially in low-income countries where burning is used as disposal method, and toxic fluoride fumes (from Nafion®) can be released to the environment. 31568487 5 61 theme CS 813:814 arg1 membrane 816:823 PVA:CS membrane 809:823 PVA:CS membrane 809:823 Performance was studied using the membrane as separator in a typical H-Type MFCs showing that PVA:CS membrane outperform Nafion® 4 times (power production) while being 75 times more economic. 29853141 6 0 theme acidic 1195:1200 arg1 environments 1202:1213 weakly acidic environments 1188:1213 weakly acidic environments 1188:1213 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 3 1 theme -embeded 602:609 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 1 theme -embeded 602:609 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 1 theme -embeded 602:609 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 1 theme -embeded 602:609 arg1 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 9 2 theme multilayer 1577:1586 arg1 coatings 1588:1595 the multilayer coatings 1573:1595 the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies 1573:1621 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 10 3 theme promisiong 1714:1723 arg1 applications 1725:1736 promisiong applications 1714:1736 promisiong applications 1714:1736 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 6 4 from pH 7.4 1146:1151 arg1 release 1162:1168 slow release 1157:1168 slow release 1157:1168 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 6 4 from pH 7.4 1146:1151 arg1 release 1135:1141 fast release 1130:1141 fast release at pH 7.4 1130:1151 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 3 5 theme Tob 598:600 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 5 theme Tob 598:600 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 5 theme Tob 598:600 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 5 theme Tob 598:600 arg1 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 5 6 theme modified 952:959 arg1 surface 961:967 the modified surface 948:967 the modified surface 948:967 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 10 7 theme postoperative 1752:1764 arg1 infection 1766:1774 postoperative infection 1752:1774 postoperative infection 1752:1774 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 5 8 theme chemical 904:911 arg1 compositions 913:924 chemical compositions 904:924 chemical compositions 904:924 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 3 9 theme charged 649:655 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 9 theme charged 649:655 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 9 theme charged 649:655 arg1 CHT 667:669 CHT 667:669 CHT 667:669 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 9 theme charged 649:655 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 1 10 theme coating 277:283 arg1 design 240:245 design 240:245 design 240:245 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 1 10 theme coating 277:283 arg1 development 251:261 development 251:261 development 251:261 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 10 11 theme unmet 1790:1794 arg1 need 1805:1808 unmet clinical need 1790:1808 unmet clinical need 1790:1808 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 1 12 from development 251:261 arg1 surface 292:298 the surface 288:298 the surface of implants 288:310 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 8 13 theme antibacterial 1452:1464 arg1 pattern 1467:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 Particularly, this functional coatings showed "long-term antibacterial" pattern in acid condition. 29853141 5 14 theme coatings 1044:1051 arg1 deposition 995:1004 the successuful deposition 979:1004 the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 979:1091 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 1 15 from design 240:245 arg1 surface 292:298 the surface 288:298 the surface of implants 288:310 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 5 16 theme Tob-loaded 1013:1022 arg1 coatings 1044:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 1 17 theme orthopaedic 171:181 arg1 implants 183:190 orthopaedic implants 171:190 orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties 171:233 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 0 18 theme chitosan/heparin 90:105 arg1 multilayer-coatings 67:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings 52:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin 52:105 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 1 19 theme satisfactory 197:208 arg1 properties 224:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 2 20 theme drug 542:545 arg1 efficiency 555:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 8 21 theme acid 1478:1481 arg1 condition 1483:1491 acid condition 1478:1491 acid condition 1478:1491 Particularly, this functional coatings showed "long-term antibacterial" pattern in acid condition. 29853141 0 22 theme efficient 112:120 arg1 properties 150:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 5 23 theme successuful 983:993 arg1 deposition 995:1004 the successuful deposition 979:1004 the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 979:1091 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 6 24 theme drug 1098:1101 arg1 profiles 1111:1118 The drug release profiles 1094:1118 The drug release profiles 1094:1118 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 4 25 theme Tob-contained 817:829 arg1 micelles 839:846 the Tob-contained heparin micelles 813:846 the Tob-contained heparin micelles 813:846 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 0 26 theme sustained 126:134 arg1 properties 150:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 5 27 theme polydopamine-modified 1060:1080 arg1 surface 1085:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 4 28 theme micelles 839:846 arg1 behavior 801:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 4 28 theme micelles 839:846 arg1 formation 755:763 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior 751:808 formation 755:763 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 7 29 theme initial 1328:1334 arg1 adhesion 1346:1353 initial bacterial adhesion 1328:1353 initial bacterial adhesion 1328:1353 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 5 30 from characterization 866:881 arg1 compositions 913:924 chemical compositions 904:924 chemical compositions 904:924 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 5 30 from characterization 866:881 arg1 hydrophilicity 930:943 hydrophilicity 930:943 hydrophilicity of the modified surface 930:967 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 5 30 from characterization 866:881 arg1 morphologies 890:901 the morphologies 886:901 the morphologies 886:901 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 1 31 with implants 183:190 arg1 properties 224:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 6 32 theme fast 1130:1133 arg1 release 1135:1141 fast release 1130:1141 fast release at pH 7.4 1130:1151 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 2 33 theme charge-weak 498:508 arg1 drugs 521:525 charge-weak antibiotic drugs 498:525 charge-weak antibiotic drugs 498:525 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 4 34 theme release 793:799 arg1 behavior 801:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 0 35 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 micelles 40:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles 0:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 0:160 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 5 36 from deposition 995:1004 arg1 surface 1085:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 5 37 theme multilayers 1032:1042 arg1 coatings 1044:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 0 38 theme tobramycin-embedded 20:38 arg1 micelles 40:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles 0:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 0:160 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 1 39 dep design 240:245 arg1 the 236:238 the 236:238 the 236:238 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 2 40 theme polymeric 450:458 arg1 micelles 460:467 polymeric micelles 450:467 polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency 450:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 7 41 theme nanostructured 1273:1286 arg1 multilayers 1288:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 9 42 theme MC3T3 1505:1509 arg1 Meanwhile 1494:1502 Meanwhile 1494:1502 Meanwhile 1494:1502 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 9 42 theme MC3T3 1505:1509 arg1 cells 1511:1515 MC3T3 cells 1505:1515 MC3T3 cells 1505:1515 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 10 43 theme wide 1681:1684 arg1 antibiotics 1697:1707 antibiotics 1697:1707 antibiotics 1697:1707 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 10 43 theme wide 1681:1684 arg1 variety 1686:1692 a wide variety 1679:1692 a wide variety of antibiotics 1679:1707 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 7 44 theme Tob-embed 1255:1263 arg1 multilayers 1288:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 3 45 theme building 721:728 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 45 theme building 721:728 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 45 theme building 721:728 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 46 theme LBL 706:708 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 46 theme LBL 706:708 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 46 theme LBL 706:708 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 47 theme charged 578:584 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 47 theme charged 578:584 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 47 theme charged 578:584 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 47 theme charged 578:584 arg1 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 9 48 from coatings 1588:1595 arg1 studies 1615:1621 cytocompatible studies 1600:1621 cytocompatible studies 1600:1621 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 2 49 theme pH-responsive 394:406 arg1 films 429:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films 394:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency 394:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 1 50 theme implants 303:310 arg1 surface 292:298 the surface 288:298 the surface of implants 288:310 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 6 51 theme weakly 1188:1193 arg1 environments 1202:1213 weakly acidic environments 1188:1213 weakly acidic environments 1188:1213 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 7 52 theme Antibacterial 1216:1228 arg1 tests 1230:1234 Antibacterial tests 1216:1234 Antibacterial tests 1216:1234 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 2 53 theme facile 356:361 arg1 strategy 363:370 a novel and facile strategy 344:370 a novel and facile strategy 344:370 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 9 54 theme cytocompatible 1600:1613 arg1 studies 1615:1621 cytocompatible studies 1600:1621 cytocompatible studies 1600:1621 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 2 55 theme novel 346:350 arg1 strategy 363:370 a novel and facile strategy 344:370 a novel and facile strategy 344:370 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 1 56 theme antibiotic 266:275 arg1 coating 277:283 antibiotic coating 266:283 antibiotic coating 266:283 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 8 57 theme functional 1414:1423 arg1 coatings 1425:1432 this functional coatings 1409:1432 this functional coatings 1409:1432 Particularly, this functional coatings showed "long-term antibacterial" pattern in acid condition. 29853141 10 58 theme clinical 1796:1803 arg1 need 1805:1808 unmet clinical need 1790:1808 unmet clinical need 1790:1808 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 7 59 theme bacterial 1336:1344 arg1 adhesion 1346:1353 initial bacterial adhesion 1328:1353 initial bacterial adhesion 1328:1353 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 0 60 theme nanostructured 52:65 arg1 multilayer-coatings 67:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings 52:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin 52:105 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 3 61 theme heparin 611:617 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 61 theme heparin 611:617 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 61 theme heparin 611:617 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 61 theme heparin 611:617 arg1 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 8 62 theme long-term 1442:1450 arg1 pattern 1467:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 Particularly, this functional coatings showed "long-term antibacterial" pattern in acid condition. 29853141 5 63 theme surface 961:967 arg1 compositions 913:924 chemical compositions 904:924 chemical compositions 904:924 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 5 63 theme surface 961:967 arg1 hydrophilicity 930:943 hydrophilicity 930:943 hydrophilicity of the modified surface 930:967 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 5 63 theme surface 961:967 arg1 morphologies 890:901 the morphologies 886:901 the morphologies 886:901 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 2 64 theme loading 547:553 arg1 efficiency 555:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 0 65 from micelles 40:47 arg1 multilayer-coatings 67:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings 52:85 nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin 52:105 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 8 66 theme " 1465:1465 arg1 pattern 1467:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 "long-term antibacterial" pattern 1441:1473 Particularly, this functional coatings showed "long-term antibacterial" pattern in acid condition. 29853141 1 67 theme antibacterial 210:222 arg1 properties 224:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 satisfactory antibacterial properties 197:233 To endow orthopaedic implants with satisfactory antibacterial properties, the design and development of antibiotic coating on the surface of implants is highly desired. 29853141 6 68 theme release 1103:1109 arg1 profiles 1111:1118 The drug release profiles 1094:1118 The drug release profiles 1094:1118 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 2 69 theme high 537:540 arg1 efficiency 555:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 high drug loading efficiency 537:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 0 70 theme antibacterial 136:148 arg1 properties 150:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 5 71 theme Ti 1082:1083 arg1 surface 1085:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 the polydopamine-modified Ti surface 1056:1091 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 4 72 theme heparin 831:837 arg1 micelles 839:846 the Tob-contained heparin micelles 813:846 the Tob-contained heparin micelles 813:846 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 0 73 theme pH-responsive 6:18 arg1 micelles 40:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles 0:47 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 0:160 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 5 74 theme CHT/HET 1024:1030 arg1 coatings 1044:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings 1009:1051 The characterization on the morphologies, chemical compositions and hydrophilicity of the modified surface confirmed the successuful deposition of the Tob-loaded CHT/HET multilayers coatings on the polydopamine-modified Ti surface. 29853141 4 75 theme pH-stimulated 779:791 arg1 behavior 801:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 pH-stimulated release behavior 779:808 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 2 76 theme LbL 424:426 arg1 films 429:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films 394:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency 394:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 4 77 dep formation 755:763 arg1 mechanism 765:773 mechanism 765:773 mechanism 765:773 The formation mechanism and pH-stimulated release behavior of the Tob-contained heparin micelles were studied. 29853141 6 78 theme slow 1157:1160 arg1 release 1162:1168 slow release 1157:1168 slow release 1157:1168 The drug release profiles displayed fast release at pH 7.4 and slow release after exposure to weakly acidic environments. 29853141 10 79 theme multilayer 1641:1650 arg1 coatings 1652:1659 these multilayer coatings 1635:1659 these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics 1635:1707 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 7 80 theme CHT/HET 1265:1271 arg1 multilayers 1288:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers 1251:1298 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 29853141 0 81 with micelles 40:47 arg1 properties 150:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 efficient and sustained antibacterial properties 112:159 Novel pH-responsive tobramycin-embedded micelles in nanostructured multilayer-coatings of chitosan/heparin with efficient and sustained antibacterial properties. 29853141 2 82 theme antibiotic 510:519 arg1 drugs 521:525 charge-weak antibiotic drugs 498:525 charge-weak antibiotic drugs 498:525 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 3 83 theme multilayer 710:719 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 83 theme multilayer 710:719 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 83 theme multilayer 710:719 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 9 84 theme acceptable 1524:1533 arg1 adhesion 1535:1542 acceptable adhesion 1524:1542 acceptable adhesion 1524:1542 Meanwhile, MC3T3 cells showed acceptable adhesion, spread and proliferation on the multilayer coatings in cytocompatible studies. 29853141 3 85 theme pH-responsive 692:704 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 85 theme pH-responsive 692:704 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 85 theme pH-responsive 692:704 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 2 86 theme layer-by-layer 408:421 arg1 films 429:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films 394:433 pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency 394:564 In this work a novel and facile strategy was developed to form pH-responsive layer-by-layer (LbL) films implanted with polymeric micelles as nano-vehicles loaded with charge-weak antibiotic drugs, enabling high drug loading efficiency. 29853141 10 87 theme antibiotics 1697:1707 arg1 antibiotics 1697:1707 antibiotics 1697:1707 antibiotics 1697:1707 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 10 87 theme antibiotics 1697:1707 arg1 variety 1686:1692 a wide variety 1679:1692 a wide variety of antibiotics 1679:1707 In a word, these multilayer coatings incorporated with a wide variety of antibiotics show promisiong applications in preventing postoperative infection and resolving unmet clinical need. 29853141 3 88 theme tobramycin 586:595 arg1 miscells 619:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells 567:626 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) 567:632 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 88 theme tobramycin 586:595 arg1 block 730:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block 690:734 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 88 theme tobramycin 586:595 arg1 chitosan 657:664 positively charged chitosan 638:664 positively charged chitosan (CHT) 638:670 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 3 88 theme tobramycin 586:595 arg1 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 HET 629:631 Negatively charged tobramycin (Tob)-embeded heparin miscells (HET) and positively charged chitosan (CHT) were exploited as a pH-responsive LBL multilayer building block, respectively. 29853141 7 89 theme biofilm 1376:1382 arg1 formation 1384:1392 biofilm formation 1376:1392 biofilm formation 1376:1392 Antibacterial tests indicated that the Tob-embed CHT/HET nanostructured multilayers not only strongly inhibited initial bacterial adhesion, but also disruptted biofilm formation. 31236201 5 0 theme EV 756:757 arg1 populations 759:769 The EV populations 752:769 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods 752:805 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 4 1 theme different 490:498 arg1 ultracentrifugation 548:566 differential ultracentrifugation 535:566 differential ultracentrifugation (UC) 535:571 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 1 theme different 490:498 arg1 gradient 624:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient 605:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) 605:637 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 1 theme different 490:498 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 1 theme different 490:498 arg1 isolation 588:596 total exosome isolation 574:596 total exosome isolation (TEI) 574:602 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 1 theme different 490:498 arg1 chromatography 658:671 size exclusion chromatography 643:671 size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 643:677 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 6 2 gly glycoproteins 989:1001 arg1 glycoproteins 989:1001 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 1 3 theme secreted 159:166 arg1 particles 168:176 small secreted particles 153:176 small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 153:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 6 4 theme enhanced 977:984 arg1 detection 1003:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 9 5 gly glycosylation 1479:1491 arg1 population 1517:1526 the isolated population 1504:1526 the isolated population 1504:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 10 6 theme structural 1669:1678 arg1 complexity 1695:1704 the structural and functional complexity 1665:1704 the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates 1665:1730 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 1 7 theme particles 168:176 arg1 group 144:148 a heterogeneous group 128:148 a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 128:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 7 theme particles 168:176 arg1 vesicles 109:116 Extracellular vesicles 95:116 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) 95:122 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 7 theme particles 168:176 arg1 particles 168:176 small secreted particles 153:176 small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 153:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 8 8 located detected 1300:1307 arg2 proteins 1277:1284 cancer-related proteins 1262:1284 cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1262:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 8 8 located detected 1300:1307 arg1 EVs 1312:1314 EVs 1312:1314 EVs isolated by TEI 1312:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 4 9 theme exosome 580:586 arg1 TEI 599:601 TEI 599:601 TEI 599:601 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 9 theme exosome 580:586 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 9 theme exosome 580:586 arg1 isolation 588:596 total exosome isolation 574:596 total exosome isolation (TEI) 574:602 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 10 theme protocols 517:525 arg1 use 483:485 The use 479:485 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 479:677 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 10 11 theme EV 1713:1714 arg1 glycoconjugates 1716:1730 the EV glycoconjugates 1709:1730 the EV glycoconjugates 1709:1730 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 12 theme different 717:725 arg1 glycoconjugates 735:749 glycoconjugates 735:749 glycoconjugates 735:749 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 12 theme different 717:725 arg1 sets 727:730 different sets 717:730 different sets of glycoconjugates 717:749 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 2 13 theme large 301:305 arg1 molecules 321:329 molecules 321:329 molecules 321:329 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 2 13 theme large 301:305 arg1 glycoconjugates 342:356 glycoconjugates 342:356 glycoconjugates 342:356 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 2 13 theme large 301:305 arg1 repertoire 307:316 a large repertoire 299:316 a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates 299:356 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 10 14 theme isolation 1604:1612 arg1 protocols 1614:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 10 15 theme glycoconjugates 1716:1730 arg1 complexity 1695:1704 the structural and functional complexity 1665:1704 the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates 1665:1730 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 5 16 theme glycan 837:842 arg1 profiles 844:851 similar protein and glycan profiles 817:851 profiles 844:851 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 10 17 theme adequate 1592:1599 arg1 protocols 1614:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 3 18 from study 387:391 arg1 impact 400:405 the impact 396:405 the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile 396:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 5 19 theme similar 817:823 arg1 protein 825:831 similar protein and glycan profiles 817:851 protein 825:831 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 5 20 theme ODG 787:789 arg1 methods 799:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 3 21 theme strategy 424:431 arg1 impact 400:405 the impact 396:405 the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile 396:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 4 22 theme size 643:646 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 22 theme size 643:646 arg1 SEC 674:676 SEC 674:676 SEC 674:676 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 22 theme size 643:646 arg1 chromatography 658:671 size exclusion chromatography 643:671 size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 643:677 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 10 23 theme EV 1601:1602 arg1 protocols 1614:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 adequate EV isolation protocols 1592:1622 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 9 24 theme isolation 1385:1393 arg1 methodologies 1395:1407 different isolation methodologies 1375:1407 different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population 1375:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 8 25 theme proteins 1277:1284 arg1 set 1255:1257 a considerable set 1240:1257 a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1240:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 8 25 theme proteins 1277:1284 arg1 proteins 1277:1284 cancer-related proteins 1262:1284 cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1262:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 1 26 theme Extracellular 95:107 arg1 group 144:148 a heterogeneous group 128:148 a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 128:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 26 theme Extracellular 95:107 arg1 EVs 119:121 EVs 119:121 EVs 119:121 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 26 theme Extracellular 95:107 arg1 vesicles 109:116 Extracellular vesicles 95:116 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) 95:122 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 26 theme Extracellular 95:107 arg1 particles 168:176 small secreted particles 153:176 small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 153:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 3 27 theme EV 440:441 arg1 populations 443:453 the EV populations' 436:454 the EV populations' glycosylation profile 436:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 0 28 theme isolation 10:18 arg1 approaches 20:29 Different isolation approaches 0:29 Different isolation approaches 0:29 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 7 29 theme methodology 1165:1175 arg1 EVs 1130:1132 EVs 1130:1132 EVs independently of the isolation methodology 1130:1175 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 1 30 theme intercellular 190:202 arg1 communication 204:216 intercellular communication 190:216 intercellular communication 190:216 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 0 31 theme Different 0:8 arg1 approaches 20:29 Different isolation approaches 0:29 Different isolation approaches 0:29 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 6 32 theme isolation 945:953 arg1 protocols 955:963 SEC isolation protocols 941:963 SEC isolation protocols 941:963 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 9 33 from consequences 1459:1470 arg1 profile 1493:1499 the glycosylation profile 1475:1499 the glycosylation profile of the isolated population 1475:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 2 34 theme molecules 321:329 arg1 molecules 321:329 molecules 321:329 molecules 321:329 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 2 34 theme molecules 321:329 arg1 glycoconjugates 342:356 glycoconjugates 342:356 glycoconjugates 342:356 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 2 34 theme molecules 321:329 arg1 repertoire 307:316 a large repertoire 299:316 a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates 299:356 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 35 theme exclusion 648:656 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 35 theme exclusion 648:656 arg1 SEC 674:676 SEC 674:676 SEC 674:676 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 35 theme exclusion 648:656 arg1 chromatography 658:671 size exclusion chromatography 643:671 size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 643:677 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 3 36 theme first 381:385 arg1 study 387:391 the first study 377:391 the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile 377:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 0 37 gly glycosylated 47:58 arg1 populations 82:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 7 38 theme glycan 1068:1073 arg1 STn 1086:1088 STn 1086:1088 STn 1086:1088 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 7 38 theme glycan 1068:1073 arg1 sialyl-Tn 1075:1083 the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn 1046:1083 the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) 1046:1089 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 10 39 theme culture 1633:1639 arg1 conditions 1641:1650 cell culture conditions 1628:1650 cell culture conditions 1628:1650 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 40 theme glycoconjugates 735:749 arg1 glycoconjugates 735:749 glycoconjugates 735:749 glycoconjugates 735:749 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 40 theme glycoconjugates 735:749 arg1 sets 727:730 different sets 717:730 different sets of glycoconjugates 717:749 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 9 41 theme EVs 1431:1433 arg1 populations 1416:1426 the populations 1412:1426 the populations of EVs 1412:1433 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 3 42 theme glycosylation 456:468 arg1 profile 470:476 the EV populations' glycosylation profile 436:476 the EV populations' glycosylation profile 436:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 1 43 dep particles 168:176 arg1 mediating 222:230 mediating 222:230 mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 222:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 43 dep particles 168:176 arg1 involved 178:185 involved 178:185 involved in intercellular communication 178:216 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 4 44 theme total 574:578 arg1 TEI 599:601 TEI 599:601 TEI 599:601 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 44 theme total 574:578 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 44 theme total 574:578 arg1 isolation 588:596 total exosome isolation 574:596 total exosome isolation (TEI) 574:602 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 6 45 theme glycoproteins 989:1001 arg1 detection 1003:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 6 46 theme EV 986:987 arg1 detection 1003:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection 974:1011 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 9 47 theme isolated 1508:1515 arg1 population 1517:1526 the isolated population 1504:1526 the isolated population 1504:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 5 48 theme SEC 795:797 arg1 methods 799:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 0 49 theme diverse 39:45 arg1 populations 82:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 8 50 theme cancer-related 1262:1275 arg1 proteins 1277:1284 cancer-related proteins 1262:1284 cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1262:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 8 51 theme EV 1191:1192 arg1 samples 1194:1200 EV samples 1191:1200 EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC 1191:1228 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 3 52 theme isolation 414:422 arg1 strategy 424:431 the isolation strategy 410:431 the isolation strategy 410:431 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 4 53 theme differential 535:546 arg1 ultracentrifugation 548:566 differential ultracentrifugation 535:566 differential ultracentrifugation (UC) 535:571 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 53 theme differential 535:546 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 53 theme differential 535:546 arg1 UC 569:570 UC 569:570 UC 569:570 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 7 54 theme tumour-associated 1050:1066 arg1 STn 1086:1088 STn 1086:1088 STn 1086:1088 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 7 54 theme tumour-associated 1050:1066 arg1 sialyl-Tn 1075:1083 the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn 1046:1083 the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) 1046:1089 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 4 55 theme density 616:622 arg1 ODG 634:636 ODG 634:636 ODG 634:636 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 55 theme density 616:622 arg1 gradient 624:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient 605:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) 605:637 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 55 theme density 616:622 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 1 56 theme broad 234:238 arg1 spectrum 240:247 a broad spectrum 232:247 a broad spectrum of biological functions 232:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 0 57 theme extracellular 60:72 arg1 populations 82:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 10 58 theme cell 1628:1631 arg1 conditions 1641:1650 cell culture conditions 1628:1650 cell culture conditions 1628:1650 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 6 59 theme SEC 941:943 arg1 protocols 955:963 SEC isolation protocols 941:963 SEC isolation protocols 941:963 In addition, ODG and SEC isolation protocols provided an enhanced EV glycoproteins detection. 31236201 4 60 theme EV 691:692 arg1 populations 694:704 EV populations 691:704 EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates 691:749 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 0 61 theme glycosylated 47:58 arg1 populations 82:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 4 62 theme state-of-the-art 500:515 arg1 ultracentrifugation 548:566 differential ultracentrifugation 535:566 differential ultracentrifugation (UC) 535:571 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 62 theme state-of-the-art 500:515 arg1 gradient 624:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient 605:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) 605:637 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 62 theme state-of-the-art 500:515 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 62 theme state-of-the-art 500:515 arg1 isolation 588:596 total exosome isolation 574:596 total exosome isolation (TEI) 574:602 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 62 theme state-of-the-art 500:515 arg1 chromatography 658:671 size exclusion chromatography 643:671 size exclusion chromatography (SEC) 643:677 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 9 63 from methodologies 1395:1407 arg1 populations 1416:1426 the populations 1412:1426 the populations of EVs 1412:1433 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 5 64 dep displayed 807:815 arg1 whereas 854:860 whereas 854:860 whereas 854:860 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 7 65 theme isolation 1155:1163 arg1 methodology 1165:1175 the isolation methodology 1151:1175 the isolation methodology 1151:1175 Remarkably, proteins displaying the tumour-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) were identified as packaged cargo into EVs independently of the isolation methodology. 31236201 5 66 theme distinct 896:903 arg1 population 908:917 the most distinct EV population 887:917 the most distinct EV population 887:917 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 8 67 contain carrying 1182:1189 arg1 STn 1178:1180 STn 1178:1180 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC 1178:1228 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 8 67 contain carrying 1182:1189 arg2 samples 1194:1200 EV samples 1191:1200 EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC 1191:1228 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 5 68 theme UC 783:784 arg1 methods 799:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 UC, ODG and SEC methods 783:805 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 10 69 theme functional 1684:1693 arg1 complexity 1695:1704 the structural and functional complexity 1665:1704 the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates 1665:1730 Furthermore, our results highlight the importance of selecting adequate EV isolation protocols and cell culture conditions to determine the structural and functional complexity of the EV glycoconjugates. 31236201 1 70 theme heterogeneous 130:142 arg1 group 144:148 a heterogeneous group 128:148 a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 128:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 70 theme heterogeneous 130:142 arg1 vesicles 109:116 Extracellular vesicles 95:116 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) 95:122 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 1 70 theme heterogeneous 130:142 arg1 particles 168:176 small secreted particles 153:176 small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 153:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 9 71 theme population 1517:1526 arg1 profile 1493:1499 the glycosylation profile 1475:1499 the glycosylation profile of the isolated population 1475:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 9 72 theme glycosylation 1479:1491 arg1 profile 1493:1499 the glycosylation profile 1475:1499 the glycosylation profile of the isolated population 1475:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 5 73 theme EV 905:906 arg1 population 908:917 the most distinct EV population 887:917 the most distinct EV population 887:917 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 2 74 theme EVs 274:276 arg1 cargo 278:282 EVs cargo 274:282 EVs cargo 274:282 EVs cargo is composed of a large repertoire of molecules, including glycoconjugates. 31236201 8 75 theme considerable 1242:1253 arg1 set 1255:1257 a considerable set 1240:1257 a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1240:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 8 75 theme considerable 1242:1253 arg1 proteins 1277:1284 cancer-related proteins 1262:1284 cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI 1262:1330 STn carrying EV samples isolated by UC, ODG and SEC presented a considerable set of cancer-related proteins that were not detected in EVs isolated by TEI. 31236201 5 76 theme TEI 862:864 arg1 methodology 866:876 TEI methodology 862:876 TEI methodology 862:876 The EV populations obtained by UC, ODG and SEC methods displayed similar protein and glycan profiles, whereas TEI methodology isolated the most distinct EV population. 31236201 1 77 theme biological 252:261 arg1 functions 263:271 biological functions 252:271 biological functions 252:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 0 78 theme vesicle 74:80 arg1 populations 82:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations 39:92 Different isolation approaches lead to diverse glycosylated extracellular vesicle populations. 31236201 3 79 from impact 400:405 arg1 profile 470:476 the EV populations' glycosylation profile 436:476 the EV populations' glycosylation profile 436:476 Herein, we report the first study on the impact of the isolation strategy on the EV populations' glycosylation profile. 31236201 4 80 theme OptiPrepTM 605:614 arg1 ODG 634:636 ODG 634:636 ODG 634:636 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 80 theme OptiPrepTM 605:614 arg1 gradient 624:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient 605:631 OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) 605:637 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 4 80 theme OptiPrepTM 605:614 arg1 protocols 517:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 different state-of-the-art protocols 490:525 The use of different state-of-the-art protocols, namely differential ultracentrifugation (UC), total exosome isolation (TEI), OptiPrepTM density gradient (ODG) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) resulted in EV populations displaying different sets of glycoconjugates. 31236201 1 81 theme small 153:157 arg1 particles 168:176 small secreted particles 153:176 small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions 153:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 31236201 9 82 theme different 1375:1383 arg1 methodologies 1395:1407 different isolation methodologies 1375:1407 different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population 1375:1526 Our work demonstrates the impact of using different isolation methodologies in the populations of EVs that are obtained, with consequences in the glycosylation profile of the isolated population. 31236201 1 83 theme functions 263:271 arg1 spectrum 240:247 a broad spectrum 232:247 a broad spectrum of biological functions 232:271 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of small secreted particles involved in intercellular communication and mediating a broad spectrum of biological functions. 30548624 9 0 with contrast 1868:1875 arg1 decrease 1892:1899 a notable decrease 1882:1899 a notable decrease in the viscous component G″ 1882:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 7 1 theme cryoconservants 1382:1396 arg1 addition 1370:1377 the addition 1366:1377 the addition of cryoconservants 1366:1396 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 7 1 theme cryoconservants 1382:1396 arg1 time 1414:1417 the storage time 1402:1417 the storage time 1402:1417 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 9 2 theme viscous 1908:1914 arg1 G″ 1926:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 5 3 theme oscillatory 880:890 arg1 tests 892:896 dynamic oscillatory tests 872:896 dynamic oscillatory tests 872:896 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 8 4 theme apparent 1616:1623 arg1 viscosity 1625:1633 decreased apparent viscosity 1606:1633 decreased apparent viscosity 1606:1633 During the freezing/thawing process, decreased apparent viscosity was noted. 30548624 0 5 theme Xanthosoma 70:79 arg1 Mafafa 62:67 Mafafa 62:67 Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) 62:89 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 0 5 theme Xanthosoma 70:79 arg1 robustum 81:88 Xanthosoma robustum 70:88 Xanthosoma robustum 70:88 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 6 6 contain containing 1319:1328 arg2 carrageenan 1330:1340 carrageenan 1330:1340 carrageenan 1330:1340 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 6 6 contain containing 1319:1328 arg1 purees 1312:1317 those purees 1306:1317 those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant 1306:1358 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 4 7 theme frozen 666:671 arg1 storage 673:679 frozen storage 666:679 frozen storage 666:679 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 4 8 from properties 750:759 arg1 puree 790:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 4 9 theme microbiological 734:748 arg1 properties 750:759 the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties 684:759 properties 750:759 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 3 10 theme sensory 525:531 arg1 properties 533:542 physical and sensory properties 512:542 physical and sensory properties 512:542 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 10 theme sensory 525:531 arg1 texture 492:498 the food's texture 481:498 the food's texture 481:498 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 7 11 theme exudation 1494:1502 arg1 lower 1510:1514 lower 1510:1514 lower 1510:1514 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 7 11 theme exudation 1494:1502 arg1 degree 1484:1489 the degree 1480:1489 the degree of exudation 1480:1502 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 2 12 from interest 176:183 arg1 products 205:212 processed frozen products 188:212 processed frozen products with similar characteristics 188:241 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 5 13 dep properties 949:958 arg1 properties 949:958 the physicochemical properties 929:958 the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) 929:995 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 13 dep properties 949:958 arg1 pH 978:979 pH 978:979 pH 978:979 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 13 dep properties 949:958 arg1 syneresis 986:994 syneresis 986:994 syneresis 986:994 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 13 dep properties 949:958 arg1 color 971:975 color 971:975 color 971:975 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 13 dep properties 949:958 arg1 humidity 961:968 humidity 961:968 humidity 961:968 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 6 14 theme important 1131:1139 arg1 p > .05 1152:1158 p > .05 1152:1158 p > .05 1152:1158 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 6 14 theme important 1131:1139 arg1 variation 1141:1149 important variation 1131:1149 important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation 1131:1191 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 3 15 theme physical 512:519 arg1 properties 533:542 physical and sensory properties 512:542 physical and sensory properties 512:542 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 15 theme physical 512:519 arg1 texture 492:498 the food's texture 481:498 the food's texture 481:498 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 4 16 theme rheological 688:698 arg1 properties 750:759 the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties 684:759 properties 750:759 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 6 17 from proportion 1292:1301 arg1 purees 1312:1317 those purees 1306:1317 those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant 1306:1358 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 5 18 theme steady 905:910 arg1 state 912:916 steady state 905:916 steady state 905:916 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 3 19 theme structure 412:420 arg1 characteristics 335:349 The characteristics 331:349 The characteristics of each matrix 331:364 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 19 theme structure 412:420 arg1 interactions 447:458 the interactions 443:458 the interactions amongst these 443:472 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 19 theme structure 412:420 arg1 process 371:377 the process 367:377 the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives 367:437 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 7 20 theme storage 1406:1412 arg1 time 1414:1417 the storage time 1402:1417 the storage time 1402:1417 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 9 21 theme significant 1765:1775 arg1 effect 1777:1782 a significant effect 1763:1782 a significant effect (p < .05) 1763:1792 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 21 theme significant 1765:1775 arg1 p < .05 1785:1791 p < .05 1785:1791 p < .05 1785:1791 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 3 22 dep modify 474:479 arg1 interfere 556:564 interfere 556:564 interfere directly with consumer acceptance 556:598 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 4 23 from effect 627:632 arg1 properties 750:759 the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties 684:759 properties 750:759 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 1 24 theme cryoprotectants 151:165 arg1 addition 139:146 the addition 135:146 the addition of cryoprotectants 135:165 with the addition of cryoprotectants. 30548624 9 25 theme purees 1711:1716 arg1 properties 1693:1702 the viscoelastic properties 1676:1702 the viscoelastic properties of the purees 1676:1716 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 26 from decrease 1892:1899 arg1 G″ 1926:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 6 27 theme humidity 1054:1061 arg1 content 1063:1069 the humidity content 1050:1069 the humidity content in the purees formulated 1050:1094 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 4 28 theme adding 637:642 arg1 cryoprotectors 644:657 adding cryoprotectors 637:657 adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage 637:679 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 0 29 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 32:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties 0:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 0:128 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 5 30 theme rheological 825:835 arg1 properties 837:846 the rheological properties 821:846 the rheological properties 821:846 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 4 31 theme physicochemical 701:715 arg1 properties 750:759 the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties 684:759 properties 750:759 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 6 32 theme physicochemical 1022:1036 arg1 properties 1038:1047 physicochemical properties 1022:1047 physicochemical properties 1022:1047 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 3 33 theme matrix 359:364 arg1 characteristics 335:349 The characteristics 331:349 The characteristics of each matrix 331:364 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 33 theme matrix 359:364 arg1 interactions 447:458 the interactions 443:458 the interactions amongst these 443:472 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 33 theme matrix 359:364 arg1 process 371:377 the process 367:377 the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives 367:437 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 2 34 with products 205:212 arg1 characteristics 227:241 similar characteristics 219:241 similar characteristics 219:241 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 6 35 theme greater 1284:1290 arg1 proportion 1292:1301 greater proportion 1284:1301 greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant 1284:1358 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 2 36 theme products 294:301 arg1 study 281:285 the study 277:285 the study of new products in the food industry field 277:328 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 9 37 theme component 1916:1924 arg1 G″ 1926:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 the viscous component G″ 1904:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 0 38 theme rheological 20:30 arg1 properties 32:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties 0:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 0:128 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 7 39 theme w/w 1564:1566 arg1 % 1562:1562 1% w/w 1561:1566 1% w/w 1561:1566 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 0 40 theme Chenopodium 103:113 arg1 quinoa 115:120 Chenopodium quinoa 103:120 Chenopodium quinoa Willd. 103:127 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 2 41 theme Growing 168:174 arg1 interest 176:183 Growing interest 168:183 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products 168:261 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 2 42 theme new 290:292 arg1 products 294:301 new products 290:301 new products 290:301 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 0 43 theme purees 46:51 arg1 properties 32:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties 0:41 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 0:128 Physicochemical and rheological properties of purees based on Mafafa (Xanthosoma robustum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) 30548624 3 44 theme composition 395:405 arg1 characteristics 335:349 The characteristics 331:349 The characteristics of each matrix 331:364 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 44 theme composition 395:405 arg1 interactions 447:458 the interactions 443:458 the interactions amongst these 443:472 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 44 theme composition 395:405 arg1 process 371:377 the process 367:377 the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives 367:437 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 2 45 theme similar 219:225 arg1 characteristics 227:241 similar characteristics 219:241 similar characteristics 219:241 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 9 46 located observed 1798:1805 arg2 p < .05 1785:1791 p < .05 1785:1791 p < .05 1785:1791 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 46 located observed 1798:1805 arg1 contrast 1868:1875 contrast 1868:1875 contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″ 1868:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 46 located observed 1798:1805 arg2 effect 1777:1782 a significant effect 1763:1782 a significant effect (p < .05) 1763:1792 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 3 47 theme additives 429:437 arg1 structure 412:420 structure 412:420 structure 412:420 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 47 theme additives 429:437 arg1 elaboration 382:392 elaboration 382:392 elaboration 382:392 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 47 theme additives 429:437 arg1 composition 395:405 composition 395:405 composition 395:405 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 9 48 theme viscoelastic 1680:1691 arg1 properties 1693:1702 the viscoelastic properties 1676:1702 the viscoelastic properties of the purees 1676:1716 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 7 49 theme xanthan 1546:1552 arg1 gum 1554:1556 xanthan gum 1546:1556 xanthan gum 1546:1556 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 3 50 theme elaboration 382:392 arg1 characteristics 335:349 The characteristics 331:349 The characteristics of each matrix 331:364 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 50 theme elaboration 382:392 arg1 interactions 447:458 the interactions 443:458 the interactions amongst these 443:472 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 3 50 theme elaboration 382:392 arg1 process 371:377 the process 367:377 the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives 367:437 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 9 51 dep described 1741:1749 arg1 given 1752:1756 given 1752:1756 given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″ 1752:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 2 52 theme frozen 198:203 arg1 products 205:212 processed frozen products 188:212 processed frozen products with similar characteristics 188:241 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 9 53 theme elastic 1843:1849 arg1 G 1861:1861 the elastic component G' 1839:1862 the elastic component G' 1839:1862 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 54 theme component 1851:1859 arg1 G 1861:1861 the elastic component G' 1839:1862 the elastic component G' 1839:1862 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 7 55 contain containing 1535:1544 arg1 formulation 1523:1533 the formulation 1519:1533 the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w 1519:1566 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 7 55 contain containing 1535:1544 arg2 gum 1554:1556 xanthan gum 1546:1556 xanthan gum 1546:1556 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 30548624 2 56 theme processed 188:196 arg1 products 205:212 processed frozen products 188:212 processed frozen products with similar characteristics 188:241 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 3 57 theme consumer 580:587 arg1 acceptance 589:598 consumer acceptance 580:598 consumer acceptance 580:598 The characteristics of each matrix, the process of elaboration, composition, and structure of the additives and the interactions amongst these modify the food's texture, structure, physical and sensory properties and, hence, interfere directly with consumer acceptance. 30548624 9 58 theme notable 1884:1890 arg1 decrease 1892:1899 a notable decrease 1882:1899 a notable decrease in the viscous component G″ 1882:1927 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 2 59 theme industry 315:322 arg1 field 324:328 the food industry field 306:328 the food industry field 306:328 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 8 60 theme freezing/thawing 1580:1595 arg1 process 1597:1603 the freezing/thawing process 1576:1603 the freezing/thawing process 1576:1603 During the freezing/thawing process, decreased apparent viscosity was noted. 30548624 6 61 theme freezing/thawing 1229:1244 arg1 process 1246:1252 the freezing/thawing process 1225:1252 the freezing/thawing process 1225:1252 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 5 62 theme physicochemical 933:947 arg1 properties 949:958 the physicochemical properties 929:958 the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) 929:995 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 62 theme physicochemical 933:947 arg1 pH 978:979 pH 978:979 pH 978:979 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 62 theme physicochemical 933:947 arg1 syneresis 986:994 syneresis 986:994 syneresis 986:994 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 62 theme physicochemical 933:947 arg1 color 971:975 color 971:975 color 971:975 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 5 62 theme physicochemical 933:947 arg1 humidity 961:968 humidity 961:968 humidity 961:968 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 4 63 theme structural 718:727 arg1 properties 750:759 the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties 684:759 properties 750:759 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 2 64 theme food 310:313 arg1 field 324:328 the food industry field 306:328 the food industry field 306:328 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 8 65 theme decreased 1606:1614 arg1 viscosity 1625:1633 decreased apparent viscosity 1606:1633 decreased apparent viscosity 1606:1633 During the freezing/thawing process, decreased apparent viscosity was noted. 30548624 4 66 theme Mafafa-quinoa-olive 766:784 arg1 puree 790:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 9 67 theme properties 1693:1702 arg1 analysis 1664:1671 the analysis 1660:1671 the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees 1660:1716 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 9 68 theme purees 1829:1834 arg1 formulation 1814:1824 the formulation 1810:1824 the formulation of purees in the elastic component G' 1810:1862 Additionally, the analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the purees evidences that already described, given that a significant effect (p < .05) was observed of the formulation of purees in the elastic component G', in contrast with a notable decrease in the viscous component G″. 30548624 2 69 theme natural 246:252 arg1 products 254:261 natural products 246:261 natural products 246:261 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 5 70 theme dynamic 872:878 arg1 tests 892:896 dynamic oscillatory tests 872:896 dynamic oscillatory tests 872:896 To carry out the study, the rheological properties were determined through dynamic oscillatory tests and in steady state; likewise, the physicochemical properties (humidity, color, pH, and syneresis) were analyzed. 30548624 2 71 from study 281:285 arg1 field 324:328 the food industry field 306:328 the food industry field 306:328 Growing interest in processed frozen products with similar characteristics to natural products has generated the study of new products in the food industry field. 30548624 6 72 from content 1063:1069 arg1 purees 1078:1083 the purees 1074:1083 the purees formulated 1074:1094 Regarding physicochemical properties, the humidity content in the purees formulated varied between 57 and 74%, without important variation (p > .05) with respect to the formulation, however, in the storage during the freezing/thawing process, this parameter diminished in greater proportion in those purees containing carrageenan as cryoconservant. 30548624 4 73 theme oil 786:788 arg1 puree 790:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 764:794 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 4 74 theme cryoprotectors 644:657 arg1 effect 627:632 the effect 623:632 the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree 623:794 This research studied the effect of adding cryoprotectors during frozen storage on the rheological, physicochemical, structural, and microbiological properties in a Mafafa-quinoa-olive oil puree. 30548624 7 75 dep significantly 1428:1440 arg1 p < .05 1443:1449 p < .05 1443:1449 p < .05 1443:1449 Both the addition of cryoconservants and the storage time affected significantly (p < .05) the puree's syneresis, with the degree of exudation being lower in the formulation containing xanthan gum at 1% w/w. 31422531 4 0 theme zinc 593:596 arg1 oxide 598:602 zinc oxide 593:602 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 593:626 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 7 1 dep synthesized 1076:1086 arg1 characterized 1093:1105 characterized 1093:1105 were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD) 1071:1258 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 4 2 theme nanoparticles 604:616 arg1 efficiency 569:578 the efficiency 565:578 the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 565:658 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 10 3 theme ZnO 1663:1665 arg1 NPs 1667:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs 1637:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively 1637:1729 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 12 4 used used 2016:2019 arg2 alternative 2071:2081 an alternative 2068:2081 an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents 2068:2117 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 12 4 used used 2016:2019 arg2 composite 1999:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 9 5 dep followed 1561:1568 arg1 % 1619:1619 66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3% 1593:1619 66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3% 1593:1619 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 7 6 theme transmission 1110:1121 arg1 microscopy 1132:1141 transmission electron microscopy 1110:1141 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 1110:1147 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 6 theme transmission 1110:1121 arg1 TEM 1144:1146 TEM 1144:1146 TEM 1144:1146 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 11 7 theme main 1884:1887 arg1 reservoir 1889:1897 the main reservoir 1880:1897 the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms 1880:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 1 8 with antimicrobial 302:314 arg1 materials 333:341 alternative materials 321:341 alternative materials 321:341 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 12 9 theme biosecurity 2028:2038 arg1 program 2040:2046 any biosecurity program 2024:2046 any biosecurity program of poultry farms 2024:2063 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 1 10 theme growing 185:191 arg1 trend 193:197 a growing trend 183:197 a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks 183:266 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 0 11 theme chitosan/zinc 109:121 arg1 nanocomposite 129:141 chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite 109:141 chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite 109:141 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 1 12 theme bacteria 401:408 arg1 control 376:382 the control 372:382 the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms 372:423 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 11 13 theme bacterial 1916:1924 arg1 contaminant 1926:1936 Campylobacter bacterial contaminant 1902:1936 Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms 1902:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 4 14 theme NPs 646:648 arg1 composite 650:658 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 633:658 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 633:658 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 0 15 theme nanocomposite 129:141 arg1 efficiency 95:104 the efficiency 91:104 the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy 91:171 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 1 16 theme biosecurity 212:222 arg1 measures 224:231 implement biosecurity measures 202:231 implement biosecurity measures 202:231 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 8 17 theme minimum 1421:1427 arg1 MBC 1457:1459 MBC 1457:1459 MBC 1457:1459 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 8 17 theme minimum 1421:1427 arg1 concentration 1442:1454 minimum bactericidal concentration 1421:1454 minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) 1421:1460 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 7 18 theme chitosan/ZnO 1044:1055 arg1 composite 1061:1069 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1044:1069 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1044:1069 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 11 19 theme manure 1829:1834 arg1 area 1844:1847 manure storage area 1829:1847 manure storage area 1829:1847 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 1 20 from trend 193:197 arg1 flocks 261:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 11 21 theme poultry 1967:1973 arg1 farms 1975:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 8 22 theme compounds 1287:1295 arg1 efficiency 1265:1274 The efficiency 1261:1274 The efficiency of testing compounds 1261:1295 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 12 23 theme Chitosan/ZnO 1982:1993 arg1 alternative 2071:2081 an alternative 2068:2081 an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents 2068:2117 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 12 23 theme Chitosan/ZnO 1982:1993 arg1 composite 1999:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 11 24 theme broiler 1853:1859 arg1 litter 1861:1866 broiler litter 1853:1866 broiler litter 1853:1866 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 6 25 theme bacteria 1012:1019 arg1 identification 994:1007 molecular identification 984:1007 molecular identification of bacteria using PCR 984:1029 All samples were subjected to microbiological investigation for isolation, then molecular identification of bacteria using PCR. 31422531 5 26 with contact 884:890 arg1 birds 897:901 birds 897:901 birds 897:901 A total of 220 samples were collected from broiler flocks, their environment, and farm attendants that direct contact with birds. 31422531 4 27 theme novel 701:705 arg1 strategy 715:722 a novel control strategy 699:722 a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites 699:771 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 1 28 from farms 419:423 arg1 control 376:382 the control 372:382 the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms 372:423 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 8 29 theme coli 1346:1349 arg1 strains 1321:1327 30 strains 1318:1327 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) 1318:1359 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 7 30 theme Fourier-transform 1186:1202 arg1 FT-IR 1223:1227 FT-IR 1223:1227 FT-IR 1223:1227 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 30 theme Fourier-transform 1186:1202 arg1 spectrum 1213:1220 Fourier-transform infrared spectrum 1186:1220 Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) 1186:1228 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 9 31 theme manure 1521:1526 arg1 area 1536:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 12 32 theme antimicrobial 2098:2110 arg1 agents 2112:2117 ineffective antimicrobial agents 2086:2117 ineffective antimicrobial agents 2086:2117 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 1 33 from control 376:382 arg1 farms 419:423 these farms 413:423 these farms 413:423 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 1 34 theme ineffective 290:300 arg1 antimicrobial 302:314 ineffective antimicrobial 290:314 ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials 290:341 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 2 35 theme Campylobacter 486:498 arg1 spp 500:502 Campylobacter spp 486:502 Campylobacter spp 486:502 This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp. 31422531 7 36 theme electron 1159:1166 arg1 SEM 1180:1182 SEM 1180:1182 SEM 1180:1182 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 36 theme electron 1159:1166 arg1 microscopy 1168:1177 scanning electron microscopy 1150:1177 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1150:1183 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 0 37 theme species 32:38 arg1 prevalence 4:13 The prevalence 0:13 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment 0:78 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 10 38 theme complete 1738:1745 arg1 efficiency 1747:1756 complete efficiency 1738:1756 complete efficiency (100%) 1738:1763 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 10 38 theme complete 1738:1745 arg1 % 1762:1762 100% 1759:1762 100% 1759:1762 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 8 39 theme minimum 1378:1384 arg1 concentration 1397:1409 the minimum inhibitory concentration 1374:1409 the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1374:1415 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 8 39 theme minimum 1378:1384 arg1 MIC 1412:1414 MIC 1412:1414 MIC 1412:1414 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 5 40 theme samples 789:795 arg1 total 776:780 A total 774:780 A total of 220 samples 774:795 A total of 220 samples were collected from broiler flocks, their environment, and farm attendants that direct contact with birds. 31422531 10 41 theme μg/mL 1711:1715 arg1 concentration 1676:1688 a concentration 1674:1688 a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively 1674:1729 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 10 42 theme NPs 1655:1657 arg1 NPs 1667:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs 1637:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively 1637:1729 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 5 43 theme broiler 817:823 arg1 flocks 825:830 broiler flocks 817:830 broiler flocks 817:830 A total of 220 samples were collected from broiler flocks, their environment, and farm attendants that direct contact with birds. 31422531 12 44 theme farms 2059:2063 arg1 program 2040:2046 any biosecurity program 2024:2046 any biosecurity program of poultry farms 2024:2063 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 10 45 theme chitosan/ZnO 1642:1653 arg1 NPs 1655:1657 chitosan/ZnO NPs 1642:1657 chitosan/ZnO NPs 1642:1657 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 1 46 theme small 236:240 arg1 flocks 261:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 1 47 theme broiler 253:259 arg1 flocks 261:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 7 48 theme X-ray 1235:1239 arg1 diffraction 1241:1251 X-ray diffraction 1235:1251 X-ray diffraction (X-RD) 1235:1258 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 48 theme X-ray 1235:1239 arg1 X-RD 1254:1257 X-RD 1254:1257 X-RD 1254:1257 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 49 theme electron 1123:1130 arg1 microscopy 1132:1141 transmission electron microscopy 1110:1141 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 1110:1147 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 49 theme electron 1123:1130 arg1 TEM 1144:1146 TEM 1144:1146 TEM 1144:1146 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 4 50 theme oxide 598:602 arg1 nanoparticles 604:616 zinc oxide nanoparticles 593:616 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 593:626 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 4 50 theme oxide 598:602 arg1 NPs 623:625 ZnO NPs 619:625 ZnO NPs 619:625 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 0 51 theme broiler 43:49 arg1 flocks 51:56 broiler flocks 43:56 broiler flocks 43:56 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 4 52 theme composite 650:658 arg1 efficiency 569:578 the efficiency 565:578 the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 565:658 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 11 53 theme contaminant 1926:1936 arg1 reservoir 1889:1897 the main reservoir 1880:1897 the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms 1880:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 5 54 theme farm 856:859 arg1 attendants 861:870 farm attendants 856:870 farm attendants that direct contact with birds 856:901 A total of 220 samples were collected from broiler flocks, their environment, and farm attendants that direct contact with birds. 31422531 4 55 theme Campylobacter 668:680 arg1 strains 682:688 Campylobacter strains 668:688 Campylobacter strains 668:688 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 0 56 theme oxide 123:127 arg1 nanocomposite 129:141 chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite 109:141 chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite 109:141 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 11 57 theme Campylobacter 1902:1914 arg1 contaminant 1926:1936 Campylobacter bacterial contaminant 1902:1936 Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms 1902:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 8 58 dep coli 1346:1349 arg1 coli 1355:1358 C. coli 1352:1358 C. coli 1352:1358 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 11 59 theme broiler 1959:1965 arg1 farms 1975:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 12 60 theme NPs 1995:1997 arg1 alternative 2071:2081 an alternative 2068:2081 an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents 2068:2117 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 12 60 theme NPs 1995:1997 arg1 composite 1999:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1982:2007 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 7 61 theme NPs 1057:1059 arg1 composite 1061:1069 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1044:1069 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 1044:1069 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 11 62 theme storage 1836:1842 arg1 area 1844:1847 manure storage area 1829:1847 manure storage area 1829:1847 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 1 63 theme implement 202:210 arg1 measures 224:231 implement biosecurity measures 202:231 implement biosecurity measures 202:231 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 6 64 theme microbiological 934:948 arg1 investigation 950:962 microbiological investigation 934:962 microbiological investigation 934:962 All samples were subjected to microbiological investigation for isolation, then molecular identification of bacteria using PCR. 31422531 8 65 theme bactericidal 1429:1440 arg1 MBC 1457:1459 MBC 1457:1459 MBC 1457:1459 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 8 65 theme bactericidal 1429:1440 arg1 concentration 1442:1454 minimum bactericidal concentration 1421:1454 minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) 1421:1460 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 4 66 theme chitosan/ZnO 633:644 arg1 composite 650:658 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 633:658 chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 633:658 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 0 67 theme control 156:162 arg1 strategy 164:171 control strategy 156:171 control strategy 156:171 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 10 68 theme μg/mL 1697:1701 arg1 concentration 1676:1688 a concentration 1674:1688 a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively 1674:1729 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 4 69 theme control 707:713 arg1 strategy 715:722 a novel control strategy 699:722 a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites 699:771 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 7 70 theme ZnO 1032:1034 arg1 NPs 1036:1038 ZnO NPs 1032:1038 ZnO NPs 1032:1038 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 9 71 theme highest 1467:1473 arg1 percentages 1475:1485 The highest percentages 1463:1485 The highest percentages of C. coli 1463:1496 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 8 72 theme testing 1279:1285 arg1 compounds 1287:1295 testing compounds 1279:1295 testing compounds 1279:1295 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 9 73 theme coli 1493:1496 arg1 percentages 1475:1485 The highest percentages 1463:1485 The highest percentages of C. coli 1463:1496 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 2 74 theme spp 500:502 arg1 rate 478:481 the prevalence rate 463:481 the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp 463:502 This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp. 31422531 0 75 from prevalence 4:13 arg1 environment 68:78 their environment 62:78 their environment 62:78 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 0 75 from prevalence 4:13 arg1 flocks 51:56 broiler flocks 43:56 broiler flocks 43:56 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 11 76 from flies 1950:1954 arg1 farms 1975:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 broiler poultry farms 1959:1979 In conclusion, manure storage area and broiler litter represented the main reservoir of Campylobacter bacterial contaminant followed by flies in broiler poultry farms. 31422531 7 77 theme infrared 1204:1211 arg1 FT-IR 1223:1227 FT-IR 1223:1227 FT-IR 1223:1227 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 77 theme infrared 1204:1211 arg1 spectrum 1213:1220 Fourier-transform infrared spectrum 1186:1220 Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) 1186:1228 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 10 78 from concentration 1676:1688 arg1 NPs 1667:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs 1637:1669 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively 1637:1729 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 6 79 theme molecular 984:992 arg1 identification 994:1007 molecular identification 984:1007 molecular identification of bacteria using PCR 984:1029 All samples were subjected to microbiological investigation for isolation, then molecular identification of bacteria using PCR. 31422531 1 80 from bacteria 401:408 arg1 farms 419:423 these farms 413:423 these farms 413:423 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 1 81 theme Campylobacter 387:399 arg1 bacteria 401:408 Campylobacter bacteria 387:408 Campylobacter bacteria in these farms 387:423 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 9 82 theme storage 1528:1534 arg1 area 1536:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 12 83 theme ineffective 2086:2096 arg1 agents 2112:2117 ineffective antimicrobial agents 2086:2117 ineffective antimicrobial agents 2086:2117 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 0 84 theme Campylobacter 18:30 arg1 species 32:38 Campylobacter species 18:38 Campylobacter species 18:38 The prevalence of Campylobacter species in broiler flocks and their environment: assessing the efficiency of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite for adopting control strategy. 31422531 4 85 theme chitosan 583:590 arg1 efficiency 569:578 the efficiency 565:578 the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite 565:658 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 7 86 theme scanning 1150:1157 arg1 SEM 1180:1182 SEM 1180:1182 SEM 1180:1182 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 7 86 theme scanning 1150:1157 arg1 microscopy 1168:1177 scanning electron microscopy 1150:1177 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1150:1183 ZnO NPs and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite were synthesized then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (X-RD). 31422531 9 87 theme broiler 1546:1552 arg1 litter 1554:1559 broiler litter 1546:1559 broiler litter 1546:1559 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 1 88 theme alternative 321:331 arg1 materials 333:341 alternative materials 321:341 alternative materials 321:341 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 31422531 2 89 theme prevalence 467:476 arg1 rate 478:481 the prevalence rate 463:481 the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp 463:502 This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of Campylobacter spp. 31422531 3 90 theme broiler 508:514 arg1 flocks 516:521 broiler flocks 508:521 broiler flocks 508:521 in broiler flocks and their environment. 31422531 4 91 theme ZnO 619:621 arg1 nanoparticles 604:616 zinc oxide nanoparticles 593:616 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 593:626 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 4 91 theme ZnO 619:621 arg1 NPs 623:625 ZnO NPs 619:625 ZnO NPs 619:625 Thereafter, assess the efficiency of chitosan, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and chitosan/ZnO NPs composite against Campylobacter strains to adopt a novel control strategy based on the ability to use those nanocomposites. 31422531 8 92 theme inhibitory 1386:1395 arg1 concentration 1397:1409 the minimum inhibitory concentration 1374:1409 the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1374:1415 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 8 92 theme inhibitory 1386:1395 arg1 MIC 1412:1414 MIC 1412:1414 MIC 1412:1414 The efficiency of testing compounds was examined against 30 strains of Campylobacter coli (C. coli) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 31422531 9 93 attach isolated 1503:1510 arg1 area 1536:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 the manure storage area 1517:1539 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 9 93 attach isolated 1503:1510 arg2 percentages 1475:1485 The highest percentages 1463:1485 The highest percentages of C. coli 1463:1496 The highest percentages of C. coli were isolated from the manure storage area, and broiler litter followed by flies, and feeders (66.7, 53.3, 40.0, and 33.3%, respectively). 31422531 10 94 theme chitosan 1795:1802 arg1 compound 1804:1811 chitosan compound 1795:1811 chitosan compound 1795:1811 Both chitosan/ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively showed complete efficiency (100%) against C. coli compared with chitosan compound. 31422531 12 95 theme poultry 2051:2057 arg1 farms 2059:2063 poultry farms 2051:2063 poultry farms 2051:2063 Chitosan/ZnO NPs composite can be used in any biosecurity program of poultry farms as an alternative to ineffective antimicrobial agents. 31422531 1 96 theme commercial 242:251 arg1 flocks 261:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 small commercial broiler flocks 236:266 There is a growing trend to implement biosecurity measures in small commercial broiler flocks and trying to replace ineffective antimicrobial with alternative materials to interevent a strategy for the control of Campylobacter bacteria in these farms. 33313390 3 0 theme mesh 757:760 arg1 size 762:765 mesh size 757:765 mesh size 757:765 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 6 1 theme computational 1299:1311 arg1 model 1313:1317 the computational model 1295:1317 the computational model 1295:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 7 2 theme mesh 1659:1662 arg1 properties 1664:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 2 3 theme therapeutic 509:519 arg1 delivery 521:528 therapeutic delivery 509:528 therapeutic delivery 509:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 3 4 theme cross-link 734:743 arg1 density 745:751 cross-link density 734:751 cross-link density 734:751 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 5 5 theme mesh 1108:1111 arg1 sizes 1113:1117 the mesh sizes 1104:1117 the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels 1104:1184 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 6 6 theme network 1455:1461 arg1 properties 1429:1438 properties 1429:1438 properties of the polymer network 1429:1461 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 5 7 theme hydrogel 1030:1037 arg1 systems 1039:1045 additional hydrogel systems 1019:1045 additional hydrogel systems 1019:1045 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 5 8 theme glycol 1163:1168 arg1 hydrogels 1176:1184 both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels 1134:1184 hydrogels 1176:1184 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 6 9 theme polymer 1447:1453 arg1 network 1455:1461 the polymer network 1443:1461 the polymer network 1443:1461 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 1 10 theme Hydrogel 74:81 arg1 systems 83:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 1 10 theme Hydrogel 74:81 arg1 class 108:112 an appealing class 95:112 an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles 95:145 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 7 11 theme accessible 1551:1560 arg1 strategy 1562:1569 a rapid and accessible strategy 1539:1569 a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications 1539:1712 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 3 12 theme wide 773:776 arg1 range 778:782 a wide range 771:782 a wide range of alginate hydrogels 771:804 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 4 13 theme size 886:889 arg1 distribution 891:902 the mesh size distribution 877:902 the mesh size distribution 877:902 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 5 14 theme additional 1019:1028 arg1 systems 1039:1045 additional hydrogel systems 1019:1045 additional hydrogel systems 1019:1045 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 2 15 theme hydrogel 407:414 arg1 network 424:430 the hydrogel polymer network 403:430 the hydrogel polymer network 403:430 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 6 16 theme hydrogels 1351:1359 arg1 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 16 theme hydrogels 1351:1359 arg1 size 1343:1346 the mesh size 1334:1346 the mesh size of hydrogels 1334:1359 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 4 17 theme mesh 881:884 arg1 distribution 891:902 the mesh size distribution 877:902 the mesh size distribution 877:902 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 7 18 with systems 1638:1644 arg1 properties 1664:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 2 19 theme predefined 457:466 arg1 properties 473:482 predefined mesh properties 457:482 predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 457:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 2 20 theme mesh 468:471 arg1 properties 473:482 predefined mesh properties 457:482 predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 457:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 6 21 dep nm 1398:1399 arg1 to 1401:1402 to 1401:1402 to 1401:1402 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 7 22 theme desired 1651:1657 arg1 properties 1664:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 desired mesh properties 1651:1673 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 1 23 theme design 180:185 arg1 hydrogels 187:195 design hydrogels 180:195 design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo 180:266 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 0 24 theme Computational-Based 0:18 arg1 Design 20:25 Computational-Based Design 0:25 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 0:72 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 33313390 3 25 theme alginate 787:794 arg1 hydrogels 796:804 alginate hydrogels 787:804 alginate hydrogels 787:804 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 6 26 from μm 1406:1407 arg1 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 26 from μm 1406:1407 arg1 size 1343:1346 the mesh size 1334:1346 the mesh size of hydrogels 1334:1359 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 1 27 theme appealing 98:106 arg1 systems 83:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 1 27 theme appealing 98:106 arg1 class 108:112 an appealing class 95:112 an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles 95:145 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 5 28 theme polyethylene 1150:1161 arg1 PEG 1171:1173 PEG 1171:1173 PEG 1171:1173 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 5 28 theme polyethylene 1150:1161 arg1 glycol 1163:1168 polyethylene glycol 1150:1168 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1150:1174 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 7 29 theme rapid 1541:1545 arg1 strategy 1562:1569 a rapid and accessible strategy 1539:1569 a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications 1539:1712 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 0 30 theme Hydrogels 30:38 arg1 Design 20:25 Computational-Based Design 0:25 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 0:72 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 33313390 3 31 theme hydrogels 796:804 arg1 range 778:782 a wide range 771:782 a wide range of alginate hydrogels 771:804 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 4 32 theme hydrogels 967:975 arg1 size 950:953 the mesh size 941:953 the mesh size of alginate hydrogels 941:975 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 6 33 theme design 1229:1234 arg1 approach 1257:1264 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach 1196:1264 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model 1196:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 2 34 theme design 435:440 arg1 hydrogels 442:450 design hydrogels 435:450 design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 435:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 3 35 theme alginate 620:627 arg1 polymers 629:636 alginate polymers 620:636 alginate polymers 620:636 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 35 theme alginate 620:627 arg1 radius 704:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 35 theme alginate 620:627 arg1 content 657:663 polymer content 649:663 polymer content 649:663 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 35 theme alginate 620:627 arg1 composition 674:684 monomer composition 666:684 monomer composition 666:684 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 4 36 theme alginate 958:965 arg1 hydrogels 967:975 alginate hydrogels 958:975 alginate hydrogels 958:975 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 37 theme chain 698:702 arg1 radius 704:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 2 38 theme different 296:304 arg1 approach 306:313 a different approach 294:313 a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 294:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 6 39 theme factorial 1203:1211 arg1 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 39 theme factorial 1203:1211 arg1 design 1229:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design 1196:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model 1196:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 7 40 theme potential 1679:1687 arg1 applications 1701:1712 potential therapeutic applications 1679:1712 potential therapeutic applications 1679:1712 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 0 41 theme Predictable 45:55 arg1 Properties 62:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 33313390 6 42 theme mesh 1338:1341 arg1 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 varied 1370:1375 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 42 theme mesh 1338:1341 arg1 size 1343:1346 the mesh size 1334:1346 the mesh size of hydrogels 1334:1359 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 1 43 theme desired 211:217 arg1 presentation 234:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation 211:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo 211:266 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 5 44 theme high 1062:1065 arg1 degree 1067:1072 a high degree 1060:1072 a high degree of correlation 1060:1087 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 7 45 theme polymer 1514:1520 arg1 network 1522:1528 the hydrogel polymer network 1501:1528 the hydrogel polymer network 1501:1528 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 2 46 theme network 424:430 arg1 representation 385:398 a theoretical representation 371:398 a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 371:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 7 47 theme design 1622:1627 arg1 systems 1638:1644 design hydrogel systems 1622:1644 design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications 1622:1712 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 7 48 theme hydrogel 1582:1589 arg1 properties 1596:1605 hydrogel mesh properties 1582:1605 hydrogel mesh properties 1582:1605 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 7 49 theme network 1522:1528 arg1 model 1492:1496 this computational model 1473:1496 this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network 1473:1528 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 3 50 theme polymer 649:655 arg1 content 657:663 polymer content 649:663 polymer content 649:663 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 1 51 theme spatiotemporal 219:232 arg1 presentation 234:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation 211:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo 211:266 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 2 52 theme critical 484:491 arg1 properties 473:482 predefined mesh properties 457:482 predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 457:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 7 53 theme hydrogel 1629:1636 arg1 systems 1638:1644 design hydrogel systems 1622:1644 design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications 1622:1712 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 4 54 theme mesh 945:948 arg1 size 950:953 the mesh size 941:953 the mesh size of alginate hydrogels 941:975 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 55 theme polymer 690:696 arg1 radius 704:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 polymer chain radius 690:709 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 3 56 theme polymers 629:636 arg1 properties 606:615 properties 606:615 properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, 606:710 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 2 57 with hydrogels 442:450 arg1 properties 473:482 predefined mesh properties 457:482 predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 457:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 1 58 theme therapeutic 117:127 arg1 vehicles 138:145 therapeutic delivery vehicles 117:145 therapeutic delivery vehicles 117:145 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 0 59 theme Mesh 57:60 arg1 Properties 62:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 33313390 6 60 theme 5 1404:1404 arg1 nm 1398:1399 nm 1398:1399 nm 1398:1399 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 7 61 theme computational 1478:1490 arg1 model 1492:1496 this computational model 1473:1496 this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network 1473:1528 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 7 62 theme hydrogel 1505:1512 arg1 network 1522:1528 the hydrogel polymer network 1501:1528 the hydrogel polymer network 1501:1528 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 5 63 theme correlation 1077:1087 arg1 degree 1067:1072 a high degree 1060:1072 a high degree of correlation 1060:1087 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 0 64 with Design 20:25 arg1 Properties 62:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Predictable Mesh Properties 45:71 Computational-Based Design of Hydrogels with Predictable Mesh Properties. 33313390 1 65 theme delivery 129:136 arg1 vehicles 138:145 therapeutic delivery vehicles 117:145 therapeutic delivery vehicles 117:145 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 6 66 with combination 1278:1288 arg1 model 1313:1317 the computational model 1295:1317 the computational model 1295:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 5 67 theme R2 1090:1091 arg1 > 1093:1093 R2 > 0.95 1090:1098 R2 > 0.95 1090:1098 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 3 68 theme monomer 666:672 arg1 composition 674:684 monomer composition 666:684 monomer composition 666:684 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 6 69 theme experiments 1239:1249 arg1 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 69 theme experiments 1239:1249 arg1 design 1229:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design 1196:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model 1196:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 1 70 theme vehicles 138:145 arg1 systems 83:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems 74:89 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 1 70 theme vehicles 138:145 arg1 class 108:112 an appealing class 95:112 an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles 95:145 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 7 71 theme mesh 1591:1594 arg1 properties 1596:1605 hydrogel mesh properties 1582:1605 hydrogel mesh properties 1582:1605 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 3 72 theme computational 568:580 arg1 model 582:586 the computational model 564:586 the computational model 564:586 We postulated and confirmed that the computational model could incorporate properties of alginate polymers, including polymer content, monomer composition and polymer chain radius, to accurately predict cross-link density and mesh size for a wide range of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 2 73 theme computational 324:336 arg1 tools 338:342 computational tools 324:342 computational tools 324:342 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 2 74 theme polymer 416:422 arg1 network 424:430 the hydrogel polymer network 403:430 the hydrogel polymer network 403:430 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 4 75 theme robust 848:853 arg1 strategy 855:862 a robust strategy 846:862 a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution 846:902 Additionally, the simulations provided a robust strategy to determine the mesh size distribution and identified properties to control the mesh size of alginate hydrogels. 33313390 5 76 dep provided 1051:1058 arg1 > 1093:1093 R2 > 0.95 1090:1098 R2 > 0.95 1090:1098 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 2 77 theme theoretical 373:383 arg1 representation 385:398 a theoretical representation 371:398 a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery 371:528 In this work, we propose a different approach in which computational tools are developed that creates a theoretical representation of the hydrogel polymer network to design hydrogels with predefined mesh properties critical for controlling therapeutic delivery. 33313390 1 78 theme therapeutic 250:260 arg1 cargo 262:266 therapeutic cargo 250:266 therapeutic cargo 250:266 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 33313390 6 79 theme 5 1396:1396 arg1 nm 1398:1399 nm 1398:1399 nm 1398:1399 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 5 80 theme fibrin 1139:1144 arg1 hydrogels 1176:1184 both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels 1134:1184 hydrogels 1176:1184 Furthermore, the model was validated for additional hydrogel systems and provided a high degree of correlation (R2 > 0.95) to the mesh sizes determined for both fibrin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels. 33313390 6 81 theme full 1198:1201 arg1 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 81 theme full 1198:1201 arg1 design 1229:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design 1196:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model 1196:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 7 82 dep potential 1679:1687 arg1 therapeutic 1689:1699 therapeutic 1689:1699 therapeutic 1689:1699 Overall, this computational model of the hydrogel polymer network provides a rapid and accessible strategy to predict hydrogel mesh properties and ultimately design hydrogel systems with desired mesh properties for potential therapeutic applications. 33313390 6 83 theme Box-Behnken 1217:1227 arg1 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 DOE 1252:1254 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 6 83 theme Box-Behnken 1217:1227 arg1 design 1229:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design 1196:1234 a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model 1196:1317 Finally, a full factorial and Box-Behnken design of experiments (DOE) approach utilized in combination with the computational model predicted that the mesh size of hydrogels could be varied from approximately 5 nm to 5 μm through controlling properties of the polymer network. 33313390 1 84 theme cargo 262:266 arg1 presentation 234:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation 211:245 desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo 211:266 Hydrogel systems are an appealing class of therapeutic delivery vehicles, though it can be challenging to design hydrogels that maintain desired spatiotemporal presentation of therapeutic cargo. 31508962 7 0 theme types 1258:1262 arg1 effect 1238:1243 the effect 1234:1243 the effect of different types or degrees of curvature 1234:1286 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 9 1 theme curved 1702:1707 arg1 membranes 1709:1717 moderately to highly curved membranes 1681:1717 moderately to highly curved membranes 1681:1717 We show that the properties calculated for moderately to highly curved membranes differ significantly between curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms. 31508962 1 2 theme cellular 158:165 arg1 remodeling 240:249 remodeling 240:249 remodeling 240:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 2 theme cellular 158:165 arg1 fusion-fission 207:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 2 theme cellular 158:165 arg1 endocytosis 185:195 endocytosis 185:195 endocytosis 185:195 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 2 theme cellular 158:165 arg1 trafficking 223:233 trafficking 223:233 trafficking 223:233 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 2 theme cellular 158:165 arg1 processes 167:175 vital cellular processes 152:175 vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling 152:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 5 3 theme function 920:927 arg1 application 891:901 the application 887:901 the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape 887:992 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 8 4 theme hexaacylated 1558:1569 arg1 membranes 1579:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes 1540:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1540:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 2 5 theme dynamics 396:403 arg1 simulations 405:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations 361:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes 361:434 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 2 6 theme accessible 306:315 arg1 scales 299:304 the spatiotemporal scales 280:304 the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays 280:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 6 7 theme geometry 1206:1213 arg1 techniques 1215:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 8 8 theme membranes 1579:1587 arg1 number 1530:1535 a number 1528:1535 a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1528:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 4 9 dep area 731:734 arg1 e.g. 725:728 e.g. 725:728 e.g. 725:728 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 2 10 theme scales 299:304 arg1 expansion 267:275 The continuous expansion 252:275 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays 252:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 10 11 theme SuAVE 1801:1805 arg1 software 1807:1814 The SuAVE software 1797:1814 The SuAVE software 1797:1814 The SuAVE software is freely available from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software . 31508962 10 11 theme SuAVE 1801:1805 arg1 available 1826:1834 available 1826:1834 available 1826:1834 The SuAVE software is freely available from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software . 31508962 1 12 theme membranes 131:139 arg1 feature 109:115 an intrinsic feature 96:115 an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling 96:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 12 theme membranes 131:139 arg1 Curvature 83:91 Curvature 83:91 Curvature 83:91 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 3 13 theme biological 530:539 arg1 membranes 541:549 biological membranes 530:549 biological membranes 530:549 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 6 14 theme geometrical 1093:1103 arg1 properties 1105:1114 related geometrical properties 1085:1114 related geometrical properties 1085:1114 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 2 15 theme spatiotemporal 284:297 arg1 scales 299:304 the spatiotemporal scales 280:304 the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays 280:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 3 16 theme shapes 476:481 arg1 computation 457:467 computation 457:467 computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes 457:549 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 5 17 theme radial 908:913 arg1 function 920:927 a radial base function 906:927 a radial base function 906:927 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 9 18 theme curvature-dependent 1748:1766 arg1 algorithms 1785:1794 curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms 1748:1794 curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms 1748:1794 We show that the properties calculated for moderately to highly curved membranes differ significantly between curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms. 31508962 7 19 theme structural 1348:1357 arg1 properties 1359:1368 structural properties 1348:1368 structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness 1348:1462 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 5 20 theme shape 988:992 arg1 interface 971:979 an interface 968:979 an interface of any shape 968:992 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 6 21 theme related 1085:1091 arg1 properties 1105:1114 related geometrical properties 1085:1114 related geometrical properties 1085:1114 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 5 22 theme surface 825:831 arg1 assessment 833:842 surface assessment 825:842 surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) 825:870 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 4 23 theme curvature 603:611 arg1 effect 593:598 the effect 589:598 the effect of curvature 589:611 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 7 24 theme degrees 1267:1273 arg1 effect 1238:1243 the effect 1234:1243 the effect of different types or degrees of curvature 1234:1286 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 3 25 dep remains 551:557 arg1 In 437:438 In 437:438 In 437:438 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 8 26 theme Lipid-A 1571:1577 arg1 membranes 1579:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes 1540:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1540:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 7 27 theme properties 1359:1368 arg1 calculations 1332:1343 the calculations 1328:1343 the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness 1328:1462 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 9 28 theme -independent 1772:1783 arg1 algorithms 1785:1794 curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms 1748:1794 curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms 1748:1794 We show that the properties calculated for moderately to highly curved membranes differ significantly between curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms. 31508962 4 29 theme density 758:764 arg1 area 731:734 area 731:734 area 731:734 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 4 29 theme density 758:764 arg1 profiles 766:773 density profiles 758:773 density profiles 758:773 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 2 30 theme processes 426:434 arg1 simulations 405:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations 361:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes 361:434 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 7 31 theme coarseness 1453:1462 arg1 asymmetry 1424:1432 asymmetry 1424:1432 asymmetry 1424:1432 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 7 31 theme coarseness 1453:1462 arg1 level 1439:1443 level 1439:1443 level 1439:1443 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 7 31 theme coarseness 1453:1462 arg1 composition 1411:1421 chemical composition 1402:1421 chemical composition 1402:1421 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 5 32 theme interpolate 932:942 arg1 points 944:949 interpolate points 932:949 interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape 932:992 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 2 33 theme computational 320:332 arg1 simulations 334:344 computational simulations nowadays 320:353 computational simulations nowadays 320:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 1 34 theme membrane 198:205 arg1 fusion-fission 207:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 5 35 theme grid 848:851 arg1 SuAVE 865:869 SuAVE 865:869 SuAVE 865:869 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 5 35 theme grid 848:851 arg1 evaluation 853:862 grid evaluation 848:862 grid evaluation (SuAVE) 848:870 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 8 36 theme surfactant 1618:1627 arg1 micelle 1629:1635 a surfactant micelle 1616:1635 a surfactant micelle 1616:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 1 37 theme intrinsic 99:107 arg1 feature 109:115 an intrinsic feature 96:115 an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling 96:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 37 theme intrinsic 99:107 arg1 Curvature 83:91 Curvature 83:91 Curvature 83:91 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 7 38 theme atom 1448:1451 arg1 coarseness 1453:1462 atom coarseness 1448:1462 atom coarseness 1448:1462 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 6 39 theme differential 1193:1204 arg1 techniques 1215:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 9 40 dep moderately 1681:1690 arg1 to 1692:1693 to 1692:1693 to 1692:1693 We show that the properties calculated for moderately to highly curved membranes differ significantly between curvature-dependent and -independent algorithms. 31508962 3 41 theme membranes 541:549 arg1 dynamics 518:525 the dynamics 514:525 the dynamics of biological membranes 514:549 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 6 42 theme straightforward 1146:1160 arg1 employment 1162:1171 the straightforward employment 1142:1171 the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques 1142:1224 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 4 43 theme properties 713:722 arg1 description 689:699 the accurate description 676:699 the accurate description of membrane properties 676:722 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 3 44 theme curvatures 487:496 arg1 computation 457:467 computation 457:467 computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes 457:549 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 4 45 theme membrane 704:711 arg1 properties 713:722 membrane properties 704:722 membrane properties 704:722 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 4 46 theme accurate 680:687 arg1 description 689:699 the accurate description 676:699 the accurate description of membrane properties 676:722 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 8 47 theme micelle 1629:1635 arg1 membranes 1579:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes 1540:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1540:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 8 48 theme curvatures 1601:1610 arg1 membranes 1579:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes 1540:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1540:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 3 49 dep shapes 476:481 arg1 the 472:474 the 472:474 the 472:474 In despite of that, computation of the shapes and curvatures associated with the dynamics of biological membranes remains challenging. 31508962 8 50 theme distinct 1592:1599 arg1 curvatures 1601:1610 distinct curvatures 1592:1610 distinct curvatures 1592:1610 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 2 51 theme molecular 386:394 arg1 simulations 405:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations 361:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes 361:434 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 0 52 theme Curvature-Dependent 28:46 arg1 Properties 48:57 Curvature-Dependent Properties 28:57 Curvature-Dependent Properties 28:57 SuAVE: A Tool for Analyzing Curvature-Dependent Properties in Chemical Interfaces. 31508962 6 53 theme well-established 1176:1191 arg1 techniques 1215:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 well-established differential geometry techniques 1176:1224 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 7 54 theme different 1248:1256 arg1 types 1258:1262 different types 1248:1262 different types 1248:1262 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 2 55 theme quasi-atomistic 370:384 arg1 simulations 405:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations 361:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes 361:434 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 10 56 from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software 1841:1873 arg1 software 1807:1814 The SuAVE software 1797:1814 The SuAVE software 1797:1814 The SuAVE software is freely available from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software . 31508962 10 56 from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software 1841:1873 arg1 available 1826:1834 available 1826:1834 available 1826:1834 The SuAVE software is freely available from www.biomatsite.net/suave-software . 31508962 8 57 theme main 1469:1472 arg1 functionalities 1474:1488 The main functionalities 1465:1488 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE 1465:1509 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 7 58 theme chemical 1402:1409 arg1 composition 1411:1421 chemical composition 1402:1421 chemical composition 1402:1421 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 1 59 theme biological 120:129 arg1 membranes 131:139 biological membranes 120:139 biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling 120:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 4 60 theme membrane 776:783 arg1 area 731:734 area 731:734 area 731:734 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 4 60 theme membrane 776:783 arg1 thickness 785:793 membrane thickness 776:793 membrane thickness 776:793 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 6 61 theme chemical 1034:1041 arg1 interface 1043:1051 the chemical interface 1030:1051 the chemical interface 1030:1051 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 6 62 theme techniques 1215:1224 arg1 employment 1162:1171 the straightforward employment 1142:1171 the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques 1142:1224 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 5 63 theme base 915:918 arg1 function 920:927 a radial base function 906:927 a radial base function 906:927 We propose an algorithm for surface assessment via grid evaluation (SuAVE) that relies on the application of a radial base function to interpolate points scattered across an interface of any shape. 31508962 2 64 dep simulations 334:344 arg1 nowadays 346:353 nowadays 346:353 nowadays 346:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 2 65 theme possible 361:368 arg1 simulations 405:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations 361:415 possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes 361:434 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 0 66 theme Chemical 62:69 arg1 Interfaces 71:80 Chemical Interfaces 62:80 Chemical Interfaces 62:80 SuAVE: A Tool for Analyzing Curvature-Dependent Properties in Chemical Interfaces. 31508962 6 67 theme interface 1043:1051 arg1 representation 1012:1025 the representation 1008:1025 the representation of the chemical interface 1008:1051 This enables the representation of the chemical interface as fully differentiable so that related geometrical properties can be calculated through the straightforward employment of well-established differential geometry techniques. 31508962 2 68 theme continuous 256:265 arg1 expansion 267:275 The continuous expansion 252:275 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays 252:353 The continuous expansion of the spatiotemporal scales accessible to computational simulations nowadays makes possible quasi-atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of these processes. 31508962 7 69 theme interfaces 1377:1386 arg1 properties 1359:1368 structural properties 1348:1368 structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness 1348:1462 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 4 70 theme essential 662:670 arg1 quantities 651:660 quantities 651:660 quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness) 651:794 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 31508962 8 71 theme tetraacylated 1540:1552 arg1 membranes 1579:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes 1540:1587 tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle 1540:1635 The main functionalities implemented in SuAVE are featured for a number of tetraacylated and hexaacylated Lipid-A membranes of distinct curvatures and a surfactant micelle. 31508962 0 72 dep SuAVE 0:4 arg1 Tool 9:12 A Tool 7:12 SuAVE: A Tool for Analyzing Curvature-Dependent Properties in Chemical Interfaces. 0:81 SuAVE: A Tool for Analyzing Curvature-Dependent Properties in Chemical Interfaces. 31508962 1 73 theme vital 152:156 arg1 remodeling 240:249 remodeling 240:249 remodeling 240:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 73 theme vital 152:156 arg1 fusion-fission 207:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 membrane fusion-fission 198:220 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 73 theme vital 152:156 arg1 endocytosis 185:195 endocytosis 185:195 endocytosis 185:195 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 73 theme vital 152:156 arg1 trafficking 223:233 trafficking 223:233 trafficking 223:233 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 1 73 theme vital 152:156 arg1 processes 167:175 vital cellular processes 152:175 vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling 152:249 Curvature is an intrinsic feature of biological membranes underlying vital cellular processes such as endocytosis, membrane fusion-fission, trafficking, and remodeling. 31508962 7 74 theme curvature 1278:1286 arg1 effect 1238:1243 the effect 1234:1243 the effect of different types or degrees of curvature 1234:1286 Hence, the effect of different types or degrees of curvature can be accurately taken into account in the calculations of structural properties of any interfaces regardless of chemical composition, asymmetry, and level of atom coarseness. 31508962 4 75 theme quantities 651:660 arg1 analysis 639:646 the analysis 635:646 the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness) 635:794 For this reason, the effect of curvature is often neglected in the analysis of quantities essential for the accurate description of membrane properties (e.g., area and volume per lipid, density profiles, membrane thickness). 29933191 1 0 theme derived 345:351 arg1 hydrochar 353:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 1 theme hydroxyl 906:913 arg1 density 858:864 higher density 851:864 higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl 851:913 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 6 2 theme microspheres 1143:1154 arg1 size 1135:1138 the size 1131:1138 the size of microspheres on hydrochar 1131:1167 Similar to hemicellulose, cellulose improved the formation of diverse oxygenous groups but reduced the size of microspheres on hydrochar. 29933191 1 3 theme peel 268:271 arg1 constitution 245:256 complex chemical constitution 228:256 complex chemical constitution of orange peel 228:271 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 5 4 theme more 956:959 arg1 esters 961:966 more esters 956:966 more esters 956:966 This char was simultaneously covered by more esters or lactones with more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside. 29933191 1 5 theme hydrochar 353:361 arg1 bio-waste 294:302 typical bio-waste 286:302 typical bio-waste 286:302 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 5 theme hydrochar 353:361 arg1 structure 328:336 the physicochemical structure 308:336 the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste 308:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 6 theme richer 899:904 arg1 hydroxyl 906:913 richer hydroxyl 899:913 richer hydroxyl 899:913 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 2 7 theme control 591:597 arg1 variables 599:607 the control variables 587:607 the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work 587:646 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 7 theme control 591:597 arg1 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 7 theme control 591:597 arg1 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 7 theme control 591:597 arg1 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 5 8 theme oxygen-containing 999:1015 arg1 groups 1017:1022 more aromatic oxygen-containing groups 985:1022 more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside 985:1029 This char was simultaneously covered by more esters or lactones with more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside. 29933191 0 9 theme hydrothermal 96:107 arg1 carbonization 109:121 hydrothermal carbonization 96:121 hydrothermal carbonization 96:121 Correlations between hydrochar properties and chemical constitution of orange peel waste during hydrothermal carbonization. 29933191 5 10 dep groups 1017:1022 arg1 inside 1024:1029 inside 1024:1029 inside 1024:1029 This char was simultaneously covered by more esters or lactones with more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside. 29933191 6 11 from size 1135:1138 arg1 hydrochar 1159:1167 hydrochar 1159:1167 hydrochar 1159:1167 Similar to hemicellulose, cellulose improved the formation of diverse oxygenous groups but reduced the size of microspheres on hydrochar. 29933191 3 12 dep added 684:688 arg1 lignin 677:682 lignin 677:682 lignin 677:682 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 3 13 theme rougher 741:747 arg1 surface 749:755 rougher surface 741:755 rougher surface 741:755 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 4 14 theme carbonaceous 869:880 arg1 microspheres 882:893 carbonaceous microspheres 869:893 carbonaceous microspheres 869:893 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 1 15 from bio-waste 527:535 arg1 proportions 494:504 respective proportions 483:504 respective proportions of each component in bio-waste 483:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 16 contain possessed 841:849 arg2 density 858:864 higher density 851:864 higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl 851:913 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 4 16 contain possessed 841:849 arg1 hydrochar 831:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar 811:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar 811:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 1 17 dep applications 432:443 arg1 adsorbent 452:460 adsorbent 452:460 adsorbent 452:460 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 2 18 theme composition 623:633 arg1 variables 599:607 the control variables 587:607 the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work 587:646 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 18 theme composition 623:633 arg1 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 18 theme composition 623:633 arg1 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 18 theme composition 623:633 arg1 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 1 19 from component 514:522 arg1 bio-waste 527:535 bio-waste 527:535 bio-waste 527:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 20 used utilized 379:386 arg2 hydrochar 353:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 2 21 theme feedstocks 612:621 arg1 composition 623:633 feedstocks composition 612:633 feedstocks composition 612:633 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 3 22 theme more 791:794 arg1 rings 804:808 more benzene rings 791:808 more benzene rings 791:808 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 23 theme typical 286:292 arg1 bio-waste 294:302 typical bio-waste 286:302 typical bio-waste 286:302 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 24 theme higher 851:856 arg1 density 858:864 higher density 851:864 higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl 851:913 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 6 25 theme groups 1112:1117 arg1 formation 1081:1089 the formation 1077:1089 the formation of diverse oxygenous groups 1077:1117 Similar to hemicellulose, cellulose improved the formation of diverse oxygenous groups but reduced the size of microspheres on hydrochar. 29933191 0 26 theme hydrochar 21:29 arg1 properties 31:40 hydrochar properties 21:40 hydrochar properties 21:40 Correlations between hydrochar properties and chemical constitution of orange peel waste during hydrothermal carbonization. 29933191 5 27 theme aromatic 990:997 arg1 groups 1017:1022 more aromatic oxygen-containing groups 985:1022 more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside 985:1029 This char was simultaneously covered by more esters or lactones with more aromatic oxygen-containing groups inside. 29933191 6 28 theme oxygenous 1102:1110 arg1 groups 1112:1117 diverse oxygenous groups 1094:1117 diverse oxygenous groups 1094:1117 Similar to hemicellulose, cellulose improved the formation of diverse oxygenous groups but reduced the size of microspheres on hydrochar. 29933191 0 29 theme chemical 46:53 arg1 constitution 55:66 chemical constitution 46:66 chemical constitution 46:66 Correlations between hydrochar properties and chemical constitution of orange peel waste during hydrothermal carbonization. 29933191 2 30 from variables 599:607 arg1 work 643:646 this work 638:646 this work 638:646 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 3 31 theme hydrothermal 655:666 arg1 process 668:674 hydrothermal process 655:674 hydrothermal process 655:674 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 32 link derived 345:351 arg1 hydrochar 353:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 its derived hydrochar 341:361 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 6 33 theme diverse 1094:1100 arg1 groups 1112:1117 diverse oxygenous groups 1094:1117 diverse oxygenous groups 1094:1117 Similar to hemicellulose, cellulose improved the formation of diverse oxygenous groups but reduced the size of microspheres on hydrochar. 29933191 1 34 theme hydrochar 398:406 arg1 properties 408:417 hydrochar properties 398:417 hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) 398:467 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 3 35 theme benzene 796:802 arg1 rings 804:808 more benzene rings 791:808 more benzene rings 791:808 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 36 theme respective 483:492 arg1 proportions 494:504 respective proportions 483:504 respective proportions of each component in bio-waste 483:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 37 theme complex 228:234 arg1 constitution 245:256 complex chemical constitution 228:256 complex chemical constitution of orange peel 228:271 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 38 theme physicochemical 312:326 arg1 structure 328:336 the physicochemical structure 308:336 the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste 308:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 3 39 theme doubled 769:775 arg1 areas 781:785 nearly doubled BET areas 762:785 nearly doubled BET areas 762:785 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 40 dep aims 184:187 arg1 OraPeel 274:280 OraPeel 274:280 OraPeel 274:280 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 41 theme microspheres 882:893 arg1 density 858:864 higher density 851:864 higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl 851:913 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 1 42 theme efficient 128:136 arg1 treatment 151:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment 128:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass 128:170 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 3 43 theme BET 777:779 arg1 areas 781:785 nearly doubled BET areas 762:785 nearly doubled BET areas 762:785 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 3 44 theme added 684:688 arg1 feedstock 690:698 lignin added feedstock 677:698 lignin added feedstock 677:698 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 45 theme hydrothermal 138:149 arg1 treatment 151:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment 128:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass 128:170 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 46 dep adsorbent 452:460 arg1 e.g. 446:449 e.g. 446:449 e.g. 446:449 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 46 dep adsorbent 452:460 arg1 fuel 463:466 fuel 463:466 fuel 463:466 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 47 theme specific 423:430 arg1 applications 432:443 specific applications 423:443 specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) 423:467 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 48 theme chemical 236:243 arg1 constitution 245:256 complex chemical constitution 228:256 complex chemical constitution of orange peel 228:271 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 1 49 theme component 514:522 arg1 proportions 494:504 respective proportions 483:504 respective proportions of each component in bio-waste 483:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 3 50 contain contained 731:739 arg1 which 725:729 which 725:729 which 725:729 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 3 50 contain contained 731:739 arg2 surface 749:755 rougher surface 741:755 rougher surface 741:755 After hydrothermal process, lignin added feedstock produced more hydrochar, which contained rougher surface with nearly doubled BET areas and more benzene rings. 29933191 1 51 from proportions 494:504 arg1 bio-waste 527:535 bio-waste 527:535 bio-waste 527:535 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 4 52 theme Hemicellulose-aided 811:829 arg1 hydrochar 831:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar 811:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar 811:839 Hemicellulose-aided hydrochar possessed higher density of carbonaceous microspheres and richer hydroxyl. 29933191 1 53 theme biomass 164:170 arg1 treatment 151:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment 128:159 efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass 128:170 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 29933191 2 54 used used 579:582 arg2 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose 538:546 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 54 used used 579:582 arg2 variables 599:607 the control variables 587:607 the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work 587:646 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 54 used used 579:582 arg2 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 lignin 567:572 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 2 54 used used 579:582 arg2 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 hemicellulose 549:561 Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were used as the control variables of feedstocks composition in this work. 29933191 0 55 theme orange 71:76 arg1 properties 31:40 hydrochar properties 21:40 hydrochar properties 21:40 Correlations between hydrochar properties and chemical constitution of orange peel waste during hydrothermal carbonization. 29933191 0 55 theme orange 71:76 arg1 constitution 55:66 chemical constitution 46:66 chemical constitution 46:66 Correlations between hydrochar properties and chemical constitution of orange peel waste during hydrothermal carbonization. 29933191 1 56 theme orange 261:266 arg1 peel 268:271 orange peel 261:271 orange peel 261:271 For efficient hydrothermal treatment of biomass, this study aims to figure out the correlations between complex chemical constitution of orange peel (OraPeel) as typical bio-waste and the physicochemical structure of its derived hydrochar, which could be utilized to adjust hydrochar properties for specific applications (e.g., adsorbent, fuel) by regulating respective proportions of each component in bio-waste. 31853603 2 0 with diversity 390:398 arg1 GAGs 416:419 only a few GAGs 405:419 only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date 405:466 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 4 1 theme structural 709:718 arg1 analysis 720:727 the structural analysis 705:727 the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 705:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 7 2 theme ions 1042:1045 arg1 spectroscopy 1026:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy 1000:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets 1000:1076 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 3 3 theme mono- 530:534 arg1 ions 553:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 6 4 theme diagnostic 946:955 arg1 bands 957:961 diagnostic bands 946:961 diagnostic bands 946:961 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 4 5 theme spectroscopy 641:652 arg1 approaches 654:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 1 6 theme acidic 212:217 arg1 character 219:227 strongly acidic character 203:227 strongly acidic character 203:227 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 3 7 theme disaccharide 540:551 arg1 ions 553:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 2 8 from differences 316:326 arg1 epimerization 345:357 epimerization 345:357 epimerization 345:357 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 2 8 from differences 316:326 arg1 sulfation 331:339 sulfation 331:339 sulfation 331:339 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 1 9 contain possessing 170:179 arg1 class 140:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 9 contain possessing 170:179 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 62:86 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 9 contain possessing 170:179 arg2 character 219:227 strongly acidic character 203:227 strongly acidic character 203:227 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 9 contain possessing 170:179 arg2 sequence 190:197 a linear sequence 181:197 a linear sequence 181:197 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 7 10 theme cryogenic 1000:1008 arg1 spectroscopy 1026:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy 1000:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets 1000:1076 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 2 11 theme first 298:302 arg1 glance 304:309 first glance 298:309 first glance 298:309 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 4 12 theme complex 732:738 arg1 oligosaccharides 744:759 complex GAG oligosaccharides 732:759 complex GAG oligosaccharides 732:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 4 13 from potential 598:606 arg1 1800 cm-1 691:699 1800 cm-1 691:699 1800 cm-1 691:699 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 4 13 from potential 598:606 arg1 range 672:676 the range 668:676 the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 668:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 8 14 theme conventional 1268:1279 arg1 toolkit 1290:1296 the conventional MS-based toolkit 1264:1296 the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1264:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 3 15 theme action 485:490 arg1 experiments 506:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments 469:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 469:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 2 16 dep them 265:268 arg1 seem 270:273 seem 270:273 seem structurally simple 270:293 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 8 17 theme IR 1323:1324 arg1 spectroscopy 1326:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 3 18 theme great 563:567 arg1 promise 569:575 great promise 563:575 great promise 563:575 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 1 19 theme linear 183:188 arg1 sequence 190:197 a linear sequence 181:197 a linear sequence 181:197 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 0 20 theme action 3:8 arg1 spectroscopy 10:21 action spectroscopy 3:21 action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides 3:59 IR action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. 31853603 6 21 theme room 928:931 arg1 temperature 933:943 room temperature 928:943 room temperature 928:943 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 3 22 from experiments 506:516 arg1 ions 553:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 5 23 theme benchmark 840:848 arg1 study 850:854 this benchmark study 835:854 this benchmark study 835:854 Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. 31853603 7 24 theme sulfation 1171:1179 arg1 pattern 1181:1187 sulfation pattern 1171:1187 sulfation pattern 1171:1187 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 1 25 theme physio- 94:100 arg1 class 140:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 25 theme physio- 94:100 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 62:86 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 8 26 theme gas-phase 1303:1311 arg1 spectroscopy 1326:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 7 27 theme monosaccharide 1140:1153 arg1 composition 1155:1165 monosaccharide composition 1140:1165 monosaccharide composition 1140:1165 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 7 28 theme infrared 1010:1017 arg1 spectroscopy 1026:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy 1000:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets 1000:1076 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 7 29 theme action 1019:1024 arg1 spectroscopy 1026:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy 1000:1037 cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets 1000:1076 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 3 30 theme infrared 476:483 arg1 experiments 506:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments 469:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 469:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 4 31 theme oligosaccharides 744:759 arg1 analysis 720:727 the structural analysis 705:727 the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 705:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 8 32 with toolkit 1290:1296 arg1 spectroscopy 1326:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 2 33 theme structural 379:388 arg1 diversity 390:398 an enormous structural diversity 367:398 an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date 367:466 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 0 34 theme oligosaccharides 44:59 arg1 spectroscopy 10:21 action spectroscopy 3:21 action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides 3:59 IR action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. 31853603 3 35 theme sulfated 521:528 arg1 ions 553:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 521:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 0 36 theme glycosaminoglycan 26:42 arg1 oligosaccharides 44:59 glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides 26:59 glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides 26:59 IR action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. 31853603 5 37 theme model 815:819 arg1 compounds 821:829 model compounds 815:829 model compounds for this benchmark study 815:854 Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. 31853603 5 37 theme model 815:819 arg1 pentasaccharides 783:798 pentasaccharides 783:798 pentasaccharides 783:798 Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. 31853603 5 37 theme model 815:819 arg1 tetra- 772:777 tetra- 772:777 tetra- 772:777 Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. 31853603 6 38 theme action 905:910 arg1 spectroscopy 912:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 2 39 theme linear 247:252 arg1 core 254:257 Their repetitive linear core 230:257 Their repetitive linear core 230:257 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 3 40 theme Recent 469:474 arg1 experiments 506:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments 469:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 469:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 8 41 theme cryogenic 1313:1321 arg1 spectroscopy 1326:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1303:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 6 42 theme dissociation 892:903 arg1 spectroscopy 912:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 2 43 theme repetitive 236:245 arg1 core 254:257 Their repetitive linear core 230:257 Their repetitive linear core 230:257 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 7 44 theme resolved 1085:1092 arg1 spectra 1103:1109 resolved infrared spectra 1085:1109 resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern 1085:1187 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 4 45 theme types 615:619 arg1 potential 598:606 the potential 594:606 the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 594:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 7 46 theme diagnostic 1116:1125 arg1 features 1127:1134 diagnostic features 1116:1134 diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern 1116:1187 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 6 47 theme photon 885:890 arg1 spectroscopy 912:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 7 48 theme helium 1058:1063 arg1 nanodroplets 1065:1076 helium nanodroplets 1058:1076 helium nanodroplets 1058:1076 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 1 49 theme relevant 131:138 arg1 class 140:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 49 theme relevant 131:138 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 62:86 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 7 50 theme infrared 1094:1101 arg1 spectra 1103:1109 resolved infrared spectra 1085:1109 resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern 1085:1187 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 6 51 theme multiple 876:883 arg1 spectroscopy 912:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 3 52 theme spectroscopic 492:504 arg1 experiments 506:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments 469:516 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions 469:556 Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. 31853603 4 53 dep 1800 cm-1 691:699 arg1 to 688:689 to 688:689 to 688:689 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 6 54 theme infrared 867:874 arg1 spectroscopy 912:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy 867:923 Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. 31853603 8 55 theme MS-based 1281:1288 arg1 toolkit 1290:1296 the conventional MS-based toolkit 1264:1296 the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy 1264:1337 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 8 56 theme GAGs 1206:1209 arg1 analysis 1194:1201 The analysis 1190:1201 The analysis of GAGs 1190:1209 The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy. 31853603 1 57 theme saccharides 157:167 arg1 class 140:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class 92:144 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 1 57 theme saccharides 157:167 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans 62:79 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 62:86 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 4 58 theme GAG 740:742 arg1 oligosaccharides 744:759 complex GAG oligosaccharides 732:759 complex GAG oligosaccharides 732:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 4 59 from 1800 cm-1 691:699 arg1 potential 598:606 the potential 594:606 the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 594:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 4 59 from 1800 cm-1 691:699 arg1 range 672:676 the range 668:676 the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides 668:759 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 4 60 theme approaches 654:663 arg1 types 615:619 two types 611:619 two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 611:663 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 1 61 theme complex 149:155 arg1 saccharides 157:167 complex saccharides 149:167 complex saccharides 149:167 Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. 31853603 7 62 with spectra 1103:1109 arg1 features 1127:1134 diagnostic features 1116:1134 diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern 1116:1187 In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. 31853603 4 63 theme action 634:639 arg1 approaches 654:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31853603 9 64 dep abstract 1350:1357 arg1 Graphical 1340:1348 Graphical 1340:1348 Graphical 1340:1348 Graphical abstract. 31853603 2 65 theme enormous 370:377 arg1 diversity 390:398 an enormous structural diversity 367:398 an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date 367:466 Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. 31853603 4 66 theme gas-phase 624:632 arg1 approaches 654:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches 624:663 Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm-1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. 31830711 0 0 theme rice 68:71 arg1 profile 49:55 the coated layer profile 32:55 the coated layer profile of steamed rice 32:71 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 4 1 theme % 769:769 arg1 w/w 779:781 w/w 779:781 w/w 779:781 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 1 theme % 769:769 arg1 % 776:776 80.27%-82.83% 764:776 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin 764:794 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 1 2 theme pressure 116:123 arg1 HPS 132:134 HPS 132:134 HPS 132:134 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31830711 1 2 theme pressure 116:123 arg1 steam 125:129 high pressure steam 111:129 high pressure steam (HPS) 111:135 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31830711 4 3 theme starch 678:683 arg1 % 698:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% 678:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)] 678:705 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 3 theme starch 678:683 arg1 component 644:652 the main component 635:652 the main component of the coated layer 635:672 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 3 theme starch 678:683 arg1 w/w 701:703 w/w 701:703 w/w 701:703 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 0 4 theme steamed 60:66 arg1 rice 68:71 steamed rice 60:71 steamed rice 60:71 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 3 5 theme adhesiveness 436:447 arg1 degradation 393:403 degradation 393:403 degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice 393:462 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 5 6 dep did 894:896 arg1 than 889:892 than 889:892 than 889:892 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 0 7 from Effect 0:5 arg1 profile 49:55 the coated layer profile 32:55 the coated layer profile of steamed rice 32:71 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 2 8 theme HPS-cooked 234:243 arg1 rice 245:248 HPS-cooked rice 234:248 HPS-cooked rice 234:248 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 5 9 contain had 833:835 arg1 change 799:804 A change 797:804 A change in relative molecular mass 797:831 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 5 9 contain had 833:835 arg2 impact 847:852 a greater impact 837:852 a greater impact 837:852 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 5 10 theme leached 931:937 arg1 starch 939:944 leached starch 931:944 leached starch 931:944 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 4 11 theme layer 668:672 arg1 % 698:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% 678:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)] 678:705 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 11 theme layer 668:672 arg1 component 644:652 the main component 635:652 the main component of the coated layer 635:672 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 2 12 theme histological 298:309 arg1 structure 311:319 the histological structure 294:319 the histological structure of its coated layer 294:339 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 5 13 theme starch 939:944 arg1 distribution 915:926 the chain-length distribution 898:926 the chain-length distribution of leached starch 898:944 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 3 14 theme rice 459:462 arg1 adhesiveness 436:447 adhesiveness 436:447 adhesiveness 436:447 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 3 14 theme rice 459:462 arg1 structure 422:430 cell wall structure 412:430 cell wall structure 412:430 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 3 15 theme HPS 371:373 arg1 levels 375:380 HPS levels 371:380 HPS levels 371:380 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 3 16 dep increased 464:472 arg1 increased 569:577 increased 569:577 increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g 569:613 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 2 17 theme layer 335:339 arg1 structure 311:319 the histological structure 294:319 the histological structure of its coated layer 294:339 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 17 theme layer 335:339 arg1 adhesiveness 218:229 the adhesiveness 214:229 the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice 214:248 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 17 theme layer 335:339 arg1 composition 258:268 the composition 254:268 the composition of leached materials 254:289 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 3 18 theme cooked 452:457 arg1 rice 459:462 cooked rice 452:462 cooked rice 452:462 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 4 19 theme chain 724:728 arg1 length 730:735 its average chain length 712:735 its average chain length 712:735 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 2 20 theme coated 328:333 arg1 layer 335:339 its coated layer 324:339 its coated layer 324:339 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 3 21 dep 0.9379 g/25 g 601:613 arg1 to 598:599 to 598:599 to 598:599 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 4 22 theme average 716:722 arg1 length 730:735 its average chain length 712:735 its average chain length 712:735 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 5 23 theme chain-length 902:913 arg1 distribution 915:926 the chain-length distribution 898:926 the chain-length distribution of leached starch 898:944 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 0 24 theme pressure 20:27 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 0:72 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 4 25 theme coated 661:666 arg1 layer 668:672 the coated layer 657:672 the coated layer 657:672 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 0 26 theme increased 10:18 arg1 pressure 20:27 increased pressure 10:27 increased pressure 10:27 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 4 27 theme % 776:776 arg1 amylopectin 784:794 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin 764:794 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin 764:794 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 3 28 theme coated 556:561 arg1 layer 563:567 the coated layer 552:567 the coated layer 552:567 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 2 29 theme rice 245:248 arg1 structure 311:319 the histological structure 294:319 the histological structure of its coated layer 294:339 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 29 theme rice 245:248 arg1 adhesiveness 218:229 the adhesiveness 214:229 the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice 214:248 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 29 theme rice 245:248 arg1 composition 258:268 the composition 254:268 the composition of leached materials 254:289 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 1 30 theme absorption 145:154 arg1 method 156:161 the absorption method 141:161 the absorption method to form the coated layer 141:186 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31830711 3 31 theme structure 422:430 arg1 degradation 393:403 degradation 393:403 degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice 393:462 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 3 32 theme layer 563:567 arg1 weight 542:547 the weight 538:547 the weight of the coated layer 538:567 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 0 33 theme layer 43:47 arg1 profile 49:55 the coated layer profile 32:55 the coated layer profile of steamed rice 32:71 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 5 34 theme relative 809:816 arg1 mass 828:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 3 35 theme wall 417:420 arg1 structure 422:430 cell wall structure 412:430 cell wall structure 412:430 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 0 36 theme coated 36:41 arg1 profile 49:55 the coated layer profile 32:55 the coated layer profile of steamed rice 32:71 Effect of increased pressure on the coated layer profile of steamed rice. 31830711 5 37 theme cooked 877:882 arg1 rice 884:887 cooked rice 877:887 cooked rice 877:887 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 2 38 theme materials 281:289 arg1 structure 311:319 the histological structure 294:319 the histological structure of its coated layer 294:339 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 38 theme materials 281:289 arg1 adhesiveness 218:229 the adhesiveness 214:229 the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice 214:248 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 2 38 theme materials 281:289 arg1 composition 258:268 the composition 254:268 the composition of leached materials 254:289 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 5 39 theme rice 884:887 arg1 adhesiveness 861:872 the adhesiveness 857:872 the adhesiveness of cooked rice 857:887 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 2 40 theme leached 273:279 arg1 materials 281:289 leached materials 273:289 leached materials 273:289 The relationship between the adhesiveness of HPS-cooked rice and the composition of leached materials or the histological structure of its coated layer was studied. 31830711 5 41 from change 799:804 arg1 mass 828:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 3 42 dep structure 422:430 arg1 the 408:410 the 408:410 the 408:410 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 4 43 theme % 691:691 arg1 % 698:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% 678:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)] 678:705 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 43 theme % 691:691 arg1 component 644:652 the main component 635:652 the main component of the coated layer 635:672 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 43 theme % 691:691 arg1 w/w 701:703 w/w 701:703 w/w 701:703 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 3 44 theme cell 412:415 arg1 structure 422:430 cell wall structure 412:430 cell wall structure 412:430 We found that as HPS levels increased, degradation of the cell wall structure and adhesiveness of cooked rice increased; moreover, substances leached out from rice more easily so that the weight of the coated layer increased from 0.4685 g/25 g to 0.9379 g/25 g. 31830711 4 45 theme main 639:642 arg1 % 698:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% 678:698 starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)] 678:705 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 4 45 theme main 639:642 arg1 component 644:652 the main component 635:652 the main component of the coated layer 635:672 We also found that the main component of the coated layer was starch [74.71%-84.24% (w/w)], and its average chain length was 15.53-15.81, including 80.27%-82.83% (w/w) amylopectin. 31830711 5 46 theme molecular 818:826 arg1 mass 828:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 relative molecular mass 809:831 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 5 47 theme greater 839:845 arg1 impact 847:852 a greater impact 837:852 a greater impact 837:852 A change in relative molecular mass had a greater impact on the adhesiveness of cooked rice than did the chain-length distribution of leached starch. 31830711 1 48 theme coated 175:180 arg1 layer 182:186 the coated layer 171:186 the coated layer 171:186 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31830711 1 49 theme high 111:114 arg1 HPS 132:134 HPS 132:134 HPS 132:134 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31830711 1 49 theme high 111:114 arg1 steam 125:129 high pressure steam 111:129 high pressure steam (HPS) 111:135 In this study, rice was cooked using high pressure steam (HPS) via the absorption method to form the coated layer. 31054650 1 0 theme carbohydrate 190:201 arg1 properties 215:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties 186:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 186:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 0 1 theme indigestible 64:75 arg1 carbohydrates 77:89 indigestible carbohydrates 64:89 indigestible carbohydrates 64:89 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 1 2 theme nutritional 203:213 arg1 properties 215:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties 186:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 186:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 4 3 theme non-starch 710:719 arg1 polysaccharides 721:735 non-starch polysaccharides 710:735 non-starch polysaccharides from CWF 710:744 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 3 4 theme starch 468:473 arg1 content 480:486 the lowest digestible starch (DS) content 446:486 the lowest digestible starch (DS) content 446:486 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 4 5 theme synergistic 650:660 arg1 presence 662:669 the synergistic presence 646:669 the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 646:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 6 from presence 662:669 arg1 EPF 686:688 EPF 686:688 EPF 686:688 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 6 from presence 662:669 arg1 protein 698:704 the protein 694:704 the protein 694:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 7 theme fraction 616:623 arg1 values 625:630 the highest indigestible fraction values 591:630 the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 591:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 8 theme indigestible 603:614 arg1 values 625:630 the highest indigestible fraction values 591:630 the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 591:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 7 9 theme successful 1056:1065 arg1 esterification 1018:1031 CA esterification 1015:1031 CA esterification of plantain flour 1015:1049 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 7 9 theme successful 1056:1065 arg1 strategy 1067:1074 a successful strategy 1054:1074 a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI 1054:1117 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 4 10 theme highest 595:601 arg1 values 625:630 the highest indigestible fraction values 591:630 the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 591:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 3 11 theme lowest 450:455 arg1 content 480:486 the lowest digestible starch (DS) content 446:486 the lowest digestible starch (DS) content 446:486 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 5 12 theme containing 755:764 arg1 cookies 766:772 All RPF containing cookies 747:772 All RPF containing cookies 747:772 All RPF containing cookies exhibited lower hardness than CWF-cookie. 31054650 1 13 theme citric 137:142 arg1 acid 144:147 its citric acid 133:147 its citric acid 133:147 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 3 14 theme digestible 457:466 arg1 starch 468:473 digestible starch 457:473 the lowest digestible starch (DS) content 446:486 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 3 14 theme digestible 457:466 arg1 DS 476:477 DS 476:477 DS 476:477 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 5 15 theme RPF 751:753 arg1 cookies 766:772 All RPF containing cookies 747:772 All RPF containing cookies 747:772 All RPF containing cookies exhibited lower hardness than CWF-cookie. 31054650 0 16 theme plantain 11:18 arg1 flour 20:24 plantain flour 11:24 plantain flour 11:24 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 4 17 from CWF 742:744 arg1 values 625:630 the highest indigestible fraction values 591:630 the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 591:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 17 from CWF 742:744 arg1 polysaccharides 721:735 non-starch polysaccharides 710:735 non-starch polysaccharides from CWF 710:744 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 3 18 dep index 511:515 arg1 59.3 534:537 59.3 534:537 59.3 534:537 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 3 18 dep index 511:515 arg1 % 528:528 25.0% 524:528 25.0% 524:528 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 1 19 theme cookies 229:235 arg1 properties 215:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties 186:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 186:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 6 20 theme % 959:959 arg1 characteristics 935:949 sensory characteristics 927:949 sensory characteristics of 52-65% 927:959 Although the use of RPF decreased consumer's acceptability compared to CWF-cookie, the cookies with EPF showed sensory characteristics of 52-65% compared with the CWF-cookie (100%). 31054650 7 21 theme plantain 1036:1043 arg1 flour 1045:1049 plantain flour 1036:1049 plantain flour 1036:1049 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 7 22 theme flour 1045:1049 arg1 esterification 1018:1031 CA esterification 1015:1031 CA esterification of plantain flour 1015:1049 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 7 22 theme flour 1045:1049 arg1 strategy 1067:1074 a successful strategy 1054:1074 a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI 1054:1117 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 0 23 from carbohydrates 77:89 arg1 rich 56:59 rich 56:59 rich 56:59 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 1 24 theme -esterified 153:163 arg1 EPF 178:180 EPF 178:180 EPF 178:180 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 1 24 theme -esterified 153:163 arg1 counterpart 165:175 its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart 133:175 its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) 133:181 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 0 25 theme rich 56:59 arg1 cookies 48:54 cookies 48:54 cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates 48:89 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 1 26 theme counterpart 165:175 arg1 role 96:99 The role 92:99 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 92:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 2 27 theme CWF-EPF 329:335 arg1 blend 337:341 a CWF-EPF blend 327:341 a CWF-EPF blend 327:341 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 6 28 with cookies 903:909 arg1 EPF 916:918 EPF 916:918 EPF 916:918 Although the use of RPF decreased consumer's acceptability compared to CWF-cookie, the cookies with EPF showed sensory characteristics of 52-65% compared with the CWF-cookie (100%). 31054650 6 29 theme sensory 927:933 arg1 characteristics 935:949 sensory characteristics 927:949 sensory characteristics of 52-65% 927:959 Although the use of RPF decreased consumer's acceptability compared to CWF-cookie, the cookies with EPF showed sensory characteristics of 52-65% compared with the CWF-cookie (100%). 31054650 2 30 theme starch 374:379 arg1 digestibility 381:393 starch digestibility 374:393 starch digestibility 374:393 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 6 31 theme RPF 836:838 arg1 use 829:831 the use 825:831 the use of RPF 825:838 Although the use of RPF decreased consumer's acceptability compared to CWF-cookie, the cookies with EPF showed sensory characteristics of 52-65% compared with the CWF-cookie (100%). 31054650 0 32 from rich 56:59 arg1 carbohydrates 77:89 indigestible carbohydrates 64:89 indigestible carbohydrates 64:89 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 3 33 theme estimated 492:500 arg1 index 511:515 estimated glycemic index 492:515 estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively) 492:552 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 3 33 theme estimated 492:500 arg1 pGI 518:520 pGI 518:520 pGI 518:520 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 1 34 theme raw 104:106 arg1 flour 117:121 raw plantain flour 104:121 raw plantain flour (RPF) 104:127 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 1 34 theme raw 104:106 arg1 RPF 124:126 RPF 124:126 RPF 124:126 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 7 35 theme CA 1015:1016 arg1 esterification 1018:1031 CA esterification 1015:1031 CA esterification of plantain flour 1015:1049 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 7 35 theme CA 1015:1016 arg1 strategy 1067:1074 a successful strategy 1054:1074 a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI 1054:1117 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 3 36 theme glycemic 502:509 arg1 index 511:515 estimated glycemic index 492:515 estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively) 492:552 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 3 36 theme glycemic 502:509 arg1 pGI 518:520 pGI 518:520 pGI 518:520 EPF-cookie showed the lowest digestible starch (DS) content and estimated glycemic index (pGI) (25.0% and 59.3, respectively). 31054650 4 37 from protein 698:704 arg1 presence 662:669 the synergistic presence 646:669 the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 646:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 37 from protein 698:704 arg1 RS 678:679 the RS 674:679 the RS from EPF and the protein 674:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 1 38 theme plantain 108:115 arg1 flour 117:121 raw plantain flour 104:121 raw plantain flour (RPF) 104:127 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 1 38 theme plantain 108:115 arg1 RPF 124:126 RPF 124:126 RPF 124:126 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 1 39 from role 96:99 arg1 properties 215:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties 186:224 the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 186:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 7 40 with cookies 1091:1097 arg1 pGI 1115:1117 pGI 1115:1117 pGI 1115:1117 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 7 40 with cookies 1091:1097 arg1 DS 1108:1109 low DS 1104:1109 low DS 1104:1109 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 1 41 theme flour 117:121 arg1 role 96:99 The role 92:99 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies 92:235 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 4 42 theme RS 678:679 arg1 presence 662:669 the synergistic presence 646:669 the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 646:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 2 43 theme commercial 284:293 arg1 flour 301:305 commercial wheat flour 284:305 commercial wheat flour (CWF) 284:311 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 2 43 theme commercial 284:293 arg1 CWF 308:310 CWF 308:310 CWF 308:310 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 2 44 theme wheat 295:299 arg1 flour 301:305 commercial wheat flour 284:305 commercial wheat flour (CWF) 284:311 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 2 44 theme wheat 295:299 arg1 CWF 308:310 CWF 308:310 CWF 308:310 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 31054650 7 45 theme low 1104:1106 arg1 DS 1108:1109 low DS 1104:1109 low DS 1104:1109 This study shows CA esterification of plantain flour as a successful strategy to manufacture cookies with low DS and pGI. 31054650 4 46 from EPF 686:688 arg1 presence 662:669 the synergistic presence 646:669 the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein 646:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 4 46 from EPF 686:688 arg1 RS 678:679 the RS 674:679 the RS from EPF and the protein 674:704 Cookies made with CWF-EPF exhibited the highest indigestible fraction values attributed to the synergistic presence of the RS from EPF and the protein and non-starch polysaccharides from CWF. 31054650 5 47 theme lower 784:788 arg1 hardness 790:797 lower hardness 784:797 lower hardness 784:797 All RPF containing cookies exhibited lower hardness than CWF-cookie. 31054650 0 48 theme cookies 48:54 arg1 production 34:43 the production 30:43 the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates 30:89 Esterified plantain flour for the production of cookies rich in indigestible carbohydrates. 31054650 1 49 dep -esterified 153:163 arg1 acid 144:147 its citric acid 133:147 its citric acid 133:147 The role of raw plantain flour (RPF) and its citric acid (CA)-esterified counterpart (EPF) on the carbohydrate nutritional properties of cookies was investigated. 31054650 2 50 theme sensory 408:414 arg1 properties 416:425 sensory properties 408:425 sensory properties 408:425 Cookies were elaborated with commercial wheat flour (CWF), RPF, EPF, or a CWF-EPF blend, and assessed for composition, starch digestibility, texture and sensory properties. 30722888 0 0 theme starch 100:105 arg1 content 107:113 resistant starch content 90:113 resistant starch content 90:113 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 5 1 theme RS 720:721 arg1 contents 723:730 RS contents 720:730 RS contents 720:730 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 6 2 theme cornmeal 990:997 arg1 parameters 970:979 The texture profile parameters 950:979 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal 950:997 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 6 2 theme cornmeal 990:997 arg1 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 4 3 theme bound 666:670 arg1 acids 681:685 the bound phenolic acids 662:685 the bound phenolic acids (71.1%) 662:693 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 3 theme bound 666:670 arg1 % 692:692 71.1% 688:692 71.1% 688:692 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 6 4 theme texture 954:960 arg1 parameters 970:979 The texture profile parameters 950:979 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal 950:997 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 6 4 theme texture 954:960 arg1 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 0 5 theme resistant 90:98 arg1 content 107:113 resistant starch content 90:113 resistant starch content 90:113 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 0 6 from size 9:12 arg1 content 107:113 resistant starch content 90:113 resistant starch content 90:113 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 5 7 theme ferulic 863:869 arg1 acids 871:875 hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids 844:875 hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids 844:875 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 1 8 theme hydrothermal 256:267 arg1 treatment 269:277 the hydrothermal treatment 252:277 the hydrothermal treatment 252:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 5 9 theme hydroxybenzoic 844:857 arg1 acids 871:875 hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids 844:875 hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids 844:875 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 4 10 from reduction 649:657 arg1 sugars 579:584 the total reducing sugars 560:584 the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 560:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 10 from reduction 649:657 arg1 % 596:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 11 theme free 616:619 arg1 acids 630:634 free phenolic acids 616:634 free phenolic acids (256.7%) 616:643 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 11 theme free 616:619 arg1 % 642:642 256.7% 637:642 256.7% 637:642 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 6 12 theme differential 1038:1049 arg1 DSC 1073:1075 DSC 1073:1075 DSC 1073:1075 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 6 12 theme differential 1038:1049 arg1 calorimetry 1060:1070 differential scanning calorimetry 1038:1070 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis 1038:1085 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 5 13 theme component 807:815 arg1 PCA 827:829 PCA 827:829 PCA 827:829 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 5 13 theme component 807:815 arg1 analysis 817:824 principal component analysis 797:824 principal component analysis (PCA) 797:830 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 4 14 theme acids 681:685 arg1 reduction 649:657 reduction 649:657 reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%) 649:693 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 14 theme acids 681:685 arg1 reduction 547:555 a reduction 545:555 a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 545:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 14 theme acids 681:685 arg1 availability 600:611 availability 600:611 availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) 600:643 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 5 15 theme principal 797:805 arg1 PCA 827:829 PCA 827:829 PCA 827:829 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 5 15 theme principal 797:805 arg1 analysis 817:824 principal component analysis 797:824 principal component analysis (PCA) 797:830 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 3 16 theme higher 479:484 arg1 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 3 16 theme higher 479:484 arg1 content 489:495 higher RS content 479:495 higher RS content (202 mg/g) 479:506 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 1 17 theme different 181:189 arg1 cornmeals 191:199 three different cornmeals 175:199 three different cornmeals 175:199 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 1 18 theme cornmeals 191:199 arg1 size 142:145 particle size 133:145 particle size 133:145 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 1 18 theme cornmeals 191:199 arg1 composition 160:170 chemical composition 151:170 chemical composition 151:170 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 0 19 from characteristics 36:50 arg1 content 107:113 resistant starch content 90:113 resistant starch content 90:113 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 0 20 theme Particle 0:7 arg1 size 9:12 Particle size 0:12 Particle size 0:12 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 4 21 theme hydrothermal 513:524 arg1 treatment 526:534 The hydrothermal treatment 509:534 The hydrothermal treatment 509:534 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 2 22 theme hydrothermal 379:390 arg1 treatment 392:400 the hydrothermal treatment 375:400 the hydrothermal treatment 375:400 The changes in reducing sugars and phenolic acids in different fractions caused by the hydrothermal treatment were correlated with RS content. 30722888 0 23 theme physical-chemical 18:34 arg1 characteristics 36:50 physical-chemical characteristics 18:50 physical-chemical characteristics 18:50 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 5 24 theme similar 907:913 arg1 complex 941:947 RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex 904:947 RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex 904:947 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 1 25 theme resistant 208:216 arg1 starch 218:223 resistant starch 208:223 the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment 204:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 1 25 theme resistant 208:216 arg1 RS 226:227 RS 226:227 RS 226:227 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 5 26 theme RS 904:905 arg1 complex 941:947 RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex 904:947 RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex 904:947 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 4 27 theme reducing 570:577 arg1 sugars 579:584 the total reducing sugars 560:584 the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 560:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 27 theme reducing 570:577 arg1 % 596:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 1 28 theme starch 218:223 arg1 content 230:236 the resistant starch (RS) content 204:236 the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment 204:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 4 29 from reduction 547:555 arg1 sugars 579:584 the total reducing sugars 560:584 the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 560:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 29 from reduction 547:555 arg1 % 596:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 30 theme phenolic 672:679 arg1 acids 681:685 the bound phenolic acids 662:685 the bound phenolic acids (71.1%) 662:693 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 30 theme phenolic 672:679 arg1 % 692:692 71.1% 688:692 71.1% 688:692 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 3 31 theme particle 461:468 arg1 size 470:473 smaller particle size 453:473 smaller particle size 453:473 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 2 32 theme RS 423:424 arg1 content 426:432 RS content 423:432 RS content 423:432 The changes in reducing sugars and phenolic acids in different fractions caused by the hydrothermal treatment were correlated with RS content. 30722888 5 33 theme phenolic 736:743 arg1 acids 745:749 phenolic acids 736:749 phenolic acids 736:749 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 5 34 theme multivariate 769:780 arg1 statistics 782:791 multivariate statistics 769:791 multivariate statistics 769:791 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 4 35 theme total 564:568 arg1 sugars 579:584 the total reducing sugars 560:584 the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 560:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 35 theme total 564:568 arg1 % 596:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 36 theme acids 630:634 arg1 reduction 649:657 reduction 649:657 reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%) 649:693 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 36 theme acids 630:634 arg1 reduction 547:555 a reduction 545:555 a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 545:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 36 theme acids 630:634 arg1 availability 600:611 availability 600:611 availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) 600:643 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 0 37 theme treated 70:76 arg1 cornmeal 78:85 hydrothermally treated cornmeal 55:85 hydrothermally treated cornmeal 55:85 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 3 38 contain had 475:477 arg2 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 3 38 contain had 475:477 arg1 cornmeal 439:446 The cornmeal 435:446 The cornmeal with smaller particle size 435:473 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 3 38 contain had 475:477 arg2 content 489:495 higher RS content 479:495 higher RS content (202 mg/g) 479:506 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 6 39 theme calorimetry 1060:1070 arg1 analysis 1078:1085 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis 1038:1085 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis 1038:1085 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 2 40 theme different 345:353 arg1 fractions 355:363 different fractions 345:363 different fractions caused by the hydrothermal treatment 345:400 The changes in reducing sugars and phenolic acids in different fractions caused by the hydrothermal treatment were correlated with RS content. 30722888 3 41 with cornmeal 439:446 arg1 size 470:473 smaller particle size 453:473 smaller particle size 453:473 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 1 42 theme particle 133:140 arg1 size 142:145 particle size 133:145 particle size 133:145 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 5 43 theme complex 941:947 arg1 formation 891:899 the formation 887:899 the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex 887:947 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 4 44 from availability 600:611 arg1 sugars 579:584 the total reducing sugars 560:584 the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%) 560:597 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 44 from availability 600:611 arg1 % 596:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 46.7-84.5% 587:596 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 1 45 theme size 142:145 arg1 influence 120:128 The influence 116:128 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment 116:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 1 46 from influence 120:128 arg1 content 230:236 the resistant starch (RS) content 204:236 the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment 204:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 5 47 dep similar 907:913 arg1 amylose-phenol 926:939 amylose-phenol 926:939 amylose-phenol 926:939 The correlation between RS contents and phenolic acids was determined by multivariate statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that hydroxybenzoic and ferulic acids influence the formation of RS similar to type 5, amylose-phenol complex. 30722888 2 48 theme phenolic 327:334 arg1 acids 336:340 phenolic acids 327:340 phenolic acids 327:340 The changes in reducing sugars and phenolic acids in different fractions caused by the hydrothermal treatment were correlated with RS content. 30722888 3 49 theme RS 486:487 arg1 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 202 mg/g 498:505 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 3 49 theme RS 486:487 arg1 content 489:495 higher RS content 479:495 higher RS content (202 mg/g) 479:506 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 6 50 theme scanning 1051:1058 arg1 DSC 1073:1075 DSC 1073:1075 DSC 1073:1075 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 6 50 theme scanning 1051:1058 arg1 calorimetry 1060:1070 differential scanning calorimetry 1038:1070 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis 1038:1085 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 4 51 theme phenolic 621:628 arg1 acids 630:634 free phenolic acids 616:634 free phenolic acids (256.7%) 616:643 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 4 51 theme phenolic 621:628 arg1 % 642:642 256.7% 637:642 256.7% 637:642 The hydrothermal treatment promoted a reduction in the total reducing sugars (46.7-84.5%), availability of free phenolic acids (256.7%) and reduction of the bound phenolic acids (71.1%). 30722888 1 52 theme chemical 151:158 arg1 composition 160:170 chemical composition 151:170 chemical composition 151:170 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 3 53 theme smaller 453:459 arg1 size 470:473 smaller particle size 453:473 smaller particle size 453:473 The cornmeal with smaller particle size had higher RS content (202 mg/g). 30722888 0 54 theme cornmeal 78:85 arg1 size 9:12 Particle size 0:12 Particle size 0:12 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 0 54 theme cornmeal 78:85 arg1 characteristics 36:50 physical-chemical characteristics 18:50 physical-chemical characteristics 18:50 Particle size and physical-chemical characteristics of hydrothermally treated cornmeal on resistant starch content. 30722888 1 55 theme composition 160:170 arg1 influence 120:128 The influence 116:128 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment 116:277 The influence of particle size and chemical composition of three different cornmeals on the resistant starch (RS) content formed during the hydrothermal treatment was studied. 30722888 6 56 theme profile 962:968 arg1 parameters 970:979 The texture profile parameters 950:979 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal 950:997 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30722888 6 56 theme profile 962:968 arg1 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 TPA 982:984 The texture profile parameters (TPA) of cornmeal were negatively correlated with RS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed consistency with this behavior. 30019133 6 0 theme Langmuir 1016:1023 arg1 model 1025:1029 the Langmuir model 1012:1029 the Langmuir model 1012:1029 The Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption process well fitted the Langmuir model. 30019133 1 1 theme adsorbent 218:226 arg1 nano-composite 203:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite 152:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent 152:226 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 2 2 theme transmission 485:496 arg1 TEM 519:521 TEM 519:521 TEM 519:521 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 2 theme transmission 485:496 arg1 microscopy 507:516 transmission electron microscopy 485:516 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 485:522 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 0 3 theme aqueous 135:141 arg1 systems 143:149 aqueous systems 135:149 aqueous systems 135:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 4 4 theme Fe3O4 720:724 arg1 contents 726:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 10 5 theme Cr 1415:1416 arg1 evaluation 1401:1410 the evaluation 1397:1410 the evaluation of Cr 1397:1416 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 9 6 theme NaOH 1367:1370 arg1 agents 1351:1356 stripping agents 1341:1356 stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3 1341:1385 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 3 7 theme swelling 621:628 arg1 kinetics 630:637 swelling kinetics 621:637 swelling kinetics 621:637 The behavior of swelling kinetics was also studied. 30019133 4 8 theme initial 736:742 arg1 pH 744:745 initial pH 736:745 initial pH 736:745 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 2 9 theme X-ray 460:464 arg1 XRD 479:481 XRD 479:481 XRD 479:481 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 9 theme X-ray 460:464 arg1 diffraction 466:476 X-ray diffraction 460:476 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 460:482 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 10 10 theme -Co 1421:1423 arg1 system 1440:1445 -Co(II) coexisting system 1421:1445 -Co(II) coexisting system 1421:1445 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 1 11 theme batch 308:312 arg1 system 314:319 a batch system 306:319 a batch system 306:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 1 12 theme chitosan/ceria/iron 160:178 arg1 nano-composite 203:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite 152:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent 152:226 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 0 13 theme Co 118:119 arg1 removal 96:102 removal 96:102 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 96:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 5 14 theme double 863:868 arg1 model 882:886 The double exponential model 859:886 The double exponential model 859:886 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 10 15 theme coexisting 1429:1438 arg1 system 1440:1445 -Co(II) coexisting system 1421:1445 -Co(II) coexisting system 1421:1445 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 9 16 theme stripping 1341:1349 arg1 agents 1351:1356 stripping agents 1341:1356 stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3 1341:1385 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 2 17 theme Brunauer- 565:573 arg1 analyses 595:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 0 18 dep Co 118:119 arg1 ions 125:128 ions 125:128 Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 118:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 0 18 dep Co 118:119 arg1 II 121:122 II 121:122 II 121:122 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 8 19 theme thermodynamic 1179:1191 arg1 parameters 1193:1202 thermodynamic parameters 1179:1202 thermodynamic parameters 1179:1202 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 7 20 theme isotherm 1090:1097 arg1 model 1099:1103 Langmuir isotherm model 1081:1103 Langmuir isotherm model 1081:1103 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 5 21 theme Cr 935:936 arg1 data 927:930 the kinetic data 915:930 the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions 915:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 4 22 from effect 661:666 arg1 capacity 837:844 the adsorption capacity 822:844 the adsorption capacity 822:844 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 1 23 dep Cr 259:260 arg1 VI 262:263 VI 262:263 VI 262:263 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 1 23 dep Cr 259:260 arg1 ions 277:280 ions 277:280 ions 277:280 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 2 24 theme infrared 430:437 arg1 FTIR 453:456 FTIR 453:456 FTIR 453:456 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 24 theme infrared 430:437 arg1 spectroscopy 439:450 infrared spectroscopy 430:450 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 430:457 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 25 theme thermal 525:531 arg1 analysis 545:552 thermal gravimetric analysis 525:552 thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 525:558 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 25 theme thermal 525:531 arg1 TGA 555:557 TGA 555:557 TGA 555:557 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 1 26 theme aqueous 287:293 arg1 systems 295:301 aqueous systems 287:301 aqueous systems in a batch system 287:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 7 27 theme Langmuir 1081:1088 arg1 model 1099:1103 Langmuir isotherm model 1081:1103 Langmuir isotherm model 1081:1103 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 2 28 theme emission 365:372 arg1 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 28 theme emission 365:372 arg1 microscopy 392:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy 359:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 359:409 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 1 29 from systems 295:301 arg1 system 314:319 a batch system 306:319 a batch system 306:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 1 29 from systems 295:301 arg1 removal 248:254 removal 248:254 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system 248:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 0 30 theme ceria/iron 15:24 arg1 oxide 26:30 ceria/iron oxide 15:30 ceria/iron oxide 15:30 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 7 31 theme adsorption 1044:1053 arg1 315.4 1110:1114 315.4 1110:1114 315.4 1110:1114 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 7 31 theme adsorption 1044:1053 arg1 capacities 1055:1064 The maximum adsorption capacities 1032:1064 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model 1032:1103 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 10 32 dep adsorption 1529:1538 arg1 VI 1525:1526 VI 1525:1526 VI 1525:1526 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 4 33 theme parameters 690:699 arg1 effect 661:666 The effect 657:666 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity 657:844 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 2 34 theme electron 383:390 arg1 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 34 theme electron 383:390 arg1 microscopy 392:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy 359:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 359:409 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 8 35 theme Co 1254:1255 arg1 nature 1233:1238 the nature 1229:1238 the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption 1229:1270 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 4 36 theme contact 748:754 arg1 time 756:759 contact time 748:759 contact time 748:759 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 1 37 theme Co 270:271 arg1 removal 248:254 removal 248:254 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system 248:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 0 38 dep nano-composites 32:46 arg1 based 48:52 based 48:52 nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 32:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 10 39 theme inhibitor 1500:1508 arg1 role 1510:1513 an inhibitor role 1497:1513 an inhibitor role 1497:1513 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 1 40 theme oxide 180:184 arg1 nano-composite 203:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite 152:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent 152:226 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 9 41 theme CS/ceria/Fe3O4 1292:1305 arg1 nano-composite 1307:1320 CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite 1292:1320 CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite 1292:1320 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 contents 726:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 time 756:759 contact time 748:759 contact time 748:759 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 temperature 807:817 temperature 807:817 temperature 807:817 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 parameters 690:699 several adsorption parameters 671:699 several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature 671:817 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 Cr 770:771 initial Cr 762:771 initial Cr(VI) 762:775 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 CeO2 711:714 CeO2 711:714 CeO2 711:714 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 42 theme several 671:677 arg1 pH 744:745 initial pH 736:745 initial pH 736:745 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 1 43 theme CS/ceria/Fe3O4 187:200 arg1 nano-composite 203:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite 152:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent 152:226 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 10 44 theme Cr 1522:1523 arg1 adsorption 1529:1538 the Cr(VI) adsorption 1518:1538 the Cr(VI) adsorption 1518:1538 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 2 45 theme electron 498:505 arg1 TEM 519:521 TEM 519:521 TEM 519:521 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 45 theme electron 498:505 arg1 microscopy 507:516 transmission electron microscopy 485:516 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 485:522 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 46 theme scanning 374:381 arg1 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 46 theme scanning 374:381 arg1 microscopy 392:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy 359:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 359:409 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 9 47 theme 0.1 M 1361:1365 arg1 NaOH 1367:1370 0.1 M NaOH 1361:1370 0.1 M NaOH 1361:1370 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 6 48 theme adsorption 981:990 arg1 process 992:998 adsorption process 981:998 adsorption process 981:998 The Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption process well fitted the Langmuir model. 30019133 3 49 theme kinetics 630:637 arg1 behavior 609:616 The behavior 605:616 The behavior of swelling kinetics 605:637 The behavior of swelling kinetics was also studied. 30019133 9 50 theme HNO3 1382:1385 arg1 agents 1351:1356 stripping agents 1341:1356 stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3 1341:1385 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 5 51 theme better 899:904 arg1 fit 906:908 a better fit 897:908 a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions 897:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 7 52 dep Cr 1135:1136 arg1 VI 1138:1139 VI 1138:1139 VI 1138:1139 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 1 53 theme novel 154:158 arg1 nano-composite 203:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite 152:216 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent 152:226 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 2 54 theme BET 590:592 arg1 analyses 595:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 10 55 dep confirmed 1447:1455 arg1 VI 1418:1419 VI 1418:1419 VI 1418:1419 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 7 56 dep Co 1146:1147 arg1 ions 1153:1156 ions 1153:1156 Co(II) ions 1146:1156 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 7 56 dep Co 1146:1147 arg1 II 1149:1150 II 1149:1150 II 1149:1150 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 9 57 theme 0.1 M 1376:1380 arg1 HNO3 1382:1385 0.1 M HNO3 1376:1385 0.1 M HNO3 1376:1385 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30019133 2 58 theme Emmett-Teller 575:587 arg1 analyses 595:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses 565:602 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 6 59 dep Cr 963:964 arg1 VI 966:967 VI 966:967 VI 966:967 The Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption process well fitted the Langmuir model. 30019133 6 59 dep Cr 963:964 arg1 process 992:998 adsorption process 981:998 adsorption process 981:998 The Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption process well fitted the Langmuir model. 30019133 5 60 theme exponential 870:880 arg1 model 882:886 The double exponential model 859:886 The double exponential model 859:886 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 10 61 theme Co 1478:1479 arg1 ions 1485:1488 Co(II) ions 1478:1488 Co(II) ions 1478:1488 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 4 62 theme initial 762:768 arg1 Cr 770:771 initial Cr 762:771 initial Cr(VI) 762:775 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 0 63 from removal 96:102 arg1 systems 143:149 aqueous systems 135:149 aqueous systems 135:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 4 64 dep Cr 770:771 arg1 VI 773:774 VI 773:774 VI 773:774 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 8 65 dep Cr 1243:1244 arg1 adsorption 1261:1270 adsorption 1261:1270 adsorption 1261:1270 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 8 65 dep Cr 1243:1244 arg1 VI 1246:1247 VI 1246:1247 VI 1246:1247 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 8 66 used used 1209:1212 arg2 parameters 1193:1202 thermodynamic parameters 1179:1202 thermodynamic parameters 1179:1202 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 0 67 dep Cr 107:108 arg1 VI 110:111 VI 110:111 VI 110:111 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 4 68 theme Co 781:782 arg1 concentration 788:800 Co(II) concentration 781:800 Co(II) concentration 781:800 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 2 69 theme gravimetric 533:543 arg1 analysis 545:552 thermal gravimetric analysis 525:552 thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 525:558 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 69 theme gravimetric 533:543 arg1 TGA 555:557 TGA 555:557 TGA 555:557 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 0 70 theme Cr 107:108 arg1 removal 96:102 removal 96:102 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 96:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 5 71 theme kinetic 919:925 arg1 data 927:930 the kinetic data 915:930 the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions 915:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 8 72 theme Cr 1243:1244 arg1 nature 1233:1238 the nature 1229:1238 the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption 1229:1270 Also, thermodynamic parameters were used to distinguish the nature of Cr(VI) and Co(II) adsorption. 30019133 2 73 theme field 359:363 arg1 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 FESEM 404:408 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 2 73 theme field 359:363 arg1 microscopy 392:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy 359:401 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 359:409 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 0 74 from systems 143:149 arg1 removal 96:102 removal 96:102 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 96:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 0 74 from systems 143:149 arg1 Co 118:119 Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 118:149 Co(II) ions from aqueous systems 118:149 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 0 74 from systems 143:149 arg1 Cr 107:108 Cr 107:108 Cr(VI) 107:112 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 5 75 with fit 906:908 arg1 data 927:930 the kinetic data 915:930 the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions 915:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 0 76 theme oxide 26:30 arg1 Performance 0:10 Performance 0:10 Performance of ceria/iron oxide 0:30 Performance of ceria/iron oxide nano-composites based on chitosan as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems. 30019133 7 77 theme maximum 1036:1042 arg1 315.4 1110:1114 315.4 1110:1114 315.4 1110:1114 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 7 77 theme maximum 1036:1042 arg1 capacities 1055:1064 The maximum adsorption capacities 1032:1064 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model 1032:1103 The maximum adsorption capacities estimated from Langmuir isotherm model were 315.4 and 260.6 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions, respectively. 30019133 5 78 dep Cr 935:936 arg1 ions 953:956 ions 953:956 ions 953:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 5 78 dep Cr 935:936 arg1 VI 938:939 VI 938:939 VI 938:939 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 10 79 theme ions 1485:1488 arg1 presence 1466:1473 the presence 1462:1473 the presence of Co(II) ions 1462:1488 Finally, the evaluation of Cr(VI)-Co(II) coexisting system confirmed that the presence of Co(II) ions played an inhibitor role on the Cr(VI) adsorption. 30019133 1 80 theme Cr 259:260 arg1 removal 248:254 removal 248:254 removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system 248:319 A novel chitosan/ceria/iron oxide (CS/ceria/Fe3O4) nano-composite adsorbent was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions from aqueous systems in a batch system. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 contents 726:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 Fe3O4 contents 720:733 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 time 756:759 contact time 748:759 contact time 748:759 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 temperature 807:817 temperature 807:817 temperature 807:817 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 parameters 690:699 several adsorption parameters 671:699 several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature 671:817 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 Cr 770:771 initial Cr 762:771 initial Cr(VI) 762:775 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 CeO2 711:714 CeO2 711:714 CeO2 711:714 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 4 81 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 pH 744:745 initial pH 736:745 initial pH 736:745 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 5 82 theme Co 946:947 arg1 data 927:930 the kinetic data 915:930 the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions 915:956 The double exponential model revealed a better fit with the kinetic data of Cr(VI) and Co(II) ions. 30019133 4 83 theme adsorption 826:835 arg1 capacity 837:844 the adsorption capacity 822:844 the adsorption capacity 822:844 The effect of several adsorption parameters including CeO2 and Fe3O4 contents, initial pH, contact time, initial Cr(VI) and Co(II) concentration, and temperature on the adsorption capacity was studied. 30019133 2 84 dep Fourier 412:418 arg1 transform 420:428 transform 420:428 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 420:457 The adsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses. 30019133 9 85 theme nano-composite 1307:1320 arg1 reusability 1277:1287 The reusability 1273:1287 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite 1273:1320 The reusability of CS/ceria/Fe3O4 nano-composite was evaluated with stripping agents of 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HNO3. 30501912 1 0 theme partial 468:474 arg1 PM 490:491 PM 490:491 PM 490:491 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 1 0 theme partial 468:474 arg1 meniscectomy 476:487 a partial meniscectomy 466:487 a partial meniscectomy (PM) 466:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 9 1 theme ECM 1634:1636 arg1 FCD 1638:1640 ECM FCD 1634:1640 ECM FCD 1634:1640 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 6 2 theme PCM 1176:1178 arg1 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss 1168:1186 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 4 3 with models 992:997 arg1 properties 1013:1022 measured properties 1004:1022 measured properties 1004:1022 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 6 4 theme ECM 1168:1170 arg1 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss 1168:1186 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 6 5 theme PM 1243:1244 arg1 group 1246:1250 the PM group 1239:1250 the PM group at all locations 1239:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 1 6 theme cartilage 210:218 arg1 properties 196:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties 162:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage 162:218 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 9 7 theme volume 1657:1662 arg1 loss 1664:1667 cell volume loss 1652:1667 cell volume loss 1652:1667 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 10 8 theme model 1732:1736 arg1 change 1759:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 10 8 theme model 1732:1736 arg1 outcome 1738:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 10 8 theme model 1732:1736 arg1 sensitive 1776:1784 sensitive 1776:1784 sensitive 1776:1784 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 3 9 from plateau 848:854 arg1 groove 749:754 femoral groove 741:754 femoral groove 741:754 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 3 9 from plateau 848:854 arg1 samples 760:766 samples 760:766 samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau 760:854 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 3 9 from plateau 848:854 arg1 Patellar 731:738 Patellar 731:738 Patellar 731:738 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 8 10 theme volume 1436:1441 arg1 changes 1443:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 The FE simulations predicted similar chondrocyte volume changes and group differences as obtained experimentally. 30501912 2 11 theme extracellular 597:609 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 11 theme extracellular 597:609 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 12 theme microscopic 692:702 arg1 methods 722:728 microscopic and spectroscopic methods 692:728 microscopic and spectroscopic methods 692:728 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 9 13 dep decreased 1540:1548 arg1 whereas 1618:1624 whereas 1618:1624 whereas 1618:1624 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 6 14 theme tibial 1292:1297 arg1 plateau 1299:1305 the lateral tibial plateau 1280:1305 the lateral tibial plateau 1280:1305 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 1 15 theme rabbit 434:439 arg1 joints 446:451 rabbit knee joints 434:451 rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 434:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 1 16 theme knee 441:444 arg1 joints 446:451 rabbit knee joints 434:451 rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 434:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 6 17 theme superficial 1208:1218 arg1 layer 1230:1234 the superficial cartilage layer 1204:1234 the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations 1204:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 3 18 theme medial 794:799 arg1 compartments 801:812 the lateral and medial compartments 778:812 the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle 778:835 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 5 19 theme cartilage 1053:1061 arg1 loading 1063:1069 Experimental cartilage loading 1040:1069 Experimental cartilage loading 1040:1069 Experimental cartilage loading was applied in the simulations and chondrocyte volumes were compared to the experimental values. 30501912 9 20 theme PCM 1509:1511 arg1 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 20 theme PCM 1509:1511 arg1 density 1526:1532 PCM fixed charge density 1509:1532 PCM fixed charge density (FCD) 1509:1538 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 2 21 theme PG 525:526 arg1 content 529:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 3 22 theme lateral 782:788 arg1 compartments 801:812 the lateral and medial compartments 778:812 the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle 778:835 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 10 23 theme volume 1752:1757 arg1 change 1759:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 10 23 theme volume 1752:1757 arg1 outcome 1738:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 9 24 theme charge 1519:1524 arg1 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 24 theme charge 1519:1524 arg1 density 1526:1532 PCM fixed charge density 1509:1532 PCM fixed charge density (FCD) 1509:1538 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 3 25 theme healthy 876:882 arg1 controls 884:891 healthy controls 876:891 healthy controls 876:891 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 2 26 theme proteoglycan 511:522 arg1 content 529:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 27 theme spectroscopic 708:720 arg1 methods 722:728 microscopic and spectroscopic methods 692:728 microscopic and spectroscopic methods 692:728 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 3 28 theme femoral 821:827 arg1 condyle 829:835 the femoral condyle 817:835 the femoral condyle 817:835 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 1 29 theme site-specific 352:364 arg1 alterations 366:376 site-specific alterations 352:376 site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 352:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 2 30 theme collagen 538:545 arg1 content 547:553 collagen content 538:553 collagen content 538:553 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 31 theme pericellular 647:658 arg1 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 31 theme pericellular 647:658 arg1 matrix 660:665 the pericellular matrix 643:665 the pericellular matrix (PCM) 643:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 0 32 theme knee 112:115 arg1 joint 117:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 33 theme deformations 393:404 arg1 alterations 366:376 site-specific alterations 352:376 site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 352:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 9 34 theme cell 1550:1553 arg1 loss 1562:1565 cell volume loss 1550:1565 cell volume loss 1550:1565 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 35 theme density 1526:1532 arg1 Loss 1501:1504 Loss 1501:1504 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) 1501:1538 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 4 36 theme joint 964:968 arg1 site 970:973 each knee joint site 954:973 each knee joint site 954:973 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 7 37 theme Collagen 1308:1315 arg1 content 1317:1323 Collagen content 1308:1323 Collagen content 1308:1323 Collagen content and orientation were not significantly altered due to the PM. 30501912 0 38 theme cartilage 21:29 arg1 composition 31:41 cartilage composition 21:41 cartilage composition 21:41 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 3 39 theme meniscectomy 914:925 arg1 group 927:931 the partial meniscectomy group 902:931 the partial meniscectomy group 902:931 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 4 40 theme FE 989:990 arg1 models 992:997 axisymmetric FE models 976:997 axisymmetric FE models with measured properties 976:1022 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 5 41 theme experimental 1147:1158 arg1 values 1160:1165 the experimental values 1143:1165 the experimental values 1143:1165 Experimental cartilage loading was applied in the simulations and chondrocyte volumes were compared to the experimental values. 30501912 9 42 theme femoral 1694:1700 arg1 groove 1702:1707 femoral groove 1694:1707 femoral groove 1694:1707 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 42 theme femoral 1694:1700 arg1 patella 1685:1691 the patella 1681:1691 the patella 1681:1691 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 8 43 theme FE 1391:1392 arg1 simulations 1394:1404 The FE simulations 1387:1404 The FE simulations 1387:1404 The FE simulations predicted similar chondrocyte volume changes and group differences as obtained experimentally. 30501912 0 44 theme mechanics 59:67 arg1 Interrelationship 0:16 Interrelationship 0:16 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 0:160 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 9 45 theme FCD 1638:1640 arg1 loss 1626:1629 loss 1626:1629 loss of ECM FCD 1626:1640 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 1 46 theme finite 246:251 arg1 model 266:270 a finite element (FE) model 244:270 a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 244:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 2 47 from content 547:553 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 47 from content 547:553 arg1 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 47 from content 547:553 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 47 from content 547:553 arg1 matrix 660:665 the pericellular matrix 643:665 the pericellular matrix (PCM) 643:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 10 48 theme tissue 1797:1802 arg1 geometry 1804:1811 applied tissue geometry 1789:1811 applied tissue geometry 1789:1811 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 8 49 theme chondrocyte 1424:1434 arg1 changes 1443:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 The FE simulations predicted similar chondrocyte volume changes and group differences as obtained experimentally. 30501912 0 50 dep Interrelationship 0:16 arg1 analysis 152:159 Experimental and numerical analysis 125:159 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 0:160 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 51 dep 3 days 453:458 arg1 PM 490:491 PM 490:491 PM 490:491 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 1 51 dep 3 days 453:458 arg1 meniscectomy 476:487 a partial meniscectomy 466:487 a partial meniscectomy (PM) 466:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 10 52 theme fibril 1823:1828 arg1 orientation 1830:1840 collagen fibril orientation 1814:1840 collagen fibril orientation 1814:1840 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 1 53 from changes 316:322 arg1 tissue 331:336 the tissue 327:336 the tissue 327:336 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 6 54 theme PG 1180:1181 arg1 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss 1168:1186 loss 1183:1186 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 9 55 theme lateral 1713:1719 arg1 femur 1721:1725 lateral femur 1713:1725 lateral femur 1713:1725 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 55 theme lateral 1713:1719 arg1 patella 1685:1691 the patella 1681:1691 the patella 1681:1691 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 1 56 theme depth-dependent 180:194 arg1 properties 196:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties 162:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage 162:218 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 2 57 theme PG 629:630 arg1 content 632:638 PG content 629:638 PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) 629:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 9 58 theme cell 1652:1655 arg1 loss 1664:1667 cell volume loss 1652:1667 cell volume loss 1652:1667 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 0 59 theme Experimental 125:136 arg1 analysis 152:159 Experimental and numerical analysis 125:159 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 0:160 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 9 60 theme medial 1587:1592 arg1 femur 1594:1598 the medial femur 1583:1598 the medial femur 1583:1598 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 2 61 theme collagen 559:566 arg1 orientation 568:578 collagen orientation 559:578 collagen orientation 559:578 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 3 62 theme femoral 741:747 arg1 groove 749:754 femoral groove 741:754 femoral groove 741:754 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 0 63 theme numerical 142:150 arg1 analysis 152:159 Experimental and numerical analysis 125:159 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 0:160 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 64 theme cartilage 413:421 arg1 loading 423:429 cartilage loading 413:429 cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 413:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 10 65 theme cell 1747:1750 arg1 change 1759:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 cell volume change 1747:1764 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 10 65 theme cell 1747:1750 arg1 outcome 1738:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome 1728:1744 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 8 66 theme group 1455:1459 arg1 differences 1461:1471 group differences 1455:1471 group differences 1455:1471 The FE simulations predicted similar chondrocyte volume changes and group differences as obtained experimentally. 30501912 1 67 from loading 423:429 arg1 joints 446:451 rabbit knee joints 434:451 rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 434:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 2 68 theme cartilage 587:595 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 68 theme cartilage 587:595 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 69 from content 529:535 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 69 from content 529:535 arg1 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 69 from content 529:535 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 69 from content 529:535 arg1 matrix 660:665 the pericellular matrix 643:665 the pericellular matrix (PCM) 643:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 6 70 theme cartilage 1220:1228 arg1 layer 1230:1234 the superficial cartilage layer 1204:1234 the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations 1204:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 6 71 from layer 1230:1234 arg1 group 1246:1250 the PM group 1239:1250 the PM group at all locations 1239:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 6 71 from layer 1230:1234 arg1 locations 1259:1267 all locations 1255:1267 all locations 1255:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 6 72 theme lateral 1284:1290 arg1 plateau 1299:1305 the lateral tibial plateau 1280:1305 the lateral tibial plateau 1280:1305 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 5 73 theme Experimental 1040:1051 arg1 loading 1063:1069 Experimental cartilage loading 1040:1069 Experimental cartilage loading 1040:1069 Experimental cartilage loading was applied in the simulations and chondrocyte volumes were compared to the experimental values. 30501912 0 74 theme partial 77:83 arg1 meniscectomy 85:96 a partial meniscectomy 75:96 a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint 75:121 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 9 75 theme fixed 1513:1517 arg1 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 FCD 1535:1537 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 9 75 theme fixed 1513:1517 arg1 density 1526:1532 PCM fixed charge density 1509:1532 PCM fixed charge density (FCD) 1509:1538 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 3 76 theme tibial 841:846 arg1 plateau 848:854 tibial plateau 841:854 tibial plateau 841:854 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 4 77 theme knee 959:962 arg1 site 970:973 each knee joint site 954:973 each knee joint site 954:973 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 1 78 theme Site-specific 162:174 arg1 properties 196:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties 162:205 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage 162:218 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 2 79 theme Depth-dependent 495:509 arg1 content 529:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content 495:535 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 3 80 theme condyle 829:835 arg1 plateau 848:854 tibial plateau 841:854 tibial plateau 841:854 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 3 80 theme condyle 829:835 arg1 compartments 801:812 the lateral and medial compartments 778:812 the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle 778:835 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 0 81 theme rabbit 105:110 arg1 joint 117:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 82 theme chondrocyte 381:391 arg1 deformations 393:404 chondrocyte deformations 381:404 chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 381:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 3 83 theme partial 906:912 arg1 group 927:931 the partial meniscectomy group 902:931 the partial meniscectomy group 902:931 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 1 84 theme element 253:259 arg1 model 266:270 a finite element (FE) model 244:270 a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 244:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 1 85 theme due 406:408 arg1 deformations 393:404 chondrocyte deformations 381:404 chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 381:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 9 86 theme volume 1555:1560 arg1 loss 1562:1565 cell volume loss 1550:1565 cell volume loss 1550:1565 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 4 87 theme measured 1004:1011 arg1 properties 1013:1022 measured properties 1004:1022 measured properties 1004:1022 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 0 88 from meniscectomy 85:96 arg1 joint 117:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 the rabbit knee joint 101:121 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 0 89 theme composition 31:41 arg1 Interrelationship 0:16 Interrelationship 0:16 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 0:160 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 90 theme compositional 288:300 arg1 changes 316:322 compositional or structural changes 288:322 compositional or structural changes in the tissue 288:336 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 10 91 theme applied 1789:1795 arg1 geometry 1804:1811 applied tissue geometry 1789:1811 applied tissue geometry 1789:1811 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 0 92 theme chondrocyte 47:57 arg1 mechanics 59:67 chondrocyte mechanics 47:67 chondrocyte mechanics 47:67 Interrelationship of cartilage composition and chondrocyte mechanics after a partial meniscectomy in the rabbit knee joint - Experimental and numerical analysis. 30501912 1 93 theme structural 305:314 arg1 changes 316:322 compositional or structural changes 288:322 compositional or structural changes in the tissue 288:336 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30501912 4 94 theme axisymmetric 976:987 arg1 models 992:997 axisymmetric FE models 976:997 axisymmetric FE models with measured properties 976:1022 For both groups and each knee joint site, axisymmetric FE models with measured properties were generated. 30501912 5 95 theme chondrocyte 1106:1116 arg1 volumes 1118:1124 chondrocyte volumes 1106:1124 chondrocyte volumes 1106:1124 Experimental cartilage loading was applied in the simulations and chondrocyte volumes were compared to the experimental values. 30501912 2 96 from content 632:638 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 96 from content 632:638 arg1 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 96 from content 632:638 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 96 from content 632:638 arg1 matrix 660:665 the pericellular matrix 643:665 the pericellular matrix (PCM) 643:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 10 97 theme collagen 1814:1821 arg1 orientation 1830:1840 collagen fibril orientation 1814:1840 collagen fibril orientation 1814:1840 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 3 98 from compartments 801:812 arg1 groove 749:754 femoral groove 741:754 femoral groove 741:754 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 3 98 from compartments 801:812 arg1 samples 760:766 samples 760:766 samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau 760:854 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 3 98 from compartments 801:812 arg1 Patellar 731:738 Patellar 731:738 Patellar 731:738 Patellar, femoral groove and samples from both the lateral and medial compartments of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau were extracted from healthy controls and from the partial meniscectomy group. 30501912 6 99 from locations 1259:1267 arg1 layer 1230:1234 the superficial cartilage layer 1204:1234 the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations 1204:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 6 99 from locations 1259:1267 arg1 group 1246:1250 the PM group 1239:1250 the PM group at all locations 1239:1267 ECM and PCM PG loss occurred within the superficial cartilage layer in the PM group at all locations, except in the lateral tibial plateau. 30501912 9 100 theme medial 1604:1609 arg1 tibia 1611:1615 medial tibia 1604:1615 medial tibia 1604:1615 Loss of PCM fixed charge density (FCD) decreased cell volume loss, as observed in the medial femur and medial tibia, whereas loss of ECM FCD increased cell volume loss, as seen in the patella, femoral groove and lateral femur. 30501912 2 101 from orientation 568:578 arg1 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 ECM 619:621 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 101 from orientation 568:578 arg1 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 PCM 668:670 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 101 from orientation 568:578 arg1 matrix 611:616 cartilage extracellular matrix 587:616 the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) 583:622 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 2 101 from orientation 568:578 arg1 matrix 660:665 the pericellular matrix 643:665 the pericellular matrix (PCM) 643:671 Depth-dependent proteoglycan (PG) content, collagen content and collagen orientation in the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), and PG content in the pericellular matrix (PCM) were assessed with microscopic and spectroscopic methods. 30501912 10 102 theme loading 1846:1852 arg1 conditions 1854:1863 loading conditions 1846:1863 loading conditions 1846:1863 The model outcome, cell volume change, was also sensitive to applied tissue geometry, collagen fibril orientation and loading conditions. 30501912 8 103 theme similar 1416:1422 arg1 changes 1443:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 similar chondrocyte volume changes 1416:1449 The FE simulations predicted similar chondrocyte volume changes and group differences as obtained experimentally. 30501912 1 104 theme FE 262:263 arg1 model 266:270 a finite element (FE) model 244:270 a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM) 244:492 Site-specific and depth-dependent properties of cartilage were implemented within a finite element (FE) model to determine if compositional or structural changes in the tissue could explain site-specific alterations of chondrocyte deformations due to cartilage loading in rabbit knee joints 3 days after a partial meniscectomy (PM). 30771473 5 0 theme surface 700:706 arg1 energy 708:713 surface energy 700:713 surface energy 700:713 Surface aspect, composition, surface energy and water permeation were determined by SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR, XPS, DVS and tensiometry and were compared to those of nails clippings. 30771473 7 1 theme water 1132:1136 arg1 sorption 1138:1145 water sorption 1132:1145 water sorption 1132:1145 It is shown that except roughness, keratin films exhibit similar composition, water sorption and surface energy as human nails. 30771473 0 2 theme better 74:79 arg1 understanding 81:93 a better understanding 72:93 a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers 72:130 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 2 3 theme great 319:323 arg1 interest 325:332 great interest 319:332 great interest 319:332 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 8 4 theme probable 1270:1277 arg1 proportions 1286:1296 probable higher proportions 1270:1296 probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1270:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 0 5 theme surface 98:104 arg1 adhesion 106:113 surface adhesion 98:113 surface adhesion of nail lacquers 98:130 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 8 6 theme functions 1307:1315 arg1 proportions 1286:1296 probable higher proportions 1270:1296 probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1270:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 3 7 theme natural 495:501 arg1 hair 503:506 natural hair 495:506 natural hair 495:506 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 8 from hair 503:506 arg1 scale 484:488 the lab scale 476:488 the lab scale from natural hair 476:506 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 6 9 theme rotational 891:900 arg1 rheometer 902:910 a rotational rheometer 889:910 a rotational rheometer 889:910 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 5 10 theme Surface 671:677 arg1 aspect 679:684 Surface aspect 671:684 Surface aspect 671:684 Surface aspect, composition, surface energy and water permeation were determined by SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR, XPS, DVS and tensiometry and were compared to those of nails clippings. 30771473 9 11 theme water 1479:1483 arg1 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 11 theme water 1479:1483 arg1 behavior 1494:1501 water sorption behavior 1479:1501 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior 1429:1501 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 12 theme roughness 1556:1564 arg1 importance 1542:1551 the importance 1538:1551 the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion 1538:1699 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 8 13 theme permeable 1226:1234 arg1 behavior 1236:1243 a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior 1203:1243 a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1203:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 3 14 theme Keratin 449:455 arg1 films 457:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 14 theme Keratin 449:455 arg1 sheets 552:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 14 theme Keratin 449:455 arg1 models 581:586 models 581:586 models of human nails 581:601 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 9 15 theme lacquer 1380:1386 arg1 residence 1388:1396 nail lacquer residence 1375:1396 nail lacquer residence 1375:1396 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 16 theme electrostatic 1651:1663 arg1 bonds 1665:1669 form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds 1633:1669 bonds 1665:1669 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 17 theme mechanical 1447:1456 arg1 adhesions 1458:1466 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions 1429:1466 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior 1429:1501 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 17 theme mechanical 1447:1456 arg1 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 0 18 theme adhesion 106:113 arg1 understanding 81:93 a better understanding 72:93 a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers 72:130 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 8 19 theme natural 1250:1256 arg1 nail 1258:1261 natural nail 1250:1261 natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1250:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 2 20 theme reliable 362:369 arg1 tests 371:375 reproducible and reliable tests 345:375 reproducible and reliable tests 345:375 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 2 21 theme nail 414:417 arg1 adhesion 427:434 drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion 396:434 adhesion 427:434 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 7 22 theme similar 1111:1117 arg1 composition 1119:1129 similar composition 1111:1129 similar composition 1111:1129 It is shown that except roughness, keratin films exhibit similar composition, water sorption and surface energy as human nails. 30771473 9 23 theme low 1569:1571 arg1 energy 1581:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 23 theme low 1569:1571 arg1 roughness 1556:1564 roughness 1556:1564 roughness 1556:1564 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 23 theme low 1569:1571 arg1 hydrophobicity 1600:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 23 theme low 1569:1571 arg1 ability 1622:1628 an ability 1619:1628 an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion 1619:1699 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 6 24 from adhesion 938:945 arg1 substrate 988:996 each substrate 983:996 each substrate 983:996 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 6 25 theme lacquers 971:978 arg1 adhesion 938:945 the adhesion 934:945 the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate 934:996 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 0 26 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 investigations 16:29 Physicochemical investigations 0:29 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 0:131 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 9 27 theme moderate 1591:1598 arg1 energy 1581:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 27 theme moderate 1591:1598 arg1 hydrophobicity 1600:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 1 28 from individual 257:266 arg1 variability 236:246 some variability 231:246 some variability from one individual 231:266 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 8 29 theme due 1263:1265 arg1 nail 1258:1261 natural nail 1250:1261 natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1250:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 2 30 theme reproducible 345:356 arg1 tests 371:375 reproducible and reliable tests 345:375 reproducible and reliable tests 345:375 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 0 31 theme native 34:39 arg1 nails 41:45 native nails 34:45 native nails 34:45 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 6 32 theme test 878:881 arg1 development 850:860 The development 846:860 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer 846:910 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 0 33 theme lacquers 123:130 arg1 adhesion 106:113 surface adhesion 98:113 surface adhesion of nail lacquers 98:130 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 8 34 theme amide 1301:1305 arg1 functions 1307:1315 amide functions 1301:1315 amide functions 1301:1315 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 8 35 theme higher 1279:1284 arg1 proportions 1286:1296 probable higher proportions 1270:1296 probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1270:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 6 36 theme different 956:964 arg1 lacquers 971:978 three different nail lacquers 950:978 three different nail lacquers 950:978 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 2 37 theme drug 396:399 arg1 diffusion 401:409 drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion 396:434 diffusion 401:409 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 6 38 theme tack 873:876 arg1 test 878:881 a probe tack test 865:881 a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer 865:910 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 0 39 theme nail 118:121 arg1 lacquers 123:130 nail lacquers 118:130 nail lacquers 118:130 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 3 40 theme nails 597:601 arg1 films 457:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 40 theme nails 597:601 arg1 sheets 552:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 40 theme nails 597:601 arg1 models 581:586 models 581:586 models of human nails 581:601 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 6 41 theme surface 1039:1045 arg1 state 1047:1051 the surface state 1035:1051 the surface state 1035:1051 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 8 42 theme hydrophilic 1210:1220 arg1 behavior 1236:1243 a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior 1203:1243 a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1203:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 6 43 theme probe 867:871 arg1 test 878:881 a probe tack test 865:881 a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer 865:910 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 9 44 theme surface 1573:1579 arg1 energy 1581:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 a low surface energy 1567:1586 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 44 theme surface 1573:1579 arg1 roughness 1556:1564 roughness 1556:1564 roughness 1556:1564 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 44 theme surface 1573:1579 arg1 hydrophobicity 1600:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 a moderate hydrophobicity 1589:1613 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 44 theme surface 1573:1579 arg1 ability 1622:1628 an ability 1619:1628 an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion 1619:1699 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 8 45 theme bridges 1342:1348 arg1 absence 1321:1327 absence 1321:1327 absence of disulfide bridges 1321:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 8 45 theme bridges 1342:1348 arg1 functions 1307:1315 amide functions 1301:1315 amide functions 1301:1315 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 9 46 theme sorption 1485:1492 arg1 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 46 theme sorption 1485:1492 arg1 behavior 1494:1501 water sorption behavior 1479:1501 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior 1429:1501 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 6 47 theme nail 966:969 arg1 lacquers 971:978 three different nail lacquers 950:978 three different nail lacquers 950:978 The development of a probe tack test using a rotational rheometer allowed us to measure the adhesion of three different nail lacquers on each substrate and the results were correlated with the surface state. 30771473 9 48 theme adsorption 1417:1426 arg1 importance 1403:1412 the importance 1399:1412 the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior 1399:1501 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 0 49 theme nails 41:45 arg1 investigations 16:29 Physicochemical investigations 0:29 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 0:131 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 5 50 theme water 719:723 arg1 permeation 725:734 water permeation 719:734 water permeation 719:734 Surface aspect, composition, surface energy and water permeation were determined by SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR, XPS, DVS and tensiometry and were compared to those of nails clippings. 30771473 9 51 theme nail 1375:1378 arg1 residence 1388:1396 nail lacquer residence 1375:1396 nail lacquer residence 1375:1396 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 0 52 theme models 61:66 arg1 investigations 16:29 Physicochemical investigations 0:29 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 0:131 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 7 53 theme keratin 1089:1095 arg1 films 1097:1101 keratin films 1089:1101 keratin films 1089:1101 It is shown that except roughness, keratin films exhibit similar composition, water sorption and surface energy as human nails. 30771473 1 54 from amounts 213:219 arg1 nail 143:146 The human nail 133:146 The human nail 133:146 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 1 54 from amounts 213:219 arg1 available 194:202 available 194:202 available 194:202 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 3 55 theme human 591:595 arg1 nails 597:601 human nails 591:601 human nails 591:601 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 56 theme available 530:538 arg1 sheets 552:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 56 theme available 530:538 arg1 films 457:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 56 theme available 530:538 arg1 models 581:586 models 581:586 models of human nails 581:601 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 1 57 from available 194:202 arg1 amounts 213:219 large amounts 207:219 large amounts 207:219 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 7 58 theme human 1169:1173 arg1 nails 1175:1179 human nails 1169:1179 human nails 1169:1179 It is shown that except roughness, keratin films exhibit similar composition, water sorption and surface energy as human nails. 30771473 0 59 theme synthetic 51:59 arg1 models 61:66 synthetic models 51:66 synthetic models 51:66 Physicochemical investigations of native nails and synthetic models for a better understanding of surface adhesion of nail lacquers. 30771473 2 60 theme lacquer 419:425 arg1 adhesion 427:434 drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion 396:434 adhesion 427:434 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 3 61 theme Vitro-nail® 540:550 arg1 sheets 552:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets 513:557 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 61 theme Vitro-nail® 540:550 arg1 films 457:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films 449:461 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 3 61 theme Vitro-nail® 540:550 arg1 models 581:586 models 581:586 models of human nails 581:601 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 5 62 theme nails 829:833 arg1 clippings 835:843 nails clippings 829:843 nails clippings 829:843 Surface aspect, composition, surface energy and water permeation were determined by SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR, XPS, DVS and tensiometry and were compared to those of nails clippings. 30771473 7 63 theme surface 1151:1157 arg1 energy 1159:1164 surface energy 1151:1164 surface energy 1151:1164 It is shown that except roughness, keratin films exhibit similar composition, water sorption and surface energy as human nails. 30771473 8 64 theme absence 1321:1327 arg1 proportions 1286:1296 probable higher proportions 1270:1296 probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges 1270:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 9 65 theme electrostatic 1429:1441 arg1 adhesions 1458:1466 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions 1429:1466 electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior 1429:1501 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 9 65 theme electrostatic 1429:1441 arg1 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 adsorption 1417:1426 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 2 66 theme synthetic 296:304 arg1 models 306:311 synthetic models 296:311 synthetic models 296:311 Replacing it by synthetic models is of great interest to perform reproducible and reliable tests in order to assess drug diffusion or nail lacquer adhesion for example. 30771473 1 67 theme large 207:211 arg1 amounts 213:219 large amounts 207:219 large amounts 207:219 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 8 68 theme disulfide 1332:1340 arg1 bridges 1342:1348 disulfide bridges 1332:1348 disulfide bridges 1332:1348 Vitro-nail® presents a more hydrophilic and permeable behavior than natural nail due to probable higher proportions of amide functions and absence of disulfide bridges. 30771473 1 69 theme human 137:141 arg1 nail 143:146 The human nail 133:146 The human nail 133:146 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 1 69 theme human 137:141 arg1 available 194:202 available 194:202 available 194:202 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 1 70 theme biological 158:167 arg1 material 169:176 any biological material 154:176 any biological material 154:176 The human nail, like any biological material, is not readily available in large amounts and shows some variability from one individual to another. 30771473 9 71 theme form 1633:1636 arg1 hydrogen 1638:1645 form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds 1633:1669 hydrogen 1638:1645 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30771473 3 72 theme lab 480:482 arg1 scale 484:488 the lab scale 476:488 the lab scale from natural hair 476:506 Keratin films, produced at the lab scale from natural hair, and the commercially available Vitro-nail® sheets have been proposed as models of human nails. 30771473 9 73 dep ability 1622:1628 arg1 optimize 1683:1690 optimize 1683:1690 to optimize adhesion 1680:1699 With the aim to improve nail lacquer residence, the importance of adsorption, electrostatic and mechanical adhesions as well as water sorption behavior is highlighted and allowed to show the importance of roughness, a low surface energy, a moderate hydrophobicity and an ability to form hydrogen and electrostatic bonds in order to optimize adhesion. 30208011 0 0 theme thorium 88:94 arg1 ion 101:103 thorium (IV) ion 88:103 thorium (IV) ion 88:103 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 2 1 theme electron 431:438 arg1 microscopy 440:449 scanning electron microscopy 422:449 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 422:455 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 2 1 theme electron 431:438 arg1 SEM 452:454 SEM 452:454 SEM 452:454 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 7 2 theme significant 1270:1280 arg1 reduction 1282:1290 any significant reduction 1266:1290 any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity 1266:1317 The loaded Th4+ can be easily regenerated with HNO3 and the Ch/Fe-Onc can be used repeatedly without any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity. 30208011 8 3 theme M 1381:1381 arg1 HNO3 1383:1386 0.1 M HNO3 1377:1386 0.1 M HNO3 1377:1386 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 4 4 dep analysis 674:681 arg1 i.e. 669:672 i.e. 669:672 i.e. 669:672 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 6 5 from °C. 1045:1047 arg1 removal 1031:1037 99% removal 1027:1037 99% removal at 25 °C. 1027:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 6 theme 99 1027:1028 arg1 % 1029:1029 % 1029:1029 % 1029:1029 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 2 7 theme scanning 422:429 arg1 microscopy 440:449 scanning electron microscopy 422:449 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 422:455 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 2 7 theme scanning 422:429 arg1 SEM 452:454 SEM 452:454 SEM 452:454 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 1 8 from solution 284:291 arg1 Ch/Fe-Onc 178:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 8 from solution 284:291 arg1 ion 267:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion 221:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution 221:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 6 9 theme Ch/Fe-Onc 973:981 arg1 capacity 961:968 The adsorption capacity 946:968 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc 946:981 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 9 theme Ch/Fe-Onc 973:981 arg1 composite 1002:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite 987:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. 987:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 5 10 theme Langmuir 930:937 arg1 model 939:943 the Langmuir model 926:943 the Langmuir model 926:943 Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics was well defined by the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were better fitted by the Langmuir model. 30208011 3 11 theme Th4+ 605:608 arg1 concentration 610:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 11 theme Th4+ 605:608 arg1 concentration 590:602 the initial metal ion concentration 568:602 the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) 568:623 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 8 12 theme Th4+ 1344:1347 arg1 level 1335:1339 The desorption level 1320:1339 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc 1320:1366 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 8 12 theme Th4+ 1344:1347 arg1 % 1405:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 7 13 theme loaded 1169:1174 arg1 Th4+ 1176:1179 The loaded Th4+ 1165:1179 The loaded Th4+ 1165:1179 The loaded Th4+ can be easily regenerated with HNO3 and the Ch/Fe-Onc can be used repeatedly without any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity. 30208011 5 14 theme adsorption 799:808 arg1 kinetics 810:817 the adsorption kinetics 795:817 the adsorption kinetics 795:817 Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics was well defined by the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were better fitted by the Langmuir model. 30208011 8 15 theme 0.1 1377:1379 arg1 M 1381:1381 M 1381:1381 M 1381:1381 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 6 16 theme 430 987:989 arg1 mg 991:992 mg 991:992 mg 991:992 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 0 17 theme ion 101:103 arg1 adsorption 74:83 the adsorption 70:83 the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution 70:125 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 2 18 dep Fourier 384:390 arg1 transform 392:400 transform 392:400 transform infrared (FTIR) 392:416 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 6 19 theme adsorption 950:959 arg1 capacity 961:968 The adsorption capacity 946:968 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc 946:981 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 19 theme adsorption 950:959 arg1 composite 1002:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite 987:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. 987:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 3 20 theme surface 467:473 arg1 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 20 theme surface 467:473 arg1 methodology 475:485 Response surface methodology 458:485 Response surface methodology (RSM) 458:491 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 1 21 theme novel 143:147 arg1 Ch/Fe-Onc 178:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 21 theme novel 143:147 arg1 ion 267:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion 221:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution 221:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 7 22 theme adsorption 1299:1308 arg1 capacity 1310:1317 its adsorption capacity 1295:1317 its adsorption capacity 1295:1317 The loaded Th4+ can be easily regenerated with HNO3 and the Ch/Fe-Onc can be used repeatedly without any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity. 30208011 6 23 theme endothermic 1112:1122 arg1 nature 1124:1129 the natural and endothermic nature 1096:1129 the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions 1096:1146 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 5 24 theme pseudo-second-order 843:861 arg1 equation 863:870 the pseudo-second-order equation 839:870 the pseudo-second-order equation 839:870 Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics was well defined by the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were better fitted by the Langmuir model. 30208011 8 25 theme desorption 1324:1333 arg1 level 1335:1339 The desorption level 1320:1339 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc 1320:1366 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 8 25 theme desorption 1324:1333 arg1 % 1405:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 1 26 theme chitosan/Fe2O3nano 149:166 arg1 Ch/Fe-Onc 178:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 26 theme chitosan/Fe2O3nano 149:166 arg1 ion 267:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion 221:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution 221:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 3 27 theme contact 629:635 arg1 time 637:640 contact time 629:640 contact time 629:640 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 2 28 dep infrared 402:409 arg1 FTIR 412:415 FTIR 412:415 FTIR 412:415 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 4 29 theme statistical 647:657 arg1 measures 659:666 The statistical measures 643:666 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) 643:736 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 1 30 theme composite 168:176 arg1 Ch/Fe-Onc 178:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 30 theme composite 168:176 arg1 ion 267:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion 221:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution 221:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 8 31 from Ch/Fe-Onc 1358:1366 arg1 level 1335:1339 The desorption level 1320:1339 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc 1320:1366 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 8 31 from Ch/Fe-Onc 1358:1366 arg1 % 1405:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 more than 95% 1393:1405 The desorption level of Th4+ from the Ch/Fe-Onc by using 0.1 M HNO3, was more than 95%. 30208011 4 32 theme P 729:729 arg1 value 731:735 the P value 725:735 the P value 725:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 6 33 theme reactions 1138:1146 arg1 nature 1124:1129 the natural and endothermic nature 1096:1129 the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions 1096:1146 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 7 34 from reduction 1282:1290 arg1 capacity 1310:1317 its adsorption capacity 1295:1317 its adsorption capacity 1295:1317 The loaded Th4+ can be easily regenerated with HNO3 and the Ch/Fe-Onc can be used repeatedly without any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity. 30208011 0 35 theme aqueous 110:116 arg1 solution 118:125 aqueous solution 110:125 aqueous solution 110:125 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 4 36 theme value 731:735 arg1 analysis 674:681 analysis 674:681 analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value 674:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 37 theme variance 686:693 arg1 analysis 674:681 analysis 674:681 analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value 674:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 7 38 used used 1242:1245 arg2 Ch/Fe-Onc 1225:1233 the Ch/Fe-Onc 1221:1233 the Ch/Fe-Onc 1221:1233 The loaded Th4+ can be easily regenerated with HNO3 and the Ch/Fe-Onc can be used repeatedly without any significant reduction in its adsorption capacity. 30208011 0 39 theme nano 51:54 arg1 composite 56:64 chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite 36:64 chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite 36:64 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 5 40 theme adsorption 883:892 arg1 isotherms 894:902 the adsorption isotherms 879:902 the adsorption isotherms 879:902 Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics was well defined by the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were better fitted by the Langmuir model. 30208011 0 41 theme chitosan/Fe2O3 36:49 arg1 composite 56:64 chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite 36:64 chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite 36:64 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 3 42 theme Th4+ 525:528 arg1 adsorption 530:539 Th4+ adsorption 525:539 Th4+ adsorption 525:539 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 43 used used 497:500 arg2 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 43 used used 497:500 arg2 methodology 475:485 Response surface methodology 458:485 Response surface methodology (RSM) 458:491 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 4 44 theme test 716:719 arg1 value 731:735 the P value 725:735 the P value 725:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 44 theme test 716:719 arg1 R2 696:697 R2 696:697 R2 696:697 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 44 theme test 716:719 arg1 lack 704:707 the lack 700:707 the lack of fit test 700:719 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 44 theme test 716:719 arg1 variance 686:693 variance 686:693 variance 686:693 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 0 45 theme composite 56:64 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 0 45 theme composite 56:64 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 46 theme aqueous 276:282 arg1 solution 284:291 aqueous solution 276:291 aqueous solution 276:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 4 47 theme developed 755:763 arg1 proper 774:779 proper 774:779 proper 774:779 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 47 theme developed 755:763 arg1 model 765:769 the developed model 751:769 the developed model 751:769 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 3 48 theme ion 586:588 arg1 concentration 610:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 48 theme ion 586:588 arg1 concentration 590:602 the initial metal ion concentration 568:602 the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) 568:623 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 4 49 theme fit 712:714 arg1 test 716:719 fit test 712:719 fit test 712:719 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 6 50 theme Th4+g-1 994:1000 arg1 capacity 961:968 The adsorption capacity 946:968 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc 946:981 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 50 theme Th4+g-1 994:1000 arg1 composite 1002:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite 987:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. 987:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 51 theme thermodynamic 1059:1071 arg1 parameters 1073:1082 thermodynamic parameters 1059:1082 thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions 1059:1146 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 4 52 theme R2 696:697 arg1 analysis 674:681 analysis 674:681 analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value 674:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 4 53 theme lack 704:707 arg1 analysis 674:681 analysis 674:681 analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value 674:735 The statistical measures (i.e. analysis of variance, R2, the lack of fit test and the P value) specify that the developed model is proper. 30208011 6 54 theme mg 991:992 arg1 capacity 961:968 The adsorption capacity 946:968 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc 946:981 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 54 theme mg 991:992 arg1 composite 1002:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite 987:1010 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. 987:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 6 55 theme % 1029:1029 arg1 removal 1031:1037 99% removal 1027:1037 99% removal at 25 °C. 1027:1047 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 3 56 theme initial 572:578 arg1 concentration 610:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 56 theme initial 572:578 arg1 concentration 590:602 the initial metal ion concentration 568:602 the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) 568:623 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 2 57 theme X-ray 329:333 arg1 XRD 348:350 XRD 348:350 XRD 348:350 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 2 57 theme X-ray 329:333 arg1 diffraction 335:345 X-ray diffraction 329:345 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 329:351 The Ch/Fe-Onc was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30208011 0 58 from solution 118:125 arg1 adsorption 74:83 the adsorption 70:83 the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution 70:125 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/Fe2O3 nano composite for the adsorption of thorium (IV) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 3 59 theme metal 580:584 arg1 concentration 610:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Th4+ concentration 605:622 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 59 theme metal 580:584 arg1 concentration 590:602 the initial metal ion concentration 568:602 the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) 568:623 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 60 theme adsorption 530:539 arg1 optimization 509:520 the optimization 505:520 the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time 505:640 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 1 61 theme adsorbent 224:232 arg1 Ch/Fe-Onc 178:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc 143:186 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 1 61 theme adsorbent 224:232 arg1 ion 267:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion 221:269 an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution 221:291 In this study, novel chitosan/Fe2O3nano composite Ch/Fe-Onc was synthesized and evaluated as an adsorbent for removing thorium (IV) (Th4+) ion from aqueous solution. 30208011 6 62 theme natural 1100:1106 arg1 nature 1124:1129 the natural and endothermic nature 1096:1129 the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions 1096:1146 The adsorption capacity of Ch/Fe-Onc was 430 mg Th4+g-1 composite which leads to 99% removal at 25 °C. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters which state the natural and endothermic nature of the reactions were determined. 30208011 3 63 theme Response 458:465 arg1 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 RSM 488:490 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 30208011 3 63 theme Response 458:465 arg1 methodology 475:485 Response surface methodology 458:485 Response surface methodology (RSM) 458:491 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the optimization of Th4+ adsorption for parameters such as pH, the initial metal ion concentration (Th4+ concentration) and contact time. 29994218 1 0 theme $ 219:219 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 8 1 contain have 1340:1343 arg1 composites 1329:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 8 1 contain have 1340:1343 arg2 potential 1345:1353 potential 1345:1353 potential for bone tissue engineering applications 1345:1394 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 6 2 theme selected 1071:1078 arg1 composition 1090:1100 that selected nanofiber composition 1066:1100 that selected nanofiber composition 1066:1100 Amoxicillin (AMX) was loaded to that selected nanofiber composition for examination of the drug release. 29994218 2 3 theme tensile 475:481 arg1 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 3 theme tensile 475:481 arg1 conductivity 457:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 3 theme tensile 475:481 arg1 measurement 422:432 density measurement 414:432 density measurement 414:432 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 3 theme tensile 475:481 arg1 analyses 539:546 physical analyses 530:546 physical analyses of blended solutions 530:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 3 theme tensile 475:481 arg1 strength 483:490 tensile strength 475:490 tensile strength 475:490 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 3 4 theme electrospun 779:789 arg1 scaffolds 791:799 developed electrospun scaffolds 769:799 developed electrospun scaffolds 769:799 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 5 5 theme preferable 967:976 arg1 composition 988:998 preferable nanofiber composition 967:998 preferable nanofiber composition 967:998 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 1 6 theme \beta 220:224 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 3 7 dep Fourier 633:639 arg1 transform 641:649 transform 641:649 transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) 641:678 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 8 theme electrospinning 318:332 arg1 process 334:340 the electrospinning process 314:340 the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications 314:381 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 0 9 theme Tissue 117:122 arg1 Regeneration 124:135 Bone Tissue Regeneration 112:135 Bone Tissue Regeneration 112:135 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 3 10 theme scaffolds 791:799 arg1 details 758:764 the morphological details 740:764 the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds 740:799 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 7 11 theme AMX 1183:1185 arg1 products 1198:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 0 12 theme Bone 112:115 arg1 Regeneration 124:135 Bone Tissue Regeneration 112:135 Bone Tissue Regeneration 112:135 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 7 13 with comparison 1142:1151 arg1 studies 1164:1170 other studies 1158:1170 other studies on similar AMX controlled products 1158:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 7 14 theme controlled 1187:1196 arg1 products 1198:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 4 15 theme Cell 802:805 arg1 viability 807:815 Cell viability 802:815 Cell viability 802:815 Cell viability, attachment, and proliferation were performed using a L929 fibroblast cell line. 29994218 3 16 theme chemical 574:581 arg1 characterization 594:609 The chemical structural characterization 570:609 The chemical structural characterization 570:609 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 6 17 theme drug 1125:1128 arg1 release 1130:1136 the drug release 1121:1136 the drug release 1121:1136 Amoxicillin (AMX) was loaded to that selected nanofiber composition for examination of the drug release. 29994218 4 18 theme fibroblast 876:885 arg1 line 892:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 Cell viability, attachment, and proliferation were performed using a L929 fibroblast cell line. 29994218 5 19 theme cell 945:948 arg1 studies 958:964 cell culture studies 945:964 cell culture studies 945:964 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 1 20 theme $ 226:226 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 7 21 theme drug 1215:1218 arg1 loading 1220:1226 higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies 1208:1257 loading 1220:1226 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 5 22 theme nanofiber 978:986 arg1 composition 988:998 preferable nanofiber composition 967:998 preferable nanofiber composition 967:998 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 2 23 theme solutions 559:567 arg1 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 23 theme solutions 559:567 arg1 conductivity 457:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 23 theme solutions 559:567 arg1 measurement 422:432 density measurement 414:432 density measurement 414:432 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 23 theme solutions 559:567 arg1 strength 483:490 tensile strength 475:490 tensile strength 475:490 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 23 theme solutions 559:567 arg1 analyses 539:546 physical analyses 530:546 physical analyses of blended solutions 530:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 3 24 dep transform 641:649 arg1 infrared 651:658 infrared 651:658 transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) 641:678 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 25 theme -Tri 228:231 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 2 26 theme physical 530:537 arg1 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 26 theme physical 530:537 arg1 conductivity 457:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 26 theme physical 530:537 arg1 measurement 422:432 density measurement 414:432 density measurement 414:432 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 26 theme physical 530:537 arg1 strength 483:490 tensile strength 475:490 tensile strength 475:490 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 26 theme physical 530:537 arg1 analyses 539:546 physical analyses 530:546 physical analyses of blended solutions 530:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 1 27 contain containing 185:194 arg1 fibers 178:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers 138:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 138:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 1 27 contain containing 185:194 arg2 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 7 28 theme other 1158:1162 arg1 studies 1164:1170 other studies 1158:1170 other studies on similar AMX controlled products 1158:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 2 29 theme production 394:403 arg1 process 405:411 the production process 390:411 the production process 390:411 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 1 30 theme calcium 233:239 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 1 31 theme bone 346:349 arg1 applications 370:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 8 32 theme nanofiber 1319:1327 arg1 composites 1329:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 5 33 theme culture 950:956 arg1 studies 958:964 cell culture studies 945:964 cell culture studies 945:964 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 0 34 theme Electrospun 34:44 arg1 \beta 70:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 1 35 theme tissue 351:356 arg1 applications 370:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 2 36 dep measurement 422:432 arg1 tests 504:508 measurement tests 492:508 measurement tests 492:508 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 7 37 theme similar 1175:1181 arg1 products 1198:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 6 38 theme release 1130:1136 arg1 examination 1106:1116 examination 1106:1116 examination of the drug release 1106:1136 Amoxicillin (AMX) was loaded to that selected nanofiber composition for examination of the drug release. 29994218 0 39 theme Amoxicillin-Loaded 15:32 arg1 \beta 70:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 1 40 theme engineering 358:368 arg1 applications 370:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 bone tissue engineering applications 346:381 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 3 41 theme structural 583:592 arg1 characterization 594:609 The chemical structural characterization 570:609 The chemical structural characterization 570:609 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 42 theme diverse 256:262 arg1 concentrations 264:277 diverse concentrations 256:277 diverse concentrations 256:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 0 43 theme $ 69:69 arg1 \beta 70:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 2 44 theme density 414:420 arg1 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 44 theme density 414:420 arg1 conductivity 457:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 44 theme density 414:420 arg1 measurement 422:432 density measurement 414:432 density measurement 414:432 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 44 theme density 414:420 arg1 strength 483:490 tensile strength 475:490 tensile strength 475:490 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 44 theme density 414:420 arg1 analyses 539:546 physical analyses 530:546 physical analyses of blended solutions 530:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 5 45 theme FTIR 926:929 arg1 analysis 931:938 FTIR analysis 926:938 FTIR analysis 926:938 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 3 46 theme electron 694:701 arg1 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 3 46 theme electron 694:701 arg1 microscopy 703:712 scanning electron microscopy 685:712 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 685:718 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 2 47 theme measurement 492:502 arg1 tests 504:508 measurement tests 492:508 measurement tests 492:508 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 0 48 theme Polyurethane/Chitosan/ 46:67 arg1 \beta 70:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 15:74 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 2 49 theme blended 551:557 arg1 solutions 559:567 blended solutions 551:567 blended solutions 551:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 8 50 theme tissue 1364:1369 arg1 applications 1383:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 7 51 theme encapsulation 1232:1244 arg1 efficiencies 1246:1257 higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies 1208:1257 efficiencies 1246:1257 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 8 52 theme bone 1359:1362 arg1 applications 1383:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 7 53 theme higher 1208:1213 arg1 loading 1220:1226 higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies 1208:1257 loading 1220:1226 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 3 54 used used 724:727 arg2 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 3 54 used used 724:727 arg2 microscopy 703:712 scanning electron microscopy 685:712 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 685:718 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 55 theme Biocompatible 138:150 arg1 fibers 178:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers 138:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 138:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 0 56 theme \beta 70:74 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta 0:74 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 1 57 with phosphate 241:249 arg1 concentrations 264:277 diverse concentrations 256:277 diverse concentrations 256:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 3 58 theme scanning 685:692 arg1 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 SEM 715:717 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 3 58 theme scanning 685:692 arg1 microscopy 703:712 scanning electron microscopy 685:712 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 685:718 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 59 theme nanocomposite 152:164 arg1 fibers 178:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers 138:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 138:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 5 60 theme further 1017:1023 arg1 studies 1025:1031 further studies 1017:1031 further studies 1017:1031 Based on the physical, SEM, FTIR analysis, and cell culture studies, preferable nanofiber composition was selected for further studies. 29994218 3 61 theme developed 769:777 arg1 scaffolds 791:799 developed electrospun scaffolds 769:799 developed electrospun scaffolds 769:799 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 1 62 theme electrospun 166:176 arg1 fibers 178:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers 138:183 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 138:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 4 63 theme L929 871:874 arg1 line 892:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 Cell viability, attachment, and proliferation were performed using a L929 fibroblast cell line. 29994218 3 64 theme morphological 744:756 arg1 details 758:764 the morphological details 740:764 the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds 740:799 The chemical structural characterization was scrutinized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphological details of developed electrospun scaffolds. 29994218 4 65 theme cell 887:890 arg1 line 892:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 a L929 fibroblast cell line 869:895 Cell viability, attachment, and proliferation were performed using a L929 fibroblast cell line. 29994218 7 66 from studies 1164:1170 arg1 products 1198:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 similar AMX controlled products 1175:1205 In comparison with other studies on similar AMX controlled products, higher drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies were obtained. 29994218 0 67 theme Phosphate 89:97 arg1 Scaffold 99:106 -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold 77:106 -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration 77:135 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 2 68 theme electrical 446:455 arg1 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 viscosity 435:443 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 68 theme electrical 446:455 arg1 conductivity 457:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 electrical conductivity 446:468 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 68 theme electrical 446:455 arg1 measurement 422:432 density measurement 414:432 density measurement 414:432 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 68 theme electrical 446:455 arg1 strength 483:490 tensile strength 475:490 tensile strength 475:490 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 2 68 theme electrical 446:455 arg1 analyses 539:546 physical analyses 530:546 physical analyses of blended solutions 530:567 After the production process, density measurement, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and tensile strength measurement tests were carried out as physical analyses of blended solutions. 29994218 8 69 theme developed 1309:1317 arg1 composites 1329:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 the developed nanofiber composites 1305:1338 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 0 70 theme -Tricalcium 77:87 arg1 Scaffold 99:106 -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold 77:106 -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration 77:135 Development of Amoxicillin-Loaded Electrospun Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta$ -Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration. 29994218 1 71 theme Polyurethane/Chitosan/ 196:217 arg1 phosphate 241:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate 196:249 Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations 196:277 Biocompatible nanocomposite electrospun fibers containing Polyurethane/Chitosan/ $\beta $ -Tri calcium phosphate with diverse concentrations were designed and produced through the electrospinning process for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 8 72 theme engineering 1371:1381 arg1 applications 1383:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 bone tissue engineering applications 1359:1394 It has been clearly found that the developed nanofiber composites have potential for bone tissue engineering applications. 29994218 6 73 theme nanofiber 1080:1088 arg1 composition 1090:1100 that selected nanofiber composition 1066:1100 that selected nanofiber composition 1066:1100 Amoxicillin (AMX) was loaded to that selected nanofiber composition for examination of the drug release. 30755666 0 0 theme Proteins 82:89 arg1 Analysis 55:62 Comparative Analysis 43:62 Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 43:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 3 1 theme respective 701:710 arg1 sequence 718:725 the respective human sequence 697:725 the respective human sequence 697:725 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 2 theme amino-acid 505:514 arg1 sequences 516:524 the amino-acid sequences 501:524 the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 501:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 3 from present 541:547 arg1 matrix 572:577 the corneal stromal matrix 552:577 the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 552:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 0 4 theme Matrix 75:80 arg1 Proteins 82:89 Corneal Matrix Proteins 67:89 Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 67:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 4 5 theme proteins 847:854 arg1 values 817:822 hydropathy (GRAVY) values 798:822 hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) 798:954 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 5 theme proteins 847:854 arg1 GRAVY 810:814 GRAVY 810:814 GRAVY 810:814 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 6 theme hydropathy 798:807 arg1 values 817:822 hydropathy (GRAVY) values 798:822 hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) 798:954 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 6 theme hydropathy 798:807 arg1 GRAVY 810:814 GRAVY 810:814 GRAVY 810:814 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 7 theme collagen 862:869 arg1 I 876:876 I 876:876 I 876:876 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 7 theme collagen 862:869 arg1 α-1 871:873 collagen α-1 862:873 collagen α-1 (I) 862:877 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 3 8 theme stromal 564:570 arg1 matrix 572:577 the corneal stromal matrix 552:577 the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 552:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 8 9 theme Most 1181:1184 arg1 species 1186:1192 Most species 1181:1192 Most species 1181:1192 Most species have higher GRAVY values compared to human except horse. 30755666 4 10 theme isoelectric 759:769 arg1 point 771:775 isoelectric point 759:775 isoelectric point 759:775 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 2 11 theme proteins 354:361 arg1 structure 333:341 structure 333:341 structure 333:341 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 2 11 theme proteins 354:361 arg1 composition 317:327 composition 317:327 composition 317:327 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 9 12 contain has 1291:1293 arg2 suitability 1313:1323 a higher relative suitability 1295:1323 a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans 1295:1363 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 9 12 contain has 1291:1293 arg1 cornea 1284:1289 porcine cornea 1276:1289 porcine cornea 1276:1289 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 9 13 theme porcine 1276:1282 arg1 cornea 1284:1289 porcine cornea 1276:1289 porcine cornea 1276:1289 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 3 14 theme proteins 532:539 arg1 sequences 516:524 the amino-acid sequences 501:524 the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 501:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 15 from matrix 572:577 arg1 present 541:547 present 541:547 present 541:547 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 1 16 theme corneal 164:170 arg1 tissue 172:177 corneal tissue 164:177 corneal tissue 164:177 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 4 17 dep proteins 847:854 arg1 α-2 890:892 α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) 880:896 α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) 880:896 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 17 dep proteins 847:854 arg1 α-3 902:904 α-3 902:904 α-3 (VI) 902:909 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 3 18 theme human 712:716 arg1 sequence 718:725 the respective human sequence 697:725 the respective human sequence 697:725 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 4 19 dep α-3 902:904 arg1 VI 907:908 VI 907:908 VI 907:908 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 3 20 theme present 541:547 arg1 proteins 532:539 16 proteins 529:539 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 529:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 8 21 theme GRAVY 1206:1210 arg1 values 1212:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 Most species have higher GRAVY values compared to human except horse. 30755666 1 22 theme tissue 172:177 arg1 sources 153:159 sources 153:159 sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts 153:217 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 1 22 theme tissue 172:177 arg1 species 123:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 4 23 dep α-1 871:873 arg1 i.e. 857:860 i.e. 857:860 i.e. 857:860 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 24 theme abundant 838:845 arg1 proteins 847:854 the 7 most abundant proteins 827:854 the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) 827:954 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 25 theme acid 742:745 arg1 structures 747:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 9 26 theme higher 1297:1302 arg1 suitability 1313:1323 a higher relative suitability 1295:1323 a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans 1295:1363 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 5 27 theme highest 1024:1030 arg1 score 1043:1047 the highest similarity score 1020:1047 the highest similarity score (91.8%) 1020:1055 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 5 27 theme highest 1024:1030 arg1 % 1054:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 6 28 theme lower 1079:1083 arg1 content 1093:1099 a lower proline content 1077:1099 a lower proline content 1077:1099 All species showed a lower proline content compared to human. 30755666 4 29 theme amino 736:740 arg1 structures 747:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 2 30 theme animal 388:393 arg1 species 395:401 other animal species 382:401 other animal species 382:401 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 0 31 theme Corneal 19:25 arg1 Xenograft 27:35 an Optimal Corneal Xenograft 8:35 an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 8:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 5 32 theme similarity 1032:1041 arg1 score 1043:1047 the highest similarity score 1020:1047 the highest similarity score (91.8%) 1020:1055 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 5 32 theme similarity 1032:1041 arg1 % 1054:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 4 33 theme α-1 880:882 arg1 α-2 890:892 α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) 880:896 α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) 880:896 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 34 theme values 817:822 arg1 structures 747:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 34 theme values 817:822 arg1 point 771:775 isoelectric point 759:775 isoelectric point 759:775 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 4 34 theme values 817:822 arg1 average 787:793 grand average 781:793 grand average 781:793 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 3 35 theme corneal 556:562 arg1 matrix 572:577 the corneal stromal matrix 552:577 the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 552:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 36 theme animal 595:600 arg1 species 602:608 14 different animal species 582:608 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 582:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 1 37 theme decellularized 193:206 arg1 xenografts 208:217 decellularized xenografts 193:217 decellularized xenografts 193:217 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 0 38 theme Optimal 11:17 arg1 Xenograft 27:35 an Optimal Corneal Xenograft 8:35 an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 8:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 4 39 theme grand 781:785 arg1 average 787:793 grand average 781:793 grand average 781:793 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 8 40 theme higher 1199:1204 arg1 values 1212:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 Most species have higher GRAVY values compared to human except horse. 30755666 1 41 theme Numerous 107:114 arg1 sources 153:159 sources 153:159 sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts 153:217 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 1 41 theme Numerous 107:114 arg1 species 123:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 3 42 attach present 541:547 arg2 proteins 532:539 16 proteins 529:539 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 529:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 42 attach present 541:547 arg1 matrix 572:577 the corneal stromal matrix 552:577 the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 552:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 2 43 theme immune 424:429 arg1 response 431:438 immune response 424:438 immune response 424:438 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 7 44 theme Isoelectric 1120:1130 arg1 point 1132:1136 Isoelectric point 1120:1136 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) 1120:1149 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) was the closest to the human. 30755666 7 44 theme Isoelectric 1120:1130 arg1 closest 1159:1165 the closest 1155:1165 the closest to the human 1155:1178 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) was the closest to the human. 30755666 2 45 theme appropriate 240:250 arg1 model 259:263 an appropriate animal model 237:263 an appropriate animal model 237:263 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 3 46 theme Search 638:643 arg1 Tool 645:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 47 theme species 602:608 arg1 matrix 572:577 the corneal stromal matrix 552:577 the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 552:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 2 48 theme xenotransplant 467:480 arg1 outcome 452:458 outcome 452:458 outcome of the xenotransplant 452:480 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 9 49 theme studied 1383:1389 arg1 species 1391:1397 other studied species 1377:1397 other studied species 1377:1397 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 4 50 dep α-2 890:892 arg1 VI 885:886 VI 885:886 VI 885:886 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 1 51 theme animal 116:121 arg1 sources 153:159 sources 153:159 sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts 153:217 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 1 51 theme animal 116:121 arg1 species 123:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species 107:129 Numerous animal species have been proposed as sources of corneal tissue for obtaining decellularized xenografts. 30755666 0 52 theme Comparative 43:53 arg1 Analysis 55:62 Comparative Analysis 43:62 Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 43:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 5 53 contain had 1016:1018 arg2 score 1043:1047 the highest similarity score 1020:1047 the highest similarity score (91.8%) 1020:1055 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 5 53 contain had 1016:1018 arg1 pig 1012:1014 The pig 1008:1014 The pig 1008:1014 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 5 53 contain had 1016:1018 arg2 % 1054:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 91.8% 1050:1054 The pig had the highest similarity score (91.8%). 30755666 3 54 theme similarity 668:677 arg1 score 679:683 a similarity score 666:683 a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence 666:725 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 55 theme different 585:593 arg1 species 602:608 14 different animal species 582:608 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 582:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 2 56 theme corneal 346:352 arg1 proteins 354:361 corneal proteins 346:361 corneal proteins 346:361 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 3 57 theme Basic 616:620 arg1 Tool 645:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 3 58 theme Local 622:626 arg1 Tool 645:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 6 59 theme proline 1085:1091 arg1 content 1093:1099 a lower proline content 1077:1099 a lower proline content 1077:1099 All species showed a lower proline content compared to human. 30755666 4 60 theme Primary 728:734 arg1 structures 747:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures 728:756 Primary amino acid structures, isoelectric point and grand average of hydropathy (GRAVY) values of the 7 most abundant proteins (i.e. collagen α-1 (I), α-1 (VI), α-2 (I) and α-3 (VI), as well as decorin, lumican, and keratocan) were also extracted and compared to those of human. 30755666 9 61 theme other 1377:1381 arg1 species 1391:1397 other studied species 1377:1397 other studied species 1377:1397 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 3 62 theme Alignment 628:636 arg1 Tool 645:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool 616:648 Here, we compared the amino-acid sequences of 16 proteins present in the corneal stromal matrix of 14 different animal species using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, and calculated a similarity score compared to the respective human sequence. 30755666 2 63 dep composition 317:327 arg1 the 313:315 the 313:315 the 313:315 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 2 64 from differences 298:308 arg1 structure 333:341 structure 333:341 structure 333:341 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 2 64 from differences 298:308 arg1 composition 317:327 composition 317:327 composition 317:327 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 9 65 theme relative 1304:1311 arg1 suitability 1313:1323 a higher relative suitability 1295:1323 a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans 1295:1363 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 30755666 0 66 theme Corneal 67:73 arg1 Proteins 82:89 Corneal Matrix Proteins 67:89 Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species 67:104 Finding an Optimal Corneal Xenograft Using Comparative Analysis of Corneal Matrix Proteins Across Species. 30755666 2 67 theme model 259:263 arg1 selection 224:232 The selection 220:232 The selection of an appropriate animal model 220:263 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 7 68 theme pig 1141:1143 arg1 point 1132:1136 Isoelectric point 1120:1136 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) 1120:1149 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) was the closest to the human. 30755666 7 68 theme pig 1141:1143 arg1 closest 1159:1165 the closest 1155:1165 the closest to the human 1155:1178 Isoelectric point of pig (7.1) was the closest to the human. 30755666 2 69 theme other 382:386 arg1 species 395:401 other animal species 382:401 other animal species 382:401 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 8 70 contain have 1194:1197 arg1 species 1186:1192 Most species 1181:1192 Most species 1181:1192 Most species have higher GRAVY values compared to human except horse. 30755666 8 70 contain have 1194:1197 arg2 values 1212:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 higher GRAVY values 1199:1217 Most species have higher GRAVY values compared to human except horse. 30755666 2 71 theme animal 252:257 arg1 model 259:263 an appropriate animal model 237:263 an appropriate animal model 237:263 The selection of an appropriate animal model must take into consideration the differences in the composition and structure of corneal proteins between humans and other animal species in order to minimize immune response and improve outcome of the xenotransplant. 30755666 9 72 theme corneal 1329:1335 arg1 transplantation 1337:1351 corneal transplantation 1329:1351 corneal transplantation into humans 1329:1363 Our results suggest that porcine cornea has a higher relative suitability for corneal transplantation into humans compared to other studied species. 31739031 0 0 theme lemon 99:103 arg1 peel 105:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 8 1 theme pectin 1033:1038 arg1 solution 1040:1047 SLP pectin solution 1029:1047 SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <) 1029:1083 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 6 2 from presence 821:828 arg1 samples 897:903 the isolated samples 884:903 the isolated samples 884:903 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 6 3 theme rich 866:869 arg1 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 6 4 theme FT-IR 779:783 arg1 results 795:801 the FT-IR and H-NMR results 775:801 results 795:801 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 0 5 theme sweet 93:97 arg1 peel 105:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 4 6 from rich 498:501 arg1 galactose 528:536 galactose 528:536 galactose 528:536 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 6 from rich 498:501 arg1 acid 519:522 galacturonic acid 506:522 galacturonic acid 506:522 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 1 7 from peel 172:175 arg1 extraction 134:143 The microwave-assisted extraction 111:143 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) 111:181 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 4 8 theme esterification 611:624 arg1 degree 601:606 degree 601:606 degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%) 601:636 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 0 9 from Optimization 0:11 arg1 peel 105:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 sweet lemon peel 93:108 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 2 10 theme optimal 276:282 arg1 condition 284:292 optimal condition 276:292 optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5) 276:360 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 4 11 from degree 601:606 arg1 low 594:596 low 594:596 low 594:596 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 6 12 theme structure 871:879 arg1 presence 821:828 the major presence 811:828 the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples 811:903 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 8 13 from concentrations 1059:1072 arg1 solution 1040:1047 SLP pectin solution 1029:1047 SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <) 1029:1083 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 4 14 theme molecular 559:567 arg1 615.836 kDa 577:587 615.836 kDa 577:587 615.836 kDa 577:587 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 14 theme molecular 559:567 arg1 weight 569:574 molecular weight 559:574 molecular weight (615.836 kDa) 559:588 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 8 15 theme flow 998:1001 arg1 behavior 1003:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior 982:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior 982:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 4 16 theme 87.2 mol 539:546 arg1 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 16 theme 87.2 mol 539:546 arg1 % 547:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 16 theme 87.2 mol 539:546 arg1 pectin 487:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 3 17 theme optimum 446:452 arg1 condition 454:462 optimum condition 446:462 optimum condition 446:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 5 18 theme % 730:730 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 18 theme % 730:730 arg1 region 738:743 42.2% hairy region 726:743 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I) 726:766 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 3 19 theme pectin 427:432 arg1 bioactivity 404:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity 363:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition 363:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 4 20 from low 594:596 arg1 degree 601:606 degree 601:606 degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%) 601:636 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 3 21 theme some 399:402 arg1 bioactivity 404:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity 363:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition 363:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 4 22 from galactose 528:536 arg1 % 547:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 22 from galactose 528:536 arg1 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 22 from galactose 528:536 arg1 pectin 487:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 3 23 theme physicochemical 367:381 arg1 bioactivity 404:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity 363:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition 363:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 2 24 theme 1.5 357:359 arg1 pH 351:352 pH 351:352 pH 351:352 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 24 theme 1.5 357:359 arg1 3 min 341:345 3 min 341:345 3 min 341:345 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 8 25 theme SLP 1029:1031 arg1 solution 1040:1047 SLP pectin solution 1029:1047 SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <) 1029:1083 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 7 26 theme antioxidant 958:968 arg1 properties 970:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 In addition, SLP pectin showed good emulsifying and antioxidant properties. 31739031 6 27 theme acid 861:864 arg1 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 9 28 theme good 1181:1184 arg1 properties 1186:1195 good properties 1181:1195 good properties 1181:1195 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 3 29 theme structural 384:393 arg1 bioactivity 404:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity 363:414 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition 363:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 4 30 from acid 519:522 arg1 % 547:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 30 from acid 519:522 arg1 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 30 from acid 519:522 arg1 pectin 487:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 31 theme galacturonic 506:517 arg1 acid 519:522 galacturonic acid 506:522 galacturonic acid 506:522 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 2 32 theme microwave 295:303 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 32 theme microwave 295:303 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 33 theme pH 351:352 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 33 theme pH 351:352 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 0 34 theme extraction 35:44 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 0:109 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 6 35 theme galacturonic 848:859 arg1 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 7 36 theme emulsifying 942:952 arg1 properties 970:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 In addition, SLP pectin showed good emulsifying and antioxidant properties. 31739031 3 37 theme SLP 423:425 arg1 pectin 427:432 the SLP pectin 419:432 the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition 419:462 The physicochemical, structural and some bioactivity of the SLP pectin isolated at optimum condition was evaluated. 31739031 0 38 theme microwave-assisted 16:33 arg1 extraction 35:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 6 39 theme methylated 837:846 arg1 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 9 40 theme inexpensive 1113:1123 arg1 source 1125:1130 an inexpensive source 1110:1130 an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties 1110:1195 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 1 41 theme microwave-assisted 115:132 arg1 extraction 134:143 The microwave-assisted extraction 111:143 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) 111:181 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 4 42 from weight 569:574 arg1 high 551:554 high 551:554 high 551:554 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 1 43 theme Box-Behnken 203:213 arg1 design 215:220 Box-Behnken design 203:220 Box-Behnken design 203:220 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 0 44 theme structural 50:59 arg1 characterization 61:76 structural characterization 50:76 structural characterization 50:76 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 6 45 theme low 833:835 arg1 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 6 46 attach presence 821:828 arg1 samples 897:903 the isolated samples 884:903 the isolated samples 884:903 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 6 46 attach presence 821:828 arg2 structure 871:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure 833:879 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 5 47 theme hairy 732:736 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 rhamnogalacturonan-I 746:765 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 47 theme hairy 732:736 arg1 region 738:743 42.2% hairy region 726:743 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I) 726:766 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 48 theme % 687:687 arg1 homogalacturonan 704:719 homogalacturonan 704:719 homogalacturonan 704:719 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 48 theme % 687:687 arg1 region 696:701 55.7% linear region 683:701 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) 683:720 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 7 49 theme good 937:940 arg1 properties 970:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 good emulsifying and antioxidant properties 937:979 In addition, SLP pectin showed good emulsifying and antioxidant properties. 31739031 2 50 theme pectin 235:240 arg1 yield 242:246 The highest pectin yield 223:246 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) 223:255 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 50 theme pectin 235:240 arg1 % 254:254 25.31% 249:254 25.31% 249:254 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 5 51 theme SLP 656:658 arg1 pectin 660:665 the SLP pectin 652:665 the SLP pectin 652:665 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 52 theme linear 689:694 arg1 homogalacturonan 704:719 homogalacturonan 704:719 homogalacturonan 704:719 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 5 52 theme linear 689:694 arg1 region 696:701 55.7% linear region 683:701 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) 683:720 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 4 53 theme SLP 483:485 arg1 % 547:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 53 theme SLP 483:485 arg1 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 53 theme SLP 483:485 arg1 pectin 487:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 7 54 theme SLP 919:921 arg1 pectin 923:928 SLP pectin 919:928 SLP pectin 919:928 In addition, SLP pectin showed good emulsifying and antioxidant properties. 31739031 4 55 from high 551:554 arg1 615.836 kDa 577:587 615.836 kDa 577:587 615.836 kDa 577:587 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 55 from high 551:554 arg1 weight 569:574 molecular weight 559:574 molecular weight (615.836 kDa) 559:588 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 2 56 theme highest 227:233 arg1 yield 242:246 The highest pectin yield 223:246 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) 223:255 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 56 theme highest 227:233 arg1 % 254:254 25.31% 249:254 25.31% 249:254 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 57 theme irradiation 321:331 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 57 theme irradiation 321:331 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 0 58 theme characterization 61:76 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 0:109 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 6 59 theme major 815:819 arg1 presence 821:828 the major presence 811:828 the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples 811:903 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 8 60 theme pseudoplastic 984:996 arg1 behavior 1003:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior 982:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior 982:1010 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 6 61 theme H-NMR 789:793 arg1 results 795:801 the FT-IR and H-NMR results 775:801 results 795:801 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31739031 9 62 theme high 1159:1162 arg1 yield 1171:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 2 63 dep condition 284:292 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 63 dep condition 284:292 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 9 64 with extraction 1143:1152 arg1 yield 1171:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 9 64 with extraction 1143:1152 arg1 properties 1186:1195 good properties 1181:1195 good properties 1181:1195 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 1 65 theme pectin 148:153 arg1 extraction 134:143 The microwave-assisted extraction 111:143 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) 111:181 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 5 66 theme 55.7 683:686 arg1 % 687:687 % 687:687 % 687:687 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 9 67 theme pectin 1136:1141 arg1 extraction 1143:1152 pectin extraction 1136:1152 pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties 1136:1195 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 8 68 theme higher 1052:1057 arg1 w/v 1078:1080 1% w/v < 1075:1082 1% w/v < 1075:1082 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 8 68 theme higher 1052:1057 arg1 concentrations 1059:1072 higher concentrations 1052:1072 higher concentrations (1% w/v <) 1052:1083 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 1 69 theme lemon 166:170 arg1 SLP 178:180 SLP 178:180 SLP 178:180 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 1 69 theme lemon 166:170 arg1 peel 172:175 sweet lemon peel 160:175 sweet lemon peel (SLP) 160:181 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 2 70 theme 700 W 314:318 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 70 theme 700 W 314:318 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 0 71 from peel 105:108 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 0:109 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 0 71 from peel 105:108 arg1 extraction 35:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 0 71 from peel 105:108 arg1 characterization 61:76 structural characterization 50:76 structural characterization 50:76 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 5 72 theme 42.2 726:729 arg1 % 730:730 % 730:730 % 730:730 Furthermore, the SLP pectin was composed of 55.7% linear region (homogalacturonan) and 42.2% hairy region (rhamnogalacturonan-I). 31739031 1 73 theme sweet 160:164 arg1 SLP 178:180 SLP 178:180 SLP 178:180 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 1 73 theme sweet 160:164 arg1 peel 172:175 sweet lemon peel 160:175 sweet lemon peel (SLP) 160:181 The microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from sweet lemon peel (SLP) was optimized using Box-Behnken design. 31739031 9 74 theme pectin 1164:1169 arg1 yield 1171:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 high pectin yield 1159:1175 These results represent an inexpensive source for pectin extraction with high pectin yield and good properties. 31739031 0 75 theme pectin 81:86 arg1 extraction 35:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 microwave-assisted extraction 16:44 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 0 75 theme pectin 81:86 arg1 characterization 61:76 structural characterization 50:76 structural characterization 50:76 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and structural characterization of pectin from sweet lemon peel. 31739031 4 76 dep rich 498:501 arg1 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 rich 498:501 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 76 dep rich 498:501 arg1 % 547:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 87.2 mol% 539:547 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 4 76 dep rich 498:501 arg1 pectin 487:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin 479:492 The SLP pectin was rich in galacturonic acid and galactose (87.2 mol%), high in molecular weight (615.836 kDa) and low in degree of esterification (1.2-35.1%). 31739031 8 77 theme % 1076:1076 arg1 w/v 1078:1080 1% w/v < 1075:1082 1% w/v < 1075:1082 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 8 77 theme % 1076:1076 arg1 concentrations 1059:1072 higher concentrations 1052:1072 higher concentrations (1% w/v <) 1052:1083 A pseudoplastic flow behavior was observed for SLP pectin solution at higher concentrations (1% w/v <). 31739031 2 78 theme 3 min 341:345 arg1 time 333:336 irradiation time 321:336 irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5 321:359 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 2 78 theme 3 min 341:345 arg1 power 305:309 microwave power 295:309 microwave power of 700 W 295:318 The highest pectin yield (25.31%) was observed under optimal condition (microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 3 min and pH of 1.5). 31739031 6 79 theme isolated 888:895 arg1 samples 897:903 the isolated samples 884:903 the isolated samples 884:903 Also, the FT-IR and H-NMR results confirm the major presence of low methylated galacturonic acid rich structure in the isolated samples. 31520068 7 0 theme lactic 1184:1189 arg1 acid 1191:1194 lactic acid 1184:1194 lactic acid 1184:1194 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 4 1 from simulations 697:707 arg1 ability 716:722 the ability to utilise 2'-FL 712:739 the ability to utilise 2'-FL 712:739 Variation was found between the simulations in the ability to utilise 2'-FL. 31520068 1 2 theme Human 132:136 arg1 HMOs 161:164 HMOs 161:164 HMOs 161:164 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 1 2 theme Human 132:136 arg1 oligosaccharides 143:158 Human milk oligosaccharides 132:158 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 132:165 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 1 3 theme fermentable 216:226 arg1 source 235:240 fermentable energy source 216:240 fermentable energy source 216:240 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 0 4 from effect 4:9 arg1 metabolites 71:81 metabolites 71:81 metabolites 71:81 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 0 4 from effect 4:9 arg1 microbiome 56:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 9 5 from source 1492:1497 arg1 model 1567:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 1 6 theme milk 138:141 arg1 HMOs 161:164 HMOs 161:164 HMOs 161:164 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 1 6 theme milk 138:141 arg1 oligosaccharides 143:158 Human milk oligosaccharides 132:158 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 132:165 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 8 7 theme acetic 1340:1345 arg1 acid 1347:1350 acetic acid 1340:1350 acetic acid 1340:1350 In 2'-FL fast-fermenting group, acetic acid specifically increased with 2'-FL, whereas lactose and GOS also increased lactic acid. 31520068 1 8 theme energy 228:233 arg1 source 235:240 fermentable energy source 216:240 fermentable energy source 216:240 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 0 9 theme pilot 86:90 arg1 study 92:96 a pilot study 84:96 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 0:130 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 7 10 with acids 1174:1178 arg1 2'-FL 1201:1205 2'-FL 1201:1205 2'-FL 1201:1205 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 2 11 theme colon 267:271 arg1 simulator 273:281 a semi-continuous colon simulator 249:281 a semi-continuous colon simulator 249:281 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 2 12 from effect 284:289 arg1 composition 332:342 composition 332:342 composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 332:393 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 5 13 theme numerical 874:882 arg1 decrease 884:891 numerical decrease 874:891 numerical decrease in Proteobacteria 874:909 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 2 14 theme semi-continuous 251:265 arg1 simulator 273:281 a semi-continuous colon simulator 249:281 a semi-continuous colon simulator 249:281 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 9 15 theme 2'-FL 1476:1480 arg1 specificity 1461:1471 specificity 1461:1471 specificity of 2'-FL 1461:1480 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 7 16 theme Short-chain 1156:1166 arg1 acids 1174:1178 Short-chain fatty acids 1156:1178 Short-chain fatty acids 1156:1178 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 5 17 theme predominant 746:756 arg1 phyla 758:762 The predominant phyla 742:762 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose 742:798 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 17 theme predominant 746:756 arg1 increase 817:824 significant increase 805:824 significant increase in Firmicutes 805:838 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 8 18 theme fast-fermenting 1317:1331 arg1 group 1333:1337 2'-FL fast-fermenting group 1311:1337 2'-FL fast-fermenting group 1311:1337 In 2'-FL fast-fermenting group, acetic acid specifically increased with 2'-FL, whereas lactose and GOS also increased lactic acid. 31520068 6 19 theme fast-fermenting 1002:1016 arg1 simulations 1018:1028 fast-fermenting simulations 1002:1028 fast-fermenting simulations 1002:1028 Verrucomicrobia increased in FF accounted for Akkermansia, whereas in fast-fermenting simulations Actinobacteria increased with trend for higher Bifidobacterium, and Proteobacteria decrease accounted for Enterobacteriaceae. 31520068 7 20 theme fatty 1168:1172 arg1 acids 1174:1178 Short-chain fatty acids 1156:1178 Short-chain fatty acids 1156:1178 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 3 21 theme 2'-FL 631:635 arg1 fermentation 637:648 2'-FL fermentation 631:648 2'-FL fermentation 631:648 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 8 22 theme 2'-FL 1311:1315 arg1 group 1333:1337 2'-FL fast-fermenting group 1311:1337 2'-FL fast-fermenting group 1311:1337 In 2'-FL fast-fermenting group, acetic acid specifically increased with 2'-FL, whereas lactose and GOS also increased lactic acid. 31520068 3 23 theme fermentation 637:648 arg1 rate 623:626 rate 623:626 rate of 2'-FL fermentation 623:648 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 6 24 dep increased 948:956 arg1 whereas 991:997 whereas 991:997 whereas 991:997 Verrucomicrobia increased in FF accounted for Akkermansia, whereas in fast-fermenting simulations Actinobacteria increased with trend for higher Bifidobacterium, and Proteobacteria decrease accounted for Enterobacteriaceae. 31520068 5 25 from increase 817:824 arg1 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 25 from increase 817:824 arg1 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 25 from increase 817:824 arg1 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 6 26 theme Proteobacteria 1098:1111 arg1 decrease 1113:1120 Proteobacteria decrease 1098:1120 Proteobacteria decrease 1098:1120 Verrucomicrobia increased in FF accounted for Akkermansia, whereas in fast-fermenting simulations Actinobacteria increased with trend for higher Bifidobacterium, and Proteobacteria decrease accounted for Enterobacteriaceae. 31520068 0 27 theme 2'-fucosyllactose 14:30 arg1 effect 4:9 The effect 0:9 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 0:130 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 8 28 dep increased 1365:1373 arg1 whereas 1387:1393 whereas 1387:1393 whereas 1387:1393 In 2'-FL fast-fermenting group, acetic acid specifically increased with 2'-FL, whereas lactose and GOS also increased lactic acid. 31520068 2 29 theme microbial 373:381 arg1 metabolites 383:393 the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 347:393 metabolites 383:393 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 2 30 theme metabolites 383:393 arg1 composition 332:342 composition 332:342 composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 332:393 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 5 31 theme significant 805:815 arg1 phyla 758:762 The predominant phyla 742:762 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose 742:798 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 31 theme significant 805:815 arg1 increase 817:824 significant increase 805:824 significant increase in Firmicutes 805:838 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 1 32 theme gut 173:175 arg1 microbiota 177:186 gut microbiota 173:186 gut microbiota 173:186 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) shape gut microbiota during infancy by acting as fermentable energy source. 31520068 0 33 theme simulated 35:43 arg1 microbiome 56:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 3 34 theme formula-fed 598:608 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 34 theme formula-fed 598:608 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 35 theme donor 559:563 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 35 theme donor 559:563 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 2 36 theme microbiota 358:367 arg1 composition 332:342 composition 332:342 composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 332:393 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 2 37 theme carbon 499:504 arg1 source 506:511 additional carbon source 488:511 additional carbon source 488:511 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 8 38 theme lactic 1426:1431 arg1 acid 1433:1436 lactic acid 1426:1436 lactic acid 1426:1436 In 2'-FL fast-fermenting group, acetic acid specifically increased with 2'-FL, whereas lactose and GOS also increased lactic acid. 31520068 3 39 theme feeding 565:571 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 39 theme feeding 565:571 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 2 40 theme infant 351:356 arg1 microbiota 358:367 the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 347:393 microbiota 358:367 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 0 41 theme gut 52:54 arg1 microbiome 56:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 2 42 theme additional 488:497 arg1 source 506:511 additional carbon source 488:511 additional carbon source 488:511 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 3 43 theme faecal 545:550 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 43 theme faecal 545:550 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 0 44 theme infant 45:50 arg1 microbiome 56:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 simulated infant gut microbiome 35:65 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 3 45 dep breast-fed 579:588 arg1 BF 591:592 BF 591:592 BF 591:592 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 46 theme sample 552:557 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 46 theme sample 552:557 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 6 47 theme higher 1070:1075 arg1 Bifidobacterium 1077:1091 higher Bifidobacterium 1070:1091 higher Bifidobacterium 1070:1091 Verrucomicrobia increased in FF accounted for Akkermansia, whereas in fast-fermenting simulations Actinobacteria increased with trend for higher Bifidobacterium, and Proteobacteria decrease accounted for Enterobacteriaceae. 31520068 9 48 theme gut 1563:1565 arg1 model 1567:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 0 49 from study 92:96 arg1 comparison 101:110 comparison 101:110 comparison to GOS and lactose 101:129 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 3 50 theme breast-fed 579:588 arg1 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 FF 611:612 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 50 theme breast-fed 579:588 arg1 type 573:576 faecal sample donor feeding type 545:576 faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF) 545:613 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 9 51 theme simulated 1553:1561 arg1 model 1567:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 the simulated gut model 1549:1571 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 2 52 theme HMO 297:299 arg1 effect 284:289 effect 284:289 effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites 284:393 Using a semi-continuous colon simulator, effect of an HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), on composition of the infant microbiota and microbial metabolites was evaluated in comparison to galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose and control without additional carbon source. 31520068 7 53 with acid 1191:1194 arg1 2'-FL 1201:1205 2'-FL 1201:1205 2'-FL 1201:1205 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 9 54 theme energy 1485:1490 arg1 source 1492:1497 energy source 1485:1497 energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model 1485:1571 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 5 55 from numerical 841:849 arg1 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 55 from numerical 841:849 arg1 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 55 from numerical 841:849 arg1 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 0 56 dep effect 4:9 arg1 study 92:96 a pilot study 84:96 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 0:130 The effect of 2'-fucosyllactose on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites; a pilot study in comparison to GOS and lactose. 31520068 3 57 dep type 573:576 arg1 slow 659:662 slow 659:662 slow 659:662 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 3 57 dep type 573:576 arg1 fast 651:654 fast 651:654 fast 651:654 Data was analysed according to faecal sample donor feeding type: breast-fed (BF) or formula-fed (FF), and to rate of 2'-FL fermentation: fast or slow. 31520068 9 58 theme certain 1508:1514 arg1 microbes 1516:1523 only certain microbes 1503:1523 only certain microbes over GOS and lactose 1503:1544 The results highlight specificity of 2'-FL as energy source for only certain microbes over GOS and lactose in the simulated gut model. 31520068 7 59 dep control 1280:1286 arg1 the 1276:1278 the 1276:1278 the 1276:1278 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 7 60 theme intermediate 1224:1235 arg1 levels 1237:1242 intermediate levels 1224:1242 intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose 1224:1305 Short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid with 2'-FL were produced in intermediate levels being between ones generated by the control and GOS or lactose. 31520068 5 61 from decrease 884:891 arg1 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 Actinobacteria 854:867 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 61 from decrease 884:891 arg1 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 Proteobacteria 896:909 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 31520068 5 61 from decrease 884:891 arg1 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 Firmicutes 829:838 The predominant phyla regulated by 2'-FL, GOS and lactose were significant increase in Firmicutes, numerical in Actinobacteria, and numerical decrease in Proteobacteria compared to control. 30735776 0 0 theme nanocrystals 81:92 arg1 addition 59:66 the addition 55:66 the addition of cellulose nanocrystals 55:92 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 2 1 theme CNCs 469:472 arg1 properties 455:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 1 theme CNCs 469:472 arg1 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 1 theme CNCs 469:472 arg1 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 4 2 theme 0.3 wt 792:797 arg1 % 798:798 0.3 wt% 792:798 0.3 wt% 792:798 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 0 3 theme cellulose 71:79 arg1 nanocrystals 81:92 cellulose nanocrystals 71:92 cellulose nanocrystals 71:92 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 5 4 theme poor 815:818 arg1 parameters 832:841 poor performance parameters 815:841 poor performance parameters 815:841 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 2 5 theme composite 488:496 arg1 films 498:502 the composite films 484:502 the composite films 484:502 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 4 6 theme CNCs 800:803 arg1 addition 768:775 the addition 764:775 the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs 764:803 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 7 theme elasticity 670:679 arg1 modulus 681:687 elasticity modulus 670:687 elasticity modulus 670:687 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 3 8 dep 17 nm 602:606 arg1 to 599:600 to 599:600 to 599:600 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 4 9 theme % 798:798 arg1 CNCs 800:803 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs 780:803 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs 780:803 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 10 theme tensile 652:658 arg1 strength 660:667 tensile strength 652:667 tensile strength 652:667 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 0 11 theme cotton 114:119 arg1 cloth 121:125 waste cotton cloth 108:125 waste cotton cloth 108:125 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 0 12 theme waste 108:112 arg1 cloth 121:125 waste cotton cloth 108:125 waste cotton cloth 108:125 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 1 13 theme high 341:344 arg1 performance 346:356 high performance 341:356 high performance 341:356 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 2 14 theme mechanical 444:453 arg1 properties 455:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 1 15 theme performance 346:356 arg1 construction 325:336 the construction 321:336 the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films 321:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 4 16 theme % 786:786 arg1 CNCs 800:803 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs 780:803 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs 780:803 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 1 17 theme waste 177:181 arg1 fibers 196:201 waste cotton cloth fibers 177:201 waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method 177:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 18 used used 257:260 arg2 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 18 used used 257:260 arg2 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 18 used used 257:260 arg2 nanocrystals 138:149 Cellulose nanocrystals 128:149 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 128:156 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 4 19 theme 0.1 wt 780:785 arg1 % 786:786 0.1 wt% 780:786 0.1 wt% 780:786 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 3 20 theme diameter 536:543 arg1 ratio 557:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio 524:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs 524:569 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 1 21 theme cotton 183:188 arg1 fibers 196:201 waste cotton cloth fibers 177:201 waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method 177:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 0 22 theme acid 26:29 arg1 properties 36:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 4 23 dep crystallinity 637:649 arg1 The 633:635 The 633:635 The 633:635 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 1 24 theme cloth 190:194 arg1 fibers 196:201 waste cotton cloth fibers 177:201 waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method 177:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 0 25 theme polylactic 15:24 arg1 properties 36:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 5 26 theme higher 860:865 arg1 content 871:877 higher CNC content 860:877 higher CNC content (0.7 wt%) 860:887 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 5 26 theme higher 860:865 arg1 % 886:886 0.7 wt% 880:886 0.7 wt% 880:886 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 3 27 theme length 528:533 arg1 ratio 557:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio 524:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs 524:569 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 0 28 theme properties 36:45 arg1 Improvement 0:10 Improvement 0:10 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals 0:92 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 1 29 attach isolated 163:170 arg1 fibers 196:201 waste cotton cloth fibers 177:201 waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method 177:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 29 attach isolated 163:170 arg2 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 29 attach isolated 163:170 arg2 nanocrystals 138:149 Cellulose nanocrystals 128:149 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 128:156 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 29 attach isolated 163:170 arg2 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 3 30 theme aspect 550:555 arg1 ratio 557:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio 524:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs 524:569 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 0 31 theme film 31:34 arg1 properties 36:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 polylactic acid film properties 15:45 Improvement of polylactic acid film properties through the addition of cellulose nanocrystals isolated from waste cotton cloth. 30735776 1 32 theme polylactic 288:297 arg1 acid 299:302 polylactic acid 288:302 a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films 286:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 32 theme polylactic 288:297 arg1 PLA 305:307 PLA 305:307 PLA 305:307 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 2 33 theme films 498:502 arg1 properties 455:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 33 theme films 498:502 arg1 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 33 theme films 498:502 arg1 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 1 34 theme PLA/CNC 376:382 arg1 construction 325:336 the construction 321:336 the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films 321:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 3 35 dep 424 nm 589:594 arg1 to 586:587 to 586:587 to 586:587 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 1 36 theme acid 299:302 arg1 matrix 310:315 a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix 286:315 a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films 286:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 37 theme composite 384:392 arg1 films 394:398 composite films 384:398 composite films 384:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 2 38 dep morphology 405:414 arg1 The 401:403 The 401:403 The 401:403 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 5 39 theme performance 820:830 arg1 parameters 832:841 poor performance parameters 815:841 poor performance parameters 815:841 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 2 40 theme thermal 432:438 arg1 properties 455:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 1 41 theme biodegradable 362:374 arg1 PLA/CNC 376:382 biodegradable PLA/CNC 362:382 biodegradable PLA/CNC 362:382 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 4 42 theme films 729:733 arg1 crystallinity 637:649 crystallinity 637:649 crystallinity 637:649 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 42 theme films 729:733 arg1 strength 660:667 tensile strength 652:667 tensile strength 652:667 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 42 theme films 729:733 arg1 modulus 681:687 elasticity modulus 670:687 elasticity modulus 670:687 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 42 theme films 729:733 arg1 work-to-break 694:706 work-to-break 694:706 work-to-break 694:706 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 4 43 theme composite 719:727 arg1 films 729:733 PLA/CNC composite films 711:733 PLA/CNC composite films 711:733 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 1 44 theme Cellulose 128:136 arg1 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 CNCs 152:155 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 44 theme Cellulose 128:136 arg1 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 fillers 265:271 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 1 44 theme Cellulose 128:136 arg1 nanocrystals 138:149 Cellulose nanocrystals 128:149 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 128:156 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 5 45 theme CNC 867:869 arg1 content 871:877 higher CNC content 860:877 higher CNC content (0.7 wt%) 860:887 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 5 45 theme CNC 867:869 arg1 % 886:886 0.7 wt% 880:886 0.7 wt% 880:886 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 1 46 theme mixed 211:215 arg1 method 233:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 5 47 theme polymer 940:946 arg1 matrix 948:953 the polymer matrix 936:953 the polymer matrix 936:953 However, poor performance parameters were acquired at higher CNC content (0.7 wt%), because the CNCs were not well distributed in the polymer matrix. 30735776 4 48 theme PLA/CNC 711:717 arg1 films 729:733 PLA/CNC composite films 711:733 PLA/CNC composite films 711:733 The crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and work-to-break of PLA/CNC composite films were effectively improved by the addition of 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% CNCs. 30735776 1 49 theme acid 217:220 arg1 method 233:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 2 50 theme PLA 475:477 arg1 properties 455:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 thermal and mechanical properties 432:464 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 50 theme PLA 475:477 arg1 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 structure 417:425 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 2 50 theme PLA 475:477 arg1 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 morphology 405:414 The morphology, structure, and thermal and mechanical properties of CNCs, PLA, and the composite films were characterized. 30735776 1 51 theme hydrolysis 222:231 arg1 method 233:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 a mixed acid hydrolysis method 209:238 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 30735776 3 52 theme CNCs 566:569 arg1 ratio 557:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio 524:561 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs 524:569 The length, diameter, and aspect ratio of CNCs ranged from 38 to 424 nm, 2 to 17 nm, and 10-32 respectively. 30735776 1 53 dep performance 346:356 arg1 films 394:398 composite films 384:398 composite films 384:398 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloth fibers using a mixed acid hydrolysis method and subsequently used as fillers to reinforce a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for the construction of high performance and biodegradable PLA/CNC composite films. 31314132 5 0 theme assembled 760:768 arg1 nanomaterial 770:781 the assembled nanomaterial 756:781 the assembled nanomaterial 756:781 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 0 1 from Based 13:17 arg1 Hybrid 52:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 8 2 theme center 1335:1340 arg1 components 1290:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 8 2 theme center 1335:1340 arg1 exposure 1309:1316 the exposure 1305:1316 the exposure of the catalytic center 1305:1340 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 9 3 theme affordable 1488:1497 arg1 avenue 1499:1504 a simple and affordable avenue 1475:1504 a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1475:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 5 4 theme nanomaterial 770:781 arg1 morphology 742:751 A network-like morphology 727:751 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial 727:781 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 4 5 theme DNA 700:702 arg1 complex 718:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 6 6 dep frequency 917:925 arg1 The 904:906 The 904:906 The 904:906 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 3 7 theme active 419:424 arg1 sites 426:430 biomimetic active sites 408:430 biomimetic active sites 408:430 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 9 8 theme enzyme-mimicking 1542:1557 arg1 nanomaterials 1569:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 4 9 theme horseradish 611:621 arg1 HRP 635:637 HRP 635:637 HRP 635:637 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 4 9 theme horseradish 611:621 arg1 peroxidase 623:632 a horseradish peroxidase 609:632 a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 609:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 6 10 theme turnover 908:915 arg1 frequency 917:925 turnover frequency 908:925 turnover frequency 908:925 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 7 11 theme low 1134:1136 arg1 pH 1138:1139 extremely low pH 1124:1139 extremely low pH 1124:1139 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 9 12 theme robust 1535:1540 arg1 nanomaterials 1569:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 4 13 theme /hemin 711:716 arg1 complex 718:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 3 14 theme Supramolecular 352:365 arg1 self-assembly 367:379 Supramolecular self-assembly 352:379 Supramolecular self-assembly 352:379 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 8 15 theme experimental 1182:1193 arg1 results 1209:1215 the experimental and simulated results 1178:1215 the experimental and simulated results 1178:1215 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 5 16 theme activity 849:856 arg1 enhancement 823:833 a remarkable enhancement 810:833 a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components 810:901 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 3 17 theme natural 553:559 arg1 enzymes 561:567 natural enzymes 553:567 natural enzymes 553:567 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 8 18 theme spatial 1243:1249 arg1 distribution 1251:1262 the spatial distribution 1239:1262 the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center 1239:1340 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 2 19 theme poor 277:280 arg1 stability 282:290 poor stability 277:290 poor stability 277:290 However, the exploitation of natural enzymes is often hampered by poor stability, and natural enzyme production and purification are costly. 31314132 5 20 theme chitosan 873:880 arg1 components 892:901 the chitosan and G-DNA components 869:901 the chitosan and G-DNA components 869:901 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 3 21 theme biomimetic 408:417 arg1 sites 426:430 biomimetic active sites 408:430 biomimetic active sites 408:430 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 8 22 theme substrates 1377:1386 arg1 coordination 1361:1372 the coordination 1357:1372 the coordination of substrates 1357:1386 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 1 23 theme high 194:197 arg1 efficiency 199:208 high efficiency 194:208 high efficiency 194:208 Nature has evolved enzymes with exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency. 31314132 0 24 theme Enzyme 0:5 arg1 Based 13:17 Enzyme Mimic Based 0:17 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 0:57 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 1 25 with enzymes 120:126 arg1 sites 150:154 exquisite active sites 133:154 exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency 133:208 Nature has evolved enzymes with exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency. 31314132 4 26 theme chitosan 671:678 arg1 assembly 659:666 the assembly 655:666 the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 655:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 5 27 theme remarkable 812:821 arg1 enhancement 823:833 a remarkable enhancement 810:833 a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components 810:901 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 8 28 theme material 1447:1454 arg1 activity 1431:1438 the superior activity 1418:1438 the superior activity of the material 1418:1454 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 2 29 theme enzyme 305:310 arg1 production 312:321 natural enzyme production 297:321 natural enzyme production 297:321 However, the exploitation of natural enzymes is often hampered by poor stability, and natural enzyme production and purification are costly. 31314132 5 30 theme peroxidase 838:847 arg1 activity 849:856 peroxidase activity 838:856 peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components 838:901 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 7 31 theme harsh 1096:1100 arg1 environments 1102:1113 harsh environments 1096:1113 harsh environments 1096:1113 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 7 31 theme harsh 1096:1100 arg1 pH 1138:1139 extremely low pH 1124:1139 extremely low pH 1124:1139 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 7 31 theme harsh 1096:1100 arg1 temperatures 1149:1160 high temperatures 1144:1160 high temperatures 1144:1160 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 2 32 theme natural 297:303 arg1 production 312:321 natural enzyme production 297:321 natural enzyme production 297:321 However, the exploitation of natural enzymes is often hampered by poor stability, and natural enzyme production and purification are costly. 31314132 6 33 theme catalytic 931:939 arg1 efficiency 941:950 catalytic efficiency 931:950 catalytic efficiency 931:950 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 4 34 theme G-quadruplex 687:698 arg1 complex 718:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 0 35 theme Self-Assembled 24:37 arg1 Hybrid 52:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 8 36 theme components 1290:1299 arg1 distribution 1251:1262 the spatial distribution 1239:1262 the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center 1239:1340 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 3 37 with enzymes 487:493 arg1 stability 523:531 stability 523:531 stability 523:531 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 3 37 with enzymes 487:493 arg1 activity 510:517 catalytic activity 500:517 catalytic activity 500:517 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 8 38 theme chitosan 1281:1288 arg1 components 1290:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 2 39 theme enzymes 248:254 arg1 exploitation 224:235 the exploitation 220:235 the exploitation of natural enzymes 220:254 However, the exploitation of natural enzymes is often hampered by poor stability, and natural enzyme production and purification are costly. 31314132 5 40 theme G-DNA 886:890 arg1 components 892:901 the chitosan and G-DNA components 869:901 the chitosan and G-DNA components 869:901 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 3 41 theme such 471:474 arg1 enzymes 487:493 such artificial enzymes 471:493 such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes 471:567 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 6 42 theme material 976:983 arg1 frequency 917:925 turnover frequency 908:925 turnover frequency 908:925 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 6 42 theme material 976:983 arg1 efficiency 941:950 catalytic efficiency 931:950 catalytic efficiency 931:950 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 2 43 theme natural 240:246 arg1 enzymes 248:254 natural enzymes 240:254 natural enzymes 240:254 However, the exploitation of natural enzymes is often hampered by poor stability, and natural enzyme production and purification are costly. 31314132 3 44 theme artificial 476:485 arg1 enzymes 487:493 such artificial enzymes 471:493 such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes 471:567 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 3 45 theme sites 426:430 arg1 construction 392:403 the construction 388:403 the construction of biomimetic active sites 388:430 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 6 46 theme enzyme-mimicking 959:974 arg1 material 976:983 the enzyme-mimicking material 955:983 the enzyme-mimicking material 955:983 The turnover frequency and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme-mimicking material reached or even surpassed those of HRP. 31314132 7 47 theme higher 1067:1072 arg1 tolerance 1074:1082 higher tolerance 1067:1082 higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures 1067:1160 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 4 48 with assembly 659:666 arg1 complex 718:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 7 49 theme catalytic 1039:1047 arg1 complex 1049:1055 the catalytic complex 1035:1055 the catalytic complex 1035:1055 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 9 50 theme simple 1477:1482 arg1 avenue 1499:1504 a simple and affordable avenue 1475:1504 a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1475:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 0 51 theme Chitosan/DNA 39:50 arg1 Hybrid 52:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid 22:57 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 9 52 theme active 1524:1529 arg1 nanomaterials 1569:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 8 53 theme catalytic 1325:1333 arg1 center 1335:1340 the catalytic center 1321:1340 the catalytic center 1321:1340 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 4 54 theme G-DNA 705:709 arg1 complex 718:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 685:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 8 55 theme hemin 1395:1399 arg1 iron 1401:1404 the hemin iron 1391:1404 the hemin iron 1391:1404 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 3 56 theme catalytic 500:508 arg1 activity 510:517 catalytic activity 500:517 catalytic activity 500:517 Supramolecular self-assembly allows the construction of biomimetic active sites, although it is challenging to produce such artificial enzymes with catalytic activity and stability that rival those of natural enzymes. 31314132 5 57 theme network-like 729:740 arg1 morphology 742:751 A network-like morphology 727:751 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial 727:781 A network-like morphology of the assembled nanomaterial was observed together with a remarkable enhancement of peroxidase activity induced by the chitosan and G-DNA components. 31314132 9 58 theme catalytic 1559:1567 arg1 nanomaterials 1569:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials 1517:1581 Our work provides a simple and affordable avenue to produce highly active and robust enzyme-mimicking catalytic nanomaterials. 31314132 0 59 dep Based 13:17 arg1 Mimic 7:11 Mimic 7:11 Mimic 7:11 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 1 60 theme exquisite 133:141 arg1 sites 150:154 exquisite active sites 133:154 exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency 133:208 Nature has evolved enzymes with exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency. 31314132 8 61 theme exposure 1309:1316 arg1 distribution 1251:1262 the spatial distribution 1239:1262 the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center 1239:1340 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 0 62 theme Superior 68:75 arg1 Activity 77:84 Superior Activity 68:84 Superior Activity 68:84 Enzyme Mimic Based on a Self-Assembled Chitosan/DNA Hybrid Exhibits Superior Activity and Tolerance. 31314132 4 63 dep peroxidase 623:632 arg1 mimic 640:644 mimic 640:644 mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex 640:724 We report herein a strategy to produce a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimic based on the assembly of chitosan with a G-quadruplex DNA (G-DNA)/hemin complex. 31314132 8 64 theme G-DNA 1271:1275 arg1 components 1290:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 the G-DNA and chitosan components 1267:1299 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 1 65 theme active 143:148 arg1 sites 150:154 exquisite active sites 133:154 exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency 133:208 Nature has evolved enzymes with exquisite active sites that catalyze biotransformations with high efficiency. 31314132 7 66 theme high 1144:1147 arg1 temperatures 1149:1160 high temperatures 1144:1160 high temperatures 1144:1160 Moreover, the catalytic complex exhibited higher tolerance than HRP to harsh environments, such as extremely low pH or high temperatures. 31314132 8 67 theme superior 1422:1429 arg1 activity 1431:1438 the superior activity 1418:1438 the superior activity of the material 1418:1454 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31314132 8 68 theme simulated 1199:1207 arg1 results 1209:1215 the experimental and simulated results 1178:1215 the experimental and simulated results 1178:1215 In accord with the experimental and simulated results, it is concluded that the spatial distribution of the G-DNA and chitosan components and the exposure of the catalytic center may facilitate the coordination of substrates by the hemin iron, leading to the superior activity of the material. 31812744 0 0 theme chitosan 112:119 arg1 electrocopolymerization 55:77 insitu electrocopolymerization 48:77 insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 48:119 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 7 1 theme Py-Ch 1402:1406 arg1 composite 1408:1416 a Py-Ch composite 1400:1416 a Py-Ch composite 1400:1416 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 3 2 theme pyrrole 745:751 arg1 electrocopolymerization 718:740 in situ electrocopolymerization 710:740 in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 710:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 2 3 theme sensors 374:380 arg1 face 382:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 2 3 theme sensors 374:380 arg1 lack 394:397 the lack 390:397 the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor 390:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 1 4 theme conductive 258:267 arg1 nanomaterials 269:281 conductive nanomaterials 258:281 conductive nanomaterials 258:281 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 0 5 theme thiophene-grafted 94:110 arg1 chitosan 112:119 pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 82:119 pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 82:119 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 4 6 theme aforementioned 867:880 arg1 challenges 882:891 aforementioned challenges 867:891 aforementioned challenges 867:891 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 1 7 dep Nowadays 122:129 arg1 there 132:136 there 132:136 there 132:136 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 8 8 theme electrical 1589:1598 arg1 conductivity 1600:1611 its electrical conductivity 1585:1611 its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity 1500:1611 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 3 9 theme in 710:711 arg1 electrocopolymerization 718:740 in situ electrocopolymerization 710:740 in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 710:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 5 10 theme Th-Ch 1044:1048 arg1 synthesis 1010:1018 synthesis 1010:1018 synthesis 1010:1018 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 5 10 theme Th-Ch 1044:1048 arg1 characterization 1024:1039 characterization 1024:1039 characterization 1024:1039 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 7 11 with electrocopolymerization 1254:1276 arg1 Th-Ch 1289:1293 Th-Ch 1289:1293 Th-Ch 1289:1293 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 7 12 dep In 1246:1247 arg1 situ 1249:1252 situ 1249:1252 situ 1249:1252 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 8 13 from technology 1482:1491 arg1 promising 1459:1467 promising 1459:1467 promising 1459:1467 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 5 14 theme linking 1097:1103 arg1 group 1105:1109 a linking group 1095:1109 a linking group between Ch and Py 1095:1127 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 5 14 theme linking 1097:1103 arg1 role 1087:1090 an essential role 1074:1090 an essential role 1074:1090 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 7 15 theme higher 1364:1369 arg1 sensitivity 1371:1381 approximately 40% higher sensitivity 1346:1381 approximately 40% higher sensitivity 1346:1381 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 5 16 theme first 985:989 arg1 time 991:994 the first time 981:994 the first time 981:994 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 7 17 theme conductive 1316:1325 arg1 film 1332:1335 a highly conductive thin film 1307:1335 a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity 1307:1381 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 2 18 theme uniform 402:408 arg1 dispersion 410:419 uniform dispersion 402:419 uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor 402:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 2 19 theme biosensor 520:528 arg1 performance 501:511 analytical performance 490:511 analytical performance of the biosensor 490:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 6 20 theme model 1232:1236 arg1 oxidase 1200:1206 glucose oxidase 1192:1206 glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme 1192:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 20 theme model 1232:1236 arg1 enzyme 1238:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 21 theme thin 1164:1167 arg1 film 1169:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 8 22 theme composite 1436:1444 arg1 film 1451:1454 composite thin film 1436:1454 composite thin film 1436:1454 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 0 23 theme electrochemical 9:23 arg1 performance 33:43 electrochemical sensing performance 9:43 electrochemical sensing performance 9:43 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 2 24 theme analytical 490:499 arg1 performance 501:511 analytical performance 490:511 analytical performance of the biosensor 490:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 3 25 theme thiophene-grafted 762:778 arg1 Th-Ch 790:794 Th-Ch 790:794 Th-Ch 790:794 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 3 25 theme thiophene-grafted 762:778 arg1 chitosan 780:787 thiophene-grafted chitosan 762:787 thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 762:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 6 26 theme Ch-based 1155:1162 arg1 film 1169:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 8 27 theme due 1493:1495 arg1 technology 1482:1491 biosensor technology 1472:1491 biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity 1472:1611 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 6 28 theme glucose 1192:1198 arg1 oxidase 1200:1206 glucose oxidase 1192:1206 glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme 1192:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 28 theme glucose 1192:1198 arg1 enzyme 1238:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 28 theme glucose 1192:1198 arg1 GOx 1209:1211 GOx 1209:1211 GOx 1209:1211 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 1 29 theme electron 287:294 arg1 chitosan 203:210 chitosan 203:210 chitosan 203:210 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 1 29 theme electron 287:294 arg1 carriers 296:303 electron carriers 287:303 electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor 287:342 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 3 30 theme thin 687:690 arg1 film 692:695 a novel conductive thin film 668:695 a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 668:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 6 31 theme conductive 1144:1153 arg1 film 1169:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 5 32 theme essential 1077:1085 arg1 group 1105:1109 a linking group 1095:1109 a linking group between Ch and Py 1095:1127 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 5 32 theme essential 1077:1085 arg1 role 1087:1090 an essential role 1074:1090 an essential role 1074:1090 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 2 33 theme Ch 453:454 arg1 film 456:459 the Ch film 449:459 the Ch film 449:459 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 3 34 theme chitosan 780:787 arg1 electrocopolymerization 718:740 in situ electrocopolymerization 710:740 in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 710:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 4 35 theme preparation 825:835 arg1 This 798:801 This 798:801 This 798:801 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 4 35 theme preparation 825:835 arg1 method 837:842 a simple thin film preparation method 806:842 a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 806:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 6 36 theme resulting 1134:1142 arg1 film 1169:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 4 37 theme film 820:823 arg1 This 798:801 This 798:801 This 798:801 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 4 37 theme film 820:823 arg1 method 837:842 a simple thin film preparation method 806:842 a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 806:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 5 38 dep synthesis 1010:1018 arg1 the 1006:1008 the 1006:1008 the 1006:1008 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 0 39 theme sensing 25:31 arg1 performance 33:43 electrochemical sensing performance 9:43 electrochemical sensing performance 9:43 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 8 40 theme film 1451:1454 arg1 type 1428:1431 This new type 1419:1431 This new type of composite thin film 1419:1454 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 2 41 theme nanomaterials 424:436 arg1 dispersion 410:419 uniform dispersion 402:419 uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor 402:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 0 42 theme insitu 48:53 arg1 electrocopolymerization 55:77 insitu electrocopolymerization 48:77 insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 48:119 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 7 43 theme Py 1281:1282 arg1 electrocopolymerization 1254:1276 In situ electrocopolymerization 1246:1276 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch 1246:1293 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 3 44 theme novel 670:674 arg1 film 692:695 a novel conductive thin film 668:695 a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 668:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 3 45 theme matrix 600:605 arg1 development 560:570 the development 556:570 the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 556:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 8 46 theme modifiable 1552:1561 arg1 structure 1563:1571 the chemically and physically modifiable structure 1522:1571 the chemically and physically modifiable structure 1522:1571 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 8 46 theme modifiable 1552:1561 arg1 biocompatibility 1504:1519 its biocompatibility 1500:1519 its biocompatibility 1500:1519 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 3 47 theme thanks 658:663 arg1 performance 646:656 enhanced electrochemical performance 621:656 enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 621:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 4 48 theme thin 815:818 arg1 This 798:801 This 798:801 This 798:801 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 4 48 theme thin 815:818 arg1 method 837:842 a simple thin film preparation method 806:842 a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 806:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 8 49 theme new 1424:1426 arg1 type 1428:1431 This new type 1419:1431 This new type of composite thin film 1419:1454 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 1 50 theme enzyme 224:229 arg1 matrix 246:251 an enzyme immobilization matrix 221:251 an enzyme immobilization matrix 221:251 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 3 51 dep in 710:711 arg1 situ 713:716 situ 713:716 situ 713:716 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 3 52 theme enzyme 578:583 arg1 matrix 600:605 an enzyme immobilization matrix 575:605 an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 575:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 2 53 theme challenge 358:366 arg1 face 382:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 2 53 theme challenge 358:366 arg1 lack 394:397 the lack 390:397 the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor 390:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 8 54 theme biosensor 1472:1480 arg1 technology 1482:1491 biosensor technology 1472:1491 biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity 1472:1611 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 1 55 theme biosensor 334:342 arg1 sensitivity 315:325 sensitivity 315:325 sensitivity of the biosensor 315:342 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 8 56 theme thin 1446:1449 arg1 film 1451:1454 composite thin film 1436:1454 composite thin film 1436:1454 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 31812744 3 57 theme immobilization 585:598 arg1 matrix 600:605 an enzyme immobilization matrix 575:605 an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 575:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 7 58 theme thin 1327:1330 arg1 film 1332:1335 a highly conductive thin film 1307:1335 a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity 1307:1381 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 4 59 theme conductive 930:939 arg1 layer 941:945 a uniformly distributed conductive layer 906:945 a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 906:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 5 60 theme grafted 1057:1063 arg1 Th 1065:1066 grafted Th 1057:1066 grafted Th 1057:1066 We are also for the first time reporting the synthesis and characterization of Th-Ch, where grafted Th plays an essential role as a linking group between Ch and Py. 31812744 3 61 theme electrochemical 630:644 arg1 performance 646:656 enhanced electrochemical performance 621:656 enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 621:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 6 62 mod modified 1178:1185 arg1 film 1169:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film 1130:1172 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 62 mod modified 1178:1185 arg3 oxidase 1200:1206 glucose oxidase 1192:1206 glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme 1192:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 62 mod modified 1178:1185 arg3 GOx 1209:1211 GOx 1209:1211 GOx 1209:1211 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 6 62 mod modified 1178:1185 arg3 enzyme 1238:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 a model enzyme 1230:1243 The resulting conductive Ch-based thin film was modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) which served as a model enzyme. 31812744 1 63 theme immobilization 231:244 arg1 matrix 246:251 an enzyme immobilization matrix 221:251 an enzyme immobilization matrix 221:251 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 4 64 theme distributed 918:928 arg1 layer 941:945 a uniformly distributed conductive layer 906:945 a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 906:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 3 65 theme conductive 676:685 arg1 film 692:695 a novel conductive thin film 668:695 a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 668:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 7 66 theme In 1246:1247 arg1 electrocopolymerization 1254:1276 In situ electrocopolymerization 1246:1276 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch 1246:1293 In situ electrocopolymerization of Py with Th-Ch resulted in a highly conductive thin film enabling approximately 40% higher sensitivity when compared to a Py-Ch composite. 31812744 4 67 from layer 941:945 arg1 electrode 954:962 the electrode 950:962 the electrode 950:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 2 68 theme dispersion 410:419 arg1 face 382:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 the challenge these sensors face 354:385 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 2 68 theme dispersion 410:419 arg1 lack 394:397 the lack 390:397 the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor 390:528 However, the challenge these sensors face is the lack of uniform dispersion of nanomaterials throughout the Ch film, which can negatively affect analytical performance of the biosensor. 31812744 4 69 theme simple 808:813 arg1 This 798:801 This 798:801 This 798:801 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 4 69 theme simple 808:813 arg1 method 837:842 a simple thin film preparation method 806:842 a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode 806:962 This is a simple thin film preparation method that can help overcome aforementioned challenges by providing a uniformly distributed conductive layer on the electrode. 31812744 1 70 theme electrochemical 162:176 arg1 biosensors 178:187 electrochemical biosensors 162:187 electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor 162:342 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 0 71 theme pyrrole 82:88 arg1 chitosan 112:119 pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 82:119 pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan 82:119 Enhanced electrochemical sensing performance by insitu electrocopolymerization of pyrrole and thiophene-grafted chitosan. 31812744 3 72 theme enhanced 621:628 arg1 performance 646:656 enhanced electrochemical performance 621:656 enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch) 621:795 In this study, we report the development of an enzyme immobilization matrix that displays enhanced electrochemical performance thanks to a novel conductive thin film prepared via in situ electrocopolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and thiophene-grafted chitosan (Th-Ch). 31812744 1 73 theme biosensors 178:187 arg1 number 152:157 number 152:157 number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor 152:342 Nowadays, there is increasing number of electrochemical biosensors which utilize chitosan (Ch); as an enzyme immobilization matrix, and conductive nanomaterials; as electron carriers improving sensitivity of the biosensor. 31812744 8 74 from promising 1459:1467 arg1 technology 1482:1491 biosensor technology 1472:1491 biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity 1472:1611 This new type of composite thin film is promising in biosensor technology due to its biocompatibility, the chemically and physically modifiable structure, as well as its electrical conductivity. 30659382 5 0 theme Calvin 740:745 arg1 cycles 770:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles 736:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 736:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 5 1 with exchange 841:848 arg1 water 903:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 1 2 theme ecological 138:147 arg1 studies 149:155 ecological studies 138:155 ecological studies 138:155 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 5 3 theme compounds 723:731 arg1 recycling 710:718 a higher recycling 701:718 a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 701:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 3 4 theme Recent 253:258 arg1 observations 260:271 Recent observations 253:271 Recent observations 253:271 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 8 5 theme plant 1612:1616 arg1 sciences 1618:1625 plant sciences 1612:1625 plant sciences 1612:1625 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 5 6 theme surrounding 872:882 arg1 water 903:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 8 7 theme carbohydrate 1500:1511 arg1 dynamics 1513:1520 the carbohydrate dynamics 1496:1520 the carbohydrate dynamics of plants 1496:1530 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 4 8 theme consistent 538:547 arg1 2H-enrichment 549:561 a consistent 2H-enrichment 536:561 a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants 536:610 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 5 9 theme higher 703:708 arg1 recycling 710:718 a higher recycling 701:718 a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 701:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 0 10 from 2H-enrichment 0:12 arg1 plants 58:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 2H-enrichment of cellulose and n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants. 30659382 6 11 from 2H-enrichment 1039:1051 arg1 23 ± 23‰ 1083:1090 23 ± 23‰ 1083:1090 23 ± 23‰ 1083:1090 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 6 11 from 2H-enrichment 1039:1051 arg1 α-cellulose 1067:1077 α-cellulose 1067:1077 α-cellulose 1067:1077 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 3 12 theme compounds 512:520 arg1 composition 470:480 the hydrogen isotope composition 449:480 the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 449:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 12 theme compounds 512:520 arg1 values 487:492 δ2H values 483:492 δ2H values 483:492 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 6 13 from 23 ± 23‰ 1083:1090 arg1 n-alkanes 1095:1103 n-alkanes 1095:1103 n-alkanes 1095:1103 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 4 14 theme compounds 566:574 arg1 2H-enrichment 549:561 a consistent 2H-enrichment 536:561 a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants 536:610 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 8 15 theme plants 1525:1530 arg1 dynamics 1513:1520 the carbohydrate dynamics 1496:1520 the carbohydrate dynamics of plants 1496:1530 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 1 16 theme Hydrogen 66:73 arg1 isotopes 79:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes 66:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds 66:113 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 7 17 theme 2H-fractionation 1233:1248 arg1 level 1224:1228 different level 1214:1228 different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH 1214:1297 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 3 18 theme δ2H 483:485 arg1 composition 470:480 the hydrogen isotope composition 449:480 the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 449:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 18 theme δ2H 483:485 arg1 values 487:492 δ2H values 483:492 δ2H values 483:492 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 19 theme complete 832:839 arg1 exchange 841:848 a more complete exchange 825:848 a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 825:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 3 20 theme hydrogen 310:317 arg1 fractionation 327:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 21 theme 2H-enriched 884:894 arg1 water 903:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 2 22 theme water 246:250 arg1 indicative 203:212 indicative 203:212 indicative 203:212 If so, these values are interpreted as being indicative of the plant source and/or leaf water. 30659382 7 23 theme heterotrophic 1340:1352 arg1 plants 1354:1359 heterotrophic plants 1340:1359 heterotrophic plants 1340:1359 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 3 24 theme imprint 405:411 arg1 information 432:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information 379:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 379:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 25 theme isotope 319:325 arg1 fractionation 327:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 26 theme tricarboxylic 751:763 arg1 acid 765:768 tricarboxylic acid 751:768 tricarboxylic acid 751:768 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 2 27 theme leaf 241:244 arg1 water 246:250 the plant source and/or leaf water 217:250 water 246:250 If so, these values are interpreted as being indicative of the plant source and/or leaf water. 30659382 3 28 theme valuable 413:420 arg1 information 432:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information 379:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 379:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 29 theme heterotrophic 780:792 arg1 plants 794:799 heterotrophic plants 780:799 heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 780:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 0 30 from n-alkanes 31:39 arg1 plants 58:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 2H-enrichment of cellulose and n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants. 30659382 7 31 theme produced 1284:1291 arg1 NADPH 1293:1297 heterotrophically produced NADPH 1266:1297 heterotrophically produced NADPH 1266:1297 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 6 32 theme heterotrophic 956:968 arg1 plants 970:975 heterotrophic plants 956:975 heterotrophic plants 956:975 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 0 33 theme heterotrophic 44:56 arg1 plants 58:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 heterotrophic plants 44:63 2H-enrichment of cellulose and n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants. 30659382 4 34 theme pairs 663:667 arg1 series 621:626 a series 619:626 a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs 619:667 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 6 35 theme 76 ± 9‰ 1056:1062 arg1 2H-enrichment 1039:1051 an average 2H-enrichment 1028:1051 an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes 1028:1103 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 6 36 from 2H-enrichment 939:951 arg1 plants 970:975 heterotrophic plants 956:975 heterotrophic plants 956:975 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 8 37 theme δ2H 1541:1543 arg1 values 1545:1550 their δ2H values 1535:1550 their δ2H values 1535:1550 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 6 38 theme average 1031:1037 arg1 2H-enrichment 1039:1051 an average 2H-enrichment 1028:1051 an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes 1028:1103 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 0 39 theme cellulose 17:25 arg1 2H-enrichment 0:12 2H-enrichment 0:12 2H-enrichment of cellulose 0:25 2H-enrichment of cellulose and n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants. 30659382 0 39 theme cellulose 17:25 arg1 n-alkanes 31:39 n-alkanes 31:39 n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants 31:63 2H-enrichment of cellulose and n-alkanes in heterotrophic plants. 30659382 3 40 theme plant 498:502 arg1 compounds 512:520 plant organic compounds 498:520 plant organic compounds 498:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 1 41 theme plant 91:95 arg1 compounds 105:113 plant organic compounds 91:113 plant organic compounds 91:113 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 7 42 theme larger 1142:1147 arg1 2H-enrichment 1149:1161 this systematically larger 2H-enrichment 1122:1161 this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids 1122:1195 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 7 43 theme potential 1310:1318 arg1 uptake 1320:1325 the potential uptake 1306:1325 the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants 1306:1359 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 3 44 theme compounds 385:393 arg1 information 432:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information 379:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 379:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 45 theme foliar 896:901 arg1 water 903:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 868:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 8 46 from application 1583:1593 arg1 sciences 1618:1625 plant sciences 1612:1625 plant sciences 1612:1625 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 3 47 theme organic 504:510 arg1 compounds 512:520 plant organic compounds 498:520 plant organic compounds 498:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 48 theme C-bound 853:859 arg1 H 861:861 C-bound H 853:861 C-bound H 853:861 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 3 49 theme metabolic 422:430 arg1 information 432:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information 379:442 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 379:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 4 50 theme plant 657:661 arg1 pairs 663:667 autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs 631:667 autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs 631:667 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 5 51 theme acid 765:768 arg1 cycles 770:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles 736:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 736:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 7 52 theme lipids 1330:1335 arg1 uptake 1320:1325 the potential uptake 1306:1325 the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants 1306:1359 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 3 53 theme information 432:442 arg1 biosynthesis 363:374 the biosynthesis 359:374 the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 359:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 5 54 from compounds 723:731 arg1 cycles 770:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles 736:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 736:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 5 55 from recycling 710:718 arg1 cycles 770:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles 736:775 the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 736:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 1 56 theme organic 97:103 arg1 compounds 105:113 plant organic compounds 91:113 plant organic compounds 91:113 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 3 57 theme plant 379:383 arg1 2H-εbio 396:402 2H-εbio 396:402 2H-εbio 396:402 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 57 theme plant 379:383 arg1 compounds 385:393 plant compounds 379:393 plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 379:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 1 58 theme compounds 105:113 arg1 isotopes 79:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes 66:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds 66:113 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 8 59 theme isotopes 1600:1607 arg1 application 1583:1593 such the application 1574:1593 such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences 1574:1625 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 7 60 dep than 1181:1184 arg1 for 1186:1188 for 1186:1188 for 1186:1188 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 8 61 theme biochemical 1457:1467 arg1 principles 1469:1478 the biochemical principles 1453:1478 the biochemical principles 1453:1478 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 8 62 theme mechanistic 1419:1429 arg1 understanding 1431:1443 a better mechanistic understanding 1410:1443 a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences 1410:1625 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 3 63 theme hydrogen 453:460 arg1 composition 470:480 the hydrogen isotope composition 449:480 the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 449:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 63 theme hydrogen 453:460 arg1 values 487:492 δ2H values 483:492 δ2H values 483:492 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 4 64 from 2H-enrichment 549:561 arg1 plants 605:610 heterotrophically growing plants 579:610 heterotrophically growing plants 579:610 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 1 65 theme H 76:76 arg1 isotopes 79:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes 66:86 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds 66:113 Hydrogen (H) isotopes of plant organic compounds are rarely employed in ecological studies. 30659382 3 66 from variations 296:305 arg1 fractionation 327:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 hydrogen isotope fractionation 310:339 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 2 67 theme source 227:232 arg1 indicative 203:212 indicative 203:212 indicative 203:212 If so, these values are interpreted as being indicative of the plant source and/or leaf water. 30659382 3 68 theme isotope 462:468 arg1 composition 470:480 the hydrogen isotope composition 449:480 the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds 449:520 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 3 68 theme isotope 462:468 arg1 values 487:492 δ2H values 483:492 δ2H values 483:492 Recent observations suggest, however, that variations in hydrogen isotope fractionation that occur during the biosynthesis of plant compounds (2H-εbio) imprint valuable metabolic information into the hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H values) of plant organic compounds. 30659382 7 69 theme different 1214:1222 arg1 level 1224:1228 different level 1214:1228 different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH 1214:1297 We propose that this systematically larger 2H-enrichment for carbohydrates than for lipids is either due to different level of 2H-fractionation associated with heterotrophically produced NADPH, or to the potential uptake of lipids by heterotrophic plants. 30659382 2 70 theme plant 221:225 arg1 source 227:232 the plant source and/or leaf water 217:250 source 227:232 If so, these values are interpreted as being indicative of the plant source and/or leaf water. 30659382 6 71 from α-cellulose 1067:1077 arg1 n-alkanes 1095:1103 n-alkanes 1095:1103 n-alkanes 1095:1103 Interestingly, we found that 2H-enrichment in heterotrophic plants was larger for carbohydrates than for lipids, with an average 2H-enrichment of 76 ± 9‰ in α-cellulose and 23 ± 23‰ in n-alkanes. 30659382 5 72 theme H 861:861 arg1 exchange 841:848 a more complete exchange 825:848 a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 825:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 4 73 theme autotrophic/heterotrophic 631:655 arg1 pairs 663:667 autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs 631:667 autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs 631:667 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30659382 8 74 theme H 1598:1598 arg1 isotopes 1600:1607 H isotopes 1598:1607 H isotopes 1598:1607 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 5 75 from cycles 770:775 arg1 plants 794:799 heterotrophic plants 780:799 heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 780:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 5 75 from cycles 770:775 arg1 recycling 710:718 a higher recycling 701:718 a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water 701:907 We suggest that this is due to a higher recycling of compounds in the Calvin and tricarboxylic acid cycles in heterotrophic plants that is associated with a more complete exchange of C-bound H with the surrounding 2H-enriched foliar water. 30659382 8 76 theme better 1412:1417 arg1 understanding 1431:1443 a better mechanistic understanding 1410:1443 a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences 1410:1625 With the work we present here, we contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of what the biochemical principles are that couple the carbohydrate dynamics of plants to their δ2H values and hope to foster as such the application of H isotopes in plant sciences. 30659382 4 77 theme growing 597:603 arg1 plants 605:610 heterotrophically growing plants 579:610 heterotrophically growing plants 579:610 Here we show a consistent 2H-enrichment of compounds in heterotrophically growing plants across a series of autotrophic/heterotrophic plant pairs. 30038662 5 0 theme gene 636:639 arg1 profile 652:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 8 1 theme glycosylation 1117:1129 arg1 pathways 1131:1138 potentially altered glycosylation pathways 1097:1138 potentially altered glycosylation pathways 1097:1138 A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify potentially altered glycosylation pathways. 30038662 1 2 theme Aberrant 150:157 arg1 characteristic 178:191 a characteristic 176:191 a characteristic of tumour cells 176:207 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 1 2 theme Aberrant 150:157 arg1 glycosylation 159:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 0 3 theme HeLa 79:82 arg1 cells 84:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells 60:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 60:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 5 4 theme expression 641:650 arg1 profile 652:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 0 5 with cells 84:88 arg1 oncogenes 128:136 partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 95:136 oncogenes 128:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 0 5 with cells 84:88 arg1 E6 114:115 partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 95:136 E6 114:115 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 9 6 theme shE6/E7 1264:1270 arg1 cells 1272:1276 HeLa shE6/E7 cells 1259:1276 HeLa shE6/E7 cells 1259:1276 RESULTS The microarray analysis showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells. 30038662 7 7 theme E6 865:866 arg1 oncogenes 875:883 the E6 and E7 oncogenes 861:883 oncogenes 875:883 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 7 8 from effect 778:783 arg1 expression 828:837 glycogene expression 818:837 glycogene expression 818:837 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 5 9 theme cervical 588:595 arg1 carcinogenesis 597:610 cervical carcinogenesis 588:610 cervical carcinogenesis 588:610 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 3 10 theme glycogenes 359:368 arg1 levels 344:349 the expression levels 329:349 the expression levels of some glycogenes 329:368 In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. 30038662 7 11 dep determine 764:772 arg1 silenced 852:859 silenced 852:859 silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells 852:897 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 11 12 theme E6 1415:1416 arg1 oncoproteins 1425:1436 E6 and E7 oncoproteins 1415:1436 E6 and E7 oncoproteins 1415:1436 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 4 13 theme Human 412:416 arg1 HPV 434:436 HPV 434:436 HPV 434:436 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 4 13 theme Human 412:416 arg1 papillomavirus 418:431 Human papillomavirus 412:431 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection 412:447 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 10 14 theme related 1328:1334 arg1 glycosylation 1314:1326 glycosylation 1314:1326 glycosylation related to Notch proteins and O-glycans antigens 1314:1375 Some of these genes participate in glycosylation related to Notch proteins and O-glycans antigens. 30038662 6 15 theme oncoproteins 680:691 arg1 roles 665:669 The roles 661:669 The roles of these oncoproteins in glycosylation changes 661:716 The roles of these oncoproteins in glycosylation changes have not been previously reported. 30038662 11 16 theme E7 1422:1423 arg1 oncoproteins 1425:1436 E6 and E7 oncoproteins 1415:1436 E6 and E7 oncoproteins 1415:1436 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 8 17 theme protein-protein 1033:1047 arg1 network 1061:1067 A protein-protein interaction network 1031:1067 A protein-protein interaction network 1031:1067 A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify potentially altered glycosylation pathways. 30038662 9 18 theme microarray 1153:1162 arg1 analysis 1164:1171 The microarray analysis 1149:1171 The microarray analysis 1149:1171 RESULTS The microarray analysis showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells. 30038662 2 19 theme poor 279:282 arg1 prognosis 284:292 poor prognosis 279:292 poor prognosis 279:292 The expression of certain glycan structures has been associated with poor prognosis. 30038662 6 20 theme glycosylation 696:708 arg1 changes 710:716 glycosylation changes 696:716 glycosylation changes 696:716 The roles of these oncoproteins in glycosylation changes have not been previously reported. 30038662 0 21 theme silenced 105:112 arg1 E6 114:115 partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 95:136 E6 114:115 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 4 22 theme factors 478:484 arg1 factors 478:484 the most important factors 459:484 the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer 459:530 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 4 22 theme factors 478:484 arg1 one 452:454 one 452:454 one 452:454 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 11 23 dep CONCLUSIONS 1378:1388 arg1 support 1402:1408 support 1402:1408 support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis 1402:1587 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 7 24 from oncogenes 875:883 arg1 cells 893:897 HeLa cells 888:897 HeLa cells 888:897 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 11 25 theme glycogene 1451:1459 arg1 expression 1461:1470 glycogene expression 1451:1470 glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis 1451:1587 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 0 26 theme expression 10:19 arg1 profiles 21:28 Glycogene expression profiles 0:28 Glycogene expression profiles 0:28 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 4 27 theme important 468:476 arg1 factors 478:484 the most important factors 459:484 the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer 459:530 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 7 28 theme microarray 915:924 arg1 assay 937:941 a microarray expression assay 913:941 a microarray expression assay 913:941 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 6 29 from roles 665:669 arg1 changes 710:716 glycosylation changes 696:716 glycosylation changes 696:716 The roles of these oncoproteins in glycosylation changes have not been previously reported. 30038662 5 30 dep oncoproteins 541:552 arg1 oncoproteins 541:552 The HPV oncoproteins 533:552 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 533:562 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 5 30 dep oncoproteins 541:552 arg1 E7 561:562 E7 561:562 E7 561:562 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 5 30 dep oncoproteins 541:552 arg1 E6 554:555 E6 554:555 E6 554:555 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 0 31 theme Glycogene 0:8 arg1 profiles 21:28 Glycogene expression profiles 0:28 Glycogene expression profiles 0:28 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 5 32 theme host 631:634 arg1 profile 652:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 the host gene expression profile 627:658 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 9 33 dep RESULTS 1141:1147 arg1 showed 1173:1178 showed 1173:1178 showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells 1173:1276 RESULTS The microarray analysis showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells. 30038662 7 34 theme glycogene 818:826 arg1 expression 828:837 glycogene expression 818:837 glycogene expression 818:837 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 7 35 theme expression 926:935 arg1 assay 937:941 a microarray expression assay 913:941 a microarray expression assay 913:941 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 0 36 theme E7 121:122 arg1 oncogenes 128:136 partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 95:136 oncogenes 128:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 1 37 theme tumour 196:201 arg1 cells 203:207 tumour cells 196:207 tumour cells 196:207 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 0 38 from cells 84:88 arg1 data 50:53 microarray data 39:53 microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 39:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 7 39 theme oncoproteins 802:813 arg1 effect 778:783 the effect 774:783 the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression 774:837 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 1 40 theme cells 203:207 arg1 characteristic 178:191 a characteristic 176:191 a characteristic of tumour cells 176:207 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 1 40 theme cells 203:207 arg1 glycosylation 159:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 0 41 theme microarray 39:48 arg1 data 50:53 microarray data 39:53 microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 39:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 7 42 theme E6 792:793 arg1 oncoproteins 802:813 the E6 and E7 oncoproteins 788:813 oncoproteins 802:813 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 2 43 theme glycan 236:241 arg1 structures 243:252 certain glycan structures 228:252 certain glycan structures 228:252 The expression of certain glycan structures has been associated with poor prognosis. 30038662 4 44 theme cancer 525:530 arg1 development 501:511 the development 497:511 the development of cervical cancer 497:530 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 0 45 theme HPV 124:126 arg1 oncogenes 128:136 partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 95:136 oncogenes 128:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 9 46 theme HeLa 1259:1262 arg1 cells 1272:1276 HeLa shE6/E7 cells 1259:1276 HeLa shE6/E7 cells 1259:1276 RESULTS The microarray analysis showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells. 30038662 2 47 theme certain 228:234 arg1 structures 243:252 certain glycan structures 228:252 certain glycan structures 228:252 The expression of certain glycan structures has been associated with poor prognosis. 30038662 5 48 theme HPV 537:539 arg1 oncoproteins 541:552 The HPV oncoproteins 533:552 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 533:562 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 5 48 theme HPV 537:539 arg1 E7 561:562 E7 561:562 E7 561:562 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 5 48 theme HPV 537:539 arg1 E6 554:555 E6 554:555 E6 554:555 The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. 30038662 3 49 theme lymph 396:400 arg1 invasion 402:409 lymph invasion 396:409 lymph invasion 396:409 In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. 30038662 4 50 theme cervical 516:523 arg1 cancer 525:530 cervical cancer 516:530 cervical cancer 516:530 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 8 51 theme altered 1109:1115 arg1 pathways 1131:1138 potentially altered glycosylation pathways 1097:1138 potentially altered glycosylation pathways 1097:1138 A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify potentially altered glycosylation pathways. 30038662 0 52 theme cervical 60:67 arg1 cells 84:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells 60:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 60:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 10 53 theme O-glycans 1358:1366 arg1 antigens 1368:1375 O-glycans antigens 1358:1375 O-glycans antigens 1358:1375 Some of these genes participate in glycosylation related to Notch proteins and O-glycans antigens. 30038662 11 54 theme expression 1461:1470 arg1 products 1476:1483 the products 1472:1483 the products 1472:1483 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 3 55 from changes 318:324 arg1 levels 344:349 the expression levels 329:349 the expression levels of some glycogenes 329:368 In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. 30038662 7 56 theme glycogenes 1008:1017 arg1 levels 998:1003 the mRNA levels 989:1003 the mRNA levels of glycogenes 989:1017 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 4 57 theme papillomavirus 418:431 arg1 infection 439:447 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection 412:447 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection 412:447 Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. 30038662 7 58 theme mRNA 993:996 arg1 levels 998:1003 the mRNA levels 989:1003 the mRNA levels of glycogenes 989:1017 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 10 59 theme Notch 1339:1343 arg1 proteins 1345:1352 Notch proteins 1339:1352 Notch proteins 1339:1352 Some of these genes participate in glycosylation related to Notch proteins and O-glycans antigens. 30038662 11 60 theme structures 1526:1535 arg1 synthesis 1513:1521 the synthesis 1509:1521 the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis 1509:1587 CONCLUSIONS Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. 30038662 3 61 theme cervical 298:305 arg1 carcinoma 307:315 cervical carcinoma 298:315 cervical carcinoma 298:315 In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. 30038662 0 62 theme carcinoma 69:77 arg1 cells 84:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells 60:88 cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes 60:136 Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. 30038662 8 63 theme interaction 1049:1059 arg1 network 1061:1067 A protein-protein interaction network 1031:1067 A protein-protein interaction network 1031:1067 A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify potentially altered glycosylation pathways. 30038662 7 64 theme E7 799:800 arg1 oncoproteins 802:813 the E6 and E7 oncoproteins 788:813 oncoproteins 802:813 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 7 65 theme HeLa 888:891 arg1 cells 893:897 HeLa cells 888:897 HeLa cells 888:897 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 3 66 theme expression 333:342 arg1 levels 344:349 the expression levels 329:349 the expression levels of some glycogenes 329:368 In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. 30038662 2 67 theme structures 243:252 arg1 expression 214:223 The expression 210:223 The expression of certain glycan structures 210:252 The expression of certain glycan structures has been associated with poor prognosis. 30038662 7 68 theme altered 955:961 arg1 glycogenes 963:972 altered glycogenes 955:972 altered glycogenes 955:972 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 30038662 1 69 theme BACKGROUND 139:148 arg1 characteristic 178:191 a characteristic 176:191 a characteristic of tumour cells 176:207 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 1 69 theme BACKGROUND 139:148 arg1 glycosylation 159:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation 139:171 BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. 30038662 7 70 theme E7 872:873 arg1 oncogenes 875:883 the E6 and E7 oncogenes 861:883 oncogenes 875:883 METHODS To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. 29794055 7 0 theme divergent 1345:1353 arg1 pair 1370:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 8 1 theme inulin 1702:1707 arg1 length 1692:1697 the short average chain length 1668:1697 the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides 1668:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 13 2 theme utilization 2648:2658 arg1 pathways 2660:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways 2630:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2630:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 3 3 theme current 594:600 arg1 paucity 602:608 the current paucity 590:608 the current paucity of biochemical information 590:635 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 2 4 theme community 365:373 arg1 composition 375:385 determining community composition 353:385 determining community composition 353:385 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 2 5 theme functional 452:461 arg1 diversity 463:471 this functional diversity 447:471 this functional diversity 447:471 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 4 6 theme molecular 755:763 arg1 approaches 765:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 3 7 theme information 625:635 arg1 paucity 602:608 the current paucity 590:608 the current paucity of biochemical information 590:635 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 12 8 theme MACs 2553:2556 arg1 utilization 2530:2540 the utilization 2526:2540 the utilization of similar MACs 2526:2556 The issue is further complicated by the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs, even in closely related microbial strains. 29794055 13 9 theme divergent 2630:2638 arg1 pathways 2660:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways 2630:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2630:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 13 10 theme strain-level 2796:2807 arg1 differences 2820:2830 strain-level functional differences 2796:2830 strain-level functional differences 2796:2830 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 1 11 theme bacterial 234:242 arg1 strains 244:250 gut-resident bacterial strains 221:250 gut-resident bacterial strains 221:250 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 9 12 theme recent 1770:1775 arg1 reports 1777:1783 recent reports 1770:1783 recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1770:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 7 13 theme inulin 1476:1481 arg1 diet 1483:1486 an inulin diet 1473:1486 an inulin diet 1473:1486 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 0 14 theme Functional 130:139 arg1 Adaptation 141:150 Functional Adaptation 130:150 Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 130:190 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 5 15 theme utilization 969:979 arg1 locus 981:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus 944:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains 944:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 15 theme utilization 969:979 arg1 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 13 16 theme integrated 2736:2745 arg1 approach 2747:2754 an integrated approach 2733:2754 an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences 2733:2830 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 0 17 from Locus 78:82 arg1 Homologs 35:42 the SusC/SusD Homologs 21:42 the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 21:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 0 17 from Locus 78:82 arg1 Variation 8:16 Genetic Variation 0:16 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 0:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 10 18 theme gut 2241:2243 arg1 community 2255:2263 the gut microbial community 2237:2263 the gut microbial community 2237:2263 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 13 19 theme current 2606:2612 arg1 work 2614:2617 Our current work 2602:2617 Our current work 2602:2617 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 3 20 theme incomplete 688:697 arg1 predictions 710:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 1 21 theme significant 268:278 arg1 variation 296:304 significant interindividual variation 268:304 significant interindividual variation in microbiome function 268:327 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 9 22 theme polysaccharide 1796:1809 arg1 mechanisms 1823:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms 1788:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1788:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 8 23 theme homolog 1531:1537 arg1 pair 1544:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 4 24 theme fructan 810:816 arg1 profiles 830:837 the fructan utilization profiles 806:837 the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 806:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 0 25 theme thetaiotaomicron 167:182 arg1 Strains 184:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 3 26 theme low-resolution 669:682 arg1 predictions 710:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 9 27 theme mechanisms 1823:1832 arg1 reports 1777:1783 recent reports 1770:1783 recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1770:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 0 28 from Specificities 112:124 arg1 Strains 184:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 10 29 theme Dietary 2117:2123 arg1 tool 2215:2218 a promising tool 2203:2218 a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community 2203:2263 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 10 29 theme Dietary 2117:2123 arg1 interventions 2125:2137 Dietary interventions 2117:2137 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) 2117:2192 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 1 30 from variation 296:304 arg1 function 320:327 microbiome function 309:327 microbiome function 309:327 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 2 31 theme Traditional 330:340 arg1 methods 342:348 Traditional methods 330:348 Traditional methods 330:348 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 7 32 theme wild-type 1436:1444 arg1 strain 1446:1451 the wild-type strain 1432:1451 the wild-type strain 1432:1451 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 7 33 theme 8736-2 1403:1408 arg1 strain 1411:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 0 34 theme Polysaccharide 51:64 arg1 Locus 78:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 5 35 theme susC/susD 1010:1018 arg1 pair 1033:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 11 36 theme microbial 2314:2322 arg1 pathways 2334:2341 microbial metabolic pathways 2314:2341 microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs 2314:2392 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 8 37 theme inulin 1571:1576 arg1 import 1561:1566 import 1561:1566 import of inulin into the periplasm 1561:1595 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 10 38 theme microbiota-accessible 2151:2171 arg1 MACs 2188:2191 MACs 2188:2191 MACs 2188:2191 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 10 38 theme microbiota-accessible 2151:2171 arg1 carbohydrates 2173:2185 these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates 2145:2185 these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) 2145:2192 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 1 39 theme Genomic 193:199 arg1 differences 201:211 Genomic differences 193:211 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains 193:250 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 9 40 theme Bacteroides 1858:1868 arg1 genus 1870:1874 the Bacteroides genus 1854:1874 the Bacteroides genus 1854:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 9 41 theme microbiota 2105:2114 arg1 functionality 2080:2092 functionality 2080:2092 functionality 2080:2092 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 9 41 theme microbiota 2105:2114 arg1 composition 2064:2074 composition 2064:2074 composition 2064:2074 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 4 42 theme thetaiotaomicron 874:889 arg1 strains 891:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 0 43 theme Divergent 94:102 arg1 Specificities 112:124 Divergent Fructan Specificities 94:124 Divergent Fructan Specificities 94:124 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 9 44 dep composition 2064:2074 arg1 the 2060:2062 the 2060:2062 the 2060:2062 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 3 45 theme forward 520:526 arg1 approaches 486:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 3 45 theme forward 520:526 arg1 step 515:518 a significant step 501:518 a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants 501:572 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 0 46 theme Homologs 35:42 arg1 Variation 8:16 Genetic Variation 0:16 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 0:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 3 47 theme significant 503:513 arg1 approaches 486:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 3 47 theme significant 503:513 arg1 step 515:518 a significant step 501:518 a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants 501:572 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 0 48 theme Genetic 0:6 arg1 Variation 8:16 Genetic Variation 0:16 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 0:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 6 49 theme genes 1181:1185 arg1 pair 1163:1166 the distinct pair 1150:1166 the distinct pair of susC/susD genes 1150:1185 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 12 50 theme microbial 2583:2591 arg1 strains 2593:2599 closely related microbial strains 2567:2599 closely related microbial strains 2567:2599 The issue is further complicated by the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs, even in closely related microbial strains. 29794055 12 51 theme similar 2545:2551 arg1 MACs 2553:2556 similar MACs 2545:2556 similar MACs 2545:2556 The issue is further complicated by the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs, even in closely related microbial strains. 29794055 5 52 with locus 981:985 arg1 pair 1033:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 4 53 theme related 854:860 arg1 strains 891:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 3 54 theme sequence 556:563 arg1 variants 565:572 strain-level sequence variants 543:572 strain-level sequence variants 543:572 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 5 55 theme fructan 946:952 arg1 locus 981:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus 944:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains 944:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 55 theme fructan 946:952 arg1 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 3 56 theme biochemical 613:623 arg1 information 625:635 biochemical information 613:635 biochemical information 613:635 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 9 57 theme gut.IMPORTANCE 1989:2002 arg1 polysaccharides 2012:2026 the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides 1985:2026 the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides 1985:2026 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 6 58 theme pair 1163:1166 arg1 Transfer 1138:1145 Transfer 1138:1145 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 1138:1263 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 0 59 theme SusC/SusD 25:33 arg1 Homologs 35:42 the SusC/SusD Homologs 21:42 the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 21:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 6 60 theme distinct 1154:1161 arg1 pair 1163:1166 the distinct pair 1150:1166 the distinct pair of susC/susD genes 1150:1185 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 3 61 theme Metagenomic 474:484 arg1 approaches 486:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches 474:495 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 3 61 theme Metagenomic 474:484 arg1 step 515:518 a significant step 501:518 a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants 501:572 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 13 62 theme molecular 2776:2784 arg1 basis 2786:2790 the molecular basis 2772:2790 the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences 2772:2830 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 13 63 theme B. thetaiotaomicron 2692:2710 arg1 strains 2712:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 7 64 theme hybrid 1393:1398 arg1 strain 1411:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 11 65 theme interventions 2426:2438 arg1 design 2407:2412 the design 2403:2412 the design of rational interventions 2403:2438 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 2 66 theme gene 405:408 arg1 sequencing 419:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 8 67 theme many 1721:1724 arg1 polysaccharides 1732:1746 many other polysaccharides 1721:1746 many other polysaccharides 1721:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 1 68 theme interindividual 280:294 arg1 variation 296:304 significant interindividual variation 268:304 significant interindividual variation in microbiome function 268:327 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 5 69 theme characterized 1112:1124 arg1 strains 1129:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 8 70 theme short 1672:1676 arg1 length 1692:1697 the short average chain length 1668:1697 the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides 1668:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 7 71 theme pair 1370:1373 arg1 presence 1329:1336 The presence 1325:1336 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1325:1373 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 10 72 theme promising 2205:2213 arg1 tool 2215:2218 a promising tool 2203:2218 a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community 2203:2263 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 10 72 theme promising 2205:2213 arg1 interventions 2125:2137 Dietary interventions 2117:2137 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) 2117:2192 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 8 73 theme chain 1686:1690 arg1 length 1692:1697 the short average chain length 1668:1697 the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides 1668:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 13 74 theme fructan 2640:2646 arg1 pathways 2660:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways 2630:2667 divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2630:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 4 75 from differences 791:801 arg1 profiles 830:837 the fructan utilization profiles 806:837 the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 806:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 7 76 theme susC/susD 1355:1363 arg1 pair 1370:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 9 77 theme strain 1971:1976 arg1 success 1958:1964 success 1958:1964 success 1958:1964 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 9 77 theme strain 1971:1976 arg1 functionality 1940:1952 functionality 1940:1952 functionality 1940:1952 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 2 78 theme composition 375:385 arg1 methods 342:348 Traditional methods 330:348 Traditional methods 330:348 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 9 79 located found 1834:1838 arg2 mechanisms 1823:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms 1788:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1788:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 9 79 located found 1834:1838 arg1 members 1843:1849 members 1843:1849 members of the Bacteroides genus 1843:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 6 80 from Bt-8736 1192:1198 arg1 Transfer 1138:1145 Transfer 1138:1145 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 1138:1263 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 2 81 theme determining 353:363 arg1 composition 375:385 determining community composition 353:385 determining community composition 353:385 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 5 82 from strains 1129:1135 arg1 strain 1094:1099 this strain 1089:1099 this strain from other characterized Bt strains 1089:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 6 83 theme recipient 1295:1303 arg1 strain 1305:1310 the recipient strain 1291:1310 the recipient strain 1291:1310 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 6 83 theme recipient 1295:1303 arg1 Bt 1313:1314 Bt 1313:1314 Bt(8736-2) 1313:1322 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 9 84 theme Dietary 2004:2010 arg1 polysaccharides 2012:2026 the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides 1985:2026 the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides 1985:2026 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 1 85 theme gut-resident 221:232 arg1 strains 244:250 gut-resident bacterial strains 221:250 gut-resident bacterial strains 221:250 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 29794055 13 86 theme functional 2809:2818 arg1 differences 2820:2830 strain-level functional differences 2796:2830 strain-level functional differences 2796:2830 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 5 87 theme polysaccharide 954:967 arg1 locus 981:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus 944:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains 944:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 87 theme polysaccharide 954:967 arg1 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 8 88 theme susC/susD 1521:1529 arg1 pair 1544:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 5 89 theme gene 1028:1031 arg1 pair 1033:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 9 90 theme dominant 2035:2042 arg1 role 2044:2047 a dominant role 2033:2047 a dominant role 2033:2047 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 4 91 theme genomic 729:735 arg1 approaches 765:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 2 92 theme amplicon 410:417 arg1 sequencing 419:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 0 93 theme Bacteroides 155:165 arg1 Strains 184:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 13 94 from pathways 2660:2667 arg1 strains 2712:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 9 95 theme dietary 1788:1794 arg1 mechanisms 1823:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms 1788:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1788:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 8 96 theme gene 1539:1542 arg1 pair 1544:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 the susC/susD homolog gene pair 1517:1547 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 4 97 theme biochemical 738:748 arg1 approaches 765:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches 729:774 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 11 98 theme MACs 2389:2392 arg1 degradation 2368:2378 the degradation 2364:2378 the degradation of these MACs 2364:2392 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 9 99 theme utilization 1811:1821 arg1 mechanisms 1823:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms 1788:1832 dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus 1788:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 10 100 theme microbial 2245:2253 arg1 community 2255:2263 the gut microbial community 2237:2263 the gut microbial community 2237:2263 Dietary interventions using these microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) serve as a promising tool for manipulating the gut microbial community. 29794055 4 101 theme utilization 818:828 arg1 profiles 830:837 the fructan utilization profiles 806:837 the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 806:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 0 102 theme Utilization 66:76 arg1 Locus 78:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 3 103 theme functional 699:708 arg1 predictions 710:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions 662:720 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 5 104 theme divergent 1000:1008 arg1 pair 1033:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 105 theme homolog 1020:1026 arg1 pair 1033:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair 998:1036 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 11 106 theme metabolic 2324:2332 arg1 pathways 2334:2341 microbial metabolic pathways 2314:2341 microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs 2314:2392 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 0 107 from Variation 8:16 arg1 Locus 78:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus 49:82 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 9 108 theme gut 2101:2103 arg1 microbiota 2105:2114 our gut microbiota 2097:2114 our gut microbiota 2097:2114 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 0 109 theme Fructan 104:110 arg1 Specificities 112:124 Divergent Fructan Specificities 94:124 Divergent Fructan Specificities 94:124 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 6 110 theme inulin 1277:1282 arg1 use 1284:1286 inulin use 1277:1286 inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2) 1277:1322 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 9 111 theme genus 1870:1874 arg1 members 1843:1849 members 1843:1849 members of the Bacteroides genus 1843:1874 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 8 112 theme surface 1605:1611 arg1 predigestion 1613:1624 surface predigestion 1605:1624 surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme 1605:1649 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 4 113 theme Bacteroides 862:872 arg1 strains 891:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 842:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 9 114 dep functionality 1940:1952 arg1 the 1936:1938 the 1936:1938 the 1936:1938 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 4 115 theme strains 891:897 arg1 profiles 830:837 the fructan utilization profiles 806:837 the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains 806:897 Using genomic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, we identified differences in the fructan utilization profiles of two closely related Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strains. 29794055 11 116 theme current 2279:2285 arg1 gap 2287:2289 our current gap 2275:2289 our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs 2275:2392 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 8 117 theme endo-acting 1632:1642 arg1 enzyme 1644:1649 an endo-acting enzyme 1629:1649 an endo-acting enzyme 1629:1649 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 6 118 theme susC/susD 1171:1179 arg1 genes 1181:1185 susC/susD genes 1171:1185 susC/susD genes 1171:1185 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 12 119 theme related 2575:2581 arg1 strains 2593:2599 closely related microbial strains 2567:2599 closely related microbial strains 2567:2599 The issue is further complicated by the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs, even in closely related microbial strains. 29794055 6 120 theme type 1225:1228 arg1 strain 1230:1235 type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 1225:1263 type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 1225:1263 Transfer of the distinct pair of susC/susD genes from Bt-8736 into the noninulin using type strain B. thetaiotaomicronVPI-5482 resulted in inulin use by the recipient strain, Bt(8736-2). 29794055 5 121 theme B. thetaiotaomicron 900:918 arg1 Bt-8736 926:932 Bt-8736 926:932 Bt-8736 926:932 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 121 theme B. thetaiotaomicron 900:918 arg1 8736 920:923 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 900:923 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) 900:933 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 7 122 theme Bt 1400:1401 arg1 strain 1411:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain 1389:1416 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 9 123 theme genes 1920:1924 arg1 acquisition 1901:1911 the acquisition 1897:1911 the acquisition of two genes 1897:1924 Our data builds upon recent reports of dietary polysaccharide utilization mechanisms found in members of the Bacteroides genus and demonstrates how the acquisition of two genes can alter the functionality and success of a strain within the gut.IMPORTANCE Dietary polysaccharides play a dominant role in shaping the composition and functionality of our gut microbiota. 29794055 3 124 theme strain-level 543:554 arg1 variants 565:572 strain-level sequence variants 543:572 strain-level sequence variants 543:572 Metagenomic approaches are a significant step forward in identifying strain-level sequence variants; however, given the current paucity of biochemical information, they too are limited to mainly low-resolution and incomplete functional predictions. 29794055 13 125 theme related 2684:2690 arg1 strains 2712:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains 2672:2718 Our current work focuses on divergent fructan utilization pathways in two closely related B. thetaiotaomicron strains and provides an integrated approach to characterize the molecular basis for strain-level functional differences. 29794055 5 126 contain contains 935:942 arg2 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 PUL 988:990 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 126 contain contains 935:942 arg1 Bt-8736 926:932 Bt-8736 926:932 Bt-8736 926:932 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 126 contain contains 935:942 arg1 8736 920:923 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 900:923 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) 900:933 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 5 126 contain contains 935:942 arg2 locus 981:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus 944:985 a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains 944:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 8 127 theme other 1726:1730 arg1 polysaccharides 1732:1746 many other polysaccharides 1721:1746 many other polysaccharides 1721:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 5 128 theme other 1106:1110 arg1 strains 1129:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 8 129 theme average 1678:1684 arg1 length 1692:1697 the short average chain length 1668:1697 the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides 1668:1746 Further, we discovered that the susC/susD homolog gene pair facilitated import of inulin into the periplasm without surface predigestion by an endo-acting enzyme, possibly due to the short average chain length of inulin compared to many other polysaccharides. 29794055 2 130 theme rRNA 400:403 arg1 sequencing 419:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing 400:428 Traditional methods of determining community composition, such as 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, fail to capture this functional diversity. 29794055 5 131 theme Bt 1126:1127 arg1 strains 1129:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 other characterized Bt strains 1106:1135 B. thetaiotaomicron 8736 (Bt-8736) contains a fructan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) with a divergent susC/susD homolog gene pair that enables it to utilize inulin, differentiating this strain from other characterized Bt strains. 29794055 7 132 theme gene 1365:1368 arg1 pair 1370:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 the divergent susC/susD gene pair 1341:1373 The presence of the divergent susC/susD gene pair alone enabled the hybrid Bt(8736-2) strain to outcompete the wild-type strain in vivo in mice fed an inulin diet. 29794055 11 133 theme rational 2417:2424 arg1 interventions 2426:2438 rational interventions 2417:2438 rational interventions 2417:2438 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 0 134 from Adaptation 141:150 arg1 Strains 184:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains 155:190 Genetic Variation of the SusC/SusD Homologs from a Polysaccharide Utilization Locus Underlies Divergent Fructan Specificities and Functional Adaptation in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Strains. 29794055 11 135 from gap 2287:2289 arg1 knowledge 2294:2302 knowledge 2294:2302 knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs 2294:2392 However, our current gap in knowledge regarding microbial metabolic pathways that are involved in the degradation of these MACs has made the design of rational interventions difficult. 29794055 12 136 theme pathways 2504:2511 arg1 diversity 2491:2499 the diversity 2487:2499 the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs 2487:2556 The issue is further complicated by the diversity of pathways observed for the utilization of similar MACs, even in closely related microbial strains. 29794055 1 137 theme microbiome 309:318 arg1 function 320:327 microbiome function 309:327 microbiome function 309:327 Genomic differences between gut-resident bacterial strains likely underlie significant interindividual variation in microbiome function. 30716902 1 0 theme bioactive 160:168 arg1 compounds 170:178 bioactive compounds 160:178 bioactive compounds 160:178 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 7 1 theme surface 960:966 arg1 morphology 968:977 The surface morphology 956:977 The surface morphology 956:977 The surface morphology and dual layer structure were characterized microscopically. 30716902 4 2 theme Central 613:619 arg1 Methodology 655:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 4 2 theme Central 613:619 arg1 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) 604:666 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 8 3 theme versatile 1101:1109 arg1 mean 1111:1114 a novel and versatile mean 1089:1114 a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis 1089:1215 In summary, this work has successfully developed a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis. 30716902 1 4 theme compounds 170:178 arg1 bioavailability 141:155 oral bioavailability 136:155 oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds 136:178 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 6 5 theme 112.1 ± 35.2 nm 914:928 arg1 diameter 930:937 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter 914:937 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter 914:937 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 9 6 theme electrospray 1276:1287 arg1 technique 1289:1297 electrospray technique 1276:1297 electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components 1276:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 2 7 theme bilayer 301:307 arg1 system 309:314 the nano-sized bilayer system 286:314 the nano-sized bilayer system 286:314 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 4 8 theme Design-Response 631:645 arg1 Methodology 655:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 4 8 theme Design-Response 631:645 arg1 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) 604:666 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 0 9 theme novel 95:99 arg1 approach 115:122 A novel and versatile approach 93:122 A novel and versatile approach 93:122 Synthesize of alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier by CCD-RSM guided co-axial electrospray: A novel and versatile approach. 30716902 2 10 theme nano-sized 290:299 arg1 system 309:314 the nano-sized bilayer system 286:314 the nano-sized bilayer system 286:314 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 4 11 theme Composite 621:629 arg1 Methodology 655:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 4 11 theme Composite 621:629 arg1 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) 604:666 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 8 12 theme bilayer 1139:1145 arg1 nanocarrier 1147:1157 bilayer nanocarrier 1139:1157 bilayer nanocarrier 1139:1157 In summary, this work has successfully developed a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis. 30716902 6 13 theme processing 838:847 arg1 parameters 849:858 the optimum processing parameters 826:858 the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter 826:937 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 1 14 theme carrier 193:199 arg1 systems 201:207 nano-scopic carrier systems 181:207 nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers 181:228 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 0 15 theme versatile 105:113 arg1 approach 115:122 A novel and versatile approach 93:122 A novel and versatile approach 93:122 Synthesize of alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier by CCD-RSM guided co-axial electrospray: A novel and versatile approach. 30716902 6 16 theme optimum 830:836 arg1 parameters 849:858 the optimum processing parameters 826:858 the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter 826:937 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 3 17 theme better 383:388 arg1 efficiency 390:399 better efficiency 383:399 better efficiency 383:399 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 1 18 theme nano-scopic 181:191 arg1 systems 201:207 nano-scopic carrier systems 181:207 nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers 181:228 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 3 19 theme co-axial 402:409 arg1 electrospraying 411:425 co-axial electrospraying 402:425 co-axial electrospraying 402:425 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 3 19 theme co-axial 402:409 arg1 method 454:459 the novel method 444:459 the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier 444:499 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 2 20 theme multiple 333:340 arg1 operations 342:351 multiple operations 333:351 multiple operations 333:351 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 8 21 theme CCD-RSM 1200:1206 arg1 analysis 1208:1215 CCD-RSM analysis 1200:1215 CCD-RSM analysis 1200:1215 In summary, this work has successfully developed a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis. 30716902 3 22 theme novel 448:452 arg1 electrospraying 411:425 co-axial electrospraying 402:425 co-axial electrospraying 402:425 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 3 22 theme novel 448:452 arg1 method 454:459 the novel method 444:459 the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier 444:499 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 6 23 dep parameters 849:858 arg1 prepare 863:869 prepare 863:869 to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter 860:937 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 0 24 theme bilayer 32:38 arg1 nanocarrier 40:50 alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier 14:50 alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier 14:50 Synthesize of alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier by CCD-RSM guided co-axial electrospray: A novel and versatile approach. 30716902 8 25 theme novel 1091:1095 arg1 mean 1111:1114 a novel and versatile mean 1089:1114 a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis 1089:1215 In summary, this work has successfully developed a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis. 30716902 4 26 theme bilayer 684:690 arg1 nanocarrier 692:702 bilayer nanocarrier 684:702 bilayer nanocarrier 684:702 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 0 27 theme alginate/chitosan 14:30 arg1 nanocarrier 40:50 alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier 14:50 alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier 14:50 Synthesize of alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier by CCD-RSM guided co-axial electrospray: A novel and versatile approach. 30716902 5 28 theme shell 759:763 arg1 part 765:768 shell part 759:768 shell part 759:768 Chitosan and alginate were arranged into the core and shell part of the carrier, respectively. 30716902 9 29 theme carrier 1327:1333 arg1 system 1335:1340 oral carrier system 1322:1340 oral carrier system containing bioactive components 1322:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 2 30 theme system 309:314 arg1 preparation 271:281 The preparation 267:281 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system 267:314 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 1 31 theme multiple 214:221 arg1 layers 223:228 multiple layers 214:228 multiple layers 214:228 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 9 32 theme system 1335:1340 arg1 preparation 1307:1317 the preparation 1303:1317 the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components 1303:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 3 33 theme dual-layered 476:487 arg1 nanocarrier 489:499 dual-layered nanocarrier 476:499 dual-layered nanocarrier 476:499 For better efficiency, co-axial electrospraying was developed as the novel method to manufacture dual-layered nanocarrier. 30716902 4 34 theme electrospray 561:572 arg1 process 574:580 the co-axial electrospray process 548:580 the co-axial electrospray process 548:580 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 5 35 theme carrier 777:783 arg1 core 750:753 the core 746:753 the core 746:753 Chitosan and alginate were arranged into the core and shell part of the carrier, respectively. 30716902 5 35 theme carrier 777:783 arg1 part 765:768 shell part 759:768 shell part 759:768 Chitosan and alginate were arranged into the core and shell part of the carrier, respectively. 30716902 6 36 theme RSM 812:814 arg1 analysis 816:823 the RSM analysis 808:823 the RSM analysis 808:823 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 8 37 dep electrospray 1174:1185 arg1 combine 1187:1193 combine 1187:1193 combine with CCD-RSM analysis 1187:1215 In summary, this work has successfully developed a novel and versatile mean to efficiently produce bilayer nanocarrier using co-axial electrospray combine with CCD-RSM analysis. 30716902 4 38 theme co-axial 552:559 arg1 process 574:580 the co-axial electrospray process 548:580 the co-axial electrospray process 548:580 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 9 39 theme bioactive 1353:1361 arg1 components 1363:1372 bioactive components 1353:1372 bioactive components 1353:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 2 40 theme energy 365:370 arg1 input 372:376 intense energy input 357:376 intense energy input 357:376 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 1 41 with systems 201:207 arg1 layers 223:228 multiple layers 214:228 multiple layers 214:228 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 2 42 theme intense 357:363 arg1 input 372:376 intense energy input 357:376 intense energy input 357:376 The preparation of the nano-sized bilayer system usually requires multiple operations and intense energy input. 30716902 7 43 theme dual 983:986 arg1 structure 994:1002 dual layer structure 983:1002 dual layer structure 983:1002 The surface morphology and dual layer structure were characterized microscopically. 30716902 9 44 theme oral 1322:1325 arg1 system 1335:1340 oral carrier system 1322:1340 oral carrier system containing bioactive components 1322:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 6 45 theme bilayer 893:899 arg1 carrier 901:907 the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier 871:907 the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier 871:907 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 7 46 theme layer 988:992 arg1 structure 994:1002 dual layer structure 983:1002 dual layer structure 983:1002 The surface morphology and dual layer structure were characterized microscopically. 30716902 6 47 theme chitosan/alginate 875:891 arg1 carrier 901:907 the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier 871:907 the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier 871:907 Through the RSM analysis, the optimum processing parameters to prepare the chitosan/alginate bilayer carrier with 112.1 ± 35.2 nm diameter were determined. 30716902 1 48 theme oral 136:139 arg1 bioavailability 141:155 oral bioavailability 136:155 oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds 136:178 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 4 49 theme Surface 647:653 arg1 Methodology 655:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology 613:665 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 4 49 theme Surface 647:653 arg1 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM 604:610 CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) 604:666 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 9 50 theme firm 1249:1252 arg1 results 1224:1230 These results 1218:1230 These results 1218:1230 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 9 50 theme firm 1249:1252 arg1 foundation 1254:1263 a firm foundation 1247:1263 a firm foundation 1247:1263 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 9 51 contain containing 1342:1351 arg1 system 1335:1340 oral carrier system 1322:1340 oral carrier system containing bioactive components 1322:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 9 51 contain containing 1342:1351 arg2 components 1363:1372 bioactive components 1353:1372 bioactive components 1353:1372 These results could serve as a firm foundation to promote electrospray technique for the preparation of oral carrier system containing bioactive components. 30716902 1 52 theme recent 245:250 arg1 trend 260:264 the recent popular trend 241:264 the recent popular trend 241:264 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30716902 0 53 theme co-axial 70:77 arg1 electrospray 79:90 co-axial electrospray 70:90 co-axial electrospray 70:90 Synthesize of alginate/chitosan bilayer nanocarrier by CCD-RSM guided co-axial electrospray: A novel and versatile approach. 30716902 4 54 theme production 536:545 arg1 versatility 517:527 the versatility 513:527 the versatility of the production 513:545 To improve the versatility of the production, the co-axial electrospray process was further guided by CCD-RSM (Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology) when generating bilayer nanocarrier. 30716902 1 55 theme popular 252:258 arg1 trend 260:264 the recent popular trend 241:264 the recent popular trend 241:264 To improve oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds, nano-scopic carrier systems with multiple layers has become the recent popular trend. 30385340 0 0 theme cinnamon 99:106 arg1 oil 118:120 cinnamon essential oil 99:120 cinnamon essential oil 99:120 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 1 1 theme essential 160:168 arg1 CEO 175:177 CEO 175:177 CEO 175:177 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 1 1 theme essential 160:168 arg1 oil 170:172 cinnamon essential oil 151:172 cinnamon essential oil (CEO) 151:178 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 5 2 theme composite 885:893 arg1 films 895:899 the composite films 881:899 the composite films 881:899 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 1 3 theme oil 170:172 arg1 effects 140:146 The effects 136:146 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 136:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 4 4 from influences 702:711 arg1 films 732:736 the films 728:736 the films 728:736 With regard to the influences of Tween 80 on the films, SEM micrographs indicated that the submicroscopic micelle formed in the films by the addition of Tween 80. 30385340 1 5 theme antioxidant 231:241 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 3 6 with films 598:602 arg1 CEO 613:615 12% CEO 609:615 12% CEO 609:615 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 0 7 theme essential 108:116 arg1 oil 118:120 cinnamon essential oil 99:120 cinnamon essential oil 99:120 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 4 8 theme Tween 716:720 arg1 influences 702:711 the influences 698:711 the influences of Tween 80 on the films 698:736 With regard to the influences of Tween 80 on the films, SEM micrographs indicated that the submicroscopic micelle formed in the films by the addition of Tween 80. 30385340 1 9 theme antimicrobial 247:259 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 5 10 theme physical 947:954 arg1 properties 1008:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 5 10 theme physical 947:954 arg1 transparency 977:988 transparency 977:988 transparency 977:988 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 5 10 theme physical 947:954 arg1 properties 956:965 the physical properties 943:965 the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties 943:1017 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 2 11 theme CEO 391:393 arg1 incorporation 374:386 the incorporation 370:386 the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films 370:427 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 2 12 theme water 477:481 arg1 content 483:489 water content 477:489 water content 477:489 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 4 13 theme submicroscopic 774:787 arg1 micelle 789:795 the submicroscopic micelle 770:795 the submicroscopic micelle 770:795 With regard to the influences of Tween 80 on the films, SEM micrographs indicated that the submicroscopic micelle formed in the films by the addition of Tween 80. 30385340 1 14 from effects 140:146 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 4 15 theme SEM 739:741 arg1 micrographs 743:753 SEM micrographs 739:753 SEM micrographs 739:753 With regard to the influences of Tween 80 on the films, SEM micrographs indicated that the submicroscopic micelle formed in the films by the addition of Tween 80. 30385340 2 16 theme tensile 445:451 arg1 strength 453:460 their tensile strength 439:460 their tensile strength 439:460 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 5 17 theme CEO 925:927 arg1 loss 917:920 the loss 913:920 the loss of CEO 913:927 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 5 18 theme barrier 1000:1006 arg1 properties 1008:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 1 19 theme Tween 184:188 arg1 addition 193:200 Tween 80 addition 184:200 Tween 80 addition 184:200 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 0 20 theme physicochemical 15:29 arg1 properties 46:55 physicochemical and biological properties 15:55 physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films 15:79 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 2 21 theme antioxidant 552:562 arg1 properties 582:591 the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 548:591 the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 548:591 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 3 22 theme antimicrobial 657:669 arg1 capacities 671:680 antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 641:680 the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 627:680 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 5 23 theme films 895:899 arg1 stability 868:876 the stability 864:876 the stability of the composite films 864:899 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 2 24 theme composite 413:421 arg1 films 423:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 0 25 theme properties 46:55 arg1 Evaluations 0:10 Evaluations 0:10 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films 0:79 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 1 26 theme pullulan-based 279:292 arg1 films 301:305 the pullulan-based edible films 275:305 the pullulan-based edible films 275:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 2 27 theme pullulan-based 398:411 arg1 films 423:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 3 28 theme 12 609:610 arg1 % 611:611 % 611:611 % 611:611 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 1 29 theme addition 193:200 arg1 effects 140:146 The effects 136:146 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 136:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 0 30 theme biological 35:44 arg1 properties 46:55 physicochemical and biological properties 15:55 physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films 15:79 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 1 31 theme edible 294:299 arg1 films 301:305 the pullulan-based edible films 275:305 the pullulan-based edible films 275:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 3 32 theme antioxidant 641:651 arg1 capacities 671:680 antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 641:680 the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 627:680 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 3 33 theme % 611:611 arg1 CEO 613:615 12% CEO 609:615 12% CEO 609:615 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 2 34 from incorporation 374:386 arg1 films 423:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 pullulan-based composite films 398:427 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 0 35 theme pullulan-based 60:73 arg1 films 75:79 pullulan-based films 60:79 pullulan-based films 60:79 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 1 36 theme films 301:305 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 0 37 theme films 75:79 arg1 properties 46:55 physicochemical and biological properties 15:55 physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films 15:79 Evaluations of physicochemical and biological properties of pullulan-based films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil and Tween 80. 30385340 4 38 theme Tween 836:840 arg1 addition 824:831 the addition 820:831 the addition of Tween 80 820:843 With regard to the influences of Tween 80 on the films, SEM micrographs indicated that the submicroscopic micelle formed in the films by the addition of Tween 80. 30385340 2 39 theme antimicrobial 568:580 arg1 properties 582:591 the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 548:591 the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 548:591 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 3 40 theme strongest 631:639 arg1 capacities 671:680 antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 641:680 the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities 627:680 The films with 12% CEO exhibited the strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. 30385340 1 41 theme structural 209:218 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 2 42 theme vapor 501:505 arg1 permeability 507:518 water vapor permeability 495:518 water vapor permeability 495:518 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 2 43 theme water 495:499 arg1 permeability 507:518 water vapor permeability 495:518 water vapor permeability 495:518 The results demonstrated that the incorporation of CEO in pullulan-based composite films decreased their tensile strength, transparency, water content and water vapor permeability, but considerably increased the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 30385340 5 44 theme water 994:998 arg1 properties 1008:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 water barrier properties 994:1017 Tween 80 improved the stability of the composite films and reduced the loss of CEO, but weakened the physical properties including transparency and water barrier properties. 30385340 1 45 theme cinnamon 151:158 arg1 CEO 175:177 CEO 175:177 CEO 175:177 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 1 45 theme cinnamon 151:158 arg1 oil 170:172 cinnamon essential oil 151:172 cinnamon essential oil (CEO) 151:178 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 30385340 1 46 theme physical 221:228 arg1 properties 261:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 205:270 the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films 205:305 The effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and Tween 80 addition on the structural, physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pullulan-based edible films were investigated in this study. 29413915 4 0 theme 426.6 mg/g 989:998 arg1 yield 980:984 a reducing sugar yield 963:984 a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g 963:998 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 4 0 theme 426.6 mg/g 989:998 arg1 enhancement 888:898 a significant enhancement 874:898 a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 874:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 4 1 theme [TBA 842:845 arg1 pretreatment 852:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 2 2 theme solid 487:491 arg1 NMR 499:501 solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 487:591 NMR 499:501 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 2 theme solid 487:491 arg1 Fourier 517:523 Fourier 517:523 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 517:555 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 2 theme solid 487:491 arg1 microscope 576:585 Scanning electron microscope 558:585 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 558:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 4 3 theme reducing 965:972 arg1 yield 980:984 a reducing sugar yield 963:984 a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g 963:998 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 2 4 theme X-ray 424:428 arg1 diffraction 430:440 powder X-ray diffraction 417:440 powder X-ray diffraction 417:440 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 5 5 theme advantages 1168:1177 arg1 bio-refinery 1133:1144 bio-refinery 1133:1144 bio-refinery 1133:1144 The pretreatment combining inexpensive aqueous ionic liquid and ultrasound may provide a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages. 29413915 4 6 theme significant 876:886 arg1 enhancement 888:898 a significant enhancement 874:898 a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 874:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 0 7 theme enzymatic 101:109 arg1 saccharification 111:126 enzymatic saccharification 101:126 enzymatic saccharification 101:126 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 4 8 from yield 980:984 arg1 rate 925:928 the initial enzymatic rate 903:928 the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 903:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 5 9 theme promising 1098:1106 arg1 strategy 1108:1115 a promising strategy 1096:1115 a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages 1096:1177 The pretreatment combining inexpensive aqueous ionic liquid and ultrasound may provide a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages. 29413915 2 10 theme composition 607:617 arg1 analysis 619:626 chemistry composition analysis 597:626 chemistry composition analysis 597:626 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 11 theme powder 417:422 arg1 diffraction 430:440 powder X-ray diffraction 417:440 powder X-ray diffraction 417:440 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 12 dep transform 525:533 arg1 infrared 535:542 infrared 535:542 transform infrared spectroscopy 525:555 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 4 13 theme enzymatic 915:923 arg1 rate 925:928 the initial enzymatic rate 903:928 the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 903:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 1 14 theme aqueous 233:239 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 14 theme aqueous 233:239 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 2 15 theme chemistry 597:605 arg1 analysis 619:626 chemistry composition analysis 597:626 chemistry composition analysis 597:626 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 16 dep Fourier 517:523 arg1 transform 525:533 transform 525:533 transform infrared spectroscopy 525:555 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 4 17 from enhancement 888:898 arg1 rate 925:928 the initial enzymatic rate 903:928 the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 903:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 4 18 theme initial 907:913 arg1 rate 925:928 the initial enzymatic rate 903:928 the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 903:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 3 19 from level 742:746 arg1 samples 710:716 samples 710:716 samples from the microstructure level 710:746 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 1 20 theme ionic 241:245 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 20 theme ionic 241:245 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 3 21 theme enzymatic 664:672 arg1 difference 691:700 the enzymatic saccharification difference 660:700 the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level 660:746 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 1 22 theme liquid 247:252 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 22 theme liquid 247:252 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 4 23 theme sugar 974:978 arg1 yield 980:984 a reducing sugar yield 963:984 a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g 963:998 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 2 24 theme Eucalyptus 376:385 arg1 samples 387:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples 365:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples 365:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 25 theme cross 447:451 arg1 polarization/magic-angle 453:476 13C cross polarization/magic-angle 443:476 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 443:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 26 theme Pretreated 365:374 arg1 samples 387:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples 365:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples 365:393 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 3 27 theme saccharification 674:689 arg1 difference 691:700 the enzymatic saccharification difference 660:700 the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level 660:746 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 1 28 theme enzymatic 337:345 arg1 saccharification 347:362 enzymatic saccharification 337:362 enzymatic saccharification 337:362 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 29 theme ultrasound-assisted 213:231 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 29 theme ultrasound-assisted 213:231 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 2 30 theme 13C 443:445 arg1 polarization/magic-angle 453:476 13C cross polarization/magic-angle 443:476 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 443:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 5 31 theme bio-refinery 1133:1144 arg1 field 1124:1128 the field 1120:1128 the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages 1120:1177 The pretreatment combining inexpensive aqueous ionic liquid and ultrasound may provide a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages. 29413915 3 32 theme helpful 766:772 arg1 information 774:784 helpful information 766:784 helpful information for relevant pretreatment research 766:819 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 2 33 dep NMR 499:501 arg1 spectroscopy 503:514 spectroscopy 503:514 spectroscopy 503:514 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 1 34 theme tetrabutylammonium 254:271 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 34 theme tetrabutylammonium 254:271 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 0 35 theme liquid 40:45 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 0:127 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 2 36 theme electron 567:574 arg1 NMR 499:501 solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 487:591 NMR 499:501 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 36 theme electron 567:574 arg1 SEM 588:590 SEM 588:590 SEM 588:590 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 36 theme electron 567:574 arg1 microscope 576:585 Scanning electron microscope 558:585 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 558:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 37 theme state 493:497 arg1 NMR 499:501 solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 487:591 NMR 499:501 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 37 theme state 493:497 arg1 Fourier 517:523 Fourier 517:523 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 517:555 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 37 theme state 493:497 arg1 microscope 576:585 Scanning electron microscope 558:585 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 558:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 0 38 theme pretreatment 60:71 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 0:127 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 39 theme ultrasound-assisted 133:151 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 39 theme ultrasound-assisted 133:151 arg1 alkaline 200:207 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 alkaline 200:207 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 39 theme ultrasound-assisted 133:151 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 0 40 theme alkaline 51:58 arg1 pretreatment 60:71 alkaline pretreatment 51:71 alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus 51:85 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 3 41 theme relevant 790:797 arg1 research 812:819 relevant pretreatment research 790:819 relevant pretreatment research 790:819 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 5 42 theme unique 1161:1166 arg1 advantages 1168:1177 its unique advantages 1157:1177 its unique advantages 1157:1177 The pretreatment combining inexpensive aqueous ionic liquid and ultrasound may provide a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages. 29413915 1 43 theme pretreatment 153:164 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 43 theme pretreatment 153:164 arg1 alkaline 200:207 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 alkaline 200:207 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 43 theme pretreatment 153:164 arg1 hydroxide 273:281 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 hydroxide 273:281 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 4 44 theme cellulose 933:941 arg1 rate 925:928 the initial enzymatic rate 903:928 the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h) 903:956 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 4 45 theme [OH 847:849 arg1 pretreatment 852:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 3 46 theme pretreatment 799:810 arg1 research 812:819 relevant pretreatment research 790:819 relevant pretreatment research 790:819 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 4 47 theme Ultrasound-assisted 822:840 arg1 pretreatment 852:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment 822:863 Ultrasound-assisted [TBA][OH] pretreatment acquired a significant enhancement in the initial enzymatic rate of cellulose (79.39 mg/g/h), and a reducing sugar yield of 426.6 mg/g at 48 h. 29413915 0 48 theme Eucalyptus 76:85 arg1 pretreatment 60:71 alkaline pretreatment 51:71 alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus 51:85 Comparison of ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid and alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 49 theme ultrasound-assisted 180:198 arg1 technologies 166:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies 129:177 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 49 theme ultrasound-assisted 180:198 arg1 alkaline 200:207 ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide 180:281 alkaline 200:207 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 1 49 theme ultrasound-assisted 180:198 arg1 [TBA 284:287 [TBA][OH] 284:292 [TBA][OH] 284:292 Two ultrasound-assisted pretreatment technologies, ultrasound-assisted alkaline and ultrasound-assisted aqueous ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), are compared systematically in regard to enzymatic saccharification. 29413915 2 50 theme Scanning 558:565 arg1 NMR 499:501 solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 487:591 NMR 499:501 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 50 theme Scanning 558:565 arg1 SEM 588:590 SEM 588:590 SEM 588:590 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 2 50 theme Scanning 558:565 arg1 microscope 576:585 Scanning electron microscope 558:585 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 558:591 Pretreated Eucalyptus samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, 13C cross polarization/magic-angle spinning solid state NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemistry composition analysis. 29413915 3 51 theme microstructure 727:740 arg1 level 742:746 the microstructure level 723:746 the microstructure level 723:746 These results not only explain the enzymatic saccharification difference between samples from the microstructure level, but also provide helpful information for relevant pretreatment research. 29413915 5 52 from strategy 1108:1115 arg1 field 1124:1128 the field 1120:1128 the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages 1120:1177 The pretreatment combining inexpensive aqueous ionic liquid and ultrasound may provide a promising strategy in the field of bio-refinery because of its unique advantages. 29449596 7 0 theme pathologic 1515:1524 arg1 conditions 1526:1535 pathologic conditions 1515:1535 pathologic conditions 1515:1535 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 6 1 theme cellular 1366:1373 arg1 properties 1384:1393 cellular adhesion properties 1366:1393 cellular adhesion properties 1366:1393 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 6 2 theme adhesion 1375:1382 arg1 properties 1384:1393 cellular adhesion properties 1366:1393 cellular adhesion properties 1366:1393 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 4 3 theme different 665:673 arg1 sources 675:681 different sources 665:681 different sources 665:681 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 4 theme cells 939:943 arg1 interactions 630:641 the interactions 626:641 the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 626:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 4 theme cells 939:943 arg1 prototype 914:922 a prototype 912:922 a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment 912:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 3 5 theme amyloidogenic 424:436 arg1 bio-nanomaterials 533:549 promising bio-nanomaterials 523:549 promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties 523:596 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 3 5 theme amyloidogenic 424:436 arg1 polypeptides 438:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 7 6 theme interactions 1455:1466 arg1 understanding 1434:1446 a better understanding 1425:1446 a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials 1425:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 6 7 theme cell 1307:1310 arg1 growth 1312:1317 fibroblasts' cell growth 1294:1317 fibroblasts' cell growth 1294:1317 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 5 8 theme first 1032:1036 arg1 time 1038:1041 the first time 1028:1041 the first time 1028:1041 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 4 9 with interactions 630:641 arg1 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 9 with interactions 630:641 arg1 peptides 769:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides 732:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 732:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 5 10 theme aggregation 1158:1168 arg1 kinetics 1170:1177 aggregation kinetics 1158:1177 aggregation kinetics 1158:1177 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 4 11 theme cell 839:842 arg1 viability 844:852 cell viability 839:852 cell viability 839:852 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 2 12 theme amyloid 332:338 arg1 formation 340:348 amyloid formation 332:348 amyloid formation 332:348 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 5 13 from differences 1059:1069 arg1 length 1118:1123 chain length 1112:1123 chain length 1112:1123 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 5 13 from differences 1059:1069 arg1 pattern 1100:1106 their sulfation pattern 1084:1106 their sulfation pattern 1084:1106 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 3 14 theme unique 564:569 arg1 properties 587:596 their unique and interesting properties 558:596 their unique and interesting properties 558:596 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 6 15 theme balance 1343:1349 arg1 parameters 1323:1332 parameters 1323:1332 parameters 1323:1332 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 6 15 theme balance 1343:1349 arg1 growth 1312:1317 fibroblasts' cell growth 1294:1317 fibroblasts' cell growth 1294:1317 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 7 16 from component 1489:1497 arg1 aging 1502:1506 aging 1502:1506 aging 1502:1506 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 7 16 from component 1489:1497 arg1 conditions 1526:1535 pathologic conditions 1515:1535 pathologic conditions 1515:1535 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 4 17 theme cell 858:861 arg1 behavior 863:870 cell behavior 858:870 cell behavior 858:870 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 18 theme elastin-like 756:767 arg1 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 18 theme elastin-like 756:767 arg1 peptides 769:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides 732:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 732:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 6 19 theme redox 1337:1341 arg1 balance 1343:1349 redox balance 1337:1349 redox balance 1337:1349 Furthermore, these fibrils do not negatively affect fibroblasts' cell growth and parameters of redox balance, and influence cellular adhesion properties. 29449596 3 20 theme supposed 466:473 arg1 role 486:489 their supposed pathogenic role 460:489 their supposed pathogenic role 460:489 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 4 21 theme amyloidogenic 742:754 arg1 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 21 theme amyloidogenic 742:754 arg1 peptides 769:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides 732:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 732:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 5 22 theme amyloid-like 1183:1194 arg1 formation 1203:1211 amyloid-like fibril formation 1183:1211 amyloid-like fibril formation 1183:1211 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 4 23 theme mesenchymal 927:937 arg1 cells 939:943 mesenchymal cells 927:943 mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment 927:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 1 24 theme Heparan 108:114 arg1 sulfates 116:123 Heparan sulfates 108:123 Heparan sulfates (HSs) 108:129 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 1 24 theme Heparan 108:114 arg1 HSs 126:128 HSs 126:128 HSs 126:128 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 1 25 theme various 211:217 arg1 constituents 226:237 various matrix constituents 211:237 various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides 211:282 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 0 26 theme Heparan 0:6 arg1 sulfates 8:15 Heparan sulfates 0:15 Heparan sulfates 0:15 Heparan sulfates facilitate harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides. 29449596 4 27 theme HSs 646:648 arg1 interactions 630:641 the interactions 626:641 the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 626:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 27 theme HSs 646:648 arg1 prototype 914:922 a prototype 912:922 a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment 912:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 1 28 link elastin-derived 259:273 arg1 peptides 275:282 elastin-derived peptides 259:282 elastin-derived peptides 259:282 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 2 29 theme cytotoxic 366:374 arg1 properties 376:385 cytotoxic properties 366:385 cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils 366:406 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 1 30 theme matrix 219:224 arg1 constituents 226:237 various matrix constituents 211:237 various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides 211:282 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 0 31 theme harmless 28:35 arg1 formation 58:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation 28:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides 28:105 Heparan sulfates facilitate harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides. 29449596 7 32 theme better 1427:1432 arg1 understanding 1434:1446 a better understanding 1425:1446 a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials 1425:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 3 33 theme due 551:553 arg1 bio-nanomaterials 533:549 promising bio-nanomaterials 523:549 promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties 523:596 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 3 33 theme due 551:553 arg1 polypeptides 438:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 4 34 theme various 698:704 arg1 degree 706:711 exhibiting various degree 687:711 exhibiting various degree of sulfation 687:724 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 35 theme interactions 823:834 arg1 effects 806:812 the effects 802:812 the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts 802:906 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 36 theme sulfation 716:724 arg1 sources 675:681 different sources 665:681 different sources 665:681 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 36 theme sulfation 716:724 arg1 degree 706:711 exhibiting various degree 687:711 exhibiting various degree of sulfation 687:724 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 0 37 theme fibril 51:56 arg1 formation 58:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation 28:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides 28:105 Heparan sulfates facilitate harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides. 29449596 3 38 theme interesting 575:585 arg1 properties 587:596 their unique and interesting properties 558:596 their unique and interesting properties 558:596 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 4 39 theme synthetic 732:740 arg1 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 ELPs 779:782 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 39 theme synthetic 732:740 arg1 peptides 769:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides 732:776 synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs) 732:783 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 3 40 theme promising 523:531 arg1 bio-nanomaterials 533:549 promising bio-nanomaterials 523:549 promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties 523:596 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 3 40 theme promising 523:531 arg1 polypeptides 438:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 amyloidogenic polypeptides 424:449 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 0 41 theme amyloidogenic 37:49 arg1 formation 58:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation 28:66 harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides 28:105 Heparan sulfates facilitate harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides. 29449596 5 42 with HSs 1049:1051 arg1 differences 1059:1069 differences 1059:1069 differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length 1059:1123 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 4 43 theme cultured 887:894 arg1 fibroblasts 896:906 vitro cultured fibroblasts 881:906 vitro cultured fibroblasts 881:906 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 3 44 theme pathogenic 475:484 arg1 role 486:489 their supposed pathogenic role 460:489 their supposed pathogenic role 460:489 Interestingly, amyloidogenic polypeptides, despite their supposed pathogenic role, have been recently explored as promising bio-nanomaterials due to their unique and interesting properties. 29449596 4 45 theme soft 967:970 arg1 environment 990:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 5 46 theme sulfation 1090:1098 arg1 pattern 1100:1106 their sulfation pattern 1084:1106 their sulfation pattern 1084:1106 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 4 47 theme exhibiting 687:696 arg1 degree 706:711 exhibiting various degree 687:711 exhibiting various degree of sulfation 687:724 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 7 48 theme biomaterials 1604:1615 arg1 development 1566:1576 the development 1562:1576 the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials 1562:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 2 49 theme fibrils 400:406 arg1 properties 376:385 cytotoxic properties 366:385 cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils 366:406 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 4 50 from effects 806:812 arg1 viability 844:852 cell viability 839:852 cell viability 839:852 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 4 50 from effects 806:812 arg1 behavior 863:870 cell behavior 858:870 cell behavior 858:870 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 7 51 dep interactions 1455:1466 arg1 altering 1468:1475 altering 1468:1475 altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions 1468:1535 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 7 51 dep interactions 1455:1466 arg1 pave 1545:1548 pave 1545:1548 may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials 1541:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 4 52 theme tissue 983:988 arg1 environment 990:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 5 53 theme chain 1112:1116 arg1 length 1118:1123 chain length 1112:1123 chain length 1112:1123 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 2 54 theme protein 302:308 arg1 moieties 310:317 protein moieties 302:317 protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils 302:406 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 7 55 theme elastic 1481:1487 arg1 component 1489:1497 the elastic component 1477:1497 the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions 1477:1535 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 1 56 theme tissue 140:145 arg1 elasticity 147:156 tissue elasticity 140:156 tissue elasticity 140:156 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 1 57 theme elastin-derived 259:273 arg1 peptides 275:282 elastin-derived peptides 259:282 elastin-derived peptides 259:282 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 4 58 theme connective 972:981 arg1 environment 990:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 the soft connective tissue environment 963:1000 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 7 59 theme composite 1581:1589 arg1 biomaterials 1604:1615 composite matrix-based biomaterials 1581:1615 composite matrix-based biomaterials 1581:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 1 60 theme physiopathological 161:178 arg1 conditions 180:189 physiopathological conditions 161:189 physiopathological conditions 161:189 Heparan sulfates (HSs) modulate tissue elasticity in physiopathological conditions by interacting with various matrix constituents as tropoelastin and elastin-derived peptides. 29449596 2 61 theme insoluble 390:398 arg1 fibrils 400:406 insoluble fibrils 390:406 insoluble fibrils 390:406 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 0 62 theme elastin-like 85:96 arg1 peptides 98:105 elastin-like peptides 85:105 elastin-like peptides 85:105 Heparan sulfates facilitate harmless amyloidogenic fibril formation interacting with elastin-like peptides. 29449596 7 63 theme matrix-based 1591:1602 arg1 biomaterials 1604:1615 composite matrix-based biomaterials 1581:1615 composite matrix-based biomaterials 1581:1615 Data provide information for a better understanding of the interactions altering the elastic component in aging and in pathologic conditions and may pave the way for the development of composite matrix-based biomaterials. 29449596 4 64 theme vitro 881:885 arg1 fibroblasts 896:906 vitro cultured fibroblasts 881:906 vitro cultured fibroblasts 881:906 Therefore, we investigated the interactions of HSs, obtained from different sources and exhibiting various degree of sulfation, with synthetic amyloidogenic elastin-like peptides (ELPs), also looking at the effects of these interactions on cell viability and cell behavior using in vitro cultured fibroblasts, as a prototype of mesenchymal cells known to modulate the soft connective tissue environment. 29449596 5 65 theme fibril 1196:1201 arg1 formation 1203:1211 amyloid-like fibril formation 1183:1211 amyloid-like fibril formation 1183:1211 Results demonstrate, for the first time, that HSs, with differences depending on their sulfation pattern and chain length, interact with ELPs accelerating aggregation kinetics and amyloid-like fibril formation as well as self-association. 29449596 2 66 dep moieties 310:317 arg1 influencing 354:364 influencing 354:364 influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils 354:406 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 29449596 2 66 dep moieties 310:317 arg1 accelerating 319:330 accelerating 319:330 accelerating amyloid formation 319:348 HSs bind also to protein moieties accelerating amyloid formation and influencing cytotoxic properties of insoluble fibrils. 30553356 0 0 theme burn 101:104 arg1 skin 106:109 burn skin 101:109 burn skin 101:109 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as a novel substitute for burn skin and tissue regeneration. 30553356 6 1 theme MMT 1005:1007 arg1 loading 994:1000 the loading 990:1000 the loading of MMT onto surface and BC matrix 990:1034 Physico-chemical characterization confirmed the loading of MMT onto surface and BC matrix. 30553356 7 2 theme clear 1076:1080 arg1 zone 1093:1096 clear inhibitory zone 1076:1096 clear inhibitory zone 1076:1096 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites showed clear inhibitory zone against the tested pathogens. 30553356 4 3 theme Citrobacter 728:738 arg1 fruendii 740:747 Citrobacter fruendii 728:747 Citrobacter fruendii 728:747 The antimicrobial activities of composites were tested against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Citrobacter fruendii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30553356 1 4 theme antimicrobial 253:265 arg1 property 267:274 antimicrobial property 253:274 antimicrobial property 253:274 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 8 5 theme healthy 1270:1276 arg1 granulation 1278:1288 healthy granulation 1270:1288 healthy granulation 1270:1288 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 9 6 dep skin 1412:1415 arg1 substitute 1417:1426 substitute 1417:1426 substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1417:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 7 7 theme MMTs-BC 1046:1052 arg1 nanocomposites 1054:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1037:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1037:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites showed clear inhibitory zone against the tested pathogens. 30553356 2 8 theme healing 367:373 arg1 property 375:382 wound healing property 361:382 wound healing property of BC 361:388 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 1 9 theme property 267:274 arg1 lack 245:248 lack 245:248 lack of antimicrobial property 245:274 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 3 10 theme Designed 550:557 arg1 nanocomposites 559:572 Designed nanocomposites 550:572 Designed nanocomposites 550:572 Designed nanocomposites were characterized through Fe-SEM, FTIR and XRD. 30553356 5 11 theme burn 929:932 arg1 model 939:943 burn mice model 929:943 burn mice model 929:943 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 9 12 theme skin 1463:1466 arg1 engineering 1475:1485 skin tissue engineering 1463:1485 skin tissue engineering 1463:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 8 13 theme MMTs-BC 1158:1164 arg1 nanocomposites 1166:1179 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1149:1179 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1149:1179 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 7 14 theme Modified 1037:1044 arg1 nanocomposites 1054:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1037:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1037:1067 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites showed clear inhibitory zone against the tested pathogens. 30553356 1 15 theme promising 166:174 arg1 cellulose 146:154 Bacterial cellulose 136:154 Bacterial cellulose (BC) 136:159 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 1 15 theme promising 166:174 arg1 biopolymer 176:185 a promising biopolymer 164:185 a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties 164:239 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 0 16 theme tissue 115:120 arg1 regeneration 122:133 tissue regeneration 115:133 tissue regeneration 115:133 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as a novel substitute for burn skin and tissue regeneration. 30553356 9 17 theme tissue 1468:1473 arg1 engineering 1475:1485 skin tissue engineering 1463:1485 skin tissue engineering 1463:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 8 18 theme modified 1149:1156 arg1 nanocomposites 1166:1179 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1149:1179 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1149:1179 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 9 19 theme MMTs-BC 1353:1359 arg1 nanocomposites 1361:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 9 19 theme MMTs-BC 1353:1359 arg1 skin 1412:1415 a novel artificial skin 1393:1415 a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1393:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 5 20 theme mice 934:937 arg1 model 939:943 burn mice model 929:943 burn mice model 929:943 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 5 21 theme healing 875:881 arg1 activities 883:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities 845:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites 845:910 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 6 22 theme Physico-chemical 946:961 arg1 characterization 963:978 Physico-chemical characterization 946:978 Physico-chemical characterization 946:978 Physico-chemical characterization confirmed the loading of MMT onto surface and BC matrix. 30553356 9 23 used used 1385:1388 arg2 nanocomposites 1361:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 9 23 used used 1385:1388 arg2 skin 1412:1415 a novel artificial skin 1393:1415 a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1393:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 2 24 theme antimicrobial 395:407 arg1 activity 409:416 antimicrobial activity 395:416 antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) 395:499 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 25 theme montmorillonites 456:471 arg1 activity 409:416 antimicrobial activity 395:416 antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) 395:499 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 1 26 theme biomedical 287:296 arg1 applications 298:309 its biomedical applications 283:309 its biomedical applications 283:309 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 2 27 dep montmorillonites 456:471 arg1 montmorillonites 456:471 modified montmorillonites 447:471 modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) 447:499 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 27 dep montmorillonites 456:471 arg1 Ca-MMT 493:498 Ca-MMT 493:498 Ca-MMT 493:498 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 27 dep montmorillonites 456:471 arg1 Na-MMT 482:487 Na-MMT 482:487 Na-MMT 482:487 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 27 dep montmorillonites 456:471 arg1 Cu-MMT 474:479 Cu-MMT 474:479 Cu-MMT 474:479 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 1 28 theme wound 192:196 arg1 healing 198:204 wound healing 192:204 wound healing 192:204 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 2 29 theme modified 447:454 arg1 montmorillonites 456:471 modified montmorillonites 447:471 modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) 447:499 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 29 theme modified 447:454 arg1 Ca-MMT 493:498 Ca-MMT 493:498 Ca-MMT 493:498 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 29 theme modified 447:454 arg1 Na-MMT 482:487 Na-MMT 482:487 Na-MMT 482:487 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 29 theme modified 447:454 arg1 Cu-MMT 474:479 Cu-MMT 474:479 Cu-MMT 474:479 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 2 30 dep artificial 517:526 arg1 substitute 528:537 substitute 528:537 substitute 528:537 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 9 31 theme modified 1344:1351 arg1 nanocomposites 1361:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 9 31 theme modified 1344:1351 arg1 skin 1412:1415 a novel artificial skin 1393:1415 a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1393:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 2 32 theme current 323:329 arg1 study 331:335 current study 323:335 current study 323:335 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 4 33 theme composites 655:664 arg1 activities 641:650 The antimicrobial activities 623:650 The antimicrobial activities of composites 623:664 The antimicrobial activities of composites were tested against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Citrobacter fruendii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30553356 0 34 theme modified 15:22 arg1 cellulose 50:58 modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose 15:58 modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose 15:58 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as a novel substitute for burn skin and tissue regeneration. 30553356 8 35 theme enhanced 1191:1198 arg1 activity 1214:1221 enhanced wound healing activity 1191:1221 enhanced wound healing activity 1191:1221 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 5 36 theme Tissue 845:850 arg1 regeneration 852:863 Tissue regeneration 845:863 Tissue regeneration 845:863 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 1 37 theme tissue 210:215 arg1 properties 230:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 0 38 theme cellulose 50:58 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose 0:58 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as a novel substitute for burn skin and tissue regeneration. 30553356 5 39 theme regeneration 852:863 arg1 activities 883:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities 845:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites 845:910 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 0 40 theme montmorillonite-bacterial 24:48 arg1 cellulose 50:58 modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose 15:58 modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose 15:58 Development of modified montmorillonite-bacterial cellulose nanocomposites as a novel substitute for burn skin and tissue regeneration. 30553356 7 41 theme tested 1110:1115 arg1 pathogens 1117:1125 the tested pathogens 1106:1125 the tested pathogens 1106:1125 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites showed clear inhibitory zone against the tested pathogens. 30553356 1 42 theme regenerative 217:228 arg1 properties 230:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 6 43 theme BC 1026:1027 arg1 matrix 1029:1034 BC matrix 1026:1034 BC matrix 1026:1034 Physico-chemical characterization confirmed the loading of MMT onto surface and BC matrix. 30553356 8 44 theme tissue 1228:1233 arg1 regeneration 1235:1246 tissue regeneration 1228:1246 tissue regeneration 1228:1246 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 9 45 theme novel 1395:1399 arg1 skin 1412:1415 a novel artificial skin 1393:1415 a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1393:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 9 45 theme novel 1395:1399 arg1 nanocomposites 1361:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 2 46 theme wound 361:365 arg1 healing 367:373 wound healing 361:373 wound healing property of BC 361:388 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 5 47 theme wound 869:873 arg1 healing 875:881 wound healing 869:881 wound healing 869:881 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 8 48 theme wound 1200:1204 arg1 healing 1206:1212 wound healing 1200:1212 enhanced wound healing activity 1191:1221 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 9 49 theme artificial 1401:1410 arg1 skin 1412:1415 a novel artificial skin 1393:1415 a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering 1393:1485 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 9 49 theme artificial 1401:1410 arg1 nanocomposites 1361:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites 1344:1374 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 1 50 theme Bacterial 136:144 arg1 cellulose 146:154 Bacterial cellulose 136:154 Bacterial cellulose (BC) 136:159 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 1 50 theme Bacterial 136:144 arg1 biopolymer 176:185 a promising biopolymer 164:185 a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties 164:239 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 1 50 theme Bacterial 136:144 arg1 BC 157:158 BC 157:158 BC 157:158 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 1 51 with biopolymer 176:185 arg1 properties 230:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 tissue regenerative properties 210:239 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 1 51 with biopolymer 176:185 arg1 healing 198:204 wound healing 192:204 wound healing 192:204 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising biopolymer with wound healing and tissue regenerative properties but lack of antimicrobial property limits its biomedical applications. 30553356 7 52 theme inhibitory 1082:1091 arg1 zone 1093:1096 clear inhibitory zone 1076:1096 clear inhibitory zone 1076:1096 Modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites showed clear inhibitory zone against the tested pathogens. 30553356 2 53 theme montmorillonite 421:435 arg1 activity 409:416 antimicrobial activity 395:416 antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) 395:499 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 5 54 theme composites 901:910 arg1 activities 883:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities 845:892 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites 845:910 Tissue regeneration and wound healing activities of the composites were assessed in burn mice model. 30553356 2 55 theme BC 387:388 arg1 property 375:382 wound healing property 361:382 wound healing property of BC 361:388 Therefore, current study was proposed to combine wound healing property of BC with antimicrobial activity of montmorillonite (MMT) and modified montmorillonites (Cu-MMT, Na-MMT and Ca-MMT) to design novel artificial substitute for burns. 30553356 9 56 theme burn 1432:1435 arg1 patients 1437:1444 burn patients 1432:1444 burn patients 1432:1444 These findings demonstrated that modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites could be used as a novel artificial skin substitute for burn patients and scaffold for skin tissue engineering. 30553356 8 57 theme healing 1206:1212 arg1 activity 1214:1221 enhanced wound healing activity 1191:1221 enhanced wound healing activity 1191:1221 Animals treated with modified MMTs-BC nanocomposites exhibited enhanced wound healing activity with tissue regeneration, reepithelialization, healthy granulation and vascularization. 30553356 4 58 theme antimicrobial 627:639 arg1 activities 641:650 The antimicrobial activities 623:650 The antimicrobial activities of composites 623:664 The antimicrobial activities of composites were tested against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Citrobacter fruendii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 30044516 0 0 theme Oligosaccharides 101:116 arg1 Polymerization 70:83 Enzymatic Polymerization 60:83 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 0:117 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 2 1 theme wall 400:403 arg1 components 405:414 other cell wall components 389:414 other cell wall components 389:414 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 0 2 theme Arabinoxylan 88:99 arg1 Oligosaccharides 101:116 Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides 88:116 Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides 88:116 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 5 3 theme adsorption 793:802 arg1 experiments 804:814 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments 771:814 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces 771:837 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 6 4 theme artificial 992:1001 arg1 polysaccharides 1003:1017 The artificial polysaccharides 988:1017 The artificial polysaccharides 988:1017 The artificial polysaccharides allow structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means. 30044516 2 5 theme cell 395:398 arg1 components 405:414 other cell wall components 389:414 other cell wall components 389:414 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 4 6 theme glycosynthase-catalyzed 666:688 arg1 polymerization 690:703 glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization 666:703 glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 666:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 30044516 2 7 with polysaccharides 432:446 arg1 units 471:475 defined repeating units 453:475 defined repeating units 453:475 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 4 8 theme glycosyl 708:715 arg1 fluorides 717:725 glycosyl fluorides 708:725 glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 708:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 30044516 5 9 theme synthetic 891:899 arg1 polysaccharides 901:915 the synthetic polysaccharides 887:915 the synthetic polysaccharides 887:915 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 2 10 theme features 325:332 arg1 impact 295:300 the impact 291:300 the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components 291:414 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 5 11 theme polysaccharides 901:915 arg1 properties 873:882 the physicochemical properties 853:882 the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides 853:915 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 6 12 theme other 1092:1096 arg1 means 1098:1102 other means 1092:1102 other means 1092:1102 The artificial polysaccharides allow structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means. 30044516 2 13 theme structural 314:323 arg1 features 325:332 specific structural features 305:332 specific structural features of the polysaccharides 305:355 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 5 14 theme substitution 965:976 arg1 patterns 978:985 their substitution patterns 959:985 their substitution patterns 959:985 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 2 15 theme specific 305:312 arg1 features 325:332 specific structural features 305:332 specific structural features of the polysaccharides 305:355 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 2 16 theme polysaccharides 432:446 arg1 collections 417:427 collections 417:427 collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units 417:475 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 5 17 theme patterns 978:985 arg1 nature 949:954 the specific nature 936:954 the specific nature of their substitution patterns 936:985 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 5 18 theme specific 940:947 arg1 nature 949:954 the specific nature 936:954 the specific nature of their substitution patterns 936:985 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 3 19 with polysaccharides 552:566 arg1 patterns 606:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 0 20 theme Tailormade 0:9 arg1 Polysaccharides 11:25 Tailormade Polysaccharides 0:25 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 0:117 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 5 21 theme diffraction 777:787 arg1 experiments 804:814 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments 771:814 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces 771:837 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 0 22 theme Defined 32:38 arg1 Patterns 50:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 2 23 theme polysaccharides 341:355 arg1 features 325:332 specific structural features 305:332 specific structural features of the polysaccharides 305:355 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 5 24 theme physicochemical 857:871 arg1 properties 873:882 the physicochemical properties 853:882 the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides 853:915 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 3 25 theme altered 588:594 arg1 patterns 606:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 1 26 theme molecular 233:241 arg1 structure 243:251 molecular structure 233:251 molecular structure 233:251 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 5 27 theme X-ray 771:775 arg1 diffraction 777:787 X-ray diffraction 771:787 X-ray diffraction 771:787 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 2 28 from impact 295:300 arg1 affinity 377:384 affinity 377:384 affinity 377:384 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 2 28 from impact 295:300 arg1 crystallinity 360:372 crystallinity 360:372 crystallinity 360:372 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 2 29 theme repeating 461:469 arg1 units 471:475 defined repeating units 453:475 defined repeating units 453:475 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 0 30 theme Branching 40:48 arg1 Patterns 50:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 5 31 from experiments 804:814 arg1 surfaces 830:837 cellulosic surfaces 819:837 cellulosic surfaces 819:837 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 4 32 attach derived 727:733 arg1 oligosaccharides 753:768 arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 740:768 arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 740:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 30044516 4 32 attach derived 727:733 arg2 fluorides 717:725 glycosyl fluorides 708:725 glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 708:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 30044516 2 33 theme defined 453:459 arg1 units 471:475 defined repeating units 453:475 defined repeating units 453:475 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 0 34 theme Enzymatic 60:68 arg1 Polymerization 70:83 Enzymatic Polymerization 60:83 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 0:117 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 5 35 theme cellulosic 819:828 arg1 surfaces 830:837 cellulosic surfaces 819:837 cellulosic surfaces 819:837 X-ray diffraction and adsorption experiments on cellulosic surfaces revealed that the physicochemical properties of the synthetic polysaccharides strongly depend on the specific nature of their substitution patterns. 30044516 2 36 theme other 389:393 arg1 components 405:414 other cell wall components 389:414 other cell wall components 389:414 To study the impact of specific structural features of the polysaccharides on crystallinity or affinity to other cell wall components, collections of polysaccharides with defined repeating units are required. 30044516 4 37 theme fluorides 717:725 arg1 polymerization 690:703 glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization 666:703 glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 666:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 30044516 6 38 theme relationship 1044:1055 arg1 studies 1057:1063 structure-property relationship studies 1025:1063 structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means 1025:1102 The artificial polysaccharides allow structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means. 30044516 0 39 with Polysaccharides 11:25 arg1 Patterns 50:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Defined Branching Patterns 32:57 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 1 40 theme non-cellulosic 147:160 arg1 polysaccharides 162:176 non-cellulosic polysaccharides 147:176 non-cellulosic polysaccharides 147:176 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 1 40 theme non-cellulosic 147:160 arg1 arabinoxylan 187:198 arabinoxylan 187:198 arabinoxylan 187:198 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 6 41 theme structure-property 1025:1042 arg1 studies 1057:1063 structure-property relationship studies 1025:1063 structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means 1025:1102 The artificial polysaccharides allow structure-property relationship studies that are not accessible by other means. 30044516 1 42 theme polysaccharides 162:176 arg1 nature 137:142 The heterogeneous nature 119:142 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, 119:199 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 1 43 theme heterogeneous 123:135 arg1 nature 137:142 The heterogeneous nature 119:142 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, 119:199 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 1 44 theme macroscopic 258:268 arg1 properties 270:279 macroscopic properties 258:279 macroscopic properties 258:279 The heterogeneous nature of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as arabinoxylan, makes it difficult to correlate molecular structure with macroscopic properties. 30044516 3 45 theme arabinoxylan 539:550 arg1 polysaccharides 552:566 artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides 528:566 artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns 528:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 3 46 theme artificial 528:537 arg1 polysaccharides 552:566 artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides 528:566 artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns 528:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 3 47 theme chemoenzymatic 501:514 arg1 approach 516:523 a chemoenzymatic approach 499:523 a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns 499:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 0 48 dep Polysaccharides 11:25 arg1 Polymerization 70:83 Enzymatic Polymerization 60:83 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 0:117 Tailormade Polysaccharides with Defined Branching Patterns: Enzymatic Polymerization of Arabinoxylan Oligosaccharides. 30044516 3 49 theme branching 596:604 arg1 patterns 606:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 systematically altered branching patterns 573:613 Herein, a chemoenzymatic approach to artificial arabinoxylan polysaccharides with systematically altered branching patterns is described. 30044516 4 50 theme arabinoxylan 740:751 arg1 oligosaccharides 753:768 arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 740:768 arabinoxylan oligosaccharides 740:768 The polysaccharides were obtained by glycosynthase-catalyzed polymerization of glycosyl fluorides derived from arabinoxylan oligosaccharides. 31520702 1 0 theme specific 312:319 arg1 area 329:332 high specific surface area 307:332 high specific surface area 307:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 1 theme sodium 171:176 arg1 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 1 theme sodium 171:176 arg1 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 1 theme sodium 171:176 arg1 alginate 178:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 140:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) 140:190 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 2 theme CS 248:249 arg1 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 2 theme CS 248:249 arg1 hydroxyapatite 252:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite 223:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 2 3 theme protection 450:459 arg1 fields 426:431 the fields 422:431 the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance 422:587 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 1 4 theme surface 321:327 arg1 area 329:332 high specific surface area 307:332 high specific surface area 307:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 3 5 theme wastewater 636:645 arg1 capacity 624:631 its treatment capacity 610:631 its treatment capacity of wastewater 610:645 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 6 6 from regeneration 1047:1058 arg1 undamaged 1030:1038 undamaged 1030:1038 undamaged 1030:1038 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 7 7 theme alginate 1197:1204 arg1 role 1151:1154 the role 1147:1154 the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates 1147:1225 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 3 8 theme eriochromeblue 660:673 arg1 experiments 701:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 2 9 theme regeneration 564:575 arg1 performance 577:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 2 10 with protection 450:459 arg1 property 520:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 2 10 with protection 450:459 arg1 strength 546:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 2 10 with protection 450:459 arg1 area 493:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 2 10 with protection 450:459 arg1 performance 577:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 5 11 theme ionic 868:872 arg1 bonds 874:878 ionic bonds 868:878 ionic bonds 868:878 Electrostatic interaction, ionic bonds and physical adsorption were responsible for the interactions between the EBBR and CHCM. 31520702 1 12 theme hydroxyapatite 252:265 arg1 CHCM 296:299 CHCM 296:299 CHCM 296:299 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 12 theme hydroxyapatite 252:265 arg1 microspheres 282:293 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres 223:293 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 0 13 theme polluted 110:117 arg1 water 119:123 polluted water 110:123 polluted water 110:123 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 6 14 dep maintained 989:998 arg1 confirmed 1079:1087 confirmed 1079:1087 confirmed its stability for cyclical usage 1079:1120 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 2 15 theme good 559:562 arg1 performance 577:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 good regeneration performance 559:587 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 7 16 theme useful 1238:1243 arg1 products 1245:1252 useful products 1238:1252 useful products 1238:1252 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 7 17 theme wide 1269:1272 arg1 applications 1274:1285 potential wide applications 1259:1285 potential wide applications 1259:1285 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 5 18 dep EBBR 954:957 arg1 the 950:952 the 950:952 the 950:952 Electrostatic interaction, ionic bonds and physical adsorption were responsible for the interactions between the EBBR and CHCM. 31520702 2 19 theme surface 485:491 arg1 area 493:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 3 20 theme adsorption 690:699 arg1 experiments 701:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 4 21 theme adsorption 806:815 arg1 capacity 817:824 a maximum adsorption capacity 796:824 a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g 796:838 The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g. 31520702 2 22 theme specific 476:483 arg1 area 493:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 1 23 theme new 339:341 arg1 route 343:347 a new route 337:347 a new route combining ion exchange and calcination 337:386 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 2 24 theme environmental 436:448 arg1 protection 450:459 environmental protection 436:459 environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance 436:587 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 4 25 theme equilibrium 735:745 arg1 data 747:750 The equilibrium data 731:750 The equilibrium data 731:750 The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g. 31520702 7 26 theme product 1182:1188 arg1 alginate 1197:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 1159:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates 1159:1225 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 0 27 theme alginate 7:14 arg1 hydroxyapatite/calcium 26:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 3 28 theme EBBR 684:687 arg1 experiments 701:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 1 29 with microspheres 282:293 arg1 area 329:332 high specific surface area 307:332 high specific surface area 307:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 7 30 theme natural 1159:1165 arg1 alginate 1197:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 1159:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates 1159:1225 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 5 31 theme Electrostatic 841:853 arg1 interaction 855:865 Electrostatic interaction 841:865 Electrostatic interaction 841:865 Electrostatic interaction, ionic bonds and physical adsorption were responsible for the interactions between the EBBR and CHCM. 31520702 0 32 theme Sodium 0:5 arg1 hydroxyapatite/calcium 26:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 4 33 theme 76.80 mg/g 829:838 arg1 capacity 817:824 a maximum adsorption capacity 796:824 a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g 796:838 The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g. 31520702 2 34 theme important 404:412 arg1 role 414:417 an important role 401:417 an important role 401:417 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 6 35 from undamaged 1030:1038 arg1 regeneration 1047:1058 the regeneration 1043:1058 the regeneration 1043:1058 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 0 36 theme templated 16:24 arg1 hydroxyapatite/calcium 26:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium 0:47 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 1 37 theme composite 272:280 arg1 CHCM 296:299 CHCM 296:299 CHCM 296:299 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 37 theme composite 272:280 arg1 microspheres 282:293 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres 223:293 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 6 38 theme undamaged 1030:1038 arg1 experiments 1060:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 0 39 theme composite 58:66 arg1 adsorbents 68:77 composite adsorbents 58:77 composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water 58:123 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 2 40 theme adsorptive 509:518 arg1 property 520:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 1 41 theme ion 359:361 arg1 exchange 363:370 ion exchange 359:370 ion exchange 359:370 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 6 42 theme spherical 1009:1017 arg1 experiments 1060:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 2 43 theme excellent 499:507 arg1 property 520:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 excellent adsorptive property 499:527 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 4 44 theme Langmuir 773:780 arg1 isotherm 782:789 the Langmuir isotherm 769:789 the Langmuir isotherm 769:789 The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g. 31520702 7 45 theme sodium 1190:1195 arg1 alginate 1197:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 1159:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates 1159:1225 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 2 46 theme large 470:474 arg1 area 493:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 its large specific surface area 466:496 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 3 47 theme treatment 614:622 arg1 capacity 624:631 its treatment capacity 610:631 its treatment capacity of wastewater 610:645 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 6 48 theme cyclical 1107:1114 arg1 usage 1116:1120 cyclical usage 1107:1120 cyclical usage 1107:1120 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 5 49 theme physical 884:891 arg1 adsorption 893:902 physical adsorption 884:902 physical adsorption 884:902 Electrostatic interaction, ionic bonds and physical adsorption were responsible for the interactions between the EBBR and CHCM. 31520702 3 50 theme black 675:679 arg1 experiments 701:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 4 51 theme maximum 798:804 arg1 capacity 817:824 a maximum adsorption capacity 796:824 a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g 796:838 The equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.80 mg/g. 31520702 7 52 theme potential 1259:1267 arg1 applications 1274:1285 potential wide applications 1259:1285 potential wide applications 1259:1285 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 31520702 2 53 theme mechanical 535:544 arg1 strength 546:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 6 54 theme complete 1000:1007 arg1 experiments 1060:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments 1000:1070 Meanwhile, the CHCM maintained complete spherical and almost undamaged in the regeneration experiments, which confirmed its stability for cyclical usage. 31520702 3 55 theme experiments 701:711 arg1 series 650:655 a series 648:655 a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 648:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 1 56 theme porous 223:228 arg1 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 56 theme porous 223:228 arg1 hydroxyapatite 252:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite 223:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 2 57 theme high 530:533 arg1 strength 546:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 high mechanical strength 530:553 CHCM played an important role in the fields of environmental protection with its large specific surface area, excellent adsorptive property, high mechanical strength and good regeneration performance. 31520702 0 58 from water 119:123 arg1 removal 97:103 efficient dye removal 83:103 efficient dye removal from polluted water 83:123 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 1 59 theme natural 140:146 arg1 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 59 theme natural 140:146 arg1 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 59 theme natural 140:146 arg1 alginate 178:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 140:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) 140:190 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 60 theme calcium 230:236 arg1 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 60 theme calcium 230:236 arg1 hydroxyapatite 252:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite 223:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 0 61 theme dye 93:95 arg1 removal 97:103 efficient dye removal 83:103 efficient dye removal from polluted water 83:123 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 1 62 theme polysaccharide 148:161 arg1 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 62 theme polysaccharide 148:161 arg1 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 62 theme polysaccharide 148:161 arg1 alginate 178:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 140:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) 140:190 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 63 theme silicate 238:245 arg1 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 HA 268:269 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 63 theme silicate 238:245 arg1 hydroxyapatite 252:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite 223:265 porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area 223:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 0 64 theme efficient 83:91 arg1 removal 97:103 efficient dye removal 83:103 efficient dye removal from polluted water 83:123 Sodium alginate templated hydroxyapatite/calcium silicate composite adsorbents for efficient dye removal from polluted water. 31520702 1 65 theme high 307:310 arg1 area 329:332 high specific surface area 307:332 high specific surface area 307:332 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 3 66 theme R 681:681 arg1 experiments 701:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments 660:711 In order to explore its treatment capacity of wastewater, a series of eriochromeblue black R (EBBR) adsorption experiments were carried out. 31520702 1 67 theme product 163:169 arg1 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 templates 202:210 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 67 theme product 163:169 arg1 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 SA 188:189 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 1 67 theme product 163:169 arg1 alginate 178:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 140:185 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) 140:190 In this work, natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate (SA) served as templates to prepare porous calcium silicate (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite microspheres (CHCM) with high specific surface area by a new route combining ion exchange and calcination. 31520702 7 68 theme polysaccharide 1167:1180 arg1 alginate 1197:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate 1159:1204 natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates 1159:1225 This paper demonstrates the role of natural polysaccharide product sodium alginate serving as templates to prepare useful products with potential wide applications. 30236682 2 0 with analysis 202:209 arg1 incorporation 240:252 the incorporation 236:252 the incorporation of dietary fibers 236:270 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 5 1 theme fibers 783:788 arg1 ultrastructure 745:758 the ultrastructure 741:758 the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers 741:788 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 5 1 theme fibers 783:788 arg1 profile 715:721 the pasting profile 703:721 the pasting profile of composites 703:735 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 0 2 from Incorporation 0:12 arg1 dough 45:49 the cookie dough 34:49 the cookie dough 34:49 Incorporation of dietary fiber on the cookie dough. 30236682 1 3 from Effects 52:58 arg1 properties 71:80 thermal properties 63:80 thermal properties 63:80 Effects on thermal properties and water availability. 30236682 1 3 from Effects 52:58 arg1 availability 92:103 water availability 86:103 water availability 86:103 Effects on thermal properties and water availability. 30236682 4 4 dep flour 588:592 arg1 the 584:586 the 584:586 the 584:586 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 7 5 theme granules 1056:1063 arg1 hydration 1024:1032 the hydration 1020:1032 the hydration of wheat flour starch granules 1020:1063 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 7 6 theme wheat 1037:1041 arg1 granules 1056:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 2 7 theme fibers 265:270 arg1 incorporation 240:252 the incorporation 236:252 the incorporation of dietary fibers 236:270 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 3 8 theme oat 312:314 arg1 fiber 316:320 oat fiber 312:320 oat fiber (OF) 312:325 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 1 9 theme thermal 63:69 arg1 properties 71:80 thermal properties 63:80 thermal properties 63:80 Effects on thermal properties and water availability. 30236682 3 10 theme phosphate 365:373 arg1 RSIV 395:398 RSIV 395:398 RSIV 395:398 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 3 10 theme phosphate 365:373 arg1 distarch-phosphate 375:392 phosphate distarch-phosphate 365:392 phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV) 365:399 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 7 11 theme flour 1043:1047 arg1 granules 1056:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 3 12 theme high 328:331 arg1 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 3 12 theme high 328:331 arg1 starch 347:352 high amylose maize starch 328:352 high amylose maize starch (RSII) 328:359 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 4 13 theme profile 472:478 arg1 analysis 480:487 pasting profile analysis 464:487 pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent 464:542 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 7 14 theme highest 967:973 arg1 reduction 975:983 the highest reduction 963:983 the highest reduction 963:983 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 0 15 theme cookie 38:43 arg1 dough 45:49 the cookie dough 34:49 the cookie dough 34:49 Incorporation of dietary fiber on the cookie dough. 30236682 0 16 theme fiber 25:29 arg1 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation of dietary fiber on the cookie dough 0:49 Incorporation of dietary fiber on the cookie dough. 30236682 4 17 theme pasting 464:470 arg1 analysis 480:487 pasting profile analysis 464:487 pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent 464:542 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 3 18 dep inulin 299:304 arg1 IN 307:308 IN 307:308 IN 307:308 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 1 19 theme water 86:90 arg1 availability 92:103 water availability 86:103 water availability 86:103 Effects on thermal properties and water availability. 30236682 0 20 theme dietary 17:23 arg1 fiber 25:29 dietary fiber 17:29 dietary fiber 17:29 Incorporation of dietary fiber on the cookie dough. 30236682 4 21 theme particle 615:622 arg1 distribution 629:640 particle size distribution 615:640 particle size distribution 615:640 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 5 22 theme wheat 767:771 arg1 flour 773:777 the wheat flour 763:777 the wheat flour 763:777 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 6 23 theme water 843:847 arg1 loss 849:852 dough water loss 837:852 dough water loss 837:852 OF and IN incorporation changed substantially dough water loss profile and rate. 30236682 7 24 theme pasting 929:935 arg1 profile 937:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 7 25 theme starch 1049:1054 arg1 granules 1056:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 wheat flour starch granules 1037:1063 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 2 26 theme dough 225:229 arg1 analysis 202:209 the thermo-gravimetric analysis 179:209 the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers 179:270 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 5 27 theme composites 726:735 arg1 ultrastructure 745:758 the ultrastructure 741:758 the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers 741:788 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 5 27 theme composites 726:735 arg1 profile 715:721 the pasting profile 703:721 the pasting profile of composites 703:735 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 5 28 theme thermo-gravimetric 658:675 arg1 profile 677:683 the thermo-gravimetric profile 654:683 the thermo-gravimetric profile 654:683 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 6 29 theme dough 837:841 arg1 loss 849:852 dough water loss 837:852 dough water loss 837:852 OF and IN incorporation changed substantially dough water loss profile and rate. 30236682 2 30 theme water 146:150 arg1 mobility 152:159 the water mobility 142:159 the water mobility 142:159 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 2 31 theme cookie 218:223 arg1 dough 225:229 the cookie dough 214:229 the cookie dough 214:229 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 3 32 theme amylose 333:339 arg1 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 3 32 theme amylose 333:339 arg1 starch 347:352 high amylose maize starch 328:352 high amylose maize starch (RSII) 328:359 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 3 33 theme maize 341:345 arg1 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 RSII 355:358 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 3 33 theme maize 341:345 arg1 starch 347:352 high amylose maize starch 328:352 high amylose maize starch (RSII) 328:359 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 7 34 theme starch 922:927 arg1 profile 937:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 5 35 from Changes 643:649 arg1 profile 677:683 the thermo-gravimetric profile 654:683 the thermo-gravimetric profile 654:683 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 4 36 theme flour 588:592 arg1 ultrastructure 566:579 the ultrastructure 562:579 the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution 562:640 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 3 37 dep fiber 316:320 arg1 OF 323:324 OF 323:324 OF 323:324 The fibers analyzed were: inulin (IN), oat fiber (OF), high amylose maize starch (RSII) and phosphate distarch-phosphate (RSIV). 30236682 2 38 theme thermo-gravimetric 183:200 arg1 analysis 202:209 the thermo-gravimetric analysis 179:209 the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers 179:270 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 7 39 theme fibers 888:893 arg1 addition 876:883 The addition 872:883 The addition of fibers 872:893 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 4 40 theme size 624:627 arg1 distribution 629:640 particle size distribution 615:640 particle size distribution 615:640 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 41 theme 50 519:520 arg1 % 521:521 % 521:521 % 521:521 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 2 42 theme dietary 257:263 arg1 fibers 265:270 dietary fibers 257:270 dietary fibers 257:270 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 4 43 theme thermo-gravimetric 429:446 arg1 TGA 458:460 TGA 458:460 TGA 458:460 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 43 theme thermo-gravimetric 429:446 arg1 analysis 448:455 thermo-gravimetric analysis 429:455 thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) 429:461 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 44 theme fiber 598:602 arg1 ultrastructure 566:579 the ultrastructure 562:579 the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution 562:640 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 7 45 from decrease 906:913 arg1 profile 937:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 the starch pasting profile 918:943 The addition of fibers produced a decrease in the starch pasting profile and inulin showed the highest reduction since less water was available for the hydration of wheat flour starch granules. 30236682 4 46 theme ultrastructure 566:579 arg1 analysis 480:487 pasting profile analysis 464:487 pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent 464:542 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 46 theme ultrastructure 566:579 arg1 study 553:557 the study 549:557 the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution 549:640 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 46 theme ultrastructure 566:579 arg1 TGA 458:460 TGA 458:460 TGA 458:460 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 46 theme ultrastructure 566:579 arg1 analysis 448:455 thermo-gravimetric analysis 429:455 thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) 429:461 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 47 theme sucrose 523:529 arg1 solvent 536:542 a solvent 534:542 a solvent 534:542 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 47 theme sucrose 523:529 arg1 water 495:499 water 495:499 water 495:499 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 4 47 theme sucrose 523:529 arg1 solution 507:514 a solution 505:514 a solution of 50% sucrose 505:529 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 30236682 2 48 theme present 113:119 arg1 work 121:124 the present work 109:124 the present work 109:124 In the present work it was analyzed the water mobility by characterizing the thermo-gravimetric analysis of the cookie dough with the incorporation of dietary fibers. 30236682 5 49 theme pasting 707:713 arg1 profile 715:721 the pasting profile 703:721 the pasting profile of composites 703:735 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 5 50 theme flour 773:777 arg1 ultrastructure 745:758 the ultrastructure 741:758 the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers 741:788 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 5 50 theme flour 773:777 arg1 profile 715:721 the pasting profile 703:721 the pasting profile of composites 703:735 Changes in the thermo-gravimetric profile were explained by the pasting profile of composites and the ultrastructure of the wheat flour and fibers. 30236682 4 51 theme % 521:521 arg1 sucrose 523:529 50% sucrose 519:529 50% sucrose 519:529 Four tests were performed: thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), pasting profile analysis using water and a solution of 50% sucrose as a solvent, and the study of the ultrastructure of the flour and fiber by SEM and particle size distribution. 31826502 7 0 dep efforts 1044:1050 arg1 remove 1143:1148 remove 1143:1148 remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications 1143:1208 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 7 1 theme simple 1099:1104 arg1 operation 1106:1114 simple operation 1099:1114 simple operation 1099:1114 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 2 2 theme treatment 336:344 arg1 technology 346:355 an eco-friendly treatment technology 320:355 an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency 320:406 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 0 3 theme metal 88:92 arg1 ions 94:97 heavy metal ions 82:97 heavy metal ions 82:97 Bacterial cellulose/attapulgite magnetic composites as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dye treatment. 31826502 2 4 theme eco-friendly 323:334 arg1 technology 346:355 an eco-friendly treatment technology 320:355 an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency 320:406 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 0 5 theme dye 103:105 arg1 treatment 107:115 dye treatment 103:115 dye treatment 103:115 Bacterial cellulose/attapulgite magnetic composites as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dye treatment. 31826502 3 6 theme biomass-based 468:480 arg1 structure 482:490 biomass-based structure 468:490 biomass-based structure 468:490 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 7 theme attapulgite/chitosan 504:523 arg1 composite 534:542 attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite 504:542 attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 504:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 1 8 theme inorganic 244:252 arg1 anions 254:259 inorganic anions 244:259 inorganic anions 244:259 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 4 9 theme metal 710:714 arg1 Cu2+ 737:740 Cu2+ 737:740 Cu2+ 737:740 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 9 theme metal 710:714 arg1 Cr6+ 747:750 Cr6+ 747:750 Cr6+ 747:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 9 theme metal 710:714 arg1 Pb2+ 731:734 Pb2+ 731:734 Pb2+ 731:734 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 9 theme metal 710:714 arg1 ions 716:719 various metal ions 702:719 various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ 702:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 10 theme various 702:708 arg1 Cu2+ 737:740 Cu2+ 737:740 Cu2+ 737:740 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 10 theme various 702:708 arg1 Cr6+ 747:750 Cr6+ 747:750 Cr6+ 747:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 10 theme various 702:708 arg1 Pb2+ 731:734 Pb2+ 731:734 Pb2+ 731:734 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 10 theme various 702:708 arg1 ions 716:719 various metal ions 702:719 various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ 702:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 7 11 theme multifunctional 1063:1077 arg1 purifier 1085:1092 a multifunctional water purifier 1061:1092 a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation 1061:1114 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 5 12 theme adsorption 803:812 arg1 process 814:820 The adsorption process 799:820 The adsorption process 799:820 The adsorption process could be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order equation. 31826502 2 13 theme low 378:380 arg1 cost 382:385 low cost 378:385 low cost 378:385 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 7 14 theme future 1180:1185 arg1 applications 1197:1208 future practical applications 1180:1208 future practical applications 1180:1208 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 5 15 theme pseudo-second 868:880 arg1 equation 888:895 pseudo-second order equation 868:895 pseudo-second order equation 868:895 The adsorption process could be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order equation. 31826502 7 16 theme water 1079:1083 arg1 purifier 1085:1092 a multifunctional water purifier 1061:1092 a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation 1061:1114 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 2 17 theme easy 362:365 arg1 operation 367:375 easy operation 362:375 easy operation 362:375 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 3 18 with composite 534:542 arg1 nanofibrils 569:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils 549:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 549:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 18 with composite 534:542 arg1 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 19 theme ATP/CS 526:531 arg1 composite 534:542 attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite 504:542 attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 504:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 2 20 theme high 392:395 arg1 efficiency 397:406 high efficiency 392:406 high efficiency 392:406 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 0 21 theme magnetic 32:39 arg1 composites 41:50 magnetic composites 32:50 magnetic composites 32:50 Bacterial cellulose/attapulgite magnetic composites as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dye treatment. 31826502 0 21 theme magnetic 32:39 arg1 adsorbent 68:76 adsorbent 68:76 adsorbent 68:76 Bacterial cellulose/attapulgite magnetic composites as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dye treatment. 31826502 4 22 theme adsorption 672:681 arg1 capacities 683:692 efficient adsorption capacities 662:692 efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ 662:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 22 theme adsorption 672:681 arg1 red 794:796 red 794:796 red 794:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 1 23 theme various 196:202 arg1 organics 266:273 organics 266:273 organics 266:273 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 1 23 theme various 196:202 arg1 pollutants 204:213 various pollutants 196:213 various pollutants 196:213 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 1 23 theme various 196:202 arg1 metals 236:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 1 23 theme various 196:202 arg1 anions 254:259 inorganic anions 244:259 inorganic anions 244:259 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 7 24 theme practical 1187:1195 arg1 applications 1197:1208 future practical applications 1180:1208 future practical applications 1180:1208 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 1 25 theme pollutants 204:213 arg1 release 185:191 the release 181:191 the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics 181:273 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 4 26 theme efficient 662:670 arg1 capacities 683:692 efficient adsorption capacities 662:692 efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+ 662:750 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 26 theme efficient 662:670 arg1 red 794:796 red 794:796 red 794:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 6 27 theme adsorption-desorption 975:995 arg1 cycles 997:1002 five adsorption-desorption cycles 970:1002 five adsorption-desorption cycles 970:1002 Additionally, the adsorption capacity only decreased less than 8% after five adsorption-desorption cycles. 31826502 5 28 theme Langmuir 846:853 arg1 isotherm 855:862 Langmuir isotherm 846:862 Langmuir isotherm 846:862 The adsorption process could be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order equation. 31826502 3 29 theme bacterial 549:557 arg1 nanofibrils 569:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils 549:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 549:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 29 theme bacterial 549:557 arg1 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 7 30 with purifier 1085:1092 arg1 operation 1106:1114 simple operation 1099:1114 simple operation 1099:1114 We expect our design will inspire more efforts to build a multifunctional water purifier with simple operation, and hopefully effectively remove pollutants from wastewater in future practical applications. 31826502 3 31 theme purifier 448:455 arg1 design 429:434 a design 427:434 a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 427:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 32 theme cellulose 559:567 arg1 nanofibrils 569:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils 549:579 bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs) 549:586 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 32 theme cellulose 559:567 arg1 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 BCNs 582:585 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 1 33 theme recent 121:126 arg1 decades 128:134 recent decades 121:134 recent decades 121:134 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 4 34 theme anionic 757:763 arg1 dyes 773:776 anionic organic dyes 757:776 anionic organic dyes including Congo red 757:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 34 theme anionic 757:763 arg1 red 794:796 red 794:796 red 794:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 5 35 theme order 882:886 arg1 equation 888:895 pseudo-second order equation 868:895 pseudo-second order equation 868:895 The adsorption process could be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order equation. 31826502 3 36 theme magnetic 439:446 arg1 purifier 448:455 magnetic purifier 439:455 magnetic purifier 439:455 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 0 37 theme heavy 82:86 arg1 ions 94:97 heavy metal ions 82:97 heavy metal ions 82:97 Bacterial cellulose/attapulgite magnetic composites as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dye treatment. 31826502 2 38 with technology 346:355 arg1 efficiency 397:406 high efficiency 392:406 high efficiency 392:406 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 2 38 with technology 346:355 arg1 operation 367:375 easy operation 362:375 easy operation 362:375 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 2 38 with technology 346:355 arg1 cost 382:385 low cost 378:385 low cost 378:385 It is imperative but challenging to develop an eco-friendly treatment technology with easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency. 31826502 4 39 theme similar 601:607 arg1 materials 609:617 similar materials 601:617 similar materials reported previously 601:637 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 1 40 theme increased 137:145 arg1 activities 158:167 increased industrial activities 137:167 increased industrial activities 137:167 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 1 41 theme toxic 224:228 arg1 metals 236:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 3 42 contain has 464:466 arg1 purifier 448:455 magnetic purifier 439:455 magnetic purifier 439:455 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 3 42 contain has 464:466 arg2 structure 482:490 biomass-based structure 468:490 biomass-based structure 468:490 Here, we describe a design of magnetic purifier, which has biomass-based structure by blending attapulgite/chitosan (ATP/CS) composite with bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNs). 31826502 4 43 theme organic 765:771 arg1 dyes 773:776 anionic organic dyes 757:776 anionic organic dyes including Congo red 757:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 4 43 theme organic 765:771 arg1 red 794:796 red 794:796 red 794:796 Compared to similar materials reported previously, our product exhibited efficient adsorption capacities towards various metal ions including Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cr6+, and anionic organic dyes including Congo red. 31826502 1 44 theme industrial 147:156 arg1 activities 158:167 increased industrial activities 137:167 increased industrial activities 137:167 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826502 6 45 theme adsorption 916:925 arg1 capacity 927:934 the adsorption capacity 912:934 the adsorption capacity 912:934 Additionally, the adsorption capacity only decreased less than 8% after five adsorption-desorption cycles. 31826502 1 46 theme heavy 230:234 arg1 metals 236:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 toxic heavy metals 224:241 In recent decades, increased industrial activities have led to the release of various pollutants, such as toxic heavy metals, inorganic anions, and organics. 31826522 6 0 from applications 1119:1130 arg1 devices 1146:1152 biomedical devices 1135:1152 biomedical devices 1135:1152 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 5 1 theme hydrogen 903:910 arg1 interaction 920:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction 892:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers 892:982 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 2 2 theme mechanical 352:361 arg1 testing 363:369 mechanical testing 352:369 mechanical testing 352:369 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 6 3 theme specific 989:996 arg1 nanostructure 998:1010 The specific nanostructure 985:1010 The specific nanostructure 985:1010 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 4 4 theme films 729:733 arg1 biocompatibility 685:700 the ideal biocompatibility 675:700 the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films 675:733 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 3 5 theme % 535:535 arg1 modulus 551:557 a Young's modulus 541:557 a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa 541:568 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 5 theme % 535:535 arg1 strength 488:495 a high tensile strength 473:495 a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% 473:535 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 1 6 theme Chitosan-silk 64:76 arg1 films 91:95 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films 64:95 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures 64:123 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 6 7 theme biomedical 1135:1144 arg1 devices 1146:1152 biomedical devices 1135:1152 biomedical devices 1135:1152 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 5 8 theme strong 896:901 arg1 interaction 920:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction 892:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers 892:982 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 1 9 from casting 163:169 arg1 acid 215:218 formic acid 208:218 formic acid 208:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 1 10 theme biocomposite 78:89 arg1 films 91:95 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films 64:95 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures 64:123 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 4 11 theme cell 638:641 arg1 experiment 651:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 6 12 theme promising 1096:1104 arg1 material 1106:1113 a promising material 1094:1113 a promising material for applications in biomedical devices 1094:1152 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 5 13 theme mechanical 761:770 arg1 result 741:746 a result 739:746 a result 739:746 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 13 theme mechanical 761:770 arg1 properties 772:781 the superior mechanical properties 748:781 the superior mechanical properties of this composite film 748:804 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 2 14 theme chitosan-silk 280:292 arg1 biocomposite 294:305 the chitosan-silk biocomposite 276:305 the chitosan-silk biocomposite 276:305 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 5 15 theme composite 791:799 arg1 film 801:804 this composite film 786:804 this composite film 786:804 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 16 theme superior 752:759 arg1 result 741:746 a result 739:746 a result 739:746 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 16 theme superior 752:759 arg1 properties 772:781 the superior mechanical properties 748:781 the superior mechanical properties of this composite film 748:804 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 3 17 theme Young 543:547 arg1 modulus 551:557 a Young's modulus 541:557 a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa 541:568 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 1 18 theme co-dissolved 192:203 arg1 casting 163:169 facile solution casting 147:169 facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid 147:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 0 19 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 preparation 7:17 Facile preparation 0:17 Facile preparation of a strong chitosan-silk 0:43 Facile preparation of a strong chitosan-silk biocomposite film. 31826522 1 20 theme nanofibrous 102:112 arg1 structures 114:123 nanofibrous structures 102:123 nanofibrous structures 102:123 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 3 21 theme chitosan-silk 440:452 arg1 ratio 454:458 a chitosan-silk ratio 438:458 a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 438:465 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 5 22 theme film 801:804 arg1 result 741:746 a result 739:746 a result 739:746 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 22 theme film 801:804 arg1 properties 772:781 the superior mechanical properties 748:781 the superior mechanical properties of this composite film 748:804 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 23 theme silk 944:947 arg1 nanofibril 949:958 the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers 940:982 nanofibril 949:958 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 1 24 theme formic 208:213 arg1 acid 215:218 formic acid 208:218 formic acid 208:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 4 25 theme composite 719:727 arg1 films 729:733 chitosan-silk composite films 705:733 chitosan-silk composite films 705:733 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 2 26 theme biocomposite 294:305 arg1 structure 237:245 structure 237:245 structure 237:245 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 2 26 theme biocomposite 294:305 arg1 properties 262:271 mechanical properties 251:271 mechanical properties 251:271 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 2 26 theme biocomposite 294:305 arg1 morphology 225:234 morphology 225:234 morphology 225:234 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 1 27 theme chitosan 174:181 arg1 casting 163:169 facile solution casting 147:169 facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid 147:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 2 28 dep morphology 225:234 arg1 The 221:223 The 221:223 The 221:223 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 0 29 theme chitosan-silk 31:43 arg1 preparation 7:17 Facile preparation 0:17 Facile preparation of a strong chitosan-silk 0:43 Facile preparation of a strong chitosan-silk biocomposite film. 31826522 4 30 theme ideal 679:683 arg1 biocompatibility 685:700 the ideal biocompatibility 675:700 the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films 675:733 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 3 31 theme 3.5 GPa 562:568 arg1 modulus 551:557 a Young's modulus 541:557 a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa 541:568 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 31 theme 3.5 GPa 562:568 arg1 strength 488:495 a high tensile strength 473:495 a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% 473:535 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 4 32 theme preliminary 626:636 arg1 experiment 651:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 3 33 theme 3:1 463:465 arg1 ratio 454:458 a chitosan-silk ratio 438:458 a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 438:465 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 1 34 with films 91:95 arg1 structures 114:123 nanofibrous structures 102:123 nanofibrous structures 102:123 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 0 35 theme strong 24:29 arg1 chitosan-silk 31:43 a strong chitosan-silk 22:43 a strong chitosan-silk 22:43 Facile preparation of a strong chitosan-silk biocomposite film. 31826522 5 36 theme silk 831:834 arg1 nanofibrils 836:846 the silk nanofibrils 827:846 the silk nanofibrils 827:846 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 3 37 theme prepared 405:412 arg1 films 427:431 the prepared biocomposite films 401:431 the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 401:465 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 5 38 theme chitosan 852:859 arg1 nanofibers 876:885 chitosan self-assembled nanofibers 852:885 chitosan self-assembled nanofibers 852:885 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 39 theme chitosan 964:971 arg1 nanofibers 973:982 the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers 940:982 nanofibers 973:982 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 3 40 theme high 475:478 arg1 strength 488:495 a high tensile strength 473:495 a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% 473:535 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 41 theme biocomposite 414:425 arg1 films 427:431 the prepared biocomposite films 401:431 the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 401:465 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 42 theme 97.8 MPa 500:507 arg1 modulus 551:557 a Young's modulus 541:557 a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa 541:568 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 42 theme 97.8 MPa 500:507 arg1 strength 488:495 a high tensile strength 473:495 a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% 473:535 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 43 theme high 586:589 arg1 strength 591:598 its high strength 582:598 its high strength 582:598 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 44 with films 427:431 arg1 ratio 454:458 a chitosan-silk ratio 438:458 a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 438:465 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 45 theme tensile 480:486 arg1 strength 488:495 a high tensile strength 473:495 a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% 473:535 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 5 46 theme self-assembled 861:874 arg1 nanofibers 876:885 chitosan self-assembled nanofibers 852:885 chitosan self-assembled nanofibers 852:885 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 5 47 theme bonding 912:918 arg1 interaction 920:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction 892:930 the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers 892:982 As a result the superior mechanical properties of this composite film can be attributed to the silk nanofibrils and chitosan self-assembled nanofibers, and the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the silk nanofibril and chitosan nanofibers. 31826522 6 48 theme biocomposite 1075:1086 arg1 films 1088:1092 the biocomposite films 1071:1092 the biocomposite films 1071:1092 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 1 49 theme facile 147:152 arg1 casting 163:169 facile solution casting 147:169 facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid 147:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 4 50 theme chitosan-silk 705:717 arg1 films 729:733 chitosan-silk composite films 705:733 chitosan-silk composite films 705:733 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 1 51 theme solution 154:161 arg1 casting 163:169 facile solution casting 147:169 facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid 147:218 Chitosan-silk biocomposite films with nanofibrous structures have been prepared by facile solution casting of chitosan and silk co-dissolved in formic acid. 31826522 6 52 theme mechanical 1022:1031 arg1 properties 1033:1042 enhanced mechanical properties 1013:1042 enhanced mechanical properties 1013:1042 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 31826522 2 53 theme mechanical 251:260 arg1 properties 262:271 mechanical properties 251:271 mechanical properties 251:271 The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the chitosan-silk biocomposite were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG-DSC, and mechanical testing. 31826522 4 54 theme culture 643:649 arg1 experiment 651:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 the preliminary cell culture experiment 622:660 Also, the preliminary cell culture experiment demonstrated the ideal biocompatibility of chitosan-silk composite films. 31826522 3 55 from break 522:526 arg1 97.8 MPa 500:507 97.8 MPa 500:507 97.8 MPa 500:507 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 3 55 from break 522:526 arg1 strain 512:517 a strain 510:517 a strain at break 510:526 The results demonstrate that the prepared biocomposite films with a chitosan-silk ratio of 3:1 shows a high tensile strength of 97.8 MPa, a strain at break of 10.8% and a Young's modulus of 3.5 GPa, indicating its high strength and elasticity. 31826522 6 56 theme enhanced 1013:1020 arg1 properties 1033:1042 enhanced mechanical properties 1013:1042 enhanced mechanical properties 1013:1042 The specific nanostructure, enhanced mechanical properties, and biocompatibility make the biocomposite films a promising material for applications in biomedical devices. 30076755 9 0 from amounts 1547:1553 arg1 present 1525:1531 present 1525:1531 present 1525:1531 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 7 1 theme reference 990:998 arg1 standards 1000:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards 963:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics 963:1089 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 1 2 theme known 165:169 arg1 benefits 178:185 known health benefits 165:185 known health benefits 165:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 3 theme human 255:259 arg1 HMOS 284:287 HMOS 284:287 HMOS 284:287 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 3 theme human 255:259 arg1 oligosaccharides 266:281 human milk oligosaccharides 255:281 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) 255:288 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 0 4 theme Reference 81:89 arg1 Standards 91:99 Reference Standards 81:99 Reference Standards 81:99 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 1 5 theme health 171:176 arg1 benefits 178:185 known health benefits 165:185 known health benefits 165:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 6 theme milk 261:264 arg1 HMOS 284:287 HMOS 284:287 HMOS 284:287 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 6 theme milk 261:264 arg1 oligosaccharides 266:281 human milk oligosaccharides 255:281 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) 255:288 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 0 7 theme xCGE-LIF 105:112 arg1 Analysis 136:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 8 8 with electrophoresis 1318:1332 arg1 detection 1366:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection 1339:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1339:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 8 with electrophoresis 1318:1332 arg1 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 7 9 theme novel 971:975 arg1 standards 1000:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards 963:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics 963:1089 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 8 10 theme fluorescence 1353:1364 arg1 detection 1366:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection 1339:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1339:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 10 theme fluorescence 1353:1364 arg1 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 2 11 dep rare 337:340 arg1 structures 378:387 structures 378:387 structures 378:387 The unique diversity of HMOS includes several rare, complex, and high molecular weight structures. 30076755 3 12 theme limited 553:559 arg1 access 561:566 the limited access 549:566 the limited access to suitable standards 549:588 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 8 13 theme laser-induced 1339:1351 arg1 detection 1366:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection 1339:1374 laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1339:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 13 theme laser-induced 1339:1351 arg1 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 xCGE-LIF 1377:1384 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 14 theme performance 1280:1290 arg1 electrophoresis 1318:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis 1275:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1275:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 0 15 theme High-Throughput 120:134 arg1 Analysis 136:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 8 16 theme high 1275:1278 arg1 electrophoresis 1318:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis 1275:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1275:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 17 theme one-pot 1242:1248 arg1 synthesis 1250:1258 a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1224:1258 a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1224:1258 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 9 18 theme chained 1456:1462 arg1 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 18 theme chained 1456:1462 arg1 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 18 theme chained 1456:1462 arg1 isomers 1472:1478 long chained linkage isomers 1451:1478 long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity 1451:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 1 19 theme benefits 178:185 arg1 benefits 178:185 known health benefits 165:185 known health benefits 165:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 19 theme benefits 178:185 arg1 amount 155:160 A rising amount 146:160 A rising amount of known health benefits 146:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 0 20 theme Based 114:118 arg1 Analysis 136:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis 105:143 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 6 21 theme LNnT 890:893 arg1 HMOS 896:899 linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS 823:899 HMOS 896:899 In this study, linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS are tailored far beyond the known naturally occurring length. 30076755 8 22 dep units 1215:1219 arg1 up 1200:1201 up 1200:1201 up 1200:1201 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 3 23 theme structures 443:452 arg1 elucidation 420:430 elucidation 420:430 elucidation 420:430 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 3 23 theme structures 443:452 arg1 identification 401:414 identification 401:414 identification 401:414 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 0 24 theme Cascade 10:16 arg1 Synthesis 18:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis 0:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis 0:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 2 25 theme HMOS 315:318 arg1 diversity 302:310 The unique diversity 291:310 The unique diversity of HMOS 291:318 The unique diversity of HMOS includes several rare, complex, and high molecular weight structures. 30076755 8 26 theme semi-sequential 1226:1240 arg1 one-pot 1242:1248 a semi-sequential one-pot 1224:1248 a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1224:1258 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 0 27 theme Enzymatic 0:8 arg1 Synthesis 18:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis 0:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis 0:26 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 8 28 dep time 1136:1139 arg1 synthesis 1145:1153 the synthesis 1141:1153 the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 1141:1179 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 4 29 theme structural 644:653 arg1 complexity 655:664 their structural complexity 638:664 their structural complexity 638:664 Regarding this, inherent diversity of HMOS and their structural complexity make them difficult to synthesize. 30076755 2 30 theme molecular 361:369 arg1 weight 371:376 high molecular weight 356:376 high molecular weight 356:376 The unique diversity of HMOS includes several rare, complex, and high molecular weight structures. 30076755 3 31 theme suitable 571:578 arg1 standards 580:588 suitable standards 571:588 suitable standards 571:588 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 7 32 dep performance 1049:1059 arg1 analytics 1081:1089 analytics 1081:1089 analytics 1081:1089 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 1 33 theme increased 199:207 arg1 attention 209:217 an increased attention 196:217 an increased attention of science 196:228 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 8 34 theme LNnT 1185:1188 arg1 oligomers 1190:1198 LNnT oligomers 1185:1198 LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1185:1258 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 6 35 theme Lacto-N-neo-type 872:887 arg1 HMOS 896:899 linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS 823:899 HMOS 896:899 In this study, linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS are tailored far beyond the known naturally occurring length. 30076755 2 36 theme unique 295:300 arg1 diversity 302:310 The unique diversity 291:310 The unique diversity of HMOS 291:318 The unique diversity of HMOS includes several rare, complex, and high molecular weight structures. 30076755 3 37 theme daunting 495:502 arg1 challenge 515:523 a daunting analytical challenge 493:523 a daunting analytical challenge 493:523 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 9 38 from present 1525:1531 arg1 amounts 1547:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 39 theme linkage 1464:1470 arg1 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 39 theme linkage 1464:1470 arg1 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 39 theme linkage 1464:1470 arg1 isomers 1472:1478 long chained linkage isomers 1451:1478 long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity 1451:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 40 theme challenging 1483:1493 arg1 similarity 1495:1504 challenging similarity 1483:1504 challenging similarity 1483:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 0 41 theme Novel 37:41 arg1 Oligosaccharides 61:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides 37:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards 37:99 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 6 42 theme occurring 945:953 arg1 length 955:960 the known naturally occurring length 925:960 the known naturally occurring length 925:960 In this study, linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS are tailored far beyond the known naturally occurring length. 30076755 5 43 theme latter 793:798 arg1 issues 800:805 the latter issues 789:805 the latter issues 789:805 The use of recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases offers a common strategy to overcome the latter issues. 30076755 9 44 theme similarity 1495:1504 arg1 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 44 theme similarity 1495:1504 arg1 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 44 theme similarity 1495:1504 arg1 isomers 1472:1478 long chained linkage isomers 1451:1478 long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity 1451:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 45 theme high-throughput 1402:1416 arg1 method 1418:1423 a high-throughput method 1400:1423 a high-throughput method 1400:1423 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 1 46 theme science 222:228 arg1 industry 243:250 nutrient industry 234:250 nutrient industry 234:250 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 46 theme science 222:228 arg1 attention 209:217 an increased attention 196:217 an increased attention of science 196:228 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 0 47 theme Milk 56:59 arg1 Oligosaccharides 61:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides 37:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards 37:99 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 5 48 theme recombinant 712:722 arg1 Leloir-glycosyltransferases 724:750 recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases 712:750 recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases 712:750 The use of recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases offers a common strategy to overcome the latter issues. 30076755 9 49 attach present 1525:1531 arg2 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 49 attach present 1525:1531 arg1 amounts 1547:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 49 attach present 1525:1531 arg2 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 49 attach present 1525:1531 arg2 isomers 1472:1478 long chained linkage isomers 1451:1478 long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity 1451:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 3 50 theme complex 435:441 arg1 structures 443:452 complex structures 435:452 complex structures 435:452 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 8 51 theme first 1130:1134 arg1 time 1136:1139 the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1126:1258 time 1136:1139 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 52 theme capillary 1304:1312 arg1 electrophoresis 1318:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis 1275:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1275:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 0 53 theme Human 50:54 arg1 Oligosaccharides 61:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides 37:76 Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards 37:99 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 6 54 theme known 929:933 arg1 length 955:960 the known naturally occurring length 925:960 the known naturally occurring length 925:960 In this study, linear long-chained Lacto-N-biose-type (LNT) and Lacto-N-neo-type (LNnT) HMOS are tailored far beyond the known naturally occurring length. 30076755 7 55 theme high 1065:1068 arg1 throughput 1070:1079 high throughput 1065:1079 high throughput 1065:1079 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 9 56 theme trace 1541:1545 arg1 amounts 1547:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 trace amounts 1541:1553 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 0 57 dep Novel 37:41 arg1 Linear 43:48 Linear 43:48 Linear 43:48 Enzymatic Cascade Synthesis Provides Novel Linear Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Reference Standards for xCGE-LIF Based High-Throughput Analysis. 30076755 7 58 theme high 1044:1047 arg1 performance 1049:1059 high performance 1044:1059 high performance 1044:1059 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 8 59 theme LNT 1158:1160 arg1 oligomers 1162:1170 LNT oligomers up to 26 1158:1179 LNT oligomers up to 26 1158:1179 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 7 60 theme HMOS 1024:1027 arg1 composition 1029:1039 HMOS composition 1024:1039 HMOS composition 1024:1039 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 8 61 theme multiplexed 1292:1302 arg1 electrophoresis 1318:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis 1275:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1275:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 62 theme oligomers 1162:1170 arg1 synthesis 1145:1153 the synthesis 1141:1153 the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 1141:1179 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 63 from units 1215:1219 arg1 synthesis 1250:1258 a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1224:1258 a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1224:1258 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 64 theme gel 1314:1316 arg1 electrophoresis 1318:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis 1275:1332 high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF) 1275:1385 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 1 65 theme rising 148:153 arg1 benefits 178:185 known health benefits 165:185 known health benefits 165:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 65 theme rising 148:153 arg1 amount 155:160 A rising amount 146:160 A rising amount of known health benefits 146:185 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 1 66 theme nutrient 234:241 arg1 industry 243:250 nutrient industry 234:250 nutrient industry 234:250 A rising amount of known health benefits leads to an increased attention of science and nutrient industry to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS). 30076755 5 67 theme common 761:766 arg1 strategy 768:775 a common strategy 759:775 a common strategy to overcome the latter issues 759:805 The use of recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases offers a common strategy to overcome the latter issues. 30076755 4 68 theme HMOS 629:632 arg1 diversity 616:624 inherent diversity 607:624 inherent diversity of HMOS 607:632 Regarding this, inherent diversity of HMOS and their structural complexity make them difficult to synthesize. 30076755 4 68 theme HMOS 629:632 arg1 complexity 655:664 their structural complexity 638:664 their structural complexity 638:664 Regarding this, inherent diversity of HMOS and their structural complexity make them difficult to synthesize. 30076755 2 69 theme high 356:359 arg1 weight 371:376 high molecular weight 356:376 high molecular weight 356:376 The unique diversity of HMOS includes several rare, complex, and high molecular weight structures. 30076755 9 70 theme long 1451:1454 arg1 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 them 1515:1518 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 70 theme long 1451:1454 arg1 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 some 1507:1510 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 9 70 theme long 1451:1454 arg1 isomers 1472:1478 long chained linkage isomers 1451:1478 long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity 1451:1504 While being a high-throughput method, xCGE-LIF can also handle long chained linkage isomers of challenging similarity, some of them even present only in trace amounts. 30076755 4 71 theme inherent 607:614 arg1 diversity 616:624 inherent diversity 607:624 inherent diversity of HMOS 607:632 Regarding this, inherent diversity of HMOS and their structural complexity make them difficult to synthesize. 30076755 8 72 theme sugar 1209:1213 arg1 units 1215:1219 30 sugar units 1206:1219 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis 1206:1258 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 8 73 dep 26 1178:1179 arg1 to 1175:1176 to 1175:1176 to 1175:1176 It is shown here for the first time the synthesis of LNT oligomers up to 26 and LNnT oligomers up to 30 sugar units in a semi-sequential one-pot synthesis as analyzed by high performance multiplexed capillary gel electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (xCGE-LIF). 30076755 7 74 theme well-defined 977:988 arg1 standards 1000:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards 963:1008 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics 963:1089 Thereby novel well-defined reference standards for screening HMOS composition by high performance and high throughput analytics are provided. 30076755 3 75 theme analytical 504:513 arg1 challenge 515:523 a daunting analytical challenge 493:523 a daunting analytical challenge 493:523 Therefore, identification and elucidation of complex structures, which may occur only in traces, poses a daunting analytical challenge, further complicated by the limited access to suitable standards. 30076755 5 76 theme Leloir-glycosyltransferases 724:750 arg1 use 705:707 The use 701:707 The use of recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases 701:750 The use of recombinant Leloir-glycosyltransferases offers a common strategy to overcome the latter issues. 30600027 0 0 theme Candida 74:80 arg1 albicans 82:89 the yeast Candida albicans 64:89 the yeast Candida albicans 64:89 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 3 1 theme wall 312:315 arg1 component 282:290 the mannan component 271:290 the mannan component of the Candida cell wall 271:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 1 2 theme immuno-compromised 144:161 arg1 patients 163:170 immuno-compromised patients 144:170 immuno-compromised patients 144:170 Infection with Candida albicans can prove lethal in immuno-compromised patients. 30600027 4 3 theme derivatives 553:563 arg1 set 510:512 a set 508:512 a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 508:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 3 theme derivatives 553:563 arg1 derivatives 553:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives 517:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 517:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 0 4 theme yeast 68:72 arg1 albicans 82:89 the yeast Candida albicans 64:89 the yeast Candida albicans 64:89 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 4 5 theme amphoteric 542:551 arg1 derivatives 553:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives 517:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 517:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 6 6 from changes 868:874 arg1 distribution 912:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 6 6 from changes 868:874 arg1 DSQ 892:894 DSQ 892:894 DSQ 892:894 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 6 6 from changes 868:874 arg1 composition 879:889 composition 879:889 composition 879:889 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 6 7 theme NMR 995:997 arg1 spectroscopies 1008:1021 NMR and FTIR spectroscopies 995:1021 spectroscopies 1008:1021 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 7 8 theme OH 1105:1106 arg1 degradation 1108:1118 OH degradation 1105:1118 OH degradation 1105:1118 A protective effect of quaternization against OH degradation was found. 30600027 4 9 theme ultrasonically-treated 672:693 arg1 mannan 695:700 ultrasonically-treated mannan 672:700 ultrasonically-treated mannan 672:700 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 3 10 theme prospective 331:341 arg1 target 343:348 a prospective target 329:348 a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine 329:386 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 3 11 theme amphoteric 245:254 arg1 derivatives 256:266 The amphoteric derivatives 241:266 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall 241:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 6 12 theme FTIR 1003:1006 arg1 spectroscopies 1008:1021 NMR and FTIR spectroscopies 995:1021 spectroscopies 1008:1021 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 8 13 theme chemical 1242:1249 arg1 modification 1251:1262 chemical modification 1242:1262 chemical modification 1242:1262 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis found that the thermal stability of this mannan was also improved by chemical modification. 30600027 7 14 theme quaternization 1082:1095 arg1 effect 1072:1077 A protective effect 1059:1077 A protective effect of quaternization against OH degradation 1059:1118 A protective effect of quaternization against OH degradation was found. 30600027 4 15 theme different 574:582 arg1 degrees 584:590 three different degrees 568:590 three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 568:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 5 16 theme Fenton 841:846 arg1 reaction 848:855 the Fenton reaction 837:855 the Fenton reaction 837:855 These were exposed to free-radical attack by OH, generated in situ by the Fenton reaction. 30600027 1 17 with Infection 92:100 arg1 albicans 115:122 Candida albicans 107:122 Candida albicans 107:122 Infection with Candida albicans can prove lethal in immuno-compromised patients. 30600027 6 18 theme Potential 858:866 arg1 changes 868:874 Potential changes 858:874 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation 858:955 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 7 19 theme protective 1061:1070 arg1 effect 1072:1077 A protective effect 1059:1077 A protective effect of quaternization against OH degradation 1059:1118 A protective effect of quaternization against OH degradation was found. 30600027 8 20 theme thermal 1188:1194 arg1 stability 1196:1204 the thermal stability 1184:1204 the thermal stability of this mannan 1184:1219 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis found that the thermal stability of this mannan was also improved by chemical modification. 30600027 4 21 theme tailor-made 517:527 arg1 derivatives 553:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives 517:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 517:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 22 theme mannan 730:735 arg1 DSCM 750:753 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 22 theme mannan 730:735 arg1 derivatives 737:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives 706:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32) 706:764 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 8 23 theme thermogravimetric 1146:1162 arg1 analysis 1164:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis 1131:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis 1131:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis found that the thermal stability of this mannan was also improved by chemical modification. 30600027 3 24 theme radical 402:408 arg1 processing 410:419 the radical processing 398:419 the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system 398:468 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 3 25 theme mannan 275:280 arg1 component 282:290 the mannan component 271:290 the mannan component of the Candida cell wall 271:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 4 26 theme DSQ 611:613 arg1 0.14-0.38 615:623 DSQ 0.14-0.38 611:623 DSQ 0.14-0.38 611:623 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 26 theme DSQ 611:613 arg1 quaternization 595:608 quaternization 595:608 quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 595:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 0 27 theme cationic 13:20 arg1 derivatives 37:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives 13:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan 13:57 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 6 28 theme free-radical 932:943 arg1 degradation 945:955 free-radical degradation 932:955 free-radical degradation 932:955 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 3 29 theme component 282:290 arg1 derivatives 256:266 The amphoteric derivatives 241:266 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall 241:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 0 30 theme derivatives 37:47 arg1 Stability 0:8 Stability 0:8 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 0:90 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 4 31 theme cationic 529:536 arg1 derivatives 553:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives 517:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 517:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 6 32 theme exclusion 1033:1041 arg1 chromatography 1043:1056 size exclusion chromatography 1028:1056 size exclusion chromatography 1028:1056 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 3 33 theme antigen-presenting 424:441 arg1 cells 443:447 antigen-presenting cells 424:447 antigen-presenting cells of the immune system 424:468 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 0 34 theme amphoteric 26:35 arg1 derivatives 37:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives 13:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan 13:57 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 6 35 theme elemental 975:983 arg1 analysis 985:992 elemental analysis 975:992 elemental analysis 975:992 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 8 36 theme Non-isothermal 1131:1144 arg1 analysis 1164:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis 1131:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis 1131:1171 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis found that the thermal stability of this mannan was also improved by chemical modification. 30600027 2 37 theme common 224:229 arg1 organism 231:238 this common organism 219:238 this common organism 219:238 It is imperative to develop a vaccine against this common organism. 30600027 0 38 theme mannan 52:57 arg1 derivatives 37:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives 13:47 cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan 13:57 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 3 39 theme Candida 299:305 arg1 wall 312:315 the Candida cell wall 295:315 the Candida cell wall 295:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 1 40 theme Candida 107:113 arg1 albicans 115:122 Candida albicans 107:122 Candida albicans 107:122 Infection with Candida albicans can prove lethal in immuno-compromised patients. 30600027 5 41 theme free-radical 789:800 arg1 attack 802:807 free-radical attack 789:807 free-radical attack 789:807 These were exposed to free-radical attack by OH, generated in situ by the Fenton reaction. 30600027 6 42 theme mass 907:910 arg1 distribution 912:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 3 43 theme cell 307:310 arg1 wall 312:315 the Candida cell wall 295:315 the Candida cell wall 295:315 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 8 44 theme mannan 1214:1219 arg1 stability 1196:1204 the thermal stability 1184:1204 the thermal stability of this mannan 1184:1219 Non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis found that the thermal stability of this mannan was also improved by chemical modification. 30600027 4 45 theme mannan 695:700 arg1 DSCM 750:753 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 45 theme mannan 695:700 arg1 modification 656:667 chemical modification 647:667 chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan 647:700 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 45 theme mannan 695:700 arg1 derivatives 737:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives 706:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32) 706:764 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 6 46 theme molar 901:905 arg1 distribution 912:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 molar mass distribution 901:923 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 3 47 theme immune 456:461 arg1 system 463:468 the immune system 452:468 the immune system 452:468 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 4 48 theme degrees 584:590 arg1 derivatives 553:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives 517:563 tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 517:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 3 49 theme system 463:468 arg1 cells 443:447 antigen-presenting cells 424:447 antigen-presenting cells of the immune system 424:468 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 4 50 theme carboxymethylated 712:728 arg1 DSCM 750:753 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 DSCM 0.13-0.32 750:763 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 4 50 theme carboxymethylated 712:728 arg1 derivatives 737:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives 706:747 three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32) 706:764 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 0 51 from albicans 82:89 arg1 Stability 0:8 Stability 0:8 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 0:90 Stability of cationic and amphoteric derivatives of mannan from the yeast Candida albicans. 30600027 6 52 theme size 1028:1031 arg1 chromatography 1043:1056 size exclusion chromatography 1028:1056 size exclusion chromatography 1028:1056 Potential changes in composition, DSQ, and molar mass distribution due to free-radical degradation were monitored by elemental analysis, NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, and size exclusion chromatography. 30600027 4 53 theme quaternization 595:608 arg1 degrees 584:590 three different degrees 568:590 three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) 568:624 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 30600027 3 54 theme vaccine 380:386 arg1 development 358:368 the development 354:368 the development of such a vaccine 354:386 The amphoteric derivatives of the mannan component of the Candida cell wall may present a prospective target for the development of such a vaccine; however, the radical processing by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system is not fully understood. 30600027 4 55 theme chemical 647:654 arg1 modification 656:667 chemical modification 647:667 chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan 647:700 In this work a set of tailor-made cationic and amphoteric derivatives of three different degrees of quaternization (DSQ 0.14-0.38) has been prepared by chemical modification of ultrasonically-treated mannan and three carboxymethylated mannan derivatives (DSCM 0.13-0.32). 29997364 2 0 theme common 367:372 arg1 repellent 381:389 a common insect repellent 365:389 host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) 360:422 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 0 1 theme PMDA/Cyclodextrin 67:83 arg1 Polymer 85:91 Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 55:91 Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 55:91 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 1 2 theme high 159:162 arg1 ratio 182:186 a high surface-to-volume ratio 157:186 a high surface-to-volume ratio 157:186 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. 29997364 3 3 theme diethyl 611:617 arg1 solution 632:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 6 4 theme repellent 1006:1014 arg1 release 991:997 the release 987:997 the release of the repellent 987:1014 The releasing rate and the amount were calculated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the release of the repellent was found to last for over 2 weeks. 29997364 4 5 theme HPLC/UV⁻Vis 694:704 arg1 analysis 706:713 HPLC/UV⁻Vis analysis 694:713 HPLC/UV⁻Vis analysis 694:713 The loading capacity of the system was assessed via HPLC/UV⁻Vis analysis and resulted in 130 mg/g. 29997364 3 6 theme 0.8 532:534 arg1 ± 530:530 ± 530:530 ± 530:530 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 7 7 theme key 1138:1140 arg1 role 1142:1145 a key role 1136:1145 a key role 1136:1145 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 2 8 theme nanosponge 300:309 arg1 microfibers 311:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 7 9 theme high 1155:1158 arg1 capacity 1175:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 4 10 theme loading 646:652 arg1 capacity 654:661 The loading capacity 642:661 The loading capacity of the system 642:675 The loading capacity of the system was assessed via HPLC/UV⁻Vis analysis and resulted in 130 mg/g. 29997364 5 11 theme fibrous 788:794 arg1 samples 819:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 2 12 theme /βCD-based 289:298 arg1 microfibers 311:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 1 13 theme surface-to-volume 164:180 arg1 ratio 182:186 a high surface-to-volume ratio 157:186 a high surface-to-volume ratio 157:186 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. 29997364 5 14 theme releasing 745:753 arg1 behavior 755:762 The releasing behavior 741:762 The releasing behavior 741:762 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 3 15 theme 2.8 526:528 arg1 ± 530:530 ± 530:530 ± 530:530 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 5 16 theme h 881:881 arg1 weeks 889:893 2 weeks 887:893 2 weeks 887:893 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 5 16 theme h 881:881 arg1 period 860:865 a period 858:865 a period of between 24 h 858:881 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 0 17 theme Controlled 0:9 arg1 Release 11:17 Controlled Release 0:17 Controlled Release of DEET 0:25 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 0 18 theme DEET 22:25 arg1 Release 11:17 Controlled Release 0:17 Controlled Release of DEET 0:25 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 6 19 theme releasing 900:908 arg1 rate 910:913 The releasing rate 896:913 The releasing rate 896:913 The releasing rate and the amount were calculated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the release of the repellent was found to last for over 2 weeks. 29997364 5 20 from temperature 842:852 arg1 air 830:832 air 830:832 air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks 830:893 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 2 21 dep host 360:363 arg1 repellent 381:389 a common insect repellent 365:389 host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) 360:422 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 1 22 theme high 194:197 arg1 potential 233:241 a high loading/controlled-release-system potential 192:241 a high loading/controlled-release-system potential 192:241 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. 29997364 2 23 dep repellent 381:389 arg1 N-diethyl-3-toluamide 394:414 N-diethyl-3-toluamide 394:414 N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET) 394:421 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 2 23 dep repellent 381:389 arg1 N 392:392 N 392:392 N 392:392 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 0 24 from Polymer 85:91 arg1 Mats 45:48 Fibrous Mats 37:48 Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 37:91 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 3 25 theme average 498:504 arg1 diameter 514:521 an average fibrous diameter 495:521 an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm 495:537 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 1 26 theme loading/controlled-release-system 199:231 arg1 potential 233:241 a high loading/controlled-release-system potential 192:241 a high loading/controlled-release-system potential 192:241 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. 29997364 7 27 theme sample 1098:1103 arg1 morphology 1105:1114 sample morphology 1098:1114 sample morphology 1098:1114 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 3 28 theme ether 619:623 arg1 solution 632:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 5 29 theme DEET-loaded 796:806 arg1 samples 819:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 5 30 theme nanosponge 808:817 arg1 samples 819:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples 788:825 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 5 31 theme room 837:840 arg1 temperature 842:852 room temperature 837:852 room temperature 837:852 The releasing behavior was followed by leaving fibrous DEET-loaded nanosponge samples in air at room temperature for a period of between 24 h and 2 weeks. 29997364 3 32 theme g/L 607:609 arg1 solution 632:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 7 33 theme effective 1245:1253 arg1 system 1274:1279 an effective controlled-release system 1242:1279 an effective controlled-release system 1242:1279 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 7 34 theme sample 1160:1165 arg1 capacity 1175:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 0 35 theme Fibrous 37:43 arg1 Mats 45:48 Fibrous Mats 37:48 Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 37:91 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 3 36 theme µm 536:537 arg1 diameter 514:521 an average fibrous diameter 495:521 an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm 495:537 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 7 37 theme controlled-release 1255:1272 arg1 system 1274:1279 an effective controlled-release system 1242:1279 an effective controlled-release system 1242:1279 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 7 38 theme loading 1167:1173 arg1 capacity 1175:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 the high sample loading capacity 1151:1182 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 29997364 6 39 theme thermogravimetric 949:965 arg1 TGA 977:979 TGA 977:979 TGA 977:979 The releasing rate and the amount were calculated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the release of the repellent was found to last for over 2 weeks. 29997364 6 39 theme thermogravimetric 949:965 arg1 analysis 967:974 thermogravimetric analysis 949:974 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 949:980 The releasing rate and the amount were calculated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the release of the repellent was found to last for over 2 weeks. 29997364 1 40 theme -based 129:134 arg1 polymers 136:143 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers 94:143 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers 94:143 Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. 29997364 2 41 used used 328:331 arg2 microfibers 311:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 4 42 theme system 670:675 arg1 capacity 654:661 The loading capacity 642:661 The loading capacity of the system 642:675 The loading capacity of the system was assessed via HPLC/UV⁻Vis analysis and resulted in 130 mg/g. 29997364 3 43 theme Fibrous 462:468 arg1 samples 470:476 Fibrous samples 462:476 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm 462:537 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 0 44 theme Electrospun 55:65 arg1 Polymer 85:91 Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 55:91 Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer 55:91 Controlled Release of DEET Loaded on Fibrous Mats from Electrospun PMDA/Cyclodextrin Polymer. 29997364 3 45 theme DEET 626:629 arg1 solution 632:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution 602:639 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 3 46 theme fibrous 506:512 arg1 diameter 514:521 an average fibrous diameter 495:521 an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm 495:537 Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2.8 ± 0.8 µm were obtained and subsequently loaded with DEET, starting from a 10 g/L diethyl ether (DEET) solution. 29997364 2 47 theme pyromellitic 258:269 arg1 microfibers 311:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers 258:321 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 2 48 theme insect 374:379 arg1 repellent 381:389 a common insect repellent 365:389 host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) 360:422 In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (N,N-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. 29997364 7 49 theme chemical 1073:1080 arg1 composition 1082:1092 the chemical composition 1069:1092 the chemical composition 1069:1092 Eventually, both the chemical composition and sample morphology were proven to play a key role for the high sample loading capacity, determining the microfibers' capability to be applied as an effective controlled-release system. 32857019 10 0 theme MC3T3-E1 1530:1537 arg1 cells 1539:1543 MC3T3-E1 cells 1530:1543 MC3T3-E1 cells 1530:1543 Furthermore, confocal experiment revealed that the CA/PCL/CS could also promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 32857019 6 1 theme XPS 996:998 arg1 results 975:981 The results 971:981 The results of FT-IR and XPS 971:998 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 8 2 contain possess 1250:1256 arg2 cytocompatibility 1265:1281 better cytocompatibility 1258:1281 better cytocompatibility 1258:1281 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 8 2 contain possess 1250:1256 arg1 scaffolds 1225:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 6 3 theme perfect 1014:1020 arg1 incorporation 1022:1034 the perfect incorporation 1010:1034 the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS 1010:1053 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 11 4 theme CS 1675:1676 arg1 scaffold 1678:1685 the pure CS scaffold 1666:1685 the pure CS scaffold 1666:1685 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 7 5 theme compressive 1132:1142 arg1 modulus 1144:1150 the compressive modulus 1128:1150 the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel 1128:1173 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 3 6 theme ball 518:521 arg1 milling 523:529 ball milling 518:529 ball milling 518:529 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 11 7 theme scaffold 1678:1685 arg1 interaction 1651:1661 the cell/material interaction 1633:1661 the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold 1633:1685 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 13 8 theme promising 1895:1903 arg1 candidate 1905:1913 a promising candidate 1893:1913 a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering 1893:1941 Thus, it could be considered a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering. 32857019 4 9 theme physiochemical 761:774 arg1 properties 776:785 their physiochemical properties 755:785 their physiochemical properties 755:785 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 5 10 theme CS 958:959 arg1 solution 961:968 CS solution 958:968 CS solution 958:968 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 5 11 with aerogels 905:912 arg1 incorporation 919:931 incorporation 919:931 incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution 919:968 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 12 12 theme mechanical 1744:1753 arg1 property 1755:1762 the mechanical property 1740:1762 the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent 1740:1795 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 4 13 dep in 710:711 arg1 vitro 713:717 vitro 713:717 vitro 713:717 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 5 14 theme satisfying 853:862 arg1 morphology 864:873 satisfying morphology 853:873 satisfying morphology 853:873 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 4 15 theme in 710:711 arg1 experiment 719:728 in vitro experiment 710:728 in vitro experiment 710:728 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 16 theme spectrum 632:639 arg1 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 16 theme spectrum 632:639 arg1 spectroscopy 662:673 infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 615:673 spectroscopy 662:673 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 3 17 theme freeze-drying 535:547 arg1 techniques 549:558 freeze-drying techniques 535:558 freeze-drying techniques 535:558 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 13 18 theme tissue 1924:1929 arg1 engineering 1931:1941 bone tissue engineering 1919:1941 bone tissue engineering 1919:1941 Thus, it could be considered a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering. 32857019 3 19 theme poly 459:462 arg1 nanofibers 487:496 poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers 459:496 poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers 459:496 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 3 20 theme chitosan 391:398 arg1 aerogels 405:412 The chitosan (CS) aerogels 387:412 The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers 387:496 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 6 21 theme FT-IR 986:990 arg1 results 975:981 The results 971:981 The results of FT-IR and XPS 971:998 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 8 22 theme pure 1301:1304 arg1 CS 1306:1307 the pure CS 1297:1307 the pure CS 1297:1307 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 2 23 theme nanofiber-reinforced 284:303 arg1 aerogels 305:312 the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 280:312 the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 280:312 This research aimed at fabricating the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels and evaluating their physiochemical and biological properties. 32857019 0 24 theme Nanofiber-Reinforced 16:35 arg1 Aerogels 37:44 Nanofiber-Reinforced Aerogels 16:44 Nanofiber-Reinforced Aerogels 16:44 Electrospinning Nanofiber-Reinforced Aerogels for the Treatment of Bone Defects. 32857019 9 25 theme well-extended 1346:1358 arg1 morphology 1360:1369 well-extended morphology 1346:1369 well-extended morphology 1346:1369 Also, cells on the CA/PCL/CS showed well-extended morphology and could infiltrate into a porous scaffold. 32857019 12 26 theme CS 1771:1772 arg1 aerogel 1774:1780 the CS aerogel 1767:1780 the CS aerogel 1767:1780 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 2 27 theme biological 354:363 arg1 properties 365:374 their physiochemical and biological properties 329:374 their physiochemical and biological properties 329:374 This research aimed at fabricating the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels and evaluating their physiochemical and biological properties. 32857019 12 28 theme CA/PCL 1704:1709 arg1 nanofibers 1711:1720 The CA/PCL nanofibers 1700:1720 The CA/PCL nanofibers 1700:1720 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 8 29 theme in 1180:1181 arg1 experiment 1189:1198 in vitro experiment 1180:1198 in vitro experiment 1180:1198 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 9 30 from cells 1316:1320 arg1 CA/PCL/CS 1329:1337 the CA/PCL/CS 1325:1337 the CA/PCL/CS 1325:1337 Also, cells on the CA/PCL/CS showed well-extended morphology and could infiltrate into a porous scaffold. 32857019 5 31 theme solution 961:968 arg1 incorporation 919:931 incorporation 919:931 incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution 919:968 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 8 32 theme better 1258:1263 arg1 cytocompatibility 1265:1281 better cytocompatibility 1258:1281 better cytocompatibility 1258:1281 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 4 33 dep Fourier 597:603 arg1 transform 605:613 transform 605:613 transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 605:679 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 5 34 theme SEM 825:827 arg1 examination 829:839 The SEM examination 821:839 The SEM examination 821:839 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 4 35 theme electron 570:577 arg1 microscopy 579:588 Scanning electron microscopy 561:588 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 561:594 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 35 theme electron 570:577 arg1 SEM 591:593 SEM 591:593 SEM 591:593 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 7 36 theme compressive 1058:1068 arg1 experiment 1070:1079 A compressive experiment 1056:1079 A compressive experiment 1056:1079 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 11 37 theme nanofiber-reinforced 1584:1603 arg1 aerogels 1605:1612 the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 1580:1612 the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly 1580:1619 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 2 38 theme physiochemical 335:348 arg1 properties 365:374 their physiochemical and biological properties 329:374 their physiochemical and biological properties 329:374 This research aimed at fabricating the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels and evaluating their physiochemical and biological properties. 32857019 1 39 theme electrospinning 186:200 arg1 aerogels 223:230 electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 186:230 electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 186:230 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 7 40 theme aerogel 1167:1173 arg1 modulus 1144:1150 the compressive modulus 1128:1150 the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel 1128:1173 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 12 41 theme aerogel 1774:1780 arg1 property 1755:1762 the mechanical property 1740:1762 the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent 1740:1795 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 1 42 theme nanofiber-reinforced 202:221 arg1 aerogels 223:230 electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 186:230 electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 186:230 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 8 43 theme CA/PCL/CS 1205:1213 arg1 scaffolds 1225:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 5 44 theme CA/PCL 936:941 arg1 nanofibers 943:952 CA/PCL nanofibers 936:952 CA/PCL nanofibers 936:952 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 10 45 theme osteogenic 1500:1509 arg1 differentiation 1511:1525 the osteogenic differentiation 1496:1525 the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1496:1543 Furthermore, confocal experiment revealed that the CA/PCL/CS could also promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 32857019 4 46 theme photoelectron 648:660 arg1 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 46 theme photoelectron 648:660 arg1 spectroscopy 662:673 infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 615:673 spectroscopy 662:673 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 1 47 theme aerogels 223:230 arg1 reports 175:181 the reports 171:181 the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels 171:230 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 1 47 theme aerogels 223:230 arg1 limited 236:242 limited 236:242 limited 236:242 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 7 48 theme pure 1159:1162 arg1 aerogel 1167:1173 the pure CS aerogel 1155:1173 the pure CS aerogel 1155:1173 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 7 49 theme CS 1164:1165 arg1 aerogel 1167:1173 the pure CS aerogel 1155:1173 the pure CS aerogel 1155:1173 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 6 50 theme PCL 1043:1045 arg1 incorporation 1022:1034 the perfect incorporation 1010:1034 the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS 1010:1053 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 3 51 theme cellulose 432:440 arg1 acetate 442:448 cellulose acetate 432:448 cellulose acetate (CA) 432:453 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 3 51 theme cellulose 432:440 arg1 CA 451:452 CA 451:452 CA 451:452 Approach: The chitosan (CS) aerogels incorporated with cellulose acetate (CA) and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were fabricated via ball milling and freeze-drying techniques. 32857019 5 52 theme CA/PCL/CS 895:903 arg1 aerogels 905:912 the CA/PCL/CS aerogels 891:912 the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution 891:968 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 0 53 theme Defects 72:78 arg1 Treatment 54:62 the Treatment 50:62 the Treatment of Bone Defects 50:78 Electrospinning Nanofiber-Reinforced Aerogels for the Treatment of Bone Defects. 32857019 11 54 theme cell/material 1637:1649 arg1 interaction 1651:1661 the cell/material interaction 1633:1661 the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold 1633:1685 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 1 55 theme bone 119:122 arg1 engineering 131:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 8 56 theme composite 1215:1223 arg1 scaffolds 1225:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds 1201:1233 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 4 57 theme Scanning 561:568 arg1 microscopy 579:588 Scanning electron microscopy 561:588 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 561:594 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 57 theme Scanning 561:568 arg1 SEM 591:593 SEM 591:593 SEM 591:593 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 7 58 theme CA/PCL/CS 1100:1108 arg1 aerogels 1110:1117 the CA/PCL/CS aerogels 1096:1117 the CA/PCL/CS aerogels 1096:1117 A compressive experiment confirmed that the CA/PCL/CS aerogels enhanced the compressive modulus of the pure CS aerogel. 32857019 1 59 theme tissue 124:129 arg1 engineering 131:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 11 60 theme pure 1670:1673 arg1 scaffold 1678:1685 the pure CS scaffold 1666:1685 the pure CS scaffold 1666:1685 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 10 61 theme cells 1539:1543 arg1 differentiation 1511:1525 the osteogenic differentiation 1496:1525 the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1496:1543 Furthermore, confocal experiment revealed that the CA/PCL/CS could also promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 32857019 10 62 theme confocal 1429:1436 arg1 experiment 1438:1447 confocal experiment 1429:1447 confocal experiment 1429:1447 Furthermore, confocal experiment revealed that the CA/PCL/CS could also promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 32857019 6 63 theme CA 1039:1040 arg1 incorporation 1022:1034 the perfect incorporation 1010:1034 the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS 1010:1053 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 5 64 theme nanofibers 943:952 arg1 incorporation 919:931 incorporation 919:931 incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution 919:968 Results: The SEM examination showed that satisfying morphology was attained in the CA/PCL/CS aerogels with incorporation of CA/PCL nanofibers and CS solution. 32857019 1 65 theme aerogels 107:114 arg1 Objective 81:89 Objective 81:89 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 81:243 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 1 65 theme aerogels 107:114 arg1 field 158:162 an emerging field 146:162 an emerging field 146:162 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 1 65 theme aerogels 107:114 arg1 Application 92:102 Application 92:102 Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering 92:141 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 8 66 dep in 1180:1181 arg1 vitro 1183:1187 vitro 1183:1187 vitro 1183:1187 For in vitro experiment, the CA/PCL/CS composite scaffolds were proven to possess better cytocompatibility compared with the pure CS. 32857019 4 67 theme biological 791:800 arg1 behavior 802:809 biological behavior 791:809 biological behavior 791:809 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 1 68 from Application 92:102 arg1 engineering 131:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 bone tissue engineering 119:141 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 4 69 theme infrared 615:622 arg1 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 69 theme infrared 615:622 arg1 spectroscopy 662:673 infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 615:673 spectroscopy 662:673 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 12 70 theme cell 1818:1821 arg1 adhesion 1823:1830 cell adhesion 1818:1830 cell adhesion 1818:1830 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 6 71 theme CS 1052:1053 arg1 incorporation 1022:1034 the perfect incorporation 1010:1034 the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS 1010:1053 The results of FT-IR and XPS indicated the perfect incorporation of CA, PCL, and CS. 32857019 4 72 theme compressive 682:692 arg1 experiment 694:703 compressive experiment 682:703 compressive experiment 682:703 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 11 73 dep fabricated 1569:1578 arg1 Innovation 1546:1555 Innovation 1546:1555 Innovation 1546:1555 Innovation: This study fabricated the nanofiber-reinforced aerogels mainly to optimize the cell/material interaction of the pure CS scaffold. 32857019 9 74 theme porous 1399:1404 arg1 scaffold 1406:1413 a porous scaffold 1397:1413 a porous scaffold 1397:1413 Also, cells on the CA/PCL/CS showed well-extended morphology and could infiltrate into a porous scaffold. 32857019 0 75 theme Bone 67:70 arg1 Defects 72:78 Bone Defects 67:78 Bone Defects 67:78 Electrospinning Nanofiber-Reinforced Aerogels for the Treatment of Bone Defects. 32857019 4 76 dep spectroscopy 662:673 arg1 X-ray 642:646 infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 615:673 X-ray 642:646 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 12 77 theme osteogenic 1836:1845 arg1 differentiation 1847:1861 osteogenic differentiation 1836:1861 osteogenic differentiation 1836:1861 Conclusion: The CA/PCL nanofibers not only improved the mechanical property of the CS aerogel to some extent but also facilitated cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation. 32857019 1 78 theme emerging 149:156 arg1 Objective 81:89 Objective 81:89 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 81:243 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 1 78 theme emerging 149:156 arg1 field 158:162 an emerging field 146:162 an emerging field 146:162 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 1 78 theme emerging 149:156 arg1 Application 92:102 Application 92:102 Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering 92:141 Objective: Application of aerogels in bone tissue engineering is an emerging field, while the reports of electrospinning nanofiber-reinforced aerogels are limited. 32857019 13 79 theme bone 1919:1922 arg1 engineering 1931:1941 bone tissue engineering 1919:1941 bone tissue engineering 1919:1941 Thus, it could be considered a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering. 32857019 4 80 theme FT-IR 625:629 arg1 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 XPS 676:678 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 32857019 4 80 theme FT-IR 625:629 arg1 spectroscopy 662:673 infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 615:673 spectroscopy 662:673 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), compressive experiment, and in vitro experiment were conducted to assess their physiochemical properties and biological behavior. 30241868 6 0 theme Kinetic 774:780 arg1 parameters 782:791 Kinetic parameters 774:791 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film 774:857 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 7 1 theme lignin 965:970 arg1 derivatives 972:982 lignin derivatives 965:982 lignin derivatives 965:982 It's concluded that lignin derivatives contributed the major part of degradation process. 30241868 8 2 theme biomass 1122:1128 arg1 >E 1118:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E 1093:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives) 1093:1141 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 2 theme biomass 1122:1128 arg1 derivatives 1130:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 5 3 theme independent 689:699 arg1 reactions 710:718 five independent parallel reactions 684:718 five independent parallel reactions 684:718 Further kinetic analysis was performed and revealed that five independent parallel reactions were supposed reasonably by deconvoluting DTG curves. 30241868 5 4 theme Further 627:633 arg1 analysis 643:650 Further kinetic analysis 627:650 Further kinetic analysis 627:650 Further kinetic analysis was performed and revealed that five independent parallel reactions were supposed reasonably by deconvoluting DTG curves. 30241868 5 5 theme parallel 701:708 arg1 reactions 710:718 five independent parallel reactions 684:718 five independent parallel reactions 684:718 Further kinetic analysis was performed and revealed that five independent parallel reactions were supposed reasonably by deconvoluting DTG curves. 30241868 5 6 theme kinetic 635:641 arg1 analysis 643:650 Further kinetic analysis 627:650 Further kinetic analysis 627:650 Further kinetic analysis was performed and revealed that five independent parallel reactions were supposed reasonably by deconvoluting DTG curves. 30241868 9 7 theme carrageenan 1226:1236 arg1 films 1257:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 8 8 theme >E 1101:1102 arg1 orders 1039:1044 The orders 1035:1044 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components 1035:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 8 theme >E 1101:1102 arg1 >E 1118:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E 1093:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives) 1093:1141 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 8 theme >E 1101:1102 arg1 derivatives 1130:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 9 theme pseudo 1071:1076 arg1 components 1078:1087 pseudo components 1071:1087 pseudo components 1071:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 10 theme energy 1060:1065 arg1 >E 1118:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E 1093:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives) 1093:1141 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 10 theme energy 1060:1065 arg1 orders 1039:1044 The orders 1035:1044 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components 1035:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 1 11 theme thermo 201:206 arg1 analyzer 220:227 a thermo gravimetric analyzer 199:227 a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere 199:244 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 2 12 theme apparent 411:418 arg1 energies 431:438 the apparent activation energies 407:438 the apparent activation energies (E) 407:442 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 2 12 theme apparent 411:418 arg1 E 441:441 E 441:441 E 441:441 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 8 13 theme carrageenan 1105:1115 arg1 orders 1039:1044 The orders 1035:1044 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components 1035:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 13 theme carrageenan 1105:1115 arg1 >E 1118:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E 1093:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives) 1093:1141 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 13 theme carrageenan 1105:1115 arg1 derivatives 1130:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 7 14 theme degradation 1014:1024 arg1 process 1026:1032 degradation process 1014:1032 degradation process 1014:1032 It's concluded that lignin derivatives contributed the major part of degradation process. 30241868 0 15 theme decomposition 8:20 arg1 behaviors 22:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 7 16 theme process 1026:1032 arg1 part 1006:1009 the major part 996:1009 the major part of degradation process 996:1032 It's concluded that lignin derivatives contributed the major part of degradation process. 30241868 1 17 theme Pyrolysis 99:107 arg1 characteristics 109:123 Pyrolysis characteristics 99:123 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 99:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 2 18 dep Flynn-Wall-Ozawa 288:303 arg1 methods 373:379 methods 373:379 methods 373:379 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 0 19 theme Thermal 0:6 arg1 behaviors 22:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 4 20 used utilized 551:558 arg2 master-plots 525:536 master-plots 525:536 master-plots 525:536 Coats-Redfern and master-plots methods were utilized to investigate the most probable mechanisms for CG-PVA/LBP/K film. 30241868 4 20 used utilized 551:558 arg2 Coats-Redfern 507:519 Coats-Redfern 507:519 Coats-Redfern 507:519 Coats-Redfern and master-plots methods were utilized to investigate the most probable mechanisms for CG-PVA/LBP/K film. 30241868 8 21 theme activation 1049:1058 arg1 energy 1060:1065 activation energy 1049:1065 activation energy for pseudo components 1049:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 1 22 theme gravimetric 208:218 arg1 analyzer 220:227 a thermo gravimetric analyzer 199:227 a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere 199:244 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 6 23 theme CG-PVA/LBP/K 841:852 arg1 film 854:857 CG-PVA/LBP/K film 841:857 CG-PVA/LBP/K film 841:857 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 9 24 theme biocomposite 1244:1255 arg1 films 1257:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 8 25 theme E 1093:1093 arg1 orders 1039:1044 The orders 1035:1044 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components 1035:1087 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 25 theme E 1093:1093 arg1 >E 1118:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E 1093:1119 E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives) 1093:1141 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 8 25 theme E 1093:1093 arg1 derivatives 1130:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 biomass derivatives 1122:1140 The orders of activation energy for pseudo components are E (PVA) >E (carrageenan) >E (biomass derivatives). 30241868 5 26 theme DTG 762:764 arg1 curves 766:771 DTG curves 762:771 DTG curves 762:771 Further kinetic analysis was performed and revealed that five independent parallel reactions were supposed reasonably by deconvoluting DTG curves. 30241868 1 27 theme carrageenan-polyvinyl 128:148 arg1 films 177:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 3 28 theme CG-PVA/LBP/K 464:475 arg1 film 477:480 CG-PVA/LBP/K film 464:480 CG-PVA/LBP/K film 464:480 The range of E for CG-PVA/LBP/K film was 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol. 30241868 4 29 theme probable 584:591 arg1 mechanisms 593:602 the most probable mechanisms 575:602 the most probable mechanisms for CG-PVA/LBP/K film 575:624 Coats-Redfern and master-plots methods were utilized to investigate the most probable mechanisms for CG-PVA/LBP/K film. 30241868 1 30 theme N2 232:233 arg1 atmosphere 235:244 N2 atmosphere 232:244 N2 atmosphere 232:244 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 9 31 theme based 1238:1242 arg1 films 1257:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 carrageenan based biocomposite films 1226:1261 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 2 32 theme stepwise 249:256 arg1 procedure 258:266 A stepwise procedure 247:266 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods 247:379 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 9 33 theme pyrolysis 1174:1182 arg1 kinetics 1184:1191 pyrolysis kinetics 1174:1191 pyrolysis kinetics 1174:1191 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 2 34 theme activation 420:429 arg1 energies 431:438 the apparent activation energies 407:438 the apparent activation energies (E) 407:442 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 2 34 theme activation 420:429 arg1 E 441:441 E 441:441 E 441:441 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 0 35 theme vinyl 65:69 arg1 alcohol 71:77 carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol 48:77 carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol 48:77 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 9 36 theme films 1257:1261 arg1 fields 1216:1221 application fields 1204:1221 application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films 1204:1261 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 6 37 theme maximum 924:930 arg1 temperature 932:942 the peak maximum temperature 915:942 the peak maximum temperature 915:942 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 6 38 theme pseudo-components 819:835 arg1 parameters 782:791 Kinetic parameters 774:791 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film 774:857 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 1 39 theme alcohol 150:156 arg1 films 177:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 0 40 theme carrageenan-poly 48:63 arg1 alcohol 71:77 carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol 48:77 carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol 48:77 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 6 41 theme peak 919:922 arg1 temperature 932:942 the peak maximum temperature 915:942 the peak maximum temperature 915:942 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 1 42 from analyzer 220:227 arg1 atmosphere 235:244 N2 atmosphere 232:244 N2 atmosphere 232:244 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 4 43 dep Coats-Redfern 507:519 arg1 methods 538:544 methods 538:544 methods 538:544 Coats-Redfern and master-plots methods were utilized to investigate the most probable mechanisms for CG-PVA/LBP/K film. 30241868 6 44 theme corresponding 800:812 arg1 pseudo-components 819:835 the corresponding five pseudo-components 796:835 the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film 796:857 Kinetic parameters of the corresponding five pseudo-components for CG-PVA/LBP/K film were separately calculated via Kissinger's method using the peak maximum temperature. 30241868 1 45 theme CG-PVA 159:164 arg1 films 177:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 7 46 theme major 1000:1004 arg1 part 1006:1009 the major part 996:1009 the major part of degradation process 996:1032 It's concluded that lignin derivatives contributed the major part of degradation process. 30241868 9 47 theme kinetics 1184:1191 arg1 analysis 1162:1169 The comprehensive analysis 1144:1169 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics 1144:1191 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 2 48 theme model-free 277:286 arg1 FWO 306:308 FWO 306:308 FWO 306:308 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 2 48 theme model-free 277:286 arg1 Flynn-Wall-Ozawa 288:303 model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa 277:303 model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) 277:309 A stepwise procedure based on model-free Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Friedman-Reich-Levi (FRL) methods were applied to calculate the apparent activation energies (E). 30241868 9 49 theme application 1204:1214 arg1 fields 1216:1221 application fields 1204:1221 application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films 1204:1261 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 9 50 theme comprehensive 1148:1160 arg1 analysis 1162:1169 The comprehensive analysis 1144:1169 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics 1144:1191 The comprehensive analysis of pyrolysis kinetics may expand application fields of carrageenan based biocomposite films. 30241868 3 51 theme E 458:458 arg1 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol 486:504 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol 486:504 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol 486:504 The range of E for CG-PVA/LBP/K film was 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol. 30241868 3 51 theme E 458:458 arg1 range 449:453 The range 445:453 The range of E for CG-PVA/LBP/K film 445:480 The range of E for CG-PVA/LBP/K film was 16.92∼171.53 kJ/mol. 30241868 1 52 theme composite 167:175 arg1 films 177:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 128:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30241868 0 53 theme alcohol 71:77 arg1 behaviors 22:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors 0:30 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 0 53 theme alcohol 71:77 arg1 kinetics 36:43 kinetics 36:43 kinetics 36:43 Thermal decomposition behaviors and kinetics of carrageenan-poly vinyl alcohol bio-composite film. 30241868 1 54 theme films 177:181 arg1 characteristics 109:123 Pyrolysis characteristics 99:123 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films 99:181 Pyrolysis characteristics of carrageenan-polyvinyl alcohol (CG-PVA) composite films were studied on a thermo gravimetric analyzer in N2 atmosphere. 30841968 3 0 theme robust 383:388 arg1 activity 401:408 robust biological activity 383:408 robust biological activity 383:408 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 6 1 theme 3T3 1135:1137 arg1 cells 1139:1143 NIH 3T3 cells 1131:1143 NIH 3T3 cells 1131:1143 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 4 2 theme CSCl 623:626 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 2 theme CSCl 623:626 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 3 3 theme biological 390:399 arg1 activity 401:408 robust biological activity 383:408 robust biological activity 383:408 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 8 4 theme tissue 1547:1552 arg1 regeneration 1554:1565 soft tissue regeneration 1542:1565 soft tissue regeneration 1542:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 1 5 theme tissue 198:203 arg1 regeneration 205:216 tissue regeneration 198:216 tissue regeneration due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability 198:275 Chitosan-based hydrogels have been extensively used for tissue regeneration due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. 30841968 8 6 from candidate 1528:1536 arg1 way 1593:1595 the minimally-invasive way 1570:1595 the minimally-invasive way 1570:1595 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 0 7 theme Engineering 116:126 arg1 Applications 128:139 Tissue Engineering Applications 109:139 Tissue Engineering Applications 109:139 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 8 8 theme soft 1542:1545 arg1 regeneration 1554:1565 soft tissue regeneration 1542:1565 soft tissue regeneration 1542:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 5 9 theme composite 990:998 arg1 hydrogel 1000:1007 the composite hydrogel 986:1007 the composite hydrogel 986:1007 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 4 10 theme -β-glycerol 628:638 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 10 theme -β-glycerol 628:638 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 0 11 theme Tissue 109:114 arg1 Applications 128:139 Tissue Engineering Applications 109:139 Tissue Engineering Applications 109:139 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 6 12 theme SD 1187:1188 arg1 rats 1190:1193 the SD rats 1183:1193 the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks 1183:1216 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 5 13 dep underwent 841:849 arg1 observed 1057:1064 observed 1057:1064 was observed 1053:1064 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 5 13 dep underwent 841:849 arg1 determined 1013:1022 determined 1013:1022 was determined 1009:1022 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 5 14 theme non-flowing 893:903 arg1 hydrogel 905:912 non-flowing hydrogel 893:912 non-flowing hydrogel 893:912 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 3 15 theme porcine 411:417 arg1 candidates 485:494 promising candidates 475:494 promising candidates 475:494 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 15 theme porcine 411:417 arg1 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 15 theme porcine 411:417 arg1 submucosa 436:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa 411:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) 411:450 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 5 16 theme sustained 943:951 arg1 release 953:959 the sustained release 939:959 the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel 939:1007 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 1 17 used used 189:192 arg2 hydrogels 157:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels 142:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels 142:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels have been extensively used for tissue regeneration due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. 30841968 4 18 theme hydrogel 684:691 arg1 fabrication 570:580 the fabrication 566:580 the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 566:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 3 19 theme small 419:423 arg1 candidates 485:494 promising candidates 475:494 promising candidates 475:494 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 19 theme small 419:423 arg1 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 19 theme small 419:423 arg1 submucosa 436:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa 411:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) 411:450 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 4 20 theme facile 548:553 arg1 method 555:560 a facile method 546:560 a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 546:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 5 21 theme three-dimensional 796:812 arg1 composite 824:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 4 22 theme cellulose 668:676 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 22 theme cellulose 668:676 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 6 23 dep survival 1101:1108 arg1 the 1097:1099 the 1097:1099 the 1097:1099 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 5 24 theme porous 789:794 arg1 composite 824:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 5 25 theme initial 1031:1037 arg1 release 1045:1051 no initial burst release 1028:1051 no initial burst release 1028:1051 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 7 26 theme SISP 1292:1295 arg1 degradation 1277:1287 the degradation 1273:1287 the degradation of SISP 1273:1295 Furthermore, incorporated with SISP into CSCl delayed the degradation of SISP in vivo, as characterized by histological and High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement. 30841968 6 27 dep rats 1190:1193 arg1 subcutis 1195:1202 subcutis 1195:1202 subcutis 1195:1202 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 5 28 theme b-FGF 973:977 arg1 release 953:959 the sustained release 939:959 the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel 939:1007 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 5 29 theme sol-gel 851:857 arg1 transition 865:874 sol-gel phage transition 851:874 sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel 851:912 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 4 30 theme SISP 598:601 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 30 theme SISP 598:601 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 7 31 theme HFUS 1370:1373 arg1 measurement 1376:1386 Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement 1358:1386 Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement 1358:1386 Furthermore, incorporated with SISP into CSCl delayed the degradation of SISP in vivo, as characterized by histological and High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement. 30841968 1 32 theme excellent 229:237 arg1 biocompatibility 239:254 the excellent biocompatibility 225:254 the excellent biocompatibility 225:254 Chitosan-based hydrogels have been extensively used for tissue regeneration due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. 30841968 5 33 theme phage 859:863 arg1 transition 865:874 sol-gel phage transition 851:874 sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel 851:912 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 4 34 theme chloride 613:620 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 34 theme chloride 613:620 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 8 35 theme SISP/CSCl 1477:1485 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 35 theme SISP/CSCl 1477:1485 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 6 36 theme NIH 1131:1133 arg1 cells 1139:1143 NIH 3T3 cells 1131:1143 NIH 3T3 cells 1131:1143 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 4 37 theme -hydroxyethyl 654:666 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 37 theme -hydroxyethyl 654:666 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 0 38 theme Chitosan 45:52 arg1 Hydrogel 54:61 Composite Chitosan Hydrogel 35:61 Composite Chitosan Hydrogel 35:61 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 4 39 theme /chitosan 603:611 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 39 theme /chitosan 603:611 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 8 40 theme thermosensitive 1461:1475 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 40 theme thermosensitive 1461:1475 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 5 41 theme burst 1039:1043 arg1 release 1045:1051 no initial burst release 1028:1051 no initial burst release 1028:1051 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 0 42 theme Composite 35:43 arg1 Hydrogel 54:61 Composite Chitosan Hydrogel 35:61 Composite Chitosan Hydrogel 35:61 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 4 43 theme SIS 585:587 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 43 theme SIS 585:587 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 3 44 theme promising 475:483 arg1 candidates 485:494 promising candidates 475:494 promising candidates 475:494 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 44 theme promising 475:483 arg1 submucosa 436:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa 411:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) 411:450 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 5 45 from solution 881:888 arg1 transition 865:874 sol-gel phage transition 851:874 sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel 851:912 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 6 46 theme SISP/CSCl 1067:1075 arg1 composite 1077:1085 SISP/CSCl composite 1067:1085 SISP/CSCl composite 1067:1085 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 3 47 theme intestinal 425:434 arg1 candidates 485:494 promising candidates 475:494 promising candidates 475:494 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 47 theme intestinal 425:434 arg1 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 SIS 447:449 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 3 47 theme intestinal 425:434 arg1 submucosa 436:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa 411:444 porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) 411:450 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 8 48 theme minimally-invasive 1574:1591 arg1 way 1593:1595 the minimally-invasive way 1570:1595 the minimally-invasive way 1570:1595 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 1 49 theme Chitosan-based 142:155 arg1 hydrogels 157:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels 142:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels 142:165 Chitosan-based hydrogels have been extensively used for tissue regeneration due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. 30841968 0 50 theme Hydrogel 54:61 arg1 Characterization 15:30 Characterization 15:30 Characterization 15:30 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 0 50 theme Hydrogel 54:61 arg1 Production 0:9 Production 0:9 Production 0:9 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 5 51 theme FTIR 708:711 arg1 results 721:727 FTIR imaging results 708:727 FTIR imaging results 708:727 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 8 52 theme promising 1503:1511 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 52 theme promising 1503:1511 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 53 theme injectable 1446:1455 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 53 theme injectable 1446:1455 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 6 54 theme good 1158:1161 arg1 biocompatibility 1163:1178 good biocompatibility 1158:1178 good biocompatibility 1158:1178 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 4 55 theme powders 589:595 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 55 theme powders 589:595 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 5 56 theme imaging 713:719 arg1 results 721:727 FTIR imaging results 708:727 FTIR imaging results 708:727 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 8 57 theme newlydeveloped 1431:1444 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 57 theme newlydeveloped 1431:1444 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 5 58 theme SISP/CSCl 814:822 arg1 composite 824:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite 789:832 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 8 59 theme attractive 1517:1526 arg1 composite 1487:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite 1427:1495 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 8 59 theme attractive 1517:1526 arg1 candidate 1528:1536 a promising and attractive candidate 1501:1536 a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration 1501:1565 Thus, all the findings suggested that the newlydeveloped injectable and thermosensitive SISP/CSCl composite was a promising and attractive candidate for soft tissue regeneration in the minimally-invasive way. 30841968 2 60 theme biomacromolecules 315:331 arg1 lack 282:285 lack 282:285 lack of endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules 282:331 For lack of endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules, its application is obviously limited. 30841968 5 61 theme VEGF 964:967 arg1 release 953:959 the sustained release 939:959 the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel 939:1007 FTIR imaging results demonstrated that SISP and CSCl could be well mixed to form porous three-dimensional SISP/CSCl composite, which underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to non-flowing hydrogel at 37 °C. Interestingly, the sustained release of VEGF and b-FGF within the composite hydrogel was determined and no initial burst release was observed. 30841968 4 62 theme phosphate 640:648 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 62 theme phosphate 640:648 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 0 63 theme Matrix 88:93 arg1 Particles 95:103 Extracellular Matrix Particles 74:103 Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications 74:139 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 2 64 theme extracellular 301:313 arg1 biomacromolecules 315:331 endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules 290:331 endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules 290:331 For lack of endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules, its application is obviously limited. 30841968 3 65 theme hydrogels 527:535 arg1 bioactivity 512:522 the bioactivity 508:522 the bioactivity of hydrogels 508:535 Because of robust biological activity, porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been considered as promising candidates to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. 30841968 7 66 theme Ultrasound 1358:1367 arg1 measurement 1376:1386 Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement 1358:1386 Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement 1358:1386 Furthermore, incorporated with SISP into CSCl delayed the degradation of SISP in vivo, as characterized by histological and High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFUS) measurement. 30841968 6 67 dep weeks 1212:1216 arg1 up 1204:1205 up 1204:1205 up 1204:1205 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 0 68 theme Extracellular 74:86 arg1 Particles 95:103 Extracellular Matrix Particles 74:103 Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications 74:139 Production and Characterization of Composite Chitosan Hydrogel Containing Extracellular Matrix Particles for Tissue Engineering Applications. 30841968 2 69 theme endogenous 290:299 arg1 biomacromolecules 315:331 endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules 290:331 endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules 290:331 For lack of endogenous extracellular biomacromolecules, its application is obviously limited. 30841968 6 70 theme cells 1139:1143 arg1 proliferation 1114:1126 proliferation 1114:1126 proliferation 1114:1126 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 6 70 theme cells 1139:1143 arg1 survival 1101:1108 survival 1101:1108 survival 1101:1108 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 6 70 theme cells 1139:1143 arg1 biocompatibility 1163:1178 good biocompatibility 1158:1178 good biocompatibility 1158:1178 SISP/CSCl composite supported the survival and proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in vitro and good biocompatibility in the SD rats subcutis up to 8 weeks. 30841968 4 71 theme GP 651:652 arg1 hydrogel 684:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel 585:691 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30841968 4 71 theme GP 651:652 arg1 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 HEC 679:681 Herein, a facile method for the fabrication of SIS powders (SISP)/chitosan chloride (CSCl)-β-glycerol phosphate (GP)-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hydrogel was developed. 30889349 2 0 theme CNF 487:489 arg1 surface 492:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface 461:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water 461:507 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 4 1 theme adsorbed 877:884 arg1 layer 886:890 a rigid adsorbed layer 869:890 a rigid adsorbed layer 869:890 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 1 2 theme cellulose 165:173 arg1 nanofibrils 175:185 cellulose nanofibrils 165:185 cellulose nanofibrils 165:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 4 3 theme rigid 871:875 arg1 layer 886:890 a rigid adsorbed layer 869:890 a rigid adsorbed layer 869:890 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 4 4 theme anticipated 946:956 arg1 interactions 972:983 the anticipated electrostatic interactions 942:983 the anticipated electrostatic interactions 942:983 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 5 5 theme dispersed 1022:1030 arg1 CNFs 1041:1044 dispersed modified CNFs 1022:1044 dispersed modified CNFs 1022:1044 Polymerizations were conducted from dispersed modified CNFs as well as from preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water. 30889349 1 6 from nanofibrils 175:185 arg1 grafting 151:158 "controlled" polymer grafting 130:158 "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils 130:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 2 7 theme poly 288:291 arg1 copolymers 213:222 copolymers 213:222 copolymers 213:222 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 7 theme poly 288:291 arg1 Polymers 200:207 Polymers 200:207 Polymers 200:207 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 4 8 theme layer 886:890 arg1 formation 856:864 the formation 852:864 the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions 852:983 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 6 9 theme dispersion-initiated 1228:1247 arg1 CNFs 1271:1274 dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1228:1274 dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1228:1274 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 6 10 theme composite 1151:1159 arg1 materials 1161:1169 matrix-free composite materials 1139:1169 matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1139:1274 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 2 11 theme transfer 394:401 arg1 transfer 408:415 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 4 12 theme electrostatic 958:970 arg1 interactions 972:983 the anticipated electrostatic interactions 942:983 the anticipated electrostatic interactions 942:983 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 0 13 from Nanofibrils 41:51 arg1 ATRP 21:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP 0:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 0:95 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 4 14 theme crystal 788:794 arg1 microbalance 796:807 quartz crystal microbalance 781:807 quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) 781:839 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 3 15 from polymerizations 616:630 arg1 water 680:684 water 680:684 water 680:684 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 2 16 theme electron 385:392 arg1 transfer 408:415 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 0 17 theme SI-ARGET 12:19 arg1 ATRP 21:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP 0:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 0:95 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 3 18 theme CNF 568:570 arg1 surface 572:578 the CNF surface 564:578 the CNF surface 564:578 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 0 19 theme All-Aqueous 0:10 arg1 ATRP 21:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP 0:24 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 0:95 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 4 20 with microbalance 796:807 arg1 energy 826:831 dissipation energy 814:831 dissipation energy (QCM-D) 814:839 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 4 20 with microbalance 796:807 arg1 QCM-D 834:838 QCM-D 834:838 QCM-D 834:838 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 1 21 theme all-water-based 100:114 arg1 procedure 116:124 An all-water-based procedure 97:124 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils 97:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 4 22 theme quartz 781:786 arg1 microbalance 796:807 quartz crystal microbalance 781:807 quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) 781:839 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 2 23 theme SI-ARGET 441:448 arg1 ATRP 450:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 23 theme SI-ARGET 441:448 arg1 polymerization 425:438 radical polymerization 417:438 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 5 24 theme modified 1032:1039 arg1 CNFs 1041:1044 dispersed modified CNFs 1022:1044 dispersed modified CNFs 1022:1044 Polymerizations were conducted from dispersed modified CNFs as well as from preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water. 30889349 2 25 theme methyl 293:298 arg1 poly 288:291 poly 288:291 poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) 288:319 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 25 theme methyl 293:298 arg1 methacrylate 300:311 methyl methacrylate 293:311 methyl methacrylate 293:311 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 5 26 theme preformed 1062:1070 arg1 aerogels 1085:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels 1062:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water 1062:1108 Polymerizations were conducted from dispersed modified CNFs as well as from preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water. 30889349 4 27 theme CNF 753:755 arg1 surface 757:763 the CNF surface 749:763 the CNF surface 749:763 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 6 28 theme wt 1219:1220 arg1 % 1222:1222 approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % 1193:1222 approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % 1193:1222 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 6 29 theme CNF 1178:1180 arg1 content 1182:1188 a CNF content 1176:1188 a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % 1176:1222 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 2 30 theme radical 417:423 arg1 ATRP 450:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 30 theme radical 417:423 arg1 polymerization 425:438 radical polymerization 417:438 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 31 theme nanofibril 475:484 arg1 surface 492:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface 461:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water 461:507 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 3 32 theme hydrophilic 656:666 arg1 monomers 668:675 both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers 635:675 both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers 635:675 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 2 33 dep transfer 408:415 arg1 ATRP 450:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 SI-ARGET ATRP 441:453 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 33 dep transfer 408:415 arg1 polymerization 425:438 radical polymerization 417:438 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 34 theme cellulose 465:473 arg1 surface 492:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface 461:498 the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water 461:507 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 0 35 theme Cellulose 31:39 arg1 Nanofibrils 41:51 Cellulose Nanofibrils 31:51 Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers 31:94 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 2 36 from surface 492:498 arg1 water 503:507 water 503:507 water 503:507 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 37 theme glycol 241:246 arg1 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 37 theme glycol 241:246 arg1 methacrylate 262:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate 227:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) 227:282 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 38 theme atom 403:406 arg1 transfer 408:415 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) 385:454 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 0 39 theme Hydrophilic 59:69 arg1 Monomers 87:94 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers 59:94 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers 59:94 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 3 40 theme hydrophobic 640:650 arg1 monomers 668:675 both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers 635:675 both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers 635:675 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 2 41 theme ethylene 232:239 arg1 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 41 theme ethylene 232:239 arg1 methacrylate 262:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate 227:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) 227:282 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 6 42 theme matrix-free 1139:1149 arg1 materials 1161:1169 matrix-free composite materials 1139:1169 matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1139:1274 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 2 43 theme poly 227:230 arg1 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 43 theme poly 227:230 arg1 methacrylate 262:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate 227:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) 227:282 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 6 44 theme aerogel-initiated 1253:1269 arg1 CNFs 1271:1274 dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1228:1274 dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs 1228:1274 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 1 45 theme controlled 131:140 arg1 grafting 151:158 "controlled" polymer grafting 130:158 "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils 130:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 6 46 theme % 1222:1222 arg1 content 1182:1188 a CNF content 1176:1188 a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % 1176:1222 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 5 47 theme modified 1072:1079 arg1 aerogels 1085:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels 1062:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water 1062:1108 Polymerizations were conducted from dispersed modified CNFs as well as from preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water. 30889349 4 48 theme dissipation 814:824 arg1 energy 826:831 dissipation energy 814:831 dissipation energy (QCM-D) 814:839 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 4 48 theme dissipation 814:824 arg1 QCM-D 834:838 QCM-D 834:838 QCM-D 834:838 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 3 49 theme amphiphilic 589:599 arg1 nature 601:606 its amphiphilic nature 585:606 its amphiphilic nature 585:606 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 1 50 theme " 141:141 arg1 grafting 151:158 "controlled" polymer grafting 130:158 "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils 130:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 3 51 theme monomers 668:675 arg1 polymerizations 616:630 polymerizations 616:630 polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water 616:684 A macroinitiator was electrostatically immobilized to the CNF surface, and its amphiphilic nature enabled polymerizations of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in water. 30889349 2 52 theme methacrylate 262:273 arg1 copolymers 213:222 copolymers 213:222 copolymers 213:222 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 52 theme methacrylate 262:273 arg1 Polymers 200:207 Polymers 200:207 Polymers 200:207 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 1 53 theme polymer 143:149 arg1 grafting 151:158 "controlled" polymer grafting 130:158 "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils 130:185 An all-water-based procedure for "controlled" polymer grafting from cellulose nanofibrils is reported. 30889349 5 54 theme CNF 1081:1083 arg1 aerogels 1085:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels 1062:1092 preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water 1062:1108 Polymerizations were conducted from dispersed modified CNFs as well as from preformed modified CNF aerogels soaked in water. 30889349 0 55 theme Hydrophobic 75:85 arg1 Monomers 87:94 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers 59:94 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers 59:94 All-Aqueous SI-ARGET ATRP from Cellulose Nanofibrils Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Monomers. 30889349 2 56 theme ether 256:260 arg1 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 56 theme ether 256:260 arg1 methacrylate 262:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate 227:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) 227:282 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 4 57 theme electrostatic 691:703 arg1 interactions 705:716 The electrostatic interactions 687:716 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator 687:743 The electrostatic interactions between the macroinitiator and the CNF surface were studied by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation energy (QCM-D) and showed the formation of a rigid adsorbed layer, which did not desorb upon washing, corroborating the anticipated electrostatic interactions. 30889349 6 58 with materials 1161:1169 arg1 content 1182:1188 a CNF content 1176:1188 a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % 1176:1222 The polymerizations yielded matrix-free composite materials with a CNF content of approximately 1-2 and 3-6 wt % for dispersion-initiated and aerogel-initiated CNFs, respectively. 30889349 2 59 theme methyl 249:254 arg1 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 POEGMA 276:281 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 59 theme methyl 249:254 arg1 methacrylate 262:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate 227:273 poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) 227:282 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30889349 2 60 theme surface-initiated 341:357 arg1 activators 359:368 surface-initiated activators 341:368 surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water 341:507 Polymers and copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were synthesized by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) from the cellulose nanofibril (CNF) surface in water. 30553867 9 0 from chains 1879:1884 arg1 example 1835:1841 a critical example 1824:1841 a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1824:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 4 1 theme transmission 906:917 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 9 2 theme collagen 1919:1926 arg1 fibrils 1928:1934 collagen fibrils 1919:1934 collagen fibrils 1919:1934 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 4 3 theme microscopy-based 928:943 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 3 4 theme chondroitin 753:763 arg1 CS 774:775 CS 774:775 CS 774:775 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 3 4 theme chondroitin 753:763 arg1 sulfate 765:771 chondroitin sulfate 753:771 chondroitin sulfate (CS) 753:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 1 5 theme EDS 277:279 arg1 type 269:272 a recently delineated type 247:272 a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 247:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 5 theme EDS 277:279 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 147:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) 147:242 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 7 6 theme attached 1466:1473 arg1 fibrils 1484:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 7 theme importance 1850:1859 arg1 example 1835:1841 a critical example 1824:1841 a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1824:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 0 8 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 alteration 11:20 Structural alteration 0:20 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains 0:53 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 8 9 theme GAG 1756:1758 arg1 chains 1765:1770 GAG side chains 1756:1770 GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils 1756:1799 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 10 from importance 1850:1859 arg1 chains 1879:1884 GAG side chains 1870:1884 GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1870:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 4 11 theme decorin 894:900 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 4 11 theme decorin 894:900 arg1 immunostaining 876:889 immunostaining 876:889 immunostaining of decorin 876:900 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 9 12 theme tissues 1965:1971 arg1 maintenance 1939:1949 maintenance 1939:1949 maintenance of connective tissues 1939:1971 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 3 13 theme impaired 617:624 arg1 assembly 626:633 the impaired assembly 613:633 the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 613:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 8 14 theme chains 1765:1770 arg1 structure 1743:1751 the ring-mesh structure 1729:1751 the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils 1729:1799 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 4 15 theme GAG 985:987 arg1 chains 989:994 GAG chains 985:994 GAG chains 985:994 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 5 16 dep dermis 1068:1073 arg1 to 1055:1056 to 1055:1056 to 1055:1056 Collagen fibrils were dispersed in the affected papillary to reticular dermis; in contrast, they were regularly and tightly assembled in controls. 30553867 0 17 theme patients 119:126 arg1 skin 111:114 the skin 107:114 the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 107:144 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 8 18 theme collagen 1784:1791 arg1 fibrils 1793:1799 collagen fibrils 1784:1799 collagen fibrils 1784:1799 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 3 19 theme fibrils 647:653 arg1 assembly 626:633 the impaired assembly 613:633 the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 613:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 4 20 theme blue 958:961 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 0 21 from disorganization 67:81 arg1 skin 111:114 the skin 107:114 the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 107:144 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 8 22 theme compositional 1526:1538 arg1 alteration 1540:1549 compositional alteration 1526:1549 compositional alteration 1526:1549 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 0 23 with patients 119:126 arg1 mcEDS-CHST14 133:144 mcEDS-CHST14 133:144 mcEDS-CHST14 133:144 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 1 24 theme Ehlers-Danlos 167:179 arg1 type 269:272 a recently delineated type 247:272 a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 247:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 24 theme Ehlers-Danlos 167:179 arg1 mcEDS 191:195 mcEDS 191:195 mcEDS 191:195 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 24 theme Ehlers-Danlos 167:179 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 147:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) 147:242 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 24 theme Ehlers-Danlos 167:179 arg1 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 0 25 theme collagen 86:93 arg1 networks 95:102 collagen networks 86:102 collagen networks 86:102 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 4 26 theme systematic 784:793 arg1 investigation 795:807 This systematic investigation 779:807 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 779:859 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 1 27 theme dermatan 373:380 arg1 DS 391:392 DS 391:392 DS 391:392 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 27 theme dermatan 373:380 arg1 sulfate 382:388 dermatan sulfate 373:388 dermatan sulfate (DS) 373:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 5 28 theme papillary 1045:1053 arg1 dermis 1068:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 Collagen fibrils were dispersed in the affected papillary to reticular dermis; in contrast, they were regularly and tightly assembled in controls. 30553867 8 29 from DS 1557:1558 arg1 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 29 from DS 1557:1558 arg1 observation 1511:1521 the first observation 1501:1521 the first observation of compositional alteration 1501:1549 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 30 theme side 1574:1577 arg1 chains 1579:1584 GAG side chains 1570:1584 GAG side chains 1570:1584 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 2 31 theme mcEDS-CHST14 424:435 arg1 characteristics 405:419 Clinical characteristics 396:419 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 396:435 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 1 32 theme biallelic 291:299 arg1 mutations 318:326 biallelic loss-of-function mutations 291:326 biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 291:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 9 33 from example 1835:1841 arg1 chains 1879:1884 GAG side chains 1870:1884 GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1870:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 0 34 theme side 43:46 arg1 chains 48:53 glycosaminoglycan side chains 25:53 glycosaminoglycan side chains 25:53 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 2 35 theme fragility-related 487:503 arg1 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 35 theme fragility-related 487:503 arg1 hyperextensibility 536:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 35 theme fragility-related 487:503 arg1 manifestations 505:518 progressive fragility-related manifestations 475:518 progressive fragility-related manifestations 475:518 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 7 36 theme collagen 1353:1360 arg1 fibrils 1362:1368 collagen fibrils 1353:1368 collagen fibrils 1353:1368 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 2 37 theme progressive 475:485 arg1 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 37 theme progressive 475:485 arg1 hyperextensibility 536:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 37 theme progressive 475:485 arg1 manifestations 505:518 progressive fragility-related manifestations 475:518 progressive fragility-related manifestations 475:518 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 3 38 theme glycosaminoglycan 683:699 arg1 chain 707:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain 679:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 679:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 6 39 theme perpendicular 1178:1190 arg1 arrangement 1192:1202 a perpendicular arrangement 1176:1202 a perpendicular arrangement to the affected epidermis 1176:1228 Moreover, the fibrils exhibited a perpendicular arrangement to the affected epidermis, whereas fibrils were parallel to control epidermis. 30553867 3 40 theme decorin-proteoglycan 716:735 arg1 chain 707:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain 679:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 679:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 4 41 theme skin 816:819 arg1 pathology 821:829 the skin pathology 812:829 the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 812:859 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 5 42 theme reticular 1058:1066 arg1 dermis 1068:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 Collagen fibrils were dispersed in the affected papillary to reticular dermis; in contrast, they were regularly and tightly assembled in controls. 30553867 8 43 theme GAG 1625:1627 arg1 chains 1634:1639 GAG side chains 1625:1639 GAG side chains 1625:1639 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 3 44 theme chain 707:711 arg1 alteration 665:674 alteration 665:674 alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 665:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 8 45 theme networks 1693:1700 arg1 disorganization 1665:1679 spatial disorganization 1657:1679 spatial disorganization of collagen networks 1657:1700 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 46 theme side 1874:1877 arg1 chains 1879:1884 GAG side chains 1870:1884 GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1870:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 8 47 theme chains 1634:1639 arg1 alteration 1611:1620 structural alteration 1600:1620 structural alteration of GAG side chains 1600:1639 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 1 48 theme delineated 258:267 arg1 type 269:272 a recently delineated type 247:272 a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 247:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 48 theme delineated 258:267 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 147:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) 147:242 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 9 49 theme fibrils 1928:1934 arg1 assembly 1907:1914 assembly 1907:1914 assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues 1907:1971 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 1 50 from mutations 318:326 arg1 CHST14 331:336 CHST14 331:336 CHST14 331:336 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 4 51 theme electron 919:926 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 8 52 theme spatial 1657:1663 arg1 disorganization 1665:1679 spatial disorganization 1657:1679 spatial disorganization of collagen networks 1657:1700 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 53 theme ring-mesh 1733:1741 arg1 structure 1743:1751 the ring-mesh structure 1729:1751 the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils 1729:1799 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 7 54 theme collagen 1475:1482 arg1 fibrils 1484:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 55 theme connective 1954:1963 arg1 tissues 1965:1971 connective tissues 1954:1971 connective tissues 1954:1971 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 3 56 from DS 747:748 arg1 chain 707:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain 679:711 the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 679:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 3 56 from DS 747:748 arg1 PG 738:739 PG 738:739 PG 738:739 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 3 56 from DS 747:748 arg1 decorin-proteoglycan 716:735 decorin-proteoglycan 716:735 decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 716:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 7 57 theme Affected 1283:1290 arg1 chains 1296:1301 Affected GAG chains 1283:1301 Affected GAG chains 1283:1301 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 6 58 theme affected 1211:1218 arg1 epidermis 1220:1228 the affected epidermis 1207:1228 the affected epidermis 1207:1228 Moreover, the fibrils exhibited a perpendicular arrangement to the affected epidermis, whereas fibrils were parallel to control epidermis. 30553867 8 59 theme side 1760:1763 arg1 chains 1765:1770 GAG side chains 1756:1770 GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils 1756:1799 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 1 60 theme CHST14/D4ST1 205:216 arg1 deficiency 218:227 CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency 205:227 CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency 205:227 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 9 61 from assembly 1907:1914 arg1 maintenance 1939:1949 maintenance 1939:1949 maintenance of connective tissues 1939:1971 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 7 62 theme close 1447:1451 arg1 contact 1453:1459 close contact 1447:1459 close contact with attached collagen fibrils 1447:1490 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 3 63 theme collagen 638:645 arg1 fibrils 647:653 collagen fibrils 638:653 collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS) 638:776 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 8 64 theme first 1505:1509 arg1 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 64 theme first 1505:1509 arg1 observation 1511:1521 the first observation 1501:1521 the first observation of compositional alteration 1501:1549 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 4 65 theme cupromeronic 945:956 arg1 staining 963:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining 906:970 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 8 66 theme alteration 1540:1549 arg1 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This 1493:1496 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 66 theme alteration 1540:1549 arg1 observation 1511:1521 the first observation 1501:1521 the first observation of compositional alteration 1501:1549 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 7 67 theme GAG 1292:1294 arg1 chains 1296:1301 Affected GAG chains 1283:1301 Affected GAG chains 1283:1301 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 7 68 with contact 1453:1459 arg1 fibrils 1484:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 attached collagen fibrils 1466:1490 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 1 69 theme Musculocontractural 147:165 arg1 type 269:272 a recently delineated type 247:272 a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 247:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 69 theme Musculocontractural 147:165 arg1 mcEDS 191:195 mcEDS 191:195 mcEDS 191:195 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 69 theme Musculocontractural 147:165 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 147:188 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) 147:242 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 1 69 theme Musculocontractural 147:165 arg1 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 mcEDS-CHST14 230:241 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 2 70 theme skin 531:534 arg1 hyperextensibility 536:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 4 71 with patients 834:841 arg1 mcEDS-CHST14 848:859 mcEDS-CHST14 848:859 mcEDS-CHST14 848:859 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 0 72 theme networks 95:102 arg1 disorganization 67:81 spatial disorganization 59:81 spatial disorganization of collagen networks 59:102 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 0 72 theme networks 95:102 arg1 alteration 11:20 Structural alteration 0:20 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains 0:53 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 0 73 from alteration 11:20 arg1 skin 111:114 the skin 107:114 the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 107:144 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 9 74 theme critical 1826:1833 arg1 example 1835:1841 a critical example 1824:1841 a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1824:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 5 75 theme affected 1036:1043 arg1 dermis 1068:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 the affected papillary to reticular dermis 1032:1073 Collagen fibrils were dispersed in the affected papillary to reticular dermis; in contrast, they were regularly and tightly assembled in controls. 30553867 8 76 theme GAG 1570:1572 arg1 chains 1579:1584 GAG side chains 1570:1584 GAG side chains 1570:1584 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 1 77 theme sulfate 382:388 arg1 depletion 360:368 the depletion 356:368 the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 356:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 5 78 theme Collagen 997:1004 arg1 fibrils 1006:1012 Collagen fibrils 997:1012 Collagen fibrils 997:1012 Collagen fibrils were dispersed in the affected papillary to reticular dermis; in contrast, they were regularly and tightly assembled in controls. 30553867 7 79 theme adjacent 1373:1380 arg1 fibrils 1382:1388 adjacent fibrils 1373:1388 adjacent fibrils 1373:1388 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 2 80 theme multiple 448:455 arg1 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 fragility 559:567 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 80 theme multiple 448:455 arg1 malformations 457:469 multiple malformations 448:469 multiple malformations 448:469 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 2 80 theme multiple 448:455 arg1 hyperextensibility 536:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 skin hyperextensibility 531:553 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 8 81 theme chains 1579:1584 arg1 CS 1563:1564 CS 1563:1564 CS 1563:1564 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 0 82 theme glycosaminoglycan 25:41 arg1 chains 48:53 glycosaminoglycan side chains 25:53 glycosaminoglycan side chains 25:53 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 7 83 theme fibrils 1362:1368 arg1 surface 1342:1348 the outer surface 1332:1348 the outer surface of collagen fibrils 1332:1368 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 84 theme DS 1864:1865 arg1 importance 1850:1859 the importance 1846:1859 the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1846:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 0 85 theme chains 48:53 arg1 disorganization 67:81 spatial disorganization 59:81 spatial disorganization of collagen networks 59:102 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 0 85 theme chains 48:53 arg1 alteration 11:20 Structural alteration 0:20 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains 0:53 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 1 86 theme loss-of-function 301:316 arg1 mutations 318:326 biallelic loss-of-function mutations 291:326 biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS) 291:393 Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) due to CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency (mcEDS-CHST14) is a recently delineated type of EDS caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CHST14, which results in the depletion of dermatan sulfate (DS). 30553867 9 87 theme GAG 1870:1872 arg1 chains 1879:1884 GAG side chains 1870:1884 GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1870:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 8 88 theme structural 1600:1609 arg1 alteration 1611:1620 structural alteration 1600:1620 structural alteration of GAG side chains 1600:1639 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 4 89 theme patients 834:841 arg1 pathology 821:829 the skin pathology 812:829 the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 812:859 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 2 90 theme Clinical 396:403 arg1 characteristics 405:419 Clinical characteristics 396:419 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 396:435 Clinical characteristics of mcEDS-CHST14 consist of multiple malformations and progressive fragility-related manifestations, including skin hyperextensibility and fragility. 30553867 0 91 theme spatial 59:65 arg1 disorganization 67:81 spatial disorganization 59:81 spatial disorganization of collagen networks 59:102 Structural alteration of glycosaminoglycan side chains and spatial disorganization of collagen networks in the skin of patients with mcEDS-CHST14. 30553867 7 92 theme outer 1336:1340 arg1 surface 1342:1348 the outer surface 1332:1348 the outer surface of collagen fibrils 1332:1368 Affected GAG chains were linear, stretching from the outer surface of collagen fibrils to adjacent fibrils; in contrast, those of controls were curved, maintaining close contact with attached collagen fibrils. 30553867 8 93 theme collagen 1684:1691 arg1 networks 1693:1700 collagen networks 1684:1700 collagen networks 1684:1700 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 9 94 theme decorin-PG 1889:1898 arg1 chains 1879:1884 GAG side chains 1870:1884 GAG side chains of decorin-PG 1870:1898 McEDS-CHST14 provides a critical example of the importance of DS in GAG side chains of decorin-PG during assembly of collagen fibrils in maintenance of connective tissues. 30553867 8 95 theme side 1629:1632 arg1 chains 1634:1639 GAG side chains 1625:1639 GAG side chains 1625:1639 This is the first observation of compositional alteration, from DS to CS, of GAG side chains, which caused structural alteration of GAG side chains and resulted in spatial disorganization of collagen networks; this presumably disrupted the ring-mesh structure of GAG side chains surrounding collagen fibrils. 30553867 3 96 from chain 707:711 arg1 DS 747:748 DS 747:748 DS 747:748 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 30553867 4 97 theme pathology 821:829 arg1 investigation 795:807 This systematic investigation 779:807 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 779:859 This systematic investigation of the skin pathology of patients with mcEDS-CHST14 comprised both immunostaining of decorin and transmission electron microscopy-based cupromeronic blue staining to visualize GAG chains. 30553867 3 98 theme Skin 570:573 arg1 fragility 575:583 Skin fragility 570:583 Skin fragility 570:583 Skin fragility is suspected to result from the impaired assembly of collagen fibrils caused by alteration of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain of decorin-proteoglycan (PG) from DS to chondroitin sulfate (CS). 31802093 7 0 theme sCT 1201:1203 arg1 release 1205:1211 In vivo sCT release 1193:1211 In vivo sCT release 1193:1211 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 3 1 theme 7.25 685:688 arg1 ± 683:683 ± 683:683 ± 683:683 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 6 2 theme hydrogel 1019:1026 arg1 compatibility 951:963 outstanding compatibility 939:963 outstanding compatibility 939:963 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 2 theme hydrogel 1019:1026 arg1 potential 985:993 osteoconductive potential 969:993 osteoconductive potential 969:993 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 5 3 theme In 757:758 arg1 profiles 778:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 5 4 theme release 770:776 arg1 profiles 778:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 1 5 theme calcium 289:295 arg1 equilibrium 297:307 in vivo calcium equilibrium 281:307 in vivo calcium equilibrium 281:307 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 7 6 theme In 1193:1194 arg1 release 1205:1211 In vivo sCT release 1193:1211 In vivo sCT release 1193:1211 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 3 7 theme 96.84 677:681 arg1 ± 683:683 ± 683:683 ± 683:683 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 2 8 theme therapeutic 324:334 arg1 peptide 336:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 8 theme therapeutic 324:334 arg1 calcitonin 352:361 salmon calcitonin 345:361 salmon calcitonin (sCT) 345:367 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 7 9 theme immune 1376:1381 arg1 responses 1383:1391 immune responses 1376:1391 immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining) 1376:1456 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 10 theme sustained 1258:1266 arg1 release 1272:1278 sustained sCT release 1258:1278 sustained sCT release 1258:1278 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 8 11 theme hydrogel 1512:1519 arg1 system 1521:1526 this osteoconductive hydrogel system 1491:1526 this osteoconductive hydrogel system 1491:1526 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 4 12 theme biodegradable 733:745 arg1 property 747:754 a tunable biodegradable property 723:754 a tunable biodegradable property 723:754 This composite hydrogel showed a tunable biodegradable property. 31802093 7 13 theme hydrogel 1233:1240 arg1 system 1242:1247 this hydrogel system 1228:1247 this hydrogel system 1228:1247 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 2 14 theme clinical 315:322 arg1 peptide 336:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 14 theme clinical 315:322 arg1 calcitonin 352:361 salmon calcitonin 345:361 salmon calcitonin (sCT) 345:367 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 7 15 theme sCT 1268:1270 arg1 release 1272:1278 sustained sCT release 1258:1278 sustained sCT release 1258:1278 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 0 16 theme hypocalcemic 131:142 arg1 effects 144:150 hypocalcemic effects 131:150 hypocalcemic effects 131:150 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 5 17 theme structure 887:895 arg1 stability 897:905 considerable structure stability 874:905 considerable structure stability 874:905 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 7 18 dep evaluations 1423:1433 arg1 H&E 1436:1438 H&E 1436:1438 H&E 1436:1438 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 18 dep evaluations 1423:1433 arg1 staining 1448:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 18 dep evaluations 1423:1433 arg1 evaluations 1423:1433 the histological evaluations 1406:1433 the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining) 1406:1456 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 5 19 theme sCT 847:849 arg1 release 851:857 long-term sustained sCT release 827:857 long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) 827:867 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 5 19 theme sCT 847:849 arg1 days 863:866 28 days 860:866 28 days 860:866 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 8 20 theme related 1579:1585 arg1 disease 1587:1593 bone related disease 1574:1593 bone related disease 1574:1593 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 6 21 theme calcium 1078:1084 arg1 2.30-fold 1098:1106 2.30-fold 1098:1106 2.30-fold 1098:1106 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 21 theme calcium 1078:1084 arg1 expression 1086:1095 calcium expression 1078:1095 calcium expression (2.30-fold) 1078:1107 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 0 22 theme thermo-sensitive 2:17 arg1 hydrogel 51:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel 0:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with 0:103 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 8 23 theme disease 1587:1593 arg1 therapy 1563:1569 therapy 1563:1569 therapy of bone related disease 1563:1593 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 7 24 theme IgG 1444:1446 arg1 staining 1448:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 24 theme IgG 1444:1446 arg1 evaluations 1423:1433 the histological evaluations 1406:1433 the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining) 1406:1456 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 25 theme histological 1410:1421 arg1 H&E 1436:1438 H&E 1436:1438 H&E 1436:1438 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 25 theme histological 1410:1421 arg1 staining 1448:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 IgG staining 1444:1455 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 7 25 theme histological 1410:1421 arg1 evaluations 1423:1433 the histological evaluations 1406:1433 the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining) 1406:1456 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 2 26 theme salmon 345:350 arg1 medicine 401:408 a quick-acting medicine 386:408 a quick-acting medicine 386:408 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 26 theme salmon 345:350 arg1 sCT 364:366 sCT 364:366 sCT 364:366 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 26 theme salmon 345:350 arg1 peptide 336:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 a clinical therapeutic peptide 313:342 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 26 theme salmon 345:350 arg1 calcitonin 352:361 salmon calcitonin 345:361 salmon calcitonin (sCT) 345:367 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 1 27 theme bone 235:238 arg1 tumor 240:244 bone tumor 235:244 bone tumor 235:244 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 0 28 theme hydroxypropyl 30:42 arg1 hydrogel 51:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel 0:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with 0:103 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 6 29 theme osteoconductive 969:983 arg1 potential 985:993 osteoconductive potential 969:993 osteoconductive potential 969:993 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 4 30 theme tunable 725:731 arg1 property 747:754 a tunable biodegradable property 723:754 a tunable biodegradable property 723:754 This composite hydrogel showed a tunable biodegradable property. 31802093 2 31 theme short 435:439 arg1 half-life 441:449 the short half-life 431:449 the short half-life 431:449 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 0 32 theme injectable 19:28 arg1 hydrogel 51:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel 0:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with 0:103 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 8 33 theme osteoconductive 1496:1510 arg1 system 1521:1526 this osteoconductive hydrogel system 1491:1526 this osteoconductive hydrogel system 1491:1526 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 5 34 dep In 757:758 arg1 vitro 760:764 vitro 760:764 vitro 760:764 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 5 35 theme considerable 874:885 arg1 stability 897:905 considerable structure stability 874:905 considerable structure stability 874:905 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 1 36 theme hypercalcemia 177:189 arg1 treatment 191:199 hypercalcemia treatment 177:199 hypercalcemia treatment 177:199 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 7 37 theme continuous 1286:1295 arg1 effect 1310:1315 a continuous hypocalcemic effect 1284:1315 a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days 1284:1338 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 8 38 theme promising 1542:1550 arg1 method 1552:1557 a promising method 1540:1557 a promising method for therapy of bone related disease 1540:1593 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 1 39 dep in 281:282 arg1 vivo 284:287 vivo 284:287 vivo 284:287 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 7 40 theme no 1356:1357 arg1 inflammation 1359:1370 no inflammation 1356:1370 no inflammation 1356:1370 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 5 41 theme long-term 827:835 arg1 release 851:857 long-term sustained sCT release 827:857 long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) 827:867 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 5 41 theme long-term 827:835 arg1 days 863:866 28 days 860:866 28 days 860:866 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 0 42 theme chitin 44:49 arg1 hydrogel 51:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel 0:58 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with 0:103 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 6 43 theme outstanding 939:949 arg1 compatibility 951:963 outstanding compatibility 939:963 outstanding compatibility 939:963 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 5 44 theme sCT 766:768 arg1 profiles 778:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles 757:785 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 6 45 theme multi-component 1003:1017 arg1 hydrogel 1019:1026 this multi-component hydrogel 998:1026 this multi-component hydrogel 998:1026 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 3 46 theme hyaluronic 608:617 arg1 HA 625:626 HA 625:626 HA 625:626 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 46 theme hyaluronic 608:617 arg1 sCT-HA 630:635 sCT-HA 630:635 sCT-HA 630:635 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 46 theme hyaluronic 608:617 arg1 acid 619:622 hyaluronic acid 608:622 hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) 608:636 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 5 47 theme sustained 837:845 arg1 release 851:857 long-term sustained sCT release 827:857 long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) 827:867 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 5 47 theme sustained 837:845 arg1 days 863:866 28 days 860:866 28 days 860:866 In vitro sCT release profiles revealed that this hydrogel can achieve long-term sustained sCT release (28 days) with considerable structure stability. 31802093 1 48 theme effective 252:260 arg1 Pharmacotherapy 153:167 Pharmacotherapy 153:167 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor 153:244 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 1 48 theme effective 252:260 arg1 method 262:267 an effective method 249:267 an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium 249:307 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 31802093 0 49 theme sustained 64:72 arg1 release 92:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 6 50 theme ALP 1052:1054 arg1 2.10-fold 1066:1074 2.10-fold 1066:1074 2.10-fold 1066:1074 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 50 theme ALP 1052:1054 arg1 activity 1056:1063 the higher ALP activity 1041:1063 the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold) 1041:1075 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 3 51 theme injectable 494:503 arg1 hydrogel 522:529 an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel 491:529 an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) 491:566 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 8 52 theme bone 1574:1577 arg1 disease 1587:1593 bone related disease 1574:1593 bone related disease 1574:1593 These findings demonstrate that this osteoconductive hydrogel system can provide a promising method for therapy of bone related disease. 31802093 3 53 theme sCT 600:602 arg1 complex 589:595 the complex 585:595 the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency 585:669 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 54 theme thermo-sensitive 505:520 arg1 hydrogel 522:529 an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel 491:529 an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) 491:566 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 6 55 theme cellular 912:919 arg1 study 921:925 The cellular study 908:925 The cellular study 908:925 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 7 56 dep In 1193:1194 arg1 vivo 1196:1199 vivo 1196:1199 vivo 1196:1199 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 4 57 theme composite 697:705 arg1 hydrogel 707:714 This composite hydrogel 692:714 This composite hydrogel 692:714 This composite hydrogel showed a tunable biodegradable property. 31802093 6 58 theme higher 1045:1050 arg1 2.10-fold 1066:1074 2.10-fold 1066:1074 2.10-fold 1066:1074 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 58 theme higher 1045:1050 arg1 activity 1056:1063 the higher ALP activity 1041:1063 the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold) 1041:1075 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 3 59 theme high 643:646 arg1 efficiency 660:669 high association efficiency 643:669 high association efficiency 643:669 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 6 60 theme sCT 1182:1184 arg1 group 1186:1190 the sCT group 1178:1190 the sCT group 1178:1190 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 61 theme extracellular 1113:1125 arg1 1.10-fold 1147:1155 1.10-fold 1147:1155 1.10-fold 1147:1155 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 61 theme extracellular 1113:1125 arg1 deposition 1135:1144 extracellular calcium deposition 1113:1144 extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) 1113:1156 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 62 theme calcium 1127:1133 arg1 1.10-fold 1147:1155 1.10-fold 1147:1155 1.10-fold 1147:1155 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 6 62 theme calcium 1127:1133 arg1 deposition 1135:1144 extracellular calcium deposition 1113:1144 extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) 1113:1156 The cellular study illustrated outstanding compatibility and osteoconductive potential of this multi-component hydrogel according to the higher ALP activity (2.10-fold), calcium expression (2.30-fold) and extracellular calcium deposition (1.10-fold) compared to that of the sCT group. 31802093 0 63 theme calcitonin 81:90 arg1 release 92:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 3 64 theme association 648:658 arg1 efficiency 660:669 high association efficiency 643:669 high association efficiency 643:669 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 65 theme acid 619:622 arg1 complex 589:595 the complex 585:595 the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency 585:669 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 7 66 theme hypocalcemic 1297:1308 arg1 effect 1310:1315 a continuous hypocalcemic effect 1284:1315 a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days 1284:1338 In vivo sCT release confirmed that this hydrogel system realized sustained sCT release and a continuous hypocalcemic effect for as long as 28 days, and there were no inflammation and immune responses according to the histological evaluations (H&E and IgG staining). 31802093 2 67 theme quick-acting 388:399 arg1 medicine 401:408 a quick-acting medicine 386:408 a quick-acting medicine 386:408 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 2 67 theme quick-acting 388:399 arg1 calcitonin 352:361 salmon calcitonin 345:361 salmon calcitonin (sCT) 345:367 As a clinical therapeutic peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT) is considered as a quick-acting medicine but it is limited by the short half-life. 31802093 0 68 theme salmon 74:79 arg1 release 92:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 sustained salmon calcitonin release 64:98 A thermo-sensitive injectable hydroxypropyl chitin hydrogel for sustained salmon calcitonin release with enhanced osteogenesis and hypocalcemic effects. 31802093 3 69 with complex 589:595 arg1 efficiency 660:669 high association efficiency 643:669 high association efficiency 643:669 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 70 theme hydroxypropyl 540:552 arg1 HPCH 562:565 HPCH 562:565 HPCH 562:565 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 3 70 theme hydroxypropyl 540:552 arg1 chitin 554:559 hydroxypropyl chitin 540:559 hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) 540:566 To address this challenge, we designed an injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) and incorporated the complex of sCT and hyaluronic acid (HA) (sCT-HA) with high association efficiency up to 96.84 ± 7.25%. 31802093 1 71 theme in 281:282 arg1 equilibrium 297:307 in vivo calcium equilibrium 281:307 in vivo calcium equilibrium 281:307 Pharmacotherapy towards hypercalcemia treatment mainly caused by osteoporosis and bone tumor is an effective method to regulate in vivo calcium equilibrium. 29580388 4 0 theme viability 915:923 arg1 percentage 901:910 the increased percentage 887:910 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 4 0 theme viability 915:923 arg1 mineralization 979:992 higher mineralization 972:992 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 7 1 from effect 1358:1363 arg1 construct 1434:1442 the three-dimensional construct 1412:1442 the three-dimensional construct 1412:1442 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 7 1 from effect 1358:1363 arg1 survival 1400:1407 microtissue survival 1388:1407 microtissue survival 1388:1407 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 4 2 theme NGC 1084:1086 arg1 scaffold 1088:1095 NGC scaffold 1084:1095 NGC scaffold 1084:1095 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 6 3 theme SGC 1309:1311 arg1 scaffold 1313:1320 SGC scaffold 1309:1320 SGC scaffold 1309:1320 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 2 4 theme combined 393:400 arg1 approach 402:409 a combined approach 391:409 a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 391:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 4 5 theme proliferation 926:938 arg1 percentage 901:910 the increased percentage 887:910 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 4 5 theme proliferation 926:938 arg1 mineralization 979:992 higher mineralization 972:992 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 6 dep along 712:716 arg1 with 718:721 with 718:721 with 718:721 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 8 7 contain have 1609:1612 arg1 scaffolds 1593:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 8 7 contain have 1609:1612 arg2 application 1626:1636 a potential application 1614:1636 a potential application 1614:1636 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 7 8 theme SGC 1510:1512 arg1 scaffolds 1514:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 7 9 theme significant 1453:1463 arg1 viability 1472:1480 significant higher viability 1453:1480 significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds 1453:1522 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 6 10 theme spheroid 1278:1285 arg1 penetration 1254:1264 a penetration 1252:1264 a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth 1252:1304 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 1 11 theme three-dimensional 234:250 arg1 scaffold 252:259 a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold 220:259 a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering 220:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 3 12 theme non-macroporous 771:785 arg1 scaffold 845:852 non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold 771:852 non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold 771:852 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 4 13 from mineralization 979:992 arg1 SGC 1065:1067 SGC 1065:1067 SGC 1065:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 14 theme greater 597:603 arg1 size 610:613 a greater pore size 595:613 a greater pore size 595:613 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 6 15 theme cellular 1269:1276 arg1 spheroid 1278:1285 cellular spheroid 1269:1285 cellular spheroid 1269:1285 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 16 theme conventional 805:816 arg1 methodology 832:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 5 17 theme enhanced 1117:1124 arg1 level 1137:1141 enhanced expression level 1117:1141 enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 1117:1183 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 1 18 theme tissue 270:275 arg1 engineering 277:287 bone tissue engineering 265:287 bone tissue engineering 265:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 4 19 dep MSC 1034:1036 arg1 wjhMSC-MT 1051:1059 wjhMSC-MT 1051:1059 wjhMSC-MT 1051:1059 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 4 19 dep MSC 1034:1036 arg1 microtissue 1038:1048 microtissue 1038:1048 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 20 theme higher 616:621 arg1 porosity 623:630 higher porosity 616:630 higher porosity 616:630 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 2 21 theme work 309:312 arg1 novelty 294:300 The novelty 290:300 The novelty of the work 290:312 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 4 22 theme jelly 1028:1032 arg1 MSC 1034:1036 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 23 theme drying 825:830 arg1 methodology 832:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 24 dep non-macroporous 771:785 arg1 NGC 788:790 NGC 788:790 NGC 788:790 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 25 theme water 640:644 arg1 capacity 656:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 7 26 from viability 1472:1480 arg1 scaffolds 1514:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 2 27 theme freeze 534:539 arg1 drying 541:546 freeze drying 534:546 freeze drying 534:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 0 28 theme tissue 109:114 arg1 applications 128:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 5 29 theme osteocalcin 1163:1173 arg1 level 1137:1141 enhanced expression level 1117:1141 enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 1117:1183 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 4 30 theme differentiated 997:1010 arg1 MSC 1034:1036 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 8 31 theme stirring 1566:1573 arg1 scaffolds 1593:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 4 32 from percentage 901:910 arg1 SGC 1065:1067 SGC 1065:1067 SGC 1065:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 8 33 theme macroporous 1581:1591 arg1 scaffolds 1593:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 2 34 theme chitosan 473:480 arg1 matrix 515:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix 447:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 447:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 5 35 theme collagen 1146:1153 arg1 type 1155:1158 collagen type I 1146:1160 collagen type I 1146:1160 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 0 36 theme gelatin/carboxymethyl 15:35 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl 0:35 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 1 37 theme present 146:152 arg1 study 154:158 The present study 142:158 The present study 142:158 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 3 38 theme sustained 675:683 arg1 rate 707:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 2 39 theme gelatin/carboxymethyl 451:471 arg1 matrix 515:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix 447:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 447:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 0 40 theme composite 66:74 arg1 scaffold 91:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold 66:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications 66:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 5 41 theme Runx2 1179:1183 arg1 level 1137:1141 enhanced expression level 1117:1141 enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 1117:1183 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 8 42 theme bone 1641:1644 arg1 engineering 1653:1663 bone tissue engineering 1641:1663 bone tissue engineering 1641:1663 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 3 43 theme slow 666:669 arg1 rate 707:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 0 44 theme macroporous 79:89 arg1 scaffold 91:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold 66:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications 66:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 6 45 theme histological 1213:1224 arg1 analysis 1226:1233 histological analysis 1213:1233 histological analysis 1213:1233 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 46 theme degradation 695:705 arg1 rate 707:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 47 theme macroporous 564:574 arg1 scaffold 582:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 48 theme higher 723:728 arg1 strength 742:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 2 49 theme interconnected 358:371 arg1 macroporosity 343:355 macroporosity 343:355 macroporosity (interconnected networks) 343:381 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 2 49 theme interconnected 358:371 arg1 networks 373:380 interconnected networks 358:380 interconnected networks 358:380 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 6 50 theme greater 1292:1298 arg1 depth 1300:1304 a greater depth 1290:1304 a greater depth 1290:1304 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 51 theme SGC 577:579 arg1 scaffold 582:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 7 52 theme macroporous 1498:1508 arg1 scaffolds 1514:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 macroporous SGC scaffolds 1498:1522 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 3 53 theme pore 605:608 arg1 size 610:613 a greater pore size 595:613 a greater pore size 595:613 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 1 54 theme macroporous 222:232 arg1 scaffold 252:259 a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold 220:259 a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering 220:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 4 55 theme increased 891:899 arg1 percentage 901:910 the increased percentage 887:910 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 1 56 theme scaffold 252:259 arg1 fabrication 205:215 fabrication 205:215 fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering 205:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 1 57 theme bone 265:268 arg1 engineering 277:287 bone tissue engineering 265:287 bone tissue engineering 265:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 4 58 theme higher 972:977 arg1 mineralization 979:992 higher mineralization 972:992 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 7 59 theme three-dimensional 1416:1432 arg1 construct 1434:1442 the three-dimensional construct 1412:1442 the three-dimensional construct 1412:1442 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 3 60 theme freeze 818:823 arg1 methodology 832:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 conventional freeze drying methodology 805:842 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 5 61 theme expression 1126:1135 arg1 level 1137:1141 enhanced expression level 1117:1141 enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 1117:1183 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 6 62 theme NGC 1327:1329 arg1 scaffold 1331:1338 NGC scaffold 1327:1338 NGC scaffold 1327:1338 μCT and histological analysis further revealed a penetration of cellular spheroid to a greater depth in SGC scaffold than NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 63 theme retention 646:654 arg1 capacity 656:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 4 64 theme differentiation 945:959 arg1 percentage 901:910 the increased percentage 887:910 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 4 64 theme differentiation 945:959 arg1 mineralization 979:992 higher mineralization 972:992 the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC 887:1067 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 7 65 theme microtissue 1388:1398 arg1 survival 1400:1407 microtissue survival 1388:1407 microtissue survival 1388:1407 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 0 66 theme bone 104:107 arg1 applications 128:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 3 67 theme higher 633:638 arg1 capacity 656:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 1 68 theme simpler 184:190 arg1 approach 192:199 a relatively simpler approach 171:199 a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering 171:287 The present study delineates a relatively simpler approach for fabrication of a macroporous three-dimensional scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 29580388 2 69 with scaffold 329:336 arg1 macroporosity 343:355 macroporosity 343:355 macroporosity (interconnected networks) 343:381 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 2 69 with scaffold 329:336 arg1 networks 373:380 interconnected networks 358:380 interconnected networks 358:380 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 8 70 theme high 1561:1564 arg1 scaffolds 1593:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 7 71 theme cryopreservation 1368:1383 arg1 effect 1358:1363 the effect 1354:1363 the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct 1354:1442 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 0 72 theme engineering 116:126 arg1 applications 128:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 bone tissue engineering applications 104:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 7 73 dep significant 1453:1463 arg1 higher 1465:1470 higher 1465:1470 higher 1465:1470 Furthermore, the effect of cryopreservation on microtissue survival on the three-dimensional construct revealed significant higher viability upon revival in macroporous SGC scaffolds. 29580388 8 74 theme based 1575:1579 arg1 scaffolds 1593:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 high stirring based macroporous scaffolds 1561:1601 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 4 75 theme human 1012:1016 arg1 MSC 1034:1036 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) 997:1060 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 5 76 theme type 1155:1158 arg1 level 1137:1141 enhanced expression level 1117:1141 enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 1117:1183 RT-PCR also showed enhanced expression level of collagen type I, osteocalcin and Runx2 when seeded on SGC. 29580388 2 77 theme /nano-hydroxyapatite 487:506 arg1 matrix 515:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix 447:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 447:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 8 78 theme potential 1616:1624 arg1 application 1626:1636 a potential application 1614:1636 a potential application 1614:1636 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 2 79 theme stirring 419:426 arg1 approach 402:409 a combined approach 391:409 a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 391:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 2 80 theme CMC 483:485 arg1 matrix 515:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix 447:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 447:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 2 81 theme high 414:417 arg1 stirring 419:426 high stirring 414:426 high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 414:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 0 82 theme 3D 76:77 arg1 scaffold 91:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold 66:98 composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications 66:139 Development of gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite 3D macroporous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. 29580388 2 83 theme matrix 515:520 arg1 foaming 436:442 foaming 436:442 foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 436:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 8 84 theme tissue 1646:1651 arg1 engineering 1653:1663 bone tissue engineering 1641:1663 bone tissue engineering 1641:1663 These results together suggest that high stirring based macroporous scaffolds could have a potential application in bone tissue engineering. 29580388 2 85 theme nHAp 509:512 arg1 matrix 515:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix 447:520 the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying 447:546 The novelty of the work is to obtain a scaffold with macroporosity (interconnected networks) through a combined approach of high stirring induced foaming of the gelatin/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) matrix followed by freeze drying. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg2 capacity 656:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 higher water retention capacity 633:663 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg2 strength 742:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg2 rate 707:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg2 size 610:613 a greater pore size 595:613 a greater pore size 595:613 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg2 porosity 623:630 higher porosity 616:630 higher porosity 616:630 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 86 contain had 591:593 arg1 scaffold 582:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 4 87 theme biological 859:868 arg1 studies 870:876 The biological studies 855:876 The biological studies 855:876 The biological studies revealed the increased percentage of viability, proliferation, and differentiation as well as higher mineralization of differentiated human Wharton's jelly MSC microtissue (wjhMSC-MT) on SGC as compared to NGC scaffold. 29580388 3 88 theme fabricated 553:562 arg1 scaffold 582:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold 549:589 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 89 theme enzymatic 685:693 arg1 rate 707:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate 666:710 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 29580388 3 90 theme compressive 730:740 arg1 strength 742:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 higher compressive strength 723:749 The fabricated macroporous (SGC) scaffold had a greater pore size, higher porosity, higher water retention capacity, slow and sustained enzymatic degradation rate along with higher compressive strength compared to that of non-macroporous (NGC, prepared by conventional freeze drying methodology) scaffold. 31048236 4 0 from capacity 590:597 arg1 order 606:610 the order 602:610 the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite 602:649 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 5 1 theme pseudo 751:756 arg1 kinetics 771:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 3 2 from present 440:446 arg1 nano-composite 455:468 the nano-composite 451:468 the nano-composite 451:468 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 3 3 theme aerial 501:506 arg1 oxidation 508:516 aerial oxidation 501:516 aerial oxidation of Fe(II) 501:526 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 0 4 theme nano 87:90 arg1 MgS/FeS 92:98 nano MgS/FeS 87:98 nano MgS/FeS 87:98 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 0 5 from insights 12:19 arg1 decontamination 43:57 decontamination 43:57 decontamination 43:57 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 0 5 from insights 12:19 arg1 immobilization 24:37 immobilization 24:37 immobilization 24:37 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 6 6 theme X-ray 816:820 arg1 XPS 850:852 XPS 850:852 XPS 850:852 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 6 theme X-ray 816:820 arg1 spectroscopy 836:847 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 816:847 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies 816:861 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 1 7 theme doped 185:189 arg1 FeMgSCNF 213:220 FeMgSCNF 213:220 FeMgSCNF 213:220 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 1 7 theme doped 185:189 arg1 nanofibres 201:210 nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres 173:210 nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) 173:221 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 6 8 theme Cr 989:990 arg1 reduction 976:984 reduction 976:984 reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) 976:1005 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 0 9 theme cellulose 106:114 arg1 nanofibres 116:125 cellulose nanofibres 106:125 cellulose nanofibres 106:125 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 6 10 dep Cr 989:990 arg1 VI 992:993 VI 992:993 VI 992:993 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 8 11 theme developed 1170:1178 arg1 sorbents 1180:1187 the developed sorbents 1166:1187 the developed sorbents 1166:1187 Finally the developed sorbents were successfully applied to the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents. 31048236 3 12 dep barrier 481:487 arg1 suppress 492:499 suppress 492:499 to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) 489:526 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 3 12 dep barrier 481:487 arg1 provided 532:539 provided 532:539 provided additional source of sulfide ions 532:573 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 4 13 theme hexavalent 673:682 arg1 chromium 684:691 hexavalent chromium 673:691 hexavalent chromium 673:691 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 6 14 theme Cr 897:898 arg1 decontamination 878:892 decontamination 878:892 decontamination of Cr(VI) 878:902 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 1 15 theme cellulose 191:199 arg1 FeMgSCNF 213:220 FeMgSCNF 213:220 FeMgSCNF 213:220 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 1 15 theme cellulose 191:199 arg1 nanofibres 201:210 nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres 173:210 nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) 173:221 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 5 16 theme first 735:739 arg1 order 741:745 pseudo first order 728:745 pseudo first order 728:745 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 7 17 theme Toxicity 1077:1084 arg1 tests 1111:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests revealed the efficacy of immobilization. 31048236 3 18 attach present 440:446 arg1 nano-composite 455:468 the nano-composite 451:468 the nano-composite 451:468 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 3 18 attach present 440:446 arg2 MgS 436:438 MgS 436:438 MgS present in the nano-composite 436:468 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 7 19 theme immobilization 1142:1155 arg1 efficacy 1130:1137 the efficacy 1126:1137 the efficacy of immobilization 1126:1155 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests revealed the efficacy of immobilization. 31048236 3 20 theme present 440:446 arg1 MgS 436:438 MgS 436:438 MgS present in the nano-composite 436:468 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 5 21 theme second 758:763 arg1 kinetics 771:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 2 22 theme Cellulose 321:329 arg1 CNF 343:345 CNF 343:345 CNF 343:345 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 22 theme Cellulose 321:329 arg1 nanofibres 331:340 Cellulose nanofibres 321:340 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) 321:346 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 22 theme Cellulose 321:329 arg1 agglomeration 395:407 agglomeration 395:407 agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles 395:433 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 22 theme Cellulose 321:329 arg1 template 358:365 a template 356:365 a template 356:365 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 0 23 theme Mechanistic 0:10 arg1 insights 12:19 Mechanistic insights 0:19 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS 0:98 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 4 24 theme composite 641:649 arg1 142.8 mg/g 615:624 142.8 mg/g 615:624 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite 615:649 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 7 25 theme leaching 1102:1109 arg1 tests 1111:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests revealed the efficacy of immobilization. 31048236 8 26 theme tannery 1247:1253 arg1 effluents 1261:1269 tannery waste effluents 1247:1269 tannery waste effluents 1247:1269 Finally the developed sorbents were successfully applied to the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents. 31048236 8 27 from effluents 1261:1269 arg1 removal 1222:1228 the removal 1218:1228 the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents 1218:1269 Finally the developed sorbents were successfully applied to the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents. 31048236 2 28 theme nano 420:423 arg1 particles 425:433 FeS/MgS nano particles 412:433 FeS/MgS nano particles 412:433 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 29 theme particles 425:433 arg1 nanofibres 331:340 Cellulose nanofibres 321:340 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) 321:346 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 29 theme particles 425:433 arg1 agglomeration 395:407 agglomeration 395:407 agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles 395:433 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 2 29 theme particles 425:433 arg1 template 358:365 a template 356:365 a template 356:365 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 1 30 theme Cr 313:314 arg1 decontamination 294:308 the decontamination 290:308 the decontamination of Cr(VI) 290:318 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 3 31 theme additional 541:550 arg1 source 552:557 additional source 541:557 additional source of sulfide ions 541:573 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 2 32 theme FeS/MgS 412:418 arg1 particles 425:433 FeS/MgS nano particles 412:433 FeS/MgS nano particles 412:433 Cellulose nanofibres (CNF) acts as a template and stabilizer and prevents agglomeration of FeS/MgS nano particles. 31048236 5 33 theme order 765:769 arg1 kinetics 771:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 pseudo second order kinetics 751:778 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 6 34 theme Fe-Cr 1058:1062 arg1 oxide 1070:1074 Fe-Cr mixed oxide 1058:1074 Fe-Cr mixed oxide 1058:1074 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 8 35 theme chromium 1233:1240 arg1 removal 1222:1228 the removal 1218:1228 the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents 1218:1269 Finally the developed sorbents were successfully applied to the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents. 31048236 4 36 theme bionano 633:639 arg1 composite 641:649 the bionano composite 629:649 the bionano composite 629:649 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 6 37 theme attraction 939:948 arg1 ion-exchange 951:962 ion-exchange 951:962 ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) 951:1005 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 37 theme attraction 939:948 arg1 route 916:920 the route 912:920 the route of electrostatic attraction 912:948 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 37 theme attraction 939:948 arg1 immobilization 1011:1024 immobilization 1011:1024 immobilization of Cr(III) 1011:1035 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 7 38 theme characteristics 1086:1100 arg1 tests 1111:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests 1077:1115 Toxicity characteristics leaching tests revealed the efficacy of immobilization. 31048236 4 39 theme 142.8 mg/g 615:624 arg1 order 606:610 the order 602:610 the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite 602:649 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 0 40 theme hexavalent 62:71 arg1 chromium 73:80 hexavalent chromium 62:80 hexavalent chromium 62:80 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 6 41 theme electrostatic 925:937 arg1 attraction 939:948 electrostatic attraction 925:948 electrostatic attraction 925:948 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 3 42 theme sulfide 562:568 arg1 ions 570:573 sulfide ions 562:573 sulfide ions 562:573 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 1 43 theme Sustainable 128:138 arg1 composite 149:157 Sustainable bio nano composite 128:157 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) 128:221 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 5 44 theme regression 785:794 arg1 coefficients 796:807 regression coefficients >0.96 785:813 regression coefficients >0.96 785:813 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 3 45 theme ions 570:573 arg1 source 552:557 additional source 541:557 additional source of sulfide ions 541:573 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 3 46 from nano-composite 455:468 arg1 present 440:446 present 440:446 present 440:446 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 1 47 theme bio 140:142 arg1 composite 149:157 Sustainable bio nano composite 128:157 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) 128:221 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 1 48 theme nano 144:147 arg1 composite 149:157 Sustainable bio nano composite 128:157 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) 128:221 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 5 49 theme pseudo 728:733 arg1 order 741:745 pseudo first order 728:745 pseudo first order 728:745 Both FeSCNF and FeMgSCNF followed pseudo first order and pseudo second order kinetics with regression coefficients >0.96. 31048236 6 50 theme spectroscopy 836:847 arg1 studies 855:861 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies 816:861 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies 816:861 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 8 51 theme waste 1255:1259 arg1 effluents 1261:1269 tannery waste effluents 1247:1269 tannery waste effluents 1247:1269 Finally the developed sorbents were successfully applied to the removal of chromium from tannery waste effluents. 31048236 6 52 theme mixed 1064:1068 arg1 oxide 1070:1074 Fe-Cr mixed oxide 1058:1074 Fe-Cr mixed oxide 1058:1074 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 4 53 theme adsorption 579:588 arg1 capacity 590:597 An adsorption capacity 576:597 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite 576:649 An adsorption capacity in the order of 142.8 mg/g of the bionano composite was exhibited towards hexavalent chromium. 31048236 6 54 theme photoelectron 822:834 arg1 XPS 850:852 XPS 850:852 XPS 850:852 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 54 theme photoelectron 822:834 arg1 spectroscopy 836:847 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 816:847 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies 816:861 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 55 theme chromic 1040:1046 arg1 oxide 1048:1052 chromic oxide 1040:1052 chromic oxide 1040:1052 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 56 theme Cr 1029:1030 arg1 ion-exchange 951:962 ion-exchange 951:962 ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) 951:1005 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 56 theme Cr 1029:1030 arg1 route 916:920 the route 912:920 the route of electrostatic attraction 912:948 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 6 56 theme Cr 1029:1030 arg1 immobilization 1011:1024 immobilization 1011:1024 immobilization of Cr(III) 1011:1035 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31048236 1 57 theme various 254:260 arg1 techniques 262:271 various techniques 254:271 various techniques 254:271 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 0 58 theme chromium 73:80 arg1 decontamination 43:57 decontamination 43:57 decontamination 43:57 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 0 58 theme chromium 73:80 arg1 immobilization 24:37 immobilization 24:37 immobilization 24:37 Mechanistic insights on immobilization and decontamination of hexavalent chromium onto nano MgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres. 31048236 1 59 dep Cr 313:314 arg1 VI 316:317 VI 316:317 VI 316:317 Sustainable bio nano composite comprising of nanoMgS/FeS doped cellulose nanofibres (FeMgSCNF) was prepared, characterized by various techniques and assessed for the decontamination of Cr(VI). 31048236 3 60 theme Fe 521:522 arg1 oxidation 508:516 aerial oxidation 501:516 aerial oxidation of Fe(II) 501:526 MgS present in the nano-composite provides a barrier to suppress aerial oxidation of Fe(II) and provided additional source of sulfide ions. 31048236 6 61 dep Cr 897:898 arg1 VI 900:901 VI 900:901 VI 900:901 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicated that decontamination of Cr(VI) follows the route of electrostatic attraction, ion-exchange followed by reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and immobilization of Cr(III) as chromic oxide and Fe-Cr mixed oxide. 31426957 4 0 theme 1,5-linked 872:881 arg1 α-L-Araf 883:890 1,5-linked α-L-Araf 872:890 1,5-linked α-L-Araf 872:890 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 2 1 theme anion-exchange 379:392 arg1 chromatography 394:407 anion-exchange chromatography 379:407 anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column 379:465 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 3 2 from xylose 582:587 arg1 ratio 614:618 a molar ratio 606:618 a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9 606:650 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 4 3 contain contained 661:669 arg1 LRP3-S1 653:659 LRP3-S1 653:659 LRP3-S1 653:659 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 3 contain contained 661:669 arg2 backbone 701:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone 671:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp 671:954 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 4 link 1,3-linked 807:816 arg1 β-D-Galp 818:825 1,3-linked β-D-Galp 807:825 1,3-linked β-D-Galp 807:825 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 0 5 theme anti-pancreatic 90:104 arg1 activity 133:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 5 6 theme cells 1049:1053 arg1 growth 1021:1026 the growth 1017:1026 the growth of pancreatic cancer cells 1017:1053 Biological activity tests showed that LRP3-S1 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. 31426957 6 7 theme MAP 1199:1201 arg1 kinase 1203:1208 p-p38 MAP kinase 1193:1208 p-p38 MAP kinase 1193:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 3 8 from arabinose 593:601 arg1 ratio 614:618 a molar ratio 606:618 a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9 606:650 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 4 9 theme rhamnose 742:749 arg1 units 751:755 rhamnose units 742:755 rhamnose units 742:755 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 6 10 theme p-AKT 1173:1177 arg1 expression 1152:1161 protein expression 1144:1161 protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase 1144:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 4 11 theme side 760:763 arg1 chains 765:770 side chains 760:770 side chains 760:770 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 3 12 theme galacturonic 552:563 arg1 rhamnose 542:549 rhamnose 542:549 rhamnose 542:549 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 3 12 theme galacturonic 552:563 arg1 acid 565:568 galacturonic acid 552:568 galacturonic acid 552:568 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 0 13 theme adenocarcinoma 113:126 arg1 activity 133:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 5 14 theme Biological 957:966 arg1 tests 977:981 Biological activity tests 957:981 Biological activity tests 957:981 Biological activity tests showed that LRP3-S1 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. 31426957 3 15 from galactose 571:579 arg1 ratio 614:618 a molar ratio 606:618 a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9 606:650 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 3 16 theme composition 483:493 arg1 analysis 495:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis 468:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis 468:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 0 17 theme ductal 106:111 arg1 activity 133:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 6 18 theme protein 1144:1150 arg1 expression 1152:1161 protein expression 1144:1161 protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase 1144:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 2 19 theme polysaccharide 293:306 arg1 LRP3-S1 309:315 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 279:315 LRP3-S1 309:315 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 1 20 theme hot 223:225 arg1 extraction 233:242 hot water extraction 223:242 hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation 223:276 Crude polysaccharides were obtained from fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. 31426957 6 21 theme invasion 1093:1100 arg1 ability 1102:1108 invasion ability 1093:1108 invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells 1093:1124 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 3 22 theme molar 608:612 arg1 ratio 614:618 a molar ratio 606:618 a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9 606:650 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 2 23 theme Sepharose™Fast 417:430 arg1 Flow 432:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 4 24 theme 1,3,6-linked 849:860 arg1 β-D-Galp 862:869 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp 849:869 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp 849:869 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 2 25 theme molecular 333:341 arg1 weight 343:348 a relative molecular weight 322:348 a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa 322:361 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 2 26 theme DEAE 412:415 arg1 Flow 432:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 4 27 link 1,5-linked 872:881 arg1 α-L-Araf 883:890 1,5-linked α-L-Araf 872:890 1,5-linked α-L-Araf 872:890 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 2 28 from chromatography 394:407 arg1 Flow 432:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow 412:435 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 2 28 from chromatography 394:407 arg1 column 460:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 2 29 theme relative 324:331 arg1 weight 343:348 a relative molecular weight 322:348 a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa 322:361 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 1 30 theme Murr 212:215 arg1 fruits 184:189 fruits 184:189 fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation 184:276 Crude polysaccharides were obtained from fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. 31426957 0 31 theme structural 14:23 arg1 characterization 25:40 structural characterization 14:40 structural characterization 14:40 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 0 32 theme cell 128:131 arg1 activity 133:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity 86:140 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 4 33 theme T-linked 938:945 arg1 β-D-Xylp 947:954 T-linked β-D-Xylp 938:954 T-linked β-D-Xylp 938:954 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 0 34 dep Lycium 59:64 arg1 ruthenicum 66:75 ruthenicum 66:75 ruthenicum 66:75 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 2 35 theme HR 457:458 arg1 column 460:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 0 36 from Murr 77:80 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 0 36 from Murr 77:80 arg1 characterization 25:40 structural characterization 14:40 structural characterization 14:40 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 5 37 theme pancreatic 1031:1040 arg1 cells 1049:1053 pancreatic cancer cells 1031:1053 pancreatic cancer cells 1031:1053 Biological activity tests showed that LRP3-S1 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. 31426957 3 38 theme Monosaccharide 468:481 arg1 analysis 495:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis 468:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis 468:502 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 2 39 theme S-300 451:455 arg1 column 460:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 4 40 link 1,6-linked 828:837 arg1 β-D-Galp 839:846 1,6-linked β-D-Galp 828:846 1,6-linked β-D-Galp 828:846 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 41 link 1,3,6-linked 849:860 arg1 β-D-Galp 862:869 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp 849:869 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp 849:869 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 6 42 theme p-p38 1193:1197 arg1 kinase 1203:1208 p-p38 MAP kinase 1193:1208 p-p38 MAP kinase 1193:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 4 43 theme 1,3-linked 807:816 arg1 β-D-Galp 818:825 1,3-linked β-D-Galp 807:825 1,3-linked β-D-Galp 807:825 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 1 44 theme water 227:231 arg1 extraction 233:242 hot water extraction 223:242 hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation 223:276 Crude polysaccharides were obtained from fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. 31426957 4 45 link T-linked 916:923 arg1 α-L-Araf 925:932 T-linked α-L-Araf 916:932 T-linked α-L-Araf 916:932 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 3 46 theme 24.9 647:650 arg1 ratio 614:618 a molar ratio 606:618 a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9 606:650 Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that LRP3-S1 was composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 14.4: 17.7: 26.6: 16.4: 24.9. 31426957 4 47 theme 1,6-linked 828:837 arg1 β-D-Galp 839:846 1,6-linked β-D-Galp 828:846 1,6-linked β-D-Galp 828:846 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 6 48 theme BxPC-3 1113:1118 arg1 cells 1120:1124 BxPC-3 cells 1113:1124 BxPC-3 cells 1113:1124 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 0 49 theme pectin 47:52 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 0 49 theme pectin 47:52 arg1 characterization 25:40 structural characterization 14:40 structural characterization 14:40 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 4 50 link T-linked 788:795 arg1 β-D-Galp 797:804 T-linked β-D-Galp 788:804 T-linked β-D-Galp 788:804 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 51 theme 1,3,5-linked 893:904 arg1 α-L-Araf 906:913 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf 893:913 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf 893:913 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 52 link 1,3,5-linked 893:904 arg1 α-L-Araf 906:913 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf 893:913 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf 893:913 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 6 53 theme kinase 1203:1208 arg1 expression 1152:1161 protein expression 1144:1161 protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase 1144:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 4 54 theme T-linked 916:923 arg1 α-L-Araf 925:932 T-linked α-L-Araf 916:932 T-linked α-L-Araf 916:932 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 55 theme rhamnogalacturonan 673:690 arg1 backbone 701:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone 671:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp 671:954 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 2 56 theme homogeneous 281:291 arg1 LRP3-S1 309:315 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 279:315 LRP3-S1 309:315 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 5 57 theme cancer 1042:1047 arg1 cells 1049:1053 pancreatic cancer cells 1031:1053 pancreatic cancer cells 1031:1053 Biological activity tests showed that LRP3-S1 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. 31426957 2 58 theme 114.8 kDa 353:361 arg1 weight 343:348 a relative molecular weight 322:348 a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa 322:361 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 5 59 theme activity 968:975 arg1 tests 977:981 Biological activity tests 957:981 Biological activity tests 957:981 Biological activity tests showed that LRP3-S1 could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. 31426957 6 60 theme p-GSK-3β 1180:1187 arg1 expression 1152:1161 protein expression 1144:1161 protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase 1144:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 4 61 link T-linked 938:945 arg1 β-D-Xylp 947:954 T-linked β-D-Xylp 938:954 T-linked β-D-Xylp 938:954 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 4 62 theme units 751:755 arg1 C-4 735:737 C-4 735:737 C-4 of rhamnose units 735:755 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 1 63 theme Crude 143:147 arg1 polysaccharides 149:163 Crude polysaccharides 143:163 Crude polysaccharides 143:163 Crude polysaccharides were obtained from fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. 31426957 4 64 theme T-linked 788:795 arg1 β-D-Galp 797:804 T-linked β-D-Galp 788:804 T-linked β-D-Galp 788:804 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 2 65 theme Sephacryl 441:449 arg1 column 460:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 Sephacryl S-300 HR column 441:465 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 4 66 theme RG-I 695:698 arg1 backbone 701:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone 671:708 a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp 671:954 LRP3-S1 contained a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone partially substituted at C-4 of rhamnose units by side chains, which included T-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3-linked β-D-Galp, 1,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,3,6-linked β-D-Galp, 1,5-linked α-L-Araf, 1,3,5-linked α-L-Araf, T-linked α-L-Araf and T-linked β-D-Xylp. 31426957 0 67 from activity 133:140 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 0 67 from activity 133:140 arg1 characterization 25:40 structural characterization 14:40 structural characterization 14:40 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 0 68 theme Lycium 59:64 arg1 Murr 77:80 Lycium ruthenicum Murr 59:80 Lycium ruthenicum Murr 59:80 Isolation and structural characterization of a pectin from Lycium ruthenicum Murr and its anti-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell activity. 31426957 6 69 theme p-FAK 1166:1170 arg1 expression 1152:1161 protein expression 1144:1161 protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase 1144:1208 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 2 70 with LRP3-S1 309:315 arg1 weight 343:348 a relative molecular weight 322:348 a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa 322:361 A homogeneous polysaccharide, LRP3-S1 with a relative molecular weight of 114.8 kDa was purified by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose™Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 HR column. 31426957 6 71 theme cells 1120:1124 arg1 ability 1102:1108 invasion ability 1093:1108 invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells 1093:1124 In addition, LRP3-S1 could attenuate invasion ability of BxPC-3 cells and down-regulate protein expression of p-FAK, p-AKT, p-GSK-3β and p-p38 MAP kinase. 31426957 1 72 theme ethanol 256:262 arg1 precipitation 264:276 ethanol precipitation 256:276 ethanol precipitation 256:276 Crude polysaccharides were obtained from fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr using hot water extraction followed by ethanol precipitation. 30639594 5 0 theme composite 818:826 arg1 microspheres 828:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 6 1 theme same 980:983 arg1 interval 990:997 a same time interval 978:997 a same time interval 978:997 Within a same time interval, the whole blood clotting kinetics showed that CSMS-S could form larger blood clots than CSMS. 30639594 7 2 theme CSMS 1155:1158 arg1 114 s 1146:1150 114 s 1146:1150 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model 1146:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 1 3 theme hemostatic 154:163 arg1 efficiency 165:174 their hemostatic efficiency 148:174 their hemostatic efficiency for controlling severe traumatic bleeding 148:216 Chitosan has been made into various hemostats, but their hemostatic efficiency for controlling severe traumatic bleeding is still inadequate. 30639594 9 4 theme promising 1390:1398 arg1 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 9 4 theme promising 1390:1398 arg1 agent 1417:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent 1388:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control 1388:1456 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 7 5 from 114 s 1146:1150 arg1 97 s 1136:1139 97 s 1136:1139 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model 1136:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 7 5 from 114 s 1146:1150 arg1 model 1188:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 3 6 theme surfactant 536:545 arg1 method 558:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 5 7 from chitosan 762:769 arg1 mechanisms 746:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms 716:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica 716:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 8 theme mesoporous 775:784 arg1 nanoparticles 793:805 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 775:805 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 775:805 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 7 9 from model 1188:1192 arg1 114 s 1146:1150 114 s 1146:1150 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model 1146:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 9 10 theme quick 1400:1404 arg1 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 9 10 theme quick 1400:1404 arg1 agent 1417:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent 1388:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control 1388:1456 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 8 11 theme histological 1216:1227 arg1 analysis 1229:1236 histological analysis 1216:1236 histological analysis 1216:1236 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 3 12 theme chitosan-silica 358:372 arg1 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 12 theme chitosan-silica 358:372 arg1 microspheres 384:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres 351:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy 351:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 8 13 theme noticeable 1293:1302 arg1 effects 1312:1318 noticeable adverse effects 1293:1318 noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound 1293:1346 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 2 14 theme quick 271:275 arg1 hemostats 277:285 quick hemostats 271:285 quick hemostats 271:285 The aim of this work is to make quick hemostats by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles into chitosan. 30639594 5 15 theme component 924:932 arg1 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 15 theme component 924:932 arg1 microspheres 950:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres 913:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS) 913:968 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 3 16 theme composite 374:382 arg1 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 16 theme composite 374:382 arg1 microspheres 384:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres 351:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy 351:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 7 17 theme liver 1171:1175 arg1 model 1188:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 0 18 theme Mesoporous 0:9 arg1 nanoparticles 18:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 0:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 0:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carried on chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control. 30639594 5 19 theme porous 934:939 arg1 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 19 theme porous 934:939 arg1 microspheres 950:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres 913:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS) 913:968 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 0 20 theme silica 11:16 arg1 nanoparticles 18:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 0:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 0:30 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carried on chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control. 30639594 5 21 theme let 807:809 arg1 microspheres 828:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 7 22 theme hemostatic 1098:1107 arg1 down 1128:1131 down 1128:1131 down 1128:1131 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 7 22 theme hemostatic 1098:1107 arg1 time 1109:1112 The hemostatic time 1094:1112 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S 1094:1122 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 5 23 theme chitosan 941:948 arg1 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 23 theme chitosan 941:948 arg1 microspheres 950:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres 913:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS) 913:968 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 3 24 theme high 411:414 arg1 efficacy 427:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 4 25 theme mesoporous 584:593 arg1 nanoparticles 602:614 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 584:614 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 584:614 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 8 26 theme hemostatic 1268:1277 arg1 agent 1279:1283 a safe hemostatic agent 1261:1283 a safe hemostatic agent 1261:1283 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 8 26 theme hemostatic 1268:1277 arg1 CSMS-S 1250:1255 CSMS-S 1250:1255 CSMS-S 1250:1255 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 9 27 theme hemostatic 1406:1415 arg1 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 CSMS-K 1378:1383 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 9 27 theme hemostatic 1406:1415 arg1 agent 1417:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent 1388:1421 a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control 1388:1456 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 2 28 theme silica 315:320 arg1 nanoparticles 322:334 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 304:334 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 304:334 The aim of this work is to make quick hemostats by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles into chitosan. 30639594 4 29 theme inner 698:702 arg1 macropores 704:713 inner macropores 698:713 inner macropores 698:713 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 5 30 theme better 880:885 arg1 potential 898:906 better hemostatic potential 880:906 better hemostatic potential 880:906 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 31 theme hemostatic 735:744 arg1 mechanisms 746:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms 716:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica 716:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 2 32 theme mesoporous 304:313 arg1 nanoparticles 322:334 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 304:334 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 304:334 The aim of this work is to make quick hemostats by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles into chitosan. 30639594 8 33 theme adverse 1304:1310 arg1 effects 1312:1318 noticeable adverse effects 1293:1318 noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound 1293:1346 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 5 34 theme hemostatic 887:896 arg1 potential 898:906 better hemostatic potential 880:906 better hemostatic potential 880:906 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 4 35 theme nanoparticles 602:614 arg1 number 574:579 A large number 566:579 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles 566:614 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 4 36 contain had 673:675 arg2 macropores 704:713 inner macropores 698:713 inner macropores 698:713 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 4 36 contain had 673:675 arg2 surface 686:692 abundant surface 677:692 abundant surface 677:692 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 4 36 contain had 673:675 arg1 microspheres 653:664 the CSMS-S microspheres 642:664 the CSMS-S microspheres 642:664 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 5 37 with chitosan 762:769 arg1 amount 853:858 proper amount 846:858 proper amount of silica 846:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 37 with chitosan 762:769 arg1 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 0 38 theme chitosan 43:50 arg1 microspheres 52:63 chitosan microspheres 43:63 chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control 43:94 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carried on chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control. 30639594 4 39 theme silica 595:600 arg1 nanoparticles 602:614 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 584:614 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 584:614 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 5 40 from nanoparticles 793:805 arg1 mechanisms 746:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms 716:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica 716:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 4 41 theme abundant 677:684 arg1 surface 686:692 abundant surface 677:692 abundant surface 677:692 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 5 42 theme proper 846:851 arg1 amount 853:858 proper amount 846:858 proper amount of silica 846:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 42 theme proper 846:851 arg1 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 43 dep chitosan 762:769 arg1 microspheres 828:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 7 44 theme laceration 1177:1186 arg1 model 1188:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 9 45 theme hemorrhaging 1437:1448 arg1 control 1450:1456 traumatic hemorrhaging control 1427:1456 traumatic hemorrhaging control 1427:1456 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 3 46 theme microemulsion 481:493 arg1 combination 462:472 a combination 460:472 a combination of the microemulsion 460:493 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 46 theme microemulsion 481:493 arg1 separation 520:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 46 theme microemulsion 481:493 arg1 method 558:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 47 theme hemostatic 416:425 arg1 efficacy 427:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 6 48 theme whole 1004:1008 arg1 blood 1010:1014 the whole blood 1000:1014 the whole blood clotting kinetics 1000:1032 Within a same time interval, the whole blood clotting kinetics showed that CSMS-S could form larger blood clots than CSMS. 30639594 0 49 theme traumatic 69:77 arg1 control 88:94 traumatic bleeding control 69:94 traumatic bleeding control 69:94 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carried on chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control. 30639594 3 50 with microspheres 384:395 arg1 efficacy 427:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 high hemostatic efficacy 411:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 7 51 theme rat 1167:1169 arg1 model 1188:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 7 52 from CSMS 1155:1158 arg1 model 1188:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 the rat liver laceration model 1163:1192 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 7 53 theme CSMS-S 1117:1122 arg1 down 1128:1131 down 1128:1131 down 1128:1131 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 7 53 theme CSMS-S 1117:1122 arg1 time 1109:1112 The hemostatic time 1094:1112 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S 1094:1122 The hemostatic time of CSMS-S was down to 97 s from 114 s of CSMS in the rat liver laceration model. 30639594 1 54 theme various 125:131 arg1 hemostats 133:141 various hemostats 125:141 various hemostats 125:141 Chitosan has been made into various hemostats, but their hemostatic efficiency for controlling severe traumatic bleeding is still inadequate. 30639594 4 55 theme large 568:572 arg1 number 574:579 A large number 566:579 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles 566:614 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 30639594 5 56 theme synergetic 720:729 arg1 mechanisms 746:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms 716:755 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica 716:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 57 theme CSMS-S 811:816 arg1 microspheres 828:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 let CSMS-S composite microspheres 807:839 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 3 58 theme induced 506:512 arg1 separation 520:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 5 59 theme silica 786:791 arg1 nanoparticles 793:805 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 775:805 mesoporous silica nanoparticles 775:805 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 3 60 theme phase 514:518 arg1 separation 520:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 thermally induced phase separation 496:529 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 9 61 theme traumatic 1427:1435 arg1 control 1450:1456 traumatic hemorrhaging control 1427:1456 traumatic hemorrhaging control 1427:1456 Our results demonstrate that CSMS-K is a promising quick hemostatic agent for traumatic hemorrhaging control. 30639594 0 62 theme bleeding 79:86 arg1 control 88:94 traumatic bleeding control 69:94 traumatic bleeding control 69:94 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carried on chitosan microspheres for traumatic bleeding control. 30639594 5 63 theme single 917:922 arg1 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 CSMS 964:967 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 63 theme single 917:922 arg1 microspheres 950:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres 913:961 the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS) 913:968 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 2 64 theme work 255:258 arg1 aim 243:245 The aim 239:245 The aim of this work 239:258 The aim of this work is to make quick hemostats by incorporating mesoporous silica nanoparticles into chitosan. 30639594 8 65 from effects 1312:1318 arg1 tissues 1323:1329 tissues 1323:1329 tissues around the wound 1323:1346 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 3 66 theme templating 547:556 arg1 method 558:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 surfactant templating method 536:563 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 8 67 theme safe 1263:1266 arg1 agent 1279:1283 a safe hemostatic agent 1261:1283 a safe hemostatic agent 1261:1283 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 8 67 theme safe 1263:1266 arg1 CSMS-S 1250:1255 CSMS-S 1250:1255 CSMS-S 1250:1255 The cytotoxicity and histological analysis proved that CSMS-S was a safe hemostatic agent without noticeable adverse effects on tissues around the wound. 30639594 6 68 theme blood 1071:1075 arg1 clots 1077:1081 larger blood clots 1064:1081 larger blood clots than CSMS 1064:1091 Within a same time interval, the whole blood clotting kinetics showed that CSMS-S could form larger blood clots than CSMS. 30639594 3 69 theme Porous 351:356 arg1 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 CSMS-S 398:403 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 3 69 theme Porous 351:356 arg1 microspheres 384:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres 351:395 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy 351:434 Porous chitosan-silica composite microspheres (CSMS-S) with high hemostatic efficacy were fabricated through a combination of the microemulsion, thermally induced phase separation, and surfactant templating method. 30639594 6 70 theme time 985:988 arg1 interval 990:997 a same time interval 978:997 a same time interval 978:997 Within a same time interval, the whole blood clotting kinetics showed that CSMS-S could form larger blood clots than CSMS. 30639594 6 71 theme larger 1064:1069 arg1 clots 1077:1081 larger blood clots 1064:1081 larger blood clots than CSMS 1064:1091 Within a same time interval, the whole blood clotting kinetics showed that CSMS-S could form larger blood clots than CSMS. 30639594 5 72 theme silica 863:868 arg1 amount 853:858 proper amount 846:858 proper amount of silica 846:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 5 72 theme silica 863:868 arg1 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 silica 863:868 The synergetic two hemostatic mechanisms from chitosan and mesoporous silica nanoparticles let CSMS-S composite microspheres with proper amount of silica displayed better hemostatic potential than the single component porous chitosan microspheres (CSMS). 30639594 4 73 theme CSMS-S 646:651 arg1 microspheres 653:664 the CSMS-S microspheres 642:664 the CSMS-S microspheres 642:664 A large number of mesoporous silica nanoparticles were formed on and within the CSMS-S microspheres, which had abundant surface and inner macropores. 31957416 8 0 theme deacetylation 1006:1018 arg1 degree 1020:1025 the deacetylation degree 1002:1025 the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% 1002:1051 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 0 theme deacetylation 1006:1018 arg1 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 5 1 theme leukocyte 666:674 arg1 infiltration 676:687 abundant leukocyte infiltration 657:687 abundant leukocyte infiltration 657:687 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 9 2 theme plasma 1363:1368 arg1 proteins 1370:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 8 3 theme leukocyte 1100:1108 arg1 infiltration 1110:1121 leukocyte infiltration 1100:1121 leukocyte infiltration 1100:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 2 4 contain have 310:313 arg1 assessment 242:251 The critical assessment 229:251 The critical assessment of it 229:257 The critical assessment of it is poorly presented in the literature and does not have systematic approaches to solving. 31957416 2 4 contain have 310:313 arg2 approaches 326:335 systematic approaches 315:335 systematic approaches to solving 315:346 The critical assessment of it is poorly presented in the literature and does not have systematic approaches to solving. 31957416 5 5 theme chitosan 622:629 arg1 implantation 606:617 The subcutaneous implantation 589:617 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel 589:648 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 6 theme chitosan 960:967 arg1 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 6 theme chitosan 960:967 arg1 groups 950:955 charged amino groups 936:955 charged amino groups of chitosan 936:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 9 7 theme leukocyte 1203:1211 arg1 infiltration 1213:1224 leukocyte infiltration 1203:1224 leukocyte infiltration 1203:1224 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 8 from increase 1312:1319 arg1 area 1328:1331 the area 1324:1331 the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan 1324:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 8 from increase 1312:1319 arg1 volume 1282:1287 the volume 1278:1287 the volume of the hydrogel 1278:1303 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 9 theme blood 1357:1361 arg1 proteins 1370:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 0 10 theme osteoplastic 91:102 arg1 materials 104:112 osteoplastic materials 91:112 osteoplastic materials in dentistry] 91:126 [Chitosan hydrogels biocompatibility improvement with the perspective of use as a base for osteoplastic materials in dentistry]. 31957416 9 11 theme PLA 1162:1164 arg1 granules 1166:1173 PLA granules 1162:1173 PLA granules 1162:1173 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 12 theme chitosan 1138:1145 arg1 hydrogels 1147:1155 chitosan hydrogels 1138:1155 chitosan hydrogels 1138:1155 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 8 13 theme amino 944:948 arg1 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 13 theme amino 944:948 arg1 groups 950:955 charged amino groups 936:955 charged amino groups of chitosan 936:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 4 14 theme Wistar 569:574 arg1 n=90 582:585 n=90 582:585 n=90 582:585 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 4 14 theme Wistar 569:574 arg1 rats 576:579 male Wistar rats 564:579 male Wistar rats (n=90) 564:586 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 10 15 theme deacetylated 1518:1529 arg1 granules 1611:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 7 16 from Treatment 790:798 arg1 contrary 857:864 the contrary 853:864 the contrary 853:864 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 8 17 theme leukocyte 972:980 arg1 taxis 982:986 leukocyte taxis 972:986 leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration 972:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 4 18 theme male 564:567 arg1 n=90 582:585 n=90 582:585 n=90 582:585 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 4 18 theme male 564:567 arg1 rats 576:579 male Wistar rats 564:579 male Wistar rats (n=90) 564:586 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 3 19 theme amino 448:452 arg1 groups 454:459 its free amino groups 439:459 its free amino groups 439:459 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 7 20 with Treatment 790:798 arg1 solution 807:814 a solution 805:814 a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer 805:847 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 8 21 from effect 926:931 arg1 taxis 982:986 leukocyte taxis 972:986 leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration 972:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 2 22 theme it 256:257 arg1 assessment 242:251 The critical assessment 229:251 The critical assessment of it 229:257 The critical assessment of it is poorly presented in the literature and does not have systematic approaches to solving. 31957416 7 23 theme buffer 842:847 arg1 solution 807:814 a solution 805:814 a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer 805:847 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 1 24 theme osteoplastic 161:172 arg1 material 174:181 osteoplastic material 161:181 osteoplastic material 161:181 Using chitosan as the basis for osteoplastic material, we were dealt with its low biocompatibility. 31957416 5 25 theme subcutaneous 593:604 arg1 implantation 606:617 The subcutaneous implantation 589:617 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel 589:648 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 26 dep taxis 982:986 arg1 led 1053:1055 led 1053:1055 led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration 1053:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 10 27 theme % 1581:1581 arg1 addition 1567:1574 the addition 1563:1574 the addition of 16% by weight 1563:1591 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 10 28 theme chitosan 1540:1547 arg1 hydrogel 1549:1556 39.0% chitosan hydrogel 1534:1556 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight 1534:1591 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 4 29 theme chitosan 526:533 arg1 compositions 535:546 chitosan compositions 526:546 chitosan compositions 526:546 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 9 30 with interaction 1340:1350 arg1 proteins 1370:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 blood plasma proteins 1357:1377 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 31 from decrease 1266:1273 arg1 area 1328:1331 the area 1324:1331 the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan 1324:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 31 from decrease 1266:1273 arg1 volume 1282:1287 the volume 1278:1287 the volume of the hydrogel 1278:1303 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 2 32 theme critical 233:240 arg1 assessment 242:251 The critical assessment 229:251 The critical assessment of it 229:257 The critical assessment of it is poorly presented in the literature and does not have systematic approaches to solving. 31957416 10 33 theme significant 1435:1445 arg1 reduction 1447:1455 The most significant reduction 1426:1455 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration 1426:1481 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 6 34 theme inflammatory 767:778 arg1 response 780:787 the inflammatory response 763:787 the inflammatory response 763:787 The addition of β-glycerophosphate followed by dialysis slightly reduced the inflammatory response. 31957416 7 35 theme NaHCO3 835:840 arg1 buffer 842:847 NaHCO3 buffer 835:847 NaHCO3 buffer 835:847 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 9 36 theme positive 1397:1404 arg1 charge 1406:1411 the positive charge 1393:1411 the positive charge of chitosan 1393:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 0 37 theme biocompatibility 20:35 arg1 improvement 37:47 biocompatibility improvement 20:47 biocompatibility improvement 20:47 [Chitosan hydrogels biocompatibility improvement with the perspective of use as a base for osteoplastic materials in dentistry]. 31957416 9 38 theme hydrogel 1296:1303 arg1 volume 1282:1287 the volume 1278:1287 the volume of the hydrogel 1278:1303 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 9 39 with Saturation 1124:1133 arg1 granules 1166:1173 PLA granules 1162:1173 PLA granules 1162:1173 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 7 40 theme alkali 819:824 arg1 NaOH 826:829 alkali NaOH 819:829 alkali NaOH 819:829 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 10 41 theme PLA 1607:1609 arg1 granules 1611:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 4 42 theme compositions 535:546 arg1 Biocompatibility 506:521 Biocompatibility 506:521 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions 506:546 Biocompatibility of chitosan compositions were studied in male Wistar rats (n=90). 31957416 10 43 theme 39.0 1534:1537 arg1 % 1538:1538 % 1538:1538 % 1538:1538 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 10 44 theme granules 1611:1618 arg1 combination 1503:1513 a combination 1501:1513 a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1501:1618 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 7 45 theme NaOH 826:829 arg1 solution 807:814 a solution 805:814 a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer 805:847 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 10 46 theme porous 1600:1605 arg1 granules 1611:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules 1518:1618 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 10 47 from reduction 1447:1455 arg1 infiltration 1470:1481 leukocyte infiltration 1460:1481 leukocyte infiltration 1460:1481 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 9 48 theme hydrogels 1147:1155 arg1 Saturation 1124:1133 Saturation 1124:1133 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules 1124:1173 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 10 49 theme % 1538:1538 arg1 hydrogel 1549:1556 39.0% chitosan hydrogel 1534:1556 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight 1534:1591 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 3 50 theme chitosan 419:426 arg1 charge 428:433 chitosan charge 419:433 chitosan charge 419:433 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 3 51 theme study 364:368 arg1 aim 353:355 The aim 349:355 The aim of the study 349:368 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 5 52 theme hydrogel 641:648 arg1 implantation 606:617 The subcutaneous implantation 589:617 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel 589:648 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 53 from decrease 1088:1095 arg1 infiltration 1110:1121 leukocyte infiltration 1100:1121 leukocyte infiltration 1100:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 54 theme significant 1076:1086 arg1 decrease 1088:1095 a statistically significant decrease 1060:1095 a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration 1060:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 2 55 theme systematic 315:324 arg1 approaches 326:335 systematic approaches 315:335 systematic approaches to solving 315:346 The critical assessment of it is poorly presented in the literature and does not have systematic approaches to solving. 31957416 10 56 theme leukocyte 1460:1468 arg1 infiltration 1470:1481 leukocyte infiltration 1460:1481 leukocyte infiltration 1460:1481 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 9 57 theme infiltration 1213:1224 arg1 level 1194:1198 the level 1190:1198 the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan 1190:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 10 58 with hydrogel 1549:1556 arg1 addition 1567:1574 the addition 1563:1574 the addition of 16% by weight 1563:1591 The most significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration was achieved with a combination of deacetylated to 39.0% chitosan hydrogel with the addition of 16% by weight highly porous PLA granules. 31957416 8 59 theme chitosan 1035:1042 arg1 degree 1020:1025 the deacetylation degree 1002:1025 the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% 1002:1051 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 59 theme chitosan 1035:1042 arg1 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 5 60 theme abundant 657:664 arg1 infiltration 676:687 abundant leukocyte infiltration 657:687 abundant leukocyte infiltration 657:687 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 0 61 from materials 104:112 arg1 dentistry 117:125 dentistry] 117:126 dentistry] 117:126 [Chitosan hydrogels biocompatibility improvement with the perspective of use as a base for osteoplastic materials in dentistry]. 31957416 8 62 theme groups 950:955 arg1 effect 926:931 the effect 922:931 the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration 922:1121 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 3 63 theme hydrogels 495:503 arg1 biocompatibility 475:490 the biocompatibility 471:490 the biocompatibility of hydrogels 471:503 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 8 64 theme charged 936:942 arg1 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 chitosan 960:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 64 theme charged 936:942 arg1 groups 950:955 charged amino groups 936:955 charged amino groups of chitosan 936:967 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 3 65 theme free 443:446 arg1 groups 454:459 its free amino groups 439:459 its free amino groups 439:459 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 7 66 theme inflammatory 883:894 arg1 response 896:903 the inflammatory response 879:903 the inflammatory response 879:903 Treatment with a solution of alkali NaOH and NaHCO3 buffer, on the contrary, intensified the inflammatory response. 31957416 1 67 theme low 207:209 arg1 biocompatibility 211:226 its low biocompatibility 203:226 its low biocompatibility 203:226 Using chitosan as the basis for osteoplastic material, we were dealt with its low biocompatibility. 31957416 9 68 theme chitosan 1416:1423 arg1 charge 1406:1411 the positive charge 1393:1411 the positive charge of chitosan 1393:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31957416 3 69 dep charge 428:433 arg1 number 461:466 number 461:466 number 461:466 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 3 70 from effect 391:396 arg1 biocompatibility 475:490 the biocompatibility 471:490 the biocompatibility of hydrogels 471:503 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 3 71 theme factors 401:407 arg1 effect 391:396 the effect 387:396 the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels 387:503 The aim of the study was to determine the effect of factors affecting chitosan charge and its free amino groups number on the biocompatibility of hydrogels. 31957416 0 72 theme use 73:75 arg1 perspective 58:68 the perspective 54:68 the perspective of use as a base for osteoplastic materials in dentistry] 54:126 [Chitosan hydrogels biocompatibility improvement with the perspective of use as a base for osteoplastic materials in dentistry]. 31957416 5 73 dep chitosan 622:629 arg1 discs 631:635 discs 631:635 discs 631:635 The subcutaneous implantation of chitosan discs and hydrogel caused abundant leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 6 74 theme β-glycerophosphate 706:723 arg1 addition 694:701 The addition 690:701 The addition of β-glycerophosphate followed by dialysis 690:744 The addition of β-glycerophosphate followed by dialysis slightly reduced the inflammatory response. 31957416 8 75 from decrease 990:997 arg1 degree 1020:1025 the deacetylation degree 1002:1025 the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% 1002:1051 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 8 75 from decrease 990:997 arg1 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 DD 1028:1029 It is confirmed the effect of charged amino groups of chitosan on leukocyte taxis A decrease in the deacetylation degree (DD) of chitosan to 39.0% led to a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte infiltration. 31957416 9 76 theme interaction 1340:1350 arg1 area 1328:1331 the area 1324:1331 the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan 1324:1423 Saturation of chitosan hydrogels with PLA granules reduced by 16% the level of leukocyte infiltration, which was supposedly associated with a decrease in the volume of the hydrogel and an increase in the area of its interaction with blood plasma proteins, which reduce the positive charge of chitosan. 31004952 5 0 theme stronger 1017:1024 arg1 effect 1026:1031 the stronger effect 1013:1031 the stronger effect of BFP 1013:1038 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 1 1 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 SCB 196:198 SCB 196:198 SCB 196:198 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 1 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 bagasse 187:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 sugarcane bagasse (SCB) 177:199 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 5 2 theme SCB 1085:1087 arg1 saccharification 1065:1080 the enzymatic saccharification 1051:1080 the enzymatic saccharification of SCB 1051:1087 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 4 3 attach removal 665:671 arg2 hemicellulose 676:688 hemicellulose 676:688 hemicellulose 676:688 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 4 3 attach removal 665:671 arg2 delignification 694:708 delignification 694:708 delignification 694:708 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 4 3 attach removal 665:671 arg3 BFP 717:719 the BFP 713:719 the BFP 713:719 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 5 4 theme different 812:820 arg1 processes 829:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 1 5 theme bagasse 187:193 arg1 saccharification 157:172 enzymatic saccharification 147:172 enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) 147:199 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 5 6 theme Fenton 974:979 arg1 key 1006:1008 key 1006:1008 key 1006:1008 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 5 6 theme Fenton 974:979 arg1 system 981:986 the Fenton system 970:986 the Fenton system 970:986 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 0 7 theme enzymatic 99:107 arg1 saccharification 109:124 enzymatic saccharification 99:124 enzymatic saccharification 99:124 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 5 8 theme action 945:950 arg1 time 952:955 action time 945:955 action time 945:955 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 5 9 theme BiFeO3 877:882 arg1 system 896:901 the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system 873:901 the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system 873:901 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 5 10 theme Fenton-like 884:894 arg1 system 896:901 the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system 873:901 the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system 873:901 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 2 11 theme structural 358:367 arg1 properties 369:378 structural properties 358:378 structural properties 358:378 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 5 12 theme Fenton 822:827 arg1 processes 829:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 2 13 theme different 392:400 arg1 pretreatments 402:414 different pretreatments 392:414 different pretreatments 392:414 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 2 14 dep composition 330:340 arg1 The 326:328 The 326:328 The 326:328 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 5 15 from processes 829:837 arg1 determination 762:774 The determination 758:774 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes 758:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 4 16 theme hemicellulose 676:688 arg1 severe 730:735 severe 730:735 severe 730:735 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 4 16 theme hemicellulose 676:688 arg1 removal 665:671 the removal 661:671 the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP 661:719 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 2 17 theme SCB 383:385 arg1 morphology 343:352 morphology 343:352 morphology 343:352 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 2 17 theme SCB 383:385 arg1 properties 369:378 structural properties 358:378 structural properties 358:378 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 2 17 theme SCB 383:385 arg1 composition 330:340 composition 330:340 composition 330:340 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 1 18 theme BiFeO3 287:292 arg1 BFP 320:322 BFP 320:322 BFP 320:322 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 18 theme BiFeO3 287:292 arg1 pretreatment 306:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment 287:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP) 287:323 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 18 theme BiFeO3 287:292 arg1 methods 249:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 0 19 theme Fenton 14:19 arg1 pretreatments 53:65 Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments 14:65 pretreatments 53:65 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 1 20 theme Fenton-like 294:304 arg1 BFP 320:322 BFP 320:322 BFP 320:322 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 20 theme Fenton-like 294:304 arg1 pretreatment 306:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment 287:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP) 287:323 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 20 theme Fenton-like 294:304 arg1 methods 249:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 2 21 with composition 330:340 arg1 pretreatments 402:414 different pretreatments 392:414 different pretreatments 392:414 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 4 22 theme delignification 694:708 arg1 severe 730:735 severe 730:735 severe 730:735 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 4 22 theme delignification 694:708 arg1 removal 665:671 the removal 661:671 the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP 661:719 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 0 23 theme ferrite 33:39 arg1 pretreatments 53:65 Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments 14:65 pretreatments 53:65 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 5 24 theme hydroxyl 779:786 arg1 OH 797:798 OH 797:798 OH 797:798 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 5 24 theme hydroxyl 779:786 arg1 radical 788:794 hydroxyl radical 779:794 hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes 779:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 0 25 theme bismuth 25:31 arg1 pretreatments 53:65 Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments 14:65 pretreatments 53:65 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 5 26 theme BFP 1036:1038 arg1 effect 1026:1031 the stronger effect 1013:1031 the stronger effect of BFP 1013:1038 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 2 27 with morphology 343:352 arg1 pretreatments 402:414 different pretreatments 392:414 different pretreatments 392:414 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 5 28 theme radical 788:794 arg1 determination 762:774 The determination 758:774 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes 758:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 1 29 theme different 226:234 arg1 pretreatment 306:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment 287:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP) 287:323 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 29 theme different 226:234 arg1 methods 249:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 29 theme different 226:234 arg1 pretreatment 265:276 Fenton pretreatment 258:276 Fenton pretreatment (FP) 258:281 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 0 30 theme pretreatments 53:65 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane 0:78 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 3 31 theme SCB 494:496 arg1 sugar 485:489 sugar 485:489 sugar of SCB 485:496 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 5 32 theme enzymatic 1055:1063 arg1 saccharification 1065:1080 the enzymatic saccharification 1051:1080 the enzymatic saccharification of SCB 1051:1087 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 3 33 theme sugar 559:563 arg1 rate 576:579 the sugar conversion rate 555:579 the sugar conversion rate 555:579 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 3 33 theme sugar 559:563 arg1 % 589:589 36.6% 585:589 36.6% 585:589 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 5 34 from radical 788:794 arg1 processes 829:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 0 35 theme Fenton-like 41:51 arg1 pretreatments 53:65 Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments 14:65 pretreatments 53:65 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 3 36 theme conversion 565:574 arg1 rate 576:579 the sugar conversion rate 555:579 the sugar conversion rate 555:579 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 3 36 theme conversion 565:574 arg1 % 589:589 36.6% 585:589 36.6% 585:589 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 5 37 from determination 762:774 arg1 processes 829:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 the two different Fenton processes 804:837 The determination of hydroxyl radical (OH) in the two different Fenton processes revealed that the OH generated in the BiFeO3 Fenton-like system was higher in concentration and longer in action time than that in the Fenton system, which was likely key to the stronger effect of BFP than FP on the enzymatic saccharification of SCB. 31004952 4 38 from removal 665:671 arg1 BFP 717:719 the BFP 713:719 the BFP 713:719 Moreover, the removal of hemicellulose and delignification in the BFP was more severe than that in the FP. 31004952 1 39 theme pretreatment 236:247 arg1 pretreatment 306:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment 287:317 BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP) 287:323 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 39 theme pretreatment 236:247 arg1 methods 249:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 39 theme pretreatment 236:247 arg1 pretreatment 265:276 Fenton pretreatment 258:276 Fenton pretreatment (FP) 258:281 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 40 theme enzymatic 147:155 arg1 saccharification 157:172 enzymatic saccharification 147:172 enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) 147:199 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 41 theme methods 249:255 arg1 application 207:217 application 207:217 application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP) 207:323 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 0 42 theme sugarcane 70:78 arg1 pretreatments 53:65 Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments 14:65 pretreatments 53:65 Comparison of Fenton and bismuth ferrite Fenton-like pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse to enhance enzymatic saccharification. 31004952 2 43 with properties 369:378 arg1 pretreatments 402:414 different pretreatments 392:414 different pretreatments 392:414 The composition, morphology and structural properties of SCB with different pretreatments were analyzed. 31004952 3 44 theme enzymatic 504:512 arg1 saccharification 514:529 enzymatic saccharification 504:529 enzymatic saccharification for 72 h 504:538 Results showed that, after BFP, the yield of reducing sugar of SCB under enzymatic saccharification for 72 h was 25.8%, and the sugar conversion rate was 36.6%, which were 2.2 and 2.4-fold those of the FP, respectively. 31004952 1 45 theme Fenton 258:263 arg1 FP 279:280 FP 279:280 FP 279:280 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 45 theme Fenton 258:263 arg1 methods 249:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 two different pretreatment methods 222:255 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31004952 1 45 theme Fenton 258:263 arg1 pretreatment 265:276 Fenton pretreatment 258:276 Fenton pretreatment (FP) 258:281 This study compared enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) after application of two different pretreatment methods, Fenton pretreatment (FP) and BiFeO3 Fenton-like pretreatment (BFP). 31899239 8 0 theme prepared 1225:1232 arg1 D-CNC 1234:1238 the prepared D-CNC 1221:1238 the prepared D-CNC 1221:1238 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 1 theme bio-composite 1186:1198 arg1 film 1200:1203 The gelatin bio-composite film 1174:1203 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC 1174:1238 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 9 2 theme application 1618:1628 arg1 industries 1686:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 2 theme application 1618:1628 arg1 fields 1630:1635 conventional application fields 1605:1635 conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1605:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 8 3 from CNC 1453:1455 arg1 addition 1426:1433 addition 1426:1433 addition of same amount in CNC 1426:1455 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 4 4 theme cross-linking 646:658 arg1 agents 660:665 chemical cross-linking agents 637:665 chemical cross-linking agents 637:665 To overcome these disadvantages, both physical reinforcement approaches and chemical cross-linking agents have been tested. 31899239 6 5 theme oxidation 866:874 arg1 process 876:882 a periodate oxidation process 854:882 a periodate oxidation process 854:882 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 3 6 theme various 391:397 arg1 films-has 439:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 6 7 theme periodate 856:864 arg1 process 876:882 a periodate oxidation process 854:882 a periodate oxidation process 854:882 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 0 8 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 reinforcement 22:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement 0:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde 0:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 3 9 theme practical 366:374 arg1 application 376:386 practical application 366:386 practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 366:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 3 10 theme aqueous 539:545 arg1 environments 547:558 aqueous environments 539:558 aqueous environments 539:558 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 1 11 with material 144:151 arg1 biocompatibility 169:184 remarkable biocompatibility 158:184 remarkable biocompatibility 158:184 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 1 11 with material 144:151 arg1 biodegradability 190:205 biodegradability 190:205 biodegradability 190:205 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 8 12 theme amount 1443:1448 arg1 addition 1426:1433 addition 1426:1433 addition of same amount in CNC 1426:1455 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 13 theme water 1283:1287 arg1 resistance 1289:1298 water resistance 1283:1298 water resistance 1283:1298 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 14 theme hydrophilic 1324:1334 arg1 properties 1336:1345 its mechanical and hydrophilic properties 1305:1345 its mechanical and hydrophilic properties 1305:1345 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 15 theme excellent 1250:1258 arg1 properties 1268:1277 excellent tensile properties 1250:1277 excellent tensile properties 1250:1277 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 16 theme same 1438:1441 arg1 amount 1443:1448 same amount 1438:1448 same amount in CNC 1438:1455 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 2 17 theme fabrication 296:306 arg1 process 308:314 its entire fabrication process 285:314 its entire fabrication process 285:314 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 6 18 used used 888:891 arg2 nanocrystals 796:807 cellulose nanocrystals 786:807 cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups 786:834 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 3 19 theme particular 420:429 arg1 films-has 439:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 6 20 theme films 957:961 arg1 reinforcement 912:924 cross-linkable reinforcement 897:924 cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films 897:961 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 9 21 theme food 1649:1652 arg1 industries 1686:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 2 22 theme aqueous 339:345 arg1 solution 347:354 an aqueous solution 336:354 an aqueous solution 336:354 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 9 23 theme polymers 1536:1543 arg1 use 1506:1508 the widespread use 1491:1508 the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins 1491:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 3 24 theme gelatin 431:437 arg1 films-has 439:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 7 25 theme neat 1164:1167 arg1 CNC 1169:1171 neat CNC 1164:1171 neat CNC 1164:1171 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 26 theme cellulose 1006:1014 arg1 D-CNC 1029:1033 D-CNC 1029:1033 D-CNC 1029:1033 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 26 theme cellulose 1006:1014 arg1 nanocrystal 1016:1026 the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal 990:1026 the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) 990:1034 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 5 27 theme little 694:699 arg1 research 701:708 little research 694:708 little research 694:708 However, little research has been done to make these two roles work at the same time. 31899239 3 28 theme gelatin 399:405 arg1 films-has 439:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 4 29 theme reinforcement 608:620 arg1 approaches 622:631 physical reinforcement approaches 599:631 physical reinforcement approaches 599:631 To overcome these disadvantages, both physical reinforcement approaches and chemical cross-linking agents have been tested. 31899239 3 30 theme materials-in 407:418 arg1 films-has 439:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 391:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 4 31 theme chemical 637:644 arg1 agents 660:665 chemical cross-linking agents 637:665 chemical cross-linking agents 637:665 To overcome these disadvantages, both physical reinforcement approaches and chemical cross-linking agents have been tested. 31899239 5 32 theme same 760:763 arg1 time 765:768 the same time 756:768 the same time 756:768 However, little research has been done to make these two roles work at the same time. 31899239 6 33 theme bio-composite 943:955 arg1 films 957:961 gelatin-based bio-composite films 929:961 gelatin-based bio-composite films 929:961 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 1 34 theme representative 109:122 arg1 protein 136:142 a representative hydrophilic protein 107:142 a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability 107:205 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 1 34 theme representative 109:122 arg1 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 9 35 theme natural 1557:1563 arg1 polymers 1536:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 35 theme natural 1557:1563 arg1 proteins 1577:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 0 36 theme hydrophilic 39:49 arg1 film 59:62 hydrophilic gelatin film 39:62 hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde 39:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 7 37 theme base 1131:1134 arg1 formation 1136:1144 Schiff base formation 1124:1144 Schiff base formation 1124:1144 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 6 38 theme gelatin-based 929:941 arg1 films 957:961 gelatin-based bio-composite films 929:961 gelatin-based bio-composite films 929:961 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 9 39 theme biomedical 1675:1684 arg1 industries 1686:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 3 40 theme weak 488:491 arg1 properties 504:513 their weak mechanical properties 482:513 their weak mechanical properties 482:513 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 9 41 theme existing 1513:1520 arg1 polymers 1536:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 41 theme existing 1513:1520 arg1 proteins 1577:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 42 theme widespread 1495:1504 arg1 use 1506:1508 the widespread use 1491:1508 the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins 1491:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 6 43 contain containing 809:818 arg1 nanocrystals 796:807 cellulose nanocrystals 786:807 cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups 786:834 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 6 43 contain containing 809:818 arg2 groups 829:834 aldehyde groups 820:834 aldehyde groups 820:834 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 6 44 theme aldehyde 820:827 arg1 groups 829:834 aldehyde groups 820:834 aldehyde groups 820:834 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 3 45 theme mechanical 493:502 arg1 properties 504:513 their weak mechanical properties 482:513 their weak mechanical properties 482:513 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 0 46 theme film 59:62 arg1 reinforcement 22:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement 0:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde 0:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 9 47 theme water-soluble 1522:1534 arg1 polymers 1536:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 47 theme water-soluble 1522:1534 arg1 proteins 1577:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 8 48 theme gelatin 1178:1184 arg1 film 1200:1203 The gelatin bio-composite film 1174:1203 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC 1174:1238 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 9 49 theme hydrophilic 1565:1575 arg1 polymers 1536:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 existing water-soluble polymers 1513:1543 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 49 theme hydrophilic 1565:1575 arg1 proteins 1577:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 natural hydrophilic proteins 1557:1584 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 1 50 theme hydrophilic 124:134 arg1 protein 136:142 a representative hydrophilic protein 107:142 a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability 107:205 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 1 50 theme hydrophilic 124:134 arg1 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 0 51 theme gelatin 51:57 arg1 film 59:62 hydrophilic gelatin film 39:62 hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde 39:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 4 52 theme physical 599:606 arg1 approaches 622:631 physical reinforcement approaches 599:631 physical reinforcement approaches 599:631 To overcome these disadvantages, both physical reinforcement approaches and chemical cross-linking agents have been tested. 31899239 7 53 theme Schiff 1124:1129 arg1 formation 1136:1144 Schiff base formation 1124:1144 Schiff base formation 1124:1144 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 6 54 theme cross-linkable 897:910 arg1 reinforcement 912:924 cross-linkable reinforcement 897:924 cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films 897:961 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 7 55 theme amine 1083:1087 arg1 group 1089:1093 the amine group 1079:1093 the amine group of the gelatin molecules 1079:1118 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 55 theme amine 1083:1087 arg1 molecules 1110:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 9 56 theme pharmaceutical 1655:1668 arg1 industries 1686:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 8 57 from amount 1443:1448 arg1 CNC 1453:1455 CNC 1453:1455 CNC 1453:1455 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 7 58 theme gelatin 1102:1108 arg1 molecules 1110:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 2 59 theme processing 237:246 arg1 aspect 217:222 the aspect 213:222 the aspect of materials processing 213:246 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 2 60 theme entire 289:294 arg1 process 308:314 its entire fabrication process 285:314 its entire fabrication process 285:314 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 6 61 theme cellulose 786:794 arg1 nanocrystals 796:807 cellulose nanocrystals 786:807 cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups 786:834 In this study, cellulose nanocrystals containing aldehyde groups were prepared via a periodate oxidation process and used for cross-linkable reinforcement of gelatin-based bio-composite films. 31899239 1 62 theme material 144:151 arg1 protein 136:142 a representative hydrophilic protein 107:142 a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability 107:205 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 1 62 theme material 144:151 arg1 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin 96:102 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 7 63 theme di-aldehyde 994:1004 arg1 D-CNC 1029:1033 D-CNC 1029:1033 D-CNC 1029:1033 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 63 theme di-aldehyde 994:1004 arg1 nanocrystal 1016:1026 the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal 990:1026 the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) 990:1034 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 64 theme molecules 1110:1118 arg1 group 1089:1093 the amine group 1079:1093 the amine group of the gelatin molecules 1079:1118 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 7 64 theme molecules 1110:1118 arg1 molecules 1110:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 the gelatin molecules 1098:1118 The results revealed that the di-aldehyde cellulose nanocrystal (D-CNC) could react and covalently cross-link with the amine group of the gelatin molecules via Schiff base formation and compared with neat CNC. 31899239 2 65 theme materials 227:235 arg1 processing 237:246 materials processing 227:246 materials processing 227:246 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 0 66 with film 59:62 arg1 di-aldehyde 69:79 di-aldehyde 69:79 di-aldehyde 69:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 8 67 theme D-CNC 1391:1395 arg1 content 1397:1403 the D-CNC content 1387:1403 the D-CNC content 1387:1403 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 68 theme mechanical 1309:1318 arg1 properties 1336:1345 its mechanical and hydrophilic properties 1305:1345 its mechanical and hydrophilic properties 1305:1345 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 8 69 theme tensile 1260:1266 arg1 properties 1268:1277 excellent tensile properties 1250:1277 excellent tensile properties 1250:1277 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 1 70 theme remarkable 158:167 arg1 biocompatibility 169:184 remarkable biocompatibility 158:184 remarkable biocompatibility 158:184 Gelatin is a representative hydrophilic protein material with remarkable biocompatibility and biodegradability. 31899239 8 71 from addition 1426:1433 arg1 CNC 1453:1455 CNC 1453:1455 CNC 1453:1455 The gelatin bio-composite film reinforced with the prepared D-CNC exhibited excellent tensile properties and water resistance, and its mechanical and hydrophilic properties could be easily controlled by adjusting the D-CNC content and was greater than addition of same amount in CNC. 31899239 2 72 contain has 262:264 arg1 gelatin 249:255 gelatin 249:255 gelatin 249:255 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 2 72 contain has 262:264 arg2 advantage 270:278 the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution 266:354 the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution 266:354 From the aspect of materials processing, gelatin also has the advantage that its entire fabrication process can be performed in an aqueous solution. 31899239 3 73 theme films-has 439:447 arg1 application 376:386 practical application 366:386 practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has 366:447 However, practical application of various gelatin materials-in particular gelatin films-has thus far been limited because of their weak mechanical properties and vulnerability under aqueous environments. 31899239 0 74 theme physical 13:20 arg1 reinforcement 22:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement 0:34 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde 0:79 Chemical and physical reinforcement of hydrophilic gelatin film with di-aldehyde nanocellulose. 31899239 9 75 theme conventional 1605:1616 arg1 industries 1686:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1645:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 75 theme conventional 1605:1616 arg1 fields 1630:1635 conventional application fields 1605:1635 conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries 1605:1695 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 31899239 9 76 used used 1597:1600 arg2 D-CNC 1469:1473 D-CNC 1469:1473 D-CNC 1469:1473 Therefore, D-CNC will facilitate the widespread use of existing water-soluble polymers, especially natural hydrophilic proteins and can be used in conventional application fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries. 30639014 6 0 theme 2-mm 819:822 arg1 screen 824:829 a 2-mm screen 817:829 a 2-mm screen 817:829 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 21 1 theme processing 2499:2508 arg1 methods 2510:2516 feed processing methods 2494:2516 feed processing methods 2494:2516 Based on these data, there is potential to design specific rations and feed processing methods for calves based on their ability to utilize nutrients. 30639014 1 2 theme in 338:339 arg1 technique 346:354 an in situ technique 335:354 an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages 335:428 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 15 3 theme matter 1890:1895 arg1 proportion 1872:1881 the proportion 1868:1881 the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract 1868:1959 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 3 theme matter 1890:1895 arg1 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 21 4 theme specific 2473:2480 arg1 rations 2482:2488 specific rations 2473:2488 specific rations 2473:2488 Based on these data, there is potential to design specific rations and feed processing methods for calves based on their ability to utilize nutrients. 30639014 1 5 theme = 137:137 arg1 5/diet 139:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 5 theme = 137:137 arg1 calves 127:132 Ten bull calves 118:132 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) 118:145 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 12 6 theme total 1401:1405 arg1 excretion 1413:1421 total fecal excretion 1401:1421 total fecal excretion 1401:1421 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 1 7 with design 208:213 arg1 measures 229:236 repeated measures 220:236 repeated measures over time 220:246 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 6 8 theme in 873:874 arg1 bags 881:884 concentrate in situ bags 861:884 concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity) 861:915 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 6 9 dep in 873:874 arg1 situ 876:879 situ 876:879 situ 876:879 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 5 10 theme % 674:674 arg1 starch 676:681 42% starch 672:681 42% starch 672:681 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 6 11 dep bags 881:884 arg1 cm 897:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 6 11 dep bags 881:884 arg1 porosity 907:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 15 12 theme starch 1910:1915 arg1 proportion 1872:1881 the proportion 1868:1881 the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract 1868:1959 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 12 theme starch 1910:1915 arg1 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 12 13 theme Daily 1376:1380 arg1 intake 1390:1395 Daily starter intake 1376:1395 Daily starter intake 1376:1395 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 2 14 theme milk 447:450 arg1 replacer 452:459 milk replacer 447:459 milk replacer 447:459 Calves received milk replacer and 1 of 2 starter diets through wk 7. 30639014 8 15 theme starter 1057:1063 arg1 feeding 1065:1071 starter feeding 1057:1071 starter feeding 1057:1071 All bags were inserted at the time of starter feeding. 30639014 1 16 theme starter 305:311 arg1 diets 313:317 2 calf starter diets 298:317 2 calf starter diets 298:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 2 17 theme starter 472:478 arg1 diets 480:484 2 starter diets 470:484 2 starter diets 470:484 Calves received milk replacer and 1 of 2 starter diets through wk 7. 30639014 7 18 theme time 1005:1008 arg1 points 1010:1015 2 time points 1003:1015 2 diets × 2 time points 993:1015 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 10 19 theme starch 1289:1294 arg1 analyses 1296:1303 starch analyses 1289:1303 starch analyses 1289:1303 After removal from the rumen, bags were rinsed, dried (55°C), and composited by diet and by calf within week for NDF, nitrogen (N), and starch analyses. 30639014 16 20 theme starch 2058:2063 arg1 disappearance 2030:2042 Ruminal disappearance 2022:2042 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations 2022:2085 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations increased linearly with age. 30639014 4 21 theme only 583:586 arg1 g/d 609:611 up to 4,500 g/d 597:611 up to 4,500 g/d 597:611 Weaning occurred in wk 8, and calves received only starter (up to 4,500 g/d) through wk 15. 30639014 4 21 theme only 583:586 arg1 starter 588:594 only starter 583:594 only starter (up to 4,500 g/d) 583:612 Weaning occurred in wk 8, and calves received only starter (up to 4,500 g/d) through wk 15. 30639014 14 22 theme mixed 1705:1709 arg1 procedure 1718:1726 a mixed models procedure 1703:1726 a mixed models procedure 1703:1726 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 18 23 theme Ruminal 2194:2200 arg1 disappearance 2202:2214 Ruminal disappearance 2194:2214 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF 2194:2228 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF was greater for PEL than for TEX. 30639014 15 24 theme age 1819:1821 arg1 wk 1810:1811 wk 15 1810:1814 wk 15 of age 1810:1821 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 1 25 dep in 338:339 arg1 situ 341:344 situ 341:344 situ 341:344 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 5 26 dep TEX 738:740 arg1 NDF 759:761 22% NDF 755:761 22% NDF 755:761 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 26 dep TEX 738:740 arg1 % 745:745 31% starch 743:752 31% starch 743:752 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 6 27 theme × 892:892 arg1 cm 897:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 6 27 theme × 892:892 arg1 porosity 907:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 0 28 theme starter 59:65 arg1 disappearance 16:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 0 28 theme starter 59:65 arg1 digestion 46:54 whole-tract digestion 34:54 whole-tract digestion 34:54 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 3 29 theme Mean 500:503 arg1 weight 511:516 Mean birth weight 500:516 Mean birth weight 500:516 Mean birth weight was 38.7 ± 1.3 kg. 30639014 1 30 theme bull 122:125 arg1 5/diet 139:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 30 theme bull 122:125 arg1 calves 127:132 Ten bull calves 118:132 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) 118:145 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 31 dep design 208:213 arg1 compare 251:257 compare 251:257 to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets 248:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 31 dep design 208:213 arg1 describe 326:333 describe 326:333 to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages 323:428 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 5 32 theme detergent 696:704 arg1 fiber 706:710 detergent fiber 696:710 detergent fiber 696:710 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 14 33 theme fecal 1653:1657 arg1 excretion 1659:1667 fecal excretion 1653:1667 fecal excretion 1653:1667 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 17 34 theme 24-h 2161:2164 arg1 incubations 2166:2176 24-h incubations 2161:2176 24-h incubations 2161:2176 Likewise, DM, NDF, and N disappearance after 24-h incubations also increased. 30639014 15 35 theme measured 1763:1770 arg1 nutrients 1772:1780 all measured nutrients 1759:1780 all measured nutrients 1759:1780 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 5 36 dep neutral 688:694 arg1 fiber 706:710 detergent fiber 696:710 detergent fiber 696:710 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 0 37 theme Ruminal 0:6 arg1 disappearance 16:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 1 38 theme × 194:194 arg1 design 208:213 a 2 × 2 factorial design 190:213 a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages 190:428 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 5 39 theme texturized 721:730 arg1 feed 732:735 texturized feed 721:735 texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF) 721:762 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 39 theme texturized 721:730 arg1 TEX 738:740 TEX 738:740 TEX 738:740 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 16 40 theme 9-h 2071:2073 arg1 incubations 2075:2085 9-h incubations 2071:2085 9-h incubations 2071:2085 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations increased linearly with age. 30639014 14 41 theme total 1635:1639 arg1 intake 1641:1646 total intake 1635:1646 total intake 1635:1646 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 5 42 theme complete 650:657 arg1 PEL 667:669 PEL 667:669 PEL 667:669 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 42 theme complete 650:657 arg1 pellet 659:664 a complete pellet 648:664 a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) 648:716 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 42 theme complete 650:657 arg1 diets 637:641 Starter diets 629:641 Starter diets 629:641 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 1 43 theme factorial 198:206 arg1 design 208:213 a 2 × 2 factorial design 190:213 a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages 190:428 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 6 44 theme diet 782:785 arg1 Portions 765:772 Portions 765:772 Portions of each diet 765:785 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 5 45 theme Starter 629:635 arg1 pellet 659:664 a complete pellet 648:664 a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) 648:716 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 45 theme Starter 629:635 arg1 diets 637:641 Starter diets 629:641 Starter diets 629:641 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 6 46 theme cm 889:890 arg1 cm 897:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 5 cm × 10 cm 887:898 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 6 46 theme cm 889:890 arg1 porosity 907:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 50-µm porosity 901:914 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 5 47 dep PEL 667:669 arg1 starch 676:681 42% starch 672:681 42% starch 672:681 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 47 dep PEL 667:669 arg1 NDF 713:715 NDF 713:715 NDF 713:715 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 5 47 dep PEL 667:669 arg1 % 686:686 13% 684:686 13% neutral detergent fiber 684:710 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 20 48 theme rumen 2378:2382 arg1 environment 2384:2394 rumen environment 2378:2394 rumen environment 2378:2394 In addition, changes over time and changes due to rumen environment were clearly demonstrated. 30639014 14 49 theme digestibility 1607:1619 arg1 coefficients 1621:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients 1598:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients 1598:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 15 50 theme N 1903:1903 arg1 proportion 1872:1881 the proportion 1868:1881 the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract 1868:1959 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 50 theme N 1903:1903 arg1 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 greater 1995:2001 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 1 51 theme age 174:176 arg1 wk 168:169 3 wk 166:169 3 wk of age 166:176 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 12 52 theme same 1448:1451 arg1 periods 1457:1463 the same 3-d periods 1444:1463 the same 3-d periods 1444:1463 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 5 53 theme % 757:757 arg1 NDF 759:761 22% NDF 755:761 22% NDF 755:761 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 21 54 theme feed 2494:2497 arg1 methods 2510:2516 feed processing methods 2494:2516 feed processing methods 2494:2516 Based on these data, there is potential to design specific rations and feed processing methods for calves based on their ability to utilize nutrients. 30639014 10 55 from rumen 1176:1180 arg1 removal 1159:1165 removal 1159:1165 removal from the rumen 1159:1180 After removal from the rumen, bags were rinsed, dried (55°C), and composited by diet and by calf within week for NDF, nitrogen (N), and starch analyses. 30639014 2 56 theme diets 480:484 arg1 replacer 452:459 milk replacer 447:459 milk replacer 447:459 Calves received milk replacer and 1 of 2 starter diets through wk 7. 30639014 1 57 theme n 135:135 arg1 5/diet 139:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 57 theme n 135:135 arg1 calves 127:132 Ten bull calves 118:132 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) 118:145 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 58 theme ruminal 371:377 arg1 degradability 379:391 ruminal degradability 371:391 ruminal degradability of diets in calves 371:410 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 15 59 theme total 1949:1953 arg1 tract 1955:1959 the total tract 1945:1959 the total tract 1945:1959 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 6 60 theme concentrate 861:871 arg1 bags 881:884 concentrate in situ bags 861:884 concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity) 861:915 Portions of each diet were dried and ground through a 2-mm screen, and 1.25 g was inserted into concentrate in situ bags (5 cm × 10 cm, 50-µm porosity). 30639014 12 61 theme fecal 1407:1411 arg1 excretion 1413:1421 total fecal excretion 1401:1421 total fecal excretion 1401:1421 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 8 62 theme feeding 1065:1071 arg1 time 1049:1052 the time 1045:1052 the time of starter feeding 1045:1071 All bags were inserted at the time of starter feeding. 30639014 4 63 dep 4,500 603:607 arg1 to 600:601 to 600:601 to 600:601 Weaning occurred in wk 8, and calves received only starter (up to 4,500 g/d) through wk 15. 30639014 9 64 theme other 1120:1124 arg1 half 1126:1129 the other half 1116:1129 the other half 1116:1129 Half of the bags were removed at 9 h, and the other half were removed at 24 h. 30639014 1 65 theme calf 300:303 arg1 diets 313:317 2 calf starter diets 298:317 2 calf starter diets 298:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 7 66 dep × 1001:1001 arg1 points 1010:1015 2 time points 1003:1015 2 diets × 2 time points 993:1015 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 16 67 theme DM 2047:2048 arg1 disappearance 2030:2042 Ruminal disappearance 2022:2042 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations 2022:2085 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations increased linearly with age. 30639014 1 68 theme diets 313:317 arg1 degradability 281:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability 259:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets 259:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 12 69 theme starter 1382:1388 arg1 intake 1390:1395 Daily starter intake 1376:1395 Daily starter intake 1376:1395 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 16 70 theme N 2051:2051 arg1 disappearance 2030:2042 Ruminal disappearance 2022:2042 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations 2022:2085 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations increased linearly with age. 30639014 5 71 dep % 745:745 arg1 starch 747:752 starch 747:752 31% starch 743:752 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 14 72 theme models 1711:1716 arg1 procedure 1718:1726 a mixed models procedure 1703:1726 a mixed models procedure 1703:1726 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 10 73 dep dried 1201:1205 arg1 55°C 1208:1211 55°C 1208:1211 55°C 1208:1211 After removal from the rumen, bags were rinsed, dried (55°C), and composited by diet and by calf within week for NDF, nitrogen (N), and starch analyses. 30639014 3 74 theme birth 505:509 arg1 weight 511:516 Mean birth weight 500:516 Mean birth weight 500:516 Mean birth weight was 38.7 ± 1.3 kg. 30639014 7 75 theme diets 995:999 arg1 × 1001:1001 2 diets × 2 time points 993:1015 2 diets × 2 time points 993:1015 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 7 75 theme diets 995:999 arg1 bags/calf 982:990 8 bags/calf 980:990 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points) 980:1016 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 5 76 theme neutral 688:694 arg1 % 686:686 13% 684:686 13% neutral detergent fiber 684:710 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 1 77 theme rumen 259:263 arg1 degradability 281:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability 259:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets 259:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 15 78 theme dry 1886:1888 arg1 DM 1898:1899 DM 1898:1899 DM 1898:1899 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 78 theme dry 1886:1888 arg1 matter 1890:1895 dry matter 1886:1895 dry matter (DM) 1886:1900 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 1 79 theme whole-tract 269:279 arg1 degradability 281:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability 259:293 rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets 259:317 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 17 80 dep DM 2126:2127 arg1 disappearance 2141:2153 disappearance 2141:2153 disappearance 2141:2153 Likewise, DM, NDF, and N disappearance after 24-h incubations also increased. 30639014 7 81 theme bags/calf 982:990 arg1 total 971:975 a total 969:975 a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points) 969:1016 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 0 82 theme in 8:9 arg1 disappearance 16:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance 0:28 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 15 83 theme nutrients 1772:1780 arg1 Intake 1729:1734 Intake 1729:1734 Intake 1729:1734 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 83 theme nutrients 1772:1780 arg1 excretion 1746:1754 fecal excretion 1740:1754 fecal excretion 1740:1754 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 0 84 dep in 8:9 arg1 situ 11:14 situ 11:14 situ 11:14 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 16 85 theme Ruminal 2022:2028 arg1 disappearance 2030:2042 Ruminal disappearance 2022:2042 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations 2022:2085 Ruminal disappearance of DM, N, and starch after 9-h incubations increased linearly with age. 30639014 19 86 theme Ruminal 2264:2270 arg1 disappearance 2272:2284 Ruminal disappearance 2264:2284 Ruminal disappearance 2264:2284 Ruminal disappearance was estimable for DM, NDF, N, and starch. 30639014 3 87 theme ± 527:527 arg1 kg 533:534 38.7 ± 1.3 kg 522:534 38.7 ± 1.3 kg 522:534 Mean birth weight was 38.7 ± 1.3 kg. 30639014 0 88 theme whole-tract 34:44 arg1 digestion 46:54 whole-tract digestion 34:54 whole-tract digestion 34:54 Ruminal in situ disappearance and whole-tract digestion of starter feeds in calves before, during, and after weaning. 30639014 9 89 theme bags 1086:1089 arg1 Half 1074:1077 Half 1074:1077 Half of the bags 1074:1089 Half of the bags were removed at 9 h, and the other half were removed at 24 h. 30639014 7 90 theme diet 960:963 arg1 bags 947:950 duplicate bags 937:950 duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points) 937:1016 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 1 91 theme diets 396:400 arg1 degradability 379:391 ruminal degradability 371:391 ruminal degradability of diets in calves 371:410 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 92 theme repeated 220:227 arg1 measures 229:236 repeated measures 220:236 repeated measures over time 220:246 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 93 used used 182:185 arg2 calves 127:132 Ten bull calves 118:132 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) 118:145 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 93 used used 182:185 arg2 5/diet 139:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 n = 5/diet 135:144 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 1 94 from degradability 379:391 arg1 calves 405:410 calves 405:410 calves 405:410 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 15 95 dep wk 1976:1977 arg1 to 1981:1982 to 1981:1982 to 1981:1982 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 15 96 theme fecal 1740:1744 arg1 excretion 1746:1754 fecal excretion 1740:1754 fecal excretion 1740:1754 Intake and fecal excretion of all measured nutrients increased from wk 5 through wk 15 of age and were greater for calves fed TEX, whereas the proportion of dry matter (DM), N, and starch apparently digested through the total tract decreased from wk 5 to 15 and was greater in calves fed PEL. 30639014 13 97 theme starch 1582:1587 arg1 content 1589:1595 starch content 1582:1595 starch content 1582:1595 Diets, refusals, and feces were subsampled, dried, ground, composited by calf by week, and analyzed for NDF, N, and starch content. 30639014 7 98 theme duplicate 937:945 arg1 bags 947:950 duplicate bags 937:950 duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points) 937:1016 Each calf received duplicate bags of each diet for a total of 8 bags/calf (2 diets × 2 time points). 30639014 1 99 theme different 415:423 arg1 ages 425:428 different ages 415:428 different ages 415:428 Ten bull calves (n = 5/diet) were cannulated at 3 wk of age and used in a 2 × 2 factorial design with repeated measures over time to compare rumen and whole-tract degradability of 2 calf starter diets and to describe an in situ technique for estimating ruminal degradability of diets in calves at different ages. 30639014 18 100 theme NDF 2226:2228 arg1 disappearance 2202:2214 Ruminal disappearance 2194:2214 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF 2194:2228 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF was greater for PEL than for TEX. 30639014 12 101 theme 3-d 1453:1455 arg1 periods 1457:1463 the same 3-d periods 1444:1463 the same 3-d periods 1444:1463 Daily starter intake and total fecal excretion were recorded during the same 3-d periods. 30639014 5 102 theme 22 755:756 arg1 % 757:757 % 757:757 % 757:757 Starter diets were a complete pellet (PEL; 42% starch, 13% neutral detergent fiber, NDF) or texturized feed (TEX; 31% starch, 22% NDF). 30639014 14 103 theme Apparent 1598:1605 arg1 coefficients 1621:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients 1598:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients 1598:1632 Apparent digestibility coefficients, total intake, and fecal excretion were calculated and analyzed with a mixed models procedure. 30639014 18 104 theme DM 2219:2220 arg1 disappearance 2202:2214 Ruminal disappearance 2194:2214 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF 2194:2228 Ruminal disappearance of DM and NDF was greater for PEL than for TEX. 28493212 8 0 theme in 1721:1722 arg1 models 1743:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 3 1 theme cell-instructive 757:772 arg1 tissues 744:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 3 1 theme cell-instructive 757:772 arg1 component 774:782 a cell-instructive component 755:782 a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions 755:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 8 2 theme systems 1776:1782 arg1 development 1686:1696 the development 1682:1696 the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems 1682:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 7 3 theme cell 1537:1540 arg1 s 1547:1547 s 1547:1547 s 1547:1547 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 7 3 theme cell 1537:1540 arg1 type 1542:1545 cell type 1537:1545 cell type(s) 1537:1548 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 8 4 theme cell 1730:1733 arg1 models 1743:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 6 5 theme hydrogel 1379:1386 arg1 carriers 1388:1395 hydrogel carriers 1379:1395 hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration 1379:1434 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 6 6 theme chondroitin 1277:1287 arg1 MCS 1299:1301 MCS 1299:1301 MCS 1299:1301 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 6 6 theme chondroitin 1277:1287 arg1 sulphate 1289:1296 methacrylated chondroitin sulphate 1263:1296 methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) 1263:1302 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 6 7 dep methods 1238:1244 arg1 synthesizing 1250:1261 synthesizing 1250:1261 synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) 1250:1302 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 6 7 dep methods 1238:1244 arg1 performing 1312:1321 performing 1312:1321 performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration 1312:1434 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 3 8 theme hydrogel 793:800 arg1 carrier 802:808 a hydrogel carrier 791:808 a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions 791:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 4 9 dep in 890:891 arg1 situ 893:896 situ 893:896 situ 893:896 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 3 10 theme mild 838:841 arg1 conditions 843:852 mild conditions 838:852 mild conditions 838:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 6 11 theme induced 1350:1356 arg1 crosslinking 1358:1369 UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking 1323:1369 UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking 1323:1369 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 3 12 theme alternative 634:644 arg1 approach 646:653 an alternative approach 631:653 an alternative approach 631:653 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 3 12 theme alternative 634:644 arg1 methods 691:697 methods 691:697 methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions 691:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 2 13 theme response 618:625 arg1 interactions 560:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions 537:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 537:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 13 theme response 618:625 arg1 mediators 592:600 important mediators 582:600 important mediators of the cellular response 582:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 7 14 theme ECM 1510:1512 arg1 source 1514:1519 ECM source 1510:1519 ECM source 1510:1519 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 0 15 theme Cell 128:131 arg1 Systems 142:148 Cell Delivery Systems 128:148 Cell Delivery Systems 128:148 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 5 16 theme cryo-milling 1160:1171 arg1 process 1173:1179 the cryo-milling process 1156:1179 the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles 1156:1214 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 1 17 theme innate 226:231 arg1 capacity 233:240 the innate capacity 222:240 the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation 222:386 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 6 18 theme UV-initiated 1323:1334 arg1 crosslinking 1358:1369 UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking 1323:1369 UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking 1323:1369 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 4 19 theme cells 1005:1009 arg1 distribution 989:1000 a homogeneous distribution 975:1000 a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM 975:1017 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 5 20 theme Detailed 1020:1027 arg1 protocols 1029:1037 Detailed protocols 1020:1037 Detailed protocols 1020:1037 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 4 21 with seeding 962:968 arg1 distribution 989:1000 a homogeneous distribution 975:1000 a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM 975:1017 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 2 22 theme interactions 560:571 arg1 terms 484:488 terms 484:488 terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 484:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 4 23 theme ECM 1015:1017 arg1 distribution 989:1000 a homogeneous distribution 975:1000 a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM 975:1017 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 7 24 theme great 1467:1471 arg1 flexibility 1473:1483 great flexibility 1467:1483 great flexibility 1467:1483 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 1 25 theme lineage-specific 355:370 arg1 differentiation 372:386 lineage-specific differentiation 355:386 lineage-specific differentiation 355:386 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 8 26 dep in 1721:1722 arg1 vitro 1724:1728 vitro 1724:1728 vitro 1724:1728 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 1 27 theme promising 184:192 arg1 biomaterials 194:205 promising biomaterials 184:205 promising biomaterials 184:205 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 0 28 theme In 108:109 arg1 Models 117:122 In Vitro Models 108:122 In Vitro Models 108:122 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 5 29 theme effective 1060:1068 arg1 decellularization 1070:1086 the effective decellularization 1056:1086 the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage 1056:1142 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 5 30 theme ECM 1202:1204 arg1 particles 1206:1214 the ECM particles 1198:1214 the ECM particles 1198:1214 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 0 31 dep In 108:109 arg1 Vitro 111:115 Vitro 111:115 Vitro 111:115 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 2 32 theme properties 514:523 arg1 terms 484:488 terms 484:488 terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 484:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 33 theme decellularized 436:449 arg1 ECM 451:453 decellularized ECM 436:453 decellularized ECM 436:453 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 0 34 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 Bioscaffolds 10:21 Composite Bioscaffolds 0:21 Composite Bioscaffolds 0:21 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 7 35 theme hydrogel 1441:1448 arg1 composites 1450:1459 The hydrogel composites 1437:1459 The hydrogel composites 1437:1459 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 2 36 theme tuning 493:498 arg1 properties 514:523 tuning biomechanical properties 493:523 tuning biomechanical properties 493:523 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 3 37 theme cryo-milled 717:727 arg1 tissues 744:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 3 37 theme cryo-milled 717:727 arg1 component 774:782 a cell-instructive component 755:782 a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions 755:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 1 38 theme stem 327:330 arg1 proliferation 337:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 7 39 theme desired 1598:1604 arg1 response 1615:1622 the desired cellular response 1594:1622 the desired cellular response 1594:1622 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 5 40 theme auricular 1124:1132 arg1 cartilage 1134:1142 porcine auricular cartilage 1116:1142 porcine auricular cartilage 1116:1142 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 4 41 theme high 922:925 arg1 viability 932:940 high cell viability 922:940 high cell viability 922:940 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 8 42 theme culture 1735:1741 arg1 models 1743:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 5 43 theme adipose 1097:1103 arg1 tissue 1105:1110 human adipose tissue 1091:1110 human adipose tissue 1091:1110 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 2 44 from versatility 469:479 arg1 terms 484:488 terms 484:488 terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 484:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 1 45 theme extracellular 265:277 arg1 ECM 287:289 ECM 287:289 ECM 287:289 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 1 45 theme extracellular 265:277 arg1 matrix 279:284 the tissue-specific extracellular matrix 245:284 the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) 245:290 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 2 46 attach derived 411:417 arg1 ECM 451:453 decellularized ECM 436:453 decellularized ECM 436:453 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 46 attach derived 411:417 arg2 bioscaffolds 398:409 bioscaffolds 398:409 bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM 398:453 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 7 47 theme seeding 1554:1560 arg1 density 1562:1568 seeding density 1554:1568 seeding density 1554:1568 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 4 48 theme efficient 952:960 arg1 seeding 962:968 efficient seeding 952:968 efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM 952:1017 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 8 49 theme 3-D 1717:1719 arg1 models 1743:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 8 50 theme delivery 1767:1774 arg1 systems 1776:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 4 51 theme cell 927:930 arg1 viability 932:940 high cell viability 922:940 high cell viability 922:940 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 6 52 theme methacrylated 1263:1275 arg1 MCS 1299:1301 MCS 1299:1301 MCS 1299:1301 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 6 52 theme methacrylated 1263:1275 arg1 sulphate 1289:1296 methacrylated chondroitin sulphate 1263:1296 methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) 1263:1302 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 7 53 theme particle 1522:1529 arg1 size 1531:1534 particle size 1522:1534 particle size 1522:1534 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 0 54 theme Delivery 133:140 arg1 Systems 142:148 Cell Delivery Systems 128:148 Cell Delivery Systems 128:148 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 2 55 theme cellular 609:616 arg1 response 618:625 the cellular response 605:625 the cellular response 605:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 4 56 theme homogeneous 977:987 arg1 distribution 989:1000 a homogeneous distribution 975:1000 a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM 975:1017 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 7 57 theme hydrogel 1494:1501 arg1 phase 1503:1507 the hydrogel phase 1490:1507 the hydrogel phase 1490:1507 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 6 58 theme cartilage 1413:1421 arg1 regeneration 1423:1434 cartilage regeneration 1413:1434 cartilage regeneration 1413:1434 Further, we describe methods for synthesizing methacrylated chondroitin sulphate (MCS) and for performing UV-initiated and thermally induced crosslinking to form hydrogel carriers for adipose and cartilage regeneration. 28493212 8 59 dep in 1754:1755 arg1 vivo 1757:1760 vivo 1757:1760 vivo 1757:1760 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 3 60 theme current 663:669 arg1 chapter 671:677 the current chapter 659:677 the current chapter 659:677 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 1 61 theme Decellularized 151:164 arg1 tissues 166:172 Decellularized tissues 151:172 Decellularized tissues 151:172 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 2 62 theme cell-ECM 551:558 arg1 interactions 560:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions 537:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 537:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 62 theme cell-ECM 551:558 arg1 mediators 592:600 important mediators 582:600 important mediators of the cellular response 582:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 63 theme cell-cell 537:545 arg1 interactions 560:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions 537:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 537:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 63 theme cell-cell 537:545 arg1 mediators 592:600 important mediators 582:600 important mediators of the cellular response 582:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 64 theme important 582:590 arg1 interactions 560:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions 537:571 cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 537:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 2 64 theme important 582:590 arg1 mediators 592:600 important mediators 582:600 important mediators of the cellular response 582:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 4 65 theme composite 860:868 arg1 strategy 870:877 This composite strategy 855:877 This composite strategy 855:877 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 2 66 theme biomechanical 500:512 arg1 properties 514:523 tuning biomechanical properties 493:523 tuning biomechanical properties 493:523 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 0 67 theme Decellularized 37:50 arg1 ECM 52:54 Decellularized ECM 37:54 Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component 37:86 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 1 68 theme cell 302:305 arg1 functions 307:315 cell functions 302:315 cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation 302:386 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 1 68 theme cell 302:305 arg1 proliferation 337:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 1 68 theme cell 302:305 arg1 differentiation 372:386 lineage-specific differentiation 355:386 lineage-specific differentiation 355:386 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 5 69 theme porcine 1116:1122 arg1 cartilage 1134:1142 porcine auricular cartilage 1116:1142 porcine auricular cartilage 1116:1142 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 8 70 theme promising 1658:1666 arg1 platforms 1668:1676 promising platforms 1658:1676 promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems 1658:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 4 71 theme cell 898:901 arg1 encapsulation 903:915 in situ cell encapsulation 890:915 in situ cell encapsulation 890:915 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 2 72 theme limited 461:467 arg1 versatility 469:479 limited versatility 461:479 limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response 461:625 However, bioscaffolds derived exclusively from decellularized ECM offer limited versatility in terms of tuning biomechanical properties, as well as cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions that are important mediators of the cellular response. 28493212 0 73 theme Cell-Instructive 61:76 arg1 Component 78:86 a Cell-Instructive Component 59:86 a Cell-Instructive Component 59:86 Composite Bioscaffolds Incorporating Decellularized ECM as a Cell-Instructive Component Within Hydrogels as In Vitro Models and Cell Delivery Systems. 28493212 1 74 theme cell 332:335 arg1 proliferation 337:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 stem cell proliferation 327:349 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 7 75 theme cellular 1606:1613 arg1 response 1615:1622 the desired cellular response 1594:1622 the desired cellular response 1594:1622 The hydrogel composites offer great flexibility, and the hydrogel phase, ECM source, particle size, cell type(s) and seeding density can be tuned to promote the desired cellular response. 28493212 5 76 theme cartilage 1134:1142 arg1 process 1173:1179 the cryo-milling process 1156:1179 the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles 1156:1214 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 5 76 theme cartilage 1134:1142 arg1 decellularization 1070:1086 the effective decellularization 1056:1086 the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage 1056:1142 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 8 77 theme models 1743:1748 arg1 development 1686:1696 the development 1682:1696 the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems 1682:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 5 78 theme human 1091:1095 arg1 tissue 1105:1110 human adipose tissue 1091:1110 human adipose tissue 1091:1110 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 3 79 theme decellularized 729:742 arg1 tissues 744:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 cryo-milled decellularized tissues 717:750 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 3 79 theme decellularized 729:742 arg1 component 774:782 a cell-instructive component 755:782 a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions 755:852 As an alternative approach, in the current chapter we describe methods for incorporating cryo-milled decellularized tissues as a cell-instructive component within a hydrogel carrier designed to crosslink under mild conditions. 28493212 8 80 theme in 1754:1755 arg1 systems 1776:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 1 81 theme tissue-specific 249:263 arg1 ECM 287:289 ECM 287:289 ECM 287:289 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 1 81 theme tissue-specific 249:263 arg1 matrix 279:284 the tissue-specific extracellular matrix 245:284 the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) 245:290 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 28493212 5 82 theme tissue 1105:1110 arg1 process 1173:1179 the cryo-milling process 1156:1179 the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles 1156:1214 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 5 82 theme tissue 1105:1110 arg1 decellularization 1070:1086 the effective decellularization 1056:1086 the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage 1056:1142 Detailed protocols are provided for the effective decellularization of human adipose tissue and porcine auricular cartilage, as well as the cryo-milling process used to generate the ECM particles. 28493212 8 83 theme tissue-specific 1701:1715 arg1 models 1743:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models 1701:1748 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 4 84 theme in 890:891 arg1 encapsulation 903:915 in situ cell encapsulation 890:915 in situ cell encapsulation 890:915 This composite strategy can enable in situ cell encapsulation with high cell viability, allowing efficient seeding with a homogeneous distribution of cells and ECM. 28493212 8 85 theme cell 1762:1765 arg1 systems 1776:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 in vivo cell delivery systems 1754:1782 Overall, these systems represent promising platforms for the development of tissue-specific 3-D in vitro cell culture models and in vivo cell delivery systems. 28493212 1 86 theme matrix 279:284 arg1 capacity 233:240 the innate capacity 222:240 the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation 222:386 Decellularized tissues represent promising biomaterials, which harness the innate capacity of the tissue-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell functions including stem cell proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation. 30732816 4 0 theme fruit 802:806 arg1 decay 808:812 fruit decay 802:812 fruit decay 802:812 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 3 1 theme respiration 566:576 arg1 rate 578:581 respiration rate 566:581 respiration rate 566:581 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 1 2 theme wheat 130:134 arg1 arabinoxylan 142:153 wheat straw arabinoxylan 130:153 wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) 130:158 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 4 3 theme shellac 854:860 arg1 apples 869:874 shellac coated apples 854:874 shellac coated apples 854:874 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 1 4 theme composite 199:207 arg1 coating 209:215 composite coating 199:215 composite coating 199:215 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 5 theme post-harvest 67:78 arg1 quality 80:86 post-harvest quality 67:86 post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious) 67:113 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 1 6 theme straw 136:140 arg1 arabinoxylan 142:153 wheat straw arabinoxylan 130:153 wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) 130:158 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 7 theme apple 91:95 arg1 quality 80:86 post-harvest quality 67:86 post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious) 67:113 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 0 8 from Effect 0:5 arg1 quality 80:86 post-harvest quality 67:86 post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious) 67:113 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 1 9 theme % 338:338 arg1 humidity 316:323 relative humidity 307:323 relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days 307:350 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 3 10 theme storage 706:712 arg1 period 714:719 the storage period 702:719 the storage period of more than 30 days 702:740 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 5 11 theme shelf 1033:1037 arg1 life 1039:1042 the shelf life and quality 1029:1054 life 1039:1042 These findings confirmed the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage. 30732816 2 12 theme AX-SABG 403:409 arg1 coatings 391:398 surface coatings 383:398 surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4% 383:453 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 1 13 from effect 120:125 arg1 life 244:247 the quality and storage life 220:247 life 244:247 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 3 14 theme polyphenol 647:656 arg1 activity 666:673 polyphenol oxidase activity 647:673 polyphenol oxidase activity 647:673 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 3 15 theme days 737:740 arg1 period 714:719 the storage period 702:719 the storage period of more than 30 days 702:740 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 1 16 theme arabinoxylan 142:153 arg1 effect 120:125 The effect 116:125 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) 116:274 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 3 17 theme oxidase 658:664 arg1 activity 666:673 polyphenol oxidase activity 647:673 polyphenol oxidase activity 647:673 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 4 18 theme volatiles 832:840 arg1 loss 818:821 loss 818:821 loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples 818:874 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 4 18 theme volatiles 832:840 arg1 decay 808:812 fruit decay 802:812 fruit decay 802:812 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 3 19 theme weight 553:558 arg1 loss 560:563 weight loss 553:563 weight loss 553:563 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 4 20 theme aroma 826:830 arg1 volatiles 832:840 aroma volatiles 826:840 aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples 826:874 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 1 21 theme quality 224:230 arg1 life 244:247 the quality and storage life 220:247 life 244:247 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 4 22 theme maximum 912:918 arg1 deterioration 928:940 maximum quality deterioration 912:940 maximum quality deterioration 912:940 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 3 23 theme fruit 584:588 arg1 process 600:606 fruit softening process 584:606 fruit softening process 584:606 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 2 24 theme concentration 427:439 arg1 range 441:445 the concentration range 423:445 the concentration range of 1-4% 423:453 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 0 25 theme arabinoxylan 10:21 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 0:114 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 1 26 theme storage 236:242 arg1 life 244:247 the quality and storage life 220:247 life 244:247 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 3 27 theme shellac 495:501 arg1 % 507:507 1-4% 504:507 1-4% 504:507 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 3 27 theme shellac 495:501 arg1 coatings 510:517 both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings 471:517 coatings 510:517 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 1 28 theme β-glucan 164:171 arg1 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 28 theme β-glucan 164:171 arg1 ester 186:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester 164:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) 164:197 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 29 theme stearic 36:42 arg1 acid 44:47 β-glucan stearic acid 27:47 β-glucan stearic acid 27:47 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 4 30 theme AX-SABG 755:761 arg1 coating 763:769 an AX-SABG coating 752:769 an AX-SABG coating 752:769 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 4 30 theme AX-SABG 755:761 arg1 effective 780:788 effective 780:788 effective 780:788 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 4 31 theme quality 920:926 arg1 deterioration 928:940 maximum quality deterioration 912:940 maximum quality deterioration 912:940 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 1 32 theme stearic 173:179 arg1 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 32 theme stearic 173:179 arg1 ester 186:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester 164:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) 164:197 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 33 theme β-glucan 27:34 arg1 acid 44:47 β-glucan stearic acid 27:47 β-glucan stearic acid 27:47 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 2 34 theme Fresh 353:357 arg1 fruits 359:364 Fresh fruits 353:364 Fresh fruits 353:364 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 1 35 theme relative 307:314 arg1 humidity 316:323 relative humidity 307:323 relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days 307:350 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 36 theme acid 181:184 arg1 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 SABG 193:196 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 36 theme acid 181:184 arg1 ester 186:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester 164:190 β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) 164:197 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 37 theme ester 49:53 arg1 coatings 55:62 ester coatings 49:62 ester coatings 49:62 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 1 38 theme apple 252:256 arg1 life 244:247 the quality and storage life 220:247 life 244:247 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 2 39 theme % 453:453 arg1 range 441:445 the concentration range 423:445 the concentration range of 1-4% 423:453 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 5 40 theme AX-SABG 1003:1009 arg1 coating 1011:1017 AX-SABG coating 1003:1017 AX-SABG coating 1003:1017 These findings confirmed the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage. 30732816 1 41 dep arabinoxylan 142:153 arg1 AX 156:157 AX 156:157 AX 156:157 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 41 dep arabinoxylan 142:153 arg1 coating 209:215 composite coating 199:215 composite coating 199:215 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 42 theme acid 44:47 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 0:114 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 3 43 theme softening 590:598 arg1 process 600:606 fruit softening process 584:606 fruit softening process 584:606 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 3 44 theme coatings 510:517 arg1 Application 456:466 Application 456:466 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings 456:517 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 4 45 theme un-coated 881:889 arg1 apples 891:896 the un-coated apples 877:896 the un-coated apples 877:896 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 2 46 from coatings 391:398 arg1 range 441:445 the concentration range 423:445 the concentration range of 1-4% 423:453 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 1 47 theme ester 186:190 arg1 effect 120:125 The effect 116:125 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) 116:274 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 1 48 theme % 330:330 arg1 humidity 316:323 relative humidity 307:323 relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days 307:350 The effect of wheat straw arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan stearic acid ester (SABG) composite coating on the quality and storage life of apple (Royal Delicious) was studied at 22 °C (±2) with relative humidity of 65% and 85% for 60 days. 30732816 0 49 dep arabinoxylan 10:21 arg1 coatings 55:62 ester coatings 49:62 ester coatings 49:62 Effect of arabinoxylan and β-glucan stearic acid ester coatings on post-harvest quality of apple (Royal Delicious). 30732816 2 50 theme surface 383:389 arg1 coatings 391:398 surface coatings 383:398 surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4% 383:453 Fresh fruits were coated with surface coatings of AX-SABG, shellac in the concentration range of 1-4%. 30732816 3 51 theme AX-SABG 476:482 arg1 Application 456:466 Application 456:466 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings 456:517 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 5 52 theme potential 972:980 arg1 benefits 982:989 the potential benefits 968:989 the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage 968:1109 These findings confirmed the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage. 30732816 5 53 theme apples 1059:1064 arg1 quality 1048:1054 the shelf life and quality 1029:1054 quality 1048:1054 These findings confirmed the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage. 30732816 5 53 theme apples 1059:1064 arg1 life 1039:1042 the shelf life and quality 1029:1054 life 1039:1042 These findings confirmed the potential benefits of applying AX-SABG coating to extend the shelf life and quality of apples especially during transportation and storage. 30732816 3 54 theme color 625:629 arg1 degradation 631:641 color degradation 625:641 color degradation 625:641 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 30732816 4 55 theme coated 862:867 arg1 apples 869:874 shellac coated apples 854:874 shellac coated apples 854:874 However, an AX-SABG coating was more effective in reducing fruit decay and loss of aroma volatiles followed by shellac coated apples; the un-coated apples being showing maximum quality deterioration. 30732816 3 56 theme ripening 609:616 arg1 index 618:622 ripening index 609:622 ripening index 609:622 Application of both AX-SABG (1-4%) and shellac (1-4%) coatings was found to significantly reduce weight loss, respiration rate, fruit softening process, ripening index, color degradation and polyphenol oxidase activity compared to control during the storage period of more than 30 days. 31353738 3 0 theme hot 627:629 arg1 treatment 639:647 hot soaking treatment 627:647 hot soaking treatment 627:647 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 0 1 theme mineral 163:169 arg1 starch 172:177 starch 172:177 starch 172:177 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 8 2 theme high 1068:1071 arg1 content 1082:1088 high phenolic content 1068:1088 high phenolic content 1068:1088 Athikaraya showed high phenolic content and antioxidant properties compared to other two varieties. 31353738 10 3 theme simple 1410:1415 arg1 soaking 1421:1427 simple hot soaking 1410:1427 simple hot soaking with various soaking periods 1410:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 10 4 theme PRACTICAL 1259:1267 arg1 APPLICATIONS 1269:1280 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 1259:1280 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 1259:1457 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 5 5 theme Amylose 772:778 arg1 equivalents 780:790 Amylose equivalents 772:790 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties 772:813 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties exhibited in the range of 24%-27% (d.b). 31353738 1 6 theme study 246:250 arg1 objective 228:236 The objective 224:236 The objective of this study 224:250 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 10 7 with soaking 1421:1427 arg1 periods 1450:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 8 8 theme antioxidant 1094:1104 arg1 properties 1106:1115 antioxidant properties 1094:1115 antioxidant properties 1094:1115 Athikaraya showed high phenolic content and antioxidant properties compared to other two varieties. 31353738 10 9 theme various 1434:1440 arg1 periods 1450:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 10 10 contain has 1301:1303 arg2 significance 1309:1320 the significance 1305:1320 the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods 1305:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 10 10 contain has 1301:1303 arg1 study 1295:1299 The present study 1283:1299 The present study 1283:1299 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 13 11 theme food 1955:1958 arg1 processors 1960:1969 food processors 1955:1969 food processors 1955:1969 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 3 12 theme rice 553:556 arg1 varieties 564:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties 539:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya 539:607 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 3 12 theme rice 553:556 arg1 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 8 13 theme other 1129:1133 arg1 varieties 1139:1147 other two varieties 1129:1147 other two varieties 1129:1147 Athikaraya showed high phenolic content and antioxidant properties compared to other two varieties. 31353738 11 14 theme method 1492:1497 arg1 advantage 1474:1482 The industrial advantage 1459:1482 The industrial advantage of this method 1459:1497 The industrial advantage of this method is, there is no usage of boiler for cooking the paddy by steam, which was economically better. 31353738 0 15 theme dehusked 139:146 arg1 rice 148:151 their dehusked rice 133:151 their dehusked rice 133:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 13 16 theme pigmented 1929:1937 arg1 rice 1939:1942 pigmented rice 1929:1942 pigmented rice 1929:1942 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 0 17 theme simple 50:55 arg1 soaking 61:67 simple hot soaking 50:67 simple hot soaking 50:67 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 1 18 theme simple 284:289 arg1 parboiling 291:300 simple parboiling 284:300 simple parboiling 284:300 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 6 19 theme amylose 877:883 arg1 content 885:891 the soluble amylose content 865:891 the soluble amylose content 865:891 Whereas, the soluble amylose content showed 12.7, 8.7, and 7.7% (d.b) in Athikaraya, Meter and Jyothi rice varieties, respectively. 31353738 10 20 theme present 1287:1293 arg1 study 1295:1299 The present study 1283:1299 The present study 1283:1299 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 13 21 theme better 1906:1911 arg1 appreciation 1913:1924 better appreciation 1906:1924 better appreciation of pigmented rice 1906:1942 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 0 22 theme bioaccessibility 198:213 arg1 studies 215:221 their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies 157:221 their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies 157:221 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 2 23 theme nutrients 491:499 arg1 varieties 441:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 23 theme nutrients 491:499 arg1 bioaccessibility 462:477 bioaccessibility 462:477 bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants) 462:536 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 23 theme nutrients 491:499 arg1 raw 417:419 raw 417:419 raw 417:419 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 23 theme nutrients 491:499 arg1 nutrients 491:499 specific nutrients 482:499 specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants) 482:536 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 0 24 from Influence 0:8 arg1 properties 119:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties 72:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice 72:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 4 25 theme Athikaraya 684:693 arg1 rice 695:698 Athikaraya rice 684:698 Athikaraya rice 684:698 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 0 26 theme physical 72:79 arg1 properties 119:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties 72:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice 72:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 1 27 theme proximate 326:334 arg1 composition 336:346 proximate composition 326:346 proximate composition 326:346 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 12 28 theme selected 1708:1715 arg1 varieties 1732:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 0 29 dep physical 72:79 arg1 antioxidant 107:117 antioxidant 107:117 antioxidant 107:117 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 0 29 dep physical 72:79 arg1 phytochemical 92:104 phytochemical 92:104 phytochemical 92:104 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 0 29 dep physical 72:79 arg1 nutrient 82:89 nutrient 82:89 nutrient 82:89 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 6 30 dep showed 893:898 arg1 Whereas 856:862 Whereas 856:862 Whereas 856:862 Whereas, the soluble amylose content showed 12.7, 8.7, and 7.7% (d.b) in Athikaraya, Meter and Jyothi rice varieties, respectively. 31353738 9 31 theme minerals 1171:1178 arg1 dialysability 1154:1166 The dialysability 1150:1166 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants 1150:1204 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 31353738 12 32 theme rice 1727:1730 arg1 varieties 1732:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 5 33 theme % 843:843 arg1 d.b 850:852 d.b 850:852 d.b 850:852 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties exhibited in the range of 24%-27% (d.b). 31353738 5 33 theme % 843:843 arg1 % 847:847 24%-27% 841:847 24%-27% (d.b) 841:853 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties exhibited in the range of 24%-27% (d.b). 31353738 0 34 theme parboiling 13:22 arg1 studies 215:221 their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies 157:221 their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies 157:221 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 0 34 theme parboiling 13:22 arg1 Influence 0:8 Influence 0:8 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice 0:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 9 35 theme starch 1181:1186 arg1 dialysability 1154:1166 The dialysability 1150:1166 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants 1150:1204 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 31353738 5 36 theme % 847:847 arg1 range 832:836 the range 828:836 the range of 24%-27% (d.b) 828:853 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties exhibited in the range of 24%-27% (d.b). 31353738 2 37 theme paddy 435:439 arg1 varieties 441:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 37 theme paddy 435:439 arg1 nutrients 491:499 specific nutrients 482:499 specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants) 482:536 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 10 38 dep APPLICATIONS 1269:1280 arg1 has 1301:1303 has 1301:1303 has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods 1301:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 13 39 theme specialty 2029:2037 arg1 preparations 2044:2055 specialty food preparations 2029:2055 specialty food preparations 2029:2055 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 0 40 theme red 27:29 arg1 varieties 37:45 red paddy varieties 27:45 red paddy varieties 27:45 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 10 41 theme rice 1375:1378 arg1 varieties 1380:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 11 42 theme boiler 1524:1529 arg1 usage 1515:1519 no usage 1512:1519 no usage of boiler for cooking the paddy by steam, which was economically better 1512:1591 The industrial advantage of this method is, there is no usage of boiler for cooking the paddy by steam, which was economically better. 31353738 0 43 theme varieties 37:45 arg1 parboiling 13:22 parboiling 13:22 parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking 13:67 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 10 44 theme different 1355:1363 arg1 varieties 1380:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 4 45 theme protein 712:718 arg1 ash 725:727 high protein, low ash 707:727 high protein, low ash in raw 707:734 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 3 46 dep Jyothi 582:587 arg1 Athikaraya 598:607 Athikaraya 598:607 Athikaraya 598:607 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 9 47 theme simple 1228:1233 arg1 parboiling 1247:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 31353738 13 48 theme food 2039:2042 arg1 preparations 2044:2055 specialty food preparations 2029:2055 specialty food preparations 2029:2055 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 1 49 from effect 274:279 arg1 compounds 358:366 phenolic compounds 349:366 phenolic compounds 349:366 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 1 49 from effect 274:279 arg1 activity 385:392 antioxidant activity 373:392 antioxidant activity 373:392 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 1 49 from effect 274:279 arg1 properties 314:323 physical properties 305:323 physical properties 305:323 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 1 49 from effect 274:279 arg1 composition 336:346 proximate composition 326:346 proximate composition 326:346 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 11 50 theme industrial 1463:1472 arg1 advantage 1474:1482 The industrial advantage 1459:1482 The industrial advantage of this method 1459:1497 The industrial advantage of this method is, there is no usage of boiler for cooking the paddy by steam, which was economically better. 31353738 9 51 theme soaking 1239:1245 arg1 parboiling 1247:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 31353738 3 52 theme soaking 631:637 arg1 treatment 639:647 hot soaking treatment 627:647 hot soaking treatment 627:647 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 13 53 theme rice 1984:1987 arg1 variety 1989:1995 rice variety 1984:1995 rice variety 1984:1995 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 12 54 theme minerals 1828:1835 arg1 composition 1767:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 54 theme minerals 1828:1835 arg1 activities 1792:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 54 theme minerals 1828:1835 arg1 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 10 55 theme hot 1417:1419 arg1 soaking 1421:1427 simple hot soaking 1410:1427 simple hot soaking with various soaking periods 1410:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 12 56 theme starch 1838:1843 arg1 composition 1767:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 56 theme starch 1838:1843 arg1 activities 1792:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 56 theme starch 1838:1843 arg1 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 4 57 dep protein 712:718 arg1 high 707:710 high 707:710 high 707:710 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 4 57 dep protein 712:718 arg1 low 721:723 low 721:723 low 721:723 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 4 58 theme other 755:759 arg1 varieties 761:769 other varieties 755:769 other varieties 755:769 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 8 59 theme phenolic 1073:1080 arg1 content 1082:1088 high phenolic content 1068:1088 high phenolic content 1068:1088 Athikaraya showed high phenolic content and antioxidant properties compared to other two varieties. 31353738 10 60 theme soaking 1442:1448 arg1 periods 1450:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 various soaking periods 1434:1456 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 1 61 theme phenolic 349:356 arg1 compounds 358:366 phenolic compounds 349:366 phenolic compounds 349:366 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 3 62 theme pigmented 543:551 arg1 varieties 564:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties 539:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya 539:607 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 3 62 theme pigmented 543:551 arg1 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 12 63 theme antioxidant 1780:1790 arg1 activities 1792:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 0 64 from studies 215:221 arg1 properties 119:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties 72:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice 72:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 0 65 theme rice 148:151 arg1 properties 119:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties 72:128 physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice 72:151 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 1 66 theme antioxidant 373:383 arg1 activity 385:392 antioxidant activity 373:392 antioxidant activity 373:392 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 4 67 from ash 725:727 arg1 raw 732:734 raw 732:734 raw 732:734 Athikaraya rice showed high protein, low ash in raw and parboiled than other varieties. 31353738 0 68 theme hot 57:59 arg1 soaking 61:67 simple hot soaking 50:67 simple hot soaking 50:67 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 13 69 theme rice 1939:1942 arg1 appreciation 1913:1924 better appreciation 1906:1924 better appreciation of pigmented rice 1906:1942 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 3 70 theme paddy 558:562 arg1 varieties 564:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties 539:572 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya 539:607 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 3 70 theme paddy 558:562 arg1 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 Jyothi 582:587 The pigmented rice paddy varieties such as Jyothi, Meter & Athikaraya were parboiled by hot soaking treatment after soaking for 2, 2½, and 3 hr. 31353738 7 71 theme cooking 1034:1040 arg1 volume 1042:1047 cooking volume 1034:1047 cooking volume 1034:1047 Jyothi rice showed less cooking time and more cooking volume. 31353738 1 72 theme parboiling 291:300 arg1 effect 274:279 the effect 270:279 the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity 270:392 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 5 73 theme varieties 805:813 arg1 equivalents 780:790 Amylose equivalents 772:790 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties 772:813 Amylose equivalents of all three varieties exhibited in the range of 24%-27% (d.b). 31353738 6 74 theme soluble 869:875 arg1 content 885:891 the soluble amylose content 865:891 the soluble amylose content 865:891 Whereas, the soluble amylose content showed 12.7, 8.7, and 7.7% (d.b) in Athikaraya, Meter and Jyothi rice varieties, respectively. 31353738 1 75 theme physical 305:312 arg1 properties 314:323 physical properties 305:323 physical properties 305:323 The objective of this study was to know about the effect of simple parboiling on physical properties, proximate composition, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity. 31353738 12 76 theme nutrient 1758:1765 arg1 composition 1767:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 2 77 theme specific 482:489 arg1 nutrients 491:499 specific nutrients 482:499 specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants) 482:536 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 7 78 dep less 1007:1010 arg1 time 1020:1023 cooking time 1012:1023 cooking time 1012:1023 Jyothi rice showed less cooking time and more cooking volume. 31353738 7 79 theme cooking 1012:1018 arg1 time 1020:1023 cooking time 1012:1023 cooking time 1012:1023 Jyothi rice showed less cooking time and more cooking volume. 31353738 12 80 theme pigmented 1717:1725 arg1 varieties 1732:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 the selected pigmented rice varieties 1704:1740 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 81 theme varieties 1732:1740 arg1 quality 1693:1699 the quality 1689:1699 the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties 1689:1740 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 7 82 theme Jyothi 988:993 arg1 rice 995:998 Jyothi rice 988:998 Jyothi rice 988:998 Jyothi rice showed less cooking time and more cooking volume. 31353738 0 83 theme paddy 31:35 arg1 varieties 37:45 red paddy varieties 27:45 red paddy varieties 27:45 Influence of parboiling of red paddy varieties by simple hot soaking on physical, nutrient, phytochemical, antioxidant properties of their dehusked rice and their mineral, starch, and antioxidant's bioaccessibility studies. 31353738 2 84 dep nutrients 491:499 arg1 starch 512:517 starch 512:517 starch 512:517 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 84 dep nutrients 491:499 arg1 antioxidants 524:535 antioxidants 524:535 antioxidants 524:535 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 84 dep nutrients 491:499 arg1 minerals 502:509 minerals 502:509 minerals 502:509 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 85 theme parboiled 425:433 arg1 varieties 441:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 parboiled paddy varieties 425:449 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 2 85 theme parboiled 425:433 arg1 nutrients 491:499 specific nutrients 482:499 specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants) 482:536 These were studied in raw and parboiled paddy varieties as well as bioaccessibility of specific nutrients (minerals, starch, and antioxidants). 31353738 9 86 theme antioxidants 1193:1204 arg1 dialysability 1154:1166 The dialysability 1150:1166 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants 1150:1204 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 31353738 13 87 theme present 1880:1886 arg1 study 1888:1892 the present study 1876:1892 the present study 1876:1892 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 6 88 theme rice 958:961 arg1 varieties 963:971 rice varieties 958:971 rice varieties 958:971 Whereas, the soluble amylose content showed 12.7, 8.7, and 7.7% (d.b) in Athikaraya, Meter and Jyothi rice varieties, respectively. 31353738 10 89 theme pigmented 1365:1373 arg1 varieties 1380:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 different pigmented rice varieties 1355:1388 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The present study has the significance in assessing the variation among different pigmented rice varieties after parboiling by simple hot soaking with various soaking periods. 31353738 6 90 dep Athikaraya 929:938 arg1 varieties 963:971 rice varieties 958:971 rice varieties 958:971 Whereas, the soluble amylose content showed 12.7, 8.7, and 7.7% (d.b) in Athikaraya, Meter and Jyothi rice varieties, respectively. 31353738 7 91 dep more 1029:1032 arg1 volume 1042:1047 cooking volume 1034:1047 cooking volume 1034:1047 Jyothi rice showed less cooking time and more cooking volume. 31353738 13 92 theme unique 2002:2007 arg1 characteristics 2009:2023 unique characteristics 2002:2023 unique characteristics for specialty food preparations 2002:2055 Ultimately, the present study can lead to better appreciation of pigmented rice and assist food processors in selecting rice variety with unique characteristics for specialty food preparations. 31353738 12 93 theme antioxidants 1850:1861 arg1 composition 1767:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 nutrient composition 1758:1777 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 93 theme antioxidants 1850:1861 arg1 activities 1792:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 antioxidant activities 1780:1801 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 12 93 theme antioxidants 1850:1861 arg1 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 bioaccessibility 1808:1823 The information gained by this study might be beneficial for consumers and suppliers regarding the quality of the selected pigmented rice varieties with respect to nutrient composition, antioxidant activities, and bioaccessibility of minerals, starch, and antioxidants. 31353738 9 94 theme hot 1235:1237 arg1 parboiling 1247:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 simple hot soaking parboiling 1228:1256 The dialysability of minerals, starch, and antioxidants were increased due to simple hot soaking parboiling. 30608151 3 0 theme double 593:598 arg1 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 0 theme double 593:598 arg1 acid/FeIII 638:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII 593:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) 593:665 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 1 theme films 583:587 arg1 films 677:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 5 2 theme other 923:927 arg1 films 944:948 other chitosan-based films 923:948 other chitosan-based films 923:948 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 3 3 theme acid/FeIII 638:647 arg1 films 677:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 4 theme chitosan/oxidized 613:629 arg1 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 4 theme chitosan/oxidized 613:629 arg1 acid/FeIII 638:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII 593:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) 593:665 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 8 5 theme composite 1440:1448 arg1 films 1450:1454 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 1424:1454 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) 1424:1463 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 8 5 theme composite 1440:1448 arg1 % 1462:1462 99.06% 1457:1462 99.06% 1457:1462 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 0 6 theme Water 133:137 arg1 Resistance 139:148 Excellent Water Resistance 123:148 Excellent Water Resistance 123:148 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 3 7 theme composite 667:675 arg1 films 677:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 1 8 theme facile 233:238 arg1 strategies 254:263 facile and versatile strategies 233:263 facile and versatile strategies 233:263 There is tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies. 30608151 6 9 with values 1092:1097 arg1 g/m·h·Pa 1143:1150 0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa 1123:1150 0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa 1123:1150 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 9 with values 1092:1097 arg1 FeIII 1117:1121 FeIII 1117:1121 FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1117:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 4 10 theme optimal 768:774 arg1 MPa 876:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 4 10 theme optimal 768:774 arg1 strength 784:791 the optimal tensile strength 764:791 the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 764:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 5 11 theme DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 975:989 arg1 films 1001:1005 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 975:1005 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 975:1005 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 4 12 theme films 816:820 arg1 MPa 876:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 4 12 theme films 816:820 arg1 strength 784:791 the optimal tensile strength 764:791 the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 764:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 5 13 theme films 1001:1005 arg1 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 5 13 theme films 1001:1005 arg1 strength 963:970 the tensile strength 951:970 the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 951:1005 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 3 14 link cross-linked 600:611 arg1 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 14 link cross-linked 600:611 arg1 acid/FeIII 638:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII 593:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) 593:665 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 0 15 theme Tannic 69:74 arg1 Acid 76:79 Oxidized Tannic Acid 60:79 Oxidized Tannic Acid 60:79 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 8 16 theme high 1480:1483 arg1 activity 1509:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 1 17 theme tremendous 160:169 arg1 interest 182:189 tremendous scientific interest 160:189 tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies 160:263 There is tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies. 30608151 6 18 theme vapor 1067:1071 arg1 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 18 theme vapor 1067:1071 arg1 values 1092:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values 1057:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1057:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 8 19 theme radical 1490:1496 arg1 activity 1509:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 4 20 theme DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 826:840 arg1 films 852:856 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 826:856 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 826:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 10 21 theme wastewater 1661:1670 arg1 treatment 1672:1680 wastewater treatment 1661:1680 wastewater treatment 1661:1680 This work can be widely applied in the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields. 30608151 4 22 theme films 852:856 arg1 MPa 876:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 4 22 theme films 852:856 arg1 strength 784:791 the optimal tensile strength 764:791 the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 764:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 2 23 theme water 422:426 arg1 resistance 428:437 weak water resistance 417:437 weak water resistance 417:437 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 0 24 theme High 105:108 arg1 Strength 110:117 High Strength 105:117 High Strength 105:117 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 4 25 theme SC-CS/OTA 796:804 arg1 films 816:820 SC-CS/OTA composite films 796:820 SC-CS/OTA composite films 796:820 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 3 26 theme present 447:453 arg1 study 455:459 the present study 443:459 the present study 443:459 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 0 27 theme Double 0:5 arg1 Films 39:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films 0:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions 0:95 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 7 28 theme lower 1325:1329 arg1 orders 1305:1310 3-4 orders 1301:1310 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported 1301:1378 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 8 29 theme SC-CS/OTA 1385:1393 arg1 films 1405:1409 The SC-CS/OTA composite films 1381:1409 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) 1381:1418 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 8 29 theme SC-CS/OTA 1385:1393 arg1 % 1417:1417 96.69% 1412:1417 96.69% 1412:1417 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 10 30 theme treatment 1672:1680 arg1 fields 1682:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 This work can be widely applied in the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields. 30608151 0 31 theme Chitosan 20:27 arg1 Films 39:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films 0:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions 0:95 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 6 32 theme films 1106:1110 arg1 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 32 theme films 1106:1110 arg1 values 1092:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values 1057:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1057:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 3 33 theme strength 467:474 arg1 films 677:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films 462:681 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 7 34 theme 3-4 1301:1303 arg1 orders 1305:1310 3-4 orders 1301:1310 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported 1301:1378 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 3 35 theme Schiff 706:711 arg1 reaction 718:725 a Schiff base reaction 704:725 a Schiff base reaction 704:725 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 36 theme chitosan-oxidized 531:547 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 7 37 theme films 1290:1294 arg1 values 1250:1255 WVP values 1246:1255 WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 1246:1294 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 3 38 theme resistance 500:509 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 39 theme metal 731:735 arg1 coordination 737:748 metal coordination 731:748 metal coordination 731:748 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 40 theme SC-CS/OTA 562:570 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 41 theme acid 556:559 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 7 42 theme WVP 1246:1248 arg1 values 1250:1255 WVP values 1246:1255 WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 1246:1294 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 2 43 theme chitosan 315:322 arg1 films 324:328 chitosan films 315:328 chitosan films 315:328 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 3 44 theme composite 573:581 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 1 45 theme scientific 171:180 arg1 interest 182:189 tremendous scientific interest 160:189 tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies 160:263 There is tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies. 30608151 3 46 theme tannic 631:636 arg1 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 46 theme tannic 631:636 arg1 acid/FeIII 638:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII 593:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) 593:665 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 5 47 theme chitosan-based 929:942 arg1 films 944:948 other chitosan-based films 923:948 other chitosan-based films 923:948 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 0 48 theme Excellent 123:131 arg1 Resistance 139:148 Excellent Water Resistance 123:148 Excellent Water Resistance 123:148 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 3 49 theme cross-linked 600:611 arg1 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 650:664 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 49 theme cross-linked 600:611 arg1 acid/FeIII 638:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII 593:647 double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) 593:665 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 1 50 theme biodegradable 205:217 arg1 films 219:223 biodegradable films 205:223 biodegradable films 205:223 There is tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies. 30608151 2 51 theme mechanical 393:402 arg1 strength 404:411 low mechanical strength 389:411 low mechanical strength 389:411 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 2 52 theme reported 355:362 arg1 results 364:370 the reported results 351:370 the reported results 351:370 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 3 53 link single-cross-linked 511:529 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 5 54 theme composite 991:999 arg1 films 1001:1005 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 975:1005 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 975:1005 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 4 55 theme tensile 776:782 arg1 MPa 876:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 35.92 and 209 MPa 862:878 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 4 55 theme tensile 776:782 arg1 strength 784:791 the optimal tensile strength 764:791 the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 764:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 2 56 theme extensive 275:283 arg1 studies 285:291 extensive studies 275:291 extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films 275:328 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 6 57 theme WVP 1087:1089 arg1 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 57 theme WVP 1087:1089 arg1 values 1092:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values 1057:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1057:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 8 58 theme DPPH 1485:1488 arg1 activity 1509:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 7 59 theme chitosan 1345:1352 arg1 films 1354:1358 chitosan films 1345:1358 chitosan films previously reported 1345:1378 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 5 60 dep times 1031:1035 arg1 stronger 1037:1044 stronger 1037:1044 stronger 1037:1044 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 0 61 theme Ferric 85:90 arg1 Ions 92:95 Ferric Ions 85:95 Ferric Ions 85:95 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 5 62 theme tensile 955:961 arg1 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 5 62 theme tensile 955:961 arg1 strength 963:970 the tensile strength 951:970 the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 951:1005 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 6 63 theme permeability 1073:1084 arg1 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 63 theme permeability 1073:1084 arg1 values 1092:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values 1057:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1057:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 8 64 theme scavenging 1498:1507 arg1 activity 1509:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 high DPPH radical scavenging activity 1480:1516 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 9 65 theme SC-CS/OTA 1532:1540 arg1 hydrogels 1562:1570 SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels 1532:1570 SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels 1532:1570 Furthermore, SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels were also prepared. 30608151 2 66 theme films 324:328 arg1 preparation 300:310 the preparation 296:310 the preparation of chitosan films 296:328 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 6 67 theme water 1061:1065 arg1 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 lower 1157:1161 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 6 67 theme water 1061:1065 arg1 values 1092:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values 1057:1097 the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) 1057:1151 Moreover, the water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the films with FeIII(0.66 ± 0.03 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa) was lower than that of films without FeIII (1.33 ± 0.01 × 10-10 g/m·h·Pa). 30608151 9 68 theme DC-CS/OTA/FeIII 1546:1560 arg1 hydrogels 1562:1570 SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels 1532:1570 SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels 1532:1570 Furthermore, SC-CS/OTA and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII hydrogels were also prepared. 30608151 4 69 theme composite 842:850 arg1 films 852:856 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 826:856 DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 826:856 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 2 70 theme weak 417:420 arg1 resistance 428:437 weak water resistance 417:437 weak water resistance 417:437 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 0 71 theme Cross-Linked 7:18 arg1 Films 39:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films 0:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions 0:95 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 7 72 theme magnitude 1315:1323 arg1 orders 1305:1310 3-4 orders 1301:1310 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported 1301:1378 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 10 73 theme food 1631:1634 arg1 fields 1682:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 This work can be widely applied in the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields. 30608151 0 74 theme Composite 29:37 arg1 Films 39:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films 0:43 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions 0:95 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 5 75 theme three 1025:1029 arg1 strength 963:970 the tensile strength 951:970 the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 951:1005 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 5 75 theme three 1025:1029 arg1 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 times 1031:1035 Notably, when compared with other chitosan-based films, the tensile strength of DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was approximately three times stronger. 30608151 3 76 theme base 713:716 arg1 reaction 718:725 a Schiff base reaction 704:725 a Schiff base reaction 704:725 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 4 77 theme composite 806:814 arg1 films 816:820 SC-CS/OTA composite films 796:820 SC-CS/OTA composite films 796:820 As a result, the optimal tensile strength of SC-CS/OTA composite films and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films was 35.92 and 209 MPa, respectively. 30608151 3 78 theme water 494:498 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 2 79 from studies 285:291 arg1 preparation 300:310 the preparation 296:310 the preparation of chitosan films 296:328 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30608151 10 80 theme science 1648:1654 arg1 fields 1682:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields 1627:1687 This work can be widely applied in the food, biomedical science, and wastewater treatment fields. 30608151 8 81 theme composite 1395:1403 arg1 films 1405:1409 The SC-CS/OTA composite films 1381:1409 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) 1381:1418 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 8 81 theme composite 1395:1403 arg1 % 1417:1417 96.69% 1412:1417 96.69% 1412:1417 The SC-CS/OTA composite films (96.69%) and DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films (99.06%) also presented high DPPH radical scavenging activity. 30608151 0 82 theme Oxidized 60:67 arg1 Acid 76:79 Oxidized Tannic Acid 60:79 Oxidized Tannic Acid 60:79 Double Cross-Linked Chitosan Composite Films Developed with Oxidized Tannic Acid and Ferric Ions Exhibit High Strength and Excellent Water Resistance. 30608151 7 83 theme composite 1280:1288 arg1 films 1290:1294 the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 1260:1294 the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films 1260:1294 More importantly, WVP values of the DC-CS/OTA/FeIII composite films were 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of chitosan films previously reported. 30608151 3 84 theme tannic 549:554 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 3 85 theme single-cross-linked 511:529 arg1 films 583:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films 494:587 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 1 86 theme versatile 244:252 arg1 strategies 254:263 facile and versatile strategies 233:263 facile and versatile strategies 233:263 There is tremendous scientific interest in developing biodegradable films through facile and versatile strategies. 30608151 3 87 theme high 462:465 arg1 strength 467:474 high strength 462:474 high strength 462:474 In the present study, high strength and significantly water resistance single-cross-linked chitosan-oxidized tannic acid (SC-CS/OTA) composite films and double cross-linked chitosan/oxidized tannic acid/FeIII (DC-CS/OTA/FeIII) composite films were created through a Schiff base reaction and metal coordination. 30608151 2 88 theme low 389:391 arg1 strength 404:411 low mechanical strength 389:411 low mechanical strength 389:411 Although extensive studies on the preparation of chitosan films have been conducted, the reported results commonly present low mechanical strength and weak water resistance. 30265795 2 0 theme high 495:498 arg1 orientation 500:510 a high orientation 493:510 a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89 493:542 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 3 1 theme % 685:685 arg1 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 3 1 theme % 685:685 arg1 strength 630:637 tensile strength 622:637 tensile strength 622:637 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 1 2 theme all-cellulose 159:171 arg1 multifilaments 173:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 3 3 theme cN/dT 671:675 arg1 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 3 3 theme cN/dT 671:675 arg1 strength 630:637 tensile strength 622:637 tensile strength 622:637 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 0 4 theme Nanofibrillated 105:119 arg1 Cellulose 121:129 Nanofibrillated Cellulose 105:129 Nanofibrillated Cellulose 105:129 Super Strong All-Cellulose Composite Filaments by Combination of Inducing Nanofiber Formation and Adding Nanofibrillated Cellulose. 30265795 6 5 theme energy-efficient 1238:1253 arg1 route 1273:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 2 6 contain containing 457:466 arg1 filaments 442:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments 414:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC 414:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 2 6 contain containing 457:466 arg2 NFC 480:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 2 6 contain containing 457:466 arg1 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 4 7 from structure 917:925 arg1 filaments 956:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 8 theme flawless 908:915 arg1 structure 917:925 a flawless structure 906:925 a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments 906:964 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 1 9 theme mean 390:393 arg1 diameter 395:402 mean diameter 390:402 mean diameter of 20 nm 390:411 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 5 10 from spinning 1102:1109 arg1 industry 1114:1121 industry 1114:1121 industry 1114:1121 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 5 11 theme NFC 1063:1065 arg1 NFC 1063:1065 NFC 1063:1065 NFC 1063:1065 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 5 11 theme NFC 1063:1065 arg1 amount 1053:1058 small amount 1047:1058 small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry 1047:1121 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 6 12 theme simple 1230:1235 arg1 route 1273:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 2 13 theme all-cellulose 418:430 arg1 filaments 442:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments 414:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC 414:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 2 13 theme all-cellulose 418:430 arg1 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 1 14 with introduction 322:333 arg1 diameter 395:402 mean diameter 390:402 mean diameter of 20 nm 390:411 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 3 15 theme obtained 717:724 arg1 CF 726:727 the obtained CF 713:727 the obtained CF 713:727 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 4 16 theme nanofibril-induced 807:824 arg1 crystallization 826:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 16 theme nanofibril-induced 807:824 arg1 mechanism 770:778 The strengthened mechanism 753:778 The strengthened mechanism of CF 753:784 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 0 17 theme Composite 27:35 arg1 Filaments 37:45 All-Cellulose Composite Filaments 13:45 All-Cellulose Composite Filaments 13:45 Super Strong All-Cellulose Composite Filaments by Combination of Inducing Nanofiber Formation and Adding Nanofibrillated Cellulose. 30265795 6 18 theme high 1171:1174 arg1 multifilaments 1210:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 6 19 theme cellulose 1200:1208 arg1 multifilaments 1210:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 0 20 theme All-Cellulose 13:25 arg1 Filaments 37:45 All-Cellulose Composite Filaments 13:45 All-Cellulose Composite Filaments 13:45 Super Strong All-Cellulose Composite Filaments by Combination of Inducing Nanofiber Formation and Adding Nanofibrillated Cellulose. 30265795 1 21 theme nm 410:411 arg1 diameter 395:402 mean diameter 390:402 mean diameter of 20 nm 390:411 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 4 22 theme cellulose 946:954 arg1 filaments 956:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 6 23 theme performance 1176:1186 arg1 multifilaments 1210:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 4 24 theme CF 783:784 arg1 orientation 846:856 orientation 846:856 orientation 846:856 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 24 theme CF 783:784 arg1 crystallization 826:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 24 theme CF 783:784 arg1 mechanism 770:778 The strengthened mechanism 753:778 The strengthened mechanism of CF 753:784 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 1 25 theme LiOH/urea 230:238 arg1 system 240:245 LiOH/urea system 230:245 LiOH/urea system 230:245 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 5 26 theme fiber 1096:1100 arg1 spinning 1102:1109 fiber spinning 1096:1109 fiber spinning on industry 1096:1121 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 3 27 theme tensile 622:628 arg1 strength 630:637 tensile strength 622:637 tensile strength 622:637 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 6 28 theme regenerated 1188:1198 arg1 multifilaments 1210:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1171:1223 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 2 29 theme composite 432:440 arg1 filaments 442:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments 414:450 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC 414:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 2 29 theme composite 432:440 arg1 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 CF 453:454 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 2 30 theme % 478:478 arg1 NFC 480:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 1 31 theme TEMPO-oxidized 338:351 arg1 NFC 380:382 NFC 380:382 NFC 380:382 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 1 31 theme TEMPO-oxidized 338:351 arg1 cellulose 369:377 TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose 338:377 TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) 338:383 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 4 32 theme regenerated 934:944 arg1 filaments 956:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 the regenerated cellulose filaments 930:964 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 5 33 theme spinning 993:1000 arg1 dope 1002:1005 spinning dope 993:1005 spinning dope 993:1005 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 6 34 theme multifilaments 1210:1223 arg1 preparation 1156:1166 the preparation 1152:1166 the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments 1152:1223 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 2 35 theme wt 475:476 arg1 NFC 480:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 only 3 wt % NFC 468:482 The all-cellulose composite filaments (CF) containing only 3 wt % NFC exhibits a high orientation that Herman's parameter is 0.89. 30265795 1 36 theme nanofibrillated 353:367 arg1 NFC 380:382 NFC 380:382 NFC 380:382 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 1 36 theme nanofibrillated 353:367 arg1 cellulose 369:377 TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose 338:377 TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) 338:383 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 3 37 with CF 611:612 arg1 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 3 37 with CF 611:612 arg1 strength 630:637 tensile strength 622:637 tensile strength 622:637 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 5 38 theme dope 1002:1005 arg1 stability 980:988 the stability 976:988 the stability of spinning dope 976:1005 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 5 39 theme small 1047:1051 arg1 NFC 1063:1065 NFC 1063:1065 NFC 1063:1065 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 5 39 theme small 1047:1051 arg1 amount 1053:1058 small amount 1047:1058 small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry 1047:1121 Of note, the stability of spinning dope was also effectively improved by adding small amount of NFC, which is very important for fiber spinning on industry. 30265795 1 40 theme cellulose 369:377 arg1 introduction 322:333 the introduction 318:333 the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm 318:411 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 6 41 theme eco-friendly 1260:1271 arg1 route 1273:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route 1228:1277 This finding contributes to the preparation of high performance regenerated cellulose multifilaments by a simple, energy-efficient, and eco-friendly route. 30265795 3 42 dep strength 630:637 arg1 a 620:620 a 620:620 a 620:620 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 0 43 theme Nanofiber 74:82 arg1 Formation 84:92 Nanofiber Formation 74:92 Nanofiber Formation 74:92 Super Strong All-Cellulose Composite Filaments by Combination of Inducing Nanofiber Formation and Adding Nanofibrillated Cellulose. 30265795 1 44 theme super 146:150 arg1 multifilaments 173:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 1 45 theme nanofiber 259:267 arg1 formation 269:277 nanofiber formation 259:277 nanofiber formation 259:277 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30265795 3 46 from break 657:661 arg1 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 elongation 643:652 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 3 46 from break 657:661 arg1 strength 630:637 tensile strength 622:637 tensile strength 622:637 Importantly, the NFC can simultaneously reinforce and toughen the CF, with a tensile strength and elongation at break of 3.92 cN/dT and 14.6%, respectively, which make the obtained CF to become super strong. 30265795 4 47 theme strengthened 757:768 arg1 orientation 846:856 orientation 846:856 orientation 846:856 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 47 theme strengthened 757:768 arg1 crystallization 826:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 the nanofibril-induced crystallization 803:840 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 4 47 theme strengthened 757:768 arg1 mechanism 770:778 The strengthened mechanism 753:778 The strengthened mechanism of CF 753:784 The strengthened mechanism of CF is considered as the nanofibril-induced crystallization and orientation, which makes up for the deficits and constructs a flawless structure in the regenerated cellulose filaments. 30265795 1 48 theme strong 152:157 arg1 multifilaments 173:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 super strong all-cellulose multifilaments 146:186 In this work, super strong all-cellulose multifilaments were obtained from cellulose dissolved in LiOH/urea system by inducing nanofiber formation, and were simultaneously reinforced by the introduction of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) with mean diameter of 20 nm. 30913735 5 0 dep coli 836:839 arg1 coli 845:848 E. coli 842:848 E. coli 842:848 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 0 1 theme L929 158:161 arg1 Cells 174:178 L929 Fibroblast Cells 158:178 L929 Fibroblast Cells 158:178 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 6 2 dep nanoparticles 901:913 arg1 both 915:918 both 915:918 both 915:918 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 10 3 theme green 1514:1518 arg1 process 1532:1538 green fabrication process 1514:1538 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 3 4 with spherical 501:509 arg1 size 525:528 size 525:528 size ranging from 25 nm 525:547 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 6 5 theme ZnO 897:899 arg1 good 939:942 good 939:942 good 939:942 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 6 5 theme ZnO 897:899 arg1 nanoparticles 901:913 the ZnO nanoparticles 893:913 the ZnO nanoparticles 893:913 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 13 6 theme CS/PVA/MC3 1922:1931 arg1 films 1933:1937 CS/PVA/MC3 films 1922:1937 CS/PVA/MC3 films 1922:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 6 7 theme adding 886:891 arg1 good 939:942 good 939:942 good 939:942 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 6 7 theme adding 886:891 arg1 nanoparticles 901:913 the ZnO nanoparticles 893:913 the ZnO nanoparticles 893:913 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 4 8 theme ZnO 569:571 arg1 nanoparticles 573:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 5 9 theme disk 858:861 arg1 method 873:878 disk diffusion method 858:878 disk diffusion method 858:878 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 8 10 theme AFM 1171:1173 arg1 thickness 1175:1183 The AFM thickness 1167:1183 The AFM thickness 1167:1183 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 8 10 theme AFM 1171:1173 arg1 nm 1267:1268 10-20 nm 1261:1268 10-20 nm 1261:1268 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 10 11 theme excellent 1384:1392 arg1 viability 1399:1407 The excellent cell viability 1380:1407 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds 1380:1434 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 4 12 theme In 624:625 arg1 applications 633:644 antibacterial and In Vitro applications 606:644 antibacterial and In Vitro applications 606:644 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 7 13 dep nm 1130:1131 arg1 25 1127:1128 25 1127:1128 25 1127:1128 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 5 14 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2 707:721 arg1 samples 759:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 1 15 theme low 206:208 arg1 cost 210:213 low cost 206:213 low cost 206:213 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 1 15 theme low 206:208 arg1 synthesis 222:230 green synthesis 216:230 green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 216:264 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 8 16 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO 1192:1205 arg1 scaffold 1207:1214 the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold 1188:1214 the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was 1188:1218 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 4 17 used used 597:600 arg2 nanoparticles 573:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 7 18 dep diameter 1108:1115 arg1 nm 1130:1131 nm 1130:1131 nm 1130:1131 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 5 19 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1 690:704 arg1 samples 759:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 7 20 theme ZnO 991:993 arg1 micrographs 995:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs 974:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs 974:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 8 21 theme roughness-like 1276:1289 arg1 structure 1291:1299 a roughness-like structure 1274:1299 a roughness-like structure 1274:1299 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 13 22 theme zinc 1884:1887 arg1 oxide 1889:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 22 theme zinc 1884:1887 arg1 process 1858:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 22 theme zinc 1884:1887 arg1 fibers 1912:1917 fibers 1912:1917 fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films 1912:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 10 23 theme scaffolds 1426:1434 arg1 viability 1399:1407 The excellent cell viability 1380:1407 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds 1380:1434 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 0 24 theme Fibroblast 163:172 arg1 Cells 174:178 L929 Fibroblast Cells 158:178 L929 Fibroblast Cells 158:178 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 13 25 theme pressure 1834:1841 arg1 oxide 1889:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 25 theme pressure 1834:1841 arg1 process 1858:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 25 theme pressure 1834:1841 arg1 fibers 1912:1917 fibers 1912:1917 fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films 1912:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 0 26 theme Chitosan/Poly 76:88 arg1 Synthesis 14:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 0 26 theme Chitosan/Poly 76:88 arg1 Cytocompatibility 55:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 0 26 theme Chitosan/Poly 76:88 arg1 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 7 27 with spherical 1015:1023 arg1 shape 1038:1042 uniform shape 1030:1042 uniform shape 1030:1042 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 7 27 with spherical 1015:1023 arg1 crystallinity 1053:1065 good crystallinity 1048:1065 good crystallinity 1048:1065 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 0 28 theme vinyl 90:94 arg1 alcohol 96:102 vinyl alcohol 90:102 vinyl alcohol 90:102 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 12 29 theme positive 1635:1642 arg1 points 1644:1649 these positive points 1629:1649 these positive points 1629:1649 Since these positive points, these two kinds of scaffolds show appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency to form group from L929 cells. 30913735 13 30 theme zinc 1815:1818 arg1 oxide 1820:1824 zinc oxide 1815:1824 zinc oxide 1815:1824 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 2 31 dep spectroscopy 417:428 arg1 ATR-FTIR 431:438 ATR-FTIR 431:438 ATR-FTIR 431:438 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 0 32 theme Salt 0:3 arg1 Synthesis 14:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 1 33 theme nanoparticles 252:264 arg1 cost 210:213 low cost 206:213 low cost 206:213 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 1 33 theme nanoparticles 252:264 arg1 synthesis 222:230 green synthesis 216:230 green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 216:264 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 0 34 dep Chitosan/Poly 76:88 arg1 Scaffolds 142:150 Scaffolds 142:150 Scaffolds 142:150 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 3 35 theme synthesized 446:456 arg1 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 35 theme synthesized 446:456 arg1 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 35 theme synthesized 446:456 arg1 nanoparticles 462:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 2 36 dep Fourier 390:396 arg1 transform 398:406 transform 398:406 transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 398:439 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 0 37 dep In 46:47 arg1 Vitro 49:53 Vitro 49:53 Vitro 49:53 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 7 38 theme average 1137:1143 arg1 size 1150:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 7 38 theme average 1137:1143 arg1 nm 1163:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 2 39 theme electron 335:342 arg1 microscopy 344:353 transmission electron microscopy 322:353 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 322:359 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 2 39 theme electron 335:342 arg1 TEM 356:358 TEM 356:358 TEM 356:358 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 1 40 theme green 216:220 arg1 cost 210:213 low cost 206:213 low cost 206:213 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 1 40 theme green 216:220 arg1 synthesis 222:230 green synthesis 216:230 green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 216:264 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 12 41 from cells 1777:1781 arg1 group 1761:1765 group 1761:1765 group from L929 cells 1761:1781 Since these positive points, these two kinds of scaffolds show appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency to form group from L929 cells. 30913735 2 42 theme X-ray 362:366 arg1 XRD 381:383 XRD 381:383 XRD 381:383 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 2 42 theme X-ray 362:366 arg1 diffraction 368:378 X-ray diffraction 362:378 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 362:384 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 12 43 theme L929 1772:1775 arg1 cells 1777:1781 L929 cells 1772:1781 L929 cells 1772:1781 Since these positive points, these two kinds of scaffolds show appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency to form group from L929 cells. 30913735 10 44 theme fabrication 1520:1530 arg1 process 1532:1538 green fabrication process 1514:1538 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 1 45 theme oxide 240:244 arg1 nanoparticles 252:264 Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 235:264 Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 235:264 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 4 46 theme biosynthesized 554:567 arg1 nanoparticles 573:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles 550:585 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 11 47 theme MTT 1558:1560 arg1 analysis 1562:1569 MTT analysis 1558:1569 MTT analysis 1558:1569 MTT analysis exposed that the samples did not have any toxicity. 30913735 5 48 theme antibacterial 651:663 arg1 activity 665:672 The antibacterial activity 647:672 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 647:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 3 49 from spherical 501:509 arg1 shape 514:518 shape 514:518 shape 514:518 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 2 50 theme biosynthesized 271:284 arg1 nanoparticles 286:298 The biosynthesized nanoparticles 267:298 The biosynthesized nanoparticles 267:298 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 10 51 theme scaffolds 1547:1555 arg1 process 1532:1538 green fabrication process 1514:1538 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 10 51 theme scaffolds 1547:1555 arg1 biocompatibility 1463:1478 the good biocompatibility 1454:1478 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 3 52 from shape 514:518 arg1 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 52 from shape 514:518 arg1 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 52 from shape 514:518 arg1 nanoparticles 462:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 1 53 theme present 185:191 arg1 work 193:196 The present work 181:196 The present work 181:196 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 0 54 theme In 46:47 arg1 Cytocompatibility 55:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 10 55 theme cell 1394:1397 arg1 viability 1399:1407 The excellent cell viability 1380:1407 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds 1380:1434 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 5 56 theme diffusion 863:871 arg1 method 873:878 disk diffusion method 858:878 disk diffusion method 858:878 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 11 57 contain have 1604:1607 arg2 toxicity 1613:1620 any toxicity 1609:1620 any toxicity 1609:1620 MTT analysis exposed that the samples did not have any toxicity. 30913735 11 57 contain have 1604:1607 arg1 samples 1588:1594 the samples 1584:1594 the samples 1584:1594 MTT analysis exposed that the samples did not have any toxicity. 30913735 5 58 dep aureus 801:806 arg1 aureus 812:817 S. aureus 809:817 S. aureus 809:817 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 8 59 theme AFM 1240:1242 arg1 image 1244:1248 the AFM image 1236:1248 the AFM image 1236:1248 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 7 60 dep nanoparticles 1087:1099 arg1 size 1150:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 7 60 dep nanoparticles 1087:1099 arg1 nm 1163:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 6 61 theme inhibition 944:953 arg1 zone 955:958 inhibition zone 944:958 inhibition zone 944:958 When adding the ZnO nanoparticles both bacteria were very good inhibition zone was obtained. 30913735 7 62 theme good 1048:1051 arg1 crystallinity 1053:1065 good crystallinity 1048:1065 good crystallinity 1048:1065 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 7 63 theme uniform 1030:1036 arg1 shape 1038:1042 uniform shape 1030:1042 uniform shape 1030:1042 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 8 64 theme scaffold 1207:1214 arg1 thickness 1175:1183 The AFM thickness 1167:1183 The AFM thickness 1167:1183 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 8 64 theme scaffold 1207:1214 arg1 nm 1267:1268 10-20 nm 1261:1268 10-20 nm 1261:1268 The AFM thickness of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO scaffold was, estimated from the AFM image, was about 10-20 nm and a roughness-like structure was observed. 30913735 5 65 theme prepared 681:688 arg1 samples 759:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 12 66 theme scaffolds 1671:1679 arg1 kinds 1662:1666 these two kinds 1652:1666 these two kinds of scaffolds 1652:1679 Since these positive points, these two kinds of scaffolds show appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency to form group from L929 cells. 30913735 13 67 theme resultant 1874:1882 arg1 oxide 1889:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 67 theme resultant 1874:1882 arg1 process 1858:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 67 theme resultant 1874:1882 arg1 fibers 1912:1917 fibers 1912:1917 fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films 1912:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 12 68 theme appropriate 1686:1696 arg1 properties 1698:1707 appropriate properties 1686:1707 appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency 1686:1751 Since these positive points, these two kinds of scaffolds show appropriate properties for attachment, proliferation, and tendency to form group from L929 cells. 30913735 13 69 theme high 1829:1832 arg1 oxide 1889:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 69 theme high 1829:1832 arg1 process 1858:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 69 theme high 1829:1832 arg1 fibers 1912:1917 fibers 1912:1917 fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films 1912:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 5 70 theme nanocomposites 744:757 arg1 samples 759:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 7 71 theme transmission 978:989 arg1 micrographs 995:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs 974:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs 974:1005 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 13 72 from fibers 1912:1917 arg1 films 1933:1937 CS/PVA/MC3 films 1922:1937 CS/PVA/MC3 films 1922:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 10 73 theme composite 1416:1424 arg1 scaffolds 1426:1434 the composite scaffolds 1412:1434 the composite scaffolds 1412:1434 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 13 74 theme homogenization 1843:1856 arg1 oxide 1889:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 the resultant zinc oxide 1870:1893 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 74 theme homogenization 1843:1856 arg1 process 1858:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 high pressure homogenization process 1829:1864 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 13 74 theme homogenization 1843:1856 arg1 fibers 1912:1917 fibers 1912:1917 fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films 1912:1937 In this work, we have prepared zinc oxide by high pressure homogenization process and the resultant zinc oxide was evaluated as fibers in CS/PVA/MC3 films. 30913735 5 75 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 728:742 arg1 samples 759:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 677:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 0 76 dep /Methylcellulose 104:119 arg1 alcohol 96:102 vinyl alcohol 90:102 vinyl alcohol 90:102 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 5 77 theme samples 759:765 arg1 activity 665:672 The antibacterial activity 647:672 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples 647:765 The antibacterial activity of the prepared CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO1, CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO2, and CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 nanocomposites samples was tested against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) due to disk diffusion method. 30913735 3 78 dep pure 481:484 arg1 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 78 dep pure 481:484 arg1 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 78 dep pure 481:484 arg1 nanoparticles 462:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 0 79 theme Leaching 5:12 arg1 Synthesis 14:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 3 80 theme ZnO 458:460 arg1 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 pure 481:484 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 80 theme ZnO 458:460 arg1 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 spherical 501:509 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 3 80 theme ZnO 458:460 arg1 nanoparticles 462:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles 442:474 The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical in shape with size ranging from 25 nm. 30913735 7 81 theme cube 1145:1148 arg1 size 1150:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 the average cube size 1133:1153 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 7 81 theme cube 1145:1148 arg1 nm 1163:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 100 nm 1159:1164 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 9 82 theme FE-SEM 1319:1324 arg1 film 1326:1329 The FE-SEM film 1315:1329 The FE-SEM film 1315:1329 The FE-SEM film exhibits a scaffold exhibited porous structures. 30913735 10 83 theme good 1458:1461 arg1 biocompatibility 1463:1478 the good biocompatibility 1454:1478 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 4 84 dep In 624:625 arg1 Vitro 627:631 Vitro 627:631 Vitro 627:631 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 7 85 with nanoparticles 1087:1099 arg1 diameter 1108:1115 a diameter 1106:1115 a diameter less than 25 nm 1106:1131 The transmission ZnO micrographs depicts spherical with uniform shape and good crystallinity and are composed of nanoparticles with a diameter less than 25 nm the average cube size was 100 nm. 30913735 0 86 theme Nanocomposites 127:140 arg1 Synthesis 14:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis 0:22 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 0 86 theme Nanocomposites 127:140 arg1 Cytocompatibility 55:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 In Vitro Cytocompatibility 46:71 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 0 86 theme Nanocomposites 127:140 arg1 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 Characterization 25:40 Salt Leaching Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Cytocompatibility of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Methylcellulose - ZnO Nanocomposites Scaffolds Using L929 Fibroblast Cells. 30913735 2 87 dep transform 398:406 arg1 infrared 408:415 infrared 408:415 transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 398:439 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 10 88 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 1487:1501 arg1 process 1532:1538 green fabrication process 1514:1538 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 10 88 theme CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 1487:1501 arg1 biocompatibility 1463:1478 the good biocompatibility 1454:1478 the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds 1454:1555 The excellent cell viability of the composite scaffolds was attributed to the good biocompatibility of the CS/PVA/MC3-ZnO3 as well as green fabrication process of the scaffolds. 30913735 2 89 theme transmission 322:333 arg1 microscopy 344:353 transmission electron microscopy 322:353 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 322:359 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 2 89 theme transmission 322:333 arg1 TEM 356:358 TEM 356:358 TEM 356:358 The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). 30913735 9 90 theme porous 1361:1366 arg1 structures 1368:1377 porous structures 1361:1377 porous structures 1361:1377 The FE-SEM film exhibits a scaffold exhibited porous structures. 30913735 4 91 theme antibacterial 606:618 arg1 applications 633:644 antibacterial and In Vitro applications 606:644 antibacterial and In Vitro applications 606:644 The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been used for antibacterial and In Vitro applications. 30913735 1 92 theme Zinc 235:238 arg1 ZnO 247:249 ZnO 247:249 ZnO 247:249 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 30913735 1 92 theme Zinc 235:238 arg1 oxide 240:244 Zinc oxide 235:244 Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles 235:264 The present work reports low cost, green synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. 29522823 0 0 theme pasting 68:74 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 6 1 dep exhibited 889:897 arg1 influenced 967:976 influenced 967:976 could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions 958:1014 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 4 2 theme average 790:796 arg1 size 798:801 an average size 787:801 an average size between 4 and 12μm 787:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 3 3 theme Electron 462:469 arg1 Microscopy 471:480 Scanning Electron Microscopy 453:480 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images 453:493 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 3 3 theme Electron 462:469 arg1 SEM 483:485 SEM 483:485 SEM 483:485 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 4 4 with granules 773:780 arg1 size 798:801 an average size 787:801 an average size between 4 and 12μm 787:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 1 5 theme chemical 216:223 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 1 6 from Colombia 369:376 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 1 6 from Colombia 369:376 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 0 7 theme flours 155:160 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 3 8 theme Microscopy 471:480 arg1 images 488:493 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images 453:493 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images 453:493 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 3 9 theme circular 595:602 arg1 cross-section 604:616 the circular cross-section 591:616 the circular cross-section 591:616 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 1 10 theme isolated 310:317 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 1 11 theme structural 226:235 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 6 12 theme Arracacha 870:878 arg1 starches 880:887 Arracacha starches 870:887 Arracacha starches 870:887 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 1 13 theme white 319:323 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 6 14 theme high 985:988 arg1 content 990:996 the high content 981:996 the high content of potassium ions 981:1014 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 7 15 theme Differential 1284:1295 arg1 DSC 1319:1321 DSC 1319:1321 DSC 1319:1321 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 7 15 theme Differential 1284:1295 arg1 calorimetry 1306:1316 Differential Scanning calorimetry 1284:1316 the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result 1280:1329 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 2 16 dep plasma 396:401 arg1 couple 389:394 couple 389:394 couple 389:394 Inductive couple plasma showed that these starches are rich in potassium. 29522823 7 17 theme Scanning 1297:1304 arg1 DSC 1319:1321 DSC 1319:1321 DSC 1319:1321 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 7 17 theme Scanning 1297:1304 arg1 calorimetry 1306:1316 Differential Scanning calorimetry 1284:1316 the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result 1280:1329 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 4 18 theme ovoids 706:711 arg1 one 693:695 one 693:695 one 693:695 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 4 18 theme ovoids 706:711 arg1 ovoids 706:711 these ovoids 700:711 these ovoids 700:711 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 0 19 theme white 96:100 arg1 starches 142:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 20 theme yellow 326:331 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 4 21 theme isolated 757:764 arg1 granules 773:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules 726:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm 726:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 6 22 theme Der 1038:1040 arg1 interaction 1048:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction 1024:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy 1024:1103 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 3 23 contain has 618:620 arg2 axis 662:665 mayor axis 656:665 mayor axis between 20 and 30μm 656:685 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 3 23 contain has 618:620 arg1 cross-section 604:616 the circular cross-section 591:616 the circular cross-section 591:616 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 3 23 contain has 618:620 arg2 diameter 624:631 a diameter 622:631 a diameter between 9 and 15μm 622:650 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 7 24 theme lamellae 1270:1277 arg1 existence 1239:1247 the existence 1235:1247 the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae 1235:1277 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 7 25 theme gelatinization 1358:1371 arg1 temperature 1373:1383 a low gelatinization temperature 1352:1383 a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C 1352:1397 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 6 26 theme Van 1034:1036 arg1 interaction 1048:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction 1024:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy 1024:1103 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 0 27 theme Morphological 0:12 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 28 theme morphological 238:250 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 4 29 theme starch 766:771 arg1 granules 773:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules 726:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm 726:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 1 30 from characterization 290:305 arg1 Colombia 369:376 Colombia 369:376 Colombia 369:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 4 31 theme irregular 726:734 arg1 granules 773:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules 726:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm 726:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 7 32 theme nano-crystals 1252:1264 arg1 existence 1239:1247 the existence 1235:1247 the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae 1235:1277 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 2 33 theme Inductive 379:387 arg1 plasma 396:401 Inductive couple plasma 379:401 Inductive couple plasma 379:401 Inductive couple plasma showed that these starches are rich in potassium. 29522823 0 34 theme structural 15:24 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 35 theme thermal 253:259 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 0 36 theme yellow 103:108 arg1 starches 142:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 2 37 from potassium 442:450 arg1 rich 434:437 rich 434:437 rich 434:437 Inductive couple plasma showed that these starches are rich in potassium. 29522823 3 38 theme starch 509:514 arg1 granules 516:523 the starch granules 505:523 the starch granules 505:523 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 6 39 theme C-H~K 1028:1032 arg1 interaction 1048:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction 1024:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy 1024:1103 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 5 40 theme amylose 827:833 arg1 content 835:841 The amylose content 823:841 The amylose content 823:841 The amylose content ranged between 31 and 36%. 29522823 0 41 theme purple 115:120 arg1 starches 142:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 42 theme purple 338:343 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 3 43 theme ovoid 539:543 arg1 microparticles 575:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 0 44 theme thermal 27:33 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 6 45 theme viscosity 904:912 arg1 values 914:919 high viscosity values 899:919 high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP) 899:949 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 1 46 theme Arracacha 345:353 arg1 starches 355:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches 310:362 isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 310:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 4 47 theme wedge-shaped 736:747 arg1 granules 773:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules 726:780 irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm 726:820 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 1 48 theme vibrational 265:275 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 0 49 theme Lego-like 132:140 arg1 starches 142:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 50 theme starches 355:362 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 2 51 from rich 434:437 arg1 potassium 442:450 potassium 442:450 potassium 442:450 Inductive couple plasma showed that these starches are rich in potassium. 29522823 0 52 theme compositional 36:48 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 0 53 theme Arracacha 122:130 arg1 starches 142:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches 96:149 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 7 54 theme 60°C 1394:1397 arg1 temperature 1373:1383 a low gelatinization temperature 1352:1383 a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C 1352:1397 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 6 55 theme IR 1089:1090 arg1 spectroscopy 1092:1103 IR spectroscopy 1089:1103 IR spectroscopy 1089:1103 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 3 56 theme Scanning 453:460 arg1 Microscopy 471:480 Scanning Electron Microscopy 453:480 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images 453:493 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 3 56 theme Scanning 453:460 arg1 SEM 483:485 SEM 483:485 SEM 483:485 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 7 57 theme low 1354:1356 arg1 temperature 1373:1383 a low gelatinization temperature 1352:1383 a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C 1352:1397 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 3 58 theme starch 568:573 arg1 microparticles 575:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 7 59 theme calorimetry 1306:1316 arg1 result 1324:1329 the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result 1280:1329 the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result 1280:1329 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 6 60 theme ions 1011:1014 arg1 content 990:996 the high content 981:996 the high content of potassium ions 981:1014 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 6 61 theme high 899:902 arg1 values 914:919 high viscosity values 899:919 high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP) 899:949 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 0 62 theme starches 142:149 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 7 63 theme starch 1155:1160 arg1 patterns 1162:1169 the starch patterns 1151:1169 the starch patterns exhibited broad 1151:1185 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 6 64 theme potassium 1001:1009 arg1 ions 1011:1014 potassium ions 1001:1014 potassium ions 1001:1014 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 3 65 theme filled 551:556 arg1 microparticles 575:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 4 66 dep 10 754:755 arg1 to 751:752 to 751:752 to 751:752 Each one of these ovoids is formed by irregular wedge-shaped 6 to 10 isolated starch granules with an average size between 4 and 12μm. 29522823 7 67 theme X-ray 1123:1127 arg1 analysis 1141:1148 the X-ray diffraction analysis 1119:1148 the X-ray diffraction analysis 1119:1148 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 6 68 theme Waals 1042:1046 arg1 interaction 1048:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction 1024:1058 the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy 1024:1103 Arracacha starches exhibited high viscosity values (between 20.000 and 28.000cP), which could be influenced by the high content of potassium ions, due to the C-H~K Van Der Waals interaction that was identified by using IR spectroscopy. 29522823 0 69 theme vibrational 51:61 arg1 characterization 76:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization 0:91 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 0:186 Morphological, structural, thermal, compositional, vibrational, and pasting characterization of white, yellow, and purple Arracacha Lego-like starches and flours (Arracacia xanthorrhiza). 29522823 1 70 theme pasting 282:288 arg1 characterization 290:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization 212:305 the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia 212:376 This work is focused on the chemical, structural, morphological, thermal, IR vibrational, and pasting characterization of isolated white, yellow, and purple Arracacha starches from Colombia. 29522823 3 71 theme Lego-like 558:566 arg1 microparticles 575:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles 539:588 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 29522823 7 72 theme diffraction 1129:1139 arg1 analysis 1141:1148 the X-ray diffraction analysis 1119:1148 the X-ray diffraction analysis 1119:1148 According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, the starch patterns exhibited broad diffracted peaks which could be associated with the existence of nano-crystals and lamellae; the Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC) result showed starches with a low gelatinization temperature of about 60°C. 29522823 3 73 theme mayor 656:660 arg1 axis 662:665 mayor axis 656:665 mayor axis between 20 and 30μm 656:685 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the starch granules are formed by ovoid fully filled Lego-like starch microparticles, the circular cross-section has a diameter between 9 and 15μm and mayor axis between 20 and 30μm. 31863990 5 0 theme community 1064:1072 arg1 structures 1074:1083 community structures 1064:1083 community structures 1064:1083 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 4 1 theme quantitative 815:826 arg1 PCR 828:830 quantitative PCR 815:830 quantitative PCR 815:830 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 0 2 theme microbial 182:190 arg1 insights 192:199 microbial insights 182:199 microbial insights 182:199 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 10 3 theme technology 1724:1733 arg1 application 1705:1715 practical application 1695:1715 practical application of AGS technology 1695:1733 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31863990 1 4 theme only 257:260 arg1 flocs 262:266 only flocs 257:266 only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) 257:307 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 2 5 theme microbial 572:580 arg1 level 592:596 microbial community level 572:596 microbial community level 572:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 7 6 theme self-adaptive 1384:1396 arg1 variable 1398:1405 self-adaptive variable 1384:1405 self-adaptive variable 1384:1405 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 4 7 theme Illumina 785:792 arg1 sequencing 800:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing 785:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing 785:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 6 8 theme % 1200:1200 arg1 contribution 1202:1213 32.04% contribution 1195:1213 32.04% contribution 1195:1213 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 4 9 theme MiSeq 794:798 arg1 sequencing 800:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing 785:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing 785:809 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 1 10 theme AGS 341:343 arg1 flocs 262:266 only flocs 257:266 only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) 257:307 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 10 theme AGS 341:343 arg1 mixture 312:318 mixture 312:318 mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process) 312:386 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 11 theme Aerobic 202:208 arg1 AGS 227:229 AGS 227:229 AGS 227:229 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 11 theme Aerobic 202:208 arg1 sludge 219:224 Aerobic granular sludge 202:224 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) 202:230 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 8 12 theme EG 1409:1410 arg1 process 1412:1418 EG process 1409:1418 EG process 1409:1418 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 7 13 theme environmental 1332:1344 arg1 variables 1346:1354 environmental variables 1332:1354 environmental variables 1332:1354 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 3 14 theme batch 714:718 arg1 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 14 theme batch 714:718 arg1 reactor 720:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor 689:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources 689:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 0 15 theme normal 130:135 arg1 process 149:155 normal granulation process 130:155 normal granulation process 130:155 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 10 16 theme effective 1776:1784 arg1 way 1786:1788 an effective way 1773:1788 an effective way to cultivate AGS 1773:1805 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31863990 2 17 from level 592:596 arg1 processes 559:567 NG and EG processes 549:567 NG and EG processes at microbial community level 549:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 3 18 theme pilot-scale 691:701 arg1 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 18 theme pilot-scale 691:701 arg1 reactor 720:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor 689:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources 689:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 1 19 theme granulation 362:372 arg1 process 379:385 enhanced granulation (EG) process 353:385 enhanced granulation (EG) process 353:385 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 8 20 theme relative 1431:1438 arg1 abundances 1440:1449 higher relative abundances 1424:1449 higher relative abundances of functional bacteria 1424:1472 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 3 21 theme carbon 769:774 arg1 sources 776:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 4 22 theme EG 912:913 arg1 processes 915:923 NG and EG processes 905:923 NG and EG processes 905:923 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 6 23 theme NG 1153:1154 arg1 process 1156:1162 NG process 1153:1162 NG process 1153:1162 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 9 24 theme Glycogen 1491:1498 arg1 bacteria 1538:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria 1491:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1491:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 8 25 theme bacteria 1465:1472 arg1 abundances 1440:1449 higher relative abundances 1424:1449 higher relative abundances of functional bacteria 1424:1472 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 0 26 theme granular 62:69 arg1 cultivation 78:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 9 27 theme organisms 1513:1521 arg1 bacteria 1538:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria 1491:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1491:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 4 28 theme communities 886:896 arg1 dynamics 864:871 the dynamics 860:871 the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes 860:923 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 8 29 theme NG 1479:1480 arg1 process 1482:1488 NG process 1479:1488 NG process 1479:1488 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 3 30 theme certain 739:745 arg1 amounts 747:753 certain amounts 739:753 certain amounts of additional carbon sources 739:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 30 theme certain 739:745 arg1 sources 776:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 0 31 theme cultivation 78:88 arg1 process 21:27 granulation process 9:27 granulation process 9:27 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 0 31 theme cultivation 78:88 arg1 way 47:49 a more effective way 30:49 a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: 30:156 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 5 32 theme bacterial 1038:1046 arg1 diversities 1048:1058 bacterial diversities 1038:1058 bacterial diversities 1038:1058 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 9 33 theme GAOs 1524:1527 arg1 bacteria 1538:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria 1491:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1491:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 4 34 theme NG 905:906 arg1 processes 915:923 NG and EG processes 905:923 NG and EG processes 905:923 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 2 35 theme community 582:590 arg1 level 592:596 microbial community level 572:596 microbial community level 572:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 0 36 theme pilot-scale 93:103 arg1 application 105:115 pilot-scale application 93:115 pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process 93:155 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 9 37 theme related 1530:1536 arg1 bacteria 1538:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria 1491:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1491:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 4 38 theme faster 967:972 arg1 process 977:983 faster EG process 967:983 faster EG process 967:983 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 9 39 theme faster 1633:1638 arg1 process 1643:1649 the faster EG process 1629:1649 the faster EG process 1629:1649 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 7 40 theme 73.16 1273:1277 arg1 interactions 1259:1270 the interactions 1255:1270 the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable) 1255:1406 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 7 40 theme 73.16 1273:1277 arg1 contribution 1280:1291 73.16% contribution 1273:1291 73.16% contribution 1273:1291 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 9 41 theme total 1554:1558 arg1 abundance 1569:1577 a total relative abundance 1552:1577 a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1552:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 1 42 theme granulation 283:293 arg1 process 300:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 10 43 theme microbial 1672:1680 arg1 insights 1682:1689 microbial insights 1672:1689 microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology 1672:1733 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31863990 0 44 theme effective 37:45 arg1 process 21:27 granulation process 9:27 granulation process 9:27 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 0 44 theme effective 37:45 arg1 way 47:49 a more effective way 30:49 a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: 30:156 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 1 45 theme NG 296:297 arg1 process 300:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 9 46 theme maximum 1582:1588 arg1 % 1595:1595 maximum 65.43% 1582:1595 maximum 65.43% 1582:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 9 47 theme % 1595:1595 arg1 abundance 1569:1577 a total relative abundance 1552:1577 a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1552:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 8 48 contain had 1420:1422 arg2 abundances 1440:1449 higher relative abundances 1424:1449 higher relative abundances of functional bacteria 1424:1472 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 8 48 contain had 1420:1422 arg1 process 1412:1418 EG process 1409:1418 EG process 1409:1418 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 3 49 theme NG 636:637 arg1 processes 646:654 the NG and EG processes 632:654 the NG and EG processes 632:654 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 1 50 theme pollutants 469:478 arg1 efficiencies 488:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 2 51 theme NG 549:550 arg1 processes 559:567 NG and EG processes 549:567 NG and EG processes at microbial community level 549:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 0 52 theme insights 192:199 arg1 perspective 167:177 the perspective 163:177 the perspective of microbial insights 163:199 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 2 53 theme mechanisms 530:539 arg1 differences 515:525 the differences 511:525 the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level 511:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 2 53 theme mechanisms 530:539 arg1 unknown 608:614 unknown 608:614 unknown 608:614 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 6 54 theme major 1132:1136 arg1 communities 1178:1188 bacterial communities 1168:1188 bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution 1168:1213 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 6 54 theme major 1132:1136 arg1 contributor 1138:1148 The major contributor 1128:1148 The major contributor to NG process 1128:1162 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 10 55 theme AGS 1720:1722 arg1 technology 1724:1733 AGS technology 1720:1733 AGS technology 1720:1733 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31863990 7 56 dep communities 1316:1326 arg1 the 1302:1304 the 1302:1304 the 1302:1304 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 7 56 dep communities 1316:1326 arg1 parameters 1369:1378 operational parameters 1357:1378 operational parameters 1357:1378 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 7 56 dep communities 1316:1326 arg1 variable 1398:1405 self-adaptive variable 1384:1405 self-adaptive variable 1384:1405 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 9 57 theme EG 1640:1641 arg1 process 1643:1649 the faster EG process 1629:1649 the faster EG process 1629:1649 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 3 58 theme EG 643:644 arg1 processes 646:654 the NG and EG processes 632:654 the NG and EG processes 632:654 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 2 59 theme EG 556:557 arg1 processes 559:567 NG and EG processes 549:567 NG and EG processes at microbial community level 549:596 However, the differences of mechanisms between NG and EG processes at microbial community level are still unknown. 31863990 9 60 with bacteria 1538:1545 arg1 abundance 1569:1577 a total relative abundance 1552:1577 a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1552:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 1 61 theme different 409:417 arg1 speed 459:463 granulation speed 447:463 granulation speed 447:463 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 61 theme different 409:417 arg1 performances 426:437 different system performances 409:437 different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies 409:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 61 theme different 409:417 arg1 efficiencies 488:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 10 62 theme crushed 1752:1758 arg1 AGS 1760:1762 crushed AGS 1752:1762 crushed AGS 1752:1762 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31863990 7 63 theme operational 1357:1367 arg1 parameters 1369:1378 operational parameters 1357:1378 operational parameters 1357:1378 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 0 64 theme granulation 137:147 arg1 process 149:155 normal granulation process 130:155 normal granulation process 130:155 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 5 65 theme significant 1010:1020 arg1 distinctions 1022:1033 significant distinctions 1010:1033 significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures 1010:1083 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 1 66 theme granular 210:217 arg1 AGS 227:229 AGS 227:229 AGS 227:229 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 66 theme granular 210:217 arg1 sludge 219:224 Aerobic granular sludge 202:224 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) 202:230 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 8 67 theme higher 1424:1429 arg1 abundances 1440:1449 higher relative abundances 1424:1449 higher relative abundances of functional bacteria 1424:1472 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 1 68 theme enhanced 353:360 arg1 process 379:385 enhanced granulation (EG) process 353:385 enhanced granulation (EG) process 353:385 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 6 69 theme bacterial 1168:1176 arg1 communities 1178:1188 bacterial communities 1168:1188 bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution 1168:1213 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 6 69 theme bacterial 1168:1176 arg1 contributor 1138:1148 The major contributor 1128:1148 The major contributor to NG process 1128:1162 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 3 70 theme sequencing 703:712 arg1 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 SBR 729:731 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 70 theme sequencing 703:712 arg1 reactor 720:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor 689:726 a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources 689:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 6 71 with communities 1178:1188 arg1 contribution 1202:1213 32.04% contribution 1195:1213 32.04% contribution 1195:1213 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 8 72 theme functional 1454:1463 arg1 bacteria 1465:1472 functional bacteria 1454:1472 functional bacteria 1454:1472 EG process had higher relative abundances of functional bacteria than NG process. 31863990 7 73 theme bacterial 1306:1314 arg1 communities 1316:1326 bacterial communities 1306:1326 bacterial communities 1306:1326 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 0 74 theme aerobic 54:60 arg1 cultivation 78:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 3 75 theme sources 776:782 arg1 amounts 747:753 certain amounts 739:753 certain amounts of additional carbon sources 739:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 75 theme sources 776:782 arg1 sources 776:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 0 76 theme sludge 71:76 arg1 cultivation 78:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 aerobic granular sludge cultivation 54:88 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 9 77 theme accumulating 1500:1511 arg1 bacteria 1538:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria 1491:1545 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1491:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 1 78 dep flocs 262:266 arg1 called 269:274 called 269:274 called normal granulation (NG) process 269:306 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 3 79 theme additional 758:767 arg1 sources 776:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 5 80 from distinctions 1022:1033 arg1 diversities 1048:1058 bacterial diversities 1038:1058 bacterial diversities 1038:1058 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 5 80 from distinctions 1022:1033 arg1 structures 1074:1083 community structures 1064:1083 community structures 1064:1083 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 4 81 theme bacterial 876:884 arg1 communities 886:896 bacterial communities 876:896 bacterial communities 876:896 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 0 82 from way 47:49 arg1 application 105:115 pilot-scale application 93:115 pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process 93:155 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 1 83 theme removal 480:486 arg1 efficiencies 488:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 84 theme flocs 323:327 arg1 flocs 262:266 only flocs 257:266 only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) 257:307 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 84 theme flocs 323:327 arg1 mixture 312:318 mixture 312:318 mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process) 312:386 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 3 85 with reactor 720:726 arg1 amounts 747:753 certain amounts 739:753 certain amounts of additional carbon sources 739:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 3 85 with reactor 720:726 arg1 sources 776:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 additional carbon sources 758:782 In this study, the NG and EG processes were implemented successively in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with certain amounts of additional carbon sources. 31863990 7 86 theme % 1278:1278 arg1 interactions 1259:1270 the interactions 1255:1270 the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable) 1255:1406 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 7 86 theme % 1278:1278 arg1 contribution 1280:1291 73.16% contribution 1273:1291 73.16% contribution 1273:1291 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 5 87 dep NG 1107:1108 arg1 processes 1117:1125 processes 1117:1125 processes 1117:1125 The results showed that significant distinctions in bacterial diversities and community structures were observed between NG and EG processes. 31863990 0 88 theme granulation 9:19 arg1 process 21:27 granulation process 9:27 granulation process 9:27 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 0 88 theme granulation 9:19 arg1 way 47:49 a more effective way 30:49 a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: 30:156 Enhanced granulation process, a more effective way of aerobic granular sludge cultivation in pilot-scale application comparing to normal granulation process: From the perspective of microbial insights. 31863990 1 89 theme crushed 333:339 arg1 AGS 341:343 crushed AGS 333:343 crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process) 333:386 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 6 90 theme 32.04 1195:1199 arg1 % 1200:1200 % 1200:1200 % 1200:1200 The major contributor to NG process was bacterial communities with 32.04% contribution. 31863990 4 91 theme EG 974:975 arg1 process 977:983 faster EG process 967:983 faster EG process 967:983 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 1 92 theme normal 276:281 arg1 process 300:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 normal granulation (NG) process 276:306 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 9 93 theme relative 1560:1567 arg1 abundance 1569:1577 a total relative abundance 1552:1577 a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% 1552:1595 Glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) related bacteria with a total relative abundance of maximum 65.43% might be mainly responsible for the faster EG process. 31863990 1 94 theme system 419:424 arg1 speed 459:463 granulation speed 447:463 granulation speed 447:463 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 94 theme system 419:424 arg1 performances 426:437 different system performances 409:437 different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies 409:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 94 theme system 419:424 arg1 efficiencies 488:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 pollutants removal efficiencies 469:499 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 4 95 theme possible 941:948 arg1 explanations 950:961 the possible explanations 937:961 the possible explanations for faster EG process 937:983 Illumina MiSeq sequencing and quantitative PCR were applied to investigate the dynamics of bacterial communities during NG and EG processes and explore the possible explanations for faster EG process. 31863990 7 96 theme EG 1222:1223 arg1 process 1225:1231 EG process 1222:1231 EG process 1222:1231 While EG process was more dependent on the interactions (73.16% contribution) between the bacterial communities and environmental variables (operational parameters and self-adaptive variable). 31863990 1 97 theme granulation 447:457 arg1 speed 459:463 granulation speed 447:463 granulation speed 447:463 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 1 98 dep AGS 341:343 arg1 called 346:351 called 346:351 called enhanced granulation (EG) process 346:385 Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be cultivated from only flocs (called normal granulation (NG) process) or mixture of flocs and crushed AGS (called enhanced granulation (EG) process), which might lead to different system performances such as granulation speed and pollutants removal efficiencies. 31863990 10 99 theme practical 1695:1703 arg1 application 1705:1715 practical application 1695:1715 practical application of AGS technology 1695:1733 This study provided microbial insights for practical application of AGS technology that inoculating crushed AGS might be an effective way to cultivate AGS. 31276140 9 0 theme intestinal 1236:1245 arg1 microbiota 1247:1256 the intestinal microbiota 1232:1256 the intestinal microbiota 1232:1256 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 8 1 theme microbiota 996:1005 arg1 diversity 975:983 the diversity 971:983 the diversity of the gut microbiota 971:1005 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 3 2 theme PAS 400:402 arg1 administration 382:395 The administration 378:395 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice 378:419 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 1 3 theme glucose 151:157 arg1 levels 159:164 elevated blood glucose levels 136:164 elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 136:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 3 4 from administration 382:395 arg1 mice 416:419 diabetic mice 407:419 diabetic mice 407:419 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 8 5 theme gut 992:994 arg1 microbiota 996:1005 the gut microbiota 988:1005 the gut microbiota 988:1005 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 7 6 theme cells 922:926 arg1 reduction 885:893 the reduction 881:893 the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells 881:926 Also, histopathological examination showed that PAS contributed to the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells. 31276140 3 7 gly glycosylated 492:503 arg1 HbA1c 517:521 HbA1c 517:521 HbA1c 517:521 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 3 7 gly glycosylated 492:503 arg1 hemoglobin 505:514 glycosylated hemoglobin 492:514 glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 492:522 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 0 8 from Effect 0:5 arg1 adlay 31:35 adlay 31:35 adlay 31:35 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay seed on anti-diabetic and gut microbiota. 31276140 2 9 from hyperglycemia 300:312 arg1 mice 372:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 4 10 theme decreased 552:560 arg1 concentrations 607:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. 31276140 5 11 theme glucagon-like 684:696 arg1 peptide 698:704 glucagon-like peptide 1 684:706 glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) 684:714 Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. 31276140 5 11 theme glucagon-like 684:696 arg1 GLP-1 709:713 GLP-1 709:713 GLP-1 709:713 Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. 31276140 2 12 from microbiota 322:331 arg1 mice 372:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 13 theme adlay 279:283 arg1 PAS 292:294 PAS 292:294 PAS 292:294 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 13 theme adlay 279:283 arg1 seeds 285:289 adlay seeds 279:289 adlay seeds (PAS) 279:295 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 5 14 theme peptide 698:704 arg1 concentrations 666:679 the concentrations 662:679 the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) 662:714 Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. 31276140 3 15 theme glucose 458:464 arg1 level 466:470 the glucose level 454:470 the glucose level 454:470 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 7 16 theme pancreatic 911:920 arg1 cells 922:926 STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells 898:926 STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells 898:926 Also, histopathological examination showed that PAS contributed to the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells. 31276140 3 17 theme glycosylated 492:503 arg1 HbA1c 517:521 HbA1c 517:521 HbA1c 517:521 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 3 17 theme glycosylated 492:503 arg1 hemoglobin 505:514 glycosylated hemoglobin 492:514 glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 492:522 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 2 18 theme -induced 354:361 arg1 mice 372:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 1 19 theme due 166:168 arg1 levels 159:164 elevated blood glucose levels 136:164 elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 136:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 8 20 theme PAS 1014:1016 arg1 treatment 1018:1026 PAS treatment 1014:1026 PAS treatment 1014:1026 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 9 21 theme diabetic 1171:1178 arg1 mice 1180:1183 type-2 diabetic mice 1164:1183 type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) 1164:1189 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 9 21 theme diabetic 1171:1178 arg1 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 2 22 theme polysaccharides 258:272 arg1 effects 247:253 the effects 243:253 the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 243:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 23 theme diabetic 363:370 arg1 mice 372:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 336:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 7 24 theme STZ-lesioned 898:909 arg1 cells 922:926 STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells 898:926 STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells 898:926 Also, histopathological examination showed that PAS contributed to the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells. 31276140 0 25 from adlay 31:35 arg1 polysaccharides 10:24 polysaccharides 10:24 polysaccharides from adlay 10:35 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay seed on anti-diabetic and gut microbiota. 31276140 0 25 from adlay 31:35 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay 0:35 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay seed on anti-diabetic and gut microbiota. 31276140 9 26 theme metabolic 1266:1274 arg1 pathways 1276:1283 its metabolic pathways 1262:1283 its metabolic pathways 1262:1283 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 1 27 theme insulin 173:179 arg1 resistance 181:190 insulin resistance 173:190 insulin resistance 173:190 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 9 28 theme microbiota 1247:1256 arg1 pathways 1276:1283 its metabolic pathways 1262:1283 its metabolic pathways 1262:1283 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 9 28 theme microbiota 1247:1256 arg1 regulation 1218:1227 the regulation 1214:1227 the regulation of the intestinal microbiota 1214:1256 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 5 29 theme significant 638:648 arg1 increase 650:657 a significant increase 636:657 a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) 636:714 Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. 31276140 8 30 theme Metformin 929:937 arg1 treatment 939:947 Metformin treatment 929:947 Metformin treatment 929:947 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 9 31 theme type-2 1164:1169 arg1 mice 1180:1183 type-2 diabetic mice 1164:1183 type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) 1164:1189 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 9 31 theme type-2 1164:1169 arg1 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 9 32 theme PAS 1157:1159 arg1 effects 1146:1152 the hypoglycemic effects 1129:1152 the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) 1129:1189 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 3 33 theme significant 430:440 arg1 decrease 442:449 a significant decrease 428:449 a significant decrease in the glucose level 428:470 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 0 34 theme polysaccharides 10:24 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay 0:35 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay seed on anti-diabetic and gut microbiota. 31276140 1 35 theme chronic 93:99 arg1 disease 111:117 a chronic metabolic disease 91:117 a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 91:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 1 35 theme chronic 93:99 arg1 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 1 36 theme β-cell 196:201 arg1 dysfunction 203:213 β-cell dysfunction 196:213 β-cell dysfunction 196:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 3 37 from levels 482:487 arg1 level 466:470 the glucose level 454:470 the glucose level 454:470 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 6 38 theme protein 805:811 arg1 concentrations 760:773 the concentrations 756:773 the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 756:811 Unexpectedly, PAS reduced the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein. 31276140 2 39 from effects 247:253 arg1 PAS 292:294 PAS 292:294 PAS 292:294 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 39 from effects 247:253 arg1 hyperglycemia 300:312 hyperglycemia 300:312 hyperglycemia 300:312 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 39 from effects 247:253 arg1 seeds 285:289 adlay seeds 279:289 adlay seeds (PAS) 279:295 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 39 from effects 247:253 arg1 microbiota 322:331 gut microbiota 318:331 gut microbiota 318:331 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 3 40 theme diabetic 407:414 arg1 mice 416:419 diabetic mice 407:419 diabetic mice 407:419 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 4 41 theme triglyceride 589:600 arg1 concentrations 607:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. 31276140 8 42 theme microbiota 1073:1082 arg1 composition 1054:1064 composition 1054:1064 composition 1054:1064 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 8 42 theme microbiota 1073:1082 arg1 diversity 1040:1048 diversity 1040:1048 diversity 1040:1048 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 6 43 theme Aβ1-42 797:802 arg1 protein 805:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 Unexpectedly, PAS reduced the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein. 31276140 1 44 theme metabolic 101:109 arg1 disease 111:117 a chronic metabolic disease 91:117 a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 91:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 1 44 theme metabolic 101:109 arg1 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes 79:86 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 8 45 dep diversity 1040:1048 arg1 the 1036:1038 the 1036:1038 the 1036:1038 Metformin treatment significantly reduced the diversity of the gut microbiota, while PAS treatment altered the diversity and composition of the microbiota. 31276140 3 46 theme serum 476:480 arg1 levels 482:487 serum levels 476:487 serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 476:522 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 2 47 theme gut 318:320 arg1 microbiota 322:331 gut microbiota 318:331 gut microbiota 318:331 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 6 48 theme beta 791:794 arg1 protein 805:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 Unexpectedly, PAS reduced the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein. 31276140 3 49 from decrease 442:449 arg1 level 466:470 the glucose level 454:470 the glucose level 454:470 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 4 50 theme cholesterol 568:578 arg1 concentrations 607:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations 552:620 Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. 31276140 3 51 theme hemoglobin 505:514 arg1 levels 482:487 serum levels 476:487 serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 476:522 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 3 51 theme hemoglobin 505:514 arg1 decrease 442:449 a significant decrease 428:449 a significant decrease in the glucose level 428:470 The administration of PAS in diabetic mice caused a significant decrease in the glucose level and serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). 31276140 6 52 theme anti-amyloid 778:789 arg1 protein 805:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein 778:811 Unexpectedly, PAS reduced the concentrations of anti-amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) protein. 31276140 2 53 from seeds 285:289 arg1 polysaccharides 258:272 polysaccharides 258:272 polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) 258:295 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 2 53 from seeds 285:289 arg1 effects 247:253 the effects 243:253 the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice 243:375 This study aims to examine the effects of polysaccharides from adlay seeds (PAS) on hyperglycemia and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. 31276140 4 54 theme total 562:566 arg1 cholesterol 568:578 total cholesterol 562:578 total cholesterol (TC) 562:583 Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. 31276140 4 54 theme total 562:566 arg1 TC 581:582 TC 581:582 TC 581:582 Similarly, PAS also showed decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations. 31276140 0 55 theme gut 63:65 arg1 microbiota 67:76 gut microbiota 63:76 gut microbiota 63:76 Effect of polysaccharides from adlay seed on anti-diabetic and gut microbiota. 31276140 1 56 theme elevated 136:143 arg1 levels 159:164 elevated blood glucose levels 136:164 elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 136:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 9 57 from effects 1146:1152 arg1 mice 1180:1183 type-2 diabetic mice 1164:1183 type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) 1164:1189 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 9 57 from effects 1146:1152 arg1 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 T2D 1186:1188 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 5 58 from increase 650:657 arg1 concentrations 666:679 the concentrations 662:679 the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) 662:714 Furthermore, a significant increase in the concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) was observed. 31276140 9 59 theme hypoglycemic 1133:1144 arg1 effects 1146:1152 the hypoglycemic effects 1129:1152 the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) 1129:1189 Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effects of PAS in type-2 diabetic mice (T2D) may be associated with the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic pathways. 31276140 1 60 theme blood 145:149 arg1 levels 159:164 elevated blood glucose levels 136:164 elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction 136:213 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. 31276140 7 61 theme histopathological 820:836 arg1 examination 838:848 histopathological examination 820:848 histopathological examination 820:848 Also, histopathological examination showed that PAS contributed to the reduction of STZ-lesioned pancreatic cells. 30218302 4 0 theme chain 759:763 arg1 interaction 765:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 1 1 theme apple 217:221 arg1 industry 229:236 apple juice industry 217:236 apple juice industry 217:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 4 2 theme polymer 751:757 arg1 interaction 765:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 2 3 theme acid 280:283 arg1 case 246:249 the case 242:249 the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C 242:300 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 1 4 theme juice 223:227 arg1 industry 229:236 apple juice industry 217:236 apple juice industry 217:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 4 5 theme G″ 649:650 arg1 modulus 652:658 a higher G″ modulus 640:658 a higher G″ modulus than pectin 640:670 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 1 6 theme industry 229:236 arg1 by-product 203:212 the main by-product 194:212 the main by-product of apple juice industry 194:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 6 theme industry 229:236 arg1 pomace 178:183 apple pomace 172:183 apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry 172:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 5 7 theme pectin 853:858 arg1 production 860:869 the pectin production 849:869 the pectin production 849:869 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 4 8 theme higher 642:647 arg1 modulus 652:658 a higher G″ modulus 640:658 a higher G″ modulus than pectin 640:670 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 4 9 theme shear 614:618 arg1 rate 620:623 the shear rate 610:623 the shear rate 610:623 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 4 10 theme higher 586:591 arg1 viscosity 593:601 a higher viscosity 584:601 a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties 584:823 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 3 11 theme galacturonic 419:430 arg1 content 437:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 4 12 theme AA-extracted 542:553 arg1 solution 562:569 the AA-extracted pectin solution 538:569 the AA-extracted pectin solution 538:569 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 0 13 from Pomace 39:44 arg1 Production 17:26 Pectin Production 10:26 Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction 10:70 Upgrading Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction. 30218302 3 14 theme acid 432:435 arg1 content 437:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 2 15 theme 100 °C 295:300 arg1 case 246:249 the case 242:249 the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C 242:300 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 0 16 theme Pectin 10:15 arg1 Production 17:26 Pectin Production 10:26 Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction 10:70 Upgrading Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction. 30218302 4 17 theme stronger 742:749 arg1 interaction 765:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 stronger polymer chain interaction 742:775 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 5 18 theme green 830:834 arg1 approach 836:843 The green approach 826:843 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components 826:900 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 4 19 theme pectin 555:560 arg1 solution 562:569 the AA-extracted pectin solution 538:569 the AA-extracted pectin solution 538:569 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 4 20 theme textural 805:812 arg1 properties 814:823 gel textural properties 801:823 gel textural properties 801:823 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 4 21 theme commercial 704:713 arg1 pectin 715:720 commercial pectin 704:720 commercial pectin 704:720 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 2 22 theme pectin 323:328 arg1 yield 314:318 extraction yield 303:318 extraction yield of pectin 303:328 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 3 23 theme mineral 359:365 arg1 pectin 382:387 mineral acid-extracted pectin 359:387 mineral acid-extracted pectin 359:387 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 4 24 theme gel 801:803 arg1 properties 814:823 gel textural properties 801:823 gel textural properties 801:823 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 2 25 theme 110 min 254:260 arg1 case 246:249 the case 242:249 the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C 242:300 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 3 26 theme acid-extracted 367:380 arg1 pectin 382:387 mineral acid-extracted pectin 359:387 mineral acid-extracted pectin 359:387 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 5 27 theme components 891:900 arg1 terms 875:879 terms 875:879 terms of pectin components 875:900 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 0 28 theme Apple 33:37 arg1 Pomace 39:44 Apple Pomace 33:44 Apple Pomace 33:44 Upgrading Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction. 30218302 2 29 theme extraction 303:312 arg1 yield 314:318 extraction yield 303:318 extraction yield of pectin 303:328 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 0 30 theme Acetic 49:54 arg1 Extraction 61:70 Acetic Acid Extraction 49:70 Acetic Acid Extraction 49:70 Upgrading Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction. 30218302 3 31 theme AA-extracted 460:471 arg1 pectin 473:478 the AA-extracted pectin 456:478 the AA-extracted pectin 456:478 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 5 32 theme friendly 991:998 arg1 process 1000:1006 friendly process 991:1006 friendly process 991:1006 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 2 33 theme acetic 273:278 arg1 AA 286:287 AA 286:287 AA 286:287 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 2 33 theme acetic 273:278 arg1 acid 280:283 10% (w/w) acetic acid 263:283 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA) 263:288 In the case of 110 min, 10% (w/w) acetic acid (AA), and 100 °C, extraction yield of pectin reached 19.6%. 30218302 5 34 theme apple 921:925 arg1 pomace 927:932 apple pomace 921:932 apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process 921:1006 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 3 35 theme pectin 473:478 arg1 content 437:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 galacturonic acid content 419:443 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 3 35 theme pectin 473:478 arg1 DE 450:451 DE 450:451 DE 450:451 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 3 35 theme pectin 473:478 arg1 yield 394:398 the yield 390:398 the yield 390:398 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 3 35 theme pectin 473:478 arg1 weight 411:416 molecular weight 401:416 molecular weight 401:416 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 3 35 theme pectin 473:478 arg1 higher 485:490 higher 485:490 higher 485:490 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 3 36 theme molecular 401:409 arg1 weight 411:416 molecular weight 401:416 molecular weight 401:416 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 5 37 theme pectin 884:889 arg1 components 891:900 pectin components 884:900 pectin components 884:900 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 30218302 1 38 theme used 107:110 arg1 polysaccharide 123:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 39 theme main 198:201 arg1 by-product 203:212 the main by-product 194:212 the main by-product of apple juice industry 194:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 39 theme main 198:201 arg1 pomace 178:183 apple pomace 172:183 apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry 172:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 4 40 theme mineral 687:693 arg1 acid 695:698 mineral acid 687:698 mineral acid 687:698 Furthermore, the AA-extracted pectin solution demonstrated a higher viscosity during the shear rate increased, and a higher G″ modulus than pectin extracted with mineral acid and commercial pectin possibly because of stronger polymer chain interaction, which was reflected in gel textural properties. 30218302 1 41 theme apple 172:176 arg1 by-product 203:212 the main by-product 194:212 the main by-product of apple juice industry 194:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 41 theme apple 172:176 arg1 pomace 178:183 apple pomace 172:183 apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry 172:236 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 42 theme functional 112:121 arg1 polysaccharide 123:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 0 43 theme Acid 56:59 arg1 Extraction 61:70 Acetic Acid Extraction 49:70 Acetic Acid Extraction 49:70 Upgrading Pectin Production from Apple Pomace by Acetic Acid Extraction. 30218302 3 44 theme neutral 498:504 arg1 sugars 506:511 neutral sugars 498:511 neutral sugars 498:511 Compared with mineral acid-extracted pectin, the yield, molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and DE of the AA-extracted pectin were higher while neutral sugars were lower. 30218302 1 45 theme polysaccharide 123:136 arg1 polysaccharide 123:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 the most widely used functional polysaccharide 91:136 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 45 theme polysaccharide 123:136 arg1 Pectin 73:78 Pectin 73:78 Pectin 73:78 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 1 45 theme polysaccharide 123:136 arg1 one 84:86 one 84:86 one 84:86 Pectin, as one of the most widely used functional polysaccharide, can be abundantly extracted from apple pomace which is the main by-product of apple juice industry. 30218302 5 46 from production 860:869 arg1 terms 875:879 terms 875:879 terms of pectin components 875:900 The green approach for the pectin production, in terms of pectin components was developed from apple pomace using AA that was highly competitive and environmentally friendly process. 31091015 9 0 from alternative 1543:1553 arg1 agents 1624:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 0 from alternative 1543:1553 arg1 fields 1598:1603 various biomedical fields 1579:1603 various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents 1579:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 3 1 from use 479:481 arg1 clinic 511:516 the clinic 507:516 the clinic 507:516 Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. 31091015 7 2 theme glycol 1177:1182 arg1 groups 1184:1189 ethylene glycol groups 1168:1189 ethylene glycol groups 1168:1189 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 5 3 dep in 778:779 arg1 vivo 781:784 vivo 781:784 vivo 781:784 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 1 4 theme adhesive 184:191 arg1 complex 202:208 an adhesive membrane complex 181:208 an adhesive membrane complex 181:208 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 8 5 theme glycol 1288:1293 arg1 hydrogels 1313:1321 glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels 1288:1321 glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels 1288:1321 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 8 6 dep adhesiveness 1395:1406 arg1 the 1391:1393 the 1391:1393 the 1391:1393 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 9 7 theme glycol 1499:1504 arg1 alternative 1543:1553 a promising alternative 1531:1553 a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents 1531:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 7 theme glycol 1499:1504 arg1 chitosan-catechol 1506:1522 glycol chitosan-catechol 1499:1522 glycol chitosan-catechol 1499:1522 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 8 theme hemostatic 1613:1622 arg1 agents 1624:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 8 9 theme hydrogels 1313:1321 arg1 adhesion 1253:1260 tissue adhesion 1246:1260 tissue adhesion 1246:1260 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 8 9 theme hydrogels 1313:1321 arg1 ability 1277:1283 hemostatic ability 1266:1283 hemostatic ability 1266:1283 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 8 10 theme nonglycol 1445:1453 arg1 chitosan-catechol 1455:1471 nonglycol chitosan-catechol 1445:1471 nonglycol chitosan-catechol 1445:1471 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 7 11 theme cells 1226:1230 arg1 adhesion 1207:1214 the reduced adhesion 1195:1214 the reduced adhesion of immune cells 1195:1230 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 7 11 theme cells 1226:1230 arg1 effect 1158:1163 the antibiofouling effect 1139:1163 the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups 1139:1189 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 1 12 theme membrane 193:200 arg1 complex 202:208 an adhesive membrane complex 181:208 an adhesive membrane complex 181:208 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 8 13 theme chitosan-catechol 1295:1311 arg1 hydrogels 1313:1321 glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels 1288:1321 glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels 1288:1321 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 2 14 theme 3D 427:428 arg1 printing 430:437 3D printing 427:437 3D printing 427:437 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 0 15 theme Glycol 20:25 arg1 Chitosan 27:34 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms. 31091015 8 16 theme hemostatic 1266:1275 arg1 ability 1277:1283 hemostatic ability 1266:1283 hemostatic ability 1266:1283 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 6 17 theme immune 878:883 arg1 responses 885:893 Their immune responses 872:893 Their immune responses 872:893 Their immune responses are also assessed using histological analysis after subcutaneous implantation into mice. 31091015 2 18 theme hemostatic 348:357 arg1 needles 359:365 hemostatic needles 348:365 hemostatic needles 348:365 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 7 19 theme groups 1184:1189 arg1 adhesion 1207:1214 the reduced adhesion 1195:1214 the reduced adhesion of immune cells 1195:1230 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 7 19 theme groups 1184:1189 arg1 effect 1158:1163 the antibiofouling effect 1139:1163 the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups 1139:1189 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 4 20 theme chitosan-catechol 725:741 arg1 replacement 710:720 the replacement 706:720 the replacement of chitosan-catechol 706:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 0 21 theme Toxicity-Attenuated 0:18 arg1 Chitosan 27:34 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms. 31091015 4 22 theme catechol-conjugated 578:596 arg1 hydrogel 655:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel 629:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 629:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 22 theme catechol-conjugated 578:596 arg1 chitosan 605:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 7 23 theme immune 1219:1224 arg1 cells 1226:1230 immune cells 1219:1230 immune cells 1219:1230 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 1 24 theme instant 218:224 arg1 bonding 226:232 instant bonding 218:232 instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan 218:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 0 25 theme Adhesive 36:43 arg1 Chitosan 27:34 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive 0:43 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms. 31091015 7 26 theme reduced 1199:1205 arg1 adhesion 1207:1214 the reduced adhesion 1195:1214 the reduced adhesion of immune cells 1195:1230 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 7 27 theme immune 1060:1065 arg1 response 1067:1074 the immune response 1056:1074 the immune response 1056:1074 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 8 28 theme ethylene 1341:1348 arg1 glycol 1350:1355 ethylene glycol 1341:1355 these ethylene glycol groups 1335:1362 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 29 theme immune 680:685 arg1 responses 687:695 negligible immune responses 669:695 negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 669:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 5 30 theme in 778:779 arg1 irritation 791:800 in vivo skin irritation 778:800 in vivo skin irritation 778:800 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 4 31 theme negligible 669:678 arg1 responses 687:695 negligible immune responses 669:695 negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 669:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 32 theme glycol 598:603 arg1 hydrogel 655:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel 629:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 629:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 32 theme glycol 598:603 arg1 chitosan 605:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 1 33 with bonding 226:232 arg1 proteins 245:252 serum proteins 239:252 serum proteins not found in chitosan 239:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 1 34 located found 258:262 arg2 proteins 245:252 serum proteins 239:252 serum proteins not found in chitosan 239:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 1 34 located found 258:262 arg1 chitosan 267:274 chitosan 267:274 chitosan 267:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 1 35 theme serum 239:243 arg1 proteins 245:252 serum proteins 239:252 serum proteins not found in chitosan 239:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 3 36 theme practical 469:477 arg1 use 479:481 the practical use 465:481 the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic 465:516 Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. 31091015 5 37 theme skin 786:789 arg1 irritation 791:800 in vivo skin irritation 778:800 in vivo skin irritation 778:800 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 8 38 dep adhesion 1253:1260 arg1 the 1242:1244 the 1242:1244 the 1242:1244 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 39 with hydrogel 655:662 arg1 responses 687:695 negligible immune responses 669:695 negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 669:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 7 40 theme antibiofouling 1143:1156 arg1 effect 1158:1163 the antibiofouling effect 1139:1163 the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups 1139:1189 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 3 41 theme chitosan-catechol 486:502 arg1 use 479:481 the practical use 465:481 the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic 465:516 Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. 31091015 0 42 theme Adhesion 64:71 arg1 Mechanisms 73:82 Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms 57:82 Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms 57:82 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms. 31091015 9 43 theme promising 1533:1541 arg1 alternative 1543:1553 a promising alternative 1531:1553 a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents 1531:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 43 theme promising 1533:1541 arg1 chitosan-catechol 1506:1522 glycol chitosan-catechol 1499:1522 glycol chitosan-catechol 1499:1522 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 5 44 dep chitosan-catechol 810:826 arg1 chitosan-catechol 839:855 chitosan-catechol 839:855 chitosan-catechol 839:855 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 8 45 theme tissue 1246:1251 arg1 adhesion 1253:1260 tissue adhesion 1246:1260 tissue adhesion 1246:1260 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 2 46 theme hemostatic 376:385 arg1 materials 387:395 general hemostatic materials 368:395 general hemostatic materials 368:395 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 0 47 theme Mussel 57:62 arg1 Mechanisms 73:82 Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms 57:82 Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms 57:82 Toxicity-Attenuated Glycol Chitosan Adhesive Inspired by Mussel Adhesion Mechanisms. 31091015 5 48 theme Comparative 744:754 arg1 toxicity 765:772 Comparative cellular toxicity 744:772 Comparative cellular toxicity 744:772 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 6 49 theme subcutaneous 947:958 arg1 implantation 960:971 subcutaneous implantation 947:971 subcutaneous implantation into mice 947:981 Their immune responses are also assessed using histological analysis after subcutaneous implantation into mice. 31091015 8 50 theme glycol 1350:1355 arg1 groups 1357:1362 these ethylene glycol groups 1335:1362 these ethylene glycol groups 1335:1362 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 2 51 theme general 368:374 arg1 materials 387:395 general hemostatic materials 368:395 general hemostatic materials 368:395 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 5 52 theme cellular 756:763 arg1 toxicity 765:772 Comparative cellular toxicity 744:772 Comparative cellular toxicity 744:772 Comparative cellular toxicity and in vivo skin irritation between chitosan-catechol and glycol chitosan-catechol are evaluated. 31091015 2 53 theme intrinsic 288:296 arg1 property 298:305 this intrinsic property 283:305 this intrinsic property 283:305 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 4 54 theme hemostatic 644:653 arg1 hydrogel 655:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel 629:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 629:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 54 theme hemostatic 644:653 arg1 chitosan 605:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 7 55 theme ethylene 1168:1175 arg1 glycol 1177:1182 ethylene glycol 1168:1182 ethylene glycol groups 1168:1189 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 3 56 theme immune 550:555 arg1 responses 557:565 its undesired immune responses 536:565 its undesired immune responses 536:565 Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. 31091015 7 57 theme glycol 1006:1011 arg1 chitosan-catechol 1013:1029 glycol chitosan-catechol 1006:1029 glycol chitosan-catechol 1006:1029 The results show that glycol chitosan-catechol significantly attenuates the immune response compared with chitosan-catechol; this finding is likely due to the antibiofouling effect of ethylene glycol groups and the reduced adhesion of immune cells. 31091015 4 58 theme alternative 632:642 arg1 hydrogel 655:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel 629:662 an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol 629:741 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 4 58 theme alternative 632:642 arg1 chitosan 605:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan 576:612 Herein, a catechol-conjugated glycol chitosan is proposed as an alternative hemostatic hydrogel with negligible immune responses enabling the replacement of chitosan-catechol. 31091015 6 59 theme histological 919:930 arg1 analysis 932:939 histological analysis 919:939 histological analysis 919:939 Their immune responses are also assessed using histological analysis after subcutaneous implantation into mice. 31091015 8 60 theme hemostatic 1412:1421 arg1 ability 1423:1429 hemostatic ability 1412:1429 hemostatic ability 1412:1429 Finally, the tissue adhesion and hemostatic ability of glycol chitosan-catechol hydrogels reveal that these ethylene glycol groups do not dramatically modify the adhesiveness and hemostatic ability compared with nonglycol chitosan-catechol. 31091015 3 61 theme undesired 540:548 arg1 responses 557:565 its undesired immune responses 536:565 its undesired immune responses 536:565 Despite its versatility, the practical use of chitosan-catechol in the clinic is limited due to its undesired immune responses. 31091015 1 62 theme complex 202:208 arg1 formation 168:176 the formation 164:176 the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan 164:274 Chitosan-catechol, inspired from mussel-adhesive-proteins, is characterized by the formation of an adhesive membrane complex through instant bonding with serum proteins not found in chitosan. 31091015 9 63 theme various 1579:1585 arg1 agents 1624:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 63 theme various 1579:1585 arg1 fields 1598:1603 various biomedical fields 1579:1603 various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents 1579:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 2 64 theme nanoparticle 398:409 arg1 composites 411:420 nanoparticle composites 398:420 nanoparticle composites 398:420 Using this intrinsic property, chitosan-catechol is widely applied for hemostatic needles, general hemostatic materials, nanoparticle composites, and 3D printing. 31091015 9 65 theme biomedical 1587:1596 arg1 agents 1624:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 hemostatic agents 1613:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31091015 9 65 theme biomedical 1587:1596 arg1 fields 1598:1603 various biomedical fields 1579:1603 various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents 1579:1629 This study suggests that glycol chitosan-catechol can be a promising alternative to chitosan-catechol in various biomedical fields such as hemostatic agents. 31650194 7 0 theme distinct 1091:1098 arg1 performances 1100:1111 distinct performances 1091:1111 distinct performances 1091:1111 The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. 31650194 4 1 theme BNC 648:650 arg1 yield 652:656 a maximum BNC yield 638:656 a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) 638:678 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 6 2 theme epoxidized 947:956 arg1 softener 894:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 2 theme epoxidized 947:956 arg1 oil 966:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil 937:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) 937:975 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 2 theme epoxidized 947:956 arg1 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 4 3 theme yeast 757:761 arg1 extract/peptone 763:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone 747:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P) 747:784 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 3 theme yeast 757:761 arg1 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 3 4 theme BNC 470:472 arg1 fermentation 474:485 BNC fermentation 470:485 BNC fermentation 470:485 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 8 5 theme BNC-based 1265:1273 arg1 composites 1275:1284 BNC-based composites 1265:1284 BNC-based composites 1265:1284 This strategy represents a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites. 31650194 6 6 theme softener 894:901 arg1 mixture 847:853 A mixture 845:853 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), 845:976 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 0 7 theme composites 106:115 arg1 development 85:95 development 85:95 development of novel composites 85:115 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 0 7 theme composites 106:115 arg1 sludge 74:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 2 8 with syrup 349:353 arg1 glucose 370:376 45.40 g/L glucose 360:376 45.40 g/L glucose 360:376 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 2 8 with syrup 349:353 arg1 cellobiose 388:397 1.69 g/L cellobiose 379:397 1.69 g/L cellobiose 379:397 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 2 8 with syrup 349:353 arg1 xylose 412:417 2.89 g/L xylose 403:417 2.89 g/L xylose 403:417 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 4 9 dep yield 652:656 arg1 5.69 g/L 659:666 5.69 g/L 659:666 5.69 g/L 659:666 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 9 dep yield 652:656 arg1 basis 673:677 dry basis 669:677 dry basis 669:677 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 1 10 theme bacterial 228:236 arg1 production 258:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 0 11 theme novel 100:104 arg1 composites 106:115 novel composites 100:115 novel composites 100:115 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 6 12 theme exhaustion 1029:1038 arg1 process 1040:1046 an exhaustion process 1026:1046 an exhaustion process 1026:1046 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 1 13 theme nanocellulose 238:250 arg1 production 258:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 4 14 theme maximum 640:646 arg1 yield 652:656 a maximum BNC yield 638:656 a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) 638:678 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 15 theme 1.45 747:750 arg1 % 751:751 % 751:751 % 751:751 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 6 16 theme acrylated 937:945 arg1 softener 894:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 16 theme acrylated 937:945 arg1 oil 966:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil 937:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) 937:975 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 16 theme acrylated 937:945 arg1 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 3 17 theme static 490:495 arg1 culture 497:503 static culture 490:503 static culture 490:503 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 4 18 theme model 631:635 arg1 analysis 600:607 analysis 600:607 analysis 600:607 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 18 theme model 631:635 arg1 validation 613:622 validation 613:622 validation 613:622 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 19 theme 1.0 726:728 arg1 % 729:729 % 729:729 % 729:729 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 7 20 theme BNC 1071:1073 arg1 composites 1075:1084 BNC composites 1071:1084 BNC composites with distinct performances 1071:1111 The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. 31650194 4 21 theme 1.50 699:702 arg1 % 703:703 % 703:703 % 703:703 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 22 theme m/v 753:755 arg1 extract/peptone 763:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone 747:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P) 747:784 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 22 theme m/v 753:755 arg1 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 2 23 theme sugar 343:347 arg1 syrup 349:353 a sugar syrup 341:353 a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose 341:417 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 2 24 theme 2.89 g/L 403:410 arg1 xylose 412:417 2.89 g/L xylose 403:417 2.89 g/L xylose 403:417 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 4 25 theme % 751:751 arg1 extract/peptone 763:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone 747:777 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P) 747:784 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 25 theme % 751:751 arg1 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 YE/P 780:783 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 26 theme dry 669:671 arg1 5.69 g/L 659:666 5.69 g/L 659:666 5.69 g/L 659:666 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 4 26 theme dry 669:671 arg1 basis 673:677 dry basis 669:677 dry basis 669:677 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 5 27 used used 817:820 arg2 BNC 800:802 the BNC 796:802 the BNC obtained 796:811 Further, the BNC obtained was used to produce composites. 31650194 0 28 theme nanocellulose 26:38 arg1 fermentation 40:51 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 16:51 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 16:51 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 1 29 theme BNC 253:255 arg1 production 258:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 228:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 3 30 theme Komagataeibacter 512:527 arg1 ATCC 537:540 Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178 512:547 Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178 512:547 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 4 31 theme % 729:729 arg1 v/v 731:733 1.0% v/v 726:733 1.0% v/v ethanol 726:741 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 2 32 theme 1.69 g/L 379:386 arg1 cellobiose 388:397 1.69 g/L cellobiose 379:397 1.69 g/L cellobiose 379:397 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 0 33 theme bacterial 16:24 arg1 fermentation 40:51 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 16:51 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 16:51 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 4 34 theme % 703:703 arg1 hydrolysate 713:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 3 35 theme xylinus 529:535 arg1 ATCC 537:540 Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178 512:547 Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178 512:547 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 3 36 theme fermentation 474:485 arg1 optimization 454:465 the optimization 450:465 the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture 450:503 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 7 37 theme percentage 1167:1176 arg1 contents 1178:1185 the polymers percentage contents 1154:1185 the polymers percentage contents 1154:1185 The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. 31650194 3 38 theme response 558:565 arg1 RSM 588:590 RSM 588:590 RSM 588:590 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 3 38 theme response 558:565 arg1 methodology 575:585 response surface methodology 558:585 response surface methodology (RSM) 558:591 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 6 39 theme soybean 958:964 arg1 softener 894:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 39 theme soybean 958:964 arg1 oil 966:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil 937:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) 937:975 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 39 theme soybean 958:964 arg1 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 AESO 971:974 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 0 40 theme fermentation 40:51 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 0:116 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 3 41 used used 441:444 arg2 hydrolysate 425:435 This hydrolysate 420:435 This hydrolysate 420:435 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 2 42 theme 45.40 g/L 360:368 arg1 glucose 370:376 45.40 g/L glucose 360:376 45.40 g/L glucose 360:376 The biomass was enzymatically hydrolysed with Cellic CTec 2 to produce a sugar syrup with 45.40 g/L glucose, 1.69 g/L cellobiose and 2.89 g/L xylose. 31650194 0 43 theme paper 68:72 arg1 sludge 74:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 7 44 with composites 1075:1084 arg1 performances 1100:1111 distinct performances 1091:1111 distinct performances 1091:1111 The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. 31650194 8 45 theme BNC 1257:1259 arg1 production 1243:1252 the production 1239:1252 the production of BNC and BNC-based composites 1239:1284 This strategy represents a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites. 31650194 7 46 theme polymers 1158:1165 arg1 contents 1178:1185 the polymers percentage contents 1154:1185 the polymers percentage contents 1154:1185 The results show that BNC composites with distinct performances can be easily designed by simply varying the polymers percentage contents. 31650194 0 47 theme recycled 59:66 arg1 sludge 74:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 recycled paper sludge 59:79 Optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation using recycled paper sludge and development of novel composites. 31650194 8 48 theme simple 1215:1220 arg1 approach 1222:1229 a simple approach 1213:1229 a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites 1213:1284 This strategy represents a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites. 31650194 4 49 theme v/v 731:733 arg1 ethanol 735:741 1.0% v/v ethanol 726:741 1.0% v/v ethanol 726:741 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 6 50 theme BNC 1004:1006 arg1 membranes 1008:1016 the BNC membranes 1000:1016 the BNC membranes 1000:1016 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 4 51 theme RPS 709:711 arg1 hydrolysate 713:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 3 52 theme surface 567:573 arg1 RSM 588:590 RSM 588:590 RSM 588:590 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 3 52 theme surface 567:573 arg1 methodology 575:585 response surface methodology 558:585 response surface methodology (RSM) 558:591 This hydrolysate was used for the optimization of BNC fermentation by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 700178, through response surface methodology (RSM). 31650194 8 53 theme composites 1275:1284 arg1 production 1243:1252 the production 1239:1252 the production of BNC and BNC-based composites 1239:1284 This strategy represents a simple approach towards the production of BNC and BNC-based composites. 31650194 4 54 theme m/v 705:707 arg1 hydrolysate 713:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate 699:723 After analysis and validation of the model, a maximum BNC yield (5.69 g/L, dry basis) was obtained using 1.50% m/v RPS hydrolysate, 1.0% v/v ethanol and 1.45% m/v yeast extract/peptone (YE/P). 31650194 1 55 theme recycled 132:139 arg1 source 217:222 a carbon source 208:222 a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 208:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 55 theme recycled 132:139 arg1 RPS 155:157 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 56 used used 200:203 arg2 RPS 155:157 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 56 used used 200:203 arg2 source 217:222 a carbon source 208:222 a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 208:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 57 theme non-recyclable 173:186 arg1 fibres 188:193 non-recyclable fibres 173:193 non-recyclable fibres 173:193 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 58 theme paper 141:145 arg1 source 217:222 a carbon source 208:222 a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 208:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 58 theme paper 141:145 arg1 RPS 155:157 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 6 59 theme amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based 861:892 arg1 softener 894:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener 858:901 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 59 theme amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based 861:892 arg1 oil 966:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil 937:968 acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) 937:975 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 6 59 theme amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based 861:892 arg1 polyethyleneglycol 904:921 polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 904:931 polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 904:931 A mixture of an amino-PolyDiMethylSiloxane-based softener, polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 400 and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), was incorporated into the BNC membranes through an exhaustion process. 31650194 1 60 theme sludge 147:152 arg1 source 217:222 a carbon source 208:222 a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 208:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 60 theme sludge 147:152 arg1 RPS 155:157 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 61 theme carbon 210:215 arg1 source 217:222 a carbon source 208:222 a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 208:267 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 31650194 1 61 theme carbon 210:215 arg1 RPS 155:157 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 recycled paper sludge (RPS) 132:158 In this work, recycled paper sludge (RPS), composed of non-recyclable fibres, was used as a carbon source for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production. 30017365 4 0 theme lower 530:534 arg1 % 561:561 ∼15% 558:561 ∼15% 558:561 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 0 theme lower 530:534 arg1 content 543:549 lower lignin content 530:549 lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) 530:562 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 5 1 with HP 801:802 arg1 content 824:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 1 2 theme chemical 145:152 arg1 compositions 154:165 chemical compositions 145:165 chemical compositions 145:165 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 3 theme Hybrid 263:268 arg1 Pennisetum 270:279 Hybrid Pennisetum 263:279 Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) 263:284 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 3 theme Hybrid 263:268 arg1 HP 282:283 HP 282:283 HP 282:283 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 5 4 theme lignin 817:822 arg1 content 824:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 5 5 from HP 801:802 arg1 sugars 789:794 platform sugars 780:794 platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content 780:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 6 6 theme alkaline 989:996 arg1 pretreatment 1006:1017 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 989:1017 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 989:1017 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 1 7 theme Pennisetum 270:279 arg1 hydrolysability 244:258 hydrolysability 244:258 hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP) 244:326 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 7 theme Pennisetum 270:279 arg1 profiles 231:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 7 theme Pennisetum 270:279 arg1 crystallinity 168:180 crystallinity 168:180 crystallinity 168:180 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 7 theme Pennisetum 270:279 arg1 characterizations 191:207 surface characterizations 183:207 surface characterizations 183:207 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 7 theme Pennisetum 270:279 arg1 compositions 154:165 chemical compositions 145:165 chemical compositions 145:165 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 6 8 theme sulfite 998:1004 arg1 pretreatment 1006:1017 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 989:1017 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 989:1017 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 0 9 from Impact 0:5 arg1 pretreatment 45:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment 28:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum 28:77 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 3 10 theme surface 481:487 arg1 content 496:502 surface lignin content 481:502 surface lignin content 481:502 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 3 11 theme HP 507:508 arg1 substrates 510:519 HP substrates 507:519 HP substrates 507:519 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 4 12 dep loadings 672:679 arg1 5 FPU 682:686 5 FPU 682:686 5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter 682:713 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 3 13 theme substrates 510:519 arg1 content 496:502 surface lignin content 481:502 surface lignin content 481:502 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 3 13 theme substrates 510:519 arg1 content 469:475 total lignin content 456:475 total lignin content 456:475 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 2 14 theme lower 345:349 arg1 content 358:364 lower lignin content 345:364 lower lignin content 345:364 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 5 15 theme potential 738:746 arg1 strategy 748:755 a potential strategy 736:755 a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content 736:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 5 16 theme reduced 809:815 arg1 content 824:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 reduced lignin content 809:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 4 17 theme loadings 672:679 arg1 dosage 655:660 a low dosage 649:660 a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter) 649:714 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 18 theme enzyme 665:670 arg1 loadings 672:679 enzyme loadings 665:679 enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter) 665:714 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 3 19 theme lignin 489:494 arg1 content 496:502 surface lignin content 481:502 surface lignin content 481:502 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 1 20 theme surface 183:189 arg1 characterizations 191:207 surface characterizations 183:207 surface characterizations 183:207 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 0 21 theme content 17:23 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 0:78 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 1 22 from impact 117:122 arg1 hydrolysability 244:258 hydrolysability 244:258 hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP) 244:326 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 22 from impact 117:122 arg1 profiles 231:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 22 from impact 117:122 arg1 crystallinity 168:180 crystallinity 168:180 crystallinity 168:180 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 22 from impact 117:122 arg1 characterizations 191:207 surface characterizations 183:207 surface characterizations 183:207 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 22 from impact 117:122 arg1 compositions 154:165 chemical compositions 145:165 chemical compositions 145:165 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 4 23 theme low 651:653 arg1 dosage 655:660 a low dosage 649:660 a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter) 649:714 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 5 24 dep breeding 902:909 arg1 programs 927:934 programs 927:934 programs 927:934 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 0 25 theme lignin 10:15 arg1 content 17:23 lignin content 10:23 lignin content 10:23 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 1 26 theme alkaline 292:299 arg1 ASP 323:325 ASP 323:325 ASP 323:325 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 26 theme alkaline 292:299 arg1 pretreatment 309:320 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 292:320 alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP) 292:326 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 4 27 with HP 522:523 arg1 % 561:561 ∼15% 558:561 ∼15% 558:561 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 27 with HP 522:523 arg1 content 543:549 lower lignin content 530:549 lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) 530:562 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 6 28 theme sugars 1059:1064 arg1 production 1033:1042 efficient production 1023:1042 efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 1023:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 6 29 from lignocelluloses 1071:1085 arg1 production 1033:1042 efficient production 1023:1042 efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 1023:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 6 29 from lignocelluloses 1071:1085 arg1 sugars 1059:1064 fermentable sugars 1047:1064 fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 1047:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 2 30 theme content 397:403 arg1 increase 371:378 the increase 367:378 the increase of the cellulose content by ASP 367:410 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 2 30 theme content 397:403 arg1 obvious 421:427 obvious 421:427 obvious 421:427 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 0 31 theme alkaline-sulfite 28:43 arg1 pretreatment 45:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment 28:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum 28:77 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 1 32 theme sulfite 301:307 arg1 ASP 323:325 ASP 323:325 ASP 323:325 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 32 theme sulfite 301:307 arg1 pretreatment 309:320 alkaline sulfite pretreatment 292:320 alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP) 292:326 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 1 33 theme cellulase 210:218 arg1 profiles 231:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 5 34 theme platform 780:787 arg1 sugars 789:794 platform sugars 780:794 platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content 780:830 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 2 35 theme cellulose 387:395 arg1 content 397:403 the cellulose content 383:403 the cellulose content by ASP 383:410 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 4 36 theme glucose 610:616 arg1 yield 618:622 a pretty perfect glucose yield 593:622 a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) 593:628 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 36 theme glucose 610:616 arg1 % 627:627 91% 625:627 91% 625:627 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 37 theme lignin 536:541 arg1 % 561:561 ∼15% 558:561 ∼15% 558:561 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 37 theme lignin 536:541 arg1 content 543:549 lower lignin content 530:549 lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) 530:562 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 2 38 with HP 337:338 arg1 content 358:364 lower lignin content 345:364 lower lignin content 345:364 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 6 39 from production 1033:1042 arg1 lignocelluloses 1071:1085 lignocelluloses 1071:1085 lignocelluloses 1071:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 1 40 theme adsorption 220:229 arg1 profiles 231:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 cellulase adsorption profiles 210:238 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 2 41 theme raw 434:436 arg1 HP 438:439 raw HP 434:439 raw HP 434:439 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 30017365 5 42 theme HP 872:873 arg1 content 882:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 6 43 theme pretreatment 1006:1017 arg1 mechanism 976:984 the mechanism 972:984 the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 972:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 3 44 theme total 456:460 arg1 content 469:475 total lignin content 456:475 total lignin content 456:475 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 3 45 theme lignin 462:467 arg1 content 469:475 total lignin content 456:475 total lignin content 456:475 ASP decreased total lignin content and surface lignin content of HP substrates. 30017365 4 46 dep % 561:561 arg1 e.g. 552:555 e.g. 552:555 e.g. 552:555 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 47 theme perfect 602:608 arg1 yield 618:622 a pretty perfect glucose yield 593:622 a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) 593:628 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 4 47 theme perfect 602:608 arg1 % 627:627 91% 625:627 91% 625:627 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 6 48 theme efficient 1023:1031 arg1 production 1033:1042 efficient production 1023:1042 efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 1023:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 5 49 theme content 882:888 arg1 importance 848:857 the importance 844:857 the importance of reduction HP lignin content 844:888 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 5 50 theme reduction 862:870 arg1 content 882:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 1 51 theme lignin 127:132 arg1 content 134:140 lignin content 127:140 lignin content 127:140 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 6 52 theme fermentable 1047:1057 arg1 sugars 1059:1064 fermentable sugars 1047:1064 fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses 1047:1085 The work could also help elucidate the mechanism of alkaline sulfite pretreatment for efficient production of fermentable sugars from lignocelluloses. 30017365 0 53 theme Pennisetum 68:77 arg1 pretreatment 45:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment 28:56 alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum 28:77 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 5 54 theme lignin 875:880 arg1 content 882:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 reduction HP lignin content 862:888 The study provides a potential strategy to efficiently produce platform sugars from HP with reduced lignin content, indicating the importance of reduction HP lignin content properly by breeding or transgenesis programs. 30017365 4 55 theme cellulases/g dry matter 691:713 arg1 5 FPU 682:686 5 FPU 682:686 5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter 682:713 HP with lower lignin content (e.g., ∼15%) is suitable for ASP, because a pretty perfect glucose yield (91%) was obtained using a low dosage of enzyme loadings (5 FPU of cellulases/g dry matter). 30017365 1 56 theme content 134:140 arg1 impact 117:122 the impact 113:122 the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP) 113:326 This work focuses to investigate the impact of lignin content on chemical compositions, crystallinity, surface characterizations, cellulase adsorption profiles and hydrolysability of Hybrid Pennisetum (HP) after alkaline sulfite pretreatment (ASP). 30017365 0 57 theme Hybrid 61:66 arg1 Pennisetum 68:77 Hybrid Pennisetum 61:77 Hybrid Pennisetum 61:77 Impact of lignin content on alkaline-sulfite pretreatment of Hybrid Pennisetum. 30017365 2 58 theme lignin 351:356 arg1 content 358:364 lower lignin content 345:364 lower lignin content 345:364 For the HP with lower lignin content, the increase of the cellulose content by ASP was more obvious than raw HP. 28862732 9 0 theme NH2- 1059:1062 arg1 COO- 1043:1046 the COO- 1039:1046 the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS 1039:1068 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 5 1 theme bone 664:667 arg1 material 676:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 5 2 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 695:705 arg1 powder 707:712 n-HA/SAL/CS powder 695:712 n-HA/SAL/CS powder 695:712 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 6 3 theme % 742:742 arg1 acid 751:754 % citric acid 742:754 % citric acid 742:754 % citric acid). 28862732 11 4 theme simulated 1209:1217 arg1 fluid 1224:1228 simulated body fluid 1209:1228 simulated body fluid 1209:1228 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 8 5 dep RESULTS 838:844 arg1 revealed 886:893 revealed 886:893 revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix 886:973 RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy photos revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. 28862732 7 6 dep in 775:776 arg1 vitro 778:782 vitro 778:782 vitro 778:782 In addition, the in vitro bioactivity and cell cytotoxicity were also explored. 28862732 12 7 theme in 1517:1518 arg1 results 1561:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 11 8 theme cell 1381:1384 arg1 proliferation 1386:1398 cell proliferation 1381:1398 cell proliferation 1381:1398 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 11 9 theme body 1219:1222 arg1 fluid 1224:1228 simulated body fluid 1209:1228 simulated body fluid 1209:1228 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 2 10 used used 314:317 arg2 SAL 305:307 SAL 305:307 SAL 305:307 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 2 10 used used 314:317 arg2 CS 280:281 CS 280:281 CS 280:281 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 2 10 used used 314:317 arg2 Chitosan 270:277 Chitosan 270:277 Chitosan (CS) 270:282 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 2 10 used used 314:317 arg2 alginate 295:302 sodium alginate 288:302 sodium alginate (SAL) 288:308 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 12 11 theme optimal 1626:1632 arg1 composite 1600:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 11 theme optimal 1626:1632 arg1 material 1646:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 12 theme repair 1639:1644 arg1 composite 1600:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 12 theme repair 1639:1644 arg1 material 1646:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 4 13 theme composite 558:566 arg1 METHODS 491:497 METHODS 491:497 METHODS Nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (n-HA/SAL/CS) composite 491:566 METHODS Nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (n-HA/SAL/CS) composite was prepared via an in situ synthesis method. 28862732 8 14 theme polymer 960:966 arg1 matrix 968:973 the polymer matrix 956:973 the polymer matrix 956:973 RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy photos revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. 28862732 11 15 theme composite 1252:1260 arg1 material 1262:1269 the composite material 1248:1269 the composite material 1248:1269 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 7 16 theme cell 800:803 arg1 cytotoxicity 805:816 cell cytotoxicity 800:816 cell cytotoxicity 800:816 In addition, the in vitro bioactivity and cell cytotoxicity were also explored. 28862732 9 17 theme Infrared 976:983 arg1 spectroscopy 988:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy 976:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy 976:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 6 18 theme citric 744:749 arg1 acid 751:754 % citric acid 742:754 % citric acid 742:754 % citric acid). 28862732 3 19 theme further 476:482 arg1 study 484:488 further study 476:488 further study 476:488 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 3 20 theme compressive 387:397 arg1 low 434:436 low 434:436 low 434:436 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 3 20 theme compressive 387:397 arg1 strength 399:406 the compressive strength 383:406 the compressive strength of the composite 383:423 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 11 21 theme good 1286:1289 arg1 bioactivity 1291:1301 reasonably good bioactivity 1275:1301 reasonably good bioactivity 1275:1301 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 1 22 theme natural 156:162 arg1 bone 164:167 natural bone 156:167 natural bone 156:167 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 0 23 theme repair 92:97 arg1 material 99:106 bone repair material 87:106 bone repair material 87:106 Preparation, bioactivity and mechanism of nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan bone repair material. 28862732 9 24 theme SAL 1051:1053 arg1 COO- 1043:1046 the COO- 1039:1046 the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS 1039:1068 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 12 25 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1588:1598 arg1 material 1646:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 25 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1588:1598 arg1 composite 1600:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 11 26 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1348:1358 arg1 biocompatible 1408:1420 biocompatible 1408:1420 biocompatible 1408:1420 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 11 26 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1348:1358 arg1 cement 1360:1365 the n-HA/SAL/CS cement 1344:1365 the n-HA/SAL/CS cement 1344:1365 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 12 27 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1459:1469 arg1 strength 1447:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength 1423:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS 1423:1469 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 9 28 theme CS 1067:1068 arg1 NH2- 1059:1062 NH2- 1059:1062 NH2- 1059:1062 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 9 28 theme CS 1067:1068 arg1 SAL 1051:1053 SAL 1051:1053 SAL 1051:1053 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 10 29 theme compressive 1075:1085 arg1 MPa 1136:1138 34.3 MPa 1131:1138 34.3 MPa 1131:1138 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 10 29 theme compressive 1075:1085 arg1 strength 1087:1094 The compressive strength 1071:1094 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1071:1125 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 5 30 theme repair 669:674 arg1 material 676:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 7 31 theme in 775:776 arg1 bioactivity 784:794 the in vitro bioactivity 771:794 the in vitro bioactivity 771:794 In addition, the in vitro bioactivity and cell cytotoxicity were also explored. 28862732 4 32 theme synthesis 596:604 arg1 method 606:611 an in situ synthesis method 585:611 an in situ synthesis method 585:611 METHODS Nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (n-HA/SAL/CS) composite was prepared via an in situ synthesis method. 28862732 12 33 dep in 1517:1518 arg1 vitro 1520:1524 vitro 1520:1524 vitro 1520:1524 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 1 34 theme major 127:131 arg1 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) 170:195 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 1 34 theme major 127:131 arg1 component 143:151 the major inorganic component 123:151 the major inorganic component of natural bone 123:167 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 8 35 theme electron 859:866 arg1 microscopy 868:877 Transmission electron microscopy photos 846:884 Transmission electron microscopy photos 846:884 RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy photos revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. 28862732 3 36 theme composite 415:423 arg1 low 434:436 low 434:436 low 434:436 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 3 36 theme composite 415:423 arg1 strength 399:406 the compressive strength 383:406 the compressive strength of the composite 383:423 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 11 37 theme cytotoxicity 1310:1321 arg1 tests 1323:1327 cytotoxicity tests 1310:1327 cytotoxicity tests 1310:1327 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 12 38 theme bone 1634:1637 arg1 composite 1600:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 the n-HA/SAL/CS composite 1584:1608 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 38 theme bone 1634:1637 arg1 material 1646:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 an optimal bone repair material 1623:1653 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 10 39 theme weight-bearing 1167:1180 arg1 bones 1182:1186 weight-bearing bones 1167:1186 weight-bearing bones 1167:1186 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 12 40 theme tests 1555:1559 arg1 results 1561:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 8 41 theme Transmission 846:857 arg1 microscopy 868:877 Transmission electron microscopy photos 846:884 Transmission electron microscopy photos 846:884 RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy photos revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. 28862732 10 42 theme bone 1115:1118 arg1 cement 1120:1125 the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1099:1125 the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1099:1125 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 12 43 theme cancellous 1496:1505 arg1 bone 1507:1510 cancellous bone 1496:1510 cancellous bone 1496:1510 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 12 44 theme cytotoxicity 1542:1553 arg1 tests 1555:1559 cytotoxicity tests 1542:1559 cytotoxicity tests 1542:1559 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 10 45 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 1103:1113 arg1 cement 1120:1125 the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1099:1125 the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1099:1125 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 5 46 theme liquid 728:733 arg1 wt 739:740 a curing liquid (20 wt 719:740 a curing liquid (20 wt 719:740 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 1 47 theme inorganic 133:141 arg1 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) 170:195 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 1 47 theme inorganic 133:141 arg1 component 143:151 the major inorganic component 123:151 the major inorganic component of natural bone 123:167 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 0 48 theme nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium 42:67 arg1 bioactivity 13:23 bioactivity 13:23 bioactivity 13:23 Preparation, bioactivity and mechanism of nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan bone repair material. 28862732 0 48 theme nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium 42:67 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation, bioactivity and mechanism of nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan bone repair material. 28862732 0 48 theme nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium 42:67 arg1 mechanism 29:37 mechanism 29:37 mechanism 29:37 Preparation, bioactivity and mechanism of nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan bone repair material. 28862732 5 49 theme n-HA/SAL/CS 639:649 arg1 material 676:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 4 50 dep in 588:589 arg1 situ 591:594 situ 591:594 situ 591:594 METHODS Nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (n-HA/SAL/CS) composite was prepared via an in situ synthesis method. 28862732 9 51 theme IR 985:986 arg1 spectroscopy 988:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy 976:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy 976:999 Infrared IR spectroscopy indicated that the HA interacted with the COO- of SAL and NH2- of CS. 28862732 5 52 theme self-setting 651:662 arg1 material 676:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material 635:683 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 1 53 theme bone 164:167 arg1 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite 170:188 nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) 170:195 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 1 53 theme bone 164:167 arg1 component 143:151 the major inorganic component 123:151 the major inorganic component of natural bone 123:167 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 12 54 theme Compressive 1435:1445 arg1 strength 1447:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength 1423:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS 1423:1469 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 10 55 theme bones 1182:1186 arg1 demands 1156:1162 the demands 1152:1162 the demands of weight-bearing bones 1152:1186 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 12 56 theme bioactivity 1526:1536 arg1 results 1561:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results 1517:1567 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 1 57 from use 226:228 arg1 repair 238:243 bone repair 233:243 bone repair 233:243 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 12 58 dep the 1483:1485 arg1 needs 1487:1491 needs 1487:1491 needs 1487:1491 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 11 59 contain had 1271:1273 arg2 bioactivity 1291:1301 reasonably good bioactivity 1275:1301 reasonably good bioactivity 1275:1301 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 11 59 contain had 1271:1273 arg1 material 1262:1269 the composite material 1248:1269 the composite material 1248:1269 Soaking in vitro in simulated body fluid demonstrated that the composite material had reasonably good bioactivity, while cytotoxicity tests indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS cement could promote cell proliferation and was biocompatible. 28862732 8 60 theme n-HA 904:907 arg1 crystals 909:916 the n-HA crystals 900:916 the n-HA crystals 900:916 RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy photos revealed that the n-HA crystals were uniformly distributed throughout the polymer matrix. 28862732 2 61 theme sodium 288:293 arg1 SAL 305:307 SAL 305:307 SAL 305:307 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 2 61 theme sodium 288:293 arg1 alginate 295:302 sodium alginate 288:302 sodium alginate (SAL) 288:308 Chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SAL) are used to reduce its brittleness and tendency to degradation. 28862732 1 62 from BACKGROUND 109:118 arg1 own 204:206 own 204:206 own 204:206 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 28862732 5 63 theme curing 721:726 arg1 wt 739:740 a curing liquid (20 wt 719:740 a curing liquid (20 wt 719:740 Further, we prepared the n-HA/SAL/CS self-setting bone repair material by mixing n-HA/SAL/CS powder with a curing liquid (20 wt. 28862732 3 64 theme biological 447:456 arg1 performance 458:468 its biological performance 443:468 its biological performance 443:468 However, the compressive strength of the composite is still low, and its biological performance needs further study. 28862732 4 65 theme in 588:589 arg1 method 606:611 an in situ synthesis method 585:611 an in situ synthesis method 585:611 METHODS Nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (n-HA/SAL/CS) composite was prepared via an in situ synthesis method. 28862732 0 66 theme bone 87:90 arg1 material 99:106 bone repair material 87:106 bone repair material 87:106 Preparation, bioactivity and mechanism of nano-hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan bone repair material. 28862732 12 67 theme CONCLUSIONS 1423:1433 arg1 strength 1447:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength 1423:1454 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS 1423:1469 CONCLUSIONS Compressive strength of n-HA/SAL/CS can satisfy the needs of cancellous bone, and in vitro bioactivity and cytotoxicity tests results indicated that the n-HA/SAL/CS composite could act as an optimal bone repair material. 28862732 10 68 theme cement 1120:1125 arg1 MPa 1136:1138 34.3 MPa 1131:1138 34.3 MPa 1131:1138 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 10 68 theme cement 1120:1125 arg1 strength 1087:1094 The compressive strength 1071:1094 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement 1071:1125 The compressive strength of the n-HA/SAL/CS bone cement was 34.3 MPa and matched the demands of weight-bearing bones. 28862732 1 69 theme bone 233:236 arg1 repair 238:243 bone repair 233:243 bone repair 233:243 BACKGROUND As the major inorganic component of natural bone, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on its own is limited in its use in bone repair, due to its brittleness. 31177544 1 0 theme improved 315:322 arg1 yield 329:333 a greatly improved milk yield 305:333 a greatly improved milk yield 305:333 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 4 1 theme nutritional 859:869 arg1 components 871:880 these nutritional components 853:880 these nutritional components 853:880 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 1 2 theme local 139:143 arg1 animals 179:185 draft animals 173:185 draft animals 173:185 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 2 theme local 139:143 arg1 buffalos 145:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 5 3 theme 15th 1040:1043 arg1 day 1045:1047 the 15th day 1036:1047 the 15th day postpartum 1036:1058 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 0 4 theme milk 63:66 arg1 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 4 theme milk 63:66 arg1 yield 16:20 milk yield 11:20 milk yield 11:20 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 1 5 theme milk 324:327 arg1 yield 329:333 a greatly improved milk yield 305:333 a greatly improved milk yield 305:333 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 5 6 theme day 1045:1047 arg1 postpartum 1049:1058 the 15th day postpartum 1036:1058 the 15th day postpartum 1036:1058 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 6 7 theme Gel 1273:1275 arg1 electrophoresis 1277:1291 Gel electrophoresis 1273:1291 Gel electrophoresis 1273:1291 Gel electrophoresis was used to identify the protein profile with no difference found between the four breeds. 31177544 3 8 from composition 526:536 arg1 yield 495:499 yield 495:499 yield 495:499 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 7 9 theme Chinese 1568:1574 arg1 market 1582:1587 the Chinese dairy market 1564:1587 the Chinese dairy market 1564:1587 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 0 10 theme buffalo 78:84 arg1 breeds 86:91 four buffalo breeds 73:91 four buffalo breeds in China during lactation 73:117 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 11 from Changes 0:6 arg1 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 11 from Changes 0:6 arg1 yield 16:20 milk yield 11:20 milk yield 11:20 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 11 from Changes 0:6 arg1 breeds 86:91 four buffalo breeds 73:91 four buffalo breeds in China during lactation 73:117 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 7 12 theme triple-crossbred 1439:1454 arg1 buffalo 1456:1462 triple-crossbred buffalo 1439:1462 triple-crossbred buffalo 1439:1462 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 8 13 theme milk 1678:1681 arg1 use 1663:1665 better use 1656:1665 better use of buffalo milk 1656:1681 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 5 14 theme first 1209:1213 arg1 postpartum 1220:1229 the first 24 h postpartum 1205:1229 the first 24 h postpartum 1205:1229 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 8 15 theme experiment 1610:1619 arg1 results 1594:1600 The results 1590:1600 The results of this experiment 1590:1619 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 4 16 theme components 871:880 arg1 yield 844:848 the yield 840:848 the yield of these nutritional components 840:880 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 8 17 theme basic 1634:1638 arg1 data 1640:1643 basic data 1634:1643 basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk 1634:1759 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 4 18 theme ash 770:772 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 8 19 theme crossbreeding 1693:1705 arg1 programs 1707:1714 crossbreeding programs 1693:1714 crossbreeding programs 1693:1714 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 5 20 theme 24 h 1215:1218 arg1 postpartum 1220:1229 the first 24 h postpartum 1205:1229 the first 24 h postpartum 1205:1229 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 4 21 theme solids 784:789 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 6 22 with profile 1326:1332 arg1 difference 1342:1351 no difference 1339:1351 no difference found between the four breeds 1339:1381 Gel electrophoresis was used to identify the protein profile with no difference found between the four breeds. 31177544 6 23 used used 1297:1300 arg2 electrophoresis 1277:1291 Gel electrophoresis 1273:1291 Gel electrophoresis 1273:1291 Gel electrophoresis was used to identify the protein profile with no difference found between the four breeds. 31177544 3 24 theme 210-day 736:742 arg1 period 744:749 a 210-day period 734:749 a 210-day period 734:749 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 3 25 theme physicochemical 510:524 arg1 composition 526:536 the physicochemical composition 506:536 the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 506:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 7 26 theme local 1506:1510 arg1 buffalo 1520:1526 the local Chinese buffalo 1502:1526 the local Chinese buffalo 1502:1526 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 3 27 theme Murrah 549:554 arg1 milk 541:544 milk 541:544 milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 541:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 7 28 dep CONCLUSION 1384:1393 arg1 crossbreeding 1401:1413 crossbreeding 1401:1413 crossbreeding 1401:1413 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 3 29 theme 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 696:714 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 5 30 theme ash 1164:1166 arg1 content 1168:1174 ash content 1164:1174 ash content 1164:1174 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 4 31 theme protein 756:762 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 7 32 theme milk 1420:1423 arg1 higher 1468:1473 higher 1468:1473 higher 1468:1473 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 7 32 theme milk 1420:1423 arg1 production 1425:1434 the milk production 1416:1434 the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo 1416:1462 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 3 33 from changes 484:490 arg1 yield 495:499 yield 495:499 yield 495:499 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 3 34 theme milk 541:544 arg1 composition 526:536 the physicochemical composition 506:536 the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 506:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 3 34 theme milk 541:544 arg1 changes 484:490 changes 484:490 changes in yield 484:499 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 1 35 theme draft 173:177 arg1 animals 179:185 draft animals 173:185 draft animals 173:185 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 35 theme draft 173:177 arg1 buffalos 145:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 0 36 theme milk 11:14 arg1 yield 16:20 milk yield 11:20 milk yield 11:20 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 3 37 theme 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg 634:651 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 4 38 theme fat 765:767 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 2 39 theme milk 393:396 arg1 characteristics 374:388 the characteristics 370:388 the characteristics of milk produced during lactation by these crossbred buffalo 370:449 However, no studies have reported the characteristics of milk produced during lactation by these crossbred buffalo. 31177544 7 40 theme potential 1541:1549 arg1 resource 1551:1558 a potential resource 1539:1558 a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market 1539:1587 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 4 41 theme milk 930:933 arg1 yield 935:939 milk yield 930:939 milk yield 930:939 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 7 42 theme buffalo 1456:1462 arg1 higher 1468:1473 higher 1468:1473 higher 1468:1473 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 7 42 theme buffalo 1456:1462 arg1 production 1425:1434 the milk production 1416:1434 the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo 1416:1462 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 5 43 theme first 1146:1150 arg1 days 1158:1161 the first three days 1142:1161 the first three days 1142:1161 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 3 44 theme milk 619:622 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 5 45 theme protein 1065:1071 arg1 content 1073:1079 the protein content 1061:1079 the protein content 1061:1079 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 7 46 theme dairy 1576:1580 arg1 market 1582:1587 the Chinese dairy market 1564:1587 the Chinese dairy market 1564:1587 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 9 47 theme Chemical 1780:1787 arg1 Industry 1789:1796 Chemical Industry 1780:1796 Chemical Industry 1780:1796 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 31177544 0 48 theme colostrum 41:49 arg1 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 48 theme colostrum 41:49 arg1 yield 16:20 milk yield 11:20 milk yield 11:20 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 6 49 theme protein 1318:1324 arg1 profile 1326:1332 the protein profile 1314:1332 the protein profile with no difference found between the four breeds 1314:1381 Gel electrophoresis was used to identify the protein profile with no difference found between the four breeds. 31177544 4 50 from improvement 915:925 arg1 yield 935:939 milk yield 930:939 milk yield 930:939 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 5 51 theme lactose 967:973 arg1 content 975:981 lactose content 967:981 lactose content 967:981 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 5 52 theme fat 1099:1101 arg1 content 1103:1109 fat content 1099:1109 fat content 1099:1109 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 2 53 theme crossbred 433:441 arg1 buffalo 443:449 these crossbred buffalo 427:449 these crossbred buffalo 427:449 However, no studies have reported the characteristics of milk produced during lactation by these crossbred buffalo. 31177544 3 54 theme 805.46 ± 76.57 kg 674:690 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 1 55 dep Murrah 250:255 arg1 breeds 271:276 breeds 271:276 breeds 271:276 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 4 56 from hybrids 817:823 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 4 57 theme milk 803:806 arg1 contents 791:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents 752:798 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids 752:823 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 4 58 theme greater 907:913 arg1 improvement 915:925 the greater improvement 903:925 the greater improvement in milk yield 903:939 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 0 59 from breeds 86:91 arg1 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 composition 26:36 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 59 from breeds 86:91 arg1 Changes 0:6 Changes 0:6 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 0:118 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 59 from breeds 86:91 arg1 yield 16:20 milk yield 11:20 milk yield 11:20 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 0 59 from breeds 86:91 arg1 China 96:100 China 96:100 China 96:100 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 1 60 with crossbreeding 231:243 arg1 Nili-Ravi 261:269 Nili-Ravi 261:269 Nili-Ravi 261:269 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 60 with crossbreeding 231:243 arg1 Murrah 250:255 Murrah 250:255 Murrah 250:255 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 4 61 theme total 778:782 arg1 solids 784:789 total solids 778:789 total solids 778:789 The protein, fat, ash and total solids contents of milk from the hybrids decreased, but the yield of these nutritional components increased because of the greater improvement in milk yield. 31177544 3 62 theme 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg 654:671 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 1 63 used used 165:168 arg2 buffalos 145:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 63 used used 165:168 arg2 animals 179:185 draft animals 173:185 draft animals 173:185 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 8 64 theme buffalo 1748:1754 arg1 milk 1756:1759 buffalo milk 1748:1759 buffalo milk 1748:1759 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 1 65 theme low 204:206 arg1 productivity 208:219 their low productivity 198:219 their low productivity 198:219 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 0 66 theme regular 55:61 arg1 milk 63:66 regular milk 55:66 regular milk 55:66 Changes in milk yield and composition of colostrum and regular milk from four buffalo breeds in China during lactation. 31177544 7 67 theme Chinese 1512:1518 arg1 buffalo 1520:1526 the local Chinese buffalo 1502:1526 the local Chinese buffalo 1502:1526 CONCLUSION After crossbreeding, the milk production of triple-crossbred buffalo was higher than Murrah, Nili-Ravi and the local Chinese buffalo, making it a potential resource for the Chinese dairy market. 31177544 3 68 theme Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local 582:603 arg1 buffalos 605:612 Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos 582:612 Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 582:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 3 68 theme Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local 582:603 arg1 Murrah 549:554 Murrah 549:554 Murrah 549:554 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 1 69 theme BACKGROUND 120:129 arg1 animals 179:185 draft animals 173:185 draft animals 173:185 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 69 theme BACKGROUND 120:129 arg1 buffalos 145:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 8 70 theme better 1656:1661 arg1 use 1663:1665 better use 1656:1665 better use of buffalo milk 1656:1681 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31177544 5 71 theme further 1235:1241 arg1 changes 1243:1249 further changes 1235:1249 further changes 1235:1249 As lactation progressed, lactose content increased, but this change was not significant after the 15th day postpartum; the protein content decreased whereas fat content increased significantly during the first three days; ash content changed significantly during the first 24 h postpartum but further changes were not significant. 31177544 3 72 with buffalos 605:612 arg1 yields 624:629 milk yields 619:629 milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg 619:714 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 3 73 dep RESULTS 452:458 arg1 investigated 471:482 investigated 471:482 investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period 471:749 RESULTS This study investigated changes in yield, and the physicochemical composition of milk of Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Murrah×local, Murrah×Nili-Ravi×local buffalos with milk yields of 1022.49 ± 90.26 kg, 1193.02 ± 97.65 kg, 805.46 ± 76.57 kg and 1499.35 ± 105.32 kg respectively over a 210-day period. 31177544 1 74 theme Chinese 131:137 arg1 animals 179:185 draft animals 173:185 draft animals 173:185 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 1 74 theme Chinese 131:137 arg1 buffalos 145:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos 120:152 BACKGROUND Chinese local buffalos are mainly used as draft animals because of their low productivity but their crossbreeding with Murrah and Nili-Ravi breeds can produce offspring with a greatly improved milk yield. 31177544 8 75 theme buffalo 1670:1676 arg1 milk 1678:1681 buffalo milk 1670:1681 buffalo milk 1670:1681 The results of this experiment will provide basic data for making better use of buffalo milk, planning crossbreeding programs, and establishing standards for buffalo milk. 31586111 3 0 theme modification 301:312 arg1 mechanism 279:287 While mechanism 273:287 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw 273:328 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw has rarely been reported. 31586111 8 1 theme contents 1030:1037 arg1 increase 1018:1025 the increase 1014:1025 the increase of contents of C and H in ERS 1014:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 6 2 theme alkali 580:585 arg1 straw 600:604 The alkali treated rice straw 576:604 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS) 576:610 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 2 theme alkali 580:585 arg1 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 2 theme alkali 580:585 arg1 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 0 3 theme Alkaline 75:82 arg1 Medium 84:89 Alkaline Medium 75:89 Alkaline Medium 75:89 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 8 4 from ERS 1053:1055 arg1 contents 1030:1037 contents 1030:1037 contents of C and H in ERS 1030:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 10 5 theme groups 1299:1304 arg1 number 1280:1285 The number 1276:1285 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS 1276:1311 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 10 6 from number 1280:1285 arg1 ERS 1309:1311 ERS 1309:1311 ERS 1309:1311 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 8 7 theme C 1042:1042 arg1 contents 1030:1037 contents 1030:1037 contents of C and H in ERS 1030:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 7 8 theme neutral 861:867 arg1 analysis 875:882 neutral sugar analysis 861:882 neutral sugar analysis 861:882 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 9 9 theme hydroxyl 1159:1166 arg1 groups 1168:1173 two hydroxyl groups 1155:1173 two hydroxyl groups 1155:1173 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 7 10 theme elemental 838:846 arg1 analysis 848:855 elemental analysis 838:855 elemental analysis 838:855 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 2 11 theme WPCs 267:270 arg1 preparation 225:235 preparation 225:235 preparation 225:235 Studies have been focused on preparation and mechanical performance of WPCs. 31586111 2 11 theme WPCs 267:270 arg1 performance 252:262 mechanical performance 241:262 mechanical performance 241:262 Studies have been focused on preparation and mechanical performance of WPCs. 31586111 9 12 theme last 1265:1268 arg1 step 1270:1273 the last step 1261:1273 the last step 1261:1273 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 8 13 theme H 1048:1048 arg1 contents 1030:1037 contents 1030:1037 contents of C and H in ERS 1030:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 4 14 theme rice 377:380 arg1 straw 382:386 rice straw 377:386 rice straw 377:386 In the present work, rice straw was etherified with epichlorohydrin (EPI) and the mechanism of etherification was investigated. 31586111 4 15 theme etherification 451:464 arg1 mechanism 438:446 the mechanism 434:446 the mechanism of etherification 434:464 In the present work, rice straw was etherified with epichlorohydrin (EPI) and the mechanism of etherification was investigated. 31586111 6 16 with toluene 702:708 arg1 NaOH 715:718 NaOH 715:718 NaOH 715:718 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 9 17 theme etherification 1062:1075 arg1 process 1077:1083 The etherification process 1058:1083 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium 1058:1109 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 10 18 from ERS 1309:1311 arg1 number 1280:1285 The number 1276:1285 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS 1276:1311 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 7 19 theme rice 757:760 arg1 straw 762:766 etherified rice straw 746:766 etherified rice straw 746:766 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 10 20 theme hydroxyl 1290:1297 arg1 groups 1299:1304 hydroxyl groups 1290:1304 hydroxyl groups in ERS 1290:1311 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 8 21 theme etherification 889:902 arg1 reaction 904:911 The etherification reaction 885:911 The etherification reaction 885:911 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 5 22 theme Natural 484:490 arg1 NRS 504:506 NRS 504:506 NRS 504:506 Natural rice straw (NRS) was pretreated with NaOH to move most of hemicellulose and lignin. 31586111 5 22 theme Natural 484:490 arg1 straw 497:501 Natural rice straw 484:501 Natural rice straw (NRS) 484:507 Natural rice straw (NRS) was pretreated with NaOH to move most of hemicellulose and lignin. 31586111 0 23 theme Reaction 0:7 arg1 Mechanism 9:17 Reaction Mechanism 0:17 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 0:90 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 8 24 theme cellulose 992:1000 arg1 structure 979:987 the structure 975:987 the structure of cellulose 975:1000 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 4 25 theme present 363:369 arg1 work 371:374 the present work 359:374 the present work 359:374 In the present work, rice straw was etherified with epichlorohydrin (EPI) and the mechanism of etherification was investigated. 31586111 1 26 theme Wood 92:95 arg1 WPCs 117:120 WPCs 117:120 WPCs 117:120 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 1 26 theme Wood 92:95 arg1 composites 105:114 Wood plastic composites 92:114 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics 92:157 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 6 27 theme dominant 619:626 arg1 component 628:636 component 628:636 component 628:636 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 1 28 theme more 171:174 arg1 attention 185:193 more and more attention 171:193 more and more attention 171:193 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 0 29 theme Etherification 22:35 arg1 Mechanism 9:17 Reaction Mechanism 0:17 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 0:90 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 7 30 theme solid 816:820 arg1 13C-NMR 829:835 solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR 816:835 solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR 816:835 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 7 31 theme CP/MAS 822:827 arg1 13C-NMR 829:835 solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR 816:835 solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR 816:835 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 1 32 theme plastic 97:103 arg1 WPCs 117:120 WPCs 117:120 WPCs 117:120 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 1 32 theme plastic 97:103 arg1 composites 105:114 Wood plastic composites 92:114 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics 92:157 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 7 33 theme etherified 746:755 arg1 straw 762:766 etherified rice straw 746:766 etherified rice straw 746:766 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 9 34 theme ether 1196:1200 arg1 bonds 1202:1206 two ether bonds 1192:1206 two ether bonds successively 1192:1219 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 8 35 from contents 1030:1037 arg1 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 10 36 theme ERS 1361:1363 arg1 hydrophilicity 1343:1356 hydrophilicity 1343:1356 hydrophilicity of ERS 1343:1363 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 1 37 theme more 180:183 arg1 attention 185:193 more and more attention 171:193 more and more attention 171:193 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 0 38 theme Rice 40:43 arg1 Straw 45:49 Rice Straw 40:49 Rice Straw 40:49 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 9 39 theme alkaline 1095:1102 arg1 medium 1104:1109 alkaline medium 1095:1109 alkaline medium 1095:1109 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 0 40 with Etherification 22:35 arg1 Epichlorohydrin 56:70 Epichlorohydrin 56:70 Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium 56:89 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 10 41 from groups 1299:1304 arg1 ERS 1309:1311 ERS 1309:1311 ERS 1309:1311 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 10 42 theme hydrophilicity 1343:1356 arg1 reduction 1330:1338 reduction 1330:1338 reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS 1330:1363 The number of hydroxyl groups in ERS was reduced, and reduction of hydrophilicity of ERS could be expected. 31586111 0 43 from Epichlorohydrin 56:70 arg1 Medium 84:89 Alkaline Medium 75:89 Alkaline Medium 75:89 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 0 44 theme Straw 45:49 arg1 Etherification 22:35 Etherification 22:35 Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium 22:89 Reaction Mechanism of Etherification of Rice Straw with Epichlorohydrin in Alkaline Medium. 31586111 3 45 theme chemical 292:299 arg1 modification 301:312 chemical modification 292:312 chemical modification of cereal straw 292:328 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw has rarely been reported. 31586111 8 46 from H 1048:1048 arg1 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 8 47 theme C3H6O 942:946 arg1 units 948:952 C3H6O units 942:952 C3H6O units 942:952 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 9 48 theme ARS 1088:1090 arg1 process 1077:1083 The etherification process 1058:1083 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium 1058:1109 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 3 49 theme While 273:277 arg1 mechanism 279:287 While mechanism 273:287 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw 273:328 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw has rarely been reported. 31586111 2 50 theme mechanical 241:250 arg1 performance 252:262 mechanical performance 241:262 mechanical performance 241:262 Studies have been focused on preparation and mechanical performance of WPCs. 31586111 9 51 theme new 1228:1230 arg1 group 1241:1245 a new hydroxyl group 1226:1245 a new hydroxyl group 1226:1245 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 8 52 from C 1042:1042 arg1 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 ERS 1053:1055 The etherification reaction was finished within 5 h, and C3H6O units were introduced into the structure of cellulose, leading to the increase of contents of C and H in ERS. 31586111 5 53 theme rice 492:495 arg1 NRS 504:506 NRS 504:506 NRS 504:506 Natural rice straw (NRS) was pretreated with NaOH to move most of hemicellulose and lignin. 31586111 5 53 theme rice 492:495 arg1 straw 497:501 Natural rice straw 484:501 Natural rice straw (NRS) 484:507 Natural rice straw (NRS) was pretreated with NaOH to move most of hemicellulose and lignin. 31586111 9 54 from process 1077:1083 arg1 medium 1104:1109 alkaline medium 1095:1109 alkaline medium 1095:1109 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 9 55 theme hydroxyl 1232:1239 arg1 group 1241:1245 a new hydroxyl group 1226:1245 a new hydroxyl group 1226:1245 The etherification process of ARS in alkaline medium was divided into three stages, during which two hydroxyl groups were replaced by two ether bonds successively, and a new hydroxyl group was formed in the last step. 31586111 3 56 theme cereal 317:322 arg1 straw 324:328 cereal straw 317:328 cereal straw 317:328 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw has rarely been reported. 31586111 6 57 theme rice 595:598 arg1 straw 600:604 The alkali treated rice straw 576:604 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS) 576:610 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 57 theme rice 595:598 arg1 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 57 theme rice 595:598 arg1 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 3 58 theme straw 324:328 arg1 modification 301:312 chemical modification 292:312 chemical modification of cereal straw 292:328 While mechanism of chemical modification of cereal straw has rarely been reported. 31586111 7 59 theme sugar 869:873 arg1 analysis 875:882 neutral sugar analysis 861:882 neutral sugar analysis 861:882 NRS, ARS and etherified rice straw (ERS) were characterized and analyzed by FT-IR, solid CP/MAS 13C-NMR, elemental analysis and neutral sugar analysis. 31586111 1 60 theme plant 133:137 arg1 fibres 139:144 plant fibres 133:144 plant fibres 133:144 Wood plastic composites (WPCs) made from plant fibres and plastics have gained more and more attention. 31586111 6 61 theme treated 587:593 arg1 straw 600:604 The alkali treated rice straw 576:604 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS) 576:610 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 61 theme treated 587:593 arg1 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 catalyst 723:730 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 31586111 6 61 theme treated 587:593 arg1 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 ARS 607:609 The alkali treated rice straw (ARS), whose dominant component being cellulose, was etherified with EPI at 120 °C for 1-8 h in toluene with NaOH as catalyst. 30521923 0 0 theme exopolysaccharides 90:107 arg1 optimization 19:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 0 theme exopolysaccharides 90:107 arg1 characterization 44:59 structural characterization 33:59 structural characterization 33:59 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 0 theme exopolysaccharides 90:107 arg1 activity 78:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 1 from optimization 19:30 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 5 2 with GLEPS 1092:1096 arg1 carbohydrate 1110:1121 higher carbohydrate 1103:1121 higher carbohydrate 1103:1121 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 5 2 with GLEPS 1092:1096 arg1 contents 1139:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 1 3 theme effective 178:186 arg1 exploitation 188:199 effective exploitation 178:199 effective exploitation 178:199 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 6 4 theme functional 1523:1532 arg1 food 1534:1537 functional food 1523:1537 functional food 1523:1537 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 2 5 theme steepest 509:516 arg1 ascent 518:523 steepest ascent 509:523 steepest ascent 509:523 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 1 6 theme medicinal 375:383 arg1 lingzhi 404:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 371:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 371:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 6 theme medicinal 375:383 arg1 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 2 7 theme ascent 518:523 arg1 design 542:547 Box-Behnken design 530:547 Box-Behnken design 530:547 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 2 7 theme ascent 518:523 arg1 path 501:504 path 501:504 path of steepest ascent 501:523 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 2 7 theme ascent 518:523 arg1 design 493:498 Plackett-Burman design 477:498 Plackett-Burman design 477:498 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 4 8 from acid 928:931 arg1 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 5 9 theme uronic 1127:1132 arg1 contents 1139:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 2 10 theme Box-Behnken 530:540 arg1 design 542:547 Box-Behnken design 530:547 Box-Behnken design 530:547 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 1 11 theme mushroom 385:392 arg1 lingzhi 404:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 371:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 371:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 11 theme mushroom 385:392 arg1 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 5 12 dep in 1165:1166 arg1 vitro 1168:1172 vitro 1168:1172 vitro 1168:1172 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 5 13 theme acid 1134:1137 arg1 contents 1139:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 uronic acid contents 1127:1146 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 6 14 theme antioxidant 1444:1454 arg1 activities 1456:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 1 15 theme Ganoderma 394:402 arg1 lingzhi 404:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 371:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 371:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 15 theme Ganoderma 394:402 arg1 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 16 from production 333:342 arg1 lingzhi 404:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 371:410 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 371:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 16 from production 333:342 arg1 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 GLEPS 413:417 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 4 17 theme high-molecular 1004:1017 arg1 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 17 theme high-molecular 1004:1017 arg1 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 17 theme high-molecular 1004:1017 arg1 weights 1019:1025 high-molecular weights 1004:1025 high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%) 1004:1060 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 18 from l-rhamnose 945:954 arg1 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 0 19 theme mushroom 128:135 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 5 20 theme radical 1201:1207 arg1 scavenging 1209:1218 radical scavenging 1201:1218 radical scavenging 1201:1218 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 2 21 dep gave 464:467 arg1 8.86 g/L 778:785 8.86 g/L 778:785 8.86 g/L 778:785 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 6 22 theme natural 1500:1506 arg1 antioxidant 1508:1518 a novel natural antioxidant 1492:1518 a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine 1492:1549 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 22 theme natural 1500:1506 arg1 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 2 23 theme optimal 424:430 arg1 medium 432:437 An optimal medium 421:437 An optimal medium for GLEPS production 421:458 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 0 24 theme medicinal 118:126 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 25 from characterization 44:59 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 4 26 theme rich 913:916 arg1 heteropolysaccharide 978:997 a heteropolysaccharide 976:997 a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%) 976:1060 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 26 theme rich 913:916 arg1 GLEPS 907:911 The resulting GLEPS 893:911 The resulting GLEPS 893:911 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 6 27 theme novel 1494:1498 arg1 antioxidant 1508:1518 a novel natural antioxidant 1492:1518 a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine 1492:1549 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 27 theme novel 1494:1498 arg1 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 0 28 theme composition 7:17 arg1 optimization 19:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 5 29 theme reductive 1221:1229 arg1 capacity 1231:1238 reductive capacity 1221:1238 reductive capacity 1221:1238 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 4 30 dep 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 arg1 % 1059:1059 87.97% 1054:1059 87.97% 1054:1059 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 6 31 theme GLEPS 1410:1414 arg1 yield 1416:1420 GLEPS yield 1410:1420 GLEPS yield 1410:1420 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 0 32 theme Medium 0:5 arg1 optimization 19:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 1 33 theme natural 220:226 arg1 antioxidants 228:239 natural antioxidants 220:239 natural antioxidants 220:239 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 4 34 theme uronic 921:926 arg1 acid 928:931 uronic acid 921:931 uronic acid 921:931 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 1 35 theme medium 306:311 arg1 composition 313:323 the medium composition 302:323 the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 302:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 5 36 theme antioxidant 1174:1184 arg1 activities 1186:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 1 37 theme antioxidants 228:239 arg1 utilization 205:215 utilization 205:215 utilization of natural antioxidants 205:239 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 37 theme antioxidants 228:239 arg1 exploitation 188:199 effective exploitation 178:199 effective exploitation 178:199 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 38 from lingzhi 404:410 arg1 production 333:342 the production 329:342 the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 329:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 38 from lingzhi 404:410 arg1 exopolysaccharides 347:364 exopolysaccharides 347:364 exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 347:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 4 39 from rich 913:916 arg1 d-mannose 934:942 d-mannose 934:942 d-mannose 934:942 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 39 from rich 913:916 arg1 acid 928:931 uronic acid 921:931 uronic acid 921:931 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 39 from rich 913:916 arg1 l-rhamnose 945:954 l-rhamnose 945:954 l-rhamnose 945:954 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 39 from rich 913:916 arg1 d-glucose 961:969 d-glucose 961:969 d-glucose 961:969 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 0 40 theme Ganoderma 137:145 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 3 41 theme GLEPS 793:797 arg1 yield 799:803 The GLEPS yield 789:803 The GLEPS yield obtained 789:812 The GLEPS yield obtained was 3.57 ± 0.21 g/L-3.16-fold higher than that produced in basal medium alone. 30521923 3 41 theme GLEPS 793:797 arg1 higher 844:849 higher 844:849 higher 844:849 The GLEPS yield obtained was 3.57 ± 0.21 g/L-3.16-fold higher than that produced in basal medium alone. 30521923 2 42 theme GLEPS 443:447 arg1 production 449:458 GLEPS production 443:458 GLEPS production 443:458 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 6 43 theme medium 1379:1384 arg1 composition 1356:1366 the composition 1352:1366 the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield 1352:1420 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 1 44 theme response 242:249 arg1 RSM 272:274 RSM 272:274 RSM 272:274 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 44 theme response 242:249 arg1 methodology 259:269 response surface methodology 242:269 response surface methodology (RSM) 242:275 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 0 45 theme structural 33:42 arg1 characterization 44:59 structural characterization 33:59 structural characterization 33:59 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 6 46 contain had 1433:1435 arg1 antioxidant 1508:1518 a novel natural antioxidant 1492:1518 a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine 1492:1549 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 46 contain had 1433:1435 arg1 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 GLEPS 1427:1431 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 46 contain had 1433:1435 arg2 activities 1456:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 0 47 from activity 78:85 arg1 lingzhi 147:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 114:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 1 48 theme surface 251:257 arg1 RSM 272:274 RSM 272:274 RSM 272:274 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 1 48 theme surface 251:257 arg1 methodology 259:269 response surface methodology 242:269 response surface methodology (RSM) 242:275 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 4 49 theme resulting 897:905 arg1 heteropolysaccharide 978:997 a heteropolysaccharide 976:997 a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%) 976:1060 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 49 theme resulting 897:905 arg1 GLEPS 907:911 The resulting GLEPS 893:911 The resulting GLEPS 893:911 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 50 with heteropolysaccharide 978:997 arg1 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 21.6 kDa 1044:1051 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 50 with heteropolysaccharide 978:997 arg1 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 475,000 kDa 1028:1038 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 50 with heteropolysaccharide 978:997 arg1 weights 1019:1025 high-molecular weights 1004:1025 high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%) 1004:1060 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 4 51 from d-glucose 961:969 arg1 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 2 52 theme yeast 582:586 arg1 10.03 g/L 597:605 10.03 g/L 597:605 10.03 g/L 597:605 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 2 52 theme yeast 582:586 arg1 extract 588:594 yeast extract 582:594 yeast extract (10.03 g/L) 582:606 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 5 53 theme metal 1269:1273 arg1 catalysis 1275:1283 transition metal catalysis 1258:1283 transition metal catalysis 1258:1283 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 6 54 theme culture 1371:1377 arg1 medium 1379:1384 culture medium 1371:1384 culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield 1371:1420 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 1 55 theme exopolysaccharides 347:364 arg1 production 333:342 the production 329:342 the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS) 329:418 To contribute towards effective exploitation and utilization of natural antioxidants, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the medium composition for the production of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi (GLEPS). 30521923 5 56 theme catalysis 1275:1283 arg1 scavenging 1209:1218 radical scavenging 1201:1218 radical scavenging 1201:1218 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 5 56 theme catalysis 1275:1283 arg1 capacity 1231:1238 reductive capacity 1221:1238 reductive capacity 1221:1238 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 5 56 theme catalysis 1275:1283 arg1 chelation 1245:1253 chelation 1245:1253 chelation of transition metal catalysis 1245:1283 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 3 57 theme basal 873:877 arg1 medium 879:884 basal medium 873:884 basal medium alone 873:890 The GLEPS yield obtained was 3.57 ± 0.21 g/L-3.16-fold higher than that produced in basal medium alone. 30521923 4 58 from d-mannose 934:942 arg1 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 rich 913:916 The resulting GLEPS rich in uronic acid, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose, was a heteropolysaccharide with high-molecular weights (475,000 kDa and 21.6 kDa, 87.97%). 30521923 5 59 theme strong 1158:1163 arg1 activities 1186:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 6 60 theme efficient 1326:1334 arg1 RSM 1316:1318 RSM 1316:1318 RSM 1316:1318 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 60 theme efficient 1326:1334 arg1 tool 1336:1339 an efficient tool 1323:1339 an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield 1323:1420 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 61 theme potent 1437:1442 arg1 activities 1456:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 potent antioxidant activities 1437:1465 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 5 62 theme in 1165:1166 arg1 activities 1186:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 strong in vitro antioxidant activities 1158:1195 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30521923 0 63 from lingzhi 147:153 arg1 optimization 19:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization 0:30 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 63 from lingzhi 147:153 arg1 characterization 44:59 structural characterization 33:59 structural characterization 33:59 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 63 from lingzhi 147:153 arg1 exopolysaccharides 90:107 exopolysaccharides 90:107 exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi 90:153 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 63 from lingzhi 147:153 arg1 activity 78:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 0 64 theme antioxidant 66:76 arg1 activity 78:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 antioxidant activity 66:85 Medium composition optimization, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lingzhi. 30521923 6 65 from antioxidant 1508:1518 arg1 medicine 1542:1549 medicine 1542:1549 medicine 1542:1549 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 6 65 from antioxidant 1508:1518 arg1 food 1534:1537 functional food 1523:1537 functional food 1523:1537 These findings indicated that RSM is an efficient tool to predict the composition of culture medium required for maximizing GLEPS yield, and GLEPS had potent antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel natural antioxidant in functional food or medicine. 30521923 2 66 theme Plackett-Burman 477:491 arg1 design 493:498 Plackett-Burman design 477:498 Plackett-Burman design 477:498 An optimal medium for GLEPS production was gave through Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent, and Box-Behnken design as follows: glucose (59.62 g/L), yeast extract (10.03 g/L), CaCO3 (0.2 g/L), thiamine (45.13 mg/L), KH2PO4 (1.0 g/L), peptone (1.5 g/L), Tween 80 (10.26 mL/L), ZnSO4 (0.3 g/L), mannitol (1.5 g/L), MgSO4 (0.5 g/L), and aspartate (8.86 g/L). 30521923 5 67 theme higher 1103:1108 arg1 carbohydrate 1110:1121 higher carbohydrate 1103:1121 higher carbohydrate 1103:1121 It was demonstrated that the GLEPS with higher carbohydrate and uronic acid contents exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activities via radical scavenging, reductive capacity, and chelation of transition metal catalysis. 30832843 9 0 theme hygiene 1071:1077 arg1 products 1079:1086 hygiene products 1071:1086 hygiene products 1071:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 6 1 theme cellulose 732:740 arg1 type 742:745 cellulose type I 732:747 cellulose type I structure 732:757 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 1 2 theme occurring 151:159 arg1 materials 177:185 naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials 141:185 naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials 141:185 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 1 3 from considerations 75:88 arg1 times 100:104 recent times 93:104 recent times 93:104 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 6 4 theme % 811:811 arg1 index 778:782 crystallinity index 764:782 crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material 764:837 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 1 5 theme lignocellulosic 161:175 arg1 materials 177:185 naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials 141:185 naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials 141:185 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 3 6 theme raw 339:341 arg1 stalk 343:347 raw stalk 339:347 raw stalk of PM 339:353 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 9 7 theme cellulose 1034:1042 arg1 source 1024:1029 an indigenous source 1010:1029 an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products 1010:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 9 7 theme cellulose 1034:1042 arg1 stalks 988:993 PM stalks 985:993 PM stalks 985:993 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 9 8 used used 1002:1005 arg2 source 1024:1029 an indigenous source 1010:1029 an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products 1010:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 9 8 used used 1002:1005 arg2 stalks 988:993 PM stalks 985:993 PM stalks 985:993 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 1 9 theme Environmental 61:73 arg1 considerations 75:88 Environmental considerations 61:88 Environmental considerations in recent times 61:104 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 8 10 dep 200 °C 948:953 arg1 up 942:943 up 942:943 up 942:943 Material was thermally stable up to 200 °C. 30832843 6 11 theme raw 795:797 arg1 stalk 799:803 raw stalk 795:803 raw stalk 795:803 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 9 12 theme absorbent 1052:1060 arg1 layer 1062:1066 the absorbent layer 1048:1066 the absorbent layer in hygiene products 1048:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 3 13 theme moisture 425:432 arg1 content 434:440 moisture content 425:440 moisture content 425:440 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 2 14 theme agrowaste 302:310 arg1 generation 312:321 agrowaste generation 302:321 agrowaste generation 302:321 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks are currently discarded in North India and add to agrowaste generation. 30832843 7 15 theme Water 840:844 arg1 absorbency 846:855 Water absorbency 840:855 Water absorbency 840:855 Water absorbency was 10 g/g for raw and 13 g/g for extracted cellulose. 30832843 5 16 theme optimised 646:654 arg1 process 656:662 an optimised process 643:662 an optimised process 643:662 Pure cellulose, extracted from the stalk using an optimised process, was characterised similarly. 30832843 5 17 theme Pure 596:599 arg1 cellulose 601:609 Pure cellulose 596:609 Pure cellulose 596:609 Pure cellulose, extracted from the stalk using an optimised process, was characterised similarly. 30832843 1 18 theme recent 93:98 arg1 times 100:104 recent times 93:104 recent times 93:104 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 0 19 theme Millet 26:31 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) 0:52 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) waste. 30832843 6 20 theme % 789:789 arg1 index 778:782 crystallinity index 764:782 crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material 764:837 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 6 21 theme XRD 694:696 arg1 patterns 698:705 XRD patterns 694:705 XRD patterns 694:705 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 3 22 theme water 443:447 arg1 absorbency 449:458 water absorbency 443:458 water absorbency 443:458 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 3 23 theme PM 352:353 arg1 stalk 343:347 raw stalk 339:347 raw stalk of PM 339:353 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 0 24 dep waste 54:58 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) 0:52 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) waste. 30832843 4 25 theme X-ray 564:568 arg1 diffraction 570:580 X-ray diffraction 564:580 X-ray diffraction 564:580 Morphology and crystallinity were studied using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction respectively. 30832843 0 26 theme Pearl 20:24 arg1 Millet 26:31 Pearl Millet 20:31 Pearl Millet 20:31 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) waste. 30832843 9 27 theme PM 985:986 arg1 source 1024:1029 an indigenous source 1010:1029 an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products 1010:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 9 27 theme PM 985:986 arg1 stalks 988:993 PM stalks 985:993 PM stalks 985:993 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 2 28 theme Millet 233:238 arg1 stalks 245:250 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks 227:250 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks 227:250 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks are currently discarded in North India and add to agrowaste generation. 30832843 3 29 theme physicochemical 377:391 arg1 behaviour 472:480 thermal behaviour 464:480 thermal behaviour 464:480 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 3 29 theme physicochemical 377:391 arg1 properties 393:402 physicochemical properties 377:402 physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour 377:480 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 3 29 theme physicochemical 377:391 arg1 composition 412:422 composition 412:422 composition 412:422 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 3 29 theme physicochemical 377:391 arg1 content 434:440 moisture content 425:440 moisture content 425:440 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 3 29 theme physicochemical 377:391 arg1 absorbency 449:458 water absorbency 443:458 water absorbency 443:458 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 4 30 theme electron 540:547 arg1 microscope 549:558 scanning electron microscope 531:558 scanning electron microscope 531:558 Morphology and crystallinity were studied using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction respectively. 30832843 2 31 theme Pearl 227:231 arg1 PM 241:242 PM 241:242 PM 241:242 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks are currently discarded in North India and add to agrowaste generation. 30832843 2 31 theme Pearl 227:231 arg1 Millet 233:238 Pearl Millet 227:238 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks 227:250 Pearl Millet (PM) stalks are currently discarded in North India and add to agrowaste generation. 30832843 6 32 theme crystallinity 764:776 arg1 index 778:782 crystallinity index 764:782 crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material 764:837 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 7 33 theme extracted 891:899 arg1 cellulose 901:909 extracted cellulose 891:909 extracted cellulose 891:909 Water absorbency was 10 g/g for raw and 13 g/g for extracted cellulose. 30832843 4 34 theme scanning 531:538 arg1 microscope 549:558 scanning electron microscope 531:558 scanning electron microscope 531:558 Morphology and crystallinity were studied using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction respectively. 30832843 6 35 theme purified 821:828 arg1 material 830:837 the purified material 817:837 the purified material 817:837 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 1 36 theme increasing 118:127 arg1 interest 129:136 increasing interest 118:136 increasing interest 118:136 Environmental considerations in recent times have led to increasing interest in naturally occurring lignocellulosic materials as they are abundant and biodegradable. 30832843 9 37 from layer 1062:1066 arg1 products 1079:1086 hygiene products 1071:1086 hygiene products 1071:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 6 38 theme structure 749:757 arg1 presence 720:727 the presence 716:727 the presence of cellulose type I structure 716:757 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 3 39 theme thermal 464:470 arg1 behaviour 472:480 thermal behaviour 464:480 thermal behaviour 464:480 In this study, raw stalk of PM was characterized for physicochemical properties such as composition, moisture content, water absorbency and thermal behaviour. 30832843 0 40 dep Characterization 0:15 arg1 glaucum 45:51 Pennisetum glaucum 34:51 Pennisetum glaucum 34:51 Characterization of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) waste. 30832843 6 41 theme type 742:745 arg1 structure 749:757 cellulose type I structure 732:757 cellulose type I structure 732:757 XRD patterns indicate the presence of cellulose type I structure with crystallinity index of 32% for raw stalk and 55% for the purified material. 30832843 9 42 theme indigenous 1013:1022 arg1 source 1024:1029 an indigenous source 1010:1029 an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products 1010:1086 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30832843 9 42 theme indigenous 1013:1022 arg1 stalks 988:993 PM stalks 985:993 PM stalks 985:993 These findings indicate that PM stalks may be used as an indigenous source of cellulose for the absorbent layer in hygiene products. 30326224 0 0 theme silver 70:75 arg1 composites 99:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites 63:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity 63:163 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 9 1 theme wound 1034:1038 arg1 healing 1040:1046 wound healing 1034:1046 wound healing 1034:1046 Finally, Gelatin/CS/Ag promoted wound healing and showed good biocompatibility. 30326224 0 2 theme porous 63:68 arg1 composites 99:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites 63:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity 63:163 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 2 3 theme silver 347:352 arg1 nanoparticles 354:366 silver nanoparticles 347:366 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 347:374 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 2 3 theme silver 347:352 arg1 AgNPs 369:373 AgNPs 369:373 AgNPs 369:373 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 7 4 theme Gelatin/CS/Ag 905:917 arg1 effect 895:900 a good inhibitory effect 877:900 a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag 877:917 The material was evaluated in antibacterial experiments, and a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag was observed. 30326224 6 5 theme water 774:778 arg1 absorption 780:789 water absorption 774:789 water absorption 774:789 Gelatin/CS/Ag exhibited good mechanical properties, water absorption, and moisture retention. 30326224 2 6 used used 296:299 arg2 agent 315:319 a reducing agent 304:319 a reducing agent 304:319 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 2 6 used used 296:299 arg2 stabilizer 325:334 stabilizer 325:334 stabilizer 325:334 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 2 6 used used 296:299 arg2 gelatin 284:290 gelatin 284:290 gelatin 284:290 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 0 7 theme nanoparticle/chitosan 77:97 arg1 composites 99:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites 63:108 porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity 63:163 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 5 8 theme UV 662:663 arg1 spectrophotometry 673:689 UV visible spectrophotometry 662:689 UV visible spectrophotometry 662:689 The existence of AgNPs was proven by UV visible spectrophotometry, XRD, and electron microscopy. 30326224 8 9 theme L929 964:967 arg1 cells 969:973 L929 cells 964:973 L929 cells 964:973 Gelatin/CS/Ag co-cultured with L929 cells did not show cytotoxicity. 30326224 9 10 theme good 1059:1062 arg1 biocompatibility 1064:1079 good biocompatibility 1059:1079 good biocompatibility 1059:1079 Finally, Gelatin/CS/Ag promoted wound healing and showed good biocompatibility. 30326224 1 11 theme materials 188:196 arg1 goal 263:266 a major research goal 246:266 a major research goal 246:266 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 1 11 theme materials 188:196 arg1 identification 170:183 The identification 166:183 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing 166:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 6 12 theme mechanical 751:760 arg1 properties 762:771 good mechanical properties 746:771 good mechanical properties 746:771 Gelatin/CS/Ag exhibited good mechanical properties, water absorption, and moisture retention. 30326224 6 13 theme good 746:749 arg1 properties 762:771 good mechanical properties 746:771 good mechanical properties 746:771 Gelatin/CS/Ag exhibited good mechanical properties, water absorption, and moisture retention. 30326224 1 14 theme beneficial 203:212 arg1 properties 214:223 beneficial properties 203:223 beneficial properties for wound healing 203:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 0 15 theme In 0:1 arg1 reduction 8:16 In situ reduction 0:16 In situ reduction of silver 0:26 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 3 16 contain has 529:531 arg2 structure 546:554 a dense pore structure 533:554 a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm 533:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 3 16 contain has 529:531 arg1 Gelatin/CS/Ag 515:527 Gelatin/CS/Ag 515:527 Gelatin/CS/Ag 515:527 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 0 17 with composites 99:108 arg1 antimicrobial 124:136 antimicrobial 124:136 antimicrobial 124:136 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 0 17 with composites 99:108 arg1 activity 156:163 enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity 115:163 activity 156:163 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 2 18 theme reducing 306:313 arg1 gelatin 284:290 gelatin 284:290 gelatin 284:290 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 2 18 theme reducing 306:313 arg1 agent 315:319 a reducing agent 304:319 a reducing agent 304:319 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 7 19 theme inhibitory 884:893 arg1 effect 895:900 a good inhibitory effect 877:900 a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag 877:917 The material was evaluated in antibacterial experiments, and a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag was observed. 30326224 3 20 theme dense 535:539 arg1 structure 546:554 a dense pore structure 533:554 a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm 533:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 10 21 theme promising 1112:1120 arg1 properties 1154:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 0 22 dep antimicrobial 124:136 arg1 enhanced 115:122 enhanced 115:122 enhanced 115:122 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 1 23 theme wound 229:233 arg1 healing 235:241 wound healing 229:241 wound healing 229:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 2 24 theme tannic 439:444 arg1 acid 446:449 tannic acid 439:449 tannic acid 439:449 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 2 25 theme composite 490:498 arg1 Gelatin/CS/Ag 500:512 a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag 484:512 a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag 484:512 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 5 26 theme visible 665:671 arg1 spectrophotometry 673:689 UV visible spectrophotometry 662:689 UV visible spectrophotometry 662:689 The existence of AgNPs was proven by UV visible spectrophotometry, XRD, and electron microscopy. 30326224 0 27 theme silver 21:26 arg1 reduction 8:16 In situ reduction 0:16 In situ reduction of silver 0:26 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 0 28 theme wound-healing 142:154 arg1 activity 156:163 enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity 115:163 activity 156:163 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 3 29 theme 100-250 μm 582:591 arg1 size 568:571 a pore size 561:571 a pore size of about 100-250 μm 561:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 10 30 contain has 1108:1110 arg2 properties 1154:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 10 30 contain has 1108:1110 arg1 Gelatin/CS/Ag 1094:1106 Gelatin/CS/Ag 1094:1106 Gelatin/CS/Ag 1094:1106 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 10 31 theme antibacterial 1122:1134 arg1 properties 1154:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 3 32 theme pore 541:544 arg1 structure 546:554 a dense pore structure 533:554 a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm 533:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 5 33 theme AgNPs 642:646 arg1 existence 629:637 The existence 625:637 The existence of AgNPs 625:646 The existence of AgNPs was proven by UV visible spectrophotometry, XRD, and electron microscopy. 30326224 2 34 theme new 486:488 arg1 Gelatin/CS/Ag 500:512 a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag 484:512 a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag 484:512 In this study, gelatin was used as a reducing agent and stabilizer to restore silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ, which were mixed with chitosan (CS), crosslinked with tannic acid, and then freeze-dried to obtain a new composite Gelatin/CS/Ag. 30326224 10 35 theme healing 1146:1152 arg1 properties 1154:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 promising antibacterial and wound healing properties 1112:1163 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 10 36 theme wound 1140:1144 arg1 healing 1146:1152 wound healing 1140:1152 wound healing 1140:1152 In summary, Gelatin/CS/Ag has promising antibacterial and wound healing properties. 30326224 1 37 with materials 188:196 arg1 properties 214:223 beneficial properties 203:223 beneficial properties for wound healing 203:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 6 38 theme moisture 796:803 arg1 retention 805:813 moisture retention 796:813 moisture retention 796:813 Gelatin/CS/Ag exhibited good mechanical properties, water absorption, and moisture retention. 30326224 7 39 theme good 879:882 arg1 effect 895:900 a good inhibitory effect 877:900 a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag 877:917 The material was evaluated in antibacterial experiments, and a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag was observed. 30326224 1 40 theme major 248:252 arg1 goal 263:266 a major research goal 246:266 a major research goal 246:266 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 1 40 theme major 248:252 arg1 identification 170:183 The identification 166:183 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing 166:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 3 41 theme pore 563:566 arg1 size 568:571 a pore size 561:571 a pore size of about 100-250 μm 561:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30326224 1 42 theme research 254:261 arg1 goal 263:266 a major research goal 246:266 a major research goal 246:266 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 1 42 theme research 254:261 arg1 identification 170:183 The identification 166:183 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing 166:241 The identification of materials with beneficial properties for wound healing is a major research goal. 30326224 5 43 theme electron 701:708 arg1 microscopy 710:719 electron microscopy 701:719 electron microscopy 701:719 The existence of AgNPs was proven by UV visible spectrophotometry, XRD, and electron microscopy. 30326224 0 44 dep In 0:1 arg1 situ 3:6 situ 3:6 situ 3:6 In situ reduction of silver nanoparticles by gelatin to obtain porous silver nanoparticle/chitosan composites with enhanced antimicrobial and wound-healing activity. 30326224 7 45 theme antibacterial 846:858 arg1 experiments 860:870 antibacterial experiments 846:870 antibacterial experiments 846:870 The material was evaluated in antibacterial experiments, and a good inhibitory effect of Gelatin/CS/Ag was observed. 30326224 3 46 with structure 546:554 arg1 size 568:571 a pore size 561:571 a pore size of about 100-250 μm 561:591 Gelatin/CS/Ag has a dense pore structure with a pore size of about 100-250 μm. 30496859 3 0 theme Fourier-transform 593:609 arg1 infrared 611:618 Fourier-transform infrared 593:618 Fourier-transform infrared 593:618 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 9 1 from biocatalyst 1650:1660 arg1 applications 1690:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 7 2 theme insignificant 1203:1215 arg1 loss 1217:1220 insignificant loss 1203:1220 insignificant loss in enzyme functionality 1203:1244 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 3 3 theme surface 409:415 arg1 morphology 417:426 surface morphology 409:426 surface morphology 409:426 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 8 4 theme tentative 1498:1506 arg1 pathway 1532:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 5 5 from pH 10 1020:1024 arg1 counterpart 1005:1015 a free counterpart 998:1015 a free counterpart at pH 10 998:1024 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 8 6 dep corroborated 1350:1361 arg1 whereas 1421:1427 whereas 1421:1427 whereas 1421:1427 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 9 7 theme industrial 1639:1648 arg1 biocatalyst 1650:1660 industrial biocatalyst 1639:1660 industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications 1639:1701 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 7 8 theme activity 1287:1294 arg1 % 1265:1265 90% 1263:1265 90% 1263:1265 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 7 8 theme activity 1287:1294 arg1 % 1273:1273 60% 1271:1273 60% 1271:1273 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 7 8 theme activity 1287:1294 arg1 activity 1287:1294 original activity 1278:1294 original activity 1278:1294 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 6 9 theme catalytic 1084:1092 arg1 activity 1094:1101 4-fold greater catalytic activity 1069:1101 4-fold greater catalytic activity 1069:1101 With reference to a free enzyme, 1.6- and 4-fold greater catalytic activity was achieved at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, by the immobilized HRP. 30496859 6 10 theme free 1047:1050 arg1 enzyme 1052:1057 a free enzyme 1045:1057 a free enzyme 1045:1057 With reference to a free enzyme, 1.6- and 4-fold greater catalytic activity was achieved at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, by the immobilized HRP. 30496859 7 11 theme continuous 1311:1320 arg1 cycles 1322:1327 5 and 10 continuous cycles 1302:1327 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use 1302:1334 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 1 12 theme agarose-chitosan 170:185 arg1 hydrogel 187:194 robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel 163:194 robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel 163:194 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 8 13 theme enzyme-assisted 1367:1381 arg1 degradation 1408:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 2 14 theme support 322:328 arg1 material 330:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 6 15 theme immobilized 1154:1164 arg1 HRP 1166:1168 the immobilized HRP 1150:1168 the immobilized HRP 1150:1168 With reference to a free enzyme, 1.6- and 4-fold greater catalytic activity was achieved at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, by the immobilized HRP. 30496859 3 16 theme immobilized 504:514 arg1 peroxidase 528:537 immobilized horseradish peroxidase 504:537 immobilized horseradish peroxidase 504:537 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 3 17 theme agarose-chitosan 461:476 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 the agarose-chitosan hydrogel 457:485 the agarose-chitosan hydrogel 457:485 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 3 18 theme hydrogel 478:485 arg1 properties 443:452 functional properties 432:452 functional properties 432:452 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 3 18 theme hydrogel 478:485 arg1 morphology 417:426 surface morphology 409:426 surface morphology 409:426 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 2 19 theme eco-friendlier 307:320 arg1 material 330:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 3 20 theme horseradish 516:526 arg1 peroxidase 528:537 immobilized horseradish peroxidase 504:537 immobilized horseradish peroxidase 504:537 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 8 21 theme Blue 1392:1395 arg1 degradation 1408:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 2 22 theme immobilization 352:365 arg1 efficiency 367:376 immobilization efficiency 352:376 immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase 352:402 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 3 23 theme functional 432:441 arg1 properties 443:452 functional properties 432:452 functional properties 432:452 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 6 24 theme greater 1076:1082 arg1 activity 1094:1101 4-fold greater catalytic activity 1069:1101 4-fold greater catalytic activity 1069:1101 With reference to a free enzyme, 1.6- and 4-fold greater catalytic activity was achieved at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, by the immobilized HRP. 30496859 9 25 theme biotechnological 1673:1688 arg1 applications 1690:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 5 26 theme greater 976:982 arg1 activity 984:991 a 3.9-folds greater activity 964:991 a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10 964:1024 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 9 27 theme diverse 1665:1671 arg1 applications 1690:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 diverse biotechnological applications 1665:1701 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 9 28 theme promising 1611:1619 arg1 ACH-HRP 1598:1604 ACH-HRP 1598:1604 ACH-HRP 1598:1604 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 9 28 theme promising 1611:1619 arg1 option 1621:1626 a promising option 1609:1626 a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications 1609:1701 In conclusion, the results demonstrate that ACH-HRP is a promising option for use as industrial biocatalyst in diverse biotechnological applications. 30496859 5 29 theme alkaline 933:940 arg1 conditions 942:951 alkaline conditions 933:951 alkaline conditions 933:951 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 4 30 theme horseradish 677:687 arg1 peroxidase 689:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase 635:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) 635:708 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 4 30 theme horseradish 677:687 arg1 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 5 31 theme better 842:847 arg1 activity 849:856 a better activity 840:856 a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), 840:905 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 7 32 from loss 1217:1220 arg1 functionality 1232:1244 enzyme functionality 1225:1244 enzyme functionality 1225:1244 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 1 33 theme mild 234:237 arg1 N‑hydroxysuccinimide 202:221 N‑hydroxysuccinimide 202:221 N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) 202:227 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 1 33 theme mild 234:237 arg1 cross-linker 248:259 a mild chemical cross-linker 232:259 a mild chemical cross-linker 232:259 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 0 34 theme horseradish 38:48 arg1 peroxidase 50:59 horseradish peroxidase 38:59 horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 38:121 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 8 35 theme UPLC/MS 1429:1435 arg1 analysis 1437:1444 UPLC/MS analysis 1429:1444 UPLC/MS analysis 1429:1444 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 4 36 dep pH 733:734 arg1 stability 752:760 stability 752:760 stability 752:760 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 8 37 theme RB-19 1401:1405 arg1 degradation 1408:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 1 38 theme chemical 239:246 arg1 N‑hydroxysuccinimide 202:221 N‑hydroxysuccinimide 202:221 N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) 202:227 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 1 38 theme chemical 239:246 arg1 cross-linker 248:259 a mild chemical cross-linker 232:259 a mild chemical cross-linker 232:259 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 0 39 theme sustainable 66:76 arg1 properties 112:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 4 40 theme substrate 797:805 arg1 oxidation 807:815 its substrate oxidation 793:815 its substrate oxidation 793:815 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 5 41 theme acidic 864:869 arg1 pH 4.0 885:890 pH 4.0 885:890 pH 4.0 885:890 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 5 41 theme acidic 864:869 arg1 environments 871:882 acidic environments 864:882 acidic environments 864:882 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 8 42 theme degradation 1466:1476 arg1 intermediates 1478:1490 the dye degradation intermediates 1458:1490 the dye degradation intermediates 1458:1490 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 0 43 with peroxidase 50:59 arg1 properties 112:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 8 44 theme Reactive 1383:1390 arg1 degradation 1408:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation 1363:1418 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 7 45 theme enzyme 1225:1230 arg1 functionality 1232:1244 enzyme functionality 1225:1244 enzyme functionality 1225:1244 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 7 46 theme original 1278:1285 arg1 activity 1287:1294 original activity 1278:1294 original activity 1278:1294 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 30496859 8 47 theme HPLC 1337:1340 arg1 profile 1342:1348 HPLC profile 1337:1348 HPLC profile 1337:1348 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 6 48 dep enzyme 1052:1057 arg1 reference 1032:1040 reference 1032:1040 reference 1032:1040 With reference to a free enzyme, 1.6- and 4-fold greater catalytic activity was achieved at 50 and 70 °C, respectively, by the immobilized HRP. 30496859 2 49 theme peroxidase 393:402 arg1 efficiency 367:376 immobilization efficiency 352:376 immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase 352:402 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 0 50 theme bio-catalytic 78:90 arg1 properties 112:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 4 51 theme hydrogel-immobilized 656:675 arg1 peroxidase 689:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase 635:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) 635:708 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 4 51 theme hydrogel-immobilized 656:675 arg1 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 8 52 theme degradation 1520:1530 arg1 pathway 1532:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 2 53 theme horseradish 381:391 arg1 peroxidase 393:402 horseradish peroxidase 381:402 horseradish peroxidase 381:402 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 4 54 theme agarose-chitosan 639:654 arg1 peroxidase 689:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase 635:698 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) 635:708 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 4 54 theme agarose-chitosan 639:654 arg1 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 ACH-HRP 701:707 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 8 55 theme mechanistic 1508:1518 arg1 pathway 1532:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway 1496:1538 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 1 56 theme robust 163:168 arg1 hydrogel 187:194 robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel 163:194 robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel 163:194 Herein, we developed and characterized robust agarose-chitosan hydrogel using N‑hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as a mild chemical cross-linker. 30496859 8 57 theme dye 1462:1464 arg1 intermediates 1478:1490 the dye degradation intermediates 1458:1490 the dye degradation intermediates 1458:1490 HPLC profile corroborated the enzyme-assisted Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19) degradation, whereas UPLC/MS analysis scrutinized the dye degradation intermediates and a tentative mechanistic degradation pathway was proposed. 30496859 3 58 dep morphology 417:426 arg1 The 405:407 The 405:407 The 405:407 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 2 59 theme effective 293:301 arg1 material 330:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 2 60 theme efficiency 367:376 arg1 % 347:347 >90% 344:347 >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase 344:402 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 2 60 theme efficiency 367:376 arg1 efficiency 367:376 immobilization efficiency 352:376 immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase 352:402 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 3 61 theme scanning 560:567 arg1 microscopy 578:587 scanning electron microscopy 560:587 scanning electron microscopy 560:587 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 0 62 theme degradation 100:110 arg1 properties 112:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties 66:121 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 4 63 theme promising 767:775 arg1 reusability 777:787 promising reusability 767:787 promising reusability for its substrate oxidation 767:815 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 5 64 theme free 1000:1003 arg1 counterpart 1005:1015 a free counterpart 998:1015 a free counterpart at pH 10 998:1024 The ACH-HRP preserved a better activity under acidic environments, pH 4.0 (38 vs. 5.9%), and well stabilized under alkaline conditions, retaining a 3.9-folds greater activity than a free counterpart at pH 10. 30496859 3 65 theme electron 569:576 arg1 microscopy 578:587 scanning electron microscopy 560:587 scanning electron microscopy 560:587 The surface morphology and functional properties of the agarose-chitosan hydrogel with and without immobilized horseradish peroxidase were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared, respectively. 30496859 4 66 theme wide-working 720:731 arg1 pH 733:734 wide-working pH 720:734 wide-working pH 720:734 The agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase (ACH-HRP) exhibited wide-working pH and temperature stability, and promising reusability for its substrate oxidation. 30496859 0 67 theme dye 96:98 arg1 degradation 100:110 dye degradation 96:110 dye degradation 96:110 Agarose-chitosan hydrogel-immobilized horseradish peroxidase with sustainable bio-catalytic and dye degradation properties. 30496859 2 68 theme simple 285:290 arg1 material 330:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material 283:337 The hydrogel offered a simple, effective and eco-friendlier support material with >90% of immobilization efficiency of horseradish peroxidase. 30496859 7 69 theme use 1332:1334 arg1 cycles 1322:1327 5 and 10 continuous cycles 1302:1327 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use 1302:1334 Further, the hydrogel displayed insignificant loss in enzyme functionality sustaining above 90% and 60% of original activity after 5 and 10 continuous cycles of use. 31364682 1 0 theme Au 260:261 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 0 theme Au 260:261 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 11 1 theme ROS 1817:1819 arg1 production 1821:1830 ROS production 1817:1830 ROS production 1817:1830 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 1 2 theme biocompatible 165:177 arg1 properties 195:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties 161:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 161:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 6 3 theme complement 1063:1072 arg1 activation 1074:1083 complement activation 1063:1083 complement activation 1063:1083 In addition, ROS production, complement activation and cytokine release were evaluated to determine the immunogenicity. 31364682 10 4 theme immunostimulant 1633:1647 arg1 properties 1649:1658 the immunostimulant properties 1629:1658 the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract 1629:1676 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 5 theme immunogenic 183:193 arg1 properties 195:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties 161:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 161:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 9 6 theme system 1572:1577 arg1 activation 1547:1556 the activation 1543:1556 the activation of the immune system 1543:1577 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 3 7 theme nanoparticle 627:638 arg1 synthesis 640:648 nanoparticle synthesis 627:648 nanoparticle synthesis 627:648 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 1 8 dep nanoparticles 245:257 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 8 dep nanoparticles 245:257 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 8 dep nanoparticles 245:257 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 7 9 theme UI 1272:1273 arg1 nanoparticles 1275:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 10 10 theme UI 1667:1668 arg1 extract 1670:1676 the UI extract 1663:1676 the UI extract 1663:1676 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 11 theme synthesised 217:227 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 11 theme synthesised 217:227 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 11 theme synthesised 217:227 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 7 12 theme Ag 1269:1270 arg1 nanoparticles 1275:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 3 13 theme exclusion 658:666 arg1 chromatography 668:681 size exclusion chromatography 653:681 size exclusion chromatography 653:681 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 11 14 theme balanced 1768:1775 arg1 Th1 1777:1779 a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response 1766:1803 Th1 1777:1779 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 2 15 theme FTIR 471:474 arg1 spectroscopy 476:487 FTIR spectroscopy 471:487 FTIR spectroscopy 471:487 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 5 16 theme cell 963:966 arg1 lines 968:972 different cell lines 953:972 different cell lines 953:972 The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. 31364682 1 17 theme first 136:140 arg1 This 124:127 This 124:127 This 124:127 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 17 theme first 136:140 arg1 study 142:146 the first study 132:146 the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 132:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 7 18 from concentration 1297:1309 arg1 exception 1256:1264 the exception 1252:1264 the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic 1252:1331 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 8 19 theme complement 1370:1379 arg1 activation 1381:1390 complement activation 1370:1390 complement activation 1370:1390 The samples induced ROS release and complement activation, two key mechanisms in innate immunity. 31364682 11 20 theme immune 1789:1794 arg1 response 1796:1803 a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response 1766:1803 response 1796:1803 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 0 21 theme Ulva 86:89 arg1 extract 115:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 8 22 theme key 1397:1399 arg1 mechanisms 1401:1410 two key mechanisms 1393:1410 two key mechanisms 1393:1410 The samples induced ROS release and complement activation, two key mechanisms in innate immunity. 31364682 3 23 theme possible 714:721 arg1 role 723:726 their possible role 708:726 their possible role in the biosynthetic process 708:754 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 0 24 theme L. 104:105 arg1 extract 115:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 1 25 dep macroalgae 287:296 arg1 Ulva 298:301 Ulva 298:301 Ulva 298:301 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 3 26 theme biosynthetic 735:746 arg1 process 748:754 the biosynthetic process 731:754 the biosynthetic process 731:754 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 2 27 theme Au 346:347 arg1 UI 349:350 Au@UI 346:350 Au@UI 346:350 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 5 28 theme mouse 1014:1018 arg1 erythrocytes 1020:1031 mouse erythrocytes 1014:1031 mouse erythrocytes 1014:1031 The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. 31364682 9 29 from profiles 1499:1506 arg1 release 1461:1467 the release 1457:1467 the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles 1457:1506 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 9 29 from profiles 1499:1506 arg1 cytokines 1519:1527 other cytokines 1513:1527 other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system 1513:1577 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 5 30 theme samples 925:931 arg1 toxicity 909:916 The potential toxicity 895:916 The potential toxicity of the samples 895:931 The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. 31364682 0 31 theme Immunostimulant 0:14 arg1 gold 34:37 gold 34:37 gold 34:37 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 0 32 dep Ulva 86:89 arg1 intestinalis 91:102 intestinalis 91:102 intestinalis 91:102 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 2 33 theme @ 359:359 arg1 UI 360:361 Ag@UI 357:361 Ag@UI 357:361 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 3 34 theme first 508:512 arg1 time 514:517 the first time 504:517 the first time 504:517 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 0 35 theme biocompatible 20:32 arg1 gold 34:37 gold 34:37 gold 34:37 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 1 36 theme @ 272:272 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 36 theme @ 272:272 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 9 37 theme cytokines 1472:1480 arg1 release 1461:1467 the release 1457:1467 the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles 1457:1506 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 9 37 theme cytokines 1472:1480 arg1 cytokines 1519:1527 other cytokines 1513:1527 other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system 1513:1577 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 7 38 theme good 1202:1205 arg1 biocompatibility 1207:1222 good biocompatibility 1202:1222 good biocompatibility 1202:1222 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 11 39 theme vaccine 1734:1740 arg1 development 1742:1752 vaccine development 1734:1752 vaccine development 1734:1752 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 9 40 theme Th1 1487:1489 arg1 profiles 1499:1506 Th1 and Th2 profiles 1487:1506 Th1 and Th2 profiles 1487:1506 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 10 41 theme @ 1582:1582 arg1 UI 1583:1584 Au@UI 1580:1584 Au@UI 1580:1584 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 9 42 theme Th2 1495:1497 arg1 profiles 1499:1506 Th1 and Th2 profiles 1487:1506 Th1 and Th2 profiles 1487:1506 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 7 43 theme Ag 1188:1189 arg1 UI 1191:1192 Ag@UI 1188:1192 Ag@UI 1188:1192 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 0 44 dep nanoparticles 50:62 arg1 synthesized 64:74 synthesized 64:74 nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 50:121 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 11 45 theme @ 1688:1688 arg1 UI 1689:1690 Au@UI 1686:1690 Au@UI 1686:1690 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 1 46 theme gold 229:232 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 46 theme gold 229:232 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 46 theme gold 229:232 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 5 47 theme potential 899:907 arg1 toxicity 909:916 The potential toxicity 895:916 The potential toxicity of the samples 895:931 The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. 31364682 3 48 theme UI 560:561 arg1 extract 563:569 the UI extract 556:569 the UI extract 556:569 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 10 49 theme @ 1592:1592 arg1 UI 1593:1594 Ag@UI 1590:1594 Ag@UI 1590:1594 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 50 theme silver 238:243 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 50 theme silver 238:243 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 50 theme silver 238:243 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 9 51 theme other 1513:1517 arg1 cytokines 1519:1527 other cytokines 1513:1527 other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system 1513:1577 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 7 52 theme Au 1178:1179 arg1 UI 1181:1182 Au@UI 1178:1182 Au@UI 1178:1182 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 11 53 theme @ 1698:1698 arg1 UI 1699:1700 Ag@UI 1696:1700 Ag@UI 1696:1700 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 3 54 from composition 524:534 arg1 extract 563:569 the UI extract 556:569 the UI extract 556:569 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 1 55 theme @ 262:262 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 55 theme @ 262:262 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 6 56 theme cytokine 1089:1096 arg1 release 1098:1104 cytokine release 1089:1104 cytokine release 1089:1104 In addition, ROS production, complement activation and cytokine release were evaluated to determine the immunogenicity. 31364682 9 57 theme immune 1565:1570 arg1 system 1572:1577 the immune system 1561:1577 the immune system 1561:1577 The samples also induced the release of cytokines from Th1 and Th2 profiles, and other cytokines implicated in the activation of the immune system. 31364682 3 58 theme size 653:656 arg1 chromatography 668:681 size exclusion chromatography 653:681 size exclusion chromatography 653:681 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 11 59 theme cytokine 1833:1840 arg1 release 1842:1848 cytokine release 1833:1848 cytokine release 1833:1848 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 11 60 theme complement 1854:1863 arg1 activation 1865:1874 complement activation 1854:1874 complement activation 1854:1874 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 4 61 theme extract 818:824 arg1 fraction 802:809 the polysaccharide fraction 783:809 the polysaccharide fraction of the extract 783:824 This study suggested that the polysaccharide fraction of the extract is involved in the formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles. 31364682 7 62 theme high 1292:1295 arg1 concentration 1297:1309 high concentration 1292:1309 high concentration 1292:1309 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 11 63 theme Ag 1696:1697 arg1 UI 1699:1700 Ag@UI 1696:1700 Ag@UI 1696:1700 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 10 64 theme extract 1670:1676 arg1 properties 1649:1658 the immunostimulant properties 1629:1658 the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract 1629:1676 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 65 theme one-pot 209:215 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 65 theme one-pot 209:215 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 65 theme one-pot 209:215 arg1 UI 263:264 Au@UI 260:264 Au@UI 260:264 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 8 66 theme ROS 1354:1356 arg1 release 1358:1364 ROS release 1354:1364 ROS release 1354:1364 The samples induced ROS release and complement activation, two key mechanisms in innate immunity. 31364682 7 67 theme nanoparticles 1275:1287 arg1 exception 1256:1264 the exception 1252:1264 the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic 1252:1331 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 11 68 theme Au 1686:1687 arg1 UI 1689:1690 Au@UI 1686:1690 Au@UI 1686:1690 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 4 69 theme polysaccharide 787:800 arg1 fraction 802:809 the polysaccharide fraction 783:809 the polysaccharide fraction of the extract 783:824 This study suggested that the polysaccharide fraction of the extract is involved in the formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles. 31364682 7 70 theme @ 1271:1271 arg1 nanoparticles 1275:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 Ag@UI nanoparticles 1269:1287 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 5 71 theme different 953:961 arg1 lines 968:972 different cell lines 953:972 different cell lines 953:972 The potential toxicity of the samples was evaluated using different cell lines and the hemocompatibility was tested in mouse erythrocytes. 31364682 11 72 theme Th2 1785:1787 arg1 response 1796:1803 a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response 1766:1803 response 1796:1803 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 11 73 from adjuvants 1721:1729 arg1 development 1742:1752 vaccine development 1734:1752 vaccine development 1734:1752 Hence, Au@UI and Ag@UI could be useful as adjuvants in vaccine development and promote a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune response mediated by ROS production, cytokine release and complement activation. 31364682 4 74 theme nanoparticles 880:892 arg1 stabilization 859:871 stabilization 859:871 stabilization 859:871 This study suggested that the polysaccharide fraction of the extract is involved in the formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles. 31364682 4 74 theme nanoparticles 880:892 arg1 formation 845:853 formation 845:853 formation 845:853 This study suggested that the polysaccharide fraction of the extract is involved in the formation and stabilization of the nanoparticles. 31364682 0 75 theme aqueous 107:113 arg1 extract 115:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract 82:121 Immunostimulant and biocompatible gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using the Ulva intestinalis L. aqueous extract. 31364682 6 76 theme ROS 1047:1049 arg1 production 1051:1060 ROS production 1047:1060 ROS production 1047:1060 In addition, ROS production, complement activation and cytokine release were evaluated to determine the immunogenicity. 31364682 8 77 theme innate 1415:1420 arg1 immunity 1422:1429 innate immunity 1415:1429 innate immunity 1415:1429 The samples induced ROS release and complement activation, two key mechanisms in innate immunity. 31364682 2 78 theme UV-vis 429:434 arg1 spectroscopy 436:447 UV-vis spectroscopy 429:447 UV-vis spectroscopy 429:447 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 2 79 theme aqueous 329:335 arg1 extract 337:343 The UI aqueous extract 322:343 The UI aqueous extract 322:343 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 1 80 theme Ag 270:271 arg1 UI 273:274 Ag@UI 270:274 Ag@UI 270:274 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 80 theme Ag 270:271 arg1 nanoparticles 245:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles 209:257 one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 209:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 2 81 theme Ag 357:358 arg1 UI 360:361 Ag@UI 357:361 Ag@UI 357:361 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 3 82 from role 723:726 arg1 process 748:754 the biosynthetic process 731:754 the biosynthetic process 731:754 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 3 83 theme carbohydrates 539:551 arg1 composition 524:534 the composition 520:534 the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract 520:569 Moreover, for the first time, the composition of carbohydrates in the UI extract has been reported along with the changes observed after nanoparticle synthesis by size exclusion chromatography, in order to investigate their possible role in the biosynthetic process. 31364682 2 84 theme UI 326:327 arg1 extract 337:343 The UI aqueous extract 322:343 The UI aqueous extract 322:343 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 7 85 theme @ 1190:1190 arg1 UI 1191:1192 Ag@UI 1188:1192 Ag@UI 1188:1192 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 2 86 theme sterile 383:389 arg1 conditions 391:400 sterile conditions 383:400 sterile conditions 383:400 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 2 87 theme @ 348:348 arg1 UI 349:350 Au@UI 346:350 Au@UI 346:350 The UI aqueous extract, Au@UI, and Ag@UI were obtained under sterile conditions and fully characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and FTIR spectroscopy. 31364682 10 88 theme Au 1580:1581 arg1 UI 1583:1584 Au@UI 1580:1584 Au@UI 1580:1584 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 89 theme macroalgae 287:296 arg1 UI 317:318 UI 317:318 UI 317:318 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 1 89 theme macroalgae 287:296 arg1 intestinalis 303:314 the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis 283:314 the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 283:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 31364682 7 90 theme @ 1180:1180 arg1 UI 1181:1182 Au@UI 1178:1182 Au@UI 1178:1182 The results showed that Au@UI and Ag@UI exhibit good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, with the exception of Ag@UI nanoparticles at high concentration, which were hemolytic. 31364682 10 91 theme Ag 1590:1591 arg1 UI 1593:1594 Ag@UI 1590:1594 Ag@UI 1590:1594 Au@UI and Ag@UI were biocompatible and preserved the immunostimulant properties of the UI extract. 31364682 1 92 theme nanoparticles 245:257 arg1 properties 195:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties 161:204 the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI) 161:319 This is the first study to report on the biocompatible and immunogenic properties of one-pot synthesised gold and silver nanoparticles (Au@UI and Ag@UI) using the macroalgae Ulva intestinalis (UI). 30149916 3 0 theme internalized 544:555 arg1 heparanase 557:566 the internalized heparanase 540:566 the internalized heparanase 540:566 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 0 1 theme mast 87:90 arg1 cells 92:96 mast cells 87:96 mast cells 87:96 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 2 2 link cell-derived 366:377 arg1 cells 384:388 bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells 338:388 cells 384:388 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 2 3 theme mast 379:382 arg1 cells 384:388 bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells 338:388 cells 384:388 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 4 4 from fragmented 728:737 arg1 cells 686:690 the cells 682:690 the cells 682:690 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 7 5 theme syndecan-4 1161:1170 arg1 gene 1172:1175 the syndecan-4 gene 1157:1175 the syndecan-4 gene 1157:1175 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 3 6 theme Internalized 391:402 arg1 molecules 415:423 Internalized heparanase molecules 391:423 Internalized heparanase molecules 391:423 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 6 7 located detected 1048:1055 arg2 expression 967:976 expression 967:976 expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, 967:1042 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 6 7 located detected 1048:1055 arg1 cells 1076:1080 the mastocytoma cells 1060:1080 the mastocytoma cells 1060:1080 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 2 8 theme mastocytoma 309:319 arg1 cells 321:325 mastocytoma cells 309:325 mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells 309:388 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 0 9 theme syndecan-4-dependent 114:133 arg1 pathway 135:141 syndecan-4-dependent pathway 114:141 syndecan-4-dependent pathway 114:141 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 8 10 theme uptake 1416:1421 arg1 pathway 1423:1429 a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway 1353:1429 a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway 1353:1429 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 3 11 with stimulation 496:506 arg1 ionomycin 513:521 ionomycin 513:521 ionomycin 513:521 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 3 12 theme secretory 584:592 arg1 granules 594:601 secretory granules 584:601 secretory granules 584:601 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 7 13 theme mock 1232:1235 arg1 cells 1237:1241 mock cells 1232:1241 mock cells 1232:1241 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 5 14 theme heparin 824:830 arg1 addition 812:819 addition 812:819 addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium 812:872 The internalization was substantially inhibited by addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium, suggesting that glycosaminoglycan is involved in the uptake pathway. 30149916 7 15 theme expression 1129:1138 arg1 vector 1140:1145 a shRNA expression vector 1121:1145 a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene 1121:1175 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 6 16 theme surface 1024:1030 arg1 syndecan-4 1032:1041 cell surface syndecan-4 1019:1041 especially cell surface syndecan-4 1008:1041 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 6 16 theme surface 1024:1030 arg1 syndecan-3 981:990 syndecan-3 981:990 syndecan-3 981:990 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 3 17 theme significant 460:470 arg1 portion 472:478 a significant portion 458:478 a significant portion 458:478 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 5 18 theme culture 859:865 arg1 medium 867:872 the culture medium 855:872 the culture medium 855:872 The internalization was substantially inhibited by addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium, suggesting that glycosaminoglycan is involved in the uptake pathway. 30149916 4 19 theme pro-form 608:615 arg1 heparanase 617:626 The pro-form heparanase 604:626 The pro-form heparanase 604:626 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 1 20 theme culture 199:205 arg1 media 207:211 the culture media 195:211 the culture media of mast cells 195:225 We investigated the fate of proheparanase added to the culture media of mast cells. 30149916 3 21 theme heparanase 404:413 arg1 molecules 415:423 Internalized heparanase molecules 391:423 Internalized heparanase molecules 391:423 Internalized heparanase molecules were accumulated in granules and a significant portion was released by stimulation with ionomycin, indicating that the internalized heparanase was sorted into secretory granules. 30149916 6 22 theme cell 1019:1022 arg1 syndecan-4 1032:1041 cell surface syndecan-4 1019:1041 especially cell surface syndecan-4 1008:1041 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 6 22 theme cell 1019:1022 arg1 syndecan-3 981:990 syndecan-3 981:990 syndecan-3 981:990 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 5 23 theme sulfate 844:850 arg1 addition 812:819 addition 812:819 addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium 812:872 The internalization was substantially inhibited by addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium, suggesting that glycosaminoglycan is involved in the uptake pathway. 30149916 4 24 from cells 686:690 arg1 fragmented 728:737 fragmented 728:737 fragmented 728:737 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 8 25 theme mast 1330:1333 arg1 granules 1340:1347 mast cell granules 1330:1347 mast cell granules 1330:1347 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 0 26 theme intracellular 15:27 arg1 trafficking 29:39 intracellular trafficking 15:39 intracellular trafficking 15:39 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 0 27 theme pathway 135:141 arg1 Involvement 99:109 Involvement 99:109 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 0:142 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 4 28 dep mature 649:654 arg1 inside 675:680 inside 675:680 inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme 675:758 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 1 29 theme proheparanase 172:184 arg1 fate 164:167 the fate 160:167 the fate of proheparanase added to the culture media of mast cells 160:225 We investigated the fate of proheparanase added to the culture media of mast cells. 30149916 8 30 theme exogenous 1265:1273 arg1 substances 1275:1284 some exogenous substances 1260:1284 some exogenous substances like proheparanase 1260:1303 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 4 31 theme mature 746:751 arg1 enzyme 753:758 the mature enzyme 742:758 the mature enzyme 742:758 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 4 32 theme intracellular 702:714 arg1 heparin 716:722 intracellular heparin 702:722 intracellular heparin 702:722 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30149916 1 33 theme mast 216:219 arg1 cells 221:225 mast cells 216:225 mast cells 216:225 We investigated the fate of proheparanase added to the culture media of mast cells. 30149916 5 34 theme heparan 836:842 arg1 sulfate 844:850 heparan sulfate 836:850 heparan sulfate 836:850 The internalization was substantially inhibited by addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium, suggesting that glycosaminoglycan is involved in the uptake pathway. 30149916 6 35 theme syndecan-4 996:1005 arg1 expression 967:976 expression 967:976 expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, 967:1042 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 2 36 theme recombinant 230:240 arg1 protein 242:248 A recombinant protein 228:248 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase 228:272 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 1 37 theme cells 221:225 arg1 media 207:211 the culture media 195:211 the culture media of mast cells 195:225 We investigated the fate of proheparanase added to the culture media of mast cells. 30149916 0 38 theme extracellular 59:71 arg1 heparanase 73:82 extracellular heparanase 59:82 extracellular heparanase 59:82 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 7 39 theme knockdown 1087:1095 arg1 clones 1097:1102 Two knockdown clones 1083:1102 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene 1083:1175 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 2 40 theme cell-derived 366:377 arg1 cells 384:388 bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells 338:388 cells 384:388 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 7 41 theme lower 1199:1203 arg1 amounts 1205:1211 significantly lower amounts 1185:1211 significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells 1185:1241 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 7 41 theme lower 1199:1203 arg1 heparanase 1216:1225 heparanase 1216:1225 heparanase 1216:1225 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 6 42 theme syndecan-3 981:990 arg1 expression 967:976 expression 967:976 expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, 967:1042 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 2 43 theme peritoneal 355:364 arg1 cells 384:388 bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells 338:388 cells 384:388 A recombinant protein mimicking proheparanase was continuously internalized into mastocytoma cells as well as bone marrow- and peritoneal cell-derived mast cells. 30149916 7 44 theme heparanase 1216:1225 arg1 amounts 1205:1211 significantly lower amounts 1185:1211 significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells 1185:1241 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 7 44 theme heparanase 1216:1225 arg1 heparanase 1216:1225 heparanase 1216:1225 heparanase 1216:1225 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 5 45 theme uptake 928:933 arg1 pathway 935:941 the uptake pathway 924:941 the uptake pathway 924:941 The internalization was substantially inhibited by addition of heparin and heparan sulfate to the culture medium, suggesting that glycosaminoglycan is involved in the uptake pathway. 30149916 7 46 theme shRNA 1123:1127 arg1 vector 1140:1145 a shRNA expression vector 1121:1145 a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene 1121:1175 Two knockdown clones transfected with a shRNA expression vector targeting the syndecan-4 gene took up significantly lower amounts of heparanase than mock cells. 30149916 8 47 dep glycosaminoglycan-mediated 1355:1380 arg1 syndecan-4-dependent 1394:1413 syndecan-4-dependent 1394:1413 syndecan-4-dependent 1394:1413 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 8 48 theme glycosaminoglycan-mediated 1355:1380 arg1 pathway 1423:1429 a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway 1353:1429 a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway 1353:1429 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 6 49 theme mastocytoma 1064:1074 arg1 cells 1076:1080 the mastocytoma cells 1060:1080 the mastocytoma cells 1060:1080 Out of four syndecans, expression of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4, especially cell surface syndecan-4, was detected in the mastocytoma cells. 30149916 8 50 theme cell 1335:1338 arg1 granules 1340:1347 mast cell granules 1330:1347 mast cell granules 1330:1347 We propose that some exogenous substances like proheparanase can be incorporated into mast cell granules via a glycosaminoglycan-mediated, especially syndecan-4-dependent, uptake pathway. 30149916 0 51 theme heparanase 73:82 arg1 processing 45:54 processing 45:54 processing 45:54 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 0 51 theme heparanase 73:82 arg1 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 0 51 theme heparanase 73:82 arg1 trafficking 29:39 intracellular trafficking 15:39 intracellular trafficking 15:39 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 0 52 dep Incorporation 0:12 arg1 Involvement 99:109 Involvement 99:109 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 0:142 Incorporation, intracellular trafficking and processing of extracellular heparanase by mast cells: Involvement of syndecan-4-dependent pathway. 30149916 4 53 theme active 663:668 arg1 form 670:673 an active form 660:673 an active form 660:673 The pro-form heparanase was processed into a mature and an active form inside the cells, in which intracellular heparin was fragmented by the mature enzyme. 30240194 14 0 theme dryable 2369:2375 arg1 materials 2401:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 6 1 theme internal 1025:1032 arg1 structure 1034:1042 the tightly locked internal structure 1006:1042 the tightly locked internal structure 1006:1042 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 4 2 theme printing 527:534 arg1 fidelity 536:543 high printing fidelity 522:543 high printing fidelity 522:543 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 3 3 theme other 441:445 arg1 designs 453:459 other solid designs 441:459 other solid designs 441:459 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 4 4 from shrinkage 628:636 arg1 directions 671:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions 641:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying 641:699 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 9 5 theme CNF 1479:1481 arg1 support 1492:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 10 6 theme 3D 1668:1669 arg1 material 1671:1678 the 3D material 1664:1678 the 3D material 1664:1678 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 13 7 theme hydrophilic 2161:2171 arg1 components 2203:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 10 8 dep phenomena 1772:1780 arg1 % 1792:1792 swelling % 1783:1792 swelling % between ∼400 and 900% 1783:1814 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 9 with gels 87:90 arg1 fractions 112:120 internal phase fractions 97:120 internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 97:140 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 7 10 theme organic 1097:1103 arg1 % 1119:1119 0 to 12% 1112:1119 0 to 12% 1112:1119 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 7 10 theme organic 1097:1103 arg1 phase 1105:1109 the nonpolar or organic phase 1081:1109 the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) 1081:1120 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 10 11 theme internal 1688:1695 arg1 microchannels 1697:1709 the internal microchannels 1684:1709 the internal microchannels 1684:1709 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 12 theme cellulose 177:185 arg1 CNF 200:202 CNF 200:202 CNF 200:202 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 1 12 theme cellulose 177:185 arg1 nanofibrils 187:197 cellulose nanofibrils 177:197 cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) 177:203 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 4 13 theme out-of-plane 645:656 arg1 directions 671:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions 641:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying 641:699 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 10 14 theme high 1726:1729 arg1 absorption 1737:1746 high water absorption 1726:1746 high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%) 1726:1815 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 9 15 dep providing 1462:1470 arg1 improving 1501:1509 improving 1501:1509 improving the mechanical strength 1501:1533 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 1 16 theme phase 106:110 arg1 fractions 112:120 internal phase fractions 97:120 internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 97:140 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 7 17 theme ambient 1248:1254 arg1 temperature 1256:1266 ambient temperature 1248:1266 ambient temperature 1248:1266 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 12 18 theme emulsion 1984:1991 arg1 gel 1993:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 12 19 from content 1959:1965 arg1 gel 1993:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 6 20 theme shape 953:957 arg1 retention 959:967 shape retention 953:967 shape retention of the dried scaffolds 953:990 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 8 21 theme PLA 1382:1384 arg1 incorporation 1365:1377 the incorporation 1361:1377 the incorporation of PLA 1361:1384 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 11 22 theme initial 1869:1875 arg1 shape 1888:1892 the initial 3D-printed shape 1865:1892 the initial 3D-printed shape 1865:1892 However, no shape changes occurred compared to the initial 3D-printed shape. 30240194 5 23 theme interfacial 824:834 arg1 stabilizer 836:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 5 23 theme interfacial 824:834 arg1 control 800:806 rheology control 791:806 rheology control 791:806 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 14 24 theme high 2458:2461 arg1 load 2452:2455 load 2452:2455 load (high elastic modulus) 2452:2478 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 14 24 theme high 2458:2461 arg1 modulus 2471:2477 high elastic modulus 2458:2477 high elastic modulus 2458:2477 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 8 25 theme drying-induced 1394:1407 arg1 failure 1415:1421 drying-induced shape failure 1394:1421 drying-induced shape failure 1394:1421 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 9 26 theme compression 1440:1450 arg1 strain 1452:1457 compression strain 1440:1457 compression strain 1440:1457 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 5 27 theme structural 901:910 arg1 reliability 912:922 high structural reliability 896:922 high structural reliability 896:922 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 12 28 theme precursor 1974:1982 arg1 gel 1993:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 the precursor emulsion gel 1970:1995 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 3 29 theme formulation 352:362 arg1 effect 342:347 The effect 338:347 The effect of formulation and composition variables 338:388 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 4 30 dep % 626:626 arg1 shrinkage 628:636 shrinkage 628:636 0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying 619:699 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 7 31 theme water 1227:1231 arg1 evaporation 1233:1243 the slow water evaporation 1218:1243 the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature 1218:1266 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 8 32 theme No 1269:1270 arg1 collapse 1280:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 2 33 theme ink 319:321 arg1 writing 323:329 direct ink writing 312:329 direct ink writing (DIW) 312:335 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 2 33 theme ink 319:321 arg1 DIW 332:334 DIW 332:334 DIW 332:334 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 0 34 theme Low 0:2 arg1 Gels 20:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels Based on Nanocellulose for 3D-Printing. 30240194 9 35 theme skeletal 1483:1490 arg1 support 1492:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 12 36 theme low 2065:2067 arg1 energy 2077:2082 its low surface energy 2061:2082 its low surface energy 2061:2082 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 0 37 theme Emulsion 11:18 arg1 Gels 20:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels Based on Nanocellulose for 3D-Printing. 30240194 6 38 theme dried 976:980 arg1 scaffolds 982:990 the dried scaffolds 972:990 the dried scaffolds 972:990 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 8 39 theme lateral 1292:1298 arg1 deformation 1300:1310 lateral deformation 1292:1310 lateral deformation 1292:1310 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 12 40 with interaction 2032:2042 arg1 water 2049:2053 water 2049:2053 water 2049:2053 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 3 41 theme composition 368:378 arg1 effect 342:347 The effect 338:347 The effect of formulation and composition variables 338:388 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 13 42 theme 3D 2274:2275 arg1 printing 2277:2284 3D printing 2274:2284 3D printing 2274:2284 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 10 43 theme other 1766:1770 arg1 phenomena 1772:1780 other phenomena 1766:1780 other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%) 1766:1815 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 3 44 theme cubic 421:425 arg1 scaffolds 427:435 printing cubic scaffolds 412:435 printing cubic scaffolds 412:435 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 5 45 theme continuous 738:747 arg1 phase 749:753 the continuous phase 734:753 the continuous phase 734:753 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 4 46 theme distinctive 466:476 arg1 microstructures 478:492 The distinctive microstructures 462:492 The distinctive microstructures that were developed 462:512 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 8 47 theme dried 1319:1323 arg1 scaffolds 1325:1333 the dried scaffolds 1315:1333 the dried scaffolds 1315:1333 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 14 48 theme structural 2390:2399 arg1 materials 2401:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 3 49 theme solid 447:451 arg1 designs 453:459 other solid designs 441:459 other solid designs 441:459 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 14 50 theme CNF-based 2377:2385 arg1 materials 2401:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 7 51 theme entire 1151:1156 arg1 scaffold 1158:1165 the entire scaffold 1147:1165 the entire scaffold 1147:1165 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 7 52 from embedded 1135:1142 arg1 scaffold 1158:1165 the entire scaffold 1147:1165 the entire scaffold 1147:1165 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 6 53 theme locked 1018:1023 arg1 structure 1034:1042 the tightly locked internal structure 1006:1042 the tightly locked internal structure 1006:1042 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 4 54 theme high 522:525 arg1 fidelity 536:543 high printing fidelity 522:543 high printing fidelity 522:543 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 3 55 dep formulation 352:362 arg1 variables 380:388 variables 380:388 variables 380:388 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 10 56 theme material 1671:1678 arg1 structure 1651:1659 the highly porous structure 1633:1659 the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels 1633:1709 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 57 theme polylactide 220:230 arg1 loadings 165:172 low loadings 161:172 low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA) 161:236 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 5 58 theme rheology 791:798 arg1 stabilizer 836:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 5 58 theme rheology 791:798 arg1 control 800:806 rheology control 791:806 rheology control 791:806 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 7 59 from scaffold 1158:1165 arg1 PLA 1049:1051 The PLA 1045:1051 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) 1045:1120 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 7 59 from scaffold 1158:1165 arg1 embedded 1135:1142 embedded 1135:1142 embedded 1135:1142 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 10 60 theme microchannels 1697:1709 arg1 structure 1651:1659 the highly porous structure 1633:1659 the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels 1633:1709 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 61 theme low 161:163 arg1 loadings 165:172 low loadings 161:172 low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA) 161:236 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 13 62 theme hydrophobic 2191:2201 arg1 components 2203:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 13 63 theme CNF-based 2151:2159 arg1 components 2203:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2147:2212 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 4 64 theme room 583:586 arg1 temperature 588:598 room temperature 583:598 room temperature 583:598 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 10 65 theme water 1731:1735 arg1 absorption 1737:1746 high water absorption 1726:1746 high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%) 1726:1815 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 66 theme nanofibrils 187:197 arg1 loadings 165:172 low loadings 161:172 low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA) 161:236 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 1 67 theme internal 97:104 arg1 fractions 112:120 internal phase fractions 97:120 internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 97:140 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 2 68 dep properties 245:254 arg1 morphology 270:279 morphology 270:279 morphology 270:279 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 2 68 dep properties 245:254 arg1 rheology 257:264 rheology 257:264 rheology 257:264 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 2 68 dep properties 245:254 arg1 properties 245:254 Their properties 239:254 Their properties (rheology and morphology) 239:280 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 13 69 theme dry 2352:2354 arg1 objects 2356:2362 dry objects 2352:2362 dry objects 2352:2362 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 11 70 theme 3D-printed 1877:1886 arg1 shape 1888:1892 the initial 3D-printed shape 1865:1892 the initial 3D-printed shape 1865:1892 However, no shape changes occurred compared to the initial 3D-printed shape. 30240194 6 71 theme retention 959:967 arg1 extent 943:948 the extent 939:948 the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds 939:990 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 4 72 theme in-plane 662:669 arg1 directions 671:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions 641:680 the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying 641:699 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 4 73 dep displayed 549:557 arg1 % 626:626 0 and 5% 619:626 0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying 619:699 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 5 74 theme effective 814:822 arg1 stabilizer 836:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 an effective interfacial stabilizer 811:845 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 5 74 theme effective 814:822 arg1 control 800:806 rheology control 791:806 rheology control 791:806 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 14 75 theme elastic 2463:2469 arg1 load 2452:2455 load 2452:2455 load (high elastic modulus) 2452:2478 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 14 75 theme elastic 2463:2469 arg1 modulus 2471:2477 high elastic modulus 2458:2477 high elastic modulus 2458:2477 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 8 76 theme shape 1409:1413 arg1 failure 1415:1421 drying-induced shape failure 1394:1421 drying-induced shape failure 1394:1421 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 12 77 theme PLA 1955:1957 arg1 content 1959:1965 the PLA content 1951:1965 the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel 1951:1995 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 5 78 theme high 896:899 arg1 reliability 912:922 high structural reliability 896:922 high structural reliability 896:922 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 13 79 theme low-solids 2323:2332 arg1 inks 2334:2337 low-solids inks 2323:2337 low-solids inks for DIW 2323:2345 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 13 80 theme components 2203:2212 arg1 compatibilization 2126:2142 compatibilization 2126:2142 compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components 2126:2212 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 1 81 theme Multiphase 65:74 arg1 gels 87:90 Multiphase (emulsion) gels 65:90 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 65:140 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 7 82 theme slow 1222:1225 arg1 evaporation 1233:1243 the slow water evaporation 1218:1243 the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature 1218:1266 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 0 83 theme Solids 4:9 arg1 Gels 20:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels 0:23 Low Solids Emulsion Gels Based on Nanocellulose for 3D-Printing. 30240194 9 84 theme better 1472:1477 arg1 support 1492:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 better CNF skeletal support 1472:1498 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 1 85 theme emulsion 77:84 arg1 gels 87:90 Multiphase (emulsion) gels 65:90 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 65:140 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 30240194 7 86 from temperature 1256:1266 arg1 evaporation 1233:1243 the slow water evaporation 1218:1243 the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature 1218:1266 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 2 87 theme direct 312:317 arg1 writing 323:329 direct ink writing 312:329 direct ink writing (DIW) 312:335 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 2 87 theme direct 312:317 arg1 DIW 332:334 DIW 332:334 DIW 332:334 Their properties (rheology and morphology) fitted those of inks used for direct ink writing (DIW). 30240194 7 88 theme nonpolar 1085:1092 arg1 % 1119:1119 0 to 12% 1112:1119 0 to 12% 1112:1119 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 7 88 theme nonpolar 1085:1092 arg1 phase 1105:1109 the nonpolar or organic phase 1081:1109 the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) 1081:1120 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 5 89 theme ink 885:887 arg1 printability 865:876 the printability 861:876 the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability 861:922 The CNF added in the continuous phase was shown to be critical to achieve rheology control as an effective interfacial stabilizer and to ensure the printability of the ink toward high structural reliability. 30240194 6 90 theme scaffolds 982:990 arg1 retention 959:967 shape retention 953:967 shape retention of the dried scaffolds 953:990 We found that the extent of shape retention of the dried scaffolds resulted from the tightly locked internal structure. 30240194 10 91 theme swelling 1783:1790 arg1 % 1792:1792 swelling % 1783:1792 swelling % between ∼400 and 900% 1783:1814 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 8 92 theme surface 1272:1278 arg1 collapse 1280:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 11 93 theme shape 1830:1834 arg1 changes 1836:1842 no shape changes 1827:1842 no shape changes 1827:1842 However, no shape changes occurred compared to the initial 3D-printed shape. 30240194 7 94 theme strong 1180:1185 arg1 resistance 1187:1196 a strong resistance 1178:1196 a strong resistance to shrinkage 1178:1209 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 13 95 dep achieve 2233:2239 arg1 opening 2287:2293 opening 2287:2293 opening 2287:2293 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 10 96 theme hydrophilicity 1575:1588 arg1 combination 1556:1566 the combination 1552:1566 the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels 1552:1709 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 9 97 theme mechanical 1515:1524 arg1 strength 1526:1533 the mechanical strength 1511:1533 the mechanical strength 1511:1533 It also reduced compression strain by providing better CNF skeletal support, improving the mechanical strength. 30240194 12 98 theme surface 2069:2075 arg1 energy 2077:2082 its low surface energy 2061:2082 its low surface energy 2061:2082 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 13 99 theme shape 2241:2245 arg1 control 2247:2253 shape control 2241:2253 shape control 2241:2253 Overall, the results demonstrate that by compatibilization of the CNF-based hydrophilic and the PLA-based hydrophobic components, it is possible to achieve shape control and retention upon 3D printing, opening the possibility of adopting low-solids inks for DIW into dry objects. 30240194 4 100 theme limited 559:565 arg1 shrinkage 567:575 limited shrinkage 559:575 limited shrinkage 559:575 The distinctive microstructures that were developed allowed high printing fidelity and displayed limited shrinkage after room temperature and freeze-drying (0 and 5% shrinkage in the out-of-plane and in-plane directions upon freeze-drying, respectively). 30240194 7 101 dep 12 1117:1118 arg1 to 1114:1115 to 1114:1115 to 1114:1115 The PLA that was initially added in the nonpolar or organic phase (0 to 12%) was randomly embedded in the entire scaffold, providing a strong resistance to shrinkage during the slow water evaporation at ambient temperature. 30240194 3 102 theme printing 412:419 arg1 scaffolds 427:435 printing cubic scaffolds 412:435 printing cubic scaffolds 412:435 The effect of formulation and composition variables were elucidated after printing cubic scaffolds and other solid designs. 30240194 12 103 theme scaffolds 1915:1923 arg1 swelling 1899:1906 The swelling 1895:1906 The swelling of the scaffolds 1895:1923 The swelling of the scaffolds correlated inversely with the PLA content in the precursor emulsion gel, providing a means to regulate the interaction with water given its low surface energy. 30240194 14 104 theme 3D 2387:2388 arg1 materials 2401:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials 2365:2409 The dryable CNF-based 3D structural materials absorb water while being able to support load (high elastic modulus) and maintain the shape upon hydration. 30240194 8 105 theme scaffolds 1325:1333 arg1 deformation 1300:1310 lateral deformation 1292:1310 lateral deformation 1292:1310 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 8 105 theme scaffolds 1325:1333 arg1 collapse 1280:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse 1269:1287 No surface collapse or lateral deformation of the dried scaffolds occurred, indicating that the incorporation of PLA limited drying-induced shape failure. 30240194 10 106 theme porous 1644:1649 arg1 structure 1651:1659 the highly porous structure 1633:1659 the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels 1633:1709 Upon rewetting, the combination of the hydrophilicity imparted by CNF and alginate together with the highly porous structure of the 3D material and the internal microchannels contributed to high water absorption via capillary and other phenomena (swelling % between ∼400 and 900%). 30240194 1 107 theme alginate 206:213 arg1 loadings 165:172 low loadings 161:172 low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA) 161:236 Multiphase (emulsion) gels with internal phase fractions between 0.1 and 0.5 were formulated at low loadings of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), alginate, and polylactide (PLA). 31601204 0 0 theme xyloside 74:81 arg1 synthesis 40:48 the synthesis 36:48 the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade 36:105 Exploiting xylan as sugar donor for the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade. 31601204 8 1 theme same 1256:1259 arg1 reaction 1261:1268 the same reaction 1252:1268 the same reaction 1252:1268 For comparison, xylans from other sources were tested in the same reaction, suggesting that a specific optimization is required for each xylan variety. 31601204 6 2 theme Central 1058:1064 arg1 Design 1076:1081 a Central Composite Design 1056:1081 a Central Composite Design 1056:1081 The reaction conditions for the cascade were optimized by a Central Composite Design. 31601204 4 3 theme enzyme 682:687 arg1 cascade 689:695 an enzyme cascade 679:695 an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 679:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 4 theme Talaromyces 566:576 arg1 amestolkiae 578:588 the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 551:588 the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 551:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 0 5 theme antiproliferative 56:72 arg1 xyloside 74:81 an antiproliferative xyloside 53:81 an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade 53:105 Exploiting xylan as sugar donor for the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade. 31601204 7 6 theme beechwood 1144:1152 arg1 xylan 1154:1158 beechwood xylan 1144:1158 beechwood xylan 1144:1158 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L were reached using beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan, respectively. 31601204 5 7 theme β-xylosidase 915:926 arg1 enzymes 892:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 7 theme β-xylosidase 915:926 arg1 rBxTW1 928:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 911:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus 911:954 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 4 8 theme ascomycete 555:564 arg1 amestolkiae 578:588 the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 551:588 the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 551:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 10 9 theme available 1589:1597 arg1 polysaccharides 1566:1580 two polysaccharides 1562:1580 two polysaccharides easily available from biomass 1562:1610 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 9 theme available 1589:1597 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 5 10 theme cost-effective 966:979 arg1 xylan 991:995 the cost-effective substrate xylan 962:995 the cost-effective substrate xylan 962:995 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 6 11 theme reaction 1002:1009 arg1 conditions 1011:1020 The reaction conditions 998:1020 The reaction conditions for the cascade 998:1036 The reaction conditions for the cascade were optimized by a Central Composite Design. 31601204 4 12 from amestolkiae 578:588 arg1 rXynM 540:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM 511:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 511:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 12 from amestolkiae 578:588 arg1 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 12 from amestolkiae 578:588 arg1 one 655:657 one 655:657 one 655:657 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 5 13 theme substrate 981:989 arg1 xylan 991:995 the cost-effective substrate xylan 962:995 the cost-effective substrate xylan 962:995 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 4 14 theme 6-hydroxynaphthyl 746:762 arg1 β-D-xylopyranoside 765:782 the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside 721:782 the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside 721:782 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 9 15 theme single 1462:1467 arg1 catalyst 1469:1476 a single catalyst 1460:1476 a single catalyst 1460:1476 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 9 16 theme sugar 1506:1510 arg1 donor 1512:1516 an expensive sugar donor 1493:1516 an expensive sugar donor 1493:1516 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 9 16 theme sugar 1506:1510 arg1 xylobiose 1482:1490 xylobiose 1482:1490 xylobiose 1482:1490 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 4 17 theme Pichia 627:632 arg1 pastoris 634:641 Pichia pastoris 627:641 Pichia pastoris 627:641 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 2 18 theme lignocellulosic 273:287 arg1 biomass 289:295 lignocellulosic biomass 273:295 lignocellulosic biomass 273:295 This demand has merged with the efforts to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. 31601204 5 19 theme fungal 873:878 arg1 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 19 theme fungal 873:878 arg1 enzymes 892:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 19 theme fungal 873:878 arg1 rBxTW1 928:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 911:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus 911:954 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 0 20 theme enzyme 92:97 arg1 cascade 99:105 an enzyme cascade 89:105 an enzyme cascade 89:105 Exploiting xylan as sugar donor for the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade. 31601204 8 21 from sources 1229:1235 arg1 xylans 1211:1216 xylans 1211:1216 xylans from other sources 1211:1235 For comparison, xylans from other sources were tested in the same reaction, suggesting that a specific optimization is required for each xylan variety. 31601204 7 22 theme 0.38 g/L 1116:1123 arg1 productions 1092:1102 Maximal productions 1084:1102 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L 1084:1123 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L were reached using beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan, respectively. 31601204 1 23 dep BACKGROUND 108:117 arg1 seeking 155:161 seeking 155:161 are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis 151:219 BACKGROUND Currently, industrial societies are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis. 31601204 12 24 from role 1876:1879 arg1 conversion 2006:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 1 25 theme green 167:171 arg1 alternatives 173:184 green alternatives 167:184 green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis 167:219 BACKGROUND Currently, industrial societies are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis. 31601204 10 26 dep CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 26 dep CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 arg1 birchwood 1545:1553 birchwood 1545:1553 birchwood 1545:1553 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 26 dep CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 arg1 Beechwood 1531:1539 Beechwood 1531:1539 Beechwood 1531:1539 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 12 27 theme value-added 1922:1932 arg1 products 1934:1941 value-added products 1922:1941 value-added products 1922:1941 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 4 28 theme antiproliferative 725:741 arg1 β-D-xylopyranoside 765:782 the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside 721:782 the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside 721:782 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 5 29 theme enzymes 892:898 arg1 use 862:864 the use 858:864 the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, 858:955 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 3 30 theme lignocellulose 377:390 arg1 components 363:372 main components 358:372 main components of lignocellulose 358:390 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 7 31 theme 0.59 1107:1110 arg1 productions 1092:1102 Maximal productions 1084:1102 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L 1084:1123 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L were reached using beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan, respectively. 31601204 9 32 theme enzyme 1379:1384 arg1 cascade 1386:1392 this enzyme cascade 1374:1392 this enzyme cascade 1374:1392 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 3 33 theme raw 410:412 arg1 material 414:421 a raw material 408:421 a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy 408:485 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 3 34 theme main 358:361 arg1 components 363:372 main components 358:372 main components of lignocellulose 358:390 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 4 35 theme endoxylanase 527:538 arg1 rXynM 540:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM 511:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 511:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 35 theme endoxylanase 527:538 arg1 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 35 theme endoxylanase 527:538 arg1 one 655:657 one 655:657 one 655:657 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 7 36 theme Maximal 1084:1090 arg1 productions 1092:1102 Maximal productions 1084:1102 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L 1084:1123 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L were reached using beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan, respectively. 31601204 8 37 theme xylan 1332:1336 arg1 variety 1338:1344 each xylan variety 1327:1344 each xylan variety 1327:1344 For comparison, xylans from other sources were tested in the same reaction, suggesting that a specific optimization is required for each xylan variety. 31601204 1 38 theme conventional 189:200 arg1 synthesis 211:219 conventional chemical synthesis 189:219 conventional chemical synthesis 189:219 BACKGROUND Currently, industrial societies are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis. 31601204 3 39 theme components 363:372 arg1 one 351:353 one 351:353 one 351:353 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 3 39 theme components 363:372 arg1 components 363:372 main components 358:372 main components of lignocellulose 358:390 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 11 40 theme β-D-xylopyranoside 1799:1816 arg1 synthesis 1764:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis 1738:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate 1738:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 31601204 12 41 theme xylan 1884:1888 arg1 role 1876:1879 the role 1872:1879 the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products 1872:1941 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 12 41 theme xylan 1884:1888 arg1 potential 1951:1959 the potential 1947:1959 the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion 1947:2015 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 2 42 theme value-added 302:312 arg1 products 314:321 value-added products 302:321 value-added products 302:321 This demand has merged with the efforts to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. 31601204 1 43 theme chemical 202:209 arg1 synthesis 211:219 conventional chemical synthesis 189:219 conventional chemical synthesis 189:219 BACKGROUND Currently, industrial societies are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis. 31601204 7 44 theme birchwood 1164:1172 arg1 xylan 1174:1178 birchwood xylan 1164:1178 birchwood xylan 1164:1178 Maximal productions of 0.59 and 0.38 g/L were reached using beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan, respectively. 31601204 8 45 theme specific 1289:1296 arg1 optimization 1298:1309 a specific optimization 1287:1309 a specific optimization 1287:1309 For comparison, xylans from other sources were tested in the same reaction, suggesting that a specific optimization is required for each xylan variety. 31601204 12 46 theme raw 1895:1897 arg1 material 1899:1906 a raw material 1893:1906 a raw material for producing value-added products 1893:1941 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 10 47 theme antiproliferative 1666:1682 arg1 agent 1684:1688 an antiproliferative agent 1663:1688 an antiproliferative agent 1663:1688 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 2 48 dep efforts 254:260 arg1 convert 265:271 convert 265:271 to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products 262:321 This demand has merged with the efforts to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. 31601204 3 49 theme high 428:431 arg1 potential 433:441 high potential 428:441 high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy 428:485 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 4 50 gly transglycosylation 788:805 arg1 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 810:833 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 810:833 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 810:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 8 51 theme other 1223:1227 arg1 sources 1229:1235 other sources 1223:1235 other sources 1223:1235 For comparison, xylans from other sources were tested in the same reaction, suggesting that a specific optimization is required for each xylan variety. 31601204 0 52 theme sugar 20:24 arg1 donor 26:30 sugar donor 20:30 sugar donor for the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade 20:105 Exploiting xylan as sugar donor for the synthesis of an antiproliferative xyloside using an enzyme cascade. 31601204 4 53 dep RESULTS 488:494 arg1 used 647:650 used 647:650 used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 647:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 53 dep RESULTS 488:494 arg1 expressed 614:622 expressed 614:622 heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris 599:641 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 10 54 theme enzyme 1634:1639 arg1 cascade 1641:1647 a novel enzyme cascade 1626:1647 a novel enzyme cascade 1626:1647 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 11 55 theme cost-effective 1826:1839 arg1 substrate 1841:1849 a cost-effective substrate 1824:1849 a cost-effective substrate 1824:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 31601204 3 56 theme sustainable 467:477 arg1 economy 479:485 a sustainable economy 465:485 a sustainable economy 465:485 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 12 57 theme xylanolytic 1971:1981 arg1 enzymes 1983:1989 fungal xylanolytic enzymes 1964:1989 fungal xylanolytic enzymes 1964:1989 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 4 58 theme recombinant 515:525 arg1 rXynM 540:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM 511:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 511:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 58 theme recombinant 515:525 arg1 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 58 theme recombinant 515:525 arg1 one 655:657 one 655:657 one 655:657 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 10 59 used used 1618:1621 arg2 Beechwood 1531:1539 Beechwood 1531:1539 Beechwood 1531:1539 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 59 used used 1618:1621 arg2 polysaccharides 1566:1580 two polysaccharides 1562:1580 two polysaccharides easily available from biomass 1562:1610 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 59 used used 1618:1621 arg2 CONCLUSIONS 1519:1529 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan 1519:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 10 59 used used 1618:1621 arg2 birchwood 1545:1553 birchwood 1545:1553 birchwood 1545:1553 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 11 60 theme 6-hydroxynaphthyl 1780:1796 arg1 β-D-xylopyranoside 1799:1816 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside 1777:1816 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate 1777:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 31601204 4 61 theme cascade 689:695 arg1 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 10 62 theme novel 1628:1632 arg1 cascade 1641:1647 a novel enzyme cascade 1626:1647 a novel enzyme cascade 1626:1647 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 3 63 with material 414:421 arg1 potential 433:441 high potential 428:441 high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy 428:485 In this context, xylan, as one of main components of lignocellulose, has emerged as a raw material with high potential for advancing towards a sustainable economy. 31601204 9 64 theme expensive 1496:1504 arg1 donor 1512:1516 an expensive sugar donor 1493:1516 an expensive sugar donor 1493:1516 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 9 64 theme expensive 1496:1504 arg1 xylobiose 1482:1490 xylobiose 1482:1490 xylobiose 1482:1490 The results obtained using this enzyme cascade and xylan were similar or better to those previously reported for a single catalyst and xylobiose, an expensive sugar donor. 31601204 12 65 from potential 1951:1959 arg1 conversion 2006:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 11 66 theme green 1717:1721 arg1 alternative 1723:1733 a green alternative 1715:1733 a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate 1715:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 31601204 6 67 theme Composite 1066:1074 arg1 Design 1076:1081 a Central Composite Design 1056:1081 a Central Composite Design 1056:1081 The reaction conditions for the cascade were optimized by a Central Composite Design. 31601204 5 68 theme same 944:947 arg1 fungus 949:954 the same fungus 940:954 the same fungus 940:954 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 69 from fungus 949:954 arg1 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 69 from fungus 949:954 arg1 enzymes 892:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 69 from fungus 949:954 arg1 rBxTW1 928:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 911:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus 911:954 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 10 70 dep Beechwood 1531:1539 arg1 xylan 1555:1559 xylan 1555:1559 xylan 1555:1559 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 4 71 theme 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 810:833 arg1 transglycosylation 788:805 transglycosylation 788:805 transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 788:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 72 used used 647:650 arg2 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 72 used used 647:650 arg2 rXynM 540:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM 511:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 511:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 72 used used 647:650 arg2 one 655:657 one 655:657 one 655:657 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 1 73 theme industrial 130:139 arg1 societies 141:149 industrial societies 130:149 industrial societies 130:149 BACKGROUND Currently, industrial societies are seeking for green alternatives to conventional chemical synthesis. 31601204 5 74 theme xylanolytic 880:890 arg1 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 rXynM 901:905 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 74 theme xylanolytic 880:890 arg1 enzymes 892:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 two fungal xylanolytic enzymes 869:898 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 5 74 theme xylanolytic 880:890 arg1 rBxTW1 928:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 911:933 the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus 911:954 The approach combines the use of two fungal xylanolytic enzymes, rXynM and the β-xylosidase rBxTW1 from the same fungus, with the cost-effective substrate xylan. 31601204 11 75 theme conventional 1742:1753 arg1 synthesis 1764:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis 1738:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate 1738:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 31601204 12 76 theme enzymes 1983:1989 arg1 role 1876:1879 the role 1872:1879 the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products 1872:1941 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 12 76 theme enzymes 1983:1989 arg1 potential 1951:1959 the potential 1947:1959 the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion 1947:2015 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 10 77 from biomass 1604:1610 arg1 available 1589:1597 available 1589:1597 available 1589:1597 CONCLUSIONS Beechwood and birchwood xylan, two polysaccharides easily available from biomass, were used in a novel enzyme cascade to synthetize an antiproliferative agent. 31601204 12 78 theme biomass 1998:2004 arg1 conversion 2006:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 the biomass conversion 1994:2015 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 12 79 theme fungal 1964:1969 arg1 enzymes 1983:1989 fungal xylanolytic enzymes 1964:1989 fungal xylanolytic enzymes 1964:1989 The work highlights the role of xylan as a raw material for producing value-added products and the potential of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in the biomass conversion. 31601204 4 80 theme catalysts 666:674 arg1 one 655:657 one 655:657 one 655:657 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 80 theme catalysts 666:674 arg1 catalysts 666:674 the catalysts 662:674 the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 662:833 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 4 80 theme catalysts 666:674 arg1 rXynM 540:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM 511:544 the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae 511:588 RESULTS In this study, the recombinant endoxylanase rXynM from the ascomycete Talaromyces amestolkiae has been heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and used as one of the catalysts of an enzyme cascade developed to synthesize the antiproliferative 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside, by transglycosylation of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene. 31601204 11 81 theme chemical 1755:1762 arg1 synthesis 1764:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis 1738:1772 the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate 1738:1849 The approach represents a green alternative to the conventional chemical synthesis of 2-(6-hydroxynaphthyl) β-D-xylopyranoside using a cost-effective substrate. 30475391 0 0 theme Jurkat 88:93 arg1 cells 95:99 Jurkat cells 88:99 Jurkat cells 88:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 4 1 theme different 747:755 arg1 combinations 757:768 different combinations 747:768 different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 747:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 7 2 theme osmolytes 1207:1215 arg1 influence 1194:1202 the influence 1190:1202 the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water 1190:1328 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 1 3 theme cells 155:159 arg1 recovery 136:143 the post-thaw recovery 122:143 the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine 122:276 This study examined the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine. 30475391 4 4 from combinations 757:768 arg1 rate 796:799 a cooling rate 786:799 a cooling rate of 1°C/min 786:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 8 5 theme intracellular 1405:1417 arg1 formation 1423:1431 intracellular ice formation 1405:1431 intracellular ice formation 1405:1431 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 8 6 theme formation 1423:1431 arg1 absence 1394:1400 absence 1394:1400 absence 1394:1400 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 8 6 theme formation 1423:1431 arg1 presence 1382:1389 presence 1382:1389 presence 1382:1389 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 7 7 theme ice 1250:1252 arg1 shape 1262:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 6 8 theme certain 1064:1070 arg1 interactions 1072:1083 certain interactions 1064:1083 certain interactions between sugars and glycerol 1064:1111 Both higher concentrations of glycerol and certain interactions between sugars and glycerol were found to typically increase the post-thaw recovery. 30475391 5 9 theme post-thaw 1001:1009 arg1 recovery 1011:1018 post-thaw recovery 1001:1018 post-thaw recovery 1001:1018 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 2 10 theme Cellular 279:286 arg1 response 288:295 Cellular response 279:295 Cellular response 279:295 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 4 11 from cryoprotectants 728:742 arg1 combinations 757:768 different combinations 747:768 different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 747:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 5 12 theme interactions 967:978 arg1 importance 921:930 the importance 917:930 the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery 917:1018 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 5 13 used used 898:901 arg2 modeling 885:892 Statistical modeling 873:892 Statistical modeling 873:892 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 6 14 theme post-thaw 1150:1158 arg1 recovery 1160:1167 the post-thaw recovery 1146:1167 the post-thaw recovery 1146:1167 Both higher concentrations of glycerol and certain interactions between sugars and glycerol were found to typically increase the post-thaw recovery. 30475391 2 15 theme statistical 412:422 arg1 modeling 424:431 statistical modeling 412:431 statistical modeling 412:431 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 7 16 theme combinations 1221:1232 arg1 influence 1194:1202 the influence 1190:1202 the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water 1190:1328 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 7 17 theme osmolytes 1237:1245 arg1 combinations 1221:1232 combinations 1221:1232 combinations 1221:1232 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 7 17 theme osmolytes 1237:1245 arg1 osmolytes 1207:1215 osmolytes 1207:1215 osmolytes 1207:1215 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 5 18 from osmolytes 988:996 arg1 recovery 1011:1018 post-thaw recovery 1001:1018 post-thaw recovery 1001:1018 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 7 19 theme Raman 1170:1174 arg1 images 1176:1181 Raman images 1170:1181 Raman images 1170:1181 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 2 20 theme low-temperature 321:335 arg1 spectroscopy 343:354 low-temperature Raman spectroscopy 321:354 low-temperature Raman spectroscopy 321:354 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 3 21 theme osmolytes 450:458 arg1 Combinations 434:445 Combinations 434:445 Combinations of osmolytes 434:458 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 6 22 theme glycerol 1051:1058 arg1 interactions 1072:1083 certain interactions 1064:1083 certain interactions between sugars and glycerol 1064:1111 Both higher concentrations of glycerol and certain interactions between sugars and glycerol were found to typically increase the post-thaw recovery. 30475391 6 22 theme glycerol 1051:1058 arg1 concentrations 1033:1046 higher concentrations 1026:1046 higher concentrations of glycerol 1026:1058 Both higher concentrations of glycerol and certain interactions between sugars and glycerol were found to typically increase the post-thaw recovery. 30475391 4 23 theme optimized 718:726 arg1 cryoprotectants 728:742 optimized cryoprotectants 718:742 optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 718:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 0 24 theme action 24:29 arg1 modes 15:19 modes 15:19 modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells 15:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 3 25 theme different 637:645 arg1 solutes 647:653 different solutes 637:653 different solutes 637:653 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 3 26 theme recovery 499:506 arg1 trends 479:484 distinct trends 470:484 distinct trends of post-thaw recovery 470:506 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 7 27 theme crystal 1254:1260 arg1 shape 1262:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 4 28 theme 1°C/min 804:810 arg1 rate 796:799 a cooling rate 786:799 a cooling rate of 1°C/min 786:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 1 29 theme osmolytes 205:213 arg1 combinations 184:195 three combinations 178:195 three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine 178:276 This study examined the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine. 30475391 0 30 theme interaction 35:45 arg1 modes 15:19 modes 15:19 modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells 15:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 6 31 theme higher 1026:1031 arg1 concentrations 1033:1046 higher concentrations 1026:1046 higher concentrations of glycerol 1026:1058 Both higher concentrations of glycerol and certain interactions between sugars and glycerol were found to typically increase the post-thaw recovery. 30475391 9 32 theme osmolyte 1561:1568 arg1 solutions 1570:1578 these osmolyte solutions 1555:1578 these osmolyte solutions 1555:1578 These studies help us understand the modes of action for cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions. 30475391 5 33 theme individual 935:944 arg1 osmolytes 946:954 individual osmolytes 935:954 individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery 935:1018 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 4 34 theme post-thaw 695:703 arg1 comparable 816:825 comparable 816:825 comparable 816:825 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 4 34 theme post-thaw 695:703 arg1 recovery 705:712 The post-thaw recovery 691:712 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 691:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 3 35 theme distinct 470:477 arg1 trends 479:484 distinct trends 470:484 distinct trends of post-thaw recovery 470:506 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 7 36 from influence 1194:1202 arg1 shape 1262:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 ice crystal shape 1250:1266 Raman images showed the influence of osmolytes and combinations of osmolytes on ice crystal shape, which reflected the interactions between osmolytes and water. 30475391 0 37 from solutions 75:83 arg1 cells 95:99 Jurkat cells 88:99 Jurkat cells 88:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 5 38 theme Statistical 873:883 arg1 modeling 885:892 Statistical modeling 873:892 Statistical modeling 873:892 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 3 39 theme post-thaw 489:497 arg1 recovery 499:506 post-thaw recovery 489:506 post-thaw recovery 489:506 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 0 40 theme multicomponent 51:64 arg1 solutions 75:83 multicomponent osmolyte solutions 51:83 multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells 51:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 5 41 theme osmolytes 946:954 arg1 importance 921:930 the importance 917:930 the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery 917:1018 Statistical modeling was used to understand the importance of individual osmolytes as well as interactions between osmolytes on post-thaw recovery. 30475391 9 42 theme action 1519:1524 arg1 modes 1510:1514 the modes 1506:1514 the modes of action for cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions 1506:1578 These studies help us understand the modes of action for cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions. 30475391 3 43 theme nonlinear 515:523 arg1 relationship 525:536 a nonlinear relationship 513:536 a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery 513:580 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 30475391 2 44 theme post-thaw 374:382 arg1 recovery 384:391 post-thaw recovery 374:391 post-thaw recovery 374:391 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 1 45 theme Jurkat 148:153 arg1 cells 155:159 Jurkat cells 148:159 Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine 148:276 This study examined the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine. 30475391 8 46 from Differences 1331:1341 arg1 composition 1350:1360 the composition 1346:1360 the composition 1346:1360 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 4 47 theme osmolytes 773:781 arg1 combinations 757:768 different combinations 747:768 different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 747:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 4 48 from rate 796:799 arg1 combinations 757:768 different combinations 747:768 different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 747:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 4 48 from rate 796:799 arg1 osmolytes 773:781 osmolytes 773:781 osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min 773:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 4 49 theme 10 849:850 arg1 % 851:851 % 851:851 % 851:851 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 1 50 theme post-thaw 126:134 arg1 recovery 136:143 the post-thaw recovery 122:143 the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine 122:276 This study examined the post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved in three combinations of five osmolytes including trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, mannitol, and creatine. 30475391 8 51 theme ice 1419:1421 arg1 formation 1423:1431 intracellular ice formation 1405:1431 intracellular ice formation 1405:1431 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 2 52 theme Raman 337:341 arg1 spectroscopy 343:354 low-temperature Raman spectroscopy 321:354 low-temperature Raman spectroscopy 321:354 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 4 53 theme cooling 788:794 arg1 rate 796:799 a cooling rate 786:799 a cooling rate of 1°C/min 786:810 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 4 54 theme dimethyl 853:860 arg1 sulfoxide 862:870 10% dimethyl sulfoxide 849:870 10% dimethyl sulfoxide 849:870 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 9 55 from agents 1545:1550 arg1 solutions 1570:1578 these osmolyte solutions 1555:1578 these osmolyte solutions 1555:1578 These studies help us understand the modes of action for cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions. 30475391 2 56 theme recovery 384:391 arg1 variation 361:369 variation 361:369 variation of post-thaw recovery 361:391 Cellular response was characterized using low-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and variation of post-thaw recovery was analyzed using statistical modeling. 30475391 8 57 dep presence 1382:1389 arg1 the 1378:1380 the 1378:1380 the 1378:1380 Differences in the composition also influenced the presence or absence of intracellular ice formation, which could also be detected by Raman. 30475391 0 58 theme osmolyte 66:73 arg1 solutions 75:83 multicomponent osmolyte solutions 51:83 multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells 51:99 Characterizing modes of action and interaction for multicomponent osmolyte solutions on Jurkat cells. 30475391 9 59 theme cryoprotective 1530:1543 arg1 agents 1545:1550 cryoprotective agents 1530:1550 cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions 1530:1578 These studies help us understand the modes of action for cryoprotective agents in these osmolyte solutions. 30475391 4 60 theme % 851:851 arg1 sulfoxide 862:870 10% dimethyl sulfoxide 849:870 10% dimethyl sulfoxide 849:870 The post-thaw recovery for optimized cryoprotectants in different combinations of osmolytes at a cooling rate of 1°C/min was comparable to that measured with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. 30475391 3 61 theme post-thaw 563:571 arg1 recovery 573:580 post-thaw recovery 563:580 post-thaw recovery 563:580 Combinations of osmolytes displayed distinct trends of post-thaw recovery, and a nonlinear relationship between compositions and post-thaw recovery was observed, suggesting interactions not only between different solutes but also between solutes and cells. 29442628 3 0 theme N-[ 688:690 arg1 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 0 theme N-[ 688:690 arg1 chitosan 739:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan 688:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) 688:753 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 1 theme chloride 730:737 arg1 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 1 theme chloride 730:737 arg1 chitosan 739:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan 688:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) 688:753 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 7 2 theme 4HTCC 1412:1416 arg1 membranes 1418:1426 the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes 1398:1426 the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes 1398:1426 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 3 3 theme propyl 722:727 arg1 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 3 theme propyl 722:727 arg1 chitosan 739:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan 688:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) 688:753 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 2 4 theme modified 285:292 arg1 fabrication 324:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 7 5 theme HTCC/PAA 1403:1410 arg1 membranes 1418:1426 the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes 1398:1426 the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes 1398:1426 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 6 6 theme angle 1204:1208 arg1 tests 1210:1214 contact angle tests 1196:1214 contact angle tests 1196:1214 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 2 7 theme fabrication 324:334 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 7 theme fabrication 324:334 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 3 8 theme LbL 583:585 arg1 method 601:606 LbL self-assembly method 583:606 LbL self-assembly method 583:606 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 6 9 theme contact 1196:1202 arg1 tests 1210:1214 contact angle tests 1196:1214 contact angle tests 1196:1214 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 5 10 theme 1 1070:1070 arg1 g/L 1072:1074 g/L 1072:1074 g/L 1072:1074 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 3 11 theme sulfone 626:632 arg1 membrane 661:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 9 12 theme prepared 1686:1693 arg1 membranes 1695:1703 the prepared membranes 1682:1703 the prepared membranes 1682:1703 In addition, the prepared membranes exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. 29442628 3 13 theme polyacrylic 759:769 arg1 acid 771:774 polyacrylic acid 759:774 polyacrylic acid (PAA) 759:780 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 13 theme polyacrylic 759:769 arg1 PAA 777:779 PAA 777:779 PAA 777:779 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 5 14 theme 5 1041:1041 arg1 g/L 1043:1045 g/L 1043:1045 g/L 1043:1045 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 6 15 theme Atomic 1168:1173 arg1 microscopy 1181:1190 Atomic force microscopy 1168:1190 Atomic force microscopy 1168:1190 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 3 16 theme active 785:790 arg1 layer 792:796 active layer 785:796 active layer 785:796 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 5 17 theme HTCC 1047:1050 arg1 solution 1060:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 3 18 theme ultrafiltration 640:654 arg1 membrane 661:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 7 19 theme > 1563:1563 arg1 Ibuprofen 1565:1573 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 9 20 theme antibacterial 1725:1737 arg1 activity 1739:1746 excellent antibacterial activity 1715:1746 excellent antibacterial activity 1715:1746 In addition, the prepared membranes exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. 29442628 5 21 theme = 1093:1093 arg1 pH 1090:1091 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 5 21 theme = 1093:1093 arg1 solution 1080:1087 1 g/L PAA solution 1070:1087 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8) 1070:1098 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 3 22 theme PES 635:637 arg1 membrane 661:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 1 23 theme treatment 163:171 arg1 field 148:152 the field 144:152 the field of water treatment for its unique advantages 144:197 Membrane technology is now being widely used in the field of water treatment for its unique advantages. 29442628 7 24 theme > 1547:1547 arg1 > 1563:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > 1525:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 6 25 theme sulfone 1339:1345 arg1 membranes 1353:1361 the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes 1325:1361 the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes 1325:1361 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 7 26 theme > 1536:1536 arg1 > 1563:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > 1525:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 4 27 theme photoreduction 921:934 arg1 technique 936:944 photoreduction technique 921:944 photoreduction technique 921:944 Subsequently, nanosilver was finally loaded on the membrane surface by photoreduction technique. 29442628 5 28 theme PAA 1076:1078 arg1 pH 1090:1091 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 5 28 theme PAA 1076:1078 arg1 solution 1080:1087 1 g/L PAA solution 1070:1087 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8) 1070:1098 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 1 29 theme Membrane 96:103 arg1 technology 105:114 Membrane technology 96:114 Membrane technology 96:114 Membrane technology is now being widely used in the field of water treatment for its unique advantages. 29442628 0 30 theme Antibacterial 0:12 arg1 Properties 14:23 Antibacterial Properties 0:23 Antibacterial Properties 0:23 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 2 31 used used 350:353 arg2 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 31 used used 350:353 arg2 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 32 theme chemical 423:430 arg1 deposition 432:441 chemical deposition 423:441 chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes 423:461 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 33 theme membranes 410:418 arg1 properties 396:405 the surface properties 384:405 the surface properties of membranes 384:418 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 33 theme membranes 410:418 arg1 thickness 370:378 the thickness 366:378 the thickness 366:378 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 0 34 theme Layer-by-Layer 40:53 arg1 Membranes 85:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 7 35 theme care 1495:1498 arg1 products 1500:1507 personal care products 1486:1507 personal care products 1486:1507 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 3 36 theme UF 657:658 arg1 membrane 661:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 37 theme composite 486:494 arg1 membrane 499:506 composite NF membrane 486:506 composite NF membrane 486:506 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 0 38 theme Nanofiltration 70:83 arg1 Membranes 85:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 5 39 theme g/L 1109:1111 arg1 NaCl 1113:1116 0.5 g/L NaCl 1105:1116 0.5 g/L NaCl 1105:1116 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 0 40 dep Enhancement 25:35 arg1 Properties 14:23 Antibacterial Properties 0:23 Antibacterial Properties 0:23 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 3 41 theme support 673:679 arg1 layer 681:685 support layer 673:685 support layer 673:685 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 42 theme enhanced 513:520 arg1 properties 536:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 8 43 theme nano-silver 1632:1642 arg1 presence 1620:1627 the presence 1616:1627 the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface 1616:1666 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 7 44 theme highly-efficient 1438:1453 arg1 removal 1455:1461 highly-efficient removal 1438:1461 highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products 1438:1507 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 3 45 theme membrane 499:506 arg1 kind 478:481 a new kind 472:481 a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties 472:545 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 5 46 theme optimum 1147:1153 arg1 performance 1155:1165 optimum performance 1147:1165 optimum performance 1147:1165 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 8 47 theme Diffraction 1586:1596 arg1 results 1598:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results 1576:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results 1576:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 6 48 theme prepared 1232:1239 arg1 membranes 1241:1249 the prepared membranes 1228:1249 the prepared membranes 1228:1249 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 3 49 with kind 478:481 arg1 properties 536:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 2 50 theme nanofiltration 294:307 arg1 fabrication 324:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 1 51 theme unique 181:186 arg1 advantages 188:197 its unique advantages 177:197 its unique advantages 177:197 Membrane technology is now being widely used in the field of water treatment for its unique advantages. 29442628 3 52 theme self-assembly 587:599 arg1 method 601:606 LbL self-assembly method 583:606 LbL self-assembly method 583:606 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 7 53 theme retention 1368:1376 arg1 test 1378:1381 The retention test 1364:1381 The retention test 1364:1381 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 2 54 theme membranes 314:322 arg1 fabrication 324:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication 285:334 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 8 55 attach presence 1620:1627 arg1 surface 1660:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 8 55 attach presence 1620:1627 arg2 nano-silver 1632:1642 nano-silver 1632:1642 nano-silver 1632:1642 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 3 56 theme polyether 616:624 arg1 membrane 661:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane 616:668 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 4 57 theme membrane 901:908 arg1 surface 910:916 the membrane surface 897:916 the membrane surface 897:916 Subsequently, nanosilver was finally loaded on the membrane surface by photoreduction technique. 29442628 5 58 theme g/L 1072:1074 arg1 pH 1090:1091 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 pH = 6-8 1090:1097 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 5 58 theme g/L 1072:1074 arg1 solution 1080:1087 1 g/L PAA solution 1070:1087 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8) 1070:1098 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 7 59 theme Ibuprofen 1565:1573 arg1 order 1516:1520 the order 1512:1520 the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1512:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 6 60 theme force 1175:1179 arg1 microscopy 1181:1190 Atomic force microscopy 1168:1190 Atomic force microscopy 1168:1190 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 6 61 theme surface 1264:1270 arg1 roughness 1272:1280 the surface roughness 1260:1280 the surface roughness 1260:1280 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 5 62 theme g/L 1043:1045 arg1 solution 1060:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 3 63 theme crosslinking 828:839 arg1 reagent 841:847 crosslinking reagent 828:847 crosslinking reagent 828:847 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 7 64 theme Carbamazepine 1549:1561 arg1 > 1563:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > 1525:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 9 65 theme excellent 1715:1723 arg1 activity 1739:1746 excellent antibacterial activity 1715:1746 excellent antibacterial activity 1715:1746 In addition, the prepared membranes exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. 29442628 5 66 theme aqueous 1052:1058 arg1 solution 1060:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution 1041:1067 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 2 67 theme versatile 265:273 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 67 theme versatile 265:273 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 1 68 theme water 157:161 arg1 treatment 163:171 water treatment 157:171 water treatment 157:171 Membrane technology is now being widely used in the field of water treatment for its unique advantages. 29442628 7 69 theme Atenolol 1538:1545 arg1 > 1563:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > 1525:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 7 70 theme Amlodipine 1525:1534 arg1 > 1563:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > 1525:1563 Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen 1525:1573 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 6 71 theme polyether 1329:1337 arg1 PES 1348:1350 PES 1348:1350 PES 1348:1350 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 6 71 theme polyether 1329:1337 arg1 sulfone 1339:1345 the polyether sulfone 1325:1345 the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes 1325:1361 Atomic force microscopy and contact angle tests showed that the prepared membranes improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity as compared to those of the polyether sulfone (PES) membranes. 29442628 9 72 theme gram-negative 1768:1780 arg1 bacteria 1782:1789 gram-negative bacteria 1768:1789 gram-negative bacteria 1768:1789 In addition, the prepared membranes exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. 29442628 8 73 from presence 1620:1627 arg1 surface 1660:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 2 74 theme surface 388:394 arg1 properties 396:405 the surface properties 384:405 the surface properties of membranes 384:418 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 75 theme polyelectrolytes 446:461 arg1 deposition 432:441 chemical deposition 423:441 chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes 423:461 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 76 theme convenient 250:259 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 76 theme convenient 250:259 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 77 theme Layer-by-layer 200:213 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 77 theme Layer-by-layer 200:213 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 3 78 theme new 474:476 arg1 kind 478:481 a new kind 472:481 a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties 472:545 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 0 79 theme Self-Assembled 55:68 arg1 Membranes 85:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 40:93 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 5 80 theme semi-assembled 1001:1014 arg1 membranes 1016:1024 four semi-assembled membranes 996:1024 the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt 973:1135 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 0 81 theme Membranes 85:93 arg1 Enhancement 25:35 Enhancement 25:35 Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes 25:93 Antibacterial Properties Enhancement of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Nanofiltration Membranes. 29442628 5 82 theme 0.5 1105:1107 arg1 g/L 1109:1111 g/L 1109:1111 g/L 1109:1111 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 7 83 theme products 1500:1507 arg1 removal 1455:1461 highly-efficient removal 1438:1461 highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products 1438:1507 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 1 84 used used 136:139 arg2 technology 105:114 Membrane technology 96:114 Membrane technology 96:114 Membrane technology is now being widely used in the field of water treatment for its unique advantages. 29442628 2 85 theme self-assembly 221:233 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 85 theme self-assembly 221:233 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 3 86 theme NF 496:497 arg1 membrane 499:506 composite NF membrane 486:506 composite NF membrane 486:506 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 7 87 theme personal 1486:1493 arg1 products 1500:1507 personal care products 1486:1507 personal care products 1486:1507 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 2 88 theme LbL 216:218 arg1 technique 235:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique 200:243 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 2 88 theme LbL 216:218 arg1 method 275:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 a convenient and versatile method 248:280 Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique is a convenient and versatile method of modified nanofiltration (NF) membranes fabrication, which can be used to control the thickness and the surface properties of membranes by chemical deposition of polyelectrolytes. 29442628 7 89 theme pharmaceuticals 1466:1480 arg1 removal 1455:1461 highly-efficient removal 1438:1461 highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products 1438:1507 The retention test indicated that the (HTCC/PAA)4HTCC membranes exhibited highly-efficient removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the order of Amlodipine > Atenolol > Carbamazepine > Ibuprofen. 29442628 5 90 theme charged 988:994 arg1 membranes 1016:1024 four semi-assembled membranes 996:1024 the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt 973:1135 Our results revealed that the positively charged four semi-assembled membranes prepared using 5 g/L HTCC aqueous solution, 1 g/L PAA solution (pH = 6-8), and 0.5 g/L NaCl as supporting salt exhibited optimum performance. 29442628 8 91 theme X-ray 1580:1584 arg1 results 1598:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results 1576:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results 1576:1604 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 29442628 3 92 theme 2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium 692:720 arg1 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 HTCC 749:752 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 92 theme 2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium 692:720 arg1 chitosan 739:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan 688:746 N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) 688:753 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 3 93 theme antibacterial 522:534 arg1 properties 536:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 enhanced antibacterial properties 513:545 Herein, a new kind of composite NF membrane with enhanced antibacterial properties was successfully fabricated through LbL self-assembly method, having polyether sulfone (PES) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as support layer, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as active layer, and epichlorohydrin (ECH) as crosslinking reagent. 29442628 8 94 theme membrane 1651:1658 arg1 surface 1660:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 the membrane surface 1647:1666 The X-ray Diffraction results confirmed the presence of nano-silver on the membrane surface. 31321967 6 0 theme elastic 1332:1338 arg1 modulus 1340:1346 an improved elastic modulus 1320:1346 an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa 1320:1359 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 3 1 theme resulting 688:696 arg1 hydrogels 705:713 the resulting hybrid hydrogels 684:713 the resulting hybrid hydrogels 684:713 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 1 theme resulting 688:696 arg1 LPF-CMDH 742:749 LPF-CMDH 742:749 LPF-CMDH 742:749 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 1 theme resulting 688:696 arg1 LPF-AD 731:736 LPF-AD 731:736 LPF-AD 731:736 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 6 2 theme neat 1243:1246 arg1 hydrogel 1248:1255 the neat hydrogel 1239:1255 the neat hydrogel 1239:1255 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 1 3 theme biological 166:175 arg1 substrates 186:195 biological material substrates 166:195 biological material substrates in tissue engineering 166:217 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 7 4 theme 3T3 1462:1464 arg1 cells 1477:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 4 5 theme hydrogen 918:925 arg1 bonding 927:933 hydrogen bonding 918:933 hydrogen bonding 918:933 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 5 6 theme Morphological 997:1009 arg1 studies 1011:1017 Morphological studies 997:1017 Morphological studies 997:1017 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 8 7 theme weak 1787:1790 arg1 gelators 1807:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 1 8 theme material 177:184 arg1 substrates 186:195 biological material substrates 166:195 biological material substrates in tissue engineering 166:217 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 8 9 theme hydrogels 1640:1648 arg1 properties 1614:1623 the mechanical properties 1599:1623 the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels 1599:1648 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 4 10 theme AD 892:893 arg1 carboxyl 839:846 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 carboxyl 839:846 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 10 theme AD 892:893 arg1 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 10 theme AD 892:893 arg1 groups 869:874 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 groups 869:874 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 10 theme AD 892:893 arg1 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 5 11 theme dense 1081:1085 arg1 fibers 1118:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 6 12 theme hydrogels 1224:1232 arg1 superiority 1198:1208 the superiority 1194:1208 the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively 1194:1416 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 5 13 theme fibers 1118:1123 arg1 result 1071:1076 a result 1069:1076 a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively 1069:1161 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 5 13 theme fibers 1118:1123 arg1 hydrogels 1044:1052 the hybrid hydrogels 1033:1052 the hybrid hydrogels 1033:1052 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 2 14 dep stability 342:350 arg1 the 338:340 the 338:340 the 338:340 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 5 15 dep thin 1103:1106 arg1 branched 1094:1101 branched 1094:1101 branched 1094:1101 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 6 16 theme hybrid 1217:1222 arg1 hydrogels 1224:1232 the hybrid hydrogels 1213:1232 the hybrid hydrogels 1213:1232 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 2 17 with bonding 516:522 arg1 gelator 550:556 the gelator 546:556 the gelator 546:556 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 3 18 theme CMDH 792:795 arg1 CMDH 792:795 CMDH 792:795 CMDH (mg) 792:800 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 18 theme CMDH 792:795 arg1 AD 785:786 AD 785:786 AD 785:786 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 18 theme CMDH 792:795 arg1 amount 775:780 the amount 771:780 the amount of AD and CMDH (mg) 771:800 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 18 theme CMDH 792:795 arg1 mg 798:799 mg 798:799 mg 798:799 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 2 19 theme π-π 528:530 arg1 stacking 532:539 π-π stacking 528:539 π-π stacking 528:539 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 8 20 theme supramolecular 1792:1805 arg1 gelators 1807:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 2 21 theme C2-phenylalanine 391:406 arg1 gelator 408:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator 381:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF) 381:420 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 2 21 theme C2-phenylalanine 391:406 arg1 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 6 22 theme mechanical 1293:1302 arg1 properties 1304:1313 the best mechanical properties 1284:1313 the best mechanical properties 1284:1313 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 3 23 theme hybrid 698:703 arg1 hydrogels 705:713 the resulting hybrid hydrogels 684:713 the resulting hybrid hydrogels 684:713 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 23 theme hybrid 698:703 arg1 LPF-CMDH 742:749 LPF-CMDH 742:749 LPF-CMDH 742:749 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 23 theme hybrid 698:703 arg1 LPF-AD 731:736 LPF-AD 731:736 LPF-AD 731:736 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 24 theme AD 785:786 arg1 CMDH 792:795 CMDH 792:795 CMDH (mg) 792:800 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 24 theme AD 785:786 arg1 AD 785:786 AD 785:786 AD 785:786 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 24 theme AD 785:786 arg1 amount 775:780 the amount 771:780 the amount of AD and CMDH (mg) 771:800 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 24 theme AD 785:786 arg1 mg 798:799 mg 798:799 mg 798:799 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 2 25 theme gelator 408:414 arg1 stability 342:350 stability 342:350 stability 342:350 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 2 25 theme gelator 408:414 arg1 properties 367:376 mechanical properties 356:376 mechanical properties 356:376 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 0 26 theme Stable 13:18 arg1 Hydrogels 44:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels for Manipulating Cell Adhesion. 31321967 6 27 theme improved 1323:1330 arg1 modulus 1340:1346 an improved elastic modulus 1320:1346 an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa 1320:1359 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 4 28 theme LPF 807:809 arg1 gelator 811:817 The LPF gelator 803:817 The LPF gelator 803:817 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 8 29 theme facile 1658:1663 arg1 incorporation 1665:1677 the facile incorporation 1654:1677 the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1654:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 1 30 theme tissue 200:205 arg1 engineering 207:217 tissue engineering 200:217 tissue engineering 200:217 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 2 31 theme polysaccharide 442:455 arg1 dextran 457:463 the polysaccharide dextran 438:463 the polysaccharide dextran 438:463 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 5 32 theme broad 1112:1116 arg1 fibers 1118:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 1 33 theme viscoelastic 100:111 arg1 properties 113:122 the viscoelastic properties 96:122 the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels 96:150 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 8 34 theme biodegradable 1682:1694 arg1 additives 1729:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 2 35 theme derived 383:389 arg1 gelator 408:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator 381:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF) 381:420 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 2 35 theme derived 383:389 arg1 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 0 36 theme Hybrid 37:42 arg1 Hydrogels 44:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels for Manipulating Cell Adhesion. 31321967 1 37 theme cell 303:306 arg1 fate 308:311 cell fate 303:311 cell fate 303:311 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 6 38 theme best 1288:1291 arg1 properties 1304:1313 the best mechanical properties 1284:1313 the best mechanical properties 1284:1313 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 2 39 with stacking 532:539 arg1 gelator 550:556 the gelator 546:556 the gelator 546:556 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 1 40 theme properties 113:122 arg1 Tuning 86:91 Tuning 86:91 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering 86:217 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 0 41 theme C2-Phenylalanine 20:35 arg1 Hydrogels 44:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels 0:52 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels for Manipulating Cell Adhesion. 31321967 7 42 theme fibroblast 1466:1475 arg1 cells 1477:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 2 43 theme mechanical 356:365 arg1 properties 367:376 mechanical properties 356:376 mechanical properties 356:376 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 8 44 theme biocompatible 1700:1712 arg1 additives 1729:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 4 45 theme π-π 939:941 arg1 stacking 943:950 π-π stacking 939:950 π-π stacking 939:950 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 7 46 dep adhesion 1423:1430 arg1 behavior 1446:1453 behavior 1446:1453 behavior 1446:1453 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 7 46 dep adhesion 1423:1430 arg1 The 1419:1421 The 1419:1421 The 1419:1421 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 4 47 theme CMDH 883:886 arg1 carboxyl 839:846 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 carboxyl 839:846 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 47 theme CMDH 883:886 arg1 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 47 theme CMDH 883:886 arg1 groups 869:874 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 groups 869:874 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 47 theme CMDH 883:886 arg1 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 2 48 link derived 383:389 arg1 gelator 408:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator 381:414 a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF) 381:420 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 2 48 link derived 383:389 arg1 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 LPF 417:419 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 7 49 theme enhanced 1553:1560 arg1 properties 1573:1582 their enhanced mechanical properties 1547:1582 their enhanced mechanical properties 1547:1582 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 8 50 theme engineering 1902:1912 arg1 field 1886:1890 the field 1882:1890 the field of tissue engineering 1882:1912 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 7 51 theme NIH 1458:1460 arg1 cells 1477:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells 1458:1481 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 4 52 theme stable 979:984 arg1 hydrogels 986:994 mechanically stable hydrogels 966:994 mechanically stable hydrogels 966:994 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 8 53 theme additives 1729:1737 arg1 incorporation 1665:1677 the facile incorporation 1654:1677 the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1654:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 0 54 theme Cell 71:74 arg1 Adhesion 76:83 Cell Adhesion 71:83 Cell Adhesion 71:83 Mechanically Stable C2-Phenylalanine Hybrid Hydrogels for Manipulating Cell Adhesion. 31321967 4 55 dep CMDH 883:886 arg1 the 879:881 the 879:881 the 879:881 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 1 56 from years 263:267 arg1 relevant 244:251 relevant 244:251 relevant 244:251 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 5 57 theme hybrid 1037:1042 arg1 result 1071:1076 a result 1069:1076 a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively 1069:1161 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 5 57 theme hybrid 1037:1042 arg1 hydrogels 1044:1052 the hybrid hydrogels 1033:1052 the hybrid hydrogels 1033:1052 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 3 58 theme carboxymethyl 591:603 arg1 CMDH 614:617 CMDH 614:617 CMDH 614:617 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 58 theme carboxymethyl 591:603 arg1 dextran 605:611 carboxymethyl dextran 591:611 carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH) 591:618 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 1 59 from relevant 244:251 arg1 years 263:267 recent years 256:267 recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate 256:311 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 1 60 theme supramolecular 127:140 arg1 hydrogels 142:150 supramolecular hydrogels 127:150 supramolecular hydrogels 127:150 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 5 61 theme thin 1103:1106 arg1 fibers 1118:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 dense highly branched thin and broad fibers 1081:1123 Morphological studies revealed that the hybrid hydrogels were formed as a result of dense highly branched thin and broad fibers for LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, respectively. 31321967 8 62 theme tissue 1895:1900 arg1 engineering 1902:1912 tissue engineering 1895:1912 tissue engineering 1895:1912 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 1 63 theme hydrogels 142:150 arg1 properties 113:122 the viscoelastic properties 96:122 the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels 96:150 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 7 64 theme cells 1477:1481 arg1 spreading 1436:1444 spreading 1436:1444 spreading 1436:1444 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 7 64 theme cells 1477:1481 arg1 adhesion 1423:1430 adhesion 1423:1430 adhesion 1423:1430 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 4 65 theme functional 858:867 arg1 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 65 theme functional 858:867 arg1 groups 869:874 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 groups 869:874 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 65 theme functional 858:867 arg1 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 8 66 theme supposed 1778:1785 arg1 gelators 1807:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 the supposed weak supramolecular gelators 1774:1814 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 4 67 theme amino 852:856 arg1 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 AD 892:893 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 67 theme amino 852:856 arg1 groups 869:874 the carboxyl and amino functional groups 835:874 groups 869:874 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 4 67 theme amino 852:856 arg1 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 CMDH 883:886 The LPF gelator interacted with the carboxyl and amino functional groups of the CMDH and AD, respectively, through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, resulting in mechanically stable hydrogels. 31321967 3 68 theme amino 664:668 arg1 dextran 670:676 amino dextran 664:676 amino dextran (AD) 664:681 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 3 68 theme amino 664:668 arg1 AD 679:680 AD 679:680 AD 679:680 Dextran was esterified to yield carboxymethyl dextran (CMDH), which was subsequently amidated to furnish amino dextran (AD), the resulting hybrid hydrogels were denoted as LPF-AD and LPF-CMDH, where x represents the amount of AD and CMDH (mg). 31321967 7 69 theme mechanical 1562:1571 arg1 properties 1573:1582 their enhanced mechanical properties 1547:1582 their enhanced mechanical properties 1547:1582 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 8 70 theme properties 1614:1623 arg1 tuning 1589:1594 The tuning 1585:1594 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1585:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 1 71 theme recent 256:261 arg1 years 263:267 recent years 256:267 recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate 256:311 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 6 72 theme Pa 1358:1359 arg1 modulus 1340:1346 an improved elastic modulus 1320:1346 an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa 1320:1359 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 8 73 theme therein 1632:1638 arg1 hydrogels 1640:1648 the therein hydrogels 1628:1648 the therein hydrogels 1628:1648 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 6 74 theme Rheological 1164:1174 arg1 studies 1176:1182 Rheological studies 1164:1182 Rheological studies 1164:1182 Rheological studies confirmed the superiority of the hybrid hydrogels over the neat hydrogel, where LPF-CMDH3 exhibited the best mechanical properties with an improved elastic modulus of 11 654 Pa over 1518 and 140 Pa for LPF-AD4.5 and LPF, respectively. 31321967 8 75 theme mechanical 1603:1612 arg1 properties 1614:1623 the mechanical properties 1599:1623 the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels 1599:1648 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 2 76 theme hydrogen 507:514 arg1 bonding 516:522 hydrogen bonding 507:522 hydrogen bonding 507:522 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 7 77 theme LPF-CMDH3 1518:1526 arg1 substrate 1528:1536 the LPF-CMDH3 substrate 1514:1536 the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties 1514:1582 The adhesion and spreading behavior of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells were significantly improved on the LPF-CMDH3 substrate owing to their enhanced mechanical properties. 31321967 1 78 from substrates 186:195 arg1 engineering 207:217 tissue engineering 200:217 tissue engineering 200:217 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31321967 2 79 theme dextran 457:463 arg1 additives 486:494 additives 486:494 additives 486:494 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 2 79 theme dextran 457:463 arg1 derivatives 423:433 derivatives 423:433 derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran 423:463 In the quest to enhance the stability and mechanical properties of a derived C2-phenylalanine gelator (LPF), derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran were incorporated as additives to promote hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking with the gelator. 31321967 8 80 theme functionalized 1714:1727 arg1 additives 1729:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives 1682:1737 The tuning of the mechanical properties of the therein hydrogels via the facile incorporation of biodegradable and biocompatible functionalized additives opens up avenues for strengthening the supposed weak supramolecular gelators and hence increasing their potential of being employed largely in the field of tissue engineering. 31321967 1 81 theme due 269:271 arg1 years 263:267 recent years 256:267 recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate 256:311 Tuning of the viscoelastic properties of supramolecular hydrogels to be used as biological material substrates in tissue engineering has become significantly relevant in recent years due to their ability to influence cell fate. 31476390 0 0 theme flat 81:84 arg1 bread 86:90 unleavened flat bread 70:90 unleavened flat bread 70:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 finger 291:296 finger 291:296 finger 291:296 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 foxtail 299:305 foxtail 299:305 foxtail 299:305 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 little 324:329 little 324:329 little 324:329 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 proso 332:336 proso 332:336 proso 332:336 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 barnyard 308:315 barnyard 308:315 barnyard 308:315 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 1 dep millets 282:288 arg1 kodo 318:321 kodo 318:321 kodo 318:321 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 5 2 theme glycemic 814:821 arg1 index 823:827 glycemic index 814:827 glycemic index 814:827 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 4 3 theme wheat 669:673 arg1 flour 692:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 6 4 theme whole 986:990 arg1 flour 992:996 whole flour 986:996 whole flour 986:996 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 0 5 theme unleavened 70:79 arg1 bread 86:90 unleavened flat bread 70:90 unleavened flat bread 70:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 6 6 theme food 1032:1035 arg1 products 1037:1044 food products 1032:1044 food products having higher neutraceutical value 1032:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 3 7 theme peak 602:605 arg1 viscosity 607:615 peak viscosity 602:615 peak viscosity 602:615 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 5 8 dep increased 882:890 arg1 p < 0.05 907:914 p < 0.05 907:914 p < 0.05 907:914 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 0 9 from Modulation 0:9 arg1 attributes 22:31 quality attributes 14:31 quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread 14:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 3 10 theme millet 485:490 arg1 flours 492:497 The millet flours 481:497 The millet flours 481:497 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 5 11 theme flour 944:948 arg1 addition 950:957 millet flour addition 937:957 millet flour addition to wheat flour 937:972 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 1 12 theme wheat 249:253 arg1 flour 255:259 wheat flour 249:259 wheat flour 249:259 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 0 13 theme bread 86:90 arg1 dough 36:40 dough 36:40 dough 36:40 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 0 13 theme bread 86:90 arg1 digestibility 53:65 starch digestibility 46:65 starch digestibility 46:65 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 1 14 theme flour 255:259 arg1 part 241:244 a part 239:244 a part of wheat flour 239:259 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 0 15 theme wheat 105:109 arg1 flour 111:115 wheat flour 105:115 wheat flour 105:115 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 6 16 theme flour 1110:1114 arg1 part 1096:1099 a part 1094:1099 a part of wheat flour 1094:1114 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 6 17 theme neutraceutical 1060:1073 arg1 value 1075:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 5 18 theme wheat 962:966 arg1 flour 968:972 wheat flour 962:972 wheat flour 962:972 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 1 19 theme dough 157:161 arg1 characteristics 163:177 The dough characteristics 153:177 The dough characteristics 153:177 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 20 from millets 282:288 arg1 3:1 357:359 the proportion 3:1 342:359 the proportion 3:1 342:359 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 5 21 theme digestible 792:801 arg1 starch 803:808 Rapidly digestible starch 784:808 Rapidly digestible starch 784:808 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 5 22 theme digestible 850:859 arg1 starch 875:880 slowly digestible and resistant starch 843:880 slowly digestible and resistant starch 843:880 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 4 23 theme Flat 643:646 arg1 breads 648:653 Flat breads 643:653 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour 643:696 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 2 24 theme phytic 384:389 arg1 acid 391:394 phytic acid 384:394 phytic acid 384:394 The dietary fiber and phytic acid increased while damaged starch decreased on replacing wheat flour with millet flour. 31476390 6 25 used utilized 1005:1012 arg2 Millets 975:981 Millets 975:981 Millets as whole flour 975:996 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 4 26 theme more 708:711 arg1 shrinkage 713:721 more shrinkage 708:721 more shrinkage 708:721 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 1 27 theme flat 183:186 arg1 parameters 202:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 1 28 theme different 266:274 arg1 millets 282:288 different minor millets 266:288 different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1 266:359 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 4 29 theme bake 727:730 arg1 loss 732:735 bake loss 727:735 bake loss 727:735 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 1 30 theme bread 188:192 arg1 parameters 202:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 0 31 theme quality 14:20 arg1 attributes 22:31 quality attributes 14:31 quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread 14:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 1 32 theme minor 276:280 arg1 millets 282:288 different minor millets 266:288 different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1 266:359 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 3 33 theme water 507:511 arg1 absorption 513:522 water absorption 507:522 water absorption 507:522 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 1 34 theme quality 194:200 arg1 parameters 202:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 flat bread quality parameters 183:211 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 0 35 theme dough 36:40 arg1 attributes 22:31 quality attributes 14:31 quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread 14:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 6 36 theme wheat 1104:1108 arg1 flour 1110:1114 wheat flour 1104:1114 wheat flour 1104:1114 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 0 37 theme minor 132:136 arg1 flours 145:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 5 38 theme resistant 865:873 arg1 starch 875:880 slowly digestible and resistant starch 843:880 slowly digestible and resistant starch 843:880 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 2 39 theme damaged 412:418 arg1 starch 420:425 damaged starch 412:425 damaged starch 412:425 The dietary fiber and phytic acid increased while damaged starch decreased on replacing wheat flour with millet flour. 31476390 0 40 theme different 122:130 arg1 flours 145:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 3 41 theme protein 552:558 arg1 weakening 560:568 protein weakening 552:568 protein weakening 552:568 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 0 42 theme starch 46:51 arg1 digestibility 53:65 starch digestibility 46:65 starch digestibility 46:65 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 1 43 theme proportion 346:355 arg1 3:1 357:359 the proportion 3:1 342:359 the proportion 3:1 342:359 The dough characteristics and flat bread quality parameters were studied on replacing a part of wheat flour with different minor millets (finger, foxtail, barnyard, kodo, little, proso) in the proportion 3:1. 31476390 3 44 theme dough 528:532 arg1 stability 534:542 dough stability 528:542 dough stability 528:542 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 4 45 theme composite 682:690 arg1 flour 692:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 6 46 theme products 1037:1044 arg1 formulation 1017:1027 formulation 1017:1027 formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value 1017:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 0 47 theme millet 138:143 arg1 flours 145:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 different minor millet flours 122:150 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 6 48 theme millet 1121:1126 arg1 flours 1128:1133 millet flours 1121:1133 millet flours 1121:1133 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 4 49 theme millet 675:680 arg1 flour 692:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 wheat millet composite flour 669:696 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 4 50 theme starch 761:766 arg1 retrogradation 768:781 starch retrogradation 761:781 starch retrogradation 761:781 Flat breads prepared from wheat millet composite flour displayed more shrinkage and bake loss and reduced puffing and starch retrogradation. 31476390 3 51 theme gelatinization 571:584 arg1 temperature 586:596 gelatinization temperature 571:596 gelatinization temperature 571:596 The millet flours lowered water absorption and dough stability however protein weakening, gelatinization temperature and peak viscosity during heating increased. 31476390 5 52 theme millet 937:942 arg1 addition 950:957 millet flour addition 937:957 millet flour addition to wheat flour 937:972 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 5 53 theme addition 950:957 arg1 consequence 922:932 a consequence 920:932 a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour 920:972 Rapidly digestible starch and glycemic index lowered while slowly digestible and resistant starch increased significantly (p < 0.05) as a consequence of millet flour addition to wheat flour. 31476390 6 54 contain having 1046:1051 arg2 value 1075:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 6 54 contain having 1046:1051 arg1 products 1037:1044 food products 1032:1044 food products having higher neutraceutical value 1032:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 2 55 theme wheat 450:454 arg1 flour 456:460 wheat flour 450:460 wheat flour 450:460 The dietary fiber and phytic acid increased while damaged starch decreased on replacing wheat flour with millet flour. 31476390 2 56 theme dietary 366:372 arg1 fiber 374:378 dietary fiber 366:378 dietary fiber 366:378 The dietary fiber and phytic acid increased while damaged starch decreased on replacing wheat flour with millet flour. 31476390 6 57 theme higher 1053:1058 arg1 value 1075:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 higher neutraceutical value 1053:1079 Millets as whole flour can be utilized in formulation of food products having higher neutraceutical value by replacing a part of wheat flour with millet flours. 31476390 0 58 theme digestibility 53:65 arg1 attributes 22:31 quality attributes 14:31 quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread 14:90 Modulation in quality attributes of dough and starch digestibility of unleavened flat bread on replacing wheat flour with different minor millet flours. 31476390 2 59 theme millet 467:472 arg1 flour 474:478 millet flour 467:478 millet flour 467:478 The dietary fiber and phytic acid increased while damaged starch decreased on replacing wheat flour with millet flour. 29897751 2 0 theme electrostatic 343:355 arg1 forces 436:441 the dominant driving forces 415:441 the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA 415:465 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 0 theme electrostatic 343:355 arg1 effect 403:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 0 theme electrostatic 343:355 arg1 attraction 357:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 0 theme electrostatic 343:355 arg1 bonding 378:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 5 1 dep rate 955:958 arg1 °C 936:937 4 °C 934:937 4 °C 934:937 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 5 1 dep rate 955:958 arg1 months 915:920 8 months 913:920 8 months of storage (4 °C) 913:938 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 5 1 dep rate 955:958 arg1 % 983:983 77.93% 978:983 77.93% 978:983 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 3 2 from 100:5:20 599:606 arg1 nanoparticle 569:580 nanoparticle 569:580 nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) 569:607 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 6 3 theme composite 1026:1034 arg1 nanoparticle 1036:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 6 3 theme composite 1026:1034 arg1 system 1080:1085 an efficient delivery system 1058:1085 an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds 1058:1138 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 4 4 theme thermal 874:880 arg1 stability 896:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 6 5 theme delivery 1071:1078 arg1 nanoparticle 1036:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 6 5 theme delivery 1071:1078 arg1 system 1080:1085 an efficient delivery system 1058:1085 an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds 1058:1138 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 4 6 from % 724:724 arg1 nanoparticles 816:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 3 7 theme morphological 505:517 arg1 structure 519:527 the morphological structure 501:527 the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex 501:550 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 0 8 theme Physicochemical 113:127 arg1 Stability 129:137 Physicochemical Stability 113:137 Physicochemical Stability 113:137 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid: Formation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability. 29897751 6 9 theme efficient 1061:1069 arg1 nanoparticle 1036:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 6 9 theme efficient 1061:1069 arg1 system 1080:1085 an efficient delivery system 1058:1085 an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds 1058:1138 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 1 10 theme composite 170:178 arg1 nanoparticles 180:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 0 11 theme Composite 21:29 arg1 Nanoparticles 31:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles 0:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid 0:77 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid: Formation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability. 29897751 2 12 theme CD 310:311 arg1 results 321:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 3 13 theme zein-Que-HA 532:542 arg1 complex 544:550 zein-Que-HA complex 532:550 zein-Que-HA complex 532:550 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 0 14 theme Quercetagetin-Loaded 0:19 arg1 Nanoparticles 31:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles 0:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid 0:77 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid: Formation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability. 29897751 3 15 dep 100:5:30 639:646 arg1 to 636:637 to 636:637 to 636:637 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 0 16 dep Formation 80:88 arg1 Nanoparticles 31:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles 0:43 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid 0:77 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid: Formation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability. 29897751 2 17 theme hydrogen 369:376 arg1 forces 436:441 the dominant driving forces 415:441 the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA 415:465 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 17 theme hydrogen 369:376 arg1 effect 403:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 17 theme hydrogen 369:376 arg1 attraction 357:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 17 theme hydrogen 369:376 arg1 bonding 378:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 18 theme driving 428:434 arg1 forces 436:441 the dominant driving forces 415:441 the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA 415:465 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 18 theme driving 428:434 arg1 effect 403:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 18 theme driving 428:434 arg1 attraction 357:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 18 theme driving 428:434 arg1 bonding 378:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 19 theme dominant 419:426 arg1 forces 436:441 the dominant driving forces 415:441 the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA 415:465 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 19 theme dominant 419:426 arg1 effect 403:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 19 theme dominant 419:426 arg1 attraction 357:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 19 theme dominant 419:426 arg1 bonding 378:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 5 20 theme Que 963:965 arg1 rate 955:958 the retention rate 941:958 the retention rate of Que 941:965 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 2 21 theme FTIR 304:307 arg1 results 321:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 4 22 dep % 752:752 arg1 100:5:20 768:775 100:5:20 768:775 100:5:20 768:775 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 22 dep % 752:752 arg1 zein-Que-HA 755:765 zein-Que-HA 755:765 zein-Que-HA 755:765 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 23 dep % 724:724 arg1 % 752:752 93.22% 747:752 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20) 747:776 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 23 dep % 724:724 arg1 to 744:745 to 744:745 to 744:745 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 23 dep % 724:724 arg1 100:5 737:741 100:5 737:741 100:5 737:741 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 23 dep % 724:724 arg1 zein-Que 727:734 zein-Que 727:734 zein-Que 727:734 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 3 24 dep nanoparticle 569:580 arg1 100:5:30 639:646 100:5:30 639:646 100:5:30 639:646 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 3 25 theme complex 544:550 arg1 structure 519:527 the morphological structure 501:527 the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex 501:550 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 4 26 theme photochemical 859:871 arg1 stability 896:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 1 27 theme antisolvent 230:240 arg1 method 265:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method 230:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que) 230:301 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 0 28 theme Hyaluronic 63:72 arg1 Acid 74:77 Hyaluronic Acid 63:77 Hyaluronic Acid 63:77 Quercetagetin-Loaded Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid: Formation, Characterization, and Physicochemical Stability. 29897751 4 29 theme composite 806:814 arg1 nanoparticles 816:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 6 30 theme zein-HA 1018:1024 arg1 nanoparticle 1036:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 zein-HA composite nanoparticle 1018:1047 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 6 30 theme zein-HA 1018:1024 arg1 system 1080:1085 an efficient delivery system 1058:1085 an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds 1058:1138 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 4 31 theme zein-Que-HA 794:804 arg1 nanoparticles 816:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles 790:828 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 6 32 theme bioactive 1120:1128 arg1 compounds 1130:1138 bioactive compounds 1120:1138 bioactive compounds 1120:1138 These findings interpreted that zein-HA composite nanoparticle would be an efficient delivery system for encapsulating and protecting bioactive compounds. 29897751 4 33 theme encapsulation 654:666 arg1 efficiency 668:677 The encapsulation efficiency 650:677 The encapsulation efficiency of Que 650:684 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 4 34 theme physical 887:894 arg1 stability 896:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability 840:904 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 5 35 theme retention 945:953 arg1 rate 955:958 the retention rate 941:958 the retention rate of Que 941:965 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 1 36 theme Zein 140:143 arg1 nanoparticles 180:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 3 37 dep 100:5:20 599:606 arg1 to 596:597 to 596:597 to 596:597 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 1 38 theme coprecipitation 242:256 arg1 method 265:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method 230:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que) 230:301 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 4 39 theme Que 682:684 arg1 efficiency 668:677 The encapsulation efficiency 650:677 The encapsulation efficiency of Que 650:684 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 29897751 1 40 theme acid 160:163 arg1 nanoparticles 180:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles 140:192 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 2 41 theme FS 318:319 arg1 results 321:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results 304:327 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 42 theme hydrophobic 391:401 arg1 forces 436:441 the dominant driving forces 415:441 the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA 415:465 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 42 theme hydrophobic 391:401 arg1 effect 403:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 hydrophobic effect 391:408 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 42 theme hydrophobic 391:401 arg1 attraction 357:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 electrostatic attraction 343:366 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 2 42 theme hydrophobic 391:401 arg1 bonding 378:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 hydrogen bonding 369:384 FTIR, CD, and FS results revealed that electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effect were the dominant driving forces among zein, Que, and HA. 29897751 5 43 theme storage 925:931 arg1 °C 936:937 4 °C 934:937 4 °C 934:937 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 5 43 theme storage 925:931 arg1 months 915:920 8 months 913:920 8 months of storage (4 °C) 913:938 After 8 months of storage (4 °C), the retention rate of Que also up to 77.93%. 29897751 1 44 theme hyaluronic 149:158 arg1 acid 160:163 hyaluronic acid 149:163 hyaluronic acid (HA) 149:168 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 1 44 theme hyaluronic 149:158 arg1 HA 166:167 HA 166:167 HA 166:167 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 1 45 theme ASCP 259:262 arg1 method 265:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method 230:270 antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que) 230:301 Zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) composite nanoparticles were self-assembly fabricated using antisolvent coprecipitation (ASCP) method to deliver quercetagetin (Que). 29897751 3 46 theme HA 491:492 arg1 level 494:498 HA level 491:498 HA level 491:498 With the increasing of HA level, the morphological structure of zein-Que-HA complex was changed from nanoparticle (from 100:5:5 to 100:5:20) to microgel (from 100:5:25 to 100:5:30). 29897751 4 47 dep photochemical 859:871 arg1 enhanced 850:857 enhanced 850:857 enhanced 850:857 The encapsulation efficiency of Que has significantly increased from 55.66% (zein-Que, 100:5) to 93.22% (zein-Que-HA, 100:5:20), and Que in the zein-Que-HA composite nanoparticles exhibited obviously enhanced photochemical, thermal, and physical stability. 30832871 6 0 theme gene 719:722 arg1 level 735:739 the gene expression level 715:739 the gene expression level 715:739 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 9 1 contain have 1081:1084 arg2 potentials 1092:1101 great potentials 1086:1101 great potentials 1086:1101 Thus, it is indicated that MgCS should have great potentials in OA treatment. 30832871 9 1 contain have 1081:1084 arg1 MgCS 1069:1072 MgCS 1069:1072 MgCS 1069:1072 Thus, it is indicated that MgCS should have great potentials in OA treatment. 30832871 8 2 theme expression 986:995 arg1 downregulation 964:977 downregulation 964:977 downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 964:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 8 2 theme expression 986:995 arg1 upregulation 922:933 significant upregulation 910:933 significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression 910:958 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 7 3 theme OA 880:881 arg1 chondrocytes 883:894 OA chondrocytes 880:894 OA chondrocytes 880:894 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 4 4 dep proliferation 433:445 arg1 test 461:464 test 461:464 test 461:464 To evaluate the clinical potential of MgCS, cell proliferation and apoptosis test were conducted. 30832871 4 5 theme clinical 400:407 arg1 potential 409:417 the clinical potential 396:417 the clinical potential of MgCS 396:425 To evaluate the clinical potential of MgCS, cell proliferation and apoptosis test were conducted. 30832871 1 6 theme Magnesium 73:81 arg1 MgCS 104:107 MgCS 104:107 MgCS 104:107 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) has been fabricated and characterized in this study. 30832871 1 6 theme Magnesium 73:81 arg1 sulfate 95:101 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate 73:101 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) 73:108 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) has been fabricated and characterized in this study. 30832871 5 7 theme chondrocytes 606:617 arg1 apoptosis 573:581 the apoptosis 569:581 the apoptosis of osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes 569:617 The results reveal that MgCS could effectively increase the proliferation and decrease the apoptosis of osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. 30832871 1 8 theme chondroitin 83:93 arg1 MgCS 104:107 MgCS 104:107 MgCS 104:107 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) has been fabricated and characterized in this study. 30832871 1 8 theme chondroitin 83:93 arg1 sulfate 95:101 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate 73:101 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) 73:108 Magnesium chondroitin sulfate (MgCS) has been fabricated and characterized in this study. 30832871 7 9 theme iNOS 872:875 arg1 expression 848:857 the expression 844:857 the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes 844:894 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 8 10 theme p53 1023:1025 arg1 expression 986:995 the expression 982:995 the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 982:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 9 11 theme great 1086:1090 arg1 potentials 1092:1101 great potentials 1086:1101 great potentials 1086:1101 Thus, it is indicated that MgCS should have great potentials in OA treatment. 30832871 8 12 theme gene 1018:1021 arg1 p53 1023:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 7 13 theme IL-1β 862:866 arg1 expression 848:857 the expression 844:857 the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes 844:894 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 3 14 theme polysaccharide-metal 350:369 arg1 complex 375:381 a polysaccharide-metal ion complex 348:381 a polysaccharide-metal ion complex 348:381 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 7 15 theme COLII 825:829 arg1 expression 811:820 the expression 807:820 the expression of COLII 807:829 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 3 16 theme sodium 267:272 arg1 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 16 theme sodium 267:272 arg1 sulfate 286:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate 253:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) 253:297 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 5 17 theme osteoarthritis 586:599 arg1 chondrocytes 606:617 osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes 586:617 osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes 586:617 The results reveal that MgCS could effectively increase the proliferation and decrease the apoptosis of osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. 30832871 9 18 theme OA 1106:1107 arg1 treatment 1109:1117 OA treatment 1106:1117 OA treatment 1106:1117 Thus, it is indicated that MgCS should have great potentials in OA treatment. 30832871 3 19 theme ion 371:373 arg1 complex 375:381 a polysaccharide-metal ion complex 348:381 a polysaccharide-metal ion complex 348:381 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 20 theme chondroitin 274:284 arg1 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 20 theme chondroitin 274:284 arg1 sulfate 286:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate 253:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) 253:297 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 21 theme sodium 257:262 arg1 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 21 theme sodium 257:262 arg1 sulfate 286:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate 253:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) 253:297 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 4 22 theme cell 428:431 arg1 proliferation 433:445 cell proliferation 428:445 cell proliferation 428:445 To evaluate the clinical potential of MgCS, cell proliferation and apoptosis test were conducted. 30832871 8 23 theme significant 910:920 arg1 upregulation 922:933 significant upregulation 910:933 significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression 910:958 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 8 24 theme related 1010:1016 arg1 p53 1023:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 3 25 theme of 264:265 arg1 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 CS 295:296 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 3 25 theme of 264:265 arg1 sulfate 286:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate 253:292 the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) 253:297 The results verify that the sodium of sodium chondroitin sulfate (CS) is successfully replaced by magnesium and formed a polysaccharide-metal ion complex. 30832871 0 26 theme sulfate 25:31 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of chondroitin sulfate 0:31 Synthesis of chondroitin sulfate magnesium for osteoarthritis treatment. 30832871 8 27 theme Bcl-2 938:942 arg1 expression 949:958 Bcl-2 mRNA expression 938:958 Bcl-2 mRNA expression 938:958 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 0 28 theme osteoarthritis 47:60 arg1 treatment 62:70 osteoarthritis treatment 47:70 osteoarthritis treatment 47:70 Synthesis of chondroitin sulfate magnesium for osteoarthritis treatment. 30832871 7 29 from expression 848:857 arg1 chondrocytes 883:894 OA chondrocytes 880:894 OA chondrocytes 880:894 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 8 30 theme expression 949:958 arg1 downregulation 964:977 downregulation 964:977 downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 964:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 8 30 theme expression 949:958 arg1 upregulation 922:933 significant upregulation 910:933 significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression 910:958 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 8 31 theme mRNA 944:947 arg1 expression 949:958 Bcl-2 mRNA expression 938:958 Bcl-2 mRNA expression 938:958 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 8 32 theme apoptosis 1000:1008 arg1 p53 1023:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 apoptosis related gene p53 1000:1025 Furthermore, significant upregulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and downregulation of the expression of apoptosis related gene p53 were observed. 30832871 6 33 theme chain 664:668 arg1 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 33 theme chain 664:668 arg1 reaction 670:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 630:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) 630:687 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 34 theme polymerase 653:662 arg1 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 34 theme polymerase 653:662 arg1 reaction 670:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 630:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) 630:687 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 4 35 theme MgCS 422:425 arg1 potential 409:417 the clinical potential 396:417 the clinical potential of MgCS 396:425 To evaluate the clinical potential of MgCS, cell proliferation and apoptosis test were conducted. 30832871 6 36 theme quantitative 640:651 arg1 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 36 theme quantitative 640:651 arg1 reaction 670:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 630:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) 630:687 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 7 37 theme RT-qPCR 742:748 arg1 analysis 750:757 RT-qPCR analysis 742:757 RT-qPCR analysis 742:757 RT-qPCR analysis suggests that MgCS could significantly increase the expression of COLII and decrease the expression of IL-1β and iNOS in OA chondrocytes. 30832871 0 38 theme chondroitin 13:23 arg1 sulfate 25:31 chondroitin sulfate 13:31 chondroitin sulfate 13:31 Synthesis of chondroitin sulfate magnesium for osteoarthritis treatment. 30832871 6 39 theme expression 724:733 arg1 level 735:739 the gene expression level 715:739 the gene expression level 715:739 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 40 theme real-time 630:638 arg1 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 RT-qPCR 680:686 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 30832871 6 40 theme real-time 630:638 arg1 reaction 670:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 630:677 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) 630:687 Moreover, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to evaluate the gene expression level. 31739066 2 0 theme modesta 578:584 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 0 theme modesta 578:584 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 0 theme modesta 578:584 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 0 theme modesta 578:584 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 1 theme elements 358:365 arg1 gums 663:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 1 2 theme weight 244:249 arg1 Gums 151:154 Gums; 151:155 Gums; 151:155 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 1 2 theme weight 244:249 arg1 compounds 263:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds 229:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications 229:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 7 3 theme redox 1450:1454 arg1 potential 1466:1474 redox catalytic potential 1450:1474 redox catalytic potential 1450:1474 Furthermore, G-AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and redox catalytic potential. 31739066 5 4 attach present 1133:1139 arg1 concentrations 1156:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 5 4 attach present 1133:1139 arg2 elements 1119:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 8 5 contain have 1510:1513 arg2 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 8 5 contain have 1510:1513 arg1 G-AgNPs 1496:1502 the subject G-AgNPs 1484:1502 the subject G-AgNPs 1484:1502 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 4 6 from resonance 976:984 arg1 mixture 890:896 the mixture 886:896 the mixture 886:896 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 7 theme class 864:868 arg1 identification 846:859 the identification 842:859 the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 842:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 7 theme class 864:868 arg1 size 990:993 size 990:993 size 990:993 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 0 8 theme biological 112:121 arg1 applications 137:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 4 9 from compounds 873:881 arg1 mixture 890:896 the mixture 886:896 the mixture 886:896 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 10 theme compounds 873:881 arg1 class 864:868 class 864:868 class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 864:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 11 theme electron 1062:1069 arg1 TEM 1083:1085 TEM 1083:1085 TEM 1083:1085 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 11 theme electron 1062:1069 arg1 microscopy 1071:1080 transmission electron microscopy 1049:1080 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 1049:1086 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 5 12 theme appreciable 1144:1154 arg1 concentrations 1156:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 4 13 from class 864:868 arg1 mixture 890:896 the mixture 886:896 the mixture 886:896 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 2 14 theme silk 645:648 arg1 malabarica 633:642 Salmalia malabarica 624:642 Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 624:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 14 theme silk 645:648 arg1 tree 657:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 15 theme persica 552:558 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 15 theme persica 552:558 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 15 theme persica 552:558 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 15 theme persica 552:558 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 16 theme malabarica 633:642 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 16 theme malabarica 633:642 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 16 theme malabarica 633:642 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 16 theme malabarica 633:642 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 4 17 theme functional 905:914 arg1 groups 916:921 their functional groups 899:921 their functional groups 899:921 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 3 18 theme plasma-optical 729:742 arg1 spectroscopy 753:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy 709:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) 709:774 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 3 18 theme plasma-optical 729:742 arg1 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 6 19 theme 99.9 1350:1353 arg1 % 1354:1354 % 1354:1354 % 1354:1354 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 2 20 theme armeniaca 498:506 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 20 theme armeniaca 498:506 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 20 theme armeniaca 498:506 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 20 theme armeniaca 498:506 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 21 theme domestica 526:534 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 21 theme domestica 526:534 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 21 theme domestica 526:534 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 21 theme domestica 526:534 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 5 22 theme maximum 1220:1226 arg1 ranges 1240:1245 the maximum permissible ranges 1216:1245 the maximum permissible ranges 1216:1245 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 0 23 theme silver 86:91 arg1 nanoparticles 93:105 silver nanoparticles 86:105 silver nanoparticles 86:105 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 8 24 theme subject 1488:1494 arg1 G-AgNPs 1496:1502 the subject G-AgNPs 1484:1502 the subject G-AgNPs 1484:1502 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 2 25 theme Acacia 596:601 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 25 theme Acacia 596:601 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 25 theme Acacia 596:601 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 25 theme Acacia 596:601 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 6 26 theme component 1308:1316 arg1 analyses 1318:1325 linear discriminant and principal component analyses 1274:1325 analyses 1318:1325 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 2 27 theme pharmacological 447:461 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 5 28 theme nutritional 1107:1117 arg1 elements 1119:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 4 29 theme resonance 976:984 arg1 class 864:868 class 864:868 class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 864:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 8 30 theme promising 1515:1523 arg1 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 0 31 theme natural 20:26 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of natural 0:26 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 1 32 theme biological 286:295 arg1 applications 297:308 several biological applications 278:308 several biological applications 278:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 2 33 theme nanoparticles 418:430 arg1 synthesis 398:406 synthesis 398:406 synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 398:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 33 theme nanoparticles 418:430 arg1 content 367:373 content 367:373 content 367:373 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 33 theme nanoparticles 418:430 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 33 theme nanoparticles 418:430 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 4 34 from mixture 890:896 arg1 class 864:868 class 864:868 class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 864:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 2 35 theme properties 477:486 arg1 gums 663:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 36 theme catalytic 467:475 arg1 properties 477:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties 447:486 pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 447:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 37 theme toxic 352:356 arg1 elements 358:365 the nutritional and toxic elements 332:365 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 6 38 theme variability 1356:1366 arg1 index 1368:1372 99.9% variability index 1350:1372 99.9% variability index 1350:1372 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 4 39 theme UV-Vis 1014:1019 arg1 technique 1035:1043 UV-Vis spectroscopic technique 1014:1043 UV-Vis spectroscopic technique 1014:1043 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 8 40 theme remediation 1568:1578 arg1 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 2 41 theme nutritional 336:346 arg1 elements 358:365 the nutritional and toxic elements 332:365 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 42 theme chemical 376:383 arg1 composition 385:395 chemical composition 376:395 chemical composition 376:395 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 7 43 theme catalytic 1456:1464 arg1 potential 1466:1474 redox catalytic potential 1450:1474 redox catalytic potential 1450:1474 Furthermore, G-AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and redox catalytic potential. 31739066 5 44 from results 1098:1104 arg1 present 1133:1139 present 1133:1139 present 1133:1139 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 2 45 theme content 367:373 arg1 gums 663:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 1 46 theme molecular 234:242 arg1 Gums 151:154 Gums; 151:155 Gums; 151:155 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 1 46 theme molecular 234:242 arg1 compounds 263:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds 229:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications 229:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 4 47 theme G-AgNPs 998:1004 arg1 identification 846:859 the identification 842:859 the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 842:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 47 theme G-AgNPs 998:1004 arg1 size 990:993 size 990:993 size 990:993 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 1 48 theme hydrophilic 251:261 arg1 Gums 151:154 Gums; 151:155 Gums; 151:155 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 1 48 theme hydrophilic 251:261 arg1 compounds 263:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds 229:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications 229:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 7 49 theme significant 1406:1416 arg1 antioxidant 1418:1428 significant antioxidant 1406:1428 significant antioxidant 1406:1428 Furthermore, G-AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and redox catalytic potential. 31739066 4 50 theme FTIR 947:950 arg1 techniques 952:961 FTIR techniques 947:961 FTIR techniques 947:961 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 51 theme transmission 1049:1060 arg1 TEM 1083:1085 TEM 1083:1085 TEM 1083:1085 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 4 51 theme transmission 1049:1060 arg1 microscopy 1071:1080 transmission electron microscopy 1049:1080 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 1049:1086 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 6 52 theme principal 1298:1306 arg1 analyses 1318:1325 linear discriminant and principal component analyses 1274:1325 analyses 1318:1325 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 3 53 theme elemental 673:681 arg1 contents 683:690 The elemental contents 669:690 The elemental contents 669:690 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 2 54 theme cotton 650:655 arg1 malabarica 633:642 Salmalia malabarica 624:642 Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 624:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 54 theme cotton 650:655 arg1 tree 657:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 3 55 theme coupled 721:727 arg1 spectroscopy 753:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy 709:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) 709:774 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 3 55 theme coupled 721:727 arg1 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 5 56 from concentrations 1156:1169 arg1 present 1133:1139 present 1133:1139 present 1133:1139 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 5 57 theme permissible 1228:1238 arg1 ranges 1240:1245 the maximum permissible ranges 1216:1245 the maximum permissible ranges 1216:1245 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 6 58 theme elemental 1258:1266 arg1 data 1268:1271 the elemental data 1254:1271 the elemental data 1254:1271 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 2 59 theme Prunus 545:550 arg1 persica 552:558 Prunus persica 545:558 Prunus persica (peaches) 545:568 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 59 theme Prunus 545:550 arg1 peaches 561:567 peaches 561:567 peaches 561:567 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 6 60 theme % 1354:1354 arg1 index 1368:1372 99.9% variability index 1350:1372 99.9% variability index 1350:1372 Using the elemental data, linear discriminant and principal component analyses classified the gums to 99.9% variability index. 31739066 3 61 theme emission 744:751 arg1 spectroscopy 753:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy 709:764 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) 709:774 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 3 61 theme emission 744:751 arg1 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 ICP-OES 767:773 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 2 62 dep Acacia 596:601 arg1 arabica 603:609 Acacia arabica (kikar) 596:617 Acacia arabica (kikar) 596:617 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 63 theme Prunus 491:496 arg1 phulai 587:592 phulai 587:592 phulai 587:592 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 63 theme Prunus 491:496 arg1 apricot 509:515 apricot 509:515 apricot 509:515 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 63 theme Prunus 491:496 arg1 armeniaca 498:506 Prunus armeniaca 491:506 Prunus armeniaca (apricot) 491:516 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 3 64 theme ICP-mass 780:787 arg1 ICP-MS 803:808 ICP-MS 803:808 ICP-MS 803:808 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 3 64 theme ICP-mass 780:787 arg1 spectrometry 789:800 ICP-mass spectrometry 780:800 ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) 780:809 The elemental contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). 31739066 0 65 theme nanoparticles 93:105 arg1 synthesis 73:81 synthesis 73:81 synthesis of silver nanoparticles 73:105 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 0 65 theme nanoparticles 93:105 arg1 analyses 63:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 0 65 theme nanoparticles 93:105 arg1 applications 137:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 2 66 theme Prunus 519:524 arg1 plums 537:541 plums 537:541 plums 537:541 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 66 theme Prunus 519:524 arg1 domestica 526:534 Prunus domestica 519:534 Prunus domestica (plums) 519:542 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 5 67 located present 1133:1139 arg1 concentrations 1156:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 appreciable concentrations 1144:1169 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 5 67 located present 1133:1139 arg2 elements 1119:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 nutritional elements 1107:1126 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 4 68 theme NMR 812:814 arg1 spectroscopy 816:827 NMR spectroscopy 812:827 NMR spectroscopy 812:827 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 2 69 theme Salmalia 624:631 arg1 malabarica 633:642 Salmalia malabarica 624:642 Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) 624:661 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 69 theme Salmalia 624:631 arg1 tree 657:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 silk cotton tree 645:660 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 70 theme synthesis 398:406 arg1 gums 663:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 8 71 theme nutritional 1525:1535 arg1 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 2 72 theme composition 385:395 arg1 gums 663:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums 332:666 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 1 73 theme several 278:284 arg1 applications 297:308 several biological applications 278:308 several biological applications 278:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 4 74 theme plasmon 968:974 arg1 resonance 976:984 plasmon resonance 968:984 plasmon resonance 968:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 8 75 theme therapeutic 1538:1548 arg1 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 0 76 theme elemental 37:45 arg1 analyses 63:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 4 77 theme determined 928:937 arg1 class 864:868 class 864:868 class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance 864:984 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 8 78 theme environmental 1554:1566 arg1 applications 1580:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications 1515:1591 Hence, the subject G-AgNPs could have promising nutritional, therapeutic and environmental remediation applications. 31739066 2 79 theme silver 411:416 arg1 nanoparticles 418:430 silver nanoparticles 411:430 silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) 411:440 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 2 79 theme silver 411:416 arg1 G-AgNPs 433:439 G-AgNPs 433:439 G-AgNPs 433:439 This study describes the nutritional and toxic elements content, chemical composition, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs), and pharmacological and catalytic properties of Prunus armeniaca (apricot), Prunus domestica (plums), Prunus persica (peaches), Acacia modesta (phulai), Acacia arabica (kikar), and Salmalia malabarica (silk cotton tree) gums. 31739066 0 80 theme chemometric 51:61 arg1 analyses 63:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 elemental and chemometric analyses 37:70 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 1 81 with compounds 263:271 arg1 applications 297:308 several biological applications 278:308 several biological applications 278:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 0 82 theme catalytic 127:135 arg1 applications 137:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 biological and catalytic applications 112:148 Characterization of natural gums via elemental and chemometric analyses, synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and biological and catalytic applications. 31739066 4 83 used used 833:836 arg2 spectroscopy 816:827 NMR spectroscopy 812:827 NMR spectroscopy 812:827 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 5 84 theme toxic 1180:1184 arg1 elements 1186:1193 toxic elements 1180:1193 toxic elements 1180:1193 From the results, nutritional elements were present at appreciable concentrations, whereas toxic elements showed content below the maximum permissible ranges. 31739066 4 85 theme spectroscopic 1021:1033 arg1 technique 1035:1043 UV-Vis spectroscopic technique 1014:1043 UV-Vis spectroscopic technique 1014:1043 NMR spectroscopy was used for the identification of class of compounds in the mixture, their functional groups were determined through FTIR techniques, and plasmon resonance and size of G-AgNPs through UV-Vis spectroscopic technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 31739066 1 86 theme high 229:232 arg1 Gums 151:154 Gums; 151:155 Gums; 151:155 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31739066 1 86 theme high 229:232 arg1 compounds 263:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds 229:271 high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications 229:308 Gums; composed of polysaccharides, carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals, are high molecular weight hydrophilic compounds with several biological applications. 31677806 0 0 theme strain 106:111 arg1 WSUCF1 113:118 Geobacillus strain WSUCF1 94:118 Geobacillus strain WSUCF1 94:118 Bioelectrochemical approach for enhancing lignocellulose degradation and biofilm formation in Geobacillus strain WSUCF1. 31677806 7 1 theme biofilm 1095:1101 arg1 formation 1103:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 7 2 theme potential 1006:1014 arg1 effects 977:983 the effects 973:983 the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation 973:1111 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 1 3 theme biofilm 279:285 arg1 formation 287:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 0 4 theme Geobacillus 94:104 arg1 WSUCF1 113:118 Geobacillus strain WSUCF1 94:118 Geobacillus strain WSUCF1 94:118 Bioelectrochemical approach for enhancing lignocellulose degradation and biofilm formation in Geobacillus strain WSUCF1. 31677806 7 5 theme degradation 1043:1053 arg1 rates 1034:1038 the rates 1030:1038 the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass 1030:1080 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 7 5 theme degradation 1043:1053 arg1 formation 1103:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 7 6 theme first 952:956 arg1 work 958:961 the first work 948:961 the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation 948:1111 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 7 6 theme first 952:956 arg1 This 940:943 This 940:943 This 940:943 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 3 7 theme lignocellulose 377:390 arg1 microorganism 402:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 7 theme lignocellulose 377:390 arg1 WSUCF1 349:354 strain WSUCF1 342:354 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C) 342:362 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 2 8 theme Geobacillus 326:336 arg1 sp 338:339 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp 311:339 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp. 311:340 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp. 31677806 3 9 theme degrading 392:400 arg1 microorganism 402:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 9 theme degrading 392:400 arg1 WSUCF1 349:354 strain WSUCF1 342:354 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C) 342:362 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 7 10 theme enhanced 1086:1093 arg1 formation 1103:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 enhanced biofilm formation 1086:1111 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 2 11 theme thermophilic 313:324 arg1 sp 338:339 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp 311:339 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp. 311:340 A thermophilic Geobacillus sp. 31677806 7 12 theme lignocellulosic 1058:1072 arg1 biomass 1074:1080 lignocellulosic biomass 1058:1080 lignocellulosic biomass 1058:1080 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 5 13 theme glucose 629:635 arg1 utilization 637:647 glucose utilization 629:647 glucose utilization 629:647 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 3 14 theme potential 367:375 arg1 microorganism 402:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 14 theme potential 367:375 arg1 WSUCF1 349:354 strain WSUCF1 342:354 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C) 342:362 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 5 15 dep utilization 637:647 arg1 the 625:627 the 625:627 the 625:627 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 7 16 theme biomass 1074:1080 arg1 degradation 1043:1053 degradation 1043:1053 degradation of lignocellulosic biomass 1043:1080 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 5 17 theme -0.383 mV 596:604 arg1 potential 583:591 the oxidation potential 569:591 the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) 569:613 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 6 18 theme bioelectrocatalysis 702:720 arg1 strategy 722:729 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy 698:729 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy 698:729 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 6 19 theme corn 845:848 arg1 stover 850:855 corn stover 845:855 corn stover 845:855 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 5 20 theme COD 653:655 arg1 removal 657:663 COD removal 653:663 COD removal 653:663 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 1 21 theme substrate 207:215 arg1 utilization 217:227 substrate utilization 207:227 substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass 207:264 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 1 22 theme utilization 217:227 arg1 formation 287:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 1 22 theme utilization 217:227 arg1 rates 198:202 the rates 194:202 the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass 194:264 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 6 23 theme oxidation 919:927 arg1 potential 929:937 applied oxidation potential 911:937 applied oxidation potential 911:937 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 4 24 theme corn 473:476 arg1 feedstocks 502:511 the feedstocks 498:511 the feedstocks 498:511 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 24 theme corn 473:476 arg1 stover 478:483 corn stover 473:483 corn stover 473:483 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 24 theme corn 473:476 arg1 cellulose 458:466 cellulose 458:466 cellulose 458:466 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 24 theme corn 473:476 arg1 Glucose 449:455 Glucose 449:455 Glucose 449:455 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 1 25 theme enhanced 240:247 arg1 yield 249:253 enhanced yield 240:253 enhanced yield of biomass 240:264 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 0 26 theme lignocellulose 42:55 arg1 degradation 57:67 lignocellulose degradation 42:67 lignocellulose degradation 42:67 Bioelectrochemical approach for enhancing lignocellulose degradation and biofilm formation in Geobacillus strain WSUCF1. 31677806 6 27 theme applied 911:917 arg1 potential 929:937 applied oxidation potential 911:937 applied oxidation potential 911:937 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 3 28 used used 420:423 arg2 WSUCF1 349:354 strain WSUCF1 342:354 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C) 342:362 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 28 used used 420:423 arg2 microorganism 402:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 28 used used 420:423 arg2 electrocatalyst 432:446 the electrocatalyst 428:446 the electrocatalyst 428:446 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 28 used used 420:423 arg2 60 °C 357:361 60 °C 357:361 60 °C 357:361 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 0 29 theme biofilm 73:79 arg1 formation 81:89 biofilm formation 73:89 biofilm formation 73:89 Bioelectrochemical approach for enhancing lignocellulose degradation and biofilm formation in Geobacillus strain WSUCF1. 31677806 3 30 theme strain 342:347 arg1 electrocatalyst 432:446 the electrocatalyst 428:446 the electrocatalyst 428:446 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 30 theme strain 342:347 arg1 microorganism 402:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism 365:414 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 30 theme strain 342:347 arg1 60 °C 357:361 60 °C 357:361 60 °C 357:361 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 3 30 theme strain 342:347 arg1 WSUCF1 349:354 strain WSUCF1 342:354 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C) 342:362 strain WSUCF1 (60 °C), a potential lignocellulose degrading microorganism was used as the electrocatalyst. 31677806 5 31 theme oxidation 573:581 arg1 potential 583:591 the oxidation potential 569:591 the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) 569:613 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 1 32 theme microbial 139:147 arg1 electrocatalysis 149:164 microbial electrocatalysis 139:164 microbial electrocatalysis 139:164 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 1 33 from Investigations 121:134 arg1 electrocatalysis 149:164 microbial electrocatalysis 139:164 microbial electrocatalysis 139:164 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 7 34 theme applied 988:994 arg1 potential 1006:1014 applied oxidation potential 988:1014 applied oxidation potential 988:1014 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 7 35 theme oxidation 996:1004 arg1 potential 1006:1014 applied oxidation potential 988:1014 applied oxidation potential 988:1014 This is the first work reporting the effects of applied oxidation potential on increasing the rates of degradation of lignocellulosic biomass and enhanced biofilm formation. 31677806 5 36 theme investigation 534:546 arg1 results 518:524 The results 514:524 The results of this investigation 514:546 The results of this investigation showed that applying the oxidation potential of -0.383 mV (vs PRE) increased the glucose utilization and COD removal by 25.5% and 29.7% respectively. 31677806 1 37 theme biomass 258:264 arg1 yield 249:253 enhanced yield 240:253 enhanced yield of biomass 240:264 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 31677806 6 38 theme systems 804:810 arg1 case 796:799 the case 792:799 the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively 792:869 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 6 39 theme biomass 750:756 arg1 yield 758:762 the biomass yield 746:762 the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% 746:787 The bioelectrocatalysis strategy also increased the biomass yield by 81.2, 42.1, and 49.5% in the case of systems fed with glucose, cellulose, and corn stover, respectively, when compared with the systems without applied oxidation potential. 31677806 4 40 used used 490:493 arg2 Glucose 449:455 Glucose 449:455 Glucose 449:455 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 40 used used 490:493 arg2 stover 478:483 corn stover 473:483 corn stover 473:483 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 40 used used 490:493 arg2 cellulose 458:466 cellulose 458:466 cellulose 458:466 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 4 40 used used 490:493 arg2 feedstocks 502:511 the feedstocks 498:511 the feedstocks 498:511 Glucose, cellulose, and corn stover were used as the feedstocks. 31677806 1 41 theme enhanced 270:277 arg1 formation 287:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 enhanced biofilm formation 270:295 Investigations on microbial electrocatalysis as a strategy for enhancing the rates of substrate utilization leading to enhanced yield of biomass and enhanced biofilm formation are reported. 29804255 2 0 theme batch 650:654 arg1 experiments 656:666 batch experiments 650:666 batch experiments 650:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 10 1 theme ∆S 1910:1911 arg1 value 1913:1917 The ∆S value 1906:1917 The ∆S value 1906:1917 The ∆S value was 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1, a signal of entropy increase during adsorption. 29804255 10 1 theme ∆S 1910:1911 arg1 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 The ∆S value was 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1, a signal of entropy increase during adsorption. 29804255 2 2 theme response 418:425 arg1 methodology 435:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 5 3 theme batch 1244:1248 arg1 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 5 3 theme batch 1244:1248 arg1 parameters 1263:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 11 4 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 2098:2113 arg1 reusability 2083:2093 the reusability 2079:2093 the reusability of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 2079:2113 The adsorption capacity decreased only by 5.8% after six recycling runs, which indicated the reusability of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 2 5 theme Preparation 324:334 arg1 conditions 336:345 Preparation conditions 324:345 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 324:365 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 1 6 theme inverting 306:314 arg1 method 316:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 4 7 theme swelling 1156:1163 arg1 degree 1165:1170 swelling degree 1156:1170 swelling degree 1156:1170 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 12 8 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 2131:2146 arg1 material 2198:2205 a promising membrane material 2177:2205 a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2177:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 12 8 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 2131:2146 arg1 membrane 2165:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 5 9 theme optimized 1234:1242 arg1 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 5 9 theme optimized 1234:1242 arg1 parameters 1263:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 1 10 theme zinc 202:205 arg1 oxide 207:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide 152:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 1 10 theme zinc 202:205 arg1 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 12 11 theme porous 2158:2163 arg1 material 2198:2205 a promising membrane material 2177:2205 a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2177:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 12 11 theme porous 2158:2163 arg1 membrane 2165:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 7 12 theme adsorption 1666:1675 arg1 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 7 12 theme adsorption 1666:1675 arg1 147.28 mg g-1 1686:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 2 13 theme red 613:615 arg1 characteristics 589:603 the adsorption characteristics 574:603 the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments 574:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 10 14 theme entropy 1954:1960 arg1 increase 1962:1969 entropy increase 1954:1969 entropy increase 1954:1969 The ∆S value was 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1, a signal of entropy increase during adsorption. 29804255 0 15 theme red 132:134 arg1 adsorption 112:121 the adsorption 108:121 the adsorption of Congo red 108:134 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 7 16 theme theoretical 1644:1654 arg1 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 7 16 theme theoretical 1644:1654 arg1 147.28 mg g-1 1686:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 11 17 theme recycling 2047:2055 arg1 runs 2057:2060 six recycling runs 2043:2060 six recycling runs 2043:2060 The adsorption capacity decreased only by 5.8% after six recycling runs, which indicated the reusability of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 8 18 from temperatures 1780:1791 arg1 values 1706:1711 The values 1702:1711 The values ∆G 1702:1714 The values ∆G were - 2.09, - 4.73, and - 7.37 kJ mol-1 at 298, 308, and 318 K temperatures, respectively. 29804255 8 18 from temperatures 1780:1791 arg1 - 2.09 1721:1726 - 2.09 1721:1726 - 2.09 1721:1726 The values ∆G were - 2.09, - 4.73, and - 7.37 kJ mol-1 at 298, 308, and 318 K temperatures, respectively. 29804255 1 19 theme porous 242:247 arg1 membrane 249:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 spectroscopy 1042:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 Fourier 990:996 Fourier 990:996 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 990:1028 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 methods 908:914 Different characterization methods 881:914 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester 881:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 Tester 1080:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 20 theme characterization 891:906 arg1 diffraction 977:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 21 dep Fourier 990:996 arg1 transform 998:1006 transform 998:1006 transform infrared spectroscopy 998:1028 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 6 22 from capacity 1437:1444 arg1 CR 1449:1450 CR 1449:1450 CR 1449:1450 The maximum adsorption capacity on CR reached 96.33 mg g-1, which is 4.34 times with respect to CS. 29804255 11 23 theme adsorption 1994:2003 arg1 capacity 2005:2012 The adsorption capacity 1990:2012 The adsorption capacity 1990:2012 The adsorption capacity decreased only by 5.8% after six recycling runs, which indicated the reusability of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 7 24 theme Langmuir 1606:1613 arg1 model 1624:1628 Langmuir isotherm model 1606:1628 Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1) 1606:1699 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 4 25 theme scanning 941:948 arg1 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 5 26 theme experimental 1250:1261 arg1 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 50 mg L-1 1279:1287 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 5 26 theme experimental 1250:1261 arg1 parameters 1263:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters 1230:1272 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 4 27 theme tensile 1192:1198 arg1 property 1200:1207 tensile property 1192:1207 tensile property 1192:1207 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 1 28 theme effective 155:163 arg1 oxide 207:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide 152:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 1 28 theme effective 155:163 arg1 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 7 29 theme pseudo-second-order 1567:1585 arg1 model 1596:1600 a pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1565:1600 a pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1565:1600 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 2 30 theme adsorption 578:587 arg1 characteristics 589:603 the adsorption characteristics 574:603 the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments 574:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 3 31 theme optimum 673:679 arg1 conditions 693:702 The optimum preparation conditions 669:702 The optimum preparation conditions 669:702 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 12 32 theme large 2257:2261 arg1 scales 2276:2281 large and economic scales 2257:2281 large and economic scales 2257:2281 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 2 33 theme nanometer 520:528 arg1 oxide 535:539 nanometer zinc oxide 520:539 nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO) 520:550 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 2 33 theme nanometer 520:528 arg1 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 12 34 theme economic 2267:2274 arg1 scales 2276:2281 large and economic scales 2257:2281 large and economic scales 2257:2281 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 9 35 theme ∆H 1812:1813 arg1 76.68 kJ mol-1 1825:1838 76.68 kJ mol-1 1825:1838 76.68 kJ mol-1 1825:1838 The ∆H value was 76.68 kJ mol-1, indicating the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption in nature. 29804255 9 35 theme ∆H 1812:1813 arg1 value 1815:1819 The ∆H value 1808:1819 The ∆H value 1808:1819 The ∆H value was 76.68 kJ mol-1, indicating the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption in nature. 29804255 12 36 theme CR 2236:2237 arg1 removal 2225:2231 the efficient removal 2211:2231 the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2211:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 Tester 1080:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 methods 908:914 Different characterization methods 881:914 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester 881:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 diffraction 977:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 Fourier 990:996 Fourier 990:996 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 990:1028 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 37 used used 1092:1095 arg2 spectroscopy 1042:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 7 38 theme capacity 1677:1684 arg1 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 7 38 theme capacity 1677:1684 arg1 147.28 mg g-1 1686:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 4 39 theme UV-visible 1031:1040 arg1 spectroscopy 1042:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 5 40 theme contact 1349:1355 arg1 time 1357:1360 contact time 1349:1360 contact time 1349:1360 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 6 41 theme adsorption 1426:1435 arg1 capacity 1437:1444 The maximum adsorption capacity 1414:1444 The maximum adsorption capacity on CR 1414:1450 The maximum adsorption capacity on CR reached 96.33 mg g-1, which is 4.34 times with respect to CS. 29804255 0 42 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 36:51 arg1 membrane 70:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 7 43 theme experimental 1524:1535 arg1 data 1537:1540 The batch experimental data 1514:1540 The batch experimental data 1514:1540 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 12 44 from concentration 2295:2307 arg1 water 2248:2252 any water 2244:2252 any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2244:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 2 45 theme Box-Behnken 406:416 arg1 methodology 435:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 0 46 theme porous 63:68 arg1 membrane 70:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 2 47 theme single-factor 388:400 arg1 methodology 435:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 2 48 from characteristics 589:603 arg1 solution 635:642 aqueous solution 627:642 aqueous solution using batch experiments 627:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 12 49 theme promising 2179:2187 arg1 material 2198:2205 a promising membrane material 2177:2205 a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2177:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 12 49 theme promising 2179:2187 arg1 membrane 2165:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 6 50 theme maximum 1418:1424 arg1 capacity 1437:1444 The maximum adsorption capacity 1414:1444 The maximum adsorption capacity on CR 1414:1450 The maximum adsorption capacity on CR reached 96.33 mg g-1, which is 4.34 times with respect to CS. 29804255 3 51 theme solution 764:771 arg1 % 779:779 11% 777:779 11% 777:779 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 3 51 theme solution 764:771 arg1 fraction 736:743 the volume fraction 725:743 the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution 725:771 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 2 52 theme surface 427:433 arg1 methodology 435:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology 388:445 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 1 53 theme sol-gel 277:283 arg1 method 316:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 1 54 theme polymer-assisted 289:304 arg1 method 316:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method 277:321 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 2 55 theme aqueous 627:633 arg1 solution 635:642 aqueous solution 627:642 aqueous solution using batch experiments 627:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 12 56 from water 2248:2252 arg1 removal 2225:2231 the efficient removal 2211:2231 the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2211:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 1 57 theme chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer 165:200 arg1 oxide 207:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide 152:211 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 1 57 theme chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer 165:200 arg1 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 214:229 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 1 58 theme oxide 207:211 arg1 membrane 249:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 7 59 theme saturated 1656:1664 arg1 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 7 59 theme saturated 1656:1664 arg1 147.28 mg g-1 1686:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 4 60 theme functional 1137:1146 arg1 groups 1148:1153 functional groups 1137:1153 functional groups 1137:1153 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 60 theme functional 1137:1146 arg1 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 12 61 theme composite 2148:2156 arg1 material 2198:2205 a promising membrane material 2177:2205 a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2177:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 12 61 theme composite 2148:2156 arg1 membrane 2165:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 3 62 theme β-CD 795:798 arg1 ratio 786:790 the ratio 782:790 the ratio of β-CD to CS 782:804 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 3 62 theme β-CD 795:798 arg1 5.35 810:813 5.35 810:813 5.35 810:813 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 2 63 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 350:365 arg1 conditions 336:345 Preparation conditions 324:345 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 324:365 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 4 64 theme field-emission 926:939 arg1 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 1 65 theme composite 232:240 arg1 membrane 249:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane 152:256 In this paper, an effective chitosan/beta-cyclodextrin/nanometer zinc oxide (CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO) composite porous membrane was synthesized by sol-gel and polymer-assisted inverting method. 29804255 4 66 theme electron 950:957 arg1 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 degree 1165:1170 swelling degree 1156:1170 swelling degree 1156:1170 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 transmittance 1173:1185 transmittance 1173:1185 transmittance 1173:1185 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 groups 1148:1153 functional groups 1137:1153 functional groups 1137:1153 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 appearance 1110:1119 appearance 1110:1119 appearance 1110:1119 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 property 1200:1207 tensile property 1192:1207 tensile property 1192:1207 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 67 theme CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO 1212:1227 arg1 crystallinity 1122:1134 crystallinity 1122:1134 crystallinity 1122:1134 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 68 theme X-ray 971:975 arg1 diffraction 977:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 10 69 theme increase 1962:1969 arg1 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1 1923:1939 The ∆S value was 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1, a signal of entropy increase during adsorption. 29804255 10 69 theme increase 1962:1969 arg1 signal 1944:1949 a signal 1942:1949 a signal of entropy increase during adsorption 1942:1987 The ∆S value was 0.26 kJ mol-1 K-1, a signal of entropy increase during adsorption. 29804255 7 70 theme isotherm 1615:1622 arg1 model 1624:1628 Langmuir isotherm model 1606:1628 Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1) 1606:1699 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 spectroscopy 1042:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 UV-visible spectroscopy 1031:1053 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 Fourier 990:996 Fourier 990:996 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 990:1028 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 microscopy 959:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 926:968 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 methods 908:914 Different characterization methods 881:914 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester 881:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 Tester 1080:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 71 theme Different 881:889 arg1 diffraction 977:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 X-ray diffraction 971:987 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 4 72 dep transform 998:1006 arg1 infrared 1008:1015 infrared 1008:1015 transform infrared spectroscopy 998:1028 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 7 73 theme kinetics 1587:1594 arg1 model 1596:1600 a pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1565:1600 a pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1565:1600 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 12 74 theme moderate 2286:2293 arg1 concentration 2295:2307 moderate concentration 2286:2307 moderate concentration 2286:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 3 75 theme mass 844:847 arg1 ratio 824:828 the ratio 820:828 the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume 820:868 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 3 75 theme mass 844:847 arg1 % 878:878 0.36% 874:878 0.36% 874:878 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 12 76 from scales 2276:2281 arg1 water 2248:2252 any water 2244:2252 any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2244:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 7 77 dep model 1624:1628 arg1 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 R2 = 0.9965 1631:1641 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 7 77 dep model 1624:1628 arg1 147.28 mg g-1 1686:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1 1644:1698 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 2 78 from solution 635:642 arg1 CR 618:619 CR 618:619 CR 618:619 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 2 78 from solution 635:642 arg1 characteristics 589:603 the adsorption characteristics 574:603 the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments 574:666 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 2 78 from solution 635:642 arg1 red 613:615 red 613:615 red 613:615 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 12 79 theme efficient 2215:2223 arg1 removal 2225:2231 the efficient removal 2211:2231 the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2211:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 5 80 theme initial 1326:1332 arg1 concentration 1334:1346 initial concentration 1326:1346 initial concentration 1326:1346 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 4 81 theme Materials 1070:1078 arg1 Tester 1080:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 29804255 0 82 theme composite 53:61 arg1 membrane 70:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 36:77 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 3 83 theme preparation 681:691 arg1 conditions 693:702 The optimum preparation conditions 669:702 The optimum preparation conditions 669:702 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 12 84 theme membrane 2189:2196 arg1 material 2198:2205 a promising membrane material 2177:2205 a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration 2177:2307 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 12 84 theme membrane 2189:2196 arg1 membrane 2165:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane 2127:2172 Therefore, the CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane is a promising membrane material for the efficient removal of CR from any water at large and economic scales at moderate concentration. 29804255 0 85 theme membrane 70:77 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 0 85 theme membrane 70:77 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO composite porous membrane optimized by Box-Behnken for the adsorption of Congo red. 29804255 2 86 theme zinc 530:533 arg1 oxide 535:539 nanometer zinc oxide 520:539 nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO) 520:550 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 2 86 theme zinc 530:533 arg1 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Nano-ZnO 542:549 Preparation conditions of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO were investigated by single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimizing triethoxyvinylsilane (JH-V151), beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and nanometer zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and applied to study the adsorption characteristics of Cong red (CR) from aqueous solution using batch experiments. 29804255 3 87 theme volume 729:734 arg1 % 779:779 11% 777:779 11% 777:779 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 3 87 theme volume 729:734 arg1 fraction 736:743 the volume fraction 725:743 the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution 725:771 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 7 88 theme batch 1518:1522 arg1 data 1537:1540 The batch experimental data 1514:1540 The batch experimental data 1514:1540 The batch experimental data were best described by a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9965, theoretical saturated adsorption capacity 147.28 mg g-1). 29804255 9 89 theme endothermic 1856:1866 arg1 adsorption 1884:1893 the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption 1852:1893 the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption 1852:1893 The ∆H value was 76.68 kJ mol-1, indicating the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption in nature. 29804255 5 90 theme adsorbent 1367:1375 arg1 dose 1377:1380 adsorbent dose 1367:1380 adsorbent dose 1367:1380 The optimized batch experimental parameters were 50 mg L-1, 4 h, 7.0, 0.5 g L-1, and 55.0 °C as initial concentration, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and temperature, respectively. 29804255 9 91 theme spontaneous 1872:1882 arg1 adsorption 1884:1893 the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption 1852:1893 the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption 1852:1893 The ∆H value was 76.68 kJ mol-1, indicating the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption in nature. 29804255 3 92 theme alcohol 756:762 arg1 solution 764:771 JH-V151 alcohol solution 748:771 JH-V151 alcohol solution 748:771 The optimum preparation conditions were determined that the volume fraction of JH-V151 alcohol solution was 11%, the ratio of β-CD to CS was 5.35, and the ratio of Nano-ZnO's mass to solution's volume was 0.36%. 29804255 4 93 theme Universal 1060:1068 arg1 Tester 1080:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Universal Materials Tester 1060:1085 Different characterization methods including field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Universal Materials Tester were used to prove the appearance, crystallinity, functional groups, swelling degree, transmittance, and tensile property of CS/β-CD/Nano-ZnO. 31635728 3 0 from formation 466:474 arg1 films 550:554 the nanocomposite films 532:554 the nanocomposite films 532:554 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 7 1 theme excellent 910:918 arg1 capacity 940:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 0 2 theme active 95:100 arg1 microspheres 102:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 2 3 theme BCNF 382:385 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 7 4 theme composite 888:896 arg1 film 898:901 the multi-nanofibers composite film 868:901 the multi-nanofibers composite film 868:901 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 7 4 theme composite 888:896 arg1 capable 992:998 capable 992:998 capable 992:998 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 8 5 theme food 1156:1159 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 5 theme food 1156:1159 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 5 6 theme Cur 663:665 arg1 particles 667:675 The Cur particles 659:675 The Cur particles 659:675 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 5 7 theme BCNF 744:747 arg1 film 749:752 BCNF film 744:752 BCNF film 744:752 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 5 8 theme water 716:720 arg1 permeability 728:739 water vapor permeability 716:739 water vapor permeability of BCNF film 716:752 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 2 9 theme composite 313:321 arg1 film 323:326 a multi-nanofibers composite film 295:326 a multi-nanofibers composite film 295:326 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 6 10 dep strength 792:799 arg1 the 777:779 the 777:779 the 777:779 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 5 11 theme film 749:752 arg1 permeability 728:739 water vapor permeability 716:739 water vapor permeability of BCNF film 716:752 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 4 12 theme particles 633:641 arg1 CNF 608:610 CNF 608:610 CNF 608:610 The release of Cur from the films were affected by CNF and the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ. 31635728 4 12 theme particles 633:641 arg1 sizes 620:624 the sizes 616:624 the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ 616:656 The release of Cur from the films were affected by CNF and the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ. 31635728 0 13 dep nanoparticles 119:131 arg1 formed 133:138 formed 133:138 nanoparticles formed in situ 119:146 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 1 14 theme food 220:223 arg1 packaging 225:233 food packaging 220:233 food packaging 220:233 Nanofiber-based materials have recently gained increasing attention in food packaging, drug delivery, and biomedical applications. 31635728 8 15 theme packaging 1161:1169 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 15 theme packaging 1161:1169 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 1 16 theme biomedical 255:264 arg1 applications 266:277 biomedical applications 255:277 biomedical applications 255:277 Nanofiber-based materials have recently gained increasing attention in food packaging, drug delivery, and biomedical applications. 31635728 8 17 theme composite 1107:1115 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 17 theme composite 1107:1115 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 18 theme smart 1139:1143 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 18 theme smart 1139:1143 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 5 19 theme tensile 685:691 arg1 strength 693:700 tensile strength 685:700 tensile strength 685:700 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 2 20 theme CNF 406:408 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 4 21 from films 585:589 arg1 release 561:567 The release 557:567 The release of Cur from the films 557:589 The release of Cur from the films were affected by CNF and the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ. 31635728 8 22 theme study 1069:1073 arg1 Results 1053:1059 Results 1053:1059 Results of this study 1053:1073 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 6 23 theme mechanical 781:790 arg1 strength 792:799 mechanical strength 781:799 mechanical strength 781:799 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 0 24 theme cellulose/chitin 25:40 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin 0:40 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 7 25 theme antibacterial 953:965 arg1 activity 967:974 antibacterial activity 953:974 antibacterial activity 953:974 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 6 26 theme barrier 805:811 arg1 property 813:820 barrier property 805:820 barrier property 805:820 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 3 27 theme curcumin 494:501 arg1 micro/nanoparticles 509:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 0 28 theme bacterial 15:23 arg1 cellulose/chitin 25:40 bacterial cellulose/chitin 15:40 bacterial cellulose/chitin 15:40 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 2 29 theme multi-nanofibers 297:311 arg1 film 323:326 a multi-nanofibers composite film 295:326 a multi-nanofibers composite film 295:326 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 3 30 theme nanocomposite 536:548 arg1 films 550:554 the nanocomposite films 532:554 the nanocomposite films 532:554 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 1 31 theme drug 236:239 arg1 delivery 241:248 drug delivery 236:248 drug delivery 236:248 Nanofiber-based materials have recently gained increasing attention in food packaging, drug delivery, and biomedical applications. 31635728 7 32 theme multi-nanofibers 872:886 arg1 film 898:901 the multi-nanofibers composite film 868:901 the multi-nanofibers composite film 868:901 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 7 32 theme multi-nanofibers 872:886 arg1 capable 992:998 capable 992:998 capable 992:998 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 5 33 theme vapor 722:726 arg1 permeability 728:739 water vapor permeability 716:739 water vapor permeability of BCNF film 716:752 The Cur particles reduced tensile strength and increased water vapor permeability of BCNF film. 31635728 8 34 used used 1129:1132 arg2 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 34 used used 1129:1132 arg2 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 35 theme Cur/BCNF/CNF 1094:1105 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 35 theme Cur/BCNF/CNF 1094:1105 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 3 36 theme well-dispersed 479:492 arg1 micro/nanoparticles 509:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 3 37 theme micro/nanoparticles 509:527 arg1 formation 466:474 the formation 462:474 the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films 462:554 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 0 38 theme smart 64:68 arg1 films 70:74 smart films 64:74 smart films containing natural active microspheres 64:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 4 39 theme Cur 572:574 arg1 release 561:567 The release 557:567 The release of Cur from the films 557:589 The release of Cur from the films were affected by CNF and the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ. 31635728 3 40 theme Cur 504:506 arg1 micro/nanoparticles 509:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles 479:527 The nanofibers were responsible for the formation of well-dispersed curcumin (Cur) micro/nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films. 31635728 0 41 dep multi-nanofibers 42:56 arg1 based 58:62 based 58:62 multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres 42:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 2 42 theme nanofiber 371:379 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 7 43 theme boric 1041:1045 arg1 acid 1047:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 6 44 theme film 852:855 arg1 strength 792:799 mechanical strength 781:799 mechanical strength 781:799 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 6 44 theme film 852:855 arg1 property 813:820 barrier property 805:820 barrier property 805:820 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 7 45 theme trace 1025:1029 arg1 amount 1031:1036 trace amount 1025:1036 trace amount of boric acid 1025:1050 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 7 45 theme trace 1025:1029 arg1 acid 1047:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 1 46 theme Nanofiber-based 149:163 arg1 materials 165:173 Nanofiber-based materials 149:173 Nanofiber-based materials 149:173 Nanofiber-based materials have recently gained increasing attention in food packaging, drug delivery, and biomedical applications. 31635728 7 47 theme acid 1047:1050 arg1 change 1014:1019 pH change 1011:1019 pH change 1011:1019 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 7 47 theme acid 1047:1050 arg1 amount 1031:1036 trace amount 1025:1036 trace amount of boric acid 1025:1050 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 7 47 theme acid 1047:1050 arg1 acid 1047:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 boric acid 1041:1050 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 6 48 theme composite 842:850 arg1 film 852:855 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 825:855 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 825:855 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 7 49 theme pH 1011:1012 arg1 change 1014:1019 pH change 1011:1019 pH change 1011:1019 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 2 50 theme bacterial 351:359 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 7 51 theme dynamic 920:926 arg1 capacity 940:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 2 52 theme cellulose 361:369 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 0 53 theme natural 87:93 arg1 microspheres 102:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 6 54 theme Cur/BCNF/CNF 829:840 arg1 film 852:855 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 825:855 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 825:855 However, CNF improved the mechanical strength and barrier property of the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film. 31635728 2 55 theme nanofiber 395:403 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 7 56 theme antioxidant 928:938 arg1 capacity 940:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity 910:947 Moreover, the multi-nanofibers composite film showed excellent dynamic antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity, as well as was capable to monitor pH change and trace amount of boric acid. 31635728 4 57 theme Cur 629:631 arg1 particles 633:641 Cur particles 629:641 Cur particles formed in situ 629:656 The release of Cur from the films were affected by CNF and the sizes of Cur particles formed in situ. 31635728 0 58 contain containing 76:85 arg2 microspheres 102:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 natural active microspheres 87:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 0 58 contain containing 76:85 arg1 films 70:74 smart films 64:74 smart films containing natural active microspheres 64:113 Development of bacterial cellulose/chitin multi-nanofibers based smart films containing natural active microspheres and nanoparticles formed in situ. 31635728 2 59 theme /chitin 387:393 arg1 hybridization 411:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization 351:423 In this study, a multi-nanofibers composite film was developed based on bacterial cellulose nanofiber (BCNF)/chitin nanofiber (CNF) hybridization. 31635728 8 60 theme active 1149:1154 arg1 film 1117:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film 1090:1120 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 31635728 8 60 theme active 1149:1154 arg1 material 1171:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 a smart and active food packaging material 1137:1178 Results of this study suggested that the Cur/BCNF/CNF composite film can be used as a smart and active food packaging material. 29351237 5 0 theme biosimilar 707:716 arg1 AryoSeven™ 718:727 the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ 697:727 the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ 697:727 A head-to-head biosimilarity study was conducted for the originator and the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ to evaluate comparable bioengineering. 29351237 9 1 contain had 1148:1150 arg2 variants 1204:1211 glycan variants 1197:1211 glycan variants 1197:1211 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 1 contain had 1148:1150 arg1 Ser52 1142:1146 Ser52 1142:1146 Ser52 1142:1146 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 1 contain had 1148:1150 arg2 xylose 1176:1181 xylose 1176:1181 xylose 1176:1181 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 1 contain had 1148:1150 arg2 O-glucose- 1165:1174 O-glucose- 1165:1174 O-glucose-(xylose) 1165:1182 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 1 contain had 1148:1150 arg2 O-glucose 1152:1160 O-glucose 1152:1160 O-glucose 1152:1160 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 2 gly O-fucosylated 1124:1136 arg1 Ser60 1102:1106 Ser60 1102:1106 Ser60 1102:1106 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 4 3 gly O-glycosylated 609:622 arg1 Ser60 599:603 Ser60 599:603 Ser60 599:603 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 3 gly O-glycosylated 609:622 arg1 Ser52 589:593 Ser52 589:593 Ser52 589:593 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 4 theme moiety 520:525 arg1 acids 496:500 The first ten glutamic acids 473:500 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety 473:525 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 4 theme moiety 520:525 arg1 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 12 5 theme process 1469:1475 arg1 optimization 1477:1488 careful process optimization 1461:1488 careful process optimization 1461:1488 Consequently, careful process optimization led to a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals. 29351237 9 6 theme 1,2 1183:1185 arg1 motifs 1187:1192 1,2 motifs 1183:1192 1,2 motifs 1183:1192 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 12 7 theme biopharmaceuticals 1532:1549 arg1 process 1517:1523 a stable production process 1497:1523 a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals 1497:1549 Consequently, careful process optimization led to a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals. 29351237 8 8 gly O-glycopeptide 1080:1093 arg2 O-glycopeptide 1080:1093 two different O-glycopeptide sites 1066:1099 N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites 1033:1099 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 1 9 theme single 253:258 arg1 chain 268:272 a single peptide chain 251:272 a single peptide chain of 406 residues 251:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 10 10 theme mobility 1218:1225 arg1 TWIMS 1241:1245 TWIMS 1241:1245 TWIMS 1241:1245 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 10 10 theme mobility 1218:1225 arg1 spectrometry 1227:1238 Ion mobility spectrometry 1214:1238 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) 1214:1246 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 6 11 theme higher-order 869:880 arg1 structure 882:890 higher-order structure 869:890 higher-order structure 869:890 Physicochemical properties were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure. 29351237 7 12 theme N-glycan 960:967 arg1 profiles 969:976 their N-glycan profiles 954:976 their N-glycan profiles 954:976 Both biotherapeutics exhibit a batch-to-batch variability in their N-glycan profiles. 29351237 1 13 theme peptide 260:266 arg1 chain 268:272 a single peptide chain 251:272 a single peptide chain of 406 residues 251:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 6 14 theme Physicochemical 768:782 arg1 properties 784:793 Physicochemical properties 768:793 Physicochemical properties 768:793 Physicochemical properties were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure. 29351237 9 15 dep O-glucose 1152:1160 arg1 motifs 1187:1192 1,2 motifs 1183:1192 1,2 motifs 1183:1192 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 3 16 theme many 427:430 arg1 PTMs 466:469 PTMs 466:469 PTMs 466:469 Recombinant FVIIa undergoes many post-translational modifications (PTMs). 29351237 3 16 theme many 427:430 arg1 modifications 451:463 many post-translational modifications 427:463 many post-translational modifications (PTMs) 427:470 Recombinant FVIIa undergoes many post-translational modifications (PTMs). 29351237 8 17 theme different 1070:1078 arg1 sites 1095:1099 two different O-glycopeptide sites 1066:1099 N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites 1033:1099 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 3 18 theme Recombinant 399:409 arg1 FVIIa 411:415 Recombinant FVIIa 399:415 Recombinant FVIIa 399:415 Recombinant FVIIa undergoes many post-translational modifications (PTMs). 29351237 0 19 theme Characterization 57:72 arg1 Bioengineering 0:13 Bioengineering 0:13 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 0:102 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 29351237 12 20 theme careful 1461:1467 arg1 optimization 1477:1488 careful process optimization 1461:1488 careful process optimization 1461:1488 Consequently, careful process optimization led to a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals. 29351237 4 21 gly N-glycosylated 569:582 arg1 Asn145 547:552 Asn145 547:552 Asn145 547:552 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 21 gly N-glycosylated 569:582 arg1 Asn322 558:563 Asn322 558:563 Asn322 558:563 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 1 22 theme Eptacog 104:110 arg1 VIIa 174:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa 133:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues 133:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 22 theme Eptacog 104:110 arg1 NovoSeven® 118:127 NovoSeven® 118:127 NovoSeven® 118:127 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 22 theme Eptacog 104:110 arg1 alfa 112:115 Eptacog alfa 104:115 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) 104:128 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 10 23 theme close 1281:1285 arg1 similarity 1287:1296 close similarity 1281:1296 close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals 1281:1346 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 1 24 theme genetic 191:197 arg1 engineering 199:209 genetic engineering 191:209 genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 191:246 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 7 25 theme batch-to-batch 924:937 arg1 variability 939:949 a batch-to-batch variability 922:949 a batch-to-batch variability in their N-glycan profiles 922:976 Both biotherapeutics exhibit a batch-to-batch variability in their N-glycan profiles. 29351237 11 26 theme biodrugs 1364:1371 arg1 Potency 1349:1355 Potency 1349:1355 Potency of the biodrugs 1349:1371 Potency of the biodrugs was analyzed by a coagulation assay demonstrating comparable bioactivity. 29351237 8 27 theme O-glycopeptide 1080:1093 arg1 sites 1095:1099 two different O-glycopeptide sites 1066:1099 N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites 1033:1099 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 8 28 theme N-glycosylation 1033:1047 arg1 sites 1049:1053 N-glycosylation sites 1033:1053 N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites 1033:1099 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 12 29 theme stable 1499:1504 arg1 process 1517:1523 a stable production process 1497:1523 a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals 1497:1549 Consequently, careful process optimization led to a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals. 29351237 0 30 theme Biopharmaceutical 25:41 arg1 Bioengineering 0:13 Bioengineering 0:13 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 0:102 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 29351237 4 31 theme glutamic 487:494 arg1 acids 496:500 The first ten glutamic acids 473:500 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety 473:525 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 31 theme glutamic 487:494 arg1 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 5 32 theme biosimilarity 640:652 arg1 study 654:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study 625:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study 625:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study was conducted for the originator and the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ to evaluate comparable bioengineering. 29351237 8 33 theme N-Glycopeptide 979:992 arg1 analysis 994:1001 N-Glycopeptide analysis 979:1001 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE 979:1021 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 5 34 theme comparable 741:750 arg1 bioengineering 752:765 comparable bioengineering 741:765 comparable bioengineering 741:765 A head-to-head biosimilarity study was conducted for the originator and the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ to evaluate comparable bioengineering. 29351237 10 35 theme structure 1318:1326 arg1 similarity 1287:1296 close similarity 1281:1296 close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals 1281:1346 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 1 36 theme baby 216:219 arg1 BHK 237:239 BHK 237:239 BHK 237:239 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 36 theme baby 216:219 arg1 kidney 229:234 baby hamster kidney 216:234 baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 216:246 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 0 37 theme rFVIIa 18:23 arg1 Biopharmaceutical 25:41 rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical 18:41 rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical 18:41 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 29351237 1 38 theme residues 281:288 arg1 chain 268:272 a single peptide chain 251:272 a single peptide chain of 406 residues 251:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 6 39 theme intact 847:852 arg1 mass 854:857 intact mass 847:857 intact mass 847:857 Physicochemical properties were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure. 29351237 7 40 from variability 939:949 arg1 profiles 969:976 their N-glycan profiles 954:976 their N-glycan profiles 954:976 Both biotherapeutics exhibit a batch-to-batch variability in their N-glycan profiles. 29351237 10 41 theme higher-order 1305:1316 arg1 structure 1318:1326 the higher-order structure 1301:1326 the higher-order structure of both biologicals 1301:1346 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 1 42 theme hamster 221:227 arg1 BHK 237:239 BHK 237:239 BHK 237:239 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 42 theme hamster 221:227 arg1 kidney 229:234 baby hamster kidney 216:234 baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 216:246 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 0 43 theme Structure 47:55 arg1 Characterization 57:72 Structure Characterization 47:72 Structure Characterization 47:72 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 29351237 2 44 theme heavy 362:366 arg1 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 44 theme heavy 362:366 arg1 chain 368:372 a heavy chain 360:372 a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids 360:396 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 1 45 theme kidney 229:234 arg1 cells 242:246 baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 216:246 baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 216:246 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 4 46 theme N-terminal 509:518 arg1 moiety 520:525 the N-terminal moiety 505:525 the N-terminal moiety 505:525 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 10 47 theme spectroscopy 1256:1267 arg1 data 1269:1272 NMR spectroscopy data 1252:1272 NMR spectroscopy data 1252:1272 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 2 48 theme acids 392:396 arg1 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 48 theme acids 392:396 arg1 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 48 theme acids 392:396 arg1 chain 368:372 a heavy chain 360:372 a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids 360:396 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 48 theme acids 392:396 arg1 chain 332:336 a light chain 324:336 a light chain (LC) of 152 amino 324:354 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 11 49 theme comparable 1423:1432 arg1 bioactivity 1434:1444 comparable bioactivity 1423:1444 comparable bioactivity 1423:1444 Potency of the biodrugs was analyzed by a coagulation assay demonstrating comparable bioactivity. 29351237 1 50 from cells 242:246 arg1 engineering 199:209 genetic engineering 191:209 genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells 191:246 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 5 51 theme first 701:705 arg1 AryoSeven™ 718:727 the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ 697:727 the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ 697:727 A head-to-head biosimilarity study was conducted for the originator and the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ to evaluate comparable bioengineering. 29351237 2 52 theme light 326:330 arg1 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 52 theme light 326:330 arg1 chain 332:336 a light chain 324:336 a light chain (LC) of 152 amino 324:354 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 53 theme amino 386:390 arg1 acids 392:396 254 amino acids 382:396 254 amino acids 382:396 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 6 54 dep analyzed 800:807 arg1 based 809:813 based 809:813 were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure 795:890 Physicochemical properties were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure. 29351237 6 55 theme mass 818:821 arg1 spectrometry 823:834 mass spectrometry 818:834 mass spectrometry 818:834 Physicochemical properties were analyzed based on mass spectrometry, including intact mass, PTMs and higher-order structure. 29351237 10 56 theme biologicals 1336:1346 arg1 structure 1318:1326 the higher-order structure 1301:1326 the higher-order structure of both biologicals 1301:1346 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 3 57 theme post-translational 432:449 arg1 PTMs 466:469 PTMs 466:469 PTMs 466:469 Recombinant FVIIa undergoes many post-translational modifications (PTMs). 29351237 3 57 theme post-translational 432:449 arg1 modifications 451:463 many post-translational modifications 427:463 many post-translational modifications (PTMs) 427:470 Recombinant FVIIa undergoes many post-translational modifications (PTMs). 29351237 4 58 theme first 477:481 arg1 acids 496:500 The first ten glutamic acids 473:500 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety 473:525 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 4 58 theme first 477:481 arg1 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 γ-carboxylated 531:544 The first ten glutamic acids of the N-terminal moiety are γ-carboxylated, Asn145 and Asn322 are N-glycosylated, and Ser52 and Ser60 are O-glycosylated. 29351237 1 59 theme vitamin 135:141 arg1 VIIa 174:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa 133:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues 133:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 59 theme vitamin 135:141 arg1 alfa 112:115 Eptacog alfa 104:115 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) 104:128 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 10 60 theme Ion 1214:1216 arg1 TWIMS 1241:1245 TWIMS 1241:1245 TWIMS 1241:1245 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 10 60 theme Ion 1214:1216 arg1 spectrometry 1227:1238 Ion mobility spectrometry 1214:1238 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) 1214:1246 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 10 61 theme NMR 1252:1254 arg1 data 1269:1272 NMR spectroscopy data 1252:1272 NMR spectroscopy data 1252:1272 Ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) and NMR spectroscopy data affirm close similarity of the higher-order structure of both biologicals. 29351237 5 62 theme head-to-head 627:638 arg1 study 654:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study 625:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study 625:658 A head-to-head biosimilarity study was conducted for the originator and the first biosimilar AryoSeven™ to evaluate comparable bioengineering. 29351237 11 63 theme coagulation 1391:1401 arg1 assay 1403:1407 a coagulation assay 1389:1407 a coagulation assay demonstrating comparable bioactivity 1389:1444 Potency of the biodrugs was analyzed by a coagulation assay demonstrating comparable bioactivity. 29351237 1 64 theme K-dependent 143:153 arg1 VIIa 174:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa 133:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues 133:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 64 theme K-dependent 143:153 arg1 alfa 112:115 Eptacog alfa 104:115 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) 104:128 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 9 65 theme glycan 1197:1202 arg1 O-glucose 1152:1160 O-glucose 1152:1160 O-glucose 1152:1160 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 65 theme glycan 1197:1202 arg1 O-glucose- 1165:1174 O-glucose- 1165:1174 O-glucose-(xylose) 1165:1182 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 9 65 theme glycan 1197:1202 arg1 variants 1204:1211 glycan variants 1197:1211 glycan variants 1197:1211 Ser60 was found to be O-fucosylated and Ser52 had O-glucose or O-glucose-(xylose)1,2 motifs as glycan variants. 29351237 8 66 with analysis 994:1001 arg1 UHPLC-QTOF-MSE 1008:1021 UHPLC-QTOF-MSE 1008:1021 UHPLC-QTOF-MSE 1008:1021 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 12 67 theme production 1506:1515 arg1 process 1517:1523 a stable production process 1497:1523 a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals 1497:1549 Consequently, careful process optimization led to a stable production process of the biopharmaceuticals. 29351237 1 68 theme recombinant 155:165 arg1 VIIa 174:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa 133:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues 133:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 68 theme recombinant 155:165 arg1 alfa 112:115 Eptacog alfa 104:115 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) 104:128 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 2 69 theme amino 350:354 arg1 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 LC 339:340 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 69 theme amino 350:354 arg1 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 HC 375:376 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 69 theme amino 350:354 arg1 chain 368:372 a heavy chain 360:372 a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids 360:396 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 2 69 theme amino 350:354 arg1 chain 332:336 a light chain 324:336 a light chain (LC) of 152 amino 324:354 After activation, it consists of a light chain (LC) of 152 amino and a heavy chain (HC) of 254 amino acids. 29351237 0 70 theme Biosimilarity 78:90 arg1 Assessment 92:101 Biosimilarity Assessment 78:101 Biosimilarity Assessment 78:101 Bioengineering of rFVIIa Biopharmaceutical and Structure Characterization for Biosimilarity Assessment. 29351237 8 71 gly N-glycosylation 1033:1047 arg2 sites 1049:1053 N-glycosylation sites 1033:1053 N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites 1033:1099 N-Glycopeptide analysis with UHPLC-QTOF-MSE confirmed N-glycosylation sites as well as two different O-glycopeptide sites. 29351237 1 72 theme Factor 167:172 arg1 VIIa 174:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa 133:177 a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues 133:288 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 29351237 1 72 theme Factor 167:172 arg1 alfa 112:115 Eptacog alfa 104:115 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) 104:128 Eptacog alfa (NovoSeven®) is a vitamin K-dependent recombinant Factor VIIa produced by genetic engineering from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells as a single peptide chain of 406 residues. 31725254 2 0 theme @ 571:571 arg1 SEC 572:574 [EIS@SEC 567:574 [EIS@SEC 567:574 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 4 1 theme butylmethylimmidazolium 959:981 arg1 chloride 983:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 6 2 theme melting 1188:1194 arg1 processes 1196:1204 the crystallization and melting processes 1164:1204 processes 1196:1204 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 6 3 theme absorbing 1342:1350 arg1 energy 1352:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 4 4 theme @ 830:830 arg1 SEC 831:833 [EIS@SEC] 826:834 [EIS@SEC] 826:834 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 6 5 dep warm 1391:1394 arg1 they 1386:1389 they 1386:1389 they 1386:1389 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 3 6 theme phase 665:669 arg1 transitions 671:681 phase transitions 665:681 phase transitions 665:681 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 6 7 theme crystallization 1168:1182 arg1 processes 1196:1204 the crystallization and melting processes 1164:1204 processes 1196:1204 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 1 8 theme nm 275:276 arg1 holes 287:291 ∼200 nm diameter holes 270:291 ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 270:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 9 theme empty 192:196 arg1 microcapsules 198:210 empty microcapsules 192:210 empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 192:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 9 theme empty 192:196 arg1 μm 224:225 25 μm 221:225 25 μm in diameter 221:237 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 9 theme empty 192:196 arg1 capsules 172:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules 152:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) 152:186 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 10 theme diameter 278:285 arg1 holes 287:291 ∼200 nm diameter holes 270:291 ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 270:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 8 11 theme @ 1572:1572 arg1 composites 1578:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 7 12 theme relative 1506:1513 arg1 % 1504:1504 57% 1502:1504 57% relative to pure EIS 1502:1525 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 6 13 theme SEC 1226:1228 arg1 composites 1231:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 1 14 contain have 243:246 arg1 microcapsules 198:210 empty microcapsules 192:210 empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 192:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 14 contain have 243:246 arg1 μm 224:225 25 μm 221:225 25 μm in diameter 221:237 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 14 contain have 243:246 arg2 networks 258:265 extensive networks 248:265 extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 248:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 14 contain have 243:246 arg1 capsules 172:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules 152:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) 152:186 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 15 from μm 224:225 arg1 diameter 230:237 diameter 230:237 diameter 230:237 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 10 16 theme abundant 2146:2153 arg1 materials 2155:2163 all naturally abundant materials 2132:2163 all naturally abundant materials using a green and recyclable synthesis 2132:2202 They are also are sustainable and biocompatible because as they are synthesized from all naturally abundant materials using a green and recyclable synthesis. 31725254 6 17 theme [CEL+EIS 1217:1224 arg1 composites 1231:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 8 18 theme [CEL+EIS 1768:1775 arg1 composites 1782:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 18 theme [CEL+EIS 1768:1775 arg1 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 1 19 theme exine 166:170 arg1 microcapsules 198:210 empty microcapsules 192:210 empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 192:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 19 theme exine 166:170 arg1 SECs 182:185 SECs 182:185 SECs 182:185 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 19 theme exine 166:170 arg1 capsules 172:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules 152:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) 152:186 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 3 20 theme elevated 776:783 arg1 temperatures 785:796 elevated temperatures 776:796 elevated temperatures 776:796 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 7 21 theme composites 1464:1473 arg1 release 1439:1445 release 1439:1445 release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1439:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 7 21 theme composites 1464:1473 arg1 storage 1427:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 3 22 theme change 725:730 arg1 property 732:739 its phase change property 715:739 its phase change property 715:739 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 8 23 theme SEC 1777:1779 arg1 composites 1782:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 23 theme SEC 1777:1779 arg1 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 4 24 theme ionic 946:950 arg1 chloride 983:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 7 25 theme SEC 1459:1461 arg1 composites 1464:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 11 26 theme @ 2239:2239 arg1 composites 2245:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 26 theme @ 2239:2239 arg1 materials 2298:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 9 27 theme strong 2017:2022 arg1 properties 2035:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 0 28 theme Cellulose 92:100 arg1 Composites 102:111 Cellulose Composites 92:111 Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials 92:149 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 1 29 theme cytoplastic 351:361 arg1 materials 363:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 8 30 theme cycle 1645:1649 arg1 times 1655:1659 the heating-melting cycle 220 times 1625:1659 the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material 1625:1849 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 7 31 theme [CEL+EIS 1450:1457 arg1 composites 1464:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 4 32 theme cellulose 873:881 arg1 composites 889:898 cellulose (CEL) composites 873:898 cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 873:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 7 33 theme release 1439:1445 arg1 efficiency 1401:1410 The efficiency 1397:1410 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1397:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 2 34 theme natural 489:495 arg1 n-eicosane 469:478 n-eicosane 469:478 n-eicosane (EIS) 469:484 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 2 34 theme natural 489:495 arg1 wax 506:508 a natural paraffin wax 487:508 a natural paraffin wax 487:508 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 11 35 theme performance 2286:2296 arg1 materials 2298:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 35 theme performance 2286:2296 arg1 composites 2245:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 1 36 theme natural 382:388 arg1 grains 397:402 the natural pollen grains 378:402 the natural pollen grains 378:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 4 37 theme simple 939:944 arg1 chloride 983:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 0 38 theme Natural 0:6 arg1 Microcapsules 22:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules 0:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules 0:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 5 39 theme SEC 1071:1073 arg1 composites 1076:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 Similar to EIS alone, EIS in the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites melts when heated and crystallizes when cooled. 31725254 9 40 theme SEC 1865:1867 arg1 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 40 theme SEC 1865:1867 arg1 composites 1870:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 4 41 theme liquid 952:957 arg1 chloride 983:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride 935:990 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 8 42 from EIS 1708:1710 arg1 cavity 1719:1724 its cavity 1715:1724 its cavity 1715:1724 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 9 43 theme [CEL+EIS 1856:1863 arg1 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 43 theme [CEL+EIS 1856:1863 arg1 composites 1870:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 2 44 theme phase 433:437 arg1 PCM 456:458 PCM 456:458 PCM 456:458 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 2 44 theme phase 433:437 arg1 material 446:453 a phase change material 431:453 a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, 431:509 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 8 45 theme phase 1829:1833 arg1 material 1842:1849 a phase change material 1827:1849 a phase change material 1827:1849 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 7 46 theme heat 1422:1425 arg1 storage 1427:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 11 47 theme building 2393:2400 arg1 materials 2402:2410 smart building materials 2387:2410 smart building materials 2387:2410 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 3 48 theme robust 601:606 arg1 nature 608:613 robust nature 601:613 robust nature 601:613 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 5 49 from EIS 1051:1053 arg1 composites 1076:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 Similar to EIS alone, EIS in the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites melts when heated and crystallizes when cooled. 31725254 11 50 dep such 2312:2315 arg1 uses 2317:2320 uses 2317:2320 uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds 2317:2355 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 50 dep such 2312:2315 arg1 smart 2358:2362 smart 2358:2362 smart 2358:2362 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 0 51 theme Material 78:85 arg1 Encapsulation 48:60 Encapsulation 48:60 Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials 48:149 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 0 52 theme Phase 65:69 arg1 Material 78:85 Phase Change Material 65:85 Phase Change Material 65:85 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 5 53 theme [CEL+EIS 1062:1069 arg1 composites 1076:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 Similar to EIS alone, EIS in the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites melts when heated and crystallizes when cooled. 31725254 4 54 with composites 889:898 arg1 process 917:923 a synthetic process 905:923 a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 905:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 4 55 theme @ 1011:1011 arg1 composites 1017:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 11 56 theme energy 2417:2422 arg1 storage 2424:2430 energy storage 2417:2430 energy storage 2417:2430 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 6 57 dep they 1328:1331 arg1 energy 1352:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 9 58 theme available 1907:1915 arg1 materials 1917:1925 any other available materials 1897:1925 any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM 1897:1951 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 2 59 theme [EIS 567:570 arg1 SEC 572:574 [EIS@SEC 567:574 [EIS@SEC 567:574 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 1 60 theme ∼200 270:273 arg1 nm 275:276 nm 275:276 nm 275:276 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 4 61 theme [EIS 826:829 arg1 SEC 831:833 [EIS@SEC] 826:834 [EIS@SEC] 826:834 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 9 62 theme encapsulated 1936:1947 arg1 PCM 1949:1951 encapsulated PCM 1936:1951 encapsulated PCM 1936:1951 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 8 63 theme DSC 1546:1548 arg1 curves 1550:1555 the DSC curves 1542:1555 the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1542:1587 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 64 dep times 1655:1659 arg1 indicates 1669:1677 indicates 1669:1677 indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material 1669:1849 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 65 theme [CEL+EIS 1564:1571 arg1 composites 1578:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 11 66 theme such 2312:2315 arg1 textiles 2364:2371 such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles 2312:2371 such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage 2312:2430 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 3 67 from EIS 630:632 arg1 microcavity 641:651 the microcavity 637:651 the microcavity 637:651 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 8 68 theme SEC 1573:1575 arg1 composites 1578:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1560:1587 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 1 69 theme external 329:336 arg1 materials 363:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 3 70 theme phase 719:723 arg1 property 732:739 its phase change property 715:739 its phase change property 715:739 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 6 71 theme @ 1225:1225 arg1 composites 1231:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1213:1240 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 8 72 theme composites 1578:1587 arg1 curves 1550:1555 the DSC curves 1542:1555 the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1542:1587 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 73 theme @ 1776:1776 arg1 composites 1782:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1764:1791 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 8 73 theme @ 1776:1776 arg1 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 stable 1804:1809 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 1 74 theme Sporopollenin 152:164 arg1 microcapsules 198:210 empty microcapsules 192:210 empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 192:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 74 theme Sporopollenin 152:164 arg1 SECs 182:185 SECs 182:185 SECs 182:185 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 1 74 theme Sporopollenin 152:164 arg1 capsules 172:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules 152:179 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) 152:186 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 3 75 theme corrosive 802:810 arg1 environments 812:823 corrosive environments 802:823 corrosive environments 802:823 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 11 76 theme SEC 2240:2242 arg1 composites 2245:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 76 theme SEC 2240:2242 arg1 materials 2298:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 7 77 theme @ 1458:1458 arg1 composites 1464:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1450:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 11 78 theme [CEL+EIS 2231:2238 arg1 composites 2245:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 78 theme [CEL+EIS 2231:2238 arg1 materials 2298:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 1 79 theme internal 342:349 arg1 materials 363:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 all external and internal cytoplastic materials 325:371 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 9 80 contain have 2012:2015 arg1 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 80 contain have 2012:2015 arg1 composites 1870:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 80 contain have 2012:2015 arg2 properties 2035:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 81 theme mechanical 2024:2033 arg1 properties 2035:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 strong mechanical properties 2017:2044 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 0 82 theme Smart 117:121 arg1 Materials 141:149 Smart and Biocompatible Materials 117:149 Smart and Biocompatible Materials 117:149 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 8 83 theme heating-melting 1629:1643 arg1 times 1655:1659 the heating-melting cycle 220 times 1625:1659 the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material 1625:1849 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 2 84 theme paraffin 497:504 arg1 n-eicosane 469:478 n-eicosane 469:478 n-eicosane (EIS) 469:484 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 2 84 theme paraffin 497:504 arg1 wax 506:508 a natural paraffin wax 487:508 a natural paraffin wax 487:508 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 11 85 theme high 2281:2284 arg1 materials 2298:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 high performance materials 2281:2306 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 11 85 theme high 2281:2284 arg1 composites 2245:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 2227:2254 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 0 86 theme Biocompatible 127:139 arg1 Materials 141:149 Smart and Biocompatible Materials 117:149 Smart and Biocompatible Materials 117:149 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 10 87 theme recyclable 2183:2192 arg1 synthesis 2194:2202 recyclable synthesis 2183:2202 recyclable synthesis 2183:2202 They are also are sustainable and biocompatible because as they are synthesized from all naturally abundant materials using a green and recyclable synthesis. 31725254 0 88 theme Sporopollenin 8:20 arg1 Microcapsules 22:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules 0:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules 0:34 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 1 89 theme pollen 390:395 arg1 grains 397:402 the natural pollen grains 378:402 the natural pollen grains 378:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 8 90 theme change 1835:1840 arg1 material 1842:1849 a phase change material 1827:1849 a phase change material 1827:1849 The fact that the DSC curves of the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites remain the same after going through the heating-melting cycle 220 times clearly indicates that SEC effectively retains EIS in its cavity and protects it from leaking and that the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are highly stable and reliable as a phase change material. 31725254 1 91 theme holes 287:291 arg1 networks 258:265 extensive networks 248:265 extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 248:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 31725254 2 92 theme change 439:444 arg1 PCM 456:458 PCM 456:458 PCM 456:458 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 2 92 theme change 439:444 arg1 material 446:453 a phase change material 431:453 a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, 431:509 We have demonstrated that a phase change material (PCM) such as n-eicosane (EIS), a natural paraffin wax, can be successfully encapsulated in the SECs to produce [EIS@SEC]. 31725254 11 93 theme smart 2387:2391 arg1 materials 2402:2410 smart building materials 2387:2410 smart building materials 2387:2410 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 9 94 theme @ 1864:1864 arg1 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 superior 1885:1892 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 9 94 theme @ 1864:1864 arg1 composites 1870:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1852:1879 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 7 95 theme storage 1427:1433 arg1 efficiency 1401:1410 The efficiency 1397:1410 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1397:1473 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 6 96 from surroundings 1368:1379 arg1 energy 1352:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 7 97 theme pure 1518:1521 arg1 EIS 1523:1525 pure EIS 1518:1525 pure EIS 1518:1525 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 4 98 theme synthetic 907:915 arg1 process 917:923 a synthetic process 905:923 a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 905:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 3 99 theme high 582:585 arg1 stability 587:595 high stability 582:595 high stability 582:595 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 0 100 theme Change 71:76 arg1 Material 78:85 Phase Change Material 65:85 Phase Change Material 65:85 Natural Sporopollenin Microcapsules Facilitated Encapsulation of Phase Change Material into Cellulose Composites for Smart and Biocompatible Materials. 31725254 7 101 theme latent 1415:1420 arg1 storage 1427:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 latent heat storage 1415:1433 The efficiency of latent heat storage and release of [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites was estimated to be around 57% relative to pure EIS. 31725254 3 102 theme SECs 618:621 arg1 stability 587:595 high stability 582:595 high stability 582:595 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 3 102 theme SECs 618:621 arg1 nature 608:613 robust nature 601:613 robust nature 601:613 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 5 103 theme @ 1070:1070 arg1 composites 1076:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1058:1085 Similar to EIS alone, EIS in the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites melts when heated and crystallizes when cooled. 31725254 4 104 theme [CEL+EIS 1003:1010 arg1 composites 1017:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 3 105 dep stability 587:595 arg1 The 578:580 The 578:580 The 578:580 The high stability and robust nature of SECs retain EIS in the microcavity even during phase transitions, enabling EIS to fully maintain its phase change property while also protecting the EIS from elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. 31725254 4 106 theme SEC 1012:1014 arg1 composites 1017:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites 1003:1026 [EIS@SEC] can, therefore, be incorporated into cellulose (CEL) composites with a synthetic process that uses the simple ionic liquid butylmethylimmidazolium chloride to produce [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites. 31725254 11 107 theme burnt 2344:2348 arg1 wounds 2350:2355 burnt wounds 2344:2355 burnt wounds 2344:2355 These features enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to be uniquely suited as high performance materials for such uses as dressings to treat burnt wounds, smart textiles for clothing, smart building materials, and energy storage. 31725254 9 108 theme other 1901:1905 arg1 materials 1917:1925 any other available materials 1897:1925 any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM 1897:1951 The [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites are superior to any other available materials based on encapsulated PCM because they are not only robust, reliable, and stable and have strong mechanical properties. 31725254 6 109 theme cool 1333:1336 arg1 energy 1352:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 cool and absorbing energy 1333:1357 The energies associated with the crystallization and melting processes enable the [CEL+EIS@SEC] composites to fully exhibit the properties expected of PCMs, i.e., heating the surroundings when they cool and absorbing energy from the surroundings when they warm. 31725254 1 110 theme extensive 248:256 arg1 networks 258:265 extensive networks 248:265 extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains 248:402 Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are empty microcapsules that are 25 μm in diameter and have extensive networks of ∼200 nm diameter holes obtained by chemically removing all external and internal cytoplastic materials from the natural pollen grains. 29990883 1 0 theme medical 137:143 arg1 purposes 157:164 medical or esthetic purposes 137:164 medical or esthetic purposes 137:164 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 6 1 theme supply 945:950 arg1 chain 952:956 the legal supply chain 935:956 the legal supply chain 935:956 The method was subsequently applied to products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market. 29990883 0 2 theme dermal 56:61 arg1 filler 63:68 a dermal filler 54:68 a dermal filler causing adverse effects 54:92 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 6 3 from chain 952:956 arg1 products 921:928 products 921:928 products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market 921:979 The method was subsequently applied to products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market. 29990883 3 4 theme hyaluronic 449:458 arg1 fillers 471:477 hyaluronic acid-based fillers 449:477 hyaluronic acid-based fillers 449:477 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 6 5 theme legal 939:943 arg1 chain 952:956 the legal supply chain 935:956 the legal supply chain 935:956 The method was subsequently applied to products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market. 29990883 0 6 theme adverse 78:84 arg1 effects 86:92 adverse effects 78:92 adverse effects 78:92 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 7 7 dep reason 1147:1152 arg1 was 1131:1133 was 1131:1133 was 1131:1133 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 7 7 dep reason 1147:1152 arg1 as 1128:1129 as 1128:1129 as 1128:1129 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 1 8 theme tissue 313:318 arg1 hardening 300:308 hardening 300:308 hardening of tissue 300:318 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 8 9 from unreliable 1278:1287 arg1 relation 1292:1299 relation 1292:1299 relation to their product composition in general 1292:1339 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 7 10 contain contains 1069:1076 arg2 grade 1098:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 7 10 contain contains 1069:1076 arg1 H 1020:1020 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 7 10 contain contains 1069:1076 arg2 grade 1121:1125 crosslinking grade 1108:1125 crosslinking grade 1108:1125 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 9 11 theme illegal 1412:1418 arg1 products 1427:1434 the illegal market products 1408:1434 the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade 1408:1485 In this study, authentic products could not be distinguished from the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 4 12 theme crosslinking 660:671 arg1 grade 673:677 the crosslinking grade 656:677 the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis 656:724 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 7 13 theme adverse 1181:1187 arg1 effects 1189:1195 adverse effects 1181:1195 adverse effects of this product 1181:1211 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 7 14 theme high 1080:1083 arg1 grade 1098:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 4 15 dep establish 623:631 arg1 methodology 633:643 methodology 633:643 to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis 620:724 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 8 16 from relation 1292:1299 arg1 products 1258:1265 the Hyacorp products 1246:1265 the Hyacorp products 1246:1265 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 8 16 from relation 1292:1299 arg1 unreliable 1278:1287 unreliable 1278:1287 unreliable 1278:1287 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 1 17 theme esthetic 148:155 arg1 purposes 157:164 medical or esthetic purposes 137:164 medical or esthetic purposes 137:164 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 7 18 theme crosslinking 1108:1119 arg1 grade 1121:1125 crosslinking grade 1108:1125 crosslinking grade 1108:1125 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 2 19 theme adverse 416:422 arg1 effects 424:430 adverse effects 416:430 adverse effects 416:430 There appears to be a relationship between the lifetime of the filler product and the risk for adverse effects. 29990883 4 20 theme routine 712:718 arg1 basis 720:724 a routine basis 710:724 a routine basis 710:724 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 0 21 theme high 2:5 arg1 grade 20:24 A high crosslinking grade 0:24 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid 0:43 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 7 22 theme Hyacorp 1012:1018 arg1 H 1020:1020 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 6 23 from market 974:979 arg1 products 921:928 products 921:928 products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market 921:979 The method was subsequently applied to products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market. 29990883 4 24 theme HA-based 682:689 arg1 products 698:705 HA-based filler products 682:705 HA-based filler products 682:705 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 7 25 theme modification 1085:1096 arg1 grade 1098:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 a high modification grade 1078:1102 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 5 26 theme HA-BDDE-based 801:813 arg1 fillers 815:821 HA-BDDE-based fillers 801:821 HA-BDDE-based fillers 801:821 To this end, an analytical method was developed and validated to identify HA-BDDE-based fillers and to quantify their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 2 27 theme product 391:397 arg1 risk 407:410 the risk 403:410 the risk for adverse effects 403:430 There appears to be a relationship between the lifetime of the filler product and the risk for adverse effects. 29990883 2 27 theme product 391:397 arg1 lifetime 368:375 the lifetime 364:375 the lifetime of the filler product 364:397 There appears to be a relationship between the lifetime of the filler product and the risk for adverse effects. 29990883 1 28 with treatments 102:111 arg1 fillers 125:131 dermal fillers 118:131 dermal fillers 118:131 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 8 29 theme Hyacorp 1250:1256 arg1 products 1258:1265 the Hyacorp products 1246:1265 the Hyacorp products 1246:1265 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 8 29 theme Hyacorp 1250:1256 arg1 unreliable 1278:1287 unreliable 1278:1287 unreliable 1278:1287 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 2 30 theme filler 384:389 arg1 product 391:397 the filler product 380:397 the filler product 380:397 There appears to be a relationship between the lifetime of the filler product and the risk for adverse effects. 29990883 4 31 theme products 698:705 arg1 grade 673:677 the crosslinking grade 656:677 the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis 656:724 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 8 32 from composition 1318:1328 arg1 general 1333:1339 general 1333:1339 general 1333:1339 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 7 33 theme product 1205:1211 arg1 effects 1189:1195 adverse effects 1181:1195 adverse effects of this product 1181:1211 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 0 34 theme crosslinking 7:18 arg1 grade 20:24 A high crosslinking grade 0:24 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid 0:43 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 1 35 theme skin 265:268 arg1 reddening 248:256 reddening 248:256 reddening of the skin 248:268 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 7 36 theme product 1004:1010 arg1 H 1020:1020 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 the product Hyacorp H 1000 1000:1025 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 4 37 theme filler 691:696 arg1 products 698:705 HA-based filler products 682:705 HA-based filler products 682:705 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 9 38 theme market 1420:1425 arg1 products 1427:1434 the illegal market products 1408:1434 the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade 1408:1485 In this study, authentic products could not be distinguished from the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 3 39 dep presence 499:506 arg1 the 495:497 the 495:497 the 495:497 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 0 40 theme hyaluronic 29:38 arg1 acid 40:43 hyaluronic acid 29:43 hyaluronic acid 29:43 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 9 41 theme authentic 1357:1365 arg1 products 1367:1374 authentic products 1357:1374 authentic products 1357:1374 In this study, authentic products could not be distinguished from the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 1 42 theme adverse 192:198 arg1 effects 200:206 adverse effects 192:206 adverse effects 192:206 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 5 43 theme analytical 743:752 arg1 method 754:759 an analytical method 740:759 an analytical method 740:759 To this end, an analytical method was developed and validated to identify HA-BDDE-based fillers and to quantify their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 1 44 theme long 274:277 arg1 term 279:282 long term 274:282 long term effects such as hardening of tissue 274:318 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 3 45 theme crosslinking 522:533 arg1 ether 576:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 550:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 550:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 45 theme crosslinking 522:533 arg1 agents 535:540 crosslinking agents 522:540 crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 522:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 1 46 theme Facial 95:100 arg1 treatments 102:111 Facial treatments 95:111 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes 95:164 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 0 47 theme acid 40:43 arg1 grade 20:24 A high crosslinking grade 0:24 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid 0:43 A high crosslinking grade of hyaluronic acid found in a dermal filler causing adverse effects. 29990883 1 48 theme term 279:282 arg1 hardening 300:308 hardening 300:308 hardening of tissue 300:318 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 1 48 theme term 279:282 arg1 effects 284:290 long term effects 274:290 long term effects such as hardening of tissue 274:318 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 3 49 theme agents 535:540 arg1 ether 576:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 550:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 550:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 49 theme agents 535:540 arg1 amount 512:517 amount 512:517 amount 512:517 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 49 theme agents 535:540 arg1 agents 535:540 crosslinking agents 522:540 crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 522:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 49 theme agents 535:540 arg1 presence 499:506 presence 499:506 presence 499:506 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 4 50 from grade 673:677 arg1 basis 720:724 a routine basis 710:724 a routine basis 710:724 It would therefore make sense to establish methodology to analyze the crosslinking grade of HA-based filler products on a routine basis. 29990883 7 51 theme increased 1162:1170 arg1 risk 1172:1175 the increased risk 1158:1175 the increased risk for adverse effects of this product 1158:1211 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 8 52 theme product 1310:1316 arg1 composition 1318:1328 their product composition 1304:1328 their product composition in general 1304:1339 However, it was also shown that the Hyacorp products are highly unreliable in relation to their product composition in general. 29990883 5 53 theme crosslinking 862:873 arg1 grade 875:879 crosslinking grade 862:879 crosslinking grade 862:879 To this end, an analytical method was developed and validated to identify HA-BDDE-based fillers and to quantify their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 9 54 theme crosslinking 1468:1479 arg1 grade 1481:1485 crosslinking grade 1468:1485 crosslinking grade 1468:1485 In this study, authentic products could not be distinguished from the illegal market products based on their modification and crosslinking grade. 29990883 6 55 theme illegal 966:972 arg1 market 974:979 the illegal market 962:979 the illegal market 962:979 The method was subsequently applied to products from the legal supply chain and the illegal market. 29990883 1 56 theme dermal 118:123 arg1 fillers 125:131 dermal fillers 118:131 dermal fillers 118:131 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 3 57 theme 1,4-butanediol 550:563 arg1 BDDE 583:586 BDDE 583:586 BDDE 583:586 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 57 theme 1,4-butanediol 550:563 arg1 ether 576:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 550:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 550:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 58 theme acid-based 460:469 arg1 fillers 471:477 hyaluronic acid-based fillers 449:477 hyaluronic acid-based fillers 449:477 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 7 59 theme assumed 1139:1145 arg1 reason 1147:1152 the assumed reason 1135:1152 the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product 1135:1211 It was found that the product Hyacorp H 1000, previously taken from the market, indeed contains a high modification grade and crosslinking grade, as was the assumed reason for the increased risk for adverse effects of this product. 29990883 3 60 theme diglycidyl 565:574 arg1 BDDE 583:586 BDDE 583:586 BDDE 583:586 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 60 theme diglycidyl 565:574 arg1 ether 576:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether 550:580 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) 550:587 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 61 theme fillers 471:477 arg1 lifetime 437:444 The lifetime 433:444 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers 433:477 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 3 61 theme fillers 471:477 arg1 dependent 482:490 dependent 482:490 dependent 482:490 The lifetime of hyaluronic acid-based fillers is dependent on the presence and amount of crosslinking agents such as 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). 29990883 1 62 theme temporary 222:230 arg1 effects 232:238 temporary effects 222:238 temporary effects such as reddening of the skin 222:268 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 29990883 1 62 theme temporary 222:230 arg1 reddening 248:256 reddening 248:256 reddening of the skin 248:268 Facial treatments with dermal fillers for medical or esthetic purposes occasionally give rise to adverse effects, ranging from temporary effects such as reddening of the skin, to long term effects such as hardening of tissue. 30258536 4 0 theme rare 918:921 arg1 N-glycans 923:931 rare N-glycans 918:931 rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans 918:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 2 1 theme functional 377:386 arg1 modulation 388:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation 353:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs 353:409 However, molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs remains elusive. 30258536 2 2 from mechanism 340:348 arg1 modulation 388:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation 353:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs 353:409 However, molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs remains elusive. 30258536 2 3 theme molecular 330:338 arg1 mechanism 340:348 molecular mechanism 330:348 molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs 330:409 However, molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs remains elusive. 30258536 6 4 theme targeted 1676:1683 arg1 fragment 1693:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment 1672:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1672:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 5 theme nonasaccharide 1313:1326 arg1 precursor 1340:1348 a stable precursor 1331:1348 a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1331:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 5 theme nonasaccharide 1313:1326 arg1 synthesis 1289:1297 the synthesis 1285:1297 the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide 1285:1326 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 6 theme mutant 1517:1522 arg1 endo-M-N175Q 1524:1535 mutant endo-M-N175Q 1517:1535 mutant endo-M-N175Q 1517:1535 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 1 7 theme biological 172:181 arg1 activities 183:192 biological activities 172:192 biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies 172:318 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 7 theme biological 172:181 arg1 cytotoxicity 275:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity 254:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) 254:292 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 7 theme biological 172:181 arg1 cytotoxicity 230:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity 202:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) 202:248 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 3 8 theme glycopeptides 529:541 arg1 assay 505:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay 464:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 464:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 8 theme glycopeptides 529:541 arg1 approach 558:565 a promising approach 546:565 a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies 546:604 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 1 9 theme antibody-dependent 202:219 arg1 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 9 theme antibody-dependent 202:219 arg1 cytotoxicity 230:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity 202:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) 202:248 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 3 10 contain having 665:670 arg1 peptides 656:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides 625:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard 625:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 10 contain having 665:670 arg2 standard 711:718 standard 711:718 standard 711:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 10 contain having 665:670 arg2 N-glycoform 682:692 a focused N-glycoform 672:692 a focused N-glycoform 672:692 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 6 11 dep counterpart 1779:1789 arg1 fmol 1797:1800 1154 fmol 1792:1800 1154 fmol 1792:1800 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 11 dep counterpart 1779:1789 arg1 % 1807:1807 0.73% 1803:1807 0.73% 1803:1807 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 4 12 theme IgG 985:987 arg1 N-glycans 989:997 abundant IgG N-glycans 976:997 abundant IgG N-glycans 976:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 3 13 theme selected 464:471 arg1 monitoring 482:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 14 theme synthetic 643:651 arg1 peptides 656:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides 625:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard 625:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 6 15 theme bisected 1732:1739 arg1 a 1711:1711 a 1711:1711 a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) 1711:1757 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 7 16 gly glycosylated 1931:1942 arg1 variants 1951:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 6 17 theme nonfucosylated 1713:1726 arg1 a 1711:1711 a 1711:1711 a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) 1711:1757 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 4 18 theme higher 955:960 arg1 ADCC/CDC 962:969 much higher ADCC/CDC 950:969 much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans 950:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 19 theme human 767:771 arg1 peptide 781:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide 763:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 763:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 0 20 theme Nonfucosylated 61:74 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 6 21 theme Fc 1690:1691 arg1 fragment 1693:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment 1672:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1672:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 1 22 theme Fc 146:147 arg1 domain 149:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 4 23 with domain 906:911 arg1 N-glycans 923:931 rare N-glycans 918:931 rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans 918:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 24 theme SRM-based 1029:1037 arg1 glycoproteomics 1052:1066 the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics 1025:1066 the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics 1025:1066 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 25 theme synthetic 741:749 arg1 approach 751:758 a novel synthetic approach 733:758 a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 733:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 5 26 theme oxazoline 1353:1361 arg1 derivative 1363:1372 oxazoline derivative 1353:1372 oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1353:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 0 27 theme Fc 80:81 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 6 28 theme tryptic 1817:1823 arg1 digests 1825:1831 the tryptic digests 1813:1831 the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1813:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 4 29 theme bisected 798:805 arg1 compound 854:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 6 30 gly glycopeptides 1605:1617 arg2 glycopeptides 1605:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 30 gly glycopeptides 1605:1617 arg2 standards 1634:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 3 31 gly glycopeptides 529:541 arg2 glycopeptides 529:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 32 theme reaction 473:480 arg1 monitoring 482:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 0 33 theme Antibody 108:115 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 7 34 theme therapeutic 2017:2027 arg1 antibodies 2029:2038 the therapeutic antibodies 2013:2038 the therapeutic antibodies 2013:2038 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 4 35 theme Fc 778:779 arg1 peptide 781:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide 763:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 763:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 5 36 theme Asn297 1460:1465 arg1 residue 1467:1473 Asn297 residue 1460:1473 Asn297 residue 1460:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 6 37 gly nonfucosylated 1713:1726 arg1 a 1711:1711 a 1711:1711 a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) 1711:1757 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 0 38 theme Synthetic 0:8 arg1 Glycopeptides 10:22 Synthetic Glycopeptides 0:22 Synthetic Glycopeptides 0:22 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 6 39 theme trastuzumab 1881:1891 arg1 pmol 1842:1845 158 pmol 1838:1845 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1838:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 40 theme Fc 1424:1425 arg1 nonapeptide 1427:1437 Fc nonapeptide 1424:1437 Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1424:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 1 41 theme therapeutic 297:307 arg1 antibodies 309:318 therapeutic antibodies 297:318 therapeutic antibodies 297:318 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 7 42 theme biological 1988:1997 arg1 activities 1999:2008 the total biological activities 1978:2008 the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies 1978:2038 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 6 43 theme Herceptin 1870:1878 arg1 trastuzumab 1881:1891 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 44 theme bean 1241:1244 arg1 galactomannan 1250:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 7 45 theme glycosylated 1931:1942 arg1 variants 1951:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 5 46 dep -3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside 1160:1218 arg1 → 1156:1156 1 → 4 1154:1158 1 → 4 1154:1158 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 46 dep -3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside 1160:1218 arg1 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl 1104:1150 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl 1104:1150 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl 1104:1150 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 46 dep -3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside 1160:1218 arg1 phenyl 1096:1101 phenyl 1096:1101 phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)- 1096:1152 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 3 47 theme tryptic 514:520 arg1 glycopeptides 529:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 5 48 theme intermediate 1082:1093 arg1 Use 1069:1071 Use 1069:1071 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, 1069:1263 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 4 49 theme nonbisected 830:840 arg1 counterpart 842:852 its nonbisected counterpart 826:852 its nonbisected counterpart 826:852 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 6 50 theme synthetic 1592:1600 arg1 glycopeptides 1605:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 50 theme synthetic 1592:1600 arg1 standards 1634:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 51 theme stable 1333:1338 arg1 synthesis 1289:1297 the synthesis 1285:1297 the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide 1285:1326 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 51 theme stable 1333:1338 arg1 precursor 1340:1348 a stable precursor 1331:1348 a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1331:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 3 52 dep -based 498:503 arg1 monitoring 482:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 selected reaction monitoring 464:491 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 6 53 theme anticancer 1850:1859 arg1 trastuzumab 1881:1891 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 3 54 theme Fc 526:527 arg1 glycopeptides 529:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 1 55 theme complement-dependent 254:273 arg1 cytotoxicity 275:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity 254:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) 254:292 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 55 theme complement-dependent 254:273 arg1 CDC 289:291 CDC 289:291 CDC 289:291 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 6 56 theme SRM 1572:1574 arg1 assay 1576:1580 SRM assay 1572:1580 SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards 1572:1642 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 57 theme bisected 1304:1311 arg1 nonasaccharide 1313:1326 a bisected nonasaccharide 1302:1326 a bisected nonasaccharide 1302:1326 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 3 58 theme antibodies 595:604 arg1 characterization 575:590 the characterization 571:590 the characterization of antibodies 571:604 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 2 59 theme glycoform-dependent 357:375 arg1 modulation 388:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation 353:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs 353:409 However, molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs remains elusive. 30258536 3 60 theme promising 548:556 arg1 assay 505:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay 464:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 464:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 60 theme promising 548:556 arg1 approach 558:565 a promising approach 546:565 a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies 546:604 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 4 61 theme antibodies 882:891 arg1 signatures 868:877 the signatures 864:877 the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans 864:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 61 theme antibodies 882:891 arg1 application 1010:1020 their application 1004:1020 their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics 1004:1066 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 61 theme antibodies 882:891 arg1 approach 751:758 a novel synthetic approach 733:758 a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 733:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 5 62 contain carrying 1439:1446 arg1 nonapeptide 1427:1437 Fc nonapeptide 1424:1437 Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1424:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 62 contain carrying 1439:1446 arg2 GlcNAc 1450:1455 a GlcNAc 1448:1455 a GlcNAc 1448:1455 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 4 63 theme Fc 903:904 arg1 domain 906:911 Fc domain 903:911 Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans 903:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 64 contain having 789:794 arg1 peptide 781:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide 763:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 763:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 4 64 contain having 789:794 arg2 compound 854:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 3 65 theme structure-defined 625:641 arg1 peptides 656:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides 625:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard 625:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 6 66 theme calibration 1622:1632 arg1 glycopeptides 1605:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 66 theme calibration 1622:1632 arg1 standards 1634:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 1 67 theme cellular 221:228 arg1 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 67 theme cellular 221:228 arg1 cytotoxicity 230:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity 202:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) 202:248 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 4 68 theme abundant 976:983 arg1 N-glycans 989:997 abundant IgG N-glycans 976:997 abundant IgG N-glycans 976:997 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 6 69 contain carrying 1702:1709 arg1 fragment 1693:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment 1672:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1672:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 69 contain carrying 1702:1709 arg2 a 1711:1711 a 1711:1711 a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) 1711:1757 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 69 contain carrying 1702:1709 arg2 counterpart 1779:1789 its nonbisected counterpart 1763:1789 its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) 1763:1808 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 70 from pmol 1842:1845 arg1 digests 1825:1831 the tryptic digests 1813:1831 the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1813:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 71 theme nonbisected 1767:1777 arg1 counterpart 1779:1789 its nonbisected counterpart 1763:1789 its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) 1763:1808 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 5 72 theme enzymatic 1389:1397 arg1 trans-glycosylation 1399:1417 the enzymatic trans-glycosylation 1385:1417 the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1385:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 0 73 theme IgG 76:78 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 3 74 theme Fc 653:654 arg1 peptides 656:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides 625:663 structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard 625:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 6 75 theme fragment 1693:1700 arg1 occurrence 1658:1667 the occurrence 1654:1667 the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1654:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 1 76 theme IgG 142:144 arg1 domain 149:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 0 77 theme N-Glycans 83:91 arg1 Quantitation 38:49 the Quantitation 34:49 the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 34:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 6 78 theme IgG1 1685:1688 arg1 fragment 1693:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment 1672:1700 the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1672:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 79 dep a 1711:1711 arg1 fmol 1746:1749 315 fmol 1742:1749 315 fmol 1742:1749 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 79 dep a 1711:1711 arg1 % 1756:1756 0.20% 1752:1756 0.20% 1752:1756 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 4 80 theme novel 735:739 arg1 approach 751:758 a novel synthetic approach 733:758 a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 733:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 5 81 theme derivative 1363:1372 arg1 synthesis 1289:1297 the synthesis 1285:1297 the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide 1285:1326 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 81 theme derivative 1363:1372 arg1 precursor 1340:1348 a stable precursor 1331:1348 a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1331:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 0 82 theme Therapeutic 96:106 arg1 Antibody 108:115 Therapeutic Antibody 96:115 Therapeutic Antibody 96:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 5 83 theme locust 1234:1239 arg1 galactomannan 1250:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 7 84 theme antibodies 2029:2038 arg1 activities 1999:2008 the total biological activities 1978:2008 the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies 1978:2038 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 0 85 gly Nonfucosylated 61:74 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 5 86 with trans-glycosylation 1399:1417 arg1 nonapeptide 1427:1437 Fc nonapeptide 1424:1437 Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue 1424:1473 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 4 87 theme decasaccharide 807:820 arg1 compound 854:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 5 88 theme -3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside 1160:1218 arg1 intermediate 1082:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 4 89 theme IgG1 773:776 arg1 peptide 781:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide 763:787 the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 763:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 2 90 theme IgGs 406:409 arg1 modulation 388:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation 353:397 the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs 353:409 However, molecular mechanism in the glycoform-dependent functional modulation of the IgGs remains elusive. 30258536 7 91 theme total 1982:1986 arg1 activities 1999:2008 the total biological activities 1978:2008 the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies 1978:2038 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 3 92 theme -based 498:503 arg1 assay 505:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay 464:509 selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 464:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 92 theme -based 498:503 arg1 approach 558:565 a promising approach 546:565 a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies 546:604 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 1 93 theme antibodies 309:318 arg1 cytotoxicity 275:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity 254:286 complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) 254:292 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 93 theme antibodies 309:318 arg1 CDC 289:291 CDC 289:291 CDC 289:291 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 93 theme antibodies 309:318 arg1 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 ADCC 244:247 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 93 theme antibodies 309:318 arg1 cytotoxicity 230:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity 202:241 antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) 202:248 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 4 94 theme quantitative 1039:1050 arg1 glycoproteomics 1052:1066 the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics 1025:1066 the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics 1025:1066 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 30258536 6 95 theme antibody 1861:1868 arg1 trastuzumab 1881:1891 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab) 1850:1892 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 3 96 theme focused 674:680 arg1 standard 711:718 standard 711:718 standard 711:718 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 96 theme focused 674:680 arg1 N-glycoform 682:692 a focused N-glycoform 672:692 a focused N-glycoform 672:692 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 5 97 theme coupling 1486:1493 arg1 reaction 1495:1502 the coupling reaction 1482:1502 the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q 1482:1535 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 0 98 theme Scarce 54:59 arg1 N-Glycans 83:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans 54:91 Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody 54:115 Synthetic Glycopeptides Allow for the Quantitation of Scarce Nonfucosylated IgG Fc N-Glycans of Therapeutic Antibody. 30258536 5 99 theme gum 1246:1248 arg1 galactomannan 1250:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 100 theme key 1078:1080 arg1 intermediate 1082:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 7 101 theme IgG 1944:1946 arg1 variants 1951:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 5 102 attach derived 1221:1227 arg2 intermediate 1082:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 a key intermediate 1076:1093 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 5 102 attach derived 1221:1227 arg1 galactomannan 1250:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 locust bean gum galactomannan 1234:1262 Use of a key intermediate, phenyl (2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidine-β-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1 → 4)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranoside, derived from locust bean gum galactomannan, facilitated greatly the synthesis of a bisected nonasaccharide as a stable precursor of oxazoline derivative needed for the enzymatic trans-glycosylation with Fc nonapeptide carrying a GlcNAc at Asn297 residue, while the coupling reaction catalyzed by mutant endo-M-N175Q proceeded very slowly. 30258536 3 103 theme present 432:438 arg1 study 440:444 The present study 428:444 The present study 428:444 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 3 104 theme IgG 522:524 arg1 glycopeptides 529:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides 514:541 The present study communicates that selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based assay of tryptic IgG Fc glycopeptides is a promising approach for the characterization of antibodies when combined with structure-defined synthetic Fc peptides having a focused N-glycoform as a calibration standard. 30258536 7 105 theme Fc 1948:1949 arg1 variants 1951:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants 1920:1958 The results suggest that aberrantly glycosylated IgG Fc variants may contribute to the total biological activities of the therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 6 106 theme Fc 1602:1603 arg1 glycopeptides 1605:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 the synthetic Fc glycopeptides 1588:1617 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 6 106 theme Fc 1602:1603 arg1 standards 1634:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 calibration standards 1622:1642 Strikingly, SRM assay using the synthetic Fc glycopeptides as calibration standards uncovered the occurrence of the targeted IgG1 Fc fragment carrying a nonfucosylated and bisected (315 fmol, 0.20%) and its nonbisected counterpart (1154 fmol, 0.73%) in the tryptic digests from 158 pmol of anticancer antibody Herceptin (trastuzumab). 30258536 1 107 attach attached 126:133 arg2 Glycans 118:124 Glycans 118:124 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain 118:154 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 1 107 attach attached 126:133 arg1 domain 149:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 the IgG Fc domain 138:154 Glycans attached to the IgG Fc domain affect strongly biological activities such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of therapeutic antibodies. 30258536 4 108 theme counterpart 842:852 arg1 compound 854:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound 796:861 We describe a novel synthetic approach to the human IgG1 Fc peptide having a bisected decasaccharide and its nonbisected counterpart compound, the signatures of antibodies involving Fc domain with rare N-glycans expected to show much higher ADCC/CDC than abundant IgG N-glycans, and their application to the SRM-based quantitative glycoproteomics. 31067635 3 0 theme regeneration 316:327 arg1 potential 329:337 the regeneration potential 312:337 the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue 312:598 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 5 1 theme significant 755:765 arg1 differences 767:777 significant differences 755:777 significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05) 755:818 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 1 2 theme regeneration 178:189 arg1 challenge 151:159 the challenge 147:159 the challenge of osteochondral regeneration 147:189 Several biomaterials have recently been developed to address the challenge of osteochondral regeneration. 31067635 6 3 theme rabbit 893:898 arg1 model 900:904 the rabbit model 889:904 the rabbit model 889:904 In the rabbit model, this bone scaffold provided less ability to enhance tissue healing compared with a commercial bone scaffold. 31067635 9 4 theme Further 1276:1282 arg1 studies 1284:1290 Further studies 1276:1290 Further studies 1276:1290 Further studies are needed to explore the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment. 31067635 7 5 theme connective 1091:1100 arg1 tissue 1102:1107 connective tissue 1091:1107 connective tissue 1091:1107 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 3 6 theme magnesium-doped 357:371 arg1 scaffold 421:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 6 theme magnesium-doped 357:371 arg1 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 6 theme magnesium-doped 357:371 arg1 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 6 theme magnesium-doped 357:371 arg1 hydroxyapatite 373:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite 342:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA) 342:393 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 7 theme rabbit 529:534 arg1 model 536:540 a rabbit model 527:540 a rabbit model 527:540 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 2 8 dep chitosan 205:212 arg1 holds 214:218 holds 214:218 holds 214:218 Among these, chitosan holds promises both for cartilage and bone healing. 31067635 3 9 theme hydroxyapatite 373:386 arg1 potential 329:337 the regeneration potential 312:337 the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue 312:598 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 10 dep ascertain 468:476 arg1 evaluate 553:560 evaluate 553:560 to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue 542:598 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 11 theme regenerative 496:507 arg1 potential 509:517 its osteochondral regenerative potential 478:517 its osteochondral regenerative potential 478:517 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 9 12 theme composites 1358:1367 arg1 formulation 1323:1333 the best formulation 1314:1333 the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment 1314:1395 Further studies are needed to explore the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment. 31067635 7 13 with integration 1074:1084 arg1 tissue 1102:1107 connective tissue 1091:1107 connective tissue 1091:1107 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 3 14 theme novel 344:348 arg1 scaffold 421:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 14 theme novel 344:348 arg1 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 14 theme novel 344:348 arg1 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 14 theme novel 344:348 arg1 hydroxyapatite 373:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite 342:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA) 342:393 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 1 15 theme Several 86:92 arg1 biomaterials 94:105 Several biomaterials 86:105 Several biomaterials 86:105 Several biomaterials have recently been developed to address the challenge of osteochondral regeneration. 31067635 5 16 theme cartilage 841:849 arg1 evidence 829:836 no evidence 826:836 no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration 826:883 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 8 17 theme composite 1225:1233 arg1 scaffold 1235:1242 this chitosan composite scaffold 1211:1242 this chitosan composite scaffold 1211:1242 These results raised some concerns about the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold, especially for the bone layer. 31067635 3 18 theme hybrid 350:355 arg1 scaffold 421:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 18 theme hybrid 350:355 arg1 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 MgHA 389:392 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 18 theme hybrid 350:355 arg1 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 collagen 396:403 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 18 theme hybrid 350:355 arg1 hydroxyapatite 373:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite 342:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA) 342:393 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 7 19 theme integration 1074:1084 arg1 absence 1063:1069 absence 1063:1069 absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds 1063:1128 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 7 19 theme integration 1074:1084 arg1 persistence 1026:1036 persistence 1026:1036 persistence of scaffold material 1026:1057 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 7 20 theme material 1050:1057 arg1 absence 1063:1069 absence 1063:1069 absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds 1063:1128 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 7 20 theme material 1050:1057 arg1 persistence 1026:1036 persistence 1026:1036 persistence of scaffold material 1026:1057 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 8 21 theme chitosan 1216:1223 arg1 scaffold 1235:1242 this chitosan composite scaffold 1211:1242 this chitosan composite scaffold 1211:1242 These results raised some concerns about the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold, especially for the bone layer. 31067635 0 22 theme Composite 2:10 arg1 Scaffold 32:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold 0:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold 0:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold Fails to Provide Osteochondral Regeneration. 31067635 4 23 theme immunohistochemical 664:682 arg1 analysis 684:691 immunohistochemical analysis 664:691 immunohistochemical analysis 664:691 Macroscopic, microtomography, histology, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. 31067635 5 24 theme p 810:810 arg1 defects 801:807 untreated defects 791:807 untreated defects (p > 0.05) 791:818 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 5 24 theme p 810:810 arg1 > 812:812 p > 0.05 810:817 p > 0.05 810:817 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 8 25 theme scaffold 1235:1242 arg1 use 1204:1206 the osteochondral use 1186:1206 the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold 1186:1242 These results raised some concerns about the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold, especially for the bone layer. 31067635 9 26 theme best 1318:1321 arg1 formulation 1323:1333 the best formulation 1314:1333 the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment 1314:1395 Further studies are needed to explore the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment. 31067635 7 27 theme scaffold 1041:1048 arg1 material 1050:1057 scaffold material 1041:1057 scaffold material 1041:1057 Moreover, persistence of scaffold material and absence of integration with connective tissue around the scaffolds were observed. 31067635 5 28 theme untreated 791:799 arg1 defects 801:807 untreated defects 791:807 untreated defects (p > 0.05) 791:818 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 5 28 theme untreated 791:799 arg1 > 812:812 p > 0.05 810:817 p > 0.05 810:817 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 3 29 theme sheep 453:457 arg1 model 459:463 a sheep model 451:463 a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue 451:598 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 0 30 theme Chitosan-Reinforced 12:30 arg1 Scaffold 32:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold 0:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold 0:39 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold Fails to Provide Osteochondral Regeneration. 31067635 3 31 theme study 290:294 arg1 aim 270:272 The aim 266:272 The aim of this in vivo study 266:294 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 32 theme chitosan-based 406:419 arg1 hydroxyapatite 373:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite 342:386 a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA) 342:393 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 32 theme chitosan-based 406:419 arg1 scaffold 421:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 chitosan-based scaffold 406:428 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 5 33 theme sheep 716:720 arg1 model 722:726 the sheep model 712:726 the sheep model 712:726 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 5 34 dep cartilage 841:849 arg1 regeneration 872:883 regeneration 872:883 regeneration 872:883 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 8 35 theme bone 1264:1267 arg1 layer 1269:1273 the bone layer 1260:1273 the bone layer 1260:1273 These results raised some concerns about the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold, especially for the bone layer. 31067635 6 36 theme bone 1001:1004 arg1 scaffold 1006:1013 a commercial bone scaffold 988:1013 a commercial bone scaffold 988:1013 In the rabbit model, this bone scaffold provided less ability to enhance tissue healing compared with a commercial bone scaffold. 31067635 9 37 theme chitosan-reinforced 1338:1356 arg1 composites 1358:1367 chitosan-reinforced composites 1338:1367 chitosan-reinforced composites 1338:1367 Further studies are needed to explore the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment. 31067635 3 38 theme in 282:283 arg1 study 290:294 this in vivo study 277:294 this in vivo study 277:294 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 39 theme bone 588:591 arg1 tissue 593:598 bone tissue 588:598 bone tissue 588:598 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 0 40 theme Osteochondral 58:70 arg1 Regeneration 72:83 Osteochondral Regeneration 58:83 Osteochondral Regeneration 58:83 A Composite Chitosan-Reinforced Scaffold Fails to Provide Osteochondral Regeneration. 31067635 6 41 theme bone 912:915 arg1 scaffold 917:924 this bone scaffold 907:924 this bone scaffold 907:924 In the rabbit model, this bone scaffold provided less ability to enhance tissue healing compared with a commercial bone scaffold. 31067635 8 42 theme osteochondral 1190:1202 arg1 use 1204:1206 the osteochondral use 1186:1206 the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold 1186:1242 These results raised some concerns about the osteochondral use of this chitosan composite scaffold, especially for the bone layer. 31067635 3 43 theme osteochondral 482:494 arg1 potential 509:517 its osteochondral regenerative potential 478:517 its osteochondral regenerative potential 478:517 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 9 44 theme osteochondral 1373:1385 arg1 treatment 1387:1395 osteochondral treatment 1373:1395 osteochondral treatment 1373:1395 Further studies are needed to explore the best formulation of chitosan-reinforced composites for osteochondral treatment. 31067635 2 45 theme bone 252:255 arg1 healing 257:263 bone healing 252:263 bone healing 252:263 Among these, chitosan holds promises both for cartilage and bone healing. 31067635 6 46 theme tissue 959:964 arg1 healing 966:972 tissue healing 959:972 tissue healing 959:972 In the rabbit model, this bone scaffold provided less ability to enhance tissue healing compared with a commercial bone scaffold. 31067635 5 47 theme bone 867:870 arg1 evidence 829:836 no evidence 826:836 no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration 826:883 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 6 48 theme commercial 990:999 arg1 scaffold 1006:1013 a commercial bone scaffold 988:1013 a commercial bone scaffold 988:1013 In the rabbit model, this bone scaffold provided less ability to enhance tissue healing compared with a commercial bone scaffold. 31067635 5 49 theme subchondral 855:865 arg1 bone 867:870 subchondral bone 855:870 subchondral bone 855:870 In the sheep model, all analyses did not show significant differences compared to untreated defects (p > 0.05), with no evidence of cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration. 31067635 3 50 dep in 282:283 arg1 vivo 285:288 vivo 285:288 vivo 285:288 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 51 dep model 459:463 arg1 model 536:540 a rabbit model 527:540 a rabbit model 527:540 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 3 51 dep model 459:463 arg1 ascertain 468:476 ascertain 468:476 to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential 465:517 The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the regeneration potential of a novel hybrid magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite (MgHA), collagen, chitosan-based scaffold, which was tested in a sheep model to ascertain its osteochondral regenerative potential, and in a rabbit model to further evaluate its ability to regenerate bone tissue. 31067635 1 52 theme osteochondral 164:176 arg1 regeneration 178:189 osteochondral regeneration 164:189 osteochondral regeneration 164:189 Several biomaterials have recently been developed to address the challenge of osteochondral regeneration. 31067635 4 53 theme Macroscopic 601:611 arg1 microtomography 614:628 microtomography 614:628 microtomography 614:628 Macroscopic, microtomography, histology, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. 29935453 3 0 theme solid 608:612 arg1 loading 614:620 10% solid loading 604:620 10% solid loading for GUR 604:628 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 4 1 theme extraction 738:747 arg1 process 727:733 process 727:733 process of extraction 727:747 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 1 2 theme succinic 157:164 arg1 production 171:180 succinic acid production 157:180 succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition 157:213 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 5 3 from fibers 768:773 arg1 pretreated 778:787 pretreated 778:787 pretreated 778:787 Specifically, the fibers in pretreated GUR were coarse and disordered compared with that of GUR indicated by SEM. 29935453 1 4 theme acid 166:169 arg1 production 171:180 succinic acid production 157:180 succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition 157:213 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 6 5 theme sugar 945:949 arg1 yield 921:925 a higher yield 912:925 a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR 912:965 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 3 6 theme 10 604:605 arg1 % 606:606 % 606:606 % 606:606 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 2 7 contain had 408:410 arg1 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 7 contain had 408:410 arg2 % 445:445 the highest cellulose content, 50% 412:445 % 445:445 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 7 contain had 408:410 arg2 % 453:453 52% 451:453 52% 451:453 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 7 contain had 408:410 arg1 residues 338:345 pretreated residues 327:345 pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) 327:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 7 contain had 408:410 arg1 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 3 8 theme free 495:498 arg1 sugars 500:505 free sugars 495:505 free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) 495:528 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 8 theme free 495:498 arg1 sugar 523:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 9 theme 71.6 g/L 508:515 arg1 sugars 500:505 free sugars 495:505 free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) 495:528 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 9 theme 71.6 g/L 508:515 arg1 sugar 523:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 4 10 theme scanning 637:644 arg1 SEM 667:669 SEM 667:669 SEM 667:669 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 4 10 theme scanning 637:644 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 637:670 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 3 11 theme sugars 500:505 arg1 concentrations 477:490 Higher concentrations 470:490 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) 470:528 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 11 theme sugars 500:505 arg1 yield 552:556 higher hydrolysis yield 534:556 higher hydrolysis yield (92%) 534:562 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 11 theme sugars 500:505 arg1 % 561:561 92% 559:561 92% 559:561 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 2 12 theme Fisch 372:376 arg1 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 12 theme Fisch 372:376 arg1 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 12 theme Fisch 372:376 arg1 residues 338:345 pretreated residues 327:345 pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) 327:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 4 13 theme due 720:722 arg1 structure 710:718 a less compact structure 695:718 a less compact structure due to process of extraction 695:747 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 5 14 dep pretreated 778:787 arg1 GUR 789:791 GUR 789:791 GUR 789:791 Specifically, the fibers in pretreated GUR were coarse and disordered compared with that of GUR indicated by SEM. 29935453 6 15 theme 0.89 g/g 930:937 arg1 sugar 945:949 0.89 g/g total sugar 930:949 0.89 g/g total sugar 930:949 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 0 16 theme herbal 43:48 arg1 hydrolysate 69:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 6 17 theme succinic 880:887 arg1 acid 889:892 65 g/L succinic acid 873:892 65 g/L succinic acid 873:892 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 6 18 theme total 939:943 arg1 sugar 945:949 0.89 g/g total sugar 930:949 0.89 g/g total sugar 930:949 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 2 19 theme Morus 388:392 arg1 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 19 theme Morus 388:392 arg1 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 19 theme Morus 388:392 arg1 residues 338:345 pretreated residues 327:345 pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) 327:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 20 theme highest 416:422 arg1 % 445:445 the highest cellulose content, 50% 412:445 % 445:445 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 3 21 theme total 517:521 arg1 sugars 500:505 free sugars 495:505 free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) 495:528 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 21 theme total 517:521 arg1 sugar 523:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 71.6 g/L total sugar 508:527 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 7 22 theme succinic 1016:1023 arg1 production 1030:1039 succinic acid production 1016:1039 succinic acid production 1016:1039 Our results illustrate the potential of GUR for succinic acid production. 29935453 0 23 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 production 10:19 Efficient production 0:19 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 0:80 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 1 24 theme sugar 267:271 arg1 release 273:279 sugar release 267:279 sugar release 267:279 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 6 25 theme higher 914:919 arg1 yield 921:925 a higher yield 912:925 a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR 912:965 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 0 26 theme succinic 24:31 arg1 acid 33:36 succinic acid 24:36 succinic acid 24:36 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 1 27 theme chemical 194:201 arg1 composition 203:213 chemical composition 194:213 chemical composition 194:213 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 6 28 theme 65 g/L 873:878 arg1 acid 889:892 65 g/L succinic acid 873:892 65 g/L succinic acid 873:892 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 2 29 theme Chemical 294:301 arg1 composition 303:313 Chemical composition 294:313 Chemical composition 294:313 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 1 30 theme composition 203:213 arg1 terms 185:189 terms 185:189 terms of chemical composition 185:213 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 1 31 dep pretreatment 244:255 arg1 performance 281:291 performance 281:291 performance 281:291 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 3 32 theme higher 534:539 arg1 yield 552:556 higher hydrolysis yield 534:556 higher hydrolysis yield (92%) 534:562 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 32 theme higher 534:539 arg1 % 561:561 92% 559:561 92% 559:561 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 0 33 theme acid 33:36 arg1 production 10:19 Efficient production 0:19 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 0:80 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 0 34 from hydrolysate 69:79 arg1 production 10:19 Efficient production 0:19 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 0:80 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 3 35 theme hydrolysis 541:550 arg1 yield 552:556 higher hydrolysis yield 534:556 higher hydrolysis yield (92%) 534:562 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 3 35 theme hydrolysis 541:550 arg1 % 561:561 92% 559:561 92% 559:561 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 0 36 theme extraction 50:59 arg1 hydrolysate 69:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 0 37 theme residue 61:67 arg1 hydrolysate 69:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 herbal extraction residue hydrolysate 43:79 Efficient production of succinic acid from herbal extraction residue hydrolysate. 29935453 4 38 theme compact 702:708 arg1 structure 710:718 a less compact structure 695:718 a less compact structure due to process of extraction 695:747 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 1 39 theme different 101:109 arg1 residues 129:136 six different herbal-extraction residues 97:136 six different herbal-extraction residues 97:136 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 2 40 theme cellulose 424:432 arg1 % 445:445 the highest cellulose content, 50% 412:445 % 445:445 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 3 41 theme FPU/g 592:596 arg1 DM 598:599 40 FPU/g DM 589:599 40 FPU/g DM 589:599 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 1 42 theme herbal-extraction 111:127 arg1 residues 129:136 six different herbal-extraction residues 97:136 six different herbal-extraction residues 97:136 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 7 43 theme GUR 1008:1010 arg1 potential 995:1003 the potential 991:1003 the potential of GUR for succinic acid production 991:1039 Our results illustrate the potential of GUR for succinic acid production. 29935453 4 44 theme electron 646:653 arg1 SEM 667:669 SEM 667:669 SEM 667:669 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 4 44 theme electron 646:653 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 637:670 Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), GUR was found to show a less compact structure due to process of extraction. 29935453 2 45 theme pretreated 327:336 arg1 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Morus 388:392 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 45 theme pretreated 327:336 arg1 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Fisch 372:376 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 45 theme pretreated 327:336 arg1 residues 338:345 pretreated residues 327:345 pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) 327:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 1 46 theme dilute 232:237 arg1 DAP 258:260 DAP 258:260 DAP 258:260 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 1 46 theme dilute 232:237 arg1 pretreatment 244:255 dilute acid pretreatment 232:255 dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) 232:261 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 3 47 theme 40 589:590 arg1 FPU/g 592:596 FPU/g 592:596 FPU/g 592:596 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 6 48 theme 0.49 g/g 954:961 arg1 yield 921:925 a higher yield 912:925 a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR 912:965 Finally, 65 g/L succinic acid was produced with a higher yield of 0.89 g/g total sugar or 0.49 g/g GUR. 29935453 1 49 theme acid 239:242 arg1 DAP 258:260 DAP 258:260 DAP 258:260 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 1 49 theme acid 239:242 arg1 pretreatment 244:255 dilute acid pretreatment 232:255 dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) 232:261 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 2 50 theme content 434:440 arg1 % 445:445 the highest cellulose content, 50% 412:445 % 445:445 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 3 51 theme % 606:606 arg1 loading 614:620 10% solid loading 604:620 10% solid loading for GUR 604:628 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 2 52 dep Morus 388:392 arg1 alba 394:397 Morus alba 388:397 Morus alba L. (MAR) 388:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 2 52 dep Morus 388:392 arg1 L 399:399 L 399:399 Morus alba L. (MAR) 388:406 Chemical composition showed that pretreated residues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUR) and Morus alba L. (MAR) had the highest cellulose content, 50% and 52%, respectively. 29935453 1 53 from production 171:180 arg1 terms 185:189 terms 185:189 terms of chemical composition 185:213 In this study, six different herbal-extraction residues were evaluated for succinic acid production in terms of chemical composition before and after dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) and sugar release performance. 29935453 3 54 theme Higher 470:475 arg1 concentrations 477:490 Higher concentrations 470:490 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) 470:528 Higher concentrations of free sugars (71.6 g/L total sugar) and higher hydrolysis yield (92%) were both obtained under 40 FPU/g DM at 10% solid loading for GUR. 29935453 7 55 theme acid 1025:1028 arg1 production 1030:1039 succinic acid production 1016:1039 succinic acid production 1016:1039 Our results illustrate the potential of GUR for succinic acid production. 30542691 2 0 theme molybdenum 469:478 arg1 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 0 theme molybdenum 469:478 arg1 composite 497:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite 469:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) 469:520 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 3 1 theme TB 715:716 arg1 loading 704:710 the loading 700:710 the loading of TB 700:716 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 5 2 from mL-1 1104:1107 arg1 range 1079:1083 a wide linear range 1065:1083 a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1065:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 3 theme fast 1268:1271 arg1 detection 1286:1294 fast and accurate detection 1268:1294 fast and accurate detection of LPS 1268:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 3 4 theme surface 666:672 arg1 area 674:677 large specific surface area 651:677 large specific surface area 651:677 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 6 5 contain has 1425:1427 arg2 application 1439:1449 promising application 1429:1449 promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection 1429:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 6 5 contain has 1425:1427 arg1 method 1418:1423 this method 1413:1423 this method 1413:1423 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 3 6 from TB 756:757 arg1 transfer 742:749 electron transfer 733:749 electron transfer from TB to an electrode 733:773 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 6 7 from field 1458:1462 arg1 detection 1501:1509 clinical detection 1492:1509 clinical detection 1492:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 0 8 theme disulfide 102:110 arg1 nanocarrier 131:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 8 theme disulfide 102:110 arg1 graphene 78:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 8 theme disulfide 102:110 arg1 composite 112:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 5 9 theme × 1094:1094 arg1 mL-1 1104:1107 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1090:1107 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1090:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 10 theme blue 571:574 arg1 toluidine 561:569 electroactive toluidine blue 547:574 electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 547:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 10 theme blue 571:574 arg1 TB 577:578 TB 577:578 TB 577:578 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 1 11 theme multiple 245:252 arg1 failure 260:266 multiple organ failure 245:266 multiple organ failure in severe cases 245:282 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 0 12 theme molybdenum 91:100 arg1 nanocarrier 131:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 12 theme molybdenum 91:100 arg1 graphene 78:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 12 theme molybdenum 91:100 arg1 composite 112:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 4 13 theme thiolated 838:846 arg1 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 13 theme thiolated 838:846 arg1 aptamer 860:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer 836:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA) 836:872 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 1 14 theme organ 254:258 arg1 failure 260:266 multiple organ failure 245:266 multiple organ failure in severe cases 245:282 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 6 15 from LPS 1375:1377 arg1 samples 1388:1394 serum samples 1382:1394 serum samples 1382:1394 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 5 16 theme low 1137:1139 arg1 limit 1141:1145 a low limit 1135:1145 a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1135:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 6 17 from application 1439:1449 arg1 field 1458:1462 the field 1454:1462 the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection 1454:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 6 18 theme promising 1429:1437 arg1 application 1439:1449 promising application 1429:1449 promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection 1429:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 2 19 theme MoS2 491:494 arg1 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 19 theme MoS2 491:494 arg1 composite 497:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite 469:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) 469:520 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 20 theme wide 1067:1070 arg1 range 1079:1083 a wide linear range 1065:1083 a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1065:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 4 21 theme LPS 848:850 arg1 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 21 theme LPS 848:850 arg1 aptamer 860:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer 836:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA) 836:872 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 6 22 theme excellent 1327:1335 arg1 recovery 1337:1344 excellent recovery 1327:1344 excellent recovery 1327:1344 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 5 23 theme traditional 1225:1235 arg1 methods 1247:1253 traditional detection methods 1225:1253 traditional detection methods 1225:1253 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 24 theme LPS 385:387 arg1 determination 368:380 highly sensitive determination 351:380 highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 351:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 25 theme graphene 444:451 arg1 rGO 460:462 rGO 460:462 rGO 460:462 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 25 theme graphene 444:451 arg1 oxide 453:457 reduced graphene oxide 436:457 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 436:463 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 26 theme linear 1072:1077 arg1 range 1079:1083 a wide linear range 1065:1083 a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1065:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 1 27 from failure 260:266 arg1 cases 278:282 severe cases 271:282 severe cases 271:282 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 5 28 theme detection 1237:1245 arg1 methods 1247:1253 traditional detection methods 1225:1253 traditional detection methods 1225:1253 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 29 theme reduced 436:442 arg1 rGO 460:462 rGO 460:462 rGO 460:462 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 29 theme reduced 436:442 arg1 oxide 453:457 reduced graphene oxide 436:457 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 436:463 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 6 30 theme clinical 1492:1499 arg1 detection 1501:1509 clinical detection 1492:1509 clinical detection 1492:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 5 31 theme proposed 999:1006 arg1 aptasensor 1008:1017 The proposed aptasensor 995:1017 The proposed aptasensor 995:1017 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 3 32 with nanocomposite 599:611 arg1 area 674:677 large specific surface area 651:677 large specific surface area 651:677 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 3 32 with nanocomposite 599:611 arg1 conductivity 634:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 0 33 theme voltammetric 17:28 arg1 biosensor 30:38 voltammetric biosensor 17:38 voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins 17:53 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 3 34 theme electron 733:740 arg1 transfer 742:749 electron transfer 733:749 electron transfer from TB to an electrode 733:773 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 0 35 theme new 127:129 arg1 nanocarrier 131:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 35 theme new 127:129 arg1 graphene 78:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 35 theme new 127:129 arg1 composite 112:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 1 36 theme severe 271:276 arg1 cases 278:282 severe cases 271:282 severe cases 271:282 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 6 37 theme analysis 1473:1480 arg1 field 1458:1462 the field 1454:1462 the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection 1454:1509 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 3 38 theme high 618:621 arg1 conductivity 634:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 5 39 theme LPS 1299:1301 arg1 detection 1286:1294 fast and accurate detection 1268:1294 fast and accurate detection of LPS 1268:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 40 theme ng 1122:1123 arg1 mL-1 1125:1128 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 1112:1128 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1112:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 3 41 theme electrical 623:632 arg1 conductivity 634:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 high electrical conductivity 618:645 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 4 42 used utilized 813:820 arg2 AuNPs 801:805 AuNPs 801:805 AuNPs 801:805 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 42 used utilized 813:820 arg2 nanoparticles 786:798 Then gold nanoparticles 776:798 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) 776:806 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 43 theme gold 781:784 arg1 nanoparticles 786:798 Then gold nanoparticles 776:798 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) 776:806 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 43 theme gold 781:784 arg1 AuNPs 801:805 AuNPs 801:805 AuNPs 801:805 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 6 44 theme LPS 1485:1487 arg1 analysis 1473:1480 trace analysis 1467:1480 trace analysis of LPS 1467:1487 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 4 45 theme excellent 900:908 arg1 biocompatibility 910:925 excellent biocompatibility 900:925 excellent biocompatibility 900:925 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 5 46 theme 10-5 1096:1099 arg1 ng 1101:1102 ng 1101:1102 ng 1101:1102 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 47 theme electroactive 547:559 arg1 toluidine 561:569 electroactive toluidine blue 547:574 electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 547:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 47 theme electroactive 547:559 arg1 TB 577:578 TB 577:578 TB 577:578 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 48 theme × 1116:1116 arg1 mL-1 1125:1128 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 1112:1128 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1112:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 49 theme accurate 1277:1284 arg1 detection 1286:1294 fast and accurate detection 1268:1294 fast and accurate detection of LPS 1268:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 50 theme voltammetric 323:334 arg1 aptasensor 336:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor 303:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 303:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 4 51 theme electrochemical 965:979 arg1 signal 981:986 the electrochemical signal 961:986 the electrochemical signal of TB 961:992 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 52 theme binding 852:858 arg1 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 LBA 869:871 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 4 52 theme binding 852:858 arg1 aptamer 860:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer 836:866 a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA) 836:872 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 3 53 theme large 651:655 arg1 area 674:677 large specific surface area 651:677 large specific surface area 651:677 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 5 54 with mL-1 1125:1128 arg1 limit 1141:1145 a low limit 1135:1145 a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1135:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 55 theme label-free 312:321 arg1 aptasensor 336:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor 303:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 303:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 56 theme × 1174:1174 arg1 mL-1 1184:1187 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1169:1187 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1169:1187 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 3 57 theme specific 657:664 arg1 area 674:677 large specific surface area 651:677 large specific surface area 651:677 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 6 58 theme serum 1382:1386 arg1 samples 1388:1394 serum samples 1382:1394 serum samples 1382:1394 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 6 59 theme trace 1467:1471 arg1 analysis 1473:1480 trace analysis 1467:1480 trace analysis of LPS 1467:1487 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 2 60 theme simple 305:310 arg1 aptasensor 336:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor 303:345 a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 303:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 61 theme 10-5 1176:1179 arg1 ng 1181:1182 ng 1181:1182 ng 1181:1182 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 1 62 theme strong 204:209 arg1 response 224:231 a strong inflammatory response 202:231 a strong inflammatory response 202:231 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 2 63 theme new 527:529 arg1 nanocarrier 531:541 a new nanocarrier 525:541 a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 525:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 63 theme new 527:529 arg1 polyethyleneimine 397:413 a polyethyleneimine 395:413 a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) 395:520 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 3 64 theme PEI-rGO-MoS2 586:597 arg1 nanocomposite 599:611 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite 582:611 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area 582:677 The PEI-rGO-MoS2 nanocomposite with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area can greatly increase the loading of TB and facilitate electron transfer from TB to an electrode. 30542691 5 65 theme methods 1247:1253 arg1 shortcomings 1209:1220 the shortcomings 1205:1220 the shortcomings of traditional detection methods 1205:1253 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 66 theme ng 1181:1182 arg1 mL-1 1184:1187 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1169:1187 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1169:1187 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 1 67 theme inflammatory 211:222 arg1 response 224:231 a strong inflammatory response 202:231 a strong inflammatory response 202:231 Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), known as endotoxins, can cause a strong inflammatory response and lead to multiple organ failure in severe cases. 30542691 0 68 theme functionalized 63:76 arg1 graphene 78:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 a functionalized graphene 61:85 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 68 theme functionalized 63:76 arg1 nanocarrier 131:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 a new nanocarrier 125:141 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 0 68 theme functionalized 63:76 arg1 composite 112:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 molybdenum disulfide composite 91:120 An aptamer based voltammetric biosensor for endotoxins using a functionalized graphene and molybdenum disulfide composite as a new nanocarrier. 30542691 5 69 theme high 1029:1032 arg1 sensitivity 1034:1044 high sensitivity 1029:1044 high sensitivity for LPS 1029:1052 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 70 theme sensitive 358:366 arg1 determination 368:380 highly sensitive determination 351:380 highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB) 351:579 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 5 71 theme mL-1 1184:1187 arg1 LOD 1161:1163 LOD 1161:1163 LOD 1161:1163 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 71 theme mL-1 1184:1187 arg1 detection 1150:1158 detection 1150:1158 detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1150:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 5 72 theme detection 1150:1158 arg1 limit 1141:1145 a low limit 1135:1145 a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1135:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30542691 2 73 theme disulfide 480:488 arg1 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 PEI-rGO-MoS2 508:519 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 2 73 theme disulfide 480:488 arg1 composite 497:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite 469:505 molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) 469:520 This work reports a simple label-free voltammetric aptasensor for highly sensitive determination of LPS using a polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite (PEI-rGO-MoS2) as a new nanocarrier for electroactive toluidine blue (TB). 30542691 4 74 theme TB 991:992 arg1 signal 981:986 the electrochemical signal 961:986 the electrochemical signal of TB 961:992 Then gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized to immobilize a thiolated LPS binding aptamer (LBA), which not only exhibited excellent biocompatibility, but also significantly amplified the electrochemical signal of TB. 30542691 6 75 theme spiking 1367:1373 arg1 LPS 1375:1377 spiking LPS 1367:1377 spiking LPS in serum samples 1367:1394 Moreover, it exhibited excellent recovery and specificity upon spiking LPS in serum samples, indicating that this method has promising application in the field of trace analysis of LPS in clinical detection. 30542691 5 76 theme ng 1101:1102 arg1 mL-1 1104:1107 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 1090:1107 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS 1090:1301 The proposed aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity for LPS and showed a wide linear range from 5.0 × 10-5 ng mL-1 to 2.0 × 102 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.01 × 10-5 ng mL-1, which overcame the shortcomings of traditional detection methods and achieved fast and accurate detection of LPS. 30215335 4 0 theme hard 681:684 arg1 capsules 694:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 1 1 theme melatonin 167:175 arg1 release 156:162 the modified release 143:162 the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, 143:265 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 1 2 theme DRcapsTM 248:255 arg1 capsules 257:264 DRcapsTM capsules 248:264 DRcapsTM capsules 248:264 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 0 3 theme Hormone 104:110 arg1 Melatonin 112:120 the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 87:120 the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 87:120 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 30215335 0 4 theme Chronobiotic 91:102 arg1 Melatonin 112:120 the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 87:120 the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 87:120 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 30215335 7 5 theme DRcapsTM 1015:1022 arg1 capsules 1024:1031 DRcapsTM capsules 1015:1031 DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers 1015:1069 In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h. 30215335 7 6 theme MLT-loaded 1049:1058 arg1 nanofibers 1060:1069 the MLT-loaded nanofibers 1045:1069 the MLT-loaded nanofibers 1045:1069 In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h. 30215335 6 7 theme composite 839:847 arg1 formulations 849:860 These two composite formulations 829:860 These two composite formulations 829:860 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 3 8 theme modified 477:484 arg1 profile 494:500 The in vitro modified release profile 464:500 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids 464:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 5 9 theme CAPV2 822:826 arg1 exception 799:807 the exception 795:807 the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2 795:826 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 5 10 theme CAPV1 812:816 arg1 exception 799:807 the exception 795:807 the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2 795:826 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 0 11 theme Melatonin 112:120 arg1 Release 76:82 the Modified Release 63:82 the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 63:120 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 30215335 1 12 used used 272:275 arg2 OBJECTIVE 123:131 OBJECTIVE 123:131 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, 123:265 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 1 12 used used 272:275 arg2 formulants 280:289 formulants 280:289 formulants 280:289 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 5 13 theme same 755:758 arg1 general 742:748 general 742:748 general 742:748 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 5 13 theme same 755:758 arg1 trend 760:764 the same trend 751:764 the same trend 751:764 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 3 14 theme gastrointestinal-like 541:561 arg1 fluids 563:568 gastrointestinal-like fluids 541:568 gastrointestinal-like fluids 541:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 7 15 from capsules 1024:1031 arg1 release 995:1001 the release 991:1001 the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers 991:1069 In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h. 30215335 3 16 from profile 494:500 arg1 fluids 563:568 gastrointestinal-like fluids 541:568 gastrointestinal-like fluids 541:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 4 17 theme composite 643:651 arg1 formulations 653:664 the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 639:676 the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 639:676 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 6 18 theme slower 913:918 arg1 pace 920:923 a slower pace 911:923 a slower pace (6 h) 911:929 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 6 18 theme slower 913:918 arg1 h 928:928 6 h 926:928 6 h 926:928 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 5 19 located observed 770:777 arg1 pH 782:783 pH 6.8 782:787 pH 6.8 782:787 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 5 19 located observed 770:777 arg2 RESULTS 731:737 RESULTS 731:737 RESULTS In general, the same trend 731:764 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 2 20 theme Cellulose 300:308 arg1 METHODS 292:298 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 20 theme Cellulose 300:308 arg1 acetate 310:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 4 21 theme MLT 718:720 arg1 release 722:728 fast MLT release 713:728 fast MLT release 713:728 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 3 22 from matrices 529:536 arg1 profile 494:500 The in vitro modified release profile 464:500 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids 464:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 7 23 theme MLT 1006:1008 arg1 release 995:1001 the release 991:1001 the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers 991:1069 In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h. 30215335 2 24 theme fiber 424:428 arg1 matrices 430:437 the fiber matrices 420:437 the fiber matrices 420:437 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 25 theme matrices 430:437 arg1 preparation 405:415 the preparation 401:415 the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning 401:461 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 PV1 621:623 PV1 621:623 PV1 621:623 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 formulations 598:609 the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 594:676 the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules 594:701 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 HP1 626:628 HP1 626:628 HP1 626:628 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 formulations 653:664 the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 639:676 the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 639:676 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 CA1 611:613 CA1 611:613 CA1 611:613 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 CA2 616:618 CA2 616:618 CA2 616:618 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 4 26 dep formulations 598:609 arg1 HP2 631:633 HP2 631:633 HP2 631:633 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 1 27 theme loaded 200:205 arg1 nanofibers 207:216 electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers 184:216 electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers 184:216 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 1 27 theme loaded 200:205 arg1 melatonin 167:175 melatonin 167:175 melatonin (MLT) 167:181 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 0 28 theme Nanofibers 48:57 arg1 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 30215335 0 28 theme Nanofibers 48:57 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 30215335 4 29 theme gelatin 686:692 arg1 capsules 694:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 5 30 from RESULTS 731:737 arg1 general 742:748 general 742:748 general 742:748 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 5 30 from RESULTS 731:737 arg1 trend 760:764 the same trend 751:764 the same trend 751:764 RESULTS In general, the same trend was observed at pH 6.8, with the exception of CAPV1 and CAPV2. 30215335 8 31 theme nanofibrous 1145:1155 arg1 mats 1157:1160 the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats 1130:1160 the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study 1130:1184 CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions. 30215335 7 32 theme other 978:982 arg1 cases 984:988 all other cases 974:988 all other cases 974:988 In all other cases, the release of MLT from DRcapsTM capsules filled with the MLT-loaded nanofibers reached 100% at 6h. 30215335 6 33 theme DRcapsTM 952:959 arg1 capsules 961:968 DRcapsTM capsules 952:968 DRcapsTM capsules 952:968 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 8 34 theme promising 1196:1204 arg1 profile 1206:1212 a promising profile 1194:1212 a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions 1194:1244 CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions. 30215335 4 35 from formulations 598:609 arg1 capsules 694:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 hard gelatin capsules 681:701 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 2 36 dep METHODS 292:298 arg1 HPMC 376:379 HPMC 2910 376:384 HPMC 2910 376:384 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 36 dep METHODS 292:298 arg1 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose 346:373 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose 346:373 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 346:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 36 dep METHODS 292:298 arg1 METHODS 292:298 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 36 dep METHODS 292:298 arg1 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 36 dep METHODS 292:298 arg1 acetate 310:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 6 37 theme % 888:888 arg1 MLT 890:892 75.25% MLT 883:892 75.25% MLT 883:892 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 8 38 dep CONCLUSION 1091:1100 arg1 suggest 1117:1123 suggest 1117:1123 suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions 1117:1244 CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions. 30215335 2 39 used used 392:395 arg2 acetate 310:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 Cellulose acetate 300:316 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 39 used used 392:395 arg2 METHODS 292:298 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 292:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 39 used used 392:395 arg2 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose 346:373 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose 346:373 hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) 346:385 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 2 39 used used 392:395 arg2 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 polyvinylpyrrolidinone 319:340 METHODS Cellulose acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidinone and hydroxypropylmethylcellusose (HPMC 2910) were used for the preparation of the fiber matrices through electrospinning. 30215335 3 40 theme MLT 505:507 arg1 profile 494:500 The in vitro modified release profile 464:500 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids 464:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 6 41 theme 75.25 883:887 arg1 % 888:888 % 888:888 % 888:888 These two composite formulations delivered 52.08% and 75.25% MLT, respectively at a slower pace (6 h) when encapsulated in DRcapsTM capsules. 30215335 1 42 theme modified 147:154 arg1 release 156:162 the modified release 143:162 the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, 143:265 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 3 43 theme release 486:492 arg1 profile 494:500 The in vitro modified release profile 464:500 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids 464:568 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 4 44 dep formulations 653:664 arg1 CAPV1-CAPV5 666:676 CAPV1-CAPV5 666:676 CAPV1-CAPV5 666:676 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 8 45 theme sleep 1227:1231 arg1 dysfunctions 1233:1244 sleep dysfunctions 1227:1244 sleep dysfunctions 1227:1244 CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions. 30215335 4 46 theme fast 713:716 arg1 release 722:728 fast MLT release 713:728 fast MLT release 713:728 At pH 1.2, the formulations CA1, CA2, PV1, HP1, HP2 and the composite formulations CAPV1-CAPV5 in hard gelatin capsules exhibited fast MLT release. 30215335 1 47 theme electrospun-MLT 184:198 arg1 nanofibers 207:216 electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers 184:216 electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers 184:216 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 1 47 theme electrospun-MLT 184:198 arg1 melatonin 167:175 melatonin 167:175 melatonin (MLT) 167:181 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 3 48 theme fabricated 518:527 arg1 matrices 529:536 the fabricated matrices 514:536 the fabricated matrices 514:536 The in vitro modified release profile of MLT from the fabricated matrices in gastrointestinal-like fluids was studied. 30215335 8 49 theme MLT-loaded 1134:1143 arg1 mats 1157:1160 the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats 1130:1160 the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study 1130:1184 CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the MLT-loaded nanofibrous mats developed in this study exhibit a promising profile for treating sleep dysfunctions. 30215335 1 50 theme hard 231:234 arg1 gelatin 236:242 hard gelatin 231:242 hard gelatin 231:242 OBJECTIVE Aiming at the modified release of melatonin (MLT), electrospun-MLT loaded nanofibers, filled into hard gelatin and DRcapsTM capsules, were used as formulants. 30215335 0 51 theme Modified 67:74 arg1 Release 76:82 the Modified Release 63:82 the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin 63:120 Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers for the Modified Release of the Chronobiotic Hormone Melatonin. 31776248 5 0 theme gene 795:798 arg1 repertoires 800:810 gene repertoires 795:810 gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion 795:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 9 1 theme genomic 1444:1450 arg1 data 1452:1455 genomic data 1444:1455 genomic data 1444:1455 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 1 2 theme amino 137:141 arg1 acids 143:147 amino acids 137:147 amino acids 137:147 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 10 3 dep clusters 1487:1494 arg1 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 3 dep clusters 1487:1494 arg1 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 3 dep clusters 1487:1494 arg1 clusters 1487:1494 clusters 1487:1494 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 4 4 theme honey 585:589 arg1 bee 591:593 the honey bee gut microbiota 581:608 the honey bee gut microbiota 581:608 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 0 5 theme polysaccharide 56:69 arg1 digestion 71:79 plant polysaccharide digestion 50:79 plant polysaccharide digestion 50:79 Division of labor in honey bee gut microbiota for plant polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 5 6 from diversity 782:790 arg1 repertoires 800:810 gene repertoires 795:810 gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion 795:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 6 7 theme honey 861:865 arg1 bees 867:870 honey bees 861:870 honey bees 861:870 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 6 8 from bees 921:924 arg1 strains 901:907 strains 901:907 strains from bumble bees 901:924 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 0 9 from Division 0:7 arg1 bee 27:29 honey bee 21:29 honey bee 21:29 Division of labor in honey bee gut microbiota for plant polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 8 10 theme Carbohydrate-active 1093:1111 arg1 expressions 1134:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions are up-regulated in response to particular hemicelluloses both in vitro and in vivo. 31776248 10 11 dep Snodgrassella 1497:1509 arg1 clusters 1531:1538 clusters 1531:1538 clusters 1531:1538 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 4 12 theme gut 595:597 arg1 microbiota 599:608 gut microbiota 595:608 the honey bee gut microbiota 581:608 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 11 13 theme metabolic 1692:1700 arg1 capabilities 1702:1713 the metabolic capabilities 1688:1713 the metabolic capabilities 1688:1713 Together, these findings indicate that strain composition within individual hosts determines the metabolic capabilities and potentially affects host nutrition. 31776248 4 14 theme pectin 709:714 arg1 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 14 theme pectin 709:714 arg1 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 14 theme pectin 709:714 arg1 degraders 678:686 the principal degraders 664:686 the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin 664:714 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 15 theme bee 591:593 arg1 metagenome 567:576 a metagenome 565:576 a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota 565:608 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 15 theme bee 591:593 arg1 analysis 523:530 analysis 523:530 analysis of bacterial isolate genomes 523:559 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 5 16 theme extensive 759:767 arg1 diversity 782:790 extensive strain-level diversity 759:790 extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion 759:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 8 17 theme gene 1129:1132 arg1 expressions 1134:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions are up-regulated in response to particular hemicelluloses both in vitro and in vivo. 31776248 11 18 theme strain 1634:1639 arg1 composition 1641:1651 strain composition 1634:1651 strain composition within individual hosts 1634:1675 Together, these findings indicate that strain composition within individual hosts determines the metabolic capabilities and potentially affects host nutrition. 31776248 2 19 theme energy 262:267 arg1 sources 269:275 These potential energy sources 246:275 These potential energy sources 246:275 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 2 20 theme available 384:392 arg1 acids 378:382 short chain fatty acids 360:382 short chain fatty acids available to hosts 360:401 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 5 21 theme strain-level 769:780 arg1 diversity 782:790 extensive strain-level diversity 759:790 extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion 759:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 8 22 theme enzyme-encoding 1113:1127 arg1 expressions 1134:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions 1093:1144 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions are up-regulated in response to particular hemicelluloses both in vitro and in vivo. 31776248 9 23 theme gut 1338:1340 arg1 profiles 1354:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 2 24 theme potential 252:260 arg1 sources 269:275 These potential energy sources 246:275 These potential energy sources 246:275 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 10 25 dep species 1479:1485 arg1 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 Snodgrassella 1497:1509 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 25 dep species 1479:1485 arg1 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 Lactobacillus 1517:1529 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 25 dep species 1479:1485 arg1 clusters 1487:1494 clusters 1487:1494 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 6 26 theme bumble 914:919 arg1 bees 921:924 bumble bees 914:924 bumble bees 914:924 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 9 27 from data 1452:1455 arg1 predictions 1427:1437 predictions 1427:1437 predictions from genomic data 1427:1455 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 1 28 from lipids 125:130 arg1 acids 143:147 amino acids 137:147 amino acids 137:147 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 28 from lipids 125:130 arg1 carbohydrates 95:107 carbohydrates 95:107 carbohydrates from nectar and lipids 95:130 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 2 29 theme fatty 372:376 arg1 acids 378:382 short chain fatty acids 360:382 short chain fatty acids available to hosts 360:401 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 7 30 theme carbohydrate-active 962:980 arg1 enzymes 982:988 carbohydrate-active enzymes 962:988 carbohydrate-active enzymes 962:988 In Bifidobacterium, genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes are colocated within loci devoted to polysaccharide utilization, as in Bacteroides from the human gut. 31776248 5 31 attach linked 812:817 arg2 repertoires 800:810 gene repertoires 795:810 gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion 795:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 5 31 attach linked 812:817 arg1 digestion 837:845 polysaccharide digestion 822:845 polysaccharide digestion 822:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 12 32 theme niche 1772:1776 arg1 specialization 1778:1791 the niche specialization 1768:1791 the niche specialization revealed by our study 1768:1813 Furthermore, the niche specialization revealed by our study may promote overall community stability in the gut microbiomes of bees. 31776248 2 33 theme chain 366:370 arg1 acids 378:382 short chain fatty acids 360:382 short chain fatty acids available to hosts 360:401 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 8 34 dep hemicelluloses 1189:1202 arg1 response 1166:1173 response 1166:1173 response 1166:1173 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions are up-regulated in response to particular hemicelluloses both in vitro and in vivo. 31776248 1 35 from nectar 114:119 arg1 acids 143:147 amino acids 137:147 amino acids 137:147 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 35 from nectar 114:119 arg1 carbohydrates 95:107 carbohydrates 95:107 carbohydrates from nectar and lipids 95:130 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 11 36 theme individual 1660:1669 arg1 hosts 1671:1675 individual hosts 1660:1675 individual hosts 1660:1675 Together, these findings indicate that strain composition within individual hosts determines the metabolic capabilities and potentially affects host nutrition. 31776248 3 37 theme members 456:462 arg1 contributions 417:429 the contributions 413:429 the contributions of individual microbiota members to polysaccharide digestion 413:490 However, the contributions of individual microbiota members to polysaccharide digestion have remained unclear. 31776248 0 38 theme labor 12:16 arg1 Division 0:7 Division 0:7 Division of labor in honey bee 0:29 Division of labor in honey bee gut microbiota for plant polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 9 39 theme distinctive 1326:1336 arg1 profiles 1354:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 7 40 dep as 1055:1056 arg1 Bacteroides 1061:1071 Bacteroides 1061:1071 Bacteroides 1061:1071 In Bifidobacterium, genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes are colocated within loci devoted to polysaccharide utilization, as in Bacteroides from the human gut. 31776248 4 41 theme hemicellulose 691:703 arg1 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 41 theme hemicellulose 691:703 arg1 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 41 theme hemicellulose 691:703 arg1 degraders 678:686 the principal degraders 664:686 the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin 664:714 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 42 dep bee 591:593 arg1 microbiota 599:608 gut microbiota 595:608 the honey bee gut microbiota 581:608 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 43 theme principal 668:676 arg1 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Gilliamella 648:658 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 43 theme principal 668:676 arg1 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Bifidobacterium 628:642 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 43 theme principal 668:676 arg1 degraders 678:686 the principal degraders 664:686 the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin 664:714 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 3 44 theme individual 434:443 arg1 members 456:462 individual microbiota members 434:462 individual microbiota members 434:462 However, the contributions of individual microbiota members to polysaccharide digestion have remained unclear. 31776248 0 45 theme honey 21:25 arg1 bee 27:29 honey bee 21:29 honey bee 21:29 Division of labor in honey bee gut microbiota for plant polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 4 46 theme bacterial 535:543 arg1 genomes 553:559 bacterial isolate genomes 535:559 bacterial isolate genomes 535:559 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 6 47 from bees 867:870 arg1 Strains 848:854 Strains 848:854 Strains from honey bees 848:870 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 9 48 theme metabolomic 1342:1352 arg1 profiles 1354:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 distinctive gut metabolomic profiles 1326:1361 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 10 49 theme other 1462:1466 arg1 species 1479:1485 The other 3 core gut species 1458:1485 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 3 50 theme microbiota 445:454 arg1 members 456:462 individual microbiota members 434:462 individual microbiota members 434:462 However, the contributions of individual microbiota members to polysaccharide digestion have remained unclear. 31776248 5 51 theme polysaccharide 822:835 arg1 digestion 837:845 polysaccharide digestion 822:845 polysaccharide digestion 822:845 Both Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella show extensive strain-level diversity in gene repertoires linked to polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 11 52 theme host 1739:1742 arg1 nutrition 1744:1752 host nutrition 1739:1752 host nutrition 1739:1752 Together, these findings indicate that strain composition within individual hosts determines the metabolic capabilities and potentially affects host nutrition. 31776248 4 53 theme genomes 553:559 arg1 metagenome 567:576 a metagenome 565:576 a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota 565:608 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 4 53 theme genomes 553:559 arg1 analysis 523:530 analysis 523:530 analysis of bacterial isolate genomes 523:559 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 8 54 theme particular 1178:1187 arg1 hemicelluloses 1189:1202 particular hemicelluloses 1178:1202 particular hemicelluloses 1178:1202 Carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding gene expressions are up-regulated in response to particular hemicelluloses both in vitro and in vivo. 31776248 6 55 theme such 885:888 arg1 genes 890:894 more such genes 880:894 more such genes 880:894 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 10 56 theme polysaccharide 1569:1582 arg1 digestion 1584:1592 polysaccharide digestion 1569:1592 polysaccharide digestion 1569:1592 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 2 57 theme enzymatic 327:335 arg1 activity 337:344 microbial enzymatic activity 317:344 microbial enzymatic activity 317:344 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 4 58 theme isolate 545:551 arg1 genomes 553:559 bacterial isolate genomes 535:559 bacterial isolate genomes 535:559 Through analysis of bacterial isolate genomes and a metagenome of the honey bee gut microbiota, we identify that Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella are the principal degraders of hemicellulose and pectin. 31776248 7 59 theme human 1082:1086 arg1 gut 1088:1090 the human gut 1078:1090 the human gut 1078:1090 In Bifidobacterium, genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes are colocated within loci devoted to polysaccharide utilization, as in Bacteroides from the human gut. 31776248 6 60 theme more 880:883 arg1 genes 890:894 more such genes 880:894 more such genes 880:894 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 2 61 theme microbial 317:325 arg1 activity 337:344 microbial enzymatic activity 317:344 microbial enzymatic activity 317:344 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 10 62 theme core 1470:1473 arg1 species 1479:1485 The other 3 core gut species 1458:1485 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 63 contain possess 1541:1547 arg2 genes 1559:1563 few or no genes 1549:1563 few or no genes 1549:1563 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 63 contain possess 1541:1547 arg1 species 1479:1485 The other 3 core gut species 1458:1485 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 1 64 contain contains 173:180 arg2 cellulose 208:216 cellulose 208:216 cellulose 208:216 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 64 contain contains 173:180 arg2 pectin 238:243 pectin 238:243 pectin 238:243 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 64 contain contains 173:180 arg2 polysaccharides 182:196 polysaccharides 182:196 polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin 182:243 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 64 contain contains 173:180 arg1 pollen 154:159 pollen 154:159 pollen 154:159 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 1 64 contain contains 173:180 arg2 hemicellulose 219:231 hemicellulose 219:231 hemicellulose 219:231 Bees acquire carbohydrates from nectar and lipids; and amino acids from pollen, which also contains polysaccharides including cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. 31776248 12 65 theme bees 1881:1884 arg1 microbiomes 1866:1876 the gut microbiomes 1858:1876 the gut microbiomes of bees 1858:1884 Furthermore, the niche specialization revealed by our study may promote overall community stability in the gut microbiomes of bees. 31776248 3 66 theme polysaccharide 467:480 arg1 digestion 482:490 polysaccharide digestion 467:490 polysaccharide digestion 467:490 However, the contributions of individual microbiota members to polysaccharide digestion have remained unclear. 31776248 0 67 theme plant 50:54 arg1 digestion 71:79 plant polysaccharide digestion 50:79 plant polysaccharide digestion 50:79 Division of labor in honey bee gut microbiota for plant polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 10 68 theme gut 1475:1477 arg1 species 1479:1485 The other 3 core gut species 1458:1485 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) 1458:1539 The other 3 core gut species clusters (Snodgrassella and 2 Lactobacillus clusters) possess few or no genes for polysaccharide digestion. 31776248 9 69 theme Metabolomic 1231:1241 arg1 analyses 1243:1250 Metabolomic analyses 1231:1250 Metabolomic analyses 1231:1250 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 2 70 theme short 360:364 arg1 acids 378:382 short chain fatty acids 360:382 short chain fatty acids available to hosts 360:401 These potential energy sources could be degraded and fermented through microbial enzymatic activity, resulting in short chain fatty acids available to hosts. 31776248 12 71 theme gut 1862:1864 arg1 microbiomes 1866:1876 the gut microbiomes 1858:1876 the gut microbiomes of bees 1858:1884 Furthermore, the niche specialization revealed by our study may promote overall community stability in the gut microbiomes of bees. 31776248 9 72 theme different 1299:1307 arg1 strains 1309:1315 different strains 1299:1315 different strains 1299:1315 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 9 73 theme specific 1384:1391 arg1 monosaccharides 1393:1407 specific monosaccharides 1384:1407 specific monosaccharides 1384:1407 Metabolomic analyses document that bees experimentally colonized by different strains generate distinctive gut metabolomic profiles, with enrichment for specific monosaccharides, corresponding to predictions from genomic data. 31776248 7 74 theme polysaccharide 1027:1040 arg1 utilization 1042:1052 polysaccharide utilization 1027:1052 polysaccharide utilization 1027:1052 In Bifidobacterium, genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes are colocated within loci devoted to polysaccharide utilization, as in Bacteroides from the human gut. 31776248 6 75 contain possess 872:878 arg1 Strains 848:854 Strains 848:854 Strains from honey bees 848:870 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 6 75 contain possess 872:878 arg2 genes 890:894 more such genes 880:894 more such genes 880:894 Strains from honey bees possess more such genes than strains from bumble bees. 31776248 12 76 theme overall 1827:1833 arg1 stability 1845:1853 overall community stability 1827:1853 overall community stability 1827:1853 Furthermore, the niche specialization revealed by our study may promote overall community stability in the gut microbiomes of bees. 31776248 12 77 theme community 1835:1843 arg1 stability 1845:1853 overall community stability 1827:1853 overall community stability 1827:1853 Furthermore, the niche specialization revealed by our study may promote overall community stability in the gut microbiomes of bees. 29363966 1 0 theme donors 379:384 arg1 activity 329:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 0 theme donors 379:384 arg1 permeability 418:429 the epithelial permeability 403:429 the epithelial permeability 403:429 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 0 theme donors 379:384 arg1 response 442:449 immune response 435:449 immune response 435:449 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 0 theme donors 379:384 arg1 composition 342:352 composition 342:352 composition 342:352 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 6 1 theme effect 1144:1149 arg1 extent 1129:1134 The extent 1125:1134 The extent of this effect 1125:1149 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 6 1 theme effect 1144:1149 arg1 specific 1160:1167 specific 1160:1167 specific 1160:1167 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 4 2 from increases 936:944 arg1 NF-KB 955:959 NF-KB 955:959 NF-KB 955:959 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 4 2 from increases 936:944 arg1 TEER 949:952 TEER 949:952 TEER 949:952 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 4 2 from increases 936:944 arg1 IL-10 962:966 IL-10 962:966 IL-10 962:966 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 4 2 from increases 936:944 arg1 IL-6 973:976 IL-6 973:976 IL-6 973:976 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 5 3 theme metabolic 1108:1116 arg1 level 1118:1122 metabolic level 1108:1122 metabolic level 1108:1122 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 2 4 theme acetate 561:567 arg1 productions 546:556 increased productions 536:556 increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate 536:593 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 3 5 dep supplementation 725:739 arg1 Prevotella 778:787 Prevotella 778:787 Prevotella 778:787 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 3 5 dep supplementation 725:739 arg1 Erysipelotrichaceae 806:824 unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae 793:824 unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae 793:824 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 3 5 dep supplementation 725:739 arg1 Bifidobacterium 748:762 Bifidobacterium 748:762 Bifidobacterium 748:762 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 1 6 theme epithelial 407:416 arg1 permeability 418:429 the epithelial permeability 403:429 the epithelial permeability 403:429 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 7 theme epithelial 201:210 arg1 cells 212:216 epithelial cells 201:216 epithelial cells 201:216 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 0 8 theme Human 137:141 arg1 Cells 143:147 Human Cells 137:147 Human Cells 137:147 Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. 29363966 4 9 theme gut 899:901 arg1 barrier 903:909 gut barrier and immune function 899:929 barrier 903:909 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 1 10 theme cells 212:216 arg1 macrophages 222:232 macrophages 222:232 macrophages 222:232 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 10 theme cells 212:216 arg1 cocultures 187:196 cocultures 187:196 cocultures of epithelial cells 187:216 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 4 11 theme immune 915:920 arg1 function 922:929 gut barrier and immune function 899:929 function 922:929 Both products stimulated gut barrier and immune function with increases in TEER, NF-KB, IL-10, and IL-6. 29363966 3 12 theme unclassified 793:804 arg1 Erysipelotrichaceae 806:824 unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae 793:824 unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae 793:824 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 6 13 theme specific 1194:1201 arg1 modulation 1203:1212 a final specific modulation 1186:1212 a final specific modulation of the host's immune system 1186:1240 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 1 14 theme gut 315:317 arg1 activity 329:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 6 15 attach linked 1176:1181 arg2 extent 1129:1134 The extent 1125:1134 The extent of this effect 1125:1149 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 6 15 attach linked 1176:1181 arg2 specific 1160:1167 specific 1160:1167 specific 1160:1167 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 6 15 attach linked 1176:1181 arg1 modulation 1203:1212 a final specific modulation 1186:1212 a final specific modulation of the host's immune system 1186:1240 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 6 16 theme final 1188:1192 arg1 modulation 1203:1212 a final specific modulation 1186:1212 a final specific modulation of the host's immune system 1186:1240 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 1 17 theme microbial 319:327 arg1 activity 329:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 gut microbial activity 315:336 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 5 18 theme donor 1067:1071 arg1 microbiota 1042:1051 the microbiota 1038:1051 the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level 1038:1122 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 5 19 with Ingredients 979:989 arg1 structures 1006:1015 different structures 996:1015 different structures 996:1015 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 1 20 theme immune 435:440 arg1 response 442:449 immune response 435:449 immune response 435:449 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 5 21 theme different 996:1004 arg1 structures 1006:1015 different structures 996:1015 different structures 996:1015 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 2 22 theme propionate 570:579 arg1 productions 546:556 increased productions 536:556 increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate 536:593 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 3 23 theme metabolites 620:630 arg1 production 632:641 metabolites production 620:641 metabolites production 620:641 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 2 24 theme pH 514:515 arg1 incubation 497:506 incubation 497:506 incubation (-1.5 pH units) 497:522 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 2 24 theme pH 514:515 arg1 units 517:521 -1.5 pH units 509:521 -1.5 pH units 509:521 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 3 25 dep Bifidobacterium 748:762 arg1 i.e. 742:745 i.e. 742:745 i.e. 742:745 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 0 26 theme Inter-Individual 47:62 arg1 Variation 64:72 Inter-Individual Variation 47:72 Inter-Individual Variation 47:72 Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. 29363966 3 27 theme specific 662:669 arg1 alterations 681:691 specific microbial alterations 662:691 specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 662:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 3 28 theme production 632:641 arg1 terms 611:615 terms 611:615 terms of metabolites production 611:641 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 2 29 theme increased 536:544 arg1 productions 546:556 increased productions 536:556 increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate 536:593 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 0 30 theme Microbial 77:85 arg1 Metabolism 87:96 Microbial Metabolism 77:96 Microbial Metabolism 77:96 Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. 29363966 3 31 theme microbial 671:679 arg1 alterations 681:691 specific microbial alterations 662:691 specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 662:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 1 32 used used 239:242 arg2 fermentations 162:174 Fecal batch fermentations 150:174 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages 150:232 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 33 theme human 373:377 arg1 donors 379:384 three different human donors 357:384 three different human donors 357:384 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 5 34 theme differential 1084:1095 arg1 changes 1097:1103 differential changes 1084:1103 differential changes at metabolic level 1084:1122 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 1 35 theme Fecal 150:154 arg1 fermentations 162:174 Fecal batch fermentations 150:174 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages 150:232 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 1 36 theme different 363:371 arg1 donors 379:384 three different human donors 357:384 three different human donors 357:384 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 3 37 theme inulin/AXOS 713:723 arg1 supplementation 725:739 inulin/AXOS supplementation 713:739 inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 713:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 5 38 from level 1118:1122 arg1 changes 1097:1103 differential changes 1084:1103 differential changes at metabolic level 1084:1122 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 1 39 theme batch 156:160 arg1 fermentations 162:174 Fecal batch fermentations 150:174 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages 150:232 Fecal batch fermentations coupled to cocultures of epithelial cells and macrophages were used to compare how arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and inulin modulate gut microbial activity and composition of three different human donors and subsequently the epithelial permeability and immune response. 29363966 3 40 attach linked 652:657 arg1 alterations 681:691 specific microbial alterations 662:691 specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 662:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 3 40 attach linked 652:657 arg2 Differences 596:606 Differences 596:606 Differences in terms of metabolites production 596:641 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 3 41 theme Illumina 853:860 arg1 sequencing 862:871 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing 840:871 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing 840:871 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 2 42 theme butyrate 586:593 arg1 productions 546:556 increased productions 536:556 increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate 536:593 Both inulin and AXOS decreased the pH during incubation (-1.5 pH units), leading to increased productions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. 29363966 3 43 theme genus 696:700 arg1 level 702:706 genus level 696:706 genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 696:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 6 44 theme system 1235:1240 arg1 modulation 1203:1212 a final specific modulation 1186:1212 a final specific modulation of the host's immune system 1186:1240 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 3 45 from Differences 596:606 arg1 terms 611:615 terms 611:615 terms of metabolites production 611:641 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 6 46 theme immune 1228:1233 arg1 system 1235:1240 the host's immune system 1217:1240 the host's immune system 1217:1240 The extent of this effect is donor specific and is linked to a final specific modulation of the host's immune system. 29363966 3 47 from level 702:706 arg1 alterations 681:691 specific microbial alterations 662:691 specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae) 662:825 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 29363966 0 48 from Impact 40:45 arg1 Composition 102:112 Composition 102:112 Composition 102:112 Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. 29363966 0 48 from Impact 40:45 arg1 Metabolism 87:96 Microbial Metabolism 77:96 Microbial Metabolism 77:96 Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells. 29363966 5 49 theme specific 1058:1065 arg1 donor 1067:1071 a specific donor 1056:1071 a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level 1056:1122 Ingredients with different structures selectively modulate the microbiota of a specific donor leading to differential changes at metabolic level. 29363966 3 50 theme 16S-targeted 840:851 arg1 sequencing 862:871 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing 840:871 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing 840:871 Differences in terms of metabolites production could be linked to specific microbial alterations at genus level upon inulin/AXOS supplementation (i.e., Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella and unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae), as shown by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing. 30043036 6 0 theme wt 1283:1284 arg1 chitin 1290:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin 1279:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1279:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 1 theme activity 1491:1498 arg1 decay 1468:1472 no decay 1465:1472 no decay of the catalytic activity 1465:1498 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 1 2 theme chitin 174:179 arg1 microspheres 181:192 chitin microspheres 174:192 chitin microspheres 174:192 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 3 3 theme functional 828:837 arg1 groups 839:844 their abundant functional groups 813:844 their abundant functional groups 813:844 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 3 4 theme surface 856:862 arg1 areas 864:868 large surface areas 850:868 large surface areas 850:868 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 0 5 theme efficient 99:107 arg1 catalysts 124:132 efficient and recyclable catalysts 99:132 efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation 99:150 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 5 6 theme superior 1136:1143 arg1 activities 1155:1164 superior catalytic activities 1136:1164 superior catalytic activities 1136:1164 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 4 7 theme chitin 885:890 arg1 matrix 892:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 7 theme chitin 885:890 arg1 reductant 910:918 a reductant 908:918 a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination 908:960 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 7 theme chitin 885:890 arg1 chitin 999:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 2 8 theme ultrafine 580:588 arg1 nanoparticles 600:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles 561:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 561:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 8 theme ultrafine 580:588 arg1 NPs 618:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 3 9 theme catalysts 723:731 arg1 framework 704:712 the supporting framework 689:712 the supporting framework of these catalysts 689:731 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 6 10 with cycles 1453:1458 arg1 decay 1468:1472 no decay 1465:1472 no decay of the catalytic activity 1465:1498 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 4 11 theme @ 998:998 arg1 matrix 892:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 11 theme @ 998:998 arg1 reductant 910:918 a reductant 908:918 a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination 908:960 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 11 theme @ 998:998 arg1 chitin 999:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 0 12 theme recyclable 113:122 arg1 catalysts 124:132 efficient and recyclable catalysts 99:132 efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation 99:150 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 6 13 from frequency 1331:1339 arg1 hydrogenation 1368:1380 the hydrogenation 1364:1380 the hydrogenation of styrene 1364:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 14 theme catalytic 1481:1489 arg1 activity 1491:1498 the catalytic activity 1477:1498 the catalytic activity 1477:1498 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 3 15 theme large 850:854 arg1 areas 864:868 large surface areas 850:868 large surface areas 850:868 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 2 16 theme well-dispersed 561:574 arg1 nanoparticles 600:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles 561:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 561:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 16 theme well-dispersed 561:574 arg1 NPs 618:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 5 17 theme benzaldehyde 1103:1114 arg1 hydrogenations 1073:1086 the hydrogenations 1069:1086 the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde 1069:1114 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 6 18 theme active 1260:1265 arg1 catalyst 1267:1274 the most active catalyst 1251:1274 the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1251:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 2 19 theme absorption 500:509 arg1 spectroscopy 511:522 X-ray absorption spectroscopy 494:522 X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) 494:528 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 19 theme absorption 500:509 arg1 XAS 525:527 XAS 525:527 XAS 525:527 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 20 theme electron 464:471 arg1 TEM 485:487 TEM 485:487 TEM 485:487 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 20 theme electron 464:471 arg1 microscopy 473:482 Transmission electron microscopy 451:482 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 451:488 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 5 21 theme Pd 1222:1223 arg1 OAc 1225:1227 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 0 22 theme ultrafine 18:26 arg1 palladium 28:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium 0:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium 0:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 3 23 theme significant 743:753 arg1 role 755:758 a significant role 741:758 a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas 741:868 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 6 24 theme h-1 1357:1359 arg1 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 24 theme h-1 1357:1359 arg1 frequency 1331:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency 1301:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1301:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 5 25 theme commercial 1178:1187 arg1 Pd/C 1189:1192 commercial Pd/C 1178:1192 commercial Pd/C 1178:1192 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 0 26 theme Size-controllable 0:16 arg1 palladium 28:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium 0:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium 0:36 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 6 27 theme competitive 1310:1320 arg1 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 27 theme competitive 1310:1320 arg1 frequency 1331:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency 1301:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1301:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 3 28 theme supporting 693:702 arg1 framework 704:712 the supporting framework 689:712 the supporting framework of these catalysts 689:731 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 1 29 theme different 214:222 arg1 concentrations 224:237 different concentrations 214:237 different concentrations of palladium salt solution 214:264 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 3 30 theme dispersed 787:795 arg1 NPs 800:802 the highly dispersed Pd NPs 776:802 the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas 776:868 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 2 31 theme Pd 615:616 arg1 nanoparticles 600:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles 561:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 561:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 31 theme Pd 615:616 arg1 NPs 618:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 6 32 theme turnover 1322:1329 arg1 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 TOF 1342:1344 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 32 theme turnover 1322:1329 arg1 frequency 1331:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency 1301:1339 a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1301:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 33 theme styrene 1385:1391 arg1 hydrogenation 1368:1380 the hydrogenation 1364:1380 the hydrogenation of styrene 1364:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 5 34 theme unsupported 1198:1208 arg1 OAc 1225:1227 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 2 35 dep 3 659:659 arg1 to 656:657 to 656:657 to 656:657 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 36 from nm 661:662 arg1 diameters 633:641 mean diameters 628:641 mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 628:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 5 37 theme homogeneous 1210:1220 arg1 OAc 1225:1227 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 1198:1229 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 1 38 theme size-controllable 326:342 arg1 nanocatalysts 354:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts 326:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) 326:378 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 1 38 theme size-controllable 326:342 arg1 chitin 372:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 1 39 theme composite 427:435 arg1 microspheres 437:448 the composite microspheres 423:448 the composite microspheres 423:448 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 5 40 theme Pd 1025:1026 arg1 catalysts 1035:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 1 41 theme palladium 242:250 arg1 solution 257:264 palladium salt solution 242:264 palladium salt solution 242:264 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 4 42 theme calcination 971:981 arg1 process 983:989 the calcination process 967:989 the calcination process 967:989 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 1 43 theme palladium 344:352 arg1 nanocatalysts 354:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts 326:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) 326:378 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 1 43 theme palladium 344:352 arg1 chitin 372:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 2 44 theme palladium 590:598 arg1 nanoparticles 600:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles 561:612 well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 561:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 44 theme palladium 590:598 arg1 NPs 618:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Pd NPs 615:620 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 3 45 theme Chitin 665:670 arg1 microspheres 672:683 Chitin microspheres 665:683 Chitin microspheres 665:683 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 5 46 theme @ 1027:1027 arg1 catalysts 1035:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 1 47 theme salt 252:255 arg1 solution 257:264 palladium salt solution 242:264 palladium salt solution 242:264 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 0 48 theme chitin 76:81 arg1 microspheres 83:94 calcined chitin microspheres 67:94 calcined chitin microspheres 67:94 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 1 49 theme nanocatalysts 354:366 arg1 series 316:321 then a series 309:321 then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) 309:378 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 2 50 theme mean 628:631 arg1 diameters 633:641 mean diameters 628:641 mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 628:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 5 51 theme styrene 1091:1097 arg1 hydrogenations 1073:1086 the hydrogenations 1069:1086 the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde 1069:1114 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 5 52 theme chitin 1028:1033 arg1 catalysts 1035:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts 1019:1043 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 5 53 dep Pd/C 1189:1192 arg1 catalysts 1231:1239 catalysts 1231:1239 catalysts 1231:1239 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 0 54 theme calcined 67:74 arg1 microspheres 83:94 calcined chitin microspheres 67:94 calcined chitin microspheres 67:94 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 3 55 theme Pd 797:798 arg1 NPs 800:802 the highly dispersed Pd NPs 776:802 the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas 776:868 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 30043036 6 56 theme @ 1289:1289 arg1 chitin 1290:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin 1279:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1279:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 2 57 with nanoparticles 600:612 arg1 diameters 633:641 mean diameters 628:641 mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 628:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 1 58 theme Pd 369:370 arg1 nanocatalysts 354:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts 326:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) 326:378 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 1 58 theme Pd 369:370 arg1 chitin 372:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 6 59 theme Pd 1287:1288 arg1 chitin 1290:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin 1279:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1279:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 60 used used 1431:1434 arg2 catalyst 1402:1409 the catalyst 1398:1409 the catalyst 1398:1409 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 60 used used 1431:1434 arg2 catalyst 1267:1274 the most active catalyst 1251:1274 the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1251:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 0 61 dep nanoparticles 38:50 arg1 immobilized 52:62 immobilized 52:62 nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation 38:150 Size-controllable ultrafine palladium nanoparticles immobilized on calcined chitin microspheres as efficient and recyclable catalysts for hydrogenation. 30043036 6 62 theme industrial 1522:1531 arg1 applications 1533:1544 potential industrial applications 1512:1544 potential industrial applications 1512:1544 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 1 63 theme solution 257:264 arg1 concentrations 224:237 different concentrations 214:237 different concentrations of palladium salt solution 214:264 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 6 64 theme % 1285:1285 arg1 chitin 1290:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin 1279:1295 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1279:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 65 theme potential 1512:1520 arg1 applications 1533:1544 potential industrial applications 1512:1544 potential industrial applications 1512:1544 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 1 66 theme present 160:166 arg1 work 168:171 the present work 156:171 the present work 156:171 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 4 67 theme Pd 996:997 arg1 matrix 892:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 the chitin matrix 881:897 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 67 theme Pd 996:997 arg1 reductant 910:918 a reductant 908:918 a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination 908:960 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 4 67 theme Pd 996:997 arg1 chitin 999:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Pd@chitin 996:1004 Moreover, the chitin matrix acted as a reductant for the precursor-Pd2+ during calcination, and the calcination process made Pd@chitin more stable. 30043036 2 68 theme Transmission 451:462 arg1 TEM 485:487 TEM 485:487 TEM 485:487 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 68 theme Transmission 451:462 arg1 microscopy 473:482 Transmission electron microscopy 451:482 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 451:488 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 5 69 theme catalytic 1145:1153 arg1 activities 1155:1164 superior catalytic activities 1136:1164 superior catalytic activities 1136:1164 These Pd@chitin catalysts were further tested for the hydrogenations of styrene and benzaldehyde, and they displayed superior catalytic activities compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts. 30043036 6 70 theme chitin 1290:1295 arg1 catalyst 1402:1409 the catalyst 1398:1409 the catalyst 1398:1409 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 6 70 theme chitin 1290:1295 arg1 catalyst 1267:1274 the most active catalyst 1251:1274 the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene 1251:1391 Notably, the most active catalyst of 1.2 wt% Pd@chitin had a highly competitive turnover frequency (TOF) of 50 000 h-1 in the hydrogenation of styrene, and the catalyst could be repeatedly used for more than 10 cycles with no decay of the catalytic activity, suggesting potential industrial applications. 30043036 2 71 theme reliable 539:546 arg1 evidence 548:555 reliable evidence 539:555 reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm 539:662 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 1 72 theme @ 371:371 arg1 nanocatalysts 354:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts 326:366 size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) 326:378 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 1 72 theme @ 371:371 arg1 chitin 372:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 Pd@chitin 369:377 In the present work, chitin microspheres were impregnated at different concentrations of palladium salt solution to generate the precursor-Pd2+/chitin, and then a series of size-controllable palladium nanocatalysts (Pd@chitin) were successfully constructed by calcining the composite microspheres. 30043036 2 73 theme X-ray 494:498 arg1 spectroscopy 511:522 X-ray absorption spectroscopy 494:522 X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) 494:528 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 2 73 theme X-ray 494:498 arg1 XAS 525:527 XAS 525:527 XAS 525:527 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provided reliable evidence for well-dispersed and ultrafine palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with mean diameters from about 1 to 3 nm. 30043036 3 74 theme abundant 819:826 arg1 groups 839:844 their abundant functional groups 813:844 their abundant functional groups 813:844 Chitin microspheres, as the supporting framework of these catalysts, played a significant role for stabilizing the highly dispersed Pd NPs based on their abundant functional groups and large surface areas. 29734011 0 0 theme Novel 84:88 arg1 means 90:94 Novel means 84:94 Novel means for microbiota modulation 84:120 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 7 1 theme metabolic 1239:1247 arg1 properties 1249:1258 oligosaccharide metabolic properties 1223:1258 oligosaccharide metabolic properties 1223:1258 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species were separated into two groups based on oligosaccharide metabolic properties. 29734011 2 2 theme target 367:372 arg1 microorganisms 374:387 the major target microorganisms 357:387 the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides 357:407 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 11 3 theme oligosaccharide 1596:1610 arg1 selectivity 1612:1622 oligosaccharide selectivity 1596:1622 oligosaccharide selectivity for metabolism or rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4) 1596:1688 did not show oligosaccharide selectivity for metabolism or rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4). 29734011 1 4 theme microbiota 250:259 arg1 composition 261:271 healthy microbiota composition 242:271 healthy microbiota composition 242:271 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 5 5 theme probiotic 909:917 arg1 muciniphila 880:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 5 5 theme probiotic 909:917 arg1 potential 895:903 a potential new probiotic 893:917 a potential new probiotic against obesity 893:933 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 1 6 theme significant 168:178 arg1 impacts 180:186 significant impacts 168:186 significant impacts 168:186 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 13 7 theme Available 1804:1812 arg1 carbohydrates 1814:1826 Available carbohydrates 1804:1826 Available carbohydrates 1804:1826 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 8 theme metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 accumulation 1860:1871 the accumulation 1856:1871 the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids 1856:1987 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 9 theme bacterial 1895:1903 arg1 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 9 theme bacterial 1895:1903 arg1 metabolites 1905:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites 1876:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) 1876:1959 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 9 theme bacterial 1895:1903 arg1 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 9 theme bacterial 1895:1903 arg1 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 9 theme bacterial 1895:1903 arg1 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 8 10 theme selected 1364:1371 arg1 oligosaccharides 1373:1388 only 1 or 2 selected oligosaccharides 1352:1388 only 1 or 2 selected oligosaccharides 1352:1388 One group metabolized well most of the oligosaccharides tested, but the others metabolized only 1 or 2 selected oligosaccharides. 29734011 4 11 theme several 761:767 arg1 strains 769:775 several strains 761:775 several strains used 761:780 Bifidobacteria readily metabolized fructooligosaccharide (FOSs) with degree of polymerization (DP) 3, i.e. 1-kestose, but several strains used did not actively metabolize FOSs with DP4 and DP5, i.e. nystose and fructosylnystose. 29734011 7 12 theme oligosaccharide 1223:1237 arg1 properties 1249:1258 oligosaccharide metabolic properties 1223:1258 oligosaccharide metabolic properties 1223:1258 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species were separated into two groups based on oligosaccharide metabolic properties. 29734011 13 13 theme significant 1834:1844 arg1 impact 1846:1851 a significant impact 1832:1851 a significant impact 1832:1851 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 7 14 theme group 1169:1173 arg1 species 1175:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species 1141:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species 1141:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species were separated into two groups based on oligosaccharide metabolic properties. 29734011 3 15 theme metabolic 569:577 arg1 properties 579:588 the metabolic properties 565:588 the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes 565:636 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 13 16 theme short 1965:1969 arg1 acids 1983:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 17 theme acids 1983:1987 arg1 accumulation 1860:1871 the accumulation 1856:1871 the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids 1856:1987 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 1 18 contain have 163:166 arg1 oligosaccharides 133:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 1 18 contain have 163:166 arg2 impacts 180:186 significant impacts 168:186 significant impacts 168:186 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 11 19 dep preferred 1649:1657 arg1 longer 1659:1664 longer 1659:1664 longer 1659:1664 did not show oligosaccharide selectivity for metabolism or rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4). 29734011 12 20 theme microbial 1754:1762 arg1 end-products 1764:1775 the microbial end-products 1750:1775 the microbial end-products 1750:1775 The fermentation profiles indicated specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes. 29734011 5 21 theme Akkermansia 868:878 arg1 muciniphila 880:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 5 21 theme Akkermansia 868:878 arg1 potential 895:903 a potential new probiotic 893:917 a potential new probiotic against obesity 893:933 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 0 22 theme microbiota 100:109 arg1 modulation 111:120 microbiota modulation 100:120 microbiota modulation 100:120 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 6 23 dep grew 1051:1054 arg1 whereas 1102:1108 whereas 1102:1108 whereas 1102:1108 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 6 24 theme butyrate 1013:1020 arg1 caccae 1044:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 10 25 theme shorter 1494:1500 arg1 DP3 1520:1522 DP3 1520:1522 DP3 1520:1522 preferentially metabolized shorter oligosaccharides (DP3) in the mixtures, whereas Bacteroides-Parabacteroides spp. 29734011 10 25 theme shorter 1494:1500 arg1 oligosaccharides 1502:1517 shorter oligosaccharides 1494:1517 shorter oligosaccharides (DP3) 1494:1523 preferentially metabolized shorter oligosaccharides (DP3) in the mixtures, whereas Bacteroides-Parabacteroides spp. 29734011 0 26 dep means 90:94 arg1 ability 4:10 The ability 0:10 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides 0:81 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 12 27 theme specific 1781:1788 arg1 microbes 1794:1801 specific gut microbes 1781:1801 specific gut microbes 1781:1801 The fermentation profiles indicated specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes. 29734011 6 28 theme FOS 1088:1090 arg1 mixtures 1092:1099 FOS mixtures 1088:1099 FOS mixtures 1088:1099 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 2 29 theme gut 480:482 arg1 microbes 484:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 4 30 dep 1-kestose 746:754 arg1 i.e. 741:744 i.e. 741:744 i.e. 741:744 Bifidobacteria readily metabolized fructooligosaccharide (FOSs) with degree of polymerization (DP) 3, i.e. 1-kestose, but several strains used did not actively metabolize FOSs with DP4 and DP5, i.e. nystose and fructosylnystose. 29734011 2 31 from microbes 484:491 arg1 properties 428:437 the metabolic properties 414:437 the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes 414:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 1 32 theme gut 191:193 arg1 microbiota 195:204 gut microbiota 191:204 gut microbiota 191:204 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 2 33 theme predominant 468:478 arg1 microbes 484:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 12 34 theme fermentation 1695:1706 arg1 profiles 1708:1715 The fermentation profiles 1691:1715 The fermentation profiles 1691:1715 The fermentation profiles indicated specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes. 29734011 1 35 from infants 291:297 arg1 program 234:240 program 234:240 program 234:240 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 3 36 theme oligosaccharides 597:612 arg1 properties 579:588 the metabolic properties 565:588 the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes 565:636 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 2 37 theme oligosaccharides 392:407 arg1 microorganisms 374:387 the major target microorganisms 357:387 the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides 357:407 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 0 38 theme human 15:19 arg1 anaerobes 32:40 human intestinal anaerobes 15:40 human intestinal anaerobes 15:40 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 14 39 theme oligosaccharides 2037:2052 arg1 impact 2027:2032 the impact 2023:2032 the impact of oligosaccharides 2023:2052 The results assist in predicting the impact of oligosaccharides in human intervention and gut microbiota modulation. 29734011 14 40 theme microbiota 2084:2093 arg1 modulation 2095:2104 gut microbiota modulation 2080:2104 gut microbiota modulation 2080:2104 The results assist in predicting the impact of oligosaccharides in human intervention and gut microbiota modulation. 29734011 11 41 theme preferred 1649:1657 arg1 >DP4 1684:1687 >DP4 1684:1687 >DP4 1684:1687 did not show oligosaccharide selectivity for metabolism or rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4). 29734011 11 41 theme preferred 1649:1657 arg1 oligosaccharides 1666:1681 rather preferred longer oligosaccharides 1642:1681 rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4) 1642:1688 did not show oligosaccharide selectivity for metabolism or rather preferred longer oligosaccharides (>DP4). 29734011 12 42 theme specific 1727:1734 arg1 links 1736:1740 specific links 1727:1740 specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes 1727:1801 The fermentation profiles indicated specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes. 29734011 2 43 theme oligosaccharides 442:457 arg1 properties 428:437 the metabolic properties 414:437 the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes 414:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 4 44 dep nystose 838:844 arg1 i.e. 833:836 i.e. 833:836 i.e. 833:836 Bifidobacteria readily metabolized fructooligosaccharide (FOSs) with degree of polymerization (DP) 3, i.e. 1-kestose, but several strains used did not actively metabolize FOSs with DP4 and DP5, i.e. nystose and fructosylnystose. 29734011 5 45 theme significant 949:959 arg1 growth 961:966 significant growth 949:966 significant growth 949:966 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 2 46 theme major 361:365 arg1 microorganisms 374:387 the major target microorganisms 357:387 the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides 357:407 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 0 47 theme anaerobes 32:40 arg1 ability 4:10 The ability 0:10 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides 0:81 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 13 48 theme chain 1971:1975 arg1 acids 1983:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 6 49 contain contained 1113:1121 arg1 it 1110:1111 it 1110:1111 it 1110:1111 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 6 49 contain contained 1113:1121 arg2 it 1110:1111 it 1110:1111 it 1110:1111 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 6 49 contain contained 1113:1121 arg2 1-kestose 1123:1131 1-kestose 1123:1131 1-kestose 1123:1131 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 6 49 contain contained 1113:1121 arg1 % 1138:1138 30% 1136:1138 30% 1136:1138 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 3 50 theme key 620:622 arg1 anaerobes 628:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 0 51 theme intestinal 21:30 arg1 anaerobes 32:40 human intestinal anaerobes 15:40 human intestinal anaerobes 15:40 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 9 52 theme Oligosaccharide 1391:1405 arg1 profiles 1407:1414 Oligosaccharide profiles 1391:1414 Oligosaccharide profiles after culturing 1391:1430 Oligosaccharide profiles after culturing revealed that Bifidobacterium spp. 29734011 2 53 theme other 462:466 arg1 microbes 484:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 2 54 theme metabolic 418:426 arg1 properties 428:437 the metabolic properties 414:437 the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes 414:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 7 55 theme Bacteroides-Parabacteroides 1141:1167 arg1 species 1175:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species 1141:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species 1141:1181 Bacteroides-Parabacteroides group species were separated into two groups based on oligosaccharide metabolic properties. 29734011 13 56 dep phenol 1923:1928 arg1 i.e. 1918:1921 i.e. 1918:1921 i.e. 1918:1921 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 57 theme acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 57 theme acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 metabolites 1905:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites 1876:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) 1876:1959 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 57 theme acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 57 theme acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 57 theme acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 3 58 theme present 534:540 arg1 study 542:546 the present study 530:546 the present study 530:546 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 1 59 theme Prebiotic 123:131 arg1 oligosaccharides 133:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 3 60 from properties 579:588 arg1 anaerobes 628:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 13 61 dep metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 61 dep metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 metabolites 1905:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites 1876:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) 1876:1959 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 61 dep metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 61 dep metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 61 dep metabolites 1905:1915 arg1 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 62 theme amino 1876:1880 arg1 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 62 theme amino 1876:1880 arg1 metabolites 1905:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites 1876:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) 1876:1959 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 62 theme amino 1876:1880 arg1 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 62 theme amino 1876:1880 arg1 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 62 theme amino 1876:1880 arg1 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 63 link acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 p-cresol 1931:1938 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 63 link acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 metabolites 1905:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites 1876:1915 amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) 1876:1959 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 63 link acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 phenol 1923:1928 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 63 link acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 skatole 1952:1958 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 63 link acid-derived 1882:1893 arg1 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 indole 1941:1946 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 3 64 theme gut 624:626 arg1 anaerobes 628:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 31 key gut anaerobes 617:636 In the present study, we demonstrated the metabolic properties of six oligosaccharides in 31 key gut anaerobes. 29734011 12 65 theme gut 1790:1792 arg1 microbes 1794:1801 specific gut microbes 1781:1801 specific gut microbes 1781:1801 The fermentation profiles indicated specific links between the microbial end-products and specific gut microbes. 29734011 2 66 from properties 428:437 arg1 microbes 484:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 5 67 theme new 905:907 arg1 muciniphila 880:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila 868:890 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 5 67 theme new 905:907 arg1 potential 895:903 a potential new probiotic 893:917 a potential new probiotic against obesity 893:933 Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential new probiotic against obesity, did not show significant growth with any of the oligosaccharides tested. 29734011 13 68 contain had 1828:1830 arg2 impact 1846:1851 a significant impact 1832:1851 a significant impact 1832:1851 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 13 68 contain had 1828:1830 arg1 carbohydrates 1814:1826 Available carbohydrates 1804:1826 Available carbohydrates 1804:1826 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 1 69 used used 226:229 arg2 oligosaccharides 133:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 123:148 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 29734011 0 70 dep ability 4:10 arg1 metabolize 45:54 metabolize 45:54 to metabolize different oligosaccharides 42:81 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 14 71 theme human 2057:2061 arg1 intervention 2063:2074 human intervention 2057:2074 human intervention 2057:2074 The results assist in predicting the impact of oligosaccharides in human intervention and gut microbiota modulation. 29734011 13 72 theme fatty 1977:1981 arg1 acids 1983:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 short chain fatty acids 1965:1987 Available carbohydrates had a significant impact on the accumulation of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites (i.e. phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole) and short chain fatty acids. 29734011 6 73 theme Anaerostipes 1031:1042 arg1 caccae 1044:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 0 74 theme different 56:64 arg1 oligosaccharides 66:81 different oligosaccharides 56:81 different oligosaccharides 56:81 The ability of human intestinal anaerobes to metabolize different oligosaccharides: Novel means for microbiota modulation? 29734011 14 75 theme gut 2080:2082 arg1 modulation 2095:2104 gut microbiota modulation 2080:2104 gut microbiota modulation 2080:2104 The results assist in predicting the impact of oligosaccharides in human intervention and gut microbiota modulation. 29734011 6 76 theme producer 1022:1029 arg1 caccae 1044:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae 1009:1049 The butyrate producer Anaerostipes caccae grew well on 1-kestose but poorly on FOS mixtures, whereas it contained 1-kestose at 30%. 29734011 2 77 from oligosaccharides 442:457 arg1 microbes 484:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 other predominant gut microbes 462:491 Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are among the major target microorganisms of oligosaccharides, but the metabolic properties of oligosaccharides in other predominant gut microbes have not been well characterized. 29734011 4 78 theme polymerization 718:731 arg1 degree 708:713 degree 708:713 degree of polymerization (DP) 3 708:738 Bifidobacteria readily metabolized fructooligosaccharide (FOSs) with degree of polymerization (DP) 3, i.e. 1-kestose, but several strains used did not actively metabolize FOSs with DP4 and DP5, i.e. nystose and fructosylnystose. 29734011 1 79 theme healthy 242:248 arg1 composition 261:271 healthy microbiota composition 242:271 healthy microbiota composition 242:271 Prebiotic oligosaccharides are known to have significant impacts on gut microbiota and are thus widely used to program healthy microbiota composition and activity from infants to the elderly. 30981347 8 0 theme arabinogalactans 1151:1166 arg1 substance 1191:1199 a potential medical substance 1171:1199 a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer 1171:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 0 theme arabinogalactans 1151:1166 arg1 demonstration 1125:1137 strong demonstration 1118:1137 strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans 1118:1166 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 7 1 theme cancer 1001:1006 arg1 apoptosis 1017:1025 cancer cellular apoptosis 1001:1025 cancer cellular apoptosis 1001:1025 The toxicity mechanisms were further investigated, and assay results revealed that S-LAGs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30981347 5 2 theme derivatization 741:754 arg1 selectivity 756:766 derivatization selectivity 741:766 derivatization selectivity 741:766 Monosaccharide composition before and after sulfation indicated some level of derivatization selectivity. 30981347 1 3 theme sulfation 200:208 arg1 derivatization 210:223 sulfation derivatization 200:223 sulfation derivatization 200:223 A highly branched arabinogalactan isolated from Larix principis-rupprechtii and subjected to sulfation derivatization to promote their antitumor bioactivity. 30981347 3 4 theme Spectral 425:432 arg1 analysis 434:441 Spectral analysis 425:441 Spectral analysis 425:441 Spectral analysis indicated that sulfate groups were successfully introduced on arabinogalactan. 30981347 5 5 theme selectivity 756:766 arg1 level 732:736 some level 727:736 some level of derivatization selectivity 727:766 Monosaccharide composition before and after sulfation indicated some level of derivatization selectivity. 30981347 6 6 dep In 769:770 arg1 vitro 772:776 vitro 772:776 vitro 772:776 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 4 7 theme substitution 568:579 arg1 degrees 557:563 different degrees 547:563 different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80 547:610 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 4 7 theme substitution 568:579 arg1 Mw 627:628 different Mw 617:628 different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa 617:660 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 8 8 theme medical 1183:1189 arg1 demonstration 1125:1137 strong demonstration 1118:1137 strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans 1118:1166 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 8 theme medical 1183:1189 arg1 substance 1191:1199 a potential medical substance 1171:1199 a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer 1171:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 9 theme potential 1173:1181 arg1 demonstration 1125:1137 strong demonstration 1118:1137 strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans 1118:1166 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 9 theme potential 1173:1181 arg1 substance 1191:1199 a potential medical substance 1171:1199 a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer 1171:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 10 theme strong 1118:1123 arg1 substance 1191:1199 a potential medical substance 1171:1199 a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer 1171:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 8 10 theme strong 1118:1123 arg1 demonstration 1125:1137 strong demonstration 1118:1137 strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans 1118:1166 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 7 11 theme assay 951:955 arg1 results 957:963 assay results 951:963 assay results 951:963 The toxicity mechanisms were further investigated, and assay results revealed that S-LAGs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30981347 3 12 theme sulfate 458:464 arg1 groups 466:471 sulfate groups 458:471 sulfate groups 458:471 Spectral analysis indicated that sulfate groups were successfully introduced on arabinogalactan. 30981347 7 13 theme cell 1058:1061 arg1 proliferation 1063:1075 cell proliferation 1058:1075 cell proliferation 1058:1075 The toxicity mechanisms were further investigated, and assay results revealed that S-LAGs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30981347 2 14 theme monosaccharide 371:384 arg1 constitution 386:397 monosaccharide constitution 371:397 monosaccharide constitution 371:397 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 0 15 from principis-rupprechtii 53:73 arg1 modification 9:20 Sulfated modification 0:20 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 0:105 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 0 16 theme Sulfated 0:7 arg1 modification 9:20 Sulfated modification 0:20 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 0:105 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 6 17 theme cell 785:788 arg1 tests 790:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 8 18 theme modified 1142:1149 arg1 arabinogalactans 1151:1166 modified arabinogalactans 1142:1166 modified arabinogalactans 1142:1166 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 0 19 theme arabinogalactans 25:40 arg1 modification 9:20 Sulfated modification 0:20 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 0:105 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 8 20 theme different 1214:1222 arg1 forms 1224:1228 different forms 1214:1228 different forms of cancer 1214:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 5 21 theme Monosaccharide 663:676 arg1 composition 678:688 Monosaccharide composition 663:688 Monosaccharide composition before and after sulfation 663:715 Monosaccharide composition before and after sulfation indicated some level of derivatization selectivity. 30981347 1 22 theme branched 116:123 arg1 arabinogalactan 125:139 A highly branched arabinogalactan 107:139 A highly branched arabinogalactan 107:139 A highly branched arabinogalactan isolated from Larix principis-rupprechtii and subjected to sulfation derivatization to promote their antitumor bioactivity. 30981347 6 23 theme cancer 778:783 arg1 tests 790:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 1 24 theme antitumor 242:250 arg1 bioactivity 252:262 their antitumor bioactivity 236:262 their antitumor bioactivity 236:262 A highly branched arabinogalactan isolated from Larix principis-rupprechtii and subjected to sulfation derivatization to promote their antitumor bioactivity. 30981347 4 25 theme different 547:555 arg1 degrees 557:563 different degrees 547:563 different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80 547:610 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 2 26 theme molecular 353:361 arg1 weight 363:368 molecular weight 353:368 molecular weight 353:368 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 0 27 theme Larix 47:51 arg1 principis-rupprechtii 53:73 Larix principis-rupprechtii 47:73 Larix principis-rupprechtii 47:73 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 7 28 theme toxicity 900:907 arg1 mechanisms 909:918 The toxicity mechanisms 896:918 The toxicity mechanisms 896:918 The toxicity mechanisms were further investigated, and assay results revealed that S-LAGs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30981347 0 29 from activities 95:104 arg1 modification 9:20 Sulfated modification 0:20 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 0:105 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 6 30 theme In 769:770 arg1 tests 790:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests 769:794 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 4 31 dep 0.61 599:602 arg1 0.80 607:610 0.80 607:610 0.80 607:610 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 4 31 dep 0.61 599:602 arg1 to 604:605 to 604:605 to 604:605 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 2 32 theme chemical 404:411 arg1 structures 413:422 chemical structures 404:422 chemical structures 404:422 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 4 33 theme different 617:625 arg1 Mw 627:628 different Mw 617:628 different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa 617:660 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 8 34 theme cancer 1233:1238 arg1 forms 1224:1228 different forms 1214:1228 different forms of cancer 1214:1238 The results obtained in this work offer strong demonstration of modified arabinogalactans as a potential medical substance for treating different forms of cancer. 30981347 2 35 theme Several 265:271 arg1 features 284:291 Several structural features 265:291 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) 265:332 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 2 36 theme structural 273:282 arg1 features 284:291 Several structural features 265:291 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) 265:332 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 6 37 theme cell 857:860 arg1 growth 862:867 cancer cell growth 850:867 cancer cell growth 850:867 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 6 38 theme cancer 850:855 arg1 growth 862:867 cancer cell growth 850:867 cancer cell growth 850:867 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 30981347 1 39 theme Larix 155:159 arg1 principis-rupprechtii 161:181 Larix principis-rupprechtii 155:181 Larix principis-rupprechtii 155:181 A highly branched arabinogalactan isolated from Larix principis-rupprechtii and subjected to sulfation derivatization to promote their antitumor bioactivity. 30981347 7 40 theme cellular 1008:1015 arg1 apoptosis 1017:1025 cancer cellular apoptosis 1001:1025 cancer cellular apoptosis 1001:1025 The toxicity mechanisms were further investigated, and assay results revealed that S-LAGs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30981347 0 41 theme antitumor 85:93 arg1 activities 95:104 their antitumor activities 79:104 their antitumor activities 79:104 Sulfated modification of arabinogalactans from Larix principis-rupprechtii and their antitumor activities. 30981347 4 42 theme Sulfated 522:529 arg1 products 531:538 Sulfated products 522:538 Sulfated products 522:538 Sulfated products showed different degrees of substitution (DS) ranging from 0.61 to 0.80, and different Mw ranging from 19.24 to 22.03 kDa. 30981347 2 43 theme arabinogalactans 309:324 arg1 features 284:291 Several structural features 265:291 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) 265:332 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 2 44 theme sulfated 300:307 arg1 arabinogalactans 309:324 the sulfated arabinogalactans 296:324 the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) 296:332 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 2 44 theme sulfated 300:307 arg1 S-LAG 327:331 S-LAG 327:331 S-LAG 327:331 Several structural features of the sulfated arabinogalactans (S-LAG) were investigated: molecular weight, monosaccharide constitution, and chemical structures. 30981347 6 45 theme effective 826:834 arg1 inhibitors 836:845 effective inhibitors 826:845 effective inhibitors 826:845 In vitro cancer cell tests demonstrated that S-LAGs were effective inhibitors to cancer cell growth depending on their dosage. 29883703 0 0 theme in 87:88 arg1 application 108:118 in situ transfection application 87:118 in situ transfection application 87:118 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 1 1 used used 163:166 arg2 scaffolds 148:156 nanofibrous scaffolds 136:156 nanofibrous scaffolds 136:156 In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. 29883703 8 2 theme crosslinked 1159:1169 arg1 fibers 1180:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 10 3 theme gene 1577:1580 arg1 delivery 1582:1589 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1558:1589 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1558:1589 To our knowledge, this study may be the first one which dynamically regulates scaffold composition for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 29883703 5 4 theme proliferation 663:675 arg1 rates 677:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates 643:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells 643:698 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 0 5 theme transfection 95:106 arg1 application 108:118 in situ transfection application 87:118 in situ transfection application 87:118 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 9 6 theme dynamic 1356:1362 arg1 system 1364:1369 This dynamic system 1351:1369 This dynamic system 1351:1369 This dynamic system successfully fulfilled the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility. 29883703 6 7 theme ratio 814:818 arg1 reduction 788:796 the reduction 784:796 the reduction of the alginate ratio 784:818 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 2 8 theme more 283:286 arg1 fibers 297:302 the more alginate fibers 279:302 the more alginate fibers 279:302 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 5 9 theme high 744:747 arg1 ratio 749:753 the high ratio 740:753 the high ratio of alginate fibers 740:772 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 6 10 theme alginate 805:812 arg1 ratio 814:818 the alginate ratio 801:818 the alginate ratio 801:818 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 5 11 theme cell 626:629 arg1 morphology 631:640 cell morphology 626:640 cell morphology 626:640 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 7 12 theme fibers 1050:1055 arg1 stability 1028:1036 the stability 1024:1036 the stability of alginate fibers 1024:1055 To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. 29883703 10 13 theme scaffold 1533:1540 arg1 composition 1542:1552 scaffold composition 1533:1552 scaffold composition for substrate-mediated gene delivery 1533:1589 To our knowledge, this study may be the first one which dynamically regulates scaffold composition for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 29883703 1 14 theme in 172:173 arg1 application 193:203 in situ transfection application 172:203 in situ transfection application 172:203 In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. 29883703 7 15 theme transfection 969:980 arg1 efficiency 982:991 transfection efficiency 969:991 transfection efficiency 969:991 To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. 29883703 6 16 theme vectors 896:902 arg1 immobilization 869:882 the immobilization 865:882 the immobilization of nonviral vectors 865:902 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 0 17 dep in 87:88 arg1 situ 90:93 situ 90:93 situ 90:93 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 8 18 theme cell 1246:1249 arg1 uptake 1251:1256 cell uptake 1246:1256 cell uptake 1246:1256 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 5 19 theme bioactivity 647:657 arg1 rates 677:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates 643:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells 643:698 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 5 20 theme incorporated 581:592 arg1 fibers 598:603 the incorporated PCL fibers 577:603 the incorporated PCL fibers 577:603 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 5 21 dep in 521:522 arg1 situ 524:527 situ 524:527 situ 524:527 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 1 22 theme transfection 180:191 arg1 application 193:203 in situ transfection application 172:203 in situ transfection application 172:203 In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. 29883703 0 23 theme alginate 15:22 arg1 degradation 24:34 alginate degradation 15:34 alginate degradation 15:34 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 7 24 theme calcium 1109:1115 arg1 ions 1117:1120 calcium ions 1109:1120 calcium ions 1109:1120 To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. 29883703 5 25 theme PCL 594:596 arg1 fibers 598:603 the incorporated PCL fibers 577:603 the incorporated PCL fibers 577:603 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 7 26 theme ions 1117:1120 arg1 concentrations 1091:1104 the concentrations 1087:1104 the concentrations of calcium ions 1087:1120 To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. 29883703 6 27 theme nonviral 887:894 arg1 vectors 896:902 nonviral vectors 887:902 nonviral vectors 887:902 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 2 28 theme alginate 288:295 arg1 fibers 297:302 the more alginate fibers 279:302 the more alginate fibers 279:302 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 8 29 link crosslinked 1159:1169 arg1 fibers 1180:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 8 30 theme appropriate 1308:1318 arg1 environment 1320:1330 an appropriate environment 1305:1330 an appropriate environment for cell survival 1305:1348 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 9 31 theme gene 1419:1422 arg1 delivery 1424:1431 gene delivery 1419:1431 gene delivery 1419:1431 This dynamic system successfully fulfilled the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility. 29883703 10 32 theme substrate-mediated 1558:1575 arg1 delivery 1582:1589 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1558:1589 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1558:1589 To our knowledge, this study may be the first one which dynamically regulates scaffold composition for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 29883703 8 33 theme cell 1336:1339 arg1 survival 1341:1348 cell survival 1336:1348 cell survival 1336:1348 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 0 34 theme degradation 24:34 arg1 control 4:10 The control 0:10 The control of alginate degradation 0:34 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 9 35 theme delivery 1424:1431 arg1 requirements 1398:1409 the requirements 1394:1409 the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility 1394:1452 This dynamic system successfully fulfilled the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility. 29883703 2 36 theme /DNA 228:231 arg1 complexes 233:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes 206:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes 206:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 5 37 theme transfection 529:540 arg1 results 542:548 The in situ transfection results 517:548 The in situ transfection results 517:548 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 3 38 theme cell 392:395 arg1 adhesion 397:404 cell adhesion 392:404 cell adhesion 392:404 However, alginate was not favorable for cell adhesion. 29883703 8 39 theme nanoparticle 1218:1229 arg1 adsorption 1231:1240 nanoparticle adsorption 1218:1240 nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake 1218:1256 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 5 40 theme surface 686:692 arg1 cells 694:698 surface cells 686:698 surface cells 686:698 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 5 41 theme fibers 767:772 arg1 ratio 749:753 the high ratio 740:753 the high ratio of alginate fibers 740:772 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 9 42 theme biocompatibility 1437:1452 arg1 requirements 1398:1409 the requirements 1394:1409 the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility 1394:1452 This dynamic system successfully fulfilled the requirements of both gene delivery and biocompatibility. 29883703 5 43 theme cells 694:698 arg1 rates 677:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates 643:681 the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells 643:698 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 4 44 theme poly 418:421 arg1 nanofibers 446:455 poly (ε‑caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers 418:455 poly (ε‑caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers 418:455 Therefore, poly (ε‑caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers were electrospun with alginate to improve biocompatibility. 29883703 1 45 dep in 172:173 arg1 situ 175:178 situ 175:178 situ 175:178 In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. 29883703 2 46 theme transfection 327:338 arg1 efficiency 340:349 the higher transfection efficiency 316:349 the higher transfection efficiency 316:349 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 6 47 theme fibers 949:954 arg1 density 929:935 the density 925:935 the density of alginate fibers 925:954 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 2 48 theme Polyethylenimine 206:221 arg1 complexes 233:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes 206:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes 206:241 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 7 49 theme alginate 1041:1048 arg1 fibers 1050:1055 alginate fibers 1041:1055 alginate fibers 1041:1055 To maintain transfection efficiency and increase biocompatibility, the stability of alginate fibers were manipulated by adjusting the concentrations of calcium ions during crosslinking. 29883703 2 50 theme higher 320:325 arg1 efficiency 340:349 the higher transfection efficiency 316:349 the higher transfection efficiency 316:349 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 8 51 theme alginate 1171:1178 arg1 fibers 1180:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers 1143:1185 These partially crosslinked alginate fibers were initially intact to allow nanoparticle adsorption for cell uptake, and then gradually degraded in days to create an appropriate environment for cell survival. 29883703 6 52 theme transfection 833:844 arg1 efficiency 846:855 transfection efficiency 833:855 transfection efficiency 833:855 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 2 53 theme alginate 255:262 arg1 nanofibers 264:273 alginate nanofibers 255:273 alginate nanofibers 255:273 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 5 54 theme alginate 758:765 arg1 fibers 767:772 alginate fibers 758:772 alginate fibers 758:772 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 29883703 1 55 theme nanofibrous 136:146 arg1 scaffolds 148:156 nanofibrous scaffolds 136:156 nanofibrous scaffolds 136:156 In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds were used for in situ transfection application. 29883703 2 56 dep adsorbed 243:250 arg1 so 276:277 so 276:277 so 276:277 Polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes adsorbed to alginate nanofibers, so the more alginate fibers resulted in the higher transfection efficiency. 29883703 0 57 theme scaffold 62:69 arg1 composition 71:81 scaffold composition 62:81 scaffold composition 62:81 The control of alginate degradation to dynamically manipulate scaffold composition for in situ transfection application. 29883703 6 58 theme alginate 940:947 arg1 fibers 949:954 alginate fibers 940:954 alginate fibers 940:954 However, the reduction of the alginate ratio may decrease transfection efficiency because the immobilization of nonviral vectors linearly depended on the density of alginate fibers. 29883703 5 59 theme in 521:522 arg1 results 542:548 The in situ transfection results 517:548 The in situ transfection results 517:548 The in situ transfection results demonstrated that although the incorporated PCL fibers effectively improved cell morphology, the bioactivity and proliferation rates of surface cells were not significantly increased due to the high ratio of alginate fibers. 31751745 0 0 theme surface 111:117 arg1 resonance 127:135 surface plasmon resonance 111:135 surface plasmon resonance 111:135 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 5 1 theme CHT 1023:1025 arg1 solutions 1027:1035 the CHT solutions 1019:1035 the CHT solutions 1019:1035 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 2 dep increases 887:895 arg1 2 854:854 2 854:854 2 854:854 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 3 theme molecules 809:817 arg1 amount 795:800 the amount 791:800 the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 791:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 3 theme molecules 809:817 arg1 molecules 809:817 PAC molecules 805:817 PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 805:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 3 4 dep size 626:629 arg1 the 622:624 the 622:624 the 622:624 These parameters also affect the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 3 5 theme PAC-CHT 649:655 arg1 NPs 657:659 PAC-CHT NPs 649:659 PAC-CHT NPs 649:659 These parameters also affect the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 6 from interactions 725:736 arg1 ways 756:759 two ways 752:759 two ways 752:759 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 7 dep solution 705:712 arg1 impact 714:719 impact 714:719 impact 714:719 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 1 8 theme spontaneous 276:286 arg1 formation 288:296 the spontaneous formation 272:296 the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs) 272:345 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 0 9 from Characterization 0:15 arg1 formulation 66:76 the formulation 62:76 the formulation of composite nanoparticles 62:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 0 10 theme plasmon 119:125 arg1 resonance 127:135 surface plasmon resonance 111:135 surface plasmon resonance 111:135 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 4 11 dep increases 781:789 arg1 1 763:763 1 763:763 1 763:763 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 11 dep increases 781:789 arg1 pH 695:696 pH 695:696 pH 695:696 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 11 dep increases 781:789 arg1 MW 688:689 CHT MW 684:689 CHT MW 684:689 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 12 theme solution 705:712 arg1 pH 695:696 pH 695:696 pH 695:696 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 12 theme solution 705:712 arg1 MW 688:689 CHT MW 684:689 CHT MW 684:689 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 13 theme solutions 877:885 arg1 pH 863:864 lower pH 857:864 lower pH of the CHT solutions 857:885 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 0 14 from formulation 66:76 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles 0:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 4 15 theme greater 766:772 arg1 MW 778:779 greater CHT MW 766:779 greater CHT MW 766:779 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 7 16 from interaction 1244:1254 arg1 effect 1219:1224 the effect 1215:1224 the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs 1215:1336 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 17 theme infrared 419:426 arg1 spectroscopy 428:439 infrared spectroscopy 419:439 infrared spectroscopy 419:439 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 18 theme weight 519:524 arg1 effect 495:500 the effect 491:500 the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs 491:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 19 attach attach 927:932 arg2 molecules 912:920 the amount PAC molecules 897:920 the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 897:949 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 19 attach attach 927:932 arg1 chain 945:949 the CHT chain 937:949 the CHT chain 937:949 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 20 theme amount 901:906 arg1 molecules 912:920 the amount PAC molecules 897:920 the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 897:949 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 5 21 theme higher 975:980 arg1 concentration 994:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 22 theme NPs 588:590 arg1 formulation 565:575 the formulation 561:575 the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs 561:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 23 theme molecular 509:517 arg1 MW 527:528 MW 527:528 MW 527:528 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 23 theme molecular 509:517 arg1 weight 519:524 CHT molecular weight 505:524 CHT molecular weight (MW) 505:529 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 24 theme changes 1229:1235 arg1 effect 1219:1224 the effect 1215:1224 the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs 1215:1336 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 6 25 theme NPs 1141:1143 arg1 size 1125:1128 the size 1121:1128 the size of PAC-CHT NPs 1121:1143 In contrast, greater PAC concentrations decreases the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 1 26 theme PAC-CHT 301:307 arg1 nanoparticles 319:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles 301:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs) 301:345 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 1 26 theme PAC-CHT 301:307 arg1 NPs 342:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 2 27 theme PAC-CHT 580:586 arg1 NPs 588:590 PAC-CHT NPs 580:590 PAC-CHT NPs 580:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 6 28 theme PAC 1092:1094 arg1 concentrations 1096:1109 greater PAC concentrations 1084:1109 greater PAC concentrations 1084:1109 In contrast, greater PAC concentrations decreases the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 0 29 theme interactions 46:57 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles 0:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 1 30 theme composite 309:317 arg1 nanoparticles 319:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles 301:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs) 301:345 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 1 30 theme composite 309:317 arg1 NPs 342:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 2 31 theme CHT 539:541 arg1 ratios 543:548 CHT ratios 539:548 CHT ratios 539:548 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 32 theme surface 446:452 arg1 SPR 473:475 SPR 473:475 SPR 473:475 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 32 theme surface 446:452 arg1 resonance 462:470 surface plasmon resonance 446:470 surface plasmon resonance (SPR) 446:476 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 33 theme plasmon 454:460 arg1 SPR 473:475 SPR 473:475 SPR 473:475 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 33 theme plasmon 454:460 arg1 resonance 462:470 surface plasmon resonance 446:470 surface plasmon resonance (SPR) 446:476 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 1 34 theme nanoparticles 319:331 arg1 formation 288:296 the spontaneous formation 272:296 the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs) 272:345 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 1 35 theme hydrogen 217:224 arg1 bonding 226:232 hydrogen bonding 217:232 hydrogen bonding 217:232 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 4 36 theme CHT 873:875 arg1 solutions 877:885 the CHT solutions 869:885 the CHT solutions 869:885 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 5 37 theme solutions 1027:1035 arg1 concentration 994:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 5 37 theme solutions 1027:1035 arg1 pH 1013:1014 pH 1013:1014 pH of the CHT solutions 1013:1035 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 38 theme PAC 532:534 arg1 effect 495:500 the effect 491:500 the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs 491:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 39 from effect 495:500 arg1 formulation 565:575 the formulation 561:575 the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs 561:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 40 attach attach 824:829 arg2 molecules 809:817 PAC molecules 805:817 PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 805:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 40 attach attach 824:829 arg1 chain 842:846 the CHT chain 834:846 the CHT chain 834:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 1 41 theme PAC-CHT 334:340 arg1 nanoparticles 319:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles 301:331 PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs) 301:345 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 1 41 theme PAC-CHT 334:340 arg1 NPs 342:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 PAC-CHT NPs 334:344 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 4 42 theme CHT 838:840 arg1 chain 842:846 the CHT chain 834:846 the CHT chain 834:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 7 43 theme PAC-CHT 1326:1332 arg1 NPs 1334:1336 PAC-CHT NPs 1326:1336 PAC-CHT NPs 1326:1336 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 44 theme NPs 1334:1336 arg1 morphology 1312:1321 morphology 1312:1321 morphology 1312:1321 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 44 theme NPs 1334:1336 arg1 size 1303:1306 size 1303:1306 size 1303:1306 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 45 theme pH 555:556 arg1 effect 495:500 the effect 491:500 the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs 491:590 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 46 theme CHT 505:507 arg1 MW 527:528 MW 527:528 MW 527:528 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 2 46 theme CHT 505:507 arg1 weight 519:524 CHT molecular weight 505:524 CHT molecular weight (MW) 505:529 The interaction between PAC and CHT was characterized by ellipsometry, infrared spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to determine the effect of CHT molecular weight (MW), PAC to CHT ratios, and pH on the formulation of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 47 theme CHT 774:776 arg1 MW 778:779 greater CHT MW 766:779 greater CHT MW 766:779 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 3 48 theme NPs 657:659 arg1 morphology 635:644 morphology 635:644 morphology 635:644 These parameters also affect the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 3 48 theme NPs 657:659 arg1 size 626:629 size 626:629 size 626:629 These parameters also affect the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 49 theme PAC 805:807 arg1 molecules 809:817 PAC molecules 805:817 PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 805:846 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 6 50 theme greater 1084:1090 arg1 concentrations 1096:1109 greater PAC concentrations 1084:1109 greater PAC concentrations 1084:1109 In contrast, greater PAC concentrations decreases the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 51 from effect 1219:1224 arg1 interaction 1244:1254 the interaction 1240:1254 the interaction 1240:1254 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 52 dep size 1303:1306 arg1 the 1299:1301 the 1299:1301 the 1299:1301 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 6 53 theme PAC-CHT 1133:1139 arg1 NPs 1141:1143 PAC-CHT NPs 1133:1143 PAC-CHT NPs 1133:1143 In contrast, greater PAC concentrations decreases the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 54 theme PAC 908:910 arg1 molecules 912:920 the amount PAC molecules 897:920 the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain 897:949 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 55 theme PAC-CHT 741:747 arg1 interactions 725:736 the interactions 721:736 the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways 721:759 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 56 from ways 756:759 arg1 interactions 725:736 the interactions 721:736 the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways 721:759 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 4 57 theme CHT 941:943 arg1 chain 945:949 the CHT chain 937:949 the CHT chain 937:949 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 1 58 theme ion-dipole 238:247 arg1 interactions 249:260 ion-dipole interactions 238:260 ion-dipole interactions 238:260 Chitosan (CHT) interacts with proanthocyanidins (PAC) by a mechanism involving hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions, allowing the spontaneous formation of PAC-CHT composite nanoparticles (PAC-CHT NPs). 31751745 7 59 theme useful 1184:1189 arg1 SPR 1175:1177 SPR 1175:1177 SPR 1175:1177 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 7 59 theme useful 1184:1189 arg1 technique 1191:1199 a useful technique 1182:1199 a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs 1182:1336 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 60 theme CHT 684:686 arg1 MW 688:689 CHT MW 684:689 CHT MW 684:689 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 7 61 from changes 1229:1235 arg1 interaction 1244:1254 the interaction 1240:1254 the interaction 1240:1254 This study demonstrates that SPR is a useful technique for measuring the effect of changes in the interaction between PAC and CHT, which in turn affects the size and morphology of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 5 62 theme NPs 1066:1068 arg1 size 1050:1053 the size 1046:1053 the size of PAC-CHT NPs 1046:1068 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 0 63 theme nanoparticles 91:103 arg1 formulation 66:76 the formulation 62:76 the formulation of composite nanoparticles 62:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 5 64 theme CHT 990:992 arg1 concentration 994:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 higher CHT MW, CHT concentration 975:1006 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 31751745 4 65 theme lower 857:861 arg1 pH 863:864 lower pH 857:864 lower pH of the CHT solutions 857:885 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 0 66 theme composite 81:89 arg1 nanoparticles 91:103 composite nanoparticles 81:103 composite nanoparticles 81:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 0 67 from interactions 46:57 arg1 formulation 66:76 the formulation 62:76 the formulation of composite nanoparticles 62:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 0 68 theme proanthocyanidin-chitosan 20:44 arg1 interactions 46:57 proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions 20:57 proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles 20:103 Characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan interactions in the formulation of composite nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance. 31751745 4 69 from PAC-CHT 741:747 arg1 ways 756:759 two ways 752:759 two ways 752:759 Results indicate that CHT MW and pH of the solution impact the interactions of PAC-CHT in two ways: (1) greater CHT MW increases the amount of PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain, and (2) lower pH of the CHT solutions increases the amount PAC molecules that attach to the CHT chain. 31751745 5 70 theme PAC-CHT 1058:1064 arg1 NPs 1066:1068 PAC-CHT NPs 1058:1068 PAC-CHT NPs 1058:1068 Results also show that higher CHT MW, CHT concentration, and pH of the CHT solutions increase the size of PAC-CHT NPs. 30348026 0 0 theme pilot 78:82 arg1 study 84:88 a pilot study 76:88 a pilot study 76:88 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 3 1 theme human 867:871 arg1 GAGs 878:881 human milk GAGs 867:881 human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities 867:964 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 1 2 theme milk 214:217 arg1 samples 219:225 milk samples 214:225 milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 214:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 3 theme different 894:902 arg1 groups 904:909 the different groups 890:909 the different groups analyzed 890:918 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 4 from risk 1238:1241 arg1 countries 1220:1228 countries 1220:1228 countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1220:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 2 5 theme first 775:779 arg1 week 781:784 the first week 771:784 the first week 771:784 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 2 6 theme significant 537:547 arg1 differences 549:559 no significant differences 534:559 no significant differences 534:559 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 2 7 theme various 712:718 arg1 countries 720:728 the various countries 708:728 the various countries 708:728 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 3 8 theme infestation 1263:1273 arg1 risk 1238:1241 high risk 1233:1241 high risk of infection and/or infestation 1233:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 1 9 theme various 230:236 arg1 countries 238:246 various countries 230:246 various countries 230:246 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 10 theme infant 1062:1067 arg1 formulas 1069:1076 infant formulas 1062:1076 infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1062:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 0 11 from women 46:50 arg1 composition 29:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition 0:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries 0:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 0 12 dep study 84:88 arg1 composition 29:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition 0:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries 0:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 2 13 theme heparan 644:650 arg1 sulfate 652:658 heparan sulfate 644:658 heparan sulfate 644:658 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 2 13 theme heparan 644:650 arg1 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 0 14 theme milk 6:9 arg1 composition 29:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition 0:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries 0:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 2 15 theme life.Results 511:522 arg1 30 days 500:506 30 days 500:506 30 days of life.Results 500:522 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 3 16 theme various 933:939 arg1 counties 941:948 various counties 933:948 various counties 933:948 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 2 17 from countries 720:728 arg1 mothers 695:701 the mothers 691:701 the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter 691:824 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 0 18 theme Human 0:4 arg1 composition 29:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition 0:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries 0:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 1 19 theme countries 238:246 arg1 samples 219:225 milk samples 214:225 milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 214:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 20 from effects 1189:1195 arg1 newborns 1200:1207 newborns 1200:1207 newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1200:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 21 theme infection 1246:1254 arg1 risk 1238:1241 high risk 1233:1241 high risk of infection and/or infestation 1233:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 0 22 theme glycosaminoglycan 11:27 arg1 composition 29:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition 0:39 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries 0:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 1 23 theme ethnicities.Methods 252:270 arg1 samples 219:225 milk samples 214:225 milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 214:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 24 theme necessary 1145:1153 arg1 sulfate 1104:1110 chondroitin sulfate 1092:1110 chondroitin sulfate (CS) 1092:1115 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 24 theme necessary 1145:1153 arg1 CS 1113:1114 CS 1113:1114 CS 1113:1114 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 2 25 theme hyaluronic 664:673 arg1 acid 675:678 hyaluronic acid 664:678 hyaluronic acid 664:678 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 2 25 theme hyaluronic 664:673 arg1 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 1 26 theme glycosaminoglycans 178:195 arg1 structure 150:158 structure 150:158 structure 150:158 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 26 theme glycosaminoglycans 178:195 arg1 composition 137:147 composition 137:147 composition 137:147 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 26 theme glycosaminoglycans 178:195 arg1 properties 164:173 properties 164:173 properties 164:173 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 27 theme heparan 1124:1130 arg1 HS 1141:1142 HS 1141:1142 HS 1141:1142 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 27 theme heparan 1124:1130 arg1 sulfate 1132:1138 heparan sulfate 1124:1138 heparan sulfate (HS) 1124:1143 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 1 28 from samples 219:225 arg1 present 203:209 present 203:209 present 203:209 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 2 29 theme GAGs 610:613 arg1 composition 595:605 the qualitative composition 579:605 the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid 579:678 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 3 30 from differences 852:862 arg1 GAGs 878:881 human milk GAGs 867:881 human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities 867:964 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 0 31 theme different 55:63 arg1 countries 65:73 different countries 55:73 different countries 55:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 1 32 from present 203:209 arg1 samples 219:225 milk samples 214:225 milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 214:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 33 theme studies 1049:1055 arg1 case 1035:1038 the case 1031:1038 the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1031:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 1 34 dep composition 137:147 arg1 the 133:135 the 133:135 the 133:135 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 35 theme east 324:327 arg1 Europe 329:334 east Europe 324:334 east Europe 324:334 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 36 attach present 203:209 arg1 samples 219:225 milk samples 214:225 milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 214:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 36 attach present 203:209 arg2 glycosaminoglycans 178:195 glycosaminoglycans 178:195 glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 178:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 36 attach present 203:209 arg2 GAG 198:200 GAG 198:200 GAG 198:200 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 37 theme human 290:294 arg1 milk 296:299 human milk 290:299 human milk 290:299 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 38 theme high 1233:1236 arg1 risk 1238:1241 high risk 1233:1241 high risk of infection and/or infestation 1233:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 2 39 theme qualitative 583:593 arg1 composition 595:605 the qualitative composition 579:605 the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid 579:678 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 1 40 theme pilot 110:114 arg1 study 116:120 this pilot study 105:120 this pilot study 105:120 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 2 41 theme first 469:473 arg1 week 475:478 the first week 465:478 the first week 465:478 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 3 42 theme significant 840:850 arg1 differences 852:862 no significant differences 837:862 no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities 837:964 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 43 theme milk 873:876 arg1 GAGs 878:881 human milk GAGs 867:881 human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities 867:964 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 44 theme positive 1180:1187 arg1 effects 1189:1195 their possible positive effects 1165:1195 their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1165:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 45 theme possible 1171:1178 arg1 effects 1189:1195 their possible positive effects 1165:1195 their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1165:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 46 theme pilot 1043:1047 arg1 studies 1049:1055 pilot studies 1043:1055 pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1043:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 47 with studies 1049:1055 arg1 formulas 1069:1076 infant formulas 1062:1076 infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation 1062:1273 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 2 48 theme chondroitin 623:633 arg1 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 GAGs 610:613 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 2 48 theme chondroitin 623:633 arg1 sulfate 635:641 chondroitin sulfate 623:641 chondroitin sulfate 623:641 Moreover, 30 samples were obtained during the first week and 20 between 8 to 30 days of life.Results: Overall, no significant differences were observed for the qualitative composition of GAGs, mainly chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and hyaluronic acid, comparing the mothers from the various countries and between the 30 milks obtained during the first week and the 20 samples collected thereafter. 30348026 1 49 dep Objective 91:99 arg1 analyzed 306:313 analyzed 306:313 analyzed 306:313 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 50 theme present 203:209 arg1 GAG 198:200 GAG 198:200 GAG 198:200 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 1 50 theme present 203:209 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 178:195 glycosaminoglycans 178:195 glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods 178:270 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 0 51 theme countries 65:73 arg1 women 46:50 women 46:50 women of different countries 46:73 Human milk glycosaminoglycan composition from women of different countries: a pilot study. 30348026 1 52 theme milk 296:299 arg1 samples 279:285 Fifty samples 273:285 Fifty samples of human milk 273:299 Objective: In this pilot study, we report the composition, structure and properties of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) present in milk samples of various countries and ethnicities.Methods: Fifty samples of human milk were analyzed, 10 from east Europe, 10 from North Africa, 10 from Central Africa, 10 from South America and 10 from Asia. 30348026 3 53 theme chondroitin 1092:1102 arg1 sulfate 1104:1110 chondroitin sulfate 1092:1110 chondroitin sulfate (CS) 1092:1115 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 30348026 3 53 theme chondroitin 1092:1102 arg1 CS 1113:1114 CS 1113:1114 CS 1113:1114 Moreover, no significant differences in human milk GAGs within the different groups analyzed belonging to various counties and ethnicities were observed.Conclusions: These results may be of useful, as in the case of pilot studies with infant formulas enriched with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS) necessary to verify their possible positive effects on newborns feeding in countries at high risk of infection and/or infestation. 31826419 9 0 theme promising 1294:1302 arg1 use 1304:1306 a promising use 1292:1306 a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone 1292:1395 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 7 1 theme cell 1040:1043 arg1 proliferation 1045:1057 cell proliferation 1040:1057 cell proliferation 1040:1057 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 5 2 with agreement 809:817 arg1 composition 844:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 0 3 theme bone 81:84 arg1 repair 86:91 bone repair 81:91 bone repair 81:91 Soy protein hydrolysate grafted cellulose nanofibrils with bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration. 31826419 4 4 dep morphology 519:528 arg1 packing 546:552 packing 546:552 packing 546:552 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 6 5 theme Stem 896:899 arg1 Cells 901:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 7 6 theme adhesion 983:990 arg1 terms 969:973 terms 969:973 terms of cell adhesion 969:990 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 4 7 theme analysis 596:603 arg1 /Scanning 624:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 6 8 theme Mesenchymal 884:894 arg1 Cells 901:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 6 9 theme human 878:882 arg1 Cells 901:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 878:905 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 5 10 theme native 824:829 arg1 composition 844:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 4 11 theme Atomic 673:678 arg1 Microscopy 686:695 Atomic Force Microscopy 673:695 Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 638:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 9 12 from use 1304:1306 arg1 repair 1337:1342 repair 1337:1342 repair 1337:1342 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 9 12 from use 1304:1306 arg1 regeneration 1355:1366 the regeneration 1351:1366 the regeneration 1351:1366 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 1 13 theme cellulose 174:182 arg1 pulp 184:187 cellulose pulp 174:187 cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse 174:219 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 0 14 theme protein 4:10 arg1 hydrolysate 12:22 Soy protein hydrolysate 0:22 Soy protein hydrolysate 0:22 Soy protein hydrolysate grafted cellulose nanofibrils with bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration. 31826419 5 15 dep deposits 735:742 arg1 % 754:754 22.1% 750:754 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - 698:756 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 7 16 theme significant 942:952 arg1 differences 954:964 No significant differences 939:964 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion 939:990 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 2 17 theme groups 301:306 arg1 amidation 277:285 amidation 277:285 amidation of carboxylic groups 277:306 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 9 18 theme biomaterials 1317:1328 arg1 use 1304:1306 a promising use 1292:1306 a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone 1292:1395 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 3 19 theme body 409:412 arg1 fluid 414:418 twice-simulated body fluid 393:418 twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material 393:462 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 0 20 theme Soy 0:2 arg1 hydrolysate 12:22 Soy protein hydrolysate 0:22 Soy protein hydrolysate 0:22 Soy protein hydrolysate grafted cellulose nanofibrils with bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration. 31826419 8 21 theme mineral 1252:1258 arg1 phases 1260:1265 mineral phases 1252:1265 mineral phases 1252:1265 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 9 22 theme tissues 1376:1382 arg1 repair 1337:1342 repair 1337:1342 repair 1337:1342 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 2 23 theme carboxylic 290:299 arg1 groups 301:306 carboxylic groups 290:306 carboxylic groups 290:306 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 4 24 theme Force 680:684 arg1 Microscopy 686:695 Atomic Force Microscopy 673:695 Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 638:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 3 25 theme calcium 351:357 arg1 CaP 371:373 CaP 371:373 CaP 371:373 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 3 25 theme calcium 351:357 arg1 phosphates 359:368 calcium phosphates 351:368 calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation 351:388 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 5 26 theme phosphate 725:733 arg1 deposits 735:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits 698:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - 698:756 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 3 27 theme new 441:443 arg1 material 455:462 a new bioactive material 439:462 a new bioactive material 439:462 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 3 28 theme phosphates 359:368 arg1 precipitation 376:388 calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation 351:388 calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation 351:388 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 1 29 theme TEMPO 111:115 arg1 nanofibers 136:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers 111:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) 111:153 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 1 29 theme TEMPO 111:115 arg1 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 8 30 theme nanofibrillar 1140:1152 arg1 pattern 1154:1160 the nanofibrillar pattern 1136:1160 the nanofibrillar pattern 1136:1160 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 3 31 theme bioactive 445:453 arg1 material 455:462 a new bioactive material 439:462 a new bioactive material 439:462 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 5 32 theme Ca/P 780:783 arg1 ratio 785:789 a Ca/P ratio 778:789 a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63 778:803 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 6 33 theme In 857:858 arg1 response 866:873 In vitro response 857:873 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 857:905 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 4 34 dep Microscopy 660:669 arg1 Microscopy 686:695 Atomic Force Microscopy 673:695 Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 638:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 8 35 theme phases 1260:1265 arg1 precipitation 1235:1247 the ex-novo precipitation 1223:1247 the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases 1223:1265 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 5 36 theme bone 831:834 arg1 composition 844:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 0 37 theme cellulose 32:40 arg1 nanofibrils 42:52 cellulose nanofibrils 32:52 cellulose nanofibrils 32:52 Soy protein hydrolysate grafted cellulose nanofibrils with bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration. 31826419 4 38 theme morphology 519:528 arg1 alteration 505:514 alteration 505:514 alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing 505:552 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 3 39 theme twice-simulated 393:407 arg1 fluid 414:418 twice-simulated body fluid 393:418 twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material 393:462 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 4 40 dep Transform 577:585 arg1 infrared 587:594 infrared 587:594 Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 577:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 2 41 theme protein 226:232 arg1 SPH 247:249 SPH 247:249 SPH 247:249 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 2 41 theme protein 226:232 arg1 hydrolysate 234:244 Soy protein hydrolysate 222:244 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) 222:250 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 7 42 theme significant 1016:1026 arg1 increase 1028:1035 a significant increase 1014:1035 a significant increase in cell proliferation 1014:1057 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 4 43 theme Electron 651:658 arg1 Microscopy 660:669 Transmission Electron Microscopy 638:669 Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 638:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 0 44 theme bioactive 59:67 arg1 signals 69:75 bioactive signals 59:75 bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration 59:108 Soy protein hydrolysate grafted cellulose nanofibrils with bioactive signals for bone repair and regeneration. 31826419 9 45 theme hard 1371:1374 arg1 tissues 1376:1382 hard tissues 1371:1382 hard tissues such as bone 1371:1395 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 9 45 theme hard 1371:1374 arg1 bone 1392:1395 bone 1392:1395 bone 1392:1395 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 8 46 theme phosphates 1110:1119 arg1 presence 1090:1097 The presence 1086:1097 The presence of calcium phosphates 1086:1119 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 4 47 dep Fourier 569:575 arg1 Transform 577:585 Transform 577:585 Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 577:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 2 48 theme Soy 222:224 arg1 SPH 247:249 SPH 247:249 SPH 247:249 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 2 48 theme Soy 222:224 arg1 hydrolysate 234:244 Soy protein hydrolysate 222:244 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) 222:250 Soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was grafted on T-CNF via amidation of carboxylic groups. 31826419 5 49 located detected 763:770 arg2 deposits 735:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits 698:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - 698:756 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 5 49 located detected 763:770 arg1 agreement 809:817 agreement 809:817 agreement with native bone apatite composition 809:854 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 1 50 theme oxidized 117:124 arg1 nanofibers 136:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers 111:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) 111:153 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 1 50 theme oxidized 117:124 arg1 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 8 51 theme ex-novo 1227:1233 arg1 precipitation 1235:1247 the ex-novo precipitation 1223:1247 the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases 1223:1265 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 4 52 theme nanofibrils 534:544 arg1 alteration 505:514 alteration 505:514 alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing 505:552 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 8 53 theme calcium 1102:1108 arg1 phosphates 1110:1119 calcium phosphates 1102:1119 calcium phosphates 1102:1119 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 6 54 theme Cells 901:905 arg1 response 866:873 In vitro response 857:873 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells 857:905 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 1 55 theme cellulose 126:134 arg1 nanofibers 136:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers 111:145 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) 111:153 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 1 55 theme cellulose 126:134 arg1 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 T-CNF 148:152 TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofibers (T-CNF) were prepared from cellulose pulp which is extracted from bagasse. 31826419 9 56 dep repair 1337:1342 arg1 the 1333:1335 the 1333:1335 the 1333:1335 All the results suggest a promising use of these biomaterials in the repair and/or the regeneration of hard tissues such as bone. 31826419 6 57 dep In 857:858 arg1 vitro 860:864 vitro 860:864 vitro 860:864 In vitro response of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells confirmed the biocompatibility. 31826419 5 58 theme crystalline 705:715 arg1 deposits 735:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits 698:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - 698:756 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 3 59 theme material 455:462 arg1 formation 426:434 formation 426:434 formation of a new bioactive material 426:462 Biomineralization was, then, assessed via calcium phosphates (CaP) precipitation in twice-simulated body fluid until formation of a new bioactive material. 31826419 4 60 theme Ray 608:610 arg1 /Scanning 624:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 5 61 theme calcium 717:723 arg1 deposits 735:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits 698:742 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - 698:756 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 8 62 dep cover 1130:1134 arg1 inducing 1163:1170 inducing 1163:1170 inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation 1163:1207 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 8 62 dep cover 1130:1134 arg1 promoting 1213:1221 promoting 1213:1221 promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases 1213:1265 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 4 63 theme /X 605:606 arg1 /Scanning 624:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 5 64 theme apatite 836:842 arg1 composition 844:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 native bone apatite composition 824:854 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 4 65 theme Transmission 638:649 arg1 Microscopy 660:669 Transmission Electron Microscopy 638:669 Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy 638:695 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 31826419 7 66 from differences 954:964 arg1 terms 969:973 terms 969:973 terms of cell adhesion 969:990 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 5 67 theme equal 791:795 arg1 ratio 785:789 a Ca/P ratio 778:789 a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63 778:803 Highly crystalline calcium phosphate deposits - ca. 22.1% - were detected, with a Ca/P ratio equal to 1.63, in agreement with native bone apatite composition. 31826419 7 68 from increase 1028:1035 arg1 proliferation 1045:1057 cell proliferation 1040:1057 cell proliferation 1040:1057 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 8 69 theme proliferation 1195:1207 arg1 inhibition 1176:1185 the inhibition 1172:1185 the inhibition of cell proliferation 1172:1207 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 7 70 theme cell 978:981 arg1 adhesion 983:990 cell adhesion 978:990 cell adhesion 978:990 No significant differences in terms of cell adhesion were recognized while a significant increase in cell proliferation was detected until 7 days. 31826419 8 71 theme cell 1190:1193 arg1 proliferation 1195:1207 cell proliferation 1190:1207 cell proliferation 1190:1207 The presence of calcium phosphates tends to cover the nanofibrillar pattern, inducing the inhibition of cell proliferation and promoting the ex-novo precipitation of mineral phases. 31826419 4 72 theme Diffraction 612:622 arg1 /Scanning 624:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning 596:632 Protein was efficiently grafted without alteration of morphology and nanofibrils packing as reported by Fourier Transform infrared analysis /X Ray Diffraction /Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy / Atomic Force Microscopy. 29444327 6 0 theme 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 arg1 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 0 theme 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 arg1 amounts 996:1002 almost equal amounts 983:1002 almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside 983:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 0 theme 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 arg1 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 8 1 theme structure 1380:1388 arg1 analysis 1390:1397 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis 1351:1397 analysis 1390:1397 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 9 2 from UGT 1668:1670 arg1 benthamiana 1678:1688 N. benthamiana 1675:1688 N. benthamiana 1675:1688 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 1 3 theme small 265:269 arg1 glycosides 280:289 small molecule glycosides 265:289 small molecule glycosides 265:289 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 6 4 theme constant 870:877 arg1 ratios 887:892 constant Vmax/Km ratios 870:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios 847:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 1 5 theme molecule 271:278 arg1 glycosides 280:289 small molecule glycosides 265:289 small molecule glycosides 265:289 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 0 6 theme Disaccharide 94:105 arg1 Transferases 125:136 Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases 94:136 Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases 94:136 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 9 7 dep mono- 1593:1597 arg1 a 1591:1591 a 1591:1591 a 1591:1591 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 3 8 dep In 397:398 arg1 silico 400:405 silico 400:405 silico 400:405 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 7 9 theme Transient 1033:1041 arg1 overexpression 1043:1056 Transient overexpression 1033:1056 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana 1033:1092 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 2 10 theme various 311:317 arg1 roles 330:334 various biological roles 311:334 various biological roles 311:334 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 1 11 theme glycosides 280:289 arg1 biosynthesis 249:260 the biosynthesis 245:260 the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides 245:289 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 7 12 theme geraniol 1283:1290 arg1 synthase 1292:1299 geraniol synthase 1283:1299 geraniol synthase 1283:1299 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 9 13 theme caffeoyl 1649:1656 arg1 UGT92G6 1570:1576 UGT92G6 1570:1576 UGT92G6 1570:1576 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 9 13 theme caffeoyl 1649:1656 arg1 UGT 1668:1670 a caffeoyl glucoside UGT 1647:1670 a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana 1647:1688 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 6 14 theme enzyme 851:856 arg1 specificity 858:868 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios 847:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios 847:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 8 15 theme characteristic 1427:1440 arg1 motif 1421:1425 a sequence motif 1410:1425 a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6 1410:1482 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 6 16 theme caffeic 959:965 arg1 acid 967:970 caffeic acid 959:970 caffeic acid 959:970 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 9 17 theme glucoside 1658:1666 arg1 UGT92G6 1570:1576 UGT92G6 1570:1576 UGT92G6 1570:1576 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 9 17 theme glucoside 1658:1666 arg1 UGT 1668:1670 a caffeoyl glucoside UGT 1647:1670 a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana 1647:1688 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 7 18 from overexpression 1043:1056 arg1 benthamiana 1082:1092 Nicotiana benthamiana 1072:1092 Nicotiana benthamiana 1072:1092 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 0 19 theme Glycoside-Forming 107:123 arg1 Transferases 125:136 Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases 94:136 Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases 94:136 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 3 20 theme VvUGT 419:423 arg1 genes 425:429 VvUGT genes 419:429 VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves 419:466 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 3 21 theme glucoside-forming 560:576 arg1 transferases 578:589 glucoside-forming transferases 560:589 glucoside-forming transferases 560:589 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 3 22 theme In 397:398 arg1 analysis 407:414 In silico analysis 397:414 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves 397:466 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 8 23 theme evolutionary 1499:1510 arg1 link 1512:1515 an evolutionary link 1496:1515 an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1496:1561 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 0 24 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 Analysis 26:33 Structural and Functional Analysis 0:33 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 0:44 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 4 25 theme recombinant 596:606 arg1 UGT92G6 608:614 The recombinant UGT92G6 592:614 The recombinant UGT92G6 592:614 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 9 26 theme N. 1675:1676 arg1 benthamiana 1678:1688 N. benthamiana 1675:1688 N. benthamiana 1675:1688 Thus, UGT92G6 functions as a mono- and diglucosyltransferase in vitro, but acts as a caffeoyl glucoside UGT in N. benthamiana. 29444327 7 27 theme sufficient 1329:1338 arg1 precursor 1340:1348 sufficient precursor 1329:1348 sufficient precursor 1329:1348 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 3 28 dep monosaccharide 528:541 arg1 transferases 578:589 glucoside-forming transferases 560:589 glucoside-forming transferases 560:589 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 8 29 theme Comparative 1351:1361 arg1 sequence 1363:1370 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis 1351:1397 sequence 1363:1370 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 0 30 theme Functional 15:24 arg1 Analysis 26:33 Structural and Functional Analysis 0:33 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 0:44 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 2 31 contain have 306:309 arg2 roles 330:334 various biological roles 311:334 various biological roles 311:334 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 2 31 contain have 306:309 arg1 glycosides 295:304 glycosides 295:304 glycosides 295:304 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 4 32 dep them 646:649 arg1 acid 659:662 caffeic acid 651:662 caffeic acid 651:662 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 4 32 dep them 646:649 arg1 eugenol 676:682 eugenol 676:682 eugenol 676:682 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 4 32 dep them 646:649 arg1 ketone 698:703 raspberry ketone 688:703 raspberry ketone 688:703 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 4 32 dep them 646:649 arg1 carvacrol 665:673 carvacrol 665:673 carvacrol 665:673 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 2 33 theme biological 319:328 arg1 roles 330:334 various biological roles 311:334 various biological roles 311:334 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 7 34 theme UGT92G6 1231:1237 arg1 overexpression 1213:1226 overexpression 1213:1226 overexpression of UGT92G6 1213:1237 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 4 35 theme geranyl 724:730 arg1 glucoside 732:740 geranyl glucoside 724:740 geranyl glucoside 724:740 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 0 36 theme UGT92G6 38:44 arg1 Analysis 26:33 Structural and Functional Analysis 0:33 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 0:44 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 8 37 theme 3-D 1376:1378 arg1 analysis 1390:1397 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis 1351:1397 analysis 1390:1397 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 7 38 theme glucoside 1138:1146 arg1 production 1115:1124 the production 1111:1124 the production of caffeoyl glucoside 1111:1146 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 4 39 theme raspberry 688:696 arg1 ketone 698:703 raspberry ketone 688:703 raspberry ketone 688:703 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 6 40 dep specificity 858:868 arg1 ratios 887:892 constant Vmax/Km ratios 870:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios 847:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 1 41 theme common 224:229 arg1 reactions 231:239 the most common reactions 215:239 the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides 215:289 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 3 42 theme genes 425:429 arg1 analysis 407:414 In silico analysis 397:414 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves 397:466 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 6 43 theme 3- 1011:1012 arg1 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 43 theme 3- 1011:1012 arg1 amounts 996:1002 almost equal amounts 983:1002 almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside 983:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 43 theme 3- 1011:1012 arg1 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 5 44 theme distinct 827:834 arg1 compounds 836:844 distinct compounds 827:844 distinct compounds 827:844 Thus, UGT92G6 formed mono- and diglucosides in vitro from distinct compounds. 29444327 6 45 dep 3- 1011:1012 arg1 the 1007:1009 the 1007:1009 the 1007:1009 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 7 46 theme genes 1268:1272 arg1 co-expression 1251:1263 co-expression 1251:1263 co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor 1251:1348 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 1 47 theme reactions 231:239 arg1 one 208:210 one 208:210 one 208:210 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 1 47 theme reactions 231:239 arg1 reactions 231:239 the most common reactions 215:239 the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides 215:289 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 8 48 theme monoglucoside-forming 1446:1466 arg1 UGTs 1468:1471 monoglucoside-forming UGTs 1446:1471 monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6 1446:1482 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 6 49 theme highest 931:937 arg1 specificity 939:949 the highest specificity 927:949 the highest specificity towards caffeic acid 927:970 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 3 50 theme sequence 500:507 arg1 similarity 509:518 sequence similarity 500:518 sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases 500:589 In silico analysis of VvUGT genes that were highly expressed in leaves identified UGT92G6 which showed sequence similarity to both monosaccharide and disaccharide glucoside-forming transferases. 29444327 8 51 theme mono- 1525:1529 arg1 UGTs 1558:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 7 52 theme caffeoyl 1129:1136 arg1 glucoside 1138:1146 caffeoyl glucoside 1129:1146 caffeoyl glucoside 1129:1146 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 7 53 theme geranyl 1171:1177 arg1 diglucoside 1179:1189 geranyl diglucoside 1171:1189 geranyl diglucoside 1171:1189 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 7 54 theme Nicotiana 1072:1080 arg1 benthamiana 1082:1092 Nicotiana benthamiana 1072:1092 Nicotiana benthamiana 1072:1092 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 4 55 theme citronellyl 746:756 arg1 glucoside 758:766 citronellyl glucoside 746:766 citronellyl glucoside 746:766 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 8 56 theme disaccharide 1535:1546 arg1 UGTs 1558:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 7 57 theme UGT92G6 1061:1067 arg1 overexpression 1043:1056 Transient overexpression 1033:1056 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana 1033:1092 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 2 58 theme UGT 354:356 arg1 genes 358:362 UGT genes 354:362 UGT genes 354:362 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 8 59 from UGTs 1468:1471 arg1 UGT92G6 1476:1482 UGT92G6 1476:1482 UGT92G6 1476:1482 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 8 60 theme sequence 1412:1419 arg1 motif 1421:1425 a sequence motif 1410:1425 a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6 1410:1482 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 7 61 theme diglucoside 1179:1189 arg1 level 1162:1166 the level 1158:1166 the level of geranyl diglucoside 1158:1189 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 4 62 theme caffeic 651:657 arg1 acid 659:662 caffeic acid 651:662 caffeic acid 651:662 The recombinant UGT92G6 glucosylated phenolics, among them caffeic acid, carvacrol, eugenol and raspberry ketone, and also accepted geranyl glucoside and citronellyl glucoside. 29444327 7 63 theme geraniol 1305:1312 arg1 UGT 1314:1316 geraniol UGT 1305:1316 geraniol UGT 1305:1316 Transient overexpression of UGT92G6 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves confirmed the production of caffeoyl glucoside; however, the level of geranyl diglucoside was not elevated upon overexpression of UGT92G6, even after co-expression of genes encoding geraniol synthase and geraniol UGT to provide sufficient precursor. 29444327 6 64 theme Vmax/Km 879:885 arg1 ratios 887:892 constant Vmax/Km ratios 870:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios 847:892 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 1 65 theme UDP-dependent 165:177 arg1 glycosyltransferase 179:197 UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase 165:197 UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) 165:203 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 1 65 theme UDP-dependent 165:177 arg1 UGT 200:202 UGT 200:202 UGT 200:202 Glycosylation mediated by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the most common reactions for the biosynthesis of small molecule glycosides. 29444327 0 66 theme Evolutionary 58:69 arg1 Link 71:74 an Evolutionary Link 55:74 an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases 55:136 Structural and Functional Analysis of UGT92G6 Suggests an Evolutionary Link Between Mono- and Disaccharide Glycoside-Forming Transferases. 29444327 6 67 theme equal 990:994 arg1 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 4-O-glucoside 1018:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 67 theme equal 990:994 arg1 amounts 996:1002 almost equal amounts 983:1002 almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside 983:1030 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 6 67 theme equal 990:994 arg1 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 3- 1011:1012 The enzyme specificity constant Vmax/Km ratios indicated that UGT92G6 exhibited the highest specificity towards caffeic acid, producing almost equal amounts of the 3- and 4-O-glucoside. 29444327 8 68 theme glycoside 1548:1556 arg1 UGTs 1558:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs 1525:1561 Comparative sequence and 3-D structure analysis identified a sequence motif characteristic for monoglucoside-forming UGTs in UGT92G6, suggesting an evolutionary link between mono- and disaccharide glycoside UGTs. 29444327 2 69 theme Vitis 380:384 arg1 grapevine 369:377 grapevine 369:377 grapevine (Vitis vinifera) 369:394 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 29444327 2 69 theme Vitis 380:384 arg1 vinifera 386:393 Vitis vinifera 380:393 Vitis vinifera 380:393 As glycosides have various biological roles, we characterized UGT genes from grapevine (Vitis vinifera). 30779988 0 0 theme compression 101:111 arg1 fractures 113:121 vertebral compression fractures 91:121 vertebral compression fractures 91:121 Inductive co-crosslinking of cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan hydrogels for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 4 1 dep crosslinking 804:815 arg1 1 775:775 1 775:775 1 775:775 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 1 2 theme cement 293:298 arg1 injection 212:220 injection 212:220 injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body 212:322 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 2 theme cement 293:298 arg1 treatment 343:351 the most common treatment 327:351 the most common treatment 327:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 0 3 theme vertebral 91:99 arg1 fractures 113:121 vertebral compression fractures 91:121 vertebral compression fractures 91:121 Inductive co-crosslinking of cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan hydrogels for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 1 4 theme osteoporosis 189:200 arg1 consequence 174:184 a very common consequence 160:184 a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment 160:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 4 theme osteoporosis 189:200 arg1 fractures 146:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 5 5 theme mechanical 1041:1050 arg1 properties 1052:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 4 6 theme material 925:932 arg1 properties 934:943 the material properties 921:943 the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 921:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 6 7 theme neutral 1266:1272 arg1 nanocrystals 1284:1295 neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1266:1295 neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1266:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 4 8 theme bioactive 778:786 arg1 crosslinking 804:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 0 9 theme fractures 113:121 arg1 treatment 78:86 the treatment 74:86 the treatment of vertebral compression fractures 74:121 Inductive co-crosslinking of cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan hydrogels for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 4 10 from incorporation 902:914 arg1 properties 934:943 the material properties 921:943 the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 921:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 11 theme ionic 798:802 arg1 crosslinking 804:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 1 12 theme vertebral 309:317 arg1 body 319:322 the vertebral body 305:322 the vertebral body 305:322 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 6 13 theme higher 1202:1207 arg1 ratios 1241:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios 1202:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1202:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 4 14 theme cellulose 880:888 arg1 incorporation 902:914 cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - 880:916 cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 880:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 2 15 theme biomechanics-matching 437:457 arg1 approach 486:493 an alternative approach 471:493 an alternative approach for treating these fractures 471:522 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 2 15 theme biomechanics-matching 437:457 arg1 products 459:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 5 16 theme optimum 1033:1039 arg1 properties 1052:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 3 17 theme injectable 566:575 arg1 hydrogels 593:601 injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels 566:601 injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity 566:708 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 2 18 theme degradable 416:425 arg1 approach 486:493 an alternative approach 471:493 an alternative approach for treating these fractures 471:522 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 2 18 theme degradable 416:425 arg1 products 459:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 6 19 theme crosslinking 1228:1239 arg1 ratios 1241:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios 1202:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1202:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 2 20 theme alternative 474:484 arg1 approach 486:493 an alternative approach 471:493 an alternative approach for treating these fractures 471:522 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 2 20 theme alternative 474:484 arg1 products 459:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 4 21 theme nanocrystal 890:900 arg1 incorporation 902:914 cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - 880:916 cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 880:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 6 22 theme covalent 1219:1226 arg1 ratios 1241:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios 1202:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1202:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 2 23 theme bioactive 405:413 arg1 approach 486:493 an alternative approach 471:493 an alternative approach for treating these fractures 471:522 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 2 23 theme bioactive 405:413 arg1 products 459:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products 405:466 Recently, there has been growing interest in using bioactive, degradable, and bone biomechanics-matching products as an alternative approach for treating these fractures. 30779988 0 24 theme cellulose 29:37 arg1 co-crosslinking 10:24 co-crosslinking 10:24 co-crosslinking 10:24 Inductive co-crosslinking of cellulose nanocrystal/chitosan hydrogels for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 7 25 theme injectable 1468:1477 arg1 system 1479:1484 an injectable system 1465:1484 an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures 1465:1544 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 1 26 theme Vertebral 124:132 arg1 consequence 174:184 a very common consequence 160:184 a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment 160:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 26 theme Vertebral 124:132 arg1 fractures 146:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 3 27 contain possess 676:682 arg2 osteoinductivity 693:708 inherent osteoinductivity 684:708 inherent osteoinductivity 684:708 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 3 27 contain possess 676:682 arg1 hydrogels 593:601 injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels 566:601 injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity 566:708 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 3 28 theme inherent 684:691 arg1 osteoinductivity 693:708 inherent osteoinductivity 684:708 inherent osteoinductivity 684:708 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 1 29 theme compression 134:144 arg1 consequence 174:184 a very common consequence 160:184 a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment 160:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 29 theme compression 134:144 arg1 fractures 146:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 30 theme non-biodegradable 227:243 arg1 cement 293:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 5 31 theme Mesenchymal 974:984 arg1 cells 991:995 Mesenchymal stem cells 974:995 Mesenchymal stem cells 974:995 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 5 32 theme phosphate 1136:1144 arg1 crosslinker 1152:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 3 33 theme similar 639:645 arg1 strength 630:637 mechanical strength 619:637 mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone 619:663 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 6 34 theme cellulose 1274:1282 arg1 nanocrystals 1284:1295 neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1266:1295 neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1266:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 7 35 theme composite 1401:1409 arg1 hydrogels 1411:1419 these composite hydrogels 1395:1419 these composite hydrogels 1395:1419 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 4 36 dep investigated 721:732 arg1 3 852:852 3 852:852 3 852:852 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 36 dep investigated 721:732 arg1 reinforcing 868:878 reinforcing 868:878 reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 868:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 36 dep investigated 721:732 arg1 genipin 821:827 genipin 821:827 genipin covalent crosslinking 821:849 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 36 dep investigated 721:732 arg1 2 818:818 2 818:818 2 818:818 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 1 37 theme common 336:341 arg1 injection 212:220 injection 212:220 injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body 212:322 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 37 theme common 336:341 arg1 treatment 343:351 the most common treatment 327:351 the most common treatment 327:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 7 38 theme vertebral 1514:1522 arg1 fractures 1536:1544 vertebral compression fractures 1514:1544 vertebral compression fractures 1514:1544 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 5 39 theme ionic 1146:1150 arg1 crosslinker 1152:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 7 40 theme future 1494:1499 arg1 treatment 1501:1509 the future treatment 1490:1509 the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures 1490:1544 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 7 41 theme hydrogels 1411:1419 arg1 osteoinductivity 1375:1390 the significant osteoinductivity 1359:1390 the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels 1359:1419 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 5 42 theme bioactive 1126:1134 arg1 crosslinker 1152:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1122:1162 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 5 43 theme crosslinker 1152:1162 arg1 effects 1111:1117 the biological effects 1096:1117 the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1096:1162 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 3 44 theme mechanical 619:628 arg1 strength 630:637 mechanical strength 619:637 mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone 619:663 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 4 45 theme different 755:763 arg1 factors 765:771 three different factors 749:771 three different factors 749:771 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 7 46 theme fractures 1536:1544 arg1 treatment 1501:1509 the future treatment 1490:1509 the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures 1490:1544 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 6 47 contain possessed 1297:1305 arg2 stability 1342:1350 stability 1342:1350 stability 1342:1350 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 6 47 contain possessed 1297:1305 arg1 hydrogels 1187:1195 hydrogels 1187:1195 hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1187:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 6 47 contain possessed 1297:1305 arg2 strength 1329:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 6 48 with hydrogels 1187:1195 arg1 ratios 1241:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios 1202:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1202:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 5 49 theme biological 1100:1109 arg1 effects 1111:1117 the biological effects 1096:1117 the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker 1096:1162 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 6 50 theme compressive 1317:1327 arg1 strength 1329:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 3 51 dep injectable 566:575 arg1 chitosan-based 578:591 chitosan-based 578:591 chitosan-based 578:591 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 4 52 theme covalent 829:836 arg1 crosslinking 838:849 covalent crosslinking 829:849 covalent crosslinking 829:849 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 53 theme hydrogels 963:971 arg1 properties 934:943 the material properties 921:943 the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels 921:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 6 54 theme desirable 1307:1315 arg1 strength 1329:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 desirable compressive strength 1307:1336 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 5 55 theme stem 986:989 arg1 cells 991:995 Mesenchymal stem cells 974:995 Mesenchymal stem cells 974:995 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 4 56 theme phosphate 788:796 arg1 crosslinking 804:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking 775:815 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 7 57 theme compression 1524:1534 arg1 fractures 1536:1544 vertebral compression fractures 1514:1544 vertebral compression fractures 1514:1544 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 4 58 theme chitosan-based 948:961 arg1 hydrogels 963:971 chitosan-based hydrogels 948:971 chitosan-based hydrogels 948:971 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 4 59 theme factors 765:771 arg1 effects 738:744 the effects 734:744 the effects of three different factors 734:771 First, we investigated the effects of three different factors - 1) bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinking; 2) genipin covalent crosslinking; 3) mechanically reinforcing cellulose nanocrystal incorporation - on the material properties of chitosan-based hydrogels. 30779988 7 60 theme significant 1363:1373 arg1 osteoinductivity 1375:1390 the significant osteoinductivity 1359:1390 the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels 1359:1419 Also, the significant osteoinductivity of these composite hydrogels demonstrated their potential to function as an injectable system for the future treatment of vertebral compression fractures. 30779988 3 61 theme vertebral 650:658 arg1 bone 660:663 vertebral bone 650:663 vertebral bone 650:663 In this research, we focused on creating injectable, chitosan-based hydrogels that can convey mechanical strength similar to vertebral bone as well as possess inherent osteoinductivity. 30779988 1 62 theme common 167:172 arg1 consequence 174:184 a very common consequence 160:184 a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment 160:351 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 62 theme common 167:172 arg1 fractures 146:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures 124:154 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 63 theme polymer 280:286 arg1 cement 293:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 5 64 with hydrogels 1018:1026 arg1 stability 1067:1075 stability 1067:1075 stability 1067:1075 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 5 64 with hydrogels 1018:1026 arg1 properties 1052:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 optimum mechanical properties 1033:1061 Mesenchymal stem cells were then exposed to hydrogels with optimum mechanical properties and stability in order to assess the biological effects of the bioactive phosphate ionic crosslinker. 30779988 6 65 theme ionic 1209:1213 arg1 ratios 1241:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios 1202:1246 higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals 1202:1295 Our results show that hydrogels with higher ionic and covalent crosslinking ratios supplemented with neutral cellulose nanocrystals possessed desirable compressive strength and stability. 30779988 1 66 dep non-biodegradable 227:243 arg1 mechanically-stiff 261:278 mechanically-stiff 261:278 mechanically-stiff 261:278 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 66 dep non-biodegradable 227:243 arg1 non-bioactive 246:258 non-bioactive 246:258 non-bioactive 246:258 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30779988 1 67 theme bone 288:291 arg1 cement 293:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement 225:298 Vertebral compression fractures are a very common consequence of osteoporosis for which injection of a non-biodegradable, non-bioactive, mechanically-stiff polymer bone cement into the vertebral body is the most common treatment. 30991065 5 0 theme initial 706:712 arg1 addition 714:721 the initial addition 702:721 the initial addition of AP 702:727 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 1 1 theme facile 245:250 arg1 method 252:257 a facile method 243:257 a facile method 243:257 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 7 2 dep them 1164:1167 arg1 have 1169:1172 have 1169:1172 have 1169:1172 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 5 3 theme released 616:623 arg1 rate 625:628 the released rate 612:628 the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 612:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 4 4 theme great 550:554 arg1 property 565:572 great swelling property 550:572 great swelling property 550:572 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 5 5 theme non-Fickian 891:901 arg1 diffusion 903:911 non-Fickian diffusion 891:911 non-Fickian diffusion 891:911 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 6 theme composite 673:681 arg1 sponges 683:689 the composite sponges 669:689 the composite sponges 669:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 2 7 theme chemical 276:283 arg1 composition 285:295 chemical composition 276:295 chemical composition 276:295 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 2 8 theme novel 319:323 arg1 sponges 325:331 the novel sponges 315:331 the novel sponges 315:331 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 7 9 theme antibacterial 1128:1140 arg1 activity 1142:1149 excellent antibacterial activity 1118:1149 excellent antibacterial activity 1118:1149 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 3 10 theme honeycomb-like 426:439 arg1 structure 441:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 4 11 theme property 565:572 arg1 porosity 526:533 very high porosity 516:533 very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150% 516:599 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 0 12 theme sponges 53:59 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 0:97 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 4 13 theme swelling 556:563 arg1 property 565:572 great swelling property 550:572 great swelling property 550:572 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 4 14 dep % 540:540 arg1 % 544:544 -95% 541:544 -95% 541:544 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 5 15 theme BG 862:863 arg1 sponges 875:881 BG composite sponges 862:881 BG composite sponges 862:881 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 2 16 theme FTIR 368:371 arg1 spectroscopy 373:384 FTIR spectroscopy 368:384 FTIR spectroscopy 368:384 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 7 17 theme excellent 1118:1126 arg1 activity 1142:1149 excellent antibacterial activity 1118:1149 excellent antibacterial activity 1118:1149 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 7 18 theme obtained 1090:1097 arg1 sponges 1102:1108 the obtained BG sponges 1086:1108 the obtained BG sponges 1086:1108 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 1 19 theme novel 101:105 arg1 sponge 120:125 A novel BG composite sponge 99:125 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin 99:176 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 3 20 theme regular 418:424 arg1 structure 441:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 0 21 theme cellulose 33:41 arg1 sponges 53:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 4 22 theme % 540:540 arg1 porosity 526:533 very high porosity 516:533 very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150% 516:599 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 1 23 theme BG 107:108 arg1 sponge 120:125 A novel BG composite sponge 99:125 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin 99:176 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 3 24 theme pore 464:467 arg1 distribution 469:480 uniform pore distribution 456:480 uniform pore distribution 456:480 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 0 25 theme gelatin/bacterial 15:31 arg1 sponges 53:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 5 26 theme composite 865:873 arg1 sponges 875:881 BG composite sponges 862:881 BG composite sponges 862:881 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 27 from sponges 683:689 arg1 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 27 from sponges 683:689 arg1 ampicillin 648:657 the model drug ampicillin 633:657 the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 633:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 27 from sponges 683:689 arg1 rate 625:628 the released rate 612:628 the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 612:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 1 28 theme composite 110:118 arg1 sponge 120:125 A novel BG composite sponge 99:125 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin 99:176 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 6 29 theme diffusion 991:999 arg1 method 1006:1011 diffusion disk method 991:1011 diffusion disk method 991:1011 More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. 30991065 3 30 theme BG 402:403 arg1 sponges 405:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 7 31 theme wound 1248:1252 arg1 dressings 1254:1262 the wound dressings 1244:1262 the wound dressings 1244:1262 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 7 32 theme various 1194:1200 arg1 applications 1216:1227 various antibacterial applications 1194:1227 various antibacterial applications 1194:1227 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 0 33 theme composite 43:51 arg1 sponges 53:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges 15:59 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 5 34 from rate 625:628 arg1 sponges 683:689 the composite sponges 669:689 the composite sponges 669:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 35 theme AP 726:727 arg1 addition 714:721 the initial addition 702:721 the initial addition of AP 702:727 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 6 36 theme antibacterial 934:946 arg1 activity 948:955 antibacterial activity 934:955 antibacterial activity of BG sponges 934:969 More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. 30991065 7 37 theme BG 1099:1100 arg1 sponges 1102:1108 the obtained BG sponges 1086:1108 the obtained BG sponges 1086:1108 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 3 38 theme uniform 456:462 arg1 distribution 469:480 uniform pore distribution 456:480 uniform pore distribution 456:480 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 0 39 theme potential 64:72 arg1 dressings 88:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 4 40 theme high 521:524 arg1 porosity 526:533 very high porosity 516:533 very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150% 516:599 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 7 41 theme great 1174:1178 arg1 potentials 1180:1189 great potentials 1174:1189 great potentials 1174:1189 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 3 42 theme surface 492:498 arg1 area 500:503 large surface area 486:503 large surface area 486:503 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 3 43 theme fabricated 391:400 arg1 sponges 405:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 5 44 theme model 637:641 arg1 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 44 theme model 637:641 arg1 ampicillin 648:657 the model drug ampicillin 633:657 the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 633:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 4 45 dep 3150 595:598 arg1 to 592:593 to 592:593 to 592:593 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 5 46 theme AP 846:847 arg1 release 849:855 the AP release 842:855 the AP release from BG composite sponges 842:881 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 47 from sponges 875:881 arg1 release 849:855 the AP release 842:855 the AP release from BG composite sponges 842:881 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 7 48 theme antibacterial 1202:1214 arg1 applications 1216:1227 various antibacterial applications 1194:1227 various antibacterial applications 1194:1227 The results demonstrated that the obtained BG sponges exhibit excellent antibacterial activity, thus making them have great potentials in various antibacterial applications, especially in the wound dressings. 30991065 5 49 theme drug 643:646 arg1 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 AP 660:661 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 49 theme drug 643:646 arg1 ampicillin 648:657 the model drug ampicillin 633:657 the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 633:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 3 50 contain have 413:416 arg2 structure 441:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 regular honeycomb-like structure 418:449 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 3 50 contain have 413:416 arg1 sponges 405:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges 387:411 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 2 51 theme sponges 325:331 arg1 structures 301:310 structures 301:310 structures 301:310 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 2 51 theme sponges 325:331 arg1 morphology 264:273 The morphology 260:273 The morphology 260:273 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 2 51 theme sponges 325:331 arg1 composition 285:295 chemical composition 276:295 chemical composition 276:295 The morphology, chemical composition and structures of the novel sponges were characterized by SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. 30991065 5 52 theme ampicillin 648:657 arg1 rate 625:628 the released rate 612:628 the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges 612:689 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 1 53 theme bacterial 141:149 arg1 BC 162:163 BC 162:163 BC 162:163 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 1 53 theme bacterial 141:149 arg1 cellulose 151:159 bacterial cellulose 141:159 bacterial cellulose (BC) 141:164 A novel BG composite sponge comprising of bacterial cellulose (BC) and gelatin has been synthesized using glutaraldehyde as the cross-linker by a facile method. 30991065 6 54 theme sponges 963:969 arg1 activity 948:955 antibacterial activity 934:955 antibacterial activity of BG sponges 934:969 More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. 30991065 0 55 theme wound 82:86 arg1 dressings 88:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 5 56 theme Korsmeyer-Peppas 780:795 arg1 model 797:801 Korsmeyer-Peppas model 780:801 Korsmeyer-Peppas model 780:801 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 6 57 theme disk 1001:1004 arg1 method 1006:1011 diffusion disk method 991:1011 diffusion disk method 991:1011 More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. 30991065 4 58 contain have 511:514 arg1 They 506:509 They 506:509 They 506:509 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 4 58 contain have 511:514 arg2 porosity 526:533 very high porosity 516:533 very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150% 516:599 They have very high porosity of 94%-95% and great swelling property ranging from 3000 to 3150%. 30991065 3 59 theme large 486:490 arg1 area 500:503 large surface area 486:503 large surface area 486:503 The fabricated BG sponges have regular honeycomb-like structure with uniform pore distribution and large surface area. 30991065 6 60 theme BG 960:961 arg1 sponges 963:969 BG sponges 960:969 BG sponges 960:969 More interestingly, antibacterial activity of BG sponges was investigated by diffusion disk method against E.coli, C. albicans and S. aureus. 30991065 0 61 theme natural 74:80 arg1 dressings 88:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 potential natural wound dressings 64:96 Development of gelatin/bacterial cellulose composite sponges as potential natural wound dressings. 30991065 5 62 theme diffusional 738:748 arg1 constant 750:757 the diffusional constant 734:757 the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model 734:801 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 30991065 5 62 theme diffusional 738:748 arg1 n 760:760 n 760:760 n 760:760 Moreover, the released rate of the model drug ampicillin (AP) from the composite sponges depends on the initial addition of AP that the diffusional constant (n) determined using Korsmeyer-Peppas model lies between 0.45 and 0.89, indicating the AP release from BG composite sponges follows non-Fickian diffusion. 31348971 6 0 from wax 1188:1190 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the outer surface 1195:1211 the outer surface of the ARBFs 1195:1224 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 1 1 theme investigation 143:155 arg1 objective 125:133 The objective 121:133 The objective of this investigation 121:155 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 0 2 theme aerial 92:97 arg1 roots 99:103 the aerial roots 88:103 the aerial roots of banyan tree 88:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 4 3 theme X-ray 840:844 arg1 analysis 858:865 the X-ray diffraction analysis 836:865 the X-ray diffraction analysis 836:865 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 6 4 theme atomic 1124:1129 arg1 analysis 1149:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 1 5 theme Banyan 243:248 arg1 tree 250:253 Banyan tree 243:253 Banyan tree 243:253 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 2 6 theme surface 497:503 arg1 roughness 505:513 surface roughness 497:513 surface roughness 497:513 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 6 7 theme microscopic 1137:1147 arg1 analysis 1149:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 6 8 theme alkali 1249:1254 arg1 treatment 1256:1264 the alkali treatment 1245:1264 the alkali treatment 1245:1264 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 4 9 from % 747:747 arg1 % 735:735 76.35% 730:735 76.35% 730:735 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 1 10 theme tree 250:253 arg1 roots 234:238 the aerial roots 223:238 the aerial roots of Banyan tree 223:253 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 5 11 theme analysis 876:883 arg1 results 885:891 Thermal analysis results 868:891 Thermal analysis results 868:891 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 4 12 theme treated 804:810 arg1 ARBFs 812:816 alkali treated ARBFs 797:816 alkali treated ARBFs 797:816 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 2 13 theme chemical 381:388 arg1 composition 390:400 chemical composition 381:400 chemical composition 381:400 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 7 14 theme appropriate 1317:1327 arg1 ARBFs 1304:1308 ARBFs 1304:1308 ARBFs 1304:1308 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 7 14 theme appropriate 1317:1327 arg1 material 1329:1336 the appropriate material 1313:1336 the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics 1313:1391 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 2 15 theme tensile 363:369 arg1 strength 371:378 tensile strength 363:378 tensile strength 363:378 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 2 16 theme crystalline 424:434 arg1 size 436:439 crystalline size 424:439 crystalline size 424:439 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 4 17 theme alkali 797:802 arg1 ARBFs 812:816 alkali treated ARBFs 797:816 alkali treated ARBFs 797:816 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 5 18 theme maximum 908:914 arg1 temperature 928:938 maximum degradation temperature 908:938 maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) 908:947 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 18 theme maximum 908:914 arg1 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 6 19 theme analysis 1149:1156 arg1 results 1079:1085 The results 1075:1085 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1075:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 4 20 dep index 723:727 arg1 % 735:735 76.35% 730:735 76.35% 730:735 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 6 21 from impurities 1173:1182 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the outer surface 1195:1211 the outer surface of the ARBFs 1195:1224 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 4 22 dep size 766:769 arg1 7.74 nm 772:778 7.74 nm 772:778 7.74 nm from 6.28 nm 772:791 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 4 23 theme crystallinity 709:721 arg1 index 723:727 the crystallinity index 705:727 the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) 705:748 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 5 24 theme degradation 916:926 arg1 temperature 928:938 maximum degradation temperature 908:938 maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) 908:947 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 24 theme degradation 916:926 arg1 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 2 25 theme crystallinity 403:415 arg1 index 417:421 crystallinity index 403:421 crystallinity index 403:421 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 3 26 theme cellulose 596:604 arg1 content 606:612 cellulose content 596:612 cellulose content 596:612 The chemical analysis results revealed that after the alkalization cellulose content was improved while hemi-cellulose, lignin and wax content were demised. 31348971 0 27 theme tree 115:118 arg1 roots 99:103 the aerial roots 88:103 the aerial roots of banyan tree 88:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 3 28 theme chemical 533:540 arg1 analysis 542:549 The chemical analysis results 529:557 The chemical analysis results 529:557 The chemical analysis results revealed that after the alkalization cellulose content was improved while hemi-cellulose, lignin and wax content were demised. 31348971 0 29 theme raw 20:22 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of raw and alkali 0:33 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 0 30 theme banyan 108:113 arg1 tree 115:118 banyan tree 108:118 banyan tree 108:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 5 31 theme Thermal 868:874 arg1 results 885:891 Thermal analysis results 868:891 Thermal analysis results 868:891 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 7 32 from reinforcement 1350:1362 arg1 plastics 1384:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 1 33 theme novel 185:189 arg1 suitability 173:183 the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) 169:261 the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics 169:307 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 2 34 theme thermal 442:448 arg1 stability 450:458 thermal stability 442:458 thermal stability 442:458 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 4 35 from 6.28 nm 785:791 arg1 7.74 nm 772:778 7.74 nm 772:778 7.74 nm from 6.28 nm 772:791 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 6 36 theme ARBFs 1220:1224 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the outer surface 1195:1211 the outer surface of the ARBFs 1195:1224 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 0 37 theme alkali 28:33 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of raw and alkali 0:33 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 7 38 theme fibre 1367:1371 arg1 plastics 1384:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 7 39 theme above 1275:1279 arg1 finding 1281:1287 All the above finding 1267:1287 All the above finding 1267:1287 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 0 40 theme natural 47:53 arg1 fibres 66:71 new natural cellulosic fibres 43:71 new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree 43:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 0 41 theme cellulosic 55:64 arg1 fibres 66:71 new natural cellulosic fibres 43:71 new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree 43:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 5 42 theme alkali 997:1002 arg1 ARBFs 1012:1016 alkali treated ARBFs 997:1016 alkali treated ARBFs 997:1016 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 4 43 theme ARBFs 812:816 arg1 enhancement 690:700 The enhancement 686:700 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs 686:816 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 2 44 theme Fundamental 314:324 arg1 properties 326:335 The Fundamental properties 310:335 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness 310:513 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 0 45 theme new 43:45 arg1 fibres 66:71 new natural cellulosic fibres 43:71 new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree 43:118 Characterization of raw and alkali treated new natural cellulosic fibres extracted from the aerial roots of banyan tree. 31348971 1 46 theme fibre 283:287 arg1 plastics 300:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 4 47 theme diffraction 846:856 arg1 analysis 858:865 the X-ray diffraction analysis 836:865 the X-ray diffraction analysis 836:865 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 5 48 theme ARBFs 1012:1016 arg1 temperature 928:938 maximum degradation temperature 908:938 maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) 908:947 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 48 theme ARBFs 1012:1016 arg1 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 48 theme ARBFs 1012:1016 arg1 energy 972:977 kinetic activation energy 953:977 kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs 953:1016 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 48 theme ARBFs 1012:1016 arg1 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 368 °C 941:946 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 49 theme treated 1004:1010 arg1 ARBFs 1012:1016 alkali treated ARBFs 997:1016 alkali treated ARBFs 997:1016 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 1 50 from suitability 173:183 arg1 plastics 300:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 6 51 theme microscopic 1108:1118 arg1 analysis 1149:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 1 52 theme reinforced 289:298 arg1 plastics 300:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 fibre reinforced plastics 283:307 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 6 53 theme outer 1199:1203 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the outer surface 1195:1211 the outer surface of the ARBFs 1195:1224 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 5 54 theme activation 961:970 arg1 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 54 theme activation 961:970 arg1 energy 972:977 kinetic activation energy 953:977 kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs 953:1016 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 6 55 theme force 1131:1135 arg1 analysis 1149:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis 1090:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic analysis exhibited that impurities and wax on the outer surface of the ARBFs were removed after the alkali treatment. 31348971 7 56 theme reinforced 1373:1382 arg1 plastics 1384:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 fibre reinforced plastics 1367:1391 All the above finding concluded that ARBFs is the appropriate material to use as a reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 5 57 theme kinetic 953:959 arg1 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 75.45 kJ/mol 980:991 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 5 57 theme kinetic 953:959 arg1 energy 972:977 kinetic activation energy 953:977 kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs 953:1016 Thermal analysis results confirmed that maximum degradation temperature (368 °C) and kinetic activation energy (75.45 kJ/mol) of alkali treated ARBFs had increased from 358 °C and 72.65 kJ/mol respectively. 31348971 4 58 theme crystalline 754:764 arg1 size 766:769 crystalline size 754:769 crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) 754:792 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 3 59 dep analysis 542:549 arg1 results 551:557 results 551:557 results 551:557 The chemical analysis results revealed that after the alkalization cellulose content was improved while hemi-cellulose, lignin and wax content were demised. 31348971 2 60 theme degradation 469:479 arg1 temperature 481:491 maximum degradation temperature 461:491 maximum degradation temperature 461:491 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 3 61 theme wax 660:662 arg1 content 664:670 wax content 660:670 wax content 660:670 The chemical analysis results revealed that after the alkalization cellulose content was improved while hemi-cellulose, lignin and wax content were demised. 31348971 1 62 dep suitability 173:183 arg1 ARBFs 256:260 ARBFs 256:260 ARBFs 256:260 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 1 62 dep suitability 173:183 arg1 fibre 202:206 fibre 202:206 fibre 202:206 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 31348971 2 63 theme maximum 461:467 arg1 temperature 481:491 maximum degradation temperature 461:491 maximum degradation temperature 461:491 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 2 64 theme ARBFs 340:344 arg1 properties 326:335 The Fundamental properties 310:335 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness 310:513 The Fundamental properties of ARBFs such as density, tensile strength, chemical composition, crystallinity index, crystalline size, thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and surface roughness were studied. 31348971 4 65 from enhancement 690:700 arg1 size 766:769 crystalline size 754:769 crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) 754:792 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 4 65 from enhancement 690:700 arg1 index 723:727 the crystallinity index 705:727 the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) 705:748 The enhancement in the crystallinity index (76.35% from 72.47%) and crystalline size (7.74 nm from 6.28 nm) of alkali treated ARBFs were evidenced by the X-ray diffraction analysis. 31348971 1 66 theme aerial 227:232 arg1 roots 234:238 the aerial roots 223:238 the aerial roots of Banyan tree 223:253 The objective of this investigation is to check the suitability novel cellulosic fibre extracted from the aerial roots of Banyan tree (ARBFs) as reinforcement in fibre reinforced plastics. 30359004 0 0 theme Natural 69:75 arg1 Solvent 91:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 3 1 theme chemical 651:658 arg1 composition 660:670 the chemical composition 647:670 the chemical composition of extracted chitin 647:690 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 1 2 theme natural 217:223 arg1 metabolites 233:243 natural primary metabolites 217:243 natural primary metabolites 217:243 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 7 3 theme crustacean 1130:1139 arg1 shells 1141:1146 crustacean shells 1130:1146 crustacean shells 1130:1146 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 3 4 theme FT-IR 492:496 arg1 spectroscopy 499:510 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 482:510 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 482:510 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 1 5 theme primary 225:231 arg1 metabolites 233:243 natural primary metabolites 217:243 natural primary metabolites 217:243 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 0 6 theme Eutectic 82:89 arg1 Solvent 91:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 5 7 theme relative 920:927 arg1 crystallinity 929:941 a relative crystallinity 918:941 a relative crystallinity of 71% 918:948 The quality of the obtained chitin was superior, and it displayed a relative crystallinity of 71%. 30359004 2 8 theme efficient 258:266 arg1 approach 268:275 A green and efficient approach 246:275 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, 246:322 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 0 9 theme Deep 77:80 arg1 Solvent 91:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 67:97 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 3 10 theme extracted 675:683 arg1 chitin 685:690 extracted chitin 675:690 extracted chitin 675:690 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 11 dep Fourier 464:470 arg1 transform 472:480 transform 472:480 transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 472:609 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 12 theme chitin 685:690 arg1 composition 660:670 the chemical composition 647:670 the chemical composition of extracted chitin 647:690 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 2 13 theme green 248:252 arg1 approach 268:275 A green and efficient approach 246:275 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, 246:322 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 7 14 theme natural 1239:1245 arg1 sources 1247:1253 natural sources 1239:1253 natural sources 1239:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 1 15 theme sustainable 144:154 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 15 theme sustainable 144:154 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 7 16 theme chitin 1107:1112 arg1 production 1114:1123 chitin production 1107:1123 chitin production from crustacean shells 1107:1146 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 3 17 from changes 636:642 arg1 composition 660:670 the chemical composition 647:670 the chemical composition of extracted chitin 647:690 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 18 theme thermogravimetric 513:529 arg1 analysis 531:538 thermogravimetric analysis 513:538 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 513:544 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 18 theme thermogravimetric 513:529 arg1 TGA 541:543 TGA 541:543 TGA 541:543 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 7 19 theme facile 1087:1092 arg1 approach 1094:1101 a green and facile approach 1075:1101 a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells 1075:1146 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 7 20 from applications 1188:1199 arg1 extraction 1208:1217 the extraction 1204:1217 the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources 1204:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 2 21 theme choline 286:292 arg1 acid 309:312 choline chloride-malic acid 286:312 choline chloride-malic acid 286:312 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 2 21 theme choline 286:292 arg1 NADES 317:321 a NADES 315:321 a NADES 315:321 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 1 22 theme nontoxic 157:164 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 22 theme nontoxic 157:164 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 3 23 theme X-ray 547:551 arg1 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 23 theme X-ray 547:551 arg1 diffraction 553:563 X-ray diffraction 547:563 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 547:569 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 7 24 theme green 1077:1081 arg1 approach 1094:1101 a green and facile approach 1075:1101 a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells 1075:1146 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 7 25 theme biopolymers 1222:1232 arg1 extraction 1208:1217 the extraction 1204:1217 the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources 1204:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 0 26 theme Facile 10:15 arg1 Production 17:26 Facile Production 10:26 Facile Production 10:26 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 5 27 theme chitin 880:885 arg1 quality 856:862 The quality 852:862 The quality of the obtained chitin 852:885 The quality of the obtained chitin was superior, and it displayed a relative crystallinity of 71%. 30359004 5 27 theme chitin 880:885 arg1 superior 891:898 superior 891:898 superior 891:898 The quality of the obtained chitin was superior, and it displayed a relative crystallinity of 71%. 30359004 1 28 theme biodegradable 171:183 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 28 theme biodegradable 171:183 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 0 29 theme Chitin 31:36 arg1 Green 0:4 Green 0:4 Green 0:4 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 0 29 theme Chitin 31:36 arg1 Production 17:26 Facile Production 10:26 Facile Production 10:26 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 3 30 theme infrared 482:489 arg1 spectroscopy 499:510 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 482:510 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 482:510 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 6 31 theme harsh 1000:1004 arg1 chemicals 1006:1014 harsh chemicals 1000:1014 harsh chemicals 1000:1014 All of these results were achieved without using harsh chemicals, which can raise environmental issues. 30359004 3 32 used used 616:619 arg2 Fourier 464:470 Fourier 464:470 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 464:609 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 5 33 theme % 948:948 arg1 crystallinity 929:941 a relative crystallinity 918:941 a relative crystallinity of 71% 918:948 The quality of the obtained chitin was superior, and it displayed a relative crystallinity of 71%. 30359004 7 34 from extraction 1208:1217 arg1 sources 1247:1253 natural sources 1239:1253 natural sources 1239:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 2 35 theme crustacean 365:374 arg1 shells 376:381 crustacean shells 365:381 crustacean shells 365:381 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 0 36 theme Crustacean 43:52 arg1 Shells 54:59 Crustacean Shells 43:59 Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent 43:97 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 4 37 theme microwave 829:837 arg1 irradiation 839:849 microwave irradiation 829:849 microwave irradiation 829:849 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 0 38 from Shells 54:59 arg1 Green 0:4 Green 0:4 Green 0:4 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 0 38 from Shells 54:59 arg1 Production 17:26 Facile Production 10:26 Facile Production 10:26 Green and Facile Production of Chitin from Crustacean Shells Using a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. 30359004 4 39 theme shrimp 775:780 arg1 shells 782:787 the shrimp shells 771:787 the shrimp shells 771:787 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 1 40 theme Natural 100:106 arg1 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 40 theme Natural 100:106 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 40 theme Natural 100:106 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 41 theme deep 108:111 arg1 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 41 theme deep 108:111 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 41 theme deep 108:111 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 5 42 theme obtained 871:878 arg1 chitin 880:885 the obtained chitin 867:885 the obtained chitin 867:885 The quality of the obtained chitin was superior, and it displayed a relative crystallinity of 71%. 30359004 7 43 from shells 1141:1146 arg1 production 1114:1123 chitin production 1107:1123 chitin production from crustacean shells 1107:1146 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 3 44 theme scanning 576:583 arg1 SEM 606:608 SEM 606:608 SEM 606:608 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 44 theme scanning 576:583 arg1 microscopy 594:603 scanning electron microscopy 576:603 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 576:609 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 1 45 theme eutectic 113:120 arg1 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 NADESs 132:137 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 45 theme eutectic 113:120 arg1 solvents 122:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents 100:129 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) 100:138 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 1 45 theme eutectic 113:120 arg1 solvents 185:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents 144:192 Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) are sustainable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvents, which are composed of natural primary metabolites. 30359004 4 46 attach removed 758:764 arg2 minerals 731:738 minerals 731:738 minerals 731:738 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 4 46 attach removed 758:764 arg2 most 719:722 most 719:722 most 719:722 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 4 46 attach removed 758:764 arg1 shells 782:787 the shrimp shells 771:787 the shrimp shells 771:787 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 4 46 attach removed 758:764 arg2 proteins 744:751 proteins 744:751 proteins 744:751 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 4 47 theme irradiation 839:849 arg1 assistance 815:824 the assistance 811:824 the assistance of microwave irradiation 811:849 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 3 48 theme electron 585:592 arg1 SEM 606:608 SEM 606:608 SEM 606:608 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 3 48 theme electron 585:592 arg1 microscopy 594:603 scanning electron microscopy 576:603 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 576:609 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate changes in the chemical composition of extracted chitin. 30359004 2 49 theme chloride-malic 294:307 arg1 acid 309:312 choline chloride-malic acid 286:312 choline chloride-malic acid 286:312 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 2 49 theme chloride-malic 294:307 arg1 NADES 317:321 a NADES 315:321 a NADES 315:321 A green and efficient approach based on choline chloride-malic acid, a NADES, was developed for extracting chitin from crustacean shells, and its effectiveness for demineralization and deproteinization was determined. 30359004 6 50 theme environmental 1033:1045 arg1 issues 1047:1052 environmental issues 1033:1052 environmental issues 1033:1052 All of these results were achieved without using harsh chemicals, which can raise environmental issues. 30359004 7 51 from sources 1247:1253 arg1 biopolymers 1222:1232 biopolymers 1222:1232 biopolymers from natural sources 1222:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 7 51 from sources 1247:1253 arg1 extraction 1208:1217 the extraction 1204:1217 the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources 1204:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 30359004 4 52 with NADES 800:804 arg1 assistance 815:824 the assistance 811:824 the assistance of microwave irradiation 811:849 The results revealed that most of the minerals and proteins were removed from the shrimp shells by using a NADES with the assistance of microwave irradiation. 30359004 7 53 theme NADESs 1177:1182 arg1 potential 1164:1172 the potential 1160:1172 the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources 1160:1253 This study provides a green and facile approach for chitin production from crustacean shells and reveals the potential of NADESs for applications in the extraction of biopolymers from natural sources. 29323130 0 0 theme induced 66:72 arg1 model 80:84 a surgically induced mouse model 53:84 a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis 53:102 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 0 1 from effect 8:13 arg1 cartilage 40:48 cartilage 40:48 cartilage 40:48 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 5 2 theme non-operated 476:487 arg1 cartilage 495:503 non-operated mouse cartilage 476:503 non-operated mouse cartilage 476:503 SLRP expression was determined in non-operated mouse cartilage. 29323130 1 3 theme human 202:206 arg1 cartilage 208:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) has been demonstrated to be produced and degraded in osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage. 29323130 7 4 theme -/- 625:627 arg1 cartilage 629:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 11 5 from reduction 1289:1297 arg1 process 1341:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 12 6 theme new 1469:1471 arg1 evaluation 1378:1387 the evaluation 1374:1387 the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage 1374:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 12 6 theme new 1469:1471 arg1 tool 1473:1476 a new tool 1467:1476 a new tool for OA prognosis classification 1467:1508 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 8 7 theme OA 826:827 arg1 mice 829:832 OA mice 826:832 OA mice 826:832 Immunohistochemistry of OA mice showed a similar pattern. 29323130 12 8 theme SLRPs 1425:1429 arg1 composition 1396:1406 the composition 1392:1406 the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage 1392:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 11 9 theme activation/inflammatory 1317:1339 arg1 process 1341:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 7 10 theme non-operated 607:618 arg1 cartilage 629:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 2 11 from effect 253:258 arg1 cartilage 285:293 OA cartilage 282:293 OA cartilage 282:293 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 0 12 theme mouse 74:78 arg1 model 80:84 a surgically induced mouse model 53:84 a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis 53:102 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 11 13 from overexpression 1155:1168 arg1 fibromodulin 1257:1268 fibromodulin 1257:1268 fibromodulin 1257:1268 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 0 14 theme osteoarthritis 89:102 arg1 model 80:84 a surgically induced mouse model 53:84 a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis 53:102 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 11 15 theme collagen 1222:1229 arg1 fibers 1231:1236 collagen fibers 1222:1236 collagen fibers 1222:1236 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 8 16 theme mice 829:832 arg1 Immunohistochemistry 802:821 Immunohistochemistry 802:821 Immunohistochemistry of OA mice 802:832 Immunohistochemistry of OA mice showed a similar pattern. 29323130 11 17 theme complement 1306:1315 arg1 process 1341:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 the complement activation/inflammatory process 1302:1347 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 6 18 theme significant 531:541 arg1 protection 543:552 significant protection 531:552 significant protection against cartilage degradation 531:582 OA Optc -/- demonstrated significant protection against cartilage degradation. 29323130 11 19 theme deficiency 1118:1127 arg1 effect 1103:1108 The protective effect 1088:1108 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA 1088:1137 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 6 20 theme cartilage 562:570 arg1 degradation 572:582 cartilage degradation 562:582 cartilage degradation 562:582 OA Optc -/- demonstrated significant protection against cartilage degradation. 29323130 5 21 theme SLRP 442:445 arg1 expression 447:456 SLRP expression 442:456 SLRP expression 442:456 SLRP expression was determined in non-operated mouse cartilage. 29323130 9 22 theme degradation 897:907 arg1 markers 886:892 markers 886:892 markers of degradation and complement factors 886:930 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 3 23 theme 10-week-old 314:324 arg1 mice 348:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 OA was induced in 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice. 29323130 8 24 theme similar 843:849 arg1 pattern 851:857 a similar pattern 841:857 a similar pattern 841:857 Immunohistochemistry of OA mice showed a similar pattern. 29323130 9 25 dep down-regulated 941:954 arg1 p ≤ 0.038 957:965 p ≤ 0.038 957:965 p ≤ 0.038 957:965 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 9 26 theme Optc 866:869 arg1 cartilage 875:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 0 27 theme In 0:1 arg1 effect 8:13 In vivo effect 0:13 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage 0:48 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 10 28 theme OA 1065:1066 arg1 cartilage 1077:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 12 29 from cartilage 1437:1445 arg1 composition 1396:1406 the composition 1392:1406 the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage 1392:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 12 30 theme composition 1396:1406 arg1 evaluation 1378:1387 the evaluation 1374:1387 the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage 1374:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 12 30 theme composition 1396:1406 arg1 tool 1473:1476 a new tool 1467:1476 a new tool for OA prognosis classification 1467:1508 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 12 31 theme different 1415:1423 arg1 SLRPs 1425:1429 the different SLRPs 1411:1429 the different SLRPs in OA cartilage 1411:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 12 32 from SLRPs 1425:1429 arg1 cartilage 1437:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 11 33 theme OPTC 1113:1116 arg1 deficiency 1118:1127 OPTC deficiency 1113:1127 OPTC deficiency 1113:1127 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 11 34 theme protective 1092:1101 arg1 effect 1103:1108 The protective effect 1088:1108 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA 1088:1137 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 10 35 theme Optc 975:978 arg1 cartilage 984:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 2 36 theme in 245:246 arg1 effect 253:258 the in vivo effect 241:258 the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage 241:293 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 0 37 theme deficiency 26:35 arg1 effect 8:13 In vivo effect 0:13 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage 0:48 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 10 38 theme OA 972:973 arg1 cartilage 984:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 0 39 theme opticin 18:24 arg1 deficiency 26:35 opticin deficiency 18:35 opticin deficiency 18:35 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 12 40 theme OA 1482:1483 arg1 classification 1495:1508 OA prognosis classification 1482:1508 OA prognosis classification 1482:1508 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 3 41 theme +/+ 344:346 arg1 mice 348:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 OA was induced in 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice. 29323130 7 42 theme SLRPs 654:658 arg1 expression 640:649 expression 640:649 expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan 640:680 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 5 43 theme mouse 489:493 arg1 cartilage 495:503 non-operated mouse cartilage 476:503 non-operated mouse cartilage 476:503 SLRP expression was determined in non-operated mouse cartilage. 29323130 10 44 dep thinner 1016:1022 arg1 p = 0.038 1046:1054 p = 0.038 1046:1054 p = 0.038 1046:1054 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 3 45 theme -/- 331:333 arg1 mice 348:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice 314:351 OA was induced in 10-week-old Optc -/- and Optc +/+ mice. 29323130 2 46 theme OA 282:283 arg1 cartilage 285:293 OA cartilage 282:293 OA cartilage 282:293 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 9 47 theme complement 913:922 arg1 factors 924:930 complement factors 913:930 complement factors 913:930 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 10 48 theme +/+ 1073:1075 arg1 cartilage 1077:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 11 49 theme epiphycan 1185:1193 arg1 overexpression 1155:1168 an overexpression 1152:1168 an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, 1152:1237 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 11 49 theme epiphycan 1185:1193 arg1 decrease 1245:1252 a decrease 1243:1252 a decrease in fibromodulin 1243:1268 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 10 50 theme collagen 995:1002 arg1 fibers 1004:1009 collagen fibers 995:1009 collagen fibers 995:1009 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 11 51 from decrease 1245:1252 arg1 fibromodulin 1257:1268 fibromodulin 1257:1268 fibromodulin 1257:1268 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 2 52 dep in 245:246 arg1 vivo 248:251 vivo 248:251 vivo 248:251 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 10 53 theme Optc 1068:1071 arg1 cartilage 1077:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 OA Optc +/+ cartilage 1065:1085 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 1 54 theme SLRP 109:112 arg1 OPTC 123:126 OPTC 123:126 OPTC 123:126 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) has been demonstrated to be produced and degraded in osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage. 29323130 1 54 theme SLRP 109:112 arg1 opticin 114:120 The SLRP opticin 105:120 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) 105:127 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) has been demonstrated to be produced and degraded in osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage. 29323130 1 55 theme osteoarthritic 182:195 arg1 cartilage 208:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) has been demonstrated to be produced and degraded in osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage. 29323130 9 56 theme OA 863:864 arg1 cartilage 875:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 4 57 theme weeks 358:362 arg1 cartilage 378:386 cartilage 378:386 cartilage 378:386 Ten weeks post-surgery, cartilage was processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. 29323130 4 57 theme weeks 358:362 arg1 post-surgery 364:375 Ten weeks post-surgery 354:375 Ten weeks post-surgery 354:375 Ten weeks post-surgery, cartilage was processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. 29323130 0 58 dep effect 8:13 arg1 model 80:84 a surgically induced mouse model 53:84 a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis 53:102 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 2 59 theme OPTC 263:266 arg1 deficiency 268:277 OPTC deficiency 263:277 OPTC deficiency 263:277 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 12 60 theme prognosis 1485:1493 arg1 classification 1495:1508 OA prognosis classification 1482:1508 OA prognosis classification 1482:1508 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 2 61 theme deficiency 268:277 arg1 effect 253:258 the in vivo effect 241:258 the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage 241:293 Here, we investigated the in vivo effect of OPTC deficiency in OA cartilage. 29323130 6 62 theme OA 506:507 arg1 Optc 509:512 OA Optc -/- 506:516 OA Optc -/- 506:516 OA Optc -/- demonstrated significant protection against cartilage degradation. 29323130 10 63 theme -/- 980:982 arg1 cartilage 984:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 OA Optc -/- cartilage 972:992 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, collagen fibers were thinner and better organized (p = 0.038) than in OA Optc +/+ cartilage. 29323130 9 64 theme factors 924:930 arg1 markers 886:892 markers 886:892 markers of degradation and complement factors 886:930 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 12 65 from composition 1396:1406 arg1 cartilage 1437:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 1 66 theme OA 198:199 arg1 cartilage 208:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage 182:216 The SLRP opticin (OPTC) has been demonstrated to be produced and degraded in osteoarthritic (OA) human cartilage. 29323130 9 67 theme -/- 871:873 arg1 cartilage 875:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 OA Optc -/- cartilage 863:883 In OA Optc -/- cartilage, markers of degradation and complement factors were all down-regulated (p ≤ 0.038). 29323130 7 68 theme Optc 620:623 arg1 cartilage 629:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 non-operated Optc -/- cartilage 607:637 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 0 69 dep In 0:1 arg1 vivo 3:6 vivo 3:6 vivo 3:6 In vivo effect of opticin deficiency in cartilage in a surgically induced mouse model of osteoarthritis. 29323130 12 70 theme OA 1434:1435 arg1 cartilage 1437:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 OA cartilage 1434:1445 This work suggests that the evaluation of the composition of the different SLRPs in OA cartilage could be applied as a new tool for OA prognosis classification. 29323130 7 71 dep SLRPs 654:658 arg1 lumican 660:666 lumican 660:666 lumican 660:666 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 7 71 dep SLRPs 654:658 arg1 SLRPs 654:658 SLRPs lumican and epiphycan 654:680 SLRPs lumican and epiphycan 654:680 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 7 71 dep SLRPs 654:658 arg1 epiphycan 672:680 epiphycan 672:680 epiphycan 672:680 Data revealed that in non-operated Optc -/- cartilage, expression of SLRPs lumican and epiphycan was up-regulated at day 3 and in 10-week-olds (p ≤ 0.039), and fibromodulin down-regulated in 10-week-olds (p = 0.001). 29323130 11 72 theme lumican 1173:1179 arg1 overexpression 1155:1168 an overexpression 1152:1168 an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, 1152:1237 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 29323130 11 72 theme lumican 1173:1179 arg1 decrease 1245:1252 a decrease 1243:1252 a decrease in fibromodulin 1243:1268 The protective effect of OPTC deficiency during OA results from an overexpression of lumican and epiphycan, known to bind and protect collagen fibers, and a decrease in fibromodulin, contributing to a reduction in the complement activation/inflammatory process. 31499105 0 0 theme dextran-chitosan 77:92 arg1 resin 108:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 1 theme spontaneous 610:620 arg1 adsorption 562:571 the adsorption 558:571 the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin 558:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 1 theme spontaneous 610:620 arg1 adsorption 647:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 2 2 theme samples 320:326 arg1 structure 303:311 structure 303:311 structure 303:311 The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by various testing methods. 31499105 2 2 theme samples 320:326 arg1 morphology 288:297 morphology 288:297 morphology 288:297 The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by various testing methods. 31499105 0 3 theme composite 67:75 arg1 resin 108:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 0 4 from behavior 11:18 arg1 solution 53:60 aqueous solution 45:60 aqueous solution 45:60 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 5 theme single 622:627 arg1 adsorption 562:571 the adsorption 558:571 the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin 558:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 5 theme single 622:627 arg1 adsorption 647:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 6 theme heavy 576:580 arg1 ions 588:591 heavy metal ions 576:591 heavy metal ions 576:591 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 7 theme resin 695:699 arg1 capacities 678:687 the adsorption capacities 663:687 the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ 663:735 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 7 theme resin 695:699 arg1 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 8 theme molecule 629:636 arg1 adsorption 562:571 the adsorption 558:571 the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin 558:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 8 theme molecule 629:636 arg1 adsorption 647:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 9 theme metal 582:586 arg1 ions 588:591 heavy metal ions 576:591 heavy metal ions 576:591 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 6 10 theme good 902:905 arg1 reusability 907:917 good reusability 902:917 good reusability 902:917 In addition, DC resin adsorbent has good reusability. 31499105 0 11 theme macromolecule 94:106 arg1 resin 108:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 67:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 12 theme chemical 638:645 arg1 adsorption 562:571 the adsorption 558:571 the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin 558:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 12 theme chemical 638:645 arg1 adsorption 647:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 13 theme ions 588:591 arg1 adsorption 562:571 the adsorption 558:571 the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin 558:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 13 theme ions 588:591 arg1 adsorption 647:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption 608:656 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 14 theme DC 596:597 arg1 resin 599:603 DC resin 596:603 DC resin 596:603 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 capacities 678:687 the adsorption capacities 663:687 the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ 663:735 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 15 from 20 °C 822:826 arg1 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 4 16 theme kinetics 461:468 arg1 models 499:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models were discussed theoretically. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 capacities 678:687 the adsorption capacities 663:687 the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ 663:735 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 17 from dose 850:853 arg1 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 2 18 theme testing 358:364 arg1 methods 366:372 various testing methods 350:372 various testing methods 350:372 The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by various testing methods. 31499105 4 19 theme adsorption 450:459 arg1 kinetics 461:468 adsorption kinetics 450:468 adsorption kinetics 450:468 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models were discussed theoretically. 31499105 6 20 contain has 898:900 arg1 resin 882:886 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 In addition, DC resin adsorbent has good reusability. 31499105 6 20 contain has 898:900 arg2 reusability 907:917 good reusability 902:917 good reusability 902:917 In addition, DC resin adsorbent has good reusability. 31499105 2 21 theme various 350:356 arg1 methods 366:372 various testing methods 350:372 various testing methods 350:372 The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by various testing methods. 31499105 0 22 theme Adsorption 0:9 arg1 behavior 11:18 Adsorption behavior 0:18 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 0:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 6 23 theme adsorbent 888:896 arg1 resin 882:886 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 In addition, DC resin adsorbent has good reusability. 31499105 2 24 dep morphology 288:297 arg1 The 284:286 The 284:286 The 284:286 The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by various testing methods. 31499105 3 25 theme factors 395:401 arg1 effects 379:385 The effects 375:385 The effects of five factors on the adsorption properties 375:430 The effects of five factors on the adsorption properties were studied. 31499105 0 26 theme heavy 23:27 arg1 ions 35:38 heavy metal ions 23:38 heavy metal ions from aqueous solution 23:60 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 27 theme adsorption 667:676 arg1 capacities 678:687 the adsorption capacities 663:687 the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ 663:735 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 27 theme adsorption 667:676 arg1 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 6 28 theme DC 879:880 arg1 resin 882:886 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 DC resin adsorbent 879:896 In addition, DC resin adsorbent has good reusability. 31499105 1 29 dep ions 247:250 arg1 Pb2+ 271:274 Pb2+ 271:274 Pb2+ 271:274 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 29 dep ions 247:250 arg1 Ni2+ 265:268 Ni2+ 265:268 Ni2+ 265:268 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 29 dep ions 247:250 arg1 Co2+ 259:262 Co2+ 259:262 Co2+ 259:262 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 29 dep ions 247:250 arg1 Cd2+ 277:280 Cd2+ 277:280 Cd2+ 277:280 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 29 dep ions 247:250 arg1 Cu2+ 253:256 Cu2+ 253:256 Cu2+ 253:256 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 0 30 theme ions 35:38 arg1 behavior 11:18 Adsorption behavior 0:18 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 0:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 3 31 theme adsorption 410:419 arg1 properties 421:430 the adsorption properties 406:430 the adsorption properties 406:430 The effects of five factors on the adsorption properties were studied. 31499105 0 32 theme metal 29:33 arg1 ions 35:38 heavy metal ions 23:38 heavy metal ions from aqueous solution 23:60 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 33 theme DC 692:693 arg1 resin 695:699 DC resin 692:699 DC resin 692:699 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 4 34 theme isotherm 490:497 arg1 models 499:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models were discussed theoretically. 31499105 1 35 theme various 227:233 arg1 ions 247:250 various heavy metal ions 227:250 various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+) 227:281 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 0 36 theme aqueous 45:51 arg1 solution 53:60 aqueous solution 45:60 aqueous solution 45:60 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 3 37 from effects 379:385 arg1 properties 421:430 the adsorption properties 406:430 the adsorption properties 406:430 The effects of five factors on the adsorption properties were studied. 31499105 0 38 from solution 53:60 arg1 ions 35:38 heavy metal ions 23:38 heavy metal ions from aqueous solution 23:60 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 0 38 from solution 53:60 arg1 behavior 11:18 Adsorption behavior 0:18 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin 0:112 Adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution onto composite dextran-chitosan macromolecule resin adsorbent. 31499105 5 39 theme adsorbent 840:848 arg1 dose 850:853 adsorbent dose 840:853 adsorbent dose 840:853 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 capacities 678:687 the adsorption capacities 663:687 the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ 663:735 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 184 mg g-1 766:775 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 395 mg g-1 778:787 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 342 mg g-1 742:751 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 232 mg g-1 754:763 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 5 40 from pH = 7 829:834 arg1 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 269 mg g-1 794:803 The results show that the adsorption of heavy metal ions by DC resin is a spontaneous single molecule chemical adsorption, and the adsorption capacities of DC resin for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 342 mg g-1, 232 mg g-1, 184 mg g-1, 395 mg g-1, and 269 mg g-1, respectively at 20 °C, pH = 7 and adsorbent dose is 0.01 g. 31499105 1 41 theme heavy 235:239 arg1 ions 247:250 various heavy metal ions 227:250 various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+) 227:281 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 42 theme metal 241:245 arg1 ions 247:250 various heavy metal ions 227:250 various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+) 227:281 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 43 theme macromolecule 147:159 arg1 resin 161:165 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin 125:165 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin 125:165 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 1 44 theme ultrasonic 186:195 arg1 heating 197:203 ultrasonic heating 186:203 ultrasonic heating 186:203 Dextran-chitosan (DC) macromolecule resin was synthesized by ultrasonic heating and applied to adsorb various heavy metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+). 31499105 4 45 theme thermodynamics 471:484 arg1 models 499:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models 446:504 The adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherm models were discussed theoretically. 31499113 3 0 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 microstructures 504:518 microstructures 504:518 microstructures 504:518 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 0 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 stability 529:537 thermal stability 521:537 thermal stability 521:537 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 0 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 properties 492:501 mechanical properties 481:501 mechanical properties 481:501 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 0 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 preparation 468:478 the preparation 464:478 the preparation 464:478 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 4 1 theme low 777:779 arg1 water-vapor 781:791 low water-vapor 777:791 low water-vapor 777:791 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 2 theme extensive 819:827 arg1 properties 843:852 extensive antibacterial properties 819:852 extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast 819:916 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 3 3 theme thermal 521:527 arg1 stability 529:537 thermal stability 521:537 thermal stability 521:537 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 3 theme thermal 521:527 arg1 properties 492:501 mechanical properties 481:501 mechanical properties 481:501 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 4 4 theme thermal 739:745 arg1 stability 747:755 good thermal stability 734:755 good thermal stability 734:755 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 1 5 theme barrier 273:279 arg1 properties 281:290 good mechanical and barrier properties 253:290 properties 281:290 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 4 6 theme CS/PL 689:693 arg1 biofilms 695:702 CS/PL biofilms 689:702 CS/PL biofilms 689:702 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 7 theme antibacterial 829:841 arg1 properties 843:852 extensive antibacterial properties 819:852 extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast 819:916 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 5 8 theme promising 976:984 arg1 biofilms 963:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 5 8 theme promising 976:984 arg1 materials 1001:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 4 9 theme good 734:737 arg1 stability 747:755 good thermal stability 734:755 good thermal stability 734:755 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 1 10 theme multifunction 175:187 arg1 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 10 theme multifunction 175:187 arg1 materials 199:207 multifunction packaging materials 175:207 multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable 175:230 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 3 11 theme water-vapor 554:564 arg1 permeability 566:577 water-vapor permeability 554:577 water-vapor permeability 554:577 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 11 theme water-vapor 554:564 arg1 preparation 468:478 the preparation 464:478 the preparation 464:478 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 1 12 theme packaging 189:197 arg1 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 12 theme packaging 189:197 arg1 materials 199:207 multifunction packaging materials 175:207 multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable 175:230 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 3 13 theme oil 580:582 arg1 permeability 584:595 oil permeability 580:595 oil permeability 580:595 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 13 theme oil 580:582 arg1 preparation 468:478 the preparation 464:478 the preparation 464:478 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 5 14 theme CS/PL 957:961 arg1 biofilms 963:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 5 14 theme CS/PL 957:961 arg1 materials 1001:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 4 15 dep strong 721:726 arg1 have 729:732 have 729:732 have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast 729:916 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 16 contain have 729:732 arg2 stability 747:755 good thermal stability 734:755 good thermal stability 734:755 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 16 contain have 729:732 arg1 biofilms 695:702 CS/PL biofilms 689:702 CS/PL biofilms 689:702 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 16 contain have 729:732 arg2 transparency 763:774 high transparency 758:774 high transparency 758:774 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 16 contain have 729:732 arg2 properties 843:852 extensive antibacterial properties 819:852 extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast 819:916 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 16 contain have 729:732 arg2 water-vapor 781:791 low water-vapor 777:791 low water-vapor 777:791 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 3 17 theme composite 634:642 arg1 biofilms 650:657 the composite CS/PL biofilms 630:657 the composite CS/PL biofilms 630:657 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 1 18 dep materials 149:157 arg1 have 248:251 have 248:251 have good mechanical and barrier properties 248:290 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 18 dep materials 149:157 arg1 edible 301:306 edible 301:306 edible 301:306 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 2 19 theme /ε-polylysine 393:405 arg1 biofilms 412:419 chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms 380:419 chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms 380:419 In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms with different CS-to-PL ratios. 31499113 0 20 theme antibacterial 35:47 arg1 properties 49:58 antibacterial properties 35:58 antibacterial properties 35:58 Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of biofilms comprising chitosan and ε-polylysine. 31499113 3 21 theme CS/PL 644:648 arg1 biofilms 650:657 the composite CS/PL biofilms 630:657 the composite CS/PL biofilms 630:657 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 1 22 contain have 248:251 arg2 properties 281:290 good mechanical and barrier properties 253:290 properties 281:290 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 22 contain have 248:251 arg1 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 particular 163:172 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 22 contain have 248:251 arg2 mechanical 258:267 mechanical 258:267 mechanical 258:267 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 1 22 contain have 248:251 arg1 materials 199:207 multifunction packaging materials 175:207 multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable 175:230 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 2 23 theme CS-to-PL 436:443 arg1 ratios 445:450 different CS-to-PL ratios 426:450 different CS-to-PL ratios 426:450 In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms with different CS-to-PL ratios. 31499113 1 24 dep particular 163:172 arg1 antibacterial 233:245 antibacterial 233:245 antibacterial 233:245 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 2 25 theme different 426:434 arg1 ratios 445:450 different CS-to-PL ratios 426:450 different CS-to-PL ratios 426:450 In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms with different CS-to-PL ratios. 31499113 2 26 dep /ε-polylysine 393:405 arg1 PL 408:409 PL 408:409 PL 408:409 In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms with different CS-to-PL ratios. 31499113 5 27 theme food-packaging 986:999 arg1 biofilms 963:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 CS/PL biofilms 957:970 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 5 27 theme food-packaging 986:999 arg1 materials 1001:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 promising food-packaging materials 976:1009 Therefore, we therefore conclude that CS/PL biofilms are promising food-packaging materials. 31499113 3 28 theme antibacterial 602:614 arg1 preparation 468:478 the preparation 464:478 the preparation 464:478 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 28 theme antibacterial 602:614 arg1 properties 616:625 antibacterial properties 602:625 antibacterial properties 602:625 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 29 theme biofilms 650:657 arg1 preparation 468:478 the preparation 464:478 the preparation 464:478 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 29 theme biofilms 650:657 arg1 permeability 566:577 water-vapor permeability 554:577 water-vapor permeability 554:577 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 29 theme biofilms 650:657 arg1 permeability 584:595 oil permeability 580:595 oil permeability 580:595 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 3 29 theme biofilms 650:657 arg1 properties 616:625 antibacterial properties 602:625 antibacterial properties 602:625 We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms. 31499113 4 30 theme high 758:761 arg1 transparency 763:774 high transparency 758:774 high transparency 758:774 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 4 31 theme oil 797:799 arg1 permeability 801:812 oil permeability 797:812 oil permeability 797:812 The results demonstrate that CS/PL biofilms are mechanically strong, have good thermal stability, high transparency, low water-vapor and oil permeability, and extensive antibacterial properties that act against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and yeast. 31499113 1 32 theme food-packaging 134:147 arg1 materials 149:157 food-packaging materials 134:157 food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, 134:323 Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. 31499113 0 33 theme biofilms 63:70 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of biofilms comprising chitosan and ε-polylysine. 31499113 0 33 theme biofilms 63:70 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of biofilms comprising chitosan and ε-polylysine. 31499113 0 33 theme biofilms 63:70 arg1 properties 49:58 antibacterial properties 35:58 antibacterial properties 35:58 Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of biofilms comprising chitosan and ε-polylysine. 31500190 0 0 theme Ciprofloxacin 83:95 arg1 Drug 108:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug 83:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application 83:151 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 2 1 theme uniform 430:436 arg1 nanofibers 461:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers 426:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets 426:502 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 1 theme uniform 430:436 arg1 spindle 513:519 shaping spindle 505:519 shaping spindle 505:519 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 1 theme uniform 430:436 arg1 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 4 2 theme " 828:828 arg1 release 830:836 the "burst" release 818:836 the "burst" release of drug 818:844 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 6 3 with cytocompatibility 1197:1213 arg1 cells 1229:1233 Melanoma cells 1220:1233 Melanoma cells 1220:1233 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 6 4 theme wound 1300:1304 arg1 dressing 1306:1313 wound dressing 1300:1313 wound dressing 1300:1313 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 1 5 theme antibiotic 290:299 arg1 drugs 301:305 antibiotic drugs 290:305 antibiotic drugs 290:305 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 4 6 from release 721:727 arg1 nanosheets 756:765 GO nanosheets 753:765 GO nanosheets 753:765 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 1 7 theme nanofibrous 169:179 arg1 membranes 181:189 nanofibrous membranes 169:189 nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) 169:375 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 4 8 theme initial 861:867 arg1 stage 869:873 the release initial stage 849:873 the release initial stage 849:873 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 6 9 theme indicative 1236:1245 arg1 cytocompatibility 1197:1213 excellent cytocompatibility 1187:1213 excellent cytocompatibility 1187:1213 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 5 10 theme antibiotic 1112:1121 arg1 drug 1123:1126 antibiotic drug 1112:1126 antibiotic drug 1112:1126 Nanofibrous membranes showed the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis after the addition of antibiotic drug. 31500190 0 11 theme Antibiotic 97:106 arg1 Drug 108:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug 83:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application 83:151 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 0 12 theme Potential 117:125 arg1 Application 141:151 Potential WoundDressing Application 117:151 Potential WoundDressing Application 117:151 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 4 13 theme drug 781:784 arg1 profile 794:800 the drug release profile 777:800 the drug release profile trend 777:806 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 2 14 theme CS/PVA 454:459 arg1 nanofibers 461:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers 426:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets 426:502 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 14 theme CS/PVA 454:459 arg1 spindle 513:519 shaping spindle 505:519 shaping spindle 505:519 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 14 theme CS/PVA 454:459 arg1 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 6 15 theme Melanoma 1220:1227 arg1 cells 1229:1233 Melanoma cells 1220:1233 Melanoma cells 1220:1233 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 5 16 theme drug 1123:1126 arg1 addition 1100:1107 the addition 1096:1107 the addition of antibiotic drug 1096:1126 Nanofibrous membranes showed the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis after the addition of antibiotic drug. 31500190 4 17 theme drug 921:924 arg1 ratio 934:938 the drug release ratio 917:938 the drug release ratio 917:938 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 4 18 theme release 926:932 arg1 ratio 934:938 the drug release ratio 917:938 the drug release ratio 917:938 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 4 19 theme profile 794:800 arg1 trend 802:806 the drug release profile trend 777:806 the drug release profile trend 777:806 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 1 20 theme electrospinning 399:413 arg1 technique 415:423 the electrospinning technique 395:423 the electrospinning technique 395:423 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 3 21 dep nanosheets 691:700 arg1 GO 688:689 GO 688:689 GO 688:689 Besides, the antibiotic drugs were effectively loaded into the nanofibers and part of which were absorbed into GO nanosheets. 31500190 4 22 theme release 786:792 arg1 profile 794:800 the drug release profile 777:800 the drug release profile trend 777:806 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 5 23 theme Nanofibrous 941:951 arg1 membranes 953:961 Nanofibrous membranes 941:961 Nanofibrous membranes 941:961 Nanofibrous membranes showed the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis after the addition of antibiotic drug. 31500190 0 24 theme Vinyl 27:31 arg1 Chitosan/Poly 12:24 Chitosan/Poly 12:24 Chitosan/Poly 12:24 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 0 24 theme Vinyl 27:31 arg1 Alcohol 33:39 Vinyl Alcohol 27:39 Vinyl Alcohol 27:39 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 1 25 theme graphene 246:253 arg1 oxide 255:259 graphene oxide 246:259 graphene oxide (GO) composites 246:275 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 2 26 dep nanofibers 461:470 arg1 GO 490:491 GO 490:491 GO nanosheets 490:502 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 26 dep nanofibers 461:470 arg1 obtained 477:484 obtained 477:484 were obtained 472:484 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 1 27 theme oxide 255:259 arg1 hydrochloride 354:366 Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 340:366 Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) 340:375 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 1 27 theme oxide 255:259 arg1 composites 266:275 graphene oxide (GO) composites 246:275 graphene oxide (GO) composites 246:275 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 1 27 theme oxide 255:259 arg1 Ciprofloxacin 316:328 Ciprofloxacin 316:328 Ciprofloxacin (Cip) 316:334 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 0 28 theme WoundDressing 127:139 arg1 Application 141:151 Potential WoundDressing Application 117:151 Potential WoundDressing Application 117:151 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 3 29 theme antibiotic 590:599 arg1 drugs 601:605 the antibiotic drugs 586:605 the antibiotic drugs 586:605 Besides, the antibiotic drugs were effectively loaded into the nanofibers and part of which were absorbed into GO nanosheets. 31500190 4 30 dep nanosheets 756:765 arg1 GO 753:754 GO 753:754 GO 753:754 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 5 31 theme enhanced 988:995 arg1 activity 1011:1018 the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity 970:1018 the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis 970:1088 Nanofibrous membranes showed the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis after the addition of antibiotic drug. 31500190 6 32 theme excellent 1187:1195 arg1 cytocompatibility 1197:1213 excellent cytocompatibility 1187:1213 excellent cytocompatibility 1187:1213 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 4 33 theme GO 896:897 arg1 addition 884:891 the addition 880:891 the addition of GO 880:897 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 5 34 theme antibacterial 997:1009 arg1 activity 1011:1018 the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity 970:1018 the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis 970:1088 Nanofibrous membranes showed the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis after the addition of antibiotic drug. 31500190 6 35 theme great 1254:1258 arg1 potential 1270:1278 the great potential potential 1250:1278 the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing 1250:1313 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 0 36 theme Oxide 51:55 arg1 Membrane 69:76 Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane 51:76 Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane 51:76 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 4 37 theme burst 823:827 arg1 " 828:828 the "burst" 818:828 the "burst" release of drug 818:844 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 3 38 dep nanofibers 640:649 arg1 the 636:638 the 636:638 the 636:638 Besides, the antibiotic drugs were effectively loaded into the nanofibers and part of which were absorbed into GO nanosheets. 31500190 4 39 from nanosheets 756:765 arg1 release 721:727 the release 717:727 the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets 717:765 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 4 40 theme drug 841:844 arg1 release 830:836 the "burst" release 818:836 the "burst" release of drug 818:844 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 1 41 theme Ciprofloxacin 340:352 arg1 hydrochloride 354:366 Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 340:366 Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) 340:375 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 1 41 theme Ciprofloxacin 340:352 arg1 CipHcl 369:374 CipHcl 369:374 CipHcl 369:374 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 6 42 theme nanofibrous 1155:1165 arg1 membranes 1167:1175 the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes 1139:1175 the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes 1139:1175 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 6 43 theme potential 1260:1268 arg1 potential 1270:1278 the great potential potential 1250:1278 the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing 1250:1313 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 6 44 theme drug-loaded 1143:1153 arg1 membranes 1167:1175 the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes 1139:1175 the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes 1139:1175 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 2 45 theme shaping 505:511 arg1 spindle 513:519 shaping spindle 505:519 shaping spindle 505:519 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 45 theme shaping 505:511 arg1 nanofibers 461:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers 426:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets 426:502 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 4 46 from absorbed 741:748 arg1 nanosheets 756:765 GO nanosheets 753:765 GO nanosheets 753:765 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 6 47 from applications 1284:1295 arg1 dressing 1306:1313 wound dressing 1300:1313 wound dressing 1300:1313 Moreover, the drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes exhibited excellent cytocompatibility with Melanoma cells, indicative to the great potential potential for applications in wound dressing. 31500190 2 48 theme defect-free 442:452 arg1 nanofibers 461:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers 426:470 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets 426:502 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 48 theme defect-free 442:452 arg1 spindle 513:519 shaping spindle 505:519 shaping spindle 505:519 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 2 48 theme defect-free 442:452 arg1 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 spherical 525:533 The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers were obtained and GO nanosheets, shaping spindle and spherical, were partially embedded into nanofibers. 31500190 4 49 theme absorbed 741:748 arg1 release 721:727 the release 717:727 the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets 717:765 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 0 50 with /Graphene 41:49 arg1 Drug 108:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug 83:111 Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application 83:151 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 1 51 theme vinyl 221:225 arg1 poly 215:218 poly 215:218 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 215:240 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 1 51 theme vinyl 221:225 arg1 alcohol 227:233 vinyl alcohol 221:233 vinyl alcohol 221:233 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 0 52 theme Nanofibrous 57:67 arg1 Membrane 69:76 Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane 51:76 Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane 51:76 Electrospun Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide Nanofibrous Membrane with Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic Drug for Potential WoundDressing Application. 31500190 1 53 dep oxide 255:259 arg1 GO 262:263 GO 262:263 GO 262:263 In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. 31500190 4 54 theme drug 736:739 arg1 absorbed 741:748 the drug absorbed 732:748 the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets 732:765 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31500190 4 55 theme release 853:859 arg1 stage 869:873 the release initial stage 849:873 the release initial stage 849:873 Intriguingly, the release of the drug absorbed in GO nanosheets regulated the drug release profile trend, avoiding the "burst" release of drug at the release initial stage, and the addition of GO slightly improved the drug release ratio. 31489145 5 0 link linked 967:972 arg1 N-glycans 1001:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 2 1 theme neo- 406:409 arg1 antigens 412:419 tumour-associated (neo-) antigens 387:419 tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) 387:450 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 12 2 theme key 2015:2017 arg1 factor 2019:2024 a key factor 2013:2024 a key factor of efficient DC targeting 2013:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 12 2 theme key 2015:2017 arg1 composition 1991:2001 the glycocalyx composition 1976:2001 the glycocalyx composition of EVs 1976:2008 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 9 3 theme dependent 1697:1705 arg1 manner 1707:1712 a DC-SIGN dependent manner 1687:1712 a DC-SIGN dependent manner 1687:1712 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 9 4 theme immune 1608:1613 arg1 binding 1633:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 12 5 theme glycocalyx 2084:2093 arg1 modification 2061:2072 modification 2061:2072 modification of the EV glycocalyx 2061:2093 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 5 6 theme surface 854:860 arg1 profile 869:875 The surface glycan profile 850:875 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 850:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 1 7 theme total 205:209 arg1 cell 242:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell 205:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 11 8 theme high-affinity 1838:1850 arg1 LewisY 1860:1865 LewisY 1860:1865 LewisY 1860:1865 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 11 8 theme high-affinity 1838:1850 arg1 ligand 1852:1857 a high-affinity ligand 1836:1857 a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN 1836:1878 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 2 9 theme enriched 358:365 arg1 source 377:382 an enriched cell-free source 355:382 an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response 355:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 1 10 theme lysate-pulsed 218:230 arg1 cell 242:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell 205:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 8 11 theme glioblastoma 1300:1311 arg1 EVs 1313:1315 glioblastoma EVs 1300:1315 glioblastoma EVs 1300:1315 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 9 12 theme inhibitory 1615:1624 arg1 binding 1633:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 3 13 theme glycan-dependent 589:604 arg1 way 606:608 a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way 554:608 a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way 554:608 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 5 14 theme human 880:884 arg1 EVs 917:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs 880:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 880:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 14 theme human 880:884 arg1 nm 929:930 50-200 nm 922:930 50-200 nm 922:930 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 8 15 theme CD4+ 1493:1496 arg1 activation 1514:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 11 16 theme uptake 1916:1921 arg1 increase 1904:1911 a four-fold increase 1892:1911 a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs 1892:1945 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 5 17 theme glycan 862:867 arg1 profile 869:875 The surface glycan profile 850:875 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 850:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 8 18 dep molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 arg1 CD209 1436:1440 CD209 1436:1440 CD209 1436:1440 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 18 dep molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 arg1 DC-SIGN 1427:1433 DC-SIGN 1427:1433 DC-SIGN 1427:1433 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 12 19 theme glycocalyx 1980:1989 arg1 factor 2019:2024 a key factor 2013:2024 a key factor of efficient DC targeting 2013:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 12 19 theme glycocalyx 1980:1989 arg1 composition 1991:2001 the glycocalyx composition 1976:2001 the glycocalyx composition of EVs 1976:2008 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 8 20 theme CD8+ 1502:1505 arg1 activation 1514:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 4 21 theme glioblastoma 733:744 arg1 EVs 746:748 glioblastoma EVs 733:748 glioblastoma EVs 733:748 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 1 22 theme prevalent 149:157 arg1 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 1 22 theme prevalent 149:157 arg1 tumour 188:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour 140:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation 140:296 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 8 23 theme cell 1509:1512 arg1 activation 1514:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 5 24 theme acid-capped 981:991 arg1 N-glycans 1001:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 2 25 theme extracellular 312:324 arg1 EVs 336:338 EVs 336:338 EVs 336:338 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 2 25 theme extracellular 312:324 arg1 vesicles 326:333 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles 299:333 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) 299:339 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 1 26 theme aggressive 163:172 arg1 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 1 26 theme aggressive 163:172 arg1 tumour 188:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour 140:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation 140:296 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 6 27 theme immune 1070:1075 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 8 28 theme Cell-Specific 1356:1368 arg1 molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin 1346:1424 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) 1346:1441 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 28 theme Cell-Specific 1356:1368 arg1 receptor 1446:1453 a receptor 1444:1453 a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1444:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 3 29 theme glioblastoma 641:652 arg1 EVs 654:656 glioblastoma EVs 641:656 glioblastoma EVs 641:656 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 1 30 theme brain 182:186 arg1 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 1 30 theme brain 182:186 arg1 tumour 188:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour 140:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation 140:296 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 8 31 theme adhesion 1384:1391 arg1 molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin 1346:1424 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) 1346:1441 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 31 theme adhesion 1384:1391 arg1 receptor 1446:1453 a receptor 1444:1453 a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1444:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 0 32 theme dendritic 107:115 arg1 cells 117:121 dendritic cells 107:121 dendritic cells 107:121 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 9 33 theme EV 1577:1578 arg1 surface 1587:1593 the EV glycan surface 1573:1593 the EV glycan surface 1573:1593 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 6 34 theme sialic 1045:1050 arg1 acids 1052:1056 sialic acids 1045:1056 sialic acids 1045:1056 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 4 35 theme transmission 803:814 arg1 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 4 35 theme transmission 803:814 arg1 microscopy 825:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy 778:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM) 778:847 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 11 36 theme monocyte-derived 1926:1941 arg1 DCs 1943:1945 monocyte-derived DCs 1926:1945 monocyte-derived DCs 1926:1945 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 9 37 theme surface 1587:1593 arg1 modification 1557:1568 modification 1557:1568 modification of the EV glycan surface 1557:1593 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 0 38 theme vesicles 58:65 arg1 modification 7:18 Glycan modification 0:18 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 0:65 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 2 39 theme anti-tumour 477:487 arg1 response 496:503 an anti-tumour immune response 474:503 an anti-tumour immune response 474:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 2 40 theme dendritic 430:438 arg1 cells 440:444 pulse dendritic cells 424:444 pulse dendritic cells (DCs) 424:450 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 2 40 theme dendritic 430:438 arg1 DCs 447:449 DCs 447:449 DCs 447:449 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 0 41 theme Glycan 0:5 arg1 modification 7:18 Glycan modification 0:18 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 0:65 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 5 42 theme sialic 974:979 arg1 N-glycans 1001:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 4 43 theme comprehensive 778:790 arg1 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 4 43 theme comprehensive 778:790 arg1 microscopy 825:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy 778:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM) 778:847 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 7 44 theme significant 1210:1220 arg1 binding 1222:1228 significant binding 1210:1228 significant binding 1210:1228 Glioblastoma EVs showed significant binding to Siglec-9, which is highly expressed on DCs. 31489145 5 45 theme complex 993:999 arg1 N-glycans 1001:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 6 46 theme Ig-like 1108:1114 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 0 47 theme extracellular 44:56 arg1 vesicles 58:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 6 48 theme sialic 1088:1093 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 2 49 theme response 496:503 arg1 initiation 460:469 the initiation 456:469 the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response 456:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 9 50 theme EV 1658:1659 arg1 internalization 1661:1675 EV internalization 1658:1675 EV internalization by DCs 1658:1682 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 10 51 theme acid 1747:1750 arg1 hydrolase 1752:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 10 52 theme acid 1789:1792 arg1 expression 1794:1803 sialic acid expression 1782:1803 sialic acid expression 1782:1803 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 6 53 theme Siglec 1159:1164 arg1 ligands 1166:1172 Siglec ligands 1159:1172 Siglec ligands on the EVs 1159:1183 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 10 54 theme sialic 1782:1787 arg1 expression 1794:1803 sialic acid expression 1782:1803 sialic acid expression 1782:1803 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 5 55 theme EVs 917:919 arg1 profile 869:875 The surface glycan profile 850:875 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 850:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 1 56 theme clinical 278:285 arg1 evaluation 287:296 clinical evaluation 278:296 clinical evaluation 278:296 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 12 57 theme efficient 2029:2037 arg1 targeting 2042:2050 efficient DC targeting 2029:2050 efficient DC targeting 2029:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 11 58 theme four-fold 1894:1902 arg1 increase 1904:1911 a four-fold increase 1892:1911 a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs 1892:1945 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 12 59 theme targeting 2042:2050 arg1 factor 2019:2024 a key factor 2013:2024 a key factor of efficient DC targeting 2013:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 12 59 theme targeting 2042:2050 arg1 composition 1991:2001 the glycocalyx composition 1976:2001 the glycocalyx composition of EVs 1976:2008 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 0 60 link glioblastoma-derived 23:42 arg1 vesicles 58:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 3 61 theme receptor-mediated 556:572 arg1 way 606:608 a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way 554:608 a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way 554:608 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 10 62 with Desialylation 1715:1727 arg1 hydrolase 1752:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 10 63 theme expression 1794:1803 arg1 reduction 1769:1777 reduction 1769:1777 reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs 1769:1810 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 5 64 theme line-derived 904:915 arg1 EVs 917:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs 880:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 880:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 64 theme line-derived 904:915 arg1 nm 929:930 50-200 nm 922:930 50-200 nm 922:930 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 11 65 link monocyte-derived 1926:1941 arg1 DCs 1943:1945 monocyte-derived DCs 1926:1945 monocyte-derived DCs 1926:1945 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 10 66 from reduction 1769:1777 arg1 EVs 1808:1810 EVs 1808:1810 EVs 1808:1810 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 2 67 theme cell-free 367:375 arg1 source 377:382 an enriched cell-free source 355:382 an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response 355:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 1 68 theme tumour 211:216 arg1 cell 242:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell 205:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 11 69 theme ligand 1852:1857 arg1 insertion 1823:1831 insertion 1823:1831 insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN 1823:1878 Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. 31489145 1 70 theme dendritic 232:240 arg1 cell 242:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell 205:245 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 12 71 theme EVs 2006:2008 arg1 factor 2019:2024 a key factor 2013:2024 a key factor of efficient DC targeting 2013:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 12 71 theme EVs 2006:2008 arg1 composition 1991:2001 the glycocalyx composition 1976:2001 the glycocalyx composition of EVs 1976:2008 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 8 72 theme Intercellular 1370:1382 arg1 molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin 1346:1424 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) 1346:1441 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 72 theme Intercellular 1370:1382 arg1 receptor 1446:1453 a receptor 1444:1453 a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1444:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 2 73 theme tumour-associated 387:403 arg1 antigens 412:419 tumour-associated (neo-) antigens 387:419 tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) 387:450 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 3 74 theme glycan 619:624 arg1 unknown 661:667 unknown 661:667 unknown 661:667 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 3 74 theme glycan 619:624 arg1 composition 626:636 the glycan composition 615:636 the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs 615:656 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 5 75 theme glioblastoma 886:897 arg1 EVs 917:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs 880:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 880:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 75 theme glioblastoma 886:897 arg1 nm 929:930 50-200 nm 922:930 50-200 nm 922:930 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 8 76 theme T 1507:1507 arg1 activation 1514:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1493:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 77 theme activation 1514:1523 arg1 induction 1480:1488 induction 1480:1488 induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1480:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 77 theme activation 1514:1523 arg1 uptake 1469:1474 uptake 1469:1474 uptake 1469:1474 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 12 78 theme EV 2081:2082 arg1 glycocalyx 2084:2093 the EV glycocalyx 2077:2093 the EV glycocalyx 2077:2093 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 3 79 theme EVs 654:656 arg1 unknown 661:667 unknown 661:667 unknown 661:667 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 3 79 theme EVs 654:656 arg1 composition 626:636 the glycan composition 615:636 the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs 615:656 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 6 80 theme inhibitory 1077:1086 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 8 81 theme Non-integrin 1413:1424 arg1 molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin 1346:1424 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) 1346:1441 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 81 theme Non-integrin 1413:1424 arg1 receptor 1446:1453 a receptor 1444:1453 a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1444:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 4 82 theme EVs 746:748 arg1 composition 718:728 the glycocalyx composition 703:728 the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs 703:748 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 2 83 theme Glioblastoma 299:310 arg1 EVs 336:338 EVs 336:338 EVs 336:338 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 2 83 theme Glioblastoma 299:310 arg1 vesicles 326:333 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles 299:333 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) 299:339 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 12 84 theme anti-cancer 2114:2124 arg1 vaccine 2126:2132 anti-cancer vaccine 2114:2132 anti-cancer vaccine 2114:2132 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 1 85 theme primary 174:180 arg1 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma 124:135 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 1 85 theme primary 174:180 arg1 tumour 188:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour 140:193 the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation 140:296 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 8 86 theme Dendritic 1346:1354 arg1 molecule-3-Grabbing 1393:1411 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin 1346:1424 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209) 1346:1441 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 8 86 theme Dendritic 1346:1354 arg1 receptor 1446:1453 a receptor 1444:1453 a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation 1444:1523 Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. 31489145 0 87 theme cells 117:121 arg1 targeting 94:102 receptor-mediated targeting 76:102 receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells 76:121 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 4 88 theme glycocalyx 707:716 arg1 composition 718:728 the glycocalyx composition 703:728 the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs 703:748 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 9 89 theme glycan 1580:1585 arg1 surface 1587:1593 the EV glycan surface 1573:1593 the EV glycan surface 1573:1593 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 4 90 theme immunogold 792:801 arg1 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 4 90 theme immunogold 792:801 arg1 microscopy 825:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy 778:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM) 778:847 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 1 91 theme cell 242:245 arg1 vaccination 247:257 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination 205:257 Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. 31489145 5 92 theme bi-antennary 1015:1026 arg1 N-glycans 1028:1036 bi-antennary N-glycans 1015:1036 bi-antennary N-glycans 1015:1036 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 4 93 theme electron 816:823 arg1 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 immuno-TEM 837:846 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 4 93 theme electron 816:823 arg1 microscopy 825:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy 778:834 comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM) 778:847 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 5 94 link line-derived 904:915 arg1 EVs 917:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs 880:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 880:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 94 link line-derived 904:915 arg1 nm 929:930 50-200 nm 922:930 50-200 nm 922:930 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 95 theme linked 967:972 arg1 N-glycans 1001:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans 974:1009 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 6 96 theme Siglec 1124:1129 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 4 97 theme lectin-binding 753:766 arg1 ELISA 768:772 lectin-binding ELISA 753:772 lectin-binding ELISA 753:772 Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). 31489145 2 98 theme pulse 424:428 arg1 cells 440:444 pulse dendritic cells 424:444 pulse dendritic cells (DCs) 424:450 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 2 98 theme pulse 424:428 arg1 DCs 447:449 DCs 447:449 DCs 447:449 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 0 99 theme glioblastoma-derived 23:42 arg1 vesicles 58:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles 23:65 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 9 100 theme Siglec 1626:1631 arg1 binding 1633:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 immune inhibitory Siglec binding 1608:1639 Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. 31489145 6 101 theme lectin 1116:1121 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 7 102 theme Glioblastoma 1186:1197 arg1 EVs 1199:1201 Glioblastoma EVs 1186:1201 Glioblastoma EVs 1186:1201 Glioblastoma EVs showed significant binding to Siglec-9, which is highly expressed on DCs. 31489145 6 103 theme acid-binding 1095:1106 arg1 receptors 1132:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors 1070:1140 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 6 104 from ligands 1166:1172 arg1 EVs 1181:1183 the EVs 1177:1183 the EVs 1177:1183 Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. 31489145 0 105 theme receptor-mediated 76:92 arg1 targeting 94:102 receptor-mediated targeting 76:102 receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells 76:121 Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. 31489145 2 106 theme immune 489:494 arg1 response 496:503 an anti-tumour immune response 474:503 an anti-tumour immune response 474:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31489145 3 107 theme EVs 528:530 arg1 uptake 518:523 uptake 518:523 uptake 518:523 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 3 107 theme EVs 528:530 arg1 Capture 506:512 Capture 506:512 Capture 506:512 Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. 31489145 10 108 theme pan-sialic 1736:1745 arg1 hydrolase 1752:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 a pan-sialic acid hydrolase 1734:1760 Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. 31489145 12 109 theme DC 2039:2040 arg1 targeting 2042:2050 efficient DC targeting 2029:2050 efficient DC targeting 2029:2050 In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine. 31489145 5 110 theme cell 899:902 arg1 EVs 917:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs 880:919 human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) 880:931 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 5 110 theme cell 899:902 arg1 nm 929:930 50-200 nm 922:930 50-200 nm 922:930 The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. 31489145 2 111 theme antigens 412:419 arg1 source 377:382 an enriched cell-free source 355:382 an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response 355:503 Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. 31152956 4 0 theme 7-ACCA 673:678 arg1 conversion 659:668 conversion 659:668 conversion of 7-ACCA 659:678 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 2 1 theme high 333:336 arg1 synthesis 348:356 high efficient synthesis 333:356 high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 333:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 0 2 theme nanocrystalline 83:97 arg1 cellulose 99:107 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 74:107 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 74:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 3 3 theme pH 500:501 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 5 4 theme biosynthesis 953:964 arg1 example 942:948 the first example 932:948 the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent 932:1005 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 5 4 theme biosynthesis 953:964 arg1 this 924:927 this 924:927 this 924:927 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 0 5 theme deep 112:115 arg1 co-solvent 140:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 3 6 theme substrate 524:532 arg1 concentration 534:546 substrate concentration 524:546 substrate concentration 524:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 1 7 theme enzymatic 243:251 arg1 systems 253:259 enzymatic systems 243:259 enzymatic systems 243:259 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 4 8 theme optimized 803:811 arg1 yield 813:817 optimized yield 803:817 optimized yield of 84% 803:824 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 3 9 theme concentration 534:546 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 3 10 theme ratio 480:484 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 0 11 theme solvent 126:132 arg1 co-solvent 140:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 5 12 theme DES-buffer 985:994 arg1 co-solvent 996:1005 the DES-buffer co-solvent 981:1005 the DES-buffer co-solvent 981:1005 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 3 13 theme ratio 514:518 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 2 14 theme penicilin 373:381 arg1 acylase 383:389 penicilin acylase 373:389 penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 373:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 0 15 theme eutectic 117:124 arg1 co-solvent 140:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 4 16 theme choline 609:615 arg1 chloride 617:624 choline chloride 609:624 choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v) 609:656 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 16 theme choline 609:615 arg1 ChCl 627:630 ChCl 627:630 ChCl 627:630 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 17 theme organic 865:871 arg1 alternative 881:891 organic solvent alternative 865:891 organic solvent alternative 865:891 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 3 18 theme substrate 504:512 arg1 ratio 514:518 substrate ratio 504:518 substrate ratio 504:518 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 4 19 theme aqueous 783:789 arg1 buffer 791:796 aqueous buffer 783:796 aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84% 783:824 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 5 20 from example 942:948 arg1 co-solvent 996:1005 the DES-buffer co-solvent 981:1005 the DES-buffer co-solvent 981:1005 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 2 21 theme cefaclor 361:368 arg1 synthesis 348:356 high efficient synthesis 333:356 high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 333:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 0 22 theme cefaclor 26:33 arg1 biocatalysis 10:21 biocatalysis 10:21 biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 10:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 2 23 theme DES-buffer 280:289 arg1 medium 322:327 a novel reaction medium 305:327 a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 305:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 2 23 theme DES-buffer 280:289 arg1 co-solvent 291:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 2 24 theme magnetic 406:413 arg1 cellulose 431:439 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 406:439 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 406:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 2 25 theme nanocrystalline 415:429 arg1 cellulose 431:439 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 406:439 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 406:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 0 26 theme based 134:138 arg1 co-solvent 140:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 0 27 from cellulose 99:107 arg1 co-solvent 140:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 112:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 4 28 theme hydrolysis 702:711 arg1 ratio 713:717 hydrolysis ratio 702:717 hydrolysis ratio 702:717 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 0 29 theme penicillin 40:49 arg1 acylase 51:57 penicillin acylase 40:57 penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 40:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 3 30 theme temperature 487:497 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 4 31 theme great 839:843 arg1 potential 845:853 the great potential 835:853 the great potential of DES 835:860 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 5 32 theme cefaclor 969:976 arg1 biosynthesis 953:964 biosynthesis 953:964 biosynthesis of cefaclor 953:976 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 4 33 dep glycol-buffer 633:645 arg1 v/v 653:655 v/v 653:655 v/v 653:655 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 33 dep glycol-buffer 633:645 arg1 7:3 648:650 7:3 648:650 7:3 648:650 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 1 34 theme new 206:208 arg1 solvent 166:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 34 theme new 206:208 arg1 type 210:213 a new type 204:213 a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems 204:259 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 4 35 theme DES 858:860 arg1 potential 845:853 the great potential 835:853 the great potential of DES 835:860 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 36 theme higher 763:768 arg1 % 760:760 91% 758:760 91% 758:760 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 0 37 with biocatalysis 10:21 arg1 acylase 51:57 penicillin acylase 40:57 penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 40:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 2 38 theme reaction 313:320 arg1 medium 322:327 a novel reaction medium 305:327 a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 305:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 2 38 theme reaction 313:320 arg1 co-solvent 291:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 5 39 theme first 936:940 arg1 example 942:948 the first example 932:948 the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent 932:1005 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 5 39 theme first 936:940 arg1 this 924:927 this 924:927 this 924:927 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of biosynthesis of cefaclor in the DES-buffer co-solvent. 31152956 2 40 theme novel 307:311 arg1 medium 322:327 a novel reaction medium 305:327 a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 305:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 2 40 theme novel 307:311 arg1 co-solvent 291:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 DES-buffer co-solvent 280:300 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 4 41 from % 686:686 arg1 co-solvent 584:593 co-solvent 584:593 co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v) 584:656 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 42 theme % 824:824 arg1 yield 813:817 optimized yield 803:817 optimized yield of 84% 803:824 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 43 dep chloride 617:624 arg1 glycol-buffer 633:645 glycol-buffer 633:645 choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v) 609:656 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 1 44 theme Deep 152:155 arg1 solvent 166:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 44 theme Deep 152:155 arg1 type 210:213 a new type 204:213 a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems 204:259 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 44 theme Deep 152:155 arg1 DES 175:177 DES 175:177 DES 175:177 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 3 45 theme DES-buffer 469:478 arg1 ratio 480:484 DES-buffer ratio 469:484 DES-buffer ratio 469:484 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 0 46 theme magnetic 74:81 arg1 cellulose 99:107 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 74:107 magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent 74:149 Improving biocatalysis of cefaclor with penicillin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose in deep eutectic solvent based co-solvent. 31152956 3 47 theme DES 452:454 arg1 composition 456:466 DES composition 452:466 DES composition 452:466 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 3 48 theme composition 456:466 arg1 Effect 442:447 Effect 442:447 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration 442:546 Effect of DES composition, DES-buffer ratio, temperature, pH, substrate ratio and substrate concentration was systematically investigated. 31152956 1 49 theme eutectic 157:164 arg1 solvent 166:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 49 theme eutectic 157:164 arg1 type 210:213 a new type 204:213 a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems 204:259 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 49 theme eutectic 157:164 arg1 DES 175:177 DES 175:177 DES 175:177 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 4 50 with buffer 791:796 arg1 yield 813:817 optimized yield 803:817 optimized yield of 84% 803:824 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 1 51 theme green 218:222 arg1 solvent 224:230 green solvent 218:230 green solvent 218:230 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 4 52 theme solvent 873:879 arg1 alternative 881:891 organic solvent alternative 865:891 organic solvent alternative 865:891 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 4 53 theme cefaclor 741:748 arg1 yield 732:736 yield 732:736 yield of cefaclor 732:748 In co-solvent consisting of choline chloride (ChCl):glycol-buffer (7:3, v/v), conversion of 7-ACCA was 94%, synthesis to hydrolysis ratio was 1.8, and yield of cefaclor reached 91%, higher than that in aqueous buffer with optimized yield of 84%, showing the great potential of DES as organic solvent alternative. 31152956 2 54 theme efficient 338:346 arg1 synthesis 348:356 high efficient synthesis 333:356 high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose 333:439 Here, we reported DES-buffer co-solvent as a novel reaction medium for high efficient synthesis of cefaclor by penicilin acylase immobilized on magnetic nanocrystalline cellulose. 31152956 1 55 theme solvent 224:230 arg1 solvent 166:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent 152:172 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 31152956 1 55 theme solvent 224:230 arg1 type 210:213 a new type 204:213 a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems 204:259 Deep eutectic solvent (DES), has been considered as a new type of green solvent applied in enzymatic systems. 30391587 0 0 theme engineering 101:111 arg1 application 113:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 5 1 from treatment 1125:1133 arg1 variation 1053:1061 variation 1053:1061 variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures 1053:1146 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 4 2 from strength 929:936 arg1 conditions 995:1004 acidic conditions 988:1004 acidic conditions 988:1004 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 0 3 theme bone-tissue 89:99 arg1 application 113:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 5 4 theme deacetylation 1097:1109 arg1 time 1111:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 2 5 theme complete 553:560 arg1 deacetylation 562:574 complete deacetylation 553:574 complete deacetylation 553:574 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 3 6 dep temperatures 631:642 arg1 80 °C 652:656 80 °C 652:656 80 °C 652:656 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 3 6 dep temperatures 631:642 arg1 60 °C 645:649 60 °C 645:649 60 °C 645:649 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 4 7 theme surface 823:829 arg1 chemistry 831:839 its surface chemistry 819:839 its surface chemistry 819:839 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 7 8 theme positive 1414:1421 arg1 outcome 1423:1429 positive outcome 1414:1429 positive outcome regarding the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering 1414:1513 The primary results indicate positive outcome regarding the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering. 30391587 1 9 from 600 nm 371:376 arg1 diameters 349:357 average fiber diameters 335:357 average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm 335:376 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 3 10 theme possible 674:681 arg1 effect 692:697 the possible positive effect 670:697 the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength 670:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 2 11 theme alkaline 477:484 arg1 media 486:490 alkaline media 477:490 alkaline media 477:490 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 1 12 theme average 335:341 arg1 diameters 349:357 average fiber diameters 335:357 average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm 335:376 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 3 13 from effect 692:697 arg1 improvement 724:734 the improvement 720:734 the improvement of mechanical strength 720:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 6 14 theme RCS 1290:1292 arg1 samples 1294:1300 the selected RCS samples 1277:1300 the selected RCS samples 1277:1300 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 4 15 theme degradation 968:978 arg1 strength 929:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 15 theme degradation 968:978 arg1 rate 980:983 degradation rate 968:983 degradation rate 968:983 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 1 16 theme fiber 343:347 arg1 diameters 349:357 average fiber diameters 335:357 average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm 335:376 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 4 17 theme ATR 792:794 arg1 FTIR 796:799 ATR FTIR 792:799 ATR FTIR 792:799 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 5 18 theme composition 1066:1076 arg1 variation 1053:1061 variation 1053:1061 variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures 1053:1146 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 6 19 theme cell 1332:1335 arg1 proliferation 1337:1349 cell proliferation 1332:1349 cell proliferation 1332:1349 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 4 20 theme acidic 988:993 arg1 conditions 995:1004 acidic conditions 988:1004 acidic conditions 988:1004 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 5 21 theme solvent 1081:1087 arg1 system 1089:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 6 22 theme MC3T3-E1 1228:1235 arg1 cells 1248:1252 MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells 1228:1252 MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells 1228:1252 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 2 23 theme CAS 470:472 arg1 deacetylation 441:453 deacetylation 441:453 deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media 441:490 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 3 24 theme positive 683:690 arg1 effect 692:697 the possible positive effect 670:697 the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength 670:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 1 25 theme % 179:179 arg1 w/v 181:183 9-15% w/v 175:183 9-15% w/v 175:183 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 25 theme % 179:179 arg1 solutions 164:172 cellulose acetate (CA) solutions 141:172 cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 141:237 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 0 26 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of electrospun 0:32 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 3 27 theme heat 702:705 arg1 treatment 707:715 heat treatment 702:715 heat treatment 702:715 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 7 28 theme primary 1389:1395 arg1 results 1397:1403 The primary results 1385:1403 The primary results 1385:1403 The primary results indicate positive outcome regarding the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering. 30391587 0 29 theme electrospun 22:32 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of electrospun 0:32 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 3 30 theme treatment 707:715 arg1 effect 692:697 the possible positive effect 670:697 the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength 670:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 4 31 theme other 867:871 arg1 strength 929:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 31 theme other 867:871 arg1 characterizations 889:905 other physio-chemical characterizations 867:905 other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions 867:1004 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 6 32 theme SEM 1357:1359 arg1 analysis 1375:1382 SEM and MTT assay analysis 1357:1382 analysis 1375:1382 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 2 33 theme regenerated 388:398 arg1 RCS 420:422 RCS 420:422 RCS 420:422 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 2 33 theme regenerated 388:398 arg1 scaffold 410:417 regenerated cellulose scaffold 388:417 regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) 388:423 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 2 34 theme cellulose 400:408 arg1 RCS 420:422 RCS 420:422 RCS 420:422 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 2 34 theme cellulose 400:408 arg1 scaffold 410:417 regenerated cellulose scaffold 388:417 regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) 388:423 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 5 35 dep system 1089:1094 arg1 temperatures 1135:1146 temperatures 1135:1146 temperatures 1135:1146 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 6 36 theme cell 1314:1317 arg1 adhesion 1319:1326 cell adhesion 1314:1326 cell adhesion 1314:1326 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 4 37 theme physio-chemical 873:887 arg1 strength 929:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 37 theme physio-chemical 873:887 arg1 characterizations 889:905 other physio-chemical characterizations 867:905 other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions 867:1004 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 38 theme swelling 939:946 arg1 strength 929:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 38 theme swelling 939:946 arg1 property 948:955 swelling property 939:955 swelling property 939:955 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 0 39 theme cellulose 46:54 arg1 scaffold 66:73 cellulose nanofiber scaffold 46:73 cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application 46:123 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 5 40 theme optimal 1165:1171 arg1 conditions 1185:1194 the optimal fabricating conditions 1161:1194 the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS 1161:1202 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 2 41 theme time 504:507 arg1 periods 509:515 varying time periods 496:515 varying time periods 496:515 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 2 42 from deacetylation 441:453 arg1 media 486:490 alkaline media 477:490 alkaline media 477:490 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 5 43 from time 1111:1114 arg1 variation 1053:1061 variation 1053:1061 variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures 1053:1146 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 7 44 theme RCS 1458:1460 arg1 viability 1445:1453 the viability 1441:1453 the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering 1441:1513 The primary results indicate positive outcome regarding the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering. 30391587 2 45 theme varying 496:502 arg1 periods 509:515 varying time periods 496:515 varying time periods 496:515 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 3 46 theme mechanical 739:748 arg1 strength 750:757 mechanical strength 739:757 mechanical strength 739:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 1 47 theme acetone-water 198:210 arg1 system 232:237 acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 198:237 acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 198:237 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 5 48 from system 1089:1094 arg1 variation 1053:1061 variation 1053:1061 variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures 1053:1146 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 1 49 theme non-woven 289:297 arg1 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 49 theme non-woven 289:297 arg1 scaffolds 314:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds 289:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) 289:328 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 6 50 theme MTT 1365:1367 arg1 analysis 1375:1382 SEM and MTT assay analysis 1357:1382 analysis 1375:1382 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 6 51 theme In 1205:1206 arg1 studies 1214:1220 In vitro studies 1205:1220 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells 1205:1252 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 0 52 theme nanofiber 56:64 arg1 scaffold 66:73 cellulose nanofiber scaffold 46:73 cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application 46:123 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 1 53 theme nanofibrous 299:309 arg1 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 53 theme nanofibrous 299:309 arg1 scaffolds 314:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds 289:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) 289:328 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 2 54 theme ideal 529:533 arg1 time 535:538 the ideal time 525:538 the ideal time required for complete deacetylation 525:574 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 6 55 theme osteoblast 1237:1246 arg1 cells 1248:1252 MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells 1228:1252 MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells 1228:1252 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 1 56 theme CA 311:312 arg1 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 CAS 325:327 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 56 theme CA 311:312 arg1 scaffolds 314:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds 289:322 non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) 289:328 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 6 57 theme selected 1281:1288 arg1 samples 1294:1300 the selected RCS samples 1277:1300 the selected RCS samples 1277:1300 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 1 58 theme cellulose 141:149 arg1 CA 160:161 CA 160:161 CA 160:161 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 58 theme cellulose 141:149 arg1 acetate 151:157 cellulose acetate 141:157 cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 141:237 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 3 59 theme varying 623:629 arg1 temperatures 631:642 varying temperatures 623:642 varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) 623:657 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 30391587 6 60 theme assay 1369:1373 arg1 analysis 1375:1382 SEM and MTT assay analysis 1357:1382 analysis 1375:1382 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 5 61 theme fabricating 1173:1183 arg1 conditions 1185:1194 the optimal fabricating conditions 1161:1194 the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS 1161:1202 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 1 62 theme acetate 151:157 arg1 w/v 181:183 9-15% w/v 175:183 9-15% w/v 175:183 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 62 theme acetate 151:157 arg1 solutions 164:172 cellulose acetate (CA) solutions 141:172 cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 141:237 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 5 63 from variation 1053:1061 arg1 treatment 1125:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 5 63 from variation 1053:1061 arg1 system 1089:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 5 63 from variation 1053:1061 arg1 time 1111:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 1 64 dep 600 nm 371:376 arg1 to 368:369 to 368:369 to 368:369 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 0 65 theme potential 79:87 arg1 application 113:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 potential bone-tissue engineering application 79:123 Facile fabrication of electrospun regenerated cellulose nanofiber scaffold for potential bone-tissue engineering application. 30391587 7 66 theme bone-tissue 1491:1501 arg1 engineering 1503:1513 bone-tissue engineering 1491:1513 bone-tissue engineering 1491:1513 The primary results indicate positive outcome regarding the viability of RCS as potential biomaterial for bone-tissue engineering. 30391587 6 67 dep In 1205:1206 arg1 vitro 1208:1212 vitro 1208:1212 vitro 1208:1212 In vitro studies using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were also conducted on the selected RCS samples to evaluate cell adhesion and cell proliferation using SEM and MTT assay analysis. 30391587 1 68 theme & 219:219 arg1 v/v 227:229 80:20 & 90:10 v/v 213:229 80:20 & 90:10 v/v 213:229 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 1 68 theme & 219:219 arg1 acetone-water 198:210 acetone-water 198:210 acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system 198:237 In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) solutions (9-15% w/v) prepared in acetone-water (80:20 & 90:10 v/v) system were subjected to electrospinning for fabricating non-woven nanofibrous CA scaffolds (CAS) with average fiber diameters from 300 to 600 nm. 30391587 2 69 theme electrospun 458:468 arg1 CAS 470:472 electrospun CAS 458:472 electrospun CAS 458:472 Further, regenerated cellulose scaffold (RCS) was obtained by deacetylation of electrospun CAS in alkaline media for varying time periods to find the ideal time required for complete deacetylation. 30391587 5 70 theme heat 1120:1123 arg1 treatment 1125:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 5 71 from composition 1066:1076 arg1 treatment 1125:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 heat treatment 1120:1133 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 5 71 from composition 1066:1076 arg1 system 1089:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 solvent system 1081:1094 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 5 71 from composition 1066:1076 arg1 time 1111:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 deacetylation time 1097:1114 The results were analyzed and co-related with variation of composition in solvent system, deacetylation time and heat treatment temperatures to determine the optimal fabricating conditions for RCS. 30391587 4 72 theme micro-tensile 915:927 arg1 property 948:955 swelling property 939:955 swelling property 939:955 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 72 theme micro-tensile 915:927 arg1 porosity 958:965 porosity 958:965 porosity 958:965 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 72 theme micro-tensile 915:927 arg1 strength 929:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 micro-tensile strength 915:936 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 4 72 theme micro-tensile 915:927 arg1 rate 980:983 degradation rate 968:983 degradation rate 968:983 The RCS was characterized using ATR FTIR, SEM for studying its surface chemistry and morphology along with other physio-chemical characterizations such as micro-tensile strength, swelling property, porosity, degradation rate in acidic conditions. 30391587 3 73 theme strength 750:757 arg1 improvement 724:734 the improvement 720:734 the improvement of mechanical strength 720:757 Following deacetylation, RCS was subjected to varying temperatures (60 °C, 80 °C) to observe the possible positive effect of heat treatment on the improvement of mechanical strength. 29370452 3 0 theme available 379:387 arg1 agonists 389:396 currently available agonists 369:396 currently available agonists 369:396 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 3 0 theme available 379:387 arg1 glycoconjugates 416:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 7 1 from dectin-2 909:916 arg1 cells 940:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 We identified structures that elicit a pro-inflammatory response through dectin-1 or dectin-2 in antigen-presenting cells. 29370452 8 2 theme translational 1056:1068 arg1 applications 1070:1081 translational applications 1056:1081 translational applications 1056:1081 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 8 3 theme glycosidic 1001:1010 arg1 linkages 1012:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 6 4 with glycopolypeptides 756:772 arg1 weights 794:800 high molecular weights 779:800 high molecular weights 779:800 Through this approach, we achieved glycopolypeptides with high molecular weights and low dispersities. 29370452 6 4 with glycopolypeptides 756:772 arg1 dispersities 810:821 low dispersities 806:821 low dispersities 806:821 Through this approach, we achieved glycopolypeptides with high molecular weights and low dispersities. 29370452 5 5 theme N-carboxyanhydrides 700:718 arg1 polymerization 669:682 polymerization 669:682 polymerization of glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides 669:718 They comprised glycopolypeptides bearing mono-, di-, and trisaccharides and were built through polymerization of glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides. 29370452 7 6 theme pro-inflammatory 863:878 arg1 response 880:887 a pro-inflammatory response 861:887 a pro-inflammatory response 861:887 We identified structures that elicit a pro-inflammatory response through dectin-1 or dectin-2 in antigen-presenting cells. 29370452 5 7 gly glycosylated 687:698 arg1 N-carboxyanhydrides 700:718 glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides 687:718 glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides 687:718 They comprised glycopolypeptides bearing mono-, di-, and trisaccharides and were built through polymerization of glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides. 29370452 2 8 theme cancer 338:343 arg1 immunotherapy 345:357 cancer immunotherapy 338:357 cancer immunotherapy 338:357 These receptors are promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. 29370452 3 9 from sources 465:471 arg1 polysaccharides 436:450 polysaccharides 436:450 polysaccharides 436:450 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 3 9 from sources 465:471 arg1 agonists 389:396 currently available agonists 369:396 currently available agonists 369:396 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 3 9 from sources 465:471 arg1 glycoconjugates 416:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 1 10 theme microbial 204:212 arg1 pathogens 214:222 microbial pathogens 204:222 microbial pathogens 204:222 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 8 11 theme native 958:963 arg1 backbones 979:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 0 12 theme N-Carboxyanhydride 0:17 arg1 Polymerization 19:32 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization 0:32 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization of Glycopolypeptides That Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2. 0:123 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization of Glycopolypeptides That Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2. 29370452 8 13 with attractive 1041:1050 arg1 linkages 1012:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 8 13 with attractive 1041:1050 arg1 backbones 979:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 3 14 theme natural 457:463 arg1 sources 465:471 natural sources 457:471 natural sources 457:471 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 5 15 theme glycosylated 687:698 arg1 N-carboxyanhydrides 700:718 glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides 687:718 glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides 687:718 They comprised glycopolypeptides bearing mono-, di-, and trisaccharides and were built through polymerization of glycosylated N-carboxyanhydrides. 29370452 1 16 theme C-type 129:134 arg1 dectin-2 157:164 dectin-2 157:164 dectin-2 157:164 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 1 16 theme C-type 129:134 arg1 dectin-1 144:151 dectin-1 144:151 dectin-1 144:151 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 1 16 theme C-type 129:134 arg1 lectins 136:142 The C-type lectins 125:142 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 125:164 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 6 17 theme low 806:808 arg1 dispersities 810:821 low dispersities 806:821 low dispersities 806:821 Through this approach, we achieved glycopolypeptides with high molecular weights and low dispersities. 29370452 1 18 theme foreign 245:251 arg1 structures 260:269 their foreign glycan structures 239:269 their foreign glycan structures 239:269 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 4 19 theme defined 531:537 arg1 ligands 539:545 the first chemically defined ligands 510:545 the first chemically defined ligands for dectin-1 and dectin-2 510:571 Herein, we designed and synthesized the first chemically defined ligands for dectin-1 and dectin-2. 29370452 1 20 theme glycan 253:258 arg1 structures 260:269 their foreign glycan structures 239:269 their foreign glycan structures 239:269 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 7 21 theme antigen-presenting 921:938 arg1 cells 940:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 We identified structures that elicit a pro-inflammatory response through dectin-1 or dectin-2 in antigen-presenting cells. 29370452 0 22 theme Glycopolypeptides 37:53 arg1 Polymerization 19:32 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization 0:32 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization of Glycopolypeptides That Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2. 0:123 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization of Glycopolypeptides That Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2. 29370452 0 23 theme Antigen-Presenting 69:86 arg1 Cells 88:92 Antigen-Presenting Cells 69:92 Antigen-Presenting Cells 69:92 N-Carboxyanhydride Polymerization of Glycopolypeptides That Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells through Dectin-1 and Dectin-2. 29370452 6 24 theme molecular 784:792 arg1 weights 794:800 high molecular weights 779:800 high molecular weights 779:800 Through this approach, we achieved glycopolypeptides with high molecular weights and low dispersities. 29370452 7 25 from dectin-1 897:904 arg1 cells 940:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 antigen-presenting cells 921:944 We identified structures that elicit a pro-inflammatory response through dectin-1 or dectin-2 in antigen-presenting cells. 29370452 2 26 theme vaccine 314:320 arg1 development 322:332 vaccine development 314:332 vaccine development 314:332 These receptors are promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. 29370452 6 27 theme high 779:782 arg1 weights 794:800 high molecular weights 779:800 high molecular weights 779:800 Through this approach, we achieved glycopolypeptides with high molecular weights and low dispersities. 29370452 1 28 theme innate 180:185 arg1 immunity 187:194 innate immunity 180:194 innate immunity against microbial pathogens 180:222 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 8 29 theme natural 993:999 arg1 linkages 1012:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 natural glycosidic linkages 993:1019 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 4 30 theme first 514:518 arg1 ligands 539:545 the first chemically defined ligands 510:545 the first chemically defined ligands for dectin-1 and dectin-2 510:571 Herein, we designed and synthesized the first chemically defined ligands for dectin-1 and dectin-2. 29370452 8 31 theme proteinaceous 965:977 arg1 backbones 979:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 their native proteinaceous backbones 952:987 With their native proteinaceous backbones and natural glycosidic linkages, these agonists are attractive for translational applications. 29370452 3 32 theme heterogeneous 402:414 arg1 agonists 389:396 currently available agonists 369:396 currently available agonists 369:396 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 3 32 theme heterogeneous 402:414 arg1 glycoconjugates 416:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 heterogeneous glycoconjugates 402:430 However, currently available agonists are heterogeneous glycoconjugates and polysaccharides from natural sources. 29370452 2 33 theme promising 292:300 arg1 receptors 278:286 These receptors 272:286 These receptors 272:286 These receptors are promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. 29370452 2 33 theme promising 292:300 arg1 targets 302:308 promising targets 292:308 promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy 292:357 These receptors are promising targets for vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy. 29370452 1 34 dep lectins 136:142 arg1 dectin-2 157:164 dectin-2 157:164 dectin-2 157:164 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 1 34 dep lectins 136:142 arg1 dectin-1 144:151 dectin-1 144:151 dectin-1 144:151 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 29370452 1 34 dep lectins 136:142 arg1 lectins 136:142 The C-type lectins 125:142 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 125:164 The C-type lectins dectin-1 and dectin-2 contribute to innate immunity against microbial pathogens by recognizing their foreign glycan structures. 30625350 8 0 theme antioxidant 1265:1275 arg1 ability 1277:1283 antioxidant ability 1265:1283 antioxidant ability 1265:1283 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 4 1 theme composite 559:567 arg1 films 569:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films 544:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis 544:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 7 2 theme Infrared 1059:1066 arg1 spectra 1068:1074 Infrared spectra 1059:1074 Infrared spectra 1059:1074 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 2 3 theme composite 399:407 arg1 films 409:413 CMCS-quercetin composite films 384:413 CMCS-quercetin composite films 384:413 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 7 4 theme films 1135:1139 arg1 spectra 1068:1074 Infrared spectra 1059:1074 Infrared spectra 1059:1074 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 7 4 theme films 1135:1139 arg1 patterns 1098:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns 1080:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1080:1139 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 4 5 theme higher 637:642 arg1 thicknesses 644:654 higher thicknesses 637:654 higher thicknesses 637:654 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 5 theme higher 637:642 arg1 opacity 657:663 opacity 657:663 opacity 657:663 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 5 theme higher 637:642 arg1 stability 677:685 thermal stability 669:685 thermal stability 669:685 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 0 6 theme films 94:98 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 0 6 theme films 94:98 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 2 7 theme Al3+-sensing 358:369 arg1 abilities 371:379 Al3+-sensing abilities 358:379 Al3+-sensing abilities 358:379 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 8 8 theme aqueous 1290:1296 arg1 stimulants 1313:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 2 9 theme CMCS-quercetin 384:397 arg1 films 409:413 CMCS-quercetin composite films 384:413 CMCS-quercetin composite films 384:413 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 1 10 theme intelligent 274:284 arg1 films 299:303 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 274:303 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 274:303 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 0 11 theme carboxymethyl 109:121 arg1 chitosan 123:130 carboxymethyl chitosan 109:130 carboxymethyl chitosan 109:130 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 6 12 theme CMCS-quercetin 971:984 arg1 film 996:999 CMCS-quercetin composite film 971:999 CMCS-quercetin composite film 971:999 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 10 13 theme Al3+ 1497:1500 arg1 addition 1485:1492 the addition 1481:1492 the addition of Al3+ 1481:1500 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 4 14 theme moisture 713:720 arg1 transmittance 745:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 14 theme moisture 713:720 arg1 contents 722:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 14 theme moisture 713:720 arg1 elongation 763:772 elongation 763:772 elongation 763:772 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 1 15 theme Al3+-sensing 286:297 arg1 films 299:303 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 274:303 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 274:303 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 11 16 dep antioxidant 1580:1590 arg1 materials 1621:1629 materials 1621:1629 materials 1621:1629 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 3 17 dep showed 442:447 arg1 presented 480:488 presented 480:488 showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color 442:511 Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color. 30625350 8 18 theme CMCS-quercetin 1208:1221 arg1 films 1233:1237 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1208:1237 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1208:1237 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 2 19 theme physical 310:317 arg1 properties 319:328 The physical properties 306:328 The physical properties 306:328 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 5 20 theme film 917:920 arg1 property 900:907 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 property 900:907 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 5 20 theme film 917:920 arg1 solubility 865:874 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 solubility 865:874 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 11 21 theme composite 1541:1549 arg1 films 1551:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 21 theme composite 1541:1549 arg1 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 21 theme composite 1541:1549 arg1 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 4 22 theme CMCS 533:536 arg1 film 538:541 CMCS film 533:541 CMCS film 533:541 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 10 23 theme absorption 1411:1420 arg1 patterns 1422:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns 1390:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1390:1463 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 3 24 theme yellowish 497:505 arg1 color 507:511 a dark yellowish color 490:511 a dark yellowish color 490:511 Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color. 30625350 3 25 theme composite 464:472 arg1 films 474:478 CMCS-quercetin composite films 449:478 CMCS-quercetin composite films 449:478 Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color. 30625350 4 26 theme CMCS-quercetin 544:557 arg1 films 569:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films 544:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis 544:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 6 27 dep showed 949:954 arg1 became 1001:1006 became 1001:1006 showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated 949:1056 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 10 28 theme UV-vis 1404:1409 arg1 absorption 1411:1420 UV-vis absorption 1404:1420 UV-vis absorption 1404:1420 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 1 29 theme carboxymethyl 194:206 arg1 chitosan 208:215 carboxymethyl chitosan 194:215 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 194:222 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 1 29 theme carboxymethyl 194:206 arg1 CMCS 218:221 CMCS 218:221 CMCS 218:221 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 8 30 theme food 1308:1311 arg1 stimulants 1313:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 6 31 theme composite 986:994 arg1 film 996:999 CMCS-quercetin composite film 971:999 CMCS-quercetin composite film 971:999 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 11 32 theme CMCS-quercetin 1526:1539 arg1 films 1551:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 32 theme CMCS-quercetin 1526:1539 arg1 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 32 theme CMCS-quercetin 1526:1539 arg1 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 9 33 theme CMCS-quercetin 1335:1348 arg1 films 1360:1364 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1335:1364 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1335:1364 Moreover, CMCS-quercetin composite films were sensitive to Al3+. 30625350 10 34 theme films 1459:1463 arg1 patterns 1422:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns 1390:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1390:1463 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 3 35 theme dark 492:495 arg1 color 507:511 a dark yellowish color 490:511 a dark yellowish color 490:511 Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color. 30625350 5 36 theme water 880:884 arg1 property 900:907 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 property 900:907 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 4 37 theme quercetin 603:611 arg1 % 598:598 5 and 7.5 wt% 586:598 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin 586:611 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 37 theme quercetin 603:611 arg1 quercetin 603:611 quercetin 603:611 quercetin 603:611 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 9 38 theme composite 1350:1358 arg1 films 1360:1364 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1335:1364 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1335:1364 Moreover, CMCS-quercetin composite films were sensitive to Al3+. 30625350 10 39 theme CMCS-quercetin 1434:1447 arg1 films 1459:1463 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1434:1463 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1434:1463 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 10 40 theme composite 1449:1457 arg1 films 1459:1463 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1434:1463 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1434:1463 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 5 41 theme barrier 892:898 arg1 property 900:907 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 property 900:907 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 5 42 theme vapor 886:890 arg1 property 900:907 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 property 900:907 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 6 43 theme quercetin 1031:1039 arg1 quercetin 1031:1039 quercetin 1031:1039 quercetin 1031:1039 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 6 43 theme quercetin 1031:1039 arg1 % 1026:1026 7.5 wt% 1020:1026 7.5 wt% of quercetin 1020:1039 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 7 44 theme composite 1125:1133 arg1 films 1135:1139 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1110:1139 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1110:1139 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 6 45 theme film 996:999 arg1 surface 960:966 the surface 956:966 the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film 956:999 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 4 46 theme light 739:743 arg1 transmittance 745:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 46 theme light 739:743 arg1 contents 722:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 0 47 theme active 48:53 arg1 packaging 55:63 antioxidant active packaging 36:63 antioxidant active packaging 36:63 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 4 48 theme CMCS 616:619 arg1 basis 621:625 CMCS basis 616:625 CMCS basis 616:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 6 49 theme Morphological 923:935 arg1 observation 937:947 Morphological observation 923:947 Morphological observation 923:947 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 11 50 theme food 1634:1637 arg1 packaging 1639:1647 food packaging 1634:1647 food packaging 1634:1647 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 0 51 theme antioxidant 36:46 arg1 packaging 55:63 antioxidant active packaging 36:63 antioxidant active packaging 36:63 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 11 52 used used 1566:1569 arg2 films 1551:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 52 used used 1566:1569 arg2 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Al3+-sensing 1608:1619 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 52 used used 1566:1569 arg2 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 5 53 theme CMCS 912:915 arg1 film 917:920 CMCS film 912:920 CMCS film 912:920 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 3 54 theme CMCS-quercetin 449:462 arg1 films 474:478 CMCS-quercetin composite films 449:478 CMCS-quercetin composite films 449:478 Results showed CMCS-quercetin composite films presented a dark yellowish color. 30625350 6 55 theme 7.5 wt 1020:1025 arg1 quercetin 1031:1039 quercetin 1031:1039 quercetin 1031:1039 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 6 55 theme 7.5 wt 1020:1025 arg1 % 1026:1026 7.5 wt% 1020:1026 7.5 wt% of quercetin 1020:1039 Morphological observation showed the surface of CMCS-quercetin composite film became coarse when 7.5 wt% of quercetin was incorporated. 30625350 5 56 theme water 859:863 arg1 solubility 865:874 the water solubility and water vapor barrier property 855:907 solubility 865:874 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 5 57 theme quercetin 814:822 arg1 incorporation 797:809 the incorporation 793:809 the incorporation of quercetin 793:822 Besides, the incorporation of quercetin could not significantly change the water solubility and water vapor barrier property of CMCS film. 30625350 0 58 theme packaging 55:63 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 0 58 theme packaging 55:63 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 7 59 theme X-ray 1080:1084 arg1 patterns 1098:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns 1080:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1080:1139 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 7 60 theme CMCS-quercetin 1110:1123 arg1 films 1135:1139 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1110:1139 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1110:1139 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 4 61 theme UV-vis 732:737 arg1 transmittance 745:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 61 theme UV-vis 732:737 arg1 contents 722:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 1 62 theme Different 147:155 arg1 quercetin 168:176 quercetin 168:176 quercetin 168:176 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 1 62 theme Different 147:155 arg1 amounts 157:163 Different amounts 147:163 Different amounts of quercetin 147:176 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 11 63 from packaging 1639:1647 arg1 films 1551:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1526:1555 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 11 63 from packaging 1639:1647 arg1 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 antioxidant 1580:1590 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 1 64 theme novel 235:239 arg1 packaging 260:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 7 65 theme diffraction 1086:1096 arg1 patterns 1098:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns 1080:1105 X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1080:1139 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 8 66 theme fatty 1302:1306 arg1 stimulants 1313:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 aqueous and fatty food stimulants 1290:1322 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 1 67 theme quercetin 168:176 arg1 quercetin 168:176 quercetin 168:176 quercetin 168:176 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 1 67 theme quercetin 168:176 arg1 amounts 157:163 Different amounts 147:163 Different amounts of quercetin 147:176 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 1 68 theme antioxidant 241:251 arg1 packaging 260:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 0 69 theme Al3+-sensing 81:92 arg1 films 94:98 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 69:98 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 69:98 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 7 70 with compatible 1173:1182 arg1 CMCS 1189:1192 CMCS 1189:1192 CMCS 1189:1192 Infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films further indicated quercetin was compatible with CMCS. 30625350 10 71 theme color 1394:1398 arg1 patterns 1422:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns 1390:1429 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films 1390:1463 The color and UV-vis absorption patterns of CMCS-quercetin composite films were changed by the addition of Al3+. 30625350 4 72 contain containing 575:584 arg1 films 569:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films 544:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis 544:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 72 contain containing 575:584 arg2 films 569:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films 544:573 CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis 544:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 72 contain containing 575:584 arg2 % 598:598 5 and 7.5 wt% 586:598 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin 586:611 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 72 contain containing 575:584 arg2 quercetin 603:611 quercetin 603:611 quercetin 603:611 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 72 contain containing 575:584 arg1 basis 621:625 CMCS basis 616:625 CMCS basis 616:625 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 73 theme lower 707:711 arg1 transmittance 745:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 UV-vis light transmittance 732:757 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 73 theme lower 707:711 arg1 contents 722:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 lower moisture contents 707:729 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 73 theme lower 707:711 arg1 elongation 763:772 elongation 763:772 elongation 763:772 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 1 74 theme active 253:258 arg1 packaging 260:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 novel antioxidant active packaging 235:268 Different amounts of quercetin were mixed with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) to develop novel antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films. 30625350 0 75 theme intelligent 69:79 arg1 films 94:98 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 69:98 intelligent Al3+-sensing films 69:98 Development and characterization of antioxidant active packaging and intelligent Al3+-sensing films based on carboxymethyl chitosan and quercetin. 30625350 11 76 from antioxidant 1580:1590 arg1 packaging 1639:1647 food packaging 1634:1647 food packaging 1634:1647 Results suggested that CMCS-quercetin composite films could be used as novel antioxidant and intelligent Al3+-sensing materials in food packaging. 30625350 2 77 theme films 409:413 arg1 abilities 371:379 Al3+-sensing abilities 358:379 Al3+-sensing abilities 358:379 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 2 77 theme films 409:413 arg1 structure 331:339 structure 331:339 structure 331:339 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 2 77 theme films 409:413 arg1 properties 319:328 The physical properties 306:328 The physical properties 306:328 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 2 77 theme films 409:413 arg1 antioxidant 342:352 antioxidant 342:352 antioxidant 342:352 The physical properties, structure, antioxidant and Al3+-sensing abilities of CMCS-quercetin composite films were investigated. 30625350 8 78 theme composite 1223:1231 arg1 films 1233:1237 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1208:1237 CMCS-quercetin composite films 1208:1237 Importantly, CMCS-quercetin composite films could sustainably release antioxidant ability into aqueous and fatty food stimulants. 30625350 4 79 theme thermal 669:675 arg1 thicknesses 644:654 higher thicknesses 637:654 higher thicknesses 637:654 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 30625350 4 79 theme thermal 669:675 arg1 stability 677:685 thermal stability 669:685 thermal stability 669:685 When compared with CMCS film, CMCS-quercetin composite films containing 5 and 7.5 wt% of quercetin on CMCS basis exhibited higher thicknesses, opacity and thermal stability; however, presented lower moisture contents, UV-vis light transmittance and elongation at break. 31669875 0 0 theme cellulosic 89:98 arg1 materials 100:108 cellulosic materials 89:108 cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods 89:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 2 1 theme β-glucosidase 474:486 arg1 ratios 406:411 the ratios 402:411 the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum 402:521 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 4 2 theme strong 903:908 arg1 adsorption 910:919 its strong adsorption 899:919 its strong adsorption on lignin 899:929 CBH I was most critical for the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials, probably due to its strong adsorption on lignin. 31669875 1 3 theme protein 276:282 arg1 demand 284:289 protein demand 276:289 protein demand 276:289 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 2 4 theme endoglucanase 416:428 arg1 ratios 406:411 the ratios 402:411 the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum 402:521 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 4 5 theme materials 872:880 arg1 hydrolysis 838:847 the hydrolysis 834:847 the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials 834:880 CBH I was most critical for the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials, probably due to its strong adsorption on lignin. 31669875 1 6 theme cellulase 182:190 arg1 mixtures 192:199 cellulase mixtures 182:199 cellulase mixtures 182:199 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 2 7 used used 385:388 arg2 method 374:379 the mixture design method 355:379 the mixture design method 355:379 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 0 8 theme materials 100:108 arg1 hydrolysis 75:84 enzymatic hydrolysis 65:84 enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods 65:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 1 9 theme enzymatic 298:306 arg1 degradation 308:318 enzymatic degradation 298:318 enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses 298:337 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 0 10 theme pretreatment 125:136 arg1 methods 138:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 3 11 theme different 724:732 arg1 methods 747:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 1 12 theme mixtures 192:199 arg1 composition 167:177 the composition 163:177 the composition of cellulase mixtures 163:199 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 0 13 theme different 115:123 arg1 methods 138:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 3 14 theme cellulosic 698:707 arg1 materials 709:717 not only cellulosic materials 689:717 not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods 689:753 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 2 15 theme materials 605:613 arg1 hydrolysis 566:575 the hydrolysis 562:575 the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials 562:613 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 6 16 theme solids 1180:1185 arg1 loading 1187:1193 solids loading 1180:1193 solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails 1180:1229 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 6 17 theme components 1074:1083 arg1 requirements 1039:1050 The requirements 1035:1050 The requirements of specific cellulase components 1035:1083 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 6 17 theme components 1074:1083 arg1 pronounced 1095:1104 pronounced 1095:1104 pronounced 1095:1104 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 2 18 theme cellulosic 594:603 arg1 materials 605:613 six different cellulosic materials 580:613 six different cellulosic materials 580:613 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 5 19 theme higher 934:939 arg1 proportion 941:950 A higher proportion 932:950 A higher proportion of EG II 932:959 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 6 20 theme cellulase 1064:1072 arg1 components 1074:1083 specific cellulase components 1055:1083 specific cellulase components 1055:1083 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 2 21 theme cellobiohydrolase 442:458 arg1 ratios 406:411 the ratios 402:411 the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum 402:521 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 2 22 theme different 584:592 arg1 materials 605:613 six different cellulosic materials 580:613 six different cellulosic materials 580:613 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 1 23 theme effective 207:215 arg1 Optimization 147:158 Optimization 147:158 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures 147:199 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 1 23 theme effective 207:215 arg1 strategy 217:224 an effective strategy 204:224 an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses 204:337 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 0 24 theme artificial 19:28 arg1 cocktail 40:47 an artificial cellulase cocktail 16:47 an artificial cellulase cocktail 16:47 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 0 25 with materials 100:108 arg1 methods 138:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 different pretreatment methods 115:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 4 26 theme acid-pretreated 856:870 arg1 materials 872:880 two acid-pretreated materials 852:880 two acid-pretreated materials 852:880 CBH I was most critical for the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials, probably due to its strong adsorption on lignin. 31669875 1 27 theme lignocelluloses 323:337 arg1 degradation 308:318 enzymatic degradation 298:318 enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses 298:337 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 5 28 theme EG 955:956 arg1 proportion 941:950 A higher proportion 932:950 A higher proportion of EG II 932:959 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 0 29 theme cocktail 40:47 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for 0:51 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 5 30 theme sulfite 1003:1009 arg1 straw 1028:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 6 31 theme cellulase 1211:1219 arg1 cocktails 1221:1229 cellulase cocktails 1211:1229 cellulase cocktails 1211:1229 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 0 32 theme cellulase 30:38 arg1 cocktail 40:47 an artificial cellulase cocktail 16:47 an artificial cellulase cocktail 16:47 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 3 33 theme solids 783:788 arg1 concentrations 790:803 different solids concentrations 773:803 different solids concentrations 773:803 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 5 34 theme pretreated 1011:1020 arg1 straw 1028:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 6 35 from concentrations 1121:1134 arg1 requirements 1039:1050 The requirements 1035:1050 The requirements of specific cellulase components 1035:1083 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 6 35 from concentrations 1121:1134 arg1 pronounced 1095:1104 pronounced 1095:1104 pronounced 1095:1104 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 2 36 from oxalicum 514:521 arg1 ratios 406:411 the ratios 402:411 the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum 402:521 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 3 37 theme optimal 620:626 arg1 composition 628:638 The optimal composition 616:638 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture 616:656 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 3 37 theme optimal 620:626 arg1 different 673:681 different 673:681 different 673:681 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 5 38 theme wheat 1022:1026 arg1 straw 1028:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 4 39 from adsorption 910:919 arg1 lignin 924:929 lignin 924:929 lignin 924:929 CBH I was most critical for the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials, probably due to its strong adsorption on lignin. 31669875 5 40 theme straw 1028:1032 arg1 hydrolysis 980:989 the hydrolysis 976:989 the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 976:1032 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 2 41 theme design 367:372 arg1 method 374:379 the mixture design method 355:379 the mixture design method 355:379 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 3 42 theme different 773:781 arg1 concentrations 790:803 different solids concentrations 773:803 different solids concentrations 773:803 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 2 43 theme cellulase 540:548 arg1 mixture 550:556 an artificial cellulase mixture 526:556 an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials 526:613 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 4 44 theme CBH 806:808 arg1 I 810:810 CBH I 806:810 CBH I 806:810 CBH I was most critical for the hydrolysis of two acid-pretreated materials, probably due to its strong adsorption on lignin. 31669875 2 45 theme mixture 359:365 arg1 method 374:379 the mixture design method 355:379 the mixture design method 355:379 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 3 46 with materials 709:717 arg1 methods 747:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 1 47 theme hydrolytic 243:252 arg1 efficiency 254:263 their hydrolytic efficiency 237:263 their hydrolytic efficiency 237:263 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 2 48 theme artificial 529:538 arg1 mixture 550:556 an artificial cellulase mixture 526:556 an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials 526:613 In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. 31669875 3 49 theme enzyme 643:648 arg1 mixture 650:656 enzyme mixture 643:656 enzyme mixture 643:656 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 6 50 theme specific 1055:1062 arg1 components 1074:1083 specific cellulase components 1055:1083 specific cellulase components 1055:1083 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 6 51 theme solids 1114:1119 arg1 concentrations 1121:1134 high solids concentrations 1109:1134 high solids concentrations 1109:1134 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 3 52 theme pretreatment 734:745 arg1 methods 747:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 different pretreatment methods 724:753 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 3 53 theme mixture 650:656 arg1 composition 628:638 The optimal composition 616:638 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture 616:656 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 3 53 theme mixture 650:656 arg1 different 673:681 different 673:681 different 673:681 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 31669875 6 54 theme high 1109:1112 arg1 concentrations 1121:1134 high solids concentrations 1109:1134 high solids concentrations 1109:1134 The requirements of specific cellulase components were more pronounced at high solids concentrations, highlighting the importance of considering solids loading when optimizing cellulase cocktails. 31669875 0 55 theme enzymatic 65:73 arg1 hydrolysis 75:84 enzymatic hydrolysis 65:84 enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods 65:144 Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods. 31669875 5 56 theme ammonium 994:1001 arg1 straw 1028:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw 994:1032 A higher proportion of EG II was needed for the hydrolysis of ammonium sulfite pretreated wheat straw. 31669875 1 57 theme composition 167:177 arg1 Optimization 147:158 Optimization 147:158 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures 147:199 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 1 57 theme composition 167:177 arg1 strategy 217:224 an effective strategy 204:224 an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses 204:337 Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. 31669875 3 58 dep materials 709:717 arg1 only 693:696 only 693:696 only 693:696 The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations. 30426864 5 0 theme osteoblast-like 805:819 arg1 cell 827:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 1 from biocompatibility 664:679 arg1 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 1 from biocompatibility 664:679 arg1 differentiation 780:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 4 2 theme physicochemical 519:533 arg1 properties 535:544 The physicochemical properties 515:544 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds 515:561 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 1 3 theme bone 168:171 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 3 theme bone 168:171 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 3 theme bone 168:171 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 0 4 theme bone 95:98 arg1 repair 100:105 bone repair 95:105 bone repair 95:105 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 6 5 theme pore 940:943 arg1 structure 945:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 1 6 theme tissue 173:178 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 6 theme tissue 173:178 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 6 theme tissue 173:178 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 4 7 theme models 617:622 arg1 profiles 584:591 the drug release profiles 567:591 the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models 567:622 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 4 7 theme models 617:622 arg1 properties 535:544 The physicochemical properties 515:544 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds 515:561 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 7 8 theme calcitonin 1236:1245 arg1 peptide 1260:1266 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1236:1266 calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold 1236:1308 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 4 9 theme scaffolds 553:561 arg1 profiles 584:591 the drug release profiles 567:591 the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models 567:622 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 4 9 theme scaffolds 553:561 arg1 properties 535:544 The physicochemical properties 515:544 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds 515:561 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 8 10 theme genes 1500:1504 arg1 expression 1465:1474 the expression 1461:1474 the expression of osteogenesis-related genes 1461:1504 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 8 10 theme genes 1500:1504 arg1 proliferation 1443:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 2 11 theme sodium 305:310 arg1 glass 298:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 11 theme sodium 305:310 arg1 alginate 312:319 sodium alginate 305:319 sodium alginate 305:319 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 9 12 theme bone 1735:1738 arg1 engineering 1747:1757 bone tissue engineering 1735:1757 bone tissue engineering 1735:1757 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 3 13 theme calcitonin 389:398 arg1 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 13 theme calcitonin 389:398 arg1 peptide 413:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 13 theme calcitonin 389:398 arg1 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 6 14 theme interconnected 919:932 arg1 structure 945:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 9 15 theme alginate/gelatin 1654:1669 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 9 16 theme mesoporous 1620:1629 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 7 17 dep naringin 1040:1047 arg1 the 1036:1038 the 1036:1038 the 1036:1038 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 5 18 theme MG-63 821:825 arg1 cell 827:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 9 19 theme sustained 1671:1679 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 7 20 dep 21 1170:1171 arg1 to 1167:1168 to 1167:1168 to 1167:1168 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 9 21 theme release 1681:1687 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 8 22 contain containing 1393:1402 arg1 extraction 1382:1391 the extraction 1378:1391 the extraction containing released drugs 1378:1417 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 8 22 contain containing 1393:1402 arg2 drugs 1413:1417 released drugs 1404:1417 released drugs 1404:1417 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 7 23 theme initial 1189:1195 arg1 release 1203:1209 an initial burst release 1186:1209 an initial burst release 1186:1209 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 7 24 theme steady 1125:1130 arg1 behaviour 1150:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 2 25 theme bioactive 288:296 arg1 gelatin 325:331 gelatin 325:331 gelatin 325:331 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 25 theme bioactive 288:296 arg1 glass 298:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 25 theme bioactive 288:296 arg1 alginate 312:319 sodium alginate 305:319 sodium alginate 305:319 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 3 26 theme direct 476:481 arg1 printing 483:490 direct printing 476:490 direct printing 476:490 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 0 27 theme printing 3:10 arg1 alginate/gelatin 46:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 3 28 theme gene-related 400:411 arg1 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 28 theme gene-related 400:411 arg1 peptide 413:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 28 theme gene-related 400:411 arg1 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 7 29 theme sustained 1132:1140 arg1 behaviour 1150:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 7 30 theme scaffold 1301:1308 arg1 surface 1286:1292 the surface 1282:1292 the surface of the scaffold 1282:1308 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 8 31 theme promoted 1429:1436 arg1 proliferation 1443:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 3 32 theme drug-loaded 451:461 arg1 scaffolds 463:471 drug-loaded scaffolds 451:471 drug-loaded scaffolds 451:471 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 0 33 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 alginate/gelatin 46:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 5 34 theme scaffolds 688:696 arg1 biocompatibility 664:679 the biocompatibility 660:679 the biocompatibility of the scaffolds 660:696 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 34 theme scaffolds 688:696 arg1 effect 714:719 the effect 710:719 the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 710:830 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 1 35 theme Drug 108:111 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 35 theme Drug 108:111 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 35 theme Drug 108:111 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 9 36 theme developed 1610:1618 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 0 37 theme bioactive 23:31 arg1 alginate/gelatin 46:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 6 38 theme strong 998:1003 arg1 biocompatibility 1005:1020 strong biocompatibility 998:1020 strong biocompatibility 998:1020 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 5 39 theme released 728:735 arg1 medium 737:742 the released medium 724:742 the released medium 724:742 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 9 40 theme tissue 1740:1745 arg1 engineering 1747:1757 bone tissue engineering 1735:1757 bone tissue engineering 1735:1757 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 3 41 theme surface 495:501 arg1 absorption 503:512 surface absorption 495:512 surface absorption 495:512 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 0 42 theme mesoporous 12:21 arg1 alginate/gelatin 46:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 4 43 theme drug-loading 604:615 arg1 models 617:622 the two drug-loading models 596:622 the two drug-loading models 596:622 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 5 44 theme medium 737:742 arg1 biocompatibility 664:679 the biocompatibility 660:679 the biocompatibility of the scaffolds 660:696 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 44 theme medium 737:742 arg1 effect 714:719 the effect 710:719 the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 710:830 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 8 45 theme cell 1438:1441 arg1 proliferation 1443:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 promoted cell proliferation 1429:1455 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 9 46 theme bioactive 1631:1639 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 6 47 contain had 871:873 arg2 % 908:908 approximately 80% 892:908 approximately 80% 892:908 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 6 47 contain had 871:873 arg2 porosity 882:889 a high porosity 875:889 a high porosity (approximately 80%) 875:909 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 6 47 contain had 871:873 arg1 scaffolds 861:869 the scaffolds 857:869 the scaffolds 857:869 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 5 48 theme cell 827:830 arg1 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 48 theme cell 827:830 arg1 differentiation 780:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 3 49 used used 426:429 arg2 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin 376:383 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 49 used used 426:429 arg2 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 drugs 434:438 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 3 49 used used 426:429 arg2 peptide 413:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 calcitonin gene-related peptide 389:419 Naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide were used as drugs to prepare drug-loaded scaffolds by direct printing or surface absorption. 30426864 2 50 theme hydrogel 244:251 arg1 scaffolds 253:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds 222:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique 222:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 8 51 theme MG-63 1352:1356 arg1 cells 1358:1362 MG-63 cells 1352:1362 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs 1352:1417 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 0 52 theme glass/sodium 33:44 arg1 alginate/gelatin 46:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin 0:61 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 4 53 theme drug 571:574 arg1 profiles 584:591 the drug release profiles 567:591 the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models 567:622 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 7 54 theme burst 1197:1201 arg1 release 1203:1209 an initial burst release 1186:1209 an initial burst release 1186:1209 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 8 55 theme drug-free 1541:1549 arg1 extractions 1551:1561 the drug-free extractions 1537:1561 the drug-free extractions 1537:1561 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 2 56 theme release 236:242 arg1 scaffolds 253:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds 222:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique 222:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 7 57 theme calcitonin 1052:1061 arg1 peptide 1076:1082 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1052:1082 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1052:1082 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 6 58 theme rough 956:960 arg1 morphology 970:979 rough surface morphology 956:979 rough surface morphology 956:979 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 0 59 theme release 73:79 arg1 scaffolds 81:89 release scaffolds 73:89 release scaffolds for bone repair 73:105 3D printing mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds for bone repair. 30426864 2 60 theme sustained 226:234 arg1 scaffolds 253:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds 222:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique 222:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 7 61 theme gene-related 1063:1074 arg1 peptide 1076:1082 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1052:1082 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1052:1082 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 6 62 theme cubic 934:938 arg1 structure 945:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 an interconnected cubic pore structure 916:953 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 6 63 theme surface 962:968 arg1 morphology 970:979 rough surface morphology 956:979 rough surface morphology 956:979 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 9 64 theme glass/sodium 1641:1652 arg1 scaffolds 1689:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds 1606:1697 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 2 65 theme new 222:224 arg1 scaffolds 253:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds 222:261 new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique 222:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 7 66 theme gene-related 1247:1258 arg1 peptide 1260:1266 calcitonin gene-related peptide 1236:1266 calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold 1236:1308 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 2 67 theme printing 356:363 arg1 technique 365:373 a three-dimensional printing technique 336:373 a three-dimensional printing technique 336:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 4 68 theme release 576:582 arg1 profiles 584:591 the drug release profiles 567:591 the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models 567:622 The physicochemical properties of the scaffolds and the drug release profiles of the two drug-loading models were investigated. 30426864 5 69 dep proliferation 751:763 arg1 the 747:749 the 747:749 the 747:749 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 6 70 theme high 877:880 arg1 porosity 882:889 a high porosity 875:889 a high porosity (approximately 80%) 875:909 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 6 70 theme high 877:880 arg1 % 908:908 approximately 80% 892:908 approximately 80% 892:908 The results showed that the scaffolds had a high porosity (approximately 80%) with an interconnected cubic pore structure, rough surface morphology, bioactivity and strong biocompatibility. 30426864 2 71 theme mesoporous 277:286 arg1 gelatin 325:331 gelatin 325:331 gelatin 325:331 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 71 theme mesoporous 277:286 arg1 glass 298:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 mesoporous bioactive glass 277:302 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 71 theme mesoporous 277:286 arg1 alginate 312:319 sodium alginate 305:319 sodium alginate 305:319 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 2 72 theme three-dimensional 338:354 arg1 technique 365:373 a three-dimensional printing technique 336:373 a three-dimensional printing technique 336:373 In this study, we fabricated new sustained release hydrogel scaffolds composited of mesoporous bioactive glass, sodium alginate and gelatin by a three-dimensional printing technique. 30426864 5 73 theme osteogenic 769:778 arg1 differentiation 780:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 8 74 theme released 1404:1411 arg1 drugs 1413:1417 released drugs 1404:1417 released drugs 1404:1417 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 8 75 theme osteogenesis-related 1479:1498 arg1 genes 1500:1504 osteogenesis-related genes 1479:1504 osteogenesis-related genes 1479:1504 MG-63 cells cultured with the extraction containing released drugs displayed promoted cell proliferation and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes more effectively compared with the drug-free extractions. 30426864 1 76 theme major 140:144 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 76 theme major 140:144 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 76 theme major 140:144 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 7 77 theme release 1142:1148 arg1 behaviour 1150:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 a steady sustained release behaviour 1123:1158 Furthermore, the naringin or calcitonin gene-related peptide co-printed into the scaffold displayed a steady sustained release behaviour for up to 21 days without an initial burst release, while both naringin and calcitonin gene-related peptide absorbed onto the surface of the scaffold were completely released within two days. 30426864 1 78 theme challenge 146:154 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 78 theme challenge 146:154 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 78 theme challenge 146:154 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 9 79 theme potential 1709:1717 arg1 application 1719:1729 a potential application 1707:1729 a potential application for bone tissue engineering 1707:1757 Therefore, these results demonstrate that the developed mesoporous bioactive glass/sodium alginate/gelatin sustained release scaffolds provide a potential application for bone tissue engineering. 30426864 5 80 theme human 799:803 arg1 cell 827:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell 799:830 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 1 81 theme fabricating 156:166 arg1 engineering 180:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering 138:190 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 81 theme fabricating 156:166 arg1 delivery 113:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery 108:120 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 1 81 theme fabricating 156:166 arg1 release 126:132 release 126:132 release 126:132 Drug delivery and release are a major challenge fabricating bone tissue engineering. 30426864 5 82 from effect 714:719 arg1 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 proliferation 751:763 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 30426864 5 82 from effect 714:719 arg1 differentiation 780:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 osteogenic differentiation 769:794 We also examined the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, as well as the effect of the released medium on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell. 31546464 1 0 used used 296:299 arg2 hydroxyapatite 262:275 hydroxyapatite 262:275 hydroxyapatite (HAP) 262:281 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 1 0 used used 296:299 arg2 HAP 278:280 HAP 278:280 HAP 278:280 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 7 1 theme HAP 1170:1172 arg1 HNTs 1174:1177 HAP@HNTs 1170:1177 HAP@HNTs 1170:1177 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 10 2 theme improved 1608:1615 arg1 properties 1632:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 4 3 theme @ 826:826 arg1 HNTs 827:830 HAP@HNTs 823:830 HAP@HNTs 823:830 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 4 4 theme surface 807:813 arg1 area 815:818 the specific surface area 794:818 the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 794:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 10 5 used used 1534:1537 arg2 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 5 used used 1534:1537 arg2 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 5 used used 1534:1537 arg2 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 1 6 theme biological 367:376 arg1 activity 378:385 biological activity 367:385 biological activity 367:385 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 3 7 theme particle 531:538 arg1 size 540:543 particle size 531:543 particle size 531:543 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 9 8 theme synthesis 1387:1395 arg1 routine 1397:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 1 9 theme Halloysite 123:132 arg1 nanotubes 134:142 Halloysite nanotubes 123:142 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) 123:149 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 1 9 theme Halloysite 123:132 arg1 HNTs 145:148 HNTs 145:148 HNTs 145:148 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 6 10 contain possess 1028:1034 arg2 ability 1063:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability 1036:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts 1036:1101 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 6 10 contain possess 1028:1034 arg1 HNTs 984:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 5 11 contain have 869:872 arg2 effect 881:886 little effect 874:886 little effect 874:886 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 5 11 contain have 869:872 arg1 nanoparticles 855:867 HAP nanoparticles 851:867 HAP nanoparticles 851:867 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 1 12 theme special 200:206 arg1 structure 216:224 their special tubular structure 194:224 their special tubular structure 194:224 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 0 13 from effect 59:64 arg1 differentiation 89:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation 69:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 69:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 8 14 theme HAP 1213:1215 arg1 HNTs 1217:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 8 14 theme HAP 1213:1215 arg1 phase 1248:1252 a functional phase 1235:1252 a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1235:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 10 15 theme HAP 1518:1520 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 15 theme HAP 1518:1520 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 15 theme HAP 1518:1520 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 3 16 theme surface 555:561 arg1 area 563:566 specific surface area 546:566 specific surface area 546:566 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 4 17 from increase 770:777 arg1 area 815:818 the specific surface area 794:818 the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 794:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 9 18 theme HAP 1418:1420 arg1 HNTs 1422:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 9 19 theme HNTs 1422:1425 arg1 routine 1397:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 9 20 theme @ 1421:1421 arg1 HNTs 1422:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 4 21 theme Rod-like 663:670 arg1 nanoparticles 676:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles 663:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles 663:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 1 22 theme tissue 304:309 arg1 engineering 311:321 tissue engineering 304:321 tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity 304:385 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 0 23 theme bioactive 15:23 arg1 halloysite 40:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 0 24 theme MC3T3-E1 69:76 arg1 differentiation 89:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation 69:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 69:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 2 25 theme reaction 497:504 arg1 process 506:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 0 26 from Preparation 0:10 arg1 differentiation 89:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation 69:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 69:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 4 27 theme clay 734:737 arg1 tubes 739:743 the clay tubes 730:743 the clay tubes 730:743 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 2 28 theme facial 477:482 arg1 process 506:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 10 29 theme novel 1541:1545 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 29 theme novel 1541:1545 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 29 theme novel 1541:1545 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 0 30 theme chitosan 108:115 arg1 differentiation 89:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation 69:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 69:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 9 31 theme HAP 1470:1472 arg1 properties 1498:1507 the good mechanical properties 1478:1507 the good mechanical properties of HNTs 1478:1515 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 9 31 theme HAP 1470:1472 arg1 activity 1458:1465 the osteogenic activity 1443:1465 the osteogenic activity of HAP 1443:1472 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 6 32 theme HAP 980:982 arg1 HNTs 984:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 4 33 theme outer 713:717 arg1 surface 719:725 the outer surface 709:725 the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 709:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 7 34 theme HNTs 1117:1120 arg1 films 1132:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 5 35 theme little 874:879 arg1 effect 881:886 little effect 874:886 little effect 874:886 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 2 36 theme halloysite 417:426 arg1 nanotubes 428:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes 402:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 2 36 theme halloysite 417:426 arg1 HNTs 442:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 8 37 theme chitosan 1294:1301 arg1 films 1303:1307 chitosan films 1294:1307 chitosan films 1294:1307 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 2 38 theme hydroxyapatite 402:415 arg1 nanotubes 428:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes 402:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 2 38 theme hydroxyapatite 402:415 arg1 HNTs 442:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 7 39 theme Chitosan/HAP 1104:1115 arg1 films 1132:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 9 40 theme mechanical 1487:1496 arg1 properties 1498:1507 the good mechanical properties 1478:1507 the good mechanical properties of HNTs 1478:1515 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 10 41 theme regeneration 1552:1563 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 41 theme regeneration 1552:1563 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 41 theme regeneration 1552:1563 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 0 42 theme @ 39:39 arg1 halloysite 40:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 2 43 theme @ 441:441 arg1 nanotubes 428:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes 402:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 2 43 theme @ 441:441 arg1 HNTs 442:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 3 44 theme hybrid 601:606 arg1 area 563:566 specific surface area 546:566 specific surface area 546:566 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 3 44 theme hybrid 601:606 arg1 size 540:543 particle size 531:543 particle size 531:543 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 3 44 theme hybrid 601:606 arg1 morphology 519:528 The morphology 515:528 The morphology 515:528 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 3 44 theme hybrid 601:606 arg1 composition 582:592 chemical composition 573:592 chemical composition 573:592 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 4 45 theme 4.7 m2/g 782:789 arg1 increase 770:777 a maximum increase 760:777 a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 760:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 6 46 theme osteogenic 1036:1045 arg1 ability 1063:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability 1036:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts 1036:1101 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 3 47 theme chemical 573:580 arg1 composition 582:592 chemical composition 573:592 chemical composition 573:592 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 8 48 theme MC3T3-E1 1343:1350 arg1 cells 1352:1356 MC3T3-E1 cells 1343:1356 MC3T3-E1 cells 1343:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 4 49 theme maximum 762:768 arg1 increase 770:777 a maximum increase 760:777 a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 760:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 10 50 theme delivery 1586:1593 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 50 theme delivery 1586:1593 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 50 theme delivery 1586:1593 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 1 51 theme tubular 208:214 arg1 structure 216:224 their special tubular structure 194:224 their special tubular structure 194:224 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 5 52 theme peak 926:929 arg1 strength 931:938 diffraction peak strength 914:938 diffraction peak strength of HNTs 914:946 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 6 53 theme improved 997:1004 arg1 cytocompatibility 1006:1022 improved cytocompatibility 997:1022 improved cytocompatibility 997:1022 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 10 54 theme osteoinductive 1617:1630 arg1 properties 1632:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 1 55 theme reinforcing 235:245 arg1 ability 247:253 high reinforcing ability 230:253 high reinforcing ability 230:253 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 7 56 theme @ 1173:1173 arg1 HNTs 1174:1177 HAP@HNTs 1170:1177 HAP@HNTs 1170:1177 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 9 57 theme HNTs 1512:1515 arg1 properties 1498:1507 the good mechanical properties 1478:1507 the good mechanical properties of HNTs 1478:1515 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 9 57 theme HNTs 1512:1515 arg1 activity 1458:1465 the osteogenic activity 1443:1465 the osteogenic activity of HAP 1443:1472 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 4 58 theme HAP 823:825 arg1 HNTs 827:830 HAP@HNTs 823:830 HAP@HNTs 823:830 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 6 59 theme differentiation 1047:1061 arg1 ability 1063:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability 1036:1069 osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts 1036:1101 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 1 60 theme biomedical 170:179 arg1 field 181:185 biomedical field 170:185 biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability 170:253 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 4 61 theme specific 798:805 arg1 area 815:818 the specific surface area 794:818 the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 794:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 6 62 theme MC3T3-E1 1079:1086 arg1 preosteoblasts 1088:1101 MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts 1079:1101 MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts 1079:1101 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 1 63 theme due 187:189 arg1 field 181:185 biomedical field 170:185 biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability 170:253 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 10 64 theme @ 1521:1521 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 64 theme @ 1521:1521 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 64 theme @ 1521:1521 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 3 65 theme specific 546:553 arg1 area 563:566 specific surface area 546:566 specific surface area 546:566 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 9 66 theme bioactive 1408:1416 arg1 HNTs 1422:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 bioactive HAP@HNTs 1408:1425 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 4 67 theme HNTs 827:830 arg1 area 815:818 the specific surface area 794:818 the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 794:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 5 68 theme HAP 851:853 arg1 nanoparticles 855:867 HAP nanoparticles 851:867 HAP nanoparticles 851:867 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 8 69 theme @ 1216:1216 arg1 HNTs 1217:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 8 69 theme @ 1216:1216 arg1 phase 1248:1252 a functional phase 1235:1252 a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1235:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 5 70 theme HAP 966:968 arg1 crystals 970:977 the HAP crystals 962:977 the HAP crystals 962:977 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 9 71 theme facial 1380:1385 arg1 routine 1397:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 a facial synthesis routine 1378:1403 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 1 72 used used 162:165 arg2 HNTs 145:148 HNTs 145:148 HNTs 145:148 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 1 72 used used 162:165 arg2 nanotubes 134:142 Halloysite nanotubes 123:142 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) 123:149 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 0 73 theme osteogenic 78:87 arg1 differentiation 89:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation 69:103 MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 69:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 4 74 theme HAP 672:674 arg1 nanoparticles 676:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles 663:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles 663:688 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 9 75 theme osteogenic 1447:1456 arg1 activity 1458:1465 the osteogenic activity 1443:1465 the osteogenic activity of HAP 1443:1472 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 2 76 theme hydrothermal 484:495 arg1 process 506:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 a facial hydrothermal reaction process 475:512 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 8 77 theme functional 1237:1246 arg1 HNTs 1217:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs 1213:1220 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 8 77 theme functional 1237:1246 arg1 phase 1248:1252 a functional phase 1235:1252 a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1235:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 7 78 theme composite 1122:1130 arg1 films 1132:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 1 79 theme excellent 336:344 arg1 biocompatibility 346:361 its excellent biocompatibility 332:361 its excellent biocompatibility 332:361 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 31546464 6 80 theme @ 983:983 arg1 HNTs 984:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs 980:987 HAP@HNTs exhibit improved cytocompatibility and possess osteogenic differentiation ability towards MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. 31546464 4 81 theme tubes 739:743 arg1 surface 719:725 the outer surface 709:725 the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs 709:848 Rod-like HAP nanoparticles can be anchored on the outer surface of the clay tubes, which lead to a maximum increase of 4.7 m2/g in the specific surface area of HAP@HNTs over that of HNTs. 31546464 7 82 theme @ 1116:1116 arg1 films 1132:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films 1104:1136 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 2 83 theme nanotubes 428:436 arg1 hybrid 448:453 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 8 84 theme mechanical 1269:1278 arg1 properties 1280:1289 mechanical properties 1269:1289 mechanical properties of chitosan films 1269:1307 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 0 85 theme hydroxyapatite 25:38 arg1 halloysite 40:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 15:49 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 9 86 theme good 1482:1485 arg1 properties 1498:1507 the good mechanical properties 1478:1507 the good mechanical properties of HNTs 1478:1515 This work provides a facial synthesis routine of bioactive HAP@HNTs, which combines the osteogenic activity of HAP and the good mechanical properties of HNTs. 31546464 2 87 theme @ 416:416 arg1 nanotubes 428:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes 402:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 2 87 theme @ 416:416 arg1 HNTs 442:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 0 88 theme halloysite 40:49 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite 0:49 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 0 88 theme halloysite 40:49 arg1 effect 59:64 its effect 55:64 its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film 55:120 Preparation of bioactive hydroxyapatite@halloysite and its effect on MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation of chitosan film. 31546464 8 89 theme films 1303:1307 arg1 properties 1280:1289 mechanical properties 1269:1289 mechanical properties of chitosan films 1269:1307 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 8 89 theme films 1303:1307 arg1 differentiation 1324:1338 osteogenic differentiation 1313:1338 osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1313:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 10 90 theme bone 1547:1550 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 90 theme bone 1547:1550 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 90 theme bone 1547:1550 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 91 with systems 1595:1601 arg1 properties 1632:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 improved osteoinductive properties 1608:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 5 92 theme HNTs 943:946 arg1 strength 931:938 diffraction peak strength 914:938 diffraction peak strength of HNTs 914:946 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 7 93 theme solution 1196:1203 arg1 mixing 1205:1210 solution mixing 1196:1210 solution mixing 1196:1210 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 2 94 theme HAP 438:440 arg1 nanotubes 428:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes 402:436 hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid 402:453 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 2 94 theme HAP 438:440 arg1 HNTs 442:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 HAP@HNTs 438:445 In this work, hydroxyapatite@halloysite nanotubes(HAP@HNTs) hybrid was synthesized via a facial hydrothermal reaction process. 31546464 3 95 theme different 641:649 arg1 techniques 651:660 different techniques 641:660 different techniques 641:660 The morphology, particle size, specific surface area, and chemical composition of the hybrid were thoroughly characterized by different techniques. 31546464 8 96 theme osteogenic 1313:1322 arg1 differentiation 1324:1338 osteogenic differentiation 1313:1338 osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1313:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 5 97 theme HNTs 904:907 arg1 pores 895:899 the pores 891:899 the pores of HNTs 891:907 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 10 98 theme local 1580:1584 arg1 systems 1595:1601 local delivery systems 1580:1601 local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties 1580:1641 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 98 theme local 1580:1584 arg1 biomaterial 1565:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 a novel bone regeneration biomaterial 1539:1575 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 10 98 theme local 1580:1584 arg1 HNTs 1522:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs 1518:1525 HAP@HNTs can be used a novel bone regeneration biomaterial as local delivery systems with improved osteoinductive properties. 31546464 5 99 theme diffraction 914:924 arg1 strength 931:938 diffraction peak strength 914:938 diffraction peak strength of HNTs 914:946 HAP nanoparticles have little effect on the pores of HNTs, but diffraction peak strength of HNTs is covered by the HAP crystals. 31546464 7 100 theme HNTs 1174:1177 arg1 doping 1160:1165 doping 1160:1165 doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan 1160:1191 Chitosan/HAP@HNTs composite films were then prepared by doping of HAP@HNTs into chitosan by solution mixing. 31546464 8 101 theme cells 1352:1356 arg1 properties 1280:1289 mechanical properties 1269:1289 mechanical properties of chitosan films 1269:1307 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 8 101 theme cells 1352:1356 arg1 differentiation 1324:1338 osteogenic differentiation 1313:1338 osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells 1313:1356 HAP@HNTs can serve as a functional phase which enhances mechanical properties of chitosan films and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 31546464 1 102 theme high 230:233 arg1 ability 247:253 high reinforcing ability 230:253 high reinforcing ability 230:253 Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are widely used in biomedical field due to their special tubular structure and high reinforcing ability, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) is generally used in tissue engineering owing to its excellent biocompatibility and biological activity. 29927098 0 0 theme Personalized 89:100 arg1 Modeling 110:117 Personalized Disease Modeling 89:117 Personalized Disease Modeling 89:117 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 3 1 theme tissue-engineered 320:336 arg1 constructs 338:347 These tissue-engineered constructs 314:347 These tissue-engineered constructs 314:347 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 5 2 theme John 631:634 arg1 Sons 644:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 29927098 4 3 theme easy 506:509 arg1 scalability 511:521 easy scalability 506:521 easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types 506:618 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 5 4 theme Wiley 636:640 arg1 Sons 644:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 29927098 1 5 theme lung 169:172 arg1 organoids 174:182 lung organoids 169:182 lung organoids 169:182 This unit describes a protocol for generation of lung organoids. 29927098 4 6 theme generation 457:466 arg1 flexible 483:490 flexible 483:490 flexible 483:490 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 4 6 theme generation 457:466 arg1 methodology 468:478 The organoid generation methodology 444:478 The organoid generation methodology 444:478 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 4 7 from scalability 511:521 arg1 number 530:535 the number 526:535 the number of organoids produced 526:557 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 4 7 from scalability 511:521 arg1 ability 570:576 the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types 566:618 the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types 566:618 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 2 8 theme human 295:299 arg1 lung 308:311 the human distal lung 291:311 the human distal lung 291:311 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 4 9 theme wide 595:598 arg1 range 600:604 a wide range 593:604 a wide range of cell types 593:618 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 0 10 theme Disease 102:108 arg1 Modeling 110:117 Personalized Disease Modeling 89:117 Personalized Disease Modeling 89:117 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 3 11 theme in 360:361 arg1 model 369:373 an in vitro model 357:373 an in vitro model of human lung 357:387 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 1 12 theme organoids 174:182 arg1 generation 155:164 generation 155:164 generation of lung organoids 155:182 This unit describes a protocol for generation of lung organoids. 29927098 2 13 dep morphology 252:261 arg1 the 248:250 the 248:250 the 248:250 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 3 14 theme modeling 421:428 arg1 applications 430:441 disease modeling applications 413:441 disease modeling applications 413:441 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 3 15 theme human 378:382 arg1 lung 384:387 human lung 378:387 human lung 378:387 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 2 16 theme lung 308:311 arg1 morphology 252:261 morphology 252:261 morphology 252:261 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 16 theme lung 308:311 arg1 composition 276:286 cellular composition 267:286 cellular composition 267:286 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 3 17 theme lung 384:387 arg1 model 369:373 an in vitro model 357:373 an in vitro model of human lung 357:387 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 2 18 theme lung 187:190 arg1 composite 223:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite 204:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung 204:311 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 18 theme lung 187:190 arg1 organoid 192:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 19 theme distal 301:306 arg1 lung 308:311 the human distal lung 291:311 the human distal lung 291:311 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 0 20 theme Technology 50:59 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology 0:59 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 4 21 theme organoid 448:455 arg1 flexible 483:490 flexible 483:490 flexible 483:490 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 4 21 theme organoid 448:455 arg1 methodology 468:478 The organoid generation methodology 444:478 The organoid generation methodology 444:478 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 0 22 theme Bioengineering 35:48 arg1 Technology 50:59 a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology 15:59 a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology 15:59 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 3 23 theme disease 413:419 arg1 applications 430:441 disease modeling applications 413:441 disease modeling applications 413:441 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 0 24 theme Three-Dimensional 17:33 arg1 Technology 50:59 a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology 15:59 a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology 15:59 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 3 25 dep in 360:361 arg1 vitro 363:367 vitro 363:367 vitro 363:367 These tissue-engineered constructs provide an in vitro model of human lung and are best suited for disease modeling applications. 29927098 2 26 theme 3D 206:207 arg1 composite 223:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite 204:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung 204:311 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 26 theme 3D 206:207 arg1 organoid 192:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 27 theme cell/hydrogel 209:221 arg1 composite 223:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite 204:231 a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung 204:311 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 2 27 theme cell/hydrogel 209:221 arg1 organoid 192:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid 185:199 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 5 28 theme & 642:642 arg1 Sons 644:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 John Wiley & Sons 631:647 © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 29927098 4 29 theme organoids 540:548 arg1 number 530:535 the number 526:535 the number of organoids produced 526:557 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 2 30 theme cellular 267:274 arg1 composition 276:286 cellular composition 267:286 cellular composition 267:286 A lung organoid is a 3D cell/hydrogel composite that resembles the morphology and cellular composition of the human distal lung. 29927098 4 31 theme types 614:618 arg1 range 600:604 a wide range 593:604 a wide range of cell types 593:618 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 29927098 0 32 theme Lung 73:76 arg1 Tissue 78:83 Lung Tissue 73:83 Lung Tissue 73:83 Development of a Three-Dimensional Bioengineering Technology to Generate Lung Tissue for Personalized Disease Modeling. 29927098 4 33 theme cell 609:612 arg1 types 614:618 cell types 609:618 cell types 609:618 The organoid generation methodology is flexible, allowing for easy scalability in the number of organoids produced and in the ability to accommodate a wide range of cell types. 31512250 3 0 theme P < 0.05 501:508 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 1 theme holding 534:540 arg1 capacity 542:549 water holding capacity 528:549 water holding capacity 528:549 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 2 theme native 1560:1565 arg1 starches 1567:1574 these typical native starches 1546:1574 these typical native starches 1546:1574 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 3 theme magnetic 1217:1224 arg1 resonance 1226:1234 nuclear magnetic resonance 1209:1234 nuclear magnetic resonance tests 1209:1240 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 4 4 theme typical 866:872 arg1 starch 874:879 different typical starch 856:879 different typical starch 856:879 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 3 5 theme composite 557:565 arg1 gel 567:569 MP composite gel 554:569 MP composite gel 554:569 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 5 6 theme scanning 896:903 arg1 microscopy 914:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 7 contain has 1384:1386 arg1 starch 1377:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 7 contain has 1384:1386 arg2 impacts 1395:1401 varied impacts 1388:1401 varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels 1388:1499 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 8 theme CONCLUSION 1341:1350 arg1 starch 1377:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 9 theme no 1075:1076 arg1 particles 1078:1086 almost no particles 1068:1086 almost no particles forming at 80 °C. 1068:1104 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 1 10 theme Composite 120:128 arg1 gels 130:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels 109:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels 109:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 3 11 theme Rheological 581:591 arg1 properties 593:602 80 °C. Rheological properties 574:602 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites 574:626 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 1 12 theme typical 217:223 arg1 starch 232:237 typical native starch 217:237 typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 217:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 13 dep starch 232:237 arg1 starch 270:275 corn starch 265:275 corn starch 265:275 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 13 dep starch 232:237 arg1 tapioca 248:254 tapioca 248:254 tapioca 248:254 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 13 dep starch 232:237 arg1 potato 240:245 potato 240:245 potato 240:245 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 13 dep starch 232:237 arg1 rice 257:260 rice 257:260 rice 257:260 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 5 14 theme starch 1055:1060 arg1 temperature 1014:1024 the pasting temperature 1002:1024 the pasting temperature 1002:1024 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 14 theme starch 1055:1060 arg1 size 1039:1042 particle size 1030:1042 particle size of typical starch 1030:1060 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 15 theme filling 941:947 arg1 related 991:997 related 991:997 related 991:997 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 15 theme filling 941:947 arg1 effect 949:954 the filling effect 937:954 the filling effect of starch on the composite gel 937:985 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 16 theme textural 1611:1618 arg1 properties 1620:1629 the textural properties 1607:1629 the textural properties in comminuted meat products 1607:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 4 17 theme promoting 724:732 arg1 effect 734:739 the promoting effect 720:739 the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels 720:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 1 18 from starch 232:237 arg1 pH 6.2 301:306 pH 6.2 301:306 pH 6.2 301:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 18 from starch 232:237 arg1 NaCl 293:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl 281:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 281:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 3 19 theme composites 617:626 arg1 properties 593:602 80 °C. Rheological properties 574:602 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites 574:626 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 20 theme addition 1582:1589 arg1 feasibility 1531:1541 feasibility 1531:1541 feasibility 1531:1541 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 20 theme addition 1582:1589 arg1 potential 1517:1525 potential 1517:1525 potential 1517:1525 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 20 theme addition 1582:1589 arg1 agent 1591:1595 an addition agent 1579:1595 an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products 1579:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 21 theme holding 1295:1301 arg1 capacity 1303:1310 the water holding capacity 1285:1310 the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels 1285:1338 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 22 from impacts 1395:1401 arg1 microstructure 1475:1488 microstructure 1475:1488 microstructure 1475:1488 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 22 from impacts 1395:1401 arg1 capacity 1438:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 22 from impacts 1395:1401 arg1 properties 1460:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 22 from impacts 1395:1401 arg1 strength 1414:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 23 theme holding 1430:1436 arg1 capacity 1438:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 24 theme varied 1388:1393 arg1 impacts 1395:1401 varied impacts 1388:1401 varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels 1388:1499 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 25 theme starch 1132:1137 arg1 addition 1120:1127 the addition 1116:1127 the addition of starch 1116:1137 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 1 26 theme 20 g kg-1 167:175 arg1 MP 199:200 MP 199:200 MP 199:200 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 26 theme 20 g kg-1 167:175 arg1 protein 190:196 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein 167:196 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 167:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 0 27 from Effect 0:5 arg1 characterization 63:78 NMR characterization 59:78 NMR characterization 59:78 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 0 27 from Effect 0:5 arg1 properties 44:53 rheological properties 32:53 rheological properties 32:53 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 4 28 theme storage 758:764 arg1 modulus 766:772 the storage modulus 754:772 the storage modulus of the composite gels 754:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 0 29 theme myofibrillar 83:94 arg1 gel 104:106 myofibrillar protein gel 83:106 myofibrillar protein gel 83:106 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 0 30 theme gel 104:106 arg1 characterization 63:78 NMR characterization 59:78 NMR characterization 59:78 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 0 30 theme gel 104:106 arg1 properties 44:53 rheological properties 32:53 rheological properties 32:53 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 5 31 from effect 949:954 arg1 gel 983:985 the composite gel 969:985 the composite gel 969:985 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 2 32 theme composite 437:445 arg1 gels 447:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 2 33 theme myofibrillar 409:420 arg1 gels 447:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 2 34 theme water 327:331 arg1 capacity 341:348 water holding capacity 327:348 water holding capacity 327:348 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 0 35 dep properties 44:53 arg1 the 28:30 the 28:30 the 28:30 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 0 36 theme typical 10:16 arg1 starch 18:23 typical starch 10:23 typical starch 10:23 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 5 37 theme composite 973:981 arg1 gel 983:985 the composite gel 969:985 the composite gel 969:985 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 38 theme composite 1325:1333 arg1 gels 1335:1338 MP-starch composite gels 1315:1338 MP-starch composite gels 1315:1338 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 4 39 theme gelatinization 827:840 arg1 properties 842:851 the gelatinization properties 823:851 the gelatinization properties of different typical starch 823:879 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 2 40 theme gel 313:315 arg1 strength 317:324 The gel strength 309:324 The gel strength 309:324 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 0 41 theme rheological 32:42 arg1 properties 44:53 rheological properties 32:53 rheological properties 32:53 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 5 42 theme peak 1162:1165 arg1 area 1167:1170 the relaxation peak area 1147:1170 the relaxation peak area 1147:1170 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 43 theme typical 1047:1053 arg1 starch 1055:1060 typical starch 1047:1060 typical starch 1047:1060 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 3 44 theme types 682:686 arg1 addition 660:667 the addition 656:667 the addition of different types of native starch 656:703 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 4 45 theme composite 781:789 arg1 gels 791:794 the composite gels 777:794 the composite gels 777:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 3 46 theme RESULTS 468:474 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 5 47 theme resonance 1226:1234 arg1 tests 1236:1240 nuclear magnetic resonance tests 1209:1240 nuclear magnetic resonance tests 1209:1240 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 48 theme pasting 1006:1012 arg1 temperature 1014:1024 the pasting temperature 1002:1024 the pasting temperature 1002:1024 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 2 49 theme holding 333:339 arg1 capacity 341:348 water holding capacity 327:348 water holding capacity 327:348 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 6 50 theme MP 1493:1494 arg1 gels 1496:1499 MP gels 1493:1499 MP gels 1493:1499 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 51 theme relaxation 1151:1160 arg1 area 1167:1170 the relaxation peak area 1147:1170 the relaxation peak area 1147:1170 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 4 52 theme starch 874:879 arg1 properties 842:851 the gelatinization properties 823:851 the gelatinization properties of different typical starch 823:879 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 6 53 dep potential 1517:1525 arg1 the 1513:1515 the 1513:1515 the 1513:1515 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 3 54 theme native 691:696 arg1 starch 698:703 native starch 691:703 native starch 691:703 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 55 theme water 528:532 arg1 capacity 542:549 water holding capacity 528:549 water holding capacity 528:549 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 5 56 theme nuclear 1209:1215 arg1 resonance 1226:1234 nuclear magnetic resonance 1209:1234 nuclear magnetic resonance tests 1209:1240 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 3 57 theme starch 484:489 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 58 theme typical 1552:1558 arg1 starches 1567:1574 these typical native starches 1546:1574 these typical native starches 1546:1574 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 1 59 theme myofibrillar 177:188 arg1 MP 199:200 MP 199:200 MP 199:200 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 59 theme myofibrillar 177:188 arg1 protein 190:196 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein 167:196 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 167:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 6 60 theme gel 1410:1412 arg1 strength 1414:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 3 61 theme MP 554:555 arg1 gel 567:569 MP composite gel 554:569 MP composite gel 554:569 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 5 62 theme Environmental 882:894 arg1 microscopy 914:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 4 63 theme different 856:864 arg1 starch 874:879 different typical starch 856:879 different typical starch 856:879 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 6 64 theme Different 1352:1360 arg1 starch 1377:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 65 from properties 1620:1629 arg1 products 1650:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 66 with related 991:997 arg1 particles 1078:1086 almost no particles 1068:1086 almost no particles forming at 80 °C. 1068:1104 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 3 67 theme 80 °C. 574:579 arg1 properties 593:602 80 °C. Rheological properties 574:602 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites 574:626 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 68 theme gel 567:569 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 68 theme gel 567:569 arg1 capacity 542:549 water holding capacity 528:549 water holding capacity 528:549 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 1 69 theme BACKGROUND 109:118 arg1 gels 130:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels 109:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels 109:133 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 3 70 theme MP-starch 607:615 arg1 composites 617:626 MP-starch composites 607:626 MP-starch composites 607:626 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 5 71 theme water 1289:1293 arg1 capacity 1303:1310 the water holding capacity 1285:1310 the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels 1285:1338 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 0 72 theme NMR 59:61 arg1 characterization 63:78 NMR characterization 59:78 NMR characterization 59:78 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 5 73 theme electron 905:912 arg1 microscopy 914:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy 882:923 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 1 74 theme native 225:230 arg1 starch 232:237 typical native starch 217:237 typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 217:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 6 75 theme starches 1567:1574 arg1 feasibility 1531:1541 feasibility 1531:1541 feasibility 1531:1541 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 75 theme starches 1567:1574 arg1 potential 1517:1525 potential 1517:1525 potential 1517:1525 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 75 theme starches 1567:1574 arg1 agent 1591:1595 an addition agent 1579:1595 an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products 1579:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 0 76 theme protein 96:102 arg1 gel 104:106 myofibrillar protein gel 83:106 myofibrillar protein gel 83:106 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 3 77 from properties 593:602 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 77 from properties 593:602 arg1 capacity 542:549 water holding capacity 528:549 water holding capacity 528:549 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 78 theme native 1370:1375 arg1 starch 1377:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 79 theme gels 1335:1338 arg1 capacity 1303:1310 the water holding capacity 1285:1310 the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels 1285:1338 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 80 theme meat 1645:1648 arg1 products 1650:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 2 81 theme rheological 351:361 arg1 properties 363:372 rheological properties 351:372 rheological properties 351:372 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 6 82 theme rheological 1448:1458 arg1 properties 1460:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 83 theme starch 959:964 arg1 related 991:997 related 991:997 related 991:997 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 83 theme starch 959:964 arg1 effect 949:954 the filling effect 937:954 the filling effect of starch on the composite gel 937:985 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 2 84 theme protein-starch 422:435 arg1 gels 447:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 0 85 theme starch 18:23 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 0:107 Effect of typical starch on the rheological properties and NMR characterization of myofibrillar protein gel. 31512250 1 86 theme corn 265:268 arg1 starch 270:275 corn starch 265:275 corn starch 265:275 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 4 87 from effect 734:739 arg1 modulus 766:772 the storage modulus 754:772 the storage modulus of the composite gels 754:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 7 88 theme Chemical 1678:1685 arg1 Industry 1687:1694 Chemical Industry 1678:1694 Chemical Industry 1678:1694 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 31512250 2 89 theme obtained 400:407 arg1 gels 447:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 396:450 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 4 90 theme starch 744:749 arg1 effect 734:739 the promoting effect 720:739 the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels 720:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 5 91 theme MP-starch 1315:1323 arg1 gels 1335:1338 MP-starch composite gels 1315:1338 MP-starch composite gels 1315:1338 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 92 theme water 1424:1428 arg1 capacity 1438:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 5 93 theme relaxation 1190:1199 arg1 time 1201:1204 the relaxation time 1186:1204 the relaxation time 1186:1204 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 5 94 theme particle 1030:1037 arg1 size 1039:1042 particle size 1030:1042 particle size of typical starch 1030:1060 Environmental scanning electron microscopy showed that the filling effect of starch on the composite gel was related to the pasting temperature and particle size of typical starch, with almost no particles forming at 80 °C. Moreover, the addition of starch changed the relaxation peak area and increased the relaxation time in nuclear magnetic resonance tests, which suggested that starch could improve the water holding capacity of MP-starch composite gels. 31512250 6 95 theme typical 1362:1368 arg1 starch 1377:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch 1341:1382 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 1 96 from pH 6.2 301:306 arg1 NaCl 293:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl 281:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 281:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 96 from pH 6.2 301:306 arg1 starch 232:237 typical native starch 217:237 typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 217:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 1 97 theme 0.6 mol L-1 281:291 arg1 NaCl 293:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl 281:296 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2 281:306 BACKGROUND Composite gels were individually prepared from 20 g kg-1 myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with typical native starch (potato, tapioca, rice or corn starch) in 0.6 mol L-1 NaCl at pH 6.2. 31512250 2 98 theme gels 447:450 arg1 microstructure 378:391 microstructure 378:391 microstructure 378:391 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 2 98 theme gels 447:450 arg1 capacity 341:348 water holding capacity 327:348 water holding capacity 327:348 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 2 98 theme gels 447:450 arg1 properties 363:372 rheological properties 351:372 rheological properties 351:372 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 2 98 theme gels 447:450 arg1 strength 317:324 The gel strength 309:324 The gel strength 309:324 The gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of the obtained myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels were evaluated. 31512250 3 99 theme different 672:680 arg1 types 682:686 different types 672:686 different types of native starch 672:703 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 3 100 theme improved 491:498 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 101 theme comminuted 1634:1643 arg1 products 1650:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 comminuted meat products 1634:1657 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 3 102 theme Tapioca 476:482 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 6 103 theme gels 1496:1499 arg1 microstructure 1475:1488 microstructure 1475:1488 microstructure 1475:1488 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 103 theme gels 1496:1499 arg1 capacity 1438:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 water holding capacity 1424:1445 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 103 theme gels 1496:1499 arg1 properties 1460:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 rheological properties 1448:1469 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 6 103 theme gels 1496:1499 arg1 strength 1414:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 the gel strength 1406:1421 CONCLUSION Different typical native starch has varied impacts on the gel strength, water holding capacity, rheological properties and microstructure of MP gels, indicating the potential and feasibility of these typical native starches as an addition agent to modify the textural properties in comminuted meat products. 31512250 3 104 theme starch 698:703 arg1 types 682:686 different types 672:686 different types of native starch 672:703 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31512250 4 105 theme gels 791:794 arg1 modulus 766:772 the storage modulus 754:772 the storage modulus of the composite gels 754:794 Additionally, the promoting effect of starch on the storage modulus of the composite gels positively correlated with the gelatinization properties of different typical starch. 31512250 3 106 theme gel 511:513 arg1 strength 515:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength 468:522 RESULTS Tapioca starch improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water holding capacity of MP composite gel at 80 °C. Rheological properties of MP-starch composites differed significantly with the addition of different types of native starch. 31923998 7 0 theme @ 1233:1233 arg1 CS 1234:1235 ALG/CAP@CS 1226:1235 ALG/CAP@CS 1226:1235 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 0 theme @ 1233:1233 arg1 films 1240:1244 20 films 1237:1244 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films 1225:1244 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 6 1 theme alkaline 1010:1017 arg1 solutions 1019:1027 alkaline solutions 1010:1027 alkaline solutions 1010:1027 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 9 2 theme maximum 1530:1536 arg1 decrease 1538:1545 the maximum decrease 1526:1545 the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days 1526:1591 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 CS 657:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 CS 692:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 CS 673:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 20 660:661 20 660:661 20 660:661 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg2 CAP 629:631 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP 602:631 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days 602:748 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 20 676:677 20 676:677 20 676:677 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 3 attach releasing 633:641 arg1 films 698:702 20 films 695:702 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films 683:702 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 3 4 theme CS 493:494 arg1 films 507:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 5 theme /CAP 488:491 arg1 films 507:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 8 6 theme marine 1397:1402 arg1 environment 1404:1414 the marine environment 1393:1414 the marine environment 1393:1414 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 10 7 theme antifouling 1741:1751 arg1 application 1762:1772 new antifouling coatings application 1737:1772 new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment 1737:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 7 8 theme PVA/CAP 1191:1197 arg1 CS 1199:1200 PVA/CAP@CS 1191:1200 PVA/CAP@CS 1191:1200 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 8 theme PVA/CAP 1191:1197 arg1 % 1173:1173 95.0% 1169:1173 95.0% 1169:1173 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 2 9 theme biofouling 300:309 arg1 process 311:317 the biofouling process 296:317 the biofouling process 296:317 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 2 9 theme biofouling 300:309 arg1 tougher 322:328 tougher 322:328 tougher 322:328 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 4 10 theme 11.55 ppb 779:787 arg1 CAP 789:791 11.55 ppb CAP 779:791 11.55 ppb CAP 779:791 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 6 11 theme fast 1055:1058 arg1 release 1047:1053 the CAP release fast 1039:1058 the CAP release fast in acid solutions 1039:1076 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 10 12 theme CS 1606:1607 arg1 film 1609:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film 1594:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties 1594:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 2 13 theme agents 253:258 arg1 faster 268:273 faster 268:273 faster 268:273 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 2 13 theme agents 253:258 arg1 behavior 241:248 the releasing behavior 227:248 the releasing behavior of agents 227:258 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 6 14 theme CAP 1043:1045 arg1 release 1047:1053 the CAP release fast 1039:1058 the CAP release fast in acid solutions 1039:1076 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 10 15 theme ALG/CAP 1598:1604 arg1 film 1609:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film 1594:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties 1594:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 8 16 from days 1325:1328 arg1 solution 1342:1349 alkaline solution 1333:1349 alkaline solution 1333:1349 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 10 17 theme best-controlled 1623:1637 arg1 performance 1647:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 4 18 theme alkaline 812:819 arg1 solutions 821:829 alkaline solutions 812:829 alkaline solutions 812:829 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 9 19 from decrease 1538:1545 arg1 solution 1570:1577 acid solution 1565:1577 acid solution 1565:1577 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 6 20 from release 1047:1053 arg1 solutions 1068:1076 acid solutions 1063:1076 acid solutions 1063:1076 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 0 21 theme smart 73:77 arg1 coatings 79:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 3 22 theme marine 571:576 arg1 environments 578:589 marine environments 571:589 marine environments 571:589 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 1 23 theme antifouling 170:180 arg1 coatings 182:189 antifouling coatings 170:189 antifouling coatings 170:189 Antifouling biocides releasing restricts the longevity of antifouling coatings. 31923998 4 24 located found 803:807 arg2 CAP 789:791 11.55 ppb CAP 779:791 11.55 ppb CAP 779:791 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 24 located found 803:807 arg2 13.07 762:766 13.07 762:766 13.07 762:766 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 24 located found 803:807 arg1 solutions 821:829 alkaline solutions 812:829 alkaline solutions 812:829 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 24 located found 803:807 arg2 12.95 769:773 12.95 769:773 12.95 769:773 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 25 theme PVA/CAP 649:655 arg1 CS 657:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 25 theme PVA/CAP 649:655 arg1 20 660:661 20 660:661 20 660:661 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 10 26 theme long-term 1663:1671 arg1 properties 1687:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 0 27 from Antifouling 0:10 arg1 environments 98:109 marine environments 91:109 marine environments 91:109 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 10 28 with film 1609:1612 arg1 performance 1647:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 10 28 with film 1609:1612 arg1 properties 1687:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 9 29 theme @ 1484:1484 arg1 CS 1485:1486 PEG/CAP@CS 1477:1486 PEG/CAP@CS 1477:1486 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 9 29 theme @ 1484:1484 arg1 film 1491:1494 20 film 1488:1494 (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film 1476:1494 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 9 30 theme similar 1431:1437 arg1 properties 1453:1462 similar antibacterial properties 1431:1462 similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film 1431:1494 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 3 31 theme @ 433:433 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 31 theme @ 433:433 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 32 theme capsaicin-based 357:371 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 32 theme capsaicin-based 357:371 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 4 33 theme @ 672:672 arg1 20 676:677 20 676:677 20 676:677 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 33 theme @ 672:672 arg1 CS 673:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 0 34 theme antibacterial 16:28 arg1 behaviors 30:38 antibacterial behaviors 16:38 antibacterial behaviors 16:38 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 3 35 theme polyvinyl 439:447 arg1 alcohol 449:455 polyvinyl alcohol 439:455 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 35 theme polyvinyl 439:447 arg1 PVA 458:460 PVA 458:460 PVA 458:460 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 4 36 theme same 855:858 arg1 time 860:863 the same time 851:863 the same time 851:863 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 8 37 theme @ 1291:1291 arg1 CS 1292:1293 ALG/CAP@CS 1284:1293 ALG/CAP@CS 1284:1293 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 8 37 theme @ 1291:1291 arg1 film 1298:1301 20 film 1295:1301 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film 1283:1301 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 3 38 theme @ 466:466 arg1 CS 467:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 0 39 theme pH 59:60 arg1 coatings 79:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 7 40 theme antibacterial 1093:1105 arg1 properties 1107:1116 the antibacterial properties 1089:1116 the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa 1089:1137 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 9 41 theme @ 1505:1505 arg1 CS 1506:1507 PVA/CAP@CS 1498:1507 PVA/CAP@CS 1498:1507 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 9 41 theme @ 1505:1505 arg1 film 1512:1515 20 film 1509:1515 (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film 1497:1515 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 3 42 dep series 347:352 arg1 films 507:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 4 43 theme ALG/CAP 684:690 arg1 CS 692:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 43 theme ALG/CAP 684:690 arg1 films 698:702 20 films 695:702 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films 683:702 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 8 44 theme alkaline 1333:1340 arg1 solution 1342:1349 alkaline solution 1333:1349 alkaline solution 1333:1349 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 8 45 theme film 1298:1301 arg1 bacteriostasis 1265:1278 The bacteriostasis 1261:1278 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film 1261:1301 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 3 46 theme @ 415:415 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 46 theme @ 415:415 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 7 47 theme ALG/CAP 1226:1232 arg1 CS 1234:1235 ALG/CAP@CS 1226:1235 ALG/CAP@CS 1226:1235 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 47 theme ALG/CAP 1226:1232 arg1 films 1240:1244 20 films 1237:1244 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films 1225:1244 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 10 48 theme new 1737:1739 arg1 application 1762:1772 new antifouling coatings application 1737:1772 new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment 1737:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 3 49 theme @ 492:492 arg1 films 507:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 7 50 theme PEG/CAP 1207:1213 arg1 CS 1215:1216 PEG/CAP@CS 1207:1216 PEG/CAP@CS 1207:1216 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 50 theme PEG/CAP 1207:1213 arg1 % 1166:1166 about 95.84% 1155:1166 about 95.84% 1155:1166 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 9 51 theme PVA/CAP 1498:1504 arg1 CS 1506:1507 PVA/CAP@CS 1498:1507 PVA/CAP@CS 1498:1507 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 9 51 theme PVA/CAP 1498:1504 arg1 film 1512:1515 20 film 1509:1515 (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film 1497:1515 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 7 52 theme @ 1214:1214 arg1 CS 1215:1216 PEG/CAP@CS 1207:1216 PEG/CAP@CS 1207:1216 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 52 theme @ 1214:1214 arg1 % 1166:1166 about 95.84% 1155:1166 about 95.84% 1155:1166 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 6 53 theme low 997:999 arg1 level 1001:1005 a low level 995:1005 a low level 995:1005 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 10 54 theme coatings 1753:1760 arg1 application 1762:1772 new antifouling coatings application 1737:1772 new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment 1737:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 6 55 theme acid 1063:1066 arg1 solutions 1068:1076 acid solutions 1063:1076 acid solutions 1063:1076 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 4 56 theme pH 723:724 arg1 solutions 728:736 pH 4 solutions 723:736 pH 4 solutions 723:736 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 3 57 theme multilayer 496:505 arg1 films 507:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 /CAP@CS multilayer films 488:511 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 6 58 theme CAP 980:982 arg1 release 984:990 the CAP release 976:990 the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions 976:1027 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 9 59 theme acid 1565:1568 arg1 solution 1570:1577 acid solution 1565:1577 acid solution 1565:1577 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 5 60 theme films 905:909 arg1 types 896:900 All these three types 880:900 All these three types of films 880:909 All these three types of films exhibit extraordinary pH responsive properties. 31923998 3 61 theme antimicrobial 543:555 arg1 properties 557:566 antimicrobial properties 543:566 antimicrobial properties 543:566 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 10 62 theme novel 1707:1711 arg1 guidance 1713:1720 novel guidance 1707:1720 novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment 1707:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 10 63 theme @ 1605:1605 arg1 film 1609:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film 1594:1612 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties 1594:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 5 64 theme extraordinary 919:931 arg1 properties 947:956 extraordinary pH responsive properties 919:956 extraordinary pH responsive properties 919:956 All these three types of films exhibit extraordinary pH responsive properties. 31923998 4 65 theme @ 656:656 arg1 CS 657:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 PVA/CAP@CS 649:658 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 65 theme @ 656:656 arg1 20 660:661 20 660:661 20 660:661 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 0 66 theme coatings 79:86 arg1 Antifouling 0:10 Antifouling 0:10 Antifouling 0:10 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 0 66 theme coatings 79:86 arg1 behaviors 30:38 antibacterial behaviors 16:38 antibacterial behaviors 16:38 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 9 67 theme antibacterial 1439:1451 arg1 properties 1453:1462 similar antibacterial properties 1431:1462 similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film 1431:1494 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 0 68 from behaviors 30:38 arg1 environments 98:109 marine environments 91:109 marine environments 91:109 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 0 69 theme marine 91:96 arg1 environments 98:109 marine environments 91:109 marine environments 91:109 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 1 70 theme coatings 182:189 arg1 longevity 157:165 the longevity 153:165 the longevity of antifouling coatings 153:189 Antifouling biocides releasing restricts the longevity of antifouling coatings. 31923998 7 71 theme @ 1198:1198 arg1 CS 1199:1200 PVA/CAP@CS 1191:1200 PVA/CAP@CS 1191:1200 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 7 71 theme @ 1198:1198 arg1 % 1173:1173 95.0% 1169:1173 95.0% 1169:1173 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 10 72 theme marine 1781:1786 arg1 environment 1788:1798 the marine environment 1777:1798 the marine environment 1777:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 6 73 from level 1001:1005 arg1 release 984:990 the CAP release 976:990 the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions 976:1027 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 10 74 theme release 1639:1645 arg1 performance 1647:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 the best-controlled release performance 1619:1657 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 5 75 theme responsive 936:945 arg1 properties 947:956 extraordinary pH responsive properties 919:956 extraordinary pH responsive properties 919:956 All these three types of films exhibit extraordinary pH responsive properties. 31923998 9 76 theme PEG/CAP 1477:1483 arg1 CS 1485:1486 PEG/CAP@CS 1477:1486 PEG/CAP@CS 1477:1486 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 9 76 theme PEG/CAP 1477:1483 arg1 film 1491:1494 20 film 1488:1494 (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film 1476:1494 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 3 77 theme glycol/capsaicin 399:414 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 77 theme glycol/capsaicin 399:414 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 6 78 from release 984:990 arg1 solutions 1019:1027 alkaline solutions 1010:1027 alkaline solutions 1010:1027 They can control the CAP release at a low level in alkaline solutions, and make the CAP release fast in acid solutions. 31923998 1 79 theme Antifouling 112:122 arg1 biocides 124:131 Antifouling biocides 112:131 Antifouling biocides 112:131 Antifouling biocides releasing restricts the longevity of antifouling coatings. 31923998 3 80 theme pH-triggered 373:384 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 80 theme pH-triggered 373:384 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 8 81 theme ALG/CAP 1284:1290 arg1 CS 1292:1293 ALG/CAP@CS 1284:1293 ALG/CAP@CS 1284:1293 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 8 81 theme ALG/CAP 1284:1290 arg1 film 1298:1301 20 film 1295:1301 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film 1283:1301 The bacteriostasis of (ALG/CAP@CS)20 film keeps 92.73% after 60 days in alkaline solution, which means it is steadily controlled in the marine environment. 31923998 2 82 theme anchoring 210:218 arg1 state 220:224 the anchoring state 206:224 the anchoring state 206:224 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 4 83 theme PEG/CAP 665:671 arg1 20 676:677 20 676:677 20 676:677 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 83 theme PEG/CAP 665:671 arg1 CS 673:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 PEG/CAP@CS 665:674 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 0 84 theme capsaicin-based 43:57 arg1 coatings 79:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 3 85 theme PEG/CAP 426:432 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 85 theme PEG/CAP 426:432 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 86 theme alcohol 449:455 arg1 CS 467:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 0 87 theme responsive 62:71 arg1 coatings 79:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings 43:86 Antifouling and antibacterial behaviors of capsaicin-based pH responsive smart coatings in marine environments. 31923998 7 88 dep CS 1199:1200 arg1 for 1186:1188 for 1186:1188 for 1186:1188 Moreover, the antibacterial properties against P.aeruginosa are outstanding about 95.84%, 95.0% and 96.91% for (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films, respectively. 31923998 3 89 theme chitosan 416:423 arg1 alginate 474:481 alginate 474:481 alginate (ALG) 474:487 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 89 theme chitosan 416:423 arg1 CS 467:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 89 theme chitosan 416:423 arg1 series 347:352 a series 345:352 a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 345:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 89 theme chitosan 416:423 arg1 ALG 484:486 ALG 484:486 ALG 484:486 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 2 90 theme releasing 231:239 arg1 faster 268:273 faster 268:273 faster 268:273 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 2 90 theme releasing 231:239 arg1 behavior 241:248 the releasing behavior 227:248 the releasing behavior of agents 227:258 Compared with the anchoring state, the releasing behavior of agents is much faster on the voyage, while the biofouling process is tougher. 31923998 10 91 from application 1762:1772 arg1 environment 1788:1798 the marine environment 1777:1798 the marine environment 1777:1798 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 9 92 with decrease 1538:1545 arg1 % 1560:1560 about 92% 1552:1560 about 92% 1552:1560 Although with similar antibacterial properties to those of (PEG/CAP@CS)20 film, (PVA/CAP@CS)20 film displays the maximum decrease with about 92% in acid solution after 60 days. 31923998 3 93 theme /CAP 462:465 arg1 CS 467:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS 439:468 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 10 94 theme antibacterial 1673:1685 arg1 properties 1687:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 long-term antibacterial properties 1663:1696 The ALG/CAP@CS film with the best-controlled release performance and long-term antibacterial properties provides novel guidance for developing new antifouling coatings application in the marine environment. 31923998 4 95 theme @ 691:691 arg1 CS 692:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 ALG/CAP@CS 684:693 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 4 95 theme @ 691:691 arg1 films 698:702 20 films 695:702 (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films 683:702 There are 23.70, 23.35 and 22.06 ppb CAP releasing from (PVA/CAP@CS)20, (PEG/CAP@CS)20 and (ALG/CAP@CS)20 films after immersing in pH 4 solutions for 60 days, while only 13.07, 12.95 and 11.55 ppb CAP have been found in alkaline solutions after immersing for the same time, respectively. 31923998 3 96 theme polyethylene 386:397 arg1 chitosan 416:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan 357:423 capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS) 357:436 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 31923998 3 96 theme polyethylene 386:397 arg1 CS 434:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 PEG/CAP@CS 426:435 In this work, a series of capsaicin-based pH-triggered polyethylene glycol/capsaicin@chitosan (PEG/CAP@CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CAP@CS and alginate (ALG)/CAP@CS multilayer films are prepared with controlling antimicrobial properties in marine environments. 29859924 4 0 theme NMR 674:676 arg1 study 697:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 8 1 theme proposed 1475:1482 arg1 PLNs 1484:1487 proposed PLNs 1475:1487 proposed PLNs 1475:1487 Their absorption can be enhanced with proposed PLNs and preparation of this PLNs was also found to be easy comparing to other similar methods. 29859924 2 2 dep 0 451:451 arg1 to 453:454 to 453:454 to 453:454 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 2 dep 0 451:451 arg1 0.3 456:458 0.3 456:458 0.3 456:458 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 6 3 theme optimal 1142:1148 arg1 composition 1150:1160 the optimal composition 1138:1160 the optimal composition 1138:1160 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 4 4 from experiments 658:668 arg1 Results 641:647 Results 641:647 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study 641:701 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 1 5 theme oral 235:238 arg1 enhancement 251:261 oral absorption enhancement 235:261 oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin 235:275 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 7 6 theme delivery 1389:1396 arg1 system 1398:1403 orally applicable delivery system 1371:1403 orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules 1371:1434 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 5 7 theme best 1042:1045 arg1 stability 1047:1055 the best stability 1038:1055 the best stability 1038:1055 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 6 8 from increase 1240:1247 arg1 comparison 1259:1268 comparison 1259:1268 comparison with a solution of enoxaparin 1259:1298 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 6 8 from increase 1240:1247 arg1 AUC 1252:1254 AUC 1252:1254 AUC 1252:1254 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 1 9 theme absorption 240:249 arg1 enhancement 251:261 oral absorption enhancement 235:261 oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin 235:275 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 5 10 theme PLNs 950:953 arg1 stability 933:941 The stability 929:941 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids 929:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 6 11 theme enoxaparin 1213:1222 arg1 bioavailability 1194:1208 the oral bioavailability 1185:1208 the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin 1185:1222 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 2 12 with lipid 400:404 arg1 ratio 432:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio 411:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3 411:458 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 4 13 theme lipid-polymer 839:851 arg1 interaction 853:863 lipid-polymer interaction 839:863 lipid-polymer interaction 839:863 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 5 14 with nanoparticles 1070:1082 arg1 ratio 1105:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio 1089:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2 1089:1116 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 7 15 theme new 1348:1350 arg1 insight 1352:1358 a new insight 1346:1358 a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules 1346:1434 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 6 16 with Nanoparticles 1119:1131 arg1 composition 1150:1160 the optimal composition 1138:1160 the optimal composition 1138:1160 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 4 17 theme lipid/polymer 796:808 arg1 ratio 810:814 the lipid/polymer ratio 792:814 the lipid/polymer ratio 792:814 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 1 18 dep based 114:118 arg1 chitosan 105:112 chitosan 105:112 chitosan 105:112 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 6 19 theme oral 1189:1192 arg1 bioavailability 1194:1208 the oral bioavailability 1185:1208 the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin 1185:1222 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 5 20 theme lipid/polymer 1017:1029 arg1 ratio 1031:1035 the lipid/polymer ratio 1013:1035 the lipid/polymer ratio 1013:1035 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 4 21 theme glyceryl 717:724 arg1 monooleate 726:735 glyceryl monooleate 717:735 glyceryl monooleate 717:735 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 5 22 theme 0.2 1114:1116 arg1 ratio 1105:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio 1089:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2 1089:1116 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 1 23 theme present 90:96 arg1 study 98:102 the present study 86:102 the present study 86:102 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 6 24 theme enoxaparin 1289:1298 arg1 solution 1277:1284 a solution 1275:1284 a solution of enoxaparin 1275:1298 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 4 25 theme interaction 853:863 arg1 extent 829:834 the extent 825:834 the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures 825:926 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 2 26 theme enoxaparin-loaded 296:312 arg1 monooleate 382:391 the polymer and glyceryl monooleate 357:391 monooleate 382:391 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 26 theme enoxaparin-loaded 296:312 arg1 nanoparticles 314:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 27 theme glyceryl 373:380 arg1 monooleate 382:391 the polymer and glyceryl monooleate 357:391 monooleate 382:391 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 27 theme glyceryl 373:380 arg1 nanoparticles 314:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 0 28 theme hybrid 29:34 arg1 nanoparticles 36:48 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles 15:48 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin 15:80 Chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin. 29859924 1 29 theme enoxaparin 266:275 arg1 enhancement 251:261 oral absorption enhancement 235:261 oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin 235:275 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 5 30 from stability 933:941 arg1 fluids 985:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 5 31 theme simulated 958:966 arg1 fluids 985:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 2 32 theme lipid/polymer 413:425 arg1 ratio 432:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio 411:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3 411:458 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 33 theme mass 427:430 arg1 ratio 432:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio 411:436 a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3 411:458 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 3 34 theme chitosan 611:618 arg1 nanocomplexes 626:638 chitosan based nanocomplexes 611:638 chitosan based nanocomplexes 611:638 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 5 35 theme gastrointestinal 968:983 arg1 fluids 985:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 6 36 theme 4.5-fold 1231:1238 arg1 increase 1240:1247 a 4.5-fold increase 1229:1247 a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin 1229:1298 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 29859924 4 37 theme solvent 678:684 arg1 study 697:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 3 38 theme based 620:624 arg1 nanocomplexes 626:638 chitosan based nanocomplexes 611:638 chitosan based nanocomplexes 611:638 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 7 39 theme GMO/CS 1316:1321 arg1 PLNs 1329:1332 GMO/CS based PLNs 1316:1332 GMO/CS based PLNs 1316:1332 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 5 40 theme lipid/polymer 1091:1103 arg1 ratio 1105:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio 1089:1109 a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2 1089:1116 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 7 41 theme hydrophilic 1409:1419 arg1 macromolecules 1421:1434 hydrophilic macromolecules 1409:1434 hydrophilic macromolecules 1409:1434 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 7 42 theme based 1323:1327 arg1 PLNs 1329:1332 GMO/CS based PLNs 1316:1332 GMO/CS based PLNs 1316:1332 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 5 43 from fluids 985:990 arg1 stability 933:941 The stability 929:941 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids 929:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 4 44 theme internal 908:915 arg1 structures 917:926 the resultant internal structures 894:926 the resultant internal structures 894:926 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 8 45 theme similar 1563:1569 arg1 methods 1571:1577 other similar methods 1557:1577 other similar methods 1557:1577 Their absorption can be enhanced with proposed PLNs and preparation of this PLNs was also found to be easy comparing to other similar methods. 29859924 3 46 theme higher 533:538 arg1 hydrophobicity 548:561 a higher surface hydrophobicity 531:561 a higher surface hydrophobicity 531:561 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 8 47 theme other 1557:1561 arg1 methods 1571:1577 other similar methods 1557:1577 other similar methods 1557:1577 Their absorption can be enhanced with proposed PLNs and preparation of this PLNs was also found to be easy comparing to other similar methods. 29859924 4 48 theme relaxation 686:695 arg1 study 697:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 NMR solvent relaxation study 674:701 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 0 49 theme oral 54:57 arg1 delivery 59:66 oral delivery 54:66 oral delivery of enoxaparin 54:80 Chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin. 29859924 4 50 theme resultant 898:906 arg1 structures 917:926 the resultant internal structures 894:926 the resultant internal structures 894:926 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 3 51 theme surface 540:546 arg1 hydrophobicity 548:561 a higher surface hydrophobicity 531:561 a higher surface hydrophobicity 531:561 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 1 52 theme based 114:118 arg1 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 1 52 theme based 114:118 arg1 nanoparticles 141:153 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles 120:153 chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) 105:160 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 3 53 theme similar 591:597 arg1 properties 580:589 mucoadhesive properties 567:589 mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes 567:638 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 4 54 theme DSC 654:656 arg1 experiments 658:668 DSC experiments 654:668 DSC experiments 654:668 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 1 55 theme polymer-lipid 120:132 arg1 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 1 55 theme polymer-lipid 120:132 arg1 nanoparticles 141:153 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles 120:153 chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) 105:160 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 4 56 from study 697:701 arg1 Results 641:647 Results 641:647 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study 641:701 Results from DSC experiments and NMR solvent relaxation study indicate that glyceryl monooleate was completely incorporated into the nanoparticles and the lipid/polymer ratio affected the extent of lipid-polymer interaction inside the nanoparticles and the resultant internal structures. 29859924 7 57 theme applicable 1378:1387 arg1 system 1398:1403 orally applicable delivery system 1371:1403 orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules 1371:1434 In conclusion, GMO/CS based PLNs can provide a new insight to develop orally applicable delivery system for hydrophilic macromolecules. 29859924 1 58 theme hybrid 134:139 arg1 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 PLNs 156:159 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 1 58 theme hybrid 134:139 arg1 nanoparticles 141:153 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles 120:153 chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) 105:160 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 5 59 from PLNs 950:953 arg1 fluids 985:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 simulated gastrointestinal fluids 958:990 The stability of the PLNs in simulated gastrointestinal fluids was also affected by the lipid/polymer ratio; the best stability was shown by nanoparticles with a lipid/polymer ratio of 0.2. 29859924 0 60 theme enoxaparin 71:80 arg1 delivery 59:66 oral delivery 54:66 oral delivery of enoxaparin 54:80 Chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin. 29859924 8 61 theme PLNs 1513:1516 arg1 preparation 1493:1503 preparation 1493:1503 preparation of this PLNs 1493:1516 Their absorption can be enhanced with proposed PLNs and preparation of this PLNs was also found to be easy comparing to other similar methods. 29859924 3 62 theme mucoadhesive 567:578 arg1 properties 580:589 mucoadhesive properties 567:589 mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes 567:638 It was found that the PLNs showed a higher surface hydrophobicity but mucoadhesive properties similar to those of chitosan based nanocomplexes. 29859924 1 63 theme self-assembly 181:193 arg1 method 195:200 a self-assembly method 179:200 a self-assembly method 179:200 In the present study, chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLNs) were prepared by a self-assembly method and their use as the carrier for oral absorption enhancement of enoxaparin was evaluated. 29859924 0 64 theme polymer-lipid 15:27 arg1 nanoparticles 36:48 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles 15:48 polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin 15:80 Chitosan based polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of enoxaparin. 29859924 2 65 theme polymer 361:367 arg1 monooleate 382:391 the polymer and glyceryl monooleate 357:391 monooleate 382:391 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 2 65 theme polymer 361:367 arg1 nanoparticles 314:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles 292:326 The enoxaparin-loaded nanoparticles were composed of chitosan as the polymer and glyceryl monooleate as the lipid with a lipid/polymer mass ratio ranging from 0 to 0.3, and F127 was added as a stabilizer. 29859924 6 66 with comparison 1259:1268 arg1 solution 1277:1284 a solution 1275:1284 a solution of enoxaparin 1275:1298 Nanoparticles with the optimal composition significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin with a 4.5-fold increase in AUC in comparison with a solution of enoxaparin. 31437501 0 0 theme different 84:92 arg1 salts 105:109 different monovalent salts 84:109 different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters 84:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 8 1 theme parameter 1147:1155 arg1 higher 1222:1227 higher 1222:1227 higher 1222:1227 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 1 theme parameter 1147:1155 arg1 value 1114:1118 The value 1110:1118 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions 1110:1204 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 2 2 theme new 414:416 arg1 approach 430:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 0 3 from behaviour 12:20 arg1 solutions 50:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 1 4 from behaviour 167:175 arg1 solutions 205:213 aqueous solutions 197:213 aqueous solutions 197:213 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 1 4 from behaviour 167:175 arg1 presence 226:233 the presence 222:233 the presence of monovalent salts 222:253 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 7 5 theme Stepwise 992:999 arg1 association 1001:1011 Stepwise association 992:1011 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices 992:1036 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 7 6 theme compositions 1096:1107 arg1 mixtures 1074:1081 NaI/CsI mixtures 1066:1081 NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions 1066:1107 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 1 7 theme κ-carrageenan 352:364 arg1 solutions 366:374 hot κ-carrageenan solutions 348:374 hot κ-carrageenan solutions 348:374 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 4 8 from amounts 659:665 arg1 water 628:632 pure water 623:632 pure water 623:632 In pure water, the intrinsic viscosity amounts to 48 dL·g-1. 31437501 1 9 theme 25 °C. 275:280 arg1 Coil 282:285 25 °C. Coil 275:285 25 °C. Coil 275:285 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 0 10 theme monovalent 94:103 arg1 salts 105:109 different monovalent salts 84:109 different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters 84:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 6 11 dep CsI 839:841 arg1 counter-ion 866:876 counter-ion 866:876 counter-ion 866:876 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 6 11 dep CsI 839:841 arg1 cation 855:860 dissimilar cation 844:860 dissimilar cation 844:860 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 5 12 theme single 706:711 arg1 solutions 695:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions 684:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] 684:728 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 12 theme single 706:711 arg1 state 719:723 single helix state) [η 706:727 single helix state) [η 706:727 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 0 13 from solutions 50:58 arg1 behaviour 12:20 Associative behaviour 0:20 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions 0:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 0 13 from solutions 50:58 arg1 modification 68:79 its modification 64:79 its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters 64:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 2 14 dep modeling 452:459 arg1 behaviour 465:473 the behaviour 461:473 modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions 452:500 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 6 15 theme associated 958:967 arg1 helices 983:989 the associated κ-carrageenan helices 954:989 the associated κ-carrageenan helices 954:989 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 0 16 dep salts 105:109 arg1 reflected 114:122 reflected 114:122 reflected by viscometric parameters 114:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 8 17 theme NaCl 1191:1194 arg1 solutions 1196:1204 NaCl solutions 1191:1204 NaCl solutions 1191:1204 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 1 18 theme κ-carrageenan 180:192 arg1 behaviour 167:175 The viscometric behaviour 151:175 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts 151:253 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 5 19 theme helix 713:717 arg1 solutions 695:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions 684:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] 684:728 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 19 theme helix 713:717 arg1 state 719:723 single helix state) [η 706:727 single helix state) [η 706:727 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 1 20 theme appropriate 382:392 arg1 conditions 400:409 appropriate ionic conditions 382:409 appropriate ionic conditions 382:409 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 0 21 theme Associative 0:10 arg1 behaviour 12:20 Associative behaviour 0:20 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions 0:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 5 22 dep dL·g-1 737:742 arg1 whereas 745:751 whereas 745:751 whereas 745:751 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 1 23 theme ionic 394:398 arg1 conditions 400:409 appropriate ionic conditions 382:409 appropriate ionic conditions 382:409 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 3 24 theme different 572:580 arg1 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 24 theme different 572:580 arg1 salts 593:597 different monovalent salts 572:597 different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI) 572:617 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 24 theme different 572:580 arg1 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 24 theme different 572:580 arg1 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 5 25 from NaI 762:764 arg1 large 823:827 large 823:827 large 823:827 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 1 26 theme aqueous 197:203 arg1 solutions 205:213 aqueous solutions 197:213 aqueous solutions 197:213 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 1 27 theme hot 348:350 arg1 solutions 366:374 hot κ-carrageenan solutions 348:374 hot κ-carrageenan solutions 348:374 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 7 28 theme different 1086:1094 arg1 compositions 1096:1107 different compositions 1086:1107 different compositions 1086:1107 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 7 29 theme κ-carrageenan 1016:1028 arg1 helices 1030:1036 κ-carrageenan helices 1016:1036 κ-carrageenan helices 1016:1036 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 3 30 theme monovalent 582:591 arg1 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 30 theme monovalent 582:591 arg1 salts 593:597 different monovalent salts 572:597 different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI) 572:617 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 30 theme monovalent 582:591 arg1 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 30 theme monovalent 582:591 arg1 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 4 31 theme intrinsic 639:647 arg1 viscosity 649:657 the intrinsic viscosity 635:657 the intrinsic viscosity 635:657 In pure water, the intrinsic viscosity amounts to 48 dL·g-1. 31437501 0 32 theme κ-carrageenan 25:37 arg1 behaviour 12:20 Associative behaviour 0:20 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions 0:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 0 32 theme κ-carrageenan 25:37 arg1 modification 68:79 its modification 64:79 its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters 64:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 1 33 theme helix 288:292 arg1 conformations 310:322 helix or double helix conformations 288:322 helix or double helix conformations 288:322 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 0 34 theme viscometric 127:137 arg1 parameters 139:148 viscometric parameters 127:148 viscometric parameters 127:148 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 3 35 dep salts 593:597 arg1 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 NaCl 600:603 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 35 dep salts 593:597 arg1 salts 593:597 different monovalent salts 572:597 different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI) 572:617 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 35 dep salts 593:597 arg1 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 CsI 614:616 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 35 dep salts 593:597 arg1 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 NaI 606:608 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 8 36 theme carboxymethyl 1294:1306 arg1 6.3 × 10-2 1319:1328 6.3 × 10-2 1319:1328 6.3 × 10-2 1319:1328 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 36 theme carboxymethyl 1294:1306 arg1 cellulose 1308:1316 carboxymethyl cellulose 1294:1316 carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2) 1294:1329 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 5 37 from large 823:827 arg1 conformation 780:791 double helix conformation 767:791 double helix conformation 767:791 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 37 from large 823:827 arg1 NaI 762:764 0.1 M NaI 756:764 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) 756:792 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 6 38 theme κ-carrageenan 969:981 arg1 helices 983:989 the associated κ-carrageenan helices 954:989 the associated κ-carrageenan helices 954:989 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 8 39 theme stiffness 1137:1145 arg1 B 1158:1158 B 1158:1158 B 1158:1158 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 39 theme stiffness 1137:1145 arg1 parameter 1147:1155 Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter 1123:1155 Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions 1123:1204 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 5 40 theme double 767:772 arg1 conformation 780:791 double helix conformation 767:791 double helix conformation 767:791 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 40 theme double 767:772 arg1 NaI 762:764 0.1 M NaI 756:764 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) 756:792 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 0 41 theme aqueous 42:48 arg1 solutions 50:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 1 42 theme double 297:302 arg1 helix 304:308 double helix 297:308 double helix 297:308 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 5 43 theme 0.1 M 684:688 arg1 solutions 695:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions 684:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] 684:728 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 43 theme 0.1 M 684:688 arg1 state 719:723 single helix state) [η 706:727 single helix state) [η 706:727 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 8 44 theme chain 1352:1356 arg1 conformation 1358:1369 the chain conformation 1348:1369 the chain conformation 1348:1369 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 44 theme chain 1352:1356 arg1 rigid 1385:1389 rigid 1385:1389 rigid 1385:1389 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 45 theme Smidsrød-Haug 1123:1135 arg1 B 1158:1158 B 1158:1158 B 1158:1158 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 8 45 theme Smidsrød-Haug 1123:1135 arg1 parameter 1147:1155 Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter 1123:1155 Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions 1123:1204 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 6 46 theme helices 983:989 arg1 formation 941:949 the formation 937:949 the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices 937:989 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 5 47 theme helix 774:778 arg1 conformation 780:791 double helix conformation 767:791 double helix conformation 767:791 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 47 theme helix 774:778 arg1 NaI 762:764 0.1 M NaI 756:764 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) 756:792 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 2 48 theme solutions 492:500 arg1 behaviour 465:473 the behaviour 461:473 modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions 452:500 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 1 49 theme helix 304:308 arg1 conformations 310:322 helix or double helix conformations 288:322 helix or double helix conformations 288:322 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 5 50 theme NaCl 690:693 arg1 solutions 695:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions 684:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] 684:728 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 50 theme NaCl 690:693 arg1 state 719:723 single helix state) [η 706:727 single helix state) [η 706:727 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 0 51 from modification 68:79 arg1 solutions 50:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 5 52 theme 0.1 M 756:760 arg1 conformation 780:791 double helix conformation 767:791 double helix conformation 767:791 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 52 theme 0.1 M 756:760 arg1 NaI 762:764 0.1 M NaI 756:764 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) 756:792 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 2 53 theme viscometric 418:428 arg1 approach 430:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 2 54 theme κ-carrageenan 478:490 arg1 solutions 492:500 κ-carrageenan solutions 478:500 κ-carrageenan solutions 478:500 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 6 55 theme intrinsic 883:891 arg1 larger 918:923 larger 918:923 larger 918:923 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 6 55 theme intrinsic 883:891 arg1 viscosity 893:901 the intrinsic viscosity 879:901 the intrinsic viscosity 879:901 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 3 56 theme salts 593:597 arg1 presence 560:567 the presence 556:567 the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI) 556:617 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 7 57 theme mixtures 1074:1081 arg1 presence 1054:1061 presence 1054:1061 presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions 1054:1107 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 5 58 from dL·g-1 737:742 arg1 solutions 695:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions 684:703 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] 684:728 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 5 58 from dL·g-1 737:742 arg1 state 719:723 single helix state) [η 706:727 single helix state) [η 706:727 In 0.1 M NaCl solutions (single helix state) [η] is 6.2 dL·g-1, whereas in 0.1 M NaI (double helix conformation) it is approximately twice as large. 31437501 6 59 theme 0.1 M 833:837 arg1 CsI 839:841 0.1 M CsI 833:841 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) 833:877 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 8 60 from κ-carrageenan 1174:1186 arg1 solutions 1196:1204 NaCl solutions 1191:1204 NaCl solutions 1191:1204 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 6 61 theme dissimilar 844:853 arg1 cation 855:860 dissimilar cation 844:860 dissimilar cation 844:860 In 0.1 M CsI (dissimilar cation and counter-ion) the intrinsic viscosity is three times larger, suggesting the formation of the associated κ-carrageenan helices. 31437501 2 62 used used 443:446 arg2 approach 430:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach 412:437 A new viscometric approach was used for modeling the behaviour of κ-carrageenan solutions. 31437501 3 63 theme intrinsic 507:515 arg1 viscosity 517:525 The intrinsic viscosity 503:525 The intrinsic viscosity 503:525 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 3 63 theme intrinsic 507:515 arg1 [η 528:529 [η 528:529 [η 528:529 The intrinsic viscosity, [η], is markedly changed by the presence of different monovalent salts (NaCl, NaI and CsI). 31437501 1 64 theme monovalent 238:247 arg1 salts 249:253 monovalent salts 238:253 monovalent salts 238:253 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 4 65 theme pure 623:626 arg1 water 628:632 pure water 623:632 pure water 623:632 In pure water, the intrinsic viscosity amounts to 48 dL·g-1. 31437501 1 66 theme salts 249:253 arg1 presence 226:233 the presence 222:233 the presence of monovalent salts 222:253 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31437501 7 67 theme NaI/CsI 1066:1072 arg1 mixtures 1074:1081 NaI/CsI mixtures 1066:1081 NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions 1066:1107 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 0 68 from κ-carrageenan 25:37 arg1 solutions 50:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 aqueous solutions 42:58 Associative behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and its modification by different monovalent salts as reflected by viscometric parameters. 31437501 8 69 dep higher 1222:1227 arg1 4.47 × 10-2 1209:1219 4.47 × 10-2 1209:1219 4.47 × 10-2 1209:1219 The value of Smidsrød-Haug stiffness parameter (B) measured for κ-carrageenan in NaCl solutions is 4.47 × 10-2, higher than that of DNA (5.5 × 10-3), but lower than those reported for carboxymethyl cellulose (6.3 × 10-2), indicating that the chain conformation is moderately rigid. 31437501 7 70 theme helices 1030:1036 arg1 association 1001:1011 Stepwise association 992:1011 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices 992:1036 Stepwise association of κ-carrageenan helices was followed in presence of NaI/CsI mixtures of different compositions. 31437501 1 71 theme viscometric 155:165 arg1 behaviour 167:175 The viscometric behaviour 151:175 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts 151:253 The viscometric behaviour of κ-carrageenan in aqueous solutions and in the presence of monovalent salts was investigated at 25 °C. Coil, helix or double helix conformations were induced by cooling hot κ-carrageenan solutions under appropriate ionic conditions. 31765745 1 0 theme chitosan-heparin 144:159 arg1 hydrogels 161:169 chitosan-heparin hydrogels 144:169 chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner 144:200 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 2 1 from temperature 308:318 arg1 15 min 323:328 15 min 323:328 15 min 323:328 The sol precursor was converted to gel at physiological temperature in 15 min. 31765745 1 2 with hydrogels 161:169 arg1 manner 195:200 controlled release manner 176:200 controlled release manner 176:200 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 6 3 theme western 640:646 arg1 blots 648:652 western blots 640:652 western blots assay 640:658 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 8 4 theme adhesion 1072:1079 arg1 healing 1081:1087 intrauterine adhesion healing 1059:1087 intrauterine adhesion healing 1059:1087 This work provides a possible method for intrauterine adhesion healing. 31765745 2 5 theme physiological 294:306 arg1 temperature 308:318 physiological temperature 294:318 physiological temperature in 15 min 294:328 The sol precursor was converted to gel at physiological temperature in 15 min. 31765745 7 6 theme releasing 899:907 arg1 hydrogel 909:916 SDF-1α releasing hydrogel 892:916 SDF-1α releasing hydrogel 892:916 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 0 7 theme rat 94:96 arg1 model 98:102 rat model 94:102 rat model 94:102 Controlled releasing of SDF-1α in chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model. 31765745 8 8 theme intrauterine 1059:1070 arg1 healing 1081:1087 intrauterine adhesion healing 1059:1087 intrauterine adhesion healing 1059:1087 This work provides a possible method for intrauterine adhesion healing. 31765745 6 9 theme wound 831:835 arg1 recovery 837:844 the wound recovery 827:844 the wound recovery 827:844 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 5 10 theme injured 514:520 arg1 model 526:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model was established and treated with different methods. 31765745 6 11 theme endogenous 736:745 arg1 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 6 11 theme endogenous 736:745 arg1 cells 767:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells 736:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) 736:778 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 3 12 theme swelling 345:352 arg1 test 354:357 swelling test 345:357 swelling test 345:357 FTIR, SEM and swelling test were performed to characterize their compositions, morphologies and stability. 31765745 4 13 theme PBS 486:488 arg1 solutions 490:498 PBS solutions 486:498 PBS solutions 486:498 In vitro releasing profiles was investigated in PBS solutions. 31765745 6 14 theme blots 648:652 arg1 assay 654:658 western blots assay 640:658 western blots assay 640:658 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 5 15 theme rat 522:524 arg1 model 526:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model was established and treated with different methods. 31765745 6 16 theme staining 603:610 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining 584:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 7 17 theme endometrial 961:971 arg1 glands 984:989 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 7 17 theme endometrial 961:971 arg1 thickness 973:981 endometrial thickness 961:981 endometrial thickness 961:981 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 6 18 theme c-kit 747:751 arg1 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 6 18 theme c-kit 747:751 arg1 cells 767:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells 736:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) 736:778 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 1 19 theme controlled 176:185 arg1 manner 195:200 controlled release manner 176:200 controlled release manner 176:200 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 6 20 theme staining 630:637 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining 584:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 0 21 from hydrogel 51:58 arg1 model 98:102 rat model 94:102 rat model 94:102 Controlled releasing of SDF-1α in chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model. 31765745 1 22 theme release 187:193 arg1 manner 195:200 controlled release manner 176:200 controlled release manner 176:200 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 6 23 theme trichrome 620:628 arg1 staining 630:637 Masson trichrome staining 613:637 Masson trichrome staining 613:637 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 8 24 theme possible 1039:1046 arg1 method 1048:1053 a possible method 1037:1053 a possible method for intrauterine adhesion healing 1037:1087 This work provides a possible method for intrauterine adhesion healing. 31765745 6 25 theme Masson 613:618 arg1 staining 630:637 Masson trichrome staining 613:637 Masson trichrome staining 613:637 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 1 26 with applications 212:223 arg1 manner 195:200 controlled release manner 176:200 controlled release manner 176:200 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 6 27 theme injury 802:807 arg1 site 809:812 the injury site 798:812 the injury site 798:812 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 7 28 dep glands 984:989 arg1 glands 984:989 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 7 28 dep glands 984:989 arg1 number 991:996 number 991:996 number 991:996 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 7 28 dep glands 984:989 arg1 level 1011:1015 fibrosis level 1002:1015 fibrosis level 1002:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 6 29 theme immunofluorescence 694:711 arg1 staining 713:720 immunofluorescence staining 694:720 immunofluorescence staining 694:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 6 30 theme staining 713:720 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining 584:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 0 31 theme chitosan-heparin 34:49 arg1 hydrogel 51:58 chitosan-heparin hydrogel 34:58 chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model 34:102 Controlled releasing of SDF-1α in chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model. 31765745 6 32 theme positive 753:760 arg1 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 6 32 theme positive 753:760 arg1 cells 767:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells 736:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) 736:778 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 7 33 theme SDF-1α 892:897 arg1 hydrogel 909:916 SDF-1α releasing hydrogel 892:916 SDF-1α releasing hydrogel 892:916 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 5 34 theme Intrauterine 501:512 arg1 model 526:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model 501:530 Intrauterine injured rat model was established and treated with different methods. 31765745 6 35 theme H&E 599:601 arg1 staining 603:610 H&E staining 599:610 H&E staining 599:610 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 5 36 theme different 565:573 arg1 methods 575:581 different methods 565:581 different methods 565:581 Intrauterine injured rat model was established and treated with different methods. 31765745 7 37 from group 952:956 arg1 glands 984:989 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 7 37 from group 952:956 arg1 thickness 973:981 endometrial thickness 961:981 endometrial thickness 961:981 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 4 38 theme In 438:439 arg1 profiles 457:464 In vitro releasing profiles 438:464 In vitro releasing profiles 438:464 In vitro releasing profiles was investigated in PBS solutions. 31765745 6 39 theme staining 681:688 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining 584:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 1 40 theme intrauterine 229:240 arg1 adhesion 242:249 intrauterine adhesion 229:249 intrauterine adhesion 229:249 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 4 41 theme releasing 447:455 arg1 profiles 457:464 In vitro releasing profiles 438:464 In vitro releasing profiles 438:464 In vitro releasing profiles was investigated in PBS solutions. 31765745 1 42 theme facile 124:129 arg1 approach 131:138 a facile approach 122:138 a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion 122:249 Herein we report a facile approach for chitosan-heparin hydrogels with controlled release manner and their applications for intrauterine adhesion. 31765745 6 43 theme immunohistochemical 661:679 arg1 staining 681:688 immunohistochemical staining 661:688 immunohistochemical staining 661:688 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 0 44 theme injury 76:81 arg1 healing 83:89 endometrium injury healing 64:89 endometrium injury healing 64:89 Controlled releasing of SDF-1α in chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model. 31765745 6 45 theme assay 654:658 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining 584:720 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 7 46 theme control 944:950 arg1 group 952:956 control group 944:956 control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level 944:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 4 47 dep In 438:439 arg1 vitro 441:445 vitro 441:445 vitro 441:445 In vitro releasing profiles was investigated in PBS solutions. 31765745 0 48 theme endometrium 64:74 arg1 healing 83:89 endometrium injury healing 64:89 endometrium injury healing 64:89 Controlled releasing of SDF-1α in chitosan-heparin hydrogel for endometrium injury healing in rat model. 31765745 2 49 theme sol 256:258 arg1 precursor 260:268 The sol precursor 252:268 The sol precursor 252:268 The sol precursor was converted to gel at physiological temperature in 15 min. 31765745 7 50 theme fibrosis 1002:1009 arg1 glands 984:989 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 glands number and fibrosis level 984:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 7 50 theme fibrosis 1002:1009 arg1 level 1011:1015 fibrosis level 1002:1015 fibrosis level 1002:1015 After 7 days' treatment, uterus treated with SDF-1α releasing hydrogel showed no difference with control group on endometrial thickness, glands number and fibrosis level. 31765745 6 51 theme stem 762:765 arg1 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 HSCs 774:777 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 31765745 6 51 theme stem 762:765 arg1 cells 767:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells 736:771 endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) 736:778 The results of H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, western blots assay, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining revealed that endogenous c-kit positive stem cells (HSCs) were recruited to the injury site and promoted the wound recovery. 29476856 2 0 theme low-medium 417:426 arg1 intensity 428:436 the low-medium intensity 413:436 the low-medium intensity 413:436 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 4 1 dep microscopy 655:664 arg1 techniques 776:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 8 2 theme microwave 1443:1451 arg1 time 1463:1466 the microwave treatment time 1439:1466 the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1439:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 8 2 theme microwave 1443:1451 arg1 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 7 3 from variations 1174:1183 arg1 parameters 1197:1206 physical parameters 1188:1206 physical parameters 1188:1206 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters significantly affected the functional properties of starch. 29476856 6 4 theme particle 1058:1065 arg1 function 1114:1121 a function 1112:1121 a function of microwave treatment time 1112:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 4 theme particle 1058:1065 arg1 size 1089:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 4 theme particle 1058:1065 arg1 size 1067:1070 particle size 1058:1070 particle size 1058:1070 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 5 theme treatment 1136:1144 arg1 time 1146:1149 microwave treatment time 1126:1149 microwave treatment time 1126:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 6 theme microwave 1126:1134 arg1 time 1146:1149 microwave treatment time 1126:1149 microwave treatment time 1126:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 1 7 from influence 143:151 arg1 properties 209:218 the physical and functional properties 181:218 the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 181:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 2 8 theme seed 278:281 arg1 flour 283:287 The seed flour 274:287 The seed flour 274:287 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 5 9 theme capacity 879:886 arg1 terms 848:852 terms 848:852 terms of water and oil holding capacity 848:886 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 4 10 theme crystal 556:562 arg1 structure 564:572 crystal structure 556:572 crystal structure 556:572 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 5 11 theme emulsifying 908:918 arg1 activity 920:927 emulsifying activity 908:927 emulsifying activity 908:927 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 1 12 theme seed 262:265 arg1 flour 267:271 seed flour 262:271 Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 245:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 8 13 from increase 1427:1434 arg1 time 1463:1466 the microwave treatment time 1439:1466 the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1439:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 8 13 from increase 1427:1434 arg1 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 4 14 theme electron 646:653 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 0 15 attach isolated 26:33 arg1 lotus 63:67 microwave heat treated lotus 40:67 microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 40:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 0 15 attach isolated 26:33 arg1 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 0 15 attach isolated 26:33 arg2 starch 19:24 starch 19:24 starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 19:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 2 16 dep different 348:356 arg1 microwave 358:366 microwave 358:366 microwave 358:366 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 2 17 theme treatment 368:376 arg1 time 378:381 different microwave treatment time 348:381 different microwave treatment time 348:381 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 6 18 theme pore 993:996 arg1 volume 998:1003 pore volume 993:1003 pore volume 993:1003 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 3 19 theme distilled 467:475 arg1 water 477:481 distilled water 467:481 distilled water 467:481 The starch was extracted in distilled water and dried at room temperature using a vacuum desiccator. 29476856 1 20 theme microwave 156:164 arg1 irradiation 166:176 microwave irradiation 156:176 microwave irradiation 156:176 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 8 21 theme exponential 1362:1372 arg1 increase 1374:1381 an exponential increase 1359:1381 an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1359:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 4 22 dep Fourier 686:692 arg1 transform 694:702 transform 694:702 transform infra-red spectroscopy 694:725 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 3 23 theme room 496:499 arg1 temperature 501:511 room temperature 496:511 room temperature using a vacuum desiccator 496:537 The starch was extracted in distilled water and dried at room temperature using a vacuum desiccator. 29476856 1 24 theme irradiation 166:176 arg1 influence 143:151 the influence 139:151 the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 139:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 4 25 theme X-ray 667:671 arg1 diffraction 673:683 X-ray diffraction 667:683 X-ray diffraction 667:683 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 8 26 theme functional 1390:1399 arg1 properties 1401:1410 the functional properties 1386:1410 the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1386:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 6 27 theme granules 1015:1022 arg1 crystallinity 961:973 crystallinity 961:973 crystallinity 961:973 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 27 theme granules 1015:1022 arg1 area 984:987 surface area 976:987 surface area 976:987 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 27 theme granules 1015:1022 arg1 volume 998:1003 pore volume 993:1003 pore volume 993:1003 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 4 28 theme analysis 767:774 arg1 techniques 776:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 6 29 theme average 1076:1082 arg1 function 1114:1121 a function 1112:1121 a function of microwave treatment time 1112:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 29 theme average 1076:1082 arg1 size 1089:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 29 theme average 1076:1082 arg1 size 1067:1070 particle size 1058:1070 particle size 1058:1070 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 4 30 theme surface 759:765 arg1 techniques 776:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 surface analysis techniques 759:785 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 7 31 theme starch 1260:1265 arg1 properties 1246:1255 the functional properties 1231:1255 the functional properties of starch 1231:1265 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters significantly affected the functional properties of starch. 29476856 0 32 theme starch 19:24 arg1 Characteristics 0:14 Characteristics 0:14 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 0:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 8 33 from increase 1374:1381 arg1 properties 1401:1410 the functional properties 1386:1410 the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1386:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 1 34 theme physical 185:192 arg1 properties 209:218 the physical and functional properties 181:218 the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 181:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 0 35 theme microwave 40:48 arg1 lotus 63:67 microwave heat treated lotus 40:67 microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 40:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 0 35 theme microwave 40:48 arg1 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 4 36 theme scanning 637:644 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 scanning electron microscopy 637:664 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 7 37 theme physical 1188:1195 arg1 parameters 1197:1206 physical parameters 1188:1206 physical parameters 1188:1206 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters significantly affected the functional properties of starch. 29476856 3 38 theme vacuum 521:526 arg1 desiccator 528:537 a vacuum desiccator 519:537 a vacuum desiccator 519:537 The starch was extracted in distilled water and dried at room temperature using a vacuum desiccator. 29476856 5 39 theme functional 792:801 arg1 properties 803:812 The functional properties 788:812 The functional properties of starch 788:822 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 6 40 theme starch 1008:1013 arg1 granules 1015:1022 starch granules 1008:1022 starch granules 1008:1022 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 5 41 theme starch 817:822 arg1 properties 803:812 The functional properties 788:812 The functional properties of starch 788:822 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 8 42 theme starch 1415:1420 arg1 properties 1401:1410 the functional properties 1386:1410 the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1386:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 6 43 theme pore 1084:1087 arg1 function 1114:1121 a function 1112:1121 a function of microwave treatment time 1112:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 43 theme pore 1084:1087 arg1 size 1089:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 43 theme pore 1084:1087 arg1 size 1067:1070 particle size 1058:1070 particle size 1058:1070 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 1 44 theme functional 198:207 arg1 properties 209:218 the physical and functional properties 181:218 the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 181:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 0 45 theme treated 55:61 arg1 lotus 63:67 microwave heat treated lotus 40:67 microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 40:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 0 45 theme treated 55:61 arg1 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 4 46 theme starch 601:606 arg1 granules 608:615 starch granules 601:615 starch granules 601:615 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 2 47 from intensity 428:436 arg1 1 390:390 1 390:390 1 390:390 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 8 48 with starch 1415:1420 arg1 increase 1427:1434 increase 1427:1434 increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1427:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 8 49 theme extraction 1315:1324 arg1 yield 1326:1330 extraction yield 1315:1330 extraction yield 1315:1330 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 2 50 theme seeds 324:328 arg1 grinding 312:319 grinding 312:319 grinding 312:319 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 0 51 theme heat 50:53 arg1 lotus 63:67 microwave heat treated lotus 40:67 microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) 40:86 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 0 51 theme heat 50:53 arg1 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 nucifera 78:85 Characteristics of starch isolated from microwave heat treated lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed flour. 29476856 2 52 dep 1 390:390 arg1 i.e. 384:387 i.e. 384:387 i.e. 384:387 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 1 53 theme present 104:110 arg1 study 112:116 The present study 100:116 The present study 100:116 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 6 54 theme time 1146:1149 arg1 function 1114:1121 a function 1112:1121 a function of microwave treatment time 1112:1149 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 54 theme time 1146:1149 arg1 size 1089:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 average pore size 1076:1092 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 6 54 theme time 1146:1149 arg1 size 1067:1070 particle size 1058:1070 particle size 1058:1070 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 4 55 dep morphology 544:553 arg1 The 540:542 The 540:542 The 540:542 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 5 56 theme gelling 933:939 arg1 ability 941:947 gelling ability 933:947 gelling ability 933:947 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 2 57 from time 378:381 arg1 1 390:390 1 390:390 1 390:390 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 5 58 theme oil 867:869 arg1 capacity 879:886 oil holding capacity 867:886 oil holding capacity 867:886 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 8 59 theme gelling 1336:1342 arg1 ability 1344:1350 gelling ability 1336:1350 gelling ability 1336:1350 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 6 60 theme surface 976:982 arg1 area 984:987 surface area 976:987 surface area 976:987 Evidently, crystallinity, surface area and pore volume of starch granules were found to be increased, while particle size and average pore size were decreased as a function of microwave treatment time. 29476856 5 61 theme water 857:861 arg1 terms 848:852 terms 848:852 terms of water and oil holding capacity 848:886 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 4 62 theme infra-red 704:712 arg1 spectroscopy 714:725 infra-red spectroscopy 704:725 infra-red spectroscopy 704:725 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 5 63 theme holding 871:877 arg1 capacity 879:886 oil holding capacity 867:886 oil holding capacity 867:886 The functional properties of starch were also determined in terms of water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and gelling ability. 29476856 1 64 dep Nelumbo 245:251 arg1 flour 267:271 seed flour 262:271 Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 245:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 1 64 dep Nelumbo 245:251 arg1 nucifera 253:260 Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 245:271 Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 245:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 2 65 theme different 348:356 arg1 time 378:381 different microwave treatment time 348:381 different microwave treatment time 348:381 The seed flour was obtained by manual grinding of seeds and irradiated at different microwave treatment time, i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5min at the low-medium intensity. 29476856 4 66 theme surface 579:585 arg1 parameters 587:596 surface parameters 579:596 surface parameters 579:596 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 1 67 theme starch 223:228 arg1 properties 209:218 the physical and functional properties 181:218 the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour 181:271 The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microwave irradiation on the physical and functional properties of starch extracted from Nelumbo nucifera seed flour. 29476856 7 68 theme microwave-induced 1156:1172 arg1 variations 1174:1183 The microwave-induced variations 1152:1183 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters 1152:1206 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters significantly affected the functional properties of starch. 29476856 8 69 theme treatment 1453:1461 arg1 time 1463:1466 the microwave treatment time 1439:1466 the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) 1439:1483 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 8 69 theme treatment 1453:1461 arg1 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 R2=0.915-0.985 1469:1482 A significant (p>0.05) exponential decrease in extraction yield and gelling ability, while an exponential increase in the functional properties of starch with increase in the microwave treatment time (R2=0.915-0.985) was recorded. 29476856 7 70 theme functional 1235:1244 arg1 properties 1246:1255 the functional properties 1231:1255 the functional properties of starch 1231:1265 The microwave-induced variations in physical parameters significantly affected the functional properties of starch. 29476856 4 71 theme granules 608:615 arg1 parameters 587:596 surface parameters 579:596 surface parameters 579:596 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 4 71 theme granules 608:615 arg1 morphology 544:553 morphology 544:553 morphology 544:553 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29476856 4 71 theme granules 608:615 arg1 structure 564:572 crystal structure 556:572 crystal structure 556:572 The morphology, crystal structure, and surface parameters of starch granules were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface analysis techniques. 29843878 5 0 theme carcinoma 757:765 arg1 lines 772:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 6 1 theme drug 950:953 arg1 efficiency 932:941 the therapeutic efficiency 916:941 the therapeutic efficiency of the drug 916:953 Intriguingly, DGMNs exhibited the capacity to prolong Dox release in vitro; hence, Dox-DGMNs significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of the drug in vitro and in vivo, especially under EMF. 29843878 9 2 theme substantial 1352:1362 arg1 potential 1364:1372 a substantial potential 1350:1372 a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1350:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 8 3 theme DNA 1295:1297 arg1 damage 1299:1304 DNA damage 1295:1304 DNA damage 1295:1304 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 5 4 theme cell 767:770 arg1 lines 772:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 4 5 theme coated 531:536 arg1 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 5 theme coated 531:536 arg1 Nanoparticles 546:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles 523:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) 523:566 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 5 theme coated 531:536 arg1 vehicle 592:598 a potential delivery vehicle 571:598 a potential delivery vehicle for Dox 571:606 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 1 6 theme many 175:178 arg1 types 180:184 many types 175:184 many types of cancer 175:194 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 4 7 theme delivery 583:590 arg1 vehicle 592:598 a potential delivery vehicle 571:598 a potential delivery vehicle for Dox 571:606 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 7 theme delivery 583:590 arg1 Nanoparticles 546:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles 523:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) 523:566 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 5 8 theme field 727:731 arg1 guidance 697:704 guidance 697:704 guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts 697:797 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 4 9 theme Dextran 523:529 arg1 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 9 theme Dextran 523:529 arg1 Nanoparticles 546:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles 523:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) 523:566 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 9 theme Dextran 523:529 arg1 vehicle 592:598 a potential delivery vehicle 571:598 a potential delivery vehicle for Dox 571:606 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 5 10 theme drug 662:665 arg1 cytotoxicity 631:642 the cytotoxicity 627:642 the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites 627:688 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 2 11 theme non-selective 294:306 arg1 cytotoxicity 308:319 its non-selective cytotoxicity 290:319 its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects 290:358 However, clinical applications of Dox are limited due to its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects. 29843878 5 12 from guidance 697:704 arg1 lines 772:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 5 12 from guidance 697:704 arg1 grafts 792:797 tumour grafts 785:797 tumour grafts 785:797 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 7 13 theme tumour 1087:1092 arg1 growth 1094:1099 tumour growth 1087:1099 tumour growth 1087:1099 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 8 14 theme damage 1299:1304 arg1 terms 1272:1276 terms 1272:1276 terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression 1272:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 2 15 theme severe 337:342 arg1 effects 352:358 severe adverse effects 337:358 severe adverse effects 337:358 However, clinical applications of Dox are limited due to its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects. 29843878 8 16 from Dox 1259:1261 arg1 terms 1272:1276 terms 1272:1276 terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression 1272:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 9 17 theme promising 1388:1396 arg1 delivery 1403:1410 promising drug delivery 1388:1410 a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1386:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 9 18 theme drug 1398:1401 arg1 delivery 1403:1410 promising drug delivery 1388:1410 a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1386:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 5 19 theme tumour 785:790 arg1 grafts 792:797 tumour grafts 785:797 tumour grafts 785:797 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 7 20 theme intravenous 1117:1127 arg1 application 1129:1139 the intravenous application 1113:1139 the intravenous application of free Dox 1113:1151 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 3 21 theme Dox 405:407 arg1 delivery 393:400 targeted delivery 384:400 targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu 384:436 To tackle this problem targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu has become clinically prioritised. 29843878 9 22 theme delivery 1403:1410 arg1 carrier 1412:1418 a promising drug delivery carrier 1386:1418 a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1386:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 0 23 theme Dextran-Modified 19:34 arg1 GoldMag 36:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag 0:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag 0:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag Nanoparticles for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma. 29843878 8 24 theme Molecular 1154:1162 arg1 analysis 1164:1171 Molecular analysis 1154:1171 Molecular analysis 1154:1171 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 7 25 theme systemic 1050:1057 arg1 effects 1067:1073 systemic adverse effects 1050:1073 systemic adverse effects 1050:1073 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 7 26 theme Dox 1149:1151 arg1 application 1129:1139 the intravenous application 1113:1139 the intravenous application of free Dox 1113:1151 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 1 27 theme cancer 189:194 arg1 types 180:184 many types 175:184 many types of cancer 175:194 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 0 28 theme Doxorubicin-Loaded 0:17 arg1 GoldMag 36:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag 0:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag 0:42 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag Nanoparticles for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma. 29843878 5 29 theme Dox-DGMNs 647:655 arg1 cytotoxicity 631:642 the cytotoxicity 627:642 the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites 627:688 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 3 30 theme targeted 384:391 arg1 delivery 393:400 targeted delivery 384:400 targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu 384:436 To tackle this problem targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu has become clinically prioritised. 29843878 9 31 theme targeted 1437:1444 arg1 therapy 1453:1459 magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1424:1459 magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1424:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 7 32 theme free 1144:1147 arg1 Dox 1149:1151 free Dox 1144:1151 free Dox 1144:1151 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 4 33 theme potential 573:581 arg1 vehicle 592:598 a potential delivery vehicle 571:598 a potential delivery vehicle for Dox 571:606 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 33 theme potential 573:581 arg1 Nanoparticles 546:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles 523:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) 523:566 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 1 34 theme hepatocellular 207:220 arg1 carcinoma 222:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 3 35 theme tumour 424:429 arg1 milieu 431:436 tumour milieu 424:436 tumour milieu 424:436 To tackle this problem targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu has become clinically prioritised. 29843878 5 36 theme external 709:716 arg1 EMF 734:736 EMF 734:736 EMF 734:736 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 5 36 theme external 709:716 arg1 field 727:731 external magnetic field 709:731 external magnetic field (EMF) 709:737 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 6 37 theme Dox 854:856 arg1 release 858:864 Dox release 854:864 Dox release 854:864 Intriguingly, DGMNs exhibited the capacity to prolong Dox release in vitro; hence, Dox-DGMNs significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of the drug in vitro and in vivo, especially under EMF. 29843878 8 38 theme apoptosis 1281:1289 arg1 terms 1272:1276 terms 1272:1276 terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression 1272:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 9 39 theme cancer 1446:1451 arg1 therapy 1453:1459 magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1424:1459 magnetically targeted cancer therapy 1424:1459 Overall, DGMNs exhibited a substantial potential to serve as a promising drug delivery carrier for magnetically targeted cancer therapy. 29843878 8 40 theme tumour 1187:1192 arg1 cells 1194:1198 tumour cells 1187:1198 tumour cells 1187:1198 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 5 41 theme magnetic 718:725 arg1 EMF 734:736 EMF 734:736 EMF 734:736 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 5 41 theme magnetic 718:725 arg1 field 727:731 external magnetic field 709:731 external magnetic field (EMF) 709:737 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 2 42 theme clinical 242:249 arg1 applications 251:262 clinical applications 242:262 clinical applications of Dox 242:269 However, clinical applications of Dox are limited due to its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects. 29843878 8 43 with Dox-DGMNs 1222:1230 arg1 EMF 1237:1239 EMF 1237:1239 EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression 1237:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 4 44 theme GoldMag 538:544 arg1 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 DGMNs 561:565 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 44 theme GoldMag 538:544 arg1 Nanoparticles 546:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles 523:558 Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) 523:566 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 4 44 theme GoldMag 538:544 arg1 vehicle 592:598 a potential delivery vehicle 571:598 a potential delivery vehicle for Dox 571:606 In this study, we first synthesized and validated Dextran coated GoldMag Nanoparticles (DGMNs) as a potential delivery vehicle for Dox. 29843878 5 45 theme carrier 671:677 arg1 composites 679:688 carrier composites 671:688 carrier composites 671:688 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 8 46 dep apoptosis 1281:1289 arg1 expression 1313:1322 marker expression 1306:1322 marker expression 1306:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 0 47 theme Hepatocellular 72:85 arg1 Carcinoma 87:95 Hepatocellular Carcinoma 72:95 Hepatocellular Carcinoma 72:95 Doxorubicin-Loaded Dextran-Modified GoldMag Nanoparticles for Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma. 29843878 6 48 theme therapeutic 920:930 arg1 efficiency 932:941 the therapeutic efficiency 916:941 the therapeutic efficiency of the drug 916:953 Intriguingly, DGMNs exhibited the capacity to prolong Dox release in vitro; hence, Dox-DGMNs significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of the drug in vitro and in vivo, especially under EMF. 29843878 5 49 theme composites 679:688 arg1 cytotoxicity 631:642 the cytotoxicity 627:642 the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites 627:688 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 3 50 dep become 442:447 arg1 tackle 364:369 tackle 364:369 To tackle this problem 361:382 To tackle this problem targeted delivery of Dox exclusively to tumour milieu has become clinically prioritised. 29843878 2 51 theme adverse 344:350 arg1 effects 352:358 severe adverse effects 337:358 severe adverse effects 337:358 However, clinical applications of Dox are limited due to its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects. 29843878 8 52 theme marker 1306:1311 arg1 expression 1313:1322 marker expression 1306:1322 marker expression 1306:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 1 53 theme used 142:145 arg1 agents 164:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 1 53 theme used 142:145 arg1 carcinoma 222:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 7 54 theme adverse 1059:1065 arg1 effects 1067:1073 systemic adverse effects 1050:1073 systemic adverse effects 1050:1073 However, DGMNs were able to significantly decrease systemic adverse effects and inhibit tumour growth compared to the intravenous application of free Dox. 29843878 2 55 theme Dox 267:269 arg1 applications 251:262 clinical applications 242:262 clinical applications of Dox 242:269 However, clinical applications of Dox are limited due to its non-selective cytotoxicity that results in severe adverse effects. 29843878 8 56 from Dox-DGMNs 1246:1254 arg1 terms 1272:1276 terms 1272:1276 terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression 1272:1322 Molecular analysis revealed that tumour cells were more affected by Dox-DGMNs with EMF than Dox-DGMNs or Dox alone in terms of apoptosis and DNA damage marker expression. 29843878 1 57 theme chemotherapeutic 147:162 arg1 agents 164:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 1 57 theme chemotherapeutic 147:162 arg1 carcinoma 222:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 5 58 theme hepatocellular 742:755 arg1 lines 772:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines 742:776 We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of Dox-DGMNs, the drug and carrier composites, under guidance of external magnetic field (EMF) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and in tumour grafts. 29843878 1 59 theme agents 164:169 arg1 agents 164:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents 126:169 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 1 59 theme agents 164:169 arg1 one 119:121 one 119:121 one 119:121 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 29843878 1 59 theme agents 164:169 arg1 carcinoma 222:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 hepatocellular carcinoma 207:230 Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents for many types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma. 31733239 6 0 theme surface 1295:1301 arg1 functionalities 1303:1317 their surface functionalities 1289:1317 their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups) 1289:1359 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 0 theme surface 1295:1301 arg1 groups 1353:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 4 1 theme high 811:814 arg1 >200 °C 835:841 >200 °C 835:841 >200 °C 835:841 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 4 1 theme high 811:814 arg1 stability 824:832 high thermal stability 811:832 high thermal stability (>200 °C) 811:842 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 3 2 theme mixture 496:502 arg1 acids 504:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 5 3 theme Juncus 875:880 arg1 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 3 theme Juncus 875:880 arg1 alternative 954:964 a valuable alternative 943:964 a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production 943:1041 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 3 theme Juncus 875:880 arg1 source 918:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 1 4 theme Juncus 258:263 arg1 plant 265:269 Juncus plant 258:269 Juncus plant 258:269 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 4 theme Juncus 258:263 arg1 material 241:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 0 5 theme plant 90:94 arg1 stems 96:100 Juncus plant stems 83:100 Juncus plant stems 83:100 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 5 6 theme conventional 969:980 arg1 cotton 1007:1012 cotton 1007:1012 cotton 1007:1012 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 6 theme conventional 969:980 arg1 sources 982:988 conventional sources 969:988 conventional sources such as wood and cotton 969:1012 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 6 theme conventional 969:980 arg1 wood 998:1001 wood 998:1001 wood 998:1001 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 2 7 theme cellulose 361:369 arg1 microfibers 371:381 purified cellulose microfibers 352:381 purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) 352:387 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 2 7 theme cellulose 361:369 arg1 CMF 384:386 CMF 384:386 CMF 384:386 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 6 8 theme produced 1371:1378 arg1 CNC 1380:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 8 theme produced 1371:1378 arg1 agents 1436:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 8 theme produced 1371:1378 arg1 nano-additives 1401:1414 nano-additives 1401:1414 nano-additives 1401:1414 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 5 9 theme identified 864:873 arg1 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 9 theme identified 864:873 arg1 alternative 954:964 a valuable alternative 943:964 a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production 943:1041 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 9 theme identified 864:873 arg1 source 918:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 6 10 theme large 1105:1109 arg1 aspect 1111:1116 the large aspect 1101:1116 the large aspect ratio 1101:1122 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 3 11 theme carboxylated 547:558 arg1 C-CNC 565:569 C-CNC 565:569 C-CNC 565:569 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 11 theme carboxylated 547:558 arg1 CNC 560:562 carboxylated CNC 547:562 carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) 547:570 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 6 12 theme high 1077:1080 arg1 stability 1090:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 4 13 theme thermal 816:822 arg1 >200 °C 835:841 >200 °C 835:841 >200 °C 835:841 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 4 13 theme thermal 816:822 arg1 stability 824:832 high thermal stability 811:832 high thermal stability (>200 °C) 811:842 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 6 14 theme CNC 1183:1185 arg1 use 1162:1164 the use 1158:1164 the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1158:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 3 15 theme sulfuric 463:470 arg1 acids 504:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 4 16 theme I 788:788 arg1 structure 790:798 cellulose I structure 778:798 cellulose I structure 778:798 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 2 17 theme plant 283:287 arg1 stems 289:293 The Juncus plant stems 272:293 The Juncus plant stems 272:293 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 2 18 theme average 397:403 arg1 diameter 405:412 an average diameter 394:412 an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36% 394:439 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 6 19 theme sulfated 1320:1327 arg1 functionalities 1303:1317 their surface functionalities 1289:1317 their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups) 1289:1359 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 19 theme sulfated 1320:1327 arg1 groups 1353:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 3 20 theme 352 ± 79 nm 667:677 arg1 diameter 598:605 a diameter 596:605 a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 596:635 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 20 theme 352 ± 79 nm 667:677 arg1 length 644:649 a length 642:649 a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm 642:677 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 4 21 theme cellulose 778:786 arg1 structure 790:798 cellulose I structure 778:798 cellulose I structure 778:798 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 2 22 theme Juncus 276:281 arg1 stems 289:293 The Juncus plant stems 272:293 The Juncus plant stems 272:293 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 6 23 theme surface 1345:1351 arg1 functionalities 1303:1317 their surface functionalities 1289:1317 their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups) 1289:1359 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 23 theme surface 1345:1351 arg1 groups 1353:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 2 24 theme % 439:439 arg1 yield 428:432 yield 428:432 yield 428:432 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 2 24 theme % 439:439 arg1 3.5 µm 417:422 3.5 µm 417:422 3.5 µm 417:422 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 6 25 theme thermal 1082:1088 arg1 stability 1090:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 2 26 theme chemical 321:328 arg1 treatments 330:339 chemical treatments 321:339 chemical treatments 321:339 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 6 27 theme water-soluble 1447:1459 arg1 bio-polymers 1461:1472 water-soluble bio-polymers 1447:1472 water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1447:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 28 theme extracted 1173:1181 arg1 CNC 1183:1185 the extracted CNC 1169:1185 the extracted CNC 1169:1185 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 29 dep order 1477:1481 arg1 produce 1486:1492 produce 1486:1492 to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1483:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 3 30 dep acids 504:508 arg1 hydrolysis 510:519 hydrolysis 510:519 hydrolysis 510:519 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 6 31 theme nano-reinforcing 1190:1205 arg1 agents 1207:1212 nano-reinforcing agents 1190:1212 nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1190:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 32 dep require 1231:1237 arg1 used 1393:1396 used 1393:1396 could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1384:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 33 dep 200 °C. 1272:1278 arg1 to 1269:1270 to 1269:1270 to 1269:1270 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 5 34 theme valuable 945:952 arg1 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 34 theme valuable 945:952 arg1 alternative 954:964 a valuable alternative 943:964 a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production 943:1041 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 6 35 theme determined 1066:1075 arg1 stability 1090:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 the determined high thermal stability 1062:1098 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 2 36 theme yield 428:432 arg1 diameter 405:412 an average diameter 394:412 an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36% 394:439 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 3 37 theme sulfated 522:529 arg1 S-CNC 536:540 S-CNC 536:540 S-CNC 536:540 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 37 theme sulfated 522:529 arg1 CNC 531:533 sulfated CNC 522:533 sulfated CNC (S-CNC) 522:541 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 38 theme 7.3 ± 2.2 610:618 arg1 diameter 598:605 a diameter 596:605 a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 596:635 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 38 theme 7.3 ± 2.2 610:618 arg1 length 644:649 a length 642:649 a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm 642:677 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 4 39 theme extracted 706:714 arg1 S-CNC 716:720 S-CNC 716:720 S-CNC 716:720 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 6 40 theme nano-reinforcing 1419:1434 arg1 agents 1436:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 40 theme nano-reinforcing 1419:1434 arg1 CNC 1380:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 2 41 theme 3.5 µm 417:422 arg1 diameter 405:412 an average diameter 394:412 an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36% 394:439 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 0 42 theme cellulose 45:53 arg1 nanocrystals 55:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 3 43 theme citric/hydrochloric 476:494 arg1 acids 504:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids 463:508 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 6 44 theme carboxylated 1332:1343 arg1 functionalities 1303:1317 their surface functionalities 1289:1317 their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups) 1289:1359 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 44 theme carboxylated 1332:1343 arg1 groups 1353:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 sulfated or carboxylated surface groups 1320:1358 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 45 from bio-polymers 1461:1472 arg1 order 1477:1481 order 1477:1481 order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1477:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 1 46 theme identified 203:212 arg1 plant 265:269 Juncus plant 258:269 Juncus plant 258:269 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 46 theme identified 203:212 arg1 material 241:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 0 47 theme carboxylated 32:43 arg1 nanocrystals 55:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 6 48 theme processing 1239:1248 arg1 temperatures 1250:1261 processing temperatures 1239:1261 processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing 1239:1284 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 5 49 used used 935:938 arg2 alternative 954:964 a valuable alternative 943:964 a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production 943:1041 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 49 used used 935:938 arg2 source 918:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 49 used used 935:938 arg2 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 1 50 theme cellulose-rich 214:227 arg1 plant 265:269 Juncus plant 258:269 Juncus plant 258:269 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 50 theme cellulose-rich 214:227 arg1 material 241:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 5 51 theme nanocellulose 1018:1030 arg1 production 1032:1041 nanocellulose production 1018:1041 nanocellulose production 1018:1041 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 2 52 theme purified 352:359 arg1 microfibers 371:381 purified cellulose microfibers 352:381 purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) 352:387 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 2 52 theme purified 352:359 arg1 CMF 384:386 CMF 384:386 CMF 384:386 The Juncus plant stems were firstly subjected to chemical treatments to produce purified cellulose microfibers (CMF) with an average diameter of 3.5 µm and yield of 36%. 31733239 0 53 theme nanocrystals 55:66 arg1 Characteristics 0:14 Characteristics 0:14 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 0:66 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 4 54 theme % 771:771 arg1 crystallinity 744:756 a crystallinity 742:756 a crystallinity of 81% and 83% 742:771 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 6 55 theme casting 1524:1530 arg1 techniques 1532:1541 solvent casting techniques 1516:1541 solvent casting techniques 1516:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 1 56 theme sulfated 118:125 arg1 nanocrystals 154:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 118:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:171 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 56 theme sulfated 118:125 arg1 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 6 57 theme aspect 1111:1116 arg1 ratio 1118:1122 the large aspect ratio 1101:1122 the large aspect ratio 1101:1122 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 58 theme high 1128:1131 arg1 crystallinity 1133:1145 high crystallinity 1128:1145 high crystallinity 1128:1145 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 59 theme solvent 1516:1522 arg1 techniques 1532:1541 solvent casting techniques 1516:1541 solvent casting techniques 1516:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 1 60 theme bio-sourced 229:239 arg1 plant 265:269 Juncus plant 258:269 Juncus plant 258:269 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 60 theme bio-sourced 229:239 arg1 material 241:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material 197:248 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 5 61 theme naturally-derived 900:916 arg1 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 61 theme naturally-derived 900:916 arg1 source 918:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 3 62 theme 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 624:635 arg1 diameter 598:605 a diameter 596:605 a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 596:635 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 62 theme 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 624:635 arg1 length 644:649 a length 642:649 a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm 642:677 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 6 63 used used 1393:1396 arg2 nano-additives 1401:1414 nano-additives 1401:1414 nano-additives 1401:1414 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 63 used used 1393:1396 arg2 agents 1436:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 nano-reinforcing agents 1419:1441 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 6 63 used used 1393:1396 arg2 CNC 1380:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 the here produced CNC 1362:1382 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 1 64 theme carboxylated 131:142 arg1 nanocrystals 154:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 118:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:171 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 64 theme carboxylated 131:142 arg1 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 6 65 theme Owing 1280:1284 arg1 temperatures 1250:1261 processing temperatures 1239:1261 processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing 1239:1284 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 0 66 theme Juncus 83:88 arg1 stems 96:100 Juncus plant stems 83:100 Juncus plant stems 83:100 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 4 67 theme % 763:763 arg1 crystallinity 744:756 a crystallinity 742:756 a crystallinity of 81% and 83% 742:771 These newly extracted S-CNC and C-CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 81% and 83% with cellulose I structure and showed high thermal stability (>200 °C). 31733239 1 68 theme cellulose 144:152 arg1 nanocrystals 154:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 118:165 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:171 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 1 68 theme cellulose 144:152 arg1 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 CNC 168:170 In this study, sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been produced from newly identified cellulose-rich bio-sourced material, namely Juncus plant. 31733239 6 69 from agents 1207:1212 arg1 polymers 1217:1224 polymers 1217:1224 polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques 1217:1541 We speculate that the determined high thermal stability, the large aspect ratio and high crystallinity will allow the use of the extracted CNC as nano-reinforcing agents in polymers that require processing temperatures of up to 200 °C. Owing to their surface functionalities (sulfated or carboxylated surface groups), the here produced CNC could be used as nano-additives or nano-reinforcing agents for water-soluble bio-polymers in order to produce bio-nanocomposites by solvent casting techniques. 31733239 3 70 theme 431 ± 94 654:661 arg1 diameter 598:605 a diameter 596:605 a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm 596:635 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 3 70 theme 431 ± 94 654:661 arg1 length 644:649 a length 642:649 a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm 642:677 By subjecting CMF to sulfuric and citric/hydrochloric mixture acids hydrolysis, sulfated CNC (S-CNC) and carboxylated CNC (C-CNC) have been produced with a diameter of 7.3 ± 2.2 and 6.1 ± 2.8 nm, and a length of 431 ± 94 and 352 ± 79 nm, respectively. 31733239 0 71 theme sulfated 19:26 arg1 nanocrystals 55:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals 19:66 Characteristics of sulfated and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Juncus plant stems. 31733239 5 72 link naturally-derived 900:916 arg1 plant 882:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 this newly identified Juncus plant 853:886 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 31733239 5 72 link naturally-derived 900:916 arg1 source 918:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 a naturally-derived source 898:923 Herein, this newly identified Juncus plant, which is a naturally-derived source, could be used as a valuable alternative to conventional sources such as wood and cotton for nanocellulose production. 29499105 4 0 theme % 847:847 arg1 contents 834:841 an amylose contents 823:841 an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79% 823:860 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 7 1 theme nonstarch 1146:1154 arg1 content 1171:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content 1146:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm 1146:1194 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 4 2 theme breeding 734:741 arg1 exercise 743:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 1 3 theme wheat 232:236 arg1 flour 238:242 wheat flour 232:242 wheat flour 232:242 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 2 4 theme 3:1 438:440 arg1 starch 358:363 The starch 354:363 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) 354:431 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 2 4 theme 3:1 438:440 arg1 mixture 442:448 a 3:1 mixture 436:448 a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose 436:499 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 7 5 theme polysaccharide 1156:1169 arg1 content 1171:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content 1146:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm 1146:1194 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 1 6 theme flour 238:242 arg1 component 219:227 the major component 209:227 the major component of wheat flour 209:242 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 1 6 theme flour 238:242 arg1 starch 201:206 starch 201:206 starch 201:206 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 0 7 theme amylose 91:97 arg1 content 99:105 amylose content 91:105 amylose content 91:105 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 3 8 theme different 640:648 arg1 ratio 665:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 4 9 theme mutant 785:790 arg1 lines 792:796 three mutant lines 779:796 three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79% 779:860 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 4 10 theme marker-assisted 718:732 arg1 exercise 743:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 4 11 theme % 860:860 arg1 contents 834:841 an amylose contents 823:841 an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79% 823:860 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 4 12 theme amylose 826:832 arg1 contents 834:841 an amylose contents 823:841 an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79% 823:860 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 7 13 from content 1171:1177 arg1 endosperm 1186:1194 the endosperm 1182:1194 the endosperm 1182:1194 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 4 14 theme conventional 705:716 arg1 exercise 743:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise 703:750 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 2 15 theme polysaccharides 461:475 arg1 starch 358:363 The starch 354:363 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) 354:431 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 2 15 theme polysaccharides 461:475 arg1 mixture 442:448 a 3:1 mixture 436:448 a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose 436:499 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 7 16 theme carbohydrate 1329:1340 arg1 pathways 1352:1359 the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways 1314:1359 pathways 1352:1359 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 7 17 theme synthesis 1342:1350 arg1 pathways 1352:1359 the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways 1314:1359 pathways 1352:1359 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 3 18 dep enzymes 556:562 arg1 enzymes 556:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes 527:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 527:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 18 dep enzymes 556:562 arg1 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 18 dep enzymes 556:562 arg1 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 7 19 theme carbon 1240:1245 arg1 process 1258:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 1 20 theme end 340:342 arg1 products 344:351 the flour's end products 328:351 the flour's end products 328:351 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 7 21 theme mutations 1223:1231 arg1 impact 1209:1214 an impact 1206:1214 an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process 1206:1264 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 1 22 contain have 249:252 arg2 effect 265:270 a profound effect 254:270 a profound effect 254:270 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 1 22 contain have 249:252 arg1 Modifications 165:177 Modifications 165:177 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, 165:243 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 7 23 theme allocation 1247:1256 arg1 process 1258:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 1 24 theme products 344:351 arg1 characteristics 309:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics 275:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products 275:351 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 2 25 dep Triticum 414:421 arg1 aestivum 423:430 Triticum aestivum 414:430 Triticum aestivum 414:430 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 7 26 theme sugar 1136:1140 arg1 content 1171:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content 1146:1177 nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm 1146:1194 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 7 26 theme sugar 1136:1140 arg1 analysis 1124:1131 An analysis 1121:1131 An analysis of sugar 1121:1140 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 3 27 theme certain 527:533 arg1 enzymes 556:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes 527:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 527:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 27 theme certain 527:533 arg1 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 27 theme certain 527:533 arg1 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 28 contain containing 627:636 arg2 ratio 665:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 28 contain containing 627:636 arg1 starches 618:625 starches 618:625 starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio 618:669 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 5 29 theme molecular 973:981 arg1 levels 983:988 both the biochemical and molecular levels 948:988 levels 983:988 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 3 30 theme key 535:537 arg1 enzymes 556:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes 527:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 527:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 30 theme key 535:537 arg1 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 30 theme key 535:537 arg1 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 2 31 theme wheats 406:411 arg1 grain 384:388 the grain 380:388 the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) 380:431 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 6 32 theme starch 1113:1118 arg1 functionality 1092:1104 the functionality 1088:1104 the functionality of the starch 1088:1118 Both the structure and composition of the starch were materially altered, changes which affected the functionality of the starch. 29499105 2 33 dep polysaccharides 461:475 arg1 polysaccharides 461:475 the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose 453:499 the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose 453:499 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 2 33 dep polysaccharides 461:475 arg1 amylose 493:499 amylose 493:499 amylose 493:499 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 2 33 dep polysaccharides 461:475 arg1 amylopectin 477:487 amylopectin 477:487 amylopectin 477:487 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 4 34 used used 762:765 arg2 mutagenesis 678:688 mutagenesis 678:688 mutagenesis 678:688 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 2 35 theme conventional 393:404 arg1 Triticum 414:421 Triticum 414:421 Triticum 414:421 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 2 35 theme conventional 393:404 arg1 wheats 406:411 conventional wheats 393:411 conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) 393:431 The starch synthesized in the grain of conventional wheats (Triticum aestivum) is a 3:1 mixture of the two polysaccharides amylopectin and amylose. 29499105 1 36 theme profound 256:263 arg1 effect 265:270 a profound effect 254:270 a profound effect 254:270 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 0 37 theme carbohydrate 108:119 arg1 allocation 121:130 carbohydrate allocation 108:130 carbohydrate allocation 108:130 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 5 38 theme direct 867:872 arg1 effects 890:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects 863:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines 863:927 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 5 39 theme pleiotropic 878:888 arg1 effects 890:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects 863:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines 863:927 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 0 40 theme key 38:40 arg1 enzymes 42:48 key enzymes 38:48 key enzymes involved in starch synthesis 38:77 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 3 41 theme enzymes 556:562 arg1 activity 515:522 the activity 511:522 the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 511:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 1 42 theme starch 201:206 arg1 composition 186:196 the composition 182:196 the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, 182:243 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 5 43 dep levels 983:988 arg1 both 948:951 both 948:951 both 948:951 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 7 44 from impact 1209:1214 arg1 process 1258:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 the carbon allocation process 1236:1264 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 5 45 theme biochemical 957:967 arg1 levels 983:988 both the biochemical and molecular levels 948:988 levels 983:988 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 3 46 theme starch 539:544 arg1 enzymes 556:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes 527:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 527:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 46 theme starch 539:544 arg1 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 46 theme starch 539:544 arg1 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 1 47 theme nutritional 279:289 arg1 characteristics 309:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics 275:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products 275:351 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 3 48 theme polysaccharide 650:663 arg1 ratio 665:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 a different polysaccharide ratio 638:669 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 7 49 from analysis 1124:1131 arg1 endosperm 1186:1194 the endosperm 1182:1194 the endosperm 1182:1194 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 3 50 theme synthesis 546:554 arg1 enzymes 556:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes 527:562 certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) 527:588 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 50 theme synthesis 546:554 arg1 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 SBEIIa 582:587 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 3 50 theme synthesis 546:554 arg1 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 SSIIa 572:576 Altering the activity of certain key starch synthesis enzymes (GBSSI, SSIIa and SBEIIa) has succeeded in generating starches containing a different polysaccharide ratio. 29499105 0 51 from content 99:105 arg1 grain 158:162 the wheat grain 148:162 the wheat grain 148:162 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 6 52 dep structure 1000:1008 arg1 the 996:998 the 996:998 the 996:998 Both the structure and composition of the starch were materially altered, changes which affected the functionality of the starch. 29499105 6 53 theme starch 1033:1038 arg1 composition 1014:1024 composition 1014:1024 composition 1014:1024 Both the structure and composition of the starch were materially altered, changes which affected the functionality of the starch. 29499105 6 53 theme starch 1033:1038 arg1 structure 1000:1008 structure 1000:1008 structure 1000:1008 Both the structure and composition of the starch were materially altered, changes which affected the functionality of the starch. 29499105 0 54 from hardness 136:143 arg1 grain 158:162 the wheat grain 148:162 the wheat grain 148:162 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 0 55 theme wheat 152:156 arg1 grain 158:162 the wheat grain 148:162 the wheat grain 148:162 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 5 56 theme multiple 905:912 arg1 lines 923:927 the multiple mutation lines 901:927 the multiple mutation lines 901:927 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 7 57 theme cross-talk 1295:1304 arg1 existence 1282:1290 the existence 1278:1290 the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways 1278:1359 An analysis of sugar and nonstarch polysaccharide content in the endosperm suggested an impact of the mutations on the carbon allocation process, suggesting the existence of cross-talk between the starch and carbohydrate synthesis pathways. 29499105 1 58 theme major 213:217 arg1 component 219:227 the major component 209:227 the major component of wheat flour 209:242 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 1 58 theme major 213:217 arg1 starch 201:206 starch 201:206 starch 201:206 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 0 59 theme starch 62:67 arg1 synthesis 69:77 starch synthesis 62:77 starch synthesis 62:77 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 4 60 theme % 852:852 arg1 contents 834:841 an amylose contents 823:841 an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79% 823:860 Here, mutagenesis, followed by a conventional marker-assisted breeding exercise, has been used to generate three mutant lines that produce starch with an amylose contents of 0%, 46% and 79%. 29499105 5 61 theme mutation 914:921 arg1 lines 923:927 the multiple mutation lines 901:927 the multiple mutation lines 901:927 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 29499105 0 62 from allocation 121:130 arg1 grain 158:162 the wheat grain 148:162 the wheat grain 148:162 Combining mutations at genes encoding key enzymes involved in starch synthesis affects the amylose content, carbohydrate allocation and hardness in the wheat grain. 29499105 1 63 theme technological 295:307 arg1 characteristics 309:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics 275:323 the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products 275:351 Modifications to the composition of starch, the major component of wheat flour, can have a profound effect on the nutritional and technological characteristics of the flour's end products. 29499105 5 64 theme lines 923:927 arg1 effects 890:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects 863:896 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines 863:927 The direct and pleiotropic effects of the multiple mutation lines were identified at both the biochemical and molecular levels. 30968513 7 0 theme PVA 1149:1151 arg1 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 4 1 theme fluorescence 674:685 arg1 spectroscopy 687:698 fluorescence spectroscopy 674:698 fluorescence spectroscopy 674:698 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 4 2 theme nanocrystals 565:576 arg1 transport 548:556 The reversible transport 533:556 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene 533:618 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 7 3 theme shape 1114:1118 arg1 properties 1127:1136 the mechanical and shape memory properties 1095:1136 properties 1127:1136 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 6 4 theme other 853:857 arg1 hand 859:862 the other hand 849:862 the other hand 849:862 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 6 5 theme N2 922:923 arg1 bubbling 925:932 N2 bubbling 922:932 N2 bubbling 922:932 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 6 6 theme toluene 900:906 arg1 solution 908:915 the toluene solution 896:915 the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling 896:932 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 4 7 theme phase-separated 586:600 arg1 water 602:606 phase-separated water 586:606 phase-separated water 586:606 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 5 8 theme CO2 795:797 arg1 bubbling 799:806 CO2 bubbling 795:806 CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite 795:843 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 2 9 theme polymer 336:342 arg1 composites 344:353 polymer composites 336:353 polymer composites 336:353 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 6 10 theme SBS-CNC 1011:1017 arg1 nanocomposite 1019:1031 the SBS-CNC nanocomposite 1007:1031 the SBS-CNC nanocomposite 1007:1031 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 2 11 theme first 287:291 arg1 time 293:296 the first time 283:296 the first time 283:296 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 5 12 theme water-soluble 718:730 arg1 poly 732:735 water-soluble poly 718:735 water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 718:756 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 5 12 theme water-soluble 718:730 arg1 alcohol 743:749 vinyl alcohol 737:749 vinyl alcohol 737:749 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 5 12 theme water-soluble 718:730 arg1 PVA 753:755 PVA 753:755 PVA 753:755 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 7 13 theme SBS 1141:1143 arg1 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 2 14 theme universal 310:318 arg1 nanofiller 321:330 "universal" nanofiller 309:330 "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites 309:353 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 7 15 from effect 1085:1090 arg1 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 mechanical 1099:1108 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 7 15 from effect 1085:1090 arg1 properties 1127:1136 the mechanical and shape memory properties 1095:1136 properties 1127:1136 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 4 16 theme H 663:663 arg1 resonance 650:658 nuclear magnetic resonance 633:658 nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) 633:668 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 4 16 theme H 663:663 arg1 NMR 665:667 1 H NMR 661:667 1 H NMR 661:667 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 0 17 theme Hydrophilic 25:35 arg1 Polymers 53:60 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers 25:60 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers 25:60 Making Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers Using Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals. 30968513 4 18 theme reversible 537:546 arg1 transport 548:556 The reversible transport 533:556 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene 533:618 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 1 19 theme different 118:126 arg1 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 1 19 theme different 118:126 arg1 nanocrystals 161:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals 118:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:178 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 1 20 theme hydrophilic 219:229 arg1 polymers 247:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 5 21 theme dispersed 776:784 arg1 CNC 786:788 dispersed CNC 776:788 dispersed CNC 776:788 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 1 22 theme surface-functionalized 128:149 arg1 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 1 22 theme surface-functionalized 128:149 arg1 nanocrystals 161:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals 118:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:178 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 3 23 theme 2- 474:475 arg1 methacrylate 499:510 2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate 474:510 2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate 474:510 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 3 23 theme 2- 474:475 arg1 poly 469:472 pyrene-containing poly 451:472 pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py) 451:530 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 0 24 theme Hydrophobic 41:51 arg1 Polymers 53:60 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers 25:60 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers 25:60 Making Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers Using Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals. 30968513 1 25 theme hydrophobic 235:245 arg1 polymers 247:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 2 26 theme present 264:270 arg1 study 272:276 the present study 260:276 the present study 260:276 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 5 27 theme PVA-CNC 823:829 arg1 nanocomposite 831:843 the PVA-CNC nanocomposite 819:843 the PVA-CNC nanocomposite 819:843 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 2 28 theme gas-responsive 399:412 arg1 polymer 414:420 a gas-responsive polymer 397:420 a gas-responsive polymer 397:420 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 6 29 theme CNC 887:889 arg1 transfer 875:882 the transfer 871:882 the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling 871:932 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 4 30 theme magnetic 641:648 arg1 resonance 650:658 nuclear magnetic resonance 633:658 nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) 633:668 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 4 30 theme magnetic 641:648 arg1 NMR 665:667 1 H NMR 661:667 1 H NMR 661:667 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 5 31 theme vinyl 737:741 arg1 poly 732:735 water-soluble poly 718:735 water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 718:756 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 5 31 theme vinyl 737:741 arg1 alcohol 743:749 vinyl alcohol 737:749 vinyl alcohol 737:749 On the one hand, water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) can be mixed with dispersed CNC upon CO2 bubbling for making the PVA-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 1 32 theme cellulose 151:159 arg1 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 CNC 175:177 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 1 32 theme cellulose 151:159 arg1 nanocrystals 161:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals 118:172 different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 118:178 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 0 33 theme Polymers 53:60 arg1 Nanocomposites 7:20 Nanocomposites 7:20 Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers 7:60 Making Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers Using Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals. 30968513 7 34 theme memory 1120:1125 arg1 properties 1127:1136 the mechanical and shape memory properties 1095:1136 properties 1127:1136 In both systems, CNC are well dispersed, having an effect on the mechanical and shape memory properties of SBS and PVA, respectively. 30968513 2 35 theme nanofiller 321:330 arg1 kind 301:304 a kind 299:304 a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites 299:353 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 1 36 from nanofillers 204:214 arg1 polymers 247:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers 219:254 Generally, different surface-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are required for use as nanofillers in hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers. 30968513 2 37 theme " 319:319 arg1 nanofiller 321:330 "universal" nanofiller 309:330 "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites 309:353 In the present study, for the first time, a kind of "universal" nanofiller for polymer composites is demonstrated by using CNC grafted with a gas-responsive polymer. 30968513 0 38 theme Cellulose 83:91 arg1 Nanocrystals 93:104 Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals 68:104 Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals 68:104 Making Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers Using Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals. 30968513 6 39 theme triblock 967:974 arg1 copolymer 976:984 styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer 935:984 styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer 935:984 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30968513 3 40 theme pyrene-containing 451:467 arg1 poly 469:472 pyrene-containing poly 451:472 pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py) 451:530 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 3 40 theme pyrene-containing 451:467 arg1 CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py 514:529 CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py 514:529 CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py 514:529 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 3 40 theme pyrene-containing 451:467 arg1 methacrylate 499:510 2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate 474:510 2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate 474:510 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 4 41 theme nuclear 633:639 arg1 resonance 650:658 nuclear magnetic resonance 633:658 nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) 633:668 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 4 41 theme nuclear 633:639 arg1 NMR 665:667 1 H NMR 661:667 1 H NMR 661:667 The reversible transport of the nanocrystals between phase-separated water and toluene is proved by nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy. 30968513 0 42 theme Gas-Responsive 68:81 arg1 Nanocrystals 93:104 Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals 68:104 Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals 68:104 Making Nanocomposites of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymers Using Gas-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals. 30968513 3 43 dep 2- 474:475 arg1 N-diethylaminoethyl 479:497 N-diethylaminoethyl 479:497 N-diethylaminoethyl 479:497 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 3 43 dep 2- 474:475 arg1 N 477:477 N 477:477 N 477:477 CNC are functionalized with pyrene-containing poly(2-(N,N-diethylaminoethyl)methacrylate) (CNC-g-PDEAEMA-Py). 30968513 6 44 theme styrene-butadiene-styrene 935:959 arg1 copolymer 976:984 styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer 935:984 styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer 935:984 On the other hand, after the transfer of CNC into the toluene solution upon N2 bubbling, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer can be dissolved for the SBS-CNC nanocomposite. 30621233 6 0 theme carvacrol 1625:1633 arg1 compounds 1568:1576 both main active compounds 1551:1576 both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1551:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 1 with supplementation 1397:1411 arg1 Arabic 1422:1427 gum Arabic 1418:1427 gum Arabic 1418:1427 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 1 with supplementation 1397:1411 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 1444:1457 β-cyclodextrin 1444:1457 β-cyclodextrin 1444:1457 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 1 with supplementation 1397:1411 arg1 Tween 1430:1434 Tween 1430:1434 Tween 1430:1434 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 0 2 theme Gelatin 10:16 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of Gelatin 0:16 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 2 3 used used 536:539 arg2 mixture 525:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 4 4 theme Arabic 951:956 arg1 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 4 theme Arabic 951:956 arg1 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 4 theme Arabic 951:956 arg1 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 4 theme Arabic 951:956 arg1 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 4 theme Arabic 951:956 arg1 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 1 5 theme solid 332:336 arg1 formulations 338:349 solid formulations 332:349 solid formulations from oils 332:359 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 1 6 theme core 159:162 arg1 materials 164:172 core materials 159:172 core materials 159:172 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 3 7 theme size 860:863 arg1 distribution 865:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 6 8 theme acid 1616:1619 arg1 compounds 1568:1576 both main active compounds 1551:1576 both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1551:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 9 theme oregano 1589:1595 arg1 acid 1616:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 3 10 theme encapsulation 801:813 arg1 efficiency 815:824 the encapsulation efficiency 797:824 the encapsulation efficiency 797:824 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 4 11 theme gelatin 929:935 arg1 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 11 theme gelatin 929:935 arg1 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 11 theme gelatin 929:935 arg1 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 11 theme gelatin 929:935 arg1 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 11 theme gelatin 929:935 arg1 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 3 12 theme Turkish 700:706 arg1 microcapsules 716:728 Turkish oregano microcapsules 700:728 Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology 700:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 6 13 theme gum 1418:1420 arg1 Arabic 1422:1427 gum Arabic 1418:1427 gum Arabic 1418:1427 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 2 14 theme material 516:523 arg1 mixture 525:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 0 15 from Arabic 40:45 arg1 Microencapsulation 84:101 the Microencapsulation 80:101 the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract 80:128 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 2 16 theme material 406:413 arg1 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties 392:424 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 4 17 theme encapsulation 1048:1060 arg1 efficiency 1062:1071 the encapsulation efficiency 1044:1071 the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, 1044:1133 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 17 theme encapsulation 1048:1060 arg1 % 1144:1144 96.7% 1140:1144 96.7% 1140:1144 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 2 18 theme Wall 392:395 arg1 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties 392:424 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 2 19 theme wall 511:514 arg1 mixture 525:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 a wall material mixture 509:531 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 6 20 theme Turkish 1581:1587 arg1 acid 1616:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 5 21 theme microcapsules 1298:1310 arg1 release 1274:1280 in vitro release 1265:1280 in vitro release 1265:1280 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 5 21 theme microcapsules 1298:1310 arg1 properties 1225:1234 The physicochemical properties 1205:1234 The physicochemical properties 1205:1234 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 5 21 theme microcapsules 1298:1310 arg1 morphology 1249:1258 microscopic morphology 1237:1258 microscopic morphology 1237:1258 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 5 22 theme microscopic 1237:1247 arg1 morphology 1249:1258 microscopic morphology 1237:1258 microscopic morphology 1237:1258 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 6 23 theme gelatin 1356:1362 arg1 use 1349:1351 The use 1345:1351 The use of gelatin as the main coating material 1345:1391 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 3 24 theme oregano 708:714 arg1 microcapsules 716:728 Turkish oregano microcapsules 700:728 Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology 700:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 6 25 theme main 1371:1374 arg1 material 1384:1391 the main coating material 1367:1391 the main coating material 1367:1391 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 2 26 theme microencapsulation 440:457 arg1 efficiency 459:468 the microencapsulation efficiency 436:468 the microencapsulation efficiency 436:468 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 6 27 theme in 1531:1532 arg1 release 1540:1546 the in vitro release 1527:1546 the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1527:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 28 theme encapsulation 1482:1494 arg1 efficiency 1496:1505 the encapsulation efficiency 1478:1505 the encapsulation efficiency 1478:1505 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 4 29 theme extract 1035:1041 arg1 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 29 theme extract 1035:1041 arg1 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 29 theme extract 1035:1041 arg1 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 29 theme extract 1035:1041 arg1 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 29 theme extract 1035:1041 arg1 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 3 30 dep optimized 588:596 arg1 increase 769:776 increase 769:776 increase the product yield 769:794 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 3 30 dep optimized 588:596 arg1 achieve 834:840 achieve 834:840 to achieve narrower particle size distribution 831:876 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 3 31 theme spray-drying 742:753 arg1 technology 755:764 spray-drying technology 742:764 spray-drying technology 742:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 0 32 theme Turkish 106:112 arg1 Extract 122:128 Turkish Oregano Extract 106:128 Turkish Oregano Extract 106:128 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 4 33 theme oregano 1027:1033 arg1 extract 1035:1041 ethanolic oregano extract 1017:1041 ethanolic oregano extract 1017:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 1 34 from oils 356:359 arg1 formulations 338:349 solid formulations 332:349 solid formulations from oils 332:359 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 3 35 theme microcapsules 716:728 arg1 composition 616:626 the wall material composition 598:626 the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology 598:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 6 36 theme compounds 1568:1576 arg1 release 1540:1546 the in vitro release 1527:1546 the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1527:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg2 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg2 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg2 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg2 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg2 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 37 contain contained 911:919 arg1 solution 902:909 the wall material solution 884:909 the wall material solution 884:909 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 1 38 theme environmental 200:212 arg1 moisture 234:241 moisture 234:241 moisture 234:241 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 1 38 theme environmental 200:212 arg1 conditions 214:223 environmental conditions 200:223 environmental conditions 200:223 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 1 38 theme environmental 200:212 arg1 oxidation 246:254 oxidation 246:254 oxidation 246:254 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 0 39 theme Gum 36:38 arg1 Arabic 40:45 Gum Arabic 36:45 Gum Arabic 36:45 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 1 40 theme active 293:298 arg1 compounds 300:308 active compounds 293:308 active compounds 293:308 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 0 41 theme Extract 122:128 arg1 Microencapsulation 84:101 the Microencapsulation 80:101 the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract 80:128 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 4 42 theme product 1179:1185 arg1 yield 1187:1191 the product yield 1175:1191 the product yield 1175:1191 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 42 theme product 1179:1185 arg1 % 1202:1202 85.63% 1197:1202 85.63% 1197:1202 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 5 43 theme physicochemical 1209:1223 arg1 properties 1225:1234 The physicochemical properties 1205:1234 The physicochemical properties 1205:1234 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 2 44 theme core 401:404 arg1 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties 392:424 properties 415:424 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 2 45 theme best 478:481 arg1 results 483:489 the best results 474:489 the best results 474:489 Wall and core material properties determine the microencapsulation efficiency and the best results are achieved when a wall material mixture is used to prepare the microcapsules. 30621233 1 46 theme compounds 300:308 arg1 bioavailability 274:288 the bioavailability 270:288 the bioavailability of active compounds 270:308 Microencapsulation protects core materials from deteriorating due to environmental conditions, such as moisture or oxidation, and improves the bioavailability of active compounds, allowing one to make solid formulations from oils and increase their solubility. 30621233 0 47 theme Oregano 114:120 arg1 Extract 122:128 Turkish Oregano Extract 106:128 Turkish Oregano Extract 106:128 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 6 48 theme main 1556:1559 arg1 compounds 1568:1576 both main active compounds 1551:1576 both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1551:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 3 49 dep composition 616:626 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 681:694 β-cyclodextrin 681:694 β-cyclodextrin 681:694 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 3 49 dep composition 616:626 arg1 gelatin 629:635 gelatin 629:635 gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic 629:664 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 3 49 dep composition 616:626 arg1 Tween 667:671 Tween 667:671 Tween 667:671 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 4 50 theme Tween 969:973 arg1 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 50 theme Tween 969:973 arg1 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 50 theme Tween 969:973 arg1 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 50 theme Tween 969:973 arg1 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 50 theme Tween 969:973 arg1 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 51 theme wall 888:891 arg1 solution 902:909 the wall material solution 884:909 the wall material solution 884:909 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 6 52 dep in 1531:1532 arg1 vitro 1534:1538 vitro 1534:1538 vitro 1534:1538 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 4 53 theme rosmarinic 1104:1113 arg1 compounds 1093:1101 oregano's active compounds 1076:1101 oregano's active compounds 1076:1101 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 53 theme rosmarinic 1104:1113 arg1 acid 1115:1118 rosmarinic acid 1104:1118 rosmarinic acid 1104:1118 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 5 54 dep in 1265:1266 arg1 vitro 1268:1272 vitro 1268:1272 vitro 1268:1272 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 3 55 theme narrower 842:849 arg1 distribution 865:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 6 56 theme active 1561:1566 arg1 compounds 1568:1576 both main active compounds 1551:1576 both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol 1551:1633 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 3 57 theme material 607:614 arg1 composition 616:626 the wall material composition 598:626 the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology 598:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 5 58 theme prepared 1289:1296 arg1 microcapsules 1298:1310 the prepared microcapsules 1285:1310 the prepared microcapsules 1285:1310 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 3 59 theme particle 851:858 arg1 distribution 865:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 narrower particle size distribution 842:876 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 4 60 theme material 893:900 arg1 solution 902:909 the wall material solution 884:909 the wall material solution 884:909 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 3 61 theme gum 655:657 arg1 Arabic 659:664 gum Arabic 655:664 gum Arabic 655:664 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 4 62 theme active 1086:1091 arg1 compounds 1093:1101 oregano's active compounds 1076:1101 oregano's active compounds 1076:1101 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 62 theme active 1086:1091 arg1 acid 1115:1118 rosmarinic acid 1104:1118 rosmarinic acid 1104:1118 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 62 theme active 1086:1091 arg1 carvacrol 1124:1132 carvacrol 1124:1132 carvacrol 1124:1132 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 63 theme ethanolic 1017:1025 arg1 extract 1035:1041 ethanolic oregano extract 1017:1041 ethanolic oregano extract 1017:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 64 theme gum 947:949 arg1 Arabic 951:956 gum Arabic 947:956 gum Arabic 947:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 0 65 from β-Cyclodextrin 62:75 arg1 Microencapsulation 84:101 the Microencapsulation 80:101 the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract 80:128 Impact of Gelatin Supplemented with Gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-Cyclodextrin on the Microencapsulation of Turkish Oregano Extract. 30621233 6 66 theme extract-rosmarinic 1597:1614 arg1 acid 1616:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid 1581:1619 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 6 67 theme coating 1376:1382 arg1 material 1384:1391 the main coating material 1367:1391 the main coating material 1367:1391 The use of gelatin as the main coating material, in supplementation with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin, not only improved the encapsulation efficiency, but also increased the in vitro release of both main active compounds of Turkish oregano extract-rosmarinic acid and carvacrol. 30621233 3 68 theme product 782:788 arg1 yield 790:794 the product yield 778:794 the product yield 778:794 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 3 69 theme wall 602:605 arg1 composition 616:626 the wall material composition 598:626 the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology 598:764 In this work, we optimized the wall material composition (gelatin supplemented with gum Arabic, Tween 20, and β-cyclodextrin) of Turkish oregano microcapsules prepared by spray-drying technology to increase the product yield, the encapsulation efficiency, and to achieve narrower particle size distribution. 30621233 5 70 theme in 1265:1266 arg1 release 1274:1280 in vitro release 1265:1280 in vitro release 1265:1280 The physicochemical properties, microscopic morphology, and in vitro release of the prepared microcapsules were characterized in the study. 30621233 4 71 theme β-cyclodextrin 989:1002 arg1 g 1012:1012 20 g 1009:1012 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract 1009:1041 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 71 theme β-cyclodextrin 989:1002 arg1 g 942:942 7.5 g 938:942 7.5 g of gum Arabic 938:956 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 71 theme β-cyclodextrin 989:1002 arg1 g 924:924 10 g 921:924 10 g of gelatin 921:935 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 71 theme β-cyclodextrin 989:1002 arg1 g 964:964 1.99 g 959:964 1.99 g of Tween 20 959:976 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 30621233 4 71 theme β-cyclodextrin 989:1002 arg1 g 984:984 1.98 g 979:984 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin 979:1002 When the wall material solution contained 10 g of gelatin, 7.5 g of gum Arabic, 1.99 g of Tween 20, 1.98 g of β-cyclodextrin, and 20 g of ethanolic oregano extract, the encapsulation efficiency of oregano's active compounds, rosmarinic acid and carvacrol, were 96.7% and 99.8%, respectively, and the product yield was 85.63%. 31403769 1 0 theme improved 181:188 arg1 performance 201:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 4 1 theme atomic 598:603 arg1 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 1 theme atomic 598:603 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 1 theme atomic 598:603 arg1 microscopy 580:589 scanning electron microscopy 562:589 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 562:595 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 1 2 theme mechanical 190:199 arg1 performance 201:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 1 3 with composites 165:174 arg1 performance 201:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 improved mechanical performance 181:211 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 2 4 theme cellulose 323:331 arg1 CFs 341:343 CFs 341:343 CFs 341:343 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 2 4 theme cellulose 323:331 arg1 fibers 333:338 cellulose fibers 323:338 cellulose fibers (CFs) 323:344 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 5 5 theme tensile 917:923 arg1 test 925:928 a tensile test 915:928 a tensile test 915:928 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 6 theme up 1057:1058 arg1 addition 1035:1042 the addition 1031:1042 the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt % 1031:1068 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 2 7 theme aluminosilicate 379:393 arg1 nanotubes 360:368 imogolite nanotubes 350:368 imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) 350:404 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 2 7 theme aluminosilicate 379:393 arg1 nanotubes 395:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 4 8 theme force 605:609 arg1 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 8 theme force 605:609 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 8 theme force 605:609 arg1 microscopy 580:589 scanning electron microscopy 562:589 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 562:595 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 9 theme wide-angle 811:820 arg1 WAXD 841:844 WAXD 841:844 WAXD 841:844 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 9 theme wide-angle 811:820 arg1 diffraction 828:838 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 811:838 wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) 811:845 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 5 10 theme materials 888:896 arg1 properties 863:872 The mechanical properties 848:872 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials 848:896 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 4 11 theme mechanical 760:769 arg1 DMA 781:783 DMA 781:783 DMA 781:783 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 11 theme mechanical 760:769 arg1 analysis 771:778 dynamic mechanical analysis 752:778 dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 752:784 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 0 12 theme Hybrid 18:23 arg1 Films 25:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films 0:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films 0:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films Fabricated from Cellulose Fibers and Imogolite Nanotubes. 31403769 5 13 theme wt 1065:1066 arg1 % 1068:1068 1 wt % 1063:1068 1 wt % 1063:1068 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 0 14 theme Organic-Inorganic 0:16 arg1 Films 25:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films 0:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films 0:29 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films Fabricated from Cellulose Fibers and Imogolite Nanotubes. 31403769 3 15 dep structure 445:453 arg1 the 441:443 the 441:443 the 441:443 We mainly studied the structure, density, and properties of the hybrid materials. 31403769 1 16 theme growing 228:234 arg1 interest 236:243 growing interest 228:243 growing interest 228:243 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 5 17 theme hybrid 1123:1128 arg1 film 1130:1133 the hybrid film 1119:1133 the hybrid film 1119:1133 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 18 theme films 995:999 arg1 properties 970:979 the mechanical properties 955:979 the mechanical properties of the hybrid films 955:999 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 1 19 theme increasing 102:111 arg1 awareness 127:135 the increasing environmental awareness 98:135 the increasing environmental awareness 98:135 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 5 20 theme film 1130:1133 arg1 properties 1105:1114 the thermal-mechanical properties 1082:1114 the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film 1082:1133 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 20 theme film 1130:1133 arg1 meanwhile 1071:1079 meanwhile 1071:1079 meanwhile 1071:1079 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 1 21 theme environmental 113:125 arg1 awareness 127:135 the increasing environmental awareness 98:135 the increasing environmental awareness 98:135 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 3 22 theme hybrid 487:492 arg1 materials 494:502 the hybrid materials 483:502 the hybrid materials 483:502 We mainly studied the structure, density, and properties of the hybrid materials. 31403769 0 23 theme Cellulose 47:55 arg1 Fibers 57:62 Cellulose Fibers 47:62 Cellulose Fibers 47:62 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films Fabricated from Cellulose Fibers and Imogolite Nanotubes. 31403769 5 24 theme hybrid 881:886 arg1 materials 888:896 the hybrid materials 877:896 the hybrid materials 877:896 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 4 25 theme rheological 789:799 arg1 test 801:804 a rheological test 787:804 a rheological test 787:804 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 26 theme infrared 647:654 arg1 FT-IR 670:674 FT-IR 670:674 FT-IR 670:674 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 26 theme infrared 647:654 arg1 spectroscopy 656:667 infrared spectroscopy 647:667 infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 647:675 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 5 27 theme thermal-mechanical 1086:1103 arg1 properties 1105:1114 the thermal-mechanical properties 1082:1114 the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film 1082:1133 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 27 theme thermal-mechanical 1086:1103 arg1 meanwhile 1071:1079 meanwhile 1071:1079 meanwhile 1071:1079 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 28 theme imogolite 1047:1055 arg1 up 1057:1058 imogolite up 1047:1058 imogolite up 1047:1058 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 29 theme hybrid 988:993 arg1 films 995:999 the hybrid films 984:999 the hybrid films 984:999 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 4 30 theme X-ray 822:826 arg1 WAXD 841:844 WAXD 841:844 WAXD 841:844 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 30 theme X-ray 822:826 arg1 diffraction 828:838 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 811:838 wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) 811:845 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 31 theme electron 571:578 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 31 theme electron 571:578 arg1 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 31 theme electron 571:578 arg1 microscopy 580:589 scanning electron microscopy 562:589 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 562:595 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 3 32 theme materials 494:502 arg1 density 456:462 density 456:462 density 456:462 We mainly studied the structure, density, and properties of the hybrid materials. 31403769 3 32 theme materials 494:502 arg1 properties 469:478 properties 469:478 properties 469:478 We mainly studied the structure, density, and properties of the hybrid materials. 31403769 3 32 theme materials 494:502 arg1 structure 445:453 structure 445:453 structure 445:453 We mainly studied the structure, density, and properties of the hybrid materials. 31403769 2 33 theme natural 371:377 arg1 nanotubes 360:368 imogolite nanotubes 350:368 imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) 350:404 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 2 33 theme natural 371:377 arg1 nanotubes 395:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 4 34 theme thermogravimetric 718:734 arg1 TGA 746:748 TGA 746:748 TGA 746:748 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 34 theme thermogravimetric 718:734 arg1 analysis 736:743 thermogravimetric analysis 718:743 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 718:749 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 35 theme scanning 562:569 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 35 theme scanning 562:569 arg1 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 35 theme scanning 562:569 arg1 microscopy 580:589 scanning electron microscopy 562:589 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 562:595 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 2 36 theme hybrid 298:303 arg1 films 305:309 hybrid films 298:309 hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) 298:404 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 1 37 theme nanocellulose/natural 138:158 arg1 composites 165:174 nanocellulose/natural clay composites 138:174 nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance 138:211 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 1 38 theme eco-friendly 258:269 arg1 properties 271:280 their eco-friendly properties 252:280 their eco-friendly properties 252:280 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 4 39 theme dynamic 752:758 arg1 DMA 781:783 DMA 781:783 DMA 781:783 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 39 theme dynamic 752:758 arg1 analysis 771:778 dynamic mechanical analysis 752:778 dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 752:784 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 1 40 theme clay 160:163 arg1 composites 165:174 nanocellulose/natural clay composites 138:174 nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance 138:211 Owing to the increasing environmental awareness, nanocellulose/natural clay composites with improved mechanical performance have attracted growing interest due to their eco-friendly properties. 31403769 2 41 theme imogolite 350:358 arg1 nanotubes 360:368 imogolite nanotubes 350:368 imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) 350:404 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 2 41 theme imogolite 350:358 arg1 nanotubes 395:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 natural aluminosilicate nanotubes 371:403 In this study, hybrid films composed of cellulose fibers (CFs) and imogolite nanotubes (natural aluminosilicate nanotubes) were fabricated. 31403769 5 42 theme mechanical 852:861 arg1 properties 863:872 The mechanical properties 848:872 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials 848:896 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 5 43 theme mechanical 959:968 arg1 properties 970:979 the mechanical properties 955:979 the mechanical properties of the hybrid films 955:999 The mechanical properties of the hybrid materials were measured by a tensile test, which demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the hybrid films were considerably improved by the addition of imogolite up to 1 wt %; meanwhile, the thermal-mechanical properties of the hybrid film were also enhanced. 31403769 4 44 theme photoelectron 684:696 arg1 spectroscopy 698:709 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 678:709 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 678:715 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 44 theme photoelectron 684:696 arg1 XPS 712:714 XPS 712:714 XPS 712:714 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 0 45 theme Imogolite 68:76 arg1 Nanotubes 78:86 Imogolite Nanotubes 68:86 Imogolite Nanotubes 68:86 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Films Fabricated from Cellulose Fibers and Imogolite Nanotubes. 31403769 4 46 theme hybrid 523:528 arg1 materials 530:538 the hybrid materials 519:538 the hybrid materials 519:538 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 47 theme X-ray 678:682 arg1 spectroscopy 698:709 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 678:709 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 678:715 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31403769 4 47 theme X-ray 678:682 arg1 XPS 712:714 XPS 712:714 XPS 712:714 Specifically, the hybrid materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), a rheological test, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). 31314500 2 0 theme cellulose-based 510:524 arg1 structures 526:535 cellulose-based structures 510:535 cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils 510:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 2 0 theme cellulose-based 510:524 arg1 nanocrystals 555:566 cellulose nanocrystals 545:566 cellulose nanocrystals 545:566 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 2 0 theme cellulose-based 510:524 arg1 nanofibrils 581:591 cellulose nanofibrils 571:591 cellulose nanofibrils 571:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 6 1 theme facile 1326:1331 arg1 methods 1344:1350 new facile processing methods 1322:1350 new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites 1322:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 4 2 theme crystalline 956:966 arg1 domains 968:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 0 3 from Process 30:36 arg1 Berries 80:86 Mistletoe Berries 70:86 Mistletoe Berries 70:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 1 4 theme extraordinary 158:170 arg1 ability 172:178 an extraordinary ability 155:178 an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing 155:300 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 5 5 theme relative 1178:1185 arg1 humidity 1187:1194 45% relative humidity 1174:1194 45% relative humidity 1174:1194 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 0 6 theme Mistletoe 70:78 arg1 Berries 80:86 Mistletoe Berries 70:86 Mistletoe Berries 70:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 4 7 theme high-aspect-ratio 938:954 arg1 domains 968:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 3 8 dep in 617:618 arg1 situ 620:623 situ 620:623 situ 620:623 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 3 9 theme humidity-controlled 687:705 arg1 analysis 718:725 humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 687:725 humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 687:725 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 6 10 dep findings 1203:1210 arg1 only 1216:1219 only 1216:1219 only 1216:1219 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 5 11 theme stiff 1116:1120 arg1 fiber 1122:1126 a stiff fiber 1114:1126 a stiff fiber 1114:1126 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 6 12 theme new 1322:1324 arg1 methods 1344:1350 new facile processing methods 1322:1350 new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites 1322:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 3 13 theme viscin 772:777 arg1 bundle 784:789 a viscin cell bundle 770:789 a viscin cell bundle 770:789 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 6 14 theme next-generation 1356:1370 arg1 composites 1383:1392 next-generation cellulosic composites 1356:1392 next-generation cellulosic composites 1356:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 5 15 theme aligned 1084:1090 arg1 state 1105:1109 an aligned, yet flowing state 1081:1109 an aligned, yet flowing state 1081:1109 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 5 16 dep aligned 1084:1090 arg1 flowing 1097:1103 flowing 1097:1103 flowing 1097:1103 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 2 17 theme cellulose 545:553 arg1 nanocrystals 555:566 cellulose nanocrystals 545:566 cellulose nanocrystals 545:566 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 3 18 theme cell 779:782 arg1 bundle 784:789 a viscin cell bundle 770:789 a viscin cell bundle 770:789 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 4 19 theme cellulose 904:912 arg1 microfibrils 914:925 cellulose microfibrils 904:925 cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 904:974 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 6 20 theme mistletoe 1264:1272 arg1 success 1253:1259 the adaptive success 1240:1259 the adaptive success of mistletoe 1240:1272 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 5 21 theme % 1176:1176 arg1 humidity 1187:1194 45% relative humidity 1174:1194 45% relative humidity 1174:1194 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 6 22 theme methods 1344:1350 arg1 development 1307:1317 the development 1303:1317 the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites 1303:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 4 23 theme water-responsive 1026:1041 arg1 matrix 1057:1062 a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 1024:1062 a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 1024:1062 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 1 24 contain possesses 145:153 arg2 ability 172:178 an extraordinary ability 155:178 an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing 155:300 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 1 24 contain possesses 145:153 arg1 tissue 113:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue 89:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries 89:143 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 6 25 theme processing 1333:1342 arg1 methods 1344:1350 new facile processing methods 1322:1350 new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites 1322:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 3 26 theme hydrogel-like 796:808 arg1 tissues 810:816 hydrogel-like tissues 796:816 hydrogel-like tissues 796:816 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 2 27 theme extreme 318:324 arg1 process 341:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 5 28 from state 1105:1109 arg1 Transition 1065:1074 Transition 1065:1074 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber 1065:1126 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 1 29 theme simple 276:281 arg1 drawing 294:300 simple mechanical drawing 276:300 simple mechanical drawing 276:300 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 3 30 from tissues 810:816 arg1 transition 756:765 the dynamic transition 744:765 the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers 744:843 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 3 31 theme in 617:618 arg1 microscopy 641:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 2 32 theme >200-fold 400:408 arg1 increase 410:417 an astonishing >200-fold increase 385:417 an astonishing >200-fold increase in length 385:427 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 0 33 theme Assembly 21:28 arg1 Process 30:36 the Rapid Assembly Process 11:36 the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 11:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 1 34 theme mechanical 283:292 arg1 drawing 294:300 simple mechanical drawing 276:300 simple mechanical drawing 276:300 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 1 35 theme mucilaginous 93:104 arg1 tissue 113:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue 89:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries 89:143 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 4 36 theme phase 878:882 arg1 transition 884:893 a massive phase transition 868:893 a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 868:1062 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 2 37 theme relevant 442:449 arg1 model 456:460 a relevant role model 440:460 a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils 440:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 2 38 theme role 451:454 arg1 model 456:460 a relevant role model 440:460 a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils 440:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 3 39 theme bundle 784:789 arg1 transition 756:765 the dynamic transition 744:765 the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers 744:843 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 0 40 from Berries 80:86 arg1 Fibers 58:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers 41:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 41:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 0 40 from Berries 80:86 arg1 Process 30:36 the Rapid Assembly Process 11:36 the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 11:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 1 41 theme viscin 106:111 arg1 tissue 113:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue 89:118 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries 89:143 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 1 42 theme ambient 210:216 arg1 conditions 218:227 ambient conditions 210:227 ambient conditions 210:227 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 4 43 theme noncellulosic 1043:1055 arg1 matrix 1057:1062 a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 1024:1062 a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 1024:1062 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 3 44 theme mechanical 707:716 arg1 analysis 718:725 humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 687:725 humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 687:725 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 3 45 theme light 635:639 arg1 microscopy 641:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 2 46 theme advanced 485:492 arg1 composites 494:503 advanced composites 485:503 advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils 485:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 2 47 theme cellulose 571:579 arg1 nanofibrils 581:591 cellulose nanofibrils 571:591 cellulose nanofibrils 571:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 5 48 theme 45 1174:1175 arg1 % 1176:1176 % 1176:1176 % 1176:1176 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 3 49 theme microscopy 641:650 arg1 combination 602:612 a combination 600:612 a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 600:725 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 2 50 from increase 410:417 arg1 length 422:427 length 422:427 length 422:427 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 0 51 theme Cellulosic 47:56 arg1 Fibers 58:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers 41:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 41:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 2 52 from structures 526:535 arg1 composites 494:503 advanced composites 485:503 advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils 485:591 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 0 53 theme Stiff 41:45 arg1 Fibers 58:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers 41:63 Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 41:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 4 54 theme dramatic 984:991 arg1 reorganization 993:1006 dramatic reorganization 984:1006 dramatic reorganization 984:1006 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 3 55 theme polarized 625:633 arg1 microscopy 641:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 in situ polarized light microscopy 617:650 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 6 56 theme cellulosic 1372:1381 arg1 composites 1383:1392 next-generation cellulosic composites 1356:1392 next-generation cellulosic composites 1356:1392 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 31314500 3 57 theme high-performance 821:836 arg1 fibers 838:843 high-performance fibers 821:843 high-performance fibers 821:843 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 3 58 theme X-ray 665:669 arg1 scattering 671:680 synchrotron X-ray scattering 653:680 synchrotron X-ray scattering 653:680 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 4 59 theme massive 870:876 arg1 transition 884:893 a massive phase transition 868:893 a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix 868:1062 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 1 60 theme mistletoe 127:135 arg1 berries 137:143 mistletoe berries 127:143 mistletoe berries 127:143 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 2 61 theme rapid 308:312 arg1 process 341:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 1 62 theme stiff 234:238 arg1 fibers 251:256 stiff cellulosic fibers 234:256 stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) 234:266 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 1 62 theme stiff 234:238 arg1 GPa 263:265 >14 GPa 259:265 >14 GPa 259:265 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 3 63 theme analysis 718:725 arg1 combination 602:612 a combination 600:612 a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 600:725 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 3 64 theme scattering 671:680 arg1 combination 602:612 a combination 600:612 a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis 600:725 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 2 65 theme transformation 326:339 arg1 process 341:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process 303:347 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 5 66 theme rapid 1151:1155 arg1 loss 1163:1166 rapid water loss 1151:1166 rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity 1151:1194 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 1 67 theme cellulosic 240:249 arg1 fibers 251:256 stiff cellulosic fibers 234:256 stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) 234:266 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 1 67 theme cellulosic 240:249 arg1 GPa 263:265 >14 GPa 259:265 >14 GPa 259:265 The mucilaginous viscin tissue within mistletoe berries possesses an extraordinary ability to be rapidly processed under ambient conditions into stiff cellulosic fibers (>14 GPa) through simple mechanical drawing. 31314500 5 68 theme water 1157:1161 arg1 loss 1163:1166 rapid water loss 1151:1166 rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity 1151:1194 Transition from an aligned, yet flowing state to a stiff fiber is likely triggered by rapid water loss below 45% relative humidity. 31314500 2 69 theme astonishing 388:398 arg1 increase 410:417 an astonishing >200-fold increase 385:417 an astonishing >200-fold increase in length 385:427 This rapid and extreme transformation process is hydration-dependent and involves an astonishing >200-fold increase in length, providing a relevant role model for efforts to produce advanced composites from cellulose-based structures such as cellulose nanocrystals or cellulose nanofibrils. 31314500 4 70 contain containing 927:936 arg1 microfibrils 914:925 cellulose microfibrils 904:925 cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 904:974 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 4 70 contain containing 927:936 arg2 domains 968:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains 938:974 Our findings indicate a massive phase transition in which cellulose microfibrils containing high-aspect-ratio crystalline domains undergo dramatic reorganization, facilitated by a water-responsive noncellulosic matrix. 31314500 3 71 theme synchrotron 653:663 arg1 scattering 671:680 synchrotron X-ray scattering 653:680 synchrotron X-ray scattering 653:680 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 0 72 theme Fibers 58:63 arg1 Process 30:36 the Rapid Assembly Process 11:36 the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 11:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 3 73 theme dynamic 748:754 arg1 transition 756:765 the dynamic transition 744:765 the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers 744:843 Using a combination of in situ polarized light microscopy, synchrotron X-ray scattering, and humidity-controlled mechanical analysis, we examine here the dynamic transition of a viscin cell bundle from hydrogel-like tissues to high-performance fibers. 31314500 0 74 theme Rapid 15:19 arg1 Process 30:36 the Rapid Assembly Process 11:36 the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries 11:86 Unraveling the Rapid Assembly Process of Stiff Cellulosic Fibers from Mistletoe Berries. 31314500 6 75 theme adaptive 1244:1251 arg1 success 1253:1259 the adaptive success 1240:1259 the adaptive success of mistletoe 1240:1272 These findings not only help understanding the adaptive success of mistletoe but may also be relevant for the development of new facile processing methods for next-generation cellulosic composites. 30728281 11 0 theme bacterial 2183:2191 arg1 structure 2203:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 3 1 theme acarbose 469:476 arg1 therapy 478:484 acarbose therapy 469:484 acarbose therapy 469:484 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 1 2 theme small 241:245 arg1 intestines 247:256 the small intestines 237:256 the small intestines 237:256 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 9 3 theme gut 1775:1777 arg1 community 1789:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 0 4 contain Has 36:38 arg1 Acarbose 27:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 0 4 contain Has 36:38 arg2 Effect 72:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect 40:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome 40:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 3 5 from polysaccharides 588:602 arg1 rich 574:577 rich 574:577 rich 574:577 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 3 6 theme gut 493:495 arg1 structure 507:515 the gut community structure 489:515 the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 489:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 8 7 theme treatment 1585:1593 arg1 result 1566:1571 a result 1564:1571 a result of acarbose treatment in both diets 1564:1607 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 12 8 theme short-chain 2349:2359 arg1 acids 2367:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 12 8 theme short-chain 2349:2359 arg1 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 6 9 theme Bacteroidales 1103:1115 arg1 S24-7 1117:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 13 10 theme bacterial 2498:2506 arg1 community 2508:2516 the intestinal bacterial community 2483:2516 the intestinal bacterial community 2483:2516 As we learn more about how human disease is affected by the intestinal bacterial community, the interplay between medications such as acarbose and the diet will become increasingly important to evaluate. 30728281 2 11 from starch 350:355 arg1 intestine 371:379 the distal intestine 360:379 the distal intestine 360:379 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 6 12 theme Bifidobacteriaceae 1000:1017 arg1 decrease 1025:1032 a decrease 1023:1032 a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7 1023:1121 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 6 12 theme Bifidobacteriaceae 1000:1017 arg1 expansion 964:972 an expansion 961:972 an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae 961:1017 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 11 13 theme type 2143:2146 arg1 diabetes 2150:2157 type 2 diabetes 2143:2157 type 2 diabetes 2143:2157 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 1 14 theme host 187:190 arg1 glucoamylases 192:204 host glucoamylases 187:204 host glucoamylases 187:204 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 9 15 theme host 1827:1830 arg1 physiology 1832:1841 host physiology 1827:1841 host physiology in both health and disease 1827:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 6 16 dep Verrucomicrobiaceae 1041:1059 arg1 such 1062:1065 such 1062:1065 such 1062:1065 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 8 17 dep Bifidobacteriaceae 1425:1442 arg1 increased 1529:1537 increased 1529:1537 were increased 1524:1537 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 8 18 theme acarbose 1325:1332 arg1 dose 1317:1320 The high dose 1308:1320 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet 1308:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 7 19 theme control 1221:1227 arg1 group 1229:1233 the control group 1217:1233 the control group 1217:1233 Once acarbose treatment ceased, the community composition quickly reverted to mirror that of the control group, suggesting that acarbose does not irreversibly alter the gut community. 30728281 4 20 theme low 654:656 arg1 dose 658:661 a low dose 652:661 a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) 652:682 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 20 theme low 654:656 arg1 25 ppm 676:681 25 ppm 676:681 25 ppm 676:681 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 21 from that 721:724 arg1 microbiota 620:629 The fecal microbiota 610:629 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) 610:682 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 21 from that 721:724 arg1 different 706:714 different 706:714 different 706:714 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 1 22 theme safe 123:126 arg1 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 1 22 theme safe 123:126 arg1 medication 142:151 a safe and effective medication 121:151 a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels 121:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 11 23 theme murine 2172:2177 arg1 structure 2203:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 4 24 theme fecal 614:618 arg1 microbiota 620:629 The fecal microbiota 610:629 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) 610:682 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 24 theme fecal 614:618 arg1 different 706:714 different 706:714 different 706:714 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 8 25 from dose 1317:1320 arg1 diet 1344:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 8 26 from diet 1344:1347 arg1 dose 1317:1320 The high dose 1308:1320 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet 1308:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 1 27 theme effective 132:140 arg1 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose 109:116 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 1 27 theme effective 132:140 arg1 medication 142:151 a safe and effective medication 121:151 a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels 121:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 13 28 theme intestinal 2487:2496 arg1 community 2508:2516 the intestinal bacterial community 2483:2516 the intestinal bacterial community 2483:2516 As we learn more about how human disease is affected by the intestinal bacterial community, the interplay between medications such as acarbose and the diet will become increasingly important to evaluate. 30728281 5 29 theme acarbose 800:807 arg1 400 ppm 810:816 400 ppm 810:816 400 ppm 810:816 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 5 29 theme acarbose 800:807 arg1 dose 792:795 a high dose 785:795 a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet 785:834 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 3 30 from structure 507:515 arg1 mice 520:523 mice 520:523 mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 520:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 0 31 theme Murine 86:91 arg1 Microbiome 97:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 12 32 dep backgrounds 2296:2306 arg1 both 2259:2262 both 2259:2262 both 2259:2262 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 12 32 dep backgrounds 2296:2306 arg1 diet 2291:2294 high-fiber diet 2280:2294 high-fiber diet 2280:2294 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 9 33 theme acarbose 1650:1657 arg1 potential 1637:1645 the potential 1633:1645 the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease 1633:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 34 theme distinct 1363:1370 arg1 structure 1382:1390 a distinct community structure 1361:1390 a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1361:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 6 35 from decrease 1025:1032 arg1 S24-7 1117:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 6 35 from decrease 1025:1032 arg1 Verrucomicrobiaceae 1041:1059 the Verrucomicrobiaceae 1037:1059 the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) 1037:1093 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 8 36 from acarbose 1325:1332 arg1 diet 1344:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 2 37 theme bacterial 416:424 arg1 community 426:434 the gut bacterial community 408:434 the gut bacterial community 408:434 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 12 38 theme stool 2412:2416 arg1 samples 2418:2424 stool samples 2412:2424 stool samples 2412:2424 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 2 39 theme distal 364:369 arg1 intestine 371:379 the distal intestine 360:379 the distal intestine 360:379 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 5 40 theme HS 828:829 arg1 diet 831:834 the HS diet 824:834 the HS diet 824:834 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 9 41 theme gut 1673:1675 arg1 structure 1687:1695 the gut community structure 1669:1695 the gut community structure 1669:1695 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 42 theme increased 1397:1405 arg1 representation 1407:1420 increased representation 1397:1420 increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1397:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 4 43 theme control 729:735 arg1 animals 737:743 control animals 729:743 control animals that did not receive acarbose 729:773 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 0 44 theme Inhibitor 17:25 arg1 Acarbose 27:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 1 45 theme postprandial 276:287 arg1 levels 303:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 9 46 from physiology 1832:1841 arg1 disease 1862:1868 disease 1862:1868 disease 1862:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 9 46 from physiology 1832:1841 arg1 health 1851:1856 health 1851:1856 health 1851:1856 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 47 from treatment 1585:1593 arg1 diets 1603:1607 both diets 1598:1607 both diets 1598:1607 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 1 48 theme glucose 295:301 arg1 levels 303:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 7 49 theme community 1160:1168 arg1 composition 1170:1180 the community composition 1156:1180 the community composition 1156:1180 Once acarbose treatment ceased, the community composition quickly reverted to mirror that of the control group, suggesting that acarbose does not irreversibly alter the gut community. 30728281 0 50 theme Reversible 61:70 arg1 Effect 72:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect 40:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome 40:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 6 51 from expansion 964:972 arg1 S24-7 1117:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 the Bacteroidales S24-7 1099:1121 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 6 51 from expansion 964:972 arg1 Verrucomicrobiaceae 1041:1059 the Verrucomicrobiaceae 1037:1059 the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) 1037:1093 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 0 52 theme Diet-Dependent 42:55 arg1 Effect 72:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect 40:77 a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome 40:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 13 53 theme human 2454:2458 arg1 disease 2460:2466 human disease 2454:2466 human disease 2454:2466 As we learn more about how human disease is affected by the intestinal bacterial community, the interplay between medications such as acarbose and the diet will become increasingly important to evaluate. 30728281 9 54 theme SCFA 1721:1724 arg1 output 1726:1731 beneficial SCFA output 1710:1731 beneficial SCFA output 1710:1731 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 55 theme Short-chain 1464:1474 arg1 SCFAs 1489:1493 SCFAs 1489:1493 SCFAs 1489:1493 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 8 55 theme Short-chain 1464:1474 arg1 acids 1482:1486 Short-chain fatty acids 1464:1486 Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples 1464:1522 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 6 56 dep Bacteroidaceae 981:994 arg1 the 977:979 the 977:979 the 977:979 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 3 57 theme therapy 478:484 arg1 effect 459:464 the effect 455:464 the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 455:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 9 58 theme diet-dependent 1738:1751 arg1 manner.IMPORTANCE 1753:1769 a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE 1736:1769 a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease 1736:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 9 59 contain has 1799:1801 arg2 influence 1814:1822 a profound influence 1803:1822 a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease 1803:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 9 59 contain has 1799:1801 arg1 community 1789:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 2 60 theme dietary 342:348 arg1 starch 350:355 dietary starch 342:355 dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community 342:434 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 6 61 theme acarbose 944:951 arg1 dose 936:939 a high dose 929:939 a high dose of acarbose 929:951 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 3 62 from rich 574:577 arg1 polysaccharides 588:602 plant polysaccharides 582:602 plant polysaccharides 582:602 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 3 63 theme community 497:505 arg1 structure 507:515 the gut community structure 489:515 the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 489:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 2 64 from increase 330:337 arg1 starch 350:355 dietary starch 342:355 dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community 342:434 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 9 65 theme microbial 1779:1787 arg1 community 1789:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 The gut microbial community 1771:1797 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 66 theme stool 1510:1514 arg1 samples 1516:1522 stool samples 1510:1522 stool samples 1510:1522 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 1 67 theme type 157:160 arg1 diabetes 164:171 type 2 diabetes 157:171 type 2 diabetes 157:171 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 7 68 theme gut 1293:1295 arg1 community 1297:1305 the gut community 1289:1305 the gut community 1289:1305 Once acarbose treatment ceased, the community composition quickly reverted to mirror that of the control group, suggesting that acarbose does not irreversibly alter the gut community. 30728281 12 69 theme fatty 2361:2365 arg1 acids 2367:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 12 69 theme fatty 2361:2365 arg1 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 8 70 theme acarbose 1576:1583 arg1 treatment 1585:1593 acarbose treatment 1576:1593 acarbose treatment in both diets 1576:1607 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 9 71 theme profound 1805:1812 arg1 influence 1814:1822 a profound influence 1803:1822 a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease 1803:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 3 72 from effect 459:464 arg1 structure 507:515 the gut community structure 489:515 the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 489:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 8 73 theme high 1312:1315 arg1 dose 1317:1320 The high dose 1308:1320 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet 1308:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 11 74 theme glucoamylase 2116:2127 arg1 inhibitor 2129:2137 a glucoamylase inhibitor 2114:2137 a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes 2114:2157 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 11 74 theme glucoamylase 2116:2127 arg1 acarbose 2104:2111 acarbose 2104:2111 acarbose 2104:2111 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 12 75 theme acarbose 2309:2316 arg1 treatment 2318:2326 acarbose treatment 2309:2326 acarbose treatment 2309:2326 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 10 76 theme disease 1940:1946 arg1 course 1930:1935 the course 1926:1935 the course of disease 1926:1946 In diabetic individuals, the gut microbiota can affect the course of disease, and some medications for diabetes, including metformin, seem to elicit some of their benefits via an interaction with the microbiota. 30728281 1 77 dep prevent 209:215 arg1 decrease 267:274 decrease 267:274 decrease postprandial blood glucose levels 267:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 9 78 from influence 1814:1822 arg1 physiology 1832:1841 host physiology 1827:1841 host physiology in both health and disease 1827:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 4 79 theme animals 634:640 arg1 microbiota 620:629 The fecal microbiota 610:629 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) 610:682 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 79 theme animals 634:640 arg1 different 706:714 different 706:714 different 706:714 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 12 80 theme increased 2339:2347 arg1 acids 2367:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 increased short-chain fatty acids 2339:2371 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 12 80 theme increased 2339:2347 arg1 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 butyrate 2387:2394 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 3 81 theme high-fiber 558:567 arg1 PP 605:606 PP 605:606 PP 605:606 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 3 81 theme high-fiber 558:567 arg1 diet 569:572 high-fiber diet 558:572 high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 558:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 8 82 theme PP 1341:1342 arg1 diet 1344:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 the PP diet 1337:1347 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 5 83 theme high 787:790 arg1 400 ppm 810:816 400 ppm 810:816 400 ppm 810:816 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 5 83 theme high 787:790 arg1 dose 792:795 a high dose 785:795 a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet 785:834 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 10 84 theme diabetic 1874:1881 arg1 individuals 1883:1893 diabetic individuals 1874:1893 diabetic individuals 1874:1893 In diabetic individuals, the gut microbiota can affect the course of disease, and some medications for diabetes, including metformin, seem to elicit some of their benefits via an interaction with the microbiota. 30728281 12 85 dep both 2259:2262 arg1 high-starch 2264:2274 high-starch 2264:2274 high-starch 2264:2274 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 0 86 theme Gut 93:95 arg1 Microbiome 97:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 8 87 theme community 1372:1380 arg1 structure 1382:1390 a distinct community structure 1361:1390 a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1361:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 5 88 with dose 792:795 arg1 diet 831:834 the HS diet 824:834 the HS diet 824:834 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 11 89 theme community 2193:2201 arg1 structure 2203:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 10 90 theme gut 1900:1902 arg1 microbiota 1904:1913 the gut microbiota 1896:1913 the gut microbiota 1896:1913 In diabetic individuals, the gut microbiota can affect the course of disease, and some medications for diabetes, including metformin, seem to elicit some of their benefits via an interaction with the microbiota. 30728281 5 91 theme substantial 850:860 arg1 change 862:867 a substantial change 848:867 a substantial change to the microbiota structure 848:895 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 11 92 theme diet-dependent 2233:2246 arg1 manner 2248:2253 a reversible and diet-dependent manner 2216:2253 a reversible and diet-dependent manner 2216:2253 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 0 93 theme Glucoamylase 4:15 arg1 Acarbose 27:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose 0:34 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 6 94 theme high 931:934 arg1 dose 936:939 a high dose 929:939 a high dose of acarbose 929:951 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 2 95 theme gut 412:414 arg1 community 426:434 the gut bacterial community 408:434 the gut bacterial community 408:434 This results in an increase in dietary starch in the distal intestine, where it becomes food for the gut bacterial community. 30728281 12 96 theme high-fiber 2280:2289 arg1 diet 2291:2294 high-fiber diet 2280:2294 high-fiber diet 2280:2294 In both high-starch and high-fiber diet backgrounds, acarbose treatment results in increased short-chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate, as measured in stool samples. 30728281 11 97 theme reversible 2218:2227 arg1 manner 2248:2253 a reversible and diet-dependent manner 2216:2253 a reversible and diet-dependent manner 2216:2253 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 30728281 9 98 dep manner.IMPORTANCE 1753:1769 arg1 has 1799:1801 has 1799:1801 has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease 1799:1868 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 9 99 theme community 1677:1685 arg1 structure 1687:1695 the gut community structure 1669:1695 the gut community structure 1669:1695 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 100 theme Bifidobacteriaceae 1425:1442 arg1 representation 1407:1420 increased representation 1397:1420 increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1397:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 3 101 theme plant 582:586 arg1 polysaccharides 588:602 plant polysaccharides 582:602 plant polysaccharides 582:602 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 4 102 theme acarbose 666:673 arg1 dose 658:661 a low dose 652:661 a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) 652:682 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 4 102 theme acarbose 666:673 arg1 25 ppm 676:681 25 ppm 676:681 25 ppm 676:681 The fecal microbiota of animals consuming a low dose of acarbose (25 ppm) was not significantly different from that of control animals that did not receive acarbose. 30728281 8 103 with structure 1382:1390 arg1 representation 1407:1420 increased representation 1397:1420 increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1397:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 1 104 theme blood 289:293 arg1 levels 303:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 postprandial blood glucose levels 276:308 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 6 105 theme HS 916:917 arg1 diet 919:922 the HS diet 912:922 the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose 912:951 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 8 106 theme Lachnospiraceae 1448:1462 arg1 representation 1407:1420 increased representation 1397:1420 increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate 1397:1558 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 3 107 theme rich 574:577 arg1 PP 605:606 PP 605:606 PP 605:606 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 3 107 theme rich 574:577 arg1 diet 569:572 high-fiber diet 558:572 high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP) 558:607 Here, we examined the effect of acarbose therapy on the gut community structure in mice fed either a high-starch (HS) or high-fiber diet rich in plant polysaccharides (PP). 30728281 10 108 with interaction 2050:2060 arg1 microbiota 2071:2080 the microbiota 2067:2080 the microbiota 2067:2080 In diabetic individuals, the gut microbiota can affect the course of disease, and some medications for diabetes, including metformin, seem to elicit some of their benefits via an interaction with the microbiota. 30728281 6 109 theme Bacteroidaceae 981:994 arg1 decrease 1025:1032 a decrease 1023:1032 a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7 1023:1121 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 6 109 theme Bacteroidaceae 981:994 arg1 expansion 964:972 an expansion 961:972 an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae 961:1017 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 9 110 theme beneficial 1710:1719 arg1 output 1726:1731 beneficial SCFA output 1710:1731 beneficial SCFA output 1710:1731 These data demonstrate the potential of acarbose to change the gut community structure and increase beneficial SCFA output in a diet-dependent manner.IMPORTANCE The gut microbial community has a profound influence on host physiology in both health and disease. 30728281 8 111 theme fatty 1476:1480 arg1 SCFAs 1489:1493 SCFAs 1489:1493 SCFAs 1489:1493 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 8 111 theme fatty 1476:1480 arg1 acids 1482:1486 Short-chain fatty acids 1464:1486 Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples 1464:1522 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 8 112 from result 1566:1571 arg1 diets 1603:1607 both diets 1598:1607 both diets 1598:1607 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 0 113 from Effect 72:77 arg1 Microbiome 97:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 the Murine Gut Microbiome 82:106 The Glucoamylase Inhibitor Acarbose Has a Diet-Dependent and Reversible Effect on the Murine Gut Microbiome. 30728281 7 114 theme acarbose 1129:1136 arg1 treatment 1138:1146 acarbose treatment 1129:1146 acarbose treatment 1129:1146 Once acarbose treatment ceased, the community composition quickly reverted to mirror that of the control group, suggesting that acarbose does not irreversibly alter the gut community. 30728281 8 115 from diets 1603:1607 arg1 result 1566:1571 a result 1564:1571 a result of acarbose treatment in both diets 1564:1607 The high dose of acarbose in the PP diet resulted in a distinct community structure with increased representation of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) measured from stool samples were increased, especially butyrate, as a result of acarbose treatment in both diets. 30728281 1 116 theme starch 217:222 arg1 digestion 224:232 starch digestion 217:232 starch digestion 217:232 Acarbose is a safe and effective medication for type 2 diabetes that inhibits host glucoamylases to prevent starch digestion in the small intestines and thus decrease postprandial blood glucose levels. 30728281 6 117 with diet 919:922 arg1 dose 936:939 a high dose 929:939 a high dose of acarbose 929:951 Most notably, the HS diet with a high dose of acarbose lead to an expansion of the Bacteroidaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae and a decrease in the Verrucomicrobiaceae (such as Akkermansia muciniphila) and the Bacteroidales S24-7. 30728281 5 118 theme microbiota 876:885 arg1 structure 887:895 the microbiota structure 872:895 the microbiota structure 872:895 However, a high dose of acarbose (400 ppm) with the HS diet resulted in a substantial change to the microbiota structure. 30728281 11 119 theme gut 2179:2181 arg1 structure 2203:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 the murine gut bacterial community structure 2168:2211 Here, we report that acarbose, a glucoamylase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes, changes the murine gut bacterial community structure in a reversible and diet-dependent manner. 31669942 7 0 theme glycosidic 1367:1376 arg1 chains 1378:1383 α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains 1357:1383 α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains 1357:1383 These results suggested that phenolics may complex with starch through non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains. 31669942 4 1 theme gelatinized 793:803 arg1 complexes 805:813 gelatinized complexes 793:813 gelatinized complexes 793:813 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 6 2 theme proton 1153:1158 arg1 intensities 1160:1170 phenolic proton intensities 1144:1170 phenolic proton intensities 1144:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 5 3 theme lower 1033:1037 arg1 temperatures 1054:1065 significantly lower gelatinization temperatures 1019:1065 significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05) 1019:1076 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 5 3 theme lower 1033:1037 arg1 p < 0.05 1068:1075 p < 0.05 1068:1075 p < 0.05 1068:1075 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 4 theme phenolic 1144:1151 arg1 intensities 1160:1170 phenolic proton intensities 1144:1170 phenolic proton intensities 1144:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 7 5 with complex 1299:1305 arg1 starch 1312:1317 starch 1312:1317 starch 1312:1317 These results suggested that phenolics may complex with starch through non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains. 31669942 0 6 theme hydrothermal 88:99 arg1 treatments 101:110 hydrothermal treatments 88:110 hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods 88:185 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 4 7 theme monosaccharide 664:677 arg1 compositions 679:690 monosaccharide compositions 664:690 monosaccharide compositions 664:690 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 0 8 theme hydrodynamic 121:132 arg1 radius 134:139 hydrodynamic radius 121:139 hydrodynamic radius 121:139 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 5 9 theme gelatinization 1039:1052 arg1 temperatures 1054:1065 significantly lower gelatinization temperatures 1019:1065 significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05) 1019:1076 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 5 9 theme gelatinization 1039:1052 arg1 p < 0.05 1068:1075 p < 0.05 1068:1075 p < 0.05 1068:1075 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 2 10 theme caffeic 479:485 arg1 acid 487:490 caffeic acid 479:490 caffeic acid 479:490 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 3 11 theme scanning 601:608 arg1 calorimeter 610:620 differential scanning calorimeter 588:620 differential scanning calorimeter 588:620 Starch hydrothermal stability and digestibility were measured by differential scanning calorimeter and Englyst's method, respectively. 31669942 4 12 theme proton 764:769 arg1 resonance 780:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 1 13 theme Leveraging 188:197 arg1 complexation 208:219 Leveraging phenolic complexation 188:219 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility 188:270 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 0 14 theme CH-π 48:51 arg1 interactions 53:64 physical CH-π interactions 39:64 physical CH-π interactions 39:64 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 1 15 theme phenolic 199:206 arg1 complexation 208:219 Leveraging phenolic complexation 188:219 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility 188:270 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 5 16 theme starch-phenolic 910:924 arg1 complexes 926:934 starch-phenolic complexes 910:934 starch-phenolic complexes 910:934 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 3 17 theme differential 588:599 arg1 calorimeter 610:620 differential scanning calorimeter 588:620 differential scanning calorimeter 588:620 Starch hydrothermal stability and digestibility were measured by differential scanning calorimeter and Englyst's method, respectively. 31669942 6 18 theme lower 1128:1132 arg1 levels 1134:1139 significantly lower levels 1114:1139 significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities 1114:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 4 19 theme light 840:844 arg1 scattering 846:855 dynamic light scattering 832:855 dynamic light scattering 832:855 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 2 20 theme potato 445:450 arg1 starch 452:457 potato starch 445:457 potato starch 445:457 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 0 21 theme Starch-phenolic 0:14 arg1 complexes 16:24 Starch-phenolic complexes 0:24 Starch-phenolic complexes 0:24 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 1 22 theme physicochemical 312:326 arg1 nature 328:333 their physicochemical nature 306:333 their physicochemical nature 306:333 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 4 23 theme dynamic 832:838 arg1 scattering 846:855 dynamic light scattering 832:855 dynamic light scattering 832:855 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 5 24 theme glycemic 998:1005 arg1 indexes 1007:1013 estimated glycemic indexes 988:1013 modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes 973:1013 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 2 25 theme ferulic 493:499 arg1 acid 501:504 ferulic acid 493:504 ferulic acid 493:504 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 1 26 theme nature 328:333 arg1 obscurity 293:301 the obscurity 289:301 the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis 289:353 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 6 27 theme control 1211:1217 arg1 mixtures 1235:1242 the control starch-phenolic mixtures 1207:1242 the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05) 1207:1253 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 27 theme control 1211:1217 arg1 p < 0.05 1245:1252 p < 0.05 1245:1252 p < 0.05 1245:1252 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 7 28 theme CH-π 1340:1343 arg1 bonds 1345:1349 non-covalent CH-π bonds 1327:1349 non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains 1327:1383 These results suggested that phenolics may complex with starch through non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains. 31669942 1 29 theme starch 233:238 arg1 functionality 240:252 starch functionality 233:252 starch functionality 233:252 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 0 30 theme physical 39:46 arg1 interactions 53:64 physical CH-π interactions 39:64 physical CH-π interactions 39:64 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 1 31 theme molecular 339:347 arg1 basis 349:353 molecular basis 339:353 molecular basis 339:353 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 1 32 dep complexation 208:219 arg1 optimize 224:231 optimize 224:231 to optimize starch functionality and digestibility 221:270 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 6 33 theme starch-phenolic 1219:1233 arg1 mixtures 1235:1242 the control starch-phenolic mixtures 1207:1242 the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05) 1207:1253 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 33 theme starch-phenolic 1219:1233 arg1 p < 0.05 1245:1252 p < 0.05 1245:1252 p < 0.05 1245:1252 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 5 34 theme native 893:898 arg1 starches 900:907 native starches 893:907 native starches 893:907 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 1 35 theme basis 349:353 arg1 obscurity 293:301 the obscurity 289:301 the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis 289:353 Leveraging phenolic complexation to optimize starch functionality and digestibility is restrained by the obscurity of their physicochemical nature and molecular basis. 31669942 5 36 theme estimated 988:996 arg1 indexes 1007:1013 estimated glycemic indexes 988:1013 modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes 973:1013 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 37 contain had 1110:1112 arg2 radii 1189:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 37 contain had 1110:1112 arg2 levels 1134:1139 significantly lower levels 1114:1139 significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities 1114:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 37 contain had 1110:1112 arg1 complexes 1095:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes 1079:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes 1079:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 38 theme relative 1195:1202 arg1 levels 1134:1139 significantly lower levels 1114:1139 significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities 1114:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 39 theme Starch-phenolic 1079:1093 arg1 complexes 1095:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes 1079:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes 1079:1103 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 0 40 theme starch-based 168:179 arg1 foods 181:185 model starch-based foods 162:185 model starch-based foods 162:185 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 2 41 theme hydrothermal 398:409 arg1 treatments 411:420 hydrothermal treatments 398:420 hydrothermal treatments 398:420 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 2 42 theme gallic 510:515 arg1 acid 517:520 gallic acid 510:520 gallic acid 510:520 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 0 43 theme model 162:166 arg1 foods 181:185 model starch-based foods 162:185 model starch-based foods 162:185 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 4 44 theme complexes 805:813 arg1 radius 753:758 hydrodynamic radius 740:758 hydrodynamic radius 740:758 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 4 44 theme complexes 805:813 arg1 resonance 780:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 7 45 theme non-covalent 1327:1338 arg1 bonds 1345:1349 non-covalent CH-π bonds 1327:1349 non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains 1327:1383 These results suggested that phenolics may complex with starch through non-covalent CH-π bonds along α-(1 → 4) glycosidic chains. 31669942 4 46 theme magnetic 771:778 arg1 resonance 780:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 proton magnetic resonance 764:788 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 3 47 theme hydrothermal 530:541 arg1 stability 543:551 Starch hydrothermal stability 523:551 Starch hydrothermal stability 523:551 Starch hydrothermal stability and digestibility were measured by differential scanning calorimeter and Englyst's method, respectively. 31669942 4 48 theme glycosidic 696:705 arg1 linkages 707:714 glycosidic linkages 696:714 glycosidic linkages 696:714 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 0 49 theme foods 181:185 arg1 digestibility 145:157 digestibility 145:157 digestibility 145:157 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 0 49 theme foods 181:185 arg1 radius 134:139 hydrodynamic radius 121:139 hydrodynamic radius 121:139 Starch-phenolic complexes are built on physical CH-π interactions and can persist after hydrothermal treatments altering hydrodynamic radius and digestibility of model starch-based foods. 31669942 2 50 theme starch-phenolic 366:380 arg1 complexes 382:390 starch-phenolic complexes 366:390 starch-phenolic complexes 366:390 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 3 51 theme Starch 523:528 arg1 stability 543:551 Starch hydrothermal stability 523:551 Starch hydrothermal stability 523:551 Starch hydrothermal stability and digestibility were measured by differential scanning calorimeter and Englyst's method, respectively. 31669942 6 52 theme hydrodynamic 1176:1187 arg1 radii 1189:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 4 53 theme hydrodynamic 740:751 arg1 radius 753:758 hydrodynamic radius 740:758 hydrodynamic radius 740:758 While monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages were analyzed by GC-MS, hydrodynamic radius and proton magnetic resonance of gelatinized complexes were measured by dynamic light scattering and NMR respectively. 31669942 5 54 theme lower 982:986 arg1 indexes 1007:1013 estimated glycemic indexes 988:1013 modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes 973:1013 Compared with native starches, starch-phenolic complexes were not chemically modified and had modestly lower estimated glycemic indexes and significantly lower gelatinization temperatures (p < 0.05). 31669942 2 55 theme maize 423:427 arg1 amylopectin 429:439 maize amylopectin 423:439 maize amylopectin 423:439 To define starch-phenolic complexes under hydrothermal treatments, maize amylopectin and potato starch were complexed with caffeic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. 31669942 6 56 theme intensities 1160:1170 arg1 levels 1134:1139 significantly lower levels 1114:1139 significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities 1114:1170 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 31669942 6 56 theme intensities 1160:1170 arg1 radii 1189:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 hydrodynamic radii 1176:1193 Starch-phenolic complexes also had significantly lower levels of phenolic proton intensities and hydrodynamic radii relative to the control starch-phenolic mixtures (p < 0.05). 30593806 12 0 from preparation 1370:1380 arg1 work 1398:1401 this work 1393:1401 this work 1393:1401 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 0 1 from characterization 15:30 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 10 2 theme optimal 1250:1256 arg1 % 1296:1296 64% 1294:1296 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min 1294:1345 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 10 2 theme optimal 1250:1256 arg1 concentration 1312:1324 acid concentration 1307:1324 acid concentration combined with 60 min 1307:1345 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 10 2 theme optimal 1250:1256 arg1 parameters 1258:1267 the optimal parameters 1246:1267 the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis 1246:1287 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 12 3 theme industrial 1448:1457 arg1 waste 1466:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 12 3 theme industrial 1448:1457 arg1 material 1487:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 0 4 theme cotton 84:89 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 12 5 theme CNCs 1385:1388 arg1 preparation 1370:1380 The preparation 1366:1380 The preparation of CNCs in this work 1366:1401 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 9 6 theme 200 °C. 1115:1121 arg1 analysis 1127:1134 200 °C. TEM analysis 1115:1134 200 °C. TEM analysis 1115:1134 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 12 7 theme advanced 1478:1485 arg1 waste 1466:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 12 7 theme advanced 1478:1485 arg1 material 1487:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 12 8 theme untraditional 1434:1446 arg1 waste 1466:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 12 8 theme untraditional 1434:1446 arg1 material 1487:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 0 9 from Obtainment 0:9 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 5 10 theme different 733:741 arg1 concentrations 757:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations 733:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) 733:798 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 9 11 theme TEM 1123:1125 arg1 analysis 1127:1134 200 °C. TEM analysis 1115:1134 200 °C. TEM analysis 1115:1134 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 3 12 theme compositions 474:485 arg1 analysis 487:494 chemical compositions analysis 465:494 chemical compositions analysis 465:494 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 0 13 theme acid 108:111 arg1 conditions 124:133 acid hydrolysis conditions 108:133 acid hydrolysis conditions 108:133 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 4 14 theme Scanning 648:655 arg1 Microscopy 666:675 Scanning Electron Microscopy 648:675 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 648:681 Fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 30593806 4 14 theme Scanning 648:655 arg1 SEM 678:680 SEM 678:680 SEM 678:680 Fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 30593806 3 15 from increase 513:520 arg1 percentage 535:544 cellulose percentage 525:544 cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments 525:579 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 9 16 theme good 1026:1029 arg1 index 1045:1049 a good crystallinity index 1024:1049 a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C 1024:1109 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 5 17 theme sulfuric 743:750 arg1 concentrations 757:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations 733:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) 733:798 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 9 18 theme sulfuric 1148:1155 arg1 concentration 1162:1174 sulfuric acid concentration 1148:1174 sulfuric acid concentration 1148:1174 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 3 19 theme cellulose 525:533 arg1 percentage 535:544 cellulose percentage 525:544 cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments 525:579 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 9 20 theme crystallinity 1031:1043 arg1 index 1045:1049 a good crystallinity index 1024:1049 a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C 1024:1109 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 4 21 theme Electron 657:664 arg1 Microscopy 666:675 Scanning Electron Microscopy 648:675 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 648:681 Fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 30593806 4 21 theme Electron 657:664 arg1 SEM 678:680 SEM 678:680 SEM 678:680 Fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 30593806 5 22 theme acid 752:755 arg1 concentrations 757:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations 733:770 different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) 733:798 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 9 23 dep % 1072:1072 arg1 to 1067:1068 to 1067:1068 to 1067:1068 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 1 24 theme promising 173:181 arg1 application 183:193 a promising application 171:193 a promising application 171:193 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 3 25 with percentage 535:544 arg1 progression 555:565 the progression 551:565 the progression of treatments 551:579 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 3 26 theme treatments 570:579 arg1 progression 555:565 the progression 551:565 the progression of treatments 551:579 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 8 27 theme Electron 973:980 arg1 TEM 994:996 TEM 994:996 TEM 994:996 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 8 27 theme Electron 973:980 arg1 Microscopy 982:991 Transmission Electron Microscopy 960:991 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) 960:997 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 0 28 theme conditions 124:133 arg1 Effect 98:103 Effect 98:103 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 0:134 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 8 29 theme zeta 940:943 arg1 potential 945:953 zeta potential 940:953 zeta potential 940:953 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 2 30 theme cotton 298:303 arg1 waste 305:309 industrial cotton waste 287:309 industrial cotton waste 287:309 In this research, industrial cotton waste was treated using alkali and bleaching to eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, and other amorphous contents. 30593806 10 31 theme concentration 1312:1324 arg1 % 1296:1296 64% 1294:1296 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min 1294:1345 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 10 31 theme concentration 1312:1324 arg1 concentration 1312:1324 acid concentration 1307:1324 acid concentration combined with 60 min 1307:1345 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 10 31 theme concentration 1312:1324 arg1 parameters 1258:1267 the optimal parameters 1246:1267 the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis 1246:1287 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 10 31 theme concentration 1312:1324 arg1 w/w 1299:1301 w/w 1299:1301 w/w 1299:1301 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 9 32 theme acid 1157:1160 arg1 concentration 1162:1174 sulfuric acid concentration 1148:1174 sulfuric acid concentration 1148:1174 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 0 33 theme hydrolysis 113:122 arg1 conditions 124:133 acid hydrolysis conditions 108:133 acid hydrolysis conditions 108:133 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 0 34 from waste 91:95 arg1 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 0 34 from waste 91:95 arg1 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 0 34 from waste 91:95 arg1 nanocellulose 35:47 nanocellulose 35:47 nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 35:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 2 35 theme industrial 287:296 arg1 waste 305:309 industrial cotton waste 287:309 industrial cotton waste 287:309 In this research, industrial cotton waste was treated using alkali and bleaching to eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, and other amorphous contents. 30593806 1 36 theme many 198:201 arg1 hydrogels 258:266 hydrogels 258:266 hydrogels 258:266 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 36 theme many 198:201 arg1 applications 241:252 biomedical applications 230:252 biomedical applications 230:252 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 36 theme many 198:201 arg1 products 212:219 many advanced products 198:219 many advanced products 198:219 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 12 37 from CNCs 1385:1388 arg1 work 1398:1401 this work 1393:1401 this work 1393:1401 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 1 38 theme advanced 203:210 arg1 hydrogels 258:266 hydrogels 258:266 hydrogels 258:266 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 38 theme advanced 203:210 arg1 applications 241:252 biomedical applications 230:252 biomedical applications 230:252 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 38 theme advanced 203:210 arg1 products 212:219 many advanced products 198:219 many advanced products 198:219 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 2 39 theme amorphous 396:404 arg1 contents 406:413 other amorphous contents 390:413 other amorphous contents 390:413 In this research, industrial cotton waste was treated using alkali and bleaching to eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, and other amorphous contents. 30593806 0 40 theme nanocellulose 35:47 arg1 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 0 40 theme nanocellulose 35:47 arg1 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment 0:9 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 5 41 theme acid 711:714 arg1 hydrolysis 716:725 acid hydrolysis 711:725 acid hydrolysis 711:725 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 9 42 theme CNCs 1190:1193 arg1 105 nm-5880 nm 1203:1216 105 nm-5880 nm 1203:1216 105 nm-5880 nm 1203:1216 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 9 42 theme CNCs 1190:1193 arg1 length 1195:1200 CNCs length 1190:1200 CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm) 1190:1217 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 2 43 theme other 390:394 arg1 contents 406:413 other amorphous contents 390:413 other amorphous contents 390:413 In this research, industrial cotton waste was treated using alkali and bleaching to eliminate hemicellulose, lignin, and other amorphous contents. 30593806 0 44 theme unwoven 57:63 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 12 45 from work 1398:1401 arg1 preparation 1370:1380 The preparation 1366:1380 The preparation of CNCs in this work 1366:1401 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 1 46 contain have 166:169 arg1 CNCs 160:163 CNCs 160:163 CNCs 160:163 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 46 contain have 166:169 arg2 application 183:193 a promising application 171:193 a promising application 171:193 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 46 contain have 166:169 arg1 nanocrystals 146:157 Cellulose nanocrystals 136:157 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 136:164 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 5 47 dep concentrations 757:770 arg1 % 778:778 50 wt% 773:778 50 wt% 773:778 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 5 47 dep concentrations 757:770 arg1 % 786:786 60 wt% 781:786 60 wt% 781:786 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 5 47 dep concentrations 757:770 arg1 % 797:797 64 wt% 792:797 64 wt% 792:797 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 10 48 theme acid 1307:1310 arg1 concentration 1312:1324 acid concentration 1307:1324 acid concentration combined with 60 min 1307:1345 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 11 49 theme reaction 1351:1358 arg1 time 1360:1363 reaction time 1351:1363 reaction time 1351:1363 of reaction time. 30593806 10 50 theme acid 1273:1276 arg1 hydrolysis 1278:1287 acid hydrolysis 1273:1287 acid hydrolysis 1273:1287 By analyzing all results, the optimal parameters for acid hydrolysis were 64% (w/w) of acid concentration combined with 60 min. 30593806 7 51 theme CNCs 862:865 arg1 suspensions 867:877 six CNCs suspensions 858:877 six CNCs suspensions 858:877 resulting in six CNCs suspensions. 30593806 8 52 theme Transmission 960:971 arg1 TEM 994:996 TEM 994:996 TEM 994:996 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 8 52 theme Transmission 960:971 arg1 Microscopy 982:991 Transmission Electron Microscopy 960:991 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) 960:997 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 5 53 dep reactions 808:816 arg1 60 min 824:829 time (60 min 818:829 two reactions time (60 min 804:829 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 9 54 theme thermal 1078:1084 arg1 stability 1086:1094 thermal stability 1078:1094 thermal stability 1078:1094 CNCs obtained exhibited a good crystallinity index varying from 75 to 81% and thermal stability between 146 °C and 200 °C. TEM analysis showed that sulfuric acid concentration influenced in CNCs length (105 nm-5880 nm). 30593806 3 55 theme chemical 465:472 arg1 analysis 487:494 chemical compositions analysis 465:494 chemical compositions analysis 465:494 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 4 56 theme X-ray 606:610 arg1 diffraction 612:622 X-ray diffraction 606:622 X-ray diffraction 606:622 Fibers were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 30593806 8 57 theme X-ray 902:906 arg1 diffraction 908:918 X-ray diffraction 902:918 X-ray diffraction 902:918 CNCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, zeta potential, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). 30593806 1 58 theme Cellulose 136:144 arg1 CNCs 160:163 CNCs 160:163 CNCs 160:163 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 1 58 theme Cellulose 136:144 arg1 nanocrystals 146:157 Cellulose nanocrystals 136:157 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 136:164 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30593806 0 59 theme textile 76:82 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 5 60 theme time 818:821 arg1 60 min 824:829 time (60 min 818:829 two reactions time (60 min 804:829 CNCs were then prepared by acid hydrolysis using different sulfuric acid concentrations (50 wt%, 60 wt% and 64 wt%) and two reactions time (60 min. 30593806 3 61 theme treatments 440:449 arg1 efficiency 420:429 The efficiency 416:429 The efficiency of these treatments 416:449 The efficiency of these treatments was proven by chemical compositions analysis, which showed an increase in cellulose percentage with the progression of treatments. 30593806 12 62 theme cotton 1459:1464 arg1 waste 1466:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 untraditional industrial cotton waste 1434:1470 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 12 62 theme cotton 1459:1464 arg1 material 1487:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 an advanced material 1475:1494 The preparation of CNCs in this work showed some prospects of using untraditional industrial cotton waste as an advanced material. 30593806 0 63 theme industrial 65:74 arg1 waste 91:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste 54:95 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 0 64 dep Obtainment 0:9 arg1 Effect 98:103 Effect 98:103 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 0:134 Obtainment and characterization of nanocellulose from an unwoven industrial textile cotton waste: Effect of acid hydrolysis conditions. 30593806 1 65 theme biomedical 230:239 arg1 applications 241:252 biomedical applications 230:252 biomedical applications 230:252 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have a promising application in many advanced products, such as biomedical applications and hydrogels. 30004390 5 0 theme microscopy 672:681 arg1 studies 754:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 10 1 theme cell 1453:1456 arg1 adhesion 1458:1465 cell adhesion 1453:1465 cell adhesion 1453:1465 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 2 theme number 1431:1436 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 2 theme number 1431:1436 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 1 3 theme microparticles 162:175 arg1 production 148:157 scale-up production 139:157 scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles 139:193 Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. 30004390 6 4 theme video 905:909 arg1 images 911:916 video images 905:916 video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images 905:950 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 4 5 from amount 505:510 arg1 blend 520:524 each blend 515:524 each blend 515:524 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 5 6 theme scanning 684:691 arg1 microscopy 702:711 scanning electron microscopy 684:711 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 684:717 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 5 6 theme scanning 684:691 arg1 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 7 7 theme homogenous 1026:1035 arg1 surface 1037:1043 The most homogenous surface 1017:1043 The most homogenous surface 1017:1043 The most homogenous surface was obtained by CPH3. 30004390 4 8 theme different 582:590 arg1 ratios 605:610 different chitosan/PEG ratios 582:610 different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process 582:635 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 6 9 contain have 977:980 arg1 surfaces 968:975 all surfaces 964:975 all surfaces 964:975 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 6 9 contain have 977:980 arg2 heterogeneity 990:1002 similar heterogeneity 982:1002 similar heterogeneity 982:1002 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 5 10 theme distributed 852:862 arg1 micro- 864:869 heterogeneously distributed micro- 836:869 heterogeneously distributed micro- 836:869 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 11 11 theme h 1526:1526 arg1 tests 1538:1542 72 h viability tests 1523:1542 72 h viability tests 1523:1542 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 4 12 theme HA 502:503 arg1 same 539:542 same 539:542 same 539:542 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 4 12 theme HA 502:503 arg1 amount 505:510 The HA amount 498:510 The HA amount in each blend 498:524 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 5 13 theme Fourier-transform 638:654 arg1 microscopy 672:681 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy 638:681 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy 638:681 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 3 14 theme % 466:466 arg1 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 14 theme % 466:466 arg1 solution 480:487 2% acetic acid solution 465:487 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 465:495 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 9 15 theme patches 1298:1304 arg1 property 1286:1293 no antibacterial property 1269:1293 no antibacterial property of patches coated with microparticles 1269:1331 Extraordinarily there was no antibacterial property of patches coated with microparticles. 30004390 4 16 theme chitosan/PEG 592:603 arg1 ratios 605:610 different chitosan/PEG ratios 582:610 different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process 582:635 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 1 17 theme scale-up 139:146 arg1 production 148:157 scale-up production 139:157 scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles 139:193 Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. 30004390 8 18 theme disc 1200:1203 arg1 assay 1215:1219 disc diffusion assay 1200:1219 disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1200:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 8 18 theme disc 1200:1203 arg1 method 1234:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 10 19 theme L929 1409:1412 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 19 theme L929 1409:1412 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 6 20 theme images 945:950 arg1 images 911:916 video images 905:916 video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images 905:950 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 8 21 theme positive 1158:1165 arg1 bacteria 1185:1192 gram positive and gram negative bacteria 1153:1192 gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1153:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 1 22 theme nanoparticles 181:193 arg1 production 148:157 scale-up production 139:157 scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles 139:193 Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. 30004390 10 23 theme proliferation 1471:1483 arg1 properties 1485:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties 1453:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches 1453:1509 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 11 24 theme ternary 1571:1577 arg1 blends 1579:1584 ternary blends 1571:1584 ternary blends 1571:1584 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 0 25 theme /hyaluronic 30:40 arg1 patches 61:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 10 26 theme cell 1414:1417 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 26 theme cell 1414:1417 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 6 27 theme similar 982:988 arg1 heterogeneity 990:1002 similar heterogeneity 982:1002 similar heterogeneity 982:1002 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 3 28 theme compositions 395:406 arg1 ratios 371:376 Four different ratios 356:376 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions 356:406 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 11 29 theme blends 1579:1584 arg1 electrospray 1555:1566 the electrospray 1551:1566 the electrospray of ternary blends 1551:1584 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 10 30 theme mouse 1392:1396 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 30 theme mouse 1392:1396 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 4 31 theme optimum 561:567 arg1 surface 569:575 the optimum surface 557:575 the optimum surface 557:575 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 0 32 theme Chitosan/poly 0:12 arg1 patches 61:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 4 33 theme electrospray 616:627 arg1 process 629:635 electrospray process 616:635 electrospray process 616:635 The HA amount in each blend was kept the same to designate the optimum surface with different chitosan/PEG ratios for electrospray process. 30004390 2 34 used used 231:234 arg2 electrospraying 211:225 electrospraying 211:225 electrospraying 211:225 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 3 35 theme polymer 381:387 arg1 compositions 395:406 polymer blend compositions 381:406 polymer blend compositions 381:406 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 8 36 theme antibacterial 1102:1114 arg1 tests 1116:1120 antibacterial tests 1102:1120 antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1102:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 10 37 theme ATTC 1426:1429 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 37 theme ATTC 1426:1429 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 3 38 dep tested 441:446 arg1 CPH1 409:412 CPH1 409:412 CPH1 409:412 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 38 dep tested 441:446 arg1 CPH4 430:433 CPH4 430:433 CPH4 430:433 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 38 dep tested 441:446 arg1 CPH3 421:424 CPH3 421:424 CPH3 421:424 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 38 dep tested 441:446 arg1 CPH2 415:418 CPH2 415:418 CPH2 415:418 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 5 39 theme atomic 724:729 arg1 microscopy 737:746 atomic force microscopy 724:746 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 724:752 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 5 39 theme atomic 724:729 arg1 AFM 749:751 AFM 749:751 AFM 749:751 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 0 40 theme ethylene 14:21 arg1 Chitosan/poly 0:12 Chitosan/poly 0:12 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 0 40 theme ethylene 14:21 arg1 glycol 23:28 ethylene glycol 14:28 ethylene glycol 14:28 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 3 41 theme acid 475:478 arg1 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 41 theme acid 475:478 arg1 solution 480:487 2% acetic acid solution 465:487 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 465:495 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 5 42 theme force 731:735 arg1 microscopy 737:746 atomic force microscopy 724:746 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 724:752 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 5 42 theme force 731:735 arg1 AFM 749:751 AFM 749:751 AFM 749:751 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 3 43 theme different 361:369 arg1 ratios 371:376 Four different ratios 356:376 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions 356:406 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 6 44 theme AFM 941:943 arg1 images 945:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 11 45 contain had 1643:1645 arg2 viability 1664:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 11 45 contain had 1643:1645 arg1 CPH3 1638:1641 CPH3 1638:1641 CPH3 1638:1641 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 5 46 theme microscopy 737:746 arg1 studies 754:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 3 47 theme blend 389:393 arg1 compositions 395:406 polymer blend compositions 381:406 polymer blend compositions 381:406 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 5 48 theme electron 693:700 arg1 microscopy 702:711 scanning electron microscopy 684:711 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 684:717 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 5 48 theme electron 693:700 arg1 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 8 49 theme bacteria 1185:1192 arg1 types 1144:1148 ten different types 1130:1148 ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1130:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 8 50 theme diffusion 1205:1213 arg1 assay 1215:1219 disc diffusion assay 1200:1219 disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1200:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 8 50 theme diffusion 1205:1213 arg1 method 1234:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 0 51 theme biocompatible 47:59 arg1 patches 61:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 9 52 theme antibacterial 1272:1284 arg1 property 1286:1293 no antibacterial property 1269:1293 no antibacterial property of patches coated with microparticles 1269:1331 Extraordinarily there was no antibacterial property of patches coated with microparticles. 30004390 5 53 dep infrared 656:663 arg1 FTIR 666:669 FTIR 666:669 FTIR 666:669 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 10 54 theme adhesion 1458:1465 arg1 properties 1485:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties 1453:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches 1453:1509 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 1 55 theme promising 116:124 arg1 Electrospray 98:109 Electrospray 98:109 Electrospray 98:109 Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. 30004390 1 55 theme promising 116:124 arg1 technique 126:134 a promising technique 114:134 a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles 114:193 Electrospray is a promising technique to scale-up production of microparticles and nanoparticles. 30004390 0 56 theme acid 42:45 arg1 patches 61:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches 0:67 Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)/hyaluronic acid biocompatible patches obtained by electrospraying. 30004390 10 57 theme fibroblast 1398:1407 arg1 CCL-1 1438:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 ATTC number CCL-1 1426:1442 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 10 57 theme fibroblast 1398:1407 arg1 lines 1419:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines 1392:1423 mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) 1392:1443 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 5 58 theme adhesive 802:809 arg1 surfaces 811:818 highly adhesive surfaces 795:818 highly adhesive surfaces 795:818 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 11 59 theme tests 1538:1542 arg1 Results 1512:1518 Results 1512:1518 Results of 72 h viability tests 1512:1542 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 11 60 theme good 1600:1603 arg1 biocompatibility 1605:1620 good biocompatibility 1600:1620 good biocompatibility 1600:1620 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 10 61 theme biocompatibility 1343:1358 arg1 studies 1360:1366 biocompatibility studies 1343:1366 biocompatibility studies 1343:1366 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 3 62 theme acetic 468:473 arg1 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Ac.A. 490:494 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 3 62 theme acetic 468:473 arg1 solution 480:487 2% acetic acid solution 465:487 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 465:495 Four different ratios of polymer blend compositions (CPH1, CPH2, CPH3 and CPH4) were tested by dissolving in 2% acetic acid solution (Ac.A.) 30004390 6 63 theme microscopy 926:935 arg1 images 945:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 5 64 dep Fourier-transform 638:654 arg1 infrared 656:663 infrared 656:663 infrared 656:663 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 8 65 theme Kirby-Bauer 1222:1232 arg1 assay 1215:1219 disc diffusion assay 1200:1219 disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1200:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 8 65 theme Kirby-Bauer 1222:1232 arg1 method 1234:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Kirby-Bauer method 1222:1239 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 5 66 contain had 791:793 arg1 patches 783:789 obtained patches 774:789 obtained patches 774:789 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 5 66 contain had 791:793 arg2 surfaces 811:818 highly adhesive surfaces 795:818 highly adhesive surfaces 795:818 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 2 67 theme ethylene 307:314 arg1 poly 302:305 poly 302:305 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 302:328 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 2 67 theme ethylene 307:314 arg1 glycol 316:321 ethylene glycol 307:321 ethylene glycol 307:321 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 8 68 theme different 1134:1142 arg1 types 1144:1148 ten different types 1130:1148 ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1130:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 6 69 theme FTIR 921:924 arg1 images 945:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 FTIR microscopy and AFM images 921:950 Additionally, video images of FTIR microscopy and AFM images proved that all surfaces have similar heterogeneity except CPH2. 30004390 8 70 theme negative 1176:1183 arg1 bacteria 1185:1192 gram positive and gram negative bacteria 1153:1192 gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method) 1153:1240 Patches were directly subjected to antibacterial tests against ten different types of gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion assay (Kirby-Bauer method). 30004390 2 71 theme candidate 256:264 arg1 CPH 278:280 CPH 278:280 CPH 278:280 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 2 71 theme candidate 256:264 arg1 biopatches 266:275 candidate biopatches 256:275 candidate biopatches (CPH) 256:281 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 11 72 theme viability 1528:1536 arg1 tests 1538:1542 72 h viability tests 1523:1542 72 h viability tests 1523:1542 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 2 73 theme hyaluronic 334:343 arg1 HA 351:352 HA 351:352 HA 351:352 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 2 73 theme hyaluronic 334:343 arg1 acid 345:348 hyaluronic acid 334:348 hyaluronic acid (HA) 334:353 In this study, electrospraying was used in order to produce candidate biopatches (CPH) by using chitosan, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). 30004390 11 74 theme cell 1659:1662 arg1 viability 1664:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 5 75 theme microscopy 702:711 arg1 studies 754:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies 638:760 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 10 76 theme patches 1503:1509 arg1 properties 1485:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties 1453:1494 cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches 1453:1509 Finally, biocompatibility studies were performed by using mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines (ATTC number CCL-1) to test cell adhesion and proliferation properties of the patches. 30004390 11 77 theme 72 1523:1524 arg1 h 1526:1526 h 1526:1526 h 1526:1526 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 30004390 5 78 theme obtained 774:781 arg1 patches 783:789 obtained patches 774:789 obtained patches 774:789 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed that obtained patches had highly adhesive surfaces with the aid of heterogeneously distributed micro- and nano-particles. 30004390 11 79 theme highest 1651:1657 arg1 viability 1664:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 the highest cell viability 1647:1672 Results of 72 h viability tests proved the electrospray of ternary blends had displayed good biocompatibility; in particular, CPH3 had the highest cell viability. 29684450 0 0 theme aqueous 59:65 arg1 solutions 67:75 aqueous solutions 59:75 aqueous solutions 59:75 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 3 1 from concentration 612:624 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 2 theme binary 681:686 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 3 theme Cu2+ 341:344 arg1 adsorption 327:336 The simultaneous adsorption 310:336 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems 310:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 4 theme contact 627:633 arg1 time 635:638 contact time 627:638 contact time 627:638 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 6 5 theme adsorption 1171:1180 arg1 process 1182:1188 the adsorption process 1167:1188 the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF 1167:1203 The pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF. 29684450 6 6 theme Cu2+ 1193:1196 arg1 process 1182:1188 the adsorption process 1167:1188 the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF 1167:1203 The pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF. 29684450 4 7 theme binary 853:858 arg1 systems 860:866 binary systems 853:866 binary systems 853:866 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 5 8 theme Langmuir 1035:1042 arg1 model 1053:1057 the Langmuir isotherm model 1031:1057 the Langmuir isotherm model 1031:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 7 9 theme adsorption 1303:1312 arg1 process 1314:1320 the adsorption process 1299:1320 the adsorption process of AF 1299:1326 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 7 9 theme adsorption 1303:1312 arg1 exothermic 1332:1341 exothermic 1332:1341 exothermic 1332:1341 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 4 10 theme AF 797:798 arg1 presence 785:792 the presence 781:792 the presence of AF 781:798 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 5 11 theme adsorption 873:882 arg1 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 11 theme adsorption 873:882 arg1 data 884:887 The adsorption data 869:887 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF 869:902 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 dosage 565:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 time 635:638 contact time 627:638 contact time 627:638 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 bentonite 544:552 bentonite 544:552 bentonite 544:552 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 value 584:588 initial pH value 573:588 initial pH value 573:588 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 concentration 612:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 12 theme components 667:676 arg1 interaction 648:658 the interaction 644:658 the interaction of two components in binary solutions 644:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 7 13 theme Thermodynamic 1206:1218 arg1 values 1229:1234 Thermodynamic constant values 1206:1234 Thermodynamic constant values 1206:1234 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 7 14 theme AF 1325:1326 arg1 process 1314:1320 the adsorption process 1299:1320 the adsorption process of AF 1299:1326 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 7 14 theme AF 1325:1326 arg1 exothermic 1332:1341 exothermic 1332:1341 exothermic 1332:1341 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 0 15 theme CMC/bentonite 80:92 arg1 composite 94:102 CMC/bentonite composite 80:102 CMC/bentonite composite 80:102 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 5 16 theme composite 1007:1015 arg1 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF 1064:1103 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 16 theme composite 1007:1015 arg1 capacities 979:988 the maximum adsorption capacities 956:988 the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model 956:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 4 17 theme AF 771:772 arg1 adsorption 757:766 the adsorption 753:766 the adsorption of AF 753:772 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 3 18 from value 584:588 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 19 theme single 420:425 arg1 systems 437:443 single or binary systems 420:443 single or binary systems 420:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 2 20 from systems 437:443 arg1 composite 391:399 CMC/bentonite composite 377:399 CMC/bentonite composite 377:399 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 2 20 from systems 437:443 arg1 adsorbent 407:415 adsorbent 407:415 adsorbent 407:415 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 dosage 565:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 time 635:638 contact time 627:638 contact time 627:638 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 bentonite 544:552 bentonite 544:552 bentonite 544:552 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 value 584:588 initial pH value 573:588 initial pH value 573:588 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 concentration 612:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 21 from solutions 688:696 arg1 interaction 648:658 the interaction 644:658 the interaction of two components in binary solutions 644:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 5 22 theme AF 901:902 arg1 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 22 theme AF 901:902 arg1 data 884:887 The adsorption data 869:887 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF 869:902 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 23 theme CMC/bentonite 993:1005 arg1 composite 1007:1015 CMC/bentonite composite 993:1015 CMC/bentonite composite 993:1015 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 7 24 theme constant 1220:1227 arg1 values 1229:1234 Thermodynamic constant values 1206:1234 Thermodynamic constant values 1206:1234 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 0 25 theme Simultaneous 0:11 arg1 adsorption 13:22 Simultaneous adsorption 0:22 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ 0:30 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 26 from solutions 67:75 arg1 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 26 from solutions 67:75 arg1 fuchsin 41:47 Acid fuchsin 36:47 Acid fuchsin (AF) 36:52 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 26 from solutions 67:75 arg1 adsorption 13:22 Simultaneous adsorption 0:22 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ 0:30 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 2 27 theme fuchsin 355:361 arg1 adsorption 327:336 The simultaneous adsorption 310:336 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems 310:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 0 28 theme Cu2+ 27:30 arg1 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 28 theme Cu2+ 27:30 arg1 fuchsin 41:47 Acid fuchsin 36:47 Acid fuchsin (AF) 36:52 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 28 theme Cu2+ 27:30 arg1 adsorption 13:22 Simultaneous adsorption 0:22 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ 0:30 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 4 29 theme Cu2+ 739:742 arg1 presence 727:734 the presence 723:734 the presence of Cu2+ 723:742 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 5 30 theme Langmuir 927:934 arg1 model 945:949 Langmuir isotherm model 927:949 Langmuir isotherm model 927:949 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 3 31 from components 667:676 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 1 32 theme X-ray 274:278 arg1 XRD 293:295 XRD 293:295 XRD 293:295 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 1 32 theme X-ray 274:278 arg1 diffraction 280:290 X-ray diffraction 274:290 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 274:296 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 5 33 from 298 K 1108:1112 arg1 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF 1064:1103 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 33 from 298 K 1108:1112 arg1 capacities 979:988 the maximum adsorption capacities 956:988 the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model 956:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 1 34 dep Fourier 223:229 arg1 transform 231:239 transform 231:239 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques 231:307 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 3 35 theme CMC 537:539 arg1 ratio 528:532 the ratio 524:532 the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions 524:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 3 36 from dosage 565:570 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 1 37 theme membrane-forming 184:199 arg1 method 174:179 the method 170:179 the method of membrane-forming 170:199 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 0 38 theme Acid 36:39 arg1 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 AF 50:51 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 0 38 theme Acid 36:39 arg1 fuchsin 41:47 Acid fuchsin 36:47 Acid fuchsin (AF) 36:52 Simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) from aqueous solutions by CMC/bentonite composite. 29684450 3 39 theme adsorption 467:476 arg1 study 478:482 The adsorption study 463:482 The adsorption study 463:482 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 4 40 theme Cu2+ 845:848 arg1 adsorption 831:840 the adsorption 827:840 the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems 827:866 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 1 41 dep transform 231:239 arg1 infrared 241:248 infrared 241:248 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques 231:307 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 3 42 from interaction 648:658 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 43 theme CMC/bentonite 377:389 arg1 composite 391:399 CMC/bentonite composite 377:399 CMC/bentonite composite 377:399 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 2 43 theme CMC/bentonite 377:389 arg1 adsorbent 407:415 adsorbent 407:415 adsorbent 407:415 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 44 from time 635:638 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 5 45 theme isotherm 1044:1051 arg1 model 1053:1057 the Langmuir isotherm model 1031:1057 the Langmuir isotherm model 1031:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 3 46 theme initial 591:597 arg1 concentration 612:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 6 47 theme pseudo-second-order 1119:1137 arg1 model 1139:1143 The pseudo-second-order model 1115:1143 The pseudo-second-order model 1115:1143 The pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF. 29684450 2 48 theme binary 430:435 arg1 systems 437:443 single or binary systems 420:443 single or binary systems 420:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 49 theme Cu2+ 599:602 arg1 concentration 612:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration 591:624 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 5 50 theme isotherm 936:943 arg1 model 945:949 Langmuir isotherm model 927:949 Langmuir isotherm model 927:949 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 3 51 theme adsorbent 555:563 arg1 dosage 565:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 adsorbent dosage 555:570 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 52 theme simultaneous 314:325 arg1 adsorption 327:336 The simultaneous adsorption 310:336 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems 310:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 4 53 from adsorption 831:840 arg1 systems 860:866 binary systems 853:866 binary systems 853:866 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 6 54 theme AF 1202:1203 arg1 process 1182:1188 the adsorption process 1167:1188 the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF 1167:1203 The pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption process of Cu2+ and AF. 29684450 5 55 theme Cu2+ 892:895 arg1 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 suitable 914:921 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 55 theme Cu2+ 892:895 arg1 data 884:887 The adsorption data 869:887 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF 869:902 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 56 theme adsorption 968:977 arg1 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF 1064:1103 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 56 theme adsorption 968:977 arg1 capacities 979:988 the maximum adsorption capacities 956:988 the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model 956:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 7 57 theme Cu2+ 1271:1274 arg1 endothermic 1280:1290 endothermic 1280:1290 endothermic 1280:1290 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 7 57 theme Cu2+ 1271:1274 arg1 adsorption 1257:1266 the adsorption 1253:1266 the adsorption of Cu2+ 1253:1274 Thermodynamic constant values illustrated that the adsorption of Cu2+ was endothermic, while the adsorption process of AF was exothermic. 29684450 5 58 theme maximum 960:966 arg1 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g 1064:1072 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF 1064:1103 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 5 58 theme maximum 960:966 arg1 capacities 979:988 the maximum adsorption capacities 956:988 the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model 956:1057 The adsorption data of Cu2+ and AF were both suitable for Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite composite, according to the Langmuir isotherm model were 81.4 mg/g for Cu2+ and 253.2 mg/g for AF at 298 K. 29684450 4 59 contain had 807:809 arg1 presence 785:792 the presence 781:792 the presence of AF 781:798 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 4 59 contain had 807:809 arg2 influence 814:822 no influence 811:822 no influence 811:822 The results showed that the presence of Cu2+ hindered the adsorption of AF, while the presence of AF almost had no influence on the adsorption of Cu2+ in binary systems. 29684450 1 60 dep spectroscopy 250:261 arg1 techniques 298:307 techniques 298:307 techniques 298:307 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29684450 3 61 theme initial 573:579 arg1 value 584:588 initial pH value 573:588 initial pH value 573:588 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 62 theme Acid 350:353 arg1 fuchsin 355:361 Acid fuchsin 350:361 Acid fuchsin 350:361 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 63 from bentonite 544:552 arg1 solutions 688:696 binary solutions 681:696 binary solutions 681:696 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 2 64 from adsorbent 407:415 arg1 systems 437:443 single or binary systems 420:443 single or binary systems 420:443 The simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and Acid fuchsin (AF) applying CMC/bentonite composite as an adsorbent in single or binary systems was investigated. 29684450 3 65 theme pH 581:582 arg1 value 584:588 initial pH value 573:588 initial pH value 573:588 The adsorption study was conducted systematically by varying the ratio of CMC to bentonite, adsorbent dosage, initial pH value, initial Cu2+ (or AF) concentration, contact time and the interaction of two components in binary solutions. 29684450 1 66 theme /bentonite 133:142 arg1 composite 144:152 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite 105:152 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite 105:152 Carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC)/bentonite composite was prepared by the method of membrane-forming, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. 29396028 0 0 theme additional 83:92 arg1 symptoms 94:101 additional symptoms 83:101 additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG 83:135 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 11 1 theme ACOX3 1437:1441 arg1 expression 1443:1452 ACOX3 expression 1437:1452 ACOX3 expression 1437:1452 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 8 2 theme C14-OH 1069:1074 arg1 C18 1079:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 8 2 theme C14-OH 1069:1074 arg1 acylcarnitines 1053:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines 1023:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) 1023:1082 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 10 3 theme minor 1305:1309 arg1 species 1317:1323 the minor lipid species 1301:1323 the minor lipid species 1301:1323 Within the minor lipid species, hexosylceramide was reduced, while its immediate precursor ceramide was increased. 29396028 7 4 theme amino 916:920 arg1 levels 927:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. 29396028 4 5 theme vacuolar 570:577 arg1 H+-ATPase 579:587 the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 556:587 the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 556:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 10 6 theme precursor 1375:1383 arg1 ceramide 1385:1392 its immediate precursor ceramide 1361:1392 its immediate precursor ceramide 1361:1392 Within the minor lipid species, hexosylceramide was reduced, while its immediate precursor ceramide was increased. 29396028 11 7 from activity 1424:1431 arg1 peroxisomes 1457:1467 peroxisomes 1457:1467 peroxisomes 1457:1467 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 1 8 theme glycosylation 162:174 arg1 disorders 149:157 Congenital disorders 138:157 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 138:180 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 1 8 theme glycosylation 162:174 arg1 defects 194:200 genetic defects 186:200 genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 186:235 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 10 9 theme lipid 1311:1315 arg1 species 1317:1323 the minor lipid species 1301:1323 the minor lipid species 1301:1323 Within the minor lipid species, hexosylceramide was reduced, while its immediate precursor ceramide was increased. 29396028 4 10 theme mammalian 560:568 arg1 H+-ATPase 579:587 the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 556:587 the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 556:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 5 11 theme truncated 727:735 arg1 structures 749:758 truncated diantennary structures 727:758 truncated diantennary structures 727:758 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 5 12 theme serum 652:656 arg1 N-glycans 658:666 serum N-glycans 652:666 serum N-glycans 652:666 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 6 13 theme doubling 834:841 arg1 time 843:846 doubling time 834:846 doubling time 834:846 Proliferation of the patient's fibroblasts was significantly reduced and doubling time prolonged. 29396028 7 14 theme acylcarnitine 942:954 arg1 composition 956:966 the acylcarnitine composition 938:966 the acylcarnitine composition 938:966 Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. 29396028 3 15 theme leading 337:343 arg1 symptoms 345:352 leading symptoms 337:352 leading symptoms 337:352 Here we describe a boy whose leading symptoms comprise cutis laxa, pancreatic insufficiency and hepatosplenomegaly. 29396028 5 16 theme N-glycans 658:666 arg1 Studies 641:647 Studies 641:647 Studies of serum N-glycans 641:666 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 8 17 theme several 1023:1029 arg1 C18 1079:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 8 17 theme several 1023:1029 arg1 acylcarnitines 1053:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines 1023:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) 1023:1082 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 11 18 theme ATP6AP1-dependent 1496:1512 arg1 impact 1514:1519 an ATP6AP1-dependent impact 1493:1519 an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids 1493:1553 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 4 19 theme H+-ATPase 579:587 arg1 protein 545:551 an accessory protein 532:551 an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 532:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 19 theme H+-ATPase 579:587 arg1 mutation 479:486 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G 458:495 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1 458:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 0 20 theme new 108:110 arg1 patient 112:118 a new patient 106:118 a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG 106:135 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 4 21 theme hemizygous 468:477 arg1 protein 545:551 an accessory protein 532:551 an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 532:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 21 theme hemizygous 468:477 arg1 mutation 479:486 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G 458:495 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1 458:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 21 theme hemizygous 468:477 arg1 p.L181R 498:504 p.L181R 498:504 p.L181R 498:504 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 11 22 theme fatty 1543:1547 arg1 acids 1549:1553 fatty acids 1543:1553 fatty acids 1543:1553 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 11 23 theme catalase 1415:1422 arg1 activity 1424:1431 catalase activity 1415:1431 catalase activity 1415:1431 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 12 24 theme clinical 1601:1608 arg1 characteristics 1610:1624 the complex clinical characteristics 1589:1624 the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient 1589:1644 These results help to understand the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient. 29396028 12 25 theme complex 1593:1599 arg1 characteristics 1610:1624 the complex clinical characteristics 1589:1624 the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient 1589:1644 These results help to understand the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient. 29396028 5 26 theme structures 749:758 arg1 appearance 713:722 appearance 713:722 appearance of truncated diantennary structures 713:758 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 5 26 theme structures 749:758 arg1 reduction 677:685 reduction 677:685 reduction of complex sialylated 677:707 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 3 27 theme cutis 363:367 arg1 laxa 369:372 cutis laxa 363:372 cutis laxa 363:372 Here we describe a boy whose leading symptoms comprise cutis laxa, pancreatic insufficiency and hepatosplenomegaly. 29396028 4 28 link X-linked 514:521 arg1 ATP6AP1 523:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 29 from mutation 479:486 arg1 ATP6AP1 523:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 8 30 theme medium- 1031:1037 arg1 C18 1079:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 C14-OH to C18 1069:1081 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 8 30 theme medium- 1031:1037 arg1 acylcarnitines 1053:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines 1023:1066 several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) 1023:1082 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 8 31 dep medium- 1031:1037 arg1 to 1039:1040 to 1039:1040 to 1039:1040 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 8 31 dep medium- 1031:1037 arg1 long-chain 1042:1051 long-chain 1042:1051 long-chain 1042:1051 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 0 32 theme Cutis 0:4 arg1 laxa 6:9 Cutis laxa 0:9 Cutis laxa 0:9 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 4 33 theme Whole 424:428 arg1 sequencing 436:445 Whole exome sequencing 424:445 Whole exome sequencing 424:445 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 6 34 theme fibroblasts 792:802 arg1 Proliferation 761:773 Proliferation 761:773 Proliferation of the patient's fibroblasts 761:802 Proliferation of the patient's fibroblasts was significantly reduced and doubling time prolonged. 29396028 2 35 theme multi-organ 286:296 arg1 diseases 298:305 multi-organ diseases 286:305 multi-organ diseases 286:305 >100 types of CDG are known, most of them cause multi-organ diseases. 29396028 9 36 theme lipid 1125:1129 arg1 classes 1131:1137 the main lipid classes 1116:1137 the main lipid classes 1116:1137 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 0 37 theme exocrine 12:19 arg1 insufficiency 32:44 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 12:44 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 12:44 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 4 38 theme accessory 535:543 arg1 protein 545:551 an accessory protein 532:551 an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 532:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 38 theme accessory 535:543 arg1 mutation 479:486 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G 458:495 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1 458:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 9 39 theme classes 1131:1137 arg1 Investigation 1099:1111 Investigation 1099:1111 Investigation of the main lipid classes 1099:1137 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 4 40 theme N-glycosylation 613:627 arg1 deficiency 629:638 a general N-glycosylation deficiency 603:638 a general N-glycosylation deficiency 603:638 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 9 41 theme phophatidylcholine 1245:1262 arg1 expense 1234:1240 the expense 1230:1240 the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine 1230:1291 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 9 42 theme main 1120:1123 arg1 classes 1131:1137 the main lipid classes 1116:1137 the main lipid classes 1116:1137 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 9 43 theme phosphatidylethanolamine 1268:1291 arg1 expense 1234:1240 the expense 1230:1240 the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine 1230:1291 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 4 44 theme general 605:611 arg1 deficiency 629:638 a general N-glycosylation deficiency 603:638 a general N-glycosylation deficiency 603:638 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 8 45 dep reduced 1006:1012 arg1 whereas 1015:1021 whereas 1015:1021 whereas 1015:1021 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 0 46 theme pancreatic 21:30 arg1 insufficiency 32:44 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 12:44 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 12:44 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 4 47 theme novel 462:466 arg1 protein 545:551 an accessory protein 532:551 an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase 532:587 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 47 theme novel 462:466 arg1 mutation 479:486 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G 458:495 the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1 458:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 4 47 theme novel 462:466 arg1 p.L181R 498:504 p.L181R 498:504 p.L181R 498:504 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 8 48 dep C18 1079:1081 arg1 to 1076:1077 to 1076:1077 to 1076:1077 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 9 49 theme total 1153:1157 arg1 cholesterol 1159:1169 total cholesterol 1153:1169 total cholesterol 1153:1169 Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. 29396028 0 50 theme altered 50:56 arg1 metabolomics 67:78 altered cellular metabolomics 50:78 altered cellular metabolomics 50:78 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 4 51 theme X-linked 514:521 arg1 ATP6AP1 523:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 the X-linked ATP6AP1 510:529 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 3 52 theme pancreatic 375:384 arg1 insufficiency 386:398 pancreatic insufficiency 375:398 pancreatic insufficiency 375:398 Here we describe a boy whose leading symptoms comprise cutis laxa, pancreatic insufficiency and hepatosplenomegaly. 29396028 11 53 theme acids 1549:1553 arg1 β-oxidation 1528:1538 the β-oxidation 1524:1538 the β-oxidation of fatty acids 1524:1553 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 5 54 gly sialylated 698:707 arg1 complex 690:696 complex 690:696 complex sialylated 690:707 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 5 55 dep truncated 727:735 arg1 diantennary 737:747 diantennary 737:747 diantennary 737:747 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 11 56 from expression 1443:1452 arg1 peroxisomes 1457:1467 peroxisomes 1457:1467 peroxisomes 1457:1467 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 1 57 from defects 194:200 arg1 biosynthesis 224:235 the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 205:235 the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 205:235 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 1 58 theme glycoconjugate 209:222 arg1 biosynthesis 224:235 the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 205:235 the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 205:235 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 5 59 theme complex 690:696 arg1 appearance 713:722 appearance 713:722 appearance of truncated diantennary structures 713:758 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 5 59 theme complex 690:696 arg1 reduction 677:685 reduction 677:685 reduction of complex sialylated 677:707 Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. 29396028 4 60 theme exome 430:434 arg1 sequencing 436:445 Whole exome sequencing 424:445 Whole exome sequencing 424:445 Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. 29396028 2 61 theme CDG 252:254 arg1 types 243:247 >100 types 238:247 >100 types of CDG 238:254 >100 types of CDG are known, most of them cause multi-organ diseases. 29396028 8 62 theme short-chain 981:991 arg1 species 993:999 short-chain species 981:999 short-chain species 981:999 Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. 29396028 10 63 theme immediate 1365:1373 arg1 ceramide 1385:1392 its immediate precursor ceramide 1361:1392 its immediate precursor ceramide 1361:1392 Within the minor lipid species, hexosylceramide was reduced, while its immediate precursor ceramide was increased. 29396028 7 64 theme acid 922:925 arg1 levels 927:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. 29396028 0 65 from symptoms 94:101 arg1 patient 112:118 a new patient 106:118 a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG 106:135 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 7 66 from alterations 884:894 arg1 levels 927:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 the fibroblasts' amino acid levels 899:932 Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. 29396028 7 66 from alterations 884:894 arg1 composition 956:966 the acylcarnitine composition 938:966 the acylcarnitine composition 938:966 Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. 29396028 1 67 theme genetic 186:192 arg1 defects 194:200 genetic defects 186:200 genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 186:235 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 1 67 theme genetic 186:192 arg1 disorders 149:157 Congenital disorders 138:157 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 138:180 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 1 68 theme Congenital 138:147 arg1 disorders 149:157 Congenital disorders 138:157 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 138:180 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 1 68 theme Congenital 138:147 arg1 defects 194:200 genetic defects 186:200 genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis 186:235 Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. 29396028 0 69 with patient 112:118 arg1 ATP6AP1-CDG 125:135 ATP6AP1-CDG 125:135 ATP6AP1-CDG 125:135 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 12 70 theme patient 1638:1644 arg1 characteristics 1610:1624 the complex clinical characteristics 1589:1624 the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient 1589:1644 These results help to understand the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient. 29396028 0 71 theme cellular 58:65 arg1 metabolomics 67:78 altered cellular metabolomics 50:78 altered cellular metabolomics 50:78 Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. 29396028 11 72 from impact 1514:1519 arg1 β-oxidation 1528:1538 the β-oxidation 1524:1538 the β-oxidation of fatty acids 1524:1553 Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. 29396028 12 73 theme new 1634:1636 arg1 patient 1638:1644 this new patient 1629:1644 this new patient 1629:1644 These results help to understand the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient. 29923501 2 0 theme major 383:387 arg1 issue 389:393 a major issue 381:393 a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 381:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 2 0 theme major 383:387 arg1 availability 325:336 the limited availability 313:336 the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks 313:356 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 12 1 from tangent 1961:1967 arg1 range 1976:1980 the range 1972:1980 the range of 0.25-0.45 1972:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 2 2 theme limited 317:323 arg1 issue 389:393 a major issue 381:393 a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 381:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 2 2 theme limited 317:323 arg1 availability 325:336 the limited availability 313:336 the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks 313:356 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 12 3 theme loss 1956:1959 arg1 tangent 1961:1967 a loss tangent 1954:1967 a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 1954:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 13 4 used used 2195:2198 arg2 methodology 2144:2154 the methodology 2140:2154 the methodology introduced in this paper 2140:2179 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 4 5 theme bioinks 844:850 arg1 printability 813:824 the printability 809:824 the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks 809:850 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 6 6 theme storage 1145:1151 arg1 G 1162:1162 G' 1162:1163 G' 1162:1163 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 6 theme storage 1145:1151 arg1 modulus 1153:1159 storage modulus 1145:1159 storage modulus (G') 1145:1164 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 13 7 from printability 2216:2227 arg1 future 2253:2258 future 2253:2258 future 2253:2258 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 2 8 theme bioinks 350:356 arg1 issue 389:393 a major issue 381:393 a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 381:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 2 8 theme bioinks 350:356 arg1 availability 325:336 the limited availability 313:336 the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks 313:356 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 12 9 theme composite 1929:1937 arg1 hydrogels 1939:1947 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels 1912:1947 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 1912:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 3 10 theme higher 595:600 arg1 forces 602:607 the higher forces 591:607 the higher forces which are required for extrusion 591:640 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 29923501 11 11 theme extrusion 1890:1898 arg1 uniformity 1900:1909 increased extrusion uniformity 1880:1909 increased extrusion uniformity 1880:1909 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 1 12 theme cells 252:256 arg1 deposition 238:247 the precise deposition 226:247 the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion 226:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 5 13 theme bioinks 1017:1023 arg1 comparison 1003:1012 direct comparison 996:1012 direct comparison of bioinks 996:1023 Additionally, 'printability' has been poorly defined in the literature, mostly consisting of gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks. 29923501 10 14 theme extrusion 1714:1722 arg1 pressure 1724:1731 the required extrusion pressure 1701:1731 the required extrusion pressure 1701:1731 A mathematical model relating the G' and G″ to the required extrusion pressure was derived based on the data. 29923501 4 15 theme materials 751:759 arg1 modulus 727:733 dynamic modulus 719:733 dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 719:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 13 16 theme bioinks 2238:2244 arg1 printability 2216:2227 the printability 2212:2227 the printability of other bioinks in the future 2212:2258 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 12 17 theme structural 2037:2046 arg1 integrity 2048:2056 structural integrity 2037:2056 structural integrity 2037:2056 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 7 18 theme model 1260:1264 arg1 hydrogels 1266:1274 model hydrogels 1260:1274 model hydrogels 1260:1274 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 12 19 theme 0.25-0.45 1985:1993 arg1 range 1976:1980 the range 1972:1980 the range of 0.25-0.45 1972:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 4 20 theme dynamic 719:725 arg1 modulus 727:733 dynamic modulus 719:733 dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 719:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 1 21 theme tissue 186:191 arg1 applications 205:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 3 22 contain have 554:557 arg1 materials 502:510 highly viscous materials 487:510 highly viscous materials 487:510 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 29923501 3 22 contain have 554:557 arg2 viability 574:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 29923501 5 23 theme gross 946:950 arg1 measures 964:971 gross qualitative measures 946:971 gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks 946:1023 Additionally, 'printability' has been poorly defined in the literature, mostly consisting of gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks. 29923501 2 24 theme extrusion 429:437 arg1 technologies 451:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 0 25 dep approach 106:113 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters 0:90 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 4 26 theme storage 762:768 arg1 modulus 770:776 storage modulus 762:776 storage modulus (G') 762:781 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 26 theme storage 762:768 arg1 components 705:714 the two distinct components 688:714 the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 688:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 26 theme storage 762:768 arg1 G 779:779 G' 779:780 G' 779:780 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 11 27 theme increased 1805:1813 arg1 integrity 1826:1834 increased structural integrity 1805:1834 increased structural integrity 1805:1834 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 8 28 theme extrudability 1471:1483 arg1 values 1461:1466 the quantitatively defined values 1434:1466 the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity 1434:1531 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 11 29 theme loss 1851:1854 arg1 tangent 1856:1862 a higher loss tangent 1842:1862 a higher loss tangent 1842:1862 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 0 30 theme gelatin-alginate 16:31 arg1 printability 50:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 12 31 dep excellent 2008:2016 arg1 compromise 2018:2027 compromise 2018:2027 compromise 2018:2027 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 4 32 theme components 705:714 arg1 effect 678:683 the effect 674:683 the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks 674:850 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 8 33 theme extrusion 1486:1494 arg1 uniformity 1496:1505 extrusion uniformity 1486:1505 extrusion uniformity 1486:1505 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 2 34 theme technologies 451:462 arg1 advancement 403:413 the advancement 399:413 the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 399:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 0 35 theme bioink 43:48 arg1 printability 50:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 7 36 dep storage 1366:1372 arg1 moduli 1383:1388 moduli 1383:1388 moduli 1383:1388 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 5 37 theme direct 996:1001 arg1 comparison 1003:1012 direct comparison 996:1012 direct comparison of bioinks 996:1023 Additionally, 'printability' has been poorly defined in the literature, mostly consisting of gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks. 29923501 11 38 theme lower 1766:1770 arg1 tangent 1777:1783 A lower loss tangent 1764:1783 A lower loss tangent 1764:1783 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 8 39 theme structural 1512:1521 arg1 integrity 1523:1531 structural integrity 1512:1531 structural integrity 1512:1531 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 13 40 theme common 2125:2130 arg1 bioink 2132:2137 a common bioink 2123:2137 a common bioink 2123:2137 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 2 41 theme bioprinting 439:449 arg1 technologies 451:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 11 42 theme higher 1844:1849 arg1 tangent 1856:1862 a higher loss tangent 1842:1862 a higher loss tangent 1842:1862 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 10 43 theme mathematical 1656:1667 arg1 model 1669:1673 A mathematical model 1654:1673 A mathematical model relating the G' and G″ to the required extrusion pressure 1654:1731 A mathematical model relating the G' and G″ to the required extrusion pressure was derived based on the data. 29923501 1 44 theme layer-by-layer 280:293 arg1 fashion 295:301 a layer-by-layer fashion 278:301 a layer-by-layer fashion 278:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 9 45 theme storage 1583:1589 arg1 modulus 1591:1597 storage modulus 1583:1597 storage modulus 1583:1597 For extrudability, increasing either the loss or storage modulus increased the pressure required to extrude the bioink. 29923501 7 46 theme loss 1378:1381 arg1 range 1357:1361 a wide range 1350:1361 a wide range of storage and loss moduli 1350:1388 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 3 47 theme cell 569:572 arg1 viability 574:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 29923501 1 48 theme engineering 193:203 arg1 applications 205:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 7 49 theme storage 1366:1372 arg1 range 1357:1361 a wide range 1350:1361 a wide range of storage and loss moduli 1350:1388 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 7 50 theme wide 1352:1355 arg1 range 1357:1361 a wide range 1350:1361 a wide range of storage and loss moduli 1350:1388 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 6 51 theme loss 1190:1193 arg1 tangent 1195:1201 loss tangent 1190:1201 loss tangent (G″/G') 1190:1209 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 51 theme loss 1190:1193 arg1 G″/G 1204:1207 G″/G' 1204:1208 G″/G' 1204:1208 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 10 52 theme required 1705:1712 arg1 pressure 1724:1731 the required extrusion pressure 1701:1731 the required extrusion pressure 1701:1731 A mathematical model relating the G' and G″ to the required extrusion pressure was derived based on the data. 29923501 4 53 from effect 678:683 arg1 printability 813:824 the printability 809:824 the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks 809:850 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 54 theme hydrogel-based 829:842 arg1 bioinks 844:850 hydrogel-based bioinks 829:850 hydrogel-based bioinks 829:850 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 2 55 theme hydrogel 341:348 arg1 bioinks 350:356 hydrogel bioinks 341:356 hydrogel bioinks 341:356 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 1 56 theme precise 230:236 arg1 deposition 238:247 the precise deposition 226:247 the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion 226:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 12 57 theme Gelatin-alginate 1912:1927 arg1 hydrogels 1939:1947 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels 1912:1947 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 1912:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 7 58 theme hydrogel 1323:1330 arg1 formulations 1332:1343 hydrogel formulations 1323:1343 hydrogel formulations 1323:1343 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 11 59 theme increased 1880:1888 arg1 uniformity 1900:1909 increased extrusion uniformity 1880:1909 increased extrusion uniformity 1880:1909 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 12 60 theme extrusion 2062:2070 arg1 uniformity 2072:2081 extrusion uniformity 2062:2081 extrusion uniformity 2062:2081 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 7 61 theme various 1290:1296 arg1 concentrations 1298:1311 various concentrations 1290:1311 various concentrations 1290:1311 Gelatin and alginate as model hydrogels were mixed at various concentrations to obtain hydrogel formulations with a wide range of storage and loss moduli. 29923501 4 62 theme modulus 727:733 arg1 modulus 770:776 storage modulus 762:776 storage modulus (G') 762:781 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 62 theme modulus 727:733 arg1 components 705:714 the two distinct components 688:714 the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 688:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 62 theme modulus 727:733 arg1 modulus 792:798 loss modulus 787:798 loss modulus (G″) 787:803 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 6 63 theme printing 1218:1225 arg1 outcome 1227:1233 the printing outcome 1214:1233 the printing outcome 1214:1233 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 1 64 from deposition 238:247 arg1 fashion 295:301 a layer-by-layer fashion 278:301 a layer-by-layer fashion 278:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 13 65 theme other 2232:2236 arg1 bioinks 2238:2244 other bioinks 2232:2244 other bioinks 2232:2244 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 6 66 theme loss 1167:1170 arg1 G″ 1181:1182 G″ 1181:1182 G″ 1181:1182 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 66 theme loss 1167:1170 arg1 modulus 1172:1178 loss modulus 1167:1178 loss modulus (G″) 1167:1183 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 4 67 theme viscoelastic 738:749 arg1 materials 751:759 viscoelastic materials 738:759 viscoelastic materials 738:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 12 68 with hydrogels 1939:1947 arg1 tangent 1961:1967 a loss tangent 1954:1967 a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 1954:1993 Gelatin-alginate composite hydrogels with a loss tangent in the range of 0.25-0.45 exhibited an excellent compromise between structural integrity and extrusion uniformity. 29923501 1 69 theme promising 163:171 arg1 technique 173:181 a promising technique 161:181 a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion 161:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 4 70 theme distinct 696:703 arg1 modulus 770:776 storage modulus 762:776 storage modulus (G') 762:781 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 70 theme distinct 696:703 arg1 components 705:714 the two distinct components 688:714 the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 688:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 70 theme distinct 696:703 arg1 modulus 792:798 loss modulus 787:798 loss modulus (G″) 787:803 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 0 71 theme systematic 95:104 arg1 approach 106:113 a systematic approach 93:113 a systematic approach 93:113 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 6 72 theme modulus 1126:1132 arg1 effect 1108:1113 the effect 1104:1113 the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome 1104:1233 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 8 73 theme defined 1453:1459 arg1 values 1461:1466 the quantitatively defined values 1434:1466 the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity 1434:1531 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 1 74 from technique 173:181 arg1 applications 205:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 tissue engineering applications 186:216 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 5 75 theme qualitative 952:962 arg1 measures 964:971 gross qualitative measures 946:971 gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks 946:1023 Additionally, 'printability' has been poorly defined in the literature, mostly consisting of gross qualitative measures which do not allow for direct comparison of bioinks. 29923501 13 76 theme bioink 2132:2137 arg1 characterization 2103:2118 the characterization 2099:2118 the characterization of a common bioink 2099:2137 In addition to the characterization of a common bioink, the methodology introduced in this paper could also be used to evaluate the printability of other bioinks in the future. 29923501 2 77 theme cell-based 418:427 arg1 technologies 451:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies 418:462 However, the limited availability of hydrogel bioinks is frequently cited as a major issue for the advancement of cell-based extrusion bioprinting technologies. 29923501 11 78 theme structural 1815:1824 arg1 integrity 1826:1834 increased structural integrity 1805:1834 increased structural integrity 1805:1834 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 0 79 theme composite 33:41 arg1 printability 50:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability 16:61 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 1 80 theme Three-dimensional 116:132 arg1 bioprinting 134:144 Three-dimensional bioprinting 116:144 Three-dimensional bioprinting 116:144 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 8 81 theme uniformity 1496:1505 arg1 values 1461:1466 the quantitatively defined values 1434:1466 the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity 1434:1531 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 0 82 theme printability 50:61 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters 0:90 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 6 83 from effect 1108:1113 arg1 outcome 1227:1233 the printing outcome 1214:1233 the printing outcome 1214:1233 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 3 84 theme viscous 494:500 arg1 materials 502:510 highly viscous materials 487:510 highly viscous materials 487:510 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 29923501 0 85 theme rheological 69:79 arg1 parameters 81:90 rheological parameters 69:90 rheological parameters 69:90 Optimization of gelatin-alginate composite bioink printability using rheological parameters: a systematic approach. 29923501 6 86 theme dynamic 1118:1124 arg1 tangent 1195:1201 loss tangent 1190:1201 loss tangent (G″/G') 1190:1209 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 86 theme dynamic 1118:1124 arg1 modulus 1126:1132 dynamic modulus 1118:1132 dynamic modulus 1118:1132 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 86 theme dynamic 1118:1124 arg1 modulus 1172:1178 loss modulus 1167:1178 loss modulus (G″) 1167:1183 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 6 86 theme dynamic 1118:1124 arg1 modulus 1153:1159 storage modulus 1145:1159 storage modulus (G') 1145:1164 This study developed a framework for evaluating printability and investigated the effect of dynamic modulus, including storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and loss tangent (G″/G') on the printing outcome. 29923501 8 87 theme integrity 1523:1531 arg1 values 1461:1466 the quantitatively defined values 1434:1466 the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity 1434:1531 These formulations were then evaluated for the quantitatively defined values of extrudability, extrusion uniformity, and structural integrity. 29923501 11 88 theme loss 1772:1775 arg1 tangent 1777:1783 A lower loss tangent 1764:1783 A lower loss tangent 1764:1783 A lower loss tangent was correlated with increased structural integrity while a higher loss tangent correlated with increased extrusion uniformity. 29923501 4 89 theme loss 787:790 arg1 G″ 801:802 G″ 801:802 G″ 801:802 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 89 theme loss 787:790 arg1 modulus 792:798 loss modulus 787:798 loss modulus (G″) 787:803 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 4 89 theme loss 787:790 arg1 components 705:714 the two distinct components 688:714 the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials 688:759 However, little is known about the effect of the two distinct components of dynamic modulus of viscoelastic materials, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″), on the printability of hydrogel-based bioinks. 29923501 1 90 theme biomaterials 262:273 arg1 deposition 238:247 the precise deposition 226:247 the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion 226:301 Three-dimensional bioprinting has emerged as a promising technique in tissue engineering applications through the precise deposition of cells and biomaterials in a layer-by-layer fashion. 29923501 3 91 theme decreased 559:567 arg1 viability 574:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 decreased cell viability 559:582 It is well known that highly viscous materials maintain their structure better, but also have decreased cell viability due to the higher forces which are required for extrusion. 30553387 0 0 theme lithium-ion 100:110 arg1 separators 120:129 lithium-ion battery separators 100:129 lithium-ion battery separators 100:129 Thermally stable and green cellulose-based composites strengthened by styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators. 30553387 5 1 theme shrinkage 792:800 arg1 heating 810:816 heating 810:816 heating at 200 °C 810:826 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 1 theme shrinkage 792:800 arg1 stress 802:807 low thermal shrinkage stress 780:807 low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) 780:835 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 7 2 theme pCSA 1127:1130 arg1 separators 1132:1141 pCSA separators 1127:1141 pCSA separators 1127:1141 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 7 3 theme low 1236:1238 arg1 cost 1240:1243 low cost 1236:1243 low cost 1236:1243 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 5 4 from 200 °C 821:826 arg1 heating 810:816 heating 810:816 heating at 200 °C 810:826 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 4 from 200 °C 821:826 arg1 stress 802:807 low thermal shrinkage stress 780:807 low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) 780:835 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 5 theme eco-friendly 169:180 arg1 separator 182:190 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator 146:190 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) 146:276 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 6 6 theme cm-1 998:1001 arg1 conductivity 974:985 a high ionic conductivity 961:985 a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 961:1001 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 6 7 with 30 °C 1006:1010 arg1 electrode 1060:1068 electrode 1060:1068 electrode 1060:1068 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 3 8 theme high 605:608 arg1 conductivity 621:632 high electrical conductivity 605:632 high electrical conductivity 605:632 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 3 9 theme membrane 573:580 arg1 uptake 563:568 the electrolyte uptake 547:568 the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity 547:632 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 6 10 theme 1.34 mS 990:996 arg1 cm-1 998:1001 1.34 mS cm-1 990:1001 1.34 mS cm-1 990:1001 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 0 11 theme battery 112:118 arg1 separators 120:129 lithium-ion battery separators 100:129 lithium-ion battery separators 100:129 Thermally stable and green cellulose-based composites strengthened by styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators. 30553387 5 12 from SA 885:886 arg1 composites 895:904 the composites 891:904 the composites 891:904 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 13 theme facile 297:302 arg1 process 339:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 3 14 theme Polyvinyl 501:509 arg1 alcohol 511:517 Polyvinyl alcohol 501:517 Polyvinyl alcohol 501:517 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 6 15 theme excellent 1019:1027 arg1 compatibility 1041:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility 1016:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode 1016:1068 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 2 16 theme network 431:437 arg1 junctions 439:447 more network junctions 426:447 more network junctions 426:447 The results indicated that styrene-co-acrylate (SA) endowed the membrane with more network junctions, thereby, improving the film formation of membrane. 30553387 7 17 theme lithium-ion 1186:1196 arg1 separators 1206:1215 lithium-ion battery separators 1186:1215 lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required 1186:1277 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 6 18 theme ionic 968:972 arg1 conductivity 974:985 a high ionic conductivity 961:985 a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 961:1001 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 7 19 theme application 1170:1180 arg1 field 1161:1165 a new field 1155:1165 a new field of application 1155:1180 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 2 20 theme more 426:429 arg1 junctions 439:447 more network junctions 426:447 more network junctions 426:447 The results indicated that styrene-co-acrylate (SA) endowed the membrane with more network junctions, thereby, improving the film formation of membrane. 30553387 7 21 theme high 1223:1226 arg1 safety 1228:1233 high safety 1223:1233 high safety 1223:1233 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 7 22 theme simple 1082:1087 arg1 preparation 1089:1099 simple preparation 1082:1099 simple preparation 1082:1099 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 6 23 theme high 963:966 arg1 conductivity 974:985 a high ionic conductivity 961:985 a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 961:1001 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 2 24 theme film 473:476 arg1 formation 478:486 the film formation 469:486 the film formation of membrane 469:498 The results indicated that styrene-co-acrylate (SA) endowed the membrane with more network junctions, thereby, improving the film formation of membrane. 30553387 5 25 dep heating 810:816 arg1 0.96 N 829:834 0.96 N 829:834 0.96 N 829:834 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 26 theme polyvinyl 204:212 arg1 alcohol 214:220 polyvinyl alcohol 204:220 polyvinyl alcohol 204:220 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 7 27 theme new 1157:1159 arg1 field 1161:1165 a new field 1155:1165 a new field of application 1155:1180 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 1 28 theme cost-effective 308:321 arg1 process 339:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 3 29 theme electrical 610:619 arg1 conductivity 621:632 high electrical conductivity 605:632 high electrical conductivity 605:632 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 7 30 theme superior 1105:1112 arg1 performance 1114:1124 superior performance 1105:1124 superior performance 1105:1124 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 4 31 theme as-prepared 656:666 arg1 separator 673:681 the as-prepared pCSA separator 652:681 the as-prepared pCSA separator 652:681 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator was embodied by its high porosity and wettability. 30553387 1 32 theme phase 323:327 arg1 process 339:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 5 33 theme Remarkable 734:743 arg1 58.7 MPa 766:773 58.7 MPa 766:773 58.7 MPa 766:773 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 33 theme Remarkable 734:743 arg1 strength 756:763 Remarkable mechanical strength 734:763 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) 734:774 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 34 theme modified 222:229 arg1 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 1 34 theme modified 222:229 arg1 composite 261:269 modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite 222:269 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) 146:276 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 1 35 theme inversion 329:337 arg1 process 339:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process 295:345 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 5 36 theme mechanical 745:754 arg1 58.7 MPa 766:773 58.7 MPa 766:773 58.7 MPa 766:773 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 36 theme mechanical 745:754 arg1 strength 756:763 Remarkable mechanical strength 734:763 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) 734:774 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 4 37 theme separator 673:681 arg1 merit 643:647 The key merit 635:647 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator 635:681 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator was embodied by its high porosity and wettability. 30553387 5 38 theme tough 879:883 arg1 SA 885:886 the fire resistant and tough SA 856:886 the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites 856:904 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 39 theme cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate 231:259 arg1 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 1 39 theme cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate 231:259 arg1 composite 261:269 modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite 222:269 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) 146:276 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 0 40 theme cellulose-based 27:41 arg1 composites 43:52 cellulose-based composites 27:52 cellulose-based composites 27:52 Thermally stable and green cellulose-based composites strengthened by styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators. 30553387 6 41 attach presented 951:959 arg1 addition 910:917 addition 910:917 addition 910:917 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 6 41 attach presented 951:959 arg1 compatibility 1041:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility 1016:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode 1016:1068 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 6 41 attach presented 951:959 arg1 30 °C 1006:1010 30 °C 1006:1010 30 °C 1006:1010 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 6 41 attach presented 951:959 arg2 pCSA 946:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 4 42 theme pCSA 668:671 arg1 separator 673:681 the as-prepared pCSA separator 652:681 the as-prepared pCSA separator 652:681 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator was embodied by its high porosity and wettability. 30553387 2 43 theme membrane 491:498 arg1 formation 478:486 the film formation 469:486 the film formation of membrane 469:498 The results indicated that styrene-co-acrylate (SA) endowed the membrane with more network junctions, thereby, improving the film formation of membrane. 30553387 7 44 theme battery 1198:1204 arg1 separators 1206:1215 lithium-ion battery separators 1186:1215 lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required 1186:1277 Due to its simple preparation and superior performance, pCSA separators may open up a new field of application for lithium-ion battery separators where high safety, low cost and biocompatibility are required. 30553387 6 45 theme interfacial 1029:1039 arg1 compatibility 1041:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility 1016:1053 an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode 1016:1068 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 5 46 theme thermal 784:790 arg1 heating 810:816 heating 810:816 heating at 200 °C 810:826 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 46 theme thermal 784:790 arg1 stress 802:807 low thermal shrinkage stress 780:807 low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) 780:835 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 1 47 dep separator 182:190 arg1 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 pCSA 272:275 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 1 47 dep separator 182:190 arg1 composite 261:269 modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite 222:269 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) 146:276 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 30553387 6 48 theme electrolyte-soaked 927:944 arg1 pCSA 946:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 6 49 with compatibility 1041:1053 arg1 electrode 1060:1068 electrode 1060:1068 electrode 1060:1068 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 3 50 used used 523:526 arg2 alcohol 511:517 Polyvinyl alcohol 501:517 Polyvinyl alcohol 501:517 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 6 51 theme liquid 920:925 arg1 pCSA 946:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA 920:949 In addition, liquid electrolyte-soaked pCSA presented a high ionic conductivity of 1.34 mS cm-1 at 30 °C and an excellent interfacial compatibility with electrode. 30553387 4 52 theme high 703:706 arg1 porosity 708:715 its high porosity 699:715 its high porosity 699:715 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator was embodied by its high porosity and wettability. 30553387 4 53 theme key 639:641 arg1 merit 643:647 The key merit 635:647 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator 635:681 The key merit of the as-prepared pCSA separator was embodied by its high porosity and wettability. 30553387 3 54 theme electrolyte 551:561 arg1 uptake 563:568 the electrolyte uptake 547:568 the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity 547:632 Polyvinyl alcohol was used to further improve the electrolyte uptake of membrane, which was crucial for high electrical conductivity. 30553387 5 55 theme low 780:782 arg1 heating 810:816 heating 810:816 heating at 200 °C 810:826 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 5 55 theme low 780:782 arg1 stress 802:807 low thermal shrinkage stress 780:807 low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) 780:835 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 2 56 with endowed 400:406 arg1 junctions 439:447 more network junctions 426:447 more network junctions 426:447 The results indicated that styrene-co-acrylate (SA) endowed the membrane with more network junctions, thereby, improving the film formation of membrane. 30553387 0 57 dep stable 10:15 arg1 composites 43:52 cellulose-based composites 27:52 cellulose-based composites 27:52 Thermally stable and green cellulose-based composites strengthened by styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators. 30553387 5 58 theme resistant 865:873 arg1 SA 885:886 the fire resistant and tough SA 856:886 the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites 856:904 Remarkable mechanical strength (58.7 MPa) and low thermal shrinkage stress (heating at 200 °C, 0.96 N) can be obtained by the fire resistant and tough SA in the composites. 30553387 0 59 theme styrene-co-acrylate 70:88 arg1 latex 90:94 styrene-co-acrylate latex 70:94 styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators 70:129 Thermally stable and green cellulose-based composites strengthened by styrene-co-acrylate latex for lithium-ion battery separators. 30553387 1 60 theme stable 158:163 arg1 separator 182:190 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator 146:190 a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) 146:276 In this work, a thermally stable and eco-friendly separator composed of polyvinyl alcohol modified cellulose/styrene-co-acrylate composite (pCSA) was prepared via a facile and cost-effective phase inversion process. 31183754 1 0 theme raw 205:207 arg1 materials 209:217 the raw materials 201:217 the raw materials 201:217 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 0 theme raw 205:207 arg1 extract 161:167 berry soap fruit extract 144:167 berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin) 144:181 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 0 theme raw 205:207 arg1 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 0 theme raw 205:207 arg1 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 5 1 theme ions 851:854 arg1 uptake 834:839 the uptake 830:839 the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite 830:871 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 3 2 from properties 455:464 arg1 process 501:507 the adsorption process 486:507 the adsorption process 486:507 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 2 3 theme metal 337:341 arg1 ions 343:346 copper metal ions 330:346 copper metal ions (Cu(II)) 330:355 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 7 4 theme CRB 1065:1067 arg1 composite 1069:1077 The CRB composite 1061:1077 The CRB composite 1061:1077 The CRB composite also shows potential reusability. 31183754 2 5 dep ions 343:346 arg1 II 352:353 II 352:353 II 352:353 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 2 5 dep ions 343:346 arg1 Cu 349:350 Cu 349:350 Cu(II) 349:354 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 4 6 theme adsorption 664:673 arg1 data 675:678 the kinetic adsorption data 652:678 the kinetic adsorption data 652:678 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 4 7 theme kinetic 656:662 arg1 data 675:678 the kinetic adsorption data 652:678 the kinetic adsorption data 652:678 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 5 8 theme CRB 859:861 arg1 composite 863:871 CRB composite 859:871 CRB composite 859:871 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 3 9 dep isotherm 434:441 arg1 the 430:432 the 430:432 the 430:432 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 4 10 theme 412.70 mg/g 639:649 arg1 uptake 618:623 maximum uptake 610:623 maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g 610:649 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 2 11 theme copper 330:335 arg1 ions 343:346 copper metal ions 330:346 copper metal ions (Cu(II)) 330:355 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 6 12 theme CRB 975:977 arg1 composite 979:987 CRB composite 975:987 CRB composite 975:987 This study shows that physicochemical modified adsorbent, namely CRB composite, can remove Cu (II) better than pristine adsorbent of AAB and chitosan. 31183754 6 12 theme CRB 975:977 arg1 adsorbent 957:965 adsorbent 957:965 adsorbent 957:965 This study shows that physicochemical modified adsorbent, namely CRB composite, can remove Cu (II) better than pristine adsorbent of AAB and chitosan. 31183754 2 13 theme chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite 233:262 arg1 composite 270:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 1 14 theme fruit 155:159 arg1 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 14 theme fruit 155:159 arg1 extract 161:167 berry soap fruit extract 144:167 berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin) 144:181 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 14 theme fruit 155:159 arg1 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 14 theme fruit 155:159 arg1 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 14 theme fruit 155:159 arg1 materials 209:217 the raw materials 201:217 the raw materials 201:217 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 15 theme berry 144:148 arg1 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 15 theme berry 144:148 arg1 extract 161:167 berry soap fruit extract 144:167 berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin) 144:181 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 15 theme berry 144:148 arg1 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 15 theme berry 144:148 arg1 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 15 theme berry 144:148 arg1 materials 209:217 the raw materials 201:217 the raw materials 201:217 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 4 16 theme good 545:548 arg1 fit 550:552 a good fit 543:552 a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model 543:585 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 5 17 theme isotherm 802:809 arg1 data 811:814 the isotherm data 798:814 the isotherm data 798:814 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 2 18 theme produced 224:231 arg1 composite 270:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 1 19 theme soap 150:153 arg1 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 rarasaponin 170:180 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 19 theme soap 150:153 arg1 extract 161:167 berry soap fruit extract 144:167 berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin) 144:181 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 19 theme soap 150:153 arg1 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 chitosan 134:141 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 19 theme soap 150:153 arg1 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 bentonite 188:196 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 1 19 theme soap 150:153 arg1 materials 209:217 the raw materials 201:217 the raw materials 201:217 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 3 20 from isotherm 434:441 arg1 process 501:507 the adsorption process 486:507 the adsorption process 486:507 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 2 21 theme outstanding 289:299 arg1 capability 312:321 outstanding adsorption capability 289:321 outstanding adsorption capability 289:321 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 3 22 theme static 370:375 arg1 experiments 388:398 static adsorption experiments 370:398 static adsorption experiments 370:398 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 4 23 with fit 695:697 arg1 model 728:732 the pseudo-second-order model 704:732 the pseudo-second-order model 704:732 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 3 24 theme adsorption 377:386 arg1 experiments 388:398 static adsorption experiments 370:398 static adsorption experiments 370:398 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 5 25 theme thermodynamic 739:751 arg1 ΔG° 770:772 ΔG° 770:772 ΔG° 770:772 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 5 25 theme thermodynamic 739:751 arg1 ΔS° 779:781 ΔS° 779:781 ΔS° 779:781 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 5 25 theme thermodynamic 739:751 arg1 ΔH° 765:767 ΔH° 765:767 ΔH° 765:767 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 5 25 theme thermodynamic 739:751 arg1 parameters 753:762 The thermodynamic parameters 735:762 The thermodynamic parameters 735:762 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 5 26 theme copper 844:849 arg1 ions 851:854 copper ions 844:854 copper ions 844:854 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 6 27 theme AAB 1043:1045 arg1 adsorbent 1030:1038 adsorbent 1030:1038 adsorbent 1030:1038 This study shows that physicochemical modified adsorbent, namely CRB composite, can remove Cu (II) better than pristine adsorbent of AAB and chitosan. 31183754 6 28 theme chitosan 1051:1058 arg1 adsorbent 1030:1038 adsorbent 1030:1038 adsorbent 1030:1038 This study shows that physicochemical modified adsorbent, namely CRB composite, can remove Cu (II) better than pristine adsorbent of AAB and chitosan. 31183754 1 29 theme low-cost 80:87 arg1 film 99:102 The low-cost composite film 76:102 The low-cost composite film 76:102 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 4 30 theme Cu 628:629 arg1 uptake 618:623 maximum uptake 610:623 maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g 610:649 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 0 31 theme adsorbent 40:48 arg1 II 66:67 II 66:67 II 66:67 An environment-friendly composite as an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions. 31183754 0 31 theme adsorbent 40:48 arg1 Cu 62:63 an adsorbent for removal Cu 37:63 an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions 37:73 An environment-friendly composite as an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions. 31183754 4 32 theme adsorption 514:523 arg1 equilibrium 525:535 The adsorption equilibrium 510:535 The adsorption equilibrium 510:535 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 4 33 theme maximum 610:616 arg1 uptake 618:623 maximum uptake 610:623 maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g 610:649 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 4 34 theme CRB 592:594 arg1 composite 596:604 the CRB composite 588:604 the CRB composite 588:604 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 3 35 theme experiments 388:398 arg1 series 360:365 A series 358:365 A series of static adsorption experiments 358:398 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 1 36 theme composite 89:97 arg1 film 99:102 The low-cost composite film 76:102 The low-cost composite film 76:102 The low-cost composite film was prepared by incorporating chitosan, berry soap fruit extract (rarasaponin), and bentonite as the raw materials. 31183754 3 37 theme kinetic 447:453 arg1 properties 455:464 kinetic properties 447:464 kinetic properties 447:464 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 5 38 theme low 892:894 arg1 temperatures 896:907 low temperatures 892:907 low temperatures 892:907 The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, obtained from the isotherm data indicate that the uptake of copper ions by CRB composite is more favored at low temperatures. 31183754 4 39 with fit 550:552 arg1 model 581:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 4 40 theme good 690:693 arg1 fit 695:697 a good fit 688:697 a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model 688:732 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 2 41 theme CRB 265:267 arg1 composite 270:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite 220:278 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 2 42 theme adsorption 301:310 arg1 capability 312:321 outstanding adsorption capability 289:321 outstanding adsorption capability 289:321 The produced chitosan/rarasaponin/bentonite (CRB) composite exhibits outstanding adsorption capability toward copper metal ions (Cu(II)). 31183754 7 43 theme potential 1090:1098 arg1 reusability 1100:1110 potential reusability 1090:1110 potential reusability 1090:1110 The CRB composite also shows potential reusability. 31183754 4 44 contain has 606:608 arg2 uptake 618:623 maximum uptake 610:623 maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g 610:649 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 4 44 contain has 606:608 arg1 composite 596:604 the CRB composite 588:604 the CRB composite 588:604 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 3 45 theme CRB 469:471 arg1 composite 473:481 CRB composite 469:481 CRB composite 469:481 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 4 46 theme isotherm 572:579 arg1 model 581:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 0 47 theme Cu 62:63 arg1 ions 70:73 an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions 37:73 an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions 37:73 An environment-friendly composite as an adsorbent for removal Cu (II) ions. 31183754 3 48 theme adsorption 490:499 arg1 process 501:507 the adsorption process 486:507 the adsorption process 486:507 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 4 49 theme pseudo-second-order 708:726 arg1 model 728:732 the pseudo-second-order model 704:732 the pseudo-second-order model 704:732 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 31183754 3 50 theme composite 473:481 arg1 isotherm 434:441 isotherm 434:441 isotherm 434:441 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 3 50 theme composite 473:481 arg1 properties 455:464 kinetic properties 447:464 kinetic properties 447:464 A series of static adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the isotherm and kinetic properties of CRB composite in the adsorption process. 31183754 4 51 theme Langmuir 563:570 arg1 model 581:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 the Langmuir isotherm model 559:585 The adsorption equilibrium shows a good fit with the Langmuir isotherm model; the CRB composite has maximum uptake of Cu (II) of 412.70 mg/g; the kinetic adsorption data exhibit a good fit with the pseudo-second-order model. 30513470 5 0 theme inclusion 715:723 arg1 complex 725:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 13 1 theme broad 1883:1887 arg1 range 1889:1893 a broad range 1881:1893 a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1881:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 6 2 theme different 856:864 arg1 models 866:871 different models 856:871 different models 856:871 More importantly, different models are applied to different releasing durations to investigate in detail the release profile of DEX. 30513470 6 3 theme release 947:953 arg1 profile 955:961 the release profile 943:961 the release profile of DEX 943:968 More importantly, different models are applied to different releasing durations to investigate in detail the release profile of DEX. 30513470 4 4 theme water 618:622 arg1 solubility 624:633 water solubility 618:633 water solubility 618:633 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 5 5 theme DEX/nanosphere 700:713 arg1 complex 725:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 10 6 theme cytotoxicity 1410:1421 arg1 tests 1423:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 1401:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion 1401:1444 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 8 7 theme % 1182:1182 arg1 standard 1169:1176 standard 1169:1176 standard 1169:1176 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 13 8 theme formulation 1856:1866 arg1 platform 1868:1875 a promising formulation platform 1844:1875 a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1844:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 10 9 dep In 1401:1402 arg1 vitro 1404:1408 vitro 1404:1408 vitro 1404:1408 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 13 10 theme drug 1813:1816 arg1 system 1826:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 10 11 theme inclusion 1436:1444 arg1 tests 1423:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 1401:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion 1401:1444 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 1 12 theme graphene 223:230 arg1 GO-COOH 246:252 GO-COOH 246:252 GO-COOH 246:252 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 1 12 theme graphene 223:230 arg1 nanomaterial 232:243 carboxylated graphene nanomaterial 210:243 carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH) 210:253 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 2 13 dep Fourier 256:262 arg1 transform 264:272 transform 264:272 transform infrared spectroscopy 264:294 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that the two materials are successfully combined via chemical bonds. 30513470 4 14 dep efficiency 603:612 arg1 the 586:588 the 586:588 the 586:588 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 13 15 theme engineered 1791:1800 arg1 system 1826:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 7 16 theme release 1034:1040 arg1 mechanism 1042:1050 the release mechanism 1030:1050 the release mechanism of the drug delivery system 1030:1078 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 7 17 theme delivery 1064:1071 arg1 system 1073:1078 the drug delivery system 1055:1078 the drug delivery system 1055:1078 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 5 18 theme better 742:747 arg1 resistance 754:763 better heat resistance 742:763 better heat resistance 742:763 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 12 19 theme biomedical 1745:1754 arg1 function 1756:1763 the biomedical function 1741:1763 the biomedical function 1741:1763 Results corroborate that the drug anti-inflammation efficacy is not affected and that the biomedical function can be well retained. 30513470 3 20 theme crosslinking 385:396 arg1 agent 398:402 a crosslinking agent 383:402 a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde 383:420 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 7 21 theme release 988:994 arg1 model 1005:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 13 22 theme pharmaceutical 1922:1935 arg1 technology 1937:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 8 23 dep lower 1154:1158 arg1 % 1147:1147 0.44% 1143:1147 0.44% 1143:1147 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 0 24 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 system 30:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 8 25 theme hemolysis 1093:1101 arg1 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 8 25 theme hemolysis 1093:1101 arg1 rate 1103:1106 The highest hemolysis rate 1081:1106 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion 1081:1138 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 3 26 theme atomic 506:511 arg1 microscope 519:528 an atomic force microscope 503:528 an atomic force microscope 503:528 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 0 27 theme drug 17:20 arg1 system 30:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 9 28 theme normal 1366:1371 arg1 function 1391:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 Meanwhile, recalcification tests indicate that DEX/nanosphere retains the normal blood coagulation function. 30513470 1 29 theme novel 105:109 arg1 carrier 116:122 A novel drug carrier 103:122 A novel drug carrier 103:122 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 12 30 theme anti-inflammation 1689:1705 arg1 efficacy 1707:1714 the drug anti-inflammation efficacy 1680:1714 the drug anti-inflammation efficacy 1680:1714 Results corroborate that the drug anti-inflammation efficacy is not affected and that the biomedical function can be well retained. 30513470 3 31 theme composite 446:454 arg1 nanospheres 471:481 composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres 446:481 composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres 446:481 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 9 32 dep Meanwhile 1292:1300 arg1 recalcification 1303:1317 recalcification 1303:1317 recalcification 1303:1317 Meanwhile, recalcification tests indicate that DEX/nanosphere retains the normal blood coagulation function. 30513470 10 33 theme intravenous 1518:1528 arg1 applications 1530:1541 intravenous applications 1518:1541 intravenous applications with good blood compatibility 1518:1571 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 13 34 theme medicine 1910:1917 arg1 range 1889:1893 a broad range 1881:1893 a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1881:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 5 35 theme drug 821:824 arg1 processing 826:835 drug processing 821:835 drug processing 821:835 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 9 36 theme coagulation 1379:1389 arg1 function 1391:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 Meanwhile, recalcification tests indicate that DEX/nanosphere retains the normal blood coagulation function. 30513470 8 37 theme DEX/nanosphere 1115:1128 arg1 inclusion 1130:1138 the DEX/nanosphere inclusion 1111:1138 the DEX/nanosphere inclusion 1111:1138 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 6 38 theme releasing 898:906 arg1 durations 908:916 different releasing durations 888:916 different releasing durations 888:916 More importantly, different models are applied to different releasing durations to investigate in detail the release profile of DEX. 30513470 13 39 from medicine 1910:1917 arg1 technology 1937:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 4 40 theme model 570:574 arg1 Dexamethasone 531:543 Dexamethasone 531:543 Dexamethasone (DEX) 531:549 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 4 40 theme model 570:574 arg1 drug 576:579 the model drug 566:579 the model drug 566:579 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 10 41 theme blood 1553:1557 arg1 compatibility 1559:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 6 42 theme DEX 966:968 arg1 profile 955:961 the release profile 943:961 the release profile of DEX 943:968 More importantly, different models are applied to different releasing durations to investigate in detail the release profile of DEX. 30513470 5 43 theme desired 800:806 arg1 DEX 784:786 pure DEX 779:786 pure DEX 779:786 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 5 43 theme desired 800:806 arg1 property 808:815 a desired property 798:815 a desired property for drug processing 798:835 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 4 44 theme loading 595:601 arg1 efficiency 603:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 5 45 theme achieved 691:698 arg1 complex 725:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex 687:731 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 13 46 theme promising 1846:1854 arg1 platform 1868:1875 a promising formulation platform 1844:1875 a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1844:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 2 47 dep transform 264:272 arg1 infrared 274:281 infrared 274:281 transform infrared spectroscopy 264:294 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that the two materials are successfully combined via chemical bonds. 30513470 13 48 theme controlled 1802:1811 arg1 system 1826:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 10 49 contain have 1479:1482 arg1 nanospheres 1467:1477 the nanospheres 1463:1477 the nanospheres 1463:1477 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 10 49 contain have 1479:1482 arg2 toxicity 1487:1494 no toxicity 1484:1494 no toxicity 1484:1494 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 13 50 theme release 1818:1824 arg1 system 1826:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system 1787:1831 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 5 51 theme heat 749:752 arg1 resistance 754:763 better heat resistance 742:763 better heat resistance 742:763 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 11 52 theme DEX 1602:1604 arg1 bioactivity 1587:1597 the bioactivity 1583:1597 the bioactivity of DEX after release from the carriers 1583:1636 Finally, the bioactivity of DEX after release from the carriers is investigated. 30513470 1 53 theme carboxylated 210:221 arg1 GO-COOH 246:252 GO-COOH 246:252 GO-COOH 246:252 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 1 53 theme carboxylated 210:221 arg1 nanomaterial 232:243 carboxylated graphene nanomaterial 210:243 carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH) 210:253 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 11 54 from carriers 1629:1636 arg1 release 1612:1618 release 1612:1618 release from the carriers 1612:1636 Finally, the bioactivity of DEX after release from the carriers is investigated. 30513470 8 55 theme practical 1268:1276 arg1 applications 1278:1289 practical applications 1268:1289 practical applications 1268:1289 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 7 56 theme system 1073:1078 arg1 mechanism 1042:1050 the release mechanism 1030:1050 the release mechanism of the drug delivery system 1030:1078 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 1 57 theme drug 111:114 arg1 carrier 116:122 A novel drug carrier 103:122 A novel drug carrier 103:122 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 7 58 theme drug 1059:1062 arg1 system 1073:1078 the drug delivery system 1055:1078 the drug delivery system 1055:1078 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 10 59 with applications 1530:1541 arg1 compatibility 1559:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 0 60 theme carboxylic 82:91 arg1 graphene 93:100 carboxylic graphene 82:100 carboxylic graphene 82:100 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 9 61 theme Meanwhile 1292:1300 arg1 tests 1319:1323 Meanwhile, recalcification tests 1292:1323 Meanwhile, recalcification tests 1292:1323 Meanwhile, recalcification tests indicate that DEX/nanosphere retains the normal blood coagulation function. 30513470 8 62 from safety 1258:1263 arg1 applications 1278:1289 practical applications 1268:1289 practical applications 1268:1289 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 1 63 theme hydrophilic 154:164 arg1 HP-β-CD 197:203 HP-β-CD 197:203 HP-β-CD 197:203 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 1 63 theme hydrophilic 154:164 arg1 hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins 166:194 hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins 154:194 hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) 154:204 A novel drug carrier is constructed by compositing hydrophilic hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) and carboxylated graphene nanomaterial (GO-COOH). 30513470 5 64 theme pure 779:782 arg1 DEX 784:786 pure DEX 779:786 pure DEX 779:786 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 5 64 theme pure 779:782 arg1 property 808:815 a desired property 798:815 a desired property for drug processing 798:835 Additionally, the achieved DEX/nanosphere inclusion complex exhibits better heat resistance compared with pure DEX, which is a desired property for drug processing. 30513470 8 65 theme highest 1085:1091 arg1 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 8 65 theme highest 1085:1091 arg1 rate 1103:1106 The highest hemolysis rate 1081:1106 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion 1081:1138 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 7 66 theme kinetics 996:1003 arg1 model 1005:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 0 67 theme controlled 6:15 arg1 system 30:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 7 68 theme fitting 980:986 arg1 model 1005:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model 971:1009 The best fitting release kinetics model is given to reveal the release mechanism of the drug delivery system. 30513470 0 69 theme release 22:28 arg1 system 30:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system 0:35 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 3 70 theme glutaraldehyde 407:420 arg1 agent 398:402 a crosslinking agent 383:402 a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde 383:420 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 4 71 theme drug 590:593 arg1 efficiency 603:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 13 72 theme therapeutic 1898:1908 arg1 medicine 1910:1917 therapeutic medicine 1898:1917 therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1898:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 3 73 theme force 513:517 arg1 microscope 519:528 an atomic force microscope 503:528 an atomic force microscope 503:528 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 9 74 theme blood 1373:1377 arg1 function 1391:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 the normal blood coagulation function 1362:1398 Meanwhile, recalcification tests indicate that DEX/nanosphere retains the normal blood coagulation function. 30513470 8 75 theme inclusion 1130:1138 arg1 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 lower 1154:1158 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 8 75 theme inclusion 1130:1138 arg1 rate 1103:1106 The highest hemolysis rate 1081:1106 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion 1081:1138 The highest hemolysis rate of the DEX/nanosphere inclusion is 0.44%, far lower than the standard of 5% delivered by the American Society for Testing and Materials, ensuring its safety in practical applications. 30513470 12 76 theme drug 1684:1687 arg1 efficacy 1707:1714 the drug anti-inflammation efficacy 1680:1714 the drug anti-inflammation efficacy 1680:1714 Results corroborate that the drug anti-inflammation efficacy is not affected and that the biomedical function can be well retained. 30513470 3 77 theme GO-COO-HP-β-CD 456:469 arg1 nanospheres 471:481 composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres 446:481 composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres 446:481 Further, a crosslinking agent of glutaraldehyde is applied to fabricate composite GO-COO-HP-β-CD nanospheres, as demonstrated by an atomic force microscope. 30513470 0 78 theme inclusion 53:61 arg1 complexes 63:71 inclusion complexes 53:71 inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene 53:100 Novel controlled drug release system engineered with inclusion complexes based on carboxylic graphene. 30513470 6 79 theme different 888:896 arg1 durations 908:916 different releasing durations 888:916 different releasing durations 888:916 More importantly, different models are applied to different releasing durations to investigate in detail the release profile of DEX. 30513470 13 80 from range 1889:1893 arg1 technology 1937:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 pharmaceutical technology 1922:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 13 81 from technology 1937:1946 arg1 range 1889:1893 a broad range 1881:1893 a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology 1881:1946 The engineered controlled drug release system represents a promising formulation platform for a broad range of therapeutic medicine in pharmaceutical technology. 30513470 10 82 theme good 1548:1551 arg1 compatibility 1559:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 good blood compatibility 1548:1571 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 10 83 theme In 1401:1402 arg1 tests 1423:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 1401:1427 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion 1401:1444 In vitro cytotoxicity tests of the inclusion demonstrate that the nanospheres have no toxicity and are qualified for intravenous applications with good blood compatibility. 30513470 2 84 theme chemical 358:365 arg1 bonds 367:371 chemical bonds 358:371 chemical bonds 358:371 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that the two materials are successfully combined via chemical bonds. 30513470 4 85 theme nanospheres 642:652 arg1 efficiency 603:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 drug loading efficiency 590:612 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 30513470 4 85 theme nanospheres 642:652 arg1 solubility 624:633 water solubility 618:633 water solubility 618:633 Dexamethasone (DEX) is selected as the model drug, and the drug loading efficiency and water solubility of the nanospheres greatly increased. 29644514 3 0 theme Glc 726:728 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 4 1 contain contain 985:991 arg1 saccharides 966:976 type 2 saccharides 959:976 type 2 saccharides 959:976 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 4 1 contain contain 985:991 arg2 units 1009:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 3 2 dep difucosyl 844:852 arg1 Glc 839:841 Glc 839:841 Glc 839:841 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 2 dep difucosyl 844:852 arg1 α1-2 557:560 α1-2 557:560 α1-2 557:560 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 5 3 theme 1[Hex 1182:1186 arg1 Hex 1205:1207 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 3 4 theme milk 526:529 arg1 oligosaccharides 531:546 the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 509:546 the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 509:546 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 5 5 theme 8[HexNAc 1188:1195 arg1 Hex 1205:1207 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 4 6 theme Gal 993:995 arg1 units 1009:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 1 7 theme free 155:158 arg1 constituent 192:202 a minor constituent 184:202 a minor constituent 184:202 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 7 theme free 155:158 arg1 lactose 160:166 free lactose 155:166 free lactose 155:166 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 4 8 theme type 959:962 arg1 saccharides 966:976 type 2 saccharides 959:976 type 2 saccharides 959:976 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 5 9 theme [Neu5Ac 1174:1180 arg1 Hex 1205:1207 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 3 10 dep Gal 830:832 arg1 Fuc 596:598 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Fuc 596:598 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 0 11 theme raccoon 55:61 arg1 lotor 72:76 the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 51:77 the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 51:77 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 5 12 theme two 1064:1066 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 12 theme two 1064:1066 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 6 13 theme reducing 1363:1370 arg1 lactose 1372:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 13 theme reducing 1363:1370 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 0 14 theme Procyon 64:70 arg1 lotor 72:76 the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 51:77 the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 51:77 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 4 15 dep Gal 917:919 arg1 β1-3 921:924 β1-3 921:924 β1-3 921:924 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 4 16 theme GlcNAc 1002:1007 arg1 units 1009:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units 993:1013 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 6 17 link linked 1304:1309 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 17 link linked 1304:1309 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 2 18 theme MALDI-TOF 460:468 arg1 spectroscopies 475:488 MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 460:488 MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 460:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 5 19 theme 6[deoxy 1197:1203 arg1 Hex 1205:1207 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3 1174:1209 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 2 20 theme carbohydrate 342:353 arg1 fractions 355:363 the carbohydrate fractions 338:363 the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 338:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 2 21 theme raccoon 392:398 arg1 milk 400:403 raccoon milk 392:403 raccoon milk 392:403 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 1 22 dep raccoon 121:127 arg1 Procyonidae 130:140 Procyonidae 130:140 Procyonidae: Carnivora 130:151 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 0 23 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 structures 9:18 Chemical structures 0:18 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 0:78 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 1 24 from study 88:92 arg1 saccharides 102:112 milk saccharides 97:112 milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora) 97:152 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 6 25 theme non 1284:1286 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 25 theme non 1284:1286 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 5 26 theme 1[Hex 1112:1116 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 26 theme 1[Hex 1112:1116 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 1 27 theme neutral 223:229 arg1 oligosaccharides 242:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 lactose 1372:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg1 oligosaccharides 1225:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides 1212:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides 1212:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 α 1252:1252 α 1252:1252 α(2-3) 1252:1257 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 2-3 1254:1256 2-3 1254:1256 2-3 1254:1256 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 28 contain contained 1242:1250 arg2 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 2 29 theme chemical 415:422 arg1 structures 424:433 their chemical structures 409:433 their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 409:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 5 30 theme 6[HexNAc 1118:1125 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 30 theme 6[HexNAc 1118:1125 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 1 31 theme acidic 235:240 arg1 oligosaccharides 242:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 32 located found 172:176 arg1 study 88:92 this study 83:92 this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora) 83:152 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 32 located found 172:176 arg2 lactose 160:166 free lactose 155:166 free lactose 155:166 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 32 located found 172:176 arg2 constituent 192:202 a minor constituent 184:202 a minor constituent 184:202 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 5 33 theme oligosaccharides 1082:1097 arg1 oligosaccharides 1082:1097 the acidic oligosaccharides 1071:1097 the acidic oligosaccharides 1071:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 33 theme oligosaccharides 1082:1097 arg1 two 1064:1066 two 1064:1066 two 1064:1066 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 4 34 theme Gal 917:919 arg1 units 933:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 1 35 dep Procyonidae 130:140 arg1 Carnivora 143:151 Carnivora 143:151 Procyonidae: Carnivora 130:151 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 5 36 theme [Neu5Ac 1104:1110 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 36 theme [Neu5Ac 1104:1110 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 4 37 theme type 878:881 arg1 oligosaccharides 885:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 2 38 attach isolated 324:331 arg2 oligosaccharides 302:317 The milk oligosaccharides 293:317 The milk oligosaccharides 293:317 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 2 38 attach isolated 324:331 arg1 fractions 355:363 the carbohydrate fractions 338:363 the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 338:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 6 39 theme linked 1304:1309 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 39 theme linked 1304:1309 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 40 theme Gal 605:607 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 40 theme Gal 605:607 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 2 41 theme milk 297:300 arg1 oligosaccharides 302:317 The milk oligosaccharides 293:317 The milk oligosaccharides 293:317 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 1 42 theme minor 186:190 arg1 constituent 192:202 a minor constituent 184:202 a minor constituent 184:202 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 42 theme minor 186:190 arg1 lactose 160:166 free lactose 155:166 free lactose 155:166 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 5 43 theme 4[deoxy 1127:1133 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 43 theme 4[deoxy 1127:1133 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 3 44 theme α1-2 600:603 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 44 theme α1-2 600:603 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 45 theme para 739:742 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 46 theme α 1297:1297 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 46 theme α 1297:1297 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 47 theme GlcNAc 614:619 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 47 theme GlcNAc 614:619 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 48 theme α1-2 772:775 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 4 49 theme GlcNAc 926:931 arg1 units 933:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 3 50 theme neutral 518:524 arg1 oligosaccharides 531:546 the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 509:546 the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 509:546 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 51 theme difucosyl 844:852 arg1 structures 495:504 The structures 491:504 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 491:546 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 51 theme difucosyl 844:852 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 854:871 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose) 553:872 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose) 553:872 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 52 theme Fuc 768:770 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 53 theme β1-4 1346:1349 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 53 theme β1-4 1346:1349 arg1 GlcNAc 1351:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 54 theme Gal 626:628 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 54 theme Gal 626:628 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 55 dep GlcNAc 817:822 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 55 dep GlcNAc 817:822 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 56 dep α1-2 557:560 arg1 Fuc 553:555 Fuc 553:555 Fuc 553:555 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 56 dep α1-2 557:560 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 56 dep α1-2 557:560 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 57 theme acidic 1218:1223 arg1 oligosaccharides 1225:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides 1212:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides 1212:1240 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 58 theme Gal 1342:1344 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 58 theme Gal 1342:1344 arg1 GlcNAc 1351:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 59 theme β1-3 621:624 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 59 theme β1-3 621:624 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 4 60 contain contain 909:915 arg1 oligosaccharides 885:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 4 60 contain contain 909:915 arg2 units 933:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units 917:937 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 3 61 theme Glc 635:637 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 61 theme Glc 635:637 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 62 theme oligosaccharides 531:546 arg1 structures 495:504 The structures 491:504 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides 491:546 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 62 theme oligosaccharides 531:546 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 854:871 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose) 553:872 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose) 553:872 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 63 theme Gal 562:564 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 63 theme Gal 562:564 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 1 64 theme milk 97:100 arg1 saccharides 102:112 milk saccharides 97:112 milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora) 97:152 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 3 65 theme Gal 675:677 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 66 theme α 1262:1262 arg1 lactose 1372:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 66 theme α 1262:1262 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 66 theme α 1262:1262 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 66 theme α 1262:1262 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 67 theme lacto-N-fucopentaose 640:659 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 67 theme lacto-N-fucopentaose 640:659 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 0 68 theme lotor 72:76 arg1 milk 43:46 milk 43:46 milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 43:77 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 1 69 theme raccoon 121:127 arg1 saccharides 102:112 milk saccharides 97:112 milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora) 97:152 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 3 70 theme β1-3 691:694 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 2 71 theme structures 424:433 arg1 samples 381:387 four samples 376:387 four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 376:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 0 72 from structures 9:18 arg1 milk 43:46 milk 43:46 milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) 43:77 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 3 73 theme α1-2 670:673 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 74 theme Gal 777:779 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 75 theme GlcNAc 684:689 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 2 76 theme mass 470:473 arg1 spectroscopies 475:488 MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 460:488 MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 460:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 5 77 theme acidic 1075:1080 arg1 oligosaccharides 1082:1097 the acidic oligosaccharides 1071:1097 the acidic oligosaccharides 1071:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 3 78 theme Fuc 666:668 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 79 theme β1-3 793:796 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 5 80 theme monosaccharide 1033:1046 arg1 compositions 1048:1059 The monosaccharide compositions 1029:1059 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides 1029:1097 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 5 80 theme monosaccharide 1033:1046 arg1 Hex 1135:1137 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2 1104:1139 The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. 29644514 3 81 theme GlcNAc 786:791 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 82 theme Gal 696:698 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 83 theme reducing 1288:1295 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 83 theme reducing 1288:1295 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 0 84 theme oligosaccharides 23:38 arg1 structures 9:18 Chemical structures 0:18 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 0:78 Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor). 29644514 3 85 theme α1-2 803:806 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 86 theme β1-3 712:715 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 87 theme Glc 571:573 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 87 theme Glc 571:573 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 2 88 theme each 368:371 arg1 fractions 355:363 the carbohydrate fractions 338:363 the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 338:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 3 89 theme [Fuc 798:801 arg1 Gal 808:810 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 Gal 808:810 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 90 theme GlcNAc 705:710 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 91 theme linked 1269:1274 arg1 lactose 1372:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 91 theme linked 1269:1274 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 91 theme linked 1269:1274 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 91 theme linked 1269:1274 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 1 92 theme oligosaccharides 242:257 arg1 oligosaccharides 242:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 neutral and acidic oligosaccharides 223:257 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 1 92 theme oligosaccharides 242:257 arg1 variety 212:218 a variety 210:218 a variety 210:218 In this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. 29644514 2 93 theme milk 400:403 arg1 samples 381:387 four samples 376:387 four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies 376:488 The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. 29644514 4 94 theme I 883:883 arg1 oligosaccharides 885:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides 875:900 No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1-3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc units were present. 29644514 3 95 theme Gal 717:719 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 96 theme poly 1316:1319 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 96 theme poly 1316:1319 arg1 GlcNAc 1351:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc 1342:1356 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 96 theme poly 1316:1319 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 97 theme 2'-fucosyllactose 576:592 arg1 Gal 830:832 Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4) 562:838 Gal 830:832 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 3 97 theme 2'-fucosyllactose 576:592 arg1 GlcNAc 817:822 β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6) 630:828 GlcNAc 817:822 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 29644514 6 98 link linked 1269:1274 arg1 lactose 1372:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 reducing lactose 1363:1378 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 98 link linked 1269:1274 arg1 Fuc 1311:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc 1284:1313 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 98 link linked 1269:1274 arg1 N-acetyllactosamine 1321:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine 1316:1339 poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) 1316:1357 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 6 98 link linked 1269:1274 arg1 Neu5Ac 1276:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac 1262:1281 These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2-3) or α(2-6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1-2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. 29644514 3 99 theme fucosyl 731:737 arg1 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4) 666:816 lacto-N-neohexaose 744:761 The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Fuc(α1-2)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). 31575877 4 0 theme biological 941:950 arg1 property 952:959 depressed biological property 931:959 depressed biological property 931:959 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 5 1 theme biomedical 1193:1202 arg1 devices 1204:1210 other biomedical devices 1187:1210 other biomedical devices 1187:1210 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 1 2 theme poor 243:246 arg1 property 262:269 poor antibacterial property 243:269 poor antibacterial property 243:269 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 2 3 theme antibacterial 462:474 arg1 CS 495:496 CS 495:496 CS 495:496 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 3 theme antibacterial 462:474 arg1 agent 476:480 the antibacterial agent 458:480 the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) 458:497 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 4 theme hydroxyapatite 364:377 arg1 coating 384:390 micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating 343:390 micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating 343:390 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 1 5 theme antibacterial 248:260 arg1 property 262:269 poor antibacterial property 243:269 poor antibacterial property 243:269 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 3 6 theme SBF 663:665 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 4 7 theme increased 851:859 arg1 amount 864:869 the increased CS amount 847:869 the increased CS amount 847:869 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 2 8 theme biological 287:296 arg1 properties 316:325 the biological and antibacterial properties 283:325 the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants 283:340 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 4 9 theme coating 1015:1021 arg1 property 989:996 the antibacterial property 971:996 the antibacterial property of the composite coating 971:1021 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 4 10 theme depressed 931:939 arg1 property 952:959 depressed biological property 931:959 depressed biological property 931:959 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 1 11 theme used 141:144 arg1 material 154:161 the widely used implant material 130:161 the widely used implant material in clinic 130:171 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 1 11 theme used 141:144 arg1 Titanium 113:120 Titanium 113:120 Titanium (Ti) 113:125 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 3 12 from spreading 701:709 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 1 13 from material 154:161 arg1 clinic 166:171 clinic 166:171 clinic 166:171 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 3 14 theme improved 782:789 arg1 properties 820:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 15 theme enhanced 677:684 arg1 adhesion 691:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 16 theme biological 791:800 arg1 properties 820:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 4 17 theme coating 891:897 arg1 coverage 876:883 the coverage 872:883 the coverage of HA coating 872:897 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 4 18 theme antibacterial 975:987 arg1 property 989:996 the antibacterial property 971:996 the antibacterial property of the composite coating 971:1021 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 3 19 theme cell 686:689 arg1 adhesion 691:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 20 from proliferation 715:727 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 21 from formation 633:641 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 4 22 theme CS 861:862 arg1 amount 864:869 the increased CS amount 847:869 the increased CS amount 847:869 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 0 23 theme Biological 0:9 arg1 properties 29:38 Biological and antibacterial properties 0:38 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium 0:110 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium. 31575877 5 24 contain has 1131:1133 arg2 application 1145:1155 promising application 1135:1155 promising application 1135:1155 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 5 24 contain has 1131:1133 arg1 coating 1123:1129 the HA/CS coating 1113:1129 the HA/CS coating 1113:1129 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 3 25 from adhesion 691:698 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 2 26 theme HA 517:518 arg1 surface 520:526 the HA surface 513:526 the HA surface 513:526 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 27 theme antibacterial 302:314 arg1 properties 316:325 the biological and antibacterial properties 283:325 the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants 283:340 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 28 theme micro-arc 422:430 arg1 MAO 443:445 MAO 443:445 MAO 443:445 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 28 theme micro-arc 422:430 arg1 oxidation 432:440 micro-arc oxidation 422:440 micro-arc oxidation (MAO) 422:446 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 0 29 theme antibacterial 15:27 arg1 properties 29:38 Biological and antibacterial properties 0:38 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium 0:110 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium. 31575877 5 30 theme HA/CS 1117:1121 arg1 coating 1123:1129 the HA/CS coating 1113:1129 the HA/CS coating 1113:1129 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 4 31 located detected 1075:1082 arg2 cytotoxicity 1045:1056 the cytotoxicity 1041:1056 the cytotoxicity about CS 1041:1065 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 4 31 located detected 1075:1082 arg1 work 1092:1095 this work 1087:1095 this work 1087:1095 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 3 32 from layer 654:658 arg1 solution 667:674 SBF solution 663:674 SBF solution 663:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 5 33 theme promising 1135:1143 arg1 application 1145:1155 promising application 1135:1155 promising application 1135:1155 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 4 34 theme HA 888:889 arg1 coating 891:897 HA coating 888:897 HA coating 888:897 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 3 35 theme composite 599:607 arg1 coating 609:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 2 36 theme Ti 408:409 arg1 surface 411:417 Ti surface 408:417 Ti surface 408:417 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 0 37 theme hydroxyapatite/chitosan 68:90 arg1 properties 29:38 Biological and antibacterial properties 0:38 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium 0:110 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium. 31575877 2 38 theme micro-nanostructured 343:362 arg1 HA 380:381 HA 380:381 HA 380:381 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 38 theme micro-nanostructured 343:362 arg1 hydroxyapatite 364:377 micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite 343:377 micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating 343:390 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 0 39 theme micro-nanostructured 47:66 arg1 hydroxyapatite/chitosan 68:90 the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan 43:90 the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium 43:110 Biological and antibacterial properties of the micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite/chitosan coating on titanium. 31575877 2 40 theme dip-coating 536:546 arg1 method 548:553 dip-coating method 536:553 dip-coating method 536:553 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 3 41 theme apatite 646:652 arg1 layer 654:658 apatite layer 646:658 apatite layer in SBF solution 646:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 42 theme layer 654:658 arg1 proliferation 715:727 proliferation 715:727 proliferation 715:727 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 42 theme layer 654:658 arg1 spreading 701:709 spreading 701:709 spreading 701:709 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 42 theme layer 654:658 arg1 adhesion 691:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 42 theme layer 654:658 arg1 formation 633:641 the formation 629:641 the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution 629:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 43 theme obtained 584:591 arg1 coating 609:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 2 44 theme implants 333:340 arg1 properties 316:325 the biological and antibacterial properties 283:325 the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants 283:340 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 3 45 theme HA/CS 593:597 arg1 coating 609:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 the obtained HA/CS composite coating 580:615 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 2 46 theme Ti 330:331 arg1 implants 333:340 Ti implants 330:340 Ti implants 330:340 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 3 47 theme antibacterial 806:818 arg1 properties 820:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 improved biological and antibacterial properties 782:829 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 2 48 theme chitosan 485:492 arg1 CS 495:496 CS 495:496 CS 495:496 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 2 48 theme chitosan 485:492 arg1 agent 476:480 the antibacterial agent 458:480 the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) 458:497 To improve the biological and antibacterial properties of Ti implants, micro-nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) coating was prepared on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO), and then the antibacterial agent of chitosan (CS) was loaded on the HA surface through dip-coating method. 31575877 5 49 theme other 1187:1191 arg1 devices 1204:1210 other biomedical devices 1187:1210 other biomedical devices 1187:1210 In conclusion, the HA/CS coating has promising application in orthopedics, dentistry and other biomedical devices. 31575877 1 50 theme implant 146:152 arg1 material 154:161 the widely used implant material 130:161 the widely used implant material in clinic 130:171 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 1 50 theme implant 146:152 arg1 Titanium 113:120 Titanium 113:120 Titanium (Ti) 113:125 Titanium (Ti) is the widely used implant material in clinic, however, failures still frequently occur due to its bioinertness and poor antibacterial property. 31575877 3 51 from solution 667:674 arg1 proliferation 715:727 proliferation 715:727 proliferation 715:727 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 51 from solution 667:674 arg1 spreading 701:709 spreading 701:709 spreading 701:709 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 51 from solution 667:674 arg1 adhesion 691:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 enhanced cell adhesion 677:698 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 3 51 from solution 667:674 arg1 formation 633:641 the formation 629:641 the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution 629:674 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 31575877 4 52 theme composite 1005:1013 arg1 coating 1015:1021 the composite coating 1001:1021 the composite coating 1001:1021 Although, with the increased CS amount, the coverage of HA coating would be enlarged, resulting in depressed biological property, however, the antibacterial property of the composite coating was enhanced, and the cytotoxicity about CS was not detected in this work. 31575877 3 53 theme bacterial 756:764 arg1 growth 766:771 the bacterial growth 752:771 the bacterial growth 752:771 The results showed that the obtained HA/CS composite coating accelerated the formation of apatite layer in SBF solution, enhanced cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation, and it also inhibited the bacterial growth, showing improved biological and antibacterial properties. 30472268 0 0 theme complex 82:88 arg1 properties 42:51 properties 42:51 properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato 42:99 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 6 1 contain had 744:746 arg1 sample 737:742 PD sample 734:742 PD sample 734:742 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 6 1 contain had 744:746 arg2 rate 780:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 7 2 theme water 1042:1046 arg1 permeability 1055:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 3 theme moisture 909:916 arg1 permeability 918:929 lower moisture permeability 903:929 lower moisture permeability 903:929 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 1 4 theme methods 156:162 arg1 effects 125:131 The effects 121:131 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films 121:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 7 5 theme composite 824:832 arg1 films 834:838 PS-LA composite films 818:838 PS-LA composite films 818:838 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 0 6 theme acid 77:80 arg1 complex 82:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 7 7 theme vapour 1048:1053 arg1 permeability 1055:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 8 theme lowest 1035:1040 arg1 permeability 1055:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 0 9 theme potato 94:99 arg1 properties 42:51 properties 42:51 properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato 42:99 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 0 10 from Effects 0:6 arg1 properties 42:51 properties 42:51 properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato 42:99 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 2 11 theme PS-lauric 279:287 arg1 LA 295:296 LA 295:296 LA 295:296 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 2 11 theme PS-lauric 279:287 arg1 acid 289:292 PS-lauric acid 279:292 PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes 279:307 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 4 12 theme PD 583:584 arg1 sample 586:591 the PD sample 579:591 the PD sample 579:591 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 5 13 theme melting 642:648 arg1 △H 662:663 △H 662:663 △H 662:663 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 5 13 theme melting 642:648 arg1 higher 701:706 higher 701:706 higher 701:706 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 5 13 theme melting 642:648 arg1 enthalpies 650:659 The melting enthalpies 638:659 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples 638:694 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 7 14 theme at 889:890 arg1 break 892:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 2 15 theme pullulanase 329:339 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 2 16 theme complexes 299:307 arg1 indices 268:274 The complexing indices 253:274 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes 253:307 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 5 17 theme PD 685:686 arg1 samples 688:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 7 18 theme tensile 1014:1020 arg1 strength 1022:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 3 19 theme Light 432:436 arg1 microscopy 438:447 Light microscopy 432:447 Light microscopy 432:447 Light microscopy showed that PS-LA complexes exhibited irregularly shaped fragments. 30472268 2 20 theme treatment 371:379 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 5 21 theme samples 688:694 arg1 △H 662:663 △H 662:663 △H 662:663 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 5 21 theme samples 688:694 arg1 higher 701:706 higher 701:706 higher 701:706 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 5 21 theme samples 688:694 arg1 enthalpies 650:659 The melting enthalpies 638:659 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples 638:694 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 1 22 from effects 125:131 arg1 properties 187:196 the physicochemical properties 167:196 the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films 167:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 2 23 theme complexing 257:266 arg1 indices 268:274 The complexing indices 253:274 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes 253:307 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 2 24 theme  > ultrasound 357:369 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 2 25 theme DSH 416:418 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 3 26 theme shaped 499:504 arg1 fragments 506:514 irregularly shaped fragments 487:514 irregularly shaped fragments 487:514 Light microscopy showed that PS-LA complexes exhibited irregularly shaped fragments. 30472268 7 27 theme elongation 878:887 arg1 break 892:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 28 theme highest 1006:1012 arg1 strength 1022:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 2 29 theme PD 354:355 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 0 30 theme treatment 21:29 arg1 methods 31:37 different treatment methods 11:37 different treatment methods 11:37 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 6 31 theme PD 734:735 arg1 sample 737:742 PD sample 734:742 PD sample 734:742 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 2 32 dep order 322:326 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 1 33 theme potato 201:206 arg1 starch 208:213 potato starch 201:213 potato starch (PS) 201:218 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 1 33 theme potato 201:206 arg1 PS 216:217 PS 216:217 PS 216:217 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 0 34 theme different 11:19 arg1 methods 31:37 different treatment methods 11:37 different treatment methods 11:37 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 4 35 theme diffraction 554:564 arg1 intensity 566:574 the diffraction intensity 550:574 the diffraction intensity of the PD sample 550:591 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 4 35 theme diffraction 554:564 arg1 stronger 597:604 stronger 597:604 stronger 597:604 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 7 36 theme native 936:941 arg1 film 956:959 native starch-based film 936:959 native starch-based film 936:959 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 6 37 theme tested 802:807 arg1 samples 809:815 the tested samples 798:815 the tested samples 798:815 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 2 38 theme acid 289:292 arg1 complexes 299:307 PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes 279:307 PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes 279:307 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 7 39 contain had 998:1000 arg1 films 970:974 the films 966:974 the films prepared by PD method 966:996 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 39 contain had 998:1000 arg2 permeability 1055:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 lowest water vapour permeability 1035:1066 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 39 contain had 998:1000 arg2 strength 1022:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 the highest tensile strength 1002:1029 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 1 40 theme starch 208:213 arg1 properties 187:196 the physicochemical properties 167:196 the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films 167:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 5 41 theme DSH 673:675 arg1 samples 688:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 4 42 theme other 623:627 arg1 samples 629:635 the other samples 619:635 the other samples 619:635 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 2 43 theme UT 382:383 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 0 44 theme methods 31:37 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato 0:99 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 7 45 theme PD 988:989 arg1 method 991:996 PD method 988:996 PD method 988:996 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 2 46 theme heating 407:413 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 7 47 from break 892:896 arg1 elongation 878:887 lower elongation at break 872:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 47 from break 892:896 arg1 at 889:890 lower elongation at break 872:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 5 48 theme UT 678:679 arg1 samples 688:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 the DSH, UT and PD samples 669:694 The melting enthalpies (△H) of the DSH, UT and PD samples were higher than that of the Control. 30472268 7 49 theme tested 1085:1090 arg1 films 1092:1096 the tested films 1081:1096 the tested films 1081:1096 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 3 50 theme PS-LA 461:465 arg1 complexes 467:475 PS-LA complexes 461:475 PS-LA complexes 461:475 Light microscopy showed that PS-LA complexes exhibited irregularly shaped fragments. 30472268 7 51 theme higher 847:852 arg1 strength 862:869 higher tensile strength 847:869 higher tensile strength 847:869 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 4 52 theme X-ray 517:521 arg1 diffraction 523:533 X-ray diffraction 517:533 X-ray diffraction 517:533 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 7 53 theme lower 872:876 arg1 break 892:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 lower elongation at break 872:896 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 54 theme starch-based 943:954 arg1 film 956:959 native starch-based film 936:959 native starch-based film 936:959 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 7 55 theme tensile 854:860 arg1 strength 862:869 higher tensile strength 847:869 higher tensile strength 847:869 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 6 56 theme enzymatic-hydrolysis 759:778 arg1 rate 780:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 1 57 theme treatment 146:154 arg1 methods 156:162 different treatment methods 136:162 different treatment methods 136:162 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 4 58 theme sample 586:591 arg1 intensity 566:574 the diffraction intensity 550:574 the diffraction intensity of the PD sample 550:591 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 4 58 theme sample 586:591 arg1 stronger 597:604 stronger 597:604 stronger 597:604 X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction intensity of the PD sample was stronger than that of the other samples. 30472268 0 59 theme starch-lauric 63:75 arg1 complex 82:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 6 60 theme lowest 752:757 arg1 rate 780:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate 748:783 PD sample had the lowest enzymatic-hydrolysis rate among all of the tested samples. 30472268 2 61 theme  > dimethyl 385:395 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 1 62 theme different 136:144 arg1 methods 156:162 different treatment methods 136:162 different treatment methods 136:162 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 1 63 theme physicochemical 171:185 arg1 properties 187:196 the physicochemical properties 167:196 the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films 167:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 1 64 theme PS-based 224:231 arg1 films 233:237 PS-based films 224:237 PS-based films 224:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 30472268 0 65 theme potato 56:61 arg1 complex 82:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 potato starch-lauric acid complex 56:88 Effects of different treatment methods on properties of potato starch-lauric acid complex and potato starch-based films. 30472268 2 66 theme sulfoxide 397:405 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 7 67 theme lower 903:907 arg1 permeability 918:929 lower moisture permeability 903:929 lower moisture permeability 903:929 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 2 68 theme debranching 341:351 arg1  > Control 420:429 pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 329:429 the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control 318:429 The complexing indices of PS-lauric acid (LA) complexes followed the order: pullulanase debranching (PD) > ultrasound treatment (UT) > dimethyl sulfoxide heating (DSH) > Control. 30472268 7 69 theme PS-LA 818:822 arg1 films 834:838 PS-LA composite films 818:838 PS-LA composite films 818:838 PS-LA composite films showed higher tensile strength, lower elongation at break, and lower moisture permeability than native starch-based film, and the films prepared by PD method had the highest tensile strength and lowest water vapour permeability among all of the tested films. 30472268 1 70 theme films 233:237 arg1 properties 187:196 the physicochemical properties 167:196 the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films 167:237 The effects of different treatment methods on the physicochemical properties of potato starch (PS) and PS-based films were studied. 31348340 9 0 theme Skin 1481:1484 arg1 thickness 1486:1494 Skin thickness 1481:1494 Skin thickness 1481:1494 Skin thickness did not vary significantly across the eyelid. 31348340 11 1 theme discoloration 1816:1828 arg1 location 1799:1806 the stereotypical location 1781:1806 the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection 1781:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 11 2 theme acid 1864:1867 arg1 injection 1876:1884 hyaluronic acid filler injection 1853:1884 hyaluronic acid filler injection 1853:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 5 3 theme area 839:842 arg1 Measurements 812:823 Measurements 812:823 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat 812:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 7 4 dep lateral 1187:1193 arg1 mm 1200:1201 9.4 mm 1196:1201 9.4 mm; 21.8 percent 1196:1215 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 0 5 theme Acid 130:133 arg1 Injection 135:143 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 119:143 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 119:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 2 6 theme junction 516:523 arg1 volume 481:486 the volume 477:486 the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction 477:523 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 7 7 theme medial 1268:1273 arg1 eyelid 1299:1304 the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid 1264:1304 the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01) 1264:1315 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 7 7 theme medial 1268:1273 arg1 < 1309:1309 p < 0.01 1307:1314 p < 0.01 1307:1314 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 3 8 theme subjects 570:577 arg1 study 558:562 an observational cohort study 534:562 an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality 534:654 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 3 8 theme subjects 570:577 arg1 This 526:529 This 526:529 This 526:529 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 4 9 theme coil 680:683 arg1 resonance 694:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance 657:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit 657:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 1 10 from area 243:246 arg1 millimeters 259:269 square millimeters 252:269 square millimeters 252:269 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 5 11 theme lateral 979:985 arg1 center 959:964 the center 955:964 the center 955:964 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 5 11 theme lateral 979:985 arg1 regions 994:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 5 12 theme skin 875:878 arg1 Measurements 812:823 Measurements 812:823 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat 812:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 8 13 theme inverse 1322:1328 arg1 pattern 1330:1336 The inverse pattern 1318:1336 The inverse pattern 1318:1336 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 0 14 theme Cutaneous 69:77 arg1 Discoloration 79:91 Blue Cutaneous Discoloration 64:91 Blue Cutaneous Discoloration 64:91 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 11 15 theme stereotypical 1785:1797 arg1 location 1799:1806 the stereotypical location 1781:1806 the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection 1781:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 7 16 dep mm 1281:1282 arg1 percent 1290:1296 47.0 percent 1285:1296 18.5 mm; 47.0 percent 1276:1296 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 2 17 theme types 468:472 arg1 contribution 445:456 the relative contribution 432:456 the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction 432:523 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 0 18 from Composition 28:38 arg1 Eyelid 106:111 the Lower Eyelid 96:111 the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection 96:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 4 19 theme Quasi-sagittal 657:670 arg1 resonance 694:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance 657:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit 657:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 0 20 theme Lower 100:104 arg1 Eyelid 106:111 the Lower Eyelid 96:111 the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection 96:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 8 21 dep lateral 1451:1457 arg1 medial 1462:1467 medial 1462:1467 medial 1462:1467 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 8 21 dep lateral 1451:1457 arg1 to 1459:1460 to 1459:1460 to 1459:1460 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 8 21 dep lateral 1451:1457 arg1 p 1470:1470 p < 0.01 1470:1477 p < 0.01 1470:1477 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 4 22 theme magnetic 685:692 arg1 resonance 694:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance 657:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit 657:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 4 23 theme long 744:747 arg1 axis 749:752 the long axis 740:752 the long axis of each orbit 740:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 7 24 theme cross-sectional 1077:1091 arg1 area 1093:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 5 25 theme postorbicularis 918:932 arg1 fat 934:936 postorbicularis fat 918:936 postorbicularis fat 918:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 8 26 theme postorbicularis 1376:1390 arg1 each 1397:1400 each 1397:1400 each 1397:1400 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 8 26 theme postorbicularis 1376:1390 arg1 fat 1392:1394 postorbicularis fat 1376:1394 postorbicularis fat 1376:1394 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 0 27 theme Cross-Sectional 0:14 arg1 Composition 28:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 5 28 theme preorbicularis 881:894 arg1 fat 896:898 preorbicularis fat 881:898 preorbicularis fat 881:898 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 11 29 theme anatomical 1738:1747 arg1 progression 1749:1759 This anatomical progression 1733:1759 This anatomical progression 1733:1759 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 7 30 theme total 1116:1120 arg1 segment 1122:1128 total segment 1116:1128 total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle 1116:1166 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 2 31 theme relative 436:443 arg1 contribution 445:456 the relative contribution 432:456 the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction 432:523 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 1 32 dep preauricularis 350:363 arg1 the 346:348 the 346:348 the 346:348 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 4 33 theme central 789:795 arg1 fixation 802:809 central gaze fixation 789:809 central gaze fixation 789:809 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 8 34 from preorbicularis 1357:1370 arg1 millimeters 1433:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 5 35 theme medial 967:972 arg1 center 959:964 the center 955:964 the center 955:964 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 5 35 theme medial 967:972 arg1 regions 994:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 3 36 theme surgery 633:639 arg1 history 599:605 a history 597:605 a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality 597:654 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 8 37 theme < 1472:1472 arg1 p 1470:1470 p < 0.01 1470:1477 p < 0.01 1470:1477 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 4 38 theme orbit 762:766 arg1 axis 749:752 the long axis 740:752 the long axis of each orbit 740:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 10 39 theme soft-tissue 1546:1556 arg1 composition 1558:1568 The soft-tissue composition 1542:1568 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid 1542:1582 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 1 40 theme orbicularis 231:241 arg1 greatest 275:282 greatest 275:282 greatest 275:282 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 1 40 theme orbicularis 231:241 arg1 area 243:246 the orbicularis area 227:246 the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) 227:270 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 7 41 dep central 1225:1231 arg1 mm 1239:1240 14.1 mm 1234:1240 14.1 mm; 35.0 percent 1234:1254 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 10 42 dep preorbicularis 1693:1706 arg1 the 1689:1691 the 1689:1691 the 1689:1691 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 10 43 theme postorbicularis 1712:1726 arg1 fat 1728:1730 postorbicularis fat 1712:1730 postorbicularis fat 1712:1730 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 6 44 theme tissue 1018:1023 arg1 area 1025:1028 tissue area 1018:1028 tissue area 1018:1028 Differences in tissue area across the eyelid were assessed. 31348340 3 45 theme abnormality 644:654 arg1 history 599:605 a history 597:605 a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality 597:654 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 10 46 theme eyelid 1577:1582 arg1 composition 1558:1568 The soft-tissue composition 1542:1568 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid 1542:1582 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 1 47 theme square 252:257 arg1 millimeters 259:269 square millimeters 252:269 square millimeters 252:269 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 11 48 theme hyaluronic 1853:1862 arg1 acid 1864:1867 hyaluronic acid 1853:1867 hyaluronic acid filler injection 1853:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 6 49 from Differences 1003:1013 arg1 area 1025:1028 tissue area 1018:1028 tissue area 1018:1028 Differences in tissue area across the eyelid were assessed. 31348340 11 50 theme blue 1811:1814 arg1 discoloration 1816:1828 blue discoloration 1811:1828 blue discoloration 1811:1828 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 1 51 theme eyelid 181:186 arg1 composition 162:172 The soft-tissue composition 146:172 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid 146:186 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 7 52 theme segmental 1067:1075 arg1 area 1093:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 7 53 theme p 1307:1307 arg1 eyelid 1299:1304 the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid 1264:1304 the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01) 1264:1315 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 7 53 theme p 1307:1307 arg1 < 1309:1309 p < 0.01 1307:1314 p < 0.01 1307:1314 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 4 54 theme gaze 797:800 arg1 fixation 802:809 central gaze fixation 789:809 central gaze fixation 789:809 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 11 55 from location 1799:1806 arg1 patients 1838:1845 some patients 1833:1845 some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection 1833:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 3 56 theme observational 537:549 arg1 study 558:562 an observational cohort study 534:562 an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality 534:654 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 3 56 theme observational 537:549 arg1 This 526:529 This 526:529 This 526:529 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 5 57 theme tissue 832:837 arg1 area 839:842 the tissue area 828:842 the tissue area 828:842 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 3 58 theme cohort 551:556 arg1 study 558:562 an observational cohort study 534:562 an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality 534:654 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 3 58 theme cohort 551:556 arg1 This 526:529 This 526:529 This 526:529 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 1 59 theme postorbicularis 369:383 arg1 fat 385:387 postorbicularis fat 369:387 postorbicularis fat 369:387 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 2 60 theme eyelid-midface 501:514 arg1 junction 516:523 the lower eyelid-midface junction 491:523 the lower eyelid-midface junction 491:523 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 5 61 from Measurements 812:823 arg1 millimeters 855:865 square millimeters 848:865 square millimeters 848:865 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 4 62 theme surface 672:678 arg1 resonance 694:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance 657:702 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit 657:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 7 63 dep eyelid 1299:1304 arg1 mm 1281:1282 18.5 mm 1276:1282 18.5 mm; 47.0 percent 1276:1296 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 7 64 dep mm 1200:1201 arg1 percent 1209:1215 21.8 percent 1204:1215 9.4 mm; 21.8 percent 1196:1215 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 10 65 dep lateral 1596:1602 arg1 medial 1607:1612 medial 1607:1612 medial 1607:1612 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 10 65 dep lateral 1596:1602 arg1 to 1604:1605 to 1604:1605 to 1604:1605 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial in that the orbicularis increases in area, whereas the reverse is true for the preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 0 66 theme Discoloration 79:91 arg1 Composition 28:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 0 66 theme Discoloration 79:91 arg1 Distribution 48:59 the Distribution 44:59 the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection 44:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 5 67 theme eyelid 987:992 arg1 center 959:964 the center 955:964 the center 955:964 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 5 67 theme eyelid 987:992 arg1 regions 994:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 medial, and lateral eyelid regions 967:1000 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 1 68 theme soft-tissue 150:160 arg1 composition 162:172 The soft-tissue composition 146:172 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid 146:186 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 1 69 dep greatest 275:282 arg1 whereas 314:320 whereas 314:320 whereas 314:320 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 7 70 theme orbicularis 1149:1159 arg1 muscle 1161:1166 the orbicularis muscle 1145:1166 the orbicularis muscle 1145:1166 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 5 71 theme square 848:853 arg1 millimeters 855:865 square millimeters 848:865 square millimeters 848:865 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 2 72 theme tissue 461:466 arg1 types 468:472 tissue types 461:472 tissue types 461:472 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 5 73 theme orbicularis 901:911 arg1 Measurements 812:823 Measurements 812:823 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat 812:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 4 74 theme parallel 728:735 arg1 planes 721:726 planes 721:726 planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit 721:766 Quasi-sagittal surface coil magnetic resonance imaging scans in planes parallel to the long axis of each orbit were obtained during central gaze fixation. 31348340 0 75 theme Hyaluronic 119:128 arg1 Injection 135:143 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 119:143 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 119:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 0 76 from Distribution 48:59 arg1 Eyelid 106:111 the Lower Eyelid 96:111 the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection 96:143 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 7 77 theme segment 1122:1128 arg1 percentage 1102:1111 percentage 1102:1111 percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle 1102:1166 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 7 77 theme segment 1122:1128 arg1 area 1093:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area 1063:1096 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 0 78 theme Soft-Tissue 16:26 arg1 Composition 28:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition 0:38 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 11 79 theme filler 1869:1874 arg1 injection 1876:1884 hyaluronic acid filler injection 1853:1884 hyaluronic acid filler injection 1853:1884 This anatomical progression may help to explain the stereotypical location of blue discoloration in some patients after hyaluronic acid filler injection. 31348340 5 80 theme fat 896:898 arg1 Measurements 812:823 Measurements 812:823 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat 812:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 2 81 theme study 410:414 arg1 purpose 394:400 The purpose 390:400 The purpose of this study 390:414 The purpose of this study was to describe the relative contribution of tissue types to the volume of the lower eyelid-midface junction. 31348340 8 82 from fat 1392:1394 arg1 millimeters 1433:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 1 83 dep lateral 200:206 arg1 medial 211:216 medial 211:216 medial 211:216 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 1 83 dep lateral 200:206 arg1 to 208:209 to 208:209 to 208:209 The soft-tissue composition of the eyelid varies from lateral to medial, in that the orbicularis area (in square millimeters) is greatest medially and least laterally, whereas the reverse is true for the preauricularis and postorbicularis fat. 31348340 0 84 theme Blue 64:67 arg1 Discoloration 79:91 Blue Cutaneous Discoloration 64:91 Blue Cutaneous Discoloration 64:91 Cross-Sectional Soft-Tissue Composition and the Distribution of Blue Cutaneous Discoloration in the Lower Eyelid after Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 31348340 7 85 dep mm 1239:1240 arg1 percent 1248:1254 35.0 percent 1243:1254 14.1 mm; 35.0 percent 1234:1254 The segmental cross-sectional area and percentage of total segment represented by the orbicularis muscle increased from the lateral (9.4 mm; 21.8 percent) to the central (14.1 mm; 35.0 percent) and to the medial (18.5 mm; 47.0 percent) eyelid (p < 0.01). 31348340 8 86 theme square 1426:1431 arg1 millimeters 1433:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 square millimeters 1426:1443 The inverse pattern was noted for both preorbicularis and postorbicularis fat, each occupying less area (in square millimeters) from lateral to medial (p < 0.01). 31348340 3 87 theme periorbital 621:631 arg1 surgery 633:639 orbital or periorbital surgery 610:639 orbital or periorbital surgery 610:639 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 31348340 5 88 theme fat 934:936 arg1 Measurements 812:823 Measurements 812:823 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat 812:936 Measurements of the tissue area (in square millimeters) of the skin, preorbicularis fat, orbicularis, and postorbicularis fat were obtained in the center, medial, and lateral eyelid regions. 31348340 3 89 theme orbital 610:616 arg1 surgery 633:639 orbital or periorbital surgery 610:639 orbital or periorbital surgery 610:639 This is an observational cohort study of 11 subjects (20 eyes) without a history of orbital or periorbital surgery or abnormality. 30676689 2 0 theme wt 481:482 arg1 % 484:484 20 wt % 478:484 BCP; 20 wt % 473:484 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 3 1 theme contents 673:680 arg1 μm 659:660 50 to 1000 μm 648:660 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production 648:834 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 6 2 theme fabricated 1251:1260 arg1 microspheres 1262:1273 fabricated microspheres 1251:1273 fabricated microspheres 1251:1273 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 2 3 theme first 382:386 arg1 time 388:391 the first time 378:391 the first time 378:391 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 3 4 theme large 813:817 arg1 production 825:834 large scale production 813:834 large scale production 813:834 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 1 5 theme ceramics/glasses 269:284 arg1 combinations 216:227 suitable combinations 207:227 suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses 207:284 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 6 6 theme cell 1355:1358 arg1 migration 1360:1368 host cell migration 1350:1368 host cell migration 1350:1368 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 5 7 theme composite 1050:1058 arg1 microspheres 1060:1071 the composite microspheres 1046:1071 the composite microspheres 1046:1071 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 2 8 dep phosphate 462:470 arg1 BCP 473:475 BCP 473:475 BCP; 20 wt % 473:484 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 6 9 dep in 1218:1219 arg1 vivo 1221:1224 vivo 1221:1224 vivo 1221:1224 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 5 10 theme Ca 1023:1024 arg1 ions 1029:1032 Ca 2+ ions 1023:1032 Ca 2+ ions 1023:1032 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 6 11 theme new 1448:1450 arg1 formation 1457:1465 new bone formation 1448:1465 new bone formation 1448:1465 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 5 12 theme rapid 1004:1008 arg1 diffusion 1010:1018 The rapid diffusion 1000:1018 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix 1000:1094 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 2 13 theme dehydrate 507:515 arg1 combination 430:440 combination 430:440 combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 430:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 5 14 theme microspheres 1060:1071 arg1 CSD 1039:1041 CSD 1039:1041 CSD of the composite microspheres 1039:1071 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 2 15 theme composite 337:345 arg1 microspheres 347:358 composite microspheres 337:358 composite microspheres 337:358 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 1 16 theme bone 290:293 arg1 engineering 302:312 bone tissue engineering 290:312 bone tissue engineering 290:312 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 2 17 theme sulfate 499:505 arg1 dehydrate 507:515 calcium sulfate dehydrate 491:515 calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 491:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 5 18 theme 2+ 1026:1027 arg1 ions 1029:1032 Ca 2+ ions 1023:1032 Ca 2+ ions 1023:1032 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 2 19 dep BCP 473:475 arg1 % 484:484 20 wt % 478:484 BCP; 20 wt % 473:484 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 7 20 theme developed 1472:1480 arg1 microspheres 1492:1503 The developed composite microspheres 1468:1503 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach 1468:1523 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 7 21 with microspheres 1492:1503 arg1 approach 1516:1523 novel approach 1510:1523 novel approach 1510:1523 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 1 22 theme tissue 295:300 arg1 engineering 302:312 bone tissue engineering 290:312 bone tissue engineering 290:312 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 2 23 theme calcium 491:497 arg1 dehydrate 507:515 calcium sulfate dehydrate 491:515 calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 491:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 3 24 theme BCP-CSD 665:671 arg1 contents 673:680 BCP-CSD contents 665:680 BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production 665:834 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 6 25 theme in 1218:1219 arg1 result 1226:1231 in vivo result 1218:1231 in vivo result 1218:1231 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 6 26 theme bone 1452:1455 arg1 formation 1457:1465 new bone formation 1448:1465 new bone formation 1448:1465 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 2 27 theme wt 407:408 arg1 enforcement 413:423 agarose (1 wt %) enforcement 396:423 agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 396:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 2 27 theme wt 407:408 arg1 % 410:410 1 wt % 405:410 1 wt % 405:410 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 2 28 theme phosphate 462:470 arg1 combination 430:440 combination 430:440 combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 430:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 5 29 from CSD 1039:1041 arg1 diffusion 1010:1018 The rapid diffusion 1000:1018 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix 1000:1094 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 3 30 theme scale 819:823 arg1 production 825:834 large scale production 813:834 large scale production 813:834 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 2 31 theme calcium 454:460 arg1 phosphate 462:470 biphasic calcium phosphate 445:470 biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) 445:485 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 2 32 with enforcement 413:423 arg1 combination 430:440 combination 430:440 combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 430:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 2 33 theme bone 557:560 arg1 regeneration 562:573 bone regeneration 557:573 bone regeneration 557:573 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 1 34 theme Composite 97:105 arg1 microspheres 107:118 Composite microspheres 97:118 Composite microspheres 97:118 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 5 35 theme ions 1029:1032 arg1 diffusion 1010:1018 The rapid diffusion 1000:1018 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix 1000:1094 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 1 36 theme sound 187:191 arg1 scaffold 193:200 a sound scaffold 185:200 a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering 185:312 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 2 37 theme biphasic 445:452 arg1 phosphate 462:470 biphasic calcium phosphate 445:470 biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) 445:485 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 4 38 theme composite 870:878 arg1 microspheres 880:891 the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres 850:891 the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres 850:891 Furthermore, the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres were tested in in vitro and in vivo for bone-forming properties in order to assess their biocompatibility. 30676689 6 39 dep occurred 1370:1377 arg1 guided 1438:1443 guided 1438:1443 guided to new bone formation 1438:1465 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 7 40 theme composite 1482:1490 arg1 microspheres 1492:1503 The developed composite microspheres 1468:1503 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach 1468:1523 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 3 41 theme agarose 730:736 arg1 matrix 738:743 agarose matrix 730:743 agarose matrix 730:743 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 2 42 theme agarose 396:402 arg1 enforcement 413:423 agarose (1 wt %) enforcement 396:423 agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %) 396:530 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 2 42 theme agarose 396:402 arg1 % 410:410 1 wt % 405:410 1 wt % 405:410 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 9 43 theme Part 1631:1634 arg1 B 1636:1636 Part B 1631:1636 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 1612:1674 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 30676689 6 44 theme cell 1326:1329 arg1 proliferation 1331:1343 fibroblast cell proliferation 1315:1343 fibroblast cell proliferation 1315:1343 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 5 45 with interactivity 1118:1130 arg1 microenvironment 1137:1152 microenvironment 1137:1152 microenvironment 1137:1152 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 7 46 contain have 1531:1534 arg1 microspheres 1492:1503 The developed composite microspheres 1468:1503 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach 1468:1523 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 7 46 contain have 1531:1534 arg2 potential 1536:1544 potential 1536:1544 potential 1536:1544 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 6 47 dep promoted 1275:1282 arg1 stimulated 1304:1313 stimulated 1304:1313 stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation 1304:1343 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 2 48 from use 550:552 arg1 regeneration 562:573 bone regeneration 557:573 bone regeneration 557:573 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 6 49 theme fibroblast 1315:1324 arg1 proliferation 1331:1343 fibroblast cell proliferation 1315:1343 fibroblast cell proliferation 1315:1343 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 3 50 theme fabrication 589:599 arg1 process 601:607 The one-step fabrication process 576:607 The one-step fabrication process 576:607 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 2 51 theme present 322:328 arg1 study 330:334 our present study 318:334 our present study 318:334 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 1 52 theme suitable 207:214 arg1 combinations 216:227 suitable combinations 207:227 suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses 207:284 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 0 53 theme composite 46:54 arg1 microsphere 56:66 BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere 30:66 BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere 30:66 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 2 54 dep dehydrate 507:515 arg1 CSD 518:520 CSD 518:520 CSD; 20 wt % 518:529 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 0 55 theme BCP-CSD-agarose 30:44 arg1 microsphere 56:66 BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere 30:66 BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere 30:66 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 3 56 dep 1000 654:657 arg1 to 651:652 to 651:652 to 651:652 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 4 57 theme BCP-CSD-agarose 854:868 arg1 microspheres 880:891 the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres 850:891 the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres 850:891 Furthermore, the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres were tested in in vitro and in vivo for bone-forming properties in order to assess their biocompatibility. 30676689 8 58 dep © 1581:1581 arg1 Inc. 1607:1610 Inc. 1607:1610 Inc. 1607:1610 © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 30676689 9 59 dep Res 1627:1629 arg1 Biomater 1644:1651 Biomater 1644:1651 Biomater 1644:1651 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 30676689 9 59 dep Res 1627:1629 arg1 2019 1670:1673 2019 1670:1673 2019 1670:1673 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 30676689 9 59 dep Res 1627:1629 arg1 B 1636:1636 Part B 1631:1636 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 1612:1674 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2263-2272, 2019. 30676689 2 60 dep CSD 518:520 arg1 % 529:529 20 wt % 523:529 CSD; 20 wt % 518:529 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 6 61 theme host 1350:1353 arg1 migration 1360:1368 host cell migration 1350:1368 host cell migration 1350:1368 Moreover, in vivo result demonstrated that fabricated microspheres promoted neovascularization, stimulated fibroblast cell proliferation, and host cell migration occurred throughout the defects and within microspheres, ultimately guided to new bone formation. 30676689 3 62 theme one-step 580:587 arg1 process 601:607 The one-step fabrication process 576:607 The one-step fabrication process 576:607 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 7 63 theme bone 1550:1553 arg1 application 1568:1578 bone regeneration application 1550:1578 bone regeneration application 1550:1578 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 0 64 theme microsphere 56:66 arg1 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 0 64 theme microsphere 56:66 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 3 65 theme natural 704:710 arg1 solidification 712:725 natural solidification 704:725 natural solidification 704:725 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 1 66 with scaffold 193:200 arg1 combinations 216:227 suitable combinations 207:227 suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses 207:284 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 7 67 theme novel 1510:1514 arg1 approach 1516:1523 novel approach 1510:1523 novel approach 1510:1523 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 4 68 theme bone-forming 933:944 arg1 properties 946:955 bone-forming properties 933:955 bone-forming properties 933:955 Furthermore, the BCP-CSD-agarose composite microspheres were tested in in vitro and in vivo for bone-forming properties in order to assess their biocompatibility. 30676689 3 69 theme sizes 629:633 arg1 spheres 618:624 spheres 618:624 spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production 618:834 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 1 70 theme biodegradable 232:244 arg1 polymers 246:253 biodegradable polymers 232:253 biodegradable polymers 232:253 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 2 71 theme wt 526:527 arg1 % 529:529 20 wt % 523:529 CSD; 20 wt % 518:529 In our present study, composite microspheres were prepared for the first time by agarose (1 wt %) enforcement with combination of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; 20 wt %) and calcium sulfate dehydrate (CSD; 20 wt %), and analyzed for use in bone regeneration. 30676689 1 72 theme polymers 246:253 arg1 combinations 216:227 suitable combinations 207:227 suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses 207:284 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 0 73 theme tissue 77:82 arg1 engineering 84:94 bone tissue engineering 72:94 bone tissue engineering 72:94 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 7 74 theme regeneration 1555:1566 arg1 application 1568:1578 bone regeneration application 1550:1578 bone regeneration application 1550:1578 The developed composite microspheres with novel approach could have potential for bone regeneration application. 30676689 3 75 theme matrix 738:743 arg1 solidification 712:725 natural solidification 704:725 natural solidification 704:725 The one-step fabrication process revealed spheres of sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 μm of BCP-CSD contents effectively formed by natural solidification of agarose matrix, which is very simple, time and cost-effective, and could allow for large scale production. 30676689 0 76 theme bone 72:75 arg1 engineering 84:94 bone tissue engineering 72:94 bone tissue engineering 72:94 Preparation and evaluation of BCP-CSD-agarose composite microsphere for bone tissue engineering. 30676689 5 77 theme agarose 1081:1087 arg1 matrix 1089:1094 agarose matrix 1081:1094 agarose matrix 1081:1094 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 5 78 theme cell 1175:1178 arg1 adhesion 1180:1187 cell adhesion 1175:1187 cell adhesion 1175:1187 The rapid diffusion of Ca 2+ ions from CSD of the composite microspheres through agarose matrix potentially increased interactivity with microenvironment and gave support for cell adhesion and proliferation. 30676689 1 79 theme bioactive 259:267 arg1 ceramics/glasses 269:284 bioactive ceramics/glasses 259:284 bioactive ceramics/glasses 259:284 Composite microspheres have been widely investigated over the years in order to achieve a sound scaffold with suitable combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics/glasses for bone tissue engineering. 31320048 1 0 dep MP 277:278 arg1 300-600 W 281:289 300-600 W 281:289 300-600 W 281:289 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 2 1 theme 24.66 mL/g 577:586 arg1 LSR 588:590 24.66 mL/g LSR 577:590 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 577:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 3 2 from network 876:882 arg1 groups 933:938 the main functional groups 913:938 the main functional groups 913:938 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 3 2 from network 876:882 arg1 morphology 898:907 structural morphology 887:907 structural morphology 887:907 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 5 3 theme A549 1284:1287 arg1 cells 1289:1293 HepG2 and A549 cells 1274:1293 cells 1289:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 amounts 1046:1052 considerable amounts 1033:1052 considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1033:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg1 pectin 982:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin 955:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness 955:1021 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 acids 1064:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg2 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 4 contain contained 1023:1031 arg1 % 1000:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 3 5 theme pectin 808:813 arg1 imaging 747:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 3 5 theme pectin 808:813 arg1 spectra 793:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 2 6 theme molecular 483:491 arg1 mass 493:496 an average molecular mass 472:496 an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa 472:514 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 1 7 from parameters 147:156 arg1 process 209:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 3 8 theme microscopy 727:736 arg1 imaging 747:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 1 9 dep LSR 357:359 arg1 10-30 mL/g 362:371 10-30 mL/g 362:371 10-30 mL/g 362:371 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 4 10 theme low-methoxyl 969:980 arg1 pectin 982:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin 955:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness 955:1021 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 10 theme low-methoxyl 969:980 arg1 % 1000:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 11 theme neutral 1074:1080 arg1 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 2 12 theme average 475:481 arg1 mass 493:496 an average molecular mass 472:496 an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa 472:514 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 2 13 theme significance 667:678 arg1 level 658:662 a high level 651:662 a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 651:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 5 14 theme dose-depended 1171:1183 arg1 behavior 1185:1192 A strong dose-depended behavior 1162:1192 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells 1162:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 3 15 theme functional 922:931 arg1 groups 933:938 the main functional groups 913:938 the main functional groups 913:938 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 2 16 with pectin 460:465 arg1 mass 493:496 an average molecular mass 472:496 an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa 472:514 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 5 17 theme strong 1164:1169 arg1 behavior 1185:1192 A strong dose-depended behavior 1162:1192 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells 1162:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 3 18 theme Fourier 759:765 arg1 spectra 793:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 5 19 theme antioxidant 1198:1208 arg1 functions 1210:1218 antioxidant functions 1198:1218 antioxidant functions 1198:1218 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 4 20 theme extracted 959:967 arg1 pectin 982:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin 955:987 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness 955:1021 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 20 theme extracted 959:967 arg1 % 1000:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 DE = 33.65% 990:1000 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 3 21 theme disintegrated 862:874 arg1 network 876:882 a disintegrated network 860:882 a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups 860:938 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 2 22 theme polynomial 616:625 arg1 R2 = 0.986 634:643 R2 = 0.986 634:643 R2 = 0.986 634:643 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 2 22 theme polynomial 616:625 arg1 model 627:631 a second-order polynomial model 601:631 a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 601:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 1 23 theme ultrasound-microwave 161:180 arg1 process 209:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 24 from time 305:308 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 2 25 theme kDa 512:514 arg1 mass 493:496 an average molecular mass 472:496 an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa 472:514 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 acids 1064:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 amounts 1046:1052 considerable amounts 1033:1052 considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1033:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 26 theme monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 2 27 theme second-order 603:614 arg1 R2 = 0.986 634:643 R2 = 0.986 634:643 R2 = 0.986 634:643 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 2 27 theme second-order 603:614 arg1 model 627:631 a second-order polynomial model 601:631 a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 601:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 1 28 theme assisted 182:189 arg1 process 209:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 0 29 theme assisted 21:28 arg1 extraction 30:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction 0:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 0:130 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 1 30 theme extraction 381:390 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 3 31 theme main 917:920 arg1 groups 933:938 the main functional groups 913:938 the main functional groups 913:938 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 1 32 theme extraction 191:200 arg1 process 209:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 0 33 theme Ultrasound-microwave 0:19 arg1 extraction 30:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction 0:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 0:130 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 1 34 theme microwave 260:268 arg1 MP 277:278 MP 277:278 MP 277:278 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 34 theme microwave 260:268 arg1 power 270:274 microwave power 260:274 microwave power (MP, 300-600 W) 260:290 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 35 from power 270:274 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 2 36 theme 580.9 W 547:553 arg1 MP 555:556 580.9 W MP 547:556 580.9 W MP 547:556 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 3 37 theme structural 887:896 arg1 morphology 898:907 structural morphology 887:907 structural morphology 887:907 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 2 38 theme ST 543:544 arg1 21.35 min 533:541 21.35 min ST 533:544 21.35 min ST 533:544 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 1 39 theme UMAE 203:206 arg1 process 209:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process 161:215 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 3 40 theme optimal 831:837 arg1 conditions 839:848 optimal conditions 831:848 optimal conditions 831:848 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 0 41 dep Ficus 61:65 arg1 L. 74:75 Ficus carica L. 61:75 Ficus carica L. 61:75 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 acids 1064:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 amounts 1046:1052 considerable amounts 1033:1052 considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1033:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 42 theme considerable 1033:1044 arg1 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 1 43 from skin 417:420 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 44 dep time 305:308 arg1 5-15 min 315:322 5-15 min 315:322 5-15 min 315:322 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 44 dep time 305:308 arg1 IT 311:312 IT 311:312 IT 311:312 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 45 dep ST 244:245 arg1 10-30 min 248:256 10-30 min 248:256 10-30 min 248:256 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 3 46 theme FTIR 787:790 arg1 spectra 793:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 0 47 theme pectin 44:49 arg1 extraction 30:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction 0:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 0:130 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 3 48 theme transform-infrared 767:784 arg1 spectra 793:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra 759:799 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 1 49 theme pectin 401:406 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 50 dep time 238:241 arg1 ST 244:245 ST 244:245 ST 244:245 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 5 51 theme pectin 1259:1264 arg1 activities 1245:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities 1224:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells 1224:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 5 51 theme pectin 1259:1264 arg1 functions 1210:1218 antioxidant functions 1198:1218 antioxidant functions 1198:1218 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 0 52 theme fig 56:58 arg1 Ficus 61:65 Ficus 61:65 Ficus 61:65 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 0 52 theme fig 56:58 arg1 skin 78:81 fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 56:81 fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 56:81 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 2 53 theme pectin 460:465 arg1 yield 442:446 The yield 438:446 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa 438:514 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 2 53 theme pectin 460:465 arg1 % 454:454 13.97% 449:454 13.97% 449:454 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 1 54 theme solid 344:348 arg1 ratio 350:354 solid ratio 344:354 solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) 344:372 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 54 theme solid 344:348 arg1 LSR 357:359 LSR 357:359 LSR 357:359 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 55 theme fig 413:415 arg1 skin 417:420 fig skin 413:420 fig skin 413:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 2 56 with model 627:631 arg1 level 658:662 a high level 651:662 a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 651:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 3 57 theme emission-scanning 700:716 arg1 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 3 57 theme emission-scanning 700:716 arg1 microscopy 727:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy 694:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 4 58 with pectin 982:987 arg1 lightness 1013:1021 high lightness 1008:1021 high lightness 1008:1021 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 59 dep monosaccharides 1082:1096 arg1 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 glucose 1099:1105 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 galactose 1127:1135 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 rhamnose 1138:1145 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 acids 1064:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 fucose 1108:1113 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 arabinose 1116:1124 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 amounts 1046:1052 considerable amounts 1033:1052 considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1033:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 mannose 1152:1158 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 60 theme acids 1064:1068 arg1 monosaccharides 1082:1096 neutral monosaccharides 1074:1096 neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose) 1074:1159 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 3 61 theme electron 718:725 arg1 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 3 61 theme electron 718:725 arg1 microscopy 727:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy 694:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 1 62 theme sonication 227:236 arg1 time 238:241 sonication time 227:241 sonication time (ST, 10-30 min) 227:257 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 63 from time 238:241 arg1 yield 392:396 the extraction yield 377:396 the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 377:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 0 64 dep extraction 30:39 arg1 bioactivity 119:129 bioactivity 119:129 bioactivity 119:129 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 0 64 dep extraction 30:39 arg1 characterization 98:113 characterization 98:113 characterization 98:113 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 0 64 dep extraction 30:39 arg1 Optimization 84:95 Optimization 84:95 Optimization 84:95 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 2 65 dep 11.67 min 559:567 arg1 IT 569:570 IT 569:570 IT 569:570 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 2 66 theme high 653:656 arg1 level 658:662 a high level 651:662 a high level of significance (p < 0.0001) 651:691 The yield (13.97%) of pectin with an average molecular mass of 6.89 × 103 kDa was maximized at 21.35 min ST, 580.9 W MP, 11.67 min IT, and 24.66 mL/g LSR based on a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.986) with a high level of significance (p < 0.0001). 31320048 4 67 theme high 1008:1011 arg1 lightness 1013:1021 high lightness 1008:1021 high lightness 1008:1021 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 4 68 theme uronic 1057:1062 arg1 acids 1064:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 uronic acids 1057:1068 The extracted low-methoxyl pectin (DE = 33.65%) with high lightness contained considerable amounts of uronic acids and neutral monosaccharides (glucose, fucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, and mannose). 31320048 0 69 from skin 78:81 arg1 extraction 30:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction 0:39 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 0:130 Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity. 31320048 5 70 theme cytotoxic 1224:1232 arg1 activities 1245:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities 1224:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells 1224:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 3 71 theme Field 694:698 arg1 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 FE-SEM 739:744 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 3 71 theme Field 694:698 arg1 microscopy 727:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy 694:736 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging 694:753 Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) imaging and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectra of the pectin extracted under optimal conditions exhibited a disintegrated network in structural morphology and the main functional groups, respectively. 31320048 1 72 theme irradiation 293:303 arg1 time 305:308 irradiation time 293:308 irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min) 293:323 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 5 73 theme inhibitory 1234:1243 arg1 activities 1245:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities 1224:1254 cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells 1224:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31320048 1 74 theme operating 137:145 arg1 liquid 334:339 liquid 334:339 liquid 334:339 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 74 theme operating 137:145 arg1 time 305:308 irradiation time 293:308 irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min) 293:323 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 74 theme operating 137:145 arg1 parameters 147:156 Four operating parameters 132:156 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin 132:420 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 74 theme operating 137:145 arg1 power 270:274 microwave power 260:274 microwave power (MP, 300-600 W) 260:290 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 1 74 theme operating 137:145 arg1 time 238:241 sonication time 227:241 sonication time (ST, 10-30 min) 227:257 Four operating parameters in ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) process including sonication time (ST, 10-30 min), microwave power (MP, 300-600 W), irradiation time (IT, 5-15 min), and the liquid to solid ratio (LSR, 10-30 mL/g) on the extraction yield of pectin from fig skin were optimized. 31320048 5 75 theme HepG2 1274:1278 arg1 cells 1289:1293 HepG2 and A549 cells 1274:1293 cells 1289:1293 A strong dose-depended behavior for antioxidant functions and cytotoxic inhibitory activities of pectin against HepG2 and A549 cells was found. 31244022 6 0 theme transmission 677:688 arg1 microscopy 699:708 transmission electron microscopy 677:708 transmission electron microscopy 677:708 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 0 1 from Structure 10:18 arg1 coli 47:50 Escherichia coli 35:50 Escherichia coli 35:50 Molecular Structure of Glycogen in Escherichia coli. 31244022 6 2 theme α-particle 800:809 arg1 formation 811:819 α-particle formation 800:819 α-particle formation 800:819 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 8 3 theme similar 1064:1070 arg1 α 1072:1072 similar α and β particle structures 1064:1098 α 1072:1072 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 4 4 theme β 441:441 arg1 particles 443:451 more β particles 436:451 more β particles 436:451 Thus, storing more glucose requires forming more β particles, which are expected to sometimes form α particles. 31244022 4 5 theme more 436:439 arg1 particles 443:451 more β particles 436:451 more β particles 436:451 Thus, storing more glucose requires forming more β particles, which are expected to sometimes form α particles. 31244022 5 6 theme extraction 559:568 arg1 techniques 570:579 the extraction techniques 555:579 the extraction techniques 555:579 No α particles have been reported in bacteria, but the extraction techniques might have caused degradation. 31244022 1 7 from storage 116:122 arg1 organisms 127:135 organisms 127:135 organisms 127:135 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 2 8 theme glucose 236:242 arg1 release 244:250 better glucose release 229:250 better glucose release 229:250 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 3 9 theme enzymes 355:361 arg1 sizes 324:328 sizes 324:328 sizes 324:328 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 3 9 theme enzymes 355:361 arg1 activities 309:318 activities 309:318 activities 309:318 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 1 10 theme branched 74:81 arg1 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 1 10 theme branched 74:81 arg1 polymer 91:97 a randomly branched glucose polymer 63:97 a randomly branched glucose polymer 63:97 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 7 11 theme size 844:847 arg1 distributions 849:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 0 12 theme Molecular 0:8 arg1 Structure 10:18 Molecular Structure 0:18 Molecular Structure of Glycogen in Escherichia coli. 0:51 Molecular Structure of Glycogen in Escherichia coli. 31244022 0 13 theme Glycogen 23:30 arg1 Structure 10:18 Molecular Structure 0:18 Molecular Structure of Glycogen in Escherichia coli. 0:51 Molecular Structure of Glycogen in Escherichia coli. 31244022 7 14 theme metabolic 926:934 arg1 processes 936:944 very different metabolic processes 911:944 very different metabolic processes 911:944 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 1 15 theme glucose 83:89 arg1 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen 53:60 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 1 15 theme glucose 83:89 arg1 polymer 91:97 a randomly branched glucose polymer 63:97 a randomly branched glucose polymer 63:97 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 7 16 theme Molecular 822:830 arg1 distributions 849:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 8 17 contain have 1059:1062 arg2 α 1072:1072 similar α and β particle structures 1064:1098 α 1072:1072 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 17 contain have 1059:1062 arg2 structures 1089:1098 similar α and β particle structures 1064:1098 structures 1089:1098 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 17 contain have 1059:1062 arg1 organism 999:1006 any organism 995:1006 any organism which needs to store and then release glucose 995:1052 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 17 contain have 1059:1062 arg1 constraints 969:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 17 contain have 1059:1062 arg1 type 1103:1106 a type 1101:1106 such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution 985:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 3 18 theme glycogen 333:340 arg1 enzymes 355:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 8 19 theme β 1078:1078 arg1 structures 1089:1098 similar α and β particle structures 1064:1098 structures 1089:1098 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 6 20 theme extraction 634:643 arg1 techniques 645:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 3 21 theme biosynthetic 342:353 arg1 enzymes 355:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 8 22 dep such 985:988 arg1 have 1059:1062 have 1059:1062 will have similar α and β particle structures 1054:1098 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 22 dep such 985:988 arg1 constraints 969:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 22 dep such 985:988 arg1 type 1103:1106 a type 1101:1106 such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution 985:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 6 23 theme glycogen 625:632 arg1 techniques 645:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 3 24 theme polymer 376:382 arg1 chains 384:389 polymer chains 376:389 polymer chains 376:389 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 6 25 theme milder 618:623 arg1 techniques 645:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 milder glycogen extraction techniques 618:654 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 3 26 theme chains 384:389 arg1 enzymes 355:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 glycogen biosynthetic enzymes 333:361 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 3 26 theme chains 384:389 arg1 sizes 367:371 sizes 367:371 sizes of polymer chains 367:389 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 8 27 theme particle 1080:1087 arg1 structures 1089:1098 similar α and β particle structures 1064:1098 structures 1089:1098 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 2 28 theme β 153:153 arg1 particles 155:163 small β particles 147:163 small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release 147:250 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 2 29 theme α 205:205 arg1 particles 207:215 composite α particles 195:215 composite α particles 195:215 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 6 30 theme α 751:751 arg1 particles 753:761 α particles 751:761 α particles 751:761 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 3 31 theme sizes 367:371 arg1 sizes 324:328 sizes 324:328 sizes 324:328 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 3 31 theme sizes 367:371 arg1 activities 309:318 activities 309:318 activities 309:318 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 3 32 theme particle 273:280 arg1 size 282:285 β particle size 271:285 β particle size 271:285 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 2 33 theme small 147:151 arg1 particles 155:163 small β particles 147:163 small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release 147:250 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 2 34 theme composite 195:203 arg1 particles 207:215 composite α particles 195:215 composite α particles 195:215 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 5 35 theme No 504:505 arg1 particles 509:517 No α particles 504:517 No α particles 504:517 No α particles have been reported in bacteria, but the extraction techniques might have caused degradation. 31244022 6 36 with consistent 764:773 arg1 hypothesis 785:794 this hypothesis 780:794 this hypothesis for α-particle formation 780:819 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 5 37 theme α 507:507 arg1 particles 509:517 No α particles 504:517 No α particles 504:517 No α particles have been reported in bacteria, but the extraction techniques might have caused degradation. 31244022 1 38 theme energy 109:114 arg1 storage 116:122 energy storage 109:122 energy storage in organisms 109:135 Glycogen, a randomly branched glucose polymer, provides energy storage in organisms. 31244022 4 39 theme α 491:491 arg1 particles 493:501 α particles 491:501 α particles 491:501 Thus, storing more glucose requires forming more β particles, which are expected to sometimes form α particles. 31244022 2 40 theme better 229:234 arg1 release 244:250 better glucose release 229:250 better glucose release 229:250 It forms small β particles which in animals bind to form composite α particles, which give better glucose release. 31244022 6 41 theme size-exclusion 714:727 arg1 chromatography 729:742 size-exclusion chromatography 714:742 size-exclusion chromatography 714:742 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 7 42 theme different 916:924 arg1 processes 936:944 very different metabolic processes 911:944 very different metabolic processes 911:944 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 3 43 theme β 271:271 arg1 size 282:285 β particle size 271:285 β particle size 271:285 Simulations imply β particle size is controlled only by activities and sizes of glycogen biosynthetic enzymes and sizes of polymer chains. 31244022 8 44 theme polymer 961:967 arg1 type 1103:1106 a type 1101:1106 such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution 985:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 44 theme polymer 961:967 arg1 constraints 969:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 7 45 theme density 832:838 arg1 distributions 849:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions 822:861 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 8 46 theme evolution 1122:1130 arg1 constraints 969:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 46 theme evolution 1122:1130 arg1 type 1103:1106 a type 1101:1106 such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution 985:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 47 theme general 953:959 arg1 type 1103:1106 a type 1101:1106 such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution 985:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 47 theme general 953:959 arg1 constraints 969:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints 947:979 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 8 48 theme convergent 1111:1120 arg1 evolution 1122:1130 convergent evolution 1111:1130 convergent evolution 1111:1130 These general polymer constraints are such that any organism which needs to store and then release glucose will have similar α and β particle structures: a type of convergent evolution. 31244022 7 49 with similarities 868:879 arg1 glycogen 893:900 animal glycogen 886:900 animal glycogen 886:900 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31244022 6 50 theme electron 690:697 arg1 microscopy 699:708 transmission electron microscopy 677:708 transmission electron microscopy 677:708 Using milder glycogen extraction techniques on Escherichia coli, transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography showed α particles, consistent with this hypothesis for α-particle formation. 31244022 7 51 theme animal 886:891 arg1 glycogen 893:900 animal glycogen 886:900 animal glycogen 886:900 Molecular density and size distributions show similarities with animal glycogen, despite very different metabolic processes. 31159672 5 0 theme Dynamics 759:766 arg1 results 777:783 Dynamics research results 759:783 Dynamics research results 759:783 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 3 1 theme acid 499:502 arg1 solution 504:511 chitosan acetic acid solution 483:511 chitosan acetic acid solution 483:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 2 theme acetic 258:263 arg1 acid 265:268 acetic acid 258:268 acetic acid 258:268 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 5 3 theme research 768:775 arg1 results 777:783 Dynamics research results 759:783 Dynamics research results 759:783 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 1 4 theme Zeolite 173:179 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 156:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 116:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite 116:179 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 0 5 from Study 0:4 arg1 dephosphorization 33:49 dephosphorization 33:49 dephosphorization 33:49 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 0 5 from Study 0:4 arg1 denitrification 13:27 denitrification 13:27 denitrification 13:27 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 3 6 theme functional 556:565 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 6 theme functional 556:565 arg1 material 567:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 5 7 dep nitrogen 809:816 arg1 removal 833:839 removal 833:839 removal 833:839 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 3 8 theme mass 469:472 arg1 ratio 474:478 mass ratio 469:478 mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution 469:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 9 theme zeolite 517:523 arg1 sieve 535:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 9 theme zeolite 517:523 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 4 10 theme dephosphorization 684:700 arg1 effect 702:707 the denitrification and dephosphorization effect 660:707 the denitrification and dephosphorization effect 660:707 Under this optimum conditions, the denitrification and dephosphorization effect can reach more than 70% when pH value was at 3-9. 31159672 3 11 theme solution 445:452 arg1 sieve 535:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 11 theme solution 445:452 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 11 theme solution 445:452 arg1 temperature 601:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 11 theme solution 445:452 arg1 material 567:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 11 theme solution 445:452 arg1 ratio 460:464 mass ratio 455:464 mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution 455:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 12 theme molecular 525:533 arg1 sieve 535:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 12 theme molecular 525:533 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 5 13 theme ammonia 801:807 arg1 nitrogen 809:816 the ammonia nitrogen 797:816 the ammonia nitrogen 797:816 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 14 theme pseudo-second-order 939:957 arg1 model 967:971 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 935:971 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 935:971 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 6 15 theme Freundlich 1077:1086 arg1 model 1088:1092 Freundlich model 1077:1092 Freundlich model 1077:1092 The isothermal adsorption process was in accordance with Freundlich model. 31159672 3 16 theme acetic 433:438 arg1 acid 440:443 chitosan acetic acid 424:443 chitosan acetic acid solution 424:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 17 theme starting 282:289 arg1 solution 270:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 17 theme starting 282:289 arg1 materials 291:299 starting materials 282:299 starting materials 282:299 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 4 18 theme denitrification 664:678 arg1 effect 702:707 the denitrification and dephosphorization effect 660:707 the denitrification and dephosphorization effect 660:707 Under this optimum conditions, the denitrification and dephosphorization effect can reach more than 70% when pH value was at 3-9. 31159672 4 19 theme pH 738:739 arg1 value 741:745 pH value 738:745 pH value 738:745 Under this optimum conditions, the denitrification and dephosphorization effect can reach more than 70% when pH value was at 3-9. 31159672 5 20 dep 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 arg1 up 1001:1002 up 1001:1002 up 1001:1002 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 3 21 theme acid 440:443 arg1 solution 445:452 chitosan acetic acid solution 424:452 chitosan acetic acid solution 424:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 22 theme experimental 371:382 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 22 theme experimental 371:382 arg1 conditions 384:393 The experimental conditions 367:393 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature 367:611 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 5 23 dep based 876:880 arg1 described 922:930 described 922:930 could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 908:971 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 23 dep based 876:880 arg1 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 23 dep based 876:880 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 865:874 chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 853:874 chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min 853:1017 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 23 dep based 876:880 arg1 rate 993:996 the adsorption rate 978:996 the adsorption rate 978:996 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 3 24 theme Zr-zeolite 545:554 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 24 theme Zr-zeolite 545:554 arg1 material 567:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 Zr-zeolite functional material 545:574 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 25 theme 4A 206:207 arg1 sieve 227:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 5 26 theme kinetic 959:965 arg1 model 967:971 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 935:971 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 935:971 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 27 theme adsorption 982:991 arg1 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 27 theme adsorption 982:991 arg1 rate 993:996 the adsorption rate 978:996 the adsorption rate 978:996 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 2 28 theme prepared 306:313 arg1 composite 315:323 The prepared composite 302:323 The prepared composite 302:323 The prepared composite were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and XRD. 31159672 1 29 theme zeolite 209:215 arg1 sieve 227:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 3 30 theme acetic 492:497 arg1 acid 499:502 chitosan acetic acid 483:502 chitosan acetic acid solution 483:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 31 theme molecular 217:225 arg1 sieve 227:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 4A zeolite molecular sieve 206:231 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 3 32 theme calcination 589:599 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 32 theme calcination 589:599 arg1 temperature 601:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 33 theme mass 455:458 arg1 ratio 460:464 mass ratio 455:464 mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution 455:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 33 theme mass 455:458 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 34 theme chitosan 424:431 arg1 acid 440:443 chitosan acetic acid 424:443 chitosan acetic acid solution 424:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 35 theme sieve 227:231 arg1 solution 270:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 35 theme sieve 227:231 arg1 materials 291:299 starting materials 282:299 starting materials 282:299 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 3 36 theme chitosan 483:490 arg1 acid 499:502 chitosan acetic acid 483:502 chitosan acetic acid solution 483:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 37 theme ratio 474:478 arg1 ratio 460:464 mass ratio 455:464 mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution 455:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 37 theme ratio 474:478 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 38 theme optimum 581:587 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 38 theme optimum 581:587 arg1 temperature 601:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 the optimum calcination temperature 577:611 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 39 theme solution 504:511 arg1 ratio 474:478 mass ratio 469:478 mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution 469:511 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 40 theme ternary 120:126 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 156:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 116:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite 116:179 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 0 41 dep denitrification 13:27 arg1 the 9:11 the 9:11 the 9:11 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 6 42 theme isothermal 1024:1033 arg1 process 1046:1052 The isothermal adsorption process 1020:1052 The isothermal adsorption process 1020:1052 The isothermal adsorption process was in accordance with Freundlich model. 31159672 1 43 theme hybrid 128:133 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 156:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 116:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite 116:179 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 6 44 theme adsorption 1035:1044 arg1 process 1046:1052 The isothermal adsorption process 1020:1052 The isothermal adsorption process 1020:1052 The isothermal adsorption process was in accordance with Freundlich model. 31159672 1 45 dep sieve 227:231 arg1 acid 265:268 acetic acid 258:268 acetic acid 258:268 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 46 theme material 135:142 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 156:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 116:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite 116:179 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 47 theme Zr-zeolite 234:243 arg1 solution 270:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 47 theme Zr-zeolite 234:243 arg1 materials 291:299 starting materials 282:299 starting materials 282:299 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 0 48 theme solution 66:73 arg1 dephosphorization 33:49 dephosphorization 33:49 dephosphorization 33:49 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 0 48 theme solution 66:73 arg1 denitrification 13:27 denitrification 13:27 denitrification 13:27 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 5 49 theme chitosan/4A 853:863 arg1 described 922:930 described 922:930 could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 908:971 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 49 theme chitosan/4A 853:863 arg1 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 6.439 g/min 1007:1017 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 5 49 theme chitosan/4A 853:863 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 865:874 chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 853:874 chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min 853:1017 Dynamics research results showed that the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus removal progress by chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was in accordance could be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate is up to 6.439 g/min. 31159672 4 50 theme optimum 640:646 arg1 conditions 648:657 this optimum conditions 635:657 this optimum conditions 635:657 Under this optimum conditions, the denitrification and dephosphorization effect can reach more than 70% when pH value was at 3-9. 31159672 1 51 theme chitosan/4A 144:154 arg1 Zeolite/Zr 156:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr 116:165 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite 116:179 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 0 52 theme aqueous 58:64 arg1 solution 66:73 the aqueous solution 54:73 the aqueous solution 54:73 Study on the denitrification and dephosphorization of the aqueous solution by Chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite. 31159672 3 53 theme 4A 514:515 arg1 sieve 535:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 4A zeolite molecular sieve 514:539 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 3 53 theme 4A 514:515 arg1 concentration 407:419 the concentration 403:419 the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution 403:452 The experimental conditions such as the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution, mass ratio of mass ratio of chitosan acetic acid solution, 4A zeolite molecular sieve and Zr-zeolite functional material, the optimum calcination temperature were optimized. 31159672 1 54 theme chitosan 249:256 arg1 solution 270:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution 206:277 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31159672 1 54 theme chitosan 249:256 arg1 materials 291:299 starting materials 282:299 starting materials 282:299 The ternary hybrid material chitosan/4A Zeolite/Zr based Zeolite was synthesized by using 4A zeolite molecular sieve, Zr-zeolite and chitosan acetic acid solution as starting materials. 31521293 4 0 theme Schiff 946:951 arg1 base 953:956 a Schiff base 944:956 a Schiff base reaction 944:965 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 1 1 theme copolymer 196:204 arg1 micelles 206:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 1 2 theme slow-release 302:313 arg1 function 315:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 3 3 theme atom 739:742 arg1 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 3 theme atom 739:742 arg1 polymerization 761:774 atom transfer radical polymerization 739:774 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) 739:781 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 4 4 theme copolymer 917:925 arg1 micelles 927:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 3 5 theme ethylene 567:574 arg1 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 5 theme ethylene 567:574 arg1 -block-poly 582:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly 547:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 5 theme ethylene 567:574 arg1 methacrylate 622:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 4 6 contain containing 895:904 arg1 suspensions 883:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions 855:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 855:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 4 6 contain containing 895:904 arg2 micelles 927:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 6 7 theme hydrogel 1171:1178 arg1 system 1180:1185 The hydrogel system 1167:1185 The hydrogel system 1167:1185 The hydrogel system also exhibited comparable storage moduli and tunable degradation properties. 31521293 3 8 theme transfer 744:751 arg1 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 8 theme transfer 744:751 arg1 polymerization 761:774 atom transfer radical polymerization 739:774 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) 739:781 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 9 theme oxide 576:580 arg1 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 9 theme oxide 576:580 arg1 -block-poly 582:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly 547:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 9 theme oxide 576:580 arg1 methacrylate 622:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 5 10 theme pH-triggered 1050:1061 arg1 profile 1092:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile 1048:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin 1048:1164 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 2 11 theme carboxymethyl 366:378 arg1 CMC 391:393 CMC 391:393 CMC 391:393 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 11 theme carboxymethyl 366:378 arg1 cellulose 380:388 modified carboxymethyl cellulose 357:388 modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 357:394 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 6 12 theme degradation 1240:1250 arg1 properties 1252:1261 tunable degradation properties 1232:1261 tunable degradation properties 1232:1261 The hydrogel system also exhibited comparable storage moduli and tunable degradation properties. 31521293 4 13 theme base 953:956 arg1 reaction 958:965 a Schiff base reaction 944:965 a Schiff base reaction 944:965 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 2 14 theme hydrazide-modified 406:423 arg1 CMC-NH2 450:456 CMC-NH2 450:456 CMC-NH2 450:456 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 14 theme hydrazide-modified 406:423 arg1 cellulose 439:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose 406:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) 406:457 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 15 theme cellulose 380:388 arg1 cellulose 486:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose 463:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) 463:504 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 15 theme cellulose 380:388 arg1 types 348:352 two types 344:352 two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) 344:504 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 15 theme cellulose 380:388 arg1 cellulose 439:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose 406:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) 406:457 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 3 16 theme pH-responsive 547:559 arg1 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 16 theme pH-responsive 547:559 arg1 -block-poly 582:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly 547:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 16 theme pH-responsive 547:559 arg1 methacrylate 622:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 1 17 with embedded 160:167 arg1 micelles 206:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 4 18 theme injectable 787:796 arg1 system 817:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 3 19 theme -block-poly 582:592 arg1 copolymers 649:658 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers 547:658 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 5 20 dep release 1113:1119 arg1 test 1121:1124 test 1121:1124 test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin 1121:1164 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 4 21 theme PEO-b-PDPA 906:915 arg1 micelles 927:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 906:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 1 22 theme Cellulose-based 96:110 arg1 hydrogels 150:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels 96:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 96:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 0 23 theme injectable 16:25 arg1 hydrogel 27:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel 0:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel 0:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery. 31521293 1 24 theme biocompatible 112:124 arg1 hydrogels 150:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels 96:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 96:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 0 25 theme Cellulose-based 0:14 arg1 hydrogel 27:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel 0:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel 0:34 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery. 31521293 2 26 theme modified 357:364 arg1 CMC 391:393 CMC 391:393 CMC 391:393 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 26 theme modified 357:364 arg1 cellulose 380:388 modified carboxymethyl cellulose 357:388 modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 357:394 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 5 27 theme newly-synthesized 973:989 arg1 system 1032:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 1 28 theme tunable 127:133 arg1 hydrogels 150:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels 96:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 96:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 1 29 theme localized 243:251 arg1 delivery 258:265 localized drug delivery 243:265 localized drug delivery 243:265 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 5 30 dep newly-synthesized 973:989 arg1 cellulose-based 1001:1015 cellulose-based 1001:1015 cellulose-based 1001:1015 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 5 30 dep newly-synthesized 973:989 arg1 tunable 992:998 tunable 992:998 tunable 992:998 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 5 31 theme prolonged 1064:1072 arg1 profile 1092:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile 1048:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin 1048:1164 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 3 32 theme hydrophobic 686:696 arg1 substances 698:707 hydrophobic substances 686:707 hydrophobic substances 686:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 4 33 theme hydrogel 798:805 arg1 system 817:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 1 34 theme drug 253:256 arg1 delivery 258:265 localized drug delivery 243:265 localized drug delivery 243:265 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 0 35 theme pH-responsive 50:62 arg1 delivery 86:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery. 31521293 2 36 theme varying 511:517 arg1 degrees 519:525 varying degrees 511:525 varying degrees of oxidation 511:538 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 6 37 theme storage 1213:1219 arg1 moduli 1221:1226 comparable storage moduli 1202:1226 comparable storage moduli 1202:1226 The hydrogel system also exhibited comparable storage moduli and tunable degradation properties. 31521293 4 38 theme polymer 875:881 arg1 suspensions 883:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions 855:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 855:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 2 39 theme carboxymethyl 472:484 arg1 CMC-CHO 497:503 CMC-CHO 497:503 CMC-CHO 497:503 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 39 theme carboxymethyl 472:484 arg1 cellulose 486:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose 463:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) 463:504 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 40 theme oxidation 530:538 arg1 degrees 519:525 varying degrees 511:525 varying degrees of oxidation 511:538 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 4 41 theme CMC-CHO 867:873 arg1 polymer 875:881 CMC-CHO polymer 867:881 CMC-CHO polymer 867:881 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 2 42 theme oxidized 463:470 arg1 CMC-CHO 497:503 CMC-CHO 497:503 CMC-CHO 497:503 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 42 theme oxidized 463:470 arg1 cellulose 486:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose 463:494 oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) 463:504 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 0 43 theme controllable 68:79 arg1 delivery 86:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery. 31521293 6 44 theme comparable 1202:1211 arg1 moduli 1221:1226 comparable storage moduli 1202:1226 comparable storage moduli 1202:1226 The hydrogel system also exhibited comparable storage moduli and tunable degradation properties. 31521293 1 45 theme injectable 139:148 arg1 hydrogels 150:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels 96:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 96:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 6 46 theme tunable 1232:1238 arg1 properties 1252:1261 tunable degradation properties 1232:1261 tunable degradation properties 1232:1261 The hydrogel system also exhibited comparable storage moduli and tunable degradation properties. 31521293 3 47 theme poly 561:564 arg1 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 PEO-b-PDPA 637:646 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 47 theme poly 561:564 arg1 -block-poly 582:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly 547:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 47 theme poly 561:564 arg1 methacrylate 622:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 48 theme ethyl 616:620 arg1 -block-poly 582:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly 547:592 pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances 547:707 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 48 theme ethyl 616:620 arg1 methacrylate 622:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate 595:633 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 5 49 theme barrier 1024:1030 arg1 system 1032:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 3 50 theme micelle 663:669 arg1 cores 671:675 micelle cores 663:675 micelle cores 663:675 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 1 51 theme embedded 160:167 arg1 hydrogels 150:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels 96:158 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 96:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 4 52 theme composite 807:815 arg1 system 817:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system 784:822 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 1 53 theme prolonged 272:280 arg1 function 315:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 5 54 theme Nile 1137:1140 arg1 dye 1146:1148 Nile Red dye 1137:1148 Nile Red dye 1137:1148 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 5 55 theme slow-release 1079:1090 arg1 profile 1092:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile 1048:1098 a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin 1048:1164 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 1 56 theme diblock 188:194 arg1 micelles 206:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 5 57 theme double 1017:1022 arg1 system 1032:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system 968:1037 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 5 58 theme Red 1142:1144 arg1 dye 1146:1148 Nile Red dye 1137:1148 Nile Red dye 1137:1148 This newly-synthesized, tunable, cellulose-based double barrier system exhibits a pH-triggered, prolonged, and slow-release profile based on the release test using both Nile Red dye and doxorubicin. 31521293 1 59 theme pH-responsive 174:186 arg1 micelles 206:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles 174:213 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 1 60 theme stimuli-driven 283:296 arg1 function 315:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function 272:322 Cellulose-based biocompatible, tunable and injectable hydrogels embedded with pH-responsive diblock copolymer micelles were constructed to achieve localized drug delivery with prolonged, stimuli-driven and slow-release function. 31521293 0 61 theme drug 81:84 arg1 delivery 86:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery 50:93 Cellulose-based injectable hydrogel composite for pH-responsive and controllable drug delivery. 31521293 3 62 theme radical 753:759 arg1 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 ATRP 777:780 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 3 62 theme radical 753:759 arg1 polymerization 761:774 atom transfer radical polymerization 739:774 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) 739:781 Then, pH-responsive poly (ethylene oxide)-block-poly (2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PDPA) copolymers as micelle cores to carry hydrophobic substances were also synthesized through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). 31521293 4 63 theme CMC-NH2 855:861 arg1 suspensions 883:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions 855:893 CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles 855:934 An injectable hydrogel composite system was finally obtained by mixing CMC-NH2 and CMC-CHO polymer suspensions containing PEO-b-PDPA copolymer micelles through a Schiff base reaction. 31521293 2 64 theme carboxymethyl 425:437 arg1 CMC-NH2 450:456 CMC-NH2 450:456 CMC-NH2 450:456 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 31521293 2 64 theme carboxymethyl 425:437 arg1 cellulose 439:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose 406:447 hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) 406:457 First, we prepared two types of modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) including hydrazide-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-NH2) and oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-CHO) with varying degrees of oxidation. 29649471 7 0 theme chromatographic 1232:1246 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 6 1 dep type 1030:1033 arg1 Cholerae 1042:1049 Vibrio Cholerae 1035:1049 Vibrio Cholerae 1035:1049 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 1 2 theme Principal 154:162 arg1 PCoA 185:188 PCoA 185:188 PCoA 185:188 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 1 2 theme Principal 154:162 arg1 analysis 175:182 Principal coordinate analysis 154:182 Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) 154:189 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 0 3 theme collection 87:96 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 3 4 theme clinical 665:672 arg1 studies 674:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 2 5 from present 330:336 arg1 sets 350:353 the data sets 341:353 the data sets 341:353 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 1 6 theme coordinate 164:173 arg1 PCoA 185:188 PCoA 185:188 PCoA 185:188 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 1 6 theme coordinate 164:173 arg1 analysis 175:182 Principal coordinate analysis 154:182 Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) 154:189 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 0 7 theme robust 101:106 arg1 approach 123:130 A robust classification approach 99:130 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 8 8 from method 1358:1363 arg1 workflow 1396:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 1 9 theme chromatographic 247:261 arg1 sets 268:271 the chromatographic data sets 243:271 the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample 243:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 1 9 theme chromatographic 247:261 arg1 sample 290:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 7 10 theme data 1219:1222 arg1 sets 1224:1227 the chromatographic data sets 1199:1227 the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1199:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 7 10 theme data 1219:1222 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 6 11 theme chemometric 983:993 arg1 analysis 995:1002 the chemometric analysis 979:1002 the chemometric analysis 979:1002 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 3 12 theme bacterial 469:477 arg1 composition 493:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 1 13 theme data 263:266 arg1 sets 268:271 the chromatographic data sets 243:271 the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample 243:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 1 13 theme data 263:266 arg1 sample 290:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 7 14 theme chromatographic 1203:1217 arg1 sets 1224:1227 the chromatographic data sets 1199:1227 the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1199:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 7 14 theme chromatographic 1203:1217 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 6 15 theme peptidoglycan 1102:1114 arg1 composition 1116:1126 their peptidoglycan composition 1096:1126 their peptidoglycan composition 1096:1126 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 8 16 theme data 1382:1385 arg1 workflow 1396:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 6 17 theme subtle 1074:1079 arg1 differences 1081:1091 subtle differences 1074:1091 subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition 1074:1126 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 0 18 theme classification 108:121 arg1 approach 123:130 A robust classification approach 99:130 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 2 19 from sets 350:353 arg1 present 330:336 present 330:336 present 330:336 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 5 20 theme Alphaproteobacteria 896:914 arg1 subclasses 882:891 different subclasses 872:891 different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria 872:914 The first set comprised of peptidoglycan sample belonging to different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria. 29649471 6 21 theme second 930:935 arg1 intricate 965:973 intricate 965:973 intricate 965:973 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 6 21 theme second 930:935 arg1 set 937:939 the second set 926:939 the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis 926:1002 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 0 22 theme coordinate 10:19 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 2 23 attach present 330:336 arg2 heterogeneity 316:328 the heterogeneity 312:328 the heterogeneity present in the data sets 312:353 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 2 23 attach present 330:336 arg1 sets 350:353 the data sets 341:353 the data sets 341:353 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 7 24 theme peptidoglycan 1248:1260 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 3 25 from differences 450:460 arg1 composition 493:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 3 26 theme fast 539:542 arg1 approach 544:551 a more robust and fast approach 521:551 a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies 521:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 2 27 theme dissimilarity 368:380 arg1 matrix 382:387 the dissimilarity matrix 364:387 the dissimilarity matrix 364:387 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 0 28 theme Principal 0:8 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 4 29 theme approach 711:718 arg1 utility 687:693 The utility 683:693 The utility of the proposed approach 683:718 The utility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated by analysing the two different kind of bacterial collections. 29649471 5 30 theme different 872:880 arg1 subclasses 882:891 different subclasses 872:891 different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria 872:914 The first set comprised of peptidoglycan sample belonging to different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria. 29649471 0 31 theme assisted 30:37 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 7 32 theme present 1133:1139 arg1 work 1141:1144 The present work 1129:1144 The present work 1129:1144 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 6 33 from differences 1081:1091 arg1 composition 1116:1126 their peptidoglycan composition 1096:1126 their peptidoglycan composition 1096:1126 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 3 34 theme robust 528:533 arg1 approach 544:551 a more robust and fast approach 521:551 a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies 521:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 8 35 theme present 1310:1316 arg1 work 1318:1321 present work 1310:1321 present work 1310:1321 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 0 36 theme analysis 21:28 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 1 37 theme peptidoglycan 276:288 arg1 sample 290:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 3 38 theme wall 625:628 arg1 targets 630:636 the novel cell wall targets 610:636 the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies 610:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 2 39 theme data 345:348 arg1 sets 350:353 the data sets 341:353 the data sets 341:353 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 7 40 theme useful 1165:1170 arg1 approach 1172:1179 a useful approach 1163:1179 a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1163:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 1 41 theme sample 290:295 arg1 sets 268:271 the chromatographic data sets 243:271 the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample 243:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 1 41 theme sample 290:295 arg1 sample 290:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 peptidoglycan sample 276:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 0 42 theme chromatographic 39:53 arg1 analysis 55:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis 0:62 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 3 43 theme novel 614:618 arg1 targets 630:636 the novel cell wall targets 610:636 the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies 610:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 3 44 theme bacterial 573:581 arg1 collection 583:592 the bacterial collection 569:592 the bacterial collection 569:592 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 5 45 theme peptidoglycan 838:850 arg1 sample 852:857 peptidoglycan sample 838:857 peptidoglycan sample belonging to different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria 838:914 The first set comprised of peptidoglycan sample belonging to different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria. 29649471 0 46 theme bacterial 67:75 arg1 collection 87:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 7 47 theme samples 1262:1268 arg1 sets 1224:1227 the chromatographic data sets 1199:1227 the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1199:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 7 47 theme samples 1262:1268 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 3 48 theme cell 620:623 arg1 targets 630:636 the novel cell wall targets 610:636 the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies 610:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 0 49 dep analysis 55:62 arg1 approach 123:130 A robust classification approach 99:130 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 0:131 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 8 50 theme analysis 1387:1394 arg1 workflow 1396:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 any data analysis workflow 1378:1403 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 3 51 theme subtle 443:448 arg1 differences 450:460 the subtle differences 439:460 the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 439:503 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 3 52 theme biological 650:659 arg1 studies 674:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 3 53 theme peptidoglycan 479:491 arg1 composition 493:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 the bacterial peptidoglycan composition 465:503 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 4 54 theme proposed 702:709 arg1 approach 711:718 the proposed approach 698:718 the proposed approach 698:718 The utility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated by analysing the two different kind of bacterial collections. 29649471 4 55 theme collections 798:808 arg1 kind 780:783 the two different kind 762:783 the two different kind of bacterial collections 762:808 The utility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated by analysing the two different kind of bacterial collections. 29649471 2 56 theme present 330:336 arg1 heterogeneity 316:328 the heterogeneity 312:328 the heterogeneity present in the data sets 312:353 PcoA captures the heterogeneity present in the data sets by using the dissimilarity matrix as input. 29649471 6 57 theme Vibrio 1035:1040 arg1 Cholerae 1042:1049 Vibrio Cholerae 1035:1049 Vibrio Cholerae 1035:1049 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 4 58 theme different 770:778 arg1 kind 780:783 the two different kind 762:783 the two different kind of bacterial collections 762:808 The utility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated by analysing the two different kind of bacterial collections. 29649471 1 59 theme present 140:146 arg1 work 148:151 the present work 136:151 the present work 136:151 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 8 60 theme choice 1368:1373 arg1 PCoA 1344:1347 PCoA 1344:1347 PCoA 1344:1347 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 8 60 theme choice 1368:1373 arg1 method 1358:1363 a method 1356:1363 a method of choice 1356:1373 Furthermore, present work clearly suggest that PCoA can be a method of choice in any data analysis workflow. 29649471 1 61 theme robust 218:223 arg1 model 225:229 a robust model 216:229 a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample 216:295 In the present work, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) is introduced to develop a robust model to classify the chromatographic data sets of peptidoglycan sample. 29649471 0 62 theme wall 82:85 arg1 collection 87:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 3 63 theme further 642:648 arg1 studies 674:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 further biological and clinical studies 642:680 Thus, in principle, it can even capture the subtle differences in the bacterial peptidoglycan composition and can provide a more robust and fast approach for classifying the bacterial collection and identifying the novel cell wall targets for further biological and clinical studies. 29649471 4 64 theme bacterial 788:796 arg1 collections 798:808 bacterial collections 788:808 bacterial collections 788:808 The utility of the proposed approach is successfully demonstrated by analysing the two different kind of bacterial collections. 29649471 6 65 theme wild 1025:1028 arg1 type 1030:1033 different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition 1015:1126 type 1030:1033 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 0 66 theme cell 77:80 arg1 collection 87:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 bacterial cell wall collection 67:96 Principal coordinate analysis assisted chromatographic analysis of bacterial cell wall collection: A robust classification approach. 29649471 6 67 contain having 1067:1072 arg2 differences 1081:1091 subtle differences 1074:1091 subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition 1074:1126 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 6 67 contain having 1067:1072 arg1 mutants 1059:1065 its mutants 1055:1065 its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition 1055:1126 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 29649471 5 68 theme first 815:819 arg1 set 821:823 The first set 811:823 The first set 811:823 The first set comprised of peptidoglycan sample belonging to different subclasses of Alphaproteobacteria. 29649471 7 69 contain having 1270:1275 arg1 samples 1262:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples 1232:1268 chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences 1232:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 7 69 contain having 1270:1275 arg2 differences 1284:1294 subtle differences 1277:1294 subtle differences 1277:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 7 70 theme subtle 1277:1282 arg1 differences 1284:1294 subtle differences 1277:1294 subtle differences 1277:1294 The present work clearly proposes a useful approach that can classify the chromatographic data sets of chromatographic peptidoglycan samples having subtle differences. 29649471 6 71 theme different 1015:1023 arg1 type 1030:1033 different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition 1015:1126 type 1030:1033 Whereas, the second set that is relatively more intricate for the chemometric analysis consist of different wild type Vibrio Cholerae and its mutants having subtle differences in their peptidoglycan composition. 30983326 4 0 theme X-ray 863:867 arg1 spectroscopy 883:894 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 863:894 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 863:894 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 9 1 theme renewable 1783:1791 arg1 films 1812:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films 1756:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications 1756:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 3 2 theme phenolic 655:662 arg1 acid 723:726 syringic acid 714:726 syringic acid 714:726 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 2 theme phenolic 655:662 arg1 acids 664:668 three phenolic acids 649:668 three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 649:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 2 theme phenolic 655:662 arg1 acid 689:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 2 theme phenolic 655:662 arg1 acid 704:707 vanillic acid 695:707 vanillic acid 695:707 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 2 3 theme walls 354:358 arg1 composition 313:323 composition 313:323 composition 313:323 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 2 3 theme walls 354:358 arg1 structure 329:337 structure 329:337 structure 329:337 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 3 4 theme vanillic 695:702 arg1 acids 664:668 three phenolic acids 649:668 three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 649:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 4 theme vanillic 695:702 arg1 acid 704:707 vanillic acid 695:707 vanillic acid 695:707 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 5 theme tetrabutylammonium 535:552 arg1 [OAc 570:573 [N4444][OAc 563:573 [N4444][OAc 563:573 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 5 theme tetrabutylammonium 535:552 arg1 acetate 554:560 tetrabutylammonium acetate 535:560 tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide 535:594 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 1 6 theme environmental 272:284 arg1 footprint 286:294 the environmental footprint 268:294 the environmental footprint 268:294 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 9 7 theme films 1812:1816 arg1 development 1741:1751 the development 1737:1751 the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications 1737:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 7 8 dep flexibility 1493:1503 arg1 strains 1506:1512 strains 1506:1512 strains up to 35% 1506:1522 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 9 theme remarkable 1462:1471 arg1 strength 1473:1480 a remarkable strength 1460:1480 a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa) 1460:1490 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 9 theme remarkable 1462:1471 arg1 GPa 1487:1489 3.5 GPa 1483:1489 3.5 GPa 1483:1489 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 9 10 theme packaging 1822:1830 arg1 applications 1832:1843 packaging applications 1822:1843 packaging applications 1822:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 3 11 theme syringic 714:721 arg1 acid 723:726 syringic acid 714:726 syringic acid 714:726 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 11 theme syringic 714:721 arg1 acids 664:668 three phenolic acids 649:668 three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 649:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 4 12 theme nuclear 921:927 arg1 resonance 938:946 nuclear magnetic resonance 921:946 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 921:959 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 7 13 theme ∼ 1581:1581 arg1 resistance 1565:1574 water resistance 1559:1574 water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°) 1559:1586 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 13 theme ∼ 1581:1581 arg1 90° 1583:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 4 14 theme resonance 938:946 arg1 spectroscopy 948:959 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 921:959 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 921:959 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 6 15 theme cellulose 1260:1268 arg1 Films 1251:1255 Films 1251:1255 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids 1251:1291 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 1 16 theme scientific 222:231 arg1 impact 247:252 their scientific and practical impact 216:252 their scientific and practical impact 216:252 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 4 17 theme elemental 897:905 arg1 analysis 907:914 elemental analysis 897:914 elemental analysis 897:914 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 2 18 dep composition 313:323 arg1 the 309:311 the 309:311 the 309:311 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 7 19 theme water 1559:1563 arg1 resistance 1565:1574 water resistance 1559:1574 water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°) 1559:1586 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 19 theme water 1559:1563 arg1 90° 1583:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 1 20 from point 199:203 arg1 significance 168:179 great significance 162:179 great significance 162:179 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 4 21 theme diffusion-edited 974:989 arg1 NMR 994:996 13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR 962:996 NMR 994:996 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 3 22 theme homogeneous 458:468 arg1 modification 470:481 homogeneous modification 458:481 homogeneous modification 458:481 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 5 23 theme crystalline 1228:1238 arg1 allomorph 1240:1248 the cellulose II crystalline allomorph 1211:1248 the cellulose II crystalline allomorph 1211:1248 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 4 24 dep Fourier 822:828 arg1 transform 830:838 transform 830:838 transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence) 830:1060 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 0 25 theme Ionic 88:92 arg1 Electrolyte 101:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 5 26 theme IL 1139:1140 arg1 plasticization 1142:1155 IL plasticization 1139:1155 IL plasticization 1139:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 8 27 theme composite 1685:1693 arg1 films 1695:1699 poly(lactic acid) composite films 1667:1699 poly(lactic acid) composite films 1667:1699 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 5 28 theme dispersed 1109:1117 arg1 state 1119:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 7 29 theme optical 1526:1532 arg1 transparency 1534:1545 optical transparency 1526:1545 optical transparency (>90%) 1526:1552 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 29 theme optical 1526:1532 arg1 % 1551:1551 >90% 1548:1551 >90% 1548:1551 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 4 30 theme CP-MAS 966:971 arg1 NMR 994:996 13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR 962:996 NMR 994:996 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 2 31 used used 364:367 arg2 we 361:362 we 361:362 we 361:362 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 4 32 theme successful 734:743 arg1 reaction 782:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 5 33 from cellulose 1092:1100 arg1 state 1119:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 6 34 contain carrying 1270:1277 arg2 acids 1287:1291 grafted acids 1279:1291 grafted acids 1279:1291 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 6 34 contain carrying 1270:1277 arg1 cellulose 1260:1268 cellulose 1260:1268 cellulose carrying grafted acids 1260:1291 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 2 35 theme new 416:418 arg1 properties 420:429 new properties 416:429 new properties 416:429 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 5 36 from state 1119:1123 arg1 properties 1078:1087 the properties 1074:1087 the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization 1074:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 1 37 theme great 162:166 arg1 significance 168:179 great significance 162:179 great significance 162:179 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 4 38 theme multiplicity-edited 1002:1020 arg1 coherence 1051:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 1 39 dep point 199:203 arg1 only 185:188 only 185:188 only 185:188 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 5 40 from plasticization 1142:1155 arg1 state 1119:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 0 41 theme Partial 32:38 arg1 Esterification 40:53 Partial Esterification 32:53 Partial Esterification 32:53 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 4 42 theme single 1036:1041 arg1 coherence 1051:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 3 43 theme different 607:615 arg1 levels 617:622 different levels 607:622 different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 607:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 2 44 theme cell 349:352 arg1 walls 354:358 wood's cell walls 342:358 wood's cell walls 342:358 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 4 45 theme Fischer 759:765 arg1 reaction 782:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 9 46 theme next-generation 1760:1774 arg1 films 1812:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films 1756:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications 1756:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 3 47 theme activity 636:643 arg1 levels 617:622 different levels 607:622 different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 607:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 7 48 dep % 1522:1522 arg1 35 1520:1521 35 1520:1521 35 1520:1521 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 3 49 theme p-hydroxybenzoic 672:687 arg1 acids 664:668 three phenolic acids 649:668 three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 649:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 49 theme p-hydroxybenzoic 672:687 arg1 acid 689:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 8 50 theme measured 1603:1610 arg1 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 8 50 theme measured 1603:1610 arg1 barrier 1624:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 5 51 theme cellulose 1215:1223 arg1 allomorph 1240:1248 the cellulose II crystalline allomorph 1211:1248 the cellulose II crystalline allomorph 1211:1248 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 8 52 theme vapor 1618:1622 arg1 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 8 52 theme vapor 1618:1622 arg1 barrier 1624:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 7 53 dep strains 1506:1512 arg1 % 1522:1522 % 1522:1522 % 1522:1522 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 2 54 with fibers 404:409 arg1 properties 420:429 new properties 416:429 new properties 416:429 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 4 55 theme photoelectron 869:881 arg1 spectroscopy 883:894 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 863:894 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 863:894 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 9 56 theme biodegradable 1798:1810 arg1 films 1812:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films 1756:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications 1756:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 6 57 theme grafted 1279:1285 arg1 acids 1287:1291 grafted acids 1279:1291 grafted acids 1279:1291 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 1 58 theme view 208:211 arg1 point 199:203 the point 195:203 the point of view of their scientific and practical impact 195:252 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 7 59 theme WCA 1577:1579 arg1 resistance 1565:1574 water resistance 1559:1574 water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°) 1559:1586 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 7 59 theme WCA 1577:1579 arg1 90° 1583:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 WCA ∼ 90° 1577:1585 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 5 60 theme cellulose 1092:1100 arg1 properties 1078:1087 the properties 1074:1087 the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization 1074:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 4 61 theme magnetic 929:936 arg1 resonance 938:946 nuclear magnetic resonance 921:946 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 921:959 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 6 62 theme packaging 1351:1359 arg1 materials 1361:1369 packaging materials 1351:1369 packaging materials 1351:1369 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 8 63 theme poly 1667:1670 arg1 films 1695:1699 poly(lactic acid) composite films 1667:1699 poly(lactic acid) composite films 1667:1699 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 1 64 theme petroleum-based 130:144 arg1 plastics 146:153 petroleum-based plastics 130:153 petroleum-based plastics 130:153 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 6 65 theme relevant 1339:1346 arg1 properties 1328:1337 properties 1328:1337 properties relevant to packaging materials 1328:1369 Films of cellulose carrying grafted acids were characterized with respect to properties relevant to packaging materials. 30983326 5 66 from properties 1078:1087 arg1 state 1119:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 the dispersed state 1105:1123 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 8 67 theme lactic 1672:1677 arg1 poly 1667:1670 poly 1667:1670 poly(lactic acid) composite films 1667:1699 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 8 67 theme lactic 1672:1677 arg1 acid 1679:1682 lactic acid 1672:1682 lactic acid 1672:1682 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 7 68 theme low 1398:1400 arg1 degree 1402:1407 the low degree 1394:1407 the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25) 1394:1437 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 0 69 theme Low-Concentration 70:86 arg1 Electrolyte 101:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 5 70 theme properties 1078:1087 arg1 Control 1063:1069 Control 1063:1069 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization 1063:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 3 71 theme dimethyl 577:584 arg1 sulfoxide 586:594 dimethyl sulfoxide 577:594 tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide 535:594 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 72 dep acetate 554:560 arg1 sulfoxide 586:594 dimethyl sulfoxide 577:594 tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide 535:594 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 0 73 theme Liquid 94:99 arg1 Electrolyte 101:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 4 74 theme 1H 991:992 arg1 NMR 994:996 13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR 962:996 NMR 994:996 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 5 75 theme plasticization 1142:1155 arg1 properties 1078:1087 the properties 1074:1087 the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization 1074:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 4 76 theme 13C 962:964 arg1 NMR 994:996 13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR 962:996 NMR 994:996 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 0 77 from Esterification 40:53 arg1 Electrolyte 101:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte 70:111 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 1 78 theme practical 237:245 arg1 impact 247:252 their scientific and practical impact 216:252 their scientific and practical impact 216:252 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 3 79 theme fiber 436:440 arg1 dissolution 442:452 The fiber dissolution 432:452 The fiber dissolution 432:452 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 0 80 theme Cellulosic 12:21 arg1 Films 23:27 Cellulosic Films 12:27 Cellulosic Films 12:27 Plasticized Cellulosic Films by Partial Esterification and Welding in Low-Concentration Ionic Liquid Electrolyte. 30983326 5 81 theme welding 1126:1132 arg1 properties 1078:1087 the properties 1074:1087 the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization 1074:1155 Control of the properties of cellulose in the dispersed state, welding, and IL plasticization were achieved during casting and recrystallization to the cellulose II crystalline allomorph. 30983326 4 82 theme quantum 1043:1049 arg1 coherence 1051:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 2 83 theme phenolic 369:376 arg1 acids 378:382 phenolic acids 369:382 phenolic acids 369:382 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 4 84 dep transform 830:838 arg1 infrared 840:847 infrared 840:847 transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence) 830:1060 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 3 85 dep acids 664:668 arg1 acid 723:726 syringic acid 714:726 syringic acid 714:726 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 85 dep acids 664:668 arg1 acids 664:668 three phenolic acids 649:668 three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) 649:727 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 85 dep acids 664:668 arg1 acid 689:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 p-hydroxybenzoic acid 672:692 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 85 dep acids 664:668 arg1 acid 704:707 vanillic acid 695:707 vanillic acid 695:707 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 86 dep liquid 522:527 arg1 [OAc 570:573 [N4444][OAc 563:573 [N4444][OAc 563:573 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 3 86 dep liquid 522:527 arg1 acetate 554:560 tetrabutylammonium acetate 535:560 tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide 535:594 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 7 87 theme esterification 1412:1425 arg1 degree 1402:1407 the low degree 1394:1407 the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25) 1394:1437 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 1 88 theme impact 247:252 arg1 view 208:211 view 208:211 view of their scientific and practical impact 208:252 Alternatives to petroleum-based plastics are of great significance not only from the point of view of their scientific and practical impact but to reduce the environmental footprint. 30983326 2 89 theme cellulosic 393:402 arg1 fibers 404:409 cellulosic fibers 393:409 cellulosic fibers with new properties 393:429 Inspired by the composition and structure of wood's cell walls, we used phenolic acids to endow cellulosic fibers with new properties. 30983326 4 90 theme heteronuclear 1022:1034 arg1 coherence 1051:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 3 91 theme reaction 627:634 arg1 activity 636:643 reaction activity 627:643 reaction activity 627:643 The fiber dissolution and homogeneous modification were performed with a recyclable ionic liquid (IL) (tetrabutylammonium acetate ([N4444][OAc]):dimethyl sulfoxide) to attain different levels of reaction activity for three phenolic acids ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid). 30983326 4 92 theme autocatalytic 745:757 arg1 reaction 782:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 7 93 dep 35 1520:1521 arg1 to 1517:1518 to 1517:1518 to 1517:1518 Most notably, despite the low degree of esterification (DS < 0.25), the films displayed a remarkable strength (3.5 GPa), flexibility (strains up to 35%), optical transparency (>90%), and water resistance (WCA ∼ 90°). 30983326 9 94 theme green 1776:1780 arg1 films 1812:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films 1756:1816 the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications 1756:1843 Overall, the results contribute to the development of the next-generation green, renewable, and biodegradable films for packaging applications. 30983326 4 95 theme esterification 767:780 arg1 reaction 782:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction 730:789 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 4 96 dep spectroscopy 849:860 arg1 coherence 1051:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence 1002:1059 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 4 96 dep spectroscopy 849:860 arg1 NMR 994:996 13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR 962:996 NMR 994:996 The successful autocatalytic Fischer esterification reaction was thoroughly investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP-MAS, diffusion-edited 1H NMR and multiplicity-edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence). 30983326 8 97 theme water 1612:1616 arg1 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 similar 1648:1654 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30983326 8 97 theme water 1612:1616 arg1 barrier 1624:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 the measured water vapor barrier 1599:1630 Moreover, the measured water vapor barrier was found to be similar to that of poly(lactic acid) composite films. 30318208 5 0 theme burst 782:786 arg1 release 788:794 the initial burst release 770:794 the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite 770:853 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 1 theme TEM 521:523 arg1 results 525:531 SEM and TEM results 513:531 SEM and TEM results 513:531 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 2 theme SEM 513:515 arg1 results 525:531 SEM and TEM results 513:531 SEM and TEM results 513:531 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 0 3 theme tri-axial 97:105 arg1 electrospinning 107:121 tri-axial electrospinning 97:121 tri-axial electrospinning 97:121 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 3 4 from fluid 439:443 arg1 electrospinning 496:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 4 5 with morphologies 600:611 arg1 diameter 620:627 a diameter 618:627 a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 618:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 5 with morphologies 600:611 arg1 thickness 699:707 a shell thickness 691:707 a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 691:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 5 6 theme time 942:945 arg1 period 947:952 a time period 940:952 a time period 940:952 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 5 7 theme CA 748:749 arg1 coating 751:757 a CA coating 746:757 a CA coating 746:757 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 8 contain had 573:575 arg1 nanofibers 562:571 the core-shell nanofibers 547:571 the core-shell nanofibers 547:571 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 8 contain had 573:575 arg2 morphologies 600:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies 577:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 577:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 8 contain had 573:575 arg2 structures 675:684 distinct core-shell structures 655:684 distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 655:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 2 9 theme acetate 314:320 arg1 shell 327:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 These comprised a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell. 30318208 5 10 theme coating 751:757 arg1 presence 734:741 The presence 730:741 The presence of a CA coating 730:757 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 3 11 theme triaxial 487:494 arg1 electrospinning 496:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 2 12 theme cellulose 304:312 arg1 shell 327:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 These comprised a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell. 30318208 6 13 theme processing 1034:1043 arg1 conditions 1045:1054 the processing conditions 1030:1054 the processing conditions 1030:1054 Mathematical relationships between the processing conditions, the nanostructures produced, and their functional performance were elucidated. 30318208 3 14 theme simultaneous 366:377 arg1 treatment 379:387 the simultaneous treatment 362:387 the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 362:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 3 15 from solvent 401:407 arg1 electrospinning 496:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 3 16 from electrospinning 496:510 arg1 treatment 379:387 the simultaneous treatment 362:387 the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 362:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 2 17 theme thin 299:302 arg1 shell 327:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 These comprised a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell. 30318208 5 18 from 43.9 h 967:972 arg1 release 904:910 the drug release 895:910 the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h 895:972 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 3 19 theme electrospinnable 453:468 arg1 solution 475:482 an electrospinnable core solution 450:482 an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 450:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 0 20 theme drug 8:11 arg1 release 13:19 Tunable drug release 0:19 Tunable drug release from nanofibers 0:35 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 0 21 from nanofibers 26:35 arg1 release 13:19 Tunable drug release 0:19 Tunable drug release from nanofibers 0:35 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 0 22 theme Tunable 0:6 arg1 release 13:19 Tunable drug release 0:19 Tunable drug release from nanofibers 0:35 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 5 23 theme monolithic 821:830 arg1 composite 845:853 a monolithic drug-protein composite 819:853 a monolithic drug-protein composite 819:853 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 1 24 theme modified 197:204 arg1 process 231:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 In this study, novel core-shell nanostructures were fabricated through a modified triaxial electrospinning process. 30318208 5 25 theme drug-protein 832:843 arg1 composite 845:853 a monolithic drug-protein composite 819:853 a monolithic drug-protein composite 819:853 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 26 theme linear 577:582 arg1 morphologies 600:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies 577:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 577:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 1 27 theme triaxial 206:213 arg1 process 231:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 In this study, novel core-shell nanostructures were fabricated through a modified triaxial electrospinning process. 30318208 3 28 theme outer 395:399 arg1 solvent 401:407 an outer solvent 392:407 an outer solvent 392:407 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 2 29 theme CA 323:324 arg1 shell 327:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 297:331 These comprised a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell. 30318208 1 30 theme electrospinning 215:229 arg1 process 231:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 a modified triaxial electrospinning process 195:237 In this study, novel core-shell nanostructures were fabricated through a modified triaxial electrospinning process. 30318208 3 31 theme middle 432:437 arg1 fluid 439:443 an unelectrospinnable middle fluid 410:443 an unelectrospinnable middle fluid 410:443 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 4 32 theme cylindrical 588:598 arg1 morphologies 600:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies 577:611 linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 577:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 5 33 dep 43.9 h 967:972 arg1 to 964:965 to 964:965 to 964:965 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 2 34 theme drug-protein 258:269 arg1 nanocomposite 271:283 a drug-protein nanocomposite 256:283 a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell 256:331 These comprised a drug-protein nanocomposite coated with a thin cellulose acetate (CA) shell. 30318208 4 35 theme shell 693:697 arg1 thickness 699:707 a shell thickness 691:707 a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 691:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 3 36 theme core 470:473 arg1 solution 475:482 an electrospinnable core solution 450:482 an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 450:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 3 37 theme fluid 439:443 arg1 treatment 379:387 the simultaneous treatment 362:387 the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 362:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 4 38 theme core-shell 551:560 arg1 nanofibers 562:571 the core-shell nanofibers 547:571 the core-shell nanofibers 547:571 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 5 39 theme ibuprofen 799:807 arg1 release 788:794 the initial burst release 770:794 the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite 770:853 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 3 40 from treatment 379:387 arg1 electrospinning 496:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 3 41 theme solution 475:482 arg1 treatment 379:387 the simultaneous treatment 362:387 the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 362:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 0 42 theme blank 49:53 arg1 layers 73:78 blank cellulose acetate layers 49:78 blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning 49:121 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 5 43 theme drug 899:902 arg1 release 904:910 the drug release 895:910 the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h 895:972 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 44 from 0.87 μm 642:648 arg1 diameter 620:627 a diameter 618:627 a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 618:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 3 45 from solution 475:482 arg1 electrospinning 496:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 triaxial electrospinning 487:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 3 46 theme unelectrospinnable 413:430 arg1 fluid 439:443 an unelectrospinnable middle fluid 410:443 an unelectrospinnable middle fluid 410:443 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 4 47 with structures 675:684 arg1 diameter 620:627 a diameter 618:627 a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm 618:648 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 47 with structures 675:684 arg1 thickness 699:707 a shell thickness 691:707 a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 691:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 5 48 theme 90 919:920 arg1 % 921:921 % 921:921 % 921:921 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 49 dep 0.87 μm 642:648 arg1 to 639:640 to 639:640 to 639:640 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 5 50 theme initial 774:780 arg1 release 788:794 the initial burst release 770:794 the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite 770:853 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 5 51 theme % 921:921 arg1 percentage 923:932 a 90% percentage 917:932 a 90% percentage 917:932 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 4 52 dep 11.6 nm 721:727 arg1 to 718:719 to 718:719 to 718:719 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 6 53 theme functional 1096:1105 arg1 performance 1107:1117 their functional performance 1090:1117 their functional performance 1090:1117 Mathematical relationships between the processing conditions, the nanostructures produced, and their functional performance were elucidated. 30318208 6 54 theme Mathematical 995:1006 arg1 relationships 1008:1020 Mathematical relationships 995:1020 Mathematical relationships between the processing conditions, the nanostructures produced, and their functional performance 995:1117 Mathematical relationships between the processing conditions, the nanostructures produced, and their functional performance were elucidated. 30318208 0 55 theme acetate 65:71 arg1 layers 73:78 blank cellulose acetate layers 49:78 blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning 49:121 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 4 56 theme core-shell 664:673 arg1 structures 675:684 distinct core-shell structures 655:684 distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 655:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 4 57 theme distinct 655:662 arg1 structures 675:684 distinct core-shell structures 655:684 distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 655:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 30318208 1 58 theme novel 139:143 arg1 nanostructures 156:169 novel core-shell nanostructures 139:169 novel core-shell nanostructures 139:169 In this study, novel core-shell nanostructures were fabricated through a modified triaxial electrospinning process. 30318208 3 59 theme solvent 401:407 arg1 treatment 379:387 the simultaneous treatment 362:387 the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning 362:510 They were generated through the simultaneous treatment of an outer solvent, an unelectrospinnable middle fluid, and an electrospinnable core solution in triaxial electrospinning. 30318208 0 60 theme cellulose 55:63 arg1 layers 73:78 blank cellulose acetate layers 49:78 blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning 49:121 Tunable drug release from nanofibers coated with blank cellulose acetate layers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning. 30318208 5 61 theme tunable 979:985 arg1 manner 987:992 a tunable manner 977:992 a tunable manner 977:992 The presence of a CA coating eliminated the initial burst release of ibuprofen seen from a monolithic drug-protein composite, and allowed us to precisely manipulate the drug release (for a 90% percentage) over a time period from 23.5 to 43.9 h in a tunable manner. 30318208 1 62 theme core-shell 145:154 arg1 nanostructures 156:169 novel core-shell nanostructures 139:169 novel core-shell nanostructures 139:169 In this study, novel core-shell nanostructures were fabricated through a modified triaxial electrospinning process. 30318208 4 63 from 11.6 nm 721:727 arg1 thickness 699:707 a shell thickness 691:707 a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm 691:727 SEM and TEM results revealed that the core-shell nanofibers had linear and cylindrical morphologies with a diameter from 0.66 to 0.87 μm, and distinct core-shell structures with a shell thickness from 1.8 to 11.6 nm. 29768230 0 0 theme Aloe 93:96 arg1 vera 98:101 Aloe vera 93:101 Aloe vera 93:101 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 6 1 theme nanoparticles 1011:1023 arg1 evaluation 762:771 The evaluation 758:771 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites 758:1044 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 5 2 theme nanopowders-chitosan 652:671 arg1 nanocomposites 673:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 7 3 from applications 1257:1268 arg1 clothing 1284:1291 protective clothing 1273:1291 protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties 1273:1374 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 2 4 from products 290:297 arg1 textiles 302:309 textiles 302:309 textiles 302:309 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 7 5 theme better 1298:1303 arg1 properties 1319:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 6 6 theme nature 970:975 arg1 evaluation 762:771 The evaluation 758:771 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites 758:1044 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 6 7 theme UV-protection 887:899 arg1 properties 901:910 UV-protection properties 887:910 UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1) 887:946 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 6 7 theme UV-protection 887:899 arg1 UV-protection 913:925 UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1 913:945 UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1 913:945 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 4 8 theme particle 580:587 arg1 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 6 9 theme superhydrophobic 953:968 arg1 nature 970:975 superhydrophobic nature 953:975 superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) 953:986 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 6 9 theme superhydrophobic 953:968 arg1 155 ± 3° 978:985 155 ± 3° 978:985 155 ± 3° 978:985 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 2 10 theme phyto 284:288 arg1 products 290:297 nanoscale phyto products 274:297 nanoscale phyto products in textiles 274:309 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 2 11 from textiles 302:309 arg1 use 267:269 the use 263:269 the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics 263:355 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 4 12 theme 40 ± 2 nm 597:605 arg1 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 7 13 theme protective 1273:1282 arg1 clothing 1284:1291 protective clothing 1273:1291 protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties 1273:1374 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 14 theme herbal 1180:1185 arg1 nanoparticles 1187:1199 herbal nanoparticles 1180:1199 herbal nanoparticles 1180:1199 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 2 15 from infection 336:344 arg1 fabrics 349:355 fabrics 349:355 fabrics 349:355 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 2 16 theme nanoscale 274:282 arg1 products 290:297 nanoscale phyto products 274:297 nanoscale phyto products in textiles 274:309 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 6 17 theme disc 1063:1066 arg1 diffusion 1068:1076 disc diffusion 1063:1076 disc diffusion 1063:1076 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 0 18 theme textile 114:120 arg1 applications 122:133 textile applications 114:133 textile applications 114:133 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 7 19 theme functional 1155:1164 arg1 properties 1166:1175 the functional properties 1151:1175 the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles 1151:1199 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 19 theme functional 1155:1164 arg1 particles 1209:1217 coated particles 1202:1217 coated particles on fabrics 1202:1228 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 6 20 theme UV-visible 1079:1088 arg1 analysis 1099:1106 UV-visible spectral analysis 1079:1106 UV-visible spectral analysis 1079:1106 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 6 21 theme angle 1121:1125 arg1 analysis 1127:1134 contact angle analysis 1113:1134 contact angle analysis 1113:1134 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 1 22 theme textile 171:177 arg1 industries 179:188 textile industries 171:188 textile industries due to their unique properties and applications 171:236 Nanomaterials play a vital role in textile industries due to their unique properties and applications. 29768230 6 23 theme composites 1035:1044 arg1 evaluation 762:771 The evaluation 758:771 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites 758:1044 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 7 24 theme coated 1202:1207 arg1 properties 1166:1175 the functional properties 1151:1175 the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles 1151:1199 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 24 theme coated 1202:1207 arg1 particles 1209:1217 coated particles 1202:1217 coated particles on fabrics 1202:1228 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 3 25 theme Aloe 443:446 arg1 plant 453:457 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves 431:464 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives 431:515 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 3 26 theme herbal 372:377 arg1 nanoparticles 379:391 natural herbal nanoparticles 364:391 natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes 364:410 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 7 27 theme antimicrobial 1305:1317 arg1 properties 1319:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 5 28 theme A. 644:645 arg1 nanocomposites 673:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 7 29 theme UV-protection 1351:1363 arg1 properties 1365:1374 UV-protection properties 1351:1374 UV-protection properties 1351:1374 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 30 theme potential 1247:1255 arg1 applications 1257:1268 their potential applications 1241:1268 their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties 1241:1374 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 1 31 theme due 190:192 arg1 industries 179:188 textile industries 171:188 textile industries due to their unique properties and applications 171:236 Nanomaterials play a vital role in textile industries due to their unique properties and applications. 29768230 5 32 theme vera 647:650 arg1 nanocomposites 673:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites 644:686 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 2 33 from increase 251:258 arg1 use 267:269 the use 263:269 the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics 263:355 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 4 34 from size 589:592 arg1 269 nm 636:641 269 nm 636:641 269 nm 636:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 7 35 theme nanoparticles 1187:1199 arg1 properties 1166:1175 the functional properties 1151:1175 the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles 1151:1199 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 35 theme nanoparticles 1187:1199 arg1 particles 1209:1217 coated particles 1202:1217 coated particles on fabrics 1202:1228 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 8 36 theme protective 1495:1504 arg1 fabrics 1514:1520 protective textile fabrics 1495:1520 protective textile fabrics 1495:1520 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 0 37 theme UV-blocking 14:24 arg1 properties 44:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties 10:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera 10:101 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 4 38 theme average 572:578 arg1 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 8 39 theme fabric 1465:1470 arg1 performance 1472:1482 the fabric performance 1461:1482 the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields 1461:1553 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 2 40 theme products 290:297 arg1 use 267:269 the use 263:269 the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics 263:355 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 1 41 theme unique 203:208 arg1 properties 210:219 their unique properties 197:219 their unique properties 197:219 Nanomaterials play a vital role in textile industries due to their unique properties and applications. 29768230 3 42 theme sizes 406:410 arg1 nanoparticles 379:391 natural herbal nanoparticles 364:391 natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes 364:410 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 6 43 theme herbal 1004:1009 arg1 nanoparticles 1011:1023 the prepared herbal nanoparticles 991:1023 the prepared herbal nanoparticles 991:1023 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 5 44 theme pad-dry 737:743 arg1 method 750:755 pad-dry cure method 737:755 pad-dry cure method 737:755 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 4 45 from 269 nm 636:641 arg1 40 ± 2 nm 597:605 40 ± 2 nm 597:605 40 ± 2 nm 597:605 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 4 45 from 269 nm 636:641 arg1 maximum 625:631 UV-absorption maximum 611:631 UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 611:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 4 45 from 269 nm 636:641 arg1 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 3 46 theme vera 448:451 arg1 plant 453:457 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves 431:464 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives 431:515 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 0 47 theme antimicrobial 30:42 arg1 properties 44:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties 10:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera 10:101 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 4 48 theme herbal 532:537 arg1 nanoparticles 547:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 5 49 theme cure 745:748 arg1 method 750:755 pad-dry cure method 737:755 pad-dry cure method 737:755 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 6 50 theme properties 901:910 arg1 evaluation 762:771 The evaluation 758:771 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites 758:1044 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 8 51 theme textile 1506:1512 arg1 fabrics 1514:1520 protective textile fabrics 1495:1520 protective textile fabrics 1495:1520 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 6 52 theme spectral 1090:1097 arg1 analysis 1099:1106 UV-visible spectral analysis 1079:1106 UV-visible spectral analysis 1079:1106 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 0 53 theme herbal 58:63 arg1 nanoparticles 65:77 herbal nanoparticles 58:77 herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera 58:101 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 4 54 theme amorphous 522:530 arg1 nanoparticles 547:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 3 55 theme shade-dried 431:441 arg1 plant 453:457 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves 431:464 shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives 431:515 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 7 56 with clothing 1284:1291 arg1 hydrophobicity 1331:1344 hydrophobicity 1331:1344 hydrophobicity 1331:1344 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 56 with clothing 1284:1291 arg1 properties 1319:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 better antimicrobial properties 1298:1328 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 7 56 with clothing 1284:1291 arg1 properties 1365:1374 UV-protection properties 1351:1374 UV-protection properties 1351:1374 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 6 57 theme activity 790:797 arg1 evaluation 762:771 The evaluation 758:771 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites 758:1044 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 8 58 theme herbal 1405:1410 arg1 nanoparticles 1412:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 3 59 theme different 396:404 arg1 sizes 406:410 different sizes 396:410 different sizes 396:410 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 4 60 theme vera 542:545 arg1 nanoparticles 547:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 6 61 theme contact 1113:1119 arg1 analysis 1127:1134 contact angle analysis 1113:1134 contact angle analysis 1113:1134 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 6 62 theme antibacterial 776:788 arg1 activity 790:797 antibacterial activity 776:797 antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm) 776:884 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 2 63 theme bacterial 326:334 arg1 infection 336:344 the bacterial infection 322:344 the bacterial infection in fabrics 322:355 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 4 64 contain possess 561:567 arg2 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 4 64 contain possess 561:567 arg1 nanoparticles 547:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 4 65 theme A. 539:540 arg1 nanoparticles 547:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles 518:559 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 6 66 theme prepared 995:1002 arg1 nanoparticles 1011:1023 the prepared herbal nanoparticles 991:1023 the prepared herbal nanoparticles 991:1023 The evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (22.05 ± 0.06 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.17 ± 0.02 mm), UV-protection properties (UV-protection factor = 57.2 ± 0.1), and superhydrophobic nature (155 ± 3°) of the prepared herbal nanoparticles and their composites were analysed by disc diffusion, UV-visible spectral analysis, and contact angle analysis. 29768230 8 67 theme biomedical 1537:1546 arg1 fields 1548:1553 biomedical fields 1537:1553 biomedical fields 1537:1553 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 7 68 from particles 1209:1217 arg1 fabrics 1222:1228 fabrics 1222:1228 fabrics 1222:1228 Understanding the functional properties of herbal nanoparticles, coated particles on fabrics highlights their potential applications in protective clothing with better antimicrobial properties, hydrophobicity, and UV-protection properties. 29768230 3 69 theme ball 472:475 arg1 technique 485:493 ball milling technique 472:493 ball milling technique 472:493 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 2 70 from use 267:269 arg1 textiles 302:309 textiles 302:309 textiles 302:309 There is an increase in the use of nanoscale phyto products in textiles to control the bacterial infection in fabrics. 29768230 4 71 theme UV-absorption 611:623 arg1 maximum 625:631 UV-absorption maximum 611:631 UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 611:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 29768230 5 72 theme cotton 716:721 arg1 fabrics 723:729 cotton fabrics 716:729 cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method 716:755 A. vera nanopowders-chitosan nanocomposites were prepared and coated on cotton fabrics using pad-dry cure method. 29768230 3 73 dep plant 453:457 arg1 leaves 459:464 leaves 459:464 leaves 459:464 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 3 74 theme milling 477:483 arg1 technique 485:493 ball milling technique 472:493 ball milling technique 472:493 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 8 75 theme vera 1400:1403 arg1 nanoparticles 1412:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 8 76 theme A. 1397:1398 arg1 nanoparticles 1412:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 A. vera herbal nanoparticles 1397:1424 This study of using A. vera herbal nanoparticles in textiles significantly enhances the fabric performance to develop protective textile fabrics in defence and biomedical fields. 29768230 0 77 theme nanoparticles 65:77 arg1 properties 44:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties 10:53 the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera 10:101 Screening the UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties of herbal nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaves for textile applications. 29768230 3 78 theme natural 364:370 arg1 nanoparticles 379:391 natural herbal nanoparticles 364:391 natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes 364:410 Here, natural herbal nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared from shade-dried Aloe vera plant leaves using ball milling technique without any additives. 29768230 1 79 theme vital 157:161 arg1 role 163:166 a vital role 155:166 a vital role 155:166 Nanomaterials play a vital role in textile industries due to their unique properties and applications. 29768230 4 80 theme maximum 625:631 arg1 size 589:592 an average particle size 569:592 an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm 569:641 The amorphous herbal A. vera nanoparticles possess an average particle size of 40 ± 2 nm and UV-absorption maximum at 269 nm. 31720636 0 0 theme theoretical 103:113 arg1 investigations 115:128 experimental and theoretical investigations 86:128 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 0:129 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 2 1 from co-existence 441:452 arg1 composite 489:497 the ternary composite 477:497 the ternary composite 477:497 Its morphology, microstructure and components have been analyzed by using XRD, SEM, TEM and EDS, and the results corroborate the co-existence of three components in the ternary composite. 31720636 5 2 theme photogenerated 969:982 arg1 electrons 984:992 photogenerated electrons 969:992 photogenerated electrons 969:992 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 3 3 theme ZnO 520:522 arg1 particles 524:532 ZnO particles 520:532 ZnO particles 520:532 It is revealed that ZnO particles are connected to the layered g-C3N4 and simultaneously attached to the cellulose substrate. 31720636 1 4 theme facile 297:302 arg1 method 304:309 a facile method 295:309 a facile method 295:309 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 7 5 with endowed 1213:1219 arg1 activity 1250:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 5 6 theme experimental 765:776 arg1 results 794:800 Both experimental and theoretical results 760:800 Both experimental and theoretical results 760:800 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 3 7 theme layered 555:561 arg1 g-C3N4 563:568 the layered g-C3N4 551:568 the layered g-C3N4 551:568 It is revealed that ZnO particles are connected to the layered g-C3N4 and simultaneously attached to the cellulose substrate. 31720636 3 8 attach attached 589:596 arg1 substrate 615:623 the cellulose substrate 601:623 the cellulose substrate 601:623 It is revealed that ZnO particles are connected to the layered g-C3N4 and simultaneously attached to the cellulose substrate. 31720636 3 8 attach attached 589:596 arg2 particles 524:532 ZnO particles 520:532 ZnO particles 520:532 It is revealed that ZnO particles are connected to the layered g-C3N4 and simultaneously attached to the cellulose substrate. 31720636 4 9 theme g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose 730:749 arg1 cluster 751:757 a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 721:757 a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 721:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 5 10 theme high-efficiency 931:945 arg1 separation 955:964 high-efficiency spatial separation 931:964 high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes 931:1002 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 5 11 theme theoretical 782:792 arg1 results 794:800 Both experimental and theoretical results 760:800 Both experimental and theoretical results 760:800 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 5 12 theme electrons 984:992 arg1 separation 955:964 high-efficiency spatial separation 931:964 high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes 931:1002 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 1 13 dep composite 162:170 arg1 labeled 173:179 labeled 173:179 labeled as CNZCel 173:189 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 1 14 theme ordered 200:206 arg1 structure 208:216 an ordered structure 197:216 an ordered structure 197:216 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 2 15 theme components 463:472 arg1 co-existence 441:452 the co-existence 437:452 the co-existence of three components in the ternary composite 437:497 Its morphology, microstructure and components have been analyzed by using XRD, SEM, TEM and EDS, and the results corroborate the co-existence of three components in the ternary composite. 31720636 7 16 theme packaging 1177:1185 arg1 materials 1187:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 4 17 theme density 693:699 arg1 study 712:716 the relativistic density functional study 676:716 the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 676:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 5 18 theme ternary 859:865 arg1 composite 867:875 the ternary composite 855:875 the ternary composite 855:875 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 1 19 with composite 162:170 arg1 structure 208:216 an ordered structure 197:216 an ordered structure 197:216 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 1 19 with composite 162:170 arg1 properties 246:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 4 20 theme relativistic 680:691 arg1 study 712:716 the relativistic density functional study 676:716 the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 676:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 0 21 theme g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose 33:52 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 0:129 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 6 22 theme composite 1057:1065 arg1 performance 1038:1048 good antibacterial performance 1019:1048 good antibacterial performance of the composite 1019:1065 Consequently, good antibacterial performance of the composite has been found in tests. 31720636 7 23 theme environment-friendly 1151:1170 arg1 materials 1187:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 1 24 theme excellent 222:230 arg1 properties 246:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 0 25 theme heterostructured 16:31 arg1 g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose 33:52 heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose 16:52 heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose 16:52 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 7 26 theme food 1172:1175 arg1 materials 1187:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 1 27 theme g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose 133:152 arg1 composite 162:170 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite 131:170 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties 131:255 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 1 28 theme antibacterial 232:244 arg1 properties 246:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 excellent antibacterial properties 222:255 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 5 29 theme interfacial 819:829 arg1 interactions 839:850 the interfacial bonding interactions 815:850 the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite 815:875 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 5 30 theme holes 998:1002 arg1 separation 955:964 high-efficiency spatial separation 931:964 high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes 931:1002 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 7 31 theme low-cost 1138:1145 arg1 materials 1187:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials 1138:1195 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 3 32 theme cellulose 605:613 arg1 substrate 615:623 the cellulose substrate 601:623 the cellulose substrate 601:623 It is revealed that ZnO particles are connected to the layered g-C3N4 and simultaneously attached to the cellulose substrate. 31720636 5 33 theme spatial 947:953 arg1 separation 955:964 high-efficiency spatial separation 931:964 high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes 931:1002 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 2 34 theme ternary 481:487 arg1 composite 489:497 the ternary composite 477:497 the ternary composite 477:497 Its morphology, microstructure and components have been analyzed by using XRD, SEM, TEM and EDS, and the results corroborate the co-existence of three components in the ternary composite. 31720636 5 35 theme bonding 831:837 arg1 interactions 839:850 the interfacial bonding interactions 815:850 the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite 815:875 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 0 36 theme activity 76:83 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 0:129 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 6 37 theme antibacterial 1024:1036 arg1 performance 1038:1048 good antibacterial performance 1019:1048 good antibacterial performance of the composite 1019:1065 Consequently, good antibacterial performance of the composite has been found in tests. 31720636 1 38 theme ternary 154:160 arg1 composite 162:170 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite 131:170 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties 131:255 A g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose ternary composite (labeled as CNZCel) with an ordered structure and excellent antibacterial properties has been successfully synthesized via a facile method. 31720636 0 39 theme antibacterial 62:74 arg1 activity 76:83 its antibacterial activity 58:83 its antibacterial activity 58:83 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 6 40 theme good 1019:1022 arg1 performance 1038:1048 good antibacterial performance 1019:1048 good antibacterial performance of the composite 1019:1065 Consequently, good antibacterial performance of the composite has been found in tests. 31720636 4 41 theme finite 723:728 arg1 cluster 751:757 a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 721:757 a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 721:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 7 42 theme antibacterial 1236:1248 arg1 activity 1250:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 6 43 located found 1076:1080 arg1 tests 1085:1089 tests 1085:1089 tests 1085:1089 Consequently, good antibacterial performance of the composite has been found in tests. 31720636 6 43 located found 1076:1080 arg2 performance 1038:1048 good antibacterial performance 1019:1048 good antibacterial performance of the composite 1019:1065 Consequently, good antibacterial performance of the composite has been found in tests. 31720636 4 44 theme cluster 751:757 arg1 study 712:716 the relativistic density functional study 676:716 the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 676:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 0 45 theme experimental 86:97 arg1 investigations 115:128 experimental and theoretical investigations 86:128 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 0:129 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 5 46 theme electron 885:892 arg1 transfer 894:901 electron transfer 885:901 electron transfer among components 885:918 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 7 47 theme excellent 1226:1234 arg1 activity 1250:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 excellent antibacterial activity 1226:1257 This study provides the prospect of preparing low-cost and environment-friendly food packaging materials, which are also endowed with excellent antibacterial activity. 31720636 5 48 from interactions 839:850 arg1 composite 867:875 the ternary composite 855:875 the ternary composite 855:875 Both experimental and theoretical results unravel that the interfacial bonding interactions in the ternary composite improve electron transfer among components and enable high-efficiency spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes. 31720636 0 49 dep Construction 0:11 arg1 investigations 115:128 experimental and theoretical investigations 86:128 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 0:129 Construction of heterostructured g-C3N4/ZnO/cellulose and its antibacterial activity: experimental and theoretical investigations. 31720636 4 50 theme functional 701:710 arg1 study 712:716 the relativistic density functional study 676:716 the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster 676:757 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 31720636 4 51 theme microstructural 631:645 arg1 feature 647:653 This microstructural feature 626:653 This microstructural feature 626:653 This microstructural feature is also borne out by the relativistic density functional study of a finite g-C3N4-ZnO-cellulose cluster. 29378272 0 0 theme hybrid 94:99 arg1 nanoparticles 101:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles 78:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging 78:136 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 1 1 theme metal 174:178 arg1 nanoparticles 180:192 metal nanoparticles 174:192 metal nanoparticles 174:192 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 0 2 theme oxide/gold 83:92 arg1 nanoparticles 101:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles 78:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging 78:136 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 6 3 dep possess 991:997 arg1 aid 1182:1184 aid 1182:1184 could aid in targeted drug delivery 1176:1210 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 6 3 dep possess 991:997 arg1 wherein 1074:1080 wherein 1074:1080 wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation 1074:1174 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 4 4 from assay 773:777 arg1 cells 753:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 3 5 theme hybrid 518:523 arg1 nanoparticles 525:537 iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles 508:537 iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles 508:537 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 3 6 theme oleyl 552:556 arg1 chitosan 558:565 oleyl chitosan 552:565 oleyl chitosan 552:565 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 6 7 contain possess 991:997 arg1 nanocomposite 977:989 the prepared nanocomposite 964:989 the prepared nanocomposite 964:989 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 6 7 contain possess 991:997 arg2 property 1032:1039 magnetic property 1023:1039 magnetic property 1023:1039 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 6 7 contain possess 991:997 arg2 cytocompatibility 1004:1020 good cytocompatibility 999:1020 good cytocompatibility 999:1020 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 6 7 contain possess 991:997 arg2 attenuation 1061:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 1 8 theme imaging 275:281 arg1 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 8 theme imaging 275:281 arg1 etc 283:285 imaging etc 275:285 imaging etc 275:285 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 6 9 theme CT 1134:1135 arg1 diagnosis 1137:1145 CT diagnosis 1134:1145 CT diagnosis 1134:1145 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 5 10 theme composite 919:927 arg1 potential 902:910 the potential 898:910 the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent 898:956 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 3 11 theme iron/gold 508:516 arg1 nanoparticles 525:537 iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles 508:537 iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles 508:537 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 4 12 theme HR-TEM 605:610 arg1 images 612:617 The HR-TEM images 601:617 The HR-TEM images 601:617 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 2 13 theme entity 377:382 arg1 use 363:365 the use 359:365 the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment 359:423 Theranostics emerge as an important field of science, which focuses on the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment. 29378272 3 14 theme present 430:436 arg1 work 438:441 The present work 426:441 The present work 426:441 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 5 15 theme VSM 791:793 arg1 results 795:801 the VSM results 787:801 the VSM results 787:801 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 6 16 theme novel 1102:1106 arg1 it 1082:1083 it 1082:1083 it 1082:1083 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 6 16 theme novel 1102:1106 arg1 platform 1108:1115 a novel platform 1100:1115 a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis 1100:1145 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 4 17 theme hemolysis 763:771 arg1 assay 773:777 hemolysis assay 763:777 hemolysis assay 763:777 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 4 18 theme 3T3 749:751 arg1 cells 753:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 1 19 theme wide 202:205 arg1 range 207:211 a wide range 200:211 a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc 200:285 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 5 20 theme phantom 844:850 arg1 images 852:857 the MRI phantom images 836:857 the MRI phantom images 836:857 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 2 21 theme single 370:375 arg1 entity 377:382 single entity 370:382 single entity 370:382 Theranostics emerge as an important field of science, which focuses on the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment. 29378272 4 22 from assay 736:740 arg1 cells 753:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 2 23 theme important 314:322 arg1 field 324:328 an important field 311:328 an important field 311:328 Theranostics emerge as an important field of science, which focuses on the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment. 29378272 6 24 theme high 1050:1053 arg1 attenuation 1061:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 5 25 theme magnetic 817:824 arg1 property 826:833 the magnetic property 813:833 the magnetic property 813:833 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 0 26 theme CT 127:128 arg1 imaging 130:136 CT imaging 127:136 CT imaging 127:136 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 4 27 theme NIH 745:747 arg1 cells 753:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 NIH 3T3 cells 745:757 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 1 28 theme biomedical 216:225 arg1 applications 227:238 biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc 216:285 biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc 216:285 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 0 29 theme acting 41:46 arg1 chitosan 54:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 4 30 theme nontoxic 678:685 arg1 property 705:712 it's nontoxic and biocompatible property 673:712 it's nontoxic and biocompatible property 673:712 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 6 31 theme drug 1198:1201 arg1 delivery 1203:1210 targeted drug delivery 1189:1210 targeted drug delivery 1189:1210 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 5 32 theme X-ray 863:867 arg1 images 878:883 X-ray contrast images 863:883 X-ray contrast images 863:883 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 1 33 theme applications 227:238 arg1 range 207:211 a wide range 200:211 a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc 200:285 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 0 34 theme dual 36:39 arg1 chitosan 54:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 6 35 theme good 999:1002 arg1 cytocompatibility 1004:1020 good cytocompatibility 999:1020 good cytocompatibility 999:1020 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 5 36 theme MRI 840:842 arg1 images 852:857 the MRI phantom images 836:857 the MRI phantom images 836:857 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 2 37 theme disease 393:399 arg1 diagnosis 401:409 disease diagnosis 393:409 disease diagnosis 393:409 Theranostics emerge as an important field of science, which focuses on the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment. 29378272 0 38 theme chitosan 54:61 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 0 38 theme chitosan 54:61 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 5 39 theme contrast 869:876 arg1 images 878:883 X-ray contrast images 863:883 X-ray contrast images 863:883 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 0 40 theme oleyl 48:52 arg1 chitosan 54:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 dual acting oleyl chitosan 36:61 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 6 41 theme X-ray 1055:1059 arg1 attenuation 1061:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 high X-ray attenuation 1050:1071 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 4 42 theme MTT 732:734 arg1 assay 736:740 the MTT assay 728:740 the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells 728:757 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 1 43 dep applications 227:238 arg1 etc 283:285 imaging etc 275:285 imaging etc 275:285 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 43 dep applications 227:238 arg1 delivery 265:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 43 dep applications 227:238 arg1 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 6 44 theme targeted 1189:1196 arg1 delivery 1203:1210 targeted drug delivery 1189:1210 targeted drug delivery 1189:1210 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 3 45 theme multifunctional 464:478 arg1 nanocomposite 480:492 a multifunctional nanocomposite 462:492 a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate 462:598 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 3 46 dep nanoparticles 525:537 arg1 conjugated 571:580 conjugated 571:580 conjugated with methotrexate 571:598 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 3 46 dep nanoparticles 525:537 arg1 coated 540:545 coated 540:545 coated with oleyl chitosan 540:565 The present work aimed at designing a multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of iron/gold hybrid nanoparticles, coated with oleyl chitosan and conjugated with methotrexate. 29378272 6 47 theme magnetic 1023:1030 arg1 property 1032:1039 magnetic property 1023:1039 magnetic property 1023:1039 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 5 48 theme contrast 943:950 arg1 agent 952:956 contrast agent 943:956 contrast agent 943:956 Though the VSM results exhibited the magnetic property, the MRI phantom images and X-ray contrast images demonstrated the potential of the composite to be used as contrast agent. 29378272 2 49 theme science 333:339 arg1 field 324:328 an important field 311:328 an important field 311:328 Theranostics emerge as an important field of science, which focuses on the use of single entity for both disease diagnosis and treatment. 29378272 1 50 theme site 246:249 arg1 delivery 265:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 50 theme site 246:249 arg1 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 0 51 theme iron 78:81 arg1 nanoparticles 101:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles 78:113 iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging 78:136 Fabrication and characterization of dual acting oleyl chitosan functionalised iron oxide/gold hybrid nanoparticles for MRI and CT imaging. 29378272 4 52 theme composite 656:664 arg1 nature 642:647 the spherical nature 628:647 the spherical nature of the composite 628:664 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 6 53 theme drug 1159:1162 arg1 conjugation 1164:1174 drug conjugation 1159:1174 drug conjugation 1159:1174 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 4 54 theme biocompatible 691:703 arg1 property 705:712 it's nontoxic and biocompatible property 673:712 it's nontoxic and biocompatible property 673:712 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 1 55 theme targeted 251:258 arg1 delivery 265:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 55 theme targeted 251:258 arg1 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 6 56 theme prepared 968:975 arg1 nanocomposite 977:989 the prepared nanocomposite 964:989 the prepared nanocomposite 964:989 Thus the prepared nanocomposite possess good cytocompatibility, magnetic property and also high X-ray attenuation, wherein it could serve as a novel platform for both MRI and CT diagnosis, as well as drug conjugation could aid in targeted drug delivery. 29378272 4 57 theme spherical 632:640 arg1 nature 642:647 the spherical nature 628:647 the spherical nature of the composite 628:664 The HR-TEM images revealed the spherical nature of the composite, while it's nontoxic and biocompatible property was proved by the MTT assay in NIH 3T3 cells and hemolysis assay. 29378272 1 58 theme drug 260:263 arg1 delivery 265:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 site targeted drug delivery 246:272 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 29378272 1 58 theme drug 260:263 arg1 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 viz. 240:243 Bionanocomposites fabricated using metal nanoparticles serve a wide range of biomedical applications viz., site targeted drug delivery, imaging etc. 31546181 3 0 from fibres 463:468 arg1 rich 445:448 rich 445:448 rich 445:448 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 1 1 theme municipal 146:154 arg1 wastewater 156:165 municipal wastewater 146:165 municipal wastewater 146:165 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 6 2 theme cellulosic 751:760 arg1 material 762:769 cellulosic material 751:769 cellulosic material 751:769 Predictive equation of cellulosic material was further obtained. 31546181 5 3 theme cellulose 633:641 arg1 Content 622:628 Content 622:628 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin 622:667 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 3 4 theme possible 474:481 arg1 valorisation 483:494 possible valorisation 474:494 possible valorisation in construction applications 474:523 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 9 5 theme simplified 1081:1090 arg1 assessment 1101:1110 a simplified economic assessment 1079:1110 a simplified economic assessment 1079:1110 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 8 6 theme mechanical 956:965 arg1 properties 967:976 mechanical properties 956:976 mechanical properties 956:976 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 7 7 from benefits 853:860 arg1 terms 865:869 terms 865:869 terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 865:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 0 8 from sludge 43:48 arg1 recovery 22:29 cellulose recovery 12:29 cellulose recovery from sewage sludge 12:48 Pilot scale cellulose recovery from sewage sludge and reuse in building and construction material. 31546181 1 9 from paper 135:139 arg1 one 170:172 one 170:172 one 170:172 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 9 from paper 135:139 arg1 recovery 103:110 The recovery 99:110 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater 99:165 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 9 from paper 135:139 arg1 actions 197:203 the most innovative actions 177:203 the most innovative actions in the circular economy context 177:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 9 10 theme possible 1133:1140 arg1 blends 1152:1157 two possible pre-mixed blends 1129:1157 two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content 1129:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 8 11 theme flexural 979:986 arg1 strength 988:995 flexural strength 979:995 flexural strength 979:995 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 3 12 theme rotating 377:384 arg1 filters 391:397 rotating belt filters 377:397 rotating belt filters 377:397 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 1 13 from cellulose 115:123 arg1 paper 135:139 toilet paper 128:139 toilet paper 128:139 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 3 14 theme construction 499:510 arg1 applications 512:523 construction applications 499:523 construction applications 499:523 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 7 15 theme cellulose 819:827 arg1 fibres 829:834 recovered cellulose fibres 809:834 recovered cellulose fibres in mortars 809:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 8 16 theme % 1033:1033 arg1 addition 1019:1026 the addition 1015:1026 the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres 1015:1063 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 3 17 from rich 445:448 arg1 fibres 463:468 cellulose fibres 453:468 cellulose fibres 453:468 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 7 18 theme fibres 829:834 arg1 addition 797:804 The addition 793:804 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars 793:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 4 19 theme cellulosic 536:545 arg1 material 547:554 Recovered cellulosic material 526:554 Recovered cellulosic material 526:554 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 1 20 from recovery 103:110 arg1 paper 135:139 toilet paper 128:139 toilet paper 128:139 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 0 21 dep building 63:70 arg1 material 89:96 material 89:96 material 89:96 Pilot scale cellulose recovery from sewage sludge and reuse in building and construction material. 31546181 6 22 theme material 762:769 arg1 equation 739:746 Predictive equation 728:746 Predictive equation of cellulosic material 728:769 Predictive equation of cellulosic material was further obtained. 31546181 4 23 theme Recovered 526:534 arg1 material 547:554 Recovered cellulosic material 526:554 Recovered cellulosic material 526:554 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 8 24 theme recovered 1038:1046 arg1 fibres 1058:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 3 25 from valorisation 483:494 arg1 applications 512:523 construction applications 499:523 construction applications 499:523 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 7 26 theme % 939:939 arg1 value 923:927 moisture buffering value 904:927 moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 904:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 7 26 theme % 939:939 arg1 UR 940:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 0 27 theme cellulose 12:20 arg1 recovery 22:29 cellulose recovery 12:29 cellulose recovery from sewage sludge 12:48 Pilot scale cellulose recovery from sewage sludge and reuse in building and construction material. 31546181 4 28 dep 26.6 gm-3 576:584 arg1 up 570:571 up 570:571 up 570:571 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 2 29 theme reinforcing 312:322 arg1 components 324:333 reinforcing components 312:333 reinforcing components in binder-based materials 312:359 In fact, fibres could address possible new uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials. 31546181 7 30 theme 0.17 g/m2 930:938 arg1 value 923:927 moisture buffering value 904:927 moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 904:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 7 30 theme 0.17 g/m2 930:938 arg1 UR 940:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 1 31 theme toilet 128:133 arg1 paper 135:139 toilet paper 128:139 toilet paper 128:139 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 0 32 theme sewage 36:41 arg1 sludge 43:48 sewage sludge 36:48 sewage sludge 36:48 Pilot scale cellulose recovery from sewage sludge and reuse in building and construction material. 31546181 8 33 theme fibres 1058:1063 arg1 fibres 1058:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 8 33 theme fibres 1058:1063 arg1 % 1033:1033 20% 1031:1033 20% of recovered cellulose fibres 1031:1063 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 1 34 theme innovative 186:195 arg1 actions 197:203 the most innovative actions 177:203 the most innovative actions in the circular economy context 177:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 3 35 theme belt 386:389 arg1 filters 391:397 rotating belt filters 377:397 rotating belt filters 377:397 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 9 36 with blends 1152:1157 arg1 % 1165:1165 5% 1164:1165 5% 1164:1165 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 9 36 with blends 1152:1157 arg1 % 1173:1173 20% 1171:1173 20% 1171:1173 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 9 36 with blends 1152:1157 arg1 content 1195:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 8 37 theme cellulose 1048:1056 arg1 fibres 1058:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 recovered cellulose fibres 1038:1063 Concerning mechanical properties, flexural strength was improved with the addition of 20% of recovered cellulose fibres. 31546181 9 38 theme recovered 1178:1186 arg1 content 1195:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 7 39 from addition 797:804 arg1 mortars 839:845 mortars 839:845 mortars 839:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 6 40 theme Predictive 728:737 arg1 equation 739:746 Predictive equation 728:746 Predictive equation of cellulosic material 728:769 Predictive equation of cellulosic material was further obtained. 31546181 1 41 theme actions 197:203 arg1 one 170:172 one 170:172 one 170:172 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 41 theme actions 197:203 arg1 recovery 103:110 The recovery 99:110 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater 99:165 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 41 theme actions 197:203 arg1 actions 197:203 the most innovative actions 177:203 the most innovative actions in the circular economy context 177:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 7 42 theme recovered 809:817 arg1 fibres 829:834 recovered cellulose fibres 809:834 recovered cellulose fibres in mortars 809:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 5 43 theme hemicellulose 644:656 arg1 Content 622:628 Content 622:628 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin 622:667 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 9 44 theme fibres 1188:1193 arg1 content 1195:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 1 45 from actions 197:203 arg1 context 229:235 the circular economy context 208:235 the circular economy context 208:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 2 46 dep new 277:279 arg1 uses 281:284 uses 281:284 uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials 281:359 In fact, fibres could address possible new uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials. 31546181 7 47 theme value 923:927 arg1 terms 865:869 terms 865:869 terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 865:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 3 48 theme sludge 438:443 arg1 recovery 426:433 the recovery 422:433 the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications 422:523 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 9 49 theme content 1195:1201 arg1 % 1165:1165 5% 1164:1165 5% 1164:1165 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 9 49 theme content 1195:1201 arg1 % 1173:1173 20% 1171:1173 20% 1171:1173 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 9 49 theme content 1195:1201 arg1 content 1195:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 recovered fibres content 1178:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 7 50 theme buffering 913:921 arg1 value 923:927 moisture buffering value 904:927 moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 904:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 7 50 theme buffering 913:921 arg1 UR 940:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 9 51 theme economic 1092:1099 arg1 assessment 1101:1110 a simplified economic assessment 1079:1110 a simplified economic assessment 1079:1110 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 3 52 theme cellulose 453:461 arg1 fibres 463:468 cellulose fibres 453:468 cellulose fibres 453:468 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 7 53 theme moisture 904:911 arg1 value 923:927 moisture buffering value 904:927 moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 904:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 7 53 theme moisture 904:911 arg1 UR 940:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 0.17 g/m2%UR 930:941 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 5 54 theme lignin 662:667 arg1 Content 622:628 Content 622:628 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin 622:667 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 2 55 from components 324:333 arg1 materials 351:359 binder-based materials 338:359 binder-based materials 338:359 In fact, fibres could address possible new uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials. 31546181 7 56 from mortars 839:845 arg1 addition 797:804 The addition 793:804 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars 793:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 9 57 theme pre-mixed 1142:1150 arg1 blends 1152:1157 two possible pre-mixed blends 1129:1157 two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content 1129:1201 In addition, a simplified economic assessment was reported for two possible pre-mixed blends with 5% and 20% of recovered fibres content. 31546181 1 58 theme cellulose 115:123 arg1 one 170:172 one 170:172 one 170:172 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 58 theme cellulose 115:123 arg1 recovery 103:110 The recovery 99:110 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater 99:165 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 58 theme cellulose 115:123 arg1 actions 197:203 the most innovative actions 177:203 the most innovative actions in the circular economy context 177:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 7 59 theme microstructure 885:898 arg1 terms 865:869 terms 865:869 terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 865:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 4 60 theme maximum 591:597 arg1 removal 606:612 maximum solids removal 591:612 maximum solids removal of 74% 591:619 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 7 61 from fibres 829:834 arg1 mortars 839:845 mortars 839:845 mortars 839:845 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 3 62 theme rich 445:448 arg1 sludge 438:443 sludge 438:443 sludge rich in cellulose fibres 438:468 In this paper, rotating belt filters were tested to enhance the recovery of sludge rich in cellulose fibres for possible valorisation in construction applications. 31546181 2 63 theme building 293:300 arg1 sector 302:307 the building sector 289:307 the building sector 289:307 In fact, fibres could address possible new uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials. 31546181 5 64 theme total 709:713 arg1 composition 715:725 the total composition 705:725 the total composition 705:725 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 4 65 theme % 619:619 arg1 removal 606:612 maximum solids removal 591:612 maximum solids removal of 74% 591:619 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 2 66 theme binder-based 338:349 arg1 materials 351:359 binder-based materials 338:359 binder-based materials 338:359 In fact, fibres could address possible new uses in the building sector as reinforcing components in binder-based materials. 31546181 7 67 theme lightness 874:882 arg1 terms 865:869 terms 865:869 terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR) 865:942 The addition of recovered cellulose fibres in mortars bring benefits in terms of lightness, microstructure and moisture buffering value (0.17 g/m2%UR). 31546181 1 68 theme circular 212:219 arg1 context 229:235 the circular economy context 208:235 the circular economy context 208:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 5 69 theme composition 715:725 arg1 composition 715:725 the total composition 705:725 the total composition 705:725 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 5 69 theme composition 715:725 arg1 % 700:700 87% 698:700 87% of the total composition 698:725 Content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was found averagely equal to 87% of the total composition. 31546181 4 70 theme solids 599:604 arg1 removal 606:612 maximum solids removal 591:612 maximum solids removal of 74% 591:619 Recovered cellulosic material reached value up to 26.6 gm-3 with maximum solids removal of 74%. 31546181 1 71 from wastewater 156:165 arg1 one 170:172 one 170:172 one 170:172 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 71 from wastewater 156:165 arg1 recovery 103:110 The recovery 99:110 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater 99:165 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 71 from wastewater 156:165 arg1 actions 197:203 the most innovative actions 177:203 the most innovative actions in the circular economy context 177:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 31546181 1 72 theme economy 221:227 arg1 context 229:235 the circular economy context 208:235 the circular economy context 208:235 The recovery of cellulose in toilet paper from municipal wastewater is one of the most innovative actions in the circular economy context. 30255470 9 0 theme chewing 1737:1743 arg1 gums 1745:1748 chewing gums 1737:1748 chewing gums with high solids content 1737:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 5 1 theme curcumin 1073:1080 arg1 impact 1050:1055 the impact 1046:1055 the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release 1046:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 2 2 theme chewing 288:294 arg1 gums 296:299 chewing gums 288:299 chewing gums 288:299 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 9 3 theme solids 1760:1765 arg1 content 1767:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 8 4 from gums 1431:1434 arg1 release 1418:1424 poor drug release 1408:1424 poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin 1408:1465 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 5 5 theme maximum 618:624 arg1 curcumin 636:643 curcumin 636:643 curcumin 636:643 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 5 theme maximum 618:624 arg1 amount 626:631 the maximum amount 614:631 the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil 614:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 6 theme chewing 683:689 arg1 gums 691:694 co-compressed chewing gums 669:694 co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil 669:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 0 7 theme Inclusion 140:148 arg1 Complex 150:156 Inclusion Complex 140:156 Inclusion Complex 140:156 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 5 8 theme month 979:983 arg1 period 965:970 a storage period 955:970 a storage period of one month 955:983 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 9 9 theme gum 1658:1660 arg1 composition 1662:1672 modulating gum composition 1647:1672 modulating gum composition 1647:1672 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 3 10 with gums 368:371 arg1 load 388:391 high drug load 378:391 high drug load 378:391 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 5 11 dep analyzer 902:909 arg1 examine 916:922 examine 916:922 (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums 912:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 12 theme storage 957:963 arg1 period 965:970 a storage period 955:970 a storage period of one month 955:983 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 2 13 theme High 263:266 arg1 loading 277:283 High curcumin loading 263:283 High curcumin loading in chewing gums 263:299 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 5 14 dep gums 691:694 arg1 flavored 737:744 flavored 737:744 flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil 737:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 14 dep gums 691:694 arg1 made 696:699 made 696:699 made from Health in Gum® as the base 696:731 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 1 15 theme Curcumin 159:166 arg1 gums 176:179 Curcumin chewing gums 159:179 Curcumin chewing gums 159:179 Curcumin chewing gums could be therapeutically beneficial if used by the head and neck cancer patients. 30255470 5 16 theme drug 1126:1129 arg1 release 1131:1137 drug release 1126:1137 drug release 1126:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 17 theme gums 1026:1029 arg1 stability 1001:1009 the physical stability 988:1009 the physical stability of the chewing gums 988:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 4 18 theme flavors 512:518 arg1 use 498:500 The use 494:500 The use of liquid flavors 494:518 The use of liquid flavors was found to partially solve this problem. 30255470 0 19 theme Co-compressed 85:97 arg1 Health 99:104 Co-compressed Health 85:104 Co-compressed Health 85:104 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 6 20 dep 25 1205:1206 arg1 to 1202:1203 to 1202:1203 to 1202:1203 It was found that when flavored, Health in Gum® could load up to 25% curcumin by weight without compromising its masticatory properties. 30255470 5 21 theme texture 894:900 arg1 analyzer 902:909 a texture analyzer 892:909 a texture analyzer 892:909 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 6 22 dep curcumin 1209:1216 arg1 % 1207:1207 % 1207:1207 % 1207:1207 It was found that when flavored, Health in Gum® could load up to 25% curcumin by weight without compromising its masticatory properties. 30255470 0 23 theme Mechanical 0:9 arg1 Characterization 11:26 Mechanical Characterization 0:26 Mechanical Characterization 0:26 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 3 24 theme high 378:381 arg1 load 388:391 high drug load 378:391 high drug load 378:391 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 8 25 theme poor 1408:1411 arg1 release 1418:1424 poor drug release 1408:1424 poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin 1408:1465 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 3 26 theme solids 454:459 arg1 impact 444:449 the negative impact 431:449 the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties 431:491 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 6 27 theme masticatory 1253:1263 arg1 properties 1265:1274 its masticatory properties 1249:1274 its masticatory properties 1249:1274 It was found that when flavored, Health in Gum® could load up to 25% curcumin by weight without compromising its masticatory properties. 30255470 7 28 theme curcumin 1366:1373 arg1 amount 1356:1361 the amount 1352:1361 the amount of curcumin dissolved within 30 min 1352:1397 When tested for drug release, SBE-β-CD was found to significantly increase the amount of curcumin dissolved within 30 min. 30255470 7 28 theme curcumin 1366:1373 arg1 curcumin 1366:1373 curcumin 1366:1373 curcumin 1366:1373 When tested for drug release, SBE-β-CD was found to significantly increase the amount of curcumin dissolved within 30 min. 30255470 5 29 theme % 754:754 arg1 oil 767:769 1.5% peppermint oil 751:769 1.5% peppermint oil 751:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 6 30 from Health 1173:1178 arg1 Gum® 1183:1186 Gum® 1183:1186 Gum® 1183:1186 It was found that when flavored, Health in Gum® could load up to 25% curcumin by weight without compromising its masticatory properties. 30255470 5 31 theme temperature 938:948 arg1 effect 928:933 the effect 924:933 the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums 924:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 32 dep determine 776:784 arg1 2 773:773 2 773:773 2 773:773 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 33 with curcumin 1073:1080 arg1 complex 1101:1107 its inclusion complex 1087:1107 its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD 1087:1121 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 2 34 theme desired 330:336 arg1 effect 350:355 desired therapeutic effect 330:355 desired therapeutic effect 330:355 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 8 35 theme gums 1493:1496 arg1 fragmentation 1472:1484 the fragmentation 1468:1484 the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester 1468:1536 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 5 36 theme inclusion 1091:1099 arg1 complex 1101:1107 its inclusion complex 1087:1107 its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD 1087:1121 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 9 37 theme mechanical 1712:1721 arg1 properties 1723:1732 the mechanical properties 1708:1732 the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content 1708:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 1 38 theme neck 241:244 arg1 patients 253:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 Curcumin chewing gums could be therapeutically beneficial if used by the head and neck cancer patients. 30255470 5 39 theme 1.5 751:753 arg1 % 754:754 % 754:754 % 754:754 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 40 with complex 1101:1107 arg1 SBE-β-CD 1114:1121 SBE-β-CD 1114:1121 SBE-β-CD 1114:1121 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 41 theme substituting 1060:1071 arg1 curcumin 1073:1080 substituting curcumin 1060:1080 substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD 1060:1121 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 9 42 theme gums 1745:1748 arg1 properties 1723:1732 the mechanical properties 1708:1732 the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content 1708:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 5 43 theme curcumin 636:643 arg1 curcumin 636:643 curcumin 636:643 curcumin 636:643 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 43 theme curcumin 636:643 arg1 amount 626:631 the maximum amount 614:631 the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil 614:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 44 theme yield 828:832 arg1 strength 834:841 the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release 824:1137 the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release 824:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 9 45 theme high 1755:1758 arg1 content 1767:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 5 46 from impact 1050:1055 arg1 release 1131:1137 drug release 1126:1137 drug release 1126:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 0 47 theme Gum 55:57 arg1 CGTs 68:71 CGTs 68:71 CGTs 68:71 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 0 47 theme Gum 55:57 arg1 Tablets 59:65 Chewing Gum Tablets 47:65 Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) 47:72 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 7 48 theme drug 1293:1296 arg1 release 1298:1304 drug release 1293:1304 drug release 1293:1304 When tested for drug release, SBE-β-CD was found to significantly increase the amount of curcumin dissolved within 30 min. 30255470 5 49 theme sweeteners 801:810 arg1 addition 789:796 addition 789:796 addition of sweeteners 789:810 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 50 theme co-compressed 669:681 arg1 gums 691:694 co-compressed chewing gums 669:694 co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil 669:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 51 dep examine 916:922 arg1 3 913:913 3 913:913 3 913:913 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 52 from effect 928:933 arg1 stability 1001:1009 the physical stability 988:1009 the physical stability of the chewing gums 988:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 53 from Health 706:711 arg1 Gum® 716:719 Gum® 716:719 Gum® 716:719 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 2 54 theme curcumin 268:275 arg1 loading 277:283 High curcumin loading 263:283 High curcumin loading in chewing gums 263:299 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 8 55 theme lower 1608:1612 arg1 GIT 1614:1616 the lower GIT 1604:1616 the lower GIT 1604:1616 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 2 56 from loading 277:283 arg1 gums 296:299 chewing gums 288:299 chewing gums 288:299 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 4 57 theme liquid 505:510 arg1 flavors 512:518 liquid flavors 505:518 liquid flavors 505:518 The use of liquid flavors was found to partially solve this problem. 30255470 1 58 theme head 232:235 arg1 patients 253:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 Curcumin chewing gums could be therapeutically beneficial if used by the head and neck cancer patients. 30255470 5 59 theme chewing 1018:1024 arg1 gums 1026:1029 the chewing gums 1014:1029 the chewing gums 1014:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 1 60 theme chewing 168:174 arg1 gums 176:179 Curcumin chewing gums 159:179 Curcumin chewing gums 159:179 Curcumin chewing gums could be therapeutically beneficial if used by the head and neck cancer patients. 30255470 5 61 dep study 1040:1044 arg1 4 1037:1037 4 1037:1037 4 1037:1037 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 6 62 dep % 1207:1207 arg1 25 1205:1206 25 1205:1206 25 1205:1206 It was found that when flavored, Health in Gum® could load up to 25% curcumin by weight without compromising its masticatory properties. 30255470 0 63 dep Gum® 109:112 arg1 Complex 150:156 Inclusion Complex 140:156 Inclusion Complex 140:156 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 5 64 theme physical 992:999 arg1 stability 1001:1009 the physical stability 988:1009 the physical stability of the chewing gums 988:1029 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 3 65 theme Preparing 358:366 arg1 gums 368:371 Preparing gums 358:371 Preparing gums with high drug load 358:391 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 5 66 dep compressibility 847:861 arg1 impact 1050:1055 the impact 1046:1055 the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release 1046:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 67 theme peppermint 756:765 arg1 oil 767:769 1.5% peppermint oil 751:769 1.5% peppermint oil 751:769 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 68 theme gums 870:873 arg1 compressibility 847:861 compressibility 847:861 compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, 847:1030 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 68 theme gums 870:873 arg1 study 1040:1044 (4) study 1036:1044 (4) study 1036:1044 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 9 69 theme modulating 1647:1656 arg1 composition 1662:1672 modulating gum composition 1647:1672 modulating gum composition 1647:1672 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 5 70 dep strength 834:841 arg1 compressibility 847:861 compressibility 847:861 compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, 847:1030 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 70 dep strength 834:841 arg1 study 1040:1044 (4) study 1036:1044 (4) study 1036:1044 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 3 71 theme negative 435:442 arg1 impact 444:449 the negative impact 431:449 the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties 431:491 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 5 72 theme study 586:590 arg1 objectives 567:576 The objectives 563:576 The objectives of this study 563:590 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 3 73 theme drug 383:386 arg1 load 388:391 high drug load 378:391 high drug load 378:391 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 8 74 theme drug 1413:1416 arg1 release 1418:1424 poor drug release 1408:1424 poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin 1408:1465 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 3 75 theme masticatory 470:480 arg1 properties 482:491 their masticatory properties 464:491 their masticatory properties 464:491 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 0 76 theme Chewing 47:53 arg1 CGTs 68:71 CGTs 68:71 CGTs 68:71 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 0 76 theme Chewing 47:53 arg1 Tablets 59:65 Chewing Gum Tablets 47:65 Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) 47:72 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 9 77 theme storage 1678:1684 arg1 conditions 1686:1695 storage conditions 1678:1695 storage conditions 1678:1695 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 0 78 theme Tablets 59:65 arg1 Dissolution 32:42 Dissolution 32:42 Dissolution 32:42 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 0 78 theme Tablets 59:65 arg1 Characterization 11:26 Mechanical Characterization 0:26 Mechanical Characterization 0:26 Mechanical Characterization and Dissolution of Chewing Gum Tablets (CGTs) Containing Co-compressed Health in Gum® and Curcumin/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. 30255470 5 79 dep determine 604:612 arg1 determine 776:784 determine 776:784 (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release 772:1137 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 5 79 dep determine 604:612 arg1 1 601:601 1 601:601 1 601:601 The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the maximum amount of curcumin that can be loaded into co-compressed chewing gums made from Health in Gum® as the base and flavored with 1.5% peppermint oil, (2) determine if addition of sweeteners can improve the yield strength and compressibility of the gums when examined by a texture analyzer, (3) examine the effect of temperature over a storage period of one month on the physical stability of the chewing gums, and (4) study the impact of substituting curcumin with its inclusion complex with SBE-β-CD on drug release. 30255470 2 80 theme therapeutic 338:348 arg1 effect 350:355 desired therapeutic effect 330:355 desired therapeutic effect 330:355 High curcumin loading in chewing gums however is needed to achieve desired therapeutic effect. 30255470 8 81 theme insoluble 1448:1456 arg1 curcumin 1458:1465 insoluble curcumin 1448:1465 insoluble curcumin 1448:1465 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 9 82 with gums 1745:1748 arg1 content 1767:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 high solids content 1755:1773 This study demonstrated how modulating gum composition and storage conditions can impact the mechanical properties of chewing gums with high solids content. 30255470 3 83 from impact 444:449 arg1 properties 482:491 their masticatory properties 464:491 their masticatory properties 464:491 Preparing gums with high drug load is nonetheless challenging because of the negative impact of solids on their masticatory properties. 30255470 8 84 theme Erweka 1524:1529 arg1 tester 1531:1536 the Erweka tester 1520:1536 the Erweka tester 1520:1536 Despite poor drug release from gums loaded with insoluble curcumin, the fragmentation of the gums during mastication by the Erweka tester is nonetheless expected to produce a suspension for absorption in the lower GIT. 30255470 1 85 theme cancer 246:251 arg1 patients 253:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 the head and neck cancer patients 228:260 Curcumin chewing gums could be therapeutically beneficial if used by the head and neck cancer patients. 29580389 3 0 theme deposited 343:351 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 0 theme deposited 343:351 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 4 1 theme solid 531:535 arg1 NMR 541:543 solid 13C NMR 531:543 solid 13C NMR 531:543 The presence of composite coating was confirmed by solid 13C NMR. 29580389 6 2 theme electrochemical 774:788 arg1 spectroscopy 800:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 766:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) 766:818 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 2 theme electrochemical 774:788 arg1 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 3 theme protection 671:680 arg1 ability 682:688 The corrosion protection ability 657:688 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials 657:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 0 4 theme biomedical 83:92 arg1 applications 94:105 biomedical applications 83:105 biomedical applications 83:105 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 0 5 from behavior 16:23 arg1 Ti 70:71 Ti 70:71 Ti 70:71 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 8 6 theme coating 1105:1111 arg1 stability 1082:1090 The stability 1078:1090 The stability of composite coating 1078:1111 The stability of composite coating was confirmed by immersion studies. 29580389 7 7 theme protection 1042:1051 arg1 ability 1053:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 6 8 theme corrosion 661:669 arg1 ability 682:688 The corrosion protection ability 657:688 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials 657:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 5 9 theme PPy 644:646 arg1 coating 648:654 the PPy coating 640:654 the PPy coating 640:654 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 1 10 theme present 115:121 arg1 work 123:126 the present work 111:126 the present work 111:126 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 7 11 theme increased 1022:1030 arg1 ability 1053:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 6 12 theme dynamic 766:772 arg1 spectroscopy 800:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 766:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) 766:818 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 12 theme dynamic 766:772 arg1 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 13 dep analyzed 754:761 arg1 exhibited 821:829 exhibited 821:829 exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti 821:907 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 14 from structural 410:419 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 14 from structural 410:419 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 7 15 theme corrosion 920:928 arg1 density 938:944 The lower corrosion current density 910:944 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 910:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 7 16 theme corrosion 1032:1040 arg1 ability 1053:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 increased corrosion protection ability 1022:1059 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 7 17 theme lower 914:918 arg1 density 938:944 The lower corrosion current density 910:944 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 910:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 8 18 theme immersion 1130:1138 arg1 studies 1140:1146 immersion studies 1130:1146 immersion studies 1130:1146 The stability of composite coating was confirmed by immersion studies. 29580389 5 19 theme adhesion 610:617 arg1 strength 619:626 adhesion strength 610:626 adhesion strength 610:626 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 0 20 theme Electrochemical 0:14 arg1 behavior 16:23 Electrochemical behavior 0:23 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti 0:71 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 5 21 dep showed 576:581 arg1 compared 628:635 compared 628:635 showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating 576:654 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 1 22 theme polypyrrole/chitosan 190:209 arg1 Ti 238:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 7 23 theme PPy/CHI-2 959:967 arg1 coating 979:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating 959:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 959:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 3 24 theme PPy/CHI 353:359 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 24 theme PPy/CHI 353:359 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 4 25 theme coating 506:512 arg1 presence 484:491 The presence 480:491 The presence of composite coating 480:512 The presence of composite coating was confirmed by solid 13C NMR. 29580389 3 26 theme PPy 465:467 arg1 Ti 476:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 27 theme surface 422:428 arg1 roughness 430:438 surface roughness 422:438 surface roughness 422:438 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 8 28 theme composite 1095:1103 arg1 coating 1105:1111 composite coating 1095:1111 composite coating 1095:1111 The stability of composite coating was confirmed by immersion studies. 29580389 6 29 theme coated 899:904 arg1 Ti 906:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 9 30 theme hydroxyapatite 1211:1224 arg1 formation 1232:1240 hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation 1211:1240 hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation 1211:1240 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution enhances hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation. 29580389 1 31 theme PPy/CHI 212:218 arg1 Ti 238:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 0 32 theme polypyrrole/chitosan 28:47 arg1 coating 59:65 polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating 28:65 polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating 28:65 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 6 33 theme higher 831:836 arg1 impedance 838:846 higher impedance 831:846 higher impedance in all the potentials 831:868 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 34 from potentials 739:748 arg1 ability 682:688 The corrosion protection ability 657:688 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials 657:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 35 theme applied 731:737 arg1 potentials 739:748 various applied potentials 723:748 various applied potentials 723:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 36 from impedance 838:846 arg1 potentials 859:868 all the potentials 851:868 all the potentials 851:868 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 2 37 theme electropolymerization 309:329 arg1 method 331:336 electropolymerization method 309:336 electropolymerization method 309:336 The deposition of composite coating was carried out by electropolymerization method. 29580389 6 38 theme various 723:729 arg1 potentials 739:748 various applied potentials 723:748 various applied potentials 723:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 1 39 theme composite 221:229 arg1 Ti 238:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 0 40 theme coating 59:65 arg1 behavior 16:23 Electrochemical behavior 0:23 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti 0:71 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 3 41 from different 385:393 arg1 wettability 444:454 wettability 444:454 wettability 444:454 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 41 from different 385:393 arg1 structural 410:419 structural 410:419 structural 410:419 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 41 from different 385:393 arg1 roughness 430:438 surface roughness 422:438 surface roughness 422:438 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 41 from different 385:393 arg1 morphology 398:407 morphology 398:407 morphology 398:407 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 42 theme coated 469:474 arg1 Ti 476:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 1 43 theme coated 231:236 arg1 Ti 238:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti 190:239 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 0 44 theme composite 49:57 arg1 coating 59:65 polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating 28:65 polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating 28:65 Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrole/chitosan composite coating on Ti metal for biomedical applications. 29580389 3 45 theme compared 456:463 arg1 Ti 476:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 4 46 theme composite 496:504 arg1 coating 506:512 composite coating 496:512 composite coating 496:512 The presence of composite coating was confirmed by solid 13C NMR. 29580389 1 47 theme Ti 238:239 arg1 performance 154:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 1 47 theme Ti 238:239 arg1 biocompatibility 170:185 biocompatibility 170:185 biocompatibility 170:185 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 3 48 from morphology 398:407 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 48 from morphology 398:407 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 5 49 theme enhanced 583:590 arg1 microhardness 592:604 enhanced microhardness 583:604 enhanced microhardness 583:604 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 7 50 theme SBF 1064:1066 arg1 solution 1068:1075 SBF solution 1064:1075 SBF solution 1064:1075 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 4 51 theme 13C 537:539 arg1 NMR 541:543 solid 13C NMR 531:543 solid 13C NMR 531:543 The presence of composite coating was confirmed by solid 13C NMR. 29580389 1 52 dep performance 154:164 arg1 the 129:131 the 129:131 the 129:131 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 6 53 theme coatings 711:718 arg1 ability 682:688 The corrosion protection ability 657:688 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials 657:748 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 7 54 theme polarization 992:1003 arg1 studies 1005:1011 polarization studies 992:1011 polarization studies 992:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 9 55 theme PPy/CHI-2 1149:1157 arg1 coating 1169:1175 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating 1149:1175 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution 1149:1200 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution enhances hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation. 29580389 6 56 theme PPy 895:897 arg1 Ti 906:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 2 57 theme coating 282:288 arg1 deposition 258:267 The deposition 254:267 The deposition of composite coating 254:288 The deposition of composite coating was carried out by electropolymerization method. 29580389 9 58 theme SBF 1189:1191 arg1 solution 1193:1200 SBF solution 1189:1200 SBF solution 1189:1200 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution enhances hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation. 29580389 7 59 from studies 1005:1011 arg1 coating 979:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating 959:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 959:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 6 60 theme impedance 790:798 arg1 spectroscopy 800:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 766:811 dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) 766:818 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 60 theme impedance 790:798 arg1 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 DEIS 814:817 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 61 from wettability 444:454 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 61 from wettability 444:454 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 62 dep morphology 398:407 arg1 Ti 476:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 compared PPy coated Ti 456:477 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 2 63 theme composite 272:280 arg1 coating 282:288 composite coating 272:288 composite coating 272:288 The deposition of composite coating was carried out by electropolymerization method. 29580389 1 64 theme corrosion 133:141 arg1 performance 154:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 6 65 theme PPy/CHI 693:699 arg1 coatings 711:718 PPy/CHI composite coatings 693:718 PPy/CHI composite coatings 693:718 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 66 theme composite 361:369 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 66 theme composite 361:369 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 6 67 theme uncoated 882:889 arg1 Ti 906:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 uncoated and PPy coated Ti 882:907 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 5 68 theme PPy/CHI 550:556 arg1 coating 568:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating 546:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating 546:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 1 69 theme resistance 143:152 arg1 performance 154:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 corrosion resistance performance 133:164 In the present work, the corrosion resistance performance and biocompatibility of polypyrrole/chitosan (PPy/CHI) composite coated Ti was studied. 29580389 6 70 theme composite 701:709 arg1 coatings 711:718 PPy/CHI composite coatings 693:718 PPy/CHI composite coatings 693:718 The corrosion protection ability of PPy/CHI composite coatings at various applied potentials was analyzed by dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), exhibited higher impedance in all the potentials compared to uncoated and PPy coated Ti. 29580389 7 71 theme composite 969:977 arg1 coating 979:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating 959:985 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 959:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 3 72 from roughness 430:438 arg1 different 385:393 different 385:393 different 385:393 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 3 72 from roughness 430:438 arg1 coatings 371:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings 339:378 The deposited PPy/CHI composite coatings were different in morphology, structural, surface roughness and wettability compared PPy coated Ti. 29580389 5 73 theme composite 558:566 arg1 coating 568:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating 546:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating 546:574 The PPy/CHI composite coating showed enhanced microhardness and adhesion strength compared to the PPy coating. 29580389 7 74 theme current 930:936 arg1 density 938:944 The lower corrosion current density 910:944 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies 910:1011 The lower corrosion current density obtained for PPy/CHI-2 composite coating from polarization studies revealed increased corrosion protection ability in SBF solution. 29580389 9 75 theme composite 1159:1167 arg1 coating 1169:1175 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating 1149:1175 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution 1149:1200 PPy/CHI-2 composite coating immersed in SBF solution enhances hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation. 30217822 6 0 theme Carlo 963:967 arg1 methods 969:975 Monte Carlo methods 957:975 Monte Carlo methods 957:975 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 1 1 theme system 216:221 arg1 pathway 190:196 the alternative pathway 174:196 the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 174:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 10 2 theme functional 1458:1467 arg1 roles 1469:1473 FH functional roles 1455:1473 FH functional roles in host protection 1455:1492 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 3 3 theme solution 499:506 arg1 structures 508:517 the solution structures 495:517 the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes 495:562 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 2 4 theme regulator 269:277 arg1 domains 285:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 2 4 theme regulator 269:277 arg1 glycans 310:316 eight glycans 304:316 eight glycans 304:316 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 6 5 theme FH 1024:1025 arg1 structures 1000:1009 atomistic structures 990:1009 atomistic structures of monomeric FH 990:1025 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 0 6 theme cell 112:115 arg1 surfaces 117:124 cell surfaces 112:124 cell surfaces 112:124 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 2 7 theme short 252:256 arg1 domains 285:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 2 7 theme short 252:256 arg1 glycans 310:316 eight glycans 304:316 eight glycans 304:316 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 1 8 theme C3b 167:169 arg1 regulator 154:162 the major regulator 144:162 the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 144:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 1 8 theme C3b 167:169 arg1 H 134:134 Factor H 127:134 Factor H (FH) 127:139 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 3 9 theme FH 551:552 arg1 allotypes 554:562 FH allotypes 551:562 FH allotypes 551:562 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 5 10 theme monomeric 781:789 arg1 FH 791:792 monomeric FH 781:792 monomeric FH 781:792 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 8 11 theme N 1348:1348 arg1 terminus 1350:1357 a folded-back N terminus 1334:1357 a folded-back N terminus 1334:1357 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 8 12 theme distinct 1174:1181 arg1 structures 1193:1202 Two distinct molecular structures 1170:1202 Two distinct molecular structures 1170:1202 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 10 13 theme crystal 1495:1501 arg1 structures 1503:1512 crystal structures 1495:1512 crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg 1495:1551 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 14 theme C3d 1697:1699 arg1 binding 1701:1707 C3d binding 1697:1707 C3d binding 1697:1707 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 1 15 from pathway 190:196 arg1 immunity 226:233 immunity 226:233 immunity 226:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 5 16 theme nm 835:836 arg1 R 820:820 R 820:820 R 820:820 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 5 16 theme nm 835:836 arg1 gyration 810:817 gyration 810:817 gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm 810:836 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 4 17 theme allotypes 631:639 arg1 % 618:618 up to 12% 610:618 up to 12% of both FH allotypes 610:639 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 4 17 theme allotypes 631:639 arg1 allotypes 631:639 both FH allotypes 623:639 both FH allotypes 623:639 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 0 18 theme complement-binding 57:74 arg1 functions 76:84 discrete complement-binding functions 48:84 discrete complement-binding functions 48:84 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 5 19 theme gyration 810:817 arg1 length 844:849 a length 842:849 a length of 25 nm 842:858 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 5 19 theme gyration 810:817 arg1 radius 800:805 a radius 798:805 a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm 798:836 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 9 20 theme glycosylated 1415:1426 arg1 FH 1440:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 These two structures are the most accurate to date for glycosylated full-length FH. 30217822 8 21 theme extended 1235:1242 arg1 domain 1255:1260 an extended N-terminal domain 1232:1260 either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement 1225:1272 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 0 22 theme fluid 93:97 arg1 phase 99:103 the fluid phase 89:103 the fluid phase 89:103 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 5 23 theme nm 857:858 arg1 length 844:849 a length 842:849 a length of 25 nm 842:858 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 5 23 theme nm 857:858 arg1 radius 800:805 a radius 798:805 a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm 798:836 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 1 24 theme Factor 127:132 arg1 regulator 154:162 the major regulator 144:162 the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 144:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 1 24 theme Factor 127:132 arg1 FH 137:138 FH 137:138 FH 137:138 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 1 24 theme Factor 127:132 arg1 H 134:134 Factor H 127:134 Factor H (FH) 127:139 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 8 25 theme domain 1255:1260 arg1 arrangement 1262:1272 either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement 1225:1272 either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement 1225:1272 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 2 26 theme macular 392:398 arg1 degeneration 400:411 age-related macular degeneration 380:411 age-related macular degeneration 380:411 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 4 27 theme small-angle 683:693 arg1 SAXS 713:716 SAXS 713:716 SAXS 713:716 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 4 27 theme small-angle 683:693 arg1 scattering 701:710 small-angle X-ray scattering 683:710 small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) 683:717 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 8 28 theme folded-back 1281:1291 arg1 terminus 1295:1302 a folded-back C terminus 1279:1302 a folded-back C terminus 1279:1302 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 4 29 theme resonance 744:752 arg1 analyses 754:761 surface plasmon resonance analyses 728:761 surface plasmon resonance analyses 728:761 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 0 30 theme factor 30:35 arg1 H 37:37 factor H 30:37 factor H 30:37 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 10 31 theme bivalent 1747:1754 arg1 binding 1759:1765 bivalent FH binding 1747:1765 bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface 1747:1814 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 3 32 theme complement 438:447 arg1 binding 449:455 FH complement binding 435:455 FH complement binding 435:455 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 8 33 theme C 1319:1319 arg1 terminus 1321:1328 an extended C terminus 1307:1328 an extended C terminus 1307:1328 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 4 34 theme plasmon 736:742 arg1 resonance 744:752 surface plasmon resonance 728:752 surface plasmon resonance analyses 728:761 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 10 35 theme extended 1571:1578 arg1 conformation 1591:1602 the extended N-terminal conformation 1567:1602 the extended N-terminal conformation 1567:1602 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 1 36 theme alternative 178:188 arg1 pathway 190:196 the alternative pathway 174:196 the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 174:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 10 37 from roles 1469:1473 arg1 protection 1483:1492 host protection 1478:1492 host protection 1478:1492 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 38 with structures 1503:1512 arg1 C3dg 1548:1551 C3dg 1548:1551 C3dg 1548:1551 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 38 with structures 1503:1512 arg1 C3b 1540:1542 C3b 1540:1542 C3b 1540:1542 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 4 39 theme surface 728:734 arg1 resonance 744:752 surface plasmon resonance 728:752 surface plasmon resonance analyses 728:761 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 10 40 theme fluid-phase 1622:1632 arg1 regulation 1634:1643 C3b fluid-phase regulation 1618:1643 C3b fluid-phase regulation 1618:1643 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 4 41 dep 12 616:617 arg1 to 613:614 to 613:614 to 613:614 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 4 42 theme Analytical 565:574 arg1 ultracentrifugation 576:594 Analytical ultracentrifugation 565:594 Analytical ultracentrifugation 565:594 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 1 43 theme complement 205:214 arg1 system 216:221 the complement system 201:221 the complement system 201:221 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 7 44 theme best-fit 1128:1135 arg1 structures 1140:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures 1116:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype 1116:1167 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 10 45 theme cell 1803:1806 arg1 surface 1808:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 46 theme extended 1650:1657 arg1 conformation 1670:1681 the extended C-terminal conformation 1646:1681 the extended C-terminal conformation 1646:1681 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 47 from glycosaminoglycans 1770:1787 arg1 surface 1808:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 48 theme FH 1455:1456 arg1 roles 1469:1473 FH functional roles 1455:1473 FH functional roles in host protection 1455:1492 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 3 49 dep His-402 531:537 arg1 allotypes 554:562 FH allotypes 551:562 FH allotypes 551:562 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 3 49 dep His-402 531:537 arg1 the 527:529 the 527:529 the 527:529 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 1 50 theme major 148:152 arg1 regulator 154:162 the major regulator 144:162 the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 144:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 1 50 theme major 148:152 arg1 H 134:134 Factor H 127:134 Factor H (FH) 127:139 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 10 51 theme host 1478:1481 arg1 protection 1483:1492 host protection 1478:1492 host protection 1478:1492 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 2 52 theme complement 258:267 arg1 domains 285:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 2 52 theme complement 258:267 arg1 glycans 310:316 eight glycans 304:316 eight glycans 304:316 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 8 53 theme folded-back 1336:1346 arg1 terminus 1350:1357 a folded-back N terminus 1334:1357 a folded-back N terminus 1334:1357 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 6 54 theme monomeric 1014:1022 arg1 FH 1024:1025 monomeric FH 1014:1025 monomeric FH 1014:1025 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 3 55 theme Tyr-402 543:549 arg1 structures 508:517 the solution structures 495:517 the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes 495:562 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 3 56 theme His-402 531:537 arg1 structures 508:517 the solution structures 495:517 the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes 495:562 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 8 57 theme molecular 1183:1191 arg1 structures 1193:1202 Two distinct molecular structures 1170:1202 Two distinct molecular structures 1170:1202 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 2 58 contain carry 368:372 arg1 those 358:362 those 358:362 those 358:362 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 2 58 contain carry 368:372 arg2 it 374:375 it 374:375 it 374:375 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 1 59 from regulator 154:162 arg1 pathway 190:196 the alternative pathway 174:196 the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity 174:233 Factor H (FH) is the major regulator of C3b in the alternative pathway of the complement system in immunity. 30217822 6 60 theme SCR 900:902 arg1 domains 904:910 the SCR domains 896:910 the SCR domains 896:910 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 4 61 theme FH 628:629 arg1 allotypes 631:639 both FH allotypes 623:639 both FH allotypes 623:639 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 7 62 theme FH 1087:1088 arg1 conformations 1090:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 7 63 theme conformations 1090:1102 arg1 analysis 1032:1039 The analysis 1028:1039 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1028:1102 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 7 64 theme randomized 1076:1085 arg1 conformations 1090:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 9 65 theme full-length 1428:1438 arg1 FH 1440:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 These two structures are the most accurate to date for glycosylated full-length FH. 30217822 10 66 theme C-terminal 1659:1668 arg1 conformation 1670:1681 the extended C-terminal conformation 1646:1681 the extended C-terminal conformation 1646:1681 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 6 67 theme known 875:879 arg1 structures 881:890 known structures 875:890 known structures for the SCR domains and glycans 875:922 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 5 68 contain has 794:796 arg2 radius 800:805 a radius 798:805 a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm 798:836 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 5 68 contain has 794:796 arg1 FH 791:792 monomeric FH 781:792 monomeric FH 781:792 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 5 68 contain has 794:796 arg2 length 844:849 a length 842:849 a length of 25 nm 842:858 SAXS showed that monomeric FH has a radius of gyration (R ) of 7.2-7.8 nm and a length of 25 nm. 30217822 3 69 theme FH 435:436 arg1 binding 449:455 FH complement binding 435:455 FH complement binding 435:455 To better understand FH complement binding and self-association, we have studied the solution structures of both the His-402 and Tyr-402 FH allotypes. 30217822 7 70 theme realistic 1062:1070 arg1 conformations 1090:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations 1044:1102 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 9 71 gly glycosylated 1415:1426 arg1 FH 1440:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 glycosylated full-length FH 1415:1441 These two structures are the most accurate to date for glycosylated full-length FH. 30217822 8 72 theme N-terminal 1244:1253 arg1 domain 1255:1260 an extended N-terminal domain 1232:1260 either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement 1225:1272 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 2 73 theme Y402H 327:331 arg1 polymorphism 333:344 its Y402H polymorphism 323:344 its Y402H polymorphism 323:344 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 0 74 theme distinct 4:11 arg1 conformations 13:25 Two distinct conformations 0:25 Two distinct conformations of factor H 0:37 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 2 75 theme age-related 380:390 arg1 degeneration 400:411 age-related macular degeneration 380:411 age-related macular degeneration 380:411 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 10 76 theme FH 1522:1523 arg1 complexes 1525:1533 the FH complexes 1518:1533 the FH complexes 1518:1533 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 6 77 theme SAXS 929:932 arg1 data 934:937 the SAXS data 925:937 the SAXS data 925:937 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 4 78 theme X-ray 695:699 arg1 SAXS 713:716 SAXS 713:716 SAXS 713:716 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 4 78 theme X-ray 695:699 arg1 scattering 701:710 small-angle X-ray scattering 683:710 small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) 683:717 Analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that up to 12% of both FH allotypes self-associate, and this was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), MS, and surface plasmon resonance analyses. 30217822 0 79 theme H 37:37 arg1 conformations 13:25 Two distinct conformations 0:25 Two distinct conformations of factor H 0:37 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 10 80 theme FH 1756:1757 arg1 binding 1759:1765 bivalent FH binding 1747:1765 bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface 1747:1814 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 8 81 theme C 1293:1293 arg1 terminus 1295:1302 a folded-back C terminus 1279:1302 a folded-back C terminus 1279:1302 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 0 82 theme discrete 48:55 arg1 functions 76:84 discrete complement-binding functions 48:84 discrete complement-binding functions 48:84 Two distinct conformations of factor H regulate discrete complement-binding functions in the fluid phase and at cell surfaces. 30217822 10 83 theme target 1796:1801 arg1 surface 1808:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 the target cell surface 1792:1814 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 10 84 theme N-terminal 1580:1589 arg1 conformation 1591:1602 the extended N-terminal conformation 1567:1602 the extended N-terminal conformation 1567:1602 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 6 85 theme atomistic 990:998 arg1 structures 1000:1009 atomistic structures 990:1009 atomistic structures of monomeric FH 990:1025 Starting from known structures for the SCR domains and glycans, the SAXS data were fitted using Monte Carlo methods to determine atomistic structures of monomeric FH. 30217822 8 86 theme extended 1310:1317 arg1 terminus 1321:1328 an extended C terminus 1307:1328 an extended C terminus 1307:1328 Two distinct molecular structures resulted that showed either an extended N-terminal domain arrangement with a folded-back C terminus or an extended C terminus and a folded-back N terminus. 30217822 2 87 theme SCR 280:282 arg1 domains 285:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains 249:291 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 2 87 theme SCR 280:282 arg1 glycans 310:316 eight glycans 304:316 eight glycans 304:316 FH comprises 20 short complement regulator (SCR) domains, including eight glycans, and its Y402H polymorphism predisposes those who carry it to age-related macular degeneration. 30217822 7 88 theme FH 1137:1138 arg1 structures 1140:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures 1116:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype 1116:1167 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 30217822 10 89 theme C3b 1618:1620 arg1 regulation 1634:1643 C3b fluid-phase regulation 1618:1643 C3b fluid-phase regulation 1618:1643 To clarify FH functional roles in host protection, crystal structures for the FH complexes with C3b and C3dg revealed that the extended N-terminal conformation accounted for C3b fluid-phase regulation, the extended C-terminal conformation accounted for C3d binding, and both conformations accounted for bivalent FH binding to glycosaminoglycans on the target cell surface. 30217822 7 90 theme similar 1120:1126 arg1 structures 1140:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures 1116:1149 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype 1116:1167 The analysis of 29,715 physically realistic but randomized FH conformations resulted in 100 similar best-fit FH structures for each allotype. 29616431 9 0 with longus 1219:1224 arg1 hepatocytes 1184:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 5 1 theme porous 645:650 arg1 structure 652:660 The interconnected porous structure 626:660 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 626:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 9 2 theme rat 1180:1182 arg1 hepatocytes 1184:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 3 3 theme composite 473:481 arg1 grafts 488:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 7 4 theme CB 878:879 arg1 microparticles 881:894 CB microparticles 878:894 CB microparticles 878:894 The addition of CB microparticles increased the specific scaffold surface by almost threefold and was found to be approximately 40 mm-1. 29616431 8 5 theme elasticity 1014:1023 arg1 modulus 1003:1009 The modulus 999:1009 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite 999:1071 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 8 5 theme elasticity 1014:1023 arg1 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 6 6 theme pore 811:814 arg1 size 816:819 the pore size 807:819 the pore size 807:819 The porosity of the composite was 80%, and the pore size predominantly ranged from 200 to 500 μm. 29616431 3 7 theme bone 483:486 arg1 grafts 488:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 8 8 theme strength 1041:1048 arg1 modulus 1003:1009 The modulus 999:1009 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite 999:1071 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 8 8 theme strength 1041:1048 arg1 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 4.0 ± 0.6 1078:1086 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 5 9 theme micro-computed 737:750 arg1 tomography 752:761 micro-computed tomography 737:761 micro-computed tomography 737:761 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 8 10 theme compressive 1029:1039 arg1 strength 1041:1048 compressive strength 1029:1048 compressive strength of the RC/CB composite 1029:1071 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 9 11 theme extensor 1200:1207 arg1 longus 1219:1224 extensor digitorum longus 1200:1224 extensor digitorum longus 1200:1224 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 10 12 theme cellulose 1314:1322 arg1 matrix 1324:1329 cellulose matrix 1314:1329 cellulose matrix 1314:1329 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 11 13 theme suitable 1456:1463 arg1 material 1447:1454 a novel material 1439:1454 a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications 1439:1504 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 11 13 theme suitable 1456:1463 arg1 composite 1426:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 11 14 theme novel 1441:1445 arg1 material 1447:1454 a novel material 1439:1454 a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications 1439:1504 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 11 14 theme novel 1441:1445 arg1 composite 1426:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 3 15 dep cuttlebone 386:395 arg1 i.e. 381:384 i.e. 381:384 i.e. 381:384 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 9 16 theme digitorum 1209:1217 arg1 longus 1219:1224 extensor digitorum longus 1200:1224 extensor digitorum longus 1200:1224 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 2 17 theme raw 285:287 arg1 materials 289:297 natural, marine-derived raw materials 261:297 natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering 261:325 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 11 18 theme bone 1469:1472 arg1 applications 1493:1504 bone tissue-engineering applications 1469:1504 bone tissue-engineering applications 1469:1504 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 9 19 theme longus 1219:1224 arg1 biocompatibility 1126:1141 The biocompatibility 1122:1141 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue 1122:1238 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 3 20 used used 407:410 arg2 endoskeleton 346:357 the endoskeleton 342:357 the endoskeleton 342:357 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 3 21 theme mollusc 366:372 arg1 Sepia 374:378 the mollusc Sepia 362:378 the mollusc Sepia 362:378 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 8 22 theme composite 1063:1071 arg1 elasticity 1014:1023 elasticity 1014:1023 elasticity 1014:1023 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 8 22 theme composite 1063:1071 arg1 strength 1041:1048 compressive strength 1029:1048 compressive strength of the RC/CB composite 1029:1071 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 9 23 theme muscle 1226:1231 arg1 tissue 1233:1238 muscle tissue 1226:1238 muscle tissue 1226:1238 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 9 24 dep composite 1165:1173 arg1 tissue 1233:1238 muscle tissue 1226:1238 muscle tissue 1226:1238 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 1 25 theme unfavourable 175:186 arg1 characteristics 195:209 unfavourable safety characteristics 175:209 unfavourable safety characteristics 175:209 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications still presents issues owing to the potential for unfavourable safety characteristics. 29616431 10 26 dep composite 1300:1308 arg1 samples 1331:1337 samples 1331:1337 samples 1331:1337 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 5 27 theme interconnected 630:643 arg1 structure 652:660 The interconnected porous structure 626:660 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 626:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 7 28 theme scaffold 919:926 arg1 surface 928:934 the specific scaffold surface 906:934 the specific scaffold surface 906:934 The addition of CB microparticles increased the specific scaffold surface by almost threefold and was found to be approximately 40 mm-1. 29616431 1 29 theme synthetic 78:86 arg1 materials 88:96 synthetic materials 78:96 synthetic materials 78:96 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications still presents issues owing to the potential for unfavourable safety characteristics. 29616431 2 30 dep natural 261:267 arg1 marine-derived 270:283 marine-derived 270:283 marine-derived 270:283 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 0 31 theme Marine-Derived 16:29 arg1 Material 31:38 a Marine-Derived Material 14:38 a Marine-Derived Material for Preparing Bone Grafts 14:64 Cuttlebone as a Marine-Derived Material for Preparing Bone Grafts. 29616431 10 32 contain had 1362:1364 arg1 non-cytotoxic 1344:1356 non-cytotoxic 1344:1356 non-cytotoxic 1344:1356 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 10 32 contain had 1362:1364 arg1 composite 1300:1308 composite 1300:1308 composite 1300:1308 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 10 32 contain had 1362:1364 arg2 effects 1378:1384 no damaging effects 1366:1384 no damaging effects 1366:1384 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 6 33 theme composite 784:792 arg1 porosity 768:775 The porosity 764:775 The porosity of the composite 764:792 The porosity of the composite was 80%, and the pore size predominantly ranged from 200 to 500 μm. 29616431 6 33 theme composite 784:792 arg1 % 800:800 80% 798:800 80% 798:800 The porosity of the composite was 80%, and the pore size predominantly ranged from 200 to 500 μm. 29616431 2 34 theme tissue 308:313 arg1 engineering 315:325 bone tissue engineering 303:325 bone tissue engineering 303:325 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 3 35 theme Sepia 374:378 arg1 endoskeleton 346:357 the endoskeleton 342:357 the endoskeleton 342:357 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 4 36 theme cellulose 553:561 arg1 gel 563:565 a cellulose gel 551:565 a cellulose gel 551:565 CB microparticles were mechanically immobilised within a cellulose gel, resulting in a macroporous structure upon lyophilisation. 29616431 5 37 theme composite 710:718 arg1 structure 652:660 The interconnected porous structure 626:660 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 626:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 2 38 theme bone 303:306 arg1 engineering 315:325 bone tissue engineering 303:325 bone tissue engineering 303:325 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 11 39 theme tissue-engineering 1474:1491 arg1 applications 1493:1504 bone tissue-engineering applications 1469:1504 bone tissue-engineering applications 1469:1504 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 1 40 theme safety 188:193 arg1 characteristics 195:209 unfavourable safety characteristics 175:209 unfavourable safety characteristics 175:209 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications still presents issues owing to the potential for unfavourable safety characteristics. 29616431 3 41 theme regenerated 417:427 arg1 cellulose 429:437 regenerated cellulose 417:437 regenerated cellulose (RC) 417:442 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 3 41 theme regenerated 417:427 arg1 RC 440:441 RC 440:441 RC 440:441 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 2 42 theme increasing 232:241 arg1 interest 243:250 increasing interest 232:250 increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering 232:325 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 10 43 theme damaging 1369:1376 arg1 effects 1378:1384 no damaging effects 1366:1384 no damaging effects 1366:1384 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 0 44 theme Bone 54:57 arg1 Grafts 59:64 Bone Grafts 54:64 Bone Grafts 54:64 Cuttlebone as a Marine-Derived Material for Preparing Bone Grafts. 29616431 4 45 theme CB 496:497 arg1 microparticles 499:512 CB microparticles 496:512 CB microparticles 496:512 CB microparticles were mechanically immobilised within a cellulose gel, resulting in a macroporous structure upon lyophilisation. 29616431 5 46 theme regenerated 669:679 arg1 composite 710:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 1 47 theme biomedical 102:111 arg1 applications 113:124 biomedical applications 102:124 biomedical applications 102:124 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications still presents issues owing to the potential for unfavourable safety characteristics. 29616431 5 48 theme cellulose/cuttlebone 681:700 arg1 composite 710:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 3 49 theme three-dimensional 455:471 arg1 grafts 488:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 three-dimensional composite bone grafts 455:493 In our study, the endoskeleton of the mollusc Sepia, i.e. cuttlebone (CB), was used with regenerated cellulose (RC) to prepare three-dimensional composite bone grafts. 29616431 10 50 theme obtained 1259:1266 arg1 data 1268:1271 The obtained data 1255:1271 The obtained data 1255:1271 The obtained data demonstrated that both the composite and cellulose matrix samples were non-cytotoxic and had no damaging effects. 29616431 6 51 dep 500 μm 854:859 arg1 to 851:852 to 851:852 to 851:852 The porosity of the composite was 80%, and the pore size predominantly ranged from 200 to 500 μm. 29616431 9 52 theme prepared 1150:1157 arg1 composite 1165:1173 the prepared RC/CB composite 1146:1173 the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes 1146:1194 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 1 53 theme materials 88:96 arg1 use 71:73 The use 67:73 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications 67:124 The use of synthetic materials for biomedical applications still presents issues owing to the potential for unfavourable safety characteristics. 29616431 4 54 theme macroporous 583:593 arg1 structure 595:603 a macroporous structure 581:603 a macroporous structure upon lyophilisation 581:623 CB microparticles were mechanically immobilised within a cellulose gel, resulting in a macroporous structure upon lyophilisation. 29616431 5 55 theme RC/CB 703:707 arg1 composite 710:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite 665:718 The interconnected porous structure of the regenerated cellulose/cuttlebone (RC/CB) composite was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. 29616431 2 56 theme natural 261:267 arg1 materials 289:297 natural, marine-derived raw materials 261:297 natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering 261:325 Currently, there is increasing interest in using natural, marine-derived raw materials for bone tissue engineering. 29616431 9 57 theme RC/CB 1159:1163 arg1 composite 1165:1173 the prepared RC/CB composite 1146:1173 the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes 1146:1194 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 7 58 theme microparticles 881:894 arg1 40 mm-1 990:996 40 mm-1 990:996 40 mm-1 990:996 The addition of CB microparticles increased the specific scaffold surface by almost threefold and was found to be approximately 40 mm-1. 29616431 7 58 theme microparticles 881:894 arg1 addition 866:873 The addition 862:873 The addition of CB microparticles 862:894 The addition of CB microparticles increased the specific scaffold surface by almost threefold and was found to be approximately 40 mm-1. 29616431 8 59 theme RC/CB 1057:1061 arg1 composite 1063:1071 the RC/CB composite 1053:1071 the RC/CB composite 1053:1071 The modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of the RC/CB composite were 4.0 ± 0.6 and 22.0 ± 0.9 MPa, respectively. 29616431 9 60 theme composite 1165:1173 arg1 biocompatibility 1126:1141 The biocompatibility 1122:1141 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue 1122:1238 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 29616431 7 61 theme specific 910:917 arg1 surface 928:934 the specific scaffold surface 906:934 the specific scaffold surface 906:934 The addition of CB microparticles increased the specific scaffold surface by almost threefold and was found to be approximately 40 mm-1. 29616431 11 62 theme RC/CB 1420:1424 arg1 material 1447:1454 a novel material 1439:1454 a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications 1439:1504 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 11 62 theme RC/CB 1420:1424 arg1 composite 1426:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 this RC/CB composite 1415:1434 These results indicate that this RC/CB composite is a novel material suitable for bone tissue-engineering applications. 29616431 9 63 with composite 1165:1173 arg1 hepatocytes 1184:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 rat hepatocytes 1180:1194 The biocompatibility of the prepared RC/CB composite with rat hepatocytes and extensor digitorum longus muscle tissue was evaluated. 32009786 8 0 theme Alg-CS-Flu 1618:1627 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 0 theme Alg-CS-Flu 1618:1627 arg1 application 1701:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 0 theme Alg-CS-Flu 1618:1627 arg1 material 1665:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 1 theme promising 1655:1663 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 1 theme promising 1655:1663 arg1 material 1665:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 7 2 from cells 1312:1316 arg1 staining 1359:1366 hematoxylin-eosin staining 1341:1366 hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d 1341:1426 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 2 from cells 1312:1316 arg1 viability 1280:1288 cell viability 1275:1288 cell viability 1275:1288 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 2 from cells 1312:1316 arg1 morphology 1296:1305 cell morphology 1291:1305 cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro 1291:1334 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 8 3 theme developed 1608:1616 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 3 theme developed 1608:1616 arg1 application 1701:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 3 theme developed 1608:1616 arg1 material 1665:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 a promising material 1653:1672 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 4 4 theme carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide 729:761 arg1 crosslinking 763:774 freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking 676:774 freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking 676:774 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 7 5 theme unfavorable 1477:1487 arg1 effects 1489:1495 no unfavorable effects 1474:1495 no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts 1474:1544 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 5 6 theme stress-strain 1060:1072 arg1 testing 1074:1080 stress-strain testing 1060:1080 stress-strain testing 1060:1080 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 3 7 theme anti-inflammatory 584:600 arg1 molecule 616:623 anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 584:623 anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 584:623 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 4 8 theme Alg/CS 641:646 arg1 solution 658:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 5 9 theme thermal 1036:1042 arg1 properties 1044:1053 thermal properties 1036:1053 thermal properties 1036:1053 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 7 10 theme anti-inflammatory 1565:1581 arg1 property 1583:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 4 11 theme uniform 820:826 arg1 morphology 839:848 a uniform and porous morphology 818:848 a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy 818:906 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 2 12 theme alginate 340:347 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 12 theme alginate 340:347 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 4 13 theme Flu-loaded 630:639 arg1 solution 658:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 5 14 theme as-prepared 924:934 arg1 scaffold 936:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold 909:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold 909:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 5 15 theme water 1015:1019 arg1 angle 1029:1033 water contact angle 1015:1033 water contact angle 1015:1033 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 5 16 theme Alg-CS-Flu 913:922 arg1 scaffold 936:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold 909:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold 909:943 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 4 17 theme freeze-drying 676:688 arg1 crosslinking 763:774 freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking 676:774 freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking 676:774 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 2 18 theme flurbiprofen-grafted 319:338 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 18 theme flurbiprofen-grafted 319:338 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 1 19 theme scaffolds 203:211 arg1 preparation 159:169 the preparation 155:169 the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds 155:211 AIM In this study, we attempted to regulate the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds via a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation. 32009786 1 20 theme Alg-CS-Flu 174:183 arg1 scaffolds 203:211 Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds 174:211 Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds 174:211 AIM In this study, we attempted to regulate the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds via a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation. 32009786 6 21 theme appropriate 1227:1237 arg1 properties 1250:1259 appropriate mechanical properties 1227:1259 appropriate mechanical properties 1227:1259 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 2 22 theme porous 312:317 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 22 theme porous 312:317 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 1 23 theme three-dimensional 185:201 arg1 scaffolds 203:211 Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds 174:211 Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds 174:211 AIM In this study, we attempted to regulate the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds via a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation. 32009786 7 24 theme cell 1291:1294 arg1 morphology 1296:1305 cell morphology 1291:1305 cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro 1291:1334 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 25 theme good 1560:1563 arg1 property 1583:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 3 26 theme non-steroidal 602:614 arg1 molecule 616:623 anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 584:623 anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 584:623 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 2 27 theme freeze-drying 418:430 arg1 method 432:437 a facile freeze-drying method 409:437 a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications 409:502 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 7 28 from property 1583:1590 arg1 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 28 from property 1583:1590 arg1 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 8 29 theme skin 1677:1680 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 29 theme skin 1677:1680 arg1 application 1701:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 7 30 from embedded 1403:1410 arg1 mice 1415:1418 mice 1415:1418 mice for 7 d 1415:1426 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 2 31 theme -chitosan 354:362 arg1 scaffolds 369:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 7 32 from effects 1489:1495 arg1 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 32 from effects 1489:1495 arg1 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 2 33 theme facile 411:416 arg1 method 432:437 a facile freeze-drying method 409:437 a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications 409:502 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 34 theme engineering 479:489 arg1 applications 491:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 7 35 theme fibroblasts 1534:1544 arg1 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 proliferation 1517:1529 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 35 theme fibroblasts 1534:1544 arg1 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 adhesion 1504:1511 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 2 36 theme skin 467:470 arg1 applications 491:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 37 theme tissue 472:477 arg1 applications 491:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 skin tissue engineering applications 467:502 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 8 38 theme engineering 1689:1699 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 38 theme engineering 1689:1699 arg1 application 1701:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 2 39 theme Alg 350:352 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 39 theme Alg 350:352 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 1 40 theme facile 219:224 arg1 method 240:245 a facile freeze-drying method 217:245 a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation 217:269 AIM In this study, we attempted to regulate the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds via a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation. 32009786 0 41 theme Three-Dimensional 55:71 arg1 Scaffold 73:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold 26:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering 26:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 6 42 theme mechanical 1239:1248 arg1 properties 1250:1259 appropriate mechanical properties 1227:1259 appropriate mechanical properties 1227:1259 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 3 43 theme Alg-CS 505:510 arg1 composite 512:520 Alg-CS composite 505:520 Alg-CS composite 505:520 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 4 44 theme electron 888:895 arg1 microscopy 897:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 7 45 dep adhesion 1504:1511 arg1 the 1500:1502 the 1500:1502 the 1500:1502 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 1 46 theme freeze-drying 226:238 arg1 method 240:245 a facile freeze-drying method 217:245 a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation 217:269 AIM In this study, we attempted to regulate the preparation of Alg-CS-Flu three-dimensional scaffolds via a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation. 32009786 0 47 theme Alginate-Chitosan 37:53 arg1 Scaffold 73:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold 26:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering 26:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 7 48 theme cell 1275:1278 arg1 viability 1280:1288 cell viability 1275:1288 cell viability 1275:1288 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 0 49 theme Functional 26:35 arg1 Scaffold 73:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold 26:80 Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering 26:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 7 50 from mice 1415:1418 arg1 embedded 1403:1410 embedded 1403:1410 embedded 1403:1410 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 6 51 theme Alg-CS-Flu 1169:1178 arg1 scaffold 1180:1187 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1165:1187 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1165:1187 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 7 52 theme hematoxylin-eosin 1341:1357 arg1 staining 1359:1366 hematoxylin-eosin staining 1341:1366 hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d 1341:1426 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 3 53 theme load 540:543 arg1 kind 576:579 a kind 574:579 a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 574:623 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 3 53 theme load 540:543 arg1 flurbiprofen 545:556 load flurbiprofen 540:556 load flurbiprofen (Flu) 540:562 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 3 53 theme load 540:543 arg1 Flu 559:561 Flu 559:561 Flu 559:561 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 0 54 theme Scaffold 73:80 arg1 Preparation 11:21 Preparation 11:21 Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering 11:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 8 55 dep CONCLUSION 1593:1602 arg1 proposed 1641:1648 proposed 1641:1648 is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application 1638:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 56 theme tissue 1682:1687 arg1 scaffold 1629:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1604:1636 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 8 56 theme tissue 1682:1687 arg1 application 1701:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 skin tissue engineering application 1677:1711 CONCLUSION The developed Alg-CS-Flu scaffold is proposed as a promising material or skin tissue engineering application. 32009786 7 57 theme Alg-CS-Flu 1450:1459 arg1 scaffold 1461:1468 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1446:1468 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1446:1468 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 5 58 theme contact 1021:1027 arg1 angle 1029:1033 water contact angle 1015:1033 water contact angle 1015:1033 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 4 59 theme scanning 879:886 arg1 microscopy 897:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 2 60 theme Three-dimensional 294:310 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 60 theme Three-dimensional 294:310 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 3 61 used used 532:535 arg2 composite 512:520 Alg-CS composite 505:520 Alg-CS composite 505:520 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 4 62 theme Alg-CS-Flu 787:796 arg1 scaffold 798:805 an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 784:805 an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 784:805 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 7 63 contain had 1470:1472 arg1 scaffold 1461:1468 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1446:1468 the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold 1446:1468 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 63 contain had 1470:1472 arg2 property 1583:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 a good anti-inflammatory property 1558:1590 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 7 63 contain had 1470:1472 arg2 effects 1489:1495 no unfavorable effects 1474:1495 no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts 1474:1544 Furthermore, cell viability, cell morphology from cells cultured in vitro, and hematoxylin-eosin staining after the graft was subcutaneously embedded in mice for 7 d demonstrated that the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold had no unfavorable effects on the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts, as well as a good anti-inflammatory property. 32009786 4 64 theme porous 832:837 arg1 morphology 839:848 a uniform and porous morphology 818:848 a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy 818:906 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 6 65 dep RESULTS 1083:1089 arg1 reveal 1103:1108 reveal 1103:1108 reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties 1103:1259 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 2 66 theme METHODS 286:292 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 66 theme METHODS 286:292 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 5 67 theme infrared 992:999 arg1 spectroscopy 1001:1012 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 974:1012 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 974:1012 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 4 68 theme composite 648:656 arg1 solution 658:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution 626:665 The Flu-loaded Alg/CS composite solution, through freeze-drying and 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide crosslinking to form an Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, exhibited a uniform and porous morphology that was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. 32009786 0 69 theme Tissue 91:96 arg1 Engineering 98:108 Skin Tissue Engineering 86:108 Skin Tissue Engineering 86:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 6 70 theme good 1203:1206 arg1 hydrophilicity 1208:1221 good hydrophilicity 1203:1221 good hydrophilicity 1203:1221 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 5 71 theme Fourier-transform 974:990 arg1 spectroscopy 1001:1012 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 974:1012 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 974:1012 The Alg-CS-Flu as-prepared scaffold was also characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle, thermal properties, and stress-strain testing. 32009786 6 72 theme scaffold 1180:1187 arg1 surfaces 1153:1160 the surfaces 1149:1160 the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties 1149:1259 RESULTS The results reveal that Flu was successfully grafted onto the surfaces of the Alg-CS-Flu scaffold, which showed good hydrophilicity and appropriate mechanical properties. 32009786 0 73 theme Skin 86:89 arg1 Engineering 98:108 Skin Tissue Engineering 86:108 Skin Tissue Engineering 86:108 Regulating Preparation Of Functional Alginate-Chitosan Three-Dimensional Scaffold For Skin Tissue Engineering. 32009786 2 74 theme MATERIALS 272:280 arg1 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 CS 365:366 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 2 74 theme MATERIALS 272:280 arg1 -chitosan 354:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan 272:362 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds 272:377 MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional porous flurbiprofen-grafted alginate (Alg)-chitosan (CS) scaffolds were successfully prepared by a facile freeze-drying method combined with amidation for skin tissue engineering applications. 32009786 3 75 theme molecule 616:623 arg1 kind 576:579 a kind 574:579 a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule 574:623 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 32009786 3 75 theme molecule 616:623 arg1 flurbiprofen 545:556 load flurbiprofen 540:556 load flurbiprofen (Flu) 540:562 Alg-CS composite was first used to load flurbiprofen (Flu), which is a kind of anti-inflammatory non-steroidal molecule. 30501018 14 0 theme fructans 1148:1155 arg1 activity 1130:1137 The prebiotic activity 1116:1137 The prebiotic activity of these fructans 1116:1155 The prebiotic activity of these fructans was evaluated by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 15 1 theme significant 1315:1325 arg1 stimulation 1334:1344 significant growth stimulation 1315:1344 significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum 1315:1370 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 16 2 theme inulin-type 1435:1445 arg1 fructans 1447:1454 inulin-type fructans 1435:1454 inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis 1435:1474 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 16 2 theme inulin-type 1435:1445 arg1 prebiotics 1503:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 9 3 theme fructosyl-fructose 529:546 arg1 links 548:552 β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links 521:552 β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure 521:574 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 14 4 theme prebiotic 1120:1128 arg1 activity 1130:1137 The prebiotic activity 1116:1137 The prebiotic activity of these fructans 1116:1155 The prebiotic activity of these fructans was evaluated by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 9 5 theme low-calorie 657:667 arg1 foods 669:673 low-calorie foods 657:673 low-calorie foods 657:673 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 8 6 from ulcers 422:427 arg1 China 454:458 China 454:458 China 454:458 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 10 7 theme prebiotic 710:718 arg1 effects 720:726 The prebiotic effects 706:726 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans 706:750 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 15 8 from stimulation 1334:1344 arg1 longum 1365:1370 Bifidobacterium longum 1349:1370 Bifidobacterium longum 1349:1370 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 9 9 theme chemical 557:564 arg1 structure 566:574 chemical structure 557:574 chemical structure 557:574 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 9 10 theme disease-modifying 679:695 arg1 effects 697:703 disease-modifying effects 679:703 disease-modifying effects 679:703 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 15 11 theme g/L 1301:1303 arg1 concentration 1280:1292 a concentration 1278:1292 a concentration of 2.0 g/L 1278:1303 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 0 12 from pilosula 43:50 arg1 Fructans 18:25 Three Inulin-Type Fructans 0:25 Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 0:60 Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 2 13 from Roots 69:73 arg1 longum 123:128 Bifidobacterium longum 107:128 Bifidobacterium longum 107:128 Roots and Their Prebiotic Activity on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 3 14 theme pilosula 186:193 arg1 roots 166:170 the roots 162:170 the roots of Codonopsis pilosula 162:193 Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 10 15 theme fructans 743:750 arg1 effects 720:726 The prebiotic effects 706:726 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans 706:750 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 8 16 theme Chinese 342:348 arg1 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 16 theme Chinese 342:348 arg1 medicine 350:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 16 theme Chinese 342:348 arg1 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 0 17 theme Inulin-Type 6:16 arg1 Fructans 18:25 Three Inulin-Type Fructans 0:25 Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 0:60 Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 8 18 dep improving 363:371 arg1 treating 405:412 treating 405:412 treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China 405:458 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 11 19 theme pilosula 1021:1028 arg1 roots 1001:1005 the roots 997:1005 the roots of Codonopsis pilosula 997:1028 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 2 20 from Activity 95:102 arg1 longum 123:128 Bifidobacterium longum 107:128 Bifidobacterium longum 107:128 Roots and Their Prebiotic Activity on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 16 21 used used 1485:1488 arg2 fructans 1447:1454 inulin-type fructans 1435:1454 inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis 1435:1474 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 16 21 used used 1485:1488 arg2 prebiotics 1503:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 8 22 from gastritis 441:449 arg1 China 454:458 China 454:458 China 454:458 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 10 23 theme inulin-type 731:741 arg1 fructans 743:750 inulin-type fructans 731:750 inulin-type fructans 731:750 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 9 24 theme Inulin-type 461:471 arg1 fructans 473:480 Inulin-type fructans 461:480 Inulin-type fructans 461:480 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 9 24 theme Inulin-type 461:471 arg1 carbohydrates 486:498 carbohydrates 486:498 carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure 486:574 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 3 25 theme Codonopsis 175:184 arg1 pilosula 186:193 Codonopsis pilosula 175:193 Codonopsis pilosula 175:193 Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 16 26 from fructans 1447:1454 arg1 Codonopsis 1465:1474 Codonopsis 1465:1474 Codonopsis 1465:1474 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 8 27 theme gastrointestinal 378:393 arg1 function 395:402 poor gastrointestinal function 373:402 poor gastrointestinal function 373:402 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 7 28 dep modesta 255:261 arg1 Nannf 264:268 Nannf 264:268 Nannf. 264:269 modesta (Nannf.) 30501018 11 29 dep isolated 983:990 arg1 Franch 1031:1036 Franch 1031:1036 Franch 1031:1036 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 15 30 theme growth 1327:1332 arg1 stimulation 1334:1344 significant growth stimulation 1315:1344 significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum 1315:1370 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 8 31 theme poor 373:376 arg1 function 395:402 poor gastrointestinal function 373:402 poor gastrointestinal function 373:402 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 10 32 theme gastrointestinal 780:795 arg1 function 797:804 gastrointestinal function 780:804 gastrointestinal function 780:804 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 11 33 theme = 960:960 arg1 DP 957:958 DP = 16, 22, and 31 957:975 DP = 16, 22, and 31 957:975 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 11 33 theme = 960:960 arg1 polymerization 941:954 polymerization 941:954 polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 941:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 14 34 theme growth 1184:1189 arg1 stimulation 1191:1201 growth stimulation 1184:1201 growth stimulation 1184:1201 The prebiotic activity of these fructans was evaluated by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 10 35 theme microbiota 833:842 arg1 composition 844:854 gut microbiota composition 829:854 gut microbiota composition 829:854 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 9 36 theme properties 599:608 arg1 activity 628:635 prebiotic activity 618:635 prebiotic activity 618:635 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 9 36 theme properties 599:608 arg1 range 590:594 a range 588:594 a range of properties such as prebiotic activity 588:635 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 2 37 theme Prebiotic 85:93 arg1 Activity 95:102 Their Prebiotic Activity 79:102 Their Prebiotic Activity on Bifidobacterium longum 79:128 Roots and Their Prebiotic Activity on Bifidobacterium longum. 30501018 9 38 from links 548:552 arg1 structure 566:574 chemical structure 557:574 chemical structure 557:574 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 3 39 attach derived 149:155 arg2 Franch 196:201 Franch 196:201 Franch 196:201 Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 3 39 attach derived 149:155 arg2 Codonopsis 137:146 Codonopsis 137:146 Codonopsis 137:146 Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 3 39 attach derived 149:155 arg1 roots 166:170 the roots 162:170 the roots of Codonopsis pilosula 162:193 Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 8 40 theme traditional 330:340 arg1 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 40 theme traditional 330:340 arg1 medicine 350:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 40 theme traditional 330:340 arg1 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 15 41 theme p 1400:1400 arg1 < 1402:1402 p < 0.01 1400:1407 p < 0.01 1400:1407 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 15 42 dep exhibited 1305:1313 arg1 < 1402:1402 p < 0.01 1400:1407 p < 0.01 1400:1407 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 8 43 theme gastric 414:420 arg1 ulcers 422:427 gastric ulcers 414:427 gastric ulcers 414:427 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 15 44 theme time-dependent 1377:1390 arg1 manner 1392:1397 a time-dependent manner 1375:1397 a time-dependent manner 1375:1397 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 11 45 attach isolated 983:990 arg1 roots 1001:1005 the roots 997:1005 the roots of Codonopsis pilosula 997:1028 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 11 45 attach isolated 983:990 arg2 fructans 912:919 three inulin-type fructans 894:919 three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 894:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 9 46 theme prebiotic 618:626 arg1 activity 628:635 prebiotic activity 618:635 prebiotic activity 618:635 Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. 30501018 11 47 theme polymerization 941:954 arg1 degree 931:936 high degree 926:936 high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 926:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 16 48 theme potential 1493:1501 arg1 fructans 1447:1454 inulin-type fructans 1435:1454 inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis 1435:1474 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 16 48 theme potential 1493:1501 arg1 prebiotics 1503:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 potential prebiotics 1493:1512 The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics. 30501018 15 49 from concentration 1280:1292 arg1 fructans 1266:1273 three fructans 1260:1273 three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L 1260:1303 The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). 30501018 8 50 used used 322:325 arg2 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 Shen 277:280 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 50 used used 322:325 arg2 medicine 350:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 traditional Chinese medicine 330:357 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 8 50 used used 322:325 arg2 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 Oliv. 306:310 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30501018 11 51 theme present 879:885 arg1 study 887:891 the present study 875:891 the present study 875:891 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 0 52 dep Fructans 18:25 arg1 Franch 53:58 Franch 53:58 Franch 53:58 Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 11 53 theme Codonopsis 1010:1019 arg1 pilosula 1021:1028 Codonopsis pilosula 1010:1028 Codonopsis pilosula 1010:1028 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 11 54 theme high 926:929 arg1 degree 931:936 high degree 926:936 high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 926:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 10 55 theme gut 829:831 arg1 composition 844:854 gut microbiota composition 829:854 gut microbiota composition 829:854 The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. 30501018 11 56 with fructans 912:919 arg1 degree 931:936 high degree 926:936 high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 926:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 11 57 theme inulin-type 900:910 arg1 fructans 912:919 three inulin-type fructans 894:919 three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) 894:976 In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) 30501018 8 58 theme chronic 433:439 arg1 gastritis 441:449 chronic gastritis 433:449 chronic gastritis 433:449 L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. 30919164 13 0 with sample 1496:1501 arg1 endotherm 1514:1522 minor endotherm 1508:1522 minor endotherm 1508:1522 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 14 1 from stabilization 1690:1702 arg1 potent 1655:1660 potent 1655:1660 potent 1655:1660 Trehalose was more potent than the amino acids in the stabilization of IgG. 30919164 8 2 theme 25 mg 1106:1110 arg1 trehalose 1135:1143 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose 1106:1143 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose 1106:1143 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 1 3 theme physical 148:155 arg1 stability 172:180 The physical and structural stability 144:180 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) 144:219 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 10 4 theme induced 1254:1260 arg1 % 1326:1326 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70% 1307:1326 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70% 1307:1326 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions were 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70%. 30919164 10 4 theme induced 1254:1260 arg1 aggregates 1262:1271 The corresponding induced aggregates 1236:1271 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions 1236:1300 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions were 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70%. 30919164 17 5 theme trehalose 1986:1994 arg1 co-application 1968:1981 the co-application 1964:1981 the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine 1964:2012 The statistically synergistic phenomenon was only observed in the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine. 30919164 1 6 dep acids 267:271 arg1 glycine 274:280 glycine 274:280 glycine 274:280 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 6 dep acids 267:271 arg1 acids 267:271 amino acids 261:271 amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine) 261:308 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 6 dep acids 267:271 arg1 phenylalanine 283:295 phenylalanine 283:295 phenylalanine 283:295 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 6 dep acids 267:271 arg1 serine 302:307 serine 302:307 serine 302:307 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 8 7 theme powders 1010:1016 arg1 formulations 994:1005 Optimized formulations 984:1005 Optimized formulations of powders 984:1016 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 7 8 theme sulfate-polyacrylamide 929:950 arg1 SDS-PAGE 973:980 SDS-PAGE 973:980 SDS-PAGE 973:980 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 7 8 theme sulfate-polyacrylamide 929:950 arg1 electrophoresis 956:970 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 914:970 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 914:981 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 10 9 theme corresponding 1240:1252 arg1 % 1326:1326 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70% 1307:1326 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70% 1307:1326 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions were 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70%. 30919164 10 9 theme corresponding 1240:1252 arg1 aggregates 1262:1271 The corresponding induced aggregates 1236:1271 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions 1236:1300 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions were 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70%. 30919164 15 10 theme effective 1732:1740 arg1 Serine 1712:1717 Serine 1712:1717 Serine 1712:1717 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 15 10 theme effective 1732:1740 arg1 acid 1748:1751 the most effective amino acid 1723:1751 the most effective amino acid 1723:1751 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 14 11 from potent 1655:1660 arg1 stabilization 1690:1702 the stabilization 1686:1702 the stabilization of IgG 1686:1709 Trehalose was more potent than the amino acids in the stabilization of IgG. 30919164 7 12 theme gel 952:954 arg1 SDS-PAGE 973:980 SDS-PAGE 973:980 SDS-PAGE 973:980 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 7 12 theme gel 952:954 arg1 electrophoresis 956:970 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 914:970 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 914:981 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 16 13 theme stabilization 1876:1888 arg1 capability 1890:1899 low stabilization capability 1872:1899 low stabilization capability 1872:1899 Glycine crystallization was assumed to have accounted for low stabilization capability. 30919164 7 14 theme IgG 848:850 arg1 behavior 812:819 Thermal behavior 804:819 Thermal behavior 804:819 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 7 14 theme IgG 848:850 arg1 integrity 835:843 molecular integrity 825:843 molecular integrity 825:843 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 17 15 theme phenylalanine 2000:2012 arg1 co-application 1968:1981 the co-application 1964:1981 the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine 1964:2012 The statistically synergistic phenomenon was only observed in the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine. 30919164 5 16 theme excipients 633:642 arg1 amounts 622:628 The amounts 618:628 The amounts of excipients 618:642 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 5 16 theme excipients 633:642 arg1 excipients 633:642 excipients 633:642 excipients 633:642 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 2 17 theme amino 327:331 arg1 acids 333:337 amino acids 327:337 amino acids 327:337 The efficacy of amino acids was statistically compared considering their side-chain characteristics. 30919164 7 18 theme molecular 825:833 arg1 integrity 835:843 molecular integrity 825:843 molecular integrity 825:843 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 1 19 theme amino 261:265 arg1 glycine 274:280 glycine 274:280 glycine 274:280 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 19 theme amino 261:265 arg1 acids 267:271 amino acids 261:271 amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine) 261:308 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 19 theme amino 261:265 arg1 phenylalanine 283:295 phenylalanine 283:295 phenylalanine 283:295 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 19 theme amino 261:265 arg1 serine 302:307 serine 302:307 serine 302:307 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 8 20 theme 24.5 mg 1035:1041 arg1 trehalose 1059:1067 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose 1035:1067 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose 1035:1067 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 16 21 theme Glycine 1814:1820 arg1 crystallization 1822:1836 Glycine crystallization 1814:1836 Glycine crystallization 1814:1836 Glycine crystallization was assumed to have accounted for low stabilization capability. 30919164 12 22 theme native 1390:1395 arg1 conformation 1397:1408 The native conformation 1386:1408 The native conformation of IgG 1386:1415 The native conformation of IgG was well preserved in the presence of amino acids. 30919164 15 23 theme next 1789:1792 arg1 phenylalanine 1754:1766 phenylalanine 1754:1766 phenylalanine 1754:1766 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 15 23 theme next 1789:1792 arg1 ones 1794:1797 the next ones 1785:1797 the next ones 1785:1797 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 15 23 theme next 1789:1792 arg1 glycine 1772:1778 glycine 1772:1778 glycine 1772:1778 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 1 24 theme structural 161:170 arg1 stability 172:180 The physical and structural stability 144:180 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) 144:219 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 14 25 theme IgG 1707:1709 arg1 stabilization 1690:1702 the stabilization 1686:1702 the stabilization of IgG 1686:1709 Trehalose was more potent than the amino acids in the stabilization of IgG. 30919164 8 26 theme Optimized 984:992 arg1 formulations 994:1005 Optimized formulations 984:1005 Optimized formulations of powders 984:1016 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 6 27 dep Fourier 756:762 arg1 transform 764:772 transform 764:772 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 764:801 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG was quantified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 amount 416:421 The amount 412:421 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) 412:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 trehalose 447:455 trehalose 447:455 trehalose (X2) 447:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 acids 432:436 amino acids 426:436 amino acids (X1) 426:441 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 X2 458:459 X2 458:459 X2 458:459 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 variables 492:500 independent variables 480:500 independent variables 480:500 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 28 theme acids 432:436 arg1 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 13 29 theme examination 1610:1620 arg1 temperatures 1622:1633 examination temperatures 1610:1633 examination temperatures 1610:1633 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 12 30 theme IgG 1413:1415 arg1 conformation 1397:1408 The native conformation 1386:1408 The native conformation of IgG 1386:1415 The native conformation of IgG was well preserved in the presence of amino acids. 30919164 16 31 theme low 1872:1874 arg1 capability 1890:1899 low stabilization capability 1872:1899 low stabilization capability 1872:1899 Glycine crystallization was assumed to have accounted for low stabilization capability. 30919164 8 32 theme 14 mg 1070:1074 arg1 Trehalose 1091:1099 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose 1070:1099 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose 1070:1099 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 8 33 theme serine-139.5 mg 1043:1057 arg1 trehalose 1059:1067 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose 1035:1067 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose 1035:1067 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 1 34 theme freeze-dried 185:196 arg1 G 213:213 freeze-dried immunoglobulin G 185:213 freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) 185:219 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 34 theme freeze-dried 185:196 arg1 IgG 216:218 IgG 216:218 IgG 216:218 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 0 35 theme IgG 23:25 arg1 Formulation 27:37 Stable IgG Formulation 16:37 Stable IgG Formulation 16:37 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 13 36 from temperatures 1622:1633 arg1 amorphous 1597:1605 amorphous 1597:1605 amorphous 1597:1605 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 0 37 theme Central 118:124 arg1 Design 136:141 a Central Composite Design 116:141 a Central Composite Design 116:141 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 17 38 located observed 1952:1959 arg2 phenomenon 1932:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon 1902:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon 1902:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon was only observed in the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine. 30919164 17 38 located observed 1952:1959 arg1 co-application 1968:1981 the co-application 1964:1981 the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine 1964:2012 The statistically synergistic phenomenon was only observed in the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine. 30919164 6 39 dep transform 764:772 arg1 infrared 774:781 infrared 774:781 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 764:801 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG was quantified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30919164 1 40 theme immunoglobulin 198:211 arg1 G 213:213 freeze-dried immunoglobulin G 185:213 freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) 185:219 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 1 40 theme immunoglobulin 198:211 arg1 IgG 216:218 IgG 216:218 IgG 216:218 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 0 41 theme Stable 16:21 arg1 Formulation 27:37 Stable IgG Formulation 16:37 Stable IgG Formulation 16:37 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 5 42 theme composite 679:687 arg1 CCD 697:699 CCD 697:699 CCD 697:699 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 5 42 theme composite 679:687 arg1 design 689:694 the central composite design 667:694 the central composite design (CCD) 667:700 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 13 43 theme incorporating 1564:1576 arg1 powders 1578:1584 incorporating powders 1564:1584 incorporating powders 1564:1584 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 1 44 theme G 213:213 arg1 stability 172:180 The physical and structural stability 144:180 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) 144:219 The physical and structural stability of freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) were examined by applying trehalose and amino acids (glycine, phenylalanine, and serine). 30919164 13 45 theme glycine-based 1482:1494 arg1 sample 1496:1501 the glycine-based sample 1478:1501 the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm 1478:1522 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 0 46 theme Formulation 27:37 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage 0:113 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 13 47 dep serine 1539:1544 arg1 powders 1578:1584 incorporating powders 1564:1584 incorporating powders 1564:1584 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 0 48 theme Composite 126:134 arg1 Design 136:141 a Central Composite Design 116:141 a Central Composite Design 116:141 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 17 49 theme synergistic 1920:1930 arg1 phenomenon 1932:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon 1902:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon 1902:1941 The statistically synergistic phenomenon was only observed in the co-application of trehalose and phenylalanine. 30919164 6 50 theme IgG 734:736 arg1 conformation 718:729 The beta-sheet conformation 703:729 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG 703:736 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG was quantified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30919164 2 51 theme side-chain 384:393 arg1 characteristics 395:409 their side-chain characteristics 378:409 their side-chain characteristics 378:409 The efficacy of amino acids was statistically compared considering their side-chain characteristics. 30919164 7 52 theme Thermal 804:810 arg1 behavior 812:819 Thermal behavior 804:819 Thermal behavior 804:819 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 3 53 theme amino 426:430 arg1 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 53 theme amino 426:430 arg1 acids 432:436 amino acids 426:436 amino acids (X1) 426:441 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 0 54 theme Amino 50:54 arg1 Acids 56:60 Amino Acids 50:60 Amino Acids 50:60 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 4 55 theme exclusion 508:516 arg1 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 55 theme exclusion 508:516 arg1 chromatography 518:531 Size exclusion chromatography 503:531 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) 503:542 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 5 56 theme central 671:677 arg1 CCD 697:699 CCD 697:699 CCD 697:699 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 5 56 theme central 671:677 arg1 design 689:694 the central composite design 667:694 the central composite design (CCD) 667:700 The amounts of excipients were optimized through the central composite design (CCD). 30919164 14 57 theme amino 1671:1675 arg1 acids 1677:1681 the amino acids 1667:1681 the amino acids 1667:1681 Trehalose was more potent than the amino acids in the stabilization of IgG. 30919164 7 58 theme scanning 883:890 arg1 DSC 905:907 DSC 905:907 DSC 905:907 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 7 58 theme scanning 883:890 arg1 calorimetry 892:902 differential scanning calorimetry 870:902 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 870:908 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 4 59 theme Size 503:506 arg1 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 59 theme Size 503:506 arg1 chromatography 518:531 Size exclusion chromatography 503:531 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) 503:542 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 8 60 theme phenylalanine-139.5 mg 1112:1133 arg1 trehalose 1135:1143 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose 1106:1143 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose 1106:1143 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 12 61 theme acids 1461:1465 arg1 presence 1443:1450 the presence 1439:1450 the presence of amino acids 1439:1465 The native conformation of IgG was well preserved in the presence of amino acids. 30919164 6 62 theme beta-sheet 707:716 arg1 conformation 718:729 The beta-sheet conformation 703:729 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG 703:736 The beta-sheet conformation of IgG was quantified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 amount 416:421 The amount 412:421 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) 412:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 trehalose 447:455 trehalose 447:455 trehalose (X2) 447:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 acids 432:436 amino acids 426:436 amino acids (X1) 426:441 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 X2 458:459 X2 458:459 X2 458:459 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 variables 492:500 independent variables 480:500 independent variables 480:500 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 63 theme trehalose 447:455 arg1 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 X1 439:440 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 15 64 theme amino 1742:1746 arg1 Serine 1712:1717 Serine 1712:1717 Serine 1712:1717 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 15 64 theme amino 1742:1746 arg1 acid 1748:1751 the most effective amino acid 1723:1751 the most effective amino acid 1723:1751 Serine was the most effective amino acid; phenylalanine and glycine were the next ones, respectively. 30919164 4 65 theme soluble 574:580 arg1 variables 607:615 dependent variables 597:615 dependent variables 597:615 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 65 theme soluble 574:580 arg1 aggregates 582:591 the soluble aggregates 570:591 the soluble aggregates 570:591 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 66 used utilized 548:555 arg2 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 SEC-HPLC 534:541 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 66 used utilized 548:555 arg2 chromatography 518:531 Size exclusion chromatography 503:531 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) 503:542 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 9 67 theme soluble 1161:1167 arg1 aggregates 1169:1178 soluble aggregates 1161:1178 soluble aggregates 1161:1178 The amounts of soluble aggregates after processing were 0, 4.50, and 2.20%, respectively. 30919164 2 68 theme acids 333:337 arg1 efficacy 315:322 The efficacy 311:322 The efficacy of amino acids 311:337 The efficacy of amino acids was statistically compared considering their side-chain characteristics. 30919164 10 69 theme storage 1283:1289 arg1 conditions 1291:1300 storage conditions 1283:1300 storage conditions 1283:1300 The corresponding induced aggregates following storage conditions were 1.02, 7.0, and 3.70%. 30919164 12 70 theme amino 1455:1459 arg1 acids 1461:1465 amino acids 1455:1465 amino acids 1455:1465 The native conformation of IgG was well preserved in the presence of amino acids. 30919164 13 71 theme minor 1508:1512 arg1 endotherm 1514:1522 minor endotherm 1508:1522 minor endotherm 1508:1522 Excluding the glycine-based sample with minor endotherm at about 45°C, serine and phenylalanine incorporating powders were fully amorphous at examination temperatures. 30919164 4 72 theme dependent 597:605 arg1 variables 607:615 dependent variables 597:615 dependent variables 597:615 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 4 72 theme dependent 597:605 arg1 aggregates 582:591 the soluble aggregates 570:591 the soluble aggregates 570:591 Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) was utilized to calculate the soluble aggregates, as dependent variables. 30919164 0 73 dep Design 136:141 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage 0:113 Optimization of Stable IgG Formulation Containing Amino Acids and Trehalose During Freeze-Drying and After Storage: a Central Composite Design. 30919164 7 74 theme differential 870:881 arg1 DSC 905:907 DSC 905:907 DSC 905:907 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 7 74 theme differential 870:881 arg1 calorimetry 892:902 differential scanning calorimetry 870:902 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 870:908 Thermal behavior and molecular integrity of IgG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). 30919164 11 75 theme detectable 1364:1373 arg1 fragments 1375:1383 no detectable fragments 1361:1383 no detectable fragments 1361:1383 In all preparations, there were no detectable fragments. 30919164 9 76 theme aggregates 1169:1178 arg1 % 1219:1219 0, 4.50, and 2.20% 1202:1219 0, 4.50, and 2.20% 1202:1219 The amounts of soluble aggregates after processing were 0, 4.50, and 2.20%, respectively. 30919164 9 76 theme aggregates 1169:1178 arg1 amounts 1150:1156 The amounts 1146:1156 The amounts of soluble aggregates after processing 1146:1195 The amounts of soluble aggregates after processing were 0, 4.50, and 2.20%, respectively. 30919164 9 76 theme aggregates 1169:1178 arg1 aggregates 1169:1178 soluble aggregates 1161:1178 soluble aggregates 1161:1178 The amounts of soluble aggregates after processing were 0, 4.50, and 2.20%, respectively. 30919164 3 77 theme independent 480:490 arg1 trehalose 447:455 trehalose 447:455 trehalose (X2) 447:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 77 theme independent 480:490 arg1 variables 492:500 independent variables 480:500 independent variables 480:500 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 77 theme independent 480:490 arg1 acids 432:436 amino acids 426:436 amino acids (X1) 426:441 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 3 77 theme independent 480:490 arg1 amount 416:421 The amount 412:421 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) 412:460 The amount of amino acids (X1) and trehalose (X2) was considered as independent variables. 30919164 8 78 theme glycine-118 mg 1076:1089 arg1 Trehalose 1091:1099 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose 1070:1099 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose 1070:1099 Optimized formulations of powders were as follows: 24.5 mg serine-139.5 mg trehalose, 14 mg glycine-118 mg Trehalose, and 25 mg phenylalanine-139.5 mg trehalose. 30919164 18 79 dep abstract 2025:2032 arg1 Graphical 2015:2023 Graphical 2015:2023 Graphical 2015:2023 Graphical abstract. 29579983 7 0 theme dissolution 1178:1188 arg1 rate 1190:1193 The antacid dissolution rate 1166:1193 The antacid dissolution rate 1166:1193 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 8 1 theme biopolymer 1441:1450 arg1 composition 1452:1462 biopolymer composition 1441:1462 biopolymer composition 1441:1462 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 9 2 theme better 1653:1658 arg1 control 1660:1666 better control 1653:1666 better control over the pH of the gastric fluids 1653:1700 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 9 3 theme gastric 1687:1693 arg1 fluids 1695:1700 the gastric fluids 1683:1700 the gastric fluids 1683:1700 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 1 4 from problems 252:259 arg1 individuals 272:282 certain individuals 264:282 certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers 264:311 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 2 5 theme gastric 392:398 arg1 useful 421:426 useful 421:426 useful 421:426 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 2 5 theme gastric 392:398 arg1 fluids 400:405 the gastric fluids 388:405 the gastric fluids 388:405 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 4 6 dep biopolymers 733:743 arg1 alginate/pectin 758:772 alginate/pectin 758:772 alginate/pectin 758:772 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 4 6 dep biopolymers 733:743 arg1 alginate 746:753 alginate 746:753 alginate 746:753 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 4 6 dep biopolymers 733:743 arg1 biopolymers 733:743 biopolymers 733:743 biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) 733:773 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 8 7 theme dissolution 1317:1327 arg1 rate 1329:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 0 8 theme bead 103:106 arg1 dimensions 108:117 bead dimensions 103:117 bead dimensions 103:117 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 7 9 theme pore 1271:1274 arg1 % 1292:1292 0.8 to 2.0% alginate 1282:1301 0.8 to 2.0% alginate 1282:1301 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 7 9 theme pore 1271:1274 arg1 size 1276:1279 pore size 1271:1279 pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate) 1271:1302 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 8 10 theme pore 1487:1490 arg1 size 1492:1495 pore size 1487:1495 pore size 1487:1495 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 3 11 from impact 504:509 arg1 rate 580:583 the dissolution rate 564:583 the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid 564:607 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 1 12 theme health 245:250 arg1 problems 252:259 health problems 245:259 health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers 245:311 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 5 13 theme vibrating 916:924 arg1 device 947:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device 914:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes 914:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 1 14 dep reflux 295:300 arg1 e.g. 284:287 e.g. 284:287 e.g. 284:287 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 9 15 theme biopolymer 1556:1565 arg1 microgels 1567:1575 biopolymer microgels 1556:1575 biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids 1556:1700 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 7 16 theme microgel 1221:1228 arg1 diameter 1230:1237 microgel diameter 1221:1237 microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) 1221:1254 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 7 16 theme microgel 1221:1228 arg1 1660 μm 1247:1253 1660 μm 1247:1253 1660 μm 1247:1253 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 5 17 theme different 959:967 arg1 sizes 976:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 7 18 dep 1660 μm 1247:1253 arg1 to 1244:1245 to 1244:1245 to 1244:1245 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 4 19 theme magnesium 708:716 arg1 antacid 699:705 antacid 699:705 antacid 699:705 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 4 19 theme magnesium 708:716 arg1 hydroxide 718:726 magnesium hydroxide 708:726 magnesium hydroxide 708:726 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 5 20 theme nozzle 926:931 arg1 device 947:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device 914:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes 914:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 2 21 used used 357:360 arg2 microgels 340:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 5 22 theme nozzle 969:974 arg1 sizes 976:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 9 23 theme fluids 1695:1700 arg1 pH 1677:1678 the pH 1673:1678 the pH of the gastric fluids 1673:1700 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 6 24 theme automatic 1037:1045 arg1 device 1057:1062 an automatic titration device 1034:1062 an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5 1034:1163 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 6 24 theme automatic 1037:1045 arg1 stat 1068:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 0 25 theme dimensions 108:117 arg1 ratio 151:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 25 theme dimensions 108:117 arg1 Impact 93:98 Impact 93:98 Impact of bead dimensions 93:117 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 25 theme dimensions 108:117 arg1 size 125:128 pore size 120:128 pore size 120:128 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 25 theme dimensions 108:117 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 8 26 theme composition 1452:1462 arg1 impact 1431:1436 the impact 1427:1436 the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size 1427:1495 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 27 located observed 1338:1345 arg2 rate 1329:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 27 located observed 1338:1345 arg1 microgels 1350:1358 microgels 1350:1358 microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size 1350:1495 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 1 28 theme acidic 169:174 arg1 nature 176:181 The highly acidic nature 158:181 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach 158:228 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 7 29 dep 2.0 1289:1291 arg1 to 1286:1287 to 1286:1287 to 1286:1287 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 0 30 from biopolymer 36:45 arg1 antacids 22:29 antacids 22:29 antacids from biopolymer 22:45 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 3 31 theme microgel 525:532 arg1 dimensions 534:543 biopolymer microgel dimensions 514:543 biopolymer microgel dimensions 514:543 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 5 32 theme dimensions 855:864 arg1 Microgels 834:842 Microgels 834:842 Microgels of varying dimensions 834:864 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 5 33 with device 947:952 arg1 sizes 976:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 8 34 theme bead 1467:1470 arg1 dimensions 1472:1481 bead dimensions 1467:1481 bead dimensions 1467:1481 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 5 35 with syringe 903:909 arg1 sizes 976:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 different nozzle sizes 959:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 3 36 theme dimensions 534:543 arg1 impact 504:509 the impact 500:509 the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid 500:607 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 8 37 contain containing 1360:1369 arg2 alginate 1375:1382 80% alginate 1371:1382 80% alginate 1371:1382 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 37 contain containing 1360:1369 arg1 microgels 1350:1358 microgels 1350:1358 microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size 1350:1495 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 37 contain containing 1360:1369 arg2 pectin 1392:1397 20% pectin 1388:1397 20% pectin 1388:1397 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 1 38 theme certain 264:270 arg1 individuals 272:282 certain individuals 264:282 certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers 264:311 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 5 39 theme hand-held 893:901 arg1 syringe 903:909 a hand-held syringe 891:909 a hand-held syringe 891:909 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 0 40 dep conditions 81:90 arg1 ratio 151:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 40 dep conditions 81:90 arg1 Impact 93:98 Impact 93:98 Impact of bead dimensions 93:117 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 40 dep conditions 81:90 arg1 size 125:128 pore size 120:128 pore size 120:128 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 40 dep conditions 81:90 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 6 41 theme pH 1065:1066 arg1 device 1057:1062 an automatic titration device 1034:1062 an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5 1034:1163 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 6 41 theme pH 1065:1066 arg1 stat 1068:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 2 42 theme fluids 400:405 arg1 acidity 377:383 the acidity 373:383 the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems 373:482 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 0 43 theme antacids 22:29 arg1 Controlled-release 0:17 Controlled-release 0:17 Controlled-release 0:17 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 44 theme pore 120:123 arg1 size 125:128 pore size 120:128 pore size 120:128 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 44 theme pore 120:123 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 8 45 theme 20 1388:1389 arg1 % 1390:1390 % 1390:1390 % 1390:1390 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 3 46 theme biopolymer 514:523 arg1 dimensions 534:543 biopolymer microgel dimensions 514:543 biopolymer microgel dimensions 514:543 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 1 47 theme gastric 190:196 arg1 fluids 198:203 the gastric fluids 186:203 the gastric fluids inside the human stomach 186:228 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 2 48 theme functional 443:452 arg1 foods 454:458 functional foods 443:458 functional foods 443:458 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 4 49 theme chloride 790:797 arg1 solution 799:806 a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking 780:831 a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking 780:831 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 1 50 theme fluids 198:203 arg1 nature 176:181 The highly acidic nature 158:181 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach 158:228 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 9 51 theme antacids 1609:1616 arg1 release 1598:1604 the release 1594:1604 the release of antacids 1594:1616 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 3 52 theme antacid 601:607 arg1 rate 580:583 the dissolution rate 564:583 the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid 564:607 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 4 53 theme calcium 782:788 arg1 solution 799:806 a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking 780:831 a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking 780:831 The microgels were formed by injecting antacid (magnesium hydroxide) and biopolymers (alginate or alginate/pectin) into a calcium chloride solution to promote cross-linking. 29579983 0 54 theme simulated 63:71 arg1 ratio 151:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 54 theme simulated 63:71 arg1 Impact 93:98 Impact 93:98 Impact of bead dimensions 93:117 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 54 theme simulated 63:71 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 54 theme simulated 63:71 arg1 size 125:128 pore size 120:128 pore size 120:128 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 1 55 theme acid 290:293 arg1 reflux 295:300 acid reflux 290:300 acid reflux 290:300 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 8 56 theme slowest 1309:1315 arg1 rate 1329:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate 1305:1332 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 57 theme % 1390:1390 arg1 pectin 1392:1397 20% pectin 1388:1397 20% pectin 1388:1397 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 2 58 theme biopolymer 329:338 arg1 microgels 340:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 8 59 from impact 1431:1436 arg1 dimensions 1472:1481 bead dimensions 1467:1481 bead dimensions 1467:1481 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 8 59 from impact 1431:1436 arg1 size 1492:1495 pore size 1487:1495 pore size 1487:1495 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 0 60 theme alginate/pectin 135:149 arg1 ratio 151:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 60 theme alginate/pectin 135:149 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 3 61 theme composition 549:559 arg1 impact 504:509 the impact 500:509 the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid 500:607 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 7 62 theme antacid 1170:1176 arg1 rate 1190:1193 The antacid dissolution rate 1166:1193 The antacid dissolution rate 1166:1193 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 2 63 theme Antacid-loaded 314:327 arg1 microgels 340:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels 314:348 Antacid-loaded biopolymer microgels can be used to control the acidity of the gastric fluids, which may be useful for developing functional foods to treat these problems. 29579983 7 64 theme alginate 1294:1301 arg1 % 1292:1292 0.8 to 2.0% alginate 1282:1301 0.8 to 2.0% alginate 1282:1301 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 7 64 theme alginate 1294:1301 arg1 size 1276:1279 pore size 1271:1279 pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate) 1271:1302 The antacid dissolution rate decreased with increasing microgel diameter (300 to 1660 μm) and decreasing pore size (0.8 to 2.0% alginate). 29579983 6 65 theme constant 1146:1153 arg1 pH 1155:1156 a constant pH 1144:1156 a constant pH of 2.5 1144:1163 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 8 66 theme 80 1371:1372 arg1 % 1373:1373 % 1373:1373 % 1373:1373 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 5 67 theme encapsulation 933:945 arg1 device 947:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device 914:952 a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes 914:980 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 9 68 theme microgels 1567:1575 arg1 design 1546:1551 the design 1542:1551 the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids 1542:1700 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 3 69 theme simulated 630:638 arg1 conditions 648:657 simulated gastric conditions 630:657 simulated gastric conditions 630:657 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 8 70 theme % 1373:1373 arg1 alginate 1375:1382 80% alginate 1371:1382 80% alginate 1371:1382 The slowest dissolution rate was observed in microgels containing 80% alginate and 20% pectin, which may have been due to the impact of biopolymer composition on bead dimensions and pore size. 29579983 6 71 theme simulated 1107:1115 arg1 fluids 1125:1130 the simulated gastric fluids 1103:1130 the simulated gastric fluids 1103:1130 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 1 72 theme human 216:220 arg1 stomach 222:228 the human stomach 212:228 the human stomach 212:228 The highly acidic nature of the gastric fluids inside the human stomach can cause have health problems in certain individuals e.g., acid reflux and ulcers. 29579983 3 73 theme gastric 640:646 arg1 conditions 648:657 simulated gastric conditions 630:657 simulated gastric conditions 630:657 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 3 74 theme dissolution 568:578 arg1 rate 580:583 the dissolution rate 564:583 the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid 564:607 In this study, the impact of biopolymer microgel dimensions and composition on the dissolution rate of encapsulated antacid was determined under simulated gastric conditions. 29579983 6 75 theme titration 1047:1055 arg1 device 1057:1062 an automatic titration device 1034:1062 an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5 1034:1163 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 6 75 theme titration 1047:1055 arg1 stat 1068:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 pH stat 1065:1071 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 6 76 theme HCl 1085:1087 arg1 solution 1089:1096 HCl solution 1085:1096 HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids 1085:1130 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 5 77 theme varying 847:853 arg1 dimensions 855:864 varying dimensions 847:864 varying dimensions 847:864 Microgels of varying dimensions were formed using either a hand-held syringe or a vibrating nozzle encapsulation device with different nozzle sizes. 29579983 6 78 theme dissolution 1003:1013 arg1 rate 987:990 The rate 983:990 The rate of antacid dissolution 983:1013 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 0 79 theme gastric 73:79 arg1 ratio 151:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 alginate/pectin ratio 135:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 79 theme gastric 73:79 arg1 Impact 93:98 Impact 93:98 Impact of bead dimensions 93:117 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 79 theme gastric 73:79 arg1 conditions 81:90 simulated gastric conditions 63:90 simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio 63:155 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 0 79 theme gastric 73:79 arg1 size 125:128 pore size 120:128 pore size 120:128 Controlled-release of antacids from biopolymer microgels under simulated gastric conditions: Impact of bead dimensions, pore size, and alginate/pectin ratio. 29579983 6 80 theme gastric 1117:1123 arg1 fluids 1125:1130 the simulated gastric fluids 1103:1130 the simulated gastric fluids 1103:1130 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 6 81 theme 2.5 1161:1163 arg1 pH 1155:1156 a constant pH 1144:1156 a constant pH of 2.5 1144:1163 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 29579983 9 82 theme study 1518:1522 arg1 results 1502:1508 The results 1498:1508 The results of this study 1498:1522 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 9 82 theme study 1518:1522 arg1 useful 1531:1536 useful 1531:1536 useful 1531:1536 The results of this study may be useful for the design of biopolymer microgels that can control the release of antacids in the stomach, thereby leading to better control over the pH of the gastric fluids. 29579983 6 83 theme antacid 995:1001 arg1 dissolution 1003:1013 antacid dissolution 995:1013 antacid dissolution 995:1013 The rate of antacid dissolution was measured using an automatic titration device (pH stat) that added HCl solution into the simulated gastric fluids to maintain a constant pH of 2.5. 30629464 0 0 theme microbial 96:104 arg1 profiles 122:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 88:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 88:137 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 2 1 from alterations 434:444 arg1 microbiota 453:462 gut microbiota 449:462 gut microbiota 449:462 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 4 2 theme early 927:931 arg1 life 933:936 early life 927:936 early life 927:936 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 3 theme inflammatory 958:969 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 2 4 theme poor 367:370 arg1 nutrition 381:389 poor maternal nutrition 367:389 poor maternal nutrition 367:389 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 0 5 theme altered 88:94 arg1 profiles 122:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 88:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 88:137 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 4 6 from improvements 942:953 arg1 profiles 915:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 6 from improvements 942:953 arg1 composition 880:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 6 from improvements 942:953 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 3 7 from steatosis 689:697 arg1 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 1 8 theme metabolic 263:271 arg1 disease 273:279 metabolic disease 263:279 metabolic disease 263:279 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 0 9 theme metabolomic 110:120 arg1 profiles 122:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 88:129 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 88:137 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 5 10 theme metabolomics 1029:1040 arg1 analysis 1042:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis 1023:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis 1023:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 6 11 theme maternal 1221:1228 arg1 intake 1240:1245 maternal prebiotic intake 1221:1245 maternal prebiotic intake 1221:1245 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 12 theme high 1334:1337 arg1 diet 1351:1354 high fat/sucrose diet 1334:1354 high fat/sucrose diet 1334:1354 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 13 theme liver 1566:1570 arg1 development 1572:1582 fatty liver development 1560:1582 fatty liver development 1560:1582 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 4 14 from profiles 915:922 arg1 life 933:936 early life 927:936 early life 927:936 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 3 15 theme maternal 543:550 arg1 supplementation 552:566 maternal supplementation 543:566 maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose 543:626 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 3 16 theme preclinical 491:501 arg1 model 503:507 a preclinical model 489:507 a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity 489:540 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 17 theme prebiotic 1526:1534 arg1 supplementation 1536:1550 prebiotic supplementation 1526:1550 H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1418:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 1 18 theme maternal 142:149 arg1 diet 168:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet 140:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet 140:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 19 from sensitivity 664:674 arg1 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 4 20 theme serum 896:900 arg1 profiles 915:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 1 21 from diet 168:171 arg1 presence 181:188 the presence 177:188 the presence of maternal obesity 177:208 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 22 theme maternal 525:532 arg1 obesity 534:540 diet-induced maternal obesity 512:540 diet-induced maternal obesity 512:540 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 23 theme due 1374:1376 arg1 A. 1514:1515 A. 1514:1515 A. 1514:1515 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 23 theme due 1374:1376 arg1 part 1369:1372 part 1369:1372 part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul 1369:1415 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 5 24 theme 1-carbon 1169:1176 arg1 metabolism 1178:1187 1-carbon metabolism 1169:1187 1-carbon metabolism 1169:1187 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 5 25 from alterations 1154:1164 arg1 metabolism 1178:1187 1-carbon metabolism 1169:1187 1-carbon metabolism 1169:1187 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 3 26 theme high-fat/sucrose 734:749 arg1 challenge 759:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge 722:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams 722:809 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 27 theme metabolomic 1627:1637 arg1 profiles 1639:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 1605:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1605:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 0 28 theme Maternal 0:7 arg1 supplementation 19:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation 0:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation 0:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 29 from profiles 1639:1646 arg1 rats 1651:1654 rats 1651:1654 rats 1651:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 0 30 theme prebiotic 9:17 arg1 supplementation 19:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation 0:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation 0:33 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 3 31 theme dietary 751:757 arg1 challenge 759:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge 722:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams 722:809 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 32 theme diet 1351:1354 arg1 wk 1328:1329 21 wk 1325:1329 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1325:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 2 33 theme liver 329:333 arg1 disease 335:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 310:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk 310:346 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 3 34 from tolerance 645:653 arg1 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 offspring 702:710 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 2 35 theme obesity 395:401 arg1 status 403:408 obesity status 395:408 obesity status 395:408 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 2 36 theme gut 449:451 arg1 microbiota 453:462 gut microbiota 449:462 gut microbiota 449:462 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 5 37 theme potential 1062:1070 arg1 alterations 1154:1164 alterations 1154:1164 alterations in 1-carbon metabolism 1154:1187 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 5 37 theme potential 1062:1070 arg1 links 1082:1086 potential metabolic links 1062:1086 potential metabolic links 1062:1086 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 4 38 theme inflammatory 902:913 arg1 profiles 915:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 6 39 theme microbial 1613:1621 arg1 profiles 1639:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 1605:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1605:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 2 40 theme fatty 323:327 arg1 disease 335:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 310:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk 310:346 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 1 41 theme maternal 193:200 arg1 obesity 202:208 maternal obesity 193:208 maternal obesity 193:208 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 42 theme untreated 796:804 arg1 dams 806:809 untreated dams 796:809 untreated dams 796:809 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 4 43 theme gene 986:989 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 6 44 theme altered 1605:1611 arg1 profiles 1639:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles 1605:1646 altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1605:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 2 45 theme nonalcoholic 310:321 arg1 disease 335:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 310:341 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk 310:346 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 5 46 theme gut 1100:1102 arg1 microbiota 1104:1113 the gut microbiota 1096:1113 the gut microbiota 1096:1113 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 1 47 theme obesity 202:208 arg1 presence 181:188 the presence 177:188 the presence of maternal obesity 177:208 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 48 theme diet-induced 512:523 arg1 obesity 534:540 diet-induced maternal obesity 512:540 diet-induced maternal obesity 512:540 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 4 49 theme fatty-acid 975:984 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 50 from profiles 1002:1009 arg1 tissues 1014:1020 tissues 1014:1020 tissues 1014:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 5 51 theme Serum 1023:1027 arg1 analysis 1042:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis 1023:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis 1023:1049 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 0 52 theme liver 49:53 arg1 development 55:65 fatty liver development 43:65 fatty liver development 43:65 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 4 53 theme gut 866:868 arg1 composition 880:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 3 54 theme high-fat/sucrose 573:588 arg1 diet 590:593 a high-fat/sucrose diet 571:593 a high-fat/sucrose diet 571:593 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 0 55 theme fatty 43:47 arg1 development 55:65 fatty liver development 43:65 fatty liver development 43:65 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 56 from alterations 1381:1391 arg1 microbiota.-Paul 1400:1415 gut microbiota.-Paul 1396:1415 gut microbiota.-Paul 1396:1415 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 4 57 theme expression 991:1000 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 6 58 theme hepatic 1274:1280 arg1 steatosis 1282:1290 hepatic steatosis 1274:1290 hepatic steatosis 1274:1290 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 3 59 theme prebiotic 604:612 arg1 oligofructose 614:626 the prebiotic oligofructose 600:626 the prebiotic oligofructose 600:626 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 4 60 from composition 880:890 arg1 life 933:936 early life 927:936 early life 927:936 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 6 61 dep A. 1514:1515 arg1 supplementation 1536:1550 prebiotic supplementation 1526:1550 H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1418:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 61 dep A. 1514:1515 arg1 reduces 1552:1558 reduces 1552:1558 reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats 1552:1654 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 62 theme gut 1396:1398 arg1 microbiota.-Paul 1400:1415 gut microbiota.-Paul 1396:1415 gut microbiota.-Paul 1396:1415 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 3 63 theme insulin 656:662 arg1 sensitivity 664:674 insulin sensitivity 656:674 insulin sensitivity 656:674 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 3 64 theme diet 590:593 arg1 supplementation 552:566 maternal supplementation 543:566 maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose 543:626 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 1 65 from program 215:221 arg1 offspring 284:292 offspring 284:292 offspring 284:292 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 66 theme dams 806:809 arg1 offspring 783:791 offspring 783:791 offspring of untreated dams 783:809 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 4 67 theme microbial 870:878 arg1 composition 880:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 3 68 with supplementation 552:566 arg1 oligofructose 614:626 the prebiotic oligofructose 600:626 the prebiotic oligofructose 600:626 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 0 69 from profiles 122:129 arg1 rats 134:137 rats 134:137 rats 134:137 Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 3 70 theme glucose 637:643 arg1 tolerance 645:653 glucose tolerance 637:653 glucose tolerance 637:653 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 71 theme prebiotic 1230:1238 arg1 intake 1240:1245 maternal prebiotic intake 1221:1245 maternal prebiotic intake 1221:1245 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 1 72 theme increased 223:231 arg1 susceptibility 233:246 increased susceptibility 223:246 increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease 223:279 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 3 73 theme obesity 534:540 arg1 model 503:507 a preclinical model 489:507 a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity 489:540 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 5 74 theme steatosis 1133:1141 arg1 microbiota 1104:1113 the gut microbiota 1096:1113 the gut microbiota 1096:1113 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 5 74 theme steatosis 1133:1141 arg1 degree 1123:1128 the degree 1119:1128 the degree of steatosis 1119:1141 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 4 75 from alterations 851:861 arg1 profiles 915:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 serum inflammatory profiles 896:922 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 75 from alterations 851:861 arg1 profiles 1002:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles 958:1009 inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues 958:1020 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 4 75 from alterations 851:861 arg1 composition 880:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 gut microbial composition 866:890 These improvements are associated with alterations in gut microbial composition and serum inflammatory profiles in early life and improvements in inflammatory and fatty-acid gene expression profiles in tissues. 30629464 2 76 theme disease 335:341 arg1 risk 343:346 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk 310:346 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk 310:346 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30629464 3 77 theme hepatic 681:687 arg1 steatosis 689:697 hepatic steatosis 681:697 hepatic steatosis 681:697 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 6 78 theme insulin 1296:1302 arg1 resistance 1304:1313 insulin resistance 1296:1313 insulin resistance 1296:1313 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 6 79 theme fatty 1560:1564 arg1 development 1572:1582 fatty liver development 1560:1582 fatty liver development 1560:1582 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 1 80 theme high-fat/sucrose 151:166 arg1 diet 168:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet 140:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet 140:171 A maternal high-fat/sucrose diet, in the presence of maternal obesity, can program increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease in offspring. 30629464 5 81 theme metabolic 1072:1080 arg1 alterations 1154:1164 alterations 1154:1164 alterations in 1-carbon metabolism 1154:1187 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 5 81 theme metabolic 1072:1080 arg1 links 1082:1086 potential metabolic links 1062:1086 potential metabolic links 1062:1086 Serum metabolomics analysis highlights potential metabolic links between the gut microbiota and the degree of steatosis, including alterations in 1-carbon metabolism. 30629464 6 82 theme fat/sucrose 1339:1349 arg1 diet 1351:1354 high fat/sucrose diet 1334:1354 high fat/sucrose diet 1334:1354 Overall, our data suggest that maternal prebiotic intake protects offspring against hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance following 21 wk of high fat/sucrose diet, which is in part due to alterations in gut microbiota.-Paul, H. A., Collins, K. H., Nicolucci, A. C., Urbanski, S. J., Hart, D. A., Vogel, H. J., Reimer, R. A. Maternal prebiotic supplementation reduces fatty liver development in offspring through altered microbial and metabolomic profiles in rats. 30629464 3 83 theme long-term 724:732 arg1 challenge 759:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge 722:767 a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams 722:809 Here, we report that in a preclinical model of diet-induced maternal obesity, maternal supplementation of a high-fat/sucrose diet with the prebiotic oligofructose improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis in offspring following a long-term high-fat/sucrose dietary challenge compared with offspring of untreated dams. 30629464 2 84 theme maternal 372:379 arg1 nutrition 381:389 poor maternal nutrition 367:389 poor maternal nutrition 367:389 In particular, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk is associated with poor maternal nutrition and obesity status, which may manifest via alterations in gut microbiota. 30869683 1 0 located observed 119:126 arg2 movements 109:117 the movements 105:117 the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants 105:175 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 1 0 located observed 119:126 arg1 structures 147:156 some cellulosic structures 131:156 some cellulosic structures produced by plants 131:175 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 2 1 theme efficient 328:336 arg1 strategy 338:345 a simple and efficient strategy 315:345 a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues 315:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 6 2 theme diverse 1303:1309 arg1 range 1311:1315 a diverse range 1301:1315 a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1301:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 0 3 theme Erodium 85:91 arg1 awns 93:96 Erodium awns 85:96 Erodium awns 85:96 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 6 4 theme deposition 1270:1279 arg1 techniques 1281:1290 complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques 1232:1290 complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques 1232:1290 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 6 5 theme R 1080:1080 arg1 helices 1082:1088 R helices 1080:1088 R helices 1080:1088 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 1 6 from family 289:294 arg1 example 243:249 example 243:249 example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family 243:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 1 6 from family 289:294 arg1 Erodium 254:260 Erodium 254:260 Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family 254:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 5 7 theme computational 919:931 arg1 simulations 933:943 computational simulations 919:943 computational simulations considering filaments that contract and expand asymmetrically 919:1005 The inversion of the handedness is explained using computational simulations considering filaments that contract and expand asymmetrically. 30869683 6 8 from textiles 1350:1357 arg1 applications 1320:1331 applications 1320:1331 applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1320:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 6 8 from textiles 1350:1357 arg1 range 1311:1315 a diverse range 1301:1315 a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1301:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 4 9 theme soft 835:838 arg1 matrix 860:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 4 10 theme dead 681:684 arg1 tissues 686:692 dead tissues 681:692 dead tissues 681:692 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 5 11 theme handedness 889:898 arg1 inversion 872:880 The inversion 868:880 The inversion of the handedness 868:898 The inversion of the handedness is explained using computational simulations considering filaments that contract and expand asymmetrically. 30869683 3 12 dep right-handed 515:526 arg1 R 529:529 R 529:529 R 529:529 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 6 13 theme lithography 1244:1254 arg1 techniques 1281:1290 complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques 1232:1290 complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques 1232:1290 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 3 14 theme right-handed 515:526 arg1 ribbons 565:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 2 15 theme cellulose-based 367:381 arg1 materials 406:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials 367:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues 367:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 6 16 theme intelligent 1338:1348 arg1 textiles 1350:1357 intelligent textiles 1338:1357 intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1338:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 6 17 theme complicated 1232:1242 arg1 lithography 1244:1254 complicated lithography 1232:1254 complicated lithography 1232:1254 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 3 18 dep left-handed 496:506 arg1 L 509:509 L 509:509 L 509:509 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 2 19 theme dead 435:438 arg1 tissues 440:446 Erodium awns' dead tissues 421:446 Erodium awns' dead tissues 421:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 3 20 theme transparent 553:563 arg1 ribbons 565:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 6 21 theme hygroscopic 1049:1059 arg1 movements 1061:1069 hygroscopic movements 1049:1069 hygroscopic movements 1049:1069 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 0 22 theme Reversible 0:9 arg1 water 11:15 Reversible water 0:15 Reversible water 0:15 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 6 23 theme applications 1320:1331 arg1 range 1311:1315 a diverse range 1301:1315 a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1301:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 0 24 theme chirality 24:32 arg1 inversion 34:42 chirality inversion 24:42 chirality inversion 24:42 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 6 25 from range 1311:1315 arg1 textiles 1350:1357 intelligent textiles 1338:1357 intelligent textiles to micro-machines 1338:1375 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 3 26 theme helical 532:538 arg1 ribbons 565:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 2 27 theme Erodium 421:427 arg1 tissues 440:446 Erodium awns' dead tissues 421:446 Erodium awns' dead tissues 421:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 1 28 theme Geraniaceae 271:281 arg1 family 289:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 4 29 theme cellulose 745:753 arg1 networks 755:762 cellulose networks 745:762 cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 745:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 3 30 theme birefringent 540:551 arg1 ribbons 565:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 3 31 theme stimuli-responsive 453:470 arg1 material 472:479 The stimuli-responsive material 449:479 The stimuli-responsive material isolated 449:488 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 1 32 theme plant 283:287 arg1 family 289:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 3 33 theme wet 580:582 arg1 state 584:588 the wet state 576:588 the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries 576:648 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 2 34 theme responsive 395:404 arg1 materials 406:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials 367:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues 367:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 1 35 from example 243:249 arg1 family 289:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 the Geraniaceae plant family 267:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 1 35 from example 243:249 arg1 Erodium 254:260 Erodium 254:260 Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family 254:294 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 3 36 theme R 616:616 arg1 helices 618:624 R helices 616:624 R helices 616:624 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 0 37 attach isolated 71:78 arg2 helices 63:69 cellulose-based helices 47:69 cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns 47:96 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 0 37 attach isolated 71:78 arg1 awns 93:96 Erodium awns 85:96 Erodium awns 85:96 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 2 38 theme hygroscopic 383:393 arg1 materials 406:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials 367:414 cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues 367:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 4 39 theme wall 840:843 arg1 matrix 860:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 2 40 theme simple 317:322 arg1 strategy 338:345 a simple and efficient strategy 315:345 a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues 315:446 Here we report on a simple and efficient strategy to isolate and tune cellulose-based hygroscopic responsive materials from Erodium awns' dead tissues. 30869683 0 41 theme cellulose-based 47:61 arg1 helices 63:69 cellulose-based helices 47:69 cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns 47:96 Reversible water driven chirality inversion in cellulose-based helices isolated from Erodium awns. 30869683 4 42 theme polysaccharide 845:858 arg1 matrix 860:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 833:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 3 43 theme left-handed 496:506 arg1 ribbons 565:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons 496:571 The stimuli-responsive material isolated forms left-handed (L) or right-handed (R) helical birefringent transparent ribbons in the wet state that reversibly change to R helices when the material dries. 30869683 4 44 theme fibrils 767:773 arg1 networks 755:762 cellulose networks 745:762 cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 745:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 6 45 theme cellulose-based 1184:1198 arg1 skeletons 1200:1208 these cellulose-based skeletons 1178:1208 these cellulose-based skeletons 1178:1208 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 6 46 theme dry 1097:1099 arg1 state 1101:1105 the dry state 1093:1105 the dry state 1093:1105 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 4 47 theme composite 718:726 arg1 material 728:735 a composite material 716:735 a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix 716:865 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 1 48 theme cellulosic 136:145 arg1 structures 147:156 some cellulosic structures 131:156 some cellulosic structures produced by plants 131:175 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 1 49 theme seeds 229:233 arg1 dispersion 204:213 dispersion 204:213 dispersion 204:213 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 1 49 theme seeds 229:233 arg1 burial 219:224 burial 219:224 burial 219:224 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 6 50 theme Erodium 1020:1026 arg1 awns 1012:1015 The awns 1008:1015 The awns of Erodium 1008:1026 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 1 51 dep dispersion 204:213 arg1 the 200:202 the 200:202 the 200:202 Among the movements observed in some cellulosic structures produced by plants are those that involve the dispersion and burial of seeds, as for example in Erodium from the Geraniaceae plant family. 30869683 4 52 theme humidity-driven 655:669 arg1 due 709:711 due 709:711 due 709:711 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 4 52 theme humidity-driven 655:669 arg1 motion 671:676 The humidity-driven motion 651:676 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues 651:692 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 6 53 theme intricate 1260:1268 arg1 deposition 1270:1279 intricate deposition 1260:1279 intricate deposition 1260:1279 The awns of Erodium are known to present hygroscopic movements, forming R helices in the dry state, but the possibility of actuating chirality via humidity suggests that these cellulose-based skeletons, which do not require complicated lithography and intricate deposition techniques, provide a diverse range of applications from intelligent textiles to micro-machines. 30869683 4 54 theme tissues 686:692 arg1 due 709:711 due 709:711 due 709:711 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 30869683 4 54 theme tissues 686:692 arg1 motion 671:676 The humidity-driven motion 651:676 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues 651:692 The humidity-driven motion of dead tissues is most likely due to a composite material made of cellulose networks of fibrils imprinted by the plant at the nanoscale, which reinforces a soft wall polysaccharide matrix. 31889281 5 0 theme UV-VIS 748:753 arg1 technique 755:763 UV-VIS technique 748:763 UV-VIS technique 748:763 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 4 1 theme Structural 564:573 arg1 characteristics 575:589 Structural characteristics 564:589 Structural characteristics of the pesticides 564:607 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 6 2 theme Elovich 814:820 arg1 model 822:826 Elovich model 814:826 Elovich model 814:826 Elovich model described better all systems pointing out to a chemical adsorption process occurring. 31889281 1 3 theme agro-industrial 153:167 arg1 shell 207:211 peanut shell 200:211 peanut shell 200:211 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 3 theme agro-industrial 153:167 arg1 wastes 169:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 3 theme agro-industrial 153:167 arg1 support 230:236 support 230:236 support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites 230:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 3 theme agro-industrial 153:167 arg1 bagasse 187:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 4 theme magnetite 241:249 arg1 nanoparticles 251:263 magnetite nanoparticles 241:263 magnetite nanoparticles 241:263 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 3 5 theme composites 518:527 arg1 morphologies 529:540 composites morphologies 518:540 composites morphologies 518:540 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 1 6 theme nanoparticles 251:263 arg1 shell 207:211 peanut shell 200:211 peanut shell 200:211 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 6 theme nanoparticles 251:263 arg1 wastes 169:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 6 theme nanoparticles 251:263 arg1 support 230:236 support 230:236 support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites 230:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 6 theme nanoparticles 251:263 arg1 bagasse 187:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 0 7 theme carbofuran 90:99 arg1 pesticides 115:124 carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 90:124 carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 90:124 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 7 8 theme iprodione 960:968 arg1 isotherms 932:940 Experimental data isotherms 914:940 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione 914:968 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 0 9 theme pesticides 115:124 arg1 removal 79:85 the removal 75:85 the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 75:124 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 1 10 theme magnetic 348:355 arg1 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 10 theme magnetic 348:355 arg1 shell 364:368 magnetic peanut shell 348:368 magnetic peanut shell (MPSo) 348:375 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 5 11 theme concentration 788:800 arg1 estimation 802:811 pesticide concentration estimation 778:811 pesticide concentration estimation 778:811 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 0 12 theme iprodione 105:113 arg1 pesticides 115:124 carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 90:124 carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 90:124 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 1 13 theme peanut 357:362 arg1 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 13 theme peanut 357:362 arg1 shell 364:368 magnetic peanut shell 348:368 magnetic peanut shell (MPSo) 348:375 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 4 14 theme chemical 628:635 arg1 adsorption 637:646 their possible chemical adsorption 613:646 their possible chemical adsorption on composites 613:660 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 5 15 theme adsorption 724:733 arg1 process 735:741 a batch adsorption process 716:741 a batch adsorption process 716:741 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 2 16 theme Raman 420:424 arg1 spectroscopy 426:437 Raman spectroscopy 420:437 Raman spectroscopy 420:437 The presence of magnetite was verified by Raman spectroscopy. 31889281 6 17 theme adsorption 884:893 arg1 process 895:901 a chemical adsorption process 873:901 a chemical adsorption process occurring 873:911 Elovich model described better all systems pointing out to a chemical adsorption process occurring. 31889281 1 18 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 wastes 169:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 18 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 bagasse 187:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 18 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 support 230:236 support 230:236 support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites 230:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 18 theme sugarcane 177:185 arg1 shell 207:211 peanut shell 200:211 peanut shell 200:211 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 0 19 theme Low-cost 0:7 arg1 bagasse 19:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse 0:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse 0:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 4 20 from adsorption 637:646 arg1 composites 651:660 composites 651:660 composites 651:660 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 2 21 theme magnetite 394:402 arg1 presence 382:389 The presence 378:389 The presence of magnetite 378:402 The presence of magnetite was verified by Raman spectroscopy. 31889281 7 22 theme ordinary 1045:1052 arg1 equation 1054:1061 the ordinary equation 1041:1061 the ordinary equation in all systems 1041:1076 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 7 22 theme ordinary 1045:1052 arg1 Sip 1033:1035 Sip 1033:1035 Sip 1033:1035 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 4 23 theme possible 619:626 arg1 adsorption 637:646 their possible chemical adsorption 613:646 their possible chemical adsorption on composites 613:660 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 1 24 theme magnetic 286:293 arg1 bio-composites 295:308 magnetic bio-composites 286:308 magnetic bio-composites 286:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 5 25 used used 769:772 arg2 technique 755:763 UV-VIS technique 748:763 UV-VIS technique 748:763 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 1 26 theme peanut 200:205 arg1 wastes 169:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 two agro-industrial wastes 149:174 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 26 theme peanut 200:205 arg1 support 230:236 support 230:236 support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites 230:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 26 theme peanut 200:205 arg1 bagasse 187:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 sugarcane bagasse 177:193 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 26 theme peanut 200:205 arg1 shell 207:211 peanut shell 200:211 peanut shell 200:211 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 0 27 theme peanut 31:36 arg1 shell 38:42 peanut shell 31:42 peanut shell 31:42 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 1 28 theme bio-composites 295:308 arg1 synthesis 273:281 the synthesis 269:281 the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites 269:308 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 7 29 from equation 1054:1061 arg1 systems 1070:1076 all systems 1066:1076 all systems 1066:1076 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 5 30 theme batch 718:722 arg1 process 735:741 a batch adsorption process 716:741 a batch adsorption process 716:741 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 0 31 dep magnetic-composites 44:62 arg1 applied 64:70 applied 64:70 magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides 44:124 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 1 32 dep employed 218:225 arg1 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 32 dep employed 218:225 arg1 bagasse 330:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse 311:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) 311:342 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 32 dep employed 218:225 arg1 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 MPSo 371:374 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 32 dep employed 218:225 arg1 shell 364:368 magnetic peanut shell 348:368 magnetic peanut shell (MPSo) 348:375 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 6 33 theme chemical 875:882 arg1 process 895:901 a chemical adsorption process 873:901 a chemical adsorption process occurring 873:911 Elovich model described better all systems pointing out to a chemical adsorption process occurring. 31889281 3 34 theme size 473:476 arg1 distribution 478:489 size distribution 473:489 size distribution 473:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 3 34 theme size 473:476 arg1 nanoparticles 449:461 Magnetic nanoparticles 440:461 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution 440:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 5 35 theme pesticide 778:786 arg1 estimation 802:811 pesticide concentration estimation 778:811 pesticide concentration estimation 778:811 The removal was carried out by a batch adsorption process, and UV-VIS technique was used for pesticide concentration estimation. 31889281 1 36 theme magnetic 311:318 arg1 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 36 theme magnetic 311:318 arg1 bagasse 330:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse 311:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) 311:342 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 7 37 theme Experimental 914:925 arg1 isotherms 932:940 Experimental data isotherms 914:940 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione 914:968 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 1 38 theme sugarcane 320:328 arg1 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 MBO 339:341 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 1 38 theme sugarcane 320:328 arg1 bagasse 330:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse 311:336 magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) 311:342 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 8 39 theme adsorption 1087:1096 arg1 capacities 1098:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities 1079:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, 1079:1181 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, were obtained for MBo and MPSo, respectively. 31889281 7 40 theme carbofuran 945:954 arg1 isotherms 932:940 Experimental data isotherms 914:940 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione 914:968 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 7 41 theme mathematical 1009:1020 arg1 model 1022:1026 more than one mathematical model 995:1026 more than one mathematical model 995:1026 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 7 42 theme data 927:930 arg1 isotherms 932:940 Experimental data isotherms 914:940 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione 914:968 Experimental data isotherms of carbofuran and iprodione can be best explained by more than one mathematical model, but Sip was the ordinary equation in all systems. 31889281 4 43 theme pesticides 598:607 arg1 characteristics 575:589 Structural characteristics 564:589 Structural characteristics of the pesticides 564:607 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 4 43 theme pesticides 598:607 arg1 adsorption 637:646 their possible chemical adsorption 613:646 their possible chemical adsorption on composites 613:660 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 31889281 8 44 theme 175 1112:1114 arg1 capacities 1098:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities 1079:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, 1079:1181 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, were obtained for MBo and MPSo, respectively. 31889281 1 45 theme present 134:140 arg1 study 142:146 the present study 130:146 the present study 130:146 In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). 31889281 3 46 theme Magnetic 440:447 arg1 shape 463:467 shape 463:467 shape 463:467 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 3 46 theme Magnetic 440:447 arg1 distribution 478:489 size distribution 473:489 size distribution 473:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 3 46 theme Magnetic 440:447 arg1 nanoparticles 449:461 Magnetic nanoparticles 440:461 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution 440:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 8 47 theme 89.3 mg/g 1120:1128 arg1 capacities 1098:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities 1079:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, 1079:1181 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, were obtained for MBo and MPSo, respectively. 31889281 3 48 dep nanoparticles 449:461 arg1 shape 463:467 shape 463:467 shape 463:467 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 3 48 dep nanoparticles 449:461 arg1 distribution 478:489 size distribution 473:489 size distribution 473:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 3 48 dep nanoparticles 449:461 arg1 nanoparticles 449:461 Magnetic nanoparticles 440:461 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution 440:489 Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites morphologies were observed by SEM. 31889281 0 49 theme sugarcane 9:17 arg1 bagasse 19:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse 0:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse 0:25 Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides. 31889281 8 50 theme Maximum 1079:1085 arg1 capacities 1098:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities 1079:1107 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, 1079:1181 Maximum adsorption capacities of 175 and 89.3 mg/g for carbofuran, and 119 and 2.76 mg/g for iprodione, were obtained for MBo and MPSo, respectively. 31889281 4 51 from characteristics 575:589 arg1 composites 651:660 composites 651:660 composites 651:660 Structural characteristics of the pesticides and their possible chemical adsorption on composites were analyzed by FTIR. 29331014 4 0 theme bg16M 494:498 arg1 gene 500:503 Methods bg16M gene 486:503 Methods bg16M gene 486:503 Methods bg16M gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). 29331014 1 1 theme hydrolyzing 170:180 arg1 enzymes 182:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 1 2 theme fungi 264:268 arg1 attack 270:275 the mycoparasitic fungi attack 246:275 the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants 246:285 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 13 3 theme alkaline 1668:1675 arg1 stability 1677:1685 thermal and alkaline stability 1656:1685 stability 1677:1685 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 4 4 dep E. 533:534 arg1 coli 536:539 coli 536:539 coli 536:539 Methods bg16M gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). 29331014 13 5 theme activity 1635:1642 arg1 industries 1584:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 13 5 theme activity 1635:1642 arg1 sectors 1607:1613 medical sectors 1599:1613 medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability 1599:1685 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 12 6 theme pH. 1342:1344 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 6 theme pH. 1342:1344 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 5 7 theme Ni-NTA 587:592 arg1 column 611:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 The enzyme was purified utilizing Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column. 29331014 1 8 theme A01 70:72 arg1 Background 86:95 A01 β-Glucanase Background 70:95 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 70:286 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 8 9 theme amino 830:834 arg1 acids 836:840 639 amino acids 826:840 639 amino acids 826:840 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 9 10 theme molecular 916:924 arg1 kDa 950:952 64 kDa 947:952 64 kDa 947:952 The molecular weight of enzyme was 64 kDa, and purification yield was 46%. 29331014 9 10 theme molecular 916:924 arg1 weight 926:931 The molecular weight 912:931 The molecular weight of enzyme 912:941 The molecular weight of enzyme was 64 kDa, and purification yield was 46%. 29331014 4 11 theme Methods 486:492 arg1 gene 500:503 Methods bg16M gene 486:503 Methods bg16M gene 486:503 Methods bg16M gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). 29331014 13 12 theme beverage 1575:1582 arg1 industries 1584:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 5 13 theme nikcle 594:599 arg1 column 611:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 The enzyme was purified utilizing Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column. 29331014 1 14 theme β-Glucanase 74:84 arg1 Background 86:95 A01 β-Glucanase Background 70:95 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 70:286 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 5 15 theme sepharose 601:609 arg1 column 611:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column 587:616 The enzyme was purified utilizing Ni-NTA nikcle sepharose column. 29331014 12 16 theme enzymatic 1293:1301 arg1 activity 1303:1310 enzymatic activity 1293:1310 enzymatic activity 1293:1310 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 3 17 theme native 442:447 arg1 bacteria 462:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 0 18 theme sp 66:67 arg1 Characterization 12:27 Biochemical Characterization 0:27 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 0:68 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 29331014 12 19 theme acidic 1326:1331 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 19 theme acidic 1326:1331 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 13 20 theme medical 1599:1605 arg1 sectors 1607:1613 medical sectors 1599:1613 medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability 1599:1685 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 8 21 theme high 852:855 arg1 similarity 857:866 a high similarity 850:866 a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 850:909 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 3 22 theme thermophilic 449:460 arg1 bacteria 462:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 23 theme biochemical 387:397 arg1 properties 399:408 the biochemical properties 383:408 the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria 383:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 23 theme biochemical 387:397 arg1 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 24 from properties 399:408 arg1 bacteria 462:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 native thermophilic bacteria 442:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 2 25 theme defense 319:325 arg1 enzymes 294:300 These enzymes 288:300 These enzymes 288:300 These enzymes are known as the defense mechanisms of plants. 29331014 2 25 theme defense 319:325 arg1 mechanisms 327:336 the defense mechanisms 315:336 the defense mechanisms of plants 315:346 These enzymes are known as the defense mechanisms of plants. 29331014 12 26 theme pH 1221:1222 arg1 range 1224:1228 the pH range 1217:1228 the pH range of 7 to 9 1217:1238 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 0 27 theme Biochemical 0:10 arg1 Characterization 12:27 Biochemical Characterization 0:27 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 0:68 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 29331014 8 28 with similarity 857:866 arg1 family 901:906 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 1 29 theme non-cellulytic 108:121 arg1 glucanase 123:131 non-cellulytic glucanase 108:131 non-cellulytic glucanase 108:131 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 13 30 theme stability 1677:1685 arg1 industries 1584:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 beverage industries 1575:1593 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 13 30 theme stability 1677:1685 arg1 sectors 1607:1613 medical sectors 1599:1613 medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability 1599:1685 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 12 31 theme ions 1372:1375 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 31 theme ions 1372:1375 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 0 32 theme Recombinant 32:42 arg1 sp 66:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 29331014 6 33 theme enzyme 673:678 arg1 assay 680:684 enzyme assay 673:684 enzyme assay 673:684 Pustulan and laminarin were selected as substrates in enzyme assay. 29331014 12 34 dep 9 1238:1238 arg1 to 1235:1236 to 1235:1236 to 1235:1236 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 10 35 from U/ml 1027:1030 arg1 pustulan 1062:1069 pustulan 1062:1069 pustulan 1062:1069 The bg16M demonstrated activity as 4.83 U/ml on laminarin and 2.88 U/ml on pustulan. 29331014 10 35 from U/ml 1027:1030 arg1 laminarin 1035:1043 laminarin 1035:1043 laminarin 1035:1043 The bg16M demonstrated activity as 4.83 U/ml on laminarin and 2.88 U/ml on pustulan. 29331014 12 36 theme enzyme 1463:1468 arg1 inhibitors 1470:1479 enzyme inhibitors 1463:1479 enzyme inhibitors 1463:1479 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 36 theme enzyme 1463:1468 arg1 SDS 1438:1440 SDS 1438:1440 SDS 1438:1440 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 36 theme enzyme 1463:1468 arg1 copper 1447:1452 copper 1447:1452 copper 1447:1452 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 36 theme enzyme 1463:1468 arg1 urea 1432:1435 urea 1432:1435 urea 1432:1435 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 7 37 theme purified 691:698 arg1 enzyme 706:711 The purified bg16M enzyme 687:711 The purified bg16M enzyme 687:711 The purified bg16M enzyme was treated with different pH, temperature, metal ions, and detergents. 29331014 8 38 theme hydrolytic 877:886 arg1 family 901:906 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 1 39 theme symbiotic 212:220 arg1 fungi 222:226 some symbiotic fungi 207:226 some symbiotic fungi 207:226 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 0 40 theme Cohnella 57:64 arg1 sp 66:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 29331014 13 41 theme thermal 1656:1662 arg1 stability 1677:1685 thermal and alkaline stability 1656:1685 stability 1677:1685 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 7 42 theme bg16M 700:704 arg1 enzyme 706:711 The purified bg16M enzyme 687:711 The purified bg16M enzyme 687:711 The purified bg16M enzyme was treated with different pH, temperature, metal ions, and detergents. 29331014 0 43 theme Thermostable 44:55 arg1 sp 66:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp 32:67 Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Thermostable Cohnella sp. 29331014 4 44 theme E. 533:534 arg1 DE3 547:549 DE3 547:549 DE3 547:549 Methods bg16M gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). 29331014 4 44 theme E. 533:534 arg1 BL21 541:544 E. coli BL21 533:544 E. coli BL21 (DE3) 533:550 Methods bg16M gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). 29331014 1 45 from attack 270:275 arg1 plants 280:285 plants 280:285 plants 280:285 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 12 46 theme compounds 1390:1398 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 46 theme compounds 1390:1398 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 47 theme 9 1238:1238 arg1 range 1224:1228 the pH range 1217:1228 the pH range of 7 to 9 1217:1238 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 3 48 from bacteria 462:469 arg1 β-1,6-glucanase 413:427 β-1,6-glucanase 413:427 β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria 413:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 48 from bacteria 462:469 arg1 properties 399:408 the biochemical properties 383:408 the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria 383:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 48 from bacteria 462:469 arg1 bg16M 430:434 bg16M 430:434 bg16M 430:434 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 48 from bacteria 462:469 arg1 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 12 49 theme high 1192:1195 arg1 temperatures 1197:1208 high temperatures 1192:1208 high temperatures 1192:1208 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 9 50 theme purification 959:970 arg1 yield 972:976 purification yield 959:976 purification yield 959:976 The molecular weight of enzyme was 64 kDa, and purification yield was 46%. 29331014 12 51 theme chemical 1381:1388 arg1 compounds 1390:1398 chemical compounds 1381:1398 chemical compounds 1381:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 52 theme acceptable 1249:1258 arg1 stability 1260:1268 acceptable stability 1249:1268 acceptable stability 1249:1268 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 8 53 theme glycosylated 888:899 arg1 family 901:906 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 1 54 dep Background 86:95 arg1 released 195:202 released 195:202 are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants 191:285 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 3 55 theme β-1,6-glucanase 413:427 arg1 properties 399:408 the biochemical properties 383:408 the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria 383:469 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 3 55 theme β-1,6-glucanase 413:427 arg1 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 A01 481:483 This study intends to investigate the biochemical properties of β-1,6-glucanase (bg16M) from native thermophilic bacteria, Cohnella A01. 29331014 13 56 theme enzyme 1530:1535 arg1 characterization 1505:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization 1482:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme 1482:1535 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 12 57 theme basic 1336:1340 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 57 theme basic 1336:1340 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 13 58 theme Biochemical 1493:1503 arg1 characterization 1505:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization 1482:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme 1482:1535 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 2 59 theme plants 341:346 arg1 enzymes 294:300 These enzymes 288:300 These enzymes 288:300 These enzymes are known as the defense mechanisms of plants. 29331014 2 59 theme plants 341:346 arg1 mechanisms 327:336 the defense mechanisms 315:336 the defense mechanisms of plants 315:346 These enzymes are known as the defense mechanisms of plants. 29331014 8 60 theme expressed 797:805 arg1 protein 807:813 The expressed protein 793:813 Results The expressed protein 785:813 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 7 61 theme metal 757:761 arg1 ions 763:766 metal ions 757:766 metal ions 757:766 The purified bg16M enzyme was treated with different pH, temperature, metal ions, and detergents. 29331014 13 62 theme Conclusion 1482:1491 arg1 characterization 1505:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization 1482:1520 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme 1482:1535 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 12 63 theme appropriate 1167:1177 arg1 stability 1179:1187 an appropriate stability 1164:1187 an appropriate stability 1164:1187 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 11 64 dep pH 1084:1085 arg1 The 1072:1074 The 1072:1074 The 1072:1074 The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were 8 and 50 °C, respectively. 29331014 12 65 contain had 1160:1162 arg2 stability 1179:1187 an appropriate stability 1164:1187 an appropriate stability 1164:1187 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 65 contain had 1160:1162 arg1 enzyme 1153:1158 The enzyme 1149:1158 The enzyme 1149:1158 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 66 theme metal 1366:1370 arg1 ions 1372:1375 the studied metal ions 1354:1375 the studied metal ions 1354:1375 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 11 67 theme enzyme 1110:1115 arg1 pH 1084:1085 optimum pH 1076:1085 optimum pH 1076:1085 The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were 8 and 50 °C, respectively. 29331014 11 67 theme enzyme 1110:1115 arg1 temperature 1091:1101 temperature 1091:1101 temperature 1091:1101 The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were 8 and 50 °C, respectively. 29331014 1 68 theme yeast 154:158 arg1 enzymes 182:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 12 69 theme bg16M 1421:1425 arg1 activator 1408:1416 the activator 1404:1416 the activator of bg16M 1404:1425 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 12 69 theme bg16M 1421:1425 arg1 None 1346:1349 acidic or basic pH. None 1326:1349 acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds 1326:1398 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 8 70 gly glycosylated 888:899 arg1 family 901:906 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30 873:909 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 12 71 theme studied 1358:1364 arg1 ions 1372:1375 the studied metal ions 1354:1375 the studied metal ions 1354:1375 The enzyme had an appropriate stability at high temperatures and in the pH range of 7 to 9, showing acceptable stability, while it did not lose enzymatic activity completely at acidic or basic pH. None of the studied metal ions and chemical compounds was the activator of bg16M, and urea, SDS, and copper acted as enzyme inhibitors. 29331014 11 72 theme optimum 1076:1082 arg1 pH 1084:1085 optimum pH 1076:1085 optimum pH 1076:1085 The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were 8 and 50 °C, respectively. 29331014 1 73 theme cell 160:163 arg1 enzymes 182:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 9 74 theme enzyme 936:941 arg1 kDa 950:952 64 kDa 947:952 64 kDa 947:952 The molecular weight of enzyme was 64 kDa, and purification yield was 46%. 29331014 9 74 theme enzyme 936:941 arg1 weight 926:931 The molecular weight 912:931 The molecular weight of enzyme 912:941 The molecular weight of enzyme was 64 kDa, and purification yield was 46%. 29331014 7 75 theme different 730:738 arg1 pH 740:741 different pH 730:741 different pH 730:741 The purified bg16M enzyme was treated with different pH, temperature, metal ions, and detergents. 29331014 10 76 from U/ml 1054:1057 arg1 pustulan 1062:1069 pustulan 1062:1069 pustulan 1062:1069 The bg16M demonstrated activity as 4.83 U/ml on laminarin and 2.88 U/ml on pustulan. 29331014 10 76 from U/ml 1054:1057 arg1 laminarin 1035:1043 laminarin 1035:1043 laminarin 1035:1043 The bg16M demonstrated activity as 4.83 U/ml on laminarin and 2.88 U/ml on pustulan. 29331014 8 77 dep Results 785:791 arg1 protein 807:813 The expressed protein 793:813 Results The expressed protein 785:813 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 13 78 theme high 1630:1633 arg1 activity 1635:1642 its high activity 1626:1642 its high activity 1626:1642 Conclusion Biochemical characterization of this enzyme revealed that bg16M can be applied in beverage industries and medical sectors because of its high activity, as well as thermal and alkaline stability. 29331014 1 79 theme wall 165:168 arg1 enzymes 182:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes 154:188 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 29331014 8 80 theme 639 826:828 arg1 acids 836:840 639 amino acids 826:840 639 amino acids 826:840 Results The expressed protein, including 639 amino acids, showed a high similarity with the hydrolytic glycosylated family 30. 29331014 1 81 theme mycoparasitic 250:262 arg1 attack 270:275 the mycoparasitic fungi attack 246:275 the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants 246:285 A01 β-Glucanase Background Typically, non-cellulytic glucanase, including fungi and yeast cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes, are released by some symbiotic fungi and plants during the mycoparasitic fungi attack on plants. 30484313 3 0 theme fibrils 686:692 arg1 features 664:671 the main morphological features 641:671 the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils 641:692 Unlike the homogeneous acetylation, this method does not alter the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils. 30484313 9 1 theme wet 1642:1644 arg1 strength 1646:1653 wet strength 1642:1653 wet strength 1642:1653 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 0 2 theme Filaments 155:163 arg1 Synthesis 81:89 the Synthesis 77:89 the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning 77:180 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 1 3 theme hydrogen 271:278 arg1 bonding 280:286 their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding 250:286 their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding 250:286 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 30484313 2 4 theme chemical 471:478 arg1 properties 498:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties 422:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system 422:521 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 2 5 theme molecular 450:458 arg1 properties 498:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties 422:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system 422:521 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 4 6 theme nanofibrils 863:873 arg1 synergies 749:757 synergies 749:757 synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils 749:873 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 7 7 theme ultrahigh 1302:1310 arg1 MJ/m3 1326:1330 33 MJ/m3 1323:1330 33 MJ/m3 1323:1330 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 7 theme ultrahigh 1302:1310 arg1 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3) 1241:1331 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 7 theme ultrahigh 1302:1310 arg1 toughness 1312:1320 ultrahigh toughness 1302:1320 ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3) 1302:1331 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 8 8 dep strength 1467:1474 arg1 MPa 1491:1493 6 GPa and 143 MPa 1477:1493 6 GPa and 143 MPa 1477:1493 All the while, they also exhibit competitive stiffness and strength (6 GPa and 143 MPa, respectively). 30484313 2 9 theme reaction 558:565 arg1 mechanism 567:575 the associated reaction mechanism 543:575 the associated reaction mechanism 543:575 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 9 10 theme lack 1634:1637 arg1 challenge 1617:1625 the main challenge 1608:1625 the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses 1608:1726 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 2 11 used used 527:530 arg2 properties 498:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties 422:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system 422:521 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 7 12 theme properties 1179:1188 arg1 properties 1179:1188 properties 1179:1188 properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1179:1405 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 12 theme properties 1179:1188 arg1 set 1172:1174 a set 1170:1174 a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1170:1405 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 5 13 with assembly 924:931 arg1 matrix 940:945 a matrix 938:945 a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase 938:1024 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 5 14 from micro- 980:985 arg1 phase 1020:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 7 15 theme nanocellulose-based 1377:1395 arg1 filaments 1397:1405 all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1364:1405 all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1364:1405 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 2 16 theme structural 426:435 arg1 properties 498:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties 422:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system 422:521 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 0 17 theme Stretchable 101:111 arg1 Synthesis 81:89 the Synthesis 77:89 the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning 77:180 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 0 18 theme Heterogeneous 0:12 arg1 Acetylation 14:24 Heterogeneous Acetylation 0:24 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 0:181 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 1 19 theme Heterogeneous 183:195 arg1 acetylation 197:207 Heterogeneous acetylation 183:207 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers 183:222 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 30484313 5 20 from nanofibrils 991:1001 arg1 phase 1020:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 4 21 theme cellulose 842:850 arg1 micro- 852:857 suspended cellulose micro- 832:857 suspended cellulose micro- 832:857 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 9 22 theme strength 1646:1653 arg1 lack 1634:1637 the lack 1630:1637 the lack of wet strength 1630:1653 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 2 23 dep chemical 471:478 arg1 FTIR 481:484 FTIR 481:484 FTIR 481:484 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 2 23 dep chemical 471:478 arg1 titration 487:495 titration 487:495 titration 487:495 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 0 24 theme Water-Resistant 125:139 arg1 Filaments 155:163 Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments 125:163 Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments 125:163 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 2 25 dep molecular 450:458 arg1 SEC 461:463 SEC 461:463 SEC 461:463 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 7 26 theme reported 1368:1375 arg1 filaments 1397:1405 all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1364:1405 all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1364:1405 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 0 27 theme Plant 29:33 arg1 Fibers 35:40 Plant Fibers 29:40 Plant Fibers 29:40 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 4 28 theme compositions 762:773 arg1 synergies 749:757 synergies 749:757 synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils 749:873 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 9 29 theme main 1612:1615 arg1 challenge 1617:1625 the main challenge 1608:1625 the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses 1608:1726 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 4 30 theme first 717:721 arg1 time 723:726 the first time 713:726 the first time 713:726 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 4 30 theme first 717:721 arg1 exploitation 733:744 the exploitation 729:744 the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils 729:873 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 1 31 theme wood 212:215 arg1 fibers 217:222 wood fibers 212:222 wood fibers 212:222 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 30484313 0 32 theme Tough 114:118 arg1 Synthesis 81:89 the Synthesis 77:89 the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning 77:180 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 7 33 dep nanocelluloses 1241:1254 arg1 strain 1290:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 33 dep nanocelluloses 1241:1254 arg1 MJ/m3 1326:1330 33 MJ/m3 1323:1330 33 MJ/m3 1323:1330 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 33 dep nanocelluloses 1241:1254 arg1 toughness 1312:1320 ultrahigh toughness 1302:1320 ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3) 1302:1331 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 33 dep nanocelluloses 1241:1254 arg1 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3) 1241:1331 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 33 dep nanocelluloses 1241:1254 arg1 stretchability 1270:1283 a remarkable stretchability 1257:1283 a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) 1257:1296 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 1 34 theme fibers 217:222 arg1 acetylation 197:207 Heterogeneous acetylation 183:207 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers 183:222 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 30484313 2 35 theme system 516:521 arg1 properties 498:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties 422:507 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system 422:521 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 5 36 theme dispersed 1010:1018 arg1 phase 1020:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 the dispersed phase 1006:1024 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 6 37 theme uninterrupted 1044:1056 arg1 wet-spinning 1074:1085 uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning 1044:1085 uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning 1044:1085 This facilitates uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning. 30484313 0 38 theme Fibers 35:40 arg1 Acetylation 14:24 Heterogeneous Acetylation 0:24 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 0:181 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 1 39 used used 375:378 arg2 processing 313:322 their processing 307:322 their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning 307:419 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 30484313 7 40 with contact 1093:1099 arg1 antisolvent 1109:1119 an antisolvent 1106:1119 an antisolvent (water) 1106:1127 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 40 with contact 1093:1099 arg1 water 1122:1126 water 1122:1126 water 1122:1126 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 8 41 dep they 1423:1426 arg1 All 1408:1410 All 1408:1410 All 1408:1410 All the while, they also exhibit competitive stiffness and strength (6 GPa and 143 MPa, respectively). 30484313 2 42 theme associated 547:556 arg1 mechanism 567:575 the associated reaction mechanism 543:575 the associated reaction mechanism 543:575 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 4 43 theme cellulose 811:819 arg1 esters 821:826 dissolved cellulose esters 801:826 dissolved cellulose esters 801:826 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 4 44 theme suspended 832:840 arg1 micro- 852:857 suspended cellulose micro- 832:857 suspended cellulose micro- 832:857 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 7 45 theme remarkable 1259:1268 arg1 strain 1290:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 45 theme remarkable 1259:1268 arg1 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses 1241:1254 nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3) 1241:1331 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 45 theme remarkable 1259:1268 arg1 stretchability 1270:1283 a remarkable stretchability 1257:1283 a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) 1257:1296 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 9 46 from immersion 1580:1588 arg1 water 1593:1597 water 1593:1597 water 1593:1597 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 0 47 theme Co-continuous 141:153 arg1 Filaments 155:163 Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments 125:163 Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments 125:163 Heterogeneous Acetylation of Plant Fibers into Micro- and Nanocelluloses for the Synthesis of Highly Stretchable, Tough, and Water-Resistant Co-continuous Filaments via Wet-Spinning. 30484313 3 48 theme main 645:648 arg1 features 664:671 the main morphological features 641:671 the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils 641:692 Unlike the homogeneous acetylation, this method does not alter the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils. 30484313 4 49 theme dissolved 801:809 arg1 esters 821:826 dissolved cellulose esters 801:826 dissolved cellulose esters 801:826 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 5 50 theme co-continuous 910:922 arg1 assembly 924:931 a co-continuous assembly 908:931 a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase 908:1024 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 9 51 theme long-term 1570:1578 arg1 immersion 1580:1588 long-term immersion 1570:1588 long-term immersion in water 1570:1597 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 7 52 dep set 1195:1197 arg1 both 1334:1337 both 1334:1337 both 1334:1337 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 3 53 theme morphological 650:662 arg1 features 664:671 the main morphological features 641:671 the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils 641:692 Unlike the homogeneous acetylation, this method does not alter the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils. 30484313 4 54 theme synergies 749:757 arg1 time 723:726 the first time 713:726 the first time 713:726 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 4 54 theme synergies 749:757 arg1 exploitation 733:744 the exploitation 729:744 the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils 729:873 Thus, we show for the first time, the exploitation of synergies of compositions simultaneously comprising dissolved cellulose esters and suspended cellulose micro- and nanofibrils. 30484313 7 55 theme filaments 1397:1405 arg1 values 1354:1359 the values 1350:1359 the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments 1350:1405 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 9 56 theme properties 1553:1562 arg1 % 1542:1542 90% 1540:1542 90% of these properties 1540:1562 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 9 56 theme properties 1553:1562 arg1 properties 1553:1562 these properties 1547:1562 these properties 1547:1562 Most remarkably, they retain 90% of these properties after long-term immersion in water, solving the main challenge of the lack of wet strength that is otherwise observed for filaments synthesized from nanocelluloses. 30484313 8 57 theme competitive 1441:1451 arg1 stiffness 1453:1461 competitive stiffness 1441:1461 competitive stiffness 1441:1461 All the while, they also exhibit competitive stiffness and strength (6 GPa and 143 MPa, respectively). 30484313 2 58 dep structural 426:435 arg1 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 2 58 dep structural 426:435 arg1 WAXD 443:446 WAXD 443:446 WAXD 443:446 The structural (SEM, WAXD), molecular (SEC), and chemical (FTIR, titration) properties of the system are used to propose the associated reaction mechanism. 30484313 6 59 theme defect-free 1062:1072 arg1 wet-spinning 1074:1085 uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning 1044:1085 uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning 1044:1085 This facilitates uninterrupted and defect-free wet-spinning. 30484313 5 60 theme Such 876:879 arg1 suspension 891:900 Such colloidal suspension 876:900 Such colloidal suspension 876:900 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 7 61 theme % 1288:1288 arg1 strain 1290:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 30% strain 1286:1295 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 7 61 theme % 1288:1288 arg1 stretchability 1270:1283 a remarkable stretchability 1257:1283 a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) 1257:1296 Upon contact with an antisolvent (water), filaments are easily formed and display a set of properties that set them apart from those reported so far for nanocelluloses: a remarkable stretchability (30% strain) and ultrahigh toughness (33 MJ/m3), both surpassing the values of all reported nanocellulose-based filaments. 30484313 3 62 theme cellulose 676:684 arg1 fibrils 686:692 cellulose fibrils 676:692 cellulose fibrils 676:692 Unlike the homogeneous acetylation, this method does not alter the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils. 30484313 3 63 theme homogeneous 589:599 arg1 acetylation 601:611 the homogeneous acetylation 585:611 the homogeneous acetylation 585:611 Unlike the homogeneous acetylation, this method does not alter the main morphological features of cellulose fibrils. 30484313 5 64 theme colloidal 881:889 arg1 suspension 891:900 Such colloidal suspension 876:900 Such colloidal suspension 876:900 Such colloidal suspension forms a co-continuous assembly with a matrix that interacts strongly with the micro- and nanofibrils in the dispersed phase. 30484313 1 65 theme interfibrillar 256:269 arg1 bonding 280:286 their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding 250:286 their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding 250:286 Heterogeneous acetylation of wood fibers is proposed for weakening their interfibrillar hydrogen bonding, which facilitates their processing into micro- and nanocelluloses that can be further used to synthesize filaments via wet-spinning. 31398290 4 0 theme colocalization 879:892 arg1 degree 869:874 a high degree 862:874 a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs 862:926 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 1 1 attach linked 153:158 arg1 changes 163:169 changes 163:169 changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 163:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 1 attach linked 153:158 arg2 spread 121:126 Invasive spread 112:126 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) 112:148 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 6 2 theme tumor 1493:1497 arg1 burden 1499:1504 reduced tumor burden 1485:1504 reduced tumor burden 1485:1504 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 3 3 theme 4,6-sulfated 555:566 arg1 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 3 theme 4,6-sulfated 555:566 arg1 CS-GAG 568:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG 555:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] 555:581 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 6 4 theme surfen 1465:1470 arg1 dose 1457:1460 a single intratumoral dose 1435:1460 a single intratumoral dose of surfen 1435:1470 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 3 5 theme binding 766:772 arg1 specificities 774:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 6 theme GAG 753:755 arg1 specificities 774:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 7 7 theme GBM 1655:1657 arg1 invasion.-Logun 1659:1673 stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1650:1673 stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1650:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 4 8 theme marker 905:910 arg1 CD133 912:916 the GSC marker CD133 897:916 the GSC marker CD133 897:916 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 6 9 theme CSPG-binding 1268:1279 arg1 transcripts 1290:1300 CSPG-binding receptor transcripts 1268:1300 CSPG-binding receptor transcripts 1268:1300 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 5 10 theme GAG 957:959 arg1 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 10 theme GAG 957:959 arg1 bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 972:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 929:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) 929:1021 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 11 theme COMP 1089:1092 arg1 matrices 1094:1101 COMP matrices 1089:1101 COMP matrices 1089:1101 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 12 theme small 933:937 arg1 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 12 theme small 933:937 arg1 bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 972:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 929:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) 929:1021 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 7 13 theme GAG 1633:1635 arg1 signaling 1637:1645 sulfated GAG signaling 1624:1645 sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1624:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 6 14 theme Surfen-treated 1228:1241 arg1 cells 1247:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells 1228:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells 1228:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 0 15 theme glioblastoma 89:100 arg1 invasion 102:109 glioblastoma invasion 89:109 glioblastoma invasion 89:109 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 5 16 theme CS-56 1159:1163 arg1 detection 1166:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 6 17 theme lobe 1406:1409 arg1 tumors 1411:1416 frontal lobe tumors 1398:1416 frontal lobe tumors 1398:1416 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 6 18 dep rats 1380:1383 arg1 induced 1385:1391 induced 1385:1391 induced with frontal lobe tumors 1385:1416 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 6 18 dep rats 1380:1383 arg1 treated 1422:1428 treated 1422:1428 treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen 1422:1470 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 1 19 theme chondroitin 174:184 arg1 CS 195:196 CS 195:196 CS 195:196 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 19 theme chondroitin 174:184 arg1 sulfate 186:192 chondroitin sulfate 174:192 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 5 20 theme antichondroitin 1125:1139 arg1 detection 1166:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 7 21 theme surfen 1598:1603 arg1 demonstration 1581:1593 a first demonstration 1573:1593 a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion 1573:1893 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 3 22 theme GBM 429:431 arg1 cells 433:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 5 23 theme antibody 1149:1156 arg1 detection 1166:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 0 24 theme sulfate 53:59 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 61:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 1 25 theme Invasive 112:119 arg1 spread 121:126 Invasive spread 112:126 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) 112:148 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 3 26 theme Rat 421:423 arg1 cells 433:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 0 27 theme Surfen-mediated 0:14 arg1 blockade 16:23 Surfen-mediated blockade 0:23 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 0:78 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 5 28 theme sulfated 948:955 arg1 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 28 theme sulfated 948:955 arg1 bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 972:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 929:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) 929:1021 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 3 29 theme preferential 461:472 arg1 invasion 479:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion 452:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 452:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 5 30 theme human 1216:1220 arg1 GSCs 1222:1225 human GSCs 1216:1225 human GSCs 1216:1225 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 7 31 theme sulfate 1837:1843 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 1845:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 7 32 theme first 1575:1579 arg1 demonstration 1581:1593 a first demonstration 1573:1593 a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion 1573:1893 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 5 33 theme antagonist 961:970 arg1 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 33 theme antagonist 961:970 arg1 bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 972:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 929:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) 929:1021 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 0 34 theme chondroitin 41:51 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 61:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 1 35 theme tumor 306:310 arg1 microenvironment 312:327 the tumor microenvironment 302:327 the tumor microenvironment (TME) 302:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 35 theme tumor 306:310 arg1 TME 330:332 TME 330:332 TME 330:332 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 6 36 theme single 1437:1442 arg1 dose 1457:1460 a single intratumoral dose 1435:1460 a single intratumoral dose of surfen 1435:1470 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 5 37 theme respective 1179:1188 arg1 antigens 1190:1197 respective antigens 1179:1197 respective antigens 1179:1197 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 3 38 theme unsulfated 636:645 arg1 acid 658:661 unsulfated hyaluronic acid 636:661 unsulfated hyaluronic acid 636:661 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 39 theme oversulfated 493:504 arg1 matrices 583:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 0 40 theme glycosaminoglycans 61:78 arg1 blockade 16:23 Surfen-mediated blockade 0:23 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 0:78 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 3 41 theme choice 695:700 arg1 assays 702:707 microfluidics-based choice assays 675:707 microfluidics-based choice assays 675:707 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 4 42 theme patient-derived 808:822 arg1 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 4 42 theme patient-derived 808:822 arg1 cells 836:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells 802:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) 802:847 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 1 43 theme -associated 218:228 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 43 theme -associated 218:228 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 3 44 theme [4- 547:549 arg1 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 44 theme [4- 547:549 arg1 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 44 theme [4- 547:549 arg1 CS-GAG 568:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG 555:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] 555:581 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 44 theme [4- 547:549 arg1 composite 520:528 3-dimensional composite 506:528 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- 506:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 44 theme [4- 547:549 arg1 [4- 547:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 4 45 theme stem 831:834 arg1 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 4 45 theme stem 831:834 arg1 cells 836:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells 802:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) 802:847 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 3 46 theme CS-A 533:536 arg1 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 46 theme CS-A 533:536 arg1 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 COMP 576:579 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 46 theme CS-A 533:536 arg1 CS-GAG 568:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG 555:573 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] 555:581 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 46 theme CS-A 533:536 arg1 composite 520:528 3-dimensional composite 506:528 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- 506:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 46 theme CS-A 533:536 arg1 [4- 547:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 5 47 theme focal 1044:1048 arg1 adhesions 1050:1058 focal adhesions 1044:1058 focal adhesions 1044:1058 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 3 48 theme composite 520:528 arg1 matrices 583:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 6 49 theme reduced 1485:1491 arg1 burden 1499:1504 reduced tumor burden 1485:1504 reduced tumor burden 1485:1504 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 3 50 theme differential 740:751 arg1 specificities 774:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 51 theme CS-E 542:545 arg1 [4- 547:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 1 52 theme sulfate 186:192 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 52 theme sulfate 186:192 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 4 53 theme high 864:867 arg1 degree 869:874 a high degree 862:874 a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs 862:926 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 2 54 from signaling 375:383 arg1 TME 392:394 the TME 388:394 the TME 388:394 We hypothesized that inhibiting CS-GAG signaling in the TME would stem GBM invasion. 31398290 3 55 theme CS-GAG 568:573 arg1 matrices 583:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 493:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 56 dep monosulfated 606:617 arg1 4-sulfated 620:629 4-sulfated 620:629 4-sulfated 620:629 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 56 dep monosulfated 606:617 arg1 matrices 663:670 matrices 663:670 matrices 663:670 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 4 57 theme CSPGs 922:926 arg1 colocalization 879:892 colocalization 879:892 colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs 879:926 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 3 58 theme receptor 757:764 arg1 specificities 774:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 differential GAG receptor binding specificities 740:786 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 1 59 theme CSPG 213:216 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 59 theme CSPG 213:216 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 7 60 theme stem 1650:1653 arg1 invasion.-Logun 1659:1673 stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1650:1673 stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1650:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 6 61 theme receptor 1281:1288 arg1 transcripts 1290:1300 CSPG-binding receptor transcripts 1268:1300 CSPG-binding receptor transcripts 1268:1300 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 6 62 theme protein 1354:1360 arg1 kinase 1362:1367 protein kinase 1354:1367 protein kinase 1354:1367 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 7 63 theme signaling 1637:1645 arg1 invasion 1886:1893 glioblastoma invasion 1873:1893 glioblastoma invasion 1873:1893 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 7 63 theme signaling 1637:1645 arg1 inhibitor 1611:1619 an inhibitor 1608:1619 an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1608:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 4 64 theme GSC 901:903 arg1 CD133 912:916 the GSC marker CD133 897:916 the GSC marker CD133 897:916 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 7 65 theme extratumoral 1812:1823 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 1845:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 7 66 theme sulfated 1624:1631 arg1 signaling 1637:1645 sulfated GAG signaling 1624:1645 sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1624:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 4 67 theme CD133 912:916 arg1 colocalization 879:892 colocalization 879:892 colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs 879:926 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 6 68 theme F98 1243:1245 arg1 cells 1247:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells 1228:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells 1228:1251 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 1 69 theme proteoglycan 199:210 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 69 theme proteoglycan 199:210 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 6 70 dep down-regulated 1253:1266 arg1 B. 1369:1370 B. 1369:1370 B. 1369:1370 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 7 71 theme L. 1781:1782 arg1 blockade 1800:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade 1676:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1676:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 6 72 theme frontal 1398:1404 arg1 tumors 1411:1416 frontal lobe tumors 1398:1416 frontal lobe tumors 1398:1416 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 5 73 theme sulfate 1141:1147 arg1 detection 1166:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 7 74 theme glioblastoma 1873:1884 arg1 invasion 1886:1893 glioblastoma invasion 1873:1893 glioblastoma invasion 1873:1893 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 7 74 theme glioblastoma 1873:1884 arg1 inhibitor 1611:1619 an inhibitor 1608:1619 an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun 1608:1673 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 1 75 from changes 163:169 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 75 from changes 163:169 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 7 76 theme glycosaminoglycans 1845:1862 arg1 blockade 1800:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade 1676:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1676:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 5 77 theme molecule 939:946 arg1 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 surfen 1015:1020 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 77 theme molecule 939:946 arg1 bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 972:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide 929:1012 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) 929:1021 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 3 78 theme F98 425:427 arg1 cells 433:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells 421:437 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 0 79 theme extratumoral 28:39 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 61:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 28:78 Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 7 80 theme chondroitin 1825:1835 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 1845:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1812:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 1 81 theme glioblastoma 131:142 arg1 spread 121:126 Invasive spread 112:126 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) 112:148 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 3 82 theme hyaluronic 647:656 arg1 acid 658:661 unsulfated hyaluronic acid 636:661 unsulfated hyaluronic acid 636:661 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 83 theme cell 474:477 arg1 invasion 479:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion 452:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 452:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 6 84 theme intratumoral 1444:1455 arg1 dose 1457:1460 a single intratumoral dose 1435:1460 a single intratumoral dose of surfen 1435:1470 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 4 85 link patient-derived 808:822 arg1 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 4 85 link patient-derived 808:822 arg1 cells 836:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells 802:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) 802:847 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 3 86 theme enhanced 452:459 arg1 invasion 479:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion 452:486 enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices 452:590 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 5 87 theme antigens 1190:1197 arg1 detection 1166:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection 1125:1174 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 5 87 theme antigens 1190:1197 arg1 CD133 1115:1119 CD133 1115:1119 CD133 1115:1119 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 7 88 theme Surfen-mediated 1784:1798 arg1 blockade 1800:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade 1676:1807 M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans 1676:1862 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31398290 5 89 theme F98 1063:1065 arg1 cells 1067:1071 F98 cells 1063:1071 F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices 1063:1101 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 3 90 theme microfluidics-based 675:693 arg1 assays 702:707 microfluidics-based choice assays 675:707 microfluidics-based choice assays 675:707 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 91 theme 3-dimensional 506:518 arg1 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 CS-A 533:536 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 91 theme 3-dimensional 506:518 arg1 [4- 547:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 CS-E [4- 542:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 3 91 theme 3-dimensional 506:518 arg1 composite 520:528 3-dimensional composite 506:528 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- 506:549 Rat F98 GBM cells demonstrated enhanced preferential cell invasion into oversulfated 3-dimensional composite of CS-A and CS-E [4- and 4,6-sulfated CS-GAG (COMP)] matrices compared with monosulfated (4-sulfated) and unsulfated hyaluronic acid matrices in microfluidics-based choice assays, which is likely influenced by differential GAG receptor binding specificities. 31398290 6 92 theme untreated 1531:1539 arg1 controls 1541:1548 untreated controls 1531:1548 untreated controls 1531:1548 Surfen-treated F98 cells down-regulated CSPG-binding receptor transcripts and protein, as well as total and activated ERK and protein kinase B. Lastly, rats induced with frontal lobe tumors and treated with a single intratumoral dose of surfen demonstrated reduced tumor burden and spread compared with untreated controls. 31398290 5 93 theme F98 1202:1204 arg1 cells 1206:1210 F98 cells 1202:1210 F98 cells 1202:1210 The small molecule sulfated GAG antagonist bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide (surfen) reduced invasion and focal adhesions in F98 cells encapsulated in COMP matrices and blocked CD133 and antichondroitin sulfate antibody (CS-56) detection of respective antigens in F98 cells and human GSCs. 31398290 4 94 theme human 802:806 arg1 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 4 94 theme human 802:806 arg1 cells 836:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells 802:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) 802:847 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 1 95 theme sulfated 230:237 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 239:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans 174:256 chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) 174:333 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 1 95 theme sulfated 230:237 arg1 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 GAGs 259:262 Invasive spread of glioblastoma (GBM) is linked to changes in chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG)-associated sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that are selectively up-regulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 31398290 4 96 theme glioma 824:829 arg1 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 GSCs 843:846 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 4 96 theme glioma 824:829 arg1 cells 836:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells 802:840 human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) 802:847 Both F98 and human patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of the GSC marker CD133 and CSPGs. 31398290 2 97 theme CS-GAG 368:373 arg1 signaling 375:383 CS-GAG signaling 368:383 CS-GAG signaling in the TME 368:394 We hypothesized that inhibiting CS-GAG signaling in the TME would stem GBM invasion. 31398290 7 98 dep demonstration 1581:1593 arg1 inhibits 1864:1871 inhibits 1864:1871 inhibits glioblastoma invasion 1864:1893 These results present a first demonstration of surfen as an inhibitor of sulfated GAG signaling to stem GBM invasion.-Logun, M. T., Wynens, K. E., Simchick, G., Zhao, W., Mao, L., Zhao, Q., Mukherjee, S., Brat, D. J., Karumbaiah, L. Surfen-mediated blockade of extratumoral chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans inhibits glioblastoma invasion. 31170479 8 0 theme preformulations 1411:1425 arg1 injection 1382:1390 injection 1382:1390 injection of the lipid-based preformulations 1382:1425 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 4 1 theme intra-articular 714:728 arg1 administration 730:743 intra-articular administration 714:743 intra-articular administration 714:743 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 5 2 from systems 933:939 arg1 release 905:911 the initial drug release 888:911 the initial drug release from these delivery systems 888:939 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 1 3 theme bio-predictive 140:153 arg1 models 195:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models 140:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations 140:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 6 4 theme site 1073:1076 arg1 matrix 1078:1083 the injection site matrix 1059:1083 the injection site matrix 1059:1083 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 7 5 theme human 1140:1144 arg1 albumin 1152:1158 human serum albumin 1140:1158 human serum albumin 1140:1158 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 0 6 from characteristics 10:24 arg1 model 54:58 a novel in vitro release model 29:58 a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables 29:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 3 7 theme hyaluronic 531:540 arg1 acid 542:545 hyaluronic acid 531:545 hyaluronic acid 531:545 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 6 8 theme injection 1063:1071 arg1 matrix 1078:1083 the injection site matrix 1059:1083 the injection site matrix 1059:1083 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 3 9 theme albumin 563:569 arg1 fate 523:526 The fate 519:526 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, 519:631 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 4 10 theme sustained 686:694 arg1 release 701:707 sustained drug release 686:707 sustained drug release 686:707 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 3 11 theme bio-relevant 581:592 arg1 albumin 563:569 human serum albumin 551:569 human serum albumin 551:569 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 3 11 theme bio-relevant 581:592 arg1 components 594:603 the main bio-relevant components 572:603 the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system 572:630 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 6 12 theme release 971:977 arg1 rate 979:982 The diclofenac release rate 956:982 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution 956:1020 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 9 13 theme low-molecular-weight 1565:1584 arg1 compounds 1591:1599 low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1565:1599 low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1565:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 5 14 theme delivery 924:931 arg1 systems 933:939 these delivery systems 918:939 these delivery systems 918:939 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 0 15 theme injectables 107:117 arg1 performance 76:86 the performance 72:86 the performance of intra-articular injectables 72:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 2 16 from transport 486:494 arg1 joint 512:516 the synovial joint 499:516 the synovial joint 499:516 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 4 17 theme crystalline 805:815 arg1 phases 817:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases 785:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 785:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 2 18 theme Scissor 293:299 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 18 theme Scissor 293:299 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 9 19 theme formulations 1549:1560 arg1 release 1516:1522 initial release 1508:1522 initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1508:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 1 20 theme well-characterized 159:176 arg1 models 195:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models 140:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations 140:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 0 21 theme intra-articular 91:105 arg1 injectables 107:117 intra-articular injectables 91:117 intra-articular injectables 91:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 6 22 dep content 1111:1117 arg1 i.e. 1086:1089 i.e. 1086:1089 i.e. 1086:1089 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 2 23 theme synovial 503:510 arg1 joint 512:516 the synovial joint 499:516 the synovial joint 499:516 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 7 24 theme donor 1190:1194 arg1 compartment 1196:1206 the donor compartment 1186:1206 the donor compartment 1186:1206 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 2 25 theme commercially-available 270:291 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 25 theme commercially-available 270:291 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 1 26 theme in 178:179 arg1 models 195:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models 140:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations 140:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 9 27 theme initial 1508:1514 arg1 release 1516:1522 initial release 1508:1522 initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1508:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 7 28 theme serum 1146:1150 arg1 albumin 1152:1158 human serum albumin 1140:1158 human serum albumin 1140:1158 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 2 29 theme release 342:348 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 29 theme release 342:348 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 6 30 theme diclofenac 960:969 arg1 rate 979:982 The diclofenac release rate 956:982 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution 956:1020 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 9 31 theme drug 1586:1589 arg1 compounds 1591:1599 low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1565:1599 low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1565:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 8 32 theme diclofenac 1288:1297 arg1 release 1299:1305 Sustained diclofenac release 1278:1305 Sustained diclofenac release 1278:1305 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 2 33 theme two-compartment 326:340 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 33 theme two-compartment 326:340 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 1 34 theme release 187:193 arg1 models 195:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models 140:200 bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations 140:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 7 35 theme acceptor 1217:1224 arg1 medium 1226:1231 the acceptor medium 1213:1231 the acceptor medium 1213:1231 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 9 36 theme intra-articular 1527:1541 arg1 formulations 1549:1560 intra-articular depot formulations 1527:1560 intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1527:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 2 37 theme membrane-based 311:324 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 37 theme membrane-based 311:324 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 4 38 theme promising 653:661 arg1 strategy 663:670 A promising strategy 651:670 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration 651:743 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 4 38 theme promising 653:661 arg1 preformulations 761:775 lipid-based preformulations 749:775 lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 749:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 4 39 theme liquid 798:803 arg1 phases 817:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases 785:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 785:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 9 40 theme compounds 1591:1599 arg1 formulations 1549:1560 intra-articular depot formulations 1527:1560 intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1527:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 3 41 theme human 551:555 arg1 albumin 563:569 human serum albumin 551:569 human serum albumin 551:569 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 3 41 theme human 551:555 arg1 components 594:603 the main bio-relevant components 572:603 the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system 572:630 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 3 42 theme main 576:579 arg1 albumin 563:569 human serum albumin 551:569 human serum albumin 551:569 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 3 42 theme main 576:579 arg1 components 594:603 the main bio-relevant components 572:603 the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system 572:630 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 2 43 theme diclofenac 436:445 arg1 release 416:422 release 416:422 release 416:422 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 43 theme diclofenac 436:445 arg1 transport 402:410 transport 402:410 transport 402:410 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 0 44 theme in 37:38 arg1 model 54:58 a novel in vitro release model 29:58 a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables 29:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 8 45 theme phases 1370:1375 arg1 formation 1323:1331 formation 1323:1331 formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations 1323:1425 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 7 46 theme Hyaluronic 1120:1129 arg1 acid 1131:1134 Hyaluronic acid 1120:1134 Hyaluronic acid 1120:1134 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 6 47 theme acid 1106:1109 arg1 content 1111:1117 the hyaluronic acid content 1091:1117 the hyaluronic acid content 1091:1117 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 8 48 theme lipid-based 1399:1409 arg1 preformulations 1411:1425 the lipid-based preformulations 1395:1425 the lipid-based preformulations 1395:1425 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 4 49 theme drug 696:699 arg1 release 701:707 sustained drug release 686:707 sustained drug release 686:707 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 2 50 theme drug 431:434 arg1 diclofenac 436:445 the drug diclofenac 427:445 the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint 427:516 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 0 51 theme novel 31:35 arg1 model 54:58 a novel in vitro release model 29:58 a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables 29:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 8 52 theme Sustained 1278:1286 arg1 release 1299:1305 Sustained diclofenac release 1278:1305 Sustained diclofenac release 1278:1305 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 8 53 theme crystalline 1358:1368 arg1 phases 1370:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 6 54 theme matrix 1078:1083 arg1 composition 1044:1054 the composition 1040:1054 the composition 1040:1054 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 6 55 theme hyaluronic 1095:1104 arg1 acid 1106:1109 the hyaluronic acid 1091:1109 the hyaluronic acid content 1091:1117 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 0 56 theme release 46:52 arg1 model 54:58 a novel in vitro release model 29:58 a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables 29:117 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 6 57 theme solution 1013:1020 arg1 injection 989:997 injection 989:997 injection of an aqueous solution 989:1020 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 8 58 theme viscous 1343:1349 arg1 phases 1370:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 0 59 dep in 37:38 arg1 vitro 40:44 vitro 40:44 vitro 40:44 Transport characteristics in a novel in vitro release model for testing the performance of intra-articular injectables. 31170479 9 60 dep feasibility 1448:1458 arg1 the 1444:1446 the 1444:1446 the 1444:1446 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 4 61 dep in 824:825 arg1 situ 827:830 situ 827:830 situ 827:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 5 62 theme system 863:868 arg1 usefulness 837:846 The usefulness 833:846 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems 833:939 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 6 63 theme aqueous 1005:1011 arg1 solution 1013:1020 an aqueous solution 1002:1020 an aqueous solution 1002:1020 The diclofenac release rate upon injection of an aqueous solution was influenced by the composition of the injection site matrix, i.e. the hyaluronic acid content. 31170479 7 64 theme polycarbonate 1254:1266 arg1 membrane 1268:1275 the employed polycarbonate membrane 1241:1275 the employed polycarbonate membrane 1241:1275 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 1 65 dep in 178:179 arg1 vitro 181:185 vitro 181:185 vitro 181:185 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 1 66 from models 195:200 arg1 development 209:219 the development 205:219 the development of intra-articular depot formulations 205:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 4 67 theme lipid-based 749:759 arg1 strategy 663:670 A promising strategy 651:670 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration 651:743 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 4 67 theme lipid-based 749:759 arg1 preformulations 761:775 lipid-based preformulations 749:775 lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 749:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 4 68 theme non-lamellar 785:796 arg1 phases 817:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases 785:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 785:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 4 69 theme in 824:825 arg1 phases 817:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases 785:822 non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ 785:830 A promising strategy for providing sustained drug release upon intra-articular administration are lipid-based preformulations forming non-lamellar liquid crystalline phases in situ. 31170479 3 70 theme serum 557:561 arg1 albumin 563:569 human serum albumin 551:569 human serum albumin 551:569 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 3 70 theme serum 557:561 arg1 components 594:603 the main bio-relevant components 572:603 the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system 572:630 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 9 71 theme Scissor 1481:1487 arg1 system 1489:1494 the Scissor system 1477:1494 the Scissor system 1477:1494 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 2 72 dep transport 402:410 arg1 the 398:400 the 398:400 the 398:400 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 9 73 theme system 1489:1494 arg1 potential 1464:1472 potential 1464:1472 potential 1464:1472 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 9 73 theme system 1489:1494 arg1 feasibility 1448:1458 feasibility 1448:1458 feasibility 1448:1458 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 2 74 theme testing 350:356 arg1 system 301:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 the commercially-available Scissor system 266:306 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 2 74 theme testing 350:356 arg1 instrument 358:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument 309:367 Here, the commercially-available Scissor system, a membrane-based two-compartment release testing instrument, was applied to characterize the transport and release of the drug diclofenac employing conditions intended to mimic transport in the synovial joint. 31170479 1 75 theme intra-articular 224:238 arg1 formulations 246:257 intra-articular depot formulations 224:257 intra-articular depot formulations 224:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 8 76 theme liquid 1351:1356 arg1 phases 1370:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 highly viscous liquid crystalline phases 1336:1375 Sustained diclofenac release was obtained by formation of highly viscous liquid crystalline phases upon injection of the lipid-based preformulations. 31170479 5 77 theme drug 900:903 arg1 release 905:911 the initial drug release 888:911 the initial drug release from these delivery systems 888:939 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 3 78 theme acid 542:545 arg1 fate 523:526 The fate 519:526 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, 519:631 The fate of hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin, the main bio-relevant components incorporated in the system, was investigated. 31170479 9 79 theme depot 1543:1547 arg1 formulations 1549:1560 intra-articular depot formulations 1527:1560 intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds 1527:1599 The study shows the feasibility and potential of the Scissor system for testing initial release of intra-articular depot formulations of low-molecular-weight drug compounds. 31170479 1 80 theme depot 240:244 arg1 formulations 246:257 intra-articular depot formulations 224:257 intra-articular depot formulations 224:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 31170479 5 81 theme Scissor 855:861 arg1 system 863:868 the Scissor system 851:868 the Scissor system 851:868 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 7 82 theme employed 1245:1252 arg1 membrane 1268:1275 the employed polycarbonate membrane 1241:1275 the employed polycarbonate membrane 1241:1275 Hyaluronic acid and human serum albumin were found to escape from the donor compartment into the acceptor medium through the employed polycarbonate membrane. 31170479 5 83 theme initial 892:898 arg1 release 905:911 the initial drug release 888:911 the initial drug release from these delivery systems 888:939 The usefulness of the Scissor system for investigating the initial drug release from these delivery systems was evaluated. 31170479 1 84 theme formulations 246:257 arg1 development 209:219 the development 205:219 the development of intra-articular depot formulations 205:257 There is a need for bio-predictive and well-characterized in vitro release models in the development of intra-articular depot formulations. 30559077 7 0 with heparin 1360:1366 arg1 activity 1382:1389 improved activity 1373:1389 improved activity 1373:1389 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 6 1 theme other 1291:1295 arg1 LMWHs 1297:1301 other LMWHs 1291:1301 other LMWHs 1291:1301 Importantly, the LMWH prepared by this method had significantly higher anticoagulant activity than UFH and other LMWHs. 30559077 5 2 theme susceptible 1106:1116 arg1 residue 1074:1080 the uronic acid residue 1058:1080 the uronic acid residue in heparin 1058:1091 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 2 theme susceptible 1106:1116 arg1 site 1118:1121 the most susceptible site 1097:1121 the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process 1097:1181 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 2 3 theme molecular 350:358 arg1 size 360:363 the large molecular size 340:363 the large molecular size of heparin 340:374 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 7 4 from production 1436:1445 arg1 industry 1469:1476 the pharmaceutical industry 1450:1476 the pharmaceutical industry 1450:1476 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 3 5 theme ultrasonic 675:684 arg1 treatment 686:694 physical ultrasonic treatment 666:694 physical ultrasonic treatment 666:694 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 1 6 from interest 160:167 arg1 field 176:180 the field 172:180 the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions 172:237 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 2 7 theme large 344:348 arg1 size 360:363 the large molecular size 340:363 the large molecular size of heparin 340:374 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 5 8 theme OH 1135:1136 arg1 radicals 1138:1145 OH radicals 1135:1145 OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process 1135:1181 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 9 theme disaccharide 983:994 arg1 composition 996:1006 disaccharide composition 983:1006 disaccharide composition 983:1006 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 2 10 theme clinical 292:299 arg1 practice 301:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 5 11 theme heparin 914:920 arg1 degradation 922:932 sono-Fenton heparin degradation 902:932 sono-Fenton heparin degradation 902:932 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 2 12 theme routine 284:290 arg1 practice 301:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 7 13 theme effective 1332:1340 arg1 method 1342:1347 an effective method 1329:1347 an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity 1329:1389 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 5 14 from residue 1074:1080 arg1 heparin 1085:1091 heparin 1085:1091 heparin 1085:1091 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 3 15 theme chemical 705:712 arg1 reaction 721:728 the chemical Fenton reaction 701:728 the chemical Fenton reaction 701:728 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 6 16 theme anticoagulant 1255:1267 arg1 activity 1269:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 Importantly, the LMWH prepared by this method had significantly higher anticoagulant activity than UFH and other LMWHs. 30559077 3 17 theme Fenton 714:719 arg1 reaction 721:728 the chemical Fenton reaction 701:728 the chemical Fenton reaction 701:728 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 6 18 theme higher 1248:1253 arg1 activity 1269:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 Importantly, the LMWH prepared by this method had significantly higher anticoagulant activity than UFH and other LMWHs. 30559077 2 19 theme adverse 439:445 arg1 consequences 447:458 severe adverse consequences 432:458 severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia 432:483 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 2 19 theme adverse 439:445 arg1 thrombocytopenia 468:483 thrombocytopenia 468:483 thrombocytopenia 468:483 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 5 20 theme sono-Fenton 1163:1173 arg1 process 1175:1181 the sono-Fenton process 1159:1181 the sono-Fenton process 1159:1181 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 4 21 theme 4.87 kDa 844:851 arg1 LMWH 836:839 a LMWH 834:839 a LMWH of 4.87 kDa within 20 min 834:865 We found that this combination treatment synergistically degraded UFH into a LMWH of 4.87 kDa within 20 min. 30559077 3 22 theme unfractionated 582:595 arg1 UFH 606:608 UFH 606:608 UFH 606:608 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 22 theme unfractionated 582:595 arg1 weight 574:579 high-molecular weight 559:579 high-molecular weight 559:579 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 22 theme unfractionated 582:595 arg1 heparin 597:603 unfractionated heparin 582:603 unfractionated heparin (UFH) 582:609 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 2 23 from application 258:268 arg1 practice 301:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 routine clinical practice 284:308 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 2 24 theme heparin 368:374 arg1 size 360:363 the large molecular size 340:363 the large molecular size of heparin 340:374 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 0 25 theme molecular 19:27 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin using an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system. 30559077 1 26 theme high-molecular 99:112 arg1 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 1 26 theme high-molecular 99:112 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 1 27 theme research 196:203 arg1 field 176:180 the field 172:180 the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions 172:237 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 0 28 theme low 15:17 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin using an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system. 30559077 3 29 theme convenient 525:534 arg1 method 536:541 a highly efficient and convenient method 502:541 a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton 502:756 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 5 30 theme acid 1069:1072 arg1 residue 1074:1080 the uronic acid residue 1058:1080 the uronic acid residue in heparin 1058:1091 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 30 theme acid 1069:1072 arg1 site 1118:1121 the most susceptible site 1097:1121 the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process 1097:1181 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 1 31 theme weight 114:119 arg1 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 1 31 theme weight 114:119 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 0 32 theme heparin 36:42 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin 0:42 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin using an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system. 30559077 3 33 theme low 617:619 arg1 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 33 theme low 617:619 arg1 heparin 638:644 low molecular weight heparin 617:644 low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) 617:651 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 5 34 theme top-down 1024:1031 arg1 analysis 1033:1040 top-down analysis 1024:1040 top-down analysis 1024:1040 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 1 35 theme biomedical 185:194 arg1 research 196:203 biomedical research 185:203 biomedical research 185:203 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 0 36 theme weight 29:34 arg1 heparin 36:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 low molecular weight heparin 15:42 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin using an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system. 30559077 3 37 theme weight 631:636 arg1 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 37 theme weight 631:636 arg1 heparin 638:644 low molecular weight heparin 617:644 low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) 617:651 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 2 38 theme severe 432:437 arg1 consequences 447:458 severe adverse consequences 432:458 severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia 432:483 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 2 38 theme severe 432:437 arg1 thrombocytopenia 468:483 thrombocytopenia 468:483 thrombocytopenia 468:483 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 2 39 theme subcutaneous 391:402 arg1 bioavailability 404:418 its subcutaneous bioavailability 387:418 its subcutaneous bioavailability 387:418 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 7 40 theme improved 1373:1380 arg1 activity 1382:1389 improved activity 1373:1389 improved activity 1373:1389 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 7 41 theme pharmaceutical 1454:1467 arg1 industry 1469:1476 the pharmaceutical industry 1450:1476 the pharmaceutical industry 1450:1476 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 1 42 theme acidic 121:126 arg1 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin 88:94 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 1 42 theme acidic 121:126 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide 97:141 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 6 43 contain had 1230:1232 arg1 LMWH 1201:1204 the LMWH 1197:1204 the LMWH prepared by this method 1197:1228 Importantly, the LMWH prepared by this method had significantly higher anticoagulant activity than UFH and other LMWHs. 30559077 6 43 contain had 1230:1232 arg2 activity 1269:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 significantly higher anticoagulant activity 1234:1276 Importantly, the LMWH prepared by this method had significantly higher anticoagulant activity than UFH and other LMWHs. 30559077 5 44 theme degradation 922:932 arg1 mechanism 889:897 the mechanism 885:897 the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation 885:932 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 3 45 theme physical 666:673 arg1 treatment 686:694 physical ultrasonic treatment 666:694 physical ultrasonic treatment 666:694 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 2 46 theme heparin 273:279 arg1 application 258:268 The anticoagulant application 240:268 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice 240:308 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 7 47 theme heparin 1428:1434 arg1 production 1436:1445 heparin production 1428:1445 heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry 1428:1476 This approach represents an effective method to produce heparin with improved activity and should be potentially useful for heparin production in the pharmaceutical industry. 30559077 5 48 theme sono-Fenton 902:912 arg1 degradation 922:932 sono-Fenton heparin degradation 902:932 sono-Fenton heparin degradation 902:932 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 3 49 theme high-molecular 559:572 arg1 weight 574:579 high-molecular weight 559:579 high-molecular weight 559:579 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 49 theme high-molecular 559:572 arg1 heparin 597:603 unfractionated heparin 582:603 unfractionated heparin (UFH) 582:609 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 1 50 theme multiple 216:223 arg1 bio-functions 225:237 its multiple bio-functions 212:237 its multiple bio-functions 212:237 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30559077 3 51 theme molecular 621:629 arg1 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 LMWH 647:650 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 3 51 theme molecular 621:629 arg1 heparin 638:644 low molecular weight heparin 617:644 low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) 617:651 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 NMR 1016:1018 NMR 1016:1018 NMR 1016:1018 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 composition 996:1006 disaccharide composition 983:1006 disaccharide composition 983:1006 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 analysis 1033:1040 top-down analysis 1024:1040 top-down analysis 1024:1040 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 approaches 951:960 multiple approaches 942:960 multiple approaches 942:960 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 FT-IR 1009:1013 FT-IR 1009:1013 FT-IR 1009:1013 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 52 theme multiple 942:949 arg1 HPLC-SAX 973:980 HPLC-SAX 973:980 HPLC-SAX 973:980 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 4 53 theme combination 778:788 arg1 treatment 790:798 this combination treatment 773:798 this combination treatment 773:798 We found that this combination treatment synergistically degraded UFH into a LMWH of 4.87 kDa within 20 min. 30559077 5 54 theme uronic 1062:1067 arg1 residue 1074:1080 the uronic acid residue 1058:1080 the uronic acid residue in heparin 1058:1091 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 5 54 theme uronic 1062:1067 arg1 site 1118:1121 the most susceptible site 1097:1121 the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process 1097:1181 We characterized the mechanism of sono-Fenton heparin degradation through multiple approaches, including HPLC-SAX, disaccharide composition, FT-IR, NMR and top-down analysis, and found that the uronic acid residue in heparin was the most susceptible site attacked by OH radicals produced in the sono-Fenton process. 30559077 3 55 theme efficient 511:519 arg1 method 536:541 a highly efficient and convenient method 502:541 a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton 502:756 Here, we report a highly efficient and convenient method to depolymerize high-molecular weight, unfractionated heparin (UFH), into low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) by combining physical ultrasonic treatment with the chemical Fenton reaction, referred to as sono-Fenton. 30559077 0 56 theme ultrasound-assisted 53:71 arg1 Fenton-system 73:85 an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system 50:85 an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system 50:85 Preparation of low molecular weight heparin using an ultrasound-assisted Fenton-system. 30559077 2 57 theme anticoagulant 244:256 arg1 application 258:268 The anticoagulant application 240:268 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice 240:308 The anticoagulant application of heparin in routine clinical practice, however, has been limited as the large molecular size of heparin can reduce its subcutaneous bioavailability and lead to severe adverse consequences such as thrombocytopenia. 30559077 1 58 theme much 155:158 arg1 interest 160:167 much interest 155:167 much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions 155:237 Heparin, a high-molecular weight acidic polysaccharide, has raised much interest in the field of biomedical research due to its multiple bio-functions. 30521924 6 0 theme Retama 1130:1135 arg1 galactomannan 1144:1156 Retama reatam galactomannan 1130:1156 Retama reatam galactomannan 1130:1156 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 1 1 theme Retama 254:259 arg1 reatam 261:266 Retama reatam 254:266 Retama reatam 254:266 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 7 2 theme starchy 1253:1259 arg1 foods 1261:1265 starchy foods 1253:1265 starchy foods 1253:1265 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 5 3 from difference 790:799 arg1 terms 804:808 terms 804:808 terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 804:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 6 4 theme mean 1023:1026 arg1 diameter 1040:1047 mean oil droplet diameter 1023:1047 mean oil droplet diameter d 1023:1049 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 1 5 theme reatam 261:266 arg1 properties 240:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties 195:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans 195:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 4 6 theme similar 695:701 arg1 temperature 644:654 transition temperature 633:654 transition temperature (Tg) 633:659 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 6 theme similar 695:701 arg1 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 5 7 theme gum 862:864 arg1 tension 837:843 equilibrium interfacial tension 813:843 equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. 813:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 8 theme reatam 855:860 arg1 gum 862:864 Retama reatam gum 848:864 Retama reatam gum 848:864 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 7 9 theme postprandial 1292:1303 arg1 level 1319:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 6 10 theme d 1049:1049 arg1 measurement 1008:1018 measurement 1008:1018 measurement 1008:1018 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 6 11 theme stable 1085:1090 arg1 nanoemulsions 1092:1104 stable nanoemulsions 1085:1104 stable nanoemulsions 1085:1104 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 5 12 theme interfacial 825:835 arg1 tension 837:843 equilibrium interfacial tension 813:843 equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. 813:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 4 13 dep indicated 618:626 arg1 Tm 686:687 Tm 686:687 Tm 686:687 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 13 dep indicated 618:626 arg1 temperature 644:654 transition temperature 633:654 transition temperature (Tg) 633:659 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 13 dep indicated 618:626 arg1 temperature 673:683 melting temperature 665:683 melting temperature (Tm) 665:688 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 13 dep indicated 618:626 arg1 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 1 14 theme guar 272:275 arg1 galactomannans 277:290 guar galactomannans 272:290 guar galactomannans 272:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 7 15 theme reatam 1209:1214 arg1 gum 1216:1218 Retama reatam gum 1202:1218 Retama reatam gum 1202:1218 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 5 16 dep terms 804:808 arg1 show 910:913 show 910:913 show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 910:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 17 theme equilibrium 813:823 arg1 tension 837:843 equilibrium interfacial tension 813:843 equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. 813:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 7 18 theme level 1319:1323 arg1 surge 1283:1287 the surge 1279:1287 the surge of postprandial blood glucose level 1279:1323 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 5 19 from 20°C. 876:880 arg1 tension 837:843 equilibrium interfacial tension 813:843 equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. 813:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 19 from 20°C. 876:880 arg1 terms 804:808 terms 804:808 terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 804:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 0 20 theme potential 10:18 arg1 source 38:43 potential new galactomannan source 10:43 potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals 10:105 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 6 21 theme reatam 1137:1142 arg1 galactomannan 1144:1156 Retama reatam galactomannan 1130:1156 Retama reatam galactomannan 1130:1156 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 5 22 theme tension 837:843 arg1 terms 804:808 terms 804:808 terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 804:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 7 23 theme in 1167:1168 arg1 experiments 1175:1185 Further in vivo experiments 1159:1185 Further in vivo experiments 1159:1185 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 1 24 theme galactomannans 277:290 arg1 properties 240:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties 195:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans 195:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 3 25 with mannose 491:497 arg1 ratio 541:545 a Man:Gal ratio 531:545 a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83) 531:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 5 26 from terms 804:808 arg1 20°C. 876:880 20°C. 876:880 20°C. 876:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 26 from terms 804:808 arg1 10 869:870 10 869:870 10 869:870 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 3 27 theme Man 533:535 arg1 ratio 541:545 a Man:Gal ratio 531:545 a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83) 531:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 2 28 theme total 399:403 arg1 carbohydrates 405:417 total carbohydrates 399:417 total carbohydrates (95.52%) 399:426 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 2 28 theme total 399:403 arg1 % 425:425 95.52% 420:425 95.52% 420:425 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 0 29 theme galactomannan 24:36 arg1 source 38:43 potential new galactomannan source 10:43 potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals 10:105 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 7 30 theme blood 1305:1309 arg1 level 1319:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 5 31 theme stable 920:925 arg1 nanoemulsions 940:952 stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions 920:952 stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions 920:952 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 32 theme Retama 848:853 arg1 gum 862:864 Retama reatam gum 848:864 Retama reatam gum 848:864 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 2 33 theme lower 432:436 arg1 contents 446:453 lower protein contents 432:453 lower protein contents (0.87%) 432:461 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 2 33 theme lower 432:436 arg1 % 460:460 0.87% 456:460 0.87% 456:460 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 2 34 theme protein 438:444 arg1 contents 446:453 lower protein contents 432:453 lower protein contents (0.87%) 432:461 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 2 34 theme protein 438:444 arg1 % 460:460 0.87% 456:460 0.87% 456:460 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 7 35 theme glucose 1311:1317 arg1 level 1319:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 postprandial blood glucose level 1292:1323 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 7 36 dep in 1167:1168 arg1 vivo 1170:1173 vivo 1170:1173 vivo 1170:1173 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 4 37 theme melting 665:671 arg1 Tm 686:687 Tm 686:687 Tm 686:687 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 37 theme melting 665:671 arg1 temperature 673:683 melting temperature 665:683 melting temperature (Tm) 665:688 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 1 38 theme physicochemical 195:209 arg1 properties 240:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties 195:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans 195:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 3 39 with galactose 509:517 arg1 ratio 541:545 a Man:Gal ratio 531:545 a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83) 531:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 4 40 theme transition 633:642 arg1 temperature 644:654 transition temperature 633:654 transition temperature (Tg) 633:659 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 40 theme transition 633:642 arg1 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 Tg 657:658 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 4 41 theme guar 719:722 arg1 gum 724:726 the guar gum 715:726 the guar gum 715:726 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 0 42 theme new 20:22 arg1 source 38:43 potential new galactomannan source 10:43 potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals 10:105 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 0 43 theme physical 129:136 arg1 properties 168:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 5 44 theme Retama 978:983 arg1 gum 992:994 Retama reatam gum 978:994 Retama reatam gum 978:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 1 45 theme interfacial 212:222 arg1 properties 240:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties 195:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans 195:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 0 46 theme reatam 55:60 arg1 seeds 62:66 Retama reatam seeds 48:66 Retama reatam seeds 48:66 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 7 47 theme glycemic 1235:1242 arg1 index 1244:1248 the glycemic index 1231:1248 the glycemic index of starchy foods 1231:1265 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 5 48 theme reatam 985:990 arg1 gum 992:994 Retama reatam gum 978:994 Retama reatam gum 978:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 7 49 theme foods 1261:1265 arg1 index 1244:1248 the glycemic index 1231:1248 the glycemic index of starchy foods 1231:1265 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 6 50 theme oil 1028:1030 arg1 diameter 1040:1047 mean oil droplet diameter 1023:1047 mean oil droplet diameter d 1023:1049 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 0 51 theme Retama 48:53 arg1 seeds 62:66 Retama reatam seeds 48:66 Retama reatam seeds 48:66 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 0 52 theme emulsifying 139:149 arg1 properties 168:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 5 53 theme oil-in-water 927:938 arg1 nanoemulsions 940:952 stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions 920:952 stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions 920:952 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 3 54 theme Gal 537:539 arg1 ratio 541:545 a Man:Gal ratio 531:545 a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83) 531:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 2 55 theme reatam 356:361 arg1 galactomannan 363:375 Retama reatam galactomannan 349:375 Retama reatam galactomannan 349:375 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 5 56 theme preliminary 892:902 arg1 tests 904:908 preliminary tests 892:908 preliminary tests 892:908 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 2 57 theme Retama 349:354 arg1 galactomannan 363:375 Retama reatam galactomannan 349:375 Retama reatam galactomannan 349:375 The results showed that Retama reatam galactomannan is mainly composed of total carbohydrates (95.52%) and lower protein contents (0.87%). 30521924 6 58 theme diameter 1040:1047 arg1 d 1049:1049 mean oil droplet diameter d 1023:1049 mean oil droplet diameter d 1023:1049 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 0 59 theme antidiabetic 155:166 arg1 properties 168:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 3 60 theme guar 567:570 arg1 1.83 577:580 1.83 577:580 1.83 577:580 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 3 60 theme guar 567:570 arg1 gum 572:574 guar gum 567:574 guar gum (1.83) 567:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 5 61 theme significant 778:788 arg1 difference 790:799 no significant difference 775:799 no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 775:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 1 62 theme emulsifying 228:238 arg1 properties 240:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties 195:249 physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans 195:290 In this study, physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of Retama reatam and guar galactomannans were comparatively investigated. 30521924 3 63 theme 1.85 550:553 arg1 ratio 541:545 a Man:Gal ratio 531:545 a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83) 531:581 The sugars identified were mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal), with a Man:Gal ratio of 1.85 compared to guar gum (1.83). 30521924 7 64 theme Retama 1202:1207 arg1 gum 1216:1218 Retama reatam gum 1202:1218 Retama reatam gum 1202:1218 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 4 65 theme properties 607:616 arg1 results 588:594 The results 584:594 The results of thermal properties 584:616 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 0 66 theme seeds 62:66 arg1 source 38:43 potential new galactomannan source 10:43 potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals 10:105 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 6 67 theme droplet 1032:1038 arg1 diameter 1040:1047 mean oil droplet diameter 1023:1047 mean oil droplet diameter d 1023:1049 Therefore, measurement of mean oil droplet diameter d after heating at 80°C, shows that stable nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam galactomannan. 30521924 0 68 dep Exploring 0:8 arg1 Characterization 108:123 Characterization 108:123 Characterization 108:123 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 0 68 dep Exploring 0:8 arg1 properties 168:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties 129:177 Exploring potential new galactomannan source of Retama reatam seeds for food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals: Characterization and physical, emulsifying and antidiabetic properties. 30521924 7 69 theme Further 1159:1165 arg1 experiments 1175:1185 Further in vivo experiments 1159:1185 Further in vivo experiments 1159:1185 Further in vivo experiments confirmed that Retama reatam gum can reduce the glycemic index of starchy foods and inhibit the surge of postprandial blood glucose level. 30521924 4 70 theme thermal 599:605 arg1 properties 607:616 thermal properties 599:616 thermal properties 599:616 The results of thermal properties indicated were transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) very similar to those of the guar gum. 30521924 5 71 from 10 869:870 arg1 tension 837:843 equilibrium interfacial tension 813:843 equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. 813:880 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 30521924 5 71 from 10 869:870 arg1 terms 804:808 terms 804:808 terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum 804:994 Moreover, results also revealed that there is no significant difference in terms of equilibrium interfacial tension of Retama reatam gum at 10 and 20°C. Moreover, preliminary tests show that stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions may be formulated using Retama reatam gum. 31554060 1 0 theme structural 255:264 arg1 properties 279:288 their structural and textural properties 249:288 their structural and textural properties 249:288 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 4 1 theme structural 570:579 arg1 studies 581:587 The structural studies 566:587 The structural studies 566:587 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 2 theme combined 1129:1136 arg1 imaging 1141:1147 the combined 3D imaging 1125:1147 the combined 3D imaging 1125:1147 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 6 3 from analysis 1088:1095 arg1 predictions 1043:1053 theoretical predictions 1031:1053 theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis 1031:1095 Microscopic observations were assessed in relation to theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis. 31554060 1 4 theme textural 270:277 arg1 properties 279:288 their structural and textural properties 249:288 their structural and textural properties 249:288 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 4 5 theme canola 665:670 arg1 inclusions 676:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 6 theme Quantitative 1098:1109 arg1 outcomes 1111:1118 Quantitative outcomes 1098:1118 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis 1098:1166 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 3 7 theme oscillation 544:554 arg1 in-shear 556:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 5 8 theme oil 862:864 arg1 volume 872:877 the oil phase volume 858:877 the oil phase volume 858:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 7 9 with agreement 1181:1189 arg1 predictions 1207:1217 the volume predictions 1196:1217 the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1196:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 4 10 theme agarose 617:623 arg1 networks 625:632 strong, continuous agarose networks 598:632 strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 598:685 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 5 11 theme quantitative 822:833 arg1 examination 843:853 quantitative in situ examination 822:853 quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 822:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 1 12 theme composite 205:213 arg1 gels 215:218 composite gels 205:218 composite gels 205:218 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 8 13 used used 1480:1483 arg2 method 1446:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 5 14 theme three-dimensional 899:915 arg1 imaging 922:928 three-dimensional (3D) imaging 899:928 three-dimensional (3D) imaging 899:928 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 7 15 theme materials 1370:1378 arg1 behaviour 1347:1355 the phase behaviour 1337:1355 the phase behaviour of composite materials 1337:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 4 16 theme canola 714:719 arg1 oil 721:723 canola oil 714:723 canola oil 714:723 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 0 17 theme laser 146:150 arg1 microscopy 161:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 5 18 theme 3D 918:919 arg1 imaging 922:928 three-dimensional (3D) imaging 899:928 three-dimensional (3D) imaging 899:928 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 0 19 theme oil 60:62 arg1 gels 64:67 agarose-canola oil gels 45:67 agarose-canola oil gels 45:67 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 5 20 theme volume 872:877 arg1 examination 843:853 quantitative in situ examination 822:853 quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 822:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 5 21 theme novel 763:767 arg1 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 5 21 theme novel 763:767 arg1 microscopy 793:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy 761:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 761:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 8 22 theme volume 1515:1520 arg1 determination 1492:1504 the determination 1488:1504 the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems 1488:1570 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 8 23 theme microscopic 1434:1444 arg1 method 1446:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 2 24 theme system 377:382 arg1 behaviour 356:364 the phase behaviour 346:364 the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil 346:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 7 25 theme volume 1200:1205 arg1 predictions 1207:1217 the volume predictions 1196:1217 the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1196:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 0 26 theme volume 35:40 arg1 analysis 13:20 Quantitative analysis 0:20 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging 0:126 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 6 27 theme blending-law 1075:1086 arg1 analysis 1088:1095 rheology-based blending-law analysis 1060:1095 rheology-based blending-law analysis 1060:1095 Microscopic observations were assessed in relation to theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis. 31554060 2 28 theme oil 438:440 arg1 concentrations 413:426 various concentrations 405:426 various concentrations of canola oil 405:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 0 29 theme Quantitative 0:11 arg1 analysis 13:20 Quantitative analysis 0:20 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging 0:126 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 1 30 theme properties 279:288 arg1 understanding 232:244 understanding 232:244 understanding of their structural and textural properties 232:288 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 8 31 theme relevant 1555:1562 arg1 systems 1564:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 4 32 theme composite 743:751 arg1 system 753:758 the composite system 739:758 the composite system 739:758 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 2 33 theme various 405:411 arg1 concentrations 413:426 various concentrations 405:426 various concentrations of canola oil 405:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 7 34 theme close 1175:1179 arg1 agreement 1181:1189 close agreement 1175:1189 close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1175:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 1 35 theme low 293:295 arg1 levels 314:319 low and intermediate levels 293:319 low and intermediate levels of solids 293:329 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 5 36 theme image 934:938 arg1 software 949:956 image analysis software 934:956 image analysis software 934:956 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 6 37 theme theoretical 1031:1041 arg1 predictions 1043:1053 theoretical predictions 1031:1053 theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis 1031:1095 Microscopic observations were assessed in relation to theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis. 31554060 2 38 theme agarose 387:393 arg1 system 377:382 a model system 369:382 a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil 369:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 0 39 theme phase 29:33 arg1 volume 35:40 the phase volume 25:40 the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions 25:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 1 40 theme intermediate 301:312 arg1 levels 314:319 low and intermediate levels 293:319 low and intermediate levels of solids 293:329 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 5 41 theme laser 778:782 arg1 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 5 41 theme laser 778:782 arg1 microscopy 793:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy 761:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 761:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 7 42 theme image 1153:1157 arg1 analysis 1159:1166 image analysis 1153:1166 image analysis 1153:1166 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 7 43 from imaging 1141:1147 arg1 outcomes 1111:1118 Quantitative outcomes 1098:1118 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis 1098:1166 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 5 44 dep in 835:836 arg1 situ 838:841 situ 838:841 situ 838:841 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 1 45 theme gels 215:218 arg1 behaviour 192:200 the phase behaviour 182:200 the phase behaviour of composite gels 182:218 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 techniques 491:500 techniques 491:500 techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear 491:563 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 microDSC 523:530 microDSC 523:530 microDSC 523:530 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 SEM 512:514 SEM 512:514 SEM 512:514 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 FTIR 517:520 FTIR 517:520 FTIR 517:520 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 in-shear 556:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 3 46 theme techniques 491:500 arg1 variety 480:486 a variety 478:486 a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear 478:563 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 0 47 theme agarose-canola 45:58 arg1 gels 64:67 agarose-canola oil gels 45:67 agarose-canola oil gels 45:67 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 4 48 dep soft 645:648 arg1 discontinuous 651:663 discontinuous 651:663 discontinuous 651:663 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 49 theme blending 1265:1272 arg1 law 1274:1276 the isostrain blending law 1251:1276 the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1251:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 4 50 theme strong 598:603 arg1 networks 625:632 strong, continuous agarose networks 598:632 strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 598:685 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 51 theme 3D 1138:1139 arg1 imaging 1141:1147 the combined 3D imaging 1125:1147 the combined 3D imaging 1125:1147 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 5 52 theme microscopy 793:802 arg1 method 811:816 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method 761:816 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 761:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 4 53 theme soft 645:648 arg1 inclusions 676:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 54 theme oil 1227:1229 arg1 phase 1231:1235 the oil phase 1223:1235 the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1223:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 3 55 theme dynamic 536:542 arg1 in-shear 556:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 dynamic oscillation in-shear 536:563 This was pursued using a variety of techniques including SEM, FTIR, microDSC and dynamic oscillation in-shear. 31554060 7 56 from analysis 1159:1166 arg1 outcomes 1111:1118 Quantitative outcomes 1098:1118 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis 1098:1166 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 0 57 theme 3D 117:118 arg1 imaging 120:126 3D imaging 117:126 3D imaging 117:126 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 1 58 theme phase 186:190 arg1 behaviour 192:200 the phase behaviour 182:200 the phase behaviour of composite gels 182:218 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 0 59 from comparison 72:81 arg1 analysis 13:20 Quantitative analysis 0:20 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging 0:126 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 8 60 from determination 1492:1504 arg1 systems 1564:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 0 61 theme confocal 137:144 arg1 microscopy 161:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 0 62 theme scanning 152:159 arg1 microscopy 161:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 confocal laser scanning microscopy 137:170 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 4 63 dep strong 598:603 arg1 continuous 606:615 continuous 606:615 continuous 606:615 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 0 64 theme gels 64:67 arg1 volume 35:40 the phase volume 25:40 the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions 25:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 5 65 theme phase 866:870 arg1 volume 872:877 the oil phase volume 858:877 the oil phase volume 858:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 8 66 theme phase 1509:1513 arg1 volume 1515:1520 phase volume 1509:1520 phase volume 1509:1520 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 7 67 theme composite 1360:1368 arg1 materials 1370:1378 composite materials 1360:1378 composite materials 1360:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 4 68 theme oil 672:674 arg1 inclusions 676:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions 645:685 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 6 69 theme Microscopic 977:987 arg1 observations 989:1000 Microscopic observations 977:1000 Microscopic observations 977:1000 Microscopic observations were assessed in relation to theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis. 31554060 0 70 from analysis 13:20 arg1 comparison 72:81 comparison 72:81 comparison to blending law predictions 72:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 0 71 theme blending 86:93 arg1 predictions 99:109 blending law predictions 86:109 blending law predictions 86:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 5 72 theme analysis 940:947 arg1 software 949:956 image analysis software 934:956 image analysis software 934:956 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 8 73 theme complex 1530:1536 arg1 systems 1564:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 more complex and industrially relevant systems 1525:1570 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 7 74 theme phase 1341:1345 arg1 behaviour 1347:1355 the phase behaviour 1337:1355 the phase behaviour of composite materials 1337:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 0 75 from volume 35:40 arg1 comparison 72:81 comparison 72:81 comparison to blending law predictions 72:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 2 76 theme model 371:375 arg1 system 377:382 a model system 369:382 a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil 369:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 6 77 theme rheology-based 1060:1073 arg1 analysis 1088:1095 rheology-based blending-law analysis 1060:1095 rheology-based blending-law analysis 1060:1095 Microscopic observations were assessed in relation to theoretical predictions from rheology-based blending-law analysis. 31554060 2 78 theme canola 431:436 arg1 oil 438:440 canola oil 431:440 canola oil 431:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31554060 4 79 theme oil 721:723 arg1 levels 704:709 levels 704:709 levels of canola oil 704:723 The structural studies recorded strong, continuous agarose networks supporting soft, discontinuous canola oil inclusions, with increasing levels of canola oil strengthening the composite system. 31554060 7 80 theme approach 1313:1320 arg1 suitability 1293:1303 the suitability 1289:1303 the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1289:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 5 81 theme confocal 769:776 arg1 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 5 81 theme confocal 769:776 arg1 microscopy 793:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy 761:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 761:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 8 82 theme work 1401:1404 arg1 results 1385:1391 The results 1381:1391 The results of this work 1381:1404 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 0 83 theme law 95:97 arg1 predictions 99:109 blending law predictions 86:109 blending law predictions 86:109 Quantitative analysis of the phase volume of agarose-canola oil gels in comparison to blending law predictions using 3D imaging based on confocal laser scanning microscopy. 31554060 5 84 theme scanning 784:791 arg1 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 CLSM 805:808 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 5 84 theme scanning 784:791 arg1 microscopy 793:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy 761:802 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume 761:877 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 1 85 theme solids 324:329 arg1 levels 314:319 low and intermediate levels 293:319 low and intermediate levels of solids 293:329 Studying the phase behaviour of composite gels facilitates understanding of their structural and textural properties at low and intermediate levels of solids. 31554060 8 86 theme developed 1424:1432 arg1 method 1446:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 the developed microscopic method 1420:1451 The results of this work indicate that the developed microscopic method shows promise and could be used in the determination of phase volume in more complex and industrially relevant systems. 31554060 7 87 theme isostrain 1255:1263 arg1 law 1274:1276 the isostrain blending law 1251:1276 the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials 1251:1378 Quantitative outcomes from the combined 3D imaging and image analysis are in close agreement with the volume predictions for the oil phase obtained from the isostrain blending law indicating the suitability of this approach in quantifying the phase behaviour of composite materials. 31554060 5 88 dep quantitative 822:833 arg1 in 835:836 in 835:836 in 835:836 A novel confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method for quantitative in situ examination of the oil phase volume was developed using three-dimensional (3D) imaging and image analysis software - FIJI and Imaris. 31554060 2 89 theme phase 350:354 arg1 behaviour 356:364 the phase behaviour 346:364 the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil 346:440 In this work, the phase behaviour of a model system of agarose including various concentrations of canola oil was studied. 31079687 3 0 theme subcritical 313:323 arg1 conditions 325:334 subcritical conditions 313:334 subcritical conditions 313:334 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 6 1 dep structure 917:925 arg1 the 913:915 the 913:915 the 913:915 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 3 2 theme greater 455:461 arg1 effectiveness 463:475 a greater effectiveness 453:475 a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 453:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 6 3 from husk 1134:1137 arg1 obtainment 1087:1096 the obtainment 1083:1096 the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1083:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 4 theme subcritical 1031:1041 arg1 extraction 1049:1058 subcritical water extraction 1031:1058 subcritical water extraction 1031:1058 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 5 theme water 1043:1047 arg1 extraction 1049:1058 subcritical water extraction 1031:1058 subcritical water extraction 1031:1058 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 3 6 from effectiveness 463:475 arg1 recovery 484:491 the recovery 480:491 the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 480:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 7 theme pectin 496:501 arg1 recovery 484:491 the recovery 480:491 the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 480:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 8 theme molecular 515:523 arg1 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 8 theme molecular 515:523 arg1 weight 525:530 higher molecular weight 508:530 higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 508:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 6 9 theme cacao 1124:1128 arg1 husk 1134:1137 cacao pod husk 1124:1137 cacao pod husk 1124:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 10 theme fluid 281:285 arg1 extraction 287:296 a supercritical fluid extraction 265:296 a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 265:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 6 11 theme green 1063:1067 arg1 processes 1069:1077 green processes 1063:1077 green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1063:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 11 theme green 1063:1067 arg1 efficiency 969:978 the efficiency 965:978 the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction 965:1058 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 12 theme citric 154:159 arg1 acid 161:164 citric acid 154:164 citric acid 154:164 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 5 13 theme higher 766:771 arg1 amount 773:778 2-fold higher amount 759:778 2-fold higher amount of impurities 759:792 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 5 13 theme higher 766:771 arg1 impurities 783:792 impurities 783:792 impurities 783:792 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 2 14 theme supercritical 267:279 arg1 extraction 287:296 a supercritical fluid extraction 265:296 a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 265:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 6 15 theme carbon 1012:1017 arg1 dioxide 1019:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 5 16 theme impurities 783:792 arg1 amount 773:778 2-fold higher amount 759:778 2-fold higher amount of impurities 759:792 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 5 16 theme impurities 783:792 arg1 impurities 783:792 impurities 783:792 impurities 783:792 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 5 17 theme citric 737:742 arg1 acid 744:747 citric acid 737:747 citric acid 737:747 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 6 18 theme dioxide 1019:1025 arg1 processes 1069:1077 green processes 1063:1077 green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1063:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 18 theme dioxide 1019:1025 arg1 efficiency 969:978 the efficiency 965:978 the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction 965:1058 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 1 19 theme conventional 82:93 arg1 extraction 117:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. 31079687 4 20 theme methyl 618:623 arg1 esterification 625:638 methyl esterification 618:638 methyl esterification content 618:646 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 0 21 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 characterisation 11:26 Structural characterisation 0:26 Structural characterisation of pectin 0:36 Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 22 theme phenol 1101:1106 arg1 obtainment 1087:1096 the obtainment 1083:1096 the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1083:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 23 theme supercritical 998:1010 arg1 dioxide 1019:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 0 24 theme pectin 31:36 arg1 characterisation 11:26 Structural characterisation 0:26 Structural characterisation of pectin 0:36 Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 25 theme phenols 301:307 arg1 extraction 287:296 a supercritical fluid extraction 265:296 a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 265:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 6 26 theme integrated 987:996 arg1 dioxide 1019:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide 983:1025 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 27 theme pod 1130:1132 arg1 husk 1134:1137 cacao pod husk 1124:1137 cacao pod husk 1124:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 1 28 theme water 111:115 arg1 extraction 117:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. 31079687 5 29 theme subcritical 809:819 arg1 extraction 827:836 subcritical water extraction 809:836 subcritical water extraction 809:836 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 3 30 with recovery 484:491 arg1 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 30 with recovery 484:491 arg1 weight 525:530 higher molecular weight 508:530 higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 508:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 2 31 theme water 182:186 arg1 extraction 188:197 subcritical water extraction 170:197 subcritical water extraction 170:197 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 1 32 theme subcritical 99:109 arg1 extraction 117:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 conventional and subcritical water extraction 82:126 Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. 31079687 3 33 theme conventional 419:430 arg1 extraction 432:441 conventional extraction 419:441 conventional extraction (˜8%) 419:447 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 33 theme conventional 419:430 arg1 % 446:446 ˜8% 444:446 ˜8% 444:446 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 34 theme shorter 389:395 arg1 time 377:380 a time 375:380 a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) 375:447 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 6 35 theme treatment 886:894 arg1 effects 850:856 any effects 846:856 any effects of a previous supercritical treatment 846:894 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 36 theme subcritical 170:180 arg1 extraction 188:197 subcritical water extraction 170:197 subcritical water extraction 170:197 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 4 37 theme galacturonic 586:597 arg1 acid 599:602 galacturonic acid 586:602 galacturonic acid 586:602 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 0 38 theme pod 58:60 arg1 husk 62:65 cacao pod husk 52:65 cacao pod husk 52:65 Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 39 theme supercritical 872:884 arg1 treatment 886:894 a previous supercritical treatment 861:894 a previous supercritical treatment 861:894 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 1 40 theme extraction 117:126 arg1 Comparison 68:77 Comparison 68:77 Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction 68:126 Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. 31079687 0 41 theme cacao 52:56 arg1 husk 62:65 cacao pod husk 52:65 cacao pod husk 52:65 Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 42 theme previous 863:870 arg1 treatment 886:894 a previous supercritical treatment 861:894 a previous supercritical treatment 861:894 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 43 located observed 901:908 arg1 composition 931:941 composition 931:941 composition 931:941 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 43 located observed 901:908 arg1 structure 917:925 structure 917:925 structure 917:925 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 43 located observed 901:908 arg2 effects 850:856 any effects 846:856 any effects of a previous supercritical treatment 846:894 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 44 theme pod 210:212 arg1 husk 214:217 cacao pod husk 204:217 cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 204:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 4 45 from methods 698:704 arg1 similar 653:659 similar 653:659 similar 653:659 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 3 46 theme higher 508:513 arg1 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 750 kDa 533:539 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 46 theme higher 508:513 arg1 weight 525:530 higher molecular weight 508:530 higher molecular weight (750 kDa) 508:540 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 6 47 theme pectin 1112:1117 arg1 obtainment 1087:1096 the obtainment 1083:1096 the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1083:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 2 48 theme cacao 204:208 arg1 husk 214:217 cacao pod husk 204:217 cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 204:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 4 49 dep similar 653:659 arg1 % 673:673 ˜55 and ˜36% 662:673 ˜55 and ˜36% 662:673 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 5 50 theme water 821:825 arg1 extraction 827:836 subcritical water extraction 809:836 subcritical water extraction 809:836 Moreover, pectin recovered by citric acid presented 2-fold higher amount of impurities as compared to subcritical water extraction. 31079687 6 51 theme extraction 1049:1058 arg1 processes 1069:1077 green processes 1063:1077 green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk 1063:1137 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 51 theme extraction 1049:1058 arg1 efficiency 969:978 the efficiency 965:978 the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction 965:1058 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 4 52 theme content 640:646 arg1 degree 608:613 degree 608:613 degree of methyl esterification content 608:646 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 4 52 theme content 640:646 arg1 acid 599:602 galacturonic acid 586:602 galacturonic acid 586:602 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 4 53 theme pectin 568:573 arg1 structure 575:583 pectin structure 568:583 pectin structure 568:583 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 3 54 theme higher 338:343 arg1 yield 345:349 a higher yield 336:349 a higher yield (10.9%) 336:357 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 3 54 theme higher 338:343 arg1 % 356:356 10.9% 352:356 10.9% 352:356 By subcritical conditions a higher yield (10.9%) was attained in a time 3-fold shorter than that obtained by conventional extraction (˜8%) and a greater effectiveness in the recovery of pectin with higher molecular weight (750 kDa) was also found. 31079687 2 55 theme previous 237:244 arg1 step 246:249 a previous step 235:249 a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols 235:307 Pectin was obtained with citric acid and subcritical water extraction from cacao pod husk with or without a previous step consisting of a supercritical fluid extraction of phenols. 31079687 4 56 theme esterification 625:638 arg1 content 640:646 methyl esterification content 618:646 methyl esterification content 618:646 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 4 57 from similar 653:659 arg1 methods 698:704 both methods 693:704 both methods 693:704 Regarding pectin structure, galacturonic acid and degree of methyl esterification content were similar (˜55 and ˜36%, respectively) in both methods. 31079687 6 58 theme pectin 946:951 arg1 composition 931:941 composition 931:941 composition 931:941 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31079687 6 58 theme pectin 946:951 arg1 structure 917:925 structure 917:925 structure 917:925 Hardly any effects of a previous supercritical treatment were observed in the structure and composition of pectin, indicating the efficiency of the integrated supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical water extraction as green processes for the obtainment of phenol and pectin from cacao pod husk. 31606155 0 0 theme derivatives 95:105 arg1 enantioseparation 39:55 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation 0:55 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 0:177 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 0 1 theme benzamide 85:93 arg1 derivatives 95:105 chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives 60:105 chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives 60:105 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 2 2 theme unbranched 672:681 arg1 chain 689:693 an unbranched alkyl chain 669:693 an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 669:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 0 3 theme cellulose 110:118 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 1 4 theme 2- 400:401 arg1 benzamide 418:426 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide 400:426 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide 400:426 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 4 5 theme enantiomer 915:924 arg1 order 934:938 The enantiomer elution order 911:938 The enantiomer elution order 911:938 The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. 31606155 5 6 theme chiral 1162:1167 arg1 support 1185:1191 chiral chromatographic support 1162:1191 chiral chromatographic support 1162:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 5 7 theme chromatographic 1169:1183 arg1 support 1185:1191 chiral chromatographic support 1162:1191 chiral chromatographic support 1162:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 2 8 theme benzyl 651:656 arg1 group 658:662 the benzyl group 647:662 the benzyl group 647:662 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 9 theme group 658:662 arg1 replacement 632:642 the replacement 628:642 the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 628:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 10 dep 5 723:723 arg1 to 720:721 to 720:721 to 720:721 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 0 11 theme tris 120:123 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 2 12 theme sulfinyl 509:516 arg1 core 526:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 4 13 theme combined 974:981 arg1 strategy 983:990 a combined strategy 972:990 a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures 972:1040 The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. 31606155 0 14 theme liquid 17:22 arg1 chromatography 24:37 High-performance liquid chromatography 0:37 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 0:177 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 1 15 theme benzamide 418:426 arg1 structure 387:395 the structure 383:395 the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide 383:426 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 2 16 theme selectands 555:564 arg1 series 460:465 two homologue series 446:465 two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 446:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 16 theme selectands 555:564 arg1 prototype 538:546 the prototype 534:546 the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 534:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 0 17 theme High-performance 0:15 arg1 chromatography 24:37 High-performance liquid chromatography 0:37 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 0:177 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 5 18 from inversion 1078:1086 arg1 range 1153:1157 the operative temperature range 1127:1157 the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1127:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 5 19 theme temperature 1141:1151 arg1 range 1153:1157 the operative temperature range 1127:1157 the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1127:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 2 20 theme sulfoxides 477:486 arg1 prototype 538:546 the prototype 534:546 the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 534:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 20 theme sulfoxides 477:486 arg1 series 460:465 two homologue series 446:465 two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 446:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 21 theme alkyl 683:687 arg1 chain 689:693 an unbranched alkyl chain 669:693 an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 669:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 22 with replacement 632:642 arg1 chain 689:693 an unbranched alkyl chain 669:693 an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 669:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 1 23 theme immobilized 214:224 arg1 phases 261:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases 214:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) 214:319 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 0 24 theme chromatography 24:37 arg1 enantioseparation 39:55 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation 0:55 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 0:177 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 3 25 theme HPLC 739:742 arg1 composition 776:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 3 25 theme HPLC 739:742 arg1 parameters 744:753 HPLC parameters 739:753 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature 739:809 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 3 25 theme HPLC 739:742 arg1 temperature 799:809 column temperature 792:809 column temperature 792:809 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 0 26 theme 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate 125:151 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 5 27 theme operative 1131:1139 arg1 range 1153:1157 the operative temperature range 1127:1157 the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1127:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 1 28 theme chlorinated-type 226:241 arg1 phases 261:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases 214:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) 214:319 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 5 29 theme inversion 1078:1086 arg1 cases 1047:1051 Two cases 1043:1051 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1043:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 0 30 theme stationary 161:170 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 1 31 theme chiral 243:248 arg1 phases 261:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases 214:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) 214:319 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 2 32 theme homologue 450:458 arg1 prototype 538:546 the prototype 534:546 the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms 534:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 32 theme homologue 450:458 arg1 series 460:465 two homologue series 446:465 two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 446:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 0 33 theme chiral 154:159 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 2 34 theme new 551:553 arg1 selectands 555:564 new selectands 551:564 new selectands 551:564 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 1 35 theme stationary 250:259 arg1 phases 261:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases 214:266 immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) 214:319 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 2 36 theme same 501:504 arg1 core 526:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 1 37 theme outstanding 344:354 arg1 enantioselectivity 356:373 an outstanding enantioselectivity 341:373 an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide 341:426 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 5 38 from range 1153:1157 arg1 inversion 1078:1086 temperature-dependent inversion 1056:1086 temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1056:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 4 39 theme experimental 1018:1029 arg1 procedures 1031:1040 theoretical and experimental procedures 1002:1040 theoretical and experimental procedures 1002:1040 The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. 31606155 5 40 theme elution 1095:1101 arg1 order 1103:1107 the elution order 1091:1107 the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1091:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 5 41 theme support 1185:1191 arg1 range 1153:1157 the operative temperature range 1127:1157 the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1127:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 0 42 theme 2- 67:68 arg1 derivatives 95:105 chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives 60:105 chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives 60:105 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 3 43 theme mobile 763:768 arg1 composition 776:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 4 44 theme elution 926:932 arg1 order 934:938 The enantiomer elution order 911:938 The enantiomer elution order 911:938 The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. 31606155 5 45 theme order 1103:1107 arg1 inversion 1078:1086 temperature-dependent inversion 1056:1086 temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1056:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 3 46 theme pertinent 857:865 arg1 relationships 896:908 pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships 857:908 pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships 857:908 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 3 47 theme phase 770:774 arg1 composition 776:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 mobile phase composition 763:786 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 5 48 theme enantiomers 1112:1122 arg1 order 1103:1107 the elution order 1091:1107 the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1091:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 3 49 theme structure-enantioselectivity 867:894 arg1 relationships 896:908 pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships 857:908 pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships 857:908 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 5 50 from order 1103:1107 arg1 range 1153:1157 the operative temperature range 1127:1157 the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1127:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 5 51 theme temperature-dependent 1056:1076 arg1 inversion 1078:1086 temperature-dependent inversion 1056:1086 temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support 1056:1191 Two cases of temperature-dependent inversion of the elution order of enantiomers in the operative temperature range of chiral chromatographic support were observed. 31606155 3 52 theme column 792:797 arg1 temperature 799:809 column temperature 792:809 column temperature 792:809 HPLC parameters such as mobile phase composition and column temperature have been carefully evaluated in order to get pertinent structure-enantioselectivity relationships. 31606155 2 53 theme benzoyl 518:524 arg1 core 526:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 497:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 0 54 from enantioseparation 39:55 arg1 phase 172:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase 110:176 High-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation of chiral 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide derivatives on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. 31606155 2 55 theme chiral 470:475 arg1 sulfoxides 477:486 chiral sulfoxides 470:486 chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core 470:529 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 2 56 theme carbon 725:730 arg1 atoms 732:736 1 to 5 carbon atoms 718:736 1 to 5 carbon atoms 718:736 We now introduce two homologue series of chiral sulfoxides based on the same 2-(sulfinyl)benzoyl core as the prototype of new selectands for HPLC, whose enantioselectivity could be modulable through the replacement of the benzyl group with an unbranched alkyl chain varying in length from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 31606155 4 57 theme theoretical 1002:1012 arg1 procedures 1031:1040 theoretical and experimental procedures 1002:1040 theoretical and experimental procedures 1002:1040 The enantiomer elution order was unambiguously determined by a combined strategy involving theoretical and experimental procedures. 31606155 1 58 theme cellulose 277:285 arg1 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate 292:318 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate 292:318 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate 292:318 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 31606155 1 58 theme cellulose 277:285 arg1 tris 287:290 cellulose tris 277:290 cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) 277:319 Recently it has been reported that immobilized chlorinated-type chiral stationary phases based on cellulose tris(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) are able to express an outstanding enantioselectivity towards the structure of 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide. 30909753 8 0 theme higher 1060:1065 arg1 bioavailability 1067:1081 higher bioavailability 1060:1081 higher bioavailability 1060:1081 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 8 1 theme azilsartan 974:983 arg1 pump 993:996 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 970:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 970:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 5 2 theme formulations 763:774 arg1 profiles 743:750 the release profiles 731:750 the release profiles of various formulations 731:774 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 4 3 theme membrane 593:600 arg1 compositions 563:574 compositions 563:574 compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter 563:621 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 4 3 theme membrane 593:600 arg1 cores 556:560 different cores 546:560 different cores 546:560 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 0 4 theme tablets 71:77 arg1 evaluation 33:42 in vitro/in vivo evaluation 16:42 in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 16:77 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 0 4 theme tablets 71:77 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 10 5 attach presented 1277:1285 arg1 summary 1236:1242 summary 1236:1242 summary 1236:1242 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 10 5 attach presented 1277:1285 arg2 tablets 1269:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 4 6 theme semipermeable 579:591 arg1 membrane 593:600 semipermeable membrane 579:600 semipermeable membrane 579:600 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 5 7 theme core 680:683 arg1 tablet 685:690 core tablet 680:690 core tablet 680:690 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 6 8 theme optimal 822:828 arg1 formulation 830:840 The optimal formulation 818:840 The optimal formulation 818:840 The optimal formulation achieved to deliver azilsartan at an approximate zero-order up to 14 h. 30909753 10 9 theme controlled 1287:1296 arg1 release 1298:1304 controlled release 1287:1304 controlled release in vitro 1287:1313 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 4 10 theme orifice 606:612 arg1 diameter 614:621 orifice diameter 606:621 orifice diameter 606:621 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 5 11 theme tablet 685:690 arg1 formulation 665:675 The formulation 661:675 The formulation of core tablet 661:690 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 9 12 theme tablets 1224:1230 arg1 dissolution 1182:1192 in vitro dissolution 1173:1192 in vitro dissolution 1173:1192 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 9 12 theme tablets 1224:1230 arg1 absorption 1206:1215 in vivo absorption 1198:1215 in vivo absorption 1198:1215 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 10 13 theme osmotic 1256:1262 arg1 tablets 1269:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 5 14 theme various 755:761 arg1 formulations 763:774 various formulations 755:774 various formulations 755:774 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 8 15 theme immediate-release 1095:1111 arg1 tablets 1113:1119 immediate-release tablets 1095:1119 immediate-release tablets 1095:1119 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 9 16 dep dissolution 1182:1192 arg1 the 1169:1171 the 1169:1171 the 1169:1171 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 3 17 theme semi-permeable 453:466 arg1 membrane 468:475 semi-permeable membrane 453:475 semi-permeable membrane 453:475 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 0 18 theme preformulation 92:105 arg1 investigation 107:119 the preformulation investigation 88:119 the preformulation investigation 88:119 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 10 19 theme azilsartan 1245:1254 arg1 tablets 1269:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 7 20 theme beagle 957:962 arg1 dogs 964:967 beagle dogs 957:967 beagle dogs 957:967 The pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs. 30909753 10 21 theme high 1316:1319 arg1 bioavailability 1321:1335 high bioavailability 1316:1335 high bioavailability in vivo 1316:1343 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 5 22 theme similarity 794:803 arg1 f2 813:814 f2 813:814 f2 813:814 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 5 22 theme similarity 794:803 arg1 factor 805:810 similarity factor 794:810 similarity factor (f2) 794:815 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 9 23 dep in 1173:1174 arg1 vitro 1176:1180 vitro 1176:1180 vitro 1176:1180 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 3 24 theme cellulose 403:411 arg1 acetate 413:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 25 with coating 390:396 arg1 acetate 413:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 25 with coating 390:396 arg1 glycol 438:443 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 10 26 theme good 1351:1354 arg1 correlation 1373:1383 a good in vitro-in vivo correlation 1349:1383 a good in vitro-in vivo correlation 1349:1383 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 1 27 theme azilsartan 177:186 arg1 tablets 201:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 The objective of this study was to design and evaluate azilsartan osmotic pump tablets. 30909753 3 28 theme subsequent 379:388 arg1 coating 390:396 subsequent coating 379:396 subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 379:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 4 29 theme cores 556:560 arg1 influence 533:541 The influence 529:541 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release 529:643 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 3 30 theme Azilsartan 292:301 arg1 tablets 316:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 31 from center 509:514 arg1 orifice 494:500 an orifice 491:500 an orifice at the center of one side 491:526 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 4 32 from influence 533:541 arg1 release 637:643 azilsartan release 626:643 azilsartan release 626:643 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 8 33 dep exhibited 1006:1014 arg1 compared 1083:1090 compared 1083:1090 compared to immediate-release tablets 1083:1119 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 1 34 theme osmotic 188:194 arg1 tablets 201:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 The objective of this study was to design and evaluate azilsartan osmotic pump tablets. 30909753 0 35 theme in 16:17 arg1 evaluation 33:42 in vitro/in vivo evaluation 16:42 in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 16:77 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 3 36 theme osmotic 303:309 arg1 tablets 316:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 6 37 theme zero-order 891:900 arg1 up 902:903 an approximate zero-order up 876:903 an approximate zero-order up to 14 h 876:911 The optimal formulation achieved to deliver azilsartan at an approximate zero-order up to 14 h. 30909753 9 38 dep in 1198:1199 arg1 vivo 1201:1204 vivo 1201:1204 vivo 1201:1204 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 1 39 theme pump 196:199 arg1 tablets 201:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 177:207 The objective of this study was to design and evaluate azilsartan osmotic pump tablets. 30909753 3 40 theme polyethylene 425:436 arg1 glycol 438:443 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 6 41 theme approximate 879:889 arg1 up 902:903 an approximate zero-order up 876:903 an approximate zero-order up to 14 h 876:911 The optimal formulation achieved to deliver azilsartan at an approximate zero-order up to 14 h. 30909753 2 42 theme azilsartan 239:248 arg1 properties 225:234 Preformulation properties 210:234 Preformulation properties of azilsartan 210:248 Preformulation properties of azilsartan were investigated for formulation design. 30909753 8 43 dep pump 993:996 arg1 tablets 998:1004 tablets 998:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 970:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 5 44 theme release 735:741 arg1 profiles 743:750 the release profiles 731:750 the release profiles of various formulations 731:774 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 3 45 dep prepared 329:336 arg1 drilled 483:489 drilled 483:489 then drilled an orifice at the center of one side 478:526 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 0 46 theme azilsartan 47:56 arg1 tablets 71:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 0 47 theme osmotic 58:64 arg1 tablets 71:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 3 48 with core 370:373 arg1 acetate 413:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 cellulose acetate 403:419 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 48 with core 370:373 arg1 glycol 438:443 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 polyethylene glycol 4000 425:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 9 49 theme in 1173:1174 arg1 dissolution 1182:1192 in vitro dissolution 1173:1192 in vitro dissolution 1173:1192 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 4 50 theme different 546:554 arg1 compositions 563:574 compositions 563:574 compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter 563:621 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 4 50 theme different 546:554 arg1 cores 556:560 different cores 546:560 different cores 546:560 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 2 51 theme Preformulation 210:223 arg1 properties 225:234 Preformulation properties 210:234 Preformulation properties of azilsartan 210:248 Preformulation properties of azilsartan were investigated for formulation design. 30909753 10 52 dep in 1356:1357 arg1 vivo 1368:1371 vivo 1368:1371 vivo 1368:1371 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 8 53 theme blood 1036:1040 arg1 concentration 1042:1054 blood concentration 1036:1054 blood concentration 1036:1054 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 3 54 theme pump 311:314 arg1 tablets 316:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 292:322 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 55 from incorporation 341:353 arg1 core 370:373 the core 366:373 the core 366:373 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 3 55 from incorporation 341:353 arg1 coating 390:396 subsequent coating 379:396 subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 379:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 2 56 theme formulation 272:282 arg1 design 284:289 formulation design 272:289 formulation design 272:289 Preformulation properties of azilsartan were investigated for formulation design. 30909753 10 57 theme in 1356:1357 arg1 correlation 1373:1383 a good in vitro-in vivo correlation 1349:1383 a good in vitro-in vivo correlation 1349:1383 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 5 58 theme orthogonal 709:718 arg1 design 720:725 orthogonal design 709:725 orthogonal design 709:725 The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). 30909753 0 59 dep in 16:17 arg1 vivo 28:31 vivo 28:31 vivo 28:31 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 9 60 theme good 1144:1147 arg1 correlation 1149:1159 a good correlation 1142:1159 a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets 1142:1230 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 10 61 theme pump 1264:1267 arg1 tablets 1269:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 1245:1275 In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation. 30909753 4 62 theme diameter 614:621 arg1 compositions 563:574 compositions 563:574 compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter 563:621 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 4 62 theme diameter 614:621 arg1 cores 556:560 different cores 546:560 different cores 546:560 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30909753 0 63 theme pump 66:69 arg1 tablets 71:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 47:77 Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. 30909753 9 64 theme in 1198:1199 arg1 absorption 1206:1215 in vivo absorption 1198:1215 in vivo absorption 1198:1215 Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. 30909753 3 65 theme side 523:526 arg1 center 509:514 the center 505:514 the center of one side 505:526 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 7 66 theme pharmacokinetic 918:932 arg1 study 934:938 The pharmacokinetic study 914:938 The pharmacokinetic study 914:938 The pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs. 30909753 3 67 theme drug 358:361 arg1 incorporation 341:353 incorporation 341:353 incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 341:448 Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. 30909753 8 68 theme osmotic 985:991 arg1 pump 993:996 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 970:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets 970:1004 The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. 30909753 1 69 theme study 144:148 arg1 objective 126:134 The objective 122:134 The objective of this study 122:148 The objective of this study was to design and evaluate azilsartan osmotic pump tablets. 30909753 4 70 theme azilsartan 626:635 arg1 release 637:643 azilsartan release 626:643 azilsartan release 626:643 The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. 30809221 2 0 theme epithelial 377:386 arg1 barrier 388:394 epithelial barrier 377:394 epithelial barrier functioning 377:406 They shape the microbiota, have anti-inflammatory properties, and support epithelial barrier functioning. 30809221 7 1 theme alkaline 1096:1103 arg1 phosphatase 1105:1115 alkaline phosphatase 1096:1115 alkaline phosphatase production 1096:1126 In addition, epithelial cell growth, alkaline phosphatase production, and re-epithelization was studied. 30809221 3 2 from understanding 529:541 arg1 system 608:613 the host immune system 592:613 the host immune system 592:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 4 3 theme HMO 662:664 arg1 SL 681:682 SL 681:682 SL 681:682 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 4 3 theme HMO 662:664 arg1 sialyllactose 666:678 the HMO sialyllactose 658:678 the HMO sialyllactose (SL) 658:683 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 10 4 theme cell 1562:1565 arg1 differentiation 1567:1581 epithelial cell differentiation 1551:1581 epithelial cell differentiation 1551:1581 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 13 5 theme barrier 1942:1948 arg1 function 1950:1957 epithelial barrier function 1931:1957 epithelial barrier function 1931:1957 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 3 6 theme specific 550:557 arg1 effects 559:565 the specific effects 546:565 the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system 546:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 7 7 theme epithelial 1072:1081 arg1 growth 1088:1093 epithelial cell growth 1072:1093 epithelial cell growth 1072:1093 In addition, epithelial cell growth, alkaline phosphatase production, and re-epithelization was studied. 30809221 5 8 theme microbiota 863:872 arg1 composition 874:884 microbiota composition 863:884 microbiota composition 863:884 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 6 9 theme transcriptome 974:986 arg1 analysis 988:995 transcriptome analysis 974:995 transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS 974:1056 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 13 10 from genera 2066:2071 arg1 microbiota 2080:2089 the microbiota 2076:2089 the microbiota 2076:2089 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 0 11 theme Acid 150:153 arg1 Production 155:164 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 5 12 theme SL 822:823 arg1 effect 804:809 The effect 800:809 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition 800:884 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 8 13 theme SL 1203:1204 arg1 effect 1193:1198 the effect 1189:1198 the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production 1189:1258 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 11 14 dep in 1636:1637 arg1 vitro 1639:1643 vitro 1639:1643 vitro 1639:1643 SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. 30809221 8 15 theme in 1266:1267 arg1 cultures 1287:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 5 16 theme epithelial 828:837 arg1 barrier 839:845 epithelial barrier 828:845 epithelial barrier functioning 828:857 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 8 17 theme GOS 1210:1212 arg1 effect 1193:1198 the effect 1189:1198 the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production 1189:1258 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 8 18 theme fecal 1275:1279 arg1 cultures 1287:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 3 19 theme host 596:599 arg1 system 608:613 the host immune system 592:613 the host immune system 592:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 6 20 theme Epithelial 926:935 arg1 function 945:952 Epithelial barrier function 926:952 Epithelial barrier function 926:952 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 13 21 theme differential 2117:2128 arg1 changes 2130:2136 differential changes 2117:2136 differential changes in SCFA profiles 2117:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 12 22 theme composition 1730:1740 arg1 modulation 1705:1714 distinct modulation 1696:1714 distinct modulation of microbiota composition 1696:1740 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 13 23 theme epithelial 1931:1940 arg1 function 1950:1957 epithelial barrier function 1931:1957 epithelial barrier function 1931:1957 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 1 24 theme Human 176:180 arg1 HMO 205:207 HMO 205:207 HMO 205:207 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 1 24 theme Human 176:180 arg1 oligosaccharides 187:202 Human milk oligosaccharides 176:202 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) 176:208 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 6 25 theme cells 1023:1027 arg1 analysis 988:995 transcriptome analysis 974:995 transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS 974:1056 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 0 26 theme Microbiota 105:114 arg1 Composition 116:126 Microbiota Composition 105:126 Microbiota Composition 105:126 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 12 27 theme distinct 1696:1703 arg1 modulation 1705:1714 distinct modulation 1696:1714 distinct modulation of microbiota composition 1696:1740 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 6 28 theme polarized 1006:1014 arg1 cells 1023:1027 fully polarized Caco-2 cells 1000:1027 fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS 1000:1056 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 9 29 dep SL 1332:1333 arg1 both 1343:1346 both 1343:1346 both 1343:1346 Transcriptome analysis showed that SL and GOS both induced pathways that regulate cell cycle control. 30809221 13 30 theme epithelial 1991:2000 arg1 repair 2008:2013 epithelial wound repair 1991:2013 epithelial wound repair 1991:2013 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 4 31 theme microbiota 755:764 arg1 composition 766:776 microbiota composition 755:776 microbiota composition 755:776 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 13 32 theme specific 2057:2064 arg1 genera 2066:2071 specific genera 2057:2071 specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles 2057:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 5 33 dep in 909:910 arg1 vitro 912:916 vitro 912:916 vitro 912:916 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 0 34 theme Chain 138:142 arg1 Acid 150:153 Chain Fatty Acid 138:153 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 10 35 theme halted 1457:1462 arg1 proliferation 1464:1476 halted proliferation 1457:1476 halted proliferation 1457:1476 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 4 36 theme epithelial 723:732 arg1 barrier 734:740 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 4 37 theme functioning 742:752 arg1 barrier 734:740 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 5 38 theme GOS 814:816 arg1 effect 804:809 The effect 800:809 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition 800:884 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 3 39 from system 608:613 arg1 understanding 529:541 our understanding 525:541 our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system 525:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 3 40 theme infant 480:485 arg1 formulas 487:494 infant formulas 480:494 infant formulas 480:494 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 0 41 theme Epithelial 50:59 arg1 Barrier 61:67 Epithelial Barrier 50:67 Epithelial Barrier Functioning 50:79 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 2 42 contain have 330:333 arg2 properties 353:362 anti-inflammatory properties 335:362 anti-inflammatory properties 335:362 They shape the microbiota, have anti-inflammatory properties, and support epithelial barrier functioning. 30809221 2 42 contain have 330:333 arg1 They 303:306 They 303:306 They 303:306 They shape the microbiota, have anti-inflammatory properties, and support epithelial barrier functioning. 30809221 10 43 theme phosphatase 1517:1527 arg1 activity 1529:1536 alkaline phosphatase activity 1508:1536 alkaline phosphatase activity 1508:1536 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 10 43 theme phosphatase 1517:1527 arg1 marker 1541:1546 a marker 1539:1546 a marker of epithelial cell differentiation 1539:1581 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 4 44 theme SCFA 783:786 arg1 production 788:797 SCFA production 783:797 SCFA production 783:797 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 12 45 theme production 1859:1868 arg1 profiles 1870:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 10 46 theme epithelial 1551:1560 arg1 differentiation 1567:1581 epithelial cell differentiation 1551:1581 epithelial cell differentiation 1551:1581 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 11 47 theme in 1636:1637 arg1 assay 1669:1673 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. 30809221 1 48 theme several 264:270 arg1 benefits 279:286 several health benefits 264:286 several health benefits 264:286 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 8 49 from effect 1193:1198 arg1 composition 1228:1238 microbiota composition 1217:1238 microbiota composition 1217:1238 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 8 49 from effect 1193:1198 arg1 production 1249:1258 SCFA production 1244:1258 SCFA production 1244:1258 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 11 50 theme repair 1662:1667 arg1 assay 1669:1673 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. 30809221 7 51 theme phosphatase 1105:1115 arg1 production 1117:1126 alkaline phosphatase production 1096:1126 alkaline phosphatase production 1096:1126 In addition, epithelial cell growth, alkaline phosphatase production, and re-epithelization was studied. 30809221 12 52 theme Bacteroides 1770:1780 arg1 outgrowth 1757:1765 the outgrowth 1753:1765 the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively 1753:1813 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 11 53 theme epithelial 1645:1654 arg1 repair 1662:1667 epithelial wound repair 1645:1667 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. 30809221 3 54 theme effects 559:565 arg1 understanding 529:541 our understanding 525:541 our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system 525:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 3 55 theme prebiotics 578:587 arg1 effects 559:565 the specific effects 546:565 the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system 546:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 12 56 theme bifidobacteria 1786:1799 arg1 outgrowth 1757:1765 the outgrowth 1753:1765 the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively 1753:1813 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 10 57 theme differentiation 1567:1581 arg1 activity 1529:1536 alkaline phosphatase activity 1508:1536 alkaline phosphatase activity 1508:1536 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 10 57 theme differentiation 1567:1581 arg1 marker 1541:1546 a marker 1539:1546 a marker of epithelial cell differentiation 1539:1581 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 7 58 theme cell 1083:1086 arg1 growth 1088:1093 epithelial cell growth 1072:1093 epithelial cell growth 1072:1093 In addition, epithelial cell growth, alkaline phosphatase production, and re-epithelization was studied. 30809221 13 59 theme wound 2002:2006 arg1 repair 2008:2013 epithelial wound repair 1991:2013 epithelial wound repair 1991:2013 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 10 60 theme gene-expression 1404:1418 arg1 profile 1420:1426 This gene-expression profile 1399:1426 This gene-expression profile 1399:1426 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 2 61 theme anti-inflammatory 335:351 arg1 properties 353:362 anti-inflammatory properties 335:362 anti-inflammatory properties 335:362 They shape the microbiota, have anti-inflammatory properties, and support epithelial barrier functioning. 30809221 4 62 theme sialyllactose 666:678 arg1 effects 647:653 the effects 643:653 the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production 643:797 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 3 63 theme HMO 570:572 arg1 effects 559:565 the specific effects 546:565 the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system 546:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 4 64 from effects 647:653 arg1 barrier 734:740 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 epithelial barrier functioning 723:752 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 4 64 from effects 647:653 arg1 production 788:797 SCFA production 783:797 SCFA production 783:797 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 4 64 from effects 647:653 arg1 composition 766:776 microbiota composition 755:776 microbiota composition 755:776 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 1 65 theme prebiotic 214:222 arg1 oligosaccharides 224:239 prebiotic oligosaccharides 214:239 prebiotic oligosaccharides 214:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 8 66 theme SCFA 1244:1247 arg1 production 1249:1258 SCFA production 1244:1258 SCFA production 1244:1258 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 13 67 theme SCFA 2141:2144 arg1 profiles 2146:2153 SCFA profiles 2141:2153 SCFA profiles 2141:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 3 68 theme immune 601:606 arg1 system 608:613 the host immune system 592:613 the host immune system 592:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 13 69 from microbiota 2080:2089 arg1 growth 2047:2052 the growth 2043:2052 the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles 2043:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 5 70 theme in 909:910 arg1 models 918:923 in vitro models 909:923 in vitro models 909:923 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 6 71 theme barrier 937:943 arg1 function 945:952 Epithelial barrier function 926:952 Epithelial barrier function 926:952 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 4 72 theme galactooligosaccharides 690:712 arg1 effects 647:653 the effects 643:653 the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production 643:797 Therefore, we investigated the effects of the HMO sialyllactose (SL), and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on epithelial barrier functioning, microbiota composition, and SCFA production. 30809221 8 73 theme batch 1281:1285 arg1 cultures 1287:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 in vitro fecal batch cultures 1266:1294 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 13 74 from growth 2047:2052 arg1 microbiota 2080:2089 the microbiota 2076:2089 the microbiota 2076:2089 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 12 75 theme microbiota 1719:1728 arg1 composition 1730:1740 microbiota composition 1719:1740 microbiota composition 1719:1740 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 1 76 theme milk 182:185 arg1 HMO 205:207 HMO 205:207 HMO 205:207 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 1 76 theme milk 182:185 arg1 oligosaccharides 187:202 Human milk oligosaccharides 176:202 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) 176:208 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 30809221 6 77 theme Caco-2 1016:1021 arg1 cells 1023:1027 fully polarized Caco-2 cells 1000:1027 fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS 1000:1056 Epithelial barrier function was investigated by transcriptome analysis of fully polarized Caco-2 cells exposed for 6 h to SL or GOS. 30809221 3 78 from effects 559:565 arg1 system 608:613 the host immune system 592:613 the host immune system 592:613 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 0 79 theme Short 132:136 arg1 Production 155:164 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 8 80 dep in 1266:1267 arg1 vitro 1269:1273 vitro 1269:1273 vitro 1269:1273 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 0 81 theme Fatty 144:148 arg1 Acid 150:153 Chain Fatty Acid 138:153 Short Chain Fatty Acid Production 132:164 Sialyllactose and Galactooligosaccharides Promote Epithelial Barrier Functioning and Distinctly Modulate Microbiota Composition and Short Chain Fatty Acid Production In Vitro. 30809221 9 82 theme Transcriptome 1297:1309 arg1 analysis 1311:1318 Transcriptome analysis 1297:1318 Transcriptome analysis 1297:1318 Transcriptome analysis showed that SL and GOS both induced pathways that regulate cell cycle control. 30809221 10 83 theme proliferation 1464:1476 arg1 phenotype 1444:1452 a phenotype 1442:1452 a phenotype of halted proliferation 1442:1476 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 5 84 from effect 804:809 arg1 composition 874:884 microbiota composition 863:884 microbiota composition 863:884 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 5 84 from effect 804:809 arg1 barrier 839:845 epithelial barrier 828:845 epithelial barrier functioning 828:857 The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. 30809221 13 85 theme genera 2066:2071 arg1 growth 2047:2052 the growth 2043:2052 the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles 2043:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 8 86 theme microbiota 1217:1226 arg1 composition 1228:1238 microbiota composition 1217:1238 microbiota composition 1217:1238 Further, we investigated the effect of SL and GOS on microbiota composition and SCFA production using in vitro fecal batch cultures. 30809221 3 87 theme best 441:444 arg1 oligosaccharides 446:461 the best oligosaccharides 437:461 the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas 437:494 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 9 88 theme cycle 1384:1388 arg1 control 1390:1396 cell cycle control 1379:1396 cell cycle control 1379:1396 Transcriptome analysis showed that SL and GOS both induced pathways that regulate cell cycle control. 30809221 12 89 theme SCFA 1854:1857 arg1 profiles 1870:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 12 90 from changes 1843:1849 arg1 profiles 1870:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SCFA production profiles 1854:1877 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 10 91 theme activity 1529:1536 arg1 induction 1495:1503 the induction 1491:1503 the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation 1491:1581 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 12 92 theme distinct 1834:1841 arg1 changes 1843:1849 distinct changes 1834:1849 distinct changes in SCFA production profiles 1834:1877 SL and GOS did show distinct modulation of microbiota composition, promoting the outgrowth of Bacteroides and bifidobacteria, respectively, which resulted in distinct changes in SCFA production profiles. 30809221 10 93 theme alkaline 1508:1515 arg1 phosphatase 1517:1527 alkaline phosphatase 1508:1527 alkaline phosphatase activity 1508:1536 This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. 30809221 9 94 theme cell 1379:1382 arg1 control 1390:1396 cell cycle control 1379:1396 cell cycle control 1379:1396 Transcriptome analysis showed that SL and GOS both induced pathways that regulate cell cycle control. 30809221 13 95 from changes 2130:2136 arg1 profiles 2146:2153 SCFA profiles 2141:2153 SCFA profiles 2141:2153 Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. 30809221 11 96 theme wound 1656:1660 arg1 repair 1662:1667 epithelial wound repair 1645:1667 an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay 1633:1673 SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. 30809221 3 97 from inclusion 467:475 arg1 formulas 487:494 infant formulas 480:494 infant formulas 480:494 However, in order to select the best oligosaccharides for inclusion in infant formulas, there is a need to increase our understanding of the specific effects of HMO and prebiotics on the host immune system. 30809221 1 98 theme health 272:277 arg1 benefits 279:286 several health benefits 264:286 several health benefits 264:286 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and prebiotic oligosaccharides are proposed to confer several health benefits to the infant. 29596930 0 0 theme blue 84:87 arg1 methylene 74:82 methylene blue 74:87 methylene blue 74:87 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid modified cellulose film on adsorption of methylene blue. 29596930 1 1 theme aqueous 284:290 arg1 solution 292:299 aqueous solution 284:299 aqueous solution 284:299 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 5 2 theme films 733:737 arg1 behavior 707:714 adsorption behavior 696:714 adsorption behavior of the composite films 696:737 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 1 3 theme microcrystalline 129:144 arg1 MCC 157:159 MCC 157:159 MCC 157:159 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 3 theme microcrystalline 129:144 arg1 cellulose 146:154 microcrystalline cellulose 129:154 microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 129:160 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 0 4 theme methylene 74:82 arg1 adsorption 60:69 adsorption 60:69 adsorption of methylene blue 60:87 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid modified cellulose film on adsorption of methylene blue. 29596930 1 5 theme casting 222:228 arg1 method 230:235 casting method 222:235 casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution 222:299 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 4 6 theme MC2N 556:559 arg1 film 561:564 MC2N film 556:564 MC2N film 556:564 The recycling study illustrated that MC2N film could be recycled and exhibited constant adsorption performance for five successful runs. 29596930 5 7 theme adsorption 696:705 arg1 behavior 707:714 adsorption behavior 696:714 adsorption behavior of the composite films 696:737 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 5 8 theme Langmuir 812:819 arg1 model 821:825 the Langmuir model 808:825 the Langmuir model 808:825 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 3 9 theme mechanical 415:424 arg1 properties 426:435 mechanical properties 415:435 mechanical properties 415:435 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 3 10 theme MCαN 483:486 arg1 films 488:492 the modified MCαN films 470:492 the modified MCαN films 470:492 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 2 11 theme TGA 337:339 arg1 analysis 341:348 TGA analysis 337:348 TGA analysis 337:348 FT-IR, XRD, elemental analysis and TGA analysis demonstrated the success of modification. 29596930 1 12 from solution 292:299 arg1 adsorption 245:254 the adsorption 241:254 the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution 241:299 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 3 13 theme films 488:492 arg1 behavior 405:412 swelling behavior 396:412 swelling behavior 396:412 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 3 13 theme films 488:492 arg1 properties 426:435 mechanical properties 415:435 mechanical properties 415:435 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 3 13 theme films 488:492 arg1 performance 455:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 5 14 theme pseudo-second 770:782 arg1 model 798:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 4 15 theme successful 639:648 arg1 runs 650:653 five successful runs 634:653 five successful runs 634:653 The recycling study illustrated that MC2N film could be recycled and exhibited constant adsorption performance for five successful runs. 29596930 5 16 theme order 784:788 arg1 model 798:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 2 17 theme elemental 314:322 arg1 analysis 324:331 elemental analysis 314:331 elemental analysis 314:331 FT-IR, XRD, elemental analysis and TGA analysis demonstrated the success of modification. 29596930 2 18 theme modification 378:389 arg1 success 367:373 the success 363:373 the success of modification 363:389 FT-IR, XRD, elemental analysis and TGA analysis demonstrated the success of modification. 29596930 6 19 theme wastewater 927:936 arg1 treatment 938:946 dye wastewater treatment 923:946 dye wastewater treatment 923:946 All the results suggested that the MCαN films could be considered as a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment. 29596930 6 20 theme dye 923:925 arg1 treatment 938:946 dye wastewater treatment 923:946 dye wastewater treatment 923:946 All the results suggested that the MCαN films could be considered as a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment. 29596930 1 21 theme novel 92:96 arg1 MCαN 114:117 MCαN 114:117 MCαN 114:117 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 21 theme novel 92:96 arg1 film 108:111 A novel composite film 90:111 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) 90:203 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 22 theme nitrilotriacetic 166:181 arg1 NTAA 199:202 NTAA 199:202 NTAA 199:202 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 22 theme nitrilotriacetic 166:181 arg1 anhydride 188:196 nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride 166:196 nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) 166:203 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 0 23 theme nitriloacetic 14:26 arg1 acid 28:31 nitriloacetic acid 14:31 nitriloacetic acid 14:31 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid modified cellulose film on adsorption of methylene blue. 29596930 4 24 theme recycling 523:531 arg1 study 533:537 The recycling study 519:537 The recycling study 519:537 The recycling study illustrated that MC2N film could be recycled and exhibited constant adsorption performance for five successful runs. 29596930 5 25 theme mechanism 669:677 arg1 study 679:683 mechanism study 669:683 mechanism study 669:683 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 1 26 theme composite 98:106 arg1 MCαN 114:117 MCαN 114:117 MCαN 114:117 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 26 theme composite 98:106 arg1 film 108:111 A novel composite film 90:111 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) 90:203 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 27 theme acid 183:186 arg1 NTAA 199:202 NTAA 199:202 NTAA 199:202 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 27 theme acid 183:186 arg1 anhydride 188:196 nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride 166:196 nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) 166:203 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 0 28 theme cellulose 42:50 arg1 film 52:55 cellulose film 42:55 cellulose film 42:55 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid modified cellulose film on adsorption of methylene blue. 29596930 1 29 theme methylene 259:267 arg1 adsorption 245:254 the adsorption 241:254 the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution 241:299 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 4 30 theme adsorption 607:616 arg1 performance 618:628 constant adsorption performance 598:628 constant adsorption performance for five successful runs 598:653 The recycling study illustrated that MC2N film could be recycled and exhibited constant adsorption performance for five successful runs. 29596930 3 31 theme swelling 396:403 arg1 behavior 405:412 swelling behavior 396:412 swelling behavior 396:412 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 1 32 theme blue 269:272 arg1 methylene 259:267 methylene blue 259:272 methylene blue (MB) 259:277 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 1 32 theme blue 269:272 arg1 MB 275:276 MB 275:276 MB 275:276 A novel composite film (MCαN) based on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride (NTAA) was prepared via casting method for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 29596930 0 33 theme acid 28:31 arg1 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid 0:31 Evaluation of nitriloacetic acid modified cellulose film on adsorption of methylene blue. 29596930 4 34 theme constant 598:605 arg1 performance 618:628 constant adsorption performance 598:628 constant adsorption performance for five successful runs 598:653 The recycling study illustrated that MC2N film could be recycled and exhibited constant adsorption performance for five successful runs. 29596930 6 35 theme promising 899:907 arg1 candidate 909:917 a promising candidate 897:917 a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment 897:946 All the results suggested that the MCαN films could be considered as a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment. 29596930 6 35 theme promising 899:907 arg1 films 868:872 the MCαN films 859:872 the MCαN films 859:872 All the results suggested that the MCαN films could be considered as a promising candidate for dye wastewater treatment. 29596930 3 36 theme MB 441:442 arg1 performance 455:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 5 37 theme kinetic 790:796 arg1 model 798:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 3 38 theme adsorption 444:453 arg1 performance 455:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 MB adsorption performance 441:465 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 5 39 with consistent 750:759 arg1 model 821:825 the Langmuir model 808:825 the Langmuir model 808:825 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 5 39 with consistent 750:759 arg1 model 798:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 766:802 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 3 40 dep behavior 405:412 arg1 The 392:394 The 392:394 The 392:394 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 29596930 5 41 theme composite 723:731 arg1 films 733:737 the composite films 719:737 the composite films 719:737 In addition, mechanism study found that adsorption behavior of the composite films was better consistent with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. 29596930 3 42 theme modified 474:481 arg1 films 488:492 the modified MCαN films 470:492 the modified MCαN films 470:492 The swelling behavior, mechanical properties and MB adsorption performance of the modified MCαN films were improved obviously. 31269245 0 0 theme Chitosan 63:70 arg1 Nanoparticles 72:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 2 1 theme films 465:469 arg1 development 443:453 the development 439:453 the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles 439:520 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 1 2 theme fossil 231:236 arg1 fuels 238:242 fossil fuels 231:242 fossil fuels 231:242 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 2 3 theme pectin 458:463 arg1 films 465:469 pectin films 458:469 pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles 458:520 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 5 4 theme elongation 874:883 arg1 analysis 843:850 the mechanical analysis 828:850 the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation 828:883 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31269245 9 5 theme nonconventional 1418:1432 arg1 materials 1449:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 2 6 theme performance 581:591 arg1 improvement 542:552 the improvement 538:552 the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films 538:614 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 9 7 theme food 1434:1437 arg1 materials 1449:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 1 8 from polymers 383:390 arg1 development 331:341 the development 327:341 the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers 327:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 8 from polymers 383:390 arg1 materials 360:368 biodegradable materials 346:368 biodegradable materials from natural polymers 346:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 2 9 theme physical-mechanical 561:579 arg1 performance 581:591 the physical-mechanical performance 557:591 the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films 557:614 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 9 10 theme packaging 1439:1447 arg1 materials 1449:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 nonconventional food packaging materials 1418:1457 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 0 11 theme Edible 97:102 arg1 Films 104:108 Novel Edible Films 91:108 Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications 91:140 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 3 12 theme mV 714:715 arg1 potential 683:691 a zeta potential 676:691 a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV 676:715 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 3 12 theme mV 714:715 arg1 size 657:660 an average size 646:660 an average size of 110 nm 646:670 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 8 13 theme degradation 1259:1269 arg1 temperature 1271:1281 the initial degradation temperature 1247:1281 the initial degradation temperature 1247:1281 Conversely, the initial degradation temperature decreased with the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree. 31269245 9 14 theme materials 1449:1457 arg1 development 1403:1413 the development 1399:1413 the development of nonconventional food packaging materials 1399:1457 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 0 15 theme Novel 91:95 arg1 Films 104:108 Novel Edible Films 91:108 Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications 91:140 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 5 16 theme mechanical 832:841 arg1 analysis 843:850 the mechanical analysis 828:850 the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation 828:883 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31269245 0 17 theme Cupuassu 10:17 arg1 Nanoparticles 72:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 1 18 theme biodegradable 346:358 arg1 materials 360:368 biodegradable materials 346:368 biodegradable materials from natural polymers 346:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 2 19 theme films 610:614 arg1 performance 581:591 the physical-mechanical performance 557:591 the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films 557:614 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 8 20 theme initial 1251:1257 arg1 temperature 1271:1281 the initial degradation temperature 1247:1281 the initial degradation temperature 1247:1281 Conversely, the initial degradation temperature decreased with the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree. 31269245 2 21 theme composite 600:608 arg1 films 610:614 the composite films 596:614 the composite films 596:614 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 2 22 dep puree 489:493 arg1 nanoparticles 508:520 nanoparticles 508:520 nanoparticles 508:520 This work aimed at the development of pectin films added by cupuassu puree and chitosan nanoparticles and to evaluate the improvement of the physical-mechanical performance of the composite films. 31269245 1 23 from development 331:341 arg1 polymers 383:390 natural polymers 375:390 natural polymers 375:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 24 theme materials 360:368 arg1 development 331:341 the development 327:341 the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers 327:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 8 25 theme puree 1341:1345 arg1 addition 1302:1309 the addition 1298:1309 the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree 1298:1345 Conversely, the initial degradation temperature decreased with the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree. 31269245 6 26 theme improved 1100:1107 arg1 properties 1117:1126 improved barrier properties 1100:1126 improved barrier properties 1100:1126 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 0 27 theme Packaging 119:127 arg1 Applications 129:140 Food Packaging Applications 114:140 Food Packaging Applications 114:140 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 3 28 theme average 649:655 arg1 size 657:660 an average size 646:660 an average size of 110 nm 646:670 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 5 29 theme pectin 981:986 arg1 films 988:992 the pectin films 977:992 the pectin films 977:992 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31269245 6 30 theme permeability 1007:1018 arg1 assays 1020:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 6 31 theme Water 995:999 arg1 assays 1020:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 1 32 theme major 274:278 arg1 problem 294:300 a major environmental problem 272:300 a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers 272:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 32 theme major 274:278 arg1 films 413:417 edible films 406:417 particularly edible films 393:417 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 0 33 theme Food 114:117 arg1 Applications 129:140 Food Packaging Applications 114:140 Food Packaging Applications 114:140 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 1 34 theme natural 375:381 arg1 polymers 383:390 natural polymers 375:390 natural polymers 375:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 5 35 theme films 988:992 arg1 toughness 964:972 the toughness 960:972 the toughness of the pectin films 960:992 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31269245 6 36 theme vapor 1001:1005 arg1 assays 1020:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays 995:1025 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 7 37 theme glass 1133:1137 arg1 temperature 1150:1160 The glass transition temperature 1129:1160 The glass transition temperature of the films 1129:1173 The glass transition temperature of the films was not strongly affected by the addition of nanoparticles. 31269245 1 38 theme environmental 280:292 arg1 problem 294:300 a major environmental problem 272:300 a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers 272:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 38 theme environmental 280:292 arg1 films 413:417 edible films 406:417 particularly edible films 393:417 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 0 39 theme Puree 44:48 arg1 Nanoparticles 72:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 6 40 contain containing 1070:1079 arg2 cupuassu 1081:1088 cupuassu 1081:1088 cupuassu 1081:1088 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 6 40 contain containing 1070:1079 arg1 films 1064:1068 the nanostructured films 1045:1068 the nanostructured films containing cupuassu 1045:1088 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 9 41 theme new 1385:1387 arg1 route 1389:1393 a new route 1383:1393 a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials 1383:1457 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 7 42 theme transition 1139:1148 arg1 temperature 1150:1160 The glass transition temperature 1129:1160 The glass transition temperature of the films 1129:1173 The glass transition temperature of the films was not strongly affected by the addition of nanoparticles. 31269245 3 43 theme nm 669:670 arg1 potential 683:691 a zeta potential 676:691 a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV 676:715 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 3 43 theme nm 669:670 arg1 size 657:660 an average size 646:660 an average size of 110 nm 646:670 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 0 44 dep Theobroma 20:28 arg1 grandiflorum 30:41 Theobroma grandiflorum 20:41 Theobroma grandiflorum 20:41 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 8 45 theme nanoparticles 1314:1326 arg1 addition 1302:1309 the addition 1298:1309 the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree 1298:1345 Conversely, the initial degradation temperature decreased with the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree. 31269245 1 46 theme packaging 197:205 arg1 materials 207:215 packaging materials 197:215 packaging materials produced from fossil fuels 197:242 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 47 theme edible 406:411 arg1 problem 294:300 a major environmental problem 272:300 a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers 272:390 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 1 47 theme edible 406:411 arg1 films 413:417 edible films 406:417 particularly edible films 393:417 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 8 48 theme cupuassu 1332:1339 arg1 puree 1341:1345 cupuassu puree 1332:1345 cupuassu puree 1332:1345 Conversely, the initial degradation temperature decreased with the addition of nanoparticles and cupuassu puree. 31269245 6 49 theme barrier 1109:1115 arg1 properties 1117:1126 improved barrier properties 1100:1126 improved barrier properties 1100:1126 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 9 50 theme research 1369:1376 arg1 outcomes 1352:1359 The outcomes 1348:1359 The outcomes of this research 1348:1376 The outcomes of this research pave a new route for the development of nonconventional food packaging materials. 31269245 1 51 theme materials 207:215 arg1 disposal 185:192 the disposal 181:192 the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels 181:242 Every year, the residues generated by the disposal of packaging materials produced from fossil fuels have been growing, denoting a major environmental problem that can be mitigated by the development of biodegradable materials from natural polymers, particularly edible films. 31269245 7 52 theme nanoparticles 1220:1232 arg1 addition 1208:1215 the addition 1204:1215 the addition of nanoparticles 1204:1232 The glass transition temperature of the films was not strongly affected by the addition of nanoparticles. 31269245 5 53 theme maximum 855:861 arg1 stress 863:868 maximum stress 855:868 maximum stress 855:868 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31269245 6 54 theme nanostructured 1049:1062 arg1 films 1064:1068 the nanostructured films 1045:1068 the nanostructured films containing cupuassu 1045:1088 Water vapor permeability assays demonstrated that the nanostructured films containing cupuassu exhibited improved barrier properties. 31269245 0 55 theme Pectin 51:56 arg1 Nanoparticles 72:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles 10:84 Combining Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Puree, Pectin, and Chitosan Nanoparticles into Novel Edible Films for Food Packaging Applications. 31269245 3 56 theme zeta 678:681 arg1 potential 683:691 a zeta potential 676:691 a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV 676:715 The nanostructures displayed an average size of 110 nm and a zeta potential of approximately +40 mV. 31269245 7 57 theme films 1169:1173 arg1 temperature 1150:1160 The glass transition temperature 1129:1160 The glass transition temperature of the films 1129:1173 The glass transition temperature of the films was not strongly affected by the addition of nanoparticles. 31269245 5 58 theme stress 863:868 arg1 analysis 843:850 the mechanical analysis 828:850 the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation 828:883 Based upon the mechanical analysis of maximum stress and elongation, it was concluded that the nanoparticles functioned as fillers, increasing the toughness of the pectin films. 31377295 7 0 theme TEM 1189:1191 arg1 studies 1193:1199 XRD and TEM studies 1181:1199 XRD and TEM studies 1181:1199 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 6 1 from loading 1147:1153 arg1 blend 1174:1178 the blend 1170:1178 the blend 1170:1178 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 2 2 theme high-performance 349:364 arg1 films 304:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 2 2 theme high-performance 349:364 arg1 composites 383:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites 332:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 332:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 9 3 theme flexible 1499:1506 arg1 materials 1533:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 4 4 theme fluorescent 656:666 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 7 5 theme XRD 1181:1183 arg1 studies 1193:1199 XRD and TEM studies 1181:1199 XRD and TEM studies 1181:1199 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 9 6 contain have 1467:1470 arg1 materials 1457:1465 These materials 1451:1465 These materials 1451:1465 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 9 6 contain have 1467:1470 arg2 applicability 1482:1494 potential applicability 1472:1494 potential applicability 1472:1494 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 9 7 theme packaging 1523:1531 arg1 materials 1533:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 5 8 theme hydrogen 990:997 arg1 bonding 999:1005 hydrogen bonding 990:1005 hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS 990:1089 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 3 9 theme fluorescent 584:594 arg1 properties 596:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 5 10 from groups 1073:1078 arg1 TPS 1087:1089 the TPS 1083:1089 the TPS 1083:1089 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 5 10 from groups 1073:1078 arg1 surfaces 1052:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 4 11 theme X-ray 941:945 arg1 XRD 960:962 XRD 960:962 XRD 960:962 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 4 11 theme X-ray 941:945 arg1 diffraction 947:957 X-ray diffraction 941:957 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 941:963 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 3 12 theme GQDs/TPS 636:643 arg1 films 645:649 GQDs/TPS films 636:649 GQDs/TPS films 636:649 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 4 13 theme mechanical 696:705 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 8 14 theme GQDs 1437:1440 arg1 loading 1442:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 2 15 theme GQDs/TPS 295:302 arg1 films 304:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 2 15 theme GQDs/TPS 295:302 arg1 composites 383:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites 332:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 332:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 1 16 theme thermoplastic 204:216 arg1 TPS 226:228 TPS 226:228 TPS 226:228 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 1 16 theme thermoplastic 204:216 arg1 starch 218:223 thermoplastic starch 204:223 thermoplastic starch (TPS) 204:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 8 17 theme maximum 1341:1347 arg1 intensity 1367:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 4 18 theme ultraviolet-visible 775:793 arg1 spectroscopy 795:806 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 775:806 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 775:806 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 6 19 theme mechanical 1096:1105 arg1 results 1115:1121 The mechanical testing results 1092:1121 The mechanical testing results 1092:1121 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 4 20 theme films 747:751 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 7 21 theme further 1286:1292 arg1 increases 1294:1302 further increases 1286:1302 further increases in loading 1286:1313 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 5 22 theme FT-IR 966:970 arg1 studies 972:978 FT-IR studies 966:978 FT-IR studies 966:978 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 0 23 theme solid-state 76:86 arg1 properties 120:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 1 24 theme quantum 179:185 arg1 GQDs 193:196 GQDs 193:196 GQDs 193:196 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 1 24 theme quantum 179:185 arg1 dots 187:190 graphene quantum dots 170:190 graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) 170:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 4 25 theme electron 850:857 arg1 microscopy 859:868 scanning electron microscopy 841:868 scanning electron microscopy 841:868 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 7 26 theme % 1270:1270 arg1 loading 1277:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 8 27 theme % 1435:1435 arg1 loading 1442:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 2 28 theme non-biodegradable 416:432 arg1 materials 452:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 0 29 theme dots 41:44 arg1 blends 14:19 Biodegradable blends 0:19 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 0:130 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 5 30 theme -OH 1069:1071 arg1 groups 1073:1078 the -OH groups 1065:1078 the -OH groups in the TPS 1065:1089 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 4 31 theme resistance 817:826 arg1 measurement 828:838 surface resistance measurement 809:838 surface resistance measurement 809:838 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 3 32 theme GQDs 463:466 arg1 solutions 474:482 GQDs stock solutions 463:482 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations 463:510 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 0 33 theme Biodegradable 0:12 arg1 blends 14:19 Biodegradable blends 0:19 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 0:130 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 1 34 theme hot 277:279 arg1 pressing 281:288 hot pressing 277:288 hot pressing 277:288 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 6 35 theme GQDs 1142:1145 arg1 loading 1147:1153 the optimum GQDs loading 1130:1153 the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend 1130:1178 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 5 36 theme GQDs 1047:1050 arg1 surfaces 1052:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 2 37 theme packaging 442:450 arg1 materials 452:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 3 38 theme different 487:495 arg1 concentrations 497:510 different concentrations 487:510 different concentrations 487:510 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 0 39 theme quantum 33:39 arg1 dots 41:44 graphene quantum dots 24:44 graphene quantum dots 24:44 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 7 40 theme graphene 1219:1226 arg1 dispersions 1228:1238 uniform graphene dispersions 1211:1238 uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1211:1283 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 0 41 theme starch 64:69 arg1 blends 14:19 Biodegradable blends 0:19 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 0:130 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 4 42 theme tensile 920:926 arg1 testing 928:934 tensile testing 920:934 tensile testing 920:934 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 4 43 theme infrared 889:896 arg1 spectroscopy 906:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 2 44 theme potential 332:340 arg1 films 304:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 2 44 theme potential 332:340 arg1 composites 383:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites 332:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 332:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 3 45 theme concentrations 497:510 arg1 solutions 474:482 GQDs stock solutions 463:482 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations 463:510 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 4 46 theme FT-IR 899:903 arg1 spectroscopy 906:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 2 47 theme ecofriendly 371:381 arg1 films 304:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 2 47 theme ecofriendly 371:381 arg1 composites 383:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites 332:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 332:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 5 48 from groups 1037:1042 arg1 TPS 1087:1089 the TPS 1083:1089 the TPS 1083:1089 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 5 48 from groups 1037:1042 arg1 surfaces 1052:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 GQDs surfaces 1047:1059 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 9 49 theme potential 1472:1480 arg1 applicability 1482:1494 potential applicability 1472:1494 potential applicability 1472:1494 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 7 50 theme GQDs 1272:1275 arg1 loading 1277:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 7 51 from increases 1294:1302 arg1 loading 1307:1313 loading 1307:1313 loading 1307:1313 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 6 52 theme % 1165:1165 arg1 loading 1147:1153 the optimum GQDs loading 1130:1153 the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend 1130:1178 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 9 53 theme optoelectronic 1508:1521 arg1 materials 1533:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 flexible optoelectronic packaging materials 1499:1541 These materials have potential applicability in flexible optoelectronic packaging materials. 31377295 3 54 theme solid-state 572:582 arg1 properties 596:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 1 55 theme dots 187:190 arg1 blends 160:165 blends 160:165 blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) 160:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 4 56 theme optical 712:718 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 3 57 theme conductive 611:620 arg1 properties 622:631 conductive properties 611:631 conductive properties 611:631 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 7 58 theme ≤10.9 wt 1262:1269 arg1 loading 1277:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1262:1283 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 3 59 theme films 645:649 arg1 properties 596:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 solid-state fluorescent properties 572:605 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 3 59 theme films 645:649 arg1 properties 622:631 conductive properties 611:631 conductive properties 611:631 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 1 60 theme Polymer 132:138 arg1 composites 140:149 Polymer composites 132:149 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) 132:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 8 61 theme photoluminescence 1349:1365 arg1 intensity 1367:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 3 62 dep properties 596:605 arg1 the 568:570 the 568:570 the 568:570 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 6 63 theme testing 1107:1113 arg1 results 1115:1121 The mechanical testing results 1092:1121 The mechanical testing results 1092:1121 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 4 64 theme GQDs/TPS 738:745 arg1 films 747:751 the GQDs/TPS films 734:751 the GQDs/TPS films 734:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 0 65 theme photoluminescent 88:103 arg1 properties 120:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 1 66 theme graphene 170:177 arg1 GQDs 193:196 GQDs 193:196 GQDs 193:196 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 1 66 theme graphene 170:177 arg1 dots 187:190 graphene quantum dots 170:190 graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) 170:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 8 67 theme materials 1401:1409 arg1 conductivity 1381:1392 conductivity 1381:1392 conductivity 1381:1392 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 8 67 theme materials 1401:1409 arg1 intensity 1367:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 maximum photoluminescence intensity 1341:1375 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 0 68 theme conductive 109:118 arg1 properties 120:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 7 69 from dispersions 1228:1238 arg1 matrix 1251:1256 the TPS matrix 1243:1256 the TPS matrix 1243:1256 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 4 70 theme scanning 841:848 arg1 microscopy 859:868 scanning electron microscopy 841:868 scanning electron microscopy 841:868 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 6 71 theme 10.9 wt 1158:1164 arg1 % 1165:1165 10.9 wt% 1158:1165 10.9 wt% 1158:1165 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 8 72 theme 10.9 wt 1428:1434 arg1 loading 1442:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1428:1448 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 2 73 theme traditional 404:414 arg1 materials 452:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 5 74 theme oxygen-containing 1019:1035 arg1 groups 1037:1042 the oxygen-containing groups 1015:1042 the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces 1015:1059 FT-IR studies indicated hydrogen bonding between the oxygen-containing groups on GQDs surfaces and the -OH groups in the TPS. 31377295 4 75 theme surface 809:815 arg1 measurement 828:838 surface resistance measurement 809:838 surface resistance measurement 809:838 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 3 76 theme stock 468:472 arg1 solutions 474:482 GQDs stock solutions 463:482 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations 463:510 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 0 77 theme graphene 24:31 arg1 dots 41:44 graphene quantum dots 24:44 graphene quantum dots 24:44 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 6 78 theme optimum 1134:1140 arg1 loading 1147:1153 the optimum GQDs loading 1130:1153 the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend 1130:1178 The mechanical testing results showed the optimum GQDs loading of 10.9 wt% in the blend. 31377295 7 79 theme uniform 1211:1217 arg1 dispersions 1228:1238 uniform graphene dispersions 1211:1238 uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading 1211:1283 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 31377295 2 80 theme plastic 434:440 arg1 materials 452:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 404:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 0 81 theme thermoplastic 50:62 arg1 starch 64:69 thermoplastic starch 50:69 thermoplastic starch 50:69 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 0 82 with blends 14:19 arg1 properties 120:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties 76:129 Biodegradable blends of graphene quantum dots and thermoplastic starch with solid-state photoluminescent and conductive properties. 31377295 2 83 theme novel 342:346 arg1 films 304:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films 291:308 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 2 83 theme novel 342:346 arg1 composites 383:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites 332:392 potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials 332:460 The GQDs/TPS films were characterized as potential novel, high-performance, and ecofriendly composites replacing traditional non-biodegradable plastic packaging materials. 31377295 1 84 with dots 187:190 arg1 TPS 226:228 TPS 226:228 TPS 226:228 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 1 84 with dots 187:190 arg1 starch 218:223 thermoplastic starch 204:223 thermoplastic starch (TPS) 204:229 Polymer composites based on blends of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with thermoplastic starch (TPS) were prepared by melt-extrusion combined with hot pressing. 31377295 4 85 theme conductive 669:678 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 4 86 theme Fourier-transform 871:887 arg1 spectroscopy 906:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 871:917 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 3 87 theme TPS 535:537 arg1 matrices 539:546 TPS matrices 535:546 TPS matrices 535:546 GQDs stock solutions of different concentrations were incorporated into TPS matrices in order to analyze the solid-state fluorescent properties and conductive properties of GQDs/TPS films. 31377295 8 88 dep intensity 1367:1375 arg1 The 1337:1339 The 1337:1339 The 1337:1339 The maximum photoluminescence intensity and conductivity of the materials were obtained at 10.9 wt% GQDs loading. 31377295 4 89 theme morphological 681:693 arg1 properties 720:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties 652:729 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films 652:751 The fluorescent, conductive, morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of the GQDs/TPS films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, surface resistance measurement, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 31377295 7 90 theme TPS 1247:1249 arg1 matrix 1251:1256 the TPS matrix 1243:1256 the TPS matrix 1243:1256 XRD and TEM studies indicated uniform graphene dispersions in the TPS matrix for ≤10.9 wt% GQDs loading; further increases in loading caused agglomeration. 29479705 8 0 theme chia 1408:1411 arg1 mucilage 1413:1420 the chia mucilage 1404:1420 the chia mucilage 1404:1420 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 3 1 theme h 614:614 arg1 exudation 616:624 the 2 h exudation 608:624 the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 608:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 5 2 dep RESULTS 740:746 arg1 predicted 780:788 predicted 780:788 predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio 780:884 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 5 3 from variation 794:802 arg1 yield 827:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 6 4 dep ± 1044:1044 arg1 kg-1 1053:1056 0.21 g kg-1 1046:1056 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1040:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 8 5 theme process 1344:1350 arg1 time 1308:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 5 theme process 1344:1350 arg1 variables 1327:1335 important variables 1317:1335 important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1317:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 5 theme process 1344:1350 arg1 ratio 1287:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 5 theme process 1344:1350 arg1 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 7 6 theme functional 1108:1117 arg1 properties 1119:1128 good functional properties 1103:1128 good functional properties 1103:1128 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 6 7 theme 31 985:986 arg1 °C 952:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 7 theme 31 985:986 arg1 ratio 973:977 a seed: water ratio 959:977 a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v) 959:992 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 7 theme 31 985:986 arg1 conditions 909:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 1 8 theme significant 251:261 arg1 impact 290:295 a significant technological and economic impact 249:295 a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry 249:317 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 0 9 theme response 80:87 arg1 methodology 97:107 response surface methodology 80:107 response surface methodology 80:107 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 0 10 from Optimization 0:11 arg1 Salvia 53:58 Salvia 53:58 Salvia 53:58 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 0 10 from Optimization 0:11 arg1 seeds 46:50 chia seeds 41:50 chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 41:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 8 11 theme extraction 1368:1377 arg1 yield 1379:1383 the extraction yield 1364:1383 the extraction yield 1364:1383 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 12 theme water 1281:1285 arg1 time 1308:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 12 theme water 1281:1285 arg1 variables 1327:1335 important variables 1317:1335 important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1317:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 12 theme water 1281:1285 arg1 ratio 1287:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 12 theme water 1281:1285 arg1 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 3 13 theme variables 529:537 arg1 combination 498:508 the optimal combination 486:508 the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 486:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 1 14 theme technological 263:275 arg1 impact 290:295 a significant technological and economic impact 249:295 a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry 249:317 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 9 15 theme Chemical 1512:1519 arg1 Industry 1521:1528 Chemical Industry 1512:1528 Chemical Industry 1512:1528 © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. 29479705 7 16 theme good 1103:1106 arg1 properties 1119:1128 good functional properties 1103:1128 good functional properties 1103:1128 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 6 17 theme g 1051:1051 arg1 kg-1 1053:1056 0.21 g kg-1 1046:1056 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1040:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 3 18 theme surface 444:450 arg1 methodology 452:462 response surface methodology 435:462 response surface methodology 435:462 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 0 19 from seeds 46:50 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 0:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 0 19 from seeds 46:50 arg1 extraction 25:34 mucilage extraction 16:34 mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 16:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 5 20 theme polynomial 763:772 arg1 model 774:778 A second-order polynomial model 748:778 A second-order polynomial model 748:778 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 3 21 theme optimal 490:496 arg1 combination 498:508 the optimal combination 486:508 the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 486:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 7 22 theme emulsion 1200:1207 arg1 stability 1209:1217 emulsion stability 1200:1217 emulsion stability 1200:1217 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 8 23 theme physicochemical 1451:1465 arg1 properties 1482:1491 its physicochemical and functional properties 1447:1491 its physicochemical and functional properties 1447:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 0 24 theme surface 89:95 arg1 methodology 97:107 response surface methodology 80:107 response surface methodology 80:107 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 3 25 dep 1 585:585 arg1 w/v 599:601 12-1: 40.8 w/v 588:601 12-1: 40.8 w/v 588:601 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 1 26 theme functional 166:175 arg1 ingredient 177:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 26 theme functional 166:175 arg1 application 149:159 potential application 139:159 potential application 139:159 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 27 contain has 135:137 arg2 application 149:159 potential application 139:159 potential application 139:159 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 27 contain has 135:137 arg1 mucilage 126:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 27 contain has 135:137 arg2 ingredient 177:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 2 28 from effect 337:342 arg1 exudation 388:396 the exudation 384:396 the exudation of chia mucilage 384:413 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 3 29 theme maximum 636:642 arg1 yield 658:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 6 30 theme optimal 891:897 arg1 °C 952:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 30 theme optimal 891:897 arg1 conditions 909:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 2 31 theme mucilage 406:413 arg1 exudation 388:396 the exudation 384:396 the exudation of chia mucilage 384:413 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 1 32 theme economic 281:288 arg1 impact 290:295 a significant technological and economic impact 249:295 a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry 249:317 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 8 33 dep CONCLUSION 1220:1229 arg1 show 1252:1255 show 1252:1255 show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1252:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 5 34 theme water 874:878 arg1 ratio 880:884 water ratio 874:884 the variables temperature and seed: water ratio 838:884 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 2 35 theme time 368:371 arg1 effect 337:342 the effect 333:342 the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage 333:413 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 2 36 theme chia 401:404 arg1 mucilage 406:413 chia mucilage 401:413 chia mucilage 401:413 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 4 37 theme rotatable 722:730 arg1 design 732:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 Experiments were designed according to central composite rotatable design. 29479705 6 38 theme extraction 1020:1029 arg1 yield 1031:1035 an experimental extraction yield 1004:1035 an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1004:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 3 39 theme independent 517:527 arg1 variables 529:537 the independent variables 513:537 the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 513:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 39 theme independent 517:527 arg1 temperature 539:549 temperature 539:549 temperature (15-85 °C) 539:560 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 39 theme independent 517:527 arg1 ratio 578:582 seed: water ratio 566:582 seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 566:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 5 40 theme second-order 750:761 arg1 model 774:778 A second-order polynomial model 748:778 A second-order polynomial model 748:778 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 0 41 theme mucilage 16:23 arg1 extraction 25:34 mucilage extraction 16:34 mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 16:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 3 42 theme chia 644:647 arg1 yield 658:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 5 43 dep variables 842:850 arg1 ratio 880:884 water ratio 874:884 the variables temperature and seed: water ratio 838:884 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 5 43 dep variables 842:850 arg1 temperature 852:862 temperature 852:862 temperature 852:862 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 5 43 dep variables 842:850 arg1 variables 842:850 the variables temperature and seed 838:871 the variables temperature and seed: water ratio 838:884 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 5 43 dep variables 842:850 arg1 seed 868:871 seed 868:871 seed 868:871 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 8 44 theme exudation 1298:1306 arg1 time 1308:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 44 theme exudation 1298:1306 arg1 variables 1327:1335 important variables 1317:1335 important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1317:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 44 theme exudation 1298:1306 arg1 ratio 1287:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 44 theme exudation 1298:1306 arg1 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 0 45 dep Salvia 53:58 arg1 L. 70:71 Salvia hispanica L. 53:71 Salvia hispanica L. 53:71 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 6 46 theme dry 1059:1061 arg1 basis 1063:1067 dry basis 1059:1067 dry basis 1059:1067 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 46 theme dry 1059:1061 arg1 ± 1044:1044 116 ± 1040:1044 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1040:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 5 47 theme mucilage 818:825 arg1 yield 827:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 0 48 theme chia 41:44 arg1 Salvia 53:58 Salvia 53:58 Salvia 53:58 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 0 48 theme chia 41:44 arg1 seeds 46:50 chia seeds 41:50 chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 41:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 3 49 theme mucilage 649:656 arg1 yield 658:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 maximum chia mucilage yield 636:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 50 theme 12-1 588:591 arg1 w/v 599:601 12-1: 40.8 w/v 588:601 12-1: 40.8 w/v 588:601 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 5 51 theme extraction 807:816 arg1 yield 827:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 extraction mucilage yield 807:831 RESULTS A second-order polynomial model predicted the variation in extraction mucilage yield with the variables temperature and seed: water ratio. 29479705 6 52 theme seed 961:964 arg1 ratio 973:977 a seed: water ratio 959:977 a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v) 959:992 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 1 53 theme food 305:308 arg1 industry 310:317 the food industry 301:317 the food industry 301:317 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 8 54 theme functional 1471:1480 arg1 properties 1482:1491 its physicochemical and functional properties 1447:1491 its physicochemical and functional properties 1447:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 0 55 theme extraction 25:34 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) 0:72 Optimization of mucilage extraction from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) using response surface methodology. 29479705 3 56 dep variables 529:537 arg1 variables 529:537 the independent variables 513:537 the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 513:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 56 dep variables 529:537 arg1 1 585:585 1 585:585 1 585:585 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 56 dep variables 529:537 arg1 temperature 539:549 temperature 539:549 temperature (15-85 °C) 539:560 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 56 dep variables 529:537 arg1 °C 558:559 15-85 °C 552:559 15-85 °C 552:559 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 56 dep variables 529:537 arg1 ratio 578:582 seed: water ratio 566:582 seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 566:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 8 57 theme mucilage 1413:1420 arg1 yield 1379:1383 the extraction yield 1364:1383 the extraction yield 1364:1383 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 57 theme mucilage 1413:1420 arg1 quality 1393:1399 the quality 1389:1399 the quality of the chia mucilage 1389:1420 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 6 58 theme operating 899:907 arg1 °C 952:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 58 theme operating 899:907 arg1 conditions 909:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 8 59 theme seed 1275:1278 arg1 time 1308:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 59 theme seed 1275:1278 arg1 variables 1327:1335 important variables 1317:1335 important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1317:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 59 theme seed 1275:1278 arg1 ratio 1287:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 59 theme seed 1275:1278 arg1 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 6 60 theme experimental 1007:1018 arg1 yield 1031:1035 an experimental extraction yield 1004:1035 an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1004:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 7 61 theme activity 1186:1193 arg1 terms 1141:1145 terms 1141:1145 terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability 1141:1217 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 8 62 theme important 1317:1325 arg1 time 1308:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 exudation time 1298:1311 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 62 theme important 1317:1325 arg1 variables 1327:1335 important variables 1317:1335 important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties 1317:1491 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 62 theme important 1317:1325 arg1 ratio 1287:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 seed: water ratio 1275:1291 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 8 62 theme important 1317:1325 arg1 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 temperature 1262:1272 CONCLUSION The results obtained show that temperature, seed: water ratio, and exudation time are important variables of the process that affect the extraction yield and the quality of the chia mucilage, determined according to its physicochemical and functional properties. 29479705 1 63 theme BACKGROUND 110:119 arg1 mucilage 126:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 7 64 theme stability 1209:1217 arg1 terms 1141:1145 terms 1141:1145 terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability 1141:1217 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 4 65 theme central 704:710 arg1 design 732:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 Experiments were designed according to central composite rotatable design. 29479705 3 66 theme water 572:576 arg1 variables 529:537 the independent variables 513:537 the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 513:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 66 theme water 572:576 arg1 1 585:585 1 585:585 1 585:585 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 66 theme water 572:576 arg1 ratio 578:582 seed: water ratio 566:582 seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 566:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 1 67 theme Chia 121:124 arg1 mucilage 126:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage 110:133 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 68 theme extraction 216:225 arg1 yield 227:231 its extraction yield 212:231 its extraction yield 212:231 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 6 69 theme ± 1044:1044 arg1 yield 1031:1035 an experimental extraction yield 1004:1035 an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis) 1004:1068 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 3 70 used used 468:471 arg2 methodology 452:462 response surface methodology 435:462 response surface methodology 435:462 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 2 71 theme mechanical 347:356 arg1 time 368:371 mechanical agitation time 347:371 mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) 347:379 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 2 71 theme mechanical 347:356 arg1 h 378:378 1-3 h 374:378 1-3 h 374:378 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 7 72 theme emulsifying 1174:1184 arg1 activity 1186:1193 emulsifying activity 1174:1193 emulsifying activity 1174:1193 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 3 73 theme response 435:442 arg1 methodology 452:462 response surface methodology 435:462 response surface methodology 435:462 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 7 74 theme water-holding 1150:1162 arg1 capacity 1164:1171 water-holding capacity 1150:1171 water-holding capacity 1150:1171 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 3 75 theme seed 566:569 arg1 variables 529:537 the independent variables 513:537 the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 513:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 75 theme seed 566:569 arg1 1 585:585 1 585:585 1 585:585 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 3 75 theme seed 566:569 arg1 ratio 578:582 seed: water ratio 566:582 seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield 566:662 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 6 76 theme water 967:971 arg1 ratio 973:977 a seed: water ratio 959:977 a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v) 959:992 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 2 77 theme agitation 358:366 arg1 time 368:371 mechanical agitation time 347:371 mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) 347:379 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 2 77 theme agitation 358:366 arg1 h 378:378 1-3 h 374:378 1-3 h 374:378 Thus, first, the effect of mechanical agitation time (1-3 h) on the exudation of chia mucilage was analyzed. 29479705 7 78 theme capacity 1164:1171 arg1 terms 1141:1145 terms 1141:1145 terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability 1141:1217 The mucilage obtained exhibited good functional properties, mainly in terms of water-holding capacity, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. 29479705 3 79 theme 2 612:612 arg1 h 614:614 h 614:614 h 614:614 Then, response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal combination of the independent variables temperature (15-85 °C) and seed: water ratio (1: 12-1: 40.8 w/v) for the 2 h exudation that give maximum chia mucilage yield. 29479705 4 80 theme composite 712:720 arg1 design 732:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 central composite rotatable design 704:737 Experiments were designed according to central composite rotatable design. 29479705 1 81 theme potential 139:147 arg1 ingredient 177:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 a functional ingredient 164:186 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 1 81 theme potential 139:147 arg1 application 149:159 potential application 139:159 potential application 139:159 BACKGROUND Chia mucilage has potential application as a functional ingredient; advances on maximizing its extraction yield could represent a significant technological and economic impact for the food industry. 29479705 6 82 theme temperature 937:947 arg1 °C 952:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 temperature 85 °C 937:953 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 29479705 6 82 theme temperature 937:947 arg1 conditions 909:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions 887:918 The optimal operating conditions were found to be temperature 85 °C and a seed: water ratio of 1: 31 (w/v), reaching an experimental extraction yield of 116 ± 0.21 g kg-1 (dry basis). 30851451 0 0 theme body 84:87 arg1 composition 89:99 body composition 84:99 body composition 84:99 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 1 used used 295:298 arg2 diets 171:175 Three test diets 160:175 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 160:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 2 theme test 166:169 arg1 diets 171:175 Three test diets 160:175 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 160:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 3 theme dabryanus 1136:1144 arg1 enzymes 1060:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 3 theme dabryanus 1136:1144 arg1 responses 1081:1089 antioxidant responses 1069:1089 antioxidant responses 1069:1089 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 3 theme dabryanus 1136:1144 arg1 resistance 1096:1105 resistance 1096:1105 resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus 1096:1144 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 3 theme dabryanus 1136:1144 arg1 performance 1009:1019 the growth performance 998:1019 the growth performance 998:1019 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 3 theme dabryanus 1136:1144 arg1 composition 1027:1037 body composition 1022:1037 body composition 1022:1037 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 4 theme antioxidant 1069:1079 arg1 responses 1081:1089 antioxidant responses 1069:1089 antioxidant responses 1069:1089 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 1 5 theme growth 312:317 arg1 performance 319:329 the growth performance 308:329 the growth performance 308:329 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 2 6 theme basal 476:480 arg1 diet 482:485 A basal diet 474:485 A basal diet without any COs 474:501 A basal diet without any COs served as the control. 30851451 2 6 theme basal 476:480 arg1 control 517:523 the control 513:523 the control 513:523 A basal diet without any COs served as the control. 30851451 3 7 theme body 615:618 arg1 content 628:634 body protein content 615:634 body protein content 615:634 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 1 8 dep loach 443:447 arg1 dabryanus 463:471 loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus 443:471 loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus 443:471 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 9 theme dietary 235:241 arg1 COs 270:272 COs 270:272 COs 270:272 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 9 theme dietary 235:241 arg1 oligosaccharides 252:267 dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 235:267 dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 235:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 4 10 theme maximum 901:907 arg1 growth 909:914 the maximum growth 897:914 the maximum growth of loach 897:923 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 3 11 theme protein 620:626 arg1 content 628:634 body protein content 615:634 body protein content 615:634 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 12 theme CO-containing 831:843 arg1 diets 845:849 CO-containing diets 831:849 CO-containing diets 831:849 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 1 13 theme chitosan 243:250 arg1 COs 270:272 COs 270:272 COs 270:272 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 13 theme chitosan 243:250 arg1 oligosaccharides 252:267 dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 235:267 dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 235:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 3 14 theme acids 668:672 arg1 days 535:538 60 days 532:538 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids 532:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 1 15 theme oligosaccharides 252:267 arg1 levels 204:209 three different levels 188:209 three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 188:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 16 theme body 332:335 arg1 composition 337:347 body composition 332:347 body composition 332:347 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 17 theme nonspecific 105:115 arg1 immunity 117:124 nonspecific immunity 105:124 nonspecific immunity 105:124 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 18 used used 1162:1165 arg2 COs 982:984 dietary COs 974:984 dietary COs 974:984 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 18 used used 1162:1165 arg2 supplement 1177:1186 a diet supplement 1170:1186 a diet supplement for them 1170:1195 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 1 19 theme loach 443:447 arg1 enzymes 370:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 19 theme loach 443:447 arg1 responses 391:399 antioxidant responses 379:399 antioxidant responses 379:399 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 19 theme loach 443:447 arg1 performance 319:329 the growth performance 308:329 the growth performance 308:329 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 19 theme loach 443:447 arg1 composition 337:347 body composition 332:347 body composition 332:347 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 19 theme loach 443:447 arg1 resistance 405:414 resistance 405:414 resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila 405:438 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 20 theme chitosan 8:15 arg1 oligosaccharides 17:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 0:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 0:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 21 theme intestine 1040:1048 arg1 enzymes 1060:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 1 22 theme different 194:202 arg1 levels 204:209 three different levels 188:209 three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 188:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 23 theme Dietary 0:6 arg1 oligosaccharides 17:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 0:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides 0:32 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 24 theme growth 1002:1007 arg1 performance 1009:1019 the growth performance 998:1019 the growth performance 998:1019 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 3 25 theme feeding 543:549 arg1 days 535:538 60 days 532:538 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids 532:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 26 theme content 628:634 arg1 days 535:538 60 days 532:538 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids 532:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 0 27 theme loach 129:133 arg1 growth 47:52 growth 47:52 growth 47:52 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 27 theme loach 129:133 arg1 enzymes 75:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 27 theme loach 129:133 arg1 composition 89:99 body composition 84:99 body composition 84:99 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 27 theme loach 129:133 arg1 immunity 117:124 nonspecific immunity 105:124 nonspecific immunity 105:124 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 28 theme loach 1127:1131 arg1 dabryanus 1136:1144 loach P. dabryanus 1127:1144 loach P. dabryanus 1127:1144 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 4 29 theme dietary 872:878 arg1 COs 880:882 dietary COs 872:882 dietary COs 872:882 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 1 30 theme intestine 350:358 arg1 enzymes 370:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 4 31 theme diet 945:948 arg1 dose 864:867 The optimum dose 852:867 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach 852:923 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 4 31 theme diet 945:948 arg1 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 of the diet 929:948 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 5 32 theme P. 1133:1134 arg1 dabryanus 1136:1144 loach P. dabryanus 1127:1144 loach P. dabryanus 1127:1144 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 1 33 theme digestive 360:368 arg1 enzymes 370:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 intestine digestive enzymes 350:376 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 3 34 theme growth 556:561 arg1 performance 563:573 the growth performance 552:573 the growth performance 552:573 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 35 theme loach 799:803 arg1 dabryanus 808:816 the loach P. dabryanus 795:816 the loach P. dabryanus 795:816 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 5 36 theme body 1022:1025 arg1 composition 1027:1037 body composition 1022:1037 body composition 1022:1037 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 1 37 dep levels 204:209 arg1 5 g kg-1 222:229 5 g kg-1 222:229 5 g kg-1 222:229 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 37 dep levels 204:209 arg1 1 212:212 1 212:212 1 212:212 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 37 dep levels 204:209 arg1 3 215:215 3 215:215 3 215:215 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 0 38 theme intestine 55:63 arg1 enzymes 75:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 4 39 theme optimum 856:862 arg1 dose 864:867 The optimum dose 852:867 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach 852:923 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 4 39 theme optimum 856:862 arg1 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 of the diet 929:948 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 1 40 contain containing 177:186 arg2 levels 204:209 three different levels 188:209 three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 188:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 1 40 contain containing 177:186 arg1 diets 171:175 Three test diets 160:175 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) 160:273 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 5 41 theme dietary 974:980 arg1 supplement 1177:1186 a diet supplement 1170:1186 a diet supplement for them 1170:1195 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 41 theme dietary 974:980 arg1 COs 982:984 dietary COs 974:984 dietary COs 974:984 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 42 theme digestive 1050:1058 arg1 enzymes 1060:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 intestine digestive enzymes 1040:1066 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 4 43 theme COs 880:882 arg1 dose 864:867 The optimum dose 852:867 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach 852:923 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 4 43 theme COs 880:882 arg1 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 929:936 3 g kg-1 of the diet 929:948 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 1 44 theme antioxidant 379:389 arg1 responses 391:399 antioxidant responses 379:399 antioxidant responses 379:399 Three test diets containing three different levels (1, 3, and 5 g kg-1) of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides (COs) were formulated and used to test the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 4 45 theme loach 919:923 arg1 growth 909:914 the maximum growth 897:914 the maximum growth of loach 897:923 The optimum dose of dietary COs required for the maximum growth of loach was 3 g kg-1 of the diet. 30851451 3 46 theme dabryanus 742:750 arg1 responses 687:695 antioxidant responses 675:695 antioxidant responses 675:695 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 46 theme dabryanus 742:750 arg1 resistance 702:711 resistance 702:711 resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus 702:750 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 47 theme fatty 662:666 arg1 acids 668:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 48 theme digestive-enzyme 586:601 arg1 activities 603:612 intestine digestive-enzyme activities 576:612 intestine digestive-enzyme activities 576:612 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 49 theme performance 563:573 arg1 days 535:538 60 days 532:538 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids 532:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 50 theme activities 603:612 arg1 days 535:538 60 days 532:538 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids 532:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 51 theme P. 805:806 arg1 dabryanus 808:816 the loach P. dabryanus 795:816 the loach P. dabryanus 795:816 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 52 theme total 640:644 arg1 acids 668:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 53 theme polyunsaturated 646:660 arg1 acids 668:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 total polyunsaturated fatty acids 640:672 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 0 54 theme digestive 65:73 arg1 enzymes 75:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 intestine digestive enzymes 55:81 Dietary chitosan oligosaccharides modulate the growth, intestine digestive enzymes, body composition and nonspecific immunity of loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. 30851451 3 55 theme antioxidant 675:685 arg1 responses 687:695 antioxidant responses 675:695 antioxidant responses 675:695 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 3 56 theme intestine 576:584 arg1 activities 603:612 intestine digestive-enzyme activities 576:612 intestine digestive-enzyme activities 576:612 After 60 days of feeding, the growth performance, intestine digestive-enzyme activities, body protein content and total polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus were higher than those of the control when the loach P. dabryanus was fed with CO-containing diets. 30851451 5 57 theme diet 1172:1175 arg1 supplement 1177:1186 a diet supplement 1170:1186 a diet supplement for them 1170:1195 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 30851451 5 57 theme diet 1172:1175 arg1 COs 982:984 dietary COs 974:984 dietary COs 974:984 Results indicated that dietary COs can improve the growth performance, body composition, intestine digestive enzymes, antioxidant responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila of loach P. dabryanus and can thus be used as a diet supplement for them. 31247228 0 0 theme tissue 139:144 arg1 engineering 146:156 bone tissue engineering 134:156 bone tissue engineering 134:156 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 5 1 theme compressive 800:810 arg1 strength 812:819 compressive strength 800:819 compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 800:851 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 7 2 with scaffolds 1071:1079 arg1 addition 1086:1093 addition 1086:1093 addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs 1086:1115 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 9 3 theme non-loading 1458:1468 arg1 application 1482:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 0 4 theme bone 134:137 arg1 engineering 146:156 bone tissue engineering 134:156 bone tissue engineering 134:156 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 1 5 theme tumor 212:216 arg1 resections 218:227 tumor resections 212:227 tumor resections 212:227 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 9 6 theme bone 1470:1473 arg1 application 1482:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 8 7 theme gene 1215:1218 arg1 markers 1220:1226 osteogenic gene markers 1204:1226 osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 1204:1270 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 8 7 theme gene 1215:1218 arg1 RUNX2 1236:1240 RUNX2 1236:1240 RUNX2 1236:1240 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 1 8 dep trauma 183:188 arg1 become 234:239 become 234:239 have become a critical clinical challenge 229:269 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 9 9 theme repair 1475:1480 arg1 application 1482:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 non-loading bone repair application 1458:1492 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 8 10 theme osteogenic 1204:1213 arg1 markers 1220:1226 osteogenic gene markers 1204:1226 osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 1204:1270 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 8 10 theme osteogenic 1204:1213 arg1 RUNX2 1236:1240 RUNX2 1236:1240 RUNX2 1236:1240 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 4 11 theme SF-based 670:677 arg1 scaffolds 679:687 all the SF-based scaffolds 662:687 all the SF-based scaffolds 662:687 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 3 12 theme SF/CMCS 577:583 arg1 scaffolds 564:572 the biocomposite scaffolds 547:572 the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp 547:618 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 4 13 theme characterization 625:640 arg1 results 642:648 The characterization results 621:648 The characterization results 621:648 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 3 14 theme strontium 490:498 arg1 Sr-HAp 528:533 Sr-HAp 528:533 Sr-HAp 528:533 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 14 theme strontium 490:498 arg1 hydroxyapatite 512:525 strontium substituted hydroxyapatite 490:525 strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) 490:534 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 2 15 theme promising 341:349 arg1 approach 351:358 a promising approach 339:358 a promising approach for bone regeneration 339:380 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 4 16 theme sponge-like 703:713 arg1 structure 715:723 a porous sponge-like structure 694:723 a porous sponge-like structure with porosities 694:739 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 3 17 theme silk 406:409 arg1 SF 420:421 SF 420:421 SF 420:421 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 17 theme silk 406:409 arg1 fibroin 411:417 silk fibroin 406:417 silk fibroin (SF) 406:422 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 18 used used 401:404 arg2 we 398:399 we 398:399 we 398:399 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 7 19 theme enhanced 1124:1131 arg1 adsorption 1141:1150 enhanced protein adsorption 1124:1150 enhanced protein adsorption 1124:1150 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 3 20 theme carboxymethyl 425:437 arg1 CMCS 449:452 CMCS 449:452 CMCS 449:452 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 20 theme carboxymethyl 425:437 arg1 chitosan 439:446 carboxymethyl chitosan 425:446 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 425:453 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 4 21 theme porous 696:701 arg1 structure 715:723 a porous sponge-like structure 694:723 a porous sponge-like structure with porosities 694:739 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 0 22 theme silk 15:18 arg1 chitosan/strontium 42:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 7 23 theme protein 1133:1139 arg1 adsorption 1141:1150 enhanced protein adsorption 1124:1150 enhanced protein adsorption 1124:1150 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 0 24 theme Biocompatiable 0:13 arg1 chitosan/strontium 42:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 3 25 theme cellulose 456:464 arg1 nanocrystals 466:477 cellulose nanocrystals 456:477 cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 456:484 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 25 theme cellulose 456:464 arg1 CNCs 480:483 CNCs 480:483 CNCs 480:483 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 8 26 theme markers 1220:1226 arg1 expression 1190:1199 higher expression 1183:1199 higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 1183:1270 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 8 27 theme scaffolds 1335:1343 arg1 applicability 1298:1310 the applicability 1294:1310 the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications 1294:1373 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 9 28 contain have 1438:1441 arg2 potential 1445:1453 a potential 1443:1453 a potential 1443:1453 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 9 28 contain have 1438:1441 arg1 scaffolds 1428:1436 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1408:1436 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1408:1436 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 1 29 theme Bone 159:162 arg1 defects 164:170 Bone defects 159:170 Bone defects 159:170 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 7 30 theme ALP 1156:1158 arg1 activity 1160:1167 ALP activity 1156:1167 ALP activity 1156:1167 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 1 31 theme critical 243:250 arg1 challenge 261:269 a critical clinical challenge 241:269 a critical clinical challenge 241:269 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 0 32 theme fibroin/carboxymethyl 20:40 arg1 chitosan/strontium 42:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium 0:59 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 6 33 theme good 1008:1011 arg1 hemocompatibility 1013:1029 a good hemocompatibility 1006:1029 a good hemocompatibility 1006:1029 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 3 34 theme biocomposite 551:562 arg1 scaffolds 564:572 the biocomposite scaffolds 547:572 the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp 547:618 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 4 35 contain have 689:692 arg2 structure 715:723 a porous sponge-like structure 694:723 a porous sponge-like structure with porosities 694:739 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 4 35 contain have 689:692 arg1 scaffolds 679:687 all the SF-based scaffolds 662:687 all the SF-based scaffolds 662:687 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 2 36 theme bone 364:367 arg1 regeneration 369:380 bone regeneration 364:380 bone regeneration 364:380 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 6 37 theme SF-based 964:971 arg1 non-toxic 988:996 non-toxic 988:996 non-toxic 988:996 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 6 37 theme SF-based 964:971 arg1 scaffolds 973:981 All the SF-based scaffolds 956:981 All the SF-based scaffolds 956:981 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 1 38 theme clinical 252:259 arg1 challenge 261:269 a critical clinical challenge 241:269 a critical clinical challenge 241:269 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 0 39 theme hydroxyapatite/cellulose 73:96 arg1 scaffolds 120:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 4 40 with structure 715:723 arg1 porosities 730:739 porosities 730:739 porosities 730:739 The characterization results showed that all the SF-based scaffolds have a porous sponge-like structure with porosities over 80%. 31247228 2 41 theme artificial 298:307 arg1 materials 321:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 5 42 theme SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs 824:842 arg1 scaffold 844:851 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 824:851 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 824:851 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 7 43 theme CNCs 1112:1115 arg1 addition 1086:1093 addition 1086:1093 addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs 1086:1115 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 8 44 theme bone 1349:1352 arg1 applications 1362:1373 bone related applications 1349:1373 bone related applications 1349:1373 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 5 45 theme significant 776:786 arg1 increase 788:795 a significant increase 774:795 a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 774:851 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 0 46 theme composite 110:118 arg1 scaffolds 120:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 5 47 theme lower 934:938 arg1 ratio 949:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 5 48 with porosity 920:927 arg1 ratio 949:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 8 49 theme SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs 1315:1333 arg1 scaffolds 1335:1343 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1315:1343 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1315:1343 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 0 50 theme nanocrystal 98:108 arg1 scaffolds 120:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds 73:128 Biocompatiable silk fibroin/carboxymethyl chitosan/strontium substituted hydroxyapatite/cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31247228 9 51 theme SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs 1408:1426 arg1 scaffolds 1428:1436 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1408:1436 SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds 1408:1436 Hence, this study suggests that SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds have a potential in non-loading bone repair application. 31247228 7 52 theme Sr-HAp 1098:1103 arg1 addition 1086:1093 addition 1086:1093 addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs 1086:1115 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 2 53 theme Biocomposite 272:283 arg1 materials 285:293 Biocomposite materials 272:293 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials 272:329 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 6 54 contain had 1002:1004 arg2 hemocompatibility 1013:1029 a good hemocompatibility 1006:1029 a good hemocompatibility 1006:1029 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 6 54 contain had 1002:1004 arg1 non-toxic 988:996 non-toxic 988:996 non-toxic 988:996 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 6 54 contain had 1002:1004 arg1 scaffolds 973:981 All the SF-based scaffolds 956:981 All the SF-based scaffolds 956:981 All the SF-based scaffolds were non-toxic and had a good hemocompatibility. 31247228 3 55 theme substituted 500:510 arg1 Sr-HAp 528:533 Sr-HAp 528:533 Sr-HAp 528:533 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 3 55 theme substituted 500:510 arg1 hydroxyapatite 512:525 strontium substituted hydroxyapatite 490:525 strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) 490:534 In this study, we used silk fibroin (SF), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and strontium substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) to prepare the biocomposite scaffolds of SF/CMCS, SF/CMCS/CNCs, SF/CMCS/CNCs/Sr-HAp. 31247228 5 56 from increase 788:795 arg1 strength 812:819 compressive strength 800:819 compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 800:851 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 8 57 theme related 1354:1360 arg1 applications 1362:1373 bone related applications 1349:1373 bone related applications 1349:1373 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 7 58 theme SF/CMCS 1049:1055 arg1 scaffold 1057:1064 the SF/CMCS scaffold 1045:1064 the SF/CMCS scaffold 1045:1064 Comparing to the SF/CMCS scaffold, the scaffolds with addition of Sr-HAp and/or CNCs showed enhanced protein adsorption and ALP activity. 31247228 8 59 theme higher 1183:1188 arg1 expression 1190:1199 higher expression 1183:1199 higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 1183:1270 In addition, higher expression of osteogenic gene markers such as RUNX2, ALP, OCN, OPN, BSP and COL-1 further substantiated the applicability of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffolds for bone related applications. 31247228 2 60 theme repair 314:319 arg1 materials 321:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 5 61 theme SF/CMCS 878:884 arg1 scaffolds 886:894 SF/CMCS scaffolds 878:894 SF/CMCS scaffolds 878:894 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 1 62 theme skeletal 191:198 arg1 diseases 200:207 skeletal diseases 191:207 skeletal diseases 191:207 Bone defects arise from trauma, skeletal diseases or tumor resections have become a critical clinical challenge. 31247228 5 63 theme high 915:918 arg1 porosity 920:927 high porosity 915:927 high porosity with lower swelling ratio 915:953 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 5 64 theme scaffold 844:851 arg1 strength 812:819 compressive strength 800:819 compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold 800:851 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31247228 2 65 theme bone 309:312 arg1 materials 321:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 artificial bone repair materials 298:329 Biocomposite materials as artificial bone repair materials provide a promising approach for bone regeneration. 31247228 5 66 theme swelling 940:947 arg1 ratio 949:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 lower swelling ratio 934:953 In addition, there was a significant increase in compressive strength of SF/CMCS/Sr-HAp/CNCs scaffold when compared to that of SF/CMCS scaffolds, while maintaining high porosity with lower swelling ratio. 31075331 1 0 attach derived 120:126 arg2 issues 113:118 the environmental issues 95:118 the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse 95:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 1 0 attach derived 120:126 arg1 use 137:139 the use 133:139 the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse 133:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 1 1 theme plastic 159:165 arg1 use 137:139 the use 133:139 the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse 133:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 7 2 with Films 1004:1008 arg1 content 1027:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 1 3 theme agricultural 350:361 arg1 applications 363:374 agricultural applications 350:374 agricultural applications 350:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 4 4 theme reinforcing 721:731 arg1 agent 733:737 reinforcing agent 721:737 reinforcing agent 721:737 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 8 5 theme eco-compatible 1193:1206 arg1 materials 1231:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials 1193:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1193:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 7 6 theme % 1075:1075 arg1 release 1077:1083 95% release 1073:1083 95% release of the active compound 1073:1106 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 6 7 theme urea 990:993 arg1 content 995:1001 urea content 990:1001 urea content 990:1001 In addition, the material biodegradation rate in soil increased with urea content. 31075331 8 8 from dosage 1250:1255 arg1 soil 1260:1263 soil 1260:1263 soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1260:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 2 9 theme Cassava 377:383 arg1 starch 385:390 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials 377:422 starch 385:390 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 4 10 dep 50 wt 775:779 arg1 to 772:773 to 772:773 to 772:773 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 2 11 theme active 443:448 arg1 compound 450:457 active compound 443:457 active compound 443:457 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 4 12 theme bagasse 700:706 arg1 particles 708:716 cassava bagasse particles 692:716 cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content 692:811 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 1 13 theme fertilizers 171:181 arg1 overuse 183:189 fertilizers overuse 171:189 fertilizers overuse 171:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 7 14 theme 95 1073:1074 arg1 % 1075:1075 % 1075:1075 % 1075:1075 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 1 15 theme overuse 183:189 arg1 use 137:139 the use 133:139 the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse 133:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 0 16 theme cassava 15:21 arg1 films 30:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films 0:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for 0:38 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for fertilizer controlled-release. 31075331 8 17 theme starch-based 1208:1219 arg1 materials 1231:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials 1193:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1193:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 2 18 theme composite 404:412 arg1 materials 414:422 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials 377:422 materials 414:422 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 0 19 theme Eco-compatible 0:13 arg1 films 30:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films 0:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for 0:38 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for fertilizer controlled-release. 31075331 7 20 theme % 1067:1067 arg1 release 1077:1083 95% release 1073:1083 95% release of the active compound 1073:1106 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 7 20 theme % 1067:1067 arg1 loss 1057:1060 a total weight loss 1042:1060 a total weight loss of 57% 1042:1067 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 3 21 theme urea 611:614 arg1 release 616:622 urea release 611:622 urea release 611:622 Moreover, their biodegradation rate and urea release in soil were also assessed. 31075331 3 22 from release 616:622 arg1 soil 627:630 soil 627:630 soil 627:630 Moreover, their biodegradation rate and urea release in soil were also assessed. 31075331 2 23 theme bagasse 396:402 arg1 materials 414:422 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials 377:422 materials 414:422 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 1 24 theme fertilizer 271:280 arg1 films 340:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films 269:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 269:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 1 25 theme environmental 99:111 arg1 issues 113:118 the environmental issues 95:118 the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse 95:189 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 5 26 theme effective 835:843 arg1 Urea 814:817 Urea 814:817 Urea 814:817 Urea proved to be an effective plasticizer of the matrix and films became more flexible with storage time. 31075331 5 26 theme effective 835:843 arg1 plasticizer 845:855 an effective plasticizer 832:855 an effective plasticizer of the matrix 832:869 Urea proved to be an effective plasticizer of the matrix and films became more flexible with storage time. 31075331 0 27 theme starch 23:28 arg1 films 30:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films 0:34 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for 0:38 Eco-compatible cassava starch films for fertilizer controlled-release. 31075331 1 28 theme controlled-release 282:299 arg1 films 340:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films 269:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 269:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 6 29 from rate 962:965 arg1 soil 970:973 soil 970:973 soil 970:973 In addition, the material biodegradation rate in soil increased with urea content. 31075331 5 30 theme storage 907:913 arg1 time 915:918 storage time 907:918 storage time 907:918 Urea proved to be an effective plasticizer of the matrix and films became more flexible with storage time. 31075331 1 31 theme irreversible 200:211 arg1 pollution 218:226 irreversible soil pollution 200:226 irreversible soil pollution 200:226 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 7 32 theme total 1044:1048 arg1 loss 1057:1060 a total weight loss 1042:1060 a total weight loss of 57% 1042:1067 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 4 33 theme cassava 672:678 arg1 starch 680:685 cassava starch 672:685 cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content 672:811 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 8 34 theme materials 1231:1239 arg1 design 1183:1188 the design 1179:1188 the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1179:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 4 35 theme cassava 692:698 arg1 particles 708:716 cassava bagasse particles 692:716 cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content 692:811 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 1 36 theme soil 213:216 arg1 pollution 218:226 irreversible soil pollution 200:226 irreversible soil pollution 200:226 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 5 37 theme matrix 864:869 arg1 Urea 814:817 Urea 814:817 Urea 814:817 Urea proved to be an effective plasticizer of the matrix and films became more flexible with storage time. 31075331 5 37 theme matrix 864:869 arg1 plasticizer 845:855 an effective plasticizer 832:855 an effective plasticizer of the matrix 832:869 Urea proved to be an effective plasticizer of the matrix and films became more flexible with storage time. 31075331 1 38 theme bio-based 302:310 arg1 films 340:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films 269:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 269:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 7 39 theme weight 1050:1055 arg1 loss 1057:1060 a total weight loss 1042:1060 a total weight loss of 57% 1042:1067 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 7 40 theme 50 wt 1015:1019 arg1 content 1027:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 8 41 theme urea 1245:1248 arg1 dosage 1250:1255 urea dosage 1245:1255 urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1245:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 7 42 theme active 1092:1097 arg1 compound 1099:1106 the active compound 1088:1106 the active compound 1088:1106 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 6 43 theme biodegradation 947:960 arg1 rate 962:965 the material biodegradation rate 934:965 the material biodegradation rate in soil 934:973 In addition, the material biodegradation rate in soil increased with urea content. 31075331 2 44 contain containing 424:433 arg1 starch 385:390 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials 377:422 starch 385:390 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 2 44 contain containing 424:433 arg2 urea 435:438 urea 435:438 urea 435:438 Cassava starch and bagasse composite materials containing urea as active compound and plasticizer were prepared to achieve this purpose, analyzing their properties and stability during storage. 31075331 7 45 theme % 1020:1020 arg1 content 1027:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 4 46 theme urea 743:746 arg1 contents 748:755 urea contents 743:755 urea contents 743:755 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 7 47 theme compound 1099:1106 arg1 release 1077:1083 95% release 1073:1083 95% release of the active compound 1073:1106 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 7 47 theme compound 1099:1106 arg1 loss 1057:1060 a total weight loss 1042:1060 a total weight loss of 57% 1042:1067 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 1 48 theme biodegradable 316:328 arg1 films 340:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films 269:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 269:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 1 49 theme composite 330:338 arg1 films 340:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films 269:344 a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 269:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 7 50 theme urea 1022:1025 arg1 content 1027:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 50 wt% urea content 1015:1033 Films with 50 wt% urea content showed a total weight loss of 57% and 95% release of the active compound after 15 days. 31075331 8 51 theme composite 1221:1229 arg1 materials 1231:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials 1193:1239 eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse 1193:1299 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 3 52 theme biodegradation 587:600 arg1 rate 602:605 biodegradation rate 587:605 biodegradation rate 587:605 Moreover, their biodegradation rate and urea release in soil were also assessed. 31075331 4 53 theme starch 798:803 arg1 content 805:811 starch content 798:811 starch content 798:811 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 4 54 with starch 680:685 arg1 particles 708:716 cassava bagasse particles 692:716 cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content 692:811 Films were based on cassava starch with cassava bagasse particles as reinforcing agent and urea contents ranging from 0 to 50 wt% with respect to starch content. 31075331 8 55 theme cassava 1274:1280 arg1 starch 1282:1287 cassava starch 1274:1287 cassava starch 1274:1287 The results indicate that this approach is adequate for the design of eco-compatible starch-based composite materials for urea dosage in soil based on cassava starch and bagasse. 31075331 3 56 from rate 602:605 arg1 soil 627:630 soil 627:630 soil 627:630 Moreover, their biodegradation rate and urea release in soil were also assessed. 31075331 1 57 theme films 340:344 arg1 development 254:264 the development 250:264 the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications 250:374 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 1 58 theme non-degradable 144:157 arg1 plastic 159:165 non-degradable plastic 144:165 non-degradable plastic 144:165 As an attempt to tackle the environmental issues derived from the use of non-degradable plastic and fertilizers overuse, such as irreversible soil pollution, this work focuses on the development of a fertilizer controlled-release, bio-based and biodegradable composite films for agricultural applications. 31075331 6 59 theme material 938:945 arg1 rate 962:965 the material biodegradation rate 934:965 the material biodegradation rate in soil 934:973 In addition, the material biodegradation rate in soil increased with urea content. 31118468 0 0 theme levan- 92:97 arg1 fructooligosaccharides 115:136 levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides 92:136 levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 92:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 1 1 theme medicine 350:357 arg1 " 358:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 2 dep subject 314:320 arg1 such 256:259 such 256:259 such 256:259 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 3 theme " 358:358 arg1 subject 314:320 the subject 310:320 the subject of the so-called "precision medicine" 310:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 3 theme " 358:358 arg1 interplay 286:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 9 4 theme wild-type 1670:1678 arg1 enzyme 1680:1685 the wild-type enzyme 1666:1685 the wild-type enzyme 1666:1685 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 1 5 theme gut 186:188 arg1 composition 201:211 the gut microbiome composition 182:211 the gut microbiome composition 182:211 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 5 6 from low- 998:1001 arg1 enzymes 1025:1031 enzymes 1025:1031 enzymes of the levansucrase family 1025:1058 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 1 7 theme host-microbiome 270:284 arg1 subject 314:320 the subject 310:320 the subject of the so-called "precision medicine" 310:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 7 theme host-microbiome 270:284 arg1 interplay 286:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 0 8 theme inulin-type 103:113 arg1 fructooligosaccharides 115:136 levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides 92:136 levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 92:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 10 9 from effect 1740:1745 arg1 specificity 1788:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 The effect of mutations on the levansucrase product specificity is discussed. 31118468 4 10 theme residues 855:862 arg1 vicinity 843:850 the vicinity 839:850 the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization 839:891 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 3 11 theme small 575:579 arg1 library 581:587 a small library 573:587 a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 573:632 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 3 12 theme Bacillus 592:599 arg1 variants 625:632 Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 592:632 Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 592:632 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 4 13 located located 828:834 arg1 vicinity 843:850 the vicinity 839:850 the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization 839:891 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 4 13 located located 828:834 arg2 F419 751:754 F419 751:754 F419 751:754 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 4 13 located located 828:834 arg2 part 774:777 part 774:777 part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 774:819 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 4 13 located located 828:834 arg2 positions 726:734 positions R370, K373 and F419 726:754 positions 726:734 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 7 14 theme levan-type 1213:1222 arg1 oligosaccharides 1224:1239 levan-type oligosaccharides 1213:1239 levan-type oligosaccharides 1213:1239 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 7 15 from R370 1161:1164 arg1 changes 1150:1156 changes 1150:1156 changes at R370 1150:1164 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 4 16 from located 828:834 arg1 vicinity 843:850 the vicinity 839:850 the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization 839:891 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 9 17 theme 37- 1588:1590 arg1 yields 1612:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields 1588:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose 1588:1644 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 10 18 theme product 1780:1786 arg1 specificity 1788:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 The effect of mutations on the levansucrase product specificity is discussed. 31118468 4 19 theme pathway 813:819 arg1 part 774:777 part 774:777 part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 774:819 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 4 19 theme pathway 813:819 arg1 F419 751:754 F419 751:754 F419 751:754 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 4 19 theme pathway 813:819 arg1 positions 726:734 positions R370, K373 and F419 726:754 positions 726:734 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 1 20 theme microbiome 190:199 arg1 composition 201:211 the gut microbiome composition 182:211 the gut microbiome composition 182:211 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 0 21 theme fructooligosaccharides 115:136 arg1 production 78:87 the production 74:87 the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 74:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 4 22 theme elongation 802:811 arg1 pathway 813:819 the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 782:819 the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 782:819 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 5 23 from enzymes 1025:1031 arg1 low- 998:1001 low- 998:1001 low- 998:1001 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 5 24 theme amino 900:904 arg1 acids 906:910 These amino acids 894:910 These amino acids 894:910 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 0 25 with fructooligosaccharides 115:136 arg1 levansucrase 145:156 a levansucrase 143:156 a levansucrase 143:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 8 26 theme levan-type 1412:1421 arg1 tri- 1423:1426 levan-type tri- 1412:1426 levan-type tri- 1412:1426 Although variants retaining the native R370 produced efficiently levan-type tri-, tetra- and pentasaccharides, their capacity to elongate these FOS was hampered by including the mutation K373H or K373L. 31118468 10 27 theme levansucrase 1767:1778 arg1 specificity 1788:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 the levansucrase product specificity 1763:1798 The effect of mutations on the levansucrase product specificity is discussed. 31118468 7 28 theme levansucrase 1177:1188 arg1 capacity 1190:1197 the levansucrase capacity 1173:1197 the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1173:1344 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 1 29 from present 302:308 arg1 subject 314:320 the subject 310:320 the subject of the so-called "precision medicine" 310:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 29 from present 302:308 arg1 interplay 286:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 the host-microbiome interplay 266:294 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 3 30 theme levansucrase 612:623 arg1 variants 625:632 Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 592:632 Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 592:632 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 4 31 theme oligosaccharide 786:800 arg1 pathway 813:819 the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 782:819 the oligosaccharide elongation pathway 782:819 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 1 32 theme human 217:221 arg1 health 223:228 human health 217:228 human health 217:228 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 9 33 theme catalytic 1716:1724 arg1 activity 1726:1733 a similar catalytic activity 1706:1733 a similar catalytic activity 1706:1733 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 9 34 theme higher 1605:1610 arg1 yields 1612:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields 1588:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose 1588:1644 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 7 35 theme sugar 1330:1334 arg1 1-kestose 1336:1344 the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1314:1344 the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1314:1344 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 0 36 theme sequence 14:21 arg1 variability 23:33 the sequence variability 10:33 the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 10:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 0 37 theme a 143:143 arg1 levansucrase 145:156 a levansucrase 143:156 a levansucrase 143:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 3 38 theme FOS 688:690 arg1 synthesis 652:660 the synthesis 648:660 the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS 648:690 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 2 39 theme Non-digestible 361:374 arg1 fructooligosaccharides 376:397 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides 361:397 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) 361:403 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 2 39 theme Non-digestible 361:374 arg1 FOS 400:402 FOS 400:402 FOS 400:402 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 3 40 from focus 639:643 arg1 synthesis 652:660 the synthesis 648:660 the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS 648:690 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 0 41 theme polymerization-involved 38:60 arg1 residues 62:69 polymerization-involved residues 38:69 polymerization-involved residues 38:69 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 7 42 theme inulin-like 1318:1328 arg1 1-kestose 1336:1344 the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1314:1344 the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1314:1344 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 9 43 theme similar 1708:1714 arg1 activity 1726:1733 a similar catalytic activity 1706:1733 a similar catalytic activity 1706:1733 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 5 44 theme family 1053:1058 arg1 enzymes 1025:1031 enzymes 1025:1031 enzymes of the levansucrase family 1025:1058 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 9 45 theme 6-kestose 1622:1630 arg1 yields 1612:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields 1588:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose 1588:1644 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 2 46 theme microbiome-linked 534:550 arg1 diseases 552:559 microbiome-linked diseases 534:559 microbiome-linked diseases 534:559 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 10 47 theme mutations 1750:1758 arg1 effect 1740:1745 The effect 1736:1745 The effect of mutations on the levansucrase product specificity 1736:1798 The effect of mutations on the levansucrase product specificity is discussed. 31118468 8 48 theme native 1379:1384 arg1 R370 1386:1389 the native R370 1375:1389 the native R370 1375:1389 Although variants retaining the native R370 produced efficiently levan-type tri-, tetra- and pentasaccharides, their capacity to elongate these FOS was hampered by including the mutation K373H or K373L. 31118468 3 49 theme inulin-type 676:686 arg1 FOS 688:690 levan- and inulin-type FOS 665:690 levan- and inulin-type FOS 665:690 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 3 50 theme variants 625:632 arg1 library 581:587 a small library 573:587 a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants 573:632 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 5 51 theme different 942:950 arg1 characteristics 952:966 different characteristics 942:966 different characteristics 942:966 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 0 52 theme residues 62:69 arg1 variability 23:33 the sequence variability 10:33 the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 10:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 1 53 theme so-called 329:337 arg1 " 358:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 1 54 theme precision 340:348 arg1 " 358:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 the so-called "precision medicine" 325:358 The connection between the gut microbiome composition and human health has long been recognized, such that the host-microbiome interplay is at present the subject of the so-called "precision medicine". 31118468 2 55 theme central 487:493 arg1 place 495:499 a central place 485:499 a central place 485:499 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 9 56 theme 6-nystose 1636:1644 arg1 yields 1612:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields 1588:1617 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose 1588:1644 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 4 57 from vicinity 843:850 arg1 located 828:834 located 828:834 located 828:834 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 5 58 theme characteristics 952:966 arg1 residues 930:937 residues 930:937 residues of different characteristics 930:966 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 5 58 theme characteristics 952:966 arg1 characteristics 952:966 different characteristics 942:966 different characteristics 942:966 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 7 59 theme product 1274:1280 arg1 specificity 1282:1292 the product specificity 1270:1292 the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose 1270:1344 However, changes at R370 abated the levansucrase capacity to synthesize levan-type oligosaccharides, with some mutations turning the product specificity towards neo-FOS and the inulin-like sugar 1-kestose. 31118468 5 60 dep low- 998:1001 arg1 Hydrolase 1071:1079 Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68 1061:1088 Hydrolase 1071:1079 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 4 61 dep positions 726:734 arg1 K373 742:745 K373 742:745 K373 742:745 Modifications were introduced at positions R370, K373 and F419, which are either part of the oligosaccharide elongation pathway or are located in the vicinity of residues that modulate polymerization. 31118468 8 62 theme mutation 1525:1532 arg1 K373H 1534:1538 the mutation K373H 1521:1538 the mutation K373H 1521:1538 Although variants retaining the native R370 produced efficiently levan-type tri-, tetra- and pentasaccharides, their capacity to elongate these FOS was hampered by including the mutation K373H or K373L. 31118468 3 63 theme levan- 665:670 arg1 FOS 688:690 levan- and inulin-type FOS 665:690 levan- and inulin-type FOS 665:690 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 31118468 6 64 theme minor 1114:1118 arg1 role 1120:1123 a minor role 1112:1123 a minor role 1112:1123 F419 seemed to play a minor role in FOS binding. 31118468 6 65 theme FOS 1128:1130 arg1 binding 1132:1138 FOS binding 1128:1138 FOS binding 1128:1138 F419 seemed to play a minor role in FOS binding. 31118468 2 66 theme microbial 422:430 arg1 composition 432:442 the microbial composition 418:442 the microbial composition 418:442 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 5 67 theme Glycoside 1061:1069 arg1 Hydrolase 1071:1079 Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68 1061:1088 Hydrolase 1071:1079 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 2 68 link microbiome-linked 534:550 arg1 diseases 552:559 microbiome-linked diseases 534:559 microbiome-linked diseases 534:559 Non-digestible fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can modulate the microbial composition and therefore their consumption occupies a central place in a strategy seeking to reverse microbiome-linked diseases. 31118468 9 69 theme Mutant 1550:1555 arg1 K373H 1557:1561 Mutant K373H 1550:1561 Mutant K373H 1550:1561 Mutant K373H, for instance, generated 37- and 5.6-fold higher yields of 6-kestose and 6-nystose, respectively, than the wild-type enzyme, while maintaining a similar catalytic activity. 31118468 0 70 from variability 23:33 arg1 production 78:87 the production 74:87 the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase 74:156 Exploring the sequence variability of polymerization-involved residues in the production of levan- and inulin-type fructooligosaccharides with a levansucrase. 31118468 5 71 theme levansucrase 1040:1051 arg1 family 1053:1058 the levansucrase family 1036:1058 the levansucrase family 1036:1058 These amino acids were exchanged by residues of different characteristics, some of them being extremely low- or non-represented in enzymes of the levansucrase family (Glycoside Hydrolase 68, GH68). 31118468 3 72 dep Bacillus 592:599 arg1 megaterium 601:610 megaterium 601:610 megaterium 601:610 We created a small library of Bacillus megaterium levansucrase variants with focus on the synthesis of levan- and inulin-type FOS. 29804973 5 0 theme carbonates 800:809 arg1 incorporation 775:787 The incorporation 771:787 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks 771:832 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 5 0 theme carbonates 800:809 arg1 able 838:841 able 838:841 able 838:841 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 2 1 theme calcium 331:337 arg1 hydrogels 348:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 3 2 theme high 514:517 arg1 purity 519:524 high purity 514:524 high purity 514:524 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 1 3 theme bone 263:266 arg1 structure 250:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure 220:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 220:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 6 4 theme bone 1099:1102 arg1 engineering 1111:1121 bone tissue engineering 1099:1121 bone tissue engineering 1099:1121 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 4 5 theme different 602:610 arg1 types 612:616 Three different types 596:616 Three different types of alginates 596:629 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 29804973 4 6 theme cell 756:759 arg1 behavior 761:768 cell behavior 756:768 cell behavior 756:768 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 29804973 3 7 theme calcium 483:489 arg1 particles 501:509 calcium carbonate particles 483:509 calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material 483:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 5 8 theme osteoblastic 894:905 arg1 differentiation 907:921 osteoblastic differentiation 894:921 osteoblastic differentiation 894:921 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 2 9 theme hydrogels 348:356 arg1 development 304:314 the development 300:314 the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 300:356 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 6 10 theme tissue 1104:1109 arg1 engineering 1111:1121 bone tissue engineering 1099:1121 bone tissue engineering 1099:1121 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 3 11 theme complex 530:536 arg1 micro 538:542 complex micro 530:542 complex micro 530:542 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 2 12 theme derived 384:390 arg1 particles 421:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 2 13 theme carbonate 400:408 arg1 particles 421:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 6 14 theme carbonate 1040:1048 arg1 origin 1050:1055 the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin 1010:1055 the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin 1010:1055 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 3 15 theme novel 444:448 arg1 approach 450:457 a novel approach 442:457 a novel approach 442:457 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 2 16 theme present 273:279 arg1 work 281:284 The present work 269:284 The present work 269:284 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 3 17 theme carbonate 491:499 arg1 particles 501:509 calcium carbonate particles 483:509 calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material 483:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 2 18 theme calcium 392:398 arg1 carbonate 400:408 calcium carbonate 392:408 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 0 19 theme alginate 12:19 arg1 hydrogels 21:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels 0:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels 0:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 6 20 theme alginate 1014:1021 arg1 type 1023:1026 alginate type 1014:1026 alginate type 1014:1026 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 1 21 theme new 175:177 arg1 materials 189:197 new composite materials 175:197 new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 175:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 0 22 theme Mineralized 0:10 arg1 hydrogels 21:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels 0:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels 0:29 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 6 23 theme calcium 1032:1038 arg1 carbonate 1040:1048 calcium carbonate 1032:1048 calcium carbonate 1032:1048 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 3 24 theme source 579:584 arg1 material 586:593 the source material 575:593 the source material 575:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 1 25 theme composite 179:187 arg1 materials 189:197 new composite materials 175:197 new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 175:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 5 26 theme extracellular 854:866 arg1 mineralization 875:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 3 27 theme dependent 562:570 arg1 particles 501:509 calcium carbonate particles 483:509 calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material 483:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 1 28 theme materials 189:197 arg1 development 160:170 the development 156:170 the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 156:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 5 29 theme matrix 868:873 arg1 mineralization 875:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 6 30 theme type 1023:1026 arg1 origin 1050:1055 the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin 1010:1055 the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin 1010:1055 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 2 31 link derived 384:390 arg1 particles 421:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 6 32 theme mechanical 1144:1153 arg1 properties 1155:1164 the mechanical properties 1140:1164 the mechanical properties 1140:1164 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 4 33 theme alginate 706:713 arg1 composition 715:725 alginate composition 706:725 alginate composition 706:725 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 29804973 5 34 theme alginate 816:823 arg1 networks 825:832 alginate networks 816:832 alginate networks 816:832 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 2 35 theme alginate 339:346 arg1 hydrogels 348:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 4 36 theme inorganic/organic 656:672 arg1 scaffolds 674:682 inorganic/organic scaffolds 656:682 inorganic/organic scaffolds 656:682 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 29804973 2 37 theme marine 377:382 arg1 particles 421:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 2 38 theme particles 421:429 arg1 addition 365:372 the addition 361:372 the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 361:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 0 39 theme marine 37:42 arg1 carbonates 44:53 marine carbonates 37:53 marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications 37:94 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 5 40 theme stem 938:941 arg1 cells 943:947 mesenchymal stem cells 926:947 mesenchymal stem cells 926:947 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 2 41 theme biomineral 410:419 arg1 particles 421:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles 377:429 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 0 42 theme bone 59:62 arg1 applications 83:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 5 43 theme calcium 792:798 arg1 carbonates 800:809 calcium carbonates 792:809 calcium carbonates 792:809 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 6 44 theme cell 1170:1173 arg1 differentiation 1175:1189 cell differentiation 1170:1189 cell differentiation 1170:1189 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 1 45 theme ideal 115:119 arg1 replacement 133:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 1 46 theme bone 121:124 arg1 replacement 133:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 6 47 theme adequate 1078:1085 arg1 systems 1087:1093 adequate systems 1078:1093 adequate systems for bone tissue engineering 1078:1121 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 1 48 theme tissue 126:131 arg1 replacement 133:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 an ideal bone tissue replacement 112:143 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 5 49 theme cells 943:947 arg1 mineralization 875:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 extracellular matrix mineralization 854:888 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 5 49 theme cells 943:947 arg1 differentiation 907:921 osteoblastic differentiation 894:921 osteoblastic differentiation 894:921 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 6 50 theme origin 1050:1055 arg1 crucial 1060:1066 crucial 1060:1066 crucial 1060:1066 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 6 50 theme origin 1050:1055 arg1 selection 997:1005 the selection 993:1005 the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin 993:1055 We demonstrated that the selection of the alginate type and calcium carbonate origin is crucial to obtain adequate systems for bone tissue engineering as they modulate the mechanical properties and cell differentiation. 29804973 3 51 theme micro 538:542 arg1 particles 501:509 calcium carbonate particles 483:509 calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material 483:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 2 52 theme mineralized 319:329 arg1 hydrogels 348:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels 319:356 The present work is focused on the development of mineralized calcium alginate hydrogels by the addition of marine derived calcium carbonate biomineral particles. 29804973 1 53 theme complex 224:230 arg1 structure 250:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure 220:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 220:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 0 54 theme engineering 71:81 arg1 applications 83:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 3 55 theme purity 519:524 arg1 particles 501:509 calcium carbonate particles 483:509 calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material 483:593 Following a novel approach, we were able to obtain calcium carbonate particles of high purity and complex micro and nanostructure dependent on the source material. 29804973 5 56 theme mesenchymal 926:936 arg1 cells 943:947 mesenchymal stem cells 926:947 mesenchymal stem cells 926:947 The incorporation of calcium carbonates into alginate networks was able to promote extracellular matrix mineralization and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells when added at 7 mg/ml. 29804973 1 57 theme inorganic/organic 232:248 arg1 structure 250:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure 220:258 the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone 220:266 The search for an ideal bone tissue replacement has led to the development of new composite materials designed to simulate the complex inorganic/organic structure of bone. 29804973 0 58 theme tissue 64:69 arg1 applications 83:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 bone tissue engineering applications 59:94 Mineralized alginate hydrogels using marine carbonates for bone tissue engineering applications. 29804973 4 59 theme alginates 621:629 arg1 types 612:616 Three different types 596:616 Three different types of alginates 596:629 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 29804973 4 60 theme scaffold 732:739 arg1 properties 741:750 scaffold properties 732:750 scaffold properties 732:750 Three different types of alginates were selected to develop inorganic/organic scaffolds in order to correlate alginate composition with scaffold properties and cell behavior. 31709600 1 0 theme physiology 294:303 arg1 understanding 277:289 our understanding 273:289 our understanding of physiology and disease 273:315 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 4 1 theme juvenile 922:929 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 1 theme juvenile 922:929 arg1 cartilage 931:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 6 2 theme relative 1243:1250 arg1 responses 1252:1260 relative responses 1243:1260 relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment 1243:1302 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 3 3 from Changes 557:563 arg1 content 573:579 sGAG content 568:579 sGAG content 568:579 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 2 4 theme osmotic 323:329 arg1 stress 340:345 This osmotic swelling stress 318:345 This osmotic swelling stress 318:345 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 1 5 theme disease 309:315 arg1 understanding 277:289 our understanding 273:289 our understanding of physiology and disease 273:315 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 4 6 theme juvenile 889:896 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 6 theme juvenile 889:896 arg1 meniscus 908:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 1 7 theme articular 201:209 arg1 cartilage 211:219 articular cartilage 201:219 articular cartilage 201:219 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 4 8 theme adult 902:906 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 8 theme adult 902:906 arg1 meniscus 908:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 9 theme time-varying 701:712 arg1 effects 714:720 the time-varying effects 697:720 the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 697:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 1 10 theme fibrocartilage 234:247 arg1 stress 191:196 the osmotic swelling stress 170:196 the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 170:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 7 11 theme tissue 1626:1631 arg1 types 1633:1637 native tissue types 1619:1637 native tissue types 1619:1637 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 3 12 theme joint 640:644 arg1 disease 646:652 degenerative joint disease 627:652 degenerative joint disease 627:652 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 8 13 theme © 1772:1772 arg1 Research 1791:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research 1772:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 1772:1807 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 31709600 6 14 theme osmotic 1284:1290 arg1 environment 1292:1302 the osmotic environment 1280:1302 the osmotic environment 1280:1302 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 8 15 theme Orthopaedic 1779:1789 arg1 Research 1791:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research 1772:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 1772:1807 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 31709600 1 16 theme tissue 148:153 arg1 composition 155:165 tissue composition 148:165 tissue composition 148:165 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 7 17 theme sGAG 1751:1754 arg1 concentrations 1756:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 7 18 theme collagen 1594:1601 arg1 contents 1603:1610 collagen contents 1594:1610 collagen contents 1594:1610 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 4 19 theme confined 761:768 arg1 behavior 791:798 the confined compression swelling behavior 757:798 the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 757:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 5 20 theme compressive 1097:1107 arg1 offsets 1109:1115 three compressive offsets 1091:1115 three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) 1091:1140 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 3 21 theme such 661:664 arg1 interactions 666:677 such interactions 661:677 such interactions 661:677 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 2 22 theme interstitial 537:548 arg1 fluid 550:554 the ionic interstitial fluid 527:554 the ionic interstitial fluid 527:554 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 5 23 from changes 1018:1024 arg1 conditions 1034:1043 bath conditions 1029:1043 bath conditions 1029:1043 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 24 theme 15 1130:1131 arg1 % 1132:1132 % 1132:1132 % 1132:1132 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 1 25 theme osmotic 174:180 arg1 stress 191:196 the osmotic swelling stress 170:196 the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 170:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 7 26 theme tissue 1725:1730 arg1 types 1732:1736 tissue types 1725:1736 tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations 1725:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 4 27 theme osmotic 733:739 arg1 environments 741:752 altered osmotic environments 725:752 altered osmotic environments 725:752 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 0 28 theme Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan 82:107 arg1 Contents 109:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 5 29 dep conditions 1164:1173 arg1 saline 1212:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 29 dep conditions 1164:1173 arg1 conditions 1164:1173 three bath conditions 1153:1173 three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline) 1153:1218 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 29 dep conditions 1164:1173 arg1 1X 1182:1183 1X 1182:1183 1X 1182:1183 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 29 dep conditions 1164:1173 arg1 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 4 30 theme tissues 810:816 arg1 behavior 791:798 the confined compression swelling behavior 757:798 the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 757:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 5 31 theme bath 1029:1032 arg1 conditions 1034:1043 bath conditions 1029:1043 bath conditions 1029:1043 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 7 32 theme composition-function 1672:1691 arg1 relationships 1693:1705 composition-function relationships 1672:1705 composition-function relationships 1672:1705 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 2 33 theme glycosaminoglycan 491:507 arg1 chains 516:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 4 34 theme swelling 782:789 arg1 behavior 791:798 the confined compression swelling behavior 757:798 the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 757:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 0 35 theme Osmotic 0:6 arg1 Responses 17:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses 0:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses 0:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 5 36 theme bath 1159:1162 arg1 conditions 1164:1173 three bath conditions 1153:1173 three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline) 1153:1218 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 36 theme bath 1159:1162 arg1 saline 1212:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 36 theme bath 1159:1162 arg1 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 37 theme offsets 1109:1115 arg1 conditions 1164:1173 three bath conditions 1153:1173 three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline) 1153:1218 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 37 theme offsets 1109:1115 arg1 offsets 1109:1115 three compressive offsets 1091:1115 three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) 1091:1140 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 37 theme offsets 1109:1115 arg1 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 37 theme offsets 1109:1115 arg1 saline 1212:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 37 theme offsets 1109:1115 arg1 one 1084:1086 one 1084:1086 one 1084:1086 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 2 38 theme charged 474:480 arg1 chains 516:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 7 39 theme aggregate 1529:1537 arg1 modulus 1539:1545 aggregate modulus 1529:1545 aggregate modulus 1529:1545 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 4 40 theme juvenile 859:866 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 40 theme juvenile 859:866 arg1 cartilage 878:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 2 41 theme sGAG 510:513 arg1 chains 516:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 0 42 theme Cartilaginous 48:60 arg1 Tissues 62:68 Cartilaginous Tissues 48:68 Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 48:116 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 2 43 theme load-bearing 367:378 arg1 capability 380:389 the load-bearing capability 363:389 the load-bearing capability of both tissues 363:405 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 1 44 from influence 135:143 arg1 stress 191:196 the osmotic swelling stress 170:196 the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 170:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 5 45 theme 10X phosphate-buffered 1189:1210 arg1 saline 1212:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 45 theme 10X phosphate-buffered 1189:1210 arg1 conditions 1164:1173 three bath conditions 1153:1173 three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline) 1153:1218 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 4 46 theme concentrations 843:856 arg1 range 829:833 a range 827:833 a range of sGAG concentrations 827:856 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 2 47 theme tissues 399:405 arg1 capability 380:389 the load-bearing capability 363:389 the load-bearing capability of both tissues 363:405 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 6 48 theme native 1455:1460 arg1 behaviors 1471:1479 the native swelling behaviors 1451:1479 the native swelling behaviors 1451:1479 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 5 49 dep offsets 1109:1115 arg1 strain 1134:1139 15% strain 1130:1139 15% strain 1130:1139 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 49 dep offsets 1109:1115 arg1 % 1119:1119 5% 1118:1119 5% 1118:1119 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 49 dep offsets 1109:1115 arg1 % 1124:1124 10% 1122:1124 10% 1122:1124 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 2 50 theme swelling 331:338 arg1 stress 340:345 This osmotic swelling stress 318:345 This osmotic swelling stress 318:345 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 4 51 from effects 714:720 arg1 behavior 791:798 the confined compression swelling behavior 757:798 the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 757:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 52 dep tissues 810:816 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 52 dep tissues 810:816 arg1 cartilage 931:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 52 dep tissues 810:816 arg1 meniscus 908:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 52 dep tissues 810:816 arg1 cartilage 878:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 3 53 theme sGAG 568:571 arg1 content 573:579 sGAG content 568:579 sGAG content 568:579 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 6 54 theme degraded 1356:1363 arg1 cartilage 1374:1382 degraded juvenile cartilage 1356:1382 degraded juvenile cartilage 1356:1382 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 1 55 theme cartilage 211:219 arg1 stress 191:196 the osmotic swelling stress 170:196 the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 170:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 6 56 theme native 1326:1331 arg1 tissues 1333:1339 native tissues 1326:1339 native tissues 1326:1339 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 1 57 theme meniscus 225:232 arg1 fibrocartilage 234:247 meniscus fibrocartilage 225:247 meniscus fibrocartilage 225:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 7 58 theme native 1619:1624 arg1 types 1633:1637 native tissue types 1619:1637 native tissue types 1619:1637 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 3 59 theme degenerative 627:638 arg1 disease 646:652 degenerative joint disease 627:652 degenerative joint disease 627:652 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 4 60 theme sGAG 978:981 arg1 content 983:989 its sGAG content 974:989 its sGAG content 974:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 7 61 with types 1732:1736 arg1 concentrations 1756:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 4 62 theme environments 741:752 arg1 effects 714:720 the time-varying effects 697:720 the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 697:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 8 63 theme 2019 1774:1777 arg1 Research 1791:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research 1772:1798 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 1772:1807 © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. 31709600 1 64 theme composition 155:165 arg1 influence 135:143 the influence 131:143 the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 131:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 0 65 theme Varied 75:80 arg1 Contents 109:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 6 66 from changes 1404:1410 arg1 sGAG 1415:1418 sGAG 1415:1418 sGAG 1415:1418 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 3 67 theme disease 646:652 arg1 progression 612:622 the progression 608:622 the progression of degenerative joint disease 608:652 Changes in sGAG content, as those occurring during the progression of degenerative joint disease, alter such interactions. 31709600 7 68 theme varying 1743:1749 arg1 concentrations 1756:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 varying sGAG concentrations 1743:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 2 69 theme ionic 531:535 arg1 fluid 550:554 the ionic interstitial fluid 527:554 the ionic interstitial fluid 527:554 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 6 70 theme juvenile 1365:1372 arg1 cartilage 1374:1382 degraded juvenile cartilage 1356:1382 degraded juvenile cartilage 1356:1382 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31709600 5 71 theme % 1132:1132 arg1 strain 1134:1139 15% strain 1130:1139 15% strain 1130:1139 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 1 72 theme swelling 182:189 arg1 stress 191:196 the osmotic swelling stress 170:196 the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage 170:247 Determining the influence of tissue composition on the osmotic swelling stress of articular cartilage and meniscus fibrocartilage is important to enhance our understanding of physiology and disease. 31709600 7 73 theme types 1732:1736 arg1 range 1716:1720 a range 1714:1720 a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations 1714:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 4 74 theme altered 725:731 arg1 environments 741:752 altered osmotic environments 725:752 altered osmotic environments 725:752 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 75 theme bovine 803:808 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 75 theme bovine 803:808 arg1 cartilage 931:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 juvenile cartilage 922:939 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 75 theme bovine 803:808 arg1 meniscus 908:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 juvenile and adult meniscus 889:915 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 75 theme bovine 803:808 arg1 cartilage 878:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 2 76 theme due 427:429 arg1 part 422:425 part 422:425 part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid 422:554 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 0 77 theme Swelling 8:15 arg1 Responses 17:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses 0:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses 0:25 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 7 78 theme relationships 1693:1705 arg1 conservation 1656:1667 some conservation 1651:1667 some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations 1651:1769 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 2 79 theme sulfated 482:489 arg1 chains 516:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains 459:521 This osmotic swelling stress is critical for the load-bearing capability of both tissues and results in part due to the interactions between the negatively charged sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) chains and the ionic interstitial fluid. 31709600 4 80 theme compression 770:780 arg1 behavior 791:798 the confined compression swelling behavior 757:798 the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 757:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 5 81 theme conditions 1164:1173 arg1 conditions 1164:1173 three bath conditions 1153:1173 three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline) 1153:1218 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 81 theme conditions 1164:1173 arg1 offsets 1109:1115 three compressive offsets 1091:1115 three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) 1091:1140 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 81 theme conditions 1164:1173 arg1 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 0.1X 1176:1179 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 81 theme conditions 1164:1173 arg1 saline 1212:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 10X phosphate-buffered saline 1189:1217 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 81 theme conditions 1164:1173 arg1 one 1084:1086 one 1084:1086 one 1084:1086 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 5 82 theme transient 996:1004 arg1 response 1006:1013 The transient response 992:1013 The transient response to changes in bath conditions 992:1043 The transient response to changes in bath conditions was evaluated for explants assigned to one of three compressive offsets (5%, 10%, or 15% strain) and one of three bath conditions (0.1X, 1X, or 10X phosphate-buffered saline). 31709600 4 83 theme articular 868:876 arg1 tissues 810:816 bovine tissues 803:816 bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content 803:989 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 4 83 theme articular 868:876 arg1 cartilage 878:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 juvenile articular cartilage 859:886 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 7 84 theme strong 1502:1507 arg1 correlation 1509:1519 a strong correlation 1500:1519 a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents 1500:1610 Further, we found a strong correlation between aggregate modulus and sGAG/collagen, as well as between sGAG and collagen contents across native tissue types, suggesting some conservation of composition-function relationships across a range of tissue types with varying sGAG concentrations. 31709600 0 85 with Tissues 62:68 arg1 Contents 109:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents 75:116 Osmotic Swelling Responses Are Conserved Across Cartilaginous Tissues With Varied Sulfated-Glycosaminoglycan Contents. 31709600 4 86 theme sGAG 838:841 arg1 concentrations 843:856 sGAG concentrations 838:856 sGAG concentrations 838:856 Here, we compare the time-varying effects of altered osmotic environments on the confined compression swelling behavior of bovine tissues spanning a range of sGAG concentrations: juvenile articular cartilage, juvenile and adult meniscus, and juvenile cartilage enzymatically degraded to reduce its sGAG content. 31709600 6 87 theme swelling 1462:1469 arg1 behaviors 1471:1479 the native swelling behaviors 1451:1479 the native swelling behaviors 1451:1479 Our results show that relative responses to alterations to the osmotic environment are consistent across native tissues but differ for degraded juvenile cartilage, demonstrating that changes in sGAG do not completely recapitulate the native swelling behaviors. 31116489 4 0 theme chromatography 723:736 arg1 kits 749:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 3 1 theme RESULTS 440:446 arg1 POS 448:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS 428:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS 428:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS is prepared using a hydrogen-peroxide-assisted degradation. 31116489 1 2 theme gut 155:157 arg1 microbiota 159:168 the gut microbiota 151:168 the gut microbiota 151:168 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 0 3 from Roles 11:15 arg1 Production 62:71 Immunoglobulin Production 47:71 Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice 47:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 9 4 theme POS 1495:1497 arg1 mechanism 1482:1490 the mechanism 1478:1490 the mechanism of POS 1478:1497 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 7 5 theme intestinal 998:1007 arg1 composition 1019:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 1 6 theme microbiota 159:168 arg1 regulation 137:146 The prebiotic regulation 123:146 The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota 123:168 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 1 6 theme microbiota 159:168 arg1 strategy 185:192 a promising strategy 173:192 a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 173:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 8 7 theme Ig 1273:1274 arg1 production 1276:1285 Ig production 1273:1285 Ig production 1273:1285 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 7 8 theme A 1175:1175 arg1 levels 1134:1139 the levels 1130:1139 the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1130:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 0 9 theme Gut 101:103 arg1 Microbiota 105:114 Gut Microbiota 101:114 Gut Microbiota 101:114 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 4 10 contain containing 537:546 arg2 POS 548:550 POS 548:550 POS 548:550 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 4 10 contain containing 537:546 arg1 diets 531:535 consumed diets 522:535 consumed diets containing POS 522:550 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 7 11 theme microbial 1009:1017 arg1 composition 1019:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 2 12 theme oligosaccharides 302:317 arg1 mechanism 359:367 the potential mechanism 345:367 the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria 345:408 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 2 12 theme oligosaccharides 302:317 arg1 effects 284:290 The potential immune-improving effects 253:290 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice 253:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 0 13 from Production 62:71 arg1 Mice 84:87 Healthy Mice 76:87 Healthy Mice 76:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 7 14 theme immunoglobulin 1160:1173 arg1 A 1175:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 2 15 theme pectin 295:300 arg1 POS 320:322 POS 320:322 POS 320:322 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 2 15 theme pectin 295:300 arg1 oligosaccharides 302:317 pectin oligosaccharides 295:317 pectin oligosaccharides (POS) 295:323 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 4 16 theme ELISA 743:747 arg1 kits 749:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 4 17 theme gas 719:721 arg1 chromatography 723:736 gas chromatography 719:736 gas chromatography 719:736 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 9 18 theme significant 1341:1351 arg1 correlation 1353:1363 A significant correlation 1339:1363 A significant correlation 1339:1363 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 8 19 dep CONCLUSIONS 1192:1202 arg1 suggest 1216:1222 suggest 1216:1222 suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota 1216:1336 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 7 20 dep administration 951:964 arg1 POS 947:949 4-week POS administration 940:964 4-week POS administration 940:964 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 1 21 dep SCOPE 117:121 arg1 strategy 185:192 a promising strategy 173:192 a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 173:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 1 21 dep SCOPE 117:121 arg1 regulation 137:146 The prebiotic regulation 123:146 The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota 123:168 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 2 22 theme intestinal 390:399 arg1 bacteria 401:408 specific intestinal bacteria 381:408 specific intestinal bacteria 381:408 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 4 23 theme real-time 682:690 arg1 reaction 709:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 5 24 theme correlation 765:775 arg1 analyses 777:784 Pearson's correlation analyses 755:784 Pearson's correlation analyses 755:784 Pearson's correlation analyses are performed between Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or SCFAs. 31116489 4 25 theme consumed 522:529 arg1 diets 531:535 consumed diets 522:535 consumed diets containing POS 522:550 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 5 26 theme Ig 808:809 arg1 production 811:820 Ig production 808:820 Ig production 808:820 Pearson's correlation analyses are performed between Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or SCFAs. 31116489 2 27 from mechanism 359:367 arg1 mice 336:339 healthy mice 328:339 healthy mice 328:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 4 28 theme quantitative 669:680 arg1 reaction 709:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 5 29 theme intestinal 835:844 arg1 bacteria 846:853 specific intestinal bacteria 826:853 specific intestinal bacteria 826:853 Pearson's correlation analyses are performed between Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or SCFAs. 31116489 4 30 theme short-chain 595:605 arg1 SCFAs 620:624 SCFAs 620:624 SCFAs 620:624 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 4 30 theme short-chain 595:605 arg1 acids 613:617 short-chain fatty acids 595:617 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 595:625 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 7 31 theme profound 979:986 arg1 change 988:993 a profound change 977:993 a profound change in intestinal microbial composition 977:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 6 32 dep treatment 869:877 arg1 POS 865:867 POS treatment 865:877 POS treatment 865:877 POS treatment significantly improves the growth of healthy mice. 31116489 1 33 theme promising 175:183 arg1 strategy 185:192 a promising strategy 173:192 a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 173:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 1 33 theme promising 175:183 arg1 regulation 137:146 The prebiotic regulation 123:146 The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota 123:168 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 0 34 theme Regulatory 0:9 arg1 Roles 11:15 Regulatory Roles 0:15 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice 0:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 7 35 theme levels 1134:1139 arg1 increases 1117:1125 substantial increases 1105:1125 substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1105:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 7 35 theme levels 1134:1139 arg1 IgG 1187:1189 serum IgG 1181:1189 serum IgG 1181:1189 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 9 36 from changes 1385:1391 arg1 production 1399:1408 Ig production 1396:1408 Ig production 1396:1408 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 9 36 from changes 1385:1391 arg1 acetate 1446:1452 acetate 1446:1452 acetate 1446:1452 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 9 36 from changes 1385:1391 arg1 bacteria 1434:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 2 37 theme specific 381:388 arg1 bacteria 401:408 specific intestinal bacteria 381:408 specific intestinal bacteria 381:408 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 0 38 theme Pectin 20:25 arg1 Oligosaccharides 27:42 Pectin Oligosaccharides 20:42 Pectin Oligosaccharides 20:42 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 8 39 theme microbiota 1327:1336 arg1 composition 1304:1314 the composition 1300:1314 the composition of the gut microbiota 1300:1336 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 9 40 theme specific 1414:1421 arg1 bacteria 1434:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 3 41 theme hydrogen-peroxide-assisted 472:497 arg1 degradation 499:509 a hydrogen-peroxide-assisted degradation 470:509 a hydrogen-peroxide-assisted degradation 470:509 METHODS AND RESULTS POS is prepared using a hydrogen-peroxide-assisted degradation. 31116489 4 42 theme fatty 607:611 arg1 SCFAs 620:624 SCFAs 620:624 SCFAs 620:624 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 4 42 theme fatty 607:611 arg1 acids 613:617 short-chain fatty acids 595:617 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 595:625 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 2 43 theme potential 349:357 arg1 mechanism 359:367 the potential mechanism 345:367 the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria 345:408 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 3 44 theme METHODS 428:434 arg1 POS 448:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS 428:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS 428:450 METHODS AND RESULTS POS is prepared using a hydrogen-peroxide-assisted degradation. 31116489 4 45 theme chain 703:707 arg1 reaction 709:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 7 46 from concentration 1064:1076 arg1 composition 1019:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 4 47 theme polymerase 692:701 arg1 reaction 709:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 669:716 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 1 48 theme protective 204:213 arg1 responses 242:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 0 49 theme Oligosaccharides 27:42 arg1 Roles 11:15 Regulatory Roles 0:15 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice 0:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 9 50 theme Ig 1396:1397 arg1 production 1399:1408 Ig production 1396:1408 Ig production 1396:1408 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 7 51 theme substantial 1105:1115 arg1 increases 1117:1125 substantial increases 1105:1125 substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1105:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 8 52 theme POS 1246:1248 arg1 inclusion 1233:1241 the inclusion 1229:1241 the inclusion of POS in a diet 1229:1258 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 1 53 theme humoral 215:221 arg1 responses 242:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 7 54 theme serum 1181:1185 arg1 IgG 1187:1189 serum IgG 1181:1189 serum IgG 1181:1189 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 5 55 theme specific 826:833 arg1 bacteria 846:853 specific intestinal bacteria 826:853 specific intestinal bacteria 826:853 Pearson's correlation analyses are performed between Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or SCFAs. 31116489 9 56 theme potential 1504:1512 arg1 supplement 1531:1540 a potential immune-enhancing supplement 1502:1540 a potential immune-enhancing supplement 1502:1540 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 9 56 theme potential 1504:1512 arg1 insight 1465:1471 insight 1465:1471 insight into the mechanism of POS 1465:1497 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 6 57 theme mice 924:927 arg1 growth 906:911 the growth 902:911 the growth of healthy mice 902:927 POS treatment significantly improves the growth of healthy mice. 31116489 8 58 theme gut 1323:1325 arg1 microbiota 1327:1336 the gut microbiota 1319:1336 the gut microbiota 1319:1336 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 0 59 theme Immunoglobulin 47:60 arg1 Production 62:71 Immunoglobulin Production 47:71 Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice 47:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 4 60 theme community 577:585 arg1 shifts 587:592 microbial community shifts 567:592 microbial community shifts 567:592 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 8 61 from inclusion 1233:1241 arg1 diet 1255:1258 a diet 1253:1258 a diet 1253:1258 CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the inclusion of POS in a diet can increase Ig production and optimize the composition of the gut microbiota. 31116489 7 62 theme fecal 1144:1148 arg1 A 1175:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 7 63 theme higher 1051:1056 arg1 concentration 1064:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration 1035:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG 1035:1189 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 6 64 theme healthy 916:922 arg1 mice 924:927 healthy mice 916:927 healthy mice 916:927 POS treatment significantly improves the growth of healthy mice. 31116489 4 65 theme microbial 567:575 arg1 shifts 587:592 microbial community shifts 567:592 microbial community shifts 567:592 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 7 66 theme acetate 1081:1087 arg1 concentration 1064:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration 1035:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG 1035:1189 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 7 66 theme acetate 1081:1087 arg1 change 988:993 a profound change 977:993 a profound change in intestinal microbial composition 977:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 2 67 theme immune-improving 267:282 arg1 effects 284:290 The potential immune-improving effects 253:290 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice 253:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 7 68 theme fecal 1058:1062 arg1 concentration 1064:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration 1035:1076 a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG 1035:1189 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 1 69 theme prebiotic 127:135 arg1 regulation 137:146 The prebiotic regulation 123:146 The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota 123:168 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 1 69 theme prebiotic 127:135 arg1 strategy 185:192 a promising strategy 173:192 a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 173:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 2 70 from effects 284:290 arg1 mice 336:339 healthy mice 328:339 healthy mice 328:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 9 71 theme intestinal 1423:1432 arg1 bacteria 1434:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 specific intestinal bacteria 1414:1441 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 2 72 theme potential 257:265 arg1 effects 284:290 The potential immune-improving effects 253:290 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice 253:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 7 73 theme secretory 1150:1158 arg1 A 1175:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 fecal secretory immunoglobulin A 1144:1175 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 2 74 theme healthy 328:334 arg1 mice 336:339 healthy mice 328:339 healthy mice 328:339 The potential immune-improving effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POS) in healthy mice and the potential mechanism mediated by specific intestinal bacteria are investigated. 31116489 1 75 theme mucosal 227:233 arg1 responses 242:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 0 76 theme Healthy 76:82 arg1 Mice 84:87 Healthy Mice 76:87 Healthy Mice 76:87 Regulatory Roles of Pectin Oligosaccharides on Immunoglobulin Production in Healthy Mice Mediated by Gut Microbiota. 31116489 9 77 theme immune-enhancing 1514:1529 arg1 supplement 1531:1540 a potential immune-enhancing supplement 1502:1540 a potential immune-enhancing supplement 1502:1540 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 9 77 theme immune-enhancing 1514:1529 arg1 insight 1465:1471 insight 1465:1471 insight into the mechanism of POS 1465:1497 A significant correlation is observed between changes in Ig production and specific intestinal bacteria or acetate, providing insight into the mechanism of POS as a potential immune-enhancing supplement. 31116489 7 78 from change 988:993 arg1 composition 1019:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 intestinal microbial composition 998:1029 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 7 79 theme 4-week 940:945 arg1 administration 951:964 4-week POS administration 940:964 4-week POS administration 940:964 Moreover, 4-week POS administration results in a profound change in intestinal microbial composition and a significantly higher fecal concentration of acetate, which leads to substantial increases of the levels of fecal secretory immunoglobulin A and serum IgG. 31116489 1 80 theme immune 235:240 arg1 responses 242:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 protective humoral and mucosal immune responses 204:250 SCOPE The prebiotic regulation of the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to induce protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. 31116489 4 81 theme reaction 709:716 arg1 kits 749:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits 669:752 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 31116489 4 82 theme immunoglobulin 632:645 arg1 production 652:661 immunoglobulin (Ig) production 632:661 immunoglobulin (Ig) production 632:661 Mice that consumed diets containing POS are tested for microbial community shifts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immunoglobulin (Ig) production using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography, and ELISA kits. 32416849 1 0 with ovo 213:215 arg1 GOS 253:255 GOS 253:255 GOS 253:255 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 1 0 with ovo 213:215 arg1 trans-galactoolighosaccarides 222:250 trans-galactoolighosaccarides 222:250 trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) 222:256 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 3 1 theme floor 575:579 arg1 pens 581:584 floor pens 575:584 floor pens 575:584 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 2 2 theme 3,000 315:319 arg1 Ross 338:341 Ross 308 338:345 Ross 308 338:345 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 2 2 theme 3,000 315:319 arg1 eggs 332:335 3,000 fertilized eggs 315:335 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) 315:346 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 9 3 theme total 1296:1300 arg1 content 1337:1343 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 6 4 theme PM 949:950 arg1 weight 952:957 PM weight 949:957 PM weight 949:957 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 10 5 theme P 1584:1584 arg1 < 1586:1586 P < 0.01 1584:1591 P < 0.01 1584:1591 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 12 6 theme fatty 1817:1821 arg1 composition 1828:1838 fatty acid composition 1817:1838 fatty acid composition 1817:1838 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 13 7 theme in 1937:1938 arg1 injection 1944:1952 in ovo injection 1937:1952 in ovo injection of GOS 1937:1959 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 11 8 theme saturated 1660:1668 arg1 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 11 8 theme saturated 1660:1668 arg1 acids 1676:1680 Total saturated fatty acids 1654:1680 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA) 1654:1686 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 9 9 theme fatty 1318:1322 arg1 acids 1324:1328 polyunsaturated fatty acids 1302:1328 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 9 theme fatty 1318:1322 arg1 PUFA 1331:1334 PUFA 1331:1334 PUFA 1331:1334 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 10 theme P 1490:1490 arg1 < 1492:1492 P < 0.01 1490:1497 P < 0.01 1490:1497 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 10 theme P 1490:1490 arg1 pH 1486:1487 meat pH 1481:1487 meat pH (P < 0.01) 1481:1498 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 1 11 theme meat 154:157 arg1 traits 167:172 meat quality traits 154:172 meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress 154:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 7 12 theme yellowness 1111:1120 arg1 index 1122:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index 1091:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) 1091:1131 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 12 theme yellowness 1111:1120 arg1 * 1130:1130 b* 1129:1130 b* 1129:1130 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 10 13 theme lipid 1594:1598 arg1 content 1600:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 6 14 theme shear 992:996 arg1 force 998:1002 shear force 992:1002 shear force 992:1002 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 10 15 dep higher 1576:1581 arg1 < 1586:1586 P < 0.01 1584:1591 P < 0.01 1584:1591 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 3 16 from D 693:693 arg1 30°C 674:677 30°C 674:677 30°C from 32 to 42 D 674:693 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 10 17 theme P 1621:1621 arg1 < 1623:1623 P < 0.05 1621:1628 P < 0.05 1621:1628 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 1 18 theme fast-growing 177:188 arg1 chickens 190:197 fast-growing chickens 177:197 fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress 177:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 4 19 theme age 736:738 arg1 D 731:731 42 D 728:731 42 D of age 728:738 At 42 D of age, 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature were slaughtered and the pectoral muscle (PM) was removed for analyses. 32416849 12 20 theme Significant 1761:1771 arg1 interactions 1773:1784 Significant interactions 1761:1784 Significant interactions between factors 1761:1800 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 10 21 theme lower 1614:1618 arg1 amount 1646:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 22 theme b 1546:1546 arg1 index 1549:1553 a higher b* index 1537:1553 a higher b* index (P < 0.05) 1537:1564 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 22 theme b 1546:1546 arg1 < 1558:1558 P < 0.05 1556:1563 P < 0.05 1556:1563 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 23 theme total 1631:1635 arg1 amount 1646:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 24 theme P 1556:1556 arg1 index 1549:1553 a higher b* index 1537:1553 a higher b* index (P < 0.05) 1537:1564 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 24 theme P 1556:1556 arg1 < 1558:1558 P < 0.05 1556:1563 P < 0.05 1556:1563 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 3 25 theme male 525:528 arg1 chicks 530:535 900 male chicks 521:535 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) 521:558 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 3 25 theme male 525:528 arg1 chicks/treatment 542:557 300 chicks/treatment 538:557 300 chicks/treatment 538:557 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 3 26 theme stress 651:656 arg1 conditions 658:667 heat stress conditions 646:667 heat stress conditions 646:667 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 0 27 theme quality 59:65 arg1 traits 67:72 meat quality traits 54:72 meat quality traits of broiler chickens 54:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 13 28 theme detrimental 1980:1990 arg1 effect 1992:1997 the detrimental effect 1976:1997 the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits 1976:2040 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 2 29 theme saline 418:423 arg1 group 425:429 saline group 418:429 saline group (S) injected with physiological saline 418:468 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 2 29 theme saline 418:423 arg1 S 432:432 S 432:432 S 432:432 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 13 30 theme quality 2027:2033 arg1 traits 2035:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 7 31 dep higher 1093:1098 arg1 < 1103:1103 P < 0.05 1101:1108 P < 0.05 1101:1108 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 11 32 theme monounsaturated 1689:1703 arg1 MUFA 1718:1721 MUFA 1718:1721 MUFA 1718:1721 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 11 32 theme monounsaturated 1689:1703 arg1 acids 1711:1715 monounsaturated fatty acids 1689:1715 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 1689:1722 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 0 33 from Effect 0:5 arg1 traits 67:72 meat quality traits 54:72 meat quality traits of broiler chickens 54:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 0 34 theme chickens 85:92 arg1 traits 67:72 meat quality traits 54:72 meat quality traits of broiler chickens 54:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 9 35 theme Heat 1406:1409 arg1 stress 1411:1416 S. Heat stress 1403:1416 S. Heat stress 1403:1416 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 8 36 theme Proximate 1154:1162 arg1 composition 1164:1174 Proximate composition 1154:1174 Proximate composition 1154:1174 Proximate composition, cholesterol, and intramuscular collagen properties were not affected by treatment. 32416849 13 37 theme stress 2007:2012 arg1 effect 1992:1997 the detrimental effect 1976:1997 the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits 1976:2040 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 7 38 contain had 1021:1023 arg1 birds 1015:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 38 contain had 1021:1023 arg2 PM 1048:1049 lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM 1025:1049 lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM 1025:1049 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 11 39 theme Total 1654:1658 arg1 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 11 39 theme Total 1654:1658 arg1 acids 1676:1680 Total saturated fatty acids 1654:1680 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA) 1654:1686 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 7 40 dep had 1021:1023 arg1 whereas 1065:1071 whereas 1065:1071 whereas 1065:1071 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 9 41 theme detrimental 1424:1434 arg1 effect 1436:1441 a detrimental effect 1422:1441 a detrimental effect 1422:1441 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 0 42 theme galactooligosaccharides 10:32 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens 0:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 1 43 theme heat 273:276 arg1 stress 278:283 heat stress 273:283 heat stress 273:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 4 44 theme pectoral 813:820 arg1 muscle 822:827 the pectoral muscle 809:827 the pectoral muscle (PM) 809:832 At 42 D of age, 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature were slaughtered and the pectoral muscle (PM) was removed for analyses. 32416849 4 44 theme pectoral 813:820 arg1 PM 830:831 PM 830:831 PM 830:831 At 42 D of age, 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature were slaughtered and the pectoral muscle (PM) was removed for analyses. 32416849 8 45 theme intramuscular 1194:1206 arg1 properties 1217:1226 intramuscular collagen properties 1194:1226 intramuscular collagen properties 1194:1226 Proximate composition, cholesterol, and intramuscular collagen properties were not affected by treatment. 32416849 3 46 dep thermoneutral 596:608 arg1 TN 611:612 TN 611:612 TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen 611:640 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 2 47 theme mg 406:407 arg1 GOS/egg 409:415 3.5 mg GOS/egg 402:415 3.5 mg GOS/egg 402:415 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 13 48 from effect 1992:1997 arg1 traits 2035:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 2 49 theme 3.5 402:404 arg1 mg 406:407 mg 406:407 mg 406:407 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 13 50 theme GOS 1957:1959 arg1 injection 1944:1952 in ovo injection 1937:1952 in ovo injection of GOS 1937:1959 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 3 51 dep TN 611:612 arg1 birds/pen 632:640 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen 615:640 birds/pen 632:640 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 9 52 theme P 1457:1457 arg1 weight 1449:1454 PM weight 1446:1454 PM weight (P < 0.01) 1446:1465 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 52 theme P 1457:1457 arg1 < 1459:1459 P < 0.01 1457:1464 P < 0.01 1457:1464 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 12 53 theme P 1856:1856 arg1 < 1858:1858 P < 0.01 1856:1863 P < 0.01 1856:1863 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 1 54 dep chickens 190:197 arg1 exposed 262:268 exposed 262:268 exposed to heat stress 262:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 1 54 dep chickens 190:197 arg1 stimulated 199:208 stimulated 199:208 stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) 199:256 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 2 55 theme egg 299:301 arg1 incubation 303:312 egg incubation 299:312 egg incubation 299:312 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 12 56 theme MUFA 1895:1898 arg1 contents 1900:1907 MUFA contents 1895:1907 MUFA contents in HS birds 1895:1919 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 9 57 theme fatty 1267:1271 arg1 composition 1278:1288 fatty acid composition 1267:1288 fatty acid composition 1267:1288 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 7 58 theme S 1013:1013 arg1 birds 1015:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 12 59 theme acid 1823:1826 arg1 composition 1828:1838 fatty acid composition 1817:1838 fatty acid composition 1817:1838 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 7 60 theme GOS 1005:1007 arg1 birds 1015:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds 1005:1019 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 12 61 theme HS 1912:1913 arg1 birds 1915:1919 HS birds 1912:1919 HS birds 1912:1919 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 11 62 theme fatty 1670:1674 arg1 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 SFA 1683:1685 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 11 62 theme fatty 1670:1674 arg1 acids 1676:1680 Total saturated fatty acids 1654:1680 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA) 1654:1686 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 2 63 theme fertilized 321:330 arg1 Ross 338:341 Ross 308 338:345 Ross 308 338:345 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 2 63 theme fertilized 321:330 arg1 eggs 332:335 3,000 fertilized eggs 315:335 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) 315:346 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 7 64 theme b 1129:1129 arg1 index 1122:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index 1091:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) 1091:1131 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 64 theme b 1129:1129 arg1 * 1130:1130 b* 1129:1130 b* 1129:1130 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 9 65 theme meat 1481:1484 arg1 < 1492:1492 P < 0.01 1490:1497 P < 0.01 1490:1497 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 65 theme meat 1481:1484 arg1 pH 1486:1487 meat pH 1481:1487 meat pH (P < 0.01) 1481:1498 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 13 66 theme meat 2022:2025 arg1 traits 2035:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 some meat quality traits 2017:2040 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 3 67 dep reared 565:570 arg1 HS 670:671 HS 670:671 HS 670:671 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 9 68 theme polyunsaturated 1302:1316 arg1 acids 1324:1328 polyunsaturated fatty acids 1302:1328 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 68 theme polyunsaturated 1302:1316 arg1 PUFA 1331:1334 PUFA 1331:1334 PUFA 1331:1334 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 6 69 contain had 932:934 arg1 treatment 922:930 In ovo treatment 915:930 In ovo treatment 915:930 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 6 69 contain had 932:934 arg2 effect 939:944 no effect 936:944 no effect 936:944 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 9 70 theme acids 1324:1328 arg1 content 1337:1343 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content 1291:1343 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 7 71 theme P 1101:1101 arg1 < 1103:1103 P < 0.05 1101:1108 P < 0.05 1101:1108 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 6 72 dep In 915:916 arg1 ovo 918:920 ovo 918:920 ovo 918:920 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 1 73 theme quality 159:165 arg1 traits 167:172 meat quality traits 154:172 meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress 154:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 7 74 theme higher 1093:1098 arg1 index 1122:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index 1091:1126 a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) 1091:1131 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 74 theme higher 1093:1098 arg1 * 1130:1130 b* 1129:1130 b* 1129:1130 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 6 75 theme In 915:916 arg1 treatment 922:930 In ovo treatment 915:930 In ovo treatment 915:930 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 3 76 theme pens/group 617:626 arg1 birds/pen 632:640 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen 615:640 birds/pen 632:640 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 11 77 theme fatty 1705:1709 arg1 MUFA 1718:1721 MUFA 1718:1721 MUFA 1718:1721 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 11 77 theme fatty 1705:1709 arg1 acids 1711:1715 monounsaturated fatty acids 1689:1715 monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) 1689:1722 Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and PUFA were similar among groups. 32416849 2 78 theme physiological 449:461 arg1 saline 463:468 physiological saline 449:468 physiological saline 449:468 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 10 79 theme collagen 1637:1644 arg1 amount 1646:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 3 80 theme heat 646:649 arg1 conditions 658:667 heat stress conditions 646:667 heat stress conditions 646:667 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 3 81 dep HS 670:671 arg1 30°C 674:677 30°C 674:677 30°C from 32 to 42 D 674:693 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 3 81 dep HS 670:671 arg1 birds/pen 713:721 25 birds/pen 710:721 25 birds/pen 710:721 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 3 81 dep HS 670:671 arg1 pens/group 698:707 6 pens/group 696:707 6 pens/group 696:707 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 6 82 theme water-holding 964:976 arg1 capacity 978:985 water-holding capacity 964:985 water-holding capacity 964:985 In ovo treatment had no effect on PM weight, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force. 32416849 12 83 dep increased 1874:1882 arg1 < 1887:1887 P < 0.05 1885:1892 P < 0.05 1885:1892 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 2 84 theme control 475:481 arg1 group 483:487 control group 475:487 control group (C) uninjected 475:502 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 2 84 theme control 475:481 arg1 C 490:490 C 490:490 C 490:490 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 7 85 theme C 1056:1056 arg1 group 1058:1062 C group 1056:1062 C group 1056:1062 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 1 86 from traits 167:172 arg1 chickens 190:197 fast-growing chickens 177:197 fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress 177:283 A study was carried out to evaluate meat quality traits in fast-growing chickens stimulated in ovo with trans-galactoolighosaccarides (GOS) and exposed to heat stress. 32416849 9 87 theme GOS 1381:1383 arg1 group 1385:1389 GOS group 1381:1389 GOS group 1381:1389 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 13 88 theme heat 2002:2005 arg1 stress 2007:2012 heat stress 2002:2012 heat stress 2002:2012 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 10 89 theme * 1547:1547 arg1 index 1549:1553 a higher b* index 1537:1553 a higher b* index (P < 0.05) 1537:1564 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 89 theme * 1547:1547 arg1 < 1558:1558 P < 0.05 1556:1563 P < 0.05 1556:1563 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 0 90 theme broiler 77:83 arg1 chickens 85:92 broiler chickens 77:92 broiler chickens 77:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 5 91 theme factorial 897:905 arg1 design 907:912 a 3 × 2 factorial design 889:912 a 3 × 2 factorial design 889:912 Data were analyzed by GLM in a 3 × 2 factorial design. 32416849 10 92 from chickens 1512:1519 arg1 PM 1501:1502 PM 1501:1502 PM from HS chickens 1501:1519 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 12 93 dep decreased 1845:1853 arg1 < 1858:1858 P < 0.01 1856:1863 P < 0.01 1856:1863 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 3 94 dep 42 690:691 arg1 to 687:688 to 687:688 to 687:688 After hatching, 900 male chicks (300 chicks/treatment) were reared in floor pens in either thermoneutral (TN; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen) or heat stress conditions (HS, 30°C from 32 to 42 D; 6 pens/group, 25 birds/pen). 32416849 12 95 from contents 1900:1907 arg1 birds 1915:1919 HS birds 1912:1919 HS birds 1912:1919 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 9 96 theme S. 1403:1404 arg1 stress 1411:1416 S. Heat stress 1403:1416 S. Heat stress 1403:1416 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 0 97 theme heat 105:108 arg1 stress 110:115 heat stress 105:115 heat stress 105:115 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 7 98 theme < 1040:1040 arg1 P 1038:1038 P < 0.01 1038:1045 P < 0.01 1038:1045 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 98 theme < 1040:1040 arg1 * 1035:1035 L* 1034:1035 L* 1034:1035 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 4 99 theme chosen 753:758 arg1 birds/treatment/temperature 760:786 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature 741:786 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature 741:786 At 42 D of age, 15 randomly chosen birds/treatment/temperature were slaughtered and the pectoral muscle (PM) was removed for analyses. 32416849 5 100 theme × 893:893 arg1 design 907:912 a 3 × 2 factorial design 889:912 a 3 × 2 factorial design 889:912 Data were analyzed by GLM in a 3 × 2 factorial design. 32416849 13 101 dep in 1937:1938 arg1 ovo 1940:1942 ovo 1940:1942 ovo 1940:1942 In conclusion, in ovo injection of GOS could mitigate the detrimental effect of heat stress on some meat quality traits. 32416849 10 102 theme HS 1509:1510 arg1 chickens 1512:1519 HS chickens 1509:1519 HS chickens 1509:1519 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 7 103 theme L 1034:1034 arg1 P 1038:1038 P < 0.01 1038:1045 P < 0.01 1038:1045 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 103 theme L 1034:1034 arg1 * 1035:1035 L* 1034:1035 L* 1034:1035 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 8 104 theme collagen 1208:1215 arg1 properties 1217:1226 intramuscular collagen properties 1194:1226 intramuscular collagen properties 1194:1226 Proximate composition, cholesterol, and intramuscular collagen properties were not affected by treatment. 32416849 10 105 contain had 1570:1572 arg1 PM 1501:1502 PM 1501:1502 PM from HS chickens 1501:1519 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 105 contain had 1570:1572 arg2 amount 1646:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount 1612:1651 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 105 contain had 1570:1572 arg2 content 1600:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 12 106 theme P 1885:1885 arg1 < 1887:1887 P < 0.05 1885:1892 P < 0.05 1885:1892 Significant interactions between factors were found for fatty acid composition: GOS decreased (P < 0.01) SFA and increased (P < 0.05) MUFA contents in HS birds. 32416849 2 107 theme prebiotic 366:374 arg1 GOS 383:385 GOS 383:385 GOS 383:385 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 2 107 theme prebiotic 366:374 arg1 group 376:380 prebiotic group 366:380 prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg 366:415 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 7 108 theme lighter 1025:1031 arg1 PM 1048:1049 lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM 1025:1049 lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM 1025:1049 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 9 109 theme PM 1446:1447 arg1 weight 1449:1454 PM weight 1446:1454 PM weight (P < 0.01) 1446:1465 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 9 109 theme PM 1446:1447 arg1 < 1459:1459 P < 0.01 1457:1464 P < 0.01 1457:1464 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 0 110 theme meat 54:57 arg1 traits 67:72 meat quality traits 54:72 meat quality traits of broiler chickens 54:92 Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. 32416849 10 111 dep lower 1614:1618 arg1 < 1623:1623 P < 0.05 1621:1628 P < 0.05 1621:1628 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 2 112 theme incubation 303:312 arg1 day 289:291 day 12 289:294 day 12 of egg incubation 289:312 On day 12 of egg incubation, 3,000 fertilized eggs (Ross 308) were divided into prebiotic group (GOS) injected with 3.5 mg GOS/egg, saline group (S) injected with physiological saline, and control group (C) uninjected. 32416849 7 113 dep lighter 1025:1031 arg1 P 1038:1038 P < 0.01 1038:1045 P < 0.01 1038:1045 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 7 113 dep lighter 1025:1031 arg1 * 1035:1035 L* 1034:1035 L* 1034:1035 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 10 114 theme higher 1576:1581 arg1 content 1600:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content 1574:1606 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 7 115 theme S 1145:1145 arg1 group 1147:1151 S group 1145:1151 S group 1145:1151 GOS and S birds had lighter (L*, P < 0.01) PM than C group, whereas the latter showed a higher (P < 0.05) yellowness index (b*) compared to S group. 32416849 9 116 theme acid 1273:1276 arg1 composition 1278:1288 fatty acid composition 1267:1288 fatty acid composition 1267:1288 As for fatty acid composition, only total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and n-6 PUFA were slightly lower in GOS group compared to S. Heat stress had a detrimental effect on PM weight (P < 0.01) and increased meat pH (P < 0.01). 32416849 10 117 theme higher 1539:1544 arg1 index 1549:1553 a higher b* index 1537:1553 a higher b* index (P < 0.05) 1537:1564 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 32416849 10 117 theme higher 1539:1544 arg1 < 1558:1558 P < 0.05 1556:1563 P < 0.05 1556:1563 PM from HS chickens was darker with a higher b* index (P < 0.05) and had a higher (P < 0.01) lipid content and a lower (P < 0.05) total collagen amount. 31227162 1 0 theme two-step 365:372 arg1 strategy 387:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy 338:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions 338:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 2 1 link non-crosslinked 563:577 arg1 aerogel 579:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 1 2 theme flame-retardant 175:189 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 2 theme flame-retardant 175:189 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 3 theme /alginate/montmorillonite 269:293 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 3 theme /alginate/montmorillonite 269:293 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 3 4 theme rate 739:742 arg1 values 744:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values 694:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 694:787 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 1 5 theme crosslinking 374:385 arg1 strategy 387:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy 338:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions 338:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 4 6 link non-crosslinked 918:932 arg1 aerogels 948:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 3 7 theme P4A4M4/BA/Ca 758:769 arg1 aerogel 781:787 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 754:787 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 754:787 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 2 8 theme aerogel 579:585 arg1 7.2- 531:534 7.2- 531:534 7.2- 531:534 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 2 8 theme aerogel 579:585 arg1 aerogel 579:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 3 9 theme heat 726:729 arg1 rate 739:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 4 10 theme PVA 934:936 arg1 aerogels 948:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 2 11 link crosslinked 466:476 arg1 aerogel 510:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 6 12 theme conventional 1330:1341 arg1 foams 1359:1363 conventional flame-retardant foams 1330:1363 conventional flame-retardant foams 1330:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 13 with aerogels 1266:1273 arg1 sustainability 1285:1298 good sustainability 1280:1298 good sustainability 1280:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 1 14 theme MMT 296:298 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 14 theme MMT 296:298 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 0 15 theme composite 102:110 arg1 aerogels 112:119 composite aerogels 102:119 composite aerogels 102:119 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 4 16 theme non-crosslinked 918:932 arg1 aerogels 948:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 5 17 theme flame-retardancy 1044:1059 arg1 mechanism 1061:1069 The flame-retardancy mechanism 1040:1069 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1040:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 0 18 theme two-step 124:131 arg1 strategy 146:153 two-step crosslinking strategy 124:153 two-step crosslinking strategy 124:153 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 1 19 theme borate 402:407 arg1 ions 421:424 borate and calcium ions 402:424 ions 421:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 4 20 theme total 827:831 arg1 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 4 20 theme total 827:831 arg1 value 847:851 the total smoke release value 823:851 the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 823:879 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 1 21 theme ultra-low-smoke-toxicity 195:218 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 21 theme ultra-low-smoke-toxicity 195:218 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 4 22 theme high 1012:1015 arg1 safety 1032:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 5 23 theme flame 1186:1190 arg1 retardancy 1192:1201 phase flame retardancy 1180:1201 phase flame retardancy 1180:1201 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 2 24 theme P4A4M4/BA/Ca 496:507 arg1 aerogel 510:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 5 25 theme phase 1180:1184 arg1 retardancy 1192:1201 phase flame retardancy 1180:1201 phase flame retardancy 1180:1201 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 1 26 theme biodegradable 220:232 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 26 theme biodegradable 220:232 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 0 27 theme efficient 7:15 arg1 flame-retardant 17:31 Highly efficient flame-retardant 0:31 Highly efficient flame-retardant 0:31 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 1 28 theme calcium 413:419 arg1 ions 421:424 borate and calcium ions 402:424 ions 421:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 2 29 dep 7.2- 531:534 arg1 those 550:554 those 550:554 those 550:554 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 6 30 theme high-performance 1208:1223 arg1 aerogels 1266:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels 1204:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability 1204:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 30 theme high-performance 1208:1223 arg1 alternative 1315:1325 a promising alternative 1303:1325 a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams 1303:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 3 31 theme peak 721:724 arg1 rate 739:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 1 32 theme composite 301:309 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 32 theme composite 301:309 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 3 33 theme heat 704:707 arg1 release 709:715 total heat release 698:715 total heat release 698:715 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 2 34 theme PVA/alginate/MMT 478:493 arg1 aerogel 510:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 4 35 theme superior 973:980 arg1 suppression 988:998 its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety 969:1037 suppression 988:998 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 5 36 theme aerogels 1113:1120 arg1 mechanism 1061:1069 The flame-retardancy mechanism 1040:1069 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1040:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 6 37 theme composite 1256:1264 arg1 aerogels 1266:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels 1204:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability 1204:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 37 theme composite 1256:1264 arg1 alternative 1315:1325 a promising alternative 1303:1325 a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams 1303:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 1 38 theme poly 244:247 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 38 theme poly 244:247 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 2 39 theme crosslinked 466:476 arg1 aerogel 510:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 462:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 3 40 theme composite 771:779 arg1 aerogel 781:787 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 754:787 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 754:787 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 0 41 theme crosslinking 133:144 arg1 strategy 146:153 two-step crosslinking strategy 124:153 two-step crosslinking strategy 124:153 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 6 42 theme biodegradable 1242:1254 arg1 aerogels 1266:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels 1204:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability 1204:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 42 theme biodegradable 1242:1254 arg1 alternative 1315:1325 a promising alternative 1303:1325 a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams 1303:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 2 43 theme aerogel 510:516 arg1 moduli 452:457 Compressive and specific moduli 427:457 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 427:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 0 44 theme poly 56:59 arg1 /alginate/ 75:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 3 45 theme aerogel 781:787 arg1 values 744:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values 694:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 694:787 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 5 46 theme gaseous 1152:1158 arg1 phase 1160:1164 the gaseous phase 1148:1164 the gaseous phase 1148:1164 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 5 47 theme crosslinked 1078:1088 arg1 aerogels 1113:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 6 48 theme promising 1305:1313 arg1 aerogels 1266:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels 1204:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability 1204:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 48 theme promising 1305:1313 arg1 alternative 1315:1325 a promising alternative 1303:1325 a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams 1303:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 1 49 theme vinyl 249:253 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 49 theme vinyl 249:253 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 0 50 theme low-smoke-toxicity 37:54 arg1 /alginate/ 75:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 4 51 theme smoke 982:986 arg1 suppression 988:998 its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety 969:1037 suppression 988:998 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 5 52 theme phase 1160:1164 arg1 combination 1133:1143 a combination 1131:1143 a combination of the gaseous phase 1131:1164 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 5 53 theme P4A4M4/BA/Ca 1090:1101 arg1 aerogels 1113:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 1 54 theme alcohol 255:261 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 54 theme alcohol 255:261 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 0 55 theme vinyl 61:65 arg1 /alginate/ 75:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 4 56 dep suppression 988:998 arg1 ability 1000:1006 ability 1000:1006 ability 1000:1006 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 2 57 theme index 625:629 arg1 value 631:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 4 58 theme hazardous 1022:1030 arg1 safety 1032:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 4 59 theme aerogel 873:879 arg1 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 4 59 theme aerogel 873:879 arg1 value 847:851 the total smoke release value 823:851 the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 823:879 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 6 60 theme PVA/alginate/MMT 1225:1240 arg1 aerogels 1266:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels 1204:1273 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability 1204:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 60 theme PVA/alginate/MMT 1225:1240 arg1 alternative 1315:1325 a promising alternative 1303:1325 a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams 1303:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 6 61 theme flame-retardant 1343:1357 arg1 foams 1359:1363 conventional flame-retardant foams 1330:1363 conventional flame-retardant foams 1330:1363 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 2 62 theme oxygen 618:623 arg1 value 631:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 3 63 theme release 709:715 arg1 values 744:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values 694:749 the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel 694:787 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 4 64 theme P4A4M4/BA/Ca 860:871 arg1 aerogel 873:879 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 856:879 the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 856:879 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 3 65 theme release 731:737 arg1 rate 739:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 peak heat release rate 721:742 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 4 66 theme fire 1017:1020 arg1 safety 1032:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 high fire hazardous safety 1012:1037 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 1 67 theme new 340:342 arg1 strategy 387:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy 338:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions 338:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 2 68 theme limited 610:616 arg1 value 631:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 the limited oxygen index value 606:635 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 4 69 theme smoke 833:837 arg1 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 4 69 theme smoke 833:837 arg1 value 847:851 the total smoke release value 823:851 the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 823:879 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 3 70 theme Cone 657:660 arg1 tests 674:678 Cone calorimeter tests 657:678 Cone calorimeter tests 657:678 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 6 71 theme good 1280:1283 arg1 sustainability 1285:1298 good sustainability 1280:1298 good sustainability 1280:1298 The high-performance PVA/alginate/MMT biodegradable composite aerogels with good sustainability is a promising alternative to conventional flame-retardant foams. 31227162 3 72 theme total 698:702 arg1 release 709:715 total heat release 698:715 total heat release 698:715 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 3 73 theme calorimeter 662:672 arg1 tests 674:678 Cone calorimeter tests 657:678 Cone calorimeter tests 657:678 Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogel distinctly decreased. 31227162 2 74 theme specific 443:450 arg1 moduli 452:457 Compressive and specific moduli 427:457 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 427:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 5 75 theme composite 1103:1111 arg1 aerogels 1113:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 4 76 theme composite 938:946 arg1 aerogels 948:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels 918:955 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 2 77 theme Compressive 427:437 arg1 moduli 452:457 Compressive and specific moduli 427:457 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel 427:516 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 31227162 1 78 theme PVA 265:267 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 78 theme PVA 265:267 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 0 79 theme alcohol 67:73 arg1 /alginate/ 75:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ 37:84 Highly efficient flame-retardant and low-smoke-toxicity poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/ montmorillonite composite aerogels by two-step crosslinking strategy. 31227162 1 80 theme environment-friendly 344:363 arg1 strategy 387:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy 338:394 a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions 338:424 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 4 81 theme release 839:845 arg1 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 lower 898:902 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 4 81 theme release 839:845 arg1 value 847:851 the total smoke release value 823:851 the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel 823:879 Remarkably, the total smoke release value of the P4A4M4/BA/Ca aerogel was considerably lower than those of non-crosslinked PVA composite aerogels, indicating its superior smoke suppression ability and high fire hazardous safety. 31227162 5 82 link crosslinked 1078:1088 arg1 aerogels 1113:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels 1074:1120 The flame-retardancy mechanism of the crosslinked P4A4M4/BA/Ca composite aerogels involved a combination of the gaseous phase and condensed phase flame retardancy. 31227162 1 83 theme efficient 165:173 arg1 material 234:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material 156:241 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 1 83 theme efficient 165:173 arg1 aerogel 311:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel 244:317 A highly efficient flame-retardant and ultra-low-smoke-toxicity biodegradable material, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alginate/montmorillonite (MMT) composite aerogel, was fabricated by a new environment-friendly two-step crosslinking strategy using borate and calcium ions. 31227162 2 84 theme non-crosslinked 563:577 arg1 aerogel 579:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 the non-crosslinked aerogel 559:585 Compressive and specific moduli of the crosslinked PVA/alginate/MMT (P4A4M4/BA/Ca) aerogel increased to 7.2- and 1.9-folds those of the non-crosslinked aerogel, respectively, and the limited oxygen index value increased to 40.0%. 30280964 0 0 theme antibacterial 97:109 arg1 property 111:118 long-term antibacterial property 87:118 long-term antibacterial property 87:118 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 5 1 dep NPs 758:760 arg1 anchored 785:792 anchored 785:792 anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding 785:872 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 5 1 dep NPs 758:760 arg1 distributed 769:779 distributed 769:779 evenly distributed 762:779 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 4 2 dep morphology 513:522 arg1 The 509:511 The 509:511 The 509:511 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 9 3 theme Cu 1339:1340 arg1 concentration 1342:1354 controlled Cu concentration 1328:1354 controlled Cu concentration 1328:1354 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 0 4 theme long-term 87:95 arg1 property 111:118 long-term antibacterial property 87:118 long-term antibacterial property 87:118 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 3 5 theme in 474:475 arg1 method 501:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 9 6 theme human 1417:1421 arg1 fibroblasts 1430:1440 human dermal fibroblasts 1417:1440 normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) 1410:1447 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 9 6 theme human 1417:1421 arg1 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 10 7 theme BC/Cu 1490:1494 arg1 membranes 1496:1504 BC/Cu membranes 1490:1504 BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity 1490:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 10 7 theme BC/Cu 1490:1494 arg1 dressings 1578:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 5 8 theme nanofiber 825:833 arg1 network 835:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network 797:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC 797:847 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 4 9 dep Fourier 659:665 arg1 transform 667:675 transform 667:675 transform infrared 667:684 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 10 theme membranes 566:574 arg1 morphology 513:522 morphology 513:522 morphology 513:522 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 10 theme membranes 566:574 arg1 composition 537:547 chemical composition 528:547 chemical composition 528:547 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 10 11 theme efficient 1511:1519 arg1 activity 1535:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 1 12 theme wound 262:266 arg1 dressing 268:275 wound dressing 262:275 wound dressing 262:275 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 8 13 theme sustained 1215:1223 arg1 release 1225:1231 sustained release 1215:1231 sustained release 1215:1231 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 7 14 theme antibacterial 1031:1043 arg1 activity 1045:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity 1011:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) 1011:1125 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 3 15 theme reduction 491:499 arg1 method 501:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 10 16 used used 1564:1567 arg2 membranes 1496:1504 BC/Cu membranes 1490:1504 BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity 1490:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 10 16 used used 1564:1567 arg2 dressings 1578:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 10 17 theme wound 1572:1576 arg1 membranes 1496:1504 BC/Cu membranes 1490:1504 BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity 1490:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 10 17 theme wound 1572:1576 arg1 dressings 1578:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 wound dressings 1572:1586 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 4 18 theme composite 556:564 arg1 membranes 566:574 the composite membranes 552:574 the composite membranes 552:574 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 0 19 theme In 0:1 arg1 synthesis 8:16 In situ synthesis 0:16 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper 0:46 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 3 20 theme Cu 421:422 arg1 nanoparticles 406:418 copper nanoparticles 399:418 copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes 399:447 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 20 theme Cu 421:422 arg1 NPs 424:426 Cu NPs 421:426 Cu NPs 421:426 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 10 21 theme antibacterial 1521:1533 arg1 activity 1535:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 3 22 theme chemical 482:489 arg1 method 501:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 in situ chemical reduction method 474:506 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 7 23 theme efficient 1011:1019 arg1 activity 1045:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity 1011:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) 1011:1125 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 10 24 theme present 1462:1468 arg1 results 1470:1476 the present results 1458:1476 the present results 1458:1476 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 8 25 theme antibacterial 1286:1298 arg1 activity 1300:1307 the long-term antibacterial activity 1272:1307 the long-term antibacterial activity 1272:1307 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 3 26 theme copper 399:404 arg1 membranes 439:447 membranes 439:447 membranes 439:447 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 26 theme copper 399:404 arg1 nanoparticles 406:418 copper nanoparticles 399:418 copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes 399:447 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 26 theme copper 399:404 arg1 NPs 424:426 Cu NPs 421:426 Cu NPs 421:426 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 26 theme copper 399:404 arg1 BC 436:437 BC 436:437 BC 436:437 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 1 27 with cellulose 131:139 arg1 properties 173:182 properties 173:182 properties 173:182 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 1 27 with cellulose 131:139 arg1 structure 159:167 unique structure 152:167 unique structure 152:167 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 7 28 theme long-term 1021:1029 arg1 activity 1045:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity 1011:1052 efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) 1011:1125 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 3 29 dep in 474:475 arg1 situ 477:480 situ 477:480 situ 477:480 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 2 30 theme wound 361:365 arg1 healing 367:373 wound healing 361:373 wound healing 361:373 However, pure BC lacks the antimicrobial activity, which limits its application in wound healing. 30280964 7 31 dep aureus 1077:1082 arg1 coli 1121:1124 E. coli 1118:1124 E. coli 1118:1124 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 7 31 dep aureus 1077:1082 arg1 aureus 1088:1093 S. aureus 1085:1093 S. aureus 1085:1093 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 2 32 from application 346:356 arg1 healing 367:373 wound healing 361:373 wound healing 361:373 However, pure BC lacks the antimicrobial activity, which limits its application in wound healing. 30280964 1 33 theme Bacterial 121:129 arg1 BC 142:143 BC 142:143 BC 142:143 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 1 33 theme Bacterial 121:129 arg1 cellulose 131:139 Bacterial cellulose 121:139 Bacterial cellulose (BC) 121:144 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 1 34 theme much 199:202 arg1 attention 204:212 much attention 199:212 much attention 199:212 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 8 35 theme long-term 1276:1284 arg1 activity 1300:1307 the long-term antibacterial activity 1272:1307 the long-term antibacterial activity 1272:1307 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 2 36 theme pure 287:290 arg1 BC 292:293 pure BC 287:293 pure BC 287:293 However, pure BC lacks the antimicrobial activity, which limits its application in wound healing. 30280964 9 37 theme BC/Cu 1357:1361 arg1 membranes 1363:1371 BC/Cu membranes 1357:1371 BC/Cu membranes 1357:1371 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 4 38 theme electron 607:614 arg1 SEM 628:630 SEM 628:630 SEM 628:630 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 38 theme electron 607:614 arg1 microscopy 616:625 scanning electron microscopy 598:625 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 598:631 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 0 39 theme cellulose/copper 31:46 arg1 synthesis 8:16 In situ synthesis 0:16 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper 0:46 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 4 40 theme chemical 528:535 arg1 composition 537:547 chemical composition 528:547 chemical composition 528:547 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 41 dep transform 667:675 arg1 infrared 677:684 infrared 677:684 transform infrared 667:684 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 42 theme X-ray 634:638 arg1 XRD 653:655 XRD 653:655 XRD 653:655 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 42 theme X-ray 634:638 arg1 diffraction 640:650 X-ray diffraction 634:650 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 634:656 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 0 43 theme bacterial 21:29 arg1 cellulose/copper 31:46 bacterial cellulose/copper 21:46 bacterial cellulose/copper 21:46 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 6 44 theme Cu2O 885:888 arg1 Traces 875:880 Traces 875:880 Traces of Cu2O 875:888 Traces of Cu2O were observed on the membranes probably because the Cu2+ was incompletely reduced. 30280964 7 45 theme BC 991:992 arg1 membranes 994:1002 BC membranes 991:1002 BC membranes 991:1002 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 8 46 theme copper 1236:1241 arg1 ion 1243:1245 copper ion 1236:1245 copper ion 1236:1245 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 8 47 theme composite 1190:1198 arg1 membranes 1200:1208 The composite membranes 1186:1208 The composite membranes 1186:1208 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 0 48 theme composite 62:70 arg1 membranes 72:80 composite membranes 62:80 composite membranes 62:80 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 7 49 theme Cu 977:978 arg1 NPs 980:982 The Cu NPs 973:982 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes 973:1002 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 10 50 with membranes 1496:1504 arg1 activity 1535:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 efficient antibacterial activity 1511:1542 In all, the present results reveal that BC/Cu membranes with efficient antibacterial activity are promising to be used as wound dressings. 30280964 5 51 theme BC 846:847 arg1 network 835:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network 797:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC 797:847 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 5 52 dep three-dimensional 801:817 arg1 3-D 820:822 3-D 820:822 3-D 820:822 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 9 53 theme dermal 1423:1428 arg1 fibroblasts 1430:1440 human dermal fibroblasts 1417:1440 normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) 1410:1447 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 9 53 theme dermal 1423:1428 arg1 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 6 54 located observed 895:902 arg1 membranes 911:919 the membranes 907:919 the membranes 907:919 Traces of Cu2O were observed on the membranes probably because the Cu2+ was incompletely reduced. 30280964 6 54 located observed 895:902 arg2 Traces 875:880 Traces 875:880 Traces of Cu2O 875:888 Traces of Cu2O were observed on the membranes probably because the Cu2+ was incompletely reduced. 30280964 5 55 theme physical 857:864 arg1 bonding 866:872 physical bonding 857:872 physical bonding 857:872 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 4 56 theme thermogravimetric 697:713 arg1 TGA 725:727 TGA 725:727 TGA 725:727 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 56 theme thermogravimetric 697:713 arg1 analysis 715:722 thermogravimetric analysis 697:722 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 697:728 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 1 57 theme biomedical 221:230 arg1 field 232:236 the biomedical field 217:236 the biomedical field 217:236 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 2 58 theme antimicrobial 305:317 arg1 activity 319:326 the antimicrobial activity 301:326 the antimicrobial activity 301:326 However, pure BC lacks the antimicrobial activity, which limits its application in wound healing. 30280964 7 59 theme deionized 1151:1159 arg1 water 1161:1165 deionized water 1151:1165 deionized water for up to 90 days 1151:1183 The Cu NPs loaded BC membranes showed efficient long-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) even after immersion in deionized water for up to 90 days. 30280964 9 60 theme normal 1410:1415 arg1 fibroblasts 1430:1440 human dermal fibroblasts 1417:1440 normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) 1410:1447 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 9 60 theme normal 1410:1415 arg1 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 NHDF 1443:1446 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 3 61 dep loaded 429:434 arg1 membranes 439:447 membranes 439:447 membranes 439:447 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 61 dep loaded 429:434 arg1 nanoparticles 406:418 copper nanoparticles 399:418 copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes 399:447 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 3 61 dep loaded 429:434 arg1 BC 436:437 BC 436:437 BC 436:437 To solve this problem, copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) loaded BC membranes were fabricated by using in situ chemical reduction method. 30280964 9 62 theme obvious 1386:1392 arg1 cytotoxicity 1394:1405 obvious cytotoxicity 1386:1405 obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) 1386:1447 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 30280964 8 63 theme ion 1243:1245 arg1 release 1225:1231 sustained release 1215:1231 sustained release 1215:1231 The composite membranes kept sustained release of copper ion, which may contribute to the long-term antibacterial activity. 30280964 5 64 theme three-dimensional 801:817 arg1 network 835:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network 797:841 the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC 797:847 The results showed that Cu NPs evenly distributed and anchored in the three-dimensional (3-D) nanofiber network of BC through physical bonding. 30280964 4 65 theme scanning 598:605 arg1 SEM 628:630 SEM 628:630 SEM 628:630 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 4 65 theme scanning 598:605 arg1 microscopy 616:625 scanning electron microscopy 598:625 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 598:631 The morphology and chemical composition of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30280964 0 66 dep In 0:1 arg1 situ 3:6 situ 3:6 situ 3:6 In situ synthesis of bacterial cellulose/copper nanoparticles composite membranes with long-term antibacterial property. 30280964 1 67 theme unique 152:157 arg1 structure 159:167 unique structure 152:167 unique structure 152:167 Bacterial cellulose (BC), with unique structure and properties, has attracted much attention in the biomedical field, especially in using as wound dressing. 30280964 9 68 theme controlled 1328:1337 arg1 concentration 1342:1354 controlled Cu concentration 1328:1354 controlled Cu concentration 1328:1354 Furthermore, with controlled Cu concentration, BC/Cu membranes did not show obvious cytotoxicity to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). 31386746 0 0 theme high-strength 95:107 arg1 hydrogels 129:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels. 31386746 4 1 theme energy 1055:1060 arg1 amount 1045:1050 a large amount 1037:1050 a large amount of energy 1037:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 1 theme energy 1055:1060 arg1 energy 1055:1060 energy 1055:1060 energy 1055:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 5 2 theme cellulose 1165:1173 arg1 times 1134:1138 56 times 1131:1138 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC) 1131:1178 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 2 3 theme self-reinforced 400:414 arg1 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 2 3 theme self-reinforced 400:414 arg1 cellulose 445:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose 400:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 400:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 0 4 theme nonswelling 83:93 arg1 hydrogels 129:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels. 31386746 4 5 theme double-crosslinking 926:944 arg1 combination 911:921 the combination 907:921 the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy 907:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 1 6 theme polysaccharide 186:199 arg1 hydrogels 201:209 polysaccharide hydrogels 186:209 polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 186:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 6 7 theme tissue 1428:1433 arg1 engineering 1435:1445 tissue engineering 1428:1445 tissue engineering 1428:1445 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 0 8 theme cellulose 119:127 arg1 hydrogels 129:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels. 31386746 3 9 theme new 763:765 arg1 mechanism 784:792 a new self-reinforcing mechanism 761:792 a new self-reinforcing mechanism 761:792 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 4 10 theme unique 952:957 arg1 structure 964:972 a unique FNSR structure 950:972 a unique FNSR structure 950:972 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 3 11 theme aggregation 596:606 arg1 structure 608:616 aggregation structure 596:616 aggregation structure 596:616 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 0 12 theme bacterial 109:117 arg1 hydrogels 129:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels. 31386746 4 13 theme excellent 840:848 arg1 properties 861:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 3 14 dep structure 608:616 arg1 the 592:594 the 592:594 the 592:594 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 6 15 theme promising 1350:1358 arg1 application 1360:1370 promising application 1350:1370 promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1350:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 4 16 theme prepared 811:818 arg1 hydrogels 825:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 17 theme SDBC 820:823 arg1 hydrogels 825:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 1 18 theme hydrogels 201:209 arg1 properties 172:181 mechanical properties 161:181 mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 161:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 5 19 theme bacterial 1155:1163 arg1 BC 1176:1177 BC 1176:1177 BC 1176:1177 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 5 19 theme bacterial 1155:1163 arg1 cellulose 1165:1173 native bacterial cellulose 1148:1173 native bacterial cellulose (BC) 1148:1178 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 1 20 from decline 150:156 arg1 properties 172:181 mechanical properties 161:181 mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 161:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 2 21 link double-crosslinked 416:433 arg1 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 2 21 link double-crosslinked 416:433 arg1 cellulose 445:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose 400:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 400:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 7 22 theme new 1485:1487 arg1 horizon 1489:1495 a new horizon 1483:1495 a new horizon for the preparation of self-reinforced hydrogels 1483:1544 This study also opens up a new horizon for the preparation of self-reinforced hydrogels. 31386746 6 23 theme implantable 1397:1407 arg1 devices 1415:1421 implantable ionic devices 1397:1421 implantable ionic devices 1397:1421 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 2 24 theme nonswelling 347:357 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels 347:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 347:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 5 25 theme native 1148:1153 arg1 BC 1176:1177 BC 1176:1177 BC 1176:1177 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 5 25 theme native 1148:1153 arg1 cellulose 1165:1173 native bacterial cellulose 1148:1173 native bacterial cellulose (BC) 1148:1178 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 3 26 theme SDBC 639:642 arg1 hydrogels 644:652 SDBC hydrogels 639:652 SDBC hydrogels 639:652 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 4 27 theme mechanical 850:859 arg1 properties 861:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 6 28 theme % 1303:1303 arg1 excess 1291:1296 excess 1291:1296 excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1291:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 6 29 theme engineering 1435:1445 arg1 scaffolds 1447:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 4 30 contain have 835:838 arg1 hydrogels 825:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels 807:833 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 30 contain have 835:838 arg2 properties 861:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 excellent mechanical properties 840:870 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 6 31 theme underwater 1375:1384 arg1 equipment 1386:1394 underwater equipment 1375:1394 underwater equipment 1375:1394 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 6 32 from application 1360:1370 arg1 scaffolds 1447:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 3 33 theme materials 526:534 arg1 concept 493:499 the concept 489:499 the concept of homogeneous composite materials 489:534 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 3 34 theme solvent 583:589 arg1 ratio 555:559 the ratio 551:559 the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent 551:589 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 1 35 theme medical 324:330 arg1 field 332:336 the medical field 320:336 the medical field 320:336 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 3 36 theme FNSR 725:728 arg1 structure 731:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 3 37 theme LiOH/urea 564:572 arg1 solvent 583:589 LiOH/urea alkaline solvent 564:589 LiOH/urea alkaline solvent 564:589 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 3 38 theme alkaline 574:581 arg1 solvent 583:589 LiOH/urea alkaline solvent 564:589 LiOH/urea alkaline solvent 564:589 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 4 39 theme crack 1005:1009 arg1 propagation 1011:1021 crack propagation 1005:1021 crack propagation 1005:1021 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 3 40 theme homogeneous 504:514 arg1 materials 526:534 homogeneous composite materials 504:534 homogeneous composite materials 504:534 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 5 41 dep times 1134:1138 arg1 that 1140:1143 that 1140:1143 that 1140:1143 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 6 42 from days 1312:1315 arg1 water 1320:1324 water 1320:1324 water 1320:1324 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 3 43 theme nanofiber-network-self-reinforced 690:722 arg1 structure 731:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 5 44 theme compressive 1082:1092 arg1 strength 1094:1101 the compressive strength 1078:1101 the compressive strength 1078:1101 In particular, the compressive strength can reach 3.17 MPa which is 56 times that of native bacterial cellulose (BC). 31386746 3 45 theme composite 516:524 arg1 materials 526:534 homogeneous composite materials 504:534 homogeneous composite materials 504:534 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 6 46 theme devices 1415:1421 arg1 scaffolds 1447:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 4 47 theme structure 964:972 arg1 combination 911:921 the combination 907:921 the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy 907:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 7 48 theme hydrogels 1536:1544 arg1 preparation 1505:1515 the preparation 1501:1515 the preparation of self-reinforced hydrogels 1501:1544 This study also opens up a new horizon for the preparation of self-reinforced hydrogels. 31386746 3 49 theme hydrogels 644:652 arg1 nanostructure 622:634 nanostructure 622:634 nanostructure 622:634 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 3 49 theme hydrogels 644:652 arg1 structure 608:616 aggregation structure 596:616 aggregation structure 596:616 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 6 50 theme ionic 1409:1413 arg1 devices 1415:1421 implantable ionic devices 1397:1421 implantable ionic devices 1397:1421 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 4 51 theme FNSR 959:962 arg1 structure 964:972 a unique FNSR structure 950:972 a unique FNSR structure 950:972 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 1 52 theme serious 142:148 arg1 decline 150:156 A serious decline 140:156 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 140:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 1 52 theme serious 142:148 arg1 problem 258:264 a difficult problem 246:264 a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field 246:336 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 6 53 theme equipment 1386:1394 arg1 scaffolds 1447:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds 1375:1455 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 1 54 theme mechanical 161:170 arg1 properties 172:181 mechanical properties 161:181 mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 161:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 4 55 theme high 877:880 arg1 content 888:894 a high water content 875:894 a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy 875:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 55 theme high 877:880 arg1 % 900:900 >91% 897:900 >91% 897:900 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 6 56 theme mechanical 1254:1263 arg1 strength 1265:1272 the mechanical strength 1250:1272 the mechanical strength 1250:1272 It is worth mentioning that no swelling occurs for the hydrogel, and the mechanical strength still remains in excess of 90% for 15 days in water, which is favorable for promising application in underwater equipment, implantable ionic devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. 31386746 2 57 theme natural 373:379 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels 347:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 347:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 1 58 theme difficult 248:256 arg1 decline 150:156 A serious decline 140:156 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling 140:228 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 1 58 theme difficult 248:256 arg1 problem 258:264 a difficult problem 246:264 a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field 246:336 A serious decline in mechanical properties of polysaccharide hydrogels caused by swelling has always been a difficult problem which greatly limited their application especially in the medical field. 31386746 3 59 theme unique 683:688 arg1 structure 731:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure 673:739 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 2 60 theme high-strength 359:371 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels 347:389 nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 347:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 0 61 theme self-reinforced 67:81 arg1 hydrogels 129:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels 67:137 A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels. 31386746 2 62 theme bacterial 435:443 arg1 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 2 62 theme bacterial 435:443 arg1 cellulose 445:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose 400:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 400:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 4 63 theme large 1039:1043 arg1 amount 1045:1050 a large amount 1037:1050 a large amount of energy 1037:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 63 theme large 1039:1043 arg1 energy 1055:1060 energy 1055:1060 energy 1055:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 3 64 theme self-reinforcing 767:782 arg1 mechanism 784:792 a new self-reinforcing mechanism 761:792 a new self-reinforcing mechanism 761:792 Inspired by the concept of homogeneous composite materials, by regulating the ratio of LiOH/urea alkaline solvent, the aggregation structure and nanostructure of SDBC hydrogels can be controlled, thereby a unique nanofiber-network-self-reinforced (FNSR) structure was constructed and a new self-reinforcing mechanism is proposed. 31386746 4 65 theme water 882:886 arg1 content 888:894 a high water content 875:894 a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy 875:1060 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 4 65 theme water 882:886 arg1 % 900:900 >91% 897:900 >91% 897:900 The prepared SDBC hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties at a high water content (>91%) for the combination of double-crosslinking and a unique FNSR structure, which can effectively prevent crack propagation and dissipate a large amount of energy. 31386746 7 66 theme self-reinforced 1520:1534 arg1 hydrogels 1536:1544 self-reinforced hydrogels 1520:1544 self-reinforced hydrogels 1520:1544 This study also opens up a new horizon for the preparation of self-reinforced hydrogels. 31386746 2 67 theme double-crosslinked 416:433 arg1 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 SDBC 456:459 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31386746 2 67 theme double-crosslinked 416:433 arg1 cellulose 445:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose 400:453 self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) 400:460 Herein, nonswelling high-strength natural hydrogels based on self-reinforced double-crosslinked bacterial cellulose (SDBC) were prepared. 31892045 1 0 with composites 181:190 arg1 layer 224:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer 197:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 197:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 3 1 theme @ 433:433 arg1 composites 442:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 2 2 theme porous 365:370 arg1 structure 372:380 uniform porous structure 357:380 uniform porous structure 357:380 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 1 3 theme magG 267:270 arg1 Zn-MOFs 272:278 magG@Zn-MOFs 267:278 magG@Zn-MOFs 267:278 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 0 4 theme acarbose 104:111 arg1 determination 87:99 quantitative determination 74:99 quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma 74:125 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 5 5 theme acarbose 844:851 arg1 study 835:839 pharmacokinetic study 819:839 pharmacokinetic study of acarbose in rats 819:859 Finally, the method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of acarbose in rats. 31892045 2 6 theme uniform 357:363 arg1 structure 372:380 uniform porous structure 357:380 uniform porous structure 357:380 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 1 7 theme @ 271:271 arg1 Zn-MOFs 272:278 magG@Zn-MOFs 267:278 magG@Zn-MOFs 267:278 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 recovery 622:629 satisfactory recovery 609:629 satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%) 609:643 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 linearity 580:588 good linearity 575:588 good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1) 575:606 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg1 method 564:569 The established method 548:569 The established method 548:569 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 limit 660:664 low detection limit 646:664 low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1) 646:688 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 precision 745:753 inter-day precision 735:753 inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%) 735:768 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 % 728:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 % 642:642 94.3-107.5% 632:642 94.3-107.5% 632:642 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 precision 706:714 good intra-day precision 691:714 good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) 691:729 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 8 contain has 571:573 arg2 % 767:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 0 9 theme rat 116:118 arg1 plasma 120:125 rat plasma 116:125 rat plasma 116:125 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 5 10 from study 835:839 arg1 rats 856:859 rats 856:859 rats 856:859 Finally, the method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of acarbose in rats. 31892045 3 11 used used 458:461 arg2 composites 442:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 4 12 theme good 691:694 arg1 precision 706:714 good intra-day precision 691:714 good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) 691:729 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 12 theme good 691:694 arg1 % 728:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 13 theme inter-day 735:743 arg1 precision 745:753 inter-day precision 735:753 inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%) 735:768 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 13 theme inter-day 735:743 arg1 % 767:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 2 14 theme magnetic 392:399 arg1 separation 401:410 rapid magnetic separation 386:410 rapid magnetic separation 386:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 1 15 theme Zn 197:198 arg1 layer 224:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer 197:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 197:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 1 16 theme metal-organic 200:212 arg1 layer 224:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer 197:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 197:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 4 17 theme low 646:648 arg1 limit 660:664 low detection limit 646:664 low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1) 646:688 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 2 18 theme specific 325:332 arg1 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 1 19 theme framework 214:222 arg1 layer 224:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer 197:228 Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 197:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 4 20 theme detection 650:658 arg1 limit 660:664 low detection limit 646:664 low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1) 646:688 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 2 21 theme large 319:323 arg1 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 2 22 theme rapid 386:390 arg1 separation 401:410 rapid magnetic separation 386:410 rapid magnetic separation 386:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 0 23 theme magnetic 33:40 arg1 graphene-Zn-MOFs 42:57 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs 13:57 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs 13:57 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 4 24 theme established 552:562 arg1 method 564:569 The established method 548:569 The established method 548:569 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 0 25 theme sandwich-structured 13:31 arg1 graphene-Zn-MOFs 42:57 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs 13:57 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs 13:57 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 4 26 theme good 575:578 arg1 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 10-1000 ng mL-1 591:605 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 26 theme good 575:578 arg1 linearity 580:588 good linearity 575:588 good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1) 575:606 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 27 theme RSD 717:719 arg1 precision 706:714 good intra-day precision 691:714 good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) 691:729 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 27 theme RSD 717:719 arg1 % 728:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 3 28 theme quantitative 513:524 arg1 analysis 526:533 its quantitative analysis 509:533 its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS 509:545 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 3 29 theme prior 500:504 arg1 plasma 493:498 plasma 493:498 plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS 493:545 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 3 30 theme Zn-MOFs 434:440 arg1 composites 442:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 0 31 theme graphene-Zn-MOFs 42:57 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs 0:57 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 3 32 theme magG 429:432 arg1 composites 442:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites 425:451 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 1 33 dep sides 249:253 arg1 denoted 256:262 denoted 256:262 denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs 256:278 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 0 34 theme quantitative 74:85 arg1 determination 87:99 quantitative determination 74:99 quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma 74:125 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 2 35 contain have 314:317 arg2 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 2 35 contain have 314:317 arg1 composites 303:312 The composites 299:312 The composites 299:312 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 0 36 from determination 87:99 arg1 plasma 120:125 rat plasma 116:125 rat plasma 116:125 Synthesis of sandwich-structured magnetic graphene-Zn-MOFs composites for quantitative determination of acarbose in rat plasma. 31892045 1 37 theme graphene 172:179 arg1 composites 181:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites 143:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 143:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 3 38 from extraction 467:476 arg1 plasma 493:498 plasma 493:498 plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS 493:545 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 2 39 theme 114 m2 g⁻1 345:354 arg1 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 3 40 theme acarbose 481:488 arg1 extraction 467:476 extraction 467:476 extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS 467:545 The magG@Zn-MOFs composites were used for extraction of acarbose in plasma prior to its quantitative analysis by LC-MS/MS. 31892045 5 41 theme pharmacokinetic 819:833 arg1 study 835:839 pharmacokinetic study 819:839 pharmacokinetic study of acarbose in rats 819:859 Finally, the method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of acarbose in rats. 31892045 4 42 theme satisfactory 609:620 arg1 recovery 622:629 satisfactory recovery 609:629 satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%) 609:643 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 42 theme satisfactory 609:620 arg1 % 642:642 94.3-107.5% 632:642 94.3-107.5% 632:642 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 43 dep limit 660:664 arg1 low 670:672 low 670:672 low 670:672 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 1 44 theme sandwich-structured 143:161 arg1 composites 181:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites 143:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 143:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 4 45 theme intra-day 696:704 arg1 precision 706:714 good intra-day precision 691:714 good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) 691:729 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 45 theme intra-day 696:704 arg1 % 728:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 RSD 3.5-5.3% 717:728 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 1 46 theme magnetic 163:170 arg1 composites 181:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites 143:190 sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) 143:279 In this study, sandwich-structured magnetic graphene composites with Zn metal-organic framework layer coated on both two sides (denoted as magG@Zn-MOFs) were synthesized. 31892045 2 47 theme separation 401:410 arg1 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 31892045 4 48 theme RSD 756:758 arg1 precision 745:753 inter-day precision 735:753 inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%) 735:768 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 4 48 theme RSD 756:758 arg1 % 767:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 RSD 6.3-8.1% 756:767 The established method has good linearity (10-1000 ng mL-1), satisfactory recovery (94.3-107.5%), low detection limit (as low as 2.5 ng mL-1), good intra-day precision (RSD 3.5-5.3%) and inter-day precision (RSD 6.3-8.1%). 31892045 2 49 theme structure 372:380 arg1 surface 334:340 large specific surface 319:340 large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation 319:410 The composites have large specific surface of 114 m2 g⁻1, uniform porous structure and rapid magnetic separation within 10 s. 30261678 0 0 theme Dyes 104:107 arg1 Removal 93:99 the Efficient Removal 79:99 the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater 79:123 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 8 1 theme removal 1204:1210 arg1 rate 1212:1215 the removal rate 1200:1215 the removal rate 1200:1215 Additionally, after nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles, the removal rate is still over 70%. 30261678 9 2 theme excellent 1298:1306 arg1 capability 1319:1328 excellent adsorption capability 1298:1328 excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1298:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 6 3 theme pseudo-second-order 1025:1043 arg1 model 1053:1057 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1021:1057 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1021:1057 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 30261678 6 4 theme adsorption 920:929 arg1 equilibrium 931:941 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics 916:965 equilibrium 931:941 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 30261678 9 5 theme gelatin/β-CD 1250:1261 arg1 adsorbents 1279:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 1 6 theme β-CD 190:193 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 1 7 theme dyes 280:283 arg1 removal 269:275 the removal 265:275 the removal of dyes from wastewater 265:299 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 9 8 theme violet 1357:1362 arg1 dyes 1402:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 10 9 theme high-efficiency 1479:1493 arg1 characteristics 1432:1446 the characteristics 1428:1446 the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency 1428:1493 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 2 10 theme infrared 320:327 arg1 FTIR 343:346 FTIR 343:346 FTIR 343:346 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 10 theme infrared 320:327 arg1 spectroscopy 329:340 infrared spectroscopy 320:340 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 320:347 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 4 11 dep material 692:699 arg1 pH 708:709 pH 708:709 pH 708:709 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 4 11 dep material 692:699 arg1 ratio 701:705 ratio 701:705 ratio 701:705 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 4 11 dep material 692:699 arg1 concentration 725:737 concentration 725:737 concentration 725:737 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 4 11 dep material 692:699 arg1 time 754:757 adsorption time 743:757 adsorption time 743:757 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 4 11 dep material 692:699 arg1 temperature 712:722 temperature 712:722 temperature 712:722 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 2 12 theme adsorbents 541:550 arg1 structures 461:470 the internal structures 448:470 the internal structures 448:470 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 12 theme adsorbents 541:550 arg1 morphologies 481:492 surface morphologies 473:492 surface morphologies 473:492 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 12 theme adsorbents 541:550 arg1 strength 509:516 mechanical strength 498:516 mechanical strength 498:516 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 9 13 theme brilliant 1365:1373 arg1 R 1380:1380 brilliant blue R 1365:1380 brilliant blue R 1365:1380 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 10 14 theme dyes 1586:1589 arg1 removal 1575:1581 the removal 1571:1581 the removal of dyes from wastewater 1571:1605 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 2 15 theme universal 391:399 arg1 tester 411:416 a universal materials tester 389:416 a universal materials tester 389:416 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 16 theme fiber 535:539 arg1 adsorbents 541:550 the composite fiber adsorbents 521:550 the composite fiber adsorbents 521:550 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 9 17 theme blue 1375:1378 arg1 R 1380:1380 brilliant blue R 1365:1380 brilliant blue R 1365:1380 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 10 18 theme cost 1470:1473 arg1 characteristics 1432:1446 the characteristics 1428:1446 the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency 1428:1493 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 5 19 theme gelatin/β-CD 799:810 arg1 adsorbents 828:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 1 20 theme composite 196:204 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 0 21 theme Friendly 16:23 arg1 Fiber 58:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 9 22 theme R 1380:1380 arg1 dyes 1402:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 10 23 theme composite 1513:1521 arg1 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 23 theme composite 1513:1521 arg1 fiber 1523:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 24 theme low 1466:1468 arg1 cost 1470:1473 low cost 1466:1473 low cost 1466:1473 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 9 25 theme fiber 1273:1277 arg1 adsorbents 1279:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 7 26 theme maximum 1090:1096 arg1 capacity 1109:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 7 26 theme maximum 1090:1096 arg1 mg·g-1 1126:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 1 27 theme fiber 206:210 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 0 28 theme Environmentally 0:14 arg1 Fiber 58:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 6 29 theme isotherm 1002:1009 arg1 model 1011:1015 the Langmuir isotherm model 989:1015 the Langmuir isotherm model 989:1015 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 30261678 9 30 theme basic 1334:1338 arg1 fuchsin 1340:1346 basic fuchsin 1334:1346 basic fuchsin 1334:1346 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 5 31 contain possess 839:845 arg2 efficiency 897:906 high adsorption efficiency 881:906 high adsorption efficiency for MB 881:913 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 5 31 contain possess 839:845 arg1 adsorbents 828:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 5 31 contain possess 839:845 arg2 strength 868:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 5 32 theme adsorption 886:895 arg1 efficiency 897:906 high adsorption efficiency 881:906 high adsorption efficiency for MB 881:913 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 0 33 theme Composite 48:56 arg1 Fiber 58:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 6 34 theme Langmuir 993:1000 arg1 model 1011:1015 the Langmuir isotherm model 989:1015 the Langmuir isotherm model 989:1015 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 30261678 9 35 theme composite 1263:1271 arg1 adsorbents 1279:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 1246:1288 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 4 36 theme adsorption 743:752 arg1 time 754:757 adsorption time 743:757 adsorption time 743:757 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 10 37 theme gelatin/β-CD 1500:1511 arg1 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 37 theme gelatin/β-CD 1500:1511 arg1 fiber 1523:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 38 theme degradability 1451:1463 arg1 characteristics 1432:1446 the characteristics 1428:1446 the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency 1428:1493 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 0 39 theme Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin 25:46 arg1 Fiber 58:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber 0:62 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 9 40 theme green 1396:1400 arg1 dyes 1402:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 1 41 from wastewater 290:299 arg1 dyes 280:283 dyes 280:283 dyes from wastewater 280:299 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 1 41 from wastewater 290:299 arg1 removal 269:275 the removal 265:275 the removal of dyes from wastewater 265:299 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 3 42 theme aqueous 651:657 arg1 solution 659:666 aqueous solution 651:666 aqueous solution 651:666 Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 30261678 4 43 theme material 692:699 arg1 effects 673:679 The effects 669:679 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time 669:757 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 2 44 dep Fourier 302:308 arg1 transform 310:318 transform 310:318 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester 310:416 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 45 theme mechanical 498:507 arg1 strength 509:516 mechanical strength 498:516 mechanical strength 498:516 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 7 46 theme adsorption 1098:1107 arg1 capacity 1109:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 7 46 theme adsorption 1098:1107 arg1 mg·g-1 1126:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 10 47 from removal 1575:1581 arg1 wastewater 1596:1605 wastewater 1596:1605 wastewater 1596:1605 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 48 used used 1536:1539 arg2 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 adsorbent 1557:1565 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 48 used used 1536:1539 arg2 fiber 1523:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber 1496:1527 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 5 49 theme excellent 847:855 arg1 strength 868:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 4 50 theme raw 688:690 arg1 material 692:699 the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time 684:757 the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time 684:757 The effects of the raw material ratio, pH, temperature, concentration and adsorption time were studied. 30261678 5 51 theme high 881:884 arg1 efficiency 897:906 high adsorption efficiency 881:906 high adsorption efficiency for MB 881:913 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 0 52 from Removal 93:99 arg1 Wastewater 114:123 Wastewater 114:123 Wastewater 114:123 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 2 53 theme internal 452:459 arg1 structures 461:470 the internal structures 448:470 the internal structures 448:470 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 5 54 theme mechanical 857:866 arg1 strength 868:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 excellent mechanical strength 847:875 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 3 55 from solution 659:666 arg1 removal 615:621 the removal 611:621 the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution 611:666 Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 30261678 7 56 theme theoretical 1078:1088 arg1 capacity 1109:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1074:1116 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 7 56 theme theoretical 1078:1088 arg1 mg·g-1 1126:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 47.4 mg·g-1 1121:1131 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 47.4 mg·g-1. 30261678 9 57 theme malachite 1386:1394 arg1 green 1396:1400 malachite green 1386:1400 malachite green 1386:1400 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 2 58 theme surface 473:479 arg1 morphologies 481:492 surface morphologies 473:492 surface morphologies 473:492 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 1 59 from removal 269:275 arg1 wastewater 290:299 wastewater 290:299 wastewater 290:299 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 9 60 theme adsorption 1308:1317 arg1 capability 1319:1328 excellent adsorption capability 1298:1328 excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1298:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 5 61 theme composite 812:820 arg1 adsorbents 828:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 2 62 theme electron 359:366 arg1 SEM 380:382 SEM 380:382 SEM 380:382 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 62 theme electron 359:366 arg1 microscopy 368:377 scanning electron microscopy 350:377 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 350:383 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 6 63 theme adsorption 947:956 arg1 kinetics 958:965 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics 916:965 kinetics 958:965 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 30261678 8 64 theme desorption-adsorption 1170:1190 arg1 cycles 1192:1197 nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles 1154:1197 nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles 1154:1197 Additionally, after nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles, the removal rate is still over 70%. 30261678 10 65 from wastewater 1596:1605 arg1 dyes 1586:1589 dyes 1586:1589 dyes from wastewater 1586:1605 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 10 65 from wastewater 1596:1605 arg1 removal 1575:1581 the removal 1571:1581 the removal of dyes from wastewater 1571:1605 Therefore, owing to the characteristics of degradability, low cost and high-efficiency, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 2 66 theme scanning 350:357 arg1 SEM 380:382 SEM 380:382 SEM 380:382 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 2 66 theme scanning 350:357 arg1 microscopy 368:377 scanning electron microscopy 350:377 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 350:383 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 8 67 theme successive 1159:1168 arg1 cycles 1192:1197 nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles 1154:1197 nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles 1154:1197 Additionally, after nine successive desorption-adsorption cycles, the removal rate is still over 70%. 30261678 0 68 from Wastewater 114:123 arg1 Dyes 104:107 Dyes 104:107 Dyes from Wastewater 104:123 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 0 68 from Wastewater 114:123 arg1 Removal 93:99 the Efficient Removal 79:99 the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater 79:123 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 5 69 theme fiber 822:826 arg1 adsorbents 828:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents 795:837 The results show that the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents possess excellent mechanical strength and high adsorption efficiency for MB. 30261678 1 70 theme environmentally 141:155 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 9 71 theme gentian 1349:1355 arg1 violet 1357:1362 gentian violet 1349:1362 gentian violet 1349:1362 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 2 72 theme composite 525:533 arg1 adsorbents 541:550 the composite fiber adsorbents 521:550 the composite fiber adsorbents 521:550 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 1 73 used used 256:259 arg2 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 3 74 theme methylene 626:634 arg1 removal 615:621 the removal 611:621 the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution 611:666 Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 30261678 1 75 theme friendly 157:164 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 2 76 theme materials 401:409 arg1 tester 411:416 a universal materials tester 389:416 a universal materials tester 389:416 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal materials tester were employed to characterize the internal structures, surface morphologies and mechanical strength of the composite fiber adsorbents. 30261678 0 77 theme Efficient 83:91 arg1 Removal 93:99 the Efficient Removal 79:99 the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater 79:123 Environmentally Friendly Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Composite Fiber Adsorbents for the Efficient Removal of Dyes from Wastewater. 30261678 9 78 theme fuchsin 1340:1346 arg1 dyes 1402:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes 1334:1405 Moreover, the gelatin/β-CD composite fiber adsorbents exhibit excellent adsorption capability for basic fuchsin, gentian violet, brilliant blue R and malachite green dyes. 30261678 3 79 theme blue 636:639 arg1 methylene 626:634 methylene blue 626:639 methylene blue (MB) 626:644 Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 30261678 3 79 theme blue 636:639 arg1 MB 642:643 MB 642:643 MB 642:643 Additionally, the fiber was evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. 30261678 1 80 theme gelatin/β-cyclodextrin 166:187 arg1 adsorbents 212:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents 141:221 environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning 141:249 In this paper, environmentally friendly gelatin/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite fiber adsorbents prepared by electrospinning were used for the removal of dyes from wastewater. 30261678 6 81 theme kinetic 1045:1051 arg1 model 1053:1057 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1021:1057 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1021:1057 The adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. 31905655 0 0 theme Catalytic 68:76 arg1 Activity 78:85 Highly Catalytic Activity 61:85 Highly Catalytic Activity 61:85 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 5 1 theme @ 784:784 arg1 catalyst 788:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst 777:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 777:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 5 2 theme Catalytic 673:681 arg1 studies 683:689 Catalytic studies 673:689 Catalytic studies 673:689 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 6 3 theme ZIF-8 865:869 arg1 integration 850:860 the integration 846:860 the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component 846:936 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 1 4 theme Ag 238:239 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 6 5 theme component 928:936 arg1 advantaged 909:918 advantaged 909:918 advantaged 909:918 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 1 6 theme porous 311:316 arg1 shell 324:328 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 shell 324:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 7 7 theme core-shell 1139:1148 arg1 catalysts 1150:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 1 8 theme @ 240:240 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 1 9 theme ZIF-8 318:322 arg1 shell 324:328 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 shell 324:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 3 10 theme in 486:487 arg1 reduction 494:502 an in situ reduction 483:502 an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA) 483:544 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 6 11 theme heterogeneous 1018:1030 arg1 catalysis 1032:1040 heterogeneous catalysis 1018:1040 heterogeneous catalysis 1018:1040 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 1 12 theme ZIF-8 241:245 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 7 13 theme new 1082:1084 arg1 method 1086:1091 a new method 1080:1091 a new method 1080:1091 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 4 14 theme Ag 563:564 arg1 nanocomposite 572:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 7 15 theme magnetic 1130:1137 arg1 catalysts 1150:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 1 16 theme nanospheres 247:257 arg1 synthesis 169:177 synthesis 169:177 synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 169:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 17 theme Cellulose 96:104 arg1 Nanocrystals 106:117 Cellulose Nanocrystals 96:117 Cellulose Nanocrystals 96:117 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 7 18 theme great 1175:1179 arg1 potential 1181:1189 great potential 1175:1189 great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry 1175:1249 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 3 19 theme Ag 422:423 arg1 NPs 425:427 Ag NPs 422:427 Ag NPs 422:427 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 5 20 theme catalytic 753:761 arg1 activity 763:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 5 21 theme CuFe2O4/CNC 707:717 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 6 22 theme @ 887:887 arg1 Ag 888:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag 876:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component 876:936 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 5 23 with catalyst 788:795 arg1 constant 811:818 the rate constant 802:818 the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 802:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 5 24 theme @ 718:718 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 2 25 dep CNC 402:404 arg1 the 386:388 the 386:388 the 386:388 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were first prepared in the presence of CNC and dispersant. 31905655 2 25 dep CNC 402:404 arg1 presence 390:397 presence 390:397 presence 390:397 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were first prepared in the presence of CNC and dispersant. 31905655 5 26 theme Ag 719:720 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 4 27 theme adsorption-desorption 626:646 arg1 isotherms 648:656 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms 623:656 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms 623:656 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 5 28 contain had 737:739 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 5 28 contain had 737:739 arg2 activity 763:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 3 29 theme dopamine 516:523 arg1 PDA 541:543 PDA 541:543 PDA 541:543 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 3 29 theme dopamine 516:523 arg1 polymerization 525:538 dopamine polymerization 516:538 dopamine polymerization (PDA) 516:544 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 1 30 theme cellulose 182:190 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 31 theme CuFe2O4 24:30 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 7 32 from potential 1181:1189 arg1 biocatalysis 1210:1221 biocatalysis 1210:1221 biocatalysis 1210:1221 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 7 32 from potential 1181:1189 arg1 chemistry 1241:1249 environmental chemistry 1227:1249 environmental chemistry 1227:1249 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 1 33 theme nanocrystals 192:203 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 34 theme Magnetic 15:22 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 5 35 theme min-1 828:832 arg1 constant 811:818 the rate constant 802:818 the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 802:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 5 36 theme @ 721:721 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 3 37 theme CuFe2O4/CNC 456:466 arg1 composites 468:477 the CuFe2O4/CNC composites 452:477 the CuFe2O4/CNC composites 452:477 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 0 38 theme Ag 32:33 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 7 39 theme catalysts 1150:1158 arg1 fabrication 1101:1111 the fabrication 1097:1111 the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1097:1158 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 5 40 theme CuFe2O4 777:783 arg1 catalyst 788:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst 777:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 777:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 1 41 theme CNC 206:208 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 42 theme @ 31:31 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 1 43 theme paramagnetic 278:289 arg1 core 302:305 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 core 302:305 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 6 44 theme CuFe2O4/CNC 876:886 arg1 Ag 888:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag 876:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component 876:936 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 4 45 theme @ 562:562 arg1 nanocomposite 572:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 4 46 theme ZIF-8 566:570 arg1 nanocomposite 572:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 0 47 theme ZIF-8 35:39 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 1 48 theme CuFe2O4 291:297 arg1 core 302:305 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 core 302:305 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 7 49 theme CNC-supported 1116:1128 arg1 catalysts 1150:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts 1116:1158 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 6 50 theme catalytic 996:1004 arg1 activity 1006:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity 984:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis 984:1040 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 4 51 theme N2 623:624 arg1 isotherms 648:656 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms 623:656 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms 623:656 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 0 52 theme @ 34:34 arg1 Nanocomposites 41:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites 15:54 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 1 53 theme @ 298:298 arg1 core 302:305 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 core 302:305 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 7 54 theme environmental 1227:1239 arg1 chemistry 1241:1249 environmental chemistry 1227:1249 environmental chemistry 1227:1249 Therefore, these results demonstrate a new method for the fabrication of CNC-supported magnetic core-shell catalysts, which display great potential for application in biocatalysis and environmental chemistry. 31905655 5 55 theme rate 806:809 arg1 constant 811:818 the rate constant 802:818 the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 802:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 1 56 theme Ag 299:300 arg1 core 302:305 a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 276:328 core 302:305 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 57 with Preparation 0:10 arg1 Activity 78:85 Highly Catalytic Activity 61:85 Highly Catalytic Activity 61:85 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 3 58 dep in 486:487 arg1 situ 489:492 situ 489:492 situ 489:492 Ag NPs were then deposited on the CuFe2O4/CNC composites via an in situ reduction directed by dopamine polymerization (PDA). 31905655 6 59 theme enhanced 987:994 arg1 activity 1006:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity 984:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis 984:1040 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 1 60 theme -supported 210:219 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 6 61 from activity 1006:1013 arg1 catalysis 1032:1040 heterogeneous catalysis 1018:1040 heterogeneous catalysis 1018:1040 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 6 62 contain have 979:982 arg2 activity 1006:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity 984:1013 an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis 984:1040 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 6 62 contain have 979:982 arg1 nanocomposites 943:956 the nanocomposites 939:956 the nanocomposites 939:956 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 5 63 theme ZIF-8 722:726 arg1 catalyst 728:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst 703:735 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 1 64 theme facile 122:127 arg1 approach 129:136 A facile approach 120:136 A facile approach 120:136 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 1 65 theme magnetic 221:228 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 5 66 theme higher 746:751 arg1 activity 763:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 much higher catalytic activity 741:770 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 4 67 theme @ 565:565 arg1 nanocomposite 572:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 2 68 theme CuFe2O4 335:341 arg1 NPs 358:360 NPs 358:360 NPs 358:360 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were first prepared in the presence of CNC and dispersant. 31905655 2 68 theme CuFe2O4 335:341 arg1 nanoparticles 343:355 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles 331:355 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) 331:361 The CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were first prepared in the presence of CNC and dispersant. 31905655 6 69 with ZIF-8 865:869 arg1 Ag 888:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag 876:889 CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component 876:936 Because of the integration of ZIF-8 with CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag that combines the advantaged of each component, the nanocomposites were demonstrated to have an enhanced catalytic activity in heterogeneous catalysis. 31905655 1 70 theme CuFe2O4 230:236 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31905655 0 71 theme Nanocomposites 41:54 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity 0:85 Preparation of Magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 Nanocomposites with Highly Catalytic Activity Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals. 31905655 4 72 theme CuFe2O4/CNC 551:561 arg1 nanocomposite 572:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite 547:584 The CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, VSM, and XPS. 31905655 5 73 theme Ag 785:786 arg1 catalyst 788:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst 777:795 CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1 777:832 Catalytic studies showed that the CuFe2O4/CNC@Ag@ZIF-8 catalyst had much higher catalytic activity than CuFe2O4@Ag catalyst with the rate constant of 0.64 min-1. 31905655 1 74 theme @ 237:237 arg1 nanospheres 247:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres 182:257 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell 182:328 A facile approach was successfully developed for synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-supported magnetic CuFe2O4@Ag@ZIF-8 nanospheres which consist of a paramagnetic CuFe2O4@Ag core and porous ZIF-8 shell. 31843613 0 0 theme isolate 91:97 arg1 hansenii 116:123 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 4 1 theme inoclume 913:920 arg1 % 928:928 inoclume size 7% 913:928 inoclume size 7% 913:928 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 2 theme glucose 834:840 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 3 theme Plackett-Burman 696:710 arg1 results 681:687 the results 677:687 the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD) 677:746 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 2 4 from effect 304:309 arg1 production 344:353 BC production 341:353 BC production 341:353 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 0 5 theme Egyptian 82:89 arg1 hansenii 116:123 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 5 6 theme purified 1009:1016 arg1 BC 1018:1019 purified BC 1009:1019 purified BC 1009:1019 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 1 7 theme biocellulose 179:190 arg1 production 197:206 biocellulose (BC) production 179:206 biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 179:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 4 8 theme designs 734:740 arg1 results 681:687 the results 677:687 the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD) 677:746 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 9 theme BC 1369:1370 arg1 BC 1369:1370 BC 1369:1370 BC 1369:1370 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 5 9 theme BC 1369:1370 arg1 % 1364:1364 beak % 1359:1364 beak % of BC 1359:1370 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 5 10 theme thermal 1225:1231 arg1 stability 1233:1241 thermal stability 1225:1241 thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis 1225:1271 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 0 11 theme Komagataeibacter 99:114 arg1 hansenii 116:123 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 2 12 theme parameters 327:336 arg1 effect 304:309 The effect 300:309 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production 300:353 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 4 13 theme 7.18 ml/l 894:902 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 14 theme incubation 965:974 arg1 time 976:979 incubation time 965:979 incubation time 965:979 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 15 theme following 753:761 arg1 optimum 819:825 optimum 819:825 optimum (g/l) 819:831 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 15 theme following 753:761 arg1 composition 770:780 the following medium composition 749:780 the following medium composition 749:780 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 16 theme Young 1307:1311 arg1 modulus 1315:1321 Young's modulus 1307:1321 Young's modulus 1307:1321 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 0 17 theme biocellulose 51:62 arg1 characterization 29:44 characterization 29:44 characterization 29:44 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 0 17 theme biocellulose 51:62 arg1 optimization 12:23 Statistical optimization 0:23 Statistical optimization 0:23 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 4 18 theme cultivation 931:941 arg1 20 °C 955:959 cultivation temperature 20 °C 931:959 cultivation temperature 20 °C 931:959 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 19 theme functional 1163:1172 arg1 groups 1174:1179 functional groups 1163:1179 functional groups 1163:1179 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 1 20 theme BC 193:194 arg1 production 197:206 biocellulose (BC) production 179:206 biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 179:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 4 21 theme temperature 943:953 arg1 20 °C 955:959 cultivation temperature 20 °C 931:959 cultivation temperature 20 °C 931:959 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 22 theme X-ray 1121:1125 arg1 diffraction 1127:1137 X-ray diffraction 1121:1137 X-ray diffraction 1121:1137 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 4 23 theme pH 5.5 905:910 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 2 24 theme culture 319:325 arg1 parameters 327:336 nine culture parameters 314:336 nine culture parameters 314:336 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 2 25 theme Plackett-Burman 389:403 arg1 design 405:410 the Plackett-Burman design 385:410 the Plackett-Burman design 385:410 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 0 26 theme Statistical 0:10 arg1 optimization 12:23 Statistical optimization 0:23 Statistical optimization 0:23 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 3 27 theme Box-Behnken 572:582 arg1 design 584:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 3 28 theme variable 654:661 arg1 level 628:632 the optimum level 616:632 the optimum level of each significant variable 616:661 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 4 29 theme Box-Behnken 722:732 arg1 BBD 743:745 BBD 743:745 BBD 743:745 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 29 theme Box-Behnken 722:732 arg1 designs 734:740 Box-Behnken designs 722:740 Box-Behnken designs (BBD) 722:746 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 3 30 theme three-level 544:554 arg1 design 584:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 5 31 theme mechanical 1277:1286 arg1 properties 1288:1297 mechanical properties 1277:1297 mechanical properties such as Young's modulus 1277:1321 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 5 31 theme mechanical 1277:1286 arg1 modulus 1315:1321 Young's modulus 1307:1321 Young's modulus 1307:1321 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 4 32 theme 20 °C 955:959 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 33 theme network 1052:1058 arg1 morphology 1060:1069 the network morphology 1048:1069 the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups 1048:1179 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 4 34 theme MgSO4 864:868 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 3 35 theme significant 642:652 arg1 variable 654:661 each significant variable 637:661 each significant variable 637:661 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 2 36 theme BC 485:486 arg1 production 488:497 BC production 485:497 BC production 485:497 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 4 37 theme KH2PO4 876:881 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 1 38 dep Komagataeibacter 251:266 arg1 AS.5 277:280 AS.5 277:280 AS.5 277:280 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 4 39 dep calculated 802:811 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 40 theme size 922:925 arg1 % 928:928 inoclume size 7% 913:928 inoclume size 7% 913:928 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 41 theme % 928:928 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 2 42 theme yeast 527:531 arg1 extract 533:539 yeast extract 527:539 yeast extract 527:539 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 5 43 theme chemical 1140:1147 arg1 structure 1149:1157 chemical structure 1140:1157 chemical structure 1140:1157 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 1 44 theme isolated 224:231 arg1 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 1 44 theme isolated 224:231 arg1 strain 243:248 a previously isolated bacterial strain 211:248 a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 211:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 5 45 theme scanning 1074:1081 arg1 microscopy 1092:1101 scanning electron microscopy 1074:1101 scanning electron microscopy 1074:1101 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 4 46 theme extract 852:858 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 47 theme BC 1018:1019 arg1 Characterization 989:1004 Characterization 989:1004 Characterization of purified BC 989:1019 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 5 48 theme infrared 1202:1209 arg1 spectroscopy 1211:1222 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1184:1222 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1184:1222 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 2 49 theme significant 453:463 arg1 MgSO4 504:508 MgSO4 504:508 MgSO4 504:508 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 2 49 theme significant 453:463 arg1 variables 465:473 the most significant variables 444:473 the most significant variables affecting BC production 444:497 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 4 50 theme yeast 846:850 arg1 extract 852:858 yeast extract 13 846:861 yeast extract 13 846:861 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 51 theme beak 1359:1362 arg1 BC 1369:1370 BC 1369:1370 BC 1369:1370 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 5 51 theme beak 1359:1362 arg1 % 1364:1364 beak % 1359:1364 beak % of BC 1359:1370 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 2 52 theme BC 341:342 arg1 production 344:353 BC production 341:353 BC production 341:353 The effect of nine culture parameters on BC production was evaluated by implementing the Plackett-Burman design, and the results revealed that, the most significant variables affecting BC production were MgSO4, ethanol, pH and yeast extract. 31843613 3 53 theme four-factor 560:570 arg1 design 584:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design 542:589 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 3 54 theme optimum 620:626 arg1 level 628:632 the optimum level 616:632 the optimum level of each significant variable 616:661 A three-level and four-factor Box-Behnken design was applied to determine the optimum level of each significant variable. 31843613 1 55 theme bacterial 233:241 arg1 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Komagataeibacter 251:266 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 1 55 theme bacterial 233:241 arg1 strain 243:248 a previously isolated bacterial strain 211:248 a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 211:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 4 56 theme medium 763:768 arg1 optimum 819:825 optimum 819:825 optimum (g/l) 819:831 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 56 theme medium 763:768 arg1 composition 770:780 the following medium composition 749:780 the following medium composition 749:780 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 1 57 theme culture 151:157 arg1 parameters 159:168 the culture parameters 147:168 the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 147:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 5 58 theme thermogravimetric 1246:1262 arg1 analysis 1264:1271 thermogravimetric analysis 1246:1271 thermogravimetric analysis 1246:1271 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 0 59 theme local 76:80 arg1 hansenii 116:123 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5 76:128 Statistical optimization and characterization of a biocellulose produced by local Egyptian isolate Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5. 31843613 5 60 theme tensile 1324:1330 arg1 strength 1332:1339 tensile strength 1324:1339 tensile strength 1324:1339 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 1 61 theme parameters 159:168 arg1 Optimization 131:142 Optimization 131:142 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) 131:281 Optimization of the culture parameters used for biocellulose (BC) production by a previously isolated bacterial strain (Komagataeibacter hansenii AS.5) was carried out. 31843613 5 62 theme Fourier-transform 1184:1200 arg1 spectroscopy 1211:1222 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1184:1222 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1184:1222 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31843613 4 63 theme ethanol 886:892 arg1 7.18 ml/l 894:902 ethanol 7.18 ml/l 886:902 ethanol 7.18 ml/l 886:902 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 4 64 theme time 976:979 arg1 9 days 981:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days 834:986 According to the results of the Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken designs (BBD), the following medium composition and parameters were calculated to be optimum (g/l): glucose 25, yeast extract 13, MgSO4 0.15, KH2PO4 2, ethanol 7.18 ml/l, pH 5.5, inoclume size 7%, cultivation temperature 20 °C and incubation time 9 days. 31843613 5 65 theme electron 1083:1090 arg1 microscopy 1092:1101 scanning electron microscopy 1074:1101 scanning electron microscopy 1074:1101 Characterization of purified BC was performed to determine the network morphology by scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray diffraction, chemical structure and functional groups by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis and mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at beak % of BC. 31862362 9 0 theme US-TG 1333:1337 arg1 treatments 1339:1348 US-TG treatments 1333:1348 US-TG treatments 1333:1348 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 9 1 theme pronounced 1364:1373 arg1 effect 1375:1380 a more pronounced effect 1357:1380 a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties 1357:1423 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 9 2 from effect 1375:1380 arg1 structure 1389:1397 the structure 1385:1397 the structure 1385:1397 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 9 2 from effect 1375:1380 arg1 properties 1414:1423 mechanical properties 1403:1423 mechanical properties 1403:1423 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 3 3 theme amide 693:697 arg1 zone 699:702 the amide zone 689:702 the amide zone 689:702 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 3 4 from vibrations 779:788 arg1 film 819:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 1 5 theme films 447:451 arg1 structural 339:348 structural 339:348 structural 339:348 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 3 6 from CO 793:794 arg1 film 819:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 5 7 theme TG 1053:1054 arg1 application 1038:1048 the application 1034:1048 the application of TG 1034:1054 The US improved mechanical properties by increasing the tensile strength (with or without the application of TG). 31862362 2 8 theme degradation 543:553 arg1 temperatures 515:526 the maximum temperatures 503:526 the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation 503:553 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 0 9 from Effect 0:5 arg1 combination 49:59 combination 49:59 combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 49:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 2 10 theme treatment 600:608 arg1 use 574:576 the use 570:576 the use of combined US and TG treatment 570:608 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 0 11 theme structural 104:113 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 3 12 theme polypeptide 726:736 arg1 structure 738:746 the polypeptide structure 722:746 the polypeptide structure 722:746 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 2 13 theme TG 597:598 arg1 treatment 600:608 TG treatment 597:608 TG treatment 597:608 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 9 14 theme treatments 1339:1348 arg1 combination 1318:1328 the combination 1314:1328 the combination of US-TG treatments 1314:1348 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 9 15 theme mechanical 1403:1412 arg1 properties 1414:1423 mechanical properties 1403:1423 mechanical properties 1403:1423 In general, the combination of US-TG treatments showed a more pronounced effect on the structure and mechanical properties. 31862362 3 16 theme structure 738:746 arg1 oscillations 706:717 I oscillations 704:717 I oscillations of the polypeptide structure 704:746 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 2 17 theme thermal 642:648 arg1 stability 650:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 5 18 theme mechanical 960:969 arg1 properties 971:980 mechanical properties 960:980 mechanical properties 960:980 The US improved mechanical properties by increasing the tensile strength (with or without the application of TG). 31862362 0 19 theme mechanical 116:125 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 2 20 theme superior 633:640 arg1 stability 650:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 3 21 from film 819:822 arg1 vibrations 779:788 the stretching vibrations 764:788 the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film 764:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 6 22 from increase 1165:1172 arg1 strength 1185:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 22 from increase 1165:1172 arg1 percentage 1149:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 22 from increase 1165:1172 arg1 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 23 theme elongation 1138:1147 arg1 percentage 1149:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 4 24 theme TG 940:941 arg1 action 930:935 the action 926:935 the action of TG 926:941 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 2 25 theme US 590:591 arg1 use 574:576 the use 570:576 the use of combined US and TG treatment 570:608 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 6 26 from decrease 1126:1133 arg1 strength 1185:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 26 from decrease 1126:1133 arg1 percentage 1149:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 26 from decrease 1126:1133 arg1 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 1 27 theme physicochemical 376:390 arg1 properties 392:401 physicochemical properties 376:401 physicochemical properties 376:401 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 0 28 theme ultrasound 25:34 arg1 treatment 36:44 high-intensity ultrasound treatment 10:44 high-intensity ultrasound treatment 10:44 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 0 29 theme physicochemical 132:146 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 2 30 with films 622:626 arg1 stability 650:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 superior thermal stability 633:658 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 1 31 theme high-intensity 215:228 arg1 ultrasound 230:239 high-intensity ultrasound 215:239 high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) 215:330 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 0 32 theme high-intensity 10:23 arg1 treatment 36:44 high-intensity ultrasound treatment 10:44 high-intensity ultrasound treatment 10:44 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 4 33 theme bonds 917:921 arg1 formation 895:903 formation 895:903 formation 895:903 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 4 33 theme bonds 917:921 arg1 structure 881:889 structure 881:889 structure 881:889 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 3 34 theme FTIR 661:664 arg1 results 666:672 FTIR results 661:672 FTIR results 661:672 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 1 35 theme ultrasound 230:239 arg1 effect 205:210 The effect 201:210 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 201:451 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 4 36 dep structure 881:889 arg1 the 877:879 the 877:879 the 877:879 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 0 37 from nanoparticles 87:99 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 8 38 theme vapour 1258:1263 arg1 permeability 1265:1276 Water vapour permeability 1252:1276 Water vapour permeability 1252:1276 Water vapour permeability increased in all cases. 31862362 0 39 theme treatment 36:44 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 0:199 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 1 40 theme nanoparticles 313:325 arg1 inclusion 300:308 the inclusion 296:308 the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) 296:330 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 40 theme nanoparticles 313:325 arg1 TG 288:289 TG 288:289 TG 288:289 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 40 theme nanoparticles 313:325 arg1 treatment 277:285 transglutaminase treatment 260:285 transglutaminase treatment (TG) 260:290 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 3 41 from zone 699:702 arg1 related 753:759 related 753:759 related 753:759 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 6 42 from increase 1103:1110 arg1 strength 1185:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 42 from increase 1103:1110 arg1 percentage 1149:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 elongation percentage 1138:1158 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 6 42 from increase 1103:1110 arg1 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 thickness 1115:1123 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 8 43 theme Water 1252:1256 arg1 permeability 1265:1276 Water vapour permeability 1252:1276 Water vapour permeability 1252:1276 Water vapour permeability increased in all cases. 31862362 3 44 theme CO 793:794 arg1 vibrations 779:788 the stretching vibrations 764:788 the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film 764:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 0 45 theme proteins/chitosan 169:185 arg1 films 194:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 0 46 from transglutaminase 66:81 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 2 47 theme thermal 535:541 arg1 degradation 543:553 the thermal degradation 531:553 the thermal degradation 531:553 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 4 48 theme covalent 908:915 arg1 bonds 917:921 covalent bonds 908:921 covalent bonds 908:921 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 4 49 from changes 866:872 arg1 formation 895:903 formation 895:903 formation 895:903 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 4 49 from changes 866:872 arg1 structure 881:889 structure 881:889 structure 881:889 Which has generally been associated with changes in the structure and formation of covalent bonds by the action of TG. 31862362 3 50 theme stretching 768:777 arg1 vibrations 779:788 the stretching vibrations 764:788 the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film 764:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 0 51 theme quinoa 162:167 arg1 films 194:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 1 52 theme quinoa 406:411 arg1 films 447:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 3 53 from related 753:759 arg1 zone 699:702 the amide zone 689:702 the amide zone 689:702 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 5 54 theme tensile 1000:1006 arg1 strength 1008:1015 the tensile strength 996:1015 the tensile strength (with or without the application of TG) 996:1055 The US improved mechanical properties by increasing the tensile strength (with or without the application of TG). 31862362 0 55 theme films 194:198 arg1 properties 148:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties 104:157 structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 104:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 1 56 theme protein/chitosan 413:428 arg1 films 447:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 3 57 theme US/TG-Np 803:810 arg1 film 819:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 0 58 theme edible 187:192 arg1 films 194:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films 162:198 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 1 59 theme composite 430:438 arg1 films 447:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 60 from effect 205:210 arg1 properties 392:401 physicochemical properties 376:401 physicochemical properties 376:401 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 60 from effect 205:210 arg1 structural 339:348 structural 339:348 structural 339:348 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 60 from effect 205:210 arg1 barrier 363:369 barrier 363:369 barrier 363:369 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 60 from effect 205:210 arg1 mechanical 351:360 mechanical 351:360 mechanical 351:360 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 6 61 theme significant 1091:1101 arg1 increase 1103:1110 a significant increase 1089:1110 a significant increase in thickness 1089:1123 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 3 62 theme edible 812:817 arg1 film 819:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 the US/TG-Np edible film 799:822 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 1 63 theme edible 440:445 arg1 films 447:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films 406:451 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 6 64 theme tensile 1177:1183 arg1 strength 1185:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 tensile strength 1177:1192 While combining US-TG produced a significant increase in thickness, decrease in elongation percentage, and increase in tensile strength. 31862362 0 65 with combination 49:59 arg1 nanoparticles 87:99 nanoparticles 87:99 nanoparticles 87:99 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 0 65 with combination 49:59 arg1 transglutaminase 66:81 transglutaminase 66:81 transglutaminase 66:81 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound treatment in combination with transglutaminase and nanoparticles on structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of quinoa proteins/chitosan edible films. 31862362 2 66 theme maximum 507:513 arg1 temperatures 515:526 the maximum temperatures 503:526 the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation 503:553 Structurally it was observed that the maximum temperatures of the thermal degradation increased with the use of combined US and TG treatment, generating films with superior thermal stability. 31862362 3 67 theme I 704:704 arg1 oscillations 706:717 I oscillations 704:717 I oscillations of the polypeptide structure 704:746 FTIR results showed that in the amide zone I oscillations of the polypeptide structure were related to the stretching vibrations of CO in the US/TG-Np edible film. 31862362 1 68 dep ultrasound 230:239 arg1 US 242:243 US 242:243 US 242:243 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 69 theme transglutaminase 260:275 arg1 TG 288:289 TG 288:289 TG 288:289 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 31862362 1 69 theme transglutaminase 260:275 arg1 treatment 277:285 transglutaminase treatment 260:285 transglutaminase treatment (TG) 260:290 The effect of high-intensity ultrasound (US) combined with transglutaminase treatment (TG) and the inclusion of nanoparticles (Np) on the structural, mechanical, barrier, and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein/chitosan composite edible films were evaluated. 29790010 0 0 theme Films 82:86 arg1 Bioadhesion 29:39 the Bioadhesion 25:39 the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 25:86 Pectin and Mucin Enhance the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films. 29790010 4 1 theme mechanical 732:741 arg1 properties 743:752 mechanical properties 732:752 mechanical properties 732:752 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 1 theme mechanical 732:741 arg1 adhesiveness 662:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 8 2 dep CONCLUSIONS 1230:1240 arg1 method 1299:1304 a straightforward and simple method 1270:1304 a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis 1270:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 2 dep CONCLUSIONS 1230:1240 arg1 molding 1253:1259 The liquid molding 1242:1259 The liquid molding used 1242:1264 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 0 3 theme Cellulose 72:80 arg1 Films 82:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Pectin and Mucin Enhance the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films. 29790010 7 4 theme metronidazole 1158:1170 arg1 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 7 4 theme metronidazole 1158:1170 arg1 amount 1148:1153 the total amount 1138:1153 the total amount of metronidazole 1138:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 8 5 theme oral 1401:1404 arg1 diseases 1406:1413 local oral diseases 1395:1413 local oral diseases 1395:1413 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 5 theme oral 1401:1404 arg1 periodontitis 1424:1436 periodontitis 1424:1436 periodontitis 1424:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 4 6 dep in 810:811 arg1 vitro 813:817 vitro 813:817 vitro 813:817 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 9 7 theme natural 1463:1469 arg1 safe 1550:1553 safe 1550:1553 safe 1550:1553 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 9 7 theme natural 1463:1469 arg1 polymers 1485:1492 natural biodegradable polymers 1463:1492 natural biodegradable polymers 1463:1492 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 4 8 theme TR146 838:842 arg1 cells 844:848 TR146 cells 838:848 TR146 cells 838:848 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 3 9 dep METHODS 392:398 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 9 dep METHODS 392:398 arg1 cellulose 455:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 9 dep METHODS 392:398 arg1 cellulose 414:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 10 theme functional 566:575 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 10 theme functional 566:575 arg1 enhancers 589:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 4 11 theme compound 783:790 arg1 metronidazole 792:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 2 12 theme releasing 279:287 arg1 films 289:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films 261:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 261:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 3 13 theme bioadhesion 577:587 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 13 theme bioadhesion 577:587 arg1 enhancers 589:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 8 14 theme drug 1317:1320 arg1 films 1352:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 5 15 theme film 994:997 arg1 composition 1007:1017 the film polymer composition 990:1017 the film polymer composition 990:1017 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 4 16 theme solid 676:680 arg1 characteristics 688:702 solid state characteristics 676:702 solid state characteristics 676:702 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 16 theme solid 676:680 arg1 adhesiveness 662:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 3 17 used used 470:473 arg2 enhancers 589:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 functional bioadhesion enhancers 566:597 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 17 used used 470:473 arg2 film 478:481 film 478:481 film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 478:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 17 used used 470:473 arg2 cellulose 414:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 17 used used 470:473 arg2 cellulose 455:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 17 used used 470:473 arg2 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 8 18 theme liquid 1246:1251 arg1 method 1299:1304 a straightforward and simple method 1270:1304 a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis 1270:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 18 theme liquid 1246:1251 arg1 molding 1253:1259 The liquid molding 1242:1259 The liquid molding used 1242:1264 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 7 19 theme total 1142:1146 arg1 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 7 19 theme total 1142:1146 arg1 amount 1148:1153 the total amount 1138:1153 the total amount of metronidazole 1138:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 4 20 dep metronidazole 792:804 arg1 the 773:775 the 773:775 the 773:775 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 7 21 theme amount 1148:1153 arg1 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 metronidazole 1158:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 7 21 theme amount 1148:1153 arg1 amount 1148:1153 the total amount 1138:1153 the total amount of metronidazole 1138:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 7 21 theme amount 1148:1153 arg1 % 1133:1133 60-80% 1128:1133 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole 1128:1170 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 2 22 theme mucoadhesive 261:272 arg1 films 289:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films 261:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 261:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 4 23 theme film 705:708 arg1 morphology 710:719 film morphology 705:719 film morphology 705:719 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 23 theme film 705:708 arg1 adhesiveness 662:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 24 theme Different 600:608 arg1 combinations 618:629 Different polymer combinations 600:629 Different polymer combinations 600:629 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 2 25 theme non-toxic 311:319 arg1 polymers 339:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers 300:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 300:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 3 26 theme nanofibrillar 441:453 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 26 theme nanofibrillar 441:453 arg1 cellulose 455:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 27 theme Nanofibrillar 400:412 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 27 theme Nanofibrillar 400:412 arg1 cellulose 414:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 Nanofibrillar cellulose 400:422 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 8 28 theme simple 1292:1297 arg1 method 1299:1304 a straightforward and simple method 1270:1304 a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis 1270:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 28 theme simple 1292:1297 arg1 molding 1253:1259 The liquid molding 1242:1259 The liquid molding used 1242:1264 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 1 29 theme PURPOSE 89:95 arg1 property 125:132 an important property 112:132 an important property 112:132 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 1 29 theme PURPOSE 89:95 arg1 Bioadhesion 97:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 6 30 theme bioadhesive 1024:1034 arg1 components 1036:1045 All bioadhesive components 1020:1045 All bioadhesive components 1020:1045 All bioadhesive components were non-toxic and showed high adhesiveness. 29790010 2 31 theme bio-based 300:308 arg1 polymers 339:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers 300:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 300:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 1 32 theme pharmaceutical 183:196 arg1 applications 213:224 pharmaceutical and biomedical applications 183:224 pharmaceutical and biomedical applications 183:224 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 4 33 theme model 777:781 arg1 metronidazole 792:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 34 theme polymer 610:616 arg1 combinations 618:629 Different polymer combinations 600:629 Different polymer combinations 600:629 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 2 35 theme drug 274:277 arg1 films 289:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films 261:293 mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 261:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 1 36 theme biological 137:146 arg1 membranes 148:156 biological membranes 137:156 biological membranes 137:156 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 3 37 theme anionic 428:434 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 37 theme anionic 428:434 arg1 cellulose 455:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 4 38 theme drug 755:758 arg1 release 760:766 drug release 755:766 drug release 755:766 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 38 theme drug 755:758 arg1 adhesiveness 662:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 5 39 theme lamellar 899:906 arg1 structures 908:917 lamellar structures 899:917 lamellar structures 899:917 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 1 40 theme biomedical 202:211 arg1 applications 213:224 pharmaceutical and biomedical applications 183:224 pharmaceutical and biomedical applications 183:224 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 3 41 theme type 436:439 arg1 METHODS 392:398 METHODS 392:398 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 392:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 41 theme type 436:439 arg1 cellulose 455:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose 428:463 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 42 with materials 491:499 arg1 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 42 with materials 491:499 arg1 components 525:534 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 42 with materials 491:499 arg1 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 42 with materials 491:499 arg1 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 4 43 theme in 810:811 arg1 cytotoxicity 819:830 in vitro cytotoxicity 810:830 in vitro cytotoxicity 810:830 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 44 theme buccal 859:864 arg1 epithelium 866:875 model buccal epithelium 853:875 model buccal epithelium 853:875 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 8 45 theme releasing 1322:1330 arg1 films 1352:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 0 46 theme Drug 44:47 arg1 Films 82:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Pectin and Mucin Enhance the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films. 29790010 8 47 theme local 1395:1399 arg1 diseases 1406:1413 local oral diseases 1395:1413 local oral diseases 1395:1413 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 47 theme local 1395:1399 arg1 periodontitis 1424:1436 periodontitis 1424:1436 periodontitis 1424:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 7 48 theme Rapid 1092:1096 arg1 release 1103:1109 Rapid drug release 1092:1109 Rapid drug release 1092:1109 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 3 49 theme mucoadhesive 512:523 arg1 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 49 theme mucoadhesive 512:523 arg1 components 525:534 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 49 theme mucoadhesive 512:523 arg1 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 49 theme mucoadhesive 512:523 arg1 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 7 50 theme film 1212:1215 arg1 formulation 1217:1227 the film formulation 1208:1227 the film formulation 1208:1227 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 1 51 theme important 115:123 arg1 property 125:132 an important property 112:132 an important property 112:132 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 1 51 theme important 115:123 arg1 Bioadhesion 97:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 7 52 theme drug 1098:1101 arg1 release 1103:1109 Rapid drug release 1092:1109 Rapid drug release 1092:1109 Rapid drug release was observed, as 60-80% of the total amount of metronidazole was released in 30 min depending on the film formulation. 29790010 8 53 used utilized 1374:1381 arg2 films 1352:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 4 54 with adhesiveness 662:673 arg1 metronidazole 792:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 model compound metronidazole 777:804 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 54 with adhesiveness 662:673 arg1 cytotoxicity 819:830 in vitro cytotoxicity 810:830 in vitro cytotoxicity 810:830 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 2 55 theme biodegradable 325:337 arg1 polymers 339:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers 300:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 300:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 5 56 theme polymer 999:1005 arg1 composition 1007:1017 the film polymer composition 990:1017 the film polymer composition 990:1017 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 3 57 dep components 525:534 arg1 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 57 dep components 525:534 arg1 components 525:534 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 57 dep components 525:534 arg1 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 57 dep components 525:534 arg1 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 1 58 used utilized 171:178 arg2 Bioadhesion 97:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 1 58 used utilized 171:178 arg2 property 125:132 an important property 112:132 an important property 112:132 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 9 59 from sources 1509:1515 arg1 safe 1550:1553 safe 1550:1553 safe 1550:1553 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 9 59 from sources 1509:1515 arg1 polymers 1485:1492 natural biodegradable polymers 1463:1492 natural biodegradable polymers 1463:1492 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 3 60 theme known 506:510 arg1 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 chitosan 554:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 60 theme known 506:510 arg1 components 525:534 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan 506:561 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 60 theme known 506:510 arg1 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 pectin 543:548 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 3 60 theme known 506:510 arg1 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 mucin 536:540 METHODS Nanofibrillar cellulose and anionic type nanofibrillar cellulose were used as film forming materials with known mucoadhesive components mucin, pectin and chitosan as functional bioadhesion enhancers. 29790010 8 61 theme straightforward 1272:1286 arg1 method 1299:1304 a straightforward and simple method 1270:1304 a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis 1270:1436 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 8 61 theme straightforward 1272:1286 arg1 molding 1253:1259 The liquid molding 1242:1259 The liquid molding used 1242:1264 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 0 62 theme Nanofibrillated 56:70 arg1 Films 82:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Pectin and Mucin Enhance the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films. 29790010 9 63 dep natural 1463:1469 arg1 biodegradable 1471:1483 biodegradable 1471:1483 biodegradable 1471:1483 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 4 64 theme model 853:857 arg1 epithelium 866:875 model buccal epithelium 853:875 model buccal epithelium 853:875 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 65 theme state 682:686 arg1 characteristics 688:702 solid state characteristics 676:702 solid state characteristics 676:702 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 4 65 theme state 682:686 arg1 adhesiveness 662:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 the adhesiveness 658:673 Different polymer combinations were investigated to study the adhesiveness, solid state characteristics, film morphology, swelling, mechanical properties, drug release with the model compound metronidazole and in vitro cytotoxicity using TR146 cells to model buccal epithelium. 29790010 2 66 theme chemical 368:375 arg1 modifications 377:389 chemical modifications 368:389 chemical modifications 368:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 9 67 theme renewable 1499:1507 arg1 sources 1509:1515 renewable sources 1499:1515 renewable sources 1499:1515 All materials used were natural biodegradable polymers from renewable sources, which are generally regarded as safe. 29790010 2 68 with films 289:293 arg1 polymers 339:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers 300:346 bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications 300:389 In this study, we have fabricated mucoadhesive drug releasing films with bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable polymers that do not require chemical modifications. 29790010 0 69 theme Loaded 49:54 arg1 Films 82:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films 44:86 Pectin and Mucin Enhance the Bioadhesion of Drug Loaded Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films. 29790010 5 70 theme RESULTS 878:884 arg1 SEM 886:888 RESULTS SEM 878:888 RESULTS SEM 878:888 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 5 71 contain had 943:945 arg1 structures 908:917 lamellar structures 899:917 lamellar structures 899:917 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 5 71 contain had 943:945 arg2 thickness 949:957 a thickness 947:957 a thickness ranging 40-240 μm 947:975 RESULTS SEM revealed lamellar structures within the films, which had a thickness ranging 40-240 μm depending on the film polymer composition. 29790010 1 72 theme membranes 148:156 arg1 property 125:132 an important property 112:132 an important property 112:132 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 1 72 theme membranes 148:156 arg1 Bioadhesion 97:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion 89:107 PURPOSE Bioadhesion is an important property of biological membranes, that can be utilized in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. 29790010 8 73 theme mucoadhesive 1339:1350 arg1 films 1352:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films 1317:1356 CONCLUSIONS The liquid molding used was a straightforward and simple method to produce drug releasing highly mucoadhesive films, which could be utilized in treating local oral diseases, such as periodontitis. 29790010 6 74 theme high 1073:1076 arg1 adhesiveness 1078:1089 high adhesiveness 1073:1089 high adhesiveness 1073:1089 All bioadhesive components were non-toxic and showed high adhesiveness. 30667594 6 0 theme acid 935:938 arg1 functionality 940:952 a carboxylic acid functionality 922:952 a carboxylic acid functionality 922:952 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 6 1 theme carboxylic 924:933 arg1 functionality 940:952 a carboxylic acid functionality 922:952 a carboxylic acid functionality 922:952 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 4 2 theme sol-gel 610:616 arg1 transition 618:627 a sol-gel transition 608:627 a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity 608:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 2 3 theme restricted 347:356 arg1 elements 338:345 sensing elements 330:345 sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions 330:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 4 4 contain carries 745:751 arg1 layer 739:743 each layer 734:743 each layer 734:743 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 4 4 contain carries 745:751 arg2 identity 771:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 2 5 from format 370:375 arg1 dimensions 384:393 two dimensions 380:393 two dimensions 380:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 2 6 theme fabrication 302:312 arg1 principles 314:323 2.5D fabrication principles 297:323 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions 297:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 4 7 theme chemical 762:769 arg1 identity 771:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 2 8 theme 2.5D 297:300 arg1 principles 314:323 2.5D fabrication principles 297:323 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions 297:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 1 9 theme sensors 187:193 arg1 integration 195:205 sensors integration 187:205 sensors integration 187:205 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 3 10 theme sensing 414:420 arg1 platform 422:429 a sensing platform 412:429 a sensing platform that recovers biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions 412:494 In this report, a sensing platform that recovers biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions is presented. 30667594 6 11 theme additional 958:967 arg1 amines 977:982 additional primary amines 958:982 additional primary amines 958:982 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 1 12 theme Biosensing 88:97 arg1 applications 99:110 Biosensing applications 88:110 Biosensing applications 88:110 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 0 13 theme Spatial 0:6 arg1 Control 21:27 Spatial and Temporal Control 0:27 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 0:86 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 30667594 6 14 theme chitosan 996:1003 arg1 polymer 1005:1011 the base chitosan polymer 987:1011 the base chitosan polymer 987:1011 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 4 15 theme unique 755:760 arg1 identity 771:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 a unique chemical identity 753:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 3 16 theme biosensing 445:454 arg1 capabilites 456:466 biosensing capabilites 445:466 biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions 445:494 In this report, a sensing platform that recovers biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions is presented. 30667594 5 17 dep or 849:850 arg1 to 846:847 to 846:847 to 846:847 In addition, the functionality of chitosan can be modified prior to or during the assembly process. 30667594 2 18 theme sensing 330:336 arg1 elements 338:345 sensing elements 330:345 sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions 330:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 1 19 theme sensitive 218:226 arg1 detection 238:246 highly sensitive, specific detection 211:246 highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput 211:267 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 0 20 theme Temporal 12:19 arg1 Control 21:27 Spatial and Temporal Control 0:27 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 0:86 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 30667594 1 21 with detection 238:246 arg1 throughput 258:267 high throughput 253:267 high throughput 253:267 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 0 22 theme Multilayer 34:43 arg1 Assembly 62:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 30667594 3 23 theme spatial 477:483 arg1 dimensions 485:494 three spatial dimensions 471:494 three spatial dimensions 471:494 In this report, a sensing platform that recovers biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions is presented. 30667594 0 24 theme Film 57:60 arg1 Assembly 62:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 30667594 6 25 theme primary 969:975 arg1 amines 977:982 additional primary amines 958:982 additional primary amines 958:982 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 6 26 theme base 991:994 arg1 polymer 1005:1011 the base chitosan polymer 987:1011 the base chitosan polymer 987:1011 This is demonstrated by introducing both a carboxylic acid functionality and additional primary amines to the base chitosan polymer. 30667594 0 27 theme Bio-Polymer 45:55 arg1 Assembly 62:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly 34:69 Spatial and Temporal Control Over Multilayer Bio-Polymer Film Assembly and Composition. 30667594 4 28 theme responsive 562:571 arg1 polyaminosaccharide 573:591 a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide 551:591 a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity 551:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 4 28 theme responsive 562:571 arg1 chitosan 541:548 chitosan 541:548 chitosan 541:548 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 2 29 theme array 364:368 arg1 format 370:375 an array format 361:375 an array format in two dimensions 361:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 4 30 theme stimulus 553:560 arg1 polyaminosaccharide 573:591 a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide 551:591 a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity 551:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 4 30 theme stimulus 553:560 arg1 chitosan 541:548 chitosan 541:548 chitosan 541:548 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 4 31 theme multilayered 700:711 arg1 stack 722:726 a multilayered hydrogel stack 698:726 a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity 698:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 1 32 theme lab-on-a-chip 136:148 arg1 technologies 150:161 lab-on-a-chip technologies 136:161 lab-on-a-chip technologies 136:161 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 1 33 theme technologies 150:161 arg1 advantage 123:131 advantage 123:131 advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration 123:205 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 1 34 theme high 253:256 arg1 throughput 258:267 high throughput 253:267 high throughput 253:267 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 5 35 theme assembly 863:870 arg1 process 872:878 the assembly process 859:878 the assembly process 859:878 In addition, the functionality of chitosan can be modified prior to or during the assembly process. 30667594 1 36 dep sensitive 218:226 arg1 specific 229:236 specific 229:236 specific 229:236 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 30667594 7 37 theme assembly 1018:1025 arg1 compatible 1050:1059 compatible 1050:1059 compatible 1050:1059 The assembly process is shown to be compatible with microfluidic dimensions. 30667594 7 37 theme assembly 1018:1025 arg1 process 1027:1033 The assembly process 1014:1033 The assembly process 1014:1033 The assembly process is shown to be compatible with microfluidic dimensions. 30667594 4 38 theme hydrogel 713:720 arg1 stack 722:726 a multilayered hydrogel stack 698:726 a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity 698:778 This is achieved by leveraging chitosan, a stimulus responsive polyaminosaccharide that undergoes a sol-gel transition driven by a change of pH. This process can be repeated, resulting in a multilayered hydrogel stack where each layer carries a unique chemical identity. 30667594 7 39 with compatible 1050:1059 arg1 microfluidic dimensions 1066:1088 microfluidic dimensions 1066:1088 microfluidic dimensions 1066:1088 The assembly process is shown to be compatible with microfluidic dimensions. 30667594 2 40 with principles 314:323 arg1 elements 338:345 sensing elements 330:345 sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions 330:393 These systems are based on 2.5D fabrication principles with sensing elements restricted to an array format in two dimensions. 30667594 5 41 theme chitosan 815:822 arg1 functionality 798:810 the functionality 794:810 the functionality of chitosan 794:822 In addition, the functionality of chitosan can be modified prior to or during the assembly process. 30667594 3 42 from capabilites 456:466 arg1 dimensions 485:494 three spatial dimensions 471:494 three spatial dimensions 471:494 In this report, a sensing platform that recovers biosensing capabilites in three spatial dimensions is presented. 30667594 1 43 theme sample 167:172 arg1 handling 174:181 sample handling 167:181 sample handling 167:181 Biosensing applications have taken advantage of lab-on-a-chip technologies for sample handling and sensors integration for highly sensitive, specific detection with high throughput. 31782460 0 0 theme cell 91:94 arg1 printing 96:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 5 1 theme higher 969:974 arg1 survival 976:983 higher survival 969:983 higher survival 969:983 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 0 2 theme bone 109:112 arg1 regeneration 114:125 bone regeneration 109:125 bone regeneration 109:125 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 7 3 theme MSCs 1368:1371 arg1 induction 1343:1351 osteogenic induction 1332:1351 osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1332:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 7 3 theme MSCs 1368:1371 arg1 printability 1292:1303 printability 1292:1303 printability 1292:1303 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 7 3 theme MSCs 1368:1371 arg1 stability 1317:1325 structural stability 1306:1325 structural stability 1306:1325 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 8 4 theme tissue 1456:1461 arg1 applications 1475:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 5 5 theme oxidative 991:999 arg1 environment 1008:1018 an oxidative stress environment 988:1018 an oxidative stress environment 988:1018 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 6 6 theme 3D 1025:1026 arg1 scaffolds 1028:1036 The 3D scaffolds 1021:1036 The 3D scaffolds printed with MSCs and alginate/GO 1021:1070 The 3D scaffolds printed with MSCs and alginate/GO demonstrated significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared with those printed with MSCs and alginate. 31782460 2 7 theme mechanical 336:345 arg1 properties 347:356 appropriate mechanical properties 324:356 appropriate mechanical properties 324:356 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 5 8 theme stress 1001:1006 arg1 environment 1008:1018 an oxidative stress environment 988:1018 an oxidative stress environment 988:1018 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 4 9 theme % 787:787 arg1 alginate 789:796 3% alginate 786:796 3% alginate 786:796 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 1 10 theme desired 279:285 arg1 shape 287:291 the desired shape 275:291 the desired shape 275:291 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 7 11 theme mg 1228:1229 arg1 mL-1 1231:1234 0.5 mg mL-1 GO 1224:1237 0.5 mg mL-1 GO 1224:1237 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 8 12 theme bioprinting 1423:1433 arg1 research 1435:1442 bioprinting research 1423:1442 bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications 1423:1486 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 5 13 theme stem 896:899 arg1 cells 901:905 mesenchymal stem cells 884:905 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO 884:937 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 5 13 theme stem 896:899 arg1 MSCs 908:911 MSCs 908:911 MSCs 908:911 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 7 14 theme mL-1 1231:1234 arg1 bioink 1198:1203 a bioink 1196:1203 a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO 1196:1237 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 1 15 dep Three-dimensional 141:157 arg1 3D 160:161 3D 160:161 3D 160:161 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 16 theme versatile 183:191 arg1 technique 193:201 a versatile technique 181:201 a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 181:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 16 theme versatile 183:191 arg1 printing 169:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 2 17 theme cell 482:485 arg1 printing 487:494 3D cell printing 479:494 3D cell printing 479:494 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 3 18 theme oxide 571:575 arg1 bioinks 596:602 bioinks 596:602 bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications 596:742 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 3 18 theme oxide 571:575 arg1 composites 582:591 alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites 553:591 alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites 553:591 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 19 theme balanced 1255:1262 arg1 characteristics 1264:1278 the most balanced characteristics 1246:1278 the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1246:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 0 20 dep printing 96:103 arg1 applications 127:138 applications 127:138 applications 127:138 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 7 21 theme structural 1306:1315 arg1 stability 1317:1325 structural stability 1306:1325 structural stability 1306:1325 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 2 22 theme 3D 479:480 arg1 printing 487:494 3D cell printing 479:494 3D cell printing 479:494 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 23 theme 3 1208:1208 arg1 % 1209:1209 % 1209:1209 % 1209:1209 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 3 24 theme tissue 712:717 arg1 applications 731:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 2 25 theme appropriate 324:334 arg1 properties 347:356 appropriate mechanical properties 324:356 appropriate mechanical properties 324:356 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 26 theme printed 1360:1366 arg1 MSCs 1368:1371 the printed MSCs 1356:1371 the printed MSCs 1356:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 7 27 theme % 1209:1209 arg1 alginate 1211:1218 3% alginate 1208:1218 3% alginate 1208:1218 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 8 28 theme various 1448:1454 arg1 applications 1475:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 2 29 dep activities 373:382 arg1 support 387:393 support 387:393 to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage 384:454 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 2 30 theme critical 461:468 arg1 roles 470:474 critical roles 461:474 critical roles 461:474 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 31 theme alginate 1211:1218 arg1 bioink 1198:1203 a bioink 1196:1203 a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO 1196:1237 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 7 32 from characteristics 1264:1278 arg1 terms 1283:1287 terms 1283:1287 terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1283:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 3 33 dep oxide 571:575 arg1 GO 578:579 GO 578:579 GO 578:579 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 6 34 theme enhanced 1099:1106 arg1 differentiation 1119:1133 enhanced osteogenic differentiation 1099:1133 enhanced osteogenic differentiation 1099:1133 The 3D scaffolds printed with MSCs and alginate/GO demonstrated significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared with those printed with MSCs and alginate. 31782460 2 35 theme engineering 507:517 arg1 applications 519:530 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications 479:530 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications 479:530 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 2 36 theme biological 362:371 arg1 activities 373:382 biological activities 362:382 biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage 362:454 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 4 37 theme alginate 854:861 arg1 bioink 863:868 the alginate bioink 850:868 the alginate bioink 850:868 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 7 38 theme osteogenic 1332:1341 arg1 induction 1343:1351 osteogenic induction 1332:1351 osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1332:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 0 39 theme novel 38:42 arg1 composites 24:33 composites 24:33 composites 24:33 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 0 39 theme novel 38:42 arg1 bioinks 44:50 novel bioinks 38:50 novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications 38:138 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 2 40 theme tissue 500:505 arg1 engineering 507:517 tissue engineering 500:517 tissue engineering 500:517 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 5 41 theme good 946:949 arg1 proliferation 951:963 good proliferation 946:963 good proliferation 946:963 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 5 42 theme mesenchymal 884:894 arg1 cells 901:905 mesenchymal stem cells 884:905 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO 884:937 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 5 42 theme mesenchymal 884:894 arg1 MSCs 908:911 MSCs 908:911 MSCs 908:911 In addition, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) printed with alginate/GO showed good proliferation and higher survival in an oxidative stress environment. 31782460 1 43 theme 3D 228:229 arg1 constructs 231:240 3D constructs 228:240 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 228:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 0 44 theme three-dimensional 56:72 arg1 printing 96:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 8 45 theme composite 1386:1394 arg1 bioinks 1396:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks 1374:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks 1374:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 3 46 theme osteogenic 675:684 arg1 activities 686:695 osteogenic activities 675:695 osteogenic activities 675:695 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 1 47 contain containing 242:251 arg1 constructs 231:240 3D constructs 228:240 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 228:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 47 contain containing 242:251 arg2 cells 266:270 cells 266:270 cells 266:270 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 47 contain containing 242:251 arg2 hydrogel 253:260 hydrogel 253:260 hydrogel 253:260 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 7 48 theme stability 1317:1325 arg1 terms 1283:1287 terms 1283:1287 terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1283:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 2 49 theme printing 487:494 arg1 applications 519:530 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications 479:530 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications 479:530 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 50 dep mL-1 1231:1234 arg1 GO 1236:1237 GO 1236:1237 GO 1236:1237 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 3 51 theme engineering 719:729 arg1 applications 731:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 4 52 theme bioink 863:868 arg1 performances 834:845 the printing performances 821:845 the printing performances of the alginate bioink 821:868 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 1 53 theme Three-dimensional 141:157 arg1 technique 193:201 a versatile technique 181:201 a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 181:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 53 theme Three-dimensional 141:157 arg1 printing 169:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 7 54 theme printability 1292:1303 arg1 terms 1283:1287 terms 1283:1287 terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1283:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 4 55 theme printing 825:832 arg1 performances 834:845 the printing performances 821:845 the printing performances of the alginate bioink 821:868 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 4 56 theme mg 774:775 arg1 mL-1 777:780 0.05-1.0 mg mL-1 765:780 0.05-1.0 mg mL-1 765:780 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 4 56 theme mg 774:775 arg1 GO 761:762 GO 761:762 GO 761:762 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 4 57 theme 3 786:786 arg1 % 787:787 % 787:787 % 787:787 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 1 58 theme constructs 231:240 arg1 creation 216:223 the creation 212:223 the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 212:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 3 59 theme osteogenic 701:710 arg1 applications 731:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 osteogenic tissue engineering applications 701:742 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 8 60 theme engineering 1463:1473 arg1 applications 1475:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 various tissue engineering applications 1448:1486 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 1 61 theme cell 164:167 arg1 technique 193:201 a versatile technique 181:201 a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern 181:302 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 1 61 theme cell 164:167 arg1 printing 169:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing 141:176 Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing is a versatile technique enabling the creation of 3D constructs containing hydrogel and cells in the desired shape or pattern. 31782460 8 62 theme Alginate/GO 1374:1384 arg1 bioinks 1396:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks 1374:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks 1374:1402 Alginate/GO composite bioinks will be useful for bioprinting research for various tissue engineering applications. 31782460 4 63 theme 0.05-1.0 765:772 arg1 mg 774:775 mg 774:775 mg 774:775 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 31782460 0 64 theme stem 86:89 arg1 printing 96:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 2 65 theme specific 439:446 arg1 lineage 448:454 a specific lineage 437:454 a specific lineage 437:454 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 6 66 theme osteogenic 1108:1117 arg1 differentiation 1119:1133 enhanced osteogenic differentiation 1099:1133 enhanced osteogenic differentiation 1099:1133 The 3D scaffolds printed with MSCs and alginate/GO demonstrated significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation compared with those printed with MSCs and alginate. 31782460 3 67 theme alginate/graphene 553:569 arg1 oxide 571:575 alginate/graphene oxide 553:575 alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites 553:591 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 7 68 theme induction 1343:1351 arg1 terms 1283:1287 terms 1283:1287 terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs 1283:1371 Overall, a bioink of 3% alginate and 0.5 mg mL-1 GO showed the most balanced characteristics in terms of printability, structural stability, and osteogenic induction of the printed MSCs. 31782460 0 69 theme mesenchymal 74:84 arg1 printing 96:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing 56:103 Graphene oxide/alginate composites as novel bioinks for three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell printing and bone regeneration applications. 31782460 3 70 theme structural 649:658 arg1 stability 660:668 structural stability 649:668 structural stability 649:668 Herein, we explored alginate/graphene oxide (GO) composites as bioinks for their potential to improve printability, structural stability, and osteogenic activities for osteogenic tissue engineering applications. 31782460 2 71 theme cell 395:398 arg1 growth 400:405 cell growth 395:405 cell growth 395:405 Bioinks exhibiting appropriate mechanical properties and biological activities to support cell growth and/or differentiation toward a specific lineage play critical roles in 3D cell printing and tissue engineering applications. 31782460 4 72 theme GO 761:762 arg1 addition 749:756 The addition 745:756 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate 745:796 The addition of GO (0.05-1.0 mg mL-1) to 3% alginate significantly enhanced the printing performances of the alginate bioink. 30010644 1 0 theme two-dimensional 273:287 arg1 culture 299:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 1 1 theme biochemical 111:121 arg1 heterogeneity 140:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity 97:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment 97:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 10 2 theme low 1552:1554 arg1 cost 1556:1559 low cost 1552:1559 low cost 1552:1559 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 4 3 with hydrogel 702:709 arg1 similarities 716:727 similarities 716:727 similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma 716:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 7 4 theme > 1123:1123 arg1 days 1128:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 4 theme > 1123:1123 arg1 culture 1114:1120 long-term cell culture 1099:1120 long-term cell culture (> 30 days) 1099:1132 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 5 5 theme hydrogel 832:839 arg1 printability 802:813 the printability 798:813 the printability of the composite hydrogel via rheology 798:852 We studied the printability of the composite hydrogel via rheology and obtained the optimal printing window. 30010644 1 6 theme microenvironment 174:189 arg1 heterogeneity 140:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity 97:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment 97:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 6 7 theme cancer 903:908 arg1 cells 910:914 Breast cancer cells 896:914 Breast cancer cells 896:914 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 7 8 theme cells 1182:1186 arg1 self-assembly 1151:1163 the self-assembly 1147:1163 the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) 1147:1228 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 4 9 theme bioprintable 679:690 arg1 hydrogel 702:709 a bioprintable composite hydrogel 677:709 a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma 677:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 6 10 theme 3D 985:986 arg1 model 988:992 a 3D model 983:992 a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment 983:1031 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 10 11 theme high 1566:1569 arg1 reproducibility 1571:1585 high reproducibility 1566:1585 high reproducibility 1566:1585 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 7 12 theme long-term 1099:1107 arg1 days 1128:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 12 theme long-term 1099:1107 arg1 culture 1114:1120 long-term cell culture 1099:1120 long-term cell culture (> 30 days) 1099:1132 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 8 13 theme cancer-associated 1280:1296 arg1 CAFs 1316:1319 CAFs 1316:1319 CAFs 1316:1319 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 8 13 theme cancer-associated 1280:1296 arg1 cells 1309:1313 the cancer-associated fibroblast cells 1276:1313 the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) 1276:1320 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 3 14 theme mechanical 611:620 arg1 properties 622:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 5 15 theme optimal 871:877 arg1 window 888:893 the optimal printing window 867:893 the optimal printing window 867:893 We studied the printability of the composite hydrogel via rheology and obtained the optimal printing window. 30010644 8 16 theme cells 1309:1313 arg1 migration 1247:1255 the migration 1243:1255 the migration 1243:1255 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 8 16 theme cells 1309:1313 arg1 interaction 1261:1271 interaction 1261:1271 interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS 1261:1334 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 1 17 gly heterogeneity 140:152 arg1 microenvironment 174:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 9 18 theme stroma 1489:1494 arg1 composition 1496:1506 the stroma composition 1485:1506 the stroma composition 1485:1506 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 1 19 dep two-dimensional 273:287 arg1 2D 290:291 2D 290:291 2D 290:291 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 7 20 theme cancer 1175:1180 arg1 cells 1182:1186 breast cancer cells 1168:1186 breast cancer cells 1168:1186 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 0 21 theme Spheroid 77:84 arg1 Formation 86:94 Cell Spheroid Formation 72:94 Cell Spheroid Formation 72:94 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 1 22 theme native 161:166 arg1 microenvironment 174:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 6 23 theme in 1008:1009 arg1 microenvironment 1016:1031 the in vivo microenvironment 1004:1031 the in vivo microenvironment 1004:1031 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 6 24 dep in 1008:1009 arg1 vivo 1011:1014 vivo 1011:1014 vivo 1011:1014 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 1 25 theme biophysical 128:138 arg1 heterogeneity 140:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity 97:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment 97:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 7 26 theme tumor 1207:1211 arg1 spheroids 1213:1221 multicellular tumor spheroids 1193:1221 multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) 1193:1228 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 26 theme tumor 1207:1211 arg1 MCTS 1224:1227 MCTS 1224:1227 MCTS 1224:1227 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 3 27 theme biomaterials 527:538 arg1 two 504:506 two 504:506 two 504:506 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 3 27 theme biomaterials 527:538 arg1 biomaterials 527:538 the most common biomaterials 511:538 the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 511:631 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 10 28 theme alternative 1615:1625 arg1 model 1627:1631 an alternative model 1612:1631 an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology 1612:1719 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 0 29 theme Bioprintable 0:11 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 4 30 theme tumor 773:777 arg1 stroma 779:784 a native tumor stroma 764:784 a native tumor stroma 764:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 2 31 theme different 440:448 arg1 types 450:454 different types 440:454 different types of cells 440:463 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 0 32 theme Hydrogel 30:37 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 6 33 theme Breast 896:901 arg1 cells 910:914 Breast cancer cells 896:914 Breast cancer cells 896:914 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 10 34 theme cell 1649:1652 arg1 cultures 1664:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 5 35 theme printing 879:886 arg1 window 888:893 the optimal printing window 867:893 the optimal printing window 867:893 We studied the printability of the composite hydrogel via rheology and obtained the optimal printing window. 30010644 0 36 theme In 42:43 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 9 37 from dependence 1454:1463 arg1 composition 1496:1506 the stroma composition 1485:1506 the stroma composition 1485:1506 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 2 38 theme bioprinting 350:360 arg1 techniques 362:371 bioprinting techniques 350:371 bioprinting techniques 350:371 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 0 39 theme Model 51:55 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 9 40 theme bioprinted 1360:1369 arg1 platforms 1384:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 9 40 theme bioprinted 1360:1369 arg1 systems 1408:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 0 41 dep In 42:43 arg1 Vitro 45:49 Vitro 45:49 Vitro 45:49 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 10 42 theme animal 1677:1682 arg1 models 1690:1695 animal tumor models 1677:1695 animal tumor models 1677:1695 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 9 43 theme culture 1376:1382 arg1 platforms 1384:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 9 43 theme culture 1376:1382 arg1 systems 1408:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 6 44 from embedded 937:944 arg1 hydrogels 953:961 the hydrogels 949:961 the hydrogels 949:961 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 10 45 theme conventional 1636:1647 arg1 cultures 1664:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 3 46 theme common 520:525 arg1 biomaterials 527:538 the most common biomaterials 511:538 the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 511:631 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 9 47 theme unique 1429:1434 arg1 tool 1436:1439 a unique tool 1427:1439 a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition 1427:1506 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 8 48 with migration 1247:1255 arg1 MCTS 1331:1334 the MCTS 1327:1334 the MCTS 1327:1334 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 1 49 theme conventional 260:271 arg1 culture 299:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 1 50 theme tumor 168:172 arg1 microenvironment 174:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 the native tumor microenvironment 157:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 8 51 with interaction 1261:1271 arg1 MCTS 1331:1334 the MCTS 1327:1334 the MCTS 1327:1334 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 7 52 theme cell 1109:1112 arg1 days 1128:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 > 30 days 1123:1131 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 52 theme cell 1109:1112 arg1 culture 1114:1120 long-term cell culture 1099:1120 long-term cell culture (> 30 days) 1099:1132 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 3 53 theme biocompatibility 577:592 arg1 properties 622:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 1 54 theme cancer 236:241 arg1 lines 248:252 immortalized cancer cell lines 223:252 immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 223:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 2 55 theme heterogeneous 382:394 arg1 models 425:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models 382:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded 382:476 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 7 56 theme high 1080:1083 arg1 viability 1085:1093 a high viability 1078:1093 a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) 1078:1132 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 3 57 theme biomimicry 595:604 arg1 properties 622:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties 571:631 Alginate and gelatin are two of the most common biomaterials employed in bioprinting due to their biocompatibility, biomimicry, and mechanical properties. 30010644 7 58 theme bioprinted 1038:1047 arg1 model 1063:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model 1034:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model 1034:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 9 59 theme tumorigenesis 1468:1480 arg1 dependence 1454:1463 the dependence 1450:1463 the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition 1450:1506 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 8 60 theme fibroblast 1298:1307 arg1 CAFs 1316:1319 CAFs 1316:1319 CAFs 1316:1319 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 8 60 theme fibroblast 1298:1307 arg1 cells 1309:1313 the cancer-associated fibroblast cells 1276:1313 the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) 1276:1320 We observed the migration and interaction of the cancer-associated fibroblast cells (CAFs) with the MCTS in this model. 30010644 7 61 theme breast 1168:1173 arg1 cells 1182:1186 breast cancer cells 1168:1186 breast cancer cells 1168:1186 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 62 theme heterogeneous 1049:1061 arg1 model 1063:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model 1034:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model 1034:1067 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 4 63 theme microscopic 736:746 arg1 architecture 748:759 the microscopic architecture 732:759 the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma 732:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 0 64 theme Cell 72:75 arg1 Formation 86:94 Cell Spheroid Formation 72:94 Cell Spheroid Formation 72:94 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 4 65 theme composite 692:700 arg1 hydrogel 702:709 a bioprintable composite hydrogel 677:709 a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma 677:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 4 66 theme stroma 779:784 arg1 architecture 748:759 the microscopic architecture 732:759 the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma 732:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 7 67 theme multicellular 1193:1205 arg1 spheroids 1213:1221 multicellular tumor spheroids 1193:1221 multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) 1193:1228 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 7 67 theme multicellular 1193:1205 arg1 MCTS 1224:1227 MCTS 1224:1227 MCTS 1224:1227 The bioprinted heterogeneous model achieves a high viability for long-term cell culture (> 30 days) and promotes the self-assembly of breast cancer cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). 30010644 5 68 theme composite 822:830 arg1 hydrogel 832:839 the composite hydrogel 818:839 the composite hydrogel 818:839 We studied the printability of the composite hydrogel via rheology and obtained the optimal printing window. 30010644 2 69 theme cells 459:463 arg1 types 450:454 different types 440:454 different types of cells 440:463 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 2 70 theme three-dimensional 396:412 arg1 models 425:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models 382:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded 382:476 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 0 71 theme 3D 39:40 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 1 72 theme cell 294:297 arg1 culture 299:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 260:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 1 73 theme cellular 101:108 arg1 heterogeneity 140:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity 97:152 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment 97:189 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 4 74 theme native 766:771 arg1 stroma 779:784 a native tumor stroma 764:784 a native tumor stroma 764:784 By combining the two polymers, we achieved a bioprintable composite hydrogel with similarities to the microscopic architecture of a native tumor stroma. 30010644 10 75 theme monolayer 1654:1662 arg1 cultures 1664:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 conventional cell monolayer cultures 1636:1671 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 2 76 theme tumor 419:423 arg1 models 425:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models 382:430 heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded 382:476 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 6 77 from hydrogels 953:961 arg1 embedded 937:944 embedded 937:944 embedded 937:944 Breast cancer cells and fibroblasts were embedded in the hydrogels and printed to form a 3D model mimicking the in vivo microenvironment. 30010644 10 78 theme tumor 1684:1688 arg1 models 1690:1695 animal tumor models 1677:1695 animal tumor models 1677:1695 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 9 79 theme cell 1371:1374 arg1 platforms 1384:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 9 79 theme cell 1371:1374 arg1 systems 1408:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 2 80 dep three-dimensional 396:412 arg1 3D 415:416 3D 415:416 3D 415:416 These challenges can be overcome by using bioprinting techniques to build heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) tumor models whereby different types of cells are embedded. 30010644 10 81 theme cancer 1706:1711 arg1 biology 1713:1719 cancer biology 1706:1719 cancer biology 1706:1719 This technique features a high-throughput, low cost, and high reproducibility, and it can also provide an alternative model to conventional cell monolayer cultures and animal tumor models to study cancer biology. 30010644 1 82 theme cell 243:246 arg1 lines 248:252 immortalized cancer cell lines 223:252 immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 223:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 1 83 theme immortalized 223:234 arg1 lines 248:252 immortalized cancer cell lines 223:252 immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture 223:305 The cellular, biochemical, and biophysical heterogeneity of the native tumor microenvironment is not recapitulated by growing immortalized cancer cell lines using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. 30010644 0 84 theme Alginate/Gelatin 13:28 arg1 Systems 57:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems 0:63 Bioprintable Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel 3D In Vitro Model Systems Induce Cell Spheroid Formation. 30010644 9 85 theme co-culture 1397:1406 arg1 platforms 1384:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 bioprinted cell culture platforms 1360:1392 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 30010644 9 85 theme co-culture 1397:1406 arg1 systems 1408:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 co-culture systems 1397:1414 By using bioprinted cell culture platforms as co-culture systems, it offers a unique tool to study the dependence of tumorigenesis on the stroma composition. 31441507 6 0 theme total 986:990 arg1 cholesterol 992:1002 total cholesterol 986:1002 total cholesterol (TC) 986:1007 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 6 0 theme total 986:990 arg1 TC 1005:1006 TC 1005:1006 TC 1005:1006 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 11 1 theme intestinal 1925:1934 arg1 flora 1936:1940 intestinal flora 1925:1940 intestinal flora 1925:1940 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 3 2 theme buckwheat-resistant 599:617 arg1 starch 619:624 buckwheat-resistant starch 599:624 buckwheat-resistant starch 599:624 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 2 3 theme lipid 325:329 arg1 level 331:335 blood lipid level 319:335 blood lipid level 319:335 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 7 4 theme interleukin-6 1298:1310 arg1 levels 1312:1317 interleukin-6 levels 1298:1317 interleukin-6 levels 1298:1317 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 10 5 theme high-fat 1766:1773 arg1 diet 1775:1778 a high-fat diet 1764:1778 a high-fat diet 1764:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 6 6 dep liver 1144:1148 arg1 the 1140:1142 the 1140:1142 the 1140:1142 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 4 7 theme fatty 739:743 arg1 acid 745:748 short-chain fatty acid 727:748 short-chain fatty acid content in the colon 727:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 6 8 theme increased 1106:1114 arg1 capacity 1128:1135 an increased antioxidant capacity 1103:1135 an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum 1103:1161 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 11 9 theme beneficial 1830:1839 arg1 effects 1841:1847 the beneficial effects 1826:1847 the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1826:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 10 10 from composition 1735:1745 arg1 mice 1750:1753 mice 1750:1753 mice fed with a high-fat diet 1750:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 9 11 theme HFD 1538:1540 arg1 group 1542:1546 the HFD group 1534:1546 the HFD group 1534:1546 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 7 12 theme necrosis 1275:1282 arg1 factor-α 1284:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 4 13 theme intestinal 775:784 arg1 flora 786:790 intestinal flora 775:790 intestinal flora of fecal 775:799 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 11 14 dep APPLICATION 1791:1801 arg1 identified 1815:1824 identified 1815:1824 identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1815:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 2 15 theme regulatory 269:278 arg1 effects 280:286 the regulatory effects 265:286 the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet 265:456 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 1 16 theme capable 196:202 arg1 starch 156:161 Buckwheat-resistant starch 136:161 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) 136:167 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) has shown to be a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity. 31441507 1 16 theme capable 196:202 arg1 nutrient 187:194 a nutrient 185:194 a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity 185:247 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) has shown to be a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity. 31441507 9 17 theme short-chain 1564:1574 arg1 acids 1582:1586 short-chain fatty acids 1564:1586 short-chain fatty acids 1564:1586 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 8 18 theme microbiota 1324:1333 arg1 composition 1335:1345 Gut microbiota composition 1320:1345 Gut microbiota composition 1320:1345 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 4 19 theme fecal 795:799 arg1 content 750:756 short-chain fatty acid content 727:756 short-chain fatty acid content in the colon 727:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 19 theme fecal 795:799 arg1 profile 675:681 lipid profile 669:681 lipid profile 669:681 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 19 theme fecal 795:799 arg1 flora 786:790 intestinal flora 775:790 intestinal flora of fecal 775:799 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 19 theme fecal 795:799 arg1 levels 706:711 plasma levels 699:711 plasma levels of cytokines 699:724 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 19 theme fecal 795:799 arg1 glucose 690:696 blood glucose 684:696 blood glucose 684:696 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 9 20 theme acids 1582:1586 arg1 content 1553:1559 the content 1549:1559 the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon 1549:1600 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 4 21 from flora 786:790 arg1 colon 765:769 the colon 761:769 the colon 761:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 6 22 theme cytokines 1042:1050 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 9 23 theme mice 1591:1594 arg1 colon 1596:1600 mice colon 1591:1600 mice colon 1591:1600 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 11 24 theme flora 1936:1940 arg1 regulation 1894:1903 the regulation 1890:1903 the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1890:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 3 25 theme high-fat 542:549 arg1 HFD 557:559 HFD 557:559 HFD 557:559 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 3 25 theme high-fat 542:549 arg1 diet 551:554 a high-fat diet 540:554 a high-fat diet (HFD) 540:560 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 4 26 from glucose 690:696 arg1 colon 765:769 the colon 761:769 the colon 761:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 2 27 from effects 280:286 arg1 level 331:335 blood lipid level 319:335 blood lipid level 319:335 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 2 27 from effects 280:286 arg1 microbiota 345:354 gut microbiota 341:354 gut microbiota 341:354 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 2 28 theme high-fat 444:451 arg1 diet 453:456 a high-fat diet 442:456 a high-fat diet 442:456 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 11 29 theme starch 1880:1885 arg1 effects 1841:1847 the beneficial effects 1826:1847 the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1826:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 0 30 theme Gut 87:89 arg1 Microbiota 91:100 Gut Microbiota 87:100 Gut Microbiota 87:100 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 5 31 theme mice 941:944 arg1 capacity 929:936 the antioxidant capacity 913:936 the antioxidant capacity of mice 913:944 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 8 32 theme BRS 1382:1384 arg1 supplement 1368:1377 the supplement 1364:1377 the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli 1364:1516 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 2 33 dep level 331:335 arg1 Lactobacillus 357:369 Lactobacillus 357:369 Lactobacillus 357:369 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 2 33 dep level 331:335 arg1 coli 419:422 Escherichia coli 407:422 Escherichia coli 407:422 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 2 33 dep level 331:335 arg1 Enterococcus 389:400 Enterococcus 389:400 Enterococcus 389:400 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 2 33 dep level 331:335 arg1 Bifidobacterium 372:386 Bifidobacterium 372:386 Bifidobacterium 372:386 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 4 34 from content 750:756 arg1 colon 765:769 the colon 761:769 the colon 761:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 12 35 theme tartary 2077:2083 arg1 starch 2105:2110 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 2077:2110 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 2077:2110 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 6 36 theme plasma 969:974 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 0 37 theme Regulatory 0:9 arg1 Function 11:18 Regulatory Function 0:18 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 0:134 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 7 38 from increase 1230:1237 arg1 factor-α 1284:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 7 38 from increase 1230:1237 arg1 plasma 1242:1247 plasma lipopolysaccharide 1242:1266 plasma lipopolysaccharide 1242:1266 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 7 38 from increase 1230:1237 arg1 levels 1312:1317 interleukin-6 levels 1298:1317 interleukin-6 levels 1298:1317 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 6 39 located observed 1057:1064 arg2 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 6 39 located observed 1057:1064 arg1 group 1081:1085 the HFD+BRS group 1069:1085 the HFD+BRS group 1069:1085 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 0 40 theme Starch 43:48 arg1 Supplementation 50:64 Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation 23:64 Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation 23:64 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 9 41 dep group 1542:1546 arg1 contrast 1522:1529 contrast 1522:1529 contrast 1522:1529 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 10 42 theme glucose 1679:1685 arg1 metabolism 1687:1696 the cholesterol and glucose metabolism 1659:1696 metabolism 1687:1696 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 2 43 theme blood 319:323 arg1 level 331:335 blood lipid level 319:335 blood lipid level 319:335 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 5 44 theme antioxidant 917:927 arg1 capacity 929:936 the antioxidant capacity 913:936 the antioxidant capacity of mice 913:944 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 8 45 theme Enterococcus 1452:1463 arg1 growth 1406:1411 the growth 1402:1411 the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus 1402:1463 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 10 46 theme optimized 1710:1718 arg1 composition 1735:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition 1710:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet 1710:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 2 47 theme starch 309:314 arg1 effects 280:286 the regulatory effects 265:286 the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet 265:456 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 8 48 theme coli 1513:1516 arg1 growth 1491:1496 the growth 1487:1496 the growth of Escherichia coli 1487:1516 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 5 49 theme tissues 879:885 arg1 indices 845:851 the antioxidant indices 829:851 the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues 829:885 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 4 50 theme plasma 699:704 arg1 levels 706:711 plasma levels 699:711 plasma levels of cytokines 699:724 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 3 51 theme Male 476:479 arg1 mice 489:492 Male C57BL/6 mice 476:492 Male C57BL/6 mice 476:492 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 6 52 theme cholesterol 992:1002 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 10 53 theme cholesterol 1663:1673 arg1 metabolism 1687:1696 the cholesterol and glucose metabolism 1659:1696 metabolism 1687:1696 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 11 54 theme high-fat 1956:1963 arg1 diet 1965:1968 a high-fat diet 1954:1968 a high-fat diet 1954:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 11 55 from effects 1841:1847 arg1 regulation 1894:1903 the regulation 1890:1903 the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1890:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 10 56 theme microbiota 1724:1733 arg1 composition 1735:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition 1710:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet 1710:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 11 57 theme lipids 1914:1919 arg1 regulation 1894:1903 the regulation 1890:1903 the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet 1890:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 2 58 theme tartary 291:297 arg1 starch 309:314 tartary buckwheat starch 291:314 tartary buckwheat starch 291:314 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 6 59 theme antioxidant 1116:1126 arg1 capacity 1128:1135 an increased antioxidant capacity 1103:1135 an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum 1103:1161 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 4 60 theme short-chain 727:737 arg1 acid 745:748 short-chain fatty acid 727:748 short-chain fatty acid content in the colon 727:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 2 61 from level 331:335 arg1 mice 428:431 mice 428:431 mice fed with a high-fat diet 428:456 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 6 62 theme glucose 1029:1035 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 0 63 from Profile 75:81 arg1 Mice 105:108 Mice 105:108 Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet 105:133 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 3 64 theme normal 521:526 arg1 CON 534:536 CON 534:536 CON 534:536 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 3 64 theme normal 521:526 arg1 diet 528:531 a normal diet 519:531 a normal diet (CON) 519:537 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 7 65 dep plasma 1242:1247 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 1249:1266 lipopolysaccharide 1249:1266 plasma lipopolysaccharide 1242:1266 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 4 66 theme acid 745:748 arg1 content 750:756 short-chain fatty acid content 727:756 short-chain fatty acid content in the colon 727:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 0 67 theme High-Fat 121:128 arg1 Diet 130:133 a High-Fat Diet 119:133 a High-Fat Diet 119:133 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 11 68 theme tartary 1852:1858 arg1 starch 1880:1885 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 1852:1885 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 1852:1885 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 11 69 theme blood 1908:1912 arg1 lipids 1914:1919 blood lipids 1908:1919 blood lipids 1908:1919 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 8 70 theme Gut 1320:1322 arg1 composition 1335:1345 Gut microbiota composition 1320:1345 Gut microbiota composition 1320:1345 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 7 71 theme tumor 1269:1273 arg1 factor-α 1284:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 tumor necrosis factor-α 1269:1291 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 11 72 theme PRACTICAL 1781:1789 arg1 APPLICATION 1791:1801 PRACTICAL APPLICATION 1781:1801 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 1781:1969 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 11 73 from regulation 1894:1903 arg1 mice 1945:1948 mice 1945:1948 mice fed a high-fat diet 1945:1968 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 12 74 theme further 2130:2136 arg1 research 2138:2145 further research 2130:2145 further research 2130:2145 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 9 75 theme fatty 1576:1580 arg1 acids 1582:1586 short-chain fatty acids 1564:1586 short-chain fatty acids 1564:1586 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 6 76 theme HFD+BRS 1073:1079 arg1 group 1081:1085 the HFD+BRS group 1069:1085 the HFD+BRS group 1069:1085 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 7 77 with supplementation 1177:1191 arg1 BRS 1198:1200 BRS 1198:1200 BRS 1198:1200 In addition, supplementation with BRS significantly inhibited the increase in plasma lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels. 31441507 4 78 from levels 706:711 arg1 colon 765:769 the colon 761:769 the colon 761:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 79 theme lipid 669:673 arg1 profile 675:681 lipid profile 669:681 lipid profile 669:681 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 1 80 theme Buckwheat-resistant 136:154 arg1 starch 156:161 Buckwheat-resistant starch 136:161 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) 136:167 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) has shown to be a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity. 31441507 1 80 theme Buckwheat-resistant 136:154 arg1 nutrient 187:194 a nutrient 185:194 a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity 185:247 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) has shown to be a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity. 31441507 1 80 theme Buckwheat-resistant 136:154 arg1 BRS 164:166 BRS 164:166 BRS 164:166 Buckwheat-resistant starch (BRS) has shown to be a nutrient capable of lowering cholesterol and reducing obesity. 31441507 12 81 theme buckwheat-resistant 2085:2103 arg1 starch 2105:2110 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 2077:2110 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 2077:2110 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 9 82 from content 1553:1559 arg1 colon 1596:1600 mice colon 1591:1600 mice colon 1591:1600 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 0 83 from Function 11:18 arg1 Profile 75:81 Lipid Profile 69:81 Lipid Profile 69:81 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 0 83 from Function 11:18 arg1 Microbiota 91:100 Gut Microbiota 87:100 Gut Microbiota 87:100 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 0 84 from Microbiota 91:100 arg1 Mice 105:108 Mice 105:108 Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet 105:133 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 4 85 from profile 675:681 arg1 colon 765:769 the colon 761:769 the colon 761:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 11 86 theme buckwheat-resistant 1860:1878 arg1 starch 1880:1885 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 1852:1885 tartary buckwheat-resistant starch 1852:1885 PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study identified the beneficial effects of tartary buckwheat-resistant starch on the regulation of blood lipids and intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet. 31441507 9 87 theme BRS 1619:1621 arg1 group 1623:1627 the BRS group 1615:1627 the BRS group 1615:1627 In contrast to the HFD group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in mice colon increased in the BRS group. 31441507 12 88 theme products 2050:2057 arg1 development 2025:2035 the development 2021:2035 the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research 2021:2145 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 12 89 theme probiotic 2040:2048 arg1 products 2050:2057 probiotic products 2040:2057 probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research 2040:2145 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 5 90 theme liver 860:864 arg1 tissues 879:885 the liver and duodenum tissues 856:885 the liver and duodenum tissues 856:885 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 6 91 theme reduced 961:967 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 8 92 theme Lactobacillus 1416:1428 arg1 growth 1406:1411 the growth 1402:1411 the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus 1402:1463 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 0 93 theme Buckwheat-Resistant 23:41 arg1 Supplementation 50:64 Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation 23:64 Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation 23:64 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 12 94 theme study 1990:1994 arg1 result 1975:1980 The result 1971:1980 The result of this study 1971:1994 The result of this study will provide a basis for the development of probiotic products supplemented with tartary buckwheat-resistant starch and direction for further research. 31441507 5 95 theme antioxidant 833:843 arg1 indices 845:851 the antioxidant indices 829:851 the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues 829:885 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 8 96 theme Bifidobacterium 1431:1445 arg1 growth 1406:1411 the growth 1402:1411 the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus 1402:1463 Gut microbiota composition was regulated by the supplement of BRS, which promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterococcus, as well as inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli. 31441507 2 97 theme gut 341:343 arg1 microbiota 345:354 gut microbiota 341:354 gut microbiota 341:354 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 0 98 theme Supplementation 50:64 arg1 Function 11:18 Regulatory Function 0:18 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 0:134 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 0 99 theme Lipid 69:73 arg1 Profile 75:81 Lipid Profile 69:81 Lipid Profile 69:81 Regulatory Function of Buckwheat-Resistant Starch Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet. 31441507 2 100 from microbiota 345:354 arg1 mice 428:431 mice 428:431 mice fed with a high-fat diet 428:456 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 6 101 theme triglyceride 1010:1021 arg1 levels 976:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels 947:981 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines 947:1050 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 10 102 theme gut 1720:1722 arg1 composition 1735:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition 1710:1745 optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet 1710:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 4 103 theme cytokines 716:724 arg1 content 750:756 short-chain fatty acid content 727:756 short-chain fatty acid content in the colon 727:769 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 103 theme cytokines 716:724 arg1 profile 675:681 lipid profile 669:681 lipid profile 669:681 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 103 theme cytokines 716:724 arg1 flora 786:790 intestinal flora 775:790 intestinal flora of fecal 775:799 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 103 theme cytokines 716:724 arg1 levels 706:711 plasma levels 699:711 plasma levels of cytokines 699:724 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 4 103 theme cytokines 716:724 arg1 glucose 690:696 blood glucose 684:696 blood glucose 684:696 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 5 104 theme duodenum 870:877 arg1 tissues 879:885 the liver and duodenum tissues 856:885 the liver and duodenum tissues 856:885 Furthermore, the antioxidant indices of the liver and duodenum tissues were measured to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of mice. 31441507 3 105 theme high-fat 567:574 arg1 diet 576:579 high-fat diet 567:579 high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) 567:634 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 3 105 theme high-fat 567:574 arg1 HFD+BRS 627:633 HFD+BRS 627:633 HFD+BRS 627:633 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31441507 4 106 theme blood 684:688 arg1 glucose 690:696 blood glucose 684:696 blood glucose 684:696 After the feedings, lipid profile, blood glucose, plasma levels of cytokines, short-chain fatty acid content in the colon and intestinal flora of fecal were measured. 31441507 2 107 theme buckwheat 299:307 arg1 starch 309:314 tartary buckwheat starch 291:314 tartary buckwheat starch 291:314 In this study, the regulatory effects of tartary buckwheat starch on blood lipid level and gut microbiota (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli) in mice fed with a high-fat diet was investigated. 31441507 6 108 from capacity 1128:1135 arg1 duodenum 1154:1161 duodenum 1154:1161 duodenum 1154:1161 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 6 108 from capacity 1128:1135 arg1 liver 1144:1148 liver 1144:1148 liver 1144:1148 Significantly reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), glucose, and cytokines were observed in the HFD+BRS group, accompanied by an increased antioxidant capacity in the liver and duodenum. 31441507 10 109 from metabolism 1687:1696 arg1 mice 1750:1753 mice 1750:1753 mice fed with a high-fat diet 1750:1778 In conclusion, BRS benefited the cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as optimized gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet. 31441507 3 110 theme C57BL/6 481:487 arg1 mice 489:492 Male C57BL/6 mice 476:492 Male C57BL/6 mice 476:492 Male C57BL/6 mice were separately fed with a normal diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet supplemented with buckwheat-resistant starch (HFD+BRS) for 6 weeks. 31196530 6 0 theme geometrical 984:994 arg1 features 996:1003 the geometrical features 980:1003 the geometrical features of scaffolds 980:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 5 1 theme structures 740:749 arg1 performance 710:720 The performance 706:720 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking 706:775 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 3 2 theme injectability 533:545 arg1 tests 547:551 injectability tests 533:551 injectability tests 533:551 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 6 3 theme ratio 971:975 arg1 effect 940:945 the effect 936:945 the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds 936:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 5 4 theme rehydration 829:839 arg1 behavior 841:848 rehydration behavior 829:848 rehydration behavior 829:848 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 6 5 from effect 940:945 arg1 features 996:1003 the geometrical features 980:1003 the geometrical features of scaffolds 980:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 5 6 theme ionic 757:761 arg1 cross-linking 763:775 ionic cross-linking 757:775 ionic cross-linking 757:775 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 6 7 theme scaffolds 1008:1016 arg1 features 996:1003 the geometrical features 980:1003 the geometrical features of scaffolds 980:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 3 8 theme rheological 504:514 arg1 measurements 516:527 rheological measurements 504:527 rheological measurements 504:527 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 6 9 theme pectin/nanocellulose 950:969 arg1 ratio 971:975 pectin/nanocellulose ratio 950:975 pectin/nanocellulose ratio 950:975 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 6 10 used used 868:871 arg2 MicroCT 851:857 MicroCT 851:857 MicroCT 851:857 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 1 11 theme several 82:88 arg1 formulations 94:105 several ink formulations 82:105 several ink formulations for 3D printing 82:121 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 7 12 theme objects 1145:1151 arg1 strength 1121:1128 strength 1121:1128 strength 1121:1128 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31196530 7 12 theme objects 1145:1151 arg1 firmness 1108:1115 firmness 1108:1115 firmness 1108:1115 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31196530 1 13 theme ink 90:92 arg1 formulations 94:105 several ink formulations 82:105 several ink formulations for 3D printing 82:121 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 4 14 theme 3D-structures 691:703 arg1 units 682:686 the base units 673:686 the base units of 3D-structures 673:703 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 14 theme 3D-structures 691:703 arg1 printing 663:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 1 15 theme formulations 94:105 arg1 assessment 68:77 The assessment 64:77 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds 64:167 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 3 16 theme viscoelastic 435:446 arg1 properties 448:457 the viscoelastic properties 431:457 the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks 431:484 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 0 17 theme Bioinspired 0:10 arg1 3D 12:13 Bioinspired 3D 0:13 Bioinspired 3D 0:13 Bioinspired 3D printable pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations. 31196530 2 18 theme nanofibrils 338:348 arg1 properties 301:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties 271:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 271:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 2 18 theme nanofibrils 338:348 arg1 potential 247:255 the fast crosslinking potential 225:255 the fast crosslinking potential of pectin 225:265 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 0 19 theme pectin-nanocellulose 25:44 arg1 formulations 50:61 pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations 25:61 pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations 25:61 Bioinspired 3D printable pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations. 31196530 4 20 theme parameters 583:592 arg1 reliance 558:565 The reliance 554:565 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition 554:615 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 7 21 theme printed 1137:1143 arg1 objects 1145:1151 the printed objects 1133:1151 the printed objects 1133:1151 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31196530 2 22 theme cellulose 328:336 arg1 nanofibrils 338:348 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 315:348 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 315:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 4 23 theme base 677:680 arg1 units 682:686 the base units 673:686 the base units of 3D-structures 673:703 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 23 theme base 677:680 arg1 printing 663:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 24 theme ink 601:603 arg1 composition 605:615 the ink composition 597:615 the ink composition 597:615 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 2 25 theme shear-thinning 286:299 arg1 properties 301:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties 271:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 271:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 2 26 theme current 190:196 arg1 research 198:205 the current research 186:205 the current research 186:205 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 2 27 theme carboxylated 315:326 arg1 nanofibrils 338:348 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 315:348 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 315:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 1 28 theme macromolecular 144:157 arg1 compounds 159:167 two natural macromolecular compounds 132:167 two natural macromolecular compounds 132:167 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 5 29 theme behavior 841:848 arg1 terms 794:798 terms 794:798 terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior 794:848 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 3 30 theme polysaccharide 466:479 arg1 inks 481:484 the polysaccharide inks 462:484 the polysaccharide inks 462:484 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 0 31 theme ink 46:48 arg1 formulations 50:61 pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations 25:61 pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations 25:61 Bioinspired 3D printable pectin-nanocellulose ink formulations. 31196530 6 32 theme objects 918:924 arg1 morphology 889:898 the morphology 885:898 the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds 885:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 2 33 theme crosslinking 234:245 arg1 potential 247:255 the fast crosslinking potential 225:255 the fast crosslinking potential of pectin 225:265 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 3 34 theme inks 481:484 arg1 properties 448:457 the viscoelastic properties 431:457 the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks 431:484 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 3 35 theme 3D 418:419 arg1 printing 421:428 3D printing 418:428 3D printing 418:428 Prior to 3D printing, the viscoelastic properties of the polysaccharide inks were evaluated by rheological measurements and injectability tests. 31196530 6 36 theme 3D-printed 907:916 arg1 objects 918:924 the 3D-printed objects 903:924 the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds 903:1016 MicroCT was also used to evaluate the morphology of the 3D-printed objects regarding the effect of pectin/nanocellulose ratio on the geometrical features of scaffolds. 31196530 2 37 theme fast 229:232 arg1 potential 247:255 the fast crosslinking potential 225:255 the fast crosslinking potential of pectin 225:265 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 4 38 from reliance 558:565 arg1 composition 605:615 the ink composition 597:615 the ink composition 597:615 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 39 theme printing 574:581 arg1 parameters 583:592 the printing parameters 570:592 the printing parameters 570:592 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 5 40 theme 3D-printed 729:738 arg1 structures 740:749 the 3D-printed structures 725:749 the 3D-printed structures 725:749 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 7 41 theme determining 1081:1091 arg1 factor 1093:1098 the determining factor 1077:1098 the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects 1077:1151 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31196530 7 41 theme determining 1081:1091 arg1 proportionality 1023:1037 The proportionality 1019:1037 The proportionality between the two polymers 1019:1062 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31196530 1 42 theme 3D 111:112 arg1 printing 114:121 3D printing 111:121 3D printing 111:121 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 4 43 theme lines 657:661 arg1 units 682:686 the base units 673:686 the base units of 3D-structures 673:703 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 43 theme lines 657:661 arg1 printing 663:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 2 44 theme remarkable 275:284 arg1 properties 301:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties 271:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 271:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 1 45 theme natural 136:142 arg1 compounds 159:167 two natural macromolecular compounds 132:167 two natural macromolecular compounds 132:167 The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural macromolecular compounds is presented. 31196530 4 46 theme one-dimensional 641:655 arg1 units 682:686 the base units 673:686 the base units of 3D-structures 673:703 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 4 46 theme one-dimensional 641:655 arg1 printing 663:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 one-dimensional lines printing 641:670 The reliance of the printing parameters on the ink composition was established through one-dimensional lines printing, the base units of 3D-structures. 31196530 5 47 theme mechanical 803:812 arg1 properties 814:823 mechanical properties 803:823 mechanical properties 803:823 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 2 48 theme pectin 260:265 arg1 properties 301:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties 271:310 the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils 271:348 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 2 48 theme pectin 260:265 arg1 potential 247:255 the fast crosslinking potential 225:255 the fast crosslinking potential of pectin 225:265 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 2 49 theme viscoelastic 386:397 arg1 behavior 399:406 a desired viscoelastic behavior 376:406 a desired viscoelastic behavior 376:406 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 5 50 theme properties 814:823 arg1 terms 794:798 terms 794:798 terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior 794:848 The performance of the 3D-printed structures after ionic cross-linking was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties and rehydration behavior. 31196530 2 51 theme desired 378:384 arg1 behavior 399:406 a desired viscoelastic behavior 376:406 a desired viscoelastic behavior 376:406 In the current research we have exploited the fast crosslinking potential of pectin and the remarkable shear-thinning properties of carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils, which is known to induce a desired viscoelastic behavior. 31196530 7 52 dep firmness 1108:1115 arg1 the 1104:1106 the 1104:1106 the 1104:1106 The proportionality between the two polymers proved to be the determining factor for the firmness and strength of the printed objects. 31280029 2 0 theme trace 515:519 arg1 ions 526:529 trace lead ions 515:529 trace lead ions 515:529 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 7 1 theme carbon 1452:1457 arg1 composite 1469:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 7 2 from wastes 1365:1370 arg1 techniques 1328:1337 "green" techniques 1320:1337 "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes 1320:1370 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 4 3 theme common 715:720 arg1 X-100 808:812 Triton X-100 801:812 Triton X-100 801:812 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 3 theme common 715:720 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 3 theme common 715:720 arg1 bromide 842:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 3 theme common 715:720 arg1 sulfate 792:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 1 4 theme degradation 265:275 arg1 extent 230:235 the extent 226:235 the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated 226:331 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 6 5 dep water 1086:1090 arg1 samples 1132:1138 samples 1132:1138 samples 1132:1138 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 5 6 theme palm 910:913 arg1 effluent 924:931 palm oil mill effluent 910:931 palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 910:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 5 7 theme oil 915:917 arg1 effluent 924:931 palm oil mill effluent 910:931 palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 910:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 5 8 theme concentration 940:952 arg1 range 954:958 the concentration range 936:958 the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 936:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 0 9 theme oil 105:107 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 9 theme oil 105:107 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 7 10 theme agro-lignocellulosic 1344:1363 arg1 wastes 1365:1370 agro-lignocellulosic wastes 1344:1370 agro-lignocellulosic wastes 1344:1370 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 4 11 theme sodium 777:782 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 11 theme sodium 777:782 arg1 sulfate 792:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 5 12 theme 10-50 μg/L 963:972 arg1 range 954:958 the concentration range 936:958 the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 936:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 6 13 theme simple 1259:1264 arg1 matrices 1278:1285 simple and complex matrices 1259:1285 simple and complex matrices 1259:1285 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 0 14 theme palm 100:103 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 14 theme palm 100:103 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 5 15 theme 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L 979:994 arg1 limit 996:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 979:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 979:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 2 16 dep friendly 368:375 arg1 an 349:350 an 349:350 an 349:350 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 1 17 theme effective 285:293 arg1 strategies 304:313 effective remedial strategies 285:313 effective remedial strategies 285:313 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 2 18 theme aqueous 534:540 arg1 system 542:547 aqueous system 534:547 aqueous system 534:547 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 5 19 theme mill 919:922 arg1 effluent 924:931 palm oil mill effluent 910:931 palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 910:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 6 20 theme oil 1114:1116 arg1 effluent 1123:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 6 21 theme tap 1082:1084 arg1 water 1086:1090 tap water 1082:1090 tap water 1082:1090 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 6 22 theme excellent 1200:1208 arg1 sensitivity 1210:1220 excellent sensitivity 1200:1220 excellent sensitivity of the sensor 1200:1234 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 6 23 theme blood 1093:1097 arg1 serum 1099:1103 blood serum 1093:1103 blood serum 1093:1103 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 1 24 theme Environmental 175:187 arg1 monitoring 189:198 Environmental monitoring 175:198 Environmental monitoring 175:198 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 0 25 theme mill 109:112 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 25 theme mill 109:112 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 2 26 from detection 502:510 arg1 effluent 567:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 2 26 from detection 502:510 arg1 system 542:547 aqueous system 534:547 aqueous system 534:547 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 6 27 theme Absorption 1165:1174 arg1 Spectroscopy 1176:1187 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 1158:1187 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 1158:1187 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 3 28 with Zinc 577:580 arg1 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 Zinc, cadmium, and copper with lead were simultaneously detected using this method. 31280029 6 29 theme palm 1109:1112 arg1 effluent 1123:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 3 30 with copper 596:601 arg1 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 Zinc, cadmium, and copper with lead were simultaneously detected using this method. 31280029 0 31 theme carbon 25:30 arg1 electrode 32:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode 0:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode 0:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 6 32 theme complex 1270:1276 arg1 matrices 1278:1285 simple and complex matrices 1259:1285 simple and complex matrices 1259:1285 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 4 33 theme surface 749:755 arg1 substances 764:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 34 theme high 685:688 arg1 tolerance 690:698 high tolerance 685:698 high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 685:848 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 0 35 theme Cellulose-hydroxyapatite 0:23 arg1 electrode 32:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode 0:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode 0:40 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 1 36 theme remedial 295:302 arg1 strategies 304:313 effective remedial strategies 285:313 effective remedial strategies 285:313 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 4 37 theme model 743:747 arg1 substances 764:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 5 38 theme lead 897:900 arg1 ions 902:905 lead ions 897:905 lead ions 897:905 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 6 39 theme sensor 1229:1234 arg1 sensitivity 1210:1220 excellent sensitivity 1200:1220 excellent sensitivity of the sensor 1200:1234 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 5 40 from effluent 924:931 arg1 range 954:958 the concentration range 936:958 the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 936:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 4 41 dep ions 728:731 arg1 X-100 808:812 Triton X-100 801:812 Triton X-100 801:812 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 41 dep ions 728:731 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 41 dep ions 728:731 arg1 bromide 842:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 41 dep ions 728:731 arg1 sulfate 792:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 42 theme cetyltrimethylammonium 819:840 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 42 theme cetyltrimethylammonium 819:840 arg1 bromide 842:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 7 43 theme green 1321:1325 arg1 techniques 1328:1337 "green" techniques 1320:1337 "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes 1320:1370 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 3 44 with cadmium 583:589 arg1 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 lead 608:611 Zinc, cadmium, and copper with lead were simultaneously detected using this method. 31280029 6 45 dep validation 1065:1074 arg1 compared 1144:1151 compared 1144:1151 compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 1144:1187 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 6 45 dep validation 1065:1074 arg1 using 1076:1080 using 1076:1080 using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples 1076:1138 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 2 46 theme mill 562:565 arg1 effluent 567:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 4 47 theme active 757:762 arg1 substances 764:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 three model surface active substances 737:773 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 5 48 theme optimum 857:863 arg1 conditions 865:874 optimum conditions 857:874 optimum conditions 857:874 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 0 49 theme trace 56:60 arg1 detection 75:83 detection 75:83 detection in aqueous 75:94 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 49 theme trace 56:60 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 49 theme trace 56:60 arg1 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 49 theme trace 56:60 arg1 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 49 theme trace 56:60 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 2 50 theme oil 558:560 arg1 effluent 567:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 detection 75:83 detection 75:83 detection in aqueous 75:94 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 studies 166:172 validation studies 155:172 validation studies 155:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 51 dep ions 70:73 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 2 52 theme novel 414:418 arg1 electrode 427:435 novel carbon electrode 414:435 novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite 414:478 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 2 53 theme palm 553:556 arg1 effluent 567:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 palm oil mill effluent 553:574 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 8 54 theme great 1487:1491 arg1 potential 1493:1501 great potential 1487:1501 great potential 1487:1501 It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use. 31280029 5 55 theme quantification 1045:1058 arg1 limit 1036:1040 detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 1005:1040 limit 1036:1040 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 2 56 theme carbon 420:425 arg1 electrode 427:435 novel carbon electrode 414:435 novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite 414:478 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 0 57 theme validation 155:164 arg1 studies 166:172 validation studies 155:172 validation studies 155:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 58 from detection 75:83 arg1 aqueous 88:94 aqueous 88:94 aqueous 88:94 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 7 59 with combination 1376:1386 arg1 hydroxyapatite 1393:1406 hydroxyapatite 1393:1406 hydroxyapatite 1393:1406 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 2 60 theme environmentally 352:366 arg1 friendly 368:375 environmentally friendly 352:375 environmentally friendly 352:375 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 0 61 theme plumbum 62:68 arg1 detection 75:83 detection 75:83 detection in aqueous 75:94 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 61 theme plumbum 62:68 arg1 effluent 114:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 palm oil mill effluent 100:121 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 61 theme plumbum 62:68 arg1 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 optimization 138:149 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 61 theme plumbum 62:68 arg1 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Interference 124:135 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 0 61 theme plumbum 62:68 arg1 ions 70:73 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent 56:121 trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies 56:172 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 8 62 theme environmental 1524:1536 arg1 use 1538:1540 both clinical and environmental use 1506:1540 both clinical and environmental use 1506:1540 It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use. 31280029 0 63 from effluent 114:121 arg1 aqueous 88:94 aqueous 88:94 aqueous 88:94 Cellulose-hydroxyapatite carbon electrode composite for trace plumbum ions detection in aqueous and palm oil mill effluent: Interference, optimization and validation studies. 31280029 6 64 theme lead 1246:1249 arg1 ions 1251:1254 lead ions 1246:1254 lead ions 1246:1254 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 4 65 theme metal 722:726 arg1 X-100 808:812 Triton X-100 801:812 Triton X-100 801:812 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 65 theme metal 722:726 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 65 theme metal 722:726 arg1 bromide 842:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide 819:848 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 65 theme metal 722:726 arg1 sulfate 792:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 5 66 theme detection 1005:1013 arg1 limit 1036:1040 detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 1005:1040 limit 1036:1040 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 4 67 theme Triton 801:806 arg1 X-100 808:812 Triton X-100 801:812 Triton X-100 801:812 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 67 theme Triton 801:806 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 5 68 with range 954:958 arg1 limit 996:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 979:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 979:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 4 69 theme dodecyl 784:790 arg1 ions 728:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 twelve common metal ions 708:731 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 4 69 theme dodecyl 784:790 arg1 sulfate 792:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 sodium dodecyl sulfate 777:798 The electrode exhibited high tolerance towards twelve common metal ions and three model surface active substances - sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. 31280029 8 70 theme clinical 1511:1518 arg1 use 1538:1540 both clinical and environmental use 1506:1540 both clinical and environmental use 1506:1540 It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use. 31280029 7 71 theme electrode 1459:1467 arg1 composite 1469:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 6 72 theme mill 1118:1121 arg1 effluent 1123:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 palm oil mill effluent 1109:1130 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 7 73 from components 1434:1443 arg1 composite 1469:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 the carbon electrode composite 1448:1477 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 1 74 theme eco-system 240:249 arg1 pollution 251:259 eco-system pollution 240:259 eco-system pollution 240:259 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 2 75 theme ions 526:529 arg1 detection 502:510 the detection 498:510 the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent 498:574 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 7 76 theme " 1326:1326 arg1 techniques 1328:1337 "green" techniques 1320:1337 "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes 1320:1370 The cellulose produced based on "green" techniques from agro-lignocellulosic wastes, in combination with hydroxyapatite, were proven effective as components in the carbon electrode composite. 31280029 5 77 theme 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L 1019:1034 arg1 limit 1036:1040 detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 1005:1040 limit 1036:1040 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 1 78 theme pollution 251:259 arg1 extent 230:235 the extent 226:235 the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated 226:331 Environmental monitoring is important to determine the extent of eco-system pollution and degradation so that effective remedial strategies can be formulated. 31280029 2 79 theme lead 521:524 arg1 ions 526:529 trace lead ions 515:529 trace lead ions 515:529 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 6 80 theme Atomic 1158:1163 arg1 Spectroscopy 1176:1187 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 1158:1187 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 1158:1187 The validation using tap water, blood serum and palm oil mill effluent samples and compared with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, suggested excellent sensitivity of the sensor to detect lead ions in simple and complex matrices. 31280029 5 81 theme limit 1036:1040 arg1 limit 996:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit 979:1000 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification 979:1058 Under optimum conditions, the sensor detected lead ions in palm oil mill effluent in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/L with 0.11 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of detection and 0.37 ± 0.37 μg/L limit of quantification. 31280029 2 82 theme cost-effective 381:394 arg1 sensor 396:401 cost-effective sensor 381:401 cost-effective sensor 381:401 In this study, an environmentally friendly and cost-effective sensor made up of novel carbon electrode modified with cellulose and hydroxyapatite was developed for the detection of trace lead ions in aqueous system and palm oil mill effluent. 31280029 8 83 contain has 1483:1485 arg1 It 1480:1481 It 1480:1481 It 1480:1481 It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use. 31280029 8 83 contain has 1483:1485 arg2 potential 1493:1501 great potential 1487:1501 great potential 1487:1501 It has great potential in both clinical and environmental use. 30408314 6 0 theme HAP 1040:1042 arg1 concentration 1023:1035 the concentration 1019:1035 the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network 1019:1067 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 8 1 theme carbonated 1532:1541 arg1 layer 1551:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 11 2 theme Part 1769:1772 arg1 A 1774:1774 Part A 1769:1774 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 1750:1796 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 30408314 8 3 theme layer 1551:1555 arg1 formation 1511:1519 the formation 1507:1519 the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface 1507:1570 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 6 4 from concentration 1023:1035 arg1 network 1061:1067 the polymeric network 1047:1067 the polymeric network 1047:1067 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 3 5 theme nanofibrous 554:564 arg1 scaffold 566:573 a nanofibrous scaffold 552:573 a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method 552:606 The chemically modified cellulose was used for the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method. 30408314 5 6 dep ratio 806:810 arg1 selected 908:915 selected 908:915 selected for the current evaluation 908:942 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 5 6 dep ratio 806:810 arg1 compared 952:959 compared 952:959 was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 948:995 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 4 7 theme desired 667:673 arg1 diameter 681:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 4 8 with parameters 694:703 arg1 diameter 681:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 9 9 from hr 1715:1716 arg1 lines 1703:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines 1681:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1681:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 9 10 theme nanofibrous 1581:1591 arg1 scaffold 1593:1600 All the nanofibrous scaffold 1573:1600 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification 1573:1641 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 6 11 theme fiber 1090:1094 arg1 diameter 1074:1081 the diameter 1070:1081 the diameter of the fiber 1070:1094 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 6 11 theme fiber 1090:1094 arg1 thin 1112:1115 thin 1112:1115 thin 1112:1115 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 2 12 theme Fourier-transform 328:344 arg1 FTIR 369:372 FTIR 369:372 FTIR 369:372 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 12 theme Fourier-transform 328:344 arg1 spectroscopy 355:366 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 328:366 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 328:373 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 8 13 from formation 1511:1519 arg1 surface 1564:1570 the surface 1560:1570 the surface 1560:1570 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 5 14 theme polylactic 837:846 arg1 acid 848:851 polylactic acid 837:851 polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 837:896 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 5 14 theme polylactic 837:846 arg1 PLA 854:856 PLA 854:856 PLA 854:856 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 7 15 theme mechanical 1291:1300 arg1 measurements 1311:1322 mechanical property measurements 1291:1322 mechanical property measurements 1291:1322 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 10 16 dep © 1719:1719 arg1 Inc. 1745:1748 Inc. 1745:1748 Inc. 1745:1748 © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 30408314 1 17 theme vegetable 218:226 arg1 sponge 228:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 4 18 theme voltage 721:727 arg1 distance 747:754 applied voltage, tip to collector distance 713:754 distance 747:754 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 4 19 dep distance 747:754 arg1 to 734:735 to 734:735 to 734:735 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 4 19 dep distance 747:754 arg1 tip 730:732 applied voltage, tip to collector distance 713:754 tip 730:732 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 6 20 theme high 1126:1129 arg1 field 1140:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 9 21 theme Cyto 1659:1662 arg1 compatibility 1664:1676 good Cyto compatibility 1654:1676 good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1654:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 6 22 with thin 1112:1115 arg1 field 1140:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 9 23 theme Osteoblast 1687:1696 arg1 lines 1703:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines 1681:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1681:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 0 24 from Influence 0:8 arg1 evaluation 90:99 its biological evaluation 75:99 its biological evaluation for biomedical applications 75:127 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 0 24 from Influence 0:8 arg1 preparation 46:56 the preparation 42:56 the preparation of nanofiber 42:69 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 0 25 theme biological 79:88 arg1 evaluation 90:99 its biological evaluation 75:99 its biological evaluation for biomedical applications 75:127 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 5 26 theme current 925:931 arg1 evaluation 933:942 the current evaluation 921:942 the current evaluation 921:942 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 8 27 theme 70:30 1419:1423 arg1 ratio 1410:1414 the ratio 1406:1414 the ratio of 70:30 1406:1423 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 4 28 theme collector 737:745 arg1 distance 747:754 applied voltage, tip to collector distance 713:754 distance 747:754 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 7 29 theme nanofiber 1243:1251 arg1 nanofiber 1243:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 7 29 theme nanofiber 1243:1251 arg1 group 1162:1166 The functional group 1147:1166 The functional group 1147:1166 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 7 29 theme nanofiber 1243:1251 arg1 formation 1175:1183 phase formation 1169:1183 phase formation 1169:1183 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 7 29 theme nanofiber 1243:1251 arg1 properties 1215:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties 1189:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber 1189:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 8 30 theme free 1441:1444 arg1 product 1446:1452 a bead free product 1434:1452 a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1434:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 11 31 dep 107A 1777:1780 arg1 610-620 1783:1789 610-620 1783:1789 610-620 1783:1789 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 30408314 2 32 theme electron 417:424 arg1 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 32 theme electron 417:424 arg1 microscopy 426:435 scanning electron microscopy 408:435 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 408:441 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 0 33 theme Luffa 33:37 arg1 Influence 0:8 Influence 0:8 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 0:128 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 5 34 theme Different 796:804 arg1 ratio 806:810 Different ratio 796:810 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 796:996 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 5 34 theme Different 796:804 arg1 HAP 831:833 HAP 831:833 HAP 831:833 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 2 35 theme X-ray 466:470 arg1 spectroscopy 472:483 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 448:483 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 448:483 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 8 36 theme mechanical 1468:1477 arg1 property 1495:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 3 37 theme modified 501:508 arg1 cellulose 510:518 The chemically modified cellulose 486:518 The chemically modified cellulose 486:518 The chemically modified cellulose was used for the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method. 30408314 8 38 theme bioactivity 1483:1493 arg1 property 1495:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 5 39 dep acid 848:851 arg1 such 859:862 such 859:862 such 859:862 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 6 40 theme polymeric 1051:1059 arg1 network 1061:1067 the polymeric network 1047:1067 the polymeric network 1047:1067 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 1 41 theme chemical 238:245 arg1 modification 247:258 chemical modification 238:258 chemical modification 238:258 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 5 42 theme HAP-treated 966:976 arg1 -PLA 992:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 7 43 theme phase 1169:1173 arg1 formation 1175:1183 phase formation 1169:1183 phase formation 1169:1183 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 2 44 theme X-ray 376:380 arg1 XRD 402:404 XRD 402:404 XRD 402:404 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 44 theme X-ray 376:380 arg1 diffraction 389:399 X-ray powder diffraction 376:399 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) 376:405 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 8 45 theme hydroxy 1524:1530 arg1 layer 1551:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 6 46 from increase 1007:1014 arg1 concentration 1023:1035 the concentration 1019:1035 the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network 1019:1067 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 8 47 theme apatite 1543:1549 arg1 layer 1551:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 hydroxy carbonated apatite layer 1524:1555 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 2 48 theme unmodified 290:299 arg1 Luffa 301:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa 261:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa 261:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 1 49 theme natural 164:170 arg1 cellulose 172:180 the natural cellulose 160:180 the natural cellulose 160:180 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 2 50 theme infrared 346:353 arg1 FTIR 369:372 FTIR 369:372 FTIR 369:372 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 50 theme infrared 346:353 arg1 spectroscopy 355:366 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 328:366 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 328:373 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 4 51 theme fiber 675:679 arg1 diameter 681:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 desired fiber diameter 667:688 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 3 52 theme scaffold 566:573 arg1 preparation 537:547 the preparation 533:547 the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method 533:606 The chemically modified cellulose was used for the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method. 30408314 3 53 theme electrospinning 585:599 arg1 method 601:606 the electrospinning method 581:606 the electrospinning method 581:606 The chemically modified cellulose was used for the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method. 30408314 1 54 theme cylindrica 207:216 arg1 sponge 228:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 7 55 theme property 1302:1309 arg1 measurements 1311:1322 mechanical property measurements 1291:1322 mechanical property measurements 1291:1322 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 4 56 theme free 650:653 arg1 fibers 655:660 the uniform and bead free fibers 629:660 the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance 629:754 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 8 57 with product 1446:1452 arg1 property 1495:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 8 58 theme polymer 1373:1379 arg1 composite 1381:1389 the polymer composite 1369:1389 the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 1369:1423 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 6 59 theme electric 1131:1138 arg1 field 1140:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 the high electric field 1122:1144 With the increase in the concentration of HAP in the polymeric network, the diameter of the fiber was found to be thin with the high electric field. 30408314 4 60 theme applied 713:719 arg1 distance 747:754 applied voltage, tip to collector distance 713:754 distance 747:754 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 3 61 used used 524:527 arg2 cellulose 510:518 The chemically modified cellulose 486:518 The chemically modified cellulose 486:518 The chemically modified cellulose was used for the preparation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning method. 30408314 2 62 theme modified 277:284 arg1 Luffa 301:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa 261:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa 261:305 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 9 63 theme good 1654:1657 arg1 compatibility 1664:1676 good Cyto compatibility 1654:1676 good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1654:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 0 64 theme nanofiber 61:69 arg1 evaluation 90:99 its biological evaluation 75:99 its biological evaluation for biomedical applications 75:127 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 0 64 theme nanofiber 61:69 arg1 preparation 46:56 the preparation 42:56 the preparation of nanofiber 42:69 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 1 65 theme present 137:143 arg1 investigation 145:157 the present investigation 133:157 the present investigation 133:157 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 9 66 theme MG-63 1681:1685 arg1 lines 1703:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines 1681:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1681:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 9 67 theme cell 1698:1701 arg1 lines 1703:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines 1681:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1681:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 4 68 theme solution 757:764 arg1 concentration 766:778 solution concentration 757:778 solution concentration 757:778 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 0 69 theme biomedical 105:114 arg1 applications 116:127 biomedical applications 105:127 biomedical applications 105:127 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 1 70 theme Luffa 201:205 arg1 sponge 228:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge 201:233 In the present investigation, the natural cellulose was extracted from Luffa cylindrica vegetable sponge by chemical modification. 30408314 8 71 theme bead 1436:1439 arg1 product 1446:1452 a bead free product 1434:1452 a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1434:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 5 72 theme hydroxyapatite 815:828 arg1 ratio 806:810 Different ratio 796:810 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 796:996 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 5 72 theme hydroxyapatite 815:828 arg1 HAP 831:833 HAP 831:833 HAP 831:833 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 11 73 dep Res 1765:1767 arg1 107A 1777:1780 107A 1777:1780 107A 1777:1780 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 30408314 11 73 dep Res 1765:1767 arg1 A 1774:1774 Part A 1769:1774 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 1750:1796 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 610-620, 2019. 30408314 7 74 theme developed 1233:1241 arg1 nanofiber 1243:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 0 75 theme modified 24:31 arg1 Luffa 33:37 chemically modified Luffa 13:37 chemically modified Luffa 13:37 Influence of chemically modified Luffa on the preparation of nanofiber and its biological evaluation for biomedical applications. 30408314 8 76 theme enhanced 1459:1466 arg1 property 1495:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property 1459:1502 From the results, we observed that the polymer composite developed with the ratio of 70:30 produces a bead free product with enhanced mechanical and bioactivity property by the formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer on the surface. 30408314 5 77 theme cellulose 978:986 arg1 -PLA 992:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 7 78 theme mechanical 1204:1213 arg1 properties 1215:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties 1189:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber 1189:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 2 79 theme scanning 408:415 arg1 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 SEM 438:440 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 79 theme scanning 408:415 arg1 microscopy 426:435 scanning electron microscopy 408:435 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 408:441 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 5 80 theme TC 989:990 arg1 -PLA 992:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA 966:995 Different ratio of hydroxyapatite (HAP): polylactic acid (PLA) such as 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 70:30 have been selected for the current evaluation and was compared with HAP-treated cellulose (TC)-PLA. 30408314 7 81 theme dielectric 1189:1198 arg1 properties 1215:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties 1189:1224 dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber 1189:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 2 82 theme energy-dispersive 448:464 arg1 spectroscopy 472:483 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 448:483 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 448:483 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 9 83 from compatibility 1664:1676 arg1 lines 1703:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines 1681:1707 MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr 1681:1716 All the nanofibrous scaffold fabricated with and without modification have shown good Cyto compatibility on MG-63 Osteoblast cell lines at 48 hr. 30408314 4 84 theme uniform 633:639 arg1 fibers 655:660 the uniform and bead free fibers 629:660 the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance 629:754 In order to achieve the uniform and bead free fibers with desired fiber diameter the parameters such as applied voltage, tip to collector distance, solution concentration were optimized. 30408314 2 85 theme powder 382:387 arg1 XRD 402:404 XRD 402:404 XRD 402:404 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 2 85 theme powder 382:387 arg1 diffraction 389:399 X-ray powder diffraction 376:399 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) 376:405 Both chemically modified and unmodified Luffa was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. 30408314 7 86 theme functional 1151:1160 arg1 nanofiber 1243:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 the developed nanofiber 1229:1251 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 30408314 7 86 theme functional 1151:1160 arg1 group 1162:1166 The functional group 1147:1166 The functional group 1147:1166 The functional group, phase formation and dielectric and mechanical properties of the developed nanofiber have been characterized by FTIR, XRD, mechanical property measurements, and SEM. 29909485 7 0 theme polyaniline 1043:1053 arg1 nanowires 1062:1070 polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 1043:1070 polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 1043:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 1 1 theme electrochemical 158:172 arg1 immunosensor 174:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor 144:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor 144:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 4 2 theme CEA 608:610 arg1 range 626:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 8 3 theme protein 1144:1150 arg1 solutions 1152:1160 single protein solutions 1137:1160 single protein solutions 1137:1160 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 4 4 theme immunoelectrode 527:541 arg1 current 516:522 The current 512:522 The current of immunoelectrode 512:541 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 3 5 contain possess 411:417 arg2 property 441:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 3 5 contain possess 411:417 arg1 nanowires 401:409 The modified nanowires 388:409 The modified nanowires 388:409 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 2 6 theme hyaluronic 344:353 arg1 acid 355:358 hyaluronic acid 344:358 hyaluronic acid 344:358 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 7 7 theme novel 940:944 arg1 wires 956:960 novel composite wires 940:960 novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 940:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 4 8 theme 10,000 pg mL-1 593:606 arg1 range 626:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 0 9 theme polyaniline 92:102 arg1 use 85:87 the use 81:87 the use of polyaniline 81:102 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 8 10 theme antifouling 1108:1118 arg1 property 1120:1127 excellent antifouling property 1098:1127 excellent antifouling property 1098:1127 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 6 11 theme immunosensor 878:889 arg1 Schematic 836:844 Graphical abstract Schematic 817:844 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 817:923 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 7 12 theme composite 946:954 arg1 wires 956:960 novel composite wires 940:960 novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 940:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 5 13 theme proteins 782:789 arg1 adsorption 768:777 unspecific adsorption 757:777 unspecific adsorption of proteins 757:789 This work demonstrates that coating an electrode with hyaluronic acid can largely reduce unspecific adsorption of proteins on the electrode surface. 29909485 8 14 theme excellent 1098:1106 arg1 property 1120:1127 excellent antifouling property 1098:1127 excellent antifouling property 1098:1127 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 6 15 theme electrochemical 862:876 arg1 immunosensor 878:889 a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor 849:889 a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor 849:889 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 0 16 dep nanowires 104:112 arg1 wrapped 114:120 wrapped 114:120 nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid 104:141 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 4 17 theme concentration 612:624 arg1 range 626:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range 593:630 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 6 18 theme nonfouling 851:860 arg1 immunosensor 878:889 a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor 849:889 a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor 849:889 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 4 19 from response 561:568 arg1 0.01 pg mL-1 577:588 the 0.01 pg mL-1 573:588 the 0.01 pg mL-1 573:588 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 7 20 theme available 1007:1015 arg1 HA 1034:1035 HA 1034:1035 HA 1034:1035 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 7 20 theme available 1007:1015 arg1 acid 1028:1031 hyaluronic acid 1017:1031 easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) 1000:1036 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 1 21 theme antigen 258:264 arg1 determination 204:216 determination 204:216 determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 204:270 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 3 22 theme single 458:463 arg1 solutions 473:481 single protein solutions 458:481 single protein solutions 458:481 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 0 23 theme nonfouling 2:11 arg1 immunosensor 26:37 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor 0:37 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline 0:102 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 8 24 theme single 1137:1142 arg1 solutions 1152:1160 single protein solutions 1137:1160 single protein solutions 1137:1160 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 7 25 theme hyaluronic 1017:1026 arg1 HA 1034:1035 HA 1034:1035 HA 1034:1035 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 7 25 theme hyaluronic 1017:1026 arg1 acid 1028:1031 hyaluronic acid 1017:1031 easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) 1000:1036 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 8 26 theme serum 1172:1176 arg1 samples 1178:1184 human serum samples 1166:1184 human serum samples 1166:1184 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 3 27 theme modified 392:399 arg1 nanowires 401:409 The modified nanowires 388:409 The modified nanowires 388:409 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 5 28 with electrode 707:715 arg1 acid 733:736 hyaluronic acid 722:736 hyaluronic acid 722:736 This work demonstrates that coating an electrode with hyaluronic acid can largely reduce unspecific adsorption of proteins on the electrode surface. 29909485 2 29 theme wires 309:313 arg1 use 292:294 the use 288:294 the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires 288:385 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 7 30 theme acid 1028:1031 arg1 grafting 988:995 the chemical grafting 975:995 the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 975:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 0 31 theme hyaluronic 127:136 arg1 acid 138:141 hyaluronic acid 127:141 hyaluronic acid 127:141 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 6 32 theme abstract 827:834 arg1 Schematic 836:844 Graphical abstract Schematic 817:844 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 817:923 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 2 33 theme composite 299:307 arg1 wires 309:313 composite wires 299:313 composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires 299:385 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 0 34 theme voltammetric 13:24 arg1 immunosensor 26:37 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor 0:37 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline 0:102 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 4 35 theme 0.0075 pg mL-1 636:649 arg1 limit 661:665 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit 636:665 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit 636:665 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 3 36 theme excellent 419:427 arg1 property 441:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 5 37 theme unspecific 757:766 arg1 adsorption 768:777 unspecific adsorption 757:777 unspecific adsorption of proteins 757:789 This work demonstrates that coating an electrode with hyaluronic acid can largely reduce unspecific adsorption of proteins on the electrode surface. 29909485 1 38 theme tumor 225:229 arg1 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 1 38 theme tumor 225:229 arg1 antigen 258:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen 221:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 221:270 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 3 39 theme protein 465:471 arg1 solutions 473:481 single protein solutions 458:481 single protein solutions 458:481 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 3 40 theme antifouling 429:439 arg1 property 441:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 excellent antifouling property 419:448 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 2 41 theme acid 355:358 arg1 grafting 332:339 chemical grafting 323:339 chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires 323:385 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 6 42 theme Graphical 817:825 arg1 Schematic 836:844 Graphical abstract Schematic 817:844 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 817:923 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 1 43 theme biomarker 231:239 arg1 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 1 43 theme biomarker 231:239 arg1 antigen 258:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen 221:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 221:270 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 8 44 dep solutions 1152:1160 arg1 both 1129:1132 both 1129:1132 both 1129:1132 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 0 45 theme carcinoembryonic 47:62 arg1 antigen 64:70 the carcinoembryonic antigen 43:70 the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline 43:102 A nonfouling voltammetric immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen based on the use of polyaniline nanowires wrapped with hyaluronic acid. 29909485 5 46 theme hyaluronic 722:731 arg1 acid 733:736 hyaluronic acid 722:736 hyaluronic acid 722:736 This work demonstrates that coating an electrode with hyaluronic acid can largely reduce unspecific adsorption of proteins on the electrode surface. 29909485 7 47 theme chemical 979:986 arg1 grafting 988:995 the chemical grafting 975:995 the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 975:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 4 48 theme linear 554:559 arg1 response 561:568 a linear response 552:568 a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit 552:665 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 29909485 8 49 theme human 1166:1170 arg1 samples 1178:1184 human serum samples 1166:1184 human serum samples 1166:1184 The HA/PANI demonstrated excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and human serum samples. 29909485 3 50 theme dilute 490:495 arg1 samples 503:509 dilute serum samples 490:509 dilute serum samples 490:509 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 1 51 theme carcinoembryonic 241:256 arg1 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 CEA 267:269 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 1 51 theme carcinoembryonic 241:256 arg1 antigen 258:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen 221:264 the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 221:270 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 6 52 theme carcinoembryonic 899:914 arg1 antigen 916:922 the carcinoembryonic antigen 895:922 the carcinoembryonic antigen 895:922 Graphical abstract Schematic of a nonfouling electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen. 29909485 3 53 theme serum 497:501 arg1 samples 503:509 dilute serum samples 490:509 dilute serum samples 490:509 The modified nanowires possess excellent antifouling property both in single protein solutions and in dilute serum samples. 29909485 2 54 theme chemical 323:330 arg1 grafting 332:339 chemical grafting 323:339 chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires 323:385 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 5 55 theme electrode 798:806 arg1 surface 808:814 the electrode surface 794:814 the electrode surface 794:814 This work demonstrates that coating an electrode with hyaluronic acid can largely reduce unspecific adsorption of proteins on the electrode surface. 29909485 7 56 theme PANI 1056:1059 arg1 nanowires 1062:1070 polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 1043:1070 polyaniline (PANI) nanowires 1043:1070 It is based on novel composite wires made through the chemical grafting of easily available hyaluronic acid (HA) onto polyaniline (PANI) nanowires. 29909485 2 57 theme polyaniline 365:375 arg1 nanowires 377:385 polyaniline nanowires 365:385 polyaniline nanowires 365:385 It is based on the use of composite wires made by chemical grafting of hyaluronic acid onto polyaniline nanowires. 29909485 1 58 theme non-fouling 146:156 arg1 immunosensor 174:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor 144:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor 144:185 A non-fouling electrochemical immunosensor is described for determination of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 29909485 4 59 theme detection 651:659 arg1 limit 661:665 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit 636:665 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit 636:665 The current of immunoelectrode exhibits a linear response in the 0.01 pg mL-1 to 10,000 pg mL-1 CEA concentration range and 0.0075 pg mL-1 detection limit. 30930264 3 0 theme 250 mm × 46 mm 522:535 arg1 column 541:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 11 1 theme it 1249:1250 arg1 capability 1252:1261 it capability 1249:1261 it capability 1249:1261 It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. 30930264 1 2 theme certain 160:166 arg1 effects 173:179 certain side effects 160:179 certain side effects 160:179 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 2 3 theme macromolecule 310:322 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 11 4 with capability 1252:1261 arg1 time 1296:1299 interaction time 1284:1299 interaction time 1284:1299 It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. 30930264 11 4 with capability 1252:1261 arg1 dose 1275:1278 little dose 1268:1278 little dose 1268:1278 It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. 30930264 4 5 theme maximum 591:597 arg1 % 633:633 80% 631:633 80% 631:633 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 4 5 theme maximum 591:597 arg1 elimination 599:609 The maximum elimination 587:609 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin 587:625 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 12 6 theme water 1383:1387 arg1 resource 1389:1396 water resource 1383:1396 water resource 1383:1396 Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource. 30930264 11 7 theme interaction 1284:1294 arg1 time 1296:1299 interaction time 1284:1299 interaction time 1284:1299 It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. 30930264 2 8 theme carboxymethylcellulose 287:308 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 9 9 theme kinetics 1068:1075 arg1 modeling 1077:1084 The kinetics modeling 1064:1084 The kinetics modeling 1064:1084 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 3 10 dep 35:65 564:568 arg1 v/v 571:573 v/v 571:573 v/v 571:573 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 0 11 from uptake 59:64 arg1 water 85:89 water 85:89 water 85:89 Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water. 30930264 2 12 used used 406:409 arg2 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 2 13 theme selective 277:285 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 12 14 theme reported 1313:1320 arg1 practical 1336:1344 practical 1336:1344 practical 1336:1344 Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource. 30930264 12 14 theme reported 1313:1320 arg1 technology 1322:1331 the reported technology 1309:1331 the reported technology 1309:1331 Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource. 30930264 1 15 theme side 168:171 arg1 effects 173:179 certain side effects 160:179 certain side effects 160:179 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 5 16 theme removal 730:736 arg1 data 738:741 The removal data 726:741 The removal data 726:741 The removal data obeyed Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin models. 30930264 7 17 theme Enthalpy 915:922 arg1 value 924:928 Enthalpy value 915:928 Enthalpy value 915:928 Enthalpy value was -14.16 kJ mol-1; showing exothermic removal. 30930264 8 18 from decrease 1028:1035 arg1 entropy 1040:1046 entropy 1040:1046 entropy 1040:1046 Entropy was -18.74 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K; presenting decrease in entropy in the process. 30930264 8 18 from decrease 1028:1035 arg1 process 1055:1061 the process 1051:1061 the process 1051:1061 Entropy was -18.74 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K; presenting decrease in entropy in the process. 30930264 1 19 theme Many 92:95 arg1 bodies 103:108 Many water bodies 92:108 Many water bodies 92:108 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 1 20 contain has 156:158 arg1 atorvastatin 136:147 atorvastatin 136:147 atorvastatin 136:147 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 1 20 contain has 156:158 arg2 problems 185:192 problems 185:192 problems 185:192 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 1 20 contain has 156:158 arg2 effects 173:179 certain side effects 160:179 certain side effects 160:179 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 4 21 theme agitated 672:679 arg1 time 681:684 40 min agitated time 665:684 40 min agitated time 665:684 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 8 22 theme presenting 1017:1026 arg1 decrease 1028:1035 -18.74 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K; presenting decrease 991:1035 -18.74 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K; presenting decrease in entropy 991:1046 Entropy was -18.74 × 10-3 kJ mol-1 K; presenting decrease in entropy in the process. 30930264 1 23 theme water 97:101 arg1 bodies 103:108 Many water bodies 92:108 Many water bodies 92:108 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 4 24 theme 40 min 665:670 arg1 time 681:684 40 min agitated time 665:684 40 min agitated time 665:684 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 0 25 theme carboxymethylcellulose-iron 17:43 arg1 composite 45:53 a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite 15:53 a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite 15:53 Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water. 30930264 5 26 dep Freundlich 750:759 arg1 models 804:809 models 804:809 models 804:809 The removal data obeyed Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin models. 30930264 2 27 theme composite 329:337 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 9 28 theme liquid 1116:1121 arg1 mechanisms 1138:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms 1093:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal 1093:1158 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 9 29 theme pseudo-first-order 1093:1110 arg1 mechanisms 1138:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms 1093:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal 1093:1158 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 9 30 theme removal 1152:1158 arg1 mechanisms 1138:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms 1093:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal 1093:1158 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 2 31 theme iron 324:327 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 9 32 theme film 1123:1126 arg1 mechanisms 1138:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms 1093:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal 1093:1158 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 1 33 theme healthy 197:203 arg1 individuals 205:215 healthy individuals 197:215 healthy individuals 197:215 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 4 34 theme 1.0 g L-1 695:703 arg1 dose 705:708 1.0 g L-1 dose 695:708 1.0 g L-1 dose 695:708 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 4 35 theme 40 μg L-1 640:648 arg1 concentration 650:662 40 μg L-1 concentration 640:662 40 μg L-1 concentration 640:662 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 9 36 theme diffusion 1128:1136 arg1 mechanisms 1138:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms 1093:1147 pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal 1093:1158 The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. 30930264 2 37 theme residue 443:449 arg1 uptake 415:420 uptake 415:420 uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water 415:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 2 38 theme atorvastatin 425:436 arg1 residue 443:449 atorvastatin drug residue 425:449 atorvastatin drug residue from water 425:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 0 39 theme composite 45:53 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water. 0:90 Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water. 30930264 2 40 from uptake 415:420 arg1 water 456:460 water 456:460 water 456:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 2 41 theme drug 438:441 arg1 residue 443:449 atorvastatin drug residue 425:449 atorvastatin drug residue from water 425:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 11 42 theme little 1268:1273 arg1 dose 1275:1278 little dose 1268:1278 little dose 1268:1278 It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. 30930264 12 43 theme atorvastatin 1367:1378 arg1 exclusion 1354:1362 the exclusion 1350:1362 the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource 1350:1396 Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource. 30930264 3 44 theme C28 517:519 arg1 column 541:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 10 45 theme removal 1165:1171 arg1 quick 1188:1192 quick 1188:1192 quick 1188:1192 The removal technology was quick, conservation pleasant and lucrative. 30930264 10 45 theme removal 1165:1171 arg1 technology 1173:1182 The removal technology 1161:1182 The removal technology 1161:1182 The removal technology was quick, conservation pleasant and lucrative. 30930264 6 46 from temperatures 901:912 arg1 -8.79 843:847 -8.79 843:847 -8.79 843:847 The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. 30930264 6 46 from temperatures 901:912 arg1 values 816:821 The values 812:821 The values of free energy 812:836 The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. 30930264 6 47 theme energy 831:836 arg1 -8.79 843:847 -8.79 843:847 -8.79 843:847 The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. 30930264 6 47 theme energy 831:836 arg1 values 816:821 The values 812:821 The values of free energy 812:836 The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. 30930264 3 48 theme id 537:538 arg1 column 541:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 2 49 theme green 373:377 arg1 methods 379:385 green methods 373:385 green methods 373:385 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 6 50 theme free 826:829 arg1 energy 831:836 free energy 826:836 free energy 826:836 The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. 30930264 2 51 theme effective 263:271 arg1 nanoparticles 339:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles 263:351 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 4 52 theme 298 K 714:718 arg1 temp 720:723 298 K temp 714:723 298 K temp 714:723 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 7 53 theme exothermic 959:968 arg1 removal 970:976 exothermic removal 959:976 exothermic removal 959:976 Enthalpy value was -14.16 kJ mol-1; showing exothermic removal. 30930264 1 54 theme contaminated 225:236 arg1 water 238:242 contaminated water 225:242 contaminated water 225:242 Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. 30930264 4 55 with % 633:633 arg1 concentration 650:662 40 μg L-1 concentration 640:662 40 μg L-1 concentration 640:662 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 3 56 theme Aqua 512:515 arg1 column 541:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column 512:546 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 12 57 from exclusion 1354:1362 arg1 resource 1389:1396 water resource 1383:1396 water resource 1383:1396 Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource. 30930264 3 58 from Atorvastatin 463:474 arg1 water 479:483 water 479:483 water 479:483 Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C28 (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. 30930264 0 59 theme atorvastatin 69:80 arg1 uptake 59:64 uptake 59:64 uptake of atorvastatin in water 59:89 Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water. 30930264 2 60 from water 456:460 arg1 residue 443:449 atorvastatin drug residue 425:449 atorvastatin drug residue from water 425:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 2 60 from water 456:460 arg1 uptake 415:420 uptake 415:420 uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water 415:460 For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. 30930264 4 61 theme atorvastatin 614:625 arg1 % 633:633 80% 631:633 80% 631:633 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 30930264 4 61 theme atorvastatin 614:625 arg1 elimination 599:609 The maximum elimination 587:609 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin 587:625 The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L-1 dose and 298 K temp. 29629660 6 0 theme high 956:959 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 4 1 from pH 683:684 arg1 release 672:678 the highest drug release 655:678 the highest drug release at pH 1.2 655:688 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 1 2 theme hydrogel 274:281 arg1 films 283:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films 253:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique 253:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 4 3 theme highest 659:665 arg1 release 672:678 the highest drug release 655:678 the highest drug release at pH 1.2 655:688 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 1 4 theme composite 177:185 arg1 design 197:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 7 5 theme metformin 1227:1235 arg1 rate 1219:1222 the release rate 1207:1222 the release rate of metformin 1207:1235 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 2 6 theme METHODS 345:351 arg1 polymer 411:417 a polymer 409:417 a polymer 409:417 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 6 theme METHODS 345:351 arg1 chitosan 388:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan 345:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan 345:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 5 7 theme MW 805:806 arg1 hydrogel 817:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 0 8 link Genipin-crosslinked 23:41 arg1 Films 73:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 4 9 theme chitosan 636:643 arg1 hydrogel 645:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 0 10 theme Molecular 125:133 arg1 Weight 135:140 Chitosan Molecular Weight 116:140 Chitosan Molecular Weight 116:140 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 8 11 theme MW 1258:1259 arg1 hydrogel 1270:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 3 12 theme hydrogels 606:614 arg1 pH 577:578 pH 1.2 and 7.4 577:590 pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels 577:614 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 1 13 used used 208:211 arg2 design 197:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 4 14 dep RESULTS 617:623 arg1 observed 694:701 observed 694:701 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs 690:786 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 4 15 dep % 713:713 arg1 i.e. 703:706 i.e. 703:706 i.e. 703:706 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 8 16 theme release 1299:1305 arg1 rate 1307:1310 an increased release rate 1286:1310 an increased release rate 1286:1310 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 6 17 theme highest 1043:1049 arg1 swelling 1059:1066 the highest dynamic swelling 1039:1066 the highest dynamic swelling 1039:1066 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 17 theme highest 1043:1049 arg1 7.9 1093:1095 7.9 1093:1095 7.9 1093:1095 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 17 theme highest 1043:1049 arg1 8.21 1084:1087 8.21 1084:1087 8.21 1084:1087 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 2 18 used used 401:404 arg2 chitosan 388:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan 345:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan 345:395 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 18 used used 401:404 arg2 polymer 411:417 a polymer 409:417 a polymer 409:417 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 5 19 theme % 830:830 arg1 release 837:843 9.67% drug release 826:843 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs 826:862 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 7 20 theme crosslinking 1187:1198 arg1 agent 1200:1204 crosslinking agent 1187:1204 the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent 1153:1204 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 5 21 theme % 873:873 arg1 release 880:886 90.63% drug release 868:886 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs 868:909 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 7 22 theme polymers 1167:1174 arg1 ratios 1157:1162 the ratios 1153:1162 the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent 1153:1204 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 7 22 theme polymers 1167:1174 arg1 agent 1200:1204 crosslinking agent 1187:1204 the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent 1153:1204 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 0 23 theme In 0:1 arg1 Evaluation 9:18 In vitro Evaluation 0:18 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 0:141 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 1 24 theme solvent 314:320 arg1 technique 334:342 solvent evaporation technique 314:342 solvent evaporation technique 314:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 6 25 theme highest 929:935 arg1 hrs 1014:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 25 theme highest 929:935 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 25 theme highest 929:935 arg1 % 940:940 The highest T50% 925:940 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel 925:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 25 theme highest 929:935 arg1 MW 949:950 low MW 945:950 low MW 945:950 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 0 26 theme Genipin-crosslinked 23:41 arg1 Films 73:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 8 27 theme agent 1395:1399 arg1 concentration 1365:1377 the concentration 1361:1377 the concentration of crosslinking agent 1361:1399 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 3 28 theme release 500:506 arg1 studies 508:514 Drug release studies 495:514 Drug release studies 495:514 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 0 29 theme Hydrogel 64:71 arg1 Films 73:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 4 30 theme 95.52 742:746 arg1 % 747:747 % 747:747 % 747:747 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 2 31 theme high 361:364 arg1 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 31 theme high 361:364 arg1 weight 376:381 Low and high molecular weight 353:381 weight 376:381 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 0 32 dep Evaluation 9:18 arg1 Effect 106:111 Effect 106:111 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 0:141 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 6 33 theme hydrogel 973:980 arg1 hrs 1014:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 33 theme hydrogel 973:980 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 33 theme hydrogel 973:980 arg1 % 940:940 The highest T50% 925:940 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel 925:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 33 theme hydrogel 973:980 arg1 MW 949:950 low MW 945:950 low MW 945:950 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 4 34 theme drug 749:752 arg1 release 754:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 0 35 dep In 0:1 arg1 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 6 36 theme MW 961:962 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 1 37 theme chitosan/Na-alginate 253:272 arg1 films 283:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films 253:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique 253:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 3 38 theme intestinal 556:565 arg1 fluids 567:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 1 39 theme films 283:287 arg1 optimization 237:248 optimization 237:248 optimization 237:248 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 1 39 theme films 283:287 arg1 preparation 221:231 preparation 221:231 preparation 221:231 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 3 40 theme gastric 544:550 arg1 fluids 567:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 1 41 theme factorial 187:195 arg1 design 197:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 1 42 theme central 169:175 arg1 design 197:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 central composite factorial design 169:202 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 2 43 used used 465:468 arg2 agent 488:492 a crosslinking agent 473:492 a crosslinking agent 473:492 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 43 used used 465:468 arg2 genipin 453:459 genipin 453:459 genipin 453:459 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 44 theme Low 353:355 arg1 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 44 theme Low 353:355 arg1 weight 376:381 Low and high molecular weight 353:381 weight 376:381 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 5 45 from pH 891:892 arg1 release 837:843 9.67% drug release 826:843 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs 826:862 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 5 45 from pH 891:892 arg1 release 880:886 90.63% drug release 868:886 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs 868:909 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 5 46 theme high 800:803 arg1 hydrogel 817:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 4 47 theme drug 667:670 arg1 release 672:678 the highest drug release 655:678 the highest drug release at pH 1.2 655:688 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 0 48 theme Weight 135:140 arg1 Effect 106:111 Effect 106:111 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 0:141 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 8 49 theme chitosan 1261:1268 arg1 hydrogel 1270:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 4 50 theme MW 633:634 arg1 hydrogel 645:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 3 51 theme formulated 595:604 arg1 hydrogels 606:614 formulated hydrogels 595:614 formulated hydrogels 595:614 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 1 52 dep preparation 221:231 arg1 the 217:219 the 217:219 the 217:219 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 7 53 theme release 1211:1217 arg1 rate 1219:1222 the release rate 1207:1222 the release rate of metformin 1207:1235 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 5 54 theme drug 832:835 arg1 release 837:843 9.67% drug release 826:843 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs 826:862 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 8 55 theme MW 1322:1323 arg1 hydrogel 1334:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 8 56 theme increased 1289:1297 arg1 rate 1307:1310 an increased release rate 1286:1310 an increased release rate 1286:1310 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 1 57 contain containing 289:298 arg2 metformin 300:308 metformin 300:308 metformin 300:308 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 1 57 contain containing 289:298 arg1 films 283:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films 253:287 chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique 253:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 6 58 theme dynamic 1051:1057 arg1 swelling 1059:1066 the highest dynamic swelling 1039:1066 the highest dynamic swelling 1039:1066 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 58 theme dynamic 1051:1057 arg1 7.9 1093:1095 7.9 1093:1095 7.9 1093:1095 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 58 theme dynamic 1051:1057 arg1 8.21 1084:1087 8.21 1084:1087 8.21 1084:1087 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 2 59 dep METHODS 345:351 arg1 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 59 dep METHODS 345:351 arg1 weight 376:381 Low and high molecular weight 353:381 weight 376:381 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 5 60 theme chitosan 808:815 arg1 hydrogel 817:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 high MW chitosan hydrogel 800:824 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 8 61 theme high 1317:1320 arg1 hydrogel 1334:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 0 62 theme Metformin 95:103 arg1 Delivery 83:90 Delivery 83:90 Delivery of Metformin 83:103 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 5 63 theme 9.67 826:829 arg1 % 830:830 % 830:830 % 830:830 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 8 64 theme chitosan 1325:1332 arg1 hydrogel 1334:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 high MW chitosan hydrogel 1317:1341 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 5 65 theme 90.63 868:872 arg1 % 873:873 % 873:873 % 873:873 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 7 66 dep CONCLUSION 1112:1121 arg1 found 1130:1134 found 1130:1134 was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified 1126:1251 CONCLUSION It was found that by changing the ratios of polymers as well as crosslinking agent, the release rate of metformin can be modified. 29629660 1 67 dep OBJECTIVES 143:152 arg1 used 208:211 used 208:211 was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique 204:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 0 68 theme Chitosan 116:123 arg1 Weight 135:140 Chitosan Molecular Weight 116:140 Chitosan Molecular Weight 116:140 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 5 69 theme drug 875:878 arg1 release 880:886 90.63% drug release 868:886 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs 868:909 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 6 70 theme MW 949:950 arg1 hrs 1014:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 70 theme MW 949:950 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 70 theme MW 949:950 arg1 % 940:940 The highest T50% 925:940 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel 925:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 70 theme MW 949:950 arg1 MW 949:950 low MW 945:950 low MW 945:950 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 5 71 from ph1.2 848:852 arg1 release 837:843 9.67% drug release 826:843 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs 826:862 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 5 71 from ph1.2 848:852 arg1 release 880:886 90.63% drug release 868:886 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs 868:909 In case of high MW chitosan hydrogel 9.67% drug release at ph1.2 for 2 hrs and 90.63% drug release at pH 7.4 after 12 hrs was observed. 29629660 8 72 theme Low 1254:1256 arg1 hydrogel 1270:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel 1254:1277 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 6 73 theme T50 937:939 arg1 hrs 1014:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 22.72 and 33.34 hrs 998:1016 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 73 theme T50 937:939 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 73 theme T50 937:939 arg1 % 940:940 The highest T50% 925:940 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel 925:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 73 theme T50 937:939 arg1 MW 949:950 low MW 945:950 low MW 945:950 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 8 74 theme crosslinking 1382:1393 arg1 agent 1395:1399 crosslinking agent 1382:1399 crosslinking agent 1382:1399 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 2 75 theme different 422:430 arg1 concentrations 432:445 different concentrations 422:445 different concentrations 422:445 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 0 76 theme Na-alginate/Chitosan 43:62 arg1 Films 73:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films 23:77 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 1 77 theme evaporation 322:332 arg1 technique 334:342 solvent evaporation technique 314:342 solvent evaporation technique 314:342 OBJECTIVES In this study, central composite factorial design was used for the preparation and optimization of chitosan/Na-alginate hydrogel films containing metformin via solvent evaporation technique. 29629660 2 78 theme crosslinking 475:486 arg1 genipin 453:459 genipin 453:459 genipin 453:459 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 78 theme crosslinking 475:486 arg1 agent 488:492 a crosslinking agent 473:492 a crosslinking agent 473:492 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 4 79 located observed 766:773 arg1 pH 734:735 pH 7.4 734:739 pH 7.4 734:739 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 4 79 located observed 766:773 arg2 release 754:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 0 80 theme Films 73:77 arg1 Evaluation 9:18 In vitro Evaluation 0:18 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 0:141 In vitro Evaluation of Genipin-crosslinked Na-alginate/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for Delivery of Metformin: Effect of Chitosan Molecular Weight. 29629660 8 81 theme release 1406:1412 arg1 rate 1414:1417 the release rate 1402:1417 the release rate 1402:1417 Low MW chitosan hydrogel showed an increased release rate than high MW chitosan hydrogel and by increasing the concentration of crosslinking agent, the release rate was found to be decreased and vice versa. 29629660 2 82 theme molecular 366:374 arg1 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 MW 384:385 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 2 82 theme molecular 366:374 arg1 weight 376:381 Low and high molecular weight 353:381 weight 376:381 METHODS Low and high molecular weight (MW) chitosan was used as a polymer in different concentrations while genipin was used as a crosslinking agent. 29629660 3 83 theme Drug 495:498 arg1 studies 508:514 Drug release studies 495:514 Drug release studies 495:514 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29629660 6 84 theme chitosan 964:971 arg1 hydrogel 973:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 high MW chitosan hydrogel 956:980 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 6 85 theme low 945:947 arg1 MW 949:950 low MW 945:950 low MW 945:950 The highest T50% of low MW and high MW chitosan hydrogel was observed as 22.72 and 33.34 hrs, respectively, while the highest dynamic swelling was observed as 8.21 and 7.9, respectively. 29629660 4 86 theme low 629:631 arg1 hydrogel 645:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 low MW chitosan hydrogel 629:652 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 4 87 theme % 747:747 arg1 release 754:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 95.52% drug release 742:760 RESULTS For low MW chitosan hydrogel, the highest drug release at pH 1.2 was observed i.e., 9.82% for 2 hrs while at pH 7.4, 95.52% drug release was observed after 12 hrs. 29629660 3 88 theme simulated 534:542 arg1 fluids 567:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 simulated gastric and intestinal fluids 534:572 Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids at pH 1.2 and 7.4 of formulated hydrogels. 29920474 5 0 theme study 614:618 arg1 group 620:624 The study group 610:624 The study group (n = 30 rats) 610:638 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 9 1 theme high-cholesterol 1015:1030 arg1 diet 1032:1035 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 1002:1035 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 1002:1035 The exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was associated with significant changes in SCFA levels. 29920474 11 2 dep acetate 1320:1326 arg1 butyrate 1341:1348 butyrate 1341:1348 acetate: propionate: butyrate 1320:1348 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 11 2 dep acetate 1320:1326 arg1 propionate 1329:1338 propionate 1329:1338 acetate: propionate: butyrate 1320:1348 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 9 3 from changes 1069:1075 arg1 levels 1085:1090 SCFA levels 1080:1090 SCFA levels 1080:1090 The exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was associated with significant changes in SCFA levels. 29920474 3 4 theme lipopolysaccharide 494:511 arg1 concentration 519:531 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration 494:531 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration 494:531 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 10 5 theme % 1224:1224 arg1 % 1231:1231 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1231:1231 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 4 6 theme Sprague-Dawley 589:602 arg1 rats 604:607 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats 568:607 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats 568:607 The experiment was carried out on 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats. 29920474 9 7 theme SCFA 1080:1083 arg1 levels 1085:1090 SCFA levels 1080:1090 SCFA levels 1080:1090 The exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was associated with significant changes in SCFA levels. 29920474 1 8 theme gut 178:180 arg1 microbiota 182:191 the gut microbiota 174:191 the gut microbiota 174:191 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 10 9 from increase 1241:1248 arg1 butyrate 1190:1197 butyrate 1190:1197 butyrate 1190:1197 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 9 from increase 1241:1248 arg1 level 1264:1268 propionate level 1253:1268 propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%) 1253:1304 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 7 10 theme exposure 874:881 arg1 start 857:861 start 857:861 start of dietary exposure 857:881 The rats from study and control groups were sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after start of dietary exposure. 29920474 2 11 dep composition 287:297 arg1 the 283:285 the 283:285 the 283:285 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 5 12 theme = 629:629 arg1 n 627:627 n 627:627 n = 30 rats 627:637 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 1 13 theme chain 133:137 arg1 acids 145:149 Short chain fatty acids 127:149 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 127:156 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 1 13 theme chain 133:137 arg1 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 11 14 theme HFHCh 1423:1427 arg1 groups 1429:1434 HFHCh groups 1423:1434 HFHCh groups 1423:1434 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 13 15 theme LPS 1566:1568 arg1 concentration 1570:1582 LPS concentration 1566:1582 LPS concentration 1566:1582 The dietary exposure resulted in significant differences in LPS concentration. 29920474 5 16 theme cholesterol 667:677 arg1 diet 679:682 cholesterol diet 667:682 high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh) 649:690 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 5 16 theme cholesterol 667:677 arg1 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 10 17 theme HFHCh 1126:1130 arg1 subgroup 1132:1139 HFHCh subgroup 1126:1139 HFHCh subgroup 1126:1139 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 18 from decrease 1178:1185 arg1 butyrate 1190:1197 butyrate 1190:1197 butyrate 1190:1197 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 18 from decrease 1178:1185 arg1 level 1264:1268 propionate level 1253:1268 propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%) 1253:1304 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 5 19 dep group 620:624 arg1 n 627:627 n 627:627 n = 30 rats 627:637 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 7 20 from groups 796:801 arg1 rats 768:771 The rats 764:771 The rats from study and control groups 764:801 The rats from study and control groups were sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after start of dietary exposure. 29920474 16 21 theme barrier 1913:1919 arg1 dysfunction 1921:1931 gut barrier dysfunction 1909:1931 gut barrier dysfunction 1909:1931 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 14 22 theme control 1672:1678 arg1 groups 1680:1685 control groups 1672:1685 control groups (P < 0.05) 1672:1696 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 14 22 theme control 1672:1678 arg1 < 1690:1690 P < 0.05 1688:1695 P < 0.05 1688:1695 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 0 23 theme chain 10:14 arg1 acids 22:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 10 24 theme ± 1277:1277 arg1 % 1282:1282 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1282:1282 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 25 theme ± 1298:1298 arg1 % 1303:1303 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1303:1303 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 2 26 theme microbiota 329:338 arg1 composition 287:297 composition 287:297 composition 287:297 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 2 26 theme microbiota 329:338 arg1 metabolism 303:312 metabolism 303:312 metabolism 303:312 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 8 27 theme Agilent 953:959 arg1 Technologies 961:972 Agilent Technologies 953:972 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 6 28 theme laboratory 747:756 arg1 rats 758:761 laboratory rats 747:761 laboratory rats 747:761 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 3 29 theme many 439:442 arg1 disorders 454:462 many metabolic disorders 439:462 many metabolic disorders 439:462 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 8 30 theme 1260 974:977 arg1 chromatography 937:950 gas chromatography 933:950 gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC) 933:983 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 8 30 theme 1260 974:977 arg1 GC 981:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 13 31 from differences 1551:1561 arg1 concentration 1570:1582 LPS concentration 1566:1582 LPS concentration 1566:1582 The dietary exposure resulted in significant differences in LPS concentration. 29920474 12 32 theme HFHCh 1459:1463 arg1 group 1465:1469 the HFHCh group 1455:1469 the HFHCh group 1455:1469 The main SCFA in the HFHCh group was propionate instead of acetate. 29920474 10 33 theme ± 1206:1206 arg1 % 1211:1211 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1211:1211 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 3 34 theme SCFA 477:480 arg1 profile 482:488 the SCFA profile 473:488 the SCFA profile 473:488 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 14 35 theme HFD 1603:1605 arg1 exposure 1607:1614 HFD exposure 1603:1614 HFD exposure 1603:1614 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 4 36 theme male 571:574 arg1 rats 604:607 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats 568:607 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats 568:607 The experiment was carried out on 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats. 29920474 7 37 theme control 788:794 arg1 groups 796:801 control groups 788:801 control groups 788:801 The rats from study and control groups were sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after start of dietary exposure. 29920474 1 38 theme polysaccharides 235:249 arg1 fermentation 204:215 the fermentation 200:215 the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides 200:249 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 12 39 theme main 1442:1445 arg1 SCFA 1447:1450 The main SCFA 1438:1450 The main SCFA in the HFHCh group 1438:1469 The main SCFA in the HFHCh group was propionate instead of acetate. 29920474 12 39 theme main 1442:1445 arg1 propionate 1475:1484 propionate 1475:1484 propionate instead of acetate 1475:1503 The main SCFA in the HFHCh group was propionate instead of acetate. 29920474 16 40 theme intestinal 1875:1884 arg1 imbalance 1886:1894 intestinal imbalance 1875:1894 intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction 1875:1931 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 9 41 theme significant 1057:1067 arg1 changes 1069:1075 significant changes 1057:1075 significant changes in SCFA levels 1057:1090 The exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was associated with significant changes in SCFA levels. 29920474 16 42 theme secondary 1896:1904 arg1 imbalance 1886:1894 intestinal imbalance 1875:1894 intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction 1875:1931 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 11 43 theme control 1389:1395 arg1 groups 1397:1402 control groups 1389:1402 control groups 1389:1402 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 6 44 theme = 714:714 arg1 n 712:712 n = 30 712:717 n = 30 712:717 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 6 44 theme = 714:714 arg1 group 705:709 The control group 693:709 The control group (n = 30) 693:718 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 2 45 theme major 262:266 arg1 factor 268:273 a major factor 260:273 a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota 260:338 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 2 45 theme major 262:266 arg1 Diet 252:255 Diet 252:255 Diet 252:255 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 11 46 theme acetate 1320:1326 arg1 ratio 1311:1315 The ratio 1307:1315 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate 1307:1348 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 8 47 from SFA 900:902 arg1 feces 907:911 feces 907:911 feces 907:911 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 6 48 theme control 697:703 arg1 n 712:712 n = 30 712:717 n = 30 712:717 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 6 48 theme control 697:703 arg1 group 705:709 The control group 693:709 The control group (n = 30) 693:718 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 10 49 dep decrease 1178:1185 arg1 % 1211:1211 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1211:1211 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 49 dep decrease 1178:1185 arg1 % 1231:1231 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1231:1231 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 15 50 theme LPS 1807:1809 arg1 secretion 1811:1819 LPS secretion 1807:1819 LPS secretion 1807:1819 Our study showed that HFHCh diet affected butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion. 29920474 8 51 from analysis 888:895 arg1 feces 907:911 feces 907:911 feces 907:911 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 11 52 dep changed 1359:1365 arg1 1 1383:1383 1 1383:1383 1 1383:1383 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 5 53 theme high-fat 649:656 arg1 diet 679:682 cholesterol diet 667:682 high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh) 649:690 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 5 53 theme high-fat 649:656 arg1 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 15 54 from increase 1795:1802 arg1 secretion 1811:1819 LPS secretion 1807:1819 LPS secretion 1807:1819 Our study showed that HFHCh diet affected butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion. 29920474 5 55 theme high 662:665 arg1 diet 679:682 cholesterol diet 667:682 high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh) 649:690 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 5 55 theme high 662:665 arg1 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 HFHCh 685:689 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 8 56 from feces 907:911 arg1 analysis 888:895 The analysis 884:895 The analysis of SFA in feces 884:911 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 10 57 theme ± 1226:1226 arg1 % 1231:1231 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1231:1231 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 4 58 dep male 571:574 arg1 8-weeks-old 577:587 8-weeks-old 577:587 8-weeks-old 577:587 The experiment was carried out on 72 male, 8-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats. 29920474 7 59 theme dietary 866:872 arg1 exposure 874:881 dietary exposure 866:881 dietary exposure 866:881 The rats from study and control groups were sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after start of dietary exposure. 29920474 1 60 theme Short 127:131 arg1 acids 145:149 Short chain fatty acids 127:149 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 127:156 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 1 60 theme Short 127:131 arg1 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 0 61 theme Sprague-Dawley 62:75 arg1 rats 77:80 Sprague-Dawley rats 62:80 Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 62:124 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 1 62 theme fatty 139:143 arg1 acids 145:149 Short chain fatty acids 127:149 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 127:156 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 1 62 theme fatty 139:143 arg1 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 SCFA 152:155 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 29920474 16 63 theme further 1942:1948 arg1 studies 1950:1956 further studies 1942:1956 further studies 1942:1956 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 0 64 theme high-fat 91:98 arg1 diet 121:124 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 91:124 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 91:124 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 15 65 theme propionate 1754:1763 arg1 production 1765:1774 butyrate and propionate production 1741:1774 butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion 1741:1819 Our study showed that HFHCh diet affected butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion. 29920474 8 66 theme SFA 900:902 arg1 analysis 888:895 The analysis 884:895 The analysis of SFA in feces 884:911 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 15 67 theme HFHCh 1721:1725 arg1 diet 1727:1730 HFHCh diet 1721:1730 HFHCh diet 1721:1730 Our study showed that HFHCh diet affected butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion. 29920474 0 68 from status 52:57 arg1 rats 77:80 Sprague-Dawley rats 62:80 Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 62:124 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 7 69 from study 778:782 arg1 rats 768:771 The rats 764:771 The rats from study and control groups 764:801 The rats from study and control groups were sacrificed after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after start of dietary exposure. 29920474 16 70 theme gut 1909:1911 arg1 dysfunction 1921:1931 gut barrier dysfunction 1909:1931 gut barrier dysfunction 1909:1931 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 0 71 theme high-cholesterol 104:119 arg1 diet 121:124 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 91:124 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 91:124 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 14 72 theme P 1688:1688 arg1 groups 1680:1685 control groups 1672:1685 control groups (P < 0.05) 1672:1696 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 14 72 theme P 1688:1688 arg1 < 1690:1690 P < 0.05 1688:1695 P < 0.05 1688:1695 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 5 73 dep = 629:629 arg1 rats 634:637 30 rats 631:637 30 rats 631:637 The study group (n = 30 rats) received high-fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHCh). 29920474 13 74 theme significant 1539:1549 arg1 differences 1551:1561 significant differences 1539:1561 significant differences in LPS concentration 1539:1582 The dietary exposure resulted in significant differences in LPS concentration. 29920474 3 75 theme that 418:421 arg1 diet 413:416 a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that 381:421 diet 413:416 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 0 76 theme short 4:8 arg1 acids 22:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 10 77 theme propionate 1253:1262 arg1 level 1264:1268 propionate level 1253:1268 propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%) 1253:1304 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 78 theme significant 1166:1176 arg1 decrease 1178:1185 a statistically significant decrease 1150:1185 a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) 1150:1232 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 3 79 theme cholesterol-rich 396:411 arg1 diet 413:416 a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that 381:421 diet 413:416 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 0 80 theme fatty 16:20 arg1 acids 22:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids 0:26 The short chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharides status in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. 29920474 8 81 theme gas 933:935 arg1 chromatography 937:950 gas chromatography 933:950 gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC) 933:983 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 8 81 theme gas 933:935 arg1 GC 981:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 3 82 theme study 356:360 arg1 aim 345:347 The aim 341:347 The aim of our study 341:360 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 13 83 theme dietary 1510:1516 arg1 exposure 1518:1525 The dietary exposure 1506:1525 The dietary exposure 1506:1525 The dietary exposure resulted in significant differences in LPS concentration. 29920474 10 84 theme % 1275:1275 arg1 % 1282:1282 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1282:1282 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 11 85 dep 1 1383:1383 arg1 1 1417:1417 1 1417:1417 1 1417:1417 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 11 85 dep 1 1383:1383 arg1 to 1404:1405 to 1404:1405 to 1404:1405 The ratio of acetate: propionate: butyrate was also changed (from 1.1: 0.6: 1 for control groups to 3 : 3,6 : 1 for HFHCh groups). 29920474 8 86 theme Technologies 961:972 arg1 chromatography 937:950 gas chromatography 933:950 gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC) 933:983 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 8 86 theme Technologies 961:972 arg1 GC 981:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 10 87 theme % 1296:1296 arg1 % 1303:1303 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1303:1303 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 2 88 theme colonic 321:327 arg1 microbiota 329:338 the colonic microbiota 317:338 the colonic microbiota 317:338 Diet is a major factor driving the composition and metabolism of the colonic microbiota. 29920474 15 89 theme butyrate 1741:1748 arg1 production 1765:1774 butyrate and propionate production 1741:1774 butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion 1741:1819 Our study showed that HFHCh diet affected butyrate and propionate production associated with an increase in LPS secretion. 29920474 8 90 theme A 979:979 arg1 chromatography 937:950 gas chromatography 933:950 gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC) 933:983 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 8 90 theme A 979:979 arg1 GC 981:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC 953:982 The analysis of SFA in feces was performed using gas chromatography (Agilent Technologies 1260 A GC). 29920474 14 91 theme LPS 1617:1619 arg1 concentration 1621:1633 LPS concentration 1617:1633 LPS concentration 1617:1633 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 9 92 theme high-fat 1002:1009 arg1 diet 1032:1035 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 1002:1035 high-fat and high-cholesterol diet 1002:1035 The exposure to high-fat and high-cholesterol diet was associated with significant changes in SCFA levels. 29920474 3 93 theme metabolic 444:452 arg1 disorders 454:462 many metabolic disorders 439:462 many metabolic disorders 439:462 The aim of our study was to examine how a fat-rich and cholesterol-rich diet that, which leads to many metabolic disorders, affects the SCFA profile and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration. 29920474 6 94 theme standard 729:736 arg1 food 738:741 standard food 729:741 standard food for laboratory rats 729:761 The control group (n = 30) received standard food for laboratory rats. 29920474 14 95 theme exposure 1607:1614 arg1 weeks 1594:1598 12 weeks 1591:1598 12 weeks of HFD exposure 1591:1614 After 12 weeks of HFD exposure, LPS concentration was significantly higher compared to control groups (P < 0.05). 29920474 12 96 from SCFA 1447:1450 arg1 group 1465:1469 the HFHCh group 1455:1469 the HFHCh group 1455:1469 The main SCFA in the HFHCh group was propionate instead of acetate. 29920474 16 97 theme observed 1842:1849 arg1 changes 1851:1857 observed changes 1842:1857 observed changes 1842:1857 The hypothesis that observed changes could result in intestinal imbalance secondary to gut barrier dysfunction requires further studies. 29920474 10 98 theme % 1204:1204 arg1 % 1211:1211 12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1% 1200:1231 % 1211:1211 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 99 dep level 1264:1268 arg1 % 1282:1282 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1282:1282 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 10 99 dep level 1264:1268 arg1 % 1303:1303 45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1% 1271:1303 % 1303:1303 Relative to the control, each of HFHCh subgroup revealed a statistically significant decrease in butyrate (12.5% ± 5.7% versus 32.8% ± 9.1%) and an increase in propionate level (45.4% ± 6.2% versus 19.14% ± 7.1%). 29920474 1 100 theme non-digestible 220:233 arg1 polysaccharides 235:249 non-digestible polysaccharides 220:249 non-digestible polysaccharides 220:249 Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced by the gut microbiota during the fermentation of non-digestible polysaccharides. 31702867 2 0 theme paracrine 426:434 arg1 effect 436:441 their paracrine effect 420:441 their paracrine effect 420:441 Recent reports have suggested that exosomes (EXOs) secreted by this type of stem cells may contribute to their paracrine effect. 31702867 6 1 theme wound 963:967 arg1 closure 969:975 wound closure 963:975 wound closure 963:975 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 7 2 theme new 1054:1056 arg1 viewpoint 1058:1066 a new viewpoint 1052:1066 a new viewpoint 1052:1066 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 4 3 from site 702:705 arg1 model 721:725 the animal model 710:725 the animal model 710:725 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 2 4 theme Recent 315:320 arg1 reports 322:328 Recent reports 315:328 Recent reports 315:328 Recent reports have suggested that exosomes (EXOs) secreted by this type of stem cells may contribute to their paracrine effect. 31702867 7 5 theme structure 1165:1173 arg1 application 1136:1146 the application 1132:1146 the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel 1132:1214 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 1 6 theme fibrotic 298:305 arg1 tissue 307:312 fibrotic tissue 298:312 fibrotic tissue 298:312 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 6 7 theme wound 1026:1030 arg1 area 1032:1035 the wound area 1022:1035 the wound area 1022:1035 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 0 8 theme in 96:97 arg1 study 104:108 An in vivo study 93:108 full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study 65:108 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 1 9 theme tissue 307:312 arg1 mass 290:293 a nonfunctioning mass 273:293 a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue 273:312 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 7 10 theme alginate 1198:1205 arg1 hydrogel 1207:1214 alginate hydrogel 1198:1214 alginate hydrogel 1198:1214 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 4 11 used used 640:643 arg2 scaffold 660:667 a bioactive scaffold 648:667 a bioactive scaffold 648:667 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 4 11 used used 640:643 arg2 EXO 594:596 The EXO 590:596 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel 590:634 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 6 12 theme dressing 917:924 arg1 technique 926:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 4 13 from EXO 685:687 arg1 site 702:705 the wound site 692:705 the wound site in the animal model 692:725 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 0 14 dep in 96:97 arg1 vivo 99:102 vivo 99:102 vivo 99:102 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 5 15 theme Alg 782:784 arg1 hydrogel 786:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 5 16 theme EXO 771:773 arg1 hydrogel 786:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 7 17 theme cell-free 1074:1082 arg1 strategy 1096:1103 a cell-free therapeutic strategy 1072:1103 a cell-free therapeutic strategy 1072:1103 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 7 18 theme wound 1110:1114 arg1 healing 1116:1122 wound healing 1110:1122 wound healing 1110:1122 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 1 19 theme most 148:151 arg1 processes 176:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 2 20 theme stem 391:394 arg1 cells 396:400 stem cells 391:400 stem cells 391:400 Recent reports have suggested that exosomes (EXOs) secreted by this type of stem cells may contribute to their paracrine effect. 31702867 7 21 theme composite 1155:1163 arg1 structure 1165:1173 the composite structure 1151:1173 the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel 1151:1214 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 1 22 theme complicated 153:163 arg1 processes 176:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 0 23 theme Exosome 0:6 arg1 hydrogel 24:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 6 24 theme wound 911:915 arg1 technique 926:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 0 25 dep wounds 85:90 arg1 study 104:108 An in vivo study 93:108 full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study 65:108 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 3 26 attach isolated 473:480 arg1 supernatant 491:501 the supernatant 487:501 the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 487:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 3 26 attach isolated 473:480 arg2 EXOs 463:466 the EXOs 459:466 the EXOs 459:466 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 1 27 theme biological 165:174 arg1 processes 176:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 28 theme diabetic 241:248 arg1 diseases 250:257 diabetic diseases 241:257 diabetic diseases 241:257 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 29 theme processes 176:184 arg1 healing 117:123 Wound healing 111:123 Wound healing 111:123 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 29 theme processes 176:184 arg1 one 137:139 one 137:139 one 137:139 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 29 theme processes 176:184 arg1 processes 176:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 0 30 theme alginate 15:22 arg1 hydrogel 24:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 4 31 theme wound 696:700 arg1 site 702:705 the wound site 692:705 the wound site in the animal model 692:725 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 7 32 theme EXO 1178:1180 arg1 structure 1165:1173 the composite structure 1151:1173 the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel 1151:1214 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 5 33 theme biochemical 745:755 arg1 properties 757:766 The physical and biochemical properties 728:766 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 728:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 0 34 theme tissue 42:47 arg1 regeneration 49:60 tissue regeneration 42:60 tissue regeneration 42:60 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 3 35 theme stem 531:534 arg1 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 3 35 theme stem 531:534 arg1 cells 536:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells 506:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 506:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 5 36 theme hydrogel 786:793 arg1 properties 757:766 The physical and biochemical properties 728:766 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 728:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 1 37 theme injured 190:196 arg1 skin 198:201 injured skin 190:201 injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases 190:257 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 3 38 link adipose-derived 515:529 arg1 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 3 38 link adipose-derived 515:529 arg1 cells 536:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells 506:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 506:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 7 39 theme therapeutic 1084:1094 arg1 strategy 1096:1103 a cell-free therapeutic strategy 1072:1103 a cell-free therapeutic strategy 1072:1103 Results offer a new viewpoint and a cell-free therapeutic strategy, for wound healing through the application of the composite structure of EXO encapsulated in alginate hydrogel. 31702867 3 40 theme cells 536:540 arg1 supernatant 491:501 the supernatant 487:501 the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 487:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 6 41 theme collagen 978:985 arg1 synthesis 987:995 collagen synthesis 978:995 collagen synthesis 978:995 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 6 42 theme bioactive 901:909 arg1 technique 926:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique 896:934 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 3 43 theme cultured 506:513 arg1 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 3 43 theme cultured 506:513 arg1 cells 536:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells 506:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 506:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 2 44 theme cells 396:400 arg1 type 383:386 this type 378:386 this type of stem cells 378:400 Recent reports have suggested that exosomes (EXOs) secreted by this type of stem cells may contribute to their paracrine effect. 31702867 3 45 theme adipose-derived 515:529 arg1 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 ADSCs 543:547 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 3 45 theme adipose-derived 515:529 arg1 cells 536:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells 506:540 cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) 506:548 In this study, the EXOs were isolated from the supernatant of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) via ultracentrifugation and filtration. 31702867 1 46 theme Wound 111:115 arg1 healing 117:123 Wound healing 111:123 Wound healing 111:123 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 46 theme Wound 111:115 arg1 one 137:139 one 137:139 one 137:139 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 46 theme Wound 111:115 arg1 processes 176:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 the most complicated biological processes 144:184 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 1 47 theme nonfunctioning 275:288 arg1 mass 290:293 a nonfunctioning mass 273:293 a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue 273:312 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 4 48 theme bioactive 650:658 arg1 EXO 594:596 The EXO 590:596 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel 590:634 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 4 48 theme bioactive 650:658 arg1 scaffold 660:667 a bioactive scaffold 648:667 a bioactive scaffold 648:667 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 6 49 theme vessel 1002:1007 arg1 formation 1009:1017 vessel formation 1002:1017 vessel formation 1002:1017 This bioactive wound dressing technique has significantly improved wound closure, collagen synthesis, and vessel formation in the wound area. 31702867 5 50 theme fabricated 838:847 arg1 structure 849:857 fabricated structure 838:857 fabricated structure 838:857 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 0 51 theme skin 80:83 arg1 wounds 85:90 full-thickness skin wounds 65:90 full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study 65:108 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 4 52 theme animal 714:719 arg1 model 721:725 the animal model 710:725 the animal model 710:725 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 4 53 theme alginate-based 612:625 arg1 hydrogel 627:634 the alginate-based hydrogel 608:634 the alginate-based hydrogel 608:634 The EXO loaded in the alginate-based hydrogel was used as a bioactive scaffold to preserve the EXO in the wound site in the animal model. 31702867 5 54 theme loaded 775:780 arg1 hydrogel 786:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 771:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 1 55 theme surgical 213:220 arg1 trauma 223:228 trauma 223:228 trauma 223:228 Wound healing is known as one of the most complicated biological processes for injured skin caused by surgical, trauma, burns, or diabetic diseases, which causes a nonfunctioning mass of fibrotic tissue. 31702867 0 56 theme full-thickness 65:78 arg1 wounds 85:90 full-thickness skin wounds 65:90 full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study 65:108 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 31702867 5 57 theme physical 732:739 arg1 properties 757:766 The physical and biochemical properties 728:766 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel 728:793 The physical and biochemical properties of EXO loaded Alg hydrogel were characterized and results proved that fabricated structure was biodegradable and biocompatible. 31702867 0 58 theme loaded 8:13 arg1 hydrogel 24:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel 0:31 Exosome loaded alginate hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study. 30906951 7 0 theme mesenchymal 1196:1206 arg1 cells 1213:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 1 1 theme decreased 169:177 arg1 quality 179:185 decreased quality 169:185 decreased quality of life 169:193 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 6 2 theme acid 1003:1006 arg1 content 1008:1014 hyaluronic acid content 992:1014 hyaluronic acid content 992:1014 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 6 3 theme osteoconductive 1101:1115 arg1 content 1132:1138 osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content 1101:1138 osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content 1101:1138 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 0 4 theme regeneration 78:89 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 5 5 theme polyelectrolyte 866:880 arg1 complexes 882:890 polyelectrolyte complexes 866:890 polyelectrolyte complexes 866:890 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 5 6 theme scaffold 799:806 arg1 layers 808:813 both scaffold layers 794:813 both scaffold layers 794:813 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 7 7 theme tissue 1476:1481 arg1 regeneration 1483:1494 osteochondral tissue regeneration 1462:1494 osteochondral tissue regeneration 1462:1494 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 3 8 theme osteochondral 416:428 arg1 regeneration 437:448 osteochondral tissue regeneration 416:448 osteochondral tissue regeneration 416:448 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 4 9 theme seamless 635:642 arg1 integration 656:666 seamless interfacial integration 635:666 seamless interfacial integration 635:666 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 5 10 theme layers 808:813 arg1 component 781:789 a critical component 770:789 a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers 770:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 5 10 theme layers 808:813 arg1 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 4 11 theme distinct 518:525 arg1 solutions 535:543 Two distinct polymer solutions 514:543 Two distinct polymer solutions 514:543 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 6 12 theme higher 1080:1085 arg1 stiffness 1087:1095 higher stiffness 1080:1095 higher stiffness 1080:1095 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 7 13 dep chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 arg1 cells 1213:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 13 dep chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 arg1 SW-1353 1185:1191 SW-1353 1185:1191 SW-1353 1185:1191 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 6 14 theme hyaluronic 992:1001 arg1 acid 1003:1006 hyaluronic acid 992:1006 hyaluronic acid content 992:1014 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 7 15 theme scaffold 1449:1456 arg1 potential 1423:1431 the potential 1419:1431 the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration 1419:1494 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 5 16 with formation 853:861 arg1 polymers 933:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 3 17 theme phase 489:493 arg1 TIPS 507:510 TIPS 507:510 TIPS 507:510 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 3 17 theme phase 489:493 arg1 separation 495:504 thermally-induced phase separation 471:504 thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) 471:511 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 5 18 theme complexes 882:890 arg1 attachment 834:843 cell attachment 829:843 cell attachment 829:843 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 5 18 theme complexes 882:890 arg1 formation 853:861 the formation 849:861 the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers 849:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 7 19 theme osteoblast-like 1224:1238 arg1 cells 1240:1244 osteoblast-like cells 1224:1244 osteoblast-like cells 1224:1244 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 2 20 theme treatment 293:301 arg1 approach 303:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 2 20 theme treatment 293:301 arg1 scaffolds 208:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 1 21 theme life 190:193 arg1 osteoarthritis 150:163 osteoarthritis 150:163 osteoarthritis 150:163 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 1 21 theme life 190:193 arg1 quality 179:185 decreased quality 169:185 decreased quality of life 169:193 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 0 22 theme composite 15:23 arg1 scaffold 33:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 4 23 theme polymer 527:533 arg1 solutions 535:543 Two distinct polymer solutions 514:543 Two distinct polymer solutions 514:543 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 5 24 theme cell 829:832 arg1 attachment 834:843 cell attachment 829:843 cell attachment 829:843 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 0 25 theme Chitosan-based 0:13 arg1 scaffold 33:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 1 26 theme Prolonged 98:106 arg1 damage 129:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 7 27 theme relevant 1357:1364 arg1 markers 1366:1372 relevant markers 1357:1372 relevant markers of osteogenesis 1357:1388 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 3 28 theme thermally-induced 471:487 arg1 TIPS 507:510 TIPS 507:510 TIPS 507:510 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 3 28 theme thermally-induced 471:487 arg1 separation 495:504 thermally-induced phase separation 471:504 thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) 471:511 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 3 29 theme bilayer 395:401 arg1 scaffold 403:410 a bilayer scaffold 393:410 a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration 393:448 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 5 30 theme other 897:901 arg1 polymers 933:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 5 31 theme critical 772:779 arg1 component 781:789 a critical component 770:789 a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers 770:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 5 31 theme critical 772:779 arg1 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan 758:765 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 1 32 theme osteochondral 108:120 arg1 damage 129:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 4 33 theme stiffness 685:693 arg1 gradient 695:702 a mechanical stiffness gradient 672:702 a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment 672:755 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 0 34 theme bilayer 25:31 arg1 scaffold 33:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold 0:40 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 7 35 theme stem 1208:1211 arg1 cells 1213:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 mesenchymal stem cells 1196:1217 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 2 36 theme Multiphasic 196:206 arg1 approach 303:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 2 36 theme Multiphasic 196:206 arg1 scaffolds 208:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 1 37 theme tissue 122:127 arg1 damage 129:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage 98:134 Prolonged osteochondral tissue damage can result in osteoarthritis and decreased quality of life. 30906951 4 38 theme mechanical 674:683 arg1 gradient 695:702 a mechanical stiffness gradient 672:702 a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment 672:755 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 7 39 theme increased 1315:1323 arg1 expression 1330:1339 increased gene expression 1315:1339 increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis 1315:1388 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 4 40 theme bilayer 597:603 arg1 porous 589:594 the resulting porous 575:594 the resulting porous 575:594 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 4 40 theme bilayer 597:603 arg1 scaffold 605:612 bilayer scaffold 597:612 bilayer scaffold 597:612 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 4 41 theme osteochondral 726:738 arg1 microenvironment 740:755 the native osteochondral microenvironment 715:755 the native osteochondral microenvironment 715:755 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 4 42 theme native 719:724 arg1 microenvironment 740:755 the native osteochondral microenvironment 715:755 the native osteochondral microenvironment 715:755 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 6 43 theme bone 1053:1056 arg1 region 1058:1063 the subchondral bone region 1037:1063 the subchondral bone region 1037:1063 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 6 44 theme cartilage 957:965 arg1 region 967:972 The articular cartilage region 943:972 The articular cartilage region 943:972 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 2 45 theme different 248:256 arg1 microenvironments 258:274 different microenvironments 248:274 different microenvironments 248:274 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 3 46 theme tissue 430:435 arg1 regeneration 437:448 osteochondral tissue regeneration 416:448 osteochondral tissue regeneration 416:448 Here, a bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration was fabricated using thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). 30906951 6 47 theme subchondral 1041:1051 arg1 bone 1053:1056 the subchondral bone 1037:1056 the subchondral bone region 1037:1063 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 6 48 theme articular 947:955 arg1 region 967:972 The articular cartilage region 943:972 The articular cartilage region 943:972 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30906951 7 49 theme Following 1141:1149 arg1 co-culture 1151:1160 Following co-culture 1141:1160 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis 1141:1407 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 0 50 theme in 48:49 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 4 51 theme resulting 579:587 arg1 porous 589:594 the resulting porous 575:594 the resulting porous 575:594 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 4 51 theme resulting 579:587 arg1 scaffold 605:612 bilayer scaffold 597:612 bilayer scaffold 597:612 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 7 52 theme osteochondral 1462:1474 arg1 regeneration 1483:1494 osteochondral tissue regeneration 1462:1494 osteochondral tissue regeneration 1462:1494 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 2 53 theme different 225:233 arg1 layers 235:240 different layers 225:240 different layers 225:240 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 7 54 theme gene 1325:1328 arg1 expression 1330:1339 increased gene expression 1315:1339 increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis 1315:1388 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 5 55 with attachment 834:843 arg1 polymers 933:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 7 56 theme cell 1254:1257 arg1 proliferation 1259:1271 cell proliferation 1254:1271 cell proliferation 1254:1271 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 56 theme cell 1254:1257 arg1 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 0 57 dep scaffold 33:40 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 2 58 theme promising 283:291 arg1 approach 303:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 a promising treatment approach 281:310 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 2 58 theme promising 283:291 arg1 scaffolds 208:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds 196:216 Multiphasic scaffolds, where different layers model different microenvironments, are a promising treatment approach, yet stable joining between layers during fabrication remains challenging. 30906951 0 59 dep in 48:49 arg1 vitro 51:55 vitro 51:55 vitro 51:55 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 7 60 with co-culture 1151:1160 arg1 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 chondrocyte-like 1167:1182 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 60 with co-culture 1151:1160 arg1 proliferation 1259:1271 cell proliferation 1254:1271 cell proliferation 1254:1271 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 60 with co-culture 1151:1160 arg1 MG63 1247:1250 MG63 1247:1250 MG63 1247:1250 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 60 with co-culture 1151:1160 arg1 migration 1277:1285 migration 1277:1285 migration 1277:1285 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 60 with co-culture 1151:1160 arg1 cells 1240:1244 osteoblast-like cells 1224:1244 osteoblast-like cells 1224:1244 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 4 61 theme interfacial 644:654 arg1 integration 656:666 seamless interfacial integration 635:666 seamless interfacial integration 635:666 Two distinct polymer solutions were layered before TIPS, and the resulting porous, bilayer scaffold was characterized by seamless interfacial integration and a mechanical stiffness gradient reflecting the native osteochondral microenvironment. 30906951 0 62 theme defect 71:76 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 5 63 theme natural 925:931 arg1 polymers 933:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 7 64 theme osteogenesis 1377:1388 arg1 markers 1366:1372 relevant markers 1357:1372 relevant markers of osteogenesis 1357:1388 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 7 65 theme bilayer 1441:1447 arg1 scaffold 1449:1456 this bilayer scaffold 1436:1456 this bilayer scaffold 1436:1456 Following co-culture with chondrocyte-like (SW-1353 or mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoblast-like cells (MG63), cell proliferation and migration to the interface along with increased gene expression associated with relevant markers of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis indicates the potential of this bilayer scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. 30906951 0 66 theme osteochondral 57:69 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model 45:95 Chitosan-based composite bilayer scaffold as an in vitro osteochondral defect regeneration model. 30906951 5 67 theme relevant 916:923 arg1 polymers 933:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 other biologically relevant natural polymers 897:940 Chitosan is a critical component of both scaffold layers to facilitate cell attachment and the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with other biologically relevant natural polymers. 30906951 6 68 theme hydroxyapatite 1117:1130 arg1 content 1132:1138 osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content 1101:1138 osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content 1101:1138 The articular cartilage region was optimized for hyaluronic acid content and stiffness, while the subchondral bone region was defined by higher stiffness and osteoconductive hydroxyapatite content. 30211538 0 0 theme Supramolecular 73:86 arg1 Matrix 96:101 a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 71:101 a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 71:101 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 5 1 theme uniform 772:778 arg1 distribution 780:791 a uniform distribution 770:791 a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms 770:834 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 7 2 theme FmocFF/HA 1017:1025 arg1 hydrogels 1037:1045 the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 1013:1045 the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 1013:1045 Moreover, the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels reached up to 25 kPa. 30211538 1 3 theme major 128:132 arg1 acid 115:118 Hyaluronic acid 104:118 Hyaluronic acid (HA) 104:123 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 3 theme major 128:132 arg1 component 134:142 a major component 126:142 a major component of the extracellular matrix 126:170 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 9 4 theme hydrogel 1347:1354 arg1 matrix 1356:1361 the hydrogel matrix 1343:1361 the hydrogel matrix 1343:1361 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 9 5 theme peptide 1328:1334 arg1 concentration 1300:1312 the concentration 1296:1312 the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix 1296:1361 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 6 6 theme improved 868:875 arg1 properties 888:897 improved mechanical properties 868:897 improved mechanical properties 868:897 The composite hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties and stability to enzymatic degradation while maintaining their biocompatibility. 30211538 0 7 theme Matrix 96:101 arg1 Integration 56:66 Integration 56:66 Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 56:101 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 4 8 theme HA 484:485 arg1 formulation 469:479 The formulation 465:479 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, 465:666 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 8 9 theme composite 1073:1081 arg1 hydrogels 1083:1091 The composite hydrogels 1069:1091 The composite hydrogels 1069:1091 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 4 10 dep stable 697:702 arg1 homogeneous 705:715 homogeneous 705:715 homogeneous 705:715 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 11 theme most 566:569 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 0 12 theme Peptide 88:94 arg1 Matrix 96:101 a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 71:101 a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 71:101 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 6 13 theme enzymatic 916:924 arg1 degradation 926:936 enzymatic degradation 916:936 enzymatic degradation 916:936 The composite hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties and stability to enzymatic degradation while maintaining their biocompatibility. 30211538 2 14 theme mechanical 246:255 arg1 rigidity 257:264 its low mechanical rigidity 238:264 its low mechanical rigidity 238:264 Yet, its low mechanical rigidity and fast in vivo degradation hinder its utilization. 30211538 4 15 with formulation 469:479 arg1 one 555:557 one 555:557 one 555:557 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 15 with formulation 469:479 arg1 peptide 546:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 15 with formulation 469:479 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 5 16 theme microscopy 737:746 arg1 analysis 748:755 Electron microscopy analysis 728:755 Electron microscopy analysis 728:755 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 10 17 theme cross-linking 1473:1485 arg1 need 1465:1468 the need 1461:1468 the need of cross-linking 1461:1485 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 7 18 theme storage 994:1000 arg1 modulus 1002:1008 the storage modulus 990:1008 the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 990:1045 Moreover, the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels reached up to 25 kPa. 30211538 2 19 theme low 242:244 arg1 rigidity 257:264 its low mechanical rigidity 238:264 its low mechanical rigidity 238:264 Yet, its low mechanical rigidity and fast in vivo degradation hinder its utilization. 30211538 3 20 theme low-molecular-weight 390:409 arg1 hydrogelator 419:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator 388:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel 388:462 Here, we demonstrate the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel. 30211538 5 21 theme matrices 804:811 arg1 distribution 780:791 a uniform distribution 770:791 a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms 770:834 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 9 22 theme curcumin 1248:1255 arg1 release 1257:1263 curcumin release 1248:1263 curcumin release 1248:1263 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 3 23 with integration 371:381 arg1 hydrogelator 419:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator 388:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel 388:462 Here, we demonstrate the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel. 30211538 3 24 theme peptide 411:417 arg1 hydrogelator 419:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator 388:430 a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel 388:462 Here, we demonstrate the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel. 30211538 10 25 theme drug 1588:1591 arg1 release 1593:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 9 26 theme release 1257:1263 arg1 rate 1240:1243 the rate 1236:1243 the rate of curcumin release 1236:1263 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 9 26 theme release 1257:1263 arg1 function 1284:1291 a function 1282:1291 a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix 1282:1361 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 7 27 dep 25 1061:1062 arg1 to 1058:1059 to 1058:1059 to 1058:1059 Moreover, the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels reached up to 25 kPa. 30211538 1 28 theme extracellular 151:163 arg1 matrix 165:170 the extracellular matrix 147:170 the extracellular matrix 147:170 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 8 29 theme sustained 1101:1109 arg1 release 1111:1117 sustained release 1101:1117 sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities 1101:1220 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 2 30 theme in 275:276 arg1 degradation 283:293 fast in vivo degradation 270:293 fast in vivo degradation 270:293 Yet, its low mechanical rigidity and fast in vivo degradation hinder its utilization. 30211538 1 31 theme matrix 165:170 arg1 acid 115:118 Hyaluronic acid 104:118 Hyaluronic acid (HA) 104:123 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 31 theme matrix 165:170 arg1 component 134:142 a major component 126:142 a major component of the extracellular matrix 126:170 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 4 32 theme studied 571:577 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 33 theme FmocFF 538:543 arg1 one 555:557 one 555:557 one 555:557 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 33 theme FmocFF 538:543 arg1 peptide 546:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 33 theme FmocFF 538:543 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 8 34 theme curcumin 1122:1129 arg1 release 1111:1117 sustained release 1101:1117 sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities 1101:1220 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 2 35 theme fast 270:273 arg1 degradation 283:293 fast in vivo degradation 270:293 fast in vivo degradation 270:293 Yet, its low mechanical rigidity and fast in vivo degradation hinder its utilization. 30211538 0 36 theme Mechanical 14:23 arg1 Rigidity 25:32 the Mechanical Rigidity 10:32 the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 10:101 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 8 37 theme antitumor 1201:1209 arg1 activities 1211:1220 antitumor activities 1201:1220 antitumor activities 1201:1220 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 10 38 theme clinical 1547:1554 arg1 applications 1556:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 10 38 theme clinical 1547:1554 arg1 release 1593:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 1 39 theme Hyaluronic 104:113 arg1 HA 121:122 HA 121:122 HA 121:122 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 39 theme Hyaluronic 104:113 arg1 acid 115:118 Hyaluronic acid 104:118 Hyaluronic acid (HA) 104:123 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 39 theme Hyaluronic 104:113 arg1 material 190:197 an attractive material 176:197 an attractive material for various medical applications 176:230 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 39 theme Hyaluronic 104:113 arg1 component 134:142 a major component 126:142 a major component of the extracellular matrix 126:170 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 4 40 theme blocks 621:626 arg1 one 555:557 one 555:557 one 555:557 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 40 theme blocks 621:626 arg1 peptide 546:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 40 theme blocks 621:626 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 0 41 theme Hyaluronic 37:46 arg1 Acid 48:51 Hyaluronic Acid 37:51 Hyaluronic Acid 37:51 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 10 42 theme different 1537:1545 arg1 applications 1556:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 10 42 theme different 1537:1545 arg1 release 1593:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 6 43 theme mechanical 877:886 arg1 properties 888:897 improved mechanical properties 868:897 improved mechanical properties 868:897 The composite hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties and stability to enzymatic degradation while maintaining their biocompatibility. 30211538 4 44 theme notable 637:643 arg1 properties 656:665 notable mechanical properties 637:665 notable mechanical properties 637:665 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 45 theme fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl 496:519 arg1 one 555:557 one 555:557 one 555:557 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 45 theme fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl 496:519 arg1 peptide 546:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 45 theme fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl 496:519 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 5 46 theme Electron 728:735 arg1 analysis 748:755 Electron microscopy analysis 728:755 Electron microscopy analysis 728:755 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 4 47 theme building 612:619 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 10 48 theme new 1385:1387 arg1 approach 1389:1396 a new approach 1383:1396 a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking 1383:1485 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 1 49 theme attractive 179:188 arg1 material 190:197 an attractive material 176:197 an attractive material for various medical applications 176:230 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 1 49 theme attractive 179:188 arg1 acid 115:118 Hyaluronic acid 104:118 Hyaluronic acid (HA) 104:123 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 3 50 theme HA 361:362 arg1 reinforcement 344:356 the reinforcement 340:356 the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel 340:462 Here, we demonstrate the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel. 30211538 10 51 theme sustained 1578:1586 arg1 release 1593:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 6 52 theme composite 841:849 arg1 hydrogels 851:859 The composite hydrogels 837:859 The composite hydrogels 837:859 The composite hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties and stability to enzymatic degradation while maintaining their biocompatibility. 30211538 10 53 theme mechanical 1413:1422 arg1 rigidity 1424:1431 rigidity 1424:1431 rigidity 1424:1431 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 0 54 theme Acid 48:51 arg1 Rigidity 25:32 the Mechanical Rigidity 10:32 the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix 10:101 Improving the Mechanical Rigidity of Hyaluronic Acid by Integration of a Supramolecular Peptide Matrix. 30211538 10 55 from utilization 1522:1532 arg1 applications 1556:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 different clinical applications 1537:1567 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 10 55 from utilization 1522:1532 arg1 release 1593:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 sustained drug release 1578:1599 This work provides a new approach for conferring mechanical rigidity and stability to HA without the need of cross-linking, thus potentially facilitating its utilization in different clinical applications, such as sustained drug release. 30211538 8 56 theme hydrophobic 1134:1144 arg1 polyphenol 1146:1155 a hydrophobic polyphenol 1132:1155 a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities 1132:1220 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 8 56 theme hydrophobic 1134:1144 arg1 curcumin 1122:1129 curcumin 1122:1129 curcumin 1122:1129 The composite hydrogels allowed sustained release of curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol showing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. 30211538 5 57 theme composite 820:828 arg1 forms 830:834 the composite forms 816:834 the composite forms 816:834 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 4 58 theme stable 697:702 arg1 hydrogels 717:725 stable, homogeneous hydrogels 697:725 stable, homogeneous hydrogels 697:725 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 59 theme diphenylalanine 521:535 arg1 one 555:557 one 555:557 one 555:557 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 59 theme diphenylalanine 521:535 arg1 peptide 546:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide 492:552 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 4 59 theme diphenylalanine 521:535 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 5 60 from distribution 780:791 arg1 forms 830:834 the composite forms 816:834 the composite forms 816:834 Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a uniform distribution of the two matrices in the composite forms. 30211538 3 61 theme composite 445:453 arg1 hydrogel 455:462 a composite hydrogel 443:462 a composite hydrogel 443:462 Here, we demonstrate the reinforcement of HA by its integration with a low-molecular-weight peptide hydrogelator to produce a composite hydrogel. 30211538 4 62 theme self-assembling 579:593 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 7 63 theme composite 1027:1035 arg1 hydrogels 1037:1045 the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 1013:1045 the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 1013:1045 Moreover, the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels reached up to 25 kPa. 30211538 2 64 dep in 275:276 arg1 vivo 278:281 vivo 278:281 vivo 278:281 Yet, its low mechanical rigidity and fast in vivo degradation hinder its utilization. 30211538 4 65 theme hydrogels 717:725 arg1 formation 684:692 the formation 680:692 the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels 680:725 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 7 66 theme hydrogels 1037:1045 arg1 modulus 1002:1008 the storage modulus 990:1008 the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels 990:1045 Moreover, the storage modulus of the FmocFF/HA composite hydrogels reached up to 25 kPa. 30211538 9 67 theme concentration 1300:1312 arg1 function 1284:1291 a function 1282:1291 a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix 1282:1361 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 9 67 theme concentration 1300:1312 arg1 rate 1240:1243 the rate 1236:1243 the rate of curcumin release 1236:1263 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 4 68 theme mechanical 645:654 arg1 properties 656:665 notable mechanical properties 637:665 notable mechanical properties 637:665 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 1 69 theme various 203:209 arg1 applications 219:230 various medical applications 203:230 various medical applications 203:230 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30211538 9 70 theme FmocFF 1321:1326 arg1 peptide 1328:1334 the FmocFF peptide 1317:1334 the FmocFF peptide 1317:1334 Importantly, the rate of curcumin release was modulated as a function of the concentration of the FmocFF peptide within the hydrogel matrix. 30211538 4 71 theme hydrogel-forming 595:610 arg1 blocks 621:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks 562:626 The formulation of HA with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (FmocFF) peptide, one of the most studied self-assembling hydrogel-forming building blocks, showing notable mechanical properties, resulted in the formation of stable, homogeneous hydrogels. 30211538 1 72 theme medical 211:217 arg1 applications 219:230 various medical applications 203:230 various medical applications 203:230 Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix, is an attractive material for various medical applications. 30385318 6 0 theme 7.6 Å 947:951 arg1 map 960:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map 945:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map 945:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 6 1 theme helix 1103:1107 arg1 PRAD- 1117:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD- 1077:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 7 2 theme interdimer 1471:1480 arg1 areas 1490:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 2 3 theme OP 338:339 arg1 poisoning 341:349 OP poisoning 338:349 OP poisoning 338:349 BChE is thus a marker for the diagnosis of OP poisoning. 30385318 7 4 theme cryoEM 1424:1429 arg1 density 1431:1437 the cryoEM density 1420:1437 the cryoEM density 1420:1437 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 1 5 theme organophosphorus 264:279 arg1 agents 287:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 7 6 theme glycan 1446:1451 arg1 chains 1453:1458 glycan chains 1446:1458 glycan chains 1446:1458 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 7 dep chains 1453:1458 arg1 i.e. 1440:1443 i.e. 1440:1443 i.e. 1440:1443 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 8 theme features 1398:1405 arg1 reconstruction 1365:1378 reconstruction 1365:1378 reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas 1365:1494 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 8 theme features 1398:1405 arg1 bridges 1531:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 8 theme features 1398:1405 arg1 optimization 1316:1327 optimization 1316:1327 optimization of the geometry of the molecule 1316:1359 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 1 9 theme endogenous 159:168 arg1 butyrylcholinesterase 124:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase 111:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) 111:151 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 1 9 theme endogenous 159:168 arg1 bioscavenger 170:181 an endogenous bioscavenger 156:181 an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents 156:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 4 10 theme tetrameric 613:622 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 10 11 theme glycosylated 1916:1927 arg1 tetramers 1929:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 4 12 gly deglycosylated 468:481 arg1 monomer 483:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer 456:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE 456:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 4 12 gly deglycosylated 468:481 arg1 BChE 500:503 human BChE 494:503 human BChE 494:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 5 13 theme structural 864:873 arg1 organization 887:898 the overall structural and spatial organization 852:898 the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 852:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 6 14 theme major 982:986 arg1 features 988:995 the major features 978:995 the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits 978:1274 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 9 15 theme tetramer 1673:1680 arg1 organization 1682:1693 The tetramer organization 1669:1693 The tetramer organization of BChE 1669:1701 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 9 15 theme tetramer 1673:1680 arg1 unique 1706:1711 unique 1706:1711 unique 1706:1711 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 6 16 with dimers 1023:1028 arg1 arrangement 1055:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 17 theme BChE 630:633 arg1 structure 563:571 the 3D structure 556:571 the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 556:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 5 18 theme spatial 879:885 arg1 organization 887:898 the overall structural and spatial organization 852:898 the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 852:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 7 19 theme molecule 1352:1359 arg1 geometry 1336:1343 the geometry 1332:1343 the geometry of the molecule 1332:1359 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 1 20 theme Human 111:115 arg1 butyrylcholinesterase 124:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase 111:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) 111:151 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 1 20 theme Human 111:115 arg1 bioscavenger 170:181 an endogenous bioscavenger 156:181 an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents 156:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 1 20 theme Human 111:115 arg1 BChE 147:150 BChE 147:150 BChE 147:150 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 6 21 theme tetramer 1185:1192 arg1 center 1171:1176 the center 1167:1176 the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, 1167:1228 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 0 22 theme human 47:51 arg1 butyrylcholinesterase 53:73 human butyrylcholinesterase 47:73 human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD 47:108 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 5 23 theme human 926:930 arg1 BChE 939:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 5 24 theme dynamics 780:787 arg1 combination 674:684 a combination 672:684 a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were 672:825 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 5 25 theme BChE 939:942 arg1 organization 887:898 the overall structural and spatial organization 852:898 the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 852:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 7 26 theme C-terminal 1546:1555 arg1 tail 1557:1560 the C-terminal tail 1542:1560 the C-terminal tail 1542:1560 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 4 27 theme BChE 500:503 arg1 monomer 483:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer 456:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE 456:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 4 27 theme BChE 500:503 arg1 BChE 500:503 human BChE 494:503 human BChE 494:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 5 28 theme structural 709:718 arg1 microscopy 758:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 6 29 theme enzyme 1004:1009 arg1 features 988:995 the major features 978:995 the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits 978:1274 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 5 30 theme cryo-electron 744:756 arg1 microscopy 758:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 4 31 theme deglycosylated 468:481 arg1 monomer 483:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer 456:489 a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE 456:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 4 31 theme deglycosylated 468:481 arg1 BChE 500:503 human BChE 494:503 human BChE 494:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 0 32 theme butyrylcholinesterase 53:73 arg1 form 39:42 the natural tetrameric form 16:42 the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD 16:108 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 6 33 from center 1171:1176 arg1 located 1156:1162 located 1156:1162 located 1156:1162 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 0 34 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 structure 3:11 3D structure 0:11 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 0:109 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 1 35 theme nerve 281:285 arg1 agents 287:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 6 36 theme plunged 1237:1243 arg1 deep 1245:1248 plunged deep 1237:1248 plunged deep between the four subunits 1237:1274 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 7 37 theme intermonomer 1508:1519 arg1 bridges 1531:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 10 38 gly glycosylated 1916:1927 arg1 tetramers 1929:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 7 39 theme dynamics 1287:1294 arg1 simulations 1296:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations 1277:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations 1277:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 0 40 theme natural 20:26 arg1 form 39:42 the natural tetrameric form 16:42 the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD 16:108 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 5 41 theme small-angle 793:803 arg1 scattering-were 811:825 small-angle X-ray scattering-were 793:825 small-angle X-ray scattering-were 793:825 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 6 42 theme nonplanar 1037:1045 arg1 arrangement 1055:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 3 43 theme therapeutic 376:386 arg1 target 388:393 a therapeutic target 374:393 a therapeutic target against Alzheimer's disease 374:421 It is also considered a therapeutic target against Alzheimer's disease. 30385318 6 44 dep PRAD- 1117:1121 arg1 WAT 1123:1125 WAT 1123:1125 WAT 1123:1125 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 5 45 theme scattering-were 811:825 arg1 combination 674:684 a combination 672:684 a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were 672:825 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 9 46 theme polyproline-rich 1811:1826 arg1 peptide 1828:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 7 47 theme contact 1482:1488 arg1 areas 1490:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 6 48 located located 1156:1162 arg1 arrangement 1055:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 6 48 located located 1156:1162 arg1 center 1171:1176 the center 1167:1176 the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, 1167:1228 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 6 48 located located 1156:1162 arg2 tail 1148:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 10 49 theme tetramer 1842:1849 arg1 model 1878:1882 a model 1876:1882 a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1876:1937 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 10 49 theme tetramer 1842:1849 arg1 structure 1851:1859 This tetramer structure 1837:1859 This tetramer structure 1837:1859 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 8 50 theme obtained 1626:1633 arg1 model 1635:1639 the obtained model 1622:1639 the obtained model 1622:1639 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 1 51 theme poisonous 226:234 arg1 esters 236:241 poisonous esters 226:241 poisonous esters 226:241 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 7 52 theme glycan 1464:1469 arg1 areas 1490:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 glycan interdimer contact areas 1464:1494 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 6 53 theme complex 1109:1115 arg1 PRAD- 1117:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD- 1077:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 54 theme natural 580:586 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 8 55 used used 1587:1590 arg2 data 1577:1580 SAXS data 1572:1580 SAXS data 1572:1580 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 2 56 theme poisoning 341:349 arg1 diagnosis 325:333 the diagnosis 321:333 the diagnosis of OP poisoning 321:349 BChE is thus a marker for the diagnosis of OP poisoning. 30385318 6 57 theme super 1097:1101 arg1 PRAD- 1117:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD- 1077:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 8 58 theme experimental 1650:1661 arg1 data 1663:1666 the experimental data 1646:1666 the experimental data 1646:1666 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 1 59 theme potent 257:262 arg1 agents 287:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 potent organophosphorus nerve agents 257:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 4 60 theme 3D 560:561 arg1 structure 563:571 the 3D structure 556:571 the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 556:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 4 61 gly glycosylated 600:611 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 9 62 with contacts 1789:1796 arg1 peptide 1828:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 0 63 theme form 39:42 arg1 structure 3:11 3D structure 0:11 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 0:109 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 8 64 with consistency 1607:1617 arg1 data 1663:1666 the experimental data 1646:1666 the experimental data 1646:1666 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 7 65 theme invisible 1407:1415 arg1 features 1398:1405 the structural features 1383:1405 the structural features 1383:1405 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 10 66 theme tetramers 1929:1937 arg1 design 1892:1897 the design 1888:1897 the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1888:1937 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 6 67 from arrangement 1055:1065 arg1 located 1156:1162 located 1156:1162 located 1156:1162 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 5 68 theme overall 856:862 arg1 organization 887:898 the overall structural and spatial organization 852:898 the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 852:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 4 69 theme X-ray 437:441 arg1 structure 443:451 the X-ray structure 433:451 the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE 433:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 6 70 theme C-terminal 1137:1146 arg1 tail 1148:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 71 theme glycosylated 600:611 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 10 72 theme stable 1909:1914 arg1 tetramers 1929:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 highly stable glycosylated tetramers 1902:1937 This tetramer structure could serve as a model for the design of highly stable glycosylated tetramers. 30385318 5 73 theme natural 907:913 arg1 BChE 939:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 4 74 theme human 624:628 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 9 75 theme BChE 1698:1701 arg1 organization 1682:1693 The tetramer organization 1669:1693 The tetramer organization of BChE 1669:1701 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 9 75 theme BChE 1698:1701 arg1 unique 1706:1711 unique 1706:1711 unique 1706:1711 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 6 76 dep features 988:995 arg1 dimer 1014:1018 a dimer 1012:1018 the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits 978:1274 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 6 77 theme perpendicular 1202:1214 arg1 tetramer 1185:1192 the tetramer 1181:1192 the tetramer 1181:1192 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 5 78 theme microscopy 758:767 arg1 combination 674:684 a combination 672:684 a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were 672:825 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 7 79 from density 1431:1437 arg1 invisible 1407:1415 invisible 1407:1415 invisible 1407:1415 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 5 80 theme tetrameric 915:924 arg1 BChE 939:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 7 81 from invisible 1407:1415 arg1 density 1431:1437 the cryoEM density 1420:1437 the cryoEM density 1420:1437 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 6 82 theme dimers 1023:1028 arg1 dimer 1014:1018 a dimer 1012:1018 the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits 978:1274 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 83 theme human 494:498 arg1 BChE 500:503 human BChE 494:503 human BChE 494:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 7 84 theme geometry 1336:1343 arg1 reconstruction 1365:1378 reconstruction 1365:1378 reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas 1365:1494 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 84 theme geometry 1336:1343 arg1 bridges 1531:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 7 84 theme geometry 1336:1343 arg1 optimization 1316:1327 optimization 1316:1327 optimization of the geometry of the molecule 1316:1359 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 5 85 theme molecular 770:778 arg1 dynamics 780:787 molecular dynamics 770:787 molecular dynamics 770:787 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 5 86 theme plasma 932:937 arg1 BChE 939:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE 903:942 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 5 87 theme complementary 695:707 arg1 microscopy 758:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 7 88 theme structural 1387:1396 arg1 features 1398:1405 the structural features 1383:1405 the structural features 1383:1405 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 5 89 theme methods-single-particle 720:742 arg1 microscopy 758:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy 689:767 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 4 90 dep attempts 534:541 arg1 determine 546:554 determine 546:554 attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 534:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 4 90 dep attempts 534:541 arg1 unsuccessful 645:656 unsuccessful 645:656 have been unsuccessful so far 635:663 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 6 91 theme interconnecting 1081:1095 arg1 PRAD- 1117:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD- 1077:1121 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 92 theme monomer 483:489 arg1 structure 443:451 the X-ray structure 433:451 the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE 433:503 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 30385318 8 93 theme SAXS 1572:1575 arg1 data 1577:1580 SAXS data 1572:1580 SAXS data 1572:1580 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 0 94 dep butyrylcholinesterase 53:73 arg1 revealed 78:85 revealed 78:85 revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD 78:108 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 7 95 theme Molecular 1277:1285 arg1 simulations 1296:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations 1277:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations 1277:1306 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 9 96 theme noncovalent 1777:1787 arg1 contacts 1789:1796 noncovalent contacts 1777:1796 noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide 1777:1834 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 6 97 from located 1156:1162 arg1 arrangement 1055:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 6 97 from located 1156:1162 arg1 center 1171:1176 the center 1167:1176 the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, 1167:1228 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 0 98 theme tetrameric 28:37 arg1 form 39:42 the natural tetrameric form 16:42 the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD 16:108 3D structure of the natural tetrameric form of human butyrylcholinesterase as revealed by cryoEM, SAXS and MD. 30385318 7 99 theme disulfide 1521:1529 arg1 bridges 1531:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 intermonomer disulfide bridges 1508:1537 Molecular dynamics simulations allowed optimization of the geometry of the molecule and reconstruction of the structural features invisible in the cryoEM density, i.e., glycan chains and glycan interdimer contact areas, as well as intermonomer disulfide bridges at the C-terminal tail. 30385318 6 100 theme monomer 1047:1053 arg1 arrangement 1055:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 a nonplanar monomer arrangement 1035:1065 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 5 101 theme X-ray 805:809 arg1 scattering-were 811:825 small-angle X-ray scattering-were 793:825 small-angle X-ray scattering-were 793:825 Here, a combination of three complementary structural methods-single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics and small-angle X-ray scattering-were implemented to elucidate the overall structural and spatial organization of the natural tetrameric human plasma BChE. 30385318 6 102 theme 4-peptide 1127:1135 arg1 tail 1148:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 9 103 theme short 1805:1809 arg1 peptide 1828:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 a short polyproline-rich peptide 1803:1834 The tetramer organization of BChE is unique in that the four subunits are joined at their C-termini through noncovalent contacts with a short polyproline-rich peptide. 30385318 6 104 theme cryoEM 953:958 arg1 map 960:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map 945:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map 945:962 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 1 105 theme plasma 117:122 arg1 butyrylcholinesterase 124:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase 111:144 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) 111:151 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 1 105 theme plasma 117:122 arg1 bioscavenger 170:181 an endogenous bioscavenger 156:181 an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents 156:292 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 1 105 theme plasma 117:122 arg1 BChE 147:150 BChE 147:150 BChE 147:150 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 8 106 theme model 1635:1639 arg1 consistency 1607:1617 the consistency 1603:1617 the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data 1603:1666 Finally, SAXS data were used to confirm the consistency of the obtained model with the experimental data. 30385318 1 107 theme numerous 199:206 arg1 medicamentous 208:220 numerous medicamentous 199:220 numerous medicamentous 199:220 Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents. 30385318 6 108 theme PRAD- 1117:1121 arg1 tail 1148:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail 1077:1151 A 7.6 Å cryoEM map clearly shows the major features of the enzyme: a dimer of dimers with a nonplanar monomer arrangement, in which the interconnecting super helix complex PRAD-(WAT)4-peptide C-terminal tail is located in the center of the tetramer, nearly perpendicular to its plane, and is plunged deep between the four subunits. 30385318 4 109 theme full-length 588:598 arg1 BChE 630:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE 576:633 Although the X-ray structure of a partially deglycosylated monomer of human BChE was solved 15 years ago, all attempts to determine the 3D structure of the natural full-length glycosylated tetrameric human BChE have been unsuccessful so far. 31887862 1 0 theme sulfur 195:200 arg1 SNP 217:219 SNP 217:219 SNP 217:219 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 1 0 theme sulfur 195:200 arg1 nanoparticles 202:214 curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles 182:214 curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP) 182:220 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 3 1 theme SNP 381:383 arg1 Addition 356:363 Addition 356:363 Addition of curcumin and SNP 356:383 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 4 2 theme thermal 539:545 arg1 stability 547:555 thermal stability 539:555 thermal stability 539:555 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 5 3 theme composite 686:694 arg1 film 696:699 The composite film 682:699 The composite film 682:699 The composite film exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes, and strong antioxidant activity. 31887862 1 4 theme pectin-based 116:127 arg1 films 140:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 4 5 theme higher 508:513 arg1 angle 529:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 3 6 theme curcumin 368:375 arg1 Addition 356:363 Addition 356:363 Addition of curcumin and SNP 356:383 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 3 7 theme films 472:476 arg1 color 422:426 the surface color and UV-blocking properties 410:453 color 422:426 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 3 7 theme films 472:476 arg1 properties 444:453 the surface color and UV-blocking properties 410:453 properties 444:453 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 5 8 theme strong 776:781 arg1 activity 795:802 strong antioxidant activity 776:802 strong antioxidant activity 776:802 The composite film exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes, and strong antioxidant activity. 31887862 4 9 theme contact 521:527 arg1 angle 529:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 1 10 theme pH-responsive 102:114 arg1 films 140:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 0 11 theme pectin-based 14:25 arg1 films 43:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films incorporated with curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles. 31887862 4 12 theme water 515:519 arg1 angle 529:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 a higher water contact angle 506:533 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 6 13 theme shrimp 821:826 arg1 packaging 828:836 shrimp packaging 821:836 shrimp packaging 821:836 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 2 14 theme composite 340:348 arg1 film 350:353 a well-developed composite film 323:353 a well-developed composite film 323:353 FTIR and SEM results indicated that curcumin and SNP were uniformly dispersed in the pectin to form a well-developed composite film. 31887862 0 15 theme pH-responsive 0:12 arg1 films 43:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films incorporated with curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles. 31887862 2 16 theme well-developed 325:338 arg1 film 350:353 a well-developed composite film 323:353 a well-developed composite film 323:353 FTIR and SEM results indicated that curcumin and SNP were uniformly dispersed in the pectin to form a well-developed composite film. 31887862 3 17 theme composite 462:470 arg1 films 472:476 the composite films 458:476 the composite films 458:476 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 4 18 theme pectin 580:585 arg1 film 587:590 the neat pectin film 571:590 the neat pectin film 571:590 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 1 19 theme functional 129:138 arg1 films 140:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films 102:144 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 4 20 theme composite 483:491 arg1 films 493:497 The composite films 479:497 The composite films 479:497 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 6 21 dep orange 918:923 arg1 yellow 908:913 yellow 908:913 yellow 908:913 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 0 22 dep curcumin 67:74 arg1 nanoparticles 87:99 nanoparticles 87:99 nanoparticles 87:99 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films incorporated with curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles. 31887862 6 23 theme color 890:894 arg1 change 896:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 6 23 theme color 890:894 arg1 quality 932:938 the quality 928:938 the quality of the shrimp changed 928:960 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 3 24 theme UV-blocking 432:442 arg1 properties 444:453 the surface color and UV-blocking properties 410:453 properties 444:453 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 4 25 theme neat 575:578 arg1 film 587:590 the neat pectin film 571:590 the neat pectin film 571:590 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 5 26 theme antibacterial 711:723 arg1 activity 725:732 antibacterial activity 711:732 antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes 711:769 The composite film exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes, and strong antioxidant activity. 31887862 6 27 theme distinctive 878:888 arg1 change 896:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 6 27 theme distinctive 878:888 arg1 quality 932:938 the quality 928:938 the quality of the shrimp changed 928:960 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 2 28 theme SEM 232:234 arg1 results 236:242 FTIR and SEM results 223:242 FTIR and SEM results 223:242 FTIR and SEM results indicated that curcumin and SNP were uniformly dispersed in the pectin to form a well-developed composite film. 31887862 4 29 theme vapor 627:631 arg1 properties 641:650 the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties 602:650 properties 641:650 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 6 30 theme pH-responsive 857:869 arg1 change 896:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 6 30 theme pH-responsive 857:869 arg1 quality 932:938 the quality 928:938 the quality of the shrimp changed 928:960 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 4 31 theme water 621:625 arg1 properties 641:650 the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties 602:650 properties 641:650 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31887862 5 32 theme antioxidant 783:793 arg1 activity 795:802 strong antioxidant activity 776:802 strong antioxidant activity 776:802 The composite film exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes, and strong antioxidant activity. 31887862 2 33 theme FTIR 223:226 arg1 results 236:242 FTIR and SEM results 223:242 FTIR and SEM results 223:242 FTIR and SEM results indicated that curcumin and SNP were uniformly dispersed in the pectin to form a well-developed composite film. 31887862 1 34 theme curcumin 182:189 arg1 SNP 217:219 SNP 217:219 SNP 217:219 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 1 34 theme curcumin 182:189 arg1 nanoparticles 202:214 curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles 182:214 curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP) 182:220 pH-responsive pectin-based functional films have been prepared by incorporating curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles (SNP). 31887862 6 35 theme shrimp 947:952 arg1 change 896:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change 855:901 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 6 35 theme shrimp 947:952 arg1 quality 932:938 the quality 928:938 the quality of the shrimp changed 928:960 When applied to shrimp packaging, the film showed a pH-responsive highly distinctive color change from yellow to orange as the quality of the shrimp changed. 31887862 0 36 theme multifunctional 27:41 arg1 films 43:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films 0:47 pH-responsive pectin-based multifunctional films incorporated with curcumin and sulfur nanoparticles. 31887862 3 37 theme surface 414:420 arg1 color 422:426 the surface color and UV-blocking properties 410:453 color 422:426 Addition of curcumin and SNP significantly influenced the surface color and UV-blocking properties of the composite films. 31887862 4 38 theme barrier 633:639 arg1 properties 641:650 the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties 602:650 properties 641:650 The composite films showed a higher water contact angle and thermal stability compared with the neat pectin film, however, the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties did not change significantly. 31349474 7 0 theme promoting 1669:1677 arg1 role 1679:1682 a synergistic promoting role 1655:1682 a synergistic promoting role 1655:1682 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 1 theme mouse 664:668 arg1 cells 709:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 6 2 theme bending 1405:1411 arg1 high 1482:1485 high 1482:1485 high 1482:1485 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 6 2 theme bending 1405:1411 arg1 strength 1413:1420 the bending strength 1401:1420 the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1401:1476 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 1 3 theme osteogenesis 169:180 arg1 potential 182:190 osteogenesis potential 169:190 osteogenesis potential 169:190 Favorable cytocompatibility and osteogenesis potential are critical for the development of a bone repair material. 31349474 7 4 from addition 1587:1594 arg1 matrix 1641:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 2 5 theme whiskers 297:304 arg1 types 271:275 two types 267:275 two types of surface-modified whiskers 267:304 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 5 theme whiskers 297:304 arg1 whiskers 353:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 7 6 from potential 1790:1798 arg1 fields 1803:1808 fields 1803:1808 fields of bone repair 1803:1823 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 7 7 theme whiskers 1615:1622 arg1 addition 1587:1594 the addition 1583:1594 the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix 1583:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 8 theme osteoblast 677:686 arg1 cells 709:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 0 9 from MgO 75:77 arg1 osteogenesis 102:113 osteogenesis 102:113 osteogenesis 102:113 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 4 10 theme osteogenesis 1020:1031 arg1 genes 1033:1037 osteogenesis genes 1020:1037 osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) 1020:1063 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 3 11 theme apoptosis 779:787 arg1 inhibition 760:769 inhibition 760:769 inhibition of cell apoptosis 760:787 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 4 12 dep genes 1033:1037 arg1 I 1057:1057 COL I 1053:1057 COL I 1053:1057 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 12 dep genes 1033:1037 arg1 ALP 1040:1042 ALP 1040:1042 ALP 1040:1042 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 12 dep genes 1033:1037 arg1 OCN 1060:1062 OCN 1060:1062 OCN 1060:1062 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 12 dep genes 1033:1037 arg1 Runx-2 1045:1050 Runx-2 1045:1050 Runx-2 1045:1050 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 6 13 theme bone 1468:1471 arg1 nail 1473:1476 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1451:1476 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1451:1476 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 7 14 theme g-MgO 1599:1603 arg1 whiskers 1615:1622 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 1599:1622 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix 1599:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 2 15 theme injection 514:522 arg1 molding 524:530 injection molding 514:530 injection molding 514:530 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 6 16 theme bone 1532:1535 arg1 groups 1542:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 3 17 theme synergetic 555:564 arg1 contribution 566:577 the synergetic contribution 551:577 the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 551:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 6 18 theme bone 1434:1437 arg1 high 1482:1485 high 1482:1485 high 1482:1485 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 6 18 theme bone 1434:1437 arg1 strength 1413:1420 the bending strength 1401:1420 the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1401:1476 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 0 19 from whiskers 90:97 arg1 osteogenesis 102:113 osteogenesis 102:113 osteogenesis 102:113 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 2 20 theme composite 479:487 arg1 films 489:493 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films 462:493 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films 462:493 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 4 21 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 1096:1111 arg1 film 1113:1116 the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film 1092:1116 the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups 1092:1149 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 0 22 theme chitin 83:88 arg1 whiskers 90:97 chitin whiskers 83:97 chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro 83:134 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 7 23 theme bone 1813:1816 arg1 repair 1818:1823 bone repair 1813:1823 bone repair 1813:1823 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 5 24 theme implantation 1319:1330 arg1 16 weeks 1307:1314 16 weeks 1307:1314 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses 1307:1389 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 25 theme 3D 1335:1336 arg1 reconstruction 1338:1351 3D reconstruction 1335:1351 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses 1335:1389 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 2 26 dep magnesia 315:322 arg1 g-MgO 336:340 g-MgO 336:340 g-MgO 336:340 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 26 dep magnesia 315:322 arg1 g-CHN 346:350 g-CHN 346:350 g-CHN 346:350 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 0 27 theme Synergistic 0:10 arg1 effect 12:17 Synergistic effect 0:17 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 0:135 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 2 28 theme poly 402:405 arg1 matrix 425:430 a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix 400:430 a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix 400:430 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 3 29 theme pure 844:847 arg1 PLLA 849:852 pure PLLA 844:852 pure PLLA 844:852 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 30 theme whiskers 598:605 arg1 contribution 566:577 the synergetic contribution 551:577 the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 551:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 5 31 theme composite 1184:1192 arg1 nails 1199:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 0 32 theme poly 37:40 arg1 effect 12:17 Synergistic effect 0:17 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 0:135 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 7 33 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 1751:1766 arg1 composites 1768:1777 the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites 1737:1777 the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites 1737:1777 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 5 34 theme analyses 1382:1389 arg1 reconstruction 1338:1351 3D reconstruction 1335:1351 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses 1335:1389 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 35 theme new 1243:1245 arg1 formation 1252:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 2 36 theme chitin 328:333 arg1 types 271:275 two types 267:275 two types of surface-modified whiskers 267:304 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 36 theme chitin 328:333 arg1 whiskers 353:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 7 37 from whiskers 1615:1622 arg1 matrix 1641:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 38 theme cell 621:624 arg1 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 38 theme cell 621:624 arg1 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 38 theme cell 621:624 arg1 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 2 39 theme magnesia 315:322 arg1 types 271:275 two types 267:275 two types of surface-modified whiskers 267:304 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 39 theme magnesia 315:322 arg1 whiskers 353:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 4 40 theme material 1135:1142 arg1 groups 1144:1149 the material groups 1131:1149 the material groups 1131:1149 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 1 41 theme bone 230:233 arg1 material 242:249 a bone repair material 228:249 a bone repair material 228:249 Favorable cytocompatibility and osteogenesis potential are critical for the development of a bone repair material. 31349474 7 42 theme synergistic 1657:1667 arg1 role 1679:1682 a synergistic promoting role 1655:1682 a synergistic promoting role 1655:1682 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 7 43 from matrix 1641:1646 arg1 addition 1587:1594 the addition 1583:1594 the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix 1583:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 0 44 with effect 12:17 arg1 MgO 75:77 surface-modified MgO 58:77 surface-modified MgO 58:77 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 0 44 with effect 12:17 arg1 whiskers 90:97 chitin whiskers 83:97 chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro 83:134 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 1 45 theme material 242:249 arg1 development 213:223 the development 209:223 the development of a bone repair material 209:249 Favorable cytocompatibility and osteogenesis potential are critical for the development of a bone repair material. 31349474 4 46 theme calcium 969:975 arg1 deposition 977:986 calcium deposition 969:986 calcium deposition 969:986 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 7 47 theme PLLA 1636:1639 arg1 matrix 1641:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 PLLA matrix 1636:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 7 48 dep cell 1687:1690 arg1 affinity 1692:1699 affinity 1692:1699 affinity 1692:1699 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 49 theme embryo 670:675 arg1 cells 709:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 7 50 theme g-CHN 1609:1613 arg1 whiskers 1615:1622 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 1599:1622 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix 1599:1646 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 51 theme MC3T3-E1 699:706 arg1 cells 709:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 5 52 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 1278:1293 arg1 group 1295:1299 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group 1278:1299 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group 1278:1299 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 2 53 theme surface-modified 280:295 arg1 whiskers 297:304 surface-modified whiskers 280:304 surface-modified whiskers 280:304 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 54 theme bone 499:502 arg1 nails 504:508 bone nails 499:508 bone nails 499:508 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 4 55 theme genes 1033:1037 arg1 expression 1006:1015 expression 1006:1015 expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) 1006:1063 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 5 56 located detected 1266:1273 arg2 formation 1252:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 56 located detected 1266:1273 arg1 group 1295:1299 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group 1278:1299 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group 1278:1299 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 3 57 theme precursor 688:696 arg1 cells 709:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 664:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 6 58 theme nail 1537:1540 arg1 groups 1542:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 3 59 theme cells 709:713 arg1 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 59 theme cells 709:713 arg1 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 60 theme contribution 566:577 arg1 account 540:546 the account 536:546 the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 536:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 6 61 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 1451:1466 arg1 nail 1473:1476 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1451:1476 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1451:1476 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 6 62 theme other 1526:1530 arg1 groups 1542:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 other bone nail groups 1526:1547 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 4 63 theme COL 1053:1055 arg1 I 1057:1057 COL I 1053:1057 COL I 1053:1057 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 63 theme COL 1053:1055 arg1 ALP 1040:1042 ALP 1040:1042 ALP 1040:1042 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 0 64 theme surface-modified 58:73 arg1 MgO 75:77 surface-modified MgO 58:77 surface-modified MgO 58:77 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 3 65 theme cell 774:777 arg1 apoptosis 779:787 cell apoptosis 774:787 cell apoptosis 774:787 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 7 66 theme repair 1818:1823 arg1 fields 1803:1808 fields 1803:1808 fields of bone repair 1803:1823 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 6 67 theme defected 1425:1432 arg1 bone 1434:1437 defected bone 1425:1437 defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail 1425:1476 Besides, the bending strength of defected bone repaired by PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN bone nail was high to 48 MPa, which was far stronger than other bone nail groups. 31349474 1 68 theme Favorable 137:145 arg1 cytocompatibility 147:163 Favorable cytocompatibility 137:163 Favorable cytocompatibility 137:163 Favorable cytocompatibility and osteogenesis potential are critical for the development of a bone repair material. 31349474 3 69 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 807:822 arg1 film 824:827 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film 807:827 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film 807:827 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 5 70 theme micro-CT 1356:1363 arg1 reconstruction 1338:1351 3D reconstruction 1335:1351 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses 1335:1389 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 3 71 theme inhibition 760:769 arg1 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 71 theme inhibition 760:769 arg1 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 71 theme inhibition 760:769 arg1 alteration 731:740 the alteration 727:740 the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis 727:787 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 71 theme inhibition 760:769 arg1 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 2 72 theme PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN 462:477 arg1 films 489:493 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films 462:493 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films 462:493 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 5 73 theme histological 1369:1380 arg1 analyses 1382:1389 histological analyses 1369:1389 histological analyses 1369:1389 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 74 theme bone 1194:1197 arg1 nails 1199:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 3 75 theme cell-cycle 745:754 arg1 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 75 theme cell-cycle 745:754 arg1 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 75 theme cell-cycle 745:754 arg1 alteration 731:740 the alteration 727:740 the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis 727:787 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 75 theme cell-cycle 745:754 arg1 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 7 76 theme great 1784:1788 arg1 potential 1790:1798 great potential 1784:1798 great potential in fields of bone repair 1784:1823 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 4 77 theme secretion 931:939 arg1 level 918:922 the highest level 906:922 the highest level of the secretion of ALP 906:946 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 77 theme secretion 931:939 arg1 formation 956:964 the formation 952:964 the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro 952:1072 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 0 78 theme functionalized 22:35 arg1 l-lactide 42:50 l-lactide 42:50 l-lactide 42:50 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 0 78 theme functionalized 22:35 arg1 poly 37:40 functionalized poly 22:40 functionalized poly(l-lactide) 22:51 Synergistic effect of functionalized poly(l-lactide) with surface-modified MgO and chitin whiskers on osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 31349474 4 79 theme ALP 944:946 arg1 secretion 931:939 the secretion 927:939 the secretion of ALP 927:946 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 3 80 theme g-CHN 592:596 arg1 whiskers 598:605 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 582:605 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 582:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 7 81 theme developed 1741:1749 arg1 composites 1768:1777 the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites 1737:1777 the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites 1737:1777 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 4 82 theme highest 910:916 arg1 level 918:922 the highest level 906:922 the highest level of the secretion of ALP 906:946 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 3 83 theme g-MgO 582:586 arg1 whiskers 598:605 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 582:605 g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 582:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg1 account 540:546 the account 536:546 the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers 536:605 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg2 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg2 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg1 film 824:827 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film 807:827 PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film 807:827 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg2 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 84 located observed 795:802 arg2 alteration 731:740 the alteration 727:740 the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis 727:787 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 7 85 theme osteogenic 1705:1714 arg1 differentiation 1716:1730 osteogenic differentiation 1705:1730 osteogenic differentiation 1705:1730 Overall, this study demonstrated the addition of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers together in PLLA matrix played a synergistic promoting role in cell affinity and osteogenic differentiation, and the developed PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composites hold great potential in fields of bone repair. 31349474 3 86 theme enhanced 612:619 arg1 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 spreading 636:644 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 86 theme enhanced 612:619 arg1 adhesion 626:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 the enhanced cell adhesion 608:633 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 3 86 theme enhanced 612:619 arg1 proliferation 647:659 proliferation 647:659 proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells 647:713 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 5 87 theme bone 1247:1250 arg1 formation 1252:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 new bone formation 1243:1260 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 88 dep PLLA 1170:1173 arg1 nails 1199:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 composite bone nails 1184:1203 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 5 88 dep PLLA 1170:1173 arg1 the 1166:1168 the 1166:1168 the 1166:1168 Additionally, the PLLA and PLLA composite bone nails were implanted in rabbits' femurs and new bone formation was detected on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN group after 16 weeks of implantation by 3D reconstruction of micro-CT and histological analyses. 31349474 3 89 theme PLLA/g-CHN 870:879 arg1 films 881:885 PLLA/g-CHN films 870:885 PLLA/g-CHN films 870:885 On the account of the synergetic contribution of g-MgO and g-CHN whiskers, the enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells, as well as the alteration of cell-cycle and inhibition of cell apoptosis, were observed on PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film as compared to pure PLLA, PLLA/g-MgO and PLLA/g-CHN films. 31349474 4 90 theme deposition 977:986 arg1 level 918:922 the highest level 906:922 the highest level of the secretion of ALP 906:946 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 4 90 theme deposition 977:986 arg1 formation 956:964 the formation 952:964 the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro 952:1072 More importantly, the highest level of the secretion of ALP and the formation of calcium deposition, accompanied with expression of osteogenesis genes (ALP, Runx-2, COL I, OCN) in vitro were obtained for the PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN film among all of the material groups. 31349474 2 91 theme grafted 307:313 arg1 types 271:275 two types 267:275 two types of surface-modified whiskers 267:304 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 2 91 theme grafted 307:313 arg1 whiskers 353:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers 307:360 In this study, two types of surface-modified whiskers, grafted magnesia and chitin (g-MgO and g-CHN) whiskers, were synthesized and introduced into a poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) matrix singly or together to prepare PLLA/g-MgO/g-CHN composite films and bone nails via injection molding. 31349474 1 92 theme repair 235:240 arg1 material 242:249 a bone repair material 228:249 a bone repair material 228:249 Favorable cytocompatibility and osteogenesis potential are critical for the development of a bone repair material. 30634710 0 0 theme Design 92:97 arg1 Derivatives 123:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 8 1 theme formed 1178:1183 arg1 structures 1185:1194 the formed structures 1174:1194 the formed structures 1174:1194 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 9 2 theme film 1354:1357 arg1 degradation 1359:1369 chitosan film degradation 1345:1369 chitosan film degradation 1345:1369 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 2 3 theme properties 348:357 arg1 set 329:331 a unique set 320:331 a unique set of biochemical properties 320:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 3 theme properties 348:357 arg1 properties 348:357 biochemical properties 336:357 biochemical properties 336:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 4 4 theme 3D 580:581 arg1 scaffolds 583:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 5 link photo-crosslinked 551:567 arg1 films 569:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 5 6 theme Dynamic 677:683 arg1 scattering 691:700 Dynamic light scattering 677:700 Dynamic light scattering 677:700 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 2 7 theme biochemical 336:346 arg1 properties 348:357 biochemical properties 336:357 biochemical properties 336:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 0 8 theme Chitosan 114:121 arg1 Derivatives 123:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 4 9 theme scale 513:517 arg1 scaffolds 583:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 9 theme scale 513:517 arg1 aggregates 539:548 aggregates 539:548 aggregates 539:548 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 9 theme scale 513:517 arg1 films 569:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 9 theme scale 513:517 arg1 structures 519:528 different scale structures 503:528 different scale structures 503:528 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 5 10 theme light 685:689 arg1 scattering 691:700 Dynamic light scattering 677:700 Dynamic light scattering 677:700 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 10 11 theme analysis 1423:1430 arg1 data 1454:1457 the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data 1411:1457 the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data 1411:1457 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 0 12 theme Photosensitive 99:112 arg1 Derivatives 123:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 92:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 10 13 from regions 1532:1538 arg1 bulk 1555:1558 the polymer bulk 1543:1558 the polymer bulk 1543:1558 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 7 14 theme scaffolds 1067:1075 arg1 ones 1106:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 7 14 theme scaffolds 1067:1075 arg1 types 1050:1054 Different types 1040:1054 Different types 1040:1054 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 10 15 theme wavelet 1415:1421 arg1 analysis 1423:1430 wavelet analysis 1415:1430 wavelet analysis 1415:1430 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 2 16 with polysaccharide 300:313 arg1 set 329:331 a unique set 320:331 a unique set of biochemical properties 320:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 16 with polysaccharide 300:313 arg1 properties 348:357 biochemical properties 336:357 biochemical properties 336:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 8 17 theme dystrophic 1206:1215 arg1 changes 1233:1239 no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes 1203:1239 no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes 1203:1239 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 9 18 theme degradation 1359:1369 arg1 periodic 1376:1383 periodic 1376:1383 periodic 1376:1383 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 9 18 theme degradation 1359:1369 arg1 areas 1336:1340 the areas 1332:1340 the areas of chitosan film degradation 1332:1369 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 2 19 used used 252:255 arg2 materials 264:272 raw materials 260:272 raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties 260:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 19 used used 252:255 arg2 wastes 236:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 1 20 theme waste 200:204 arg1 % 227:227 up to 70% 219:227 up to 70% 219:227 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 1 20 theme waste 200:204 arg1 by-products 206:216 waste by-products 200:216 waste by-products (up to 70%) 200:228 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 9 21 theme chitosan 1345:1352 arg1 degradation 1359:1369 chitosan film degradation 1345:1369 chitosan film degradation 1345:1369 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 5 22 theme hydrophobic 810:820 arg1 substituents 822:833 hydrophobic substituents 810:833 hydrophobic substituents 810:833 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 10 23 theme ordered 1514:1520 arg1 regions 1532:1538 less ordered amorphous regions 1509:1538 less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk 1509:1558 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 1 24 theme by-products 206:216 arg1 quantities 186:195 large quantities 180:195 large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%) 180:228 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 3 25 theme preparation 373:383 arg1 methods 385:391 the preparation methods 369:391 the preparation methods 369:391 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 6 26 theme films 933:937 arg1 plasticity 901:910 the plasticity 897:910 the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films 897:937 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 6 26 theme films 933:937 arg1 higher 948:953 higher 948:953 higher 948:953 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 6 27 link photo-crosslinked 915:931 arg1 films 933:937 photo-crosslinked films 915:937 photo-crosslinked films 915:937 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 8 28 dep In 1155:1156 arg1 vivo 1158:1161 vivo 1158:1161 vivo 1158:1161 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 4 29 theme photo-crosslinked 551:567 arg1 films 569:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 10 30 theme diffraction 1442:1452 arg1 data 1454:1457 the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data 1411:1457 the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data 1411:1457 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 3 31 theme chitosan-based 424:437 arg1 products 439:446 chitosan-based products 424:446 chitosan-based products 424:446 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 0 32 theme Porous 19:24 arg1 Scaffolds 44:52 Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds 19:52 Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 19:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 6 33 theme tensile 1003:1009 arg1 strength 1011:1018 their tensile strength 997:1018 their tensile strength 997:1018 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 5 34 theme chitosan 731:738 arg1 derivatives 740:750 chitosan derivatives 731:750 chitosan derivatives 731:750 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 10 35 theme X-ray 1436:1440 arg1 diffraction 1442:1452 X-ray diffraction 1436:1452 X-ray diffraction 1436:1452 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 5 36 theme derivatives 740:750 arg1 aggregation 716:726 aggregation 716:726 aggregation of chitosan derivatives 716:750 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 6 37 theme photo-crosslinked 915:931 arg1 films 933:937 photo-crosslinked films 915:937 photo-crosslinked films 915:937 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 10 38 theme data 1454:1457 arg1 results 1400:1406 the results 1396:1406 the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data 1396:1457 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 3 39 theme long-term 401:409 arg1 stability 411:419 the long-term stability 397:419 the long-term stability 397:419 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 10 40 theme amorphous 1522:1530 arg1 regions 1532:1538 less ordered amorphous regions 1509:1538 less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk 1509:1558 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 5 41 from increase 784:791 arg1 number 800:805 the number 796:805 the number of hydrophobic substituents 796:833 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 0 42 theme Three-Dimensional 26:42 arg1 Scaffolds 44:52 Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds 19:52 Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 19:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 5 43 theme substituents 822:833 arg1 number 800:805 the number 796:805 the number of hydrophobic substituents 796:833 Dynamic light scattering revealed that aggregation of chitosan derivatives becomes more pronounced with an increase in the number of hydrophobic substituents. 30634710 7 44 theme polymer 1059:1065 arg1 scaffolds 1067:1075 polymer scaffolds 1059:1075 polymer scaffolds 1059:1075 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 8 45 theme necrobiotic 1221:1231 arg1 changes 1233:1239 no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes 1203:1239 no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes 1203:1239 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 6 46 theme chitosan 981:988 arg1 films 990:994 the initial chitosan films 969:994 the initial chitosan films 969:994 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 3 47 theme products 439:446 arg1 methods 385:391 the preparation methods 369:391 the preparation methods 369:391 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 3 47 theme products 439:446 arg1 stability 411:419 the long-term stability 397:419 the long-term stability 397:419 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 2 48 theme Such 231:234 arg1 wastes 236:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 48 theme Such 231:234 arg1 materials 264:272 raw materials 260:272 raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties 260:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 3 49 from application 460:470 arg1 biomedicine 475:485 biomedicine 475:485 biomedicine 475:485 However, the preparation methods and the long-term stability of chitosan-based products limit their application in biomedicine. 30634710 7 50 theme porous 1099:1104 arg1 ones 1106:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 6 51 theme initial 973:979 arg1 films 990:994 the initial chitosan films 969:994 the initial chitosan films 969:994 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 7 52 theme flexible 1086:1093 arg1 ones 1106:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 9 53 theme wavelet 1293:1299 arg1 analysis 1301:1308 the wavelet analysis 1289:1308 the wavelet analysis 1289:1308 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 7 54 theme laser 1130:1134 arg1 stereolithography 1136:1152 laser stereolithography 1130:1152 laser stereolithography 1130:1152 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 1 55 theme crustacean 140:149 arg1 industry 162:169 The crustacean processing industry 136:169 The crustacean processing industry 136:169 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 10 56 theme polymer 1547:1553 arg1 bulk 1555:1558 the polymer bulk 1543:1558 the polymer bulk 1543:1558 Comparing the results of the wavelet analysis and X-ray diffraction data, we have concluded that degradation occurs within less ordered amorphous regions in the polymer bulk. 30634710 8 57 theme structures 1185:1194 arg1 studies 1163:1169 In vivo studies 1155:1169 In vivo studies of the formed structures 1155:1194 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 2 58 theme raw 260:262 arg1 wastes 236:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes 231:241 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 58 theme raw 260:262 arg1 materials 264:272 raw materials 260:272 raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties 260:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 1 59 theme processing 151:160 arg1 industry 162:169 The crustacean processing industry 136:169 The crustacean processing industry 136:169 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 4 60 theme mechanochemically-modified 602:627 arg1 derivatives 638:648 mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives 602:648 mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives 602:648 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 8 61 theme In 1155:1156 arg1 studies 1163:1169 In vivo studies 1155:1169 In vivo studies of the formed structures 1155:1194 In vivo studies of the formed structures showed no dystrophic and necrobiotic changes, which proves their biocompatibility. 30634710 6 62 theme testing 875:881 arg1 results 849:855 the results 845:855 the results of the mechanical testing 845:881 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 9 63 used used 1314:1317 arg2 analysis 1301:1308 the wavelet analysis 1289:1308 the wavelet analysis 1289:1308 Moreover, the wavelet analysis was used to show that the areas of chitosan film degradation were periodic. 30634710 2 64 theme unique 322:327 arg1 set 329:331 a unique set 320:331 a unique set of biochemical properties 320:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 2 64 theme unique 322:327 arg1 properties 348:357 biochemical properties 336:357 biochemical properties 336:357 Such wastes could be used as raw materials for producing chitosan, a polysaccharide with a unique set of biochemical properties. 30634710 6 65 theme mechanical 864:873 arg1 testing 875:881 the mechanical testing 860:881 the mechanical testing 860:881 Although the results of the mechanical testing revealed that the plasticity of photo-crosslinked films was 5⁻8% higher than that for the initial chitosan films, their tensile strength remained unchanged. 30634710 7 66 theme Different 1040:1048 arg1 ones 1106:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 flexible and porous ones 1086:1109 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 7 66 theme Different 1040:1048 arg1 types 1050:1054 Different types 1040:1054 Different types 1040:1054 Different types of polymer scaffolds, such as flexible and porous ones, were developed by laser stereolithography. 30634710 0 67 theme Mechanochemical 64:78 arg1 Approach 80:87 a Mechanochemical Approach 62:87 a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives 62:133 From Aggregates to Porous Three-Dimensional Scaffolds through a Mechanochemical Approach to Design Photosensitive Chitosan Derivatives. 30634710 4 68 theme different 503:511 arg1 scaffolds 583:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 3D scaffolds 580:591 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 68 theme different 503:511 arg1 aggregates 539:548 aggregates 539:548 aggregates 539:548 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 68 theme different 503:511 arg1 films 569:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 photo-crosslinked films 551:573 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 4 68 theme different 503:511 arg1 structures 519:528 different scale structures 503:528 different scale structures 503:528 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 30634710 1 69 dep 70 225:226 arg1 to 222:223 to 222:223 to 222:223 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 1 70 theme large 180:184 arg1 quantities 186:195 large quantities 180:195 large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%) 180:228 The crustacean processing industry produces large quantities of waste by-products (up to 70%). 30634710 4 71 theme chitosan 629:636 arg1 derivatives 638:648 mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives 602:648 mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives 602:648 In this study, different scale structures, such as aggregates, photo-crosslinked films, and 3D scaffolds based on mechanochemically-modified chitosan derivatives, were successfully formed. 29879635 10 0 theme 2-HEA 1677:1681 arg1 gel 1692:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 9 1 theme erosion 1620:1626 arg1 process 1628:1634 erosion process 1620:1634 diffusion as well as erosion process 1599:1634 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 10 2 theme DMOG/TCN 1876:1883 arg1 delivery 1864:1871 the delivery 1860:1871 the delivery of DMOG/TCN 1860:1883 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 1 3 theme sodium 216:221 arg1 HA 236:237 HA 236:237 HA 236:237 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 3 theme sodium 216:221 arg1 hyaluronate 223:233 sodium hyaluronate 216:233 sodium hyaluronate (HA) 216:238 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 10 4 theme tissue 1893:1898 arg1 engineering 1900:1910 tissue engineering 1893:1910 tissue engineering 1893:1910 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 10 5 theme drugs 1720:1724 arg1 release 1726:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 8 6 from hydrogel 1402:1409 arg1 behaviour 1374:1382 sustained release behaviour 1356:1382 sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel 1356:1409 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 9 7 theme mathematical 1445:1456 arg1 models 1458:1463 The mathematical models 1441:1463 The mathematical models fitted data 1441:1475 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 1 8 theme present 151:157 arg1 study 159:163 the present study 147:163 the present study 147:163 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 5 9 from nature 815:820 arg1 37 °C 857:861 37 °C 857:861 37 °C 857:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 5 9 from nature 815:820 arg1 medium 847:852 aqueous medium 839:852 aqueous medium 839:852 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 10 10 theme regeneration 1739:1750 arg1 ability 1752:1758 regeneration ability 1739:1758 regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen 1739:1795 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 5 11 theme swelling 882:889 arg1 study 891:895 swelling study 882:895 swelling study 882:895 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 8 12 theme proangiogenic 1265:1277 arg1 DMOG 1307:1310 DMOG 1307:1310 DMOG 1307:1310 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 8 12 theme proangiogenic 1265:1277 arg1 drug-dimethyloxalylglycine 1279:1304 proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine 1265:1304 proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) 1265:1311 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 8 13 theme sustained 1356:1364 arg1 behaviour 1374:1382 sustained release behaviour 1356:1382 sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel 1356:1409 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 10 14 theme collagen 1788:1795 arg1 release 1726:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 10 14 theme collagen 1788:1795 arg1 ability 1752:1758 regeneration ability 1739:1758 regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen 1739:1795 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 6 15 theme hydrogel 993:1000 arg1 biocompatibility 947:962 biocompatibility 947:962 biocompatibility 947:962 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 6 15 theme hydrogel 993:1000 arg1 Non-cytotoxicity 926:941 Non-cytotoxicity 926:941 Non-cytotoxicity 926:941 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 7 16 theme regeneration 1190:1201 arg1 ability 1203:1209 tissue regeneration ability 1183:1209 tissue regeneration ability 1183:1209 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 10 17 theme matrix 1777:1782 arg1 release 1726:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 10 17 theme matrix 1777:1782 arg1 ability 1752:1758 regeneration ability 1739:1758 regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen 1739:1795 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 5 18 from terpolymer 825:834 arg1 medium 847:852 aqueous medium 839:852 aqueous medium 839:852 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 1 19 theme novel 168:172 arg1 hydrogel 187:194 a novel terpolymeric hydrogel 166:194 a novel terpolymeric hydrogel 166:194 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 20 theme free 323:326 arg1 polymerization 336:349 free radical polymerization 323:349 free radical polymerization for biomedical applications 323:377 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 0 21 theme biomedical 119:128 arg1 applications 130:141 biomedical applications 119:141 biomedical applications 119:141 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 8 22 dep In 1237:1238 arg1 vitro 1240:1244 vitro 1240:1244 vitro 1240:1244 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 5 23 theme gel 811:813 arg1 nature 815:820 The gel nature 807:820 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C 807:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 1 24 theme biomedical 355:364 arg1 applications 366:377 biomedical applications 355:377 biomedical applications 355:377 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 6 25 theme cells 1050:1054 arg1 proliferation 1064:1076 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 proliferation 1064:1076 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 2 26 theme sufficient 445:454 arg1 strength 460:467 sufficient gel strength 445:467 sufficient gel strength 445:467 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 0 27 theme polymerization 90:103 arg1 mechanism 105:113 free radical polymerization mechanism 77:113 free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications 77:141 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 28 theme poly 278:281 arg1 diacrylate 300:309 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 278:309 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) 278:317 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 28 theme poly 278:281 arg1 PEGDA 312:316 PEGDA 312:316 PEGDA 312:316 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 5 29 theme rheological 902:912 arg1 experiment 914:923 rheological experiment 902:923 rheological experiment 902:923 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 6 30 theme mouse 1031:1035 arg1 proliferation 1064:1076 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 proliferation 1064:1076 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 4 31 theme surface 724:730 arg1 morphology 732:741 surface morphology 724:741 surface morphology 724:741 The surface morphology and cross-section of the hydrogel was detected by SEM analysis. 29879635 0 32 theme hyaluronate-based 21:37 arg1 hydrogel 52:59 hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel 21:59 hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel 21:59 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 33 theme ethylene 283:290 arg1 poly 278:281 poly 278:281 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) 278:317 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 33 theme ethylene 283:290 arg1 glycol 292:297 ethylene glycol 283:297 ethylene glycol 283:297 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 6 34 theme in 1022:1023 arg1 proliferation 1064:1076 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 proliferation 1064:1076 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 4 35 theme SEM 793:795 arg1 analysis 797:804 SEM analysis 793:804 SEM analysis 793:804 The surface morphology and cross-section of the hydrogel was detected by SEM analysis. 29879635 2 36 theme swelling 403:410 arg1 ability 412:418 swelling ability 403:418 swelling ability 403:418 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 3 37 dep structure 584:592 arg1 The 580:582 The 580:582 The 580:582 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 0 38 theme hydrogel 52:59 arg1 Characterizations 0:16 Characterizations 0:16 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel 0:59 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 2 39 mod modified 497:504 arg3 methods 535:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 2 39 mod modified 497:504 arg1 hyaluronate 470:480 hyaluronate 470:480 hyaluronate 470:480 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 0 40 theme radical 82:88 arg1 mechanism 105:113 free radical polymerization mechanism 77:113 free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications 77:141 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 3 41 theme fabricated 618:627 arg1 terpolymer 629:638 the fabricated terpolymer 614:638 the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) 614:662 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 4 42 theme hydrogel 768:775 arg1 cross-section 747:759 cross-section 747:759 cross-section 747:759 The surface morphology and cross-section of the hydrogel was detected by SEM analysis. 29879635 4 42 theme hydrogel 768:775 arg1 morphology 732:741 surface morphology 724:741 surface morphology 724:741 The surface morphology and cross-section of the hydrogel was detected by SEM analysis. 29879635 10 43 theme biocompatible 1656:1668 arg1 gel 1692:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 10 44 theme biomedical 1819:1828 arg1 applications 1830:1841 biomedical applications 1819:1841 biomedical applications 1819:1841 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 8 45 theme different 1417:1425 arg1 pHs 1427:1429 different pHs 1417:1429 different pHs 1417:1429 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 0 46 theme free 77:80 arg1 mechanism 105:113 free radical polymerization mechanism 77:113 free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications 77:141 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 7 47 theme prepared 1218:1225 arg1 hydrogel 1227:1234 the prepared hydrogel 1214:1234 the prepared hydrogel 1214:1234 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 3 48 theme 1H 687:688 arg1 HR-MAS-NMR 690:699 1H HR-MAS-NMR 687:699 1H HR-MAS-NMR 687:699 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 6 49 theme MC3T3 1057:1061 arg1 proliferation 1064:1076 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 proliferation 1064:1076 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 10 50 theme sustained 1710:1718 arg1 release 1726:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 sustained drugs release 1710:1732 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 9 51 theme TCN 1502:1504 arg1 release 1506:1512 TCN release 1502:1512 TCN release 1502:1512 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 3 52 theme TGA 706:708 arg1 analyses 710:717 TGA analyses 706:717 TGA analyses 706:717 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 5 53 theme terpolymer 825:834 arg1 nature 815:820 The gel nature 807:820 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C 807:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 5 54 theme aqueous 839:845 arg1 medium 847:852 aqueous medium 839:852 aqueous medium 839:852 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 7 55 theme Y 1124:1124 arg1 stainings 1150:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings 1102:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings 1102:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 10 56 theme extracellular 1763:1775 arg1 matrix 1777:1782 extracellular matrix 1763:1782 extracellular matrix 1763:1782 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 3 57 dep terpolymer 629:638 arg1 -x-PEGDA 654:661 -x-PEGDA 654:661 -x-PEGDA 654:661 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 8 58 theme In 1237:1238 arg1 results 1254:1260 In vitro release results 1237:1260 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) 1237:1347 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 8 59 theme release 1246:1252 arg1 results 1254:1260 In vitro release results 1237:1260 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) 1237:1347 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 3 60 theme terpolymer 629:638 arg1 compositions 598:609 compositions 598:609 compositions 598:609 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 3 60 theme terpolymer 629:638 arg1 structure 584:592 structure 584:592 structure 584:592 The structure and compositions of the fabricated terpolymer (HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA) were verified by FTIR, 1H HR-MAS-NMR, and TGA analyses. 29879635 7 61 theme tissue 1183:1188 arg1 ability 1203:1209 tissue regeneration ability 1183:1209 tissue regeneration ability 1183:1209 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 5 62 from medium 847:852 arg1 nature 815:820 The gel nature 807:820 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C 807:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 6 63 theme -x-PEGDA 984:991 arg1 hydrogel 993:1000 the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel 967:1000 the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel 967:1000 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 8 64 theme drug-dimethyloxalylglycine 1279:1304 arg1 results 1254:1260 In vitro release results 1237:1260 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) 1237:1347 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 1 65 theme terpolymeric 174:185 arg1 hydrogel 187:194 a novel terpolymeric hydrogel 166:194 a novel terpolymeric hydrogel 166:194 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 66 theme radical 328:334 arg1 polymerization 336:349 free radical polymerization 323:349 free radical polymerization for biomedical applications 323:377 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 2 67 theme crosslinking 522:533 arg1 methods 535:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 9 68 theme first 1521:1525 arg1 kinetics 1533:1540 first order kinetics 1521:1540 first order kinetics 1521:1540 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 7 69 theme trichrome 1140:1148 arg1 stainings 1150:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings 1102:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings 1102:1158 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 5 70 from 37 °C 857:861 arg1 nature 815:820 The gel nature 807:820 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C 807:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 5 70 from 37 °C 857:861 arg1 terpolymer 825:834 terpolymer 825:834 terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C 825:861 The gel nature of terpolymer in aqueous medium at 37 °C was confirmed from swelling study, and rheological experiment. 29879635 9 71 theme order 1527:1531 arg1 kinetics 1533:1540 first order kinetics 1521:1540 first order kinetics 1521:1540 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 2 72 theme grafting 509:516 arg1 methods 535:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 grafting and crosslinking methods 509:541 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 8 73 theme antibiotics-tetracycline 1318:1341 arg1 results 1254:1260 In vitro release results 1237:1260 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) 1237:1347 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 6 74 theme osteoblastic 1037:1048 arg1 proliferation 1064:1076 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 proliferation 1064:1076 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 0 75 theme terpolymeric 39:50 arg1 hydrogel 52:59 hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel 21:59 hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel 21:59 Characterizations of hyaluronate-based terpolymeric hydrogel synthesized via free radical polymerization mechanism for biomedical applications. 29879635 2 76 theme porous 421:426 arg1 architecture 428:439 porous architecture 421:439 porous architecture 421:439 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 7 77 theme eosin 1118:1122 arg1 Y 1124:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y 1102:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y 1102:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 9 78 theme release 1554:1560 arg1 mechanism 1562:1570 the release mechanism 1550:1570 the release mechanism 1550:1570 The mathematical models fitted data imply that both DMOG and TCN release follow first order kinetics, while, the release mechanism is primarily controlled by diffusion as well as erosion process. 29879635 8 79 theme release 1366:1372 arg1 behaviour 1374:1382 sustained release behaviour 1356:1382 sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel 1356:1409 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 7 80 theme Hematoxylin 1102:1112 arg1 Y 1124:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y 1102:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y 1102:1124 Hematoxylin and eosin Y, and Masson's trichrome stainings were performed to show tissue regeneration ability on the prepared hydrogel. 29879635 2 81 theme gel 456:458 arg1 strength 460:467 sufficient gel strength 445:467 sufficient gel strength 445:467 To achieve elasticity, swelling ability, porous architecture and sufficient gel strength, hyaluronate was chemically modified by grafting and crosslinking methods using 2-HEA and PEGDA, respectively. 29879635 10 82 theme HA-g-p 1670:1675 arg1 gel 1692:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 6 83 theme viability 1083:1091 arg1 studies 1093:1099 in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies 1022:1099 studies 1093:1099 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 6 84 dep in 1022:1023 arg1 vitro 1025:1029 vitro 1025:1029 vitro 1025:1029 Non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA hydrogel were ascertained by in vitro mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3) proliferation, and viability studies. 29879635 8 85 theme prepared 1393:1400 arg1 hydrogel 1402:1409 the prepared hydrogel 1389:1409 the prepared hydrogel 1389:1409 In vitro release results of proangiogenic drug-dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), and antibiotics-tetracycline (TCN) showed sustained release behaviour from the prepared hydrogel under different pHs at 37 °C. 29879635 10 86 theme novel 1650:1654 arg1 gel 1692:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 29879635 1 87 theme 2-hydroxyethyl 241:254 arg1 acrylate 256:263 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate 241:263 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA) 241:271 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 1 87 theme 2-hydroxyethyl 241:254 arg1 2-HEA 266:270 2-HEA 266:270 2-HEA 266:270 In the present study, a novel terpolymeric hydrogel was developed using sodium hyaluronate (HA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via free radical polymerization for biomedical applications. 29879635 10 88 theme -x-PEGDA 1683:1690 arg1 gel 1692:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel 1646:1694 Finally, the novel biocompatible HA-g-p(2-HEA)-x-PEGDA gel, which showed sustained drugs release, and regeneration ability of extracellular matrix and collagen, could be employed in biomedical applications, especially, for the delivery of DMOG/TCN, and in tissue engineering. 31127114 3 0 theme 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 738:749 arg1 diameters 725:733 diameters 725:733 diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 725:749 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 4 1 theme blood 943:947 arg1 loss 949:952 blood loss 943:952 blood loss 943:952 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 0 2 theme nanofibrous 98:108 arg1 mats 110:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats 83:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan 83:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 1 3 theme diverse 183:189 arg1 range 191:195 a diverse range 181:195 a diverse range of emergency scenarios 181:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 5 4 theme mitigating 1194:1203 arg1 loss 1211:1214 mitigating blood loss 1194:1214 mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios 1194:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 1 5 theme increasing 262:271 arg1 interest 273:280 an increasing interest 259:280 an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures 259:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 0 6 theme chitosan 118:125 arg1 chitosan 118:125 chitosan 118:125 chitosan 118:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 6 theme chitosan 118:125 arg1 mats 110:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats 83:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan 83:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 6 theme chitosan 118:125 arg1 composites 43:52 composites 43:52 composites of sacrificial templates 43:77 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 6 theme chitosan 118:125 arg1 templates 69:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 1 7 theme injury 349:354 arg1 site 356:359 the injury site 345:359 the injury site 345:359 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 4 8 theme lower 926:930 arg1 amounts 932:938 significantly lower amounts 912:938 significantly lower amounts of blood loss 912:952 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 8 theme lower 926:930 arg1 loss 949:952 blood loss 943:952 blood loss 943:952 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 9 theme chitosan-loaded 857:871 arg1 hydrogels 896:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 5 10 theme physiologically-benign 1159:1180 arg1 approach 1182:1189 a physiologically-benign approach 1157:1189 a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios 1157:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 5 10 theme physiologically-benign 1159:1180 arg1 efficiency 1142:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 2 11 theme macroporous 511:521 arg1 carriers 523:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 11 theme macroporous 511:521 arg1 hydrogels 480:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 3 12 from increase 773:780 arg1 area 797:800 the surface area 785:800 the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency 785:845 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 2 13 theme sacrificial 499:509 arg1 carriers 523:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 13 theme sacrificial 499:509 arg1 hydrogels 480:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 4 14 theme cyclodextrin 873:884 arg1 hydrogels 896:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 3 15 contain containing 681:690 arg1 mats 675:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 3 15 contain containing 681:690 arg2 nanofibers 709:718 highly entangled nanofibers 692:718 highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 692:749 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 0 16 theme hemostatic 11:20 arg1 hydrogels 22:30 hemostatic hydrogels 11:30 hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan 11:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 4 17 theme hemostatic 1034:1043 arg1 dressings 1045:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 18 theme absorbable 1023:1032 arg1 dressings 1045:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 3 19 with nanofibers 709:718 arg1 diameters 725:733 diameters 725:733 diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 725:749 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 1 20 theme emergency 200:208 arg1 scenarios 210:218 emergency scenarios 200:218 emergency scenarios 200:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 4 21 theme CDPE-Cs 887:893 arg1 hydrogels 896:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels 857:904 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 3 22 theme entangled 699:707 arg1 nanofibers 709:718 highly entangled nanofibers 692:718 highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 692:749 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 1 23 theme scenarios 210:218 arg1 range 191:195 a diverse range 181:195 a diverse range of emergency scenarios 181:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 1 24 from site 356:359 arg1 left 337:340 left 337:340 left 337:340 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 3 25 theme surface 789:795 arg1 area 797:800 the surface area 785:800 the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency 785:845 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 1 26 from interest 273:280 arg1 development 289:299 the development 285:299 the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures 285:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 5 27 theme designed 1090:1097 arg1 hydrogels 1099:1107 The designed hydrogels 1086:1107 The designed hydrogels 1086:1107 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 2 28 theme degradation 544:554 arg1 capable 533:539 capable 533:539 capable 533:539 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 3 29 theme mats 675:678 arg1 assembly 618:625 the assembly 614:625 the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm 614:749 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 2 30 theme polyester 463:471 arg1 carriers 523:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 30 theme polyester 463:471 arg1 hydrogels 480:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 31 theme CDPE 474:477 arg1 carriers 523:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 31 theme CDPE 474:477 arg1 hydrogels 480:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 1 32 theme absorbable 304:313 arg1 dressings 315:323 absorbable dressings 304:323 absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures 304:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 1 33 theme critical 225:232 arg1 development 132:142 The development 128:142 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios 128:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 1 33 theme critical 225:232 arg1 initiative 234:243 a critical initiative 223:243 a critical initiative 223:243 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 1 34 theme dressings 315:323 arg1 development 289:299 the development 285:299 the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures 285:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 3 35 theme honeycomb-like 649:662 arg1 mats 675:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 2 36 theme current 433:439 arg1 study 441:445 the current study 429:445 the current study 429:445 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 0 37 theme templates 69:77 arg1 chitosan 118:125 chitosan 118:125 chitosan 118:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 37 theme templates 69:77 arg1 mats 110:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats 83:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan 83:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 37 theme templates 69:77 arg1 composites 43:52 composites 43:52 composites of sacrificial templates 43:77 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 0 37 theme templates 69:77 arg1 templates 69:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 3 38 theme chitosan 805:812 arg1 area 797:800 the surface area 785:800 the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency 785:845 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 3 39 theme monolithic 664:673 arg1 mats 675:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 3 40 theme CDPE 592:595 arg1 template 597:604 The CDPE template 588:604 The CDPE template 588:604 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 0 41 theme sacrificial 57:67 arg1 templates 69:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 sacrificial templates 57:77 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 4 42 theme shorter 958:964 arg1 times 966:970 shorter times 958:970 shorter times to hemostasis 958:984 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 1 43 theme interventional 399:412 arg1 procedures 414:423 interventional procedures 399:423 interventional procedures 399:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 4 44 theme available 1013:1021 arg1 dressings 1045:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings 1000:1053 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 45 theme loss 949:952 arg1 amounts 932:938 significantly lower amounts 912:938 significantly lower amounts of blood loss 912:952 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 45 theme loss 949:952 arg1 loss 949:952 blood loss 943:952 blood loss 943:952 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 4 45 theme loss 949:952 arg1 times 966:970 shorter times 958:970 shorter times to hemostasis 958:984 In vivo, chitosan-loaded cyclodextrin (CDPE-Cs) hydrogels yield significantly lower amounts of blood loss and shorter times to hemostasis compared with commercially available absorbable hemostatic dressings, and are highly biocompatible. 31127114 1 46 theme procedures 414:423 arg1 duration 387:394 the duration 383:394 the duration of interventional procedures 383:423 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 3 47 theme imprinted 630:638 arg1 mats 675:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 1 48 theme hemostatic 147:156 arg1 technologies 158:169 hemostatic technologies 147:169 hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios 147:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 2 49 theme physiological 562:574 arg1 conditions 576:585 physiological conditions 562:585 physiological conditions 562:585 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 5 50 theme promising 1121:1129 arg1 approach 1182:1189 a physiologically-benign approach 1157:1189 a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios 1157:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 5 50 theme promising 1121:1129 arg1 efficiency 1142:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 3 51 theme chitosan 640:647 arg1 mats 675:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats 630:678 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 31127114 1 52 theme technologies 158:169 arg1 development 132:142 The development 128:142 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios 128:218 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 1 52 theme technologies 158:169 arg1 initiative 234:243 a critical initiative 223:243 a critical initiative 223:243 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 2 53 theme β-cyclodextrin 448:461 arg1 carriers 523:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 sacrificial macroporous carriers 499:530 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 2 53 theme β-cyclodextrin 448:461 arg1 hydrogels 480:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels 448:488 In the current study, β-cyclodextrin polyester (CDPE) hydrogels serve as sacrificial macroporous carriers, capable of degradation under physiological conditions. 31127114 0 54 theme honeycomb-like 83:96 arg1 mats 110:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats 83:113 honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan 83:125 Absorbable hemostatic hydrogels comprising composites of sacrificial templates and honeycomb-like nanofibrous mats of chitosan. 31127114 5 55 theme hemostatic 1131:1140 arg1 approach 1182:1189 a physiologically-benign approach 1157:1189 a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios 1157:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 5 55 theme hemostatic 1131:1140 arg1 efficiency 1142:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 promising hemostatic efficiency 1121:1151 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 5 56 theme tissue-injury 1219:1231 arg1 scenarios 1233:1241 tissue-injury scenarios 1219:1241 tissue-injury scenarios 1219:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 5 57 from loss 1211:1214 arg1 scenarios 1233:1241 tissue-injury scenarios 1219:1241 tissue-injury scenarios 1219:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 1 58 from left 337:340 arg1 site 356:359 the injury site 345:359 the injury site 345:359 The development of hemostatic technologies that suit a diverse range of emergency scenarios is a critical initiative, and there is an increasing interest in the development of absorbable dressings that can be left in the injury site and degrade to reduce the duration of interventional procedures. 31127114 5 59 theme blood 1205:1209 arg1 loss 1211:1214 mitigating blood loss 1194:1214 mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios 1194:1241 The designed hydrogels demonstrate promising hemostatic efficiency, as a physiologically-benign approach to mitigating blood loss in tissue-injury scenarios. 31127114 3 60 theme hemostatic 825:834 arg1 efficiency 836:845 hemostatic efficiency 825:845 hemostatic efficiency 825:845 The CDPE template enables the assembly of imprinted chitosan honeycomb-like monolithic mats, containing highly entangled nanofibers with diameters of 9.2 ± 3.7 nm, thereby achieving an increase in the surface area of chitosan to improve hemostatic efficiency. 29775296 8 0 from change 1286:1291 arg1 fluorescence 1296:1307 fluorescence 1296:1307 fluorescence 1296:1307 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 1 theme complex 1159:1165 arg1 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 1 theme complex 1159:1165 arg1 NO3 1178:1180 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] 1151:1183 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery 1151:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 6 2 theme silver 932:937 arg1 cation 939:944 silver cation 932:944 silver cation (Ag+) 932:950 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 6 2 theme silver 932:937 arg1 Ag+ 947:949 Ag+ 947:949 Ag+ 947:949 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 0 3 theme Tissue 171:176 arg1 Model 188:192 a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 155:192 Model 188:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 1 4 theme soft 258:261 arg1 tissues 263:269 underlying soft tissues 247:269 underlying soft tissues 247:269 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 8 5 theme DSX 1189:1191 arg1 N 1214:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 7 6 theme infected 1102:1109 arg1 sites 1117:1121 infected wound sites 1102:1121 infected wound sites 1102:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 10 7 theme 1-agar 1506:1511 arg1 composite 1513:1521 The complex 1-agar composite 1494:1521 The complex 1-agar composite 1494:1521 The complex 1-agar composite proved effective at eradicating the pathogens responsible for the majority of SSTIs. 29775296 7 8 theme Ag+ 1093:1095 arg1 delivery 1081:1088 the delivery 1077:1088 the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites 1077:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 5 9 theme infections 868:877 arg1 treatment 840:848 treatment 840:848 treatment 840:848 Silver is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment and prevention of infections since ancient times. 29775296 5 9 theme infections 868:877 arg1 prevention 854:863 prevention 854:863 prevention 854:863 Silver is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment and prevention of infections since ancient times. 29775296 8 10 theme dimethylamino 1198:1210 arg1 N 1214:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 11 11 theme attractive 1753:1762 arg1 vehicle 1780:1786 an attractive silver-delivery vehicle 1750:1786 an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs 1750:1828 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 3 12 theme tissue 643:648 arg1 SSTIs 662:666 SSTIs 662:666 SSTIs 662:666 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 3 12 theme tissue 643:648 arg1 infections 650:659 soft tissue infections 638:659 soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 638:667 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 7 13 theme novel 1038:1042 arg1 composite 1063:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite 1036:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites 1036:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 5 14 theme ancient 885:891 arg1 times 893:897 ancient times 885:897 ancient times 885:897 Silver is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment and prevention of infections since ancient times. 29775296 8 15 theme silver 1371:1376 arg1 delivery 1378:1385 silver delivery 1371:1385 silver delivery 1371:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 16 theme Pathogens 142:150 arg1 Eradication 120:130 the Eradication 116:130 the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 116:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 4 17 theme agents 754:759 arg1 delivery 736:743 the delivery 732:743 the delivery of these agents 732:759 Therefore, the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents is of paramount importance. 29775296 7 18 theme hydrogel 1054:1061 arg1 composite 1063:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite 1036:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites 1036:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 4 19 theme materials 718:726 arg1 development 685:695 the development 681:695 the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents 681:759 Therefore, the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents is of paramount importance. 29775296 0 20 theme Silver 54:59 arg1 Complex 61:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 1 21 theme infections 306:315 arg1 types 297:301 the most common types 281:301 the most common types of infections 281:315 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 11 22 theme application 1706:1716 arg1 softness 1688:1695 softness 1688:1695 softness 1688:1695 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 11 22 theme application 1706:1716 arg1 stability 1677:1685 its stability 1673:1685 its stability 1673:1685 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 11 22 theme application 1706:1716 arg1 removal 1723:1729 removal 1723:1729 removal 1723:1729 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 11 22 theme application 1706:1716 arg1 ease 1698:1701 ease 1698:1701 ease of application 1698:1716 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 9 23 theme bacterial 1458:1466 arg1 strains 1468:1474 several bacterial strains 1450:1474 several bacterial strains in an SSTI model 1450:1491 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 9 24 from strains 1468:1474 arg1 model 1487:1491 an SSTI model 1479:1491 an SSTI model 1479:1491 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 0 25 theme Agar 88:91 arg1 Composite 102:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite 74:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 74:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 6 26 theme challenging 1006:1016 arg1 materials 990:998 delivery materials 981:998 delivery materials quite challenging 981:1016 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 1 27 theme hospital 353:360 arg1 settings 362:369 hospital settings 353:369 hospital settings 353:369 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 9 28 theme SSTI 1482:1485 arg1 model 1487:1491 an SSTI model 1479:1491 an SSTI model 1479:1491 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 2 29 theme Systemic 372:379 arg1 chemotherapies 392:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies 372:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies 372:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 1 30 theme tissues 263:269 arg1 colonization 218:229 colonization 218:229 colonization 218:229 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 1 30 theme tissues 263:269 arg1 invasion 205:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 2 31 theme multidrug-resistant 486:504 arg1 strains 530:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 8 32 theme Ag+ 1314:1316 arg1 release 1318:1324 Ag+ release 1314:1324 Ag+ release 1314:1324 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 10 33 theme SSTIs 1601:1605 arg1 majority 1589:1596 the majority 1585:1596 the majority of SSTIs 1585:1605 The complex 1-agar composite proved effective at eradicating the pathogens responsible for the majority of SSTIs. 29775296 2 34 theme Gram-positive 468:480 arg1 strains 530:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 0 35 theme " 40:40 arg1 Complex 61:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 11 36 dep theranostic 1612:1622 arg1 therapeutic/diagnostic 1625:1646 therapeutic/diagnostic 1625:1646 therapeutic/diagnostic 1625:1646 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 4 37 theme effective 708:716 arg1 materials 718:726 new and effective materials 700:726 new and effective materials 700:726 Therefore, the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents is of paramount importance. 29775296 8 38 theme end 1358:1360 arg1 point 1362:1366 the end point 1354:1366 the end point of silver delivery 1354:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 39 theme Soft 166:169 arg1 Model 188:192 a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 155:192 Model 188:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 3 40 theme Topical 539:545 arg1 administration 547:560 Topical administration 539:560 Topical administration of antimicrobials 539:578 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 1 41 theme skin 238:241 arg1 colonization 218:229 colonization 218:229 colonization 218:229 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 1 41 theme skin 238:241 arg1 invasion 205:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 6 42 theme cation 939:944 arg1 reactivity 918:927 the high reactivity 909:927 the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) 909:950 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 10 43 theme complex 1498:1504 arg1 composite 1513:1521 The complex 1-agar composite 1494:1521 The complex 1-agar composite 1494:1521 The complex 1-agar composite proved effective at eradicating the pathogens responsible for the majority of SSTIs. 29775296 0 44 theme Infection 178:186 arg1 Model 188:192 a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 155:192 Model 188:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 3 45 theme effective 592:600 arg1 route 602:606 an effective route 589:606 an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 589:667 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 1 46 theme underlying 247:256 arg1 tissues 263:269 underlying soft tissues 247:269 underlying soft tissues 247:269 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 5 47 dep treatment 840:848 arg1 the 836:838 the 836:838 the 836:838 Silver is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment and prevention of infections since ancient times. 29775296 7 48 theme wound 1111:1115 arg1 sites 1117:1121 infected wound sites 1102:1121 infected wound sites 1102:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 8 49 theme [Ag2 1167:1170 arg1 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 49 theme [Ag2 1167:1170 arg1 NO3 1178:1180 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] 1151:1183 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery 1151:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 6 50 theme high 913:916 arg1 reactivity 918:927 the high reactivity 909:927 the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) 909:950 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 8 51 theme DSX 1172:1174 arg1 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 51 theme DSX 1172:1174 arg1 NO3 1178:1180 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] 1151:1183 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery 1151:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 4 52 theme new 700:702 arg1 materials 718:726 new and effective materials 700:726 new and effective materials 700:726 Therefore, the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents is of paramount importance. 29775296 6 53 theme delivery 981:988 arg1 materials 990:998 delivery materials 981:998 delivery materials quite challenging 981:1016 However, the high reactivity of silver cation (Ag+) makes its incorporation into delivery materials quite challenging. 29775296 8 54 theme = 1193:1193 arg1 N 1214:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 55 theme ESKAPE 135:140 arg1 Pathogens 142:150 ESKAPE Pathogens 135:150 ESKAPE Pathogens 135:150 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 3 56 theme soft 638:641 arg1 SSTIs 662:666 SSTIs 662:666 SSTIs 662:666 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 3 56 theme soft 638:641 arg1 infections 650:659 soft tissue infections 638:659 soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 638:667 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 9 57 theme antibacterial 1392:1404 arg1 efficacy 1406:1413 The antibacterial efficacy 1388:1413 The antibacterial efficacy of the material 1388:1429 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 8 58 theme delivery 1378:1385 arg1 point 1362:1366 the end point 1354:1366 the end point of silver delivery 1354:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 11 59 theme silver-delivery 1764:1778 arg1 vehicle 1780:1786 an attractive silver-delivery vehicle 1750:1786 an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs 1750:1828 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 3 60 theme skin 629:632 arg1 treatment 616:624 the treatment 612:624 the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 612:667 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 7 61 theme soft 1044:1047 arg1 composite 1063:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite 1036:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites 1036:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 7 62 theme agar 1049:1052 arg1 composite 1063:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite 1036:1071 a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites 1036:1121 Herein we report a novel soft agar hydrogel composite for the delivery of Ag+ into infected wound sites. 29775296 9 63 theme material 1422:1429 arg1 efficacy 1406:1413 The antibacterial efficacy 1388:1413 The antibacterial efficacy of the material 1388:1429 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 0 64 theme Complex 61:67 arg1 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation 0:12 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 0:193 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 3 65 theme infections 650:659 arg1 treatment 616:624 the treatment 612:624 the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 612:667 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 2 66 theme strains 530:536 arg1 emergence 440:448 emergence 440:448 emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 440:536 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 8 67 theme N-bis 1217:1221 arg1 naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1243:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 68 theme Biocompatible 74:86 arg1 Composite 102:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite 74:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 74:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 2 69 dep Gram-positive 468:480 arg1 Gram-negative 506:518 Gram-negative 506:518 Gram-negative 506:518 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 2 69 dep Gram-positive 468:480 arg1 bacterial 520:528 bacterial 520:528 bacterial 520:528 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 9 70 theme several 1450:1456 arg1 strains 1468:1474 several bacterial strains 1450:1474 several bacterial strains in an SSTI model 1450:1491 The antibacterial efficacy of the material was tested against several bacterial strains in an SSTI model. 29775296 8 71 theme pyridin-2-ylmethyl 1223:1240 arg1 naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1243:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 72 theme Hydrogel 93:100 arg1 Composite 102:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite 74:110 Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 74:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 2 73 theme antibiotic 381:390 arg1 chemotherapies 392:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies 372:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies 372:405 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 10 74 theme responsible 1569:1579 arg1 pathogens 1559:1567 the pathogens 1555:1567 the pathogens responsible for the majority of SSTIs 1555:1605 The complex 1-agar composite proved effective at eradicating the pathogens responsible for the majority of SSTIs. 29775296 0 75 theme Theranostic 19:29 arg1 Complex 61:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 8 76 dep 1 1186:1186 arg1 N 1214:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N 1189:1214 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 76 dep 1 1186:1186 arg1 naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1243:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide 1217:1267 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 4 77 theme paramount 767:775 arg1 importance 777:786 paramount importance 767:786 paramount importance 767:786 Therefore, the development of new and effective materials for the delivery of these agents is of paramount importance. 29775296 0 78 theme Two-Tone 32:39 arg1 Complex 61:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 1 79 theme Microbial 195:203 arg1 invasion 205:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion 195:212 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 11 80 theme theranostic 1612:1622 arg1 properties 1649:1658 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties 1608:1658 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal 1608:1729 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 0 81 theme Luminescent 42:52 arg1 Complex 61:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex 17:67 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 1 82 theme common 290:295 arg1 types 297:301 the most common types 281:301 the most common types of infections 281:315 Microbial invasion and colonization of the skin and underlying soft tissues are among the most common types of infections, becoming increasingly prevalent in hospital settings. 29775296 2 83 theme drug-resistant 453:466 arg1 strains 530:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains 453:536 Systemic antibiotic chemotherapies are now extremely limited due to emergence of drug-resistant Gram-positive and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. 29775296 11 84 dep treatment 1796:1804 arg1 the 1792:1794 the 1792:1794 the 1792:1794 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 3 85 theme antimicrobials 565:578 arg1 administration 547:560 Topical administration 539:560 Topical administration of antimicrobials 539:578 Topical administration of antimicrobials provides an effective route for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). 29775296 8 86 theme Ag 1153:1154 arg1 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 1 1186:1186 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 8 86 theme Ag 1153:1154 arg1 NO3 1178:1180 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] 1151:1183 a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery 1151:1385 This material incorporates a Ag(I) complex [Ag2(DSX)2(NO3)2] (1; DSX = 5-(dimethylamino)- N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) that exhibits a change in fluorescence upon Ag+ release and qualitatively indicates the end point of silver delivery. 29775296 0 87 from Eradication 120:130 arg1 Model 188:192 a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 155:192 Model 188:192 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 0 87 from Eradication 120:130 arg1 Skin 157:160 a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model 155:192 Skin 157:160 Incorporation of a Theranostic "Two-Tone" Luminescent Silver Complex into Biocompatible Agar Hydrogel Composite for the Eradication of ESKAPE Pathogens in a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Model. 29775296 11 88 theme SSTIs 1824:1828 arg1 prevention 1810:1819 prevention 1810:1819 prevention 1810:1819 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29775296 11 88 theme SSTIs 1824:1828 arg1 treatment 1796:1804 treatment 1796:1804 treatment 1796:1804 The theranostic (therapeutic/diagnostic) properties coupled with its stability, softness, ease of application, and removal make this material an attractive silver-delivery vehicle for the treatment and prevention of SSTIs. 29442969 2 0 dep order 542:546 arg1 increase 551:558 increase 551:558 to increase its wettability 548:574 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 4 1 theme water 932:936 arg1 vapor 938:942 water vapor 932:942 water vapor 932:942 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 1 theme water 932:936 arg1 measurements 890:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 2 2 theme 42.75 669:673 arg1 value 645:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 2 theme 42.75 669:673 arg1 0.80° 677:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 4 3 theme wettability 996:1006 arg1 WVTRs 1042:1046 WVTRs 1042:1046 WVTRs 1042:1046 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 3 theme wettability 996:1006 arg1 values 1008:1013 wettability values 996:1013 wettability values 996:1013 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 3 theme wettability 996:1006 arg1 properties 1027:1036 mechanical properties 1016:1036 mechanical properties 1016:1036 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 1 4 theme % 217:217 arg1 chitosan 225:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 4 theme % 217:217 arg1 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 4 theme % 217:217 arg1 % 201:201 0.8% 198:201 0.8% (w/w) of KS 198:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 5 theme wound 386:390 arg1 dressing 392:399 wound dressing 386:399 wound dressing 386:399 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 7 6 theme plasma-treated 1426:1439 arg1 films 1450:1454 plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films 1426:1454 plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films 1426:1454 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 4 7 theme mechanical 1016:1025 arg1 values 1008:1013 wettability values 996:1013 wettability values 996:1013 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 7 theme mechanical 1016:1025 arg1 properties 1027:1036 mechanical properties 1016:1036 mechanical properties 1016:1036 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 5 8 theme 0.214 1140:1144 arg1 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 2 9 theme surface 484:490 arg1 treatment 492:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 10 theme electrospinning 277:291 arg1 technique 293:301 electrospinning technique 277:301 electrospinning technique 277:301 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 2 11 theme plasma 477:482 arg1 treatment 492:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 6 12 theme antibacterial 1180:1192 arg1 performance 1194:1204 The desired antibacterial performance 1168:1204 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples 1168:1219 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 3 13 theme samples 853:859 arg1 changes 814:820 the morphological changes 796:820 the morphological changes 796:820 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 3 13 theme samples 853:859 arg1 properties 835:844 chemical properties 826:844 chemical properties of the samples, respectively 826:873 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 4 14 theme rate 957:960 arg1 analyses 962:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 2 15 theme pressure 468:475 arg1 treatment 492:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 16 theme adhesion 595:602 arg1 capacity 604:611 the adhesion capacity 591:611 the adhesion capacity of the films 591:624 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 17 theme tissue 402:407 arg1 engineering 409:419 tissue engineering 402:419 tissue engineering 402:419 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 7 18 theme inhibition 1352:1361 arg1 % 1386:1386 64% 1384:1386 64% for S. aureus 1384:1400 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 7 18 theme inhibition 1352:1361 arg1 ratios 1363:1368 The highest inhibition ratios 1340:1368 The highest inhibition ratios 1340:1368 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 7 18 theme inhibition 1352:1361 arg1 % 1408:1408 92% 1406:1408 92% for E. coli 1406:1420 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 6 19 theme samples 1213:1219 arg1 performance 1194:1204 The desired antibacterial performance 1168:1204 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples 1168:1219 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 2 20 theme Atmospheric 456:466 arg1 treatment 492:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment 456:500 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 21 from films 533:537 arg1 order 542:546 order 542:546 order to increase its wettability 542:574 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 22 theme CA 642:643 arg1 value 645:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 22 theme CA 642:643 arg1 0.80° 677:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 23 theme novel 313:317 arg1 materials 343:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 2 24 theme optimum 634:640 arg1 value 645:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 24 theme optimum 634:640 arg1 0.80° 677:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 25 dep sorbate 184:190 arg1 chitosan 225:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 25 dep sorbate 184:190 arg1 w/w 204:206 w/w 204:206 w/w 204:206 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 25 dep sorbate 184:190 arg1 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 25 dep sorbate 184:190 arg1 % 201:201 0.8% 198:201 0.8% (w/w) of KS 198:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 5 26 dep increased 1076:1084 arg1 % 1164:1164 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659% 1131:1164 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659% 1131:1164 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 3 27 theme Microscope 702:711 arg1 analyses 762:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses 684:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses 684:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 1 28 theme drug 422:425 arg1 delivery 427:434 drug delivery 422:434 drug delivery 422:434 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 6 29 theme desired 1172:1178 arg1 performance 1194:1204 The desired antibacterial performance 1168:1204 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples 1168:1219 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 0 30 theme Composite 29:37 arg1 Materials 81:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 7 31 theme highest 1344:1350 arg1 % 1386:1386 64% 1384:1386 64% for S. aureus 1384:1400 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 7 31 theme highest 1344:1350 arg1 ratios 1363:1368 The highest inhibition ratios 1340:1368 The highest inhibition ratios 1340:1368 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 7 31 theme highest 1344:1350 arg1 % 1408:1408 92% 1406:1408 92% for E. coli 1406:1420 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 4 32 dep testing 912:918 arg1 analyses 962:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 33 theme transmission 944:955 arg1 analyses 962:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 transmission rate analyses 944:969 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 1 34 theme natural 109:115 arg1 substance 131:139 a natural antibacterial substance 107:139 a natural antibacterial substance chitosan 107:148 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 2 35 theme films 620:624 arg1 capacity 604:611 the adhesion capacity 591:611 the adhesion capacity of the films 591:624 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 0 36 theme Antibacterial 15:27 arg1 Materials 81:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 3 37 theme Scanning 684:691 arg1 Microscope 702:711 Scanning Electron Microscope 684:711 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 684:717 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 3 37 theme Scanning 684:691 arg1 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 1 38 theme antibacterial 319:331 arg1 materials 343:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 39 theme antibacterial 117:129 arg1 substance 131:139 a natural antibacterial substance 107:139 a natural antibacterial substance chitosan 107:148 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 0 40 theme Chitosan-Coated 51:65 arg1 Materials 81:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 3 41 theme Electron 693:700 arg1 Microscope 702:711 Scanning Electron Microscope 684:711 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 684:717 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 3 41 theme Electron 693:700 arg1 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 SEM 714:716 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 4 42 theme angle 884:888 arg1 oxygen 921:926 oxygen 921:926 oxygen 921:926 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 42 theme angle 884:888 arg1 measurements 890:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 42 theme angle 884:888 arg1 testing 912:918 tensile testing 904:918 tensile testing 904:918 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 42 theme angle 884:888 arg1 vapor 938:942 water vapor 932:942 water vapor 932:942 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 1 43 theme composite 333:341 arg1 materials 343:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 novel antibacterial composite materials 313:351 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 0 44 theme Electrospun 39:49 arg1 Materials 81:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 1 45 theme polypropylene 244:256 arg1 film 263:266 the polypropylene (PP) film 240:266 the polypropylene (PP) film 240:266 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 4 46 theme Contact 876:882 arg1 oxygen 921:926 oxygen 921:926 oxygen 921:926 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 46 theme Contact 876:882 arg1 measurements 890:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 46 theme Contact 876:882 arg1 testing 912:918 tensile testing 904:918 tensile testing 904:918 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 46 theme Contact 876:882 arg1 vapor 938:942 water vapor 932:942 water vapor 932:942 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 5 47 theme 0.659 1159:1163 arg1 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 5 48 theme 14.264 1131:1136 arg1 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 4 49 theme tensile 904:910 arg1 measurements 890:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements 876:901 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 4 49 theme tensile 904:910 arg1 testing 912:918 tensile testing 904:918 tensile testing 904:918 Contact angle measurements, tensile testing, oxygen and water vapor transmission rate analyses were performed to obtain wettability values, mechanical properties and WVTRs, respectively. 29442969 0 50 theme Materials 81:89 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 0:90 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 3 51 theme X-ray 723:727 arg1 XPS 757:759 XPS 757:759 XPS 757:759 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 3 51 theme X-ray 723:727 arg1 Spectroscopy 743:754 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 723:754 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) 723:760 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 6 52 theme ratio 1296:1300 arg1 calculation 1302:1312 inhibition ratio calculation 1285:1312 inhibition ratio calculation 1285:1312 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 5 53 dep ± 1157:1157 arg1 % 1145:1145 % 1145:1145 % 1145:1145 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 5 53 dep ± 1157:1157 arg1 to 1147:1148 to 1147:1148 to 1147:1148 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 1 54 theme food 440:443 arg1 packaging 445:453 food packaging 440:453 food packaging 440:453 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 55 theme substance 131:139 arg1 chitosan 141:148 a natural antibacterial substance chitosan 107:148 a natural antibacterial substance chitosan 107:148 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 0 56 theme Polypropylene 67:79 arg1 Materials 81:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials 15:89 Development of Antibacterial Composite Electrospun Chitosan-Coated Polypropylene Materials. 29442969 1 57 theme PP 259:260 arg1 film 263:266 the polypropylene (PP) film 240:266 the polypropylene (PP) film 240:266 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 58 theme various 357:363 arg1 packaging 445:453 food packaging 440:453 food packaging 440:453 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 58 theme various 357:363 arg1 applications 365:376 various applications 357:376 various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging 357:453 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 58 theme various 357:363 arg1 dressing 392:399 wound dressing 386:399 wound dressing 386:399 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 58 theme various 357:363 arg1 engineering 409:419 tissue engineering 402:419 tissue engineering 402:419 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 58 theme various 357:363 arg1 delivery 427:434 drug delivery 422:434 drug delivery 422:434 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 7 59 theme CS-KS-PP 1441:1448 arg1 films 1450:1454 plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films 1426:1454 plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films 1426:1454 The highest inhibition ratios were found as 64% for S. aureus and 92% for E. coli for plasma-treated CS-KS-PP films. 29442969 3 60 theme morphological 800:812 arg1 changes 814:820 the morphological changes 796:820 the morphological changes 796:820 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 5 61 theme 21.020 1150:1155 arg1 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 2 62 theme polypropylene 519:531 arg1 films 533:537 polypropylene films 519:537 polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability 519:574 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 63 dep % 217:217 arg1 w/v 220:222 w/v 220:222 w/v 220:222 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 5 64 theme ± 1138:1138 arg1 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 ± 1157:1157 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 6 65 theme inhibition 1285:1294 arg1 calculation 1302:1312 inhibition ratio calculation 1285:1312 inhibition ratio calculation 1285:1312 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 1 66 theme KS 212:213 arg1 chitosan 225:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 8% (w/v) chitosan 216:232 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 66 theme KS 212:213 arg1 w/w 204:206 w/w 204:206 w/w 204:206 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 66 theme KS 212:213 arg1 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 KS 212:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 66 theme KS 212:213 arg1 % 201:201 0.8% 198:201 0.8% (w/w) of KS 198:213 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 6 67 theme diffusion 1323:1331 arg1 assay 1333:1337 disc diffusion assay 1318:1337 disc diffusion assay 1318:1337 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 5 68 theme plasma 1089:1094 arg1 treatment 1096:1104 plasma treatment 1089:1104 plasma treatment 1089:1104 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 1 69 theme with/without 161:172 arg1 KS 193:194 KS 193:194 KS 193:194 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 69 theme with/without 161:172 arg1 sorbate 184:190 with/without potassium sorbate 161:190 with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) 161:233 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 5 70 theme KS 1122:1123 arg1 addition 1110:1117 addition 1110:1117 addition of KS 1110:1123 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 5 70 theme KS 1122:1123 arg1 treatment 1096:1104 plasma treatment 1089:1104 plasma treatment 1089:1104 The WVTR was increased by plasma treatment and addition of KS (from 14.264 ± 0.214% to 21.020 ± 0.659%). 29442969 3 71 theme Photoelectron 729:741 arg1 XPS 757:759 XPS 757:759 XPS 757:759 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 3 71 theme Photoelectron 729:741 arg1 Spectroscopy 743:754 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 723:754 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) 723:760 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 6 72 theme disc 1318:1321 arg1 assay 1333:1337 disc diffusion assay 1318:1337 disc diffusion assay 1318:1337 The desired antibacterial performance of the samples was assessed with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by inhibition ratio calculation and disc diffusion assay. 29442969 3 73 theme Spectroscopy 743:754 arg1 analyses 762:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses 684:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses 684:769 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 2 74 theme ± 675:675 arg1 value 645:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 the optimum CA value 630:649 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 2 74 theme ± 675:675 arg1 0.80° 677:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 42.75 ± 0.80° 669:681 Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment was applied onto polypropylene films in order to increase its wettability thus enhancing the adhesion capacity of the films and the optimum CA value was determined as 42.75 ± 0.80°. 29442969 1 75 theme potassium 174:182 arg1 KS 193:194 KS 193:194 KS 193:194 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 1 75 theme potassium 174:182 arg1 sorbate 184:190 with/without potassium sorbate 161:190 with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) 161:233 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 29442969 3 76 theme chemical 826:833 arg1 properties 835:844 chemical properties 826:844 chemical properties of the samples, respectively 826:873 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were realized to observe the morphological changes and chemical properties of the samples, respectively. 29442969 1 77 theme 8 216:216 arg1 % 217:217 % 217:217 % 217:217 In this study, a natural antibacterial substance chitosan was coated with/without potassium sorbate (KS) (0.8% (w/w) of KS, 8% (w/v) chitosan) onto the polypropylene (PP) film by using electrospinning technique to obtain novel antibacterial composite materials for various applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery and food packaging. 30758729 4 0 theme untreated 843:851 arg1 1.8 µm 872:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 0 theme untreated 843:851 arg1 control 853:859 untreated control 843:859 untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm) 843:878 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 1 theme metal 612:616 arg1 stress 618:623 metal stress 612:623 metal stress 612:623 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 14 2 theme Similar 2001:2007 arg1 vibrations 2020:2029 Similar stretching vibrations 2001:2029 Similar stretching vibrations 2001:2029 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 19 3 theme heavy 2797:2801 arg1 metals 2803:2808 heavy metals 2797:2808 heavy metals 2797:2808 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 13 4 theme groups 1945:1950 arg1 bond 1928:1931 O-H bond 1924:1931 O-H bond of hydroxyl groups 1924:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 13 4 theme groups 1945:1950 arg1 bond 1903:1906 N-H bond 1899:1906 N-H bond of proteins 1899:1918 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 3 5 theme 16S 578:580 arg1 analysis 596:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 10 6 theme brown 1406:1410 arg1 pigment 1412:1418 a dark brown pigment 1399:1418 a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure 1399:1482 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 10 6 theme brown 1406:1410 arg1 melanin 1421:1427 melanin 1421:1427 melanin 1421:1427 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 7 7 theme dependent 1035:1043 arg1 arrest 1052:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30758729 18 8 theme amounts 2523:2529 arg1 induction 2487:2495 induction 2487:2495 induction 2487:2495 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 18 8 theme amounts 2523:2529 arg1 excretion 2501:2509 excretion 2501:2509 excretion 2501:2509 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 9 9 theme Cd 1314:1315 arg1 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 9 theme Cd 1314:1315 arg1 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 9 theme Cd 1314:1315 arg1 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 9 theme Cd 1314:1315 arg1 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 9 theme Cd 1314:1315 arg1 % 1309:1309 0.07 and 0.24% 1296:1309 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni 1296:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 20 10 theme metal 2986:2990 arg1 environment 3001:3011 metal stressed environment 2986:3011 metal stressed environment 2986:3011 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 17 11 theme metals 2429:2434 arg1 entrapment 2415:2424 The entrapment 2411:2424 The entrapment of metals by EPS and melanin 2411:2453 The entrapment of metals by EPS and melanin was confirmed by EDX. 30758729 14 12 theme significant 2140:2150 arg1 shifts 2157:2162 significant peak shifts 2140:2162 significant peak shifts 2140:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 9 13 theme Cr 1318:1319 arg1 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 13 theme Cr 1318:1319 arg1 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 13 theme Cr 1318:1319 arg1 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 13 theme Cr 1318:1319 arg1 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 13 theme Cr 1318:1319 arg1 % 1309:1309 0.07 and 0.24% 1296:1309 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni 1296:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 12 14 theme bacterial 1811:1819 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 5 15 dep 100 µg mL-1 900:910 arg1 the 884:886 the 884:886 the 884:886 In the presence of 100 µg mL-1 of Cr, cells became elongated and measured 1.9 µm in size. 30758729 5 15 dep 100 µg mL-1 900:910 arg1 presence 888:895 presence 888:895 presence 888:895 In the presence of 100 µg mL-1 of Cr, cells became elongated and measured 1.9 µm in size. 30758729 19 16 theme present 2631:2637 arg1 findings 2639:2646 the present findings 2627:2646 the present findings 2627:2646 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 15 17 theme magnetic 2173:2180 arg1 NMR 2193:2195 NMR 2193:2195 NMR 2193:2195 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 15 17 theme magnetic 2173:2180 arg1 resonance 2182:2190 Nuclear magnetic resonance 2165:2190 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 2165:2247 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 3 18 theme sequence 587:594 arg1 analysis 596:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 9 19 theme Ni 1325:1326 arg1 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 0.4 1291:1293 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 19 theme Ni 1325:1326 arg1 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 Ni 1325:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 19 theme Ni 1325:1326 arg1 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 Cr 1318:1319 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 19 theme Ni 1325:1326 arg1 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 Cd 1314:1315 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 9 19 theme Ni 1325:1326 arg1 % 1309:1309 0.07 and 0.24% 1296:1309 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni 1296:1326 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 19 20 theme cellular 2663:2670 arg1 damage 2672:2677 cellular damage 2663:2677 (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni 2659:2698 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 11 21 theme Cd 1663:1664 arg1 accumulation 1647:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation 1626:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni 1626:1675 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 13 22 theme bond 1928:1931 arg1 stretching 1885:1894 stretching 1885:1894 stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups 1885:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 4 23 dep mL-1 804:807 arg1 µg 801:802 µg 801:802 µg 801:802 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 12 24 theme surface 1782:1788 arg1 groups 1801:1806 surface functional groups 1782:1806 surface functional groups of bacterial cells 1782:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 12 24 theme surface 1782:1788 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 4 25 theme size 867:870 arg1 1.8 µm 872:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 25 theme size 867:870 arg1 control 853:859 untreated control 843:859 untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm) 843:878 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 10 26 theme chroococcum 1445:1455 arg1 cells 1457:1461 A. chroococcum cells 1442:1461 A. chroococcum cells 1442:1461 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 13 27 theme N-H 1899:1901 arg1 bond 1903:1906 N-H bond 1899:1906 N-H bond of proteins 1899:1918 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 15 28 theme apparent 2258:2265 arg1 signals 2272:2278 apparent peak signals 2258:2278 apparent peak signals 2258:2278 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 11 29 theme A. 1596:1597 arg1 CAZ3 1611:1614 A. chroococcum CAZ3 1596:1614 A. chroococcum CAZ3 1596:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 2 30 theme abatement 277:285 arg1 strategies 287:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies are considered inexpensive, viable and environmentally safe. 30758729 1 31 theme soil 146:149 arg1 compositions 161:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 1 31 theme soil 146:149 arg1 performance 197:207 plant's performance 189:207 plant's performance 189:207 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 1 31 theme soil 146:149 arg1 health 232:237 subsequently human health 213:237 subsequently human health 213:237 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 15 32 dep A. 2229:2230 arg1 chroococcum 2232:2242 chroococcum 2232:2242 chroococcum 2232:2242 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 2 33 theme many 266:269 arg1 strategies 287:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies are considered inexpensive, viable and environmentally safe. 30758729 15 34 theme A. 2229:2230 arg1 CAZ3 2244:2247 A. chroococcum CAZ3 2229:2247 A. chroococcum CAZ3 2229:2247 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 9 35 theme treated 1374:1380 arg1 cells 1382:1386 metal treated cells 1368:1386 metal treated cells 1368:1386 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 20 36 from toxicity 2957:2964 arg1 plants 2917:2922 plants 2917:2922 plants 2917:2922 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 20 36 from toxicity 2957:2964 arg1 plants 2939:2944 protecting plants 2928:2944 protecting plants from metal toxicity 2928:2964 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 13 37 from spectra 1992:1998 arg1 shifting 1963:1970 the shifting 1959:1970 the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra 1959:1998 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 18 38 theme metal 2581:2585 arg1 pressure 2587:2594 metal pressure 2581:2594 metal pressure 2581:2594 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 12 39 theme melanin 1721:1727 arg1 spectra 1702:1708 The FT-IR spectra 1692:1708 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin 1692:1727 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 16 40 theme NMR 2330:2332 arg1 peaks 2334:2338 1H NMR peaks 2327:2338 1H NMR peaks 2327:2338 However, 1H NMR peaks were poorly resolved due largely to the impurity/viscosity of the EPS. 30758729 3 41 theme fixing 383:388 arg1 CAZ3 407:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 374:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere 374:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 3 41 theme fixing 383:388 arg1 chroococcum 563:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 4 42 theme size 777:780 arg1 Cd 768:769 Cd 768:769 Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) 768:788 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 42 theme size 777:780 arg1 1.7 µm 782:787 cell size 1.7 µm 772:787 cell size 1.7 µm 772:787 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 1 43 theme Heavy 115:119 arg1 pollution 127:135 Heavy metal pollution 115:135 Heavy metal pollution 115:135 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 11 44 theme CAZ3 1611:1614 arg1 cells 1587:1591 metal treated cells 1573:1591 metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 1573:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 0 45 theme Azotobacter 90:100 arg1 chroococcum 102:112 Azotobacter chroococcum 90:112 Azotobacter chroococcum 90:112 Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum. 30758729 11 46 dep accumulation 1647:1658 arg1 % 1645:1645 % 1645:1645 % 1645:1645 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 12 47 theme stretching 1742:1751 arg1 vibrations 1753:1762 stretching vibrations 1742:1762 stretching vibrations 1742:1762 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 10 48 theme metal 1505:1509 arg1 activity 1521:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 8 49 dep EPS 1184:1186 arg1 133 µg 1177:1182 133 µg 1177:1182 133 µg 1177:1182 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 8 49 dep EPS 1184:1186 arg1 353 1169:1171 353 1169:1171 353 1169:1171 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 19 50 dep damage 2672:2677 arg1 i 2660:2660 i 2660:2660 i 2660:2660 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 12 51 theme EPS 1713:1715 arg1 spectra 1702:1708 The FT-IR spectra 1692:1708 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin 1692:1727 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 3 52 theme strain 400:405 arg1 CAZ3 407:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 374:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere 374:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 3 52 theme strain 400:405 arg1 chroococcum 563:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 14 53 theme metal 2048:2052 arg1 melanin 2062:2068 metal treated melanin 2048:2068 metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2048:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 0 54 theme toxicity 16:23 arg1 Bioreduction 0:11 Bioreduction 0:11 Bioreduction of toxicity 0:23 Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum. 30758729 5 55 theme Cr 915:916 arg1 100 µg mL-1 900:910 100 µg mL-1 900:910 100 µg mL-1 of Cr 900:916 In the presence of 100 µg mL-1 of Cr, cells became elongated and measured 1.9 µm in size. 30758729 1 56 theme microbial 151:159 arg1 compositions 161:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 1 56 theme microbial 151:159 arg1 performance 197:207 plant's performance 189:207 plant's performance 189:207 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 1 56 theme microbial 151:159 arg1 health 232:237 subsequently human health 213:237 subsequently human health 213:237 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 11 57 theme melanin 1550:1556 arg1 spectra 1539:1545 The EDX spectra 1531:1545 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 1531:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 4 58 theme Ni 809:810 arg1 50 µg mL-1 754:763 50 µg mL-1 754:763 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) 754:829 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 7 59 theme A. 1089:1090 arg1 cells 1104:1108 A. chroococcum cells 1089:1108 A. chroococcum cells 1089:1108 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30758729 19 60 from damage 2672:2677 arg1 removal 2786:2792 the removal 2782:2792 the removal of heavy metals 2782:2808 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 19 60 from damage 2672:2677 arg1 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 20 61 theme promising 2866:2874 arg1 candidate 2876:2884 a promising candidate 2864:2884 a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment 2864:3011 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 20 61 theme promising 2866:2874 arg1 chroococcum 2833:2843 A. chroococcum 2830:2843 A. chroococcum 2830:2843 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 6 62 theme metals 983:988 arg1 Location 971:978 Location 971:978 Location of metals inside the cells 971:1005 Location of metals inside the cells was revealed by EDX. 30758729 3 63 theme chilli 427:432 arg1 rhizosphere 434:444 chilli rhizosphere 427:444 chilli rhizosphere 427:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 13 64 from peaks 1975:1979 arg1 spectra 1992:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 4 65 theme cell 813:816 arg1 Ni 809:810 100 of µg mL-1 Ni 794:810 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) 794:829 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 65 theme cell 813:816 arg1 1.3 µm 823:828 cell size 1.3 µm 813:828 cell size 1.3 µm 813:828 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 11 66 theme Ni 1674:1675 arg1 accumulation 1647:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation 1626:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni 1626:1675 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 16 67 theme EPS 2406:2408 arg1 impurity/viscosity 2380:2397 the impurity/viscosity 2376:2397 the impurity/viscosity of the EPS 2376:2408 However, 1H NMR peaks were poorly resolved due largely to the impurity/viscosity of the EPS. 30758729 13 68 from shifting 1963:1970 arg1 spectra 1992:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 11 69 theme treated 1579:1585 arg1 cells 1587:1591 metal treated cells 1573:1591 metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 1573:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 11 70 theme Cr 1667:1668 arg1 accumulation 1647:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation 1626:1658 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni 1626:1675 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 19 71 from role 2709:2712 arg1 removal 2786:2792 the removal 2782:2792 the removal of heavy metals 2782:2808 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 19 71 from role 2709:2712 arg1 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 12 72 from variations 1768:1777 arg1 groups 1801:1806 surface functional groups 1782:1806 surface functional groups of bacterial cells 1782:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 12 72 from variations 1768:1777 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 4 73 theme cellular 626:633 arg1 morphology 635:644 cellular morphology 626:644 cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM 626:681 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 10 74 theme dark 1401:1404 arg1 pigment 1412:1418 a dark brown pigment 1399:1418 a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure 1399:1482 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 10 74 theme dark 1401:1404 arg1 melanin 1421:1427 melanin 1421:1427 melanin 1421:1427 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 10 75 theme chelating 1511:1519 arg1 activity 1521:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 9 76 theme 0.4 1291:1293 arg1 presence 1279:1286 the presence 1275:1286 the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells 1275:1386 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 20 77 theme metal 2951:2955 arg1 toxicity 2957:2964 metal toxicity 2951:2964 metal toxicity 2951:2964 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 14 78 theme stretching 2009:2018 arg1 vibrations 2020:2029 Similar stretching vibrations 2001:2029 Similar stretching vibrations 2001:2029 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 13 79 theme C-H 1832:1834 arg1 stretching 1836:1845 The C-H stretching 1828:1845 The C-H stretching of CH3 1828:1852 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 19 80 theme EPS 2717:2719 arg1 damage 2672:2677 cellular damage 2663:2677 (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni 2659:2698 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 19 80 theme EPS 2717:2719 arg1 role 2709:2712 (ii) role 2704:2712 (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals 2704:2808 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 13 81 theme hydroxyl 1936:1943 arg1 groups 1945:1950 hydroxyl groups 1936:1950 hydroxyl groups 1936:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 18 82 theme variable 2514:2521 arg1 MTs 2552:2554 MTs 2552:2554 MTs 2552:2554 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 18 82 theme variable 2514:2521 arg1 metallothioneins 2534:2549 metallothioneins 2534:2549 metallothioneins (MTs) 2534:2555 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 18 82 theme variable 2514:2521 arg1 amounts 2523:2529 variable amounts 2514:2529 variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) 2514:2555 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 7 83 theme growth 1045:1050 arg1 arrest 1052:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30758729 19 84 theme metals 2803:2808 arg1 removal 2786:2792 the removal 2782:2792 the removal of heavy metals 2782:2808 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 19 84 theme metals 2803:2808 arg1 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 adsorption/complexation 2741:2763 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 12 85 theme cells 1821:1825 arg1 groups 1801:1806 surface functional groups 1782:1806 surface functional groups of bacterial cells 1782:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 12 85 theme cells 1821:1825 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 3 86 theme Azotobacter 551:561 arg1 chroococcum 563:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 3 86 theme Azotobacter 551:561 arg1 CAZ3 407:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 374:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere 374:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 4 87 theme size 818:821 arg1 Ni 809:810 100 of µg mL-1 Ni 794:810 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) 794:829 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 87 theme size 818:821 arg1 1.3 µm 823:828 cell size 1.3 µm 813:828 cell size 1.3 µm 813:828 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 20 88 theme stressed 2992:2999 arg1 environment 3001:3011 metal stressed environment 2986:3011 metal stressed environment 2986:3011 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 10 89 theme A. 1442:1443 arg1 cells 1457:1461 A. chroococcum cells 1442:1461 A. chroococcum cells 1442:1461 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 14 90 theme peak 2152:2155 arg1 shifts 2157:2162 significant peak shifts 2140:2162 significant peak shifts 2140:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 12 91 theme functional 1790:1799 arg1 groups 1801:1806 surface functional groups 1782:1806 surface functional groups of bacterial cells 1782:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 12 91 theme functional 1790:1799 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 3 92 theme rDNA 582:585 arg1 analysis 596:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 16S rDNA sequence analysis 578:603 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 18 93 theme metallothioneins 2534:2549 arg1 MTs 2552:2554 MTs 2552:2554 MTs 2552:2554 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 18 93 theme metallothioneins 2534:2549 arg1 metallothioneins 2534:2549 metallothioneins 2534:2549 metallothioneins (MTs) 2534:2555 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 18 93 theme metallothioneins 2534:2549 arg1 amounts 2523:2529 variable amounts 2514:2529 variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) 2514:2555 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 4 94 theme cells 720:724 arg1 shrinkage 707:715 shrinkage 707:715 shrinkage of cells 707:724 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 95 theme chroococcum 652:662 arg1 morphology 635:644 cellular morphology 626:644 cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM 626:681 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 10 96 theme metal 1469:1473 arg1 pressure 1475:1482 metal pressure 1469:1482 metal pressure 1469:1482 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 13 97 theme O-H 1924:1926 arg1 bond 1928:1931 O-H bond 1924:1931 O-H bond of hydroxyl groups 1924:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 4 98 dep Ni 809:810 arg1 mL-1 804:807 mL-1 804:807 mL-1 804:807 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 19 99 dep role 2709:2712 arg1 ii 2705:2706 ii 2705:2706 ii 2705:2706 Conclusively, the present findings establish- (i) cellular damage due to Cd, Cr and Ni and (ii) role of EPS, melanin and MTs in adsorption/complexation and concurrently the removal of heavy metals. 30758729 15 100 theme Nuclear 2165:2171 arg1 NMR 2193:2195 NMR 2193:2195 NMR 2193:2195 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 15 100 theme Nuclear 2165:2171 arg1 resonance 2182:2190 Nuclear magnetic resonance 2165:2190 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 2165:2247 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 2 101 theme Culturable 240:249 arg1 microbes 251:258 Culturable microbes 240:258 Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies 240:296 Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies are considered inexpensive, viable and environmentally safe. 30758729 1 102 theme metal 121:125 arg1 pollution 127:135 Heavy metal pollution 115:135 Heavy metal pollution 115:135 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 15 103 theme EPS 2210:2212 arg1 spectrum 2198:2205 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum 2165:2205 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 2165:2247 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 4 104 theme cell 862:865 arg1 1.8 µm 872:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 cell size 1.8 µm 862:877 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 104 theme cell 862:865 arg1 control 853:859 untreated control 843:859 untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm) 843:878 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 13 105 theme bond 1903:1906 arg1 stretching 1885:1894 stretching 1885:1894 stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups 1885:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 15 106 theme peak 2267:2270 arg1 signals 2272:2278 apparent peak signals 2258:2278 apparent peak signals 2258:2278 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 12 107 from vibrations 1753:1762 arg1 groups 1801:1806 surface functional groups 1782:1806 surface functional groups of bacterial cells 1782:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 12 107 from vibrations 1753:1762 arg1 cells 1821:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 bacterial cells 1811:1825 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 14 108 theme alkene 2113:2118 arg1 groups 2120:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups 2085:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2085:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 11 109 theme chroococcum 1599:1609 arg1 CAZ3 1611:1614 A. chroococcum CAZ3 1596:1614 A. chroococcum CAZ3 1596:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 0 110 theme metal 74:78 arg1 stress 80:85 metal stress 74:85 metal stress 74:85 Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum. 30758729 13 111 theme proteins 1911:1918 arg1 bond 1928:1931 O-H bond 1924:1931 O-H bond of hydroxyl groups 1924:1950 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 13 111 theme proteins 1911:1918 arg1 bond 1903:1906 N-H bond 1899:1906 N-H bond of proteins 1899:1918 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 2 112 theme metal 271:275 arg1 strategies 287:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 many metal abatement strategies 266:296 Culturable microbes among many metal abatement strategies are considered inexpensive, viable and environmentally safe. 30758729 9 113 theme metal 1368:1372 arg1 cells 1382:1386 metal treated cells 1368:1386 metal treated cells 1368:1386 The EDX revealed the presence of 0.4, 0.07 and 0.24% of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively within EPS extracted from metal treated cells. 30758729 16 114 theme 1H 2327:2328 arg1 peaks 2334:2338 1H NMR peaks 2327:2338 1H NMR peaks 2327:2338 However, 1H NMR peaks were poorly resolved due largely to the impurity/viscosity of the EPS. 30758729 8 115 theme Cd 1229:1230 arg1 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni 1209:1241 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 14 116 theme carboxylate 2097:2107 arg1 groups 2120:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups 2085:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2085:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 13 117 theme fatty 1857:1861 arg1 acids 1863:1867 fatty acids 1857:1867 fatty acids 1857:1867 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 8 118 theme Cr 1233:1234 arg1 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni 1209:1241 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 14 119 theme alkyl 2090:2094 arg1 groups 2120:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups 2085:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2085:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 11 120 dep % 1645:1645 arg1 0.12 1641:1644 0.12 1641:1644 0.12 1641:1644 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 11 120 dep % 1645:1645 arg1 0.22 1632:1635 0.22 1632:1635 0.22 1632:1635 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 18 121 dep induction 2487:2495 arg1 the 2483:2485 the 2483:2485 the 2483:2485 Also, the induction and excretion of variable amounts of metallothioneins (MTs) by A. chroococcum under metal pressure was interesting. 30758729 3 122 theme bacterial 390:398 arg1 CAZ3 407:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 374:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere 374:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 3 122 theme bacterial 390:398 arg1 chroococcum 563:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 8 123 theme Ni 1240:1241 arg1 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni 1209:1241 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 4 124 theme cell 772:775 arg1 Cd 768:769 Cd 768:769 Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) 768:788 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 124 theme cell 772:775 arg1 1.7 µm 782:787 cell size 1.7 µm 772:787 cell size 1.7 µm 772:787 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 14 125 theme CHO 2085:2087 arg1 groups 2120:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups 2085:2125 CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2085:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 8 126 dep mL-1 1188:1191 arg1 EPS 1184:1186 EPS 1184:1186 EPS 1184:1186 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 3 127 theme nitrogen 374:381 arg1 CAZ3 407:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 374:410 nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere 374:444 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 3 127 theme nitrogen 374:381 arg1 chroococcum 563:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 Azotobacter chroococcum 551:573 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 10 128 theme tremendous 1494:1503 arg1 activity 1521:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 tremendous metal chelating activity 1494:1528 Moreover, a dark brown pigment (melanin) secreted by A. chroococcum cells under metal pressure displayed tremendous metal chelating activity. 30758729 13 129 theme CH2 1873:1875 arg1 groups 1877:1882 CH2 groups 1873:1882 CH2 groups 1873:1882 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 14 130 theme treated 2054:2060 arg1 melanin 2062:2068 metal treated melanin 2048:2068 metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts 2048:2162 Similar stretching vibrations were recorded in metal treated melanin which involved CHO, alkyl, carboxylate and alkene groups resulting in significant peak shifts. 30758729 15 131 theme resonance 2182:2190 arg1 spectrum 2198:2205 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum 2165:2205 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 2165:2247 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of EPS extracted from A. chroococcum CAZ3 revealed apparent peak signals at 4.717, 9.497, 9.369 and 9.242 ppm. 30758729 7 132 theme chroococcum 1092:1102 arg1 cells 1104:1108 A. chroococcum cells 1089:1108 A. chroococcum cells 1089:1108 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30758729 4 133 dep found 687:691 arg1 distorted 693:701 distorted 693:701 was found distorted 683:701 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 4 134 theme Cd 768:769 arg1 50 µg mL-1 754:763 50 µg mL-1 754:763 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) 754:829 Under metal stress, cellular morphology of A. chroococcum observed under SEM was found distorted and shrinkage of cells was noticed when grown with 50 µg mL-1 of Cd (cell size 1.7 µm) and 100 of µg mL-1 Ni (cell size 1.3 µm) compared to untreated control (cell size 1.8 µm). 30758729 3 135 theme chromium 495:502 arg1 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel 470:513 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 0 136 theme bioactive 39:47 arg1 molecules 49:57 bioactive molecules 39:57 bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum 39:112 Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum. 30758729 12 137 theme FT-IR 1696:1700 arg1 spectra 1702:1708 The FT-IR spectra 1692:1708 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin 1692:1727 The FT-IR spectra of EPS and melanin demonstrated stretching vibrations and variations in surface functional groups of bacterial cells. 30758729 1 138 theme human 226:230 arg1 compositions 161:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 soil microbial compositions 146:172 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 1 138 theme human 226:230 arg1 health 232:237 subsequently human health 213:237 subsequently human health 213:237 Heavy metal pollution destruct soil microbial compositions and functions, plant's performance and subsequently human health. 30758729 11 139 theme EDX 1535:1537 arg1 spectra 1539:1545 The EDX spectra 1531:1545 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 1531:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 13 140 theme peaks 1975:1979 arg1 shifting 1963:1970 the shifting 1959:1970 the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra 1959:1998 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 3 141 theme cadmium 486:492 arg1 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel 470:513 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 13 142 theme EPS 1988:1990 arg1 spectra 1992:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 the EPS spectra 1984:1998 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 11 143 theme metal 1573:1577 arg1 cells 1587:1591 metal treated cells 1573:1591 metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 1573:1614 The EDX spectra of melanin extracted from metal treated cells of A. chroococcum CAZ3 displayed 0.53, 0.22 and 0.12% accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 13 144 theme CH3 1850:1852 arg1 stretching 1836:1845 The C-H stretching 1828:1845 The C-H stretching of CH3 1828:1852 The C-H stretching of CH3 in fatty acids and CH2 groups, stretching of N-H bond of proteins and O-H bond of hydroxyl groups caused the shifting of peaks in the EPS spectra. 30758729 3 145 theme nickel 508:513 arg1 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 470:481 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel 470:513 In this study, nitrogen fixing bacterial strain CAZ3 recovered from chilli rhizosphere tolerated 100, 1000 and 1200 µg mL-1 of cadmium, chromium and nickel, respectively and was identified as Azotobacter chroococcum by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. 30758729 8 146 dep 100 µg mL-1 1209:1219 arg1 each 1221:1224 each 1221:1224 each 1221:1224 A. chroococcum CAZ3 secreted 320, 353 and 133 µg EPS mL-1 when grown with 100 µg mL-1 each of Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. 30758729 20 147 theme protecting 2928:2937 arg1 plants 2939:2944 protecting plants 2928:2944 protecting plants from metal toxicity 2928:2964 Considering these, A. chroococcum can be promoted as a promising candidate for supplying N efficiently to plants and protecting plants from metal toxicity while growing under metal stressed environment. 30758729 7 148 theme cells 1104:1108 arg1 arrest 1052:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest 1028:1057 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30758729 7 148 theme cells 1104:1108 arg1 death 1080:1084 the death 1076:1084 the death of A. chroococcum cells 1076:1108 A dose dependent growth arrest and consequently the death of A. chroococcum cells was revealed under CLSM. 30678271 6 0 theme pharmaceutical 1314:1327 arg1 areas 1329:1333 the food and pharmaceutical areas 1301:1333 the food and pharmaceutical areas 1301:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 4 1 theme method 764:769 arg1 application 724:734 the application 720:734 the application of the enzymatic extraction method 720:769 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 1 2 from by-products 164:174 arg1 extraction 127:136 the efficient extraction 113:136 the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp) 113:208 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 3 3 theme FTIR 437:440 arg1 analyses 450:457 FTIR and SEC analyses 437:457 analyses 450:457 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 0 4 theme Beet 81:84 arg1 By-Products 86:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 5 5 theme acid 972:975 arg1 method 977:982 the acid method 968:982 the acid method 968:982 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 4 6 theme extraction 753:762 arg1 method 764:769 the enzymatic extraction method 739:769 the enzymatic extraction method 739:769 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 6 7 theme potential 1176:1184 arg1 reuse 1186:1190 the potential reuse 1172:1190 the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1172:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 1 8 theme sugar 153:157 arg1 by-products 164:174 sugar beet by-products 153:174 sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp) 153:208 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 4 9 theme galacturonic 814:825 arg1 content 832:838 higher galacturonic acid content 807:838 higher galacturonic acid content (72%) 807:844 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 9 theme galacturonic 814:825 arg1 % 843:843 72% 841:843 72% 841:843 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 2 10 contain had 301:303 arg1 method 294:299 The extraction method 279:299 The extraction method 279:299 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 2 10 contain had 301:303 arg2 impact 308:313 an impact 305:313 an impact on the pectin monomeric composition 305:349 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 6 11 theme pectin 1272:1277 arg1 extraction 1258:1267 the extraction 1254:1267 the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1254:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 1 12 theme acid 223:226 arg1 method 228:233 an acid method 220:233 an acid method 220:233 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 4 13 theme higher 807:812 arg1 content 832:838 higher galacturonic acid content 807:838 higher galacturonic acid content (72%) 807:844 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 13 theme higher 807:812 arg1 % 843:843 72% 841:843 72% 841:843 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 14 theme highest 651:657 arg1 yield 659:663 the highest yield 647:663 the highest yield (19%) 647:669 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 14 theme highest 651:657 arg1 % 668:668 19% 666:668 19% 666:668 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 5 15 theme enzymatic 1045:1053 arg1 method 1055:1060 the enzymatic method 1041:1060 the enzymatic method 1041:1060 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 4 16 theme ensiled 621:627 arg1 by-product 629:638 the ensiled by-product 617:638 the ensiled by-product 617:638 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 17 theme galacturonic 678:689 arg1 content 696:702 a galacturonic acid content 676:702 a galacturonic acid content of 46% 676:709 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 18 theme pectin 607:612 arg1 extraction 593:602 The acid extraction 584:602 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product 584:638 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 1 19 theme beet 159:162 arg1 by-products 164:174 sugar beet by-products 153:174 sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp) 153:208 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 4 20 theme acid 827:830 arg1 content 832:838 higher galacturonic acid content 807:838 higher galacturonic acid content (72%) 807:844 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 20 theme acid 827:830 arg1 % 843:843 72% 841:843 72% 841:843 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 2 21 from impact 308:313 arg1 composition 339:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 4 22 from extraction 593:602 arg1 by-product 629:638 the ensiled by-product 617:638 the ensiled by-product 617:638 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 23 theme acid 588:591 arg1 extraction 593:602 The acid extraction 584:602 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product 584:638 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 2 24 theme galacturonic 385:396 arg1 content 403:409 galacturonic acid content 385:409 galacturonic acid content 385:409 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 6 25 theme ensiled 1195:1201 arg1 by-products 1213:1223 ensiled and dried by-products 1195:1223 ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry 1195:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 4 26 theme enzymatic 743:751 arg1 method 764:769 the enzymatic extraction method 739:769 the enzymatic extraction method 739:769 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 6 27 theme by-products 1213:1223 arg1 reuse 1186:1190 the potential reuse 1172:1190 the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1172:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 2 28 theme monomeric 329:337 arg1 composition 339:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 0 29 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 Properties 27:36 Structural and Rheological Properties 0:36 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins 0:47 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 3 30 theme methoxylation 507:519 arg1 degrees 496:502 similar degrees 488:502 similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights 488:541 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 2 31 theme pectin 322:327 arg1 composition 339:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 the pectin monomeric composition 318:349 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 3 32 theme molecular 525:533 arg1 weights 535:541 molecular weights 525:541 molecular weights 525:541 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 3 33 theme similar 488:494 arg1 degrees 496:502 similar degrees 488:502 similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights 488:541 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 6 34 from reuse 1186:1190 arg1 industry 1241:1248 sugar beet industry 1230:1248 sugar beet industry 1230:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 0 35 theme Rheological 15:25 arg1 Properties 27:36 Structural and Rheological Properties 0:36 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins 0:47 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 1 36 theme commercial 240:249 arg1 cellulose 251:259 a commercial cellulose 238:259 a commercial cellulose 238:259 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 5 37 theme emulsifying 906:916 arg1 index 927:931 the emulsifying activity index 902:931 aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index 874:931 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 3 38 theme degrees 496:502 arg1 determination 471:483 the determination 467:483 the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights 467:541 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 5 39 from stability 861:869 arg1 index 927:931 the emulsifying activity index 902:931 aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index 874:931 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 5 39 from stability 861:869 arg1 solution 882:889 aqueous solution 874:889 aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index 874:931 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 0 40 theme Pectins 41:47 arg1 Properties 27:36 Structural and Rheological Properties 0:36 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins 0:47 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 5 41 theme activity 918:925 arg1 index 927:931 the emulsifying activity index 902:931 aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index 874:931 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 3 42 theme weights 535:541 arg1 degrees 496:502 similar degrees 488:502 similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights 488:541 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 6 43 theme beet 1236:1239 arg1 industry 1241:1248 sugar beet industry 1230:1248 sugar beet industry 1230:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 44 dep study 1111:1115 arg1 analyzing 1117:1125 analyzing 1117:1125 analyzing the physicochemical properties 1117:1156 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 44 dep study 1111:1115 arg1 exploring 1162:1170 exploring 1162:1170 exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1162:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 45 theme physicochemical 1131:1145 arg1 properties 1147:1156 the physicochemical properties 1127:1156 the physicochemical properties 1127:1156 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 3 46 theme extracted 565:573 arg1 pectins 575:581 the extracted pectins 561:581 the extracted pectins 561:581 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 1 47 dep pressed 177:183 arg1 pulp 204:207 pulp 204:207 pulp 204:207 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 6 48 theme sugar 1230:1234 arg1 beet 1236:1239 sugar beet 1230:1239 sugar beet industry 1230:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 4 49 theme lower 785:789 arg1 yield 791:795 a lower yield 783:795 a lower yield (13%) 783:801 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 4 49 theme lower 785:789 arg1 % 800:800 13% 798:800 13% 798:800 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 6 50 theme dried 1207:1211 arg1 by-products 1213:1223 ensiled and dried by-products 1195:1223 ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry 1195:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 5 51 theme aqueous 874:880 arg1 solution 882:889 aqueous solution 874:889 aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index 874:931 Moreover, the stability in aqueous solution as well as the emulsifying activity index was higher for pectin extracted by the acid method, whereas the viscosity was higher in pectin extracted by the enzymatic method. 30678271 2 52 theme acid 398:401 arg1 content 403:409 galacturonic acid content 385:409 galacturonic acid content 385:409 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 1 53 dep by-products 164:174 arg1 ensiled 186:192 ensiled 186:192 ensiled 186:192 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 1 53 dep by-products 164:174 arg1 pressed 177:183 pressed 177:183 pressed 177:183 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 1 53 dep by-products 164:174 arg1 dried 198:202 dried 198:202 dried 198:202 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 6 54 theme food 1305:1308 arg1 areas 1329:1333 the food and pharmaceutical areas 1301:1333 the food and pharmaceutical areas 1301:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 4 55 theme % 709:709 arg1 content 696:702 a galacturonic acid content 676:702 a galacturonic acid content of 46% 676:709 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 1 56 theme efficient 117:125 arg1 extraction 127:136 the efficient extraction 113:136 the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp) 113:208 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 30678271 6 57 theme first 1105:1109 arg1 this 1093:1096 this 1093:1096 this 1093:1096 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 57 theme first 1105:1109 arg1 study 1111:1115 the first study 1101:1115 the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1101:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 58 from industry 1241:1248 arg1 reuse 1186:1190 the potential reuse 1172:1190 the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas 1172:1333 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 6 58 from industry 1241:1248 arg1 by-products 1213:1223 ensiled and dried by-products 1195:1223 ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry 1195:1248 To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the physicochemical properties and exploring the potential reuse of ensiled and dried by-products from sugar beet industry for the extraction of pectin to be further used in the food and pharmaceutical areas. 30678271 4 59 theme acid 691:694 arg1 content 696:702 a galacturonic acid content 676:702 a galacturonic acid content of 46% 676:709 The acid extraction of pectin in the ensiled by-product led to the highest yield (19%) with a galacturonic acid content of 46%, whereas the application of the enzymatic extraction method resulted in a lower yield (13%) but higher galacturonic acid content (72%). 30678271 2 60 theme extraction 283:292 arg1 method 294:299 The extraction method 279:299 The extraction method 279:299 The extraction method had an impact on the pectin monomeric composition, mainly in xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid content, as determined by GC-FID. 30678271 0 61 theme Sugar 75:79 arg1 By-Products 86:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 3 62 theme SEC 446:448 arg1 analyses 450:457 FTIR and SEC analyses 437:457 analyses 450:457 FTIR and SEC analyses allowed the determination of similar degrees of methoxylation and molecular weights, respectively, in the extracted pectins. 30678271 0 63 theme Industrial 64:73 arg1 By-Products 86:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products 64:96 Structural and Rheological Properties of Pectins Extracted from Industrial Sugar Beet By-Products. 30678271 1 64 theme pectin 141:146 arg1 extraction 127:136 the efficient extraction 113:136 the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp) 113:208 In this work, the efficient extraction of pectin from sugar beet by-products (pressed, ensiled and dried pulp), by using an acid method or a commercial cellulose, is accomplished. 31384894 2 0 theme sodium 530:535 arg1 solution 546:553 sodium alginate solution 530:553 sodium alginate solution 530:553 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 10 1 dep CONCLUSIONS 1309:1319 arg1 used 1398:1401 used 1398:1401 may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering 1391:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 2 theme bone 1456:1459 arg1 engineering 1468:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 1 3 link cross-linked 311:322 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 4 theme bismuth-containing 167:184 arg1 gel 208:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 5 theme mouse 269:273 arg1 cells 284:288 mouse MC3T3-E1 cells 269:288 mouse MC3T3-E1 cells 269:288 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 6 theme alginate 374:381 arg1 scaffolds 413:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 7 7 theme modulus 998:1004 arg1 results 975:981 The results 971:981 The results of compression modulus 971:1004 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 1 8 theme cross-linked 186:197 arg1 gel 208:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 9 theme MC3T3-E1 275:282 arg1 cells 284:288 mouse MC3T3-E1 cells 269:288 mouse MC3T3-E1 cells 269:288 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 7 10 dep higher 1060:1065 arg1 P<0.05 1067:1072 P<0.05 1067:1072 P<0.05 1067:1072 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 1 11 theme injectable 383:392 arg1 scaffolds 413:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 10 12 theme material 1444:1451 arg1 gel 1335:1337 The composite gel 1321:1337 The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions 1321:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 12 theme material 1444:1451 arg1 type 1412:1415 a new type 1406:1415 a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering 1406:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 4 13 theme composite 694:702 arg1 gel 704:706 the composite gel 690:706 the composite gel 690:706 Cells were inoculated on the surface of the composite gel, FDA/PI cells were stained to observe the adhesion morphology of the cells. 31384894 1 14 theme cells 284:288 arg1 proliferation 252:264 proliferation 252:264 proliferation 252:264 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 14 theme cells 284:288 arg1 adhesion 239:246 adhesion 239:246 adhesion 239:246 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 0 15 theme pre-osteoblasts 98:112 arg1 proliferation 81:93 proliferation 81:93 proliferation 81:93 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 0 15 theme pre-osteoblasts 98:112 arg1 adhesion 68:75 adhesion 68:75 adhesion 68:75 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 1 16 theme tissue 394:399 arg1 scaffolds 413:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 10 17 theme scaffold 1435:1442 arg1 material 1444:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 9 18 theme FDA/Pi 1214:1219 arg1 staining 1221:1228 FDA/Pi staining 1214:1228 FDA/Pi staining 1214:1228 Microscopy and FDA/Pi staining showed that the cells were scattered in the initial stage of cell inoculation. 31384894 3 19 theme swelling 598:605 arg1 ratio 607:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio 570:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels 570:633 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 1 20 theme engineering 401:411 arg1 scaffolds 413:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 374:421 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 8 21 theme Scanning 1076:1083 arg1 microscopy 1094:1103 Scanning electron microscopy 1076:1103 Scanning electron microscopy 1076:1103 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 0 22 attach cross-linked 32:43 arg3 adhesion 68:75 adhesion 68:75 adhesion 68:75 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 0 22 attach cross-linked 32:43 arg3 proliferation 81:93 proliferation 81:93 proliferation 81:93 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 3 23 theme compression 574:584 arg1 modulus 586:592 compression modulus 574:592 compression modulus 574:592 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 1 24 theme alginate 199:206 arg1 gel 208:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 5 25 theme Prism 832:836 arg1 package 851:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package. 31384894 10 26 theme equal 1356:1360 arg1 proportion 1362:1371 equal proportion 1356:1371 equal proportion of strontium ions 1356:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 27 theme cell 1430:1433 arg1 material 1444:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 3 28 theme modulus 586:592 arg1 ratio 607:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio 570:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels 570:633 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 10 29 theme strontium 1376:1384 arg1 ions 1386:1389 strontium ions 1376:1389 strontium ions 1376:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 1 30 theme gel 208:210 arg1 properties 153:162 the physicochemical properties 133:162 the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 133:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 2 31 theme g/L 490:492 arg1 concentration 471:483 a final concentration 463:483 a final concentration of 4 g/L 463:492 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 8 32 theme concentration 1184:1196 arg1 increase 1167:1174 the increase 1163:1174 the increase of Sr2+ concentration 1163:1196 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 5 33 theme software 842:849 arg1 package 851:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package. 31384894 1 34 theme gluten-containing 293:309 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 6 35 theme concentration 956:968 arg1 increase 939:946 the increase 935:946 the increase of Sr2+ concentration 935:968 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 3 36 theme group 621:625 arg1 ratio 607:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio 570:611 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels 570:633 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 10 37 used used 1398:1401 arg2 gel 1335:1337 The composite gel 1321:1337 The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions 1321:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 37 used used 1398:1401 arg2 type 1412:1415 a new type 1406:1415 a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering 1406:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 2 38 theme METHODS 424:430 arg1 sets 437:440 METHODS Five sets 424:440 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L 424:492 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 2 38 theme METHODS 424:430 arg1 electrolytes 445:456 electrolytes 445:456 electrolytes 445:456 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 1 39 theme cross-linked 311:322 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 7 40 theme compression 986:996 arg1 modulus 998:1004 compression modulus 986:1004 compression modulus 986:1004 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 4 41 theme cells 777:781 arg1 morphology 759:768 the adhesion morphology 746:768 the adhesion morphology of the cells 746:781 Cells were inoculated on the surface of the composite gel, FDA/PI cells were stained to observe the adhesion morphology of the cells. 31384894 10 42 theme tissue 1461:1466 arg1 engineering 1468:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 2 43 theme final 465:469 arg1 concentration 471:483 a final concentration 463:483 a final concentration of 4 g/L 463:492 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 0 44 theme strontium-containing 11:30 arg1 [Effect 0:6 [Effect 0:6 [Effect of strontium-containing 0:30 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 1 45 theme alginate 324:331 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 46 link cross-linked 186:197 arg1 gel 208:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 167:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 6 47 theme water 906:910 arg1 rate 881:884 The swelling rate 868:884 The swelling rate of double distilled water 868:910 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 10 48 theme composite 1325:1333 arg1 gel 1335:1337 The composite gel 1321:1337 The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions 1321:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 48 theme composite 1325:1333 arg1 type 1412:1415 a new type 1406:1415 a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering 1406:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 49 theme excellent 1420:1428 arg1 material 1444:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 excellent cell scaffold material 1420:1451 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 0 50 theme alginate 52:59 arg1 gel 61:63 sodium alginate gel 45:63 sodium alginate gel 45:63 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 10 51 theme new 1408:1410 arg1 gel 1335:1337 The composite gel 1321:1337 The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions 1321:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 10 51 theme new 1408:1410 arg1 type 1412:1415 a new type 1406:1415 a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering 1406:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 6 52 theme distilled 896:904 arg1 water 906:910 double distilled water 889:910 double distilled water 889:910 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 4 53 theme gel 704:706 arg1 surface 679:685 the surface 675:685 the surface of the composite gel 675:706 Cells were inoculated on the surface of the composite gel, FDA/PI cells were stained to observe the adhesion morphology of the cells. 31384894 0 54 theme sodium 45:50 arg1 gel 61:63 sodium alginate gel 45:63 sodium alginate gel 45:63 [Effect of strontium-containing cross-linked sodium alginate gel on adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts]. 31384894 10 55 from type 1412:1415 arg1 engineering 1468:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 bone tissue engineering 1456:1478 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 1 56 dep adhesion 239:246 arg1 the 235:237 the 235:237 the 235:237 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 2 57 theme electrolytes 445:456 arg1 sets 437:440 METHODS Five sets 424:440 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L 424:492 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 2 57 theme electrolytes 445:456 arg1 electrolytes 445:456 electrolytes 445:456 electrolytes 445:456 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 5 58 theme GraphPad 823:830 arg1 package 851:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package 823:857 Data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism 6.0 software package. 31384894 8 59 theme Sr2+ 1179:1182 arg1 concentration 1184:1196 Sr2+ concentration 1179:1196 Sr2+ concentration 1179:1196 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 1 60 from proliferation 252:264 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 6 61 dep RESULTS 860:866 arg1 rate 881:884 The swelling rate 868:884 The swelling rate of double distilled water 868:910 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 8 62 theme gel 1144:1146 arg1 pores 1121:1125 the pores 1117:1125 the pores of the composite gel 1117:1146 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 2 63 with sets 437:440 arg1 concentration 471:483 a final concentration 463:483 a final concentration of 4 g/L 463:492 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 9 64 theme inoculation 1296:1306 arg1 stage 1282:1286 the initial stage 1270:1286 the initial stage of cell inoculation 1270:1306 Microscopy and FDA/Pi staining showed that the cells were scattered in the initial stage of cell inoculation. 31384894 9 65 theme initial 1274:1280 arg1 stage 1282:1286 the initial stage 1270:1286 the initial stage of cell inoculation 1270:1306 Microscopy and FDA/Pi staining showed that the cells were scattered in the initial stage of cell inoculation. 31384894 3 66 theme gels 630:633 arg1 gels 630:633 gels 630:633 gels 630:633 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 3 66 theme gels 630:633 arg1 group 621:625 each group 616:625 each group of gels 616:633 The compression modulus and swelling ratio of each group of gels were measured. 31384894 7 67 theme group 1034:1038 arg1 C 1040:1040 group C 1034:1040 group C 1034:1040 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 6 68 theme double 889:894 arg1 water 906:910 double distilled water 889:910 double distilled water 889:910 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 1 69 theme theoretical 352:362 arg1 basis 364:368 a theoretical basis 350:368 a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds 350:421 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 1 70 from adhesion 239:246 arg1 gel 333:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel 293:335 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 6 71 theme swelling 872:879 arg1 rate 881:884 The swelling rate 868:884 The swelling rate of double distilled water 868:910 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 7 72 theme C 1040:1040 arg1 strength 1022:1029 the strength 1018:1029 the strength of group C 1018:1040 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 7 72 theme C 1040:1040 arg1 higher 1060:1065 higher 1060:1065 higher 1060:1065 The results of compression modulus showed that the strength of group C was significantly higher(P<0.05). 31384894 4 73 theme adhesion 750:757 arg1 morphology 759:768 the adhesion morphology 746:768 the adhesion morphology of the cells 746:781 Cells were inoculated on the surface of the composite gel, FDA/PI cells were stained to observe the adhesion morphology of the cells. 31384894 8 74 theme composite 1134:1142 arg1 gel 1144:1146 the composite gel 1130:1146 the composite gel 1130:1146 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 1 75 theme physicochemical 137:151 arg1 properties 153:162 the physicochemical properties 133:162 the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel 133:210 PURPOSE To study the physicochemical properties of bismuth-containing cross-linked alginate gel, to observe and detect the adhesion and proliferation of mouse MC3T3-E1 cells in gluten-containing cross-linked alginate gel and provides a theoretical basis for alginate injectable tissue engineering scaffolds. 31384894 8 76 theme electron 1085:1092 arg1 microscopy 1094:1103 Scanning electron microscopy 1076:1103 Scanning electron microscopy 1076:1103 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the pores of the composite gel increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 9 77 theme cell 1291:1294 arg1 inoculation 1296:1306 cell inoculation 1291:1306 cell inoculation 1291:1306 Microscopy and FDA/Pi staining showed that the cells were scattered in the initial stage of cell inoculation. 31384894 2 78 theme alginate 537:544 arg1 solution 546:553 sodium alginate solution 530:553 sodium alginate solution 530:553 METHODS Five sets of electrolytes with a final concentration of 4 g/L were prepared and cross-linked with sodium alginate solution, respectively. 31384894 6 79 theme Sr2+ 951:954 arg1 concentration 956:968 Sr2+ concentration 951:968 Sr2+ concentration 951:968 RESULTS The swelling rate of double distilled water and PBS increased with the increase of Sr2+ concentration. 31384894 10 80 theme ions 1386:1389 arg1 proportion 1362:1371 equal proportion 1356:1371 equal proportion of strontium ions 1356:1389 CONCLUSIONS The composite gel formed by mixing equal proportion of strontium ions may be used as a new type of excellent cell scaffold material in bone tissue engineering. 31384894 4 81 theme FDA/PI 709:714 arg1 cells 716:720 FDA/PI cells 709:720 FDA/PI cells 709:720 Cells were inoculated on the surface of the composite gel, FDA/PI cells were stained to observe the adhesion morphology of the cells. 31397056 0 0 from response 18:25 arg1 defect 56:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 4 1 theme content 846:852 arg1 implant 854:860 content implant 846:860 content implant 846:860 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 7 2 theme tissue 1369:1374 arg1 engineering 1376:1386 tissue engineering 1369:1386 tissue engineering 1369:1386 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 2 3 theme bone 516:519 arg1 healing 505:511 a progressive healing 491:511 a progressive healing of bone 491:519 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 5 4 theme bone 881:884 arg1 regeneration 886:897 the bone regeneration 877:897 the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted 877:947 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 5 4 theme bone 881:884 arg1 comparable 952:961 comparable 952:961 comparable 952:961 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 0 5 theme composite 125:133 arg1 scaffolds 135:143 alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds 93:143 alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds 93:143 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 3 6 theme regenerative 570:581 arg1 process 583:589 the regenerative process 566:589 the regenerative process 566:589 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 1 7 theme experimental 298:309 arg1 models 315:320 experimental rat models 298:320 experimental rat models 298:320 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 0 8 theme alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic 93:123 arg1 scaffolds 135:143 alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds 93:143 alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds 93:143 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 6 9 theme present 1167:1173 arg1 study 1175:1179 the present study 1163:1179 the present study 1163:1179 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 1 10 theme rat 311:313 arg1 models 315:320 experimental rat models 298:320 experimental rat models 298:320 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 1 11 theme alginate-pullulan-bioactive 187:213 arg1 oxide 259:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 2 12 theme samples 482:488 arg1 evaluation 454:463 histological evaluation 441:463 histological evaluation of the processed samples 441:488 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 1 13 theme glass-ceramic 215:227 arg1 oxide 259:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 0 14 theme regeneration 5:16 arg1 response 18:25 Bone regeneration response 0:25 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect 0:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 7 15 theme regeneration 1204:1215 arg1 process 1217:1223 a regeneration process 1202:1223 a regeneration process 1202:1223 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 3 16 theme new 602:604 arg1 tissue 611:616 new bone tissue 602:616 new bone tissue 602:616 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 1 17 theme bone 365:368 arg1 defect 370:375 an induced bone defect 354:375 an induced bone defect 354:375 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 0 18 theme Bone 0:3 arg1 response 18:25 Bone regeneration response 0:25 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect 0:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 4 19 theme glass-ceramic 824:836 arg1 matrix 838:843 glass-ceramic matrix 824:843 glass-ceramic matrix 824:843 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 3 20 theme bone 606:609 arg1 tissue 611:616 new bone tissue 602:616 new bone tissue 602:616 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 6 21 theme bone 1074:1077 arg1 amount 1060:1065 The assessed amount 1047:1065 The assessed amount of new bone formed 1047:1084 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 6 21 theme bone 1074:1077 arg1 bone 1074:1077 new bone 1070:1077 new bone formed 1070:1084 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 2 22 theme processed 472:480 arg1 samples 482:488 the processed samples 468:488 the processed samples 468:488 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 5 23 theme mol 929:931 arg1 CuO 935:937 0.5 mol % CuO 925:937 0.5 mol % CuO implanted 925:947 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 5 24 theme composite 1028:1036 arg1 implant 1038:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 6 25 theme new 1070:1072 arg1 bone 1074:1077 new bone 1070:1077 new bone formed 1070:1084 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 3 26 theme spicules 669:676 arg1 growth 644:649 the growth 640:649 the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds 640:697 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 5 27 theme % 933:933 arg1 CuO 935:937 0.5 mol % CuO 925:937 0.5 mol % CuO implanted 925:947 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 4 28 dep % 814:814 arg1 CuO 816:818 CuO 816:818 CuO 816:818 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 0 29 theme experimental 33:44 arg1 defect 56:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 2 30 theme histological 441:452 arg1 evaluation 454:463 histological evaluation 441:463 histological evaluation of the processed samples 441:488 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 4 31 theme mol 810:812 arg1 % 814:814 1.5 mol % CuO 806:818 1.5 mol % CuO 806:818 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 7 32 theme great 1320:1324 arg1 potential 1326:1334 the great potential 1316:1334 the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering 1316:1386 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 1 33 theme mol 246:248 arg1 % 250:250 0.5 and 1.5 mol % 234:250 0.5 and 1.5 mol % 234:250 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 5 34 with comparable 952:961 arg1 implant 1038:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 3 35 theme irregular 654:662 arg1 spicules 669:676 irregular bone spicules 654:676 irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds 654:697 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 6 36 theme assessed 1051:1058 arg1 amount 1060:1065 The assessed amount 1047:1065 The assessed amount of new bone formed 1047:1084 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 6 36 theme assessed 1051:1058 arg1 bone 1074:1077 new bone 1070:1077 new bone formed 1070:1084 The assessed amount of new bone formed was found to be between 29.75 and 37.15% for all the composition involved in the present study. 31397056 0 37 theme bone 51:54 arg1 defect 56:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 3 38 theme bone 664:667 arg1 spicules 669:676 irregular bone spicules 654:676 irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds 654:697 Furthermore, as the regenerative process continued, new bone tissue was formed, enhancing the growth of irregular bone spicules around the scaffolds. 31397056 4 39 theme bone 737:740 arg1 amount 723:728 A significantly higher amount 700:728 A significantly higher amount of new bone 700:740 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 4 39 theme bone 737:740 arg1 bone 737:740 new bone 733:740 new bone 733:740 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 0 40 theme long 46:49 arg1 defect 56:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 an experimental long bone defect 30:61 Bone regeneration response in an experimental long bone defect orthotopically implanted with alginate-pullulan-glass-ceramic composite scaffolds. 31397056 4 41 theme new 733:735 arg1 bone 737:740 new bone 733:740 new bone 733:740 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 7 42 theme materials 1345:1353 arg1 potential 1326:1334 the great potential 1316:1334 the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering 1316:1386 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 4 43 dep formed 746:751 arg1 % 756:756 37% 754:756 37% 754:756 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 1 44 theme present 153:159 arg1 study 161:165 the present study 149:165 the present study 149:165 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 1 45 theme copper 252:257 arg1 oxide 259:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide 187:263 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 1 46 with glass-ceramic 215:227 arg1 % 250:250 0.5 and 1.5 mol % 234:250 0.5 and 1.5 mol % 234:250 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 2 47 located observed 525:532 arg2 healing 505:511 a progressive healing 491:511 a progressive healing of bone 491:519 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 2 47 located observed 525:532 arg1 5 weeks 541:547 5 weeks 541:547 5 weeks 541:547 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 7 48 theme alginate-pullulan 1244:1260 arg1 materials 1272:1280 the alginate-pullulan composite materials 1240:1280 the alginate-pullulan composite materials 1240:1280 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 7 49 theme composite 1262:1270 arg1 materials 1272:1280 the alginate-pullulan composite materials 1240:1280 the alginate-pullulan composite materials 1240:1280 During this process a regeneration process was shown when the alginate-pullulan composite materials were involved, fact that indicate the great potential of these materials to be used in tissue engineering. 31397056 5 50 theme alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium 972:1001 arg1 implant 1038:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 4 51 theme higher 716:721 arg1 amount 723:728 A significantly higher amount 700:728 A significantly higher amount of new bone 700:740 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 4 51 theme higher 716:721 arg1 bone 737:740 new bone 733:740 new bone 733:740 A significantly higher amount of new bone was formed (37%) in the defect that received the composite with 1.5 mol % CuO (in glass-ceramic matrix) content implant. 31397056 2 52 theme progressive 493:503 arg1 healing 505:511 a progressive healing 491:511 a progressive healing of bone 491:519 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 31397056 1 53 theme induced 357:363 arg1 defect 370:375 an induced bone defect 354:375 an induced bone defect 354:375 In the present study, scaffolds based on alginate-pullulan-bioactive glass-ceramic with 0.5 and 1.5 mol % copper oxide were orthotopically implanted in experimental rat models to assess their ability to heal an induced bone defect. 31397056 5 54 theme phosphate/hydroxiapatite 1003:1026 arg1 implant 1038:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant 968:1044 Nevertheless, the bone regeneration obtained by scaffold with 0.5 mol % CuO implanted is comparable with the alginate-pullulan-β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxiapatite composite implant. 31397056 2 55 theme magnetic 390:397 arg1 resonance 399:407 magnetic resonance 390:407 magnetic resonance 390:407 By implying magnetic resonance and imaging scans together with histological evaluation of the processed samples, a progressive healing of bone was observed within 5 weeks. 30889665 3 0 from methods 662:668 arg1 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 622:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 0 from methods 662:668 arg1 % 637:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 0 from methods 662:668 arg1 % 617:617 the wt% 611:617 the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 611:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 11 1 theme host 1907:1910 arg1 types 1927:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 9 2 theme laminin 1671:1677 arg1 presence 1650:1657 the presence 1646:1657 the presence of adsorbed laminin 1646:1677 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 2 3 theme lines 304:308 arg1 growth 279:284 controlled growth 268:284 controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 268:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 7 4 theme Air-dried 1108:1116 arg1 bionanocomposites 1118:1134 Air-dried bionanocomposites 1108:1134 Air-dried bionanocomposites 1108:1134 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 2 5 theme model 293:297 arg1 lines 304:308 two model cell lines 289:308 two model cell lines 289:308 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 5 theme model 293:297 arg1 cells 394:398 NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells 311:398 cells 394:398 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 5 theme model 293:297 arg1 NIH/3T3 311:317 NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells 311:398 NIH/3T3 311:317 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 1 6 theme cells 204:208 arg1 environment 189:199 the natural environment 177:199 the natural environment of cells 177:208 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 4 7 theme ligands 871:877 arg1 availability 837:848 the availability 833:848 the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin) 833:887 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 10 8 theme conductive 1798:1807 arg1 substrates 1809:1818 the conductive substrates 1794:1818 the conductive substrates 1794:1818 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 30889665 6 9 theme conductive 1085:1094 arg1 substrates 1096:1105 conductive substrates 1085:1105 conductive substrates 1085:1105 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 1 10 theme tissue 226:231 arg1 engineering 233:243 tissue engineering 226:243 tissue engineering 226:243 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 11 11 theme cell 1922:1925 arg1 types 1927:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 0 12 theme dependent 33:41 arg1 growth 43:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth 0:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 0:121 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 1 13 from engineering 233:243 arg1 essential 213:221 essential 213:221 essential 213:221 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 8 14 theme electrical 1490:1499 arg1 conductivity 1501:1512 electrical conductivity 1490:1512 electrical conductivity 1490:1512 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 7 15 theme cell 1319:1322 arg1 attachment 1324:1333 the PC-12 cell attachment 1309:1333 the PC-12 cell attachment 1309:1333 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 0 16 theme PC-12 65:69 arg1 growth 43:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth 0:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 0:121 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 2 17 theme controlled 268:277 arg1 growth 279:284 controlled growth 268:284 controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 268:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 9 18 theme Nerve 1539:1543 arg1 NGF 1559:1561 NGF 1559:1561 NGF 1559:1561 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 9 18 theme Nerve 1539:1543 arg1 factor 1552:1557 Nerve growth factor 1539:1557 Nerve growth factor(NGF) 1539:1562 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 0 19 theme polyaniline-chloride/chitosan 74:102 arg1 bionanocomposites 104:120 polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites 74:120 polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites 74:120 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 1 20 theme environment 189:199 arg1 forces 167:172 forces 167:172 forces 167:172 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 1 20 theme environment 189:199 arg1 fields 156:161 fields 156:161 fields 156:161 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 8 21 theme cell 1524:1527 arg1 behavior 1529:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 5 22 dep lyophilized 927:937 arg1 microporous-reticulated 940:962 microporous-reticulated 940:962 microporous-reticulated 940:962 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 10 23 theme substrate 1685:1693 arg1 manner 1717:1722 a substrate composition-dependent manner 1683:1722 a substrate composition-dependent manner 1683:1722 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 30889665 8 24 from role 1481:1484 arg1 behavior 1529:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 9 25 theme -induced 1563:1570 arg1 differentiation 1572:1586 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation 1539:1586 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells 1539:1601 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 9 26 from extension 1633:1641 arg1 presence 1650:1657 the presence 1646:1657 the presence of adsorbed laminin 1646:1677 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 0 27 from growth 43:48 arg1 bionanocomposites 104:120 polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites 74:120 polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites 74:120 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 0 28 theme Physiochemical 0:13 arg1 growth 43:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth 0:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 0:121 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 1 29 theme Biomimetic 123:132 arg1 scaffolds 134:142 Biomimetic scaffolds 123:142 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells 123:208 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 2 30 theme topographical 422:434 arg1 cues 436:439 electrical and topographical cues 407:439 electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 407:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 0 31 theme morphological 19:31 arg1 growth 43:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth 0:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 0:121 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 9 32 theme cells 1597:1601 arg1 differentiation 1572:1586 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation 1539:1586 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells 1539:1601 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 7 33 theme cells 1195:1199 arg1 growth 1160:1165 growth 1160:1165 growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells 1160:1199 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 4 34 theme independent 818:828 arg1 growth 792:797 the growth 788:797 the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin) 788:887 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 2 35 theme electrical 407:416 arg1 cues 436:439 electrical and topographical cues 407:439 electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 407:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 6 36 theme higher 1033:1038 arg1 viability 1040:1048 higher viability 1033:1048 higher viability 1033:1048 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 8 37 theme substrate 1421:1429 arg1 properties 1431:1440 the substrate properties 1417:1440 the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells 1417:1459 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 2 38 theme PC-12 349:353 arg1 cells 394:398 NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells 311:398 cells 394:398 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 38 theme PC-12 349:353 arg1 lines 304:308 two model cell lines 289:308 two model cell lines 289:308 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 7 39 theme growth 1160:1165 arg1 supportive 1146:1155 supportive 1146:1155 supportive 1146:1155 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 3 40 dep lyophilization 704:717 arg1 microporous-reticulated 720:742 microporous-reticulated 720:742 microporous-reticulated 720:742 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 9 41 theme neurite 1625:1631 arg1 extension 1633:1641 extensive neurite extension 1615:1641 extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin 1615:1677 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 7 42 theme control 1292:1298 arg1 level 1271:1275 an additional level 1257:1275 an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth 1257:1344 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 7 43 theme PC-12 1313:1317 arg1 attachment 1324:1333 the PC-12 cell attachment 1309:1333 the PC-12 cell attachment 1309:1333 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 4 44 theme cell 807:810 arg1 types 812:816 both cell types 802:816 both cell types 802:816 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 2 45 theme neural 375:380 arg1 electroresponsive 356:372 electroresponsive 356:372 electroresponsive 356:372 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 45 theme neural 375:380 arg1 progenitor 382:391 neural progenitor 375:391 neural progenitor 375:391 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 9 46 theme adsorbed 1662:1669 arg1 laminin 1671:1677 adsorbed laminin 1662:1677 adsorbed laminin 1662:1677 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 7 47 theme additional 1260:1269 arg1 level 1271:1275 an additional level 1257:1275 an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth 1257:1344 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 5 48 theme wt 993:994 arg1 composites 1005:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 5 48 theme wt 993:994 arg1 PAn-Cl 997:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 9 49 theme growth 1545:1550 arg1 NGF 1559:1561 NGF 1559:1561 NGF 1559:1561 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 9 49 theme growth 1545:1550 arg1 factor 1552:1557 Nerve growth factor 1539:1557 Nerve growth factor(NGF) 1539:1562 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 11 50 theme PAn-Cl/CHI 1884:1893 arg1 scaffold 1895:1902 conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold 1873:1902 conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold 1873:1902 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 2 51 theme cell 299:302 arg1 lines 304:308 two model cell lines 289:308 two model cell lines 289:308 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 51 theme cell 299:302 arg1 cells 394:398 NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells 311:398 cells 394:398 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 51 theme cell 299:302 arg1 NIH/3T3 311:317 NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells 311:398 NIH/3T3 311:317 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 0 52 theme NIH/3T3 53:59 arg1 growth 43:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth 0:48 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 0:121 Physiochemical and morphological dependent growth of NIH/3T3 and PC-12 on polyaniline-chloride/chitosan bionanocomposites. 30889665 4 53 theme availability 837:848 arg1 independent 818:828 independent 818:828 independent 818:828 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 7 54 theme composites 1232:1241 arg1 processing 1218:1227 processing 1218:1227 processing of composites 1218:1241 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 4 55 theme receptor-mediated 853:869 arg1 laminin 880:886 laminin 880:886 laminin 880:886 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 4 55 theme receptor-mediated 853:869 arg1 ligands 871:877 receptor-mediated ligands 853:877 receptor-mediated ligands (laminin) 853:887 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 8 56 theme clear 1475:1479 arg1 role 1481:1484 a clear role 1473:1484 a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior 1473:1536 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 3 57 dep conductivity 540:551 arg1 The 536:538 The 536:538 The 536:538 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 58 theme PAn-Cl 622:627 arg1 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 622:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 58 theme PAn-Cl 622:627 arg1 % 637:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 58 theme PAn-Cl 622:627 arg1 % 617:617 the wt% 611:617 the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 611:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 5 59 theme lyophilized 927:937 arg1 composites 1005:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 5 59 theme lyophilized 927:937 arg1 PAn-Cl 997:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 2 60 dep promiscuous 320:330 arg1 fibroblast 333:342 fibroblast 333:342 fibroblast 333:342 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 1 61 from essential 213:221 arg1 engineering 233:243 tissue engineering 226:243 tissue engineering 226:243 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 5 62 theme NIH/3T3 890:896 arg1 cells 898:902 NIH/3T3 cells 890:902 NIH/3T3 cells 890:902 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 6 63 theme PC-12 1017:1021 arg1 cells 1023:1027 PC-12 cells 1017:1027 PC-12 cells 1017:1027 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 2 64 theme chitosan 513:520 arg1 chitosan 513:520 chitosan 513:520 chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 513:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 64 theme chitosan 513:520 arg1 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 64 theme chitosan 513:520 arg1 bionanocomposite 468:483 a bionanocomposite 466:483 a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 466:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 8 65 theme neural 1517:1522 arg1 behavior 1529:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 neural cell behavior 1517:1536 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 1 66 theme natural 181:187 arg1 environment 189:199 the natural environment 177:199 the natural environment of cells 177:208 Biomimetic scaffolds inspired by fields and forces of the natural environment of cells is essential in tissue engineering. 30889665 2 67 theme polyaniline-chloride 488:507 arg1 chitosan 513:520 chitosan 513:520 chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 513:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 67 theme polyaniline-chloride 488:507 arg1 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 polyaniline-chloride 488:507 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 67 theme polyaniline-chloride 488:507 arg1 bionanocomposite 468:483 a bionanocomposite 466:483 a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI) 466:533 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 5 68 theme conductive 974:983 arg1 composites 1005:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 5 68 theme conductive 974:983 arg1 PAn-Cl 997:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 3 69 theme scaffold 575:582 arg1 morphology 557:566 morphology 557:566 morphology 557:566 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 69 theme scaffold 575:582 arg1 conductivity 540:551 conductivity 540:551 conductivity 540:551 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 70 from % 617:617 arg1 methods 662:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 11 71 theme conductive 1873:1882 arg1 scaffold 1895:1902 conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold 1873:1902 conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold 1873:1902 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 5 72 theme higher 986:991 arg1 composites 1005:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 5 72 theme higher 986:991 arg1 PAn-Cl 997:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 6 73 contain had 1029:1031 arg1 cells 1023:1027 PC-12 cells 1017:1027 PC-12 cells 1017:1027 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 6 73 contain had 1029:1031 arg2 aggregation 1059:1069 less aggregation 1054:1069 less aggregation 1054:1069 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 6 73 contain had 1029:1031 arg2 viability 1040:1048 higher viability 1033:1048 higher viability 1033:1048 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 3 74 from PAn-Cl 622:627 arg1 methods 662:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 7 75 theme PC-12 1189:1193 arg1 cells 1195:1199 PC-12 cells 1189:1199 PC-12 cells 1189:1199 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 11 76 theme different 1912:1920 arg1 types 1927:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 host different cell types 1907:1931 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 7 77 theme attachment 1175:1184 arg1 supportive 1146:1155 supportive 1146:1155 supportive 1146:1155 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 9 78 theme PC-12 1591:1595 arg1 cells 1597:1601 PC-12 cells 1591:1601 PC-12 cells 1591:1601 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 6 79 theme less 1054:1057 arg1 aggregation 1059:1069 less aggregation 1054:1069 less aggregation 1054:1069 PC-12 cells had higher viability and less aggregation when grown on conductive substrates. 30889665 10 80 theme outgrowth 1755:1763 arg1 extension 1725:1733 extension 1725:1733 extension 1725:1733 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 30889665 10 80 theme outgrowth 1755:1763 arg1 rate 1739:1742 rate 1739:1742 rate 1739:1742 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 30889665 4 81 theme types 812:816 arg1 growth 792:797 the growth 788:797 the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin) 788:887 Bionanocomposites supported the growth of both cell types independent of the availability of receptor-mediated ligands (laminin). 30889665 9 82 theme extensive 1615:1623 arg1 extension 1633:1641 extensive neurite extension 1615:1641 extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin 1615:1677 Nerve growth factor(NGF)-induced differentiation of PC-12 cells resulted in extensive neurite extension in the presence of adsorbed laminin. 30889665 3 83 theme processing 651:660 arg1 methods 662:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 11 84 theme scaffold 1895:1902 arg1 suitability 1858:1868 the suitability 1854:1868 the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types 1854:1931 Overall, this study demonstrates the suitability of conductive PAn-Cl/CHI scaffold to host different cell types and support their responses. 30889665 2 85 dep cells 394:398 arg1 electroresponsive 356:372 electroresponsive 356:372 electroresponsive 356:372 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 2 85 dep cells 394:398 arg1 progenitor 382:391 neural progenitor 375:391 neural progenitor 375:391 This study reports on controlled growth of two model cell lines, NIH/3T3 (promiscuous, fibroblast) and PC-12 (electroresponsive, neural progenitor) cells, given electrical and topographical cues that were delivered from a bionanocomposite of polyaniline-chloride and chitosan (PAn-Cl/CHI). 30889665 5 86 theme % 995:995 arg1 composites 1005:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites 927:1014 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 5 86 theme % 995:995 arg1 PAn-Cl 997:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 higher wt% PAn-Cl 986:1002 NIH/3T3 cells were less elongated on lyophilized (microporous-reticulated) and more conductive (higher wt% PAn-Cl) composites. 30889665 3 87 theme wt 615:616 arg1 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl 622:627 PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 622:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 87 theme wt 615:616 arg1 % 637:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 0-50 wt% 630:637 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 3 87 theme wt 615:616 arg1 % 617:617 the wt% 611:617 the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods 611:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 7 88 theme engineering 1280:1290 arg1 control 1292:1298 engineering control 1280:1298 engineering control 1280:1298 Air-dried bionanocomposites were more supportive of growth but not attachment of PC-12 cells, suggesting that processing of composites could provide an additional level of engineering control to alter the PC-12 cell attachment and growth. 30889665 8 89 theme PC-12 1359:1363 arg1 cells 1365:1369 PC-12 cells 1359:1369 PC-12 cells 1359:1369 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 3 90 theme CHI 643:645 arg1 methods 662:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 CHI and processing methods 643:668 The conductivity and morphology of the scaffold were controlled by varying the wt% of PAn-Cl (0-50 wt%) in CHI and processing methods, air-drying (nanofeatured) versus lyophilization (microporous-reticulated), respectively. 30889665 10 91 theme composition-dependent 1695:1715 arg1 manner 1717:1722 a substrate composition-dependent manner 1683:1722 a substrate composition-dependent manner 1683:1722 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 30889665 8 92 theme NIH/3T3 1447:1453 arg1 cells 1455:1459 NIH/3T3 cells 1447:1459 NIH/3T3 cells 1447:1459 In general, PC-12 cells responded more distinctly and dramatically to the substrate properties than NIH/3T3 cells, supporting a clear role for electrical conductivity on neural cell behavior. 30889665 10 93 theme neurite 1747:1753 arg1 outgrowth 1755:1763 neurite outgrowth 1747:1763 neurite outgrowth 1747:1763 In a substrate composition-dependent manner, extension and rate of neurite outgrowth were higher when cultured on the conductive substrates. 29571491 5 0 theme zein 721:724 arg1 concentration 704:716 concentration 704:716 concentration of zein 704:724 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 6 1 theme tougher 848:854 arg1 structure 856:864 a more elastic and tougher structure 829:864 a more elastic and tougher structure 829:864 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 7 2 theme simulated 1034:1042 arg1 conditions 1067:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 7 3 theme PGA-zein 947:954 arg1 hydrogel 966:973 the PGA-zein composite hydrogel 943:973 the PGA-zein composite hydrogel 943:973 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 3 4 dep pH 517:518 arg1 to 524:525 to 524:525 to 524:525 PGA and zein could form a gel induced by ethanol at pH ≥ 3.5, the stability, springiness, hardness and water holding capacity were decreased from pH 3.5 to 5.0. 29571491 7 5 theme gastrointestinal 1044:1059 arg1 conditions 1067:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 5 6 theme hydrogel 669:676 arg1 strength 627:634 strength 627:634 strength 627:634 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 5 6 theme hydrogel 669:676 arg1 springiness 640:650 springiness 640:650 springiness 640:650 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 6 7 theme elastic 836:842 arg1 structure 856:864 a more elastic and tougher structure 829:864 a more elastic and tougher structure 829:864 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 7 8 theme curcumin 1022:1029 arg1 release 1011:1017 the release 1007:1017 the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1007:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 2 9 theme different 271:279 arg1 ratios 286:291 different mass ratios 271:291 different mass ratios of PGA and zein 271:307 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 2 10 theme pH 264:265 arg1 effect 254:259 The effect 250:259 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel 250:351 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 3 11 theme holding 480:486 arg1 capacity 488:495 water holding capacity 474:495 water holding capacity 474:495 PGA and zein could form a gel induced by ethanol at pH ≥ 3.5, the stability, springiness, hardness and water holding capacity were decreased from pH 3.5 to 5.0. 29571491 4 12 theme porous 592:597 arg1 structure 599:607 porous structure 592:607 porous structure 592:607 The hydrogen-bonding association was enhanced at pH 3.5 and porous structure was observed. 29571491 0 13 theme composite 16:24 arg1 hydrogel 26:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 0:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 0:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 2 14 theme PGA 296:298 arg1 ratios 286:291 different mass ratios 271:291 different mass ratios of PGA and zein 271:307 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 2 14 theme PGA 296:298 arg1 pH 264:265 pH 264:265 pH 264:265 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 1 15 theme edible 188:193 arg1 biopolymers 195:205 two edible biopolymers 184:205 two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein 184:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 15 theme edible 188:193 arg1 glycol 218:223 propylene glycol alginate 208:232 propylene glycol alginate (PGA) 208:238 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 15 theme edible 188:193 arg1 zein 244:247 zein 244:247 zein 244:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 0 16 theme Ethanol-induced 0:14 arg1 hydrogel 26:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 0:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 0:33 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 2 17 theme hydrogel 344:351 arg1 properties 316:325 the properties 312:325 the properties of the composite hydrogel 312:351 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 6 18 from pH 892:893 arg1 ratios 882:887 other mass ratios 871:887 other mass ratios at pH 3.5 871:897 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 2 19 theme ratios 286:291 arg1 effect 254:259 The effect 250:259 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel 250:351 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 7 20 from release 1011:1017 arg1 conditions 1067:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 3 21 theme water 474:478 arg1 capacity 488:495 water holding capacity 474:495 water holding capacity 474:495 PGA and zein could form a gel induced by ethanol at pH ≥ 3.5, the stability, springiness, hardness and water holding capacity were decreased from pH 3.5 to 5.0. 29571491 6 22 theme composite 800:808 arg1 hydrogel 810:817 the composite hydrogel 796:817 the composite hydrogel 796:817 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 2 23 theme mass 281:284 arg1 ratios 286:291 different mass ratios 271:291 different mass ratios of PGA and zein 271:307 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 2 24 from effect 254:259 arg1 properties 316:325 the properties 312:325 the properties of the composite hydrogel 312:351 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 1 25 theme propylene 208:216 arg1 biopolymers 195:205 two edible biopolymers 184:205 two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein 184:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 25 theme propylene 208:216 arg1 glycol 218:223 propylene glycol alginate 208:232 propylene glycol alginate (PGA) 208:238 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 25 theme propylene 208:216 arg1 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 0 26 theme propylene 44:52 arg1 glycol 54:59 propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application 44:122 propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application 44:122 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 5 27 theme PGA/zein 736:743 arg1 5:1 760:762 5:1 760:762 5:1 760:762 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 5 27 theme PGA/zein 736:743 arg1 ratio 750:754 the PGA/zein mass ratio 732:754 the PGA/zein mass ratio 732:754 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 5 28 theme composite 659:667 arg1 hydrogel 669:676 the composite hydrogel 655:676 the composite hydrogel 655:676 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 0 29 dep glycol 54:59 arg1 characterization 91:106 characterization 91:106 characterization 91:106 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 0 29 dep glycol 54:59 arg1 Formation 80:88 Formation 80:88 Formation 80:88 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 0 29 dep glycol 54:59 arg1 alginate 61:68 alginate 61:68 alginate 61:68 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 0 29 dep glycol 54:59 arg1 zein 74:77 zein 74:77 zein 74:77 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 0 29 dep glycol 54:59 arg1 application 112:122 application 112:122 application 112:122 Ethanol-induced composite hydrogel based on propylene glycol alginate and zein: Formation, characterization and application. 29571491 1 30 theme alginate 225:232 arg1 biopolymers 195:205 two edible biopolymers 184:205 two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein 184:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 30 theme alginate 225:232 arg1 glycol 218:223 propylene glycol alginate 208:232 propylene glycol alginate (PGA) 208:238 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 30 theme alginate 225:232 arg1 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 5 31 theme mass 745:748 arg1 5:1 760:762 5:1 760:762 5:1 760:762 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 5 31 theme mass 745:748 arg1 ratio 750:754 the PGA/zein mass ratio 732:754 the PGA/zein mass ratio 732:754 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 5 32 dep strength 627:634 arg1 The 623:625 The 623:625 The 623:625 The strength and springiness of the composite hydrogel decreased with increasing concentration of zein until the PGA/zein mass ratio was 5:1. 29571491 7 33 theme composite 956:964 arg1 hydrogel 966:973 the PGA-zein composite hydrogel 943:973 the PGA-zein composite hydrogel 943:973 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 6 34 theme 5:1 791:793 arg1 ratio 782:786 PGA/zein mass ratio 768:786 PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1 768:793 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 7 35 theme great 982:986 arg1 ability 988:994 great ability 982:994 great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 982:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 4 36 theme hydrogen-bonding 536:551 arg1 association 553:563 The hydrogen-bonding association 532:563 The hydrogen-bonding association 532:563 The hydrogen-bonding association was enhanced at pH 3.5 and porous structure was observed. 29571491 6 37 theme other 871:875 arg1 ratios 882:887 other mass ratios 871:887 other mass ratios at pH 3.5 871:897 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 1 38 theme composite 149:157 arg1 hydrogel 159:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 39 dep biopolymers 195:205 arg1 biopolymers 195:205 two edible biopolymers 184:205 two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein 184:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 39 dep biopolymers 195:205 arg1 glycol 218:223 propylene glycol alginate 208:232 propylene glycol alginate (PGA) 208:238 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 39 dep biopolymers 195:205 arg1 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 PGA 235:237 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 39 dep biopolymers 195:205 arg1 zein 244:247 zein 244:247 zein 244:247 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 1 40 theme novel 127:131 arg1 hydrogel 159:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 7 41 theme PGA 929:931 arg1 hydrogel 933:940 the PGA hydrogel 925:940 the PGA hydrogel 925:940 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 6 42 theme mass 777:780 arg1 ratio 782:786 PGA/zein mass ratio 768:786 PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1 768:793 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 1 43 theme ethanol-induced 133:147 arg1 hydrogel 159:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel 125:166 A novel ethanol-induced composite hydrogel was prepared by two edible biopolymers: propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and zein. 29571491 2 44 theme zein 304:307 arg1 ratios 286:291 different mass ratios 271:291 different mass ratios of PGA and zein 271:307 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 2 44 theme zein 304:307 arg1 pH 264:265 pH 264:265 pH 264:265 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 6 45 theme PGA/zein 768:775 arg1 ratio 782:786 PGA/zein mass ratio 768:786 PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1 768:793 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29571491 2 46 theme composite 334:342 arg1 hydrogel 344:351 the composite hydrogel 330:351 the composite hydrogel 330:351 The effect of pH and different mass ratios of PGA and zein on the properties of the composite hydrogel was investigated. 29571491 7 47 theme tract 1061:1065 arg1 conditions 1067:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1034:1076 Meanwhile, compared with the PGA hydrogel, the PGA-zein composite hydrogel showed great ability to sustain the release of curcumin in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 29571491 6 48 theme mass 877:880 arg1 ratios 882:887 other mass ratios 871:887 other mass ratios at pH 3.5 871:897 At PGA/zein mass ratio of 5:1, the composite hydrogel exhibited a more elastic and tougher structure than other mass ratios at pH 3.5. 29948539 0 0 theme Cu 78:79 arg1 removal 85:91 Cu(II) removal 78:91 Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 78:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 6 1 theme nitrogen-rich 948:960 arg1 groups 962:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 4 2 theme various 665:671 arg1 means 673:677 various means 665:677 various means 665:677 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 1 3 theme alginate 129:136 arg1 hydrogel 138:145 sodium alginate hydrogel 122:145 sodium alginate hydrogel 122:145 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 1 4 theme new 211:213 arg1 type 215:218 a new type 209:218 a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 209:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 8 5 theme isotherm 1208:1215 arg1 model 1217:1221 the Langmuir isotherm model 1195:1221 the Langmuir isotherm model 1195:1221 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 10 6 theme promising 1419:1427 arg1 MCSB 1385:1388 the MCSB 1381:1388 the MCSB in this study 1381:1402 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 10 6 theme promising 1419:1427 arg1 composite 1429:1437 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 3 7 theme isotherm 447:454 arg1 models 456:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models were employed to investigate the adsorption process. 29948539 10 8 from composite 1429:1437 arg1 conclusion 1369:1378 conclusion 1369:1378 conclusion 1369:1378 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 10 9 from applications 1485:1496 arg1 course 1505:1510 due course 1501:1510 due course 1501:1510 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 4 10 theme adsorption 732:741 arg1 mechanism 743:751 the adsorption mechanism 728:751 the adsorption mechanism 728:751 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 6 11 theme groups 962:967 arg1 amount 938:943 a considerable amount 923:943 a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups 923:967 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 6 11 theme groups 962:967 arg1 groups 962:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 2 12 from candidate 384:392 arg1 application 411:421 environmental application 397:421 environmental application 397:421 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 10 13 theme novel 1409:1413 arg1 MCSB 1385:1388 the MCSB 1381:1388 the MCSB in this study 1381:1402 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 10 13 theme novel 1409:1413 arg1 composite 1429:1437 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 2 14 theme Cu 309:310 arg1 removal 298:304 Adsorptive removal 287:304 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions 287:337 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 1 15 theme magnetic 223:230 arg1 MCSB 267:270 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 5 16 theme 12.5 emu/g 844:853 arg1 magnetization 827:839 a saturation magnetization 814:839 a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 814:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 6 17 theme copper 1000:1005 arg1 adsorption 1007:1016 copper adsorption 1000:1016 copper adsorption onto gel beads 1000:1031 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 4 18 theme mechanism 743:751 arg1 analysis 716:723 a comprehensive analysis 700:723 a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism 700:751 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 2 19 theme aqueous 321:327 arg1 solutions 329:337 aqueous solutions 321:337 aqueous solutions 321:337 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 0 20 theme chitosan/sodium 9:23 arg1 bead 38:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 6 21 theme Elemental 856:864 arg1 analysis 866:873 Elemental analysis 856:873 Elemental analysis 856:873 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 5 22 with performance 797:807 arg1 magnetization 827:839 a saturation magnetization 814:839 a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 814:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 7 23 theme necessary 1051:1059 arg1 time 1046:1049 The contact time 1034:1049 The contact time necessary for adsorption 1034:1074 The contact time necessary for adsorption was optimized at 120 min to achieve equilibrium. 29948539 4 24 theme comprehensive 702:714 arg1 analysis 716:723 a comprehensive analysis 700:723 a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism 700:751 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 10 25 theme due 1501:1503 arg1 course 1505:1510 due course 1501:1510 due course 1501:1510 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 4 26 theme vibration 637:645 arg1 magnetometer 647:658 vibration magnetometer 637:658 vibration magnetometer 637:658 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 0 27 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 bead 38:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 1 28 theme chitosan/sodium 232:246 arg1 MCSB 267:270 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 10 29 theme adsorbent 1439:1447 arg1 MCSB 1385:1388 the MCSB 1381:1388 the MCSB in this study 1381:1402 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 10 29 theme adsorbent 1439:1447 arg1 composite 1429:1437 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 a novel and promising composite adsorbent 1407:1447 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 0 30 theme gel 34:36 arg1 bead 38:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 1 31 theme alginate 248:255 arg1 MCSB 267:270 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 0 32 theme aqueous 98:104 arg1 solution 106:113 aqueous solution 98:113 aqueous solution 98:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 3 33 theme adsorption 496:505 arg1 process 507:513 the adsorption process 492:513 the adsorption process 492:513 Different kinetics and isotherm models were employed to investigate the adsorption process. 29948539 0 34 theme alginate 25:32 arg1 bead 38:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead 0:41 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 1 35 theme gel 257:259 arg1 MCSB 267:270 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 3 36 theme kinetics 434:441 arg1 models 456:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models were employed to investigate the adsorption process. 29948539 4 37 theme electron 590:597 arg1 microscope 599:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 2 38 theme environmental 397:409 arg1 application 411:421 environmental application 397:421 environmental application 397:421 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 1 39 theme bead 261:264 arg1 MCSB 267:270 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 223:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 1 40 with combination 163:173 arg1 chitosan 180:187 chitosan 180:187 chitosan 180:187 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 1 40 with combination 163:173 arg1 Fe3O4 202:206 magnetic Fe3O4 193:206 magnetic Fe3O4 193:206 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 4 41 dep transform 533:541 arg1 infrared 543:550 infrared 543:550 transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization 533:697 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 9 42 theme MCSB 1314:1317 arg1 capacity 1302:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1267:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) 1267:1328 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) could reach as high as 124.53 mg/g. 29948539 8 43 theme Langmuir 1199:1206 arg1 model 1217:1221 the Langmuir isotherm model 1195:1221 the Langmuir isotherm model 1195:1221 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 8 44 theme kinetics 1251:1258 arg1 model 1260:1264 the pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1227:1264 the pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1227:1264 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 10 45 from MCSB 1385:1388 arg1 study 1398:1402 this study 1393:1402 this study 1393:1402 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 4 46 dep Fourier 525:531 arg1 transform 533:541 transform 533:541 transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization 533:697 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 5 47 theme good 783:786 arg1 performance 797:807 a good magnetic performance 781:807 a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 781:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 5 48 theme saturation 816:825 arg1 magnetization 827:839 a saturation magnetization 814:839 a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 814:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 0 49 theme novel 48:52 arg1 composite 54:62 a novel composite 46:62 a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 46:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 1 50 theme MCSB 267:270 arg1 type 215:218 a new type 209:218 a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) 209:271 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 7 51 theme contact 1038:1044 arg1 time 1046:1049 The contact time 1034:1049 The contact time necessary for adsorption 1034:1074 The contact time necessary for adsorption was optimized at 120 min to achieve equilibrium. 29948539 5 52 contain had 777:779 arg2 performance 797:807 a good magnetic performance 781:807 a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 781:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 5 52 contain had 777:779 arg1 MCSB 772:775 The MCSB 768:775 The MCSB 768:775 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 3 53 theme Different 424:432 arg1 models 456:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models 424:461 Different kinetics and isotherm models were employed to investigate the adsorption process. 29948539 2 54 theme promising 374:382 arg1 candidate 384:392 a promising candidate 372:392 a promising candidate in environmental application 372:421 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 2 54 theme promising 374:382 arg1 MCSB 364:367 the MCSB 360:367 the MCSB 360:367 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 10 55 theme practical 1475:1483 arg1 applications 1485:1496 practical applications 1475:1496 practical applications in due course 1475:1510 In conclusion, the MCSB in this study is a novel and promising composite adsorbent, which can be applied for practical applications in due course. 29948539 9 56 theme theoretical 1271:1281 arg1 capacity 1302:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1267:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) 1267:1328 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) could reach as high as 124.53 mg/g. 29948539 0 57 dep bead 38:41 arg1 composite 54:62 a novel composite 46:62 a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 46:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 2 58 from solutions 329:337 arg1 removal 298:304 Adsorptive removal 287:304 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions 287:337 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 2 59 theme Adsorptive 287:296 arg1 removal 298:304 Adsorptive removal 287:304 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions 287:337 Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using the MCSB as a promising candidate in environmental application. 29948539 8 60 theme Experimental 1125:1136 arg1 data 1138:1141 Experimental data 1125:1141 Experimental data 1125:1141 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 8 61 theme adsorption 1159:1168 arg1 process 1170:1176 the adsorption process 1155:1176 the adsorption process 1155:1176 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 6 62 theme gel 1023:1025 arg1 beads 1027:1031 gel beads 1023:1031 gel beads 1023:1031 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 1 63 theme magnetic 193:200 arg1 Fe3O4 202:206 magnetic Fe3O4 193:206 magnetic Fe3O4 193:206 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 9 64 theme adsorption 1291:1300 arg1 capacity 1302:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1267:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) 1267:1328 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) could reach as high as 124.53 mg/g. 29948539 4 65 theme characterization 682:697 arg1 means 673:677 various means 665:677 various means 665:677 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 4 65 theme characterization 682:697 arg1 analysis 627:634 CHNS/O elements analysis 611:634 CHNS/O elements analysis 611:634 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 4 65 theme characterization 682:697 arg1 magnetometer 647:658 vibration magnetometer 637:658 vibration magnetometer 637:658 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 4 65 theme characterization 682:697 arg1 microscope 599:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 4 65 theme characterization 682:697 arg1 spectroscopy 552:563 spectroscopy 552:563 spectroscopy 552:563 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 0 66 from solution 106:113 arg1 removal 85:91 Cu(II) removal 78:91 Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 78:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 0 67 theme adsorbent 64:72 arg1 composite 54:62 a novel composite 46:62 a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution 46:113 Magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead as a novel composite adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution. 29948539 9 68 theme maximum 1283:1289 arg1 capacity 1302:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity 1267:1309 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) 1267:1328 The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of MCSB for Cu(II) could reach as high as 124.53 mg/g. 29948539 4 69 theme elements 618:625 arg1 analysis 627:634 CHNS/O elements analysis 611:634 CHNS/O elements analysis 611:634 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 4 70 theme scanning 581:588 arg1 microscope 599:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29948539 8 71 theme pseudo-second-order 1231:1249 arg1 model 1260:1264 the pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1227:1264 the pseudo-second-order kinetics model 1227:1264 Experimental data showed that the adsorption process agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. 29948539 6 72 theme chitosan 903:910 arg1 addition 891:898 the addition 887:898 the addition of chitosan 887:910 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 5 73 theme magnetic 788:795 arg1 performance 797:807 a good magnetic performance 781:807 a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g 781:853 The MCSB had a good magnetic performance with a saturation magnetization of 12.5 emu/g. 29948539 1 74 theme sodium 122:127 arg1 hydrogel 138:145 sodium alginate hydrogel 122:145 sodium alginate hydrogel 122:145 Using sodium alginate hydrogel as skeleton, in combination with chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4, a new type of magnetic chitosan/sodium alginate gel bead (MCSB) was prepared. 29948539 6 75 theme considerable 925:936 arg1 amount 938:943 a considerable amount 923:943 a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups 923:967 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 6 75 theme considerable 925:936 arg1 groups 962:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 nitrogen-rich groups 948:967 Elemental analysis proved that the addition of chitosan introduced a considerable amount of nitrogen-rich groups, contributing significantly to copper adsorption onto gel beads. 29948539 4 76 theme field-emission 566:579 arg1 microscope 599:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 field-emission scanning electron microscope 566:608 Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, CHNS/O elements analysis, vibration magnetometer, and various means of characterization, a comprehensive analysis of the adsorption mechanism was conducted. 29683359 4 0 theme β-furanoarabinoside 511:529 arg1 occurrence 497:506 the natural occurrence 485:506 the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside 485:529 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 4 1 theme occurrence 497:506 arg1 This 457:460 This 457:460 This 457:460 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 4 1 theme occurrence 497:506 arg1 report 475:480 the first report 465:480 the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside 465:529 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 2 2 dep 1D 300:301 arg1 NMR 310:312 NMR 310:312 NMR 310:312 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 3 3 theme compound 372:379 arg1 landscape 396:404 the compound conformational landscape 368:404 the compound conformational landscape 368:404 Supporting theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape has also been conducted for geometry optimization. 29683359 4 4 theme natural 489:495 arg1 occurrence 497:506 the natural occurrence 485:506 the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside 485:529 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 0 5 from baicalensis 67:77 arg1 flavones 18:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones 0:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities 0:116 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 5 6 theme COX-2 622:626 arg1 levels 628:633 COX-2 levels 622:633 COX-2 levels 622:633 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 6 7 theme inhibitory 757:766 arg1 effects 768:774 significant inhibitory effects 745:774 significant inhibitory effects 745:774 The pair of isomers exhibited significant inhibitory effects on inflammation. 29683359 1 8 theme Scutellaria 186:196 arg1 baicalensis 198:208 Scutellaria baicalensis 186:208 Scutellaria baicalensis 186:208 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 1 9 attach isolated 172:179 arg2 di-C-glycosides 131:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 1 9 attach isolated 172:179 arg1 baicalensis 198:208 Scutellaria baicalensis 186:208 Scutellaria baicalensis 186:208 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 1 9 attach isolated 172:179 arg2 pair 150:153 a pair 148:153 a pair of isomers 148:164 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 0 10 theme 6,8-di-C-glycosyl 0:16 arg1 flavones 18:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones 0:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities 0:116 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 1 11 theme flavone 123:129 arg1 di-C-glycosides 131:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 1 11 theme flavone 123:129 arg1 pair 150:153 a pair 148:153 a pair of isomers 148:164 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 3 12 theme conformational 381:394 arg1 landscape 396:404 the compound conformational landscape 368:404 the compound conformational landscape 368:404 Supporting theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape has also been conducted for geometry optimization. 29683359 5 13 theme pro-inflammatory 585:600 arg1 cytokines 602:610 pro-inflammatory cytokines 585:610 pro-inflammatory cytokines 585:610 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 3 14 theme landscape 396:404 arg1 calculations 352:363 theoretical calculations 340:363 theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape 340:404 Supporting theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape has also been conducted for geometry optimization. 29683359 4 15 theme first 469:473 arg1 This 457:460 This 457:460 This 457:460 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 4 15 theme first 469:473 arg1 report 475:480 the first report 465:480 the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside 465:529 This is the first report of the natural occurrence of β-furanoarabinoside. 29683359 0 16 theme Scutellaria 55:65 arg1 baicalensis 67:77 Scutellaria baicalensis 55:77 Scutellaria baicalensis 55:77 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 0 17 from activities 107:116 arg1 flavones 18:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones 0:25 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities 0:116 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 3 18 theme geometry 434:441 arg1 optimization 443:454 geometry optimization 434:454 geometry optimization 434:454 Supporting theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape has also been conducted for geometry optimization. 29683359 5 19 theme compounds 560:568 arg1 effects 549:555 the effects 545:555 the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels 545:633 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 2 20 theme 2 245:245 arg1 structures 215:224 The structures 211:224 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 211:245 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 5 21 theme -stimulated 676:686 arg1 cells 708:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 0 22 with flavones 18:25 arg1 β-furanoarabinose 32:48 β-furanoarabinose 32:48 β-furanoarabinose 32:48 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 5 23 theme RAW264.7 688:695 arg1 cells 708:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 2 24 theme compounds 229:237 arg1 structures 215:224 The structures 211:224 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 211:245 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 2 25 theme physical 275:282 arg1 2D 307:308 2D 307:308 2D 307:308 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 2 25 theme physical 275:282 arg1 data 284:287 physical data 275:287 physical data 275:287 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 2 25 theme physical 275:282 arg1 1D 300:301 1D 300:301 1D 300:301 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 2 25 theme physical 275:282 arg1 HR-ESI-MS 318:326 HR-ESI-MS 318:326 HR-ESI-MS 318:326 The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by means of physical data, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. 29683359 5 26 theme 2 576:576 arg1 effects 549:555 the effects 545:555 the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels 545:633 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 5 27 theme macrophage 697:706 arg1 cells 708:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells 652:712 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 6 28 theme significant 745:755 arg1 effects 768:774 significant inhibitory effects 745:774 significant inhibitory effects 745:774 The pair of isomers exhibited significant inhibitory effects on inflammation. 29683359 1 29 theme isomers 158:164 arg1 di-C-glycosides 131:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides 119:145 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 1 29 theme isomers 158:164 arg1 pair 150:153 a pair 148:153 a pair of isomers 148:164 Two flavone di-C-glycosides, a pair of isomers, were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis. 29683359 5 30 from effects 549:555 arg1 PGE2 613:616 PGE2 613:616 PGE2 613:616 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 5 30 from effects 549:555 arg1 levels 628:633 COX-2 levels 622:633 COX-2 levels 622:633 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 5 30 from effects 549:555 arg1 cytokines 602:610 pro-inflammatory cytokines 585:610 pro-inflammatory cytokines 585:610 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 5 30 from effects 549:555 arg1 NO 581:582 NO 581:582 NO 581:582 In addition, the effects of compounds 1 and 2 on NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and COX-2 levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. 29683359 0 31 theme anti-inflammatory 89:105 arg1 activities 107:116 their anti-inflammatory activities 83:116 their anti-inflammatory activities 83:116 6,8-di-C-glycosyl flavones with β-furanoarabinose from Scutellaria baicalensis and their anti-inflammatory activities. 29683359 3 32 theme theoretical 340:350 arg1 calculations 352:363 theoretical calculations 340:363 theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape 340:404 Supporting theoretical calculations of the compound conformational landscape has also been conducted for geometry optimization. 29683359 6 33 theme isomers 727:733 arg1 pair 719:722 The pair 715:722 The pair of isomers 715:733 The pair of isomers exhibited significant inhibitory effects on inflammation. 31279100 0 0 theme cell 98:101 arg1 lines 103:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 8 1 theme scaffold 1031:1038 arg1 cultures 1040:1047 CA scaffold cultures 1028:1047 CA scaffold cultures 1028:1047 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 2 theme mineralized 941:951 arg1 lines 919:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines 898:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media 898:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 2 theme mineralized 941:951 arg1 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 2 theme mineralized 941:951 arg1 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 6 3 theme multicellular 764:776 arg1 spheroids 778:786 multicellular spheroids 764:786 multicellular spheroids 764:786 The PC-3 cells formed cell clusters while the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells formed multicellular spheroids. 31279100 8 4 dep demonstrating 1009:1021 arg1 did 1000:1002 did 1000:1002 did not 1000:1006 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 0 5 theme cancer 91:96 arg1 lines 103:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 4 6 theme single 466:471 arg1 composition 482:492 only a single scaffold composition 459:492 only a single scaffold composition 459:492 However, only a single scaffold composition was studied. 31279100 9 7 theme 3D 1112:1113 arg1 platform 1123:1130 a 3D culture platform 1110:1130 a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression 1110:1258 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 9 7 theme 3D 1112:1113 arg1 scaffolds 1096:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 6 8 theme cell 711:714 arg1 clusters 716:723 cell clusters 711:723 cell clusters 711:723 The PC-3 cells formed cell clusters while the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells formed multicellular spheroids. 31279100 5 9 theme cell 635:638 arg1 response 640:647 PCa cell response 631:647 PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines 631:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 10 theme porous 532:537 arg1 scaffolds 542:550 3D porous CA scaffolds 529:550 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) 529:568 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 10 theme porous 532:537 arg1 % 567:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 8 11 theme basal 956:960 arg1 media 962:966 basal media 956:966 basal media 956:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 3 12 theme tissue 349:354 arg1 engineering 356:366 bone tissue engineering 344:366 bone tissue engineering 344:366 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 5 13 used used 575:578 arg2 compositions 513:524 Three compositions 507:524 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) 507:568 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 10 14 theme primary 1349:1355 arg1 culture 1366:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 8 15 theme osteoblastic 902:913 arg1 lines 919:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines 898:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media 898:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 15 theme osteoblastic 902:913 arg1 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 15 theme osteoblastic 902:913 arg1 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 3 16 theme cells 443:447 arg1 enrichment 417:426 enrichment 417:426 enrichment of cancer stem cells 417:447 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 3 16 theme cells 443:447 arg1 culture 389:395 culture 389:395 culture of cancer cells 389:411 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 3 17 theme CA 311:312 arg1 scaffolds 315:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 8 18 theme PCa 915:917 arg1 lines 919:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines 898:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media 898:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 18 theme PCa 915:917 arg1 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 18 theme PCa 915:917 arg1 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 2 19 theme metastatic 245:254 arg1 site 256:259 the most common metastatic site 229:259 the most common metastatic site 229:259 Most PCa patients die from metastasis and bone is the most common metastatic site. 31279100 7 20 theme cell 845:848 arg1 growth 850:855 stiffness independent cell growth 823:855 stiffness independent cell growth 823:855 The three cell lines demonstrated stiffness independent cell growth and expressed phenotypic PCa biomarkers. 31279100 1 21 theme death 154:158 arg1 cause 145:149 a leading cause 135:149 a leading cause of death for men worldwide 135:176 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 1 21 theme death 154:158 arg1 cancer 119:124 Prostate cancer 110:124 Prostate cancer (PCa) 110:130 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 8 22 theme PCa 1073:1075 arg1 phenotypes 1077:1086 PCa phenotypes 1073:1086 PCa phenotypes 1073:1086 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 5 23 theme 3D 529:530 arg1 scaffolds 542:550 3D porous CA scaffolds 529:550 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) 529:568 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 23 theme 3D 529:530 arg1 % 567:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 2 24 theme common 238:243 arg1 site 256:259 the most common metastatic site 229:259 the most common metastatic site 229:259 Most PCa patients die from metastasis and bone is the most common metastatic site. 31279100 8 25 dep lines 919:923 arg1 lines 919:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines 898:923 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media 898:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 25 dep lines 919:923 arg1 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 22Rv1 935:939 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 8 25 dep lines 919:923 arg1 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 C4-2B 925:929 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 3 26 theme cells 407:411 arg1 enrichment 417:426 enrichment 417:426 enrichment of cancer stem cells 417:447 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 3 26 theme cells 407:411 arg1 culture 389:395 culture 389:395 culture of cancer cells 389:411 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 0 27 theme porous 3:8 arg1 stiffness 37:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 3 28 theme porous 285:290 arg1 scaffolds 315:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 3 29 theme chitosan-alginate 292:308 arg1 scaffolds 315:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 8 30 theme PC-3 990:993 arg1 line 995:998 the osteolytic PC-3 line 975:998 the osteolytic PC-3 line 975:998 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 1 31 theme men 164:166 arg1 worldwide 168:176 men worldwide 164:176 men worldwide 164:176 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 0 32 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 stiffness 37:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 9 33 theme metastatic 1237:1246 arg1 progression 1248:1258 metastatic progression 1237:1258 metastatic progression 1237:1258 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 5 34 theme CA 539:540 arg1 scaffolds 542:550 3D porous CA scaffolds 529:550 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) 529:568 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 34 theme CA 539:540 arg1 % 567:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 2, 4, and 6 wt% 553:567 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 9 35 theme phenotypic 1161:1170 arg1 expression 1172:1181 phenotypic expression 1161:1181 phenotypic expression 1161:1181 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 10 36 theme cell 1361:1364 arg1 culture 1366:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 0 37 theme scaffold 28:35 arg1 stiffness 37:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 9 38 theme progression 1248:1258 arg1 stages 1227:1232 stages 1227:1232 stages of metastatic progression 1227:1258 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 5 39 theme scaffold 609:616 arg1 stiffness 618:626 scaffold stiffness 609:626 scaffold stiffness 609:626 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 40 theme scaffolds 542:550 arg1 compositions 513:524 Three compositions 507:524 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) 507:568 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 1 41 theme Prostate 110:117 arg1 cause 145:149 a leading cause 135:149 a leading cause of death for men worldwide 135:176 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 1 41 theme Prostate 110:117 arg1 PCa 127:129 PCa 127:129 PCa 127:129 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 1 41 theme Prostate 110:117 arg1 cancer 119:124 Prostate cancer 110:124 Prostate cancer (PCa) 110:130 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 7 42 theme phenotypic 871:880 arg1 biomarkers 886:895 phenotypic PCa biomarkers 871:895 phenotypic PCa biomarkers 871:895 The three cell lines demonstrated stiffness independent cell growth and expressed phenotypic PCa biomarkers. 31279100 10 43 theme cells 1322:1326 arg1 co-culture 1304:1313 co-culture 1304:1313 co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture 1304:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 0 44 theme chitosan-alginate 10:26 arg1 stiffness 37:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness 0:45 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 8 45 from mineralized 941:951 arg1 media 962:966 basal media 956:966 basal media 956:966 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 5 46 theme stiffness 618:626 arg1 effect 599:604 the effect 595:604 the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines 595:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 10 47 theme PCa 1318:1320 arg1 cells 1322:1326 PCa cells 1318:1326 PCa cells 1318:1326 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 3 48 theme cancer 431:436 arg1 cells 443:447 cancer stem cells 431:447 cancer stem cells 431:447 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 5 49 theme 22Rv1 671:675 arg1 lines 682:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 9 50 with expression 1172:1181 arg1 stiffness 1208:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 8 51 theme osteolytic 979:988 arg1 line 995:998 the osteolytic PC-3 line 975:998 the osteolytic PC-3 line 975:998 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 3 52 theme cancer 400:405 arg1 cells 407:411 cancer cells 400:411 cancer cells 400:411 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 10 53 with co-culture 1304:1313 arg1 culture 1366:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 10 53 with co-culture 1304:1313 arg1 fibroblasts 1333:1343 fibroblasts 1333:1343 fibroblasts 1333:1343 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 5 54 theme PCa 631:633 arg1 response 640:647 PCa cell response 631:647 PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines 631:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 6 55 theme 22Rv1 745:749 arg1 cells 751:755 the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells 731:755 the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells 731:755 The PC-3 cells formed cell clusters while the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells formed multicellular spheroids. 31279100 10 56 theme Further 1261:1267 arg1 investigation 1269:1281 Further investigation 1261:1281 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture 1261:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 8 57 from media 962:966 arg1 mineralized 941:951 mineralized 941:951 mineralized 941:951 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 4 58 theme scaffold 473:480 arg1 composition 482:492 only a single scaffold composition 459:492 only a single scaffold composition 459:492 However, only a single scaffold composition was studied. 31279100 9 59 theme CA 1093:1094 arg1 platform 1123:1130 a 3D culture platform 1110:1130 a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression 1110:1258 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 9 59 theme CA 1093:1094 arg1 scaffolds 1096:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 9 60 theme PCa 1146:1148 arg1 growth 1150:1155 PCa growth 1146:1155 PCa growth 1146:1155 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 9 61 theme culture 1115:1121 arg1 platform 1123:1130 a 3D culture platform 1110:1130 a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression 1110:1258 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 9 61 theme culture 1115:1121 arg1 scaffolds 1096:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds 1089:1104 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 0 62 theme differential 56:67 arg1 responses 69:77 differential responses 56:77 differential responses 56:77 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 3 63 theme 3D 281:282 arg1 scaffolds 315:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 6 64 theme C4-2B 735:739 arg1 cells 751:755 the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells 731:755 the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells 731:755 The PC-3 cells formed cell clusters while the C4-2B and 22Rv1 cells formed multicellular spheroids. 31279100 5 65 with response 640:647 arg1 lines 682:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 65 with response 640:647 arg1 C4-2B 660:664 C4-2B 660:664 C4-2B 660:664 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 5 65 with response 640:647 arg1 PC-3 654:657 PC-3 654:657 PC-3 654:657 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 9 66 theme adjustable 1188:1197 arg1 stiffness 1208:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 10 67 theme PCa 1357:1359 arg1 culture 1366:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 primary PCa cell culture 1349:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 7 68 theme independent 833:843 arg1 growth 850:855 stiffness independent cell growth 823:855 stiffness independent cell growth 823:855 The three cell lines demonstrated stiffness independent cell growth and expressed phenotypic PCa biomarkers. 31279100 2 69 theme PCa 184:186 arg1 patients 188:195 Most PCa patients 179:195 Most PCa patients 179:195 Most PCa patients die from metastasis and bone is the most common metastatic site. 31279100 7 70 theme PCa 882:884 arg1 biomarkers 886:895 phenotypic PCa biomarkers 871:895 phenotypic PCa biomarkers 871:895 The three cell lines demonstrated stiffness independent cell growth and expressed phenotypic PCa biomarkers. 31279100 3 71 theme stem 438:441 arg1 cells 443:447 cancer stem cells 431:447 cancer stem cells 431:447 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 5 72 from effect 599:604 arg1 response 640:647 PCa cell response 631:647 PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines 631:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 3 73 theme dimensional 268:278 arg1 scaffolds 315:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds 262:323 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31279100 2 74 theme Most 179:182 arg1 patients 188:195 Most PCa patients 179:195 Most PCa patients 179:195 Most PCa patients die from metastasis and bone is the most common metastatic site. 31279100 10 75 theme scaffolds 1290:1298 arg1 investigation 1269:1281 Further investigation 1261:1281 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture 1261:1372 Further investigation of the scaffolds for co-culture of PCa cells with fibroblasts and primary PCa cell culture should be conducted to develop a platform for screening chemotherapies. 31279100 1 76 theme leading 137:143 arg1 cause 145:149 a leading cause 135:149 a leading cause of death for men worldwide 135:176 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 1 76 theme leading 137:143 arg1 cancer 119:124 Prostate cancer 110:124 Prostate cancer (PCa) 110:130 Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death for men worldwide. 31279100 9 77 with growth 1150:1155 arg1 stiffness 1208:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 0 78 theme prostate 82:89 arg1 lines 103:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 prostate cancer cell lines 82:107 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffold stiffness promotes differential responses in prostate cancer cell lines. 31279100 8 79 from differences 1058:1068 arg1 phenotypes 1077:1086 PCa phenotypes 1073:1086 PCa phenotypes 1073:1086 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 7 80 theme cell 799:802 arg1 lines 804:808 The three cell lines 789:808 The three cell lines 789:808 The three cell lines demonstrated stiffness independent cell growth and expressed phenotypic PCa biomarkers. 31279100 8 81 theme CA 1028:1029 arg1 cultures 1040:1047 CA scaffold cultures 1028:1047 CA scaffold cultures 1028:1047 The osteoblastic PCa lines C4-2B and 22Rv1 mineralized in basal media, while the osteolytic PC-3 line did not, demonstrating that CA scaffold cultures revealed differences in PCa phenotypes. 31279100 9 82 theme scaffold 1199:1206 arg1 stiffness 1208:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 adjustable scaffold stiffness 1188:1216 The CA scaffolds are a 3D culture platform that supports PCa growth and phenotypic expression with adjustable scaffold stiffness to mimic stages of metastatic progression. 31279100 5 83 theme cell 677:680 arg1 lines 682:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 22Rv1 cell lines 671:686 Three compositions of 3D porous CA scaffolds (2, 4, and 6 wt%) were used to investigate the effect of scaffold stiffness on PCa cell response with PC-3, C4-2B, and 22Rv1 cell lines. 31279100 3 84 theme bone 344:347 arg1 engineering 356:366 bone tissue engineering 344:366 bone tissue engineering 344:366 Three dimensional (3D) porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds were developed for bone tissue engineering and demonstrated for culture of cancer cells and enrichment of cancer stem cells. 31582080 8 0 contain have 1041:1044 arg2 potentiality 1052:1063 great potentiality 1046:1063 great potentiality 1046:1063 GTs have great potentiality in improving the properties of chitosan fiber. 31582080 8 0 contain have 1041:1044 arg1 GTs 1037:1039 GTs 1037:1039 GTs 1037:1039 GTs have great potentiality in improving the properties of chitosan fiber. 31582080 1 1 theme solution 253:260 arg1 spinning 262:269 blended solution spinning 245:269 blended solution spinning 245:269 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 0 2 theme fluorescence 82:93 arg1 properties 95:104 improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties 46:104 properties 95:104 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 1 3 theme functional 159:168 arg1 components 170:179 functional components 159:179 functional components 159:179 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 1 3 theme functional 159:168 arg1 extracts 115:122 Natural extracts 107:122 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) 107:144 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 4 4 theme acid 510:513 arg1 solution 491:498 aqueous solution 483:498 aqueous solution of acetic acid 483:513 Chitosan and GTs were blended in aqueous solution of acetic acid to spin the composite fiber. 31582080 5 5 theme blended 659:665 arg1 solution 667:674 blended solution 659:674 blended solution 659:674 The results indicated that CS/GTs fiber can be easily prepared due to the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution. 31582080 6 6 with fiber 719:723 arg1 GTs 734:736 10% GTs 730:736 10% GTs 730:736 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 7 7 theme fluorescent 983:993 arg1 intensity 995:1003 red fluorescent intensity 979:1003 red fluorescent intensity 979:1003 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus increased from 49.0 to 99.7% and about double green and red fluorescent intensity were observed for CS/GTs fiber. 31582080 6 8 theme breaking 786:793 arg1 strength 795:802 higher dry, wet breaking strength 770:802 higher dry, wet breaking strength 770:802 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 2 9 theme great 291:295 arg1 potential 297:305 great potential 291:305 great potential 291:305 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 6 10 theme CS/GTs 712:717 arg1 fiber 719:723 CS/GTs fiber 712:723 CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs 712:736 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 6 11 dep dry 777:779 arg1 higher 770:775 higher 770:775 higher 770:775 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 6 11 dep dry 777:779 arg1 wet 782:784 wet 782:784 wet 782:784 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 1 12 used used 151:154 arg2 components 170:179 functional components 159:179 functional components 159:179 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 1 12 used used 151:154 arg2 extracts 115:122 Natural extracts 107:122 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) 107:144 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 0 13 theme tensile 55:61 arg1 properties 95:104 improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties 46:104 properties 95:104 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 3 14 theme mechanical 403:412 arg1 properties 414:423 the weak mechanical properties 394:423 the weak mechanical properties 394:423 However, the weak mechanical properties limited its application. 31582080 4 15 theme aqueous 483:489 arg1 solution 491:498 aqueous solution 483:498 aqueous solution of acetic acid 483:513 Chitosan and GTs were blended in aqueous solution of acetic acid to spin the composite fiber. 31582080 5 16 theme appropriate 618:628 arg1 characteristics 639:653 the appropriate rheology characteristics 614:653 the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution 614:674 The results indicated that CS/GTs fiber can be easily prepared due to the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution. 31582080 5 17 theme CS/GTs 571:576 arg1 fiber 578:582 CS/GTs fiber 571:582 CS/GTs fiber 571:582 The results indicated that CS/GTs fiber can be easily prepared due to the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution. 31582080 6 18 theme chitosan 696:703 arg1 fiber 705:709 pure chitosan fiber 691:709 pure chitosan fiber 691:709 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 5 19 theme rheology 630:637 arg1 characteristics 639:653 the appropriate rheology characteristics 614:653 the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution 614:674 The results indicated that CS/GTs fiber can be easily prepared due to the appropriate rheology characteristics for blended solution. 31582080 1 20 theme Natural 107:113 arg1 components 170:179 functional components 159:179 functional components 159:179 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 1 20 theme Natural 107:113 arg1 extracts 115:122 Natural extracts 107:122 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) 107:144 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 6 21 theme pure 691:694 arg1 fiber 705:709 pure chitosan fiber 691:709 pure chitosan fiber 691:709 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 1 22 theme chitosan/gallnut 192:207 arg1 CS/GTs 218:223 CS/GTs 218:223 CS/GTs 218:223 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 1 22 theme chitosan/gallnut 192:207 arg1 tannins 209:215 chitosan/gallnut tannins 192:215 chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber 192:240 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 2 23 contain has 287:289 arg1 fiber 281:285 Chitosan fiber 272:285 Chitosan fiber 272:285 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 2 23 contain has 287:289 arg2 potential 297:305 great potential 291:305 great potential 291:305 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 8 24 theme great 1046:1050 arg1 potentiality 1052:1063 great potentiality 1046:1063 great potentiality 1046:1063 GTs have great potentiality in improving the properties of chitosan fiber. 31582080 1 25 theme tannins 209:215 arg1 fiber 236:240 chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber 192:240 chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber 192:240 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 0 26 theme composite 25:33 arg1 fiber 35:39 composite fiber 25:39 composite fiber 25:39 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 0 27 theme improved 46:53 arg1 properties 95:104 improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties 46:104 properties 95:104 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 7 28 theme CS/GTs 1023:1028 arg1 fiber 1030:1034 CS/GTs fiber 1023:1034 CS/GTs fiber 1023:1034 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus increased from 49.0 to 99.7% and about double green and red fluorescent intensity were observed for CS/GTs fiber. 31582080 6 29 theme ionic 828:832 arg1 cross-linking 834:846 ionic cross-linking 828:846 ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs 828:871 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 7 30 theme red 979:981 arg1 intensity 995:1003 red fluorescent intensity 979:1003 red fluorescent intensity 979:1003 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus increased from 49.0 to 99.7% and about double green and red fluorescent intensity were observed for CS/GTs fiber. 31582080 8 31 theme chitosan 1096:1103 arg1 fiber 1105:1109 chitosan fiber 1096:1109 chitosan fiber 1096:1109 GTs have great potentiality in improving the properties of chitosan fiber. 31582080 6 32 theme lower 745:749 arg1 hydrophilicity 751:764 lower hydrophilicity 745:764 lower hydrophilicity 745:764 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 3 33 theme weak 398:401 arg1 properties 414:423 the weak mechanical properties 394:423 the weak mechanical properties 394:423 However, the weak mechanical properties limited its application. 31582080 0 34 with tannins 17:23 arg1 properties 95:104 improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties 46:104 properties 95:104 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 7 35 theme bacterial 878:886 arg1 reduction 888:896 The bacterial reduction 874:896 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus 874:921 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus increased from 49.0 to 99.7% and about double green and red fluorescent intensity were observed for CS/GTs fiber. 31582080 4 36 theme composite 527:535 arg1 fiber 537:541 the composite fiber 523:541 the composite fiber 523:541 Chitosan and GTs were blended in aqueous solution of acetic acid to spin the composite fiber. 31582080 2 37 theme Chitosan 272:279 arg1 fiber 281:285 Chitosan fiber 272:285 Chitosan fiber 272:285 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 1 38 theme composite 226:234 arg1 fiber 236:240 chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber 192:240 chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber 192:240 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 31582080 6 39 theme % 732:732 arg1 GTs 734:736 10% GTs 730:736 10% GTs 730:736 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 2 40 theme absorbent 321:329 arg1 suture 331:336 absorbent suture 321:336 absorbent suture 321:336 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 8 41 theme fiber 1105:1109 arg1 properties 1082:1091 the properties 1078:1091 the properties of chitosan fiber 1078:1109 GTs have great potentiality in improving the properties of chitosan fiber. 31582080 6 42 theme 10 730:731 arg1 % 732:732 % 732:732 % 732:732 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 2 43 theme good 362:365 arg1 biocompatibility 367:382 its good biocompatibility 358:382 its good biocompatibility 358:382 Chitosan fiber has great potential to be used as absorbent suture and dressing due to its good biocompatibility. 31582080 7 44 dep 99.7 946:949 arg1 to 943:944 to 943:944 to 943:944 The bacterial reduction to Staphylococcus aureus increased from 49.0 to 99.7% and about double green and red fluorescent intensity were observed for CS/GTs fiber. 31582080 6 45 theme dry 777:779 arg1 strength 795:802 higher dry, wet breaking strength 770:802 higher dry, wet breaking strength 770:802 Compared with pure chitosan fiber, CS/GTs fiber with 10% GTs showed lower hydrophilicity and higher dry, wet breaking strength by more than 40% due to ionic cross-linking between chitosan and GTs. 31582080 0 46 theme antibacterial 64:76 arg1 properties 95:104 improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties 46:104 properties 95:104 Chitosan/gallnut tannins composite fiber with improved tensile, antibacterial and fluorescence properties. 31582080 4 47 theme acetic 503:508 arg1 acid 510:513 acetic acid 503:513 acetic acid 503:513 Chitosan and GTs were blended in aqueous solution of acetic acid to spin the composite fiber. 31582080 1 48 theme blended 245:251 arg1 spinning 262:269 blended solution spinning 245:269 blended solution spinning 245:269 Natural extracts gallnut tannins (GTs) were used as functional components to prepare chitosan/gallnut tannins (CS/GTs) composite fiber by blended solution spinning. 30486943 0 0 theme Hydrogen 87:94 arg1 Peroxide 96:103 Hydrogen Peroxide 87:103 Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing 87:111 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 30486943 2 1 theme precursor 436:444 arg1 concentration 446:458 the tin precursor concentration 428:458 the tin precursor concentration 428:458 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 4 2 theme absorbance 661:670 arg1 spectra 672:678 the absorbance spectra 657:678 the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ 657:700 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 1 3 theme SnO₂ 149:152 arg1 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 3 theme SnO₂ 149:152 arg1 nanofiber 128:136 A multiporous nanofiber 114:136 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan 114:165 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 6 4 theme electron 934:941 arg1 transfer 943:950 a direct electron transfer 925:950 a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode 925:1017 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 2 5 theme tin 432:434 arg1 concentration 446:458 the tin precursor concentration 428:458 the tin precursor concentration 428:458 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 0 6 from Immobilization 11:24 arg1 Nanofibers 41:50 Nanofibers 41:50 Nanofibers 41:50 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 30486943 5 7 theme electrode 848:856 arg1 performance 808:818 the performance 804:818 the performance of the resulting fabricated electrode 804:856 Cyclic Voltammetry and amperometry are employed to study and optimize the performance of the resulting fabricated electrode. 30486943 9 8 from enhancement 1453:1463 arg1 surface 1511:1517 the electrode surface 1497:1517 the electrode surface 1497:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 6 9 theme direct 927:932 arg1 transfer 943:950 a direct electron transfer 925:950 a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode 925:1017 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 9 10 from surface 1511:1517 arg1 enhancement 1453:1463 the enhancement 1449:1463 the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1449:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 9 10 from surface 1511:1517 arg1 electroactivity 1472:1486 the electroactivity 1468:1486 the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1468:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 7 11 theme modified 1040:1047 arg1 electrode 1049:1057 The modified electrode has 1036:1061 The modified electrode has 1036:1061 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 8 12 theme H₂O₂ 1263:1266 arg1 reduction 1250:1258 the reduction 1246:1258 the reduction of H₂O₂ 1246:1266 The fabricated electrode also exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂. 30486943 6 13 theme redox 974:978 arg1 centre 980:985 the protein's redox centre 960:985 the protein's redox centre 960:985 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 9 14 theme wide 1342:1345 arg1 range 1347:1351 a wide range 1340:1351 a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1340:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 0 15 theme Peroxide 96:103 arg1 Sensing 105:111 Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing 87:111 Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing 87:111 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 30486943 7 16 dep peak 1088:1091 arg1 found 1128:1132 found 1128:1132 found to be sensitive to H₂O₂ 1128:1156 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 7 16 dep peak 1088:1091 arg1 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 2 17 theme multiporous 296:306 arg1 nanofiber 308:316 The multiporous nanofiber 292:316 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area 292:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 8 18 theme excellent 1202:1210 arg1 activity 1229:1236 an excellent electrocatalytic activity 1199:1236 an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂ 1199:1266 The fabricated electrode also exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂. 30486943 6 19 with fabrication 865:875 arg1 MPNFs 910:914 MPNFs 910:914 MPNFs 910:914 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 6 19 with fabrication 865:875 arg1 Hb 903:904 Hb 903:904 Hb 903:904 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 10 20 theme future 1577:1582 arg1 applications 1594:1605 future biosensor applications 1577:1605 future biosensor applications 1577:1605 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 4 21 theme UV-Vis 717:722 arg1 analysis 724:731 UV-Vis analysis 717:731 UV-Vis analysis 717:731 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 6 22 theme glassy 995:1000 arg1 electrode 1009:1017 the glassy carbon electrode 991:1017 the glassy carbon electrode 991:1017 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 1 23 theme chitosan 158:165 arg1 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 23 theme chitosan 158:165 arg1 nanofiber 128:136 A multiporous nanofiber 114:136 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan 114:165 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 7 24 dep electrode 1049:1057 arg1 has 1059:1061 has 1059:1061 has 1059:1061 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 3 25 theme SnO₂ 492:495 arg1 MPNFs 483:487 the constructed MPNFs 467:487 the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ 467:495 Since the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ exposes very high surface area, it increases the efficiency for biomolecule-loading. 30486943 6 26 theme carbon 1002:1007 arg1 electrode 1009:1017 the glassy carbon electrode 991:1017 the glassy carbon electrode 991:1017 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 2 27 theme electrospinning 382:396 arg1 technique 398:406 electrospinning technique 382:406 electrospinning technique 382:406 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 4 28 theme SEM 637:639 arg1 observation 641:651 SEM observation 637:651 SEM observation 637:651 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 0 29 theme Hemoglobin 0:9 arg1 Immobilization 11:24 Hemoglobin Immobilization 0:24 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 0:112 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 30486943 6 30 theme SnO₂ 919:922 arg1 MPNFs 910:914 MPNFs 910:914 MPNFs 910:914 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 6 30 theme SnO₂ 919:922 arg1 Hb 903:904 Hb 903:904 Hb 903:904 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 6 31 theme electrode 884:892 arg1 fabrication 865:875 fabrication 865:875 fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂ 865:922 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 9 32 theme Hb 1491:1492 arg1 electroactivity 1472:1486 the electroactivity 1468:1486 the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1468:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 2 33 theme SnO₂ 321:324 arg1 nanofiber 308:316 The multiporous nanofiber 292:316 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area 292:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 10 34 theme promising 1553:1561 arg1 MPNFs 1529:1533 the MPNFs 1525:1533 the MPNFs of SnO₂ 1525:1541 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 10 34 theme promising 1553:1561 arg1 candidate 1563:1571 a very promising candidate 1546:1571 a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications 1546:1605 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 9 35 contain has 1430:1432 arg1 MPNFs 1416:1420 MPNFs 1416:1420 MPNFs of SnO₂ 1416:1428 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 9 35 contain has 1430:1432 arg2 role 1436:1439 a role 1434:1439 a role 1434:1439 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 3 36 theme high 510:513 arg1 area 523:526 very high surface area 505:526 very high surface area 505:526 Since the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ exposes very high surface area, it increases the efficiency for biomolecule-loading. 30486943 9 37 dep M. 1374:1375 arg1 show 1406:1409 show 1406:1409 show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1406:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 8 38 theme fabricated 1163:1172 arg1 electrode 1174:1182 The fabricated electrode 1159:1182 The fabricated electrode 1159:1182 The fabricated electrode also exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂. 30486943 9 39 theme SnO₂ 1425:1428 arg1 MPNFs 1416:1420 MPNFs 1416:1420 MPNFs of SnO₂ 1416:1428 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 7 40 from V 1110:1110 arg1 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 3 41 theme surface 515:521 arg1 area 523:526 very high surface area 505:526 very high surface area 505:526 Since the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ exposes very high surface area, it increases the efficiency for biomolecule-loading. 30486943 5 42 theme resulting 827:835 arg1 electrode 848:856 the resulting fabricated electrode 823:856 the resulting fabricated electrode 823:856 Cyclic Voltammetry and amperometry are employed to study and optimize the performance of the resulting fabricated electrode. 30486943 10 43 theme SnO₂ 1538:1541 arg1 MPNFs 1529:1533 the MPNFs 1525:1533 the MPNFs of SnO₂ 1525:1541 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 10 43 theme SnO₂ 1538:1541 arg1 candidate 1563:1571 a very promising candidate 1546:1571 a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications 1546:1605 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 10 44 theme biosensor 1584:1592 arg1 applications 1594:1605 future biosensor applications 1577:1605 future biosensor applications 1577:1605 Thus the MPNFs of SnO₂ is a very promising candidate for future biosensor applications. 30486943 4 45 theme electrodes 611:620 arg1 morphology 586:595 The morphology 582:595 The morphology of fabricated electrodes 582:620 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 9 46 theme electrode 1501:1509 arg1 surface 1511:1517 the electrode surface 1497:1517 the electrode surface 1497:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 9 47 theme Overall 1377:1383 arg1 results 1398:1404 Overall experimental results 1377:1404 Overall experimental results 1377:1404 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 2 48 theme surface 345:351 arg1 area 353:356 very high surface area 335:356 very high surface area 335:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 7 49 theme redox 1082:1086 arg1 peak 1088:1091 redox peak 1082:1091 redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂ 1082:1156 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 9 50 theme catalysis 1273:1281 arg1 currents 1283:1290 The catalysis currents 1269:1290 The catalysis currents 1269:1290 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 2 51 contain has 331:333 arg1 SnO₂ 321:324 SnO₂ 321:324 SnO₂ that has very high surface area 321:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 2 51 contain has 331:333 arg2 area 353:356 very high surface area 335:356 very high surface area 335:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 0 52 dep SnO₂ 55:58 arg1 Composite 73:81 Composite 73:81 Composite 73:81 Hemoglobin Immobilization on Multiporous Nanofibers of SnO₂ and Chitosan Composite for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing. 30486943 2 53 theme high 340:343 arg1 area 353:356 very high surface area 335:356 very high surface area 335:356 The multiporous nanofiber of SnO₂ that has very high surface area is synthesized by using electrospinning technique through controlling the tin precursor concentration. 30486943 5 54 theme Cyclic 734:739 arg1 Voltammetry 741:751 Cyclic Voltammetry 734:751 Cyclic Voltammetry 734:751 Cyclic Voltammetry and amperometry are employed to study and optimize the performance of the resulting fabricated electrode. 30486943 1 55 theme glassy 261:266 arg1 GCE 286:288 GCE 286:288 GCE 286:288 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 55 theme glassy 261:266 arg1 electrode 275:283 glassy carbon electrode 261:283 glassy carbon electrode (GCE) 261:289 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 7 56 from V 1122:1122 arg1 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 located 1093:1099 The modified electrode has showed a couple of redox peak located at -0.29 V and -0.18 V and found to be sensitive to H₂O₂. 30486943 1 57 theme multiporous 116:126 arg1 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 57 theme multiporous 116:126 arg1 nanofiber 128:136 A multiporous nanofiber 114:136 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan 114:165 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 58 theme carbon 268:273 arg1 GCE 286:288 GCE 286:288 GCE 286:288 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 58 theme carbon 268:273 arg1 electrode 275:283 glassy carbon electrode 261:283 glassy carbon electrode (GCE) 261:289 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 9 59 from concentration 1323:1335 arg1 range 1347:1351 a wide range 1340:1351 a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1340:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 6 60 dep Hb 903:904 arg1 the 899:901 the 899:901 the 899:901 After fabrication of the electrode with the Hb and MPNFs of SnO₂, a direct electron transfer between the protein's redox centre and the glassy carbon electrode was established. 30486943 1 61 theme electrode 275:283 arg1 surface 250:256 the surface 246:256 the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) 246:289 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 62 used used 176:179 arg2 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 MPNFs 139:143 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 62 used used 176:179 arg2 nanofiber 128:136 A multiporous nanofiber 114:136 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan 114:165 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 8 63 theme electrocatalytic 1212:1227 arg1 activity 1229:1236 an excellent electrocatalytic activity 1199:1236 an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂ 1199:1266 The fabricated electrode also exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H₂O₂. 30486943 4 64 theme SnO₂ 697:700 arg1 MPNFs 687:691 MPNFs 687:691 MPNFs 687:691 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 4 64 theme SnO₂ 697:700 arg1 Hb/ 683:685 Hb/ 683:685 Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ 683:700 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 9 65 theme electroactivity 1472:1486 arg1 enhancement 1453:1463 the enhancement 1449:1463 the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1449:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 9 66 theme H₂O₂ 1318:1321 arg1 concentration 1323:1335 the H₂O₂ concentration 1314:1335 the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1314:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 4 67 theme Hb/ 683:685 arg1 spectra 672:678 the absorbance spectra 657:678 the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ 657:700 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 1 68 theme redox 209:213 arg1 protein 215:221 a redox protein 207:221 a redox protein 207:221 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 1 68 theme redox 209:213 arg1 hemoglobin 224:233 hemoglobin 224:233 hemoglobin (Hb) 224:238 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 4 69 theme fabricated 600:609 arg1 electrodes 611:620 fabricated electrodes 600:620 fabricated electrodes 600:620 The morphology of fabricated electrodes is examined by SEM observation and the absorbance spectra of Hb/(MPNFs) of SnO₂ are studied by UV-Vis analysis. 30486943 9 70 theme experimental 1385:1396 arg1 results 1398:1404 Overall experimental results 1377:1404 Overall experimental results 1377:1404 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 3 71 theme constructed 471:481 arg1 MPNFs 483:487 the constructed MPNFs 467:487 the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ 467:495 Since the constructed MPNFs of SnO₂ exposes very high surface area, it increases the efficiency for biomolecule-loading. 30486943 1 72 theme protein 215:221 arg1 immobilization 189:202 the immobilization 185:202 the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) 185:289 A multiporous nanofiber (MPNFs) of SnO₂ and chitosan has been used for the immobilization of a redox protein, hemoglobin (Hb), onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). 30486943 9 73 theme M. 1374:1375 arg1 range 1347:1351 a wide range 1340:1351 a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface 1340:1517 The catalysis currents increased linearly to the H₂O₂ concentration in a wide range of 5.0×10-6-1.5×10-4 M. Overall experimental results show that MPNFs of SnO₂ has a role towards the enhancement of the electroactivity of Hb at the electrode surface. 30486943 5 74 theme fabricated 837:846 arg1 electrode 848:856 the resulting fabricated electrode 823:856 the resulting fabricated electrode 823:856 Cyclic Voltammetry and amperometry are employed to study and optimize the performance of the resulting fabricated electrode. 30884009 1 0 theme soil 150:153 arg1 parabrevis 180:189 Brevibacillus parabrevis 166:189 Brevibacillus parabrevis 166:189 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 1 0 theme soil 150:153 arg1 bacterium 155:163 the soil bacterium 146:163 the soil bacterium 146:163 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 11 1 theme higher 1765:1770 arg1 constant 1785:1792 a much higher dissociation constant 1758:1792 a much higher dissociation constant 1758:1792 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 10 2 theme CD 1490:1491 arg1 investigations 1515:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations correlated well with TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM. 30884009 9 3 dep amides 1363:1368 arg1 involved 1401:1408 involved 1401:1408 involved in TrcA intermolecular association 1401:1443 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 9 3 dep amides 1363:1368 arg1 exposed 1370:1376 exposed 1370:1376 exposed to the exterior 1370:1392 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 4 4 theme cellulose 660:668 arg1 model 670:674 cellulose model 660:674 cellulose model 660:674 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 12 5 theme tyrocidine 1943:1952 arg1 C 1954:1954 tyrocidine C 1943:1954 tyrocidine C 1943:1954 Similar trends to TrcA for binding to the three saccharides were observed for the analogous tyrocidines, tyrocidine B, and tyrocidine C. 30884009 7 6 theme H-bonding 1204:1212 arg1 structures 1232:1241 H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1204:1241 new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1192:1241 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 8 7 theme environmental 1327:1339 arg1 changes 1341:1347 the environmental changes 1323:1347 the environmental changes 1323:1347 The amides involved in intramolecular H-bonding remained largely unaffected by the environmental changes. 30884009 9 8 theme shift 1475:1479 arg1 changes 1481:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 10 9 theme spectroscopic 1501:1513 arg1 investigations 1515:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations correlated well with TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM. 30884009 5 10 theme composition 823:833 arg1 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra 738:759 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 10 theme composition 823:833 arg1 function 803:810 a function 801:810 a function of solvent composition 801:833 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 3 11 from glycans 531:537 arg1 cellulose 453:461 cellulose 453:461 cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls 453:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 11 from glycans 531:537 arg1 media 521:525 culture media 513:525 culture media 513:525 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 11 from glycans 531:537 arg1 walls 554:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 6 12 theme organic 1104:1110 arg1 solvents 1112:1119 organic solvents 1104:1119 organic solvents 1104:1119 Saccharides seem to also induce TrcA spectral changes reverting those induced by organic solvents. 30884009 13 13 theme glucose 2032:2038 arg1 unit 2055:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 These results therefore indicate that the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit are fairly specific and reversible. 30884009 5 14 theme structures 903:912 arg1 formation 879:887 the formation 875:887 the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased 875:1020 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 3 15 from sugars 503:508 arg1 cellulose 453:461 cellulose 453:461 cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls 453:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 15 from sugars 503:508 arg1 media 521:525 culture media 513:525 culture media 513:525 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 15 from sugars 503:508 arg1 walls 554:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 4 16 theme NMR 720:722 arg1 spectroscopy 724:735 NMR spectroscopy 720:735 NMR spectroscopy 720:735 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 4 17 from cellotetraose 642:654 arg1 fashion 695:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 6 18 theme TrcA 1055:1058 arg1 changes 1069:1075 TrcA spectral changes 1055:1075 TrcA spectral changes reverting those induced by organic solvents 1055:1119 Saccharides seem to also induce TrcA spectral changes reverting those induced by organic solvents. 30884009 7 19 theme spectral 1129:1136 arg1 changes 1138:1144 The CD spectral changes 1122:1144 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose 1122:1179 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 11 20 theme cellotetraose 1667:1679 arg1 association 1652:1662 the association 1648:1662 the association of cellotetraose 1648:1679 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 9 21 theme intermolecular 1418:1431 arg1 association 1433:1443 TrcA intermolecular association 1413:1443 TrcA intermolecular association 1413:1443 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 3 22 theme culture 513:519 arg1 media 521:525 culture media 513:525 culture media 513:525 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 13 23 with interactions 2010:2021 arg1 unit 2055:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 These results therefore indicate that the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit are fairly specific and reversible. 30884009 5 24 theme CD 742:743 arg1 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra 738:759 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 24 theme CD 742:743 arg1 function 803:810 a function 801:810 a function of solvent composition 801:833 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 9 25 theme chemical 1466:1473 arg1 changes 1481:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 2 26 theme food 271:274 arg1 industry 276:283 food industry 271:283 food industry 271:283 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 7 27 dep H-bonding 1204:1212 arg1 β-sheet 1224:1230 β-sheet 1224:1230 β-sheet 1224:1230 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 1 28 theme Brevibacillus 166:178 arg1 parabrevis 180:189 Brevibacillus parabrevis 166:189 Brevibacillus parabrevis 166:189 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 1 28 theme Brevibacillus 166:178 arg1 bacterium 155:163 the soil bacterium 146:163 the soil bacterium 146:163 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 0 29 theme A 11:11 arg1 interactions 13:24 Tyrocidine A interactions 0:24 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides 0:41 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides investigated by CD and NMR spectroscopies. 30884009 3 30 from environment 479:489 arg1 cellulose 453:461 cellulose 453:461 cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls 453:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 30 from environment 479:489 arg1 media 521:525 culture media 513:525 culture media 513:525 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 30 from environment 479:489 arg1 walls 554:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 3 31 theme cell 549:552 arg1 walls 554:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 4 32 from sucrose 629:635 arg1 fashion 695:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 9 33 theme largest 1454:1460 arg1 changes 1481:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 0 34 theme Tyrocidine 0:9 arg1 interactions 13:24 Tyrocidine A interactions 0:24 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides 0:41 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides investigated by CD and NMR spectroscopies. 30884009 2 35 theme antimicrobial 305:317 arg1 lozenges 319:326 antimicrobial lozenges 305:326 antimicrobial lozenges 305:326 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 7 36 from changes 1138:1144 arg1 presence 1161:1168 the presence 1157:1168 the presence of glucose 1157:1179 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 5 37 theme A 775:775 arg1 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra 738:759 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 37 theme A 775:775 arg1 function 803:810 a function 801:810 a function of solvent composition 801:833 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 38 theme tyrocidine 764:773 arg1 TrcA 778:781 TrcA 778:781 TrcA 778:781 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 38 theme tyrocidine 764:773 arg1 A 775:775 tyrocidine A 764:775 tyrocidine A (TrcA) 764:782 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 2 39 from infections 241:250 arg1 agriculture 255:265 agriculture 255:265 agriculture 255:265 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 2 39 from infections 241:250 arg1 industry 276:283 food industry 271:283 food industry 271:283 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 5 40 theme oligomeric 892:901 arg1 structures 903:912 oligomeric structures 892:912 oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased 892:1020 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 10 41 theme TrcA-glucose 1551:1562 arg1 interactions 1564:1575 TrcA-glucose interactions 1551:1575 TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM 1551:1630 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations correlated well with TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM. 30884009 13 42 theme tyrocidine 1999:2008 arg1 interactions 2010:2021 the tyrocidine interactions 1995:2021 the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit 1995:2058 These results therefore indicate that the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit are fairly specific and reversible. 30884009 13 42 theme tyrocidine 1999:2008 arg1 specific 2071:2078 specific 2071:2078 specific 2071:2078 These results therefore indicate that the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit are fairly specific and reversible. 30884009 3 43 theme fungal 542:547 arg1 walls 554:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 fungal cell walls 542:558 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 4 44 theme tyrocidines 603:613 arg1 interactions 587:598 the interactions 583:598 the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy 583:735 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 4 45 from glucose 620:626 arg1 fashion 695:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 5 46 theme spectral 844:851 arg1 properties 853:862 the spectral properties 840:862 the spectral properties 840:862 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 7 47 theme CD 1126:1127 arg1 changes 1138:1144 The CD spectral changes 1122:1144 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose 1122:1179 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 11 48 theme additive 1708:1715 arg1 effect 1717:1722 the additive effect 1704:1722 the additive effect from four glucose moieties 1704:1749 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 6 49 theme spectral 1060:1067 arg1 changes 1069:1075 TrcA spectral changes 1055:1075 TrcA spectral changes reverting those induced by organic solvents 1055:1119 Saccharides seem to also induce TrcA spectral changes reverting those induced by organic solvents. 30884009 11 50 theme dissociation 1772:1783 arg1 constant 1785:1792 a much higher dissociation constant 1758:1792 a much higher dissociation constant 1758:1792 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 4 51 with interactions 587:598 arg1 glucose 620:626 glucose 620:626 glucose 620:626 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 4 51 with interactions 587:598 arg1 sucrose 629:635 sucrose 629:635 sucrose 629:635 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 4 51 with interactions 587:598 arg1 cellotetraose 642:654 cellotetraose 642:654 cellotetraose 642:654 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 12 52 theme tyrocidine 1925:1934 arg1 B 1936:1936 tyrocidine B 1925:1936 tyrocidine B 1925:1936 Similar trends to TrcA for binding to the three saccharides were observed for the analogous tyrocidines, tyrocidine B, and tyrocidine C. 30884009 13 53 theme monosaccharide 2040:2053 arg1 unit 2055:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 the glucose monosaccharide unit 2028:2058 These results therefore indicate that the tyrocidine interactions with the glucose monosaccharide unit are fairly specific and reversible. 30884009 5 54 theme NMR 749:751 arg1 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra 738:759 spectra 753:759 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 54 theme NMR 749:751 arg1 function 803:810 a function 801:810 a function of solvent composition 801:833 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 10 55 theme NMR 1497:1499 arg1 investigations 1515:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations 1490:1528 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations correlated well with TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM. 30884009 0 56 with interactions 13:24 arg1 saccharides 31:41 saccharides 31:41 saccharides 31:41 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides investigated by CD and NMR spectroscopies. 30884009 9 57 theme H 1464:1464 arg1 changes 1481:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 the largest 1 H chemical shift changes 1450:1487 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 11 58 from moieties 1742:1749 arg1 effect 1717:1722 the additive effect 1704:1722 the additive effect from four glucose moieties 1704:1749 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 5 59 theme acetonitrile 973:984 arg1 content 986:992 the acetonitrile content 969:992 the acetonitrile content of the solvent 969:1007 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 1 60 theme cyclic 114:119 arg1 decapeptides 121:132 cyclic decapeptides 114:132 cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis 114:189 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 7 61 theme new 1192:1194 arg1 structures 1232:1241 H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1204:1241 new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1192:1241 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 12 62 theme Similar 1820:1826 arg1 trends 1828:1833 Similar trends 1820:1833 Similar trends to TrcA for binding to the three saccharides 1820:1878 Similar trends to TrcA for binding to the three saccharides were observed for the analogous tyrocidines, tyrocidine B, and tyrocidine C. 30884009 1 63 theme decapeptides 121:132 arg1 Tyrocidines 86:96 Tyrocidines 86:96 Tyrocidines 86:96 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 1 63 theme decapeptides 121:132 arg1 family 104:109 a family 102:109 a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis 102:189 Tyrocidines are a family of cyclic decapeptides produced by the soil bacterium, Brevibacillus parabrevis. 30884009 2 64 theme antibiotic 198:207 arg1 peptides 209:216 These antibiotic peptides 192:216 These antibiotic peptides 192:216 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 4 65 theme quantitative 682:693 arg1 fashion 695:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 a quantitative fashion 680:701 Here, we investigated the interactions of tyrocidines with glucose, sucrose, and cellotetraose (as cellulose model) in a quantitative fashion utilising CD and NMR spectroscopy. 30884009 12 66 theme analogous 1902:1910 arg1 tyrocidines 1912:1922 the analogous tyrocidines 1898:1922 the analogous tyrocidines 1898:1922 Similar trends to TrcA for binding to the three saccharides were observed for the analogous tyrocidines, tyrocidine B, and tyrocidine C. 30884009 2 67 used used 225:228 arg2 peptides 209:216 These antibiotic peptides 192:216 These antibiotic peptides 192:216 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 3 68 theme soil 474:477 arg1 environment 479:489 their soil environment 468:489 their soil environment 468:489 It has been observed that the tyrocidines interact with saccharides such as cellulose from their soil environment, as well as sugars in culture media and glycans in fungal cell walls. 30884009 0 69 theme NMR 66:68 arg1 spectroscopies 70:83 NMR spectroscopies 66:83 NMR spectroscopies 66:83 Tyrocidine A interactions with saccharides investigated by CD and NMR spectroscopies. 30884009 5 70 theme solvent 1001:1007 arg1 content 986:992 the acetonitrile content 969:992 the acetonitrile content of the solvent 969:1007 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 5 71 theme β-sheet 935:941 arg1 structures 953:962 β-sheet secondary structures 935:962 β-sheet secondary structures 935:962 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 9 72 theme TrcA 1413:1416 arg1 association 1433:1443 TrcA intermolecular association 1413:1443 TrcA intermolecular association 1413:1443 In contrast, amides exposed to the exterior and/or involved in TrcA intermolecular association show the largest 1 H chemical shift changes. 30884009 5 73 theme solvent 815:821 arg1 composition 823:833 solvent composition 815:833 solvent composition 815:833 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 11 74 theme glucose 1734:1740 arg1 moieties 1742:1749 four glucose moieties 1729:1749 four glucose moieties 1729:1749 Interestingly, the association of cellotetraose corresponds closely to the additive effect from four glucose moieties, while a much higher dissociation constant was observed for sucrose. 30884009 10 75 theme dissociation 1596:1607 arg1 constant 1609:1616 a dissociation constant 1594:1616 a dissociation constant around 200 μM 1594:1630 CD and NMR spectroscopic investigations correlated well with TrcA-glucose interactions characterized by a dissociation constant around 200 μM. 30884009 5 76 theme secondary 943:951 arg1 structures 953:962 β-sheet secondary structures 935:962 β-sheet secondary structures 935:962 The CD and NMR spectra of tyrocidine A (TrcA) were analysed as a function of solvent composition, and the spectral properties agree with the formation of oligomeric structures that are governed by β-sheet secondary structures once the acetonitrile content of the solvent is increased. 30884009 7 77 theme ordered 1196:1202 arg1 structures 1232:1241 H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1204:1241 new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures 1192:1241 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 2 78 theme medical 355:361 arg1 applications 363:374 medical applications 355:374 medical applications 355:374 These antibiotic peptides can be used to prevent infections in agriculture and food industry but also to prepare antimicrobial lozenges, creams, and dressings for medical applications. 30884009 7 79 theme glucose 1173:1179 arg1 presence 1161:1168 the presence 1157:1168 the presence of glucose 1157:1179 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 30884009 7 80 theme TrcA 1149:1152 arg1 changes 1138:1144 The CD spectral changes 1122:1144 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose 1122:1179 The CD spectral changes of TrcA in the presence of glucose agree with new ordered H-bonding, possibly β-sheet structures. 31553041 2 0 theme cell 409:412 arg1 surface 414:420 the cell surface 405:420 the cell surface 405:420 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 6 1 theme cell 1112:1115 arg1 glycans 1125:1131 cell surface glycans 1112:1131 cell surface glycans 1112:1131 Importantly, galectin accumulation is significantly affected when cell surface glycans are altered. 31553041 3 2 theme aluminum 748:755 arg1 phthalocyanine 757:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 1 3 located found 169:173 arg1 cytosol 182:188 the cytosol 178:188 the cytosol 178:188 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 1 3 located found 169:173 arg2 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 1 3 located found 169:173 arg2 lectins 151:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins 122:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol 122:188 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 7 4 theme endocytic 1234:1242 arg1 vesicles 1244:1251 damaged endocytic vesicles 1226:1251 damaged endocytic vesicles 1226:1251 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 2 5 theme endocytic 336:344 arg1 vesicles 346:353 damaged endocytic vesicles 328:353 damaged endocytic vesicles 328:353 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 5 6 theme distinct 1018:1025 arg1 microcompartments 1027:1043 distinct microcompartments 1018:1043 distinct microcompartments 1018:1043 By super resolution imaging, galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates were found to be distributed in distinct microcompartments. 31553041 2 7 theme damaged 328:334 arg1 vesicles 346:353 damaged endocytic vesicles 328:353 damaged endocytic vesicles 328:353 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 3 8 with induction 629:637 arg1 light 672:676 light 672:676 light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 672:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 8 9 theme cellular 1383:1390 arg1 responses 1392:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 7 10 theme glycans 1329:1335 arg1 alteration 1302:1311 alteration 1302:1311 alteration of cell surface glycans 1302:1335 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 0 11 theme commensurate 51:62 arg1 responses 41:49 cellular responses 32:49 cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition 32:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 7 12 theme cell 1316:1319 arg1 glycans 1329:1335 cell surface glycans 1316:1335 cell surface glycans 1316:1335 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 1 13 theme carbohydrate 203:214 arg1 ligands 216:222 their carbohydrate ligands 197:222 their carbohydrate ligands 197:222 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 7 14 theme adaptor 1202:1208 arg1 proteins 1210:1217 autophagy adaptor proteins 1192:1217 autophagy adaptor proteins 1192:1217 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 4 15 theme galectins 807:815 arg1 dependent 846:854 dependent 846:854 dependent 846:854 We demonstrate that the levels of galectins around damaged endosomes are dependent on the composition of carbohydrates recognized by the proteins. 31553041 4 15 theme galectins 807:815 arg1 levels 797:802 the levels 793:802 the levels of galectins around damaged endosomes 793:840 We demonstrate that the levels of galectins around damaged endosomes are dependent on the composition of carbohydrates recognized by the proteins. 31553041 5 16 theme galectin-3 949:958 arg1 aggregates 975:984 galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates 949:984 galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates 949:984 By super resolution imaging, galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates were found to be distributed in distinct microcompartments. 31553041 0 17 theme Intracellular 0:12 arg1 galectins 14:22 Intracellular galectins 0:22 Intracellular galectins 0:22 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 2 18 dep glycans 374:380 arg1 displayed 392:400 displayed 392:400 displayed on the cell surface 392:420 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 2 18 dep glycans 374:380 arg1 located 439:445 located 439:445 located 439:445 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 0 19 theme cellular 32:39 arg1 responses 41:49 cellular responses 32:49 cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition 32:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 4 20 theme carbohydrates 878:890 arg1 composition 863:873 the composition 859:873 the composition of carbohydrates recognized by the proteins 859:917 We demonstrate that the levels of galectins around damaged endosomes are dependent on the composition of carbohydrates recognized by the proteins. 31553041 1 21 theme β-galactoside-binding 122:142 arg1 lectins 151:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins 122:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol 122:188 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 1 21 theme β-galactoside-binding 122:142 arg1 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 2 22 theme vesicles 467:474 arg1 lumen 454:458 the lumen 450:458 the lumen of the vesicles 450:474 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 3 23 theme model 606:610 arg1 system 612:617 a model system 604:617 a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 604:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 6 24 theme galectin 1059:1066 arg1 accumulation 1068:1079 galectin accumulation 1059:1079 galectin accumulation 1059:1079 Importantly, galectin accumulation is significantly affected when cell surface glycans are altered. 31553041 7 25 theme autophagy 1192:1200 arg1 proteins 1210:1217 autophagy adaptor proteins 1192:1217 autophagy adaptor proteins 1192:1217 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 1 26 theme animal 144:149 arg1 lectins 151:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins 122:157 β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol 122:188 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 1 26 theme animal 144:149 arg1 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins 108:116 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 8 27 theme dynamic 1410:1416 arg1 modifications 1418:1430 dynamic modifications 1410:1430 dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans 1410:1454 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 2 28 theme cellular 505:512 arg1 responses 514:522 cellular responses 505:522 cellular responses 505:522 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 8 29 theme cell 1435:1438 arg1 glycans 1448:1454 cell surface glycans 1435:1454 cell surface glycans 1435:1454 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 2 30 theme Cytosolic 275:283 arg1 galectins 285:293 Cytosolic galectins 275:293 Cytosolic galectins 275:293 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 5 31 theme super 923:927 arg1 imaging 940:946 super resolution imaging 923:946 super resolution imaging 923:946 By super resolution imaging, galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates were found to be distributed in distinct microcompartments. 31553041 2 32 from located 439:445 arg1 lumen 454:458 the lumen 450:458 the lumen of the vesicles 450:474 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 5 33 theme resolution 929:938 arg1 imaging 940:946 super resolution imaging 923:946 super resolution imaging 923:946 By super resolution imaging, galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates were found to be distributed in distinct microcompartments. 31553041 0 34 theme cell 69:72 arg1 composition 95:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 8 35 theme glycans 1448:1454 arg1 modifications 1418:1430 dynamic modifications 1410:1430 dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans 1410:1454 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 8 36 theme cytosolic 1355:1363 arg1 responses 1392:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 7 37 theme accumulated 1159:1169 arg1 galectins 1171:1179 accumulated galectins 1159:1179 accumulated galectins 1159:1179 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 3 38 theme photosensitizer 719:733 arg1 phthalocyanine 757:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 7 39 theme damaged 1226:1232 arg1 vesicles 1244:1251 damaged endocytic vesicles 1226:1251 damaged endocytic vesicles 1226:1251 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 8 40 theme surface 1440:1446 arg1 glycans 1448:1454 cell surface glycans 1435:1454 cell surface glycans 1435:1454 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 3 41 theme disulfonated 735:746 arg1 phthalocyanine 757:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 3 42 theme damage 660:665 arg1 induction 629:637 induction 629:637 induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 629:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 4 43 theme damaged 824:830 arg1 endosomes 832:840 damaged endosomes 824:840 damaged endosomes 824:840 We demonstrate that the levels of galectins around damaged endosomes are dependent on the composition of carbohydrates recognized by the proteins. 31553041 1 44 theme extracellular 254:266 arg1 space 268:272 the extracellular space 250:272 the extracellular space 250:272 Galectins are β-galactoside-binding animal lectins primarily found in the cytosol, while their carbohydrate ligands are mainly distributed in the extracellular space. 31553041 3 45 theme endocytosed 695:705 arg1 phthalocyanine 757:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 8 46 theme galectins 1365:1373 arg1 responses 1392:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 0 47 theme carbohydrate 82:93 arg1 composition 95:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 3 48 theme amphiphilic 707:717 arg1 phthalocyanine 757:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 691:770 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 3 49 theme endocytic 642:650 arg1 damage 660:665 endocytic vesicle damage 642:665 endocytic vesicle damage 642:665 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 2 50 from lumen 454:458 arg1 located 439:445 located 439:445 located 439:445 Cytosolic galectins are anticipated to accumulate on damaged endocytic vesicles through binding to glycans initially displayed on the cell surface and subsequently located in the lumen of the vesicles, and this can be followed by cellular responses. 31553041 5 51 theme galectin-8 964:973 arg1 aggregates 975:984 galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates 949:984 galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates 949:984 By super resolution imaging, galectin-3 and galectin-8 aggregates were found to be distributed in distinct microcompartments. 31553041 8 52 theme control 1375:1381 arg1 responses 1392:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 cytosolic galectins control cellular responses 1355:1400 We conclude that cytosolic galectins control cellular responses reflect dynamic modifications of cell surface glycans. 31553041 0 53 theme surface 74:80 arg1 composition 95:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 7 54 theme surface 1321:1327 arg1 glycans 1329:1335 cell surface glycans 1316:1335 cell surface glycans 1316:1335 Furthermore, accumulated galectins can direct autophagy adaptor proteins toward damaged endocytic vesicles, which are also significantly affected following alteration of cell surface glycans. 31553041 3 55 theme vesicle 652:658 arg1 damage 660:665 endocytic vesicle damage 642:665 endocytic vesicle damage 642:665 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 0 56 with commensurate 51:62 arg1 composition 95:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 cell surface carbohydrate composition 69:105 Intracellular galectins control cellular responses commensurate with cell surface carbohydrate composition. 31553041 3 57 theme mechanism 558:566 arg1 elucidation 539:549 elucidation 539:549 elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process 539:590 To facilitate elucidation of the mechanism underlying this process, we adopted a model system involving induction of endocytic vesicle damage with light that targets the endocytosed amphiphilic photosensitizer disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine. 31553041 6 58 theme surface 1117:1123 arg1 glycans 1125:1131 cell surface glycans 1112:1131 cell surface glycans 1112:1131 Importantly, galectin accumulation is significantly affected when cell surface glycans are altered. 31834991 7 0 theme targeted 2041:2048 arg1 metabolites 2060:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites 2024:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2024:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 1 theme standard 1483:1490 arg1 Protocol 1506:1513 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 2 theme non-targeted 2024:2035 arg1 metabolites 2060:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites 2024:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2024:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 3 from tissues 804:810 arg1 material 772:779 material 772:779 material from different cassava tissues 772:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 4 theme absolute 489:496 arg1 content 498:504 the absolute content 485:504 the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues 485:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 5 theme Alternate 1791:1799 arg1 Protocol 1801:1808 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol 1168:1808 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 6 6 theme © 1148:1148 arg1 2019 1150:1153 © 2019 1148:1153 © 2019 1148:1153 © 2019 The Authors. 31834991 7 7 dep Protocol 2078:2085 arg1 Determination 2090:2102 Determination 2090:2102 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 7 dep Protocol 2078:2085 arg1 Determination 2167:2179 Determination 2167:2179 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 8 theme total 637:641 arg1 protein 643:649 total protein 637:649 total protein 637:649 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 8 theme total 637:641 arg1 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 9 theme amino 1779:1783 arg1 acids 1785:1789 free amino acids 1774:1789 free amino acids 1774:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 10 theme absolute 1385:1392 arg1 quantification 1394:1407 absolute quantification 1385:1407 absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1385:1450 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 11 theme Protocol 2155:2162 arg1 Determination 2090:2102 Determination 2090:2102 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 12 theme several 271:277 arg1 programs 288:295 several breeding programs 271:295 several breeding programs 271:295 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 13 theme Basic 1989:1993 arg1 Protocol 1995:2002 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 14 from focus 321:325 arg1 years 355:359 the last few years 342:359 the last few years 342:359 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 15 theme mixtures 1372:1379 arg1 Preparation 1339:1349 Preparation 1339:1349 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 16 theme tocopherol 2138:2147 arg1 Protocol 2155:2162 tocopherol Basic Protocol 9 2138:2164 tocopherol Basic Protocol 9 2138:2164 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 17 theme total 1975:1979 arg1 Protocol 1995:2002 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 6 18 dep Authors 1159:1165 arg1 2019 1150:1153 © 2019 1148:1153 © 2019 1148:1153 © 2019 The Authors. 31834991 7 19 theme standard 1354:1361 arg1 mixtures 1372:1379 standard compound mixtures 1354:1379 standard compound mixtures 1354:1379 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 20 theme amino 532:536 arg1 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 20 theme amino 532:536 arg1 acids 538:542 amino acids 532:542 amino acids 532:542 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 1 21 theme high 178:181 arg1 productivity 183:194 relatively high productivity 167:194 relatively high productivity 167:194 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 7 22 theme Support 1630:1636 arg1 Protocol 1638:1645 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 23 theme different 786:794 arg1 tissues 804:810 different cassava tissues 786:810 different cassava tissues 786:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 24 theme IC-MS 1623:1627 arg1 Protocol 1638:1645 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 25 theme metabolites 851:861 arg1 quantification 823:836 quantification 823:836 quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards 823:892 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 1 26 theme million 108:114 arg1 people 116:121 more than 800 million people 94:121 more than 800 million people 94:121 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 7 27 theme soluble 1746:1752 arg1 sugars 1754:1759 soluble sugars 1746:1759 soluble sugars 1746:1759 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 28 theme spectrometry 1609:1620 arg1 Protocol 1638:1645 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 29 theme different 449:457 arg1 tissues 459:465 different tissues 449:465 different tissues 449:465 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 30 theme Support 1319:1325 arg1 Protocol 1327:1334 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 31 theme starch 1762:1767 arg1 Determination 1729:1741 Determination 1729:1741 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 32 theme analytical 708:717 arg1 techniques 719:728 multiple analytical techniques 699:728 multiple analytical techniques 699:728 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 5 33 theme harvest 1079:1085 arg1 samples 1087:1093 field harvest samples 1073:1093 field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport 1073:1145 The protocols have also been adjusted to apply to freeze-dried material in order to allow processing of field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport. 31834991 7 34 theme ion 1585:1587 arg1 Protocol 1638:1645 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 35 theme metabolomics 944:955 arg1 approaches 957:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 1 36 theme important 58:66 arg1 role 68:71 an important role 55:71 an important role 55:71 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 1 36 theme important 58:66 arg1 food 85:88 a staple food 76:88 a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world 76:134 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 7 37 theme Basic 1711:1715 arg1 Protocol 1717:1724 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 38 theme last 346:349 arg1 years 355:359 the last few years 342:359 the last few years 342:359 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 39 theme elements 1931:1938 arg1 Determination 1914:1926 Determination 1914:1926 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 40 theme experimental 1688:1699 arg1 Protocol 1717:1724 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 41 theme material 1310:1317 arg1 Protocol 1327:1334 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 42 from metabolism 409:418 arg1 tissues 459:465 different tissues 449:465 different tissues 449:465 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 0 43 theme Cassava 0:6 arg1 Metabolomics 8:19 Cassava Metabolomics 0:19 Cassava Metabolomics 0:19 Cassava Metabolomics and Starch Quality. 31834991 1 44 theme staple 78:83 arg1 role 68:71 an important role 55:71 an important role 55:71 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 1 44 theme staple 78:83 arg1 food 85:88 a staple food 76:88 a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world 76:134 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 7 45 theme freeze-dried 1289:1300 arg1 Protocol 1327:1334 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 46 theme Basic 1896:1900 arg1 Protocol 1902:1909 Basic Protocol 5 1896:1911 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 47 theme Basic 1854:1858 arg1 Protocol 1860:1867 starch Basic Protocol 4 1847:1869 starch Basic Protocol 4 1847:1869 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 5 48 theme long-distance 1123:1135 arg1 transport 1137:1145 long-distance transport 1123:1145 long-distance transport 1123:1145 The protocols have also been adjusted to apply to freeze-dried material in order to allow processing of field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport. 31834991 7 49 theme Protocol 1506:1513 arg1 Preparation 1453:1463 Preparation 1453:1463 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 50 theme Support 1254:1260 arg1 Protocol 1262:1269 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1 1209:1271 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 51 dep Basic 2072:2076 arg1 Protocol 2078:2085 Protocol 8 2078:2087 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 52 theme quality 2191:2197 arg1 Determination 2167:2179 Determination 2167:2179 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 53 theme mixture 1492:1498 arg1 Protocol 1506:1513 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 54 theme soluble 1828:1834 arg1 sugars 1836:1841 soluble sugars 1828:1841 soluble sugars 1828:1841 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 55 theme GC-MS 1247:1251 arg1 Protocol 1262:1269 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1 1209:1271 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 56 dep Protocol 1801:1808 arg1 Determination 1872:1884 Determination 1872:1884 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 56 dep Protocol 1801:1808 arg1 Determination 1811:1823 Determination 1811:1823 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 56 dep Protocol 1801:1808 arg1 Protocol 1902:1909 Basic Protocol 5 1896:1911 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 56 dep Protocol 1801:1808 arg1 Determination 1914:1926 Determination 1914:1926 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 57 theme Basic 2072:2076 arg1 metabolites 2060:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites 2024:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2024:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 58 theme retention-time 1468:1481 arg1 Protocol 1506:1513 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 59 dep Preparation 1274:1284 arg1 Determination 1518:1530 Determination 1518:1530 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 59 dep Preparation 1274:1284 arg1 Preparation 1453:1463 Preparation 1453:1463 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 59 dep Preparation 1274:1284 arg1 Preparation 1339:1349 Preparation 1339:1349 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 60 theme spectrometry 1233:1244 arg1 Protocol 1262:1269 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1 1209:1271 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 61 theme strong 314:319 arg1 focus 321:325 a strong focus 312:325 a strong focus of research in the last few years 312:359 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 62 theme secondary 2050:2058 arg1 metabolites 2060:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites 2024:2070 non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2024:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 63 theme gas 1209:1211 arg1 Protocol 1262:1269 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1 1209:1271 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 64 theme breeding 279:286 arg1 programs 288:295 several breeding programs 271:295 several breeding programs 271:295 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 65 theme acids 1785:1789 arg1 Determination 1729:1741 Determination 1729:1741 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 66 theme GC-MS 1427:1431 arg1 Protocol 1441:1448 GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1427:1450 GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1427:1450 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 67 theme Support 1433:1439 arg1 Protocol 1441:1448 GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1427:1450 GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1427:1450 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 68 theme free 1774:1777 arg1 acids 1785:1789 free amino acids 1774:1789 free amino acids 1774:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 69 theme metabolites 1412:1422 arg1 quantification 1394:1407 absolute quantification 1385:1407 absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3 1385:1450 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 70 theme targeted 935:942 arg1 approaches 957:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 3 71 theme sugars 509:514 arg1 content 498:504 the absolute content 485:504 the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues 485:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 72 theme Protocol 1995:2002 arg1 Determination 1958:1970 Determination 1958:1970 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 73 theme relative 863:870 arg1 metabolites 851:861 secondary metabolites 841:861 secondary metabolites relative to internal standards 841:892 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 2 74 from composition 434:444 arg1 tissues 459:465 different tissues 449:465 different tissues 449:465 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 75 theme Basic 2149:2153 arg1 Protocol 2155:2162 tocopherol Basic Protocol 9 2138:2164 tocopherol Basic Protocol 9 2138:2164 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 76 theme starch 662:667 arg1 quality 669:675 starch quality 662:675 starch quality 662:675 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 77 theme protein 1981:1987 arg1 Protocol 1995:2002 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 total protein Basic Protocol 7 1975:2004 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 78 theme internal 875:882 arg1 standards 884:892 internal standards 875:892 internal standards 875:892 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 7 79 theme compound 1363:1370 arg1 mixtures 1372:1379 standard compound mixtures 1354:1379 standard compound mixtures 1354:1379 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 80 theme multiple 699:706 arg1 techniques 719:728 multiple analytical techniques 699:728 multiple analytical techniques 699:728 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 81 theme organic 517:523 arg1 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 81 theme organic 517:523 arg1 acids 525:529 organic acids 517:529 organic acids 517:529 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 82 theme chlorophylls 2120:2131 arg1 Determination 2090:2102 Determination 2090:2102 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 83 theme phosphorylated 545:558 arg1 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 sugars 509:514 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 83 theme phosphorylated 545:558 arg1 intermediates 560:572 phosphorylated intermediates 545:572 phosphorylated intermediates 545:572 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 3 84 theme cassava 796:802 arg1 tissues 804:810 different cassava tissues 786:810 different cassava tissues 786:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 85 theme chromatography-mass 1589:1607 arg1 Protocol 1638:1645 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4 1585:1647 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 86 theme secondary 841:849 arg1 metabolites 851:861 secondary metabolites 841:861 secondary metabolites relative to internal standards 841:892 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 7 87 theme carotenoids 2107:2117 arg1 Determination 2090:2102 Determination 2090:2102 Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 2078:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 88 theme Metabolic 1186:1194 arg1 profiling 1196:1204 Metabolic profiling 1186:1204 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 3 89 dep content 498:504 arg1 article 476:482 this article 471:482 this article 471:482 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 90 theme sugars 1754:1759 arg1 Determination 1729:1741 Determination 1729:1741 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 4 91 theme non-targeted 918:929 arg1 approaches 957:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches 913:966 Moreover, quantification of secondary metabolites relative to internal standards is presented using both non-targeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. 31834991 7 92 theme Protocol 1327:1334 arg1 Preparation 1274:1284 Preparation 1274:1284 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 5 93 theme samples 1087:1093 arg1 processing 1059:1068 processing 1059:1068 processing of field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport 1059:1145 The protocols have also been adjusted to apply to freeze-dried material in order to allow processing of field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport. 31834991 7 94 theme phosphorylated 1553:1566 arg1 intermediates 1568:1580 phosphorylated intermediates 1553:1580 phosphorylated intermediates 1553:1580 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 95 theme metabolic 424:432 arg1 composition 434:444 metabolic composition 424:444 metabolic composition 424:444 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 96 theme Basic 1168:1172 arg1 Protocol 1174:1181 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 97 theme Basic 1940:1944 arg1 Protocol 1946:1953 Basic Protocol 6 1940:1955 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 98 theme acids 1543:1547 arg1 Determination 1518:1530 Determination 1518:1530 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 99 theme Protocol 1717:1724 arg1 Preparation 1650:1660 Preparation 1650:1660 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 100 theme cassava 1302:1308 arg1 Protocol 1327:1334 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2 1289:1336 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 5 101 theme field 1073:1077 arg1 samples 1087:1093 field harvest samples 1073:1093 field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport 1073:1145 The protocols have also been adjusted to apply to freeze-dried material in order to allow processing of field harvest samples that typically will require long-distance transport. 31834991 7 102 theme procedure 1701:1709 arg1 Protocol 1717:1724 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 103 dep Protocol 1946:1953 arg1 Determination 1958:1970 Determination 1958:1970 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 103 dep Protocol 1946:1953 arg1 Determination 2007:2019 Determination 2007:2019 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 104 theme research 330:337 arg1 focus 321:325 a strong focus 312:325 a strong focus of research in the last few years 312:359 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 0 105 theme Starch 25:30 arg1 Quality 32:38 Starch Quality 25:38 Starch Quality 25:38 Cassava Metabolomics and Starch Quality. 31834991 7 106 theme recovery 1679:1686 arg1 Protocol 1717:1724 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3 1679:1726 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 107 theme anions 1889:1894 arg1 Protocol 1801:1808 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol 1168:1808 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 108 theme organic 1535:1541 arg1 acids 1543:1547 organic acids 1535:1547 organic acids 1535:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 109 theme standards 1665:1673 arg1 Preparation 1650:1660 Preparation 1650:1660 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 110 theme few 351:353 arg1 years 355:359 the last few years 342:359 the last few years 342:359 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 111 theme Protocol 1860:1867 arg1 Determination 1811:1823 Determination 1811:1823 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 112 dep elements 1931:1938 arg1 Protocol 1946:1953 Basic Protocol 6 1940:1955 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 1 113 from food 85:88 arg1 world 130:134 the world 126:134 the world 126:134 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 31834991 3 114 dep well 654:657 arg1 described 680:688 described 680:688 is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues 677:810 In this article, the absolute content of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phosphorylated intermediates, minerals, starch, carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, and total protein as well as starch quality is described based on multiple analytical techniques, with protocols specifically adjusted for material from different cassava tissues. 31834991 7 115 dep Protocol 1262:1269 arg1 Preparation 1274:1284 Preparation 1274:1284 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 116 theme starch 1847:1852 arg1 Protocol 1860:1867 starch Basic Protocol 4 1847:1869 starch Basic Protocol 4 1847:1869 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 117 dep Protocol 1174:1181 arg1 Determination 1729:1741 Determination 1729:1741 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 117 dep Protocol 1174:1181 arg1 Preparation 1650:1660 Preparation 1650:1660 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 117 dep Protocol 1174:1181 arg1 profiling 1196:1204 Metabolic profiling 1186:1204 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids 1168:1789 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 2 118 theme programs 288:295 arg1 cassava 241:247 cassava 241:247 cassava 241:247 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 2 118 theme programs 288:295 arg1 focus 262:266 the focus 258:266 the focus of several breeding programs 258:295 Even though cassava has been the focus of several breeding programs and has become a strong focus of research in the last few years, relatively little is currently known about its metabolism and metabolic composition in different tissues. 31834991 7 119 theme metabolites 2060:2070 arg1 Determination 2007:2019 Determination 2007:2019 elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality 1931:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 120 theme Basic 1500:1504 arg1 Protocol 1506:1513 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2 1468:1515 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 121 theme sugars 1836:1841 arg1 Determination 1811:1823 Determination 1811:1823 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 1168:2198 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 122 theme chromatography-mass 1213:1231 arg1 Protocol 1262:1269 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1 1209:1271 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids 1209:1547 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 7 123 theme starch 2184:2189 arg1 quality 2191:2197 starch quality 2184:2197 starch quality 2184:2197 Basic Protocol 1: Metabolic profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Support Protocol 1: Preparation of freeze-dried cassava material Support Protocol 2: Preparation of standard compound mixtures for absolute quantification of metabolites by GC-MS Support Protocol 3: Preparation of retention-time standard mixture Basic Protocol 2: Determination of organic acids and phosphorylated intermediates by ion chromatography-mass spectrometry (IC-MS) Support Protocol 4: Preparation of standards and recovery experimental procedure Basic Protocol 3: Determination of soluble sugars, starch, and free amino acids Alternate Protocol: Determination of soluble sugars and starch Basic Protocol 4: Determination of anions Basic Protocol 5: Determination of elements Basic Protocol 6: Determination of total protein Basic Protocol 7: Determination of non-targeted and targeted secondary metabolites Basic Protocol 8: Determination of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocopherol Basic Protocol 9: Determination of starch quality. 31834991 1 124 theme nutrient-depleted 204:220 arg1 soils 222:226 nutrient-depleted soils 204:226 nutrient-depleted soils 204:226 Cassava plays an important role as a staple food for more than 800 million people in the world due to its ability to maintain relatively high productivity even in nutrient-depleted soils. 29931763 0 0 theme Condyle 99:105 arg1 Defects 112:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 4 1 theme empty 704:708 arg1 control 710:716 the empty control 700:716 the empty control 700:716 No difference in cytotoxicity is observed among chitosan-DP globules, chitosan globules, and the empty control. 29931763 7 2 theme chitosan 1050:1057 arg1 groups 1067:1072 Both chitosan globule groups 1045:1072 Both chitosan globule groups 1045:1072 Both chitosan globule groups show more satisfactory results than those for the empty control. 29931763 6 3 theme microcomputed 938:950 arg1 tomography 952:961 microcomputed tomography 938:961 microcomputed tomography examination 938:973 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 0 4 theme Femur 93:97 arg1 Defects 112:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 2 5 theme hybrid 355:360 arg1 material 362:369 a hybrid material 353:369 a hybrid material 353:369 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 4 6 from difference 610:619 arg1 cytotoxicity 624:635 cytotoxicity 624:635 cytotoxicity 624:635 No difference in cytotoxicity is observed among chitosan-DP globules, chitosan globules, and the empty control. 29931763 6 7 theme tomography 952:961 arg1 examination 963:973 microcomputed tomography examination 938:973 microcomputed tomography examination 938:973 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 2 8 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 globules 318:325 chitosan globules 309:325 chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material 309:369 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 2 8 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 globules 340:347 chitosan-DP globules 328:347 chitosan-DP globules 328:347 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 0 9 theme Bone 107:110 arg1 Defects 112:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 3 10 from efficacy 376:383 arg1 defects 440:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 6 11 theme superior 845:852 arg1 efficiency 854:863 superior efficiency 845:863 superior efficiency for osteogenesis 845:880 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 3 12 theme osteogenic 501:510 arg1 measurements 523:534 osteogenic efficiency measurements 501:534 osteogenic efficiency measurements 501:534 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 8 13 theme bone 1210:1213 arg1 defects 1215:1221 bone defects 1210:1221 bone defects 1210:1221 The results implicate chitosan-DP globules as a promising solution for bone defects. 29931763 0 14 theme Bone 65:68 arg1 Regeneration 70:81 Bone Regeneration 65:81 Bone Regeneration 65:81 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 4 15 theme chitosan 677:684 arg1 globules 686:693 chitosan globules 677:693 chitosan globules 677:693 No difference in cytotoxicity is observed among chitosan-DP globules, chitosan globules, and the empty control. 29931763 0 16 theme Periosteum-Covered 15:32 arg1 Composite 51:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite 15:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration 15:81 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 5 17 theme chitosan 793:800 arg1 globules 802:809 chitosan globules 793:809 chitosan globules 793:809 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 6 18 theme Chitosan-DP 812:822 arg1 globules 824:831 Chitosan-DP globules 812:831 Chitosan-DP globules 812:831 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 2 19 theme chitosan-DP 328:338 arg1 globules 318:325 chitosan globules 309:325 chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material 309:369 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 2 19 theme chitosan-DP 328:338 arg1 globules 340:347 chitosan-DP globules 328:347 chitosan-DP globules 328:347 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 3 20 theme bone 435:438 arg1 defects 440:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 3 21 theme globules 400:407 arg1 efficacy 376:383 The efficacy 372:383 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 372:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 3 22 theme empty 592:596 arg1 control 598:604 empty control 592:604 empty control 592:604 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 1 23 theme clinical 204:211 arg1 practice 213:220 clinical practice 204:220 clinical practice 204:220 Critical-sized bone defects are incapable of self-healing and are commonly seen in clinical practice. 29931763 0 24 theme Globule 43:49 arg1 Composite 51:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite 15:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration 15:81 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 5 25 theme Chitosan-DP 719:729 arg1 globules 731:738 Chitosan-DP globules 719:738 Chitosan-DP globules 719:738 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 3 26 theme chitosan 570:577 arg1 results 559:565 the results 555:565 the results of chitosan globules and empty control 555:604 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 4 27 theme chitosan-DP 655:665 arg1 globules 667:674 chitosan-DP globules 655:674 chitosan-DP globules 655:674 No difference in cytotoxicity is observed among chitosan-DP globules, chitosan globules, and the empty control. 29931763 0 28 theme Chitosan 34:41 arg1 Composite 51:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite 15:59 Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration 15:81 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 6 29 theme histological 1019:1030 arg1 differences 1032:1042 relatively minor histological differences 1002:1042 relatively minor histological differences 1002:1042 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 6 30 theme chitosan 913:920 arg1 globules 922:929 chitosan globules 913:929 chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing 913:994 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 1 31 theme Critical-sized 121:134 arg1 defects 141:147 Critical-sized bone defects 121:147 Critical-sized bone defects 121:147 Critical-sized bone defects are incapable of self-healing and are commonly seen in clinical practice. 29931763 2 32 dep explore 235:241 arg1 applied 298:304 applied 298:304 is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material 295:369 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 3 33 theme femoral 419:425 arg1 defects 440:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 6 34 theme minor 1013:1017 arg1 differences 1032:1042 relatively minor histological differences 1002:1042 relatively minor histological differences 1002:1042 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 7 35 theme empty 1124:1128 arg1 control 1130:1136 the empty control 1120:1136 the empty control 1120:1136 Both chitosan globule groups show more satisfactory results than those for the empty control. 29931763 3 36 theme condyle 427:433 arg1 defects 440:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 8 37 theme chitosan-DP 1161:1171 arg1 globules 1173:1180 chitosan-DP globules 1161:1180 chitosan-DP globules 1161:1180 The results implicate chitosan-DP globules as a promising solution for bone defects. 29931763 8 37 theme chitosan-DP 1161:1171 arg1 solution 1197:1204 a promising solution 1185:1204 a promising solution for bone defects 1185:1221 The results implicate chitosan-DP globules as a promising solution for bone defects. 29931763 2 38 theme new 245:247 arg1 treatment 249:257 a new treatment 243:257 a new treatment for this 243:266 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 7 39 theme satisfactory 1084:1095 arg1 results 1097:1103 more satisfactory results 1079:1103 more satisfactory results 1079:1103 Both chitosan globule groups show more satisfactory results than those for the empty control. 29931763 5 40 theme cell 770:773 arg1 adhesion 775:782 cell adhesion 770:782 cell adhesion 770:782 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 5 41 theme better 751:756 arg1 surface 758:764 a better surface 749:764 a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules 749:809 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 3 42 theme control 598:604 arg1 results 559:565 the results 555:565 the results of chitosan globules and empty control 555:604 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 1 43 theme bone 136:139 arg1 defects 141:147 Critical-sized bone defects 121:147 Critical-sized bone defects 121:147 Critical-sized bone defects are incapable of self-healing and are commonly seen in clinical practice. 29931763 3 44 theme rabbit 412:417 arg1 defects 440:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 rabbit femoral condyle bone defects 412:446 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 5 45 dep did 789:791 arg1 than 784:787 than 784:787 than 784:787 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 6 46 theme defect 889:894 arg1 area 896:899 the defect area 885:899 the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing 885:994 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 3 47 theme efficiency 512:521 arg1 measurements 523:534 osteogenic efficiency measurements 501:534 osteogenic efficiency measurements 501:534 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 2 48 theme decellularized 269:282 arg1 periosteum 284:293 decellularized periosteum 269:293 decellularized periosteum 269:293 The authors explore a new treatment for this, decellularized periosteum is applied to chitosan globules (chitosan-DP globules) as a hybrid material. 29931763 8 49 theme promising 1187:1195 arg1 globules 1173:1180 chitosan-DP globules 1161:1180 chitosan-DP globules 1161:1180 The results implicate chitosan-DP globules as a promising solution for bone defects. 29931763 8 49 theme promising 1187:1195 arg1 solution 1197:1204 a promising solution 1185:1204 a promising solution for bone defects 1185:1221 The results implicate chitosan-DP globules as a promising solution for bone defects. 29931763 5 50 dep surface 758:764 arg1 did 789:791 did 789:791 did 789:791 Chitosan-DP globules possesse a better surface for cell adhesion than did chitosan globules. 29931763 7 51 theme globule 1059:1065 arg1 groups 1067:1072 Both chitosan globule groups 1045:1072 Both chitosan globule groups 1045:1072 Both chitosan globule groups show more satisfactory results than those for the empty control. 29931763 0 52 theme Rabbit 86:91 arg1 Defects 112:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects 86:118 Decellularized Periosteum-Covered Chitosan Globule Composite for Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Femur Condyle Bone Defects. 29931763 3 53 dep chitosan 570:577 arg1 globules 579:586 globules 579:586 globules 579:586 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 3 54 theme chitosan-DP 388:398 arg1 globules 400:407 chitosan-DP globules 388:407 chitosan-DP globules 388:407 The efficacy of chitosan-DP globules on rabbit femoral condyle bone defects is assessed with biocompatibility, biomechanics, and osteogenic efficiency measurements, and compared with the results of chitosan globules and empty control. 29931763 6 55 theme push-out 979:986 arg1 testing 988:994 push-out testing 979:994 push-out testing 979:994 Chitosan-DP globules demonstrate superior efficiency for osteogenesis in the defect area compared to chitosan globules as per microcomputed tomography examination and push-out testing, with relatively minor histological differences. 29931763 1 56 theme self-healing 166:177 arg1 incapable 153:161 incapable 153:161 incapable 153:161 Critical-sized bone defects are incapable of self-healing and are commonly seen in clinical practice. 31494238 9 0 theme PG-loaded 1612:1620 arg1 scaffolds 1622:1630 the selected PG-loaded scaffolds 1599:1630 the selected PG-loaded scaffolds 1599:1630 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 4 1 theme attained 748:755 arg1 profile 782:788 the fastest drug release profile 757:788 attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05) 748:799 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 1 theme attained 748:755 arg1 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 10 2 theme wound 1700:1704 arg1 healing 1706:1712 diabetic wound healing 1691:1712 diabetic wound healing 1691:1712 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 6 3 theme selected 964:971 arg1 3D-SC 973:977 the selected 3D-SC 960:977 the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) 960:1020 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 6 3 theme selected 964:971 arg1 safe 1035:1038 safe 1035:1038 safe 1035:1038 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 4 4 theme release 774:780 arg1 profile 782:788 the fastest drug release profile 757:788 attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05) 748:799 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 4 theme release 774:780 arg1 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 9 5 theme complete 1533:1540 arg1 regeneration 1549:1560 the complete tissue regeneration 1529:1560 the complete tissue regeneration 1529:1560 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 7 6 theme % 1302:1302 arg1 % 1308:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 6 theme % 1302:1302 arg1 biomarkers 1374:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 7 theme in-vivo 1083:1089 arg1 studies 1091:1097 the in-vivo studies 1079:1097 the in-vivo studies 1079:1097 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 0 8 theme diabetic 105:112 arg1 rats 114:117 wounded diabetic rats 97:117 wounded diabetic rats 97:117 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 4 9 theme fastest 761:767 arg1 profile 782:788 the fastest drug release profile 757:788 attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05) 748:799 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 9 theme fastest 761:767 arg1 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 10 10 theme diabetic 1691:1698 arg1 healing 1706:1712 diabetic wound healing 1691:1712 diabetic wound healing 1691:1712 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 4 11 theme highest 657:663 arg1 99.12 ± 5.01 675:686 99.12 ± 5.01 675:686 99.12 ± 5.01 675:686 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 11 theme highest 657:663 arg1 porosity 665:672 the highest porosity 653:672 the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01) 653:687 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 0 12 theme wounded 97:103 arg1 rats 114:117 wounded diabetic rats 97:117 wounded diabetic rats 97:117 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 7 13 theme wound 1284:1288 arg1 % 1308:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 13 theme wound 1284:1288 arg1 biomarkers 1374:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 3 14 theme different 480:488 arg1 ratios 490:495 different ratios 480:495 different ratios 480:495 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 7 15 from improvement 1175:1185 arg1 process 1202:1208 the healing process 1190:1208 the healing process 1190:1208 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 4 16 theme CS 626:627 arg1 2:1 639:641 2:1 639:641 2:1 639:641 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 16 theme CS 626:627 arg1 E5 635:636 CS /HPMC E5 626:636 CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) 626:642 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 3 17 theme weight 441:446 arg1 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 17 theme weight 441:446 arg1 cellulose 401:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 380:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 380:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 2 18 theme three-dimensional 260:276 arg1 SC 304:305 SC 304:305 SC 304:305 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 18 theme three-dimensional 260:276 arg1 scaffolds 293:301 three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds 260:301 three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds 260:377 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 19 theme diabetic 363:370 arg1 wounds 372:377 diabetic wounds 363:377 diabetic wounds 363:377 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 7 20 dep p < 0.05 1334:1341 arg1 MMP-9 1402:1406 MMP-9 1402:1406 MMP-9 1402:1406 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 20 dep p < 0.05 1334:1341 arg1 VEGF 1393:1396 VEGF 1393:1396 VEGF 1393:1396 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 20 dep p < 0.05 1334:1341 arg1 TNF-α 1386:1390 TNF-α 1386:1390 TNF-α 1386:1390 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 21 theme unmedicated 1139:1149 arg1 SC 1151:1152 the unmedicated SC 1135:1152 the unmedicated SC 1135:1152 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 5 22 theme SEM 855:857 arg1 microphotographs 859:874 SEM microphotographs 855:874 SEM microphotographs 855:874 SEM microphotographs showed the highly porous structure of SC-F3. 31494238 10 23 theme feasible 1662:1669 arg1 approach 1671:1678 a feasible approach 1660:1678 a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation 1660:1748 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 3 24 used used 471:474 arg2 cellulose 401:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 380:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 380:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 24 used used 471:474 arg2 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 0 25 theme three-dimensional 20:36 arg1 scaffolds 58:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds 0:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 0:118 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 6 26 dep 3D-SC 973:977 arg1 unmedicated 1009:1019 unmedicated 1009:1019 unmedicated 1009:1019 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 6 26 dep 3D-SC 973:977 arg1 medicated 984:992 medicated 984:992 medicated 984:992 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 7 27 theme contraction 1290:1300 arg1 % 1308:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 27 theme contraction 1290:1300 arg1 biomarkers 1374:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 6 28 theme Draize 947:952 arg1 test 954:957 the modified Draize test 934:957 the modified Draize test 934:957 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 0 29 theme Pioglitazone-loaded 0:18 arg1 scaffolds 58:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds 0:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 0:118 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 7 30 theme % 1317:1317 arg1 measurement 1269:1279 the measurement 1265:1279 the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9) 1265:1407 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 8 31 contain had 1423:1425 arg2 effect 1450:1455 a significantly better effect 1427:1455 a significantly better effect 1427:1455 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 8 31 contain had 1423:1425 arg1 SC 1420:1421 PG-loaded SC 1410:1421 PG-loaded SC 1410:1421 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 4 32 theme prepared 581:588 arg1 SCs 590:592 the prepared SCs 577:592 the prepared SCs 577:592 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 0 33 theme polymeric 48:56 arg1 scaffolds 58:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds 0:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 0:118 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 6 34 theme skin 1044:1047 arg1 application 1049:1059 skin application 1044:1059 skin application (PII = 0) 1044:1069 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 6 34 theme skin 1044:1047 arg1 PII = 0 1062:1068 PII = 0 1062:1068 PII = 0 1062:1068 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 9 35 theme healing 1566:1572 arg1 process 1574:1580 healing process 1566:1580 healing process 1566:1580 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 0 36 dep scaffolds 58:66 arg1 study 88:92 study 88:92 study in wounded diabetic rats 88:117 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 2 37 theme composite 283:291 arg1 SC 304:305 SC 304:305 SC 304:305 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 37 theme composite 283:291 arg1 scaffolds 293:301 three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds 260:301 three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds 260:377 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 5 38 theme porous 894:899 arg1 structure 901:909 the highly porous structure 883:909 the highly porous structure of SC-F3 883:918 SEM microphotographs showed the highly porous structure of SC-F3. 31494238 3 39 theme molecular 431:439 arg1 weight 441:446 different molecular weight 421:446 different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 421:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 0 40 theme composite 38:46 arg1 scaffolds 58:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds 0:66 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 0:118 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 10 41 theme current 1637:1643 arg1 study 1645:1649 The current study 1633:1649 The current study 1633:1649 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 1 42 theme impaired 150:157 arg1 healing 165:171 impaired wound healing 150:171 impaired wound healing 150:171 Diabetic patients suffer from impaired wound healing. 31494238 3 43 theme Hydroxypropyl 380:392 arg1 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 43 theme Hydroxypropyl 380:392 arg1 cellulose 401:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 380:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 380:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 10 44 theme simple 1722:1727 arg1 formulation 1738:1748 a simple and safe formulation 1720:1748 a simple and safe formulation 1720:1748 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 4 45 theme absorption 704:713 arg1 capacity 715:722 water absorption capacity 698:722 highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20) 690:741 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 6 46 theme modified 938:945 arg1 test 954:957 the modified Draize test 934:957 the modified Draize test 934:957 According to the modified Draize test, the selected 3D-SC (the medicated as well as the unmedicated) showed to be safe for skin application (PII = 0). 31494238 3 47 theme methyl 394:399 arg1 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 HPMC 412:415 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 47 theme methyl 394:399 arg1 cellulose 401:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 380:409 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 380:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 48 theme 3D-SC 544:548 arg1 preparation 525:535 the preparation 521:535 the preparation of the 3D-SC 521:548 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 4 49 theme water 698:702 arg1 capacity 715:722 water absorption capacity 698:722 highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20) 690:741 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 2 50 theme wounds 372:377 arg1 management 349:358 the management 345:358 the management of diabetic wounds 345:377 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 9 51 theme selected 1603:1610 arg1 scaffolds 1622:1630 the selected PG-loaded scaffolds 1599:1630 the selected PG-loaded scaffolds 1599:1630 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 9 52 theme tissue 1542:1547 arg1 regeneration 1549:1560 the complete tissue regeneration 1529:1560 the complete tissue regeneration 1529:1560 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 4 53 theme capacity 715:722 arg1 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 53 theme capacity 715:722 arg1 % 724:724 highest water absorption capacity % 690:724 highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20) 690:741 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 7 54 theme p < 0.05 1334:1341 arg1 measurement 1269:1279 the measurement 1265:1279 the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9) 1265:1407 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 1 55 theme Diabetic 120:127 arg1 patients 129:136 Diabetic patients 120:136 Diabetic patients 120:136 Diabetic patients suffer from impaired wound healing. 31494238 8 56 theme unmedicated 1466:1476 arg1 SC 1478:1479 the unmedicated SC 1462:1479 the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05) 1462:1490 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 8 56 theme unmedicated 1466:1476 arg1 p < 0.05 1482:1489 p < 0.05 1482:1489 p < 0.05 1482:1489 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 4 57 theme drug 769:772 arg1 profile 782:788 the fastest drug release profile 757:788 attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05) 748:799 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 57 theme drug 769:772 arg1 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 p < 0.05 791:798 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 5 58 theme SC-F3 914:918 arg1 structure 901:909 the highly porous structure 883:909 the highly porous structure of SC-F3 883:918 SEM microphotographs showed the highly porous structure of SC-F3. 31494238 2 59 theme Pioglitazone 213:224 arg1 PG 241:242 PG 241:242 PG 241:242 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 59 theme Pioglitazone 213:224 arg1 drug 207:210 the anti-diabetic drug 189:210 the anti-diabetic drug 189:210 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 59 theme Pioglitazone 213:224 arg1 hydrochloride 226:238 Pioglitazone hydrochloride 213:238 Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG) 213:243 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 7 60 theme selected 1109:1116 arg1 SC 1128:1129 the selected PG-loaded SC 1105:1129 the selected PG-loaded SC 1105:1129 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 61 theme PG-loaded 1118:1126 arg1 SC 1128:1129 the selected PG-loaded SC 1105:1129 the selected PG-loaded SC 1105:1129 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 9 62 theme scaffolds 1622:1630 arg1 use 1592:1594 the use 1588:1594 the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds 1588:1630 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 8 63 theme PG-loaded 1410:1418 arg1 SC 1420:1421 PG-loaded SC 1410:1421 PG-loaded SC 1410:1421 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 4 64 dep Investigations 551:564 arg1 examine 569:575 examine 569:575 to examine the prepared SCs 566:592 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 7 65 theme untreated 1226:1234 arg1 group 1236:1240 the untreated group 1222:1240 the untreated group 1222:1240 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 9 66 theme Histopathological 1493:1509 arg1 studies 1511:1517 Histopathological studies 1493:1517 Histopathological studies 1493:1517 Histopathological studies confirmed the complete tissue regeneration and healing process after the use of the selected PG-loaded scaffolds. 31494238 2 67 theme anti-diabetic 193:205 arg1 drug 207:210 the anti-diabetic drug 189:210 the anti-diabetic drug 189:210 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 2 67 theme anti-diabetic 193:205 arg1 hydrochloride 226:238 Pioglitazone hydrochloride 213:238 Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG) 213:243 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 7 68 theme healing 1194:1200 arg1 process 1202:1208 the healing process 1190:1208 the healing process 1190:1208 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 4 69 theme /HPMC 629:633 arg1 2:1 639:641 2:1 639:641 2:1 639:641 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 69 theme /HPMC 629:633 arg1 E5 635:636 CS /HPMC E5 626:636 CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) 626:642 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 10 70 theme safe 1733:1736 arg1 formulation 1738:1748 a simple and safe formulation 1720:1748 a simple and safe formulation 1720:1748 The current study presents a feasible approach to support diabetic wound healing using a simple and safe formulation. 31494238 7 71 theme biomarkers 1374:1383 arg1 % 1308:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 wound contraction % [627% 1284:1308 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 71 theme biomarkers 1374:1383 arg1 % 1317:1317 467% 1314:1317 467% 1314:1317 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 71 theme biomarkers 1374:1383 arg1 level 1360:1364 the level 1356:1364 the level of some biomarkers 1356:1383 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 7 71 theme biomarkers 1374:1383 arg1 biomarkers 1374:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 some biomarkers 1369:1383 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 0 72 theme concept 80:86 arg1 proof 71:75 A proof 69:75 A proof of concept 69:86 Pioglitazone-loaded three-dimensional composite polymeric scaffolds: A proof of concept study in wounded diabetic rats. 31494238 3 73 theme different 421:429 arg1 weight 441:446 different molecular weight 421:446 different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) 421:464 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 4 74 theme highest 690:696 arg1 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 300.09 ± 20.20 727:740 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 4 74 theme highest 690:696 arg1 % 724:724 highest water absorption capacity % 690:724 highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20) 690:741 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 2 75 dep three-dimensional 260:276 arg1 3D 279:280 3D 279:280 3D 279:280 In this study, the anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PG), was loaded in three-dimensional (3D) composite scaffolds (SC) designed to be applied topically for the management of diabetic wounds. 31494238 7 76 theme significant 1163:1173 arg1 improvement 1175:1185 a significant improvement 1161:1185 a significant improvement in the healing process 1161:1208 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 4 77 theme diffusion 838:846 arg1 model 848:852 the diffusion model 834:852 the diffusion model 834:852 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 31494238 7 78 theme % 1308:1308 arg1 measurement 1269:1279 the measurement 1265:1279 the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9) 1265:1407 During the in-vivo studies, both the selected PG-loaded SC and the unmedicated SC showed a significant improvement in the healing process compared to the untreated group, this was evidenced by the measurement of wound contraction % [627% and 467%, respectively, p < 0.05], as well as the level of some biomarkers (TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9). 31494238 3 79 dep weight 441:446 arg1 K15M 460:463 K15M 460:463 K15M 460:463 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 79 dep weight 441:446 arg1 K4M 453:455 K4M 453:455 K4M 453:455 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 3 79 dep weight 441:446 arg1 E5 449:450 E5 449:450 E5 449:450 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) of different molecular weight (E5, K4M or K15M) were used, in different ratios, with chitosan (CS) for the preparation of the 3D-SC. 31494238 1 80 theme wound 159:163 arg1 healing 165:171 impaired wound healing 150:171 impaired wound healing 150:171 Diabetic patients suffer from impaired wound healing. 31494238 8 81 theme better 1443:1448 arg1 effect 1450:1455 a significantly better effect 1427:1455 a significantly better effect 1427:1455 PG-loaded SC had a significantly better effect than the unmedicated SC (p < 0.05). 31494238 4 82 theme release 807:813 arg1 kinetics 815:822 release kinetics 807:822 release kinetics following the diffusion model 807:852 Investigations to examine the prepared SCs revealed that SC-F3 composed of CS /HPMC E5 (2:1) attained the highest porosity (99.12 ± 5.01), highest water absorption capacity % (300.09 ± 20.20), and attained the fastest drug release profile (p < 0.05), with release kinetics following the diffusion model. 30196113 5 0 theme adsorption 773:782 arg1 capacity 784:791 adsorption capacity 773:791 adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La 773:816 The Zr-La species were pH-sensitive and adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La was increased with the rise in temperature. 30196113 7 1 theme real 1181:1184 arg1 applications 1186:1197 real applications 1181:1197 real applications 1181:1197 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 3 2 theme novel 489:493 arg1 composites 495:504 the novel composites 485:504 the novel composites 485:504 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites were evaluated. 30196113 2 3 used used 291:294 arg2 biomaterials 251:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 3 used used 291:294 arg2 peels 274:278 shaddock peels 265:278 shaddock peels (SP) 265:283 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 3 used used 291:294 arg2 hydroxides 384:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 4 4 theme amorphous 578:586 arg1 nanoparticles 588:600 some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles 561:600 some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm 561:624 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 8 5 from SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 arg1 stability 1217:1225 the stability 1213:1225 the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La 1213:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 3 6 theme composites 495:504 arg1 properties 450:459 Phosphate adsorption properties 429:459 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites 429:504 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites were evaluated. 30196113 3 6 theme composites 495:504 arg1 stability 472:480 stability 472:480 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites 429:504 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites were evaluated. 30196113 7 7 theme SP-Zr-La 1169:1176 arg1 feasibility 1154:1164 the more feasibility 1145:1164 the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications 1145:1197 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 8 8 theme effect 1335:1340 arg1 " 1341:1341 the "shielding effect" 1320:1341 the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding 1320:1365 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 1 9 theme monometallic 184:195 arg1 samples 204:210 those monometallic oxides samples 178:210 those monometallic oxides samples 178:210 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 5 10 theme Zr-La 737:741 arg1 species 743:749 The Zr-La species 733:749 The Zr-La species 733:749 The Zr-La species were pH-sensitive and adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La was increased with the rise in temperature. 30196113 5 10 theme Zr-La 737:741 arg1 pH-sensitive 756:767 pH-sensitive 756:767 pH-sensitive 756:767 The Zr-La species were pH-sensitive and adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La was increased with the rise in temperature. 30196113 8 11 from species 1252:1258 arg1 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 2 12 theme bimetallic 331:340 arg1 oxides 342:347 the bimetallic oxides 327:347 the bimetallic oxides 327:347 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 6 13 theme ions/phosphate 897:910 arg1 ratio 875:879 the molar ratio 865:879 the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate 865:910 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 7 14 theme ammonium 1080:1087 arg1 groups 1089:1094 quaternary ammonium groups 1069:1094 quaternary ammonium groups 1069:1094 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 7 15 dep calculated 1101:1110 arg1 Whereas 1012:1018 Whereas 1012:1018 Whereas 1012:1018 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 1 16 theme oxides 197:202 arg1 samples 204:210 those monometallic oxides samples 178:210 those monometallic oxides samples 178:210 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 6 17 theme accompanying 884:895 arg1 ions/phosphate 897:910 accompanying ions/phosphate 884:910 accompanying ions/phosphate 884:910 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 7 18 theme more 1149:1152 arg1 feasibility 1154:1164 the more feasibility 1145:1164 the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications 1145:1197 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 3 19 theme Phosphate 429:437 arg1 properties 450:459 Phosphate adsorption properties 429:459 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites 429:504 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites were evaluated. 30196113 7 20 dep % 1127:1127 arg1 up 1112:1113 up 1112:1113 up 1112:1113 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 1 21 theme Bimetallic 91:100 arg1 nanocomposites 109:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites 91:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites 91:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 0 22 theme Selective 0:8 arg1 removal 10:16 Selective removal 0:16 Selective removal of phosphate by dual Zr and La 0:47 Selective removal of phosphate by dual Zr and La hydroxide/cellulose-based bio-composites. 30196113 7 23 theme quaternary 1069:1078 arg1 groups 1089:1094 quaternary ammonium groups 1069:1094 quaternary ammonium groups 1069:1094 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 1 24 theme oxides 102:107 arg1 nanocomposites 109:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites 91:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites 91:122 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 6 25 dep 10 936:937 arg1 to 933:934 to 933:934 to 933:934 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 0 26 theme phosphate 21:29 arg1 removal 10:16 Selective removal 0:16 Selective removal of phosphate by dual Zr and La 0:47 Selective removal of phosphate by dual Zr and La hydroxide/cellulose-based bio-composites. 30196113 8 27 theme impregnated 1230:1240 arg1 Zr 1242:1243 impregnated Zr and La species 1230:1258 Zr 1242:1243 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 2 28 theme SP-Zr-La 408:415 arg1 composites 417:426 the SP-Zr-La composites 404:426 the SP-Zr-La composites 404:426 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 4 29 theme rod-like 566:573 arg1 nanoparticles 588:600 some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles 561:600 some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm 561:624 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 7 30 from feasibility 1154:1164 arg1 applications 1186:1197 real applications 1181:1197 real applications 1181:1197 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 2 31 theme bio-host 303:310 arg1 biomaterials 251:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 31 theme bio-host 303:310 arg1 hydroxides 384:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 0 32 theme dual 34:37 arg1 Zr 39:40 dual Zr 34:40 dual Zr 34:40 Selective removal of phosphate by dual Zr and La hydroxide/cellulose-based bio-composites. 30196113 7 33 theme cationic 1043:1050 arg1 SP 1052:1053 cationic SP 1043:1053 cationic SP 1043:1053 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 6 34 theme molar 869:873 arg1 ratio 875:879 the molar ratio 865:879 the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate 865:910 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 3 35 theme adsorption 439:448 arg1 properties 450:459 Phosphate adsorption properties 429:459 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites 429:504 Phosphate adsorption properties as well as stability of the novel composites were evaluated. 30196113 5 36 theme phosphate 796:804 arg1 capacity 784:791 adsorption capacity 773:791 adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La 773:816 The Zr-La species were pH-sensitive and adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La was increased with the rise in temperature. 30196113 7 37 theme SP 1052:1053 arg1 loss 1035:1038 the adsorption loss 1020:1038 the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) 1020:1095 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 2 38 theme shaddock 265:272 arg1 SP 281:282 SP 281:282 SP 281:282 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 38 theme shaddock 265:272 arg1 biomaterials 251:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 38 theme shaddock 265:272 arg1 peels 274:278 shaddock peels 265:278 shaddock peels (SP) 265:283 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 8 39 from stability 1217:1225 arg1 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 8 40 theme Zr 1242:1243 arg1 stability 1217:1225 the stability 1213:1225 the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La 1213:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 8 41 theme species 1252:1258 arg1 stability 1217:1225 the stability 1213:1225 the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La 1213:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 8 42 theme shielding 1325:1333 arg1 " 1341:1341 the "shielding effect" 1320:1341 the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding 1320:1365 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 8 43 theme HA 1352:1353 arg1 surrounding 1355:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 4 44 theme adsorbed 718:725 arg1 ions 727:730 the adsorbed ions 714:730 the adsorbed ions 714:730 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 2 45 theme carbohydrate-content 230:249 arg1 biomaterials 251:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 45 theme carbohydrate-content 230:249 arg1 peels 274:278 shaddock peels 265:278 shaddock peels (SP) 265:283 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 45 theme carbohydrate-content 230:249 arg1 hydroxides 384:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 8 46 theme low 1348:1350 arg1 surrounding 1355:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 5 47 from rise 841:844 arg1 temperature 849:859 temperature 849:859 temperature 849:859 The Zr-La species were pH-sensitive and adsorption capacity of phosphate by SP-Zr-La was increased with the rise in temperature. 30196113 8 48 theme La 1249:1250 arg1 species 1252:1258 impregnated Zr and La species 1230:1258 species 1252:1258 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 4 49 theme SP-Zr-La 526:533 arg1 composites 535:544 The SP-Zr-La composites 522:544 The SP-Zr-La composites 522:544 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 2 50 theme high 225:228 arg1 biomaterials 251:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials 221:262 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 50 theme high 225:228 arg1 peels 274:278 shaddock peels 265:278 shaddock peels (SP) 265:283 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 2 50 theme high 225:228 arg1 hydroxides 384:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides 299:393 Herein, the high carbohydrate-content biomaterials, shaddock peels (SP), were used as the bio-host for supporting the bimetallic oxides, zirconium (Zr) and lanthanum (La) hydroxides, forming the SP-Zr-La composites. 30196113 1 51 theme better 145:150 arg1 capacities 162:171 the better phosphate capacities 141:171 the better phosphate capacities 141:171 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 7 52 theme adsorption 1024:1033 arg1 loss 1035:1038 the adsorption loss 1020:1038 the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) 1020:1095 Whereas the adsorption loss of cationic SP (grafted with quaternary ammonium groups) was calculated up to 86.2-91.6%; this indicated the more feasibility of SP-Zr-La in real applications. 30196113 4 53 with nanoparticles 588:600 arg1 sizes 607:611 sizes 607:611 sizes of 20-150 nm 607:624 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 1 54 theme phosphate 152:160 arg1 capacities 162:171 the better phosphate capacities 141:171 the better phosphate capacities 141:171 Bimetallic oxides nanocomposites always exhibited the better phosphate capacities than those monometallic oxides samples. 30196113 8 55 from Zr 1242:1243 arg1 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 SP-Zr-La 1263:1270 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 4 56 theme interface 684:692 arg1 interactions 694:705 more available interface interactions 669:705 more available interface interactions 669:705 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 6 57 theme % 1009:1009 arg1 loss 992:995 the adsorption loss 977:995 the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7% 977:1009 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 6 58 theme adsorption 981:990 arg1 loss 992:995 the adsorption loss 977:995 the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7% 977:1009 As the molar ratio of accompanying ions/phosphate was increased from 0 to 10 times, the SP-Zr-La was observed with the adsorption loss of 27.2-36.7%. 30196113 4 59 theme available 674:682 arg1 interactions 694:705 more available interface interactions 669:705 more available interface interactions 669:705 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 30196113 8 60 from " 1341:1341 arg1 surrounding 1355:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 a low HA surrounding 1346:1365 In addition, the stability of impregnated Zr and La species in SP-Zr-La was greatly improved by the bio-carrier through the "shielding effect" in a low HA surrounding. 30196113 4 61 theme 20-150 nm 616:624 arg1 sizes 607:611 sizes 607:611 sizes of 20-150 nm 607:624 The SP-Zr-La composites indicated that some rod-like or amorphous nanoparticles with sizes of 20-150 nm were anchored inside the SP, which exerted more available interface interactions toward the adsorbed ions. 31181275 0 0 theme physicochemical 65:79 arg1 evaluations 122:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 5 1 theme shear-thinning 993:1006 arg1 behavior 1008:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 1 2 theme extraction 140:149 arg1 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 4 3 theme monomodal 899:907 arg1 distribution 922:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution 897:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures 897:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 4 from skin 375:378 arg1 technique 309:317 the best technique 300:317 the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 300:378 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 0 5 theme rheological 82:92 arg1 evaluations 122:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 1 6 theme best 304:307 arg1 technique 309:317 the best technique 300:317 the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 300:378 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 6 7 theme diffraction 1066:1076 arg1 analysis 1084:1091 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1060:1091 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1060:1091 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE. 31181275 4 8 theme size 917:920 arg1 distribution 922:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution 897:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures 897:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 5 9 theme 1.5-3.0 1033:1039 arg1 % 1040:1040 % 1040:1040 % 1040:1040 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 4 10 theme highest 814:820 arg1 activity 834:841 the highest emulsifying activity 810:841 the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) 810:854 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 10 theme highest 814:820 arg1 % 853:853 61.2-61.3% 844:853 61.2-61.3% 844:853 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 6 11 theme X-ray 1060:1064 arg1 XRD 1079:1081 XRD 1079:1081 XRD 1079:1081 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE. 31181275 6 11 theme X-ray 1060:1064 arg1 diffraction 1066:1076 X-ray diffraction 1060:1076 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1060:1091 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE. 31181275 4 12 theme emulsion 860:867 arg1 stability 869:877 emulsion stability 860:877 emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) 860:890 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 12 theme emulsion 860:867 arg1 % 889:889 94.3-95.2% 880:889 94.3-95.2% 880:889 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 13 dep Ficus 358:362 arg1 L. 371:372 Ficus carica L. 358:372 Ficus carica L. 358:372 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 0 14 theme functional 95:104 arg1 evaluations 122:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 3 15 theme 2,2'-azinobis 593:605 arg1 activity 674:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 4 16 theme galacturonic 727:738 arg1 content 745:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content 715:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) 715:760 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 16 theme galacturonic 727:738 arg1 % 759:759 76.85% 754:759 76.85% 754:759 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 2 17 theme extraction 423:432 arg1 yield 434:438 a more extraction yield 416:438 a more extraction yield than MAE (9.26%), UAE (8.74%), and HWE (6.05%) 416:485 UMAE (11.71%) significantly showed a more extraction yield than MAE (9.26%), UAE (8.74%), and HWE (6.05%). 31181275 0 18 from skin 34:37 arg1 extraction 7:16 Pectin extraction 0:16 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods 0:58 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 4 19 theme maximum 719:725 arg1 content 745:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content 715:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) 715:760 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 19 theme maximum 719:725 arg1 % 759:759 76.85% 754:759 76.85% 754:759 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 20 theme hot-water 162:170 arg1 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 4 21 theme emulsifying 822:832 arg1 activity 834:841 the highest emulsifying activity 810:841 the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) 810:854 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 21 theme emulsifying 822:832 arg1 % 853:853 61.2-61.3% 844:853 61.2-61.3% 844:853 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 0 22 theme Pectin 0:5 arg1 extraction 7:16 Pectin extraction 0:16 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods 0:58 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 3 23 dep pectins 542:548 arg1 DPPH 582:585 DPPH 582:585 DPPH 582:585 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 3 23 dep pectins 542:548 arg1 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl 550:579 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl 550:579 pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) 542:586 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 4 24 theme acid 740:743 arg1 content 745:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content 715:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) 715:760 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 24 theme acid 740:743 arg1 % 759:759 76.85% 754:759 76.85% 754:759 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 5 25 located detected 1021:1028 arg2 behavior 1008:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 5 25 located detected 1021:1028 arg1 pectic-solutions 1042:1057 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions 1033:1057 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions 1033:1057 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 0 26 theme common 23:28 arg1 skin 34:37 common fig skin 23:37 common fig skin 23:37 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 7 27 theme chemical 1288:1295 arg1 structure 1297:1305 chemical structure 1288:1305 chemical structure 1288:1305 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 4 28 theme storage 955:961 arg1 temperatures 963:974 cold and ambient storage temperatures 938:974 temperatures 963:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 7 29 theme photodiode 1183:1192 arg1 array 1194:1198 HPLC photodiode array 1178:1198 HPLC photodiode array detector 1178:1207 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 7 30 theme monosaccharide 1311:1324 arg1 composition 1326:1336 monosaccharide composition 1311:1336 monosaccharide composition 1311:1336 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 1 31 theme assisted 257:264 arg1 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 7 32 theme array 1194:1198 arg1 detector 1200:1207 HPLC photodiode array detector 1178:1207 HPLC photodiode array detector 1178:1207 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 7 33 theme HPLC 1178:1181 arg1 array 1194:1198 HPLC photodiode array 1178:1198 HPLC photodiode array detector 1178:1207 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 3 34 theme 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid 608:645 arg1 activity 674:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 3 35 theme significant 490:500 arg1 capacity 529:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity 488:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) 488:586 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 1 36 theme ultrasound-assisted 179:197 arg1 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 0 37 theme fig 30:32 arg1 skin 34:37 common fig skin 23:37 common fig skin 23:37 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 3 38 theme radical 655:661 arg1 activity 674:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 0 39 theme structural 111:120 arg1 evaluations 122:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations 61:132 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 1 40 theme common 346:351 arg1 Ficus 358:362 Ficus 358:362 Ficus 358:362 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 1 40 theme common 346:351 arg1 fig 353:355 common fig 346:355 the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 342:378 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 6 41 theme non-crystalline 1102:1116 arg1 nature 1118:1123 a non-crystalline nature 1100:1123 a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE 1100:1153 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a non-crystalline nature for pectins extracted by UMAE. 31181275 4 42 from temperatures 963:974 arg1 distribution 922:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution 897:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures 897:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 0 43 theme different 42:50 arg1 methods 52:58 different methods 42:58 different methods 42:58 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 3 44 theme scavenging 663:672 arg1 activity 674:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 4 45 theme molecular 766:774 arg1 weight 776:781 molecular weight 766:781 molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) 766:798 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 45 theme molecular 766:774 arg1 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 46 theme fig 353:355 arg1 skin 375:378 the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 342:378 the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin 342:378 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 1 47 theme extract 322:328 arg1 pectin 330:335 extract pectin 322:335 extract pectin 322:335 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 7 48 theme FTIR 1156:1159 arg1 spectroscopy 1161:1172 FTIR spectroscopy 1156:1172 FTIR spectroscopy 1156:1172 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 3 49 theme ABTS 649:652 arg1 activity 674:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity 593:681 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 5 50 theme non-Newtonian 979:991 arg1 behavior 1008:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior 977:1015 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 4 51 theme cold 938:941 arg1 temperatures 963:974 cold and ambient storage temperatures 938:974 temperatures 963:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 5 52 theme % 1040:1040 arg1 pectic-solutions 1042:1057 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions 1033:1057 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions 1033:1057 A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was detected at 1.5-3.0% pectic-solutions. 31181275 7 53 theme extraction 1246:1255 arg1 technologies 1257:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 3 54 theme dose-dependent 502:515 arg1 capacity 529:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity 488:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) 488:586 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 7 55 theme pectin 1341:1346 arg1 structure 1297:1305 chemical structure 1288:1305 chemical structure 1288:1305 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 7 55 theme pectin 1341:1346 arg1 composition 1326:1336 monosaccharide composition 1311:1336 monosaccharide composition 1311:1336 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 4 56 theme ambient 947:953 arg1 temperatures 963:974 cold and ambient storage temperatures 938:974 temperatures 963:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 2 57 theme more 418:421 arg1 yield 434:438 a more extraction yield 416:438 a more extraction yield than MAE (9.26%), UAE (8.74%), and HWE (6.05%) 416:485 UMAE (11.71%) significantly showed a more extraction yield than MAE (9.26%), UAE (8.74%), and HWE (6.05%). 31181275 3 58 theme antioxidant 517:527 arg1 capacity 529:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity 488:536 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) 488:586 A significant dose-dependent antioxidant capacity for pectins 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was found. 31181275 0 59 dep evaluations 122:132 arg1 extraction 7:16 Pectin extraction 0:16 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods 0:58 Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: The physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. 31181275 7 60 theme conventional 1223:1234 arg1 technologies 1257:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 4 61 with UMAE-pectin 698:708 arg1 weight 776:781 molecular weight 766:781 molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) 766:798 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 61 with UMAE-pectin 698:708 arg1 content 745:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content 715:751 the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) 715:760 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 61 with UMAE-pectin 698:708 arg1 % 759:759 76.85% 754:759 76.85% 754:759 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 4 61 with UMAE-pectin 698:708 arg1 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 6.91 × 103 kDa 784:797 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 62 used utilized 278:285 arg2 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31181275 7 63 theme novel 1240:1244 arg1 technologies 1257:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 conventional and novel extraction technologies 1223:1268 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 7 64 dep structure 1297:1305 arg1 the 1284:1286 the 1284:1286 the 1284:1286 FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC photodiode array detector revealed that conventional and novel extraction technologies do not change the chemical structure and monosaccharide composition of pectin significantly. 31181275 4 65 theme droplet 909:915 arg1 distribution 922:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution 897:933 a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures 897:974 The UMAE-pectin with the maximum galacturonic acid content (76.85%) and molecular weight (6.91 × 103 kDa) presented the highest emulsifying activity (61.2-61.3%) and emulsion stability (94.3-95.2%) with a monomodal droplet size distribution at cold and ambient storage temperatures. 31181275 1 66 theme microwave-assisted 206:223 arg1 methods 151:157 Four extraction methods 135:157 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) 135:271 Four extraction methods of hot-water (HWE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE), microwave-assisted (MAE), and ultrasound-microwave assisted (UMAE) were utilized to determine the best technique to extract pectin from the common fig (Ficus carica L.) skin. 31472853 5 0 from mL-1 925:928 arg1 cells 906:910 human glioblastoma cells 887:910 human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 887:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 5 0 from mL-1 925:928 arg1 levels 877:882 the cellular ROS levels 860:882 the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 860:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 5 1 theme normal 997:1002 arg1 cells 1012:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 2 2 theme xanthocarpa 327:337 arg1 pulp 339:342 Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 314:342 Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 314:342 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 0 3 from effect 10:15 arg1 Berg 77:80 Berg 77:80 Berg 77:80 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 0 3 from effect 10:15 arg1 cells 104:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 6 4 theme antitumor 1103:1111 arg1 potential 1113:1121 the antitumor potential 1099:1121 the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins 1099:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 2 5 theme Campomanesia 314:325 arg1 pulp 339:342 Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 314:342 Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 314:342 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 5 6 from increase 848:855 arg1 levels 877:882 the cellular ROS levels 860:882 the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 860:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 5 7 theme cellular 864:871 arg1 levels 877:882 the cellular ROS levels 860:882 the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 860:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 0 8 theme glioblastoma 91:102 arg1 cells 104:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 5 9 theme 3T3 1008:1010 arg1 cells 1012:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 4 10 theme cytotoxic 761:769 arg1 effects 771:777 their cytotoxic effects 755:777 their cytotoxic effects 755:777 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 6 11 theme first 1076:1080 arg1 investigation 1082:1094 the first investigation 1072:1094 the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins 1072:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 5 12 theme concomitant 836:846 arg1 increase 848:855 concomitant increase 836:855 concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 836:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 0 13 theme human 85:89 arg1 cells 104:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 human glioblastoma cells 85:108 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 3 14 theme type 560:563 arg1 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 14 theme type 560:563 arg1 % 555:555 42.0% 551:555 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 551:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 14 theme type 560:563 arg1 type 560:563 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 14 theme type 560:563 arg1 % 519:519 57.7% 515:519 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) 515:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 14 theme type 560:563 arg1 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans (HG) 524:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 6 15 theme gabiroba 1126:1133 arg1 pectins 1135:1141 gabiroba pectins 1126:1141 gabiroba pectins 1126:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 4 16 theme chromatographic 634:648 arg1 methods 668:674 chromatographic and spectroscopic methods 634:674 chromatographic and spectroscopic methods 634:674 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 1 17 with source 117:122 arg1 effect 151:156 a cytotoxic effect 139:156 a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells 139:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 5 18 dep induced 795:801 arg1 whereas 956:962 whereas 956:962 whereas 956:962 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 4 19 dep GW 677:678 arg1 fractions 693:701 fractions 693:701 fractions 693:701 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 6 20 theme bioactivity 1056:1066 arg1 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 20 theme bioactivity 1056:1066 arg1 investigation 1082:1094 the first investigation 1072:1094 the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins 1072:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 20 theme bioactivity 1056:1066 arg1 report 1037:1042 the first report 1027:1042 the first report of in vitro bioactivity 1027:1066 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 4 21 theme MTT 721:723 arg1 assays 744:749 MTT and crystal violet assays 721:749 MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects 721:777 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 3 22 theme monosaccharide 362:375 arg1 composition 377:387 the monosaccharide composition 358:387 the monosaccharide composition 358:387 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 23 theme galacturonic 419:430 arg1 acid 432:435 galacturonic acid 419:435 galacturonic acid (58.8%) 419:443 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 23 theme galacturonic 419:430 arg1 % 442:442 58.8% 438:442 58.8% 438:442 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 4 24 theme violet 737:742 arg1 assays 744:749 MTT and crystal violet assays 721:749 MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects 721:777 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 5 25 from levels 877:882 arg1 cells 906:910 human glioblastoma cells 887:910 human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 887:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 5 25 from levels 877:882 arg1 mL-1 925:928 25-400 μg mL-1 915:928 25-400 μg mL-1 915:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 1 26 theme glioblastoma 161:172 arg1 cells 174:178 glioblastoma cells 161:178 glioblastoma cells 161:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 0 27 theme Cytotoxic 0:8 arg1 effect 10:15 Cytotoxic effect 0:15 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 0:109 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 3 28 dep type 560:563 arg1 rhamnogalacturonans 567:585 rhamnogalacturonans 567:585 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 28 dep type 560:563 arg1 RG-I 588:591 RG-I 588:591 RG-I 588:591 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 4 29 theme crystal 729:735 arg1 violet 737:742 crystal violet 729:742 crystal violet 729:742 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 2 30 theme pectin 289:294 arg1 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 2 30 theme pectin 289:294 arg1 extract 296:302 the crude pectin extract 279:302 the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 279:342 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 5 31 theme treatment 945:953 arg1 48 h 937:940 48 h 937:940 48 h of treatment 937:953 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 0 32 theme crude 20:24 arg1 pectins 39:45 crude and purified pectins 20:45 crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg 20:80 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 2 33 from pulp 339:342 arg1 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 2 33 from pulp 339:342 arg1 extract 296:302 the crude pectin extract 279:302 the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 279:342 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 2 34 theme crude 283:287 arg1 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 GW 305:306 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 2 34 theme crude 283:287 arg1 extract 296:302 the crude pectin extract 279:302 the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp 279:342 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 6 35 theme first 1031:1035 arg1 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 35 theme first 1031:1035 arg1 report 1037:1042 the first report 1027:1042 the first report of in vitro bioactivity 1027:1066 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 1 36 theme cytotoxic 141:149 arg1 effect 151:156 a cytotoxic effect 139:156 a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells 139:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 0 37 theme purified 30:37 arg1 pectins 39:45 crude and purified pectins 20:45 crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg 20:80 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 6 38 dep in 1047:1048 arg1 vitro 1050:1054 vitro 1050:1054 vitro 1050:1054 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 0 39 from Berg 77:80 arg1 pectins 39:45 crude and purified pectins 20:45 crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg 20:80 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 0 39 from Berg 77:80 arg1 effect 10:15 Cytotoxic effect 0:15 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 0:109 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 5 40 theme glioblastoma 893:904 arg1 cells 906:910 human glioblastoma cells 887:910 human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 887:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 6 41 theme in 1047:1048 arg1 bioactivity 1056:1066 in vitro bioactivity 1047:1066 in vitro bioactivity 1047:1066 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 42 theme potential 1113:1121 arg1 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This 1019:1022 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 42 theme potential 1113:1121 arg1 investigation 1082:1094 the first investigation 1072:1094 the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins 1072:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 6 42 theme potential 1113:1121 arg1 report 1037:1042 the first report 1027:1042 the first report of in vitro bioactivity 1027:1066 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 31472853 3 43 theme homogalacturonans 524:540 arg1 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 43 theme homogalacturonans 524:540 arg1 % 555:555 42.0% 551:555 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 551:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 43 theme homogalacturonans 524:540 arg1 type 560:563 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 43 theme homogalacturonans 524:540 arg1 % 519:519 57.7% 515:519 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) 515:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 43 theme homogalacturonans 524:540 arg1 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans (HG) 524:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 2 44 dep fraction 217:224 arg1 Mw 227:228 Mw 227:228 Mw of 29,170 g mol-1 227:246 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 2 45 theme GWP-FP-S 208:215 arg1 fraction 217:224 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction 194:224 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) 194:247 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 5 46 theme NIH 1004:1006 arg1 cells 1012:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 normal NIH 3T3 cells 997:1016 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 0 47 theme pectins 39:45 arg1 effect 10:15 Cytotoxic effect 0:15 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 0:109 Cytotoxic effect of crude and purified pectins from Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg on human glioblastoma cells. 31472853 5 48 theme 25-400 μg 915:923 arg1 mL-1 925:928 25-400 μg mL-1 915:928 25-400 μg mL-1 915:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 2 49 theme homogeneous 196:206 arg1 fraction 217:224 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction 194:224 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) 194:247 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 1 50 theme new 113:115 arg1 source 117:122 A new source 111:122 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells 111:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 5 51 theme human 887:891 arg1 cells 906:910 human glioblastoma cells 887:910 human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 887:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 5 52 theme ROS 873:875 arg1 levels 877:882 the cellular ROS levels 860:882 the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1 860:928 Both fractions induced cytotoxicity (15.55-37.65%) with concomitant increase in the cellular ROS levels in human glioblastoma cells at 25-400 μg mL-1, after 48 h of treatment, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed for normal NIH 3T3 cells. 31472853 4 53 theme spectroscopic 654:666 arg1 methods 668:674 chromatographic and spectroscopic methods 634:674 chromatographic and spectroscopic methods 634:674 These structures were characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods; GW and GWP-FP-S fractions were evaluated by MTT and crystal violet assays for their cytotoxic effects. 31472853 2 54 theme 29,170 g mol-1 233:246 arg1 Mw 227:228 Mw 227:228 Mw of 29,170 g mol-1 227:246 A homogeneous GWP-FP-S fraction (Mw of 29,170 g mol-1) was obtained by fractionating the crude pectin extract (GW) from Campomanesia xanthocarpa pulp. 31472853 1 55 theme pectin 127:132 arg1 source 117:122 A new source 111:122 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells 111:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 3 56 theme 57.7 515:518 arg1 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 HG 543:544 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 56 theme 57.7 515:518 arg1 type 560:563 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I) 560:592 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 56 theme 57.7 515:518 arg1 % 519:519 57.7% 515:519 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) 515:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 3 56 theme 57.7 515:518 arg1 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans 524:540 homogalacturonans (HG) 524:545 According to the monosaccharide composition, the GWP-FP-S was composed of galacturonic acid (58.8%), arabinose (28.5%), galactose (11.3%) and rhamnose (1.1%), comprising 57.7% of homogalacturonans (HG) and 42.0% of type I rhamnogalacturonans (RG-I). 31472853 1 57 from effect 151:156 arg1 cells 174:178 glioblastoma cells 161:178 glioblastoma cells 161:178 A new source of pectin with a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells is presented. 31472853 6 58 theme pectins 1135:1141 arg1 potential 1113:1121 the antitumor potential 1099:1121 the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins 1099:1141 This is the first report of in vitro bioactivity and the first investigation of the antitumor potential of gabiroba pectins. 29569779 4 0 theme sucrose 515:521 arg1 hydrolysis 523:532 sucrose hydrolysis 515:532 sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV) 515:562 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 11 1 theme abnormal 1299:1306 arg1 biosynthesis 1318:1329 abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties 1299:1356 biosynthesis 1318:1329 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 1 2 theme direct 160:165 arg1 UDP-glucose 141:151 UDP-glucose 141:151 UDP-glucose 141:151 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 1 2 theme direct 160:165 arg1 precursor 167:175 the direct precursor 156:175 the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis 156:202 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 11 3 theme altered 1368:1374 arg1 organization 1386:1397 altered cellulose organization 1368:1397 altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition 1368:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 9 4 theme deficient 923:931 arg1 production 943:952 deficient cell wall production 923:952 deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both 923:1019 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 4 5 theme cytosolic 537:545 arg1 CINV 558:561 CINV 558:561 CINV 558:561 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 4 5 theme cytosolic 537:545 arg1 invertase 547:555 cytosolic invertase 537:555 cytosolic invertase (CINV) 537:562 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 11 6 theme cellulose 1308:1316 arg1 biosynthesis 1318:1329 abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties 1299:1356 biosynthesis 1318:1329 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 7 theme cellulose 1376:1384 arg1 organization 1386:1397 altered cellulose organization 1368:1397 altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition 1368:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 2 8 theme metabolic 364:372 arg1 pathways 374:381 two distinct metabolic pathways 351:381 two distinct metabolic pathways 351:381 UDP-glucose is generated from sucrose by two distinct metabolic pathways. 29569779 12 9 theme differential 1581:1592 arg1 responses 1594:1602 differential responses 1581:1602 differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation 1581:1662 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 0 10 theme Arabidopsis 108:118 arg1 thaliana 120:127 Arabidopsis thaliana 108:127 Arabidopsis thaliana 108:127 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 10 11 from growth 1132:1137 arg1 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Here, we present results indicating that the CINV/UGP pathway contributes to anisotropic growth and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 1 12 from precursor 167:175 arg1 plants 133:138 plants 133:138 plants 133:138 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 11 13 theme Biochemical 1182:1192 arg1 data 1206:1209 Biochemical and imaging data 1182:1209 Biochemical and imaging data 1182:1209 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 14 theme cinv1 1607:1611 arg1 seedlings 1619:1627 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1607:1627 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1607:1627 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 9 15 theme wall 938:941 arg1 production 943:952 deficient cell wall production 923:952 deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both 923:1019 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 4 16 theme second 491:496 arg1 pathway 498:504 The second pathway 487:504 The second pathway 487:504 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 8 17 theme reduced 869:875 arg1 growth 877:882 drastically reduced growth 857:882 drastically reduced growth 857:882 USA, 106, 2009 and 13124) have found that an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 displayed drastically reduced growth. 29569779 13 18 theme carbon 1863:1868 arg1 allocation 1870:1879 carbon allocation 1863:1879 carbon allocation 1863:1879 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 10 19 theme CINV/UGP 1088:1095 arg1 pathway 1097:1103 the CINV/UGP pathway 1084:1103 the CINV/UGP pathway 1084:1103 Here, we present results indicating that the CINV/UGP pathway contributes to anisotropic growth and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 20 theme microtubule 1335:1345 arg1 properties 1347:1356 abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties 1299:1356 properties 1347:1356 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 13 21 theme previous 1772:1779 arg1 studies 1781:1787 previous studies 1772:1787 previous studies 1772:1787 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 0 22 theme thaliana 120:127 arg1 seedlings 95:103 seedlings 95:103 seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana 95:127 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 4 23 theme glucose 579:585 arg1 hydrolysis 523:532 sucrose hydrolysis 515:532 sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV) 515:562 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 4 23 theme glucose 579:585 arg1 generation 651:660 UDP-glucose generation 639:660 UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) 639:699 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 4 23 theme glucose 579:585 arg1 conversion 565:574 conversion 565:574 conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate 565:632 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 9 24 theme limited 964:970 arg1 supply 984:989 limited UDP-glucose supply 964:989 limited UDP-glucose supply 964:989 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 1 25 theme cellulose 181:189 arg1 biosynthesis 191:202 cellulose biosynthesis 181:202 cellulose biosynthesis 181:202 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 13 26 theme central 1819:1825 arg1 roles 1827:1831 central roles 1819:1831 central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis 1819:1894 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 13 27 from roles 1827:1831 arg1 Arabidopsis 1884:1894 Arabidopsis 1884:1894 Arabidopsis 1884:1894 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 13 27 from roles 1827:1831 arg1 biosynthesis 1846:1857 cellulose biosynthesis 1836:1857 cellulose biosynthesis 1836:1857 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 13 27 from roles 1827:1831 arg1 allocation 1870:1879 carbon allocation 1863:1879 carbon allocation 1863:1879 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 28 from production 1279:1288 arg1 deficient 1254:1262 deficient 1254:1262 deficient 1254:1262 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 29 theme matrix 1430:1435 arg1 composition 1452:1462 matrix polysaccharide composition 1430:1462 matrix polysaccharide composition 1430:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 30 theme CINV/UGP 1485:1492 arg1 pathway 1494:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 30 theme CINV/UGP 1485:1492 arg1 route 1521:1525 a key metabolic route 1505:1525 a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis 1505:1565 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 0 31 theme Cytosolic 0:8 arg1 invertases 10:19 Cytosolic invertases 0:19 Cytosolic invertases 0:19 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 1 32 theme wall 281:284 arg1 polysaccharides 293:307 wall matrix polysaccharides 281:307 wall matrix polysaccharides 281:307 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 10 33 from biosynthesis 1153:1164 arg1 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Arabidopsis 1169:1179 Here, we present results indicating that the CINV/UGP pathway contributes to anisotropic growth and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 34 from partitioning 1714:1725 arg1 Arabidopsis 1730:1740 Arabidopsis 1730:1740 Arabidopsis 1730:1740 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 35 theme metabolic 1511:1519 arg1 pathway 1494:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 35 theme metabolic 1511:1519 arg1 route 1521:1525 a key metabolic route 1505:1525 a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis 1505:1565 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 3 36 theme first 388:392 arg1 conversion 416:425 the direct conversion 405:425 the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase 405:484 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 3 36 theme first 388:392 arg1 pathway 394:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 1 37 theme matrix 286:291 arg1 polysaccharides 293:307 wall matrix polysaccharides 281:307 wall matrix polysaccharides 281:307 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 11 38 from synthesis 1542:1550 arg1 Arabidopsis 1555:1565 Arabidopsis 1555:1565 Arabidopsis 1555:1565 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 39 theme imaging 1198:1204 arg1 data 1206:1209 Biochemical and imaging data 1182:1209 Biochemical and imaging data 1182:1209 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 4 40 theme UDP-glucose 665:675 arg1 pyrophosphorylase 677:693 UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 665:693 UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) 665:699 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 4 40 theme UDP-glucose 665:675 arg1 UGP 696:698 UGP 696:698 UGP 696:698 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29569779 13 41 theme cellulose 1836:1844 arg1 biosynthesis 1846:1857 cellulose biosynthesis 1836:1857 cellulose biosynthesis 1836:1857 From these data and those of previous studies, we conclude that CINVs serve central roles in cellulose biosynthesis and carbon allocation in Arabidopsis. 29569779 1 42 theme polysaccharides 293:307 arg1 biosynthesis 265:276 the biosynthesis 261:276 the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides 261:307 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 12 43 theme carbon 1707:1712 arg1 partitioning 1714:1725 carbon partitioning 1707:1725 carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis 1707:1740 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 44 theme CINVs 1686:1690 arg1 function 1674:1681 a function 1672:1681 a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis 1672:1740 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 45 theme cinv1 1228:1232 arg1 seedlings 1240:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 46 theme sugar 1642:1646 arg1 supplementation 1648:1662 exogenous sugar supplementation 1632:1662 exogenous sugar supplementation 1632:1662 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 47 theme key 1507:1509 arg1 pathway 1494:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 the CINV/UGP pathway 1481:1500 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 47 theme key 1507:1509 arg1 route 1521:1525 a key metabolic route 1505:1525 a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis 1505:1565 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 0 48 theme cellulose 35:43 arg1 biosynthesis 45:56 cellulose biosynthesis 35:56 cellulose biosynthesis 35:56 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 3 49 theme sucrose 430:436 arg1 conversion 416:425 the direct conversion 405:425 the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase 405:484 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 3 49 theme sucrose 430:436 arg1 pathway 394:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 0 50 from partitioning 79:90 arg1 seedlings 95:103 seedlings 95:103 seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana 95:127 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 9 51 theme UDP-glucose 972:982 arg1 supply 984:989 limited UDP-glucose supply 964:989 limited UDP-glucose supply 964:989 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 3 52 theme sucrose 469:475 arg1 synthase 477:484 sucrose synthase 469:484 sucrose synthase 469:484 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 3 53 theme direct 409:414 arg1 conversion 416:425 the direct conversion 405:425 the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase 405:484 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 3 53 theme direct 409:414 arg1 pathway 394:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway 384:400 The first pathway is the direct conversion of sucrose to UDP-glucose and fructose by sucrose synthase. 29569779 5 54 dep et al 722:726 arg1 Proc 730:733 Proc 730:733 Proc 730:733 Previously, Barratt et al. (Proc. 29569779 11 55 theme UDP-glucose 1267:1277 arg1 production 1279:1288 UDP-glucose production 1267:1288 UDP-glucose production 1267:1288 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 8 56 dep USA 752:754 arg1 13124 771:775 13124 771:775 13124 771:775 USA, 106, 2009 and 13124) have found that an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 displayed drastically reduced growth. 29569779 8 56 dep USA 752:754 arg1 2009 762:765 2009 762:765 2009 762:765 USA, 106, 2009 and 13124) have found that an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 displayed drastically reduced growth. 29569779 2 57 theme distinct 355:362 arg1 pathways 374:381 two distinct metabolic pathways 351:381 two distinct metabolic pathways 351:381 UDP-glucose is generated from sucrose by two distinct metabolic pathways. 29569779 11 58 theme cinv2 1234:1238 arg1 seedlings 1240:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 10 59 theme cellulose 1143:1151 arg1 biosynthesis 1153:1164 cellulose biosynthesis 1143:1164 cellulose biosynthesis 1143:1164 Here, we present results indicating that the CINV/UGP pathway contributes to anisotropic growth and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 9 60 theme pleiotropic 992:1002 arg1 effects 1004:1010 pleiotropic effects 992:1010 pleiotropic effects 992:1010 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 8 61 theme double 809:814 arg1 mutant 816:821 an Arabidopsis double mutant 794:821 an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 794:845 USA, 106, 2009 and 13124) have found that an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 displayed drastically reduced growth. 29569779 9 62 theme reduced 898:904 arg1 growth 906:911 this reduced growth 893:911 this reduced growth 893:911 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 8 63 theme Arabidopsis 797:807 arg1 mutant 816:821 an Arabidopsis double mutant 794:821 an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 794:845 USA, 106, 2009 and 13124) have found that an Arabidopsis double mutant lacking CINV1 and CINV2 displayed drastically reduced growth. 29569779 11 64 from deficient 1254:1262 arg1 production 1279:1288 UDP-glucose production 1267:1288 UDP-glucose production 1267:1288 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 65 theme polysaccharide 1437:1450 arg1 composition 1452:1462 matrix polysaccharide composition 1430:1462 matrix polysaccharide composition 1430:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 66 theme substantial 1407:1417 arg1 changes 1419:1425 substantial changes 1407:1425 substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition 1407:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 1 67 theme other 231:235 arg1 NDP-sugars 237:246 other NDP-sugars 231:246 other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides 231:307 In plants, UDP-glucose is the direct precursor for cellulose biosynthesis, and can be converted into other NDP-sugars required for the biosynthesis of wall matrix polysaccharides. 29569779 9 68 theme cell 933:936 arg1 production 943:952 deficient cell wall production 923:952 deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both 923:1019 Whether this reduced growth is due to deficient cell wall production caused by limited UDP-glucose supply, pleiotropic effects, or both, remained unresolved. 29569779 12 69 theme cinv2 1613:1617 arg1 seedlings 1619:1627 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1607:1627 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1607:1627 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 10 70 theme anisotropic 1120:1130 arg1 growth 1132:1137 anisotropic growth 1120:1137 anisotropic growth 1120:1137 Here, we present results indicating that the CINV/UGP pathway contributes to anisotropic growth and cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 71 theme UDP-glucose 1530:1540 arg1 synthesis 1542:1550 UDP-glucose synthesis 1530:1550 UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis 1530:1565 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 72 theme exogenous 1632:1640 arg1 supplementation 1648:1662 exogenous sugar supplementation 1632:1662 exogenous sugar supplementation 1632:1662 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 0 73 theme carbon 72:77 arg1 partitioning 79:90 carbon partitioning 72:90 carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana 72:127 Cytosolic invertases contribute to cellulose biosynthesis and influence carbon partitioning in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. 29569779 11 74 contain have 1363:1366 arg1 seedlings 1240:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 cinv1 cinv2 seedlings 1228:1248 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 11 74 contain have 1363:1366 arg2 organization 1386:1397 altered cellulose organization 1368:1397 altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition 1368:1462 Biochemical and imaging data demonstrate that cinv1 cinv2 seedlings are deficient in UDP-glucose production, exhibit abnormal cellulose biosynthesis and microtubule properties, and have altered cellulose organization without substantial changes to matrix polysaccharide composition, suggesting that the CINV/UGP pathway is a key metabolic route to UDP-glucose synthesis in Arabidopsis. 29569779 12 75 theme seedlings 1619:1627 arg1 responses 1594:1602 differential responses 1581:1602 differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation 1581:1662 Furthermore, differential responses of cinv1 cinv2 seedlings to exogenous sugar supplementation support a function of CINVs in influencing carbon partitioning in Arabidopsis. 29569779 4 76 theme UDP-glucose 639:649 arg1 generation 651:660 UDP-glucose generation 639:660 UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) 639:699 The second pathway involves sucrose hydrolysis by cytosolic invertase (CINV), conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate, and UDP-glucose generation by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP). 29797591 1 0 theme interaction 189:199 arg1 chromatography 208:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 5 1 theme Gaussian 873:880 arg1 shapes 887:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes 866:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides 866:923 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 0 2 from behavior 16:23 arg1 chromatography 94:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 1 3 theme liquid 201:206 arg1 chromatography 208:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 6 4 theme suitable 1018:1025 arg1 choice 1027:1032 the most suitable choice 1009:1032 the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides 1009:1080 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 6 4 theme suitable 1018:1025 arg1 phase 1000:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 2 5 from concentration 369:381 arg1 phase 440:444 the mobile phase 429:444 the mobile phase 429:444 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 3 6 theme phase 613:617 arg1 properties 619:628 stationary phase properties 602:628 stationary phase properties 602:628 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 3 7 theme mobile 634:639 arg1 composition 647:657 mobile phase composition 634:657 mobile phase composition 634:657 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 1 8 theme amide- 298:303 arg1 phases 339:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 3 9 theme phase 641:645 arg1 composition 647:657 mobile phase composition 634:657 mobile phase composition 634:657 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 5 10 theme nucleosides 913:923 arg1 shapes 887:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes 866:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides 866:923 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 2 11 theme ratio 420:424 arg1 effects 351:357 The effects 347:357 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape 347:472 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 2 12 theme concentration 369:381 arg1 effects 351:357 The effects 347:357 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape 347:472 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 4 13 theme broad 774:778 arg1 peaks 797:801 very broad and asymmetrical peaks 769:801 very broad and asymmetrical peaks 769:801 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 2 14 from pH 384:385 arg1 phase 440:444 the mobile phase 429:444 the mobile phase 429:444 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 4 15 theme bare 664:667 arg1 unsuitable 687:696 unsuitable 687:696 unsuitable for these compounds 687:716 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 4 15 theme bare 664:667 arg1 column 676:681 The bare silica column 660:681 The bare silica column 660:681 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 5 16 theme peak 882:885 arg1 shapes 887:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes 866:892 almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides 866:923 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 2 17 from ratio 420:424 arg1 phase 440:444 the mobile phase 429:444 the mobile phase 429:444 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 3 18 theme stationary 602:611 arg1 properties 619:628 stationary phase properties 602:628 stationary phase properties 602:628 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 3 19 theme retention 493:501 arg1 coefficients 503:514 The retention coefficients 489:514 The retention coefficients 489:514 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 5 20 theme deazapurine 901:911 arg1 nucleosides 913:923 all deazapurine nucleosides 897:923 all deazapurine nucleosides 897:923 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 1 21 from nucleosides 162:172 arg1 chromatography 208:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 2 22 theme buffer 362:367 arg1 concentration 369:381 buffer concentration 362:381 buffer concentration 362:381 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 0 23 theme Chromatographic 0:14 arg1 behavior 16:23 Chromatographic behavior 0:23 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 0:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 1 24 theme cyclofructan-based 309:326 arg1 phases 339:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 1 25 theme chromatographic 114:128 arg1 behavior 130:137 The chromatographic behavior 110:137 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 110:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 2 26 theme mobile 433:438 arg1 phase 440:444 the mobile phase 429:444 the mobile phase 429:444 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 0 27 theme new 28:30 arg1 ribonucleosides 44:58 new deazapurine ribonucleosides 28:58 new deazapurine ribonucleosides 28:58 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 1 28 theme stationary 328:337 arg1 phases 339:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases 298:344 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 3 29 theme peak 520:523 arg1 values 534:539 peak symmetry values 520:539 peak symmetry values 520:539 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 5 30 theme most 931:934 arg1 conditions 936:945 most conditions 931:945 most conditions tested 931:952 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 6 31 theme stationary 989:998 arg1 choice 1027:1032 the most suitable choice 1009:1032 the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides 1009:1080 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 6 31 theme stationary 989:998 arg1 phase 1000:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 2 32 theme acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part 391:418 arg1 ratio 420:424 acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio 391:424 acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio 391:424 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 1 33 theme different 245:253 arg1 phases 266:271 three different stationary phases 239:271 three different stationary phases 239:271 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 0 34 theme ribonucleosides 44:58 arg1 behavior 16:23 Chromatographic behavior 0:23 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 0:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 2 35 theme pH 384:385 arg1 effects 351:357 The effects 347:357 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape 347:472 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 6 36 theme cyclofructan-based 970:987 arg1 choice 1027:1032 the most suitable choice 1009:1032 the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides 1009:1080 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 6 36 theme cyclofructan-based 970:987 arg1 phase 1000:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 966:1004 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 1 37 theme stationary 255:264 arg1 phases 266:271 three different stationary phases 239:271 three different stationary phases 239:271 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 0 38 theme deazapurine 32:42 arg1 ribonucleosides 44:58 new deazapurine ribonucleosides 28:58 new deazapurine ribonucleosides 28:58 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 6 39 theme nucleosides 1070:1080 arg1 analysis 1058:1065 the chromatographic analysis 1038:1065 the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides 1038:1080 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 2 40 from phase 440:444 arg1 effects 351:357 The effects 347:357 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape 347:472 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 5 41 theme stationary 840:849 arg1 phase 851:855 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 817:855 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 817:855 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 0 42 theme hydrophilic 63:73 arg1 chromatography 94:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 1 43 theme new 142:144 arg1 nucleosides 162:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides 142:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 142:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 4 44 theme silica 669:674 arg1 unsuitable 687:696 unsuitable 687:696 unsuitable for these compounds 687:716 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 4 44 theme silica 669:674 arg1 column 676:681 The bare silica column 660:681 The bare silica column 660:681 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 1 45 theme biogenic 146:153 arg1 nucleosides 162:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides 142:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 142:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 1 46 from behavior 130:137 arg1 chromatography 208:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 6 47 theme chromatographic 1042:1056 arg1 analysis 1058:1065 the chromatographic analysis 1038:1065 the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides 1038:1080 Therefore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase is the most suitable choice for the chromatographic analysis of nucleosides. 29797591 1 48 theme purine 155:160 arg1 nucleosides 162:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides 142:172 new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 142:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 5 49 theme cyclofructan-based 821:838 arg1 phase 851:855 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 817:855 the cyclofructan-based stationary phase 817:855 Furthermore, the cyclofructan-based stationary phase provided almost Gaussian peak shapes of all deazapurine nucleosides under most conditions tested. 29797591 1 50 theme nucleosides 162:172 arg1 behavior 130:137 The chromatographic behavior 110:137 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 110:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 3 51 theme symmetry 525:532 arg1 values 534:539 peak symmetry values 520:539 peak symmetry values 520:539 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 0 52 theme liquid 87:92 arg1 chromatography 94:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 2 53 dep retention 449:457 arg1 shape 468:472 shape 468:472 shape 468:472 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 3 54 theme analytes´ 580:588 arg1 structures 590:599 analytes´ structures 580:599 analytes´ structures 580:599 The retention coefficients and peak symmetry values substantially differed with respect to analytes´ structures, stationary phase properties and mobile phase composition. 29797591 4 55 theme chromatographic 728:742 arg1 conditions 744:753 the chromatographic conditions 724:753 the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks 724:801 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 29797591 1 56 theme bare 281:284 arg1 silica 286:291 bare silica 281:291 bare silica 281:291 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 0 57 theme interaction 75:85 arg1 chromatography 94:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 63:107 Chromatographic behavior of new deazapurine ribonucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. 29797591 1 58 from chromatography 208:221 arg1 behavior 130:137 The chromatographic behavior 110:137 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 110:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 1 59 theme hydrophilic 177:187 arg1 chromatography 208:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography 177:221 The chromatographic behavior of new biogenic purine nucleosides in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was examined on three different stationary phases, namely bare silica, and amide- and cyclofructan-based stationary phases. 29797591 2 60 from effects 351:357 arg1 peak 463:466 peak 463:466 peak 463:466 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 2 60 from effects 351:357 arg1 retention 449:457 retention 449:457 retention 449:457 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 2 60 from effects 351:357 arg1 phase 440:444 the mobile phase 429:444 the mobile phase 429:444 The effects of buffer concentration, pH and acetonitrile-to-aqueous-part ratio in the mobile phase on retention and peak shape were assessed. 29797591 4 61 theme asymmetrical 784:795 arg1 peaks 797:801 very broad and asymmetrical peaks 769:801 very broad and asymmetrical peaks 769:801 The bare silica column was unsuitable for these compounds under the chromatographic conditions tested due to very broad and asymmetrical peaks. 31873180 0 0 theme IL-1 92:95 arg1 beta 97:100 IL-1 beta 92:100 IL-1 beta 92:100 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 6 1 theme Malt-1 913:918 arg1 expression 920:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression 883:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 883:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 5 2 theme Cell 719:722 arg1 assay 747:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 2 3 theme xylose 376:381 arg1 composition 340:350 a monosaccharide composition 323:350 a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose 323:381 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 5 4 theme Kit-8 733:737 arg1 assay 747:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 2 5 theme % 374:374 arg1 xylose 376:381 9% xylose 373:381 9% xylose 373:381 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 4 6 theme acetyl-xylogalactan 586:604 arg1 treatment 606:614 acetyl-xylogalactan treatment 586:614 acetyl-xylogalactan treatment 586:614 After acetyl-xylogalactan treatment, RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation was noted, along with enhanced phagocytic ability. 31873180 0 7 theme cytokine 102:109 arg1 production 111:120 cytokine production 102:120 cytokine production 102:120 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 5 8 from alteration 812:821 arg1 levels 848:853 lactate dehydrogenase levels 826:853 lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells 826:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 9 9 theme RAW 1621:1623 arg1 polarisation 1642:1653 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 1621:1653 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 1621:1653 Thus, acetyl-xylogalactan can positively regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation. 31873180 7 10 theme cytokine 1276:1283 arg1 production 1285:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 8 11 from genes 1416:1420 arg1 analysis 1443:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 4 12 theme RAW 617:619 arg1 polarisation 638:649 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 617:649 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 617:649 After acetyl-xylogalactan treatment, RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation was noted, along with enhanced phagocytic ability. 31873180 7 13 theme regulated 1266:1274 arg1 production 1285:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 6 14 theme TNF 904:906 arg1 expression 920:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression 883:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 883:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 7 15 dep S. 1225:1226 arg1 suieae 1228:1233 suieae 1228:1233 suieae 1228:1233 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 7 15 dep S. 1225:1226 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 1235:1253 acetyl-xylogalactan 1235:1253 acetyl-xylogalactan 1235:1253 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 7 16 theme protein 1311:1317 arg1 secretion 1319:1327 protein secretion 1311:1327 protein secretion 1311:1327 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 6 17 theme suieae 1115:1120 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 1122:1140 S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 1112:1140 S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 1112:1140 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 3 18 theme NMR 490:492 arg1 spectroscopy 494:505 NMR spectroscopy 490:505 NMR spectroscopy 490:505 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy revealed the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa. 31873180 5 19 theme dehydrogenase 834:846 arg1 levels 848:853 lactate dehydrogenase levels 826:853 lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells 826:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 6 20 theme polymerase 1051:1060 arg1 reaction 1068:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 8 21 theme GO 1429:1430 arg1 analysis 1443:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 4 22 theme phagocytic 682:691 arg1 ability 693:699 enhanced phagocytic ability 673:699 enhanced phagocytic ability 673:699 After acetyl-xylogalactan treatment, RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation was noted, along with enhanced phagocytic ability. 31873180 5 23 theme lactate 826:832 arg1 dehydrogenase 834:846 lactate dehydrogenase 826:846 lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells 826:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 7 24 theme sequencing 1183:1192 arg1 results 1203:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 2 25 theme extracted 289:297 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 299:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan 284:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan 284:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 6 26 theme S. 1112:1113 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 1122:1140 S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 1112:1140 S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 1112:1140 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 2 27 theme acetyl 408:413 arg1 contents 415:422 acetyl contents 408:422 acetyl contents 408:422 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 0 28 theme suieae 9:14 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 16:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 0:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 0:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 5 29 from levels 848:853 arg1 cells 870:874 the treated cells 858:874 the treated cells 858:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 2 30 theme 91 355:356 arg1 % 357:357 % 357:357 % 357:357 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 1 31 theme acetyl-xylogalactan 180:198 arg1 effects 169:175 the effects 165:175 the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 165:266 In this study, the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation were evaluated. 31873180 0 32 theme Sarcodia 0:7 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 16:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 0:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 0:34 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 6 33 theme S. 973:974 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 983:1001 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 969:1001 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 969:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 8 34 theme target 1409:1414 arg1 genes 1416:1420 The predicted target genes 1395:1420 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis 1395:1450 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 7 35 theme observed 1376:1383 arg1 terms 1388:1392 the observed GO terms 1372:1392 the observed GO terms 1372:1392 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 2 36 theme % 441:441 arg1 polysaccharide 389:402 polysaccharide 389:402 polysaccharide 389:402 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 2 36 theme % 441:441 arg1 contents 415:422 acetyl contents 408:422 acetyl contents 408:422 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 5 37 theme Counting 724:731 arg1 assay 747:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 0 38 dep activation 77:86 arg1 production 111:120 cytokine production 102:120 cytokine production 102:120 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 3 39 theme mass 468:471 arg1 spectrometry 473:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 458:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 458:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy revealed the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa. 31873180 2 40 contain had 319:321 arg2 composition 340:350 a monosaccharide composition 323:350 a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose 323:381 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 2 40 contain had 319:321 arg1 acetyl-xylogalactan 299:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan 284:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan 284:317 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 0 41 theme macrophage 125:134 arg1 polarization 136:147 macrophage polarization 125:147 macrophage polarization 125:147 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 6 42 theme IL 896:897 arg1 expression 920:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression 883:929 interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 883:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 2 43 theme monosaccharide 325:338 arg1 composition 340:350 a monosaccharide composition 323:350 a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose 323:381 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 7 44 theme analysis 1194:1201 arg1 results 1203:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 2 45 theme % 431:431 arg1 polysaccharide 389:402 polysaccharide 389:402 polysaccharide 389:402 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 2 45 theme % 431:431 arg1 contents 415:422 acetyl contents 408:422 acetyl contents 408:422 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 5 46 theme non-significant 796:810 arg1 alteration 812:821 non-significant alteration 796:821 non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells 796:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 7 47 theme IL-1 1346:1349 arg1 activation 1351:1360 IL-1 activation 1346:1360 IL-1 activation 1346:1360 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 7 48 theme S. 1225:1226 arg1 production 1285:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production 1221:1294 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 0 49 theme RAW 45:47 arg1 B 75:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B 45:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation 45:86 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 5 50 theme CCK-8 740:744 arg1 assay 747:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 715:751 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 6 51 theme interleukin 883:893 arg1 IL 896:897 interleukin (IL) 1β 883:901 interleukin (IL) 1β 883:901 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 6 52 theme real-time 1028:1036 arg1 reaction 1068:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 3 53 theme MALDI-TOF 458:466 arg1 spectrometry 473:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 458:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 458:484 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy revealed the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa. 31873180 0 54 theme NF-kappa 66:73 arg1 B 75:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B 45:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation 45:86 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 9 55 theme macrophage 1631:1640 arg1 polarisation 1642:1653 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 1621:1653 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 1621:1653 Thus, acetyl-xylogalactan can positively regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation. 31873180 8 56 theme observed 1541:1548 arg1 production 1559:1568 the observed cytokine production 1537:1568 the observed cytokine production 1537:1568 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 2 57 theme 9 373:373 arg1 % 374:374 % 374:374 % 374:374 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 0 58 theme macrophage 55:64 arg1 B 75:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B 45:75 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation 45:86 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 6 59 theme RAW 934:936 arg1 macrophages 944:954 RAW 264.7 macrophages 934:954 RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 934:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 7 60 dep terms 1388:1392 arg1 GO 1385:1386 GO 1385:1386 GO 1385:1386 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 3 61 theme molecular 520:528 arg1 weight 530:535 the molecular weight 516:535 the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa 516:577 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy revealed the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa. 31873180 6 62 theme Malt-1 1160:1165 arg1 expression 1167:1176 Malt-1 expression 1160:1176 Malt-1 expression 1160:1176 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 8 63 theme NF-κB 1477:1481 arg1 signalling 1483:1492 NF-κB signalling 1477:1492 NF-κB signalling 1477:1492 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 8 64 theme macrophage 1507:1516 arg1 conversion 1518:1527 M1 macrophage conversion 1504:1527 M1 macrophage conversion 1504:1527 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 7 65 theme RNA 1179:1181 arg1 results 1203:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results 1179:1209 RNA sequencing analysis results indicated the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan positively regulated cytokine production and secretion, protein secretion, and response to IL-1 activation, based on the observed GO terms. 31873180 8 66 theme enrichment 1432:1441 arg1 analysis 1443:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 the GO enrichment analysis 1425:1450 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 2 67 theme galactose 359:367 arg1 composition 340:350 a monosaccharide composition 323:350 a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose 323:381 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 8 68 theme predicted 1399:1407 arg1 genes 1416:1420 The predicted target genes 1395:1420 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis 1395:1450 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 1 69 theme RAW 234:236 arg1 polarisation 255:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 In this study, the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation were evaluated. 31873180 3 70 theme acetyl-xylogalactan 544:562 arg1 weight 530:535 the molecular weight 516:535 the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa 516:577 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy revealed the molecular weight of the acetyl-xylogalactan to be 88.5 kDa. 31873180 6 71 dep S. 973:974 arg1 suieae 976:981 suieae 976:981 suieae 976:981 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 2 72 theme % 357:357 arg1 galactose 359:367 91% galactose 355:367 91% galactose 355:367 This extracted acetyl-xylogalactan had a monosaccharide composition of 91% galactose and 9% xylose, with polysaccharide and acetyl contents of 80.6% and 19.3%, respectively. 31873180 6 73 theme quantitative 1038:1049 arg1 reaction 1068:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 8 74 theme M1 1504:1505 arg1 conversion 1518:1527 M1 macrophage conversion 1504:1527 M1 macrophage conversion 1504:1527 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 6 75 theme chain 1062:1066 arg1 reaction 1068:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 1028:1075 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31873180 5 76 theme treated 862:868 arg1 cells 870:874 the treated cells 858:874 the treated cells 858:874 Furthermore, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed and the results demonstrated non-significant alteration in lactate dehydrogenase levels in the treated cells. 31873180 4 77 theme enhanced 673:680 arg1 ability 693:699 enhanced phagocytic ability 673:699 enhanced phagocytic ability 673:699 After acetyl-xylogalactan treatment, RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation was noted, along with enhanced phagocytic ability. 31873180 1 78 theme macrophage 244:253 arg1 polarisation 255:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 In this study, the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation were evaluated. 31873180 0 79 theme B 75:75 arg1 activation 77:86 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation 45:86 RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation 45:86 Sarcodia suieae acetyl-xylogalactan regulate RAW 264.7 macrophage NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 beta cytokine production in macrophage polarization. 31873180 8 80 theme cytokine 1550:1557 arg1 production 1559:1568 the observed cytokine production 1537:1568 the observed cytokine production 1537:1568 The predicted target genes in the GO enrichment analysis were found to upregulate NF-κB signalling and M0 to M1 macrophage conversion through the observed cytokine production. 31873180 1 81 dep Sarcodia 215:222 arg1 suieae 224:229 Sarcodia suieae 215:229 Sarcodia suieae 215:229 In this study, the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation were evaluated. 31873180 1 82 from effects 169:175 arg1 polarisation 255:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 234:266 In this study, the effects of acetyl-xylogalactan extracted from Sarcodia suieae on RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation were evaluated. 31873180 4 83 theme macrophage 627:636 arg1 polarisation 638:649 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 617:649 RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation 617:649 After acetyl-xylogalactan treatment, RAW 264.7 macrophage polarisation was noted, along with enhanced phagocytic ability. 31873180 6 84 from expression 920:929 arg1 macrophages 944:954 RAW 264.7 macrophages 934:954 RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan 934:1001 Next, interleukin (IL) 1β, TNF, and Malt-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with the S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results demonstrated that S. suieae acetyl-xylogalactan induced IL-1β and Malt-1 expression. 31151528 7 0 theme potential 1139:1147 arg1 application 1149:1159 potential application 1139:1159 potential application 1139:1159 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31151528 6 1 theme good 1064:1067 arg1 reusability 1069:1079 good reusability 1064:1079 good reusability for drinking water 1064:1098 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 5 2 theme excellent 897:905 arg1 activity 921:928 excellent antibacterial activity 897:928 excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli 897:944 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 6 3 theme CTS/C-Ag 997:1004 arg1 composite 1006:1014 the CTS/C-Ag composite 993:1014 the CTS/C-Ag composite 993:1014 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 5 4 theme plate 789:793 arg1 method 804:809 the plate counting method 785:809 the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli) 785:841 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 3 5 from method 426:431 arg1 C-Ag 450:453 C-Ag 450:453 C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate 450:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 5 6 theme antibacterial 907:919 arg1 activity 921:928 excellent antibacterial activity 897:928 excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli 897:944 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 3 7 theme C-Ag 378:381 arg1 composite 398:406 biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 358:406 a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 340:406 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 5 8 dep coli 828:831 arg1 coli 837:840 E. coli 834:840 E. coli 834:840 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 5 9 theme CTS/C-Ag 743:750 arg1 composite 752:760 the CTS/C-Ag composite 739:760 the CTS/C-Ag composite 739:760 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 7 10 theme water 1173:1177 arg1 treatment 1179:1187 drinking water treatment 1164:1187 drinking water treatment 1164:1187 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31151528 4 11 from CTS 687:689 arg1 composite 698:706 the composite 694:706 the composite 694:706 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 3 12 theme biochar-nanosilver 358:375 arg1 composite 398:406 biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 358:406 a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 340:406 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 4 13 from FT-IR 579:583 arg1 results 566:572 The results 562:572 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC 562:604 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 4 14 theme loading 632:638 arg1 nanoparticles 657:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 2 15 theme urgent 319:324 arg1 need 326:329 an urgent need 316:329 an urgent need 316:329 Thus developing novel antibacterial materials is an urgent need. 31151528 6 16 theme drinking 1085:1092 arg1 water 1094:1098 drinking water 1085:1098 drinking water 1085:1098 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 1 17 theme various 201:207 arg1 diseases 209:216 various diseases 201:216 various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water 201:264 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 3 18 dep chitosan 342:349 arg1 composite 398:406 biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 358:406 a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 340:406 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 5 19 theme counting 795:802 arg1 method 804:809 the plate counting method 785:809 the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli) 785:841 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 4 20 theme spherical 640:648 arg1 nanoparticles 657:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 5 21 with method 804:809 arg1 coli 828:831 Escherichia coli 816:831 Escherichia coli (E. coli) 816:841 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 4 22 from SEM 591:593 arg1 results 566:572 The results 562:572 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC 562:604 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 4 23 from XRD 586:588 arg1 results 566:572 The results 562:572 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC 562:604 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 1 24 theme Microbial 110:118 arg1 contamination 120:132 Microbial contamination 110:132 Microbial contamination 110:132 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 6 25 theme antibacterial 1037:1049 arg1 activity 1051:1058 sustainable antibacterial activity 1025:1058 sustainable antibacterial activity 1025:1058 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 3 26 theme CTS-coated 436:445 arg1 method 426:431 a method 424:431 a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate 424:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 6 27 theme sustainable 1025:1035 arg1 activity 1051:1058 sustainable antibacterial activity 1025:1058 sustainable antibacterial activity 1025:1058 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 0 28 theme antibacterial 18:30 arg1 composite 67:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 1 29 theme pathogenic 228:237 arg1 bacteria 239:246 pathogenic bacteria 228:246 pathogenic bacteria in drinking water 228:264 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 5 30 theme antibacterial 713:725 arg1 activity 727:734 The antibacterial activity 709:734 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite 709:760 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 3 31 theme high-temperature 481:496 arg1 process 512:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process 472:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate 472:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 0 32 theme biochar-nanosilver 48:65 arg1 composite 67:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 0 33 theme chitosan-coated 32:46 arg1 composite 67:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite 15:75 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 6 34 theme application 955:965 arg1 study 967:971 this application study 950:971 this application study 950:971 In this application study, it was proven that the CTS/C-Ag composite exhibits sustainable antibacterial activity and good reusability for drinking water. 31151528 3 35 theme antibacterial 384:396 arg1 composite 398:406 biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 358:406 a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite 340:406 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 1 36 theme drinking 251:258 arg1 water 260:264 drinking water 251:264 drinking water 251:264 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 4 37 from TG-DSC 599:604 arg1 results 566:572 The results 562:572 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC 562:604 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 0 38 theme composite 67:75 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 0:108 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 7 39 theme CTS/C-Ag 1116:1123 arg1 composite 1125:1133 the CTS/C-Ag composite 1112:1133 the CTS/C-Ag composite 1112:1133 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31151528 3 40 theme corn 526:529 arg1 substrate 551:559 the carbon substrate 540:559 the carbon substrate 540:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 3 40 theme corn 526:529 arg1 straw 531:535 corn straw 526:535 corn straw 526:535 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 7 41 theme drinking 1164:1171 arg1 water 1173:1177 drinking water 1164:1177 drinking water treatment 1164:1187 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31151528 1 42 from bacteria 239:246 arg1 water 260:264 drinking water 251:264 drinking water 251:264 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 1 43 theme life-threatening 151:166 arg1 problem 168:174 a life-threatening problem 149:174 a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water 149:264 Microbial contamination has evolved as a life-threatening problem afflicting people due to various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. 31151528 5 44 theme composite 752:760 arg1 activity 727:734 The antibacterial activity 709:734 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite 709:760 The antibacterial activity of the CTS/C-Ag composite was investigated using the plate counting method with Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the results suggest that the composite exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli. 31151528 3 45 theme carbonization 498:510 arg1 process 512:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process 472:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate 472:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 0 46 theme water 90:94 arg1 purification 96:107 drinking water purification 81:107 drinking water purification 81:107 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 4 47 theme silver 650:655 arg1 nanoparticles 657:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 2 48 theme antibacterial 289:301 arg1 materials 303:311 novel antibacterial materials 283:311 novel antibacterial materials 283:311 Thus developing novel antibacterial materials is an urgent need. 31151528 3 49 theme facile 474:479 arg1 process 512:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process 472:518 a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate 472:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 4 50 theme biochar 624:630 arg1 nanoparticles 657:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles 620:669 The results from FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG-DSC revealed that the biochar loading spherical silver nanoparticles was coated with CTS in the composite. 31151528 0 51 theme drinking 81:88 arg1 purification 96:107 drinking water purification 81:107 drinking water purification 81:107 Preparation of an antibacterial chitosan-coated biochar-nanosilver composite for drinking water purification. 31151528 2 52 theme novel 283:287 arg1 materials 303:311 novel antibacterial materials 283:311 novel antibacterial materials 283:311 Thus developing novel antibacterial materials is an urgent need. 31151528 3 53 theme carbon 544:549 arg1 substrate 551:559 the carbon substrate 540:559 the carbon substrate 540:559 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 3 53 theme carbon 544:549 arg1 straw 531:535 corn straw 526:535 corn straw 526:535 Herein, a chitosan (CTS)/ biochar-nanosilver (C-Ag) antibacterial composite was prepared by a method of CTS-coated on C-Ag obtained through a facile high-temperature carbonization process using corn straw as the carbon substrate. 31151528 7 54 contain has 1135:1137 arg2 application 1149:1159 potential application 1139:1159 potential application 1139:1159 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31151528 7 54 contain has 1135:1137 arg1 composite 1125:1133 the CTS/C-Ag composite 1112:1133 the CTS/C-Ag composite 1112:1133 Therefore, the CTS/C-Ag composite has potential application in drinking water treatment. 31379136 1 0 theme flexible 165:172 arg1 method 203:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 6 1 theme spindle-knots 1103:1115 arg1 morphology 1089:1098 the surface morphology 1077:1098 the surface morphology of spindle-knots 1077:1115 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 7 2 theme biocompatibility 1355:1370 arg1 microfibers 1403:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 7 3 theme drug 1497:1500 arg1 release 1502:1508 sustained drug release 1487:1508 sustained drug release 1487:1508 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 6 4 theme higher 1214:1219 arg1 efficiency 1238:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 5 5 theme water 860:864 arg1 process 877:883 the water collection process 856:883 the water collection process 856:883 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 1 6 theme parallel-nozzle 174:188 arg1 method 203:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 3 7 contain have 510:513 arg1 HRSFs 456:460 The HRSFs 452:460 The HRSFs 452:460 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 3 7 contain have 510:513 arg2 resistance 558:567 corrosion resistance 548:567 corrosion resistance 548:567 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 3 7 contain have 510:513 arg2 properties 533:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 7 8 theme bioinspired 1372:1382 arg1 microfibers 1403:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 6 9 theme higher 1178:1183 arg1 gradient 1195:1202 a higher roughness gradient 1176:1202 a higher roughness gradient 1176:1202 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 6 10 theme water 1141:1145 arg1 efficiency 1158:1167 the water collection efficiency 1137:1167 the water collection efficiency 1137:1167 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 6 11 theme surface 1081:1087 arg1 morphology 1089:1098 the surface morphology 1077:1098 the surface morphology of spindle-knots 1077:1115 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 1 12 theme rough 105:109 arg1 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 1 12 theme rough 105:109 arg1 microfibers 124:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers 89:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) 89:142 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 5 13 theme spindle-knot 1030:1041 arg1 sections 1043:1050 spindle-knot sections 1030:1050 spindle-knot sections 1030:1050 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 4 14 theme spindle-knots 727:739 arg1 morphology 709:718 the morphology 705:718 the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs 705:752 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 3 15 theme corrosion 548:556 arg1 resistance 558:567 corrosion resistance 548:567 corrosion resistance 548:567 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 7 16 theme sustained 1487:1495 arg1 release 1502:1508 sustained drug release 1487:1508 sustained drug release 1487:1508 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 6 17 theme collection 1227:1236 arg1 efficiency 1238:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 3 18 theme mechanical 522:531 arg1 properties 533:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 1 19 theme microfluidic 190:201 arg1 method 203:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method 163:208 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 7 20 theme water 1469:1473 arg1 collection 1475:1484 large-scale water collection 1457:1484 large-scale water collection 1457:1484 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 6 21 theme water 1221:1225 arg1 efficiency 1238:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 higher water collection efficiency 1214:1247 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 1 22 theme Heterostructure 89:103 arg1 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 1 22 theme Heterostructure 89:103 arg1 microfibers 124:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers 89:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) 89:142 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 7 23 theme directional 1515:1525 arg1 collection 1533:1542 directional water collection 1515:1542 directional water collection 1515:1542 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 2 24 theme joints 393:398 arg1 size 363:366 the size 359:366 the size of the spindle-knots and joints 359:398 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 7 25 dep method 1328:1333 arg1 manufacture 1338:1348 manufacture 1338:1348 to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1335:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 4 26 from content 807:813 arg1 fluid 842:846 the fluid 838:846 the fluid 838:846 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 4 27 theme chloride 826:833 arg1 content 807:813 the composite content 793:813 the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid 793:846 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 3 28 theme acid 572:575 arg1 5 595:595 5 595:595 5 595:595 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 3 28 theme acid 572:575 arg1 environment 577:587 acid environment 572:587 acid environment (pH = 5) 572:596 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 7 29 theme low-cost 1306:1313 arg1 method 1328:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 0 30 theme Water 0:4 arg1 Harvesting 6:15 Water Harvesting 0:15 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 0:87 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 2 31 with HRSF 243:246 arg1 gradient 265:272 a roughness gradient 253:272 a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints 253:305 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 4 32 theme calcium 818:824 arg1 chloride 826:833 calcium chloride 818:833 calcium chloride 818:833 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 4 33 from morphology 709:718 arg1 HRSFs 748:752 the HRSFs 744:752 the HRSFs 744:752 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 1 34 theme spindle-knot 111:122 arg1 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 HRSFs 137:141 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 1 34 theme spindle-knot 111:122 arg1 microfibers 124:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers 89:134 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) 89:142 Heterostructure rough spindle-knot microfibers (HRSFs) are fabricated via a flexible parallel-nozzle microfluidic method. 31379136 2 35 theme spindle-knots 375:387 arg1 size 363:366 the size 359:366 the size of the spindle-knots and joints 359:398 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 0 36 theme Bioinspired 20:30 arg1 Microfibers 32:42 Bioinspired Microfibers 20:42 Bioinspired Microfibers 20:42 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 7 37 theme many 1426:1429 arg1 applications 1441:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 7 38 theme rough 1384:1388 arg1 microfibers 1403:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 5 39 theme moisture 903:910 arg1 droplets 891:898 tiny droplets 886:898 tiny droplets of moisture 886:910 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 7 40 theme potential 1431:1439 arg1 applications 1441:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 5 41 theme collection 866:875 arg1 process 877:883 the water collection process 856:883 the water collection process 856:883 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 4 42 theme controlled 672:681 arg1 conditions 693:702 controlled treatment conditions 672:702 controlled treatment conditions 672:702 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 7 43 theme spindle-knot 1390:1401 arg1 microfibers 1403:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 7 44 theme large-scale 1457:1467 arg1 collection 1475:1484 large-scale water collection 1457:1484 large-scale water collection 1457:1484 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 7 45 theme microfluidic 1271:1282 arg1 technology 1284:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology 1250:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology 1250:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 0 46 theme Microfibers 32:42 arg1 Harvesting 6:15 Water Harvesting 0:15 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 0:87 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 0 47 from Microfluidics 74:86 arg1 Spindle-Knots 55:67 Rough Spindle-Knots 49:67 Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics 49:86 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 2 48 theme flow 440:443 arg1 rates 445:449 flow rates 440:449 flow rates 440:449 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 4 49 theme composite 797:805 arg1 content 807:813 the composite content 793:813 the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid 793:846 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 4 50 theme treatment 683:691 arg1 conditions 693:702 controlled treatment conditions 672:702 controlled treatment conditions 672:702 More attractively, under controlled treatment conditions, the morphology of the spindle-knots on the HRSFs can be effectively managed by changing the composite content of calcium chloride in the fluid. 31379136 0 51 theme Rough 49:53 arg1 Spindle-Knots 55:67 Rough Spindle-Knots 49:67 Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics 49:86 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 2 52 theme bioinspired 231:241 arg1 HRSF 243:246 the bioinspired HRSF 227:246 the bioinspired HRSF 227:246 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 0 53 with Harvesting 6:15 arg1 Spindle-Knots 55:67 Rough Spindle-Knots 49:67 Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics 49:86 Water Harvesting of Bioinspired Microfibers with Rough Spindle-Knots from Microfluidics. 31379136 3 54 theme calcium 492:498 arg1 alginate 500:507 calcium alginate 492:507 calcium alginate 492:507 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 6 55 theme collection 1147:1156 arg1 efficiency 1158:1167 the water collection efficiency 1137:1167 the water collection efficiency 1137:1167 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 7 56 theme flexible 1319:1326 arg1 method 1328:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 3 57 theme alkaline 602:609 arg1 9 629:629 9 629:629 9 629:629 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 3 57 theme alkaline 602:609 arg1 environment 611:621 alkaline environment 602:621 alkaline environment (pH = 9) 602:630 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 6 58 theme roughness 1185:1193 arg1 gradient 1195:1202 a higher roughness gradient 1176:1202 a higher roughness gradient 1176:1202 It is demonstrated that the surface morphology of spindle-knots directly influences the water collection efficiency, where a higher roughness gradient generates higher water collection efficiency. 31379136 5 59 theme tiny 886:889 arg1 droplets 891:898 tiny droplets 886:898 tiny droplets of moisture 886:910 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 7 60 contain has 1422:1424 arg2 applications 1441:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 many potential applications 1426:1452 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 7 60 contain has 1422:1424 arg1 method 1328:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 a low-cost and flexible method 1304:1333 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 2 61 dep spindle-knots 375:387 arg1 the 371:373 the 371:373 the 371:373 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 7 62 theme water 1527:1531 arg1 collection 1533:1542 directional water collection 1515:1542 directional water collection 1515:1542 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 5 63 theme HRSFs 950:954 arg1 surface 935:941 the surface 931:941 the surface of the HRSFs 931:954 During the water collection process, tiny droplets of moisture can be captured on the surface of the HRSFs, subsequently, the droplets can coalesce and be transported from joint to spindle-knot sections. 31379136 7 64 theme high 1350:1353 arg1 microfibers 1403:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers 1350:1413 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31379136 2 65 theme roughness 255:263 arg1 gradient 265:272 a roughness gradient 253:272 a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints 253:305 In this method, the bioinspired HRSF with a roughness gradient between spindle-knots and joints, can be manufactured in large-scale, and with which the size of the spindle-knots and joints can be precisely adjusted by regulating flow rates. 31379136 3 66 theme strong 515:520 arg1 properties 533:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 strong mechanical properties 515:542 The HRSFs, fabricated with chitosan and calcium alginate, have strong mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in acid environment (pH = 5) and alkaline environment (pH = 9), respectively. 31379136 7 67 theme parallel-nozzle 1255:1269 arg1 technology 1284:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology 1250:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology 1250:1293 This parallel-nozzle microfluidic technology provides a low-cost and flexible method to manufacture high biocompatibility bioinspired rough spindle-knot microfibers, which has many potential applications in large-scale water collection, sustained drug release, and directional water collection. 31021705 0 0 theme molecular 94:102 arg1 analysis 123:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 3 1 theme intense 599:605 arg1 injury 630:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 2 2 theme liver 332:336 arg1 structure 352:360 the liver morphological structure 328:360 the liver morphological structure 328:360 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 3 dep decreased 284:292 arg1 improved 319:326 improved 319:326 improved the liver morphological structure 319:360 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 3 dep decreased 284:292 arg1 decreased 363:371 decreased 363:371 decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01) 363:423 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 0 4 theme network 115:121 arg1 analysis 123:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 6 5 theme liver 812:816 arg1 traits 818:823 liver traits 812:823 liver traits 812:823 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 3 6 theme bile 458:461 arg1 profiles 468:475 bile acid profiles 458:475 bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury 458:635 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 0 7 theme ecological 104:113 arg1 analysis 123:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 molecular ecological network analysis 94:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 3 8 theme acid 463:466 arg1 profiles 468:475 bile acid profiles 458:475 bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury 458:635 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 1 9 from effect 159:164 arg1 injury 201:206 liver injury 195:206 liver injury caused by intense exercise 195:233 Here we have explored the effect of neoagarotetraose (NAT) on liver injury caused by intense exercise. 31021705 4 10 theme genes 681:685 arg1 expression 661:670 the expression 657:670 the expression of colon genes 657:685 NAT could regulate the expression of colon genes. 31021705 6 11 from interactions 791:802 arg1 mice 868:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 3 12 theme exercise-induced 607:622 arg1 injury 630:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 0 13 theme intense 47:53 arg1 injury 78:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury 47:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis 47:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 4 14 theme colon 675:679 arg1 genes 681:685 colon genes 675:685 colon genes 675:685 NAT could regulate the expression of colon genes. 31021705 2 15 theme ALT 373:375 arg1 level 377:381 ALT level 373:381 ALT level (p < 0.05) 373:392 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 15 theme ALT 373:375 arg1 < 386:386 p < 0.05 384:391 p < 0.05 384:391 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 8 16 theme gut 1100:1102 arg1 microbiota 1104:1113 gut microbiota 1100:1113 gut microbiota 1100:1113 In summary, these results demonstrated that NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise may be related to gut microbiota. 31021705 3 17 theme liver 624:628 arg1 injury 630:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 intense exercise-induced liver injury 599:635 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 2 18 theme < 310:310 arg1 p 308:308 p < 0.01 308:315 p < 0.01 308:315 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 18 theme < 310:310 arg1 weight 300:305 liver weight 294:305 liver weight (p < 0.01) 294:316 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 8 19 theme intense 1065:1071 arg1 exercise 1073:1080 intense exercise 1065:1080 intense exercise 1065:1080 In summary, these results demonstrated that NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise may be related to gut microbiota. 31021705 5 20 theme microbial 712:720 arg1 composition 722:732 the microbial composition 708:732 the microbial composition of mice 708:740 NAT tended to alter the microbial composition of mice under intense exercise. 31021705 1 21 theme liver 195:199 arg1 injury 201:206 liver injury 195:206 liver injury caused by intense exercise 195:233 Here we have explored the effect of neoagarotetraose (NAT) on liver injury caused by intense exercise. 31021705 0 22 theme neoagarotetraose 13:28 arg1 Mechanism 0:8 Mechanism 0:8 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose 0:28 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 3 23 theme function 544:551 arg1 potential 525:533 the potential 521:533 the potential of liver function 521:551 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 1 24 theme neoagarotetraose 169:184 arg1 effect 159:164 the effect 155:164 the effect of neoagarotetraose (NAT) on liver injury caused by intense exercise 155:233 Here we have explored the effect of neoagarotetraose (NAT) on liver injury caused by intense exercise. 31021705 5 25 theme mice 737:740 arg1 composition 722:732 the microbial composition 708:732 the microbial composition of mice 708:740 NAT tended to alter the microbial composition of mice under intense exercise. 31021705 2 26 theme p 415:415 arg1 endotoxin 398:406 endotoxin 398:406 endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01) 398:423 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 26 theme p 415:415 arg1 < 417:417 p < 0.01 415:422 p < 0.01 415:422 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 3 27 theme mice 499:502 arg1 serum 490:494 serum 490:494 serum 490:494 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 3 27 theme mice 499:502 arg1 feces 480:484 feces 480:484 feces 480:484 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 2 28 theme p 384:384 arg1 level 377:381 ALT level 373:381 ALT level (p < 0.05) 373:392 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 28 theme p 384:384 arg1 < 386:386 p < 0.05 384:391 p < 0.05 384:391 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 6 29 theme treatment 858:866 arg1 mice 868:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 7 30 theme liver 938:942 arg1 injury 944:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 Interestingly, our data indicated that intense exercise-induced liver injury may be related to Clostridiales. 31021705 5 31 theme intense 748:754 arg1 exercise 756:763 intense exercise 748:763 intense exercise 748:763 NAT tended to alter the microbial composition of mice under intense exercise. 31021705 0 32 theme liver 72:76 arg1 injury 78:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury 47:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis 47:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 6 33 theme NAT 854:856 arg1 mice 868:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 NAT treatment mice 854:871 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 8 34 theme NAT 1028:1030 arg1 injury 1047:1052 NAT relieved liver injury 1028:1052 NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise 1028:1080 In summary, these results demonstrated that NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise may be related to gut microbiota. 31021705 3 35 theme liver 538:542 arg1 function 544:551 liver function 538:551 liver function 538:551 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 6 36 theme network 783:789 arg1 interactions 791:802 the network interactions 779:802 the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice 779:871 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 0 37 theme exercise-induced 55:70 arg1 injury 78:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury 47:83 intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis 47:130 Mechanism of neoagarotetraose protects against intense exercise-induced liver injury based on molecular ecological network analysis. 31021705 7 38 theme intense 913:919 arg1 injury 944:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 Interestingly, our data indicated that intense exercise-induced liver injury may be related to Clostridiales. 31021705 3 39 from profiles 468:475 arg1 serum 490:494 serum 490:494 serum 490:494 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 3 39 from profiles 468:475 arg1 feces 480:484 feces 480:484 feces 480:484 In addition, NAT could regulate bile acid profiles in feces and serum of mice, which indicated the potential of liver function, suggesting that NAT was effective to relieve intense exercise-induced liver injury. 31021705 8 40 theme liver 1041:1045 arg1 injury 1047:1052 NAT relieved liver injury 1028:1052 NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise 1028:1080 In summary, these results demonstrated that NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise may be related to gut microbiota. 31021705 2 41 theme NAT 260:262 arg1 treatment 264:272 NAT treatment 260:272 NAT treatment 260:272 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 7 42 theme exercise-induced 921:936 arg1 injury 944:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 intense exercise-induced liver injury 913:949 Interestingly, our data indicated that intense exercise-induced liver injury may be related to Clostridiales. 31021705 1 43 theme intense 218:224 arg1 exercise 226:233 intense exercise 218:233 intense exercise 218:233 Here we have explored the effect of neoagarotetraose (NAT) on liver injury caused by intense exercise. 31021705 8 44 theme relieved 1032:1039 arg1 injury 1047:1052 NAT relieved liver injury 1028:1052 NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise 1028:1080 In summary, these results demonstrated that NAT relieved liver injury induced by intense exercise may be related to gut microbiota. 31021705 2 45 theme liver 294:298 arg1 p 308:308 p < 0.01 308:315 p < 0.01 308:315 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 2 45 theme liver 294:298 arg1 weight 300:305 liver weight 294:305 liver weight (p < 0.01) 294:316 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 31021705 6 46 theme microbial 829:837 arg1 communities 839:849 microbial communities 829:849 microbial communities 829:849 We uncovered the network interactions between liver traits and microbial communities in NAT treatment mice. 31021705 2 47 theme morphological 338:350 arg1 structure 352:360 the liver morphological structure 328:360 the liver morphological structure 328:360 Our results showed that NAT treatment obviously decreased liver weight (p < 0.01), improved the liver morphological structure, decreased ALT level (p < 0.05) and endotoxin (LPS) (p < 0.01). 29687887 7 0 theme screening 1316:1324 arg1 purposes 1326:1333 screening purposes 1316:1333 screening purposes 1316:1333 CONCLUSIONS All of the chemometric models developed are acceptable for screening purposes. 29687887 9 1 theme simultaneous 1464:1475 arg1 determination 1477:1489 the simultaneous determination 1460:1489 the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop 1460:1537 FT-MIR can therefore be utilised for the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop. 29687887 4 2 theme industry 939:946 arg1 indices 958:964 industry sweetness indices 939:964 industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents 939:1004 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents were also developed. 29687887 1 3 theme fructan 383:389 arg1 determination 317:329 the determination 313:329 the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan 313:389 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 3 4 theme fresh 772:776 arg1 weight 778:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight 759:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)] 759:789 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 4 theme fresh 772:776 arg1 solids 715:720 soluble solids 707:720 soluble solids 707:720 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 4 theme fresh 772:776 arg1 FW 786:787 FW 786:787 FW 786:787 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 2 5 theme Fourier-transform 474:490 arg1 range 517:521 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 2 5 theme Fourier-transform 474:490 arg1 spectra 508:514 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra 474:514 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) 466:537 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 3 6 theme prediction 623:632 arg1 errors 634:639 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors 597:639 errors 634:639 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 2 7 theme juice 590:594 arg1 30 μL 568:572 30 μL 568:572 30 μL 568:572 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 2 7 theme juice 590:594 arg1 droplets 558:565 droplets 558:565 droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice 558:594 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 3 8 dep r2 614:615 arg1 error 651:655 standard error 642:655 standard error of cross validation 642:675 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 0 9 theme onion 74:78 arg1 populations 80:90 onion populations 74:90 onion populations 74:90 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 9 10 theme pungency 1494:1501 arg1 determination 1477:1489 the simultaneous determination 1460:1489 the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop 1460:1537 FT-MIR can therefore be utilised for the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop. 29687887 1 11 theme juice 394:398 arg1 n = 605 409:415 n = 605 409:415 n = 605 409:415 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 11 theme juice 394:398 arg1 samples 400:406 juice samples 394:406 juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations 394:463 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 12 theme partial 246:252 arg1 PLS 269:271 PLS 269:271 PLS 269:271 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 12 theme partial 246:252 arg1 squares 260:266 partial least squares 246:266 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 0 13 theme FT-MIR 95:100 arg1 spectroscopy 102:113 FT-MIR spectroscopy 95:113 FT-MIR spectroscopy 95:113 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 1 14 theme pungency 334:341 arg1 determination 317:329 the determination 313:329 the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan 313:389 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 5 15 theme weakest 1132:1138 arg1 pyruvate 1115:1122 pyruvate 1115:1122 pyruvate 1115:1122 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 5 15 theme weakest 1132:1138 arg1 model 1140:1144 the weakest model 1128:1144 the weakest model developed 1128:1154 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 2 16 theme unprocessed 578:588 arg1 juice 590:594 unprocessed juice 578:594 unprocessed juice 578:594 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 3 17 theme standard 642:649 arg1 error 651:655 standard error 642:655 standard error of cross validation 642:675 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 9 18 theme sweetness 1504:1512 arg1 determination 1477:1489 the simultaneous determination 1460:1489 the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop 1460:1537 FT-MIR can therefore be utilised for the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop. 29687887 10 19 theme Chemical 1558:1565 arg1 Industry 1567:1574 Chemical Industry 1558:1574 Chemical Industry 1558:1574 © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. 29687887 4 20 theme sweetness 948:956 arg1 indices 958:964 industry sweetness indices 939:964 industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents 939:1004 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents were also developed. 29687887 7 21 theme chemometric 1268:1278 arg1 models 1280:1285 the chemometric models 1264:1285 the chemometric models developed 1264:1295 CONCLUSIONS All of the chemometric models developed are acceptable for screening purposes. 29687887 3 22 theme cross 660:664 arg1 validation 666:675 cross validation 660:675 cross validation 660:675 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 1 23 from populations 453:463 arg1 bulbs 433:437 bulbs 433:437 bulbs from breeding populations 433:463 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 24 theme least 254:258 arg1 PLS 269:271 PLS 269:271 PLS 269:271 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 24 theme least 254:258 arg1 squares 260:266 partial least squares 246:266 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 9 25 theme fructan 1518:1524 arg1 determination 1477:1489 the simultaneous determination 1460:1489 the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop 1460:1537 FT-MIR can therefore be utilised for the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop. 29687887 8 26 theme soluble 1346:1352 arg1 solids 1354:1359 soluble solids 1346:1359 soluble solids 1346:1359 Those for soluble solids, fructan and fructose are also suitable for routine analysis. 29687887 8 26 theme soluble 1346:1352 arg1 fructose 1374:1381 fructose 1374:1381 fructose 1374:1381 Those for soluble solids, fructan and fructose are also suitable for routine analysis. 29687887 8 26 theme soluble 1346:1352 arg1 fructan 1362:1368 fructan 1362:1368 fructan 1362:1368 Those for soluble solids, fructan and fructose are also suitable for routine analysis. 29687887 0 27 theme sugars 23:28 arg1 indices 63:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices 31:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy 31:113 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 0 27 theme sugars 23:28 arg1 Quantification 0:13 Quantification 0:13 Quantification of free sugars 0:28 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 1 28 theme squares 260:266 arg1 modelling 285:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 29 dep facilitate 130:139 arg1 L. 183:184 L. 183:184 L. 183:184 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 0 30 theme free 18:21 arg1 sugars 23:28 free sugars 18:28 free sugars 18:28 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 3 31 theme validation 666:675 arg1 error 651:655 standard error 642:655 standard error of cross validation 642:675 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 2 32 theme FTIR 502:505 arg1 range 517:521 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 2 32 theme FTIR 502:505 arg1 spectra 508:514 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra 474:514 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) 466:537 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 9 33 from determination 1477:1489 arg1 crop 1534:1537 this crop 1529:1537 this crop 1529:1537 FT-MIR can therefore be utilised for the simultaneous determination of pungency, sweetness and fructan in this crop. 29687887 4 34 theme FTIR 923:926 arg1 models 928:933 FTIR models 923:933 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents 923:1004 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents were also developed. 29687887 0 35 theme fructan 31:37 arg1 indices 63:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices 31:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy 31:113 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 0 35 theme fructan 31:37 arg1 Quantification 0:13 Quantification 0:13 Quantification of free sugars 0:28 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 0 36 from indices 63:69 arg1 populations 80:90 onion populations 74:90 onion populations 74:90 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 5 37 theme other 1098:1102 arg1 compounds 1104:1112 other compounds 1098:1112 other compounds 1098:1112 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 6 38 theme enzymatic 1224:1232 arg1 digestion 1234:1242 enzymatic digestion 1224:1242 enzymatic digestion 1224:1242 Fructan could be determined spectroscopically without the need for enzymatic digestion. 29687887 2 39 theme infrared 492:499 arg1 range 517:521 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 2 39 theme infrared 492:499 arg1 spectra 508:514 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra 474:514 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) 466:537 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 1 40 theme sweetness 355:363 arg1 determination 317:329 the determination 313:329 the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan 313:389 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 4 41 theme sucrose 986:992 arg1 equivalents 994:1004 glucose or sucrose equivalents 975:1004 glucose or sucrose equivalents 975:1004 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents were also developed. 29687887 1 42 theme Fourier-transform 188:204 arg1 spectroscopy 228:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy 188:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 188:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 0 43 theme pungency 40:47 arg1 indices 63:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices 31:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy 31:113 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 0 43 theme pungency 40:47 arg1 Quantification 0:13 Quantification 0:13 Quantification of free sugars 0:28 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 1 44 theme regression 274:283 arg1 modelling 285:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 3 45 theme optimal 682:688 arg1 models 694:699 optimal PLS models 682:699 optimal PLS models 682:699 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 2 46 dep RESULTS 466:472 arg1 range 517:521 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 range 1700-900 cm-1 517:535 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 2 46 dep RESULTS 466:472 arg1 spectra 508:514 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra 474:514 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) 466:537 RESULTS Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra (range 1700-900 cm-1 ) were obtained from droplets (30 μL) of unprocessed juice. 29687887 3 47 theme PLS 690:692 arg1 models 694:699 optimal PLS models 682:699 optimal PLS models 682:699 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 1 48 theme free 366:369 arg1 sweetness 355:363 sweetness 355:363 sweetness (free sugars) 355:377 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 48 theme free 366:369 arg1 sugars 371:376 free sugars 366:376 free sugars 366:376 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 7 49 dep CONCLUSIONS 1245:1255 arg1 models 1280:1285 the chemometric models 1264:1285 the chemometric models developed 1264:1295 CONCLUSIONS All of the chemometric models developed are acceptable for screening purposes. 29687887 7 49 dep CONCLUSIONS 1245:1255 arg1 All 1257:1259 All 1257:1259 All 1257:1259 CONCLUSIONS All of the chemometric models developed are acceptable for screening purposes. 29687887 8 50 theme routine 1405:1411 arg1 analysis 1413:1420 routine analysis 1405:1420 routine analysis 1405:1420 Those for soluble solids, fructan and fructose are also suitable for routine analysis. 29687887 1 51 theme breeding 444:451 arg1 populations 453:463 breeding populations 444:463 breeding populations 444:463 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 3 52 theme 0.8 μmol g-1 759:770 arg1 weight 778:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight 759:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)] 759:789 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 52 theme 0.8 μmol g-1 759:770 arg1 solids 715:720 soluble solids 707:720 soluble solids 707:720 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 52 theme 0.8 μmol g-1 759:770 arg1 FW 786:787 FW 786:787 FW 786:787 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 1 53 theme mid 206:208 arg1 spectroscopy 228:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy 188:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 188:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 1 54 with spectroscopy 228:239 arg1 modelling 285:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 246:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 3 55 theme Goodness-of-fit 597:611 arg1 r2 614:615 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors 597:639 r2 614:615 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 56 theme pyruvate 742:749 arg1 [0.825 751:756 pyruvate [0.825 742:756 pyruvate [0.825 742:756 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 56 theme pyruvate 742:749 arg1 solids 715:720 soluble solids 707:720 soluble solids 707:720 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 1 57 theme infrared 210:217 arg1 spectroscopy 228:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy 188:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 188:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 0 58 theme sweetness 53:61 arg1 indices 63:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices 31:69 fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy 31:113 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 0 58 theme sweetness 53:61 arg1 Quantification 0:13 Quantification 0:13 Quantification of free sugars 0:28 Quantification of free sugars, fructan, pungency and sweetness indices in onion populations by FT-MIR spectroscopy. 29687887 5 59 theme relative 1086:1093 arg1 concentration 1051:1063 its very low concentration 1038:1063 its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds 1038:1112 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 5 59 theme relative 1086:1093 arg1 FW 1082:1083 0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW 1066:1083 0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW 1066:1083 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 fructose 855:862 fructose 855:862 fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) 855:885 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 [0.825 751:756 pyruvate [0.825 742:756 pyruvate [0.825 742:756 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 sucrose 891:897 sucrose 891:897 sucrose 891:897 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 fructan 792:798 fructan 792:798 fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW) 792:820 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 weight 778:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight 759:783 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)] 759:789 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 glucose 823:829 glucose 823:829 glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW) 823:852 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 3 60 theme soluble 707:713 arg1 solids 715:720 soluble solids 707:720 soluble solids 707:720 Goodness-of-fit (r2 ) and prediction errors (standard error of cross validation) for optimal PLS models were: soluble solids (0.997, 0.1 °Brix), pyruvate [0.825, 0.8 μmol g-1 fresh weight (FW)], fructan (0.98, 1.9 mg g-1 FW), glucose (0.941, 1.1 mg g-1 FW), fructose (0.967, 1.0 mg g-1 FW) and sucrose (0.919, 1.7 mg g-1 FW). 29687887 5 61 theme low 1047:1049 arg1 concentration 1051:1063 its very low concentration 1038:1063 its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds 1038:1112 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 5 61 theme low 1047:1049 arg1 FW 1082:1083 0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW 1066:1083 0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW 1066:1083 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 4 62 theme glucose 975:981 arg1 equivalents 994:1004 glucose or sucrose equivalents 975:1004 glucose or sucrose equivalents 975:1004 FTIR models for industry sweetness indices based on glucose or sucrose equivalents were also developed. 29687887 1 63 theme faster 141:146 arg1 phenotyping 148:158 faster phenotyping 141:158 faster phenotyping 141:158 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 29687887 5 64 theme concentration 1051:1063 arg1 pyruvate 1115:1122 pyruvate 1115:1122 pyruvate 1115:1122 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 5 64 theme concentration 1051:1063 arg1 model 1140:1144 the weakest model 1128:1144 the weakest model developed 1128:1154 Because of its very low concentration (0.8-12 μmol g-1 FW) relative to other compounds, pyruvate was the weakest model developed. 29687887 1 65 theme FT-MIR 220:225 arg1 spectroscopy 228:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy 188:239 Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling 188:293 BACKGROUND To facilitate faster phenotyping of onions (Allium cepa L.), Fourier-transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy with partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling was evaluated for the determination of pungency (pyruvate), sweetness (free sugars) and fructan in juice samples (n = 605) expressed from bulbs from breeding populations. 30879675 7 0 theme intercalated 1188:1199 arg1 loading 1206:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 5 1 theme intercalated 1041:1052 arg1 ammonium 1065:1072 the intercalated quaternary ammonium 1037:1072 the intercalated quaternary ammonium 1037:1072 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 1 2 theme carcinogenic 256:267 arg1 step 287:290 the carcinogenic chloromethylation step 252:290 the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers 252:335 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 1 2 theme carcinogenic 256:267 arg1 indispensable 301:313 indispensable 301:313 indispensable 301:313 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 0 3 theme composite 102:110 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 4 4 theme LDHs 868:871 arg1 content 873:879 intercalated LDHs content 855:879 5% intercalated LDHs content 852:879 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 7 5 theme LDHs 1201:1204 arg1 loading 1206:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 1 6 theme chloromethylation 269:285 arg1 step 287:290 the carcinogenic chloromethylation step 252:290 the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers 252:335 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 1 6 theme chloromethylation 269:285 arg1 indispensable 301:313 indispensable 301:313 indispensable 301:313 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 0 7 theme alkaline 126:133 arg1 fuel 151:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel 126:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 126:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 5 8 theme new 1094:1096 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 8 theme new 1094:1096 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 8 theme new 1094:1096 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 4 9 theme membrane 842:849 arg1 23.6 MPa 886:893 23.6 MPa 886:893 23.6 MPa 886:893 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 4 9 theme membrane 842:849 arg1 elongation 814:823 elongation 814:823 elongation 814:823 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 4 9 theme membrane 842:849 arg1 strength 801:808 tensile strength 793:808 tensile strength 793:808 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 8 10 dep % 1525:1525 arg1 % 1535:1535 only 49% 1528:1535 only 49% for the pure membrane 1528:1557 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 8 11 theme better 1392:1397 arg1 stability 1408:1416 better alkaline stability 1392:1416 better alkaline stability 1392:1416 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 6 12 with membrane 1167:1174 arg1 5 wt 1181:1184 5 wt 1181:1184 5 wt 1181:1184 The membrane with 5 wt. 30879675 3 13 theme load 744:747 arg1 transfer 749:756 the load transfer 740:756 the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs 740:786 Due to intercalated organic ions, the LDHs can be homogeneously dispersed in the matrix, thus promoting the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs. 30879675 8 14 theme 1 M 1586:1588 arg1 KOH 1590:1592 a 1 M KOH 1584:1592 a 1 M KOH for 168 h 1584:1602 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 0 15 theme methanol 142:149 arg1 fuel 151:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel 126:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 126:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 4 16 dep % 853:853 arg1 content 873:879 intercalated LDHs content 855:879 5% intercalated LDHs content 852:879 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 2 17 theme ion 454:456 arg1 conductor 458:466 a hydroxide ion conductor 442:466 a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) 442:500 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 4 18 dep strength 801:808 arg1 The 789:791 The 789:791 The 789:791 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 1 19 theme host 194:197 arg1 polymer 199:205 the host polymer 190:205 the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) 190:240 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 0 20 theme direct 135:140 arg1 fuel 151:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel 126:154 alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 126:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 5 21 theme ammonium 1065:1072 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 21 theme ammonium 1065:1072 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 21 theme ammonium 1065:1072 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 4 22 theme pure 965:968 arg1 membrane 978:985 the pure QCS/PVA membrane 961:985 the pure QCS/PVA membrane 961:985 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 8 23 theme composite 1441:1449 arg1 system 1451:1456 the composite system 1437:1456 the composite system 1437:1456 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 2 24 theme double 477:482 arg1 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 2 24 theme double 477:482 arg1 hydroxides 484:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 4 25 theme higher 940:945 arg1 % 925:925 44% 923:925 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane 923:985 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 5 26 theme ionic 1143:1147 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 26 theme ionic 1143:1147 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 26 theme ionic 1143:1147 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 3 27 from matrix 767:772 arg1 transfer 749:756 the load transfer 740:756 the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs 740:786 Due to intercalated organic ions, the LDHs can be homogeneously dispersed in the matrix, thus promoting the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs. 30879675 5 28 theme quaternary 1054:1063 arg1 ammonium 1065:1072 the intercalated quaternary ammonium 1037:1072 the intercalated quaternary ammonium 1037:1072 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 2 29 theme mechanical 420:429 arg1 stability 431:439 mechanical stability 420:439 mechanical stability 420:439 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 0 30 theme Glycine 0:6 arg1 betaine 8:14 Glycine betaine 0:14 Glycine betaine 0:14 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 8 31 theme ionic 1467:1471 arg1 conductivity 1473:1484 the ionic conductivity 1463:1484 the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane 1463:1510 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 7 32 theme cm-2 1298:1301 arg1 80 °C 1257:1261 80 °C 1257:1261 80 °C 1257:1261 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 7 32 theme cm-2 1298:1301 arg1 cm-1 1251:1254 ˜35.7 mS cm-1 1242:1254 ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) 1242:1262 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 7 32 theme cm-2 1298:1301 arg1 density 1279:1285 peak power density 1268:1285 peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1268:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 1 33 theme anion 210:214 arg1 membranes 225:233 anion exchange membranes 210:233 anion exchange membranes (AEMs) 210:240 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 1 33 theme anion 210:214 arg1 AEMs 236:239 AEMs 236:239 AEMs 236:239 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 0 34 theme layered 29:35 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 2 35 theme polyvinyl 588:596 arg1 alcohol 598:604 polyvinyl alcohol 588:604 polyvinyl alcohol 588:604 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 7 36 theme 97.8 mW 1290:1296 arg1 cm-2 1298:1301 97.8 mW cm-2 1290:1301 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1290:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 1 37 theme exchange 216:223 arg1 membranes 225:233 anion exchange membranes 210:233 anion exchange membranes (AEMs) 210:240 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 1 37 theme exchange 216:223 arg1 AEMs 236:239 AEMs 236:239 AEMs 236:239 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 4 38 theme intercalated 855:866 arg1 content 873:879 intercalated LDHs content 855:879 5% intercalated LDHs content 852:879 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 0 39 theme fuel 151:154 arg1 cells 156:160 alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 126:160 alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 126:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 1 40 theme membranes 225:233 arg1 polymer 199:205 the host polymer 190:205 the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) 190:240 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 0 41 theme hydroxide 44:52 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 1 42 theme aromatic 319:326 arg1 polymers 328:335 aromatic polymers 319:335 aromatic polymers 319:335 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 7 43 theme cm-1 1251:1254 arg1 conductivity 1226:1237 ionic conductivity 1220:1237 ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1220:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 8 44 theme membrane 1503:1510 arg1 conductivity 1473:1484 the ionic conductivity 1463:1484 the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane 1463:1510 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 7 45 theme peak 1268:1271 arg1 density 1279:1285 peak power density 1268:1285 peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1268:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 2 46 theme hydroxide 444:452 arg1 conductor 458:466 a hydroxide ion conductor 442:466 a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) 442:500 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 0 47 theme double 37:42 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 4 48 theme QCS/PVA 970:976 arg1 membrane 978:985 the pure QCS/PVA membrane 961:985 the pure QCS/PVA membrane 961:985 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 2 49 theme quaternized 563:573 arg1 chitosan 575:582 chitosan 575:582 chitosan 575:582 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 7 50 theme power 1273:1277 arg1 density 1279:1285 peak power density 1268:1285 peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1268:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 2 51 theme layered 469:475 arg1 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 2 51 theme layered 469:475 arg1 hydroxides 484:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 8 52 theme composite 1493:1501 arg1 membrane 1503:1510 the composite membrane 1489:1510 the composite membrane 1489:1510 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 0 53 theme quaternized 63:73 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 2 54 dep chitosan 575:582 arg1 matrix 612:617 mixed matrix 606:617 mixed matrix 606:617 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 2 55 theme glycine 522:528 arg1 betaine 530:536 glycine betaine 522:536 glycine betaine 522:536 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 2 56 dep conductor 458:466 arg1 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 LDHs 496:499 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 2 56 dep conductor 458:466 arg1 hydroxides 484:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 layered double hydroxides 469:493 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 7 57 theme pure 1364:1367 arg1 membrane 1369:1376 the pure membrane 1360:1376 the pure membrane 1360:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 0 58 theme modified 54:61 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 3 59 theme stiff 777:781 arg1 LDHs 783:786 stiff LDHs 777:786 stiff LDHs 777:786 Due to intercalated organic ions, the LDHs can be homogeneously dispersed in the matrix, thus promoting the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs. 30879675 5 60 theme hydroxide 1002:1010 arg1 conductor 1016:1024 hydroxide ion conductor 1002:1024 hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) 1002:1031 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 60 theme hydroxide 1002:1010 arg1 LDHs 1027:1030 LDHs 1027:1030 LDHs 1027:1030 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 4 61 theme composite 832:840 arg1 membrane 842:849 the composite membrane 828:849 the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) 828:880 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 5 62 theme OH- 1098:1100 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 62 theme OH- 1098:1100 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 62 theme OH- 1098:1100 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 7 63 theme ˜35.7 mS 1242:1249 arg1 80 °C 1257:1261 80 °C 1257:1261 80 °C 1257:1261 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 7 63 theme ˜35.7 mS 1242:1249 arg1 cm-1 1251:1254 ˜35.7 mS cm-1 1242:1254 ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) 1242:1262 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 1 64 theme quaternization 350:363 arg1 process 365:371 their quaternization process 344:371 their quaternization process 344:371 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 2 65 theme mixed 606:610 arg1 matrix 612:617 mixed matrix 606:617 mixed matrix 606:617 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 5 66 theme ion 1012:1014 arg1 conductor 1016:1024 hydroxide ion conductor 1002:1024 hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) 1002:1031 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 66 theme ion 1012:1014 arg1 LDHs 1027:1030 LDHs 1027:1030 LDHs 1027:1030 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 3 67 theme organic 656:662 arg1 ions 664:667 intercalated organic ions 643:667 intercalated organic ions 643:667 Due to intercalated organic ions, the LDHs can be homogeneously dispersed in the matrix, thus promoting the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs. 30879675 7 68 theme density 1279:1285 arg1 conductivity 1226:1237 ionic conductivity 1220:1237 ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1220:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 7 69 theme ionic 1220:1224 arg1 conductivity 1226:1237 ionic conductivity 1220:1237 ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane 1220:1376 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 8 70 theme pure 1545:1548 arg1 membrane 1550:1557 the pure membrane 1541:1557 the pure membrane 1541:1557 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 5 71 theme conductor 1016:1024 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 71 theme conductor 1016:1024 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 71 theme conductor 1016:1024 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 4 72 theme tensile 793:799 arg1 23.6 MPa 886:893 23.6 MPa 886:893 23.6 MPa 886:893 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 4 72 theme tensile 793:799 arg1 elongation 814:823 elongation 814:823 elongation 814:823 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 4 72 theme tensile 793:799 arg1 strength 801:808 tensile strength 793:808 tensile strength 793:808 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 2 73 theme ionic 397:401 arg1 conductivity 403:414 the ionic conductivity 393:414 the ionic conductivity 393:414 To further improve the ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, a hydroxide ion conductor (layered double hydroxides, LDHs) was intercalated by glycine betaine and then incorporated to quaternized chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol mixed matrix to prepare AEMs. 30879675 0 74 theme alcohol 94:100 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 8 75 theme alkaline 1399:1406 arg1 stability 1408:1416 better alkaline stability 1392:1416 better alkaline stability 1392:1416 Furthermore, better alkaline stability was also proved in the composite system, and the ionic conductivity of the composite membrane can retain 70% (only 49% for the pure membrane) even after immersing in a 1 M KOH for 168 h. 30879675 4 76 dep membrane 842:849 arg1 % 853:853 5% 852:853 5% intercalated LDHs content 852:879 The tensile strength and elongation of the composite membrane (5% intercalated LDHs content) are 23.6 MPa and 51.4% which are 71% and 44% respectively higher than those of the pure QCS/PVA membrane. 30879675 7 77 theme % 1186:1186 arg1 loading 1206:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading 1186:1212 % intercalated LDHs loading shows ionic conductivity of ˜35.7 mS cm-1 (80 °C) and peak power density of 97.8 mW cm-2 which are respectively 42% and ˜50% higher than those of the pure membrane. 30879675 0 78 theme chitosan/polyvinyl 75:92 arg1 membranes 112:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes 29:120 layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells 29:160 Glycine betaine intercalated layered double hydroxide modified quaternized chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite membranes for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells. 30879675 3 79 theme intercalated 643:654 arg1 ions 664:667 intercalated organic ions 643:667 intercalated organic ions 643:667 Due to intercalated organic ions, the LDHs can be homogeneously dispersed in the matrix, thus promoting the load transfer from the matrix to stiff LDHs. 30879675 1 80 theme chitosan 178:185 arg1 Utilization 163:173 Utilization 163:173 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) 163:240 Utilization of chitosan as the host polymer of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) can avoid the carcinogenic chloromethylation step which is indispensable for aromatic polymers during their quaternization process. 30879675 5 81 theme conductive 1102:1111 arg1 sites 1113:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 new OH- conductive sites 1094:1117 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 81 theme conductive 1102:1111 arg1 conductivity 1149:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 the ionic conductivity 1139:1160 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30879675 5 81 theme conductive 1102:1111 arg1 groups 1074:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups 998:1079 Moreover, the hydroxide ion conductor (LDHs) and the intercalated quaternary ammonium groups could act as new OH- conductive sites and further enhance the ionic conductivity. 30673276 10 0 theme positive 1309:1316 arg1 charge 1318:1323 positive charge 1309:1323 positive charge 1309:1323 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 5 1 theme hydrophobic 620:630 arg1 interactions 632:643 hydrophobic interactions 620:643 hydrophobic interactions 620:643 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 0 2 theme Albumin 23:29 arg1 Nanoparticles 51:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles 15:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery 15:87 Self-Assembled Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery. 30673276 5 3 theme nanoparticles 582:594 arg1 formation 508:516 the formation 504:516 the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds 504:663 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 6 4 theme GC 737:738 arg1 ratio 745:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 12 5 theme cytotoxicity 1409:1420 arg1 study 1422:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study 1397:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study 1397:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 11 6 theme HeLa 1359:1362 arg1 cells 1364:1368 HeLa cells 1359:1368 HeLa cells 1359:1368 rBG-NPs could be internalized by HeLa cells, possibly via endocytosis. 30673276 9 7 theme high 1196:1199 arg1 efficiency 1215:1224 a high encapsulation efficiency 1194:1224 a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%) 1194:1231 PTX was successfully encapsulated into rBG-NPs with a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%). 30673276 9 7 theme high 1196:1199 arg1 % 1230:1230 ∼90% 1227:1230 ∼90% 1227:1230 PTX was successfully encapsulated into rBG-NPs with a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%). 30673276 12 8 theme slow 1604:1607 arg1 release 1609:1615 the slow release 1600:1615 the slow release of PTX into the cells 1600:1637 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 12 9 theme PTX 1620:1622 arg1 release 1609:1615 the slow release 1600:1615 the slow release of PTX into the cells 1600:1637 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 9 10 theme encapsulation 1201:1213 arg1 efficiency 1215:1224 a high encapsulation efficiency 1194:1224 a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%) 1194:1231 PTX was successfully encapsulated into rBG-NPs with a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%). 30673276 9 10 theme encapsulation 1201:1213 arg1 % 1230:1230 ∼90% 1227:1230 ∼90% 1227:1230 PTX was successfully encapsulated into rBG-NPs with a high encapsulation efficiency (∼90%). 30673276 6 11 theme rBSA 732:735 arg1 ratio 745:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 12 12 contain had 1550:1552 arg2 activity 1562:1569 similar activity 1554:1569 similar activity 1554:1569 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 12 12 contain had 1550:1552 arg1 activity 1476:1483 anticancer activity 1465:1483 anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h 1465:1577 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 3 13 theme noncovalent 319:329 arg1 interactions 331:342 noncovalent interactions 319:342 noncovalent interactions 319:342 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 13 14 theme hydrophobic 1717:1727 arg1 drugs 1729:1733 hydrophobic drugs 1717:1733 hydrophobic drugs 1717:1733 Our study suggests that rBG-NPs could be used as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. 30673276 5 15 theme glycol 561:566 arg1 GC 578:579 GC 578:579 GC 578:579 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 15 theme glycol 561:566 arg1 chitosan 568:575 glycol chitosan 561:575 glycol chitosan (GC) 561:580 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 13 16 theme potential 1691:1699 arg1 nanocarrier 1701:1711 a potential nanocarrier 1689:1711 a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs 1689:1733 Our study suggests that rBG-NPs could be used as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. 30673276 13 16 theme potential 1691:1699 arg1 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 Our study suggests that rBG-NPs could be used as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. 30673276 5 17 theme paclitaxel 686:695 arg1 delivery 703:710 paclitaxel (PTX) delivery 686:710 paclitaxel (PTX) delivery 686:710 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 4 18 theme kind 452:455 arg1 stability 434:442 low stability 430:442 low stability of this kind of NP 430:461 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 4 18 theme kind 452:455 arg1 solubility 409:418 the poor water solubility 394:418 the poor water solubility of CH 394:424 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 5 19 theme chitosan 568:575 arg1 nanoparticles 582:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles 521:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds 521:663 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 19 theme chitosan 568:575 arg1 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 20 theme reduced 521:527 arg1 nanoparticles 582:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles 521:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds 521:663 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 20 theme reduced 521:527 arg1 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 8 21 theme rBG-NPs 1077:1083 arg1 formation 1060:1068 the formation 1056:1068 the formation of the rBG-NPs 1056:1083 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 8 22 theme Hydrophobic 985:995 arg1 forces 1045:1050 the driving forces 1033:1050 the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs 1033:1083 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 8 22 theme Hydrophobic 985:995 arg1 interactions 1015:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 8 23 theme physiological 1116:1128 arg1 conditions 1130:1139 physiological conditions 1116:1139 physiological conditions 1116:1139 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 0 24 theme Reduced 15:21 arg1 Nanoparticles 51:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles 15:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery 15:87 Self-Assembled Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery. 30673276 7 25 theme light 967:971 arg1 scattering 973:982 dynamic light scattering 959:982 dynamic light scattering 959:982 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 5 26 theme bovine 529:534 arg1 rBSA 551:554 rBSA 551:554 rBSA 551:554 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 26 theme bovine 529:534 arg1 albumin 542:548 bovine serum albumin 529:548 bovine serum albumin (rBSA) 529:555 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 12 27 theme Taxol-like 1515:1524 arg1 formulation 1526:1536 a Taxol-like formulation 1513:1536 a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h 1513:1544 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 7 28 theme compositional 932:944 arg1 analysis 946:953 compositional analysis 932:953 compositional analysis 932:953 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 12 29 theme anticancer 1465:1474 arg1 activity 1476:1483 anticancer activity 1465:1483 anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h 1465:1577 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 6 30 theme mass 740:743 arg1 ratio 745:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 the rBSA:GC mass ratio 728:749 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 5 31 theme serum 536:540 arg1 rBSA 551:554 rBSA 551:554 rBSA 551:554 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 31 theme serum 536:540 arg1 albumin 542:548 bovine serum albumin 529:548 bovine serum albumin (rBSA) 529:555 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 6 32 theme pH 755:756 arg1 effects 717:723 The effects 713:723 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge 713:846 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 5 33 theme albumin 542:548 arg1 nanoparticles 582:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles 521:594 reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds 521:663 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 5 33 theme albumin 542:548 arg1 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 rBG-NPs 597:603 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 10 34 theme nm 1281:1282 arg1 size 1268:1271 a particle size 1257:1271 a particle size of ∼400 nm 1257:1282 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 3 35 theme great 361:365 arg1 deal 367:370 a great deal 359:370 a great deal of interest 359:382 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 7 36 theme dynamic 959:965 arg1 scattering 973:982 dynamic light scattering 959:982 dynamic light scattering 959:982 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 4 37 theme CH 423:424 arg1 stability 434:442 low stability 430:442 low stability of this kind of NP 430:461 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 4 37 theme CH 423:424 arg1 solubility 409:418 the poor water solubility 394:418 the poor water solubility of CH 394:424 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 1 38 theme health 115:120 arg1 problems 122:129 health problems 115:129 health problems for people 115:140 Cancer continues to pose health problems for people all over the world. 30673276 7 39 dep formation 868:876 arg1 mechanism 878:886 mechanism 878:886 mechanism 878:886 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 10 40 theme low 1291:1293 arg1 0.2 1300:1302 0.2 1300:1302 0.2 1300:1302 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 10 40 theme low 1291:1293 arg1 PDI 1295:1297 a low PDI 1289:1297 a low PDI (0.2) 1289:1303 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 0 41 theme Chitosan 42:49 arg1 Nanoparticles 51:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles 15:63 Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery 15:87 Self-Assembled Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery. 30673276 6 42 theme surface 833:839 arg1 charge 841:846 surface charge 833:846 surface charge 833:846 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 5 43 theme disulfide 649:657 arg1 bonds 659:663 disulfide bonds 649:663 disulfide bonds 649:663 Herein, the formation of reduced bovine serum albumin (rBSA) and glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles (rBG-NPs) stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds was demonstrated for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery. 30673276 6 44 theme particle 765:772 arg1 size 774:777 the particle size 761:777 the particle size 761:777 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 2 45 theme effective 223:231 arg1 chemotherapy 240:251 effective cancer chemotherapy 223:251 effective cancer chemotherapy 223:251 Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising platform for effective cancer chemotherapy. 30673276 0 46 theme Glycol 35:40 arg1 Chitosan 42:49 Glycol Chitosan 35:49 Glycol Chitosan 35:49 Self-Assembled Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery. 30673276 4 47 theme low 430:432 arg1 stability 434:442 low stability 430:442 low stability of this kind of NP 430:461 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 10 48 theme PTX-loaded 1234:1243 arg1 rBG-NPs 1245:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1234:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1234:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 6 49 from effects 717:723 arg1 index 795:799 polydispersity index 780:799 polydispersity index (PDI) 780:805 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 49 from effects 717:723 arg1 charge 841:846 surface charge 833:846 surface charge 833:846 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 49 from effects 717:723 arg1 size 774:777 the particle size 761:777 the particle size 761:777 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 49 from effects 717:723 arg1 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 49 from effects 717:723 arg1 number 808:813 number 808:813 number of particles 808:826 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 3 50 theme interest 375:382 arg1 deal 367:370 a great deal 359:370 a great deal of interest 359:382 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 4 51 theme practical 473:481 arg1 application 483:493 its practical application 469:493 its practical application 469:493 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 8 52 theme electrostatic 1001:1013 arg1 forces 1045:1050 the driving forces 1033:1050 the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs 1033:1083 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 8 52 theme electrostatic 1001:1013 arg1 interactions 1015:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 6 53 theme polydispersity 780:793 arg1 index 795:799 polydispersity index 780:799 polydispersity index (PDI) 780:805 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 53 theme polydispersity 780:793 arg1 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 54 theme particles 818:826 arg1 index 795:799 polydispersity index 780:799 polydispersity index (PDI) 780:805 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 54 theme particles 818:826 arg1 charge 841:846 surface charge 833:846 surface charge 833:846 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 54 theme particles 818:826 arg1 number 808:813 number 808:813 number of particles 808:826 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 54 theme particles 818:826 arg1 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 PDI 802:804 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 6 54 theme particles 818:826 arg1 size 774:777 the particle size 761:777 the particle size 761:777 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 4 55 theme poor 398:401 arg1 solubility 409:418 the poor water solubility 394:418 the poor water solubility of CH 394:424 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 2 56 theme promising 200:208 arg1 platform 210:217 a promising platform 198:217 a promising platform for effective cancer chemotherapy 198:251 Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising platform for effective cancer chemotherapy. 30673276 12 57 theme similar 1554:1560 arg1 activity 1562:1569 similar activity 1554:1569 similar activity 1554:1569 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 12 58 theme PTX-loaded 1442:1451 arg1 rBG-NPs 1453:1459 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1442:1459 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1442:1459 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 7 59 theme NPs 909:911 arg1 formation 868:876 The formation mechanism and stability 864:900 formation 868:876 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 7 59 theme NPs 909:911 arg1 stability 892:900 stability 892:900 stability 892:900 The formation mechanism and stability of the NPs were determined by compositional analysis and dynamic light scattering. 30673276 13 60 used used 1681:1684 arg2 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 rBG-NPs 1664:1670 Our study suggests that rBG-NPs could be used as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. 30673276 13 60 used used 1681:1684 arg2 nanocarrier 1701:1711 a potential nanocarrier 1689:1711 a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs 1689:1733 Our study suggests that rBG-NPs could be used as a potential nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs. 30673276 3 61 theme proteins 284:291 arg1 assembly 272:279 the assembly 268:279 the assembly of proteins 268:291 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 3 61 theme proteins 284:291 arg1 CH 307:308 CH 307:308 CH 307:308 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 3 61 theme proteins 284:291 arg1 chitosan 297:304 chitosan 297:304 chitosan (CH) 297:309 NPs formed by the assembly of proteins and chitosan (CH) through noncovalent interactions are attracting a great deal of interest. 30673276 6 62 theme ratio 745:749 arg1 effects 717:723 The effects 713:723 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge 713:846 The effects of the rBSA:GC mass ratio and pH on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), number of particles, and surface charge were evaluated. 30673276 12 63 from h 1544:1544 arg1 formulation 1526:1536 a Taxol-like formulation 1513:1536 a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h 1513:1544 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 10 64 theme particle 1259:1266 arg1 size 1268:1271 a particle size 1257:1271 a particle size of ∼400 nm 1257:1282 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 12 65 theme in 1400:1401 arg1 study 1422:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study 1397:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study 1397:1426 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 8 66 theme driving 1037:1043 arg1 forces 1045:1050 the driving forces 1033:1050 the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs 1033:1083 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 8 66 theme driving 1037:1043 arg1 interactions 1015:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions 985:1026 Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were the driving forces for the formation of the rBG-NPs, and the NPs were stable under physiological conditions. 30673276 4 67 theme water 403:407 arg1 solubility 409:418 the poor water solubility 394:418 the poor water solubility of CH 394:424 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 12 68 dep in 1400:1401 arg1 vitro 1403:1407 vitro 1403:1407 vitro 1403:1407 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 0 69 theme Paclitaxel 69:78 arg1 Delivery 80:87 Paclitaxel Delivery 69:87 Paclitaxel Delivery 69:87 Self-Assembled Reduced Albumin and Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles for Paclitaxel Delivery. 30673276 4 70 theme NP 460:461 arg1 kind 452:455 this kind 447:455 this kind of NP 447:461 However, the poor water solubility of CH and low stability of this kind of NP limit its practical application. 30673276 2 71 theme cancer 233:238 arg1 chemotherapy 240:251 effective cancer chemotherapy 223:251 effective cancer chemotherapy 223:251 Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising platform for effective cancer chemotherapy. 30673276 12 72 contain had 1461:1463 arg2 activity 1476:1483 anticancer activity 1465:1483 anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h 1465:1577 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 12 72 contain had 1461:1463 arg1 rBG-NPs 1453:1459 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1442:1459 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1442:1459 An in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had anticancer activity that was lower than that of a Taxol-like formulation at 24 h but had similar activity at 48 h, possibly because of the slow release of PTX into the cells. 30673276 10 73 contain had 1253:1255 arg2 size 1268:1271 a particle size 1257:1271 a particle size of ∼400 nm 1257:1282 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30673276 10 73 contain had 1253:1255 arg1 rBG-NPs 1245:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1234:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs 1234:1251 PTX-loaded rBG-NPs had a particle size of ∼400 nm with a low PDI (0.2) and positive charge. 30236729 2 0 theme PGH 457:459 arg1 pectin 461:466 PGH pectin 457:466 PGH pectin under optimum conditions 457:491 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 5 1 theme Surface 1003:1009 arg1 analysis 1022:1029 Surface morphology analysis 1003:1029 Surface morphology analysis 1003:1029 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 1 2 theme microwave-assisted 164:181 arg1 conditions 194:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions 152:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 152:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 3 3 theme chromatography 744:757 arg1 analysis 759:766 high performance liquid chromatography analysis 720:766 high performance liquid chromatography analysis 720:766 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 1 4 theme 165 s 325:329 arg1 700 W 298:302 700 W 298:302 700 W 298:302 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 1 4 theme 165 s 325:329 arg1 time 317:320 irradiation time 305:320 irradiation time of 165 s 305:329 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 1 4 theme 165 s 325:329 arg1 pH 336:337 pH 336:337 pH of 1.5 336:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 5 theme 1.659 kg/mol 549:560 arg1 activity 575:582 emulsifying activity 563:582 emulsifying activity of 58.3% 563:591 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 5 theme 1.659 kg/mol 549:560 arg1 weight 539:544 molecular weight 529:544 molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol 529:560 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 5 theme 1.659 kg/mol 549:560 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 5 theme 1.659 kg/mol 549:560 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 5 theme 1.659 kg/mol 549:560 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 6 theme phenolic 600:607 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 1 7 theme extraction 183:192 arg1 conditions 194:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions 152:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 152:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 0 8 theme physicochemical 97:111 arg1 properties 140:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 5 9 theme X-ray 1035:1039 arg1 pattern 1053:1059 X-ray diffraction pattern 1035:1059 X-ray diffraction pattern 1035:1059 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 2 10 theme total 594:598 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 5 11 theme rough 1090:1094 arg1 surface 1096:1102 a rough surface 1088:1102 a rough surface 1088:1102 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 1 12 theme % 268:268 arg1 yield 254:258 extraction yield 243:258 extraction yield of 18.13% 243:268 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 4 13 theme FTIR 932:935 arg1 spectrums 937:945 FTIR spectrums 932:945 FTIR spectrums 932:945 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 3 14 theme liquid 737:742 arg1 chromatography 744:757 high performance liquid chromatography 720:757 high performance liquid chromatography analysis 720:766 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 0 15 theme structural 114:123 arg1 properties 140:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 16 theme pH 336:337 arg1 power 289:293 microwave power 279:293 microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5 279:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 17 theme % 591:591 arg1 activity 575:582 emulsifying activity 563:582 emulsifying activity of 58.3% 563:591 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 17 theme % 591:591 arg1 weight 539:544 molecular weight 529:544 molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol 529:560 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 17 theme % 591:591 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 17 theme % 591:591 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 17 theme % 591:591 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 3 18 theme performance 725:735 arg1 chromatography 744:757 high performance liquid chromatography 720:757 high performance liquid chromatography analysis 720:766 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 2 19 theme optimum 474:480 arg1 conditions 482:491 optimum conditions 474:491 optimum conditions 474:491 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 20 theme GalAE/g 629:635 arg1 pectin 637:642 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 620:642 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 620:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 5 21 theme diffraction 1041:1051 arg1 pattern 1053:1059 X-ray diffraction pattern 1035:1059 X-ray diffraction pattern 1035:1059 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 2 22 theme physico-chemical 351:366 arg1 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties 347:404 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 0 23 theme green 10:14 arg1 pectin 21:26 Pistachio green hull pectin 0:26 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 0:150 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 24 theme 1.5 342:344 arg1 700 W 298:302 700 W 298:302 700 W 298:302 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 1 24 theme 1.5 342:344 arg1 time 317:320 irradiation time 305:320 irradiation time of 165 s 305:329 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 1 24 theme 1.5 342:344 arg1 pH 336:337 pH 336:337 pH of 1.5 336:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 25 theme 18.18 mg 620:627 arg1 pectin 637:642 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 620:642 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 620:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 1 26 theme pistachio 208:216 arg1 pectin 235:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin 208:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 208:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 0 27 theme Pistachio 0:8 arg1 pectin 21:26 Pistachio green hull pectin 0:26 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 0:150 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 2 28 theme low 497:499 arg1 methoxyl 501:508 low methoxyl 497:508 low methoxyl (about 12.1%) 497:522 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 28 theme low 497:499 arg1 % 521:521 about 12.1% 511:521 about 12.1% 511:521 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 1 29 theme green 218:222 arg1 pectin 235:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin 208:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 208:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 30 theme pectin 409:414 arg1 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties 347:404 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 0 31 theme functional 129:138 arg1 properties 140:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 93:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 4 32 theme 1H 921:922 arg1 NMR 924:926 1H NMR 921:926 1H NMR 921:926 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 1 33 theme hull 224:227 arg1 pectin 235:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin 208:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 208:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 0 34 theme hull 16:19 arg1 pectin 21:26 Pistachio green hull pectin 0:26 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 0:150 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 35 theme microwave 279:287 arg1 power 289:293 microwave power 279:293 microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5 279:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 36 theme % 706:706 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 36 theme % 706:706 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 37 theme functional 384:393 arg1 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties 347:404 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 5 38 theme morphology 1011:1020 arg1 analysis 1022:1029 Surface morphology analysis 1003:1029 Surface morphology analysis 1003:1029 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 1 39 theme PGH 230:232 arg1 pectin 235:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin 208:240 pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 208:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 4 40 from presence 961:968 arg1 supenatnt 992:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 0 41 theme properties 140:149 arg1 evaluation 79:88 evaluation 79:88 evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 79:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 0 41 theme properties 140:149 arg1 Optimization 29:40 Optimization 29:40 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction 29:73 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 42 dep pectin 235:240 arg1 yield 254:258 extraction yield 243:258 extraction yield of 18.13% 243:268 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 43 theme surface 653:659 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 43 theme surface 653:659 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 44 theme structural 369:378 arg1 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties 347:404 properties 395:404 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 0 45 theme microwave-assisted 45:62 arg1 extraction 64:73 microwave-assisted extraction 45:73 microwave-assisted extraction 45:73 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 46 theme 700 W 298:302 arg1 power 289:293 microwave power 279:293 microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5 279:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 2 47 theme molecular 529:537 arg1 weight 539:544 molecular weight 529:544 molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol 529:560 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 48 theme good 648:651 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 48 theme good 648:651 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 4 49 attach presence 961:968 arg1 supenatnt 992:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 4 49 attach presence 961:968 arg2 pectin 973:978 pectin 973:978 pectin 973:978 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 1 50 theme irradiation 305:315 arg1 time 317:320 irradiation time 305:320 irradiation time of 165 s 305:329 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 0 51 dep pectin 21:26 arg1 evaluation 79:88 evaluation 79:88 evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 79:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 0 51 dep pectin 21:26 arg1 Optimization 29:40 Optimization 29:40 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction 29:73 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 2 52 theme pectin 637:642 arg1 activity 575:582 emulsifying activity 563:582 emulsifying activity of 58.3% 563:591 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 52 theme pectin 637:642 arg1 weight 539:544 molecular weight 529:544 molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol 529:560 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 52 theme pectin 637:642 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 52 theme pectin 637:642 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 52 theme pectin 637:642 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 53 theme emulsifying 563:573 arg1 activity 575:582 emulsifying activity 563:582 emulsifying activity of 58.3% 563:591 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 1 54 theme pectin 235:240 arg1 conditions 194:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions 152:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 152:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 4 55 theme pectin 973:978 arg1 presence 961:968 the presence 957:968 the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt 957:1000 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 5 56 theme crystalline 1109:1119 arg1 structure 1121:1129 crystalline structure 1109:1129 crystalline structure 1109:1129 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 3 57 theme high 720:723 arg1 chromatography 744:757 high performance liquid chromatography 720:757 high performance liquid chromatography analysis 720:766 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 5 58 contain had 1084:1086 arg1 pectin 1077:1082 PGH pectin 1073:1082 PGH pectin 1073:1082 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 5 58 contain had 1084:1086 arg2 surface 1096:1102 a rough surface 1088:1102 a rough surface 1088:1102 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30236729 2 59 with methoxyl 501:508 arg1 activity 575:582 emulsifying activity 563:582 emulsifying activity of 58.3% 563:591 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 59 with methoxyl 501:508 arg1 weight 539:544 molecular weight 529:544 molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol 529:560 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 59 with methoxyl 501:508 arg1  w/v 707:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v 671:710 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 59 with methoxyl 501:508 arg1 content 609:615 total phenolic content 594:615 total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin 594:642 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 2 59 with methoxyl 501:508 arg1 activity 661:668 good surface activity 648:668 good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) 648:711 The physico-chemical, structural and functional properties of pectin was examined and the results showed that PGH pectin under optimum conditions was low methoxyl (about 12.1%) with molecular weight of 1.659 kg/mol, emulsifying activity of 58.3%, total phenolic content of 18.18 mg GalAE/g pectin and good surface activity (46.23 and 49.75 mN/m at 0.1 and 0.5% w/v). 30236729 1 60 theme extraction 243:252 arg1 yield 254:258 extraction yield 243:258 extraction yield of 18.13% 243:268 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 0 61 theme extraction 64:73 arg1 evaluation 79:88 evaluation 79:88 evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties 79:149 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 0 61 theme extraction 64:73 arg1 Optimization 29:40 Optimization 29:40 Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction 29:73 Pistachio green hull pectin: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction and evaluation of its physicochemical, structural and functional properties. 30236729 1 62 theme time 317:320 arg1 power 289:293 microwave power 279:293 microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5 279:344 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 4 63 theme obtained 983:990 arg1 supenatnt 992:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 obtained supenatnt 983:1000 In addition, 1H NMR and FTIR spectrums confirmed the presence of pectin in obtained supenatnt. 30236729 1 64 theme optimal 156:162 arg1 conditions 194:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions 152:203 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) 152:269 The optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions of pistachio green hull (PGH) pectin (extraction yield of 18.13%) were in microwave power of 700 W, irradiation time of 165 s, and pH of 1.5. 30236729 3 65 theme galacturonic 809:820 arg1 % 832:832 66.0% 828:832 66.0% 828:832 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 3 65 theme galacturonic 809:820 arg1 pectin 789:794 the pectin 785:794 the pectin 785:794 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 3 65 theme galacturonic 809:820 arg1 acid 822:825 galacturonic acid 809:825 galacturonic acid (66.0%) 809:833 Also, high performance liquid chromatography analysis illustrated that the pectin is including galacturonic acid (66.0%), arabinose (26.2%), galactose (3.7%), rhamnose (2.7%) and xylose (1.0%). 30236729 5 66 theme PGH 1073:1075 arg1 pectin 1077:1082 PGH pectin 1073:1082 PGH pectin 1073:1082 Surface morphology analysis and X-ray diffraction pattern showed that PGH pectin had a rough surface with crystalline structure. 30290252 1 0 theme starch 298:303 arg1 mixture 269:275 a mixture 267:275 a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) 267:416 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 0 1 theme ions 167:170 arg1 removal 135:141 removal 135:141 removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 135:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 5 2 theme kinetic 780:786 arg1 model 788:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 760:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 760:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 7 3 from CS/starch-g-PAN 1265:1279 arg1 present 1236:1242 present 1236:1242 present 1236:1242 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 5 4 theme metal 1005:1009 arg1 ions 1011:1014 all metal ions 1001:1014 all metal ions 1001:1014 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 0 5 theme Co2+ 162:165 arg1 ions 167:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 4 6 theme Ni2+ 603:606 arg1 function 667:674 a function 665:674 a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion 665:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 6 theme Ni2+ 603:606 arg1 Sorption 585:592 Sorption 585:592 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents 585:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 6 7 theme rice 1128:1131 arg1 starch-g-PAN 1133:1144 rice starch-g-PAN 1128:1144 rice starch-g-PAN 1128:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 2 8 theme ethylene 443:450 arg1 ether 470:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 8 theme ethylene 443:450 arg1 poly 438:441 poly 438:441 poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) 438:475 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 7 9 theme sorption 1325:1332 arg1 capacity 1334:1341 the sorption capacity 1321:1341 the sorption capacity 1321:1341 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 4 10 theme ion 719:721 arg1 time 679:682 time 679:682 time 679:682 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 10 theme ion 719:721 arg1 concentration 692:704 the concentration 688:704 the concentration of the metal ion 688:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 6 11 theme capacity 1052:1059 arg1 values 1021:1026 The values 1017:1026 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1017:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 7 12 attach present 1236:1242 arg2 groups 1229:1234 The nitrile groups 1217:1234 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1217:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 7 12 attach present 1236:1242 arg1 CS/starch-g-PAN 1265:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 1 13 theme dual 245:248 arg1 cross-linking 250:262 dual cross-linking 245:262 dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) 245:416 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 0 14 theme efficient 96:104 arg1 biosorbents 119:129 efficient and reusable biosorbents 96:129 efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 96:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 1 15 theme different 317:325 arg1 potato 354:359 potato 354:359 potato 354:359 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 15 theme different 317:325 arg1 sources 337:343 different botanical sources 317:343 different botanical sources 317:343 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 15 theme different 317:325 arg1 wheat 362:366 wheat 362:366 wheat 362:366 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 15 theme different 317:325 arg1 rice 373:376 rice 373:376 rice 373:376 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 4 16 theme sorbent 746:752 arg1 dose 754:757 sorbent dose 746:757 sorbent dose 746:757 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 6 17 theme sorption 1043:1050 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum sorption capacity 1031:1059 the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1031:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 1 18 theme botanical 327:335 arg1 potato 354:359 potato 354:359 potato 354:359 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 18 theme botanical 327:335 arg1 sources 337:343 different botanical sources 317:343 different botanical sources 317:343 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 18 theme botanical 327:335 arg1 wheat 362:366 wheat 362:366 wheat 362:366 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 18 theme botanical 327:335 arg1 rice 373:376 rice 373:376 rice 373:376 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 7 19 theme nitrile 1221:1227 arg1 groups 1229:1234 The nitrile groups 1217:1234 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1217:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 6 20 theme maximum 1035:1041 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum sorption capacity 1031:1059 the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1031:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 0 21 theme reusable 110:117 arg1 biosorbents 119:129 efficient and reusable biosorbents 96:129 efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 96:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 8 22 theme reusability 1386:1396 arg1 level 1377:1381 A remarkable level 1364:1381 A remarkable level of reusability 1364:1396 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 5 23 from equilibrium 985:995 arg1 sorption 973:980 the sorption 969:980 the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions 969:1014 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 4 24 theme optimum 731:737 arg1 pH 739:740 optimum pH 731:740 optimum pH 731:740 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 8 25 theme remarkable 1366:1375 arg1 level 1377:1381 A remarkable level 1364:1381 A remarkable level of reusability 1364:1396 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 0 26 theme Cu2+ 146:149 arg1 ions 167:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 6 27 theme Cu2+ 1064:1067 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum sorption capacity 1031:1059 the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1031:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 4 28 theme novel 627:631 arg1 biosorbents 633:643 the novel biosorbents 623:643 the novel biosorbents 623:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 1 29 theme Novel 173:177 arg1 biosorbents 189:199 Novel composite biosorbents 173:199 Novel composite biosorbents 173:199 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 29 theme Novel 173:177 arg1 cryobeads 232:240 cryobeads 232:240 cryobeads 232:240 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 6 30 dep follows 1154:1160 arg1 74.01 mg/g 1191:1200 74.01 mg/g 1191:1200 74.01 mg/g 1191:1200 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 6 30 dep follows 1154:1160 arg1 100.6 mg/g 1163:1172 100.6 mg/g 1163:1172 100.6 mg/g 1163:1172 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 6 30 dep follows 1154:1160 arg1 83.25 mg/g 1175:1184 83.25 mg/g 1175:1184 83.25 mg/g 1175:1184 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 5 31 theme probable 882:889 arg1 mechanism 891:899 the most probable mechanism 873:899 the most probable mechanism of sorption 873:911 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 5 31 theme probable 882:889 arg1 chemisorption 856:868 chemisorption 856:868 chemisorption 856:868 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 4 32 theme metal 713:717 arg1 ion 719:721 the metal ion 709:721 the metal ion 709:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 5 33 theme kinetic 828:834 arg1 results 836:842 the kinetic results 824:842 the kinetic results 824:842 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 1 34 theme composite 179:187 arg1 biosorbents 189:199 Novel composite biosorbents 173:199 Novel composite biosorbents 173:199 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 34 theme composite 179:187 arg1 cryobeads 232:240 cryobeads 232:240 cryobeads 232:240 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 1 35 theme mixture 269:275 arg1 cross-linking 250:262 dual cross-linking 245:262 dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) 245:416 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 7 36 theme biocomposites 1251:1263 arg1 CS/starch-g-PAN 1265:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 5 37 theme Sips 938:941 arg1 models 952:957 Sips isotherm models 938:957 Sips isotherm models 938:957 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 7 38 theme present 1236:1242 arg1 groups 1229:1234 The nitrile groups 1217:1234 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1217:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 2 39 theme diglycidyl 459:468 arg1 ether 470:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 39 theme diglycidyl 459:468 arg1 poly 438:441 poly 438:441 poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) 438:475 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 3 40 theme swelling 566:573 arg1 kinetics 575:582 swelling kinetics 566:582 swelling kinetics 566:582 Composite cryobeads were characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, and swelling kinetics. 30290252 6 41 theme composite 1094:1102 arg1 sorbent 1104:1110 the composite sorbent 1090:1110 the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1090:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 0 42 theme composite 36:44 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 0 42 theme composite 36:44 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 1 43 theme chitosan 280:287 arg1 mixture 269:275 a mixture 267:275 a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) 267:416 Novel composite biosorbents were developed in this work as cryobeads by dual cross-linking of a mixture of chitosan (CS) and starch coming from different botanical sources, such as potato, wheat, and rice, grafted with poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN). 30290252 2 44 theme glycol 452:457 arg1 ether 470:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 44 theme glycol 452:457 arg1 poly 438:441 poly 438:441 poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) 438:475 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 5 45 theme sorption 904:911 arg1 mechanism 891:899 the most probable mechanism 873:899 the most probable mechanism of sorption 873:911 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 5 45 theme sorption 904:911 arg1 chemisorption 856:868 chemisorption 856:868 chemisorption 856:868 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 8 46 theme composite 1416:1424 arg1 cryobeads 1426:1434 the composite cryobeads 1412:1434 the composite cryobeads 1412:1434 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 0 47 theme Ni2+ 152:155 arg1 ions 167:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 146:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 0 48 dep cryobeads 46:54 arg1 based 56:60 based 56:60 cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions 46:170 Fabrication and characterization of composite cryobeads based on chitosan and starches-g-PAN as efficient and reusable biosorbents for removal of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ ions. 30290252 4 49 theme Co2+ 613:616 arg1 function 667:674 a function 665:674 a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion 665:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 49 theme Co2+ 613:616 arg1 Sorption 585:592 Sorption 585:592 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents 585:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 3 50 theme Composite 505:513 arg1 cryobeads 515:523 Composite cryobeads 505:523 Composite cryobeads 505:523 Composite cryobeads were characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, and swelling kinetics. 30290252 5 51 theme Elovich 798:804 arg1 model 806:810 Elovich model 798:810 Elovich model 798:810 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 8 52 theme consecutive 1500:1510 arg1 cycles 1532:1537 five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles 1495:1537 five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles 1495:1537 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 8 53 theme capacity 1465:1472 arg1 decrease 1440:1447 no decrease 1437:1447 no decrease of the sorption capacity 1437:1472 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 6 54 theme Ni2+ 1070:1073 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum sorption capacity 1031:1059 the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1031:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 6 55 theme Co2+ 1080:1083 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum sorption capacity 1031:1059 the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN 1031:1144 The values of the maximum sorption capacity of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the composite sorbent based on CS and rice starch-g-PAN were as follows: 100.6 mg/g, 83.25 mg/g, and 74.01 mg/g, respectively. 30290252 7 56 from present 1236:1242 arg1 CS/starch-g-PAN 1265:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN 1247:1279 The nitrile groups present in the biocomposites CS/starch-g-PAN constitute a source to further increase the sorption capacity by their hydrolysis. 30290252 4 57 theme time 679:682 arg1 Sorption 585:592 Sorption 585:592 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents 585:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 57 theme time 679:682 arg1 function 667:674 a function 665:674 a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion 665:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 5 58 theme isotherm 943:950 arg1 models 952:957 Sips isotherm models 938:957 Sips isotherm models 938:957 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 5 59 theme Pseudo-second-order 760:778 arg1 model 788:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 760:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 760:792 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich model well fitted the kinetic results, indicating chemisorption as the most probable mechanism of sorption, while the Langmuir, and Sips isotherm models described the sorption at equilibrium for all metal ions. 30290252 2 60 used used 482:485 arg2 cross-linkers 490:502 cross-linkers 490:502 cross-linkers 490:502 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 60 used used 482:485 arg2 poly 438:441 poly 438:441 poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) 438:475 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 60 used used 482:485 arg2 Glutaraldehyde 419:432 Glutaraldehyde 419:432 Glutaraldehyde 419:432 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 2 60 used used 482:485 arg2 ether 470:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 443:474 Glutaraldehyde and poly(ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) were used as cross-linkers. 30290252 4 61 theme concentration 692:704 arg1 Sorption 585:592 Sorption 585:592 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents 585:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 61 theme concentration 692:704 arg1 function 667:674 a function 665:674 a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion 665:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 8 62 theme sorption/desorption 1512:1530 arg1 cycles 1532:1537 five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles 1495:1537 five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles 1495:1537 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 8 63 theme sorption 1456:1463 arg1 capacity 1465:1472 the sorption capacity 1452:1472 the sorption capacity 1452:1472 A remarkable level of reusability was found for the composite cryobeads, no decrease of the sorption capacity being observed after five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles. 30290252 4 64 theme Cu2+ 597:600 arg1 function 667:674 a function 665:674 a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion 665:721 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 30290252 4 64 theme Cu2+ 597:600 arg1 Sorption 585:592 Sorption 585:592 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents 585:643 Sorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+ onto the novel biosorbents was investigated as a function of time and the concentration of the metal ion, at the optimum pH and sorbent dose. 31862566 3 0 theme lower 707:711 arg1 size 722:725 the lower particle size 703:725 the lower particle size of composite MP sols 703:746 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 1 1 theme structural 183:192 arg1 properties 194:203 the gelling and structural properties 167:203 the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 167:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 0 2 theme thermo-reversible 87:103 arg1 gels 137:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 0 3 theme curdlan 129:135 arg1 gels 137:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 4 4 theme TRC 775:777 arg1 presence 763:770 the presence 759:770 the presence of TRC or TIRC 759:785 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 3 5 theme Dynamic 522:528 arg1 testing 542:548 Dynamic rheological testing 522:548 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping 522:574 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 3 6 theme temperature 555:565 arg1 sweeping 567:574 temperature sweeping 555:574 temperature sweeping 555:574 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 1 7 theme thermo-reversible 295:311 arg1 TRC 327:329 TRC 327:329 TRC 327:329 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 7 theme thermo-reversible 295:311 arg1 gels 321:324 thermo-reversible curdlan gels 295:324 thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) 295:330 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 0 8 theme thermo-irreversible 109:127 arg1 gels 137:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 87:140 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 3 9 theme particle 713:720 arg1 size 722:725 the lower particle size 703:725 the lower particle size of composite MP sols 703:746 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 2 10 theme gel 381:383 arg1 strength 385:392 The gel strength 377:392 The gel strength 377:392 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 1 11 theme curdlan 313:319 arg1 TRC 327:329 TRC 327:329 TRC 327:329 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 11 theme curdlan 313:319 arg1 gels 321:324 thermo-reversible curdlan gels 295:324 thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) 295:330 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 6 12 theme MP 1110:1111 arg1 properties 1072:1081 gelling properties 1064:1081 gelling properties 1064:1081 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 6 12 theme MP 1110:1111 arg1 structure 1097:1105 secondary structure 1087:1105 secondary structure 1087:1105 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 2 13 theme holding 401:407 arg1 capacity 409:416 water holding capacity 395:416 water holding capacity 395:416 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 1 14 theme composite 208:216 arg1 gels 218:221 composite gels 208:221 composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 208:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 0 15 theme gelling 8:14 arg1 properties 16:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 2 16 theme TIRC 497:500 arg1 P < 0.05 511:518 P < 0.05 511:518 P < 0.05 511:518 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 2 16 theme TIRC 497:500 arg1 content 502:508 TIRC content 497:508 TIRC content (P < 0.05) 497:519 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 4 17 theme gels 825:828 arg1 structure 809:817 the secondary structure 795:817 the secondary structure of MP gels 795:828 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 3 18 theme MP 740:741 arg1 sols 743:746 composite MP sols 730:746 composite MP sols 730:746 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 1 19 theme gels 218:221 arg1 properties 194:203 the gelling and structural properties 167:203 the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 167:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 0 20 theme Thermal 0:6 arg1 properties 16:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 1 21 theme gels 321:324 arg1 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 21 theme gels 321:324 arg1 protein 250:256 myofibrillar protein 237:256 myofibrillar protein (MP) 237:261 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 21 theme gels 321:324 arg1 concentrations 277:290 different concentrations 267:290 different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 267:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 4 22 theme MP 822:823 arg1 gels 825:828 MP gels 822:828 MP gels 822:828 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 3 23 theme G 595:595 arg1 values 605:610 the G' and G″ values 591:610 the G' and G″ values of MP 591:616 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 2 24 theme water 395:399 arg1 capacity 409:416 water holding capacity 395:416 water holding capacity 395:416 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 3 25 theme sols 743:746 arg1 size 722:725 the lower particle size 703:725 the lower particle size of composite MP sols 703:746 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 4 26 theme MP 876:877 arg1 sols 879:882 MP sols 876:882 MP sols 876:882 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 2 27 theme MP 436:437 arg1 gels 439:442 MP gels 436:442 MP gels 436:442 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 2 28 theme gels 439:442 arg1 capacity 409:416 water holding capacity 395:416 water holding capacity 395:416 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 2 28 theme gels 439:442 arg1 whiteness 423:431 whiteness 423:431 whiteness of MP gels 423:442 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 2 28 theme gels 439:442 arg1 strength 385:392 The gel strength 377:392 The gel strength 377:392 The gel strength, water holding capacity, and whiteness of MP gels were significantly increased with increasing TRC and TIRC content (P < 0.05). 31862566 3 29 theme added 651:655 arg1 TRC 657:659 TRC 657:659 TRC 657:659 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 5 30 theme MP 904:905 arg1 gels 907:910 MP gels 904:910 MP gels 904:910 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 1 31 theme myofibrillar 237:248 arg1 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 31 theme myofibrillar 237:248 arg1 protein 250:256 myofibrillar protein 237:256 myofibrillar protein (MP) 237:261 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 3 32 theme composite 730:738 arg1 sols 743:746 composite MP sols 730:746 composite MP sols 730:746 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 3 33 theme G″ 602:603 arg1 values 605:610 the G' and G″ values 591:610 the G' and G″ values of MP 591:616 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 0 34 theme structural 31:40 arg1 properties 42:51 structural properties 31:51 structural properties 31:51 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 4 35 theme sols 879:882 arg1 structure 863:871 the tertiary structure 850:871 the tertiary structure of MP sols 850:882 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 4 36 theme TIRC 782:785 arg1 presence 763:770 the presence 759:770 the presence of TRC or TIRC 759:785 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 0 37 theme myofibrillar 56:67 arg1 protein 69:75 myofibrillar protein 56:75 myofibrillar protein 56:75 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 1 38 theme thermo-irreversible 336:354 arg1 TIRC 370:373 TIRC 370:373 TIRC 370:373 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 38 theme thermo-irreversible 336:354 arg1 gels 364:367 thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 336:367 thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 336:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 4 39 theme secondary 799:807 arg1 structure 809:817 the secondary structure 795:817 the secondary structure of MP gels 795:828 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 6 40 theme distinctive 1037:1047 arg1 effects 1049:1055 distinctive effects 1037:1055 distinctive effects 1037:1055 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 6 41 theme gelling 1064:1070 arg1 properties 1072:1081 gelling properties 1064:1081 gelling properties 1064:1081 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 1 42 theme curdlan 356:362 arg1 TIRC 370:373 TIRC 370:373 TIRC 370:373 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 42 theme curdlan 356:362 arg1 gels 364:367 thermo-irreversible curdlan gels 336:367 thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 336:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 5 43 theme protein 979:985 arg1 matrix 987:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 5 44 theme stable 972:977 arg1 matrix 987:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 1 45 theme gels 364:367 arg1 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 MP 259:260 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 45 theme gels 364:367 arg1 protein 250:256 myofibrillar protein 237:256 myofibrillar protein (MP) 237:261 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 1 45 theme gels 364:367 arg1 concentrations 277:290 different concentrations 267:290 different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 267:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 5 46 theme matrix 987:992 arg1 formation 944:952 the formation 940:952 the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix 940:992 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 5 47 theme dense 962:966 arg1 matrix 987:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 more dense and stable protein matrix 957:992 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 4 48 theme tertiary 854:861 arg1 structure 863:871 the tertiary structure 850:871 the tertiary structure of MP sols 850:882 Moreover, the presence of TRC or TIRC changed the secondary structure of MP gels, as well as altered the tertiary structure of MP sols. 31862566 6 49 contain had 1033:1035 arg1 TIRC 1028:1031 TIRC 1028:1031 TIRC 1028:1031 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 6 49 contain had 1033:1035 arg2 effects 1049:1055 distinctive effects 1037:1055 distinctive effects 1037:1055 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 6 49 contain had 1033:1035 arg1 TRC 1021:1023 TRC 1021:1023 TRC 1021:1023 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 5 50 theme gels 907:910 arg1 micrographs 889:899 The micrographs 885:899 The micrographs of MP gels 885:910 The micrographs of MP gels indicated that TRC prompted the formation of more dense and stable protein matrix. 31862566 1 51 theme gelling 171:177 arg1 properties 194:203 the gelling and structural properties 167:203 the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 167:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 31862566 6 52 dep properties 1072:1081 arg1 the 1060:1062 the 1060:1062 the 1060:1062 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 6 53 theme secondary 1087:1095 arg1 structure 1097:1105 secondary structure 1087:1105 secondary structure 1087:1105 Our results revealed that TRC or TIRC had distinctive effects on the gelling properties and secondary structure of MP. 31862566 0 54 theme protein 69:75 arg1 properties 16:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties 0:25 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 0 54 theme protein 69:75 arg1 properties 42:51 structural properties 31:51 structural properties 31:51 Thermal gelling properties and structural properties of myofibrillar protein including thermo-reversible and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels. 31862566 3 55 theme MP 615:616 arg1 values 605:610 the G' and G″ values 591:610 the G' and G″ values of MP 591:616 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 3 56 theme rheological 530:540 arg1 testing 542:548 Dynamic rheological testing 522:548 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping 522:574 Dynamic rheological testing upon temperature sweeping indicated that the G' and G″ values of MP were significantly enhanced with added TRC or TIRC, which were positively related to the lower particle size of composite MP sols. 31862566 1 57 theme different 267:275 arg1 concentrations 277:290 different concentrations 267:290 different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC) 267:374 This study investigated the gelling and structural properties of composite gels prepared with myofibrillar protein (MP) and different concentrations of thermo-reversible curdlan gels (TRC) and thermo-irreversible curdlan gels (TIRC). 30926506 5 0 theme antibacterial 884:896 arg1 yarns 922:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns 884:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 884:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 5 1 theme hybrid 915:920 arg1 yarns 922:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns 884:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 884:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 2 2 theme XRD 477:479 arg1 measurements 481:492 XRD measurements 477:492 XRD measurements 477:492 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 4 3 theme antibacterial 696:708 arg1 activity 710:717 high antibacterial activity 691:717 high antibacterial activity 691:717 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 1 4 theme graphene 265:272 arg1 oxide 274:278 graphene oxide 265:278 graphene oxide (GO) sheets 265:290 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 5 5 theme nanofiber/cotton 898:913 arg1 yarns 922:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns 884:926 antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 884:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 4 6 theme TiO2/GO/CA 663:672 arg1 cotton 674:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton 663:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton 663:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 1 7 theme oxide 274:278 arg1 sheets 285:290 graphene oxide (GO) sheets 265:290 graphene oxide (GO) sheets 265:290 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 0 8 theme graphene 96:103 arg1 oxide 105:109 graphene oxide 96:109 graphene oxide 96:109 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 1 9 theme efficient 340:348 arg1 process 366:372 an efficient electrospinning process 337:372 an efficient electrospinning process 337:372 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 4 10 theme inhibition 727:736 arg1 rate 738:741 an inhibition rate 724:741 an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria 724:800 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 0 11 theme cellulose 114:122 arg1 nanofibers 132:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 1 12 theme electrospinning 350:364 arg1 process 366:372 an efficient electrospinning process 337:372 an efficient electrospinning process 337:372 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 1 13 theme novel 161:165 arg1 nanofiber 167:175 a novel nanofiber 159:175 a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies 159:216 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 5 14 theme textiles 961:968 arg1 applications 970:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 5 15 theme large-scale 858:868 arg1 production 870:879 the large-scale production 854:879 the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 854:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 0 16 theme hydrophilic 9:19 arg1 efficiencies 39:50 hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies 9:50 hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies 9:50 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 3 17 theme uniform 562:568 arg1 distribution 570:581 a uniform distribution 560:581 a uniform distribution 560:581 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 4 18 dep subtilis 770:777 arg1 bacteria 793:800 bacteria 793:800 bacteria 793:800 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 4 19 theme higher 743:748 arg1 rate 738:741 an inhibition rate 724:741 an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria 724:800 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 1 20 theme improved 182:189 arg1 efficiencies 205:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 0 21 theme antibacterial 25:37 arg1 efficiencies 39:50 hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies 9:50 hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies 9:50 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 3 22 contain have 555:558 arg2 distribution 570:581 a uniform distribution 560:581 a uniform distribution 560:581 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 3 22 contain have 555:558 arg1 nanofibers 530:539 TiO2 nanofibers 525:539 TiO2 nanofibers 525:539 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 3 22 contain have 555:558 arg1 sheets 548:553 GO sheets 545:553 GO sheets 545:553 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 5 23 theme antibacterial 947:959 arg1 applications 970:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 1 24 theme antibacterial 191:203 arg1 efficiencies 205:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 5 25 theme proposed 818:825 arg1 promising 840:848 promising 840:848 promising 840:848 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 5 25 theme proposed 818:825 arg1 nanofiber 827:835 the proposed nanofiber 814:835 the proposed nanofiber 814:835 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 0 26 theme acetate 124:130 arg1 nanofibers 132:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 5 27 theme yarns 922:926 arg1 production 870:879 the large-scale production 854:879 the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 854:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 2 28 theme above 420:424 arg1 nanocomposite 426:438 above nanocomposite 420:438 above nanocomposite 420:438 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 0 29 from nanofiber 82:90 arg1 nanofibers 132:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 3 30 theme CA 590:591 arg1 nanofibers 593:602 the CA nanofibers 586:602 the CA nanofibers 586:602 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 4 31 theme @ 673:673 arg1 cotton 674:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton 663:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton 663:679 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 2 32 theme chemical 396:403 arg1 composition 405:415 chemical composition 396:415 chemical composition 396:415 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 1 33 theme cellulose 297:305 arg1 acetate 307:313 cellulose acetate 297:313 cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process 297:372 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 1 33 theme cellulose 297:305 arg1 CA 316:317 CA 316:317 CA 316:317 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 0 34 theme synergetic 59:68 arg1 nanofiber 82:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 1 35 theme acetate 307:313 arg1 nanofibers 320:329 cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers 297:329 cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process 297:372 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 1 36 dep oxide 274:278 arg1 GO 281:282 GO 281:282 GO 281:282 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 5 37 theme biomedical 932:941 arg1 applications 970:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications 932:981 Therefore, the proposed nanofiber is promising for the large-scale production of antibacterial nanofiber/cotton hybrid yarns for biomedical and antibacterial textiles applications. 30926506 2 38 dep morphologies 379:390 arg1 The 375:377 The 375:377 The 375:377 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 1 39 with nanofiber 167:175 arg1 efficiencies 205:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 improved antibacterial efficiencies 182:216 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 0 40 from oxide 105:109 arg1 nanofibers 132:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 cellulose acetate nanofibers 114:141 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 3 41 dep sheets 548:553 arg1 GO 545:546 GO 545:546 GO 545:546 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 30926506 0 42 theme TiO2 77:80 arg1 nanofiber 82:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 2 43 theme nanocomposite 426:438 arg1 morphologies 379:390 morphologies 379:390 morphologies 379:390 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 2 43 theme nanocomposite 426:438 arg1 composition 405:415 chemical composition 396:415 chemical composition 396:415 The morphologies and chemical composition of above nanocomposite were fully measured by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements. 30926506 4 44 theme high 691:694 arg1 activity 710:717 high antibacterial activity 691:717 high antibacterial activity 691:717 TiO2/GO/CA@cotton exhibited high antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate higher than 95% against B. subtilis and B. cereus bacteria. 30926506 1 45 theme TiO2 245:248 arg1 nanofibers 250:259 TiO2 nanofibers 245:259 TiO2 nanofibers 245:259 In this study, a novel nanofiber with improved antibacterial efficiencies was created by introducing TiO2 nanofibers and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers using an efficient electrospinning process. 30926506 0 46 theme effect 70:75 arg1 nanofiber 82:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber 55:90 Enhanced hydrophilic and antibacterial efficiencies by the synergetic effect TiO2 nanofiber and graphene oxide in cellulose acetate nanofibers. 30926506 3 47 theme TiO2 525:528 arg1 nanofibers 530:539 TiO2 nanofibers 525:539 TiO2 nanofibers 525:539 The results demonstrated that TiO2 nanofibers and GO sheets have a uniform distribution in the CA nanofibers and these two additives also could improve hydrophilicity. 31159256 10 0 contain had 1463:1465 arg1 animals 1424:1430 Prebiotic animals 1414:1430 Prebiotic animals 1414:1430 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 10 0 contain had 1463:1465 arg2 intake 1490:1495 food intake 1485:1495 food intake 1485:1495 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 10 0 contain had 1463:1465 arg2 mass 1479:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 10 0 contain had 1463:1465 arg2 permeability 1506:1517 gut permeability 1502:1517 gut permeability 1502:1517 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 7 1 theme dual 1073:1076 arg1 absorptiometry 1084:1097 dual X-ray absorptiometry 1073:1097 dual X-ray absorptiometry 1073:1097 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 2 2 theme environmental 314:326 arg1 factor 328:333 an important environmental factor 301:333 an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk 301:401 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 2 2 theme environmental 314:326 arg1 microbiota 289:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 12 3 theme gut 1802:1804 arg1 taxa 1816:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 3 4 theme prebiotic 530:538 arg1 consumption 540:550 prebiotic consumption 530:550 prebiotic consumption 530:550 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 3 5 theme potential 565:573 arg1 changes 591:597 potential stevia-mediated changes 565:597 potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota 565:615 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 4 6 theme = 789:789 arg1 A 767:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 6 theme = 789:789 arg1 8/group 791:797 n = 8/group 787:797 n = 8/group 787:797 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 6 7 theme fluid 984:988 arg1 intake 990:995 fluid intake 984:995 fluid intake 984:995 Body weight and feces were collected weekly and food and fluid intake biweekly. 31159256 4 8 theme Sprague-Dawley 638:651 arg1 rats 653:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 10 9 theme cecal 1523:1527 arg1 concentration 1534:1546 cecal SCFA concentration 1523:1546 cecal SCFA concentration 1523:1546 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 9 10 theme gut 1283:1285 arg1 composition 1298:1308 gut microbiota composition 1283:1308 gut microbiota composition 1283:1308 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 12 11 theme weight 1766:1771 arg1 gain 1773:1776 weight gain 1766:1776 weight gain 1766:1776 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 3 12 with dysbiosis 443:451 arg1 sweeteners 486:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 3 13 theme gut 602:604 arg1 microbiota 606:615 gut microbiota 602:615 gut microbiota 602:615 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 1 14 theme beverage 196:203 arg1 products 205:212 food and beverage products 187:212 food and beverage products 187:212 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 5 15 theme control 907:913 arg1 diet 915:918 control diet 907:918 control diet (10%) 907:924 Rebaudioside was added to drinking water and prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin added to control diet (10%). 31159256 5 15 theme control 907:913 arg1 % 923:923 10% 921:923 10% 921:923 Rebaudioside was added to drinking water and prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin added to control diet (10%). 31159256 9 16 theme accumbens 1329:1337 arg1 hydroxylase 1348:1358 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase 1321:1358 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase 1321:1358 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 11 17 theme Adding 1549:1554 arg1 A 1569:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A 1549:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A 1549:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 0 18 theme Gut 54:56 arg1 Microbiota 58:67 Gut Microbiota 54:67 Gut Microbiota 54:67 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 2 19 theme widespread 227:236 arg1 use 238:240 its widespread use 223:240 its widespread use 223:240 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 9 20 theme hydroxylase 1348:1358 arg1 levels 1390:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 8 21 theme A 1164:1164 arg1 consumption 1166:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption 1151:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption 1151:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption alone did not alter weight gain or glucose tolerance compared to CTR. 31159256 7 22 theme permeability 1053:1064 arg1 tests 1066:1070 gut permeability tests 1049:1070 gut permeability tests 1049:1070 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 4 23 dep A 720:720 arg1 2 704:704 2 704:704 2 704:704 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 0 24 theme Mesolimbic 77:86 arg1 System 104:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 12 25 theme glucose 1743:1749 arg1 metabolism 1751:1760 glucose metabolism 1743:1760 glucose metabolism 1743:1760 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 9 26 theme mRNA 1385:1388 arg1 levels 1390:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 3 27 theme dysbiosis 443:451 arg1 reports 432:438 previous reports 423:438 previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 423:495 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 2 28 theme subsequent 367:376 arg1 obesity 378:384 subsequent obesity 367:384 subsequent obesity 367:384 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 0 29 theme Reward 97:102 arg1 System 104:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 12 30 theme A 1708:1708 arg1 consumption 1710:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 8 31 theme weight 1198:1203 arg1 gain 1205:1208 weight gain 1198:1208 weight gain 1198:1208 Rebaudioside A consumption alone did not alter weight gain or glucose tolerance compared to CTR. 31159256 10 32 theme reduced 1467:1473 arg1 mass 1479:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 0 33 theme Low-Dose 0:7 arg1 Consumption 33:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 4 34 theme Rebaudioside 707:718 arg1 STV 723:725 STV 723:725 STV 723:725 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 34 theme Rebaudioside 707:718 arg1 A 720:720 (2) Rebaudioside A 703:720 : (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks 684:810 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 3 35 from changes 591:597 arg1 microbiota 606:615 gut microbiota 602:615 gut microbiota 602:615 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 7 36 theme Oral 1007:1010 arg1 glucose 1012:1018 Oral glucose 1007:1018 Oral glucose 1007:1018 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 12 37 from impact 1792:1797 arg1 taxa 1816:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 1 38 theme natural 124:130 arg1 sweetener 144:152 a natural low-calorie sweetener 122:152 a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products 122:212 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 1 38 theme natural 124:130 arg1 Stevia 112:117 Stevia 112:117 Stevia 112:117 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 3 39 theme previous 423:430 arg1 reports 432:438 previous reports 423:438 previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 423:495 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 10 40 theme food 1485:1488 arg1 intake 1490:1495 food intake 1485:1495 food intake 1485:1495 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 0 41 theme A 30:30 arg1 Consumption 33:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 12 42 theme low-dose 1686:1693 arg1 consumption 1710:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 2 43 theme important 304:312 arg1 factor 328:333 an important environmental factor 301:333 an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk 301:401 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 2 43 theme important 304:312 arg1 microbiota 289:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 3 44 theme artificial 463:472 arg1 sweeteners 486:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 10 45 theme gut 1502:1504 arg1 permeability 1506:1517 gut permeability 1502:1517 gut permeability 1502:1517 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 7 46 theme tissue 1104:1109 arg1 harvest 1111:1117 tissue harvest 1104:1117 tissue harvest 1104:1117 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 5 47 theme prebiotic 858:866 arg1 inulin 891:896 prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin 858:896 prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin 858:896 Rebaudioside was added to drinking water and prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin added to control diet (10%). 31159256 4 48 theme Three-week 618:627 arg1 rats 653:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 10 49 theme SCFA 1529:1532 arg1 concentration 1534:1546 cecal SCFA concentration 1523:1546 cecal SCFA concentration 1523:1546 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 4 50 theme Rebaudioside 754:765 arg1 A 767:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 50 theme Rebaudioside 754:765 arg1 8/group 791:797 n = 8/group 787:797 n = 8/group 787:797 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 7 51 theme X-ray 1078:1082 arg1 absorptiometry 1084:1097 dual X-ray absorptiometry 1073:1097 dual X-ray absorptiometry 1073:1097 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 10 52 theme Prebiotic 1414:1422 arg1 animals 1424:1430 Prebiotic animals 1414:1430 Prebiotic animals 1414:1430 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 9 53 theme Rebaudioside 1248:1259 arg1 A 1261:1261 Rebaudioside A 1248:1261 Rebaudioside A 1248:1261 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 11 54 theme cecal 1662:1666 arg1 weight 1668:1673 cecal weight 1662:1673 cecal weight 1662:1673 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 12 55 theme microbial 1806:1814 arg1 taxa 1816:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 gut microbial taxa 1802:1819 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 2 56 theme gut 285:287 arg1 factor 328:333 an important environmental factor 301:333 an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk 301:401 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 2 56 theme gut 285:287 arg1 microbiota 289:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 11 57 theme prebiotic 1614:1622 arg1 benefits 1598:1605 the benefits 1594:1605 the benefits of the prebiotic 1594:1622 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 4 58 theme n 787:787 arg1 A 767:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 58 theme n 787:787 arg1 8/group 791:797 n = 8/group 787:797 n = 8/group 787:797 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 9 59 theme dopamine 1364:1371 arg1 levels 1390:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 4 60 theme male 633:636 arg1 rats 653:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 9 61 theme microbiota 1287:1296 arg1 composition 1298:1308 gut microbiota composition 1283:1308 gut microbiota composition 1283:1308 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 10 62 theme Rebaudioside 1447:1458 arg1 A 1460:1460 Rebaudioside A 1447:1460 Rebaudioside A 1447:1460 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 11 63 theme significant 1637:1647 arg1 reduction 1649:1657 a significant reduction 1635:1657 a significant reduction in cecal weight 1635:1673 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 3 64 theme stevia-mediated 575:589 arg1 changes 591:597 potential stevia-mediated changes 565:597 potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota 565:615 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 9 65 theme nucleus 1321:1327 arg1 accumbens 1329:1337 nucleus accumbens 1321:1337 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase 1321:1358 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 9 66 theme transporter 1373:1383 arg1 levels 1390:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels 1321:1395 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 1 67 from popularity 173:182 arg1 products 205:212 food and beverage products 187:212 food and beverage products 187:212 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 9 68 theme tyrosine 1339:1346 arg1 hydroxylase 1348:1358 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase 1321:1358 nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase 1321:1358 Rebaudioside A did, however, alter gut microbiota composition and reduce nucleus accumbens tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter mRNA levels compared to CTR. 31159256 11 69 theme Rebaudioside 1556:1567 arg1 A 1569:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A 1549:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A 1549:1569 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 7 70 theme gut 1049:1051 arg1 tests 1066:1070 gut permeability tests 1049:1070 gut permeability tests 1049:1070 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 2 71 from impact 271:276 arg1 factor 328:333 an important environmental factor 301:333 an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk 301:401 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 2 71 from impact 271:276 arg1 microbiota 289:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 the gut microbiota 281:298 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 8 72 theme Rebaudioside 1151:1162 arg1 consumption 1166:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption 1151:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption 1151:1176 Rebaudioside A consumption alone did not alter weight gain or glucose tolerance compared to CTR. 31159256 0 73 theme Dopamine 88:95 arg1 System 104:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System 73:109 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 8/group 791:797 n = 8/group 787:797 n = 8/group 787:797 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 A 720:720 (2) Rebaudioside A 703:720 : (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks 684:810 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 STV 723:725 STV 723:725 STV 723:725 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 1 687:687 1 687:687 1 687:687 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 prebiotic 733:741 (3) prebiotic 729:741 : (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks 684:810 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 SP 782:783 SP 782:783 SP 782:783 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 PRE 744:746 PRE 744:746 PRE 744:746 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 A 767:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 (4) Rebaudioside A 750:767 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 74 dep Water 690:694 arg1 prebiotic 771:779 prebiotic 771:779 prebiotic (SP) 771:784 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 7 75 theme insulin 1024:1030 arg1 tests 1042:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 1 76 theme food 187:190 arg1 products 205:212 food and beverage products 187:212 food and beverage products 187:212 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 6 77 theme Body 927:930 arg1 weight 932:937 Body weight 927:937 Body weight 927:937 Body weight and feces were collected weekly and food and fluid intake biweekly. 31159256 11 78 from reduction 1649:1657 arg1 weight 1668:1673 cecal weight 1662:1673 cecal weight 1662:1673 Adding Rebaudioside A did not interfere with the benefits of the prebiotic except for a significant reduction in cecal weight. 31159256 10 79 theme fat 1475:1477 arg1 mass 1479:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 reduced fat mass 1467:1482 Prebiotic animals, alone or with Rebaudioside A, had reduced fat mass, food intake, and gut permeability and cecal SCFA concentration. 31159256 0 80 theme Stevia 9:14 arg1 Consumption 33:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 12 81 theme little 1726:1731 arg1 effect 1733:1738 little effect 1726:1738 little effect 1726:1738 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 0 82 theme Rebaudioside 17:28 arg1 Consumption 33:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption 0:43 Low-Dose Stevia (Rebaudioside A) Consumption Perturbs Gut Microbiota and the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward System. 31159256 12 83 theme Long-term 1676:1684 arg1 consumption 1710:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 7 84 theme age 1137:1139 arg1 weeks 1144:1148 age 12 weeks 1137:1148 age 12 weeks 1137:1148 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 2 85 theme disease 390:396 arg1 risk 398:401 disease risk 390:401 disease risk 390:401 Despite its widespread use, little is understood of its impact on the gut microbiota, an important environmental factor that can mediate metabolism and subsequent obesity and disease risk. 31159256 12 86 theme Rebaudioside 1695:1706 arg1 consumption 1710:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 5 87 theme oligofructose-enriched 868:889 arg1 inulin 891:896 prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin 858:896 prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin 858:896 Rebaudioside was added to drinking water and prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin added to control diet (10%). 31159256 12 88 contain had 1722:1724 arg1 consumption 1710:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption 1676:1720 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 12 88 contain had 1722:1724 arg2 effect 1733:1738 little effect 1726:1738 little effect 1726:1738 Long-term low-dose Rebaudioside A consumption had little effect on glucose metabolism and weight gain; however, its impact on gut microbial taxa should be further examined in populations exhibiting dysbiosis such as obesity. 31159256 8 89 theme glucose 1213:1219 arg1 tolerance 1221:1229 glucose tolerance 1213:1229 glucose tolerance 1213:1229 Rebaudioside A consumption alone did not alter weight gain or glucose tolerance compared to CTR. 31159256 7 90 theme tolerance 1032:1040 arg1 tests 1042:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31159256 4 91 dep A 767:767 arg1 4 751:751 4 751:751 4 751:751 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 1 92 theme low-calorie 132:142 arg1 sweetener 144:152 a natural low-calorie sweetener 122:152 a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products 122:212 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 1 92 theme low-calorie 132:142 arg1 Stevia 112:117 Stevia 112:117 Stevia 112:117 Stevia is a natural low-calorie sweetener that is growing in popularity in food and beverage products. 31159256 3 93 theme low-calorie 474:484 arg1 sweeteners 486:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 some artificial low-calorie sweeteners 458:495 Furthermore, given previous reports of dysbiosis with some artificial low-calorie sweeteners, we wanted to understand whether prebiotic consumption could rescue potential stevia-mediated changes in gut microbiota. 31159256 5 94 theme drinking 839:846 arg1 water 848:852 drinking water 839:852 drinking water 839:852 Rebaudioside was added to drinking water and prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin added to control diet (10%). 31159256 4 95 dep prebiotic 733:741 arg1 3 730:730 3 730:730 3 730:730 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 4 96 theme old 629:631 arg1 rats 653:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats 618:656 Three-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to consume: (1) Water (CTR); (2) Rebaudioside A (STV); (3) prebiotic (PRE); (4) Rebaudioside A + prebiotic (SP) (n = 8/group) for 9 weeks. 31159256 7 97 theme glucose 1012:1018 arg1 tests 1042:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests 1007:1046 Oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests, gut permeability tests, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and tissue harvest were performed at age 12 weeks. 31071408 2 0 theme pulping 425:431 arg1 process 433:439 pulping process 425:439 pulping process with ethanol 425:452 XL was obtained by precipitating wood hydrolysate (WH) produced during pulping process with ethanol. 31071408 5 1 theme composite 743:751 arg1 films 753:757 composite films 743:757 composite films 743:757 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 1 2 theme hydroxyethyl 219:230 arg1 cellulose 232:240 hydroxyethyl cellulose 219:240 hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 219:246 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 1 2 theme hydroxyethyl 219:230 arg1 HEC 243:245 HEC 243:245 HEC 243:245 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 5 3 theme films 753:757 arg1 Morphology 711:720 Morphology 711:720 Morphology 711:720 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 5 3 theme films 753:757 arg1 crystallinity 726:738 crystallinity 726:738 crystallinity 726:738 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 8 4 theme sustainable 1190:1200 arg1 materials 1215:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 6 5 theme tensile 877:883 arg1 strength 885:892 tensile strength 877:892 tensile strength up to 62.3 MPa and oxygen permeability (OP) 877:936 The composite film cured for 40 min exhibits tensile strength up to 62.3 MPa and oxygen permeability (OP) as low as 1.0 cm3·μm m-2·d-1·kPa-1. 31071408 0 6 theme food 85:88 arg1 packaging 90:98 food packaging 85:98 food packaging 85:98 Fabrication of antimicrobial composite films based on xylan from pulping process for food packaging. 31071408 7 7 theme antimicrobial 987:999 arg1 test 1001:1004 the antimicrobial test 983:1004 the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus 983:1034 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 7 8 theme films 1089:1093 arg1 activity 1067:1074 superior antimicrobial activity 1044:1074 superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex 1044:1106 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 2 9 with process 433:439 arg1 ethanol 446:452 ethanol 446:452 ethanol 446:452 XL was obtained by precipitating wood hydrolysate (WH) produced during pulping process with ethanol. 31071408 1 10 theme antimicrobial 153:165 arg1 films 177:181 antimicrobial composite films 153:181 antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 153:246 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 8 11 theme packing 1207:1213 arg1 materials 1215:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 7 12 with films 1089:1093 arg1 complex 1100:1106 complex 1100:1106 complex 1100:1106 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 8 13 contain has 1154:1156 arg2 potential 1164:1172 great potential 1158:1172 great potential 1158:1172 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 8 13 contain has 1154:1156 arg1 film 1149:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 1 14 theme composite 167:175 arg1 films 177:181 antimicrobial composite films 153:181 antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 153:246 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 8 15 theme XL/HEC 1128:1133 arg1 film 1149:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 2 16 theme wood 387:390 arg1 WH 405:406 WH 405:406 WH 405:406 XL was obtained by precipitating wood hydrolysate (WH) produced during pulping process with ethanol. 31071408 2 16 theme wood 387:390 arg1 hydrolysate 392:402 wood hydrolysate 387:402 wood hydrolysate (WH) produced during pulping process with ethanol 387:452 XL was obtained by precipitating wood hydrolysate (WH) produced during pulping process with ethanol. 31071408 7 17 theme composite 1079:1087 arg1 films 1089:1093 composite films 1079:1093 composite films with complex 1079:1106 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 3 18 theme β-CD/NaBz 543:551 arg1 complex 554:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 Antimicrobial activity was constructed by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex into the composite matrix. 31071408 8 19 theme antimicrobial 1135:1147 arg1 film 1149:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 the XL/HEC antimicrobial film 1124:1152 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 4 20 theme covalent 636:643 arg1 bonds 645:649 covalent bonds 636:649 covalent bonds 636:649 The interactions, including hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds, between the polymers were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. 31071408 0 21 theme composite 29:37 arg1 films 39:43 antimicrobial composite films 15:43 antimicrobial composite films 15:43 Fabrication of antimicrobial composite films based on xylan from pulping process for food packaging. 31071408 7 22 theme antimicrobial 1053:1065 arg1 activity 1067:1074 superior antimicrobial activity 1044:1074 superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex 1044:1106 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 3 23 theme β-cyclodextrin/sodium 511:531 arg1 complex 554:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 Antimicrobial activity was constructed by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex into the composite matrix. 31071408 0 24 theme antimicrobial 15:27 arg1 films 39:43 antimicrobial composite films 15:43 antimicrobial composite films 15:43 Fabrication of antimicrobial composite films based on xylan from pulping process for food packaging. 31071408 1 25 theme citric 253:258 arg1 CA 266:267 CA 266:267 CA 266:267 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 1 25 theme citric 253:258 arg1 acid 260:263 citric acid 253:263 citric acid (CA) 253:268 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 3 26 theme benzoate 533:540 arg1 complex 554:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex 511:560 Antimicrobial activity was constructed by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex into the composite matrix. 31071408 8 27 theme food 1202:1205 arg1 materials 1215:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 sustainable food packing materials 1190:1223 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 6 28 theme composite 836:844 arg1 film 846:849 The composite film 832:849 The composite film cured for 40 min 832:866 The composite film cured for 40 min exhibits tensile strength up to 62.3 MPa and oxygen permeability (OP) as low as 1.0 cm3·μm m-2·d-1·kPa-1. 31071408 4 29 theme hydrogen 617:624 arg1 bonds 626:630 hydrogen bonds 617:630 hydrogen bonds 617:630 The interactions, including hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds, between the polymers were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. 31071408 0 30 theme films 39:43 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of antimicrobial composite films 0:43 Fabrication of antimicrobial composite films based on xylan from pulping process for food packaging. 31071408 1 31 from cellulose 232:240 arg1 films 177:181 antimicrobial composite films 153:181 antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 153:246 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 8 32 theme great 1158:1162 arg1 potential 1164:1172 great potential 1158:1172 great potential 1158:1172 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 5 33 theme curing 772:777 arg1 time 779:782 different curing time 762:782 different curing time 762:782 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 6 34 theme oxygen 913:918 arg1 permeability 920:931 oxygen permeability 913:931 oxygen permeability 913:931 The composite film cured for 40 min exhibits tensile strength up to 62.3 MPa and oxygen permeability (OP) as low as 1.0 cm3·μm m-2·d-1·kPa-1. 31071408 6 35 dep 62.3 MPa 900:907 arg1 up 894:895 up 894:895 up 894:895 The composite film cured for 40 min exhibits tensile strength up to 62.3 MPa and oxygen permeability (OP) as low as 1.0 cm3·μm m-2·d-1·kPa-1. 31071408 1 36 from xylan 204:208 arg1 films 177:181 antimicrobial composite films 153:181 antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 153:246 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 1 37 theme facile 103:108 arg1 route 120:124 A facile and green route 101:124 A facile and green route 101:124 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 7 38 theme superior 1044:1051 arg1 activity 1067:1074 superior antimicrobial activity 1044:1074 superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex 1044:1106 Finally, the antimicrobial test against Staphylococcus aureus reveals superior antimicrobial activity of composite films with complex. 31071408 5 39 from time 779:782 arg1 Morphology 711:720 Morphology 711:720 Morphology 711:720 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 5 39 from time 779:782 arg1 crystallinity 726:738 crystallinity 726:738 crystallinity 726:738 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31071408 1 40 theme green 114:118 arg1 route 120:124 A facile and green route 101:124 A facile and green route 101:124 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 1 41 from films 177:181 arg1 article 191:197 this article 186:197 this article 186:197 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 4 42 theme FT-IR 691:695 arg1 spectroscopy 697:708 FT-IR spectroscopy 691:708 FT-IR spectroscopy 691:708 The interactions, including hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds, between the polymers were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. 31071408 3 43 theme composite 571:579 arg1 matrix 581:586 the composite matrix 567:586 the composite matrix 567:586 Antimicrobial activity was constructed by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex into the composite matrix. 31071408 3 44 theme Antimicrobial 455:467 arg1 activity 469:476 Antimicrobial activity 455:476 Antimicrobial activity 455:476 Antimicrobial activity was constructed by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/sodium benzoate (β-CD/NaBz) complex into the composite matrix. 31071408 8 45 theme materials 1215:1223 arg1 field 1181:1185 the field 1177:1185 the field of sustainable food packing materials 1177:1223 In conclusion, the XL/HEC antimicrobial film has great potential in the field of sustainable food packing materials. 31071408 1 46 theme polyethylene 274:285 arg1 glycol 287:292 polyethylene glycol 400 274:296 polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) 274:306 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 1 46 theme polyethylene 274:285 arg1 PEG-400 299:305 PEG-400 299:305 PEG-400 299:305 A facile and green route is introduced to fabricate antimicrobial composite films in this article from xylan (XL) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with citric acid (CA) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. 31071408 5 47 theme different 762:770 arg1 time 779:782 different curing time 762:782 different curing time 762:782 Morphology and crystallinity of composite films at different curing time were investigated by AFM and XRD, respectively. 31760000 0 0 theme nanorod 98:104 arg1 composites 106:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 4 1 theme nanorods 776:783 arg1 length 751:756 the length 747:756 the length of the iron oxide nanorods 747:783 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 4 1 theme nanorods 776:783 arg1 200 nm 796:801 200 nm 796:801 200 nm 796:801 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 0 2 theme oxide 92:96 arg1 composites 106:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 7 3 theme water 1326:1330 arg1 treatment 1313:1321 treatment 1313:1321 treatment of water containing harmful substances 1313:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 4 4 theme oxide 770:774 arg1 nanorods 776:783 the iron oxide nanorods 761:783 the iron oxide nanorods 761:783 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 2 5 attach remove 443:448 arg2 nanocrystals 407:418 cellulose nanocrystals 397:418 cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) 397:424 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 5 attach remove 443:448 arg2 template 431:438 a template 429:438 a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions 429:490 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 5 attach remove 443:448 arg1 solutions 482:490 aqueous solutions 474:490 aqueous solutions 474:490 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 6 theme arsenic-containing 331:348 arg1 media 350:354 arsenic-containing media 331:354 arsenic-containing media 331:354 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 4 7 theme microscopy 709:718 arg1 analysis 726:733 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis 687:733 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis 687:733 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 0 8 theme composites 106:115 arg1 morphology 24:33 morphology 24:33 morphology 24:33 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 0 8 theme composites 106:115 arg1 performance 50:60 adsorption performance 39:60 adsorption performance 39:60 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 6 9 theme isotherm 1126:1133 arg1 models 1135:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 7 10 theme harmful 1343:1349 arg1 substances 1351:1360 harmful substances 1343:1360 harmful substances 1343:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 1 11 theme world 257:261 arg1 parts 244:248 many parts 239:248 many parts of the world 239:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 6 12 theme adsorption 1115:1124 arg1 models 1135:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 4 13 theme electron 700:707 arg1 TEM 721:723 TEM 721:723 TEM 721:723 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 4 13 theme electron 700:707 arg1 microscopy 709:718 Transmission electron microscopy 687:718 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis 687:733 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 6 14 theme adsorption 1039:1048 arg1 process 1050:1056 The adsorption process 1035:1056 The adsorption process 1035:1056 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 5 15 theme 13.866 mg/g 958:968 arg1 levels 948:953 levels 948:953 levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g 948:984 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 6 16 theme Langmuir 1106:1113 arg1 adsorption 1115:1124 Langmuir adsorption 1106:1124 Langmuir adsorption 1106:1124 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 4 17 theme Transmission 687:698 arg1 TEM 721:723 TEM 721:723 TEM 721:723 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 4 17 theme Transmission 687:698 arg1 microscopy 709:718 Transmission electron microscopy 687:718 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis 687:733 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 6 18 theme chemical 1196:1203 arg1 adsorption 1205:1214 a chemical adsorption 1194:1214 a chemical adsorption of monolayers 1194:1228 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 1 19 theme arsenic 183:189 arg1 matter 212:217 a matter 210:217 a matter of great concern in many parts of the world 210:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 1 19 theme arsenic 183:189 arg1 removal 172:178 The removal 168:178 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs 168:205 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 2 20 theme harmful 455:461 arg1 metal 463:467 this harmful metal 450:467 this harmful metal 450:467 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 4 21 theme iron 765:768 arg1 nanorods 776:783 the iron oxide nanorods 761:783 the iron oxide nanorods 761:783 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the length of the iron oxide nanorods was nearly 200 nm, and the width was 10 nm. 31760000 2 22 theme aqueous 474:480 arg1 solutions 482:490 aqueous solutions 474:490 aqueous solutions 474:490 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 3 23 theme hydrothermal 654:665 arg1 reaction 667:674 the hydrothermal reaction 650:674 the hydrothermal reaction 650:674 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 6 24 theme kinetic 1094:1100 arg1 models 1135:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 2 25 theme oxide 362:366 arg1 nanorods 368:375 iron oxide nanorods 357:375 iron oxide nanorods 357:375 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 5 26 theme 3 1018:1018 arg1 levels 1002:1007 pH levels 999:1007 pH levels of 7 and 3 999:1018 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 0 27 theme arsenic 136:142 arg1 removal 125:131 the removal 121:131 the removal of arsenic during water treatment 121:165 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 5 28 theme adsorption 839:848 arg1 studies 859:865 adsorption property studies 839:865 adsorption property studies 839:865 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 5 29 theme property 850:857 arg1 studies 859:865 adsorption property studies 839:865 adsorption property studies 839:865 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 3 30 theme X-ray 493:497 arg1 XRD 512:514 XRD 512:514 XRD 512:514 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 3 30 theme X-ray 493:497 arg1 diffraction 499:509 X-ray diffraction 493:509 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 493:524 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 0 31 theme adsorption 39:48 arg1 performance 50:60 adsorption performance 39:60 adsorption performance 39:60 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 0 32 theme water 151:155 arg1 treatment 157:165 water treatment 151:165 water treatment 151:165 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 3 33 theme hydrothermal 585:596 arg1 reaction 598:605 the hydrothermal reaction 581:605 the hydrothermal reaction 581:605 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 6 34 theme quasi-second-order 1075:1092 arg1 models 1135:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models 1071:1140 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 2 35 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 CNs 421:423 CNs 421:423 CNs 421:423 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 35 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 nanocrystals 407:418 cellulose nanocrystals 397:418 cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) 397:424 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 35 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 template 431:438 a template 429:438 a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions 429:490 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 5 36 theme pH 999:1000 arg1 levels 1002:1007 pH levels 999:1007 pH levels of 7 and 3 999:1018 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 5 37 theme III 904:906 arg1 III 904:906 III 904:906 III 904:906 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 5 37 theme III 904:906 arg1 amount 891:896 the maximal amount 879:896 the maximal amount 879:896 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 1 38 from matter 212:217 arg1 parts 244:248 many parts 239:248 many parts of the world 239:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 7 39 contain containing 1332:1341 arg2 substances 1351:1360 harmful substances 1343:1360 harmful substances 1343:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 7 39 contain containing 1332:1341 arg1 water 1326:1330 water 1326:1330 water containing harmful substances 1326:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 7 40 theme adsorbent 1299:1307 arg1 composite 1262:1270 this composite 1257:1270 this composite 1257:1270 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 7 40 theme adsorbent 1299:1307 arg1 potential 1289:1297 a potential 1287:1297 a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances 1287:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 6 41 theme adsorption 1163:1172 arg1 process 1174:1180 the adsorption process 1159:1180 the adsorption process 1159:1180 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 5 42 theme 7 1012:1012 arg1 levels 1002:1007 pH levels 999:1007 pH levels of 7 and 3 999:1018 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 5 43 theme maximal 883:889 arg1 III 904:906 III 904:906 III 904:906 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 5 43 theme maximal 883:889 arg1 amount 891:896 the maximal amount 879:896 the maximal amount 879:896 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 0 44 dep morphology 24:33 arg1 the 20:22 the 20:22 the 20:22 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 2 45 theme methods 310:316 arg1 methods 310:316 the most effective methods 291:316 the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media 291:354 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 2 45 theme methods 310:316 arg1 one 284:286 one 284:286 one 284:286 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 1 46 theme great 222:226 arg1 concern 228:234 great concern 222:234 great concern 222:234 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 3 47 theme reaction 598:605 arg1 stage 572:576 the initial stage 560:576 the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction 560:605 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 3 48 theme initial 564:570 arg1 stage 572:576 the initial stage 560:576 the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction 560:605 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 2 49 theme effective 300:308 arg1 methods 310:316 the most effective methods 291:316 the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media 291:354 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 6 50 theme monolayers 1219:1228 arg1 adsorption 1205:1214 a chemical adsorption 1194:1214 a chemical adsorption of monolayers 1194:1228 The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetic and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption process consists of a chemical adsorption of monolayers. 31760000 1 51 theme concern 228:234 arg1 matter 212:217 a matter 210:217 a matter of great concern in many parts of the world 210:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 1 51 theme concern 228:234 arg1 removal 172:178 The removal 168:178 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs 168:205 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 0 52 theme nanocrystal/iron 75:90 arg1 composites 106:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 1 53 from reservoirs 196:205 arg1 matter 212:217 a matter 210:217 a matter of great concern in many parts of the world 210:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 1 53 from reservoirs 196:205 arg1 removal 172:178 The removal 168:178 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs 168:205 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31760000 2 54 theme iron 357:360 arg1 nanorods 368:375 iron oxide nanorods 357:375 iron oxide nanorods 357:375 Since adsorption is one of the most effective methods for treating arsenic-containing media, iron oxide nanorods were prepared using cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) as a template to remove this harmful metal from aqueous solutions. 31760000 7 55 used used 1279:1282 arg2 potential 1289:1297 a potential 1287:1297 a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances 1287:1360 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 7 55 used used 1279:1282 arg2 composite 1262:1270 this composite 1257:1270 this composite 1257:1270 The results indicate that this composite can be used as a potential adsorbent for treatment of water containing harmful substances. 31760000 5 56 dep adsorption 919:928 arg1 V 916:916 V 916:916 V 916:916 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 0 57 theme cellulose 65:73 arg1 composites 106:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites 65:115 Factors influencing the morphology and adsorption performance of cellulose nanocrystal/iron oxide nanorod composites for the removal of arsenic during water treatment. 31760000 5 58 theme 15.712 mg/g 974:984 arg1 levels 948:953 levels 948:953 levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g 948:984 Moreover, adsorption property studies showed that the maximal amount of As(III) and As(V) adsorption, corresponding to levels of 13.866 mg/g and 15.712 mg/g, occurred at pH levels of 7 and 3, respectively. 31760000 3 59 theme diffraction 499:509 arg1 analysis 517:524 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 493:524 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 493:524 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Fe(OH)3 was formed in the initial stage of the hydrothermal reaction, and Fe(OH)3 was transformed into Fe2O3 as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. 31760000 1 60 theme many 239:242 arg1 parts 244:248 many parts 239:248 many parts of the world 239:261 The removal of arsenic from reservoirs is a matter of great concern in many parts of the world. 31923967 7 0 theme polymer 1515:1521 arg1 segments 1523:1530 amphiphilic polymer segments 1503:1530 amphiphilic polymer segments 1503:1530 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 5 1 dep forces 871:876 arg1 electrospraying 910:924 electrospraying 910:924 controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - 846:926 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 5 2 theme solvent 881:887 arg1 evaporation 889:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 1 3 theme biomedical 165:174 arg1 applications 176:187 biomedical applications 165:187 biomedical applications 165:187 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 7 4 theme peculiar 1470:1477 arg1 interactions 1484:1495 the peculiar weak interactions 1466:1495 the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1466:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 6 5 theme particle 1119:1126 arg1 formation 1128:1136 particle formation 1119:1136 particle formation 1119:1136 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 2 6 theme suitable 385:392 arg1 materials 375:383 amphiphilic materials 363:383 amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications 363:456 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 7 7 theme electrosprayed 1589:1602 arg1 nanoparticles 1615:1627 electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles 1589:1627 electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles 1589:1627 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 6 8 theme encapsulation 1242:1254 arg1 efficiency 1256:1265 the encapsulation efficiency 1238:1265 the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%) 1238:1289 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 6 9 theme nanoparticles 1270:1282 arg1 efficiency 1256:1265 the encapsulation efficiency 1238:1265 the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%) 1238:1289 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 7 10 dep delivery 1326:1333 arg1 % 1351:1351 about 60% 1343:1351 a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1319:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 7 10 dep delivery 1326:1333 arg1 % 1419:1419 about 20% 1411:1419 a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1319:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 1 11 theme specific 279:286 arg1 functionalities 288:302 the specific functionalities 275:302 the specific functionalities 275:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 5 12 from forces 871:876 arg1 evaporation 889:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 7 13 theme related 1455:1461 arg1 delivery 1326:1333 a fast delivery 1319:1333 a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1319:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 4 14 theme TEM 803:805 arg1 analysis 807:814 TEM analysis 803:814 TEM analysis 803:814 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 7 15 theme DS 1338:1339 arg1 delivery 1326:1333 a fast delivery 1319:1333 a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1319:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 4 16 theme hydrodynamic 743:754 arg1 radius 756:761 hydrodynamic radius 743:761 hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm 743:785 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 6 17 with deposition 1152:1161 arg1 surfaces 1213:1220 highly concave surfaces 1198:1220 highly concave surfaces 1198:1220 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 4 18 theme evaporation 650:660 arg1 processes 662:670 fast evaporation processes 645:670 fast evaporation processes 645:670 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 7 19 theme first 1364:1368 arg1 24 h 1370:1373 the first 24 h 1360:1373 the first 24 h 1360:1373 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 2 20 theme delivery 436:443 arg1 applications 445:456 drug delivery applications 431:456 drug delivery applications 431:456 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 5 21 theme electrostatic 857:869 arg1 forces 871:876 controlled electrostatic forces 846:876 controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - 846:926 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 2 22 theme drug 431:434 arg1 applications 445:456 drug delivery applications 431:456 drug delivery applications 431:456 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 5 23 theme controlled 846:855 arg1 forces 871:876 controlled electrostatic forces 846:876 controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - 846:926 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 7 24 theme release 1296:1302 arg1 profile 1304:1310 The release profile 1292:1310 The release profile 1292:1310 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 7 25 theme next 1432:1435 arg1 days 1439:1442 the next 6 days 1428:1442 the next 6 days 1428:1442 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 7 26 theme weak 1479:1482 arg1 interactions 1484:1495 the peculiar weak interactions 1466:1495 the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1466:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 4 27 theme nanomicellar 714:725 arg1 structures 727:736 nanomicellar structures 714:736 nanomicellar structures 714:736 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 0 28 theme Self-associating 0:15 arg1 ε-caprolactone 38:51 ε-caprolactone 38:51 ε-caprolactone 38:51 Self-associating cellulose-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) to design nanoparticles for drug release. 31923967 0 28 theme Self-associating 0:15 arg1 cellulose-graft-poly 17:36 Self-associating cellulose-graft-poly 0:36 Self-associating cellulose-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) to design 0:62 Self-associating cellulose-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) to design nanoparticles for drug release. 31923967 1 29 theme growing 100:106 arg1 interest 108:115 The growing interest 96:115 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications 96:187 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 1 29 theme growing 100:106 arg1 related 192:198 related 192:198 related 192:198 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 6 30 theme formation 1128:1136 arg1 mechanism 1106:1114 the mechanism 1102:1114 the mechanism of particle formation 1102:1136 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 5 31 theme forces 871:876 arg1 application 831:841 the application 827:841 the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - 827:926 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 2 32 theme graft 330:334 arg1 copolymers 336:345 cellulose graft copolymers 320:345 cellulose graft copolymers 320:345 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 1 33 theme recent 207:212 arg1 progresses 214:223 the recent progresses 203:223 the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities 203:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 2 34 theme cellulose 320:328 arg1 copolymers 336:345 cellulose graft copolymers 320:345 cellulose graft copolymers 320:345 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 1 35 theme nanoparticles 147:159 arg1 use 124:126 the use 120:126 the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications 120:187 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 6 36 theme concave 1205:1211 arg1 surfaces 1213:1220 highly concave surfaces 1198:1220 highly concave surfaces 1198:1220 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 7 37 theme fast 1321:1324 arg1 delivery 1326:1333 a fast delivery 1319:1333 a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules 1319:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 4 38 theme cell-g-PCL 681:690 arg1 self-assembly 692:704 cell-g-PCL self-assembly 681:704 cell-g-PCL self-assembly 681:704 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 4 39 theme fast 645:648 arg1 processes 662:670 fast evaporation processes 645:670 fast evaporation processes 645:670 We demonstrated that fast evaporation processes promoted cell-g-PCL self-assembly to form nanomicellar structures with hydrodynamic radius ranged from 30 to 60 nm as confirmed by TEM analysis. 31923967 5 40 theme round-like 947:956 arg1 particles 969:977 round-like nanoscaled particles 947:977 round-like nanoscaled particles 947:977 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 7 41 theme therapeutic 1633:1643 arg1 treatments 1645:1654 therapeutic treatments 1633:1654 therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine 1633:1670 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 6 42 theme particles 1183:1191 arg1 deposition 1152:1161 the deposition 1148:1161 the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces 1148:1220 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 7 43 theme successful 1571:1580 arg1 use 1582:1584 a successful use 1569:1584 a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine 1569:1670 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 7 44 theme amphiphilic 1503:1513 arg1 segments 1523:1530 amphiphilic polymer segments 1503:1530 amphiphilic polymer segments 1503:1530 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 7 45 theme water 1536:1540 arg1 molecules 1542:1550 water molecules 1536:1550 water molecules 1536:1550 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 3 46 theme synthesis 605:613 arg1 process 615:621 the synthesis process 601:621 the synthesis process 601:621 In this work, a cellulose-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) (cell-g-PCL) was synthetized and characterized by FTIR, TGA and DSC in order to validate the synthesis process. 31923967 2 47 theme amphiphilic 363:373 arg1 materials 375:383 amphiphilic materials 363:383 amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications 363:456 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 1 48 from interest 108:115 arg1 use 124:126 the use 120:126 the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications 120:187 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 7 49 theme sustained 1391:1399 arg1 release 1401:1407 a sustained release 1389:1407 a sustained release 1389:1407 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 1 50 from progresses 214:223 arg1 synthesis 232:240 the synthesis 228:240 the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities 228:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 5 51 theme image 1014:1018 arg1 analysis 1020:1027 image analysis 1014:1027 image analysis 1014:1027 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 5 52 from evaporation 889:899 arg1 application 831:841 the application 827:841 the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - 827:926 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 7 53 from treatments 1645:1654 arg1 nanomedicine 1659:1670 nanomedicine 1659:1670 nanomedicine 1659:1670 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 1 54 theme polysaccharides 131:145 arg1 nanoparticles 147:159 polysaccharides nanoparticles 131:159 polysaccharides nanoparticles 131:159 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 7 55 theme cell-g-PCL 1604:1613 arg1 nanoparticles 1615:1627 electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles 1589:1627 electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles 1589:1627 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 0 56 theme drug 82:85 arg1 release 87:93 drug release 82:93 drug release 82:93 Self-associating cellulose-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) to design nanoparticles for drug release. 31923967 6 57 theme erythrocyte-like 1166:1181 arg1 particles 1183:1191 erythrocyte-like particles 1166:1191 erythrocyte-like particles 1166:1191 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 1 58 with polymers 261:268 arg1 functionalities 288:302 the specific functionalities 275:302 the specific functionalities 275:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 2 59 theme smart 407:411 arg1 nanoparticles 413:425 smart nanoparticles 407:425 smart nanoparticles 407:425 In particular, cellulose graft copolymers are emerging as amphiphilic materials suitable to fabricate smart nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. 31923967 1 60 theme cellulose-based 245:259 arg1 polymers 261:268 cellulose-based polymers 245:268 cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities 245:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31923967 6 61 theme sodium 1056:1061 arg1 diclofenac 1063:1072 sodium diclofenac 1056:1072 sodium diclofenac (DS) 1056:1077 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 6 61 theme sodium 1056:1061 arg1 DS 1075:1076 DS 1075:1076 DS 1075:1076 We demonstrated also that sodium diclofenac (DS) drastically influenced the mechanism of particle formation, favoring the deposition of erythrocyte-like particles with highly concave surfaces, not penalizing the encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles (>80%). 31923967 5 62 from application 831:841 arg1 evaporation 889:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 solvent evaporation 881:899 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 7 63 theme nanoparticles 1615:1627 arg1 use 1582:1584 a successful use 1569:1584 a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine 1569:1670 The release profile showed a fast delivery of DS - about 60% during the first 24 h - followed by a sustained release - about 20% during the next 6 days - strictly related to the peculiar weak interactions among amphiphilic polymer segments and water molecules, thus suggesting a successful use of electrosprayed cell-g-PCL nanoparticles for therapeutic treatments in nanomedicine. 31923967 5 64 theme nanoscaled 958:967 arg1 particles 969:977 round-like nanoscaled particles 947:977 round-like nanoscaled particles 947:977 Moreover, the application of controlled electrostatic forces on solvent evaporation - namely electrospraying - allowed generating round-like nanoscaled particles, as confirmed by SEM supported via image analysis. 31923967 1 65 theme polymers 261:268 arg1 synthesis 232:240 the synthesis 228:240 the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities 228:302 The growing interest in the use of polysaccharides nanoparticles for biomedical applications is related to the recent progresses on the synthesis of cellulose-based polymers with the specific functionalities. 31421171 0 0 theme controlled 87:96 arg1 release 109:115 controlled phosphorus release 87:115 controlled phosphorus release 87:115 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 2 1 theme differential 489:500 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 1 theme differential 489:500 arg1 DSC 524:526 DSC 524:526 DSC 524:526 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 1 theme differential 489:500 arg1 calorimetry 511:521 differential scanning calorimetry 489:521 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 489:527 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 5 2 theme composite 1073:1081 arg1 hydrogels 1083:1091 the composite hydrogels 1069:1091 the composite hydrogels 1069:1091 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 4 3 from reduction 907:915 arg1 networks 967:974 the hydrogel networks 954:974 the hydrogel networks 954:974 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 4 4 theme due 900:902 arg1 density 841:847 crosslinking density 828:847 crosslinking density 828:847 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 6 5 theme gum-based 1114:1122 arg1 hydrogel 1124:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 5 theme gum-based 1114:1122 arg1 alternatives 1249:1260 excellent alternatives 1239:1260 excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1239:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 5 6 theme pinus 1003:1007 arg1 residues 1009:1016 the eucalyptus and pinus residues 984:1016 the eucalyptus and pinus residues 984:1016 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 6 7 theme phosphorus 1281:1290 arg1 release 1292:1298 the controlled phosphorus release 1266:1298 the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1266:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 1 8 dep eucalyptus 171:180 arg1 residues 192:199 residues 192:199 residues 192:199 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 0 9 theme phosphorus 98:107 arg1 release 109:115 controlled phosphorus release 87:115 controlled phosphorus release 87:115 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 5 10 theme eucalyptus 988:997 arg1 residues 1009:1016 the eucalyptus and pinus residues 984:1016 the eucalyptus and pinus residues 984:1016 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 6 11 theme gum-based 1144:1152 arg1 hydrogels 1164:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 4 12 theme Hemicellulose 729:741 arg1 fibers 765:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers 729:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues 729:813 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 4 13 theme cellulose 755:763 arg1 fibers 765:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers 729:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues 729:813 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 calorimetry 511:521 differential scanning calorimetry 489:521 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 489:527 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 diffraction 436:446 X-Ray diffraction 430:446 X-Ray diffraction (XRD) 430:452 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 spectroscopy 372:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 345:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 345:391 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 analysis 473:480 thermogravimetric analysis 455:480 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 455:486 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 assays 545:550 mechanical assays 534:550 mechanical assays (MA) 534:555 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 microscopy 412:421 scanning electron microscopy 394:421 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 394:427 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 14 theme swelling 321:328 arg1 SK 340:341 SK 340:341 SK 340:341 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 6 15 theme agricultural 1303:1314 arg1 soils 1330:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 16 theme composite 1154:1162 arg1 hydrogels 1164:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 455:471 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 455:471 arg1 TGA 483:485 TGA 483:485 TGA 483:485 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 455:471 arg1 analysis 473:480 thermogravimetric analysis 455:480 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 455:486 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 4 18 theme hydrogel 958:965 arg1 networks 967:974 the hydrogel networks 954:974 the hydrogel networks 954:974 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 0 19 theme gum-based 7:15 arg1 hydrogels 27:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 6 20 theme pinus 1205:1209 arg1 residues 1211:1218 eucalyptus and pinus residues 1190:1218 eucalyptus and pinus residues 1190:1218 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 21 theme nutrient-poor 1316:1328 arg1 soils 1330:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 2 22 theme Fourier-transform 345:361 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 22 theme Fourier-transform 345:361 arg1 FT-IR 386:390 FT-IR 386:390 FT-IR 386:390 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 22 theme Fourier-transform 345:361 arg1 spectroscopy 372:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 345:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 345:391 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 0 23 theme Arabic 0:5 arg1 hydrogels 27:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 4 24 theme water/solute 877:888 arg1 diffusion 890:898 water/solute diffusion 877:898 water/solute diffusion 877:898 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 6 25 theme controlled 1270:1279 arg1 release 1292:1298 the controlled phosphorus release 1266:1298 the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1266:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 26 theme eucalyptus 1190:1199 arg1 residues 1211:1218 eucalyptus and pinus residues 1190:1218 eucalyptus and pinus residues 1190:1218 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 1 27 theme free-radical 222:233 arg1 reaction 235:242 free-radical reaction 222:242 free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release 222:282 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 0 28 theme composite 17:25 arg1 hydrogels 27:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 0:35 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 4 29 theme groups 944:949 arg1 reduction 907:915 reduction 907:915 reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks 907:974 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 1 30 theme Arabic 118:123 arg1 hydrogels 145:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 118:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues 118:199 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 6 31 theme Arabic 1137:1142 arg1 hydrogels 1164:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 1137:1172 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 2 32 theme mechanical 534:543 arg1 assays 545:550 mechanical assays 534:550 mechanical assays (MA) 534:555 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 32 theme mechanical 534:543 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 32 theme mechanical 534:543 arg1 MA 553:554 MA 553:554 MA 553:554 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 3 33 theme hydrogels 648:656 arg1 networks 632:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks 598:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels 598:656 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 3 34 theme solute 572:577 arg1 transports 579:588 The water and solute transports 558:588 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels 558:656 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 2 35 theme X-Ray 430:434 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 35 theme X-Ray 430:434 arg1 XRD 449:451 XRD 449:451 XRD 449:451 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 35 theme X-Ray 430:434 arg1 diffraction 436:446 X-Ray diffraction 430:446 X-Ray diffraction (XRD) 430:452 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 6 36 theme Arabic 1107:1112 arg1 hydrogel 1124:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 36 theme Arabic 1107:1112 arg1 alternatives 1249:1260 excellent alternatives 1239:1260 excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1239:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 5 37 theme thermal 1046:1052 arg1 resistances 1054:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances 1027:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels 1027:1091 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 4 38 dep density 841:847 arg1 the 824:826 the 824:826 the 824:826 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 4 39 theme hydroxyl 925:932 arg1 reduction 907:915 reduction 907:915 reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks 907:974 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 0 40 theme pinus 68:72 arg1 residues 74:81 eucalyptus and pinus residues 53:81 eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release 53:115 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 3 41 theme water 562:566 arg1 transports 579:588 The water and solute transports 558:588 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels 558:656 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 1 42 theme gum-based 125:133 arg1 hydrogels 145:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 118:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues 118:199 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 0 43 theme eucalyptus 53:62 arg1 residues 74:81 eucalyptus and pinus residues 53:81 eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release 53:115 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues for controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 4 44 theme free 920:923 arg1 hydroxyl 925:932 free hydroxyl and amine groups 920:949 hydroxyl 925:932 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 4 45 theme crystalline 850:860 arg1 structure 862:870 crystalline structure 850:870 crystalline structure 850:870 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 1 46 theme composite 135:143 arg1 hydrogels 145:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels 118:153 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues 118:199 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 6 47 theme excellent 1239:1247 arg1 alternatives 1249:1260 excellent alternatives 1239:1260 excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1239:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 6 47 theme excellent 1239:1247 arg1 hydrogel 1124:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 the Arabic gum-based hydrogel 1103:1131 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 4 48 theme amine 938:942 arg1 groups 944:949 free hydroxyl and amine groups 920:949 groups 944:949 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 3 49 theme diffusion 678:686 arg1 processes 688:696 diffusion processes 678:696 diffusion processes 678:696 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 3 50 theme hydrophilic 602:612 arg1 networks 632:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks 598:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels 598:656 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 4 51 theme lignin 744:749 arg1 fibers 765:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers 729:770 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues 729:813 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 1 52 theme controlled 254:263 arg1 release 276:282 controlled phosphorus release 254:282 controlled phosphorus release 254:282 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 4 53 theme pinus 800:804 arg1 residues 806:813 pinus residues 800:813 pinus residues 800:813 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 5 54 theme hydrogels 1083:1091 arg1 resistances 1054:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances 1027:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels 1027:1091 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 3 55 theme three-dimensional 614:630 arg1 networks 632:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks 598:639 the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels 598:656 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 2 56 theme infrared 363:370 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 56 theme infrared 363:370 arg1 FT-IR 386:390 FT-IR 386:390 FT-IR 386:390 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 56 theme infrared 363:370 arg1 spectroscopy 372:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 345:383 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 345:391 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 1 57 theme phosphorus 265:274 arg1 release 276:282 controlled phosphorus release 254:282 controlled phosphorus release 254:282 Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues were synthesized via free-radical reaction aiming to controlled phosphorus release. 31421171 4 58 theme crosslinking 828:839 arg1 density 841:847 crosslinking density 828:847 crosslinking density 828:847 Hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose fibers contained in eucalyptus and pinus residues affected the crosslinking density, crystalline structure, and water/solute diffusion due to reduction of free hydroxyl and amine groups in the hydrogel networks. 31421171 2 59 theme electron 403:410 arg1 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 59 theme electron 403:410 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 59 theme electron 403:410 arg1 microscopy 412:421 scanning electron microscopy 394:421 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 394:427 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 6 60 from release 1292:1298 arg1 soils 1330:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 agricultural nutrient-poor soils 1303:1334 Finally, the Arabic gum-based hydrogel and Arabic gum-based composite hydrogels reinforced with eucalyptus and pinus residues demonstrated to be excellent alternatives for the controlled phosphorus release in agricultural nutrient-poor soils. 31421171 2 61 theme scanning 502:509 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 61 theme scanning 502:509 arg1 DSC 524:526 DSC 524:526 DSC 524:526 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 61 theme scanning 502:509 arg1 calorimetry 511:521 differential scanning calorimetry 489:521 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 489:527 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 3 62 theme macromolecular 702:715 arg1 relaxation 717:726 macromolecular relaxation 702:726 macromolecular relaxation 702:726 The water and solute transports through the hydrophilic three-dimensional networks of the hydrogels occur preferably by diffusion processes and macromolecular relaxation. 31421171 5 63 theme mechanical 1031:1040 arg1 resistances 1054:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances 1027:1064 the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels 1027:1091 Hence, the eucalyptus and pinus residues improved the mechanical and thermal resistances of the composite hydrogels. 31421171 2 64 theme scanning 394:401 arg1 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 64 theme scanning 394:401 arg1 kinetics 330:337 swelling kinetics 321:337 swelling kinetics (SK) 321:342 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 31421171 2 64 theme scanning 394:401 arg1 microscopy 412:421 scanning electron microscopy 394:421 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 394:427 All hydrogels were characterized by swelling kinetics (SK), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical assays (MA). 29806201 5 0 theme hydrophilic 772:782 arg1 biopolymer 784:793 a natural hydrophilic biopolymer 762:793 a natural hydrophilic biopolymer 762:793 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 2 1 theme product 388:394 arg1 integrity 396:404 the delicate product integrity 375:404 the delicate product integrity 375:404 The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. 29806201 6 2 theme cellulose 1030:1038 arg1 ratios 1010:1015 8 different ratios 998:1015 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone 998:1059 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. 29806201 10 3 theme portable 1492:1499 arg1 technique 1501:1509 the portable technique 1488:1509 the portable technique 1488:1509 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 2 4 theme delicate 379:386 arg1 integrity 396:404 the delicate product integrity 375:404 the delicate product integrity 375:404 The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. 29806201 6 5 theme bacterial 1020:1028 arg1 cellulose 1030:1038 bacterial cellulose 1020:1038 bacterial cellulose 1020:1038 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. 29806201 0 6 theme electrohydrodynamic 110:128 arg1 gun 130:132 a portable electrohydrodynamic gun 99:132 a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing 99:165 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 4 7 theme investigation 530:542 arg1 purpose 514:520 The purpose 510:520 The purpose of this investigation 510:542 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 7 8 theme electron 1179:1186 arg1 microscopy 1188:1197 scanning electron microscopy 1170:1197 scanning electron microscopy 1170:1197 The morphological features and cell-scaffold interactions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. 29806201 2 9 theme nanofibre 318:326 arg1 productions 328:338 nanofibre productions 318:338 nanofibre productions 318:338 The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. 29806201 4 10 theme gun 615:617 arg1 " 618:618 a portable, hand-held "gun" 592:618 a portable, hand-held "gun" 592:618 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 0 11 theme portable 101:108 arg1 gun 130:132 a portable electrohydrodynamic gun 99:132 a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing 99:165 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 4 12 dep portable 594:601 arg1 hand-held 604:612 hand-held 604:612 hand-held 604:612 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 10 13 theme wound 1531:1535 arg1 healing 1537:1543 wound healing 1531:1543 wound healing in practicality 1531:1559 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 5 14 theme cell 950:953 arg1 proliferation 955:967 cell proliferation 950:967 cell proliferation 950:967 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 9 15 theme scaffolds 1402:1410 arg1 composition 1383:1393 the composition 1379:1393 the composition of the scaffolds 1379:1410 The scaffolds were found to show good biocompatibility and allow different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds. 29806201 4 16 theme time-dependent 669:682 arg1 fashion 684:690 a time-dependent fashion 667:690 a time-dependent fashion 667:690 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 1 17 theme promising 206:214 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 17 theme promising 206:214 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 8 18 theme viability 1251:1259 arg1 test 1261:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 The biocompatibility was studied using Saos-2 cell viability test. 29806201 7 19 theme scanning 1170:1177 arg1 microscopy 1188:1197 scanning electron microscopy 1170:1197 scanning electron microscopy 1170:1197 The morphological features and cell-scaffold interactions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. 29806201 5 20 theme synthetic 820:828 arg1 polycaprolactone 800:815 polycaprolactone 800:815 polycaprolactone 800:815 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 5 20 theme synthetic 820:828 arg1 polymer 842:848 a synthetic hydrophobic polymer 818:848 a synthetic hydrophobic polymer 818:848 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 10 21 from consistency 1572:1582 arg1 advantageous 1514:1525 advantageous 1514:1525 advantageous 1514:1525 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 1 22 theme regenerative 216:227 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 22 theme regenerative 216:227 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 10 23 from healing 1537:1543 arg1 practicality 1548:1559 practicality 1548:1559 practicality 1548:1559 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 2 24 theme bench-top 348:356 arg1 apparatuses 358:368 bench-top apparatuses 348:368 bench-top apparatuses 348:368 The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. 29806201 4 25 from site 659:662 arg1 production 635:644 production 635:644 production at the wound site 635:662 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 1 26 theme wound 229:233 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 26 theme wound 229:233 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 0 27 theme Cellular 0:7 arg1 interactions 9:20 Cellular interactions 0:20 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 0:166 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 6 28 theme different 1000:1008 arg1 ratios 1010:1015 8 different ratios 998:1015 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone 998:1059 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. 29806201 9 29 theme proliferation 1342:1354 arg1 rates 1356:1360 different proliferation rates 1332:1360 different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds 1332:1410 The scaffolds were found to show good biocompatibility and allow different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds. 29806201 7 30 theme cell-scaffold 1123:1135 arg1 interactions 1137:1148 cell-scaffold interactions 1123:1148 cell-scaffold interactions 1123:1148 The morphological features and cell-scaffold interactions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. 29806201 1 31 theme dressing 235:242 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 31 theme dressing 235:242 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 0 32 theme bacterial 27:35 arg1 cellulose 37:45 bacterial cellulose 27:45 bacterial cellulose 27:45 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 0 33 theme wound 152:156 arg1 dressing 158:165 point-of-need wound dressing 138:165 point-of-need wound dressing 138:165 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 9 34 theme good 1300:1303 arg1 biocompatibility 1305:1320 good biocompatibility 1300:1320 good biocompatibility 1300:1320 The scaffolds were found to show good biocompatibility and allow different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds. 29806201 2 35 theme need 455:458 arg1 point 446:450 the point 442:450 the point of need 442:458 The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. 29806201 4 36 theme portable 594:601 arg1 " 618:618 a portable, hand-held "gun" 592:618 a portable, hand-held "gun" 592:618 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 0 37 theme point-of-need 138:150 arg1 dressing 158:165 point-of-need wound dressing 138:165 point-of-need wound dressing 138:165 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 10 38 from advantageous 1514:1525 arg1 consistency 1572:1582 its consistency 1568:1582 its consistency through mass production 1568:1606 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 3 39 theme wound 495:499 arg1 healing 501:507 wound healing 495:507 wound healing 495:507 Timing is critically important to wound healing. 29806201 10 40 theme mass 1592:1595 arg1 production 1597:1606 mass production 1592:1606 mass production 1592:1606 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 4 41 theme wound 653:657 arg1 site 659:662 the wound site 649:662 the wound site 649:662 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 5 42 theme hydrophobic 830:840 arg1 polycaprolactone 800:815 polycaprolactone 800:815 polycaprolactone 800:815 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 5 42 theme hydrophobic 830:840 arg1 polymer 842:848 a synthetic hydrophobic polymer 818:848 a synthetic hydrophobic polymer 818:848 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 5 43 theme composite 863:871 arg1 nanofibres 873:882 composite nanofibres 863:882 composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation 863:967 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 0 44 theme nanofibrous 65:75 arg1 scaffolds 77:85 Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds 48:85 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 0:166 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 6 45 theme Composite 970:978 arg1 scaffolds 980:988 Composite scaffolds 970:988 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone 970:1059 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. 29806201 9 46 theme different 1332:1340 arg1 rates 1356:1360 different proliferation rates 1332:1360 different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds 1332:1410 The scaffolds were found to show good biocompatibility and allow different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds. 29806201 0 47 theme Polycaprolactone 48:63 arg1 scaffolds 77:85 Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds 48:85 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 0:166 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 4 48 theme nanofibrous 564:574 arg1 scaffolds 576:584 novel nanofibrous scaffolds 558:584 novel nanofibrous scaffolds 558:584 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 7 49 theme morphological 1096:1108 arg1 features 1110:1117 The morphological features 1092:1117 The morphological features 1092:1117 The morphological features and cell-scaffold interactions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. 29806201 1 50 used used 278:281 arg2 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 50 used used 278:281 arg2 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 0 51 with interactions 9:20 arg1 cellulose 37:45 bacterial cellulose 27:45 bacterial cellulose 27:45 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 4 52 theme product 712:718 arg1 integrity 720:728 product integrity 712:728 product integrity 712:728 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 4 53 theme novel 558:562 arg1 scaffolds 576:584 novel nanofibrous scaffolds 558:584 novel nanofibrous scaffolds 558:584 The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held "gun", which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. 29806201 8 54 theme Saos-2 1239:1244 arg1 test 1261:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 The biocompatibility was studied using Saos-2 cell viability test. 29806201 10 55 theme nanofibrous 1415:1425 arg1 advantageous 1514:1525 advantageous 1514:1525 advantageous 1514:1525 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 10 55 theme nanofibrous 1415:1425 arg1 dressing 1427:1434 A nanofibrous dressing 1413:1434 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique 1413:1509 A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. 29806201 8 56 theme cell 1246:1249 arg1 test 1261:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 Saos-2 cell viability test 1239:1264 The biocompatibility was studied using Saos-2 cell viability test. 29806201 5 57 theme scaffold 902:909 arg1 hydrophilicity 911:924 the scaffold hydrophilicity 898:924 the scaffold hydrophilicity 898:924 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 0 58 dep interactions 9:20 arg1 scaffolds 77:85 Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds 48:85 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 0:166 Cellular interactions with bacterial cellulose: Polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffolds produced by a portable electrohydrodynamic gun for point-of-need wound dressing. 29806201 1 59 theme Electrospun 168:178 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 59 theme Electrospun 168:178 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 6 60 theme polycaprolactone 1044:1059 arg1 ratios 1010:1015 8 different ratios 998:1015 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone 998:1059 Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. 29806201 5 61 theme natural 764:770 arg1 biopolymer 784:793 a natural hydrophilic biopolymer 762:793 a natural hydrophilic biopolymer 762:793 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29806201 1 62 theme nanofibrous 180:190 arg1 scaffolds 192:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds 168:200 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 1 62 theme nanofibrous 180:190 arg1 options 244:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 promising regenerative wound dressing options 206:250 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. 29806201 5 63 theme bacterial 741:749 arg1 cellulose 751:759 bacterial cellulose 741:759 bacterial cellulose 741:759 We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. 29287175 0 0 theme retention 90:98 arg1 properties 100:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 0 1 with beads 43:47 arg1 holding 69:75 improved water holding 54:75 improved water holding 54:75 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 0 1 with beads 43:47 arg1 properties 100:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 6 2 theme water 982:986 arg1 capacity 996:1003 the water holding capacity 978:1003 the water holding capacity 978:1003 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 4 3 theme high 570:573 arg1 ratios 592:597 high kinetic swelling ratios 570:597 high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution 570:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 0 4 theme nutrient 81:88 arg1 properties 100:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 nutrient retention properties 81:109 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 7 5 theme NO3- 1126:1129 arg1 characteristics 1092:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics 1056:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- 1056:1129 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 1 6 theme soil 174:177 arg1 quality 179:185 soil quality 174:185 soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems 174:226 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 3 7 theme alginate 363:370 arg1 beads 377:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads 355:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) 355:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 7 theme alginate 363:370 arg1 type 453:456 a new type 447:456 a new type of water/nutrients retention agent 447:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 7 8 theme K+ 1118:1119 arg1 characteristics 1092:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics 1056:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- 1056:1129 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 5 9 theme kinetic 784:790 arg1 model 792:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 764:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 764:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 6 10 theme Ca-alginate 1043:1053 arg1 time 1035:1038 the dehydration time 1019:1038 the dehydration time of Ca-alginate 1019:1053 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 2 11 contain carry 258:262 arg1 techniques 233:242 New techniques 229:242 New techniques 229:242 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 2 11 contain carry 258:262 arg2 nutrient 293:300 nutrient 293:300 nutrient 293:300 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 2 11 contain carry 258:262 arg2 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 4 12 theme mineral 716:722 arg1 nitrogen 724:731 mineral nitrogen 716:731 mineral nitrogen 716:731 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 6 13 theme temperatures 883:894 arg1 range 874:878 a range 872:878 a range of temperatures 872:894 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 7 14 theme water 1238:1242 arg1 capacity 1252:1259 water holding capacity 1238:1259 water holding capacity 1238:1259 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 2 15 theme water 283:287 arg1 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 3 16 theme water/nutrients 461:475 arg1 agent 487:491 water/nutrients retention agent 461:491 water/nutrients retention agent 461:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 5 17 from kinetics 826:833 arg1 solution 857:864 KNO3 solution 852:864 KNO3 solution 852:864 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 7 18 theme water 1111:1115 arg1 characteristics 1092:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics 1056:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- 1056:1129 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 2 19 theme soil 278:281 arg1 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 5 20 theme KNO3 852:855 arg1 solution 857:864 KNO3 solution 852:864 KNO3 solution 852:864 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 3 21 theme calcium 355:361 arg1 beads 377:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads 355:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) 355:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 21 theme calcium 355:361 arg1 type 453:456 a new type 447:456 a new type of water/nutrients retention agent 447:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 4 22 contain have 687:690 arg2 potential 696:704 the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange 692:761 the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange 692:761 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 4 22 contain have 687:690 arg1 beads 681:685 CA-BMB beads 674:685 CA-BMB beads 674:685 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 7 23 theme release 1084:1090 arg1 characteristics 1092:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics 1056:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- 1056:1129 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 2 24 theme effective 268:276 arg1 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 0 25 theme biochar-impregnated 6:24 arg1 beads 43:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads 0:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 0:110 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 4 26 from ratios 592:597 arg1 water 651:655 water 651:655 water 651:655 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 4 26 from ratios 592:597 arg1 solution 607:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 7 27 contain have 1159:1162 arg2 potential 1170:1178 great potential 1164:1178 great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity 1164:1259 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 7 27 contain have 1159:1162 arg1 beads 1153:1157 CA-BMB beads 1146:1157 CA-BMB beads 1146:1157 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 2 28 theme fertilizer 319:328 arg1 application 330:340 fertilizer application 319:340 fertilizer application 319:340 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 4 29 from ratios 641:646 arg1 water 651:655 water 651:655 water 651:655 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 4 29 from ratios 641:646 arg1 solution 607:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 0 30 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 beads 43:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads 0:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 0:110 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 4 31 theme CA-BMB 549:554 arg1 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads 494:561 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 6 32 theme dehydration 920:930 arg1 characteristics 901:915 the characteristics 897:915 the characteristics of dehydration 897:930 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 0 33 theme alginate 34:41 arg1 beads 43:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads 0:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 0:110 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 7 34 theme holding 1244:1250 arg1 capacity 1252:1259 water holding capacity 1238:1259 water holding capacity 1238:1259 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 2 35 theme conservation 302:313 arg1 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 1 36 theme crop 198:201 arg1 yields 203:208 crop yields 198:208 soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems 174:226 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 0 37 theme calcium 26:32 arg1 beads 43:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads 0:47 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 0:110 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 6 38 with impregnation 947:958 arg1 BMB 965:967 BMB 965:967 BMB 965:967 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 4 39 theme CA-BMB 674:679 arg1 beads 681:685 CA-BMB beads 674:685 CA-BMB beads 674:685 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 5 40 theme swelling 817:824 arg1 kinetics 826:833 the swelling kinetics 813:833 the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution 813:864 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 7 41 theme CA-BMB 1146:1151 arg1 beads 1153:1157 CA-BMB beads 1146:1157 CA-BMB beads 1146:1157 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 3 42 theme agent 487:491 arg1 beads 377:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads 355:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) 355:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 42 theme agent 487:491 arg1 type 453:456 a new type 447:456 a new type of water/nutrients retention agent 447:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 7 43 theme cumulative 1060:1069 arg1 swelling 1071:1078 cumulative swelling 1060:1078 cumulative swelling 1060:1078 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 5 44 theme beads 843:847 arg1 kinetics 826:833 the swelling kinetics 813:833 the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution 813:864 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 4 45 theme swelling 632:639 arg1 ratios 641:646 low kinetic swelling ratios 620:646 low kinetic swelling ratios in water 620:655 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 5 46 theme Pseudo-second-order 764:782 arg1 model 792:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 764:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model 764:796 Pseudo-second-order kinetic model well-described the swelling kinetics of both beads in KNO3 solution. 29287175 4 47 theme milled 523:528 arg1 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads 494:561 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 7 48 theme swelling 1071:1078 arg1 characteristics 1092:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics 1056:1106 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- 1056:1129 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 3 49 theme CA 373:374 arg1 beads 377:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads 355:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) 355:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 49 theme CA 373:374 arg1 type 453:456 a new type 447:456 a new type of water/nutrients retention agent 447:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 4 50 theme kinetic 624:630 arg1 ratios 641:646 low kinetic swelling ratios 620:646 low kinetic swelling ratios in water 620:655 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 0 51 theme water 63:67 arg1 holding 69:75 improved water holding 54:75 improved water holding 54:75 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 4 52 theme Ca-alginate/ball 506:521 arg1 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads 494:561 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 2 53 theme New 229:231 arg1 techniques 233:242 New techniques 229:242 New techniques 229:242 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 3 54 theme retention 477:485 arg1 agent 487:491 water/nutrients retention agent 461:491 water/nutrients retention agent 461:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 0 55 theme improved 54:61 arg1 holding 69:75 improved water holding 54:75 improved water holding 54:75 Novel biochar-impregnated calcium alginate beads with improved water holding and nutrient retention properties. 29287175 4 56 theme composite 538:546 arg1 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads 494:561 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 7 57 theme soil 1185:1188 arg1 amendment 1190:1198 a soil amendment 1183:1198 a soil amendment 1183:1198 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 3 58 theme ball-milled 400:410 arg1 BMB 421:423 BMB 421:423 BMB 421:423 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 58 theme ball-milled 400:410 arg1 biochar 412:418 ball-milled biochar 400:418 ball-milled biochar (BMB) 400:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 1 59 theme nutrients 135:143 arg1 loss 145:148 nutrients loss 135:148 nutrients loss 135:148 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 4 60 theme biochar 530:536 arg1 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads 494:561 beads 557:561 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 1 61 from yields 203:208 arg1 agroecosystems 213:226 agroecosystems 213:226 agroecosystems 213:226 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 1 62 theme Drought 112:118 arg1 conditions 120:129 Drought conditions 112:129 Drought conditions 112:129 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 6 63 theme holding 988:994 arg1 capacity 996:1003 the water holding capacity 978:1003 the water holding capacity 978:1003 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 4 64 theme ion 750:752 arg1 exchange 754:761 ion exchange 750:761 ion exchange 750:761 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 2 65 theme application 330:340 arg1 tools 342:346 effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools 268:346 tools 342:346 New techniques are needed to carry out effective soil water and nutrient conservation and fertilizer application tools. 29287175 6 66 theme dehydration 1023:1033 arg1 time 1035:1038 the dehydration time 1019:1038 the dehydration time of Ca-alginate 1019:1053 Over a range of temperatures, the characteristics of dehydration suggested that impregnation with BMB improved the water holding capacity and postponed the dehydration time of Ca-alginate. 29287175 7 67 theme nutrient 1215:1222 arg1 retention 1224:1232 its nutrient retention 1211:1232 its nutrient retention 1211:1232 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 3 68 theme new 449:451 arg1 beads 377:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads 355:381 calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) 355:424 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 3 68 theme new 449:451 arg1 type 453:456 a new type 447:456 a new type of water/nutrients retention agent 447:491 Here, calcium alginate (CA) beads impregnated with ball-milled biochar (BMB) were investigated as a new type of water/nutrients retention agent. 29287175 1 69 theme serious 155:161 arg1 impacts 163:169 serious impacts 155:169 serious impacts 155:169 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 4 70 theme kinetic 575:581 arg1 ratios 592:597 high kinetic swelling ratios 570:597 high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution 570:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 4 71 theme swelling 583:590 arg1 ratios 592:597 high kinetic swelling ratios 570:597 high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution 570:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 1 72 contain have 150:153 arg1 loss 145:148 nutrients loss 135:148 nutrients loss 135:148 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 1 72 contain have 150:153 arg2 impacts 163:169 serious impacts 155:169 serious impacts 155:169 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 1 72 contain have 150:153 arg1 conditions 120:129 Drought conditions 112:129 Drought conditions 112:129 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 4 73 theme low 620:622 arg1 ratios 641:646 low kinetic swelling ratios 620:646 low kinetic swelling ratios in water 620:655 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 29287175 1 74 from quality 179:185 arg1 agroecosystems 213:226 agroecosystems 213:226 agroecosystems 213:226 Drought conditions and nutrients loss have serious impacts on soil quality as well as crop yields in agroecosystems. 29287175 7 75 theme great 1164:1168 arg1 potential 1170:1178 great potential 1164:1178 great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity 1164:1259 The cumulative swelling and release characteristics of water, K+, and NO3- indicated that CA-BMB beads have great potential as a soil amendment to improve its nutrient retention and water holding capacity. 29287175 4 76 theme KNO3 602:605 arg1 solution 607:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 KNO3 solution 602:614 Both CA and Ca-alginate/ball milled biochar composite (CA-BMB) beads showed high kinetic swelling ratios in KNO3 solution and low kinetic swelling ratios in water, indicating that CA-BMB beads have the potential to retain mineral nitrogen and nutrients by ion exchange. 30843936 8 0 located observed 1116:1123 arg2 it 1109:1110 it 1109:1110 it 1109:1110 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 8 0 located observed 1116:1123 arg1 DV 1105:1106 DV 1105:1106 DV 1105:1106 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 1 1 from influence 167:175 arg1 phase 275:279 the initial phase 263:279 the initial phase of the bone repair 263:298 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 5 2 theme matrix 837:842 arg1 circumjacent 873:884 circumjacent 873:884 circumjacent to the others 873:898 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 5 2 theme matrix 837:842 arg1 deposition 815:824 deposition 815:824 deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres 815:867 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 7 3 theme chronic 1030:1036 arg1 inflammation 1052:1063 chronic granulomatous inflammation 1030:1063 chronic granulomatous inflammation 1030:1063 In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. 30843936 8 4 theme reduced 1212:1218 arg1 thickness 1220:1228 reduced thickness 1212:1228 reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1212:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 1 5 theme composites 249:258 arg1 geometry 184:191 the geometry 180:191 the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 180:258 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 0 6 from Influence 0:8 arg1 phase 98:102 the initial phase 86:102 the initial phase of bone repair1 86:118 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 9 7 theme bone 1420:1423 arg1 regeneration 1425:1436 the bone regeneration 1416:1436 the bone regeneration 1416:1436 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 0 8 theme initial 90:96 arg1 phase 98:102 the initial phase 86:102 the initial phase of bone repair1 86:118 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 8 9 with edges 1166:1170 arg1 thickness 1220:1228 reduced thickness 1212:1228 reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1212:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 5 10 dep RESULTS 756:762 arg1 showed 794:799 showed 794:799 showed 794:799 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 0 11 theme bone 107:110 arg1 repair1 112:118 bone repair1 107:118 bone repair1 107:118 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 9 12 theme tissue 1351:1356 arg1 response 1358:1365 the tissue response 1347:1365 the tissue response 1347:1365 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 5 13 theme bone 910:913 arg1 edges 915:919 the bone edges 906:919 the bone edges 906:919 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 8 14 theme bone 1125:1128 arg1 neoformation 1130:1141 bone neoformation 1125:1141 bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1125:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 7 15 theme granulomatous 1038:1050 arg1 inflammation 1052:1063 chronic granulomatous inflammation 1030:1063 chronic granulomatous inflammation 1030:1063 In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. 30843936 7 16 from evident 1081:1087 arg1 GrHA 1092:1095 GrHA 1092:1095 GrHA 1092:1095 In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. 30843936 2 17 theme HAn/Alg 440:446 arg1 granules 448:455 HAn/Alg granules 440:455 HAn/Alg granules 440:455 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 8 18 from thickness 1220:1228 arg1 relation 1233:1240 relation 1233:1240 relation to the bone edges 1233:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 2 19 dep groups 348:353 arg1 defect 368:373 MiHA - bone defect 356:373 defect 368:373 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 19 dep groups 348:353 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 19 dep groups 348:353 arg1 GrHA 409:412 GrHA 409:412 GrHA 409:412 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 19 dep groups 348:353 arg1 defect 421:426 bone defect 416:426 bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules 416:455 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 19 dep groups 348:353 arg1 defect 478:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 20 theme bone 363:366 arg1 defect 368:373 MiHA - bone defect 356:373 defect 368:373 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 20 theme bone 363:366 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 21 theme bone 416:419 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 21 theme bone 416:419 arg1 defect 421:426 bone defect 416:426 bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules 416:455 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 22 theme DV 462:463 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 22 theme DV 462:463 arg1 defect 478:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 3 23 from defect 581:586 arg1 calvaria 605:612 rat calvaria 601:612 rat calvaria 601:612 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 8 24 theme restricted 1143:1152 arg1 neoformation 1130:1141 bone neoformation 1125:1141 bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1125:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 1 25 theme initial 267:273 arg1 phase 275:279 the initial phase 263:279 the initial phase of the bone repair 263:298 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 6 26 from GrHA 925:928 arg1 deposition 935:944 the deposition 931:944 the deposition of this matrix 931:959 In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. 30843936 6 26 from GrHA 925:928 arg1 inside 972:977 inside 972:977 inside 972:977 In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. 30843936 6 27 from inside 972:977 arg1 GrHA 925:928 GrHA 925:928 GrHA 925:928 In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. 30843936 8 28 theme bone 1249:1252 arg1 edges 1254:1258 the bone edges 1245:1258 the bone edges 1245:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 2 29 theme MiHA 356:359 arg1 defect 368:373 MiHA - bone defect 356:373 defect 368:373 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 29 theme MiHA 356:359 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 0 30 theme geometry 17:24 arg1 Influence 0:8 Influence 0:8 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 0:119 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 8 31 theme connective 1189:1198 arg1 tissue 1200:1205 connective tissue 1189:1205 connective tissue 1189:1205 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 1 32 theme geometry 184:191 arg1 influence 167:175 the influence 163:175 the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair 163:298 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 5 33 theme histomorphologic 768:783 arg1 analysis 785:792 The histomorphologic analysis 764:792 The histomorphologic analysis 764:792 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 0 34 theme repair1 112:118 arg1 phase 98:102 the initial phase 86:102 the initial phase of bone repair1 86:118 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 7 35 from GrHA 1092:1095 arg1 evident 1081:1087 evident 1081:1087 evident 1081:1087 In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. 30843936 2 36 theme HAn/Alg 387:393 arg1 microspheres 395:406 HAn/Alg microspheres 387:406 HAn/Alg microspheres 387:406 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 0 37 theme nanostructured 29:42 arg1 composites 72:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 9 38 dep CONCLUSION 1284:1293 arg1 determinant 1332:1342 determinant 1332:1342 determinant 1332:1342 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 9 38 dep CONCLUSION 1284:1293 arg1 geometry 1299:1306 The geometry 1295:1306 The geometry of the biomaterials 1295:1326 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 1 39 theme nanostructured 196:209 arg1 composites 249:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 9 40 theme biomaterials 1315:1326 arg1 determinant 1332:1342 determinant 1332:1342 determinant 1332:1342 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 9 40 theme biomaterials 1315:1326 arg1 geometry 1299:1306 The geometry 1295:1306 The geometry of the biomaterials 1295:1326 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 1 41 theme bone 288:291 arg1 repair 293:298 the bone repair 284:298 the bone repair 284:298 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 8 42 with formation 1176:1184 arg1 thickness 1220:1228 reduced thickness 1212:1228 reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1212:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 1 43 theme hydroxyapatite 211:224 arg1 composites 249:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 2 44 theme empty 467:471 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 44 theme empty 467:471 arg1 defect 478:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 1 45 theme repair 293:298 arg1 phase 275:279 the initial phase 263:279 the initial phase of the bone repair 263:298 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 6 46 theme matrix 954:959 arg1 deposition 935:944 the deposition 931:944 the deposition of this matrix 931:959 In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. 30843936 6 46 theme matrix 954:959 arg1 inside 972:977 inside 972:977 inside 972:977 In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. 30843936 3 47 theme experimental 531:542 arg1 model 553:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 47 theme experimental 531:542 arg1 defect 581:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 0 48 theme hydroxyapatite 44:57 arg1 composites 72:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 3 49 theme surgical 544:551 arg1 model 553:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 49 theme surgical 544:551 arg1 defect 581:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 4 50 from paraffin 663:670 arg1 embedded 651:658 embedded 651:658 embedded 651:658 After euthanasia the specimens were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius and Masson-Goldner's trichrome. 30843936 3 51 theme bone 576:579 arg1 model 553:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 51 theme bone 576:579 arg1 mm 594:595 ≅8.5 mm 589:595 ≅8.5 mm 589:595 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 51 theme bone 576:579 arg1 defect 581:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 2 52 dep METHODS 301:307 arg1 distributed 327:337 distributed 327:337 were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 322:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 8 53 theme bone 1161:1164 arg1 edges 1166:1170 the bone edges 1157:1170 the bone edges 1157:1170 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 9 54 from determinant 1332:1342 arg1 response 1358:1365 the tissue response 1347:1365 the tissue response 1347:1365 CONCLUSION The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules. 30843936 8 55 theme tissue 1200:1205 arg1 formation 1176:1184 formation 1176:1184 formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges 1176:1258 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 8 55 theme tissue 1200:1205 arg1 edges 1166:1170 the bone edges 1157:1170 the bone edges 1157:1170 In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. 30843936 4 56 from embedded 651:658 arg1 paraffin 663:670 paraffin 663:670 paraffin 663:670 After euthanasia the specimens were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius and Masson-Goldner's trichrome. 30843936 1 57 theme alginate 230:237 arg1 composites 249:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites 196:258 PURPOSE To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. 30843936 0 58 theme composites 72:81 arg1 geometry 17:24 the geometry 13:24 the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 13:81 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 3 59 theme rat 601:603 arg1 calvaria 605:612 rat calvaria 601:612 rat calvaria 601:612 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 0 60 theme alginate 63:70 arg1 composites 72:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites 29:81 Influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate composites in the initial phase of bone repair1. 30843936 3 61 theme critical 567:574 arg1 model 553:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model 527:557 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 61 theme critical 567:574 arg1 mm 594:595 ≅8.5 mm 589:595 ≅8.5 mm 589:595 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 3 61 theme critical 567:574 arg1 defect 581:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 the critical bone defect 563:586 The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. 30843936 5 62 theme osteoid 829:835 arg1 matrix 837:842 osteoid matrix 829:842 osteoid matrix 829:842 RESULTS The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. 30843936 2 63 theme bone 473:476 arg1 groups 348:353 three groups 342:353 three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect 342:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 30843936 2 63 theme bone 473:476 arg1 defect 478:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 DV - empty bone defect 462:483 METHODS Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. 31129253 8 0 theme functional 1138:1147 arg1 groups 1149:1154 the functional groups 1134:1154 the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL 1134:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 8 0 theme functional 1138:1147 arg1 bond 1163:1166 C=O bond 1159:1166 C=O bond of PCL 1159:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 14 1 theme suitable 1864:1871 arg1 alternative 1873:1883 a suitable alternative 1862:1883 a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation 1862:1920 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 14 1 theme suitable 1864:1871 arg1 PCL 1846:1848 PCL 25 1846:1851 PCL 25 1846:1851 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 1 2 theme extracellular 276:288 arg1 ECM 298:300 ECM 298:300 ECM 298:300 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 1 2 theme extracellular 276:288 arg1 matrix 290:295 the extracellular matrix 272:295 the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane 272:369 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 10 3 theme membrane 1384:1391 arg1 proteins 1393:1400 membrane proteins 1384:1400 membrane proteins 1384:1400 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 3 4 theme surface 551:557 arg1 characteristics 559:573 The surface characteristics 547:573 The surface characteristics of PCL25 547:582 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 8 5 theme bond 1163:1166 arg1 groups 1149:1154 the functional groups 1134:1154 the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL 1134:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 8 5 theme bond 1163:1166 arg1 bond 1163:1166 C=O bond 1159:1166 C=O bond of PCL 1159:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 11 6 theme protein 1407:1413 arg1 productions 1415:1425 ECM protein productions 1403:1425 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL 1403:1440 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL were no inferior to TCPS. 31129253 2 7 used utilized 463:470 arg2 We 460:461 We 460:461 We 460:461 We utilized the chitosan/PCL blends named as PCL25 consisting of PCL at 25% by weight. 31129253 7 8 theme pure 1087:1090 arg1 membrane 1101:1108 pure chitosan membrane 1087:1108 pure chitosan membrane 1087:1108 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 5 9 theme phenotype 853:861 arg1 terms 796:800 terms 796:800 terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 796:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 8 10 theme PCL 1171:1173 arg1 bond 1163:1166 C=O bond 1159:1166 C=O bond of PCL 1159:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 9 11 theme hexagonal 1195:1203 arg1 morphology 1205:1214 hexagonal morphology 1195:1214 hexagonal morphology 1195:1214 The CECs displayed hexagonal morphology and similar proliferation rate on both PCL25 membrane and TCPS. 31129253 1 12 theme corneal 210:216 arg1 cells 230:234 corneal endothelial cells 210:234 corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 210:257 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 1 12 theme corneal 210:216 arg1 CECs 237:240 CECs 237:240 CECs 237:240 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 14 13 theme cadaveric 1889:1897 arg1 transplantation 1906:1920 cadaveric cornea transplantation 1889:1920 cadaveric cornea transplantation 1889:1920 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 0 14 theme compositions 135:146 arg1 differentiation 65:79 differentiation 65:79 differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions 65:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 1 15 theme cells 230:234 arg1 differentiation 243:257 corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 210:257 corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 210:257 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 1 16 theme blends 422:427 arg1 use 402:404 the potential use 388:404 the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs 388:457 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 13 17 theme compositions 1726:1737 arg1 terms 1713:1717 terms 1713:1717 terms of ECM compositions 1713:1737 In conclusions, chitosan/PCL blends membrane provided a favorable environment for CECs in terms of ECM compositions, therefore enhancing the growth and differentiation. 31129253 7 18 theme PCL25 1039:1043 arg1 membrane 1045:1052 PCL25 membrane 1039:1052 PCL25 membrane examined by AFM 1039:1068 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 1 19 theme tissue 432:437 arg1 engineering 439:449 tissue engineering 432:449 tissue engineering of CECs 432:457 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 6 20 theme ECM 934:936 arg1 productions 946:956 ECM protein productions 934:956 ECM protein productions 934:956 Furthermore, ECM protein productions were also analyzed. 31129253 9 21 theme PCL25 1255:1259 arg1 membrane 1261:1268 PCL25 membrane 1255:1268 PCL25 membrane 1255:1268 The CECs displayed hexagonal morphology and similar proliferation rate on both PCL25 membrane and TCPS. 31129253 12 22 theme type 1538:1541 arg1 amount 1519:1524 the higher amount 1508:1524 the higher amount of collagen type IV 1508:1544 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 12 22 theme type 1538:1541 arg1 type 1538:1541 collagen type IV 1529:1544 collagen type IV 1529:1544 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 2 23 from % 534:534 arg1 PCL 525:527 PCL 525:527 PCL at 25% by weight 525:544 We utilized the chitosan/PCL blends named as PCL25 consisting of PCL at 25% by weight. 31129253 1 24 theme blended 354:360 arg1 membrane 362:369 chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane 322:369 chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane 322:369 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 3 25 theme Infrared 626:633 arg1 FTIR 649:652 FTIR 649:652 FTIR 649:652 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 3 25 theme Infrared 626:633 arg1 Spectroscopy 635:646 Infrared Spectroscopy 626:646 Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 626:653 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 5 26 theme differentiation 881:895 arg1 proteins 897:904 differentiation proteins 881:904 differentiation proteins 881:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 0 27 from effect 18:23 arg1 differentiation 65:79 differentiation 65:79 differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions 65:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 0 28 theme corneal 84:90 arg1 cells 104:108 corneal endothelial cells 84:108 corneal endothelial cells 84:108 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 14 29 theme tissue 1813:1818 arg1 applications 1832:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 12 30 theme higher 1512:1517 arg1 amount 1519:1524 the higher amount 1508:1524 the higher amount of collagen type IV 1508:1544 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 12 30 theme higher 1512:1517 arg1 type 1538:1541 collagen type IV 1529:1544 collagen type IV 1529:1544 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 0 31 theme cells 104:108 arg1 differentiation 65:79 differentiation 65:79 differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions 65:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 4 32 theme chitosan 759:766 arg1 membrane 768:775 pure chitosan membrane 754:775 pure chitosan membrane 754:775 Bovine CECs were cultured on the blends, compared with TCPS and pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 0 33 theme extracellular 114:126 arg1 compositions 135:146 extracellular matrix compositions 114:146 extracellular matrix compositions 114:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 1 34 theme potential 392:400 arg1 use 402:404 the potential use 388:404 the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs 388:457 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 1 35 from use 402:404 arg1 engineering 439:449 tissue engineering 432:449 tissue engineering of CECs 432:457 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 14 36 theme CEC 1809:1811 arg1 applications 1832:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 5 37 theme cell 805:808 arg1 attachment 810:819 cell attachment 805:819 cell attachment 805:819 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 13 38 theme chitosan/PCL 1639:1650 arg1 membrane 1659:1666 chitosan/PCL blends membrane 1639:1666 chitosan/PCL blends membrane 1639:1666 In conclusions, chitosan/PCL blends membrane provided a favorable environment for CECs in terms of ECM compositions, therefore enhancing the growth and differentiation. 31129253 3 39 theme Atomic 659:664 arg1 Microscope 672:681 Atomic Force Microscope 659:681 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) 659:687 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 3 39 theme Atomic 659:664 arg1 AFM 684:686 AFM 684:686 AFM 684:686 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 1 40 theme underlying 185:194 arg1 mechanisms 196:205 the underlying mechanisms 181:205 the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 181:257 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 0 41 theme chitosan/ 28:36 arg1 blends 55:60 chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends 28:60 chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends 28:60 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 10 42 theme well-localized 1332:1345 arg1 expression 1370:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression 1332:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins 1332:1400 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 0 43 theme blends 55:60 arg1 effect 18:23 the effect 14:23 the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions 14:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 12 44 from expression 1566:1575 arg1 membrane 1586:1593 PCL25 membrane 1580:1593 PCL25 membrane 1580:1593 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 12 45 theme western 1478:1484 arg1 results 1491:1497 western blot results 1478:1497 western blot results 1478:1497 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 10 46 theme ATPase 1363:1368 arg1 expression 1370:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression 1332:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins 1332:1400 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 7 47 theme chitosan 1092:1099 arg1 membrane 1101:1108 pure chitosan membrane 1087:1108 pure chitosan membrane 1087:1108 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 10 48 theme proteins 1393:1400 arg1 expression 1370:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression 1332:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins 1332:1400 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 1 49 theme matrix 290:295 arg1 compositions 303:314 the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions 272:314 the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane 272:369 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 14 50 theme engineering 1820:1830 arg1 applications 1832:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 CEC tissue engineering applications 1809:1843 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 11 51 theme ECM 1403:1405 arg1 productions 1415:1425 ECM protein productions 1403:1425 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL 1403:1440 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL were no inferior to TCPS. 31129253 5 52 theme differentiation 837:851 arg1 phenotype 853:861 differentiation phenotype 837:861 differentiation phenotype 837:861 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 8 53 theme C=O 1159:1161 arg1 bond 1163:1166 C=O bond 1159:1166 C=O bond of PCL 1159:1173 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 3 54 theme PCL25 578:582 arg1 characteristics 559:573 The surface characteristics 547:573 The surface characteristics of PCL25 547:582 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 14 55 theme cornea 1899:1904 arg1 transplantation 1906:1920 cadaveric cornea transplantation 1889:1920 cadaveric cornea transplantation 1889:1920 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 1 56 theme endothelial 218:228 arg1 cells 230:234 corneal endothelial cells 210:234 corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 210:257 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 1 56 theme endothelial 218:228 arg1 CECs 237:240 CECs 237:240 CECs 237:240 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 7 57 theme membrane 1045:1052 arg1 roughness 1025:1033 roughness 1025:1033 roughness 1025:1033 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 7 57 theme membrane 1045:1052 arg1 topography 1013:1022 the topography 1009:1022 the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM 1009:1068 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 9 58 theme similar 1220:1226 arg1 rate 1242:1245 similar proliferation rate 1220:1245 similar proliferation rate 1220:1245 The CECs displayed hexagonal morphology and similar proliferation rate on both PCL25 membrane and TCPS. 31129253 3 59 dep Fourier 608:614 arg1 Transform 616:624 Transform 616:624 Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) 616:687 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 5 60 theme proliferation 822:834 arg1 terms 796:800 terms 796:800 terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 796:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 12 61 theme TGF-β2 1559:1564 arg1 expression 1566:1575 TGF-β2 expression 1559:1575 TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane 1559:1593 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 13 62 theme ECM 1722:1724 arg1 compositions 1726:1737 ECM compositions 1722:1737 ECM compositions 1722:1737 In conclusions, chitosan/PCL blends membrane provided a favorable environment for CECs in terms of ECM compositions, therefore enhancing the growth and differentiation. 31129253 6 63 theme protein 938:944 arg1 productions 946:956 ECM protein productions 934:956 ECM protein productions 934:956 Furthermore, ECM protein productions were also analyzed. 31129253 5 64 theme expression 867:876 arg1 terms 796:800 terms 796:800 terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 796:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 1 65 theme CECs 454:457 arg1 engineering 439:449 tissue engineering 432:449 tissue engineering of CECs 432:457 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 5 66 theme attachment 810:819 arg1 terms 796:800 terms 796:800 terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 796:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 0 67 theme endothelial 92:102 arg1 cells 104:108 corneal endothelial cells 84:108 corneal endothelial cells 84:108 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 5 68 from behaviors 783:791 arg1 terms 796:800 terms 796:800 terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 796:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 5 69 theme proteins 897:904 arg1 proliferation 822:834 proliferation 822:834 proliferation 822:834 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 5 69 theme proteins 897:904 arg1 phenotype 853:861 differentiation phenotype 837:861 differentiation phenotype 837:861 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 5 69 theme proteins 897:904 arg1 attachment 810:819 cell attachment 805:819 cell attachment 805:819 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 5 69 theme proteins 897:904 arg1 expression 867:876 expression 867:876 expression of differentiation proteins 867:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 4 70 theme Bovine 690:695 arg1 CECs 697:700 Bovine CECs 690:700 Bovine CECs 690:700 Bovine CECs were cultured on the blends, compared with TCPS and pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 12 71 theme collagen 1529:1536 arg1 type 1538:1541 collagen type IV 1529:1544 collagen type IV 1529:1544 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 7 72 dep found 1003:1007 arg1 greater 1074:1080 greater 1074:1080 greater 1074:1080 From the experiments, we found the topography (roughness) of PCL25 membrane examined by AFM was greater than pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 0 73 theme matrix 128:133 arg1 compositions 135:146 extracellular matrix compositions 114:146 extracellular matrix compositions 114:146 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 4 74 theme pure 754:757 arg1 membrane 768:775 pure chitosan membrane 754:775 pure chitosan membrane 754:775 Bovine CECs were cultured on the blends, compared with TCPS and pure chitosan membrane. 31129253 11 75 theme CECs 1430:1433 arg1 productions 1415:1425 ECM protein productions 1403:1425 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL 1403:1440 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL were no inferior to TCPS. 31129253 13 76 theme favorable 1679:1687 arg1 environment 1689:1699 a favorable environment 1677:1699 a favorable environment for CECs 1677:1708 In conclusions, chitosan/PCL blends membrane provided a favorable environment for CECs in terms of ECM compositions, therefore enhancing the growth and differentiation. 31129253 10 77 theme immunofluorescence 1297:1314 arg1 evidence 1316:1323 the immunofluorescence evidence 1293:1323 the immunofluorescence evidence 1293:1323 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 1 78 theme chitosan/PCL 409:420 arg1 blends 422:427 chitosan/PCL blends 409:427 chitosan/PCL blends 409:427 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 12 79 theme TCPS 1607:1610 arg1 substrate 1612:1620 TCPS substrate 1607:1620 TCPS substrate 1607:1620 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 14 80 from alternative 1873:1883 arg1 future 1934:1939 future 1934:1939 future 1934:1939 Accordingly, for CEC tissue engineering applications, PCL 25 might be a suitable alternative for cadaveric cornea transplantation in the near future. 31129253 0 81 theme polycaprolactone 38:53 arg1 blends 55:60 chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends 28:60 chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends 28:60 Investigating the effect of chitosan/ polycaprolactone blends in differentiation of corneal endothelial cells and extracellular matrix compositions. 31129253 12 82 theme blot 1486:1489 arg1 results 1491:1497 western blot results 1478:1497 western blot results 1478:1497 Moreover, western blot results verified the higher amount of collagen type IV, and reduced TGF-β2 expression on PCL25 membrane compared to TCPS substrate. 31129253 13 83 theme blends 1652:1657 arg1 membrane 1659:1666 chitosan/PCL blends membrane 1639:1666 chitosan/PCL blends membrane 1639:1666 In conclusions, chitosan/PCL blends membrane provided a favorable environment for CECs in terms of ECM compositions, therefore enhancing the growth and differentiation. 31129253 10 84 theme ZO-1 1347:1350 arg1 expression 1370:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression 1332:1379 well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins 1332:1400 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 31129253 5 85 theme Cell 778:781 arg1 behaviors 783:791 Cell behaviors 778:791 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins 778:904 Cell behaviors in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation phenotype and expression of differentiation proteins were examined. 31129253 2 86 theme chitosan/PCL 476:487 arg1 blends 489:494 the chitosan/PCL blends 472:494 the chitosan/PCL blends named as PCL25 consisting of PCL at 25% by weight 472:544 We utilized the chitosan/PCL blends named as PCL25 consisting of PCL at 25% by weight. 31129253 9 87 theme proliferation 1228:1240 arg1 rate 1242:1245 similar proliferation rate 1220:1245 similar proliferation rate 1220:1245 The CECs displayed hexagonal morphology and similar proliferation rate on both PCL25 membrane and TCPS. 31129253 8 88 theme FTIR 1111:1114 arg1 results 1116:1122 FTIR results 1111:1122 FTIR results 1111:1122 FTIR results confirmed the functional groups of C=O bond of PCL. 31129253 11 89 from productions 1415:1425 arg1 PCL 1438:1440 PCL 1438:1440 PCL 1438:1440 ECM protein productions of CECs on PCL were no inferior to TCPS. 31129253 3 90 theme Force 666:670 arg1 Microscope 672:681 Atomic Force Microscope 659:681 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) 659:687 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 3 90 theme Force 666:670 arg1 AFM 684:686 AFM 684:686 AFM 684:686 The surface characteristics of PCL25 were confirmed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). 31129253 1 91 theme differentiation 243:257 arg1 mechanisms 196:205 the underlying mechanisms 181:205 the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation 181:257 This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) differentiation and identify the extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions using chitosan/polycaprolactone (PCL) blended membrane, hence exploring the potential use of chitosan/PCL blends in tissue engineering of CECs. 31129253 10 92 theme Na+/K+ 1356:1361 arg1 ATPase 1363:1368 Na+/K+ ATPase 1356:1368 Na+/K+ ATPase 1356:1368 In addition, the immunofluorescence evidence showed well-localized ZO-1 and Na+/K+ ATPase expression of membrane proteins. 30701656 0 0 theme l-arginine 106:115 arg1 acid 123:126 l-arginine amino acid 106:126 l-arginine amino acid 106:126 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 7 1 dep 107A 1255:1258 arg1 1244-1252 1261:1269 1244-1252 1261:1269 1244-1252 1261:1269 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 30701656 1 2 theme magnetism 166:174 arg1 fundamentals 150:161 fundamentals 150:161 fundamentals of magnetism 150:174 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 5 3 theme osteoblast-like 1024:1038 arg1 cells 1067:1071 osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells 1024:1071 cells 1067:1071 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 1 4 theme engineering 240:250 arg1 field 224:228 the field 220:228 the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine 220:276 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 5 5 theme l-Arg 945:949 arg1 presence 925:932 the simultaneous presence 908:932 the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg 908:949 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 5 6 theme DMs 937:939 arg1 presence 925:932 the simultaneous presence 908:932 the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg 908:949 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 5 7 theme mechano-structural 973:990 arg1 properties 1006:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 3 8 dep design 491:496 arg1 the 487:489 the 487:489 the 487:489 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 1 9 theme regenerative 256:267 arg1 medicine 269:276 regenerative medicine 256:276 regenerative medicine 256:276 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 0 10 theme amino 117:121 arg1 acid 123:126 l-arginine amino acid 106:126 l-arginine amino acid 106:126 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 3 11 theme maghemite 597:605 arg1 nanoarchitectures 607:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures 581:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) 581:628 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 11 theme maghemite 597:605 arg1 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 12 theme three-dimensional 522:538 arg1 scaffolds 560:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds 522:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent 522:701 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 1 13 theme medicine 269:276 arg1 field 224:228 the field 220:228 the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine 220:276 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 3 14 with functionalized 634:647 arg1 l-Arg 666:670 l-Arg 666:670 l-Arg 666:670 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 14 with functionalized 634:647 arg1 l-arginine 654:663 l-arginine 654:663 l-arginine (l-Arg) 654:671 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 2 15 theme regeneration 440:451 arg1 process 453:459 the regeneration process 436:459 the regeneration process 436:459 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 3 16 theme chitosan-based 545:558 arg1 scaffolds 560:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds 522:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent 522:701 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 4 17 theme homogeneous 706:716 arg1 distribution 723:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 5 18 theme time-dependent 1166:1179 arg1 field 1190:1194 a time-dependent magnetic field 1164:1194 a time-dependent magnetic field 1164:1194 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 3 19 theme scaffolds 560:568 arg1 characterization 502:517 characterization 502:517 characterization 502:517 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 19 theme scaffolds 560:568 arg1 aim 466:468 The aim 462:468 The aim of this work 462:481 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 19 theme scaffolds 560:568 arg1 design 491:496 design 491:496 design 491:496 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 1 20 theme wide 185:188 arg1 area 199:202 a wide research area 183:202 a wide research area of interest 183:214 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 0 21 theme chitosan-based 10:23 arg1 scaffolds 25:33 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds 0:33 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties 0:58 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 5 22 theme magnetic 1181:1188 arg1 field 1190:1194 a time-dependent magnetic field 1164:1194 a time-dependent magnetic field 1164:1194 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 2 23 theme synthetic/natural 330:346 arg1 formulations 357:368 synthetic/natural scaffold formulations 330:368 synthetic/natural scaffold formulations 330:368 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 1 24 theme research 190:197 arg1 area 199:202 a wide research area 183:202 a wide research area of interest 183:214 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 0 25 theme Bioactive 0:8 arg1 scaffolds 25:33 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds 0:33 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties 0:58 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 2 26 theme responsive 400:409 arg1 structures 411:420 " responsive structures 398:420 " responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process 398:459 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 4 27 theme high 742:745 arg1 degree 747:752 a high degree 740:752 a high degree of interconnection 740:771 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 2 28 theme nanoarchitectures 307:323 arg1 integration 283:293 The integration 279:293 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations 279:368 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 4 29 with structures 799:808 arg1 DMs 815:817 DMs 815:817 DMs 815:817 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 2 30 theme magnetic 298:305 arg1 nanoarchitectures 307:323 magnetic nanoarchitectures 298:323 magnetic nanoarchitectures 298:323 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 1 31 theme interest 207:214 arg1 area 199:202 a wide research area 183:202 a wide research area of interest 183:214 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 3 32 dep three-dimensional 522:538 arg1 3D 541:542 3D 541:542 3D 541:542 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 7 33 theme Part 1247:1250 arg1 A 1252:1252 Part A 1247:1252 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 1228:1276 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 30701656 3 34 theme bioactive 687:695 arg1 agent 697:701 bioactive agent 687:701 bioactive agent 687:701 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 35 theme functionalized 634:647 arg1 acid 679:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 36 theme dextran-grafted 581:595 arg1 nanoarchitectures 607:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures 581:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) 581:628 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 36 theme dextran-grafted 581:595 arg1 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 0 37 theme improved 40:47 arg1 properties 49:58 improved properties 40:58 improved properties 40:58 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 3 38 theme amino 673:677 arg1 acid 679:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 39 theme work 478:481 arg1 aim 466:468 The aim 462:468 The aim of this work 462:481 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 39 theme work 478:481 arg1 design 491:496 design 491:496 design 491:496 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 5 40 theme simultaneous 912:923 arg1 presence 925:932 the simultaneous presence 908:932 the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg 908:949 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 4 41 theme polymer 863:869 arg1 matrix 871:876 the polymer matrix 859:876 the polymer matrix 859:876 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 0 42 with scaffolds 25:33 arg1 properties 49:58 improved properties 40:58 improved properties 40:58 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 5 43 theme bioactive 996:1004 arg1 properties 1006:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 1 44 theme past 138:141 arg1 years 143:147 the past years 134:147 the past years 134:147 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 30701656 3 45 contain containing 570:579 arg2 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 DM 626:627 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 45 contain containing 570:579 arg2 nanoarchitectures 607:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures 581:623 dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) 581:628 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 45 contain containing 570:579 arg1 scaffolds 560:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds 522:568 three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent 522:701 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 3 45 contain containing 570:579 arg2 acid 679:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid 634:682 The aim of this work was the design and characterization of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based scaffolds containing dextran-grafted maghemite nanoarchitectures (DM) and functionalized with l-arginine (l-Arg) amino acid as bioactive agent. 30701656 7 46 dep Res 1243:1245 arg1 107A 1255:1258 107A 1255:1258 107A 1255:1258 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 30701656 7 46 dep Res 1243:1245 arg1 A 1252:1252 Part A 1247:1252 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 1228:1276 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1244-1252, 2019. 30701656 5 47 theme mesenchymal 1050:1060 arg1 cells 1067:1071 osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells 1024:1071 cells 1067:1071 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 4 48 theme interconnection 757:771 arg1 degree 747:752 a high degree 740:752 a high degree of interconnection 740:771 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 4 48 theme interconnection 757:771 arg1 distribution 723:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 2 49 dep obtaining 378:386 arg1 demand 392:397 demand 392:397 demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process 392:459 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 5 50 theme human 1044:1048 arg1 cells 1067:1071 osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells 1024:1071 cells 1067:1071 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 5 51 theme stem 1062:1065 arg1 cells 1067:1071 osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells 1024:1071 cells 1067:1071 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 2 52 theme scaffold 348:355 arg1 formulations 357:368 synthetic/natural scaffold formulations 330:368 synthetic/natural scaffold formulations 330:368 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 5 53 theme interesting 961:971 arg1 properties 1006:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties 961:1015 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 4 54 dep resulted 826:833 arg1 distributed 840:850 distributed 840:850 resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix 826:876 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 2 55 theme " 398:398 arg1 structures 411:420 " responsive structures 398:420 " responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process 398:459 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 2 56 theme able 422:425 arg1 structures 411:420 " responsive structures 398:420 " responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process 398:459 The integration of magnetic nanoarchitectures into synthetic/natural scaffold formulations allowed obtaining "on demand" responsive structures able to guide the regeneration process. 30701656 0 57 theme dextran-grafted 71:85 arg1 nano-maghemite 87:100 dextran-grafted nano-maghemite 71:100 dextran-grafted nano-maghemite 71:100 Bioactive chitosan-based scaffolds with improved properties induced by dextran-grafted nano-maghemite and l-arginine amino acid. 30701656 5 58 theme field 1190:1194 arg1 presence 1152:1159 the presence 1148:1159 the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field 1148:1194 All the results suggest that the simultaneous presence of DMs and l-Arg conferred interesting mechano-structural and bioactive properties toward osteoblast-like and human mesenchymal stem cells, differentially stimulating their proliferation both in the absence and in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field. 30701656 6 59 dep © 1197:1197 arg1 Inc. 1223:1226 Inc. 1223:1226 Inc. 1223:1226 © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 30701656 4 60 theme pore 718:721 arg1 distribution 723:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution 704:734 A homogeneous pore distribution and a high degree of interconnection were obtained for all the structures with DMs, which resulted well distributed inside the polymer matrix. 30701656 1 61 theme tissue 233:238 arg1 engineering 240:250 tissue engineering 233:250 tissue engineering 233:250 Over the past years, fundamentals of magnetism opened a wide research area of interest, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31196544 7 0 theme applications 1234:1245 arg1 field 1188:1192 the field 1184:1192 the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1184:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 0 1 theme antimicrobial 96:108 arg1 performance 110:120 its antimicrobial performance 92:120 its antimicrobial performance 92:120 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere and its antimicrobial performance. 31196544 5 2 theme as-prepared 719:729 arg1 microspheres 731:742 The as-prepared microspheres 715:742 The as-prepared microspheres 715:742 The as-prepared microspheres exhibited strong bacteriostasis and fresh-keeping function depending on cross-linking agent concentration. 31196544 7 3 theme CAgMs 1101:1105 arg1 preparation 1086:1096 the size-controllable preparation 1064:1096 the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs 1064:1105 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 1 4 theme size 197:200 arg1 control 127:133 The control 123:133 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 123:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 1 4 theme size 197:200 arg1 crucial 205:211 crucial 205:211 crucial 205:211 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 7 5 from candidate 1171:1179 arg1 field 1188:1192 the field 1184:1192 the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1184:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 3 6 theme size 399:402 arg1 fine-tuning 368:378 The fine-tuning 364:378 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size 364:402 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 7 7 theme fruit 1215:1219 arg1 applications 1234:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 6 8 theme microorganism 915:927 arg1 adsorption 929:938 microorganism adsorption 915:938 microorganism adsorption 915:938 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 4 9 theme glass 650:654 arg1 temperature 667:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 6 10 theme silver 1020:1025 arg1 content 1027:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 7 11 theme preservation 1221:1232 arg1 applications 1234:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 4 12 theme heightened 639:648 arg1 temperature 667:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 4 13 theme physical 513:520 arg1 analysis 540:547 physical and thermodynamic analysis 513:547 physical and thermodynamic analysis 513:547 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 7 14 theme antibacterial 1197:1209 arg1 applications 1234:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1197:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 3 15 theme microsphere 387:397 arg1 size 399:402 the microsphere size 383:402 the microsphere size 383:402 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 2 16 theme controllable 304:315 arg1 size 317:320 controllable size 304:320 controllable size 304:320 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 3 17 theme key 484:486 arg1 object 497:502 the key research object 480:502 the key research object 480:502 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 3 17 theme key 484:486 arg1 agent 470:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 3 18 theme many 421:424 arg1 parameters 435:444 many reaction parameters 421:444 many reaction parameters 421:444 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 4 19 theme thermodynamic 526:538 arg1 analysis 540:547 physical and thermodynamic analysis 513:547 physical and thermodynamic analysis 513:547 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 7 20 theme size-controllable 1068:1084 arg1 preparation 1086:1096 the size-controllable preparation 1064:1096 the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs 1064:1105 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 6 21 theme encapsulated 1007:1018 arg1 content 1027:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 6 22 attach derived 884:890 arg1 content 1027:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 encapsulated silver content 1007:1033 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 6 22 attach derived 884:890 arg1 area 998:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 6 22 attach derived 884:890 arg2 phenomenon 855:864 The phenomenon 851:864 The phenomenon 851:864 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 6 22 attach derived 884:890 arg1 difference 901:910 the difference 897:910 the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability 897:958 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 3 23 theme reaction 426:433 arg1 parameters 435:444 many reaction parameters 421:444 many reaction parameters 421:444 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 4 24 theme higher 605:610 arg1 concentration 619:631 higher silver concentration 605:631 higher silver concentration 605:631 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 2 25 theme two-step 347:354 arg1 method 356:361 a two-step method 345:361 a two-step method 345:361 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 5 26 theme agent 830:834 arg1 concentration 836:848 cross-linking agent concentration 816:848 cross-linking agent concentration 816:848 The as-prepared microspheres exhibited strong bacteriostasis and fresh-keeping function depending on cross-linking agent concentration. 31196544 1 27 theme tuning 217:222 arg1 function 228:235 tuning its function 217:235 tuning its function 217:235 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 4 28 theme bond 701:704 arg1 network 706:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 6 29 theme surface 990:996 arg1 area 998:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 4 30 theme hydrogen 692:699 arg1 network 706:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 4 31 theme silver 612:617 arg1 concentration 619:631 higher silver concentration 605:631 higher silver concentration 605:631 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 7 32 theme promising 1161:1169 arg1 candidate 1171:1179 a promising candidate 1159:1179 a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1159:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 7 32 theme promising 1161:1169 arg1 CAgMs 1146:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 6 33 theme specific 981:988 arg1 area 998:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 5 34 theme cross-linking 816:828 arg1 concentration 836:848 cross-linking agent concentration 816:848 cross-linking agent concentration 816:848 The as-prepared microspheres exhibited strong bacteriostasis and fresh-keeping function depending on cross-linking agent concentration. 31196544 3 35 theme research 488:495 arg1 object 497:502 the key research object 480:502 the key research object 480:502 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 3 35 theme research 488:495 arg1 agent 470:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 0 36 theme chitosan/silver 37:51 arg1 preparation 22:32 The size-controllable preparation 0:32 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver 0:51 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere and its antimicrobial performance. 31196544 4 37 theme agent-induced 577:589 arg1 size 599:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 3 38 theme cross-linking 456:468 arg1 object 497:502 the key research object 480:502 the key research object 480:502 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 3 38 theme cross-linking 456:468 arg1 agent 470:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 the cross-linking agent 452:474 The fine-tuning of the microsphere size was confirmed by many reaction parameters while the cross-linking agent was the key research object. 31196544 6 39 theme varying 973:979 arg1 area 998:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 7 40 theme small 1135:1139 arg1 candidate 1171:1179 a promising candidate 1159:1179 a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1159:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 7 40 theme small 1135:1139 arg1 CAgMs 1146:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 4 41 theme smaller 591:597 arg1 size 599:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 4 42 theme cross-linking 563:575 arg1 size 599:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size 559:602 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 5 43 theme strong 754:759 arg1 bacteriostasis 761:774 strong bacteriostasis 754:774 strong bacteriostasis 754:774 The as-prepared microspheres exhibited strong bacteriostasis and fresh-keeping function depending on cross-linking agent concentration. 31196544 6 44 theme induced 965:971 arg1 area 998:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 induced varying specific surface area 965:1001 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 2 45 theme current 245:251 arg1 work 253:256 the current work 241:256 the current work 241:256 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 7 46 theme size 1141:1144 arg1 candidate 1171:1179 a promising candidate 1159:1179 a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications 1159:1245 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 7 46 theme size 1141:1144 arg1 CAgMs 1146:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 small size CAgMs 1135:1150 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 1 47 theme chitosan/silver 138:152 arg1 size 197:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 0 48 theme composite 66:74 arg1 microsphere 76:86 composite microsphere 66:86 composite microsphere 66:86 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere and its antimicrobial performance. 31196544 1 49 theme CAgMs 190:194 arg1 size 197:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 1 50 theme nanoparticle 154:165 arg1 size 197:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 2 51 with CAgMs 293:297 arg1 size 317:320 controllable size 304:320 controllable size 304:320 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 1 52 theme composite 167:175 arg1 size 197:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 7 53 theme current 1040:1046 arg1 work 1048:1051 Our current work 1036:1051 Our current work 1036:1051 Our current work highlights the size-controllable preparation of CAgMs, and based on our findings, small size CAgMs can be a promising candidate in the field of antibacterial and fruit preservation applications. 31196544 5 54 theme fresh-keeping 780:792 arg1 function 794:801 fresh-keeping function 780:801 fresh-keeping function 780:801 The as-prepared microspheres exhibited strong bacteriostasis and fresh-keeping function depending on cross-linking agent concentration. 31196544 6 55 theme killing 944:950 arg1 ability 952:958 killing ability 944:958 killing ability 944:958 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 1 56 theme microsphere 177:187 arg1 size 197:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size 138:200 The control of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere (CAgMs) size is crucial for tuning its function. 31196544 4 57 theme transition 656:665 arg1 temperature 667:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 more heightened glass transition temperature 634:677 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 2 58 theme organically-modified 272:291 arg1 CAgMs 293:297 monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs 259:297 monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size 259:320 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 6 59 from difference 901:910 arg1 ability 952:958 killing ability 944:958 killing ability 944:958 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 6 59 from difference 901:910 arg1 adsorption 929:938 microorganism adsorption 915:938 microorganism adsorption 915:938 The phenomenon is believed to be derived from the difference in microorganism adsorption and killing ability from induced varying specific surface area and encapsulated silver content. 31196544 4 60 theme stronger 683:690 arg1 network 706:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 stronger hydrogen bond network 683:712 Through physical and thermodynamic analysis, we found the cross-linking agent-induced smaller size, higher silver concentration, more heightened glass transition temperature and stronger hydrogen bond network. 31196544 2 61 theme monodisperse 259:270 arg1 CAgMs 293:297 monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs 259:297 monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size 259:320 In the current work, monodisperse organically-modified CAgMs with controllable size were synthesized using a two-step method. 31196544 0 62 theme size-controllable 4:20 arg1 preparation 22:32 The size-controllable preparation 0:32 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver 0:51 The size-controllable preparation of chitosan/silver nanoparticle composite microsphere and its antimicrobial performance. 31955780 0 0 theme enzyme 88:93 arg1 combinations 95:106 commercial enzyme combinations 77:106 commercial enzyme combinations 77:106 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 7 1 theme endo-1,4-xylanase 1502:1518 arg1 mixture 1520:1526 the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture 1498:1526 the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture 1498:1526 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 2 2 theme liquid 638:643 arg1 acid 665:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 4 3 theme capillary 925:933 arg1 electrophoresis 935:949 capillary electrophoresis 925:949 capillary electrophoresis 925:949 The xylooligosaccharides (XOS) released by hydrolysis were analyzed via capillary electrophoresis and quantified with HPAEC-PAD. 31955780 7 4 theme enzymatic 1673:1681 arg1 cost 1683:1686 enzymatic cost 1673:1686 enzymatic cost 1673:1686 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 GH51 769:772 GH51 769:772 GH51 769:772 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 Novozyme® 729:737 Novozyme® 729:737 Novozyme® 729:737 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 Megazyme® 776:784 Megazyme® 776:784 Megazyme® 776:784 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 enzymes 693:699 enzymes 693:699 enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) 693:785 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 endo-1,4-xylanase 701:717 endo-1,4-xylanase 701:717 endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) 701:738 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 5 dep enzymes 693:699 arg1 α-L-arabinofuranosidase 744:766 α-L-arabinofuranosidase 744:766 α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) 744:785 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 0 6 theme commercial 77:86 arg1 combinations 95:106 commercial enzyme combinations 77:106 commercial enzyme combinations 77:106 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 5 7 theme higher 1150:1155 arg1 concentration 1172:1184 higher xylobiose (X2) concentration 1150:1184 higher xylobiose (X2) concentration 1150:1184 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 1 8 from applications 363:374 arg1 food 383:386 food 383:386 food 383:386 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 8 from applications 363:374 arg1 industry 407:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 7 9 theme dilute 1605:1610 arg1 acid 1621:1624 dilute sulfuric acid 1605:1624 dilute sulfuric acid 1605:1624 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 6 10 theme enzymatic 1313:1321 arg1 hydrolysis 1323:1332 enzymatic hydrolysis 1313:1332 enzymatic hydrolysis 1313:1332 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 5 11 theme xylobiose 1157:1165 arg1 concentration 1172:1184 higher xylobiose (X2) concentration 1150:1184 higher xylobiose (X2) concentration 1150:1184 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 1 12 from benefits 342:349 arg1 food 383:386 food 383:386 food 383:386 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 12 from benefits 342:349 arg1 industry 407:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 6 13 from requirement 1268:1278 arg1 hydrolysis 1323:1332 enzymatic hydrolysis 1313:1332 enzymatic hydrolysis 1313:1332 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 1 14 theme probiotics 304:313 arg1 growth 294:299 the growth 290:299 the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry 290:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 0 15 theme combinations 95:106 arg1 Effects 66:72 Effects 66:72 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 0:173 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 1 16 theme pharmaceutical 392:405 arg1 industry 407:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 pharmaceutical industry 392:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 6 17 theme enzyme 1289:1294 arg1 concentration 1296:1308 lower enzyme concentration 1283:1308 lower enzyme concentration 1283:1308 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 6 18 with biomass 1356:1362 arg1 content 1382:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 6 19 with pretreatment 1222:1233 arg1 liquid 1249:1254 liquid 1249:1254 liquid 1249:1254 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 20 theme polymerization 546:559 arg1 degree 561:566 a 2-6 polymerization degree 540:566 a 2-6 polymerization degree 540:566 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 0 21 from mixture 57:63 arg1 production 21:30 Xylooligosaccharides production 0:30 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 0:173 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 6 22 theme lower 1283:1287 arg1 concentration 1296:1308 lower enzyme concentration 1283:1308 lower enzyme concentration 1283:1308 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 23 theme study 439:443 arg1 objective 421:429 The objective 417:429 The objective of this study 417:443 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 0 24 theme bagasse/straw 111:123 arg1 hydrolysis 125:134 bagasse/straw hydrolysis 111:134 bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies 111:172 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 5 25 theme MBX 1130:1132 arg1 hydrolisis 1116:1125 the hydrolisis 1112:1125 the hydrolisis 1112:1125 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 2 26 theme sulfuric 656:663 arg1 acid 665:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 27 theme commercial 482:491 arg1 hemicellulases 493:506 commercial hemicellulases 482:506 commercial hemicellulases 482:506 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 28 theme hemicellulases 493:506 arg1 concentration 465:477 the concentration 461:477 the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS 461:532 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 29 theme XOS 530:532 arg1 production 516:525 the production 512:525 the production of XOS 512:532 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 30 theme diluted 648:654 arg1 acid 665:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 7 31 theme optimum 1473:1479 arg1 concentration 1481:1493 the optimum concentration 1469:1493 the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture 1469:1526 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 1 32 theme non-digestible 206:219 arg1 Xylooligosaccharides 175:194 Xylooligosaccharides 175:194 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) 175:200 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 32 theme non-digestible 206:219 arg1 ingredients 226:236 non-digestible food ingredients 206:236 non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry 206:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 0 33 theme Xylooligosaccharides 0:19 arg1 production 21:30 Xylooligosaccharides production 0:30 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 0:173 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 1 34 dep food 383:386 arg1 the 379:381 the 379:381 the 379:381 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 35 theme food 221:224 arg1 Xylooligosaccharides 175:194 Xylooligosaccharides 175:194 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) 175:200 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 35 theme food 221:224 arg1 ingredients 226:236 non-digestible food ingredients 206:236 non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry 206:414 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 5 36 theme pretreated 1034:1043 arg1 mixture 1063:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture 1030:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) 1030:1076 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 5 36 theme pretreated 1034:1043 arg1 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 6 37 theme lignin 1375:1380 arg1 content 1382:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 5 38 theme XOS 986:988 arg1 similar 1082:1088 similar 1082:1088 similar 1082:1088 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 5 38 theme XOS 986:988 arg1 profile 990:996 The XOS profile 982:996 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) 982:1076 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 1 39 theme many 330:333 arg1 benefits 342:349 many health benefits 330:349 many health benefits 330:349 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 0 40 theme biomass 49:55 arg1 mixture 57:63 a sugarcane biomass mixture 37:63 a sugarcane biomass mixture 37:63 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 1 41 theme health 335:340 arg1 benefits 342:349 many health benefits 330:349 many health benefits 330:349 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 1 42 with ingredients 226:236 arg1 properties 253:262 prebiotic properties 243:262 prebiotic properties 243:262 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 5 43 theme biomass 1055:1061 arg1 mixture 1063:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture 1030:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) 1030:1076 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 5 43 theme biomass 1055:1061 arg1 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 1 44 theme prebiotic 243:251 arg1 properties 253:262 prebiotic properties 243:262 prebiotic properties 243:262 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 0 45 theme sugarcane 39:47 arg1 mixture 57:63 a sugarcane biomass mixture 37:63 a sugarcane biomass mixture 37:63 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 6 46 theme dilute 1417:1422 arg1 acid 1433:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 0 47 theme different 153:161 arg1 strategies 163:172 different strategies 153:172 different strategies 153:172 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 5 48 theme mixture 1063:1069 arg1 hydrolisis 1016:1025 the hydrolisis 1012:1025 the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) 1012:1076 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 2 49 theme 2-6 542:544 arg1 polymerization 546:559 polymerization 546:559 polymerization 546:559 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 3 50 theme central 810:816 arg1 design 838:843 a central composite rotatable design 808:843 a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) 808:850 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 50 theme central 810:816 arg1 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 2 51 theme straw 610:614 arg1 mixture 577:583 a mixture 575:583 a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 575:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 0 52 from Effects 66:72 arg1 hydrolysis 125:134 bagasse/straw hydrolysis 111:134 bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies 111:172 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 6 53 with pretreatment 1399:1410 arg1 acid 1433:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 1 54 theme several 355:361 arg1 applications 363:374 several applications 355:374 several applications 355:374 Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are non-digestible food ingredients with prebiotic properties for selectively promoting the growth of probiotics, which provide many health benefits and several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. 31955780 6 55 theme lower 1369:1373 arg1 content 1382:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 lower lignin content 1369:1388 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 7 56 theme similar 1539:1545 arg1 values 1547:1552 similar values 1539:1552 similar values 1539:1552 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 6 57 theme concentration 1296:1308 arg1 requirement 1268:1278 the requirement 1264:1278 the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid 1264:1436 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 7 58 theme mixture 1520:1526 arg1 concentration 1481:1493 the optimum concentration 1469:1493 the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture 1469:1526 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 7 59 dep 20 1457:1458 arg1 to 1454:1455 to 1454:1455 to 1454:1455 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 2 60 theme ionic 632:636 arg1 acid 665:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 632:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 2 61 theme sugarcane 588:596 arg1 mixture 577:583 a mixture 575:583 a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid 575:668 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 3 62 theme enzymes 693:699 arg1 concentrations 675:688 The concentrations 671:688 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) 671:785 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 7 63 theme possible 1642:1649 arg1 alternative 1651:1661 a possible alternative 1640:1661 a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost 1640:1686 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 6 64 theme sulfuric 1424:1431 arg1 acid 1433:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 dilute sulfuric acid 1417:1436 Our results also demonstrated that pretreatment with an ionic liquid favored the requirement of lower enzyme concentration in enzymatic hydrolysis for having provided a biomass with lower lignin content than the pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid. 31955780 0 65 dep production 21:30 arg1 Effects 66:72 Effects 66:72 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 0:173 Xylooligosaccharides production from a sugarcane biomass mixture: Effects of commercial enzyme combinations on bagasse/straw hydrolysis pretreated using different strategies. 31955780 3 66 theme composite 818:826 arg1 design 838:843 a central composite rotatable design 808:843 a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) 808:850 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 66 theme composite 818:826 arg1 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 2 67 dep sugarcane 588:596 arg1 bagasse 598:604 bagasse 598:604 bagasse 598:604 The objective of this study was to optimize the concentration of commercial hemicellulases for the production of XOS, with a 2-6 polymerization degree, using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and straw pretreated with ionic liquid or diluted sulfuric acid. 31955780 5 68 theme sugarcane 1045:1053 arg1 mixture 1063:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture 1030:1069 the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) 1030:1076 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 5 68 theme sugarcane 1045:1053 arg1 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 MPSA 1072:1075 The XOS profile obtained from the hydrolisis of the pretreated sugarcane biomass mixture (MPSA) was similar to that obtained with the hydrolisis of MBX, which provided higher xylobiose (X2) concentration. 31955780 7 69 theme sulfuric 1612:1619 arg1 acid 1621:1624 dilute sulfuric acid 1605:1624 dilute sulfuric acid 1605:1624 It required up to 20% less of the optimum concentration of the endo-1,4-xylanase mixture to achieve similar values to those obtained with the biomass pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid, representing a possible alternative to reduce enzymatic cost. 31955780 3 70 theme rotatable 828:836 arg1 design 838:843 a central composite rotatable design 808:843 a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) 808:850 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 31955780 3 70 theme rotatable 828:836 arg1 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 CCRD 846:849 The concentrations of enzymes endo-1,4-xylanase (NS50030, Novozyme®) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (GH51) (Megazyme®) were optimized using a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). 29728958 2 0 from Cry1Ab 402:407 arg1 leaves 421:426 leaves 421:426 leaves 421:426 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 0 from Cry1Ab 402:407 arg1 tubers 446:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 4 1 theme palmitic 777:784 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 1 theme palmitic 777:784 arg1 acids 815:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 2 2 from expression 388:397 arg1 leaves 421:426 leaves 421:426 leaves 421:426 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 2 from expression 388:397 arg1 tubers 446:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 3 theme light 319:323 arg1 carboxylase 365:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 3 theme light 319:323 arg1 promoter 335:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 3 4 theme glycoalkaloids 634:647 arg1 contents 649:656 glycoalkaloids contents 634:656 glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP 634:670 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 5 5 from contents 948:955 arg1 tubers 974:979 light-treated tubers 960:979 light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 960:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 2 6 dep leaves 421:426 arg1 the 417:419 the 417:419 the 417:419 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 3 7 theme significant 468:478 arg1 differences 480:490 No significant differences 465:490 No significant differences 465:490 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 1 8 theme Phthorimaea 223:233 arg1 moth 217:220 potato tuber moth 204:220 potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 204:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 1 8 theme Phthorimaea 223:233 arg1 operculella 235:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 4 9 theme stearic 787:793 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 9 theme stearic 787:793 arg1 acids 815:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 7 10 theme NTP 1325:1327 arg1 counterparts 1329:1340 the NTP counterparts 1321:1340 the NTP counterparts 1321:1340 In conclusion, the results indicated that the TPs were substantially and nutritionally equivalent to the NTP counterparts. 29728958 1 11 dep non-transgenic 280:293 arg1 NTP 296:298 NTP 296:298 NTP 296:298 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 6 12 theme metabolic 1069:1077 arg1 changes 1079:1085 marked metabolic changes 1062:1085 marked metabolic changes 1062:1085 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 2 13 from leaves 421:426 arg1 expression 388:397 the expression 384:397 the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs 384:462 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 4 14 theme light 683:687 arg1 treatment 689:697 light treatment 683:697 light treatment 683:697 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 2 15 theme phosphoenolpyruvate 345:363 arg1 carboxylase 365:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 15 theme phosphoenolpyruvate 345:363 arg1 promoter 335:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 4 16 theme TP 866:867 arg1 tubers 877:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 2 17 from tubers 446:451 arg1 expression 388:397 the expression 384:397 the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs 384:462 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 4 18 theme acetate 749:755 arg1 contents 726:733 the contents 722:733 the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers 722:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 5 19 located observed 921:928 arg1 contents 948:955 the amino acid contents 933:955 the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 933:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 5 19 located observed 921:928 arg2 differences 904:914 significant differences 892:914 significant differences 892:914 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 6 20 located observed 1107:1114 arg1 compositions 1135:1146 the metabolites compositions 1119:1146 the metabolites compositions 1119:1146 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 6 20 located observed 1107:1114 arg2 variations 1096:1105 all the variations 1088:1105 all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions 1088:1146 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 0 21 theme compositional 12:24 arg1 analysis 26:33 Comparative compositional analysis 0:33 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) 0:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 6 22 theme desired 1176:1182 arg1 ranges 1194:1199 the desired reference ranges 1172:1199 the desired reference ranges for potato plants 1172:1217 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 4 23 theme anions 769:774 arg1 contents 726:733 the contents 722:733 the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers 722:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 6 24 theme reference 1184:1192 arg1 ranges 1194:1199 the desired reference ranges 1172:1199 the desired reference ranges for potato plants 1172:1217 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 5 25 theme NTP 997:999 arg1 ones 1001:1004 the NTP ones 993:1004 the NTP ones 993:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 1 26 theme transgenic 165:174 arg1 TPs 186:188 transgenic potatoes (TPs) 165:189 transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 165:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 0 27 theme Comparative 0:10 arg1 analysis 26:33 Comparative compositional analysis 0:33 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) 0:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 4 28 theme nitrite 761:767 arg1 acids 815:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 28 theme nitrite 761:767 arg1 glycoalkaloids 848:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 28 theme nitrite 761:767 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 3 29 theme dry 525:527 arg1 weight 529:534 dry weight 525:534 dry weight 525:534 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 1 30 theme potatoes 176:183 arg1 TPs 186:188 transgenic potatoes (TPs) 165:189 transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 165:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 contents 649:656 glycoalkaloids contents 634:656 glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP 634:670 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 protein 551:557 total soluble protein 537:557 total soluble protein 537:557 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 acids 623:627 fatty acids 617:627 fatty acids 617:627 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 weight 529:534 dry weight 525:534 dry weight 525:534 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 moisture 510:517 the moisture 506:517 the moisture 506:517 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 31 theme NTP 668:670 arg1 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 4 32 theme α-haconine 822:831 arg1 glycoalkaloids 848:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 32 theme α-haconine 822:831 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 5 33 theme amino 937:941 arg1 contents 948:955 the amino acid contents 933:955 the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 933:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 6 34 theme potato 1036:1041 arg1 tubers 1043:1048 potato tubers 1036:1048 potato tubers 1036:1048 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 6 35 theme metabolites 1123:1133 arg1 compositions 1135:1146 the metabolites compositions 1119:1146 the metabolites compositions 1119:1146 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 2 36 theme Cry1Ab 402:407 arg1 expression 388:397 the expression 384:397 the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs 384:462 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 0 37 theme non-transformed 101:115 arg1 counterpart 117:127 its non-transformed counterpart 97:127 its non-transformed counterpart 97:127 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 1 38 theme TPs 186:188 arg1 compositions 149:160 the compositions 145:160 the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 145:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 0 39 theme potato 49:54 arg1 analysis 26:33 Comparative compositional analysis 0:33 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) 0:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 0 39 theme potato 49:54 arg1 counterpart 117:127 its non-transformed counterpart 97:127 its non-transformed counterpart 97:127 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 contents 649:656 glycoalkaloids contents 634:656 glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP 634:670 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 protein 551:557 total soluble protein 537:557 total soluble protein 537:557 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 acids 623:627 fatty acids 617:627 fatty acids 617:627 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 weight 529:534 dry weight 525:534 dry weight 525:534 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 moisture 510:517 the moisture 506:517 the moisture 506:517 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 40 theme TP 661:662 arg1 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 4 41 theme α-solanine 837:846 arg1 glycoalkaloids 848:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids 822:861 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 41 theme α-solanine 837:846 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 3 42 theme total 537:541 arg1 protein 551:557 total soluble protein 537:557 total soluble protein 537:557 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 starch 574:579 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 contents 649:656 glycoalkaloids contents 634:656 glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP 634:670 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 fiber 582:586 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 ash 520:522 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 anions 609:614 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 protein 551:557 total soluble protein 537:557 total soluble protein 537:557 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg2 differences 480:490 No significant differences 465:490 No significant differences 465:490 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 carbohydrate 560:571 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 ascorbate 589:597 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 weight 529:534 dry weight 525:534 dry weight 525:534 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 moisture 510:517 the moisture 506:517 the moisture 506:517 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 43 located found 497:501 arg1 acids 623:627 fatty acids 617:627 fatty acids 617:627 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 2 44 theme light-treated 432:444 arg1 tubers 446:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 light-treated tubers 432:451 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 0 45 theme transgenic 38:47 arg1 potato 49:54 transgenic potato 38:54 transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) 38:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 5 46 theme TPs 984:986 arg1 tubers 974:979 light-treated tubers 960:979 light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 960:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 3 47 theme soluble 543:549 arg1 protein 551:557 total soluble protein 537:557 total soluble protein 537:557 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 1 48 theme resistant 191:199 arg1 TPs 186:188 transgenic potatoes (TPs) 165:189 transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 165:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 4 49 theme linolenic 799:807 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 49 theme linolenic 799:807 arg1 acids 815:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 50 theme NTP 873:875 arg1 tubers 877:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 0 51 theme resistant 56:64 arg1 potato 49:54 transgenic potato 38:54 transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) 38:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 1 52 theme non-transgenic 280:293 arg1 counterparts 301:312 its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts 276:312 its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts 276:312 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 5 53 theme acid 943:946 arg1 contents 948:955 the amino acid contents 933:955 the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 933:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 4 54 theme ascorbate 738:746 arg1 contents 726:733 the contents 722:733 the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers 722:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 6 55 from treatment 1023:1031 arg1 tubers 1043:1048 potato tubers 1036:1048 potato tubers 1036:1048 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 6 56 theme light 1017:1021 arg1 treatment 1023:1031 light treatment 1017:1031 light treatment in potato tubers 1017:1048 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 6 57 theme potato 1205:1210 arg1 plants 1212:1217 potato plants 1205:1217 potato plants 1205:1217 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 4 58 from contents 726:733 arg1 tubers 877:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 TP and NTP tubers 866:882 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 59 theme fatty 809:813 arg1 anions 769:774 nitrite anions 761:774 nitrite anions 761:774 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 4 59 theme fatty 809:813 arg1 acids 815:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids 777:819 Moreover, light treatment significantly affected the contents of ascorbate, acetate and nitrite anions, palmitic, stearic and linolenic fatty acids, α-haconine and α-solanine glycoalkaloids in TP and NTP tubers. 29728958 5 60 theme significant 892:902 arg1 differences 904:914 significant differences 892:914 significant differences 892:914 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 1 61 theme potato 204:209 arg1 moth 217:220 potato tuber moth 204:220 potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 204:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 1 61 theme potato 204:209 arg1 operculella 235:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 0 62 theme tuber 76:80 arg1 moth 82:85 potato tuber moth 69:85 potato tuber moth (PTM) 69:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 0 62 theme tuber 76:80 arg1 PTM 88:90 PTM 88:90 PTM 88:90 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 5 63 theme light-treated 960:972 arg1 tubers 974:979 light-treated tubers 960:979 light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones 960:1004 While, significant differences were observed in the amino acid contents in light-treated tubers of TPs than the NTP ones. 29728958 6 64 theme marked 1062:1067 arg1 changes 1079:1085 marked metabolic changes 1062:1085 marked metabolic changes 1062:1085 Although, light treatment in potato tubers resulted in marked metabolic changes, all the variations observed in the metabolites compositions were found to be within the desired reference ranges for potato plants. 29728958 1 65 theme tuber 211:215 arg1 moth 217:220 potato tuber moth 204:220 potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) 204:246 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 1 65 theme tuber 211:215 arg1 operculella 235:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 Phthorimaea operculella 223:245 In this study, the compositions of transgenic potatoes (TPs) resistant to potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) were compared with those of its non-transgenic (NTP) counterparts. 29728958 0 66 theme potato 69:74 arg1 moth 82:85 potato tuber moth 69:85 potato tuber moth (PTM) 69:91 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 0 66 theme potato 69:74 arg1 PTM 88:90 PTM 88:90 PTM 88:90 Comparative compositional analysis of transgenic potato resistant to potato tuber moth (PTM) and its non-transformed counterpart. 29728958 3 67 theme fatty 617:621 arg1 acids 623:627 fatty acids 617:627 fatty acids 617:627 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 3 67 theme fatty 617:621 arg1 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 cations 600:606 No significant differences were found in the moisture, ash, dry weight, total soluble protein, carbohydrate, starch, fiber, ascorbate, cations, anions, fatty acids, and glycoalkaloids contents of TP and NTP. 29728958 2 68 theme inducible 325:333 arg1 carboxylase 365:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 345:375 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29728958 2 68 theme inducible 325:333 arg1 promoter 335:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter 315:342 The light inducible promoter, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase led to the expression of Cry1Ab only in the leaves and light-treated tubers of the TPs. 29986126 0 0 theme Wound 89:93 arg1 Healing 95:101 Burn Wound Healing 84:101 Burn Wound Healing 84:101 Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Dynamic Covalent Bonding and Micellization for Promoting Burn Wound Healing. 29986126 4 1 theme -2,5-diphenyl 722:734 arg1 bromide 748:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide 693:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests 693:760 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 2 theme bromide 748:754 arg1 tests 756:760 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests 693:760 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests 693:760 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 0 3 theme Burn 84:87 arg1 Healing 95:101 Burn Wound Healing 84:101 Burn Wound Healing 84:101 Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Dynamic Covalent Bonding and Micellization for Promoting Burn Wound Healing. 29986126 4 4 theme tetrazolium 736:746 arg1 bromide 748:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide 693:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests 693:760 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 5 dep cytocompatibility 653:669 arg1 assay 808:812 kit 8 assay 802:812 kit 8 assay 802:812 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 3 6 theme tissue 584:589 arg1 adhesion 591:598 tissue adhesion 584:598 tissue adhesion 584:598 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 2 7 with hydrogel 298:305 arg1 networks 384:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 4 8 theme kit 802:804 arg1 assay 808:812 kit 8 assay 802:812 kit 8 assay 802:812 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 5 9 theme burn 985:988 arg1 repair 996:1001 burn wound repair 985:1001 burn wound repair 985:1001 After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. 29986126 4 10 theme 4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl 696:720 arg1 bromide 748:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide 693:754 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests 693:760 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 2 11 theme gelation 409:416 arg1 properties 437:446 rapid gelation and shear thinning properties 403:446 rapid gelation and shear thinning properties 403:446 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 2 12 link double-cross-linked 364:382 arg1 networks 384:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 1 13 theme modified 172:179 arg1 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 13 theme modified 172:179 arg1 acid 192:195 modified hyaluronic acid 172:195 modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) 172:202 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 5 14 theme wound 990:994 arg1 repair 996:1001 burn wound repair 985:1001 burn wound repair 985:1001 After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. 29986126 1 15 theme hyaluronic 181:190 arg1 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 15 theme hyaluronic 181:190 arg1 acid 192:195 modified hyaluronic acid 172:195 modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) 172:202 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 5 16 theme deep 900:903 arg1 model 928:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. 29986126 5 17 theme partial-thickness 905:921 arg1 model 928:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. 29986126 6 18 theme burn 1131:1134 arg1 healing 1142:1148 burn wound healing 1131:1148 burn wound healing 1131:1148 Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing. 29986126 0 19 theme Dynamic 27:33 arg1 Bonding 44:50 Dynamic Covalent Bonding 27:50 Dynamic Covalent Bonding 27:50 Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Dynamic Covalent Bonding and Micellization for Promoting Burn Wound Healing. 29986126 6 20 theme HA-az-F127 1019:1028 arg1 hydrogel 1030:1037 the HA-az-F127 hydrogel 1015:1037 the HA-az-F127 hydrogel 1015:1037 Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 liquid-absorption 549:565 liquid-absorption 549:565 liquid-absorption 549:565 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 functions 481:489 functions 481:489 functions 481:489 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 drainage 571:578 drainage 571:578 drainage 571:578 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 strength 521:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 self-healability 531:546 self-healability 531:546 self-healability 531:546 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg1 hydrogel 462:469 the hydrogel 458:469 the hydrogel 458:469 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 3 21 contain possessed 471:479 arg2 adhesion 591:598 tissue adhesion 584:598 tissue adhesion 584:598 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 1 22 theme novel 106:110 arg1 hydrogel 112:119 A novel hydrogel 104:119 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) 104:264 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 22 theme novel 106:110 arg1 hydrogel 133:140 HA-az-F127 hydrogel 122:140 HA-az-F127 hydrogel 122:140 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 2 23 theme thinning 428:435 arg1 properties 437:446 rapid gelation and shear thinning properties 403:446 rapid gelation and shear thinning properties 403:446 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 3 24 theme mechanical 510:519 arg1 strength 521:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 2 25 theme shear 422:426 arg1 thinning 428:435 shear thinning 422:435 shear thinning 422:435 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 0 26 theme Covalent 35:42 arg1 Bonding 44:50 Dynamic Covalent Bonding 27:50 Dynamic Covalent Bonding 27:50 Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Dynamic Covalent Bonding and Micellization for Promoting Burn Wound Healing. 29986126 5 27 theme burn 923:926 arg1 model 928:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 the deep partial-thickness burn model 896:932 After it was applied in the deep partial-thickness burn model, the hydrogel contributed effectively in promoting burn wound repair. 29986126 4 28 theme hydrogels 861:869 arg1 biocompatibility 837:852 excellent biocompatibility 827:852 excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels 827:869 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 6 29 theme wound 1136:1140 arg1 healing 1142:1148 burn wound healing 1131:1148 burn wound healing 1131:1148 Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing. 29986126 1 30 dep hydrazide 162:170 arg1 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 HAAD 198:201 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 30 dep hydrazide 162:170 arg1 acid 192:195 modified hyaluronic acid 172:195 modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) 172:202 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 3 31 theme adaptable 500:508 arg1 strength 521:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 adaptable mechanical strength 500:528 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 2 32 theme covalent 320:327 arg1 networks 384:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 2 33 theme dynamic 312:318 arg1 networks 384:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 1 34 theme benzaldehyde 208:219 arg1 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 34 theme benzaldehyde 208:219 arg1 copolymers 246:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers 208:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) 208:264 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 4 35 theme excellent 827:835 arg1 biocompatibility 837:852 excellent biocompatibility 827:852 excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels 827:869 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 36 theme cell 788:791 arg1 counting 793:800 cell counting 788:800 cell counting 788:800 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 37 theme live/death 763:772 arg1 staining 774:781 live/death staining 763:781 live/death staining 763:781 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 1 38 theme terminated 221:230 arg1 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 38 theme terminated 221:230 arg1 copolymers 246:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers 208:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) 208:264 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 4 39 from Studies 642:648 arg1 histopathology 675:688 histopathology 675:688 histopathology 675:688 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 39 from Studies 642:648 arg1 cytocompatibility 653:669 cytocompatibility 653:669 cytocompatibility 653:669 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 39 from Studies 642:648 arg1 counting 793:800 cell counting 788:800 cell counting 788:800 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 4 39 from Studies 642:648 arg1 staining 774:781 live/death staining 763:781 live/death staining 763:781 Studies on cytocompatibility and histopathology by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide tests, live/death staining, and cell counting kit 8 assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the hydrogels. 29986126 6 40 theme potential 1096:1104 arg1 application 1106:1116 potential application 1096:1116 potential application in promoting burn wound healing 1096:1148 Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing. 29986126 3 41 theme wound 625:629 arg1 treatment 631:639 wound treatment 625:639 wound treatment 625:639 Besides, the hydrogel possessed functions, such as adaptable mechanical strength, self-healability, liquid-absorption, or drainage and tissue adhesion, which are important for wound treatment. 29986126 2 42 theme double-cross-linked 364:382 arg1 networks 384:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks 312:391 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 2 43 theme rapid 403:407 arg1 gelation 409:416 rapid gelation 403:416 rapid gelation 403:416 The hydrogel with dynamic covalent chemically and micellar physically double-cross-linked networks exhibited rapid gelation and shear thinning properties. 29986126 1 44 theme F127 232:235 arg1 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 44 theme F127 232:235 arg1 copolymers 246:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers 208:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) 208:264 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 6 45 theme multiple 1048:1055 arg1 functions 1057:1065 multiple functions 1048:1065 multiple functions 1048:1065 Therefore, the HA-az-F127 hydrogel combined multiple functions in one system, demonstrating potential application in promoting burn wound healing. 29986126 1 46 theme triblock 237:244 arg1 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 BAF127 258:263 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 29986126 1 46 theme triblock 237:244 arg1 copolymers 246:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers 208:255 benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) 208:264 A novel hydrogel (HA-az-F127 hydrogel) formed by reacting hydrazide modified hyaluronic acid (HAAD) and benzaldehyde terminated F127 triblock copolymers (BAF127) was developed in this work. 31000032 0 0 theme molecular 71:79 arg1 weight 81:86 low molecular weight 67:86 low molecular weight 67:86 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 2 1 theme cyclitols 539:547 arg1 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 1 theme cyclitols 539:547 arg1 identification 465:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 4 2 theme different 683:691 arg1 n = 10 702:707 n = 10 702:707 n = 10 702:707 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) were evaluated to explore differences based on origin. 31000032 4 2 theme different 683:691 arg1 origins 693:699 different origins 683:699 different origins (n = 10) 683:708 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) were evaluated to explore differences based on origin. 31000032 0 3 theme low 67:69 arg1 weight 81:86 low molecular weight 67:86 low molecular weight 67:86 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 1 4 theme antioxidant 317:327 arg1 capacity 329:336 antioxidant capacity 317:336 antioxidant capacity 317:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 5 theme commercial 168:177 arg1 CGT 190:192 CGT 190:192 CGT 190:192 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 5 theme commercial 168:177 arg1 tea 185:187 commercial green tea 168:187 commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 168:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 6 theme low 248:250 arg1 weight 262:267 low molecular weight 248:267 low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC) 248:288 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 7 theme molecular 252:260 arg1 weight 262:267 low molecular weight 248:267 low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC) 248:288 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 0 8 theme weight 81:86 arg1 analysis 55:62 the analysis 51:62 the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators 51:129 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 6 9 theme CGT 1074:1076 arg1 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 6 9 theme CGT 1074:1076 arg1 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 1 10 theme weight 262:267 arg1 LMWC 284:287 LMWC 284:287 LMWC 284:287 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 10 theme weight 262:267 arg1 carbohydrates 269:281 low molecular weight carbohydrates 248:281 low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC) 248:288 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 0 11 theme other 106:110 arg1 indicators 120:129 other quality indicators 106:129 other quality indicators 106:129 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 2 12 theme oligosaccharides 518:533 arg1 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 12 theme oligosaccharides 518:533 arg1 identification 465:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 1 13 theme green 179:183 arg1 CGT 190:192 CGT 190:192 CGT 190:192 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 13 theme green 179:183 arg1 tea 185:187 commercial green tea 168:187 commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 168:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 6 14 theme better 972:977 arg1 knowledge 979:987 a better knowledge 970:987 a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers 970:1123 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 0 15 dep weight 81:86 arg1 carbohydrates 88:100 carbohydrates 88:100 carbohydrates 88:100 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 1 16 theme tea 185:187 arg1 characterization 148:163 A comprehensive characterization 132:163 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 132:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 5 17 theme commercial 778:787 arg1 samples 789:795 commercial samples 778:795 commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming 778:832 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 2 18 theme simultaneous 452:463 arg1 identification 465:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 6 19 from origin 1021:1026 arg1 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 6 19 from origin 1021:1026 arg1 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 2 20 located observed 549:556 arg1 tea 567:569 green tea 561:569 green tea 561:569 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 20 located observed 549:556 arg2 mono- 506:510 mono- 506:510 mono- 506:510 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 5 21 theme comparative 848:858 arg1 purposes 860:867 comparative purposes 848:867 comparative purposes 848:867 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 0 22 theme green 31:35 arg1 tea 37:39 commercial green tea 20:39 commercial green tea 20:39 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 0 23 theme indicators 120:129 arg1 analysis 55:62 the analysis 51:62 the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators 51:129 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 6 24 from processing 1032:1041 arg1 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 composition 1047:1057 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 6 24 from processing 1032:1041 arg1 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 quality 1063:1069 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 6 25 theme variations 996:1005 arg1 knowledge 979:987 a better knowledge 970:987 a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers 970:1123 The results obtained contribute to gain a better knowledge of the variations, according to origin and processing, in composition and quality of CGT, commodity widely appreciated by the consumers. 31000032 0 26 theme commercial 20:29 arg1 tea 37:39 commercial green tea 20:39 commercial green tea 20:39 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 0 27 theme quality 112:118 arg1 indicators 120:129 other quality indicators 106:129 other quality indicators 106:129 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 5 28 used used 839:842 arg2 samples 789:795 commercial samples 778:795 commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming 778:832 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 0 29 theme tea 37:39 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of commercial green tea 0:39 Characterization of commercial green tea leaves by the analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrates and other quality indicators. 31000032 2 30 theme di- 513:515 arg1 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 30 theme di- 513:515 arg1 identification 465:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 3 31 theme key 609:611 arg1 analytes 613:620 all key analytes 605:620 all key analytes 605:620 The method covers all key analytes in a single chromatographic analysis. 31000032 2 32 theme HILIC-MS 413:420 arg1 method 422:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 1 33 theme soluble 291:297 arg1 solids 299:304 soluble solids 291:304 soluble solids 291:304 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 2 34 dep identification 465:478 arg1 a 450:450 a 450:450 a 450:450 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 35 theme suitable 430:437 arg1 method 422:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 5 36 theme putative 901:908 arg1 markers 921:927 putative processing markers 901:927 putative processing markers 901:927 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 5 37 theme processing 910:919 arg1 markers 921:927 putative processing markers 901:927 putative processing markers 901:927 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 1 38 with tea 185:187 arg1 employment 204:213 the employment 200:213 the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 200:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 3 39 theme single 627:632 arg1 analysis 650:657 a single chromatographic analysis 625:657 a single chromatographic analysis 625:657 The method covers all key analytes in a single chromatographic analysis. 31000032 5 40 theme markers 921:927 arg1 identification 883:896 the identification 879:896 the identification of putative processing markers 879:927 In addition, commercial samples processed by pan-firing and steaming were used for comparative purposes, allowing the identification of putative processing markers. 31000032 1 41 theme independent 218:228 arg1 variables 230:238 independent variables 218:238 independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 218:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 41 theme independent 218:228 arg1 carbohydrates 269:281 low molecular weight carbohydrates 248:281 low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC) 248:288 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 41 theme independent 218:228 arg1 capacity 329:336 antioxidant capacity 317:336 antioxidant capacity 317:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 41 theme independent 218:228 arg1 solids 299:304 soluble solids 291:304 soluble solids 291:304 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 1 41 theme independent 218:228 arg1 color 307:311 color 307:311 color 307:311 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 3 42 theme chromatographic 634:648 arg1 analysis 650:657 a single chromatographic analysis 625:657 a single chromatographic analysis 625:657 The method covers all key analytes in a single chromatographic analysis. 31000032 1 43 theme comprehensive 134:146 arg1 characterization 148:163 A comprehensive characterization 132:163 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 132:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 4 44 from origins 693:699 arg1 samples 670:676 Fifty-six samples 660:676 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) 660:708 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) were evaluated to explore differences based on origin. 31000032 1 45 theme variables 230:238 arg1 employment 204:213 the employment 200:213 the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity 200:336 A comprehensive characterization of commercial green tea (CGT) with the employment of independent variables such as low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), soluble solids, color and antioxidant capacity has been performed in this manuscript. 31000032 2 46 theme convenient 402:411 arg1 method 422:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 a convenient HILIC-MS method 400:427 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 4 47 theme Fifty-six 660:668 arg1 samples 670:676 Fifty-six samples 660:676 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) 660:708 Fifty-six samples from different origins (n = 10) were evaluated to explore differences based on origin. 31000032 2 48 theme mono- 506:510 arg1 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 quantification 484:497 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 31000032 2 48 theme mono- 506:510 arg1 identification 465:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 simultaneous identification 452:478 Within the manuscript, a convenient HILIC-MS method, suitable to perform a simultaneous identification and quantification of all mono-, di-, oligosaccharides and cyclitols observed in green tea was introduced. 29889738 0 0 theme Acid 91:94 arg1 Injection 96:104 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 80:104 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 80:104 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 8 1 theme scanning 1074:1081 arg1 images 1104:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 14 2 theme suitable 1717:1724 arg1 microcannulas 1726:1738 suitable microcannulas 1717:1738 suitable microcannulas 1717:1738 The differences are instructive to physicians for selecting suitable microcannulas to improve the injection effect and reduce discomfort and complications. 29889738 1 3 theme other 165:169 arg1 injections 178:187 other filler injections 165:187 other filler injections 165:187 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 12 4 theme piercing 1453:1460 arg1 test 1462:1465 The vessel piercing test 1442:1465 The vessel piercing test 1442:1465 The vessel piercing test showed which microcannula was the most difficult and easiest to puncture the aorta. 29889738 0 5 theme Hyaluronic 80:89 arg1 Injection 96:104 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 80:104 Hyaluronic Acid Injection 80:104 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 4 6 theme different 557:565 arg1 manufacturers 567:579 different manufacturers 557:579 different manufacturers 557:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29889738 3 7 dep microstructures 393:407 arg1 the 389:391 the 389:391 the 389:391 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 9 8 theme microcannulas 1225:1237 arg1 met 1239:1241 most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials 1220:1288 met 1239:1241 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards basically. 29889738 1 9 theme filler 171:176 arg1 injections 178:187 other filler injections 165:187 other filler injections 165:187 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 10 10 theme mechanical 1315:1324 arg1 properties 1326:1335 The mechanical properties 1311:1335 The mechanical properties 1311:1335 The mechanical properties were obviously different. 29889738 10 10 theme mechanical 1315:1324 arg1 different 1352:1360 different 1352:1360 different 1352:1360 The mechanical properties were obviously different. 29889738 9 11 theme Materials 1280:1288 arg1 composition 1205:1215 The chemical composition 1192:1215 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials 1192:1288 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards basically. 29889738 5 12 theme universal 778:786 arg1 machine 796:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 8 13 theme microscopic 1092:1102 arg1 images 1104:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 9 14 theme met 1239:1241 arg1 composition 1205:1215 The chemical composition 1192:1215 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials 1192:1288 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards basically. 29889738 15 15 theme Therapeutic 1849:1859 arg1 EVIDENCE 1840:1847 EVIDENCE Therapeutic 1840:1859 EVIDENCE Therapeutic 1840:1859 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V. 29889738 5 16 theme testing 788:794 arg1 machine 796:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 4 17 theme METHODS 516:522 arg1 types 529:533 METHODS Nine types 516:533 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers 516:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29889738 8 18 theme electron 1083:1090 arg1 images 1104:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 The scanning electron microscopic images 1070:1109 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 5 19 theme microstructures 668:682 arg1 images 658:663 high-definition images 642:663 high-definition images of microstructures 642:682 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 8 20 dep RESULTS 1062:1068 arg1 showed 1111:1116 showed 1111:1116 showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics 1111:1189 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 3 21 theme study 368:372 arg1 purpose 352:358 The purpose 348:358 The purpose of this study 348:372 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 4 22 from types 529:533 arg1 manufacturers 567:579 different manufacturers 557:579 different manufacturers 557:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29889738 6 23 theme speed 861:865 arg1 test 867:870 The injection speed test 847:870 The injection speed test 847:870 The injection speed test recorded the time spent for the weight to push hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas. 29889738 4 24 from manufacturers 567:579 arg1 microcannulas 538:550 microcannulas 538:550 microcannulas from different manufacturers 538:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29889738 4 24 from manufacturers 567:579 arg1 types 529:533 METHODS Nine types 516:533 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers 516:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29889738 3 25 theme microcannulas 437:449 arg1 properties 413:422 properties 413:422 properties 413:422 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 3 25 theme microcannulas 437:449 arg1 microstructures 393:407 microstructures 393:407 microstructures 393:407 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 6 26 theme injection 851:859 arg1 test 867:870 The injection speed test 847:870 The injection speed test 847:870 The injection speed test recorded the time spent for the weight to push hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas. 29889738 5 27 theme mechanical 824:833 arg1 properties 835:844 mechanical properties 824:844 mechanical properties 824:844 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 8 28 theme tip 1122:1124 arg1 shapes 1126:1131 the tip shapes 1118:1131 the tip shapes 1118:1131 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 5 29 used used 627:630 arg2 microscopy 612:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 3 30 theme several 454:460 arg1 trials 462:467 several trials 454:467 several trials 454:467 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 14 31 theme injection 1755:1763 arg1 effect 1765:1770 the injection effect 1751:1770 the injection effect 1751:1770 The differences are instructive to physicians for selecting suitable microcannulas to improve the injection effect and reduce discomfort and complications. 29889738 5 32 used used 808:811 arg2 machine 796:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 a universal testing machine 776:802 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 7 33 theme force 977:981 arg1 test 983:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test was conducted to simulate the process of puncturing the vessels in vitro. 29889738 5 34 theme chemical 685:692 arg1 analyzers 706:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 0 35 theme Microstructures 18:32 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 0:105 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 5 36 theme tips 766:769 arg1 composition 747:757 the chemical composition 734:757 the chemical composition of the tips 734:769 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 5 37 theme high-definition 642:656 arg1 images 658:663 high-definition images 642:663 high-definition images of microstructures 642:682 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 1 38 theme BACKGROUND 107:116 arg1 Microcannulas 118:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas 107:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas 107:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 3 39 theme clinical 494:501 arg1 application 503:513 clinical application 494:513 clinical application 494:513 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 11 40 theme test 1398:1401 arg1 results 1367:1373 The results 1363:1373 The results of the injection speed test 1363:1401 The results of the injection speed test were discrepant more than seven times. 29889738 6 41 theme hyaluronic 919:928 arg1 acid 930:933 hyaluronic acid 919:933 hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas 919:954 The injection speed test recorded the time spent for the weight to push hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas. 29889738 12 42 theme vessel 1446:1451 arg1 test 1462:1465 The vessel piercing test 1442:1465 The vessel piercing test 1442:1465 The vessel piercing test showed which microcannula was the most difficult and easiest to puncture the aorta. 29889738 0 43 theme Properties 38:47 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 0:105 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 15 44 theme EVIDENCE 1840:1847 arg1 V 1862:1862 V 1862:1862 V 1862:1862 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V. 29889738 15 44 theme EVIDENCE 1840:1847 arg1 QUESTION/LEVEL 1822:1835 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL 1813:1835 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic 1813:1859 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V. 29889738 2 45 theme several 246:252 arg1 microcannulas 254:266 several microcannulas 246:266 several microcannulas 246:266 There are several microcannulas and the differences between microcannulas have not been carefully investigated. 29889738 9 46 dep met 1239:1241 arg1 Society 1256:1262 Society 1256:1262 Society 1256:1262 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards basically. 29889738 12 47 dep puncture 1531:1538 arg1 aorta 1544:1548 the aorta 1540:1548 puncture the aorta 1531:1548 The vessel piercing test showed which microcannula was the most difficult and easiest to puncture the aorta. 29889738 8 48 theme inner 1137:1141 arg1 surfaces 1143:1150 inner surfaces 1137:1150 inner surfaces 1137:1150 RESULTS The scanning electron microscopic images showed the tip shapes and inner surfaces that may relate to the characteristics. 29889738 15 49 theme CLINICAL 1813:1820 arg1 V 1862:1862 V 1862:1862 V 1862:1862 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V. 29889738 15 49 theme CLINICAL 1813:1820 arg1 QUESTION/LEVEL 1822:1835 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL 1813:1835 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic 1813:1859 CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V. 29889738 11 50 theme speed 1392:1396 arg1 test 1398:1401 the injection speed test 1378:1401 the injection speed test 1378:1401 The results of the injection speed test were discrepant more than seven times. 29889738 5 51 theme Scanning 594:601 arg1 microscopy 612:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 5 52 used used 721:724 arg2 analyzers 706:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 0 53 theme Different 52:60 arg1 Microcannulas 62:74 Different Microcannulas 52:74 Different Microcannulas 52:74 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 5 54 theme chemical 738:745 arg1 composition 747:757 the chemical composition 734:757 the chemical composition of the tips 734:769 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 5 55 theme electron 603:610 arg1 microscopy 612:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy 594:621 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 11 56 theme injection 1382:1390 arg1 test 1398:1401 the injection speed test 1378:1401 the injection speed test 1378:1401 The results of the injection speed test were discrepant more than seven times. 29889738 3 57 theme different 427:435 arg1 microcannulas 437:449 different microcannulas 427:449 different microcannulas 427:449 The purpose of this study was to compare the microstructures and properties of different microcannulas by several trials and provide guidance for clinical application. 29889738 5 58 theme composition 694:704 arg1 analyzers 706:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 chemical composition analyzers 685:714 Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain high-definition images of microstructures, chemical composition analyzers were used to test the chemical composition of the tips, and a universal testing machine was used to measure mechanical properties. 29889738 7 59 theme vessel 961:966 arg1 test 983:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test was conducted to simulate the process of puncturing the vessels in vitro. 29889738 0 60 dep Microstructures 18:32 arg1 the 14:16 the 14:16 the 14:16 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 13 61 theme different 1632:1640 arg1 microcannulas 1642:1654 different microcannulas 1632:1654 different microcannulas 1632:1654 CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that there are significant differences between different microcannulas. 29889738 1 62 used used 136:139 arg2 Microcannulas 118:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas 107:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas 107:130 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 13 63 dep CONCLUSIONS 1551:1561 arg1 indicated 1575:1583 indicated 1575:1583 indicated that there are significant differences between different microcannulas 1575:1654 CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that there are significant differences between different microcannulas. 29889738 9 64 theme chemical 1196:1203 arg1 composition 1205:1215 The chemical composition 1192:1215 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials 1192:1288 The chemical composition of most microcannulas met the American Society for Testing and Materials standards basically. 29889738 1 65 theme hyaluronic 145:154 arg1 acid 156:159 hyaluronic acid 145:159 hyaluronic acid 145:159 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 6 66 theme time 885:888 arg1 spent 890:894 the time spent 881:894 the time spent for the weight to push hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas 881:954 The injection speed test recorded the time spent for the weight to push hyaluronic acid out of microcannulas. 29889738 13 67 theme significant 1600:1610 arg1 differences 1612:1622 significant differences 1600:1622 significant differences between different microcannulas 1600:1654 CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that there are significant differences between different microcannulas. 29889738 1 68 theme side 204:207 arg1 effects 209:215 the side effects 200:215 the side effects 200:215 BACKGROUND Microcannulas are used for hyaluronic acid and other filler injections and reduce the side effects and complications. 29889738 7 69 theme piercing 968:975 arg1 test 983:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test 957:986 The vessel piercing force test was conducted to simulate the process of puncturing the vessels in vitro. 29889738 0 70 theme Microcannulas 62:74 arg1 Properties 38:47 Properties 38:47 Properties 38:47 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 0 70 theme Microcannulas 62:74 arg1 Microstructures 18:32 Microstructures 18:32 Microstructures 18:32 Comparison of the Microstructures and Properties of Different Microcannulas for Hyaluronic Acid Injection. 29889738 4 71 theme microcannulas 538:550 arg1 types 529:533 METHODS Nine types 516:533 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers 516:579 METHODS Nine types of microcannulas from different manufacturers were chosen. 29331728 8 0 theme bonds 1624:1628 arg1 interaction 1630:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction 1604:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules 1604:1704 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 4 1 theme interface 870:878 arg1 regions 880:886 interface regions 870:886 interface regions 870:886 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 1 2 theme bioadhesive 236:246 arg1 layer 259:263 bioadhesive transition layer 236:263 bioadhesive transition layer 236:263 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 7 3 theme polymer 1410:1416 arg1 chain 1418:1422 the polymer chain 1406:1422 the polymer chain in the interface region 1406:1446 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 5 4 dep diffusion 983:991 arg1 The 979:981 The 979:981 The 979:981 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 1 5 theme Grand 175:179 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 4 6 theme mean-square 910:920 arg1 MSD 936:938 MSD 936:938 MSD 936:938 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 4 6 theme mean-square 910:920 arg1 displacement 922:933 the mean-square displacement 906:933 the mean-square displacement (MSD) 906:939 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 7 7 theme free 1391:1394 arg1 volume 1396:1401 free volume 1391:1401 free volume 1391:1401 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 3 8 theme CP 739:740 arg1 layer 753:757 CP transition layer 739:757 CP transition layer 739:757 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 5 9 from diffusion 983:991 arg1 bulk 1045:1048 bulk 1045:1048 bulk 1045:1048 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 5 9 from diffusion 983:991 arg1 regions 1064:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 1 10 theme Monte 191:195 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 6 11 theme interfacial 1229:1239 arg1 compatibility 1241:1253 the interfacial compatibility 1225:1253 the interfacial compatibility 1225:1253 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 1 12 from effect 226:231 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 5 13 theme interface 1054:1062 arg1 regions 1064:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 9 14 theme simulation 1779:1788 arg1 consistent 1809:1818 consistent 1809:1818 consistent 1809:1818 The simulation results were quite consistent with the experimental results. 29331728 9 14 theme simulation 1779:1788 arg1 results 1790:1796 The simulation results 1775:1796 The simulation results 1775:1796 The simulation results were quite consistent with the experimental results. 29331728 2 15 theme bioadhesive 587:597 arg1 CP 609:610 CP 609:610 CP 609:610 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 2 15 theme bioadhesive 587:597 arg1 carbopol 599:606 bioadhesive carbopol 587:606 bioadhesive carbopol (CP) 587:611 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 6 16 theme transition 1199:1208 arg1 layer 1210:1214 CP transition layer 1196:1214 CP transition layer 1196:1214 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 7 17 theme separation 1356:1365 arg1 layer 1367:1371 the separation layer 1352:1371 the separation layer 1352:1371 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 5 18 theme molecules 1032:1040 arg1 diffusion 983:991 diffusion 983:991 diffusion 983:991 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 5 18 theme molecules 1032:1040 arg1 behavior 1006:1013 sorption behavior 997:1013 sorption behavior 997:1013 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 7 19 theme ethanol 1585:1591 arg1 molecules 1593:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 4 20 theme voids 957:961 arg1 analysis 969:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 1 21 theme pervaporation 305:317 arg1 membranes 329:337 the pervaporation composite membranes 301:337 the pervaporation composite membranes 301:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 3 22 theme present 621:627 arg1 study 629:633 the present study 617:633 the present study 617:633 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 1 23 theme molecular 147:155 arg1 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 23 theme molecular 147:155 arg1 dynamics 157:164 Combing molecular dynamics 139:164 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) 139:169 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 7 24 theme water 1575:1579 arg1 molecules 1593:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 4 25 theme FFV 964:966 arg1 analysis 969:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 1 26 theme membranes 329:337 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 27 from dynamics 157:164 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 6 28 theme CP 1196:1197 arg1 layer 1210:1214 CP transition layer 1196:1214 CP transition layer 1196:1214 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 0 29 theme composite 92:100 arg1 membranes 102:110 composite membranes 92:110 composite membranes 92:110 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 4 30 from volume 851:856 arg1 bulk 861:864 bulk 861:864 bulk 861:864 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 4 30 from volume 851:856 arg1 regions 880:886 interface regions 870:886 interface regions 870:886 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 2 31 dep stability 471:479 arg1 the 456:458 the 456:458 the 456:458 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 2 32 theme membranes 527:535 arg1 stability 471:479 structural stability 460:479 structural stability 460:479 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 2 32 theme membranes 527:535 arg1 selectivity 498:508 permeability selectivity 485:508 permeability selectivity 485:508 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 1 33 theme pervaporation 348:360 arg1 performance 362:372 the pervaporation performance 344:372 the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules 344:399 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 34 from performance 362:372 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 35 theme transition 248:257 arg1 layer 259:263 bioadhesive transition layer 236:263 bioadhesive transition layer 236:263 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 2 36 theme experimental 436:447 arg1 study 449:453 our previous experimental study 423:453 our previous experimental study 423:453 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 7 37 from mobility 1378:1385 arg1 region 1441:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 1 38 theme interfacial 272:282 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 2 39 theme structural 460:469 arg1 stability 471:479 structural stability 460:479 structural stability 460:479 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 3 40 theme interfacial 640:650 arg1 compatibility 652:664 the interfacial compatibility 636:664 the interfacial compatibility 636:664 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 4 41 theme polymer 830:836 arg1 chains 838:843 polymer chains 830:843 polymer chains 830:843 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 4 41 theme polymer 830:836 arg1 volume 851:856 free volume 846:856 free volume in bulk and interface regions 846:886 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 0 42 theme interfacial 33:43 arg1 compatibility 45:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 7 43 theme active 1494:1499 arg1 layer 1501:1505 CS active layer 1491:1505 CS active layer 1491:1505 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 1 44 theme GCMC 204:207 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 6 45 theme simulation 1096:1105 arg1 results 1107:1113 The simulation results 1092:1113 The simulation results of membrane structure 1092:1135 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 3 46 theme interfacial 674:684 arg1 energies 686:693 the interfacial energies 670:693 the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer 670:779 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 8 47 theme CP 1666:1667 arg1 layer 1680:1684 the CP transition layer 1662:1684 the CP transition layer 1662:1684 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 6 48 contain have 1137:1140 arg1 results 1107:1113 The simulation results 1092:1113 The simulation results of membrane structure 1092:1135 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 6 48 contain have 1137:1140 arg2 consistency 1147:1157 good consistency 1142:1157 good consistency 1142:1157 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 3 49 theme chitosan 707:714 arg1 CS 717:718 CS 717:718 CS 717:718 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 3 49 theme chitosan 707:714 arg1 layer 732:736 the chitosan (CS) separation layer 703:736 the chitosan (CS) separation layer 703:736 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 6 50 theme separation 1283:1292 arg1 layer 1294:1298 the separation layer 1279:1298 the separation layer 1279:1298 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 8 51 theme layer 1680:1684 arg1 COOH 1654:1657 the COOH 1650:1657 the COOH of the CP transition layer 1650:1684 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 8 51 theme layer 1680:1684 arg1 molecules 1696:1704 water molecules 1690:1704 water molecules 1690:1704 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 8 52 theme water 1690:1694 arg1 molecules 1696:1704 water molecules 1690:1704 water molecules 1690:1704 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 7 53 theme interface 1431:1439 arg1 region 1441:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 4 54 theme chains 838:843 arg1 mobility 818:825 The mobility 814:825 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions 814:886 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 7 55 theme chain 1418:1422 arg1 mobility 1378:1385 mobility 1378:1385 mobility 1378:1385 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 7 55 theme chain 1418:1422 arg1 volume 1396:1401 free volume 1391:1401 free volume 1391:1401 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 3 56 theme separation 721:730 arg1 CS 717:718 CS 717:718 CS 717:718 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 3 56 theme separation 721:730 arg1 layer 732:736 the chitosan (CS) separation layer 703:736 the chitosan (CS) separation layer 703:736 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 9 57 with consistent 1809:1818 arg1 results 1842:1848 the experimental results 1825:1848 the experimental results 1825:1848 The simulation results were quite consistent with the experimental results. 29331728 7 58 dep mobility 1378:1385 arg1 the 1374:1376 the 1374:1376 the 1374:1376 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 7 59 from region 1441:1446 arg1 mobility 1378:1385 mobility 1378:1385 mobility 1378:1385 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 7 59 from region 1441:1446 arg1 volume 1396:1401 free volume 1391:1401 free volume 1391:1401 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 4 60 theme free 846:849 arg1 chains 838:843 polymer chains 830:843 polymer chains 830:843 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 4 60 theme free 846:849 arg1 volume 851:856 free volume 846:856 free volume in bulk and interface regions 846:886 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 6 61 theme good 1142:1145 arg1 consistency 1147:1157 good consistency 1142:1157 good consistency 1142:1157 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 0 62 theme GCMC 122:125 arg1 simulation 127:136 MD and GCMC simulation 115:136 simulation 127:136 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 5 63 from behavior 1006:1013 arg1 bulk 1045:1048 bulk 1045:1048 bulk 1045:1048 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 5 63 from behavior 1006:1013 arg1 regions 1064:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 interface regions 1054:1070 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 1 64 theme Canonical 181:189 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 6 65 theme structure 1127:1135 arg1 results 1107:1113 The simulation results 1092:1113 The simulation results of membrane structure 1092:1135 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 3 66 theme transition 742:751 arg1 layer 753:757 CP transition layer 739:757 CP transition layer 739:757 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 1 67 theme penetrant 381:389 arg1 molecules 391:399 penetrant molecules 381:399 penetrant molecules 381:399 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 8 68 theme water 1734:1738 arg1 molecules 1740:1748 water molecules 1734:1748 water molecules 1734:1748 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 1 69 theme Carlo 197:201 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 70 from simulation 210:219 arg1 compatibility 284:296 the interfacial compatibility 268:296 the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 268:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 2 71 theme carbopol 599:606 arg1 introduction 571:582 the introduction 567:582 the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP) 567:611 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 6 72 theme layer 1210:1214 arg1 introduction 1180:1191 the introduction 1176:1191 the introduction of CP transition layer 1176:1214 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 3 73 theme support 767:773 arg1 layer 775:779 the support layer 763:779 the support layer 763:779 In the present study, the interfacial compatibility and the interfacial energies between the chitosan (CS) separation layer, CP transition layer and the support layer were investigated, respectively. 29331728 6 74 theme support 1308:1314 arg1 layer 1316:1320 the support layer 1304:1320 the support layer 1304:1320 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 5 75 theme water/ethanol 1018:1030 arg1 molecules 1032:1040 water/ethanol molecules 1018:1040 water/ethanol molecules 1018:1040 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 8 76 theme interface 1757:1765 arg1 region 1767:1772 the interface region 1753:1772 the interface region 1753:1772 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 7 77 from volume 1396:1401 arg1 region 1441:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 7 78 theme layer 1367:1371 arg1 region 1342:1347 the bulk region 1333:1347 the bulk region of the separation layer 1333:1371 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 0 79 theme pervaporation 63:75 arg1 performance 77:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 1 80 theme Combing 139:145 arg1 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 80 theme Combing 139:145 arg1 dynamics 157:164 Combing molecular dynamics 139:164 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) 139:169 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 7 81 theme permeated 1565:1573 arg1 molecules 1593:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1561:1601 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 4 82 theme volume 950:955 arg1 analysis 969:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 1 83 theme composite 319:327 arg1 membranes 329:337 the pervaporation composite membranes 301:337 the pervaporation composite membranes 301:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 7 84 from chain 1418:1422 arg1 region 1441:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 the interface region 1427:1446 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 2 85 theme permeability 485:496 arg1 selectivity 498:508 permeability selectivity 485:508 permeability selectivity 485:508 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 0 86 from effect 4:9 arg1 performance 77:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 0 86 from effect 4:9 arg1 compatibility 45:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 0 87 theme membranes 102:110 arg1 performance 77:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 pervaporation performance 63:87 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 0 87 theme membranes 102:110 arg1 compatibility 45:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 interfacial compatibility 33:57 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 7 88 theme diffusion 1532:1540 arg1 selectivity 1542:1552 the increased diffusion selectivity 1518:1552 the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1518:1601 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 8 89 theme molecules 1740:1748 arg1 adsorption 1720:1729 the adsorption 1716:1729 the adsorption of water molecules 1716:1748 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 0 90 theme MD 115:116 arg1 simulation 127:136 MD and GCMC simulation 115:136 simulation 127:136 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 7 91 theme bulk 1337:1340 arg1 region 1342:1347 the bulk region 1333:1347 the bulk region of the separation layer 1333:1371 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 2 92 theme composite 517:525 arg1 membranes 527:535 the composite membranes 513:535 the composite membranes 513:535 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 4 93 theme free 945:948 arg1 analysis 969:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 free volume voids (FFV) analysis 945:976 The mobility of polymer chains, free volume in bulk and interface regions were evaluated by the mean-square displacement (MSD) and free volume voids (FFV) analysis. 29331728 0 94 theme bioadhesive 14:24 arg1 effect 4:9 The effect 0:9 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 0:137 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 1 95 theme layer 259:263 arg1 simulation 210:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation 175:219 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 95 theme layer 259:263 arg1 effect 226:231 the effect 222:231 the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes 222:337 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 95 theme layer 259:263 arg1 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 MD 167:168 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 95 theme layer 259:263 arg1 dynamics 157:164 Combing molecular dynamics 139:164 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) 139:169 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 1 95 theme layer 259:263 arg1 performance 362:372 the pervaporation performance 344:372 the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules 344:399 Combing molecular dynamics (MD) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation, the effect of bioadhesive transition layer on the interfacial compatibility of the pervaporation composite membranes, and the pervaporation performance toward penetrant molecules were investigated. 29331728 2 96 theme previous 427:434 arg1 study 449:453 our previous experimental study 423:453 our previous experimental study 423:453 In our previous experimental study, the structural stability and permeability selectivity of the composite membranes were considerably enhanced by the introduction of bioadhesive carbopol (CP). 29331728 7 97 theme increased 1522:1530 arg1 selectivity 1542:1552 the increased diffusion selectivity 1518:1552 the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules 1518:1601 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 0 98 dep compatibility 45:57 arg1 the 29:31 the 29:31 the 29:31 The effect of bioadhesive on the interfacial compatibility and pervaporation performance of composite membranes by MD and GCMC simulation. 29331728 9 99 theme experimental 1829:1840 arg1 results 1842:1848 the experimental results 1825:1848 the experimental results 1825:1848 The simulation results were quite consistent with the experimental results. 29331728 5 100 theme sorption 997:1004 arg1 behavior 1006:1013 sorption behavior 997:1013 sorption behavior 997:1013 The diffusion and sorption behavior of water/ethanol molecules in bulk and interface regions were characterized. 29331728 6 101 theme membrane 1118:1125 arg1 structure 1127:1135 membrane structure 1118:1135 membrane structure 1118:1135 The simulation results of membrane structure have good consistency, indicating that the introduction of CP transition layer improved the interfacial compatibility and interaction between the separation layer and the support layer. 29331728 8 102 theme hydrogen 1615:1622 arg1 interaction 1630:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction 1604:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules 1604:1704 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 7 103 theme layer 1501:1505 arg1 swelling 1479:1486 the swelling 1475:1486 the swelling of CS active layer 1475:1505 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 7 104 theme CS 1491:1492 arg1 layer 1501:1505 CS active layer 1491:1505 CS active layer 1491:1505 Comparing the bulk region of the separation layer, the mobility and free volume of the polymer chain in the interface region decreased and thus reduced the swelling of CS active layer, revealing the increased diffusion selectivity toward the permeated water and ethanol molecules. 29331728 8 105 theme strong 1608:1613 arg1 interaction 1630:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction 1604:1640 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules 1604:1704 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 29331728 8 106 theme transition 1669:1678 arg1 layer 1680:1684 the CP transition layer 1662:1684 the CP transition layer 1662:1684 The strong hydrogen bonds interaction between the COOH of the CP transition layer and water molecules increased the adsorption of water molecules in the interface region. 30910957 0 0 theme cancer-associated 85:101 arg1 mucins 103:108 human cancer-associated mucins 79:108 human cancer-associated mucins 79:108 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 7 1 theme glycoimmune 1174:1184 arg1 lectin-7 1151:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 1123:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) 1123:1169 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 1 theme glycoimmune 1174:1184 arg1 receptor 1197:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 8 2 dep proteolysis 1324:1334 arg1 exemplified 1340:1350 exemplified 1340:1350 exemplified by StcE 1340:1358 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 8 3 theme Mucin-selective 1308:1322 arg1 proteolysis 1324:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis 1308:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis 1308:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 8 3 theme Mucin-selective 1308:1322 arg1 tool 1385:1388 a powerful tool 1374:1388 a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function 1374:1441 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 6 4 theme cancer-associated 972:988 arg1 mucins 990:995 cancer-associated mucins 972:995 cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer 972:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 0 5 theme human 79:83 arg1 mucins 103:108 human cancer-associated mucins 79:108 human cancer-associated mucins 79:108 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 4 6 theme bacterial 657:665 arg1 protease 667:674 a bacterial protease 655:674 a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli 655:696 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 6 theme bacterial 657:665 arg1 inhibitor 637:645 C1 esterase inhibitor 625:645 C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE) 625:652 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 2 7 theme diseases 322:329 arg1 host 308:311 a host 306:311 a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression 306:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 5 8 gly glycosite 848:856 arg2 glycosite 848:856 glycosite mapping 848:864 glycosite mapping 848:864 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 3 9 dep methods 499:505 arg1 manipulate 510:519 manipulate 510:519 manipulate 510:519 Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. 30910957 3 9 dep methods 499:505 arg1 characterize 538:549 characterize 538:549 characterize mucin domains 538:563 Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. 30910957 0 10 theme mucins 103:108 arg1 analysis 67:74 molecular and functional analysis 42:74 molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins 42:108 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 2 11 theme key 291:293 arg1 players 295:301 key players 291:301 key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression 291:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 2 12 theme human 316:320 arg1 expression 365:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 2 12 theme human 316:320 arg1 diseases 322:329 human diseases 316:329 human diseases 316:329 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 2 12 theme human 316:320 arg1 cancer 343:348 cancer 343:348 cancer 343:348 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 7 13 theme Ig-type 1143:1149 arg1 receptor 1197:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 13 theme Ig-type 1143:1149 arg1 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 13 theme Ig-type 1143:1149 arg1 lectin-7 1151:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 1123:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) 1123:1169 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 6 14 theme ascites 1026:1032 arg1 fluid 1034:1038 ascites fluid 1026:1038 ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer 1026:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 4 15 theme peptide- 747:754 arg1 motif 773:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 5 16 theme recombinant 893:903 arg1 mucins 911:916 recombinant human mucins 893:916 recombinant human mucins 893:916 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 5 17 theme sequence 829:836 arg1 coverage 838:845 sequence coverage 829:845 sequence coverage 829:845 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 5 18 theme glycoform 871:879 arg1 analysis 881:888 glycoform analysis 871:888 glycoform analysis 871:888 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 4 19 theme discrete 738:745 arg1 motif 773:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 6 20 theme ovarian 1067:1073 arg1 cancer 1075:1080 ovarian cancer 1067:1080 ovarian cancer 1067:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 2 21 theme glycosylation 380:392 arg1 patterns 394:401 glycosylation patterns 380:401 glycosylation patterns 380:401 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 0 22 theme mucin-selective 4:18 arg1 StcE 29:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE 0:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE 0:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 7 23 theme checkpoint 1186:1195 arg1 lectin-7 1151:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 1123:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) 1123:1169 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 23 theme checkpoint 1186:1195 arg1 receptor 1197:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 4 24 theme mucin 707:711 arg1 domains 713:719 mucin domains 707:719 mucin domains 707:719 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 25 theme esterase 628:635 arg1 protease 667:674 a bacterial protease 655:674 a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli 655:696 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 25 theme esterase 628:635 arg1 StcE 648:651 StcE 648:651 StcE 648:651 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 25 theme esterase 628:635 arg1 inhibitor 637:645 C1 esterase inhibitor 625:645 C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE) 625:652 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 7 26 theme sialic 1123:1128 arg1 receptor 1197:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 26 theme sialic 1123:1128 arg1 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 26 theme sialic 1123:1128 arg1 lectin-7 1151:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 1123:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) 1123:1169 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 6 27 from fluid 1034:1038 arg1 mucins 990:995 cancer-associated mucins 972:995 cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer 972:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 7 28 dep binds 1219:1223 arg1 whereas 1260:1266 whereas 1260:1266 whereas 1260:1266 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 1 29 theme wide 196:199 arg1 proteins 238:245 secreted proteins 229:245 secreted proteins 229:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 29 theme wide 196:199 arg1 variety 201:207 a wide variety 194:207 a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 194:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 29 theme wide 196:199 arg1 surface 217:223 cell surface 212:223 cell surface 212:223 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 7 30 theme acid-binding 1130:1141 arg1 receptor 1197:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor 1172:1204 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 30 theme acid-binding 1130:1141 arg1 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Siglec-7 1161:1168 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 30 theme acid-binding 1130:1141 arg1 lectin-7 1151:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 1123:1158 sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) 1123:1169 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 8 31 theme structure 1420:1428 arg1 study 1398:1402 the study 1394:1402 the study of mucin domain structure and function 1394:1441 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 5 32 theme human 905:909 arg1 mucins 911:916 recombinant human mucins 893:916 recombinant human mucins 893:916 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 1 33 theme Mucin 111:115 arg1 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 33 theme Mucin 111:115 arg1 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 5 34 theme unique 800:805 arg1 properties 807:816 StcE's unique properties 793:816 StcE's unique properties 793:816 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 2 35 gly glycoproteins 261:273 arg1 glycoproteins 261:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins 248:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins 248:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 8 36 theme domain 1413:1418 arg1 structure 1420:1428 mucin domain structure 1407:1428 mucin domain structure 1407:1428 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 3 37 theme mucin 551:555 arg1 domains 557:563 mucin domains 551:563 mucin domains 551:563 Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. 30910957 1 38 theme protein 160:166 arg1 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 38 theme protein 160:166 arg1 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 0 39 theme molecular 42:50 arg1 analysis 67:74 molecular and functional analysis 42:74 molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins 42:108 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 7 40 theme related 1272:1278 arg1 Siglec-9 1289:1296 the related receptor Siglec-9 1268:1296 the related receptor Siglec-9 1268:1296 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 1 41 located found 185:189 arg1 proteins 238:245 secreted proteins 229:245 secreted proteins 229:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 41 located found 185:189 arg2 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 41 located found 185:189 arg2 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 41 located found 185:189 arg1 variety 201:207 a wide variety 194:207 a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 194:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 41 located found 185:189 arg1 surface 217:223 cell surface 212:223 cell surface 212:223 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 5 42 theme glycosite 848:856 arg1 mapping 858:864 glycosite mapping 848:864 glycosite mapping 848:864 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 1 43 theme cell 212:215 arg1 surface 217:223 cell surface 212:223 cell surface 212:223 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 3 44 theme Mucin 416:420 arg1 biology 422:428 Mucin biology 416:428 Mucin biology 416:428 Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. 30910957 1 45 gly O-glycosylated 137:150 arg1 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 45 gly O-glycosylated 137:150 arg1 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 4 46 theme secreted 604:611 arg1 protease 613:620 secreted protease 604:620 secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, 604:697 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 1 47 theme surface 217:223 arg1 proteins 238:245 secreted proteins 229:245 secreted proteins 229:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 47 theme surface 217:223 arg1 variety 201:207 a wide variety 194:207 a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 194:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 47 theme surface 217:223 arg1 surface 217:223 cell surface 212:223 cell surface 212:223 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 0 48 theme functional 56:65 arg1 analysis 67:74 molecular and functional analysis 42:74 molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins 42:108 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 6 49 with patients 1053:1060 arg1 cancer 1075:1080 ovarian cancer 1067:1080 ovarian cancer 1067:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 6 50 attach derived 1040:1046 arg1 patients 1053:1060 patients 1053:1060 patients with ovarian cancer 1053:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 6 50 attach derived 1040:1046 arg2 fluid 1034:1038 ascites fluid 1026:1038 ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer 1026:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 5 51 theme mass 921:924 arg1 spectrometry 926:937 mass spectrometry 921:937 mass spectrometry 921:937 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 3 52 theme molecular 465:473 arg1 level 475:479 the molecular level 461:479 the molecular level 461:479 Mucin biology has been difficult to study at the molecular level, in part, because methods to manipulate and structurally characterize mucin domains are lacking. 30910957 8 53 theme powerful 1376:1383 arg1 proteolysis 1324:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis 1308:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis 1308:1334 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 8 53 theme powerful 1376:1383 arg1 tool 1385:1388 a powerful tool 1374:1388 a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function 1374:1441 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 6 54 from cells 1011:1015 arg1 mucins 990:995 cancer-associated mucins 972:995 cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer 972:1080 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 8 55 theme mucin 1407:1411 arg1 structure 1420:1428 mucin domain structure 1407:1428 mucin domain structure 1407:1428 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 2 56 theme Mucin-domain 248:259 arg1 glycoproteins 261:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins 248:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins 248:273 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 5 57 theme mucins 911:916 arg1 coverage 838:845 sequence coverage 829:845 sequence coverage 829:845 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 5 57 theme mucins 911:916 arg1 mapping 858:864 glycosite mapping 848:864 glycosite mapping 848:864 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 5 57 theme mucins 911:916 arg1 analysis 881:888 glycoform analysis 871:888 glycoform analysis 871:888 We exploited StcE's unique properties to improve sequence coverage, glycosite mapping, and glycoform analysis of recombinant human mucins by mass spectrometry. 30910957 8 58 theme function 1434:1441 arg1 study 1398:1402 the study 1394:1402 the study of mucin domain structure and function 1394:1441 Mucin-selective proteolysis, as exemplified by StcE, is therefore a powerful tool for the study of mucin domain structure and function. 30910957 4 59 theme glycan-based 760:771 arg1 motif 773:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif 736:777 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 6 60 theme cultured 1002:1009 arg1 cells 1011:1015 cultured cells 1002:1015 cultured cells 1002:1015 We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer. 30910957 1 61 theme O-glycosylated 137:150 arg1 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 61 theme O-glycosylated 137:150 arg1 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 4 62 from coli 693:696 arg1 protease 667:674 a bacterial protease 655:674 a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli 655:696 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 62 from coli 693:696 arg1 inhibitor 637:645 C1 esterase inhibitor 625:645 C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE) 625:652 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 1 63 theme modular 152:158 arg1 domains 168:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains 129:174 densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 129:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 63 theme modular 152:158 arg1 domains 117:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains 111:123 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 2 64 from players 295:301 arg1 host 308:311 a host 306:311 a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression 306:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 1 65 theme secreted 229:236 arg1 proteins 238:245 secreted proteins 229:245 secreted proteins 229:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 4 66 theme C1 625:626 arg1 protease 667:674 a bacterial protease 655:674 a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli 655:696 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 66 theme C1 625:626 arg1 StcE 648:651 StcE 648:651 StcE 648:651 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 4 66 theme C1 625:626 arg1 inhibitor 637:645 C1 esterase inhibitor 625:645 C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE) 625:652 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 7 67 theme receptor 1280:1287 arg1 Siglec-9 1289:1296 the related receptor Siglec-9 1268:1296 the related receptor Siglec-9 1268:1296 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 2 68 theme mucin 359:363 arg1 expression 365:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 2 68 theme mucin 359:363 arg1 diseases 322:329 human diseases 316:329 human diseases 316:329 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 4 69 theme inhibitor 637:645 arg1 protease 613:620 secreted protease 604:620 secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, 604:697 Here, we demonstrate that secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE), a bacterial protease from Escherichia coli, cleaves mucin domains by recognizing a discrete peptide- and glycan-based motif. 30910957 1 70 theme proteins 238:245 arg1 proteins 238:245 secreted proteins 229:245 secreted proteins 229:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 70 theme proteins 238:245 arg1 variety 201:207 a wide variety 194:207 a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins 194:245 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 1 70 theme proteins 238:245 arg1 surface 217:223 cell surface 212:223 cell surface 212:223 Mucin domains are densely O-glycosylated modular protein domains that are found in a wide variety of cell surface and secreted proteins. 30910957 0 71 theme protease 20:27 arg1 StcE 29:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE 0:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE 0:32 The mucin-selective protease StcE enables molecular and functional analysis of human cancer-associated mucins. 30910957 7 72 theme biological 1240:1249 arg1 sialomucins 1225:1235 sialomucins 1225:1235 sialomucins 1225:1235 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 7 72 theme biological 1240:1249 arg1 ligands 1251:1257 biological ligands 1240:1257 biological ligands 1240:1257 Finally, using StcE, we discovered that sialic acid-binding Ig-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7), a glycoimmune checkpoint receptor, selectively binds sialomucins as biological ligands, whereas the related receptor Siglec-9 does not. 30910957 2 73 theme wherein 351:357 arg1 expression 365:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 wherein mucin expression 351:374 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 30910957 2 73 theme wherein 351:357 arg1 diseases 322:329 human diseases 316:329 human diseases 316:329 Mucin-domain glycoproteins are known to be key players in a host of human diseases, especially cancer, wherein mucin expression and glycosylation patterns are altered. 31195048 8 0 theme CNC 1506:1508 arg1 contents 1510:1517 various CNC contents 1498:1517 various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) 1498:1537 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 8 0 theme CNC 1506:1508 arg1 % 1536:1536 1, 3, 5 and 8 wt% 1520:1536 1, 3, 5 and 8 wt% 1520:1536 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 5 1 from behaviour 1036:1044 arg1 concentrations 1076:1089 various concentrations 1068:1089 various concentrations 1068:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 2 2 theme acid 345:348 arg1 concentration 350:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 2 theme acid 345:348 arg1 temperature 367:377 a temperature 365:377 a temperature of 50 °C 365:386 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 1 3 theme chemical 251:258 arg1 treatments 260:269 chemical treatments 251:269 chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis 251:306 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 7 4 theme Polymer 1348:1354 arg1 capability 1372:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability 1348:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC 1348:1407 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC was also investigated in this study. 31195048 0 5 link cake-derived 14:25 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 5 link cake-derived 14:25 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 5 link cake-derived 14:25 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 9 6 from SOC 1767:1769 arg1 wastes 1755:1760 agricultural wastes 1742:1760 agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production 1742:1788 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 4 7 theme other 941:945 arg1 sources 947:953 other sources 941:953 other sources 941:953 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere started at 225 °C (CNC15), which is relatively higher than the temperature for sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC from other sources. 31195048 6 8 theme low 1266:1268 arg1 % 1295:1295 0.1-1% 1290:1295 0.1-1% 1290:1295 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 6 8 theme low 1266:1268 arg1 concentrations 1274:1287 very low CNC concentrations 1261:1287 very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) 1261:1296 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 0 9 theme Sunflower 0:8 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 9 theme Sunflower 0:8 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 9 theme Sunflower 0:8 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 8 10 theme mechanical 1549:1558 arg1 properties 1577:1586 their mechanical and transparency properties 1543:1586 their mechanical and transparency properties 1543:1586 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 9 11 theme potential 1795:1803 arg1 application 1805:1815 potential application 1795:1815 potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites 1795:1858 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 3 12 theme groups 657:662 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 12 theme groups 657:662 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 12 theme groups 657:662 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 12 theme groups 657:662 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 12 theme groups 657:662 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 13 theme 5 ± 2 nm 521:528 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 13 theme 5 ± 2 nm 521:528 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 13 theme 5 ± 2 nm 521:528 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 13 theme 5 ± 2 nm 521:528 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 13 theme 5 ± 2 nm 521:528 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 8 14 theme transparency 1564:1575 arg1 properties 1577:1586 their mechanical and transparency properties 1543:1586 their mechanical and transparency properties 1543:1586 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 1 15 theme bio-sourced 180:190 arg1 cake 151:154 sunflower oil cake 137:154 sunflower oil cake (SOC) 137:160 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 15 theme bio-sourced 180:190 arg1 material 192:199 bio-sourced material 180:199 bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 180:243 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 3 16 theme 9 ± 3 nm 508:515 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 16 theme 9 ± 3 nm 508:515 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 16 theme 9 ± 3 nm 508:515 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 16 theme 9 ± 3 nm 508:515 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 16 theme 9 ± 3 nm 508:515 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 8 17 with materials 1646:1654 arg1 properties 1679:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 5 18 from concentrations 1076:1089 arg1 behaviour 1036:1044 the rheological behaviour 1020:1044 the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations 1020:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 5 18 from concentrations 1076:1089 arg1 suspensions 1053:1063 CNC suspensions 1049:1063 CNC suspensions at various concentrations 1049:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 1 19 theme nanocrystals 215:226 arg1 production 234:243 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 205:243 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 205:243 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 4 20 theme thermal 782:788 arg1 degradation 790:800 The thermal degradation 778:800 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere 778:826 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere started at 225 °C (CNC15), which is relatively higher than the temperature for sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC from other sources. 31195048 5 21 theme CNC 1049:1051 arg1 suspensions 1053:1063 CNC suspensions 1049:1063 CNC suspensions at various concentrations 1049:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 9 22 from application 1805:1815 arg1 nanocomposites 1845:1858 polymer nanocomposites 1837:1858 polymer nanocomposites 1837:1858 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 5 23 theme dynamic 1168:1174 arg1 tests 1176:1180 the oscillatory dynamic tests 1152:1180 the oscillatory dynamic tests 1152:1180 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 3 24 theme potential 704:712 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 8 25 theme nanocomposite 1632:1644 arg1 materials 1646:1654 transparent nanocomposite materials 1620:1654 transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties 1620:1688 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 1 26 theme oil 147:149 arg1 SOC 157:159 SOC 157:159 SOC 157:159 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 26 theme oil 147:149 arg1 material 192:199 bio-sourced material 180:199 bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 180:243 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 26 theme oil 147:149 arg1 cake 151:154 sunflower oil cake 137:154 sunflower oil cake (SOC) 137:160 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 6 27 theme CNC 1270:1272 arg1 % 1295:1295 0.1-1% 1290:1295 0.1-1% 1290:1295 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 6 27 theme CNC 1270:1272 arg1 concentrations 1274:1287 very low CNC concentrations 1261:1287 very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) 1261:1296 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 5 28 theme application 988:998 arg1 importance 970:979 a high importance 963:979 a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems 963:1017 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 5 29 from importance 970:979 arg1 systems 1011:1017 aqueous systems 1003:1017 aqueous systems 1003:1017 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 1 30 theme acid 292:295 arg1 hydrolysis 297:306 sulfuric acid hydrolysis 283:306 sulfuric acid hydrolysis 283:306 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 5 31 theme aqueous 1003:1009 arg1 systems 1011:1017 aqueous systems 1003:1017 aqueous systems 1003:1017 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 8 32 theme mechanical 1668:1677 arg1 properties 1679:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 5 33 theme high 965:968 arg1 importance 970:979 a high importance 963:979 a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems 963:1017 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 4 34 theme sulfuric 907:914 arg1 acid 916:919 sulfuric acid 907:919 sulfuric acid 907:919 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere started at 225 °C (CNC15), which is relatively higher than the temperature for sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC from other sources. 31195048 6 35 theme strong 1308:1313 arg1 network 1329:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 2 36 theme hydrolysis 409:418 arg1 15 min 427:432 15 min (CNC15) 427:440 15 min (CNC15) 427:440 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 36 theme hydrolysis 409:418 arg1 times 420:424 two different hydrolysis times 395:424 two different hydrolysis times 395:424 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 36 theme hydrolysis 409:418 arg1 30 min 446:451 30 min 446:451 30 min (CNC30) 446:459 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 0 37 theme cake-derived 14:25 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 37 theme cake-derived 14:25 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 37 theme cake-derived 14:25 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 5 38 theme suspensions 1053:1063 arg1 behaviour 1036:1044 the rheological behaviour 1020:1044 the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations 1020:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 7 39 theme CNC 1405:1407 arg1 capability 1372:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability 1348:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC 1348:1407 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC was also investigated in this study. 31195048 8 40 theme CNC 1446:1448 arg1 films 1475:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 0 41 theme physico-chemical 63:78 arg1 characteristics 80:94 physico-chemical characteristics 63:94 physico-chemical characteristics 63:94 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 2 42 theme % 343:343 arg1 concentration 350:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 42 theme % 343:343 arg1 temperature 367:377 a temperature 365:377 a temperature of 50 °C 365:386 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 5 43 theme rheological 1024:1034 arg1 behaviour 1036:1044 the rheological behaviour 1020:1044 the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations 1020:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 0 44 dep nanocrystals 37:48 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 44 dep nanocrystals 37:48 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 44 dep nanocrystals 37:48 arg1 characteristics 80:94 physico-chemical characteristics 63:94 physico-chemical characteristics 63:94 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 44 dep nanocrystals 37:48 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 8 45 theme PVA 1457:1459 arg1 films 1475:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 3 46 theme % 602:602 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 46 theme % 602:602 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 46 theme % 602:602 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 46 theme % 602:602 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 46 theme % 602:602 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 5 47 theme steady 1112:1117 arg1 measurements 1135:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 7 48 theme nanoreinforcing 1356:1370 arg1 capability 1372:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability 1348:1381 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC 1348:1407 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC was also investigated in this study. 31195048 3 49 theme charge 615:620 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 5 50 theme various 1068:1074 arg1 concentrations 1076:1089 various concentrations 1068:1089 various concentrations 1068:1089 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 8 51 theme various 1498:1504 arg1 contents 1510:1517 various CNC contents 1498:1517 various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) 1498:1537 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 8 51 theme various 1498:1504 arg1 % 1536:1536 1, 3, 5 and 8 wt% 1520:1536 1, 3, 5 and 8 wt% 1520:1536 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 6 52 theme entangled 1319:1327 arg1 network 1329:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 9 53 theme CNC 1775:1777 arg1 production 1779:1788 CNC production 1775:1788 CNC production 1775:1788 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 6 54 dep showed 1195:1200 arg1 wherein 1298:1304 wherein 1298:1304 wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed 1298:1345 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 4 55 theme nitrogen 808:815 arg1 atmosphere 817:826 nitrogen atmosphere 808:826 nitrogen atmosphere 808:826 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere started at 225 °C (CNC15), which is relatively higher than the temperature for sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC from other sources. 31195048 3 56 theme sulfate 649:655 arg1 groups 657:662 ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups 633:662 ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 633:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 6 57 theme CNC 1211:1213 arg1 suspensions 1215:1225 the CNC suspensions 1207:1225 the CNC suspensions 1207:1225 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 1 58 theme cellulose 205:213 arg1 CNC 229:231 CNC 229:231 CNC 229:231 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 58 theme cellulose 205:213 arg1 nanocrystals 215:226 cellulose nanocrystals 205:226 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 205:243 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 9 59 theme polymer 1837:1843 arg1 nanocomposites 1845:1858 polymer nanocomposites 1837:1858 polymer nanocomposites 1837:1858 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 5 60 theme oscillatory 1156:1166 arg1 tests 1176:1180 the oscillatory dynamic tests 1152:1180 the oscillatory dynamic tests 1152:1180 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 3 61 theme anhydroglucose 672:685 arg1 units 687:691 100 anhydroglucose units 668:691 100 anhydroglucose units 668:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 62 theme 329 ± 98 nm 560:570 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 62 theme 329 ± 98 nm 560:570 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 62 theme 329 ± 98 nm 560:570 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 62 theme 329 ± 98 nm 560:570 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 62 theme 329 ± 98 nm 560:570 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 1 63 theme sunflower 137:145 arg1 SOC 157:159 SOC 157:159 SOC 157:159 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 63 theme sunflower 137:145 arg1 material 192:199 bio-sourced material 180:199 bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production 180:243 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 1 63 theme sunflower 137:145 arg1 cake 151:154 sunflower oil cake 137:154 sunflower oil cake (SOC) 137:160 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 3 64 theme 354 ± 101 nm 543:554 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 64 theme 354 ± 101 nm 543:554 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 64 theme 354 ± 101 nm 543:554 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 64 theme 354 ± 101 nm 543:554 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 64 theme 354 ± 101 nm 543:554 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 8 65 theme transparent 1620:1630 arg1 materials 1646:1654 transparent nanocomposite materials 1620:1654 transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties 1620:1688 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 4 66 from sources 947:953 arg1 CNC 932:934 CNC 932:934 CNC from other sources 932:953 The thermal degradation under nitrogen atmosphere started at 225 °C (CNC15), which is relatively higher than the temperature for sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC from other sources. 31195048 5 67 theme viscosity 1125:1133 arg1 measurements 1135:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 3 68 theme zeta 699:702 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 0 69 theme potential 100:108 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 69 theme potential 100:108 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 3 70 theme -30.7 mV 733:740 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 70 theme -30.7 mV 733:740 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 70 theme -30.7 mV 733:740 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 70 theme -30.7 mV 733:740 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 70 theme -30.7 mV 733:740 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 8 71 theme strong 1661:1666 arg1 properties 1679:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 strong mechanical properties 1661:1688 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 3 72 theme -25.6 723:727 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 72 theme -25.6 723:727 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 72 theme -25.6 723:727 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 72 theme -25.6 723:727 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 72 theme -25.6 723:727 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 6 73 theme gel-like 1239:1246 arg1 behaviour 1248:1256 a gel-like behaviour 1237:1256 a gel-like behaviour 1237:1256 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 2 74 theme 50 °C 382:386 arg1 concentration 350:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 64% acid concentration 341:362 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 74 theme 50 °C 382:386 arg1 temperature 367:377 a temperature 365:377 a temperature of 50 °C 365:386 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 0 75 theme oil 10:12 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 75 theme oil 10:12 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 75 theme oil 10:12 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 5 76 theme CNC 984:986 arg1 application 988:998 CNC application 984:998 CNC application 984:998 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 31195048 0 77 theme cellulose 27:35 arg1 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Extraction 51:60 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 77 theme cellulose 27:35 arg1 application 110:120 potential application 100:120 potential application 100:120 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 0 77 theme cellulose 27:35 arg1 nanocrystals 37:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals 0:48 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 0:121 Sunflower oil cake-derived cellulose nanocrystals: Extraction, physico-chemical characteristics and potential application. 31195048 1 78 theme sulfuric 283:290 arg1 hydrolysis 297:306 sulfuric acid hydrolysis 283:306 sulfuric acid hydrolysis 283:306 In this work, sunflower oil cake (SOC) was identified as bio-sourced material for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production using chemical treatments followed by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. 31195048 2 79 theme different 399:407 arg1 15 min 427:432 15 min (CNC15) 427:440 15 min (CNC15) 427:440 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 79 theme different 399:407 arg1 times 420:424 two different hydrolysis times 395:424 two different hydrolysis times 395:424 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 2 79 theme different 399:407 arg1 30 min 446:451 30 min 446:451 30 min (CNC30) 446:459 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 8 80 theme filled 1450:1455 arg1 films 1475:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 9 81 theme other 1711:1715 arg1 possibilities 1717:1729 other possibilities 1711:1729 other possibilities 1711:1729 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 8 82 theme nanocomposite 1461:1473 arg1 films 1475:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films 1446:1479 CNC filled PVA nanocomposite films were produced at various CNC contents (1, 3, 5 and 8 wt%) and their mechanical and transparency properties were investigated, resulting in transparent nanocomposite materials with strong mechanical properties. 31195048 2 83 theme 64 341:342 arg1 % 343:343 % 343:343 % 343:343 The hydrolysis was performed at 64% acid concentration, a temperature of 50 °C and at two different hydrolysis times, 15 min (CNC15) and 30 min (CNC30). 31195048 7 84 theme produced 1396:1403 arg1 CNC 1405:1407 the newly produced CNC 1386:1407 the newly produced CNC 1386:1407 Polymer nanoreinforcing capability of the newly produced CNC was also investigated in this study. 31195048 3 85 theme % 594:594 arg1 length 533:538 a length 531:538 a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm 531:570 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 85 theme % 594:594 arg1 diameter 496:503 a diameter 494:503 a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm 494:528 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 85 theme % 594:594 arg1 value 714:718 a zeta potential value 697:718 a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV 697:740 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 85 theme % 594:594 arg1 crystallinity 575:587 a crystallinity 573:587 a crystallinity of 75% and 87% 573:602 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 3 85 theme % 594:594 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 9 86 theme agricultural 1742:1753 arg1 wastes 1755:1760 agricultural wastes 1742:1760 agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production 1742:1788 The study suggested other possibilities to utilize agricultural wastes from SOC for CNC production with potential application as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites. 31195048 3 87 theme surface 607:613 arg1 density 622:628 a surface charge density 605:628 a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units 605:691 It was found that CNC exhibited a diameter of 9 ± 3 nm and 5 ± 2 nm, a length of 354 ± 101 nm and 329 ± 98 nm, a crystallinity of 75% and 87%, a surface charge density of ~1.57 and ~1.88 sulfate groups per 100 anhydroglucose units and a zeta potential value of -25.6 and -30.7 mV, for CNC15 and CNC30, respectively. 31195048 6 88 theme CNC 1315:1317 arg1 network 1329:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 a strong CNC entangled network 1306:1335 The results showed that the CNC suspensions exhibited a gel-like behaviour at very low CNC concentrations (0.1-1%) wherein a strong CNC entangled network is formed. 31195048 5 89 theme shear 1119:1123 arg1 measurements 1135:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 the steady shear viscosity measurements 1108:1146 Due to a high importance of CNC application in aqueous systems, the rheological behaviour of CNC suspensions at various concentrations was evaluated by the steady shear viscosity measurements and the oscillatory dynamic tests. 30711564 4 0 theme starch 501:506 arg1 production 508:517 A maximum starch production 491:517 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1) 491:534 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 0 theme starch 501:506 arg1 higher 543:548 higher 543:548 higher 543:548 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 0 theme starch 501:506 arg1 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 5 1 used used 733:736 arg2 spectroscopy 716:727 FT-IR spectroscopy 710:727 FT-IR spectroscopy 710:727 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 4 2 theme NaCl 678:681 arg1 concentration 683:695 a NaCl concentration 676:695 a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 676:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 0 3 theme Porphyridium 80:91 arg1 marinum 93:99 Porphyridium marinum 80:99 Porphyridium marinum 80:99 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 1 4 theme marine 170:175 arg1 microalgae 181:190 the marine red microalgae 166:190 the marine red microalgae 166:190 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 5 5 theme FT-IR 710:714 arg1 spectroscopy 716:727 FT-IR spectroscopy 710:727 FT-IR spectroscopy 710:727 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 6 6 theme FT-IR 897:901 arg1 analysis 903:910 FT-IR analysis 897:910 FT-IR analysis 897:910 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 2 7 theme NaNO3 300:304 arg1 concentration 306:318 NaNO3 concentration 300:318 NaNO3 concentration 300:318 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 4 8 theme NaNO3 641:645 arg1 concentration 647:659 a NaNO3 concentration 639:659 a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 639:670 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 9 theme 20 g·L-1 700:707 arg1 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 9 theme 20 g·L-1 700:707 arg1 concentration 647:659 a NaNO3 concentration 639:659 a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 639:670 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 9 theme 20 g·L-1 700:707 arg1 concentration 683:695 a NaCl concentration 676:695 a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 676:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 2 10 theme microalgae 350:359 arg1 growth 340:345 the growth 336:345 the growth of microalgae 336:359 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 6 11 theme protein 1059:1065 arg1 contents 1067:1074 protein contents 1059:1074 protein contents 1059:1074 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 2 12 theme intensity 289:297 arg1 effect 273:278 the effect 269:278 the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents 269:405 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 1 13 theme red 177:179 arg1 microalgae 181:190 the marine red microalgae 166:190 the marine red microalgae 166:190 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 4 14 theme maximum 493:499 arg1 production 508:517 A maximum starch production 491:517 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1) 491:534 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 14 theme maximum 493:499 arg1 higher 543:548 higher 543:548 higher 543:548 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 14 theme maximum 493:499 arg1 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 140.21 μg·mL-1 520:533 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 2 15 theme light 283:287 arg1 intensity 289:297 light intensity 283:297 light intensity 283:297 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 2 16 theme protein 390:396 arg1 contents 398:405 their starch and protein contents 373:405 contents 398:405 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 5 17 theme biochemical 754:764 arg1 composition 766:776 the biochemical composition 750:776 the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum 750:818 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 5 17 theme biochemical 754:764 arg1 accumulation 792:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 0 18 theme Optimal 0:6 arg1 cultivation 8:18 Optimal cultivation 0:18 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 0:100 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 6 19 theme starch 976:981 arg1 production 983:992 highest starch production 968:992 highest starch production by P. marinum 968:1006 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 1 20 theme Optimal 102:108 arg1 conditions 110:119 Optimal conditions 102:119 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum 102:211 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 3 21 theme biomass 438:444 arg1 production 446:455 biomass production 438:455 biomass production 438:455 These three factors increased biomass production by 13.6% in optimized conditions. 30711564 0 22 theme enhanced 28:35 arg1 production 66:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production 28:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum 28:99 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 6 23 theme highest 968:974 arg1 production 983:992 highest starch production 968:992 highest starch production by P. marinum 968:1006 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 2 24 theme salinity 324:331 arg1 effect 273:278 the effect 269:278 the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents 269:405 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 2 25 theme concentration 306:318 arg1 effect 273:278 the effect 269:278 the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents 269:405 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 2 26 used used 255:258 arg2 Design 244:249 Box-Behnken Design 232:249 Box-Behnken Design 232:249 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 3 27 theme optimized 469:477 arg1 conditions 479:488 optimized conditions 469:488 optimized conditions 469:488 These three factors increased biomass production by 13.6% in optimized conditions. 30711564 4 28 theme concentration 683:695 arg1 intensity 600:608 a light intensity 592:608 a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 592:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 2 29 from effect 273:278 arg1 starch 379:384 their starch and protein contents 373:405 starch 379:384 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 2 29 from effect 273:278 arg1 contents 398:405 their starch and protein contents 373:405 contents 398:405 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 2 29 from effect 273:278 arg1 growth 340:345 the growth 336:345 the growth of microalgae 336:359 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 5 30 theme significant 833:843 arg1 P < 0.05 854:861 P < 0.05 854:861 P < 0.05 854:861 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 5 30 theme significant 833:843 arg1 changes 845:851 significant changes 833:851 significant changes (P < 0.05) 833:862 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 0 31 theme biomass 37:43 arg1 production 66:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production 28:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum 28:99 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 4 32 theme 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 arg1 intensity 600:608 a light intensity 592:608 a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 592:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 0 33 theme starch 59:64 arg1 production 66:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production 28:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum 28:99 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 6 34 theme culture 938:944 arg1 conditions 946:955 the culture conditions 934:955 the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum 934:1006 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 1 35 theme maximal 125:131 arg1 production 152:161 maximal biomass and starch production 125:161 maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum 125:211 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 0 36 theme floridean 49:57 arg1 production 66:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production 28:75 enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum 28:99 Optimal cultivation towards enhanced biomass and floridean starch production by Porphyridium marinum. 30711564 2 37 theme Box-Behnken 232:242 arg1 Design 244:249 Box-Behnken Design 232:249 Box-Behnken Design 232:249 Box-Behnken Design was used to model the effect of light intensity, NaNO3 concentration and salinity on the growth of microalgae but also on their starch and protein contents. 30711564 1 38 theme biomass 133:139 arg1 production 152:161 maximal biomass and starch production 125:161 maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum 125:211 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 4 39 theme concentration 647:659 arg1 intensity 600:608 a light intensity 592:608 a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 592:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 6 40 theme sulfated 1031:1038 arg1 polysaccharide 1040:1053 sulfated polysaccharide 1031:1053 sulfated polysaccharide 1031:1053 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 1 41 theme starch 145:150 arg1 production 152:161 maximal biomass and starch production 125:161 maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum 125:211 Optimal conditions for maximal biomass and starch production by the marine red microalgae Porphyridium marinum were investigated. 30711564 6 42 theme lowest 1024:1029 arg1 polysaccharide 1040:1053 sulfated polysaccharide 1031:1053 sulfated polysaccharide 1031:1053 FT-IR analysis highlighted also that the culture conditions leading to highest starch production by P. marinum corresponded to lowest sulfated polysaccharide and protein contents. 30711564 5 43 theme culture 877:883 arg1 conditions 885:894 culture conditions 877:894 culture conditions 877:894 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 4 44 theme light 594:598 arg1 intensity 600:608 a light intensity 592:608 a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 592:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 5 45 theme carbohydrate 779:790 arg1 composition 766:776 the biochemical composition 750:776 the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum 750:818 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 5 45 theme carbohydrate 779:790 arg1 accumulation 792:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 5 46 theme marinum 812:818 arg1 composition 766:776 the biochemical composition 750:776 the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum 750:818 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 5 46 theme marinum 812:818 arg1 accumulation 792:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 carbohydrate accumulation 779:803 FT-IR spectroscopy was used to estimate the biochemical composition (carbohydrate accumulation) of P. marinum and revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) depending on culture conditions. 30711564 4 47 theme 1 g·L-1 664:670 arg1 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1 613:636 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 47 theme 1 g·L-1 664:670 arg1 concentration 647:659 a NaNO3 concentration 639:659 a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 639:670 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30711564 4 47 theme 1 g·L-1 664:670 arg1 concentration 683:695 a NaCl concentration 676:695 a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1 676:707 A maximum starch production (140.21 μg·mL-1), 30.6% higher than that of the control, was attained at a light intensity of 100 μmol photons·m-2·s-1, a NaNO3 concentration of 1 g·L-1 and a NaCl concentration of 20 g·L-1. 30853534 10 0 theme milk 1555:1558 arg1 system 1560:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 1 1 theme monostearate 254:265 arg1 glycerin 245:252 glycerin 245:252 glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier 245:282 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 11 2 theme ultrasonic 1675:1684 arg1 treatment 1686:1694 ultrasonic treatment 1675:1694 ultrasonic treatment 1675:1694 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 9 3 contain had 1397:1399 arg2 influence 1414:1422 an important influence 1401:1422 an important influence 1401:1422 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 9 3 contain had 1397:1399 arg1 proportion 1366:1375 The proportion 1362:1375 The proportion of amylose in maize 1362:1395 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 14 4 theme gel 1941:1943 arg1 beads 1945:1949 The tiny gel beads 1932:1949 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch 1932:1977 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 12 5 theme coconut 1747:1753 arg1 milk 1755:1758 coconut milk 1747:1758 coconut milk 1747:1758 Ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of coconut milk and homogenized the distribution of the system. 30853534 8 6 theme fluid 1263:1267 arg1 type 1269:1272 the fluid type 1259:1272 the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics) 1259:1359 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 7 7 theme milk 1108:1111 arg1 systems 1113:1119 the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1053:1119 systems 1113:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 3 8 theme mechanical 563:572 arg1 emulsifications 574:588 the mechanical emulsifications 559:588 the mechanical emulsifications 559:588 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 9 9 theme system 1457:1462 arg1 stability 1431:1439 the stability 1427:1439 the stability of the compound system 1427:1462 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 7 10 theme maize 1087:1091 arg1 systems 1113:1119 the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1053:1119 systems 1113:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 15 11 theme additives 2161:2169 arg1 use 2148:2150 the use 2144:2150 the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation 2144:2196 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 8 12 theme ultrasonic 1223:1232 arg1 treatment 1234:1242 ultrasonic treatment 1223:1242 ultrasonic treatment 1223:1242 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 2 13 theme emulsion 526:533 arg1 stability 466:474 stability 466:474 stability 466:474 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 2 13 theme emulsion 526:533 arg1 features 491:498 structural features 480:498 structural features 480:498 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 8 14 theme coconut 1281:1287 arg1 system 1303:1308 the coconut milk compound system 1277:1308 the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics) 1277:1359 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 10 15 dep viscosity 1478:1486 arg1 The 1465:1467 The 1465:1467 The 1465:1467 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 1 16 theme coconut 214:220 arg1 system 237:242 a coconut milk composite system 212:242 a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) 212:379 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 8 17 theme compound 1294:1301 arg1 system 1303:1308 the coconut milk compound system 1277:1308 the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics) 1277:1359 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 7 18 theme maize 1057:1061 arg1 kernel 1063:1068 the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1053:1119 kernel 1063:1068 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 15 19 theme phase 2258:2262 arg1 viscosity 2264:2272 continuous phase viscosity 2247:2272 continuous phase viscosity 2247:2272 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 12 20 theme particle 1730:1737 arg1 size 1739:1742 the particle size 1726:1742 the particle size of coconut milk 1726:1758 Ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of coconut milk and homogenized the distribution of the system. 30853534 4 21 theme high 712:715 arg1 proportion 717:726 a high proportion 710:726 a high proportion of amylopectin 710:741 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 0 22 theme different 169:177 arg1 contents 187:194 different amylose contents 169:194 different amylose contents 169:194 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 1 23 theme ultrasound 413:422 arg1 irradiation 424:434 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 398:434 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz) 398:459 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 1 24 with starch 341:346 arg1 contents 371:378 different amylose contents 353:378 different amylose contents 353:378 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 3 25 theme maize 609:613 arg1 kernels 615:621 maize kernels 609:621 maize kernels 609:621 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 5 26 theme coconut 879:885 arg1 milk 887:890 the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk 853:890 the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk 853:890 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 1 27 with kernels 329:335 arg1 contents 371:378 different amylose contents 353:378 different amylose contents 353:378 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 4 28 theme coconut 692:698 arg1 milk 700:703 coconut milk 692:703 coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin 692:741 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 13 29 theme ultrasound 1910:1919 arg1 treatment 1921:1929 ultrasound treatment 1910:1929 ultrasound treatment 1910:1929 Additionally, the amylase of the system contained amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment. 30853534 6 30 theme system 993:998 arg1 electronegativity 959:975 The electronegativity 955:975 The electronegativity of the compound system 955:998 The electronegativity of the compound system was significantly improved. 30853534 2 31 theme coconut 513:519 arg1 emulsion 526:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 0 32 from Effect 0:5 arg1 features 80:87 structural features 69:87 structural features 69:87 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 0 32 from Effect 0:5 arg1 stability 55:63 stability 55:63 stability 55:63 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 4 33 theme best 751:754 arg1 stability 756:764 the best stability 747:764 the best stability 747:764 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 0 34 theme coconut-grain 92:104 arg1 systems 121:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems 92:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents 92:194 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 15 35 theme coconut-grain 2086:2098 arg1 systems 2115:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 3 36 with milk 599:602 arg1 kernels 615:621 maize kernels 609:621 maize kernels 609:621 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 1 37 theme different 353:361 arg1 contents 371:378 different amylose contents 353:378 different amylose contents 353:378 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 14 38 theme milk 2015:2018 arg1 droplets 2032:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 1 39 dep additives 306:314 arg1 kernels 329:335 maize kernels 323:335 maize kernels 323:335 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 1 39 dep additives 306:314 arg1 starch 341:346 starch 341:346 starch 341:346 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 5 40 theme particle 799:806 arg1 smaller 831:837 smaller 831:837 smaller 831:837 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 5 40 theme particle 799:806 arg1 sizes 808:812 the particle sizes 795:812 the particle sizes 795:812 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 5 41 theme monomodal 926:934 arg1 distribution 941:952 a monomodal size distribution 924:952 a monomodal size distribution 924:952 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 14 42 theme good 1985:1988 arg1 effect 1997:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 0 43 theme high-intensity 10:23 arg1 irradiation 36:46 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 10:46 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 10:46 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 14 44 theme fusion 1990:1995 arg1 effect 1997:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 10 45 theme crystallization 1492:1506 arg1 order 1508:1512 crystallization order 1492:1512 crystallization order 1492:1512 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 14 46 contain had 1979:1981 arg2 effect 1997:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 a good fusion effect 1983:2002 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 14 46 contain had 1979:1981 arg1 beads 1945:1949 The tiny gel beads 1932:1949 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch 1932:1977 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 5 47 theme ultrasonic 773:782 arg1 treatment 784:792 ultrasonic treatment 773:792 ultrasonic treatment 773:792 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 1 48 theme maize 300:304 arg1 additives 306:314 different maize additives 290:314 different maize additives 290:314 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 0 49 theme irradiation 36:46 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 0:195 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 10 50 theme starch-coconut 1540:1553 arg1 system 1560:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 9 51 theme amylose 1380:1386 arg1 proportion 1366:1375 The proportion 1362:1375 The proportion of amylose in maize 1362:1395 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 2 52 dep stability 466:474 arg1 The 462:464 The 462:464 The 462:464 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 10 53 theme high-amylose 1521:1532 arg1 system 1560:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 11 54 theme maize 1596:1600 arg1 system 1609:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 15 55 theme ultrasound 2175:2184 arg1 irradiation 2186:2196 ultrasound irradiation 2175:2196 ultrasound irradiation 2175:2196 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 1 56 theme milk 222:225 arg1 system 237:242 a coconut milk composite system 212:242 a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) 212:379 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 14 57 theme waxy 1961:1964 arg1 starch 1972:1977 waxy maize starch 1961:1977 waxy maize starch 1961:1977 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 1 58 with system 237:242 arg1 additives 306:314 different maize additives 290:314 different maize additives 290:314 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 15 59 theme electrostatic 2221:2233 arg1 effects 2235:2241 electrostatic effects 2221:2241 electrostatic effects 2221:2241 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 3 60 theme high-amylose 656:667 arg1 starch 675:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 12 61 theme Ultrasound 1697:1706 arg1 treatment 1708:1716 Ultrasound treatment 1697:1716 Ultrasound treatment 1697:1716 Ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of coconut milk and homogenized the distribution of the system. 30853534 15 62 theme composite 2105:2113 arg1 systems 2115:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 10 63 theme system 1560:1565 arg1 order 1508:1512 crystallization order 1492:1512 crystallization order 1492:1512 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 10 63 theme system 1560:1565 arg1 viscosity 1478:1486 apparent viscosity 1469:1486 apparent viscosity 1469:1486 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 11 64 theme high 1623:1626 arg1 viscosity 1636:1644 high complex viscosity 1623:1644 high complex viscosity 1623:1644 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 1 65 dep irradiation 424:434 arg1 HIUS 437:440 HIUS 437:440 HIUS 437:440 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 1 65 dep irradiation 424:434 arg1 20 kHz 453:458 frequency 20 kHz 443:458 frequency 20 kHz 443:458 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 4 66 with milk 700:703 arg1 proportion 717:726 a high proportion 710:726 a high proportion of amylopectin 710:741 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 8 67 theme fluid 1338:1342 arg1 characteristics 1344:1358 pseudoplastic fluid characteristics 1324:1358 pseudoplastic fluid characteristics 1324:1358 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 7 68 theme systems 1113:1119 arg1 electronegativity 1032:1048 The electronegativity 1028:1048 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1028:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 1 69 theme frequency 443:451 arg1 HIUS 437:440 HIUS 437:440 HIUS 437:440 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 1 69 theme frequency 443:451 arg1 20 kHz 453:458 frequency 20 kHz 443:458 frequency 20 kHz 443:458 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 14 70 theme tiny 1936:1939 arg1 beads 1945:1949 The tiny gel beads 1932:1949 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch 1932:1977 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 15 71 theme irradiation 2186:2196 arg1 use 2148:2150 the use 2144:2150 the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation 2144:2196 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 12 72 theme milk 1755:1758 arg1 size 1739:1742 the particle size 1726:1742 the particle size of coconut milk 1726:1758 Ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of coconut milk and homogenized the distribution of the system. 30853534 7 73 theme starch-coconut 1093:1106 arg1 systems 1113:1119 the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1053:1119 systems 1113:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 9 74 theme compound 1448:1455 arg1 system 1457:1462 the compound system 1444:1462 the compound system 1444:1462 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 4 75 contain had 743:745 arg2 stability 756:764 the best stability 747:764 the best stability 747:764 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 4 75 contain had 743:745 arg1 milk 700:703 coconut milk 692:703 coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin 692:741 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 7 76 theme high-amylose 1074:1085 arg1 systems 1113:1119 the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1053:1119 systems 1113:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 15 77 theme maize 2155:2159 arg1 additives 2161:2169 maize additives 2155:2169 maize additives 2155:2169 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 1 78 dep system 237:242 arg1 glycerin 245:252 glycerin 245:252 glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier 245:282 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 7 79 theme kernel 1063:1068 arg1 electronegativity 1032:1048 The electronegativity 1028:1048 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems 1028:1119 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 3 80 theme coconut 591:597 arg1 milk 599:602 coconut milk 591:602 coconut milk with maize kernels 591:621 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 3 81 with milk 646:649 arg1 starch 675:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 2 82 theme milk 521:524 arg1 emulsion 526:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 15 83 theme continuous 2247:2256 arg1 viscosity 2264:2272 continuous phase viscosity 2247:2272 continuous phase viscosity 2247:2272 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 0 84 theme maize 139:143 arg1 kernels 145:151 maize kernels 139:151 maize kernels 139:151 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 8 85 theme milk 1289:1292 arg1 system 1303:1308 the coconut milk compound system 1277:1308 the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics) 1277:1359 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 0 86 theme amylose 179:185 arg1 contents 187:194 different amylose contents 169:194 different amylose contents 169:194 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 1 87 theme high-intensity 398:411 arg1 irradiation 424:434 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 398:434 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz) 398:459 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 13 88 contain contained 1848:1856 arg1 amylase 1826:1832 the amylase 1822:1832 the amylase of the system 1822:1846 Additionally, the amylase of the system contained amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment. 30853534 13 88 contain contained 1848:1856 arg2 amylose 1858:1864 amylose 1858:1864 amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment 1858:1929 Additionally, the amylase of the system contained amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment. 30853534 8 89 theme system 1303:1308 arg1 type 1269:1272 the fluid type 1259:1272 the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics) 1259:1359 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 0 90 theme structural 69:78 arg1 features 80:87 structural features 69:87 structural features 69:87 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 5 91 theme nonultrasound-treated 857:877 arg1 milk 887:890 the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk 853:890 the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk 853:890 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 2 92 theme structural 480:489 arg1 features 491:498 structural features 480:498 structural features 480:498 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 2 93 theme added 507:511 arg1 emulsion 526:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 the added coconut milk emulsion 503:533 The stability and structural features of the added coconut milk emulsion were studied. 30853534 1 94 theme maize 323:327 arg1 kernels 329:335 maize kernels 323:335 maize kernels 323:335 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 15 95 theme space 2206:2210 arg1 effects 2212:2218 space effects 2206:2218 space effects 2206:2218 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 8 96 theme pseudoplastic 1324:1336 arg1 characteristics 1344:1358 pseudoplastic fluid characteristics 1324:1358 pseudoplastic fluid characteristics 1324:1358 However, ultrasonic treatment did not change the fluid type of the coconut milk compound system (which showed pseudoplastic fluid characteristics). 30853534 0 97 theme milk 106:109 arg1 systems 121:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems 92:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents 92:194 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 9 98 from proportion 1366:1375 arg1 maize 1391:1395 maize 1391:1395 maize 1391:1395 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30853534 6 99 theme compound 984:991 arg1 system 993:998 the compound system 980:998 the compound system 980:998 The electronegativity of the compound system was significantly improved. 30853534 7 100 theme systems 1205:1211 arg1 stability 1188:1196 the stability 1184:1196 the stability of the systems 1184:1211 The electronegativity of the maize kernel and high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk systems was significantly decreased, and this change was beneficial to the stability of the systems. 30853534 0 101 theme systems 121:127 arg1 features 80:87 structural features 69:87 structural features 69:87 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 0 101 theme systems 121:127 arg1 stability 55:63 stability 55:63 stability 55:63 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 14 102 theme fat/protein 2020:2030 arg1 droplets 2032:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 10 103 theme apparent 1469:1476 arg1 viscosity 1478:1486 apparent viscosity 1469:1486 apparent viscosity 1469:1486 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 13 104 theme interfacial 1886:1896 arg1 layer 1898:1902 the interfacial layer 1882:1902 the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment 1882:1929 Additionally, the amylase of the system contained amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment. 30853534 1 105 theme amylose 363:369 arg1 contents 371:378 different amylose contents 353:378 different amylose contents 353:378 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 14 106 theme coconut 2007:2013 arg1 droplets 2032:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 coconut milk fat/protein droplets 2007:2039 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 1 107 dep kernels 329:335 arg1 e.g. 317:320 e.g. 317:320 e.g. 317:320 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 13 108 theme system 1841:1846 arg1 amylase 1826:1832 the amylase 1822:1832 the amylase of the system 1822:1846 Additionally, the amylase of the system contained amylose encapsulated in the interfacial layer after ultrasound treatment. 30853534 0 109 theme ultrasound 25:34 arg1 irradiation 36:46 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 10:46 high-intensity ultrasound irradiation 10:46 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 5 110 theme size 936:939 arg1 distribution 941:952 a monomodal size distribution 924:952 a monomodal size distribution 924:952 After ultrasonic treatment, the particle sizes were found to be smaller than those in the nonultrasound-treated coconut milk, and the particles demonstrated a monomodal size distribution. 30853534 3 111 theme coconut 638:644 arg1 milk 646:649 coconut milk 638:649 coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch 638:680 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 4 112 theme amylopectin 731:741 arg1 proportion 717:726 a high proportion 710:726 a high proportion of amylopectin 710:741 However, coconut milk with a high proportion of amylopectin had the best stability. 30853534 1 113 theme different 290:298 arg1 additives 306:314 different maize additives 290:314 different maize additives 290:314 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 0 114 dep stability 55:63 arg1 the 51:53 the 51:53 the 51:53 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 11 115 theme starch 1602:1607 arg1 system 1609:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 0 116 theme composite 111:119 arg1 systems 121:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems 92:127 coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents 92:194 Effect of high-intensity ultrasound irradiation on the stability and structural features of coconut-grain milk composite systems utilizing maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents. 30853534 10 117 theme maize 1534:1538 arg1 system 1560:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system 1517:1565 The apparent viscosity and crystallization order of the high-amylose maize starch-coconut milk system were high. 30853534 3 118 theme maize 669:673 arg1 starch 675:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 high-amylose maize starch 656:680 Comparing the mechanical emulsifications, coconut milk with maize kernels was similar to coconut milk with high-amylose maize starch. 30853534 11 119 theme waxy 1591:1594 arg1 system 1609:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 the waxy maize starch system 1587:1614 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 11 120 with liquid 1663:1668 arg1 treatment 1686:1694 ultrasonic treatment 1675:1694 ultrasonic treatment 1675:1694 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 14 121 theme maize 1966:1970 arg1 starch 1972:1977 waxy maize starch 1961:1977 waxy maize starch 1961:1977 The tiny gel beads formed by waxy maize starch had a good fusion effect on coconut milk fat/protein droplets. 30853534 11 122 theme complex 1628:1634 arg1 viscosity 1636:1644 high complex viscosity 1623:1644 high complex viscosity 1623:1644 However, the waxy maize starch system showed high complex viscosity and tended to be liquid with ultrasonic treatment. 30853534 1 123 theme composite 227:235 arg1 system 237:242 a coconut milk composite system 212:242 a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) 212:379 In this paper, a coconut milk composite system (glycerin monostearate as an emulsifier) with different maize additives (e.g., maize kernels and starch with different amylose contents) was treated with high-intensity ultrasound irradiation (HIUS, frequency 20 kHz). 30853534 15 124 theme milk 2100:2103 arg1 systems 2115:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 coconut-grain milk composite systems 2086:2121 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 12 125 theme system 1800:1805 arg1 distribution 1780:1791 the distribution 1776:1791 the distribution of the system 1776:1805 Ultrasound treatment reduced the particle size of coconut milk and homogenized the distribution of the system. 30853534 15 126 theme systems 2115:2121 arg1 stability 2073:2081 the stability 2069:2081 the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems 2069:2121 The results indicated that the stability of coconut-grain milk composite systems can be enhanced with the use of maize additives and ultrasound irradiation through space effects, electrostatic effects and continuous phase viscosity. 30853534 9 127 theme important 1404:1412 arg1 influence 1414:1422 an important influence 1401:1422 an important influence 1401:1422 The proportion of amylose in maize had an important influence on the stability of the compound system. 30797359 0 0 theme exudate 92:98 arg1 gum 100:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 5 1 from compounds 666:674 arg1 gums 687:690 exudate gums 679:690 exudate gums 679:690 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 6 2 theme intoxication 860:871 arg1 symptoms 848:855 symptoms 848:855 symptoms of intoxication associated with the administration of the gum 848:917 The toxicological evaluation performed on rats did not show symptoms of intoxication associated with the administration of the gum. 30797359 0 3 theme alba 87:90 arg1 gum 100:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 5 4 from concentration 713:725 arg1 gums 742:745 others gums 735:745 others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia 735:785 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 1 5 theme some 299:302 arg1 effects 288:294 possible adverse effects 271:294 possible adverse effects of some of its components 271:320 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 7 6 theme useful 942:947 arg1 evidence 949:956 useful evidence 942:956 useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 942:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 0 7 theme gum 100:102 arg1 composition 10:20 composition 10:20 composition 10:20 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 0 7 theme gum 100:102 arg1 properties 35:44 antioxidant properties 23:44 antioxidant properties 23:44 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 0 7 theme gum 100:102 arg1 assessment 64:73 toxicological assessment 50:73 toxicological assessment 50:73 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 4 8 theme filtrated 450:458 arg1 gum 460:462 The filtrated gum 446:462 The filtrated gum 446:462 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 7 9 theme G 990:990 arg1 use 983:985 the potential use 969:985 the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 969:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 7 10 with additive 1018:1025 arg1 benefit 1042:1048 the added benefit 1032:1048 the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 1032:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 2 11 theme employed 332:339 arg1 methods 354:360 Commonly employed purification methods 323:360 Commonly employed purification methods 323:360 Commonly employed purification methods were compared. 30797359 5 12 theme lower 707:711 arg1 concentration 713:725 lower concentration 707:725 lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia 707:785 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 4 13 theme flavonoids 508:517 arg1 concentration 480:492 a higher concentration 471:492 a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins 471:529 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 2 14 theme purification 341:352 arg1 methods 354:360 Commonly employed purification methods 323:360 Commonly employed purification methods 323:360 Commonly employed purification methods were compared. 30797359 5 15 theme others 735:740 arg1 gums 742:745 others gums 735:745 others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia 735:785 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 7 16 theme added 1036:1040 arg1 benefit 1042:1048 the added benefit 1032:1048 the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 1032:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 7 17 theme functional 1002:1011 arg1 food 1013:1016 a safe functional food 995:1016 a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 995:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 1 18 theme functional 162:171 arg1 properties 173:182 functional properties 162:182 functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 162:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 19 theme properties 173:182 arg1 study 153:157 the study 149:157 the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 149:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 0 20 theme antioxidant 23:33 arg1 properties 35:44 antioxidant properties 23:44 antioxidant properties 23:44 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 4 21 theme tannins 523:529 arg1 concentration 480:492 a higher concentration 471:492 a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins 471:529 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 3 22 theme compounds 435:443 arg1 loss 405:408 further loss 397:408 further loss of potentially bioactive compounds 397:443 Filtration prevents further loss of potentially bioactive compounds. 30797359 5 23 theme exudate 679:685 arg1 gums 687:690 exudate gums 679:690 exudate gums 679:690 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 4 24 theme antioxidant 590:600 arg1 properties 602:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 4 25 theme arabic 536:541 arg1 gum 543:545 arabic gum 536:545 arabic gum 536:545 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 1 26 from gum 239:241 arg1 present 206:212 present 206:212 present 206:212 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 3 27 theme further 397:403 arg1 loss 405:408 further loss 397:408 further loss of potentially bioactive compounds 397:443 Filtration prevents further loss of potentially bioactive compounds. 30797359 1 28 theme phytochemicals 191:204 arg1 properties 173:182 functional properties 162:182 functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 162:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 7 29 theme additive 1018:1025 arg1 food 1013:1016 a safe functional food 995:1016 a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 995:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 1 30 theme present 206:212 arg1 phytochemicals 191:204 the phytochemicals 187:204 the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 187:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 7 31 theme non-exploited 1075:1087 arg1 resource 1097:1104 a non-exploited natural resource 1073:1104 a non-exploited natural resource 1073:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 4 32 theme phenolics 497:505 arg1 concentration 480:492 a higher concentration 471:492 a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins 471:529 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 5 33 theme genus 761:765 arg1 Prosopis 767:774 genus Prosopis 761:774 genus Prosopis 761:774 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 1 34 from present 206:212 arg1 G 244:244 G 244:244 G 244:244 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 34 from present 206:212 arg1 gum 239:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum 217:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 217:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 0 35 theme toxicological 50:62 arg1 assessment 64:73 toxicological assessment 50:73 toxicological assessment 50:73 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 4 36 theme higher 473:478 arg1 concentration 480:492 a higher concentration 471:492 a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins 471:529 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 7 37 theme potential 973:981 arg1 use 983:985 the potential use 969:985 the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 969:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 1 38 theme possible 271:278 arg1 effects 288:294 possible adverse effects 271:294 possible adverse effects of some of its components 271:320 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 5 39 theme toxic 660:664 arg1 compounds 666:674 toxic compounds 660:674 toxic compounds in exudate gums 660:690 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 4 40 dep in 581:582 arg1 vitro 584:588 vitro 584:588 vitro 584:588 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 7 41 theme resource 1097:1104 arg1 advantage 1060:1068 advantage 1060:1068 advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 1060:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 1 42 theme work 127:130 arg1 objective 109:117 The objective 105:117 The objective of this work 105:130 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 4 43 theme better 574:579 arg1 properties 602:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 1 44 attach present 206:212 arg2 phytochemicals 191:204 the phytochemicals 187:204 the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 187:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 44 attach present 206:212 arg1 G 244:244 G 244:244 G 244:244 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 44 attach present 206:212 arg1 gum 239:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum 217:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 217:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 5 45 located found 698:702 arg2 tannins 628:634 tannins 628:634 tannins 628:634 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 5 45 located found 698:702 arg1 concentration 713:725 lower concentration 707:725 lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia 707:785 Particularly, tannins, commonly considered as toxic compounds in exudate gums, were found in lower concentration than in others gums obtained from genus Prosopis and Acacia. 30797359 1 46 theme Prosopis 217:224 arg1 G 244:244 G 244:244 G 244:244 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 46 theme Prosopis 217:224 arg1 gum 239:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum 217:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 217:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 0 47 theme Prosopis 78:85 arg1 gum 100:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Prosopis alba exudate gum 78:102 Phenolics composition, antioxidant properties and toxicological assessment of Prosopis alba exudate gum. 30797359 3 48 theme bioactive 425:433 arg1 compounds 435:443 potentially bioactive compounds 413:443 potentially bioactive compounds 413:443 Filtration prevents further loss of potentially bioactive compounds. 30797359 7 49 theme safe 997:1000 arg1 food 1013:1016 a safe functional food 995:1016 a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource 995:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 6 50 theme toxicological 792:804 arg1 evaluation 806:815 The toxicological evaluation 788:815 The toxicological evaluation performed on rats 788:833 The toxicological evaluation performed on rats did not show symptoms of intoxication associated with the administration of the gum. 30797359 1 51 theme alba 226:229 arg1 G 244:244 G 244:244 G 244:244 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 51 theme alba 226:229 arg1 gum 239:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum 217:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 217:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 7 52 theme natural 1089:1095 arg1 resource 1097:1104 a non-exploited natural resource 1073:1104 a non-exploited natural resource 1073:1104 These results provide useful evidence to support the potential use of G as a safe functional food additive with the added benefit of taking advantage of a non-exploited natural resource. 30797359 1 53 theme adverse 280:286 arg1 effects 288:294 possible adverse effects 271:294 possible adverse effects of some of its components 271:320 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 4 54 theme in 581:582 arg1 properties 602:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 better in vitro antioxidant properties 574:611 The filtrated gum showed a higher concentration of phenolics, flavonoids and tannins than arabic gum, which was correlated with better in vitro antioxidant properties. 30797359 6 55 theme gum 915:917 arg1 administration 893:906 the administration 889:906 the administration of the gum 889:917 The toxicological evaluation performed on rats did not show symptoms of intoxication associated with the administration of the gum. 30797359 1 56 theme exudate 231:237 arg1 G 244:244 G 244:244 G 244:244 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 30797359 1 56 theme exudate 231:237 arg1 gum 239:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum 217:241 Prosopis alba exudate gum (G) 217:245 The objective of this work was to deepen on the study of functional properties of the phytochemicals present in Prosopis alba exudate gum (G), as well as to rule out possible adverse effects of some of its components. 31298079 0 0 theme hepatocellular 99:112 arg1 carcinoma 114:122 hepatocellular carcinoma 99:122 hepatocellular carcinoma 99:122 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 5 1 theme active 837:842 arg1 ability 854:860 active targeting ability 837:860 active targeting ability 837:860 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 2 theme strong 901:906 arg1 cytotoxicity 908:919 strong cytotoxicity 901:919 strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor 901:999 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 2 3 theme doxorubicin 398:408 arg1 therapy 387:393 a combination therapy 373:393 a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin 373:424 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 5 4 theme coloaded 818:825 arg1 drugs 827:831 coloaded drugs 818:831 coloaded drugs 818:831 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 4 5 theme Cellular 632:639 arg1 uptake 641:646 Cellular uptake 632:646 Cellular uptake 632:646 Cellular uptake and drug retention, cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity were evaluated. 31298079 5 6 theme targeting 844:852 arg1 ability 854:860 active targeting ability 837:860 active targeting ability 837:860 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 6 7 theme promising 1058:1066 arg1 nanoplatform 1084:1095 a promising multifunctional nanoplatform 1056:1095 a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma 1056:1128 Conclusion: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes represent a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 5 8 theme intracellular 788:800 arg1 accumulation 802:813 intracellular accumulation 788:813 intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability 788:860 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 3 9 theme dissipative 601:611 arg1 dynamics 622:629 dissipative particle dynamics 601:629 dissipative particle dynamics 601:629 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 6 10 theme multifunctional 1068:1082 arg1 nanoplatform 1084:1095 a promising multifunctional nanoplatform 1056:1095 a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma 1056:1128 Conclusion: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes represent a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 11 dep materials 437:445 arg1 simulate 451:458 simulate 451:458 simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics 451:629 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 12 theme ethylene 547:554 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 12 theme ethylene 547:554 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 13 theme methyl 535:540 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 13 theme methyl 535:540 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 13 theme methyl 535:540 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 14 theme poly 542:545 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 14 theme poly 542:545 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 14 theme poly 542:545 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 5 15 theme HepG2/ADR 985:993 arg1 tumor 995:999 HepG2/ADR tumor 985:999 HepG2/ADR tumor 985:999 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 1 16 theme poor 183:186 arg1 efficacy 200:207 poor therapeutic efficacy 183:207 poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma 183:255 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 5 17 theme efflux 871:876 arg1 inhibition 878:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 4 18 theme in 682:683 arg1 efficacy 700:707 in vivo antitumor efficacy 682:707 in vivo antitumor efficacy 682:707 Cellular uptake and drug retention, cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity were evaluated. 31298079 1 19 theme therapeutic 188:198 arg1 efficacy 200:207 poor therapeutic efficacy 183:207 poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma 183:255 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 20 theme & 435:435 arg1 materials 437:445 Methods & materials 427:445 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 427:630 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 21 theme particle 613:620 arg1 dynamics 622:629 dissipative particle dynamics 601:629 dissipative particle dynamics 601:629 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 22 theme composited 464:473 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 22 theme composited 464:473 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 22 theme composited 464:473 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 0 23 theme Assembly 0:7 arg1 simulation 9:18 Assembly simulation 0:18 Assembly simulation 0:18 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 24 theme structure 475:483 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 24 theme structure 475:483 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 24 theme structure 475:483 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 0 25 theme synergistic 24:34 arg1 chemotherapy 36:47 synergistic chemotherapy 24:47 synergistic chemotherapy 24:47 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 5 26 theme TLA/mPP 747:753 arg1 polymersomes 766:777 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 747:777 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 747:777 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 2 27 theme multidrug 340:348 arg1 resistance 350:359 tumor multidrug resistance 334:359 tumor multidrug resistance 334:359 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 1 28 theme monotherapy 212:222 arg1 efficacy 200:207 poor therapeutic efficacy 183:207 poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma 183:255 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 29 theme Methods 427:433 arg1 materials 437:445 Methods & materials 427:445 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 427:630 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 5 30 theme composited 755:764 arg1 polymersomes 766:777 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 747:777 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 747:777 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 2 31 theme tumor 334:338 arg1 resistance 350:359 tumor multidrug resistance 334:359 tumor multidrug resistance 334:359 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 1 32 theme side 162:165 arg1 effects 167:173 severe side effects 155:173 severe side effects 155:173 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 6 33 theme composited 1022:1031 arg1 polymersomes 1033:1044 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 1014:1044 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 1014:1044 Conclusion: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes represent a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 34 theme conjugate 510:518 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 34 theme conjugate 510:518 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 34 theme conjugate 510:518 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 5 35 theme tumor 956:960 arg1 inhibition 962:971 potent tumor inhibition 949:971 potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) 949:979 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 35 theme tumor 956:960 arg1 % 978:978 93.5% 974:978 93.5% 974:978 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 1 36 theme hepatocellular 232:245 arg1 carcinoma 247:255 hepatocellular carcinoma 232:255 hepatocellular carcinoma 232:255 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 3 37 theme of TPGS-lactobionic 485:503 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 37 theme of TPGS-lactobionic 485:503 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 37 theme of TPGS-lactobionic 485:503 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 6 38 theme TLA/mPP 1014:1020 arg1 polymersomes 1033:1044 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 1014:1044 TLA/mPP composited polymersomes 1014:1044 Conclusion: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes represent a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 5 39 theme potent 949:954 arg1 inhibition 962:971 potent tumor inhibition 949:971 potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) 949:979 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 39 theme potent 949:954 arg1 % 978:978 93.5% 974:978 93.5% 974:978 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 40 theme HepG2/ADR 929:937 arg1 cells 939:943 HepG2/ADR cells 929:943 HepG2/ADR cells 929:943 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 41 theme P-gp 866:869 arg1 inhibition 878:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 4 42 theme antitumor 690:698 arg1 efficacy 700:707 in vivo antitumor efficacy 682:707 in vivo antitumor efficacy 682:707 Cellular uptake and drug retention, cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity were evaluated. 31298079 4 43 dep in 682:683 arg1 vivo 685:688 vivo 685:688 vivo 685:688 Cellular uptake and drug retention, cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity were evaluated. 31298079 1 44 theme Multidrug 130:138 arg1 resistance 140:149 Multidrug resistance 130:149 Multidrug resistance 130:149 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 0 45 theme TPGS 52:55 arg1 simulation 9:18 Assembly simulation 0:18 Assembly simulation 0:18 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 0 45 theme TPGS 52:55 arg1 chemotherapy 36:47 synergistic chemotherapy 24:47 synergistic chemotherapy 24:47 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 2 46 theme combination 375:385 arg1 therapy 387:393 a combination therapy 373:393 a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin 373:424 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 3 47 theme modified 526:533 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 47 theme modified 526:533 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 47 theme modified 526:533 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 2 48 theme nanocomposite 287:299 arg1 system 301:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 1 49 theme severe 155:160 arg1 effects 167:173 severe side effects 155:173 severe side effects 155:173 Aim: Multidrug resistance and severe side effects lead to poor therapeutic efficacy of monotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 4 50 theme drug 652:655 arg1 retention 657:665 drug retention 652:665 drug retention 652:665 Cellular uptake and drug retention, cytotoxicity, in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity were evaluated. 31298079 5 51 theme drugs 827:831 arg1 accumulation 802:813 intracellular accumulation 788:813 intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability 788:860 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 5 51 theme drugs 827:831 arg1 inhibition 878:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 P-gp efflux inhibition 866:887 Results: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes improved intracellular accumulation of coloaded drugs via active targeting ability and P-gp efflux inhibition, leading to strong cytotoxicity against HepG2/ADR cells and potent tumor inhibition (93.5%) for HepG2/ADR tumor. 31298079 2 52 theme codelivery 276:285 arg1 system 301:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 3 53 theme TLA 521:523 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 53 theme TLA 521:523 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 53 theme TLA 521:523 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 2 54 theme oxaliplatin 414:424 arg1 therapy 387:393 a combination therapy 373:393 a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin 373:424 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 3 55 theme acid 505:508 arg1 glycol 556:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 ethylene glycol 547:561 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 55 theme acid 505:508 arg1 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 mPP 577:579 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 3 55 theme acid 505:508 arg1 -polylactide  563:575 composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide  464:575 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 0 56 theme functionalized 68:81 arg1 TPGS 52:55 TPGS 52:55 TPGS derivative functionalized 52:81 Assembly simulation and synergistic chemotherapy of TPGS derivative functionalized polymersomes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 31298079 2 57 theme targeting 266:274 arg1 system 301:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system 264:306 Here, a targeting codelivery nanocomposite system is constructed to reverse tumor multidrug resistance and realize a combination therapy of doxorubicin and oxaliplatin. 31298079 3 58 theme -polylactide  563:575 arg1 polymersomes 582:593 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes 460:593 Methods & materials: We simulate the composited structure of TPGS-lactobionic acid conjugate (TLA) modified methyl poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (mPP) polymersomes using dissipative particle dynamics. 31298079 6 59 theme hepatocellular 1105:1118 arg1 carcinoma 1120:1128 hepatocellular carcinoma 1105:1128 hepatocellular carcinoma 1105:1128 Conclusion: TLA/mPP composited polymersomes represent a promising multifunctional nanoplatform against hepatocellular carcinoma. 30997002 6 0 theme activated 940:948 arg1 IM-MS 950:954 activated IM-MS 940:954 activated IM-MS 940:954 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 4 1 theme attached 672:679 arg1 N-glycans 681:689 the attached N-glycans 668:689 the attached N-glycans 668:689 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 6 2 theme glycans 977:983 arg1 influence 964:972 the influence 960:972 the influence of glycans on the mAb 960:994 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 3 3 from level 497:501 arg1 equivalence 463:473 equivalence 463:473 equivalence at the intact protein level 463:501 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 1 4 theme measurable 163:172 arg1 variations 174:183 the measurable variations 159:183 the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product 159:231 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 5 5 theme deglycosylated 905:918 arg1 protein 920:926 the fully deglycosylated protein 895:926 the fully deglycosylated protein 895:926 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 3 6 theme different 566:574 arg1 approaches 594:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 5 7 gly deglycosylated 905:918 arg1 protein 920:926 the fully deglycosylated protein 895:926 the fully deglycosylated protein 895:926 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 1 8 theme Herceptin® 274:283 arg1 standards 294:302 Herceptin®, two mAb standards 274:302 standards 294:302 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 0 9 theme glycosylation 92:104 arg1 effects 81:87 the effects 77:87 the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin® 77:144 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 7 10 theme based 1210:1214 arg1 characterisation 1216:1231 MS based characterisation 1207:1231 MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs 1207:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 7 11 theme MS 1207:1208 arg1 characterisation 1216:1231 MS based characterisation 1207:1231 MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs 1207:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 0 12 theme tertiary 113:120 arg1 structure 122:130 the tertiary structure 109:130 the tertiary structure of Herceptin® 109:144 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 7 13 theme novel 1252:1256 arg1 mAbs 1270:1273 novel therapeutic mAbs 1252:1273 novel therapeutic mAbs 1252:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 6 14 from influence 964:972 arg1 mAb 992:994 the mAb 988:994 the mAb 988:994 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 2 15 dep states 367:372 arg1 glycan 375:380 glycan 375:380 three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated 361:452 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 5 16 theme spectrometry 782:793 arg1 data 804:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data 749:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data 749:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 5 17 theme Hydrogen/deuterium 749:766 arg1 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 5 17 theme Hydrogen/deuterium 749:766 arg1 spectrometry 782:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry 749:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data 749:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 3 18 theme Herceptin® 516:525 arg1 Herceptin® 516:525 Herceptin® 516:525 Herceptin® 516:525 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 3 18 theme Herceptin® 516:525 arg1 lot 509:511 each lot 504:511 each lot of Herceptin® 504:525 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 6 19 theme Fc 1054:1055 arg1 domains 1057:1063 the Fc domains 1050:1063 the Fc domains 1050:1063 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 2 20 theme intact 382:387 arg1 glycan 375:380 glycan 375:380 three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated 361:452 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 0 21 theme mass 7:10 arg1 methods 25:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 7 22 theme mAbs 1270:1273 arg1 characterisation 1216:1231 MS based characterisation 1207:1231 MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs 1207:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 0 23 gly glycosylation 92:104 arg1 Herceptin® 135:144 Herceptin® 135:144 Herceptin® 135:144 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 7 24 theme supplied 1125:1132 arg1 sets 1151:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 5 25 theme deuterium 841:849 arg1 uptake 851:856 lower global deuterium uptake 828:856 lower global deuterium uptake in solution 828:868 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 0 26 theme Hybrid 0:5 arg1 methods 25:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 1 27 theme mAb 290:292 arg1 standards 294:302 Herceptin®, two mAb standards 274:302 standards 294:302 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 3 28 theme distinctive 535:545 arg1 signature 547:555 a distinctive signature 533:555 a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches 533:603 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 2 29 theme endoS2 411:416 arg1 treatment 418:426 endoS2 treatment 411:426 endoS2 treatment 411:426 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 0 30 theme spectrometry 12:23 arg1 methods 25:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods 0:31 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 1 31 theme standards 294:302 arg1 standards 294:302 Herceptin®, two mAb standards 274:302 standards 294:302 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 1 31 theme standards 294:302 arg1 lots 266:269 three lots 260:269 three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment 260:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 1 31 theme standards 294:302 arg1 fragment 327:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 1 32 dep evaluate 251:258 arg1 quantify 150:157 quantify 150:157 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product 147:231 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 4 33 theme mAb 732:734 arg1 spread 717:722 the conformational spread 698:722 the conformational spread of each mAb 698:734 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 0 34 theme lot-to-lot 40:49 arg1 differences 51:61 lot-to-lot differences 40:61 lot-to-lot differences 40:61 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 7 35 theme therapeutic 1258:1268 arg1 mAbs 1270:1273 novel therapeutic mAbs 1252:1273 novel therapeutic mAbs 1252:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 0 36 from effects 81:87 arg1 structure 122:130 the tertiary structure 109:130 the tertiary structure of Herceptin® 109:144 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 3 37 theme spectrometry 581:592 arg1 approaches 594:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 1 38 theme biopharmaceutical 207:223 arg1 product 225:231 a biopharmaceutical product 205:231 a biopharmaceutical product 205:231 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 5 39 theme exchange 768:775 arg1 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 5 39 theme exchange 768:775 arg1 spectrometry 782:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry 749:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data 749:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 0 40 theme Herceptin® 135:144 arg1 structure 122:130 the tertiary structure 109:130 the tertiary structure of Herceptin® 109:144 Hybrid mass spectrometry methods reveal lot-to-lot differences and delineate the effects of glycosylation on the tertiary structure of Herceptin®. 30997002 2 41 dep truncated 390:398 arg1 treatment 418:426 endoS2 treatment 411:426 endoS2 treatment 411:426 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 1 42 theme product 225:231 arg1 structure 192:200 the structure 188:200 the structure of a biopharmaceutical product 188:231 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 5 43 theme mass 777:780 arg1 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 HDX-MS 796:801 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 5 43 theme mass 777:780 arg1 spectrometry 782:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry 749:793 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data 749:807 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 1 44 theme intact 311:316 arg1 fragment 327:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 2 45 gly deglycosylated 439:452 arg1 glycan 375:380 glycan 375:380 three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated 361:452 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 3 46 theme intact 482:487 arg1 level 497:501 the intact protein level 478:501 the intact protein level 478:501 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 2 47 theme deglycosylated 439:452 arg1 glycan 375:380 glycan 375:380 three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated 361:452 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 1 48 theme Fc-hinge 318:325 arg1 fragment 327:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 3 49 theme mass 576:579 arg1 approaches 594:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 7 50 theme acceptance 1166:1175 arg1 criteria 1177:1184 acceptance criteria 1166:1184 acceptance criteria 1166:1184 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 3 51 theme protein 489:495 arg1 level 497:501 the intact protein level 478:501 the intact protein level 478:501 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 1 52 theme fragment 327:334 arg1 standards 294:302 Herceptin®, two mAb standards 274:302 standards 294:302 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 1 52 theme fragment 327:334 arg1 lots 266:269 three lots 260:269 three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment 260:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 1 52 theme fragment 327:334 arg1 fragment 327:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 an intact Fc-hinge fragment 308:334 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 4 53 theme conformational 702:715 arg1 spread 717:722 the conformational spread 698:722 the conformational spread of each mAb 698:734 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 3 54 from signature 547:555 arg1 approaches 594:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 three different mass spectrometry approaches 560:603 Despite equivalence at the intact protein level, each lot of Herceptin® gives a distinctive signature in three different mass spectrometry approaches. 30997002 4 55 theme Ion 606:608 arg1 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 4 55 theme Ion 606:608 arg1 spectrometry 624:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry 606:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) 606:643 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 6 56 theme Fab 1074:1076 arg1 region 1078:1083 the Fab region 1070:1083 the Fab region 1070:1083 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 7 57 theme biosimilars 1236:1246 arg1 characterisation 1216:1231 MS based characterisation 1207:1231 MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs 1207:1273 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 2 58 theme truncated 390:398 arg1 glycan 375:380 glycan 375:380 three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated 361:452 Each mAb is examined in three states; glycan intact, truncated (following endoS2 treatment) and fully deglycosylated. 30997002 5 59 from uptake 851:856 arg1 solution 861:868 solution 861:868 solution 861:868 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 5 60 theme global 834:839 arg1 uptake 851:856 lower global deuterium uptake 828:856 lower global deuterium uptake in solution 828:868 Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) data support this, with lower global deuterium uptake in solution when comparing intact to the fully deglycosylated protein. 30997002 4 61 theme mass 619:622 arg1 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 4 61 theme mass 619:622 arg1 spectrometry 624:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry 606:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) 606:643 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 7 62 theme data 1146:1149 arg1 sets 1151:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 1 63 from variations 174:183 arg1 structure 192:200 the structure 188:200 the structure of a biopharmaceutical product 188:231 To quantify the measurable variations in the structure of a biopharmaceutical product we systematically evaluate three lots of Herceptin®, two mAb standards and an intact Fc-hinge fragment. 30997002 6 64 theme allosteric 1007:1016 arg1 effects 1018:1024 allosteric effects 1007:1024 allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region 1007:1083 HDX-MS and activated IM-MS map the influence of glycans on the mAb and reveal allosteric effects which extend far beyond the Fc domains into the Fab region. 30997002 7 65 theme interactive 1134:1144 arg1 sets 1151:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 the supplied interactive data sets 1121:1154 Taken together, these findings and the supplied interactive data sets establish acceptance criteria with application for MS based characterisation of biosimilars and novel therapeutic mAbs. 30997002 4 66 theme mobility 610:617 arg1 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 IM-MS 638:642 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30997002 4 66 theme mobility 610:617 arg1 spectrometry 624:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry 606:635 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) 606:643 Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) shows that in the API, the attached N-glycans reduce the conformational spread of each mAb by 10.5-25%. 30940081 4 0 theme association 569:579 arg1 study 581:585 a genome-wide association study 555:585 a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 555:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 10 1 theme endosperm 1584:1592 arg1 structure 1594:1602 the starch endosperm structure 1573:1602 the starch endosperm structure in maize 1573:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 7 2 theme genetic 1102:1108 arg1 relatedness 1110:1120 genetic relatedness 1102:1120 genetic relatedness 1102:1120 SNP-trait associations were tested using a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness. 30940081 10 3 theme strongest 1442:1450 arg1 region 1470:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 3 theme strongest 1442:1450 arg1 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 2 4 theme improved 258:265 arg1 quality 267:273 improved quality 258:273 improved quality 258:273 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 8 5 theme quality-related 1201:1215 arg1 traits 1217:1222 the 11 different quality-related traits 1184:1222 the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated 1184:1232 Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. 30940081 11 6 dep CONCLUSIONS 1614:1624 arg1 allowed 1637:1643 allowed 1637:1643 allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs 1637:2019 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 4 7 theme maize 667:671 arg1 flour 683:687 maize wholemeal flour 667:687 maize wholemeal flour 667:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 4 8 contain carried 543:549 arg1 we 540:541 we 540:541 we 540:541 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 4 8 contain carried 543:549 arg2 study 581:585 a genome-wide association study 555:585 a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 555:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 4 8 contain carried 543:549 arg3 work 535:538 this work 530:538 this work 530:538 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 5 9 theme harvested 857:865 arg1 samples 867:873 harvested samples 857:873 harvested samples 857:873 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 11 10 theme genomic 1820:1826 arg1 regions 1828:1834 the quality-associated genomic regions 1797:1834 the quality-associated genomic regions 1797:1834 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 7 11 theme linear 1074:1079 arg1 model 1081:1085 a mixed linear model 1066:1085 a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness 1066:1120 SNP-trait associations were tested using a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness. 30940081 2 12 theme complex 280:286 arg1 task 288:291 a complex task 278:291 a complex task 278:291 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 2 12 theme complex 280:286 arg1 breeding 245:252 breeding 245:252 breeding for improved quality 245:273 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 5 13 with lines 733:737 arg1 representation 760:773 a considerable representation 745:773 a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 745:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 11 14 theme promising 1849:1857 arg1 regions 1866:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 9 15 theme potential 1289:1297 arg1 genes 1309:1313 potential candidate genes 1289:1313 potential candidate genes 1289:1313 Regions controlling multiple traits were detected and potential candidate genes identified. 30940081 11 16 theme breeding 2003:2010 arg1 programs 2012:2019 maize breeding programs 1997:2019 maize breeding programs 1997:2019 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 5 17 theme flour 920:924 arg1 parameters 934:943 flour pasting parameters 920:943 flour pasting parameters 920:943 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 4 18 theme flour 683:687 arg1 properties 653:662 compositional and pasting properties 627:662 compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 627:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 11 19 theme candidate 1761:1769 arg1 genes 1771:1775 candidate genes 1761:1775 candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions 1761:1834 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 0 20 theme pasting 63:69 arg1 behavior 71:78 flour pasting behavior 57:78 flour pasting behavior 57:78 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 1 21 theme high 136:139 arg1 demand 141:146 high demand 136:146 high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality 136:233 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 5 22 theme main 893:896 arg1 traits 912:917 main compositional traits 893:917 main compositional traits 893:917 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 10 23 theme associated 1459:1468 arg1 region 1470:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 23 theme associated 1459:1468 arg1 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 1 24 theme BACKGROUND 106:115 arg1 Maize 117:121 BACKGROUND Maize 106:121 BACKGROUND Maize 106:121 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 1 24 theme BACKGROUND 106:115 arg1 crop 128:131 a crop 126:131 a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality 126:233 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 0 25 theme maize 93:97 arg1 flour 99:103 wholemeal maize flour 83:103 wholemeal maize flour 83:103 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 10 26 theme dull 1498:1501 arg1 gene 1515:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene 1494:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize 1494:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 26 theme dull 1498:1501 arg1 synthase 1542:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 2 27 dep tools 318:322 arg1 select 327:332 select 327:332 to select for better quality products 324:360 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 3 28 theme flour 406:410 arg1 behavior 420:427 flour pasting behavior 406:427 flour pasting behavior 406:427 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 0 29 theme Genome-wide 0:10 arg1 association 12:22 Genome-wide association 0:22 Genome-wide association 0:22 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 2 30 theme quality 345:351 arg1 products 353:360 better quality products 338:360 better quality products 338:360 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 3 31 theme particle 440:447 arg1 size 449:452 flour particle size 434:452 flour particle size 434:452 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 5 32 theme mean 949:952 arg1 size 963:966 mean particle size 949:966 mean particle size 949:966 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 11 33 theme traits 1948:1953 arg1 selection 1955:1963 quality traits selection 1940:1963 quality traits selection (such as "breadability") 1940:1988 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 0 34 theme kernel 34:39 arg1 composition 41:51 kernel composition 34:51 kernel composition 34:51 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 11 35 from regions 1670:1676 arg1 genome 1691:1696 the maize genome 1681:1696 the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior 1681:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 36 theme kernel 1714:1719 arg1 composition 1721:1731 maize kernel composition 1708:1731 maize kernel composition 1708:1731 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 5 37 theme used 787:790 arg1 germplasm 810:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 8 38 theme Fifty-seven 1123:1133 arg1 regions 1143:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions 1123:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions 1123:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. 30940081 10 39 from structure 1594:1602 arg1 maize 1607:1611 maize 1607:1611 maize 1607:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 11 40 dep selection 1955:1963 arg1 such 1966:1969 such 1966:1969 such 1966:1969 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 41 theme pasting 1743:1749 arg1 behavior 1751:1758 flour pasting behavior 1737:1758 flour pasting behavior 1737:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 1 42 dep worldwide 180:188 arg1 concerned 207:215 concerned 207:215 are increasingly concerned with food quality 190:233 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 11 43 theme selection 1955:1963 arg1 efficiency 1926:1935 efficiency 1926:1935 efficiency 1926:1935 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 43 theme selection 1955:1963 arg1 efficacy 1913:1920 efficacy 1913:1920 efficacy 1913:1920 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 0 44 theme flour 57:61 arg1 behavior 71:78 flour pasting behavior 57:78 flour pasting behavior 57:78 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 5 45 theme considerable 747:758 arg1 representation 760:773 a considerable representation 745:773 a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 745:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 2 46 theme better 338:343 arg1 products 353:360 better quality products 338:360 better quality products 338:360 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 11 47 theme relevant 1661:1668 arg1 regions 1670:1676 relevant regions 1661:1676 relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior 1661:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 4 48 theme genome-wide 557:567 arg1 study 581:585 a genome-wide association study 555:585 a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 555:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 10 49 theme starch 1577:1582 arg1 structure 1594:1602 the starch endosperm structure 1573:1602 the starch endosperm structure in maize 1573:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 3 50 theme food 513:516 arg1 quality 518:524 maize-based food quality 501:524 maize-based food quality 501:524 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 1 51 theme food 152:155 arg1 purposes 157:164 food purposes 152:164 food purposes 152:164 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 4 52 theme pasting 645:651 arg1 properties 653:662 compositional and pasting properties 627:662 compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 627:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 11 53 theme maize 1685:1689 arg1 genome 1691:1696 the maize genome 1681:1696 the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior 1681:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 8 54 theme different 1191:1199 arg1 traits 1217:1222 the 11 different quality-related traits 1184:1222 the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated 1184:1232 Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. 30940081 7 55 theme mixed 1068:1072 arg1 model 1081:1085 a mixed linear model 1066:1085 a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness 1066:1120 SNP-trait associations were tested using a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness. 30940081 9 56 theme multiple 1255:1262 arg1 traits 1264:1269 multiple traits 1255:1269 multiple traits 1255:1269 Regions controlling multiple traits were detected and potential candidate genes identified. 30940081 1 57 theme worldwide 180:188 arg1 purposes 157:164 food purposes 152:164 food purposes 152:164 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 11 58 theme regions 1828:1834 arg1 majority 1785:1792 the majority 1781:1792 the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions 1781:1834 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 59 theme breadability 1975:1986 arg1 " 1987:1987 "breadability" 1974:1987 "breadability" 1974:1987 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 4 60 theme compositional 627:639 arg1 properties 653:662 compositional and pasting properties 627:662 compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 627:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 11 61 theme target 1859:1864 arg1 regions 1866:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 5 62 theme compositional 898:910 arg1 traits 912:917 main compositional traits 893:917 main compositional traits 893:917 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 11 63 from genes 1771:1775 arg1 genome 1691:1696 the maize genome 1681:1696 the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior 1681:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 64 theme most 1844:1847 arg1 regions 1866:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 the most promising target regions 1840:1872 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 7 65 theme SNP-trait 1025:1033 arg1 associations 1035:1046 SNP-trait associations 1025:1046 SNP-trait associations 1025:1046 SNP-trait associations were tested using a mixed linear model accounting for genetic relatedness. 30940081 9 66 theme candidate 1299:1307 arg1 genes 1309:1313 potential candidate genes 1289:1313 potential candidate genes 1289:1313 Regions controlling multiple traits were detected and potential candidate genes identified. 30940081 11 67 theme maize 1997:2001 arg1 programs 2012:2019 maize breeding programs 1997:2019 maize breeding programs 1997:2019 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 6 68 theme MaizeSNP50 1007:1016 arg1 array 1018:1022 the MaizeSNP50 array 1003:1022 the MaizeSNP50 array 1003:1022 The collection was genotyped with the MaizeSNP50 array. 30940081 4 69 theme wholemeal 673:681 arg1 flour 683:687 maize wholemeal flour 667:687 maize wholemeal flour 667:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 5 70 theme inbred 726:731 arg1 lines 733:737 132 diverse inbred lines 714:737 132 diverse inbred lines 714:737 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 0 71 theme wholemeal 83:91 arg1 flour 99:103 wholemeal maize flour 83:103 wholemeal maize flour 83:103 Genome-wide association study for kernel composition and flour pasting behavior in wholemeal maize flour. 30940081 11 72 theme quality-associated 1801:1818 arg1 regions 1828:1834 the quality-associated genomic regions 1797:1834 the quality-associated genomic regions 1797:1834 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 5 73 theme diverse 718:724 arg1 lines 733:737 132 diverse inbred lines 714:737 132 diverse inbred lines 714:737 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 5 74 theme particle 954:961 arg1 size 963:966 mean particle size 949:966 mean particle size 949:966 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 5 75 dep RESULTS 690:696 arg1 collection 700:709 A collection 698:709 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, 690:819 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 10 76 theme common 1452:1457 arg1 region 1470:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 the strongest common associated region 1438:1475 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 76 theme common 1452:1457 arg1 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 located 1481:1487 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 5 77 theme lines 733:737 arg1 collection 700:709 A collection 698:709 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, 690:819 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 8 78 dep identified 1156:1165 arg1 associated 1168:1177 associated 1168:1177 associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated 1168:1232 Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. 30940081 11 79 from regions 1866:1872 arg1 genome 1691:1696 the maize genome 1681:1696 the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior 1681:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 11 80 theme quality 1940:1946 arg1 traits 1948:1953 quality traits 1940:1953 quality traits selection (such as "breadability") 1940:1988 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 5 81 theme Portuguese 792:801 arg1 germplasm 810:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 1 82 from crop 128:131 arg1 demand 141:146 high demand 136:146 high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality 136:233 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 5 83 theme pasting 926:932 arg1 parameters 934:943 flour pasting parameters 920:943 flour pasting parameters 920:943 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 10 84 theme viscosity 1350:1358 arg1 parameters 1360:1369 two viscosity parameters 1346:1369 two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell 1346:1435 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 3 85 theme pasting 412:418 arg1 behavior 420:427 flour pasting behavior 406:427 flour pasting behavior 406:427 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 5 86 theme germplasm 810:818 arg1 representation 760:773 a considerable representation 745:773 a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 745:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 5 87 theme unique 803:808 arg1 germplasm 810:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 10 88 theme endosperm 1503:1511 arg1 gene 1515:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene 1494:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize 1494:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 88 theme endosperm 1503:1511 arg1 synthase 1542:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 11 89 theme maize 1708:1712 arg1 composition 1721:1731 maize kernel composition 1708:1731 maize kernel composition 1708:1731 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 3 90 theme flour 434:438 arg1 size 449:452 flour particle size 434:452 flour particle size 434:452 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 5 91 theme food 782:785 arg1 germplasm 810:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 the food used Portuguese unique germplasm 778:818 RESULTS A collection of 132 diverse inbred lines, with a considerable representation of the food used Portuguese unique germplasm, was trialed during two seasons, and harvested samples characterized for main compositional traits, flour pasting parameters and mean particle size. 30940081 10 92 from determinant 1558:1568 arg1 structure 1594:1602 the starch endosperm structure 1573:1602 the starch endosperm structure in maize 1573:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 3 93 theme Kernel 386:391 arg1 composition 393:403 Kernel composition 386:403 Kernel composition 386:403 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30940081 10 94 theme starch 1535:1540 arg1 gene 1515:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene 1494:1518 the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize 1494:1611 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 10 94 theme starch 1535:1540 arg1 synthase 1542:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 a starch synthase 1533:1549 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 11 95 theme molecular 1885:1893 arg1 tools 1895:1899 molecular tools 1885:1899 molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs 1885:2019 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 8 96 theme genomic 1135:1141 arg1 regions 1143:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions 1123:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions 1123:1149 Fifty-seven genomic regions were identified, associated with the 11 different quality-related traits evaluated. 30940081 11 97 theme flour 1737:1741 arg1 behavior 1751:1758 flour pasting behavior 1737:1758 flour pasting behavior 1737:1758 CONCLUSIONS This study allowed for identifying relevant regions on the maize genome affecting maize kernel composition and flour pasting behavior, candidate genes for the majority of the quality-associated genomic regions, or the most promising target regions to develop molecular tools to increase efficacy and efficiency of quality traits selection (such as "breadability") within maize breeding programs. 30940081 10 98 theme starch 1404:1409 arg1 capacity 1388:1395 the capacity 1384:1395 the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell 1384:1435 As an example, for two viscosity parameters that reflect the capacity of the starch to absorb water and swell, the strongest common associated region was located near the dull endosperm 1 gene that encodes a starch synthase and is determinant on the starch endosperm structure in maize. 30940081 2 99 theme developing 307:316 arg1 tools 318:322 developing tools 307:322 developing tools to select for better quality products 307:360 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 1 100 theme food 222:225 arg1 quality 227:233 food quality 222:233 food quality 222:233 BACKGROUND Maize is a crop in high demand for food purposes and consumers worldwide are increasingly concerned with food quality. 30940081 2 101 theme great 368:372 arg1 importance 374:383 great importance 368:383 great importance 368:383 However, breeding for improved quality is a complex task and therefore developing tools to select for better quality products is of great importance. 30940081 4 102 theme genomic 599:605 arg1 regions 607:613 genomic regions 599:613 genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour 599:687 In this work we carried out a genome-wide association study to identify genomic regions controlling compositional and pasting properties of maize wholemeal flour. 30940081 3 103 theme maize-based 501:511 arg1 quality 518:524 maize-based food quality 501:524 maize-based food quality 501:524 Kernel composition, flour pasting behavior, and flour particle size have been previously identified as crucial for maize-based food quality. 30825830 1 0 theme integrated 153:162 arg1 approach 164:171 an integrated approach 150:171 an integrated approach 150:171 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 1 theme fractionation 253:265 arg1 stages 235:240 consecutive stages 223:240 consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification 223:296 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 2 theme soluble 358:364 arg1 products 366:373 soluble products 358:373 soluble products from the aqueous stage 358:396 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 0 3 theme products 91:98 arg1 Characterization 67:82 Characterization 67:82 Characterization of the products derived from the structural components 67:137 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 0 4 from Assesment 0:8 arg1 fractionation 26:38 the chemical fractionation 13:38 the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus 13:52 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 1 5 theme organosolv 271:280 arg1 delignification 282:296 organosolv delignification 271:296 organosolv delignification 271:296 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 6 theme media 582:586 arg1 compositions 548:559 The compositions 544:559 The compositions of selected reaction media 544:586 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 2 7 theme chromatographic 648:662 arg1 resonance 686:694 spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance 613:694 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 1 8 from fragments 443:451 arg1 stage 471:475 the organosolv stage 456:475 the organosolv stage 456:475 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 9 theme delignification 282:296 arg1 stages 235:240 consecutive stages 223:240 consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification 223:296 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 10 theme spectrometric 633:645 arg1 resonance 686:694 spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance 613:694 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 1 11 theme organosolv 460:469 arg1 stage 471:475 the organosolv stage 456:475 the organosolv stage 456:475 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 12 dep converted 420:428 arg1 largely 412:418 largely 412:418 largely 412:418 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 13 theme aqueous 384:390 arg1 stage 392:396 the aqueous stage 380:396 the aqueous stage 380:396 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 3 14 from properties 896:905 arg1 scope 965:969 the scope 961:969 the scope of biorefineries 961:986 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 1 15 theme Eucalyptus 174:183 arg1 samples 197:203 Eucalyptus nitens wood samples 174:203 Eucalyptus nitens wood samples 174:203 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 16 dep hemicelluloses 320:333 arg1 converted 343:351 converted 343:351 converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage 343:396 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 16 dep hemicelluloses 320:333 arg1 to 308:309 to 308:309 to 308:309 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 17 theme spectrophotometric 613:630 arg1 resonance 686:694 spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance 613:694 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 2 18 theme resonance 686:694 arg1 methods 696:702 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 3 19 theme potential 911:919 arg1 applications 921:932 potential applications 911:932 potential applications 911:932 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 1 20 from stage 392:396 arg1 products 366:373 soluble products 358:373 soluble products from the aqueous stage 358:396 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 21 theme selected 604:611 arg1 methods 696:702 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 2 22 theme magnetic 677:684 arg1 resonance 686:694 spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance 613:694 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 3 23 theme fractions 948:956 arg1 applications 921:932 potential applications 911:932 potential applications 911:932 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 23 theme fractions 948:956 arg1 yields 888:893 the yields 884:893 the yields 884:893 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 23 theme fractions 948:956 arg1 properties 896:905 properties 896:905 properties 896:905 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 1 24 theme wood 192:195 arg1 samples 197:203 Eucalyptus nitens wood samples 174:203 Eucalyptus nitens wood samples 174:203 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 0 25 theme chemical 17:24 arg1 fractionation 26:38 the chemical fractionation 13:38 the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus 13:52 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 3 26 from applications 921:932 arg1 scope 965:969 the scope 961:969 the scope of biorefineries 961:986 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 0 27 theme structural 117:126 arg1 components 128:137 the structural components 113:137 the structural components 113:137 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 2 28 theme nuclear 669:675 arg1 resonance 686:694 spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance 613:694 selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods 604:702 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 3 29 theme above 845:849 arg1 tasks 851:855 the above tasks 841:855 the above tasks 841:855 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 1 30 dep converted 343:351 arg1 mainly 336:341 mainly 336:341 mainly 336:341 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 3 31 theme target 941:946 arg1 fractions 948:956 the target fractions 937:956 the target fractions 937:956 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 2 32 theme electron 786:793 arg1 microscopy 795:804 scanning electron microscopy 777:804 scanning electron microscopy 777:804 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 3 33 from tasks 851:855 arg1 information 824:834 The experimental information 807:834 The experimental information from the above tasks 807:855 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 0 34 dep nitens 54:59 arg1 Characterization 67:82 Characterization 67:82 Characterization of the products derived from the structural components 67:137 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 2 35 theme scanning 777:784 arg1 microscopy 795:804 scanning electron microscopy 777:804 scanning electron microscopy 777:804 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 1 36 from cellulose 487:495 arg1 hemicelluloses 320:333 separate hemicelluloses 311:333 separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping) 311:541 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 37 theme separate 311:318 arg1 hemicelluloses 320:333 separate hemicelluloses 311:333 separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping) 311:541 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 38 theme solid 713:717 arg1 phases 719:724 the solid phases 709:724 the solid phases from treatments 709:740 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 2 39 from treatments 731:740 arg1 phases 719:724 the solid phases 709:724 the solid phases from treatments 709:740 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 1 40 from lignin 404:409 arg1 hemicelluloses 320:333 separate hemicelluloses 311:333 separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping) 311:541 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 2 41 theme reaction 573:580 arg1 media 582:586 selected reaction media 564:586 selected reaction media 564:586 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 3 42 theme biorefineries 974:986 arg1 scope 965:969 the scope 961:969 the scope of biorefineries 961:986 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 0 43 theme Eucalyptus 43:52 arg1 fractionation 26:38 the chemical fractionation 13:38 the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus 13:52 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 2 44 theme selected 564:571 arg1 media 582:586 selected reaction media 564:586 selected reaction media 564:586 The compositions of selected reaction media were studied by selected spectrophotometric, spectrometric, chromatographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods; and the solid phases from treatments were studied by diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. 30825830 1 45 dep Eucalyptus 174:183 arg1 nitens 185:190 nitens 185:190 nitens 185:190 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 3 46 from yields 888:893 arg1 scope 965:969 the scope 961:969 the scope of biorefineries 961:986 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 47 from insight 873:879 arg1 applications 921:932 potential applications 911:932 potential applications 911:932 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 47 from insight 873:879 arg1 yields 888:893 the yields 884:893 the yields 884:893 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 47 from insight 873:879 arg1 properties 896:905 properties 896:905 properties 896:905 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 1 48 theme consecutive 223:233 arg1 stages 235:240 consecutive stages 223:240 consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification 223:296 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 49 theme soluble 435:441 arg1 fragments 443:451 soluble fragments 435:451 soluble fragments in the organosolv stage 435:475 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 50 from pulping 534:540 arg1 phase 523:527 the solid phase 513:527 the solid phase from pulping 513:540 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 51 theme solid 517:521 arg1 phase 523:527 the solid phase 513:527 the solid phase from pulping 513:540 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 3 52 theme deep 868:871 arg1 insight 873:879 a deep insight 866:879 a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries 866:986 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 3 53 theme experimental 811:822 arg1 information 824:834 The experimental information 807:834 The experimental information from the above tasks 807:855 The experimental information from the above tasks provides a deep insight on the yields, properties and potential applications of the target fractions in the scope of biorefineries. 30825830 0 54 attach derived 100:106 arg1 components 128:137 the structural components 113:137 the structural components 113:137 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 0 54 attach derived 100:106 arg2 products 91:98 the products 87:98 the products derived from the structural components 87:137 Assesment on the chemical fractionation of Eucalyptus nitens wood: Characterization of the products derived from the structural components. 30825830 1 55 dep lignin 404:409 arg1 converted 420:428 converted 420:428 converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage 420:475 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30825830 1 56 theme aqueous 245:251 arg1 fractionation 253:265 aqueous fractionation 245:265 aqueous fractionation 245:265 Following an integrated approach, Eucalyptus nitens wood samples were subjected to consecutive stages of aqueous fractionation and organosolv delignification, in order to separate hemicelluloses (mainly converted into soluble products from the aqueous stage) from lignin (largely converted into soluble fragments in the organosolv stage) and from cellulose (accumulated in the solid phase from pulping). 30086636 5 0 theme Rapid 599:603 arg1 contraction 611:621 Rapid wound contraction 599:621 Rapid wound contraction 599:621 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 1 1 theme deficient 164:172 arg1 immunity 202:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 0 2 theme Immune 87:92 arg1 Response 94:101 the Therapeutic Immune Response 71:101 the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing 71:126 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 4 3 theme broad-spectrum 560:573 arg1 activity 589:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 Furthermore, this hybrid hydrogel showed long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. 30086636 6 4 theme immune 900:905 arg1 responses 907:915 immune responses 900:915 immune responses 900:915 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 1 5 theme local 174:178 arg1 immunity 202:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 0 6 theme Chronic 106:112 arg1 Healing 120:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 5 7 theme fibroblast 732:741 arg1 migration 743:751 fibroblast migration 732:751 fibroblast migration 732:751 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 2 8 theme wound 354:358 arg1 healing 360:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 3 9 theme antifouling 373:383 arg1 property 385:392 The antifouling property 369:392 The antifouling property 369:392 The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. 30086636 3 10 theme anionic 461:467 arg1 dextran 469:475 anionic dextran 461:475 anionic dextran 461:475 The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. 30086636 0 11 theme Wound 114:118 arg1 Healing 120:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 1 12 contain have 159:162 arg2 immunity 202:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 1 12 contain have 159:162 arg1 Patients 129:136 Patients 129:136 Patients with diabetic wounds 129:157 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 7 13 theme wound 1014:1018 arg1 dressing 1020:1027 a wound dressing 1012:1027 a wound dressing 1012:1027 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 1 14 theme systemic 184:191 arg1 immunity 202:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 0 15 theme Antifouling 3:13 arg1 Hydrogel 15:22 An Antifouling Hydrogel 0:22 An Antifouling Hydrogel 0:22 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 4 16 theme hybrid 520:525 arg1 hydrogel 527:534 this hybrid hydrogel 515:534 this hybrid hydrogel 515:534 Furthermore, this hybrid hydrogel showed long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. 30086636 5 17 theme superior 695:702 arg1 activity 712:719 its superior healing activity 691:719 its superior healing activity 691:719 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 2 18 theme diabetic 345:352 arg1 healing 360:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 1 19 theme cellular 193:200 arg1 immunity 202:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 deficient local and systemic cellular immunity 164:209 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 5 20 with treatment 646:654 arg1 hydrogel 665:672 the hydrogel 661:672 the hydrogel 661:672 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 1 21 with Patients 129:136 arg1 wounds 152:157 diabetic wounds 143:157 diabetic wounds 143:157 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 3 22 theme dextran 469:475 arg1 composition 424:434 the composition 420:434 the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge 420:499 The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. 30086636 6 23 theme levels 848:853 arg1 upregulation 806:817 The upregulation 802:817 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 802:853 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 7 24 theme promising 1040:1048 arg1 strategy 1050:1057 a promising strategy 1038:1057 a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers 1038:1094 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 2 25 with hydrogel 257:264 arg1 properties 283:292 antifouling properties 271:292 antifouling properties 271:292 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 0 26 from Response 94:101 arg1 Healing 120:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 Chronic Wound Healing 106:126 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 2 27 theme immune 326:331 arg1 response 333:340 the immune response 322:340 the immune response in diabetic wound healing 322:366 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 3 28 theme chitosan 448:455 arg1 composition 424:434 the composition 420:434 the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge 420:499 The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. 30086636 6 29 theme healing 943:949 arg1 treatment 924:932 the treatment 920:932 the treatment of wound healing 920:949 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 0 30 theme Silver 35:40 arg1 Nanoparticles 42:54 Silver Nanoparticles 35:54 Silver Nanoparticles 35:54 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 6 31 theme wound 937:941 arg1 healing 943:949 wound healing 937:949 wound healing 937:949 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 2 32 theme nanoparticle-containing 233:255 arg1 hydrogel 257:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel 220:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties 220:292 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 5 33 theme wound 605:609 arg1 contraction 611:621 Rapid wound contraction 599:621 Rapid wound contraction 599:621 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 4 34 theme antibacterial 575:587 arg1 activity 589:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 Furthermore, this hybrid hydrogel showed long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. 30086636 2 35 theme silver 226:231 arg1 hydrogel 257:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel 220:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties 220:292 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 6 36 theme CD3+ 832:835 arg1 levels 848:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 3 37 theme cationic 439:446 arg1 chitosan 448:455 chitosan 448:455 chitosan 448:455 The antifouling property was obtained by adjusting the composition of cationic chitosan and anionic dextran to approach zero charge. 30086636 2 38 theme new 222:224 arg1 hydrogel 257:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel 220:264 a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties 220:292 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 7 39 theme diabetic 1080:1087 arg1 ulcers 1089:1094 diabetic ulcers 1080:1094 diabetic ulcers 1080:1094 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 5 40 theme healing 704:710 arg1 activity 712:719 its superior healing activity 691:719 its superior healing activity 691:719 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 7 41 theme hybrid 993:998 arg1 hydrogel 1000:1007 this antifouling hybrid hydrogel 976:1007 this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing 976:1027 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 5 42 theme granulation 754:764 arg1 formation 773:781 granulation tissue formation 754:781 granulation tissue formation 754:781 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 6 43 theme CD68+ 822:826 arg1 levels 848:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 5 44 theme tissue 766:771 arg1 formation 773:781 granulation tissue formation 754:781 granulation tissue formation 754:781 Rapid wound contraction was observed after the treatment with the hydrogel, which suggested its superior healing activity to promote fibroblast migration, granulation tissue formation, and angiogenesis. 30086636 6 45 theme expression 837:846 arg1 levels 848:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels 822:853 The upregulation of CD68+ and CD3+ expression levels demonstrated that the hydrogel could trigger immune responses in the treatment of wound healing. 30086636 1 46 theme diabetic 143:150 arg1 wounds 152:157 diabetic wounds 143:157 diabetic wounds 143:157 Patients with diabetic wounds have deficient local and systemic cellular immunity. 30086636 0 47 theme Therapeutic 75:85 arg1 Response 94:101 the Therapeutic Immune Response 71:101 the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing 71:126 An Antifouling Hydrogel Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Modulating the Therapeutic Immune Response in Chronic Wound Healing. 30086636 7 48 theme ulcers 1089:1094 arg1 treatment 1067:1075 the treatment 1063:1075 the treatment of diabetic ulcers 1063:1094 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 2 49 theme antifouling 271:281 arg1 properties 283:292 antifouling properties 271:292 antifouling properties 271:292 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30086636 7 50 theme antifouling 981:991 arg1 hydrogel 1000:1007 this antifouling hybrid hydrogel 976:1007 this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing 976:1027 These results show that this antifouling hybrid hydrogel as a wound dressing provided a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. 30086636 4 51 theme long-lasting 543:554 arg1 activity 589:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity 543:596 Furthermore, this hybrid hydrogel showed long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. 30086636 2 52 from response 333:340 arg1 healing 360:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 diabetic wound healing 345:366 Herein, a new silver nanoparticle-containing hydrogel with antifouling properties was developed for enhancing the immune response in diabetic wound healing. 30075620 2 0 from uptake 394:399 arg1 aeruginosa 435:444 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 423:444 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 423:444 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 4 1 theme remarkable 710:719 arg1 selectivity 727:737 a remarkable anion selectivity 708:737 a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration 708:806 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 3 2 theme molecular 634:642 arg1 simulations 653:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 0 3 from Study 11:15 arg1 Membranes 80:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 1 4 theme unique 146:151 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 4 theme unique 146:151 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 5 5 theme porin 1015:1019 arg1 simulations 1021:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations 997:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 997:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 6 6 theme channels 1162:1169 arg1 properties 1139:1148 the functional properties 1124:1148 the functional properties of membrane channels 1124:1169 Our results emphasize the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels. 30075620 3 7 theme compositions 493:504 arg1 influences 476:485 the influences 472:485 the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants 472:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 6 8 theme functional 1128:1137 arg1 properties 1139:1148 the functional properties 1124:1148 the functional properties of membrane channels 1124:1169 Our results emphasize the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels. 30075620 2 9 theme porins 295:300 arg1 lack 287:290 the lack 283:290 the lack of porins with large pores 283:317 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 4 10 theme concentration 794:806 arg1 independent 739:749 independent 739:749 independent 739:749 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 3 11 from influences 476:485 arg1 constants 608:616 diffusion constants 598:616 diffusion constants 598:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 11 from influences 476:485 arg1 selectivity 582:592 ion selectivity 578:592 ion selectivity 578:592 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 11 from influences 476:485 arg1 properties 528:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 4 12 theme anion 721:725 arg1 selectivity 727:737 a remarkable anion selectivity 708:737 a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration 708:806 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 1 13 theme asymmetric 153:162 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 13 theme asymmetric 153:162 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 5 14 from simulations 1021:1031 arg1 OMs 1053:1055 Escherichia coli OMs 1036:1055 Escherichia coli OMs 1036:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 3 15 theme dynamics 644:651 arg1 simulations 653:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 4 16 theme cation 787:792 arg1 concentration 794:806 effective cation concentration 777:806 effective cation concentration 777:806 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 2 17 theme small 404:408 arg1 molecules 410:418 small molecules 404:418 small molecules 404:418 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 1 18 theme lipid 164:168 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 18 theme lipid 164:168 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 2 19 theme molecules 410:418 arg1 uptake 394:399 the uptake 390:399 the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa 390:444 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 3 20 theme permeation 517:526 arg1 constants 608:616 diffusion constants 598:616 diffusion constants 598:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 20 theme permeation 517:526 arg1 selectivity 582:592 ion selectivity 578:592 ion selectivity 578:592 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 20 theme permeation 517:526 arg1 properties 528:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 5 21 theme ions 940:943 arg1 constants 927:935 the diffusion constants 913:935 the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 913:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 5 22 theme outer 827:831 arg1 core 833:836 the outer core 823:836 the outer core 823:836 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 0 23 theme Simulation 0:9 arg1 Study 11:15 Simulation Study 0:15 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 0:89 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 1 24 theme inner 261:265 arg1 leaflet 267:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 25 theme outer 95:99 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 25 theme outer 95:99 arg1 OM 111:112 OM 111:112 OM 111:112 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 25 theme outer 95:99 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 5 26 located observed 985:992 arg1 simulations 1021:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations 997:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 997:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 5 26 located observed 985:992 arg2 channel 961:967 the channel 957:967 the channel 957:967 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 2 27 theme membrane 349:356 arg1 proteins 358:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 0 28 theme Occk5 20:24 arg1 Properties 37:46 Occk5 Functional Properties 20:46 Occk5 Functional Properties 20:46 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 5 29 theme channel 883:889 arg1 entrance 891:898 the channel entrance 879:898 the channel entrance 879:898 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 6 30 theme native 1092:1097 arg1 membranes 1099:1107 native membranes 1092:1107 native membranes 1092:1107 Our results emphasize the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels. 30075620 4 31 theme composition 761:771 arg1 independent 739:749 independent 739:749 independent 739:749 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 3 32 dep known 554:558 arg1 also 549:552 also 549:552 also 549:552 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 6 33 theme membranes 1099:1107 arg1 role 1084:1087 the role 1080:1087 the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels 1080:1169 Our results emphasize the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels. 30075620 1 34 contain containing 178:187 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 34 contain containing 178:187 arg2 phospholipids 240:252 phospholipids 240:252 phospholipids in the inner leaflet 240:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 34 contain containing 178:187 arg2 LPS 210:212 LPS 210:212 LPS 210:212 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 34 contain containing 178:187 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 34 contain containing 178:187 arg2 lipopolysaccharides 189:207 lipopolysaccharides 189:207 lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet 189:234 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 3 35 theme ion 513:515 arg1 constants 608:616 diffusion constants 598:616 diffusion constants 598:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 35 theme ion 513:515 arg1 selectivity 582:592 ion selectivity 578:592 ion selectivity 578:592 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 35 theme ion 513:515 arg1 properties 528:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 2 36 theme outer 343:347 arg1 proteins 358:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 0 37 theme Properties 37:46 arg1 Study 11:15 Simulation Study 0:15 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 0:89 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 3 38 theme ion 578:580 arg1 selectivity 582:592 ion selectivity 578:592 ion selectivity 578:592 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 2 39 with porins 295:300 arg1 pores 313:317 large pores 307:317 large pores 307:317 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 0 40 dep Pseudomonas 51:61 arg1 aeruginosa 63:72 aeruginosa 63:72 aeruginosa 63:72 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 0 41 theme Functional 26:35 arg1 Properties 37:46 Occk5 Functional Properties 20:46 Occk5 Functional Properties 20:46 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 1 42 from phospholipids 240:252 arg1 leaflet 228:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 42 from phospholipids 240:252 arg1 leaflet 267:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 4 43 theme OM 758:759 arg1 composition 761:771 the OM composition 754:771 the OM composition 754:771 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 2 44 theme crucial 374:380 arg1 role 382:385 a crucial role 372:385 a crucial role 372:385 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 0 45 theme Pseudomonas 51:61 arg1 Membranes 80:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 5 46 theme Escherichia 1036:1046 arg1 OMs 1053:1055 Escherichia coli OMs 1036:1055 Escherichia coli OMs 1036:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 4 47 theme effective 777:785 arg1 concentration 794:806 effective cation concentration 777:806 effective cation concentration 777:806 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 3 48 theme diffusion 598:606 arg1 constants 608:616 diffusion constants 598:616 diffusion constants 598:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 49 theme OccK5 542:546 arg1 constants 608:616 diffusion constants 598:616 diffusion constants 598:616 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 49 theme OccK5 542:546 arg1 selectivity 582:592 ion selectivity 578:592 ion selectivity 578:592 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 3 49 theme OccK5 542:546 arg1 properties 528:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 the ion permeation properties 509:537 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 1 50 from lipopolysaccharides 189:207 arg1 leaflet 228:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 50 from lipopolysaccharides 189:207 arg1 leaflet 267:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 the inner leaflet 257:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 2 51 theme large 307:311 arg1 pores 313:317 large pores 307:317 large pores 307:317 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 30075620 4 52 theme independent 739:749 arg1 selectivity 727:737 a remarkable anion selectivity 708:737 a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration 708:806 The simulations indicate that OccK5 shows a remarkable anion selectivity independent of the OM composition and effective cation concentration. 30075620 5 53 theme LPS 856:858 arg1 O-antigens 842:851 O-antigens 842:851 O-antigens 842:851 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 5 53 theme LPS 856:858 arg1 core 833:836 the outer core 823:836 the outer core 823:836 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 3 54 theme OM 490:491 arg1 compositions 493:504 OM compositions 490:504 OM compositions 490:504 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 5 55 theme previous 1001:1008 arg1 simulations 1021:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations 997:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 997:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 5 56 theme diffusion 917:925 arg1 constants 927:935 the diffusion constants 913:935 the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 913:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 1 57 theme Gram-negative 118:130 arg1 bacteria 132:139 Gram-negative bacteria 118:139 Gram-negative bacteria 118:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 5 58 dep Escherichia 1036:1046 arg1 coli 1048:1051 coli 1048:1051 coli 1048:1051 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 0 59 theme Outer 74:78 arg1 Membranes 80:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes 51:88 Simulation Study of Occk5 Functional Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membranes. 30075620 5 60 theme OmpF 1010:1013 arg1 simulations 1021:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations 997:1031 our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs 997:1055 Intriguingly, the outer core and O-antigens of LPS sterically occlude the channel entrance and decrease the diffusion constants of ions approaching the channel, which was also observed in our previous OmpF porin simulations in Escherichia coli OMs. 30075620 6 61 theme membrane 1153:1160 arg1 channels 1162:1169 membrane channels 1153:1169 membrane channels 1153:1169 Our results emphasize the role of native membranes in fine-tuning the functional properties of membrane channels. 30075620 1 62 theme bacteria 132:139 arg1 bilayer 170:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer 144:176 a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet 144:273 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 62 theme bacteria 132:139 arg1 OM 111:112 OM 111:112 OM 111:112 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 1 62 theme bacteria 132:139 arg1 membrane 101:108 The outer membrane 91:108 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria 91:139 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 3 63 dep OccK5 542:546 arg1 known 554:558 known 554:558 known as OpdH 554:566 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 1 64 theme outer 222:226 arg1 leaflet 228:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 the outer leaflet 218:234 The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is a unique asymmetric lipid bilayer containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and phospholipids in the inner leaflet. 30075620 3 65 theme all-atom 625:632 arg1 simulations 653:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 all-atom molecular dynamics simulations 625:663 In this study, we report the influences of OM compositions on the ion permeation properties of OccK5 (also known as OpdH), such as ion selectivity and diffusion constants, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. 30075620 2 66 theme substrate-specific 324:341 arg1 proteins 358:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins 320:365 Due to the lack of porins with large pores, the substrate-specific outer membrane proteins play a crucial role in the uptake of small molecules in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 29757614 0 0 theme High 80:83 arg1 Strength 85:92 High Strength 80:92 High Strength 80:92 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 8 1 theme optical 1490:1496 arg1 transmittance 1498:1510 optical transmittance 1490:1510 optical transmittance 1490:1510 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 1 2 theme materials 143:151 arg1 use 126:128 the use 122:128 the use of renewable materials 122:151 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 4 3 with fibers 755:760 arg1 angle 782:786 microfibrillar angle 767:786 microfibrillar angle smaller than 10° 767:803 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 4 with fibers 693:698 arg1 strength 732:739 high intrinsic strength 717:739 high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 717:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 3 5 theme current 481:487 arg1 cost 489:492 the current cost 477:492 the current cost associated with their production 477:525 While the use of nanocellulose has been shown to significantly increase paper properties, the current cost associated with their production has limited their industrial relevance. 29757614 6 6 theme holocellulose 985:997 arg1 papers 999:1004 High-density holocellulose papers 972:1004 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 972:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 7 theme mild 588:591 arg1 PAA 609:611 PAA 609:611 PAA 609:611 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 7 theme mild 588:591 arg1 acid 603:606 mild peracetic acid 588:606 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 8 8 theme affordable 1376:1385 arg1 candidates 1402:1411 affordable and applicable candidates 1376:1411 affordable and applicable candidates 1376:1411 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 4 9 theme intrinsic 722:730 arg1 strength 732:739 high intrinsic strength 717:739 high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 717:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 6 10 theme High-density 972:983 arg1 papers 999:1004 High-density holocellulose papers 972:1004 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 972:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 3 11 theme industrial 545:554 arg1 relevance 556:564 their industrial relevance 539:564 their industrial relevance 539:564 While the use of nanocellulose has been shown to significantly increase paper properties, the current cost associated with their production has limited their industrial relevance. 29757614 6 12 theme water-based 1128:1138 arg1 process 1153:1159 a water-based hot-pressing process 1126:1159 a water-based hot-pressing process 1126:1159 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 13 theme high 717:720 arg1 strength 732:739 high intrinsic strength 717:739 high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 717:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 14 theme hemicellulose-rich 660:677 arg1 fibers 693:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers 660:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 660:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 14 theme hemicellulose-rich 660:677 arg1 % 709:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 3 15 theme paper 459:463 arg1 properties 465:474 paper properties 459:474 paper properties 459:474 While the use of nanocellulose has been shown to significantly increase paper properties, the current cost associated with their production has limited their industrial relevance. 29757614 7 16 theme interfiber 1269:1278 arg1 region 1280:1285 the interfiber region 1265:1285 the interfiber region 1265:1285 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 5 17 theme Kraft 957:961 arg1 pulping 963:969 conventional Kraft pulping 944:969 conventional Kraft pulping 944:969 We show that PAA treatment causes less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation and better preserves cellulose nanostructure in comparison to conventional Kraft pulping. 29757614 1 18 theme paper 154:158 arg1 products 160:167 paper products 154:167 paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties 154:215 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 0 19 theme Transparency 98:109 arg1 Structures 66:75 Paper Structures 60:75 Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 60:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 6 20 dep properties 1031:1040 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 20 dep properties 1031:1040 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 20 dep properties 1031:1040 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 5 21 theme cellulose 903:911 arg1 nanostructure 913:925 cellulose nanostructure 903:925 cellulose nanostructure 903:925 We show that PAA treatment causes less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation and better preserves cellulose nanostructure in comparison to conventional Kraft pulping. 29757614 6 22 theme ultimate 1073:1080 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 22 theme ultimate 1073:1080 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 23 theme delignification 614:628 arg1 process 630:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 0 24 theme Cellulose 11:19 arg1 Structure 21:29 Cellulose Structure 11:29 Cellulose Structure 11:29 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 6 25 theme hot-pressing 1140:1151 arg1 process 1153:1159 a water-based hot-pressing process 1126:1159 a water-based hot-pressing process 1126:1159 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 2 26 theme produced 306:313 arg1 papers 326:331 industrially produced Kraft pulp papers 293:331 industrially produced Kraft pulp papers 293:331 Although beating, bleaching, and additives are known to improve industrially produced Kraft pulp papers, properties are limited by the quality of the fibers. 29757614 4 27 dep strength 732:739 arg1 MPa 747:749 1200 MPa 742:749 1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10° 742:803 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 28 theme wt 706:707 arg1 fibers 693:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers 660:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 660:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 28 theme wt 706:707 arg1 % 709:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 1 29 theme superior 174:181 arg1 properties 206:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 7 30 theme mechanical 1303:1312 arg1 properties 1326:1335 both mechanical and optical properties 1298:1335 both mechanical and optical properties of papers 1298:1345 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 7 31 theme papers 1340:1345 arg1 properties 1326:1335 both mechanical and optical properties 1298:1335 both mechanical and optical properties of papers 1298:1345 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 8 32 theme Holocellulose 1348:1360 arg1 fibers 1362:1367 Holocellulose fibers 1348:1367 Holocellulose fibers 1348:1367 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 1 33 theme mechanical 183:192 arg1 properties 206:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 6 34 theme MPa 1098:1100 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 34 theme MPa 1098:1100 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 34 theme MPa 1098:1100 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 8 35 theme special 1424:1430 arg1 paper/composites 1432:1447 special paper/composites 1424:1447 special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest 1424:1526 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 5 36 theme cellulose/hemicellulose 846:868 arg1 degradation 870:880 less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation 841:880 less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation 841:880 We show that PAA treatment causes less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation and better preserves cellulose nanostructure in comparison to conventional Kraft pulping. 29757614 4 37 theme acid 603:606 arg1 process 630:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 0 38 theme Wood 44:47 arg1 Fibers 49:54 Delignified Wood Fibers 32:54 Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 32:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 7 39 theme glue 1256:1259 arg1 " 1260:1260 "glue" 1255:1260 "glue" in the interfiber region 1255:1285 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 6 40 theme Young 1043:1047 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 40 theme Young 1043:1047 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 41 theme microfibrillar 767:780 arg1 angle 782:786 microfibrillar angle 767:786 microfibrillar angle smaller than 10° 767:803 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 5 42 theme PAA 820:822 arg1 treatment 824:832 PAA treatment 820:832 PAA treatment 820:832 We show that PAA treatment causes less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation and better preserves cellulose nanostructure in comparison to conventional Kraft pulping. 29757614 1 43 theme optical 198:204 arg1 properties 206:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 0 44 theme Delignified 32:42 arg1 Fibers 49:54 Delignified Wood Fibers 32:54 Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 32:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 6 45 theme superior 1011:1018 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 45 theme superior 1011:1018 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 45 theme superior 1011:1018 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 7 46 from " 1260:1260 arg1 region 1280:1285 the interfiber region 1265:1285 the interfiber region 1265:1285 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 2 47 theme fibers 379:384 arg1 quality 364:370 the quality 360:370 the quality of the fibers 360:384 Although beating, bleaching, and additives are known to improve industrially produced Kraft pulp papers, properties are limited by the quality of the fibers. 29757614 3 48 theme nanocellulose 404:416 arg1 use 397:399 the use 393:399 the use of nanocellulose 393:416 While the use of nanocellulose has been shown to significantly increase paper properties, the current cost associated with their production has limited their industrial relevance. 29757614 4 49 theme smaller 788:794 arg1 angle 782:786 microfibrillar angle 767:786 microfibrillar angle smaller than 10° 767:803 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 8 50 theme mechanical 1460:1469 arg1 performance 1471:1481 high mechanical performance 1455:1481 high mechanical performance 1455:1481 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 6 51 theme additives 1192:1200 arg1 use 1174:1176 the use 1170:1176 the use of beating or additives 1170:1200 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 52 theme holocellulose 679:691 arg1 fibers 693:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers 660:698 hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°) 660:804 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 52 theme holocellulose 679:691 arg1 % 709:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 28.8 wt % 701:709 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 8 53 theme high 1455:1458 arg1 performance 1471:1481 high mechanical performance 1455:1481 high mechanical performance 1455:1481 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 8 54 theme applicable 1391:1400 arg1 candidates 1402:1411 affordable and applicable candidates 1376:1411 affordable and applicable candidates 1376:1411 Holocellulose fibers may be affordable and applicable candidates for making special paper/composites where high mechanical performance and/or optical transmittance are of interest. 29757614 7 55 theme optical 1318:1324 arg1 properties 1326:1335 both mechanical and optical properties 1298:1335 both mechanical and optical properties of papers 1298:1345 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 2 56 theme pulp 321:324 arg1 papers 326:331 industrially produced Kraft pulp papers 293:331 industrially produced Kraft pulp papers 293:331 Although beating, bleaching, and additives are known to improve industrially produced Kraft pulp papers, properties are limited by the quality of the fibers. 29757614 4 57 theme simple 581:586 arg1 process 630:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 1 58 with products 160:167 arg1 properties 206:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 superior mechanical and optical properties 174:215 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 6 59 theme beating 1181:1187 arg1 use 1174:1176 the use 1170:1176 the use of beating or additives 1170:1200 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 2 60 theme Kraft 315:319 arg1 pulp 321:324 Kraft pulp 315:324 industrially produced Kraft pulp papers 293:331 Although beating, bleaching, and additives are known to improve industrially produced Kraft pulp papers, properties are limited by the quality of the fibers. 29757614 6 61 theme mechanical 1020:1029 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 61 theme mechanical 1020:1029 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 61 theme mechanical 1020:1029 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 62 with papers 999:1004 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 62 with papers 999:1004 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 62 with papers 999:1004 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 7 63 theme preserved 1223:1231 arg1 hemicelluloses 1233:1246 the preserved hemicelluloses 1219:1246 the preserved hemicelluloses 1219:1246 We propose that the preserved hemicelluloses act as "glue" in the interfiber region, improving both mechanical and optical properties of papers. 29757614 6 64 theme GPa 1065:1067 arg1 modulus 1051:1057 Young's modulus 1043:1057 Young's modulus of 18 GPa 1043:1067 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 64 theme GPa 1065:1067 arg1 strength 1082:1089 ultimate strength 1073:1089 ultimate strength of 195 MPa 1073:1100 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 6 64 theme GPa 1065:1067 arg1 properties 1031:1040 superior mechanical properties 1011:1040 superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) 1011:1101 High-density holocellulose papers with superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 18 GPa and ultimate strength of 195 MPa) are manufactured using a water-based hot-pressing process, without the use of beating or additives. 29757614 4 65 theme peracetic 593:601 arg1 PAA 609:611 PAA 609:611 PAA 609:611 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 4 65 theme peracetic 593:601 arg1 acid 603:606 mild peracetic acid 588:606 a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process 579:636 Here, using a simple mild peracetic acid (PAA) delignification process on spruce, we produce hemicellulose-rich holocellulose fibers (28.8 wt %) with high intrinsic strength (1200 MPa for fibers with microfibrillar angle smaller than 10°). 29757614 0 66 theme Paper 60:64 arg1 Structures 66:75 Paper Structures 60:75 Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 60:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 5 67 theme conventional 944:955 arg1 pulping 963:969 conventional Kraft pulping 944:969 conventional Kraft pulping 944:969 We show that PAA treatment causes less cellulose/hemicellulose degradation and better preserves cellulose nanostructure in comparison to conventional Kraft pulping. 29757614 0 68 dep Preserving 0:9 arg1 Fibers 49:54 Delignified Wood Fibers 32:54 Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 32:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 29757614 1 69 theme renewable 133:141 arg1 materials 143:151 renewable materials 133:151 renewable materials 133:151 To expand the use of renewable materials, paper products with superior mechanical and optical properties are needed. 29757614 0 70 theme Strength 85:92 arg1 Structures 66:75 Paper Structures 60:75 Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency 60:109 Preserving Cellulose Structure: Delignified Wood Fibers for Paper Structures of High Strength and Transparency. 31002908 0 0 theme tissue 102:107 arg1 engineering 109:119 bone tissue engineering 97:119 bone tissue engineering 97:119 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 4 1 theme apatite 802:808 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 7 2 theme alkaline 1272:1279 arg1 phosphatase 1281:1291 alkaline phosphatase 1272:1291 alkaline phosphatase activity 1272:1300 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 6 3 theme developed 1238:1246 arg1 scaffolds 1248:1256 the developed scaffolds 1234:1256 the developed scaffolds 1234:1256 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 0 4 theme bone 97:100 arg1 engineering 109:119 bone tissue engineering 97:119 bone tissue engineering 97:119 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 7 5 theme phosphatase 1281:1291 arg1 activity 1293:1300 alkaline phosphatase activity 1272:1300 alkaline phosphatase activity 1272:1300 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 6 6 theme scaffolds 1248:1256 arg1 properties 1220:1229 the cell supportive properties 1200:1229 the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds 1200:1256 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 3 7 theme polyelectrolyte 558:572 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 8 8 theme native 1618:1623 arg1 tissue 1630:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 3 9 theme complexation 574:585 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 3 10 theme chondroitin 631:641 arg1 sulfate 643:649 chondroitin sulfate 631:649 chondroitin sulfate 631:649 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 3 11 theme sulfate 643:649 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 3 12 theme chitosan 618:625 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 7 13 theme osteogenic 1445:1454 arg1 potential 1456:1464 its superior osteogenic potential 1432:1464 its superior osteogenic potential 1432:1464 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 4 14 theme forming 810:816 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 9 15 theme suitable 1684:1691 arg1 biomaterial 1693:1703 a suitable biomaterial 1682:1703 a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications 1682:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 9 15 theme suitable 1684:1691 arg1 scaffold 1664:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 1 16 with biopolymer 142:151 arg1 properties 174:183 osteoconductive properties 158:183 osteoconductive properties 158:183 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 3 17 theme chitosan 518:525 arg1 scaffolds 533:541 chitosan based scaffolds 518:541 chitosan based scaffolds 518:541 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 2 18 theme mechanical 315:324 arg1 strength 326:333 mechanical strength 315:333 mechanical strength 315:333 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 5 19 theme excessive 1003:1011 arg1 behavior 1022:1029 excessive swelling behavior 1003:1029 excessive swelling behavior 1003:1029 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 4 20 theme physico-chemical 769:784 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 5 21 theme structural 1044:1053 arg1 stability 1055:1063 structural stability 1044:1063 structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition 1044:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 3 22 theme present 459:465 arg1 study 467:471 the present study 455:471 the present study 455:471 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 8 23 theme in-vivo 1485:1491 arg1 study 1517:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 8 24 with regeneration 1584:1595 arg1 tissue 1630:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 5 25 from scaffold 1072:1079 arg1 condition 1093:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 2 26 theme hydrated 363:370 arg1 condition 372:380 hydrated condition 363:380 hydrated condition 363:380 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 6 27 theme supportive 1209:1218 arg1 properties 1220:1229 the cell supportive properties 1200:1229 the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds 1200:1256 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 4 28 theme mechanical 787:796 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 6 29 theme cell 1119:1122 arg1 adhesion 1124:1131 in-vitro cell adhesion 1110:1131 in-vitro cell adhesion 1110:1131 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 5 30 from stability 1055:1063 arg1 condition 1093:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 5 31 theme hydrated 1084:1091 arg1 condition 1093:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 hydrated condition 1084:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 8 32 theme implanted 1537:1545 arg1 scaffold 1557:1564 implanted composite scaffold 1537:1564 implanted composite scaffold 1537:1564 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 2 33 dep scaffolds 296:304 arg1 lacks 306:310 lacks 306:310 scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition 296:380 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 5 34 theme mechanical 974:983 arg1 strength 985:992 mechanical strength 974:992 mechanical strength 974:992 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 6 35 theme in-vitro 1110:1117 arg1 adhesion 1124:1131 in-vitro cell adhesion 1110:1131 in-vitro cell adhesion 1110:1131 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 8 36 theme tissue 1577:1582 arg1 regeneration 1584:1595 tissue regeneration 1577:1595 tissue regeneration 1577:1595 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 5 37 theme bioglass 942:949 arg1 incorporation 925:937 incorporation 925:937 incorporation of bioglass 925:949 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 3 38 theme composite 596:604 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 2 39 theme structural 339:348 arg1 stability 350:358 structural stability 339:358 structural stability 339:358 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 1 40 theme bone 234:237 arg1 applications 258:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 0 41 theme sulfate/nano-bioglass 46:66 arg1 evaluation 11:20 evaluation 11:20 evaluation 11:20 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 0 41 theme sulfate/nano-bioglass 46:66 arg1 Design 0:5 Design 0:5 Design 0:5 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 8 42 theme bone 1505:1508 arg1 study 1517:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 4 43 theme morphological 754:766 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 8 44 theme crest 1499:1503 arg1 study 1517:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 2 45 theme tissue 426:431 arg1 regeneration 433:444 bone tissue regeneration 421:444 bone tissue regeneration 421:444 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 1 46 theme tissue 239:244 arg1 applications 258:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 0 47 theme chitosan/chondroitin 25:44 arg1 sulfate/nano-bioglass 46:66 chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass 25:66 chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass 25:66 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 5 48 theme polyelectrolyte 884:898 arg1 complexation 900:911 polyelectrolyte complexation 884:911 polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass 884:949 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 7 49 theme collagen 1325:1332 arg1 type 1334:1337 collagen type I 1325:1339 collagen type I expression 1325:1350 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 1 50 theme engineering 246:256 arg1 applications 258:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 bone tissue engineering applications 234:269 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 0 51 theme composite 74:82 arg1 scaffold 84:91 composite scaffold 74:91 composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering 74:119 Design and evaluation of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-bioglass based composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. 31002908 8 52 with integration 1601:1611 arg1 tissue 1630:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 8 53 theme composite 1547:1555 arg1 scaffold 1557:1564 implanted composite scaffold 1537:1564 implanted composite scaffold 1537:1564 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 8 54 theme iliac 1493:1497 arg1 study 1517:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 9 55 theme bone 1709:1712 arg1 applications 1733:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 3 56 theme nano-sized 669:678 arg1 bioglass 680:687 nano-sized bioglass 669:687 nano-sized bioglass 669:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 1 57 theme natural 134:140 arg1 biopolymer 142:151 a natural biopolymer 132:151 a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties 132:183 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 1 57 theme natural 134:140 arg1 Chitosan 122:129 Chitosan 122:129 Chitosan 122:129 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 5 58 from condition 1093:1101 arg1 stability 1055:1063 structural stability 1044:1063 structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition 1044:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 1 59 theme osteoconductive 158:172 arg1 properties 174:183 osteoconductive properties 158:183 osteoconductive properties 158:183 Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with osteoconductive properties is widely investigated to generate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 8 60 theme bone 1625:1628 arg1 tissue 1630:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 native bone tissue 1618:1635 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 9 61 theme engineering 1721:1731 arg1 applications 1733:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 3 62 theme based 527:531 arg1 scaffolds 533:541 chitosan based scaffolds 518:541 chitosan based scaffolds 518:541 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 5 63 theme swelling 1013:1020 arg1 behavior 1022:1029 excessive swelling behavior 1003:1029 excessive swelling behavior 1003:1029 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 9 64 theme composite 1654:1662 arg1 biomaterial 1693:1703 a suitable biomaterial 1682:1703 a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications 1682:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 9 64 theme composite 1654:1662 arg1 scaffold 1664:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 6 65 theme cell 1204:1207 arg1 properties 1220:1229 the cell supportive properties 1200:1229 the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds 1200:1256 Also, in-vitro cell adhesion, spreading, viability and cytotoxity were investigated to evaluate the cell supportive properties of the developed scaffolds. 31002908 5 66 theme scaffold 1072:1079 arg1 stability 1055:1063 structural stability 1044:1063 structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition 1044:1101 It was observed that polyelectrolyte complexation followed by incorporation of bioglass significantly enhances mechanical strength, reduces excessive swelling behavior and enhances structural stability of the scaffold in hydrated condition. 31002908 8 67 theme defect 1510:1515 arg1 study 1517:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study 1485:1521 More importantly, in-vivo iliac crest bone defect study revealed that implanted composite scaffold facilitate tissue regeneration and integration with native bone tissue. 31002908 4 68 theme Developed 690:698 arg1 scaffolds 700:708 Developed scaffolds 690:708 Developed scaffolds 690:708 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 4 69 theme various 746:752 arg1 properties 818:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties 746:827 various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM 746:860 Developed scaffolds were successfully characterized for various morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical and apatite forming properties using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM and TEM. 31002908 9 70 theme tissue 1714:1719 arg1 applications 1733:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 bone tissue engineering applications 1709:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 2 71 theme bone 421:424 arg1 regeneration 433:444 bone tissue regeneration 421:444 bone tissue regeneration 421:444 However, chitosan based scaffolds lacks in mechanical strength and structural stability in hydrated condition and thereby limits its application for bone tissue regeneration. 31002908 9 72 theme developed 1644:1652 arg1 biomaterial 1693:1703 a suitable biomaterial 1682:1703 a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications 1682:1744 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 9 72 theme developed 1644:1652 arg1 scaffold 1664:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 developed composite scaffold 1644:1671 Thus, developed composite scaffold might be a suitable biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. 31002908 7 73 theme type 1334:1337 arg1 expression 1341:1350 collagen type I expression 1325:1350 collagen type I expression 1325:1350 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 7 74 theme superior 1436:1443 arg1 potential 1456:1464 its superior osteogenic potential 1432:1464 its superior osteogenic potential 1432:1464 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 31002908 3 75 theme mediated 587:594 arg1 scaffold 606:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold 558:613 polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass 558:687 Thus in the present study, to overcome the limitations associated with chitosan based scaffolds, we fabricated polyelectrolyte complexation mediated composite scaffold of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate incorporated with nano-sized bioglass. 31002908 7 76 theme composite 1402:1410 arg1 scaffold 1412:1419 the composite scaffold 1398:1419 the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential 1398:1464 Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization and collagen type I expression were observed to be significantly higher over the composite scaffold indicating its superior osteogenic potential. 29471088 0 0 theme pineapple 85:93 arg1 product 105:111 pineapple fermented product 85:111 pineapple fermented product 85:111 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 6 1 theme solubility 1002:1011 arg1 index 1013:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 7 2 theme mentioned 1098:1106 arg1 characteristics 1108:1122 All the mentioned characteristics 1090:1122 All the mentioned characteristics 1090:1122 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 7 3 contain has 1147:1149 arg1 EPS 1143:1145 the EPS 1139:1145 the EPS 1139:1145 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 7 3 contain has 1147:1149 arg2 application 1163:1173 a potential application 1151:1173 a potential application 1151:1173 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 4 4 theme main 826:829 arg1 chain 831:835 the main chain 822:835 the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 822:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 1 5 theme homemade 165:172 arg1 product 187:193 homemade fermentation product 165:193 homemade fermentation product of pineapple 165:206 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 7 6 theme potential 1153:1161 arg1 application 1163:1173 a potential application 1151:1173 a potential application 1151:1173 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 4 7 theme few 875:877 arg1 branching 887:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 7 8 dep food 1182:1185 arg1 the 1178:1180 the 1178:1180 the 1178:1180 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 7 8 dep food 1182:1185 arg1 industry 1217:1224 industry 1217:1224 industry 1217:1224 All the mentioned characteristics suggested that the EPS has a potential application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industry. 29471088 4 9 theme 19 842:843 arg1 % 844:844 % 844:844 % 844:844 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 6 10 theme B-2 1049:1051 arg1 EPS 1053:1055 B-2 EPS 1049:1055 B-2 EPS 1049:1055 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 0 11 theme fermented 95:103 arg1 product 105:111 pineapple fermented product 85:111 pineapple fermented product 85:111 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 1 12 attach isolated 151:158 arg2 B-2 143:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 1 12 attach isolated 151:158 arg1 product 187:193 homemade fermentation product 165:193 homemade fermentation product of pineapple 165:206 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 1 13 theme Man-Rogosa-Sharpe 281:297 arg1 medium 305:310 Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium 281:310 Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose 281:329 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 1 13 theme Man-Rogosa-Sharpe 281:297 arg1 MRS 300:302 MRS 300:302 MRS 300:302 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 2 14 theme magnetic 514:521 arg1 NMR 534:536 NMR 534:536 NMR 534:536 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 14 theme magnetic 514:521 arg1 resonance 523:531 nuclear magnetic resonance 506:531 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 506:550 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 1 15 theme fermentation 174:185 arg1 product 187:193 homemade fermentation product 165:193 homemade fermentation product of pineapple 165:206 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 2 16 theme nuclear 506:512 arg1 NMR 534:536 NMR 534:536 NMR 534:536 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 16 theme nuclear 506:512 arg1 resonance 523:531 nuclear magnetic resonance 506:531 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 506:550 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 6 17 theme holding 1029:1035 arg1 capacity 1037:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 4 18 link linked 781:786 arg1 units 804:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units 769:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 769:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 2 19 theme size-exclusion 467:480 arg1 HPSEC 498:502 HPSEC 498:502 HPSEC 498:502 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 19 theme size-exclusion 467:480 arg1 chromatography 482:495 high-performance size-exclusion chromatography 450:495 high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) 450:503 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 1 20 with medium 305:310 arg1 sucrose 323:329 75g/L sucrose 317:329 75g/L sucrose 317:329 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 4 21 theme % 844:844 arg1 branching 854:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 4 22 dep branching 854:862 arg1 1→3 849:851 1→3 849:851 1→3 849:851 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 2 23 theme present 603:609 arg1 study 611:615 present study 603:615 present study 603:615 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 4 24 dep branching 887:895 arg1 1→2 882:884 1→2 882:884 1→2 882:884 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 1 25 theme pineapple 198:206 arg1 product 187:193 homemade fermentation product 165:193 homemade fermentation product of pineapple 165:206 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 0 26 theme branched 27:34 arg1 dextran 36:42 highly branched dextran 20:42 highly branched dextran 20:42 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 5 27 theme irregular 932:940 arg1 sheets 942:947 irregular sheets 932:947 irregular sheets 932:947 The SEM of the dried EPS appeared irregular sheets with glittering surface and compact structure. 29471088 4 28 theme B-2 745:747 arg1 EPS 749:751 the B-2 EPS 741:751 the B-2 EPS 741:751 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 2 29 theme infrared 424:431 arg1 spectra 441:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 6 30 theme water 1023:1027 arg1 capacity 1037:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 6 31 theme Water 996:1000 arg1 index 1013:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 2 32 theme high-performance 450:465 arg1 HPSEC 498:502 HPSEC 498:502 HPSEC 498:502 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 32 theme high-performance 450:465 arg1 chromatography 482:495 high-performance size-exclusion chromatography 450:495 high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) 450:503 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 33 theme Fourier-transform 406:422 arg1 spectra 441:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 4 34 theme FT-IR 705:709 arg1 spectra 719:725 FT-IR and NMR spectra 705:725 spectra 719:725 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 3 35 theme EPS 652:654 arg1 glucose 660:666 glucose 660:666 glucose 660:666 The monosaccharide composition of EPS was glucose and molecular weight was 3.77×106Da. 29471088 3 35 theme EPS 652:654 arg1 composition 637:647 The monosaccharide composition 618:647 The monosaccharide composition of EPS 618:654 The monosaccharide composition of EPS was glucose and molecular weight was 3.77×106Da. 29471088 5 36 theme dried 913:917 arg1 EPS 919:921 the dried EPS 909:921 the dried EPS 909:921 The SEM of the dried EPS appeared irregular sheets with glittering surface and compact structure. 29471088 2 37 theme gas 381:383 arg1 GC 401:402 GC 401:402 GC 401:402 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 37 theme gas 381:383 arg1 chromatography 385:398 gas chromatography 381:398 gas chromatography (GC) 381:403 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 1 38 theme polysaccharide 216:229 arg1 yield 231:235 its polysaccharide yield 212:235 its polysaccharide yield 212:235 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 0 39 theme dextran 36:42 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of highly branched dextran 0:42 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 1 40 from strain 271:276 arg1 medium 305:310 Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium 281:310 Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose 281:329 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 1 40 from strain 271:276 arg1 MRS 300:302 MRS 300:302 MRS 300:302 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 3 41 theme monosaccharide 622:635 arg1 glucose 660:666 glucose 660:666 glucose 660:666 The monosaccharide composition of EPS was glucose and molecular weight was 3.77×106Da. 29471088 3 41 theme monosaccharide 622:635 arg1 composition 637:647 The monosaccharide composition 618:647 The monosaccharide composition of EPS 618:654 The monosaccharide composition of EPS was glucose and molecular weight was 3.77×106Da. 29471088 2 42 theme FT-IR 434:438 arg1 spectra 441:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra 406:447 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 4 43 theme α- 879:880 arg1 branching 887:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 0 44 theme Leuconostoc 56:66 arg1 B-2 76:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 56:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product 56:111 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 1 45 theme 75g/L 317:321 arg1 sucrose 323:329 75g/L sucrose 317:329 75g/L sucrose 317:329 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 4 46 theme α- 846:847 arg1 branching 854:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 4 47 theme d-glucopyranose 788:802 arg1 units 804:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units 769:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 769:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 1 48 theme strain 116:121 arg1 B-2 143:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 2 49 theme microscope 574:583 arg1 analysis 591:598 scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis 556:598 scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis 556:598 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 4 50 theme linked 781:786 arg1 units 804:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units 769:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 769:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 1 51 theme Leuconostoc 123:133 arg1 B-2 143:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 2 52 theme electron 565:572 arg1 SEM 586:588 SEM 586:588 SEM 586:588 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 52 theme electron 565:572 arg1 microscope 574:583 scanning electron microscope 556:583 scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis 556:598 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 3 53 theme molecular 672:680 arg1 weight 682:687 molecular weight 672:687 molecular weight 672:687 The monosaccharide composition of EPS was glucose and molecular weight was 3.77×106Da. 29471088 4 54 theme % 771:771 arg1 α- 773:774 75% α- 769:774 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 769:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 4 54 theme % 771:771 arg1 1→6 776:778 1→6 776:778 1→6 776:778 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 5 55 theme EPS 919:921 arg1 SEM 902:904 The SEM 898:904 The SEM of the dried EPS 898:921 The SEM of the dried EPS appeared irregular sheets with glittering surface and compact structure. 29471088 1 56 theme citreum 135:141 arg1 B-2 143:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 114:145 A strain Leuconostoc citreum B-2 was isolated from homemade fermentation product of pineapple and its polysaccharide yield was 28.3g/L after cultivating the strain in Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium with 75g/L sucrose. 29471088 6 57 theme EPS 1053:1055 arg1 index 1013:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index 996:1017 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 6 57 theme EPS 1053:1055 arg1 capacity 1037:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 water holding capacity 1023:1044 Water solubility index and water holding capacity of B-2 EPS were 80% and 450%, respectively. 29471088 2 58 theme scanning 556:563 arg1 SEM 586:588 SEM 586:588 SEM 586:588 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 2 58 theme scanning 556:563 arg1 microscope 574:583 scanning electron microscope 556:583 scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis 556:598 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 29471088 0 59 from product 105:111 arg1 B-2 76:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 56:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product 56:111 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 4 60 theme 75 769:770 arg1 % 771:771 % 771:771 % 771:771 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 5 61 theme compact 977:983 arg1 structure 985:993 compact structure 977:993 compact structure 977:993 The SEM of the dried EPS appeared irregular sheets with glittering surface and compact structure. 29471088 4 62 theme NMR 715:717 arg1 spectra 719:725 FT-IR and NMR spectra 705:725 spectra 719:725 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 4 63 with chain 831:835 arg1 branching 854:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 19% α-(1→3) branching 842:862 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 4 63 with chain 831:835 arg1 branching 887:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 only a few α-(1→2) branching 868:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 5 64 theme glittering 954:963 arg1 surface 965:971 glittering surface 954:971 glittering surface 954:971 The SEM of the dried EPS appeared irregular sheets with glittering surface and compact structure. 29471088 0 65 theme citreum 68:74 arg1 B-2 76:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 56:78 Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product 56:111 Characterization of highly branched dextran produced by Leuconostoc citreum B-2 from pineapple fermented product. 29471088 4 66 theme α- 773:774 arg1 units 804:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units 769:808 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching 769:895 FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that the B-2 EPS was composed of 75% α-(1→6) linked d-glucopyranose units existing in the main chain with 19% α-(1→3) branching and only a few α-(1→2) branching. 29471088 2 67 theme resonance 523:531 arg1 spectroscopy 539:550 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 506:550 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 506:550 The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis in present study. 30513484 0 0 theme cellulose 83:91 arg1 biopolymer 93:102 cellulose biopolymer 83:102 cellulose biopolymer 83:102 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 7 1 theme trial 1080:1084 arg1 runs 1086:1089 RSM trial runs 1076:1089 RSM trial runs 1076:1089 Experiments were conducted in batch mode to achieve optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs. 30513484 10 2 theme optimized 1301:1309 arg1 parameters 1311:1320 Hence optimized parameters 1295:1320 Hence optimized parameters 1295:1320 Hence optimized parameters were established and arrived at pH - 7, time - 13 days, agitation - 150 rpm, dosage - 1.5 μg/L presented 69% removal of TCS. 30513484 13 3 theme free 1766:1769 arg1 bacteria 1771:1778 free bacteria 1766:1778 free bacteria with sodium alginate 1766:1799 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 4 4 theme Bacterial 646:654 arg1 growth 656:661 Bacterial growth 646:661 Bacterial growth 646:661 Bacterial growth depends upon several environmental factors. 30513484 1 5 theme domestic 235:242 arg1 purpose 244:250 domestic purpose 235:250 domestic purpose 235:250 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 11 6 theme Minimum 1447:1453 arg1 assay 1466:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay 1447:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain 1447:1489 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 3 7 theme BLAST 630:634 arg1 analysis 636:643 BLAST analysis 630:643 BLAST analysis 630:643 The isolate was reported as Pseudomonas strain by performing 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis. 30513484 14 8 theme TDB-cellulose-alginate 1858:1879 arg1 beads 1909:1913 TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads 1858:1913 TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads 1858:1913 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 14 9 theme TCS 1851:1853 arg1 removal 1840:1846 The removal 1836:1846 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads 1836:1913 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 14 9 theme TCS 1851:1853 arg1 % 1922:1922 58% 1920:1922 58% 1920:1922 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 1 10 theme purpose 244:250 arg1 products 223:230 daily use products 213:230 daily use products of domestic purpose 213:250 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 2 11 theme National 475:482 arg1 Institute 484:492 the National Institute 471:492 the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India 471:541 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 13 12 theme beads 1829:1833 arg1 form 1821:1824 the form 1817:1824 the form of beads 1817:1833 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 9 13 with % 1231:1231 arg1 results 1251:1257 experimental results 1238:1257 experimental results 1238:1257 The deviation lies within ±10% with experimental results compared to ANN for maximum trials. 30513484 13 14 with bacteria 1771:1778 arg1 alginate 1792:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 7 15 theme RSM 1076:1078 arg1 runs 1086:1089 RSM trial runs 1076:1089 RSM trial runs 1076:1089 Experiments were conducted in batch mode to achieve optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs. 30513484 5 16 dep method 773:778 arg1 validated 827:835 validated 827:835 validated by the artificial neural network (ANN) 827:874 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 16 dep method 773:778 arg1 based 786:790 based 786:790 based central composite design (CCD) 786:821 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 10 17 theme 69 1427:1428 arg1 % 1429:1429 % 1429:1429 % 1429:1429 Hence optimized parameters were established and arrived at pH - 7, time - 13 days, agitation - 150 rpm, dosage - 1.5 μg/L presented 69% removal of TCS. 30513484 8 18 theme better 1126:1131 arg1 agreement 1133:1141 better agreement 1126:1141 better agreement with the experimental results 1126:1171 The RSM model predictions were in better agreement with the experimental results and it was confirmed by ANN. 30513484 7 19 theme bacteria 1058:1065 arg1 growth 1048:1053 optimum growth 1040:1053 optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs 1040:1089 Experiments were conducted in batch mode to achieve optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs. 30513484 0 20 from wastewater 49:58 arg1 identification 14:27 identification 14:27 identification 14:27 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 0 20 from wastewater 49:58 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 0 20 from wastewater 49:58 arg1 immobilization 65:78 its immobilization 61:78 its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan 61:141 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 9 21 theme maximum 1279:1285 arg1 trials 1287:1292 maximum trials 1279:1292 maximum trials 1279:1292 The deviation lies within ±10% with experimental results compared to ANN for maximum trials. 30513484 10 22 theme TCS 1442:1444 arg1 removal 1431:1437 69% removal 1427:1437 69% removal of TCS 1427:1444 Hence optimized parameters were established and arrived at pH - 7, time - 13 days, agitation - 150 rpm, dosage - 1.5 μg/L presented 69% removal of TCS. 30513484 6 23 theme sorbent 965:971 arg1 μg/L 981:984 μg/L 981:984 μg/L 981:984 The Parameters or inputs used for optimization are pH, time (days), agitation (rpm) and sorbent dosage (μg/L). 30513484 6 23 theme sorbent 965:971 arg1 dosage 973:978 sorbent dosage 965:978 sorbent dosage (μg/L) 965:985 The Parameters or inputs used for optimization are pH, time (days), agitation (rpm) and sorbent dosage (μg/L). 30513484 7 24 theme batch 1018:1022 arg1 mode 1024:1027 batch mode 1018:1027 batch mode 1018:1027 Experiments were conducted in batch mode to achieve optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs. 30513484 1 25 theme sewage 337:342 arg1 plants 354:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 14 26 theme TDB-Alginate 1891:1902 arg1 beads 1909:1913 TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads 1858:1913 TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads 1858:1913 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 9 27 theme experimental 1238:1249 arg1 results 1251:1257 experimental results 1238:1257 experimental results 1238:1257 The deviation lies within ±10% with experimental results compared to ANN for maximum trials. 30513484 1 28 theme well-known 165:174 arg1 got 197:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got 163:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 5 29 theme surface 765:771 arg1 method 773:778 response surface method 756:778 response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN) 756:874 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 29 theme surface 765:771 arg1 RSM 781:783 RSM 781:783 RSM 781:783 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 1 30 theme treatment 344:352 arg1 plants 354:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 16 31 dep mg/L 2107:2110 arg1 to 2112:2113 to 2112:2113 to 2112:2113 Therefore, isolate can degrade TCS when the concentration ranges from 0.025 mg/L to 5.5 ng/L. 30513484 8 32 with agreement 1133:1141 arg1 results 1165:1171 the experimental results 1148:1171 the experimental results 1148:1171 The RSM model predictions were in better agreement with the experimental results and it was confirmed by ANN. 30513484 1 33 theme emerging 176:183 arg1 got 197:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got 163:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 11 34 theme isolated 1475:1482 arg1 strain 1484:1489 isolated strain 1475:1489 isolated strain 1475:1489 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 8 35 theme model 1100:1104 arg1 predictions 1106:1116 The RSM model predictions 1092:1116 The RSM model predictions 1092:1116 The RSM model predictions were in better agreement with the experimental results and it was confirmed by ANN. 30513484 4 36 theme environmental 684:696 arg1 factors 698:704 several environmental factors 676:704 several environmental factors 676:704 Bacterial growth depends upon several environmental factors. 30513484 1 37 theme contaminant 185:195 arg1 got 197:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got 163:199 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 14 38 dep TDB-cellulose-alginate 1858:1879 arg1 BA 1905:1906 BA 1905:1906 BA 1905:1906 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 14 38 dep TDB-cellulose-alginate 1858:1879 arg1 BCA 1882:1884 BCA 1882:1884 BCA 1882:1884 The removal of TCS by TDB-cellulose-alginate (BCA) and TDB-Alginate (BA) beads were 58% and 30% respectively. 30513484 1 39 theme got 197:199 arg1 use 206:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 7 40 theme optimum 1040:1046 arg1 growth 1048:1053 optimum growth 1040:1053 optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs 1040:1089 Experiments were conducted in batch mode to achieve optimum growth of bacteria based on RSM trial runs. 30513484 2 41 theme Technology-Karnataka 497:516 arg1 Institute 484:492 the National Institute 471:492 the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India 471:541 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 13 42 with biopolymer 1672:1681 arg1 alginate 1792:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 1 43 theme wide 201:204 arg1 use 206:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 13 44 theme sodium 1736:1741 arg1 alginate 1743:1750 sodium alginate 1736:1750 sodium alginate 1736:1750 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 5 45 theme neural 855:860 arg1 ANN 871:873 ANN 871:873 ANN 871:873 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 45 theme neural 855:860 arg1 network 862:868 the artificial neural network 840:868 the artificial neural network (ANN) 840:874 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 12 46 theme different 1645:1653 arg1 matrices 1655:1662 two different matrices 1641:1662 two different matrices 1641:1662 Later the strain was immobilized in two different matrices. 30513484 15 47 theme BCA 1974:1976 arg1 beads 1978:1982 BCA beads 1974:1982 BCA beads 1974:1982 Hence it was concluded that BCA beads showed effective removal compared to BA beads. 30513484 5 48 theme central 792:798 arg1 CCD 818:820 CCD 818:820 CCD 818:820 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 48 theme central 792:798 arg1 design 810:815 central composite design 792:815 central composite design (CCD) 792:821 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 0 49 theme Pseudomonas 32:42 arg1 identification 14:27 identification 14:27 identification 14:27 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 0 49 theme Pseudomonas 32:42 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 0 49 theme Pseudomonas 32:42 arg1 immobilization 65:78 its immobilization 61:78 its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan 61:141 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 11 50 theme TCS 1600:1602 arg1 mg 1594:1595 lesser than 0.025 mg 1576:1595 lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS 1576:1602 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 10 51 theme % 1429:1429 arg1 removal 1431:1437 69% removal 1427:1437 69% removal of TCS 1427:1444 Hence optimized parameters were established and arrived at pH - 7, time - 13 days, agitation - 150 rpm, dosage - 1.5 μg/L presented 69% removal of TCS. 30513484 0 52 from immobilization 65:78 arg1 performance 108:118 performance 108:118 performance 108:118 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 0 52 from immobilization 65:78 arg1 biopolymer 93:102 cellulose biopolymer 83:102 cellulose biopolymer 83:102 Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas from wastewater, its immobilization in cellulose biopolymer and performance in degrading Triclosan. 30513484 1 53 from use 206:208 arg1 products 223:230 daily use products 213:230 daily use products of domestic purpose 213:250 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 5 54 theme composite 800:808 arg1 CCD 818:820 CCD 818:820 CCD 818:820 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 54 theme composite 800:808 arg1 design 810:815 central composite design 792:815 central composite design (CCD) 792:821 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 8 55 theme experimental 1152:1163 arg1 results 1165:1171 the experimental results 1148:1171 the experimental results 1148:1171 The RSM model predictions were in better agreement with the experimental results and it was confirmed by ANN. 30513484 5 56 theme growth 717:722 arg1 optimization 724:735 its growth optimization 713:735 its growth optimization 713:735 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 11 57 theme inhibitory 1455:1464 arg1 assay 1466:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay 1447:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain 1447:1489 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 5 58 theme artificial 844:853 arg1 ANN 871:873 ANN 871:873 ANN 871:873 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 58 theme artificial 844:853 arg1 network 862:868 the artificial neural network 840:868 the artificial neural network (ANN) 840:874 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 59 theme response 756:763 arg1 method 773:778 response surface method 756:778 response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN) 756:874 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 5 59 theme response 756:763 arg1 RSM 781:783 RSM 781:783 RSM 781:783 Hence its growth optimization was carried out by response surface method (RSM) based central composite design (CCD) and validated by the artificial neural network (ANN). 30513484 1 60 theme ecological 289:298 arg1 cycle 300:304 the ecological cycle 285:304 the ecological cycle 285:304 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 11 61 theme degradation 1521:1531 arg1 capacity 1533:1540 the degradation capacity 1517:1540 the degradation capacity of TCS 1517:1547 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 2 62 dep TCS 377:379 arg1 TDB 401:403 TDB 401:403 TDB 401:403 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 2 62 dep TCS 377:379 arg1 bacteria 391:398 degrading bacteria 381:398 TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) 377:404 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 13 63 theme sodium 1785:1790 arg1 alginate 1792:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 sodium alginate 1785:1799 One is biopolymer extracted from cellulose (Water Hyacinth) along with sodium alginate and second is free bacteria with sodium alginate and was made in the form of beads. 30513484 3 64 theme Pseudomonas 572:582 arg1 strain 584:589 Pseudomonas strain 572:589 Pseudomonas strain 572:589 The isolate was reported as Pseudomonas strain by performing 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis. 30513484 3 64 theme Pseudomonas 572:582 arg1 isolate 548:554 The isolate 544:554 The isolate 544:554 The isolate was reported as Pseudomonas strain by performing 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis. 30513484 11 65 theme strain 1484:1489 arg1 assay 1466:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay 1447:1470 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain 1447:1489 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 30513484 6 66 dep Parameters 881:890 arg1 The 877:879 The 877:879 The 877:879 The Parameters or inputs used for optimization are pH, time (days), agitation (rpm) and sorbent dosage (μg/L). 30513484 15 67 theme effective 1991:1999 arg1 removal 2001:2007 effective removal 1991:2007 effective removal 1991:2007 Hence it was concluded that BCA beads showed effective removal compared to BA beads. 30513484 16 68 theme 0.025 2101:2105 arg1 mg/L 2107:2110 mg/L 2107:2110 mg/L 2107:2110 Therefore, isolate can degrade TCS when the concentration ranges from 0.025 mg/L to 5.5 ng/L. 30513484 4 69 theme several 676:682 arg1 factors 698:704 several environmental factors 676:704 several environmental factors 676:704 Bacterial growth depends upon several environmental factors. 30513484 1 70 theme daily 213:217 arg1 products 223:230 daily use products 213:230 daily use products of domestic purpose 213:250 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 3 71 theme 16S 605:607 arg1 Sequencing 613:622 16S RNA Sequencing 605:622 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis 605:643 The isolate was reported as Pseudomonas strain by performing 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis. 30513484 16 72 theme 5.5 2115:2117 arg1 mg/L 2107:2110 mg/L 2107:2110 mg/L 2107:2110 Therefore, isolate can degrade TCS when the concentration ranges from 0.025 mg/L to 5.5 ng/L. 30513484 1 73 theme use 219:221 arg1 products 223:230 daily use products 213:230 daily use products of domestic purpose 213:250 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 2 74 theme treatment 452:460 arg1 plant 462:466 a wastewater treatment plant 439:466 a wastewater treatment plant 439:466 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 3 75 theme RNA 609:611 arg1 Sequencing 613:622 16S RNA Sequencing 605:622 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis 605:643 The isolate was reported as Pseudomonas strain by performing 16S RNA Sequencing using BLAST analysis. 30513484 2 76 theme degrading 381:389 arg1 TDB 401:403 TDB 401:403 TDB 401:403 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 2 76 theme degrading 381:389 arg1 bacteria 391:398 degrading bacteria 381:398 TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) 377:404 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 8 77 theme RSM 1096:1098 arg1 predictions 1106:1116 The RSM model predictions 1092:1116 The RSM model predictions 1092:1116 The RSM model predictions were in better agreement with the experimental results and it was confirmed by ANN. 30513484 15 78 theme BA 2021:2022 arg1 beads 2024:2028 BA beads 2021:2028 BA beads 2021:2028 Hence it was concluded that BCA beads showed effective removal compared to BA beads. 30513484 2 79 theme wastewater 441:450 arg1 plant 462:466 a wastewater treatment plant 439:466 a wastewater treatment plant 439:466 In this study, TCS degrading bacteria (TDB) was isolated and identified from a wastewater treatment plant at the National Institute of Technology-Karnataka, Surathkal (NITK), India. 30513484 1 80 located detected 325:332 arg1 plants 354:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 sewage treatment plants 337:359 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 1 80 located detected 325:332 arg2 use 206:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use 163:208 Triclosan (TCS) is a well-known emerging contaminant got wide use in daily use products of domestic purpose, which provides the way to enter the ecological cycle, and is preferably detected in sewage treatment plants. 30513484 11 81 theme TCS 1545:1547 arg1 capacity 1533:1540 the degradation capacity 1517:1540 the degradation capacity of TCS 1517:1547 Minimum inhibitory assay of isolated strain was conducted to identify the degradation capacity of TCS and it was found out to be lesser than 0.025 mg of TCS. 31809567 6 0 theme RAW 993:995 arg1 cells 1003:1007 RAW 264.7 cells 993:1007 RAW 264.7 cells 993:1007 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 3 1 from effect 661:666 arg1 release 685:691 the release 681:691 the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 681:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 6 2 theme dose-dependent 1133:1146 arg1 manner 1148:1153 a dose-dependent manner 1131:1153 a dose-dependent manner 1131:1153 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 10 3 theme rice 1430:1433 arg1 bran 1435:1438 rice bran 1430:1438 rice bran 1430:1438 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 3 4 theme nitric 696:701 arg1 NO 710:711 NO 710:711 NO 710:711 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 3 4 theme nitric 696:701 arg1 oxide 703:707 nitric oxide 696:707 nitric oxide (NO) 696:712 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 8 5 dep APPLICATIONS 1252:1263 arg1 known 1278:1282 known 1278:1282 are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1274:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 6 6 theme increased 1060:1068 arg1 release 1070:1076 its increased release 1056:1076 its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) 1056:1126 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 1 7 theme acid 222:225 arg1 effect 203:208 immunostimulating effect 185:208 immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid 185:225 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 2 8 theme high 529:532 arg1 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 8 theme high 529:532 arg1 chromatography 553:566 high performance liquid chromatography 529:566 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 529:573 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 11 9 contain possesses 1625:1633 arg1 acid 1564:1567 The bound ferulic acid 1546:1567 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran 1546:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 11 9 contain possesses 1625:1633 arg2 property 1653:1660 immunostimulatory property 1635:1660 immunostimulatory property 1635:1660 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 7 10 dep in 1224:1225 arg1 vitro 1227:1231 vitro 1227:1231 vitro 1227:1231 Both PA-AX-B and PA-AX-F exhibited significant immunostimulation in in vitro studies. 31809567 8 11 theme phenolic 1310:1317 arg1 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 8 11 theme phenolic 1310:1317 arg1 arabinoxylans 1330:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans 1310:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1310:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 12 12 theme different 1831:1839 arg1 millets 1841:1847 two different millets 1827:1847 two different millets 1827:1847 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 13 from PA-AXs 1724:1729 arg1 rich 1716:1719 rich 1716:1719 rich 1716:1719 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 13 from PA-AXs 1724:1729 arg1 grains 1678:1683 the millets grains 1666:1683 the millets grains 1666:1683 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 8 14 theme bound 1324:1328 arg1 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 8 14 theme bound 1324:1328 arg1 arabinoxylans 1330:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans 1310:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1310:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 3 15 theme ROS 715:717 arg1 release 685:691 the release 681:691 the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 681:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 12 16 from rich 1716:1719 arg1 PA-AXs 1724:1729 PA-AXs 1724:1729 PA-AXs 1724:1729 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 2 17 theme liquid 546:551 arg1 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 17 theme liquid 546:551 arg1 chromatography 553:566 high performance liquid chromatography 529:566 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 529:573 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 12 18 attach derived 1814:1820 arg2 PA-AX 1808:1812 PA-AX 1808:1812 PA-AX derived from two different millets 1808:1847 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 18 attach derived 1814:1820 arg1 millets 1841:1847 two different millets 1827:1847 two different millets 1827:1847 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 6 19 theme cytokine 1094:1101 arg1 release 1070:1076 its increased release 1056:1076 its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) 1056:1126 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 6 20 dep cytokine 1094:1101 arg1 IL-6 1122:1125 IL-6 1122:1125 IL-6 1122:1125 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 6 20 dep cytokine 1094:1101 arg1 TNF-α 1104:1108 TNF-α 1104:1108 TNF-α 1104:1108 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 6 20 dep cytokine 1094:1101 arg1 IL-1β 1111:1115 IL-1β 1111:1115 IL-1β 1111:1115 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 5 21 theme phenolic 954:961 arg1 content 968:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 In HPLC analysis, PA-AX-B showed higher phenolic acid content than PA-AX-F. 31809567 9 22 theme PA-AX 1372:1376 arg1 composition 1357:1367 The composition 1353:1367 The composition of PA-AX 1353:1376 The composition of PA-AX varies with different types of millets. 31809567 12 23 theme immunostimulatory 1778:1794 arg1 property 1796:1803 the immunostimulatory property 1774:1803 the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets 1774:1847 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 1 24 theme immunostimulating 185:201 arg1 effect 203:208 immunostimulating effect 185:208 immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid 185:225 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 3 25 theme macrophage 778:787 arg1 cells 789:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 4 26 theme PA-AX-F 854:860 arg1 ratio 845:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio 823:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B 823:872 The GC-MS results revealed the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B as 1.96:1.0 and 1.64:1.0, respectively. 31809567 0 27 theme foxtail 107:113 arg1 millets 128:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 13 28 theme PA-AX 1918:1922 arg1 's 1923:1924 millet PA-AX's 1911:1924 millet PA-AX's 1911:1924 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 9 29 theme millets 1409:1415 arg1 types 1400:1404 different types 1390:1404 different types of millets 1390:1415 The composition of PA-AX varies with different types of millets. 31809567 2 30 theme mass 499:502 arg1 spectroscopy 504:515 mass spectroscopy 499:515 mass spectroscopy 499:515 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 31 dep acids 384:388 arg1 acid 435:438 ferulic acid 427:438 ferulic acid 427:438 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 31 dep acids 384:388 arg1 acid 400:403 caffeic acid 392:403 caffeic acid 392:403 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 31 dep acids 384:388 arg1 acid 417:420 p-coumaric acid 406:420 p-coumaric acid 406:420 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 31 dep acids 384:388 arg1 acids 384:388 acids' 384:389 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 10 32 theme antitumor 1524:1532 arg1 properties 1534:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 0 33 theme barnyard 119:126 arg1 millets 128:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 8 34 theme PRACTICAL 1242:1250 arg1 APPLICATIONS 1252:1263 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 1242:1263 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 1242:1351 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 11 35 theme bound 1550:1554 arg1 acid 1564:1567 The bound ferulic acid 1546:1567 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran 1546:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 10 36 theme immunostimulatory 1502:1518 arg1 properties 1534:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 0 37 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 characterization 9:24 Chemical characterization 0:24 Chemical characterization 0:24 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 1 38 theme foxtail 292:298 arg1 millets 310:316 foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets 292:316 foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets 292:316 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 2 39 theme ferulic 427:433 arg1 acid 435:438 ferulic acid 427:438 ferulic acid 427:438 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 39 theme ferulic 427:433 arg1 acids 384:388 acids' 384:389 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 40 theme p-coumaric 406:415 arg1 acid 417:420 p-coumaric acid 406:420 p-coumaric acid 406:420 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 40 theme p-coumaric 406:415 arg1 acids 384:388 acids' 384:389 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 3 41 theme PA-AXs 624:629 arg1 activity 612:619 The immunostimulatory activity 590:619 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs 590:629 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 0 42 theme phenolic 60:67 arg1 acid 69:72 phenolic acid 60:72 phenolic acid 60:72 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 0 43 attach derived 94:100 arg2 arabinoxylans 80:92 arabinoxylans 80:92 arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets 80:134 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 0 43 attach derived 94:100 arg1 millets 128:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 foxtail and barnyard millets 107:134 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 4 44 theme PA-AX-B 866:872 arg1 ratio 845:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio 823:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B 823:872 The GC-MS results revealed the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B as 1.96:1.0 and 1.64:1.0, respectively. 31809567 6 45 theme ROS 1085:1087 arg1 release 1070:1076 its increased release 1056:1076 its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) 1056:1126 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 11 46 theme millet 1608:1613 arg1 bran 1615:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 8 47 theme higher 1292:1297 arg1 content 1299:1305 the higher content 1288:1305 the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1288:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 13 48 theme millet 1911:1916 arg1 's 1923:1924 millet PA-AX's 1911:1924 millet PA-AX's 1911:1924 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 2 49 theme sugar 338:342 arg1 analysis 356:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 50 theme acids 384:388 arg1 content 441:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content 369:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 13 51 theme stimulation 2041:2051 arg1 property 2053:2060 its immune stimulation property 2030:2060 its immune stimulation property 2030:2060 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 10 52 contain have 1485:1488 arg1 arabinoxylans 1450:1462 wheat arabinoxylans 1444:1462 wheat arabinoxylans 1444:1462 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 10 52 contain have 1485:1488 arg2 properties 1534:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 10 52 contain have 1485:1488 arg1 bran 1435:1438 rice bran 1430:1438 rice bran 1430:1438 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 13 53 theme immune 1882:1887 arg1 action 1901:1906 the immune stimulatory action 1878:1906 the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's 1878:1924 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 2 54 theme bound 369:373 arg1 content 441:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content 369:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 13 55 theme action 2007:2012 arg1 mechanism 1994:2002 the mechanism 1990:2002 the mechanism of action 1990:2012 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 3 56 theme PA-AXs 671:676 arg1 effect 661:666 the effect 657:666 the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 657:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 6 57 theme NO 1081:1082 arg1 release 1070:1076 its increased release 1056:1076 its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) 1056:1126 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 3 58 theme oxide 703:707 arg1 release 685:691 the release 681:691 the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 681:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 13 59 theme study 1854:1858 arg1 results 1860:1866 The study results 1850:1866 The study results 1850:1866 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 1 60 theme effect 203:208 arg1 evaluation 171:180 evaluation 171:180 evaluation 171:180 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 1 60 theme effect 203:208 arg1 characterization 150:165 chemical characterization 141:165 chemical characterization 141:165 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 3 61 from release 685:691 arg1 cells 789:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 11 62 attach isolated 1587:1594 arg1 bran 1615:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 11 62 attach isolated 1587:1594 arg2 acid 1564:1567 The bound ferulic acid 1546:1567 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran 1546:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 1 63 theme phenolic 213:220 arg1 acid 222:225 phenolic acid 213:225 phenolic acid 213:225 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 10 64 theme wheat 1444:1448 arg1 arabinoxylans 1450:1462 wheat arabinoxylans 1444:1462 wheat arabinoxylans 1444:1462 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 11 65 with acid 1564:1567 arg1 arabinoxylan 1574:1585 arabinoxylan 1574:1585 arabinoxylan 1574:1585 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 4 66 theme xylose 827:832 arg1 ratio 845:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio 823:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B 823:872 The GC-MS results revealed the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B as 1.96:1.0 and 1.64:1.0, respectively. 31809567 8 67 theme acid 1319:1322 arg1 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PA-AX 1345:1349 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 8 67 theme acid 1319:1322 arg1 arabinoxylans 1330:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans 1310:1342 phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1310:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 1 68 attach isolated 255:262 arg2 PA-AXs 247:252 PA-AXs 247:252 PA-AXs 247:252 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 1 68 attach isolated 255:262 arg1 PA-AX-B 279:285 PA-AX-B 279:285 PA-AX-B 279:285 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 1 68 attach isolated 255:262 arg2 arabinoxylan 233:244 arabinoxylan 233:244 arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) 233:286 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 1 68 attach isolated 255:262 arg1 barnyard 269:276 barnyard 269:276 barnyard (PA-AX-B) 269:286 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 4 69 theme arabinose 835:843 arg1 ratio 845:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio 823:849 the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B 823:872 The GC-MS results revealed the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B as 1.96:1.0 and 1.64:1.0, respectively. 31809567 8 70 theme arabinoxylans 1330:1342 arg1 content 1299:1305 the higher content 1288:1305 the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX) 1288:1350 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Millets are known for the higher content of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans (PA-AX). 31809567 3 71 theme cytokine 724:731 arg1 release 685:691 the release 681:691 the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 681:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 4 72 theme GC-MS 800:804 arg1 results 806:812 The GC-MS results 796:812 The GC-MS results 796:812 The GC-MS results revealed the xylose: arabinose ratio of PA-AX-F and PA-AX-B as 1.96:1.0 and 1.64:1.0, respectively. 31809567 5 73 theme higher 947:952 arg1 content 968:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 In HPLC analysis, PA-AX-B showed higher phenolic acid content than PA-AX-F. 31809567 3 74 theme immunostimulatory 594:610 arg1 activity 612:619 The immunostimulatory activity 590:619 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs 590:629 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 1 75 theme chemical 141:148 arg1 characterization 150:165 chemical characterization 141:165 chemical characterization 141:165 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 3 76 theme murine 771:776 arg1 cells 789:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 2 77 theme performance 534:544 arg1 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 HPLC 569:572 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 77 theme performance 534:544 arg1 chromatography 553:566 high performance liquid chromatography 529:566 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 529:573 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 11 78 theme immunostimulatory 1635:1651 arg1 property 1653:1660 immunostimulatory property 1635:1660 immunostimulatory property 1635:1660 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 5 79 theme acid 963:966 arg1 content 968:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 higher phenolic acid content 947:974 In HPLC analysis, PA-AX-B showed higher phenolic acid content than PA-AX-F. 31809567 3 80 theme RAW 761:763 arg1 cells 789:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells 761:793 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 2 81 theme gas 476:478 arg1 GC-MS 518:522 GC-MS 518:522 GC-MS 518:522 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 81 theme gas 476:478 arg1 chromatography 480:493 gas chromatography 476:493 gas chromatography 476:493 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 7 82 theme in 1224:1225 arg1 studies 1233:1239 in vitro studies 1224:1239 in vitro studies 1224:1239 Both PA-AX-B and PA-AX-F exhibited significant immunostimulation in in vitro studies. 31809567 13 83 theme purified 1939:1946 arg1 PA-AX 1948:1952 the purified PA-AX 1935:1952 the purified PA-AX 1935:1952 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 9 84 theme different 1390:1398 arg1 types 1400:1404 different types 1390:1404 different types of millets 1390:1415 The composition of PA-AX varies with different types of millets. 31809567 12 85 theme PA-AX 1808:1812 arg1 property 1796:1803 the immunostimulatory property 1774:1803 the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets 1774:1847 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 1 86 dep characterization 150:165 arg1 The 137:139 The 137:139 The 137:139 The chemical characterization and evaluation of immunostimulating effect of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylan (PA-AXs) isolated from barnyard (PA-AX-B) and foxtail (PA-AX-F) millets were performed. 31809567 13 87 theme 's 1923:1924 arg1 action 1901:1906 the immune stimulatory action 1878:1906 the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's 1878:1924 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 7 88 theme significant 1191:1201 arg1 immunostimulation 1203:1219 significant immunostimulation 1191:1219 significant immunostimulation 1191:1219 Both PA-AX-B and PA-AX-F exhibited significant immunostimulation in in vitro studies. 31809567 2 89 theme caffeic 392:398 arg1 acid 400:403 caffeic acid 392:403 caffeic acid 392:403 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 89 theme caffeic 392:398 arg1 acids 384:388 acids' 384:389 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 3 90 dep cytokine 724:731 arg1 IL-1β 741:745 IL-1β 741:745 IL-1β 741:745 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 3 90 dep cytokine 724:731 arg1 IL-6 752:755 IL-6 752:755 IL-6 752:755 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 3 90 dep cytokine 724:731 arg1 TNF-α 734:738 TNF-α 734:738 TNF-α 734:738 The immunostimulatory activity of PA-AXs was evaluated by studying the effect of PA-AXs on the release of nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. 31809567 10 91 theme significant 1490:1500 arg1 properties 1534:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties 1490:1543 In general, rice bran and wheat arabinoxylans are well reported to have significant immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. 31809567 0 92 theme immunostimulatory 30:46 arg1 activity 48:55 immunostimulatory activity 30:55 immunostimulatory activity 30:55 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 12 93 theme present 1736:1742 arg1 study 1744:1748 the present study 1732:1748 the present study 1732:1748 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 5 94 theme HPLC 917:920 arg1 analysis 922:929 HPLC analysis 917:929 HPLC analysis 917:929 In HPLC analysis, PA-AX-B showed higher phenolic acid content than PA-AX-F. 31809567 2 95 theme PA-AXs 452:457 arg1 analysis 356:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 2 95 theme PA-AXs 452:457 arg1 content 441:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content 369:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 11 96 theme ferulic 1556:1562 arg1 acid 1564:1567 The bound ferulic acid 1546:1567 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran 1546:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 13 97 theme stimulatory 1889:1899 arg1 action 1901:1906 the immune stimulatory action 1878:1906 the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's 1878:1924 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 0 98 theme acid 69:72 arg1 characterization 9:24 Chemical characterization 0:24 Chemical characterization 0:24 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 0 98 theme acid 69:72 arg1 activity 48:55 immunostimulatory activity 30:55 immunostimulatory activity 30:55 Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets. 31809567 11 99 theme finger 1601:1606 arg1 bran 1615:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 finger millet bran 1601:1618 The bound ferulic acid with arabinoxylan isolated from finger millet bran also possesses immunostimulatory property. 31809567 2 100 theme composition 344:354 arg1 analysis 356:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis 334:363 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31809567 6 101 theme immunostimulatory 1010:1026 arg1 activity 1028:1035 immunostimulatory activity 1010:1035 immunostimulatory activity 1010:1035 In RAW 264.7 cells, immunostimulatory activity was established by its increased release of NO, ROS, and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. 31809567 13 102 theme immune 2034:2039 arg1 property 2053:2060 its immune stimulation property 2030:2060 its immune stimulation property 2030:2060 The study results indicated the immune stimulatory action of millet PA-AX's and thus the purified PA-AX can be explored further to identify the mechanism of action with respect to its immune stimulation property. 31809567 12 103 theme millets 1670:1676 arg1 barnyard 1698:1705 barnyard 1698:1705 barnyard 1698:1705 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 103 theme millets 1670:1676 arg1 rich 1716:1719 rich 1716:1719 rich 1716:1719 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 103 theme millets 1670:1676 arg1 foxtail 1686:1692 foxtail 1686:1692 foxtail 1686:1692 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 12 103 theme millets 1670:1676 arg1 grains 1678:1683 the millets grains 1666:1683 the millets grains 1666:1683 As the millets grains, foxtail and barnyard are also rich in PA-AXs, the present study was focused to evaluate the immunostimulatory property of PA-AX derived from two different millets. 31809567 2 104 theme phenolic 375:382 arg1 content 441:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content 369:447 bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs 369:457 The sugar composition analysis and bound phenolic acids' (caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) content of PA-AXs were examined by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. 31042450 12 0 theme pure 1675:1678 arg1 TiO2 1680:1683 the pure TiO2 1671:1683 the pure TiO2 1671:1683 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 11 1 theme photocatalyst 1398:1410 arg1 performance 1378:1388 the photocatalytic performance 1359:1388 the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst 1359:1410 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 9 2 theme nanostructures 1046:1059 arg1 treatment 1015:1023 The heat treatment 1006:1023 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1006:1059 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 8 3 theme 0 978:978 arg1 % 979:979 % 979:979 % 979:979 Therefore the visible light absorbance increased to 15.05% compared to 0% absorbance in pure TiO2. 31042450 7 4 theme TiO2 816:819 arg1 particles 821:829 TiO2 particles 816:829 TiO2 particles 816:829 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 12 5 theme % 1571:1571 arg1 efficiency 1533:1542 the efficiency 1529:1542 the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% 1529:1571 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 0 6 theme blue 143:146 arg1 methylene 133:141 methylene blue 133:146 methylene blue 133:146 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 1 7 theme visible 242:248 arg1 light 250:254 visible light 242:254 visible light 242:254 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 11 8 theme Carbon 1336:1341 arg1 doping 1343:1348 Carbon doping 1336:1348 Carbon doping 1336:1348 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 0 9 theme visible 154:160 arg1 light 162:166 visible light 154:166 visible light 154:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 5 10 theme atoms 683:687 arg1 doping 666:671 the doping 662:671 the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice 662:703 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 10 11 theme TiO2 1202:1205 arg1 synthesis 1189:1197 synthesis 1189:1197 synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC 1189:1224 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 5 12 theme TiO2 692:695 arg1 lattice 697:703 TiO2 lattice 692:703 TiO2 lattice 692:703 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 5 13 from atoms 595:599 arg1 TiO2 604:607 TiO2 604:607 TiO2 604:607 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 11 14 theme blue 1475:1478 arg1 methylene 1465:1473 methylene blue 1465:1478 methylene blue 1465:1478 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 0 15 theme microcrystalline 62:77 arg1 cellulose 79:87 microcrystalline cellulose 62:87 microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light 62:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 1 16 from photocatalyst 199:211 arg1 light 250:254 visible light 242:254 visible light 242:254 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 1 17 theme Carbon-doped 169:180 arg1 photocatalyst 199:211 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst 169:211 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light 169:254 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 12 18 theme % 1552:1552 arg1 efficiency 1533:1542 the efficiency 1529:1542 the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% 1529:1571 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 10 19 theme MCC 1222:1224 arg1 presence 1210:1217 presence 1210:1217 presence of MCC 1210:1224 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 8 20 theme pure 995:998 arg1 TiO2 1000:1003 pure TiO2 995:1003 pure TiO2 995:1003 Therefore the visible light absorbance increased to 15.05% compared to 0% absorbance in pure TiO2. 31042450 1 21 theme dioxide 191:197 arg1 photocatalyst 199:211 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst 169:211 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light 169:254 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 9 22 theme carbon-doped 1028:1039 arg1 nanostructures 1046:1059 carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1028:1059 carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1028:1059 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 0 23 theme photocatalytic 103:116 arg1 degradation 118:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation 93:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light 93:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 3 24 theme prepared 374:381 arg1 samples 410:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 11 25 theme pure 1428:1431 arg1 nanoparticles 1433:1445 the pure nanoparticles 1424:1445 the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase 1424:1499 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 5 26 theme carbon 588:593 arg1 atoms 595:599 % carbon atoms 586:599 % carbon atoms in TiO2 586:607 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 0 27 theme Sol-gel 0:6 arg1 synthesis 8:16 Sol-gel synthesis 0:16 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 0:37 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 3 28 theme TiO2 405:408 arg1 samples 410:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 10 29 theme TiO2 1253:1256 arg1 nanoparticles 1258:1270 TiO2 nanoparticles 1253:1270 TiO2 nanoparticles 1253:1270 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 3 30 theme annealing 470:478 arg1 temperature 480:490 annealing temperature 470:490 annealing temperature 470:490 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 0 31 theme TiO2 34:37 arg1 synthesis 8:16 Sol-gel synthesis 0:16 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 0:37 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 7 32 theme UV-VIS 779:784 arg1 analysis 790:797 the UV-VIS DRS analysis 775:797 the UV-VIS DRS analysis 775:797 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 12 33 theme Carbon-doped 1502:1513 arg1 TiO2 1515:1518 Carbon-doped TiO2 1502:1518 Carbon-doped TiO2 1502:1518 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 5 34 from doping 666:671 arg1 lattice 697:703 TiO2 lattice 692:703 TiO2 lattice 692:703 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 3 35 theme carbon 512:517 arg1 ions 519:522 carbon ions 512:522 carbon ions 512:522 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 8 36 theme visible 921:927 arg1 light 929:933 Therefore the visible light 907:933 Therefore the visible light 907:933 Therefore the visible light absorbance increased to 15.05% compared to 0% absorbance in pure TiO2. 31042450 8 37 theme % 979:979 arg1 absorbance 981:990 0% absorbance 978:990 0% absorbance 978:990 Therefore the visible light absorbance increased to 15.05% compared to 0% absorbance in pure TiO2. 31042450 6 38 theme Raman 742:746 arg1 spectroscopy 748:759 Raman spectroscopy 742:759 Raman spectroscopy 742:759 Carbon doping was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. 31042450 9 39 theme higher 1141:1146 arg1 temperatures 1128:1139 temperatures 1128:1139 temperatures higher than 600°C 1128:1157 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 5 40 dep nanoparticles 609:621 arg1 formed 623:628 formed 623:628 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice 609:703 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 1 41 theme sol-gel 285:291 arg1 method 293:298 the typical sol-gel method 273:298 the typical sol-gel method 273:298 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 11 42 theme TiO2 1393:1396 arg1 photocatalyst 1398:1410 TiO2 photocatalyst 1393:1410 TiO2 photocatalyst 1393:1410 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 0 43 dep nanoparticles 39:51 arg1 based 53:57 based 53:57 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light 39:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 10 44 theme SEM 1177:1179 arg1 images 1181:1186 the SEM images 1173:1186 the SEM images 1173:1186 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 10 45 from synthesis 1189:1197 arg1 presence 1210:1217 presence 1210:1217 presence of MCC 1210:1224 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 12 46 theme related 1660:1666 arg1 % 1640:1640 28.43% 1635:1640 28.43% 1635:1640 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 2 47 theme carbon 346:351 arg1 cellulose 318:326 Microcrystalline cellulose 301:326 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 301:332 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 47 theme carbon 346:351 arg1 source 362:367 carbon elements source 346:367 carbon elements source 346:367 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 1 48 theme improved 218:225 arg1 performance 227:237 improved performance 218:237 improved performance 218:237 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 7 49 theme particles 821:829 arg1 gap 809:811 the band gap 800:811 the band gap of TiO2 particles 800:829 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 7 50 dep 2.96 846:849 arg1 2.71 eV 854:860 2.71 eV 854:860 2.71 eV 854:860 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 7 50 dep 2.96 846:849 arg1 to 851:852 to 851:852 to 851:852 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 10 51 dep morphology 1291:1300 arg1 the 1287:1289 the 1287:1289 the 1287:1289 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 12 52 theme % 1560:1560 arg1 efficiency 1533:1542 the efficiency 1529:1542 the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% 1529:1571 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 5 53 theme carbon 676:681 arg1 atoms 683:687 carbon atoms 676:687 carbon atoms 676:687 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 2 54 theme Microcrystalline 301:316 arg1 MCC 329:331 MCC 329:331 MCC 329:331 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 54 theme Microcrystalline 301:316 arg1 cellulose 318:326 Microcrystalline cellulose 301:326 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 301:332 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 54 theme Microcrystalline 301:316 arg1 source 362:367 carbon elements source 346:367 carbon elements source 346:367 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 5 55 theme % 586:586 arg1 atoms 595:599 % carbon atoms 586:599 % carbon atoms in TiO2 586:607 % carbon atoms in TiO2 nanoparticles formed on MCC, which was attributed to the doping of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. 31042450 11 56 theme methylene 1465:1473 arg1 degradation 1450:1460 degradation 1450:1460 degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase 1450:1499 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 2 57 used used 338:341 arg2 cellulose 318:326 Microcrystalline cellulose 301:326 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 301:332 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 57 used used 338:341 arg2 source 362:367 carbon elements source 346:367 carbon elements source 346:367 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 57 used used 338:341 arg2 MCC 329:331 MCC 329:331 MCC 329:331 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 9 58 theme heat 1010:1013 arg1 treatment 1015:1023 The heat treatment 1006:1023 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1006:1059 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 0 59 theme efficient 93:101 arg1 degradation 118:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation 93:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light 93:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 1 60 theme titanium 182:189 arg1 dioxide 191:197 titanium dioxide 182:197 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light 169:254 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 4 61 theme EDX 542:544 arg1 analysis 546:553 EDX analysis 542:553 EDX analysis 542:553 EDX analysis showed the presence of 5.66 wt. 31042450 11 62 theme aqueous 1487:1493 arg1 phase 1495:1499 the aqueous phase 1483:1499 the aqueous phase 1483:1499 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 3 63 theme carbon-doped 392:403 arg1 samples 410:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 9 64 theme TiO2 1041:1044 arg1 nanostructures 1046:1059 carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1028:1059 carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures 1028:1059 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 0 65 theme methylene 133:141 arg1 degradation 118:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation 93:128 efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light 93:166 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 3 66 theme pure 383:386 arg1 samples 410:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples 370:416 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 4 67 theme 5.66 wt 578:584 arg1 presence 566:573 the presence 562:573 the presence of 5.66 wt 562:584 EDX analysis showed the presence of 5.66 wt. 31042450 9 68 theme carbon 1073:1078 arg1 element 1080:1086 carbon element 1073:1086 carbon element 1073:1086 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 0 69 theme carbon-doped 21:32 arg1 TiO2 34:37 carbon-doped TiO2 21:37 carbon-doped TiO2 21:37 Sol-gel synthesis of carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles based on microcrystalline cellulose for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. 31042450 7 70 theme band 804:807 arg1 gap 809:811 the band gap 800:811 the band gap of TiO2 particles 800:829 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 12 71 theme visible 1583:1589 arg1 lights 1601:1606 visible and solar lights 1583:1606 visible and solar lights 1583:1606 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 10 72 theme nanoparticles 1258:1270 arg1 growth 1243:1248 the growth 1239:1248 the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles 1239:1270 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 6 73 theme Carbon 706:711 arg1 doping 713:718 Carbon doping 706:718 Carbon doping 706:718 Carbon doping was also confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. 31042450 11 74 from nanoparticles 1433:1445 arg1 degradation 1450:1460 degradation 1450:1460 degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase 1450:1499 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 12 75 theme solar 1595:1599 arg1 lights 1601:1606 visible and solar lights 1583:1606 visible and solar lights 1583:1606 Carbon-doped TiO2 attained the efficiency of 56.25%, 51.18% and 62.95% under UV, visible and solar lights, respectively, compared to 28.43%, 6.36% and 33.65% related to the pure TiO2. 31042450 3 76 theme temperature 480:490 arg1 effect 460:465 the effect 456:465 the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions 456:522 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 7 77 theme DRS 786:788 arg1 analysis 790:797 the UV-VIS DRS analysis 775:797 the UV-VIS DRS analysis 775:797 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 11 78 from degradation 1450:1460 arg1 phase 1495:1499 the aqueous phase 1483:1499 the aqueous phase 1483:1499 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 9 79 theme O-Ti-O 1110:1115 arg1 lattice 1117:1123 the O-Ti-O lattice 1106:1123 the O-Ti-O lattice 1106:1123 The heat treatment of carbon-doped TiO2 nanostructures showed that carbon element could escape from the O-Ti-O lattice at temperatures higher than 600°C. 31042450 3 80 theme ions 519:522 arg1 stability 499:507 the stability 495:507 the stability of carbon ions 495:522 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 1 81 with photocatalyst 199:211 arg1 performance 227:237 improved performance 218:237 improved performance 218:237 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 31042450 3 82 from effect 460:465 arg1 stability 499:507 the stability 495:507 the stability of carbon ions 495:522 The prepared pure and carbon-doped TiO2 samples were calcined at 400-650°C in air and the effect of annealing temperature on the stability of carbon ions was investigated. 31042450 2 83 theme elements 353:360 arg1 cellulose 318:326 Microcrystalline cellulose 301:326 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 301:332 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 2 83 theme elements 353:360 arg1 source 362:367 carbon elements source 346:367 carbon elements source 346:367 Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as carbon elements source. 31042450 7 84 theme carbon-doped 874:885 arg1 TiO2 887:890 pure and carbon-doped TiO2 865:890 pure and carbon-doped TiO2 865:890 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 11 85 theme photocatalytic 1363:1376 arg1 performance 1378:1388 the photocatalytic performance 1359:1388 the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst 1359:1410 Carbon doping improved the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 photocatalyst compared to the pure nanoparticles in degradation of methylene blue in the aqueous phase. 31042450 10 86 theme nanoparticles 1321:1333 arg1 aggregation 1306:1316 aggregation 1306:1316 aggregation 1306:1316 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 10 86 theme nanoparticles 1321:1333 arg1 morphology 1291:1300 morphology 1291:1300 morphology 1291:1300 According to the SEM images, synthesis of TiO2 in presence of MCC also limited the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles and controlled the morphology and aggregation of nanoparticles. 31042450 7 87 theme pure 865:868 arg1 TiO2 887:890 pure and carbon-doped TiO2 865:890 pure and carbon-doped TiO2 865:890 According to the UV-VIS DRS analysis, the band gap of TiO2 particles decreased from 2.96 to 2.71 eV in pure and carbon-doped TiO2, respectively. 31042450 1 88 theme typical 277:283 arg1 method 293:298 the typical sol-gel method 273:298 the typical sol-gel method 273:298 Carbon-doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst with improved performance in visible light was prepared via the typical sol-gel method. 29631854 4 0 theme removal 891:897 arg1 efficiency 899:908 the lignin removal efficiency 880:908 the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4% 880:920 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 4 1 dep 87.4 916:919 arg1 to 913:914 to 913:914 to 913:914 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 1 2 theme NaOH 217:220 arg1 solution 134:141 the solution 130:141 the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 130:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 0 3 theme liquids 64:70 arg1 solution 46:53 the alkaline solution 33:53 the alkaline solution of ionic liquids 33:70 Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. 29631854 4 4 dep efficiency 899:908 arg1 % 920:920 % 920:920 % 920:920 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 3 5 dep composition 528:538 arg1 the 524:526 the 524:526 the 524:526 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 6 theme reaction 639:646 arg1 time 648:651 reaction time 1.31 h 639:658 reaction time 1.31 h 639:658 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 4 7 theme lignin 884:889 arg1 efficiency 899:908 the lignin removal efficiency 880:908 the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4% 880:920 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 3 8 dep optimized 459:467 arg1 time 648:651 reaction time 1.31 h 639:658 reaction time 1.31 h 639:658 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 8 dep optimized 459:467 arg1 temperature 618:628 reaction temperature 98.5 °C 609:636 reaction temperature 98.5 °C 609:636 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 8 dep optimized 459:467 arg1 ratio 678:682 solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7 665:688 solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7 665:688 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 9 theme solid-liquid 665:676 arg1 ratio 678:682 solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7 665:688 solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7 665:688 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 4 10 theme optimized 701:709 arg1 conditions 711:720 the optimized conditions 697:720 the optimized conditions 697:720 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 3 11 theme comparative 503:513 arg1 study 515:519 the comparative study 499:519 the comparative study 499:519 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 2 12 theme temperature 283:293 arg1 effects 263:269 The effects 259:269 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency 259:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 1 13 with pretreatment 98:109 arg1 solution 134:141 the solution 130:141 the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 130:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 2 14 theme removal 348:354 arg1 efficiency 356:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 2 15 theme lignin 341:346 arg1 efficiency 356:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 3 16 theme Box-Behnken 476:486 arg1 design 488:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 2 17 theme reaction 274:281 arg1 temperature 283:293 reaction temperature 274:293 reaction temperature 274:293 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 1 18 theme 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 146:172 arg1 [Emim 183:187 [Emim 183:187 [Emim 183:187 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 1 18 theme 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 146:172 arg1 acetate 174:180 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate 146:180 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 2 19 theme surface 399:405 arg1 RSM 420:422 RSM 420:422 RSM 420:422 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 2 19 theme surface 399:405 arg1 methodology 407:417 the response surface methodology 386:417 the response surface methodology (RSM) 386:423 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 4 20 dep % 920:920 arg1 87.4 916:919 87.4 916:919 87.4 916:919 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 3 21 theme composition 528:538 arg1 design 488:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 21 theme composition 528:538 arg1 study 515:519 the comparative study 499:519 the comparative study 499:519 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 1 22 theme acetate 174:180 arg1 NaOH 217:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 0 23 theme straw 21:25 arg1 Pretreatment 0:11 Pretreatment 0:11 Pretreatment of corn straw 0:25 Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. 29631854 1 24 theme lignin 243:248 arg1 removal 250:256 its lignin removal 239:256 its lignin removal 239:256 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 4 25 theme lignin 839:844 arg1 content 846:852 the lignin content 835:852 the lignin content 835:852 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 4 26 theme corn 771:774 arg1 straw 776:780 the corn straw 767:780 the corn straw 767:780 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 1 27 theme present 80:86 arg1 work 88:91 the present work 76:91 the present work 76:91 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 0 28 theme corn 16:19 arg1 straw 21:25 corn straw 16:25 corn straw 16:25 Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. 29631854 2 29 theme ratio 328:332 arg1 effects 263:269 The effects 259:269 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency 259:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 2 30 theme response 390:397 arg1 RSM 420:422 RSM 420:422 RSM 420:422 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 2 30 theme response 390:397 arg1 methodology 407:417 the response surface methodology 386:417 the response surface methodology (RSM) 386:423 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 4 31 theme straw 776:780 arg1 contents 755:762 the cellulose and hemicellulose contents 723:762 contents 755:762 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 2 32 theme time 305:308 arg1 effects 263:269 The effects 259:269 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency 259:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 0 33 theme alkaline 37:44 arg1 solution 46:53 the alkaline solution 33:53 the alkaline solution of ionic liquids 33:70 Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. 29631854 3 34 theme structure 544:552 arg1 design 488:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 the Box-Behnken design 472:493 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 34 theme structure 544:552 arg1 study 515:519 the comparative study 499:519 the comparative study 499:519 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 2 35 theme reaction 296:303 arg1 time 305:308 reaction time 296:308 reaction time 296:308 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 4 36 theme hemicellulose 741:753 arg1 contents 755:762 the cellulose and hemicellulose contents 723:762 contents 755:762 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 3 37 theme corn 557:560 arg1 straw 562:566 corn straw 557:566 corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be 557:606 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 4 38 theme cellulose 727:735 arg1 contents 755:762 the cellulose and hemicellulose contents 723:762 contents 755:762 Under the optimized conditions, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the corn straw were increased to 85.69% and 9.1%, respectively, and the lignin content was reduced to 2.27% with the lignin removal efficiency up to 87.4%. 29631854 1 39 theme stalk 119:123 arg1 pretreatment 98:109 the pretreatment 94:109 the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 94:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 1 40 theme ionic 193:197 arg1 NaOH 217:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 0 41 theme ionic 58:62 arg1 liquids 64:70 ionic liquids 58:70 ionic liquids 58:70 Pretreatment of corn straw using the alkaline solution of ionic liquids. 29631854 3 42 theme reaction 609:616 arg1 temperature 618:628 reaction temperature 98.5 °C 609:636 reaction temperature 98.5 °C 609:636 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 43 theme straw 562:566 arg1 structure 544:552 structure 544:552 structure 544:552 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 3 43 theme straw 562:566 arg1 composition 528:538 composition 528:538 composition 528:538 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 1 44 theme corn 114:117 arg1 stalk 119:123 corn stalk 114:123 corn stalk 114:123 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 3 45 theme pretreatment 430:441 arg1 conditions 443:452 The pretreatment conditions 426:452 The pretreatment conditions 426:452 The pretreatment conditions were optimized by the Box-Behnken design and the comparative study of the composition and structure of corn straw before and after the pretreatment to be: reaction temperature 98.5 °C, reaction time 1.31 h, and solid-liquid ratio 1:8.7. 29631854 1 46 theme liquid 199:204 arg1 NaOH 217:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 1 47 dep [Emim 183:187 arg1 Ac 189:190 Ac 189:190 Ac 189:190 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 29631854 2 48 theme solid-liquid 315:326 arg1 ratio 328:332 solid-liquid ratio 315:332 solid-liquid ratio 315:332 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 2 49 from effects 263:269 arg1 efficiency 356:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 the lignin removal efficiency 337:365 The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio on the lignin removal efficiency were determined by the response surface methodology (RSM). 29631854 1 50 theme containing 206:215 arg1 NaOH 217:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH 146:220 In the present work, the pretreatment of corn stalk with the solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac) ionic liquid containing NaOH was explored for its lignin removal. 31174749 1 0 theme adequate 327:334 arg1 levels 342:347 adequate water levels 327:347 adequate water levels 327:347 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 5 1 theme corresponding 1036:1048 arg1 breads 1053:1058 The corresponding GF breads 1032:1058 The corresponding GF breads 1032:1058 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 1 2 theme fibre 267:271 arg1 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 219:253 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 2 theme fibre 267:271 arg1 beet 262:265 sugar beet 256:265 sugar beet fibre (SBF) 256:277 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 3 3 theme GF 670:671 arg1 breads 673:678 GF breads 670:678 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF 670:742 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 1 4 theme water 336:340 arg1 levels 342:347 adequate water levels 327:347 adequate water levels 327:347 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 5 theme presented 177:185 arg1 study 187:191 The presented study 173:191 The presented study 173:191 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 3 6 theme lowest 830:835 arg1 hardness 843:850 the lowest crumb hardness 826:850 the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively) 826:882 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 5 7 theme enhanced 1067:1074 arg1 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 5 7 theme enhanced 1067:1074 arg1 content 1082:1088 enhanced fibre content 1067:1088 enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g) 1067:1108 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 3 8 theme crumb 837:841 arg1 hardness 843:850 the lowest crumb hardness 826:850 the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively) 826:882 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 4 9 theme sensory 927:933 arg1 characteristics 935:949 good sensory characteristics 922:949 good sensory characteristics 922:949 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 0 10 theme gluten-free 99:109 arg1 formulations 111:122 gluten-free formulations 99:122 gluten-free formulations 99:122 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 3 11 theme 4 g/100 g 685:693 arg1 HPMC 695:698 4 g/100 g HPMC 685:698 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF 685:742 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 2 12 theme water 558:562 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 12 theme water 558:562 arg1 quantity 564:571 water quantity 558:571 water quantity 558:571 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 4 13 theme good 922:925 arg1 characteristics 935:949 good sensory characteristics 922:949 good sensory characteristics 922:949 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 0 14 theme Rheological 125:135 arg1 aspects 164:170 Rheological, technological and sensory aspects 125:170 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 0:171 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 1 15 theme gluten-free 352:362 arg1 rheology 376:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 16 theme fibre 607:611 arg1 type 613:616 the fibre type 603:616 the fibre type 603:616 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 4 17 with breads 971:976 arg1 AF 1028:1029 AF 1028:1029 AF 1028:1029 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 4 17 with breads 971:976 arg1 5 1005:1005 5 1005:1005 5 1005:1005 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 4 17 with breads 971:976 arg1 SBF 1021:1023 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF 983:1023 SBF 1021:1023 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 4 17 with breads 971:976 arg1 HPMC 993:996 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF 983:1023 HPMC 993:996 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 3 18 dep hardness 843:850 arg1 2.10 N 862:867 2.10 N 862:867 2.10 N 862:867 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 18 dep hardness 843:850 arg1 2.29 853:856 2.29 853:856 2.29 853:856 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 4 19 theme Appealing 885:893 arg1 crust 895:899 Appealing crust 885:899 Appealing crust 885:899 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 2 20 theme Box-Behnken 431:441 arg1 design 456:461 A Box-Behnken experimental design 429:461 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 429:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 1 21 theme GF 365:366 arg1 rheology 376:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 22 theme flour/starch 636:647 arg1 mixture 649:655 a maize flour/starch mixture 628:655 a maize flour/starch mixture 628:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 0 23 theme Sugar 0:4 arg1 beet 6:9 Sugar beet 0:9 Sugar beet 0:9 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 3 24 theme 3 g/100 g 713:721 arg1 SBF 723:725 3 g/100 g SBF 713:725 3 g/100 g SBF 713:725 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 2 25 theme maize 630:634 arg1 mixture 649:655 a maize flour/starch mixture 628:655 a maize flour/starch mixture 628:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 1 26 theme batter 369:374 arg1 rheology 376:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 0 27 theme apple 15:19 arg1 fibres 21:26 apple fibres 15:26 apple fibres 15:26 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 1 28 theme apple 283:287 arg1 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 219:253 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 28 theme apple 283:287 arg1 incorporation 300:312 apple fibre (AF) incorporation 283:312 apple fibre (AF) incorporation 283:312 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 28 theme apple 283:287 arg1 AF 296:297 AF 296:297 AF 296:297 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 0 29 theme technological 138:150 arg1 aspects 164:170 Rheological, technological and sensory aspects 125:170 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 0:171 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 1 30 theme fibre 289:293 arg1 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 219:253 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 30 theme fibre 289:293 arg1 incorporation 300:312 apple fibre (AF) incorporation 283:312 apple fibre (AF) incorporation 283:312 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 30 theme fibre 289:293 arg1 AF 296:297 AF 296:297 AF 296:297 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 31 theme AF 528:529 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 31 theme AF 528:529 arg1 quantity 531:538 AF quantity 528:538 AF quantity 528:538 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 1 32 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 arg1 influence 206:214 the influence 202:214 the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics 202:426 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 33 theme independent 468:478 arg1 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 33 theme independent 468:478 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 33 theme independent 468:478 arg1 quantity 531:538 AF quantity 528:538 AF quantity 528:538 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 33 theme independent 468:478 arg1 quantity 564:571 water quantity 558:571 water quantity 558:571 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 33 theme independent 468:478 arg1 quantity 496:503 HPMC quantity 491:503 HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g) 491:517 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 0 34 theme sensory 156:162 arg1 aspects 164:170 Rheological, technological and sensory aspects 125:170 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 0:171 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 0 35 from ingredients 84:94 arg1 formulations 111:122 gluten-free formulations 99:122 gluten-free formulations 99:122 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 5 36 theme fibre 1076:1080 arg1 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 4.56-6.07 g/100 g 1091:1107 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 5 36 theme fibre 1076:1080 arg1 content 1082:1088 enhanced fibre content 1067:1088 enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g) 1067:1108 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 4 37 theme crumb 905:909 arg1 colour 911:916 crumb colour 905:916 crumb colour 905:916 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 4 38 theme GF 968:969 arg1 breads 971:976 GF breads 968:976 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF 968:1029 Appealing crust and crumb colour and good sensory characteristics were achieved in GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC and 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g SBF or AF. 31174749 3 39 dep volumes 773:779 arg1 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 39 dep volumes 773:779 arg1 volumes 773:779 the highest specific volumes 752:779 the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively) 752:882 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 39 dep volumes 773:779 arg1 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 2 40 theme experimental 443:454 arg1 design 456:461 A Box-Behnken experimental design 429:461 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 429:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 180-230 g/100 g 574:588 180-230 g/100 g 574:588 180-230 g/100 g 574:588 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 3-7 g/100 g 541:551 3-7 g/100 g 541:551 3-7 g/100 g 541:551 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 quantity 496:503 HPMC quantity 491:503 HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g) 491:517 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 41 dep variables 480:488 arg1 quantity 564:571 water quantity 558:571 water quantity 558:571 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 1 42 theme bread 386:390 arg1 quality 392:398 bread quality 386:398 bread quality 386:398 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 3 43 with breads 673:678 arg1 HPMC 695:698 4 g/100 g HPMC 685:698 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF 685:742 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 44 theme 7 g/100 g 731:739 arg1 AF 741:742 7 g/100 g AF 731:742 7 g/100 g AF 731:742 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 45 theme specific 764:771 arg1 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 45 theme specific 764:771 arg1 volumes 773:779 the highest specific volumes 752:779 the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively) 752:882 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 45 theme specific 764:771 arg1 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 1 46 dep fibre 267:271 arg1 SBF 274:276 SBF 274:276 SBF 274:276 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 47 with design 456:461 arg1 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 SBF 520:522 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 47 with design 456:461 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 47 with design 456:461 arg1 quantity 531:538 AF quantity 528:538 AF quantity 528:538 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 47 with design 456:461 arg1 quantity 564:571 water quantity 558:571 water quantity 558:571 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 47 with design 456:461 arg1 quantity 496:503 HPMC quantity 491:503 HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g) 491:517 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 0 48 theme functional 73:82 arg1 ingredients 84:94 functional ingredients 73:94 functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations 73:122 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 1 49 theme sensory 404:410 arg1 characteristics 412:426 sensory characteristics 404:426 sensory characteristics 404:426 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 0 50 dep beet 6:9 arg1 aspects 164:170 Rheological, technological and sensory aspects 125:170 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 0:171 Sugar beet and apple fibres coupled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as functional ingredients in gluten-free formulations: Rheological, technological and sensory aspects. 31174749 1 51 from influence 206:214 arg1 rheology 376:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 gluten-free (GF) batter rheology 352:383 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 51 from influence 206:214 arg1 quality 392:398 bread quality 386:398 bread quality 386:398 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 51 from influence 206:214 arg1 characteristics 412:426 sensory characteristics 404:426 sensory characteristics 404:426 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 52 theme sugar 256:260 arg1 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 219:246 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) 219:253 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 1 52 theme sugar 256:260 arg1 beet 262:265 sugar beet 256:265 sugar beet fibre (SBF) 256:277 The presented study examined the influence of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sugar beet fibre (SBF) and apple fibre (AF) incorporation coupled with adequate water levels on gluten-free (GF) batter rheology, bread quality and sensory characteristics. 31174749 2 53 theme HPMC 491:494 arg1 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 2-4 g/100 g 506:516 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 53 theme HPMC 491:494 arg1 variables 480:488 independent variables 468:488 independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture 468:655 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 2 53 theme HPMC 491:494 arg1 quantity 496:503 HPMC quantity 491:503 HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g) 491:517 A Box-Behnken experimental design with independent variables: HPMC quantity (2-4 g/100 g), SBF and AF quantity (3-7 g/100 g) and water quantity (180-230 g/100 g depending on the fibre type) based on a maize flour/starch mixture was applied. 31174749 5 54 theme GF 1050:1051 arg1 breads 1053:1058 The corresponding GF breads 1032:1058 The corresponding GF breads 1032:1058 The corresponding GF breads showed enhanced fibre content (4.56-6.07 g/100 g). 31174749 3 55 theme highest 756:762 arg1 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 2.44 cm3/g 782:791 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 55 theme highest 756:762 arg1 volumes 773:779 the highest specific volumes 752:779 the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively) 752:882 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 31174749 3 55 theme highest 756:762 arg1 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 3.97 cm3/g 797:806 GF breads with 4 g/100 g HPMC coupled with 3 g/100 g SBF and 7 g/100 g AF reached the highest specific volumes (2.44 cm3/g and 3.97 cm3/g) accompanied with the lowest crumb hardness (2.29 and 2.10 N, respectively). 30590330 0 0 theme microgels 95:103 arg1 fabrication 15:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 0 0 theme microgels 95:103 arg1 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 6 1 theme CA-NEs 915:920 arg1 films 936:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 1 2 with method 248:253 arg1 carvacrol 260:268 carvacrol itself 260:275 carvacrol itself 260:275 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 6 3 theme good 985:988 arg1 activity 1004:1011 good antibacterial activity 985:1011 good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli 985:1041 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 5 4 theme carvacrol 754:762 arg1 CA-NEs 779:784 CA-NEs 779:784 CA-NEs 779:784 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 5 4 theme carvacrol 754:762 arg1 nanoemulsions 764:776 the carvacrol nanoemulsions 750:776 the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) 750:785 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 0 5 theme chitosan 86:93 arg1 microgels 95:103 carboxymethyl chitosan microgels 72:103 carboxymethyl chitosan microgels 72:103 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 6 6 theme excellent 1048:1056 arg1 ability 1058:1064 excellent ability 1048:1064 excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread 1048:1104 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 6 7 theme shelf 1080:1084 arg1 life 1086:1089 the shelf life 1076:1089 the shelf life of wheat bread 1076:1104 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 3 8 theme electrospray 597:608 arg1 technique 610:618 an electrospray technique 594:618 an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films 594:643 The CMC microgels obtained were rapidly deposited on the surface of tin foil using an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films. 30590330 7 9 theme CA-NEs 1271:1276 arg1 candidate 1313:1321 an excellent candidate 1300:1321 an excellent candidate for the active packaging 1300:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 7 9 theme CA-NEs 1271:1276 arg1 film 1292:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 1 10 theme oil 280:282 arg1 phase 284:288 oil phase 280:288 oil phase 280:288 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 7 11 theme other 1219:1223 arg1 types 1225:1229 other types 1219:1229 other types of essential oils and polymers 1219:1260 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 3 12 theme tin 579:581 arg1 foil 583:586 tin foil 579:586 tin foil 579:586 The CMC microgels obtained were rapidly deposited on the surface of tin foil using an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films. 30590330 3 13 theme CMC 515:517 arg1 microgels 519:527 The CMC microgels 511:527 The CMC microgels obtained 511:536 The CMC microgels obtained were rapidly deposited on the surface of tin foil using an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films. 30590330 0 14 theme films 125:129 arg1 fabrication 15:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 0 14 theme films 125:129 arg1 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 5 15 theme CMC 808:810 arg1 films 812:816 the CMC films 804:816 the CMC films 804:816 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 5 16 theme aqueous 869:875 arg1 solution 877:884 aqueous solution 869:884 aqueous solution 869:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 5 17 theme microgels 856:864 arg1 property 840:847 swelling property 831:847 swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution 831:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 0 18 theme composite 115:123 arg1 films 125:129 their composite films 109:129 their composite films 109:129 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 7 19 theme CMC 1165:1167 arg1 microgels 1169:1177 CMC microgels 1165:1177 CMC microgels 1165:1177 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 0 20 theme innovative 4:13 arg1 fabrication 15:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 6 21 theme satisfactory 950:961 arg1 activity 975:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 2 22 theme carboxymethyl 348:360 arg1 CMC 372:374 CMC 372:374 CMC 372:374 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 2 22 theme carboxymethyl 348:360 arg1 chitosan 362:369 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan 330:369 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds 330:419 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 7 23 theme oils 1244:1247 arg1 types 1225:1229 other types 1219:1229 other types of essential oils and polymers 1219:1260 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 1 24 theme stable 180:185 arg1 nanoemulsions 187:199 physically stable nanoemulsions 169:199 physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase 169:288 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 2 25 theme Self-crosslinking 330:346 arg1 CMC 372:374 CMC 372:374 CMC 372:374 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 2 25 theme Self-crosslinking 330:346 arg1 chitosan 362:369 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan 330:369 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds 330:419 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 5 26 from solution 877:884 arg1 property 840:847 swelling property 831:847 swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution 831:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 6 27 theme antioxidant 963:973 arg1 activity 975:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 3 28 theme foil 583:586 arg1 surface 568:574 the surface 564:574 the surface of tin foil 564:586 The CMC microgels obtained were rapidly deposited on the surface of tin foil using an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films. 30590330 2 29 theme solvent 457:463 arg1 method 474:479 a simple solvent exchange method 448:479 a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol 448:492 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 2 30 theme exchange 465:472 arg1 method 474:479 a simple solvent exchange method 448:479 a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol 448:492 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 1 31 theme other 310:314 arg1 oils 324:327 other carrier oils 310:327 other carrier oils 310:327 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 7 32 theme @ 1277:1277 arg1 candidate 1313:1321 an excellent candidate 1300:1321 an excellent candidate for the active packaging 1300:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 7 32 theme @ 1277:1277 arg1 film 1292:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 2 33 theme simple 450:455 arg1 method 474:479 a simple solvent exchange method 448:479 a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol 448:492 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 7 34 theme present 1127:1133 arg1 strategies 1135:1144 the present strategies 1123:1144 the present strategies 1123:1144 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 1 35 theme carrier 316:322 arg1 oils 324:327 other carrier oils 310:327 other carrier oils 310:327 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 4 36 theme films 667:671 arg1 stability 650:658 The stability 646:658 The stability of the films in water 646:680 The stability of the films in water was further intensified by using Ca2+ as cross-linking agent. 30590330 7 37 theme active 1331:1336 arg1 packaging 1338:1346 the active packaging 1327:1346 the active packaging 1327:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 4 38 from stability 650:658 arg1 water 676:680 water 676:680 water 676:680 The stability of the films in water was further intensified by using Ca2+ as cross-linking agent. 30590330 1 39 theme innovative 210:219 arg1 method 248:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method 207:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself 207:275 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 7 40 theme composite 1282:1290 arg1 candidate 1313:1321 an excellent candidate 1300:1321 an excellent candidate for the active packaging 1300:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 7 40 theme composite 1282:1290 arg1 film 1292:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 2 41 with method 474:479 arg1 ethanol 486:492 ethanol 486:492 ethanol 486:492 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 1 42 theme spontaneous 221:231 arg1 method 248:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method 207:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself 207:275 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 2 43 theme poor 497:500 arg1 solvent 502:508 poor solvent 497:508 poor solvent 497:508 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 6 44 theme wheat 1094:1098 arg1 bread 1100:1104 wheat bread 1094:1104 wheat bread 1094:1104 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 4 45 theme cross-linking 723:735 arg1 agent 737:741 cross-linking agent 723:741 cross-linking agent 723:741 The stability of the films in water was further intensified by using Ca2+ as cross-linking agent. 30590330 0 46 theme carvacrol 47:55 arg1 nanoemulsions 57:69 carvacrol nanoemulsions 47:69 carvacrol nanoemulsions 47:69 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 6 47 theme composite 926:934 arg1 films 936:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 7 48 theme CMC 1278:1280 arg1 candidate 1313:1321 an excellent candidate 1300:1321 an excellent candidate for the active packaging 1300:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 7 48 theme CMC 1278:1280 arg1 film 1292:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 6 49 theme antibacterial 990:1002 arg1 activity 1004:1011 good antibacterial activity 985:1011 good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli 985:1041 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 7 50 theme polymers 1253:1260 arg1 types 1225:1229 other types 1219:1229 other types of essential oils and polymers 1219:1260 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 6 51 theme CMC 922:924 arg1 films 936:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 7 52 theme excellent 1303:1311 arg1 candidate 1313:1321 an excellent candidate 1300:1321 an excellent candidate for the active packaging 1300:1346 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 7 52 theme excellent 1303:1311 arg1 film 1292:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 the CA-NEs@CMC composite film 1267:1295 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 5 53 from property 840:847 arg1 solution 877:884 aqueous solution 869:884 aqueous solution 869:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 7 54 theme essential 1234:1242 arg1 oils 1244:1247 essential oils 1234:1247 essential oils 1234:1247 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 6 55 theme bread 1100:1104 arg1 life 1086:1089 the shelf life 1076:1089 the shelf life of wheat bread 1076:1104 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 1 56 theme emulsification 233:246 arg1 method 248:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method 207:253 an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself 207:275 Carvacrol (CA) was firstly made into physically stable nanoemulsions using an innovative spontaneous emulsification method with carvacrol itself as oil phase without introducing other carrier oils. 30590330 7 57 theme composite 1189:1197 arg1 films 1199:1203 their composite films 1183:1203 their composite films 1183:1203 We believe that the present strategies to prepare CA-NEs, CMC microgels and their composite films also apply to other types of essential oils and polymers, and the CA-NEs@CMC composite film is an excellent candidate for the active packaging. 30590330 0 58 dep fabrication 15:25 arg1 The 0:2 The 0:2 The 0:2 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 2 59 theme chitosan 362:369 arg1 microgels 377:385 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels 330:385 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds 330:419 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 0 60 theme carboxymethyl 72:84 arg1 microgels 95:103 carboxymethyl chitosan microgels 72:103 carboxymethyl chitosan microgels 72:103 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 5 61 theme CMC 852:854 arg1 microgels 856:864 CMC microgels 852:864 CMC microgels in aqueous solution 852:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 3 62 theme CMC 635:637 arg1 films 639:643 the CMC films 631:643 the CMC films 631:643 The CMC microgels obtained were rapidly deposited on the surface of tin foil using an electrospray technique to produce the CMC films. 30590330 5 63 theme swelling 831:838 arg1 property 840:847 swelling property 831:847 swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution 831:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 2 64 theme hydrogen 406:413 arg1 bonds 415:419 intermolecular hydrogen bonds 391:419 intermolecular hydrogen bonds 391:419 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 30590330 0 65 theme nanoemulsions 57:69 arg1 fabrication 15:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 innovative fabrication 4:25 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 0 65 theme nanoemulsions 57:69 arg1 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 applications 31:42 The innovative fabrication and applications of carvacrol nanoemulsions, carboxymethyl chitosan microgels and their composite films. 30590330 6 66 theme @ 921:921 arg1 films 936:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 6 67 contain possess 942:948 arg1 films 936:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 the CA-NEs@CMC composite films 911:940 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 6 67 contain possess 942:948 arg2 activity 975:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 satisfactory antioxidant activity 950:982 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 6 67 contain possess 942:948 arg2 ability 1058:1064 excellent ability 1048:1064 excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread 1048:1104 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 6 67 contain possess 942:948 arg2 activity 1004:1011 good antibacterial activity 985:1011 good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli 985:1041 The results showed that the CA-NEs@CMC composite films possess satisfactory antioxidant activity, good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and excellent ability to extend the shelf life of wheat bread. 30590330 5 68 from microgels 856:864 arg1 solution 877:884 aqueous solution 869:884 aqueous solution 869:884 Also, the carvacrol nanoemulsions (CA-NEs) were loaded into the CMC films by utilizing swelling property of CMC microgels in aqueous solution. 30590330 2 69 theme intermolecular 391:404 arg1 bonds 415:419 intermolecular hydrogen bonds 391:419 intermolecular hydrogen bonds 391:419 Self-crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) microgels via intermolecular hydrogen bonds were then fabricated using a simple solvent exchange method with ethanol as poor solvent. 31881549 0 0 theme different 71:79 arg1 composition 98:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 6 1 theme gel 1007:1009 arg1 process 1021:1027 the gel formation process 1003:1027 the gel formation process 1003:1027 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 5 2 theme smooth 730:735 arg1 gel 743:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel 699:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% 699:761 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% β-glucan at a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min. 31881549 6 3 theme optimal 826:832 arg1 parameters 834:843 this optimal parameters 821:843 this optimal parameters 821:843 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 2 4 theme different 347:355 arg1 ratios 357:362 the different ratios 343:362 the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 343:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 0 5 theme weight 91:96 arg1 composition 98:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 2 6 theme pressure 297:304 arg1 effects 255:261 The effects 251:261 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 251:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 0 7 theme molecular 81:89 arg1 composition 98:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 0 8 with gels 61:64 arg1 composition 98:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 different molecular weight composition 71:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 3 9 theme lowest 468:473 arg1 concentration 484:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration 464:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel 464:510 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 3 9 theme lowest 468:473 arg1 % 518:518 15% 516:518 15% 516:518 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 7 10 theme β-glucan 1092:1099 arg1 structure 1079:1087 the core molecular structure 1060:1087 the core molecular structure of β-glucan 1060:1099 In addition, the core molecular structure of β-glucan was maintained in the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters. 31881549 4 11 theme β-glucan 656:663 arg1 concentration 671:683 β-glucan total concentration 656:683 β-glucan total concentration 656:683 The gel intensity and textural properties increased with elevating β-glucan total concentration and pressure. 31881549 2 12 theme concentration 279:291 arg1 effects 255:261 The effects 251:261 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 251:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 5 13 theme MPa 799:801 arg1 ratio 777:781 a ratio 775:781 a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min 775:812 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% β-glucan at a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min. 31881549 1 14 theme emerging 165:172 arg1 technology 185:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 1 14 theme emerging 165:172 arg1 pressure 152:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 6 15 theme high 1032:1035 arg1 pressure 1037:1044 high pressure 1032:1044 high pressure 1032:1044 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 2 16 theme β-glucan 270:277 arg1 concentration 279:291 oat β-glucan concentration 266:291 oat β-glucan concentration 266:291 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 1 17 theme nonthermal 174:183 arg1 technology 185:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 1 17 theme nonthermal 174:183 arg1 pressure 152:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 7 18 theme mixed 1123:1127 arg1 gel 1129:1131 the mixed gel 1119:1131 the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters 1119:1167 In addition, the core molecular structure of β-glucan was maintained in the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters. 31881549 5 19 theme characteristic 703:716 arg1 gel 743:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel 699:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% 699:761 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% β-glucan at a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min. 31881549 2 20 theme weight 385:390 arg1 β-gulcan 397:404 varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan 367:404 varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 367:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 6 21 theme particle 891:898 arg1 size 900:903 a relatively lower particle size 872:903 a relatively lower particle size 872:903 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 4 22 theme total 665:669 arg1 concentration 671:683 β-glucan total concentration 656:683 β-glucan total concentration 656:683 The gel intensity and textural properties increased with elevating β-glucan total concentration and pressure. 31881549 3 23 theme 8 538:538 arg1 % 539:539 % 539:539 % 539:539 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 2 24 from effects 255:261 arg1 properties 313:322 the properties 309:322 the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 309:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 2 25 theme molecular 375:383 arg1 MW 393:394 MW 393:394 MW 393:394 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 2 25 theme molecular 375:383 arg1 weight 385:390 molecular weight 375:390 varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 367:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 0 26 theme formation 19:27 arg1 mechanism 29:37 formation mechanism 19:37 formation mechanism 19:37 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 6 27 theme lower 885:889 arg1 size 900:903 a relatively lower particle size 872:903 a relatively lower particle size 872:903 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 0 28 theme high-pressure 121:133 arg1 processing 135:144 high-pressure processing 121:144 high-pressure processing 121:144 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 7 29 theme optimal 1150:1156 arg1 parameters 1158:1167 the optimal parameters 1146:1167 the optimal parameters 1146:1167 In addition, the core molecular structure of β-glucan was maintained in the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters. 31881549 7 30 theme molecular 1069:1077 arg1 structure 1079:1087 the core molecular structure 1060:1087 the core molecular structure of β-glucan 1060:1099 In addition, the core molecular structure of β-glucan was maintained in the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters. 31881549 2 31 with gels 333:336 arg1 ratios 357:362 the different ratios 343:362 the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 343:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 2 32 theme varying 367:373 arg1 β-gulcan 397:404 varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan 367:404 varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 367:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 5 33 theme mixed 737:741 arg1 gel 743:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel 699:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% 699:761 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% β-glucan at a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min. 31881549 6 34 theme electrostatic 949:961 arg1 interaction 963:973 electrostatic interaction 949:973 electrostatic interaction 949:973 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 2 35 theme β-gulcan 397:404 arg1 ratios 357:362 the different ratios 343:362 the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 343:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 4 36 theme gel 593:595 arg1 intensity 597:605 The gel intensity 589:605 The gel intensity 589:605 The gel intensity and textural properties increased with elevating β-glucan total concentration and pressure. 31881549 6 37 dep showed 865:870 arg1 played 975:980 played 975:980 showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure 865:1044 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 7 38 theme core 1064:1067 arg1 structure 1079:1087 the core molecular structure 1060:1087 the core molecular structure of β-glucan 1060:1099 In addition, the core molecular structure of β-glucan was maintained in the mixed gel formed under the optimal parameters. 31881549 6 39 theme main 986:989 arg1 role 991:994 the main role 982:994 the main role 982:994 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 0 40 theme β-glucan 46:53 arg1 gels 61:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels 42:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition 42:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 5 41 theme compact 718:724 arg1 gel 743:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel 699:745 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% 699:761 The characteristic compact and smooth mixed gel formed with 12% β-glucan at a ratio of 50:50 at 400 MPa for 30 min. 31881549 3 42 theme % 539:539 arg1 β-glucan 541:548 8% β-glucan 538:548 8% β-glucan 538:548 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 3 43 theme β-glucan 475:482 arg1 concentration 484:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration 464:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel 464:510 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 3 43 theme β-glucan 475:482 arg1 % 518:518 15% 516:518 15% 516:518 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 0 44 theme oat 42:44 arg1 gels 61:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels 42:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition 42:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 6 45 theme mixed 850:854 arg1 solution 856:863 the mixed solution 846:863 the mixed solution 846:863 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 3 46 from MPa 527:529 arg1 concentration 484:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration 464:496 the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel 464:510 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 3 46 from MPa 527:529 arg1 % 518:518 15% 516:518 15% 516:518 The results showed that the lowest β-glucan concentration forming a gel was 15% at 200 MPa, while 8% β-glucan was required to form a gel at 500 MPa. 31881549 2 47 theme oat 266:268 arg1 concentration 279:291 oat β-glucan concentration 266:291 oat β-glucan concentration 266:291 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 6 48 theme hydrogen 928:935 arg1 bonding 937:943 the hydrogen bonding 924:943 the hydrogen bonding 924:943 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 2 49 theme gels 333:336 arg1 properties 313:322 the properties 309:322 the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 309:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 1 50 theme food 223:226 arg1 modifications 236:248 food product modifications 223:248 food product modifications 223:248 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 2 51 theme mixed 327:331 arg1 gels 333:336 mixed gels 327:336 mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP 327:419 The effects of oat β-glucan concentration and pressure on the properties of mixed gels with the different ratios of varying molecular weight (MW) β-gulcan induced by HPP were investigated. 31881549 1 52 theme product 228:234 arg1 modifications 236:248 food product modifications 223:248 food product modifications 223:248 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 0 53 theme gels 61:64 arg1 properties 4:13 properties 4:13 properties 4:13 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 0 53 theme gels 61:64 arg1 mechanism 29:37 formation mechanism 19:37 formation mechanism 19:37 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 6 54 theme formation 1011:1019 arg1 process 1021:1027 the gel formation process 1003:1027 the gel formation process 1003:1027 Under this optimal parameters, the mixed solution showed a relatively lower particle size and turbidity, and the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction played the main role during the gel formation process by high pressure. 31881549 0 55 dep properties 4:13 arg1 The 0:2 The 0:2 The 0:2 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 1 56 theme High 147:150 arg1 technology 185:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 an emerging nonthermal technology 162:194 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 1 56 theme High 147:150 arg1 pressure 152:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure 147:159 High pressure, an emerging nonthermal technology has been widely applied in food product modifications. 31881549 0 57 theme mixed 55:59 arg1 gels 61:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels 42:64 oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition 42:108 The properties and formation mechanism of oat β-glucan mixed gels with different molecular weight composition induced by high-pressure processing. 31881549 4 58 theme textural 611:618 arg1 properties 620:629 textural properties 611:629 textural properties 611:629 The gel intensity and textural properties increased with elevating β-glucan total concentration and pressure. 31417553 8 0 theme villus 1128:1133 arg1 heights 1135:1141 villus heights 1128:1141 villus heights 1128:1141 Moreover, at intestinal level, villus heights, and areas were increased on day 8. 31417553 4 1 theme oral 488:491 arg1 administration 493:506 daily oral administration 482:506 daily oral administration of 2'-FL 482:515 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 1 2 theme human 172:176 arg1 milk 178:181 human milk 172:181 human milk 172:181 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 6 3 theme urinary 938:944 arg1 profile 956:962 the urinary metabolic profile 934:962 the urinary metabolic profile 934:962 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 4 theme Cecal 1179:1183 arg1 samples 1185:1191 Cecal samples 1179:1191 Cecal samples 1179:1191 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 4 5 theme 2'-FL 511:515 arg1 administration 493:506 daily oral administration 482:506 daily oral administration of 2'-FL 482:515 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 6 6 theme architecture 746:757 arg1 composition 810:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 10 7 contain has 1403:1405 arg2 effect 1443:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 10 7 contain has 1403:1405 arg1 supplementation 1364:1378 supplementation 1364:1378 supplementation of 2'-FL in early life 1364:1401 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 10 8 theme trophic 1435:1441 arg1 effect 1443:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 6 9 theme immunoglobulin 830:843 arg1 concentrations 845:858 plasma immunoglobulin concentrations 823:858 plasma immunoglobulin concentrations 823:858 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 7 10 theme T 1041:1041 arg1 subsets 1048:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 3 11 theme human 394:398 arg1 milk 400:403 human milk 394:403 human milk 394:403 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 2 12 theme lower 306:310 arg1 part 312:315 the lower part 302:315 the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered 302:349 They are not primarily absorbed or metabolized by the infant and reach the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered. 31417553 9 13 theme higher 1308:1313 arg1 proportion 1315:1324 a higher proportion 1306:1324 a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16 1306:1346 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 3 14 theme main 363:366 arg1 oligosaccharides 368:383 the main oligosaccharides 359:383 the main oligosaccharides found in human milk 359:403 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 6 15 theme plasma 823:828 arg1 concentrations 845:858 plasma immunoglobulin concentrations 823:858 plasma immunoglobulin concentrations 823:858 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 7 16 theme cell 1043:1046 arg1 subsets 1048:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 1 17 from concentration 155:167 arg1 present 139:145 present 139:145 present 139:145 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 17 from concentration 155:167 arg1 milk 178:181 human milk 172:181 human milk 172:181 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 5 18 dep days 548:551 arg1 to 555:556 to 555:556 to 555:556 From days 2 to 16 of life, rats were daily given the oligosaccharide (2'-FL) or vehicle (REF), weighed and their stool characteristics were assessed. 31417553 2 19 theme intestinal 324:333 arg1 tract 335:339 the intestinal tract unaltered 320:349 the intestinal tract unaltered 320:349 They are not primarily absorbed or metabolized by the infant and reach the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered. 31417553 7 20 from nodes 1080:1084 arg1 day 1089:1091 day 16 1089:1094 day 16 1089:1094 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 4 21 theme administration 493:506 arg1 effects 471:477 the effects 467:477 the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats 467:540 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 6 22 theme morphometry 722:732 arg1 composition 810:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 1 23 theme Human 78:82 arg1 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 23 theme Human 78:82 arg1 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 7 24 theme mesenteric 1063:1072 arg1 nodes 1080:1084 the mesenteric lymph nodes 1059:1084 the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16 1059:1094 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 4 25 theme daily 482:486 arg1 administration 493:506 daily oral administration 482:506 daily oral administration of 2'-FL 482:515 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 7 26 theme lymph 1074:1078 arg1 nodes 1080:1084 the mesenteric lymph nodes 1059:1084 the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16 1059:1094 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 1 27 theme milk 84:87 arg1 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 27 theme milk 84:87 arg1 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 10 28 theme intestinal 1424:1433 arg1 effect 1443:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 5 29 theme life 564:567 arg1 days 548:551 days 2 to 16 548:559 days 2 to 16 of life 548:567 From days 2 to 16 of life, rats were daily given the oligosaccharide (2'-FL) or vehicle (REF), weighed and their stool characteristics were assessed. 31417553 10 30 theme immune 1481:1486 arg1 system 1488:1493 the immune system 1477:1493 the immune system 1477:1493 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 6 31 theme cell 805:808 arg1 composition 810:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 4 32 from effects 471:477 arg1 rats 537:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 6 33 theme life 713:716 arg1 days 696:699 days 8 and 16 696:708 days 696:699 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 34 theme higher 1205:1210 arg1 proportion 1226:1235 a higher Lactobacillus proportion 1203:1235 a higher Lactobacillus proportion 1203:1235 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 0 35 theme Immunomodulatory 0:15 arg1 Effects 31:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects 0:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats 0:75 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats. 31417553 10 36 theme system 1488:1493 arg1 maturation 1463:1472 maturation 1463:1472 maturation of the immune system 1463:1493 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 10 37 theme pre-biotic 1409:1418 arg1 effect 1443:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect 1407:1448 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 3 38 theme oligosaccharides 368:383 arg1 oligosaccharides 368:383 the main oligosaccharides 359:383 the main oligosaccharides found in human milk 359:403 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 3 38 theme oligosaccharides 368:383 arg1 One 352:354 One 352:354 One 352:354 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 6 39 theme acids 915:919 arg1 content 921:927 cecal short-chain fatty acids content 891:927 cecal short-chain fatty acids content 891:927 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 7 40 theme plasma 1013:1018 arg1 IgG 1020:1022 higher plasma IgG 1006:1022 higher plasma IgG 1006:1022 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 1 41 from present 139:145 arg1 concentration 155:167 high concentration 150:167 high concentration in human milk 150:181 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 42 theme unconjugated 110:121 arg1 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 42 theme unconjugated 110:121 arg1 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 42 theme unconjugated 110:121 arg1 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 42 theme unconjugated 110:121 arg1 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 0 43 theme Prebiotic 21:29 arg1 Effects 31:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects 0:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats 0:75 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats. 31417553 6 44 theme fatty 909:913 arg1 acids 915:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids 891:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids content 891:927 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 45 from proportion 1315:1324 arg1 day 1341:1343 day 16 1341:1346 day 16 1341:1346 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 6 46 theme nodes 799:803 arg1 composition 810:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 1 47 theme complex 123:129 arg1 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 47 theme complex 123:129 arg1 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 47 theme complex 123:129 arg1 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 47 theme complex 123:129 arg1 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 0 48 theme 2'-Fucosyllactose 42:58 arg1 Effects 31:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects 0:37 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats 0:75 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats. 31417553 2 49 theme unaltered 341:349 arg1 tract 335:339 the intestinal tract unaltered 320:349 the intestinal tract unaltered 320:349 They are not primarily absorbed or metabolized by the infant and reach the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered. 31417553 6 50 theme lymph 793:797 arg1 nodes 799:803 mesenteric lymph nodes 782:803 mesenteric lymph nodes 782:803 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 6 51 theme short-chain 897:907 arg1 acids 915:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids 891:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids content 891:927 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 52 theme different 1243:1251 arg1 profile 1271:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 4 53 theme healthy 520:526 arg1 rats 537:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 5 54 theme stool 656:660 arg1 characteristics 662:676 their stool characteristics 650:676 their stool characteristics 650:676 From days 2 to 16 of life, rats were daily given the oligosaccharide (2'-FL) or vehicle (REF), weighed and their stool characteristics were assessed. 31417553 6 55 theme mesenteric 782:791 arg1 nodes 799:803 mesenteric lymph nodes 782:803 mesenteric lymph nodes 782:803 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 8 56 theme intestinal 1110:1119 arg1 level 1121:1125 intestinal level 1110:1125 intestinal level 1110:1125 Moreover, at intestinal level, villus heights, and areas were increased on day 8. 31417553 6 57 theme microbiota 867:876 arg1 composition 878:888 fecal microbiota composition 861:888 fecal microbiota composition 861:888 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 0 58 theme Suckling 63:70 arg1 Rats 72:75 Suckling Rats 63:75 Suckling Rats 63:75 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats. 31417553 6 59 theme cecal 891:895 arg1 acids 915:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids 891:919 cecal short-chain fatty acids content 891:927 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 10 60 theme 2'-FL 1383:1387 arg1 supplementation 1364:1378 supplementation 1364:1378 supplementation of 2'-FL in early life 1364:1401 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 9 61 theme Lactobacillus 1212:1224 arg1 proportion 1226:1235 a higher Lactobacillus proportion 1203:1235 a higher Lactobacillus proportion 1203:1235 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 7 62 theme higher 1006:1011 arg1 IgG 1020:1022 higher plasma IgG 1006:1022 higher plasma IgG 1006:1022 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 1 63 attach present 139:145 arg2 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 63 attach present 139:145 arg2 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 63 attach present 139:145 arg2 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 63 attach present 139:145 arg2 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 63 attach present 139:145 arg1 concentration 155:167 high concentration 150:167 high concentration in human milk 150:181 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 6 64 theme release 773:779 arg1 composition 810:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition 718:820 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 7 65 theme more 1036:1039 arg1 subsets 1048:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 more T cell subsets 1036:1054 Animals given 2'-FL showed higher plasma IgG and IgA and more T cell subsets in the mesenteric lymph nodes on day 16. 31417553 1 66 theme present 139:145 arg1 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 immunomodulators 213:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 66 theme present 139:145 arg1 glycans 131:137 unconjugated complex glycans 110:137 unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators 110:228 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 66 theme present 139:145 arg1 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 pre-biotics 197:207 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 1 66 theme present 139:145 arg1 oligosaccharides 89:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides 78:104 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 4 67 theme suckling 528:535 arg1 rats 537:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 healthy suckling rats 520:540 This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of 2'-FL in healthy suckling rats. 31417553 10 68 theme early 1392:1396 arg1 life 1398:1401 early life 1392:1401 early life 1392:1401 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 6 69 theme cytokine 764:771 arg1 release 773:779 cytokine release 764:779 cytokine release 764:779 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 70 theme urinary 1253:1259 arg1 profile 1271:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 6 71 theme intestinal 735:744 arg1 architecture 746:757 intestinal architecture 735:757 intestinal architecture 735:757 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 2 72 theme tract 335:339 arg1 part 312:315 the lower part 302:315 the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered 302:349 They are not primarily absorbed or metabolized by the infant and reach the lower part of the intestinal tract unaltered. 31417553 10 73 from supplementation 1364:1378 arg1 life 1398:1401 early life 1392:1401 early life 1392:1401 In conclusion, supplementation of 2'-FL in early life has a pre-biotic and intestinal trophic effect and promotes maturation of the immune system. 31417553 9 74 from day 1295:1297 arg1 day 1341:1343 day 16 1341:1346 day 16 1341:1346 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 3 75 located found 385:389 arg2 oligosaccharides 368:383 the main oligosaccharides 359:383 the main oligosaccharides found in human milk 359:403 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 3 75 located found 385:389 arg1 milk 400:403 human milk 394:403 human milk 394:403 One of the main oligosaccharides found in human milk is 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). 31417553 1 76 theme high 150:153 arg1 concentration 155:167 high concentration 150:167 high concentration in human milk 150:181 Human milk oligosaccharides are unconjugated complex glycans present in high concentration in human milk that serve as pre-biotics and immunomodulators. 31417553 9 77 theme metabolic 1261:1269 arg1 profile 1271:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 6 78 theme fecal 861:865 arg1 composition 878:888 fecal microbiota composition 861:888 fecal microbiota composition 861:888 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31417553 9 79 theme butyrate 1329:1336 arg1 day 1295:1297 day 8 1295:1299 day 8 1295:1299 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 9 79 theme butyrate 1329:1336 arg1 proportion 1315:1324 a higher proportion 1306:1324 a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16 1306:1346 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 5 80 dep given 586:590 arg1 weighed 638:644 weighed 638:644 weighed 638:644 From days 2 to 16 of life, rats were daily given the oligosaccharide (2'-FL) or vehicle (REF), weighed and their stool characteristics were assessed. 31417553 0 81 from Effects 31:37 arg1 Rats 72:75 Suckling Rats 63:75 Suckling Rats 63:75 Immunomodulatory and Prebiotic Effects of 2'-Fucosyllactose in Suckling Rats. 31417553 9 82 located observed 1283:1290 arg2 profile 1271:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 a different urinary metabolic profile 1241:1277 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 9 82 located observed 1283:1290 arg1 day 1295:1297 day 8 1295:1299 day 8 1295:1299 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 9 82 located observed 1283:1290 arg1 proportion 1315:1324 a higher proportion 1306:1324 a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16 1306:1346 Cecal samples displayed a higher Lactobacillus proportion and a different urinary metabolic profile was observed on day 8, and a higher proportion of butyrate on day 16. 31417553 6 83 theme metabolic 946:954 arg1 profile 956:962 the urinary metabolic profile 934:962 the urinary metabolic profile 934:962 On days 8 and 16 of life the morphometry, intestinal architecture, and cytokine release, mesenteric lymph nodes cell composition, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations, fecal microbiota composition, cecal short-chain fatty acids content, and the urinary metabolic profile were assessed. 31250441 8 0 theme structural 1372:1381 arg1 properties 1383:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 6 1 theme pseudoplastic 1113:1125 arg1 behavior 1127:1134 pseudoplastic behavior 1113:1134 pseudoplastic behavior 1113:1134 Solutions of the isolated lemon pectins exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. 31250441 8 2 used used 1452:1455 arg2 pectins 1350:1356 pectins 1350:1356 pectins with distinct structural properties 1350:1392 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 8 3 dep CONCLUSION 1312:1321 arg1 demonstrates 1332:1343 demonstrates 1332:1343 demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes 1332:1492 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 4 4 theme methylation 712:722 arg1 degree 702:707 the degree 698:707 the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content 698:749 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 4 5 theme isolation 588:596 arg1 protocol 598:605 The isolation protocol 584:605 The isolation protocol 584:605 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 7 6 theme hydrodynamic 1243:1254 arg1 volume 1256:1261 hydrodynamic volume 1243:1261 hydrodynamic volume 1243:1261 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 8 7 theme different 1461:1469 arg1 purposes 1485:1492 different technological purposes 1461:1492 different technological purposes 1461:1492 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 7 8 theme Macromolecular 1137:1150 arg1 characterization 1152:1167 Macromolecular characterization 1137:1167 Macromolecular characterization 1137:1167 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 8 9 theme technological 1471:1483 arg1 purposes 1485:1492 different technological purposes 1461:1492 different technological purposes 1461:1492 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 3 10 theme potential 541:549 arg1 applications 562:573 potential industrial applications 541:573 potential industrial applications 541:573 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 4 11 theme low 761:763 arg1 content 773:779 low protein content 761:779 low protein content 761:779 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 0 12 from waste 54:58 arg1 characterization 20:35 characterization 20:35 characterization 20:35 Pectin recovery and characterization from lemon juice waste streams. 31250441 0 12 from waste 54:58 arg1 recovery 7:14 Pectin recovery 0:14 Pectin recovery 0:14 Pectin recovery and characterization from lemon juice waste streams. 31250441 4 13 dep methylation 712:722 arg1 content 743:749 content 743:749 content 743:749 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 7 14 theme extract 1191:1197 arg1 pectin 1199:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 3 15 theme industrial 551:560 arg1 applications 562:573 potential industrial applications 541:573 potential industrial applications 541:573 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 5 16 from differences 1008:1018 arg1 composition 1029:1039 sugar composition 1023:1039 sugar composition 1023:1039 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 5 16 from differences 1008:1018 arg1 weight 1055:1060 molecular weight 1045:1060 molecular weight 1045:1060 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 3 17 theme complementary 462:474 arg1 methods 487:493 complementary analytical methods 462:493 complementary analytical methods 462:493 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 3 18 theme analytical 476:485 arg1 methods 487:493 complementary analytical methods 462:493 complementary analytical methods 462:493 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 3 19 dep composition 374:384 arg1 The 370:372 The 370:372 The 370:372 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 1 20 theme BACKGROUND 69:78 arg1 basis 175:179 a basis 173:179 a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications 173:239 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 20 theme BACKGROUND 69:78 arg1 characteristics 87:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics 69:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 69:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 3 21 theme isolated 419:426 arg1 pectins 428:434 the isolated pectins 415:434 the isolated pectins 415:434 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 5 22 theme same 820:823 arg1 protocol 836:843 The same extraction protocol 816:843 The same extraction protocol 816:843 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 5 23 theme lemon 926:930 arg1 fruit 932:936 lemon fruit 926:936 lemon fruit 926:936 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 3 24 theme structural 390:399 arg1 properties 401:410 structural properties 390:410 structural properties 390:410 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 1 25 theme Pectin 80:85 arg1 basis 175:179 a basis 173:179 a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications 173:239 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 25 theme Pectin 80:85 arg1 characteristics 87:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics 69:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 69:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 4 26 from differences 683:693 arg1 degree 702:707 the degree 698:707 the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content 698:749 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 3 27 theme pectins 428:434 arg1 composition 374:384 composition 374:384 composition 374:384 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 3 27 theme pectins 428:434 arg1 properties 401:410 structural properties 390:410 structural properties 390:410 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 5 28 theme extraction 825:834 arg1 protocol 836:843 The same extraction protocol 816:843 The same extraction protocol 816:843 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 7 29 contain had 1206:1208 arg2 weight 1232:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 7 29 contain had 1206:1208 arg1 pectin 1199:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 7 29 contain had 1206:1208 arg2 volume 1256:1261 hydrodynamic volume 1243:1261 hydrodynamic volume 1243:1261 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 5 30 theme structural 946:955 arg1 variations 957:966 structural variations 946:966 structural variations in the pectin backbone 946:989 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 4 31 dep RESULTS 576:582 arg1 yielded 607:613 yielded 607:613 yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials 607:813 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 6 32 theme isolated 1080:1087 arg1 pectins 1095:1101 the isolated lemon pectins 1076:1101 the isolated lemon pectins 1076:1101 Solutions of the isolated lemon pectins exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. 31250441 0 33 theme Pectin 0:5 arg1 recovery 7:14 Pectin recovery 0:14 Pectin recovery 0:14 Pectin recovery and characterization from lemon juice waste streams. 31250441 8 34 theme distinct 1363:1370 arg1 properties 1383:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 8 35 theme different 1416:1424 arg1 parts 1426:1430 different parts 1416:1430 different parts of lemon wastes 1416:1446 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 2 36 theme extraction 349:358 arg1 protocol 360:367 an aqueous extraction protocol 338:367 an aqueous extraction protocol 338:367 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 6 37 theme lemon 1089:1093 arg1 pectins 1095:1101 the isolated lemon pectins 1076:1101 the isolated lemon pectins 1076:1101 Solutions of the isolated lemon pectins exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. 31250441 2 38 theme core 288:291 arg1 parts 293:297 lemon core parts 282:297 lemon core parts 282:297 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 4 39 theme galacturonic 659:670 arg1 acid 672:675 galacturonic acid 659:675 galacturonic acid 659:675 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 2 40 theme lemon 268:272 arg1 albedo 274:279 lemon albedo 268:279 lemon albedo 268:279 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 8 41 with pectins 1350:1356 arg1 properties 1383:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 distinct structural properties 1363:1392 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 2 42 theme lemon 282:286 arg1 parts 293:297 lemon core parts 282:297 lemon core parts 282:297 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 2 43 theme aqueous 341:347 arg1 protocol 360:367 an aqueous extraction protocol 338:367 an aqueous extraction protocol 338:367 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 0 44 theme lemon 42:46 arg1 waste 54:58 lemon juice waste 42:58 lemon juice waste 42:58 Pectin recovery and characterization from lemon juice waste streams. 31250441 4 45 theme neutral 728:734 arg1 sugars 736:741 neutral sugars 728:741 neutral sugars 728:741 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 7 46 theme lemon 1291:1295 arg1 pectin 1304:1309 lemon core and lemon albedo pectin 1276:1309 pectin 1304:1309 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 5 47 theme sugar 1023:1027 arg1 composition 1029:1039 sugar composition 1023:1039 sugar composition 1023:1039 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 1 48 theme different 108:116 arg1 parts 118:122 different parts 108:122 different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 108:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 6 49 theme pectins 1095:1101 arg1 Solutions 1063:1071 Solutions 1063:1071 Solutions of the isolated lemon pectins 1063:1101 Solutions of the isolated lemon pectins exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. 31250441 8 50 theme wastes 1441:1446 arg1 parts 1426:1430 different parts 1416:1430 different parts of lemon wastes 1416:1446 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 5 51 from yield 872:876 arg1 variations 957:966 structural variations 946:966 structural variations in the pectin backbone 946:989 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 4 52 theme protein 765:771 arg1 content 773:779 low protein content 761:779 low protein content 761:779 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 5 53 theme different 907:915 arg1 parts 917:921 the three different parts 897:921 the three different parts of lemon fruit 897:936 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 2 54 theme lemon 318:322 arg1 extract 324:330 lemon extract 318:330 lemon extract 318:330 Pectin was extracted from lemon albedo, lemon core parts and membranes, and lemon extract using an aqueous extraction protocol. 31250441 0 55 theme juice 48:52 arg1 waste 54:58 lemon juice waste 42:58 lemon juice waste 42:58 Pectin recovery and characterization from lemon juice waste streams. 31250441 5 56 theme molecular 1045:1053 arg1 weight 1055:1060 molecular weight 1045:1060 molecular weight 1045:1060 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 5 57 from differences 857:867 arg1 yield 872:876 yield 872:876 yield 872:876 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 5 57 from differences 857:867 arg1 purity 882:887 purity 882:887 purity 882:887 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 1 58 theme lemon 127:131 arg1 fruit 133:137 lemon fruit 127:137 lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 127:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 58 theme lemon 127:131 arg1 L. 153:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 7 59 theme albedo 1297:1302 arg1 pectin 1304:1309 lemon core and lemon albedo pectin 1276:1309 pectin 1304:1309 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 4 60 theme sugars 736:741 arg1 degree 702:707 the degree 698:707 the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content 698:749 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 7 61 theme highest 1214:1220 arg1 weight 1232:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 7 62 theme lemon 1185:1189 arg1 pectin 1199:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 the lemon extract pectin 1181:1204 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 1 63 theme fruit 133:137 arg1 parts 118:122 different parts 108:122 different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 108:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 64 from parts 118:122 arg1 basis 175:179 a basis 173:179 a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications 173:239 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 64 from parts 118:122 arg1 characteristics 87:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics 69:101 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 69:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 4 65 theme high-purity 793:803 arg1 materials 805:813 high-purity materials 793:813 high-purity materials 793:813 RESULTS The isolation protocol yielded pectins that were predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, with differences in the degree of methylation and neutral sugars content, and with low protein content, indicating high-purity materials. 31250441 5 66 theme fruit 932:936 arg1 parts 917:921 the three different parts 897:921 the three different parts of lemon fruit 897:936 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 5 67 theme pectin 975:980 arg1 backbone 982:989 the pectin backbone 971:989 the pectin backbone 971:989 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 1 68 theme limon 147:151 arg1 fruit 133:137 lemon fruit 127:137 lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 127:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 68 theme limon 147:151 arg1 L. 153:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 8 69 theme lemon 1435:1439 arg1 wastes 1441:1446 lemon wastes 1435:1446 lemon wastes 1435:1446 CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that pectins with distinct structural properties may be extracted from different parts of lemon wastes and used for different technological purposes. 31250441 9 70 theme Chemical 1513:1520 arg1 Industry 1522:1529 Chemical Industry 1513:1529 Chemical Industry 1513:1529 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 31250441 1 71 theme Citrus 140:145 arg1 fruit 133:137 lemon fruit 127:137 lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) 127:155 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 1 71 theme Citrus 140:145 arg1 L. 153:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 Citrus limon L. 140:154 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 5 72 from variations 957:966 arg1 backbone 982:989 the pectin backbone 971:989 the pectin backbone 971:989 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 1 73 theme functional 217:226 arg1 applications 228:239 functional applications 217:239 functional applications 217:239 BACKGROUND Pectin characteristics from different parts of lemon fruit (Citrus limon L.) were studied as a basis for assessing their suitability for functional applications. 31250441 7 74 theme lemon 1276:1280 arg1 core 1282:1285 lemon core and lemon albedo pectin 1276:1309 core 1282:1285 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 31250441 5 75 from purity 882:887 arg1 variations 957:966 structural variations 946:966 structural variations in the pectin backbone 946:989 The same extraction protocol resulted in differences in yield and purity between the three different parts of lemon fruit, and in structural variations in the pectin backbone, as evidenced by differences in sugar composition and molecular weight. 31250441 3 76 theme molecular 511:519 arg1 characteristics 521:535 their molecular characteristics 505:535 their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications 505:573 The composition and structural properties of the isolated pectins were examined by means of complementary analytical methods to assess their molecular characteristics for potential industrial applications. 31250441 7 77 theme molecular 1222:1230 arg1 weight 1232:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 molecular weight 1222:1237 Macromolecular characterization showed that the lemon extract pectin had the highest molecular weight and hydrodynamic volume, followed by lemon core and lemon albedo pectin. 29372901 7 0 theme ammonium 1052:1059 arg1 sulfate 1061:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 0 theme ammonium 1052:1059 arg1 glycol 1085:1090 polyethylene glycol 1072:1090 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1072:1096 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 0 theme ammonium 1052:1059 arg1 agent 1115:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 8 1 theme 1.5 Å 1292:1296 arg1 resolution 1298:1307 1.5 Å resolution 1292:1307 1.5 Å resolution 1292:1307 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 2 dep parameters 1407:1416 arg1 49.3 1422:1425 49.3 1422:1425 49.3 1422:1425 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 3 with P212121 1383:1389 arg1 b 1428:1428 b 1428:1428 b = 67.9 1428:1435 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 3 with P212121 1383:1389 arg1 parameters 1407:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 3 with P212121 1383:1389 arg1 103.7 Å 1442:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 4 theme group 1198:1202 arg1 P32 1204:1206 space group P32 1192:1206 space group P32 1192:1206 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 5 theme 1.6 Å 1469:1473 arg1 resolution 1475:1484 1.6 Å resolution 1469:1484 1.6 Å resolution 1469:1484 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 6 theme 73.1 1249:1252 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 2 7 theme biomass 390:396 arg1 pre-treatment 373:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment 357:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass 357:396 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 2 7 theme biomass 390:396 arg1 step 411:414 a crucial step 401:414 a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation 401:482 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 8 8 theme group 1377:1381 arg1 P212121 1383:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 10 9 theme enzymes 1697:1703 arg1 design 1670:1675 the design 1666:1675 the design of high-performance enzymes 1666:1703 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies of DtCel5H will provide insights for the design of high-performance enzymes. 29372901 0 10 theme crystallographic 116:131 arg1 analysis 133:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 3 11 theme glycosyl 614:621 arg1 family 633:638 glycosyl hydrolase family 5 614:640 glycosyl hydrolase family 5 614:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 12 theme new 600:602 arg1 -glucanase 528:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase 516:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) 516:578 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 12 theme new 600:602 arg1 member 604:609 a new member 598:609 a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 598:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 0 13 theme X-ray 110:114 arg1 analysis 133:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 6 14 theme crystallization 954:968 arg1 conditions 970:979 different crystallization conditions 944:979 different crystallization conditions 944:979 Crystals suitable for crystallographic investigations were also obtained in different crystallization conditions. 29372901 7 15 theme DtCel5H 1017:1023 arg1 crystals 1005:1012 ordered crystals 997:1012 ordered crystals of DtCel5H 997:1023 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 8 16 theme crystal 1329:1335 arg1 form 1337:1340 the second crystal form 1318:1340 the second crystal form 1318:1340 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 10 17 theme Structure-activity 1578:1595 arg1 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies 1578:1627 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies of DtCel5H will provide insights for the design of high-performance enzymes. 29372901 6 18 theme different 944:952 arg1 conditions 970:979 different crystallization conditions 944:979 different crystallization conditions 944:979 Crystals suitable for crystallographic investigations were also obtained in different crystallization conditions. 29372901 1 19 from technology 310:319 arg1 biorefineries 331:343 future biorefineries 324:343 future biorefineries 324:343 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 8 20 theme 73.1 1239:1242 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 1 21 theme waste 211:215 arg1 majority 189:196 the great majority 179:196 the great majority of municipal waste 179:215 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 3 22 theme endo-β- 516:522 arg1 -glucanase 528:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase 516:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) 516:578 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 22 theme endo-β- 516:522 arg1 member 604:609 a new member 598:609 a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 598:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 9 23 theme molecular-replacement 1547:1567 arg1 methods 1569:1575 molecular-replacement methods 1547:1575 molecular-replacement methods 1547:1575 The crystal structure was solved in both space groups using molecular-replacement methods. 29372901 6 24 theme crystallographic 890:905 arg1 investigations 907:920 crystallographic investigations 890:920 crystallographic investigations 890:920 Crystals suitable for crystallographic investigations were also obtained in different crystallization conditions. 29372901 8 25 dep 127.8 Å 1265:1271 arg1 73.1 1255:1258 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 73.1 1255:1258 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 3 26 theme bioinformatics 491:504 arg1 analysis 506:513 bioinformatics analysis 491:513 bioinformatics analysis 491:513 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 0 27 theme novel 4:8 arg1 DtCel5H 50:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H 0:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 0:141 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 8 28 dep P32 1204:1206 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 29 theme space 1371:1375 arg1 P212121 1383:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 30 theme = 1263:1263 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 4 31 theme recombinant 688:698 arg1 protein 700:706 the recombinant protein 684:706 the recombinant protein 684:706 The gene encoding DtCel5H was cloned and the recombinant protein was overexpressed for crystallization and biophysical studies. 29372901 8 32 theme orthorhombic 1358:1369 arg1 P212121 1383:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 the orthorhombic space group P212121 1354:1389 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 33 theme c 1261:1261 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 0 34 theme cellulose-degrading 23:41 arg1 DtCel5H 50:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H 0:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 0:141 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 1 35 theme key 306:308 arg1 technology 310:319 a key technology 304:319 a key technology 304:319 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 1 35 theme key 306:308 arg1 applications 222:233 applications 222:233 applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels 222:294 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 7 36 theme ordered 997:1003 arg1 crystals 1005:1012 ordered crystals 997:1012 ordered crystals of DtCel5H 997:1023 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 8 37 theme second 1322:1327 arg1 form 1337:1340 the second crystal form 1318:1340 the second crystal form 1318:1340 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 38 with P32 1204:1206 arg1 parameters 1224:1233 unit-cell parameters 1214:1233 unit-cell parameters 1214:1233 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 2 39 theme subsequent 460:469 arg1 fermentation 471:482 subsequent fermentation 460:482 subsequent fermentation 460:482 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 0 40 theme thermostable 10:21 arg1 DtCel5H 50:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H 0:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 0:141 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 1 41 theme municipal 201:209 arg1 waste 211:215 municipal waste 201:215 municipal waste 201:215 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 9 42 theme crystal 1491:1497 arg1 structure 1499:1507 The crystal structure 1487:1507 The crystal structure 1487:1507 The crystal structure was solved in both space groups using molecular-replacement methods. 29372901 1 43 theme cellulases 238:247 arg1 technology 310:319 a key technology 304:319 a key technology 304:319 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 1 43 theme cellulases 238:247 arg1 applications 222:233 applications 222:233 applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels 222:294 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 8 44 theme = 1247:1247 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 3 45 theme family 633:638 arg1 -glucanase 528:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase 516:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) 516:578 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 45 theme family 633:638 arg1 member 604:609 a new member 598:609 a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 598:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 10 46 theme DtCel5H 1632:1638 arg1 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies 1578:1627 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies of DtCel5H will provide insights for the design of high-performance enzymes. 29372901 2 47 theme accessible 445:454 arg1 carbohydrates 426:438 carbohydrates 426:438 carbohydrates more accessible 426:454 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 0 48 theme enzyme 43:48 arg1 DtCel5H 50:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H 0:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 0:141 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 1 49 theme future 324:329 arg1 biorefineries 331:343 future biorefineries 324:343 future biorefineries 324:343 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 8 50 theme b 1245:1245 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 4 51 theme encoding 652:659 arg1 DtCel5H 661:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H 643:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H 643:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H was cloned and the recombinant protein was overexpressed for crystallization and biophysical studies. 29372901 8 52 theme unit-cell 1214:1222 arg1 parameters 1224:1233 unit-cell parameters 1214:1233 unit-cell parameters 1214:1233 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 5 53 theme cellulose 819:827 arg1 substrates 829:838 cellulose substrates 819:838 cellulose substrates 819:838 Here, it is shown that this enzyme is active on cellulose substrates and is highly thermostable. 29372901 8 54 theme ammonium 1163:1170 arg1 sulfate 1172:1178 ammonium sulfate 1163:1178 ammonium sulfate 1163:1178 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 0 55 from thermophilum 76:87 arg1 DtCel5H 50:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H 0:56 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 0:141 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 0 56 dep DtCel5H 50:56 arg1 crystallization 90:104 crystallization 90:104 crystallization 90:104 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 0 56 dep DtCel5H 50:56 arg1 analysis 133:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 X-ray crystallographic analysis 110:140 The novel thermostable cellulose-degrading enzyme DtCel5H from Dictyoglomus thermophilum: crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis. 29372901 1 57 theme Cellulose-based 143:157 arg1 products 159:166 Cellulose-based products 143:166 Cellulose-based products 143:166 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 6 58 theme suitable 877:884 arg1 Crystals 868:875 Crystals 868:875 Crystals suitable for crystallographic investigations 868:920 Crystals suitable for crystallographic investigations were also obtained in different crystallization conditions. 29372901 7 59 theme precipitant 1103:1113 arg1 sulfate 1061:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 59 theme precipitant 1103:1113 arg1 glycol 1085:1090 polyethylene glycol 1072:1090 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1072:1096 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 59 theme precipitant 1103:1113 arg1 agent 1115:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 8 60 theme = 1440:1440 arg1 parameters 1407:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 60 theme = 1440:1440 arg1 103.7 Å 1442:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 3 61 theme hydrolase 623:631 arg1 family 633:638 glycosyl hydrolase family 5 614:640 glycosyl hydrolase family 5 614:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 7 62 theme polyethylene 1072:1083 arg1 sulfate 1061:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 ammonium sulfate 1052:1067 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 62 theme polyethylene 1072:1083 arg1 glycol 1085:1090 polyethylene glycol 1072:1090 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1072:1096 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 62 theme polyethylene 1072:1083 arg1 agent 1115:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 a precipitant agent 1101:1119 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 7 62 theme polyethylene 1072:1083 arg1 PEG 1093:1095 PEG 1093:1095 PEG 1093:1095 In particular, ordered crystals of DtCel5H were obtained using either ammonium sulfate or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a precipitant agent. 29372901 4 63 theme biophysical 750:760 arg1 studies 762:768 biophysical studies 750:768 biophysical studies 750:768 The gene encoding DtCel5H was cloned and the recombinant protein was overexpressed for crystallization and biophysical studies. 29372901 1 64 theme great 183:187 arg1 majority 189:196 the great majority 179:196 the great majority of municipal waste 179:215 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 3 65 from thermophilum 557:568 arg1 -glucanase 528:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase 516:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) 516:578 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 65 from thermophilum 557:568 arg1 member 604:609 a new member 598:609 a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 598:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 2 66 theme multi-enzymatic 357:371 arg1 pre-treatment 373:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment 357:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass 357:396 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 2 66 theme multi-enzymatic 357:371 arg1 step 411:414 a crucial step 401:414 a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation 401:482 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 8 67 theme sulfate 1172:1178 arg1 presence 1151:1158 the presence 1147:1158 the presence of ammonium sulfate 1147:1178 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 10 68 theme high-performance 1680:1695 arg1 enzymes 1697:1703 high-performance enzymes 1680:1703 high-performance enzymes 1680:1703 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies of DtCel5H will provide insights for the design of high-performance enzymes. 29372901 3 69 theme 1,4 524:526 arg1 -glucanase 528:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase 516:537 endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) 516:578 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 3 69 theme 1,4 524:526 arg1 member 604:609 a new member 598:609 a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5 598:640 Using bioinformatics analysis, endo-β-(1,4)-glucanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum (DtCel5H) was identified as a new member of glycosyl hydrolase family 5. 29372901 8 70 theme space 1192:1196 arg1 P32 1204:1206 space group P32 1192:1206 space group P32 1192:1206 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 1 71 from applications 222:233 arg1 conversion 256:265 the conversion 252:265 the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels 252:294 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 2 72 theme crucial 403:409 arg1 pre-treatment 373:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment 357:385 multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass 357:396 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 2 72 theme crucial 403:409 arg1 step 411:414 a crucial step 401:414 a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation 401:482 Currently, multi-enzymatic pre-treatment of biomass is a crucial step in making carbohydrates more accessible for subsequent fermentation. 29372901 9 73 theme space 1528:1532 arg1 groups 1534:1539 both space groups 1523:1539 both space groups 1523:1539 The crystal structure was solved in both space groups using molecular-replacement methods. 29372901 1 74 theme waste 270:274 arg1 biomass 276:282 waste biomass 270:282 waste biomass 270:282 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 29372901 10 75 theme structure-stability 1601:1619 arg1 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies 1578:1627 studies 1621:1627 Structure-activity and structure-stability studies of DtCel5H will provide insights for the design of high-performance enzymes. 29372901 4 76 theme gene 647:650 arg1 DtCel5H 661:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H 643:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H 643:667 The gene encoding DtCel5H was cloned and the recombinant protein was overexpressed for crystallization and biophysical studies. 29372901 8 77 theme = 1237:1237 arg1 127.8 Å 1265:1271 a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å 1235:1271 127.8 Å 1265:1271 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 78 theme unit-cell 1397:1405 arg1 b 1428:1428 b 1428:1428 b = 67.9 1428:1435 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 78 theme unit-cell 1397:1405 arg1 parameters 1407:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 unit-cell parameters 1397:1416 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 8 78 theme unit-cell 1397:1405 arg1 103.7 Å 1442:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 c = 103.7 Å 1438:1448 The crystals obtained in the presence of ammonium sulfate belonged to space group P32, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.1, b = 73.1, 73.1, c = 127.8 Å, and diffracted to 1.5 Å resolution, whereas the second crystal form belonged to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 49.3, b = 67.9, c = 103.7 Å, and diffracted to 1.6 Å resolution. 29372901 1 79 theme biomass 276:282 arg1 conversion 256:265 the conversion 252:265 the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels 252:294 Cellulose-based products constitute the great majority of municipal waste, and applications of cellulases in the conversion of waste biomass to biofuels will be a key technology in future biorefineries. 31264424 1 0 dep Growth 91:96 arg1 Model 114:118 a Simplified Model 101:118 a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome 101:147 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31264424 3 1 theme major 713:717 arg1 bacteria 719:726 eight major bacteria 707:726 eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome 707:765 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 2 theme synthetic 636:644 arg1 GOS 672:674 GOS 672:674 GOS 672:674 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 2 theme synthetic 636:644 arg1 oligosaccharides 654:669 synthetic galacto oligosaccharides 636:669 synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) 636:675 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 3 theme molecular 505:513 arg1 methods 523:529 molecular biology methods 505:529 molecular biology methods 505:529 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 2 4 theme different 278:286 arg1 carbohydrates 298:310 different prebiotic carbohydrates 278:310 different prebiotic carbohydrates 278:310 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 2 5 theme prebiotic 288:296 arg1 carbohydrates 298:310 different prebiotic carbohydrates 278:310 different prebiotic carbohydrates 278:310 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 2 6 theme Increasing 150:159 arg1 awareness 161:169 Increasing awareness 150:169 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 150:232 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 6 7 theme C. 1087:1088 arg1 perfringens 1090:1100 C. perfringens 1087:1100 C. perfringens 1087:1100 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 8 theme 1H 480:481 arg1 NMR 483:485 1H NMR 480:485 1H NMR 480:485 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 8 theme 1H 480:481 arg1 resonance 469:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 445:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 9 theme bacteria 719:726 arg1 cocultures 693:702 cocultures 693:702 cocultures 693:702 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 9 theme bacteria 719:726 arg1 mono- 683:687 mono- 683:687 mono- 683:687 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 4 10 theme longum 845:850 arg1 subsp 852:856 Bifidobacterium longum subsp 829:856 Bifidobacterium longum subsp 829:856 The results revealed that BMO treatments supported growth of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. 31264424 8 11 theme oligosaccharide 1260:1274 arg1 composition 1276:1286 the oligosaccharide composition 1256:1286 the oligosaccharide composition 1256:1286 These results indicate that the oligosaccharide composition plays a vital role in shaping the developing microbiota. 31264424 2 12 theme bacterial 399:407 arg1 targets 409:415 single bacterial targets 392:415 single bacterial targets 392:415 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 8 13 theme developing 1322:1331 arg1 microbiota 1333:1342 the developing microbiota 1318:1342 the developing microbiota 1318:1342 These results indicate that the oligosaccharide composition plays a vital role in shaping the developing microbiota. 31264424 4 14 theme BMO 794:796 arg1 treatments 798:807 BMO treatments 794:807 BMO treatments 794:807 The results revealed that BMO treatments supported growth of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. 31264424 1 15 theme longum 84:89 arg1 Growth 91:96 longum Growth 84:96 longum Growth 84:96 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31264424 2 16 theme single 392:397 arg1 targets 409:415 single bacterial targets 392:415 single bacterial targets 392:415 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 3 17 theme biology 515:521 arg1 methods 523:529 molecular biology methods 505:529 molecular biology methods 505:529 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 6 18 theme B. 1203:1204 arg1 subsp 1213:1217 the beneficial B. longum subsp 1188:1217 the beneficial B. longum subsp 1188:1217 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 4 19 theme subsp 852:856 arg1 growth 819:824 growth 819:824 growth of Bifidobacterium longum subsp 819:856 The results revealed that BMO treatments supported growth of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. 31264424 5 20 theme perfringens 943:953 arg1 growth 921:926 growth 921:926 growth of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli 921:974 longum and Parabacteroides distasonis, while at the same time growth of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli was inhibited. 31264424 0 21 theme Milk 19:22 arg1 Oligosaccharides 24:39 Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides 12:39 Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides 12:39 Lactose and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Synergistically Stimulate B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 22 theme healthy 741:747 arg1 microbiome 756:765 a healthy infant microbiome 739:765 a healthy infant microbiome 739:765 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 23 theme bacteria 553:560 arg1 quantification 535:548 quantification 535:548 quantification of bacteria 535:560 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 24 theme magnetic 460:467 arg1 NMR 483:485 1H NMR 480:485 1H NMR 480:485 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 24 theme magnetic 460:467 arg1 resonance 469:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 445:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 0 25 theme Bovine 12:17 arg1 Oligosaccharides 24:39 Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides 12:39 Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides 12:39 Lactose and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Synergistically Stimulate B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 26 theme related 728:734 arg1 bacteria 719:726 eight major bacteria 707:726 eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome 707:765 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 2 27 theme importance 178:187 arg1 awareness 161:169 Increasing awareness 150:169 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 150:232 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 1 28 theme Simplified 103:112 arg1 Model 114:118 a Simplified Model 101:118 a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome 101:147 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31264424 3 29 theme resonance 469:477 arg1 metabolomics 488:499 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 30 theme galacto 646:652 arg1 GOS 672:674 GOS 672:674 GOS 672:674 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 30 theme galacto 646:652 arg1 oligosaccharides 654:669 synthetic galacto oligosaccharides 636:669 synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) 636:675 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 0 31 dep B. 67:68 arg1 longum 70:75 longum 70:75 longum 70:75 Lactose and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Synergistically Stimulate B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 32 theme proton 445:450 arg1 NMR 483:485 1H NMR 480:485 1H NMR 480:485 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 32 theme proton 445:450 arg1 resonance 469:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 445:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 6 33 theme stable 1115:1120 arg1 numbers 1122:1128 stable numbers 1115:1128 stable numbers of P. distasonis 1115:1145 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 34 theme bovine 597:602 arg1 oligosaccharides 609:624 bovine milk oligosaccharides 597:624 bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) 597:630 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 34 theme bovine 597:602 arg1 BMO 627:629 BMO 627:629 BMO 627:629 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 2 35 theme targets 409:415 arg1 community 371:379 a community 369:379 a community instead of single bacterial targets 369:415 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 0 36 theme B. 67:68 arg1 subsp 77:81 B. longum subsp 67:81 B. longum subsp 67:81 Lactose and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Synergistically Stimulate B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 37 theme prebiotic 577:585 arg1 effect 587:592 the prebiotic effect 573:592 the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) 573:675 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 6 38 theme subsp 1213:1217 arg1 numbers 1177:1183 numbers 1177:1183 numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp 1177:1217 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 5 39 theme same 911:914 arg1 time 916:919 the same time 907:919 the same time 907:919 longum and Parabacteroides distasonis, while at the same time growth of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli was inhibited. 31264424 3 40 theme infant 749:754 arg1 microbiome 756:765 a healthy infant microbiome 739:765 a healthy infant microbiome 739:765 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 2 41 theme Bifidobacterium-rich 202:221 arg1 microbiome 223:232 a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 192:232 a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 192:232 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 2 42 theme microbiome 223:232 arg1 importance 178:187 the importance 174:187 the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 174:232 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 8 43 theme vital 1296:1300 arg1 role 1302:1305 a vital role 1294:1305 a vital role 1294:1305 These results indicate that the oligosaccharide composition plays a vital role in shaping the developing microbiota. 31264424 6 44 theme beneficial 1192:1201 arg1 subsp 1213:1217 the beneficial B. longum subsp 1188:1217 the beneficial B. longum subsp 1188:1217 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 2 45 theme healthy 194:200 arg1 microbiome 223:232 a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 192:232 a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome 192:232 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 2 46 theme more 256:259 arg1 knowledge 261:269 more knowledge 256:269 more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets 256:415 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 6 47 dep reducing 1078:1085 arg1 regards 1067:1073 regards 1067:1073 regards 1067:1073 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 2 48 theme infant 336:341 arg1 microbiome 343:352 the infant microbiome 332:352 the infant microbiome 332:352 Increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy Bifidobacterium-rich microbiome has led to a need for more knowledge on how different prebiotic carbohydrates specifically impact the infant microbiome, especially as a community instead of single bacterial targets. 31264424 6 49 theme distasonis 1136:1145 arg1 numbers 1122:1128 stable numbers 1115:1128 stable numbers of P. distasonis 1115:1145 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 50 theme oligosaccharides 654:669 arg1 effect 587:592 the prebiotic effect 573:592 the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) 573:675 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 5 51 theme coli 971:974 arg1 growth 921:926 growth 921:926 growth of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli 921:974 longum and Parabacteroides distasonis, while at the same time growth of Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli was inhibited. 31264424 1 52 theme Infant 127:132 arg1 Microbiome 138:147 the Infant Gut Microbiome 123:147 the Infant Gut Microbiome 123:147 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31264424 6 53 theme synergistic 1016:1026 arg1 effect 1028:1033 a synergistic effect 1014:1033 a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp 1014:1217 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 3 54 theme nuclear 452:458 arg1 NMR 483:485 1H NMR 480:485 1H NMR 480:485 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 54 theme nuclear 452:458 arg1 resonance 469:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 445:477 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics 445:499 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 55 theme milk 604:607 arg1 oligosaccharides 609:624 bovine milk oligosaccharides 597:624 bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) 597:630 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 3 55 theme milk 604:607 arg1 BMO 627:629 BMO 627:629 BMO 627:629 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 6 56 dep B. 1203:1204 arg1 longum 1206:1211 longum 1206:1211 longum 1206:1211 In addition, there was a synergistic effect of combining lactose and BMO in regards to reducing C. perfringens, maintaining stable numbers of P. distasonis and simultaneously increasing numbers of the beneficial B. longum subsp. 31264424 1 57 theme Gut 134:136 arg1 Microbiome 138:147 the Infant Gut Microbiome 123:147 the Infant Gut Microbiome 123:147 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31264424 3 58 theme oligosaccharides 609:624 arg1 effect 587:592 the prebiotic effect 573:592 the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) 573:675 In this study, we combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) metabolomics and molecular biology methods for quantification of bacteria to compare the prebiotic effect of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and synthetic galacto oligosaccharides (GOS) using mono- and cocultures of eight major bacteria related to a healthy infant microbiome. 31264424 1 59 theme Microbiome 138:147 arg1 Model 114:118 a Simplified Model 101:118 a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome 101:147 longum Growth in a Simplified Model of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 31704652 0 0 theme Transmission 74:85 arg1 Determinant 43:53 a Key Determinant 37:53 a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission 37:85 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 5 1 theme Amino 939:943 arg1 changes 950:956 Amino acid changes 939:956 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) 939:987 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 4 2 theme oligomannose 731:742 arg1 type 744:747 only the oligomannose type 722:747 only the oligomannose type 722:747 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 1 3 theme envelope 147:154 arg1 surface 162:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 0 4 theme Virus 68:72 arg1 Transmission 74:85 Efficient Virus Transmission 58:85 Efficient Virus Transmission 58:85 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 5 5 from changes 950:956 arg1 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 5 from changes 950:956 arg1 peptide 976:982 the Env signal peptide 961:982 the Env signal peptide (SP) 961:987 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 6 6 theme SP 1134:1135 arg1 glycosylation 1151:1163 glycosylation 1151:1163 glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env 1151:1221 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 6 6 theme SP 1134:1135 arg1 variation 1137:1145 SP variation 1134:1145 SP variation 1134:1145 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 6 6 theme SP 1134:1135 arg1 determinants 1236:1247 critical determinants 1227:1247 critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity 1227:1290 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 4 7 theme hybrid-type 918:928 arg1 glycans 930:936 hybrid-type glycans 918:936 hybrid-type glycans 918:936 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 5 8 theme acid 945:948 arg1 changes 950:956 Amino acid changes 939:956 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) 939:987 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 1 9 theme complex-type 232:243 arg1 glycans 245:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans 204:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 204:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 6 10 theme HIV-1 1213:1217 arg1 Env 1219:1221 HIV-1 Env 1213:1221 HIV-1 Env 1213:1221 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 5 11 theme Env 1003:1005 arg1 content 1014:1020 the Env glycan content 999:1020 the Env glycan content 999:1020 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 3 12 theme varying 567:573 arg1 degrees 575:581 varying degrees 567:581 varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins 567:677 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 1 13 theme glycans 245:251 arg1 assortment 190:199 an assortment 187:199 an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 187:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 5 14 theme glycan 1007:1012 arg1 content 1014:1020 the Env glycan content 999:1020 the Env glycan content 999:1020 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 15 theme signal 969:974 arg1 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 15 theme signal 969:974 arg1 peptide 976:982 the Env signal peptide 961:982 the Env signal peptide (SP) 961:987 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 1 16 theme Env 157:159 arg1 surface 162:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 2 17 theme lectin 468:473 arg1 DC-SIGN 475:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 0 18 theme Envelope 6:13 arg1 Glycan 15:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan 0:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan 0:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 5 19 from sensitivity 1093:1103 arg1 trans-infection 1067:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 1 20 with interaction 271:281 arg1 lectins 313:319 carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 288:319 carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 288:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 3 21 theme trans-infection 586:600 arg1 degrees 575:581 varying degrees 567:581 varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins 567:677 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 2 22 theme HIV-1 385:389 arg1 transmission 391:402 HIV-1 transmission 385:402 HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 385:481 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 0 23 theme HIV-1 0:4 arg1 Glycan 15:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan 0:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan 0:20 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 4 24 theme DC-SIGN-mediated 750:765 arg1 capture 773:779 DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture 750:779 DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture 750:779 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 2 25 theme host 447:450 arg1 DC-SIGN 475:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 6 26 theme virus 1253:1257 arg1 fitness 1259:1265 virus fitness 1253:1265 virus fitness 1253:1265 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 0 27 theme Inhibitory 117:126 arg1 Lectins 128:134 Inhibitory Lectins 117:134 Inhibitory Lectins 117:134 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 6 28 theme oligosaccharides 1193:1208 arg1 types 1184:1188 varied types 1177:1188 varied types of oligosaccharides 1177:1208 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 1 29 theme virus 265:269 arg1 interaction 271:281 virus interaction 265:281 virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 265:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 2 30 theme mannose-binding 452:466 arg1 DC-SIGN 475:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 443:481 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 3 31 theme HIV-1 533:537 arg1 strains 539:545 HIV-1 strains 533:545 HIV-1 strains 533:545 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 32 from alterations 1034:1044 arg1 trans-infection 1067:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 4 33 theme Env 685:687 arg1 glycans 689:695 Env glycans 685:695 Env glycans 685:695 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 2 34 theme trans-infection 416:430 arg1 pathway 432:438 the trans-infection pathway 412:438 the trans-infection pathway 412:438 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 4 35 theme increased 852:860 arg1 degradation 862:872 increased degradation 852:872 increased degradation 852:872 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 1 36 theme carbohydrate-recognizing 288:311 arg1 lectins 313:319 carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 288:319 carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 288:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 6 37 theme varied 1177:1182 arg1 types 1184:1188 varied types 1177:1188 varied types of oligosaccharides 1177:1208 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 3 38 theme content 506:512 arg1 diversity 486:494 A diversity 484:494 A diversity of glycan content 484:512 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 0 39 theme Key 39:41 arg1 Determinant 43:53 a Key Determinant 37:53 a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission 37:85 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 6 40 theme critical 1227:1234 arg1 glycosylation 1151:1163 glycosylation 1151:1163 glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env 1151:1221 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 6 40 theme critical 1227:1234 arg1 variation 1137:1145 SP variation 1134:1145 SP variation 1134:1145 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 6 40 theme critical 1227:1234 arg1 determinants 1236:1247 critical determinants 1227:1247 critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity 1227:1290 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 5 41 theme virus 1087:1091 arg1 sensitivity 1093:1103 virus sensitivity 1087:1103 virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins 1087:1124 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 6 42 theme phenotypic 1271:1280 arg1 diversity 1282:1290 phenotypic diversity 1271:1290 phenotypic diversity 1271:1290 Hence, SP variation and glycosylation that confer varied types of oligosaccharides to HIV-1 Env are critical determinants for virus fitness and phenotypic diversity. 31704652 5 43 theme Env 965:967 arg1 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 SP 985:986 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 43 theme Env 965:967 arg1 peptide 976:982 the Env signal peptide 961:982 the Env signal peptide (SP) 961:987 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 5 44 theme DC-SIGN-dependent 1049:1065 arg1 trans-infection 1067:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection 1049:1081 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 4 45 theme virus 767:771 arg1 capture 773:779 DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture 750:779 DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture 750:779 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 4 46 theme virus 804:808 arg1 trans-infection 810:824 virus trans-infection 804:824 virus trans-infection 804:824 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 3 47 theme antiviral 661:669 arg1 lectins 671:677 antiviral lectins 661:677 antiviral lectins 661:677 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 1 48 theme HIV-1 141:145 arg1 surface 162:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface 137:168 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 1 49 theme oligomannose- 204:216 arg1 glycans 245:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans 204:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 204:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31704652 0 50 theme Efficient 58:66 arg1 Transmission 74:85 Efficient Virus Transmission 58:85 Efficient Virus Transmission 58:85 HIV-1 Envelope Glycan Composition as a Key Determinant of Efficient Virus Transmission via DC-SIGN and Resistance to Inhibitory Lectins. 31704652 5 51 theme antiviral 1108:1116 arg1 lectins 1118:1124 antiviral lectins 1108:1124 antiviral lectins 1108:1124 Amino acid changes in the Env signal peptide (SP) modulated the Env glycan content, leading to alterations in DC-SIGN-dependent trans-infection and virus sensitivity to antiviral lectins. 31704652 3 52 theme trans-infection 633:647 arg1 blockage 649:656 trans-infection blockage 633:656 trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins 633:677 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 2 53 theme heterogeneity 367:379 arg1 importance 346:355 the importance 342:355 the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN 342:481 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 3 54 theme glycan 499:504 arg1 content 506:512 glycan content 499:512 glycan content 499:512 A diversity of glycan content was observed among HIV-1 strains and associated with varying degrees of trans-infection via DC-SIGN and sensitivity to trans-infection blockage by antiviral lectins. 31704652 2 55 theme glycan 360:365 arg1 heterogeneity 367:379 glycan heterogeneity 360:379 glycan heterogeneity 360:379 This study examined the importance of glycan heterogeneity for HIV-1 transmission through the trans-infection pathway by the host mannose-binding lectin DC-SIGN. 31704652 4 56 with incorporation 899:911 arg1 glycans 930:936 hybrid-type glycans 918:936 hybrid-type glycans 918:936 When Env glycans were modified to display only the oligomannose type, DC-SIGN-mediated virus capture was enhanced; however, virus trans-infection was diminished because of increased degradation, which was alleviated by incorporation with hybrid-type glycans. 31704652 1 57 theme hybrid- 219:225 arg1 glycans 245:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans 204:251 oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins 204:319 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) surface is shrouded with an assortment of oligomannose-, hybrid-, and complex-type glycans that enable virus interaction with carbohydrate-recognizing lectins. 31216094 5 0 theme discriminating 747:760 arg1 patterns 762:769 discriminating patterns 747:769 discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans 747:823 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 5 1 used used 730:733 arg2 chromatography 711:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 8 2 theme GlcNH2 1269:1274 arg1 ratio 1260:1264 the ratio 1256:1264 the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) 1256:1302 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 8 2 theme GlcNH2 1269:1274 arg1 Estimation 1194:1203 Estimation 1194:1203 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) 1194:1251 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 6 3 theme milk 901:904 arg1 oligosaccharides 906:921 all human milk oligosaccharides 891:921 all human milk oligosaccharides 891:921 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 6 4 theme % 1000:1000 arg1 specificity 1006:1016 specificity 1006:1016 specificity of 78% 1006:1023 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 6 4 theme % 1000:1000 arg1 sensitivity 983:993 a sensitivity 981:993 a sensitivity of 48% 981:1000 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 7 5 theme % 1191:1191 arg1 specificity 1174:1184 a specificity 1172:1184 a specificity of 28% 1172:1191 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc improved sensitivity to 75% at the expense of a specificity of 28%. 31216094 10 6 from ratio 1521:1525 arg1 urine 1537:1541 infant urine 1530:1541 infant urine 1530:1541 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 7 7 theme GlcNAc 1119:1124 arg1 hydrolysis 1105:1114 hydrolysis 1105:1114 hydrolysis of GlcNAc 1105:1124 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc improved sensitivity to 75% at the expense of a specificity of 28%. 31216094 4 8 theme mixed 653:657 arg1 breast/formula 659:672 11 mixed breast/formula 650:672 11 mixed breast/formula 650:672 Urine samples were collected and snap frozen from 34 infants attending with minor illness or feeding problems, of whom 12 infants were exclusively breastfed, nine exclusively formula fed, and 11 mixed breast/formula fed. 31216094 4 9 theme feeding 551:557 arg1 problems 559:566 feeding problems 551:566 feeding problems 551:566 Urine samples were collected and snap frozen from 34 infants attending with minor illness or feeding problems, of whom 12 infants were exclusively breastfed, nine exclusively formula fed, and 11 mixed breast/formula fed. 31216094 5 10 theme exchange 702:709 arg1 chromatography 711:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 6 11 theme oligosaccharides 906:921 arg1 concentration 874:886 The absolute concentration 861:886 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind 861:936 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 2 12 theme intake 291:296 arg1 validation 277:286 validation 277:286 validation of intake 277:296 Financial voucher incentives have shown promise but require a biomarker for validation of intake. 31216094 3 13 theme infant 357:362 arg1 urine 364:368 infant urine 357:368 infant urine 357:368 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 4 14 theme Urine 458:462 arg1 samples 464:470 Urine samples 458:470 Urine samples 458:470 Urine samples were collected and snap frozen from 34 infants attending with minor illness or feeding problems, of whom 12 infants were exclusively breastfed, nine exclusively formula fed, and 11 mixed breast/formula fed. 31216094 10 15 theme infant 1530:1535 arg1 urine 1537:1541 infant urine 1530:1541 infant urine 1530:1541 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 9 16 theme breast 1443:1448 arg1 milk 1450:1453 any breast milk 1439:1453 "any breast milk 1438:1453 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 3 17 theme biochemical 336:346 arg1 assay 348:352 a simple biochemical assay 327:352 a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report 327:455 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 6 18 theme human 895:899 arg1 oligosaccharides 906:921 all human milk oligosaccharides 891:921 all human milk oligosaccharides 891:921 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 10 19 theme promising 1548:1556 arg1 test 1558:1561 a promising test 1546:1561 a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion 1546:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 10 19 theme promising 1548:1556 arg1 ratio 1521:1525 The GlcNH2/Man ratio 1506:1525 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine 1506:1541 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 1 20 theme breastfeeding 158:170 arg1 rates 172:176 breastfeeding rates 158:176 breastfeeding rates 158:176 The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, but despite interventions, breastfeeding rates remain stubbornly low. 31216094 10 21 theme biochemical 1574:1584 arg1 confirmation 1586:1597 biochemical confirmation 1574:1597 biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion 1574:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 9 22 theme blind 1336:1340 arg1 experiment 1342:1351 a further blind experiment 1326:1351 a further blind experiment 1326:1351 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 10 23 theme GlcNH2/Man 1510:1519 arg1 test 1558:1561 a promising test 1546:1561 a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion 1546:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 10 23 theme GlcNH2/Man 1510:1519 arg1 ratio 1521:1525 The GlcNH2/Man ratio 1506:1525 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine 1506:1541 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 5 24 theme unconjugated 804:815 arg1 glycans 817:823 unconjugated glycans 804:823 unconjugated glycans 804:823 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 8 25 theme abundance 1221:1229 arg1 ratio 1260:1264 the ratio 1256:1264 the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) 1256:1302 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 8 25 theme abundance 1221:1229 arg1 Estimation 1194:1203 Estimation 1194:1203 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) 1194:1251 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 5 26 theme glycans 817:823 arg1 composition 789:799 monosaccharide composition 774:799 monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans 774:823 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 4 27 theme minor 534:538 arg1 illness 540:546 minor illness 534:546 minor illness 534:546 Urine samples were collected and snap frozen from 34 infants attending with minor illness or feeding problems, of whom 12 infants were exclusively breastfed, nine exclusively formula fed, and 11 mixed breast/formula fed. 31216094 8 28 theme relative 1212:1219 arg1 abundance 1221:1229 the relative abundance 1208:1229 the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) 1208:1251 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 3 29 theme urine 364:368 arg1 assay 348:352 a simple biochemical assay 327:352 a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report 327:455 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 9 30 theme GlcNH2/Man 1358:1367 arg1 ratio 1369:1373 the GlcNH2/Man ratio 1354:1373 the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 1354:1395 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 5 31 theme composition 789:799 arg1 patterns 762:769 discriminating patterns 747:769 discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans 747:823 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 3 32 theme maternal 441:448 arg1 report 450:455 maternal report 441:455 maternal report 441:455 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 3 33 theme simple 329:334 arg1 assay 348:352 a simple biochemical assay 327:352 a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report 327:455 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 1 34 theme exclusive 93:101 arg1 breastfeeding 103:115 exclusive breastfeeding 93:115 exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months 93:128 The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months, but despite interventions, breastfeeding rates remain stubbornly low. 31216094 7 35 theme specificity 1174:1184 arg1 expense 1161:1167 the expense 1157:1167 the expense of a specificity of 28% 1157:1191 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc improved sensitivity to 75% at the expense of a specificity of 28%. 31216094 5 36 theme High-performance 679:694 arg1 chromatography 711:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 6 37 theme absolute 865:872 arg1 concentration 874:886 The absolute concentration 861:886 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind 861:936 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 9 38 theme 1.5 1393:1395 arg1 cut-off 1382:1388 cut-off 1382:1388 cut-off 1382:1388 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 0 39 theme marker 29:34 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of a biochemical marker 0:34 Development of a biochemical marker to detect current breast milk intake. 31216094 4 40 theme 34 508:509 arg1 infants 511:517 34 infants 508:517 34 infants 508:517 Urine samples were collected and snap frozen from 34 infants attending with minor illness or feeding problems, of whom 12 infants were exclusively breastfed, nine exclusively formula fed, and 11 mixed breast/formula fed. 31216094 5 41 theme monosaccharide 774:787 arg1 composition 789:799 monosaccharide composition 774:799 monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans 774:823 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 0 42 theme biochemical 17:27 arg1 marker 29:34 a biochemical marker 15:34 a biochemical marker 15:34 Development of a biochemical marker to detect current breast milk intake. 31216094 5 43 theme experiments 848:858 arg1 sequence 830:837 a sequence 828:837 a sequence of three experiments 828:858 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 0 44 theme current 46:52 arg1 intake 66:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 Development of a biochemical marker to detect current breast milk intake. 31216094 6 45 theme breastfeeding 956:968 arg1 " 969:969 any breastfeeding" 952:969 "any breastfeeding" 951:969 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 7 46 theme Unblinded 1026:1034 arg1 examination 1036:1046 Unblinded examination 1026:1046 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc 1026:1124 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc improved sensitivity to 75% at the expense of a specificity of 28%. 31216094 3 47 theme breast 417:422 arg1 milk 424:427 any breast milk 413:427 any breast milk 413:427 This study aimed to develop a simple biochemical assay of infant urine that would tell if an infant was receiving any breast milk to validate maternal report. 31216094 7 48 theme N-acetylglucosamine 1051:1069 arg1 examination 1036:1046 Unblinded examination 1026:1046 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc 1026:1124 Unblinded examination of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) measured as GlcNH2 after hydrolysis of GlcNAc improved sensitivity to 75% at the expense of a specificity of 28%. 31216094 5 49 theme anion 696:700 arg1 chromatography 711:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography 679:724 High-performance anion exchange chromatography was used to identify discriminating patterns of monosaccharide composition of unconjugated glycans in a sequence of three experiments. 31216094 2 50 theme voucher 211:217 arg1 incentives 219:228 Financial voucher incentives 201:228 Financial voucher incentives 201:228 Financial voucher incentives have shown promise but require a biomarker for validation of intake. 31216094 2 51 theme Financial 201:209 arg1 incentives 219:228 Financial voucher incentives 201:228 Financial voucher incentives 201:228 Financial voucher incentives have shown promise but require a biomarker for validation of intake. 31216094 10 52 theme breastfeeding 1606:1618 arg1 confirmation 1586:1597 biochemical confirmation 1574:1597 biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion 1574:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 9 53 theme fed 1493:1495 arg1 infants 1497:1503 exclusively formula fed infants 1473:1503 exclusively formula fed infants 1473:1503 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 9 54 with ratio 1369:1373 arg1 cut-off 1382:1388 cut-off 1382:1388 cut-off 1382:1388 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 31216094 8 55 theme endogenous 1279:1288 arg1 mannose 1290:1296 endogenous mannose 1279:1296 endogenous mannose (Man) 1279:1302 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 8 55 theme endogenous 1279:1288 arg1 Man 1299:1301 Man 1299:1301 Man 1299:1301 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 0 56 theme milk 61:64 arg1 intake 66:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 Development of a biochemical marker to detect current breast milk intake. 31216094 6 57 theme % 1023:1023 arg1 specificity 1006:1016 specificity 1006:1016 specificity of 78% 1006:1023 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 6 57 theme % 1023:1023 arg1 sensitivity 983:993 a sensitivity 981:993 a sensitivity of 48% 981:1000 The absolute concentration of all human milk oligosaccharides measured blind could detect "any breastfeeding" only with a sensitivity of 48% and specificity of 78%. 31216094 8 58 theme GlcNH2 1234:1239 arg1 abundance 1221:1229 the relative abundance 1208:1229 the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) 1208:1251 Estimation of the relative abundance of GlcNH2 (GlcNH2[%]) or the ratio of GlcNH2 to endogenous mannose (Man) improved accuracy. 31216094 10 59 theme breastfeeding 1634:1646 arg1 promotion 1648:1656 breastfeeding promotion 1634:1656 breastfeeding promotion 1634:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 0 60 theme breast 54:59 arg1 intake 66:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 current breast milk intake 46:71 Development of a biochemical marker to detect current breast milk intake. 31216094 10 61 theme promotion 1648:1656 arg1 trials 1624:1629 trials 1624:1629 trials of breastfeeding promotion 1624:1656 The GlcNH2/Man ratio in infant urine is a promising test to provide biochemical confirmation of any breastfeeding for trials of breastfeeding promotion. 31216094 9 62 theme further 1328:1334 arg1 experiment 1342:1351 a further blind experiment 1326:1351 a further blind experiment 1326:1351 In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving "any breast milk," while excluding exclusively formula fed infants. 29956422 0 0 theme 261 days 66:73 arg1 postpartum 75:84 261 days postpartum 66:84 261 days postpartum 66:84 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 0 1 from changes 19:25 arg1 partum 53:58 partum 53:58 partum 53:58 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 2 2 theme change 517:522 arg1 law 510:512 the same law 501:512 the same law of change 501:522 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 4 3 theme days 681:684 arg1 postpartum 690:699 days 255 postpartum 681:699 days 255 postpartum 681:699 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 2 4 theme titratable 409:418 arg1 acidity 420:426 titratable acidity 409:426 titratable acidity 409:426 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 4 5 theme increasing 769:778 arg1 trend 794:798 either an increasing or decreasing trend 759:798 trend 794:798 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 5 6 theme days 876:879 arg1 postpartum 888:897 days 1 to 5 postpartum 876:897 days 1 to 5 postpartum 876:897 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 2 7 theme 261 days 450:457 arg1 postpartum 459:468 261 days postpartum 450:468 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk 450:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 8 theme same 505:508 arg1 law 510:512 the same law 501:512 the same law of change 501:522 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 6 9 theme technology 1208:1217 arg1 fields 1176:1181 the fields 1172:1181 the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment 1172:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 protein 343:349 protein 343:349 protein 343:349 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 fat 381:383 fat 381:383 fat 381:383 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 indicators 309:318 the measured indicators 296:318 the measured indicators 296:318 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 ash 386:388 ash 386:388 ash 386:388 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 acidity 420:426 titratable acidity 409:426 titratable acidity 409:426 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 immunoglobulin 352:365 immunoglobulin 352:365 immunoglobulin 352:365 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 pH 432:433 pH 432:433 pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk 432:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 lactoferrin 368:378 lactoferrin 368:378 lactoferrin 368:378 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 lactose 391:397 lactose 391:397 lactose 391:397 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 matter 335:340 dry matter 331:340 dry matter 331:340 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 10 theme measured 300:307 arg1 calcium 400:406 calcium 400:406 calcium 400:406 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 5 11 dep postpartum 888:897 arg1 to 883:884 to 883:884 to 883:884 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 5 12 theme measured 956:963 arg1 parameters 965:974 all measured parameters 952:974 all measured parameters 952:974 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 5 12 theme measured 956:963 arg1 ranges 1005:1010 the normal ranges 994:1010 the normal ranges 994:1010 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 6 13 theme food 1203:1206 arg1 technology 1208:1217 food technology 1203:1217 food technology 1203:1217 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 5 14 theme normal 998:1003 arg1 parameters 965:974 all measured parameters 952:974 all measured parameters 952:974 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 5 14 theme normal 998:1003 arg1 ranges 1005:1010 the normal ranges 994:1010 the normal ranges 994:1010 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 0 15 dep postpartum 75:84 arg1 up 60:61 up 60:61 up 60:61 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 0 16 theme compositional 5:17 arg1 changes 19:25 Milk compositional changes 0:25 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 0:85 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 6 17 theme nutritional 1224:1234 arg1 replenishment 1243:1255 nutritional mutual replenishment 1224:1255 nutritional mutual replenishment 1224:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 6 18 theme goat 1131:1134 arg1 milk 1136:1139 Laoshan goat milk 1123:1139 Laoshan goat milk 1123:1139 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 0 19 theme Milk 0:3 arg1 changes 19:25 Milk compositional changes 0:25 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 0:85 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 6 20 theme Laoshan 1123:1129 arg1 milk 1136:1139 Laoshan goat milk 1123:1139 Laoshan goat milk 1123:1139 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 5 21 theme Laoshan 837:843 arg1 goat 851:854 Laoshan dairy goat 837:854 Laoshan dairy goat 837:854 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 6 22 theme production 1191:1200 arg1 fields 1176:1181 the fields 1172:1181 the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment 1172:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 2 23 theme goat 481:484 arg1 milk 486:489 Laoshan goat milk 473:489 Laoshan goat milk 473:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 6 24 theme current 1086:1092 arg1 characteristics 1104:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 5 25 theme dairy 845:849 arg1 goat 851:854 Laoshan dairy goat 837:854 Laoshan dairy goat 837:854 We concluded that the colostrum for Laoshan dairy goat was considered from days 1 to 5 postpartum and after 5 days it was as transitioned to milk when all measured parameters were according to the normal ranges as described in this study. 29956422 1 26 theme nutrient 160:167 arg1 potential 169:177 the nutrient potential 156:177 the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk 156:198 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 4 27 dep which 733:737 arg1 after 727:731 after 727:731 after 727:731 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 3 28 theme days 651:654 arg1 postpartum 660:669 days 225 postpartum 651:669 days 225 postpartum 651:669 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 2 29 theme Laoshan 473:479 arg1 milk 486:489 Laoshan goat milk 473:489 Laoshan goat milk 473:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 4 30 dep trend 794:798 arg1 either 759:764 either 759:764 either 759:764 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 2 31 theme dry 331:333 arg1 matter 335:340 dry matter 331:340 dry matter 331:340 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 0 32 theme goat 38:41 arg1 milk 43:46 Laoshan goat milk 30:46 Laoshan goat milk from partum 30:58 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 1 33 theme lactation 263:271 arg1 period 273:278 lactation period 263:278 lactation period 263:278 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 6 34 theme milk 1186:1189 arg1 production 1191:1200 milk production 1186:1200 milk production 1186:1200 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 4 35 dep point 720:724 arg1 showed 752:757 showed 752:757 showed either an increasing or decreasing trend 752:798 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 3 36 dep was 531:533 arg1 observed 636:643 observed 636:643 was observed until days 225 postpartum 632:669 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 0 37 theme Laoshan 30:36 arg1 milk 43:46 Laoshan goat milk 30:46 Laoshan goat milk from partum 30:58 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 3 38 theme significant 537:547 arg1 difference 549:558 a significant difference 535:558 a significant difference 535:558 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 4 39 theme turning 712:718 arg1 point 720:724 a turning point 710:724 a turning point 710:724 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 1 40 theme Laoshan 182:188 arg1 milk 195:198 Laoshan goat milk 182:198 Laoshan goat milk 182:198 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 6 41 from importance 1158:1167 arg1 fields 1176:1181 the fields 1172:1181 the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment 1172:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 0 42 from partum 53:58 arg1 changes 19:25 Milk compositional changes 0:25 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 0:85 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 0 42 from partum 53:58 arg1 milk 43:46 Laoshan goat milk 30:46 Laoshan goat milk from partum 30:58 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 6 43 theme nutritive 1094:1102 arg1 characteristics 1104:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 1 44 theme global 99:104 arg1 demand 117:122 the global increasing demand 95:122 the global increasing demand for goat milk 95:136 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 0 45 theme milk 43:46 arg1 changes 19:25 Milk compositional changes 0:25 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 0:85 Milk compositional changes of Laoshan goat milk from partum up to 261 days postpartum. 29956422 4 46 theme decreasing 783:792 arg1 trend 794:798 either an increasing or decreasing trend 759:798 trend 794:798 However, days 255 postpartum was like a turning point, after which their values showed either an increasing or decreasing trend. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 protein 343:349 protein 343:349 protein 343:349 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 fat 381:383 fat 381:383 fat 381:383 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 ash 386:388 ash 386:388 ash 386:388 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 acidity 420:426 titratable acidity 409:426 titratable acidity 409:426 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 immunoglobulin 352:365 immunoglobulin 352:365 immunoglobulin 352:365 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 pH 432:433 pH 432:433 pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk 432:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 lactoferrin 368:378 lactoferrin 368:378 lactoferrin 368:378 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 lactose 391:397 lactose 391:397 lactose 391:397 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 matter 335:340 dry matter 331:340 dry matter 331:340 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 2 47 from partum 440:445 arg1 calcium 400:406 calcium 400:406 calcium 400:406 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 6 48 theme milk 1136:1139 arg1 characteristics 1104:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 1 49 theme increasing 106:115 arg1 demand 117:122 the global increasing demand 95:122 the global increasing demand for goat milk 95:136 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 6 50 theme mutual 1236:1241 arg1 replenishment 1243:1255 nutritional mutual replenishment 1224:1255 nutritional mutual replenishment 1224:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 1 51 theme goat 190:193 arg1 milk 195:198 Laoshan goat milk 182:198 Laoshan goat milk 182:198 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 2 52 theme milk 486:489 arg1 postpartum 459:468 261 days postpartum 450:468 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk 450:489 In this study, the measured indicators, including dry matter, protein, immunoglobulin, lactoferrin, fat, ash, lactose, calcium, titratable acidity and pH from partum to 261 days postpartum of Laoshan goat milk, followed the same law of change. 29956422 3 53 theme first 569:573 arg1 postpartum 582:591 the first 5 days postpartum 565:591 the first 5 days postpartum 565:591 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 1 54 theme milk 195:198 arg1 potential 169:177 the nutrient potential 156:177 the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk 156:198 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 3 55 theme 5 days 575:580 arg1 postpartum 582:591 the first 5 days postpartum 565:591 the first 5 days postpartum 565:591 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 1 56 theme goat 128:131 arg1 milk 133:136 goat milk 128:136 goat milk 128:136 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 29956422 6 57 theme replenishment 1243:1255 arg1 fields 1176:1181 the fields 1172:1181 the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment 1172:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 6 58 theme updated 1059:1065 arg1 information 1067:1077 updated information 1059:1077 updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment 1059:1255 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 3 59 theme significant 609:619 arg1 difference 621:630 no significant difference 606:630 no significant difference 606:630 There was a significant difference over the first 5 days postpartum, after which no significant difference was observed until days 225 postpartum. 29956422 6 60 from information 1067:1077 arg1 characteristics 1104:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 the current nutritive characteristics 1082:1118 This work provided updated information on the current nutritive characteristics of Laoshan goat milk, which may be of importance in the fields of milk production, food technology, and nutritional mutual replenishment. 29956422 1 61 theme limited 204:210 arg1 information 212:222 limited information 204:222 limited information 204:222 Despite the global increasing demand for goat milk, no data exist on the nutrient potential of Laoshan goat milk and limited information exists on its composition according to lactation period. 30948094 2 0 theme hydroxyapatite 502:515 arg1 nanoparticles 522:534 hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles 502:534 hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles 502:534 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 1 theme composite 600:608 arg1 microspheres 610:621 composite microspheres 600:621 composite microspheres 600:621 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 6 2 theme good 1155:1158 arg1 blood 1160:1164 good blood and cell compatibility 1155:1187 blood 1160:1164 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 7 3 theme HA 1300:1301 arg1 nanoparticles 1303:1315 HA nanoparticles 1300:1315 HA nanoparticles 1300:1315 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 7 4 theme composite 1327:1335 arg1 microspheres 1337:1348 HA/SA composite microspheres 1321:1348 HA/SA composite microspheres 1321:1348 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 1 5 theme emulsion 317:324 arg1 technique 336:344 an emulsion crosslink technique 314:344 an emulsion crosslink technique 314:344 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 0 6 theme tissue 126:131 arg1 engineering 133:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 1 7 used used 365:368 arg2 agent 389:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 7 used used 365:368 arg2 ions 355:358 calcium ions 347:358 calcium ions 347:358 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 4 8 theme drug 903:906 arg1 loading 908:914 their drug loading 897:914 their drug loading 897:914 The results demonstrate that the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres were successfully prepared; their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are much higher than that of HA nanoparticles. 30948094 1 9 theme crosslink 326:334 arg1 technique 336:344 an emulsion crosslink technique 314:344 an emulsion crosslink technique 314:344 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 0 10 theme bone 121:124 arg1 engineering 133:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 11 theme pH-responsive 1441:1453 arg1 system 1488:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 2 12 from effect 400:405 arg1 dispersion 586:595 dispersion 586:595 dispersion 586:595 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 12 from effect 400:405 arg1 morphology 571:580 the morphology 567:580 the morphology 567:580 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 5 13 theme Dox-loaded 992:1001 arg1 microspheres 1022:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 8 14 from application 1517:1527 arg1 engineering 1544:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 6 15 theme cell 1170:1173 arg1 compatibility 1175:1187 good blood and cell compatibility 1155:1187 compatibility 1175:1187 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 2 16 theme nanoparticles 522:534 arg1 ratio 464:468 the volume ratio 453:468 the volume ratio of water to oil 453:484 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 16 theme nanoparticles 522:534 arg1 speed 557:561 rotation speed 548:561 rotation speed 548:561 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 16 theme nanoparticles 522:534 arg1 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 16 theme nanoparticles 522:534 arg1 alginate 438:445 sodium alginate 431:445 sodium alginate (SA) 431:450 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 16 theme nanoparticles 522:534 arg1 content 491:497 the content 487:497 the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles 487:534 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 6 17 theme cytotoxicity 1101:1112 arg1 tests 1114:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1083:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1083:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 5 18 theme HA/SA/CS 1003:1010 arg1 microspheres 1022:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 2 19 theme alginate 438:445 arg1 concentration 414:426 the concentration 410:426 the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, 410:562 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 4 20 theme HA 974:975 arg1 nanoparticles 977:989 HA nanoparticles 974:989 HA nanoparticles 974:989 The results demonstrate that the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres were successfully prepared; their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are much higher than that of HA nanoparticles. 30948094 3 21 theme hemolysis 711:719 arg1 activity 721:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 4 22 theme composite 846:854 arg1 microspheres 856:867 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 833:867 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 833:867 The results demonstrate that the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres were successfully prepared; their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are much higher than that of HA nanoparticles. 30948094 8 23 from carriers 1427:1434 arg1 system 1488:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 5 24 theme composite 1012:1020 arg1 microspheres 1022:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 992:1033 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 7 25 theme better 1247:1252 arg1 adhesion 1259:1266 better cell adhesion 1247:1266 better cell adhesion 1247:1266 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 8 26 theme delivery 1479:1486 arg1 system 1488:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 1 27 theme good 235:238 arg1 biocompatibility 240:255 good biocompatibility 235:255 good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application 235:291 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 2 28 theme water 473:477 arg1 ratio 464:468 the volume ratio 453:468 the volume ratio of water to oil 453:484 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 28 theme water 473:477 arg1 speed 557:561 rotation speed 548:561 rotation speed 548:561 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 28 theme water 473:477 arg1 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 28 theme water 473:477 arg1 alginate 438:445 sodium alginate 431:445 sodium alginate (SA) 431:450 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 28 theme water 473:477 arg1 content 491:497 the content 487:497 the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles 487:534 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 29 theme microspheres 610:621 arg1 dispersion 586:595 dispersion 586:595 dispersion 586:595 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 29 theme microspheres 610:621 arg1 morphology 571:580 the morphology 567:580 the morphology 567:580 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 8 30 theme drug 1474:1477 arg1 system 1488:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 31 theme controlled-release 1455:1472 arg1 system 1488:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1439:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 2 32 theme sodium 431:436 arg1 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 SA 448:449 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 32 theme sodium 431:436 arg1 alginate 438:445 sodium alginate 431:445 sodium alginate (SA) 431:450 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 7 33 theme prepared 1207:1214 arg1 microspheres 1226:1237 the prepared composite microspheres 1203:1237 the prepared composite microspheres 1203:1237 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 1 34 theme calcium 347:353 arg1 ions 355:358 calcium ions 347:358 calcium ions 347:358 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 34 theme calcium 347:353 arg1 agent 389:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 2 35 theme speed 557:561 arg1 concentration 414:426 the concentration 410:426 the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, 410:562 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 36 theme volume 457:462 arg1 ratio 464:468 the volume ratio 453:468 the volume ratio of water to oil 453:484 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 2 37 theme ratio 464:468 arg1 concentration 414:426 the concentration 410:426 the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, 410:562 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 3 38 dep in 702:703 arg1 vitro 705:709 vitro 705:709 vitro 705:709 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 2 39 theme rotation 548:555 arg1 speed 557:561 rotation speed 548:561 rotation speed 548:561 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 8 40 theme drug 1422:1425 arg1 potential 1409:1417 potential 1409:1417 potential 1409:1417 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 40 theme drug 1422:1425 arg1 carriers 1427:1434 drug carriers 1422:1434 drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1422:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 1 41 theme specific 261:268 arg1 application 281:291 specific biomedical application 261:291 specific biomedical application 261:291 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 2 42 theme content 491:497 arg1 concentration 414:426 the concentration 410:426 the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, 410:562 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 3 43 theme cell 745:748 arg1 adhesion 750:757 cell adhesion 745:757 cell adhesion 745:757 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 7 44 theme cell 1254:1257 arg1 adhesion 1259:1266 better cell adhesion 1247:1266 better cell adhesion 1247:1266 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 5 45 theme drug-release 1058:1069 arg1 capability 1071:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 1 46 theme biomedical 270:279 arg1 application 281:291 specific biomedical application 261:291 specific biomedical application 261:291 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 0 47 theme hydroxyapatite/sodium 36:56 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 0 47 theme hydroxyapatite/sodium 36:56 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 7 48 theme composite 1216:1224 arg1 microspheres 1226:1237 the prepared composite microspheres 1203:1237 the prepared composite microspheres 1203:1237 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 1 49 contain possess 227:233 arg2 biocompatibility 240:255 good biocompatibility 235:255 good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application 235:291 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 49 contain possess 227:233 arg1 microspheres 207:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 6 50 theme hemolysis 1087:1095 arg1 tests 1114:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1083:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1083:1118 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 7 51 theme proliferation 1272:1284 arg1 capacity 1286:1293 proliferation capacity 1272:1293 proliferation capacity 1272:1293 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 30948094 4 52 theme HA/SA/CS 837:844 arg1 microspheres 856:867 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 833:867 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 833:867 The results demonstrate that the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres were successfully prepared; their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are much higher than that of HA nanoparticles. 30948094 1 53 theme Hydroxyapatite/sodium 146:166 arg1 HA/SA/CS 187:194 HA/SA/CS 187:194 HA/SA/CS 187:194 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 53 theme Hydroxyapatite/sodium 146:166 arg1 alginate/chitosan 168:184 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan 146:184 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 0 54 theme composite 76:84 arg1 microspheres 86:97 composite microspheres 76:97 composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering 76:143 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 3 55 theme proliferation 763:775 arg1 capacity 777:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 8 56 contain have 1404:1407 arg2 carriers 1427:1434 drug carriers 1422:1434 drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system 1422:1493 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 56 contain have 1404:1407 arg1 microspheres 1385:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 56 contain have 1404:1407 arg2 potential 1409:1417 potential 1409:1417 potential 1409:1417 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 6 57 contain have 1150:1153 arg2 compatibility 1175:1187 good blood and cell compatibility 1155:1187 compatibility 1175:1187 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 6 57 contain have 1150:1153 arg2 blood 1160:1164 good blood and cell compatibility 1155:1187 blood 1160:1164 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 6 57 contain have 1150:1153 arg1 microspheres 1137:1148 the microspheres 1133:1148 the microspheres 1133:1148 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests suggest that the microspheres have good blood and cell compatibility. 30948094 8 58 theme tissue 1537:1542 arg1 engineering 1544:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 1 59 theme alginate/chitosan 168:184 arg1 microspheres 207:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 60 theme cross-linking 375:387 arg1 ions 355:358 calcium ions 347:358 calcium ions 347:358 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 1 60 theme cross-linking 375:387 arg1 agent 389:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 a cross-linking agent 373:393 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 8 61 theme HA/SA/CS 1366:1373 arg1 microspheres 1385:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 3 62 theme release 683:689 arg1 behaviors 691:699 release behaviors 683:699 release behaviors 683:699 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 8 63 theme bone 1532:1535 arg1 engineering 1544:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 bone tissue engineering 1532:1554 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 4 64 theme encapsulation 920:932 arg1 efficiency 934:943 encapsulation efficiency 920:943 encapsulation efficiency 920:943 The results demonstrate that the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres were successfully prepared; their drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are much higher than that of HA nanoparticles. 30948094 3 65 theme drug 669:672 arg1 loading 674:680 the drug loading 665:680 the drug loading 665:680 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 1 66 theme composite 197:205 arg1 microspheres 207:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres 146:218 Hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 activity 721:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 cytotoxicity 731:742 cytotoxicity 731:742 cytotoxicity 731:742 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 capacity 777:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 behaviors 691:699 release behaviors 683:699 release behaviors 683:699 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 adhesion 750:757 cell adhesion 745:757 cell adhesion 745:757 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 67 dep investigated 647:658 arg1 loading 674:680 the drug loading 665:680 the drug loading 665:680 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 0 68 theme drug 103:106 arg1 delivery 108:115 drug delivery 103:115 drug delivery 103:115 Fabrication and characterization of hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan composite microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. 30948094 8 69 theme composite 1375:1383 arg1 microspheres 1385:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres 1362:1396 Therefore, the HA/SA/CS composite microspheres might have potential as drug carriers in a pH-responsive controlled-release drug delivery system and as candidates for application in bone tissue engineering. 30948094 5 70 theme good 1040:1043 arg1 capability 1071:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 activity 721:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 cytotoxicity 731:742 cytotoxicity 731:742 cytotoxicity 731:742 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 capacity 777:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 proliferation capacity 763:784 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 behaviors 691:699 release behaviors 683:699 release behaviors 683:699 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 adhesion 750:757 cell adhesion 745:757 cell adhesion 745:757 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 71 theme materials 793:801 arg1 loading 674:680 the drug loading 665:680 the drug loading 665:680 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 3 72 theme in 702:703 arg1 activity 721:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 in vitro hemolysis activity 702:728 Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials. 30948094 5 73 theme pH-sensitive 1045:1056 arg1 capability 1071:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 good pH-sensitive drug-release capability 1040:1080 Dox-loaded HA/SA/CS composite microspheres show good pH-sensitive drug-release capability. 30948094 2 74 theme concentration 414:426 arg1 effect 400:405 The effect 396:405 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres 396:621 The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. 30948094 7 75 theme HA/SA 1321:1325 arg1 microspheres 1337:1348 HA/SA composite microspheres 1321:1348 HA/SA composite microspheres 1321:1348 Furthermore, the prepared composite microspheres display better cell adhesion and proliferation capacity than HA nanoparticles and HA/SA composite microspheres. 29301339 0 0 theme Essential 85:93 arg1 Oils 95:98 Essential Oils 85:98 Essential Oils 85:98 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 5 1 theme tensile 719:725 arg1 strength 727:734 tensile strength 719:734 tensile strength 719:734 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 10 2 theme INU-CHI 1415:1421 arg1 material 1507:1514 an active packaging material 1487:1514 an active packaging material in the food industry 1487:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 2 theme INU-CHI 1415:1421 arg1 film 1423:1426 the INU-CHI film 1411:1426 the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study 1411:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 4 3 theme poor 516:519 arg1 properties 530:539 poor physical properties 516:539 poor physical properties 516:539 INU film alone showed poor physical properties. 29301339 5 4 from break 754:758 arg1 at 751:752 elongation at break 740:758 elongation at break 740:758 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 5 4 from break 754:758 arg1 elongation 740:749 elongation at break 740:758 elongation at break 740:758 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 9 5 theme % 1218:1218 arg1 OT 1220:1221 2.0% OT 1215:1221 2.0% OT 1215:1221 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 5 6 theme CHI 584:586 arg1 compatibility 559:571 the compatibility 555:571 the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 555:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 8 7 theme antioxidant 1137:1147 arg1 properties 1167:1176 antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 1137:1176 antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 1137:1176 All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 29301339 3 8 theme antimicrobial 440:452 arg1 activities 454:463 antioxidant and antimicrobial activities 424:463 activities 454:463 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 7 9 theme b 1038:1038 arg1 values 1040:1045 a and b values 1032:1045 a and b values 1032:1045 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 6 10 theme vapor 831:835 arg1 permeability 837:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 7 11 theme values 1040:1045 arg1 opacity 1021:1027 the opacity 1017:1027 the opacity of a and b values 1017:1045 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 9 12 theme 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl 1302:1330 arg1 scavenging 1340:1349 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging 1302:1349 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging 1302:1349 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 4 13 theme physical 521:528 arg1 properties 530:539 poor physical properties 516:539 poor physical properties 516:539 INU film alone showed poor physical properties. 29301339 10 14 theme food 1523:1526 arg1 industry 1528:1535 the food industry 1519:1535 the food industry 1519:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 6 15 theme water 825:829 arg1 permeability 837:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 7 16 theme a 1032:1032 arg1 values 1040:1045 a and b values 1032:1045 a and b values 1032:1045 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 9 17 theme highest 1237:1243 arg1 acid 1295:1298 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid 1260:1298 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid 1260:1298 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 9 17 theme highest 1237:1243 arg1 2,2'-azino-bis 1245:1258 the highest 2,2'-azino-bis 1233:1258 the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) 1233:1299 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 1 18 theme burdock 144:150 arg1 root 152:155 burdock root 144:155 burdock root 144:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 5 19 theme INU-CHI 696:702 arg1 film 704:707 the INU-CHI film 692:707 the INU-CHI film 692:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 2 20 with films 351:355 arg1 bioactivities 362:374 bioactivities 362:374 bioactivities 362:374 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 6 21 theme OT 944:945 arg1 concentration 947:959 OT concentration 944:959 OT concentration 944:959 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 3 22 theme films 472:476 arg1 activities 454:463 antioxidant and antimicrobial activities 424:463 activities 454:463 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 3 22 theme films 472:476 arg1 properties 402:411 The physical and optical properties 377:411 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films 377:476 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 2 23 theme INU-CHI 324:330 arg1 film 332:335 the INU-CHI film 320:335 the INU-CHI film 320:335 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 7 24 theme films 1088:1092 arg1 value 1067:1071 the L value 1061:1071 the L value of the INU-CHI films 1061:1092 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 10 25 theme active 1490:1495 arg1 material 1507:1514 an active packaging material 1487:1514 an active packaging material in the food industry 1487:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 25 theme active 1490:1495 arg1 film 1423:1426 the INU-CHI film 1411:1426 the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study 1411:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 7 26 theme OT 999:1000 arg1 Incorporation 982:994 Incorporation 982:994 Incorporation of OT 982:1000 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 4 27 theme INU 494:496 arg1 film 498:501 INU film 494:501 INU film alone 494:507 INU film alone showed poor physical properties. 29301339 5 28 theme INU 576:578 arg1 compatibility 559:571 the compatibility 555:571 the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 555:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 2 29 theme Oregano 259:265 arg1 oils 287:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils 259:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) 259:295 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 2 29 theme Oregano 259:265 arg1 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 10 30 from material 1507:1514 arg1 industry 1528:1535 the food industry 1519:1535 the food industry 1519:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 0 31 theme Root 23:26 arg1 Films 50:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 6 32 theme films 897:901 arg1 content 882:888 moisture content 873:888 moisture content 873:888 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 6 32 theme films 897:901 arg1 permeability 837:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 water vapor permeability 825:848 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 6 32 theme films 897:901 arg1 solubility 857:866 water solubility 851:866 water solubility 851:866 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 5 33 theme total 630:634 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 3 34 theme optical 394:400 arg1 properties 402:411 The physical and optical properties 377:411 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films 377:476 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 0 35 theme Burdock 15:21 arg1 Films 50:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 5 36 theme reflectance-Fourier 636:654 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 0 37 dep Oregano 67:73 arg1 Oils 95:98 Essential Oils 85:98 Essential Oils 85:98 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 6 38 theme water 851:855 arg1 solubility 857:866 water solubility 851:866 water solubility 851:866 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 10 39 contain containing 1428:1437 arg1 material 1507:1514 an active packaging material 1487:1514 an active packaging material in the food industry 1487:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 39 contain containing 1428:1437 arg2 OT 1439:1440 OT 1439:1440 OT developed in this study 1439:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 39 contain containing 1428:1437 arg1 film 1423:1426 the INU-CHI film 1411:1426 the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study 1411:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 0 40 theme Blend 44:48 arg1 Films 50:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 1 41 theme composite 242:250 arg1 films 252:256 composite films 242:256 composite films 242:256 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 5 42 theme transformation 656:669 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 3 43 theme physical 381:388 arg1 properties 402:411 The physical and optical properties 377:411 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films 377:476 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 5 44 theme infrared 671:678 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 1 45 theme new 175:177 arg1 material 189:196 a new film base material 173:196 a new film base material 173:196 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 45 theme new 175:177 arg1 INU 124:126 inulin (INU) 116:127 inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root 116:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 0 46 theme Inulin/Chitosan 28:42 arg1 Films 50:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 15:54 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 5 47 theme elongation 740:749 arg1 break 754:758 elongation at break 740:758 elongation at break 740:758 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 5 48 theme INU 767:769 arg1 film 771:774 the INU film 763:774 the INU film 763:774 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 1 49 theme film 179:182 arg1 material 189:196 a new film base material 173:196 a new film base material 173:196 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 49 theme film 179:182 arg1 INU 124:126 inulin (INU) 116:127 inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root 116:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 5 50 theme at 751:752 arg1 break 754:758 elongation at break 740:758 elongation at break 740:758 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 6 51 theme moisture 873:880 arg1 content 882:888 moisture content 873:888 moisture content 873:888 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 9 52 theme 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic 1260:1293 arg1 acid 1295:1298 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid 1260:1298 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid 1260:1298 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 9 52 theme 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic 1260:1293 arg1 2,2'-azino-bis 1245:1258 the highest 2,2'-azino-bis 1233:1258 the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) 1233:1299 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 9 53 theme 2.0 1215:1217 arg1 % 1218:1218 % 1218:1218 % 1218:1218 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 10 54 used utilized 1475:1482 arg2 film 1423:1426 the INU-CHI film 1411:1426 the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study 1411:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 54 used utilized 1475:1482 arg2 material 1507:1514 an active packaging material 1487:1514 an active packaging material in the food industry 1487:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 0 55 theme Films 50:54 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films 0:54 Development of Burdock Root Inulin/Chitosan Blend Films Containing Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils. 29301339 9 56 theme radical 1332:1338 arg1 scavenging 1340:1349 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging 1302:1349 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging 1302:1349 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 10 57 theme packaging 1497:1505 arg1 material 1507:1514 an active packaging material 1487:1514 an active packaging material in the food industry 1487:1535 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 10 57 theme packaging 1497:1505 arg1 film 1423:1426 the INU-CHI film 1411:1426 the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study 1411:1464 Thus, the INU-CHI film containing OT developed in this study might be utilized as an active packaging material in the food industry. 29301339 7 58 theme INU-CHI 1080:1086 arg1 films 1088:1092 the INU-CHI films 1076:1092 the INU-CHI films 1076:1092 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 3 59 theme antioxidant 424:434 arg1 activities 454:463 antioxidant and antimicrobial activities 424:463 activities 454:463 The physical and optical properties as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the films were evaluated. 29301339 8 60 theme INU-CHI 1099:1105 arg1 films 1107:1111 All INU-CHI films 1095:1111 All INU-CHI films containing OT 1095:1125 All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 29301339 7 61 theme L 1065:1065 arg1 value 1067:1071 the L value 1061:1071 the L value of the INU-CHI films 1061:1092 Incorporation of OT also increased the opacity of a and b values and decreased the L value of the INU-CHI films. 29301339 1 62 used utilized 161:168 arg2 INU 124:126 inulin (INU) 116:127 inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root 116:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 62 used utilized 161:168 arg2 material 189:196 a new film base material 173:196 a new film base material 173:196 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 63 theme inulin 116:121 arg1 material 189:196 a new film base material 173:196 a new film base material 173:196 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 63 theme inulin 116:121 arg1 INU 124:126 inulin (INU) 116:127 inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root 116:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 64 theme base 184:187 arg1 material 189:196 a new film base material 173:196 a new film base material 173:196 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 1 64 theme base 184:187 arg1 INU 124:126 inulin (INU) 116:127 inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root 116:155 In this study, inulin (INU) extracted from burdock root was utilized as a new film base material and combined with chitosan (CHI) to prepare composite films. 29301339 5 65 theme attenuated 619:628 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 9 66 theme INU-CHI 1197:1203 arg1 film 1205:1208 the INU-CHI film 1193:1208 the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT 1193:1221 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 8 67 contain containing 1113:1122 arg1 films 1107:1111 All INU-CHI films 1095:1111 All INU-CHI films containing OT 1095:1125 All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 29301339 8 67 contain containing 1113:1122 arg2 OT 1124:1125 OT 1124:1125 OT 1124:1125 All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 29301339 2 68 theme thyme 271:275 arg1 oils 287:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils 259:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) 259:295 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 2 68 theme thyme 271:275 arg1 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 2 69 theme essential 277:285 arg1 oils 287:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils 259:290 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) 259:295 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 2 69 theme essential 277:285 arg1 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 OT 293:294 Oregano and thyme essential oils (OT) were incorporated into the INU-CHI film to confer the films with bioactivities. 29301339 5 70 theme film 704:707 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 8 71 theme antimicrobial 1153:1165 arg1 properties 1167:1176 antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 1137:1176 antioxidant and antimicrobial properties 1137:1176 All INU-CHI films containing OT exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. 29301339 9 72 theme antimicrobial 1356:1368 arg1 activities 1370:1379 antimicrobial activities 1356:1379 antimicrobial activities against four pathogens 1356:1402 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 9 73 with film 1205:1208 arg1 OT 1220:1221 2.0% OT 1215:1221 2.0% OT 1215:1221 Particularly, the INU-CHI film with 2.0% OT exhibited the highest 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activities against four pathogens. 29301339 5 74 theme film 771:774 arg1 break 754:758 elongation at break 740:758 elongation at break 740:758 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 5 74 theme film 771:774 arg1 strength 727:734 tensile strength 719:734 tensile strength 719:734 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 29301339 6 75 theme INU-CHI 968:974 arg1 film 976:979 the INU-CHI film 964:979 the INU-CHI film 964:979 In addition, water vapor permeability, water solubility, and moisture content of the films decreased proportionally with increasing OT concentration in the INU-CHI film. 29301339 5 76 from changes 608:614 arg1 spectrum 680:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum 619:687 attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film 619:707 In contrast, the compatibility of INU and CHI demonstrated by the changes in attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transformation infrared spectrum of the INU-CHI film increased tensile strength and elongation at break of the INU film by 8.2- and 3.9-fold, respectively. 31743707 7 0 theme RHY 1406:1408 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 6 1 theme fat 1280:1282 arg1 content 1284:1290 fat content 1280:1290 fat content 1280:1290 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 7 2 theme BH 1402:1403 arg1 RHY 1406:1408 RHY 1406:1408 RHY 1406:1408 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 7 2 theme BH 1402:1403 arg1 PK 1414:1415 PK 1414:1415 PK 1414:1415 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 7 2 theme BH 1402:1403 arg1 flour 1393:1397 flour 1393:1397 flour 1393:1397 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 7 2 theme BH 1402:1403 arg1 starch 1382:1387 starch 1382:1387 starch 1382:1387 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 6 3 dep starch 1269:1274 arg1 the 1265:1267 the 1265:1267 the 1265:1267 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 5 4 theme polygonal 881:889 arg1 shapes 891:896 polygonal shapes 881:896 polygonal shapes 881:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 6 5 theme principal 1169:1177 arg1 analysis 1189:1196 the principal component analysis 1165:1196 the principal component analysis 1165:1196 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 6 theme isolated 1124:1131 arg1 starches 1133:1140 isolated starches 1124:1140 isolated starches 1124:1140 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 7 7 theme PK 1414:1415 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 3 8 theme functional 371:380 arg1 properties 404:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties 347:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 347:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 6 9 theme flours 1113:1118 arg1 properties 1099:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties 973:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches 973:1140 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 4 10 from varieties 763:771 arg1 composition 708:718 Proximal chemical composition 690:718 Proximal chemical composition of flour 690:727 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 4 10 from varieties 763:771 arg1 starches 742:749 isolated starches 733:749 isolated starches from quinoa varieties 733:771 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 0 11 with correlation 71:81 arg1 flour 88:92 flour 88:92 flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 88:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 4 12 theme flour 723:727 arg1 composition 708:718 Proximal chemical composition 690:718 Proximal chemical composition of flour 690:727 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 4 12 theme flour 723:727 arg1 starches 742:749 isolated starches 733:749 isolated starches from quinoa varieties 733:771 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 7 13 contain have 1434:1437 arg2 potential 1439:1447 potential 1439:1447 potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products 1439:1500 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 7 13 contain have 1434:1437 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 0 14 theme Peruvian 110:117 arg1 varieties 126:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 4 15 theme Proximal 690:697 arg1 composition 708:718 Proximal chemical composition 690:718 Proximal chemical composition of flour 690:727 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 5 16 theme higher 911:916 arg1 degree 932:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 16 theme higher 911:916 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 17 theme quinoa 816:821 arg1 varieties 823:831 quinoa varieties 816:831 quinoa varieties 816:831 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 3 18 dep Blanca 490:495 arg1 PK 554:555 PK 554:555 PK 554:555 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 18 dep Blanca 490:495 arg1 Pasankalla 542:551 Pasankalla 542:551 Pasankalla 542:551 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 18 dep Blanca 490:495 arg1 Rosada 514:519 Rosada 514:519 Rosada 514:519 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 18 dep Blanca 490:495 arg1 RHY 534:536 RHY 534:536 RHY 534:536 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 2 19 used used 244:247 arg2 ingredient 255:264 an ingredient 252:264 an ingredient 252:264 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 2 19 used used 244:247 arg2 flour 235:239 Quinoa flour 228:239 Quinoa flour 228:239 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 3 20 theme starches 438:445 arg1 properties 404:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties 347:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 347:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 0 21 theme Andean 103:108 arg1 varieties 126:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 7 22 theme quinoa 1417:1422 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 4 23 theme isolated 733:740 arg1 starches 742:749 isolated starches 733:749 isolated starches from quinoa varieties 733:771 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 1 24 theme complete 169:176 arg1 food 178:181 a complete food 167:181 a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition 167:225 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 1 24 theme complete 169:176 arg1 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 3 25 theme food 673:676 arg1 ingredient 678:687 a food ingredient 671:687 a food ingredient 671:687 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 25 theme food 673:676 arg1 possible 654:661 possible 654:661 possible 654:661 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 4 26 theme chemical 699:706 arg1 composition 708:718 Proximal chemical composition 690:718 Proximal chemical composition of flour 690:727 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 5 27 theme Type 846:849 arg1 A 851:851 a XRD Type A 840:851 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 0 28 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 0:135 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 6 29 dep thermal 977:983 arg1 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 29 dep thermal 977:983 arg1 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 29 dep thermal 977:983 arg1 enthalpies 1018:1027 enthalpies 1018:1027 enthalpies 1018:1027 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 29 dep thermal 977:983 arg1 temperatures 1001:1012 gelatinization temperatures 986:1012 gelatinization temperatures 986:1012 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 2 30 theme functional 297:306 arg1 characteristics 308:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics 277:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods 277:344 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 7 31 theme functional 1350:1359 arg1 properties 1361:1370 physicochemical and functional properties 1330:1370 physicochemical and functional properties 1330:1370 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 1 32 theme due 183:185 arg1 food 178:181 a complete food 167:181 a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition 167:225 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 1 32 theme due 183:185 arg1 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa 137:142 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 5 33 theme Isolated 793:800 arg1 starches 802:809 Isolated starches 793:809 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties 793:831 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 3 34 dep possible 654:661 arg1 uses 663:666 uses 663:666 uses 663:666 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 5 35 theme crystallinity 918:930 arg1 degree 932:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 35 theme crystallinity 918:930 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 6 36 theme pasting 1034:1040 arg1 properties 1099:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties 973:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches 973:1140 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 3 37 theme Peruvian 463:470 arg1 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 37 theme Peruvian 463:470 arg1 varieties 479:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 450:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 450:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 0 38 theme functional 20:29 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 0:135 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 5 39 theme small 899:903 arg1 % 969:969 <15% 966:969 <15% 966:969 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 39 theme small 899:903 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 39 theme small 899:903 arg1 size 905:908 small size 899:908 small size 899:908 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 0 40 theme quinoa 119:124 arg1 varieties 126:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 99:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 2 41 theme nutritional 281:291 arg1 characteristics 308:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics 277:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods 277:344 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 3 42 theme quinoa 472:477 arg1 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 42 theme quinoa 472:477 arg1 varieties 479:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 450:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 450:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 0 43 theme isolated 45:52 arg1 starch 54:59 isolated starch 45:59 isolated starch 45:59 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 6 44 theme viscosities 1086:1096 arg1 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 44 theme viscosities 1086:1096 arg1 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 7 45 theme isolated 1373:1380 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 3 46 theme isolated 429:436 arg1 starches 438:445 isolated starches 429:445 isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 429:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 1 47 theme balanced 194:201 arg1 composition 215:225 its balanced nutritional composition 190:225 its balanced nutritional composition 190:225 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 3 48 theme flours 418:423 arg1 properties 404:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties 347:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 347:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 2 49 theme Quinoa 228:233 arg1 ingredient 255:264 an ingredient 252:264 an ingredient 252:264 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 2 49 theme Quinoa 228:233 arg1 flour 235:239 Quinoa flour 228:239 Quinoa flour 228:239 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 5 50 from varieties 823:831 arg1 starches 802:809 Isolated starches 793:809 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties 793:831 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 1 51 theme nutritional 203:213 arg1 composition 215:225 its balanced nutritional composition 190:225 its balanced nutritional composition 190:225 Quinoa has been recognized as a complete food due to its balanced nutritional composition. 31743707 7 52 theme cereal-based 1480:1491 arg1 products 1493:1500 several cereal-based products 1472:1500 several cereal-based products 1472:1500 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 6 53 theme gelatinization 986:999 arg1 temperatures 1001:1012 gelatinization temperatures 986:1012 gelatinization temperatures 986:1012 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 5 54 theme lower 943:947 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 54 theme lower 943:947 arg1 content 957:963 lower amylose content 943:963 lower amylose content 943:963 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 3 55 dep Rosada 514:519 arg1 Huancayo 524:531 Rosada de Huancayo 514:531 Rosada de Huancayo 514:531 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 0 56 theme starch 54:59 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 0:135 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 3 57 theme physicochemical 351:365 arg1 properties 404:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties 347:413 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 347:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 7 58 theme flour 1393:1397 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 2 59 theme foods 340:344 arg1 characteristics 308:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics 277:322 the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods 277:344 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 7 60 theme food 1452:1455 arg1 ingredient 1457:1466 food ingredient 1452:1466 food ingredient 1452:1466 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 6 61 theme component 1179:1187 arg1 analysis 1189:1196 the principal component analysis 1165:1196 the principal component analysis 1165:1196 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 4 62 theme quinoa 756:761 arg1 varieties 763:771 quinoa varieties 756:771 quinoa varieties 756:771 Proximal chemical composition of flour and isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed differences. 31743707 6 63 theme thermal 977:983 arg1 properties 1099:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties 973:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches 973:1140 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 2 64 theme cereal-based 327:338 arg1 foods 340:344 cereal-based foods 327:344 cereal-based foods 327:344 Quinoa flour is used as an ingredient to improve the nutritional and functional characteristics of cereal-based foods. 31743707 5 65 theme A 851:851 arg1 degree 932:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 65 theme A 851:851 arg1 content 957:963 lower amylose content 943:963 lower amylose content 943:963 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 65 theme A 851:851 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 65 theme A 851:851 arg1 size 905:908 small size 899:908 small size 899:908 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 3 66 dep them 597:600 arg1 properties 602:611 properties 602:611 them properties 597:611 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 67 dep functional 371:380 arg1 pasting 395:401 pasting 395:401 pasting 395:401 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 67 dep functional 371:380 arg1 thermal 383:389 thermal 383:389 thermal 383:389 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 7 68 theme several 1472:1478 arg1 products 1493:1500 several cereal-based products 1472:1500 several cereal-based products 1472:1500 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 5 69 theme amylose 949:955 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 69 theme amylose 949:955 arg1 content 957:963 lower amylose content 943:963 lower amylose content 943:963 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 6 70 theme starches 1133:1140 arg1 properties 1099:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties 973:1108 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches 973:1140 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 71 theme gelatinization 1067:1080 arg1 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 time 1059:1062 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 6 71 theme gelatinization 1067:1080 arg1 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 temperature 1043:1053 The thermal (gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies) and pasting (temperature and time of gelatinization and viscosities) properties of flours and isolated starches showed differences and the principal component analysis demonstrated that those properties are significantly correlated to the starch and fat content. 31743707 3 72 theme varieties 479:487 arg1 starches 438:445 isolated starches 429:445 isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 429:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 72 theme varieties 479:487 arg1 flours 418:423 flours 418:423 flours 418:423 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 0 73 theme correlation 71:81 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 0:135 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 3 74 theme Andean 456:461 arg1 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 Blanca 490:495 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 3 74 theme Andean 456:461 arg1 varieties 479:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 450:487 three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) 450:556 The physicochemical and functional (thermal and pasting) properties of flours and isolated starches of three Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties (Blanca de Hualhuas, BH; Rosada de Huancayo, RHY and Pasankalla, PK) were studied and the correlation among them properties were evaluated in order to explore their possible uses as a food ingredient. 31743707 5 75 with patterns 867:874 arg1 shapes 891:896 polygonal shapes 881:896 polygonal shapes 881:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 0 76 with starch 54:59 arg1 flour 88:92 flour 88:92 flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 88:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 5 77 theme crystallinity 853:865 arg1 degree 932:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 higher crystallinity degree 911:937 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 77 theme crystallinity 853:865 arg1 content 957:963 lower amylose content 943:963 lower amylose content 943:963 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 77 theme crystallinity 853:865 arg1 patterns 867:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns 840:874 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 77 theme crystallinity 853:865 arg1 size 905:908 small size 899:908 small size 899:908 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 5 78 theme XRD 842:844 arg1 A 851:851 a XRD Type A 840:851 a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes 840:896 Isolated starches from quinoa varieties showed a XRD Type A crystallinity patterns with polygonal shapes, small size, higher crystallinity degree and lower amylose content (<15%). 31743707 0 79 from varieties 126:134 arg1 flour 88:92 flour 88:92 flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties 88:134 Physicochemical and functional properties of isolated starch and their correlation with flour from the Andean Peruvian quinoa varieties. 31743707 7 80 theme physicochemical 1330:1344 arg1 properties 1361:1370 physicochemical and functional properties 1330:1370 physicochemical and functional properties 1330:1370 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31743707 7 81 theme starch 1382:1387 arg1 varieties 1424:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties 1373:1432 Based on the differences found among physicochemical and functional properties, isolated starch and flour of BH, RHY and PK quinoa varieties have potential as food ingredient for several cereal-based products. 31508651 8 0 theme subcutaneous 1563:1574 arg1 filling 1583:1589 subcutaneous defect filling 1563:1589 subcutaneous defect filling 1563:1589 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 1 1 theme large 166:170 arg1 filling 197:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 5 2 dep thickness 924:932 arg1 ratio 944:948 retention ratio 934:948 retention ratio 934:948 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 2 dep thickness 924:932 arg1 ratio 963:967 recovery ratio 954:967 recovery ratio 954:967 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 2 dep thickness 924:932 arg1 thickness 924:932 the thickness 920:932 the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio 920:967 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 8 3 theme repair 1479:1484 arg1 effect 1486:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 5 4 with disks 881:885 arg1 thickness 905:913 much smaller thickness 892:913 much smaller thickness 892:913 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 2 5 theme isolate 352:358 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 5 theme isolate 352:358 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 3 6 theme EHSS 678:681 arg1 degree 668:673 the recovery degree 655:673 the recovery degree of EHSS 655:681 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 8 7 theme in 1388:1389 arg1 EHSS-PT-130 1409:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 4 8 theme sponges 762:768 arg1 properties 744:753 physical properties 735:753 physical properties 735:753 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 4 8 theme sponges 762:768 arg1 structure 721:729 structure 721:729 structure 721:729 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 8 9 theme surgical 1443:1450 arg1 incision 1452:1459 much smaller surgical incision 1430:1459 much smaller surgical incision 1430:1459 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 4 10 dep structure 721:729 arg1 The 717:719 The 717:719 The 717:719 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 6 11 theme MPa 1153:1155 arg1 pressure 1138:1145 the pressure 1134:1145 the pressure of 30 MPa 1134:1155 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 5 12 theme thin 876:879 arg1 disks 881:885 thin disks 876:885 thin disks with much smaller thickness 876:913 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 2 13 theme novel 311:315 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 13 theme novel 311:315 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 0 14 theme surgical 116:123 arg1 incision 125:132 surgical incision 116:132 surgical incision 116:132 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 6 15 from °C 1126:1127 arg1 at 1119:1120 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 6 15 from °C 1126:1127 arg1 thin 1095:1098 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 6 15 from °C 1126:1127 arg1 disk 1100:1103 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 1 16 theme subcutaneous 177:188 arg1 filling 197:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 6 17 theme thin 1095:1098 arg1 °C 1126:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 8 18 dep in 1388:1389 arg1 vivo 1391:1394 vivo 1391:1394 vivo 1391:1394 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 2 19 theme memory 424:429 arg1 property 431:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 1 20 theme defect 190:195 arg1 filling 197:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 0 21 theme memory 6:11 arg1 sponges 47:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges 0:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 0:133 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 8 22 theme sterilization 1514:1526 arg1 effect 1486:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 8 22 theme sterilization 1514:1526 arg1 need 1500:1503 no need 1497:1503 no need of extra sterilization 1497:1526 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 6 23 theme original 1190:1197 arg1 shape 1199:1203 its original shape 1186:1203 its original shape 1186:1203 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 8 24 theme extra 1508:1512 arg1 sterilization 1514:1526 extra sterilization 1508:1526 extra sterilization 1508:1526 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 4 25 theme physical 735:742 arg1 properties 744:753 physical properties 735:753 physical properties 735:753 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 7 26 theme good 1266:1269 arg1 hydrophilicity 1271:1284 good hydrophilicity 1266:1284 good hydrophilicity 1266:1284 EHSS-PT-130 also exhibited good hydrophilicity, cytocompatibility, histocompatibility and in vivo biodegradability. 31508651 0 27 theme Shape 0:4 arg1 sponges 47:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges 0:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 0:133 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 1 28 theme plastic 277:283 arg1 surgery 285:291 plastic surgery 277:291 plastic surgery 277:291 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 6 29 theme at 1119:1120 arg1 °C 1126:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 2 30 theme composite 370:378 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 30 theme composite 370:378 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 31 theme shape 418:422 arg1 property 431:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 6 32 with °C 1126:1127 arg1 pressure 1138:1145 the pressure 1134:1145 the pressure of 30 MPa 1134:1155 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 2 33 theme surgical 543:550 arg1 incision 552:559 the required surgical incision 530:559 the required surgical incision 530:559 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 6 34 theme hydrophilic 1219:1229 arg1 fluids 1231:1236 hydrophilic fluids 1219:1236 hydrophilic fluids 1219:1236 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 5 35 theme hot-pressing 986:997 arg1 temperature 1031:1041 temperature 1031:1041 temperature 1031:1041 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 35 theme hot-pressing 986:997 arg1 conditions 999:1008 hot-pressing conditions 986:1008 hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature 986:1041 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 35 theme hot-pressing 986:997 arg1 pressure 1018:1025 pressure 1018:1025 pressure 1018:1025 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 0 36 theme histocompatible 13:27 arg1 sponges 47:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges 0:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 0:133 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 2 37 theme required 534:541 arg1 incision 552:559 the required surgical incision 530:559 the required surgical incision 530:559 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 3 38 theme hot-pressing 632:643 arg1 cycles 645:650 hot-pressing cycles 632:650 hot-pressing cycles 632:650 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 1 39 theme area 172:175 arg1 filling 197:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 large area subcutaneous defect filling 166:203 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 7 40 theme in 1329:1330 arg1 biodegradability 1337:1352 in vivo biodegradability 1329:1352 in vivo biodegradability 1329:1352 EHSS-PT-130 also exhibited good hydrophilicity, cytocompatibility, histocompatibility and in vivo biodegradability. 31508651 6 41 theme disk 1100:1103 arg1 °C 1126:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 8 42 theme memory 1402:1407 arg1 EHSS-PT-130 1409:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 3 43 theme main 585:588 arg1 temperature 616:626 temperature 616:626 temperature 616:626 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 3 43 theme main 585:588 arg1 factors 590:596 the main factors 581:596 the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles 581:650 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 3 43 theme main 585:588 arg1 pressure 606:613 pressure 606:613 pressure 606:613 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 3 43 theme main 585:588 arg1 cycles 645:650 hot-pressing cycles 632:650 hot-pressing cycles 632:650 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 0 44 theme biodegradable 33:45 arg1 sponges 47:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges 0:53 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 0:133 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 8 45 theme potential 1537:1545 arg1 application 1547:1557 potential application 1537:1557 potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair 1537:1600 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 3 46 theme factors 590:596 arg1 Effects 570:576 Effects 570:576 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS 570:681 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 1 47 theme great 221:225 arg1 challenge 227:235 a great challenge 219:235 a great challenge 219:235 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 0 48 theme subcutaneous 59:70 arg1 filling 79:85 subcutaneous defect filling 59:85 subcutaneous defect filling 59:85 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 0 49 dep sponges 47:53 arg1 reducing 107:114 reducing 107:114 reducing surgical incision 107:132 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 2 50 theme protein 344:350 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 50 theme protein 344:350 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 8 51 theme same 1474:1477 arg1 effect 1486:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 the same repair effect 1470:1491 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 3 52 theme recovery 659:666 arg1 degree 668:673 the recovery degree 655:673 the recovery degree of EHSS 655:681 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 4 53 theme SEM 816:818 arg1 spectroscopy 797:808 FTIR spectroscopy 792:808 FTIR spectroscopy 792:808 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 4 53 theme SEM 816:818 arg1 etc 820:822 SEM etc 816:822 SEM etc 816:822 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 2 54 theme cellulose/soy 330:342 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 54 theme cellulose/soy 330:342 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 1 55 from challenge 227:235 arg1 field 255:259 the biomedical field 240:259 the biomedical field 240:259 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 8 56 theme smaller 1435:1441 arg1 incision 1452:1459 much smaller surgical incision 1430:1459 much smaller surgical incision 1430:1459 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 4 57 theme FTIR 792:795 arg1 spectroscopy 797:808 FTIR spectroscopy 792:808 FTIR spectroscopy 792:808 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 4 57 theme FTIR 792:795 arg1 XRD 811:813 XRD 811:813 XRD 811:813 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 4 57 theme FTIR 792:795 arg1 etc 820:822 SEM etc 816:822 SEM etc 816:822 The structure and physical properties of the sponges were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM etc. 31508651 2 58 theme hydroxyethyl 317:328 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 58 theme hydroxyethyl 317:328 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 6 59 theme dense 1089:1093 arg1 °C 1126:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C 1087:1127 Especially, EHSS could be hot-pressed into a dense thin disk (EHSS-PT-130) at 130 °C with the pressure of 30 MPa, which could quickly recover its original shape by soaking in hydrophilic fluids. 31508651 8 60 theme defect 1576:1581 arg1 filling 1583:1589 subcutaneous defect filling 1563:1589 subcutaneous defect filling 1563:1589 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 5 61 theme recovery 954:961 arg1 ratio 963:967 recovery ratio 954:967 recovery ratio 954:967 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 61 theme recovery 954:961 arg1 thickness 924:932 the thickness 920:932 the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio 920:967 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 62 theme retention 934:942 arg1 ratio 944:948 retention ratio 934:948 retention ratio 934:948 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 5 62 theme retention 934:942 arg1 thickness 924:932 the thickness 920:932 the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio 920:967 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 1 63 theme surgical 144:151 arg1 incision 153:160 surgical incision 144:160 surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair 144:214 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31508651 5 64 theme smaller 897:903 arg1 thickness 905:913 much smaller thickness 892:913 much smaller thickness 892:913 The results showed that EHSS could be pressed into thin disks with much smaller thickness, and the thickness retention ratio and recovery ratio were affected by hot-pressing conditions such as pressure and temperature. 31508651 2 65 theme hot-pressing 496:507 arg1 conditions 509:518 hot-pressing conditions 496:518 hot-pressing conditions 496:518 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 7 66 dep in 1329:1330 arg1 vivo 1332:1335 vivo 1332:1335 vivo 1332:1335 EHSS-PT-130 also exhibited good hydrophilicity, cytocompatibility, histocompatibility and in vivo biodegradability. 31508651 8 67 theme shape 1396:1400 arg1 EHSS-PT-130 1409:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 1388:1419 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 8 68 theme original 1373:1380 arg1 EHSS 1382:1385 the original EHSS 1369:1385 the original EHSS 1369:1385 Compared with the original EHSS, in vivo shape memory EHSS-PT-130 required much smaller surgical incision to reach the same repair effect and no need of extra sterilization, showing potential application for subcutaneous defect filling and repair. 31508651 3 69 from Effects 570:576 arg1 degree 668:673 the recovery degree 655:673 the recovery degree of EHSS 655:681 Effects of the main factors such as pressure, temperature and hot-pressing cycles on the recovery degree of EHSS were investigated systematically. 31508651 0 70 theme defect 72:77 arg1 filling 79:85 subcutaneous defect filling 59:85 subcutaneous defect filling 59:85 Shape memory histocompatible and biodegradable sponges for subcutaneous defect filling and repair: greatly reducing surgical incision. 31508651 2 71 with sponge 380:385 arg1 property 431:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 72 theme responsive 407:416 arg1 property 431:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 a fluid responsive shape memory property 399:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 73 theme HEC/SPI 361:367 arg1 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 EHSS 388:391 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 2 73 theme HEC/SPI 361:367 arg1 sponge 380:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge 309:385 a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property 309:438 In this study, a novel hydroxyethyl cellulose/soy protein isolate (HEC/SPI) composite sponge (EHSS) with a fluid responsive shape memory property was constructed, whose thickness could be controlled by hot-pressing conditions to reduce the required surgical incision greatly. 31508651 1 74 theme biomedical 244:253 arg1 field 255:259 the biomedical field 240:259 the biomedical field 240:259 Reducing surgical incision for large area subcutaneous defect filling and repair is a great challenge in the biomedical field, especially for plastic surgery. 31446146 5 0 theme mucoadhesive 729:740 arg1 properties 742:751 in vitro mucoadhesive properties 720:751 in vitro mucoadhesive properties 720:751 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 8 1 contain containing 1289:1298 arg2 lysozyme 1307:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 8 1 contain containing 1289:1298 arg1 tablets 1281:1287 tablets 1281:1287 tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme 1281:1314 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 2 2 theme dosage 360:365 arg1 form 367:370 a dosage form 358:370 a dosage form 358:370 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 4 3 theme hydroxypropyl 584:596 arg1 methylcellulose 598:612 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 584:612 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100) 584:644 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 4 3 theme hydroxypropyl 584:596 arg1 HPMC 615:618 HPMC 615:618 HPMC 615:618 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 5 4 theme properties 742:751 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 6 5 theme HPMC 894:897 arg1 K100 899:902 HPMC K100 894:902 HPMC K100 894:902 The formulations prepared with HPMC K100 were discarded because of the fast erosion. 31446146 10 6 theme storage 1420:1426 arg1 months 1410:1415 3 months 1408:1415 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C 1408:1437 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 9 7 theme E5 1354:1355 arg1 ratio 1361:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 The formulation prepared by ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio was efficacious against S. aureus. 31446146 5 8 theme swelling 690:697 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 4 9 with grades 574:579 arg1 ion 556:558 calcium ion 548:558 calcium ion 548:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 9 10 theme 7/3 1357:1359 arg1 ratio 1361:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 The formulation prepared by ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio was efficacious against S. aureus. 31446146 7 11 theme w/w 1160:1162 arg1 % 1158:1158 10% w/w 1156:1162 10% w/w of protein 1156:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 11 theme w/w 1160:1162 arg1 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 2 12 theme protein 288:294 arg1 denaturation 296:307 the protein denaturation 284:307 the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form 284:370 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 4 13 theme methylcellulose 598:612 arg1 " 541:541 "cross-linked" 528:541 "cross-linked" with calcium ion 528:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 4 13 theme methylcellulose 598:612 arg1 grades 574:579 different grades 564:579 different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100) 564:644 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 5 14 theme erosion 702:708 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 5 15 dep activity 763:770 arg1 lysodeikticus 785:797 Micrococcus lysodeikticus 773:797 Micrococcus lysodeikticus 773:797 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 8 16 theme 1 1300:1300 arg1 % 1301:1301 % 1301:1301 % 1301:1301 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 7 17 theme ± 1074:1074 arg1 Units/mg 1081:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 17 theme ± 1074:1074 arg1 activity 1057:1064 lysozyme activity 1048:1064 lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) 1048:1089 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 9 18 theme ALG/HPMC 1345:1352 arg1 ratio 1361:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio 1345:1365 The formulation prepared by ALG/HPMC E5 7/3 ratio was efficacious against S. aureus. 31446146 7 19 contain containing 1138:1147 arg2 % 1150:1150 5% 1149:1150 5% 1149:1150 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 19 contain containing 1138:1147 arg2 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 19 contain containing 1138:1147 arg1 tablets 1130:1136 tablets 1130:1136 tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein 1130:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 19 contain containing 1138:1147 arg2 % 1158:1158 10% w/w 1156:1162 10% w/w of protein 1156:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 10 20 from months 1410:1415 arg1 3°C 1435:1437 5 ± 3°C 1431:1437 5 ± 3°C 1431:1437 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 0 21 theme Mucoadhesive 9:20 arg1 Tablets 22:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets 0:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets 0:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets Obtained by Freeze-Drying. 31446146 4 22 link cross-linked 529:540 arg1 " 541:541 "cross-linked" 528:541 "cross-linked" with calcium ion 528:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 7 23 theme protein 1167:1173 arg1 % 1158:1158 10% w/w 1156:1162 10% w/w of protein 1156:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 23 theme protein 1167:1173 arg1 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 protein 1167:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 23 theme protein 1167:1173 arg1 % 1150:1150 5% 1149:1150 5% 1149:1150 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 8 24 theme w/w 1303:1305 arg1 lysozyme 1307:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 3 25 theme mucoadhesive 432:443 arg1 tablets 445:451 lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets 423:451 lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets 423:451 This work demonstrates the feasibility to prepare lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets by freeze-drying. 31446146 0 26 theme Lysozyme 0:7 arg1 Tablets 22:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets 0:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets 0:28 Lysozyme Mucoadhesive Tablets Obtained by Freeze-Drying. 31446146 7 27 theme 78,311 1067:1072 arg1 Units/mg 1081:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 27 theme 78,311 1067:1072 arg1 activity 1057:1064 lysozyme activity 1048:1064 lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) 1048:1089 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 1 28 theme local 101:105 arg1 treatment 107:115 the local treatment 97:115 the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections 97:173 Lysozyme is particularly attractive for the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections. 31446146 7 29 theme tablets 1130:1136 arg1 case 1122:1125 the case 1118:1125 the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein 1118:1173 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 30 theme lysozyme 1048:1055 arg1 Units/mg 1081:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg 1067:1088 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 30 theme lysozyme 1048:1055 arg1 activity 1057:1064 lysozyme activity 1048:1064 lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) 1048:1089 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 4 31 with " 541:541 arg1 ion 556:558 calcium ion 548:558 calcium ion 548:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 5 32 theme drug 801:804 arg1 release 806:812 drug release 801:812 drug release 801:812 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 7 33 dep decreased 1105:1113 arg1 Units/mg 1183:1190 55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg 1176:1210 Units/mg 1183:1190 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 33 dep decreased 1105:1113 arg1 Units/mg 1203:1210 55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg 1176:1210 Units/mg 1203:1210 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 4 34 dep using 496:500 arg1 " 541:541 "cross-linked" 528:541 "cross-linked" with calcium ion 528:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 4 34 dep using 496:500 arg1 grades 574:579 different grades 564:579 different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100) 564:644 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 10 35 from decrease 1455:1462 arg1 activity 1476:1483 lysozyme activity 1467:1483 lysozyme activity 1467:1483 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 5 36 theme release 806:812 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 10 37 from 3°C 1435:1437 arg1 storage 1420:1426 storage 1420:1426 storage at 5 ± 3°C 1420:1437 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 10 37 from 3°C 1435:1437 arg1 months 1410:1415 3 months 1408:1415 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C 1408:1437 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 4 38 theme different 564:572 arg1 grades 574:579 different grades 564:579 different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100) 564:644 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 7 39 theme composition 1035:1045 arg1 6 h. 1013:1016 6 h. 1013:1016 6 h. 1013:1016 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 7 39 theme composition 1035:1045 arg1 composition 1035:1045 composition 1035:1045 composition 1035:1045 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 6 40 theme fast 934:937 arg1 erosion 939:945 the fast erosion 930:945 the fast erosion 930:945 The formulations prepared with HPMC K100 were discarded because of the fast erosion. 31446146 3 41 theme lysozyme 423:430 arg1 tablets 445:451 lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets 423:451 lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets 423:451 This work demonstrates the feasibility to prepare lysozyme mucoadhesive tablets by freeze-drying. 31446146 5 42 theme lysozyme 754:761 arg1 activity 763:770 lysozyme activity 754:770 lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus) 754:798 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 2 43 dep achieve 240:246 arg1 denaturation 296:307 the protein denaturation 284:307 the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form 284:370 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 2 43 dep achieve 240:246 arg1 swallowing 266:275 saliva swallowing 259:275 saliva swallowing 259:275 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 5 44 theme activity 763:770 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 4 45 theme cross-linked 529:540 arg1 " 541:541 "cross-linked" 528:541 "cross-linked" with calcium ion 528:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 4 46 dep E5 628:629 arg1 i.e. 622:625 i.e. 622:625 i.e. 622:625 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 8 47 theme % 1301:1301 arg1 lysozyme 1307:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 1% w/w lysozyme 1300:1314 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 1 48 theme oral 120:123 arg1 pathologies 125:135 oral pathologies 120:135 oral pathologies related to microbiological infections 120:173 Lysozyme is particularly attractive for the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections. 31446146 4 49 theme calcium 548:554 arg1 ion 556:558 calcium ion 548:558 calcium ion 548:558 Tablets were prepared by using alginate (ALG) physically "cross-linked" with calcium ion and different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (i.e., E5, E50, or K100). 31446146 7 50 theme sustained 981:989 arg1 release 991:997 a sustained release 979:997 a sustained release 979:997 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 1 51 theme pathologies 125:135 arg1 treatment 107:115 the local treatment 97:115 the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections 97:173 Lysozyme is particularly attractive for the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections. 31446146 5 52 dep swelling 690:697 arg1 behavior 710:717 behavior 710:717 behavior 710:717 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 2 53 theme release 216:222 arg1 requirement 189:199 the requirement 185:199 the requirement of a prolonged release 185:222 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 2 53 theme release 216:222 arg1 difficult 227:235 difficult 227:235 difficult 227:235 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 1 54 theme related 137:143 arg1 pathologies 125:135 oral pathologies 120:135 oral pathologies related to microbiological infections 120:173 Lysozyme is particularly attractive for the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections. 31446146 10 55 theme ± 1433:1433 arg1 3°C 1435:1437 5 ± 3°C 1431:1437 5 ± 3°C 1431:1437 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 2 56 theme prolonged 206:214 arg1 release 216:222 a prolonged release 204:222 a prolonged release 204:222 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 8 57 theme tablets 1281:1287 arg1 case 1273:1276 the case 1269:1276 the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme 1269:1314 Conversely, no modifications occurred in the case of tablets containing 1% w/w lysozyme. 31446146 10 58 theme lysozyme 1467:1474 arg1 activity 1476:1483 lysozyme activity 1467:1483 lysozyme activity 1467:1483 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 5 59 theme ability 818:824 arg1 terms 681:685 terms 681:685 terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus 681:860 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 2 60 theme saliva 259:264 arg1 swallowing 266:275 saliva swallowing 259:275 saliva swallowing 259:275 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 1 61 theme microbiological 148:162 arg1 infections 164:173 microbiological infections 148:173 microbiological infections 148:173 Lysozyme is particularly attractive for the local treatment of oral pathologies related to microbiological infections. 31446146 10 62 theme significant 1443:1453 arg1 decrease 1455:1462 no significant decrease 1440:1462 no significant decrease in lysozyme activity 1440:1483 After 3 months of storage at 5 ± 3°C, no significant decrease in lysozyme activity was observed. 31446146 5 63 theme in vitro 720:727 arg1 properties 742:751 in vitro mucoadhesive properties 720:751 in vitro mucoadhesive properties 720:751 The tablets were characterized in terms of swelling or erosion behavior, in vitro mucoadhesive properties, lysozyme activity (Micrococcus lysodeikticus), drug release and ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus. 31446146 7 64 theme other 952:956 arg1 formulations 958:969 All other formulations 948:969 All other formulations 948:969 All other formulations allowed a sustained release over at least 6 h. Independently of composition, lysozyme activity (78,311 ± 1873 Units/mg) significantly decreased in the case of tablets containing 5% and 10% w/w of protein (55,000 Units/mg and 33,000 Units/mg, respectively). 31446146 2 65 theme form 367:370 arg1 storage 347:353 storage 347:353 storage 347:353 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31446146 2 65 theme form 367:370 arg1 production 332:341 production 332:341 production 332:341 However, the requirement of a prolonged release is difficult to achieve because of saliva swallowing and of the protein denaturation which can occur during production and storage of a dosage form. 31494830 3 0 theme formulations 998:1009 arg1 bioactivity 977:987 the bioactivity 973:987 the bioactivity of these formulations 973:1009 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 4 1 dep paper 1028:1032 arg1 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 1 dep paper 1028:1032 arg1 supplements 1052:1062 different food supplements 1037:1062 this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) 1023:1067 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 2 2 theme other 691:695 arg1 components 697:706 other components 691:706 other components 691:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 3 theme food 595:598 arg1 supplements 600:610 as food supplements 592:610 as food supplements 592:610 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 3 theme food 595:598 arg1 They 531:534 They 531:534 They 531:534 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 7 4 theme insoluble 1757:1765 arg1 fraction 1767:1774 a certain insoluble fraction 1747:1774 a certain insoluble fraction 1747:1774 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 14 5 theme Open 2856:2859 arg1 fees 2868:2871 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees 2824:2871 fees 2868:2871 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees were funded by IBSA CH. 31494830 4 6 theme pharmaceutical 1138:1151 arg1 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 6 theme pharmaceutical 1138:1151 arg1 products 1159:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products 1134:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) 1134:1171 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 10 7 theme physiological 2403:2415 arg1 condition 2417:2425 the physiological condition 2399:2425 the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2399:2479 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 1 8 theme articular 458:466 arg1 surface 478:484 the articular cartilage surface 454:484 the articular cartilage surface 454:484 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 8 9 dep the 1981:1983 arg1 label 1985:1989 label 1985:1989 label 1985:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 13 10 theme graduate 2802:2809 arg1 technicians 2811:2821 graduate technicians 2802:2821 graduate technicians 2802:2821 Bioteknet financed two short-term grants for graduate technicians. 31494830 3 11 theme regulatory 760:769 arg1 controls 771:778 the strict regulatory controls 749:778 the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products 749:811 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 1 12 theme surface 478:484 arg1 restoration 439:449 the restoration 435:449 the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA) 435:528 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 2 13 dep extracts 638:645 arg1 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 13 dep extracts 638:645 arg1 extracts 638:645 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 13 dep extracts 638:645 arg1 acid 658:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 13 dep extracts 638:645 arg1 components 697:706 other components 691:706 other components 691:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 10 14 theme human 2433:2437 arg1 chondrocyte 2447:2457 OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2430:2479 chondrocyte 2447:2457 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 9 15 theme CS 2059:2060 arg1 concentration 2062:2074 the same CS concentration 2050:2074 the same CS concentration 2050:2074 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 1 16 theme other 394:398 arg1 guidelines 420:429 other European Union (EU) guidelines 394:429 other European Union (EU) guidelines 394:429 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 17 theme matrix 1666:1671 arg1 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 17 theme matrix 1666:1671 arg1 protein 1673:1679 oligomeric matrix protein 1655:1679 (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2) 1639:1688 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 5 18 from samples 1301:1307 arg1 origin 1275:1280 the origin 1271:1280 the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples 1271:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 5 18 from samples 1301:1307 arg1 purity 1248:1253 The purity 1244:1253 The purity 1244:1253 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 5 18 from samples 1301:1307 arg1 titer 1260:1264 the titer 1256:1264 the titer 1256:1264 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 3 19 theme grade 798:802 arg1 products 804:811 pharmaceutical grade products 783:811 pharmaceutical grade products 783:811 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 1 20 theme Union 409:413 arg1 guidelines 420:429 other European Union (EU) guidelines 394:429 other European Union (EU) guidelines 394:429 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 1 21 theme symptomatic 214:224 arg1 molecules 238:246 symptomatic slow-acting molecules 214:246 symptomatic slow-acting molecules 214:246 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 22 dep cartilage 1645:1653 arg1 iii 1640:1642 iii 1640:1642 iii 1640:1642 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 22 dep cartilage 1645:1653 arg1 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 22 dep cartilage 1645:1653 arg1 protein 1673:1679 oligomeric matrix protein 1655:1679 (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2) 1639:1688 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 8 23 dep 50 1927:1928 arg1 to 1924:1925 to 1924:1925 to 1924:1925 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 6 24 theme cartilage 1645:1653 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 25 theme analytical 1187:1196 arg1 approaches 1198:1207 updated analytical approaches 1179:1207 updated analytical approaches 1179:1207 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 10 26 theme synoviocyte 2463:2473 arg1 cells 2475:2479 OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2430:2479 cells 2475:2479 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 5 27 from titer 1260:1264 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 6 28 theme viability 1568:1576 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 1 29 theme Oral 141:144 arg1 supplementation 146:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation 128:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, 128:247 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 2 30 theme grade 573:577 arg1 They 531:534 They 531:534 They 531:534 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 30 theme grade 573:577 arg1 products 579:586 pharmaceutical grade products 558:586 pharmaceutical grade products 558:586 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 10 31 theme chondrocyte 2447:2457 arg1 condition 2417:2425 the physiological condition 2399:2425 the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2399:2479 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 31 theme chondrocyte 2447:2457 arg1 modulation 2308:2317 effective modulation 2298:2317 effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability 2298:2393 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 5 32 theme CS 1285:1286 arg1 origin 1275:1280 the origin 1271:1280 the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples 1271:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 5 32 theme CS 1285:1286 arg1 purity 1248:1253 The purity 1244:1253 The purity 1244:1253 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 5 32 theme CS 1285:1286 arg1 titer 1260:1264 the titer 1256:1264 the titer 1256:1264 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 11 33 theme them 2573:2576 arg1 them 2573:2576 them 2573:2576 them 2573:2576 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 11 33 theme them 2573:2576 arg1 3/10 2565:2568 3/10 2565:2568 3/10 2565:2568 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 10 34 theme grade 2270:2274 arg1 samples 2235:2241 all samples 2231:2241 all samples tested 2231:2248 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 34 theme grade 2270:2274 arg1 products 2276:2283 the pharmaceutical grade products 2251:2283 the pharmaceutical grade products 2251:2283 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 5 35 theme Ph 1291:1292 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 9 36 theme 7/10 2113:2116 arg1 FS 2118:2119 7/10 FS 2113:2119 7/10 FS 2113:2119 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 0 37 theme Chondroitin 71:81 arg1 Sulfate 83:89 Chondroitin Sulfate 71:89 Chondroitin Sulfate 71:89 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: Are Their Bioactivities Equivalent? 31494830 1 38 theme Osteoarthritis 338:351 arg1 Aspects 310:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects 288:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 288:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 1 39 theme sulfate 177:183 arg1 supplementation 146:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation 128:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, 128:247 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 40 dep viability 1568:1576 arg1 i 1560:1560 i 1560:1560 i 1560:1560 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 11 41 theme Ph 2601:2602 arg1 behavior 2611:2618 Ph sample behavior 2601:2618 Ph sample behavior 2601:2618 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 1 42 theme Musculoskeletal 357:371 arg1 ESCEO 383:387 ESCEO 383:387 ESCEO 383:387 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 1 42 theme Musculoskeletal 357:371 arg1 Diseases 373:380 Musculoskeletal Diseases 357:380 Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 357:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 43 theme pathway 1630:1636 arg1 activation 1584:1593 (ii) activation 1579:1593 (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway 1579:1636 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 43 theme pathway 1630:1636 arg1 viability 1568:1576 (i) cell viability 1559:1576 (i) cell viability 1559:1576 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 43 theme pathway 1630:1636 arg1 production 1706:1715 IL-8 production 1701:1715 IL-8 production 1701:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 43 theme pathway 1630:1636 arg1 IL-6 1691:1694 IL-6 1691:1694 IL-6 1691:1694 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 43 theme pathway 1630:1636 arg1 cartilage 1645:1653 (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2) 1639:1688 (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2) 1639:1688 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 44 theme IL-6 1691:1694 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 45 theme NF-κB-mediated 1602:1615 arg1 pathway 1630:1636 the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway 1598:1636 the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway 1598:1636 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 10 46 theme primary 2439:2445 arg1 chondrocyte 2447:2457 OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2430:2479 chondrocyte 2447:2457 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 11 47 theme sample 2604:2609 arg1 behavior 2611:2618 Ph sample behavior 2601:2618 Ph sample behavior 2601:2618 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 2 48 theme hyaluronic 647:656 arg1 acid 658:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 48 theme hyaluronic 647:656 arg1 extracts 638:645 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 0 49 theme Food 43:46 arg1 Supplements 48:58 Food Supplements 43:58 Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate 43:89 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: Are Their Bioactivities Equivalent? 31494830 8 50 theme glycosaminoglycan 1944:1960 arg1 amount 1962:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount 1934:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1934:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 4 51 theme food 1047:1050 arg1 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 51 theme food 1047:1050 arg1 supplements 1052:1062 different food supplements 1037:1062 this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) 1023:1067 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 52 theme cell-based 1225:1234 arg1 assays 1236:1241 biochemical cell-based assays 1213:1241 biochemical cell-based assays 1213:1241 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 0 53 theme Comparative 0:10 arg1 Analyses 12:19 Comparative Analyses 0:19 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: 0:90 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: Are Their Bioactivities Equivalent? 31494830 7 54 theme 9/10 1843:1846 arg1 samples 1857:1863 9/10 and 8/10 samples 1843:1863 9/10 and 8/10 samples 1843:1863 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 10 55 theme biomarkers 2322:2331 arg1 condition 2417:2425 the physiological condition 2399:2425 the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2399:2479 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 55 theme biomarkers 2322:2331 arg1 modulation 2308:2317 effective modulation 2298:2317 effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability 2298:2393 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 5 56 theme FS 1298:1299 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 11 57 theme tested 2533:2538 arg1 concentrations 2540:2553 the tested concentrations 2529:2553 the tested concentrations 2529:2553 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 14 58 theme IBSA 2888:2891 arg1 CH 2893:2894 IBSA CH 2888:2894 IBSA CH 2888:2894 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees were funded by IBSA CH. 31494830 9 59 theme inflammatory 2190:2201 arg1 cytokines 2203:2211 secreted inflammatory cytokines 2181:2211 secreted inflammatory cytokines 2181:2211 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 6 60 theme food 1396:1399 arg1 supplements 1401:1411 food supplements 1396:1411 food supplements 1396:1411 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 1 61 theme Osteoporosis 321:332 arg1 Aspects 310:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects 288:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 288:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 62 theme production 1706:1715 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 63 theme CS 1488:1489 arg1 concentration 1491:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 64 from METHODS 1012:1018 arg1 paper 1028:1032 this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) 1023:1067 this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) 1023:1067 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 6 65 dep tested 1450:1455 arg1 using 1467:1471 using 1467:1471 using 1467:1471 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 11 66 theme most 2503:2506 arg1 FS 2508:2509 most FS 2503:2509 most FS 2503:2509 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 9 67 theme Primary 1992:1998 arg1 cells 2000:2004 Primary cells 1992:2004 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium 1992:2088 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 6 68 theme same 1477:1480 arg1 concentration 1491:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 7 69 theme certain 1749:1755 arg1 fraction 1767:1774 a certain insoluble fraction 1747:1774 a certain insoluble fraction 1747:1774 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 11 70 from contrast 2485:2492 arg1 cytotoxic 2516:2524 cytotoxic 2516:2524 cytotoxic 2516:2524 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 1 71 from restoration 439:449 arg1 patients 489:496 patients 489:496 patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA) 489:528 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 4 72 theme diverse 1074:1080 arg1 countries 1091:1099 diverse European countries 1074:1099 diverse European countries 1074:1099 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 3 73 theme Food 709:712 arg1 supplements 714:724 Food supplements 709:724 Food supplements 709:724 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 14 74 theme Access 2861:2866 arg1 fees 2868:2871 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees 2824:2871 fees 2868:2871 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees were funded by IBSA CH. 31494830 13 75 theme short-term 2780:2789 arg1 grants 2791:2796 two short-term grants 2776:2796 two short-term grants for graduate technicians 2776:2821 Bioteknet financed two short-term grants for graduate technicians. 31494830 2 76 theme as 592:593 arg1 supplements 600:610 as food supplements 592:610 as food supplements 592:610 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 76 theme as 592:593 arg1 They 531:534 They 531:534 They 531:534 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 5 77 from origin 1275:1280 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 4 78 theme grade 1153:1157 arg1 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 78 theme grade 1153:1157 arg1 products 1159:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products 1134:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) 1134:1171 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 0 79 theme Supplements 48:58 arg1 Analyses 12:19 Comparative Analyses 0:19 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: 0:90 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: Are Their Bioactivities Equivalent? 31494830 2 80 theme plant 632:636 arg1 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 80 theme plant 632:636 arg1 acid 658:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 80 theme plant 632:636 arg1 extracts 638:645 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 7 81 dep RESULTS 1718:1724 arg1 presented 1737:1745 presented 1737:1745 presented a certain insoluble fraction 1737:1774 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 14 82 theme Rapid 2838:2842 arg1 Service 2844:2850 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees 2824:2871 Service 2844:2850 The journal's Rapid Service and Open Access fees were funded by IBSA CH. 31494830 1 83 theme cartilage 468:476 arg1 surface 478:484 the articular cartilage surface 454:484 the articular cartilage surface 454:484 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 1 84 theme glucosamine 194:204 arg1 supplementation 146:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation 128:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, 128:247 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 9 85 theme same 2054:2057 arg1 concentration 2062:2074 the same CS concentration 2050:2074 the same CS concentration 2050:2074 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 2 86 with combination 615:625 arg1 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 methylsulfonylmethane 664:684 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 86 with combination 615:625 arg1 acid 658:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 hyaluronic acid 647:661 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 86 with combination 615:625 arg1 extracts 638:645 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components 632:706 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 5 87 from CS 1285:1286 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 10 88 theme OA 2430:2431 arg1 chondrocyte 2447:2457 OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2430:2479 chondrocyte 2447:2457 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 3 89 theme strict 753:758 arg1 controls 771:778 the strict regulatory controls 749:778 the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products 749:811 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 6 90 theme oligomeric 1655:1664 arg1 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 COMP-2 1682:1687 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 90 theme oligomeric 1655:1664 arg1 protein 1673:1679 oligomeric matrix protein 1655:1679 (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2) 1639:1688 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 3 91 theme products 804:811 arg1 controls 771:778 the strict regulatory controls 749:778 the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products 749:811 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 7 92 theme CS 1781:1782 arg1 contents 1797:1804 the CS and the GlcN contents 1777:1804 the CS and the GlcN contents 1777:1804 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 7 93 theme GlcN 1792:1795 arg1 contents 1797:1804 the CS and the GlcN contents 1777:1804 the CS and the GlcN contents 1777:1804 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 1 94 theme INTRODUCTION 128:139 arg1 supplementation 146:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation 128:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, 128:247 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 4 95 theme biochemical 1213:1223 arg1 assays 1236:1241 biochemical cell-based assays 1213:1241 biochemical cell-based assays 1213:1241 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 3 96 theme pharmaceutical 783:796 arg1 products 804:811 pharmaceutical grade products 783:811 pharmaceutical grade products 783:811 Food supplements do not need to undergo the strict regulatory controls of pharmaceutical grade products; thus, composition and contaminants that could be present may not be evidenced before commercialization and these uncertainties may give rise to concerns about the bioactivity of these formulations. 31494830 5 97 from purity 1248:1253 arg1 samples 1301:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 Ph and FS samples 1291:1307 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 6 98 theme cell 1563:1566 arg1 viability 1568:1576 (i) cell viability 1559:1576 (i) cell viability 1559:1576 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 99 from countries 1091:1099 arg1 METHODS 1012:1018 METHODS 1012:1018 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries 1012:1099 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 2 100 theme pharmaceutical 558:571 arg1 They 531:534 They 531:534 They 531:534 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 2 100 theme pharmaceutical 558:571 arg1 products 579:586 pharmaceutical grade products 558:586 pharmaceutical grade products 558:586 They are commercialized as pharmaceutical grade products and as food supplements in combination with plant extracts hyaluronic acid, methylsulfonylmethane, and other components. 31494830 6 101 theme primary 1509:1515 arg1 chondrocytes 1517:1528 primary chondrocytes 1509:1528 primary chondrocytes 1509:1528 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 1 102 theme chondroitin 165:175 arg1 sulfate 177:183 chondroitin sulfate 165:183 chondroitin sulfate (CS) 165:188 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 1 102 theme chondroitin 165:175 arg1 CS 186:187 CS 186:187 CS 186:187 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 10 103 theme pharmaceutical 2255:2268 arg1 samples 2235:2241 all samples 2231:2241 all samples tested 2231:2248 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 103 theme pharmaceutical 2255:2268 arg1 products 2276:2283 the pharmaceutical grade products 2251:2283 the pharmaceutical grade products 2251:2283 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 6 104 theme IL-8 1701:1704 arg1 production 1706:1715 IL-8 production 1701:1715 IL-8 production 1701:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 105 theme updated 1179:1185 arg1 approaches 1198:1207 updated analytical approaches 1179:1207 updated analytical approaches 1179:1207 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 1 106 theme slow-acting 226:236 arg1 molecules 238:246 symptomatic slow-acting molecules 214:246 symptomatic slow-acting molecules 214:246 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 8 107 theme keratan 1897:1903 arg1 KS 1914:1915 KS 1914:1915 KS 1914:1915 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 107 theme keratan 1897:1903 arg1 sulfate 1905:1911 keratan sulfate 1897:1911 keratan sulfate (KS) 1897:1916 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 10 108 theme cells 2475:2479 arg1 condition 2417:2425 the physiological condition 2399:2425 the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells 2399:2479 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 108 theme cells 2475:2479 arg1 modulation 2308:2317 effective modulation 2298:2317 effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability 2298:2393 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 1 109 theme Diseases 373:380 arg1 Aspects 310:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects 288:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 288:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 6 110 theme inflammation 1617:1628 arg1 pathway 1630:1636 the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway 1598:1636 the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway 1598:1636 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 111 from synoviocytes 1534:1545 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 10 112 theme effective 2298:2306 arg1 modulation 2308:2317 effective modulation 2298:2317 effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability 2298:2393 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 113 dep biomarkers 2322:2331 arg1 counteracting 2333:2345 counteracting 2333:2345 counteracting the inflammation status 2333:2369 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 10 113 dep biomarkers 2322:2331 arg1 improving 2375:2383 improving 2375:2383 improving viability 2375:2393 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 8 114 theme amount 1962:1967 arg1 amount 1962:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount 1934:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1934:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 114 theme amount 1962:1967 arg1 % 1929:1929 up to 50% 1921:1929 up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1921:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 11 115 from concentrations 2540:2553 arg1 cytotoxic 2516:2524 cytotoxic 2516:2524 cytotoxic 2516:2524 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 6 116 theme activation 1584:1593 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg1 amount 1962:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount 1934:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1934:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg2 FS 1884:1885 All FS 1880:1885 All FS 1880:1885 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg1 % 1929:1929 up to 50% 1921:1929 up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1921:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg1 FS 1884:1885 All FS 1880:1885 All FS 1880:1885 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg2 KS 1914:1915 KS 1914:1915 KS 1914:1915 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 8 117 contain contained 1887:1895 arg2 sulfate 1905:1911 keratan sulfate 1897:1911 keratan sulfate (KS) 1897:1916 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 6 118 dep activation 1584:1593 arg1 ii 1580:1581 ii 1580:1581 ii 1580:1581 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 119 theme different 1037:1045 arg1 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 FS 1065:1066 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 119 theme different 1037:1045 arg1 supplements 1052:1062 different food supplements 1037:1062 this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) 1023:1067 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 0 120 theme Pharmaceuticals 24:38 arg1 Analyses 12:19 Comparative Analyses 0:19 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: 0:90 Comparative Analyses of Pharmaceuticals or Food Supplements Containing Chondroitin Sulfate: Are Their Bioactivities Equivalent? 31494830 1 121 theme Clinical 288:295 arg1 Aspects 310:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects 288:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 288:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 7 122 theme declared 1826:1833 arg1 ones 1835:1838 the declared ones 1822:1838 the declared ones 1822:1838 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 6 123 from chondrocytes 1517:1528 arg1 terms 1550:1554 terms 1550:1554 terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production 1550:1715 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 6 124 theme pharmaceutical 1417:1430 arg1 formulations 1432:1443 pharmaceutical formulations 1417:1443 pharmaceutical formulations 1417:1443 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 1 125 theme Economic 301:308 arg1 Aspects 310:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects 288:316 Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) 288:388 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31494830 11 126 from cytotoxic 2516:2524 arg1 contrast 2485:2492 contrast 2485:2492 contrast to that 2485:2500 In contrast to that, most FS were cytotoxic at the tested concentrations, and only 3/10 of them showed similarities to Ph sample behavior in vitro. 31494830 9 127 from cytotoxicity 2097:2108 arg1 FS 2118:2119 7/10 FS 2113:2119 7/10 FS 2113:2119 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 5 128 theme biological 1370:1379 arg1 function 1381:1388 the biological function 1366:1388 the biological function 1366:1388 The purity, the titer, and the origin of CS in Ph and FS samples were initially assessed in order to successively compare the biological function. 31494830 9 129 theme secreted 2181:2188 arg1 cytokines 2203:2211 secreted inflammatory cytokines 2181:2211 secreted inflammatory cytokines 2181:2211 Primary cells treated with the samples diluted to present the same CS concentration in the medium showed cytotoxicity in 7/10 FS while Ph preserved viability and reduced NF-κB, COMP-2, and secreted inflammatory cytokines. 31494830 8 130 theme total 1938:1942 arg1 amount 1962:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount 1934:1967 the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label 1934:1989 All FS contained keratan sulfate (KS) at up to 50% of the total glycosaminoglycan amount declared on the label. 31494830 10 131 theme inflammation 2351:2362 arg1 status 2364:2369 the inflammation status 2347:2369 the inflammation status 2347:2369 CONCLUSION Among all samples tested, the pharmaceutical grade products demonstrated effective modulation of biomarkers counteracting the inflammation status and improving viability and the physiological condition of OA human primary chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells. 31494830 7 132 theme 8/10 1852:1855 arg1 samples 1857:1863 9/10 and 8/10 samples 1843:1863 9/10 and 8/10 samples 1843:1863 RESULTS All the FS presented a certain insoluble fraction; the CS and the GlcN contents were lower than the declared ones in 9/10 and 8/10 samples, respectively. 31494830 4 133 with comparison 1118:1127 arg1 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 Ph 1169:1170 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 4 133 with comparison 1118:1127 arg1 products 1159:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products 1134:1166 two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) 1134:1171 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 6 134 dep using 1467:1471 arg1 in 1457:1458 in 1457:1458 in 1457:1458 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 4 135 theme European 1082:1089 arg1 countries 1091:1099 diverse European countries 1074:1099 diverse European countries 1074:1099 METHODS In this paper 10 different food supplements (FS) from diverse European countries were analyzed in comparison with two pharmaceutical grade products (Ph) using updated analytical approaches and biochemical cell-based assays. 31494830 6 136 theme final 1482:1486 arg1 concentration 1491:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 the same final CS concentration 1473:1503 Both food supplements and pharmaceutical formulations were tested in vitro, using the same final CS concentration, on primary chondrocytes and synoviocytes in terms of (i) cell viability, (ii) activation of the NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway, (iii) cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP-2), IL-6, and IL-8 production. 31494830 1 137 theme molecules 238:246 arg1 supplementation 146:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation 128:160 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, 128:247 INTRODUCTION Oral supplementation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN), symptomatic slow-acting molecules, is recommended by European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and other European Union (EU) guidelines for the restoration of the articular cartilage surface in patients affected by osteoarthritis (OA). 31730971 7 0 theme apple 1237:1241 arg1 fruit 1243:1247 apple fruit 1237:1247 apple fruit 1237:1247 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 0 1 with film 36:39 arg1 extract 59:65 banana peels extract 46:65 banana peels extract 46:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 5 2 from permeability 849:860 arg1 contents 806:813 moisture contents 797:813 moisture contents 797:813 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 8 3 theme composite 1318:1326 arg1 film 1328:1331 CS-BPE composite film 1311:1331 CS-BPE composite film 1311:1331 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 4 4 theme CS-BPE 672:677 arg1 films 679:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 4 theme CS-BPE 672:677 arg1 properties 637:646 The physical and mechanical properties 609:646 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS 609:666 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 4 theme CS-BPE 672:677 arg1 well 702:705 well 702:705 well 702:705 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 3 5 theme CS 386:387 arg1 films 426:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 1 6 theme BPE 217:219 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 7 7 theme optimal 1044:1050 arg1 concentration 1052:1064 the optimal concentration 1040:1064 the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment 1040:1092 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 8 8 theme CS-BPE 1311:1316 arg1 film 1328:1331 CS-BPE composite film 1311:1331 CS-BPE composite film 1311:1331 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 5 9 theme water 816:820 arg1 solubility 822:831 water solubility 816:831 water solubility 816:831 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 7 10 theme fruit 1243:1247 arg1 quality 1226:1232 the postharvest quality 1210:1232 the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating 1210:1263 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 6 11 theme CS-BPE 939:944 arg1 film 956:959 the CS-BPE composite film 935:959 the CS-BPE composite film 935:959 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 3 12 dep transform 498:506 arg1 infrared 508:515 infrared 508:515 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 498:606 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 4 13 theme composite 726:734 arg1 film 736:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 3 14 theme diffraction 544:554 arg1 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 14 theme diffraction 544:554 arg1 analysis 556:563 X-ray diffraction analysis 538:563 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 538:569 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 15 theme CS-8 401:404 arg1 % 405:405 % 405:405 % 405:405 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 1 16 theme composite 222:230 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 8 17 theme film 1328:1331 arg1 nature 1301:1306 the promising nature 1287:1306 the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating 1287:1343 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 3 18 theme % 394:394 arg1 BPE 396:398 CS-4% BPE 390:398 CS-4% BPE 390:398 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 1 19 theme present 150:156 arg1 study 158:162 the present study 146:162 the present study 146:162 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 5 20 theme reduced 901:907 arg1 hydrophilicity 909:922 the reduced hydrophilicity 897:922 the reduced hydrophilicity 897:922 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 6 21 theme composite 946:954 arg1 film 956:959 the CS-BPE composite film 935:959 the CS-BPE composite film 935:959 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 3 22 theme BPE 396:398 arg1 films 426:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 23 theme X-ray 538:542 arg1 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 XRD 566:568 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 23 theme X-ray 538:542 arg1 analysis 556:563 X-ray diffraction analysis 538:563 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 538:569 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 7 24 theme coating 1076:1082 arg1 treatment 1084:1092 CS-BPE coating treatment 1069:1092 CS-BPE coating treatment 1069:1092 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 7 25 theme postharvest 1214:1224 arg1 quality 1226:1232 the postharvest quality 1210:1232 the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating 1210:1263 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 5 26 from decline 786:792 arg1 contents 806:813 moisture contents 797:813 moisture contents 797:813 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 8 27 theme desirable 1350:1358 arg1 alternative 1360:1370 a desirable alternative 1348:1370 a desirable alternative for active packaging 1348:1391 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 2 28 dep BPE 277:279 arg1 % 283:283 4% 282:283 4% 282:283 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 28 dep BPE 277:279 arg1 % 287:287 8% 286:287 8% 286:287 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 28 dep BPE 277:279 arg1 % 295:295 12% 293:295 12% 293:295 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 8 29 theme promising 1291:1299 arg1 nature 1301:1306 the promising nature 1287:1306 the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating 1287:1343 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 0 30 theme chitosan 27:34 arg1 film 36:39 antioxidant chitosan film 15:39 antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract 15:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 6 31 theme food 1015:1018 arg1 simulants 1020:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 0 32 theme storage 117:123 arg1 quality 125:131 the storage quality 113:131 the storage quality of apple 113:140 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 8 33 theme active 1376:1381 arg1 packaging 1383:1391 active packaging 1376:1391 active packaging 1376:1391 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 2 34 theme different 256:264 arg1 cross-linking 367:379 the cross-linking 363:379 the cross-linking 363:379 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 34 theme different 256:264 arg1 antioxidant 339:349 the antioxidant 335:349 the antioxidant 335:349 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 34 theme different 256:264 arg1 content 266:272 The different content 252:272 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) 252:296 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 5 35 from solubility 822:831 arg1 contents 806:813 moisture contents 797:813 moisture contents 797:813 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 2 36 theme CS 315:316 arg1 film 318:321 the CS film 311:321 the CS film 311:321 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 0 37 theme antioxidant 15:25 arg1 film 36:39 antioxidant chitosan film 15:39 antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract 15:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 6 38 theme antioxidant 981:991 arg1 activity 993:1000 excellent antioxidant activity 971:1000 excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants 971:1028 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 4 39 theme % 721:721 arg1 film 736:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 3 40 theme BPE 407:409 arg1 films 426:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 4 41 theme BPE 722:724 arg1 film 736:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 the CS-4 %BPE composite film 712:739 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 5 42 theme CS-BPE 865:870 arg1 film 882:885 CS-BPE composite film 865:885 CS-BPE composite film 865:885 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 4 43 theme mechanical 626:635 arg1 films 679:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 43 theme mechanical 626:635 arg1 properties 637:646 The physical and mechanical properties 609:646 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS 609:666 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 43 theme mechanical 626:635 arg1 well 702:705 well 702:705 well 702:705 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 6 44 theme different 1005:1013 arg1 simulants 1020:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 0 45 theme film 36:39 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract 0:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 0 45 theme film 36:39 arg1 application 75:85 its application 71:85 its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple 71:140 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 3 46 dep fourier 490:496 arg1 transform 498:506 transform 498:506 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 498:606 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 5 47 theme composite 872:880 arg1 film 882:885 CS-BPE composite film 865:885 CS-BPE composite film 865:885 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 0 48 theme peels 53:57 arg1 extract 59:65 banana peels extract 46:65 banana peels extract 46:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 8 49 theme coating 1337:1343 arg1 nature 1301:1306 the promising nature 1287:1306 the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating 1287:1343 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 5 50 theme film 882:885 arg1 permeability 849:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 5 50 theme film 882:885 arg1 decline 786:792 The decline 782:792 The decline in moisture contents 782:813 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 5 50 theme film 882:885 arg1 solubility 822:831 water solubility 816:831 water solubility 816:831 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 3 51 theme % 420:420 arg1 films 426:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 7 52 theme CS 1254:1255 arg1 coating 1257:1263 CS coating 1254:1263 CS coating 1254:1263 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 8 53 theme banana 1444:1449 arg1 by-products 1456:1466 banana peel by-products 1444:1466 banana peel by-products for allied applications 1444:1490 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 0 54 theme banana 46:51 arg1 extract 59:65 banana peels extract 46:65 banana peels extract 46:65 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 3 55 theme thermogravimetric 575:591 arg1 analysis 593:600 thermogravimetric analysis 575:600 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 575:606 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 55 theme thermogravimetric 575:591 arg1 TGA 603:605 TGA 603:605 TGA 603:605 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 0 56 theme apple 136:140 arg1 quality 125:131 the storage quality 113:131 the storage quality of apple 113:140 Development of antioxidant chitosan film with banana peels extract and its application as coating in maintaining the storage quality of apple. 31730971 3 57 theme BPE 422:424 arg1 films 426:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films 382:430 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 8 58 theme by-products 1456:1466 arg1 valorization 1428:1439 valorization 1428:1439 valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications 1428:1490 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 5 59 theme moisture 797:804 arg1 contents 806:813 moisture contents 797:813 moisture contents 797:813 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 8 60 theme peel 1451:1454 arg1 by-products 1456:1466 banana peel by-products 1444:1466 banana peel by-products for allied applications 1444:1490 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 5 61 theme water 837:841 arg1 permeability 849:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 3 62 theme scanning 454:461 arg1 SEM 484:486 SEM 484:486 SEM 484:486 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 62 theme scanning 454:461 arg1 fourier 490:496 fourier 490:496 fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 490:606 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 62 theme scanning 454:461 arg1 microscopy 472:481 scanning electron microscopy 454:481 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 454:487 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 7 63 theme treatment 1084:1092 arg1 concentration 1052:1064 the optimal concentration 1040:1064 the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment 1040:1092 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 3 64 theme % 405:405 arg1 BPE 407:409 CS-8% BPE 401:409 CS-8% BPE 401:409 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 6 65 theme excellent 971:979 arg1 activity 993:1000 excellent antioxidant activity 971:1000 excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants 971:1028 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 5 66 theme vapor 843:847 arg1 permeability 849:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 water vapor permeability 837:860 The decline in moisture contents, water solubility and water vapor permeability of CS-BPE composite film indicated the reduced hydrophilicity. 31730971 3 67 theme electron 463:470 arg1 SEM 484:486 SEM 484:486 SEM 484:486 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 67 theme electron 463:470 arg1 fourier 490:496 fourier 490:496 fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 490:606 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 3 67 theme electron 463:470 arg1 microscopy 472:481 scanning electron microscopy 454:481 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 454:487 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 2 68 theme BPE 277:279 arg1 cross-linking 367:379 the cross-linking 363:379 the cross-linking 363:379 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 68 theme BPE 277:279 arg1 antioxidant 339:349 the antioxidant 335:349 the antioxidant 335:349 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 2 68 theme BPE 277:279 arg1 content 266:272 The different content 252:272 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) 252:296 The different content of BPE (4%, 8% and 12%) was added to the CS film not only as the antioxidant but also as the cross-linking. 31730971 8 69 theme allied 1472:1477 arg1 applications 1479:1490 allied applications 1472:1490 allied applications 1472:1490 This study evidences the promising nature of CS-BPE composite film and coating as a desirable alternative for active packaging and it is believed as conducive to valorization of banana peel by-products for allied applications. 31730971 1 70 theme -banana 194:200 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 4 71 theme excellent 760:768 arg1 properties 770:779 the most excellent properties 751:779 the most excellent properties 751:779 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 72 theme CS-4 716:719 arg1 % 721:721 % 721:721 % 721:721 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 73 theme physical 613:620 arg1 films 679:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 CS-BPE films 672:683 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 73 theme physical 613:620 arg1 properties 637:646 The physical and mechanical properties 609:646 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS 609:666 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 4 73 theme physical 613:620 arg1 well 702:705 well 702:705 well 702:705 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 1 74 theme antioxidant 169:179 arg1 chitosan 181:188 the antioxidant chitosan 165:188 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 1 74 theme antioxidant 169:179 arg1 CS 191:192 CS 191:192 CS 191:192 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 7 75 theme CS-BPE 1069:1074 arg1 treatment 1084:1092 CS-BPE coating treatment 1069:1092 CS-BPE coating treatment 1069:1092 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 7 76 theme apple 1124:1128 arg1 fruit 1130:1134 apple fruit 1124:1134 apple fruit 1124:1134 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 1 77 theme peels 202:206 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 4 78 theme most 755:758 arg1 properties 770:779 the most excellent properties 751:779 the most excellent properties 751:779 The physical and mechanical properties possessed by the CS and CS-BPE films were compared as well, and the CS-4 %BPE composite film exhibited the most excellent properties. 31730971 7 79 theme CS-BPE 1165:1170 arg1 coating 1172:1178 CS-BPE coating 1165:1178 CS-BPE coating 1165:1178 Finally, the optimal concentration of CS-BPE coating treatment was identified and applied to apple fruit, and the results showed that CS-BPE coating was more capable of improving the postharvest quality of apple fruit than CS coating. 31730971 1 80 dep chitosan 181:188 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 31730971 3 81 theme CS-4 390:393 arg1 % 394:394 % 394:394 % 394:394 The CS, CS-4% BPE, CS-8% BPE and CS-12% BPE films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 31730971 6 82 from activity 993:1000 arg1 simulants 1020:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 different food simulants 1005:1028 Moreover, the CS-BPE composite film exhibited excellent antioxidant activity in different food simulants. 31730971 1 83 theme extract 208:214 arg1 film 232:235 -banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 194:235 the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film 165:235 In the present study, the antioxidant chitosan (CS)-banana peels extract (BPE) composite film was developed. 30771395 0 0 theme drug 116:119 arg1 carrier 121:127 a drug carrier 114:127 a drug carrier 114:127 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 5 1 theme calcium 797:803 arg1 carbonate 805:813 calcium carbonate 797:813 calcium carbonate crystal 797:821 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 2 theme crystal 705:711 arg1 form 713:716 The crystal form 701:716 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA 701:749 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 2 theme crystal 705:711 arg1 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 6 3 theme vaterite 899:906 arg1 form 939:942 a stable form 930:942 a stable form 930:942 On the other hand, the shell fabricated with PGlu was composed mainly with vaterite crystal, which is not a stable form. 30771395 6 3 theme vaterite 899:906 arg1 crystal 908:914 vaterite crystal 899:914 vaterite crystal 899:914 On the other hand, the shell fabricated with PGlu was composed mainly with vaterite crystal, which is not a stable form. 30771395 2 4 theme chitosan 423:430 arg1 particles 432:440 the chitosan particles 419:440 the chitosan particles 419:440 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 8 5 theme various 1129:1135 arg1 conditions 1140:1149 various pH conditions 1129:1149 various pH conditions 1129:1149 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 5 6 theme carbonate 805:813 arg1 crystal 815:821 calcium carbonate crystal 797:821 calcium carbonate crystal 797:821 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 4 7 theme polyacrylic 590:600 arg1 PAA 608:610 PAA 608:610 PAA 608:610 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 4 7 theme polyacrylic 590:600 arg1 acid 602:605 polyacrylic acid 590:605 polyacrylic acid (PAA) 590:611 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 10 8 theme drug-carrying 1482:1494 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 8 theme drug-carrying 1482:1494 arg1 microcapsule 1496:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 7 9 theme molecules 965:973 arg1 Types 945:949 Types 945:949 Types of the binder molecules 945:973 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 10 10 theme core-shell 1316:1325 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 10 theme core-shell 1316:1325 arg1 microcapsule 1496:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 10 theme core-shell 1316:1325 arg1 product 1399:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product 1364:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials 1364:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 8 11 theme Drug 1040:1043 arg1 behavior 1053:1060 Drug release behavior 1040:1060 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1040:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 9 12 theme drug 1204:1207 arg1 release 1209:1215 drug release 1204:1215 drug release 1204:1215 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 7 13 theme crystal 990:996 arg1 structure 998:1006 the crystal structure 986:1006 the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell 986:1037 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 4 14 theme binder 644:649 arg1 process 561:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 4 14 theme binder 644:649 arg1 molecules 651:659 binder molecules 644:659 binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan 644:698 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 10 15 used used 1466:1469 arg2 product 1399:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product 1364:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials 1364:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 15 used used 1466:1469 arg2 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 15 used used 1466:1469 arg2 microcapsule 1496:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 4 16 theme fabrication 549:559 arg1 process 561:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 4 16 theme fabrication 549:559 arg1 molecules 651:659 binder molecules 644:659 binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan 644:698 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 8 17 theme release 1045:1051 arg1 behavior 1053:1060 Drug release behavior 1040:1060 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1040:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 4 18 theme shell 543:547 arg1 process 561:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process 539:567 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 4 18 theme shell 543:547 arg1 molecules 651:659 binder molecules 644:659 binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan 644:698 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 6 19 theme other 831:835 arg1 hand 837:840 the other hand 827:840 the other hand 827:840 On the other hand, the shell fabricated with PGlu was composed mainly with vaterite crystal, which is not a stable form. 30771395 10 20 theme friendly 1383:1390 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 20 theme friendly 1383:1390 arg1 product 1399:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product 1364:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials 1364:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 1 21 theme biomineralization-inspired 220:245 arg1 process 247:253 a biomineralization-inspired process 218:253 a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials 218:299 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 5 22 theme stable 782:787 arg1 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 22 theme stable 782:787 arg1 form 789:792 the most stable form 773:792 the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal 773:821 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 23 theme crystal 815:821 arg1 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 23 theme crystal 815:821 arg1 form 789:792 the most stable form 773:792 the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal 773:821 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 10 24 theme environmentally 1367:1381 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 24 theme environmentally 1367:1381 arg1 product 1399:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product 1364:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials 1364:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 3 25 theme XRD 443:445 arg1 measurement 447:457 XRD measurement 443:457 XRD measurement 443:457 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 8 26 theme drug-introduced 1075:1089 arg1 particles 1102:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 3 27 theme composite 491:499 arg1 particle 501:508 the composite particle 487:508 the composite particle 487:508 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 0 28 theme Biomineralization-inspired 0:25 arg1 fabrication 27:37 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication 0:37 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 0:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 4 29 theme polyglutamic 616:627 arg1 PGlu 635:638 PGlu 635:638 PGlu 635:638 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 4 29 theme polyglutamic 616:627 arg1 acid 629:632 polyglutamic acid 616:632 polyglutamic acid (PGlu) 616:639 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30771395 8 30 theme model 1069:1073 arg1 particles 1102:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 9 31 theme crystal 1230:1236 arg1 form 1238:1241 the crystal form 1226:1241 the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell 1226:1272 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 2 32 theme particles 385:393 arg1 diameter 359:366 the diameter 355:366 the diameter of the composite particles 355:393 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 2 32 theme particles 385:393 arg1 larger 399:404 larger 399:404 larger 399:404 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 1 33 theme chitosan 260:267 arg1 particles 269:277 chitosan particles 260:277 chitosan particles as starting materials 260:299 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 0 34 theme chitosan/calcium 42:57 arg1 composite 86:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 8 35 theme particles 1102:1110 arg1 behavior 1053:1060 Drug release behavior 1040:1060 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1040:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 7 36 theme binder 958:963 arg1 molecules 965:973 the binder molecules 954:973 the binder molecules 954:973 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 2 37 theme composite 375:383 arg1 particles 385:393 the composite particles 371:393 the composite particles 371:393 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 10 38 theme novel 1476:1480 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 38 theme novel 1476:1480 arg1 microcapsule 1496:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 a novel drug-carrying microcapsule 1474:1507 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 8 39 theme core-shell 1091:1100 arg1 particles 1102:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 the model drug-introduced core-shell particles 1065:1110 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 1 40 theme carbonate 147:155 arg1 microparticles 183:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 0 41 theme core-shell 70:79 arg1 composite 86:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 3 42 theme crystalline 516:526 arg1 structure 528:536 a crystalline structure 514:536 a crystalline structure 514:536 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 2 43 theme composite 315:323 arg1 spherical 340:348 spherical 340:348 spherical 340:348 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 2 43 theme composite 315:323 arg1 particles 325:333 The obtained composite particles 302:333 The obtained composite particles 302:333 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 3 44 theme particle 501:508 arg1 shell 478:482 the shell 474:482 the shell of the composite particle 474:508 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 1 45 theme starting 282:289 arg1 materials 291:299 starting materials 282:299 starting materials 282:299 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 0 46 theme carbonates 59:68 arg1 composite 86:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 9 47 theme calcium 1250:1256 arg1 shell 1268:1272 the calcium carbonate shell 1246:1272 the calcium carbonate shell 1246:1272 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 2 48 theme obtained 306:313 arg1 spherical 340:348 spherical 340:348 spherical 340:348 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 2 48 theme obtained 306:313 arg1 particles 325:333 The obtained composite particles 302:333 The obtained composite particles 302:333 The obtained composite particles were spherical, and the diameter of the composite particles was larger than that of the chitosan particles. 30771395 7 49 theme carbonate 1023:1031 arg1 shell 1033:1037 the calcium carbonate shell 1011:1037 the calcium carbonate shell 1011:1037 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 0 50 theme composite 86:94 arg1 fabrication 27:37 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication 0:37 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 0:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 5 51 theme shell 725:729 arg1 form 713:716 The crystal form 701:716 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA 701:749 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 5 51 theme shell 725:729 arg1 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 calcite 755:761 The crystal form of the shell fabricated with PAA was calcite, which is the most stable form of calcium carbonate crystal. 30771395 9 52 theme carbonate 1258:1266 arg1 shell 1268:1272 the calcium carbonate shell 1246:1272 the calcium carbonate shell 1246:1272 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 7 53 theme shell 1033:1037 arg1 structure 998:1006 the crystal structure 986:1006 the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell 986:1037 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 1 54 theme core-shell 157:166 arg1 microparticles 183:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 0 55 theme type 81:84 arg1 composite 86:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite 42:94 Biomineralization-inspired fabrication of chitosan/calcium carbonates core-shell type composite microparticles as a drug carrier. 30771395 10 56 theme inorganic 1421:1429 arg1 materials 1443:1451 inorganic and organic materials 1421:1451 inorganic and organic materials 1421:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 9 57 theme drug 1298:1301 arg1 release 1303:1309 drug release 1298:1309 drug release 1298:1309 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 9 58 theme shell 1268:1272 arg1 form 1238:1241 the crystal form 1226:1241 the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell 1226:1272 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 9 59 theme release 1303:1309 arg1 suppression 1283:1293 suppression 1283:1293 suppression of drug release 1283:1309 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 1 60 theme type 168:171 arg1 microparticles 183:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 10 61 theme organic 1435:1441 arg1 materials 1443:1451 inorganic and organic materials 1421:1451 inorganic and organic materials 1421:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 7 62 theme calcium 1015:1021 arg1 shell 1033:1037 the calcium carbonate shell 1011:1037 the calcium carbonate shell 1011:1037 Types of the binder molecules influenced the crystal structure of the calcium carbonate shell. 30771395 1 63 theme composite 173:181 arg1 microparticles 183:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 1 64 theme Chitosan/calcium 130:145 arg1 microparticles 183:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles 130:196 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 1 65 with process 247:253 arg1 particles 269:277 chitosan particles 260:277 chitosan particles as starting materials 260:299 Chitosan/calcium carbonate core-shell type composite microparticles were fabricated via a biomineralization-inspired process with chitosan particles as starting materials. 30771395 3 66 contain had 510:512 arg1 shell 478:482 the shell 474:482 the shell of the composite particle 474:508 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 3 66 contain had 510:512 arg2 structure 528:536 a crystalline structure 514:536 a crystalline structure 514:536 XRD measurement indicated that the shell of the composite particle had a crystalline structure. 30771395 10 67 theme hybrid 1392:1397 arg1 particles 1327:1335 The core-shell particles 1312:1335 The core-shell particles prepared in this study 1312:1358 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 10 67 theme hybrid 1392:1397 arg1 product 1399:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product 1364:1405 an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials 1364:1451 The core-shell particles prepared in this study was an environmentally friendly hybrid product consisting of inorganic and organic materials and could be used as a novel drug-carrying microcapsule. 30771395 6 68 theme stable 932:937 arg1 form 939:942 a stable form 930:942 a stable form 930:942 On the other hand, the shell fabricated with PGlu was composed mainly with vaterite crystal, which is not a stable form. 30771395 6 68 theme stable 932:937 arg1 crystal 908:914 vaterite crystal 899:914 vaterite crystal 899:914 On the other hand, the shell fabricated with PGlu was composed mainly with vaterite crystal, which is not a stable form. 30771395 9 69 theme inorganic 1177:1185 arg1 shell 1187:1191 the inorganic shell 1173:1191 the inorganic shell 1173:1191 It was revealed that the inorganic shell suppressed drug release and that the crystal form of the calcium carbonate shell affected suppression of drug release. 30771395 8 70 theme pH 1137:1138 arg1 conditions 1140:1149 various pH conditions 1129:1149 various pH conditions 1129:1149 Drug release behavior of the model drug-introduced core-shell particles was evaluated in various pH conditions. 30771395 4 71 theme calcium 669:675 arg1 carbonate 677:685 calcium carbonate 669:685 calcium carbonate 669:685 The shell fabrication process was carried out with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polyglutamic acid (PGlu) as binder molecules between calcium carbonate and chitosan. 30500763 4 0 theme adsorption 852:861 arg1 behavior 863:870 the adsorption behavior 848:870 the adsorption behavior of MCHAM 848:879 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 1 1 theme sugarcane 174:182 arg1 juice 184:188 sugarcane juice 174:188 sugarcane juice 174:188 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 5 2 theme Recycling 887:895 arg1 experiments 897:907 Recycling experiments 887:907 Recycling experiments 887:907 Recycling experiments indicated that the MCHAM adsorbent presented considerable repeatability. 30500763 2 3 theme CS 498:499 arg1 MCM 515:517 MCM 515:517 MCM 515:517 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 3 theme CS 498:499 arg1 microspheres 501:512 magnetic CS microspheres 489:512 magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ 489:526 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 5 4 theme considerable 954:965 arg1 repeatability 967:979 considerable repeatability 954:979 considerable repeatability 954:979 Recycling experiments indicated that the MCHAM adsorbent presented considerable repeatability. 30500763 6 5 theme phenolic 1003:1010 arg1 substances 1012:1021 phenolic substances 1003:1021 phenolic substances 1003:1021 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 2 6 theme magnetic 489:496 arg1 MCM 515:517 MCM 515:517 MCM 515:517 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 6 theme magnetic 489:496 arg1 microspheres 501:512 magnetic CS microspheres 489:512 magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ 489:526 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 1 7 from substances 160:169 arg1 juice 184:188 sugarcane juice 174:188 sugarcane juice 174:188 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 2 8 theme phenolic 352:359 arg1 substances 361:370 phenolic substances 352:370 phenolic substances from sugarcane juice 352:391 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 4 9 theme adsorption 692:701 arg1 process 703:709 the adsorption process 688:709 the adsorption process 688:709 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 0 10 theme phenolic 126:133 arg1 substances 135:144 phenolic substances 126:144 phenolic substances 126:144 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 2 11 theme magnetic 394:401 arg1 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 11 theme magnetic 394:401 arg1 hydroxyapatite 417:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite 394:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) 394:456 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 4 12 theme dominant 749:756 arg1 chemisorption 772:784 chemisorption 772:784 chemisorption 772:784 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 4 12 theme dominant 749:756 arg1 mechanism 758:766 the dominant mechanism 745:766 the dominant mechanism 745:766 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 3 13 from solution 585:592 arg1 acid 567:570 gallic acid 560:570 gallic acid from sucrose solution 560:592 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 0 14 theme chitosan-hydroxyapatite 9:31 arg1 application 92:102 application 92:102 application 92:102 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 14 theme chitosan-hydroxyapatite 9:31 arg1 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 14 theme chitosan-hydroxyapatite 9:31 arg1 microspheres 43:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres 0:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 0:145 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 14 theme chitosan-hydroxyapatite 9:31 arg1 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 6 15 theme sugarcane 1202:1210 arg1 juice 1212:1216 sugarcane juice 1202:1216 sugarcane juice 1202:1216 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 0 16 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 application 92:102 application 92:102 application 92:102 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 16 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 16 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 microspheres 43:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres 0:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 0:145 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 16 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 1 17 theme main 272:275 arg1 substances 286:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 6 18 from sulfur 1192:1197 arg1 juice 1212:1216 sugarcane juice 1202:1216 sugarcane juice 1202:1216 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 2 19 theme sugarcane 377:385 arg1 juice 387:391 sugarcane juice 377:391 sugarcane juice 377:391 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 1 20 theme phenolic 277:284 arg1 substances 286:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 4 21 theme Langmuir 795:802 arg1 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 4 21 theme Langmuir 795:802 arg1 mode 813:816 the Langmuir isotherm mode 791:816 the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) 791:836 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 6 22 theme treatment 1079:1087 arg1 methods 1089:1095 treatment methods 1079:1095 treatment methods employing MCHAM 1079:1111 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 2 23 theme hydroxyapatite 417:430 arg1 MCHAM 451:455 MCHAM 451:455 MCHAM 451:455 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 23 theme hydroxyapatite 417:430 arg1 microspheres 437:448 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres 394:448 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) 394:456 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 1 24 theme substances 286:295 arg1 substances 286:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 the main phenolic substances 268:295 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 1 24 theme substances 286:295 arg1 one 261:263 one 261:263 one 261:263 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 0 25 theme substances 135:144 arg1 adsorption 112:121 the adsorption 108:121 the adsorption of phenolic substances 108:144 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 3 26 theme highest 603:609 arg1 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 3 26 theme highest 603:609 arg1 capacity 622:629 the highest adsorption capacity 599:629 the highest adsorption capacity 599:629 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 4 27 theme pseudo-second-order 719:737 arg1 mode 739:742 the pseudo-second-order mode 715:742 the pseudo-second-order mode 715:742 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 2 28 theme CS 413:414 arg1 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 28 theme CS 413:414 arg1 hydroxyapatite 417:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite 394:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) 394:456 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 3 29 theme adsorption 611:620 arg1 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 40.77 mg g-1 635:646 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 3 29 theme adsorption 611:620 arg1 capacity 622:629 the highest adsorption capacity 599:629 the highest adsorption capacity 599:629 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 3 30 theme gallic 560:565 arg1 acid 567:570 gallic acid 560:570 gallic acid from sucrose solution 560:592 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 1 31 theme color 211:215 arg1 value 217:221 the color value 207:221 the color value of sugar products 207:239 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 1 32 theme sugar 226:230 arg1 products 232:239 sugar products 226:239 sugar products 226:239 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 2 33 from juice 387:391 arg1 substances 361:370 phenolic substances 352:370 phenolic substances from sugarcane juice 352:391 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 1 34 theme products 232:239 arg1 value 217:221 the color value 207:221 the color value of sugar products 207:239 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 6 35 theme clarifying 1060:1069 arg1 agents 1071:1076 traditional clarifying agents 1048:1076 traditional clarifying agents 1048:1076 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 4 36 theme MCHAM 875:879 arg1 behavior 863:870 the adsorption behavior 848:870 the adsorption behavior of MCHAM 848:879 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 4 37 theme isotherm 804:811 arg1 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 qm = 48.12 mg g-1 819:835 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 4 37 theme isotherm 804:811 arg1 mode 813:816 the Langmuir isotherm mode 791:816 the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) 791:836 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 3 38 theme sucrose 577:583 arg1 solution 585:592 sucrose solution 577:592 sucrose solution 577:592 MCHAM could effectively adsorb gallic acid from sucrose solution, and the highest adsorption capacity was 40.77 mg g-1. 30500763 0 39 dep microspheres 43:54 arg1 application 92:102 application 92:102 application 92:102 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 39 dep microspheres 43:54 arg1 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 39 dep microspheres 43:54 arg1 microspheres 43:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres 0:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 0:145 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 39 dep microspheres 43:54 arg1 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 6 40 theme phenolic 1147:1154 arg1 substances 1156:1165 phenolic substances 1147:1165 phenolic substances 1147:1165 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 6 41 theme traditional 1048:1058 arg1 agents 1071:1076 traditional clarifying agents 1048:1076 traditional clarifying agents 1048:1076 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 1 42 theme phenolic 151:158 arg1 substances 160:169 The phenolic substances 147:169 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice 147:188 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 2 43 theme chitosan 403:410 arg1 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 HA 433:434 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 2 43 theme chitosan 403:410 arg1 hydroxyapatite 417:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite 394:430 magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) 394:456 To develop a new adsorbent able to effectively adsorb phenolic substances from sugarcane juice, magnetic chitosan (CS) hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres (MCHAM) were prepared by growing HA on magnetic CS microspheres (MCM) in-situ. 30500763 4 44 theme adsorption 653:662 arg1 kinetics 664:671 The adsorption kinetics 649:671 The adsorption kinetics 649:671 The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption process fit the pseudo-second-order mode, the dominant mechanism was chemisorption, and the Langmuir isotherm mode (qm = 48.12 mg g-1) described the adsorption behavior of MCHAM best. 30500763 1 45 theme gallic 246:251 arg1 acid 253:256 gallic acid 246:256 gallic acid 246:256 The phenolic substances in sugarcane juice seriously affect the color value of sugar products, and gallic acid is one of the main phenolic substances. 30500763 6 46 theme residual 1183:1190 arg1 sulfur 1192:1197 residual sulfur 1183:1197 residual sulfur in sugarcane juice 1183:1216 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30500763 0 47 theme composite 33:41 arg1 application 92:102 application 92:102 application 92:102 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 47 theme composite 33:41 arg1 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Preparation 57:67 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 47 theme composite 33:41 arg1 microspheres 43:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres 0:54 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 0:145 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 0 47 theme composite 33:41 arg1 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 characterization 70:85 Magnetic chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres: Preparation, characterization, and application for the adsorption of phenolic substances. 30500763 6 48 theme sugarcane 1026:1034 arg1 juice 1036:1040 sugarcane juice 1026:1040 sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents 1026:1076 Compared to treating phenolic substances in sugarcane juice using traditional clarifying agents, treatment methods employing MCHAM can efficiently and simply remove phenolic substances without leaving residual sulfur in sugarcane juice. 30992138 3 0 theme water 496:500 arg1 role 488:491 the independent role 472:491 the independent role of water 472:500 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 6 1 theme Bovine 874:879 arg1 specimens 884:892 Bovine AF specimens 874:892 Bovine AF specimens 874:892 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 4 2 theme first 577:581 arg1 objective 583:591 Our first objective 573:591 Our first objective 573:591 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 7 3 located observed 1297:1304 arg1 rate 1325:1328 the low loading rate 1309:1328 the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate) 1309:1364 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 7 3 located observed 1297:1304 arg2 differences 1275:1285 these differences 1269:1285 these differences 1269:1285 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 8 4 from decreases 1485:1493 arg1 density 1540:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 8 4 from decreases 1485:1493 arg1 modulus 1513:1519 modulus 1513:1519 modulus 1513:1519 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 8 4 from decreases 1485:1493 arg1 content 1504:1510 water content 1498:1510 water content 1498:1510 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 4 5 theme failure 643:649 arg1 properties 651:660 AF failure properties 640:660 AF failure properties in tension 640:671 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 3 6 theme failure 555:561 arg1 response 563:570 the tissue's rate-dependent failure response 527:570 the tissue's rate-dependent failure response 527:570 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 1 7 theme viscoelastic 183:194 arg1 behavior 207:214 viscoelastic mechanical behavior 183:214 viscoelastic mechanical behavior 183:214 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 6 8 theme circumferential 941:955 arg1 direction 957:965 the circumferential direction 937:965 the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate 937:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 7 9 theme loading 1317:1323 arg1 rate 1325:1328 the low loading rate 1309:1328 the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate) 1309:1364 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 4 10 from effect 614:619 arg1 properties 651:660 AF failure properties 640:660 AF failure properties in tension 640:671 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 9 11 theme tissue 1607:1612 arg1 stiffness 1614:1622 tissue stiffness 1607:1622 tissue stiffness 1607:1622 This suggests that hydration is essential for maintaining tissue stiffness and energy absorption capacity, rather than strength, and that GAGs contribute to tissue strength independently from mediating water content. 30992138 4 12 theme loading 624:630 arg1 rate 632:635 loading rate 624:635 loading rate 624:635 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 2 13 theme primary 228:234 arg1 changes 248:254 the primary biochemical changes 224:254 the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration 224:288 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 5 14 theme glycosaminoglycans 819:836 arg1 digestion 806:814 enzymatic digestion 796:814 enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 796:843 Water content was altered through enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and through osmotic loading. 30992138 4 15 theme second 678:683 arg1 objective 685:693 our second objective 674:693 our second objective 674:693 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 1 16 theme intervertebral 117:130 arg1 disc 132:135 the intervertebral disc 113:135 the intervertebral disc 113:135 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 9 17 theme absorption 1635:1644 arg1 capacity 1646:1653 energy absorption capacity 1628:1653 energy absorption capacity 1628:1653 This suggests that hydration is essential for maintaining tissue stiffness and energy absorption capacity, rather than strength, and that GAGs contribute to tissue strength independently from mediating water content. 30992138 8 18 theme Osmotic 1367:1373 arg1 loading 1375:1381 Osmotic loading 1367:1381 Osmotic loading 1367:1381 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 9 19 theme water 1751:1755 arg1 content 1757:1763 water content 1751:1763 water content 1751:1763 This suggests that hydration is essential for maintaining tissue stiffness and energy absorption capacity, rather than strength, and that GAGs contribute to tissue strength independently from mediating water content. 30992138 6 20 theme % 988:988 arg1 /s. 989:991 6.97%/s. 984:991 6.97%/s. 984:991 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 7 21 theme water 1171:1175 arg1 contents 1177:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 2 22 theme changes 248:254 arg1 loss 297:300 the loss 293:300 the loss 293:300 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 2 22 theme changes 248:254 arg1 changes 248:254 the primary biochemical changes 224:254 the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration 224:288 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 2 22 theme changes 248:254 arg1 One 217:219 One 217:219 One 217:219 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 7 23 dep rate 1325:1328 arg1 p < 0.05 1331:1338 p < 0.05 1331:1338 p < 0.05; no changes at high rate 1331:1363 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 8 24 theme energy 1533:1538 arg1 density 1540:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 7 25 theme GAG 1163:1165 arg1 contents 1177:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 7 26 dep p < 0.05 1331:1338 arg1 changes 1344:1350 no changes 1341:1350 p < 0.05; no changes at high rate 1331:1363 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 6 27 theme % 977:977 arg1 /s 978:979 0.00697%/s 970:979 0.00697%/s 970:979 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 3 28 theme previous 361:368 arg1 studies 370:376 previous studies 361:376 previous studies 361:376 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 6 29 from /s. 989:991 arg1 direction 957:965 the circumferential direction 937:965 the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate 937:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 4 30 theme water 725:729 arg1 content 731:737 water content 725:737 water content 725:737 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 3 31 theme fibrosus 439:446 arg1 mechanics 461:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 4 32 from effect 715:720 arg1 properties 750:759 failure properties 742:759 failure properties 742:759 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 6 33 theme ∼50 1030:1032 arg1 % 1033:1033 % 1033:1033 % 1033:1033 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 6 34 from /s 978:979 arg1 direction 957:965 the circumferential direction 937:965 the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate 937:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 0 35 theme Bovine 0:5 arg1 hydration 24:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration affects rate-dependent failure mechanics in tension. 30992138 1 36 theme water 96:100 arg1 content 102:108 The high water content 87:108 The high water content of the intervertebral disc 87:135 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 1 36 theme water 96:100 arg1 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 9 37 theme tissue 1706:1711 arg1 strength 1713:1720 tissue strength 1706:1720 tissue strength 1706:1720 This suggests that hydration is essential for maintaining tissue stiffness and energy absorption capacity, rather than strength, and that GAGs contribute to tissue strength independently from mediating water content. 30992138 8 38 theme GAG 1447:1449 arg1 composition 1451:1461 GAG composition 1447:1461 GAG composition 1447:1461 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 3 39 theme failure 453:459 arg1 mechanics 461:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 0 40 theme fibrosus 15:22 arg1 hydration 24:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration affects rate-dependent failure mechanics in tension. 30992138 7 41 theme energy 1244:1249 arg1 density 1251:1257 strain energy density 1237:1257 strain energy density 1237:1257 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 6 42 theme Increased 993:1001 arg1 rate 1011:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 3 43 theme independent 476:486 arg1 role 488:491 the independent role 472:491 the independent role of water 472:500 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 5 44 theme Water 762:766 arg1 content 768:774 Water content 762:774 Water content 762:774 Water content was altered through enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and through osmotic loading. 30992138 5 45 theme osmotic 857:863 arg1 loading 865:871 osmotic loading 857:871 osmotic loading 857:871 Water content was altered through enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and through osmotic loading. 30992138 8 46 theme water 1498:1502 arg1 content 1504:1510 water content 1498:1510 water content 1498:1510 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 6 47 from increase 1035:1042 arg1 density 1104:1110 strain energy density 1090:1110 strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001) 1090:1150 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 6 47 from increase 1035:1042 arg1 modulus 1061:1067 linear-region modulus 1047:1067 linear-region modulus 1047:1067 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 6 47 from increase 1035:1042 arg1 stress 1078:1083 failure stress 1070:1083 failure stress 1070:1083 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 7 48 theme decreased 1198:1206 arg1 modulus 1208:1214 decreased modulus 1198:1214 decreased modulus 1198:1214 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 6 49 theme AF 881:882 arg1 specimens 884:892 Bovine AF specimens 874:892 Bovine AF specimens 874:892 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 4 50 from properties 651:660 arg1 tension 665:671 tension 665:671 tension 665:671 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 6 51 theme treatment 1123:1131 arg1 p < 0.001 1141:1149 p < 0.001 1141:1149 p < 0.001 1141:1149 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 6 51 theme treatment 1123:1131 arg1 groups 1133:1138 all treatment groups 1119:1138 all treatment groups (p < 0.001) 1119:1150 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 8 52 theme strain 1526:1531 arg1 density 1540:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 strain energy density 1526:1546 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 0 53 theme failure 57:63 arg1 mechanics 65:73 rate-dependent failure mechanics 42:73 rate-dependent failure mechanics 42:73 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration affects rate-dependent failure mechanics in tension. 30992138 7 54 theme high 1355:1358 arg1 rate 1360:1363 high rate 1355:1363 high rate 1355:1363 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 4 55 theme rate 632:635 arg1 effect 614:619 the effect 610:619 the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension 610:671 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 3 56 theme rate-dependent 540:553 arg1 response 563:570 the tissue's rate-dependent failure response 527:570 the tissue's rate-dependent failure response 527:570 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 7 57 from rate 1360:1363 arg1 changes 1344:1350 no changes 1341:1350 p < 0.05; no changes at high rate 1331:1363 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 6 58 theme energy 1097:1102 arg1 density 1104:1110 strain energy density 1090:1110 strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001) 1090:1150 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 4 59 theme AF 640:641 arg1 properties 651:660 AF failure properties 640:660 AF failure properties in tension 640:671 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 2 60 theme proteoglycans 305:317 arg1 loss 297:300 the loss 293:300 the loss 293:300 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 2 60 theme proteoglycans 305:317 arg1 changes 248:254 the primary biochemical changes 224:254 the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration 224:288 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 2 60 theme proteoglycans 305:317 arg1 One 217:219 One 217:219 One 217:219 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 5 61 theme enzymatic 796:804 arg1 digestion 806:814 enzymatic digestion 796:814 enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) 796:843 Water content was altered through enzymatic digestion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and through osmotic loading. 30992138 2 62 theme biochemical 236:246 arg1 changes 248:254 the primary biochemical changes 224:254 the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration 224:288 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 7 63 theme low 1313:1315 arg1 rate 1325:1328 the low loading rate 1309:1328 the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate) 1309:1364 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 8 64 used used 1387:1390 arg2 loading 1375:1381 Osmotic loading 1367:1381 Osmotic loading 1367:1381 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 9 65 theme energy 1628:1633 arg1 capacity 1646:1653 energy absorption capacity 1628:1653 energy absorption capacity 1628:1653 This suggests that hydration is essential for maintaining tissue stiffness and energy absorption capacity, rather than strength, and that GAGs contribute to tissue strength independently from mediating water content. 30992138 2 66 theme disc 272:275 arg1 degeneration 277:288 disc degeneration 272:288 disc degeneration 272:288 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 1 67 theme disc 132:135 arg1 content 102:108 The high water content 87:108 The high water content of the intervertebral disc 87:135 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 1 67 theme disc 132:135 arg1 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 6 68 theme strain 1090:1095 arg1 density 1104:1110 strain energy density 1090:1110 strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001) 1090:1150 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 1 69 theme mechanical 196:205 arg1 behavior 207:214 viscoelastic mechanical behavior 183:214 viscoelastic mechanical behavior 183:214 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 6 70 theme 6.97 984:987 arg1 % 988:988 % 988:988 % 988:988 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 7 71 theme Decreased 1153:1161 arg1 contents 1177:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents 1153:1184 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 6 72 dep /s 978:979 arg1 rate 1011:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 6 73 theme 0.00697 970:976 arg1 % 977:977 % 977:977 % 977:977 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 8 74 theme hydration 1418:1426 arg1 effect 1408:1413 the effect 1404:1413 the effect of hydration 1404:1426 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 6 75 theme % 1033:1033 arg1 increase 1035:1042 a ∼50% increase 1028:1042 a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001) 1028:1150 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 3 76 dep in 407:408 arg1 vivo 410:413 vivo 410:413 vivo 410:413 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 4 77 theme content 731:737 arg1 effect 715:720 the effect 711:720 the effect of water content on failure properties 711:759 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 0 78 theme annulus 7:13 arg1 hydration 24:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration 0:32 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration affects rate-dependent failure mechanics in tension. 30992138 3 79 from effects 396:402 arg1 mechanics 461:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 1 80 theme high 91:94 arg1 content 102:108 The high water content 87:108 The high water content of the intervertebral disc 87:135 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 1 80 theme high 91:94 arg1 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 essential 140:148 The high water content of the intervertebral disc is essential to its load bearing function and viscoelastic mechanical behavior. 30992138 3 81 theme annulus 431:437 arg1 fibrosus 439:446 annulus fibrosus 431:446 annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 431:469 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 3 81 theme annulus 431:437 arg1 AF 449:450 AF 449:450 AF 449:450 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 7 82 theme strain 1237:1242 arg1 density 1251:1257 strain energy density 1237:1257 strain energy density 1237:1257 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 3 83 dep does 522:525 arg1 as 519:520 as 519:520 as 519:520 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 0 84 theme rate-dependent 42:55 arg1 mechanics 65:73 rate-dependent failure mechanics 42:73 rate-dependent failure mechanics 42:73 Bovine annulus fibrosus hydration affects rate-dependent failure mechanics in tension. 30992138 6 85 theme loading 1003:1009 arg1 rate 1011:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Increased loading rate 993:1014 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 3 86 theme degeneration 415:426 arg1 effects 396:402 the effects 392:402 the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics 392:469 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 8 87 theme similar 1477:1483 arg1 decreases 1485:1493 similar decreases 1477:1493 similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density 1477:1546 Osmotic loading was used to evaluate the effect of hydration independently from GAG composition, resulting in similar decreases in water content, modulus, and strain energy density. 30992138 7 88 theme failure 1217:1223 arg1 stress 1225:1230 failure stress 1217:1230 failure stress 1217:1230 Decreased GAG and water contents resulted in decreased modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density; however, these differences were only observed at the low loading rate (p < 0.05; no changes at high rate). 30992138 3 89 theme in 407:408 arg1 degeneration 415:426 in vivo degeneration 407:426 in vivo degeneration 407:426 While previous studies have reported the effects of in vivo degeneration on annulus fibrosus (AF) failure mechanics, the independent role of water remains unclear, as does the tissue's rate-dependent failure response. 30992138 2 90 theme tissue 335:340 arg1 dehydration 342:352 tissue dehydration 335:352 tissue dehydration 335:352 One of the primary biochemical changes associated with disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans, which leads to tissue dehydration. 30992138 6 91 theme failure 1070:1076 arg1 stress 1078:1083 failure stress 1070:1083 failure stress 1070:1083 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 30992138 4 92 theme failure 742:748 arg1 properties 750:759 failure properties 742:759 failure properties 742:759 Our first objective was to determine the effect of loading rate on AF failure properties in tension; our second objective was to quantify the effect of water content on failure properties. 30992138 6 93 theme linear-region 1047:1059 arg1 modulus 1061:1067 linear-region modulus 1047:1067 linear-region modulus 1047:1067 Bovine AF specimens were tested monotonically to failure along the circumferential direction at 0.00697%/s or 6.97%/s. Increased loading rate resulted in a ∼50% increase in linear-region modulus, failure stress, and strain energy density across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). 31233788 0 0 theme blue 107:110 arg1 methylene 97:105 methylene blue 97:110 methylene blue in water 97:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 6 1 dep capture 875:881 arg1 removed 933:939 removed 933:939 could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L) 924:969 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 7 2 theme adsorption 984:993 arg1 capacity 995:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity 972:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA 972:1018 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 7 2 theme adsorption 984:993 arg1 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 11 3 from water 1561:1565 arg1 dyes 1551:1554 dyes 1551:1554 dyes from water 1551:1565 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 11 3 from water 1561:1565 arg1 removal 1540:1546 the removal 1536:1546 the removal of dyes from water 1536:1565 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 8 4 theme thermodynamic 1119:1131 arg1 analysis 1133:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis 1108:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis 1108:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31233788 0 5 theme methylene 97:105 arg1 adsorption 83:92 enhanced adsorption 74:92 enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 74:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 4 6 theme X-ray 535:539 arg1 spectroscopy 555:566 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 535:566 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 535:566 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 4 7 dep structure 650:658 arg1 the 621:623 the 621:623 the 621:623 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 4 8 theme scanning 464:471 arg1 microscopy 482:491 scanning electron microscopy 464:491 scanning electron microscopy 464:491 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 10 9 theme multiple 1411:1418 arg1 usage 1420:1424 multiple usage 1411:1424 multiple usage 1411:1424 Moreover, GLCA could be regenerated by washing with HCl solution and ethanol for multiple usage. 31233788 2 10 theme agents 291:296 arg1 use 241:243 the use 237:243 the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents 237:296 However, the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents impacts the environment. 31233788 11 11 dep eco-friendly 1478:1489 arg1 adsorbent 1522:1530 adsorbent 1522:1530 adsorbent 1522:1530 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 4 12 theme three-dimensional 625:641 arg1 structure 650:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 2 13 theme cross-linking 277:289 arg1 agents 291:296 toxic cross-linking agents 271:296 toxic cross-linking agents 271:296 However, the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents impacts the environment. 31233788 3 14 theme GO/lignosulfonate 337:353 arg1 aerogel 355:361 a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel 331:361 a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan 331:393 Herein, a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan was prepared without using any toxic chemicals. 31233788 3 14 theme GO/lignosulfonate 337:353 arg1 GLCA 364:367 GLCA 364:367 GLCA 364:367 Herein, a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan was prepared without using any toxic chemicals. 31233788 6 15 theme % 919:919 arg1 MB 921:922 99% MB 917:922 99% MB 917:922 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 11 16 theme dyes 1551:1554 arg1 removal 1540:1546 the removal 1536:1546 the removal of dyes from water 1536:1565 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 1 17 dep oxide 131:135 arg1 GO 138:139 GO 138:139 GO 138:139 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 1 18 theme wide 175:178 arg1 interests 180:188 wide interests 175:188 wide interests 175:188 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 6 19 theme 99 917:918 arg1 % 919:919 % 919:919 % 919:919 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 6 20 theme MB 883:884 arg1 molecules 886:894 MB molecules 883:894 MB molecules 883:894 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 11 21 from removal 1540:1546 arg1 water 1561:1565 water 1561:1565 water 1561:1565 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 9 22 theme π-π 1275:1277 arg1 interaction 1279:1289 π-π interaction 1275:1289 π-π interaction 1275:1289 The interaction mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bond between GLCA and MB. 31233788 6 23 theme MB 948:949 arg1 solution 951:958 a MB solution 946:958 a MB solution (100 mg/L) 946:969 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 6 23 theme MB 948:949 arg1 100 mg/L 961:968 100 mg/L 961:968 100 mg/L 961:968 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 5 24 theme initial 828:834 arg1 concentration 836:848 initial concentration 828:848 initial concentration 828:848 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) was investigated by varying pH, dosage, contacting time, temperature and initial concentration. 31233788 4 25 dep transform 502:510 arg1 infrared 512:519 infrared 512:519 transform infrared spectroscopy 502:532 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 7 26 theme activated 1090:1098 arg1 carbon 1100:1105 activated carbon 1090:1105 activated carbon 1090:1105 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 8 27 theme MB 1169:1170 arg1 adsorption 1155:1164 the adsorption 1151:1164 the adsorption of MB on GLCA 1151:1178 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31233788 3 28 theme toxic 426:430 arg1 chemicals 432:440 any toxic chemicals 422:440 any toxic chemicals 422:440 Herein, a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan was prepared without using any toxic chemicals. 31233788 0 29 theme oxide/lignosulfonate 31:50 arg1 aerogel 62:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel 22:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 22:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 4 30 dep Fourier 494:500 arg1 transform 502:510 transform 502:510 transform infrared spectroscopy 502:532 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 7 31 theme GO/polymer 1064:1073 arg1 composites 1075:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 9 32 theme electrostatic 1249:1261 arg1 attraction 1263:1272 electrostatic attraction 1249:1272 electrostatic attraction 1249:1272 The interaction mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bond between GLCA and MB. 31233788 0 33 theme graphene 22:29 arg1 aerogel 62:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel 22:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 22:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 4 34 theme X-ray 593:597 arg1 diffraction 599:609 X-ray diffraction 593:609 X-ray diffraction 593:609 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 2 35 theme toxic 271:275 arg1 agents 291:296 toxic cross-linking agents 271:296 toxic cross-linking agents 271:296 However, the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents impacts the environment. 31233788 1 36 theme Graphene 122:129 arg1 oxide 131:135 Graphene oxide 122:135 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites 122:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 5 37 theme adsorption 701:710 arg1 performance 712:722 The adsorption performance 697:722 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) 697:753 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) was investigated by varying pH, dosage, contacting time, temperature and initial concentration. 31233788 1 38 theme pollutants 207:216 arg1 adsorption 193:202 adsorption 193:202 adsorption of pollutants in water 193:225 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 7 39 theme other 1049:1053 arg1 composites 1075:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 0 40 from methylene 97:105 arg1 water 115:119 water 115:119 water 115:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 0 41 theme composite 52:60 arg1 aerogel 62:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel 22:68 graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 22:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 7 42 theme reported 1055:1062 arg1 composites 1075:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 other reported GO/polymer composites 1049:1084 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 4 43 theme electron 473:480 arg1 microscopy 482:491 scanning electron microscopy 464:491 scanning electron microscopy 464:491 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 4 44 theme GLCA 691:694 arg1 structure 650:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 4 44 theme GLCA 691:694 arg1 functionalities 672:686 diverse functionalities 664:686 diverse functionalities 664:686 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 0 45 theme enhanced 74:81 arg1 adsorption 83:92 enhanced adsorption 74:92 enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 74:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 4 46 theme photoelectron 541:553 arg1 spectroscopy 555:566 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 535:566 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 535:566 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 5 47 theme GLCA 727:730 arg1 performance 712:722 The adsorption performance 697:722 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) 697:753 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) was investigated by varying pH, dosage, contacting time, temperature and initial concentration. 31233788 0 48 from adsorption 83:92 arg1 water 115:119 water 115:119 water 115:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 11 49 dep indicated 1447:1455 arg1 recyclable 1511:1520 recyclable 1511:1520 recyclable 1511:1520 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 11 49 dep indicated 1447:1455 arg1 cost-effective 1492:1505 cost-effective 1492:1505 cost-effective 1492:1505 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 11 49 dep indicated 1447:1455 arg1 eco-friendly 1478:1489 eco-friendly 1478:1489 eco-friendly 1478:1489 Overall, this study indicated the GLCA could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from water. 31233788 1 50 theme oxide 131:135 arg1 composites 150:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites 122:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites 122:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 4 51 theme Raman 569:573 arg1 spectroscopy 575:586 Raman spectroscopy 569:586 Raman spectroscopy 569:586 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 8 52 theme Adsorption 1108:1117 arg1 analysis 1133:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis 1108:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis 1108:1140 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31233788 7 53 theme MB 1007:1008 arg1 capacity 995:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity 972:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA 972:1018 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 7 53 theme MB 1007:1008 arg1 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 8 54 from adsorption 1155:1164 arg1 GLCA 1175:1178 GLCA 1175:1178 GLCA 1175:1178 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31233788 9 55 theme hydrogen 1295:1302 arg1 bond 1304:1307 hydrogen bond 1295:1307 hydrogen bond 1295:1307 The interaction mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bond between GLCA and MB. 31233788 2 56 theme polymers 258:265 arg1 use 241:243 the use 237:243 the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents 237:296 However, the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents impacts the environment. 31233788 9 57 theme interaction 1217:1227 arg1 mechanisms 1229:1238 The interaction mechanisms 1213:1238 The interaction mechanisms 1213:1238 The interaction mechanisms involved electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bond between GLCA and MB. 31233788 10 58 theme HCl 1382:1384 arg1 solution 1386:1393 HCl solution 1382:1393 HCl solution 1382:1393 Moreover, GLCA could be regenerated by washing with HCl solution and ethanol for multiple usage. 31233788 5 59 theme blue 745:748 arg1 methylene 735:743 methylene blue 735:748 methylene blue (MB) 735:753 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) was investigated by varying pH, dosage, contacting time, temperature and initial concentration. 31233788 5 59 theme blue 745:748 arg1 MB 751:752 MB 751:752 MB 751:752 The adsorption performance of GLCA to methylene blue (MB) was investigated by varying pH, dosage, contacting time, temperature and initial concentration. 31233788 0 60 from water 115:119 arg1 adsorption 83:92 enhanced adsorption 74:92 enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water 74:119 Chitosan cross-linked graphene oxide/lignosulfonate composite aerogel for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue in water. 31233788 2 61 theme synthetic 248:256 arg1 polymers 258:265 synthetic polymers 248:265 synthetic polymers 248:265 However, the use of synthetic polymers and toxic cross-linking agents impacts the environment. 31233788 4 62 theme porous 643:648 arg1 structure 650:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 three-dimensional porous structure 625:658 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 6 63 theme obtained 855:862 arg1 GLCA 864:867 The obtained GLCA 851:867 The obtained GLCA 851:867 The obtained GLCA could capture MB molecules efficiently and over 99% MB could be removed from a MB solution (100 mg/L). 31233788 1 64 from adsorption 193:202 arg1 water 221:225 water 221:225 water 221:225 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 1 65 theme /polymer 141:148 arg1 composites 150:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites 122:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites 122:159 Graphene oxide (GO)/polymer composites have received wide interests in adsorption of pollutants in water. 31233788 4 66 theme diverse 664:670 arg1 functionalities 672:686 diverse functionalities 664:686 diverse functionalities 664:686 Characterizations by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirmed the three-dimensional porous structure and diverse functionalities of GLCA. 31233788 3 67 theme new 333:335 arg1 aerogel 355:361 a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel 331:361 a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan 331:393 Herein, a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan was prepared without using any toxic chemicals. 31233788 3 67 theme new 333:335 arg1 GLCA 364:367 GLCA 364:367 GLCA 364:367 Herein, a new GO/lignosulfonate aerogel (GLCA) cross-linked by chitosan was prepared without using any toxic chemicals. 31233788 7 68 theme maximum 976:982 arg1 capacity 995:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity 972:1002 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA 972:1018 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 7 68 theme maximum 976:982 arg1 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 1023.9 mg/g 1024:1034 The maximum adsorption capacity of MB onto GLCA was 1023.9 mg/g, higher than other reported GO/polymer composites and activated carbon. 31233788 8 69 dep revealed 1142:1149 arg1 endothermic 1200:1210 endothermic 1200:1210 endothermic 1200:1210 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31233788 8 69 dep revealed 1142:1149 arg1 spontaneous 1184:1194 spontaneous 1184:1194 spontaneous 1184:1194 Adsorption thermodynamic analysis revealed the adsorption of MB on GLCA was spontaneous and endothermic. 31408657 0 0 theme graphene-based 77:90 arg1 heating 101:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating 50:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 3 1 theme graphene 694:701 arg1 content 703:709 graphene content 694:709 graphene content 694:709 The membrane attained an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min under 2000Wm-2, which increased linearly with increasing power density and graphene content. 31408657 4 2 theme conducting 870:879 arg1 electrification 881:895 conducting electrification 870:895 conducting electrification 870:895 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 2 3 theme graphene 467:474 arg1 sheets 476:481 graphene sheets 467:481 graphene sheets 467:481 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 3 4 theme power 676:680 arg1 density 682:688 power density 676:688 power density 676:688 The membrane attained an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min under 2000Wm-2, which increased linearly with increasing power density and graphene content. 31408657 1 5 theme natural 156:162 arg1 macromolecule 164:176 a natural macromolecule 154:176 a natural macromolecule 154:176 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 5 6 theme great 1209:1213 arg1 flexibility 1215:1225 the great flexibility 1205:1225 the great flexibility in the biomass membrane 1205:1249 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 0 7 theme heating 101:107 arg1 membrane 109:116 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 0 8 theme electric 92:99 arg1 heating 101:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating 50:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 1 9 theme electric 327:334 arg1 membrane 344:351 the electric heating membrane 323:351 the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance 323:400 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 10 theme graphene 252:259 arg1 sheets 261:266 graphene sheets 252:266 graphene sheets 252:266 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 2 11 theme steady 491:496 arg1 structure 517:525 a steady conductive network structure 489:525 a steady conductive network structure for electric heating 489:546 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 1 12 theme heating 336:342 arg1 membrane 344:351 the electric heating membrane 323:351 the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance 323:400 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 4 13 theme coupling 784:791 arg1 effect 793:798 electric-heat coupling effect 770:798 electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification 770:895 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 5 14 theme uniform 1118:1124 arg1 distribution 1126:1137 the uniform distribution 1114:1137 the uniform distribution 1114:1137 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 2 15 dep bonding 420:426 arg1 formed 428:433 formed 428:433 bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating 420:546 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 4 16 theme electric-heat 770:782 arg1 effect 793:798 electric-heat coupling effect 770:798 electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification 770:895 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 0 17 theme flexible 68:75 arg1 heating 101:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating 50:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 5 18 theme bonding 1148:1154 arg1 performance 1156:1166 bonding performance 1148:1166 bonding performance 1148:1166 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 1 19 theme sheets 261:266 arg1 assembly 240:247 the assembly 236:247 the assembly of graphene sheets 236:266 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 4 20 theme oxygen-containing 842:858 arg1 groups 860:865 the membrane's oxygen-containing groups 827:865 the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification 827:895 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 0 21 theme nanofibrillated 11:25 arg1 cellulose 27:35 nanofibrillated cellulose 11:35 nanofibrillated cellulose 11:35 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 5 22 from flexibility 1215:1225 arg1 membrane 1242:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 5 23 theme membrane 930:937 arg1 surface 939:945 membrane surface 930:945 membrane surface 930:945 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 5 24 theme electric 1026:1033 arg1 status 1043:1048 the electric heating status 1022:1048 the electric heating status 1022:1048 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 2 25 theme electric 531:538 arg1 heating 540:546 electric heating 531:546 electric heating 531:546 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 5 26 theme infrared 1077:1084 arg1 imaging 1094:1100 infrared thermal imaging 1077:1100 infrared thermal imaging 1077:1100 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 2 27 theme Strong 403:408 arg1 interface 410:418 Strong interface 403:418 Strong interface 403:418 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 5 28 theme thermal 1086:1092 arg1 imaging 1094:1100 infrared thermal imaging 1077:1100 infrared thermal imaging 1077:1100 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 3 29 theme temperature 586:596 arg1 rise 598:601 an equilibrium temperature rise 571:601 an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min 571:617 The membrane attained an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min under 2000Wm-2, which increased linearly with increasing power density and graphene content. 31408657 3 30 from rise 598:601 arg1 3min 614:617 3min 614:617 3min 614:617 The membrane attained an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min under 2000Wm-2, which increased linearly with increasing power density and graphene content. 31408657 0 31 theme cellulose 27:35 arg1 use 4:6 The use 0:6 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose 0:35 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 1 32 theme steady 281:286 arg1 structure 296:304 a steady stacked structure 279:304 a steady stacked structure by the sheets 279:318 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 5 33 from performance 1156:1166 arg1 membrane 1242:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 1 34 theme uniform 374:380 arg1 performance 390:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 5 35 theme heating 1035:1041 arg1 status 1043:1048 the electric heating status 1022:1048 the electric heating status 1022:1048 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 2 36 theme network 509:515 arg1 structure 517:525 a steady conductive network structure 489:525 a steady conductive network structure for electric heating 489:546 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 6 37 theme biomass 1339:1345 arg1 composites 1347:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 This study would further broaden the utilization of the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites. 31408657 1 38 theme heating 382:388 arg1 performance 390:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 2 39 theme conductive 498:507 arg1 structure 517:525 a steady conductive network structure 489:525 a steady conductive network structure for electric heating 489:546 Strong interface bonding formed in the membrane, which combined graphene sheets to be a steady conductive network structure for electric heating. 31408657 5 40 from distribution 1126:1137 arg1 membrane 1242:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 1 41 theme Nanofibrillated 119:133 arg1 binder 179:184 binder 179:184 binder 179:184 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 41 theme Nanofibrillated 119:133 arg1 NFC 146:148 NFC 146:148 NFC 146:148 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 41 theme Nanofibrillated 119:133 arg1 cellulose 135:143 Nanofibrillated cellulose 119:143 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule 119:176 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 6 42 theme composites 1347:1356 arg1 utilization 1289:1299 the utilization 1285:1299 the utilization of the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1285:1356 This study would further broaden the utilization of the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites. 31408657 6 43 theme nanocellulose-graphene 1316:1337 arg1 composites 1347:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 This study would further broaden the utilization of the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites. 31408657 3 44 theme equilibrium 574:584 arg1 rise 598:601 an equilibrium temperature rise 571:601 an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min 571:617 The membrane attained an equilibrium temperature rise to 60°C in 3min under 2000Wm-2, which increased linearly with increasing power density and graphene content. 31408657 4 45 from decrease 815:822 arg1 groups 860:865 the membrane's oxygen-containing groups 827:865 the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification 827:895 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 1 46 with membrane 344:351 arg1 flexibility 358:368 flexibility 358:368 flexibility 358:368 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 46 with membrane 344:351 arg1 performance 390:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 uniform heating performance 374:400 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 6 47 theme natural 1308:1314 arg1 composites 1347:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites 1304:1356 This study would further broaden the utilization of the natural nanocellulose-graphene biomass composites. 31408657 1 48 used utilized 213:220 arg2 NFC 146:148 NFC 146:148 NFC 146:148 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 48 used utilized 213:220 arg2 cellulose 135:143 Nanofibrillated cellulose 119:143 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule 119:176 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 1 48 used utilized 213:220 arg2 binder 179:184 binder 179:184 binder 179:184 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31408657 4 49 theme Decreased 712:720 arg1 resistance 722:731 Decreased resistance 712:731 Decreased resistance between two electrodes 712:754 Decreased resistance between two electrodes was caused by electric-heat coupling effect which led to a decrease in the membrane's oxygen-containing groups as conducting electrification. 31408657 5 50 theme biomass 1234:1240 arg1 membrane 1242:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 the biomass membrane 1230:1249 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 5 51 theme different 982:990 arg1 angles 992:997 different angles 982:997 different angles 982:997 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 5 52 dep bent 960:963 arg1 surface 939:945 membrane surface 930:945 membrane surface 930:945 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 5 52 dep bent 960:963 arg1 as 957:958 as 957:958 as 957:958 The temperature distributing on membrane surface, and that as bent and distorted to different angles even simultaneously at the electric heating status, were all characterized by infrared thermal imaging to indicate the uniform distribution and well bonding performance between NFC and graphene, as well as the great flexibility in the biomass membrane. 31408657 0 53 theme homogeneous 52:62 arg1 heating 101:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating 50:107 a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane 50:116 The use of nanofibrillated cellulose to fabricate a homogeneous and flexible graphene-based electric heating membrane. 31408657 1 54 theme stacked 288:294 arg1 structure 296:304 a steady stacked structure 279:304 a steady stacked structure by the sheets 279:318 Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a natural macromolecule, binder, dispersant, enhancer, was utilized to facilitate the assembly of graphene sheets, imparting a steady stacked structure by the sheets to the electric heating membrane with flexibility and uniform heating performance. 31065866 0 0 theme enantiomers 109:119 arg1 discrimination 80:93 voltammetric discrimination 67:93 voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers 67:119 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with chitosan for voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 9 1 theme tetracarboxylic 1411:1425 arg1 acid 1427:1430 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 1393:1430 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 1393:1430 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 10 2 theme rGO 1534:1536 arg1 functionalization 1513:1529 non-covalent functionalization 1500:1529 non-covalent functionalization of rGO 1500:1536 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 4 3 theme chiral 572:577 arg1 features 579:586 the chiral features 568:586 the chiral features of chitosan 568:598 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 1 4 theme tetracarboxylic 199:213 arg1 acid 215:218 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 181:218 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 181:218 A composite was prepared from graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) by a chemical method. 31065866 10 5 theme voltammetric 1597:1608 arg1 determination 1610:1622 voltammetric determination 1597:1622 voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers 1597:1648 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 2 6 with reaction 357:364 arg1 chitosan 371:378 chitosan 371:378 chitosan 371:378 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan. 31065866 0 7 theme tryptophan 98:107 arg1 enantiomers 109:119 tryptophan enantiomers 98:119 tryptophan enantiomers 98:119 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with chitosan for voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 9 8 theme abstract 1305:1312 arg1 presentation 1324:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation 1295:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene 1295:1371 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 10 9 theme non-covalent 1500:1511 arg1 functionalization 1513:1529 non-covalent functionalization 1500:1529 non-covalent functionalization of rGO 1500:1536 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 6 10 theme enantioselectivity 983:1000 arg1 coefficient 1002:1012 the enantioselectivity coefficient 979:1012 the enantioselectivity coefficient 979:1012 Best operated at a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE), the enantioselectivity coefficient is 3.0. 31065866 6 10 theme enantioselectivity 983:1000 arg1 3.0 1017:1019 3.0 1017:1019 3.0 1017:1019 Best operated at a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE), the enantioselectivity coefficient is 3.0. 31065866 3 11 used used 518:521 arg2 methods 505:511 electrochemical methods 489:511 electrochemical methods 489:511 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 3 11 used used 518:521 arg2 Fourier 411:417 Fourier 411:417 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 411:449 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 3 11 used used 518:521 arg2 microscopy 399:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 3 11 used used 518:521 arg2 spectroscopy 472:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 7 12 from S/N = 3 1133:1139 arg1 limit 1123:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit 1104:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp 1104:1150 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 7 13 theme 3.0 μM 1160:1165 arg1 response 1046:1053 a linear response 1037:1053 a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp 1037:1174 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 7 14 from response 1046:1053 arg1 1 mM 1062:1065 the 1 mM 1058:1065 the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range 1058:1098 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 5 15 contain had 859:861 arg1 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 5 15 contain had 859:861 arg1 electrode 811:819 A glassy carbon electrode 795:819 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan 795:857 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 5 15 contain had 859:861 arg2 capability 884:893 a higher recognition capability 863:893 a higher recognition capability for L-Trp 863:903 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 7 16 theme linear 1039:1044 arg1 response 1046:1053 a linear response 1037:1053 a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp 1037:1174 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 9 17 theme Schematic 1314:1322 arg1 presentation 1324:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation 1295:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene 1295:1371 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 0 18 theme Perylene-functionalized 0:22 arg1 sheets 33:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with chitosan for voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 8 19 theme recognition 1259:1269 arg1 mechanism 1271:1279 a recognition mechanism 1257:1279 a recognition mechanism 1257:1279 The sensor was successfully used to detect Trp enantiomers in real samples, and a recognition mechanism is presented. 31065866 0 20 theme graphene 24:31 arg1 sheets 33:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with chitosan for voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 3 21 theme Scanning 381:388 arg1 microscopy 399:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 4 22 theme excellent 608:616 arg1 behaviors 634:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors 604:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA 604:654 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 5 23 theme higher 865:870 arg1 capability 884:893 a higher recognition capability 863:893 a higher recognition capability for L-Trp 863:903 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 5 24 theme glassy 797:802 arg1 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 5 24 theme glassy 797:802 arg1 electrode 811:819 A glassy carbon electrode 795:819 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan 795:857 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 3 25 theme photoelectron 458:470 arg1 spectroscopy 472:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 8 26 used used 1205:1208 arg2 sensor 1181:1186 The sensor 1177:1186 The sensor 1177:1186 The sensor was successfully used to detect Trp enantiomers in real samples, and a recognition mechanism is presented. 31065866 4 27 theme enantiomers 782:792 arg1 recognition 750:760 electrochemical chiral recognition 727:760 electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers 727:792 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 7 28 contain has 1033:1035 arg1 sensor 1026:1031 The sensor 1022:1031 The sensor 1022:1031 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 7 28 contain has 1033:1035 arg2 response 1046:1053 a linear response 1037:1053 a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp 1037:1174 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 4 29 theme rGO-PTCA 647:654 arg1 behaviors 634:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors 604:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA 604:654 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 4 29 theme rGO-PTCA 647:654 arg1 features 579:586 the chiral features 568:586 the chiral features of chitosan 568:598 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 4 30 theme graphene-based 659:672 arg1 material 674:681 a graphene-based material 657:681 a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity 657:705 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 2 31 theme amidation 347:355 arg1 reaction 357:364 amidation reaction 347:364 amidation reaction with chitosan 347:378 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan. 31065866 3 32 theme electrochemical 489:503 arg1 methods 505:511 electrochemical methods 489:511 electrochemical methods 489:511 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 9 33 theme 3,4,9,10-perylene 1393:1409 arg1 acid 1427:1430 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 1393:1430 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 1393:1430 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 2 34 with functionalization 300:316 arg1 PTCA 330:333 PTCA 330:333 PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan 330:378 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan. 31065866 10 35 theme amidation 1560:1568 arg1 reaction 1570:1577 amidation reaction 1560:1577 amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers 1560:1648 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 8 36 theme real 1239:1242 arg1 samples 1244:1250 real samples 1239:1250 real samples 1239:1250 The sensor was successfully used to detect Trp enantiomers in real samples, and a recognition mechanism is presented. 31065866 4 37 theme tryptophan 765:774 arg1 enantiomers 782:792 tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers 765:792 tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers 765:792 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 0 38 theme voltammetric 67:78 arg1 discrimination 80:93 voltammetric discrimination 67:93 voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers 67:119 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with chitosan for voltammetric discrimination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 4 39 theme electrochemical 618:632 arg1 behaviors 634:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors 604:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA 604:654 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 7 40 theme detection 1113:1121 arg1 limit 1123:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit 1104:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp 1104:1150 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 6 41 theme 0.78 961:964 arg1 V 966:966 0.78 V 961:966 0.78 V (vs. SCE) 961:976 Best operated at a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE), the enantioselectivity coefficient is 3.0. 31065866 6 41 theme 0.78 961:964 arg1 SCE 973:975 vs. SCE 969:975 SCE 973:975 Best operated at a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE), the enantioselectivity coefficient is 3.0. 31065866 5 42 theme carbon 804:809 arg1 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 GCE 822:824 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 5 42 theme carbon 804:809 arg1 electrode 811:819 A glassy carbon electrode 795:819 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan 795:857 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 9 43 theme composoie 1342:1350 arg1 presentation 1324:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation 1295:1335 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene 1295:1371 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 3 44 dep Fourier 411:417 arg1 transform 419:427 transform 419:427 transform infrared spectroscopy 419:449 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 10 45 theme enantiomers 1638:1648 arg1 chitosan 1584:1591 chitosan 1584:1591 chitosan 1584:1591 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 10 45 theme enantiomers 1638:1648 arg1 determination 1610:1622 voltammetric determination 1597:1622 voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers 1597:1648 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 7 46 theme Trp 1076:1078 arg1 range 1094:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 10 47 with reaction 1570:1577 arg1 chitosan 1584:1591 chitosan 1584:1591 chitosan 1584:1591 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 10 47 with reaction 1570:1577 arg1 determination 1610:1622 voltammetric determination 1597:1622 voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers 1597:1648 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 4 48 with material 674:681 arg1 enantioselectivity 688:705 enantioselectivity 688:705 enantioselectivity 688:705 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 3 49 dep transform 419:427 arg1 infrared 429:436 infrared 429:436 transform infrared spectroscopy 419:449 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 9 50 theme Graphical 1295:1303 arg1 abstract 1305:1312 Graphical abstract 1295:1312 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene 1295:1371 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 2 51 theme rGO 321:323 arg1 functionalization 300:316 non-covalent functionalization 287:316 non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan 287:378 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan. 31065866 7 52 theme concentration 1080:1092 arg1 range 1094:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 7 53 theme 1.2 μM 1106:1111 arg1 limit 1123:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit 1104:1127 a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp 1104:1150 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 6 54 theme working 940:946 arg1 voltage 948:954 a working voltage 938:954 a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE) 938:976 Best operated at a working voltage near 0.78 V (vs. SCE), the enantioselectivity coefficient is 3.0. 31065866 8 55 theme Trp 1220:1222 arg1 enantiomers 1224:1234 Trp enantiomers 1220:1234 Trp enantiomers 1220:1234 The sensor was successfully used to detect Trp enantiomers in real samples, and a recognition mechanism is presented. 31065866 1 56 theme 3,4,9,10-perylene 181:197 arg1 acid 215:218 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 181:218 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 181:218 A composite was prepared from graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) by a chemical method. 31065866 3 57 theme electron 390:397 arg1 microscopy 399:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy 381:408 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 1 58 theme chemical 258:265 arg1 method 267:272 a chemical method 256:272 a chemical method 256:272 A composite was prepared from graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) by a chemical method. 31065866 7 59 theme 10 mM 1070:1074 arg1 range 1094:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 10 mM Trp concentration range 1070:1098 The sensor has a linear response in the 1 mM to 10 mM Trp concentration range and a 1.2 μM detection limit (at S/N = 3) for L-Trp, and of 3.0 μM to D-Trp. 31065866 10 60 theme tryptophan 1627:1636 arg1 enantiomers 1638:1648 tryptophan enantiomers 1627:1648 tryptophan enantiomers 1627:1648 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan and voltammetric determination of tryptophan enantiomers. 31065866 4 61 theme chiral 743:748 arg1 recognition 750:760 electrochemical chiral recognition 727:760 electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers 727:792 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 5 62 theme recognition 872:882 arg1 capability 884:893 a higher recognition capability 863:893 a higher recognition capability for L-Trp 863:903 A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with rGO-PTCA-chitosan had a higher recognition capability for L-Trp than for D-Trp. 31065866 4 63 theme chitosan 591:598 arg1 behaviors 634:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors 604:642 the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA 604:654 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 4 63 theme chitosan 591:598 arg1 features 579:586 the chiral features 568:586 the chiral features of chitosan 568:598 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 31065866 2 64 theme non-covalent 287:298 arg1 functionalization 300:316 non-covalent functionalization 287:316 non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan 287:378 It involves non-covalent functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by amidation reaction with chitosan. 31065866 3 65 theme X-ray 452:456 arg1 spectroscopy 472:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 452:483 Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the composites. 31065866 9 66 theme chemical 1471:1478 arg1 method 1480:1485 a chemical method 1469:1485 a chemical method 1469:1485 Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a composoie prepared by graphene functionalized with 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid and chitosan (rGO-PTCA-chitosan) via a chemical method. 31065866 4 67 theme electrochemical 727:741 arg1 recognition 750:760 electrochemical chiral recognition 727:760 electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers 727:792 By combining the chiral features of chitosan and the excellent electrochemical behaviors of rGO-PTCA, a graphene-based material with enantioselectivity was constructed for electrochemical chiral recognition of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. 30857434 11 0 theme ORNs 1551:1554 arg1 differentiation 1532:1546 differentiation 1532:1546 differentiation of ORNs 1532:1554 Chitosan-hyaluronan plays a part in promoting differentiation of ORNs and facilitating mucociliary differentiation of RECs. 30857434 11 1 theme mucociliary 1573:1583 arg1 differentiation 1585:1599 mucociliary differentiation 1573:1599 mucociliary differentiation of RECs 1573:1607 Chitosan-hyaluronan plays a part in promoting differentiation of ORNs and facilitating mucociliary differentiation of RECs. 30857434 10 2 theme adenylate 1415:1423 arg1 apparatuses 1402:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 10 2 theme adenylate 1415:1423 arg1 cyclase 1425:1431 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 5 3 dep RE 731:732 arg1 the 727:729 the 727:729 the 727:729 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 9 4 theme CS + HA 1326:1332 arg1 group 1334:1338 the CS + HA group 1322:1338 the CS + HA group 1322:1338 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 6 5 theme indicated 949:957 arg1 conditions 966:975 indicated growth conditions 949:975 indicated growth conditions 949:975 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 8 6 theme box 1134:1136 arg1 J1 1146:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 6 7 theme growth 959:964 arg1 conditions 966:975 indicated growth conditions 949:975 indicated growth conditions 949:975 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 0 8 theme olfactory 113:121 arg1 neurons 132:138 olfactory receptor neurons 113:138 olfactory receptor neurons 113:138 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 1 9 theme surgical 277:284 arg1 outcome 286:292 the surgical outcome 273:292 the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery 273:320 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 5 10 theme olfactory 657:665 arg1 ONCs 690:693 ONCs 690:693 ONCs 690:693 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 10 theme olfactory 657:665 arg1 cells 683:687 olfactory neuroepithelial cells 657:687 olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) 657:694 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 11 theme Human 605:609 arg1 cells 640:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells 605:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) 605:651 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 11 theme Human 605:609 arg1 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 6 12 dep cultured 755:762 arg1 divided 777:783 divided 777:783 divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA 777:852 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 6 12 dep cultured 755:762 arg1 assessed 858:865 assessed 858:865 assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions 858:975 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 0 13 theme neurons 132:138 arg1 promotion 21:29 promotion 21:29 promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells 21:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 0 13 theme neurons 132:138 arg1 development 98:108 development 98:108 development of olfactory receptor neurons 98:138 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 5 14 theme respiratory 617:627 arg1 cells 640:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells 605:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) 605:651 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 14 theme respiratory 617:627 arg1 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 15 theme nasal 611:615 arg1 cells 640:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells 605:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) 605:651 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 15 theme nasal 611:615 arg1 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 8 16 theme CS 1207:1208 arg1 group 1216:1220 the CS alone group 1203:1220 the CS alone group 1203:1220 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 9 17 theme HA 1348:1349 arg1 group 1357:1361 HA alone group 1348:1361 HA alone group 1348:1361 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 0 18 theme receptor 123:130 arg1 neurons 132:138 olfactory receptor neurons 113:138 olfactory receptor neurons 113:138 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 5 19 theme epithelial 629:638 arg1 cells 640:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells 605:644 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) 605:651 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 19 theme epithelial 629:638 arg1 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 RECs 647:650 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 1 20 theme respiratory 201:211 arg1 epithelium 213:222 respiratory epithelium 201:222 respiratory epithelium (RE) 201:227 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 1 20 theme respiratory 201:211 arg1 RE 225:226 RE 225:226 RE 225:226 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 8 21 theme 5AC 1116:1118 arg1 levels 1068:1073 The levels 1064:1073 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 1064:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 8 21 theme 5AC 1116:1118 arg1 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 8 22 theme mucin 1110:1114 arg1 5AC 1116:1118 mucin 5AC 1110:1118 mucin 5AC 1110:1118 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 1 23 theme epithelium 213:222 arg1 regeneration 180:191 regeneration 180:191 regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) 180:262 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 8 24 theme J1 1146:1147 arg1 levels 1068:1073 The levels 1064:1073 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 1064:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 8 24 theme J1 1146:1147 arg1 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 10 25 theme signal 1382:1387 arg1 apparatuses 1402:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 10 25 theme signal 1382:1387 arg1 cyclase 1425:1431 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 1 26 theme endoscopic 297:306 arg1 surgery 314:320 endoscopic sinus surgery 297:320 endoscopic sinus surgery 297:320 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 7 27 theme CS + HA 1049:1055 arg1 group 1057:1061 the CS + HA group 1045:1061 the CS + HA group 1045:1061 RECs keep polygonal morphology with mucociliary differentiation in the CS + HA group. 30857434 12 28 theme sinonasal 1660:1668 arg1 application 1670:1680 the sinonasal application 1656:1680 the sinonasal application 1656:1680 This composite is a promising biomaterial for the sinonasal application. 30857434 1 29 theme sinus 308:312 arg1 surgery 314:320 endoscopic sinus surgery 297:320 endoscopic sinus surgery 297:320 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 10 30 theme CS + HA 1446:1452 arg1 groups 1454:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 0 31 theme differentiation 46:60 arg1 promotion 21:29 promotion 21:29 promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells 21:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 0 31 theme differentiation 46:60 arg1 development 98:108 development 98:108 development of olfactory receptor neurons 98:138 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 1 32 theme surgery 314:320 arg1 outcome 286:292 the surgical outcome 273:292 the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery 273:320 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 12 33 theme promising 1630:1638 arg1 composite 1615:1623 This composite 1610:1623 This composite 1610:1623 This composite is a promising biomaterial for the sinonasal application. 30857434 12 33 theme promising 1630:1638 arg1 biomaterial 1640:1650 a promising biomaterial 1628:1650 a promising biomaterial for the sinonasal application 1628:1680 This composite is a promising biomaterial for the sinonasal application. 30857434 0 34 theme mucociliary 34:44 arg1 differentiation 46:60 mucociliary differentiation 34:60 mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells 34:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 9 35 theme olfactory 1288:1296 arg1 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 9 35 theme olfactory 1288:1296 arg1 protein 1305:1311 higher olfactory marker protein 1281:1311 higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) 1281:1317 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 10 36 theme transduction 1389:1400 arg1 apparatuses 1402:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 10 36 theme transduction 1389:1400 arg1 cyclase 1425:1431 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 11 37 theme RECs 1604:1607 arg1 differentiation 1585:1599 mucociliary differentiation 1573:1599 mucociliary differentiation of RECs 1573:1607 Chitosan-hyaluronan plays a part in promoting differentiation of ORNs and facilitating mucociliary differentiation of RECs. 30857434 9 38 theme marker 1298:1303 arg1 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 9 38 theme marker 1298:1303 arg1 protein 1305:1311 higher olfactory marker protein 1281:1311 higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) 1281:1317 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 1 39 theme olfactory 233:241 arg1 neuroepithelium 243:257 olfactory neuroepithelium 233:257 olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) 233:262 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 0 40 theme respiratory 65:75 arg1 cells 88:92 respiratory epithelial cells 65:92 respiratory epithelial cells 65:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 8 41 theme forkhead 1125:1132 arg1 J1 1146:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 5 42 theme neuroepithelial 667:681 arg1 ONCs 690:693 ONCs 690:693 ONCs 690:693 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 5 42 theme neuroepithelial 667:681 arg1 cells 683:687 olfactory neuroepithelial cells 657:687 olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) 657:694 Human nasal respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) and olfactory neuroepithelial cells (ONCs) are respectively obtained from the RE and the ON. 30857434 6 43 theme Western 925:931 arg1 blots 933:937 Western blots 925:937 Western blots 925:937 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 7 44 theme polygonal 988:996 arg1 morphology 998:1007 polygonal morphology 988:1007 polygonal morphology 988:1007 RECs keep polygonal morphology with mucociliary differentiation in the CS + HA group. 30857434 2 45 theme mucociliary 355:365 arg1 differentiation 367:381 mucociliary differentiation 355:381 mucociliary differentiation of RE 355:387 Although chitosan (CS) inhibits mucociliary differentiation of RE, it has been reported to regenerate ON. 30857434 8 46 theme CS + HA 1181:1187 arg1 group 1189:1193 the CS + HA group 1177:1193 the CS + HA group 1177:1193 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 4 47 theme composite 528:536 arg1 CS + HA 538:544 the composite CS + HA 524:544 the composite CS + HA 524:544 Whether the composite CS + HA would simultaneously benefit RE and ON remains unexplored. 30857434 8 48 theme E-cadherin 1078:1087 arg1 levels 1068:1073 The levels 1064:1073 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 1064:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 8 48 theme E-cadherin 1078:1087 arg1 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 10 49 theme more 1377:1380 arg1 apparatuses 1402:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 more signal transduction apparatuses 1377:1412 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 10 49 theme more 1377:1380 arg1 cyclase 1425:1431 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 adenylate cyclase 3 1415:1433 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 6 50 theme electron 879:886 arg1 microscope 888:897 scanning electron microscope 870:897 scanning electron microscope 870:897 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 8 51 theme occludens-1 1097:1107 arg1 levels 1068:1073 The levels 1064:1073 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 1064:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 8 51 theme occludens-1 1097:1107 arg1 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 higher 1167:1172 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 10 52 from apparatuses 1402:1412 arg1 groups 1454:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 9 53 theme higher 1281:1286 arg1 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 OMP 1314:1316 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 9 53 theme higher 1281:1286 arg1 protein 1305:1311 higher olfactory marker protein 1281:1311 higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) 1281:1317 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 1 54 theme neuroepithelium 243:257 arg1 regeneration 180:191 regeneration 180:191 regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) 180:262 Developing a biomaterial that promotes regeneration of both respiratory epithelium (RE) and olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) improves the surgical outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery. 30857434 8 55 theme zonula 1090:1095 arg1 occludens-1 1097:1107 zonula occludens-1 1090:1107 zonula occludens-1 1090:1107 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 2 56 theme RE 386:387 arg1 differentiation 367:381 mucociliary differentiation 355:381 mucociliary differentiation of RE 355:387 Although chitosan (CS) inhibits mucociliary differentiation of RE, it has been reported to regenerate ON. 30857434 0 57 theme cells 88:92 arg1 differentiation 46:60 mucociliary differentiation 34:60 mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells 34:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 9 58 dep lower 1249:1253 arg1 cytokeratin 1255:1265 cytokeratin 18 1255:1268 cytokeratin 18 (CK18) 1255:1275 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 9 58 dep lower 1249:1253 arg1 CK18 1271:1274 CK18 1271:1274 CK18 1271:1274 In addition, ONCs express lower cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and higher olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the CS + HA group than in HA alone group. 30857434 7 59 theme mucociliary 1014:1024 arg1 differentiation 1026:1040 mucociliary differentiation 1014:1040 mucociliary differentiation in the CS + HA group 1014:1061 RECs keep polygonal morphology with mucociliary differentiation in the CS + HA group. 30857434 8 60 theme protein 1138:1144 arg1 J1 1146:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 forkhead box protein J1 1125:1147 The levels of E-cadherin, zonula occludens-1, mucin 5AC, and forkhead box protein J1 are significantly higher in the CS + HA group than in the CS alone group. 30857434 3 61 theme hyaluronic 442:451 arg1 HA 459:460 HA 459:460 HA 459:460 In addition, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been demonstrated to promote regeneration of RE. 30857434 3 61 theme hyaluronic 442:451 arg1 acid 453:456 hyaluronic acid 442:456 hyaluronic acid (HA) 442:461 In addition, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been demonstrated to promote regeneration of RE. 30857434 10 62 theme CS 1439:1440 arg1 groups 1454:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 CS and CS + HA groups 1439:1459 ONCs express more signal transduction apparatuses, adenylate cyclase 3, in CS and CS + HA groups than in HA and controls. 30857434 0 63 theme epithelial 77:86 arg1 cells 88:92 respiratory epithelial cells 65:92 respiratory epithelial cells 65:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 6 64 theme scanning 870:877 arg1 microscope 888:897 scanning electron microscope 870:897 scanning electron microscope 870:897 They are cultured in vitro and divided into groups undergoing four treatments, control, CS, HA, and CS + HA and assessed by scanning electron microscope, immunocytochemistry, and Western blots following indicated growth conditions. 30857434 0 65 dep Chitosan-hyaluronan 0:18 arg1 promotion 21:29 promotion 21:29 promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells 21:92 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 0 65 dep Chitosan-hyaluronan 0:18 arg1 development 98:108 development 98:108 development of olfactory receptor neurons 98:138 Chitosan-hyaluronan: promotion of mucociliary differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells and development of olfactory receptor neurons. 30857434 3 66 theme RE 512:513 arg1 regeneration 496:507 regeneration 496:507 regeneration of RE 496:513 In addition, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been demonstrated to promote regeneration of RE. 30857434 7 67 from differentiation 1026:1040 arg1 group 1057:1061 the CS + HA group 1045:1061 the CS + HA group 1045:1061 RECs keep polygonal morphology with mucociliary differentiation in the CS + HA group. 31026642 0 0 theme cell 88:91 arg1 desalination 20:31 water desalination 14:31 water desalination 14:31 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 0 0 theme cell 88:91 arg1 generation 49:58 electricity generation 37:58 electricity generation 37:58 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 4 1 theme good 725:728 arg1 stability 738:746 good cycling stability 725:746 good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) 725:820 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 1 2 theme desalination 179:190 arg1 systems 238:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems 209:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment 209:361 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 2 theme desalination 179:190 arg1 MDCs 199:202 MDCs 199:202 MDCs 199:202 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 2 theme desalination 179:190 arg1 cells 192:196 Microbial desalination cells 169:196 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) 169:203 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 3 theme simultaneous 278:289 arg1 desalination 300:311 simultaneous seawater desalination 278:311 simultaneous seawater desalination 278:311 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 0 4 theme desalination 75:86 arg1 cell 88:91 a microbial desalination cell 63:91 a microbial desalination cell 63:91 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 8 5 theme wide 1506:1509 arg1 applicability 1511:1523 wide applicability 1506:1523 wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems 1506:1553 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 5 6 theme power 904:908 arg1 density 910:916 a high power density 897:916 a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) 897:952 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 3 7 theme carbon 544:549 arg1 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 7 theme carbon 544:549 arg1 nanotube-chitosan 551:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan 518:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) 518:576 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 1 8 theme seawater 291:298 arg1 desalination 300:311 simultaneous seawater desalination 278:311 simultaneous seawater desalination 278:311 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 8 9 theme bioelectrochemical 1528:1545 arg1 systems 1547:1553 bioelectrochemical systems 1528:1553 bioelectrochemical systems 1528:1553 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 6 10 theme macroporous 1164:1174 arg1 structure 1176:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure 1146:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1146:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 5 11 theme desalination 958:969 arg1 rate 971:974 desalination rate 958:974 desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 958:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 4 12 from 20mVs-1 715:721 arg1 159.4F/g 703:710 159.4F/g 703:710 159.4F/g 703:710 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 4 13 theme specific 753:760 arg1 retention 774:782 specific capacitance retention 753:782 96% specific capacitance retention 749:782 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 3 14 theme conductive 533:542 arg1 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 14 theme conductive 533:542 arg1 nanotube-chitosan 551:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan 518:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) 518:576 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 0 15 theme macroporous 118:128 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 3 16 theme compatible 518:527 arg1 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 CNT-CS 570:575 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 16 theme compatible 518:527 arg1 nanotube-chitosan 551:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan 518:567 compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) 518:576 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 4 17 theme voltammetry 802:812 arg1 cycles 814:819 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles 790:819 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles 790:819 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 5 18 theme CNT-CS 867:872 arg1 anode 881:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 0 19 theme three-dimensional 100:116 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 4 20 theme Experimental 613:624 arg1 results 626:632 Experimental results 613:632 Experimental results 613:632 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 4 21 theme cyclic 795:800 arg1 cycles 814:819 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles 790:819 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles 790:819 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 8 22 theme high-performance 1479:1494 arg1 MDCs 1496:1499 high-performance MDCs 1479:1499 high-performance MDCs 1479:1499 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 2 23 theme MDCs 437:440 arg1 performance 422:432 the performance 418:432 the performance of MDCs 418:440 Anode materials play an important role in determining the performance of MDCs. 31026642 6 24 theme 3D 1161:1162 arg1 structure 1176:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure 1146:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1146:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 6 25 theme electrode 1254:1262 arg1 surface 1264:1270 the electrode surface 1250:1270 the electrode surface 1250:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 2 26 theme Anode 364:368 arg1 materials 370:378 Anode materials 364:378 Anode materials 364:378 Anode materials play an important role in determining the performance of MDCs. 31026642 1 27 theme electricity 314:324 arg1 generation 326:335 electricity generation 314:335 electricity generation 314:335 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 6 28 theme continuous 1150:1159 arg1 structure 1176:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure 1146:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1146:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 7 29 theme CNTs 1299:1302 arg1 presence 1287:1294 the presence 1283:1294 the presence of CNTs 1283:1302 Moreover, the presence of CNTs also further enhances extracellular electron transfer. 31026642 3 30 theme three-dimensional 460:476 arg1 electrode 593:601 a composite electrode 581:601 a composite electrode for MDCs 581:610 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 30 theme three-dimensional 460:476 arg1 sponge 495:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 6 31 theme anode 1200:1204 arg1 structure 1176:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure 1146:1184 the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1146:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 0 32 theme nanotube-chitosan 137:153 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 8 33 theme 3D 1412:1413 arg1 anode 1429:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 3 34 theme composite 583:591 arg1 electrode 593:601 a composite electrode 581:601 a composite electrode for MDCs 581:610 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 34 theme composite 583:591 arg1 sponge 495:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 1 35 theme promising 209:217 arg1 systems 238:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems 209:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment 209:361 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 35 theme promising 209:217 arg1 cells 192:196 Microbial desalination cells 169:196 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) 169:203 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 0 36 theme water 14:18 arg1 desalination 20:31 water desalination 14:31 water desalination 14:31 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 0 37 theme carbon 130:135 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 4 38 theme capacitance 762:772 arg1 retention 774:782 specific capacitance retention 753:782 96% specific capacitance retention 749:782 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 1 39 theme bioelectrochemical 219:236 arg1 systems 238:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems 209:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment 209:361 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 39 theme bioelectrochemical 219:236 arg1 cells 192:196 Microbial desalination cells 169:196 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) 169:203 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 0 40 theme electricity 37:47 arg1 generation 49:58 electricity generation 37:58 electricity generation 37:58 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 5 41 theme 1776.6mW/m2 921:931 arg1 rate 971:974 desalination rate 958:974 desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 958:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 5 41 theme 1776.6mW/m2 921:931 arg1 density 910:916 a high power density 897:916 a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) 897:952 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 8 42 theme effective 1445:1453 arg1 means 1455:1459 an effective means 1442:1459 an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems 1442:1553 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 6 43 from capacity 1238:1245 arg1 surface 1264:1270 the electrode surface 1250:1270 the electrode surface 1250:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 4 44 theme high 685:688 arg1 capacitance 690:700 a high capacitance 683:700 a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1) 683:722 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 7 45 theme electron 1340:1347 arg1 transfer 1349:1356 extracellular electron transfer 1326:1356 extracellular electron transfer 1326:1356 Moreover, the presence of CNTs also further enhances extracellular electron transfer. 31026642 1 46 theme wastewater 342:351 arg1 treatment 353:361 wastewater treatment 342:361 wastewater treatment 342:361 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 0 47 theme sponge 155:160 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 5 48 theme same 1079:1082 arg1 conditions 1084:1093 the same conditions 1075:1093 the same conditions 1075:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 3 49 dep three-dimensional 460:476 arg1 3D 479:480 3D 479:480 3D 479:480 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 0 50 with desalination 20:31 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 3 51 theme macroporous 483:493 arg1 electrode 593:601 a composite electrode 581:601 a composite electrode for MDCs 581:610 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 3 51 theme macroporous 483:493 arg1 sponge 495:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge 458:500 In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) macroporous sponge was coated with compatible and conductive carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CS) as a composite electrode for MDCs. 31026642 6 52 theme loading 1230:1236 arg1 capacity 1238:1245 the bacterial loading capacity 1216:1245 the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1216:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 6 53 theme MDC 1109:1111 arg1 performance 1113:1123 The improved MDC performance 1096:1123 The improved MDC performance 1096:1123 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 2 54 theme important 388:396 arg1 role 398:401 an important role 385:401 an important role 385:401 Anode materials play an important role in determining the performance of MDCs. 31026642 5 55 with MDC 856:858 arg1 anode 881:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 8 56 theme CNT-CS 1415:1420 arg1 anode 1429:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 7 57 theme extracellular 1326:1338 arg1 transfer 1349:1356 extracellular electron transfer 1326:1356 extracellular electron transfer 1326:1356 Moreover, the presence of CNTs also further enhances extracellular electron transfer. 31026642 5 58 theme commercial 1035:1044 arg1 electrodes 1058:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes 1035:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 1035:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 6 59 theme bacterial 1220:1228 arg1 capacity 1238:1245 the bacterial loading capacity 1216:1245 the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1216:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 4 60 theme cycling 730:736 arg1 stability 738:746 good cycling stability 725:746 good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) 725:820 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 6 61 theme sponge 1193:1198 arg1 anode 1200:1204 the sponge anode 1189:1204 the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface 1189:1270 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 5 62 theme electrode 938:946 arg1 area 948:951 electrode area 938:951 electrode area 938:951 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 5 63 theme carbon 1046:1051 arg1 electrodes 1058:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes 1035:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 1035:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 0 64 dep desalination 20:31 arg1 the 10:12 the 10:12 the 10:12 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 4 65 dep stability 738:746 arg1 % 751:751 96% 749:751 96% specific capacitance retention 749:782 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 5 66 theme 16.5mgh-1 979:987 arg1 rate 971:974 desalination rate 958:974 desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 958:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 5 66 theme 16.5mgh-1 979:987 arg1 density 910:916 a high power density 897:916 a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) 897:952 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 5 67 theme felt 1053:1056 arg1 electrodes 1058:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes 1035:1067 commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions 1035:1093 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 8 68 theme sponge 1422:1427 arg1 anode 1429:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode 1410:1433 Our results demonstrate that an MDC operating with a 3D CNT-CS sponge anode offers an effective means for manufacturing high-performance MDCs with wide applicability to bioelectrochemical systems. 31026642 4 69 dep % 751:751 arg1 retention 774:782 specific capacitance retention 753:782 96% specific capacitance retention 749:782 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 0 70 theme microbial 65:73 arg1 cell 88:91 a microbial desalination cell 63:91 a microbial desalination cell 63:91 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 6 71 theme improved 1100:1107 arg1 performance 1113:1123 The improved MDC performance 1096:1123 The improved MDC performance 1096:1123 The improved MDC performance can be attributed to the continuous 3D macroporous structure of the sponge anode promoting the bacterial loading capacity on the electrode surface. 31026642 4 72 theme low 826:828 arg1 resistance 830:839 low resistance 826:839 low resistance 826:839 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 0 73 with generation 49:58 arg1 anode 162:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode 98:166 Enhancing the water desalination and electricity generation of a microbial desalination cell with a three-dimensional macroporous carbon nanotube-chitosan sponge anode. 31026642 5 74 theme high 899:902 arg1 density 910:916 a high power density 897:916 a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) 897:952 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 5 75 theme sponge 874:879 arg1 anode 881:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 a CNT-CS sponge anode 865:885 Moreover, the MDC with a CNT-CS sponge anode generated a high power density of 1776.6mW/m2 (per electrode area) and desalination rate of 16.5mgh-1, which are significantly higher than those of commercial carbon felt electrodes under the same conditions. 31026642 4 76 theme CNT-CS 659:664 arg1 sponge 666:671 the flexible CNT-CS sponge 646:671 the flexible CNT-CS sponge 646:671 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 4 77 dep capacitance 690:700 arg1 159.4F/g 703:710 159.4F/g 703:710 159.4F/g 703:710 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31026642 1 78 theme Microbial 169:177 arg1 systems 238:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems 209:244 promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment 209:361 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 78 theme Microbial 169:177 arg1 MDCs 199:202 MDCs 199:202 MDCs 199:202 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 1 78 theme Microbial 169:177 arg1 cells 192:196 Microbial desalination cells 169:196 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) 169:203 Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that are being investigated for simultaneous seawater desalination, electricity generation, and wastewater treatment. 31026642 4 79 theme flexible 650:657 arg1 sponge 666:671 the flexible CNT-CS sponge 646:671 the flexible CNT-CS sponge 646:671 Experimental results showed that the flexible CNT-CS sponge exhibited a high capacitance (159.4F/g at 20mVs-1), good cycling stability (96% specific capacitance retention after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles) and low resistance. 31791724 1 0 theme RNA-guided 231:240 arg1 Cas9 242:245 RNA-guided Cas9 231:245 RNA-guided Cas9 231:245 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 8 1 theme grain 1017:1021 arg1 size 1023:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 8 2 theme barley 1010:1015 arg1 size 1023:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 6 3 theme d-hordein 768:776 arg1 lack 760:763 a lack 758:763 a lack of d-hordein 758:776 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 4 from increase 831:838 arg1 prolamines 813:822 the prolamines 809:822 the prolamines 809:822 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 4 from increase 831:838 arg1 glutenins 847:855 the glutenins 843:855 the glutenins 843:855 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 5 5 theme protein 572:578 arg1 matrix 580:585 The protein matrix 568:585 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules 568:617 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules was increased, whereas the starch granules themselves were decreased in size in the mutant plants compared to controls. 31791724 2 6 theme % 274:274 arg1 frequencies 257:267 Mutation frequencies 248:267 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites 248:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 0 7 theme grain 80:84 arg1 size 86:89 the grain size 76:89 the grain size 76:89 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 4 8 from seeds 462:466 arg1 proteins 445:452 d-hordein proteins 435:452 d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds 435:466 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 2 9 from sites 308:312 arg1 frequencies 257:267 Mutation frequencies 248:267 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites 248:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 2 9 from sites 308:312 arg1 % 274:274 25% 272:274 25% 272:274 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 2 9 from sites 308:312 arg1 % 282:282 14% 280:282 14% 280:282 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 4 10 theme non-edited 551:560 arg1 line 562:565 the parent plant and control non-edited line 522:565 line 562:565 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 5 11 theme mutant 703:708 arg1 plants 710:715 the mutant plants 699:715 the mutant plants 699:715 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules was increased, whereas the starch granules themselves were decreased in size in the mutant plants compared to controls. 31791724 4 12 theme d-hordein 435:443 arg1 proteins 445:452 d-hordein proteins 435:452 d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds 435:466 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 8 13 theme mutation 998:1005 arg1 roles 979:983 The roles 975:983 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition 975:1048 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 3 14 theme T1 398:399 arg1 generation 401:410 the T1 generation 394:410 the T1 generation 394:410 Homozygous mutant plants that were T-DNA free were identified in the T1 generation. 31791724 4 15 theme T2 459:460 arg1 seeds 462:466 T2 seeds 459:466 T2 seeds 459:466 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 4 16 theme control 543:549 arg1 line 562:565 the parent plant and control non-edited line 522:565 line 562:565 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 7 17 theme grain 879:883 arg1 composition 885:895 other grain composition 873:895 other grain composition 873:895 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 3 18 theme mutant 340:345 arg1 plants 347:352 Homozygous mutant plants 329:352 Homozygous mutant plants that were T-DNA free 329:373 Homozygous mutant plants that were T-DNA free were identified in the T1 generation. 31791724 5 19 theme starch 603:608 arg1 granules 610:617 the starch granules 599:617 the starch granules 599:617 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules was increased, whereas the starch granules themselves were decreased in size in the mutant plants compared to controls. 31791724 7 20 theme composition 885:895 arg1 changes 862:868 The changes 858:868 The changes of other grain composition 858:895 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 6 21 theme main 743:746 arg1 effect 748:753 The main effect 739:753 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein 739:776 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 21 theme main 743:746 arg1 decrease 797:804 a considerable decrease 782:804 a considerable decrease in the prolamines 782:822 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 2 22 theme % 282:282 arg1 frequencies 257:267 Mutation frequencies 248:267 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites 248:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 0 23 theme d-hordein 16:24 arg1 gene 26:29 the d-hordein gene 12:29 the d-hordein gene 12:29 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 8 24 from roles 979:983 arg1 size 1023:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 barley grain size 1010:1026 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 8 24 from roles 979:983 arg1 composition 1038:1048 grain composition 1032:1048 grain composition 1032:1048 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 7 25 theme other 873:877 arg1 composition 885:895 other grain composition 873:895 other grain composition 873:895 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 7 26 theme increased 910:918 arg1 content 927:933 the increased starch content 906:933 the increased starch content 906:933 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 5 27 dep increased 623:631 arg1 whereas 634:640 whereas 634:640 whereas 634:640 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules was increased, whereas the starch granules themselves were decreased in size in the mutant plants compared to controls. 31791724 0 28 theme grain 104:108 arg1 compositions 110:121 grain compositions 104:121 grain compositions in barley 104:131 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 4 29 theme Barley 413:418 arg1 grains 420:425 Barley grains 413:425 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds 413:466 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 0 30 dep targeted 50:57 arg1 reducing 67:74 reducing 67:74 reducing the grain size 67:89 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 0 30 dep targeted 50:57 arg1 changing 95:102 changing 95:102 changing grain compositions in barley 95:131 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 1 31 theme d-hordein 179:187 arg1 component 189:197 the d-hordein component 175:197 the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9 175:245 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 4 32 theme parent 526:531 arg1 plant 533:537 the parent plant and control non-edited line 522:565 plant 533:537 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 8 33 theme grain 1032:1036 arg1 composition 1038:1048 grain composition 1032:1048 grain composition 1032:1048 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 0 34 theme gene 26:29 arg1 Mutation 0:7 Mutation 0:7 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 0:48 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 4 35 theme grain 499:503 arg1 size 505:508 a significantly reduced grain size 475:508 a significantly reduced grain size 475:508 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 0 36 from compositions 110:121 arg1 barley 126:131 barley 126:131 barley 126:131 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 7 37 theme β-glucan 957:964 arg1 content 966:972 β-glucan content 957:972 β-glucan content 957:972 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 6 38 from decrease 797:804 arg1 prolamines 813:822 the prolamines 809:822 the prolamines 809:822 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 38 from decrease 797:804 arg1 glutenins 847:855 the glutenins 843:855 the glutenins 843:855 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 4 39 theme reduced 491:497 arg1 size 505:508 a significantly reduced grain size 475:508 a significantly reduced grain size 475:508 Barley grains without d-hordein proteins from T2 seeds showed a significantly reduced grain size compared to the parent plant and control non-edited line. 31791724 6 40 theme lack 760:763 arg1 effect 748:753 The main effect 739:753 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein 739:776 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 40 theme lack 760:763 arg1 decrease 797:804 a considerable decrease 782:804 a considerable decrease in the prolamines 782:822 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 0 41 theme RNA-guided 34:43 arg1 Cas9 45:48 RNA-guided Cas9 34:48 RNA-guided Cas9 34:48 Mutation of the d-hordein gene by RNA-guided Cas9 targeted editing reducing the grain size and changing grain compositions in barley. 31791724 5 42 theme starch 646:651 arg1 granules 653:660 the starch granules 642:660 the starch granules themselves 642:671 The protein matrix surrounding the starch granules was increased, whereas the starch granules themselves were decreased in size in the mutant plants compared to controls. 31791724 8 43 theme d-hordein 988:996 arg1 mutation 998:1005 d-hordein mutation 988:1005 d-hordein mutation 988:1005 The roles of d-hordein mutation on barley grain size and grain composition remain to be studied. 31791724 2 44 theme target 301:306 arg1 sites 308:312 two different target sites 287:312 two different target sites 287:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 6 45 theme considerable 784:795 arg1 effect 748:753 The main effect 739:753 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein 739:776 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 6 45 theme considerable 784:795 arg1 decrease 797:804 a considerable decrease 782:804 a considerable decrease in the prolamines 782:822 The main effect of a lack of d-hordein was a considerable decrease in the prolamines and an increase in the glutenins. 31791724 2 46 theme Mutation 248:255 arg1 frequencies 257:267 Mutation frequencies 248:267 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites 248:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 7 47 theme starch 920:925 arg1 content 927:933 the increased starch content 906:933 the increased starch content 906:933 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 2 48 theme different 291:299 arg1 sites 308:312 two different target sites 287:312 two different target sites 287:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 2 49 from frequencies 257:267 arg1 sites 308:312 two different target sites 287:312 two different target sites 287:312 Mutation frequencies of 25% and 14% at two different target sites were obtained. 31791724 1 50 theme barley 202:207 arg1 protein 217:223 barley storage protein 202:223 barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9 202:245 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 7 51 theme amylose 936:942 arg1 content 944:950 amylose content 936:950 amylose content 936:950 The changes of other grain composition included the increased starch content, amylose content, and β-glucan content. 31791724 1 52 theme storage 209:215 arg1 protein 217:223 barley storage protein 202:223 barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9 202:245 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 1 53 from knock-out 165:173 arg1 study 142:146 this study 137:146 this study 137:146 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 1 54 theme protein 217:223 arg1 component 189:197 the d-hordein component 175:197 the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9 175:245 In this study, we successfully knock-out the d-hordein component of barley storage protein using RNA-guided Cas9. 31791724 3 55 theme Homozygous 329:338 arg1 plants 347:352 Homozygous mutant plants 329:352 Homozygous mutant plants that were T-DNA free 329:373 Homozygous mutant plants that were T-DNA free were identified in the T1 generation. 31169501 6 0 theme lower 1482:1486 arg1 level 1499:1503 A lower biofouling level 1480:1503 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water 1480:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 1 1 theme benzyl 316:321 arg1 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 1 theme benzyl 316:321 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 2 theme bacteriostasis 1270:1283 arg1 rate 1285:1288 bacteriostasis rate 1270:1288 bacteriostasis rate of 93% 1270:1295 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 3 theme antibacterial 1246:1258 arg1 due 1367:1369 due 1367:1369 due 1367:1369 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 3 theme antibacterial 1246:1258 arg1 activity 1260:1267 the improved antibacterial activity 1233:1267 the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) 1233:1296 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 4 theme surface 1411:1417 arg1 roughness 1419:1427 higher surface roughness 1404:1427 higher surface roughness 1404:1427 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 5 theme source 1564:1569 arg1 water 1571:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 5 6 dep performance 1314:1324 arg1 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 6 dep performance 1314:1324 arg1 rate 1341:1344 flux recovery rate 1327:1344 flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90% 1327:1358 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 7 theme actual 1542:1547 arg1 water 1571:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 2 8 theme induced 584:590 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 9 theme water 1169:1173 arg1 flux 1175:1178 a water flux 1167:1178 a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1167:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 1 10 theme bonding 262:268 arg1 nanosheets 378:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 10 theme bonding 262:268 arg1 ZnO 350:352 ZnO 350:352 ZnO 350:352 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 10 theme bonding 262:268 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 10 theme bonding 262:268 arg1 bactericides 277:288 bonding common bactericides 262:288 bonding common bactericides 262:288 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 4 11 theme practical 998:1006 arg1 application 1008:1018 practical application 998:1018 practical application in micro-polluted source water purification 998:1062 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 6 12 theme GO/CNC 1647:1652 arg1 nanocomposite 1654:1666 the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite 1613:1666 embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix 1603:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 12 theme GO/CNC 1647:1652 arg1 strategy 1708:1715 an effective strategy 1695:1715 an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability 1695:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 2 13 theme NIPS 610:613 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 6 14 theme anti-biofouling 1737:1751 arg1 ability 1753:1759 membrane anti-biofouling ability 1728:1759 membrane anti-biofouling ability 1728:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 2 15 theme separation 598:607 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 16 theme enhanced 1136:1143 arg1 perm-selectivity 1145:1160 an enhanced perm-selectivity 1133:1160 an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1133:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 17 theme superior 969:976 arg1 membrane 985:992 a superior hybrid membrane 967:992 a superior hybrid membrane 967:992 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 18 theme flux 1327:1330 arg1 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 18 theme flux 1327:1330 arg1 rate 1341:1344 flux recovery rate 1327:1344 flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90% 1327:1358 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 19 dep water 1045:1049 arg1 purification 1051:1062 purification 1051:1062 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 1 20 theme functionalized 188:201 arg1 nanocrystal 213:223 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal 173:223 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites 173:240 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 20 theme functionalized 188:201 arg1 CNC 226:228 CNC 226:228 CNC 226:228 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 21 dep activity 1260:1267 arg1 rate 1285:1288 bacteriostasis rate 1270:1288 bacteriostasis rate of 93% 1270:1295 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 0 22 theme PVDF 97:100 arg1 membrane 118:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 3 23 theme hybrid 639:644 arg1 membranes 646:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 1 24 theme nanocrystal 213:223 arg1 composites 231:240 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites 173:240 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites 173:240 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 6 25 theme effective 1698:1706 arg1 strategy 1708:1715 an effective strategy 1695:1715 an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability 1695:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 25 theme effective 1698:1706 arg1 nanocomposite 1654:1666 the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite 1613:1666 embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix 1603:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 4 26 theme antibacterial 812:824 arg1 performance 842:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 0 27 theme micro-polluted 131:144 arg1 purification 159:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 28 theme L/ 1187:1188 arg1 flux 1175:1178 a water flux 1167:1178 a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1167:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 29 theme source 1038:1043 arg1 water 1045:1049 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 1 30 dep oxide 367:371 arg1 GO 374:375 GO 374:375 GO 374:375 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 4 31 theme antifouling 830:840 arg1 performance 842:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 32 theme % 1358:1358 arg1 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 32 theme % 1358:1358 arg1 rate 1341:1344 flux recovery rate 1327:1344 flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90% 1327:1358 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 33 from application 1008:1018 arg1 water 1045:1049 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 34 theme m2 1190:1191 arg1 L/ 1187:1188 230 L/ 1183:1188 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1183:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 34 theme m2 1190:1191 arg1 bar 1195:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 35 theme polymer 1677:1683 arg1 matrix 1685:1690 the polymer matrix 1673:1690 the polymer matrix 1673:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 2 36 theme nanocomposites 454:467 arg1 membranes 525:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 37 with perm-selectivity 1145:1160 arg1 flux 1175:1178 a water flux 1167:1178 a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1167:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 0 38 theme Optimized 0:8 arg1 performance 26:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance 0:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals 0:75 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 39 theme % 1230:1230 arg1 perm-selectivity 1145:1160 an enhanced perm-selectivity 1133:1160 an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1133:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 39 theme % 1230:1230 arg1 rejection 1215:1223 humic acid rejection 1204:1223 humic acid rejection of 92% 1204:1230 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 40 theme hybrid 875:880 arg1 membranes 898:906 the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes 871:906 the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes 871:906 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 0 41 theme bactericides/cellulose 41:62 arg1 nanocrystals 64:75 bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals 41:75 bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals 41:75 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 42 theme acid 1210:1213 arg1 rejection 1215:1223 humic acid rejection 1204:1223 humic acid rejection of 92% 1204:1230 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 2 43 theme polyvinylidene 478:491 arg1 PVDF 503:506 PVDF 503:506 PVDF 503:506 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 2 43 theme polyvinylidene 478:491 arg1 fluoride 493:500 modified polyvinylidene fluoride 469:500 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 4 44 theme membranes 898:906 arg1 mechanism 858:866 mechanism 858:866 mechanism 858:866 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 4 44 theme membranes 898:906 arg1 performance 842:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 antibacterial and antifouling performance 812:852 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 4 44 theme membranes 898:906 arg1 permeability 798:809 permeability 798:809 permeability 798:809 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 4 44 theme membranes 898:906 arg1 hydrophilicity 782:795 hydrophilicity 782:795 hydrophilicity 782:795 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 1 45 theme graphene 358:365 arg1 oxide 367:371 graphene oxide 358:371 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 46 theme higher 1404:1409 arg1 roughness 1419:1427 higher surface roughness 1404:1427 higher surface roughness 1404:1427 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 47 theme newly-developed 1077:1091 arg1 membranes 1100:1108 these newly-developed hybrid membranes 1071:1108 these newly-developed hybrid membranes 1071:1108 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 48 theme optimized 1378:1386 arg1 structure 1393:1401 the optimized pore structure 1374:1401 the optimized pore structure 1374:1401 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 49 theme biofouling 1488:1497 arg1 level 1499:1503 A lower biofouling level 1480:1503 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water 1480:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 1 50 theme dimethyl 307:314 arg1 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 50 theme dimethyl 307:314 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 51 theme ammonium 323:330 arg1 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 51 theme ammonium 323:330 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 52 with rejection 1215:1223 arg1 flux 1175:1178 a water flux 1167:1178 a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1167:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 53 theme water 1571:1575 arg1 filtration 1524:1533 three weeks' filtration 1511:1533 three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water 1511:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 3 54 theme entire 756:761 arg1 cross-section 763:775 the entire cross-section 752:775 the entire cross-section 752:775 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 6 55 theme micro-polluted 1549:1562 arg1 water 1571:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 the actual micro-polluted source water 1538:1575 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 5 56 theme incremental 1430:1440 arg1 hydrophilicity 1442:1455 incremental hydrophilicity 1430:1455 incremental hydrophilicity 1430:1455 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 57 theme hybrid 978:983 arg1 membrane 985:992 a superior hybrid membrane 967:992 a superior hybrid membrane 967:992 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 1 58 theme common 270:275 arg1 nanosheets 378:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 58 theme common 270:275 arg1 ZnO 350:352 ZnO 350:352 ZnO 350:352 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 58 theme common 270:275 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 58 theme common 270:275 arg1 bactericides 277:288 bonding common bactericides 262:288 bonding common bactericides 262:288 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 2 59 theme simple 556:561 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 60 theme 230 1183:1185 arg1 L/ 1187:1188 230 L/ 1183:1188 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1183:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 60 theme 230 1183:1185 arg1 bar 1195:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 6 61 theme antibacterial 1633:1645 arg1 nanocomposite 1654:1666 the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite 1613:1666 embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix 1603:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 61 theme antibacterial 1633:1645 arg1 strategy 1708:1715 an effective strategy 1695:1715 an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability 1695:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 62 theme membrane 1728:1735 arg1 ability 1753:1759 membrane anti-biofouling ability 1728:1759 membrane anti-biofouling ability 1728:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 63 theme hydrophilic 1617:1627 arg1 nanocomposite 1654:1666 the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite 1613:1666 embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix 1603:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 63 theme hydrophilic 1617:1627 arg1 strategy 1708:1715 an effective strategy 1695:1715 an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability 1695:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 4 64 dep hydrophilicity 782:795 arg1 The 778:780 The 778:780 The 778:780 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 2 65 theme phase 592:596 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 66 theme recovery 1332:1339 arg1 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 FRR 1347:1349 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 66 theme recovery 1332:1339 arg1 rate 1341:1344 flux recovery rate 1327:1344 flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90% 1327:1358 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 0 67 theme ultrafiltration 102:116 arg1 membrane 118:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 3 68 theme resultant 629:637 arg1 membranes 646:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 6 69 theme embedding 1603:1611 arg1 nanocomposite 1654:1666 the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite 1613:1666 embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix 1603:1690 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 6 69 theme embedding 1603:1611 arg1 strategy 1708:1715 an effective strategy 1695:1715 an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability 1695:1759 A lower biofouling level after three weeks' filtration of the actual micro-polluted source water further demonstrated that embedding the hydrophilic and antibacterial GO/CNC nanocomposite into the polymer matrix is an effective strategy to improve membrane anti-biofouling ability. 31169501 1 70 theme cellulose 203:211 arg1 nanocrystal 213:223 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal 173:223 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites 173:240 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 70 theme cellulose 203:211 arg1 CNC 226:228 CNC 226:228 CNC 226:228 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 2 71 theme ultrafiltration 509:523 arg1 membranes 525:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 2 72 theme non-solvent 572:582 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 5 73 theme antifouling 1302:1312 arg1 performance 1314:1324 antifouling performance 1302:1324 antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) 1302:1359 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 0 74 theme source 146:151 arg1 purification 159:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 75 theme humic 1204:1208 arg1 rejection 1215:1223 humic acid rejection 1204:1223 humic acid rejection of 92% 1204:1230 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 4 76 theme micro-polluted 1023:1036 arg1 water 1045:1049 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 micro-polluted source water purification 1023:1062 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 0 77 theme anti-biofouling 10:24 arg1 performance 26:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance 0:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals 0:75 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 78 theme h 1193:1193 arg1 L/ 1187:1188 230 L/ 1183:1188 230 L/(m2 h bar) 1183:1198 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 78 theme h 1193:1193 arg1 bar 1195:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 m2 h bar 1190:1197 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 2 79 theme one-step 563:570 arg1 process 616:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process 554:622 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 2 80 theme ZnO/CNC 435:441 arg1 membranes 525:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 3 81 theme rough 677:681 arg1 surfaces 683:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 0 82 theme nanocrystals 64:75 arg1 performance 26:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance 0:36 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals 0:75 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 5 83 theme improved 1237:1244 arg1 due 1367:1369 due 1367:1369 due 1367:1369 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 5 83 theme improved 1237:1244 arg1 activity 1260:1267 the improved antibacterial activity 1233:1267 the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) 1233:1296 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 2 84 theme fluoride 493:500 arg1 membranes 525:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 3 85 theme porous 666:671 arg1 surfaces 683:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 5 86 theme pore 1388:1391 arg1 structure 1393:1401 the optimized pore structure 1374:1401 the optimized pore structure 1374:1401 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 0 87 theme water 153:157 arg1 purification 159:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 micro-polluted source water purification 131:170 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 0 88 theme modified 88:95 arg1 membrane 118:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane 88:125 Optimized anti-biofouling performance of bactericides/cellulose nanocrystals composites modified PVDF ultrafiltration membrane for micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 2 89 theme modified 469:476 arg1 PVDF 503:506 PVDF 503:506 PVDF 503:506 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 2 89 theme modified 469:476 arg1 fluoride 493:500 modified polyvinylidene fluoride 469:500 the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes 420:533 Then, the DDBAC/CNC, ZnO/CNC and GO/CNC nanocomposites modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were fabricated by a simple one-step non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. 31169501 3 90 theme finger-like 702:712 arg1 macropores 714:723 more finger-like macropores 697:723 more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section 697:775 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 4 91 theme ultrafiltration 882:896 arg1 membranes 898:906 the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes 871:906 the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes 871:906 The hydrophilicity, permeability, antibacterial and antifouling performance and mechanism of the hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were evaluated and compared in detail, aiming at screening a superior hybrid membrane for practical application in micro-polluted source water purification. 31169501 1 92 theme oxide 367:371 arg1 nanosheets 378:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 358:387 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 93 theme hybrid 1093:1098 arg1 membranes 1100:1108 these newly-developed hybrid membranes 1071:1108 these newly-developed hybrid membranes 1071:1108 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 31169501 3 94 contain possessed 656:664 arg2 surfaces 683:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 porous and rough surfaces 666:690 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 3 94 contain possessed 656:664 arg1 membranes 646:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes 625:654 The resultant hybrid membranes possessed porous and rough surfaces with more finger-like macropores that even extended through the entire cross-section. 31169501 1 95 theme dodecyl 299:305 arg1 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 DDBAC 342:346 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 1 95 theme dodecyl 299:305 arg1 chloride 332:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 299:339 dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) 299:347 The covalently functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) composites were synthesized by bonding common bactericides, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, onto the CNC's surface. 31169501 5 96 theme % 1295:1295 arg1 rate 1285:1288 bacteriostasis rate 1270:1288 bacteriostasis rate of 93% 1270:1295 Among these newly-developed hybrid membranes, GO/CNC/PVDF exhibited an enhanced perm-selectivity with a water flux of 230 L/(m2 h bar) and humic acid rejection of 92%, the improved antibacterial activity (bacteriostasis rate of 93%) and antifouling performance (flux recovery rate (FRR) of >90%) being due to the optimized pore structure, higher surface roughness, incremental hydrophilicity and electronegativity. 29414240 11 0 from component 1419:1427 arg1 engineering 1444:1454 biomaterial engineering 1432:1454 biomaterial engineering 1432:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 5 1 theme intra- 706:711 arg1 hemiacetals 732:742 intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals 706:742 intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals 706:742 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 9 2 theme interparticle 1207:1219 arg1 linkages 1230:1237 interparticle covalent linkages 1207:1237 interparticle covalent linkages 1207:1237 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 4 3 theme film 545:548 arg1 components 550:559 the film components 541:559 the film components 541:559 The functionalities were obtained combining premodification of the film components by periodate oxidation with ozone post-treatment. 29414240 11 4 theme cellulose 1365:1373 arg1 component 1419:1427 an interfacial component 1404:1427 an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering 1404:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 4 theme cellulose 1365:1373 arg1 " 1381:1381 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 5 5 theme nanocrystals 644:655 arg1 oxidation 621:629 Periodate oxidation 611:629 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals 611:655 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 7 6 theme individual 923:932 arg1 crystals 934:941 individual crystals 923:941 individual crystals 923:941 The ozone treatment on individual crystals was largely destructive. 29414240 11 7 theme crystalline 1353:1363 arg1 component 1419:1427 an interfacial component 1404:1427 an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering 1404:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 7 theme crystalline 1353:1363 arg1 " 1381:1381 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 3 8 theme nanocellulose 368:380 arg1 films 382:386 nanocellulose films 368:386 nanocellulose films 368:386 To contribute to the latter, nanocellulose films are tuned with a side-specific functionalization, having an aldehyde and a carboxyl side. 29414240 8 9 theme film 1049:1052 arg1 strength 1054:1061 the film strength 1045:1061 the film strength at break 1045:1070 Remarkably, such degradation is not observed for the self-standing film, and the film strength at break is preserved. 29414240 5 10 theme intermolecular 717:730 arg1 hemiacetals 732:742 intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals 706:742 intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals 706:742 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 10 11 theme gas-phase 1254:1262 arg1 post-treatment 1264:1277 gas-phase post-treatment 1254:1277 gas-phase post-treatment 1254:1277 Additionally, gas-phase post-treatment avoids disintegration that could result from immersion into solvents. 29414240 11 12 theme layered 1486:1492 arg1 materials 1504:1512 layered composite materials 1486:1512 layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers 1486:1552 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 9 13 theme dry 1171:1173 arg1 structure 1180:1188 the dry film structure 1167:1188 the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages 1167:1237 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 5 14 theme GPa 792:794 arg1 modulus 778:784 an elastic modulus 767:784 an elastic modulus of 11 GPa 767:794 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 5 15 theme film 668:671 arg1 components 673:682 film components 668:682 film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa 668:794 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 1 16 theme Nanocellulose-based 89:107 arg1 films 123:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films 89:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films 89:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films are becoming a substrate for flexible electronics, diagnostics, and sensors. 29414240 9 17 theme ozone 1130:1134 arg1 treatment 1136:1144 ozone treatment 1130:1144 ozone treatment 1130:1144 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 9 18 theme covalent 1221:1228 arg1 linkages 1230:1237 interparticle covalent linkages 1207:1237 interparticle covalent linkages 1207:1237 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 5 19 theme Periodate 611:619 arg1 oxidation 621:629 Periodate oxidation 611:629 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals 611:655 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 1 20 theme self-standing 109:121 arg1 films 123:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films 89:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films 89:127 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films are becoming a substrate for flexible electronics, diagnostics, and sensors. 29414240 11 21 theme composite 1494:1502 arg1 materials 1504:1512 layered composite materials 1486:1512 layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers 1486:1552 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 5 22 with films 756:760 arg1 modulus 778:784 an elastic modulus 767:784 an elastic modulus of 11 GPa 767:794 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 0 23 theme Nanocellulose 14:26 arg1 Films 39:43 Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films 14:43 Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films 14:43 Self-Standing Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films with Aldehyde and Carboxyl Functionalities. 29414240 6 24 theme side 829:832 arg1 treatment 807:815 The ozone treatment 797:815 The ozone treatment of one film side 797:832 The ozone treatment of one film side induces conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities. 29414240 7 25 theme ozone 904:908 arg1 treatment 910:918 The ozone treatment 900:918 The ozone treatment on individual crystals 900:941 The ozone treatment on individual crystals was largely destructive. 29414240 7 25 theme ozone 904:908 arg1 destructive 955:965 destructive 955:965 destructive 955:965 The ozone treatment on individual crystals was largely destructive. 29414240 2 26 dep former 293:298 arg1 one 303:305 one 303:305 one 303:305 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 26 dep former 293:298 arg1 assets 314:319 the assets 310:319 the assets of nanocellulose 310:336 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 4 27 theme ozone 589:593 arg1 post-treatment 595:608 ozone post-treatment 589:608 ozone post-treatment 589:608 The functionalities were obtained combining premodification of the film components by periodate oxidation with ozone post-treatment. 29414240 11 28 theme Janus 1376:1380 arg1 component 1419:1427 an interfacial component 1404:1427 an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering 1404:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 28 theme Janus 1376:1380 arg1 " 1381:1381 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 6 29 theme film 824:827 arg1 side 829:832 one film side 820:832 one film side 820:832 The ozone treatment of one film side induces conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities. 29414240 2 30 theme nanocellulose 324:336 arg1 assets 314:319 the assets 310:319 the assets of nanocellulose 310:336 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 11 31 theme interfacial 1407:1417 arg1 component 1419:1427 an interfacial component 1404:1427 an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering 1404:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 31 theme interfacial 1407:1417 arg1 technology 1468:1477 separation technology 1457:1477 separation technology 1457:1477 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 31 theme interfacial 1407:1417 arg1 " 1381:1381 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film 1349:1386 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 5 32 theme cellulose 634:642 arg1 nanocrystals 644:655 cellulose nanocrystals 634:655 cellulose nanocrystals 634:655 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 6 33 theme aldehyde 860:867 arg1 conversion 842:851 conversion 842:851 conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities 842:897 The ozone treatment of one film side induces conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities. 29414240 0 34 theme Janus-Type 28:37 arg1 Films 39:43 Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films 14:43 Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films 14:43 Self-Standing Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films with Aldehyde and Carboxyl Functionalities. 29414240 9 35 theme film 1175:1178 arg1 structure 1180:1188 the dry film structure 1167:1188 the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages 1167:1237 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 2 36 theme assets 314:319 arg1 one 303:305 one 303:305 one 303:305 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 36 theme assets 314:319 arg1 assets 314:319 the assets 310:319 the assets of nanocellulose 310:336 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 11 37 theme tunable 1518:1524 arg1 affinity 1526:1533 tunable affinity 1518:1533 tunable affinity between the layers 1518:1552 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 5 38 theme elastic 770:776 arg1 modulus 778:784 an elastic modulus 767:784 an elastic modulus of 11 GPa 767:794 Periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals results in film components that interact through intra- and intermolecular hemiacetals and lead to films with an elastic modulus of 11 GPa. 29414240 9 39 theme intact 1110:1115 arg1 film 1117:1120 a physically intact film 1097:1120 a physically intact film 1097:1120 Preserving a physically intact film despite ozone treatment is a credit to using the dry film structure held together by interparticle covalent linkages. 29414240 2 40 theme film-based 267:276 arg1 endeavors 278:286 these film-based endeavors 261:286 these film-based endeavors 261:286 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 40 theme film-based 267:276 arg1 former 293:298 former 293:298 former 293:298 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 3 41 theme carboxyl 463:470 arg1 side 472:475 a carboxyl side 461:475 a carboxyl side 461:475 To contribute to the latter, nanocellulose films are tuned with a side-specific functionalization, having an aldehyde and a carboxyl side. 29414240 11 42 theme biomaterial 1432:1442 arg1 engineering 1444:1454 biomaterial engineering 1432:1454 biomaterial engineering 1432:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 0 43 theme Carboxyl 63:70 arg1 Functionalities 72:86 Carboxyl Functionalities 63:86 Carboxyl Functionalities 63:86 Self-Standing Nanocellulose Janus-Type Films with Aldehyde and Carboxyl Functionalities. 29414240 4 44 theme components 550:559 arg1 premodification 522:536 premodification 522:536 premodification of the film components by periodate oxidation 522:582 The functionalities were obtained combining premodification of the film components by periodate oxidation with ozone post-treatment. 29414240 8 45 theme such 980:983 arg1 degradation 985:995 such degradation 980:995 such degradation 980:995 Remarkably, such degradation is not observed for the self-standing film, and the film strength at break is preserved. 29414240 2 46 theme vital 241:245 arg1 Strength 206:213 Strength 206:213 Strength 206:213 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 46 theme vital 241:245 arg1 chemistry 227:235 surface chemistry 219:235 surface chemistry 219:235 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 46 theme vital 241:245 arg1 variables 247:255 vital variables 241:255 vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose 241:336 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 6 47 theme ozone 801:805 arg1 treatment 807:815 The ozone treatment 797:815 The ozone treatment of one film side 797:832 The ozone treatment of one film side induces conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities. 29414240 4 48 theme periodate 564:572 arg1 oxidation 574:582 periodate oxidation 564:582 periodate oxidation 564:582 The functionalities were obtained combining premodification of the film components by periodate oxidation with ozone post-treatment. 29414240 1 49 theme flexible 158:165 arg1 electronics 167:177 flexible electronics 158:177 flexible electronics 158:177 Nanocellulose-based self-standing films are becoming a substrate for flexible electronics, diagnostics, and sensors. 29414240 6 50 theme carboxyl 874:881 arg1 functionalities 883:897 carboxyl functionalities 874:897 carboxyl functionalities 874:897 The ozone treatment of one film side induces conversion of the aldehyde into carboxyl functionalities. 29414240 11 51 theme separation 1457:1466 arg1 component 1419:1427 an interfacial component 1404:1427 an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering 1404:1454 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 11 51 theme separation 1457:1466 arg1 technology 1468:1477 separation technology 1457:1477 separation technology 1457:1477 The crystalline cellulose "Janus" film is suggested as an interfacial component in biomaterial engineering, separation technology, or in layered composite materials for tunable affinity between the layers. 29414240 2 52 theme surface 219:225 arg1 Strength 206:213 Strength 206:213 Strength 206:213 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 52 theme surface 219:225 arg1 chemistry 227:235 surface chemistry 219:235 surface chemistry 219:235 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 2 52 theme surface 219:225 arg1 variables 247:255 vital variables 241:255 vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose 241:336 Strength and surface chemistry are vital variables for these film-based endeavors, the former is one of the assets of nanocellulose. 29414240 7 53 from treatment 910:918 arg1 crystals 934:941 individual crystals 923:941 individual crystals 923:941 The ozone treatment on individual crystals was largely destructive. 29414240 8 54 from break 1066:1070 arg1 strength 1054:1061 the film strength 1045:1061 the film strength at break 1045:1070 Remarkably, such degradation is not observed for the self-standing film, and the film strength at break is preserved. 29414240 3 55 theme side-specific 405:417 arg1 functionalization 419:435 a side-specific functionalization 403:435 a side-specific functionalization 403:435 To contribute to the latter, nanocellulose films are tuned with a side-specific functionalization, having an aldehyde and a carboxyl side. 29414240 8 56 theme self-standing 1021:1033 arg1 film 1035:1038 the self-standing film 1017:1038 the self-standing film 1017:1038 Remarkably, such degradation is not observed for the self-standing film, and the film strength at break is preserved. 29464911 0 0 theme Resistant 72:80 arg1 Starch 82:87 Resistant Starch 72:87 Resistant Starch 72:87 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 5 1 theme Total 890:894 arg1 bacteria 896:903 Total bacteria 890:903 Total bacteria 890:903 Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. 29464911 6 2 theme fat 1060:1062 arg1 accretion 1064:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 7 3 theme microbiota 1302:1311 arg1 composition 1313:1323 microbiota composition 1302:1323 microbiota composition 1302:1323 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 4 4 theme OP 761:762 arg1 rats 764:767 OP rats 761:767 OP rats 761:767 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 4 5 dep elicited 773:780 arg1 contents 819:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 4 5 dep elicited 773:780 arg1 peptide 878:884 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 4 5 dep elicited 773:780 arg1 acids 847:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 6 6 theme higher 1043:1048 arg1 accretion 1064:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 4 7 theme fatty 841:845 arg1 acids 847:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 8 8 theme greater 1380:1386 arg1 weight 1388:1393 greater weight 1380:1393 greater weight 1380:1393 CONCLUSIONS Robust fermentation did not contribute to greater weight. 29464911 4 9 theme glucagon-like 864:876 arg1 peptide 878:884 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 6 10 theme weight 1050:1055 arg1 accretion 1064:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 higher weight or fat accretion 1043:1072 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 1 11 used used 153:156 arg2 study 147:151 This study 142:151 This study 142:151 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 3 12 theme Energy 654:659 arg1 intake 661:666 Energy intake 654:666 Energy intake 654:666 Energy intake, body weight, fermentation variables, and microbiota composition were determined. 29464911 1 13 theme weight 227:232 arg1 gain 234:237 weight gain 227:237 weight gain 227:237 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 6 14 theme same 1122:1125 arg1 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 6 14 theme same 1122:1125 arg1 diets 1138:1142 the same isocaloric diets 1118:1142 the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS) 1118:1155 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 1 15 theme resistant 328:336 arg1 starch 338:343 resistant starch 328:343 resistant starch (RS) 328:348 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 1 15 theme resistant 328:336 arg1 RS 346:347 RS 346:347 RS 346:347 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 2 16 theme HF 491:492 arg1 diet 494:497 either an HF diet 481:497 diet 494:497 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 17 dep group 635:639 arg1 HF-LFRS 644:650 HF-LFRS 644:650 group 3: HF-LFRS 635:650 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 0 18 theme Weight 107:112 arg1 Accretion 121:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 9 19 theme microbiota 1431:1440 arg1 composition 1442:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 2 20 theme LF 579:580 arg1 diet 582:585 an LF diet 576:585 an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS) 576:651 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 1 21 theme CD 158:159 arg1 OP 176:177 CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats 158:210 OP 176:177 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 0 22 theme Increased 97:105 arg1 Accretion 121:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 7 23 theme body 1170:1173 arg1 weight 1175:1180 body weight 1170:1180 body weight 1170:1180 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 3 24 theme body 669:672 arg1 weight 674:679 body weight 669:679 body weight 669:679 Energy intake, body weight, fermentation variables, and microbiota composition were determined. 29464911 1 25 theme obesity-prone 161:173 arg1 OP 176:177 CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats 158:210 OP 176:177 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 0 26 theme Obesity-Prone 3:15 arg1 Rats 17:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats 0:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats 0:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 7 27 theme OR 1161:1162 arg1 rats 1164:1167 OR rats 1161:1167 OR rats 1161:1167 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 0 28 theme CD 0:1 arg1 Rats 17:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats 0:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats 0:20 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 5 29 theme family 935:940 arg1 S24-7 942:946 the Bacteroidales family S24-7 917:946 the Bacteroidales family S24-7 917:946 Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. 29464911 2 30 theme low-fat 538:544 arg1 diet 551:554 a low-fat (LF) diet 536:554 a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) 536:571 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 31 theme % 607:607 arg1 RS 609:610 20% RS 605:610 20% RS 605:610 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 4 32 theme cecal 813:817 arg1 contents 819:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 5 33 theme S24-7 942:946 arg1 species 906:912 species 906:912 species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7 906:946 Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. 29464911 5 33 theme S24-7 942:946 arg1 bacteria 896:903 Total bacteria 890:903 Total bacteria 890:903 Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. 29464911 0 34 theme Fat 117:119 arg1 Accretion 121:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 Increased Weight or Fat Accretion 97:129 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 1 35 dep OBJECTIVE 132:140 arg1 used 153:156 used 153:156 used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS) 153:348 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 2 36 theme 20 605:606 arg1 % 607:607 % 607:607 % 607:607 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 37 theme OR 385:386 arg1 rats 388:391 OR rats 385:391 OR rats 385:391 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 6 38 theme control 1101:1107 arg1 rats 1109:1112 control rats 1101:1112 control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS) 1101:1155 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 2 39 dep group 557:561 arg1 HF-LF 566:570 HF-LF 566:570 group 2: HF-LF 557:570 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 40 dep diet 551:554 arg1 group 557:561 group 2 557:563 group 2: HF-LF 557:570 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 41 dep diet 494:497 arg1 group 500:504 group 1 500:506 group 1: HF-HF 500:513 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 41 dep diet 494:497 arg1 either 481:486 either 481:486 either 481:486 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 3 42 theme fermentation 682:693 arg1 variables 695:703 fermentation variables 682:703 fermentation variables 682:703 Energy intake, body weight, fermentation variables, and microbiota composition were determined. 29464911 1 43 theme obesity-resistant 184:200 arg1 rats 207:210 CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats 158:210 rats 207:210 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 6 44 theme robust 1008:1013 arg1 fermentation 1015:1026 The robust fermentation 1004:1026 The robust fermentation 1004:1026 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 7 45 theme HF-LF ± RS 1232:1241 arg1 diets 1243:1247 HF-LF ± RS diets 1232:1247 HF-LF ± RS diets 1232:1247 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 2 46 theme OP 373:374 arg1 rats 376:379 OP rats 373:379 OP rats 373:379 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 7 47 from different 1214:1222 arg1 rats 1164:1167 OR rats 1161:1167 OR rats 1161:1167 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 9 48 from changes 1420:1426 arg1 composition 1442:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 8 49 dep CONCLUSIONS 1326:1336 arg1 fermentation 1345:1356 Robust fermentation 1338:1356 CONCLUSIONS Robust fermentation 1326:1356 CONCLUSIONS Robust fermentation did not contribute to greater weight. 29464911 8 50 theme Robust 1338:1343 arg1 fermentation 1345:1356 Robust fermentation 1338:1356 CONCLUSIONS Robust fermentation 1326:1356 CONCLUSIONS Robust fermentation did not contribute to greater weight. 29464911 2 51 dep group 500:504 arg1 HF-HF 509:513 HF-HF 509:513 group 1: HF-HF 500:513 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 1 52 theme fermentation 267:278 arg1 levels 280:285 fermentation levels 267:285 fermentation levels 267:285 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 6 53 theme isocaloric 1127:1136 arg1 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 HF-LF ± RS 1145:1154 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 6 53 theme isocaloric 1127:1136 arg1 diets 1138:1142 the same isocaloric diets 1118:1142 the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS) 1118:1155 The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF-LF ± RS). 29464911 7 54 theme minimal 1266:1272 arg1 changes 1274:1280 minimal changes 1266:1280 minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition 1266:1323 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 0 55 theme Obesity-Resistant 31:47 arg1 Rats 49:52 Obesity-Resistant Rats 31:52 Obesity-Resistant Rats 31:52 CD Obesity-Prone Rats, but not Obesity-Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion. 29464911 9 56 from levels 1409:1414 arg1 composition 1442:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 microbiota composition 1431:1452 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 9 57 theme obesity 1492:1498 arg1 phenotype 1500:1508 obesity phenotype 1492:1508 obesity phenotype 1492:1508 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 2 58 dep rats 376:379 arg1 HF 405:406 HF 405:406 HF 405:406 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 58 dep rats 376:379 arg1 diet 409:412 a high-fat (HF) diet 393:412 a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks 393:424 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 5 59 theme Bacteroidales 921:933 arg1 S24-7 942:946 the Bacteroidales family S24-7 917:946 the Bacteroidales family S24-7 917:946 Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24-7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. 29464911 4 60 theme increased 803:811 arg1 contents 819:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 increased cecal contents 803:826 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 9 61 theme Fermentation 1396:1407 arg1 levels 1409:1414 Fermentation levels 1396:1414 Fermentation levels 1396:1414 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 7 62 dep weight 1175:1180 arg1 accretion 1190:1198 accretion 1190:1198 accretion 1190:1198 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 1 63 theme OR 203:204 arg1 rats 207:210 CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats 158:210 rats 207:210 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 4 64 dep RESULTS 750:756 arg1 elicited 773:780 elicited 773:780 elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1) 773:887 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 7 65 from changes 1274:1280 arg1 fermentation 1285:1296 fermentation 1285:1296 fermentation 1285:1296 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 7 65 from changes 1274:1280 arg1 composition 1313:1323 microbiota composition 1302:1323 microbiota composition 1302:1323 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 3 66 theme microbiota 710:719 arg1 composition 721:731 microbiota composition 710:731 microbiota composition 710:731 Energy intake, body weight, fermentation variables, and microbiota composition were determined. 29464911 4 67 theme serum 858:862 arg1 peptide 878:884 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 858:886 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 9 68 dep RS 1477:1478 arg1 response 1457:1464 response 1457:1464 response 1457:1464 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 29464911 4 69 theme short-chain 829:839 arg1 acids 847:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 short-chain fatty acids 829:851 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 7 70 from rats 1164:1167 arg1 different 1214:1222 different 1214:1222 different 1214:1222 In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF-LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition. 29464911 4 71 theme robust 782:787 arg1 fermentation 789:800 robust fermentation 782:800 robust fermentation 782:800 RESULTS In OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short-chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon-like peptide 1). 29464911 1 72 theme microbiota 291:300 arg1 composition 302:312 microbiota composition 291:312 microbiota composition 291:312 OBJECTIVE This study used CD obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS). 29464911 2 73 dep METHODS 351:357 arg1 switched 524:531 switched 524:531 were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS) 519:651 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 73 dep METHODS 351:357 arg1 fed 477:479 fed 477:479 were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) 472:514 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 73 dep METHODS 351:357 arg1 stratified 437:446 stratified 437:446 were stratified into three groups 432:464 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 74 dep diet 582:585 arg1 group 635:639 group 3 635:641 group 3: HF-LFRS 635:650 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 75 theme high-fat 395:402 arg1 HF 405:406 HF 405:406 HF 405:406 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 2 75 theme high-fat 395:402 arg1 diet 409:412 a high-fat (HF) diet 393:412 a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks 393:424 METHODS After feeding OP rats and OR rats a high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF-HF) or were switched to a low-fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF-LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF-LFRS). 29464911 9 76 theme dietary 1469:1475 arg1 RS 1477:1478 dietary RS 1469:1478 dietary RS 1469:1478 Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype. 30423758 6 0 theme highest 1063:1069 arg1 strength 1091:1098 the highest average compressive strength 1059:1098 the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30 1059:1153 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 3 1 theme porosity 696:703 arg1 strength 721:728 The porosity and compressive strength 692:728 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds 692:758 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds were evaluated. 30423758 1 2 theme bone 260:263 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds 237:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 237:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 9 3 theme evident 1631:1637 arg1 GCH30 1593:1597 GCH30 1593:1597 GCH30 1593:1597 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 1 4 theme physicochemical 442:456 arg1 properties 485:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 11 5 theme bone 1993:1996 arg1 formation 1998:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 9 6 theme higher 1644:1649 arg1 expression 1683:1692 osteocalcin expression 1671:1692 osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1671:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 6 theme higher 1644:1649 arg1 amount 1651:1656 higher amount 1644:1656 higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1644:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 6 theme higher 1644:1649 arg1 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 6 7 theme GCH30 1036:1040 arg1 scaffolds 1042:1050 GCH30 scaffolds 1036:1050 GCH30 scaffolds 1036:1050 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 1 8 theme mechanical 459:468 arg1 properties 485:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 2 9 theme bioactive 615:623 arg1 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 6 10 theme cellular 1216:1223 arg1 colonization 1225:1236 cellular colonization 1216:1236 cellular colonization 1216:1236 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 1 11 theme osteogenic 474:483 arg1 properties 485:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 438:494 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 9 12 from RUNX2 1661:1665 arg1 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 2 13 theme GC 564:565 arg1 composites 567:576 gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites 538:576 composites 567:576 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 10 14 theme bioactive 1756:1764 arg1 particles 1772:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 7 15 theme osteogenic 1365:1374 arg1 medium 1376:1381 osteogenic medium 1365:1381 osteogenic medium 1365:1381 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 3 16 theme scaffolds 750:758 arg1 strength 721:728 The porosity and compressive strength 692:728 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds 692:758 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds were evaluated. 30423758 12 17 from bioactivity 2185:2195 arg1 regeneration 2212:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 9 18 from amount 1651:1656 arg1 evident 1631:1637 evident 1631:1637 evident 1631:1637 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 18 from amount 1651:1656 arg1 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 19 theme expression 1683:1692 arg1 expression 1683:1692 osteocalcin expression 1671:1692 osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1671:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 19 theme expression 1683:1692 arg1 amount 1651:1656 higher amount 1644:1656 higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1644:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 19 theme expression 1683:1692 arg1 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 20 dep GCH30 1593:1597 arg1 the 1589:1591 the 1589:1591 the 1589:1591 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 10 21 theme particles 1772:1780 arg1 Inclusion 1739:1747 Inclusion 1739:1747 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles 1739:1780 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 2 22 theme % 594:594 arg1 HAp 596:598 30 wt% HAp 589:598 30 wt% HAp 589:598 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 6 23 theme porosity 1191:1198 arg1 degree 1166:1171 high degree 1161:1171 high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization 1161:1236 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 1 24 theme bio 407:409 arg1 glass 418:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 25 theme active 411:416 arg1 glass 418:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 5 26 theme porosimetry 1014:1024 arg1 analysis 1026:1033 Hg porosimetry analysis 1011:1033 Hg porosimetry analysis 1011:1033 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 11 27 theme greater 1971:1977 arg1 amount 1979:1984 a significantly greater amount 1955:1984 a significantly greater amount of new bone formation 1955:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 11 27 theme greater 1971:1977 arg1 formation 1998:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 6 28 theme high 1161:1164 arg1 degree 1166:1171 high degree 1161:1171 high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization 1161:1236 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 12 29 dep material 2161:2168 arg1 substitute 2150:2159 substitute 2150:2159 substitute 2150:2159 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 10 30 theme positive 1789:1796 arg1 effects 1798:1804 positive effects 1789:1804 positive effects on cell differentiation 1789:1828 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 5 31 theme pore 892:895 arg1 size 897:900 Most frequent pore size 878:900 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold 878:919 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 5 31 theme pore 892:895 arg1 highest 929:935 highest 929:935 highest 929:935 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 9 32 from former 1701:1706 arg1 expression 1683:1692 osteocalcin expression 1671:1692 osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1671:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 32 from former 1701:1706 arg1 amount 1651:1656 higher amount 1644:1656 higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1644:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 32 from former 1701:1706 arg1 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 2 33 theme Gelatin-chitosan 497:512 arg1 scaffolds 520:528 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds 497:528 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 497:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 11 34 from analysis 1892:1899 arg1 model 1942:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 0 35 theme nanoceramic 101:111 arg1 scaffolds 123:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds 74:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 74:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 5 36 from size 897:900 arg1 scaffold 912:919 GCT 30 scaffold 905:919 GCT 30 scaffold 905:919 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 9 37 theme differentiation 1511:1525 arg1 Degree 1501:1506 Degree 1501:1506 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast 1501:1549 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 8 38 theme composite 1480:1488 arg1 scaffolds 1490:1498 other composite scaffolds 1474:1498 other composite scaffolds 1474:1498 GCB30 scaffold showed higher capacity to proliferate MSCs cultured onto it as compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 4 39 theme average 780:786 arg1 size 793:796 The average pore size 776:796 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds 776:836 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds was in the range between 90 and 125 μm. 30423758 9 40 theme MSCs 1530:1533 arg1 differentiation 1511:1525 differentiation 1511:1525 differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast 1511:1549 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 11 41 theme histomorphometric 1874:1890 arg1 analysis 1892:1899 histomorphometric analysis 1874:1899 histomorphometric analysis 1874:1899 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 0 42 theme bone 137:140 arg1 regeneration 149:160 bone tissue regeneration 137:160 bone tissue regeneration 137:160 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 0 43 dep scaffolds 123:131 arg1 vitro 166:170 In vitro 163:170 In vitro 163:170 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 0 43 dep scaffolds 123:131 arg1 vivo 179:182 in vivo 176:182 in vivo 176:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 10 44 from effects 1798:1804 arg1 differentiation 1814:1828 cell differentiation 1809:1828 cell differentiation 1809:1828 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 11 45 theme rabbit 1929:1934 arg1 model 1942:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 2 46 theme drying 674:679 arg1 technique 681:689 freeze drying technique 667:689 freeze drying technique 667:689 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 12 47 theme bone 2200:2203 arg1 regeneration 2212:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 2 48 contain containing 578:587 arg2 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 2 48 contain containing 578:587 arg1 GC 556:557 GC 556:557 GC 556:557 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 2 48 contain containing 578:587 arg1 gelatin-chitosan 538:553 gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites 538:576 gelatin-chitosan 538:553 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 0 49 theme mechanical 18:27 arg1 properties 60:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties 14:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 14:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 4 50 theme scaffolds 828:836 arg1 size 793:796 The average pore size 776:796 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds 776:836 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds was in the range between 90 and 125 μm. 30423758 0 51 theme physiochemical 30:43 arg1 properties 60:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties 14:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 14:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 1 52 theme bioactive 314:322 arg1 nanoparticles 324:336 three different bioactive nanoparticles 298:336 three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 298:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 52 theme bioactive 314:322 arg1 hydroxyapatite 346:359 hydroxyapatite 346:359 hydroxyapatite (HAp) 346:365 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 52 theme bioactive 314:322 arg1 phosphate 381:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate 368:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) 368:397 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 52 theme bioactive 314:322 arg1 glass 418:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 7 53 theme bioceramic 1272:1281 arg1 phases 1283:1288 different bioceramic phases 1262:1288 different bioceramic phases 1262:1288 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 8 54 theme GCB30 1384:1388 arg1 scaffold 1390:1397 GCB30 scaffold 1384:1397 GCB30 scaffold 1384:1397 GCB30 scaffold showed higher capacity to proliferate MSCs cultured onto it as compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 0 55 theme osteogenic 49:58 arg1 properties 60:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties 14:69 the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 14:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 6 56 theme 3.45 MPa 1103:1110 arg1 strength 1091:1098 the highest average compressive strength 1059:1098 the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30 1059:1153 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 4 57 theme prepared 809:816 arg1 scaffolds 828:836 all the prepared composite scaffolds 801:836 all the prepared composite scaffolds 801:836 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds was in the range between 90 and 125 μm. 30423758 11 58 theme in 1853:1854 arg1 appearance 1862:1871 the in vitro appearance 1849:1871 the in vitro appearance 1849:1871 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 9 59 theme composite 1609:1617 arg1 scaffold 1619:1626 GCT30 composite scaffold 1603:1626 GCT30 composite scaffold 1603:1626 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 6 60 theme average 1071:1077 arg1 strength 1091:1098 the highest average compressive strength 1059:1098 the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30 1059:1153 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 9 61 theme cell 1725:1728 arg1 culture 1730:1736 cell culture 1725:1736 cell culture 1725:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 1 62 theme based 254:258 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds 237:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 237:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 2 63 theme β-TCP 601:605 arg1 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 11 64 theme new 1989:1991 arg1 formation 1998:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 1 65 theme scaffolds 265:273 arg1 efficacy 225:232 the efficacy 221:232 the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 221:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 2 66 theme HAp 596:598 arg1 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 3 67 theme prepared 741:748 arg1 scaffolds 750:758 all the prepared scaffolds 733:758 all the prepared scaffolds 733:758 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds were evaluated. 30423758 2 68 theme glass 625:629 arg1 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 10 69 theme 58s 1752:1754 arg1 particles 1772:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 2 70 theme 58s 611:613 arg1 nanoparticles 631:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 589:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 7 71 from effect 1252:1257 arg1 differentiation 1298:1312 MSCs differentiation 1293:1312 MSCs differentiation 1293:1312 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 11 72 theme formation 1998:2006 arg1 amount 1979:1984 a significantly greater amount 1955:1984 a significantly greater amount of new bone formation 1955:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 11 72 theme formation 1998:2006 arg1 formation 1998:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 new bone formation 1989:2006 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 1 73 theme work 201:204 arg1 aim 189:191 The aim 185:191 The aim of this work 185:204 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 9 74 theme osteocalcin 1671:1681 arg1 expression 1683:1692 osteocalcin expression 1671:1692 osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1671:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 75 dep 14 days 1714:1720 arg1 up 1708:1709 up 1708:1709 up 1708:1709 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 76 theme RUNX2 1661:1665 arg1 expression 1683:1692 osteocalcin expression 1671:1692 osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1671:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 76 theme RUNX2 1661:1665 arg1 amount 1651:1656 higher amount 1644:1656 higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture 1644:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 76 theme RUNX2 1661:1665 arg1 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 RUNX2 1661:1665 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 11 77 theme tibia 1936:1940 arg1 model 1942:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 7 78 dep cultured 1335:1342 arg1 cell 1330:1333 cell 1330:1333 cell 1330:1333 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 11 79 theme other 2029:2033 arg1 scaffolds 2045:2053 other composite scaffolds 2029:2053 other composite scaffolds 2029:2053 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 6 80 theme appropriate 1200:1210 arg1 degree 1166:1171 high degree 1161:1171 high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization 1161:1236 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 12 81 theme prepared 2090:2097 arg1 candidate 2132:2140 a better candidate 2123:2140 a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration 2123:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 12 81 theme prepared 2090:2097 arg1 scaffold 2105:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 1 82 theme 58s 403:405 arg1 glass 418:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 10 83 theme glass 1766:1770 arg1 particles 1772:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 58s bioactive glass particles 1752:1780 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 5 84 theme GCT 905:907 arg1 scaffold 912:919 GCT 30 scaffold 905:919 GCT 30 scaffold 905:919 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 2 85 theme 30 wt 589:593 arg1 HAp 596:598 30 wt% HAp 589:598 30 wt% HAp 589:598 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 6 86 theme interconnected 1176:1189 arg1 porosity 1191:1198 interconnected porosity 1176:1198 interconnected porosity 1176:1198 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 11 87 from study 1918:1922 arg1 model 1942:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 a rabbit tibia model 1927:1946 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 5 88 theme Hg 1011:1012 arg1 analysis 1026:1033 Hg porosimetry analysis 1011:1033 Hg porosimetry analysis 1011:1033 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 10 89 theme cell 1809:1812 arg1 differentiation 1814:1828 cell differentiation 1809:1828 cell differentiation 1809:1828 Inclusion of 58s bioactive glass particles showed positive effects on cell differentiation. 30423758 0 90 theme gelatin-chitosan-bioactive 74:99 arg1 scaffolds 123:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds 74:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 74:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 11 91 theme composite 2035:2043 arg1 scaffolds 2045:2053 other composite scaffolds 2029:2053 other composite scaffolds 2029:2053 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 5 92 theme frequent 883:890 arg1 size 897:900 Most frequent pore size 878:900 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold 878:919 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 5 92 theme frequent 883:890 arg1 highest 929:935 highest 929:935 highest 929:935 Most frequent pore size in GCT 30 scaffold was the highest of 120 μm whereas that for GCH 30 was the lowest of 96 μm as suggested by Hg porosimetry analysis. 30423758 2 93 theme based 514:518 arg1 scaffolds 520:528 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds 497:528 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles 497:643 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 8 94 theme other 1474:1478 arg1 scaffolds 1490:1498 other composite scaffolds 1474:1498 other composite scaffolds 1474:1498 GCB30 scaffold showed higher capacity to proliferate MSCs cultured onto it as compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 0 95 theme composite 113:121 arg1 scaffolds 123:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds 74:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 74:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 9 96 from expression 1683:1692 arg1 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 former 1701:1706 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 9 97 theme culture 1730:1736 arg1 14 days 1714:1720 14 days 1714:1720 14 days of cell culture 1714:1736 Degree of differentiation of MSCs into osteoblast was higher in GCB30 scaffolds than in the GCH30 and GCT30 composite scaffold as evident from higher amount of RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression in the former up to 14 days of cell culture. 30423758 2 98 theme freeze 667:672 arg1 technique 681:689 freeze drying technique 667:689 freeze drying technique 667:689 Gelatin-chitosan based scaffolds made of gelatin-chitosan (GC) and GC composites containing 30 wt% HAp, β-TCP and 58s bioactive glass nanoparticles were fabricated using freeze drying technique. 30423758 12 99 theme better 2125:2130 arg1 candidate 2132:2140 a better candidate 2123:2140 a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration 2123:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 12 99 theme better 2125:2130 arg1 scaffold 2105:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 11 100 with coherence 1834:1842 arg1 appearance 1862:1871 the in vitro appearance 1849:1871 the in vitro appearance 1849:1871 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 0 101 from properties 60:69 arg1 scaffolds 123:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds 74:131 gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo 74:182 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 12 102 theme tissue 2205:2210 arg1 regeneration 2212:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 bone tissue regeneration 2200:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 0 103 theme tissue 142:147 arg1 regeneration 149:160 bone tissue regeneration 137:160 bone tissue regeneration 137:160 Investigating the mechanical, physiochemical and osteogenic properties in gelatin-chitosan-bioactive nanoceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo. 30423758 1 104 theme β‑tricalcium 368:379 arg1 β-TCP 392:396 β-TCP 392:396 β-TCP 392:396 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 104 theme β‑tricalcium 368:379 arg1 phosphate 381:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate 368:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) 368:397 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 4 105 theme pore 788:791 arg1 size 793:796 The average pore size 776:796 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds 776:836 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds was in the range between 90 and 125 μm. 30423758 7 106 theme MSCs 1293:1296 arg1 differentiation 1298:1312 MSCs differentiation 1293:1312 MSCs differentiation 1293:1312 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 12 107 theme higher 2178:2183 arg1 bioactivity 2185:2195 its higher bioactivity 2174:2195 its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration 2174:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 12 108 theme bone 2145:2148 arg1 material 2161:2168 bone substitute material 2145:2168 bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration 2145:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 11 109 dep in 1853:1854 arg1 vitro 1856:1860 vitro 1856:1860 vitro 1856:1860 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 7 110 theme phases 1283:1288 arg1 effect 1252:1257 the effect 1248:1257 the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation 1248:1312 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 1 111 theme different 304:312 arg1 nanoparticles 324:336 three different bioactive nanoparticles 298:336 three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 298:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 111 theme different 304:312 arg1 hydroxyapatite 346:359 hydroxyapatite 346:359 hydroxyapatite (HAp) 346:365 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 111 theme different 304:312 arg1 phosphate 381:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate 368:389 β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) 368:397 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 1 111 theme different 304:312 arg1 glass 418:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 58s bio active glass 403:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 12 112 theme GCB30 2099:2103 arg1 candidate 2132:2140 a better candidate 2123:2140 a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration 2123:2223 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 12 112 theme GCB30 2099:2103 arg1 scaffold 2105:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 the prepared GCB30 scaffold 2086:2112 The results demonstrated that the prepared GCB30 scaffold could be a better candidate as bone substitute material for its higher bioactivity in bone tissue regeneration. 30423758 7 113 theme different 1262:1270 arg1 phases 1283:1288 different bioceramic phases 1262:1288 different bioceramic phases 1262:1288 To study the effect of different bioceramic phases on MSCs differentiation, scaffolds were cell cultured for up to 14 days in osteogenic medium. 30423758 4 114 theme composite 818:826 arg1 scaffolds 828:836 all the prepared composite scaffolds 801:836 all the prepared composite scaffolds 801:836 The average pore size of all the prepared composite scaffolds was in the range between 90 and 125 μm. 30423758 11 115 theme fluorochrome 1905:1916 arg1 study 1918:1922 fluorochrome study 1905:1922 fluorochrome study 1905:1922 In coherence with the in vitro appearance, histomorphometric analysis and fluorochrome study in a rabbit tibia model showed a significantly greater amount of new bone formation in GCB30 compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 1 116 theme nanoparticles 324:336 arg1 incorporation 281:293 incorporation 281:293 incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 281:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30423758 6 117 dep strength 1091:1098 arg1 opposed 1115:1121 opposed 1115:1121 opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30 1115:1153 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 6 118 theme compressive 1079:1089 arg1 strength 1091:1098 the highest average compressive strength 1059:1098 the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30 1059:1153 GCH30 scaffolds showed the highest average compressive strength of 3.45 MPa as opposed to 2.24 MPa exhibited by GCB 30, with high degree of interconnected porosity appropriate for cellular colonization. 30423758 3 119 theme compressive 709:719 arg1 strength 721:728 The porosity and compressive strength 692:728 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds 692:758 The porosity and compressive strength of all the prepared scaffolds were evaluated. 30423758 8 120 theme higher 1406:1411 arg1 capacity 1413:1420 higher capacity 1406:1420 higher capacity to proliferate MSCs cultured onto it as compared to other composite scaffolds 1406:1498 GCB30 scaffold showed higher capacity to proliferate MSCs cultured onto it as compared to other composite scaffolds. 30423758 1 121 theme gelatin-chitosan 237:252 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds 237:273 gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass 237:422 The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy of gelatin-chitosan based bone scaffolds after incorporation of three different bioactive nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β‑tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and 58s bio active glass by evaluating its physicochemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties. 31617357 0 0 theme Starches 87:94 arg1 Rate 60:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate 32:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches 32:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 5 1 with HAMS 1025:1028 arg1 degree 1056:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 5 2 theme medium 987:992 arg1 degrees 1008:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 0 3 theme Maize 81:85 arg1 Starches 87:94 High-Amylose Maize Starches 68:94 High-Amylose Maize Starches 68:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 3 4 theme fermentation 659:670 arg1 rate 672:675 the fermentation rate 655:675 the fermentation rate 655:675 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 1 5 theme dietary 166:172 arg1 fiber 174:178 dietary fiber 166:178 dietary fiber 166:178 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 2 6 theme type 516:519 arg1 [i.e. 540:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 6 theme type 516:519 arg1 starch 566:571 high-amylose maize starch 547:571 high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)] 547:579 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 1 7 theme distal 346:351 arg1 colon 353:357 the distal colon 342:357 the distal colon 342:357 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 4 8 theme production 743:752 arg1 rate 754:757 The butyrate production rate 730:757 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches 730:782 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 5 9 theme cross-linking 994:1006 arg1 degrees 1008:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 1 10 theme entire 264:269 arg1 colon 271:275 the entire colon 260:275 the entire colon 260:275 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 1 11 theme colon 353:357 arg1 requirements 326:337 the energy requirements 315:337 the energy requirements of the distal colon 315:357 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 6 12 theme chemical 1331:1338 arg1 modification 1340:1351 chemical modification 1331:1351 chemical modification 1331:1351 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 4 13 theme butyrate 734:741 arg1 rate 754:757 The butyrate production rate 730:757 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches 730:782 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 5 14 theme Certain 851:857 arg1 microbiota 874:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 851:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members 851:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 0 15 theme Microbiota 114:123 arg1 Composition 125:135 Gut Microbiota Composition 110:135 Gut Microbiota Composition 110:135 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 3 16 theme whole 701:705 arg1 progress 720:727 the whole fermentation progress 697:727 the whole fermentation progress 697:727 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 4 17 theme cross-linking 829:841 arg1 degree 843:848 the cross-linking degree 825:848 the cross-linking degree 825:848 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 2 18 theme fermentation 399:410 arg1 rate 412:415 the fermentation rate 395:415 the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 395:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 5 19 theme low 979:981 arg1 degrees 1008:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 5 20 theme gut 870:872 arg1 microbiota 874:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 851:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members 851:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 1 21 theme fiber 174:178 arg1 rate 158:161 A slow fermentation rate 138:161 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber 138:178 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 0 22 theme Gut 110:112 arg1 Composition 125:135 Gut Microbiota Composition 110:135 Gut Microbiota Composition 110:135 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 3 23 theme HAMS 681:684 arg1 production 627:636 the gas production 619:636 the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS 619:684 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 5 24 theme bromii 1138:1143 arg1 abundance 1086:1094 the abundance 1082:1094 the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii 1082:1143 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 2 25 theme in 423:424 arg1 model 457:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 5 26 theme uniformis 1111:1119 arg1 abundance 1086:1094 the abundance 1082:1094 the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii 1082:1143 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 4 27 theme cross-linked 762:773 arg1 starches 775:782 cross-linked starches 762:782 cross-linked starches 762:782 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 6 28 theme microbiota 1300:1309 arg1 composition 1311:1321 gut microbiota composition 1296:1321 gut microbiota composition 1296:1321 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 2 29 theme cross-linking 484:496 arg1 modification 498:509 chemical cross-linking modification 475:509 chemical cross-linking modification 475:509 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 6 30 theme gut 1296:1298 arg1 composition 1311:1321 gut microbiota composition 1296:1321 gut microbiota composition 1296:1321 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 2 31 theme maize 560:564 arg1 [i.e. 540:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 31 theme maize 560:564 arg1 HAMS 574:577 HAMS 574:577 HAMS 574:577 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 31 theme maize 560:564 arg1 starch 566:571 high-amylose maize starch 547:571 high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)] 547:579 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 3 32 theme rate 672:675 arg1 indicator 642:650 an indicator 639:650 an indicator of the fermentation rate 639:675 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 0 33 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 Cross-Linking 9:21 Chemical Cross-Linking 0:21 Chemical Cross-Linking 0:21 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 2 34 dep in 423:424 arg1 vitro 426:430 vitro 426:430 vitro 426:430 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 5 35 theme high 1037:1040 arg1 degree 1056:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 2 36 theme present 367:373 arg1 study 375:379 the present study 363:379 the present study 363:379 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 0 37 theme in 32:33 arg1 Rate 60:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate 32:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches 32:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 6 38 theme modulation 1261:1270 arg1 profiles 1283:1290 the modulation metabolite profiles 1257:1290 the modulation metabolite profiles 1257:1290 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 6 39 theme cross-linking 1172:1184 arg1 modification 1186:1197 cross-linking modification 1172:1197 cross-linking modification 1172:1197 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 3 40 theme fermentation 707:718 arg1 progress 720:727 the whole fermentation progress 697:727 the whole fermentation progress 697:727 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 2 41 theme starch 533:538 arg1 [i.e. 540:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 41 theme starch 533:538 arg1 starch 566:571 high-amylose maize starch 547:571 high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)] 547:579 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 6 42 theme fermentation 1224:1235 arg1 rate 1237:1240 the fermentation rate 1220:1240 the fermentation rate 1220:1240 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 1 43 theme steady 198:203 arg1 production 216:225 a steady metabolite production release and even distribution 196:255 production 216:225 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 0 44 theme Fecal 41:45 arg1 Rate 60:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate 32:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches 32:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 2 45 theme resistant 523:531 arg1 [i.e. 540:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 45 theme resistant 523:531 arg1 starch 566:571 high-amylose maize starch 547:571 high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)] 547:579 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 1 46 theme metabolite 205:214 arg1 production 216:225 a steady metabolite production release and even distribution 196:255 production 216:225 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 2 47 theme fermentation 444:455 arg1 model 457:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 3 48 dep production 627:636 arg1 indicator 642:650 an indicator 639:650 an indicator of the fermentation rate 639:675 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 4 49 link cross-linked 762:773 arg1 starches 775:782 cross-linked starches 762:782 cross-linked starches 762:782 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 2 50 theme fecal 438:442 arg1 model 457:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 3 51 theme gas 623:625 arg1 production 627:636 the gas production 619:636 the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS 619:684 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 6 52 theme metabolite 1272:1281 arg1 profiles 1283:1290 the modulation metabolite profiles 1257:1290 the modulation metabolite profiles 1257:1290 This finding reveals that cross-linking modification effectively controls the fermentation rate and highlights the modulation metabolite profiles and gut microbiota composition through chemical modification. 31617357 1 53 from production 216:225 arg1 colon 271:275 the entire colon 260:275 the entire colon 260:275 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 5 54 theme Blautia 903:909 arg1 genera 893:898 genera 893:898 genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members 893:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 0 55 theme Fermentation 47:58 arg1 Rate 60:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate 32:63 in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches 32:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 1 56 from distribution 244:255 arg1 colon 271:275 the entire colon 260:275 the entire colon 260:275 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 2 57 theme human 432:436 arg1 model 457:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 5 58 theme cross-linking 1042:1054 arg1 degree 1056:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 a high cross-linking degree 1035:1061 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 1 59 theme energy 319:324 arg1 requirements 326:337 the energy requirements 315:337 the energy requirements of the distal colon 315:357 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 2 60 theme high-amylose 547:558 arg1 [i.e. 540:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 a type 2 resistant starch [i.e. 514:544 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 60 theme high-amylose 547:558 arg1 HAMS 574:577 HAMS 574:577 HAMS 574:577 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 2 60 theme high-amylose 547:558 arg1 starch 566:571 high-amylose maize starch 547:571 high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)] 547:579 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 4 61 theme starches 775:782 arg1 rate 754:757 The butyrate production rate 730:757 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches 730:782 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 0 62 dep in 32:33 arg1 Vitro 35:39 Vitro 35:39 Vitro 35:39 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 5 63 theme Clostridiales 915:927 arg1 genera 893:898 genera 893:898 genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members 893:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 5 64 dep Blautia 903:909 arg1 members 929:935 members 929:935 members 929:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 5 65 with starches 965:972 arg1 degrees 1008:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 low and medium cross-linking degrees 979:1014 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 1 66 dep production 216:225 arg1 release 227:233 release 227:233 release 227:233 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 1 67 theme slow 140:143 arg1 rate 158:161 A slow fermentation rate 138:161 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber 138:178 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 0 68 theme High-Amylose 68:79 arg1 Starches 87:94 High-Amylose Maize Starches 68:94 High-Amylose Maize Starches 68:94 Chemical Cross-Linking Controls in Vitro Fecal Fermentation Rate of High-Amylose Maize Starches and Regulates Gut Microbiota Composition. 31617357 1 69 theme fermentation 145:156 arg1 rate 158:161 A slow fermentation rate 138:161 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber 138:178 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 5 70 theme beneficial 859:868 arg1 microbiota 874:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 851:883 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members 851:935 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as genera of Blautia and Clostridiales members were remarkably promoted by starches with low and medium cross-linking degrees, whereas HAMS with a high cross-linking degree obviously promoted the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus bromii. 31617357 1 71 theme even 239:242 arg1 distribution 244:255 even distribution 239:255 even distribution 239:255 A slow fermentation rate of dietary fiber could result in a steady metabolite production release and even distribution in the entire colon, increasing the likelihood of meeting the energy requirements of the distal colon. 31617357 2 72 theme chemical 475:482 arg1 modification 498:509 chemical cross-linking modification 475:509 chemical cross-linking modification 475:509 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31617357 4 73 theme degree 843:848 arg1 increase 813:820 the increase 809:820 the increase of the cross-linking degree 809:848 The butyrate production rate of cross-linked starches decreased gradually with the increase of the cross-linking degree. 31617357 3 74 theme Cross-linking 582:594 arg1 modification 596:607 Cross-linking modification 582:607 Cross-linking modification 582:607 Cross-linking modification decreased the gas production (an indicator of the fermentation rate) of HAMS throughout the whole fermentation progress. 31617357 2 75 from rate 412:415 arg1 model 457:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 an in vitro human fecal fermentation model 420:461 In the present study, we modulated the fermentation rate in an in vitro human fecal fermentation model by applying chemical cross-linking modification to a type 2 resistant starch [i.e., high-amylose maize starch (HAMS)]. 31837255 3 0 theme methyl 316:321 arg1 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 0 theme methyl 316:321 arg1 cellulose 323:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose 301:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance 301:405 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 0 theme methyl 316:321 arg1 matrix 424:429 a matrix 422:429 a matrix of SD 422:435 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 8 1 from profile 858:864 arg1 SD3 876:878 SD3 876:878 SD3 (64.34 ppm) 876:890 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 8 1 from profile 858:864 arg1 ppm 887:889 64.34 ppm 881:889 64.34 ppm 881:889 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 11 2 located detected 1269:1276 arg1 °C 1287:1288 219.5 °C 1281:1288 219.5 °C 1281:1288 The melting endotherm of SD3 was detected at 219.5 °C, in which case it originated from NA rather than from MLX, showing that MLX was molecularly dispersed and amorphous. 31837255 11 2 located detected 1269:1276 arg2 endotherm 1248:1256 The melting endotherm 1236:1256 The melting endotherm of SD3 1236:1263 The melting endotherm of SD3 was detected at 219.5 °C, in which case it originated from NA rather than from MLX, showing that MLX was molecularly dispersed and amorphous. 31837255 7 3 theme 1:2:2 822:826 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 12 4 theme MLX 1419:1421 arg1 solubility 1423:1432 MLX solubility 1419:1432 MLX solubility 1419:1432 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 12 4 theme MLX 1419:1421 arg1 Conclusions 1407:1417 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 4 5 theme study 454:458 arg1 aim 442:444 The aim 438:444 The aim of this study 438:458 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 8 6 theme solubility 847:856 arg1 profile 858:864 The solubility profile 843:864 The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) 843:890 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 1 7 theme poor 158:161 arg1 solubility 163:172 poor solubility 158:172 poor solubility 158:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 12 8 theme dissolution 1438:1448 arg1 profile 1450:1456 dissolution profile 1438:1456 dissolution profile 1438:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 12 8 theme dissolution 1438:1448 arg1 Conclusions 1407:1417 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 9 9 from due 1006:1008 arg1 polymer 1065:1071 the polymer 1061:1071 the polymer 1061:1071 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 5 10 theme solvent 579:585 arg1 technique 599:607 the solvent evaporation technique 575:607 the solvent evaporation technique 575:607 Methods SD was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with methanol being used as a solvent. 31837255 3 11 theme nicotinic 372:380 arg1 NA 388:389 NA 388:389 NA 388:389 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 11 theme nicotinic 372:380 arg1 acid 382:385 nicotinic acid 372:385 nicotinic acid (NA) 372:390 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 2 12 theme water-soluble 276:288 arg1 compounds 290:298 poorly water-soluble compounds 269:298 poorly water-soluble compounds 269:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 7 13 theme 1:1:1 779:783 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 3 14 theme inert 346:350 arg1 carrier 360:366 an inert polymer carrier 343:366 an inert polymer carrier 343:366 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 1 15 with drug 148:151 arg1 solubility 163:172 poor solubility 158:172 poor solubility 158:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 12 16 theme NA 1522:1523 arg1 matrix 1503:1508 a matrix 1501:1508 a matrix of HPMC and NA 1501:1523 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 7 17 theme NA 766:767 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 3 18 theme SD 434:435 arg1 cellulose 323:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose 301:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance 301:405 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 18 theme SD 434:435 arg1 matrix 424:429 a matrix 422:429 a matrix of SD 422:435 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 8 19 theme pure 962:965 arg1 MLX 967:969 pure MLX 962:969 pure MLX (6.89 ppm) 962:980 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 8 19 theme pure 962:965 arg1 ppm 977:979 6.89 ppm 972:979 6.89 ppm 972:979 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 5 20 theme Methods 548:554 arg1 SD 556:557 Methods SD 548:557 Methods SD 548:557 Methods SD was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with methanol being used as a solvent. 31837255 13 21 theme NA 1576:1577 arg1 ratio 1579:1583 HPMC:NA ratio 1571:1583 HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1 1571:1592 The best result was given by SD3 with an MLX:HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1. 31837255 8 22 dep Results 835:841 arg1 showed 892:897 showed 892:897 showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm) 892:980 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 1 23 theme Background 77:86 arg1 drug 148:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 107:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility 107:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 1 23 theme Background 77:86 arg1 MLX 99:101 MLX 99:101 MLX 99:101 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 1 23 theme Background 77:86 arg1 Meloxicam 88:96 Background Meloxicam 77:96 Background Meloxicam (MLX) 77:102 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 7 24 theme HPMC 761:764 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 0 25 theme solid 8:12 arg1 dispersion 14:23 Ternary solid dispersion 0:23 Ternary solid dispersion 0:23 Ternary solid dispersion to improve solubility and dissolution of meloxicam. 31837255 9 26 theme hydrophilic 1076:1086 arg1 matrix 1088:1093 hydrophilic matrix 1076:1093 hydrophilic matrix 1076:1093 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 7 27 theme 1:2:1 805:809 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 14 28 theme MLX 1731:1733 arg1 solubility 1735:1744 MLX solubility 1731:1744 MLX solubility 1731:1744 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 8 29 theme higher 901:906 arg1 improvement 908:918 a higher improvement 899:918 a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm) 899:980 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 0 30 theme Ternary 0:6 arg1 dispersion 14:23 Ternary solid dispersion 0:23 Ternary solid dispersion 0:23 Ternary solid dispersion to improve solubility and dissolution of meloxicam. 31837255 7 31 theme various 726:732 arg1 compositions 741:752 various matrix compositions 726:752 various matrix compositions 726:752 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 10 32 theme highest 1215:1221 arg1 improvement 1223:1233 the highest improvement 1211:1233 the highest improvement 1211:1233 The dissolution profile of SD3 also showed the highest improvement. 31837255 10 33 theme dissolution 1172:1182 arg1 profile 1184:1190 The dissolution profile 1168:1190 The dissolution profile of SD3 1168:1197 The dissolution profile of SD3 also showed the highest improvement. 31837255 3 34 used used 414:417 arg2 matrix 424:429 a matrix 422:429 a matrix of SD 422:435 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 34 used used 414:417 arg2 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 34 used used 414:417 arg2 cellulose 323:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose 301:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance 301:405 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 4 35 dep solubility 513:522 arg1 the 509:511 the 509:511 the 509:511 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 3 36 theme polymer 352:358 arg1 carrier 360:366 an inert polymer carrier 343:366 an inert polymer carrier 343:366 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 7 37 theme matrix 734:739 arg1 compositions 741:752 various matrix compositions 726:752 various matrix compositions 726:752 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 12 38 theme SD 1483:1484 arg1 technique 1486:1494 the SD technique 1479:1494 the SD technique 1479:1494 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 13 39 theme HPMC 1571:1574 arg1 ratio 1579:1583 HPMC:NA ratio 1571:1583 HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1 1571:1592 The best result was given by SD3 with an MLX:HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1. 31837255 4 40 from effect 481:486 arg1 solubility 513:522 solubility 513:522 solubility 513:522 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 4 40 from effect 481:486 arg1 dissolution 528:538 dissolution 528:538 dissolution 528:538 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 4 41 theme SD 503:504 arg1 effect 481:486 the effect 477:486 the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX 477:545 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 14 42 theme rate 1761:1764 arg1 improvement 1766:1776 dissolution rate improvement 1749:1776 dissolution rate improvement 1749:1776 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 2 43 theme compounds 290:298 arg1 rate 261:264 the dissolution rate 245:264 the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds 245:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 14 44 theme hydrophilic 1653:1663 arg1 polymer 1665:1671 hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions 1653:1705 polymer 1665:1671 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 4 45 theme MLX-HPMC-NA 491:501 arg1 SD 503:504 MLX-HPMC-NA SD 491:504 MLX-HPMC-NA SD 491:504 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 14 46 theme dissolution 1749:1759 arg1 improvement 1766:1776 dissolution rate improvement 1749:1776 dissolution rate improvement 1749:1776 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 2 47 theme Solid 175:179 arg1 SD 193:194 SD 193:194 SD 193:194 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 2 47 theme Solid 175:179 arg1 dispersion 181:190 Solid dispersion 175:190 Solid dispersion (SD) 175:195 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 2 47 theme Solid 175:179 arg1 strategy 225:232 an effective formulation strategy 200:232 an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds 200:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 13 48 theme 1:2:1 1588:1592 arg1 ratio 1579:1583 HPMC:NA ratio 1571:1583 HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1 1571:1592 The best result was given by SD3 with an MLX:HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1. 31837255 7 49 theme MLX 699:701 arg1 SD 693:694 SD 693:694 SD of MLX 693:701 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 2 50 theme formulation 213:223 arg1 strategy 225:232 an effective formulation strategy 200:232 an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds 200:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 2 50 theme formulation 213:223 arg1 dispersion 181:190 Solid dispersion 175:190 Solid dispersion (SD) 175:195 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 9 51 contain have 1102:1105 arg1 NA 1099:1100 NA 1099:1100 NA 1099:1100 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 9 51 contain have 1102:1105 arg1 matrix 1088:1093 hydrophilic matrix 1076:1093 hydrophilic matrix 1076:1093 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 9 51 contain have 1102:1105 arg2 sites 1127:1131 both donor-acceptor sites 1107:1131 both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions 1107:1165 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 10 52 theme SD3 1195:1197 arg1 profile 1184:1190 The dissolution profile 1168:1190 The dissolution profile of SD3 1168:1197 The dissolution profile of SD3 also showed the highest improvement. 31837255 9 53 theme donor-acceptor 1112:1125 arg1 sites 1127:1131 both donor-acceptor sites 1107:1131 both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions 1107:1165 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 3 54 theme Hydroxy 301:307 arg1 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 54 theme Hydroxy 301:307 arg1 cellulose 323:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose 301:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance 301:405 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 54 theme Hydroxy 301:307 arg1 matrix 424:429 a matrix 422:429 a matrix of SD 422:435 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 13 55 theme best 1530:1533 arg1 result 1535:1540 The best result 1526:1540 The best result 1526:1540 The best result was given by SD3 with an MLX:HPMC:NA ratio of 1:2:1. 31837255 2 56 theme effective 203:211 arg1 strategy 225:232 an effective formulation strategy 200:232 an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds 200:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 2 56 theme effective 203:211 arg1 dispersion 181:190 Solid dispersion 175:190 Solid dispersion (SD) 175:195 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 5 57 used used 629:632 arg2 solvent 639:645 a solvent 637:645 a solvent 637:645 Methods SD was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with methanol being used as a solvent. 31837255 5 57 used used 629:632 arg2 methanol 614:621 methanol 614:621 methanol 614:621 Methods SD was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with methanol being used as a solvent. 31837255 3 58 theme propyl 309:314 arg1 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 HPMC 334:337 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 58 theme propyl 309:314 arg1 cellulose 323:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose 301:331 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance 301:405 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 3 58 theme propyl 309:314 arg1 matrix 424:429 a matrix 422:429 a matrix of SD 422:435 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as an inert polymer carrier and nicotinic acid (NA) as disturbance can be used as a matrix of SD. 31837255 6 59 theme room 675:678 arg1 temperature 680:690 room temperature 675:690 room temperature 675:690 Methanol was evaporated at room temperature. 31837255 8 60 theme MLX 869:871 arg1 profile 858:864 The solubility profile 843:864 The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) 843:890 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 7 61 theme 1:1:2 792:796 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 2 62 theme dissolution 249:259 arg1 rate 261:264 the dissolution rate 245:264 the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds 245:298 Solid dispersion (SD) is an effective formulation strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble compounds. 31837255 1 63 theme potent 109:114 arg1 drug 148:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 107:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility 107:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 1 63 theme potent 109:114 arg1 Meloxicam 88:96 Background Meloxicam 77:96 Background Meloxicam (MLX) 77:102 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 11 64 theme SD3 1261:1263 arg1 endotherm 1248:1256 The melting endotherm 1236:1256 The melting endotherm of SD3 1236:1263 The melting endotherm of SD3 was detected at 219.5 °C, in which case it originated from NA rather than from MLX, showing that MLX was molecularly dispersed and amorphous. 31837255 9 65 theme hydrogen 1137:1144 arg1 interactions 1154:1165 hydrogen bonding interactions 1137:1165 hydrogen bonding interactions 1137:1165 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 14 66 theme bonding 1686:1692 arg1 interactions 1694:1705 hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions 1653:1705 interactions 1694:1705 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 14 67 theme important 1712:1720 arg1 roles 1722:1726 important roles 1712:1726 important roles 1712:1726 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 12 68 dep Conclusions 1407:1417 arg1 solubility 1423:1432 MLX solubility 1419:1432 MLX solubility 1419:1432 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 12 68 dep Conclusions 1407:1417 arg1 profile 1450:1456 dissolution profile 1438:1456 dissolution profile 1438:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 12 68 dep Conclusions 1407:1417 arg1 Conclusions 1407:1417 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile 1407:1456 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 1 69 theme non-steroidal 116:128 arg1 drug 148:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 107:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility 107:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 1 69 theme non-steroidal 116:128 arg1 Meloxicam 88:96 Background Meloxicam 77:96 Background Meloxicam (MLX) 77:102 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 11 70 theme melting 1240:1246 arg1 endotherm 1248:1256 The melting endotherm 1236:1256 The melting endotherm of SD3 1236:1263 The melting endotherm of SD3 was detected at 219.5 °C, in which case it originated from NA rather than from MLX, showing that MLX was molecularly dispersed and amorphous. 31837255 9 71 theme bonding 1146:1152 arg1 interactions 1154:1165 hydrogen bonding interactions 1137:1165 hydrogen bonding interactions 1137:1165 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 0 72 theme meloxicam 66:74 arg1 solubility 36:45 solubility 36:45 solubility 36:45 Ternary solid dispersion to improve solubility and dissolution of meloxicam. 31837255 0 72 theme meloxicam 66:74 arg1 dissolution 51:61 dissolution 51:61 dissolution 51:61 Ternary solid dispersion to improve solubility and dissolution of meloxicam. 31837255 9 73 theme molecular 1030:1038 arg1 dispersion 1040:1049 molecular dispersion 1030:1049 molecular dispersion of MLX 1030:1056 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 14 74 theme hydrogen 1677:1684 arg1 interactions 1694:1705 hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions 1653:1705 interactions 1694:1705 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 12 75 theme HPMC 1513:1516 arg1 matrix 1503:1508 a matrix 1501:1508 a matrix of HPMC and NA 1501:1523 Conclusions MLX solubility and dissolution profile could be improved by the SD technique with a matrix of HPMC and NA. 31837255 1 76 theme anti-inflammatory 130:146 arg1 drug 148:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug 107:151 a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility 107:172 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 1 76 theme anti-inflammatory 130:146 arg1 Meloxicam 88:96 Background Meloxicam 77:96 Background Meloxicam (MLX) 77:102 Background Meloxicam (MLX) is a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor solubility. 31837255 9 77 theme MLX 1054:1056 arg1 dispersion 1040:1049 molecular dispersion 1030:1049 molecular dispersion of MLX 1030:1056 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 5 78 theme evaporation 587:597 arg1 technique 599:607 the solvent evaporation technique 575:607 the solvent evaporation technique 575:607 Methods SD was prepared by the solvent evaporation technique with methanol being used as a solvent. 31837255 8 79 theme physical 929:936 arg1 mixture 938:944 the physical mixture 925:944 the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) 925:956 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 8 79 theme physical 929:936 arg1 ppm 953:955 15.99 ppm 947:955 15.99 ppm 947:955 Results The solubility profile of MLX in SD3 (64.34 ppm) showed a higher improvement than the physical mixture (15.99 ppm) and pure MLX (6.89 ppm). 31837255 9 80 theme dispersion 1040:1049 arg1 formation 1017:1025 the formation 1013:1025 the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX 1013:1056 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 9 81 from polymer 1065:1071 arg1 due 1006:1008 due 1006:1008 due 1006:1008 This increase might be due to the formation of molecular dispersion of MLX in the polymer as hydrophilic matrix and NA have both donor-acceptor sites for hydrogen bonding interactions. 31837255 7 82 dep MLX 757:759 arg1 ratios 769:774 HPMC:NA ratios 761:774 MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4) 757:832 SD of MLX was prepared involving various matrix compositions at MLX:HPMC:NA ratios of 1:1:1 (SD1), 1:1:2 (SD2), 1:2:1 (SD3), and 1:2:2 (SD4). 31837255 14 83 theme characterization 1608:1623 arg1 study 1625:1629 the characterization study 1604:1629 the characterization study 1604:1629 Based on the characterization study, it is predicted that hydrophilic polymer and hydrogen bonding interactions play important roles in MLX solubility or dissolution rate improvement. 31837255 4 84 theme MLX 543:545 arg1 solubility 513:522 solubility 513:522 solubility 513:522 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31837255 4 84 theme MLX 543:545 arg1 dissolution 528:538 dissolution 528:538 dissolution 528:538 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MLX-HPMC-NA SD on the solubility and dissolution of MLX. 31037371 1 0 theme paraquat 353:360 arg1 determination 336:348 the determination 332:348 the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control 332:417 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 5 1 dep L-1 1164:1166 arg1 mg 1161:1162 mg 1161:1162 mg 1161:1162 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 1 2 theme immobilized 254:264 arg1 particles 279:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 2 3 theme modifier 592:599 arg1 potential 601:609 the highest chemical modifier potential 571:609 the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination 571:630 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 1 4 theme carbon 266:271 arg1 particles 279:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 0 5 theme new 85:87 arg1 electrode 102:110 a new voltammetric electrode 83:110 a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination 83:137 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 2 6 theme chemical 583:590 arg1 potential 601:609 the highest chemical modifier potential 571:609 the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination 571:630 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 6 7 theme proposed 1187:1194 arg1 easy 1209:1212 easy 1209:1212 easy 1209:1212 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 6 7 theme proposed 1187:1194 arg1 electrode 1196:1204 The proposed electrode 1183:1204 The proposed electrode 1183:1204 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 1 8 theme black 273:277 arg1 particles 279:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 4 9 theme voltammetry 958:968 arg1 parameters 980:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 4 10 dep conditions 894:903 arg1 parameters 980:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 4 10 dep conditions 894:903 arg1 pH 919:920 pH 919:920 pH 919:920 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 4 10 dep conditions 894:903 arg1 concentration 927:939 concentration 927:939 concentration 927:939 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 4 10 dep conditions 894:903 arg1 composition 906:916 composition 906:916 composition 906:916 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 2 11 theme highest 575:581 arg1 potential 601:609 the highest chemical modifier potential 571:609 the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination 571:630 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 3 12 dep agents 687:692 arg1 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 12 dep agents 687:692 arg1 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 12 dep agents 687:692 arg1 agents 687:692 chemical cross-linking agents 664:692 chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) 664:729 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 6 13 theme beverage 1339:1346 arg1 samples 1348:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 5 14 theme optimized 1002:1010 arg1 conditions 1025:1034 the optimized experimental conditions 998:1034 the optimized experimental conditions 998:1034 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 0 15 theme voltammetric 89:100 arg1 electrode 102:110 a new voltammetric electrode 83:110 a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination 83:137 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 5 16 theme detection 1113:1121 arg1 L-1 1164:1166 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1 1147:1166 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1 1147:1166 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 16 theme detection 1113:1121 arg1 limits 1103:1108 the limits 1099:1108 the limits of detection and quantification 1099:1140 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 polysaccharides 430:444 Different polysaccharides 420:444 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) 420:496 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 alginate 447:454 alginate 447:454 alginate 447:454 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 starch 476:481 starch 476:481 starch 476:481 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 chitosan 488:495 chitosan 488:495 chitosan 488:495 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 cellulose 457:465 cellulose 457:465 cellulose 457:465 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 17 dep polysaccharides 430:444 arg1 pectin 468:473 pectin 468:473 pectin 468:473 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 5 18 theme experimental 1012:1023 arg1 conditions 1025:1034 the optimized experimental conditions 998:1034 the optimized experimental conditions 998:1034 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 1 19 theme glassy 165:170 arg1 carbon 172:177 glassy carbon 165:177 glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles 165:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 0 20 theme carbon 7:12 arg1 electrode 14:22 Glassy carbon electrode 0:22 Glassy carbon electrode 0:22 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 5 21 dep mg 1161:1162 arg1 0.19 1156:1159 0.19 1156:1159 0.19 1156:1159 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 21 dep mg 1161:1162 arg1 0.06 1147:1150 0.06 1147:1150 0.06 1147:1150 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 2 22 theme PQ 615:616 arg1 determination 618:630 PQ determination 615:630 PQ determination 615:630 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 0 23 theme Glassy 0:5 arg1 electrode 14:22 Glassy carbon electrode 0:22 Glassy carbon electrode 0:22 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 6 24 from determination 1304:1316 arg1 samples 1348:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 4 25 theme supporting 871:880 arg1 conditions 894:903 the supporting electrolyte conditions 867:903 the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) 867:940 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 3 26 theme cross-linking 673:685 arg1 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 26 theme cross-linking 673:685 arg1 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 26 theme cross-linking 673:685 arg1 agents 687:692 chemical cross-linking agents 664:692 chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) 664:729 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 0 27 theme paraquat 116:123 arg1 determination 125:137 paraquat determination 116:137 paraquat determination 116:137 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 5 28 theme analytical 1044:1053 arg1 curve 1055:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 28 theme analytical 1044:1053 arg1 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 polysaccharides 430:444 Different polysaccharides 420:444 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) 420:496 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 alginate 447:454 alginate 447:454 alginate 447:454 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 starch 476:481 starch 476:481 starch 476:481 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 chitosan 488:495 chitosan 488:495 chitosan 488:495 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 cellulose 457:465 cellulose 457:465 cellulose 457:465 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 2 29 theme Different 420:428 arg1 pectin 468:473 pectin 468:473 pectin 468:473 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 4 30 theme electrolyte 882:892 arg1 conditions 894:903 the supporting electrolyte conditions 867:903 the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) 867:940 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 3 31 theme electrochemical 750:764 arg1 response 766:773 electrochemical response 750:773 electrochemical response 750:773 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 2 32 theme immobilization 524:537 arg1 process 539:545 the immobilization process 520:545 the immobilization process 520:545 Different polysaccharides (alginate, cellulose, pectin, starch, and chitosan) were investigated for the immobilization process, and alginate presented the highest chemical modifier potential for PQ determination. 31037371 1 33 contain containing 243:252 arg1 glutaraldehyde 228:241 glutaraldehyde 228:241 glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles 228:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 1 33 contain containing 243:252 arg2 particles 279:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 immobilized carbon black particles 254:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 1 34 theme alginate 196:203 arg1 film 205:208 an alginate film 193:208 an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles 193:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 4 35 theme square 946:951 arg1 wave 953:956 square wave 946:956 square wave 946:956 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 5 36 from L-1 1091:1093 arg1 curve 1055:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 36 from L-1 1091:1093 arg1 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 3 37 from influence 651:659 arg1 response 766:773 electrochemical response 750:773 electrochemical response 750:773 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 37 from influence 651:659 arg1 stability 785:793 film stability 780:793 film stability 780:793 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 37 from influence 651:659 arg1 morphology 738:747 the morphology 734:747 the morphology 734:747 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 4 38 theme technical 970:978 arg1 parameters 980:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 voltammetry technical parameters 958:989 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 1 39 theme broadleaf 396:404 arg1 control 411:417 broadleaf weed control 396:417 broadleaf weed control 396:417 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 0 40 theme black 45:49 arg1 carbon 38:43 carbon black 38:49 carbon black 38:49 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 6 41 theme environmental 1321:1333 arg1 samples 1348:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 environmental and beverage samples 1321:1354 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 1 42 theme weed 406:409 arg1 control 411:417 broadleaf weed control 396:417 broadleaf weed control 396:417 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 3 43 theme film 780:783 arg1 stability 785:793 film stability 780:793 film stability 780:793 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 5 44 dep 2.0 1084:1086 arg1 to 1081:1082 to 1081:1082 to 1081:1082 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 3 45 theme agents 687:692 arg1 influence 651:659 the influence 647:659 the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability 647:793 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 0 46 link cross-linked 55:66 arg1 film 77:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 6 47 theme PQ 1301:1302 arg1 determination 1304:1316 PQ determination 1301:1316 PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples 1301:1354 The proposed electrode is easy to obtain, stable, selective, sensitive, and low cost and was successfully applied for PQ determination in environmental and beverage samples. 31037371 0 48 theme alginate 68:75 arg1 film 77:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 3 49 theme chemical 664:671 arg1 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 epichlorohydrin 714:728 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 49 theme chemical 664:671 arg1 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 glutaraldehyde 695:708 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 3 49 theme chemical 664:671 arg1 agents 687:692 chemical cross-linking agents 664:692 chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) 664:729 Additionally, the influence of chemical cross-linking agents (glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin) on the morphology, electrochemical response, and film stability was investigated. 31037371 4 50 theme experimental 817:828 arg1 conditions 830:839 All experimental conditions 813:839 All experimental conditions 813:839 All experimental conditions were optimized, including the supporting electrolyte conditions (composition, pH, and concentration) and square wave voltammetry technical parameters. 31037371 7 51 dep abstract 1367:1374 arg1 Graphical 1357:1365 Graphical 1357:1365 Graphical 1357:1365 Graphical abstract. 31037371 5 52 dep mg 1088:1089 arg1 2.0 1084:1086 2.0 1084:1086 2.0 1084:1086 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 0 53 theme cross-linked 55:66 arg1 film 77:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 cross-linked alginate film 55:80 Glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon black and cross-linked alginate film: a new voltammetric electrode for paraquat determination. 31037371 5 54 theme quantification 1127:1140 arg1 L-1 1164:1166 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1 1147:1166 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1 1147:1166 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 54 theme quantification 1127:1140 arg1 limits 1103:1108 the limits 1099:1108 the limits of detection and quantification 1099:1140 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 55 theme PQ 1041:1042 arg1 curve 1055:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 the PQ analytical curve 1037:1059 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 5 55 theme PQ 1041:1042 arg1 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 linear 1065:1070 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 31037371 1 56 theme new 142:144 arg1 electrode 146:154 A new electrode 140:154 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles 140:287 A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with an alginate film cross-linked with glutaraldehyde containing immobilized carbon black particles was successfully developed and applied for the determination of paraquat (PQ), a herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. 31037371 5 57 dep L-1 1091:1093 arg1 mg 1088:1089 mg 1088:1089 mg 1088:1089 Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively. 30828809 5 0 theme 24.5 kDa 781:788 arg1 solubility 798:807 98% solubility 794:807 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid 794:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 0 theme 24.5 kDa 781:788 arg1 deacetylation 744:756 88.7% deacetylation 738:756 88.7% deacetylation 738:756 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 0 theme 24.5 kDa 781:788 arg1 weight 771:776 a molecular weight 759:776 a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa 759:788 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 4 1 theme pomegranate 511:521 arg1 PPE 537:539 PPE 537:539 PPE 537:539 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 1 theme pomegranate 511:521 arg1 extract 528:534 pomegranate peel extract 511:534 pomegranate peel extract (PPE) 511:540 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 6 2 theme coating 989:995 arg1 films 997:1001 the entire coating films 978:1001 the entire coating films 978:1001 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 0 3 theme mycotoxigenic 95:107 arg1 fungi 109:113 mycotoxigenic fungi 95:113 mycotoxigenic fungi in dates 95:122 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 6 4 theme zone 924:927 arg1 assay 929:933 The inhibition zone assay 909:933 The inhibition zone assay 909:933 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 5 5 from weight 771:776 arg1 acid 827:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 8 6 from growth 1328:1333 arg1 fruits 1342:1347 the fruits 1338:1347 the fruits 1338:1347 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 8 7 theme date 1167:1170 arg1 decontamination 1172:1186 date decontamination 1167:1186 date decontamination 1167:1186 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 9 8 theme coating 1542:1548 arg1 experiment 1550:1559 the coating experiment 1538:1559 the coating experiment 1538:1559 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 6 9 theme films 997:1001 arg1 effectiveness 961:973 the antifungal effectiveness 946:973 the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films 946:1001 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 3 10 theme nanochitosan 392:403 arg1 particles 411:419 then nanochitosan (NCt) particles 387:419 then nanochitosan (NCt) particles 387:419 Chitosan (Cts) was produced from Aspergillus niger mycelia and characterized and then nanochitosan (NCt) particles were synthesized from fungal Cts. 30828809 5 11 dep produced 725:732 arg1 had 734:736 had 734:736 had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid 734:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 4 12 theme antifungal 591:600 arg1 materials 602:610 antifungal materials 591:610 antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi 591:638 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 12 theme antifungal 591:600 arg1 these 567:571 these 567:571 these 567:571 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 12 theme antifungal 591:600 arg1 flavus 653:658 Aspergillus flavus 641:658 Aspergillus flavus 641:658 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 12 theme antifungal 591:600 arg1 ochraceus 673:681 Aspergillus ochraceus 661:681 Aspergillus ochraceus 661:681 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 12 theme antifungal 591:600 arg1 moniliforme 696:706 Fusarium moniliforme 687:706 Fusarium moniliforme 687:706 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 7 13 theme Cts + PPE 1094:1102 arg1 films 1110:1114 Cts + PPE based films 1094:1114 Cts + PPE based films 1094:1114 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 5 14 theme % 796:796 arg1 solubility 798:807 98% solubility 794:807 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid 794:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 15 theme molecular 761:769 arg1 weight 771:776 a molecular weight 759:776 a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa 759:788 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 0 16 from composites 55:64 arg1 coatings 10:17 Bioactive coatings 0:17 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 0:123 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 7 17 theme based 1104:1108 arg1 films 1110:1114 Cts + PPE based films 1094:1114 Cts + PPE based films 1094:1114 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 5 18 theme acetic 820:825 arg1 acid 827:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 1 19 theme hazardous 194:202 arg1 threat 204:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 1 19 theme hazardous 194:202 arg1 Contamination 136:148 BACKGROUND Contamination 125:148 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi 125:187 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 5 20 theme diluted 812:818 arg1 acid 827:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 8 21 theme antifungal 1146:1155 arg1 films 1157:1161 antifungal films 1146:1161 antifungal films for date decontamination 1146:1186 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 1 22 with Contamination 136:148 arg1 fungi 183:187 mycotoxigenic fungi 169:187 mycotoxigenic fungi 169:187 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 5 23 theme NCts 879:882 arg1 diameters 854:862 the particle diameters 841:862 the particle diameters of synthesized NCts 841:882 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 0 24 theme Bioactive 0:8 arg1 coatings 10:17 Bioactive coatings 0:17 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 0:123 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 6 25 theme entire 982:987 arg1 films 997:1001 the entire coating films 978:1001 the entire coating films 978:1001 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 5 26 dep 65 nm 902:906 arg1 to 899:900 to 899:900 to 899:900 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 8 27 theme films 1157:1161 arg1 application 1131:1141 The practical application 1117:1141 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi 1117:1222 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 4 28 theme Fusarium 687:694 arg1 materials 602:610 antifungal materials 591:610 antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi 591:638 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 28 theme Fusarium 687:694 arg1 moniliforme 696:706 Fusarium moniliforme 687:706 Fusarium moniliforme 687:706 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 0 29 theme nano-biopolymers/plant 24:45 arg1 composites 55:64 nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites 24:64 nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites 24:64 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 8 30 theme mycotoxigenic 1204:1216 arg1 fungi 1218:1222 mycotoxigenic fungi 1204:1222 mycotoxigenic fungi 1204:1222 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 7 31 theme NCt + PPE 1072:1080 arg1 blend 1063:1067 the blend 1059:1067 the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films 1059:1114 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 7 31 theme NCt + PPE 1072:1080 arg1 agent 1023:1027 The most effective agent 1004:1027 The most effective agent for preparing edible film 1004:1053 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 0 32 from fungi 109:113 arg1 dates 118:122 dates 118:122 dates 118:122 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 0 32 from fungi 109:113 arg1 protection 79:88 complete protection 70:88 complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates 70:122 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 1 33 theme BACKGROUND 125:134 arg1 threat 204:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 1 33 theme BACKGROUND 125:134 arg1 Contamination 136:148 BACKGROUND Contamination 125:148 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi 125:187 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 6 34 theme inhibition 913:922 arg1 assay 929:933 The inhibition zone assay 909:933 The inhibition zone assay 909:933 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 5 35 theme 98 794:795 arg1 % 796:796 % 796:796 % 796:796 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 36 theme 88.7 738:741 arg1 % 742:742 % 742:742 % 742:742 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 8 37 theme fungal 1299:1304 arg1 strain 1306:1311 the entire fungal strain 1288:1311 the entire fungal strain 1288:1311 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 2 38 theme natural 264:270 arg1 derivatives 272:282 natural derivatives 264:282 natural derivatives 264:282 The present study investigated the effectiveness of natural derivatives for controlling this. 30828809 5 39 theme particle 845:852 arg1 diameters 854:862 the particle diameters 841:862 the particle diameters of synthesized NCts 841:882 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 0 40 theme extract 47:53 arg1 composites 55:64 nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites 24:64 nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites 24:64 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 6 41 theme antifungal 950:959 arg1 effectiveness 961:973 the antifungal effectiveness 946:973 the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films 946:1001 The inhibition zone assay emphasized the antifungal effectiveness of the entire coating films. 30828809 3 42 theme fungal 443:448 arg1 Cts 450:452 fungal Cts 443:452 fungal Cts 443:452 Chitosan (Cts) was produced from Aspergillus niger mycelia and characterized and then nanochitosan (NCt) particles were synthesized from fungal Cts. 30828809 5 43 from deacetylation 744:756 arg1 acid 827:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 44 dep RESULTS 709:715 arg1 produced 725:732 produced 725:732 produced 725:732 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 0 45 theme complete 70:77 arg1 protection 79:88 complete protection 70:88 complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates 70:122 Bioactive coatings from nano-biopolymers/plant extract composites for complete protection from mycotoxigenic fungi in dates. 30828809 9 46 theme Cts + PPE 1379:1387 arg1 NCt + PPE 1365:1373 The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films 1361:1399 NCt + PPE 1365:1373 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 46 theme Cts + PPE 1379:1387 arg1 effective 1427:1435 effective 1427:1435 effective 1427:1435 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 46 theme Cts + PPE 1379:1387 arg1 films 1395:1399 The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films 1361:1399 films 1395:1399 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 10 47 theme Chemical 1580:1587 arg1 Industry 1589:1596 Chemical Industry 1580:1596 Chemical Industry 1580:1596 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 30828809 9 48 theme spore 1502:1506 arg1 growth 1481:1486 the growth 1477:1486 the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit 1477:1520 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 5 49 theme % 742:742 arg1 deacetylation 744:756 88.7% deacetylation 738:756 88.7% deacetylation 738:756 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 5 50 from solubility 798:807 arg1 acid 827:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 diluted acetic acid 812:830 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 9 51 from growth 1481:1486 arg1 fruit 1516:1520 date fruit 1511:1520 date fruit 1511:1520 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 52 dep CONCLUSION 1350:1359 arg1 found 1406:1410 found 1406:1410 were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment 1401:1559 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 8 53 theme practical 1121:1129 arg1 application 1131:1141 The practical application 1117:1141 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi 1117:1222 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 7 54 theme effective 1013:1021 arg1 blend 1063:1067 the blend 1059:1067 the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films 1059:1114 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 7 54 theme effective 1013:1021 arg1 agent 1023:1027 The most effective agent 1004:1027 The most effective agent for preparing edible film 1004:1053 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 1 55 theme date 153:156 arg1 fruit 158:162 date fruit 153:162 date fruit 153:162 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 4 56 theme mycotoxigenic 620:632 arg1 fungi 634:638 mycotoxigenic fungi 620:638 mycotoxigenic fungi 620:638 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 7 57 theme edible 1043:1048 arg1 film 1050:1053 edible film 1043:1053 edible film 1043:1053 The most effective agent for preparing edible film was the blend of NCt + PPE followed by Cts + PPE based films. 30828809 2 58 theme present 216:222 arg1 study 224:228 The present study 212:228 The present study 212:228 The present study investigated the effectiveness of natural derivatives for controlling this. 30828809 1 59 theme fruit 158:162 arg1 threat 204:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 a hazardous threat 192:209 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 1 59 theme fruit 158:162 arg1 Contamination 136:148 BACKGROUND Contamination 125:148 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi 125:187 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 9 60 theme date 1511:1514 arg1 fruit 1516:1520 date fruit 1511:1520 date fruit 1511:1520 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 61 theme fungal 1495:1500 arg1 spore 1502:1506 any fungal spore 1491:1506 any fungal spore 1491:1506 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 4 62 theme Edible-coating 455:468 arg1 films 470:474 Edible-coating films 455:474 Edible-coating films 455:474 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 8 63 theme entire 1292:1297 arg1 strain 1306:1311 the entire fungal strain 1288:1311 the entire fungal strain 1288:1311 The practical application of antifungal films for date decontamination with respect to mycotoxigenic fungi demonstrates that the films were very effective for controlling the entire fungal strain and preventing growth on the fruits. 30828809 5 64 theme synthesized 867:877 arg1 NCts 879:882 synthesized NCts 867:882 synthesized NCts 867:882 RESULTS The Cts produced had 88.7% deacetylation, a molecular weight of 24.5 kDa and 98% solubility in diluted acetic acid, whereas the particle diameters of synthesized NCts ranged from 35 to 65 nm. 30828809 4 65 theme peel 523:526 arg1 PPE 537:539 PPE 537:539 PPE 537:539 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 4 65 theme peel 523:526 arg1 extract 528:534 pomegranate peel extract 511:534 pomegranate peel extract (PPE) 511:540 Edible-coating films were formulated based on Cts, NCt, pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and their composites and these were evaluated as antifungal materials against mycotoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium moniliforme. 30828809 2 66 theme derivatives 272:282 arg1 effectiveness 247:259 the effectiveness 243:259 the effectiveness of natural derivatives for controlling this 243:303 The present study investigated the effectiveness of natural derivatives for controlling this. 30828809 1 67 theme mycotoxigenic 169:181 arg1 fungi 183:187 mycotoxigenic fungi 169:187 mycotoxigenic fungi 169:187 BACKGROUND Contamination of date fruit with mycotoxigenic fungi is a hazardous threat. 30828809 9 68 theme based 1389:1393 arg1 NCt + PPE 1365:1373 The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films 1361:1399 NCt + PPE 1365:1373 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 68 theme based 1389:1393 arg1 effective 1427:1435 effective 1427:1435 effective 1427:1435 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 30828809 9 68 theme based 1389:1393 arg1 films 1395:1399 The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films 1361:1399 films 1395:1399 CONCLUSION The NCt + PPE and Cts + PPE based films were found to be the most effective because they could completely eliminate the growth of any fungal spore on date fruit after 48 h from the coating experiment. 31128182 1 0 theme novel 200:204 arg1 prospects 206:214 novel prospects 200:214 novel prospects 200:214 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 5 1 theme mats 979:982 arg1 biocompatibility 955:970 biocompatibility 955:970 biocompatibility of the mats 955:982 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 5 1 theme mats 979:982 arg1 effect 944:949 the antibacterial effect 926:949 the antibacterial effect 926:949 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 1 2 theme challenging 289:299 arg1 issue 301:305 a troubling and challenging issue 273:305 a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field 273:329 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 1 2 theme challenging 289:299 arg1 infection 240:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 6 3 theme cell 1111:1114 arg1 viability 1116:1124 cell viability 1111:1124 cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d) 1111:1160 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 4 dep 95 1102:1103 arg1 to 1093:1094 to 1093:1094 to 1093:1094 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 2 5 theme Titanium 365:372 arg1 TiO2 383:386 TiO2 383:386 TiO2 383:386 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 2 5 theme Titanium 365:372 arg1 dioxide 374:380 Titanium dioxide 365:380 Titanium dioxide (TiO2) 365:387 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 6 6 theme best 1048:1051 arg1 performance 1053:1063 the best performance 1044:1063 the best performance 1044:1063 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 7 theme antibacterial 1068:1080 arg1 effect 1082:1087 antibacterial effect 1068:1087 antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) 1068:1105 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 7 theme antibacterial 1068:1080 arg1 % 1104:1104 up to about 95% 1090:1104 up to about 95% 1090:1104 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 8 from d 1151:1151 arg1 % 1136:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 8 from d 1151:1151 arg1 % 1144:1144 95% 1142:1144 95% 1142:1144 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 5 9 theme composite 783:791 arg1 mats 793:796 the composite mats 779:796 the composite mats 779:796 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 3 10 theme characteristic 558:571 arg1 group 573:577 characteristic group 558:577 characteristic group 558:577 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 3 10 theme characteristic 558:571 arg1 mats 586:589 the mats 582:589 the mats 582:589 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 6 11 from d 1159:1159 arg1 % 1136:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 11 from d 1159:1159 arg1 % 1144:1144 95% 1142:1144 95% 1142:1144 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 5 12 theme antibacterial 930:942 arg1 effect 944:949 the antibacterial effect 926:949 the antibacterial effect 926:949 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 1 13 with materials 132:140 arg1 nature 179:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 5 14 theme mats 793:796 arg1 cytotoxicity 763:774 cytotoxicity 763:774 cytotoxicity 763:774 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 5 14 theme mats 793:796 arg1 activity 750:757 the antibacterial activity 732:757 the antibacterial activity 732:757 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 3 15 dep morphology 521:530 arg1 The 509:511 The 509:511 The 509:511 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 4 16 theme mats 713:716 arg1 surface 698:704 the surface 694:704 the surface of PLA mats 694:716 The results indicated that CS/TiO2 microparticles were successfully immobilized on the surface of PLA mats. 31128182 0 17 theme Chitosan-TiO2 0:12 arg1 microparticles 14:27 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles 0:27 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles 0:27 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles LBL immobilized nanofibrous mats via electrospraying for antibacterial applications. 31128182 1 18 theme antibacterial 118:130 arg1 materials 132:140 The antibacterial materials 114:140 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature 114:184 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 1 19 theme bacterial 230:238 arg1 issue 301:305 a troubling and challenging issue 273:305 a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field 273:329 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 1 19 theme bacterial 230:238 arg1 infection 240:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 0 20 theme immobilized 33:43 arg1 mats 57:60 immobilized nanofibrous mats 33:60 immobilized nanofibrous mats 33:60 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles LBL immobilized nanofibrous mats via electrospraying for antibacterial applications. 31128182 1 21 theme biomedical 314:323 arg1 field 325:329 the biomedical field 310:329 the biomedical field 310:329 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 1 22 from issue 301:305 arg1 field 325:329 the biomedical field 310:329 the biomedical field 310:329 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 2 23 theme polylactic 429:438 arg1 PLA 446:448 PLA 446:448 PLA 446:448 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 2 23 theme polylactic 429:438 arg1 acid 440:443 polylactic acid 429:443 polylactic acid (PLA) mats 429:454 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 2 24 theme acid 440:443 arg1 mats 451:454 polylactic acid (PLA) mats 429:454 polylactic acid (PLA) mats 429:454 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 5 25 theme antibacterial 736:748 arg1 activity 750:757 the antibacterial activity 732:757 the antibacterial activity 732:757 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 3 26 theme mats 586:589 arg1 group 573:577 characteristic group 558:577 characteristic group 558:577 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 3 26 theme mats 586:589 arg1 mats 586:589 the mats 582:589 the mats 582:589 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 3 26 theme mats 586:589 arg1 morphology 521:530 surface morphology 513:530 surface morphology 513:530 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 3 26 theme mats 586:589 arg1 composition 542:552 chemical composition 533:552 chemical composition 533:552 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 7 27 theme effective 1209:1217 arg1 material 1233:1240 an effective antibacterial material 1206:1240 an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications 1206:1272 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 7 27 theme effective 1209:1217 arg1 potential 1193:1201 great potential 1187:1201 great potential 1187:1201 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 2 28 theme hybrid 491:496 arg1 technique 498:506 electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique 459:506 electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique 459:506 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 7 29 theme biomedical 1250:1259 arg1 applications 1261:1272 the biomedical applications 1246:1272 the biomedical applications 1246:1272 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 4 30 theme PLA 709:711 arg1 mats 713:716 PLA mats 709:716 PLA mats 709:716 The results indicated that CS/TiO2 microparticles were successfully immobilized on the surface of PLA mats. 31128182 2 31 theme electrospinning-electrospraying 459:489 arg1 technique 498:506 electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique 459:506 electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique 459:506 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 6 32 theme PLA- 1007:1010 arg1 mats 1029:1032 the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats 1003:1032 the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats 1003:1032 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 0 33 theme nanofibrous 45:55 arg1 mats 57:60 immobilized nanofibrous mats 33:60 immobilized nanofibrous mats 33:60 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles LBL immobilized nanofibrous mats via electrospraying for antibacterial applications. 31128182 5 34 theme CS/TiO2 869:875 arg1 microparticles 877:890 CS/TiO2 microparticles 869:890 CS/TiO2 microparticles 869:890 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 1 35 theme biodegradable 147:159 arg1 nature 179:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 5 36 theme layer-by-layer 836:849 arg1 immobilization 851:864 the layer-by-layer immobilization 832:864 the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying 832:910 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 7 37 theme great 1187:1191 arg1 material 1233:1240 an effective antibacterial material 1206:1240 an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications 1206:1272 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 7 37 theme great 1187:1191 arg1 potential 1193:1201 great potential 1187:1201 great potential 1187:1201 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 6 38 dep viability 1116:1124 arg1 % 1136:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 nearly 92% 1127:1136 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 6 38 dep viability 1116:1124 arg1 % 1144:1144 95% 1142:1144 95% 1142:1144 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 7 39 theme composite 1167:1175 arg1 mats 1177:1180 The composite mats 1163:1180 The composite mats 1163:1180 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 3 40 theme surface 513:519 arg1 morphology 521:530 surface morphology 513:530 surface morphology 513:530 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 7 41 theme antibacterial 1219:1231 arg1 material 1233:1240 an effective antibacterial material 1206:1240 an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications 1206:1272 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 7 41 theme antibacterial 1219:1231 arg1 potential 1193:1201 great potential 1187:1201 great potential 1187:1201 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 1 42 theme biocompatible 165:177 arg1 nature 179:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 biodegradable and biocompatible nature 147:184 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 4 43 theme CS/TiO2 638:644 arg1 microparticles 646:659 CS/TiO2 microparticles 638:659 CS/TiO2 microparticles 638:659 The results indicated that CS/TiO2 microparticles were successfully immobilized on the surface of PLA mats. 31128182 7 44 contain have 1182:1185 arg2 potential 1193:1201 great potential 1187:1201 great potential 1187:1201 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 7 44 contain have 1182:1185 arg2 material 1233:1240 an effective antibacterial material 1206:1240 an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications 1206:1272 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 7 44 contain have 1182:1185 arg1 mats 1177:1180 The composite mats 1163:1180 The composite mats 1163:1180 The composite mats have great potential as an effective antibacterial material for the biomedical applications. 31128182 2 45 theme chitosan 347:354 arg1 microparticles 389:402 chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles 347:402 chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles 347:402 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 0 46 theme antibacterial 86:98 arg1 applications 100:111 antibacterial applications 86:111 antibacterial applications 86:111 Chitosan-TiO2 microparticles LBL immobilized nanofibrous mats via electrospraying for antibacterial applications. 31128182 3 47 theme chemical 533:540 arg1 composition 542:552 chemical composition 533:552 chemical composition 533:552 The surface morphology, chemical composition and characteristic group of the mats were characterized. 31128182 6 48 theme same 992:995 arg1 time 997:1000 the same time 988:1000 the same time 988:1000 At the same time, the PLA-(CS/TiO2-1.5%)1.5 mats exhibited the best performance in antibacterial effect (up to about 95%) and cell viability (nearly 92% and 95% at 3 d and 5 d). 31128182 5 49 theme microparticles 877:890 arg1 immobilization 851:864 the layer-by-layer immobilization 832:864 the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying 832:910 In addition, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the composite mats were investigated to confirm that the layer-by-layer immobilization of CS/TiO2 microparticles via electrospraying could enhance the antibacterial effect and biocompatibility of the mats. 31128182 2 50 theme dioxide 374:380 arg1 microparticles 389:402 chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles 347:402 chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles 347:402 In this study, chitosan (CS) and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles were well immobilized on polylactic acid (PLA) mats by electrospinning-electrospraying hybrid technique. 31128182 1 51 theme troubling 275:283 arg1 issue 301:305 a troubling and challenging issue 273:305 a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field 273:329 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31128182 1 51 theme troubling 275:283 arg1 infection 240:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 the bacterial infection 226:248 The antibacterial materials with biodegradable and biocompatible nature have unveiled novel prospects to combat the bacterial infection, which has always been a troubling and challenging issue in the biomedical field. 31751738 0 0 theme grapefruit 108:117 arg1 extract 124:130 grapefruit seed extract 108:130 grapefruit seed extract 108:130 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 2 1 theme film 484:487 arg1 properties 466:475 antibacterial properties 452:475 antibacterial properties of CMC film 452:487 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 1 theme film 484:487 arg1 effects 391:397 their effects 385:397 their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 385:445 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 7 2 theme water 1061:1065 arg1 permeability 1073:1084 the water vapor permeability 1057:1084 the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film 1057:1106 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 7 2 theme water 1061:1065 arg1 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 2 3 theme CMC 480:482 arg1 film 484:487 CMC film 480:487 CMC film 480:487 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 4 4 with transparent 690:700 arg1 properties 723:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 1 5 theme shrimp 179:184 arg1 powder 193:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 3 6 theme needle-like 532:542 arg1 structure 544:552 a needle-like structure 530:552 a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm 530:607 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 4 7 theme CMC 648:650 arg1 transparent 690:700 transparent 690:700 transparent 690:700 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 4 7 theme CMC 648:650 arg1 films 652:656 The CMC films 644:656 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE 644:683 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 0 8 theme seed 119:122 arg1 extract 124:130 grapefruit seed extract 108:130 grapefruit seed extract 108:130 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 1 9 attach isolated 165:172 arg2 nanocrystals 140:151 Chitin nanocrystals 133:151 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) 133:158 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 1 9 attach isolated 165:172 arg1 powder 193:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 1 9 attach isolated 165:172 arg2 ChNC 154:157 ChNC 154:157 ChNC 154:157 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 7 10 theme vapor 1067:1071 arg1 permeability 1073:1084 the water vapor permeability 1057:1084 the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film 1057:1106 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 7 10 theme vapor 1067:1071 arg1 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 5 11 theme CMC 803:805 arg1 films 807:811 CMC films 803:811 CMC films 803:811 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 5 12 theme GSE 751:753 arg1 addition 739:746 The addition 735:746 The addition of GSE 735:753 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 6 13 theme CMC 945:947 arg1 film 949:952 CMC film 945:952 CMC film 945:952 However, when the ChNC was added, the TS and EM of CMC film increased by 19.7% and 58.7%, respectively, and the EB remained the same. 31751738 6 14 dep TS 932:933 arg1 the 928:930 the 928:930 the 928:930 However, when the ChNC was added, the TS and EM of CMC film increased by 19.7% and 58.7%, respectively, and the EB remained the same. 31751738 1 15 theme shells 186:191 arg1 powder 193:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 shrimp shells powder 179:198 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 2 16 theme composite 301:309 arg1 films 311:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 6 17 theme film 949:952 arg1 EM 939:940 EM 939:940 EM 939:940 However, when the ChNC was added, the TS and EM of CMC film increased by 19.7% and 58.7%, respectively, and the EB remained the same. 31751738 6 17 theme film 949:952 arg1 TS 932:933 TS 932:933 TS 932:933 However, when the ChNC was added, the TS and EM of CMC film increased by 19.7% and 58.7%, respectively, and the EB remained the same. 31751738 5 18 theme films 807:811 arg1 strength 767:774 the strength 763:774 the strength (TS) 763:779 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 5 18 theme films 807:811 arg1 EM 796:797 EM 796:797 EM 796:797 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 5 18 theme films 807:811 arg1 TS 777:778 TS 777:778 TS 777:778 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 5 18 theme films 807:811 arg1 stiffness 785:793 stiffness 785:793 stiffness (EM) 785:798 The addition of GSE reduced the strength (TS) and stiffness (EM) of CMC films by 10.4% and 30.3%, respectively, while the flexibility (EB) increased by 17.7%. 31751738 2 19 from properties 466:475 arg1 barrier 439:445 the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 402:445 barrier 439:445 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 7 20 theme ChNC 1044:1047 arg1 addition 1032:1039 The addition 1028:1039 The addition of ChNC 1028:1047 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 4 21 theme barrier 715:721 arg1 properties 723:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 2 22 dep optical 406:412 arg1 mechanical 415:424 mechanical 415:424 mechanical 415:424 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 23 dep barrier 439:445 arg1 water 427:431 the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 402:445 water 427:431 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 4 24 theme UV 712:713 arg1 properties 723:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 1 25 theme acid 206:209 arg1 hydrolysis 211:220 acid hydrolysis 206:220 acid hydrolysis 206:220 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 2 26 theme vapor 433:437 arg1 barrier 439:445 the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 402:445 barrier 439:445 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 8 27 theme CMC 1116:1118 arg1 films 1120:1124 CMC films 1116:1124 CMC films containing GSE 1116:1139 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 28 theme pathogenic 1201:1210 arg1 bacteria 1212:1219 foodborne pathogenic bacteria 1191:1219 foodborne pathogenic bacteria 1191:1219 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 28 theme pathogenic 1201:1210 arg1 coli 1225:1228 E. coli 1222:1228 E. coli 1222:1228 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 28 theme pathogenic 1201:1210 arg1 monocytogenes 1237:1249 L. monocytogenes 1234:1249 L. monocytogenes 1234:1249 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 0 29 theme multifunctional 15:29 arg1 films 61:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 8 30 theme foodborne 1191:1199 arg1 bacteria 1212:1219 foodborne pathogenic bacteria 1191:1219 foodborne pathogenic bacteria 1191:1219 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 30 theme foodborne 1191:1199 arg1 coli 1225:1228 E. coli 1222:1228 E. coli 1222:1228 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 30 theme foodborne 1191:1199 arg1 monocytogenes 1237:1249 L. monocytogenes 1234:1249 L. monocytogenes 1234:1249 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 31 contain containing 1126:1135 arg2 GSE 1137:1139 GSE 1137:1139 GSE 1137:1139 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 8 31 contain containing 1126:1135 arg1 films 1120:1124 CMC films 1116:1124 CMC films containing GSE 1116:1139 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 1 32 theme Chitin 133:138 arg1 ChNC 154:157 ChNC 154:157 ChNC 154:157 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 1 32 theme Chitin 133:138 arg1 nanocrystals 140:151 Chitin nanocrystals 133:151 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) 133:158 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 0 33 theme films 61:65 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 0:65 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 7 34 theme film 1103:1106 arg1 permeability 1073:1084 the water vapor permeability 1057:1084 the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film 1057:1106 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 7 34 theme film 1103:1106 arg1 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 WVP 1087:1089 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 7 35 theme CMC 1099:1101 arg1 film 1103:1106 the CMC film 1095:1106 the CMC film 1095:1106 The addition of ChNC reduced the water vapor permeability (WVP) of the CMC film by 27%. 31751738 2 36 theme carboxymethyl 271:283 arg1 films 311:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 1 37 theme ammonium 226:233 arg1 methods 246:252 ammonium persulfate methods 226:252 ammonium persulfate methods 226:252 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 0 38 theme cellulose-based 45:59 arg1 films 61:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 0 39 theme carboxymethyl 31:43 arg1 films 61:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films 15:65 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 2 40 from effects 391:397 arg1 barrier 439:445 the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 402:445 barrier 439:445 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 1 41 theme persulfate 235:244 arg1 methods 246:252 ammonium persulfate methods 226:252 ammonium persulfate methods 226:252 Chitin nanocrystals (ChNC) were isolated from shrimp shells powder using acid hydrolysis and ammonium persulfate methods. 31751738 2 42 theme antibacterial 452:464 arg1 properties 466:475 antibacterial properties 452:475 antibacterial properties of CMC film 452:487 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 3 43 contain had 526:528 arg2 structure 544:552 a needle-like structure 530:552 a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm 530:607 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 43 contain had 526:528 arg1 ChNC 521:524 The isolated ChNC 508:524 The isolated ChNC 508:524 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 8 44 theme antibacterial 1160:1172 arg1 activity 1174:1181 strong antibacterial activity 1153:1181 strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes 1153:1249 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 3 45 theme isolation 626:634 arg1 method 636:641 the isolation method 622:641 the isolation method 622:641 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 46 theme 340-370 nm 571:580 arg1 diameter 588:595 a diameter 586:595 a diameter of 18-20 nm 586:607 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 46 theme 340-370 nm 571:580 arg1 length 561:566 a length 559:566 a length of 340-370 nm 559:580 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 8 47 theme strong 1153:1158 arg1 activity 1174:1181 strong antibacterial activity 1153:1181 strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes 1153:1249 CMC films containing GSE also showed strong antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and L. monocytogenes. 31751738 3 48 with structure 544:552 arg1 diameter 588:595 a diameter 586:595 a diameter of 18-20 nm 586:607 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 48 with structure 544:552 arg1 length 561:566 a length 559:566 a length of 340-370 nm 559:580 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 49 theme 18-20 nm 600:607 arg1 diameter 588:595 a diameter 586:595 a diameter of 18-20 nm 586:607 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 3 49 theme 18-20 nm 600:607 arg1 length 561:566 a length 559:566 a length of 340-370 nm 559:580 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 2 50 theme Multifunctional 255:269 arg1 films 311:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 51 theme seed 361:364 arg1 extract 366:372 grapefruit seed extract 350:372 grapefruit seed extract (GSE) 350:378 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 51 theme seed 361:364 arg1 GSE 375:377 GSE 375:377 GSE 375:377 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 52 theme CMC 296:298 arg1 films 311:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 53 theme grapefruit 350:359 arg1 extract 366:372 grapefruit seed extract 350:372 grapefruit seed extract (GSE) 350:378 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 2 53 theme grapefruit 350:359 arg1 GSE 375:377 GSE 375:377 GSE 375:377 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 4 54 theme high 707:710 arg1 properties 723:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 high UV barrier properties 707:732 The CMC films prepared with ChNC and GSE were transparent with high UV barrier properties. 31751738 2 55 theme optical 406:412 arg1 barrier 439:445 the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier 402:445 barrier 439:445 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 31751738 3 56 theme isolated 512:519 arg1 ChNC 521:524 The isolated ChNC 508:524 The isolated ChNC 508:524 The isolated ChNC had a needle-like structure with a length of 340-370 nm and a diameter of 18-20 nm depending on the isolation method. 31751738 0 57 theme chitin 85:90 arg1 nanocrystal 92:102 chitin nanocrystal 85:102 chitin nanocrystal 85:102 Preparation of multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose-based films incorporated with chitin nanocrystal and grapefruit seed extract. 31751738 2 58 theme cellulose 285:293 arg1 films 311:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films 255:315 Multifunctional carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite films were prepared by adding ChNC and grapefruit seed extract (GSE), and their effects on the optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and antibacterial properties of CMC film were investigated. 30699081 7 0 theme adsorption 1139:1148 arg1 behavior 1150:1157 excellent adsorption behavior 1129:1157 excellent adsorption behavior 1129:1157 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 1 1 theme based 162:166 arg1 cobalt 175:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 0 2 from removal 10:16 arg1 solution 52:59 aqueous solution 44:59 aqueous solution 44:59 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 1 3 theme spinel 168:173 arg1 cobalt 175:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 7 4 theme aqueous 1195:1201 arg1 media 1203:1207 aqueous media 1195:1207 aqueous media 1195:1207 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 4 5 theme adsorption 683:692 arg1 studies 694:700 Competitive adsorption studies 671:700 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions 671:720 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 7 6 from study 1078:1082 arg1 results 1060:1066 The results 1056:1066 The results from this study 1056:1082 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 5 7 theme real 945:948 arg1 groundwater 950:960 real groundwater 945:960 real groundwater spiked with cadmium 945:980 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 7 8 theme excellent 1129:1137 arg1 behavior 1150:1157 excellent adsorption behavior 1129:1157 excellent adsorption behavior 1129:1157 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 4 9 theme preferable 734:743 arg1 selectivity 745:755 preferable selectivity 734:755 preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions 734:788 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 4 10 theme adsorbents 760:769 arg1 selectivity 745:755 preferable selectivity 734:755 preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions 734:788 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 7 11 theme ions 1185:1188 arg1 removal 1167:1173 the removal 1163:1173 the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media 1163:1207 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 2 12 theme as-obtained 390:400 arg1 composites 402:411 the as-obtained composites 386:411 the as-obtained composites as adsorbents 386:425 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 4 13 from studies 694:700 arg1 solutions 712:720 binary solutions 705:720 binary solutions 705:720 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 1 14 theme cobalt 175:180 arg1 composites 243:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites 128:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites 128:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 2 15 theme pseudo-second-order 481:499 arg1 kinetics 501:508 pseudo-second-order kinetics 481:508 pseudo-second-order kinetics 481:508 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 4 16 theme Competitive 671:681 arg1 studies 694:700 Competitive adsorption studies 671:700 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions 671:720 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 2 17 theme pH-dependent 431:442 arg1 model 510:514 pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model 431:514 pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model 431:514 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 17 theme pH-dependent 431:442 arg1 removal 354:360 the removal 350:360 the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents 350:425 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 18 dep pH-dependent 431:442 arg1 fitted 471:476 fitted 471:476 fitted 471:476 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 18 dep pH-dependent 431:442 arg1 rapid 445:449 rapid 445:449 rapid 445:449 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 18 dep pH-dependent 431:442 arg1 proficient 452:461 proficient 452:461 proficient 452:461 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 5 19 contain had 874:876 arg2 application 903:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 5 19 contain had 874:876 arg1 CS/NiFe2O4 863:872 CS/NiFe2O4 863:872 CS/NiFe2O4 863:872 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 5 19 contain had 874:876 arg1 CS/CoFe2O4 848:857 CS/CoFe2O4 848:857 CS/CoFe2O4 848:857 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 2 20 theme adsorption 312:321 arg1 experiments 323:333 batch adsorption experiments 306:333 batch adsorption experiments 306:333 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 1 21 theme nickel 186:191 arg1 composites 243:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites 128:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites 128:252 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 0 22 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan 0:100 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 6 23 theme exhausted 987:995 arg1 adsorbents 997:1006 The exhausted adsorbents 983:1006 The exhausted adsorbents 983:1006 The exhausted adsorbents could be regenerated efficiently by 0.5 M HNO3. 30699081 5 24 theme satisfactory 880:891 arg1 application 903:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 2 25 theme batch 306:310 arg1 experiments 323:333 batch adsorption experiments 306:333 batch adsorption experiments 306:333 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 0 26 theme cadmium 21:27 arg1 ions 34:37 cadmium (II) ions 21:37 cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution 21:59 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 2 27 theme isotherm 550:557 arg1 model 559:563 isotherm model 550:563 isotherm model 550:563 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 4 28 theme Cd 778:779 arg1 ions 785:788 Cd(II) ions 778:788 Cd(II) ions 778:788 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 5 29 theme Cd 933:934 arg1 removal 922:928 the removal 918:928 the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium 918:980 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 1 30 theme recoverable 141:151 arg1 cobalt 175:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 0 31 theme II 30:31 arg1 ions 34:37 cadmium (II) ions 21:37 cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution 21:59 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 2 32 theme monolayer 529:537 arg1 adsorption 539:548 Langmuir monolayer adsorption 520:548 Langmuir monolayer adsorption 520:548 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 0 33 from solution 52:59 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan 0:100 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 0 33 from solution 52:59 arg1 ions 34:37 cadmium (II) ions 21:37 cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution 21:59 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 7 34 from media 1203:1207 arg1 removal 1167:1173 the removal 1163:1173 the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media 1163:1207 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 5 35 from groundwater 950:960 arg1 removal 922:928 the removal 918:928 the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium 918:980 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 2 36 theme ions 378:381 arg1 model 510:514 pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model 431:514 pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model 431:514 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 36 theme ions 378:381 arg1 removal 354:360 the removal 350:360 the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents 350:425 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 37 theme Langmuir 520:527 arg1 adsorption 539:548 Langmuir monolayer adsorption 520:548 Langmuir monolayer adsorption 520:548 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 3 38 theme promoted 641:648 arg1 capacity 661:668 promoted adsorption capacity 641:668 promoted adsorption capacity 641:668 Compared to the naked particles, magnetic bio-polymer composites exhibited promoted adsorption capacity. 30699081 7 39 theme Cd 1178:1179 arg1 ions 1185:1188 Cd(II) ions 1178:1188 Cd(II) ions 1178:1188 The results from this study support that CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 prove excellent adsorption behavior for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. 30699081 0 40 theme ions 34:37 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan 0:100 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 3 41 theme adsorption 650:659 arg1 capacity 661:668 promoted adsorption capacity 641:668 promoted adsorption capacity 641:668 Compared to the naked particles, magnetic bio-polymer composites exhibited promoted adsorption capacity. 30699081 1 42 dep cobalt 175:180 arg1 CS/CoFe2O4 202:211 CS/CoFe2O4 202:211 CS/CoFe2O4 202:211 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 1 42 dep cobalt 175:180 arg1 ferrite 193:199 ferrite 193:199 ferrite 193:199 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 1 42 dep cobalt 175:180 arg1 CS/NiFe2O4 217:226 CS/NiFe2O4 217:226 CS/NiFe2O4 217:226 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30699081 2 43 theme toxic 365:369 arg1 ions 378:381 toxic Cd(II) ions 365:381 toxic Cd(II) ions 365:381 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 3 44 theme naked 582:586 arg1 particles 588:596 the naked particles 578:596 the naked particles 578:596 Compared to the naked particles, magnetic bio-polymer composites exhibited promoted adsorption capacity. 30699081 4 45 theme cations 821:827 arg1 presence 797:804 the presence 793:804 the presence of co-existing cations 793:827 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 4 46 theme co-existing 809:819 arg1 cations 821:827 co-existing cations 809:827 co-existing cations 809:827 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 4 47 theme binary 705:710 arg1 solutions 712:720 binary solutions 705:720 binary solutions 705:720 Competitive adsorption studies in binary solutions illustrated preferable selectivity of adsorbents toward Cd(II) ions in the presence of co-existing cations. 30699081 6 48 theme M 1048:1048 arg1 HNO3 1050:1053 0.5 M HNO3 1044:1053 0.5 M HNO3 1044:1053 The exhausted adsorbents could be regenerated efficiently by 0.5 M HNO3. 30699081 2 49 dep model 510:514 arg1 model 559:563 isotherm model 550:563 isotherm model 550:563 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 2 50 theme experiments 323:333 arg1 series 296:301 A series 294:301 A series of batch adsorption experiments 294:333 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 6 51 theme 0.5 1044:1046 arg1 M 1048:1048 M 1048:1048 M 1048:1048 The exhausted adsorbents could be regenerated efficiently by 0.5 M HNO3. 30699081 0 52 theme aqueous 44:50 arg1 solution 52:59 aqueous solution 44:59 aqueous solution 44:59 Efficient removal of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by CoFe2O4/chitosan and NiFe2O4/chitosan composites as adsorbents. 30699081 3 53 theme magnetic 599:606 arg1 composites 620:629 magnetic bio-polymer composites 599:629 magnetic bio-polymer composites 599:629 Compared to the naked particles, magnetic bio-polymer composites exhibited promoted adsorption capacity. 30699081 2 54 theme Cd 371:372 arg1 ions 378:381 toxic Cd(II) ions 365:381 toxic Cd(II) ions 365:381 A series of batch adsorption experiments indicated that the removal of toxic Cd(II) ions by the as-obtained composites as adsorbents was pH-dependent, rapid, proficient, better fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm model. 30699081 5 55 theme practical 893:901 arg1 application 903:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 a satisfactory practical application 878:913 More importantly, CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4 had a satisfactory practical application in the removal of Cd(II) from real groundwater spiked with cadmium. 30699081 3 56 theme bio-polymer 608:618 arg1 composites 620:629 magnetic bio-polymer composites 599:629 magnetic bio-polymer composites 599:629 Compared to the naked particles, magnetic bio-polymer composites exhibited promoted adsorption capacity. 30699081 1 57 theme chitosan 153:160 arg1 cobalt 175:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt 128:180 Magnetically recoverable chitosan based spinel cobalt and nickel ferrite (CS/CoFe2O4 and CS/NiFe2O4, respectively) composites were successfully prepared in one step. 30889670 0 0 theme cartilage 110:118 arg1 regeneration 120:131 cartilage regeneration 110:131 cartilage regeneration 110:131 Preparation and characterization of the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO scaffolds loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration. 30889670 2 1 theme Col/CNC 534:540 arg1 scaffolds 553:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 2 theme stem 678:681 arg1 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 2 theme stem 678:681 arg1 cells 683:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells 646:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 646:695 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 3 theme super-paramagnetic 372:389 arg1 USPIO 403:407 USPIO 403:407 USPIO 403:407 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 3 theme super-paramagnetic 372:389 arg1 iron-oxide 391:400 the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide 357:400 the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) 357:408 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 4 theme mesenchymal 666:676 arg1 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 4 theme mesenchymal 666:676 arg1 cells 683:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells 646:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 646:695 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 5 theme ultrasmall 361:370 arg1 USPIO 403:407 USPIO 403:407 USPIO 403:407 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 5 theme ultrasmall 361:370 arg1 iron-oxide 391:400 the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide 357:400 the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) 357:408 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 4 6 theme chondrogenic 1086:1097 arg1 differentiation 1099:1113 the chondrogenic differentiation 1082:1113 the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis 1082:1188 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 5 7 theme promising 1324:1332 arg1 biomaterials 1334:1345 a promising biomaterials 1322:1345 a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair 1322:1366 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 7 theme promising 1324:1332 arg1 scaffolds 1305:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 2 8 theme marrow-derived 651:664 arg1 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 8 theme marrow-derived 651:664 arg1 cells 683:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells 646:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 646:695 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 9 dep scaffolds 1449:1457 arg1 neocartilage 1475:1486 neocartilage 1475:1486 neocartilage 1475:1486 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 9 dep scaffolds 1449:1457 arg1 degradation 1459:1469 degradation 1459:1469 degradation 1459:1469 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 9 dep scaffolds 1449:1457 arg1 scaffolds 1449:1457 scaffolds 1449:1457 scaffolds degradation and neocartilage 1449:1486 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 2 10 theme small 317:321 arg1 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin (KGN) 258:273 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 10 theme small 317:321 arg1 molecule 323:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 3 11 theme scaffolds 904:912 arg1 degradation 885:895 the degradation 881:895 the degradation of the scaffolds 881:912 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 3 11 theme scaffolds 904:912 arg1 capacity 934:941 the self-repair capacity 918:941 the self-repair capacity of cartilage 918:954 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 2 12 theme non-protein 305:315 arg1 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin (KGN) 258:273 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 12 theme non-protein 305:315 arg1 molecule 323:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 4 13 theme composite 1017:1025 arg1 scaffolds 1027:1035 the composite scaffolds 1013:1035 the composite scaffolds 1013:1035 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 4 14 dep In 957:958 arg1 vitro 960:964 vitro 960:964 vitro 960:964 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 2 15 theme chondroinductive 288:303 arg1 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin (KGN) 258:273 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 15 theme chondroinductive 288:303 arg1 molecule 323:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 3 16 theme cartilage 946:954 arg1 degradation 885:895 the degradation 881:895 the degradation of the scaffolds 881:912 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 3 16 theme cartilage 946:954 arg1 capacity 934:941 the self-repair capacity 918:941 the self-repair capacity of cartilage 918:954 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 2 17 theme innovational 413:424 arg1 technology 435:444 innovational one-step technology 413:444 innovational one-step technology 413:444 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 0 18 theme collagen/cellulose 40:57 arg1 nanocrystals/USPIO 59:76 the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO 36:76 the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO 36:76 Preparation and characterization of the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO scaffolds loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration. 30889670 2 19 theme emerging 279:286 arg1 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin 258:267 Kartogenin (KGN) 258:273 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 19 theme emerging 279:286 arg1 molecule 323:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule 276:330 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 3 20 theme self-repair 922:932 arg1 capacity 934:941 the self-repair capacity 918:941 the self-repair capacity of cartilage 918:954 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 1 21 theme innate 201:206 arg1 abilities 208:216 innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response 201:255 innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response 201:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 2 22 theme chondrocyte 733:743 arg1 formation 720:728 the formation 716:728 the formation of chondrocyte 716:743 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 4 23 theme specific 1164:1171 arg1 analysis 1181:1188 specific markers analysis 1164:1188 specific markers analysis 1164:1188 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 1 24 theme abilities 208:216 arg1 lack 193:196 lack 193:196 lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response 193:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 4 25 theme sustained 1042:1050 arg1 manner 1063:1068 a sustained and stable manner 1040:1068 a sustained and stable manner 1040:1068 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 3 26 theme small 793:797 arg1 drugs 808:812 small molecule drugs 793:812 small molecule drugs 793:812 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 2 27 theme cells 683:687 arg1 differentiation 627:641 differentiation 627:641 differentiation 627:641 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 27 theme cells 683:687 arg1 growth 616:621 growth 616:621 growth 616:621 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 4 28 theme UV 1133:1134 arg1 test 1154:1157 UV spectrophotometry test 1133:1157 UV spectrophotometry test 1133:1157 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 3 29 theme molecule 799:806 arg1 drugs 808:812 small molecule drugs 793:812 small molecule drugs 793:812 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 4 30 theme In 957:958 arg1 studies 966:972 In vitro studies 957:972 In vitro studies 957:972 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 4 31 theme stable 1056:1061 arg1 manner 1063:1068 a sustained and stable manner 1040:1068 a sustained and stable manner 1040:1068 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 5 32 theme labeled 1206:1212 arg1 scaffolds 1224:1232 USPIO labeled composite scaffolds 1200:1232 USPIO labeled composite scaffolds 1200:1232 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 33 theme cartilage 1351:1359 arg1 repair 1361:1366 cartilage repair 1351:1366 cartilage repair 1351:1366 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 2 34 theme nanocrystals 520:531 arg1 scaffolds 553:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 35 theme composite 1214:1222 arg1 scaffolds 1224:1232 USPIO labeled composite scaffolds 1200:1232 USPIO labeled composite scaffolds 1200:1232 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 36 theme composite 1295:1303 arg1 biomaterials 1334:1345 a promising biomaterials 1322:1345 a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair 1322:1366 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 36 theme composite 1295:1303 arg1 scaffolds 1305:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 4 37 theme spectrophotometry 1136:1152 arg1 test 1154:1157 UV spectrophotometry test 1133:1157 UV spectrophotometry test 1133:1157 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 1 38 theme sufficient 229:238 arg1 response 248:255 a sufficient healing response 227:255 a sufficient healing response 227:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 2 39 theme collagen/cellulose 501:518 arg1 scaffolds 553:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 40 theme appropriate 579:589 arg1 microenvironment 591:606 an appropriate microenvironment 576:606 an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 576:695 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 41 theme semiquantitative 1420:1435 arg1 analysis 1437:1444 semiquantitative analysis 1420:1444 semiquantitative analysis 1420:1444 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 1 42 theme healing 240:246 arg1 response 248:255 a sufficient healing response 227:255 a sufficient healing response 227:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 2 43 theme cross-linking 487:499 arg1 scaffolds 553:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 44 dep growth 616:621 arg1 the 612:614 the 612:614 the 612:614 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 45 theme analysis 1437:1444 arg1 function 1378:1385 the function 1374:1385 the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage 1374:1486 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 0 46 theme nanocrystals/USPIO 59:76 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO scaffolds loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration. 30889670 0 46 theme nanocrystals/USPIO 59:76 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO scaffolds loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration. 30889670 5 47 dep loss 1267:1270 arg1 biomaterials 1334:1345 a promising biomaterials 1322:1345 a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair 1322:1366 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 47 dep loss 1267:1270 arg1 scaffolds 1305:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 the composite scaffolds 1291:1313 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 1 48 theme cartilage 154:162 arg1 problem 181:187 a challenging problem 167:187 a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response 167:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 1 48 theme cartilage 154:162 arg1 regeneration 138:149 The regeneration 134:149 The regeneration of cartilage 134:162 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 2 49 link marrow-derived 651:664 arg1 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 BMSCs 690:694 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 49 link marrow-derived 651:664 arg1 cells 683:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells 646:687 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 646:695 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 50 theme scaffolds 1449:1457 arg1 visualization 1402:1414 noninvasive visualization 1390:1414 noninvasive visualization 1390:1414 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 50 theme scaffolds 1449:1457 arg1 analysis 1437:1444 semiquantitative analysis 1420:1444 semiquantitative analysis 1420:1444 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 3 51 theme contrast 831:838 arg1 agents 840:845 MRI contrast agents 827:845 MRI contrast agents 827:845 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 30889670 2 52 dep bound 333:337 arg1 followed 447:454 followed 447:454 followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte 447:743 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 4 53 theme markers 1173:1179 arg1 analysis 1181:1188 specific markers analysis 1164:1188 specific markers analysis 1164:1188 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 2 54 theme bioactive 543:551 arg1 scaffolds 553:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds 483:561 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 2 55 theme one-step 426:433 arg1 technology 435:444 innovational one-step technology 413:444 innovational one-step technology 413:444 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 56 theme noninvasive 1390:1400 arg1 visualization 1402:1414 noninvasive visualization 1390:1414 noninvasive visualization 1390:1414 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 1 57 theme challenging 169:179 arg1 problem 181:187 a challenging problem 167:187 a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response 167:255 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 1 57 theme challenging 169:179 arg1 regeneration 138:149 The regeneration 134:149 The regeneration of cartilage 134:162 The regeneration of cartilage is a challenging problem for lack of innate abilities to mount a sufficient healing response. 30889670 4 58 theme BMSCs 1118:1122 arg1 differentiation 1099:1113 the chondrogenic differentiation 1082:1113 the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis 1082:1188 In vitro studies showed that the KGN could release from the composite scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner and promote the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs based on UV spectrophotometry test, and specific markers analysis. 30889670 0 59 theme loaded 88:93 arg1 kartogenin 95:104 loaded kartogenin 88:104 loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration 88:131 Preparation and characterization of the collagen/cellulose nanocrystals/USPIO scaffolds loaded kartogenin for cartilage regeneration. 30889670 5 60 theme relaxation 1275:1284 arg1 rate 1286:1289 relaxation rate 1275:1289 relaxation rate 1275:1289 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 5 61 theme visualization 1402:1414 arg1 function 1378:1385 the function 1374:1385 the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage 1374:1486 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 2 62 theme iron-oxide 391:400 arg1 surface 346:352 the surface 342:352 the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) 342:408 Kartogenin (KGN), an emerging chondroinductive non-protein small molecule, bound to the surface of the ultrasmall super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) by innovational one-step technology, followed by being incorporated into the cross-linking collagen/cellulose nanocrystals (Col/CNC) bioactive scaffolds to stimulate an appropriate microenvironment for the growth and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), thus facilitating the formation of chondrocyte. 30889670 5 63 theme rate 1286:1289 arg1 loss 1267:1270 loss 1267:1270 loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair 1267:1366 Of note, USPIO labeled composite scaffolds retained their stability without loss of relaxation rate the composite scaffolds can be a promising biomaterials for cartilage repair, with the function of noninvasive visualization and semiquantitative analysis of scaffolds degradation and neocartilage. 30889670 3 64 theme MRI 827:829 arg1 agents 840:845 MRI contrast agents 827:845 MRI contrast agents 827:845 Herein, USPIO not only served as a carrier for small molecule drugs, but also as MRI contrast agents, which can non-invasively monitor the degradation of the scaffolds and the self-repair capacity of cartilage. 31705897 5 0 theme GAG 1015:1017 arg1 chains 1019:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 4 1 from composition 727:737 arg1 retina 771:776 retina 771:776 retina 771:776 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 1 from composition 727:737 arg1 nerve 761:765 optic nerve 755:765 optic nerve 755:765 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 5 2 from persistence 1051:1061 arg1 scar 1085:1088 the glial scar 1075:1088 the glial scar 1075:1088 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 5 3 theme glial 1079:1083 arg1 scar 1085:1088 the glial scar 1075:1088 the glial scar 1075:1088 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 5 4 from increase 976:983 arg1 chains 1019:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 3 5 theme optic 657:661 arg1 injury 669:674 optic nerve injury 657:674 optic nerve injury 657:674 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 6 theme patterns 524:531 arg1 expression 482:491 Differential expression 469:491 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns 469:531 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 2 7 from roles 441:445 arg1 repair 461:466 repair 461:466 repair 461:466 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 2 7 from roles 441:445 arg1 injury 450:455 injury 450:455 injury 450:455 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 5 8 theme function 1191:1198 arg1 recovery 1179:1186 recovery 1179:1186 recovery 1179:1186 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 5 8 theme function 1191:1198 arg1 regeneration 1162:1173 regeneration 1162:1173 regeneration 1162:1173 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 2 9 theme proteins 321:328 arg1 patterns 334:341 patterns 334:341 patterns of GAG sulfation 334:358 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 2 9 theme proteins 321:328 arg1 diversity 298:306 the rich diversity 289:306 the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins 289:328 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 4 10 dep nerve 761:765 arg1 the 751:753 the 751:753 the 751:753 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 1 11 theme glial 171:175 arg1 scar 177:180 the glial scar 167:180 the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) 167:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 3 12 theme sulfation 514:522 arg1 patterns 524:531 sulfation patterns 514:531 sulfation patterns 514:531 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 4 13 from retina 771:776 arg1 composition 727:737 the composition 723:737 the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats 723:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 14 theme nerve 794:798 arg1 ONC 807:809 ONC 807:809 ONC 807:809 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 14 theme nerve 794:798 arg1 crush 800:804 optic nerve crush 788:804 optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats 788:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 5 15 theme 4-sulfated 999:1008 arg1 chains 1019:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains 988:1024 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 0 16 theme Spatiotemporal 0:13 arg1 distribution 15:26 Spatiotemporal distribution 0:26 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 0:100 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 4 17 theme optic 788:792 arg1 ONC 807:809 ONC 807:809 ONC 807:809 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 17 theme optic 788:792 arg1 crush 800:804 optic nerve crush 788:804 optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats 788:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 2 18 theme rich 293:296 arg1 diversity 298:306 the rich diversity 289:306 the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins 289:328 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 5 19 theme regeneration 1162:1173 arg1 failure 1151:1157 the failure 1147:1157 the failure of regeneration and recovery of function 1147:1198 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 1 20 theme acute 192:196 arg1 damage 198:203 acute damage 192:203 acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) 192:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 0 21 theme chondroitin 31:41 arg1 proteoglycans 51:63 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 31:63 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 31:63 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 1 22 theme injured 268:274 arg1 axons 276:280 injured axons 268:280 injured axons 268:280 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 3 23 dep brain 564:568 arg1 the 560:562 the 560:562 the 560:562 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 4 24 theme optic 755:759 arg1 nerve 761:765 optic nerve 755:765 optic nerve 755:765 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 2 25 theme CSPGs 398:402 arg1 composition 377:387 the composition 373:387 the composition of these CSPGs 373:402 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 4 26 theme spinal 937:942 arg1 injury 949:954 spinal cord injury 937:954 spinal cord injury 937:954 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 1 27 theme axons 276:280 arg1 regeneration 252:263 the regeneration 248:263 the regeneration of injured axons 248:280 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 5 28 theme CSPGs 1066:1070 arg1 persistence 1051:1061 the persistence 1047:1061 the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar 1047:1088 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 3 29 theme Differential 469:480 arg1 expression 482:491 Differential expression 469:491 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns 469:531 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 5 30 theme recovery 1179:1186 arg1 failure 1151:1157 the failure 1147:1157 the failure of regeneration and recovery of function 1147:1198 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 3 31 theme core 496:499 arg1 proteins 501:508 core proteins 496:508 core proteins 496:508 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 0 32 theme proteoglycans 51:63 arg1 distribution 15:26 Spatiotemporal distribution 0:26 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 0:100 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 2 33 theme core 316:319 arg1 proteins 321:328 CSPG core proteins 311:328 CSPG core proteins 311:328 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 3 34 theme comprehensive 610:622 arg1 study 624:628 a comprehensive study 608:628 a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury 608:674 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 35 theme spinal 574:579 arg1 cord 581:584 spinal cord 574:584 spinal cord 574:584 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 2 36 theme sulfation 350:358 arg1 patterns 334:341 patterns 334:341 patterns of GAG sulfation 334:358 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 2 36 theme sulfation 350:358 arg1 diversity 298:306 the rich diversity 289:306 the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins 289:328 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 0 37 theme sulfate 43:49 arg1 proteoglycans 51:63 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 31:63 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 31:63 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 0 38 from injury 83:88 arg1 rodents 93:99 rodents 93:99 rodents 93:99 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 4 39 theme cord 944:947 arg1 injury 949:954 spinal cord injury 937:954 spinal cord injury 937:954 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 1 40 theme central 212:218 arg1 CNS 236:238 CNS 236:238 CNS 236:238 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 40 theme central 212:218 arg1 system 228:233 the central nervous system 208:233 the central nervous system (CNS) 208:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 0 41 theme optic 71:75 arg1 injury 83:88 optic nerve injury 71:88 optic nerve injury in rodents 71:99 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 4 42 from nerve 761:765 arg1 composition 727:737 the composition 723:737 the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats 723:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 1 43 theme chondroitin 122:132 arg1 proteoglycans 142:154 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 122:154 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) 122:162 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 43 theme chondroitin 122:132 arg1 CSPGs 157:161 CSPGs 157:161 CSPGs 157:161 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 4 44 theme similar 908:914 arg1 aggrecan 853:860 aggrecan 853:860 aggrecan 853:860 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 1 45 theme sulfate 134:140 arg1 proteoglycans 142:154 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans 122:154 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) 122:162 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 45 theme sulfate 134:140 arg1 CSPGs 157:161 CSPGs 157:161 CSPGs 157:161 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 46 from accumulation 106:117 arg1 scar 177:180 the glial scar 167:180 the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) 167:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 4 47 theme CSPGs 742:746 arg1 composition 727:737 the composition 723:737 the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats 723:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 3 48 theme changes 639:645 arg1 study 624:628 a comprehensive study 608:628 a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury 608:674 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 1 49 theme proteoglycans 142:154 arg1 accumulation 106:117 The accumulation 102:117 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) 102:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 50 theme nervous 220:226 arg1 CNS 236:238 CNS 236:238 CNS 236:238 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 1 50 theme nervous 220:226 arg1 system 228:233 the central nervous system 208:233 the central nervous system (CNS) 208:239 The accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the glial scar following acute damage to the central nervous system (CNS) limits the regeneration of injured axons. 31705897 3 51 theme rats 598:601 arg1 brain 564:568 brain 564:568 brain 564:568 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 51 theme rats 598:601 arg1 cord 581:584 spinal cord 574:584 spinal cord 574:584 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 4 52 from increase 841:848 arg1 brevican 863:870 brevican 863:870 brevican 863:870 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 52 from increase 841:848 arg1 versican 898:905 versican 898:905 versican 898:905 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 52 from increase 841:848 arg1 neurocan 885:892 neurocan 885:892 neurocan 885:892 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 52 from increase 841:848 arg1 aggrecan 853:860 aggrecan 853:860 aggrecan 853:860 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 52 from increase 841:848 arg1 phosphacan 873:882 phosphacan 873:882 phosphacan 873:882 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 2 53 theme CSPG 311:314 arg1 proteins 321:328 CSPG core proteins 311:328 CSPG core proteins 311:328 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 4 54 from crush 800:804 arg1 rats 824:827 rats 824:827 rats 824:827 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 54 from crush 800:804 arg1 mice 815:818 mice 815:818 mice 815:818 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 55 from CSPGs 742:746 arg1 retina 771:776 retina 771:776 retina 771:776 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 4 55 from CSPGs 742:746 arg1 nerve 761:765 optic nerve 755:765 optic nerve 755:765 Here, we show that the composition of CSPGs in the optic nerve and retina following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice and rats exhibits an increase in aggrecan, brevican, phosphacan, neurocan and versican, similar to changes following spinal cord injury. 31705897 2 56 theme GAG 346:348 arg1 sulfation 350:358 GAG sulfation 346:358 GAG sulfation 346:358 Given the rich diversity of CSPG core proteins and patterns of GAG sulfation, identifying the composition of these CSPGs is essential for understanding their roles in injury and repair. 31705897 0 57 theme nerve 77:81 arg1 injury 83:88 optic nerve injury 71:88 optic nerve injury in rodents 71:99 Spatiotemporal distribution of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after optic nerve injury in rodents. 31705897 3 58 theme nerve 663:667 arg1 injury 669:674 optic nerve injury 657:674 optic nerve injury 657:674 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 59 theme mice 589:592 arg1 brain 564:568 brain 564:568 brain 564:568 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 59 theme mice 589:592 arg1 cord 581:584 spinal cord 574:584 spinal cord 574:584 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 3 60 theme proteins 501:508 arg1 expression 482:491 Differential expression 469:491 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns 469:531 Differential expression of core proteins and sulfation patterns have been characterized in the brain and spinal cord of mice and rats, but a comprehensive study of these changes following optic nerve injury has not yet been performed. 31705897 5 61 theme axons 1116:1120 arg1 growth 1102:1107 the growth 1098:1107 the growth of CNS axons 1098:1120 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 31705897 5 62 theme CNS 1112:1114 arg1 axons 1116:1120 CNS axons 1112:1120 CNS axons 1112:1120 We also observe an increase in inhibitory 4-sulfated (4S) GAG chains, which suggests that the persistence of CSPGs in the glial scar opposes the growth of CNS axons, thereby contributing to the failure of regeneration and recovery of function. 30452987 4 0 theme excellent 788:796 arg1 distribution 798:809 an excellent distribution 785:809 an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix 785:859 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 5 1 theme rheological 949:959 arg1 investigation 961:973 The rheological investigation 945:973 The rheological investigation 945:973 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 4 2 theme pore 934:937 arg1 size 939:942 the pore size 930:942 the pore size 930:942 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 1 3 theme based 191:195 arg1 hydrogels 207:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 0 4 theme tricarboxy 68:77 arg1 cellulose 79:87 tricarboxy cellulose 68:87 tricarboxy cellulose 68:87 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 3 5 theme 13C 596:598 arg1 NMR 600:602 13C NMR 596:602 13C NMR 596:602 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 3 5 theme 13C 596:598 arg1 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 4 6 theme hydrogels 751:759 arg1 studies 727:733 The morphology studies 712:733 The morphology studies 712:733 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 1 7 theme composite 197:205 arg1 hydrogels 207:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 5 8 theme synergistic 987:997 arg1 network 999:1005 the synergistic network 983:1005 the synergistic network 983:1005 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 5 9 theme tricarboxy 1033:1042 arg1 cellulose 1044:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 6 10 theme potential 1185:1193 arg1 hydrogels 1172:1180 these hydrogels 1166:1180 these hydrogels 1166:1180 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 6 10 theme potential 1185:1193 arg1 candidates 1195:1204 potential candidates 1185:1204 potential candidates in tissue engineering applications 1185:1239 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 1 11 theme hydrogels 207:215 arg1 preparation 137:147 the preparation 133:147 the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels 133:215 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 3 12 theme rheology 616:623 arg1 measurements 625:636 rheology measurements 616:636 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements 564:636 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 2 13 theme OxC 452:454 arg1 solutions 439:447 the aqueous solutions 427:447 the aqueous solutions of OxC 427:454 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 1 14 theme poly 152:155 arg1 preparation 137:147 the preparation 133:147 the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels 133:215 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 0 15 theme self-healable 35:47 arg1 hydrogels 49:57 self-healable hydrogels 35:57 self-healable hydrogels 35:57 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 2 16 theme agent 557:561 arg1 absence 514:520 the absence 510:520 the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent 510:561 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 4 17 theme cellulose 829:837 arg1 distribution 798:809 an excellent distribution 785:809 an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix 785:859 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 0 18 theme vinyl 98:102 arg1 poly 93:96 poly 93:96 poly(vinyl alcohol) 93:111 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 0 18 theme vinyl 98:102 arg1 alcohol 104:110 vinyl alcohol 98:110 vinyl alcohol 98:110 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 2 19 theme shot 384:387 arg1 procedure 399:407 a one shot oxidation procedure 378:407 a one shot oxidation procedure 378:407 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 2 20 theme cross-linking 543:555 arg1 agent 557:561 any supplementary cross-linking agent 525:561 any supplementary cross-linking agent 525:561 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 6 21 theme tissue 1209:1214 arg1 applications 1228:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 2 22 theme carboxyl 328:335 arg1 groups 337:342 three carboxyl groups 322:342 three carboxyl groups 322:342 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 0 23 theme Green 0:4 arg1 route 6:10 Green route 0:10 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels 0:57 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 1 24 theme freezing/thawing 220:235 arg1 method 237:242 freezing/thawing method 220:242 freezing/thawing method 220:242 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 2 25 theme supplementary 529:541 arg1 agent 557:561 any supplementary cross-linking agent 525:561 any supplementary cross-linking agent 525:561 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 1 26 theme vinyl 158:162 arg1 poly 152:155 poly 152:155 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 152:177 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 1 26 theme vinyl 158:162 arg1 alcohol 164:170 vinyl alcohol 158:170 vinyl alcohol 158:170 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 3 27 used used 643:646 arg2 measurements 625:636 rheology measurements 616:636 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements 564:636 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 3 27 used used 643:646 arg2 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 3 27 used used 643:646 arg2 methods 577:583 The spectral methods 564:583 The spectral methods 564:583 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 2 28 theme PVA 472:474 arg1 solutions 476:484 PVA solutions 472:484 PVA solutions 472:484 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 2 29 theme anhydroglucose 351:364 arg1 unit 366:369 one anhydroglucose unit 347:369 one anhydroglucose unit 347:369 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 4 30 theme tricarboxy 878:887 arg1 addition 866:873 the addition 862:873 the addition of tricarboxy 862:887 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 5 31 theme cellulose 1044:1052 arg1 amount 1023:1028 an optimum amount 1012:1028 an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose 1012:1052 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 5 31 theme cellulose 1044:1052 arg1 cellulose 1044:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 4 32 theme tricarboxy 818:827 arg1 cellulose 829:837 the tricarboxy cellulose 814:837 the tricarboxy cellulose 814:837 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 4 33 theme PVA 850:852 arg1 matrix 854:859 the PVA matrix 846:859 the PVA matrix 846:859 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 0 34 theme hydrogels 49:57 arg1 fabrication 20:30 the fabrication 16:30 the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels 16:57 Green route for the fabrication of self-healable hydrogels based on tricarboxy cellulose and poly(vinyl alcohol). 30452987 3 35 theme interaction 672:682 arg1 degree 662:667 the degree 658:667 the degree of interaction between the two components 658:709 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 3 36 theme spectral 568:575 arg1 methods 577:583 The spectral methods 564:583 The spectral methods 564:583 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 3 36 theme spectral 568:575 arg1 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 FTIR 586:589 The spectral methods, FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR, as well as rheology measurements were used to assess the degree of interaction between the two components. 30452987 6 37 theme viscoelastic 1124:1135 arg1 behavior 1137:1144 the viscoelastic behavior 1120:1144 the viscoelastic behavior 1120:1144 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 4 38 theme resulted 742:749 arg1 hydrogels 751:759 the resulted hydrogels 738:759 the resulted hydrogels 738:759 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 2 39 theme oxidation 389:397 arg1 procedure 399:407 a one shot oxidation procedure 378:407 a one shot oxidation procedure 378:407 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 4 40 theme morphology 716:725 arg1 studies 727:733 The morphology studies 712:733 The morphology studies 712:733 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 6 41 theme engineering 1216:1226 arg1 applications 1228:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 2 42 theme tricarboxy 286:295 arg1 cellulose 297:305 the tricarboxy cellulose 282:305 the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure 282:407 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 2 42 theme tricarboxy 286:295 arg1 OxC 308:310 OxC 308:310 OxC 308:310 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 2 43 theme different 489:497 arg1 ratios 499:504 different ratios 489:504 different ratios 489:504 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 1 44 theme new 116:118 arg1 approach 120:127 A new approach 114:127 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method 114:242 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 30452987 6 45 from candidates 1195:1204 arg1 applications 1228:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 tissue engineering applications 1209:1239 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 2 46 theme aqueous 431:437 arg1 solutions 439:447 the aqueous solutions 427:447 the aqueous solutions of OxC 427:454 We synthesized firstly the tricarboxy cellulose (OxC) (bearing three carboxyl groups in one anhydroglucose unit) using a one shot oxidation procedure and subsequently, the aqueous solutions of OxC were mixed with PVA solutions in different ratios, in the absence of any supplementary cross-linking agent. 30452987 5 47 theme optimum 1015:1021 arg1 amount 1023:1028 an optimum amount 1012:1028 an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose 1012:1052 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 5 47 theme optimum 1015:1021 arg1 cellulose 1044:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 tricarboxy cellulose 1033:1052 The rheological investigation reveals the synergistic network when an optimum amount of tricarboxy cellulose was introduced. 30452987 6 48 theme self-healing 1087:1098 arg1 behavior 1100:1107 the self-healing behavior 1083:1107 the self-healing behavior 1083:1107 In addition, the self-healing behavior reveals by the viscoelastic behavior, strongly recommend these hydrogels as potential candidates in tissue engineering applications. 30452987 4 49 theme size 939:942 arg1 increase 918:925 an increase 915:925 an increase of the pore size 915:942 The morphology studies of the resulted hydrogels, performed by SEM shows an excellent distribution of the tricarboxy cellulose inside the PVA matrix, the addition of tricarboxy cellulose contributing to an increase of the pore size. 30452987 1 50 theme cellulose 181:189 arg1 hydrogels 207:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 cellulose based composite hydrogels 181:215 A new approach for the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) - cellulose based composite hydrogels by freezing/thawing method was conceived. 29420149 5 0 dep 25.5 ± 10.1 1059:1069 arg1 to 1056:1057 to 1056:1057 to 1056:1057 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 1 theme muscle 1871:1876 arg1 depletion 1887:1895 muscle glycogen depletion 1871:1895 muscle glycogen depletion 1871:1895 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 5 2 theme mmol/kg 1215:1221 arg1 wt 1227:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 2 theme mmol/kg 1215:1221 arg1 group 1196:1200 the glycogen-recovered group 1173:1200 the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) 1173:1229 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 3 theme water 1915:1919 arg1 distribution 1921:1932 body segmental water distribution 1900:1932 body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions 1900:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 3 4 theme male 559:562 arg1 subjects 564:571 Twelve male subjects 552:571 Twelve male subjects 552:571 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 10 5 from effect 1861:1866 arg1 distribution 1921:1932 body segmental water distribution 1900:1932 body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions 1900:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 5 6 dep group 1037:1041 arg1 wt 1083:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 6 dep group 1037:1041 arg1 group 1106:1110 glycogen-recovered group 1087:1110 glycogen-recovered group 1087:1110 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 6 dep group 1037:1041 arg1 wt 1152:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 3 7 theme glycogen-depletion 714:731 arg1 exercise 741:748 a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 712:748 a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 712:748 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 0 8 theme Muscle 0:5 arg1 depletion 16:24 Muscle glycogen depletion 0:24 Muscle glycogen depletion 0:24 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 11 9 theme water 2105:2109 arg1 content 2111:2117 the corresponding water content 2087:2117 the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2087:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 3 10 theme g/kg 586:589 arg1 mass 596:599 7.0 g/kg body mass 582:599 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 582:748 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 3 11 dep indigestible 604:615 arg1 group 636:640 glycogen-depleted group 618:640 glycogen-depleted group 618:640 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 1 12 from effect 255:260 arg1 distribution 305:316 body water distribution 294:316 body water distribution 294:316 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 5 13 theme wet 1079:1081 arg1 wt 1083:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 14 from h 1302:1302 arg1 wt 1227:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 14 from h 1302:1302 arg1 group 1196:1200 the glycogen-recovered group 1173:1200 the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) 1173:1229 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 11 15 theme extracellular 2126:2138 arg1 compartments 2158:2169 the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2122:2169 the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2122:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 5 16 dep decreased 981:989 arg1 group 1037:1041 glycogen-depleted group 1019:1041 glycogen-depleted group 1019:1041 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 3 17 theme indigestible 604:615 arg1 carbohydrate 684:695 indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate 604:695 indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate 604:695 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 1 18 theme muscle 265:270 arg1 depletion 281:289 muscle glycogen depletion 265:289 muscle glycogen depletion 265:289 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 9 19 theme body 1684:1687 arg1 composition 1689:1699 body composition 1684:1699 body composition using BIS in athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery 1684:1784 This information is valuable in assessing body composition using BIS in athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery. 29420149 5 20 theme mmol/kg 1283:1289 arg1 group 1264:1268 the glycogen-depleted group 1242:1268 the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 1242:1297 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 20 theme mmol/kg 1283:1289 arg1 wt 1295:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 21 theme NEW 1787:1789 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 2 22 theme bioimpedance 509:520 arg1 spectroscopy 522:533 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy 499:533 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS) 499:549 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 3 23 theme glycogen-depleted 618:634 arg1 group 636:640 glycogen-depleted group 618:640 glycogen-depleted group 618:640 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 1 24 theme glycogen 166:173 arg1 gram 158:161 each gram 153:161 each gram of glycogen 153:173 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 5 25 theme glycogen-depleted 1246:1262 arg1 group 1264:1268 the glycogen-depleted group 1242:1268 the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 1242:1297 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 25 theme glycogen-depleted 1246:1262 arg1 wt 1295:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 11 26 from leg 2032:2034 arg1 levels 2018:2023 the muscle glycogen levels 1998:2023 the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1998:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 11 26 from leg 2032:2034 arg1 difference 1984:1993 the significant difference 1968:1993 the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1968:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 0 27 theme water 83:87 arg1 distribution 89:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution 41:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy 41:141 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 5 28 theme wet 1148:1150 arg1 wt 1152:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 29 from distribution 1921:1932 arg1 conditions 1948:1957 controlled conditions 1937:1957 controlled conditions 1937:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 11 30 theme significant 1972:1982 arg1 difference 1984:1993 the significant difference 1968:1993 the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1968:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 2 31 dep extracellular 346:358 arg1 distribution 398:409 distribution 398:409 distribution 398:409 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 6 32 theme glycogen-depleted 1349:1365 arg1 group 1367:1371 the glycogen-depleted group 1345:1371 the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) 1345:1383 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 6 32 theme glycogen-depleted 1349:1365 arg1 < 1377:1377 P < 0.05 1375:1382 P < 0.05 1375:1382 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 11 33 theme muscle 2002:2007 arg1 levels 2018:2023 the muscle glycogen levels 1998:2023 the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1998:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 9 34 theme variable 1732:1739 arg1 status 1750:1755 variable glycogen status 1732:1755 variable glycogen status 1732:1755 This information is valuable in assessing body composition using BIS in athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery. 29420149 0 35 theme bioimpedance 117:128 arg1 spectroscopy 130:141 bioimpedance spectroscopy 117:141 bioimpedance spectroscopy 117:141 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 11 36 theme intracellular 2144:2156 arg1 compartments 2158:2169 the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2122:2169 the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2122:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 4 37 theme glycogen 758:765 arg1 content 767:773 Muscle glycogen content 751:773 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS 751:919 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 6 38 theme group 1419:1423 arg1 postexercise 1430:1441 the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise 1396:1441 the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise 1396:1441 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 39 theme Muscle 936:941 arg1 content 952:958 Muscle glycogen content 936:958 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles 936:979 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 40 theme bioimpedance 1814:1825 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 2 41 theme body 419:422 arg1 segment 424:430 each body segment 414:430 each body segment 414:430 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 1 42 theme glycogen 272:279 arg1 depletion 281:289 muscle glycogen depletion 265:289 muscle glycogen depletion 265:289 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 2 43 theme glycogen-recovery 465:481 arg1 condition 483:491 glycogen-recovery condition 465:491 glycogen-recovery condition 465:491 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 3 44 theme glycogen-recovered 658:675 arg1 group 677:681 glycogen-recovered group 658:681 glycogen-recovered group 658:681 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 5 45 theme postexercise 1304:1315 arg1 h 1302:1302 24 h postexercise 1299:1315 24 h postexercise 1299:1315 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 7 46 theme ICW 1489:1491 arg1 content 1493:1499 ICW content 1489:1499 ICW content 1489:1499 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 5 47 theme glycogen-depleted 1019:1035 arg1 group 1037:1041 glycogen-depleted group 1019:1041 glycogen-depleted group 1019:1041 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 3 48 theme digestible 646:655 arg1 carbohydrate 684:695 indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate 604:695 indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate 604:695 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 10 49 theme body 1900:1903 arg1 distribution 1921:1932 body segmental water distribution 1900:1932 body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions 1900:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 0 50 theme segmental 41:49 arg1 distribution 89:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution 41:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy 41:141 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 1 51 theme water 299:303 arg1 distribution 305:316 body water distribution 294:316 body water distribution 294:316 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 4 52 theme hydration 824:832 arg1 status 834:839 blood hydration status 818:839 blood hydration status 818:839 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 8 53 theme body 1596:1599 arg1 distribution 1607:1618 body water distribution 1596:1618 body water distribution 1596:1618 Our results suggested that glycogen depletion per se does not alter body water distribution as estimated via BIS. 29420149 2 54 theme intracellular 364:376 arg1 water 378:382 intracellular water 364:382 intracellular water (ECW and ICW) 364:396 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 11 55 from difference 1984:1993 arg1 levels 2018:2023 the muscle glycogen levels 1998:2023 the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1998:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 11 55 from difference 1984:1993 arg1 leg 2032:2034 the leg 2028:2034 the leg 2028:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 10 56 theme glycogen 1878:1885 arg1 depletion 1887:1895 muscle glycogen depletion 1871:1895 muscle glycogen depletion 1871:1895 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 5 57 from muscles 973:979 arg1 content 952:958 Muscle glycogen content 936:958 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles 936:979 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 11 58 theme corresponding 2091:2103 arg1 content 2111:2117 the corresponding water content 2087:2117 the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2087:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 10 59 theme NOTEWORTHY 1793:1802 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 6 60 theme h 1428:1428 arg1 postexercise 1430:1441 the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise 1396:1441 the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise 1396:1441 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 61 theme wet 1223:1225 arg1 wt 1227:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 61 theme wet 1223:1225 arg1 group 1196:1200 the glycogen-recovered group 1173:1200 the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) 1173:1229 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 status 834:839 blood hydration status 818:839 blood hydration status 818:839 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 ECW 864:866 ECW 864:866 ECW 864:866 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 trunk 896:900 trunk 896:900 trunk 896:900 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 content 876:882 ICW content 872:882 ICW content 872:882 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 spectroscopy 804:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 composition 847:857 body composition 842:857 body composition 842:857 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 4 62 theme arm 891:893 arg1 leg 907:909 leg 907:909 leg 907:909 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 2 63 from changes 335:341 arg1 segment 424:430 each body segment 414:430 each body segment 414:430 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 2 63 from changes 335:341 arg1 extracellular 346:358 extracellular 346:358 extracellular 346:358 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 2 63 from changes 335:341 arg1 water 378:382 intracellular water 364:382 intracellular water (ECW and ICW) 364:396 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 10 64 theme segmental 1905:1913 arg1 distribution 1921:1932 body segmental water distribution 1900:1932 body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions 1900:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 3 65 theme cycling 733:739 arg1 exercise 741:748 a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 712:748 a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 712:748 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 11 66 located observed 2055:2062 arg1 content 2111:2117 the corresponding water content 2087:2117 the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2087:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 11 66 located observed 2055:2062 arg1 resistance 2072:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 11 66 located observed 2055:2062 arg2 difference 2040:2049 no difference 2037:2049 no difference 2037:2049 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 4 67 theme ICW 872:874 arg1 content 876:882 ICW content 872:882 ICW content 872:882 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 10 68 theme controlled 1937:1946 arg1 conditions 1948:1957 controlled conditions 1937:1957 controlled conditions 1937:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 11 69 theme glycogen 2009:2016 arg1 levels 2018:2023 the muscle glycogen levels 1998:2023 the muscle glycogen levels at the leg 1998:2034 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 6 70 theme Fat-free 1318:1325 arg1 mass 1327:1330 Fat-free mass 1318:1330 Fat-free mass 1318:1330 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 7 71 located observed 1469:1476 arg1 ECW 1481:1483 ECW 1481:1483 ECW 1481:1483 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 7 71 located observed 1469:1476 arg1 content 1493:1499 ICW content 1489:1499 ICW content 1489:1499 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 7 71 located observed 1469:1476 arg1 leg 1508:1510 the leg 1504:1510 the leg in both groups 1504:1525 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 7 71 located observed 1469:1476 arg2 changes 1456:1462 no changes 1453:1462 no changes 1453:1462 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 1 72 theme water 210:214 arg1 g 205:205 2.7-4.0 g 197:205 2.7-4.0 g of water 197:214 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 5 73 theme glycogen-recovered 1087:1104 arg1 group 1106:1110 glycogen-recovered group 1087:1110 glycogen-recovered group 1087:1110 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 3 74 theme body 591:594 arg1 mass 596:599 7.0 g/kg body mass 582:599 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 582:748 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 11 75 theme body 2067:2070 arg1 resistance 2072:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 10 76 theme & 1791:1791 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 4 77 theme resonance 794:802 arg1 spectroscopy 804:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 5 78 theme wet 1291:1293 arg1 group 1264:1268 the glycogen-depleted group 1242:1268 the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 1242:1297 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 78 theme wet 1291:1293 arg1 wt 1295:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt 1271:1296 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 0 79 theme intracellular 69:81 arg1 distribution 89:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution 41:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy 41:141 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 5 80 theme mmol/kg 1071:1077 arg1 wt 1083:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt 1044:1084 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 2 81 theme segmental 499:507 arg1 spectroscopy 522:533 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy 499:533 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS) 499:549 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 6 82 theme P 1375:1375 arg1 group 1367:1371 the glycogen-depleted group 1345:1371 the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) 1345:1383 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 6 82 theme P 1375:1375 arg1 < 1377:1377 P < 0.05 1375:1382 P < 0.05 1375:1382 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 83 theme mmol/kg 1140:1146 arg1 wt 1152:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt 1113:1153 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 2 84 dep water 378:382 arg1 ECW 385:387 ECW 385:387 ECW 385:387 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 2 84 dep water 378:382 arg1 ICW 393:395 ICW 393:395 ICW 393:395 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 4 85 theme 13C-magnetic 781:792 arg1 spectroscopy 804:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy 781:815 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 5 86 theme thigh 967:971 arg1 muscles 973:979 the thigh muscles 963:979 the thigh muscles 963:979 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 2 87 theme spectroscopy 522:533 arg1 technique 535:543 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique 499:543 segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS) 499:549 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 2 87 theme spectroscopy 522:533 arg1 BIS 546:548 BIS 546:548 BIS 546:548 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 0 88 theme glycogen 7:14 arg1 depletion 16:24 Muscle glycogen depletion 0:24 Muscle glycogen depletion 0:24 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 11 89 theme compartments 2158:2169 arg1 content 2111:2117 the corresponding water content 2087:2117 the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments 2087:2169 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 11 89 theme compartments 2158:2169 arg1 resistance 2072:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 body resistance 2067:2081 Despite the significant difference in the muscle glycogen levels at the leg, no difference was observed in body resistance and the corresponding water content of the extracellular and intracellular compartments. 29420149 4 90 theme Muscle 751:756 arg1 content 767:773 Muscle glycogen content 751:773 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS 751:919 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 6 91 theme glycogen-recovered 1400:1417 arg1 group 1419:1423 the glycogen-recovered group 1396:1423 the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise 1396:1441 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 92 theme glycogen-recovered 1177:1194 arg1 wt 1227:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt 1203:1228 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 92 theme glycogen-recovered 1177:1194 arg1 group 1196:1200 the glycogen-recovered group 1173:1200 the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) 1173:1229 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 7 93 from leg 1508:1510 arg1 groups 1520:1525 both groups 1515:1525 both groups 1515:1525 However, no changes were observed in ECW and ICW content at the leg in both groups. 29420149 5 94 theme glycogen 943:950 arg1 content 952:958 Muscle glycogen content 936:958 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles 936:979 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 5 95 dep 28.1 ± 16.8 1128:1138 arg1 to 1125:1126 to 1125:1126 to 1125:1126 Muscle glycogen content at the thigh muscles decreased immediately after exercise (glycogen-depleted group, 71.6 ± 12.1 to 25.5 ± 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt; glycogen-recovered group, 76.2 ± 16.4 to 28.1 ± 16.8 mmol/kg wet wt) and recovered in the glycogen-recovered group (72.7 ± 21.2 mmol/kg wet wt) but not in the glycogen-depleted group (33.2 ± 12.6 mmol/kg wet wt) 24 h postexercise. 29420149 10 96 theme spectroscopy 1827:1838 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 1 97 theme depletion 281:289 arg1 effect 255:260 the effect 251:260 the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution 251:316 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 10 98 theme Segmental 1804:1812 arg1 analysis 1840:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis 1787:1847 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 4 99 theme body 842:845 arg1 composition 847:857 body composition 842:857 body composition 842:857 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 9 100 theme glycogen 1741:1748 arg1 status 1750:1755 variable glycogen status 1732:1755 variable glycogen status 1732:1755 This information is valuable in assessing body composition using BIS in athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery. 29420149 0 101 theme extracellular 51:63 arg1 distribution 89:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution 41:100 segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy 41:141 Muscle glycogen depletion does not alter segmental extracellular and intracellular water distribution measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. 29420149 1 102 theme body 294:297 arg1 distribution 305:316 body water distribution 294:316 body water distribution 294:316 Although each gram of glycogen is well known to bind 2.7-4.0 g of water, no studies have been conducted on the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body water distribution. 29420149 2 103 theme muscle 435:440 arg1 glycogen-depletion 442:459 muscle glycogen-depletion 435:459 muscle glycogen-depletion 435:459 We investigated changes in extracellular and intracellular water (ECW and ICW) distribution in each body segment in muscle glycogen-depletion and glycogen-recovery condition using segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy technique (BIS). 29420149 3 104 theme carbohydrate 684:695 arg1 mass 596:599 7.0 g/kg body mass 582:599 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise 582:748 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 8 105 theme water 1601:1605 arg1 distribution 1607:1618 body water distribution 1596:1618 body water distribution 1596:1618 Our results suggested that glycogen depletion per se does not alter body water distribution as estimated via BIS. 29420149 8 106 theme glycogen 1555:1562 arg1 depletion 1564:1572 glycogen depletion 1555:1572 glycogen depletion 1555:1572 Our results suggested that glycogen depletion per se does not alter body water distribution as estimated via BIS. 29420149 4 107 theme blood 818:822 arg1 status 834:839 blood hydration status 818:839 blood hydration status 818:839 Muscle glycogen content using 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood hydration status, body composition, and ECW and ICW content of the arm, trunk, and leg using BIS were measured. 29420149 3 108 dep digestible 646:655 arg1 group 677:681 glycogen-recovered group 658:681 glycogen-recovered group 658:681 Twelve male subjects consumed 7.0 g/kg body mass of indigestible (glycogen-depleted group) or digestible (glycogen-recovered group) carbohydrate for 24 h after a glycogen-depletion cycling exercise. 29420149 9 109 from BIS 1707:1709 arg1 athletes 1714:1721 athletes 1714:1721 athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery 1714:1784 This information is valuable in assessing body composition using BIS in athletes who show variable glycogen status during training and recovery. 29420149 10 110 theme depletion 1887:1895 arg1 effect 1861:1866 the effect 1857:1866 the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions 1857:1957 NEW & NOTEWORTHY Segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis reveals the effect of muscle glycogen depletion on body segmental water distribution in controlled conditions. 29420149 6 111 theme 24 1425:1426 arg1 h 1428:1428 h 1428:1428 h 1428:1428 Fat-free mass decreased in the glycogen-depleted group ( P < 0.05) but not in the glycogen-recovered group 24 h postexercise. 29609862 0 0 theme affinity 93:100 arg1 chromatography 102:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography 71:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme 71:127 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 1 1 theme base 191:194 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 1 2 theme precursors 294:303 arg1 polymerization 264:277 polymerization 264:277 polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures 264:327 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 0 3 theme metal-ion 83:91 arg1 chromatography 102:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography 71:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme 71:127 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 3 4 theme % 755:755 arg1 yield 770:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 2 5 theme model 421:425 arg1 protein 427:433 model protein 421:433 model protein 421:433 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 3 6 theme purification 757:768 arg1 yield 770:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 4 7 theme SEM 822:824 arg1 analysis 826:833 SEM analysis 822:833 SEM analysis 822:833 The swelling test, FT-IR, and SEM analysis were carried out for the characterization of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs. 29609862 1 8 theme subzero 308:314 arg1 temperatures 316:327 subzero temperatures 308:327 subzero temperatures 308:327 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 2 9 theme affinity 339:346 arg1 cryogel 348:354 Prepared affinity cryogel 330:354 Prepared affinity cryogel 330:354 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 5 10 theme adsorption 983:992 arg1 capacity 994:1001 the adsorption capacity 979:1001 the adsorption capacity 979:1001 At the end of 35 adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no significant change in the adsorption capacity. 29609862 2 11 theme Prepared 330:337 arg1 cryogel 348:354 Prepared affinity cryogel 330:354 Prepared affinity cryogel 330:354 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 1 12 theme embedded 206:213 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 0 13 theme lysozyme 120:127 arg1 chromatography 102:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography 71:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme 71:127 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 2 14 dep 244.6 mg/g 506:515 arg1 15.3 mg/g 518:526 15.3 mg/g 518:526 15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs 518:552 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 1 15 theme composite 215:223 arg1 cryogels 225:232 composite cryogels 215:232 composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 215:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 1 15 theme composite 215:223 arg1 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 0 16 theme chitosan 16:23 arg1 base 32:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 2 17 theme adsorption 566:575 arg1 equilibrium 577:587 fast adsorption equilibrium 561:587 fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility 561:624 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 3 18 theme Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 646:660 arg1 performance 631:641 The performance 627:641 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme 627:673 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 5 19 theme cycles 936:941 arg1 end 904:906 the end 900:906 the end of 35 adsorption-desorption cycles 900:941 At the end of 35 adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no significant change in the adsorption capacity. 29609862 0 20 theme O-carboxymethyl 0:14 arg1 base 32:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 2 21 theme adsorption 373:382 arg1 performance 384:394 excellent adsorption performance 363:394 excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme 363:407 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 2 22 theme adsorption 443:452 arg1 parameters 454:463 test adsorption parameters 438:463 test adsorption parameters 438:463 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 2 23 theme excellent 363:371 arg1 performance 384:394 excellent adsorption performance 363:394 excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme 363:407 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 0 24 theme Schiff 25:30 arg1 base 32:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base 0:35 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 1 25 from temperatures 316:327 arg1 polymerization 264:277 polymerization 264:277 polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures 264:327 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 5 26 theme significant 957:967 arg1 change 969:974 no significant change 954:974 no significant change 954:974 At the end of 35 adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no significant change in the adsorption capacity. 29609862 3 27 with efficiency 726:735 arg1 yield 770:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 89.5% purification yield 751:774 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 2 28 theme test 438:441 arg1 parameters 454:463 test adsorption parameters 438:463 test adsorption parameters 438:463 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 2 29 theme adsorption 483:492 arg1 capacity 494:501 an adsorption capacity 480:501 an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs) 480:553 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 2 30 theme good 607:610 arg1 reversibility 612:624 good reversibility 607:624 good reversibility 607:624 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 3 31 theme purification 713:724 arg1 efficiency 726:735 a purification efficiency 711:735 a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield 711:774 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 1 32 dep embedded 206:213 arg1 cryogels 225:232 composite cryogels 215:232 composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 215:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 1 32 dep embedded 206:213 arg1 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 235:249 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 0 33 theme affinity 50:57 arg1 ligands 59:65 affinity ligands 50:65 affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme 50:127 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 4 34 theme Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 880:894 arg1 characterization 860:875 the characterization 856:875 the characterization of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs 856:894 The swelling test, FT-IR, and SEM analysis were carried out for the characterization of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs. 29609862 2 35 dep showed 356:361 arg1 selected 409:416 selected 409:416 selected 409:416 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 3 36 theme 89.5 751:754 arg1 % 755:755 % 755:755 % 755:755 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 1 37 theme Ni2+-attached 145:157 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 1 38 theme O-Carboxymethyl 159:173 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 4 39 theme swelling 796:803 arg1 test 805:808 The swelling test 792:808 The swelling test 792:808 The swelling test, FT-IR, and SEM analysis were carried out for the characterization of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs. 29609862 0 40 theme immobilized 71:81 arg1 chromatography 102:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography 71:115 immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme 71:127 O-carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes as affinity ligands for immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography of lysozyme. 29609862 3 41 theme % 744:744 arg1 efficiency 726:735 a purification efficiency 711:735 a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield 711:774 The performance of Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs for lysozyme was also evaluated by SDS-PAGE, and a purification efficiency of 86.9% with 89.5% purification yield was determined. 29609862 1 42 theme chitosan 175:182 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 5 43 theme adsorption-desorption 914:934 arg1 cycles 936:941 35 adsorption-desorption cycles 911:941 35 adsorption-desorption cycles 911:941 At the end of 35 adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no significant change in the adsorption capacity. 29609862 2 44 theme fast 561:564 arg1 equilibrium 577:587 fast adsorption equilibrium 561:587 fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility 561:624 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 2 45 theme 244.6 mg/g 506:515 arg1 capacity 494:501 an adsorption capacity 480:501 an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs) 480:553 Prepared affinity cryogel showed excellent adsorption performance for lysozyme selected as model protein to test adsorption parameters, demonstrating an adsorption capacity of 244.6 mg/g (15.3 mg/g for Ni2+ minus O-CMCS-CCs), with fast adsorption equilibrium within 30 min and good reversibility. 29609862 1 46 theme Schiff 184:189 arg1 complexes 196:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes 145:204 Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) 145:250 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 29609862 1 47 theme gel-forming 282:292 arg1 precursors 294:303 gel-forming precursors 282:303 gel-forming precursors 282:303 We synthesized Ni2+-attached O-Carboxymethyl chitosan Schiff base complexes embedded composite cryogels (Ni2+-O-CMCS-CCs) by means of polymerization of gel-forming precursors at subzero temperatures. 31923982 2 0 theme polycaprolactone 514:529 arg1 component 545:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 5 1 from matrix 862:867 arg1 states 888:893 their amorphous states 872:893 their amorphous states 872:893 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 1 2 theme hydrophilic 163:173 arg1 membrane 218:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 1 3 theme EHD 275:277 arg1 printing 280:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 0 4 theme electrohydrodynamic 73:91 arg1 printing 93:100 electrohydrodynamic printing 73:100 electrohydrodynamic printing 73:100 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 2 5 theme different 365:373 arg1 sections 387:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 5 theme different 365:373 arg1 acetate-ibuprofen 407:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen 397:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) 397:432 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 5 theme different 365:373 arg1 acetate-paracetamol 448:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol 438:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para) 438:476 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 8 6 theme good 1237:1240 arg1 biocompatibility 1242:1257 good biocompatibility 1237:1257 good biocompatibility 1237:1257 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 1 7 with multi-drug 147:156 arg1 membrane 218:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 6 8 used used 1032:1035 arg2 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic for patients 1040:1061 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 6 8 used used 1032:1035 arg2 combination 985:995 The combination 981:995 The combination of IBU and Para 981:1011 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 4 9 theme unfolding 768:776 arg1 properties 778:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties 749:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane 749:813 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 4 10 theme layers 677:682 arg1 number 663:668 the number 659:668 the number of PCL layers 659:682 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 7 11 theme PCL 1141:1143 arg1 matrix 1145:1150 the PCL matrix 1137:1150 the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications 1137:1196 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material can be incorporated into the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications. 31923982 2 12 theme drug-loaded 375:385 arg1 sections 387:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 12 theme drug-loaded 375:385 arg1 acetate-ibuprofen 407:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen 397:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) 397:432 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 12 theme drug-loaded 375:385 arg1 acetate-paracetamol 448:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol 438:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para) 438:476 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 5 13 theme polymeric 852:860 arg1 matrix 862:867 the CA polymeric matrix 845:867 the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states 845:893 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 2 14 theme folding 537:543 arg1 component 545:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 7 15 theme wide 1156:1159 arg1 targeting 1161:1169 wide targeting 1156:1169 wide targeting 1156:1169 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material can be incorporated into the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications. 31923982 1 16 theme hydrophobic 179:189 arg1 membrane 218:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 6 17 theme IBU 1000:1002 arg1 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic for patients 1040:1061 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 6 17 theme IBU 1000:1002 arg1 combination 985:995 The combination 981:995 The combination of IBU and Para 981:1011 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 2 18 dep sections 387:394 arg1 CA-IBU 426:431 CA-IBU 426:431 CA-IBU 426:431 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 18 dep sections 387:394 arg1 sections 387:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 18 dep sections 387:394 arg1 acetate-ibuprofen 407:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen 397:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) 397:432 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 18 dep sections 387:394 arg1 CA-Para 469:475 CA-Para 469:475 CA-Para 469:475 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 18 dep sections 387:394 arg1 acetate-paracetamol 448:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol 438:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para) 438:476 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 1 19 theme molecules-loaded 191:206 arg1 membrane 218:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 2 20 theme intermediate 501:512 arg1 PCL 532:534 PCL 532:534 PCL 532:534 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 20 theme intermediate 501:512 arg1 polycaprolactone 514:529 an intermediate polycaprolactone 498:529 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 21 theme composite 330:338 arg1 membrane 340:347 The composite membrane 326:347 The composite membrane 326:347 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 1 22 theme composite 208:216 arg1 membrane 218:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 163:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 5 23 theme first 937:941 arg1 kinetics 957:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 2 24 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 CA-IBU 426:431 CA-IBU 426:431 CA-IBU 426:431 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 24 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 sections 387:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 24 theme cellulose 397:405 arg1 acetate-ibuprofen 407:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen 397:423 cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) 397:432 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 0 25 theme composite 24:32 arg1 films 39:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 8 26 theme drug 1320:1323 arg1 therapy 1337:1343 drug combination therapy 1320:1343 drug combination therapy 1320:1343 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 1 27 theme simple 107:112 arg1 method 114:119 The simple method 103:119 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 103:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 7 28 theme functional 1092:1101 arg1 material 1103:1110 a functional material 1090:1110 a functional material 1090:1110 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material can be incorporated into the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications. 31923982 8 29 theme enabling 1276:1283 arg1 application 1295:1305 enabling extensive application 1276:1305 enabling extensive application 1276:1305 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 0 30 theme flexible 15:22 arg1 films 39:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 7 31 theme Magnetic 1064:1071 arg1 nanoparticles 1073:1085 Magnetic nanoparticles 1064:1085 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material 1064:1110 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material can be incorporated into the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications. 31923982 5 32 theme release 949:955 arg1 kinetics 957:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 2 33 theme cellulose 438:446 arg1 sections 387:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 two different drug-loaded sections 361:394 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 33 theme cellulose 438:446 arg1 CA-Para 469:475 CA-Para 469:475 CA-Para 469:475 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 2 33 theme cellulose 438:446 arg1 acetate-paracetamol 448:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol 438:466 cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para) 438:476 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 0 34 theme films 39:43 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 0:101 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 8 35 theme personalized 1349:1360 arg1 medicine 1362:1369 personalized medicine 1349:1369 personalized medicine 1349:1369 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 1 36 theme dimensional 237:247 arg1 printing 280:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 0 37 theme drug 34:37 arg1 films 39:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 flexible composite drug films 15:43 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 8 38 theme composite 1203:1211 arg1 membrane 1213:1220 The composite membrane 1199:1220 The composite membrane 1199:1220 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 6 39 theme Para 1008:1011 arg1 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic 1040:1048 analgesic for patients 1040:1061 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 6 39 theme Para 1008:1011 arg1 combination 985:995 The combination 981:995 The combination of IBU and Para 981:1011 The combination of IBU and Para can potentially be used as analgesic for patients. 31923982 5 40 theme CA 849:850 arg1 matrix 862:867 the CA polymeric matrix 845:867 the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states 845:893 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 0 41 theme foldable 49:56 arg1 linkages 58:65 foldable linkages 49:65 foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing 49:100 Fabrication of flexible composite drug films via foldable linkages using electrohydrodynamic printing. 31923982 8 42 contain possesses 1227:1235 arg1 membrane 1213:1220 The composite membrane 1199:1220 The composite membrane 1199:1220 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 8 42 contain possesses 1227:1235 arg2 flexibility 1263:1273 flexibility 1263:1273 flexibility 1263:1273 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 8 42 contain possesses 1227:1235 arg2 biocompatibility 1242:1257 good biocompatibility 1237:1257 good biocompatibility 1237:1257 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 5 43 theme order 943:947 arg1 kinetics 957:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 first order release kinetics 937:964 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 3 44 theme commercial 608:617 arg1 capsules 619:626 commercial capsules 608:626 commercial capsules 608:626 The composite membranes can be folded and housed in commercial capsules to aid swallowing. 31923982 4 45 theme composite 796:804 arg1 membrane 806:813 the composite membrane 792:813 the composite membrane 792:813 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 4 46 theme intermediate 691:702 arg1 layers 704:709 the intermediate layers 687:709 the intermediate layers 687:709 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 8 47 theme combination 1325:1335 arg1 therapy 1337:1343 drug combination therapy 1320:1343 drug combination therapy 1320:1343 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 4 48 theme mechanical 753:762 arg1 properties 778:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties 749:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane 749:813 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 1 49 theme 3D 250:251 arg1 printing 280:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 3 50 theme composite 560:568 arg1 membranes 570:578 The composite membranes 556:578 The composite membranes 556:578 The composite membranes can be folded and housed in commercial capsules to aid swallowing. 31923982 1 51 theme flexible 138:145 arg1 multi-drug 147:156 a flexible multi-drug 136:156 a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane 136:225 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 2 52 with sections 387:394 arg1 component 545:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component 498:553 The composite membrane consists of two different drug-loaded sections: cellulose acetate-ibuprofen (CA-IBU) and cellulose acetate-paracetamol (CA-Para), respectively, with an intermediate polycaprolactone (PCL) folding component. 31923982 8 53 theme extensive 1285:1293 arg1 application 1295:1305 enabling extensive application 1276:1305 enabling extensive application 1276:1305 The composite membrane here possesses good biocompatibility and flexibility; enabling extensive application prospects in drug combination therapy and personalized medicine. 31923982 5 54 theme amorphous 878:886 arg1 states 888:893 their amorphous states 872:893 their amorphous states 872:893 IBU and Para are loaded into the CA polymeric matrix in their amorphous states, with the matrices exhibiting Higuchi and first order release kinetics, respectively. 31923982 4 55 theme PCL 673:675 arg1 layers 677:682 PCL layers 673:682 PCL layers 673:682 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 1 56 theme electrohydrodynamic 254:272 arg1 printing 280:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 231:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 31923982 7 57 theme traceable 1175:1183 arg1 applications 1185:1196 traceable applications 1175:1196 traceable applications 1175:1196 Magnetic nanoparticles as a functional material can be incorporated into the PCL matrix for wide targeting and traceable applications. 31923982 4 58 theme membrane 806:813 arg1 properties 778:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties 749:787 the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane 749:813 By changing the number of PCL layers in the intermediate layers, it is possible to control and modify the mechanical and unfolding properties of the composite membrane. 31923982 1 59 dep method 114:119 arg1 manufacture 124:134 manufacture 124:134 to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing 121:287 The simple method to manufacture a flexible multi-drug with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules-loaded composite membrane via three dimensional (3D) electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing has been demonstrated in this study. 30445078 0 0 theme dyes 80:83 arg1 removal 48:54 removal 48:54 removal of cationic and anionic dyes 48:83 Alginate/PAMAM dendrimer - Halloysite beads for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 4 1 theme Alg/Hal_PAMAM 460:472 arg1 beads 474:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 4 1 theme Alg/Hal_PAMAM 460:472 arg1 nanotubes 437:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes 411:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 411:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 8 2 theme mass 930:933 arg1 transport 935:943 mass transport 930:943 mass transport 930:943 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 13 3 theme Alg/Hal_PAMAM 1357:1369 arg1 beads 1371:1375 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 1357:1375 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 1357:1375 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 13 3 theme Alg/Hal_PAMAM 1357:1369 arg1 material 1410:1417 promising material 1400:1417 promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes 1400:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 9 4 theme Freundlich 950:959 arg1 suitable 980:987 suitable 980:987 suitable 980:987 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 9 4 theme Freundlich 950:959 arg1 model 970:974 The Freundlich isotherm model 946:974 The Freundlich isotherm model 946:974 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 0 5 theme anionic 72:78 arg1 dyes 80:83 cationic and anionic dyes 59:83 cationic and anionic dyes 59:83 Alginate/PAMAM dendrimer - Halloysite beads for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 8 6 theme transport 935:943 arg1 steps 921:925 adsorptive steps 910:925 adsorptive steps of mass transport 910:943 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 9 7 theme isotherm 961:968 arg1 suitable 980:987 suitable 980:987 suitable 980:987 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 9 7 theme isotherm 961:968 arg1 model 970:974 The Freundlich isotherm model 946:974 The Freundlich isotherm model 946:974 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 10 8 theme spontaneous 1138:1148 arg1 nature 1166:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature 1134:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process 1134:1197 The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. 30445078 3 9 theme alginate 302:309 arg1 beads 311:315 the composite alginate beads 288:315 the composite alginate beads 288:315 In this study, the composite alginate beads were prepared and characterized. 30445078 13 10 theme dyes 1468:1471 arg1 removal 1436:1442 simultaneous removal 1423:1442 simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes 1423:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 2 11 theme cationic 245:252 arg1 ones 254:257 cationic ones 245:257 cationic ones 245:257 However, most of the systems described in literature refer to one type of dyes and the adsorbents of cationic ones are dominant. 30445078 10 12 theme adsorption 1180:1189 arg1 process 1191:1197 the adsorption process 1176:1197 the adsorption process 1176:1197 The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. 30445078 12 13 theme satisfactory 1295:1306 arg1 efficiency 1316:1325 satisfactory removal efficiency 1295:1325 satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles 1295:1343 Additionally, the beads could be reused with satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles. 30445078 8 14 theme diffusion 866:874 arg1 model 876:880 The intraparticle diffusion model 848:880 The intraparticle diffusion model 848:880 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 7 15 theme kinetic 780:786 arg1 data 788:791 The kinetic data 776:791 The kinetic data 776:791 The kinetic data were best correlated to the pseudo-second-order model. 30445078 12 16 theme removal 1308:1314 arg1 efficiency 1316:1325 satisfactory removal efficiency 1295:1325 satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles 1295:1343 Additionally, the beads could be reused with satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles. 30445078 4 17 theme nanotubes 437:445 arg1 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 377:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 3 18 theme composite 292:300 arg1 beads 311:315 the composite alginate beads 288:315 the composite alginate beads 288:315 In this study, the composite alginate beads were prepared and characterized. 30445078 4 19 from alginate 450:457 arg1 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 377:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 6 20 theme adsorption 707:716 arg1 capacities 718:727 The adsorption capacities 703:727 The adsorption capacities 703:727 The adsorption capacities were improved compared to pure alginate beads. 30445078 5 21 theme sunset 581:586 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 21 theme sunset 581:586 arg1 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 21 theme sunset 581:586 arg1 FCF 595:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF 573:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) 573:602 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 1 22 used used 122:125 arg2 beads 99:103 The alginate beads 86:103 The alginate beads 86:103 The alginate beads have been widely used for dye removal. 30445078 5 23 dep beads 515:519 arg1 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 23 dep beads 515:519 arg1 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 23 dep beads 515:519 arg1 green 558:562 cationic methyl green 542:562 cationic methyl green (MG) 542:567 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 23 dep beads 515:519 arg1 FCF 595:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF 573:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) 573:602 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 23 dep beads 515:519 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 13 24 theme cationic 1447:1454 arg1 dyes 1468:1471 cationic and anionic dyes 1447:1471 cationic and anionic dyes 1447:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 12 25 theme several 1330:1336 arg1 cycles 1338:1343 several cycles 1330:1343 several cycles 1330:1343 Additionally, the beads could be reused with satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles. 30445078 4 26 from nanotubes 437:445 arg1 alginate 450:457 alginate 450:457 alginate 450:457 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 5 27 theme cationic 542:549 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 27 theme cationic 542:549 arg1 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 27 theme cationic 542:549 arg1 green 558:562 cationic methyl green 542:562 cationic methyl green (MG) 542:567 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 12 28 from efficiency 1316:1325 arg1 cycles 1338:1343 several cycles 1330:1343 several cycles 1330:1343 Additionally, the beads could be reused with satisfactory removal efficiency in several cycles. 30445078 10 29 theme process 1191:1197 arg1 nature 1166:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature 1134:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process 1134:1197 The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. 30445078 5 30 theme methyl 551:556 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 30 theme methyl 551:556 arg1 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 MG 565:566 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 30 theme methyl 551:556 arg1 green 558:562 cationic methyl green 542:562 cationic methyl green (MG) 542:567 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 1 31 theme alginate 90:97 arg1 beads 99:103 The alginate beads 86:103 The alginate beads 86:103 The alginate beads have been widely used for dye removal. 30445078 9 32 theme adsorption 1008:1017 arg1 process 1019:1025 the adsorption process 1004:1025 the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites 1004:1092 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 13 33 theme promising 1400:1408 arg1 beads 1371:1375 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 1357:1375 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 1357:1375 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 13 33 theme promising 1400:1408 arg1 material 1410:1417 promising material 1400:1417 promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes 1400:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 2 34 theme ones 254:257 arg1 dominant 263:270 dominant 263:270 dominant 263:270 However, most of the systems described in literature refer to one type of dyes and the adsorbents of cationic ones are dominant. 30445078 2 34 theme ones 254:257 arg1 adsorbents 231:240 the adsorbents 227:240 the adsorbents of cationic ones 227:257 However, most of the systems described in literature refer to one type of dyes and the adsorbents of cationic ones are dominant. 30445078 4 35 theme polyamidoamine 394:407 arg1 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation 377:389 encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 377:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 10 36 theme endothermic 1154:1164 arg1 nature 1166:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature 1134:1171 the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process 1134:1197 The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. 30445078 4 37 theme halloysite 426:435 arg1 beads 474:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 4 37 theme halloysite 426:435 arg1 nanotubes 437:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes 411:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 411:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 8 38 theme intraparticle 852:864 arg1 model 876:880 The intraparticle diffusion model 848:880 The intraparticle diffusion model 848:880 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 13 39 theme simultaneous 1423:1434 arg1 removal 1436:1442 simultaneous removal 1423:1442 simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes 1423:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 5 40 theme adsorbent 646:654 arg1 dose 656:659 adsorbent dose 646:659 adsorbent dose 646:659 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 4 41 theme functionalized 411:424 arg1 beads 474:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads 460:478 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 4 41 theme functionalized 411:424 arg1 nanotubes 437:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes 411:445 functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads) 411:479 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 5 42 theme beads 515:519 arg1 properties 497:506 The adsorptive properties 482:506 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 482:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 4 43 from encapsulation 377:389 arg1 alginate 450:457 alginate 450:457 alginate 450:457 The system was obtained by encapsulation of polyamidoamine - functionalized halloysite nanotubes in alginate (Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads). 30445078 5 44 theme anionic 573:579 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 44 theme anionic 573:579 arg1 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 44 theme anionic 573:579 arg1 FCF 595:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF 573:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) 573:602 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 45 theme yellow 588:593 arg1 beads 515:519 the beads 511:519 the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 511:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 45 theme yellow 588:593 arg1 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 SY 600:601 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 5 45 theme yellow 588:593 arg1 FCF 595:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF 573:597 anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) 573:602 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 8 46 theme adsorptive 910:919 arg1 steps 921:925 adsorptive steps 910:925 adsorptive steps of mass transport 910:943 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 6 47 theme alginate 760:767 arg1 beads 769:773 pure alginate beads 755:773 pure alginate beads 755:773 The adsorption capacities were improved compared to pure alginate beads. 30445078 13 48 theme anionic 1460:1466 arg1 dyes 1468:1471 cationic and anionic dyes 1447:1471 cationic and anionic dyes 1447:1471 Therefore, Alg/Hal_PAMAM beads could be considered as promising material for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 5 49 theme dye 668:670 arg1 concentration 672:684 dye concentration 668:684 dye concentration 668:684 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 9 50 theme composite 1036:1044 arg1 beads 1046:1050 the composite beads 1032:1050 the composite beads 1032:1050 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 5 51 theme model 529:533 arg1 dyes 535:538 model dyes 529:538 model dyes 529:538 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 6 52 theme pure 755:758 arg1 beads 769:773 pure alginate beads 755:773 pure alginate beads 755:773 The adsorption capacities were improved compared to pure alginate beads. 30445078 2 53 theme dyes 218:221 arg1 type 210:213 one type 206:213 one type of dyes 206:221 However, most of the systems described in literature refer to one type of dyes and the adsorbents of cationic ones are dominant. 30445078 9 54 dep process 1019:1025 arg1 characterized 1057:1069 characterized 1057:1069 were characterized by heterogeneous sites 1052:1092 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 8 55 dep two 889:891 arg1 steps 921:925 adsorptive steps 910:925 adsorptive steps of mass transport 910:943 The intraparticle diffusion model showed two (MG) or one (SY) adsorptive steps of mass transport. 30445078 10 56 theme thermodynamic 1099:1111 arg1 parameters 1113:1122 The thermodynamic parameters 1095:1122 The thermodynamic parameters 1095:1122 The thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. 30445078 0 57 dep dendrimer 15:23 arg1 removal 48:54 removal 48:54 removal of cationic and anionic dyes 48:83 Alginate/PAMAM dendrimer - Halloysite beads for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 0 57 dep dendrimer 15:23 arg1 beads 38:42 beads 38:42 beads 38:42 Alginate/PAMAM dendrimer - Halloysite beads for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 5 58 theme adsorptive 486:495 arg1 properties 497:506 The adsorptive properties 482:506 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - 482:604 The adsorptive properties of the beads towards model dyes - cationic methyl green (MG) and anionic sunset yellow FCF (SY) - were investigated with reference to pH, adsorbent dose, time, dye concentration and temperature. 30445078 7 59 theme pseudo-second-order 821:839 arg1 model 841:845 the pseudo-second-order model 817:845 the pseudo-second-order model 817:845 The kinetic data were best correlated to the pseudo-second-order model. 30445078 0 60 theme cationic 59:66 arg1 dyes 80:83 cationic and anionic dyes 59:83 cationic and anionic dyes 59:83 Alginate/PAMAM dendrimer - Halloysite beads for removal of cationic and anionic dyes. 30445078 9 61 theme heterogeneous 1074:1086 arg1 sites 1088:1092 heterogeneous sites 1074:1092 heterogeneous sites 1074:1092 The Freundlich isotherm model was suitable for describing the adsorption process thus the composite beads were characterized by heterogeneous sites. 30445078 1 62 theme dye 131:133 arg1 removal 135:141 dye removal 131:141 dye removal 131:141 The alginate beads have been widely used for dye removal. 29600660 3 0 theme left 628:631 arg1 side 633:636 left side 628:636 left side 628:636 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 6 1 theme repaired 964:971 arg1 area 973:976 repaired area 964:976 repaired area 964:976 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 10 2 with groups 1700:1705 arg1 use 1712:1714 use 1712:1714 use of gum-bletilla 1712:1730 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 0 3 theme cartilage 84:92 arg1 defects 94:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 6 4 dep weeks 877:881 arg1 operation 889:897 operation 889:897 operation 889:897 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 3 5 theme B 446:446 arg1 group 454:458 B model group 446:458 B model group 446:458 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 5 6 theme F-127 837:841 arg1 material 816:823 artificial complex material 797:823 artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 797:841 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 8 7 theme Hyaline 1271:1277 arg1 repairing 1289:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing 1271:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing 1271:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing was achieved in both Group A and Group B, with satisfactory results. 29600660 9 8 theme Pluronic 1523:1530 arg1 F-127 1532:1536 Pluronic F-127 1523:1536 Pluronic F-127 1523:1536 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 9 9 theme composite 1547:1555 arg1 scaffolds 1557:1565 the composite scaffolds 1543:1565 the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell 1543:1623 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 7 10 theme tissue 1263:1268 arg1 histomorphology 1235:1249 the histomorphology 1231:1249 the histomorphology of repaired tissue 1231:1268 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 9 11 theme articular 1431:1439 arg1 defects 1451:1457 articular cartilage defects 1431:1457 articular cartilage defects 1431:1457 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 6 12 theme typeⅡcollagen 1000:1012 arg1 method 1034:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 4 13 theme Autogenous 657:666 arg1 contrast 668:675 Autogenous contrast 657:675 Autogenous contrast 657:675 Autogenous contrast was used in both model types. 29600660 3 14 theme blank 642:646 arg1 control 648:654 blank control 642:654 blank control 642:654 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 9 15 theme cartilage 1441:1449 arg1 defects 1451:1457 articular cartilage defects 1431:1457 articular cartilage defects 1431:1457 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 3 16 theme subchondral 475:485 arg1 method 496:501 subchondral drilling method 475:501 subchondral drilling method 475:501 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 5 17 theme complex 808:814 arg1 material 816:823 artificial complex material 797:823 artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 797:841 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 7 18 theme histological 1186:1197 arg1 scoring 1199:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring 1176:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue 1176:1268 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 4 19 theme model 694:698 arg1 types 700:704 both model types 689:704 both model types 689:704 Autogenous contrast was used in both model types. 29600660 1 20 theme articular 138:146 arg1 models 165:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 10 21 theme composite 1781:1789 arg1 material 1801:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 5 22 theme artificial 797:806 arg1 material 816:823 artificial complex material 797:823 artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 797:841 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 2 23 theme left 417:420 arg1 side 422:425 left side 417:425 left side 417:425 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 2 24 theme Pluronic 397:404 arg1 F-127 406:410 Pluronic F-127 397:410 Pluronic F-127 397:410 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 8 25 theme satisfactory 1346:1357 arg1 results 1359:1365 satisfactory results 1346:1365 satisfactory results 1346:1365 Hyaline cartilage repairing was achieved in both Group A and Group B, with satisfactory results. 29600660 1 26 theme cartilage 148:156 arg1 models 165:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 0 27 theme drilling 13:20 arg1 method 22:27 [Subchondral drilling method 0:27 [Subchondral drilling method 0:27 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 9 28 from differences 1394:1404 arg1 effects 1419:1425 repairing effects 1409:1425 repairing effects for articular cartilage defects 1409:1457 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 2 29 theme subchondral 282:292 arg1 bone 294:297 subchondral bone 282:297 subchondral bone 282:297 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 1 30 theme defect 158:163 arg1 models 165:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 articular cartilage defect models 138:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 0 31 theme [Subchondral 0:11 arg1 method 22:27 [Subchondral drilling method 0:27 [Subchondral drilling method 0:27 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 6 32 theme optical 1103:1109 arg1 microscope 1111:1120 optical microscope 1103:1120 optical microscope 1103:1120 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 2 33 theme composite 334:342 arg1 scaffolds 344:352 composite scaffolds 334:352 composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127 334:410 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 6 34 with staining 982:989 arg1 method 1034:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 6 34 with staining 982:989 arg1 blue 1049:1052 blue 1049:1052 blue 1049:1052 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 6 34 with staining 982:989 arg1 toluidine 1059:1067 toluidine blue 1059:1072 toluidine blue 1059:1072 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 6 34 with staining 982:989 arg1 HE 996:997 HE 996:997 HE 996:997 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 9 35 theme Pluronic 1592:1599 arg1 F-127 1601:1605 Pluronic F-127 1592:1605 Pluronic F-127 1592:1605 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 3 36 theme drilling 487:494 arg1 method 496:501 subchondral drilling method 475:501 subchondral drilling method 475:501 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 7 37 theme Wakitanis 1176:1184 arg1 scoring 1199:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring 1176:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue 1176:1268 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 10 38 theme repairing 1633:1641 arg1 effects 1643:1649 Better repairing effects 1626:1649 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects 1626:1681 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 10 39 theme vital 1767:1771 arg1 gum-bletilla 1749:1760 gum-bletilla 1749:1760 gum-bletilla 1749:1760 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 10 39 theme vital 1767:1771 arg1 part 1773:1776 a vital part 1765:1776 a vital part in composite scaffolds material 1765:1808 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 5 40 theme joint 851:855 arg1 sides 857:861 both joint sides 846:861 both joint sides 846:861 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 10 41 theme articular 1655:1663 arg1 defects 1675:1681 articular cartilage defects 1655:1681 articular cartilage defects 1655:1681 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 3 42 theme model 448:452 arg1 group 454:458 B model group 446:458 B model group 446:458 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 0 43 theme gum-bletilla 43:54 arg1 complex 56:62 gum-bletilla complex 43:62 gum-bletilla complex 43:62 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 9 44 theme composite 1467:1475 arg1 scaffolds 1477:1485 composite scaffolds 1467:1485 composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell 1467:1623 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 10 45 theme cartilage 1665:1673 arg1 defects 1675:1681 articular cartilage defects 1655:1681 articular cartilage defects 1655:1681 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 8 46 theme Group 1332:1336 arg1 B 1338:1338 Group B 1332:1338 Group B 1332:1338 Hyaline cartilage repairing was achieved in both Group A and Group B, with satisfactory results. 29600660 9 47 theme seed 1495:1498 arg1 cell 1500:1503 seed cell 1495:1503 seed cell 1495:1503 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 1 48 theme models 165:170 arg1 model 116:120 A model 114:120 A model 114:120 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 48 theme models 165:170 arg1 model 128:132 B model 126:132 B model 126:132 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 48 theme models 165:170 arg1 types 108:112 Two types 104:112 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models 104:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 5 49 theme B 751:751 arg1 rabbits 764:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 5 50 theme type 759:762 arg1 rabbits 764:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 9 51 theme seed 1615:1618 arg1 cell 1620:1623 seed cell 1615:1623 seed cell 1615:1623 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 2 52 theme seed 362:365 arg1 cell 367:370 seed cell 362:370 seed cell 362:370 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 0 53 theme repair 67:72 arg1 defects 94:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 3 54 theme right 510:514 arg1 joint 516:520 joint 516:520 joint 516:520 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 10 55 located observed 1688:1695 arg2 effects 1643:1649 Better repairing effects 1626:1649 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects 1626:1681 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 10 55 located observed 1688:1695 arg1 groups 1700:1705 groups 1700:1705 groups with use of gum-bletilla 1700:1730 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 2 56 theme right 306:310 arg1 joint 312:316 joint 312:316 joint 312:316 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 10 57 theme Better 1626:1631 arg1 effects 1643:1649 Better repairing effects 1626:1649 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects 1626:1681 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 7 58 theme standard 1207:1214 arg1 scoring 1199:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring 1176:1205 Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue 1176:1268 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 10 59 theme scaffolds 1791:1799 arg1 material 1801:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 3 60 theme seed 612:615 arg1 cells 617:621 seed cells 612:621 seed cells 612:621 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 8 61 theme Group 1320:1324 arg1 A 1326:1326 Group A 1320:1326 Group A 1320:1326 Hyaline cartilage repairing was achieved in both Group A and Group B, with satisfactory results. 29600660 7 62 theme Semi-quantitative 1123:1139 arg1 scores 1141:1146 Semi-quantitative scores 1123:1146 Semi-quantitative scores 1123:1146 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 10 63 from part 1773:1776 arg1 material 1801:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 composite scaffolds material 1781:1808 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 3 64 theme composite 544:552 arg1 scaffolds 554:562 composite scaffolds 544:562 composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 544:602 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 2 65 theme model 230:234 arg1 group 236:240 A model group 228:240 A model group 228:240 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 9 66 theme repairing 1409:1417 arg1 effects 1419:1425 repairing effects 1409:1425 repairing effects for articular cartilage defects 1409:1457 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 9 67 theme significant 1382:1392 arg1 differences 1394:1404 no significant differences 1379:1404 no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell 1379:1623 There were no significant differences on repairing effects for articular cartilage defects between composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127, and the composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cell. 29600660 6 68 theme immunohistochemical 1014:1032 arg1 method 1034:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method 1000:1039 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 1 69 theme adult 195:199 arg1 rabbits 219:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 3 70 theme Pluronic 589:596 arg1 F-127 598:602 Pluronic F-127 589:602 Pluronic F-127 589:602 B model group was applied by subchondral drilling method, whose right joint was repaired by using composite scaffolds made by gum-bletilla and Pluronic F-127 without seed cells, and left side was blank control. 29600660 7 71 theme repaired 1254:1261 arg1 tissue 1263:1268 repaired tissue 1254:1268 repaired tissue 1254:1268 Semi-quantitative scores were graded by referring to Wakitanis histological scoring standard to investigate the histomorphology of repaired tissue. 29600660 5 72 theme Pluronic 828:835 arg1 F-127 837:841 Pluronic F-127 828:841 Pluronic F-127 828:841 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 4 73 used used 681:684 arg2 contrast 668:675 Autogenous contrast 657:675 Autogenous contrast 657:675 Autogenous contrast was used in both model types. 29600660 1 74 theme New 201:203 arg1 rabbits 219:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 0 75 theme articular 74:82 arg1 defects 94:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 repair articular cartilage defects 67:100 [Subchondral drilling method combined with gum-bletilla complex to repair articular cartilage defects]. 29600660 5 76 theme model 753:757 arg1 rabbits 764:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 B model type rabbits 751:770 In addition, another group was applied with B model type rabbits, which was repaired with artificial complex material of Pluronic F-127 in both joint sides. 29600660 6 77 theme blue 1069:1072 arg1 toluidine 1059:1067 toluidine blue 1059:1072 toluidine blue 1059:1072 4, 12 and 24 weeks after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the samples were collected from repaired area for staining with HE, typeⅡcollagen immunohistochemical method, Alcian blue, and toluidine blue, and then were observed with optical microscope. 29600660 1 78 theme B 126:126 arg1 model 128:132 B model 126:132 B model 126:132 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 78 theme B 126:126 arg1 types 108:112 Two types 104:112 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models 104:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 8 79 theme cartilage 1279:1287 arg1 repairing 1289:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing 1271:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing 1271:1297 Hyaline cartilage repairing was achieved in both Group A and Group B, with satisfactory results. 29600660 1 80 theme Zealand 205:211 arg1 rabbits 219:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 2 81 theme blank 431:435 arg1 control 437:443 blank control 431:443 blank control 431:443 A model group was applied by drilling without through subchondral bone, whose right joint was repaired by composite scaffolds made by seed cell, gum-bletilla as well as Pluronic F-127, and left side was blank control. 29600660 10 82 theme gum-bletilla 1719:1730 arg1 use 1712:1714 use 1712:1714 use of gum-bletilla 1712:1730 Better repairing effects for articular cartilage defects were observed in groups with use of gum-bletilla, indicating that gum-bletilla is a vital part in composite scaffolds material. 29600660 1 83 dep types 108:112 arg1 model 116:120 A model 114:120 A model 114:120 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 83 dep types 108:112 arg1 model 128:132 B model 126:132 B model 126:132 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 83 dep types 108:112 arg1 types 108:112 Two types 104:112 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models 104:170 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29600660 1 84 theme white 213:217 arg1 rabbits 219:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 adult New Zealand white rabbits 195:225 Two types(A model and B model) of articular cartilage defect models were prepared by using adult New Zealand white rabbits. 29796665 8 0 theme branches 1590:1597 arg1 composition 1560:1570 the composition 1556:1570 the composition of their α-fucose branches 1556:1597 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 3 1 theme FCSs 440:443 arg1 type 445:448 FCSs type II 440:451 FCSs type II 440:451 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 1 2 theme cucumbers 236:244 arg1 wall 224:227 the body wall 215:227 the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 215:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 7 3 theme FCS 1389:1391 arg1 type 1393:1396 FCS type II 1389:1399 FCS type II 1389:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 3 4 from lentiginosa 566:576 arg1 type 542:545 the novel FCS type II 528:548 the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance 528:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 6 5 theme repetitive 1207:1216 arg1 structure 1162:1170 the structure 1158:1170 the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa 1158:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 5 theme repetitive 1207:1216 arg1 sequence 1234:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence 1205:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1205:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 7 6 theme present 1378:1384 arg1 units 1372:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units 1347:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II 1347:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 3 7 theme α-fucose 662:669 arg1 branches 671:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches 639:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core 639:715 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 3 8 theme heterogeneous 458:470 arg1 branches 509:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 4 9 theme CS 798:799 arg1 disaccharides 801:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 7 10 theme α-fucose 1363:1370 arg1 units 1372:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units 1347:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II 1347:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 9 11 theme extant 1702:1707 arg1 holothurians 1709:1720 the extant holothurians 1698:1720 the extant holothurians 1698:1720 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 3 12 theme CS 709:710 arg1 core 712:715 its CS core 705:715 its CS core 705:715 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 3 13 theme α-fucose 500:507 arg1 branches 509:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 1 14 theme conspicuous 189:199 arg1 sulfates 143:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates 119:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) 119:157 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 14 theme conspicuous 189:199 arg1 fucans 172:177 sulfated fucans 163:177 sulfated fucans (SFs) 163:183 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 14 theme conspicuous 189:199 arg1 components 201:210 conspicuous components 189:210 conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 189:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 6 15 from H. 1187:1188 arg1 sequence 1234:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence 1205:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1205:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 15 from H. 1187:1188 arg1 structure 1162:1170 the structure 1158:1170 the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa 1158:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 15 from H. 1187:1188 arg1 SF 1179:1180 the SF 1175:1180 the SF from H. lentiginosa 1175:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 5 16 theme units 1035:1039 arg1 analyses 1006:1013 Conformational analyses 991:1013 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units 991:1039 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 3 17 theme novel 532:536 arg1 type 542:545 the novel FCS type II 528:548 the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance 528:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 4 18 from β-galactosamine-4,6diS 832:853 arg1 rich 824:827 rich 824:827 rich 824:827 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 1 19 theme chondroitin 131:141 arg1 sulfates 143:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates 119:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) 119:157 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 19 theme chondroitin 131:141 arg1 fucans 172:177 sulfated fucans 163:177 sulfated fucans (SFs) 163:183 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 19 theme chondroitin 131:141 arg1 components 201:210 conspicuous components 189:210 conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 189:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 19 theme chondroitin 131:141 arg1 FCSs 153:156 FCSs 153:156 FCSs 153:156 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 3 20 contain has 635:637 arg1 type 542:545 the novel FCS type II 528:548 the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance 528:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 3 20 contain has 635:637 arg2 branches 671:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches 639:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core 639:715 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 7 21 from present 1378:1384 arg1 type 1393:1396 FCS type II 1389:1399 FCS type II 1389:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 1 22 theme sulfated 163:170 arg1 SFs 180:182 SFs 180:182 SFs 180:182 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 22 theme sulfated 163:170 arg1 sulfates 143:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates 119:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) 119:157 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 22 theme sulfated 163:170 arg1 fucans 172:177 sulfated fucans 163:177 sulfated fucans (SFs) 163:183 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 22 theme sulfated 163:170 arg1 components 201:210 conspicuous components 189:210 conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 189:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 0 23 theme distributed 88:98 arg1 branches 109:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 2 24 theme mono- 354:358 arg1 branches 342:349 branches 342:349 branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively) 342:437 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 5 25 theme rigid 1059:1063 arg1 structure 1065:1073 a fairly rigid structure 1050:1073 a fairly rigid structure 1050:1073 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 5 26 theme α-fucose 1120:1127 arg1 branches 1129:1136 their α-fucose branches 1114:1136 their α-fucose branches 1114:1136 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 4 27 theme acid 985:988 arg1 position 953:960 position 3- 953:963 the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 949:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 8 28 theme autapomorphic 1491:1503 arg1 character 1515:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character 1488:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea 1488:1550 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 8 28 theme autapomorphic 1491:1503 arg1 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 0 29 theme fucosylated 9:19 arg1 sulfate 33:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate 0:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 0:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 4 30 theme sequential 757:766 arg1 units 768:772 three distinct sequential units 742:772 three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 742:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 9 31 contain containing 1646:1655 arg1 common 1684:1689 common 1684:1689 common 1684:1689 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 9 31 contain containing 1646:1655 arg2 α-Fucp-2,4diS 1657:1669 α-Fucp-2,4diS 1657:1669 α-Fucp-2,4diS 1657:1669 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 9 31 contain containing 1646:1655 arg1 Branches 1637:1644 Branches 1637:1644 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS 1637:1669 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 0 32 theme sulfate 33:39 arg1 type 41:44 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II 0:47 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 0:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 5 33 theme sulfate 1095:1101 arg1 content 1103:1109 the high sulfate content 1086:1109 the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches 1086:1136 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 3 34 contain have 453:456 arg2 branches 509:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 3 34 contain have 453:456 arg1 type 445:448 FCSs type II 440:451 FCSs type II 440:451 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 2 35 theme sulfate 314:320 arg1 core 294:297 a central core 284:297 a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively) 284:437 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 8 36 theme Holothuroidea 1538:1550 arg1 character 1515:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character 1488:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea 1488:1550 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 8 36 theme Holothuroidea 1538:1550 arg1 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 3 37 theme magnetic 616:623 arg1 resonance 625:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 3 38 theme solution 599:606 arg1 resonance 625:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 1 39 theme wall 224:227 arg1 sulfates 143:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates 119:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) 119:157 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 39 theme wall 224:227 arg1 fucans 172:177 sulfated fucans 163:177 sulfated fucans (SFs) 163:183 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 39 theme wall 224:227 arg1 components 201:210 conspicuous components 189:210 conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 189:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 6 40 dep H. 1187:1188 arg1 lentiginosa 1190:1200 H. lentiginosa 1187:1200 H. lentiginosa 1187:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 7 41 theme anticoagulant 1430:1442 arg1 potencies 1444:1452 their anticoagulant potencies 1424:1452 their anticoagulant potencies 1424:1452 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 3 42 theme homogeneous 650:660 arg1 branches 671:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches 639:678 strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core 639:715 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 1 43 theme sea 232:234 arg1 cucumbers 236:244 sea cucumbers 232:244 sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 232:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 43 theme sea 232:234 arg1 Holothuroidea 247:259 Holothuroidea 247:259 Holothuroidea 247:259 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 8 44 theme α-fucose 1581:1588 arg1 branches 1590:1597 their α-fucose branches 1575:1597 their α-fucose branches 1575:1597 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 6 45 theme tetrasaccharide 1218:1232 arg1 structure 1162:1170 the structure 1158:1170 the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa 1158:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 45 theme tetrasaccharide 1218:1232 arg1 sequence 1234:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence 1205:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1205:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 4 46 theme FCSs 818:821 arg1 disaccharides 801:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 2 47 theme central 286:292 arg1 core 294:297 a central core 284:297 a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively) 284:437 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 4 48 theme typical 790:796 arg1 disaccharides 801:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 6 49 theme α-Fucp-2S[1→3 1287:1299 arg1 α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1301:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 3 50 theme distributed 488:498 arg1 branches 509:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches 458:516 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 7 51 theme nonsulfated 1351:1361 arg1 units 1372:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units 1347:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II 1347:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 6 52 theme α-Fucp[1→3 1276:1285 arg1 α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1301:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 5 53 theme repetitive 1024:1033 arg1 units 1035:1039 these repetitive units 1018:1039 these repetitive units 1018:1039 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 6 54 theme SF 1179:1180 arg1 structure 1162:1170 the structure 1158:1170 the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa 1158:1200 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 54 theme SF 1179:1180 arg1 sequence 1234:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence 1205:1241 a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1205:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 6 55 theme α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3 1258:1274 arg1 α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1301:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→ 1255:1312 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 1 56 theme Fucosylated 119:129 arg1 sulfates 143:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates 119:150 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) 119:157 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 56 theme Fucosylated 119:129 arg1 fucans 172:177 sulfated fucans 163:177 sulfated fucans (SFs) 163:183 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 56 theme Fucosylated 119:129 arg1 components 201:210 conspicuous components 189:210 conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 189:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 1 56 theme Fucosylated 119:129 arg1 FCSs 153:156 FCSs 153:156 FCSs 153:156 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 4 57 theme rich 824:827 arg1 disaccharides 801:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 the typical CS disaccharides 786:813 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 7 58 attach present 1378:1384 arg2 units 1372:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units 1347:1376 the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II 1347:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 7 58 attach present 1378:1384 arg1 type 1393:1396 FCS type II 1389:1399 FCS type II 1389:1399 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 5 59 theme Conformational 991:1004 arg1 analyses 1006:1013 Conformational analyses 991:1013 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units 991:1039 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 0 60 theme homogeneous 65:75 arg1 branches 109:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 4 61 from rich 824:827 arg1 β-galactosamine-4,6diS 832:853 β-galactosamine-4,6diS 832:853 β-galactosamine-4,6diS 832:853 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 3 62 theme FCS 538:540 arg1 type 542:545 the novel FCS type II 528:548 the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance 528:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 4 63 theme α-Fucp[1→3 915:924 arg1 branches 871:878 branches 871:878 branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 871:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 2 64 dep types 409:413 arg1 types 409:413 FCS types I and II, respectively 405:436 types 409:413 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 64 dep types 409:413 arg1 II 421:422 II 421:422 II 421:422 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 64 dep types 409:413 arg1 I 415:415 I 415:415 I 415:415 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 6 65 from structure 1162:1170 arg1 H. 1187:1188 H. 1187:1188 H. 1187:1188 We also determined the structure of the SF from H. lentiginosa as a repetitive tetrasaccharide sequence composed of →3]α-Fucp-2,4diS[1→3]α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→3]α-Fucp-2S[1→. 29796665 0 66 theme α-fucose 100:107 arg1 branches 109:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 5 67 theme high 1090:1093 arg1 content 1103:1109 the high sulfate content 1086:1109 the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches 1086:1136 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 7 68 from type 1393:1396 arg1 present 1378:1384 present 1378:1384 present 1378:1384 Furthermore, we determined that the nonsulfated α-fucose units present in FCS type II did not interfere with their anticoagulant potencies and affinities to calcium. 29796665 4 69 theme α-Fucp-2,4diS 883:895 arg1 branches 871:878 branches 871:878 branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 871:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 4 70 theme α-Fucp-3,4diS 898:910 arg1 branches 871:878 branches 871:878 branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 871:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 0 71 theme unique 2:7 arg1 sulfate 33:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate 0:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 0:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 2 72 theme α-fucose 395:402 arg1 types 409:413 FCS types I and II, respectively 405:436 types 409:413 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 72 theme α-fucose 395:402 arg1 disaccharides 378:390 disaccharides 378:390 disaccharides 378:390 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 72 theme α-fucose 395:402 arg1 mono- 354:358 mono- 354:358 mono- 354:358 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 72 theme α-fucose 395:402 arg1 mono- 368:372 mono- 368:372 mono- 368:372 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 8 73 theme molecular 1505:1513 arg1 character 1515:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character 1488:1523 an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea 1488:1550 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 8 73 theme molecular 1505:1513 arg1 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS 1481:1483 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 0 74 theme chondroitin 21:31 arg1 sulfate 33:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate 0:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 0:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 5 75 theme branches 1129:1136 arg1 content 1103:1109 the high sulfate content 1086:1109 the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches 1086:1136 Conformational analyses of these repetitive units revealed a fairly rigid structure despite of the high sulfate content of their α-fucose branches. 29796665 4 76 theme β-glucuronic 972:983 arg1 acid 985:988 the β-glucuronic acid 968:988 the β-glucuronic acid 968:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 2 77 theme mono- 368:372 arg1 branches 342:349 branches 342:349 branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively) 342:437 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 8 78 theme class 1532:1536 arg1 Holothuroidea 1538:1550 the class Holothuroidea 1528:1550 the class Holothuroidea 1528:1550 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 4 79 theme distinct 748:755 arg1 units 768:772 three distinct sequential units 742:772 three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 742:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 9 80 theme FCSs 1749:1752 arg1 % 1740:1740 90% 1738:1740 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far 1738:1775 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 9 80 theme FCSs 1749:1752 arg1 FCSs 1749:1752 the FCSs 1745:1752 the FCSs characterized thus far 1745:1775 Branches containing α-Fucp-2,4diS are the most common within the extant holothurians, being found in 90% of the FCSs characterized thus far. 29796665 0 81 gly fucosylated 9:19 arg1 sulfate 33:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate 0:39 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 0:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 29796665 2 82 theme FCS 405:407 arg1 types 409:413 FCS types I and II, respectively 405:436 types 409:413 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 82 theme FCS 405:407 arg1 II 421:422 II 421:422 II 421:422 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 82 theme FCS 405:407 arg1 I 415:415 I 415:415 I 415:415 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 82 theme FCS 405:407 arg1 mono- 368:372 mono- 368:372 mono- 368:372 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 3 83 theme nuclear 608:614 arg1 resonance 625:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 solution nuclear magnetic resonance 599:633 FCSs type II have heterogeneous and irregularly distributed α-fucose branches; however, the novel FCS type II from Holothuria lentiginosa described herein via solution nuclear magnetic resonance has strikingly homogeneous α-fucose branches neatly distributed along its CS core. 29796665 2 84 theme chondroitin 302:312 arg1 CS 323:324 CS 323:324 CS 323:324 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 2 84 theme chondroitin 302:312 arg1 sulfate 314:320 chondroitin sulfate 302:320 chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively) 302:437 FCSs are composed of a central core of chondroitin sulfate (CS) decorated with branches of mono- or both mono- and disaccharides of α-fucose (FCS types I and II, respectively). 29796665 8 85 theme species-specific 1612:1627 arg1 manner 1629:1634 a species-specific manner 1610:1634 a species-specific manner 1610:1634 FCS is an autapomorphic molecular character of the class Holothuroidea and the composition of their α-fucose branches differs in a species-specific manner. 29796665 4 86 attach linked 939:944 arg1 position 953:960 position 3- 953:963 the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid 949:988 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 4 86 attach linked 939:944 arg2 α-Fucp-2,4diS 883:895 α-Fucp-2,4diS 883:895 α-Fucp-2,4diS 883:895 This FCS is built up of three distinct sequential units composed of the typical CS disaccharides of FCSs, rich in β-galactosamine-4,6diS, decorated with branches of α-Fucp-2,4diS, α-Fucp-3,4diS or α-Fucp[1→3]α-Fucp-4S[1→ linked to the position 3- of the β-glucuronic acid. 29796665 1 87 theme body 219:222 arg1 wall 224:227 the body wall 215:227 the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) 215:260 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) and sulfated fucans (SFs) are conspicuous components of the body wall of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea). 29796665 0 88 with type 41:44 arg1 branches 109:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches 54:116 A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. 32036892 3 0 theme lactose 691:697 arg1 case 683:686 the case 679:686 the case of lactose 679:697 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 1 1 theme concentrated 263:274 arg1 solutions 289:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 5 2 theme galactose 1087:1095 arg1 presence 1075:1082 the presence 1071:1082 the presence of galactose 1071:1095 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 5 3 theme -Fru 1218:1221 arg1 synthesis 1192:1200 the synthesis 1188:1200 the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 1188:1221 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 1 4 theme carbohydrate 276:287 arg1 solutions 289:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 0 5 theme pig 115:117 arg1 intestine 125:133 pig small intestine 115:133 pig small intestine 115:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 0 6 with lactulose 150:158 arg1 galactose 193:201 galactose 193:201 galactose 193:201 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 0 6 with lactulose 150:158 arg1 lactose 182:188 lactose 182:188 lactose 182:188 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 3 7 theme 1 → 3 802:806 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 7 theme 1 → 3 802:806 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 1 8 theme pig 370:372 arg1 intestine 380:388 the pig small intestine 366:388 the pig small intestine 366:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 4 9 theme β-Gal- 995:1000 arg1 -Fru 1008:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 2 10 theme lactose 622:628 arg1 solutions 630:638 lactose solutions 622:638 lactose solutions 622:638 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 5 11 theme glycosidic 1264:1273 arg1 bonds 1275:1279 β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds 1254:1279 β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds 1254:1279 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 3 12 theme corresponding 755:767 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 12 theme corresponding 755:767 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 1 13 theme small 374:378 arg1 intestine 380:388 the pig small intestine 366:388 the pig small intestine 366:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 5 14 theme 1 → 5 1212:1216 arg1 -Fru 1218:1221 β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 1205:1221 β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 1205:1221 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 5 15 theme bonds 1275:1279 arg1 synthesis 1241:1249 the synthesis 1237:1249 the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds 1237:1279 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 0 16 theme small 119:123 arg1 intestine 125:133 pig small intestine 115:133 pig small intestine 115:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 3 17 theme -β-Gal- 808:814 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 17 theme -β-Gal- 808:814 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 1 18 from intestine 380:388 arg1 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 1 18 from intestine 380:388 arg1 vesicles 345:352 brush border membrane vesicles 323:352 brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine 323:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 5 19 theme transglycosylated 1147:1163 arg1 substrate 1165:1173 the transglycosylated substrate 1143:1173 the transglycosylated substrate 1143:1173 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 5 20 theme lactulose/galactose 1050:1068 arg1 mixture 1039:1045 an 80/20 mixture 1030:1045 an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose 1030:1068 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 4 21 theme disaccharide 982:993 arg1 -Fru 1008:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 5 22 theme substrate 1165:1173 arg1 composition 1128:1138 the qualitative composition 1112:1138 the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate 1112:1173 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 3 23 theme 3'-galactosyl 769:781 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 23 theme 3'-galactosyl 769:781 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 4 24 theme 1 → 5 1002:1006 arg1 -Fru 1008:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 978:1011 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 6 25 theme marked 1286:1291 arg1 tendency 1293:1300 The marked tendency 1282:1300 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage 1282:1330 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage indicates that under hydrolytic conditions, β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds would be preferentially digested. 32036892 2 26 theme hydrolytic 435:444 arg1 low 518:520 low 518:520 low 518:520 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 2 26 theme hydrolytic 435:444 arg1 activity 446:453 the hydrolytic activity 431:453 the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide 431:492 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 3 27 theme lactulose 700:708 arg1 transgalactosylation 710:729 lactulose transgalactosylation 700:729 lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV 700:737 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 1 28 theme brush 323:327 arg1 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 1 28 theme brush 323:327 arg1 vesicles 345:352 brush border membrane vesicles 323:352 brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine 323:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 1 29 theme border 329:334 arg1 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 1 29 theme border 329:334 arg1 vesicles 345:352 brush border membrane vesicles 323:352 brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine 323:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 4 30 theme good 893:896 arg1 acceptor 898:905 good acceptor 893:905 good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction 893:943 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 5 31 theme 80/20 1033:1037 arg1 mixture 1039:1045 an 80/20 mixture 1030:1045 an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose 1030:1068 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 1 32 theme Enzymatic 218:226 arg1 transgalactosylation 228:247 Enzymatic transgalactosylation 218:247 Enzymatic transgalactosylation 218:247 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 0 33 theme brush 70:74 arg1 vesicles 92:99 brush border membrane vesicles 70:99 brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine 70:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 1 34 theme membrane 336:343 arg1 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 BBMV 355:358 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 1 34 theme membrane 336:343 arg1 vesicles 345:352 brush border membrane vesicles 323:352 brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine 323:388 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 2 35 theme linkage 568:574 arg1 specificity 576:586 the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3) 564:596 the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3) 564:596 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 2 36 theme enzyme 462:467 arg1 low 518:520 low 518:520 low 518:520 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 2 36 theme enzyme 462:467 arg1 activity 446:453 the hydrolytic activity 431:453 the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide 431:492 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 6 37 theme hydrolytic 1353:1362 arg1 conditions 1364:1373 hydrolytic conditions 1353:1373 hydrolytic conditions 1353:1373 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage indicates that under hydrolytic conditions, β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds would be preferentially digested. 32036892 4 38 theme lactulose 856:864 arg1 hydrolysis 866:875 lactulose hydrolysis 856:875 lactulose hydrolysis 856:875 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 5 39 gly transglycosylated 1147:1163 arg1 substrate 1165:1173 the transglycosylated substrate 1143:1173 the transglycosylated substrate 1143:1173 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 6 40 theme glycosidic 1417:1426 arg1 bonds 1428:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage indicates that under hydrolytic conditions, β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds would be preferentially digested. 32036892 5 41 theme qualitative 1116:1126 arg1 composition 1128:1138 the qualitative composition 1112:1138 the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate 1112:1173 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 1 42 from transgalactosylation 228:247 arg1 solutions 289:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 32036892 0 43 attach isolated 101:108 arg1 intestine 125:133 pig small intestine 115:133 pig small intestine 115:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 0 43 attach isolated 101:108 arg2 vesicles 92:99 brush border membrane vesicles 70:99 brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine 70:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 2 44 located observed 610:617 arg1 solutions 630:638 lactose solutions 622:638 lactose solutions 622:638 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 2 44 located observed 610:617 arg2 specificity 576:586 the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3) 564:596 the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3) 564:596 When lactulose was incubated with BBMV, the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme towards the disaccharide was observed to be very low compared to that towards the lactose, but the linkage specificity β-(1 → 3), previously observed in lactose solutions, was not significantly affected. 32036892 3 45 theme β-Gal- 795:800 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 45 theme β-Gal- 795:800 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 46 theme 1 → 4 816:820 arg1 -β-Fru 822:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru 795:827 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 3 46 theme 1 → 4 816:820 arg1 derivative 783:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative 751:792 the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru) 751:828 As in the case of lactose, lactulose transgalactosylation by BBMV synthesizes the corresponding 3'-galactosyl derivative (β-Gal-(1 → 3)-β-Gal-(1 → 4)-β-Fru). 32036892 0 47 theme membrane 83:90 arg1 vesicles 92:99 brush border membrane vesicles 70:99 brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine 70:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 6 48 theme -Gal- 1389:1393 arg1 bonds 1428:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage indicates that under hydrolytic conditions, β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds would be preferentially digested. 32036892 4 49 theme -Fru 1008:1011 arg1 synthesis 965:973 the synthesis 961:973 the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 961:1011 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 6 50 theme -Fru 1412:1415 arg1 bonds 1428:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds 1376:1432 The marked tendency for synthesizing this linkage indicates that under hydrolytic conditions, β-Gal-(1 → 3)-Gal- and β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru glycosidic bonds would be preferentially digested. 32036892 5 51 theme β-Gal- 1205:1210 arg1 -Fru 1218:1221 β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 1205:1221 β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru 1205:1221 When incubating an 80/20 mixture of lactulose/galactose, the presence of galactose did not affect the qualitative composition of the transglycosylated substrate but enhanced the synthesis of β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru and decreased the synthesis of β-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds. 32036892 0 52 theme border 76:81 arg1 vesicles 92:99 brush border membrane vesicles 70:99 brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine 70:133 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 0 53 dep Hydrolysis 0:9 arg1 study 138:142 A study 136:142 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 0:216 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 4 54 theme transgalactosylation 915:934 arg1 reaction 936:943 the transgalactosylation reaction 911:943 the transgalactosylation reaction 911:943 Fructose released during lactulose hydrolysis was found to be good acceptor for the transgalactosylation reaction, giving rise to the synthesis of the disaccharide β-Gal-(1 → 5)-Fru. 32036892 0 55 with mixtures 168:175 arg1 galactose 193:201 galactose 193:201 galactose 193:201 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 0 55 with mixtures 168:175 arg1 lactose 182:188 lactose 182:188 lactose 182:188 Hydrolysis and transgalactosylation catalysed by β-galactosidase from brush border membrane vesicles isolated from pig small intestine: A study using lactulose and its mixtures with lactose or galactose as substrates. 32036892 1 56 theme different 253:261 arg1 solutions 289:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 different concentrated carbohydrate solutions 253:297 Enzymatic transgalactosylation, in different concentrated carbohydrate solutions, was investigated using brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) from the pig small intestine. 31222914 4 0 theme artery 872:877 arg1 model 895:899 a carotid artery interpositional model 862:899 a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months 862:928 The DLVSs are evaluated in six rabbits via a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months. 31222914 7 1 located detected 1225:1232 arg2 dilation 1213:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation 1195:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation 1195:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation is detected at two months and no calcification is formed in the follow-up term. 31222914 7 1 located detected 1225:1232 arg1 months 1241:1246 two months 1237:1246 two months 1237:1246 Only one aneurysm dilation is detected at two months and no calcification is formed in the follow-up term. 31222914 6 2 theme layer 1101:1105 arg1 composition 1076:1086 The composition 1072:1086 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds 1072:1118 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 1 3 theme three-step 332:341 arg1 process 343:349 a three-step process 330:349 a three-step process 330:349 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 4 4 theme carotid 864:870 arg1 model 895:899 a carotid artery interpositional model 862:899 a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months 862:928 The DLVSs are evaluated in six rabbits via a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months. 31222914 6 5 theme outer 1095:1099 arg1 layer 1101:1105 the outer layer 1091:1105 the outer layer of scaffolds 1091:1118 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 1 6 theme end-group 264:272 arg1 ε-caprolactone 290:303 ε-caprolactone 290:303 ε-caprolactone 290:303 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 6 theme end-group 264:272 arg1 PCL 307:309 PCL 307:309 PCL 307:309 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 6 theme end-group 264:272 arg1 poly 285:288 the end-group heparinizd poly 260:288 the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 260:310 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 3 7 theme grafts 681:686 arg1 activity 704:711 the grafts anticoagulation activity 677:711 the grafts anticoagulation activity 677:711 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 5 8 theme smooth 991:996 arg1 endothelialization 998:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 1 9 theme heparinizd 274:283 arg1 ε-caprolactone 290:303 ε-caprolactone 290:303 ε-caprolactone 290:303 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 9 theme heparinizd 274:283 arg1 PCL 307:309 PCL 307:309 PCL 307:309 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 9 theme heparinizd 274:283 arg1 poly 285:288 the end-group heparinizd poly 260:288 the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 260:310 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 4 10 theme interpositional 879:893 arg1 model 895:899 a carotid artery interpositional model 862:899 a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months 862:928 The DLVSs are evaluated in six rabbits via a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months. 31222914 5 11 theme meanwhile 981:989 arg1 endothelialization 998:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 6 12 from effect 1143:1148 arg1 dilation 1166:1173 the aneurysm dilation 1153:1173 the aneurysm dilation after implantation 1153:1192 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 0 13 theme Rabbit 124:129 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 1 14 theme small 185:189 arg1 mm 207:208 ID <6 mm 201:208 ID <6 mm 201:208 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 14 theme small 185:189 arg1 diameter 191:198 small diameter 185:198 small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 185:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 7 15 theme aneurysm 1204:1211 arg1 dilation 1213:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation 1195:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation 1195:1220 Only one aneurysm dilation is detected at two months and no calcification is formed in the follow-up term. 31222914 1 16 theme hierarchical 445:456 arg1 distribution 465:476 a hierarchical double distribution 443:476 a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 443:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 17 theme double 458:463 arg1 distribution 465:476 a hierarchical double distribution 443:476 a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 443:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 3 18 theme glycocalyx 651:660 arg1 structure 662:670 a glycocalyx structure 649:670 a glycocalyx structure 649:670 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 1 19 theme double-layer 395:406 arg1 DLVSs 428:432 DLVSs 428:432 DLVSs 428:432 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 19 theme double-layer 395:406 arg1 scaffolds 417:425 double-layer vascular scaffolds 395:425 double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 395:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 20 theme ID 201:202 arg1 mm 207:208 ID <6 mm 201:208 ID <6 mm 201:208 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 20 theme ID 201:202 arg1 diameter 191:198 small diameter 185:198 small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 185:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 0 21 theme Tissue-Engineered 30:46 arg1 Electrospun 64:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 0 22 theme Artery 139:144 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 5 23 located observed 1048:1055 arg1 grafts 1064:1069 the grafts 1060:1069 the grafts 1060:1069 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 5 23 located observed 1048:1055 arg2 revascularization 1026:1042 fine revascularization 1021:1042 fine revascularization 1021:1042 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 5 23 located observed 1048:1055 arg2 endothelialization 998:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 meanwhile smooth endothelialization 981:1015 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 0 24 theme Small-Diameter 15:28 arg1 Electrospun 64:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 3 25 theme heparin 736:742 arg1 conjugation 721:731 the conjugation 717:731 the conjugation of heparin 717:742 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 0 26 theme Carotid 131:137 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 1 27 dep grafts 252:257 arg1 electrospun 360:370 electrospun 360:370 then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 355:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 27 dep grafts 252:257 arg1 synthesized 315:325 synthesized 315:325 synthesized by a three-step process 315:349 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 6 28 theme aneurysm 1157:1164 arg1 dilation 1166:1173 the aneurysm dilation 1153:1173 the aneurysm dilation after implantation 1153:1192 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 0 29 theme Grafts 57:62 arg1 Electrospun 64:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 7 30 theme follow-up 1286:1294 arg1 term 1296:1299 the follow-up term 1282:1299 the follow-up term 1282:1299 Only one aneurysm dilation is detected at two months and no calcification is formed in the follow-up term. 31222914 2 31 theme end-group 531:539 arg1 heparinization 541:554 the end-group heparinization 527:554 the end-group heparinization 527:554 Afterward, PCL without the end-group heparinization is electrospun into an outer layer. 31222914 0 32 from PCL 100:102 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 0:163 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 0 32 from PCL 100:102 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 5 33 theme fine 1021:1024 arg1 revascularization 1026:1042 fine revascularization 1021:1042 fine revascularization 1021:1042 All the grafts are patent until explantation, and meanwhile smooth endothelialization and fine revascularization are observed in the grafts. 31222914 0 34 theme Vascular 48:55 arg1 Electrospun 64:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun 15:74 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 0 35 theme Replacement 146:156 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 3 36 theme steady 594:599 arg1 release 601:607 A steady release 592:607 A steady release of grafted heparin 592:626 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 1 37 theme nano- 481:485 arg1 distribution 465:476 a hierarchical double distribution 443:476 a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 443:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 38 theme off-the-shelf 211:223 arg1 grafts 252:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 2 39 theme outer 579:583 arg1 layer 585:589 an outer layer 576:589 an outer layer 576:589 Afterward, PCL without the end-group heparinization is electrospun into an outer layer. 31222914 0 40 theme Electrospun 64:74 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 0:163 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 4 41 theme months 923:928 arg1 period 907:912 a period 905:912 a period of three months 905:928 The DLVSs are evaluated in six rabbits via a carotid artery interpositional model for a period of three months. 31222914 1 42 theme inner 380:384 arg1 layer 386:390 an inner layer 377:390 an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 377:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 43 dep diameter 191:198 arg1 grafts 252:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 44 theme microfibers 491:501 arg1 distribution 465:476 a hierarchical double distribution 443:476 a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 443:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 6 45 theme significant 1131:1141 arg1 effect 1143:1148 a significant effect 1129:1148 a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation 1129:1192 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 1 46 theme vascular 408:415 arg1 DLVSs 428:432 DLVSs 428:432 DLVSs 428:432 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 46 theme vascular 408:415 arg1 scaffolds 417:425 double-layer vascular scaffolds 395:425 double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 395:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 3 47 theme grafted 612:618 arg1 heparin 620:626 grafted heparin 612:626 grafted heparin 612:626 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 1 48 theme tissue-engineered 225:241 arg1 grafts 252:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 1 49 theme scaffolds 417:425 arg1 layer 386:390 an inner layer 377:390 an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers 377:501 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 3 50 theme heparin 620:626 arg1 existence 636:644 the existence 632:644 the existence of a glycocalyx structure 632:670 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 3 50 theme heparin 620:626 arg1 release 601:607 A steady release 592:607 A steady release of grafted heparin 592:626 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 8 51 theme challenging 1337:1347 arg1 topic 1349:1353 a challenging topic 1335:1353 a challenging topic 1335:1353 How to prevent aneurysms remains a challenging topic. 31222914 1 52 theme vascular 243:250 arg1 grafts 252:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts 211:257 Aiming to construct small diameter (ID <6 mm) off-the-shelf tissue-engineered vascular grafts, the end-group heparinizd poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is synthesized by a three-step process and then electrospun into an inner layer of double-layer vascular scaffolds (DLVSs) showing a hierarchical double distribution of nano- and microfibers. 31222914 0 53 theme End-Capped 89:98 arg1 PCL 100:102 Heparin End-Capped PCL 81:102 Heparin End-Capped PCL 81:102 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 0 54 from Evaluation 108:117 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 0:163 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 0 54 from Evaluation 108:117 arg1 Model 158:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model 122:162 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 6 55 theme scaffolds 1110:1118 arg1 layer 1101:1105 the outer layer 1091:1105 the outer layer of scaffolds 1091:1118 The composition of the outer layer of scaffolds exhibits a significant effect on the aneurysm dilation after implantation. 31222914 3 56 theme structure 662:670 arg1 existence 636:644 the existence 632:644 the existence of a glycocalyx structure 632:670 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 3 56 theme structure 662:670 arg1 release 601:607 A steady release 592:607 A steady release of grafted heparin 592:626 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 0 57 theme Heparin 81:87 arg1 PCL 100:102 Heparin End-Capped PCL 81:102 Heparin End-Capped PCL 81:102 Preparation of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Electrospun from Heparin End-Capped PCL and Evaluation in a Rabbit Carotid Artery Replacement Model. 31222914 3 58 theme anticoagulation 688:702 arg1 activity 704:711 the grafts anticoagulation activity 677:711 the grafts anticoagulation activity 677:711 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 31222914 3 59 theme scaffolds 808:816 arg1 degradation 789:799 degradation 789:799 degradation of the scaffolds 789:816 A steady release of grafted heparin and the existence of a glycocalyx structure give the grafts anticoagulation activity and the conjugation of heparin also improves hydrophilicity and accelerates degradation of the scaffolds. 30521907 5 0 theme fermentation 812:823 arg1 culture 825:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 6 1 theme xylanase 965:972 arg1 activity 909:916 the activity 905:916 the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase 905:987 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 3 2 dep genera 398:403 arg1 Parabacteroides 470:484 Parabacteroides 470:484 Parabacteroides 470:484 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 2 dep genera 398:403 arg1 Prevotella_7 456:467 Prevotella_7 456:467 Prevotella_7 456:467 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 2 dep genera 398:403 arg1 Bacteroides 443:453 Bacteroides 443:453 Bacteroides 443:453 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 0 3 theme colonic 77:83 arg1 microbiota 85:94 human colonic microbiota 71:94 human colonic microbiota 71:94 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 7 4 theme free 1013:1016 arg1 arabinose 1018:1026 arabinose 1018:1026 arabinose 1018:1026 Moreover, free arabinose, xylose, xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, xylopentaose and xylohexaose were detected. 30521907 3 5 theme genera 537:542 arg1 growth 509:514 the growth 505:514 the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio) 505:617 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 6 theme potential 377:385 arg1 genera 398:403 potential beneficial genera 377:403 potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) 377:485 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 6 7 theme arabinofuranosidase 944:962 arg1 activity 909:916 the activity 905:916 the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase 905:987 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 3 8 theme beneficial 387:396 arg1 genera 398:403 potential beneficial genera 377:403 potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) 377:485 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 5 9 theme n-butyric 788:796 arg1 acid 798:801 n-butyric acid 788:801 n-butyric acid 788:801 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 0 10 from bamboo 52:57 arg1 fermentation 9:20 In vitro fermentation 0:20 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo 0:57 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 5 11 theme acid 798:801 arg1 concentration 771:783 the concentration 767:783 the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture 767:831 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 6 12 theme xylan 928:932 arg1 esterase 934:941 acetyl xylan esterase 921:941 acetyl xylan esterase 921:941 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 3 13 dep potential 519:527 arg1 harmful 529:535 harmful 529:535 harmful 529:535 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 4 14 theme acetic 703:708 arg1 acids 735:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 14 theme acetic 703:708 arg1 acids 685:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 6 15 theme acetyl 921:926 arg1 esterase 934:941 acetyl xylan esterase 921:941 acetyl xylan esterase 921:941 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 0 16 theme human 71:75 arg1 microbiota 85:94 human colonic microbiota 71:94 human colonic microbiota 71:94 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 6 17 theme esterase 934:941 arg1 activity 909:916 the activity 905:916 the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase 905:987 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 0 18 theme In 0:1 arg1 fermentation 9:20 In vitro fermentation 0:20 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo 0:57 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 5 19 dep increased 837:845 arg1 compared 861:868 compared 861:868 compared to the blank 861:881 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 3 20 dep genera 537:542 arg1 Desulfovibrio 604:616 Desulfovibrio 604:616 Desulfovibrio 604:616 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 20 dep genera 537:542 arg1 Bilophila 590:598 Bilophila 590:598 Bilophila 590:598 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 4 21 theme propionic 711:719 arg1 acids 735:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 21 theme propionic 711:719 arg1 acids 685:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 3 22 theme genera 398:403 arg1 growth 367:372 the growth 363:372 the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) 363:485 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 5 23 theme 48 h 748:751 arg1 fermentation 753:764 48 h fermentation 748:764 48 h fermentation 748:764 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 4 24 theme acids 685:689 arg1 production 653:662 the production 649:662 the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 649:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 25 theme fatty 679:683 arg1 acids 685:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 25 theme fatty 679:683 arg1 acids 735:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 2 26 theme fermentation 190:201 arg1 behavior 203:210 its fermentation behavior 186:210 its fermentation behavior 186:210 This study investigated its fermentation behavior by human colonic microbiota in vitro. 30521907 0 27 theme O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan 25:45 arg1 fermentation 9:20 In vitro fermentation 0:20 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo 0:57 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 5 28 from concentration 771:783 arg1 culture 825:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 3 29 dep Prevotella_7 456:467 arg1 Bifidobacterium 411:425 i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides 406:484 Bifidobacterium 411:425 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 30 theme microbiota 330:339 arg1 composition 301:311 the composition 297:311 the composition of human colonic microbiota 297:339 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 8 31 theme functional 1174:1183 arg1 BSH-1 1145:1149 BSH-1 1145:1149 BSH-1 1145:1149 These results suggest that BSH-1 could potentially be a functional ingredient to improve gut health. 30521907 8 31 theme functional 1174:1183 arg1 ingredient 1185:1194 a functional ingredient 1172:1194 a functional ingredient to improve gut health 1172:1216 These results suggest that BSH-1 could potentially be a functional ingredient to improve gut health. 30521907 3 32 theme potential 519:527 arg1 genera 537:542 potential harmful genera 519:542 potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio) 519:617 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 6 33 theme xylosidase 978:987 arg1 activity 909:916 the activity 905:916 the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase 905:987 During fermentation, the activity of acetyl xylan esterase, arabinofuranosidase, xylanase and xylosidase was enhanced. 30521907 3 34 theme human 316:320 arg1 microbiota 330:339 human colonic microbiota 316:339 human colonic microbiota 316:339 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 2 35 theme colonic 221:227 arg1 microbiota 229:238 human colonic microbiota 215:238 human colonic microbiota 215:238 This study investigated its fermentation behavior by human colonic microbiota in vitro. 30521907 3 36 dep Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008 565:587 arg1 i.e. 545:548 i.e. 545:548 i.e. 545:548 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 37 theme colonic 322:328 arg1 microbiota 330:339 human colonic microbiota 316:339 human colonic microbiota 316:339 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 2 38 theme human 215:219 arg1 microbiota 229:238 human colonic microbiota 215:238 human colonic microbiota 215:238 This study investigated its fermentation behavior by human colonic microbiota in vitro. 30521907 1 39 theme bamboo 145:150 arg1 shavings 152:159 bamboo shavings 145:159 bamboo shavings 145:159 BSH-1 is an O‑acetyl-arabinoxylan obtained from bamboo shavings. 30521907 3 40 dep modulated 287:295 arg1 mainly 342:347 mainly 342:347 mainly 342:347 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 3 40 dep modulated 287:295 arg1 decreasing 494:503 decreasing 494:503 decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio) 494:617 Results showed that BSH-1 remarkably modulated the composition of human colonic microbiota, mainly by increasing the growth of potential beneficial genera (i.e. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella_7, Parabacteroides) and by decreasing the growth of potential harmful genera (i.e. Fusobacterium, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Bilophila and Desulfovibrio). 30521907 4 41 theme short-chain 667:677 arg1 acids 685:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 41 theme short-chain 667:677 arg1 acids 735:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 5 42 theme BSH-1 806:810 arg1 culture 825:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 BSH-1 fermentation culture 806:831 After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of n-butyric acid in BSH-1 fermentation culture was increased by 2.41 times compared to the blank. 30521907 0 43 dep In 0:1 arg1 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 In vitro fermentation of O‑acetyl‑arabinoxylan from bamboo shavings by human colonic microbiota. 30521907 4 44 theme n-butyric 725:733 arg1 acids 735:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids 703:739 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 4 44 theme n-butyric 725:733 arg1 acids 685:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 short-chain fatty acids 667:689 BSH-1 significantly promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids. 30521907 8 45 theme gut 1207:1209 arg1 health 1211:1216 gut health 1207:1216 gut health 1207:1216 These results suggest that BSH-1 could potentially be a functional ingredient to improve gut health. 31134556 0 0 from shrimp 48:53 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 0:108 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 4 1 with chitosan 1017:1024 arg1 diet 984:987 0.5 g/kg diet 975:987 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin 975:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 5 2 from data 1125:1128 arg1 performance 1140:1150 growth performance 1133:1150 growth performance 1133:1150 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 3 3 theme treatments 678:687 arg1 treatments 678:687 the five dietary treatments 661:687 the five dietary treatments 661:687 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 3 3 theme treatments 678:687 arg1 one 654:656 one 654:656 one 654:656 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 5 4 theme cricket 1082:1088 arg1 chitin 1090:1095 cricket chitin 1082:1095 cricket chitin 1082:1095 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 4 5 theme 0.5 g/kg 975:982 arg1 diet 984:987 0.5 g/kg diet 975:987 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin 975:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 8 6 theme feed 1731:1734 arg1 amount 1721:1726 the least amount 1711:1726 the least amount of feed with the best FCR 1711:1752 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 8 6 theme feed 1731:1734 arg1 feed 1731:1734 feed 1731:1734 feed 1731:1734 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 8 7 with amount 1721:1726 arg1 FCR 1750:1752 the best FCR 1741:1752 the best FCR 1741:1752 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 0 8 theme chickens 100:107 arg1 growth 58:63 growth 58:63 growth 58:63 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 0 8 theme chickens 100:107 arg1 performance 77:87 carcass performance 69:87 carcass performance 69:87 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 6 9 theme organ 1389:1393 arg1 characteristics 1395:1409 organ characteristics 1389:1409 organ characteristics 1389:1409 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 6 10 from 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 arg1 chitin 1306:1311 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 6 10 from 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 arg1 at 1313:1314 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 6 10 from 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 arg1 cricket 1298:1304 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 2 11 theme broiler 528:534 arg1 chickens 536:543 broiler chickens 528:543 broiler chickens 528:543 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 12 from cricket 448:454 arg1 chitosan 434:441 chitosan 434:441 chitosan 434:441 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 12 from cricket 448:454 arg1 effect 405:410 the effect 401:410 the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens 401:543 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 12 from cricket 448:454 arg1 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 7 13 theme more 1487:1490 arg1 weight 1492:1497 more weight 1487:1497 more weight 1487:1497 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 2 14 from shrimp 460:465 arg1 chitosan 434:441 chitosan 434:441 chitosan 434:441 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 14 from shrimp 460:465 arg1 effect 405:410 the effect 401:410 the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens 401:543 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 14 from shrimp 460:465 arg1 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 3 15 theme broiler 585:591 arg1 chicks 593:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks 546:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight 546:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 4 16 theme chitin 861:866 arg1 diet 845:848 0.5 g/kg diet 836:848 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan 836:887 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 17 theme chitin 999:1004 arg1 diet 984:987 0.5 g/kg diet 975:987 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin 975:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 3 18 dep three 694:698 arg1 replicates 700:709 replicates 700:709 replicates 700:709 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 3 19 theme male 572:575 arg1 chicks 593:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks 546:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight 546:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 1 20 from effect 141:146 arg1 Majority 110:117 Majority 110:117 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 110:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 1 20 from effect 141:146 arg1 growth 174:179 growth 174:179 growth 174:179 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 1 20 from effect 141:146 arg1 characteristics 193:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 1 21 theme studies 126:132 arg1 Majority 110:117 Majority 110:117 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 110:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 4 22 theme cricket 872:878 arg1 chitosan 880:887 cricket chitosan 872:887 cricket chitosan 872:887 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 23 theme shrimp 1010:1015 arg1 chitosan 1017:1024 shrimp chitosan 1010:1024 shrimp chitosan 1010:1024 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 1 24 theme contradictory 304:316 arg1 results 318:324 contradictory results 304:324 contradictory results 304:324 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 7 25 theme basal 1453:1457 arg1 diet 1459:1462 basal diet 1453:1462 basal diet 1453:1462 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 4 26 theme 0.5 g/kg 836:843 arg1 diet 845:848 0.5 g/kg diet 836:848 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan 836:887 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 0 27 from Effects 0:6 arg1 growth 58:63 growth 58:63 growth 58:63 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 0 27 from Effects 0:6 arg1 performance 77:87 carcass performance 69:87 carcass performance 69:87 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 0 28 theme carcass 69:75 arg1 performance 77:87 carcass performance 69:87 carcass performance 69:87 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 0 29 from cricket 36:42 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 0:108 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 5 30 theme growth 1187:1192 arg1 performance 1194:1204 growth performance 1187:1204 growth performance 1187:1204 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 2 31 theme present 360:366 arg1 study 368:372 this present study 355:372 this present study 355:372 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 1 32 from Majority 110:117 arg1 effect 141:146 the effect 137:146 the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 137:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 7 33 theme conversion 1550:1559 arg1 ratio 1561:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio 1533:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1533:1571 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 7 33 theme conversion 1550:1559 arg1 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 6 34 theme at 1313:1314 arg1 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 7 35 theme poorest 1537:1543 arg1 ratio 1561:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio 1533:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1533:1571 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 7 35 theme poorest 1537:1543 arg1 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 4 36 theme Treatment 712:720 arg1 chicks 729:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks 712:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks 712:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 5 37 theme cricket 1167:1173 arg1 chitin 1175:1180 cricket chitin 1167:1180 cricket chitin 1167:1180 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 0 38 theme chitin 11:16 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 0:108 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 3 39 theme average 611:617 arg1 weight 619:624 similar average weight 603:624 similar average weight 603:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 0 40 theme chitosan 22:29 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 0:108 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 1 41 theme shrimp 272:277 arg1 chitosan 279:286 shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan 254:286 chitosan 279:286 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 2 42 theme chitin 423:428 arg1 effect 405:410 the effect 401:410 the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens 401:543 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 43 theme dietary 415:421 arg1 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 chitin 423:428 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 5 44 theme shrimp 1256:1261 arg1 chitosan 1263:1270 shrimp chitosan 1256:1270 shrimp chitosan 1256:1270 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 4 45 with diet 965:968 arg1 diet 984:987 0.5 g/kg diet 975:987 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin 975:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 1 46 theme carcass 185:191 arg1 characteristics 193:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 4 47 theme basal 745:749 arg1 diet 751:754 basal diet 745:754 basal diet 745:754 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 5 48 theme shrimp 1101:1106 arg1 chitin 1108:1113 shrimp chitin 1101:1113 shrimp chitin 1101:1113 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 8 49 theme least 1715:1719 arg1 amount 1721:1726 the least amount 1711:1726 the least amount of feed with the best FCR 1711:1752 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 8 49 theme least 1715:1719 arg1 feed 1731:1734 feed 1731:1734 feed 1731:1734 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 6 50 theme growth 1348:1353 arg1 performance 1355:1365 growth performance 1348:1365 growth performance 1348:1365 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 1 51 theme chickens 220:227 arg1 growth 174:179 growth 174:179 growth 174:179 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 1 51 theme chickens 220:227 arg1 characteristics 193:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 carcass characteristics 185:207 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 2 52 theme chickens 536:543 arg1 characteristics 509:523 organ characteristics 503:523 organ characteristics 503:523 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 52 theme chickens 536:543 arg1 carcass 490:496 carcass 490:496 carcass 490:496 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 52 theme chickens 536:543 arg1 performance 477:487 growth performance 470:487 growth performance 470:487 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 4 53 theme shrimp 992:997 arg1 chitin 999:1004 shrimp chitin 992:1004 shrimp chitin 992:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 3 54 theme dietary 670:676 arg1 treatments 678:687 the five dietary treatments 661:687 the five dietary treatments 661:687 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 8 55 theme best 1745:1748 arg1 FCR 1750:1752 the best FCR 1741:1752 the best FCR 1741:1752 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 6 56 theme broilers 1414:1421 arg1 characteristics 1395:1409 organ characteristics 1389:1409 organ characteristics 1389:1409 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 6 56 theme broilers 1414:1421 arg1 performance 1355:1365 growth performance 1348:1365 growth performance 1348:1365 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 6 56 theme broilers 1414:1421 arg1 quality 1376:1382 carcass quality 1368:1382 carcass quality 1368:1382 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 1 57 theme chitin 151:156 arg1 effect 141:146 the effect 137:146 the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 137:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 4 58 theme basal 959:963 arg1 diet 965:968 basal diet 959:968 basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin 959:1004 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 1 59 theme chitosan 162:169 arg1 effect 141:146 the effect 137:146 the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 137:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 4 60 dep only 756:759 arg1 control 762:768 control 762:768 control 762:768 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 61 theme basal 820:824 arg1 diet 826:829 basal diet 820:829 basal diet 820:829 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 5 62 theme growth 1133:1138 arg1 performance 1140:1150 growth performance 1133:1150 growth performance 1133:1150 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 3 63 theme Cobb500 577:583 arg1 chicks 593:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks 546:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight 546:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 8 64 theme birds 1620:1624 arg1 carcass 1609:1615 carcass 1609:1615 carcass of birds fed cricket chitin 1609:1643 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 8 64 theme birds 1620:1624 arg1 leanest 1653:1659 leanest 1653:1659 leanest 1653:1659 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 2 65 theme organ 503:507 arg1 characteristics 509:523 organ characteristics 503:523 organ characteristics 503:523 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 4 66 dep chicks 802:807 arg1 chicks 802:807 treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks 772:807 chicks 802:807 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 66 dep chicks 802:807 arg1 T3 798:799 T3 798:799 T3 798:799 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 66 dep chicks 802:807 arg1 T2 791:792 T2 791:792 T2 791:792 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 3 67 theme fifty-day-old 558:570 arg1 chicks 593:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks 546:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight 546:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 8 68 theme cricket 1630:1636 arg1 chitin 1638:1643 cricket chitin 1630:1643 cricket chitin 1630:1643 However, carcass of birds fed cricket chitin was the leanest and thus economically beneficial as they consumed the least amount of feed with the best FCR. 31134556 4 69 theme cricket 853:859 arg1 chitin 861:866 cricket chitin 853:866 cricket chitin 853:866 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 7 70 theme highest 1581:1587 arg1 mortality 1589:1597 the highest mortality 1577:1597 the highest mortality 1577:1597 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 2 71 theme chitosan 434:441 arg1 effect 405:410 the effect 401:410 the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens 401:543 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 72 from effect 405:410 arg1 cricket 448:454 cricket 448:454 cricket 448:454 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 72 from effect 405:410 arg1 characteristics 509:523 organ characteristics 503:523 organ characteristics 503:523 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 72 from effect 405:410 arg1 carcass 490:496 carcass 490:496 carcass 490:496 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 72 from effect 405:410 arg1 shrimp 460:465 shrimp 460:465 shrimp 460:465 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 2 72 from effect 405:410 arg1 performance 477:487 growth performance 470:487 growth performance 470:487 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 6 73 theme cricket 1298:1304 arg1 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 2 74 theme growth 470:475 arg1 performance 477:487 growth performance 470:487 growth performance 470:487 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 0 75 theme broiler 92:98 arg1 chickens 100:107 broiler chickens 92:107 broiler chickens 92:107 Effects of chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth and carcass performance of broiler chickens. 31134556 1 76 from studies 126:132 arg1 effect 141:146 the effect 137:146 the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens 137:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 4 77 theme T1 725:726 arg1 chicks 729:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks 712:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks 712:734 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 78 dep chicks 940:945 arg1 T4 929:930 T4 929:930 T4 929:930 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 78 dep chicks 940:945 arg1 chicks 940:945 treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks 910:945 chicks 940:945 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 4 78 dep chicks 940:945 arg1 T5 936:937 T5 936:937 T5 936:937 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 6 79 theme chitin 1306:1311 arg1 0.5 g/kg 1316:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg 1298:1323 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 1 80 theme shrimp 254:259 arg1 chitin 261:266 shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan 254:286 chitin 261:266 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 31134556 7 81 theme feed 1545:1548 arg1 ratio 1561:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio 1533:1565 the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1533:1571 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 7 81 theme feed 1545:1548 arg1 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 FCR 1568:1570 Birds fed basal diet alone, although gained more weight, also accumulated more fat having the poorest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest mortality. 31134556 3 82 theme similar 603:609 arg1 weight 619:624 similar average weight 603:624 similar average weight 603:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 5 83 theme significant 1043:1053 arg1 variation 1055:1063 No significant variation 1040:1063 No significant variation 1040:1063 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 4 84 theme chitosan 880:887 arg1 diet 845:848 0.5 g/kg diet 836:848 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan 836:887 Treatment 1 (T1) chicks were fed basal diet only (control), treatment 2 and 3 (T2 and T3) chicks were given basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of cricket chitin and cricket chitosan, respectively, while treatment 4 and 5 (T4 and T5) chicks were served basal diet with 0.5 g/kg diet of shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan respectively. 31134556 2 85 theme study 368:372 arg1 objective 342:350 the objective 338:350 the objective of this present study 338:372 Therefore, the objective of this present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of dietary chitin and chitosan from cricket and shrimp on growth performance, carcass, and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. 31134556 3 86 theme weight 619:624 arg1 chicks 593:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks 546:598 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight 546:624 One hundred fifty-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks of similar average weight were randomly allotted into one of the five dietary treatments with three replicates. 31134556 6 87 theme carcass 1368:1374 arg1 quality 1376:1382 carcass quality 1368:1382 carcass quality 1368:1382 This study revealed that cricket chitin at 0.5 g/kg significantly improved growth performance, carcass quality, and organ characteristics of broilers more than chitosan. 31134556 5 88 theme cricket 1235:1241 arg1 chitosan 1243:1250 chitosan 1243:1250 chitosan 1243:1250 No significant variation occurred between cricket chitin and shrimp chitin, although data on growth performance were higher in cricket chitin, but growth performance varied significantly between cricket chitosan and shrimp chitosan. 31134556 1 89 theme broiler 212:218 arg1 chickens 220:227 broiler chickens 212:227 broiler chickens 212:227 Majority of the studies on the effect of chitin and chitosan on growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens has concentrated more on shrimp chitin and shrimp chitosan, and often with contradictory results. 30321640 8 0 theme binary 1496:1501 arg1 blend 1503:1507 the binary blend 1492:1507 the binary blend 1492:1507 In addition, the ternary blend showed higher DDs and FPDs but also higher capsule retention in comparison to the binary blend. 30321640 4 1 theme RS01 860:863 arg1 Italy 884:888 Italy 884:888 Italy 884:888 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 30321640 4 1 theme RS01 860:863 arg1 design 865:870 the RS01 design 856:870 the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy) 856:889 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 30321640 6 2 theme significant 1149:1159 arg1 differences 1161:1171 significant differences 1149:1171 significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders 1149:1273 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 3 from impact 443:448 arg1 dose 691:694 the delivered dose 677:694 the delivered dose (DD) 677:699 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 3 from impact 443:448 arg1 retention 740:748 capsule retention 732:748 capsule retention 732:748 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 3 from impact 443:448 arg1 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 3 from impact 443:448 arg1 dose 716:719 fine particle dose 702:719 fine particle dose (FPD) 702:725 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 3 from impact 443:448 arg1 DD 697:698 DD 697:698 DD 697:698 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 1 4 theme aerodynamic 143:153 arg1 performance 155:165 The aerodynamic performance 139:165 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation 139:196 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 1 5 theme dry 233:235 arg1 DPI 253:255 DPI 253:255 DPI 253:255 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 1 5 theme dry 233:235 arg1 inhaler 244:250 the dry powder inhaler 229:250 the dry powder inhaler (DPI) 229:256 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 4 6 theme Axahaler® 833:841 arg1 DPI 843:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI 816:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy) 816:889 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 30321640 0 7 from Impact 0:5 arg1 performance 38:48 aerodynamic performance 26:48 aerodynamic performance of inhalation products 26:71 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 5 8 theme Similar 892:898 arg1 trends 900:905 Similar trends 892:905 Similar trends 892:905 Similar trends were observed with the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations. 30321640 6 9 theme capsule 1047:1053 arg1 retention 1055:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 10 theme formoterol-lactose 754:771 arg1 blends 792:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 1 11 theme powder 237:242 arg1 DPI 253:255 DPI 253:255 DPI 253:255 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 1 11 theme powder 237:242 arg1 inhaler 244:250 the dry powder inhaler 229:250 the dry powder inhaler (DPI) 229:256 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 0 12 theme case 76:79 arg1 study 81:85 A case study 74:85 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 0:137 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 8 13 theme ternary 1400:1406 arg1 blend 1408:1412 the ternary blend 1396:1412 the ternary blend 1396:1412 In addition, the ternary blend showed higher DDs and FPDs but also higher capsule retention in comparison to the binary blend. 30321640 6 14 theme formoterol 1036:1045 arg1 capsule 1047:1053 the lowest formoterol capsule 1025:1053 the lowest formoterol capsule 1025:1053 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 15 theme Hard 485:488 arg1 Capsules 499:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules 485:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs 485:515 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 7 16 contain have 1337:1340 arg1 composition 1299:1309 the capsule composition 1287:1309 the capsule composition 1287:1309 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 7 16 contain have 1337:1340 arg2 influence 1345:1353 an influence 1342:1353 an influence on aerodynamic performance 1342:1380 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 7 16 contain have 1337:1340 arg1 process 1329:1335 manufacturing process 1315:1335 manufacturing process 1315:1335 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 6 17 theme Newman-Keuls 1226:1237 arg1 test 1248:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 18 theme lowest 1029:1034 arg1 formoterol 1036:1045 the lowest formoterol 1025:1045 the lowest formoterol capsule 1025:1053 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 2 19 theme powder 331:336 arg1 aerosolisation 338:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 capsules 608:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules 588:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) 588:628 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 20 from Capsugel® 650:658 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 5 21 theme dry 973:975 arg1 formulations 984:995 both dry powder formulations 968:995 both dry powder formulations 968:995 Similar trends were observed with the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations. 30321640 7 22 from influence 1345:1353 arg1 performance 1370:1380 aerodynamic performance 1358:1380 aerodynamic performance 1358:1380 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 capsules 608:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules 588:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) 588:628 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 23 from Qualicaps® 635:644 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 24 theme ternary 784:790 arg1 blends 792:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 8 25 theme capsule 1457:1463 arg1 retention 1465:1473 higher capsule retention 1450:1473 higher capsule retention 1450:1473 In addition, the ternary blend showed higher DDs and FPDs but also higher capsule retention in comparison to the binary blend. 30321640 2 26 theme drug 390:393 arg1 role 319:322 a role 317:322 a role in the powder aerosolisation 317:351 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 2 26 theme drug 390:393 arg1 dispersion 361:370 the dispersion 357:370 the dispersion of the micronized drug 357:393 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 5 27 theme powder 977:982 arg1 formulations 984:995 both dry powder formulations 968:995 both dry powder formulations 968:995 Similar trends were observed with the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations. 30321640 6 28 theme dry 1263:1265 arg1 powders 1267:1273 both dry powders 1258:1273 both dry powders 1258:1273 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 2 29 theme micronized 379:388 arg1 drug 390:393 the micronized drug 375:393 the micronized drug 375:393 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 4 30 theme low 818:820 arg1 DPI 843:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI 816:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy) 816:889 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 30321640 6 31 dep capsules 1187:1194 arg1 p > 0.05 1197:1204 p > 0.05 1197:1204 p > 0.05 1197:1204 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 31 dep capsules 1187:1194 arg1 ANOVA 1215:1219 one-way ANOVA 1207:1219 one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1207:1251 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 32 theme FPD 1017:1019 arg1 retention 1055:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 33 theme one-way 1207:1213 arg1 p > 0.05 1197:1204 p > 0.05 1197:1204 p > 0.05 1197:1204 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 33 theme one-way 1207:1213 arg1 ANOVA 1215:1219 one-way ANOVA 1207:1219 one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1207:1251 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 1 34 theme dry 172:174 arg1 powder 176:181 a dry powder 170:181 a dry powder for inhalation 170:196 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 0 35 theme type 18:21 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 0:137 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 7 36 theme manufacturing 1315:1327 arg1 process 1329:1335 manufacturing process 1315:1335 manufacturing process 1315:1335 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 0 37 theme binary 114:119 arg1 blend 132:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 3 38 theme Gelatine 490:497 arg1 Capsules 499:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules 485:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs 485:515 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 1 39 theme powder 176:181 arg1 performance 155:165 The aerodynamic performance 139:165 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation 139:196 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 0 40 theme capsule 10:16 arg1 type 18:21 capsule type 10:21 capsule type 10:21 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 0 41 theme formoterol-lactose 95:112 arg1 blend 132:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 1 42 dep formulation 213:223 arg1 the 209:211 the 209:211 the 209:211 The aerodynamic performance of a dry powder for inhalation depends on the formulation and the dry powder inhaler (DPI). 30321640 3 43 dep capsules 462:469 arg1 Capsules 499:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules 485:506 Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs 485:515 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 43 dep capsules 462:469 arg1 Quali-G™ 472:479 Quali-G™ 472:479 Quali-G™ 472:479 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 0 44 theme aerodynamic 26:36 arg1 performance 38:48 aerodynamic performance 26:48 aerodynamic performance of inhalation products 26:71 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 8 45 theme higher 1450:1455 arg1 retention 1465:1473 higher capsule retention 1450:1473 higher capsule retention 1450:1473 In addition, the ternary blend showed higher DDs and FPDs but also higher capsule retention in comparison to the binary blend. 30321640 0 46 theme ternary 124:130 arg1 blend 132:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend 93:136 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 5 47 theme capsule 940:946 arg1 types 948:952 the different capsule types 926:952 the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations 926:995 Similar trends were observed with the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations. 30321640 3 48 theme cold-gelled 519:529 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 48 theme cold-gelled 519:529 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 48 theme cold-gelled 519:529 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 48 theme cold-gelled 519:529 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 49 theme hypromellose 531:542 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 49 theme hypromellose 531:542 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 49 theme hypromellose 531:542 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 49 theme hypromellose 531:542 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 50 dep capsules 551:558 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 50 dep capsules 551:558 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 50 dep capsules 551:558 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 5 51 theme different 930:938 arg1 types 948:952 the different capsule types 926:952 the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations 926:995 Similar trends were observed with the different capsule types that packaged both dry powder formulations. 30321640 8 52 theme higher 1421:1426 arg1 DDs 1428:1430 higher DDs 1421:1430 higher DDs 1421:1430 In addition, the ternary blend showed higher DDs and FPDs but also higher capsule retention in comparison to the binary blend. 30321640 4 53 theme resistance 822:831 arg1 DPI 843:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI 816:845 a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy) 816:889 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 30321640 2 54 from role 319:322 arg1 aerosolisation 338:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 6 55 theme highest 1002:1008 arg1 retention 1055:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 56 theme delivered 681:689 arg1 dose 691:694 the delivered dose 677:694 the delivered dose (DD) 677:699 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 56 theme delivered 681:689 arg1 DD 697:698 DD 697:698 DD 697:698 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 7 57 theme aerodynamic 1358:1368 arg1 performance 1370:1380 aerodynamic performance 1358:1380 aerodynamic performance 1358:1380 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 3 58 theme thermal-gelled 588:601 arg1 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 58 theme thermal-gelled 588:601 arg1 capsules 608:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules 588:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) 588:628 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 58 theme thermal-gelled 588:601 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 6 59 theme cold-gelled 1084:1094 arg1 Vcaps® 1133:1138 Vcaps® 1133:1138 Vcaps® 1133:1138 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 59 theme cold-gelled 1084:1094 arg1 capsules 1101:1108 cold-gelled HPMC capsules 1084:1108 cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps® 1084:1138 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 59 theme cold-gelled 1084:1094 arg1 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 60 theme capsule 732:738 arg1 retention 740:748 capsule retention 732:748 capsule retention 732:748 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 61 theme HPMC 545:548 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 61 theme HPMC 545:548 arg1 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 Vcaps® 576:581 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 61 theme HPMC 545:548 arg1 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 Quali-V®-I 561:570 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 61 theme HPMC 545:548 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 62 theme HPMC 603:606 arg1 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 Vcaps®Plus 618:627 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 62 theme HPMC 603:606 arg1 capsules 608:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules 588:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) 588:628 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 62 theme HPMC 603:606 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 2 63 theme DPIs 288:291 arg1 case 266:269 the case 262:269 the case of capsule-based DPIs 262:291 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 3 64 theme fine 702:705 arg1 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 64 theme fine 702:705 arg1 dose 716:719 fine particle dose 702:719 fine particle dose (FPD) 702:725 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 7 65 theme capsule 1291:1297 arg1 composition 1299:1309 the capsule composition 1287:1309 the capsule composition 1287:1309 Therefore, the capsule composition and manufacturing process have an influence on aerodynamic performance. 30321640 6 66 theme HPMC 1096:1099 arg1 Vcaps® 1133:1138 Vcaps® 1133:1138 Vcaps® 1133:1138 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 66 theme HPMC 1096:1099 arg1 capsules 1101:1108 cold-gelled HPMC capsules 1084:1108 cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps® 1084:1138 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 6 66 theme HPMC 1096:1099 arg1 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 Quali-V-I® 1118:1127 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 2 67 theme capsule-based 274:286 arg1 DPIs 288:291 capsule-based DPIs 274:291 capsule-based DPIs 274:291 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 6 68 theme post-hoc 1239:1246 arg1 test 1248:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 3 69 theme particle 707:714 arg1 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 FPD 722:724 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 69 theme particle 707:714 arg1 dose 716:719 fine particle dose 702:719 fine particle dose (FPD) 702:725 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 0 70 theme products 64:71 arg1 performance 38:48 aerodynamic performance 26:48 aerodynamic performance of inhalation products 26:71 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 3 71 theme gelatine 453:460 arg1 capsules 608:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules 588:615 thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) 588:628 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 71 theme gelatine 453:460 arg1 capsules 551:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules 519:558 cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) 519:582 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 71 theme gelatine 453:460 arg1 capsules 462:469 gelatine capsules 453:469 gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs) 453:516 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 6 72 with ANOVA 1215:1219 arg1 test 1248:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 Newman-Keuls post-hoc test 1226:1251 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 0 73 theme inhalation 53:62 arg1 products 64:71 inhalation products 53:71 inhalation products 53:71 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 6 74 theme DD 1010:1011 arg1 retention 1055:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention 998:1063 The highest DD and FPD and the lowest formoterol capsule retention were observed with cold-gelled HPMC capsules such as Quali-V-I® and Vcaps®, without significant differences between these capsules (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keuls post-hoc test) for both dry powders. 30321640 0 75 dep Impact 0:5 arg1 study 81:85 A case study 74:85 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 0:137 Impact of capsule type on aerodynamic performance of inhalation products: A case study using a formoterol-lactose binary or ternary blend. 30321640 2 76 from dispersion 361:370 arg1 aerosolisation 338:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 the powder aerosolisation 327:351 In the case of capsule-based DPIs, the capsule also plays a role in the powder aerosolisation and the dispersion of the micronized drug during the inhalation. 30321640 3 77 theme capsules 462:469 arg1 impact 443:448 the impact 439:448 the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 439:797 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 3 78 theme binary 773:778 arg1 blends 792:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends 754:797 This study evaluated the impact of gelatine capsules (Quali-G™ and Hard Gelatine Capsules for DPIs), cold-gelled hypromellose (HPMC) capsules (Quali-V®-I and Vcaps®) and thermal-gelled HPMC capsules (Vcaps®Plus) from Qualicaps® and Capsugel® respectively, on the delivered dose (DD), fine particle dose (FPD), and capsule retention for formoterol-lactose binary and ternary blends. 30321640 4 79 used used 811:814 arg2 study 805:809 This study 800:809 This study 800:809 This study used a low resistance Axahaler® DPI based on the RS01 design (Plastiape, Italy). 29441468 8 0 theme migration 1093:1101 arg1 phenomenon 1070:1079 the phenomenon 1066:1079 the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer 1066:1126 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 11 1 theme powder-coating 1595:1608 arg1 blend 1610:1614 the dry powder-coating blend 1587:1614 the dry powder-coating blend 1587:1614 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 4 2 from size 479:482 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 11 3 theme pellets 1520:1526 arg1 properties 1491:1500 the release properties 1479:1500 the release properties of the dry-coated pellets 1479:1526 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 6 4 theme dry 832:834 arg1 process 851:857 the dry powder-coating process 828:857 the dry powder-coating process 828:857 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 2 5 theme dry-coating 219:229 arg1 system 231:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system 190:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 190:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 8 6 theme coating 1178:1184 arg1 membrane 1186:1193 the coating membrane 1174:1193 the coating membrane 1174:1193 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 6 7 theme solid 803:807 arg1 plasticizer 809:819 the solid plasticizer 799:819 talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process 769:857 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 6 8 theme drug 730:733 arg1 release 735:741 The best controlled drug release 710:741 The best controlled drug release 710:741 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 5 9 theme layered 658:664 arg1 level 625:629 A coating level 615:629 A coating level of 15% w/w 615:640 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 5 9 theme layered 658:664 arg1 amount 666:671 the maximum layered amount 646:671 the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release 646:707 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 2 10 theme release 269:275 arg1 profiles 277:284 prolonged and stable release profiles 248:284 prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 248:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 4 11 theme level 424:428 arg1 percentage 431:440 percentage 431:440 percentage of drug loading 431:456 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 11 theme level 424:428 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 11 theme level 424:428 arg1 effect 406:411 The effect 402:411 The effect of coating level 402:428 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 11 theme level 424:428 arg1 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 7 12 theme release 951:957 arg1 studies 959:965 the release studies 947:965 the release studies 947:965 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 1 13 theme Caffeine 95:102 arg1 Release 104:110 Caffeine Release 95:110 Caffeine Release 95:110 Part II: Evaluation of Caffeine Release. 29441468 9 14 theme powder-coated 1210:1222 arg1 pellets 1224:1230 dry powder-coated pellets 1206:1230 dry powder-coated pellets 1206:1230 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 2 15 theme system 231:236 arg1 efficacy 159:166 the efficacy 155:166 the efficacy 155:166 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 2 15 theme system 231:236 arg1 capability 176:185 the capability 172:185 the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 172:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 3 16 theme Lauric 314:319 arg1 acids 331:335 Lauric and oleic acids 314:335 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion 314:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 0 17 theme Pellets 43:49 arg1 Coating 32:38 Dry Powder Coating 21:38 Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose 21:69 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose. 29441468 2 18 theme ethylcellulose-based 198:217 arg1 system 231:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system 190:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 190:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 4 19 theme core 465:468 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 7 20 from re-crystallization 901:918 arg1 surface 934:940 the pellet surface 923:940 the pellet surface 923:940 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 9 21 theme film-coated 1243:1253 arg1 ones 1255:1258 aqueous film-coated ones 1235:1258 aqueous film-coated ones 1235:1258 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 11 22 theme release 1483:1489 arg1 properties 1491:1500 the release properties 1479:1500 the release properties of the dry-coated pellets 1479:1526 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 7 23 theme substantial 884:894 arg1 re-crystallization 901:918 a substantial drug re-crystallization 882:918 a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface 882:940 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 3 24 theme oleic 325:329 arg1 acids 331:335 Lauric and oleic acids 314:335 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion 314:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 4 25 theme drug 445:448 arg1 loading 450:456 drug loading 445:456 drug loading 445:456 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 10 26 theme release 1448:1454 arg1 pellets 1456:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 5 27 theme drug 696:699 arg1 release 701:707 the drug release 692:707 the drug release 692:707 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 10 28 theme caffeine 1429:1436 arg1 pellets 1456:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 7 29 theme SEM 860:862 arg1 pictures 864:871 SEM pictures 860:871 SEM pictures 860:871 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 3 30 theme suitable 342:349 arg1 proportion 351:360 a suitable proportion 340:360 a suitable proportion 340:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 4 31 theme coating 508:514 arg1 formulation 516:526 the coating formulation 504:526 the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent 504:560 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 11 32 theme coating 1659:1665 arg1 components 1667:1676 the coating components 1655:1676 the coating components 1655:1676 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 0 33 theme Dry 21:23 arg1 Coating 32:38 Dry Powder Coating 21:38 Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose 21:69 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose. 29441468 2 34 theme study 135:139 arg1 objective 117:125 The objective 113:125 The objective of this study 113:139 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 9 35 theme release 1323:1329 arg1 profiles 1331:1338 more sustained release profiles 1308:1338 more sustained release profiles 1308:1338 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 6 36 theme w/w 780:782 arg1 % 778:778 2.5% w/w 775:782 2.5% w/w 775:782 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 6 36 theme w/w 780:782 arg1 talc 769:772 talc 769:772 talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process 769:857 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 12 37 theme system 1742:1747 arg1 efficacy 1716:1723 the efficacy 1712:1723 the efficacy of novel coating system using a different API 1712:1769 It would be interesting to study the efficacy of novel coating system using a different API. 29441468 4 38 theme drug 569:572 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 11 39 theme dry 1591:1593 arg1 blend 1610:1614 the dry powder-coating blend 1587:1614 the dry powder-coating blend 1587:1614 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 5 40 theme coating 617:623 arg1 level 625:629 A coating level 615:629 A coating level of 15% w/w 615:640 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 5 40 theme coating 617:623 arg1 amount 666:671 the maximum layered amount 646:671 the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release 646:707 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 8 41 theme caffeine 1084:1091 arg1 migration 1093:1101 caffeine migration 1084:1101 caffeine migration across the coating layer 1084:1126 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 6 42 theme powder-coating 836:849 arg1 process 851:857 the dry powder-coating process 828:857 the dry powder-coating process 828:857 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 4 43 theme anti-sticking 542:554 arg1 agent 556:560 the anti-sticking agent 538:560 the anti-sticking agent 538:560 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 2 44 theme stable 262:267 arg1 profiles 277:284 prolonged and stable release profiles 248:284 prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 248:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 12 45 theme novel 1728:1732 arg1 system 1742:1747 novel coating system 1728:1747 novel coating system using a different API 1728:1769 It would be interesting to study the efficacy of novel coating system using a different API. 29441468 11 46 theme dry-coated 1509:1518 arg1 pellets 1520:1526 the dry-coated pellets 1505:1526 the dry-coated pellets 1505:1526 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 2 47 theme prolonged 248:256 arg1 profiles 277:284 prolonged and stable release profiles 248:284 prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 248:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 8 48 theme coating 1114:1120 arg1 layer 1122:1126 the coating layer 1110:1126 the coating layer 1110:1126 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 11 49 dep nature 1632:1637 arg1 the 1623:1625 the 1623:1625 the 1623:1625 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 11 50 theme drug 1627:1630 arg1 nature 1632:1637 drug nature 1627:1637 drug nature 1627:1637 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 10 51 theme powder-coating 1373:1386 arg1 process 1388:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 2 52 theme caffeine-loaded 289:303 arg1 pellets 305:311 caffeine-loaded pellets 289:311 caffeine-loaded pellets 289:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 8 53 theme membrane 1186:1193 arg1 permeability 1158:1169 the permeability 1154:1169 the permeability of the coating membrane 1154:1193 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 10 54 theme dry 1369:1371 arg1 process 1388:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 5 55 theme maximum 650:656 arg1 level 625:629 A coating level 615:629 A coating level of 15% w/w 615:640 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 5 55 theme maximum 650:656 arg1 amount 666:671 the maximum layered amount 646:671 the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release 646:707 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 6 56 theme controlled 719:728 arg1 release 735:741 The best controlled drug release 710:741 The best controlled drug release 710:741 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 8 57 theme strong 1134:1139 arg1 influence 1141:1149 a strong influence 1132:1149 a strong influence 1132:1149 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 2 58 theme novel 192:196 arg1 system 231:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system 190:236 a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 190:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 5 59 theme % 636:636 arg1 level 625:629 A coating level 615:629 A coating level of 15% w/w 615:640 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 5 59 theme % 636:636 arg1 amount 666:671 the maximum layered amount 646:671 the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release 646:707 A coating level of 15% w/w was the maximum layered amount which could modify the drug release. 29441468 7 60 theme plasticized 1012:1022 arg1 polymer 1024:1030 the plasticized polymer 1008:1030 the plasticized polymer acting as pore former 1008:1052 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 10 61 theme developed 1359:1367 arg1 process 1388:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process 1355:1394 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 4 62 from effect 406:411 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 9 63 theme dry 1206:1208 arg1 pellets 1224:1230 dry powder-coated pellets 1206:1230 dry powder-coated pellets 1206:1230 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 1 64 theme Release 104:110 arg1 Evaluation 81:90 Evaluation 81:90 Evaluation of Caffeine Release 81:110 Part II: Evaluation of Caffeine Release. 29441468 4 65 theme coating 416:422 arg1 level 424:428 coating level 416:428 coating level 416:428 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 8 66 contain had 1128:1130 arg1 phenomenon 1070:1079 the phenomenon 1066:1079 the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer 1066:1126 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 8 66 contain had 1128:1130 arg2 influence 1141:1149 a strong influence 1132:1149 a strong influence 1132:1149 Therefore, the phenomenon of caffeine migration across the coating layer had a strong influence on the permeability of the coating membrane. 29441468 4 67 theme particle 470:477 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 1 68 dep Evaluation 81:90 arg1 Part 72:75 Part II 72:78 Part II 72:78 Part II: Evaluation of Caffeine Release. 29441468 9 69 theme aqueous 1235:1241 arg1 ones 1255:1258 aqueous film-coated ones 1235:1258 aqueous film-coated ones 1235:1258 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 7 70 theme pellet 927:932 arg1 surface 934:940 the pellet surface 923:940 the pellet surface 923:940 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 4 71 from percentage 431:440 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 72 theme loading 450:456 arg1 percentage 431:440 percentage 431:440 percentage of drug loading 431:456 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 72 theme loading 450:456 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 72 theme loading 450:456 arg1 effect 406:411 The effect 402:411 The effect of coating level 402:428 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 72 theme loading 450:456 arg1 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 9 73 theme drug 1261:1264 arg1 migration 1266:1274 drug migration 1261:1274 drug migration 1261:1274 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 7 74 theme drug 896:899 arg1 re-crystallization 901:918 a substantial drug re-crystallization 882:918 a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface 882:940 SEM pictures revealed a substantial drug re-crystallization on the pellet surface, and the release studies evidenced that caffeine diffused through the plasticized polymer acting as pore former. 29441468 4 75 theme inert 459:463 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 10 76 theme sustained 1438:1446 arg1 pellets 1456:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 0 77 theme Novel 2:6 arg1 Approach 8:15 A Novel Approach 0:15 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose 0:69 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose. 29441468 3 78 from proportion 351:360 arg1 acids 331:335 Lauric and oleic acids 314:335 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion 314:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 4 79 theme formulation 516:526 arg1 percentage 431:440 percentage 431:440 percentage of drug loading 431:456 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 79 theme formulation 516:526 arg1 size 479:482 inert core particle size 459:482 inert core particle size 459:482 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 79 theme formulation 516:526 arg1 effect 406:411 The effect 402:411 The effect of coating level 402:428 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 4 79 theme formulation 516:526 arg1 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 composition 489:499 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 10 80 theme stable 1422:1427 arg1 pellets 1456:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1422:1462 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 0 81 with Coating 32:38 arg1 Ethylcellulose 56:69 Ethylcellulose 56:69 Ethylcellulose 56:69 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose. 29441468 0 82 theme Powder 25:30 arg1 Coating 32:38 Dry Powder Coating 21:38 Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose 21:69 A Novel Approach for Dry Powder Coating of Pellets with Ethylcellulose. 29441468 3 83 used used 367:370 arg2 acids 331:335 Lauric and oleic acids 314:335 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion 314:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 3 83 used used 367:370 arg2 proportion 351:360 a suitable proportion 340:360 a suitable proportion 340:360 Lauric and oleic acids at a suitable proportion were used to plasticize ethylcellulose. 29441468 6 84 dep together 785:792 arg1 with 794:797 with 794:797 with 794:797 The best controlled drug release was obtained by atomizing talc (2.5% w/w) together with the solid plasticizer during the dry powder-coating process. 29441468 10 85 theme pellets 1456:1462 arg1 production 1408:1417 the production 1404:1417 the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets 1404:1462 The developed dry powder-coating process enabled the production of stable caffeine sustained release pellets. 29441468 11 86 theme addition 1565:1572 arg1 way 1558:1560 the way 1554:1560 the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend 1554:1614 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29441468 4 87 from composition 489:499 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 9 88 theme sustained 1313:1321 arg1 profiles 1331:1338 more sustained release profiles 1308:1338 more sustained release profiles 1308:1338 Comparing dry powder-coated pellets to aqueous film-coated ones, drug migration happened during storage, though more sustained release profiles were obtained. 29441468 12 89 theme different 1757:1765 arg1 API 1767:1769 a different API 1755:1769 a different API 1755:1769 It would be interesting to study the efficacy of novel coating system using a different API. 29441468 4 90 theme release 574:580 arg1 profile 582:588 the drug release profile 565:588 the drug release profile 565:588 The effect of coating level, percentage of drug loading, inert core particle size, and composition of the coating formulation including the anti-sticking agent on the drug release profile were fully investigated. 29441468 2 91 theme pellets 305:311 arg1 profiles 277:284 prolonged and stable release profiles 248:284 prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets 248:311 The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and the capability of a novel ethylcellulose-based dry-coating system to obtain prolonged and stable release profiles of caffeine-loaded pellets. 29441468 12 92 theme coating 1734:1740 arg1 system 1742:1747 novel coating system 1728:1747 novel coating system using a different API 1728:1769 It would be interesting to study the efficacy of novel coating system using a different API. 29441468 11 93 theme talc 1577:1580 arg1 addition 1565:1572 addition 1565:1572 addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend 1565:1614 Surprisingly, the release properties of the dry-coated pellets were mainly influenced by the way of addition of talc into the dry powder-coating blend and by the drug nature and affinity to the coating components. 29950515 10 0 theme zonal-specific 1533:1546 arg1 morphology 1560:1569 zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology 1533:1569 zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology 1533:1569 This study presents a method to induce zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology and ECM production. 29950515 5 1 theme zonal 704:708 arg1 scaffolds 710:718 the individual zonal scaffolds 689:718 the individual zonal scaffolds 689:718 Primary bovine chondrocytes were seeded into the individual zonal scaffolds, cultured for 14 days and then the ECM was analysed. 29950515 3 2 theme acid 550:553 arg1 meshes 565:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 4 3 theme vertical 625:632 arg1 channels 634:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 The deep zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. 29950515 0 4 theme cartilage 84:92 arg1 regeneration 94:105 biomimetic cartilage regeneration 73:105 biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds 73:128 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 6 5 theme cell 936:939 arg1 proliferation 941:953 higher cell proliferation 929:953 higher cell proliferation 929:953 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 5 6 theme Primary 644:650 arg1 chondrocytes 659:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes 644:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes 644:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes were seeded into the individual zonal scaffolds, cultured for 14 days and then the ECM was analysed. 29950515 3 7 theme nanofibre 555:563 arg1 meshes 565:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 4 8 theme multiple 616:623 arg1 channels 634:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 The deep zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. 29950515 0 9 theme hybrid 113:118 arg1 scaffolds 120:128 hybrid scaffolds 113:128 hybrid scaffolds 113:128 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 6 10 theme higher 929:934 arg1 proliferation 941:953 higher cell proliferation 929:953 higher cell proliferation 929:953 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 5 11 theme bovine 652:657 arg1 chondrocytes 659:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes 644:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes 644:670 Primary bovine chondrocytes were seeded into the individual zonal scaffolds, cultured for 14 days and then the ECM was analysed. 29950515 2 12 theme cellular 327:334 arg1 morphology 336:345 zonal-specific cellular morphology 312:345 zonal-specific cellular morphology 312:345 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 6 13 theme zone 1010:1013 arg1 scaffold 1015:1022 the middle zone scaffold 999:1022 the middle zone scaffold 999:1022 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 4 14 with hydrogel 602:609 arg1 channels 634:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 multiple vertical channels 616:641 The deep zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. 29950515 1 15 from nature 159:164 arg1 anisotropic 144:154 anisotropic 144:154 anisotropic 144:154 Cartilage is anisotropic in nature and organized into distinct zones. 29950515 2 16 theme zonal-specific 312:325 arg1 morphology 336:345 zonal-specific cellular morphology 312:345 zonal-specific cellular morphology 312:345 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 6 17 theme middle 1003:1008 arg1 scaffold 1015:1022 the middle zone scaffold 999:1022 the middle zone scaffold 999:1022 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 10 18 theme ECM 1575:1577 arg1 production 1579:1588 ECM production 1575:1588 ECM production 1575:1588 This study presents a method to induce zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology and ECM production. 29950515 3 19 theme arranged 530:537 arg1 meshes 565:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 8 20 theme lowest 1266:1271 arg1 expression 1284:1293 the lowest collagen I expression 1262:1293 the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones 1262:1312 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 9 21 theme columnar 1436:1443 arg1 cells 1445:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells 1403:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones 1403:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 1 22 theme distinct 185:192 arg1 zones 194:198 distinct zones 185:198 distinct zones 185:198 Cartilage is anisotropic in nature and organized into distinct zones. 29950515 8 23 theme zone 1178:1181 arg1 scaffold 1183:1190 The deep zone scaffold 1169:1190 The deep zone scaffold 1169:1190 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 9 24 theme aggregated 1421:1430 arg1 cells 1445:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells 1403:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones 1403:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 1 25 from anisotropic 144:154 arg1 nature 159:164 nature 159:164 nature 159:164 Cartilage is anisotropic in nature and organized into distinct zones. 29950515 3 26 theme hydrogel 469:476 arg1 layers 438:443 two layers 434:443 two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 434:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 3 27 theme middle 411:416 arg1 zones 418:422 The superficial and middle zones 391:422 The superficial and middle zones 391:422 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 2 28 theme matrix 365:370 arg1 composition 378:388 extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 351:388 extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 351:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 9 29 theme middle 1471:1476 arg1 zones 1487:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 4 30 theme HA 599:600 arg1 hydrogel 602:609 a HA hydrogel 597:609 a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels 597:641 The deep zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. 29950515 5 31 theme individual 693:702 arg1 scaffolds 710:718 the individual zonal scaffolds 689:718 the individual zonal scaffolds 689:718 Primary bovine chondrocytes were seeded into the individual zonal scaffolds, cultured for 14 days and then the ECM was analysed. 29950515 6 32 theme superficial 812:822 arg1 zone 824:827 the superficial zone 808:827 the superficial zone 808:827 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 2 33 theme extracellular 351:363 arg1 ECM 373:375 ECM 373:375 ECM 373:375 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 2 33 theme extracellular 351:363 arg1 matrix 365:370 extracellular matrix 351:370 extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 351:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 9 34 with arrangement 1362:1372 arg1 hydrogel 1384:1391 a HA hydrogel 1379:1391 a HA hydrogel 1379:1391 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 9 35 theme superficial 1458:1468 arg1 zones 1487:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 0 36 theme cellular 28:35 arg1 morphology 37:46 zonal-specific cellular morphology 13:46 zonal-specific cellular morphology 13:46 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 7 37 theme orientated 1085:1094 arg1 mesh 1106:1109 a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh 1074:1109 a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh 1074:1109 Within the middle zone scaffold, which comprised a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh, the cells were clustered and expressed more collagen II. 29950515 8 38 theme GAG 1212:1214 arg1 production 1216:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 9 39 theme HA 1381:1382 arg1 hydrogel 1384:1391 a HA hydrogel 1379:1391 a HA hydrogel 1379:1391 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 8 40 theme collagen 1273:1280 arg1 expression 1284:1293 the lowest collagen I expression 1262:1293 the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones 1262:1312 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 0 41 theme zonal-specific 13:26 arg1 morphology 37:46 zonal-specific cellular morphology 13:46 zonal-specific cellular morphology 13:46 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 7 42 theme nanofibre 1096:1104 arg1 mesh 1106:1109 a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh 1074:1109 a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh 1074:1109 Within the middle zone scaffold, which comprised a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh, the cells were clustered and expressed more collagen II. 29950515 6 43 theme collagen 901:908 arg1 production 913:922 lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production 867:922 lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production 867:922 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 2 44 theme morphology 336:345 arg1 generation 298:307 the generation 294:307 the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 294:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 3 45 theme orientated 507:516 arg1 meshes 565:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 3 46 theme hyaluronic 448:457 arg1 HA 465:466 HA 465:466 HA 465:466 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 3 46 theme hyaluronic 448:457 arg1 acid 459:462 hyaluronic acid 448:462 hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 448:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 3 47 theme acid 459:462 arg1 hydrogel 469:476 hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel 448:476 hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 448:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 4 48 theme deep 577:580 arg1 zone 582:585 The deep zone 573:585 The deep zone 573:585 The deep zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. 29950515 0 49 theme morphology 37:46 arg1 Induction 0:8 Induction 0:8 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 0:129 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 2 50 theme hybrid 258:263 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds 225:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 225:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 7 51 theme middle 1036:1041 arg1 scaffold 1048:1055 the middle zone scaffold 1032:1055 the middle zone scaffold 1032:1055 Within the middle zone scaffold, which comprised a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh, the cells were clustered and expressed more collagen II. 29950515 8 52 theme I 1282:1282 arg1 expression 1284:1293 the lowest collagen I expression 1262:1293 the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones 1262:1312 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 0 53 theme synthesis 59:67 arg1 Induction 0:8 Induction 0:8 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 0:129 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 3 54 theme superficial 395:405 arg1 zones 418:422 The superficial and middle zones 391:422 The superficial and middle zones 391:422 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 6 55 theme elongated 840:848 arg1 morphology 855:864 an elongated cell morphology 837:864 an elongated cell morphology 837:864 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 10 56 theme chondrocyte 1548:1558 arg1 morphology 1560:1569 zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology 1533:1569 zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology 1533:1569 This study presents a method to induce zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology and ECM production. 29950515 2 57 theme three-dimensional 240:256 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds 225:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 225:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 7 58 theme zone 1043:1046 arg1 scaffold 1048:1055 the middle zone scaffold 1032:1055 the middle zone scaffold 1032:1055 Within the middle zone scaffold, which comprised a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh, the cells were clustered and expressed more collagen II. 29950515 2 59 theme composition 378:388 arg1 generation 298:307 the generation 294:307 the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 294:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 0 60 theme matrix 52:57 arg1 synthesis 59:67 matrix synthesis 52:67 matrix synthesis 52:67 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 2 61 theme zonal-specific 225:238 arg1 scaffolds 265:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds 225:273 zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition 225:388 Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. 29950515 3 62 theme polylactic 539:548 arg1 meshes 565:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes 494:570 The superficial and middle zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. 29950515 6 63 theme collagen 959:966 arg1 production 970:979 collagen I production 959:979 collagen I production 959:979 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 6 64 theme glycosaminoglycan 873:889 arg1 production 913:922 lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production 867:922 lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production 867:922 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 6 65 theme cell 850:853 arg1 morphology 855:864 an elongated cell morphology 837:864 an elongated cell morphology 837:864 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 8 66 theme zones 1308:1312 arg1 proliferation 1244:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 8 66 theme zones 1308:1312 arg1 production 1216:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 8 66 theme zones 1308:1312 arg1 expression 1284:1293 the lowest collagen I expression 1262:1293 the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones 1262:1312 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 8 67 theme deep 1173:1176 arg1 zone 1178:1181 The deep zone 1169:1181 The deep zone scaffold 1169:1190 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 6 68 theme nanofibre 785:793 arg1 mesh 795:798 The aligned nanofibre mesh 773:798 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone 773:827 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 6 69 theme lower 867:871 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 873:889 lower glycosaminoglycan 867:889 lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) 867:895 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 6 69 theme lower 867:871 arg1 GAG 892:894 GAG 892:894 GAG 892:894 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 6 70 theme aligned 777:783 arg1 mesh 795:798 The aligned nanofibre mesh 773:798 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone 773:827 The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the middle zone scaffold. 29950515 0 71 theme biomimetic 73:82 arg1 regeneration 94:105 biomimetic cartilage regeneration 73:105 biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds 73:128 Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds. 29950515 9 72 theme deep 1482:1485 arg1 zones 1487:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 8 73 theme cell 1239:1242 arg1 proliferation 1244:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 9 74 theme aligned 1403:1409 arg1 cells 1445:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells 1403:1449 aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones 1403:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 29950515 8 75 theme lowest 1232:1237 arg1 proliferation 1244:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 the lowest cell proliferation 1228:1256 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 8 76 theme highest 1204:1210 arg1 production 1216:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 the highest GAG production 1200:1225 The deep zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three zones. 29950515 9 77 from cells 1445:1449 arg1 zones 1487:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 the superficial, middle and deep zones 1454:1491 Assembling the three zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, middle and deep zones. 30292025 6 0 from distribution 1066:1077 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 0 from distribution 1066:1077 arg1 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 2 1 theme spinning 363:370 arg1 solution 372:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 11 2 theme tissue 1637:1642 arg1 material 1657:1664 a tissue regeneration material 1635:1664 a tissue regeneration material 1635:1664 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 3 3 dep morphology 524:533 arg1 the 520:522 the 520:522 the 520:522 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 4 4 theme cell 675:678 arg1 adhereing 680:688 cell adhereing 675:688 cell adhereing 675:688 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 10 5 theme composite 1523:1531 arg1 membrane 1539:1546 composite fiber membrane 1523:1546 composite fiber membrane 1523:1546 Moreover, cells can be seeded and proliferate well on composite fiber membrane. 30292025 5 6 theme 1:33.4 872:877 arg1 ratio 863:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio 850:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution 850:921 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 6 7 from incorporation 1048:1060 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 7 from incorporation 1048:1060 arg1 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 3 8 theme membrane 578:585 arg1 morphology 524:533 morphology 524:533 morphology 524:533 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 3 8 theme membrane 578:585 arg1 property 550:557 mechanical property 539:557 mechanical property 539:557 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 9 9 theme composite 1417:1425 arg1 membrane 1433:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 3 10 theme composite 562:570 arg1 membrane 578:585 composite fiber membrane 562:585 composite fiber membrane 562:585 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 5 11 theme SA/nHAP 850:856 arg1 ratio 863:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio 850:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution 850:921 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 6 12 theme 9.33 981:984 arg1 ratio 972:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio 955:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) 955:1006 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 12 theme 9.33 981:984 arg1 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 9 13 theme good 1446:1449 arg1 biocompatibility 1451:1466 good biocompatibility 1446:1466 good biocompatibility 1446:1466 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 6 14 theme untreated 1195:1203 arg1 nHAP 1205:1208 untreated nHAP 1195:1208 untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%) 1195:1219 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 14 theme untreated 1195:1203 arg1 % 1218:1218 3.23 wt% 1211:1218 3.23 wt% 1211:1218 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 1 15 theme fiber 156:160 arg1 membrane 162:169 The composite fiber membrane 142:169 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) 142:244 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 6 16 theme PVA/SA/nHAP 955:965 arg1 ratio 972:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio 955:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) 955:1006 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 16 theme PVA/SA/nHAP 955:965 arg1 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 17 theme good 1013:1016 arg1 morphology 1024:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 5 18 theme nHAP 784:787 arg1 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 5 18 theme nHAP 784:787 arg1 suspension 799:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension 770:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) 770:827 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 5 19 theme spinning 905:912 arg1 solution 914:921 homogeneous spinning solution 893:921 homogeneous spinning solution 893:921 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 2 20 from agglomeration 312:324 arg1 solution 372:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 4 21 theme fiber 721:725 arg1 membrane 727:734 composite fiber membrane 711:734 composite fiber membrane 711:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 5 22 theme SA-nHAP 790:796 arg1 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 5 22 theme SA-nHAP 790:796 arg1 suspension 799:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension 770:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) 770:827 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 8 23 dep % 1351:1351 arg1 45 1349:1350 45 1349:1350 45 1349:1350 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 2 24 from precipitation 330:342 arg1 solution 372:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 0 25 theme fiber 126:130 arg1 membrane 132:139 composite fiber membrane 116:139 composite fiber membrane 116:139 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 8 26 theme fiber 1323:1327 arg1 membrane 1329:1336 PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane 1311:1336 PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane 1311:1336 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 5 27 theme SA 770:771 arg1 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 5 27 theme SA 770:771 arg1 suspension 799:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension 770:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) 770:827 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 0 28 theme alcohol/sodium 72:85 arg1 preparation 12:22 Electrospun preparation 0:22 Electrospun preparation 0:22 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 0 28 theme alcohol/sodium 72:85 arg1 properties 39:48 biological properties 28:48 biological properties 28:48 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 0 29 theme Electrospun 0:10 arg1 preparation 12:22 Electrospun preparation 0:22 Electrospun preparation 0:22 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 6 30 theme homogeneous 1036:1046 arg1 incorporation 1048:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 7 31 theme 1.64 wt 1254:1260 arg1 SA-nHAP 1243:1249 SA-nHAP 1243:1249 SA-nHAP of 1.64 wt 1243:1260 The incorporation of SA-nHAP of 1.64 wt. 30292025 2 32 theme membrane 473:480 arg1 component 450:458 the component 446:458 the component of composite membrane 446:480 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 0 33 theme polyvinyl 62:70 arg1 alcohol/sodium 72:85 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium 62:85 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium 62:85 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 2 34 dep SA 442:443 arg1 component 450:458 the component 446:458 the component of composite membrane 446:480 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 11 35 theme obtained 1564:1571 arg1 membrane 1601:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 2 36 theme aqueous 355:361 arg1 solution 372:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 aqueous spinning solution 355:379 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 7 37 theme SA-nHAP 1243:1249 arg1 incorporation 1226:1238 The incorporation 1222:1238 The incorporation of SA-nHAP of 1.64 wt 1222:1260 The incorporation of SA-nHAP of 1.64 wt. 30292025 1 38 dep /nano-hydroxyapatite 218:237 arg1 nHAP 240:243 nHAP 240:243 nHAP 240:243 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 2 39 theme nHAP 347:350 arg1 agglomeration 312:324 the agglomeration and precipitation 308:342 agglomeration 312:324 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 2 39 theme nHAP 347:350 arg1 precipitation 330:342 the agglomeration and precipitation 308:342 precipitation 330:342 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 6 40 with membranes 940:948 arg1 ratio 972:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio 955:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) 955:1006 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 40 with membranes 940:948 arg1 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 4 41 theme in 609:610 arg1 proliferation 694:706 proliferation 694:706 proliferation of composite fiber membrane 694:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 41 theme in 609:610 arg1 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 41 theme in 609:610 arg1 adhereing 680:688 cell adhereing 675:688 cell adhereing 675:688 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 41 theme in 609:610 arg1 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 41 theme in 609:610 arg1 properties 629:638 The in vitro biological properties 605:638 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane 605:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 6 42 dep increased 1165:1173 arg1 compared 1175:1182 compared 1175:1182 compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%) 1175:1219 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 4 43 theme biological 618:627 arg1 proliferation 694:706 proliferation 694:706 proliferation of composite fiber membrane 694:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 43 theme biological 618:627 arg1 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 43 theme biological 618:627 arg1 adhereing 680:688 cell adhereing 675:688 cell adhereing 675:688 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 43 theme biological 618:627 arg1 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 43 theme biological 618:627 arg1 properties 629:638 The in vitro biological properties 605:638 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane 605:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 11 44 theme composite 1585:1593 arg1 membrane 1601:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 9 45 theme hemolysis 1370:1378 arg1 tests 1397:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1366:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1366:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 6 46 theme electrospun 928:938 arg1 membranes 940:948 The electrospun membranes 924:948 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) 924:1006 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 3 47 theme mechanical 539:548 arg1 property 550:557 mechanical property 539:557 mechanical property 539:557 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 9 48 theme cytotoxicity 1384:1395 arg1 tests 1397:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1366:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests 1366:1401 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 8 49 theme tensile 1291:1297 arg1 strength 1299:1306 the tensile strength 1287:1306 the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement 1287:1363 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 10 50 theme fiber 1533:1537 arg1 membrane 1539:1546 composite fiber membrane 1523:1546 composite fiber membrane 1523:1546 Moreover, cells can be seeded and proliferate well on composite fiber membrane. 30292025 11 51 theme regeneration 1644:1655 arg1 material 1657:1664 a tissue regeneration material 1635:1664 a tissue regeneration material 1635:1664 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 6 52 from morphology 1024:1033 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 52 from morphology 1024:1033 arg1 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 3 53 theme fiber 572:576 arg1 membrane 578:585 composite fiber membrane 562:585 composite fiber membrane 562:585 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 3 54 from effect 502:507 arg1 morphology 524:533 morphology 524:533 morphology 524:533 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 3 54 from effect 502:507 arg1 property 550:557 mechanical property 539:557 mechanical property 539:557 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 9 55 theme fiber 1427:1431 arg1 membrane 1433:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 1 56 theme polyvinyl 174:182 arg1 alcohol 184:190 polyvinyl alcohol 174:190 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) 174:244 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 1 56 theme polyvinyl 174:182 arg1 PVA 193:195 PVA 193:195 PVA 193:195 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 5 57 theme mass 858:861 arg1 ratio 863:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio 850:867 SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution 850:921 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 1 58 theme composite 146:154 arg1 membrane 162:169 The composite fiber membrane 142:169 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) 142:244 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 6 59 theme mass 967:970 arg1 ratio 972:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio 955:976 PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) 955:1006 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 59 theme mass 967:970 arg1 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 0-0.668 999:1005 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 4 60 theme membrane 727:734 arg1 proliferation 694:706 proliferation 694:706 proliferation of composite fiber membrane 694:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 60 theme membrane 727:734 arg1 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 cytotoxicity 661:672 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 60 theme membrane 727:734 arg1 adhereing 680:688 cell adhereing 675:688 cell adhereing 675:688 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 4 60 theme membrane 727:734 arg1 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 hemolysis 650:658 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 6 61 theme fiber 1018:1022 arg1 morphology 1024:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 5 62 theme stabilized 773:782 arg1 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 1.67-10.02 mg/mL 811:826 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 5 62 theme stabilized 773:782 arg1 suspension 799:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension 770:808 SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) 770:827 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 4 63 dep in 609:610 arg1 vitro 612:616 vitro 612:616 vitro 612:616 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 5 64 theme homogeneous 893:903 arg1 solution 914:921 homogeneous spinning solution 893:921 homogeneous spinning solution 893:921 Results show that SA stabilized nHAP (SA-nHAP) suspension (1.67-10.02 mg/mL) can be obtained with SA/nHAP mass ratio of 1:33.4 for preparing homogeneous spinning solution. 30292025 8 65 with strength 1299:1306 arg1 enhancement 1353:1363 about 45% enhancement 1343:1363 about 45% enhancement 1343:1363 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 0 66 theme composite 116:124 arg1 membrane 132:139 composite fiber membrane 116:139 composite fiber membrane 116:139 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 8 67 dep enhancement 1353:1363 arg1 % 1351:1351 % 1351:1351 % 1351:1351 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 4 68 theme composite 711:719 arg1 membrane 727:734 composite fiber membrane 711:734 composite fiber membrane 711:734 The in vitro biological properties including hemolysis, cytotoxicity, cell adhereing and proliferation of composite fiber membrane were evaluated. 30292025 6 69 dep show 1008:1011 arg1 increased 1165:1173 increased 1165:1173 show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%) 1008:1219 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 70 theme nHAP 1082:1085 arg1 distribution 1066:1077 distribution 1066:1077 distribution 1066:1077 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 70 theme nHAP 1082:1085 arg1 morphology 1024:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 70 theme nHAP 1082:1085 arg1 incorporation 1048:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 70 theme nHAP 1082:1085 arg1 content 1106:1112 the content 1102:1112 the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane 1102:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 9 71 contain has 1442:1444 arg1 membrane 1433:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 the composite fiber membrane 1413:1440 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 9 71 contain has 1442:1444 arg2 biocompatibility 1451:1466 good biocompatibility 1446:1466 good biocompatibility 1446:1466 The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests show that the composite fiber membrane has good biocompatibility. 30292025 8 72 theme PVA/SA/nHAP 1311:1321 arg1 membrane 1329:1336 PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane 1311:1336 PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane 1311:1336 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 8 73 theme membrane 1329:1336 arg1 strength 1299:1306 the tensile strength 1287:1306 the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement 1287:1363 % significantly improves the tensile strength of PVA/SA/nHAP fiber membrane with about 45% enhancement. 30292025 0 74 theme biological 28:37 arg1 properties 39:48 biological properties 28:48 biological properties 28:48 Electrospun preparation and biological properties in vitro of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nano-hydroxyapatite composite fiber membrane. 30292025 11 75 contain has 1610:1612 arg2 use 1628:1630 the potential use 1614:1630 the potential use as a tissue regeneration material 1614:1664 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 11 75 contain has 1610:1612 arg1 membrane 1601:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 1 76 theme /nano-hydroxyapatite 218:237 arg1 alcohol 184:190 polyvinyl alcohol 174:190 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) 174:244 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 1 76 theme /nano-hydroxyapatite 218:237 arg1 PVA 193:195 PVA 193:195 PVA 193:195 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 6 77 from content 1106:1112 arg1 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 membrane 1139:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 77 from content 1106:1112 arg1 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 fibers 1090:1095 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 2 78 theme aqueous 419:425 arg1 solution 427:434 aqueous solution 419:434 aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer 419:495 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 6 79 theme SA-nHAP 1117:1123 arg1 distribution 1066:1077 distribution 1066:1077 distribution 1066:1077 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 79 theme SA-nHAP 1117:1123 arg1 morphology 1024:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 good fiber morphology 1013:1033 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 79 theme SA-nHAP 1117:1123 arg1 incorporation 1048:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 homogeneous incorporation 1036:1060 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 6 79 theme SA-nHAP 1117:1123 arg1 content 1106:1112 the content 1102:1112 the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane 1102:1146 The electrospun membranes with PVA/SA/nHAP mass ratio of 9.33:(0.67-0.69):(0-0.668) show good fiber morphology, homogeneous incorporation and distribution of nHAP in fibers, and the content of SA-nHAP (6.25 wt%) in membrane is significantly increased compared to that of untreated nHAP (3.23 wt%). 30292025 2 80 theme composite 463:471 arg1 membrane 473:480 composite membrane 463:480 composite membrane 463:480 In order to prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of nHAP in aqueous spinning solution, nHAP was ultrasonically suspended in aqueous solution using SA (the component of composite membrane) as stabilizer. 30292025 1 81 theme alcohol 184:190 arg1 membrane 162:169 The composite fiber membrane 142:169 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) 142:244 The composite fiber membrane of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate (SA)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was fabricated by electrospinning method. 30292025 3 82 theme nHAP 512:515 arg1 effect 502:507 The effect 498:507 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane 498:585 The effect of nHAP on the morphology and mechanical property of composite fiber membrane was investigated. 30292025 11 83 theme fiber 1595:1599 arg1 membrane 1601:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 11 84 theme potential 1618:1626 arg1 use 1628:1630 the potential use 1614:1630 the potential use as a tissue regeneration material 1614:1664 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30292025 11 85 theme PVA/SA/nHAP 1573:1583 arg1 membrane 1601:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane 1560:1608 Therefore, the obtained PVA/SA/nHAP composite fiber membrane has the potential use as a tissue regeneration material. 30732804 4 0 theme salt 687:690 arg1 addition 671:678 the addition 667:678 the addition of any salt 667:690 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 6 1 theme potential 1004:1012 arg1 applications 1014:1025 its potential applications 1000:1025 its potential applications 1000:1025 It is the basis for CQSG product development and quality control for its potential applications. 30732804 4 2 theme pH 737:738 arg1 values 740:745 extreme pH values 729:745 extreme pH values (3 and 11) 729:756 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 4 3 theme solutions 642:650 arg1 viscosities 619:629 The viscosities 615:629 The viscosities of the gum solutions 615:650 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 1 4 theme rheological 97:107 arg1 properties 109:118 the rheological properties 93:118 the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 93:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 3 5 theme different 511:519 arg1 solutions 540:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 0 6 theme Chinese 0:6 arg1 gum 20:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum: Flow behaviour, thixotropy and viscoelasticity. 30732804 3 7 theme uronic 462:467 arg1 content 474:480 uronic acid content 462:480 uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) 462:496 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 2 8 from concentrations 303:316 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 8 from concentrations 303:316 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 8 from concentrations 303:316 arg1 CQSG 285:288 CQSG 285:288 CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 285:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 4 9 theme extreme 729:735 arg1 values 740:745 extreme pH values 729:745 extreme pH values (3 and 11) 729:756 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 4 10 theme gum 638:640 arg1 solutions 642:650 the gum solutions 634:650 the gum solutions 634:650 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 5 11 theme sweep 784:788 arg1 tests 790:794 The stress and frequency sweep tests 759:794 tests 790:794 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 2 12 theme chemical 229:236 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 13 theme pH 352:353 arg1 values 355:360 pH values 352:360 pH values 352:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 0 14 theme quince 8:13 arg1 gum 20:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum: Flow behaviour, thixotropy and viscoelasticity. 30732804 2 15 from types 319:323 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 15 from types 319:323 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 15 from types 319:323 arg1 CQSG 285:288 CQSG 285:288 CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 285:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 16 theme CQSG 285:288 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 16 theme CQSG 285:288 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 3 17 dep presented 550:558 arg1 followed 579:586 followed 579:586 followed by shear thinning regions 579:612 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 2 18 theme dynamic 399:405 arg1 experiments 419:429 dynamic rheological experiments 399:429 dynamic rheological experiments 399:429 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 3 19 theme concentration 521:533 arg1 solutions 540:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 6 20 theme quality 980:986 arg1 control 988:994 quality control 980:994 quality control 980:994 It is the basis for CQSG product development and quality control for its potential applications. 30732804 5 21 theme higher 870:875 arg1 value 877:881 a higher value 868:881 a higher value 868:881 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 0 22 theme seed 15:18 arg1 gum 20:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum: Flow behaviour, thixotropy and viscoelasticity. 30732804 5 23 theme CQSG 892:895 arg1 concentration 906:918 the CQSG solution concentration 888:918 the CQSG solution concentration 888:918 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 2 24 theme rheological 259:269 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 3 25 theme CQSG 485:488 arg1 content 474:480 uronic acid content 462:480 uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) 462:496 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 0 26 theme Flow 25:28 arg1 behaviour 30:38 Flow behaviour 25:38 Flow behaviour 25:38 Chinese quince seed gum: Flow behaviour, thixotropy and viscoelasticity. 30732804 5 27 theme crossover 837:845 arg1 frequency 847:855 the crossover frequency 833:855 the crossover frequency 833:855 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 6 28 theme product 956:962 arg1 development 964:974 CQSG product development 951:974 CQSG product development 951:974 It is the basis for CQSG product development and quality control for its potential applications. 30732804 3 29 theme thinning 597:604 arg1 regions 606:612 shear thinning regions 591:612 shear thinning regions 591:612 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 0 30 dep behaviour 30:38 arg1 gum 20:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum 0:22 Chinese quince seed gum: Flow behaviour, thixotropy and viscoelasticity. 30732804 4 31 dep values 740:745 arg1 11 754:755 11 754:755 11 754:755 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 4 31 dep values 740:745 arg1 3 748:748 3 748:748 3 748:748 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 1 32 theme food 186:189 arg1 production 191:200 food production 186:200 food production 186:200 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 5 33 theme unique 811:816 arg1 result 818:823 a unique result 809:823 a unique result 809:823 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 6 34 theme CQSG 951:954 arg1 development 964:974 CQSG product development 951:974 CQSG product development 951:974 It is the basis for CQSG product development and quality control for its potential applications. 30732804 3 35 theme CQSG 535:538 arg1 solutions 540:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 different concentration CQSG solutions 511:548 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 2 36 from temperatures 335:346 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 36 from temperatures 335:346 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 36 from temperatures 335:346 arg1 CQSG 285:288 CQSG 285:288 CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 285:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 1 37 theme properties 109:118 arg1 Characterization 73:88 Characterization 73:88 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 73:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 2 38 theme salts 328:332 arg1 concentrations 303:316 different concentrations 293:316 different concentrations 293:316 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 38 theme salts 328:332 arg1 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 38 theme salts 328:332 arg1 values 355:360 pH values 352:360 pH values 352:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 38 theme salts 328:332 arg1 types 319:323 types 319:323 types of salts 319:332 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 1 39 theme gum 143:145 arg1 properties 109:118 the rheological properties 93:118 the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 93:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 2 40 from values 355:360 arg1 properties 271:280 the rheological properties 255:280 the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 255:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 40 from values 355:360 arg1 compositions 238:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 the chemical compositions 225:249 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 40 from values 355:360 arg1 CQSG 285:288 CQSG 285:288 CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values 285:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 3 41 theme acid 469:472 arg1 content 474:480 uronic acid content 462:480 uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) 462:496 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 2 42 from compositions 238:249 arg1 concentrations 303:316 different concentrations 293:316 different concentrations 293:316 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 42 from compositions 238:249 arg1 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 42 from compositions 238:249 arg1 values 355:360 pH values 352:360 pH values 352:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 42 from compositions 238:249 arg1 types 319:323 types 319:323 types of salts 319:332 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 3 43 theme Newtonian 560:568 arg1 plateaus 570:577 Newtonian plateaus 560:577 Newtonian plateaus 560:577 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 1 44 theme Chinese 123:129 arg1 gum 143:145 Chinese quince seed gum 123:145 Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 123:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 1 44 theme Chinese 123:129 arg1 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 4 45 from increase 698:705 arg1 temperature 710:720 temperature 710:720 temperature 710:720 The viscosities of the gum solutions decreased with the addition of any salt, with increase in temperature and at extreme pH values (3 and 11). 30732804 5 46 theme solution 897:904 arg1 concentration 906:918 the CQSG solution concentration 888:918 the CQSG solution concentration 888:918 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 3 47 theme shear 591:595 arg1 regions 606:612 shear thinning regions 591:612 shear thinning regions 591:612 The results demonstrated that uronic acid content of CQSG (31.7%) was high and different concentration CQSG solutions presented Newtonian plateaus followed by shear thinning regions. 30732804 1 48 theme quince 131:136 arg1 gum 143:145 Chinese quince seed gum 123:145 Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 123:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 1 48 theme quince 131:136 arg1 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 2 49 theme different 293:301 arg1 concentrations 303:316 different concentrations 293:316 different concentrations 293:316 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 5 50 theme frequency 774:782 arg1 tests 790:794 The stress and frequency sweep tests 759:794 tests 790:794 The stress and frequency sweep tests demonstrated a unique result in that the crossover frequency shifted to a higher value when the CQSG solution concentration increased. 30732804 1 51 theme seed 138:141 arg1 gum 143:145 Chinese quince seed gum 123:145 Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) 123:152 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 1 51 theme seed 138:141 arg1 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 CQSG 148:151 Characterization of the rheological properties of Chinese quince seed gum (CQSG) is fundamental when using it in food production. 30732804 2 52 theme present 210:216 arg1 paper 218:222 the present paper 206:222 the present paper 206:222 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 53 theme rheological 407:417 arg1 experiments 419:429 dynamic rheological experiments 399:429 dynamic rheological experiments 399:429 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 54 from properties 271:280 arg1 concentrations 303:316 different concentrations 293:316 different concentrations 293:316 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 54 from properties 271:280 arg1 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 temperatures 335:346 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 54 from properties 271:280 arg1 values 355:360 pH values 352:360 pH values 352:360 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30732804 2 54 from properties 271:280 arg1 types 319:323 types 319:323 types of salts 319:332 In the present paper, the chemical compositions and the rheological properties of CQSG at different concentrations, types of salts, temperatures and pH values were characterized by using shear or dynamic rheological experiments. 30307792 6 0 theme cytokines 1370:1378 arg1 levels 1344:1349 both the circulating and hippocampal levels 1307:1349 levels 1344:1349 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 6 1 dep RESULTS 1237:1243 arg1 resulted 1270:1277 resulted 1270:1277 resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment 1270:1439 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 7 2 dep B. 1509:1510 arg1 longum 1512:1517 longum 1512:1517 longum 1512:1517 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 3 from effect 1557:1562 arg1 memory 1574:1579 memory 1574:1579 memory 1574:1579 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 4 theme avoidance 1721:1729 arg1 test 1731:1734 the passive avoidance test 1709:1734 the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level 1709:1758 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 5 5 theme systemic 1154:1161 arg1 markers 1185:1191 systemic and neuroinflammatory markers 1154:1191 systemic and neuroinflammatory markers 1154:1191 Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. 30307792 6 6 theme proinflammatory 1354:1368 arg1 cytokines 1370:1378 proinflammatory cytokines 1354:1378 proinflammatory cytokines 1354:1378 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 0 7 from Effects 4:10 arg1 Model 144:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 3 8 dep groups 836:841 arg1 Control 844:850 Control 844:850 Control 844:850 METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). 30307792 3 8 dep groups 836:841 arg1 Probiotic + LPS 858:872 Probiotic + LPS 858:872 Probiotic + LPS 858:872 METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). 30307792 3 8 dep groups 836:841 arg1 Probiotic 879:887 Probiotic 879:887 Probiotic 879:887 METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). 30307792 3 8 dep groups 836:841 arg1 LPS 853:855 LPS 853:855 LPS 853:855 METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). 30307792 6 9 dep levels 1344:1349 arg1 both 1307:1310 both 1307:1310 both 1307:1310 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 7 10 link brain-derived 1589:1601 arg1 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 10 link brain-derived 1589:1601 arg1 factor 1616:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1589:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression 1589:1639 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 8 11 theme promising 1876:1884 arg1 management 1804:1813 the management 1800:1813 the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation 1800:1863 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 8 11 theme promising 1876:1884 arg1 intervention 1886:1897 a promising intervention 1874:1897 a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD 1874:1958 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 1 12 from role 165:168 arg1 pathogenesis 195:206 the pathogenesis 191:206 the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis 191:305 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 7 13 theme Oral 1442:1445 arg1 bacteriotherapy 1447:1461 Oral bacteriotherapy 1442:1461 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 1442:1523 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 8 14 theme microbiota 1822:1831 arg1 management 1804:1813 the management 1800:1813 the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation 1800:1863 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 8 14 theme microbiota 1822:1831 arg1 intervention 1886:1897 a promising intervention 1874:1897 a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD 1874:1958 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 5 15 theme neuroinflammatory 1167:1183 arg1 markers 1185:1191 systemic and neuroinflammatory markers 1154:1191 systemic and neuroinflammatory markers 1154:1191 Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. 30307792 0 16 theme longum 102:107 arg1 R0175 109:113 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 86:113 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 86:113 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 6 17 theme Systemic 1245:1252 arg1 exposure 1254:1261 Systemic exposure 1245:1261 Systemic exposure to LPS 1245:1268 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 1 18 theme therapeutic 435:445 arg1 target 447:452 a therapeutic target 433:452 a therapeutic target for these conditions 433:473 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 1 18 theme therapeutic 435:445 arg1 modification 346:357 modification 346:357 modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy 346:422 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 4 19 theme single 1096:1101 arg1 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 4 19 theme single 1096:1101 arg1 dose 1103:1106 single dose 1096:1106 single dose 1096:1106 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 6 20 theme hippocampal 1332:1342 arg1 levels 1344:1349 both the circulating and hippocampal levels 1307:1349 levels 1344:1349 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 6 21 theme significant 1282:1292 arg1 elevation 1294:1302 significant elevation 1282:1302 significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment 1282:1439 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 8 22 theme gut 1818:1820 arg1 microbiota 1822:1831 gut microbiota 1818:1831 gut microbiota 1818:1831 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 2 23 theme study 492:496 arg1 aim 480:482 The aim 476:482 The aim of this study 476:496 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 6 24 theme probiotic 1418:1426 arg1 pretreatment 1428:1439 probiotic pretreatment 1418:1439 probiotic pretreatment 1418:1439 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 7 25 theme molecular 1648:1656 arg1 level 1658:1662 the molecular level 1644:1662 the molecular level 1644:1662 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 26 theme factor 1616:1621 arg1 expression 1630:1639 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression 1589:1639 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression 1589:1639 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 6 27 theme circulating 1316:1326 arg1 levels 1344:1349 both the circulating and hippocampal levels 1307:1349 levels 1344:1349 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 1 28 theme gut 173:175 arg1 microbiota 177:186 gut microbiota 173:186 gut microbiota 173:186 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 4 29 theme consecutive 1001:1011 arg1 days 1013:1016 14 consecutive days 998:1016 14 consecutive days 998:1016 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 8 30 with management 1804:1813 arg1 formulation 1853:1863 this probiotic formulation 1838:1863 this probiotic formulation 1838:1863 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 8 31 theme neuroinflammation-associated 1910:1937 arg1 disorders 1939:1947 neuroinflammation-associated disorders 1910:1947 neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD 1910:1958 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 8 31 theme neuroinflammation-associated 1910:1937 arg1 AD 1957:1958 AD 1957:1958 AD 1957:1958 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 4 32 dep LPS 1056:1058 arg1 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 1 mg/kg 1061:1067 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 4 32 dep LPS 1056:1058 arg1 dose 1103:1106 single dose 1096:1106 single dose 1096:1106 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 7 33 from test 1731:1734 arg1 significant 1694:1704 significant 1694:1704 significant 1694:1704 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 2 34 theme models 714:719 arg1 rats 690:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 34 theme models 714:719 arg1 models 714:719 the animal models 703:719 the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration 703:788 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 34 theme models 714:719 arg1 one 696:698 one 696:698 one 696:698 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 1 35 theme microbiota 177:186 arg1 role 165:168 The role 161:168 The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis 161:305 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 7 36 theme L. 1485:1486 arg1 helveticus 1488:1497 L. helveticus R0052 1485:1503 L. helveticus R0052 1485:1503 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 5 37 theme Memory 1125:1130 arg1 ability 1142:1148 Memory retention ability 1125:1148 Memory retention ability 1125:1148 Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. 30307792 2 38 theme longum 603:608 arg1 R0175 610:614 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 587:614 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 587:614 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 39 from rats 690:693 arg1 inflammatory 620:631 inflammatory 620:631 inflammatory 620:631 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 0 40 theme Probiotic 15:23 arg1 Pretreatment 37:48 Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment 15:48 Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) 15:114 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 5 41 theme retention 1132:1140 arg1 ability 1142:1148 Memory retention ability 1125:1148 Memory retention ability 1125:1148 Memory retention ability and systemic and neuroinflammatory markers were assessed 4 hours after the injections. 30307792 0 42 theme Lipopolysaccharide 121:138 arg1 Model 144:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 4 43 dep saline 1046:1051 arg1 20 hours 1109:1116 20 hours 1109:1116 20 hours 1109:1116 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 7 44 theme neurotrophic 1603:1614 arg1 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 44 theme neurotrophic 1603:1614 arg1 factor 1616:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1589:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression 1589:1639 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 45 theme decremental 1545:1555 arg1 effect 1557:1562 the decremental effect 1541:1562 the decremental effect of LPS on memory 1541:1579 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 1 46 dep OBJECTIVE 151:159 arg1 demonstrated 325:336 demonstrated 325:336 has recently been demonstrated 307:336 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 0 47 theme Pretreatment 37:48 arg1 Effects 4:10 The Effects 0:10 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 0:149 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 1 48 theme intestinal 366:375 arg1 composition 388:398 the intestinal microbiota composition 362:398 the intestinal microbiota composition 362:398 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 2 49 theme induced 742:748 arg1 neuroinflammation 750:766 peripherally induced neuroinflammation 729:766 peripherally induced neuroinflammation 729:766 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 0 50 theme Formulation 25:35 arg1 Pretreatment 37:48 Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment 15:48 Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) 15:114 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 0 51 theme Rat 140:142 arg1 Model 144:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model 119:148 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 1 52 theme microbiota 377:386 arg1 composition 388:398 the intestinal microbiota composition 362:398 the intestinal microbiota composition 362:398 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 1 53 theme several 211:217 arg1 disease 270:276 Alzheimer's disease 258:276 Alzheimer's disease (AD) 258:281 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 1 53 theme several 211:217 arg1 disorders 237:245 several neurodegenerative disorders 211:245 several neurodegenerative disorders 211:245 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 0 54 theme Lactobacillus 51:63 arg1 helveticus 65:74 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 51:80 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 51:80 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 1 55 theme gut-brain 292:300 arg1 axis 302:305 the gut-brain axis 288:305 the gut-brain axis 288:305 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 2 56 theme Lactobacillus 552:564 arg1 helveticus 566:575 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 552:581 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 552:581 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 1 57 theme composition 388:398 arg1 target 447:452 a therapeutic target 433:452 a therapeutic target for these conditions 433:473 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 1 57 theme composition 388:398 arg1 modification 346:357 modification 346:357 modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy 346:422 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 0 58 dep Pretreatment 37:48 arg1 R0175 109:113 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 86:113 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 86:113 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 0 58 dep Pretreatment 37:48 arg1 helveticus 65:74 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 51:80 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 51:80 The Effects of Probiotic Formulation Pretreatment (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on a Lipopolysaccharide Rat Model. 30307792 7 59 from level 1754:1758 arg1 test 1731:1734 the passive avoidance test 1709:1734 the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level 1709:1758 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 60 theme helveticus 1488:1497 arg1 combination 1470:1480 a combination 1468:1480 a combination of L. helveticus R0052 1468:1503 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 60 theme helveticus 1488:1497 arg1 R0175 1519:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 4 61 theme experimental 895:906 arg1 groups 908:913 All experimental groups 891:913 All experimental groups 891:913 All experimental groups were orally administrated maltodextrin (placebo) or probiotic (109 CFU/ml/rat) for 14 consecutive days and then were injected with saline or LPS (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], single dose) 20 hours later. 30307792 2 62 theme -induced 681:688 arg1 rats 690:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 62 theme -induced 681:688 arg1 models 714:719 the animal models 703:719 the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration 703:788 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 62 theme -induced 681:688 arg1 one 696:698 one 696:698 one 696:698 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 63 from inflammatory 620:631 arg1 rats 690:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats 657:693 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 63 from inflammatory 620:631 arg1 models 714:719 the animal models 703:719 the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration 703:788 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 63 from inflammatory 620:631 arg1 one 696:698 one 696:698 one 696:698 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 7 64 from significant 1694:1704 arg1 test 1731:1734 the passive avoidance test 1709:1734 the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level 1709:1758 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 2 65 theme formulation 539:549 arg1 effects 516:522 the effects 512:522 the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration 512:788 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 1 66 theme probiotic 403:411 arg1 biotherapy 413:422 probiotic biotherapy 403:422 probiotic biotherapy 403:422 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 2 67 theme memory 637:642 arg1 processes 644:652 memory processes 637:652 memory processes 637:652 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 7 68 theme behavioral 1743:1752 arg1 level 1754:1758 the behavioral level 1739:1758 the behavioral level 1739:1758 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 1 69 theme neurodegenerative 219:235 arg1 disease 270:276 Alzheimer's disease 258:276 Alzheimer's disease (AD) 258:281 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 1 69 theme neurodegenerative 219:235 arg1 disorders 237:245 several neurodegenerative disorders 211:245 several neurodegenerative disorders 211:245 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 2 70 theme probiotic 529:537 arg1 formulation 539:549 a probiotic formulation 527:549 a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) 527:615 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 7 71 theme B. 1509:1510 arg1 R0175 1519:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 8 72 theme probiotic 1843:1851 arg1 formulation 1853:1863 this probiotic formulation 1838:1863 this probiotic formulation 1838:1863 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 2 73 theme animal 707:712 arg1 models 714:719 the animal models 703:719 the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration 703:788 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 6 74 theme levels 1344:1349 arg1 elevation 1294:1302 significant elevation 1282:1302 significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment 1282:1439 RESULTS Systemic exposure to LPS resulted in significant elevation of both the circulating and hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which decreased remarkably following probiotic pretreatment. 30307792 1 75 theme disorders 237:245 arg1 pathogenesis 195:206 the pathogenesis 191:206 the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis 191:305 OBJECTIVE The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), via the gut-brain axis has recently been demonstrated; hence, modification of the intestinal microbiota composition by probiotic biotherapy could be a therapeutic target for these conditions. 30307792 2 76 dep formulation 539:549 arg1 R0175 610:614 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 587:614 Bifidobacterium longum R0175 587:614 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 76 dep formulation 539:549 arg1 helveticus 566:575 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 552:581 Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 552:581 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 8 77 dep CONCLUSIONS 1761:1771 arg1 suggest 1787:1793 suggest 1787:1793 suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD 1787:1958 CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the management of gut microbiota with this probiotic formulation could be a promising intervention to improve neuroinflammation-associated disorders such as AD. 30307792 7 78 theme LPS 1567:1569 arg1 effect 1557:1562 the decremental effect 1541:1562 the decremental effect of LPS on memory 1541:1579 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 79 with bacteriotherapy 1447:1461 arg1 combination 1470:1480 a combination 1468:1480 a combination of L. helveticus R0052 1468:1503 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 79 with bacteriotherapy 1447:1461 arg1 R0175 1519:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 B. longum R0175 1509:1523 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 80 theme brain-derived 1589:1601 arg1 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 BDNF 1624:1627 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 7 80 theme brain-derived 1589:1601 arg1 factor 1616:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1589:1621 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression 1589:1639 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 2 81 from effects 516:522 arg1 inflammatory 620:631 inflammatory 620:631 inflammatory 620:631 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 2 81 from effects 516:522 arg1 processes 644:652 memory processes 637:652 memory processes 637:652 The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) on inflammatory and memory processes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats, one of the animal models used in peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. 30307792 7 82 theme passive 1713:1719 arg1 test 1731:1734 the passive avoidance test 1709:1734 the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level 1709:1758 Oral bacteriotherapy with a combination of L. helveticus R0052 and B. longum R0175 also attenuated the decremental effect of LPS on memory through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression at the molecular level; however, this effect was not significant in the passive avoidance test at the behavioral level. 30307792 3 83 theme METHODS 791:797 arg1 Rats 799:802 METHODS Rats 791:802 METHODS Rats 791:802 METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Probiotic + LPS, and Probiotic). 30925215 2 0 theme other 489:493 arg1 polymers 503:510 other soluble polymers 489:510 other soluble polymers by dipping 489:521 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 1 1 theme vinyl 337:341 arg1 alcohol 343:349 vinyl alcohol 337:349 vinyl alcohol 337:349 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 1 1 theme vinyl 337:341 arg1 poly 332:335 poly 332:335 poly(vinyl alcohol) 332:350 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 4 2 theme poly 709:712 arg1 effect 699:704 the effect 695:704 the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties 695:767 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 0 3 theme Puncture 129:136 arg1 Study 120:124 Study 120:124 Study of Puncture 120:136 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 0 3 theme Puncture 129:136 arg1 Properties 160:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 1 4 theme composite 240:248 arg1 films 250:254 composite films 240:254 composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 240:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 0 5 theme Interaction 148:158 arg1 Properties 160:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 4 6 from effect 699:704 arg1 properties 758:767 the analyzed properties 745:767 the analyzed properties 745:767 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 1 7 theme films 250:254 arg1 characterization 220:235 characterization 220:235 characterization 220:235 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 1 7 theme films 250:254 arg1 preparation 204:214 preparation 204:214 preparation 204:214 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 4 8 theme puncture 614:621 arg1 strength 623:630 puncture strength 614:630 puncture strength 614:630 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 4 9 theme chitosan 733:740 arg1 effect 699:704 the effect 695:704 the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties 695:767 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 2 10 with area 436:439 arg1 porosity 451:458 high porosity 446:458 high porosity 446:458 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 4 11 theme analyzed 749:756 arg1 properties 758:767 the analyzed properties 745:767 the analyzed properties 745:767 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 1 12 theme bacterial 261:269 arg1 cellulose 271:279 bacterial cellulose 261:279 bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 261:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 0 13 theme vinyl 104:108 arg1 Poly 99:102 Poly 99:102 Poly(vinyl alcohol) 99:117 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 0 13 theme vinyl 104:108 arg1 alcohol 110:116 vinyl alcohol 104:116 vinyl alcohol 104:116 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 5 14 theme differential 916:927 arg1 calorimetry 938:948 differential scanning calorimetry 916:948 differential scanning calorimetry 916:948 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 5 15 theme scanning 838:845 arg1 microscopy 856:865 scanning electron microscopy 838:865 scanning electron microscopy 838:865 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 3 16 theme blending 529:536 arg1 method 538:543 This blending method 524:543 This blending method 524:543 This blending method effectively reinforces the bacterial cellulose structure. 30925215 5 17 theme spectral 875:882 arg1 analysis 884:891 UV-vis spectral analysis 868:891 UV-vis spectral analysis 868:891 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 6 18 theme good 1000:1003 arg1 properties 1016:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 8 19 theme swelling 1270:1277 arg1 degree 1279:1284 the swelling degree 1266:1284 the swelling degree 1266:1284 Poly(vinyl alcohol) affected the water solubility and increased the swelling degree. 30925215 2 20 theme high 446:449 arg1 porosity 451:458 high porosity 446:458 high porosity 446:458 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 2 21 theme cellulose 387:395 arg1 structure 397:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 5 22 theme thermal 801:807 arg1 properties 809:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 1 23 from cellulose 271:279 arg1 characterization 220:235 characterization 220:235 characterization 220:235 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 1 23 from cellulose 271:279 arg1 films 250:254 composite films 240:254 composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 240:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 1 23 from cellulose 271:279 arg1 preparation 204:214 preparation 204:214 preparation 204:214 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 3 24 theme cellulose 582:590 arg1 structure 592:600 the bacterial cellulose structure 568:600 the bacterial cellulose structure 568:600 This blending method effectively reinforces the bacterial cellulose structure. 30925215 2 25 theme bacterial 377:385 arg1 structure 397:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 0 26 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 Films 10:14 Composite Films 0:14 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 0:170 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 7 27 theme burst 1104:1108 arg1 strength 1110:1117 burst strength 1104:1117 burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g 1104:1148 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 8 28 theme water 1235:1239 arg1 solubility 1241:1250 the water solubility 1231:1250 the water solubility 1231:1250 Poly(vinyl alcohol) affected the water solubility and increased the swelling degree. 30925215 2 29 theme unique 370:375 arg1 structure 397:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure 366:405 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 0 30 theme UV-Barrier 21:30 arg1 Properties 32:41 UV-Barrier Properties 21:41 UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol) 21:117 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 5 31 theme optical 789:795 arg1 properties 809:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 2 32 theme surface 428:434 arg1 area 436:439 an expanded surface area 416:439 an expanded surface area with high porosity 416:458 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 7 33 dep 3234.62 1140:1146 arg1 to 1137:1138 to 1137:1138 to 1137:1138 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 7 34 theme Toughness 1055:1063 arg1 values 1065:1070 Toughness values 1055:1070 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst 1055:1171 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 3 35 theme bacterial 572:580 arg1 structure 592:600 the bacterial cellulose structure 568:600 the bacterial cellulose structure 568:600 This blending method effectively reinforces the bacterial cellulose structure. 30925215 2 36 theme expanded 419:426 arg1 area 436:439 an expanded surface area 416:439 an expanded surface area with high porosity 416:458 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 5 37 theme morphology 774:783 arg1 properties 809:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties 770:818 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 1 38 theme Komagataeibacter 293:308 arg1 xylinus 310:316 Komagataeibacter xylinus 293:316 Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 293:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 5 39 theme electron 847:854 arg1 microscopy 856:865 scanning electron microscopy 838:865 scanning electron microscopy 838:865 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 1 40 dep preparation 204:214 arg1 the 200:202 the 200:202 the 200:202 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 4 41 theme swelling 655:662 arg1 degree 664:669 swelling degree 655:669 swelling degree 655:669 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 0 42 theme Bacterial 52:60 arg1 Cellulose 62:70 Bacterial Cellulose 52:70 Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol) 52:117 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 1 43 from characterization 220:235 arg1 cellulose 271:279 bacterial cellulose 261:279 bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 261:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 1 44 from preparation 204:214 arg1 cellulose 271:279 bacterial cellulose 261:279 bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan 261:363 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 4 45 theme vinyl 714:718 arg1 poly 709:712 poly 709:712 poly(vinyl alcohol) 709:727 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 4 45 theme vinyl 714:718 arg1 alcohol 720:726 vinyl alcohol 714:726 vinyl alcohol 714:726 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 30925215 6 46 contain have 995:998 arg2 stability 1044:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 6 46 contain have 995:998 arg1 films 989:993 the films 985:993 the films 985:993 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 6 46 contain have 995:998 arg2 properties 1016:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 0 47 with Films 10:14 arg1 Properties 32:41 UV-Barrier Properties 21:41 UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol) 21:117 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 5 48 theme scanning 929:936 arg1 calorimetry 938:948 differential scanning calorimetry 916:948 differential scanning calorimetry 916:948 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 0 49 theme Water 142:146 arg1 Properties 160:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 6 50 theme UV-barrier 1005:1014 arg1 properties 1016:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 good UV-barrier properties 1000:1025 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 7 51 dep 7.18 1092:1095 arg1 to 1089:1090 to 1089:1090 to 1089:1090 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 7 51 dep 7.18 1092:1095 arg1 MJ/m3 1097:1101 MJ/m3 1097:1101 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3 1084:1101 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 8 52 theme vinyl 1207:1211 arg1 Poly 1202:1205 Poly 1202:1205 Poly(vinyl alcohol) 1202:1220 Poly(vinyl alcohol) affected the water solubility and increased the swelling degree. 30925215 8 52 theme vinyl 1207:1211 arg1 alcohol 1213:1219 vinyl alcohol 1207:1219 vinyl alcohol 1207:1219 Poly(vinyl alcohol) affected the water solubility and increased the swelling degree. 30925215 7 53 dep 3.24 1193:1196 arg1 to 1190:1191 to 1190:1191 to 1190:1191 Toughness values ranged from 0.26 to 7.18 MJ/m3, burst strength ranged from 58.88 to 3234.62 g, and distance to burst ranged from 0.39 to 3.24 mm. 30925215 0 54 dep Films 10:14 arg1 Study 120:124 Study 120:124 Study of Puncture 120:136 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 0 54 dep Films 10:14 arg1 Properties 160:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Water Interaction Properties 142:169 Composite Films with UV-Barrier Properties Based on Bacterial Cellulose Combined with Chitosan and Poly(vinyl alcohol): Study of Puncture and Water Interaction Properties. 30925215 1 55 theme present 176:182 arg1 study 184:188 The present study 172:188 The present study 172:188 The present study describes the preparation and characterization of composite films from bacterial cellulose produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan. 30925215 5 56 theme UV-vis 868:873 arg1 analysis 884:891 UV-vis spectral analysis 868:891 UV-vis spectral analysis 868:891 The morphology and optical and thermal properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis spectral analysis, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. 30925215 6 57 theme thermal 1036:1042 arg1 stability 1044:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 2 58 theme soluble 495:501 arg1 polymers 503:510 other soluble polymers 489:510 other soluble polymers by dipping 489:521 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 6 59 theme high 1031:1034 arg1 stability 1044:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 high thermal stability 1031:1052 Results showed that the films have good UV-barrier properties and high thermal stability. 30925215 2 60 with combination 472:482 arg1 polymers 503:510 other soluble polymers 489:510 other soluble polymers by dipping 489:521 The unique bacterial cellulose structure provides an expanded surface area with high porosity, easing the combination with other soluble polymers by dipping. 30925215 4 61 theme water 633:637 arg1 solubility 639:648 water solubility 633:648 water solubility 633:648 Toughness, puncture strength, water solubility, and swelling degree were measured to assess the effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan on the analyzed properties. 31079672 2 0 theme Ga-based 372:379 arg1 particles 387:395 Ga-based glass particles 372:395 Ga-based glass particles 372:395 In this study, a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles is presented. 31079672 1 1 theme applications 277:288 arg1 range 256:260 a range 254:260 a range of soft tissue applications 254:288 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 5 2 theme intra-vascular 929:942 arg1 injection 944:952 minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection 910:952 minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection 910:952 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 3 3 theme degradation 516:526 arg1 properties 528:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties 463:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite 463:555 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 5 4 theme suitable 887:894 arg1 candidate 896:904 a suitable candidate 885:904 a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection 885:952 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 2 5 theme new 308:310 arg1 way 312:314 a new way 306:314 a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles 306:395 In this study, a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles is presented. 31079672 4 6 theme biocompatible 713:725 arg1 gallium 727:733 biocompatible gallium 713:733 biocompatible gallium 713:733 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 1 7 theme new 148:150 arg1 approach 152:159 a new approach 146:159 a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications 146:288 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 6 8 theme platelet 1092:1099 arg1 adhesion 1101:1108 platelet adhesion 1092:1108 platelet adhesion 1092:1108 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 4 9 theme wherein 672:678 arg1 particle 662:669 a glass particle 654:669 a glass particle 654:669 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 4 9 theme wherein 672:678 arg1 aluminium 686:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 6 10 theme vascular 1139:1146 arg1 cells 1148:1152 vascular cells 1139:1152 vascular cells in vitro 1139:1161 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 3 11 theme composite 547:555 arg1 properties 528:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties 463:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite 463:555 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 0 12 theme injectable 6:15 arg1 hydrogel 59:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 1 13 theme Composite 117:125 arg1 biomaterials 127:138 Composite biomaterials 117:138 Composite biomaterials 117:138 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 0 14 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 hydrogel 59:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 3 15 theme various 581:587 arg1 applications 589:600 various applications 581:600 various applications 581:600 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 4 16 theme toxic 680:684 arg1 particle 662:669 a glass particle 654:669 a glass particle 654:669 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 4 16 theme toxic 680:684 arg1 aluminium 686:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 0 17 theme self-setting 31:42 arg1 hydrogel 59:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 1 18 dep novel 177:181 arg1 minimally-invasive 184:201 minimally-invasive 184:201 minimally-invasive 184:201 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 3 19 theme time 475:478 arg1 properties 528:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties 463:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite 463:555 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 0 20 theme gallium-based 17:29 arg1 hydrogel 59:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 6 21 theme local 1047:1051 arg1 environment 1062:1072 the local cellular environment 1043:1072 the local cellular environment 1043:1072 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 3 22 theme stiffness 502:510 arg1 properties 528:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties 463:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite 463:555 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 6 23 theme cells 1148:1152 arg1 viability 1126:1134 viability 1126:1134 viability of vascular cells in vitro 1126:1161 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 5 24 theme tuneable 851:858 arg1 rate 869:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 0 25 theme glass-alginate 44:57 arg1 hydrogel 59:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel 0:66 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 5 26 theme soft 808:811 arg1 tissues 813:819 soft tissues 808:819 soft tissues 808:819 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 5 27 theme gelation 860:867 arg1 rate 869:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 3 28 theme setting 467:473 arg1 time 475:478 setting time 467:478 setting time 467:478 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 2 29 theme hydrogels 356:364 arg1 gelation 335:342 the gelation 331:342 the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles 331:395 In this study, a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles is presented. 31079672 3 30 theme comprehensive 421:433 arg1 analysis 435:442 a comprehensive analysis 419:442 a comprehensive analysis 419:442 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 2 31 theme alginate 347:354 arg1 hydrogels 356:364 alginate hydrogels 347:364 alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles 347:395 In this study, a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles is presented. 31079672 6 32 located found 980:984 arg2 it 968:969 it 968:969 it 968:969 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 6 32 located found 980:984 arg1 addition 958:965 addition 958:965 addition 958:965 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 3 33 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 strength 492:499 mechanical strength 481:499 mechanical strength 481:499 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 5 34 theme minimally-invasive 910:927 arg1 injection 944:952 minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection 910:952 minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection 910:952 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 6 35 theme cellular 1053:1060 arg1 environment 1062:1072 the local cellular environment 1043:1072 the local cellular environment 1043:1072 In addition, it was also found that this composite can be tailored to deliver ions into the local cellular environment without affecting platelet adhesion or compromising viability of vascular cells in vitro. 31079672 3 36 theme strength 492:499 arg1 properties 528:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties 463:537 the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite 463:555 Through a comprehensive analysis, it was shown that the setting time, mechanical strength, stiffness and degradation properties of this composite can all be tailored for various applications. 31079672 4 37 theme enhanced 746:753 arg1 properties 755:764 enhanced properties 746:764 enhanced properties 746:764 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 0 38 theme tissue 97:102 arg1 engineering 104:114 cardiovascular tissue engineering 82:114 cardiovascular tissue engineering 82:114 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 4 39 theme glass 656:660 arg1 particle 662:669 a glass particle 654:669 a glass particle 654:669 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 4 39 theme glass 656:660 arg1 aluminium 686:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 wherein toxic aluminium 672:694 Specifically, the hydrogel generated through using a glass particle, wherein toxic aluminium is replaced with biocompatible gallium, exhibited enhanced properties. 31079672 5 40 theme slow 842:845 arg1 rate 869:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 a slow and tuneable gelation rate 840:872 The material's stiffness matches that of soft tissues, while it displays a slow and tuneable gelation rate, making it a suitable candidate for minimally-invasive intra-vascular injection. 31079672 1 41 theme novel 177:181 arg1 scaffolds 203:211 novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds 177:211 novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds 177:211 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 1 42 theme soft 265:268 arg1 applications 277:288 soft tissue applications 265:288 soft tissue applications 265:288 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31079672 0 43 theme cardiovascular 82:95 arg1 engineering 104:114 cardiovascular tissue engineering 82:114 cardiovascular tissue engineering 82:114 Novel injectable gallium-based self-setting glass-alginate hydrogel composite for cardiovascular tissue engineering. 31079672 2 44 theme glass 381:385 arg1 particles 387:395 Ga-based glass particles 372:395 Ga-based glass particles 372:395 In this study, a new way of controlling the gelation of alginate hydrogels using Ga-based glass particles is presented. 31079672 1 45 theme tissue 270:275 arg1 applications 277:288 soft tissue applications 265:288 soft tissue applications 265:288 Composite biomaterials offer a new approach for engineering novel, minimally-invasive scaffolds with properties that can be modified for a range of soft tissue applications. 31751810 9 0 from use 1836:1838 arg1 schemes 1904:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 1 theme sulfate 626:632 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 1 theme sulfate 626:632 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 9 2 theme ex 1876:1877 arg1 schemes 1904:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 3 from progress 1824:1831 arg1 use 1836:1838 use 1836:1838 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1836:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 4 theme chondroitin 597:607 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 4 theme chondroitin 597:607 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 6 5 attach derived 1260:1266 arg2 gels 1255:1258 gels 1255:1258 gels derived from decellularized human lungs 1255:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 6 5 attach derived 1260:1266 arg1 lungs 1294:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 9 6 theme materials 1945:1953 arg1 use 1923:1925 use 1923:1925 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1923:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 7 theme > 642:642 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 7 theme > 642:642 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 3 8 theme Specific 689:696 arg1 changes 698:704 Specific changes 689:704 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs 689:750 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 6 9 theme stromal 1195:1201 arg1 cells 1203:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells 1154:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of 1154:1234 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 2 10 theme CS/DS 635:639 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 10 theme CS/DS 635:639 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 3 11 from changes 698:704 arg1 composition 722:732 disaccharide composition 709:732 disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs 709:750 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 3 12 theme remaining 737:745 arg1 GAGs 747:750 remaining GAGs 737:750 remaining GAGs 737:750 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 6 13 theme vascular 1181:1188 arg1 cells 1203:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells 1154:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of 1154:1234 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 9 14 theme functional 2012:2021 arg1 role 2023:2026 functional role 2012:2026 functional role 2012:2026 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 3 15 dep NS 796:797 arg1 groups 815:820 groups 815:820 groups 815:820 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 1 16 attach derived 222:228 arg1 chains 379:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 16 attach derived 222:228 arg2 gels 197:200 gels 197:200 gels 197:200 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 16 attach derived 222:228 arg1 scaffolds 239:247 the scaffolds 235:247 the scaffolds 235:247 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 16 attach derived 222:228 arg1 composition 263:273 the detailed composition 250:273 the detailed composition 250:273 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 17 theme materials 212:220 arg1 use 190:192 use 190:192 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 190:418 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 18 theme cell 1579:1582 arg1 metabolism 1584:1593 lung cell metabolism 1574:1593 lung cell metabolism 1574:1593 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 2 19 theme GAGs 574:577 arg1 losses 564:569 disproportionate losses 547:569 disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 547:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 6 20 theme embedded 1239:1246 arg1 Growth 1144:1149 Growth 1144:1149 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs 1144:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 21 theme surface 982:988 arg1 resonance 998:1006 surface plasmon resonance 982:1006 surface plasmon resonance 982:1006 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 1 22 theme scaffolds 130:138 arg1 use 103:105 use 103:105 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 103:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 3 23 theme 4S 829:830 arg1 loss 788:791 disproportionate loss 771:791 disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups 771:847 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 9 24 dep ex 1876:1877 arg1 vivo 1879:1882 vivo 1879:1882 vivo 1879:1882 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 25 theme smoking 878:884 arg1 history 886:892 smoking history 878:892 smoking history 878:892 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 6 26 theme lung 1154:1157 arg1 cells 1203:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells 1154:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of 1154:1234 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 4 27 located observed 928:935 arg2 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 4 27 located observed 928:935 arg1 lungs 966:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 3 28 theme NS 796:797 arg1 loss 788:791 disproportionate loss 771:791 disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups 771:847 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 1 29 theme decellularized 399:412 arg1 lungs 414:418 decellularized lungs 399:418 decellularized lungs 399:418 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 8 30 theme human 1776:1780 arg1 lungs 1782:1786 decellularized human lungs 1761:1786 decellularized human lungs 1761:1786 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 1 31 theme ex 143:144 arg1 schemes 171:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 32 theme factor 1555:1560 arg1 binding 1562:1568 matrix-associated growth factor binding 1530:1568 matrix-associated growth factor binding 1530:1568 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 4 33 theme age 920:922 arg1 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 9 34 theme lung 1884:1887 arg1 schemes 1904:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 12 35 theme GAGs 2658:2661 arg1 importance 2632:2641 the importance 2628:2641 the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives 2628:2707 These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives. 31751810 1 36 theme lung 151:154 arg1 schemes 171:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 37 theme matrix-associated 1530:1546 arg1 factor 1555:1560 matrix-associated growth factor 1530:1560 matrix-associated growth factor binding 1530:1568 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 2 38 theme detergent-based 469:483 arg1 approach 503:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 11 39 theme repleting 2451:2459 arg1 GAGs 2461:2464 Systematically repleting GAGs 2436:2464 Systematically repleting GAGs 2436:2464 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 5 40 theme key 1085:1087 arg1 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 40 theme key 1085:1087 arg1 factors 1114:1120 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 40 theme key 1085:1087 arg1 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 40 theme key 1085:1087 arg1 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 3 41 theme CS/DS 836:840 arg1 groups 842:847 CS/DS groups 836:847 CS/DS groups 836:847 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 11 42 theme growth 2488:2493 arg1 factors 2495:2501 matrix-associated growth factors 2470:2501 matrix-associated growth factors 2470:2501 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 5 43 theme decellularized 1044:1057 arg1 lungs 1059:1063 decellularized lungs 1044:1063 decellularized lungs 1044:1063 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 7 44 theme side 1494:1497 arg1 chains 1499:1504 side chains 1494:1504 side chains 1494:1504 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 2 45 theme human 515:519 arg1 lungs 529:533 human autopsy lungs 515:533 human autopsy lungs 515:533 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 11 46 theme decellularized 2524:2537 arg1 lung 2545:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 2 47 theme heparan 644:650 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 47 theme heparan 644:650 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 10 48 theme current 2183:2189 arg1 studies 2191:2197 the current studies 2179:2197 the current studies 2179:2197 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 6 49 theme human 1288:1292 arg1 lungs 1294:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 50 dep factors 1114:1120 arg1 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 50 dep factors 1114:1120 arg1 factors 1114:1120 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 50 dep factors 1114:1120 arg1 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 50 dep factors 1114:1120 arg1 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 2 51 theme hyaluronic 667:676 arg1 HA 684:685 HA 684:685 HA 684:685 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 51 theme hyaluronic 667:676 arg1 acid 678:681 hyaluronic acid 667:681 hyaluronic acid (HA) 667:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 0 52 theme Functional 0:9 arg1 role 11:14 Functional role 0:14 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 0:81 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 9 53 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1802:1813 arg1 STATEMENT 1789:1797 STATEMENT 1789:1797 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 1789:1813 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 54 theme matrix 2045:2050 arg1 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 54 theme matrix 2045:2050 arg1 proteoglycans 2058:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans 2031:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) 2031:2076 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 55 theme specific 1477:1484 arg1 GAGs 1486:1489 specific GAGs 1477:1489 specific GAGs 1477:1489 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 1 56 theme decellularized 110:123 arg1 scaffolds 130:138 decellularized lung scaffolds 110:138 decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 110:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 57 theme native 940:945 arg1 lungs 966:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 9 58 theme ECM 2053:2055 arg1 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 58 theme ECM 2053:2055 arg1 proteoglycans 2058:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans 2031:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) 2031:2076 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 59 theme extracellular 298:310 arg1 matrix 312:317 extracellular matrix 298:317 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) 298:343 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 59 theme extracellular 298:310 arg1 ECM 320:322 ECM 320:322 ECM 320:322 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 60 theme decellularized 951:964 arg1 lungs 966:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 native vs. decellularized lungs 940:970 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 5 61 theme growth 1107:1112 arg1 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 61 theme growth 1107:1112 arg1 factors 1114:1120 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 61 theme growth 1107:1112 arg1 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 61 theme growth 1107:1112 arg1 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 9 62 theme proteoglycans 2058:2070 arg1 scaffolds 1972:1980 the scaffolds 1968:1980 the scaffolds 1968:1980 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 62 theme proteoglycans 2058:2070 arg1 composition 1996:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 62 theme proteoglycans 2058:2070 arg1 role 2023:2026 functional role 2012:2026 functional role 2012:2026 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 62 theme proteoglycans 2058:2070 arg1 chains 2112:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 6 63 theme replenishing 1351:1362 arg1 GAGs 1373:1376 replenishing specific GAGs 1351:1376 replenishing specific GAGs 1351:1376 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 8 64 theme matrix-associated 1604:1620 arg1 factor 1629:1634 matrix-associated growth factor 1604:1634 matrix-associated growth factor 1604:1634 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 9 65 theme lung 1858:1861 arg1 scaffolds 1863:1871 decellularized lung scaffolds 1843:1871 decellularized lung scaffolds 1843:1871 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 65 theme lung 1858:1861 arg1 use 1923:1925 use 1923:1925 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1923:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 66 from use 103:105 arg1 schemes 171:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 6 67 theme specific 1364:1371 arg1 GAGs 1373:1376 replenishing specific GAGs 1351:1376 replenishing specific GAGs 1351:1376 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 7 68 theme lung 1416:1419 arg1 decellularization 1421:1437 lung decellularization 1416:1437 lung decellularization 1416:1437 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 9 69 theme glycosaminoglycan 2088:2104 arg1 chains 2112:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 70 from progress 91:98 arg1 use 103:105 use 103:105 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 103:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 71 theme sulfate/dermatan 609:624 arg1 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 HS 661:662 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 71 theme sulfate/dermatan 609:624 arg1 sulfate 652:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate 597:658 chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 597:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 9 72 theme GAG 2107:2109 arg1 chains 2112:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 12 73 theme decellularized 2666:2679 arg1 lungs 2681:2685 decellularized lungs 2666:2685 decellularized lungs 2666:2685 These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives. 31751810 1 74 theme detailed 254:261 arg1 composition 263:273 the detailed composition 250:273 the detailed composition 250:273 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 75 theme bioengineering 1889:1902 arg1 schemes 1904:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 8 76 theme GAG 1596:1598 arg1 replenishment 1636:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment 1596:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment 1596:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 3 77 theme disaccharide 709:720 arg1 composition 722:732 disaccharide composition 709:732 disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs 709:750 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 6 78 theme cells 1203:1207 arg1 Growth 1144:1149 Growth 1144:1149 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs 1144:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 0 79 theme lung 56:59 arg1 matrix 75:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 9 80 theme decellularized 2132:2145 arg1 lungs 2147:2151 decellularized lungs 2132:2151 decellularized lungs 2132:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 12 81 from importance 2632:2641 arg1 lungs 2681:2685 decellularized lungs 2666:2685 decellularized lungs 2666:2685 These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives. 31751810 12 81 from importance 2632:2641 arg1 derivatives 2697:2707 their derivatives 2691:2707 their derivatives 2691:2707 These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives. 31751810 11 82 theme matrix-associated 2470:2486 arg1 factors 2495:2501 matrix-associated growth factors 2470:2501 matrix-associated growth factors 2470:2501 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 9 83 from scaffolds 1863:1871 arg1 schemes 1904:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 1876:1910 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 3 84 theme GAGs 747:750 arg1 composition 722:732 disaccharide composition 709:732 disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs 709:750 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 6 85 theme decellularized 1273:1286 arg1 lungs 1294:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 decellularized human lungs 1273:1298 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 1 86 theme gels 197:200 arg1 use 190:192 use 190:192 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 190:418 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 87 theme history 886:892 arg1 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 9 88 theme gels 1930:1933 arg1 use 1923:1925 use 1923:1925 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1923:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 89 attach derived 1955:1961 arg1 chains 2112:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 2082:2117 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 89 attach derived 1955:1961 arg2 gels 1930:1933 gels 1930:1933 gels 1930:1933 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 89 attach derived 1955:1961 arg1 composition 1996:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 89 attach derived 1955:1961 arg1 scaffolds 1972:1980 the scaffolds 1968:1980 the scaffolds 1968:1980 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 90 theme other 206:210 arg1 materials 212:220 other materials 206:220 other materials 206:220 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 91 theme lung 1574:1577 arg1 metabolism 1584:1593 lung cell metabolism 1574:1593 lung cell metabolism 1574:1593 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 4 92 theme sex 895:897 arg1 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 11 93 theme human 2539:2543 arg1 lung 2545:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 9 94 theme other 1939:1943 arg1 materials 1945:1953 other materials 1939:1953 other materials 1939:1953 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 3 95 theme disproportionate 771:786 arg1 loss 788:791 disproportionate loss 771:791 disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups 771:847 Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. 31751810 8 96 theme other 1731:1735 arg1 materials 1737:1745 other materials 1731:1745 other materials 1731:1745 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 1 97 theme lung 125:128 arg1 scaffolds 130:138 decellularized lung scaffolds 110:138 decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 110:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 98 theme significant 853:863 arg1 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 11 99 theme cell 2591:2594 arg1 growth 2596:2601 cell growth 2591:2601 cell growth 2591:2601 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 6 100 theme epithelial 1159:1168 arg1 cells 1203:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells 1154:1207 lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of 1154:1234 Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 101 theme plasmon 990:996 arg1 resonance 998:1006 surface plasmon resonance 982:1006 surface plasmon resonance 982:1006 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 7 102 theme growth 1548:1553 arg1 factor 1555:1560 matrix-associated growth factor 1530:1560 matrix-associated growth factor binding 1530:1568 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 11 103 attach derived 2511:2517 arg2 gels 2506:2509 gels 2506:2509 gels derived from decellularized human lung 2506:2548 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 11 103 attach derived 2511:2517 arg1 lung 2545:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 decellularized human lung 2524:2548 Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. 31751810 8 104 theme decellularized 1761:1774 arg1 lungs 1782:1786 decellularized human lungs 1761:1786 decellularized human lungs 1761:1786 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 2 105 theme decellularization 485:501 arg1 approach 503:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 9 106 from schemes 1904:1910 arg1 use 1836:1838 use 1836:1838 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1836:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 4 107 theme time 900:903 arg1 influence 865:873 No significant influence 850:873 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age 850:922 No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. 31751810 1 108 theme proteoglycans 325:337 arg1 role 290:293 functional role 279:293 functional role 279:293 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 108 theme proteoglycans 325:337 arg1 scaffolds 239:247 the scaffolds 235:247 the scaffolds 235:247 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 108 theme proteoglycans 325:337 arg1 chains 379:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 108 theme proteoglycans 325:337 arg1 composition 263:273 the detailed composition 250:273 the detailed composition 250:273 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 109 theme bioengineering 156:169 arg1 schemes 171:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 7 110 theme chains 1499:1504 arg1 loss 1450:1453 loss 1450:1453 loss 1450:1453 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 2 111 theme utilized 460:467 arg1 approach 503:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach 449:510 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 0 112 from role 11:14 arg1 matrix 75:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 10 113 theme growth 2375:2380 arg1 factors 2382:2388 matrix-associated growth factors 2357:2388 matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation 2357:2433 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 9 114 theme detailed 1987:1994 arg1 composition 1996:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 the detailed composition 1983:2006 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 5 115 theme matrix-associated 1089:1105 arg1 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 FGF2 1122:1125 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 115 theme matrix-associated 1089:1105 arg1 factors 1114:1120 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1 1085:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 115 theme matrix-associated 1089:1105 arg1 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 HGF 1128:1130 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 5 115 theme matrix-associated 1089:1105 arg1 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 TGFβ1 1137:1141 Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. 31751810 1 116 from schemes 171:177 arg1 use 103:105 use 103:105 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 103:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 117 theme autopsy 521:527 arg1 lungs 529:533 human autopsy lungs 515:533 human autopsy lungs 515:533 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 2 118 theme sulfate 652:658 arg1 depletion 584:592 depletion 584:592 depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 584:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 1 119 dep ex 143:144 arg1 vivo 146:149 vivo 146:149 vivo 146:149 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 120 theme disproportionate 547:562 arg1 losses 564:569 disproportionate losses 547:569 disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 547:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 31751810 10 121 theme critical 2390:2397 arg1 factors 2382:2388 matrix-associated growth factors 2357:2388 matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation 2357:2433 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 1 122 theme glycosaminoglycan 355:371 arg1 chains 379:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains 349:384 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 123 theme extracellular 2031:2043 arg1 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 PGs 2073:2075 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 123 theme extracellular 2031:2043 arg1 proteoglycans 2058:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans 2031:2070 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) 2031:2076 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 0 124 theme glycosaminoglycans 19:36 arg1 role 11:14 Functional role 0:14 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 0:81 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 1 125 theme functional 279:288 arg1 role 290:293 functional role 279:293 functional role 279:293 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 126 from scaffolds 130:138 arg1 schemes 171:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes 143:177 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 0 127 theme decellularized 41:54 arg1 matrix 75:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 10 128 dep cell 2403:2406 arg1 differentiation 2419:2433 differentiation 2419:2433 differentiation 2419:2433 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 10 128 dep cell 2403:2406 arg1 growth 2408:2413 growth 2408:2413 growth 2408:2413 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 7 129 theme GAGs 1486:1489 arg1 loss 1450:1453 loss 1450:1453 loss 1450:1453 In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. 31751810 8 130 theme factor 1629:1634 arg1 replenishment 1636:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment 1596:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment 1596:1648 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 0 131 theme extracellular 61:73 arg1 matrix 75:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 decellularized lung extracellular matrix 41:80 Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. 31751810 1 132 theme matrix 312:317 arg1 PGs 340:342 PGs 340:342 PGs 340:342 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 1 132 theme matrix 312:317 arg1 proteoglycans 325:337 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans 298:337 extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) 298:343 Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 8 133 theme growth 1622:1627 arg1 factor 1629:1634 matrix-associated growth factor 1604:1634 matrix-associated growth factor 1604:1634 GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. 31751810 9 134 theme decellularized 1843:1856 arg1 scaffolds 1863:1871 decellularized lung scaffolds 1843:1871 decellularized lung scaffolds 1843:1871 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 9 134 theme decellularized 1843:1856 arg1 use 1923:1925 use 1923:1925 use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1923:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 10 135 theme matrix-associated 2357:2373 arg1 factors 2382:2388 matrix-associated growth factors 2357:2388 matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation 2357:2433 In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. 31751810 12 136 theme considering 2646:2656 arg1 GAGs 2658:2661 considering GAGs 2646:2661 considering GAGs 2646:2661 These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives. 31751810 9 137 theme scaffolds 1863:1871 arg1 use 1836:1838 use 1836:1838 use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs 1836:2151 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. 31751810 2 138 with GAGs 574:577 arg1 depletion 584:592 depletion 584:592 depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA) 584:686 Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). 30391892 4 0 theme synergistic 957:967 arg1 effects 969:975 the synergistic effects 953:975 the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD 953:1067 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 1 1 theme β-cyclodextrin 237:250 arg1 reaction 225:232 the reaction 221:232 the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin 221:289 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 5 2 theme ACD 1130:1132 arg1 favorable 1138:1146 favorable 1138:1146 favorable 1138:1146 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 5 2 theme ACD 1130:1132 arg1 presence 1118:1125 the presence 1114:1125 the presence of ACD 1114:1132 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 2 3 with complexation 388:399 arg1 NC 426:427 NC 426:427 NC 426:427 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 2 3 with complexation 388:399 arg1 Pb2+ 434:437 Pb2+ 434:437 Pb2+ 434:437 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 2 3 with complexation 388:399 arg1 Coccine 417:423 New Coccine 413:423 New Coccine (NC) 413:428 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 5 4 from acceleration 1155:1166 arg1 system 1263:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 5 5 theme NC 1321:1322 arg1 constants 1308:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants 1275:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD 1275:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 5 6 theme Pb2+ 1328:1331 arg1 constants 1308:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants 1275:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD 1275:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 6 7 theme combined 1401:1408 arg1 system 1420:1425 the combined pollution system 1397:1425 the combined pollution system 1397:1425 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 4 8 theme photocatalytic 829:842 arg1 degradation 844:854 the photocatalytic degradation 825:854 the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 825:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 7 9 theme transfer 1652:1659 arg1 improvement 1606:1616 the improvement 1602:1616 the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface 1602:1684 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 3 10 theme oxide 672:676 arg1 sheets 678:683 the graphene oxide sheets 659:683 the graphene oxide sheets 659:683 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 1 11 theme hydrothermal 363:374 arg1 method 376:381 a hydrothermal method 361:381 a hydrothermal method 361:381 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 3 12 theme similar 700:706 arg1 pattern 712:718 a similar XRD pattern 698:718 a similar XRD pattern 698:718 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 6 13 theme NC 1486:1487 arg1 conversion 1472:1481 the simultaneous conversion 1455:1481 the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions 1455:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 0 14 theme acid-β-cyclodextrin 132:150 arg1 presence 111:118 the presence 107:118 the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin 107:150 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 7 15 theme transfer 1634:1641 arg1 improvement 1606:1616 the improvement 1602:1616 the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface 1602:1684 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 5 16 theme NC 1199:1200 arg1 reduction 1221:1229 photocatalytic reduction 1206:1229 photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 1206:1237 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 5 16 theme NC 1199:1200 arg1 oxidation 1186:1194 photocatalytic oxidation 1171:1194 photocatalytic oxidation of NC 1171:1200 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 3 17 theme SEM 574:576 arg1 images 578:583 XRD analysis and SEM images 557:583 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 557:594 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 3 18 theme typical 760:766 arg1 peak 780:783 the typical diffraction peak 756:783 the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase 756:800 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 4 19 theme Pb2+ 894:897 arg1 NC 859:860 NC 859:860 NC 859:860 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 4 19 theme Pb2+ 894:897 arg1 reduction 881:889 photocatalytic reduction 866:889 photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 866:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 5 20 theme photocatalytic 1206:1219 arg1 reduction 1221:1229 photocatalytic reduction 1206:1229 photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 1206:1237 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 1 21 theme GO-TiO2 317:323 arg1 catalyst 336:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 3 22 theme analysis 561:568 arg1 images 578:583 XRD analysis and SEM images 557:583 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 557:594 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 1 23 theme composite 326:334 arg1 catalyst 336:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 3 24 theme anatase 788:794 arg1 phase 796:800 anatase phase 788:800 anatase phase 788:800 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 5 25 theme oxidation 1186:1194 arg1 acceleration 1155:1166 the acceleration 1151:1166 the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system 1151:1268 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 3 26 theme TiO2 732:735 arg1 nanoparticles 737:749 the pure TiO2 nanoparticles 723:749 the pure TiO2 nanoparticles 723:749 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 0 27 theme graphene 74:81 arg1 composite 94:102 graphene oxide-TiO2 composite 74:102 graphene oxide-TiO2 composite 74:102 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 4 28 theme reduction 881:889 arg1 degradation 844:854 the photocatalytic degradation 825:854 the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 825:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 5 29 theme single 1246:1251 arg1 system 1263:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 1 30 theme aspartic 257:264 arg1 acid 266:269 aspartic acid 257:269 aspartic acid 257:269 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 4 31 dep degradation 1015:1025 arg1 reduction 1036:1044 reduction 1036:1044 reduction 1036:1044 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 7 32 theme photocatalytic 1560:1573 arg1 activity 1575:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 6 33 theme Pb2+ 1493:1496 arg1 conversion 1472:1481 the simultaneous conversion 1455:1481 the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions 1455:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 7 34 theme ACD 1547:1549 arg1 activity 1575:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 0 35 theme New 24:26 arg1 degradation 36:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 7 36 from improvement 1606:1616 arg1 interface 1676:1684 the GO-TiO2 interface 1664:1684 the GO-TiO2 interface 1664:1684 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 7 37 theme electron 1625:1632 arg1 transfer 1634:1641 electron transfer 1625:1641 electron transfer 1625:1641 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 4 38 theme pollution 931:939 arg1 system 941:946 the single pollution system 920:946 the single pollution system 920:946 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 5 39 theme rate 1303:1306 arg1 constants 1308:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants 1275:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD 1275:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 0 40 theme Pb 52:53 arg1 reduction 59:67 Pb(II) reduction 52:67 Pb(II) reduction 52:67 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 1 41 theme oxide-TiO2 305:314 arg1 catalyst 336:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 4 42 theme photocatalytic 997:1010 arg1 degradation 1015:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 3 43 theme TiO2 606:609 arg1 platelets 611:619 TiO2 platelets 606:619 TiO2 platelets 606:619 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 7 44 from interface 1676:1684 arg1 improvement 1606:1616 the improvement 1602:1616 the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface 1602:1684 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 7 44 from interface 1676:1684 arg1 transfer 1634:1641 electron transfer 1625:1641 electron transfer 1625:1641 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 7 44 from interface 1676:1684 arg1 transfer 1652:1659 mass transfer 1647:1659 mass transfer 1647:1659 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 5 45 theme photocatalytic 1279:1292 arg1 constants 1308:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants 1275:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD 1275:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 7 46 theme GO-TiO2 1668:1674 arg1 interface 1676:1684 the GO-TiO2 interface 1664:1684 the GO-TiO2 interface 1664:1684 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 3 47 theme graphene 663:670 arg1 sheets 678:683 the graphene oxide sheets 659:683 the graphene oxide sheets 659:683 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 5 48 theme ACD 1352:1354 arg1 presence 1340:1347 the presence 1336:1347 the presence of ACD 1336:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 4 49 theme ACD 1065:1067 arg1 presence 1053:1060 the presence 1049:1060 the presence of ACD 1049:1067 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 6 50 theme pollution 1410:1418 arg1 system 1420:1425 the combined pollution system 1397:1425 the combined pollution system 1397:1425 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 1 51 theme aspartic 167:174 arg1 ACD 197:199 ACD 197:199 ACD 197:199 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 1 51 theme aspartic 167:174 arg1 acid-β-cyclodextrin 176:194 aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin 167:194 aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) 167:200 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 7 52 theme mass 1647:1650 arg1 transfer 1652:1659 mass transfer 1647:1659 mass transfer 1647:1659 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 3 53 theme sheets 678:683 arg1 sides 650:654 both sides 645:654 both sides of the graphene oxide sheets 645:683 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 0 54 theme aspartic 123:130 arg1 acid-β-cyclodextrin 132:150 aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin 123:150 aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin 123:150 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 3 55 theme XRD 708:710 arg1 pattern 712:718 a similar XRD pattern 698:718 a similar XRD pattern 698:718 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 6 56 from conversion 1472:1481 arg1 solutions 1509:1517 aqueous solutions 1501:1517 aqueous solutions 1501:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 6 57 theme simultaneous 1459:1470 arg1 conversion 1472:1481 the simultaneous conversion 1455:1481 the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions 1455:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 4 58 theme ACD 818:820 arg1 effects 807:813 The effects 803:813 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 803:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 3 59 theme pure 727:730 arg1 nanoparticles 737:749 the pure TiO2 nanoparticles 723:749 the pure TiO2 nanoparticles 723:749 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 4 60 from effects 807:813 arg1 degradation 844:854 the photocatalytic degradation 825:854 the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 825:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 3 61 theme XRD 557:559 arg1 analysis 561:568 XRD analysis 557:568 XRD analysis 557:568 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 6 62 from effects 1444:1450 arg1 conversion 1472:1481 the simultaneous conversion 1455:1481 the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions 1455:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 3 63 theme diffraction 768:778 arg1 peak 780:783 the typical diffraction peak 756:783 the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase 756:800 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 6 64 theme synergistic 1432:1442 arg1 effects 1444:1450 the synergistic effects 1428:1450 the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions 1428:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 4 65 from effects 969:975 arg1 presence 1053:1060 the presence 1049:1060 the presence of ACD 1049:1067 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 4 65 from effects 969:975 arg1 Pb2+ 1031:1034 Pb2+ 1031:1034 Pb2+ 1031:1034 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 4 65 from effects 969:975 arg1 degradation 1015:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 5 66 theme photocatalytic 1171:1184 arg1 oxidation 1186:1194 photocatalytic oxidation 1171:1194 photocatalytic oxidation of NC 1171:1200 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 0 67 theme oxide-TiO2 83:92 arg1 composite 94:102 graphene oxide-TiO2 composite 74:102 graphene oxide-TiO2 composite 74:102 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 3 68 theme phase 796:800 arg1 peak 780:783 the typical diffraction peak 756:783 the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase 756:800 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 4 69 theme NC 859:860 arg1 degradation 844:854 the photocatalytic degradation 825:854 the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 825:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 7 70 dep transfer 1634:1641 arg1 the 1621:1623 the 1621:1623 the 1621:1623 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 4 71 theme photocatalytic 866:879 arg1 reduction 881:889 photocatalytic reduction 866:889 photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 866:897 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 5 72 theme pollution 1253:1261 arg1 system 1263:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 the single pollution system 1242:1268 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 0 73 theme photocatalytic 9:22 arg1 degradation 36:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 5 74 theme reduction 1221:1229 arg1 acceleration 1155:1166 the acceleration 1151:1166 the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system 1151:1268 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 0 75 theme Coccine 28:34 arg1 degradation 36:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 photocatalytic New Coccine degradation 9:46 Enhanced photocatalytic New Coccine degradation and Pb(II) reduction over graphene oxide-TiO2 composite in the presence of aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin. 30391892 7 76 theme enhanced 1551:1558 arg1 activity 1575:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity 1547:1582 ACD enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the improvement of the electron transfer and mass transfer at the GO-TiO2 interface. 30391892 5 77 from constants 1308:1316 arg1 presence 1340:1347 the presence 1336:1347 the presence of ACD 1336:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 2 78 theme New 413:415 arg1 NC 426:427 NC 426:427 NC 426:427 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 2 78 theme New 413:415 arg1 Coccine 417:423 New Coccine 413:423 New Coccine (NC) 413:428 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 3 79 theme GO-TiO2 588:594 arg1 images 578:583 XRD analysis and SEM images 557:583 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 557:594 XRD analysis and SEM images of GO-TiO2 show that TiO2 platelets are well distributed on both sides of the graphene oxide sheets, and display a similar XRD pattern to the pure TiO2 nanoparticles with the typical diffraction peak of anatase phase. 30391892 5 80 theme Pb2+ 1234:1237 arg1 reduction 1221:1229 photocatalytic reduction 1206:1229 photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ 1206:1237 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 5 80 theme Pb2+ 1234:1237 arg1 oxidation 1186:1194 photocatalytic oxidation 1171:1194 photocatalytic oxidation of NC 1171:1200 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 2 81 theme ACD 404:406 arg1 complexation 388:399 The complexation 384:399 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ 384:437 The complexation of ACD with New Coccine (NC) and Pb2+ was characterized with FT-IR and XPS, respectively, the results show that ACD can simultaneously complex NC and Pb2+. 30391892 5 82 theme reaction 1294:1301 arg1 constants 1308:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants 1275:1316 the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD 1275:1354 The results showed that the presence of ACD was favorable to the acceleration of photocatalytic oxidation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ in the single pollution system, and the photocatalytic reaction rate constants of NC and Pb2+ in the presence of ACD increased 58% and 42%, respectively. 30391892 1 83 theme graphene 296:303 arg1 catalyst 336:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst 296:343 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 4 84 theme single 924:929 arg1 system 941:946 the single pollution system 920:946 the single pollution system 920:946 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 6 85 theme aqueous 1501:1507 arg1 solutions 1509:1517 aqueous solutions 1501:1517 aqueous solutions 1501:1517 For the combined pollution system, the synergistic effects on the simultaneous conversion of NC and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were also further enhanced. 30391892 4 86 theme simultaneous 984:995 arg1 degradation 1015:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 30391892 1 87 with reaction 225:232 arg1 epichlorohydrin 275:289 epichlorohydrin 275:289 epichlorohydrin 275:289 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 1 87 with reaction 225:232 arg1 acid 266:269 aspartic acid 257:269 aspartic acid 257:269 In this work, aspartic acid-β-cyclodextrin (ACD) was synthesized by the reaction of β-cyclodextrin with aspartic acid and epichlorohydrin, and graphene oxide-TiO2 (GO-TiO2) composite catalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method. 30391892 4 88 theme NC 1012:1013 arg1 degradation 1015:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation 980:1025 The effects of ACD on the photocatalytic degradation of NC and photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ were investigated in the single pollution system, and the synergistic effects on the simultaneous photocatalytic NC degradation and Pb2+ reduction in the presence of ACD were also evaluated. 29772341 0 0 theme cross-linked 87:98 arg1 bio-composite 100:112 cross-linked bio-composite 87:112 cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye 87:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 7 1 theme time 1189:1192 arg1 dependence 1194:1203 the time dependence 1185:1203 the time dependence of adsorption process 1185:1225 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 4 2 theme FTIR 682:685 arg1 analysis 687:694 The FTIR analysis 678:694 The FTIR analysis 678:694 The FTIR analysis reveals the nature of the binding sites and surface morphology of the bio-composite can be understood through SEM. 29772341 2 3 theme components 542:551 arg1 components 542:551 the components 538:551 the components of the bio-composite 538:572 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 3 theme components 542:551 arg1 one 531:533 one 531:533 one 531:533 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 1 4 theme industrial 345:354 arg1 dye 356:358 the industrial dye 341:358 the industrial dye 341:358 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 5 link cross-linked 204:215 arg1 bio-composite 217:229 a cross-linked bio-composite 202:229 a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution 202:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 6 6 theme rotation 1065:1072 arg1 speed 1074:1078 rotation speed 1065:1078 rotation speed 1065:1078 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 6 6 theme rotation 1065:1072 arg1 Parameters 1014:1023 Parameters 1014:1023 Parameters like adsorbent dosage 1014:1045 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 9 7 theme desorption 1425:1434 arg1 studies 1436:1442 desorption studies 1425:1442 desorption studies 1425:1442 Finally, desorption studies have been successfully performed in 3 cycles, establishing the reusability of the material, which should allow the adsorbent to be economically promising for practical application in wastewater treatment. 29772341 0 8 theme adsorbent 114:122 arg1 bio-composite 100:112 cross-linked bio-composite 87:112 cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye 87:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 1 9 theme dye 356:358 arg1 glutaraldehyde 289:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 9 theme dye 356:358 arg1 application 312:322 its application 308:322 its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution 308:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 9 theme dye 356:358 arg1 oxide 254:258 graphene oxide 245:258 graphene oxide 245:258 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 9 theme dye 356:358 arg1 starch 268:273 potato starch 261:273 potato starch 261:273 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 6 10 theme suitable 1136:1143 arg1 conditions 1160:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 4 11 theme surface 740:746 arg1 morphology 748:757 surface morphology 740:757 surface morphology of the bio-composite 740:778 The FTIR analysis reveals the nature of the binding sites and surface morphology of the bio-composite can be understood through SEM. 29772341 5 12 dep precipitation 866:878 arg1 i.e. 856:859 i.e. 856:859 i.e. 856:859 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 1 13 theme potato 261:266 arg1 starch 268:273 potato starch 261:273 potato starch 261:273 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 9 14 theme material 1526:1533 arg1 reusability 1507:1517 the reusability 1503:1517 the reusability 1503:1517 Finally, desorption studies have been successfully performed in 3 cycles, establishing the reusability of the material, which should allow the adsorbent to be economically promising for practical application in wastewater treatment. 29772341 1 15 from application 312:322 arg1 solution 390:397 aqueous solution 382:397 aqueous solution 382:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 6 16 theme adsorption 1149:1158 arg1 conditions 1160:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 7 17 theme pseudo-first 1251:1262 arg1 kinetics 1288:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 2 18 theme material 519:526 arg1 selection 499:507 the selection 495:507 the selection of starch material 495:526 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 1 19 from glutaraldehyde 289:302 arg1 solution 390:397 aqueous solution 382:397 aqueous solution 382:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 6 20 theme dye 1145:1147 arg1 conditions 1160:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 the suitable dye adsorption conditions 1132:1169 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 2 21 theme starch 512:517 arg1 material 519:526 starch material 512:526 starch material 512:526 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 1 22 theme blue 371:374 arg1 dye 356:358 the industrial dye 341:358 the industrial dye 341:358 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 2 23 theme easy 446:449 arg1 inexpensiveness 404:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 23 theme easy 446:449 arg1 nature 435:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 23 theme easy 446:449 arg1 bio-degradability 451:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 23 theme easy 446:449 arg1 reasons 483:489 the major reasons 473:489 the major reasons for the selection of starch material 473:526 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 5 24 theme adsorbent 846:854 arg1 separability 826:837 The auto-phase separability 811:837 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means 811:924 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 5 24 theme adsorbent 846:854 arg1 factor 937:942 another factor 929:942 another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent 929:1011 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 2 25 theme major 477:481 arg1 inexpensiveness 404:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 25 theme major 477:481 arg1 nature 435:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 25 theme major 477:481 arg1 bio-degradability 451:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 25 theme major 477:481 arg1 reasons 483:489 the major reasons 473:489 the major reasons for the selection of starch material 473:526 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 7 26 theme order 1282:1286 arg1 kinetics 1288:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 1 27 from oxide 254:258 arg1 solution 390:397 aqueous solution 382:397 aqueous solution 382:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 8 28 theme mechanistic 1367:1377 arg1 pathway 1379:1385 convincing mechanistic pathway 1356:1385 convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process 1356:1413 The adsorption isotherms have been constructed to suggest convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process. 29772341 8 29 theme convincing 1356:1365 arg1 pathway 1379:1385 convincing mechanistic pathway 1356:1385 convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process 1356:1413 The adsorption isotherms have been constructed to suggest convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process. 29772341 3 30 theme particle 635:642 arg1 size 644:647 particle size 635:647 particle size 635:647 The bio-composite has been characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, particle size and zeta potential analysis. 29772341 0 31 theme auto-phase 18:27 arg1 starch 74:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 1 32 theme cross-linker 276:287 arg1 glutaraldehyde 289:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 0 33 theme methylene 139:147 arg1 dye 154:156 methylene blue dye 139:156 methylene blue dye 139:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 4 34 theme sites 730:734 arg1 nature 708:713 the nature 704:713 the nature of the binding sites 704:734 The FTIR analysis reveals the nature of the binding sites and surface morphology of the bio-composite can be understood through SEM. 29772341 2 35 theme non-hazardous 421:433 arg1 inexpensiveness 404:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness 400:418 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 35 theme non-hazardous 421:433 arg1 nature 435:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 non-hazardous nature 421:440 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 35 theme non-hazardous 421:433 arg1 bio-degradability 451:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 easy bio-degradability 446:467 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 2 35 theme non-hazardous 421:433 arg1 reasons 483:489 the major reasons 473:489 the major reasons for the selection of starch material 473:526 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 1 36 from starch 268:273 arg1 solution 390:397 aqueous solution 382:397 aqueous solution 382:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 4 37 theme binding 722:728 arg1 sites 730:734 the binding sites 718:734 the binding sites 718:734 The FTIR analysis reveals the nature of the binding sites and surface morphology of the bio-composite can be understood through SEM. 29772341 9 38 from application 1612:1622 arg1 treatment 1638:1646 wastewater treatment 1627:1646 wastewater treatment 1627:1646 Finally, desorption studies have been successfully performed in 3 cycles, establishing the reusability of the material, which should allow the adsorbent to be economically promising for practical application in wastewater treatment. 29772341 5 39 theme auto-phase 815:824 arg1 separability 826:837 The auto-phase separability 811:837 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means 811:924 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 5 39 theme auto-phase 815:824 arg1 factor 937:942 another factor 929:942 another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent 929:1011 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 0 40 theme dye 154:156 arg1 removal 128:134 removal 128:134 removal of methylene blue dye 128:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 1 41 theme aqueous 382:388 arg1 solution 390:397 aqueous solution 382:397 aqueous solution 382:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 6 42 theme adsorbent 1030:1038 arg1 dosage 1040:1045 adsorbent dosage 1030:1045 adsorbent dosage 1030:1045 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 0 43 theme separable 29:37 arg1 starch 74:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 0 44 theme blue 149:152 arg1 dye 154:156 methylene blue dye 139:156 methylene blue dye 139:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 8 45 theme adsorption 1396:1405 arg1 process 1407:1413 this adsorption process 1391:1413 this adsorption process 1391:1413 The adsorption isotherms have been constructed to suggest convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process. 29772341 0 46 link cross-linked 87:98 arg1 bio-composite 100:112 cross-linked bio-composite 87:112 cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye 87:156 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 1 47 theme cross-linked 204:215 arg1 bio-composite 217:229 a cross-linked bio-composite 202:229 a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution 202:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 0 48 theme graphene 52:59 arg1 starch 74:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 1 49 from solution 390:397 arg1 glutaraldehyde 289:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 cross-linker glutaraldehyde 276:302 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 49 from solution 390:397 arg1 application 312:322 its application 308:322 its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution 308:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 49 from solution 390:397 arg1 dye 356:358 the industrial dye 341:358 the industrial dye 341:358 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 49 from solution 390:397 arg1 oxide 254:258 graphene oxide 245:258 graphene oxide 245:258 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 1 49 from solution 390:397 arg1 starch 268:273 potato starch 261:273 potato starch 261:273 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 7 50 theme adsorption 1208:1217 arg1 process 1219:1225 adsorption process 1208:1225 adsorption process 1208:1225 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 9 51 theme wastewater 1627:1636 arg1 treatment 1638:1646 wastewater treatment 1627:1646 wastewater treatment 1627:1646 Finally, desorption studies have been successfully performed in 3 cycles, establishing the reusability of the material, which should allow the adsorbent to be economically promising for practical application in wastewater treatment. 29772341 5 52 theme adsorbent 887:895 arg1 precipitation 866:878 the precipitation 862:878 the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means 862:924 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 0 53 theme reusable 43:50 arg1 starch 74:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 3 54 theme zeta 653:656 arg1 analysis 668:675 zeta potential analysis 653:675 zeta potential analysis 653:675 The bio-composite has been characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, particle size and zeta potential analysis. 29772341 7 55 theme pseudo-second 1268:1280 arg1 kinetics 1288:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics 1251:1295 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 2 56 theme bio-composite 560:572 arg1 components 542:551 the components 538:551 the components of the bio-composite 538:572 The inexpensiveness, non-hazardous nature and easy bio-degradability are the major reasons for the selection of starch material as one of the components of the bio-composite. 29772341 3 57 theme potential 658:666 arg1 analysis 668:675 zeta potential analysis 653:675 zeta potential analysis 653:675 The bio-composite has been characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, particle size and zeta potential analysis. 29772341 4 58 theme bio-composite 766:778 arg1 morphology 748:757 surface morphology 740:757 surface morphology of the bio-composite 740:778 The FTIR analysis reveals the nature of the binding sites and surface morphology of the bio-composite can be understood through SEM. 29772341 9 59 theme practical 1602:1610 arg1 application 1612:1622 practical application 1602:1622 practical application in wastewater treatment 1602:1646 Finally, desorption studies have been successfully performed in 3 cycles, establishing the reusability of the material, which should allow the adsorbent to be economically promising for practical application in wastewater treatment. 29772341 1 60 theme bio-composite 217:229 arg1 development 187:197 the development 183:197 the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution 183:397 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 29772341 5 61 theme particular 961:970 arg1 material 972:979 this particular material 956:979 this particular material 956:979 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 5 62 theme mechanical 909:918 arg1 means 920:924 any mechanical means 905:924 any mechanical means 905:924 The auto-phase separability of the adsorbent i.e., the precipitation of the adsorbent without any mechanical means is another factor which makes this particular material very attractive as an adsorbent. 29772341 0 63 theme starch 74:79 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 0:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 6 64 theme salt 1084:1087 arg1 concentration 1089:1101 salt concentration 1084:1101 salt concentration 1084:1101 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 6 64 theme salt 1084:1087 arg1 Parameters 1014:1023 Parameters 1014:1023 Parameters like adsorbent dosage 1014:1045 Parameters like adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, rotation speed and salt concentration have been varied to find out the suitable dye adsorption conditions. 29772341 0 65 theme oxide-potato 61:72 arg1 starch 74:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch 15:79 Development of an auto-phase separable and reusable graphene oxide-potato starch based cross-linked bio-composite adsorbent for removal of methylene blue dye. 29772341 8 66 theme adsorption 1302:1311 arg1 isotherms 1313:1321 The adsorption isotherms 1298:1321 The adsorption isotherms 1298:1321 The adsorption isotherms have been constructed to suggest convincing mechanistic pathway for this adsorption process. 29772341 7 67 theme process 1219:1225 arg1 dependence 1194:1203 the time dependence 1185:1203 the time dependence of adsorption process 1185:1225 Furthermore, the time dependence of adsorption process has been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetics. 29772341 1 68 theme graphene 245:252 arg1 oxide 254:258 graphene oxide 245:258 graphene oxide 245:258 In this work, we report the development of a cross-linked bio-composite consisting of graphene oxide, potato starch, cross-linker glutaraldehyde and its application to adsorption of the industrial dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. 30017990 5 0 theme films 759:763 arg1 stability 736:744 The thermal stability 724:744 The thermal stability of composite films 724:763 The thermal stability of composite films has not changed after AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation. 30017990 7 1 theme AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 arg1 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 7 1 theme AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 arg1 % 1020:1020 7 wt% 1016:1020 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP 1016:1036 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 1 2 theme surface 190:196 arg1 activation 198:207 surface activation 190:207 surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) 190:300 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 1 3 theme oxide 274:278 arg1 deposition 255:264 deposition 255:264 deposition of zinc oxide 255:278 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 1 3 theme oxide 274:278 arg1 hydroxide 241:249 sodium hydroxide 234:249 sodium hydroxide 234:249 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 6 4 theme AT-Hal/ZnONP 819:830 arg1 films 854:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 0 5 theme oxide 116:120 arg1 nanoparticles 122:134 zinc oxide nanoparticles 111:134 zinc oxide nanoparticles 111:134 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 2 6 theme surface 307:313 arg1 charge 315:320 The surface charge 303:320 The surface charge of Hal 303:327 The surface charge of Hal was changed from 0.18 ± 0.6 mV to -35.2 ± 2.8 mV after alkali treatment. 30017990 4 7 theme Alginate 585:592 arg1 films 594:598 Alginate films 585:598 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP 585:616 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 0 8 theme zinc 111:114 arg1 nanoparticles 122:134 zinc oxide nanoparticles 111:134 zinc oxide nanoparticles 111:134 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 3 9 theme AT-Hal/ZnONP 538:549 arg1 concentration 521:533 different concentration 511:533 different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate) 511:582 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 4 10 theme barrier 704:710 arg1 properties 712:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 5 11 theme thermal 728:734 arg1 stability 736:744 The thermal stability 724:744 The thermal stability of composite films 724:763 The thermal stability of composite films has not changed after AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation. 30017990 4 12 theme light 698:702 arg1 properties 712:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 3 13 dep concentration 521:533 arg1 alginate 574:581 alginate 574:581 alginate 574:581 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 13 dep concentration 521:533 arg1 % 569:569 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% 552:569 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate 552:581 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 14 theme alginate 462:469 arg1 biopolymer 471:480 alginate biopolymer 462:480 alginate biopolymer 462:480 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 6 15 theme pathogenic 922:931 arg1 bacteria 933:940 food-borne pathogenic bacteria 911:940 food-borne pathogenic bacteria 911:940 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 1 16 theme halloysite 212:221 arg1 activation 198:207 surface activation 190:207 surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) 190:300 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 0 17 theme nanocomposite 15:27 arg1 films 29:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films 0:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films 0:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 6 18 theme food-borne 911:920 arg1 bacteria 933:940 food-borne pathogenic bacteria 911:940 food-borne pathogenic bacteria 911:940 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 7 19 theme treatment 1122:1130 arg1 treatment 1122:1130 treatment 1122:1130 treatment 1122:1130 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 7 19 theme treatment 1122:1130 arg1 3 1109:1109 3 1109:1109 3 1109:1109 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 7 20 theme nanocomposite 992:1004 arg1 film 1006:1009 The nanocomposite film 988:1009 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP 988:1036 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 4 21 theme water 670:674 arg1 barrier 682:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 0 22 theme Alginate-based 0:13 arg1 films 29:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films 0:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films 0:33 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 2 23 theme Hal 325:327 arg1 charge 315:320 The surface charge 303:320 The surface charge of Hal 303:327 The surface charge of Hal was changed from 0.18 ± 0.6 mV to -35.2 ± 2.8 mV after alkali treatment. 30017990 4 24 from increase 642:649 arg1 properties 712:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 3 25 theme reinforcing 487:497 arg1 Hal 421:423 The functionalized Hal 402:423 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) 402:438 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 25 theme reinforcing 487:497 arg1 filler 499:504 a reinforcing filler 485:504 a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate) 485:582 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 7 26 theme complete 1048:1055 arg1 sterilization 1057:1069 complete sterilization 1048:1069 complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes 1048:1101 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 4 27 dep barrier 682:688 arg1 the 654:656 the 654:656 the 654:656 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 0 28 theme halloysite 51:60 arg1 nanotubes 62:70 halloysite nanotubes 51:70 halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles 51:134 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 4 29 theme UV 695:696 arg1 light 698:702 UV light 695:702 UV light 695:702 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 1 30 theme sodium 234:239 arg1 hydroxide 241:249 sodium hydroxide 234:249 sodium hydroxide 234:249 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 4 31 theme mechanical 658:667 arg1 barrier 682:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 7 32 with film 1006:1009 arg1 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 AT-Hal/ZnONP 1025:1036 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 7 32 with film 1006:1009 arg1 % 1020:1020 7 wt% 1016:1020 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP 1016:1036 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 3 33 with filler 499:504 arg1 concentration 521:533 different concentration 511:533 different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate) 511:582 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 6 34 theme antibacterial 880:892 arg1 activity 894:901 strong antibacterial activity 873:901 strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes 873:985 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 1 35 theme hydroxide 241:249 arg1 nanoparticles 280:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles 234:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) 234:300 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 1 35 theme hydroxide 241:249 arg1 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 7 36 theme monocytogenes 1089:1101 arg1 sterilization 1057:1069 complete sterilization 1048:1069 complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes 1048:1101 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 6 37 theme strong 873:878 arg1 activity 894:901 strong antibacterial activity 873:901 strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes 873:985 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 3 38 theme alginate 574:581 arg1 alginate 574:581 alginate 574:581 alginate 574:581 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 38 theme alginate 574:581 arg1 % 569:569 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% 552:569 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate 552:581 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 7 39 theme coli 1077:1080 arg1 sterilization 1057:1069 complete sterilization 1048:1069 complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes 1048:1101 The nanocomposite film with 7 wt% of AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited complete sterilization of E. coli and L. monocytogenes after 3 and 9 h of treatment, respectively. 30017990 1 40 theme Functionalized 137:150 arg1 nanotubes 163:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes 137:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes 137:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 5 41 theme AT-Hal/ZnONP 787:798 arg1 incorporation 800:812 AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation 787:812 AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation 787:812 The thermal stability of composite films has not changed after AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation. 30017990 4 42 with films 594:598 arg1 AT-Hal/ZnONP 605:616 AT-Hal/ZnONP 605:616 AT-Hal/ZnONP 605:616 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 1 43 theme halloysite 152:161 arg1 nanotubes 163:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes 137:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes 137:171 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 4 44 theme vapor 676:680 arg1 barrier 682:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 water vapor barrier 670:688 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 1 45 with halloysite 212:221 arg1 nanoparticles 280:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles 234:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) 234:300 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 1 45 with halloysite 212:221 arg1 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 6 46 theme alginate 845:852 arg1 films 854:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 3 47 theme different 511:519 arg1 concentration 521:533 different concentration 511:533 different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate) 511:582 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 1 48 theme deposition 255:264 arg1 nanoparticles 280:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles 234:292 sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) 234:300 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 1 48 theme deposition 255:264 arg1 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 ZnONP 295:299 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 30017990 0 49 theme alkali 90:95 arg1 treatment 97:105 alkali treatment 90:105 alkali treatment 90:105 Alginate-based nanocomposite films reinforced with halloysite nanotubes functionalized by alkali treatment and zinc oxide nanoparticles. 30017990 6 50 theme incorporated 832:843 arg1 films 854:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films 815:858 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 4 51 theme significant 630:640 arg1 increase 642:649 a significant increase 628:649 a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 628:721 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 4 52 theme barrier 682:688 arg1 properties 712:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties 654:721 Alginate films with AT-Hal/ZnONP exhibited a significant increase in the mechanical, water vapor barrier, and UV light barrier properties. 30017990 3 53 theme functionalized 406:419 arg1 AT-Hal/ZnONP 426:437 AT-Hal/ZnONP 426:437 AT-Hal/ZnONP 426:437 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 53 theme functionalized 406:419 arg1 Hal 421:423 The functionalized Hal 402:423 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) 402:438 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 3 53 theme functionalized 406:419 arg1 filler 499:504 a reinforcing filler 485:504 a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate) 485:582 The functionalized Hal (AT-Hal/ZnONP) was incorporated into alginate biopolymer as a reinforcing filler with different concentration of AT-Hal/ZnONP (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% of alginate). 30017990 5 54 theme composite 749:757 arg1 films 759:763 composite films 749:763 composite films 749:763 The thermal stability of composite films has not changed after AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporation. 30017990 6 55 theme Listeria 964:971 arg1 monocytogenes 973:985 Listeria monocytogenes 964:985 Listeria monocytogenes 964:985 The AT-Hal/ZnONP incorporated alginate films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. 30017990 2 56 theme alkali 384:389 arg1 treatment 391:399 alkali treatment 384:399 alkali treatment 384:399 The surface charge of Hal was changed from 0.18 ± 0.6 mV to -35.2 ± 2.8 mV after alkali treatment. 30017990 1 57 theme zinc 269:272 arg1 oxide 274:278 zinc oxide 269:278 zinc oxide 269:278 Functionalized halloysite nanotubes were prepared by surface activation of halloysite (Hal) with sodium hydroxide and deposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP). 31162611 6 0 theme alpha 1187:1191 arg1 diversity 1193:1201 the alpha diversity 1183:1201 the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota 1183:1226 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 1 theme control 1383:1389 arg1 broilers 1391:1398 control broilers 1383:1398 control broilers 1383:1398 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 2 theme inflammation 1246:1257 arg1 progression 1259:1269 intestinal inflammation progression 1235:1269 intestinal inflammation progression 1235:1269 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 3 3 theme gut 676:678 arg1 composition 691:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 2 4 from inflammation 329:340 arg1 broilers 345:352 broilers 345:352 broilers 345:352 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 3 5 theme broilers 492:499 arg1 health 463:468 the intestinal health 448:468 the intestinal health 448:468 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 5 theme broilers 492:499 arg1 microbiota 478:487 gut microbiota 474:487 gut microbiota 474:487 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 5 6 theme interleukin-10 1124:1137 arg1 level 1115:1119 the level 1111:1119 the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05) 1111:1148 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 7 theme current 359:365 arg1 study 367:371 The current study 355:371 The current study 355:371 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 0 8 from Effects 0:6 arg1 composition 67:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 0 8 from Effects 0:6 arg1 health 41:46 intestinal health 30:46 intestinal health 30:46 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 0 9 theme intestinal 86:95 arg1 inflammation 97:108 intestinal inflammation 86:108 intestinal inflammation 86:108 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 4 10 theme total 874:878 arg1 mucosa 880:885 the total mucosa 870:885 the total mucosa 870:885 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 11 theme dextran 541:547 arg1 sodium 557:562 dextran sulfate sodium 541:562 dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) 541:568 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 11 theme dextran 541:547 arg1 DSS 565:567 DSS 565:567 DSS 565:567 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 5 12 from 300 mg/kg 978:986 arg1 SB 972:973 SB 972:973 SB at 300 mg/kg 972:986 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 13 theme P 1140:1140 arg1 interleukin-10 1124:1137 interleukin-10 1124:1137 interleukin-10 (P < 0.05) 1124:1148 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 13 theme P 1140:1140 arg1 < 1142:1142 P < 0.05 1140:1147 P < 0.05 1140:1147 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 8 14 theme 300 mg/kg 1712:1720 arg1 doses 1705:1709 higher doses 1698:1709 higher doses (300 mg/kg SB) 1698:1724 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 8 14 theme 300 mg/kg 1712:1720 arg1 SB 1722:1723 300 mg/kg SB 1712:1723 300 mg/kg SB 1712:1723 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 0 15 from health 41:46 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation 0:108 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 3 16 with health 463:468 arg1 inflammation 517:528 intestinal inflammation 506:528 intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition 506:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 2 17 theme butyric 269:275 arg1 acid 277:280 butyric acid 269:280 butyric acid 269:280 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 3 18 theme butyrate 403:410 arg1 effect 386:391 the effect 382:391 the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) 382:415 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 18 theme butyrate 403:410 arg1 treatment 435:443 a prophylactic treatment 420:443 a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition 420:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 5 19 with supplementation 951:965 arg1 SB 972:973 SB 972:973 SB at 300 mg/kg 972:986 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 20 theme lesion 790:795 arg1 scores 797:802 the lesion scores 786:802 the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) 786:836 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 6 21 theme treated 1343:1349 arg1 broilers 1351:1358 treated broilers 1343:1358 treated broilers 1343:1358 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 3 22 theme prophylactic 422:433 arg1 effect 386:391 the effect 382:391 the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) 382:415 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 22 theme prophylactic 422:433 arg1 treatment 435:443 a prophylactic treatment 420:443 a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition 420:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 5 23 theme P 1041:1041 arg1 -lactate 1031:1038 -lactate 1031:1038 -lactate (P < 0.05) 1031:1049 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 23 theme P 1041:1041 arg1 < 1043:1043 P < 0.05 1041:1048 P < 0.05 1041:1048 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 24 theme interleukin-6 1052:1064 arg1 levels 1016:1021 the levels 1012:1021 the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) 1012:1095 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 6 25 theme SB 1155:1156 arg1 treatment 1158:1166 The SB treatment 1151:1166 The SB treatment 1151:1166 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 26 theme microbial 1310:1318 arg1 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 26 theme microbial 1310:1318 arg1 structure 1330:1338 the microbial community structure 1306:1338 the microbial community structure of treated broilers 1306:1358 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 4 27 theme DSS 745:747 arg1 administration 749:762 DSS administration 745:762 DSS administration 745:762 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 8 28 theme higher 1698:1703 arg1 doses 1705:1709 higher doses 1698:1709 higher doses (300 mg/kg SB) 1698:1724 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 8 28 theme higher 1698:1703 arg1 SB 1722:1723 300 mg/kg SB 1712:1723 300 mg/kg SB 1712:1723 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 5 29 theme interleukin-1β 1071:1084 arg1 levels 1016:1021 the levels 1012:1021 the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) 1012:1095 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 30 with microbiota 478:487 arg1 inflammation 517:528 intestinal inflammation 506:528 intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition 506:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 7 31 theme intestinal 1538:1547 arg1 progression 1562:1572 intestinal inflammation progression 1538:1572 intestinal inflammation progression 1538:1572 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 1 32 theme animal 186:191 arg1 production 193:202 animal production 186:202 animal production 186:202 Butyric acid is a beneficial feed additive used in animal production, including poultry production. 31162611 0 33 theme butyrate 18:25 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation 0:108 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 8 34 from doses 1705:1709 arg1 effects 1687:1693 anti-inflammatory effects 1669:1693 anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB) 1669:1724 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 2 35 theme prophylactic 287:298 arg1 treatment 300:308 a prophylactic treatment 285:308 a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers 285:352 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 8 36 theme anti-inflammatory 1669:1685 arg1 effects 1687:1693 anti-inflammatory effects 1669:1693 anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB) 1669:1724 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 0 37 theme sodium 11:16 arg1 butyrate 18:25 sodium butyrate 11:25 sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition 11:77 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 4 38 theme P 901:901 arg1 ileum 894:898 the ileum 890:898 the ileum (P < 0.05) 890:909 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 38 theme P 901:901 arg1 < 903:903 P < 0.05 901:908 P < 0.05 901:908 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 39 theme -lactate 1031:1038 arg1 levels 1016:1021 the levels 1012:1021 the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) 1012:1095 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 40 theme intestinal 926:935 arg1 inflammation 937:948 intestinal inflammation 926:948 intestinal inflammation 926:948 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 2 41 from reports 258:264 arg1 acid 277:280 butyric acid 269:280 butyric acid 269:280 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 3 42 theme intestinal 452:461 arg1 health 463:468 the intestinal health 448:468 the intestinal health 448:468 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 0 43 theme intestinal 30:39 arg1 health 41:46 intestinal health 30:46 intestinal health 30:46 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 6 44 theme intestinal 1235:1244 arg1 inflammation 1246:1257 intestinal inflammation 1235:1257 intestinal inflammation progression 1235:1269 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 0 45 from composition 67:77 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation 0:108 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 3 46 from changes 584:590 arg1 composition 691:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 46 from changes 584:590 arg1 cytokines 661:669 inflammatory cytokines 648:669 inflammatory cytokines 648:669 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 46 from changes 584:590 arg1 indicators 636:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 46 from changes 584:590 arg1 histopathology 606:619 intestinal histopathology 595:619 intestinal histopathology 595:619 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 5 47 theme P 1087:1087 arg1 D 1026:1026 D 1026:1026 D 1026:1026 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 5 47 theme P 1087:1087 arg1 < 1089:1089 P < 0.05 1087:1094 P < 0.05 1087:1094 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 48 theme gut 622:624 arg1 indicators 636:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 4 49 theme P 828:828 arg1 bleeding 818:825 bleeding 818:825 bleeding 818:825 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 49 theme P 828:828 arg1 < 830:830 P < 0.05 828:835 P < 0.05 828:835 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 50 from treatment 435:443 arg1 health 463:468 the intestinal health 448:468 the intestinal health 448:468 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 50 from treatment 435:443 arg1 microbiota 478:487 gut microbiota 474:487 gut microbiota 474:487 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 1 51 theme poultry 215:221 arg1 production 223:232 poultry production 215:232 poultry production 215:232 Butyric acid is a beneficial feed additive used in animal production, including poultry production. 31162611 3 52 theme sodium 396:401 arg1 butyrate 403:410 sodium butyrate 396:410 sodium butyrate (SB) 396:415 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 52 theme sodium 396:401 arg1 SB 413:414 SB 413:414 SB 413:414 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 7 53 theme inflammation 1549:1560 arg1 progression 1562:1572 intestinal inflammation progression 1538:1572 intestinal inflammation progression 1538:1572 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 6 54 theme microbiota 1217:1226 arg1 diversity 1193:1201 the alpha diversity 1183:1201 the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota 1183:1226 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 3 55 theme leakiness 626:634 arg1 indicators 636:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 gut leakiness indicators 622:645 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 4 56 theme villus 852:857 arg1 height 859:864 villus height 852:864 villus height 852:864 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 57 theme gut 474:476 arg1 microbiota 478:487 gut microbiota 474:487 gut microbiota 474:487 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 58 theme microbiota 680:689 arg1 composition 691:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 gut microbiota composition 676:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 6 59 theme intestinal 1206:1215 arg1 microbiota 1217:1226 intestinal microbiota 1206:1226 intestinal microbiota 1206:1226 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 5 60 theme D 1026:1026 arg1 levels 1016:1021 the levels 1012:1021 the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) 1012:1095 Regardless of intestinal inflammation, supplementation with SB at 300 mg/kg significantly decreased the levels of D (-)-lactate (P < 0.05), interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β (P < 0.05) but increased the level of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). 31162611 7 61 theme microbial 1594:1602 arg1 community 1604:1612 the microbial community 1590:1612 the microbial community in broilers 1590:1624 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 4 62 theme Sodium 704:709 arg1 butyrate 711:718 Sodium butyrate 704:718 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration 704:762 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 63 theme bleeding 818:825 arg1 scores 797:802 the lesion scores 786:802 the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) 786:836 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 64 theme butyrate 711:718 arg1 supplementation 720:734 Sodium butyrate supplementation 704:734 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration 704:762 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 0 65 from progression 110:120 arg1 broilers 125:132 broilers 125:132 broilers 125:132 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 7 66 from community 1604:1612 arg1 broilers 1617:1624 broilers 1617:1624 broilers 1617:1624 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 1 67 theme Butyric 135:141 arg1 additive 169:176 additive 169:176 additive 169:176 Butyric acid is a beneficial feed additive used in animal production, including poultry production. 31162611 1 67 theme Butyric 135:141 arg1 acid 143:146 Butyric acid 135:146 Butyric acid 135:146 Butyric acid is a beneficial feed additive used in animal production, including poultry production. 31162611 3 68 theme sulfate 549:555 arg1 sodium 557:562 dextran sulfate sodium 541:562 dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) 541:568 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 68 theme sulfate 549:555 arg1 DSS 565:567 DSS 565:567 DSS 565:567 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 7 69 theme anti-inflammatory 1506:1522 arg1 effect 1524:1529 an anti-inflammatory effect 1503:1529 an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression 1503:1572 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 4 70 theme ileum 894:898 arg1 height 859:864 villus height 852:864 villus height 852:864 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 4 70 theme ileum 894:898 arg1 mucosa 880:885 the total mucosa 870:885 the total mucosa 870:885 Sodium butyrate supplementation prior to DSS administration significantly reduced the lesion scores of intestinal bleeding (P < 0.05) and increased villus height and the total mucosa of the ileum (P < 0.05). 31162611 3 71 theme inflammatory 648:659 arg1 cytokines 661:669 inflammatory cytokines 648:669 inflammatory cytokines 648:669 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 2 72 theme few 254:256 arg1 reports 258:264 few reports 254:264 few reports on butyric acid 254:280 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 2 73 theme intestinal 318:327 arg1 inflammation 329:340 intestinal inflammation 318:340 intestinal inflammation in broilers 318:352 However, there are few reports on butyric acid as a prophylactic treatment against intestinal inflammation in broilers. 31162611 6 74 theme broilers 1351:1358 arg1 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 74 theme broilers 1351:1358 arg1 structure 1330:1338 the microbial community structure 1306:1338 the microbial community structure of treated broilers 1306:1358 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 0 75 theme microbiota 56:65 arg1 composition 67:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 7 76 theme intestinal 1470:1479 arg1 development 1481:1491 intestinal development 1470:1491 intestinal development 1470:1491 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 31162611 6 77 theme community 1320:1328 arg1 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 similar 1364:1370 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 6 77 theme community 1320:1328 arg1 structure 1330:1338 the microbial community structure 1306:1338 the microbial community structure of treated broilers 1306:1358 The SB treatment did not affect the alpha diversity of intestinal microbiota during intestinal inflammation progression but altered their composition, and the microbial community structure of treated broilers was similar to that of control broilers. 31162611 0 78 theme gut 52:54 arg1 composition 67:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 0 79 from butyrate 18:25 arg1 composition 67:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 gut microbiota composition 52:77 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 0 79 from butyrate 18:25 arg1 health 41:46 intestinal health 30:46 intestinal health 30:46 Effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal health and gut microbiota composition during intestinal inflammation progression in broilers. 31162611 3 80 theme intestinal 595:604 arg1 histopathology 606:619 intestinal histopathology 595:619 intestinal histopathology 595:619 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 3 81 theme intestinal 506:515 arg1 inflammation 517:528 intestinal inflammation 506:528 intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition 506:701 The current study explored the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) as a prophylactic treatment on the intestinal health and gut microbiota of broilers with intestinal inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) by monitoring changes in intestinal histopathology, gut leakiness indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and gut microbiota composition. 31162611 8 82 theme Sodium 1627:1632 arg1 butyrate 1634:1641 Sodium butyrate 1627:1641 Sodium butyrate 1627:1641 Sodium butyrate seems to be optimized for anti-inflammatory effects at higher doses (300 mg/kg SB). 31162611 7 83 theme SB 1454:1455 arg1 importance 1440:1449 the importance 1436:1449 the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers 1436:1624 Taken together, our results reveal the importance of SB in improving intestinal development, inducing an anti-inflammatory effect during intestinal inflammation progression, and modulating the microbial community in broilers. 30853584 6 0 theme FRE 867:869 arg1 addition 855:862 the addition 851:862 the addition of FRE 851:869 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 7 1 theme different 1032:1040 arg1 pH 1042:1043 different pH 1032:1043 different pH 1032:1043 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 6 2 theme Trolox/g 973:980 arg1 Trolox/g 973:980 μmol Trolox/g 968:980 μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value 968:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 6 2 theme Trolox/g 973:980 arg1 207 961:963 207 961:963 207 961:963 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 3 3 theme ζ-potential 435:445 arg1 dependences 447:457 the ζ-potential dependences 431:457 the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 431:508 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 9 4 used used 1365:1368 arg2 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 4 used used 1365:1368 arg2 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 2 5 theme Rosemary 306:313 arg1 extracts 315:322 Rosemary extracts 306:322 Rosemary extracts 306:322 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 9 6 theme promising 1375:1383 arg1 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 6 theme promising 1375:1383 arg1 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 7 7 theme product 1200:1206 arg1 type 1187:1190 this type 1182:1190 this type of food product 1182:1206 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 8 8 theme % 1254:1254 arg1 DRE 1256:1258 20% DRE 1252:1258 20% DRE 1252:1258 Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. 30853584 9 9 theme obtained 1296:1303 arg1 results 1305:1311 The obtained results 1292:1311 The obtained results 1292:1311 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 4 10 theme extracts 590:597 arg1 introduction 565:576 The introduction 561:576 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films 561:617 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. 30853584 1 11 from dry 287:289 arg1 FUR 204:206 FUR 204:206 FUR 204:206 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 11 from dry 287:289 arg1 furcellaran 191:201 furcellaran 191:201 furcellaran (FUR) 191:207 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 11 from dry 287:289 arg1 hydrolysate 218:228 gelatin hydrolysate 210:228 gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) 210:235 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 11 from dry 287:289 arg1 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 11 from dry 287:289 arg1 extract 250:256 rosemary extract 241:256 rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 241:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 7 12 theme intelligent 1136:1146 arg1 films 1148:1152 intelligent films 1136:1152 intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product 1136:1206 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 9 13 theme active 1385:1390 arg1 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 13 theme active 1385:1390 arg1 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 4 14 theme tensile 658:664 arg1 strength 666:673 tensile strength 658:673 tensile strength 658:673 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. 30853584 1 15 theme gelatin 210:216 arg1 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 15 theme gelatin 210:216 arg1 hydrolysate 218:228 gelatin hydrolysate 210:228 gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) 210:235 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 2 16 dep blended 329:335 arg1 % 417:417 5, 10, 20% 408:417 5, 10, 20% 408:417 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 4 17 theme water 640:644 arg1 content 646:652 water content 640:652 water content 640:652 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. 30853584 2 18 theme forming 356:362 arg1 solution 364:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 5 19 theme films 712:716 arg1 properties 691:700 The UV barrier properties 676:700 The UV barrier properties of tested films 676:716 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 5 20 theme FUR/GELH 771:778 arg1 matrix 780:785 FUR/GELH matrix 771:785 FUR/GELH matrix 771:785 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 3 21 theme hydrolysate 498:508 arg1 dependences 447:457 the ζ-potential dependences 431:457 the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 431:508 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 6 22 theme value 1004:1008 arg1 film 991:994 dried film 985:994 dried film of FRAP value 985:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 2 23 theme film 351:354 arg1 solution 364:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 0 24 theme hydrolysate/rosemary 20:39 arg1 films 59:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films 0:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 0:110 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 1 25 dep dry 287:289 arg1 leaves 291:296 leaves 291:296 leaves 291:296 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 6 26 theme FRAP 999:1002 arg1 value 1004:1008 FRAP value 999:1008 FRAP value 999:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 8 27 theme 20 1252:1253 arg1 % 1254:1254 % 1254:1254 % 1254:1254 Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. 30853584 3 28 theme polysaccharide-protein 475:496 arg1 hydrolysate 498:508 complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 462:508 complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 462:508 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 2 29 theme FUR/GELH 342:349 arg1 solution 364:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 FUR/GELH film forming solution 342:371 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 0 30 theme Furcellaran/gelatin 0:18 arg1 films 59:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films 0:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 0:110 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 6 31 dep activity 804:811 arg1 FRAP 823:826 FRAP 823:826 FRAP 823:826 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 6 31 dep activity 804:811 arg1 DPPH 814:817 DPPH 814:817 DPPH 814:817 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 8 32 with film 1242:1245 arg1 DRE 1256:1258 20% DRE 1252:1258 20% DRE 1252:1258 Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. 30853584 7 33 theme type 1187:1190 arg1 freshness 1169:1177 freshness 1169:1177 freshness of this type of food product 1169:1206 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 6 34 theme dried 985:989 arg1 film 991:994 dried film 985:994 dried film of FRAP value 985:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 0 35 theme composite 49:57 arg1 films 59:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films 0:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 0:110 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 6 36 theme DRE 920:922 arg1 addition 908:915 the addition 904:915 the addition of DRE 904:922 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 8 37 theme best 1274:1277 arg1 performance 1279:1289 the best performance 1270:1289 the best performance 1270:1289 Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. 30853584 7 38 theme color 1015:1019 arg1 changes 1021:1027 The color changes 1011:1027 The color changes in different pH 1011:1043 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 7 39 theme food 1195:1198 arg1 product 1200:1206 food product 1195:1206 food product 1195:1206 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 0 40 theme extract 41:47 arg1 films 59:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films 0:63 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 0:110 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 1 41 from fresh 264:268 arg1 FUR 204:206 FUR 204:206 FUR 204:206 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 41 from fresh 264:268 arg1 furcellaran 191:201 furcellaran 191:201 furcellaran (FUR) 191:207 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 41 from fresh 264:268 arg1 hydrolysate 218:228 gelatin hydrolysate 210:228 gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) 210:235 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 41 from fresh 264:268 arg1 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 GELH 231:234 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 41 from fresh 264:268 arg1 extract 250:256 rosemary extract 241:256 rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 241:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 3 42 theme optimal 523:529 arg1 ratio 531:535 optimal ratio 523:535 optimal ratio for the film formation 523:558 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 9 43 theme food 1392:1395 arg1 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 43 theme food 1392:1395 arg1 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 2 44 theme different 376:384 arg1 concentrations 392:405 different three concentrations 376:405 different three concentrations 376:405 Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). 30853584 6 45 theme film 991:994 arg1 Trolox/g 973:980 μmol Trolox/g 968:980 μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value 968:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 5 46 theme UV 680:681 arg1 properties 691:700 The UV barrier properties 676:700 The UV barrier properties of tested films 676:716 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 7 47 theme spoilage 1078:1085 arg1 test 1087:1090 the fish spoilage test 1069:1090 the fish spoilage test 1069:1090 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 6 48 theme μmol 968:971 arg1 Trolox/g 973:980 μmol Trolox/g 968:980 μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value 968:1008 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 5 49 theme rosemary 748:755 arg1 extracts 757:764 rosemary extracts 748:764 rosemary extracts 748:764 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 7 50 from changes 1021:1027 arg1 pH 1042:1043 different pH 1032:1043 different pH 1032:1043 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 5 51 theme barrier 683:689 arg1 properties 691:700 The UV barrier properties 676:700 The UV barrier properties of tested films 676:716 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 6 52 theme inhibition 946:955 arg1 % 936:936 88% 934:936 88% of DPPH inhibition 934:955 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 6 52 theme inhibition 946:955 arg1 inhibition 946:955 DPPH inhibition 941:955 DPPH inhibition 941:955 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 4 53 theme FUR/GELH 604:611 arg1 films 613:617 FUR/GELH films 604:617 FUR/GELH films 604:617 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. 30853584 5 54 theme extracts 757:764 arg1 addition 736:743 the addition 732:743 the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix 732:785 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 9 55 theme % 1350:1350 arg1 DRE 1352:1354 20% DRE 1348:1354 20% DRE 1348:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 1 56 theme active 139:144 arg1 properties 162:171 the active and intelligent properties 135:171 the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 135:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 0 57 theme active 68:73 arg1 materials 101:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 9 58 with films 1337:1341 arg1 DRE 1352:1354 20% DRE 1348:1354 20% DRE 1348:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 59 theme packing 1397:1403 arg1 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 59 theme packing 1397:1403 arg1 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 3 60 theme film 545:548 arg1 formation 550:558 the film formation 541:558 the film formation 541:558 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 9 61 theme 20 1348:1349 arg1 % 1350:1350 % 1350:1350 % 1350:1350 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 1 62 dep fresh 264:268 arg1 leaves 270:275 leaves 270:275 leaves 270:275 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 63 theme intelligent 150:160 arg1 properties 162:171 the active and intelligent properties 135:171 the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 135:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 5 64 theme tested 705:710 arg1 films 712:716 tested films 705:716 tested films 705:716 The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. 30853584 8 65 theme FUR/GELH 1233:1240 arg1 film 1242:1245 FUR/GELH film 1233:1245 FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE 1233:1258 Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. 30853584 7 66 theme fish 1073:1076 arg1 test 1087:1090 the fish spoilage test 1069:1090 the fish spoilage test 1069:1090 The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. 30853584 3 67 theme complexation 462:473 arg1 hydrolysate 498:508 complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 462:508 complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate 462:508 Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. 30853584 0 68 theme packaging 91:99 arg1 materials 101:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 6 69 theme antioxidant 792:802 arg1 activity 804:811 The antioxidant activity 788:811 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) 788:827 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 4 70 theme rosemary 581:588 arg1 extracts 590:597 rosemary extracts 581:597 rosemary extracts 581:597 The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. 30853584 0 71 theme intelligent 79:89 arg1 materials 101:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 active and intelligent packaging materials 68:109 Furcellaran/gelatin hydrolysate/rosemary extract composite films as active and intelligent packaging materials. 30853584 9 72 theme FUR/GELH 1328:1335 arg1 films 1337:1341 FUR/GELH films 1328:1341 FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE 1328:1354 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 9 72 theme FUR/GELH 1328:1335 arg1 material 1405:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 a promising active food packing material 1373:1412 The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material. 30853584 6 73 theme DPPH 941:944 arg1 inhibition 946:955 DPPH inhibition 941:955 DPPH inhibition 941:955 The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. 30853584 1 74 theme films 176:180 arg1 properties 162:171 the active and intelligent properties 135:171 the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 135:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 30853584 1 75 theme rosemary 241:248 arg1 extract 250:256 rosemary extract 241:256 rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)) 241:303 The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). 31522157 3 0 theme porous 597:602 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 0 theme porous 597:602 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 0 theme porous 597:602 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 6 1 from gain 941:944 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 2 theme PPD 866:868 arg1 reduction 870:878 PPD reduction 866:878 PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 866:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 3 theme mineral 1238:1244 arg1 bone 1233:1236 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 6 4 from reduction 870:878 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 2 5 dep defects 422:428 arg1 mm 457:458 mm 457:458 mm 457:458 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 1 6 theme tobacco 203:209 arg1 consumption 211:221 tobacco consumption 203:221 tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) 203:239 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 1 6 theme tobacco 203:209 arg1 chewing 232:238 tobacco chewing 224:238 tobacco chewing 224:238 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 2 7 theme pocket 464:469 arg1 PPD 486:488 PPD 486:488 PPD 486:488 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 7 theme pocket 464:469 arg1 depth 479:483 pocket probing depth 464:483 pocket probing depth (PPD) 464:489 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 1 8 theme subjects 297:304 arg1 response 279:286 response 279:286 response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy 279:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 1 8 theme subjects 297:304 arg1 parameters 264:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 6 9 theme % 1065:1065 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 9 theme % 1065:1065 arg1 resolution 1038:1047 defect resolution 1031:1047 defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant 1031:1110 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 9 theme % 1065:1065 arg1 reduction 966:974 reduction 966:974 reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 966:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 9 theme % 1065:1065 arg1 reduction 870:878 PPD reduction 866:878 PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 866:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 10 theme study 1150:1154 arg1 limits 1135:1140 the limits 1131:1140 the limits of this study 1131:1154 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 1 11 theme consumption 211:221 arg1 forms 194:198 smoking and smokeless forms 172:198 smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) 172:239 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 7 12 theme porous 1226:1231 arg1 bone 1233:1236 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 2 13 theme probing 471:477 arg1 PPD 486:488 PPD 486:488 PPD 486:488 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 13 theme probing 471:477 arg1 depth 479:483 pocket probing depth 464:483 pocket probing depth (PPD) 464:489 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 4 14 theme Clinical 644:651 arg1 measurements 670:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements 644:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements 644:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements were recorded at baseline, 3 months after healing and at 6 and 9 months. 31522157 0 15 theme Defects 83:89 arg1 Management 59:68 the Management 55:68 the Management of Intrabony Defects 55:89 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 1 16 theme non-surgical 309:320 arg1 therapy 334:340 non-surgical periodontal therapy 309:340 non-surgical periodontal therapy 309:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 6 17 theme ± 1058:1058 arg1 % 1065:1065 78.32 ± 5.80 % 1052:1065 78.32 ± 5.80 % 1052:1065 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 18 theme chitosan 1194:1201 arg1 gel 1203:1205 chitosan gel 1194:1205 chitosan gel 1194:1205 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 6 19 theme attachment 918:927 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 20 dep CONCLUSION 1113:1122 arg1 limits 1135:1140 the limits 1131:1140 the limits of this study 1131:1154 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 0 21 theme Intrabony 73:81 arg1 Defects 83:89 Intrabony Defects 73:89 Intrabony Defects 73:89 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 1 22 theme periodontal 322:332 arg1 therapy 334:340 non-surgical periodontal therapy 309:340 non-surgical periodontal therapy 309:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 2 23 dep 5 516:516 arg1 to 513:514 to 513:514 to 513:514 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 4 24 theme radiographic 657:668 arg1 measurements 670:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements 644:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements 644:681 Clinical and radiographic measurements were recorded at baseline, 3 months after healing and at 6 and 9 months. 31522157 6 25 theme CAL 936:938 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 26 theme level 929:933 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 3 27 theme mineral 609:615 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 27 theme mineral 609:615 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 27 theme mineral 609:615 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 6 28 from resolution 1038:1047 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 29 theme intrabony 979:987 arg1 IBD 997:999 IBD 997:999 IBD 997:999 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 29 theme intrabony 979:987 arg1 defect 989:994 intrabony defect 979:994 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 1 30 theme study 140:144 arg1 purpose 124:130 The purpose 120:130 The purpose of this study 120:144 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 2 31 theme 55 398:399 arg1 years 401:405 30 and 55 years 391:405 years 401:405 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 1 32 theme tobacco 224:230 arg1 consumption 211:221 tobacco consumption 203:221 tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) 203:239 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 1 32 theme tobacco 224:230 arg1 chewing 232:238 tobacco chewing 224:238 tobacco chewing 224:238 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 6 33 from reduction 966:974 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 34 theme clinical 909:916 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 35 theme bovine 1219:1224 arg1 bone 1233:1236 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 2 36 dep mm 457:458 arg1 3 455:455 3 455:455 3 455:455 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 36 dep mm 457:458 arg1 greater 430:436 greater 430:436 greater 430:436 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 7 37 theme series 1167:1172 arg1 study 1174:1178 this case series study 1157:1178 this case series study 1157:1178 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 6 38 theme relative 900:907 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 0 39 theme Composite 8:16 arg1 Graft 18:22 a Composite Graft 6:22 a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects 6:89 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 3 40 theme composite 622:630 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 40 theme composite 622:630 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 40 theme composite 622:630 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 2 41 dep 3 455:455 arg1 to 452:453 to 452:453 to 452:453 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 3 42 theme chitosan 562:569 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 42 theme chitosan 562:569 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 42 theme chitosan 562:569 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 42 theme chitosan 562:569 arg1 w/v 580:582 15% w/v 576:582 15% w/v 576:582 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 1 43 dep INTRODUCTION 107:118 arg1 was 146:148 was 146:148 was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy 146:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 2 44 theme intrabony 412:420 arg1 defects 422:428 intrabony defects 412:428 intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm 412:458 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 45 theme aged 378:381 arg1 patients 369:376 Ten patients 365:376 Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) 365:489 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 0 46 theme Natural 27:33 arg1 Gel 48:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 3 47 theme bone 632:635 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 47 theme bone 632:635 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 47 theme bone 632:635 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 6 48 theme defect 1031:1036 arg1 resolution 1038:1047 defect resolution 1031:1047 defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant 1031:1110 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 49 theme mm 896:897 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 49 theme mm 896:897 arg1 resolution 1038:1047 defect resolution 1031:1047 defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant 1031:1110 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 49 theme mm 896:897 arg1 reduction 966:974 reduction 966:974 reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 966:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 49 theme mm 896:897 arg1 reduction 870:878 PPD reduction 866:878 PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 866:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 1 50 theme periodontal 244:254 arg1 parameters 264:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 0 51 theme Case 94:97 arg1 Series 99:104 A Case Series 92:104 A Case Series 92:104 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 7 52 theme case 1162:1165 arg1 study 1174:1178 this case series study 1157:1178 this case series study 1157:1178 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 1 53 from effects 161:167 arg1 response 279:286 response 279:286 response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy 279:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 1 53 from effects 161:167 arg1 parameters 264:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 0 54 theme % 37:37 arg1 Gel 48:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 1 55 theme disease 256:262 arg1 parameters 264:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 periodontal disease parameters 244:273 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 7 56 theme periodontal 1279:1289 arg1 regeneration 1291:1302 periodontal regeneration 1279:1302 periodontal regeneration 1279:1302 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 6 57 theme mm 1024:1025 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 58 theme mm 962:963 arg1 gain 941:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 900:944 relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm 900:963 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 58 theme mm 962:963 arg1 resolution 1038:1047 defect resolution 1031:1047 defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant 1031:1110 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 58 theme mm 962:963 arg1 reduction 966:974 reduction 966:974 reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 966:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 6 58 theme mm 962:963 arg1 reduction 870:878 PPD reduction 866:878 PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 866:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 0 59 theme 15 35:36 arg1 % 37:37 % 37:37 % 37:37 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 3 60 theme bovine 590:595 arg1 graft 637:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 a composite bone graft 620:641 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 60 theme bovine 590:595 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 60 theme bovine 590:595 arg1 bone 604:607 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 bovine porous bone mineral 590:615 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 61 theme % 578:578 arg1 gel 571:573 chitosan gel 562:573 chitosan gel (15% w/v) 562:583 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 3 61 theme % 578:578 arg1 w/v 580:582 15% w/v 576:582 15% w/v 576:582 All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft. 31522157 2 62 with years 401:405 arg1 defects 422:428 intrabony defects 412:428 intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm 412:458 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 63 with depth 479:483 arg1 defects 422:428 intrabony defects 412:428 intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm 412:458 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 64 dep MATERIALS 343:351 arg1 patients 369:376 Ten patients 365:376 Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) 365:489 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 2 64 dep MATERIALS 343:351 arg1 selected 526:533 selected 526:533 were selected 521:533 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 1 65 theme smoking 172:178 arg1 forms 194:198 smoking and smokeless forms 172:198 smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) 172:239 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 6 66 theme defect 989:994 arg1 depth 1002:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth 979:1006 intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm 979:1025 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 7 67 theme promising 1253:1261 arg1 role 1263:1266 a promising role 1251:1266 a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration 1251:1302 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 7 68 dep along 1208:1212 arg1 with 1214:1217 with 1214:1217 with 1214:1217 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 6 69 theme 5.30 883:886 arg1 mm 896:897 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 883:897 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 883:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 0 70 theme Gel 48:50 arg1 Graft 18:22 a Composite Graft 6:22 a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects 6:89 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 7 71 contain has 1247:1249 arg1 gel 1203:1205 chitosan gel 1194:1205 chitosan gel 1194:1205 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 7 71 contain has 1247:1249 arg1 bone 1233:1236 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 bovine porous bone mineral 1219:1244 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 7 71 contain has 1247:1249 arg2 role 1263:1266 a promising role 1251:1266 a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration 1251:1302 CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, this case series study suggests that chitosan gel, along with bovine porous bone mineral, has a promising role to play in periodontal regeneration. 31522157 2 72 theme 30 391:392 arg1 years 401:405 30 and 55 years 391:405 years 401:405 MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. 31522157 1 73 theme smokeless 184:192 arg1 forms 194:198 smoking and smokeless forms 172:198 smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) 172:239 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31522157 0 74 theme Chitosan 39:46 arg1 Gel 48:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Natural 15% Chitosan Gel 27:50 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 0 75 from Graft 18:22 arg1 Management 59:68 the Management 55:68 the Management of Intrabony Defects 55:89 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 0 76 dep Using 0:4 arg1 Series 99:104 A Case Series 92:104 A Case Series 92:104 Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series. 31522157 6 77 theme ± 888:888 arg1 mm 896:897 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 883:897 5.30 ± 0.822 mm 883:897 RESULTS After nine months, all the defects treated with this combination showed PPD reduction of 5.30 ± 0.822 mm, relative clinical attachment level (CAL) gain of 5.80 ± 0.499 mm, reduction in intrabony defect (IBD) depth of 3.00 ± 0.497 mm and defect resolution of 78.32 ± 5.80 %, all of which were statistically significant. 31522157 1 78 theme forms 194:198 arg1 effects 161:167 effects 161:167 effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy 161:340 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy. 31734361 4 0 from anions 632:637 arg1 solutions 649:657 acidic solutions 642:657 acidic solutions 642:657 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 1 1 theme air-dried 345:353 arg1 polyethylenimine 273:288 positively charged polyethylenimine 254:288 positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI) 254:294 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 1 1 theme air-dried 345:353 arg1 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 10 2 theme rate 1276:1279 arg1 equation 1281:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 The kinetic profiles are fitted by the pseudo-first order rate equation. 31734361 3 3 theme drainage 526:533 arg1 systems 535:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 11 4 theme cycles 1441:1446 arg1 minimum 1428:1434 a minimum 1426:1434 a minimum of 4 cycles 1426:1446 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 1 5 theme charged 265:271 arg1 polyethylenimine 273:288 positively charged polyethylenimine 254:288 positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI) 254:294 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 1 5 theme charged 265:271 arg1 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 8 6 theme maximum 1018:1024 arg1 capacity 1035:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 8 6 theme maximum 1018:1024 arg1 g-1 1065:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 6 7 theme selenium 828:835 arg1 anions 837:842 negative selenium anions 819:842 negative selenium anions 819:842 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 7 8 used used 971:974 arg2 membranes 944:952 A-PEI membranes 938:952 A-PEI membranes 938:952 A-PEI membranes are successfully used for recovering Se(VI) anions at pH 2. 31734361 6 9 theme positive 793:800 arg1 groups 808:813 positive amine groups 793:813 positive amine groups 793:813 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 5 10 theme XPS 678:680 arg1 analysis 682:689 XPS analysis 678:689 XPS analysis 678:689 FTIR, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis are used to explore the sorption mechanism. 31734361 3 11 from systems 535:541 arg1 applicable 504:513 applicable 504:513 applicable 504:513 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 0 12 theme Sorption 81:88 arg1 performance 90:100 Sorption performance 81:100 Sorption performance 81:100 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 0 13 from solution 29:36 arg1 sorption 7:14 Se(VI) sorption 0:14 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 0:115 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 6 14 theme hydroxyl 900:907 arg1 groups 909:914 amine and hydroxyl groups 890:914 groups 909:914 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 3 15 theme applicable 504:513 arg1 material 495:502 the material 491:502 the material applicable in natural drainage systems 491:541 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 7 16 dep anions 998:1003 arg1 VI 994:995 VI 994:995 VI 994:995 A-PEI membranes are successfully used for recovering Se(VI) anions at pH 2. 31734361 11 17 theme desorption 1400:1409 arg1 properties 1411:1420 desorption properties 1400:1420 desorption properties 1400:1420 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 2 18 theme structured 406:415 arg1 membrane 417:424 a highly macroporous structured membrane 385:424 a highly macroporous structured membrane 385:424 This is sufficient to obtain a highly macroporous structured membrane. 31734361 4 19 theme high 614:617 arg1 affinity 619:626 their high affinity 608:626 their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions 608:657 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 6 20 dep reduced 879:885 arg1 VI 872:873 VI 872:873 VI 872:873 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 6 21 theme amine 802:806 arg1 groups 808:813 positive amine groups 793:813 positive amine groups 793:813 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 9 22 from rate 1184:1187 arg1 15-50 mL min-1 1202:1215 the range 15-50 mL min-1 1192:1215 the range 15-50 mL min-1 1192:1215 The membranes are poorly sensitive to flow rate in the range 15-50 mL min-1. 31734361 3 23 theme new 466:468 arg1 membranes 476:484 these new A-PEI membranes 460:484 these new A-PEI membranes 460:484 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 8 24 theme Sips 1112:1115 arg1 equations 1130:1138 the Sips and Langmuir equations 1108:1138 the Sips and Langmuir equations 1108:1138 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 4 25 theme composite 580:588 arg1 membranes 590:598 composite membranes 580:598 composite membranes 580:598 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 3 26 from applicable 504:513 arg1 systems 535:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 1 27 theme sophisticated 184:196 arg1 methods 205:211 sophisticated drying methods 184:211 sophisticated drying methods 184:211 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 0 28 theme Se 0:1 arg1 sorption 7:14 Se(VI) sorption 0:14 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 0:115 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 8 29 theme sorption 1074:1081 arg1 isotherm 1083:1090 the sorption isotherm 1070:1090 the sorption isotherm 1070:1090 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 1 30 theme drying 198:203 arg1 methods 205:211 sophisticated drying methods 184:211 sophisticated drying methods 184:211 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 5 31 used used 695:698 arg2 analysis 682:689 XPS analysis 678:689 XPS analysis 678:689 FTIR, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis are used to explore the sorption mechanism. 31734361 5 31 used used 695:698 arg2 SEM-EDX 666:672 SEM-EDX 666:672 SEM-EDX 666:672 FTIR, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis are used to explore the sorption mechanism. 31734361 5 31 used used 695:698 arg2 FTIR 660:663 FTIR 660:663 FTIR 660:663 FTIR, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis are used to explore the sorption mechanism. 31734361 4 32 theme groups 570:575 arg1 density 553:559 The high density 544:559 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes 544:598 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 8 33 theme sorption 1026:1033 arg1 capacity 1035:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 8 33 theme sorption 1026:1033 arg1 g-1 1065:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 11 34 from stability 1374:1382 arg1 sorption 1387:1394 sorption 1387:1394 sorption 1387:1394 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 11 34 from stability 1374:1382 arg1 properties 1411:1420 desorption properties 1400:1420 desorption properties 1400:1420 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 1 35 theme prior 297:301 arg1 polyethylenimine 273:288 positively charged polyethylenimine 254:288 positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI) 254:294 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 1 35 theme prior 297:301 arg1 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 PEI 291:293 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 5 36 theme sorption 715:722 arg1 mechanism 724:732 the sorption mechanism 711:732 the sorption mechanism 711:732 FTIR, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis are used to explore the sorption mechanism. 31734361 6 37 theme bound 863:867 arg1 Se 869:870 bound Se 863:870 bound Se 863:870 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 1 38 theme New 117:119 arg1 membranes 147:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 6 39 theme acidic 919:924 arg1 conditions 926:935 acidic conditions 919:935 acidic conditions 919:935 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 10 40 theme kinetic 1222:1228 arg1 profiles 1230:1237 The kinetic profiles 1218:1237 The kinetic profiles 1218:1237 The kinetic profiles are fitted by the pseudo-first order rate equation. 31734361 3 41 theme A-PEI 470:474 arg1 membranes 476:484 these new A-PEI membranes 460:484 these new A-PEI membranes 460:484 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 3 42 theme percolating 434:444 arg1 properties 446:455 Highly percolating properties 427:455 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes 427:484 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 11 43 theme Solute 1291:1296 arg1 desorption 1298:1307 Solute desorption 1291:1307 Solute desorption 1291:1307 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 7 44 theme A-PEI 938:942 arg1 membranes 944:952 A-PEI membranes 938:952 A-PEI membranes 938:952 A-PEI membranes are successfully used for recovering Se(VI) anions at pH 2. 31734361 8 45 theme Langmuir 1121:1128 arg1 equations 1130:1138 the Sips and Langmuir equations 1108:1138 the Sips and Langmuir equations 1108:1138 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 6 46 theme electrostatic 760:772 arg1 attraction 774:783 electrostatic attraction 760:783 electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions 760:842 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 3 47 theme membranes 476:484 arg1 properties 446:455 Highly percolating properties 427:455 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes 427:484 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 4 48 from density 553:559 arg1 membranes 590:598 composite membranes 580:598 composite membranes 580:598 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 4 49 theme high 548:551 arg1 density 553:559 The high density 544:559 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes 544:598 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 6 50 theme second 850:855 arg1 step 857:860 a second step 848:860 a second step 848:860 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 10 51 theme pseudo-first 1257:1268 arg1 equation 1281:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 The kinetic profiles are fitted by the pseudo-first order rate equation. 31734361 0 52 theme aqueous 21:27 arg1 solution 29:36 aqueous solution 21:36 aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes 21:78 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 4 53 theme amine 564:568 arg1 groups 570:575 amine groups 564:575 amine groups 564:575 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 9 54 theme range 1196:1200 arg1 15-50 mL min-1 1202:1215 the range 15-50 mL min-1 1192:1215 the range 15-50 mL min-1 1192:1215 The membranes are poorly sensitive to flow rate in the range 15-50 mL min-1. 31734361 9 55 theme flow 1179:1182 arg1 rate 1184:1187 flow rate 1179:1187 flow rate in the range 15-50 mL min-1 1179:1215 The membranes are poorly sensitive to flow rate in the range 15-50 mL min-1. 31734361 0 56 dep sorption 7:14 arg1 VI 3:4 VI 3:4 VI 3:4 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 0 56 dep sorption 7:14 arg1 performance 90:100 Sorption performance 81:100 Sorption performance 81:100 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 0 56 dep sorption 7:14 arg1 mechanism 106:114 mechanism 106:114 mechanism 106:114 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 3 57 theme natural 518:524 arg1 systems 535:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 natural drainage systems 518:541 Highly percolating properties of these new A-PEI membranes make the material applicable in natural drainage systems. 31734361 8 58 theme Se 1062:1063 arg1 capacity 1035:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 8 58 theme Se 1062:1063 arg1 g-1 1065:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 6 59 theme negative 819:826 arg1 anions 837:842 negative selenium anions 819:842 negative selenium anions 819:842 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 1 60 theme high 121:124 arg1 membranes 147:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 11 61 theme remarkable 1363:1372 arg1 stability 1374:1382 a remarkable stability 1361:1382 a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties 1361:1420 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 8 62 theme 83 mg 1056:1060 arg1 capacity 1035:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity 1014:1042 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 8 62 theme 83 mg 1056:1060 arg1 g-1 1065:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 83 mg Se g-1 1056:1067 The maximum sorption capacity is close to 83 mg Se g-1; the sorption isotherm is described by the Sips and Langmuir equations. 31734361 7 63 theme Se 991:992 arg1 anions 998:1003 Se(VI) anions 991:1003 Se(VI) anions 991:1003 A-PEI membranes are successfully used for recovering Se(VI) anions at pH 2. 31734361 11 64 theme NaOH 1327:1330 arg1 solutions 1332:1340 NaOH solutions 1327:1340 NaOH solutions 1327:1340 Solute desorption is operated using NaOH solutions; the sorbent shows a remarkable stability in sorption and desorption properties for a minimum of 4 cycles. 31734361 1 65 theme percolating 126:136 arg1 membranes 147:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 10 66 theme order 1270:1274 arg1 equation 1281:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 the pseudo-first order rate equation 1253:1288 The kinetic profiles are fitted by the pseudo-first order rate equation. 31734361 0 67 theme alginate/polyethylenimine 44:68 arg1 membranes 70:78 alginate/polyethylenimine membranes 44:78 alginate/polyethylenimine membranes 44:78 Se(VI) sorption from aqueous solution using alginate/polyethylenimine membranes: Sorption performance and mechanism. 31734361 1 68 theme charged 225:231 arg1 alginate 233:240 negatively charged alginate 214:240 negatively charged alginate 214:240 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 1 69 theme alginate 138:145 arg1 membranes 147:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes 117:155 New high percolating alginate membranes are designed without using sophisticated drying methods: negatively charged alginate reacts with positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI), prior to be crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and air-dried. 31734361 6 70 dep VI 738:739 arg1 Se 735:736 Se 735:736 Se 735:736 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 4 71 theme acidic 642:647 arg1 solutions 649:657 acidic solutions 642:657 acidic solutions 642:657 The high density of amine groups in composite membranes explain their high affinity for anions in acidic solutions. 31734361 6 72 theme amine 890:894 arg1 groups 909:914 amine and hydroxyl groups 890:914 groups 909:914 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 31734361 6 73 dep sorbed 745:750 arg1 VI 738:739 VI 738:739 VI 738:739 Se(VI) is sorbed through electrostatic attraction between positive amine groups and negative selenium anions; in a second step, bound Se(VI) is reduced by amine and hydroxyl groups in acidic conditions. 30087707 5 0 theme C1GalT1 761:767 arg1 levels 751:756 high levels 746:756 high levels of C1GalT1 746:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 3 1 from mechanisms 440:449 arg1 radioresistance 469:483 the radioresistance 465:483 the radioresistance of esophageal cancer 465:504 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 2 2 theme structures 347:356 arg1 formation 318:326 the formation 314:326 the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures 314:356 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 10 3 theme major 1396:1400 arg1 C1GalT1 1383:1389 C1GalT1 1383:1389 C1GalT1 1383:1389 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 10 3 theme major 1396:1400 arg1 determinant 1402:1412 a major determinant 1394:1412 a major determinant of radioresistance 1394:1431 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 8 4 theme Mechanistic 1062:1072 arg1 investigations 1074:1087 Mechanistic investigations 1062:1087 Mechanistic investigations 1062:1087 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 7 5 theme cancer 988:993 arg1 cells 995:999 esophageal cancer cells 977:999 esophageal cancer cells 977:999 C1GalT1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, and attenuated irradiation-enhanced migration and invasion. 30087707 2 6 theme O-glycan 338:345 arg1 structures 347:356 core 1 O-glycan structures 331:356 core 1 O-glycan structures 331:356 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 5 7 theme cancer 728:733 arg1 cells 735:739 esophageal cancer cells 717:739 esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 717:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 6 8 theme O-glycan 904:911 arg1 expression 871:880 the expression 867:880 the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures 867:922 Irradiation also promoted the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures. 30087707 7 9 theme cells 995:999 arg1 radiosensitivity 957:972 the radiosensitivity 953:972 the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells 953:999 C1GalT1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, and attenuated irradiation-enhanced migration and invasion. 30087707 11 10 theme molecular 1502:1510 arg1 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 may be a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. 30087707 11 10 theme molecular 1502:1510 arg1 target 1512:1517 a potent molecular target 1493:1517 a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy 1493:1560 C1GalT1 may be a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. 30087707 0 11 theme β1-integrin 97:107 arg1 glycosylation 109:121 β1-integrin glycosylation 97:121 β1-integrin glycosylation 97:121 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 4 12 theme C1GalT1 581:587 arg1 expression 589:598 C1GalT1 expression 581:598 C1GalT1 expression 581:598 In this study, Public databases and our data revealed that C1GalT1 expression was up-regulated in esophageal cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. 30087707 11 13 theme potent 1495:1500 arg1 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 1478:1484 C1GalT1 may be a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. 30087707 11 13 theme potent 1495:1500 arg1 target 1512:1517 a potent molecular target 1493:1517 a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy 1493:1560 C1GalT1 may be a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. 30087707 6 14 theme core 897:900 arg1 O-glycan 904:911 core 1 O-glycan 897:911 core 1 O-glycan 897:911 Irradiation also promoted the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures. 30087707 7 15 theme esophageal 977:986 arg1 cells 995:999 esophageal cancer cells 977:999 esophageal cancer cells 977:999 C1GalT1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, and attenuated irradiation-enhanced migration and invasion. 30087707 1 16 theme esophageal 190:199 arg1 cancer 201:206 human esophageal cancer 184:206 human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance 184:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 5 17 theme high 746:749 arg1 levels 751:756 high levels 746:756 high levels of C1GalT1 746:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 2 18 theme 3-galactosyltransferase 263:285 arg1 β1 259:260 Core 1 β1 252:260 Core 1 β1 252:260 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 1 19 theme human 184:188 arg1 cancer 201:206 human esophageal cancer 184:206 human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance 184:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 6 20 theme C1GalT1 885:891 arg1 expression 871:880 the expression 867:880 the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures 867:922 Irradiation also promoted the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures. 30087707 3 21 theme exact 422:426 arg1 effects 428:434 the exact effects 418:434 the exact effects 418:434 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 5 22 theme increased 803:811 arg1 resistance 813:822 increased resistance 803:822 increased resistance to radiotherapy 803:838 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 8 23 theme O-glycan 1118:1125 arg1 structures 1127:1136 O-glycan structures 1118:1136 O-glycan structures on β1-integrin 1118:1151 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 9 24 theme radiation-induced 1291:1307 arg1 apoptosis 1309:1317 radiation-induced apoptosis 1291:1317 radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells 1291:1344 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 30087707 1 25 theme cancer 201:206 arg1 treatment 171:179 the treatment 167:179 the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance 167:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 9 26 theme FAK 1268:1270 arg1 inhibitor 1272:1280 FAK inhibitor 1268:1280 FAK inhibitor 1268:1280 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 30087707 9 27 theme β1-integrin-blocking 1234:1253 arg1 antibody 1255:1262 β1-integrin-blocking antibody 1234:1262 β1-integrin-blocking antibody 1234:1262 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 30087707 0 28 theme C1GalT1 13:19 arg1 Knockdown 0:8 Knockdown 0:8 Knockdown of C1GalT1 0:19 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 10 29 theme radioresistance 1417:1431 arg1 C1GalT1 1383:1389 C1GalT1 1383:1389 C1GalT1 1383:1389 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 10 29 theme radioresistance 1417:1431 arg1 determinant 1402:1412 a major determinant 1394:1412 a major determinant of radioresistance 1394:1431 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 11 30 theme radiotherapy 1549:1560 arg1 efficacy 1537:1544 the efficacy 1533:1544 the efficacy of radiotherapy 1533:1560 C1GalT1 may be a potent molecular target for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy. 30087707 4 31 theme cancer 631:636 arg1 tissues 638:644 esophageal cancer tissues 620:644 esophageal cancer tissues 620:644 In this study, Public databases and our data revealed that C1GalT1 expression was up-regulated in esophageal cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. 30087707 3 32 theme cancer 499:504 arg1 radioresistance 469:483 the radioresistance 465:483 the radioresistance of esophageal cancer 465:504 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 9 33 theme esophageal 1322:1331 arg1 cells 1340:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 30087707 4 34 theme poor 670:673 arg1 survival 675:682 poor survival 670:682 poor survival 670:682 In this study, Public databases and our data revealed that C1GalT1 expression was up-regulated in esophageal cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. 30087707 5 35 theme cell 784:787 arg1 death 789:793 cell death 784:793 cell death 784:793 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 8 36 from structures 1127:1136 arg1 β1-integrin 1141:1151 β1-integrin 1141:1151 β1-integrin 1141:1151 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 5 37 theme esophageal 717:726 arg1 cells 735:739 esophageal cancer cells 717:739 esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 717:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 9 38 theme cancer 1333:1338 arg1 cells 1340:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 30087707 4 39 theme esophageal 620:629 arg1 tissues 638:644 esophageal cancer tissues 620:644 esophageal cancer tissues 620:644 In this study, Public databases and our data revealed that C1GalT1 expression was up-regulated in esophageal cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. 30087707 3 40 theme C1GalT1 454:460 arg1 mechanisms 440:449 mechanisms 440:449 mechanisms 440:449 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 3 40 theme C1GalT1 454:460 arg1 effects 428:434 the exact effects 418:434 the exact effects 418:434 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 0 41 theme esophageal 55:64 arg1 cells 73:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 8 42 theme downstream 1171:1180 arg1 signaling 1210:1218 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 5 43 contain had 799:801 arg2 resistance 813:822 increased resistance 803:822 increased resistance to radiotherapy 803:838 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 5 43 contain had 799:801 arg1 cells 735:739 esophageal cancer cells 717:739 esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 717:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 3 44 theme esophageal 488:497 arg1 cancer 499:504 esophageal cancer 488:504 esophageal cancer 488:504 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 0 45 theme human 49:53 arg1 cells 73:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 4 46 theme Public 537:542 arg1 databases 544:552 Public databases 537:552 Public databases 537:552 In this study, Public databases and our data revealed that C1GalT1 expression was up-regulated in esophageal cancer tissues and was associated with poor survival. 30087707 5 47 with cells 735:739 arg1 levels 751:756 high levels 746:756 high levels of C1GalT1 746:767 Upon irradiation, we found that esophageal cancer cells with high levels of C1GalT1 could tolerate cell death and had increased resistance to radiotherapy. 30087707 6 48 dep C1GalT1 885:891 arg1 structures 913:922 structures 913:922 structures 913:922 Irradiation also promoted the expression of C1GalT1 and core 1 O-glycan structures. 30087707 2 49 theme core 331:334 arg1 structures 347:356 core 1 O-glycan structures 331:356 core 1 O-glycan structures 331:356 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 7 50 theme irradiation-enhanced 1017:1036 arg1 migration 1038:1046 migration 1038:1046 migration 1038:1046 C1GalT1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, and attenuated irradiation-enhanced migration and invasion. 30087707 8 51 theme adhesion 1188:1195 arg1 FAK 1205:1207 FAK 1205:1207 FAK 1205:1207 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 8 51 theme adhesion 1188:1195 arg1 kinase 1197:1202 focal adhesion kinase 1182:1202 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 7 52 theme C1GalT1 925:931 arg1 knockdown 933:941 C1GalT1 knockdown 925:941 C1GalT1 knockdown 925:941 C1GalT1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells, and attenuated irradiation-enhanced migration and invasion. 30087707 8 53 theme focal 1182:1186 arg1 FAK 1205:1207 FAK 1205:1207 FAK 1205:1207 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 8 53 theme focal 1182:1186 arg1 kinase 1197:1202 focal adhesion kinase 1182:1202 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 1 54 theme limited 150:156 arg1 role 158:161 a limited role 148:161 a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance 148:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 8 55 theme kinase 1197:1202 arg1 signaling 1210:1218 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling 1167:1218 Mechanistic investigations showed that C1GalT1 modified O-glycan structures on β1-integrin and regulated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. 30087707 1 56 theme tumor 229:233 arg1 radioresistance 235:249 tumor radioresistance 229:249 tumor radioresistance 229:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 0 57 theme cells 73:77 arg1 radioresistance 30:44 radioresistance 30:44 radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells 30:77 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 10 58 theme glycosylation 1463:1475 arg1 modulation 1437:1446 modulation 1437:1446 modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation 1437:1475 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 3 59 from effects 428:434 arg1 radioresistance 469:483 the radioresistance 465:483 the radioresistance of esophageal cancer 465:504 However, the exact effects and mechanisms of C1GalT1 in the radioresistance of esophageal cancer remain unclear. 30087707 1 60 theme radioresistance 235:249 arg1 risk 221:224 the risk 217:224 the risk of tumor radioresistance 217:249 Radiotherapy has played a limited role for the treatment of human esophageal cancer owing to the risk of tumor radioresistance. 30087707 0 61 theme cancer 66:71 arg1 cells 73:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 human esophageal cancer cells 49:77 Knockdown of C1GalT1 inhibits radioresistance of human esophageal cancer cells through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 2 62 theme Core 252:255 arg1 β1 259:260 Core 1 β1 252:260 Core 1 β1 252:260 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 10 63 theme β1-integrin 1451:1461 arg1 glycosylation 1463:1475 β1-integrin glycosylation 1451:1475 β1-integrin glycosylation 1451:1475 Together, our results indicate that C1GalT1 is a major determinant of radioresistance via modulation of β1-integrin glycosylation. 30087707 2 64 dep 3-galactosyltransferase 263:285 arg1 C1GalT1 288:294 C1GalT1 288:294 C1GalT1 288:294 Core 1 β1, 3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which catalyzes the formation of core 1 O-glycan structures, is frequently overexpressed during tumorigenesis. 30087707 9 65 from apoptosis 1309:1317 arg1 cells 1340:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 esophageal cancer cells 1322:1344 Furthermore, β1-integrin-blocking antibody and FAK inhibitor enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells. 29428541 0 0 theme dissolution 89:99 arg1 property 101:108 Improved dissolution property 80:108 Improved dissolution property of curcumin 80:120 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 7 1 theme jelly 1246:1250 arg1 formulations 1252:1263 jelly formulations 1246:1263 jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP 1246:1286 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 5 2 theme dissolution 1016:1026 arg1 properties 1028:1037 the dissolution properties 1012:1037 the dissolution properties of CUR 1012:1044 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 0 3 theme Improved 80:87 arg1 property 101:108 Improved dissolution property 80:108 Improved dissolution property of curcumin 80:120 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 7 4 theme formulations 1252:1263 arg1 Production 1232:1241 Production 1232:1241 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP 1232:1286 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 7 4 theme formulations 1252:1263 arg1 way 1304:1306 a promising way 1292:1306 a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR 1292:1351 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 2 5 from CUR/Stevia-G/PVP 339:354 arg1 solution 367:374 aqueous solution 359:374 aqueous solution 359:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 1 6 theme α-glucosyl 162:171 arg1 Stevia-G 181:188 Stevia-G 181:188 Stevia-G 181:188 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. 29428541 1 6 theme α-glucosyl 162:171 arg1 stevia 173:178 α-glucosyl stevia 162:178 α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) 162:189 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. 29428541 2 7 from formulations 323:334 arg1 solution 367:374 aqueous solution 359:374 aqueous solution 359:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 5 8 contain containing 940:949 arg2 nanocomposites 951:964 nanocomposites 951:964 nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP 951:991 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 5 8 contain containing 940:949 arg1 formulations 927:938 jelly formulations 921:938 jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP 921:991 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 4 9 theme PVP 849:851 arg1 molecules 853:861 PVP molecules 849:861 PVP molecules 849:861 These results suggested the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules. 29428541 5 10 theme CUR 1058:1060 arg1 powder 1062:1067 CUR powder 1058:1067 CUR powder 1058:1067 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 6 11 theme dissolution 1213:1223 arg1 media 1225:1229 a dissolution media 1211:1229 a dissolution media 1211:1229 This result indicated that the composite formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP could be maintained even after the preparation of jelly and release into a dissolution media. 29428541 1 12 theme higher 268:273 arg1 solubility 275:284 11,000-fold higher solubility 256:284 11,000-fold higher solubility 256:284 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. 29428541 2 13 theme aqueous 359:365 arg1 solution 367:374 aqueous solution 359:374 aqueous solution 359:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 3 14 with study 517:521 arg1 CUR 528:530 CUR 528:530 CUR 528:530 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 3 14 with study 517:521 arg1 pyrene 536:541 pyrene 536:541 pyrene 536:541 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 3 15 theme mixed 571:575 arg1 solutions 577:585 Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions 558:585 Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions 558:585 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 0 16 theme curcumin 113:120 arg1 property 101:108 Improved dissolution property 80:108 Improved dissolution property of curcumin 80:120 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 5 17 theme Jelly 864:868 arg1 formulations 870:881 Jelly formulations 864:881 Jelly formulations 864:881 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 2 18 theme precipitation-triggering 410:433 arg1 dilution 470:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 2 18 theme precipitation-triggering 410:433 arg1 changes 495:501 temperature changes 483:501 temperature changes 483:501 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 2 18 theme precipitation-triggering 410:433 arg1 conditions 435:444 precipitation-triggering conditions 410:444 precipitation-triggering conditions 410:444 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 0 19 theme containing 6:15 arg1 composite 17:25 Jelly containing composite 0:25 Jelly containing composite 0:25 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 2 20 from solution 367:374 arg1 formulations 323:334 Tri-component formulations 309:334 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution 309:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 4 21 theme structure 822:830 arg1 adsorption 793:802 the adsorption 789:802 the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules 789:861 These results suggested the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules. 29428541 7 22 theme promising 1294:1302 arg1 Production 1232:1241 Production 1232:1241 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP 1232:1286 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 7 22 theme promising 1294:1302 arg1 way 1304:1306 a promising way 1292:1306 a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR 1292:1351 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 0 23 theme Jelly 0:4 arg1 composite 17:25 Jelly containing composite 0:25 Jelly containing composite 0:25 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 2 24 theme Tri-component 309:321 arg1 formulations 323:334 Tri-component formulations 309:334 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution 309:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 6 25 theme jelly 1188:1192 arg1 preparation 1173:1183 the preparation 1169:1183 the preparation of jelly and release into a dissolution media 1169:1229 This result indicated that the composite formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP could be maintained even after the preparation of jelly and release into a dissolution media. 29428541 2 26 theme aqueous 462:468 arg1 dilution 470:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 4 27 theme Stevia-G 835:842 arg1 structure 822:830 the aggregated structure 807:830 the aggregated structure of Stevia-G 807:842 These results suggested the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules. 29428541 5 28 theme jelly 921:925 arg1 formulations 927:938 jelly formulations 921:938 jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP 921:991 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 4 29 theme aggregated 811:820 arg1 structure 822:830 the aggregated structure 807:830 the aggregated structure of Stevia-G 807:842 These results suggested the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules. 29428541 3 30 theme hydrophilic 602:612 arg1 microenvironment 614:629 a more hydrophilic microenvironment 595:629 a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules 595:652 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 3 31 theme Fluorescence 504:515 arg1 study 517:521 Fluorescence study 504:521 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene 504:541 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 0 32 theme α-glucosyl 36:45 arg1 stevia 47:52 α-glucosyl stevia 36:52 α-glucosyl stevia 36:52 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 2 33 theme CUR 449:451 arg1 dilution 470:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 aqueous dilution 462:477 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 2 33 theme CUR 449:451 arg1 changes 495:501 temperature changes 483:501 temperature changes 483:501 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 2 33 theme CUR 449:451 arg1 conditions 435:444 precipitation-triggering conditions 410:444 precipitation-triggering conditions 410:444 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 3 34 theme Stevia-G 700:707 arg1 solution 709:716 Stevia-G solution 700:716 Stevia-G solution alone 700:722 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 1 35 theme Curcumin 123:130 arg1 solutions 138:146 Curcumin (CUR) solutions 123:146 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method 123:247 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. 29428541 2 36 theme temperature 483:493 arg1 changes 495:501 temperature changes 483:501 temperature changes 483:501 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 7 37 theme dissolution 1323:1333 arg1 properties 1335:1344 the dissolution properties 1319:1344 the dissolution properties of CUR 1319:1351 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 5 38 theme CUR 1042:1044 arg1 properties 1028:1037 the dissolution properties 1012:1037 the dissolution properties of CUR 1012:1044 Jelly formulations were prepared with κ-carrageenan, and jelly formulations containing nanocomposites formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP obviously enhanced the dissolution properties of CUR compared to CUR powder. 29428541 0 39 dep based 27:31 arg1 property 101:108 Improved dissolution property 80:108 Improved dissolution property of curcumin 80:120 Jelly containing composite based on α-glucosyl stevia and polyvinylpyrrolidone: Improved dissolution property of curcumin. 29428541 4 40 theme composite 753:761 arg1 formation 763:771 the composite formation 749:771 the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules 749:861 These results suggested the composite formation associated with the adsorption of the aggregated structure of Stevia-G onto PVP molecules. 29428541 2 41 theme CUR/Stevia-G/PVP 339:354 arg1 formulations 323:334 Tri-component formulations 309:334 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution 309:374 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 3 42 theme Stevia-G/PVP 558:569 arg1 solutions 577:585 Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions 558:585 Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions 558:585 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 7 43 theme CUR 1349:1351 arg1 properties 1335:1344 the dissolution properties 1319:1344 the dissolution properties of CUR 1319:1351 Production of jelly formulations using Stevia-G and PVP are a promising way to improve the dissolution properties of CUR. 29428541 3 44 theme PVP 670:672 arg1 concentration 674:686 PVP concentration 670:686 PVP concentration 670:686 Fluorescence study with CUR and pyrene indicated that Stevia-G/PVP mixed solutions produce a more hydrophilic microenvironment around their molecules with increasing PVP concentration compared to Stevia-G solution alone. 29428541 2 45 theme CUR 392:394 arg1 stability 396:404 improved CUR stability 383:404 improved CUR stability 383:404 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 6 46 theme release 1198:1204 arg1 preparation 1173:1183 the preparation 1169:1183 the preparation of jelly and release into a dissolution media 1169:1229 This result indicated that the composite formed by CUR/Stevia-G/PVP could be maintained even after the preparation of jelly and release into a dissolution media. 29428541 2 47 theme improved 383:390 arg1 stability 396:404 improved CUR stability 383:404 improved CUR stability 383:404 Tri-component formulations of CUR/Stevia-G/PVP in aqueous solution showed improved CUR stability for precipitation-triggering conditions of CUR, such as aqueous dilution and temperature changes. 29428541 1 48 theme evaporation 230:240 arg1 method 242:247 evaporation method 230:247 evaporation method 230:247 Curcumin (CUR) solutions prepared with α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) by evaporation method showed 11,000-fold higher solubility compared to CUR alone. 31165699 7 0 theme optical 1290:1296 arg1 properties 1298:1307 their optical properties 1284:1307 their optical properties 1284:1307 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 7 1 theme worm-like 1180:1188 arg1 nanostructures 1190:1203 worm-like nanostructures 1180:1203 worm-like nanostructures 1180:1203 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 9 2 theme SERS 1720:1723 arg1 detection 1725:1733 SERS detection 1720:1733 SERS detection 1720:1733 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 8 3 theme targeting 1394:1402 arg1 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 8 3 theme targeting 1394:1402 arg1 ligand 1404:1409 active targeting ligand 1387:1409 active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) 1387:1435 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 8 4 theme PS 1530:1531 arg1 concentration 1513:1525 low concentration 1509:1525 low concentration of PS 1509:1531 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 6 5 from ratio 1133:1137 arg1 conjugates 1153:1162 the HA-HCA conjugates 1142:1162 the HA-HCA conjugates 1142:1162 The length of the AuNCs could be controlled by the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates. 31165699 1 6 theme indispensable 218:230 arg1 tools 232:236 indispensable tools 218:236 indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine 218:268 Light-based diagnostics and therapies have become indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine. 31165699 0 7 theme Acid-Functionalized 131:149 arg1 Nanochains 156:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 3 8 theme theranostic 688:698 arg1 system 700:705 a light-triggered theranostic system 670:705 a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT) 670:770 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 3 8 theme theranostic 688:698 arg1 nanochains 603:612 gold nanochains 598:612 gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures 598:650 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 8 9 theme low 1509:1511 arg1 concentration 1513:1525 low concentration 1509:1525 low concentration of PS 1509:1531 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 3 10 theme gold 598:601 arg1 AuNCs 615:619 AuNCs 615:619 AuNCs 615:619 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 3 10 theme gold 598:601 arg1 system 700:705 a light-triggered theranostic system 670:705 a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT) 670:770 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 3 10 theme gold 598:601 arg1 nanochains 603:612 gold nanochains 598:612 gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures 598:650 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 0 11 theme Folate/Hyaluronic 113:129 arg1 Nanochains 156:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 9 12 theme promising 1648:1656 arg1 approach 1658:1665 a promising approach 1646:1665 a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT 1646:1764 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 9 12 theme promising 1648:1656 arg1 system 1630:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 7 13 theme surface-enhanced 1227:1242 arg1 SERS 1262:1265 SERS 1262:1265 SERS 1262:1265 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 7 13 theme surface-enhanced 1227:1242 arg1 scattering 1250:1259 surface-enhanced Raman scattering 1227:1259 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 4 14 theme citrate-stabilized 825:842 arg1 nanoparticles 849:861 citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles 825:861 citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles 825:861 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 5 15 theme tumor 989:993 arg1 ligands 1005:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 Raman reporters, photosensitizers (PSs), and active tumor targeting ligands were also conjugated onto the surfaces of the AuNCs. 31165699 2 16 theme specific 471:478 arg1 therapies 496:504 more specific, individualized therapies 466:504 more specific, individualized therapies 466:504 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 17 theme therapeutic 340:350 arg1 agents 352:357 therapeutic agents 340:357 therapeutic agents 340:357 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 0 18 theme Gold 151:154 arg1 Nanochains 156:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 113:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 2 19 theme therapeutic 537:547 arg1 capabilities 549:560 therapeutic capabilities 537:560 therapeutic capabilities 537:560 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 4 20 theme nanoparticles 849:861 arg1 assembling 811:820 assembling 811:820 assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles 811:861 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 6 21 theme HA-HCA 1146:1151 arg1 conjugates 1153:1162 the HA-HCA conjugates 1142:1162 the HA-HCA conjugates 1142:1162 The length of the AuNCs could be controlled by the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates. 31165699 4 22 theme hyaluronic 869:878 arg1 acid 898:901 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid 869:901 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates 869:921 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 4 22 theme hyaluronic 869:878 arg1 HA-HCA 904:909 HA-HCA 904:909 HA-HCA 904:909 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 0 23 theme Photodynamic 9:20 arg1 Therapy 22:28 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy 0:28 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 0:166 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 0 24 theme System 97:102 arg1 Activities 30:39 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities 0:39 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 0:166 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 8 25 theme excellent 1447:1455 arg1 selectivity 1457:1467 excellent selectivity 1447:1467 excellent selectivity 1447:1467 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 0 26 theme Targeted 0:7 arg1 Therapy 22:28 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy 0:28 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 0:166 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 9 27 theme fluorescence 1736:1747 arg1 imaging 1749:1755 fluorescence imaging 1736:1755 fluorescence imaging 1736:1755 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 3 28 theme light-triggered 672:686 arg1 system 700:705 a light-triggered theranostic system 670:705 a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT) 670:770 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 3 28 theme light-triggered 672:686 arg1 nanochains 603:612 gold nanochains 598:612 gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures 598:650 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 4 29 theme gold 844:847 arg1 nanoparticles 849:861 citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles 825:861 citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles 825:861 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 6 30 theme composition 1121:1131 arg1 ratio 1133:1137 the HCA composition ratio 1113:1137 the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates 1113:1162 The length of the AuNCs could be controlled by the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates. 31165699 5 31 theme Raman 937:941 arg1 reporters 943:951 Raman reporters 937:951 Raman reporters 937:951 Raman reporters, photosensitizers (PSs), and active tumor targeting ligands were also conjugated onto the surfaces of the AuNCs. 31165699 2 32 theme single 366:371 arg1 nanosized-regimen 373:389 a single nanosized-regimen 364:389 a single nanosized-regimen 364:389 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 6 33 theme HCA 1117:1119 arg1 ratio 1133:1137 the HCA composition ratio 1113:1137 the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates 1113:1162 The length of the AuNCs could be controlled by the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates. 31165699 0 34 theme Therapy 22:28 arg1 Activities 30:39 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities 0:39 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 0:166 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 9 35 theme tumor-targeting 1585:1599 arg1 approach 1658:1665 a promising approach 1646:1665 a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT 1646:1764 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 9 35 theme tumor-targeting 1585:1599 arg1 system 1630:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 3 36 theme effective 711:719 arg1 detection 731:739 effective multiplex detection 711:739 effective multiplex detection 711:739 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 5 37 theme active 982:987 arg1 ligands 1005:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 Raman reporters, photosensitizers (PSs), and active tumor targeting ligands were also conjugated onto the surfaces of the AuNCs. 31165699 3 38 with nanochains 603:612 arg1 nanostructures 637:650 worm-like nanostructures 627:650 worm-like nanostructures 627:650 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 1 39 theme cancer 254:259 arg1 medicine 261:268 cancer medicine 254:268 cancer medicine 254:268 Light-based diagnostics and therapies have become indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine. 31165699 0 40 theme Surface-Enhanced 44:59 arg1 System 97:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System 44:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 44:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 5 41 theme targeting 995:1003 arg1 ligands 1005:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 active tumor targeting ligands 982:1011 Raman reporters, photosensitizers (PSs), and active tumor targeting ligands were also conjugated onto the surfaces of the AuNCs. 31165699 3 42 theme multiplex 721:729 arg1 detection 731:739 effective multiplex detection 711:739 effective multiplex detection 711:739 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 8 43 theme marked 1480:1485 arg1 phototoxicity 1487:1499 marked phototoxicity 1480:1499 marked phototoxicity 1480:1499 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 1 44 theme medicine 261:268 arg1 field 245:249 the field 241:249 the field of cancer medicine 241:268 Light-based diagnostics and therapies have become indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine. 31165699 7 45 theme Raman 1244:1248 arg1 SERS 1262:1265 SERS 1262:1265 SERS 1262:1265 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 7 45 theme Raman 1244:1248 arg1 scattering 1250:1259 surface-enhanced Raman scattering 1227:1259 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 8 46 theme free 1547:1550 arg1 PS 1552:1553 free PS 1547:1553 free PS after laser irradiation 1547:1577 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 7 47 theme scattering 1250:1259 arg1 properties 1268:1277 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 8 48 theme active 1387:1392 arg1 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1412:1434 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 8 48 theme active 1387:1392 arg1 ligand 1404:1409 active targeting ligand 1387:1409 active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) 1387:1435 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 0 49 theme Scattering-Active 67:83 arg1 System 97:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System 44:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 44:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 3 50 theme worm-like 627:635 arg1 nanostructures 637:650 worm-like nanostructures 627:650 worm-like nanostructures 627:650 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 7 51 with AuNCs 1169:1173 arg1 nanostructures 1190:1203 worm-like nanostructures 1180:1203 worm-like nanostructures 1180:1203 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 2 52 theme recent 406:411 arg1 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 52 theme recent 406:411 arg1 focus 413:417 the recent focus 402:417 the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent 402:580 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 0 53 theme Raman 61:65 arg1 System 97:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System 44:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 44:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 2 54 with elements 326:333 arg1 agents 352:357 therapeutic agents 340:357 therapeutic agents 340:357 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 3 55 theme photodynamic 745:756 arg1 PDT 767:769 PDT 767:769 PDT 767:769 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 3 55 theme photodynamic 745:756 arg1 therapy 758:764 photodynamic therapy 745:764 photodynamic therapy (PDT) 745:770 In this study, gold nanochains (AuNCs) with worm-like nanostructures were developed as a light-triggered theranostic system for effective multiplex detection and photodynamic therapy (PDT). 31165699 2 56 dep specific 471:478 arg1 individualized 481:494 individualized 481:494 individualized 481:494 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 1 57 theme Light-based 168:178 arg1 diagnostics 180:190 Light-based diagnostics 168:190 Light-based diagnostics 168:190 Light-based diagnostics and therapies have become indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine. 31165699 4 58 theme acid 898:901 arg1 templates 926:934 templates 926:934 templates 926:934 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 4 58 theme acid 898:901 arg1 conjugates 912:921 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates 869:921 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates 869:921 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 7 59 theme significant 1215:1225 arg1 properties 1268:1277 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties 1215:1277 The AuNCs with worm-like nanostructures exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties, and their optical properties depended on their length. 31165699 2 60 with focus 413:417 arg1 aim 451:453 the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent 447:580 the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent 447:580 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 61 theme elements 326:333 arg1 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 61 theme elements 326:333 arg1 integration 300:310 the integration 296:310 the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen 296:389 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 4 62 theme AuNC 791:794 arg1 system 796:801 the AuNC system 787:801 the AuNC system 787:801 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 9 63 theme cancer 1687:1692 arg1 theranostics 1694:1705 cancer theranostics 1687:1705 cancer theranostics 1687:1705 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 5 64 theme AuNCs 1059:1063 arg1 surfaces 1043:1050 the surfaces 1039:1050 the surfaces of the AuNCs 1039:1063 Raman reporters, photosensitizers (PSs), and active tumor targeting ligands were also conjugated onto the surfaces of the AuNCs. 31165699 2 65 theme diagnostic 315:324 arg1 elements 326:333 diagnostic elements 315:333 diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents 315:357 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 9 66 theme HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1601:1623 arg1 approach 1658:1665 a promising approach 1646:1665 a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT 1646:1764 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 9 66 theme HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 1601:1623 arg1 system 1630:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 9 67 from applications 1671:1682 arg1 theranostics 1694:1705 cancer theranostics 1687:1705 cancer theranostics 1687:1705 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 4 68 theme acid-hydrocaffeic 880:896 arg1 acid 898:901 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid 869:901 hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates 869:921 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 4 68 theme acid-hydrocaffeic 880:896 arg1 HA-HCA 904:909 HA-HCA 904:909 HA-HCA 904:909 We fabricated the AuNC system through assembling of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles using hyaluronic acid-hydrocaffeic acid (HA-HCA) conjugates as templates. 31165699 2 69 theme single 569:574 arg1 agent 576:580 a single agent 567:580 a single agent 567:580 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 8 70 theme laser 1561:1565 arg1 irradiation 1567:1577 laser irradiation 1561:1577 laser irradiation 1561:1577 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31165699 9 71 theme AuNC 1625:1628 arg1 approach 1658:1665 a promising approach 1646:1665 a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT 1646:1764 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 9 71 theme AuNC 1625:1628 arg1 system 1630:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system 1580:1635 This tumor-targeting HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6 AuNC system could be a promising approach for applications in cancer theranostics, integrating SERS detection, fluorescence imaging, and PDT. 31165699 2 72 theme exploration 430:440 arg1 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics 271:286 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 72 theme exploration 430:440 arg1 focus 413:417 the recent focus 402:417 the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent 402:580 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 6 73 theme AuNCs 1084:1088 arg1 length 1070:1075 The length 1066:1075 The length of the AuNCs 1066:1088 The length of the AuNCs could be controlled by the HCA composition ratio in the HA-HCA conjugates. 31165699 0 74 theme Theranostic 85:95 arg1 System 97:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System 44:102 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains 44:165 Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Activities of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Theranostic System Based on Folate/Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanochains. 31165699 2 75 dep aim 451:453 arg1 develop 458:464 develop 458:464 to develop more specific, individualized therapies 455:504 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 2 75 dep aim 451:453 arg1 combine 513:519 combine 513:519 to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent 510:580 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 1 76 from tools 232:236 arg1 field 245:249 the field 241:249 the field of cancer medicine 241:268 Light-based diagnostics and therapies have become indispensable tools in the field of cancer medicine. 31165699 2 77 theme intense 422:428 arg1 exploration 430:440 intense exploration 422:440 intense exploration 422:440 Nanotheranostics, namely the integration of diagnostic elements with therapeutic agents into a single nanosized-regimen, have been the recent focus of intense exploration with the aim to develop more specific, individualized therapies and to combine diagnostics and therapeutic capabilities into a single agent. 31165699 8 78 theme Raman 1363:1367 arg1 reporter 1369:1376 a Raman reporter 1361:1376 a Raman reporter 1361:1376 The AuNCs conjugated with a Raman reporter, PS, and active targeting ligand (HA-HCA2.0-Au-NPT-FA-Ce6) exhibited excellent selectivity and showed marked phototoxicity even at low concentration of PS compared with free PS after laser irradiation. 31176934 3 0 theme 35 530:531 arg1 ratios 513:518 C/N ratios 509:518 C/N ratios of 25 and 35 509:531 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 1 1 theme composting 174:183 arg1 process 185:191 the composting process 170:191 the composting process 170:191 A consortium of key bacterial taxa plays critical roles in the composting process. 31176934 4 2 theme bacterial 868:876 arg1 composition 888:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 4 3 theme thermophilic 923:934 arg1 phases 948:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 4 4 theme significant 837:847 arg1 relationships 849:861 significant relationships 837:861 significant relationships with bacterial community composition 837:898 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 3 5 theme germination 602:612 arg1 indices 614:620 higher germination indices 595:620 higher germination indices 595:620 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 4 6 theme cellulase 799:807 arg1 activities 728:737 The activities 724:737 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase 724:825 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 2 7 with piles 450:454 arg1 ratios 481:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 2 8 theme consortia 346:354 arg1 succession 318:327 the succession 314:327 the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process 314:419 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 4 9 theme β-glucosidase 756:768 arg1 activities 728:737 The activities 724:737 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase 724:825 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 2 10 theme enzymes 374:380 arg1 succession 318:327 the succession 314:327 the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process 314:419 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 3 11 theme C/N 509:511 arg1 ratios 513:518 C/N ratios 509:518 C/N ratios of 25 and 35 509:531 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg2 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg1 efficiency 1019:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg2 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg2 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg2 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 12 attach linked 989:994 arg2 taxa 983:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 2 13 theme high-efficiency 286:300 arg1 composting 302:311 high-efficiency composting 286:311 high-efficiency composting 286:311 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 3 14 theme 25 523:524 arg1 ratios 513:518 C/N ratios 509:518 C/N ratios of 25 and 35 509:531 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 0 15 theme extracellular 4:16 arg1 enzymes 18:24 Key extracellular enzymes 0:24 Key extracellular enzymes 0:24 Key extracellular enzymes triggered high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession. 31176934 5 16 theme composting 1287:1296 arg1 maturity 1298:1305 composting maturity 1287:1305 composting maturity 1287:1305 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 2 17 theme bacterial 336:344 arg1 consortia 346:354 key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes 332:380 consortia 346:354 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 0 18 theme Key 0:2 arg1 enzymes 18:24 Key extracellular enzymes 0:24 Key extracellular enzymes 0:24 Key extracellular enzymes triggered high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession. 31176934 4 19 theme mature 941:946 arg1 phases 948:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 2 20 theme key 332:334 arg1 consortia 346:354 key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes 332:380 consortia 346:354 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 5 21 theme Putative 970:977 arg1 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 21 theme Putative 970:977 arg1 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 21 theme Putative 970:977 arg1 taxa 983:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 21 theme Putative 970:977 arg1 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 21 theme Putative 970:977 arg1 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 2 22 theme C/N 477:479 arg1 ratios 481:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 4 23 with relationships 849:861 arg1 composition 888:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 5 24 theme composting 1008:1017 arg1 efficiency 1019:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 3 25 theme higher 595:600 arg1 indices 614:620 higher germination indices 595:620 higher germination indices 595:620 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 2 26 theme varying 461:467 arg1 ratios 481:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 2 27 theme initial 469:475 arg1 ratios 481:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 varying initial C/N ratios 461:486 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 5 28 theme maturity 1298:1305 arg1 development 1272:1282 the development 1268:1282 the development of composting maturity 1268:1305 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 3 29 theme dehydrogenase 698:710 arg1 activities 712:721 higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities 677:721 activities 712:721 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 1 30 theme key 127:129 arg1 taxa 141:144 key bacterial taxa 127:144 key bacterial taxa 127:144 A consortium of key bacterial taxa plays critical roles in the composting process. 31176934 3 31 theme composting 542:551 arg1 efficiency 553:562 composting efficiency 542:562 composting efficiency 542:562 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 2 32 theme extracellular 360:372 arg1 enzymes 374:380 key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes 332:380 enzymes 374:380 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 4 33 theme mesophilic 911:920 arg1 phases 948:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases 907:953 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 0 34 theme high-efficiency 36:50 arg1 composting 52:61 high-efficiency composting 36:61 high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession 36:108 Key extracellular enzymes triggered high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession. 31176934 5 35 theme extracellular 1180:1192 arg1 activities 1201:1210 extracellular enzyme activities 1180:1210 extracellular enzyme activities 1180:1210 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 3 36 theme hemicellulose 646:658 arg1 degradation 660:670 hemicellulose degradation 646:670 hemicellulose degradation 646:670 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 2 37 theme composting 439:448 arg1 piles 450:454 composting piles 439:454 composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios 439:486 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 5 38 theme key 979:981 arg1 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Virgibacillus 1081:1093 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 38 theme key 979:981 arg1 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Desemzia 1051:1058 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 38 theme key 979:981 arg1 taxa 983:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa 970:986 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 38 theme key 979:981 arg1 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Clostridium 1096:1106 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 38 theme key 979:981 arg1 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Achromobacter 1113:1125 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 5 39 theme enzyme 1194:1199 arg1 activities 1201:1210 extracellular enzyme activities 1180:1210 extracellular enzyme activities 1180:1210 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 3 40 theme enhanced 623:630 arg1 cellulose 632:640 cellulose 632:640 cellulose 632:640 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 1 41 theme bacterial 131:139 arg1 taxa 141:144 key bacterial taxa 127:144 key bacterial taxa 127:144 A consortium of key bacterial taxa plays critical roles in the composting process. 31176934 1 42 theme taxa 141:144 arg1 consortium 113:122 A consortium 111:122 A consortium of key bacterial taxa 111:144 A consortium of key bacterial taxa plays critical roles in the composting process. 31176934 4 43 theme community 878:886 arg1 composition 888:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 bacterial community composition 868:898 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 5 44 theme higher 1001:1006 arg1 efficiency 1019:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 a higher composting efficiency 999:1028 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 3 45 theme elevated 572:579 arg1 temperatures 581:592 elevated temperatures 572:592 elevated temperatures 572:592 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 3 46 theme higher 677:682 arg1 cellulase 684:692 higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities 677:721 cellulase 684:692 Results showed that C/N ratios of 25 and 35 enhanced composting efficiency through elevated temperatures, higher germination indices, enhanced cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, and higher cellulase and dehydrogenase activities. 31176934 1 47 theme critical 152:159 arg1 roles 161:165 critical roles 152:165 critical roles 152:165 A consortium of key bacterial taxa plays critical roles in the composting process. 31176934 0 48 theme community 89:97 arg1 succession 99:108 bacterial community succession 79:108 bacterial community succession 79:108 Key extracellular enzymes triggered high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession. 31176934 5 49 theme positive 1152:1159 arg1 relationships 1161:1173 significantly positive relationships 1138:1173 significantly positive relationships 1138:1173 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 2 50 theme bacterial 262:270 arg1 species 272:278 specific bacterial species 253:278 specific bacterial species 253:278 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 2 51 theme composting 402:411 arg1 process 413:419 the composting process 398:419 the composting process 398:419 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 0 52 theme bacterial 79:87 arg1 succession 99:108 bacterial community succession 79:108 bacterial community succession 79:108 Key extracellular enzymes triggered high-efficiency composting associated with bacterial community succession. 31176934 5 53 theme significant 1226:1236 arg1 contribution 1238:1249 a significant contribution 1224:1249 a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity 1224:1305 Putative key taxa, linked to a higher composting efficiency, such as Nonomuraea, Desemzia, Cellulosimicrobium, Virgibacillus, Clostridium, and Achromobacter, exhibited significantly positive relationships with extracellular enzyme activities, suggesting a significant contribution to these taxa to the development of composting maturity. 31176934 2 54 theme specific 253:260 arg1 species 272:278 specific bacterial species 253:278 specific bacterial species 253:278 In order to elucidate the identity and mechanisms by which specific bacterial species drive high-efficiency composting, the succession of key bacterial consortia and extracellular enzymes produced during the composting process were monitored in composting piles with varying initial C/N ratios. 31176934 4 55 theme cellulase 742:750 arg1 activities 728:737 The activities 724:737 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase 724:825 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31176934 4 56 theme cellulase 771:779 arg1 activities 728:737 The activities 724:737 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase 724:825 The activities of cellulase and β-glucosidase, cellulase and protease, and cellulase and β-glucosidase exhibited significant relationships with bacterial community composition within the mesophilic, thermophilic, and mature phases, respectively. 31590853 5 0 from understanding 878:890 arg1 layer 930:934 the wax layer 922:934 the wax layer 922:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 4 1 theme white 751:755 arg1 interferometer 763:776 white light interferometer 751:776 white light interferometer 751:776 The wetting properties were correlated to roughness of the textiles using white light interferometer. 31590853 8 2 theme developed 1040:1048 arg1 coating 1050:1056 The developed coating 1036:1056 The developed coating 1036:1056 The developed coating performed well on different natural textiles, and better than commercial alternatives. 31590853 2 3 theme wax 356:358 arg1 particles 360:368 natural wax particles 348:368 natural wax particles 348:368 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 6 4 theme vapor 974:978 arg1 permeability 980:991 water vapor permeability 968:991 water vapor permeability 968:991 Breathability was evaluated by water vapor permeability. 31590853 2 5 theme natural 348:354 arg1 particles 360:368 natural wax particles 348:368 natural wax particles 348:368 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 0 6 theme textiles 102:109 arg1 hydrophobation 68:81 scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation 48:81 scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles 48:109 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 2 7 theme textile 296:302 arg1 surfaces 304:311 textile surfaces 296:311 textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability 296:479 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 0 8 theme cellulose-based 86:100 arg1 textiles 102:109 cellulose-based textiles 86:109 cellulose-based textiles 86:109 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 5 9 from effect 899:904 arg1 layer 930:934 the wax layer 922:934 the wax layer 922:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 8 10 theme commercial 1120:1129 arg1 alternatives 1131:1142 commercial alternatives 1120:1142 commercial alternatives 1120:1142 The developed coating performed well on different natural textiles, and better than commercial alternatives. 31590853 8 11 theme different 1076:1084 arg1 textiles 1094:1101 different natural textiles 1076:1101 different natural textiles 1076:1101 The developed coating performed well on different natural textiles, and better than commercial alternatives. 31590853 3 12 theme long-term 570:578 arg1 water-repellency 580:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 9 13 theme garment 1154:1160 arg1 prototypes 1162:1171 garment prototypes 1154:1171 garment prototypes 1154:1171 A set of garment prototypes were produced using the coating. 31590853 6 14 theme water 968:972 arg1 permeability 980:991 water vapor permeability 968:991 water vapor permeability 968:991 Breathability was evaluated by water vapor permeability. 31590853 9 15 theme prototypes 1162:1171 arg1 set 1147:1149 A set 1145:1149 A set of garment prototypes 1145:1171 A set of garment prototypes were produced using the coating. 31590853 9 15 theme prototypes 1162:1171 arg1 prototypes 1162:1171 garment prototypes 1154:1171 garment prototypes 1154:1171 A set of garment prototypes were produced using the coating. 31590853 2 16 theme cellulosic 401:410 arg1 fabrics 412:418 cellulosic fabrics 401:418 cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability 401:479 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 2 17 dep their 452:456 arg1 feel 458:461 feel 458:461 feel 458:461 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 3 18 theme wetting 558:564 arg1 water-repellency 580:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 8 19 theme natural 1086:1092 arg1 textiles 1094:1101 different natural textiles 1076:1101 different natural textiles 1076:1101 The developed coating performed well on different natural textiles, and better than commercial alternatives. 31590853 0 20 theme Open 0:3 arg1 coating 5:11 Open coating 0:11 Open coating with natural wax particles 0:38 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 7 21 theme curing 1006:1011 arg1 temperature 1013:1023 The optimal curing temperature 994:1023 The optimal curing temperature 994:1023 The optimal curing temperature was 70 °C. 31590853 2 22 theme thin 319:322 arg1 coatings 330:337 thin, open coatings 319:337 thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability 319:479 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 2 23 theme natural 374:380 arg1 polymers 382:389 natural polymers 374:389 natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability 374:479 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 0 24 theme natural 18:24 arg1 particles 30:38 natural wax particles 18:38 natural wax particles 18:38 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 4 25 theme wetting 681:687 arg1 properties 689:698 The wetting properties 677:698 The wetting properties 677:698 The wetting properties were correlated to roughness of the textiles using white light interferometer. 31590853 3 26 from impact 486:491 arg1 water-repellency 580:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 wetting and long-term water-repellency 558:595 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 1 27 theme Environmental 112:124 arg1 textiles 144:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles are hampered by their tendency to absorb water, which restricts their use in functional clothing. 31590853 4 28 theme textiles 736:743 arg1 roughness 719:727 roughness 719:727 roughness of the textiles using white light interferometer 719:776 The wetting properties were correlated to roughness of the textiles using white light interferometer. 31590853 3 29 theme cationic 516:523 arg1 polymer 525:531 cationic polymer 516:531 cationic polymer 516:531 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 0 30 dep scalable 48:55 arg1 non-toxic 58:66 non-toxic 58:66 non-toxic 58:66 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 2 31 theme water-repellent 420:434 arg1 fabrics 412:418 cellulosic fabrics 401:418 cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability 401:479 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 0 32 theme wax 26:28 arg1 particles 30:38 natural wax particles 18:38 natural wax particles 18:38 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 5 33 theme X-ray 779:783 arg1 spectroscopy 799:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 779:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 779:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 5 34 theme effect 899:904 arg1 understanding 878:890 fundamental understanding 866:890 fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer 866:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 5 35 theme wax 926:928 arg1 layer 930:934 the wax layer 922:934 the wax layer 922:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 0 36 theme scalable 48:55 arg1 hydrophobation 68:81 scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation 48:81 scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles 48:109 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 5 37 theme photoelectron 785:797 arg1 spectroscopy 799:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 779:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 779:810 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 5 38 theme chemical 833:840 arg1 composition 842:852 the surface chemical composition 821:852 the surface chemical composition 821:852 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 3 39 theme contact 616:622 arg1 measurements 630:641 contact angle measurements 616:641 contact angle measurements 616:641 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 1 40 from use 223:225 arg1 clothing 241:248 functional clothing 230:248 functional clothing 230:248 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles are hampered by their tendency to absorb water, which restricts their use in functional clothing. 31590853 1 41 theme benign 126:131 arg1 textiles 144:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles are hampered by their tendency to absorb water, which restricts their use in functional clothing. 31590853 3 42 theme angle 624:628 arg1 measurements 630:641 contact angle measurements 616:641 contact angle measurements 616:641 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 0 43 with coating 5:11 arg1 particles 30:38 natural wax particles 18:38 natural wax particles 18:38 Open coating with natural wax particles enables scalable, non-toxic hydrophobation of cellulose-based textiles. 31590853 1 44 theme cellulosic 133:142 arg1 textiles 144:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles 112:151 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles are hampered by their tendency to absorb water, which restricts their use in functional clothing. 31590853 7 45 theme optimal 998:1004 arg1 temperature 1013:1023 The optimal curing temperature 994:1023 The optimal curing temperature 994:1023 The optimal curing temperature was 70 °C. 31590853 2 46 dep thin 319:322 arg1 open 325:328 open 325:328 open 325:328 Herein we describe a method to functionalize textile surfaces using thin, open coatings based on natural wax particles and natural polymers rendering cellulosic fabrics water-repellent while retaining their feel and breathability. 31590853 1 47 theme functional 230:239 arg1 clothing 241:248 functional clothing 230:248 functional clothing 230:248 Environmental benign cellulosic textiles are hampered by their tendency to absorb water, which restricts their use in functional clothing. 31590853 5 48 theme surface 825:831 arg1 composition 842:852 the surface chemical composition 821:852 the surface chemical composition 821:852 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 3 49 theme scanning 647:654 arg1 microscopy 665:674 scanning electron microscopy 647:674 scanning electron microscopy 647:674 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 5 50 theme annealing 909:917 arg1 effect 899:904 the effect 895:904 the effect of annealing on the wax layer 895:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 3 51 theme fabric 537:542 arg1 properties 544:553 fabric properties 537:553 fabric properties 537:553 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 5 52 theme fundamental 866:876 arg1 understanding 878:890 fundamental understanding 866:890 fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer 866:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 3 53 theme electron 656:663 arg1 microscopy 665:674 scanning electron microscopy 647:674 scanning electron microscopy 647:674 The impact of curing temperature, cationic polymer and fabric properties on wetting and long-term water-repellency were studied using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy. 31590853 5 54 from layer 930:934 arg1 understanding 878:890 fundamental understanding 866:890 fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer 866:934 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the surface chemical composition, leading to fundamental understanding of the effect of annealing on the wax layer. 31590853 4 55 theme light 757:761 arg1 interferometer 763:776 white light interferometer 751:776 white light interferometer 751:776 The wetting properties were correlated to roughness of the textiles using white light interferometer. 31136951 7 0 theme saponin 1160:1166 arg1 adsorption 1168:1177 the saponin adsorption 1156:1177 the saponin adsorption 1156:1177 This has been explained considering the changes of the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption. 31136951 5 1 from rheology 921:928 arg1 basis 842:846 the basis 838:846 the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 838:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 5 1 from rheology 921:928 arg1 properties 866:875 the adsorption properties 851:875 the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 851:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 4 2 theme high 748:751 arg1 values 753:758 high values 748:758 high values of dilational viscoelasticity 748:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 8 3 theme formulations 1235:1246 arg1 development 1216:1226 the development 1212:1226 the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1212:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 7 4 theme adsorption 1168:1177 arg1 dynamics 1144:1151 the dynamics 1140:1151 the dynamics of the saponin adsorption 1140:1177 This has been explained considering the changes of the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption. 31136951 1 5 theme mixed 158:162 arg1 solutions 181:189 mixed saponin-chitosan solutions 158:189 mixed saponin-chitosan solutions 158:189 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 8 6 theme foams 1283:1287 arg1 formulations 1235:1246 new formulations 1231:1246 new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1231:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 6 7 theme remarkable 956:965 arg1 effect 967:972 a remarkable effect 954:972 a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams 954:1024 Specifically, we found a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams. 31136951 8 8 theme commercial 1389:1398 arg1 products 1400:1407 commercial products 1389:1407 commercial products 1389:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 8 9 theme surfactants 1374:1384 arg1 use 1357:1359 the use 1353:1359 the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1353:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 5 10 theme interfacial 909:919 arg1 rheology 921:928 the interfacial rheology 905:928 the interfacial rheology 905:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 3 11 theme entire 570:575 arg1 evolution 582:590 their entire time evolution 564:590 their entire time evolution 564:590 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 1 12 theme saponin-chitosan 164:179 arg1 solutions 181:189 mixed saponin-chitosan solutions 158:189 mixed saponin-chitosan solutions 158:189 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 8 13 theme biodegradable 1251:1263 arg1 foams 1283:1287 biodegradable and biocompatible foams 1251:1287 biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1251:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 1 14 dep properties 116:125 arg1 the 104:106 the 104:106 the 104:106 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 1 15 theme solutions 181:189 arg1 foamability 131:141 foamability 131:141 foamability 131:141 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 1 15 theme solutions 181:189 arg1 properties 116:125 surface properties 108:125 surface properties 108:125 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 6 16 from effect 967:972 arg1 stability 1007:1015 the long-time stability 993:1015 the long-time stability of foams 993:1024 Specifically, we found a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams. 31136951 0 17 theme Surface 0:6 arg1 properties 8:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 2 18 theme bio-active 321:330 arg1 components 332:341 bio-active components 321:341 bio-active components 321:341 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 2 19 used used 227:230 arg2 compounds 206:214 These natural compounds 192:214 These natural compounds 192:214 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 4 20 theme strong 711:716 arg1 amphiphilicity 718:731 strong amphiphilicity 711:731 strong amphiphilicity of saponin 711:742 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 5 21 theme properties 866:875 arg1 basis 842:846 the basis 838:846 the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 838:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 5 22 theme adsorption 855:864 arg1 properties 866:875 the adsorption properties 851:875 the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 851:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 8 23 from use 1357:1359 arg1 products 1400:1407 commercial products 1389:1407 commercial products 1389:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 8 24 theme synthetic 1364:1372 arg1 surfactants 1374:1384 synthetic surfactants 1364:1384 synthetic surfactants 1364:1384 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 4 25 theme foam 685:688 arg1 stabilisers 690:700 foam stabilisers 685:700 foam stabilisers 685:700 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 4 25 theme foam 685:688 arg1 values 753:758 high values 748:758 high values of dilational viscoelasticity 748:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 4 25 theme foam 685:688 arg1 amphiphilicity 718:731 strong amphiphilicity 711:731 strong amphiphilicity of saponin 711:742 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 8 26 theme new 1231:1233 arg1 formulations 1235:1246 new formulations 1231:1246 new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1231:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 7 27 theme bulk 1082:1085 arg1 properties 1087:1096 the bulk properties 1078:1096 the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption 1078:1177 This has been explained considering the changes of the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption. 31136951 3 28 theme respective 510:519 arg1 foams 521:525 the respective foams 506:525 the respective foams 506:525 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 0 29 theme saponin 38:44 arg1 foamability 23:33 foamability 23:33 foamability 23:33 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 0 29 theme saponin 38:44 arg1 properties 8:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 2 30 theme cosmetic 243:250 arg1 technologies 277:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 8 31 theme industrial 1293:1302 arg1 applications 1304:1315 industrial applications 1293:1315 industrial applications 1293:1315 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 3 32 theme dilational 469:478 arg1 measurements 489:500 surface tension and dilational rheology measurements 449:500 measurements 489:500 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 6 33 theme long-time 997:1005 arg1 stability 1007:1015 the long-time stability 993:1015 the long-time stability of foams 993:1024 Specifically, we found a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams. 31136951 3 34 theme surface 449:455 arg1 tension 457:463 surface tension and dilational rheology measurements 449:500 tension 457:463 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 2 35 theme various 235:241 arg1 technologies 277:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 0 36 theme saponin-chitosan 50:65 arg1 foamability 23:33 foamability 23:33 foamability 23:33 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 0 36 theme saponin-chitosan 50:65 arg1 properties 8:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties 0:17 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 7 37 theme properties 1087:1096 arg1 changes 1067:1073 the changes 1063:1073 the changes of the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption 1063:1177 This has been explained considering the changes of the bulk properties induced by chitosan, which influence also the dynamics of the saponin adsorption. 31136951 6 38 theme foams 1020:1024 arg1 stability 1007:1015 the long-time stability 993:1015 the long-time stability of foams 993:1024 Specifically, we found a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams. 31136951 0 39 dep saponin 38:44 arg1 systems 67:73 systems 67:73 systems 67:73 Surface properties and foamability of saponin and saponin-chitosan systems. 31136951 1 40 theme surface 108:114 arg1 properties 116:125 surface properties 108:125 surface properties 108:125 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 6 41 theme chitosan 981:988 arg1 effect 967:972 a remarkable effect 954:972 a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams 954:1024 Specifically, we found a remarkable effect of the chitosan on the long-time stability of foams. 31136951 2 42 theme food 272:275 arg1 technologies 277:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 5 43 from interface 891:899 arg1 basis 842:846 the basis 838:846 the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 838:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 5 43 from interface 891:899 arg1 properties 866:875 the adsorption properties 851:875 the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology 851:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 4 44 theme viscoelasticity 774:788 arg1 values 753:758 high values 748:758 high values of dilational viscoelasticity 748:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 4 44 theme viscoelasticity 774:788 arg1 amphiphilicity 718:731 strong amphiphilicity 711:731 strong amphiphilicity of saponin 711:742 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 3 45 theme time 577:580 arg1 evolution 582:590 their entire time evolution 564:590 their entire time evolution 564:590 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 4 46 theme dilational 763:772 arg1 viscoelasticity 774:788 dilational viscoelasticity 763:788 dilational viscoelasticity 763:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 4 47 theme relevant 651:658 arg1 peculiarities 637:649 peculiarities 637:649 peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity 637:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 5 48 theme foams 808:812 arg1 behaviour 795:803 The behaviour 791:803 The behaviour of foams 791:812 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 2 49 theme natural 198:204 arg1 compounds 206:214 These natural compounds 192:214 These natural compounds 192:214 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 2 50 theme pharmaceutical 253:266 arg1 technologies 277:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies 235:288 These natural compounds are widely used in various cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food technologies because of their efficiency as bio-active components and their biodegradability. 31136951 5 51 theme liquid-air 880:889 arg1 interface 891:899 liquid-air interface 880:899 liquid-air interface 880:899 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 4 52 theme saponin 736:742 arg1 values 753:758 high values 748:758 high values of dilational viscoelasticity 748:788 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 4 52 theme saponin 736:742 arg1 amphiphilicity 718:731 strong amphiphilicity 711:731 strong amphiphilicity of saponin 711:742 The results show that these systems present peculiarities relevant for their utilisation as foam stabilisers, such as strong amphiphilicity of saponin and high values of dilational viscoelasticity. 31136951 3 53 theme rheology 480:487 arg1 measurements 489:500 surface tension and dilational rheology measurements 449:500 measurements 489:500 These compounds and their mixture were investigated versus the composition by surface tension and dilational rheology measurements and the respective foams analysed at the formation and during their entire time evolution. 31136951 8 54 theme biocompatible 1269:1281 arg1 foams 1283:1287 biodegradable and biocompatible foams 1251:1287 biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products 1251:1407 This work aims to contribute to the development of new formulations of biodegradable and biocompatible foams for industrial applications, where it is advantageous to reduce the use of synthetic surfactants in commercial products. 31136951 5 55 from basis 842:846 arg1 rheology 921:928 the interfacial rheology 905:928 the interfacial rheology 905:928 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 5 55 from basis 842:846 arg1 interface 891:899 liquid-air interface 880:899 liquid-air interface 880:899 The behaviour of foams has been interpreted on the basis of the adsorption properties at liquid-air interface and the interfacial rheology. 31136951 1 56 theme saponin 146:152 arg1 foamability 131:141 foamability 131:141 foamability 131:141 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 31136951 1 56 theme saponin 146:152 arg1 properties 116:125 surface properties 108:125 surface properties 108:125 In this work we investigate the surface properties and foamability of saponin and mixed saponin-chitosan solutions. 29734529 7 0 theme starch 1172:1177 arg1 biosynthesis 1179:1190 starch biosynthesis 1172:1190 starch biosynthesis 1172:1190 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 8 1 from increase 1412:1419 arg1 activities 1435:1444 key enzyme activities 1424:1444 key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1424:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 2 theme sweet 176:180 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 2 3 from accumulation 409:420 arg1 species 439:445 several plant species 425:445 several plant species 425:445 The SnRK1 gene has been found to increase starch accumulation in several plant species. 29734529 4 4 theme exogenous 655:663 arg1 sucrose 665:671 exogenous sucrose 655:671 exogenous sucrose 655:671 In this study, we found that the IbSnRK1 gene was highly expressed in the storage roots of sweet potato and strongly induced by exogenous sucrose. 29734529 8 5 theme key 1424:1426 arg1 activities 1435:1444 key enzyme activities 1424:1444 key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1424:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 6 theme starch 76:81 arg1 content 83:89 starch content 76:89 starch content 76:89 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 7 theme carbohydrate 335:346 arg1 metabolism 348:357 carbohydrate metabolism 335:357 carbohydrate metabolism 335:357 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 0 8 theme transgenic 165:174 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 8 9 theme biosynthesis 1465:1476 arg1 pathway 1478:1484 starch biosynthesis pathway 1458:1484 starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1458:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 10 from gelatinization 147:160 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 11 from degree 852:857 arg1 potato 915:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 1 12 theme metabolism 348:357 arg1 control 324:330 the global control 313:330 the global control of carbohydrate metabolism 313:357 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 7 13 theme biosynthesis 1056:1067 arg1 pathway 1069:1075 starch biosynthesis pathway 1049:1075 starch biosynthesis pathway 1049:1075 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 14 theme energy-sensing 264:277 arg1 kinase-1 231:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 190:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) 190:246 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 14 theme energy-sensing 264:277 arg1 regulator 279:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 6 15 theme crystallinity 862:874 arg1 degree 852:857 degree 852:857 degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants 852:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 8 16 from up-regulation 1377:1389 arg1 activities 1435:1444 key enzyme activities 1424:1444 key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1424:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 17 dep increased 749:757 arg1 enlarged 817:824 enlarged 817:824 enlarged granule size 817:837 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 6 18 theme first 947:951 arg1 time 953:956 the first time 943:956 the first time 943:956 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 0 19 theme granule 105:111 arg1 size 113:116 granule size 105:116 granule size 105:116 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 20 theme starch 1001:1006 arg1 quality 1008:1014 starch quality 1001:1014 starch quality of plants 1001:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 9 21 from quality 1572:1578 arg1 potato 1589:1594 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 potato 1589:1594 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 9 21 from quality 1572:1578 arg1 plants 1606:1611 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 plants 1606:1611 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 4 22 theme sweet 618:622 arg1 potato 624:629 sweet potato 618:629 sweet potato 618:629 In this study, we found that the IbSnRK1 gene was highly expressed in the storage roots of sweet potato and strongly induced by exogenous sucrose. 29734529 7 23 theme important 1148:1156 arg1 precursor 1158:1166 an important precursor 1145:1166 an important precursor for starch biosynthesis 1145:1190 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 24 theme starch 1049:1054 arg1 pathway 1069:1075 starch biosynthesis pathway 1049:1075 starch biosynthesis pathway 1049:1075 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 8 25 theme starch 1329:1334 arg1 content 1336:1342 starch content 1329:1342 starch content 1329:1342 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 5 26 theme circandian 702:711 arg1 rhythm 713:718 the circandian rhythm 698:718 the circandian rhythm 698:718 Its expression followed the circandian rhythm. 29734529 0 27 theme sucrose 2:8 arg1 kinase-1 43:50 sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 2:50 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene 0:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 28 theme transgenic 1258:1267 arg1 potato 1275:1280 transgenic sweet potato 1258:1280 transgenic sweet potato 1258:1280 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 29 theme starch 759:764 arg1 content 766:772 starch content 759:772 starch content 759:772 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 9 30 theme starch 1553:1558 arg1 content 1560:1566 starch content 1553:1566 starch content 1553:1566 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 7 31 theme ADP-glucose 1130:1140 arg1 activities 1200:1209 the activities 1196:1209 the activities of key enzymes 1196:1224 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 31 theme ADP-glucose 1130:1140 arg1 content 1119:1125 the content 1115:1125 the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis 1115:1190 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 32 theme plants 1019:1024 arg1 quality 1008:1014 starch quality 1001:1014 starch quality of plants 1001:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 6 33 theme gelatinization 880:893 arg1 degree 852:857 degree 852:857 degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants 852:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 6 34 theme sweet 909:913 arg1 potato 915:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 4 35 theme potato 624:629 arg1 roots 609:613 the storage roots 597:613 the storage roots of sweet potato 597:629 In this study, we found that the IbSnRK1 gene was highly expressed in the storage roots of sweet potato and strongly induced by exogenous sucrose. 29734529 0 36 theme protein 35:41 arg1 kinase-1 43:50 sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 2:50 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene 0:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 37 theme important 963:971 arg1 roles 973:977 the important roles 959:977 the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants 959:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 8 38 theme transgenic 1489:1498 arg1 potato 1506:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 39 theme Sucrose 190:196 arg1 regulator 279:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 39 theme Sucrose 190:196 arg1 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 39 theme Sucrose 190:196 arg1 kinase-1 231:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 190:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) 190:246 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 0 40 theme non-fermenting-1-related 10:33 arg1 kinase-1 43:50 sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 2:50 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene 0:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 41 from content 83:89 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 42 theme non-fermenting-1-related 198:221 arg1 regulator 279:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 42 theme non-fermenting-1-related 198:221 arg1 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 42 theme non-fermenting-1-related 198:221 arg1 kinase-1 231:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 190:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) 190:246 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 43 theme key 301:303 arg1 role 305:308 a key role 299:308 a key role 299:308 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 2 44 theme starch 402:407 arg1 accumulation 409:420 starch accumulation 402:420 starch accumulation in several plant species 402:445 The SnRK1 gene has been found to increase starch accumulation in several plant species. 29734529 1 45 theme protein 223:229 arg1 regulator 279:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 45 theme protein 223:229 arg1 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 SnRK1 241:245 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 45 theme protein 223:229 arg1 kinase-1 231:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 190:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) 190:246 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 0 46 theme kinase-1 43:50 arg1 gene 52:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene 0:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene 0:55 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 46 theme kinase-1 43:50 arg1 IbSnRK1 58:64 IbSnRK1 58:64 IbSnRK1 58:64 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 47 theme essential 254:262 arg1 kinase-1 231:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 190:238 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) 190:246 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 1 47 theme essential 254:262 arg1 regulator 279:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 an essential energy-sensing regulator 251:287 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 6 48 theme granule 826:832 arg1 size 834:837 granule size 826:837 granule size 826:837 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 2 49 theme plant 433:437 arg1 species 439:445 several plant species 425:445 several plant species 425:445 The SnRK1 gene has been found to increase starch accumulation in several plant species. 29734529 8 50 theme enzyme 1428:1433 arg1 activities 1435:1444 key enzyme activities 1424:1444 key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1424:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 4 51 theme storage 601:607 arg1 roots 609:613 the storage roots 597:613 the storage roots of sweet potato 597:629 In this study, we found that the IbSnRK1 gene was highly expressed in the storage roots of sweet potato and strongly induced by exogenous sucrose. 29734529 8 52 from pathway 1478:1484 arg1 potato 1506:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 9 53 contain has 1524:1526 arg1 gene 1519:1522 This gene 1514:1522 This gene 1514:1522 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 9 53 contain has 1524:1526 arg2 potential 1532:1540 the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants 1528:1611 the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants 1528:1611 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 8 54 theme genes 1398:1402 arg1 up-regulation 1377:1389 systematical up-regulation 1364:1389 systematical up-regulation of the genes 1364:1402 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 8 54 theme genes 1398:1402 arg1 increase 1412:1419 the increase 1408:1419 the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1408:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 3 55 theme starch 480:485 arg1 quality 487:493 starch quality 480:493 starch quality 480:493 However, its roles in improving starch quality have not been reported to date. 29734529 8 56 theme sweet 1500:1504 arg1 potato 1506:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 transgenic sweet potato 1489:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 57 theme crystallinity 129:141 arg1 degree 119:124 degree 119:124 degree of crystallinity 119:141 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 57 theme crystallinity 129:141 arg1 composition 92:102 composition 92:102 composition 92:102 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 57 theme crystallinity 129:141 arg1 size 113:116 granule size 105:116 granule size 105:116 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 57 theme crystallinity 129:141 arg1 content 83:89 starch content 76:89 starch content 76:89 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 57 theme crystallinity 129:141 arg1 gelatinization 147:160 gelatinization 147:160 gelatinization 147:160 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 8 58 theme starch 1458:1463 arg1 pathway 1478:1484 starch biosynthesis pathway 1458:1484 starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato 1458:1511 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 1 59 theme global 317:322 arg1 control 324:330 the global control 313:330 the global control of carbohydrate metabolism 313:357 Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) is an essential energy-sensing regulator and plays a key role in the global control of carbohydrate metabolism. 29734529 6 60 theme amylose 808:814 arg1 proportion 794:803 proportion 794:803 proportion of amylose 794:814 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 9 61 theme other 1600:1604 arg1 plants 1606:1611 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 plants 1606:1611 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 9 62 theme sweet 1583:1587 arg1 potato 1589:1594 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 potato 1589:1594 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 8 63 theme systematical 1364:1375 arg1 up-regulation 1377:1389 systematical up-regulation 1364:1389 systematical up-regulation of the genes 1364:1402 These findings indicate that IbSnRK1 improves starch content and quality through systematical up-regulation of the genes and the increase in key enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis pathway in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 6 64 theme SnRK1 982:986 arg1 roles 973:977 the important roles 959:977 the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants 959:1024 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 0 65 from composition 92:102 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 66 theme enzymes 1218:1224 arg1 activities 1200:1209 the activities 1196:1209 the activities of key enzymes 1196:1224 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 66 theme enzymes 1218:1224 arg1 content 1119:1125 the content 1115:1125 the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis 1115:1190 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 0 67 from degree 119:124 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 68 theme sweet 1269:1273 arg1 potato 1275:1280 transgenic sweet potato 1258:1280 transgenic sweet potato 1258:1280 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 7 69 theme key 1214:1216 arg1 enzymes 1218:1224 key enzymes 1214:1224 key enzymes 1214:1224 The genes involved in starch biosynthesis pathway were systematically up-regulated, and the content of ADP-glucose as an important precursor for starch biosynthesis and the activities of key enzymes were significantly increased in transgenic sweet potato. 29734529 9 70 from content 1560:1566 arg1 potato 1589:1594 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 potato 1589:1594 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 9 70 from content 1560:1566 arg1 plants 1606:1611 sweet potato and other plants 1583:1611 plants 1606:1611 This gene has the potential to improve starch content and quality in sweet potato and other plants. 29734529 4 71 theme IbSnRK1 560:566 arg1 gene 568:571 the IbSnRK1 gene 556:571 the IbSnRK1 gene 556:571 In this study, we found that the IbSnRK1 gene was highly expressed in the storage roots of sweet potato and strongly induced by exogenous sucrose. 29734529 6 72 theme transgenic 898:907 arg1 potato 915:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 transgenic sweet potato 898:920 Its overexpression not only increased starch content, but also decreased proportion of amylose, enlarged granule size and improved degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato, which revealed, for the first time, the important roles of SnRK1 in improving starch quality of plants. 29734529 2 73 theme several 425:431 arg1 species 439:445 several plant species 425:445 several plant species 425:445 The SnRK1 gene has been found to increase starch accumulation in several plant species. 29734529 2 74 theme SnRK1 364:368 arg1 gene 370:373 The SnRK1 gene 360:373 The SnRK1 gene 360:373 The SnRK1 gene has been found to increase starch accumulation in several plant species. 29734529 0 75 from size 113:116 arg1 potato 182:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 transgenic sweet potato 165:187 A sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 gene, IbSnRK1, improves starch content, composition, granule size, degree of crystallinity and gelatinization in transgenic sweet potato. 29889195 0 0 theme Sols 99:102 arg1 Freeze-drying 56:68 the Unidirectional Freeze-drying 37:68 the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 37:102 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 5 1 theme MHMs 779:782 arg1 formation 766:774 the formation 762:774 the formation of MHMs through the UDF process 762:806 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 6 2 with nanofibers 833:842 arg1 substances 863:872 water soluble substances 849:872 water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs 849:896 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 0 3 theme Based 93:97 arg1 Sols 99:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 6 4 theme cellulose 823:831 arg1 nanofibers 833:842 the cellulose nanofibers 819:842 the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs 819:896 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 5 5 theme structure-directing 728:746 arg1 nanofibers 694:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 5 5 theme structure-directing 728:746 arg1 agent 748:752 a distinct structure-directing agent 717:752 a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process 717:806 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 3 6 from precursors 539:548 arg1 method 509:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method 472:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors 472:548 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 0 7 dep Method 105:110 arg1 Monoliths 15:23 Monoliths 15:23 Monoliths 15:23 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 1 8 theme multidisciplinary 184:200 arg1 fields 202:207 multidisciplinary fields 184:207 multidisciplinary fields 184:207 Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. 29889195 3 9 dep now 440:442 arg1 Up 434:435 Up 434:435 Up 434:435 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 4 10 theme MHMs 603:606 arg1 series 593:598 a series 591:598 a series of MHMs consisting of different components 591:641 Herein, we report a protocol from which a series of MHMs consisting of different components can be obtained. 29889195 2 11 theme areas 427:431 arg1 monoliths 282:290 microhoneycomb monoliths 267:290 microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels 267:328 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 11 theme areas 427:431 arg1 platforms 356:364 efficient platforms 346:364 efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas 346:431 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 12 theme efficient 346:354 arg1 monoliths 282:290 microhoneycomb monoliths 267:290 microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels 267:328 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 12 theme efficient 346:354 arg1 platforms 356:364 efficient platforms 346:364 efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas 346:431 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 13 theme surface 419:425 arg1 areas 427:431 their large surface areas 407:431 their large surface areas 407:431 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 3 14 theme freeze-drying 489:501 arg1 method 509:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method 472:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors 472:548 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 2 15 theme large 413:417 arg1 areas 427:431 their large surface areas 407:431 their large surface areas 407:431 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 6 16 theme composite 912:920 arg1 MHMs 922:925 composite MHMs 912:925 composite MHMs 912:925 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 1 17 theme high 222:225 arg1 ratio 246:250 their high strength-to-weight ratio 216:250 their high strength-to-weight ratio 216:250 Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. 29889195 0 18 theme Unidirectional 41:54 arg1 Freeze-drying 56:68 the Unidirectional Freeze-drying 37:68 the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 37:102 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 2 19 theme microhoneycomb 267:280 arg1 MHMs 293:296 MHMs 293:296 MHMs 293:296 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 19 theme microhoneycomb 267:280 arg1 monoliths 282:290 microhoneycomb monoliths 267:290 microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels 267:328 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 2 19 theme microhoneycomb 267:280 arg1 platforms 356:364 efficient platforms 346:364 efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas 346:431 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 1 20 theme strength-to-weight 227:244 arg1 ratio 246:250 their high strength-to-weight ratio 216:250 their high strength-to-weight ratio 216:250 Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. 29889195 5 21 theme UDF 796:798 arg1 process 800:806 the UDF process 792:806 the UDF process 792:806 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 5 22 theme distinct 719:726 arg1 nanofibers 694:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 5 22 theme distinct 719:726 arg1 agent 748:752 a distinct structure-directing agent 717:752 a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process 717:806 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 3 23 theme unidirectional 474:487 arg1 method 509:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method 472:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors 472:548 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 2 24 with monoliths 282:290 arg1 channels 321:328 micrometer-scale channels 304:328 micrometer-scale channels 304:328 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 6 25 theme soluble 855:861 arg1 substances 863:872 water soluble substances 849:872 water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs 849:896 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 2 26 theme micrometer-scale 304:319 arg1 channels 321:328 micrometer-scale channels 304:328 micrometer-scale channels 304:328 Particularly, microhoneycomb monoliths (MHMs) with micrometer-scale channels are expected as efficient platforms for reactions and separations because of their large surface areas. 29889195 1 27 theme Monolithic 128:137 arg1 structures 149:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures 128:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures 128:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. 29889195 5 28 theme cellulose 684:692 arg1 nanofibers 694:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 cellulose nanofibers 684:703 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 5 28 theme cellulose 684:692 arg1 agent 748:752 a distinct structure-directing agent 717:752 a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process 717:806 Recently, we found that cellulose nanofibers function as a distinct structure-directing agent towards the formation of MHMs through the UDF process. 29889195 7 29 theme versatile 1014:1022 arg1 applications 1024:1035 versatile applications 1014:1035 versatile applications 1014:1035 This significantly enriches the chemical constitution of MHMs towards versatile applications. 29889195 1 30 theme honeycomb 139:147 arg1 structures 149:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures 128:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures 128:158 Monolithic honeycomb structures have been attractive to multidisciplinary fields due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. 29889195 3 31 theme UDF 504:506 arg1 method 509:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method 472:514 a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors 472:548 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 0 32 theme Nanofiber 83:91 arg1 Sols 99:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 7 33 theme MHMs 1001:1004 arg1 constitution 985:996 the chemical constitution 972:996 the chemical constitution of MHMs towards versatile applications 972:1035 This significantly enriches the chemical constitution of MHMs towards versatile applications. 29889195 3 34 theme limited 531:537 arg1 precursors 539:548 very limited precursors 526:548 very limited precursors 526:548 Up to now, MHMs have been prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying (UDF) method only from very limited precursors. 29889195 4 35 theme different 622:630 arg1 components 632:641 different components 622:641 different components 622:641 Herein, we report a protocol from which a series of MHMs consisting of different components can be obtained. 29889195 0 36 theme Cellulose 73:81 arg1 Sols 99:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols 73:102 Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions. 29889195 6 37 theme MHMs 922:925 arg1 variety 901:907 a variety 899:907 a variety of composite MHMs 899:925 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 6 37 theme MHMs 922:925 arg1 MHMs 922:925 composite MHMs 912:925 composite MHMs 912:925 By mixing the cellulose nanofibers with water soluble substances which do not yield MHMs, a variety of composite MHMs can be prepared. 29889195 7 38 theme chemical 976:983 arg1 constitution 985:996 the chemical constitution 972:996 the chemical constitution of MHMs towards versatile applications 972:1035 This significantly enriches the chemical constitution of MHMs towards versatile applications. 30993735 8 0 theme promising 1178:1186 arg1 strategy 1188:1195 a promising strategy 1176:1195 a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1176:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 11 1 theme dolomite-alginate 1595:1611 arg1 beads 1613:1617 the dolomite-alginate beads 1591:1617 the dolomite-alginate beads 1591:1617 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 1 2 theme P 235:235 arg1 utilization 237:247 sustainable P utilization 223:247 sustainable P utilization 223:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 8 3 theme composite 1129:1137 arg1 hydrogel 1139:1146 DA composite hydrogel 1126:1146 DA composite hydrogel 1126:1146 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 8 3 theme composite 1129:1137 arg1 example 1154:1160 an example 1151:1160 an example 1151:1160 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 7 4 theme adsorbed 1004:1011 arg1 criterion 1046:1054 an important criterion 1033:1054 an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1033:1105 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 7 4 theme adsorbed 1004:1011 arg1 phosphate 1013:1021 the adsorbed phosphate 1000:1021 the adsorbed phosphate 1000:1021 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 3 5 theme calcium 517:523 arg1 matrix 556:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 12 6 theme phosphorus 1693:1702 arg1 fertilizer 1704:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 12 6 theme phosphorus 1693:1702 arg1 beads 1659:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 4 7 theme Langmuir-Freundlich 600:618 arg1 model 631:635 a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model 598:635 a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity 598:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 4 8 theme adsorption 658:667 arg1 capacity 669:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 10 9 theme dolomite 1517:1524 arg1 capacity 1505:1512 the specific adsorption capacity 1481:1512 the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus 1481:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 3 10 theme cross-linked 525:536 arg1 matrix 556:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 2 11 theme novel 272:276 arg1 approach 278:285 a novel approach 270:285 a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption 270:402 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 0 12 theme potential 90:98 arg1 fertilizer 100:109 potential fertilizer 90:109 potential fertilizer 90:109 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 8 13 theme DA 1126:1127 arg1 hydrogel 1139:1146 DA composite hydrogel 1126:1146 DA composite hydrogel 1126:1146 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 8 13 theme DA 1126:1127 arg1 example 1154:1160 an example 1151:1160 an example 1151:1160 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 6 14 theme adsorption 873:882 arg1 capacity 884:891 a maximum adsorption capacity 863:891 a maximum adsorption capacity 863:891 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 10 15 from capacity 1505:1512 arg1 phosphorus 1529:1538 phosphorus 1529:1538 phosphorus 1529:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 10 16 from dolomite 1517:1524 arg1 phosphorus 1529:1538 phosphorus 1529:1538 phosphorus 1529:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 3 17 theme dolomite 495:502 arg1 powders 504:510 ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders 472:510 ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders 472:510 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 6 18 theme maximum 865:871 arg1 capacity 884:891 a maximum adsorption capacity 863:891 a maximum adsorption capacity 863:891 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 1 19 dep recovery 116:123 arg1 The 112:114 The 112:114 The 112:114 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 8 20 theme phosphorous 1303:1313 arg1 resource 1315:1322 phosphorous resource 1303:1322 phosphorous resource 1303:1322 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 2 21 theme adsorption 393:402 arg1 capacity 371:378 the capacity 367:378 the capacity of phosphate adsorption 367:402 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 3 22 theme Dolomite-alginate 405:421 arg1 beads 437:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads 405:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads 405:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 4 23 theme adsorption 620:629 arg1 model 631:635 a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model 598:635 a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity 598:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 8 24 theme ultrafine 1213:1221 arg1 adsorbents 1231:1240 ultrafine mineral adsorbents 1213:1240 ultrafine mineral adsorbents 1213:1240 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 4 25 theme specific 649:656 arg1 capacity 669:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 2 26 theme phosphate 383:391 arg1 adsorption 393:402 phosphate adsorption 383:402 phosphate adsorption 383:402 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 0 27 theme adsorption 9:18 arg1 release 29:35 adsorption and slow release 9:35 adsorption and slow release of phosphate 9:48 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 9 28 theme alginate 1390:1397 arg1 beads 1408:1412 alginate hydrogel beads 1390:1412 alginate hydrogel beads 1390:1412 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 9 29 theme hydrogel 1399:1406 arg1 beads 1408:1412 alginate hydrogel beads 1390:1412 alginate hydrogel beads 1390:1412 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 2 30 theme ultrafine 302:310 arg1 particles 320:328 ultrafine mineral particles 302:328 ultrafine mineral particles 302:328 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 7 31 theme effective 1074:1082 arg1 fertilizer 1096:1105 an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1071:1105 an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1071:1105 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 1 32 theme treatment 169:177 arg1 process 179:185 wastewater treatment process 158:185 wastewater treatment process 158:185 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 7 33 theme phosphorous 1084:1094 arg1 fertilizer 1096:1105 an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1071:1105 an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1071:1105 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 7 34 theme important 1036:1044 arg1 criterion 1046:1054 an important criterion 1033:1054 an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer 1033:1105 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 7 34 theme important 1036:1044 arg1 phosphate 1013:1021 the adsorbed phosphate 1000:1021 the adsorbed phosphate 1000:1021 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 10 35 theme specific 1485:1492 arg1 capacity 1505:1512 the specific adsorption capacity 1481:1512 the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus 1481:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 9 36 theme PRACTITIONER 1341:1352 arg1 POINTS 1354:1359 PRACTITIONER POINTS 1341:1359 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 1341:1448 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 8 37 theme resource 1315:1322 arg1 recovery 1291:1298 effective recovery 1281:1298 effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1281:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 3 38 theme hydrogel 428:435 arg1 beads 437:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads 405:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads 405:441 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 0 39 theme slow 24:27 arg1 release 29:35 adsorption and slow release 9:35 adsorption and slow release of phosphate 9:48 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 4 40 theme adsorption 568:577 arg1 isotherms 579:587 The adsorption isotherms 564:587 The adsorption isotherms 564:587 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 6 41 theme different 843:851 arg1 pH 853:854 different pH 843:854 different pH 843:854 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 12 42 theme dolomite-alginate 1641:1657 arg1 fertilizer 1704:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 12 42 theme dolomite-alginate 1641:1657 arg1 beads 1659:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 6 43 from pH 853:854 arg1 Investigation 803:815 Investigation 803:815 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH 803:854 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 8 44 from wastewater 1329:1338 arg1 recovery 1291:1298 effective recovery 1281:1298 effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1281:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 10 45 from phosphorus 1529:1538 arg1 capacity 1505:1512 the specific adsorption capacity 1481:1512 the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus 1481:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 3 46 theme hydrogel 547:554 arg1 matrix 556:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 3 47 theme ball-milled 472:482 arg1 powders 504:510 ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders 472:510 ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders 472:510 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 8 48 theme hydrogel 1261:1268 arg1 matrix 1270:1275 biocompatible hydrogel matrix 1247:1275 biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1247:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 9 49 dep POINTS 1354:1359 arg1 demonstrated 1417:1428 demonstrated 1417:1428 is demonstrated using ball milling 1414:1447 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 3 50 link cross-linked 525:536 arg1 matrix 556:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 11 51 theme Adsorption 1541:1550 arg1 isotherms 1552:1560 Adsorption isotherms 1541:1560 Adsorption isotherms 1541:1560 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 1 52 theme critical 192:199 arg1 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 52 theme critical 192:199 arg1 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 52 theme critical 192:199 arg1 target 212:217 a critical and viable target 190:217 a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization 190:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 8 53 theme biocompatible 1247:1259 arg1 matrix 1270:1275 biocompatible hydrogel matrix 1247:1275 biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1247:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 9 54 theme beads 1408:1412 arg1 Integration 1362:1372 Integration 1362:1372 Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads 1362:1412 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 8 55 theme mineral 1223:1229 arg1 adsorbents 1231:1240 ultrafine mineral adsorbents 1213:1240 ultrafine mineral adsorbents 1213:1240 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 10 56 theme adsorption 1494:1503 arg1 capacity 1505:1512 the specific adsorption capacity 1481:1512 the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus 1481:1538 Ball milling process increases the specific adsorption capacity of dolomite on phosphorus. 30993735 9 57 theme ball 1436:1439 arg1 milling 1441:1447 ball milling 1436:1447 ball milling 1436:1447 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 6 58 theme 7-10 912:915 arg1 range 903:907 the pH range 896:907 the pH range of 7-10 896:915 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 6 59 theme capacity 831:838 arg1 Investigation 803:815 Investigation 803:815 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH 803:854 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 2 60 theme hydrogel 335:342 arg1 matrixes 344:351 hydrogel matrixes 335:351 hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption 335:402 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 0 61 theme phosphate 40:48 arg1 release 29:35 adsorption and slow release 9:35 adsorption and slow release of phosphate 9:48 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 12 62 theme slow-release 1680:1691 arg1 fertilizer 1704:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 12 62 theme slow-release 1680:1691 arg1 beads 1659:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 5 63 theme phosphate 729:737 arg1 adsorption 739:748 phosphate adsorption 729:748 phosphate adsorption 729:748 The kinetics of phosphate adsorption suggest that the adsorption is diffusion controlled. 30993735 6 64 theme adsorption 820:829 arg1 capacity 831:838 adsorption capacity 820:838 adsorption capacity 820:838 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 5 65 theme adsorption 739:748 arg1 kinetics 717:724 The kinetics 713:724 The kinetics of phosphate adsorption 713:748 The kinetics of phosphate adsorption suggest that the adsorption is diffusion controlled. 30993735 11 66 theme beads 1613:1617 arg1 kinetics 1563:1570 kinetics 1563:1570 kinetics 1563:1570 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 11 66 theme beads 1613:1617 arg1 isotherms 1552:1560 Adsorption isotherms 1541:1560 Adsorption isotherms 1541:1560 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 11 66 theme beads 1613:1617 arg1 effects 1580:1586 pH effects 1577:1586 pH effects 1577:1586 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 9 67 theme dolomite 1377:1384 arg1 Integration 1362:1372 Integration 1362:1372 Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads 1362:1412 PRACTITIONER POINTS: Integration of dolomite and alginate hydrogel beads is demonstrated using ball milling. 30993735 11 68 theme pH 1577:1578 arg1 effects 1580:1586 pH effects 1577:1586 pH effects 1577:1586 Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and pH effects of the dolomite-alginate beads are investigated. 30993735 1 69 theme viable 205:210 arg1 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 69 theme viable 205:210 arg1 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 69 theme viable 205:210 arg1 target 212:217 a critical and viable target 190:217 a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization 190:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 6 70 theme pH 900:901 arg1 range 903:907 the pH range 896:907 the pH range of 7-10 896:915 Investigation of adsorption capacity at different pH showed a maximum adsorption capacity in the pH range of 7-10. 30993735 4 71 with model 631:635 arg1 capacity 669:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 2 72 theme mineral 312:318 arg1 particles 320:328 ultrafine mineral particles 302:328 ultrafine mineral particles 302:328 This study explores a novel approach of integrating ultrafine mineral particles into hydrogel matrixes for enhancing the capacity of phosphate adsorption. 30993735 7 73 theme DA 951:952 arg1 beads 954:958 the DA beads 947:958 the DA beads 947:958 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 7 73 theme DA 951:952 arg1 capable 964:970 capable 964:970 capable 964:970 Lastly, we demonstrated that the DA beads are capable of slowly releasing most of the adsorbed phosphate, which is an important criterion for them to be an effective phosphorous fertilizer. 30993735 4 74 theme higher 642:647 arg1 capacity 669:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 higher specific adsorption capacity 642:676 The adsorption isotherms followed a Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption model with higher specific adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. 30993735 0 75 theme composite 71:79 arg1 beads 81:85 dolomite-alginate composite beads 53:85 dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer 53:109 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 12 76 used used 1672:1675 arg2 fertilizer 1704:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 slow-release phosphorus fertilizer 1680:1713 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 12 76 used used 1672:1675 arg2 beads 1659:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads 1637:1663 The dolomite-alginate beads can be used as slow-release phosphorus fertilizer. 30993735 1 77 from process 179:185 arg1 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 77 from process 179:185 arg1 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 77 from process 179:185 arg1 target 212:217 a critical and viable target 190:217 a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization 190:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 78 theme phosphorus 138:147 arg1 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 reuse 129:133 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 78 theme phosphorus 138:147 arg1 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 recovery 116:123 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 78 theme phosphorus 138:147 arg1 target 212:217 a critical and viable target 190:217 a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization 190:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 1 79 theme wastewater 158:167 arg1 process 179:185 wastewater treatment process 158:185 wastewater treatment process 158:185 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 30993735 0 80 theme dolomite-alginate 53:69 arg1 beads 81:85 dolomite-alginate composite beads 53:85 dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer 53:109 Enhanced adsorption and slow release of phosphate by dolomite-alginate composite beads as potential fertilizer. 30993735 8 81 theme effective 1281:1289 arg1 recovery 1291:1298 effective recovery 1281:1298 effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater 1281:1338 This study, using DA composite hydrogel as an example, demonstrates a promising strategy of immobilizing ultrafine mineral adsorbents into biocompatible hydrogel matrix for effective recovery of phosphorous resource from wastewater. 30993735 3 82 dep ball-milled 472:482 arg1 ultrafine 485:493 ultrafine 485:493 ultrafine 485:493 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 3 83 theme alginate 538:545 arg1 matrix 556:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix 517:561 Dolomite-alginate (DA) hydrogel beads were prepared by integrating ball-milled, ultrafine dolomite powders into calcium cross-linked alginate hydrogel matrix. 30993735 1 84 theme sustainable 223:233 arg1 utilization 237:247 sustainable P utilization 223:247 sustainable P utilization 223:247 The recovery and reuse of phosphorus (P) from wastewater treatment process is a critical and viable target for sustainable P utilization. 31208010 0 0 theme Microbial 81:89 arg1 Diversity 91:99 Microbial Diversity 81:99 Microbial Diversity 81:99 Resistant Starch is Actively Fermented by Infant Faecal Microbiota and Increases Microbial Diversity. 31208010 8 1 theme HAMS 1059:1062 arg1 Fermentation 1043:1054 Fermentation 1043:1054 Fermentation of HAMS 1043:1062 Fermentation of HAMS increased further following commencement of solids. 31208010 10 2 from infants 1322:1328 arg1 inocula 1309:1315 the faecal inocula 1298:1315 the faecal inocula from infants 1298:1328 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 10 2 from infants 1322:1328 arg1 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 1 3 theme starch 148:153 arg1 fermentation 113:124 fermentation 113:124 fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), 113:186 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 4 theme prebiotic 194:202 arg1 effect 204:209 a prebiotic effect 192:209 a prebiotic effect 192:209 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 6 5 theme control 829:835 arg1 incubations 837:847 parallel control incubations 820:847 parallel control incubations 820:847 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 6 6 theme short-chain 736:746 arg1 SCFA 760:763 SCFA 760:763 SCFA 760:763 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 6 6 theme short-chain 736:746 arg1 acid 754:757 short-chain fatty acid 736:757 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 736:775 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 2 7 dep capacity 224:231 arg1 programme 273:281 programme 273:281 programme 273:281 Were such a capacity to exist in infants, intake of RS might programme the gut microbiota during a critical developmental period. 31208010 9 8 theme faecal 1148:1153 arg1 inocula 1155:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 6 9 theme parallel 820:827 arg1 incubations 837:847 parallel control incubations 820:847 parallel control incubations 820:847 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 7 10 theme SCFAs 1011:1015 arg1 production 991:1000 the production 987:1000 the production of total SCFAs 987:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 7 11 theme significant 885:895 arg1 decrease 897:904 a significant decrease 883:904 a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations 883:955 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 7 12 from increase 975:982 arg1 production 991:1000 the production 987:1000 the production of total SCFAs 987:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 10 13 theme RS 1344:1345 arg1 fermentation 1347:1358 RS fermentation 1344:1358 RS fermentation 1344:1358 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 10 14 theme faecal 1302:1307 arg1 inocula 1309:1315 the faecal inocula 1298:1315 the faecal inocula from infants 1298:1328 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 10 14 theme faecal 1302:1307 arg1 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 4 15 theme Faecal 523:528 arg1 samples 530:536 Faecal samples 523:536 Faecal samples 523:536 Faecal samples were collected from 17 healthy infants at two timepoints: Preweaning and within 10 weeks of first solids. 31208010 10 16 theme weaning 1385:1391 arg1 stage 1376:1380 stage 1376:1380 stage of weaning 1376:1391 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 2 17 theme developmental 320:332 arg1 period 334:339 a critical developmental period 309:339 a critical developmental period 309:339 Were such a capacity to exist in infants, intake of RS might programme the gut microbiota during a critical developmental period. 31208010 5 18 theme in 676:677 arg1 fermentation 691:702 in vitro batch fermentation 676:702 in vitro batch fermentation 676:702 Fermentation was assessed using in vitro batch fermentation. 31208010 9 19 theme increased 1227:1235 arg1 abundance 1237:1245 increased abundance 1227:1245 increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides 1227:1280 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 7 20 theme total 1005:1009 arg1 SCFAs 1011:1015 total SCFAs 1005:1015 total SCFAs 1005:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 2 21 theme critical 311:318 arg1 period 334:339 a critical developmental period 309:339 a critical developmental period 309:339 Were such a capacity to exist in infants, intake of RS might programme the gut microbiota during a critical developmental period. 31208010 8 22 theme solids 1108:1113 arg1 commencement 1092:1103 commencement 1092:1103 commencement of solids 1092:1113 Fermentation of HAMS increased further following commencement of solids. 31208010 9 23 theme Bacteroides 1270:1280 arg1 abundance 1237:1245 increased abundance 1227:1245 increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides 1227:1280 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 10 24 theme stage 1376:1380 arg1 independent 1361:1371 independent 1361:1371 independent 1361:1371 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 6 25 theme h 718:718 arg1 incubation 720:729 24 h incubation 715:729 24 h incubation 715:729 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 7 26 dep control 928:934 arg1 incubations 945:955 incubations 945:955 incubations 945:955 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 0 27 theme Resistant 0:8 arg1 Starch 10:15 Resistant Starch 0:15 Resistant Starch 0:15 Resistant Starch is Actively Fermented by Infant Faecal Microbiota and Increases Microbial Diversity. 31208010 6 28 theme 24 715:716 arg1 h 718:718 h 718:718 h 718:718 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 3 29 theme microbial 500:508 arg1 composition 510:520 microbial composition 500:520 microbial composition 500:520 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 7 30 from h 912:912 arg1 pH 917:918 pH 917:918 pH between control and HAMS incubations 917:955 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 7 30 from h 912:912 arg1 decrease 897:904 a significant decrease 883:904 a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations 883:955 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 7 30 from h 912:912 arg1 increase 975:982 a significant increase 961:982 a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs 961:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 9 31 theme Bifidobacterium 1250:1264 arg1 abundance 1237:1245 increased abundance 1227:1245 increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides 1227:1280 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 10 32 theme fermentation 1347:1358 arg1 inocula 1309:1315 the faecal inocula 1298:1315 the faecal inocula from infants 1298:1328 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 10 32 theme fermentation 1347:1358 arg1 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 7 33 theme preweaning 853:862 arg1 infants 864:870 preweaning infants 853:870 preweaning infants 853:870 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 3 34 theme associated 478:487 arg1 changes 489:495 associated changes 478:495 associated changes to microbial composition 478:520 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 1 35 theme resistant 165:173 arg1 starch 175:180 a resistant starch 163:180 a resistant starch (RS) 163:185 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 35 theme resistant 165:173 arg1 starch 148:153 high amylose maize starch 129:153 high amylose maize starch (HAMS) 129:160 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 35 theme resistant 165:173 arg1 RS 183:184 RS 183:184 RS 183:184 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 6 36 theme microbial 781:789 arg1 composition 791:801 microbial composition 781:801 microbial composition 781:801 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 10 37 from capable 1333:1339 arg1 conclusion 1286:1295 conclusion 1286:1295 conclusion 1286:1295 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 4 38 theme healthy 561:567 arg1 infants 569:575 17 healthy infants 558:575 17 healthy infants 558:575 Faecal samples were collected from 17 healthy infants at two timepoints: Preweaning and within 10 weeks of first solids. 31208010 4 39 theme first 630:634 arg1 solids 636:641 first solids 630:641 first solids 630:641 Faecal samples were collected from 17 healthy infants at two timepoints: Preweaning and within 10 weeks of first solids. 31208010 3 40 theme infant 375:380 arg1 inocula 389:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 7 41 from decrease 897:904 arg1 production 991:1000 the production 987:1000 the production of total SCFAs 987:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 7 42 theme significant 963:973 arg1 increase 975:982 a significant increase 961:982 a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs 961:1015 In preweaning infants, there was a significant decrease at 24 h in pH between control and HAMS incubations and a significant increase in the production of total SCFAs, indicating fermentation. 31208010 3 43 contain possess 397:403 arg1 inocula 389:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 3 43 contain possess 397:403 arg2 capacity 409:416 the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition 405:520 the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition 405:520 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 1 44 contain has 188:190 arg2 effect 204:209 a prebiotic effect 192:209 a prebiotic effect 192:209 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 44 contain has 188:190 arg1 fermentation 113:124 fermentation 113:124 fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), 113:186 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 3 45 theme faecal 382:387 arg1 inocula 389:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 infant faecal inocula 375:395 This study aimed to determine if infant faecal inocula possess the capacity to ferment HAMS or acetylated-HAMS (HAMSA) and characterise associated changes to microbial composition. 31208010 0 46 theme Faecal 49:54 arg1 Microbiota 56:65 Infant Faecal Microbiota 42:65 Infant Faecal Microbiota 42:65 Resistant Starch is Actively Fermented by Infant Faecal Microbiota and Increases Microbial Diversity. 31208010 9 47 with Fermentation 1116:1127 arg1 inocula 1155:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 10 48 theme fermentation 1436:1447 arg1 capacity 1449:1456 this fermentation capacity 1431:1456 this fermentation capacity 1431:1456 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 4 49 theme solids 636:641 arg1 weeks 621:625 10 weeks 618:625 10 weeks of first solids 618:641 Faecal samples were collected from 17 healthy infants at two timepoints: Preweaning and within 10 weeks of first solids. 31208010 0 50 theme Infant 42:47 arg1 Microbiota 56:65 Infant Faecal Microbiota 42:65 Infant Faecal Microbiota 42:65 Resistant Starch is Actively Fermented by Infant Faecal Microbiota and Increases Microbial Diversity. 31208010 5 51 dep in 676:677 arg1 vitro 679:683 vitro 679:683 vitro 679:683 Fermentation was assessed using in vitro batch fermentation. 31208010 1 52 theme maize 142:146 arg1 starch 175:180 a resistant starch 163:180 a resistant starch (RS) 163:185 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 52 theme maize 142:146 arg1 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 52 theme maize 142:146 arg1 starch 148:153 high amylose maize starch 129:153 high amylose maize starch (HAMS) 129:160 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 11 53 theme novel 1485:1489 arg1 prebiotic 1498:1506 a novel infant prebiotic 1483:1506 a novel infant prebiotic 1483:1506 RS may thus function as a novel infant prebiotic. 31208010 11 53 theme novel 1485:1489 arg1 RS 1459:1460 RS 1459:1460 RS 1459:1460 RS may thus function as a novel infant prebiotic. 31208010 2 54 theme RS 264:265 arg1 intake 254:259 intake 254:259 intake of RS 254:265 Were such a capacity to exist in infants, intake of RS might programme the gut microbiota during a critical developmental period. 31208010 9 55 theme weaning 1140:1146 arg1 inocula 1155:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 weaning faecal inocula 1140:1161 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 9 56 theme diversity 1183:1191 arg1 H 1200:1200 H 1200:1200 H 1200:1200 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 9 56 theme diversity 1183:1191 arg1 index 1193:1197 Shannon's diversity index 1173:1197 Shannon's diversity index (H) 1173:1201 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 10 57 from conclusion 1286:1295 arg1 inocula 1309:1315 the faecal inocula 1298:1315 the faecal inocula from infants 1298:1328 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 10 57 from conclusion 1286:1295 arg1 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 capable 1333:1339 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 11 58 theme infant 1491:1496 arg1 prebiotic 1498:1506 a novel infant prebiotic 1483:1506 a novel infant prebiotic 1483:1506 RS may thus function as a novel infant prebiotic. 31208010 11 58 theme infant 1491:1496 arg1 RS 1459:1460 RS 1459:1460 RS 1459:1460 RS may thus function as a novel infant prebiotic. 31208010 10 59 theme solids 1414:1419 arg1 introduction 1398:1409 introduction 1398:1409 introduction of solids 1398:1419 In conclusion, the faecal inocula from infants is capable of RS fermentation, independent of stage of weaning, but introduction of solids increases this fermentation capacity. 31208010 6 60 theme acid 754:757 arg1 production 766:775 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 736:775 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 736:775 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 1 61 theme high 129:132 arg1 starch 175:180 a resistant starch 163:180 a resistant starch (RS) 163:185 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 61 theme high 129:132 arg1 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 61 theme high 129:132 arg1 starch 148:153 high amylose maize starch 129:153 high amylose maize starch (HAMS) 129:160 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 6 62 theme fatty 748:752 arg1 SCFA 760:763 SCFA 760:763 SCFA 760:763 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 6 62 theme fatty 748:752 arg1 acid 754:757 short-chain fatty acid 736:757 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 736:775 Following 24 h incubation, pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and microbial composition were compared to parallel control incubations. 31208010 1 63 theme amylose 134:140 arg1 starch 175:180 a resistant starch 163:180 a resistant starch (RS) 163:185 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 63 theme amylose 134:140 arg1 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 HAMS 156:159 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 1 63 theme amylose 134:140 arg1 starch 148:153 high amylose maize starch 129:153 high amylose maize starch (HAMS) 129:160 In adults, fermentation of high amylose maize starch (HAMS), a resistant starch (RS), has a prebiotic effect. 31208010 9 64 theme RS 1132:1133 arg1 Fermentation 1116:1127 Fermentation 1116:1127 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula 1116:1161 Fermentation of RS with weaning faecal inocula increased Shannon's diversity index (H) and was associated with increased abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. 31208010 5 65 theme batch 685:689 arg1 fermentation 691:702 in vitro batch fermentation 676:702 in vitro batch fermentation 676:702 Fermentation was assessed using in vitro batch fermentation. 31208010 4 66 dep timepoints 584:593 arg1 Preweaning 596:605 Preweaning 596:605 Preweaning 596:605 Faecal samples were collected from 17 healthy infants at two timepoints: Preweaning and within 10 weeks of first solids. 31208010 2 67 theme gut 287:289 arg1 microbiota 291:300 the gut microbiota 283:300 the gut microbiota 283:300 Were such a capacity to exist in infants, intake of RS might programme the gut microbiota during a critical developmental period. 31401276 0 0 theme cold 78:81 arg1 gelation 83:90 its cold gelation 74:90 its cold gelation with whey protein 74:108 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 5 1 theme complex 722:728 arg1 ratio 730:734 an optimal complex ratio 711:734 an optimal complex ratio for gelation 711:747 The results showed that an optimal complex ratio for gelation was observed at 1:5 at pH 6.0. 31401276 3 2 with pectin 481:486 arg1 degree 532:537 low branching degree 518:537 low branching degree of RG-I 518:545 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 6 3 theme different 925:933 arg1 pHs 935:937 different pHs 925:937 different pHs 925:937 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 8 4 theme pH 1071:1072 arg1 increase 1059:1066 the increase 1055:1066 the increase of pH 1055:1072 With the increase of pH, the electrostatic interaction between AOP and WPC gradually weakened, while the hydrophobic interaction constantly increased. 31401276 10 5 theme microphylla 1382:1392 arg1 pectin 1400:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 2 6 theme protein 331:337 arg1 concentrate 339:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate 314:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) 314:355 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 2 6 theme protein 331:337 arg1 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 7 7 theme composite 983:991 arg1 gel 993:995 composite gel 983:995 composite gel 983:995 When pH was around the pHΦ of the complex, composite gel was mainly constructed by electrostatic interaction. 31401276 8 8 theme electrostatic 1079:1091 arg1 interaction 1093:1103 the electrostatic interaction 1075:1103 the electrostatic interaction between AOP and WPC 1075:1123 With the increase of pH, the electrostatic interaction between AOP and WPC gradually weakened, while the hydrophobic interaction constantly increased. 31401276 10 9 theme further 1352:1358 arg1 utilization 1360:1370 further utilization 1352:1370 further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products 1352:1438 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 3 10 from rich 488:491 arg1 homogalacturonan 496:511 homogalacturonan 496:511 homogalacturonan 496:511 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 3 11 theme branching 522:530 arg1 degree 532:537 low branching degree 518:537 low branching degree of RG-I 518:545 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 1 12 theme Premna 238:243 arg1 turcz 257:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 13 theme microphylla 245:255 arg1 turcz 257:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 3 14 theme linear 461:466 arg1 pectin 481:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin 459:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan 459:511 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 3 14 theme linear 461:466 arg1 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 6 15 from pHs 935:937 arg1 interaction 910:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction 881:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs 881:937 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 0 16 with turcz 64:68 arg1 protein 102:108 whey protein 97:108 whey protein 97:108 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 4 17 theme turbidity 644:652 arg1 measurement 654:664 turbidity measurement 644:664 turbidity measurement 644:664 Gelation between AOP and WPC was mainly investigated by turbidity measurement, FTIR, CLSM and ITC. 31401276 0 18 theme whey 97:100 arg1 protein 102:108 whey protein 97:108 whey protein 97:108 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 6 19 theme composite 818:826 arg1 gel 828:830 the composite gel 814:830 the composite gel 814:830 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 7 20 theme electrostatic 1023:1035 arg1 interaction 1037:1047 electrostatic interaction 1023:1047 electrostatic interaction 1023:1047 When pH was around the pHΦ of the complex, composite gel was mainly constructed by electrostatic interaction. 31401276 3 21 theme low 518:520 arg1 degree 532:537 low branching degree 518:537 low branching degree of RG-I 518:545 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 8 22 theme hydrophobic 1155:1165 arg1 interaction 1167:1177 the hydrophobic interaction 1151:1177 the hydrophobic interaction 1151:1177 With the increase of pH, the electrostatic interaction between AOP and WPC gradually weakened, while the hydrophobic interaction constantly increased. 31401276 1 23 from turcz 257:261 arg1 properties 175:184 the physicochemical properties 155:184 the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 155:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 23 from turcz 257:261 arg1 pectin 220:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin 189:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 189:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 23 from turcz 257:261 arg1 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 2 24 theme cold 295:298 arg1 gelation 300:307 its cold gelation 291:307 its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) 291:355 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 6 25 theme gel 828:830 arg1 AOP 790:792 AOP 790:792 AOP 790:792 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 6 25 theme gel 828:830 arg1 backbone 802:809 the backbone 798:809 the backbone of the composite gel 798:830 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 1 26 theme physicochemical 159:173 arg1 properties 175:184 the physicochemical properties 155:184 the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 155:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 9 27 theme composite 1249:1257 arg1 gel 1259:1261 composite gel 1249:1261 composite gel 1249:1261 When pH was higher than the pHc of the complex, composite gel was mainly formed by hydrophobic interaction. 31401276 10 28 theme Premna 1375:1380 arg1 pectin 1400:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 5 29 located observed 753:760 arg2 ratio 730:734 an optimal complex ratio 711:734 an optimal complex ratio for gelation 711:747 The results showed that an optimal complex ratio for gelation was observed at 1:5 at pH 6.0. 31401276 5 29 located observed 753:760 arg1 1:5 765:767 1:5 765:767 1:5 765:767 The results showed that an optimal complex ratio for gelation was observed at 1:5 at pH 6.0. 31401276 5 29 located observed 753:760 arg1 pH 6.0 772:777 pH 6.0 772:777 pH 6.0 772:777 The results showed that an optimal complex ratio for gelation was observed at 1:5 at pH 6.0. 31401276 10 30 theme pectin 1400:1405 arg1 utilization 1360:1370 further utilization 1352:1370 further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products 1352:1438 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 0 31 theme pectin 23:28 arg1 Characterizations 0:16 Characterizations 0:16 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein 0:108 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 10 32 theme study 1329:1333 arg1 results 1313:1319 The results 1309:1319 The results of this study 1309:1333 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 10 32 theme study 1329:1333 arg1 conducive 1339:1347 conducive 1339:1347 conducive 1339:1347 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 10 33 theme food 1426:1429 arg1 products 1431:1438 related food products 1418:1438 related food products 1418:1438 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 0 34 with gelation 83:90 arg1 protein 102:108 whey protein 97:108 whey protein 97:108 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 2 35 theme different 393:401 arg1 pHs 403:405 different pHs 393:405 different pHs 393:405 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 6 36 theme hydrophobic 898:908 arg1 interaction 910:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction 881:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs 881:937 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 10 37 theme related 1418:1424 arg1 products 1431:1438 related food products 1418:1438 related food products 1418:1438 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 3 38 theme RG-I 542:545 arg1 degree 532:537 low branching degree 518:537 low branching degree of RG-I 518:545 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 3 39 theme low-methoxyl 468:479 arg1 pectin 481:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin 459:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan 459:511 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 3 39 theme low-methoxyl 468:479 arg1 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 2 40 with gelation 300:307 arg1 concentrate 339:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate 314:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) 314:355 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 2 40 with gelation 300:307 arg1 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 3 41 theme good 563:566 arg1 properties 576:585 its good gelling properties 559:585 its good gelling properties 559:585 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 1 42 theme ammonium 192:199 arg1 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 42 theme ammonium 192:199 arg1 pectin 220:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin 189:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 189:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 3 43 from homogalacturonan 496:511 arg1 rich 488:491 rich 488:491 rich 488:491 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 0 44 theme different 125:133 arg1 pHs 135:137 different pHs 125:137 different pHs 125:137 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 3 45 theme gelling 568:574 arg1 properties 576:585 its good gelling properties 559:585 its good gelling properties 559:585 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 1 46 theme oxalate 201:207 arg1 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 46 theme oxalate 201:207 arg1 pectin 220:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin 189:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 189:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 0 47 theme microphylla 52:62 arg1 turcz 64:68 Premna microphylla turcz 45:68 Premna microphylla turcz 45:68 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 6 48 theme electrostatic 881:893 arg1 interaction 910:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction 881:920 electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs 881:937 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 9 49 theme complex 1240:1246 arg1 pHc 1229:1231 the pHc 1225:1231 the pHc of the complex 1225:1246 When pH was higher than the pHc of the complex, composite gel was mainly formed by hydrophobic interaction. 31401276 2 50 theme whey 326:329 arg1 concentrate 339:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate 314:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) 314:355 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 2 50 theme whey 326:329 arg1 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 0 51 theme Premna 45:50 arg1 turcz 64:68 Premna microphylla turcz 45:68 Premna microphylla turcz 45:68 Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs. 31401276 9 52 theme hydrophobic 1284:1294 arg1 interaction 1296:1306 hydrophobic interaction 1284:1306 hydrophobic interaction 1284:1306 When pH was higher than the pHc of the complex, composite gel was mainly formed by hydrophobic interaction. 31401276 7 53 theme complex 974:980 arg1 pHΦ 963:965 the pHΦ 959:965 the pHΦ of the complex 959:980 When pH was around the pHΦ of the complex, composite gel was mainly constructed by electrostatic interaction. 31401276 10 54 theme turcz 1394:1398 arg1 pectin 1400:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 Premna microphylla turcz pectin 1375:1405 The results of this study are conducive to further utilization of Premna microphylla turcz pectin to develop related food products. 31401276 3 55 theme rich 488:491 arg1 pectin 481:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin 459:486 a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan 459:511 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 3 55 theme rich 488:491 arg1 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 AOP 451:453 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 2 56 theme undenatured 314:324 arg1 concentrate 339:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate 314:349 undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) 314:355 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 2 56 theme undenatured 314:324 arg1 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 WPC 352:354 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 6 57 theme crosslinking 853:864 arg1 agents 866:871 crosslinking agents 853:871 crosslinking agents 853:871 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 6 57 theme crosslinking 853:864 arg1 WPC 836:838 WPC 836:838 WPC 836:838 Moreover, AOP was the backbone of the composite gel and WPC might act as crosslinking agents through electrostatic or hydrophobic interaction at different pHs. 31401276 1 58 theme extraction 209:218 arg1 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 AOP 228:230 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 58 theme extraction 209:218 arg1 pectin 220:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin 189:225 an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 189:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 1 59 theme pectin 220:225 arg1 properties 175:184 the physicochemical properties 155:184 the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz 155:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 2 60 theme room 372:375 arg1 temperature 377:387 room temperature 372:387 room temperature 372:387 Moreover, its cold gelation with undenatured whey protein concentrate (WPC) was studied at room temperature and different pHs. 31401276 3 61 theme AOP 429:431 arg1 Characterizations 408:424 Characterizations 408:424 Characterizations of AOP 408:431 Characterizations of AOP demonstrated that AOP was a linear low-methoxyl pectin rich in homogalacturonan with low branching degree of RG-I, leading to its good gelling properties. 31401276 1 62 from properties 175:184 arg1 turcz 257:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 Premna microphylla turcz 238:261 In this study, the physicochemical properties of an ammonium oxalate extraction pectin (AOP) from Premna microphylla turcz was investigated. 31401276 5 63 theme optimal 714:720 arg1 ratio 730:734 an optimal complex ratio 711:734 an optimal complex ratio for gelation 711:747 The results showed that an optimal complex ratio for gelation was observed at 1:5 at pH 6.0. 31446107 6 0 dep 30,000 g/mol 1152:1163 arg1 CS300K 1194:1199 CS300K 1194:1199 CS300K 1194:1199 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 6 0 dep 30,000 g/mol 1152:1163 arg1 CS30K 1184:1188 CS30K 1184:1188 CS30K 1184:1188 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 4 1 theme composite 800:808 arg1 foams 810:814 PU-CA composite foams 794:814 PU-CA composite foams 794:814 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 9 2 theme degradation 1713:1723 arg1 lower 1781:1785 lower 1781:1785 lower 1781:1785 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 2 theme degradation 1713:1723 arg1 rate 1725:1728 the degradation rate 1709:1728 the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation 1709:1776 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 3 theme experimental 495:506 arg1 results 508:514 The experimental results 491:514 The experimental results 491:514 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 3 4 dep degree 632:637 arg1 % 644:644 78.9% 640:644 78.9% 640:644 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 3 4 dep degree 632:637 arg1 % 654:654 98.3% 650:654 98.3% 650:654 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 5 theme low 1517:1519 arg1 weight 1531:1536 low molecular weight 1517:1536 low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) 1517:1556 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 10 6 theme new 1911:1913 arg1 suggestions 1915:1925 new suggestions 1911:1925 new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials 1911:1989 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 5 7 from peak 919:922 arg1 PU-CS3K 927:933 PU-CS3K 927:933 PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU 927:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 1 8 theme chain 251:255 arg1 extender 257:264 chain extender 251:264 chain extender 251:264 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 4 9 theme crystallization 766:780 arg1 behavior 782:789 The disordered crystallization behavior 751:789 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams 751:814 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 6 10 theme bubble 1068:1073 arg1 holes 1075:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes 1034:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes 1034:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 6 11 from weight 1142:1147 arg1 300,000 g/mol 1169:1181 300,000 g/mol 1169:1181 300,000 g/mol 1169:1181 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 6 11 from weight 1142:1147 arg1 30,000 g/mol 1152:1163 30,000 g/mol 1152:1163 30,000 g/mol 1152:1163 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 3 12 theme better 531:536 arg1 reactivity 544:553 better group reactivity 531:553 better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight 531:600 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 13 theme CS 1541:1542 arg1 weight 1531:1536 low molecular weight 1517:1536 low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) 1517:1556 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 7 14 theme high 1279:1282 arg1 stability 1292:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 9 15 theme early 1751:1755 arg1 stage 1757:1761 the early stage 1747:1761 the early stage of degradation 1747:1776 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 6 16 theme molecular 1132:1140 arg1 weight 1142:1147 high molecular weight 1127:1147 high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) 1127:1200 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 2 17 theme CS 287:288 arg1 degree 299:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 17 theme CS 287:288 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 6 18 theme phase 1038:1042 arg1 separation 1044:1053 phase separation 1038:1053 phase separation 1038:1053 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 10 19 theme PU 1969:1970 arg1 biomaterials 1978:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 9 20 contain have 1558:1561 arg1 foam 1507:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 20 contain have 1558:1561 arg2 hydrophilicity 1571:1584 similar hydrophilicity 1563:1584 similar hydrophilicity 1563:1584 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 20 contain have 1558:1561 arg1 PU 1484:1485 pure PU 1479:1485 pure PU 1479:1485 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 6 21 theme high 1127:1130 arg1 weight 1142:1147 high molecular weight 1127:1147 high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) 1127:1200 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 10 22 theme CS 1963:1964 arg1 application 1948:1958 application 1948:1958 application 1948:1958 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 10 22 theme CS 1963:1964 arg1 research 1935:1942 research 1935:1942 research 1935:1942 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 8 23 theme CS 1324:1325 arg1 weight 1337:1342 CS molecular weight 1324:1342 CS molecular weight 1324:1342 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 8 24 theme weight 1337:1342 arg1 increase 1312:1319 the increase 1308:1319 the increase of CS molecular weight 1308:1342 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 7 25 theme grafting 1229:1236 arg1 degree 1238:1243 the high grafting degree 1220:1243 the high grafting degree of CS 1220:1249 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 7 25 theme grafting 1229:1236 arg1 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 3 26 theme group 538:542 arg1 reactivity 544:553 better group reactivity 531:553 better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight 531:600 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 3 27 dep reactivity 544:553 arg1 -NH2 556:559 -NH2 556:559 -NH2 556:559 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 3 27 dep reactivity 544:553 arg1 -OH 565:567 -OH 565:567 -OH 565:567 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 6 28 theme PU-CS 1093:1097 arg1 foam 1109:1112 PU-CS composite foam 1093:1112 PU-CS composite foam 1093:1112 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 9 29 theme due 1807:1809 arg1 sites 1867:1871 former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites 1800:1871 former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites 1800:1871 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 30 theme molecular 585:593 arg1 weight 595:600 low molecular weight 581:600 low molecular weight 581:600 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 1 31 theme polyethylene 141:152 arg1 foams 179:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 9 32 theme molecular 1521:1529 arg1 weight 1531:1536 low molecular weight 1517:1536 low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) 1517:1556 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 4 33 theme high 863:866 arg1 activity 868:875 high activity 863:875 high activity 863:875 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 0 34 from Study 0:4 arg1 preparation 9:19 preparation 9:19 preparation 9:19 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 0 34 from Study 0:4 arg1 performance 25:35 performance 25:35 performance 25:35 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 9 35 theme large 1829:1833 arg1 number 1835:1840 the relatively large number 1814:1840 the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking 1814:1865 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 36 from reactivity 544:553 arg1 CS 573:574 CS 573:574 CS 573:574 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 5 37 from activity 988:995 arg1 CS3K 1008:1011 CS3K 1008:1011 CS3K 1008:1011 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 4 38 with CA 855:856 arg1 activity 868:875 high activity 863:875 high activity 863:875 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 0 39 theme different 99:107 arg1 weight 119:124 different molecular weight 99:124 different molecular weight 99:124 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 5 40 theme clear 889:893 arg1 peak 919:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak 887:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU 887:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 8 41 theme protein 1391:1397 arg1 adsorption 1399:1408 the protein adsorption 1387:1408 the protein adsorption 1387:1408 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 9 42 theme crosslinking 1854:1865 arg1 number 1835:1840 the relatively large number 1814:1840 the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking 1814:1865 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 10 43 from suggestions 1915:1925 arg1 biomaterials 1978:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 2 44 theme protein 403:409 arg1 adsorption 411:420 protein adsorption 403:420 protein adsorption 403:420 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 44 theme protein 403:409 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 0 45 dep foams 63:67 arg1 modified 69:76 modified 69:76 foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight 63:124 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 2 46 theme composite 456:464 arg1 foams 466:470 PU-CS composite foams 450:470 PU-CS composite foams 450:470 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 8 47 theme degradation 1418:1428 arg1 rate 1430:1433 the degradation rate 1414:1433 the degradation rate 1414:1433 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 3 48 theme CS 620:621 arg1 degree 632:637 CS grafting degree 620:637 the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K) 609:748 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 49 theme electrostatic 1663:1675 arg1 adsorption 1677:1686 the electrostatic adsorption 1659:1686 the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups 1659:1702 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 5 50 theme similar 935:941 arg1 PU-CS3K 927:933 PU-CS3K 927:933 PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU 927:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 0 51 theme PEG-based 40:48 arg1 polyurethane 50:61 PEG-based polyurethane 40:61 PEG-based polyurethane 40:61 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 9 52 from amount 1602:1607 arg1 latter 1623:1628 latter 1623:1628 latter 1623:1628 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 53 theme pure 1479:1482 arg1 PU 1484:1485 pure PU 1479:1485 pure PU 1479:1485 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 54 theme amino 1691:1695 arg1 groups 1697:1702 amino groups 1691:1702 amino groups 1691:1702 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 8 55 theme composite 1444:1452 arg1 foam 1454:1457 PU-CS composite foam 1438:1457 PU-CS composite foam 1438:1457 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 5 56 theme diffuse 911:917 arg1 peak 919:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak 887:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU 887:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 10 57 theme experimental 1880:1891 arg1 results 1893:1899 These experimental results 1874:1899 These experimental results 1874:1899 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 2 58 theme thermal 345:351 arg1 stability 353:361 thermal stability 345:361 thermal stability 345:361 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 58 theme thermal 345:351 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 3 59 dep higher 613:618 arg1 degree 632:637 CS grafting degree 620:637 the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K) 609:748 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 60 theme composite 1497:1505 arg1 foam 1507:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 61 with PU 1484:1485 arg1 weight 1531:1536 low molecular weight 1517:1536 low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) 1517:1556 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 62 with foam 1507:1510 arg1 weight 1531:1536 low molecular weight 1517:1536 low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) 1517:1556 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 1 63 theme molecular 231:239 arg1 weight 241:246 different molecular weight 221:246 different molecular weight as chain extender 221:264 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 4 64 theme PU-CA 794:798 arg1 foams 810:814 PU-CA composite foams 794:814 PU-CA composite foams 794:814 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 adsorption 411:420 protein adsorption 403:420 protein adsorption 403:420 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 properties 375:384 mechanical properties 364:384 mechanical properties 364:384 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 degradation 426:436 degradation 426:436 degradation in vitro 426:445 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 morphology 333:342 morphology 333:342 morphology 333:342 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 hydrophilicity 387:400 hydrophilicity 387:400 hydrophilicity 387:400 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 degree 299:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 stability 353:361 thermal stability 345:361 thermal stability 345:361 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 behavior 323:330 crystallization behavior 307:330 crystallization behavior 307:330 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 65 theme activity 271:278 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 4 66 theme foams 810:814 arg1 behavior 782:789 The disordered crystallization behavior 751:789 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams 751:814 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 9 67 theme latter 1733:1738 arg1 lower 1781:1785 lower 1781:1785 lower 1781:1785 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 67 theme latter 1733:1738 arg1 rate 1725:1728 the degradation rate 1709:1728 the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation 1709:1776 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 68 theme PU 664:665 arg1 foams 667:671 the PU foams 660:671 the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K) 660:748 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 1 69 theme PU 175:176 arg1 foams 179:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 3 70 with reactivity 544:553 arg1 weight 595:600 low molecular weight 581:600 low molecular weight 581:600 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 4 71 theme disordered 755:764 arg1 behavior 782:789 The disordered crystallization behavior 751:789 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams 751:814 The disordered crystallization behavior of PU-CA composite foams appeared due to both -NH2 and C6-OH in CA with high activity. 31446107 6 72 theme disorder 1059:1066 arg1 bubble 1068:1073 disorder bubble 1059:1073 disorder bubble 1059:1073 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 2 73 theme grafting 290:297 arg1 degree 299:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 CS grafting degree 287:304 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 73 theme grafting 290:297 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 1 74 theme foams 179:183 arg1 category 129:136 A category 127:136 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 127:183 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 7 75 theme thermal 1284:1290 arg1 stability 1292:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 10 76 theme based 1972:1976 arg1 biomaterials 1978:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 PU based biomaterials 1969:1989 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 0 77 with chitosan 85:92 arg1 weight 119:124 different molecular weight 99:124 different molecular weight 99:124 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 6 78 theme separation 1044:1053 arg1 holes 1075:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes 1034:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes 1034:1079 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 9 79 theme degradation 1766:1776 arg1 stage 1757:1761 the early stage 1747:1761 the early stage of degradation 1747:1776 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 6 80 used used 1207:1210 arg2 CS 1119:1120 CS 1119:1120 CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) 1119:1200 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 8 81 theme molecular 1327:1335 arg1 weight 1337:1342 CS molecular weight 1324:1342 CS molecular weight 1324:1342 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 9 82 theme BSA 1612:1614 arg1 amount 1602:1607 the adsorption amount 1587:1607 the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter 1587:1628 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 82 theme BSA 1612:1614 arg1 BSA 1612:1614 BSA 1612:1614 BSA 1612:1614 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 83 theme similar 1563:1569 arg1 hydrophilicity 1571:1584 similar hydrophilicity 1563:1584 similar hydrophilicity 1563:1584 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 7 84 theme CS 1248:1249 arg1 degree 1238:1243 the high grafting degree 1220:1243 the high grafting degree of CS 1220:1249 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 7 84 theme CS 1248:1249 arg1 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 5 85 theme pure 954:957 arg1 PU 959:960 pure PU 954:960 pure PU 954:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 6 86 with CS 1119:1120 arg1 weight 1142:1147 high molecular weight 1127:1147 high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) 1127:1200 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 8 87 theme tensile 1349:1355 arg1 strength 1357:1364 the tensile strength 1345:1364 the tensile strength 1345:1364 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 6 88 theme composite 1099:1107 arg1 foam 1109:1112 PU-CS composite foam 1093:1112 PU-CS composite foam 1093:1112 The phase separation and disorder bubble holes appeared in PU-CS composite foam when CS with high molecular weight in 30,000 g/mol and 300,000 g/mol (CS30K and CS300K) were used. 31446107 9 89 theme former 1800:1805 arg1 sites 1867:1871 former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites 1800:1871 former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites 1800:1871 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 90 theme low 581:583 arg1 weight 595:600 low molecular weight 581:600 low molecular weight 581:600 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 91 theme adsorption 1591:1600 arg1 amount 1602:1607 the adsorption amount 1587:1607 the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter 1587:1628 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 91 theme adsorption 1591:1600 arg1 BSA 1612:1614 BSA 1612:1614 BSA 1612:1614 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 7 92 theme high 1224:1227 arg1 degree 1238:1243 the high grafting degree 1220:1243 the high grafting degree of CS 1220:1249 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 7 92 theme high 1224:1227 arg1 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It 1213:1214 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 1 93 theme glycol-polyurethane 154:172 arg1 foams 179:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams 141:183 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 adsorption 411:420 protein adsorption 403:420 protein adsorption 403:420 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 properties 375:384 mechanical properties 364:384 mechanical properties 364:384 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 degradation 426:436 degradation 426:436 degradation in vitro 426:445 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 morphology 333:342 morphology 333:342 morphology 333:342 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 hydrophilicity 387:400 hydrophilicity 387:400 hydrophilicity 387:400 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 stability 353:361 thermal stability 345:361 thermal stability 345:361 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 94 theme foams 466:470 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 0 95 theme molecular 109:117 arg1 weight 119:124 different molecular weight 99:124 different molecular weight 99:124 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 5 96 theme -NH2 1000:1003 arg1 high 1028:1031 high 1028:1031 high 1028:1031 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 5 96 theme -NH2 1000:1003 arg1 activity 988:995 the activity 984:995 the activity of -NH2 in CS3K 984:1011 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 9 97 theme chemical 1845:1852 arg1 crosslinking 1854:1865 chemical crosslinking 1845:1865 chemical crosslinking 1845:1865 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 2 98 theme mechanical 364:373 arg1 properties 375:384 mechanical properties 364:384 mechanical properties 364:384 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 98 theme mechanical 364:373 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 7 99 contain had 1264:1266 arg2 stability 1292:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 relatively high thermal stability 1268:1300 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 7 99 contain had 1264:1266 arg1 PU-CS3K 1256:1262 PU-CS3K 1256:1262 PU-CS3K 1256:1262 It was the high grafting degree of CS that PU-CS3K had relatively high thermal stability. 31446107 1 100 with chitosan 202:209 arg1 weight 241:246 different molecular weight 221:246 different molecular weight as chain extender 221:264 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 31446107 9 101 dep CS 1541:1542 arg1 CS3K 1552:1555 CS3K 1552:1555 CS3K 1552:1555 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 9 101 dep CS 1541:1542 arg1 CA 1545:1546 CA 1545:1546 CA 1545:1546 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 2 102 theme PU-CS 450:454 arg1 foams 466:470 PU-CS composite foams 450:470 PU-CS composite foams 450:470 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 8 103 theme PU-CS 1438:1442 arg1 foam 1454:1457 PU-CS composite foam 1438:1457 PU-CS composite foam 1438:1457 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 0 104 theme polyurethane 50:61 arg1 preparation 9:19 preparation 9:19 preparation 9:19 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 0 104 theme polyurethane 50:61 arg1 performance 25:35 performance 25:35 performance 25:35 Study on preparation and performance of PEG-based polyurethane foams modified by the chitosan with different molecular weight. 31446107 8 105 theme foam 1454:1457 arg1 strength 1357:1364 the tensile strength 1345:1364 the tensile strength 1345:1364 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 8 105 theme foam 1454:1457 arg1 hydrophobicity 1371:1384 the hydrophobicity 1367:1384 the hydrophobicity 1367:1384 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 8 105 theme foam 1454:1457 arg1 rate 1430:1433 the degradation rate 1414:1433 the degradation rate 1414:1433 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 8 105 theme foam 1454:1457 arg1 adsorption 1399:1408 the protein adsorption 1387:1408 the protein adsorption 1387:1408 With the increase of CS molecular weight, the tensile strength, the hydrophobicity, the protein adsorption and the degradation rate of PU-CS composite foam increased. 31446107 2 106 theme crystallization 307:321 arg1 behavior 323:330 crystallization behavior 307:330 crystallization behavior 307:330 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 2 106 theme crystallization 307:321 arg1 group 280:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group 267:284 The activity group, CS grafting degree, crystallization behavior, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, protein adsorption and degradation in vitro of PU-CS composite foams were investigated. 31446107 5 107 theme crystallization 895:909 arg1 peak 919:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak 887:922 a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU 887:960 However, a clear crystallization diffuse peak in PU-CS3K similar to that in pure PU was presented because the activity of -NH2 in CS3K was relatively high. 31446107 9 108 theme groups 1697:1702 arg1 adsorption 1677:1686 the electrostatic adsorption 1659:1686 the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups 1659:1702 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 3 109 theme grafting 623:630 arg1 degree 632:637 CS grafting degree 620:637 the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K) 609:748 The experimental results indicated that better group reactivity (-NH2 and -OH) in CS with low molecular weight led to the higher CS grafting degree (78.9% and 98.3%) in the PU foams modified by aminoglucose (CA) and chito-oligosaccharide in 3000 g/mol (CS3K). 31446107 9 110 theme PU-CS 1491:1495 arg1 foam 1507:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 PU-CS composite foam 1491:1510 Although pure PU and PU-CS composite foam with low molecular weight of CS (CA and CS3K) have similar hydrophilicity, the adsorption amount of BSA on the latter increases obviously owing to the electrostatic adsorption of amino groups, and the degradation rate of latter during the early stage of degradation is lower than that of former due to the relatively large number of chemical crosslinking sites. 31446107 10 111 dep research 1935:1942 arg1 the 1931:1933 the 1931:1933 the 1931:1933 These experimental results presented new suggestions for the research and application of CS in PU based biomaterials. 31446107 1 112 theme different 221:229 arg1 weight 241:246 different molecular weight 221:246 different molecular weight as chain extender 221:264 A category of polyethylene glycol-polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared by chitosan (CS) with different molecular weight as chain extender. 30836185 4 0 theme shear 651:655 arg1 rate 657:660 the shear rate 647:660 the shear rate 647:660 The results indicated that KGM-SHL gels exhibit a shear-thinning behaviour when the shear rate is increased. 30836185 0 1 theme food 81:84 arg1 packaging 86:94 food packaging 81:94 food packaging 81:94 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 7 2 theme films 935:939 arg1 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 2 theme films 935:939 arg1 tolerance 892:900 thermal tolerance 884:900 thermal tolerance 884:900 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 2 theme films 935:939 arg1 properties 917:926 mechanical properties 906:926 mechanical properties 906:926 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 2 theme films 935:939 arg1 strength 958:965 tensile strength 950:965 tensile strength 950:965 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 5 3 theme FE-SEM 687:692 arg1 Meanwhile 676:684 Meanwhile 676:684 Meanwhile 676:684 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 5 3 theme FE-SEM 687:692 arg1 images 694:699 FE-SEM images 687:699 FE-SEM images 687:699 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 8 4 attach presence 1038:1045 arg2 SHL 1050:1052 SHL 1050:1052 SHL 1050:1052 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 8 4 attach presence 1038:1045 arg1 films 1061:1065 the films 1057:1065 the films 1057:1065 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 3 5 theme Physical 474:481 arg1 properties 483:492 Physical properties 474:492 Physical properties 474:492 Physical properties were also investigated to evaluate the effect of SHL on KGM-based films. 30836185 2 6 theme Rotary 254:259 arg1 rheometry 261:269 Rotary rheometry 254:269 Rotary rheometry 254:269 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 4 7 theme shear-thinning 617:630 arg1 behaviour 632:640 a shear-thinning behaviour 615:640 a shear-thinning behaviour 615:640 The results indicated that KGM-SHL gels exhibit a shear-thinning behaviour when the shear rate is increased. 30836185 1 8 theme solvent 226:232 arg1 method 246:251 a casting and solvent evaporation method 212:251 method 246:251 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 1 9 theme Konjac 155:160 arg1 KGM 175:177 KGM 175:177 KGM 175:177 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 1 9 theme Konjac 155:160 arg1 glucomannan 162:172 Konjac glucomannan 155:172 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) 155:206 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 2 10 theme film 468:471 arg1 structure 451:459 the structure 447:459 the structure of the film 447:471 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 7 11 theme mechanical 906:915 arg1 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 11 theme mechanical 906:915 arg1 properties 917:926 mechanical properties 906:926 mechanical properties 906:926 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 11 theme mechanical 906:915 arg1 strength 958:965 tensile strength 950:965 tensile strength 950:965 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 2 12 theme electron 296:303 arg1 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 12 theme electron 296:303 arg1 microscopy 305:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 272:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 272:323 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 9 13 theme KGM-SHL 1131:1137 arg1 material 1178:1185 a potential material 1166:1185 a potential material for food packaging 1166:1204 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 9 13 theme KGM-SHL 1131:1137 arg1 films 1139:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 2 14 theme scanning 287:294 arg1 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 14 theme scanning 287:294 arg1 microscopy 305:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 272:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 272:323 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 1 15 theme evaporation 234:244 arg1 method 246:251 a casting and solvent evaporation method 212:251 method 246:251 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 9 16 theme food 1191:1194 arg1 packaging 1196:1204 food packaging 1191:1204 food packaging 1191:1204 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 2 17 theme field-emission 272:285 arg1 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 FE-SEM 317:322 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 17 theme field-emission 272:285 arg1 microscopy 305:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 272:314 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 272:323 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 0 18 theme Konjac 21:26 arg1 film 48:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 8 19 theme water 1089:1093 arg1 resistance 1095:1104 water resistance 1089:1104 water resistance 1089:1104 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 2 20 theme scanning 391:398 arg1 DSC 413:415 DSC 413:415 DSC 413:415 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 20 theme scanning 391:398 arg1 calorimetry 400:410 differential scanning calorimetry 378:410 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 378:416 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 0 21 theme novel 15:19 arg1 film 48:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 2 22 theme differential 378:389 arg1 DSC 413:415 DSC 413:415 DSC 413:415 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 22 theme differential 378:389 arg1 calorimetry 400:410 differential scanning calorimetry 378:410 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 378:416 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 0 23 theme film 48:51 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 0:95 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 3 24 theme KGM-based 550:558 arg1 films 560:564 KGM-based films 550:564 KGM-based films 550:564 Physical properties were also investigated to evaluate the effect of SHL on KGM-based films. 30836185 0 25 theme glucomannan/shellac 28:46 arg1 film 48:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film 15:51 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 5 26 theme continuous 740:749 arg1 appearance 767:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 5 27 theme phase 786:790 arg1 separation 792:801 phase separation 786:801 phase separation 786:801 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 7 28 from break 985:989 arg1 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 elongation 971:980 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 7 28 from break 985:989 arg1 strength 958:965 tensile strength 950:965 tensile strength 950:965 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 0 29 theme advanced 58:65 arg1 functions 67:75 advanced functions 58:75 advanced functions for food packaging 58:94 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 8 30 theme SHL 1050:1052 arg1 presence 1038:1045 the presence 1034:1045 the presence of SHL in the films 1034:1065 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 6 31 theme chemical 821:828 arg1 bonds 830:834 The newly formed chemical bonds 804:834 The newly formed chemical bonds after blending 804:849 The newly formed chemical bonds after blending were observed by FTIR. 30836185 3 32 theme SHL 543:545 arg1 effect 533:538 the effect 529:538 the effect of SHL on KGM-based films 529:564 Physical properties were also investigated to evaluate the effect of SHL on KGM-based films. 30836185 5 33 theme homogeneous 755:765 arg1 appearance 767:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 9 34 theme potential 1168:1176 arg1 material 1178:1185 a potential material 1166:1185 a potential material for food packaging 1166:1204 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 9 34 theme potential 1168:1176 arg1 films 1139:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 6 35 theme formed 814:819 arg1 bonds 830:834 The newly formed chemical bonds 804:834 The newly formed chemical bonds after blending 804:849 The newly formed chemical bonds after blending were observed by FTIR. 30836185 9 36 theme improved 1122:1129 arg1 material 1178:1185 a potential material 1166:1185 a potential material for food packaging 1166:1204 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 9 36 theme improved 1122:1129 arg1 films 1139:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 the improved KGM-SHL films 1118:1143 Therefore, the improved KGM-SHL films can be considered as a potential material for food packaging. 30836185 0 37 with Fabrication 0:10 arg1 functions 67:75 advanced functions 58:75 advanced functions for food packaging 58:94 Fabrication of novel Konjac glucomannan/shellac film with advanced functions for food packaging. 30836185 1 38 theme novel 114:118 arg1 film 130:133 a novel composite film 112:133 a novel composite film 112:133 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 7 39 theme thermal 884:890 arg1 tolerance 892:900 thermal tolerance 884:900 thermal tolerance 884:900 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 8 40 from presence 1038:1045 arg1 films 1061:1065 the films 1057:1065 the films 1057:1065 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 7 41 theme tensile 950:956 arg1 strength 958:965 tensile strength 950:965 tensile strength 950:965 Moreover, thermal tolerance and mechanical properties of the films, such as tensile strength and elongation at break, were improved by adding SHL. 30836185 1 42 theme composite 120:128 arg1 film 130:133 a novel composite film 112:133 a novel composite film 112:133 In this study, a novel composite film was fabricated from Konjac glucomannan (KGM) combined with shellac (SHL) via a casting and solvent evaporation method. 30836185 3 43 from effect 533:538 arg1 films 560:564 KGM-based films 550:564 KGM-based films 550:564 Physical properties were also investigated to evaluate the effect of SHL on KGM-based films. 30836185 8 44 from increase 1077:1084 arg1 resistance 1095:1104 water resistance 1089:1104 water resistance 1089:1104 In addition, the presence of SHL in the films led to an increase in water resistance. 30836185 4 45 theme KGM-SHL 594:600 arg1 gels 602:605 KGM-SHL gels 594:605 KGM-SHL gels 594:605 The results indicated that KGM-SHL gels exhibit a shear-thinning behaviour when the shear rate is increased. 30836185 2 46 theme infrared 344:351 arg1 FTIR 367:370 FTIR 367:370 FTIR 367:370 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 46 theme infrared 344:351 arg1 spectroscopy 353:364 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 326:364 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 326:371 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 5 47 theme blended 720:726 arg1 films 728:732 all blended films 716:732 all blended films 716:732 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 5 48 contain had 734:736 arg1 films 728:732 all blended films 716:732 all blended films 716:732 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 5 48 contain had 734:736 arg2 appearance 767:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 a continuous and homogeneous appearance 738:776 Meanwhile, FE-SEM images confirmed that all blended films had a continuous and homogeneous appearance without phase separation. 30836185 2 49 theme Fourier-transform 326:342 arg1 FTIR 367:370 FTIR 367:370 FTIR 367:370 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30836185 2 49 theme Fourier-transform 326:342 arg1 spectroscopy 353:364 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 326:364 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 326:371 Rotary rheometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the structure of the film. 30046240 1 0 theme antibacterial 283:295 arg1 purposes 297:304 antibacterial purposes 283:304 antibacterial purposes 283:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 3 1 theme group 533:537 arg1 D 539:539 group D 533:539 the group D material 529:548 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 5 2 from rate 688:691 arg1 C 706:706 C 706:706 C 706:706 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 2 from rate 688:691 arg1 D 713:713 D 713:713 D 713:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 2 from rate 688:691 arg1 B 703:703 B 703:703 B 703:703 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 2 from rate 688:691 arg1 groups 696:701 groups B, C, and D 696:713 groups B, C, and D 696:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 2 3 theme METHODS 307:313 arg1 dressings 320:328 METHODS Four dressings 307:328 METHODS Four dressings 307:328 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 2 4 theme group 348:352 arg1 A 354:354 group A 348:354 group A 348:354 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 10 5 theme chitin-amphiphilic 1547:1564 arg1 dressing 1595:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing was successfully prepared. 30046240 8 6 theme proliferation 1059:1071 arg1 test 1084:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test 1050:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test 1050:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 9 7 theme skin 1474:1477 arg1 defects 1479:1485 skin defects 1474:1485 skin defects 1474:1485 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 0 8 from effect 94:99 arg1 healing 110:116 wound healing 104:116 wound healing in mice 104:124 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 11 9 theme material 1691:1698 arg1 effects 1667:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects 1631:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) 1631:1708 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 11 9 theme material 1691:1698 arg1 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 10 10 theme ammonium 1581:1588 arg1 dressing 1595:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing was successfully prepared. 30046240 1 11 theme amphipathic 227:237 arg1 salt 265:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 227:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 227:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 8 12 theme slight 1096:1101 arg1 P<0.05 1129:1134 P<0.05 1129:1134 P<0.05 1129:1134 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 12 theme slight 1096:1101 arg1 inhibition 1117:1126 slight proliferation inhibition 1096:1126 slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) 1096:1135 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 3 13 theme adherent 568:575 arg1 ions 587:590 adherent composite ions 568:590 adherent composite ions 568:590 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 5 14 theme release 801:807 arg1 percentages 809:819 the cumulative release percentages 786:819 the cumulative release percentages 786:819 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 14 theme release 801:807 arg1 % 830:830 87.3% 826:830 87.3% 826:830 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 8 15 theme D>C> 1239:1242 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 15 theme D>C> 1239:1242 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 5 16 theme drug 675:678 arg1 rate 688:691 The drug loading rate 671:691 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D 671:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 16 theme drug 675:678 arg1 40-50 719:723 40-50 719:723 40-50 719:723 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 9 17 theme D 1509:1509 arg1 material 1517:1524 the D group material 1505:1524 the D group material (P<0.05) 1505:1533 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 9 17 theme D 1509:1509 arg1 P<0.05 1527:1532 P<0.05 1527:1532 P<0.05 1527:1532 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 8 18 theme chitin 1255:1260 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 18 theme chitin 1255:1260 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 5 19 theme entrapment 738:747 arg1 % 770:770 70%-75% 764:770 70%-75% (P>0.05) 764:779 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 19 theme entrapment 738:747 arg1 efficiency 749:758 the entrapment efficiency 734:758 the entrapment efficiency 734:758 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 2 20 theme amphiphilic 474:484 arg1 ion 486:488 amphiphilic ion 474:488 amphiphilic ion 474:488 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 8 21 theme >B>A> 1271:1275 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 21 theme >B>A> 1271:1275 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 7 22 theme order 1026:1030 arg1 P<0.05 1041:1046 P<0.05 1041:1046 P<0.05 1041:1046 The anti-pollution activity in vitro was in the order D>B>C>A (P<0.05). 30046240 7 22 theme order 1026:1030 arg1 D>B>C>A 1032:1038 the order D>B>C>A 1022:1038 the order D>B>C>A (P<0.05) 1022:1047 The anti-pollution activity in vitro was in the order D>B>C>A (P<0.05). 30046240 0 23 from healing 110:116 arg1 mice 121:124 mice 121:124 mice 121:124 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 1 24 link chitin-derived 198:211 arg1 membrane 213:220 a chitin-derived membrane 196:220 a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 196:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 0 25 theme wound 104:108 arg1 healing 110:116 wound healing 104:116 wound healing in mice 104:124 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 2 26 theme group 406:410 arg1 C 412:412 group C 406:412 group C 406:412 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 8 27 theme group 1165:1169 arg1 days 1180:1183 group D. Seven days 1165:1183 group D. Seven days after injury 1165:1196 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 11 28 theme prepared 1682:1689 arg1 material 1691:1698 the prepared material 1678:1698 the prepared material (group D) 1678:1708 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 11 28 theme prepared 1682:1689 arg1 D 1707:1707 group D 1701:1707 group D 1701:1707 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 0 29 theme chitin-amphipathic 15:32 arg1 salt 60:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 0 30 theme ammonium 51:58 arg1 salt 60:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 1 31 with membrane 213:220 arg1 salt 265:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 227:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 227:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 8 32 theme epithelium 1326:1335 arg1 length 1303:1308 the length 1299:1308 the length of the neonatal epithelium 1299:1335 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 5 33 dep groups 696:701 arg1 C 706:706 C 706:706 C 706:706 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 33 dep groups 696:701 arg1 D 713:713 D 713:713 D 713:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 33 dep groups 696:701 arg1 B 703:703 B 703:703 B 703:703 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 33 dep groups 696:701 arg1 groups 696:701 groups B, C, and D 696:713 groups B, C, and D 696:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 2 34 theme group 368:372 arg1 B 374:374 group B 368:374 group B 368:374 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 6 35 theme order 945:949 arg1 P>0.05 969:974 P>0.05 969:974 P>0.05 969:974 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 6 35 theme order 945:949 arg1 control 960:966 the order D>C>B>A> control 941:966 the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05) 941:975 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 8 36 theme wound 1203:1207 arg1 rate 1217:1220 the wound healing rate 1199:1220 the wound healing rate 1199:1220 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 1 37 theme anion/quaternary 239:254 arg1 salt 265:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 227:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 227:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 2 38 dep ion 486:488 arg1 salt 512:515 salt 512:515 salt 512:515 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 9 39 theme PCNA 1379:1382 arg1 expression 1393:1402 PCNA and CD31 expression 1379:1402 expression 1393:1402 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 8 40 theme same 1353:1356 arg1 trend 1358:1362 the same trend 1349:1362 the same trend 1349:1362 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 6 41 from activity 916:923 arg1 vitro 928:932 vitro 928:932 vitro 928:932 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 9 42 theme CD31 1388:1391 arg1 expression 1393:1402 PCNA and CD31 expression 1379:1402 expression 1393:1402 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 11 43 theme antipollution 1653:1665 arg1 effects 1667:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects 1631:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) 1631:1708 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 11 43 theme antipollution 1653:1665 arg1 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 9 44 theme cell 1419:1422 arg1 proliferation 1424:1436 cell proliferation 1419:1436 cell proliferation 1419:1436 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 11 45 theme antibacterial 1635:1647 arg1 effects 1667:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects 1631:1673 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) 1631:1708 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 11 45 theme antibacterial 1635:1647 arg1 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 good 1725:1728 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 1 46 theme eco-friendly 168:179 arg1 dressing 181:188 an eco-friendly dressing 165:188 an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 165:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 10 47 theme CONCLUSION 1536:1545 arg1 dressing 1595:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing was successfully prepared. 30046240 5 48 dep ug 726:727 arg1 mg 729:730 mg 729:730 ug:mg 726:730 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 49 theme loading 680:686 arg1 rate 688:691 The drug loading rate 671:691 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D 671:713 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 49 theme loading 680:686 arg1 40-50 719:723 40-50 719:723 40-50 719:723 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 3 50 theme D 539:539 arg1 material 541:548 the group D material 529:548 the group D material 529:548 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 3 50 theme D 539:539 arg1 precipitation 551:563 precipitation 551:563 precipitation of adherent composite ions 551:590 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 1 51 theme chitin-derived 198:211 arg1 membrane 213:220 a chitin-derived membrane 196:220 a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 196:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 5 52 dep 40-50 719:723 arg1 ug 726:727 ug 726:727 ug:mg 726:730 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 8 53 theme cell 1054:1057 arg1 proliferation 1059:1071 The cell proliferation 1050:1071 The cell proliferation inhibition test 1050:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 3 54 theme composite 577:585 arg1 ions 587:590 adherent composite ions 568:590 adherent composite ions 568:590 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 8 55 theme order 1233:1237 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 55 theme order 1233:1237 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 56 theme inhibition 1073:1082 arg1 test 1084:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test 1050:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test 1050:1087 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 10 57 theme ion/quaternary 1566:1579 arg1 dressing 1595:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing was successfully prepared. 30046240 5 58 theme cumulative 790:799 arg1 percentages 809:819 the cumulative release percentages 786:819 the cumulative release percentages 786:819 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 58 theme cumulative 790:799 arg1 % 830:830 87.3% 826:830 87.3% 826:830 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 8 59 theme commercial 1244:1253 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 59 theme commercial 1244:1253 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 11 60 theme wound 1749:1753 arg1 healing 1755:1761 wound healing 1749:1761 wound healing 1749:1761 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 8 61 theme dressing 1262:1269 arg1 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 P<0.05 1286:1291 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 61 theme dressing 1262:1269 arg1 control 1277:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control 1229:1283 the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05) 1229:1292 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 62 theme proliferation 1103:1115 arg1 P<0.05 1129:1134 P<0.05 1129:1134 P<0.05 1129:1134 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 62 theme proliferation 1103:1115 arg1 inhibition 1117:1126 slight proliferation inhibition 1096:1126 slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) 1096:1135 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 4 63 theme angle 618:622 arg1 test 624:627 The contact angle test 606:627 The contact angle test 606:627 The contact angle test showed that the material was hydrophilic. 30046240 9 64 theme group 1511:1515 arg1 material 1517:1524 the D group material 1505:1524 the D group material (P<0.05) 1505:1533 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 9 64 theme group 1511:1515 arg1 P<0.05 1527:1532 P<0.05 1527:1532 P<0.05 1527:1532 Additionally, PCNA and CD31 expression indicated that cell proliferation and angiogenesis were enhanced when skin defects were covered with the D group material (P<0.05). 30046240 3 65 from RESULTS 518:524 arg1 material 541:548 the group D material 529:548 the group D material 529:548 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 3 65 from RESULTS 518:524 arg1 precipitation 551:563 precipitation 551:563 precipitation of adherent composite ions 551:590 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 0 66 from dressing 77:84 arg1 healing 110:116 wound healing 104:116 wound healing in mice 104:124 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 4 67 theme contact 610:616 arg1 test 624:627 The contact angle test 606:627 The contact angle test 606:627 The contact angle test showed that the material was hydrophilic. 30046240 6 68 theme anti-bacterial 901:914 arg1 activity 916:923 The anti-bacterial activity 897:923 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro 897:932 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 2 69 theme quaternary 492:501 arg1 ammonium 503:510 quaternary ammonium 492:510 quaternary ammonium 492:510 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 8 70 theme seventh 1149:1155 arg1 day 1157:1159 the seventh day 1145:1159 the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury 1145:1196 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 11 71 theme group 1701:1705 arg1 material 1691:1698 the prepared material 1678:1698 the prepared material (group D) 1678:1708 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 11 71 theme group 1701:1705 arg1 D 1707:1707 group D 1701:1707 group D 1701:1707 The antibacterial and antipollution effects of the prepared material (group D) were both very good, acting to promote wound healing. 30046240 7 72 theme anti-pollution 982:995 arg1 activity 997:1004 The anti-pollution activity 978:1004 The anti-pollution activity in vitro 978:1013 The anti-pollution activity in vitro was in the order D>B>C>A (P<0.05). 30046240 2 73 theme amphiphilic 389:399 arg1 ion 401:403 amphiphilic ion 389:403 amphiphilic ion 389:403 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 0 74 theme anion/quaternary 34:49 arg1 salt 60:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 15:63 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 10 75 theme salt 1590:1593 arg1 dressing 1595:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing 1536:1602 CONCLUSION chitin-amphiphilic ion/quaternary ammonium salt dressing was successfully prepared. 30046240 2 76 theme quaternary 427:436 arg1 ammonium 438:445 quaternary ammonium 427:445 quaternary ammonium 427:445 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 8 77 theme neonatal 1317:1324 arg1 epithelium 1326:1335 the neonatal epithelium 1313:1335 the neonatal epithelium 1313:1335 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 8 78 theme D. 1171:1172 arg1 days 1180:1183 group D. Seven days 1165:1183 group D. Seven days after injury 1165:1196 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30046240 0 79 theme salt 60:63 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 0:63 Preparation of chitin-amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt ecofriendly dressing and its effect on wound healing in mice. 30046240 5 80 theme group 864:868 arg1 B 870:870 group B 864:870 group B 864:870 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 6 81 theme D>C>B>A> 951:958 arg1 P>0.05 969:974 P>0.05 969:974 P>0.05 969:974 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 6 81 theme D>C>B>A> 951:958 arg1 control 960:966 the order D>C>B>A> control 941:966 the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05) 941:975 The anti-bacterial activity in vitro was in the order D>C>B>A> control (P>0.05). 30046240 2 82 theme group 453:457 arg1 D 459:459 group D 453:459 group D 453:459 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 2 83 dep chitin 418:423 arg1 salt 447:450 salt 447:450 salt 447:450 METHODS Four dressings were prepared and group A was chitin, group B was chitin + amphiphilic ion, group C was chitin + quaternary ammonium salt, group D was chitin + amphiphilic ion + quaternary ammonium salt. 30046240 3 84 theme ions 587:590 arg1 material 541:548 the group D material 529:548 the group D material 529:548 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 3 84 theme ions 587:590 arg1 precipitation 551:563 precipitation 551:563 precipitation of adherent composite ions 551:590 RESULTS In the group D material, precipitation of adherent composite ions was observed. 30046240 1 85 dep OBJECTIVE 127:135 arg1 aimed 148:152 aimed 148:152 aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 148:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 1 86 theme ammonium 256:263 arg1 salt 265:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt 227:268 amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes 227:304 OBJECTIVE This study aimed to prepare an eco-friendly dressing using a chitin-derived membrane with amphipathic anion/quaternary ammonium salt designed for antibacterial purposes. 30046240 5 87 theme % 766:766 arg1 % 770:770 70%-75% 764:770 70%-75% (P>0.05) 764:779 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 87 theme % 766:766 arg1 efficiency 749:758 the entrapment efficiency 734:758 the entrapment efficiency 734:758 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 5 87 theme % 766:766 arg1 P>0.05 773:778 P>0.05 773:778 P>0.05 773:778 The drug loading rate in groups B, C, and D was 40-50 (ug:mg), the entrapment efficiency was 70%-75% (P>0.05), and the cumulative release percentages were 87.3%, 88.7%, and 90.2% after 72h for group B, C, and D, respectively. 30046240 8 88 theme healing 1209:1215 arg1 rate 1217:1220 the wound healing rate 1199:1220 the wound healing rate 1199:1220 The cell proliferation inhibition test showed slight proliferation inhibition (P<0.05) only on the seventh day for group D. Seven days after injury, the wound healing rate was in the order D>C> commercial chitin dressing >B>A> control (P<0.05), and the length of the neonatal epithelium also showed the same trend. 30915665 0 0 theme oxide 75:79 arg1 particles 91:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 1 1 theme dialysis 298:305 arg1 method 307:312 dialysis method 298:312 dialysis method 298:312 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 3 2 theme plasma 741:746 arg1 spectrometry 765:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 2 3 with spherical 365:373 arg1 diameters 417:425 average diameters 409:425 average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water 409:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 0 4 theme particles 91:99 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 0 4 theme particles 91:99 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 3 5 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 685:706 arg1 analysis 708:715 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis 685:715 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis 685:715 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 0 6 theme composite 81:89 arg1 particles 91:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 1 7 theme ambient 317:323 arg1 temperature 325:335 ambient temperature 317:335 ambient temperature 317:335 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 3 8 theme optical 748:754 arg1 spectrometry 765:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 4 9 theme particles 802:810 arg1 catalyst 869:876 a heterogeneous catalyst 853:876 a heterogeneous catalyst in water 853:885 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 4 9 theme particles 802:810 arg1 performance 783:793 The performance 779:793 The performance of the particles 779:810 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 4 10 from catalyst 869:876 arg1 water 881:885 water 881:885 water 881:885 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 2 11 theme 500 nm 444:449 arg1 diameters 417:425 average diameters 409:425 average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water 409:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 12 theme average 409:415 arg1 diameters 417:425 average diameters 409:425 average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water 409:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 3 13 theme coupled 733:739 arg1 spectrometry 765:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 1 14 theme novel 242:246 arg1 approach 259:266 a novel and simple approach 240:266 a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature 240:335 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 3 15 theme X-ray 536:540 arg1 diffraction 542:552 X-ray diffraction 536:552 X-ray diffraction 536:552 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 2 16 theme prepared 342:349 arg1 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 16 theme prepared 342:349 arg1 particles 351:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 0 17 theme heterogeneous 107:119 arg1 catalyst 121:128 as a heterogeneous catalyst 102:128 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 0:152 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 1 18 theme simple 252:257 arg1 approach 259:266 a novel and simple approach 240:266 a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature 240:335 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 3 19 theme energy-dispersive 619:635 arg1 spectroscopy 643:654 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 619:654 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 619:654 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 1 20 theme cellulose-copper 176:191 arg1 particles 213:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 0 21 theme novel 38:42 arg1 II 71:72 II 71:72 II 71:72 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 0 21 theme novel 38:42 arg1 cellulose-copper 54:69 a novel spherical cellulose-copper 36:69 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 3 22 theme X-ray 637:641 arg1 spectroscopy 643:654 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 619:654 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 619:654 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 3 23 theme scanning 555:562 arg1 microscopies 573:584 scanning electron microscopies 555:584 scanning electron microscopies 555:584 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 3 24 theme electron 564:571 arg1 microscopies 573:584 scanning electron microscopies 555:584 scanning electron microscopies 555:584 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 0 25 theme cellulose-copper 54:69 arg1 particles 91:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 0 26 theme click 138:142 arg1 reaction 144:151 the click reaction 134:151 the click reaction 134:151 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 2 27 contain have 456:459 arg2 dispersion 468:477 a good dispersion 461:477 a good dispersion in water 461:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 27 contain have 456:459 arg1 diameters 417:425 average diameters 409:425 average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water 409:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 0 28 theme spherical 44:52 arg1 II 71:72 II 71:72 II 71:72 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 0 28 theme spherical 44:52 arg1 cellulose-copper 54:69 a novel spherical cellulose-copper 36:69 a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 36:99 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 3 29 theme thermogravimetric 657:673 arg1 analysis 675:682 thermogravimetric analysis 657:682 thermogravimetric analysis 657:682 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 4 30 theme heterogeneous 855:867 arg1 catalyst 869:876 a heterogeneous catalyst 853:876 a heterogeneous catalyst in water 853:885 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 4 30 theme heterogeneous 855:867 arg1 performance 783:793 The performance 779:793 The performance of the particles 779:810 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 2 31 from spherical 365:373 arg1 shape 378:382 shape 378:382 shape 378:382 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 31 from spherical 365:373 arg1 size 399:402 size 399:402 size 399:402 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 31 from spherical 365:373 arg1 uniform 388:394 uniform 388:394 uniform 388:394 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 32 from dispersion 468:477 arg1 water 482:486 water 482:486 water 482:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 3 33 theme transition 587:596 arg1 microscopy 607:616 transition electron microscopy 587:616 transition electron microscopy 587:616 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 4 34 theme click 835:839 arg1 reaction 841:848 the click reaction 831:848 the click reaction 831:848 The performance of the particles was illustrated in the click reaction as a heterogeneous catalyst in water. 30915665 3 35 theme emission 756:763 arg1 spectrometry 765:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 721:776 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 3 36 theme electron 598:605 arg1 microscopy 607:616 transition electron microscopy 587:616 transition electron microscopy 587:616 These particles were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopies, transition electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 30915665 2 37 from shape 378:382 arg1 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 37 from shape 378:382 arg1 particles 351:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 1 38 theme oxide 197:201 arg1 particles 213:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 2 39 theme good 463:466 arg1 dispersion 468:477 a good dispersion 461:477 a good dispersion in water 461:486 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 1 40 theme composite 203:211 arg1 particles 213:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles 172:221 In this research, the cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles were provided by a novel and simple approach using Schweizer's reagent via dialysis method at ambient temperature. 30915665 2 41 from size 399:402 arg1 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 41 from size 399:402 arg1 particles 351:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 0 42 dep Preparation 0:10 arg1 catalyst 121:128 as a heterogeneous catalyst 102:128 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 0:152 Preparation and characterization of a novel spherical cellulose-copper(II) oxide composite particles: as a heterogeneous catalyst for the click reaction. 30915665 2 43 from uniform 388:394 arg1 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 spherical 365:373 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 30915665 2 43 from uniform 388:394 arg1 particles 351:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles 338:359 The prepared particles are spherical in shape and uniform in size with average diameters of approximately 500 nm that have a good dispersion in water. 31195330 0 0 theme phenylalanine 108:120 arg1 enantiomers 122:132 phenylalanine enantiomers 108:132 phenylalanine enantiomers 108:132 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with β-cyclodextrin for the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 1 1 theme cross-linking 388:400 arg1 NH2-β-CD 402:409 covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD 377:409 covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD 377:409 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 5 2 theme host-guest 855:864 arg1 interaction 876:886 The host-guest inclusion interaction 851:886 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers 851:940 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 1 3 theme functionalized 195:208 arg1 graphene 210:217 β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene 180:217 β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD 180:409 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 1 4 theme chemical 297:304 arg1 route 306:310 a chemical route 295:310 a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD 295:409 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 5 5 theme inclusion 866:874 arg1 interaction 876:886 The host-guest inclusion interaction 851:886 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers 851:940 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 6 6 theme recognition 1027:1037 arg1 result 1039:1044 The recognition result 1023:1044 The recognition result 1023:1044 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 7 theme detection 1274:1282 arg1 limit 1265:1269 a limit 1263:1269 a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe 1263:1334 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 8 theme response 1365:1372 arg1 range 1374:1378 a linear response range 1356:1378 a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM 1356:1397 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 6 9 with D-Phe 1173:1177 arg1 coefficient 1206:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient 1184:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07 1184:1224 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 3 10 theme cyclic 649:654 arg1 voltammetry 656:666 the cyclic voltammetry 645:666 the cyclic voltammetry 645:666 The working electrodes were thoroughly studied for the cyclic voltammetry by using [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- as redox probe and using ferrocene as an internal standard. 31195330 4 11 theme phenylalanine 824:836 arg1 enantiomers 838:848 phenylalanine enantiomers 824:848 phenylalanine enantiomers 824:848 Furthermore, rGO-PTCA-CD was successfully applied to the recognition of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 6 12 theme recognition 1131:1141 arg1 capability 1143:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 0 13 theme enantiomers 122:132 arg1 discrimination 90:103 the voltammetric discrimination 73:103 the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers 73:132 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with β-cyclodextrin for the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 7 14 theme hydrophobic 1520:1530 arg1 cavity 1538:1543 the hydrophobic inner cavity 1516:1543 the hydrophobic inner cavity 1516:1543 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 2 15 theme as-prepared 416:426 arg1 rGO-PTCA-CD 428:438 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD 412:438 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD 412:438 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 6 16 theme chiral 1124:1129 arg1 capability 1143:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 17 theme good 1550:1553 arg1 recognition 1565:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 6 18 theme enantioselectivity 1187:1204 arg1 coefficient 1206:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient 1184:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07 1184:1224 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 19 dep 5 mM 1394:1397 arg1 to 1391:1392 to 1391:1392 to 1391:1392 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 20 theme 0.08 nM 1287:1293 arg1 detection 1274:1282 detection 1274:1282 detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) 1274:1314 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 21 theme inner 1532:1536 arg1 cavity 1538:1543 the hydrophobic inner cavity 1516:1543 the hydrophobic inner cavity 1516:1543 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 5 22 theme phenylalanine 916:928 arg1 enantiomers 930:940 the phenylalanine enantiomers 912:940 the phenylalanine enantiomers 912:940 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 7 23 theme β-CD 1504:1507 arg1 synergy 1426:1432 the synergy 1422:1432 the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities) 1422:1601 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 0 24 theme graphene 24:31 arg1 sheets 33:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with β-cyclodextrin for the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 6 25 theme carbon 1090:1095 arg1 electrode 1097:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 26 theme proposed 1231:1238 arg1 electrode 1249:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 3 27 theme [Fe 677:679 arg1 4-/3- 686:690 [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- 677:690 [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- 677:690 The working electrodes were thoroughly studied for the cyclic voltammetry by using [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- as redox probe and using ferrocene as an internal standard. 31195330 6 28 theme 2.07 1221:1224 arg1 coefficient 1206:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient 1184:1216 an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07 1184:1224 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 0 29 theme Perylene-functionalized 0:22 arg1 sheets 33:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets 0:38 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with β-cyclodextrin for the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 6 30 theme higher 1117:1122 arg1 capability 1143:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 higher chiral recognition capability 1117:1152 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 31 theme modified 1240:1247 arg1 electrode 1249:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 32 theme enrichment 1581:1590 arg1 abilities 1592:1600 enrichment abilities 1581:1600 enrichment abilities 1581:1600 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 33 dep performance 1487:1497 arg1 e.g. 1451:1454 e.g. 1451:1454 e.g. 1451:1454 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 34 theme rGO-PTCA 1441:1448 arg1 synergy 1426:1432 the synergy 1422:1432 the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities) 1422:1601 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 4 35 theme enantiomers 838:848 arg1 recognition 809:819 the recognition 805:819 the recognition of phenylalanine enantiomers 805:848 Furthermore, rGO-PTCA-CD was successfully applied to the recognition of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 2 36 theme scanning 502:509 arg1 microscopy 520:529 scanning electron microscopy 502:529 scanning electron microscopy 502:529 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 2 37 theme electron 511:518 arg1 microscopy 520:529 scanning electron microscopy 502:529 scanning electron microscopy 502:529 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 7 38 dep had 1259:1261 arg1 ascribed 1410:1417 ascribed 1410:1417 was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities) 1406:1601 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 1 39 theme facile 137:142 arg1 approach 144:151 A facile approach 135:151 A facile approach 135:151 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 1 40 theme tetracarboxylic 256:270 arg1 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 1 40 theme tetracarboxylic 256:270 arg1 acid 272:275 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 238:275 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) 238:289 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 2 41 theme electrochemical 569:583 arg1 methods 585:591 electrochemical methods 569:591 electrochemical methods 569:591 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 1 42 theme rGO 351:353 arg1 functionalization 330:346 the functionalization 326:346 the functionalization of rGO 326:353 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 7 43 theme electrochemical 1471:1485 arg1 performance 1487:1497 its excellent electrochemical performance 1457:1497 its excellent electrochemical performance 1457:1497 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 5 44 theme differential 962:973 arg1 voltammetry 981:991 differential pulse voltammetry 962:991 differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor 962:1020 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 7 45 theme 0.2 nM 1299:1304 arg1 detection 1274:1282 detection 1274:1282 detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) 1274:1314 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 6 46 theme glassy 1083:1088 arg1 electrode 1097:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 7 47 theme molecular 1555:1563 arg1 recognition 1565:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 5 48 theme pulse 975:979 arg1 voltammetry 981:991 differential pulse voltammetry 962:991 differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor 962:1020 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 6 49 theme rGO-PTCA-CD-modified 1062:1081 arg1 electrode 1097:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode 1058:1105 The recognition result showed that the rGO-PTCA-CD-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited higher chiral recognition capability for L-Phe than for D-Phe with an enantioselectivity coefficient of 2.07. 31195330 3 50 theme CN 681:682 arg1 4-/3- 686:690 [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- 677:690 [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- 677:690 The working electrodes were thoroughly studied for the cyclic voltammetry by using [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- as redox probe and using ferrocene as an internal standard. 31195330 7 51 theme 5 mM 1394:1397 arg1 range 1374:1378 a linear response range 1356:1378 a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM 1356:1397 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 2 52 theme photoelectron 538:550 arg1 spectroscopy 552:563 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 532:563 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 532:563 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 7 53 theme excellent 1461:1469 arg1 performance 1487:1497 its excellent electrochemical performance 1457:1497 its excellent electrochemical performance 1457:1497 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 3 54 theme working 598:604 arg1 electrodes 606:615 The working electrodes 594:615 The working electrodes 594:615 The working electrodes were thoroughly studied for the cyclic voltammetry by using [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- as redox probe and using ferrocene as an internal standard. 31195330 5 55 with voltammetry 981:991 arg1 Fc 998:999 Fc 998:999 Fc used as a competitor 998:1020 The host-guest inclusion interaction between rGO-PTCA-CD and the phenylalanine enantiomers was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry with Fc used as a competitor. 31195330 3 56 theme redox 695:699 arg1 probe 701:705 redox probe 695:705 redox probe 695:705 The working electrodes were thoroughly studied for the cyclic voltammetry by using [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- as redox probe and using ferrocene as an internal standard. 31195330 7 57 with cavity 1538:1543 arg1 recognition 1565:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 good molecular recognition 1550:1575 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 57 with cavity 1538:1543 arg1 abilities 1592:1600 enrichment abilities 1581:1600 enrichment abilities 1581:1600 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 1 58 theme β-cyclodextrin 180:193 arg1 graphene 210:217 β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene 180:217 β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD 180:409 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 7 59 contain had 1259:1261 arg1 electrode 1249:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode 1227:1257 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 59 contain had 1259:1261 arg2 limit 1265:1269 a limit 1263:1269 a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe 1263:1334 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 2 60 dep transform 469:477 arg1 infrared 479:486 infrared 479:486 transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods 469:591 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 1 61 theme 3,4,9,10-perylene 238:254 arg1 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 rGO-PTCA-CD 278:288 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 1 61 theme 3,4,9,10-perylene 238:254 arg1 acid 272:275 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid 238:275 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) 238:289 A facile approach was reported to synthesize β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene that is bridged by 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid (rGO-PTCA-CD) via a chemical route that involves the functionalization of rGO with PTCA followed by covalently cross-linking NH2-β-CD. 31195330 0 62 theme voltammetric 77:88 arg1 discrimination 90:103 the voltammetric discrimination 73:103 the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers 73:132 Perylene-functionalized graphene sheets modified with β-cyclodextrin for the voltammetric discrimination of phenylalanine enantiomers. 31195330 2 63 dep Fourier 461:467 arg1 transform 469:477 transform 469:477 transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods 469:591 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 2 64 theme X-ray 532:536 arg1 spectroscopy 552:563 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 532:563 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 532:563 The as-prepared rGO-PTCA-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. 31195330 7 65 theme linear 1358:1363 arg1 range 1374:1378 a linear response range 1356:1378 a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM 1356:1397 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31195330 7 66 dep cavity 1538:1543 arg1 e.g. 1510:1513 e.g. 1510:1513 e.g. 1510:1513 The proposed modified electrode had a limit of detection of 0.08 nM and 0.2 nM (S/N = 3) for L-Phe and D-Phe, respectively, with a linear response range of 0.01 mM to 5 mM, which was ascribed to the synergy of the rGO-PTCA (e.g., its excellent electrochemical performance) and β-CD (e.g., the hydrophobic inner cavity with good molecular recognition and enrichment abilities). 31848730 4 0 theme print 806:810 arg1 contents 847:854 contents 847:854 contents as high as ~50% w/w 847:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 4 0 theme print 806:810 arg1 volumes 812:818 print volumes 806:818 print volumes 806:818 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 6 1 theme dose 1023:1026 arg1 extension 1035:1043 dose window extension 1023:1043 dose window extension 1023:1043 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 1 2 theme enhanced 403:410 arg1 flexibility 417:427 enhanced dose flexibility 403:427 enhanced dose flexibility 403:427 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 3 theme deposition 248:257 arg1 FDM 270:272 FDM 270:272 FDM 270:272 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 3 theme deposition 248:257 arg1 modelling 259:267 fused deposition modelling 242:267 fused deposition modelling (FDM) 242:273 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 3 4 theme UV 669:670 arg1 spectroscopy 672:683 UV spectroscopy 669:683 UV spectroscopy 669:683 Drug content was determined by UV spectroscopy and dispensing precision from printed disc mass. 31848730 4 5 theme target 784:789 arg1 values 791:796 target values 784:796 target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w 784:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 1 6 theme modular 433:439 arg1 concepts 460:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 6 7 theme design 1096:1101 arg1 flexibility 1103:1113 FDM design flexibility 1092:1113 FDM design flexibility 1092:1113 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 1 8 theme form 448:451 arg1 concepts 460:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 4 9 dep RESULTS 734:740 arg1 values 791:796 target values 784:796 target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w 784:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 4 9 dep RESULTS 734:740 arg1 % 779:779 ±5% 777:779 ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w 777:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 0 10 theme Deposition 98:107 arg1 Modelling 109:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 1 11 theme acceptable 359:368 arg1 sizes 382:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 5 12 from volumes 937:943 arg1 evident 916:922 evident 916:922 evident 916:922 However, poor dispensing precision was evident at all print volumes. 31848730 1 13 theme dose 184:187 arg1 extension 196:204 dose window extension 184:204 dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) 184:280 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 2 14 theme thick 511:515 arg1 discs 517:521 ~0.5 mm thick discs 503:521 ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) 503:551 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 0 15 from Basis 60:64 arg1 Modelling 109:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 1 16 theme form 377:380 arg1 sizes 382:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 3 17 theme printed 715:721 arg1 mass 728:731 printed disc mass 715:731 printed disc mass 715:731 Drug content was determined by UV spectroscopy and dispensing precision from printed disc mass. 31848730 2 18 theme diameter 534:541 arg1 discs 517:521 ~0.5 mm thick discs 503:521 ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) 503:551 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 7 19 theme dose 1315:1318 arg1 flexibility 1320:1330 dose flexibility 1315:1330 dose flexibility 1315:1330 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 6 20 theme varying 1156:1162 arg1 potencies 1164:1172 varying potencies 1156:1172 varying potencies 1156:1172 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 7 21 theme dispersions 1260:1270 arg1 application 1223:1233 the application 1219:1233 the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts 1219:1302 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 7 22 theme achieved 1179:1186 arg1 uniformity 1188:1197 The achieved uniformity 1175:1197 The achieved uniformity of content 1175:1208 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 1 23 theme relevant 311:318 arg1 doses 320:324 pharmaceutically relevant doses 294:324 pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 294:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 8 24 theme drug 1470:1473 arg1 contents 1475:1482 drug contents 1470:1482 drug contents 1470:1482 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 1 25 theme high 144:147 arg1 content 154:160 high drug content 144:160 high drug content 144:160 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 0 26 theme Design 70:75 arg1 Flexibility 77:87 Design Flexibility 70:87 Design Flexibility 70:87 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 5 27 theme dispensing 891:900 arg1 precision 902:910 poor dispensing precision 886:910 poor dispensing precision 886:910 However, poor dispensing precision was evident at all print volumes. 31848730 1 28 theme potencies 346:354 arg1 drugs 329:333 drugs 329:333 drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 329:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 6 29 theme successful 995:1004 arg1 demonstration 1006:1018 this successful demonstration 990:1018 this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions 990:1080 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 2 30 theme ethyl 621:625 arg1 cellulose 627:635 ethyl cellulose 621:635 ethyl cellulose 621:635 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 31 dep uses 139:142 arg1 accommodate 282:292 accommodate 282:292 accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 282:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 31 dep uses 139:142 arg1 enable 396:401 enable 396:401 ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts 392:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 0 32 theme High 0:3 arg1 Dispersions 19:29 High Content Solid Dispersions 0:29 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 0:118 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 7 33 theme dosage 1283:1288 arg1 concepts 1295:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 8 34 theme poor 1342:1345 arg1 precision 1358:1366 poor dispensing precision 1342:1366 poor dispensing precision 1342:1366 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 0 35 theme Solid 13:17 arg1 Dispersions 19:29 High Content Solid Dispersions 0:29 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 0:118 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 6 36 theme dose 972:975 arg1 flexibility 977:987 dose flexibility 972:987 dose flexibility 972:987 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 2 37 used used 486:489 arg2 FDM 478:480 METHODS FDM 470:480 METHODS FDM 470:480 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 38 from drugs 329:333 arg1 sizes 382:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 4 39 dep volumes 812:818 arg1 all 802:804 all 802:804 all 802:804 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 7 40 theme solid 1254:1258 arg1 dispersions 1260:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 0 41 theme Window 40:45 arg1 Extension 47:55 Dose Window Extension 35:55 Dose Window Extension 35:55 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 6 42 theme content 1056:1062 arg1 dispersions 1070:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 4 43 theme Mean 742:745 arg1 content 758:764 Mean felodipine content 742:764 Mean felodipine content 742:764 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 5 44 theme print 931:935 arg1 volumes 937:943 all print volumes 927:943 all print volumes 927:943 However, poor dispensing precision was evident at all print volumes. 31848730 6 45 theme window 1028:1033 arg1 extension 1035:1043 dose window extension 1023:1043 dose window extension 1023:1043 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 1 46 theme fused 242:246 arg1 FDM 270:272 FDM 270:272 FDM 270:272 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 46 theme fused 242:246 arg1 modelling 259:267 fused deposition modelling 242:267 fused deposition modelling (FDM) 242:273 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 2 47 theme melt-extruded 558:570 arg1 feedstocks 572:581 melt-extruded feedstocks 558:581 melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose 558:635 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 48 dep enable 396:401 arg1 ii 392:393 ii 392:393 ii 392:393 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 3 49 theme Drug 638:641 arg1 content 643:649 Drug content 638:649 Drug content 638:649 Drug content was determined by UV spectroscopy and dispensing precision from printed disc mass. 31848730 1 50 theme dose 412:415 arg1 flexibility 417:427 enhanced dose flexibility 403:427 enhanced dose flexibility 403:427 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 51 theme drug 149:152 arg1 content 154:160 high drug content 144:160 high drug content 144:160 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 2 52 theme 10 592:593 arg1 % 601:601 % 601:601 % 601:601 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 53 theme dosage 441:446 arg1 concepts 460:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 54 theme solid 162:166 arg1 dispersions 168:178 solid dispersions 162:178 solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) 162:280 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 4 55 theme values 791:796 arg1 values 791:796 target values 784:796 target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w 784:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 4 55 theme values 791:796 arg1 % 779:779 ±5% 777:779 ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w 777:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 6 56 theme FDM 1092:1094 arg1 flexibility 1103:1113 FDM design flexibility 1092:1113 FDM design flexibility 1092:1113 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 1 57 theme design 453:458 arg1 concepts 460:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 modular dosage form design concepts 433:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 4 58 theme high 859:862 arg1 contents 847:854 contents 847:854 contents as high as ~50% w/w 847:874 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31848730 8 59 theme FDM 1432:1434 arg1 hardware 1436:1443 FDM hardware 1432:1443 FDM hardware 1432:1443 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 3 60 theme dispensing 689:698 arg1 precision 700:708 dispensing precision 689:708 dispensing precision 689:708 Drug content was determined by UV spectroscopy and dispensing precision from printed disc mass. 31848730 1 61 theme dosage 370:375 arg1 sizes 382:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 acceptable dosage form sizes 359:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 62 theme window 189:194 arg1 extension 196:204 dose window extension 184:204 dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) 184:280 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 6 63 theme potencies 1164:1172 arg1 applicability 1130:1142 applicability 1130:1142 applicability to drugs of varying potencies 1130:1172 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 3 64 theme disc 723:726 arg1 mass 728:731 printed disc mass 715:731 printed disc mass 715:731 Drug content was determined by UV spectroscopy and dispensing precision from printed disc mass. 31848730 2 65 theme varying 526:532 arg1 diameter 534:541 varying diameter 526:541 varying diameter (2-10 mm) 526:551 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 2 65 theme varying 526:532 arg1 2-10 mm 544:550 2-10 mm 544:550 2-10 mm 544:550 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 7 66 theme varying 1238:1244 arg1 dispersions 1260:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 2 67 theme METHODS 470:476 arg1 FDM 478:480 METHODS FDM 470:480 METHODS FDM 470:480 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 2 68 from felodipine 607:616 arg1 cellulose 627:635 ethyl cellulose 621:635 ethyl cellulose 621:635 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 69 from sizes 382:386 arg1 drugs 329:333 drugs 329:333 drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 329:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 1 69 from sizes 382:386 arg1 potencies 346:354 varying potencies 338:354 varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 338:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 2 70 theme w/w 603:605 arg1 % 601:601 % 601:601 % 601:601 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 71 theme drugs 329:333 arg1 doses 320:324 pharmaceutically relevant doses 294:324 pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 294:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 5 72 theme poor 886:889 arg1 precision 902:910 poor dispensing precision 886:910 poor dispensing precision 886:910 However, poor dispensing precision was evident at all print volumes. 31848730 2 73 dep % 601:601 arg1 to 596:597 to 596:597 to 596:597 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 2 73 dep % 601:601 arg1 % 594:594 % 594:594 % 594:594 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 6 74 from CONCLUSIONS 946:956 arg1 pursuit 961:967 pursuit 961:967 pursuit of dose flexibility 961:987 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 2 75 theme 50 599:600 arg1 % 601:601 % 601:601 % 601:601 METHODS FDM was used to generate ~0.5 mm thick discs of varying diameter (2-10 mm) from melt-extruded feedstocks based on 10% to 50% w/w felodipine in ethyl cellulose. 31848730 1 76 dep PURPOSE 120:126 arg1 uses 139:142 uses 139:142 uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts 139:467 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 0 77 theme Fused 92:96 arg1 Modelling 109:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 Fused Deposition Modelling 92:117 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 1 78 theme varying 338:344 arg1 potencies 346:354 varying potencies 338:354 varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes 338:386 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 7 79 theme form 1290:1293 arg1 concepts 1295:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 0 80 theme Content 5:11 arg1 Dispersions 19:29 High Content Solid Dispersions 0:29 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 0:118 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 7 81 theme modular 1275:1281 arg1 concepts 1295:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 modular dosage form concepts 1275:1302 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 8 82 dep varying 1462:1468 arg1 attained 1491:1498 attained 1491:1498 varying drug contents can be attained 1462:1498 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 6 83 theme flexibility 977:987 arg1 pursuit 961:967 pursuit 961:967 pursuit of dose flexibility 961:987 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 6 84 theme extension 1035:1043 arg1 demonstration 1006:1018 this successful demonstration 990:1018 this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions 990:1080 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 0 85 theme Dose 35:38 arg1 Extension 47:55 Dose Window Extension 35:55 Dose Window Extension 35:55 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 7 86 theme content 1246:1252 arg1 dispersions 1260:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 varying content solid dispersions 1238:1270 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 8 87 theme dispensing 1347:1356 arg1 precision 1358:1366 poor dispensing precision 1342:1366 poor dispensing precision 1342:1366 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 6 88 theme solid 1064:1068 arg1 dispersions 1070:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 8 89 theme appropriate 1398:1408 arg1 compatibility 1410:1422 appropriate compatibility 1398:1422 appropriate compatibility 1398:1422 However, poor dispensing precision impedes its utilisation until appropriate compatibility between FDM hardware and materials at varying drug contents can be attained. 31848730 0 90 dep Dispersions 19:29 arg1 Basis 60:64 A Basis 58:64 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 0:118 High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling. 31848730 6 91 theme high 1051:1054 arg1 dispersions 1070:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 high content solid dispersions 1051:1080 CONCLUSIONS In pursuit of dose flexibility, this successful demonstration of dose window extension using high content solid dispersions preserves FDM design flexibility by maintaining applicability to drugs of varying potencies. 31848730 1 92 theme current 213:219 arg1 demonstrations 221:234 current demonstrations 213:234 current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) 213:273 PURPOSE This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts. 31848730 7 93 theme content 1202:1208 arg1 uniformity 1188:1197 The achieved uniformity 1175:1197 The achieved uniformity of content 1175:1208 The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility. 31848730 4 94 theme felodipine 747:756 arg1 content 758:764 Mean felodipine content 742:764 Mean felodipine content 742:764 RESULTS Mean felodipine content was within ±5% of target values for all print volumes and compositions including contents as high as ~50% w/w. 31955764 0 0 theme dry 77:79 arg1 treatment 89:97 dry heating treatment 77:97 dry heating treatment (DHT) 77:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 0 0 theme dry 77:79 arg1 DHT 100:102 DHT 100:102 DHT 100:102 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 0 1 theme DHT 144:146 arg1 conditions 167:176 DHT and gelatinization conditions 144:176 DHT and gelatinization conditions 144:176 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 7 2 with starch 974:979 arg1 content 1002:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 7 2 with starch 974:979 arg1 size 1029:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 0 3 theme cassava 15:21 arg1 hydrogels 30:38 cassava starch hydrogels 15:38 cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT) 15:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 5 4 theme Different 674:682 arg1 conditions 699:708 Different gelatinization conditions 674:708 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) 674:732 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 1 5 theme specific 296:303 arg1 compositions 305:316 specific compositions 296:316 specific compositions 296:316 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 10 6 theme DHT_2h 1332:1337 arg1 strength 1305:1312 the gel strength 1297:1312 the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h 1297:1337 Increasing the temperature used in the gelatinization process reduced the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h. 31955764 11 7 theme strongest 1406:1414 arg1 gels 1416:1419 the strongest gels 1402:1419 the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions 1402:1452 DHT_4h showed the lowest peak apparent viscosity and provided the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions. 31955764 10 8 theme gel 1301:1303 arg1 strength 1305:1312 the gel strength 1297:1312 the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h 1297:1337 Increasing the temperature used in the gelatinization process reduced the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h. 31955764 11 9 theme peak 1365:1368 arg1 viscosity 1379:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 DHT_4h showed the lowest peak apparent viscosity and provided the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions. 31955764 11 10 theme evaluated 1433:1441 arg1 conditions 1443:1452 all the evaluated conditions 1425:1452 all the evaluated conditions 1425:1452 DHT_4h showed the lowest peak apparent viscosity and provided the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions. 31955764 0 11 theme gelatinization 152:165 arg1 conditions 167:176 DHT and gelatinization conditions 144:176 DHT and gelatinization conditions 144:176 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 3 12 theme simple 461:466 arg1 technique 477:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 12 theme simple 461:466 arg1 treatment 442:450 dry heating treatment 430:450 dry heating treatment (DHT) 430:456 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 4 13 dep 2 623:623 arg1 DHT_4h 651:656 DHT_4h 651:656 DHT_4h 651:656 DHT processing was conducted at 130 °C for 2 and 4 h (named DHT_2h and DHT_4h, respectively). 31955764 4 13 dep 2 623:623 arg1 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT processing was conducted at 130 °C for 2 and 4 h (named DHT_2h and DHT_4h, respectively). 31955764 11 14 theme apparent 1370:1377 arg1 viscosity 1379:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 DHT_4h showed the lowest peak apparent viscosity and provided the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions. 31955764 1 15 theme creative 229:236 arg1 items 260:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 0 16 theme heating 81:87 arg1 treatment 89:97 dry heating treatment 77:97 dry heating treatment (DHT) 77:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 0 16 theme heating 81:87 arg1 DHT 100:102 DHT 100:102 DHT 100:102 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 9 17 theme storage 1188:1194 arg1 period 1196:1201 The longest storage period 1176:1201 The longest storage period 1176:1201 The longest storage period increased gel firmness. 31955764 13 18 theme better 1623:1628 arg1 resolution 1630:1639 better resolution 1623:1639 better resolution 1623:1639 This treatment was chosen to print 3D stars, and displayed better resolution than the native gels. 31955764 3 19 from focus 546:550 arg1 use 559:561 its use 555:561 its use for 3D printing 555:577 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 0 20 from study 120:124 arg1 effects 133:139 the effects 129:139 the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions 129:176 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 0 21 from application 44:54 arg1 printing 62:69 3D printing 59:69 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT) 59:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 7 22 theme granule 1021:1027 arg1 size 1029:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 6 23 theme hydrogels 912:920 arg1 application 893:903 the application 889:903 the application of its hydrogels to 3D printing 889:935 Cassava starch properties were evaluated, focusing on the application of its hydrogels to 3D printing. 31955764 12 24 theme native 1526:1531 arg1 starch 1533:1538 the native starch 1522:1538 the native starch 1522:1538 Gels produced with DHT starches exhibited better printability than the native starch, mainly for the DHT_4h. 31955764 7 25 theme DHT 954:956 arg1 time 958:961 DHT time 954:961 DHT time 954:961 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 13 26 theme native 1650:1655 arg1 gels 1657:1660 the native gels 1646:1660 the native gels 1646:1660 This treatment was chosen to print 3D stars, and displayed better resolution than the native gels. 31955764 0 27 theme conditions 167:176 arg1 effects 133:139 the effects 129:139 the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions 129:176 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 14 28 theme 3D 1851:1852 arg1 printing 1854:1861 3D printing 1851:1861 3D printing 1851:1861 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 4 29 theme DHT 580:582 arg1 processing 584:593 DHT processing 580:593 DHT processing 580:593 DHT processing was conducted at 130 °C for 2 and 4 h (named DHT_2h and DHT_4h, respectively). 31955764 8 30 theme molecular 1160:1168 arg1 size 1170:1173 molecular size 1160:1173 molecular size 1160:1173 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 9 31 theme longest 1180:1186 arg1 period 1196:1201 The longest storage period 1176:1201 The longest storage period 1176:1201 The longest storage period increased gel firmness. 31955764 6 32 theme starch 843:848 arg1 properties 850:859 Cassava starch properties 835:859 Cassava starch properties 835:859 Cassava starch properties were evaluated, focusing on the application of its hydrogels to 3D printing. 31955764 14 33 theme cassava 1833:1839 arg1 starch 1841:1846 cassava starch 1833:1846 cassava starch 1833:1846 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 8 34 theme solubility 1099:1108 arg1 index 1110:1114 the water solubility index 1089:1114 the water solubility index 1089:1114 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 1 35 theme unique 239:244 arg1 items 260:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 5 36 dep conditions 699:708 arg1 95 °C 727:731 95 °C 727:731 95 °C 727:731 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 5 36 dep conditions 699:708 arg1 85 719:720 85 719:720 85 719:720 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 3 37 theme cassava 514:520 arg1 starch 522:527 cassava starch 514:527 cassava starch 514:527 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 6 38 theme 3D 925:926 arg1 printing 928:935 3D printing 925:935 3D printing 925:935 Cassava starch properties were evaluated, focusing on the application of its hydrogels to 3D printing. 31955764 0 39 theme starch 23:28 arg1 hydrogels 30:38 cassava starch hydrogels 15:38 cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT) 15:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 6 40 theme Cassava 835:841 arg1 properties 850:859 Cassava starch properties 835:859 Cassava starch properties 835:859 Cassava starch properties were evaluated, focusing on the application of its hydrogels to 3D printing. 31955764 10 41 theme gelatinization 1266:1279 arg1 process 1281:1287 the gelatinization process 1262:1287 the gelatinization process 1262:1287 Increasing the temperature used in the gelatinization process reduced the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h. 31955764 8 42 theme absorption 1061:1070 arg1 index 1072:1076 the water absorption index 1051:1076 the water absorption index 1051:1076 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 10 43 theme native 1321:1326 arg1 strength 1305:1312 the gel strength 1297:1312 the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h 1297:1337 Increasing the temperature used in the gelatinization process reduced the gel strength of the native and DHT_2h. 31955764 2 44 theme new 380:382 arg1 requirement 398:408 this new technological requirement 375:408 this new technological requirement 375:408 However, novel ingredients must be developed to satisfy this new technological requirement. 31955764 2 45 theme technological 384:396 arg1 requirement 398:408 this new technological requirement 375:408 this new technological requirement 375:408 However, novel ingredients must be developed to satisfy this new technological requirement. 31955764 1 46 theme intricate 250:258 arg1 items 260:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 creative, unique and intricate items 229:264 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 3 47 theme heating 434:440 arg1 DHT 453:455 DHT 453:455 DHT 453:455 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 47 theme heating 434:440 arg1 treatment 442:450 dry heating treatment 430:450 dry heating treatment (DHT) 430:456 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 47 theme heating 434:440 arg1 technique 477:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 47 theme heating 434:440 arg1 method 493:498 a method 491:498 a method for modifying cassava starch 491:527 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 5 48 theme gelatinization 684:697 arg1 conditions 699:708 Different gelatinization conditions 674:708 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) 674:732 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 9 49 theme gel 1213:1215 arg1 firmness 1217:1224 gel firmness 1213:1224 gel firmness 1213:1224 The longest storage period increased gel firmness. 31955764 0 50 theme prospective 108:118 arg1 study 120:124 A prospective study 106:124 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 0:177 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 8 51 theme granule 1126:1132 arg1 crystallinity 1134:1146 granule crystallinity 1126:1146 granule crystallinity 1126:1146 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 8 52 theme water 1093:1097 arg1 index 1110:1114 the water solubility index 1089:1114 the water solubility index 1089:1114 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 1 53 theme 3D 179:180 arg1 technology 196:205 a technology 194:205 a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions 194:316 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 1 53 theme 3D 179:180 arg1 printing 182:189 3D printing 179:189 3D printing 179:189 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 0 54 theme hydrogels 30:38 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 0:177 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 13 55 theme print 1593:1597 arg1 stars 1602:1606 print 3D stars 1593:1606 print 3D stars 1593:1606 This treatment was chosen to print 3D stars, and displayed better resolution than the native gels. 31955764 8 56 theme water 1055:1059 arg1 index 1072:1076 the water absorption index 1051:1076 the water absorption index 1051:1076 It also reduced the water absorption index, increased the water solubility index, affected granule crystallinity and reduced molecular size. 31955764 3 57 theme particular 535:544 arg1 focus 546:550 particular focus 535:550 particular focus on its use for 3D printing 535:577 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 14 58 theme enhanced 1729:1736 arg1 properties 1746:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 7 59 theme higher 986:991 arg1 content 1002:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 14 60 with hydrogels 1714:1722 arg1 properties 1746:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 14 60 with hydrogels 1714:1722 arg1 texture 1762:1768 gel texture 1758:1768 gel texture 1758:1768 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 14 60 with hydrogels 1714:1722 arg1 printability 1775:1786 printability 1775:1786 printability 1775:1786 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 3 61 theme 3D 567:568 arg1 printing 570:577 3D printing 567:577 3D printing 567:577 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 7 62 theme carbonyl 993:1000 arg1 content 1002:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 higher carbonyl content 986:1008 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 1 63 theme attractive 272:281 arg1 format 283:288 an attractive format 269:288 an attractive format 269:288 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 7 64 theme time 958:961 arg1 increase 942:949 The increase 938:949 The increase of DHT time 938:961 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 14 65 theme gel 1758:1760 arg1 texture 1762:1768 gel texture 1758:1768 gel texture 1758:1768 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 5 66 theme different 793:801 arg1 7 days 826:831 1 and 7 days 820:831 7 days 826:831 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 5 66 theme different 793:801 arg1 1 820:820 1 820:820 1 820:820 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 5 66 theme different 793:801 arg1 periods 811:817 different storage periods 793:817 different storage periods (1 and 7 days) 793:832 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 14 67 theme pasting 1738:1744 arg1 properties 1746:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 enhanced pasting properties 1729:1755 Therefore, by using DHT, it was possible to obtain hydrogels with enhanced pasting properties, gel texture, and printability, thereby expanding the potential of applying cassava starch to 3D printing. 31955764 7 68 theme bigger 1014:1019 arg1 size 1029:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 bigger granule size 1014:1032 The increase of DHT time produced a starch with higher carbonyl content and bigger granule size. 31955764 4 69 theme named 634:638 arg1 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT_2h 640:645 DHT processing was conducted at 130 °C for 2 and 4 h (named DHT_2h and DHT_4h, respectively). 31955764 11 70 theme lowest 1358:1363 arg1 viscosity 1379:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 the lowest peak apparent viscosity 1354:1387 DHT_4h showed the lowest peak apparent viscosity and provided the strongest gels for all the evaluated conditions. 31955764 13 71 theme 3D 1599:1600 arg1 stars 1602:1606 print 3D stars 1593:1606 print 3D stars 1593:1606 This treatment was chosen to print 3D stars, and displayed better resolution than the native gels. 31955764 12 72 theme DHT 1474:1476 arg1 starches 1478:1485 DHT starches 1474:1485 DHT starches 1474:1485 Gels produced with DHT starches exhibited better printability than the native starch, mainly for the DHT_4h. 31955764 12 73 theme better 1497:1502 arg1 printability 1504:1515 better printability 1497:1515 better printability 1497:1515 Gels produced with DHT starches exhibited better printability than the native starch, mainly for the DHT_4h. 31955764 5 74 theme storage 803:809 arg1 7 days 826:831 1 and 7 days 820:831 7 days 826:831 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 5 74 theme storage 803:809 arg1 1 820:820 1 820:820 1 820:820 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 5 74 theme storage 803:809 arg1 periods 811:817 different storage periods 793:817 different storage periods (1 and 7 days) 793:832 Different gelatinization conditions (65, 75, 85, and 95 °C) were applied, and the hydrogels were evaluated considering different storage periods (1 and 7 days). 31955764 3 75 theme dry 430:432 arg1 DHT 453:455 DHT 453:455 DHT 453:455 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 75 theme dry 430:432 arg1 treatment 442:450 dry heating treatment 430:450 dry heating treatment (DHT) 430:456 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 75 theme dry 430:432 arg1 technique 477:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 75 theme dry 430:432 arg1 method 493:498 a method 491:498 a method for modifying cassava starch 491:527 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 2 76 theme novel 328:332 arg1 ingredients 334:344 novel ingredients 328:344 novel ingredients 328:344 However, novel ingredients must be developed to satisfy this new technological requirement. 31955764 0 77 theme 3D 59:60 arg1 printing 62:69 3D printing 59:69 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT) 59:103 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 0 78 dep Preparation 0:10 arg1 study 120:124 A prospective study 106:124 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 0:177 Preparation of cassava starch hydrogels for application in 3D printing using dry heating treatment (DHT): A prospective study on the effects of DHT and gelatinization conditions. 31955764 3 79 theme physical 468:475 arg1 technique 477:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 a simple physical technique 459:485 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 3 79 theme physical 468:475 arg1 treatment 442:450 dry heating treatment 430:450 dry heating treatment (DHT) 430:456 This work proposes dry heating treatment (DHT), a simple physical technique, as a method for modifying cassava starch, with particular focus on its use for 3D printing. 31955764 1 80 theme capable 207:213 arg1 technology 196:205 a technology 194:205 a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions 194:316 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31955764 1 80 theme capable 207:213 arg1 printing 182:189 3D printing 179:189 3D printing 179:189 3D printing is a technology capable of presenting creative, unique and intricate items in an attractive format, with specific compositions. 31047054 8 0 theme water-absorption 1250:1265 arg1 modulus 1316:1322 similar compressive modulus 1296:1322 similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility 1296:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 0 theme water-absorption 1250:1265 arg1 capacity 1267:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 0 theme water-absorption 1250:1265 arg1 environment 1283:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 4 1 theme hydroxide 742:750 arg1 treatment 752:760 ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment 725:760 ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment 725:760 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 8 2 contain have 1395:1398 arg1 sponges 1387:1393 the composite sponges 1373:1393 the composite sponges 1373:1393 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 2 contain have 1395:1398 arg2 application 1410:1420 potential application 1400:1420 potential application in wound dressings 1400:1439 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 6 3 theme native 974:979 arg1 tissue 986:991 native skin tissue 974:991 native skin tissue 974:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 6 4 contain possessed 929:937 arg2 modulus 961:967 a similar compressive modulus 939:967 a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue 939:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 6 4 contain possessed 929:937 arg1 sponges 921:927 the composite sponges 907:927 the composite sponges 907:927 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 4 5 theme intermolecular 611:624 arg1 interaction 626:636 the intermolecular interaction 607:636 the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM 607:655 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 5 6 theme compression 855:865 arg1 strength 867:874 compression strength 855:874 compression strength of porous sponges 855:892 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 6 7 theme similar 941:947 arg1 modulus 961:967 a similar compressive modulus 939:967 a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue 939:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 8 8 theme excellent 1345:1353 arg1 biocompatibility 1355:1370 excellent biocompatibility 1345:1370 excellent biocompatibility 1345:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 7 9 theme cell 1059:1062 arg1 results 1074:1080 the cell viability results 1055:1080 the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells 1055:1119 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 4 10 theme polymer 703:709 arg1 network 711:717 interpenetrating polymer network 686:717 interpenetrating polymer network 686:717 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 6 11 theme wound 1028:1032 arg1 treatment 1034:1042 wound treatment 1028:1042 wound treatment 1028:1042 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 8 12 theme wound 1425:1429 arg1 dressings 1431:1439 wound dressings 1425:1439 wound dressings 1425:1439 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 2 13 theme protein/polysaccharide 345:366 arg1 sponges 368:374 biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges 331:374 biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges 331:374 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 8 14 theme composite 1377:1385 arg1 sponges 1387:1393 the composite sponges 1373:1393 the composite sponges 1373:1393 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 3 15 theme pore 559:562 arg1 structure 564:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 2 16 theme dressing 421:428 arg1 application 430:440 wound dressing application 415:440 wound dressing application 415:440 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 5 17 theme water-retention 824:838 arg1 abilities 840:848 water-retention abilities 824:848 water-retention abilities 824:848 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 6 18 theme skin 981:984 arg1 tissue 986:991 native skin tissue 974:991 native skin tissue 974:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 2 19 theme konjac 270:275 arg1 KGM 290:292 KGM 290:292 KGM 290:292 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 2 19 theme konjac 270:275 arg1 glucomannan 277:287 konjac glucomannan 270:287 konjac glucomannan (KGM) 270:293 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 2 20 theme wound 415:419 arg1 application 430:440 wound dressing application 415:440 wound dressing application 415:440 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 0 21 theme robust 13:18 arg1 silk 33:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk protein/polysaccharide composite sponges for wound dressing. 31047054 3 22 theme interconnected 544:557 arg1 structure 564:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 7 23 theme cell 1188:1191 arg1 adhesion 1193:1200 cell adhesion 1188:1200 cell adhesion 1188:1200 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 0 24 theme Mechanically 0:11 arg1 silk 33:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk protein/polysaccharide composite sponges for wound dressing. 31047054 4 25 theme Raman 584:588 arg1 results 590:596 FTIR and Raman results 575:596 results 590:596 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 1 26 theme cutaneous 103:111 arg1 tissue 113:118 The cutaneous tissue 99:118 The cutaneous tissue 99:118 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 4 27 theme network 711:717 arg1 formation 673:681 the formation 669:681 the formation of interpenetrating polymer network 669:717 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 0 28 theme flexible 24:31 arg1 silk 33:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk 0:36 Mechanically robust and flexible silk protein/polysaccharide composite sponges for wound dressing. 31047054 2 29 attach crosslinked 311:321 arg3 study 241:245 this study 236:245 this study 236:245 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 5 30 theme Raising 763:769 arg1 content 775:781 Raising KGM content 763:781 Raising KGM content 763:781 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 8 31 from application 1410:1420 arg1 dressings 1431:1439 wound dressings 1425:1439 wound dressings 1425:1439 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 1 32 theme tissue 225:230 arg1 functionality 204:216 the functionality 200:216 the functionality of the tissue 200:230 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 8 33 theme compressive 1304:1314 arg1 modulus 1316:1322 similar compressive modulus 1296:1322 similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility 1296:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 33 theme compressive 1304:1314 arg1 capacity 1267:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 5 34 theme KGM 771:773 arg1 content 775:781 Raising KGM content 763:781 Raising KGM content 763:781 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 6 35 theme matched 1004:1010 arg1 flexibility 1012:1022 a matched flexibility 1002:1022 a matched flexibility for wound treatment 1002:1042 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 3 36 theme homogeneous 532:542 arg1 structure 564:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 homogeneous interconnected pore structure 532:572 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 8 37 theme skin 1329:1332 arg1 tissue 1334:1339 skin tissue 1329:1339 skin tissue 1329:1339 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 3 38 theme SF/KGM 516:521 arg1 ratio 507:511 blend ratio 501:511 blend ratio of SF/KGM 501:521 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 6 39 with modulus 961:967 arg1 tissue 986:991 native skin tissue 974:991 native skin tissue 974:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 8 40 theme potential 1400:1408 arg1 application 1410:1420 potential application 1400:1420 potential application in wound dressings 1400:1439 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 3 41 theme pore 447:450 arg1 structure 452:460 The pore structure 443:460 The pore structure of sponges 443:471 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 1 42 contain contains 120:127 arg1 tissue 113:118 The cutaneous tissue 99:118 The cutaneous tissue 99:118 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 1 42 contain contains 120:127 arg2 components 165:174 polysaccharide components 150:174 polysaccharide components 150:174 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 1 42 contain contains 120:127 arg2 protein 138:144 cellular protein 129:144 cellular protein 129:144 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 7 43 theme excellent 1157:1165 arg1 biocompatibility 1167:1182 excellent biocompatibility 1157:1182 excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation 1157:1218 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 6 44 theme compressive 949:959 arg1 modulus 961:967 a similar compressive modulus 939:967 a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue 939:991 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 2 45 theme silk 248:251 arg1 SF 262:263 SF 262:263 SF 262:263 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 2 45 theme silk 248:251 arg1 fibroin 253:259 silk fibroin 248:259 silk fibroin (SF) 248:264 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 7 46 theme fibroblast 1104:1113 arg1 cells 1115:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 8 47 theme moist 1277:1281 arg1 capacity 1267:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 47 theme moist 1277:1281 arg1 environment 1283:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 5 48 theme porous 879:884 arg1 sponges 886:892 porous sponges 879:892 porous sponges 879:892 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 5 49 theme sponges 886:892 arg1 strength 867:874 compression strength 855:874 compression strength of porous sponges 855:892 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 5 49 theme sponges 886:892 arg1 water-absorption 806:821 water-absorption 806:821 water-absorption 806:821 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 5 49 theme sponges 886:892 arg1 abilities 840:848 water-retention abilities 824:848 water-retention abilities 824:848 Raising KGM content significantly enhanced water-absorption, water-retention abilities, and compression strength of porous sponges. 31047054 3 50 theme sponges 465:471 arg1 structure 452:460 The pore structure 443:460 The pore structure of sponges 443:471 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 1 51 theme cellular 129:136 arg1 protein 138:144 cellular protein 129:144 cellular protein 129:144 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 0 52 theme composite 61:69 arg1 sponges 71:77 composite sponges 61:77 composite sponges for wound dressing 61:96 Mechanically robust and flexible silk protein/polysaccharide composite sponges for wound dressing. 31047054 4 53 theme FTIR 575:578 arg1 results 590:596 FTIR and Raman results 575:596 results 590:596 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 7 54 theme human 1091:1095 arg1 cells 1115:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 2 55 theme biocompatible 331:343 arg1 sponges 368:374 biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges 331:374 biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges 331:374 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 8 56 theme strong 1243:1248 arg1 modulus 1316:1322 similar compressive modulus 1296:1322 similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility 1296:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 56 theme strong 1243:1248 arg1 capacity 1267:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 56 theme strong 1243:1248 arg1 environment 1283:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 moist environment 1277:1293 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 57 theme similar 1296:1302 arg1 modulus 1316:1322 similar compressive modulus 1296:1322 similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility 1296:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 57 theme similar 1296:1302 arg1 capacity 1267:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 the strong water-absorption capacity 1239:1274 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 4 58 theme ethanol/ammonium 725:740 arg1 treatment 752:760 ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment 725:760 ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment 725:760 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 3 59 theme blend 501:505 arg1 ratio 507:511 blend ratio 501:511 blend ratio of SF/KGM 501:521 The pore structure of sponges can be adjusted by changing blend ratio of SF/KGM, forming homogeneous interconnected pore structure. 31047054 7 60 theme dermal 1097:1102 arg1 cells 1115:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 human dermal fibroblast cells 1091:1119 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 8 61 with modulus 1316:1322 arg1 tissue 1334:1339 skin tissue 1329:1339 skin tissue 1329:1339 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 8 61 with modulus 1316:1322 arg1 biocompatibility 1355:1370 excellent biocompatibility 1345:1370 excellent biocompatibility 1345:1370 Therefore, due to the strong water-absorption capacity, moist environment, similar compressive modulus with skin tissue and excellent biocompatibility, the composite sponges have potential application in wound dressings. 31047054 1 62 theme polysaccharide 150:163 arg1 components 165:174 polysaccharide components 150:174 polysaccharide components 150:174 The cutaneous tissue contains cellular protein and polysaccharide components which together maintain the functionality of the tissue. 31047054 0 63 theme wound 83:87 arg1 dressing 89:96 wound dressing 83:96 wound dressing 83:96 Mechanically robust and flexible silk protein/polysaccharide composite sponges for wound dressing. 31047054 6 64 theme composite 911:919 arg1 sponges 921:927 the composite sponges 907:927 the composite sponges 907:927 Especially, the composite sponges possessed a similar compressive modulus with native skin tissue, showing a matched flexibility for wound treatment. 31047054 2 65 theme mechanical 389:398 arg1 properties 400:409 tunable mechanical properties 381:409 tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application 381:440 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 31047054 4 66 theme interpenetrating 686:701 arg1 network 711:717 interpenetrating polymer network 686:717 interpenetrating polymer network 686:717 FTIR and Raman results revealed the intermolecular interaction between SF and KGM, suggesting the formation of interpenetrating polymer network after ethanol/ammonium hydroxide treatment. 31047054 7 67 theme viability 1064:1072 arg1 results 1074:1080 the cell viability results 1055:1080 the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells 1055:1119 Moreover, the cell viability results based on human dermal fibroblast cells demonstrated that the sponge showed excellent biocompatibility for cell adhesion and proliferation. 31047054 2 68 theme tunable 381:387 arg1 properties 400:409 tunable mechanical properties 381:409 tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application 381:440 In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were physically crosslinked to form biocompatible protein/polysaccharide sponges with tunable mechanical properties for wound dressing application. 29969640 0 0 theme native 89:94 arg1 starches 109:116 native and modified starches 89:116 native and modified starches 89:116 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 7 1 theme esterified 1072:1081 arg1 TS 1083:1084 esterified TS 1072:1084 esterified TS (ETS) 1072:1090 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 7 1 theme esterified 1072:1081 arg1 ETS 1087:1089 ETS 1087:1089 ETS 1087:1089 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 1 2 from pH 6.2 281:286 arg1 NaCl 273:276 0.6 M NaCl 267:276 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2 267:286 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 1 3 theme % 154:154 arg1 MP 178:179 MP 178:179 MP 178:179 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 1 3 theme % 154:154 arg1 protein 169:175 2% myofibrillar protein 153:175 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2 153:286 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 2 4 from role 293:296 arg1 microstructure 387:400 microstructure 387:400 microstructure 387:400 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 2 4 from role 293:296 arg1 rheology 374:381 rheology 374:381 rheology 374:381 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 1 5 theme myofibrillar 156:167 arg1 MP 178:179 MP 178:179 MP 178:179 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 1 5 theme myofibrillar 156:167 arg1 protein 169:175 2% myofibrillar protein 153:175 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2 153:286 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 6 6 theme effect 923:928 arg1 " 929:929 the "packing effect" 910:929 the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels 910:962 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 6 theme effect 923:928 arg1 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 0 7 theme modified 100:107 arg1 starches 109:116 native and modified starches 89:116 native and modified starches 89:116 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 3 8 theme MP 557:558 arg1 sols/gels 560:568 the MP sols/gels 553:568 the MP sols/gels 553:568 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 1 9 from NaCl 273:276 arg1 starch 203:208 starch 203:208 starch 203:208 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 4 10 theme starch 679:684 arg1 types 686:690 specific starch types 670:690 specific starch types 670:690 The increase in G' was inversely related to the pasting temperature of specific starch types. 29969640 6 11 theme packing 915:921 arg1 " 929:929 the "packing effect" 910:929 the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels 910:962 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 11 theme packing 915:921 arg1 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 5 12 theme esterified 852:861 arg1 starches 863:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 3 13 theme substantial 500:510 arg1 increases 512:520 substantial increases 500:520 substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels 500:568 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 5 14 contain containing 764:773 arg2 starches 786:793 esterified starches 775:793 esterified starches 775:793 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 14 contain containing 764:773 arg1 gels 759:762 the MP composite gels 742:762 the MP composite gels containing esterified starches 742:793 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 2 15 dep starch 308:313 arg1 tapioca 326:332 tapioca 326:332 tapioca 326:332 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 2 15 dep starch 308:313 arg1 potato 316:321 potato 316:321 potato 316:321 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 7 16 from 80 °C 1166:1170 arg1 WHC 1144:1146 the WHC 1140:1146 the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C 1140:1170 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 5 17 theme cross-linked 839:850 arg1 starches 863:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 2 18 theme native 301:306 arg1 starch 308:313 native starch 301:313 native starch (potato or tapioca) 301:333 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 5 19 dep strength 697:704 arg1 The 693:695 The 693:695 The 693:695 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 20 theme gels 759:762 arg1 WHC 734:736 WHC 734:736 WHC 734:736 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 20 theme gels 759:762 arg1 strength 697:704 strength 697:704 strength 697:704 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 20 theme gels 759:762 arg1 capacity 724:731 water-holding capacity 710:731 water-holding capacity (WHC) 710:737 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 0 21 theme starches 109:116 arg1 Comparison 75:84 Comparison 75:84 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 0:117 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 2 22 dep rheology 374:381 arg1 the 370:372 the 370:372 the 370:372 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 4 23 theme types 686:690 arg1 temperature 655:665 the pasting temperature 643:665 the pasting temperature of specific starch types 643:690 The increase in G' was inversely related to the pasting temperature of specific starch types. 29969640 3 24 theme rheological 436:446 arg1 testing 448:454 Dynamic rheological testing 428:454 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) 428:491 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 6 25 theme larger 1032:1037 arg1 size 1047:1050 the larger granule size 1028:1050 the larger granule size of the PS 1028:1060 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 26 from " 929:929 arg1 gels 959:962 MP gels 956:962 MP gels 956:962 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 4 27 theme pasting 647:653 arg1 temperature 655:665 the pasting temperature 643:665 the pasting temperature of specific starch types 643:690 The increase in G' was inversely related to the pasting temperature of specific starch types. 29969640 5 28 theme esterified 775:784 arg1 starches 786:793 esterified starches 775:793 esterified starches 775:793 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 1 29 theme modified 246:253 arg1 starches 255:262 their modified starches 240:262 their modified starches 240:262 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 3 30 with testing 448:454 arg1 20-80 °C 483:490 20-80 °C 483:490 20-80 °C 483:490 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 30 with testing 448:454 arg1 sweeping 473:480 temperature sweeping 461:480 temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) 461:491 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 31 theme storage 529:535 arg1 G 546:546 G' 546:547 G' 546:547 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 31 theme storage 529:535 arg1 modulus 537:543 the storage modulus 525:543 the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels 525:568 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 7 32 theme MP 1155:1156 arg1 gels 1158:1161 the MP gels 1151:1161 the MP gels 1151:1161 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 6 33 theme MP 956:957 arg1 gels 959:962 MP gels 956:962 MP gels 956:962 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 2 34 theme starch 308:313 arg1 role 293:296 The role 289:296 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels 289:411 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 7 35 theme native 1096:1101 arg1 TS 1103:1104 native TS 1096:1104 native TS 1096:1104 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 0 36 theme protein-starch 44:57 arg1 gels 69:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 1 37 theme 0.6 M 267:271 arg1 NaCl 273:276 0.6 M NaCl 267:276 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2 267:286 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 5 38 theme MP 746:747 arg1 gels 759:762 the MP composite gels 742:762 the MP composite gels containing esterified starches 742:793 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 2 39 theme counterparts 354:365 arg1 role 293:296 The role 289:296 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels 289:411 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 0 40 theme myofibrillar 31:42 arg1 gels 69:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 6 41 theme Microstructural 873:887 arg1 analysis 889:896 Microstructural analysis 873:896 Microstructural analysis 873:896 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 3 42 theme sols/gels 560:568 arg1 G 546:546 G' 546:547 G' 546:547 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 42 theme sols/gels 560:568 arg1 modulus 537:543 the storage modulus 525:543 the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels 525:568 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 5 43 theme composite 749:757 arg1 gels 759:762 the MP composite gels 742:762 the MP composite gels containing esterified starches 742:793 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 2 44 theme modified 345:352 arg1 counterparts 354:365 their modified counterparts 339:365 their modified counterparts 339:365 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 0 45 theme gels 69:72 arg1 microstructure 13:26 microstructure 13:26 microstructure 13:26 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 0 45 theme gels 69:72 arg1 Rheology 0:7 Rheology 0:7 Rheology 0:7 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 5 46 theme water-holding 710:722 arg1 WHC 734:736 WHC 734:736 WHC 734:736 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 46 theme water-holding 710:722 arg1 capacity 724:731 water-holding capacity 710:731 water-holding capacity (WHC) 710:737 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 4 47 theme specific 670:677 arg1 types 686:690 specific starch types 670:690 specific starch types 670:690 The increase in G' was inversely related to the pasting temperature of specific starch types. 29969640 1 48 from starch 203:208 arg1 NaCl 273:276 0.6 M NaCl 267:276 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2 267:286 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 1 49 theme Composite 119:127 arg1 gels 129:132 Composite gels 119:132 Composite gels 119:132 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 0 50 theme composite 59:67 arg1 gels 69:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels 31:72 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 5 51 link cross-linked 839:850 arg1 starches 863:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 2 52 theme MP 405:406 arg1 gels 408:411 MP gels 405:411 MP gels 405:411 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 3 53 theme temperature 461:471 arg1 20-80 °C 483:490 20-80 °C 483:490 20-80 °C 483:490 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 53 theme temperature 461:471 arg1 sweeping 473:480 temperature sweeping 461:480 temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) 461:491 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 5 54 theme native 829:834 arg1 starches 863:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 3 55 from increases 512:520 arg1 G 546:546 G' 546:547 G' 546:547 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 3 55 from increases 512:520 arg1 modulus 537:543 the storage modulus 525:543 the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels 525:568 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 6 56 theme PS 1059:1060 arg1 size 1047:1050 the larger granule size 1028:1050 the larger granule size of the PS 1028:1060 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 7 57 theme gels 1158:1161 arg1 WHC 1144:1146 the WHC 1140:1146 the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C 1140:1170 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 5 58 contain containing 818:827 arg1 those 812:816 those 812:816 those 812:816 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 5 58 contain containing 818:827 arg2 starches 863:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 native or cross-linked esterified starches 829:870 The strength and water-holding capacity (WHC) of the MP composite gels containing esterified starches were superior to those containing native or cross-linked esterified starches. 29969640 7 59 theme greatest 1115:1122 arg1 contribution 1124:1135 the greatest contribution 1111:1135 the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C 1111:1170 However, esterified TS (ETS) and native TS made the greatest contribution to the WHC of the MP gels at 80 °C. 29969640 6 60 theme granule 1039:1045 arg1 size 1047:1050 the larger granule size 1028:1050 the larger granule size of the PS 1028:1060 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 1 61 dep starch 203:208 arg1 tapioca 221:227 tapioca 221:227 tapioca 221:227 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 1 61 dep starch 203:208 arg1 potato 211:216 potato 211:216 potato 211:216 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 29969640 3 62 theme Dynamic 428:434 arg1 testing 448:454 Dynamic rheological testing 428:454 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) 428:491 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 6 63 theme starch 941:946 arg1 " 929:929 the "packing effect" 910:929 the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels 910:962 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 63 theme starch 941:946 arg1 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 remarkable 973:982 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 3 64 theme starch 591:596 arg1 addition 579:586 the addition 575:586 the addition of starch 575:596 Dynamic rheological testing with temperature sweeping (20-80 °C) showed substantial increases in the storage modulus (G') of the MP sols/gels with the addition of starch. 29969640 6 65 theme tapioca 997:1003 arg1 TS 1013:1014 TS 1013:1014 TS 1013:1014 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 65 theme tapioca 997:1003 arg1 starch 1005:1010 tapioca starch 997:1010 tapioca starch (TS) 997:1015 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 66 theme potato 934:939 arg1 PS 949:950 PS 949:950 PS 949:950 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 6 66 theme potato 934:939 arg1 starch 941:946 potato starch 934:946 potato starch (PS) 934:951 Microstructural analysis showed that the "packing effect" of potato starch (PS) on MP gels was more remarkable than that of tapioca starch (TS) because of the larger granule size of the PS. 29969640 2 67 theme gels 408:411 arg1 microstructure 387:400 microstructure 387:400 microstructure 387:400 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 2 67 theme gels 408:411 arg1 rheology 374:381 rheology 374:381 rheology 374:381 The role of native starch (potato or tapioca) and their modified counterparts in the rheology and microstructure of MP gels was evaluated. 29969640 0 68 dep Rheology 0:7 arg1 Comparison 75:84 Comparison 75:84 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 0:117 Rheology and microstructure of myofibrillar protein-starch composite gels: Comparison of native and modified starches. 29969640 1 69 theme 2 153:153 arg1 % 154:154 % 154:154 % 154:154 Composite gels were prepared from 2% myofibrillar protein (MP) imbedded with native starch (potato or tapioca starch) or their modified starches in 0.6 M NaCl at pH 6.2. 31028613 5 0 theme GPI-anchored 689:700 arg1 β-glucosidase 702:714 GPI-anchored β-glucosidase 689:714 GPI-anchored β-glucosidase 689:714 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 4 1 theme most 460:463 arg1 groups 465:470 most groups 460:470 most groups 460:470 While in most groups it regulates cell wall extension, in Poaceae its role is still unclear. 31028613 3 2 from present 406:412 arg1 walls 425:429 primary walls 417:429 primary walls of all angiosperms 417:448 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 1 3 theme membrane-bound 268:281 arg1 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 15 4 with state 2011:2015 arg1 oligosaccharides 2050:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides 2038:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane 2038:2104 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 0 5 from exoglycosidases 11:25 arg1 conservation 80:91 the conservation 76:91 the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms 76:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 0 5 from exoglycosidases 11:25 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 11 6 contain has 1299:1301 arg2 sequence 1325:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 11 6 contain has 1299:1301 arg1 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 11 6 contain has 1299:1301 arg1 BdBGLC2 1272:1278 Closely related BdBGLC2 1256:1278 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280) 1256:1290 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 8 7 theme Xylosidase 936:945 arg1 mutants 965:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants 936:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants 936:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants were complemented, respectively, by BdXYL1 (Bd2g02070) and BdBGAL1 (Bd2g56607). 31028613 13 8 theme signal 1784:1789 arg1 peptide 1791:1797 a signal peptide 1782:1797 a signal peptide 1782:1797 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 localized to the cytosol and both proteins lack a signal peptide. 31028613 0 9 theme disassembly 107:117 arg1 conservation 80:91 the conservation 76:91 the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms 76:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 0 9 theme disassembly 107:117 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 6 10 from alterations 757:767 arg1 composition 783:793 xyloglucan composition 772:793 xyloglucan composition 772:793 Mutants in the corresponding genes show alterations in xyloglucan composition. 31028613 2 11 from Arabidopsis 340:350 arg1 cytosolic 381:389 cytosolic 381:389 cytosolic 381:389 However, unlike in Arabidopsis, both fucosidases are likely cytosolic. 31028613 12 12 theme xyloglucan 1616:1625 arg1 oligosaccharides 1627:1642 xyloglucan oligosaccharides 1616:1642 xyloglucan oligosaccharides 1616:1642 Both BdXFUC1 (Bd3g25226) and BdXFUC2 (Bd1g28366) can hydrolyze fucose from xyloglucan oligosaccharides but were unable to complement a fucosidase mutant. 31028613 0 13 theme xyloglucan 96:105 arg1 disassembly 107:117 xyloglucan disassembly 96:117 xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms 96:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 0 14 from distachyon 61:70 arg1 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 12 15 from oligosaccharides 1627:1642 arg1 fucose 1604:1609 fucose 1604:1609 fucose from xyloglucan oligosaccharides 1604:1642 Both BdXFUC1 (Bd3g25226) and BdXFUC2 (Bd1g28366) can hydrolyze fucose from xyloglucan oligosaccharides but were unable to complement a fucosidase mutant. 31028613 11 16 theme related 1264:1270 arg1 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Bd2g51280 1281:1289 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 11 16 theme related 1264:1270 arg1 BdBGLC2 1272:1278 Closely related BdBGLC2 1256:1278 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280) 1256:1290 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 6 17 theme xyloglucan 772:781 arg1 composition 783:793 xyloglucan composition 772:793 xyloglucan composition 772:793 Mutants in the corresponding genes show alterations in xyloglucan composition. 31028613 11 18 theme soluble 1489:1495 arg1 glucosidases 1527:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 8 19 theme galactosidase 951:963 arg1 mutants 965:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants 936:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants 936:971 Xylosidase and galactosidase mutants were complemented, respectively, by BdXYL1 (Bd2g02070) and BdBGAL1 (Bd2g56607). 31028613 15 20 gly fucosylated 2038:2048 arg1 oligosaccharides 2050:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides 2038:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane 2038:2104 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 10 21 theme glucosidase 1236:1246 arg1 mutant 1248:1253 a glucosidase mutant 1234:1253 a glucosidase mutant 1234:1253 In addition, soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) complemented a glucosidase mutant. 31028613 9 22 theme XLLG 1143:1146 arg1 oligosaccharides 1148:1163 XLLG oligosaccharides 1143:1163 XLLG oligosaccharides 1143:1163 BdBGAL1, unlike other xyloglucan β-galactosidases, is able to remove both galactoses from XLLG oligosaccharides. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 α-fucosidases 306:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 set 170:172 a full set 163:172 a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases 163:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 23 theme exoglycosidases 177:191 arg1 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 9 24 theme xyloglucan 1075:1084 arg1 β-galactosidases 1086:1101 other xyloglucan β-galactosidases 1069:1101 other xyloglucan β-galactosidases 1069:1101 BdBGAL1, unlike other xyloglucan β-galactosidases, is able to remove both galactoses from XLLG oligosaccharides. 31028613 11 25 dep found 1339:1343 arg1 associated 1345:1354 associated 1345:1354 associated with the plasma membrane 1345:1379 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 3 26 theme angiosperms 438:448 arg1 walls 425:429 primary walls 417:429 primary walls of all angiosperms 417:448 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 11 27 contain has 1485:1487 arg2 glucosidases 1527:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 11 27 contain has 1485:1487 arg1 Brachypodium 1467:1478 Brachypodium 1467:1478 Brachypodium 1467:1478 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 5 28 dep participate 565:575 arg1 β-glucosidase 671:683 soluble β-glucosidase 663:683 soluble β-glucosidase 663:683 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 5 28 dep participate 565:575 arg1 β-glucosidase 702:714 GPI-anchored β-glucosidase 689:714 GPI-anchored β-glucosidase 689:714 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 5 28 dep participate 565:575 arg1 α-xylosidase 618:629 α-xylosidase 618:629 α-xylosidase 618:629 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 5 28 dep participate 565:575 arg1 α-fucosidase 649:660 α-fucosidase 649:660 α-fucosidase 649:660 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 5 28 dep participate 565:575 arg1 β-galactosidase 632:646 β-galactosidase 632:646 β-galactosidase 632:646 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 1 29 theme active 193:198 arg1 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 29 theme active 193:198 arg1 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 29 theme active 193:198 arg1 α-fucosidases 306:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 29 theme active 193:198 arg1 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 29 theme active 193:198 arg1 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 3 30 theme primary 417:423 arg1 walls 425:429 primary walls 417:429 primary walls of all angiosperms 417:448 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 3 31 from walls 425:429 arg1 present 406:412 present 406:412 present 406:412 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 15 32 theme ancestral 2001:2009 arg1 α-fucosidases 1979:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 15 32 theme ancestral 2001:2009 arg1 state 2011:2015 the ancestral state 1997:2015 the ancestral state in angiosperms 1997:2030 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 2 33 from cytosolic 381:389 arg1 Arabidopsis 340:350 Arabidopsis 340:350 Arabidopsis 340:350 However, unlike in Arabidopsis, both fucosidases are likely cytosolic. 31028613 11 34 theme membrane-bound 1501:1514 arg1 glucosidases 1527:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 0 35 theme Xyloglucan 0:9 arg1 exoglycosidases 11:25 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases 0:25 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 0:133 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 3 36 located present 406:412 arg1 walls 425:429 primary walls 417:429 primary walls of all angiosperms 417:448 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 3 36 located present 406:412 arg2 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 11 37 theme xyloglucan 1516:1525 arg1 glucosidases 1527:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases 1489:1538 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 14 38 theme family 1877:1882 arg1 lineages 1860:1867 some eudicot lineages 1847:1867 some eudicot lineages of this family 1847:1882 Signal peptides appear to have evolved only in some eudicot lineages of this family, like the one leading to Arabidopsis. 31028613 15 39 from state 2011:2015 arg1 angiosperms 2020:2030 angiosperms 2020:2030 angiosperms 2020:2030 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 6 40 theme corresponding 732:744 arg1 genes 746:750 the corresponding genes 728:750 the corresponding genes 728:750 Mutants in the corresponding genes show alterations in xyloglucan composition. 31028613 13 41 theme Fluorescent 1695:1705 arg1 fusions 1715:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions 1695:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 1695:1732 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 localized to the cytosol and both proteins lack a signal peptide. 31028613 10 42 theme soluble 1179:1185 arg1 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 In addition, soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) complemented a glucosidase mutant. 31028613 10 42 theme soluble 1179:1185 arg1 BdBGLC1 1201:1207 soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 1179:1207 soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) 1179:1219 In addition, soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) complemented a glucosidase mutant. 31028613 13 43 theme BdXFUC1 1726:1732 arg1 fusions 1715:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions 1695:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 1695:1732 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 localized to the cytosol and both proteins lack a signal peptide. 31028613 0 44 theme model 42:46 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 10 45 theme β-glucosidase 1187:1199 arg1 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 Bd1g08550 1210:1218 In addition, soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) complemented a glucosidase mutant. 31028613 10 45 theme β-glucosidase 1187:1199 arg1 BdBGLC1 1201:1207 soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 1179:1207 soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) 1179:1219 In addition, soluble β-glucosidase BdBGLC1 (Bd1g08550) complemented a glucosidase mutant. 31028613 0 46 from conservation 80:91 arg1 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 0 47 theme monocot 34:40 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 7 48 theme grass 841:845 arg1 distachyon 860:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 31028613 15 49 theme cytosolic 1958:1966 arg1 α-fucosidases 1979:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 15 49 theme cytosolic 1958:1966 arg1 state 2011:2015 the ancestral state 1997:2015 the ancestral state in angiosperms 1997:2030 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 4 50 theme wall 490:493 arg1 extension 495:503 cell wall extension 485:503 cell wall extension 485:503 While in most groups it regulates cell wall extension, in Poaceae its role is still unclear. 31028613 15 51 theme xyloglucan 1968:1977 arg1 α-fucosidases 1979:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases 1958:1991 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 15 51 theme xyloglucan 1968:1977 arg1 state 2011:2015 the ancestral state 1997:2015 the ancestral state in angiosperms 1997:2030 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 14 52 theme eudicot 1852:1858 arg1 lineages 1860:1867 some eudicot lineages 1847:1867 some eudicot lineages of this family 1847:1882 Signal peptides appear to have evolved only in some eudicot lineages of this family, like the one leading to Arabidopsis. 31028613 9 53 theme other 1069:1073 arg1 β-galactosidases 1086:1101 other xyloglucan β-galactosidases 1069:1101 other xyloglucan β-galactosidases 1069:1101 BdBGAL1, unlike other xyloglucan β-galactosidases, is able to remove both galactoses from XLLG oligosaccharides. 31028613 7 54 theme Brachypodium 847:858 arg1 distachyon 860:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 31028613 4 55 theme cell 485:488 arg1 extension 495:503 cell wall extension 485:503 cell wall extension 485:503 While in most groups it regulates cell wall extension, in Poaceae its role is still unclear. 31028613 6 56 from Mutants 717:723 arg1 genes 746:750 the corresponding genes 728:750 the corresponding genes 728:750 Mutants in the corresponding genes show alterations in xyloglucan composition. 31028613 11 57 theme putative 1305:1312 arg1 sequence 1325:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 0 58 theme Brachypodium 48:59 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 12 59 theme fucosidase 1676:1685 arg1 mutant 1687:1692 a fucosidase mutant 1674:1692 a fucosidase mutant 1674:1692 Both BdXFUC1 (Bd3g25226) and BdXFUC2 (Bd1g28366) can hydrolyze fucose from xyloglucan oligosaccharides but were unable to complement a fucosidase mutant. 31028613 15 60 theme plasma 2090:2095 arg1 membrane 2097:2104 the plasma membrane 2086:2104 the plasma membrane 2086:2104 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 0 61 from angiosperms 122:132 arg1 conservation 80:91 the conservation 76:91 the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms 76:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 0 61 from angiosperms 122:132 arg1 distachyon 61:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon 30:70 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 5 62 theme soluble 663:669 arg1 β-glucosidase 671:683 soluble β-glucosidase 663:683 soluble β-glucosidase 663:683 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 5 63 theme xyloglucan 580:589 arg1 hydrolysis 591:600 xyloglucan hydrolysis 580:600 xyloglucan hydrolysis 580:600 Five exoglycosidases participate in xyloglucan hydrolysis in Arabidopsis: α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, α-fucosidase, soluble β-glucosidase and GPI-anchored β-glucosidase. 31028613 1 64 theme Brachypodium 135:146 arg1 distachyon 148:157 Brachypodium distachyon 135:157 Brachypodium distachyon 135:157 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 7 65 theme model 835:839 arg1 distachyon 860:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 31028613 7 66 from orthologs 818:826 arg1 distachyon 860:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 831:869 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 31028613 11 67 theme truncated 1392:1400 arg1 version 1402:1408 only a truncated version 1385:1408 only a truncated version without GPI-anchor 1385:1427 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 11 68 theme GPI-anchor 1314:1323 arg1 sequence 1325:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 a putative GPI-anchor sequence 1303:1332 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 0 69 from disassembly 107:117 arg1 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 angiosperms 122:132 Xyloglucan exoglycosidases in the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon and the conservation of xyloglucan disassembly in angiosperms. 31028613 15 70 theme fucosylated 2038:2048 arg1 oligosaccharides 2050:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides 2038:2065 fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane 2038:2104 These results could be explained if cytosolic xyloglucan α-fucosidases are the ancestral state in angiosperms, with fucosylated oligosaccharides transported across the plasma membrane. 31028613 13 71 theme protein 1707:1713 arg1 fusions 1715:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions 1695:1721 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 1695:1732 Fluorescent protein fusions of BdXFUC1 localized to the cytosol and both proteins lack a signal peptide. 31028613 14 72 theme Signal 1800:1805 arg1 peptides 1807:1814 Signal peptides 1800:1814 Signal peptides 1800:1814 Signal peptides appear to have evolved only in some eudicot lineages of this family, like the one leading to Arabidopsis. 31028613 7 73 theme Arabidopsis 915:925 arg1 mutants 927:933 Arabidopsis mutants 915:933 Arabidopsis mutants 915:933 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 31028613 3 74 attach present 406:412 arg2 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan 392:401 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 3 74 attach present 406:412 arg1 walls 425:429 primary walls 417:429 primary walls of all angiosperms 417:448 Xyloglucan is present in primary walls of all angiosperms. 31028613 1 75 theme soluble 256:262 arg1 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 α-fucosidases 306:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg1 distachyon 148:157 Brachypodium distachyon 135:157 Brachypodium distachyon 135:157 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 76 contain has 159:161 arg2 set 170:172 a full set 163:172 a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases 163:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 11 77 theme plasma 1365:1370 arg1 membrane 1372:1379 the plasma membrane 1361:1379 the plasma membrane 1361:1379 Closely related BdBGLC2 (Bd2g51280), which has a putative GPI-anchor sequence, was found associated with the plasma membrane and only a truncated version without GPI-anchor complemented the mutant, proving that Brachypodium also has soluble and membrane-bound xyloglucan glucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 β-galactosidase 239:253 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 α-fucosidases 306:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 two α-fucosidases 302:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 set 170:172 a full set 163:172 a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases 163:318 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 α-xylosidase 225:236 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 β-glucosidases 283:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases 256:296 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 1 78 theme full 165:168 arg1 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 exoglycosidases 177:191 Brachypodium distachyon has a full set of exoglycosidases active on xyloglucan, including α-xylosidase, β-galactosidase, soluble and membrane-bound β-glucosidases and two α-fucosidases. 31028613 7 79 theme putative 809:816 arg1 orthologs 818:826 putative orthologs 809:826 putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon 809:869 In this work putative orthologs in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon were tested for their ability to complement Arabidopsis mutants. 29636002 14 0 theme ss1 2321:2323 arg1 rice 2341:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 11 1 from content 1658:1664 arg1 /ss3a 1689:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1675:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1675:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 10 2 theme SS 1377:1378 arg1 activity 1380:1387 soluble SS activity 1369:1387 soluble SS activity 1369:1387 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 10 3 theme amylose 1561:1567 arg1 synthesis 1569:1577 amylose synthesis 1561:1577 amylose synthesis 1561:1577 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 12 4 theme /ss2a 1789:1793 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 10 5 theme L 1404:1404 arg1 /ss3a 1406:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 7 6 theme L 1069:1069 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 6 theme L 1069:1069 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 11 7 theme /ss2a 1681:1685 arg1 /ss3a 1689:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1675:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1675:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 11 8 from increase 1629:1636 arg1 content 1658:1664 apparent amylose content 1641:1664 apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1641:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 11 8 from increase 1629:1636 arg1 % 1669:1669 34% 1667:1669 34% 1667:1669 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 8 9 theme /ss2a 1164:1168 arg1 /ss3a 1172:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 10 10 theme L 1396:1396 arg1 /ss3a 1406:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 7 11 theme L 1061:1061 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 11 theme L 1061:1061 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 12 12 theme proteins 1771:1778 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 Gel filtration chromatography 1726:1754 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1726:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 14 13 theme SS 2278:2279 arg1 isozymes 2281:2288 major SS isozymes 2272:2288 major SS isozymes 2272:2288 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 8 14 theme /ss3a 1172:1176 arg1 activity 1146:1153 The SS activity 1139:1153 The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1139:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 14 theme /ss3a 1172:1176 arg1 % 1188:1188 25%-30% 1182:1188 25%-30% that of the wild-type 1182:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 14 theme /ss3a 1172:1176 arg1 wild-type 1202:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 10 15 theme increased 1424:1432 arg1 levels 1434:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 11 16 theme apparent 1641:1648 arg1 content 1658:1664 apparent amylose content 1641:1664 apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1641:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 11 16 theme apparent 1641:1648 arg1 % 1669:1669 34% 1667:1669 34% 1667:1669 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 2 17 theme starch 318:323 arg1 properties 288:297 properties 288:297 properties 288:297 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 2 17 theme starch 318:323 arg1 composition 303:313 composition 303:313 composition 303:313 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 1 18 theme cereal 191:196 arg1 grains 198:203 cereal grains 191:203 cereal grains 191:203 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 12 19 theme ss1 1783:1785 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 14 20 theme complexes 2457:2465 arg1 assembly 2437:2444 the assembly 2433:2444 the assembly of protein complexes 2433:2465 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 7 21 theme rice 1045:1048 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 21 theme rice 1045:1048 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 11 22 theme L 1687:1687 arg1 /ss3a 1689:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1675:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1675:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 10 23 theme granule-bound 1478:1490 arg1 synthase 1499:1506 granule-bound starch synthase I 1478:1508 granule-bound starch synthase I 1478:1508 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 10 24 theme pyrophosphorylase 1456:1472 arg1 levels 1434:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 7 25 theme developing 1027:1036 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 25 theme developing 1027:1036 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 0 26 theme biosynthetic 19:30 arg1 complexes 40:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 8 27 theme ss1 1158:1160 arg1 /ss3a 1172:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 4 28 theme SSIIIa 658:663 arg1 activity 665:672 SSIIIa activity 658:672 SSIIIa activity 658:672 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 15 29 from amylose 2629:2635 arg1 starch 2640:2645 starch 2640:2645 starch 2640:2645 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 9 30 theme starch 1334:1339 arg1 synthesis 1341:1349 considerable starch synthesis 1321:1349 considerable starch synthesis 1321:1349 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 6 31 theme complexes 884:892 arg1 formation 863:871 the formation 859:871 the formation of protein complexes 859:892 However, the relationship between starch properties and the formation of protein complexes remain largely unknown. 29636002 6 31 theme complexes 884:892 arg1 relationship 816:827 the relationship 812:827 the relationship between starch properties 812:853 However, the relationship between starch properties and the formation of protein complexes remain largely unknown. 29636002 12 32 theme similar 1878:1884 arg1 patterns 1894:1901 the similar elution patterns 1874:1901 the similar elution patterns as wild-type 1874:1914 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 7 33 theme formation 997:1005 arg1 properties 956:965 properties 956:965 properties of starch and protein complex formation 956:1005 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 15 34 theme L 2535:2535 arg1 /ss3a 2537:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 1 35 theme branched 262:269 arg1 amylopectin 271:281 highly branched amylopectin 255:281 highly branched amylopectin 255:281 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 7 36 theme SS 1103:1104 arg1 activities 1106:1115 all three major SS activities 1087:1115 all three major SS activities 1087:1115 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 4 37 theme SSI 651:653 arg1 presence 631:638 presence 631:638 presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity 631:672 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 0 38 theme developing 77:86 arg1 seeds 100:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 0 39 from Analyses 0:7 arg1 seeds 100:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 12 40 theme 200-300 kDa 2022:2032 arg1 SSIIa 1999:2003 SSIIa 1999:2003 SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa 1999:2032 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 0 41 theme rice 95:98 arg1 seeds 100:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 0 42 theme complexes 40:48 arg1 Analyses 0:7 Analyses 0:7 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 0:145 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 3 43 theme Starch 383:388 arg1 SS 400:401 SS 400:401 SS 400:401 Starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and SSIIIa play central roles in amylopectin biosynthesis. 29636002 3 43 theme Starch 383:388 arg1 synthase 390:397 Starch synthase 383:397 Starch synthase (SS) I 383:404 Starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and SSIIIa play central roles in amylopectin biosynthesis. 29636002 2 44 dep use 339:341 arg1 the 335:337 the 335:337 the 335:337 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 10 45 theme starch 1492:1497 arg1 synthase 1499:1506 granule-bound starch synthase I 1478:1508 granule-bound starch synthase I 1478:1508 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 4 46 theme fertile 703:709 arg1 seeds 711:715 fertile seeds 703:715 fertile seeds 703:715 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 3 47 theme central 430:436 arg1 roles 438:442 central roles 430:442 central roles 430:442 Starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and SSIIIa play central roles in amylopectin biosynthesis. 29636002 0 48 theme starch 12:17 arg1 complexes 40:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 4 49 theme complete 530:537 arg1 loss 539:542 complete loss 530:542 complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice 530:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 0 50 theme protein 32:38 arg1 complexes 40:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 9 51 theme ss1 1242:1244 arg1 /ss3a 1256:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 15 52 theme L 2527:2527 arg1 /ss3a 2537:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 12 53 from proteins 1771:1778 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 10 54 theme soluble 1369:1375 arg1 activity 1380:1387 soluble SS activity 1369:1387 soluble SS activity 1369:1387 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 0 55 theme properties 61:70 arg1 Analyses 0:7 Analyses 0:7 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 0:145 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 14 56 theme L 2325:2325 arg1 rice 2341:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 11 57 theme ss1 1675:1677 arg1 /ss3a 1689:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1675:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1675:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 9 58 theme /ss2a 1248:1252 arg1 /ss3a 1256:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 14 59 theme active 2347:2352 arg1 complexes 2362:2370 active protein complexes 2347:2370 active protein complexes 2347:2370 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 4 60 theme seed 509:512 arg1 development 514:524 seed development 509:524 seed development 509:524 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 0 61 with Analyses 0:7 arg1 activities 135:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 10 62 theme substrate 1537:1545 arg1 synthesis 1547:1555 substrate synthesis 1537:1555 substrate synthesis 1537:1555 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 9 63 theme /ss3a 1256:1260 arg1 weight 1232:1237 the grain weight 1222:1237 the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1222:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 63 theme /ss3a 1256:1260 arg1 % 1268:1268 89% 1266:1268 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis 1266:1349 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 63 theme /ss3a 1256:1260 arg1 wild-type 1277:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 12 64 from chromatography 1741:1754 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 5 65 theme protein 774:780 arg1 complexes 782:790 protein complexes 774:790 protein complexes 774:790 SSs, branching enzymes, and/or debranching enzymes form protein complexes in cereal. 29636002 14 66 theme SS 2497:2498 arg1 isozymes 2500:2507 the SS isozymes 2493:2507 the SS isozymes 2493:2507 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 4 67 theme SSIIIa 560:565 arg1 loss 539:542 complete loss 530:542 complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice 530:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 10 68 theme ss1 1392:1394 arg1 /ss3a 1406:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 12 69 theme SSI 1966:1968 arg1 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 69 theme SSI 1966:1968 arg1 amounts 1933:1939 the amounts 1929:1939 the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) 1929:1980 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 69 theme SSI 1966:1968 arg1 SSI 1966:1968 high-molecular-weight SSI 1944:1968 high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) 1944:1980 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 1 70 theme linear 236:241 arg1 amylose 243:249 essentially linear amylose 224:249 essentially linear amylose 224:249 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 6 71 theme protein 876:882 arg1 complexes 884:892 protein complexes 876:892 protein complexes 876:892 However, the relationship between starch properties and the formation of protein complexes remain largely unknown. 29636002 8 72 dep % 1188:1188 arg1 that 1190:1193 that 1190:1193 that 1190:1193 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 12 73 theme starch 1835:1840 arg1 enzymes 1855:1861 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 1831:1861 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 1831:1861 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 4 74 theme reduced 573:579 arg1 activity 587:594 reduced SSIIa activity 573:594 reduced SSIIa activity in rice 573:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 10 75 theme activity 1380:1387 arg1 reduction 1356:1364 The reduction 1352:1364 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1352:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 2 76 theme grains 356:361 arg1 value 347:351 value 347:351 value 347:351 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 2 76 theme grains 356:361 arg1 use 339:341 use 339:341 use 339:341 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 15 77 theme ss1 2523:2525 arg1 /ss3a 2537:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 7 78 theme /ss2a 1063:1067 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 78 theme /ss2a 1063:1067 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 9 79 theme wild-type 1277:1285 arg1 weight 1232:1237 the grain weight 1222:1237 the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1222:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 79 theme wild-type 1277:1285 arg1 % 1268:1268 89% 1266:1268 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis 1266:1349 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 79 theme wild-type 1277:1285 arg1 wild-type 1277:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 79 theme wild-type 1277:1285 arg1 % 1290:1290 55% 1288:1290 55% 1288:1290 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 12 80 theme L 1787:1787 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 81 from /ss3a 1797:1801 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 Gel filtration chromatography 1726:1754 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1726:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 82 theme biosynthetic 1842:1853 arg1 enzymes 1855:1861 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 1831:1861 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 1831:1861 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 4 83 theme SSI 552:554 arg1 loss 539:542 complete loss 530:542 complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice 530:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 10 84 theme /ss2a 1398:1402 arg1 /ss3a 1406:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 7 85 theme ss1 1057:1059 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 85 theme ss1 1057:1059 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 1 86 theme major 172:176 arg1 Starch 158:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 1 86 theme major 172:176 arg1 component 178:186 the major component 168:186 the major component of cereal grains 168:203 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 12 87 theme L 1795:1795 arg1 /ss3a 1797:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1783:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 6 88 theme starch 837:842 arg1 properties 844:853 starch properties 837:853 starch properties 837:853 However, the relationship between starch properties and the formation of protein complexes remain largely unknown. 29636002 8 89 theme L 1162:1162 arg1 /ss3a 1172:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 12 90 theme soluble 1763:1769 arg1 proteins 1771:1778 the soluble proteins 1759:1778 the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1759:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 8 91 theme L 1170:1170 arg1 /ss3a 1172:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1158:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 11 92 theme amylose 1650:1656 arg1 content 1658:1664 apparent amylose content 1641:1664 apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1641:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 11 92 theme amylose 1650:1656 arg1 % 1669:1669 34% 1667:1669 34% 1667:1669 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 0 93 theme synthase 126:133 arg1 activities 135:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 1 94 theme grains 198:203 arg1 Starch 158:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 1 94 theme grains 198:203 arg1 component 178:186 the major component 168:186 the major component of cereal grains 168:203 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 14 95 theme protein 2449:2455 arg1 complexes 2457:2465 protein complexes 2449:2465 protein complexes 2449:2465 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 4 96 theme minimal 643:649 arg1 SSI 651:653 minimal SSI 643:653 minimal SSI 643:653 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 12 97 theme elution 1886:1892 arg1 patterns 1894:1901 the similar elution patterns 1874:1901 the similar elution patterns as wild-type 1874:1914 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 4 98 from activity 587:594 arg1 rice 599:602 rice 599:602 rice 599:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 13 99 theme Immuno-precipitation 2107:2126 arg1 analyses 2128:2135 Immuno-precipitation analyses 2107:2135 Immuno-precipitation analyses 2107:2135 Immuno-precipitation analyses suggested that the interaction between the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type. 29636002 8 100 theme SS 1143:1144 arg1 activity 1146:1153 The SS activity 1139:1153 The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1139:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 100 theme SS 1143:1144 arg1 % 1188:1188 25%-30% 1182:1188 25%-30% that of the wild-type 1182:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 100 theme SS 1143:1144 arg1 wild-type 1202:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 101 theme % 1184:1184 arg1 activity 1146:1153 The SS activity 1139:1153 The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1139:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 101 theme % 1184:1184 arg1 % 1188:1188 25%-30% 1182:1188 25%-30% that of the wild-type 1182:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 101 theme % 1184:1184 arg1 wild-type 1202:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 10 102 theme ADP-glucose 1444:1454 arg1 pyrophosphorylase 1456:1472 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 1444:1472 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 1444:1472 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 15 103 theme more 2624:2627 arg1 amylose 2629:2635 more amylose 2624:2635 more amylose in starch 2624:2645 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 7 104 theme protein 981:987 arg1 formation 997:1005 protein complex formation 981:1005 protein complex formation 981:1005 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 9 105 theme considerable 1321:1332 arg1 synthesis 1341:1349 considerable starch synthesis 1321:1349 considerable starch synthesis 1321:1349 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 4 106 theme SS 485:486 arg1 isozymes 488:495 These three SS isozymes 473:495 These three SS isozymes 473:495 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 7 107 theme mutant 1038:1043 arg1 seeds 1050:1054 developing mutant rice seeds 1027:1054 developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced 1027:1128 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 107 theme mutant 1038:1043 arg1 /ss3a 1071:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1057:1075 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 12 108 theme enzymes 1855:1861 arg1 majority 1819:1826 the majority 1815:1826 the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes 1815:1861 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 7 109 theme complex 989:995 arg1 formation 997:1005 protein complex formation 981:1005 protein complex formation 981:1005 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 7 110 theme starch 970:975 arg1 properties 956:965 properties 956:965 properties of starch and protein complex formation 956:1005 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 0 111 from seeds 100:104 arg1 complexes 40:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 starch biosynthetic protein complexes 12:48 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 0 111 from seeds 100:104 arg1 Analyses 0:7 Analyses 0:7 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 0:145 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 0 111 from seeds 100:104 arg1 properties 61:70 starch properties 54:70 starch properties 54:70 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 4 112 theme activity 665:672 arg1 presence 631:638 presence 631:638 presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity 631:672 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 1 113 theme BACKGROUND 147:156 arg1 Starch 158:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch 147:163 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 1 113 theme BACKGROUND 147:156 arg1 component 178:186 the major component 168:186 the major component of cereal grains 168:203 BACKGROUND Starch is the major component of cereal grains and is composed of essentially linear amylose and highly branched amylopectin. 29636002 14 114 theme altered 2400:2406 arg1 pattern 2408:2414 a slightly altered pattern 2389:2414 a slightly altered pattern 2389:2414 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 8 115 theme wild-type 1202:1210 arg1 activity 1146:1153 The SS activity 1139:1153 The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1139:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 115 theme wild-type 1202:1210 arg1 % 1188:1188 25%-30% 1182:1188 25%-30% that of the wild-type 1182:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 115 theme wild-type 1202:1210 arg1 wild-type 1202:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 0 116 theme mutant 88:93 arg1 seeds 100:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 developing mutant rice seeds 77:104 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 10 117 from reduction 1356:1364 arg1 /ss3a 1406:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1392:1410 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 0 118 theme starch 119:124 arg1 activities 135:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 14 119 theme L 2333:2333 arg1 rice 2341:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 2 120 dep properties 288:297 arg1 The 284:286 The 284:286 The 284:286 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 12 121 theme Gel 1726:1728 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 Gel filtration chromatography 1726:1754 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1726:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 0 122 theme minimal 111:117 arg1 activities 135:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 minimal starch synthase activities 111:144 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 10 123 theme synthase 1499:1506 arg1 levels 1434:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 increased levels 1424:1439 The reduction of soluble SS activity in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a resulted in increased levels of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and granule-bound starch synthase I, which are responsible for substrate synthesis and amylose synthesis, respectively. 29636002 5 124 theme debranching 749:759 arg1 enzymes 761:767 debranching enzymes 749:767 debranching enzymes 749:767 SSs, branching enzymes, and/or debranching enzymes form protein complexes in cereal. 29636002 13 125 theme weaker 2225:2230 arg1 enzymes 2200:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 2176:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type 2176:2248 Immuno-precipitation analyses suggested that the interaction between the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type. 29636002 3 126 theme synthase 390:397 arg1 I 404:404 Starch synthase (SS) I 383:404 Starch synthase (SS) I 383:404 Starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and SSIIIa play central roles in amylopectin biosynthesis. 29636002 2 127 theme products 373:380 arg1 value 347:351 value 347:351 value 347:351 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 2 127 theme products 373:380 arg1 use 339:341 use 339:341 use 339:341 The properties and composition of starch determine the use and value of grains and their products. 29636002 7 128 theme major 1097:1101 arg1 activities 1106:1115 all three major SS activities 1087:1115 all three major SS activities 1087:1115 To better understand this phenomenon, properties of starch and protein complex formation were analyzed using developing mutant rice seeds (ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a) in which all three major SS activities were reduced. 29636002 9 129 theme grain 1226:1230 arg1 weight 1232:1237 the grain weight 1222:1237 the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1222:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 129 theme grain 1226:1230 arg1 % 1268:1268 89% 1266:1268 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis 1266:1349 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 9 129 theme grain 1226:1230 arg1 wild-type 1277:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 the wild-type 1273:1285 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 12 130 dep maintained 1863:1872 arg1 reduced 1987:1993 reduced 1987:1993 were reduced 1982:1993 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 130 dep maintained 1863:1872 arg1 present 2039:2045 present 2039:2045 present 2039:2045 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 5 131 theme branching 723:731 arg1 enzymes 733:739 branching enzymes 723:739 branching enzymes 723:739 SSs, branching enzymes, and/or debranching enzymes form protein complexes in cereal. 29636002 14 132 theme protein 2354:2360 arg1 complexes 2362:2370 active protein complexes 2347:2370 active protein complexes 2347:2370 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 12 133 theme filtration 1730:1739 arg1 chromatography 1741:1754 Gel filtration chromatography 1726:1754 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1726:1801 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 14 134 theme major 2272:2276 arg1 isozymes 2281:2288 major SS isozymes 2272:2288 major SS isozymes 2272:2288 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 15 135 theme /ss2a 2529:2533 arg1 /ss3a 2537:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 2523:2541 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 0 136 theme starch 54:59 arg1 properties 61:70 starch properties 54:70 starch properties 54:70 Analyses of starch biosynthetic protein complexes and starch properties from developing mutant rice seeds with minimal starch synthase activities. 29636002 9 137 theme L 1246:1246 arg1 /ss3a 1256:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 13 138 theme biosynthetic 2187:2198 arg1 enzymes 2200:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 2176:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type 2176:2248 Immuno-precipitation analyses suggested that the interaction between the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type. 29636002 13 139 theme reduced 2214:2220 arg1 enzymes 2200:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 2176:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type 2176:2248 Immuno-precipitation analyses suggested that the interaction between the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type. 29636002 8 140 dep RESULTS 1131:1137 arg1 activity 1146:1153 The SS activity 1139:1153 The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1139:1176 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 140 dep RESULTS 1131:1137 arg1 % 1188:1188 25%-30% 1182:1188 25%-30% that of the wild-type 1182:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 8 140 dep RESULTS 1131:1137 arg1 wild-type 1202:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 the wild-type 1198:1210 RESULTS The SS activity of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 25%-30% that of the wild-type. 29636002 11 141 theme L 1679:1679 arg1 /ss3a 1689:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1675:1693 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%) 1675:1723 Together, these features led to an increase in apparent amylose content (34%) in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a compared with wild-type (20%). 29636002 9 142 theme L 1254:1254 arg1 /ss3a 1256:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a 1242:1260 However, the grain weight of ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a was 89% of the wild-type, 55% of which was starch, showing considerable starch synthesis. 29636002 14 143 theme /ss3a 2335:2339 arg1 rice 2341:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 15 144 from amylopectin 2608:2618 arg1 starch 2640:2645 starch 2640:2645 starch 2640:2645 In addition, ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a maintained the ability to synthesize starch and accumulated less amylopectin and more amylose in starch. 29636002 3 145 theme amylopectin 447:457 arg1 biosynthesis 459:470 amylopectin biosynthesis 447:470 amylopectin biosynthesis 447:470 Starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and SSIIIa play central roles in amylopectin biosynthesis. 29636002 14 146 theme /ss2a 2327:2331 arg1 rice 2341:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice 2321:2344 CONCLUSIONS Although major SS isozymes were simultaneously reduced in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a rice, active protein complexes were formed with a slightly altered pattern, suggesting that the assembly of protein complexes may be complemented among the SS isozymes. 29636002 13 147 theme starch 2180:2185 arg1 enzymes 2200:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes 2176:2206 the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type 2176:2248 Immuno-precipitation analyses suggested that the interaction between the starch biosynthetic enzymes maybe reduced or weaker than in wild-type. 29636002 4 148 theme SSIIa 581:585 arg1 activity 587:594 reduced SSIIa activity 573:594 reduced SSIIa activity in rice 573:602 These three SS isozymes also affect seed development, as complete loss of both SSI and SSIIIa under reduced SSIIa activity in rice lead to sterility, whereas presence of minimal SSI or SSIIIa activity is sufficient for generating fertile seeds. 29636002 12 149 theme high-molecular-weight 1944:1964 arg1 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 > 300 kDa 1971:1979 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 29636002 12 149 theme high-molecular-weight 1944:1964 arg1 SSI 1966:1968 high-molecular-weight SSI 1944:1968 high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) 1944:1980 Gel filtration chromatography of the soluble proteins in ss1 L /ss2a L /ss3a showed that the majority of the starch biosynthetic enzymes maintained the similar elution patterns as wild-type, except that the amounts of high-molecular-weight SSI (> 300 kDa) were reduced and SSIIa of approximately 200-300 kDa were present instead of those > 440 kDa, which predominate in wild-type. 32228991 5 0 theme functional 1120:1129 arg1 theory 1131:1136 Density functional theory 1112:1136 Density functional theory 1112:1136 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 9 1 theme due 1890:1892 arg1 cells 1884:1888 the HeLa cells 1875:1888 the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment 1875:1918 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 3 2 theme functionalized 698:711 arg1 IONPs 713:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 4 3 theme pH-responsive 896:908 arg1 behavior 910:917 pH-responsive behavior 896:917 pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures) 896:1103 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 10 4 theme drug 2079:2082 arg1 applications 2093:2104 drug delivery applications 2079:2104 drug delivery applications 2079:2104 These results might open a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. 32228991 3 5 theme adsorption 739:748 arg1 data 750:753 the isotherm adsorption data 726:753 the isotherm adsorption data 726:753 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 5 6 from molecules 1252:1260 arg1 nanocarriers 1279:1290 the developed nanocarriers 1265:1290 the developed nanocarriers 1265:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 3 7 theme citric 575:580 arg1 acid 582:585 citric acid 575:585 citric acid 575:585 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 7 8 theme interactions 1634:1645 arg1 formation 1588:1596 formation 1588:1596 formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions 1588:1645 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 4 9 theme drug 960:963 arg1 model 965:969 drug model 960:969 drug model 960:969 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 3 10 theme isotherm 791:798 arg1 model 800:804 the Langmuir isotherm model 778:804 the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7) 778:847 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 3 11 theme negligible 615:624 arg1 effect 626:631 negligible effect 615:631 negligible effect 615:631 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 8 12 theme cancereous 1765:1774 arg1 cells 1781:1785 both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells 1741:1785 cells 1781:1785 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 6 13 dep quercetin 1335:1343 arg1 1 1332:1332 1 1332:1332 1 1332:1332 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 6 13 dep quercetin 1335:1343 arg1 quercetin 1388:1396 quercetin 1388:1396 quercetin 1388:1396 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 6 13 dep quercetin 1335:1343 arg1 quercetin 1448:1456 quercetin 1448:1456 quercetin 1448:1456 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 6 13 dep quercetin 1335:1343 arg1 ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol 1362:1382 ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol 1362:1382 ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol 1362:1382 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 6 13 dep quercetin 1335:1343 arg1 ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol 1500:1520 ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol 1500:1520 : 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol 1330:1520 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 7 14 theme der 1624:1626 arg1 interactions 1634:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 9 15 dep viability 1797:1805 arg1 results 1807:1813 results 1807:1813 The cell viability results 1788:1813 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 1 16 from molecules 230:238 arg1 nanocarrier 247:257 the nanocarrier 243:257 the nanocarrier 243:257 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 3 17 theme adsorption 640:649 arg1 efficiency 651:660 the adsorption efficiency 636:660 the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 636:717 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 3 17 theme adsorption 640:649 arg1 % 665:665 <5% 663:665 <5% 663:665 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 7 18 theme hydrogen 1601:1608 arg1 bonds 1610:1614 hydrogen bonds 1601:1614 hydrogen bonds 1601:1614 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 2 19 theme acid/α-cyclodextrin 508:526 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 19 theme acid/α-cyclodextrin 508:526 arg1 composite 528:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 9 20 theme cells 1985:1989 arg1 viability 1964:1972 the viability 1960:1972 the viability of NIH-3T3 cells 1960:1989 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 5 21 theme developed 1269:1277 arg1 nanocarriers 1279:1290 the developed nanocarriers 1265:1290 the developed nanocarriers 1265:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 0 22 theme experimental 113:124 arg1 study 134:138 An experimental and DFT study 110:138 study 134:138 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a nanocarrier for quercetin: An experimental and DFT study. 32228991 9 23 theme cell 1792:1795 arg1 viability 1797:1805 The cell viability results 1788:1813 The cell viability results 1788:1813 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 4 24 from temperatures 1091:1102 arg1 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 0 25 theme DFT 130:132 arg1 study 134:138 An experimental and DFT study 110:138 study 134:138 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a nanocarrier for quercetin: An experimental and DFT study. 32228991 5 26 theme Density 1112:1118 arg1 theory 1131:1136 Density functional theory 1112:1136 Density functional theory 1112:1136 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 2 27 theme oxide 391:395 arg1 nanoparticles 397:409 iron oxide nanoparticles 386:409 iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 386:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 27 theme oxide 391:395 arg1 IONPs 412:416 IONPs 412:416 IONPs 412:416 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 28 dep molecules 457:465 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 28 dep molecules 457:465 arg1 acid 475:478 citric acid 468:478 citric acid 468:478 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 28 dep molecules 457:465 arg1 composite 528:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 28 dep molecules 457:465 arg1 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 29 theme organic 449:455 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 29 theme organic 449:455 arg1 acid 475:478 citric acid 468:478 citric acid 468:478 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 29 theme organic 449:455 arg1 composite 528:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 29 theme organic 449:455 arg1 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 0 30 theme citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized 16:56 arg1 Fe3O4 58:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 0:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 0:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a nanocarrier for quercetin: An experimental and DFT study. 32228991 6 31 dep quercetin 1388:1396 arg1 2 1385:1385 2 1385:1385 2 1385:1385 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 6 31 dep quercetin 1388:1396 arg1 ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol 1418:1438 ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol 1418:1438 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol 1385:1438 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 4 32 theme release 1024:1030 arg1 profile 1032:1038 the release profile 1020:1038 the release profile 1020:1038 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 6 33 dep quercetin 1448:1456 arg1 3 1445:1445 3 1445:1445 3 1445:1445 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 2 34 theme citric 501:506 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 34 theme citric 501:506 arg1 composite 528:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 5 35 theme absolute 1167:1174 arg1 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 5 35 theme absolute 1167:1174 arg1 energies 1184:1191 the absolute binding energies 1163:1191 the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1163:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 3 36 theme acid/α-cyclodextrin 678:696 arg1 IONPs 713:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 5 37 theme quercetin 1222:1230 arg1 complexation 1206:1217 the complexation 1202:1217 the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1202:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 10 38 theme stimuli-responsive 2043:2060 arg1 nanocarriers 2062:2073 stimuli-responsive nanocarriers 2043:2073 stimuli-responsive nanocarriers 2043:2073 These results might open a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. 32228991 6 39 theme acid/α-cyclodextrin 1469:1487 arg1 composite 1489:1497 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 1462:1497 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 1462:1497 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 5 40 theme different 1237:1245 arg1 molecules 1252:1260 different host molecules 1237:1260 different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1237:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 6 41 theme calculated 1297:1306 arg1 energies 1308:1315 The calculated energies 1293:1315 The calculated energies 1293:1315 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 4 42 theme developed 867:875 arg1 nanocarrier 877:887 the developed nanocarrier 863:887 the developed nanocarrier 863:887 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 10 43 theme delivery 2084:2091 arg1 applications 2093:2104 drug delivery applications 2079:2104 drug delivery applications 2079:2104 These results might open a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. 32228991 3 44 theme IONPs 713:717 arg1 efficiency 651:660 the adsorption efficiency 636:660 the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 636:717 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 3 44 theme IONPs 713:717 arg1 % 665:665 <5% 663:665 <5% 663:665 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 8 45 theme nanocarriers 1694:1705 arg1 cytotoxicity 1661:1672 the cytotoxicity 1657:1672 the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers 1657:1705 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 5 46 theme complexation 1206:1217 arg1 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 5 46 theme complexation 1206:1217 arg1 energies 1184:1191 the absolute binding energies 1163:1191 the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1163:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 9 47 theme acidic 1901:1906 arg1 environment 1908:1918 the acidic environment 1897:1918 the acidic environment 1897:1918 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 3 48 contain had 611:613 arg1 incorporation 558:570 incorporation 558:570 incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin 558:609 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 3 48 contain had 611:613 arg2 effect 626:631 negligible effect 615:631 negligible effect 615:631 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 3 49 theme isotherm 730:737 arg1 data 750:753 the isotherm adsorption data 726:753 the isotherm adsorption data 726:753 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 4 50 dep diffusion 1053:1061 arg1 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 3 51 theme acid 582:585 arg1 incorporation 558:570 incorporation 558:570 incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin 558:609 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 8 52 theme MTT 1727:1729 arg1 assay 1731:1735 MTT assay 1727:1735 MTT assay 1727:1735 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 1 53 theme drug 216:219 arg1 molecules 230:238 the drug and host molecules 212:238 molecules 230:238 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 1 54 theme host 225:228 arg1 molecules 230:238 the drug and host molecules 212:238 molecules 230:238 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 7 55 theme Waals 1628:1632 arg1 interactions 1634:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 4 56 theme quercetin 937:945 arg1 molecules 947:955 the quercetin molecules 933:955 the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures) 933:1103 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 9 57 theme minimum 1942:1948 arg1 effect 1950:1955 minimum effect 1942:1955 minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells 1942:1989 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 8 58 theme normal 1746:1751 arg1 NIH-3T3 1753:1759 both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells 1741:1785 NIH-3T3 1753:1759 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 7 59 theme van 1620:1622 arg1 interactions 1634:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 van der Waals interactions 1620:1645 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 9 60 from effect 1950:1955 arg1 viability 1964:1972 the viability 1960:1972 the viability of NIH-3T3 cells 1960:1989 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 7 61 theme bonds 1610:1614 arg1 formation 1588:1596 formation 1588:1596 formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions 1588:1645 It was found that quercetin tends to interact with all hosts via formation of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. 32228991 3 62 theme Langmuir 782:789 arg1 model 800:804 the Langmuir isotherm model 778:804 the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7) 778:847 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 8 63 theme HeLa 1776:1779 arg1 cells 1781:1785 both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells 1741:1785 cells 1781:1785 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 1 64 theme new 152:154 arg1 nanocarriers 156:167 new nanocarriers 152:167 new nanocarriers 152:167 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 9 65 theme NIH-3T3 1977:1983 arg1 cells 1985:1989 NIH-3T3 cells 1977:1989 NIH-3T3 cells 1977:1989 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 4 66 from pH 1084:1085 arg1 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 n < 0.45 1064:1071 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 4 67 theme Korsmeyer-Peppas 982:997 arg1 model 999:1003 the Korsmeyer-Peppas model 978:1003 the Korsmeyer-Peppas model 978:1003 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 10 68 theme new 2019:2021 arg1 window 2023:2028 a new window 2017:2028 a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications 2017:2104 These results might open a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. 32228991 6 69 theme citric 1349:1354 arg1 acid 1356:1359 citric acid 1349:1359 citric acid 1349:1359 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 2 70 theme nanoparticles 397:409 arg1 series 376:381 a series 374:381 a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 374:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 0 71 theme pH-responsive 2:14 arg1 Fe3O4 58:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 0:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 0:62 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a nanocarrier for quercetin: An experimental and DFT study. 32228991 3 72 dep model 800:804 arg1 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 4 73 theme Fickian 1045:1051 arg1 diffusion 1053:1061 Fickian diffusion 1045:1061 Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures) 1045:1103 In addition, the developed nanocarrier showed pH-responsive behavior for releasing the quercetin molecules as drug model, where the Korsmeyer-Peppas model could describe the release profile with Fickian diffusion (n < 0.45 for at all pH and temperatures). 32228991 2 74 theme iron 386:389 arg1 nanoparticles 397:409 iron oxide nanoparticles 386:409 iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 386:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 74 theme iron 386:389 arg1 IONPs 412:416 IONPs 412:416 IONPs 412:416 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 75 theme different 439:447 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 75 theme different 439:447 arg1 acid 475:478 citric acid 468:478 citric acid 468:478 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 75 theme different 439:447 arg1 composite 528:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 501:536 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 75 theme different 439:447 arg1 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 α-cyclodextrin 481:494 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 3 76 from pH = 7 841:846 arg1 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 1 77 theme nanomedicine 313:324 arg1 future 303:308 future 303:308 future 303:308 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 0 78 dep nanocarrier 83:93 arg1 study 134:138 An experimental and DFT study 110:138 study 134:138 A pH-responsive citric-acid/α-cyclodextrin-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a nanocarrier for quercetin: An experimental and DFT study. 32228991 5 79 with complexation 1206:1217 arg1 molecules 1252:1260 different host molecules 1237:1260 different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1237:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 2 80 theme citric 468:473 arg1 molecules 457:465 different organic molecules 439:465 different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite) 439:537 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 2 80 theme citric 468:473 arg1 acid 475:478 citric acid 468:478 citric acid 468:478 In this work, we synthesized and characterized a series of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) functionalized with different organic molecules (citric acid, α-cyclodextrin, and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite). 32228991 3 81 theme citric 671:676 arg1 IONPs 713:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs 671:717 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 5 82 theme binding 1176:1182 arg1 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 ΔEb 1194:1196 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 5 82 theme binding 1176:1182 arg1 energies 1184:1191 the absolute binding energies 1163:1191 the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1163:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 32228991 10 83 theme nanocarriers 2062:2073 arg1 design 2033:2038 design 2033:2038 design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers 2033:2073 These results might open a new window to design of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery applications. 32228991 3 84 from T = 25 °C 827:835 arg1 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 qmax = 2.92 mg/g 807:822 It was found that incorporation of citric acid into the α-cyclodextrin had negligible effect on the adsorption efficiency (<5%) of citric acid/α-cyclodextrin functionalized IONPs, while the isotherm adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax = 2.92 mg/g at T = 25 °C and pH = 7). 32228991 6 85 theme citric 1462:1467 arg1 composite 1489:1497 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 1462:1497 citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite 1462:1497 The calculated energies are as follow: 1) quercetin and citric acid: ΔEb = -16.58 kcal/mol, 2) quercetin and α-cyclodextrin: ΔEb = -46.98 kcal/mol, and 3) quercetin and citric acid/α-cyclodextrin composite: ΔEb = -40.15 kcal/mol. 32228991 9 86 theme HeLa 1879:1882 arg1 cells 1884:1888 the HeLa cells 1875:1888 the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment 1875:1918 The cell viability results showed that the quercetin could be delivered effectively to the HeLa cells due to the acidic environment inside the cells with minimum effect on the viability of NIH-3T3 cells. 32228991 1 87 theme molecular 266:274 arg1 level 276:280 the molecular level 262:280 the molecular level 262:280 Developing new nanocarriers and understanding the interactions between the drug and host molecules in the nanocarrier at the molecular level is of importance for future of nanomedicine. 32228991 8 88 theme as-developed 1681:1692 arg1 nanocarriers 1694:1705 the as-developed nanocarriers 1677:1705 the as-developed nanocarriers 1677:1705 Finally, the cytotoxicity of the as-developed nanocarriers was evaluated using MTT assay and both normal NIH-3T3 and cancereous HeLa cells. 32228991 5 89 theme host 1247:1250 arg1 molecules 1252:1260 different host molecules 1237:1260 different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers 1237:1290 Then, Density functional theory was applied to calculate the absolute binding energies (ΔEb) of the complexation of quercetin with different host molecules in the developed nanocarriers. 29943465 0 0 theme sucrose 75:81 arg1 esters 83:88 sucrose esters 75:88 sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation 75:134 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 7 1 theme faster 1162:1167 arg1 release 1174:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 2 theme mean 1093:1096 arg1 size 1107:1110 mean particle size 1093:1110 mean particle size of ~200 nm 1093:1121 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 8 3 theme oxygen 1360:1365 arg1 generation 1367:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 7 4 theme particle 1098:1105 arg1 size 1107:1110 mean particle size 1093:1110 mean particle size of ~200 nm 1093:1121 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 5 theme drug 1169:1172 arg1 release 1174:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 8 6 theme singlet 1352:1358 arg1 generation 1367:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 9 7 with nanosuspension 1547:1560 arg1 esters 1575:1580 sucrose esters 1567:1580 sucrose esters as drug carrier 1567:1596 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 0 8 from Improvement 0:10 arg1 rate 27:30 dissolution rate 15:30 dissolution rate 15:30 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 0 8 from Improvement 0:10 arg1 efficacy 49:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 2 9 theme physiological 290:302 arg1 pH 304:305 the tumour physiological pH 279:305 the tumour physiological pH 279:305 Its monomers form aggregates at the tumour physiological pH, which drastically reduces its photodynamic efficacy. 29943465 8 10 theme carcinoma 1412:1420 arg1 cells 1422:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 9 11 theme photodynamic 1466:1477 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 1429:1493 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 11 theme photodynamic 1466:1477 arg1 efficacy 1479:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 4 12 used used 589:592 arg2 method 578:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 2 13 theme tumour 283:288 arg1 pH 304:305 the tumour physiological pH 279:305 the tumour physiological pH 279:305 Its monomers form aggregates at the tumour physiological pH, which drastically reduces its photodynamic efficacy. 29943465 7 14 dep FINDINGS 1051:1058 arg1 had 1089:1091 had 1089:1091 had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6 1089:1201 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 5 15 theme drug 876:879 arg1 characteristics 889:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 3 16 dep rate 405:408 arg1 the 389:391 the 389:391 the 389:391 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 7 17 contain had 1089:1091 arg2 release 1174:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 17 contain had 1089:1091 arg2 size 1107:1110 mean particle size 1093:1110 mean particle size of ~200 nm 1093:1121 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 17 contain had 1089:1091 arg2 efficiency 1147:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 17 contain had 1089:1091 arg1 nanosuspension 1074:1087 The optimised nanosuspension 1060:1087 The optimised nanosuspension 1060:1087 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 3 18 theme e6 447:448 arg1 rate 405:408 dissolution rate 393:408 dissolution rate 393:408 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 3 18 theme e6 447:448 arg1 efficacy 427:434 photodynamic efficacy 414:434 photodynamic efficacy 414:434 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 0 19 theme drug 93:96 arg1 carrier 98:104 drug carrier 93:104 drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation 93:134 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 3 20 theme photodynamic 414:425 arg1 efficacy 427:434 photodynamic efficacy 414:434 photodynamic efficacy 414:434 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 4 21 theme composite 789:797 arg1 design 799:804 central composite design 781:804 central composite design 781:804 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 5 22 theme release 881:887 arg1 characteristics 889:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 5 23 theme zeta 822:825 arg1 potential 827:835 zeta potential 822:835 zeta potential 822:835 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 7 24 theme 88 1124:1125 arg1 % 1126:1126 % 1126:1126 % 1126:1126 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 8 25 theme squamous 1403:1410 arg1 cells 1422:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 1 26 theme OBJECTIVES 181:190 arg1 drug 241:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 1 26 theme OBJECTIVES 181:190 arg1 e6 200:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 3 27 theme dissolution 393:403 arg1 rate 405:408 dissolution rate 393:408 dissolution rate 393:408 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 6 28 theme photodynamic 1014:1025 arg1 efficacy 1027:1034 its photodynamic efficacy 1010:1034 its photodynamic efficacy 1010:1034 The formulation was optimised by response surface methodology and its photodynamic efficacy evaluated. 29943465 7 29 theme % 1126:1126 arg1 efficiency 1147:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 30 theme drug 1128:1131 arg1 efficiency 1147:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 3 31 theme chlorin 439:445 arg1 e6 447:448 chlorin e6 439:448 chlorin e6 439:448 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 5 32 theme in 867:868 arg1 characteristics 889:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 8 33 theme Spectroscopic 1204:1216 arg1 studies 1218:1224 Spectroscopic studies 1204:1224 Spectroscopic studies 1204:1224 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 0 34 theme nanosuspension 109:122 arg1 formulation 124:134 nanosuspension formulation 109:134 nanosuspension formulation 109:134 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 8 35 dep in 1343:1344 arg1 vitro 1346:1350 vitro 1346:1350 vitro 1346:1350 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 8 36 theme monomeric 1252:1260 arg1 form 1262:1265 monomeric form 1252:1265 monomeric form 1252:1265 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 0 37 theme dissolution 15:25 arg1 rate 27:30 dissolution rate 15:30 dissolution rate 15:30 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 3 38 theme drug 518:521 arg1 carrier 523:529 drug carrier 518:529 drug carrier 518:529 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 4 39 dep METHODS 532:538 arg1 used 589:592 used 589:592 was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design 585:804 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 3 40 theme biodegradable 486:498 arg1 esters 508:513 biodegradable sucrose esters 486:513 biodegradable sucrose esters 486:513 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 0 41 theme photodynamic 36:47 arg1 efficacy 49:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 2 42 theme photodynamic 338:349 arg1 efficacy 351:358 its photodynamic efficacy 334:358 its photodynamic efficacy 334:358 Its monomers form aggregates at the tumour physiological pH, which drastically reduces its photodynamic efficacy. 29943465 4 43 theme monopalmitate 663:675 arg1 ratio 646:650 ratio 646:650 ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent 646:760 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 4 43 theme monopalmitate 663:675 arg1 Ce6 641:643 Ce6 641:643 Ce6 641:643 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 9 44 theme dissolution 1445:1455 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 1429:1493 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 44 theme dissolution 1445:1455 arg1 rate 1457:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 1 45 theme Chlorin 192:198 arg1 drug 241:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 1 45 theme Chlorin 192:198 arg1 e6 200:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 3 46 theme nanosuspension 453:466 arg1 formulation 468:478 nanosuspension formulation 453:478 nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier 453:529 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 5 47 theme Particle 807:814 arg1 size 816:819 Particle size 807:819 Particle size 807:819 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 4 48 theme emulsion-solvent 551:566 arg1 method 578:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 7 49 theme pure 1194:1197 arg1 Ce6 1199:1201 pure Ce6 1194:1201 pure Ce6 1194:1201 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 4 50 theme dichloromethane 724:738 arg1 ratio 715:719 ratio 715:719 ratio of dichloromethane to acetone 715:749 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 4 50 theme dichloromethane 724:738 arg1 carrier 703:709 carrier 703:709 carrier 703:709 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 7 51 theme optimised 1064:1072 arg1 nanosuspension 1074:1087 The optimised nanosuspension 1060:1087 The optimised nanosuspension 1060:1087 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 4 52 theme sucrose 655:661 arg1 monopalmitate 663:675 sucrose monopalmitate 655:675 sucrose monopalmitate 655:675 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 4 53 theme modified 542:549 arg1 method 578:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 5 54 theme encapsulation 838:850 arg1 efficiency 852:861 encapsulation efficiency 838:861 encapsulation efficiency 838:861 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 9 55 dep CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 1429:1493 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 55 dep CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 arg1 rate 1457:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 55 dep CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 arg1 efficacy 1479:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 8 56 theme oral 1398:1401 arg1 cells 1422:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 oral squamous carcinoma cells 1398:1426 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 8 57 theme cellular 1326:1333 arg1 uptake 1335:1340 cellular uptake 1326:1340 cellular uptake 1326:1340 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 7 58 theme nm 1120:1121 arg1 release 1174:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 faster drug release 1162:1180 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 58 theme nm 1120:1121 arg1 size 1107:1110 mean particle size 1093:1110 mean particle size of ~200 nm 1093:1121 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 7 58 theme nm 1120:1121 arg1 efficiency 1147:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 0 59 from carrier 98:104 arg1 formulation 124:134 nanosuspension formulation 109:134 nanosuspension formulation 109:134 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 7 60 theme encapsulation 1133:1145 arg1 efficiency 1147:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 88% drug encapsulation efficiency 1124:1156 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 9 61 dep rate 1457:1460 arg1 The 1441:1443 The 1441:1443 The 1441:1443 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 0 62 dep in 154:155 arg1 vitro 157:161 vitro 157:161 vitro 157:161 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 4 63 theme diffusion 568:576 arg1 method 578:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method 540:583 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 6 64 theme surface 986:992 arg1 methodology 994:1004 response surface methodology 977:1004 response surface methodology 977:1004 The formulation was optimised by response surface methodology and its photodynamic efficacy evaluated. 29943465 5 65 dep in 867:868 arg1 vitro 870:874 vitro 870:874 vitro 870:874 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 9 66 theme sucrose 1567:1573 arg1 esters 1575:1580 sucrose esters 1567:1580 sucrose esters as drug carrier 1567:1596 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 3 67 theme sucrose 500:506 arg1 esters 508:513 biodegradable sucrose esters 486:513 biodegradable sucrose esters 486:513 This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 1 68 theme water-soluble 215:227 arg1 drug 241:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 1 68 theme water-soluble 215:227 arg1 e6 200:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 0 69 theme in 154:155 arg1 characterisation 163:178 in vitro characterisation 154:178 in vitro characterisation 154:178 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 9 70 theme drug 1585:1588 arg1 carrier 1590:1596 drug carrier 1585:1596 drug carrier 1585:1596 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 4 71 theme central 781:787 arg1 design 799:804 central composite design 781:804 central composite design 781:804 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 8 72 from increase 1314:1321 arg1 uptake 1335:1340 cellular uptake 1326:1340 cellular uptake 1326:1340 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 8 72 from increase 1314:1321 arg1 cytotoxicity 1382:1393 cytotoxicity 1382:1393 cytotoxicity 1382:1393 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 8 72 from increase 1314:1321 arg1 generation 1367:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 8 73 theme in 1343:1344 arg1 generation 1367:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 in vitro singlet oxygen generation 1343:1376 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 1 74 theme photoactive 229:239 arg1 drug 241:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug 206:244 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 1 74 theme photoactive 229:239 arg1 e6 200:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 181:201 OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. 29943465 0 75 theme e6 69:70 arg1 rate 27:30 dissolution rate 15:30 dissolution rate 15:30 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 0 75 theme e6 69:70 arg1 efficacy 49:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 photodynamic efficacy 36:56 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 8 76 theme remarkable 1303:1312 arg1 increase 1314:1321 a remarkable increase 1301:1321 a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells 1301:1426 Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. 29943465 4 77 dep sucrose 680:686 arg1 monolaurate 688:698 monolaurate 688:698 monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent 688:760 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 7 78 theme KEY 1047:1049 arg1 FINDINGS 1051:1058 KEY FINDINGS 1047:1058 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 1047:1202 KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. 29943465 9 79 theme Ce6 1491:1493 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS 1429:1439 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 1429:1493 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 79 theme Ce6 1491:1493 arg1 rate 1457:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 dissolution rate 1445:1460 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 9 79 theme Ce6 1491:1493 arg1 efficacy 1479:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 photodynamic efficacy 1466:1486 CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier. 29943465 0 80 theme chlorin 61:67 arg1 e6 69:70 chlorin e6 61:70 chlorin e6 61:70 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 0 81 dep Improvement 0:10 arg1 characterisation 163:178 in vitro characterisation 154:178 in vitro characterisation 154:178 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 0 81 dep Improvement 0:10 arg1 optimisation 137:148 optimisation 137:148 optimisation 137:148 Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. 29943465 5 82 theme nanosuspensions 912:926 arg1 size 816:819 Particle size 807:819 Particle size 807:819 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 5 82 theme nanosuspensions 912:926 arg1 potential 827:835 zeta potential 822:835 zeta potential 822:835 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 5 82 theme nanosuspensions 912:926 arg1 efficiency 852:861 encapsulation efficiency 838:861 encapsulation efficiency 838:861 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 5 82 theme nanosuspensions 912:926 arg1 characteristics 889:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 in vitro drug release characteristics 867:903 Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. 29943465 6 83 theme response 977:984 arg1 methodology 994:1004 response surface methodology 977:1004 response surface methodology 977:1004 The formulation was optimised by response surface methodology and its photodynamic efficacy evaluated. 29943465 4 84 theme Ce6 641:643 arg1 ratio 646:650 ratio 646:650 ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent 646:760 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 4 84 theme Ce6 641:643 arg1 Ce6 641:643 Ce6 641:643 Ce6 641:643 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 29943465 4 84 theme Ce6 641:643 arg1 amount 631:636 amount 631:636 amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, 631:761 METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. 30872791 7 0 dep polysaccharide 1151:1164 arg1 glycans 1167:1173 glycans 1167:1173 glycans 1167:1173 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 7 1 from target 1329:1334 arg1 treatment 1339:1347 treatment 1339:1347 treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 1339:1374 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 2 2 theme important 360:368 arg1 role 370:373 an important role 357:373 an important role 357:373 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 7 3 theme cellulose 1183:1191 arg1 glycans 1167:1173 glycans 1167:1173 glycans 1167:1173 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 4 theme cellulose 982:990 arg1 complexes 1013:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes 982:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced 982:1097 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 7 5 theme due 1126:1128 arg1 impermeability 1110:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 3 6 theme filamentous 513:523 arg1 actin 525:529 filamentous actin 513:529 filamentous actin 513:529 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 0 7 theme cyst 110:113 arg1 architecture 120:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 7 8 theme wall 1105:1108 arg1 impermeability 1110:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 4 9 theme cyst 747:750 arg1 wall 752:755 the cyst wall 743:755 the cyst wall 743:755 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 1 10 theme Acanthamoeba 270:281 arg1 infections 283:292 Acanthamoeba infections 270:292 Acanthamoeba infections 270:292 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 0 11 theme Acanthamoeba 97:108 arg1 architecture 120:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 6 12 theme IMP 959:961 arg1 clusters 963:970 the IMP clusters 955:970 the IMP clusters 955:970 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 4 13 theme cellulose 715:723 arg1 presence 703:710 the presence 699:710 the presence of cellulose 699:723 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 1 14 theme infections 283:292 arg1 treatment 257:265 treatment 257:265 treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 257:292 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 7 15 theme Acanthamoeba 1231:1242 arg1 resistance 1252:1261 Acanthamoeba biocide resistance 1231:1261 Acanthamoeba biocide resistance 1231:1261 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 5 16 theme cytoplasmic 850:860 arg1 membrane 862:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 7 17 theme potential 1319:1327 arg1 pathway 1290:1296 cellulose biosynthesis pathway 1267:1296 cellulose biosynthesis pathway 1267:1296 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 7 17 theme potential 1319:1327 arg1 target 1329:1334 a potential target 1317:1334 a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 1317:1374 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 0 18 theme wall 115:118 arg1 architecture 120:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture 97:131 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 7 19 theme Cyst 1100:1103 arg1 impermeability 1110:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability 1100:1123 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 3 20 theme late 535:538 arg1 phases 540:545 late phases 535:545 late phases of encystment 535:559 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 2 21 theme therapeutic 390:400 arg1 strategies 402:411 new therapeutic strategies 386:411 new therapeutic strategies 386:411 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 5 22 theme intramembranous 784:798 arg1 particles 800:808 intramembranous particles 784:808 intramembranous particles (IMPs) 784:815 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 5 22 theme intramembranous 784:798 arg1 IMPs 811:814 IMPs 811:814 IMPs 811:814 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 4 23 theme Cellulose 562:570 arg1 fibrils 572:578 Cellulose fibrils 562:578 Cellulose fibrils 562:578 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 2 24 theme wall 320:323 arg1 study 306:310 the study 302:310 the study of cyst wall composition and encystment 302:350 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 6 25 theme cyst 1066:1069 arg1 completion 1076:1085 cyst wall completion 1066:1085 cyst wall completion 1066:1085 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 2 26 theme new 386:388 arg1 strategies 402:411 new therapeutic strategies 386:411 new therapeutic strategies 386:411 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 fibrils 10:16 Cellulose fibrils 0:16 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment 0:77 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 2 28 theme cyst 315:318 arg1 wall 320:323 cyst wall composition and encystment 315:350 wall 320:323 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 8 29 theme wall 1439:1442 arg1 synthesis 1421:1429 the synthesis 1417:1429 the synthesis of cyst wall 1417:1442 Disruption of this pathway would affect the synthesis of cyst wall and reduce considerably the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. 30872791 5 30 theme particles 800:808 arg1 clustering 770:779 clustering 770:779 clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) 770:815 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 5 30 theme particles 800:808 arg1 alterations 835:845 their density alterations 821:845 their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane 821:869 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 3 31 theme encystment 550:559 arg1 phases 540:545 late phases 535:545 late phases of encystment 535:559 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 8 32 theme pathway 1396:1402 arg1 Disruption 1377:1386 Disruption 1377:1386 Disruption of this pathway 1377:1402 Disruption of this pathway would affect the synthesis of cyst wall and reduce considerably the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. 30872791 1 33 theme resistant 204:212 arg1 cysts 214:218 the highly resistant cysts 193:218 the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 193:292 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 34 theme formation 944:952 arg1 phase 926:930 the phase 922:930 the phase of endocyst formation 922:952 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 8 35 theme cyst 1434:1437 arg1 wall 1439:1442 cyst wall 1434:1442 cyst wall 1434:1442 Disruption of this pathway would affect the synthesis of cyst wall and reduce considerably the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. 30872791 3 36 theme cytoskeletal 463:474 arg1 elements 476:483 cytoskeletal elements 463:483 cytoskeletal elements 463:483 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 1 37 theme Acanthamoebae 134:146 arg1 success 148:154 Acanthamoebae success 134:154 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens 134:173 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 38 theme cellulose 1035:1043 arg1 synthesis 1045:1053 cellulose synthesis 1035:1053 cellulose synthesis 1035:1053 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 6 39 theme endocyst 935:942 arg1 formation 944:952 endocyst formation 935:952 endocyst formation 935:952 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 3 40 theme high 446:449 arg1 activity 451:458 high activity 446:458 high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks 446:507 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 3 41 theme first 422:426 arg1 time 428:431 the first time 418:431 the first time 418:431 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 7 42 theme complex 1143:1149 arg1 polysaccharide 1151:1164 a complex polysaccharide 1141:1164 a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) 1141:1192 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 43 theme terminal 1004:1011 arg1 complexes 1013:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes 982:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced 982:1097 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 5 44 theme density 827:833 arg1 alterations 835:845 their density alterations 821:845 their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane 821:869 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 7 45 theme infections 1365:1374 arg1 treatment 1339:1347 treatment 1339:1347 treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 1339:1374 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 3 46 theme microtubular 487:498 arg1 networks 500:507 microtubular networks 487:507 microtubular networks 487:507 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 0 47 theme cytoskeleton 48:59 arg1 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 47 theme cytoskeleton 48:59 arg1 fibrils 10:16 Cellulose fibrils 0:16 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment 0:77 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 47 theme cytoskeleton 48:59 arg1 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 3 48 theme elements 476:483 arg1 activity 451:458 high activity 446:458 high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks 446:507 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 3 48 theme elements 476:483 arg1 actin 525:529 filamentous actin 513:529 filamentous actin 513:529 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 7 49 theme cellulose 1267:1275 arg1 biosynthesis 1277:1288 cellulose biosynthesis 1267:1288 cellulose biosynthesis pathway 1267:1296 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 3 50 theme networks 500:507 arg1 activity 451:458 high activity 446:458 high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks 446:507 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 3 50 theme networks 500:507 arg1 actin 525:529 filamentous actin 513:529 filamentous actin 513:529 For the first time, we detected high activity of cytoskeletal elements - microtubular networks and filamentous actin, in late phases of encystment. 30872791 2 51 dep wall 320:323 arg1 composition 325:335 composition 325:335 composition 325:335 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 4 52 theme endocyst 605:612 arg1 components 591:600 the main components 582:600 the main components of endocyst 582:612 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 4 53 theme wall 752:755 arg1 layers 733:738 both layers 728:738 both layers of the cyst wall 728:755 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 8 54 theme chemotherapeutic 1486:1501 arg1 agents 1503:1508 chemotherapeutic agents 1486:1508 chemotherapeutic agents 1486:1508 Disruption of this pathway would affect the synthesis of cyst wall and reduce considerably the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. 30872791 7 55 theme Acanthamoeba 1352:1363 arg1 infections 1365:1374 Acanthamoeba infections 1352:1374 Acanthamoeba infections 1352:1374 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 1 56 theme crucial 238:244 arg1 problem 246:252 a crucial problem 236:252 a crucial problem 236:252 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 2 57 theme encystment 341:350 arg1 study 306:310 the study 302:310 the study of cyst wall composition and encystment 302:350 Hence, the study of cyst wall composition and encystment play an important role in finding new therapeutic strategies. 30872791 0 58 dep fibrils 10:16 arg1 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 formation 18:26 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 58 dep fibrils 10:16 arg1 fibrils 10:16 Cellulose fibrils 0:16 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment 0:77 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 0 58 dep fibrils 10:16 arg1 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 organisation 32:43 Cellulose fibrils formation and organisation of cytoskeleton during encystment are essential for Acanthamoeba cyst wall architecture. 30872791 4 59 theme inter-cystic 635:646 arg1 space 648:652 inter-cystic space 635:652 inter-cystic space 635:652 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 1 60 theme human 159:163 arg1 pathogens 165:173 human pathogens 159:173 human pathogens 159:173 Acanthamoebae success as human pathogens is largely due to the highly resistant cysts which represent a crucial problem in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 61 theme wall 1071:1074 arg1 completion 1076:1085 cyst wall completion 1066:1085 cyst wall completion 1066:1085 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 30872791 4 62 theme main 586:589 arg1 components 591:600 the main components 582:600 the main components of endocyst 582:612 Cellulose fibrils - the main components of endocyst were demonstrated in inter-cystic space, and finally in the ectocyst, hereby proving the presence of cellulose in both layers of the cyst wall. 30872791 5 63 from clustering 770:779 arg1 membrane 862:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 7 64 theme biosynthesis 1277:1288 arg1 pathway 1290:1296 cellulose biosynthesis pathway 1267:1296 cellulose biosynthesis pathway 1267:1296 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 7 64 theme biosynthesis 1277:1288 arg1 target 1329:1334 a potential target 1317:1334 a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections 1317:1374 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 5 65 from alterations 835:845 arg1 membrane 862:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 cytoplasmic membrane 850:869 We detected clustering of intramembranous particles (IMPs) and their density alterations in cytoplasmic membrane during encystment. 30872791 7 66 theme biocide 1244:1250 arg1 resistance 1252:1261 Acanthamoeba biocide resistance 1231:1261 Acanthamoeba biocide resistance 1231:1261 Cyst wall impermeability, due largely to a complex polysaccharide (glycans, mainly cellulose) has been shown to be responsible for Acanthamoeba biocide resistance and cellulose biosynthesis pathway is suggested to be a potential target in treatment of Acanthamoeba infections. 30872791 6 67 theme microfibril 992:1002 arg1 complexes 1013:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes 982:1021 cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced 982:1097 We propose a hypothesis that in the phase of endocyst formation, the IMP clusters represent cellulose microfibril terminal complexes involved in cellulose synthesis that after cyst wall completion are reduced. 31771910 0 0 theme chitosan-tea 98:109 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 5 1 theme excellent 790:798 arg1 properties 812:821 excellent antioxidant properties 790:821 excellent antioxidant properties 790:821 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 6 2 theme storage 1147:1153 arg1 stability 1155:1163 their storage stability 1141:1163 their storage stability 1141:1163 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 0 3 theme zein-carboxymethyl 79:96 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 4 4 theme zein 547:550 arg1 unitary 552:558 zein unitary 547:558 zein unitary 547:558 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 5 from impact 707:712 arg1 size 734:737 its nanoparticle size 717:737 its nanoparticle size 717:737 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 0 6 theme ternary 123:129 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 0 7 from Effects 0:6 arg1 stability 52:60 physiochemical stability 37:60 physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 37:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 6 8 theme delivery 1036:1043 arg1 system 1045:1050 an effective delivery system 1023:1050 an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1023:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 8 theme delivery 1036:1043 arg1 nanoparticles 990:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 0 9 theme polyphenols 111:121 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 6 10 theme effective 1026:1034 arg1 system 1045:1050 an effective delivery system 1023:1050 an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1023:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 10 theme effective 1026:1034 arg1 nanoparticles 990:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 11 theme external 1173:1180 arg1 stresses 1196:1203 external environmental stresses 1173:1203 external environmental stresses 1173:1203 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 3 12 theme external 352:359 arg1 conditions 375:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 0 13 from stability 52:60 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 5 14 theme β-carotene 881:890 arg1 degradation 898:908 β-carotene color degradation 881:908 β-carotene color degradation 881:908 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 4 15 theme best 650:653 arg1 stability 655:663 the best stability 646:663 the best stability against color fading 646:684 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 2 16 theme industrial 292:301 arg1 production 303:312 food industrial production 287:312 food industrial production 287:312 However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. 31771910 0 17 theme delivery 131:138 arg1 system 140:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 79:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 6 18 theme environmental 1182:1194 arg1 stresses 1196:1203 external environmental stresses 1173:1203 external environmental stresses 1173:1203 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 2 19 theme food 287:290 arg1 production 303:312 food industrial production 287:312 food industrial production 287:312 However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. 31771910 6 20 theme zein-CMCS-TP 977:988 arg1 nanoparticles 990:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 20 theme zein-CMCS-TP 977:988 arg1 system 1045:1050 an effective delivery system 1023:1050 an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1023:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 5 21 theme antioxidant 800:810 arg1 properties 812:821 excellent antioxidant properties 790:821 excellent antioxidant properties 790:821 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 1 22 theme natural 198:204 arg1 nutrient 172:179 a natural nutrient 162:179 a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant 162:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 1 22 theme natural 198:204 arg1 colorant 211:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 6 23 theme novel 971:975 arg1 nanoparticles 990:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles 967:1002 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 23 theme novel 971:975 arg1 system 1045:1050 an effective delivery system 1023:1050 an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1023:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 4 24 from change 759:764 arg1 temperature 769:779 temperature 769:779 temperature 769:779 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 1 25 theme food 206:209 arg1 nutrient 172:179 a natural nutrient 162:179 a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant 162:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 1 25 theme food 206:209 arg1 colorant 211:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 0 26 theme stresses 25:32 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 0:146 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 0 27 theme environmental 11:23 arg1 stresses 25:32 environmental stresses 11:32 environmental stresses 11:32 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 3 28 theme ternary 482:488 arg1 nanoparticles 500:512 β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 406:512 β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 406:512 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 0 29 theme physiochemical 37:50 arg1 stability 52:60 physiochemical stability 37:60 physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 37:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 5 30 theme color 892:896 arg1 degradation 898:908 β-carotene color degradation 881:908 β-carotene color degradation 881:908 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 2 31 from development 272:282 arg1 production 303:312 food industrial production 287:312 food industrial production 287:312 However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. 31771910 4 32 theme color 673:677 arg1 fading 679:684 color fading 673:684 color fading 673:684 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 2 33 theme physical 239:246 arg1 stability 248:256 the weak physical stability 230:256 the weak physical stability 230:256 However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. 31771910 3 34 theme environmental 361:373 arg1 conditions 375:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 5 35 theme ternary 824:830 arg1 complexes 832:840 ternary complexes 824:840 ternary complexes 824:840 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 3 36 theme conditions 375:384 arg1 variety 341:347 a variety 339:347 a variety of external environmental conditions 339:384 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 3 36 theme conditions 375:384 arg1 conditions 375:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 external environmental conditions 352:384 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 2 37 theme weak 234:237 arg1 stability 248:256 the weak physical stability 230:256 the weak physical stability 230:256 However, the weak physical stability restricts its development in food industrial production. 31771910 4 38 theme binary 574:579 arg1 complexes 581:589 zein-CMCS binary complexes 564:589 zein-CMCS binary complexes 564:589 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 39 theme nanoparticle 721:732 arg1 size 734:737 its nanoparticle size 717:737 its nanoparticle size 717:737 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 40 theme zein-CMCS 564:572 arg1 complexes 581:589 zein-CMCS binary complexes 564:589 zein-CMCS binary complexes 564:589 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 41 contain had 642:644 arg1 complexes 632:640 ternary complexes 624:640 ternary complexes 624:640 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 41 contain had 642:644 arg2 stability 655:663 the best stability 646:663 the best stability against color fading 646:684 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 6 42 theme bioactive 1079:1087 arg1 compounds 1089:1097 hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1067:1097 hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1067:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 3 43 theme composite 490:498 arg1 nanoparticles 500:512 β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 406:512 β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 406:512 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 5 44 theme ultraviolet 926:936 arg1 light 938:942 ultraviolet light 926:942 ultraviolet light 926:942 Besides excellent antioxidant properties, ternary complexes were extremely effective in inhibiting β-carotene color degradation when exposed to ultraviolet light. 31771910 6 45 theme promising 1111:1119 arg1 approach 1121:1128 a promising approach 1109:1128 a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses 1109:1203 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 6 45 theme promising 1111:1119 arg1 which 1100:1104 which 1100:1104 which 1100:1104 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 3 46 theme nanoparticles 500:512 arg1 stability 393:401 the stability 389:401 the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 389:512 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 4 47 theme ternary 624:630 arg1 complexes 632:640 ternary complexes 624:640 ternary complexes 624:640 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 3 48 theme variety 341:347 arg1 influences 325:334 the influences 321:334 the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 321:512 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 31771910 1 49 theme natural 164:170 arg1 nutrient 172:179 a natural nutrient 162:179 a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant 162:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 1 49 theme natural 164:170 arg1 β-Carotene 148:157 β-Carotene 148:157 β-Carotene 148:157 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 1 49 theme natural 164:170 arg1 colorant 211:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 a natural food colorant 196:218 β-Carotene is a natural nutrient that serves as a natural food colorant. 31771910 6 50 theme hydrophobic 1067:1077 arg1 compounds 1089:1097 hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1067:1097 hydrophobic bioactive compounds 1067:1097 Based on our results, the novel zein-CMCS-TP nanoparticles are expected to be an effective delivery system to encapsulate hydrophobic bioactive compounds, which is a promising approach to improve their storage stability against external environmental stresses. 31771910 0 51 theme β-carotene 65:74 arg1 stability 52:60 physiochemical stability 37:60 physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system 37:145 Effects of environmental stresses on physiochemical stability of β-carotene in zein-carboxymethyl chitosan-tea polyphenols ternary delivery system. 31771910 4 52 with storage 746:752 arg1 change 759:764 change 759:764 change in temperature 759:779 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 4 53 theme little 700:705 arg1 impact 707:712 little impact 700:712 little impact on its nanoparticle size 700:737 Compared with zein unitary and zein-CMCS binary complexes, it was interesting to note that ternary complexes had the best stability against color fading and there was little impact on its nanoparticle size during storage with change in temperature. 31771910 3 54 from influences 325:334 arg1 stability 393:401 the stability 389:401 the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles 389:512 Here, the influences of a variety of external environmental conditions on the stability of β-carotene enriched zein-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary composite nanoparticles were investigated. 30895548 7 0 theme influent 1149:1156 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 0 theme influent 1149:1156 arg1 concentrations 1168:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 1 theme removal 943:949 arg1 process 951:957 the phosphate removal process 929:957 the phosphate removal process 929:957 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 3 2 theme co-existing 441:451 arg1 anions 453:458 co-existing anions 441:458 co-existing anions 441:458 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 5 3 theme pH 690:691 arg1 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 5 3 theme pH 690:691 arg1 value 693:697 the initial pH value 678:697 the initial pH value (3-12) 678:704 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 7 4 theme phosphate 1158:1166 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 4 theme phosphate 1158:1166 arg1 concentrations 1168:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 3 5 from effect 364:369 arg1 efficiency 396:405 the phosphate removal efficiency 374:405 the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 374:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 7 6 theme column 1067:1072 arg1 process 1095:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 11 7 theme MgOP 1829:1832 arg1 regeneration 1813:1824 the regeneration 1809:1824 the regeneration of MgOP 1809:1832 In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated. 30895548 3 8 theme anions 453:458 arg1 effect 431:436 the effect 427:436 the effect of co-existing anions 427:458 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 3 8 theme anions 453:458 arg1 effect 364:369 the initial pH effect 349:369 the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 349:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 10 9 theme Yoon-Nelson 1661:1671 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 7 10 theme various 1106:1112 arg1 rates 1142:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 10 theme various 1106:1112 arg1 values 1220:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 10 theme various 1106:1112 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 10 theme various 1106:1112 arg1 temperatures 1193:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 10 theme various 1106:1112 arg1 concentrations 1168:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 8 11 theme phosphate 1434:1442 arg1 process 1452:1458 the phosphate removal process 1430:1458 the phosphate removal process 1430:1458 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 10 12 theme Thomas 1678:1683 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 2 13 dep system 306:311 arg1 both 281:284 both 281:284 both 281:284 In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. 30895548 8 14 theme increased 1311:1319 arg1 mass 1325:1328 an increased bed mass 1308:1328 an increased bed mass 1308:1328 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 7 15 theme flow 1137:1140 arg1 rates 1142:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 15 theme flow 1137:1140 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 6 16 theme removal 844:850 arg1 endothermic 864:874 endothermic 864:874 endothermic 864:874 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 6 16 theme removal 844:850 arg1 process 852:858 the phosphate removal process 830:858 the phosphate removal process 830:858 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 9 17 theme influent 1481:1488 arg1 concentrations 1500:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. 30895548 2 18 theme phosphate 246:254 arg1 removal 235:241 the removal 231:241 the removal of phosphate by MgOP 231:262 In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. 30895548 5 19 theme initial 682:688 arg1 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 5 19 theme initial 682:688 arg1 value 693:697 the initial pH value 678:697 the initial pH value (3-12) 678:704 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 6 20 theme phosphate 834:842 arg1 endothermic 864:874 endothermic 864:874 endothermic 864:874 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 6 20 theme phosphate 834:842 arg1 process 852:858 the phosphate removal process 830:858 the phosphate removal process 830:858 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 9 21 theme phosphate 1490:1498 arg1 concentrations 1500:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. 30895548 3 22 theme removal 388:394 arg1 efficiency 396:405 the phosphate removal efficiency 374:405 the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 374:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 0 23 theme column 92:97 arg1 tests 99:103 column tests 92:103 column tests 92:103 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 10 24 theme Adams-Bohart 1637:1648 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 7 25 used used 1046:1049 arg2 curves 1034:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 5 26 theme batch 574:578 arg1 experiments 580:590 the batch experiments 570:590 the batch experiments 570:590 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 8 27 theme removal 1444:1450 arg1 process 1452:1458 the phosphate removal process 1430:1458 the phosphate removal process 1430:1458 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 8 28 theme MgOP 1414:1417 arg1 bed 1419:1421 the MgOP bed 1410:1421 the MgOP bed 1410:1421 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 3 29 from effect 431:436 arg1 efficiency 396:405 the phosphate removal efficiency 374:405 the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 374:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 0 30 theme magnesia-pullulan 36:52 arg1 composite 54:62 a magnesia-pullulan composite 34:62 a magnesia-pullulan composite 34:62 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 3 31 theme phosphate 378:386 arg1 efficiency 396:405 the phosphate removal efficiency 374:405 the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 374:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 3 32 theme batch 318:322 arg1 experiments 324:334 The batch experiments 314:334 The batch experiments 314:334 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 5 33 from experiments 580:590 arg1 results 557:563 The results 553:563 The results from the batch experiments 553:590 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 8 34 theme bed 1321:1323 arg1 mass 1325:1328 an increased bed mass 1308:1328 an increased bed mass 1308:1328 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 10 35 theme Wolboska 1651:1658 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 5 36 theme removal 750:756 arg1 efficiency 758:767 the phosphate removal efficiency 736:767 the phosphate removal efficiency 736:767 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 7 37 theme resulting 1011:1019 arg1 curves 1034:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 2 38 theme dynamic 298:304 arg1 system 306:311 both a batch and dynamic system 281:311 system 306:311 In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. 30895548 5 39 theme phosphate 740:748 arg1 efficiency 758:767 the phosphate removal efficiency 736:767 the phosphate removal efficiency 736:767 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 10 40 theme Several 1596:1602 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 10 40 theme Several 1596:1602 arg1 models 1615:1620 Several mathematic models 1596:1620 Several mathematic models 1596:1620 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 5 41 theme phosphate 661:669 arg1 adsorption 647:656 the adsorption 643:656 the adsorption of phosphate 643:669 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 6 42 theme thermodynamics 797:810 arg1 Analysis 770:777 Analysis 770:777 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics 770:810 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 9 43 theme column 1554:1559 arg1 capacity 1572:1579 the column adsorption capacity 1550:1579 the column adsorption capacity for phosphate 1550:1593 Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. 30895548 10 44 theme mathematic 1604:1613 arg1 models 1685:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models 1633:1690 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 10 44 theme mathematic 1604:1613 arg1 models 1615:1620 Several mathematic models 1596:1620 Several mathematic models 1596:1620 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 7 45 theme phosphate 1074:1082 arg1 process 1095:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 11 46 theme magnesium 1777:1785 arg1 ions 1787:1790 magnesium ions 1777:1790 magnesium ions 1777:1790 In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated. 30895548 6 47 theme adsorption 786:795 arg1 thermodynamics 797:810 the adsorption thermodynamics 782:810 the adsorption thermodynamics 782:810 Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. 30895548 0 48 theme phosphate 18:26 arg1 adsorption 4:13 The adsorption 0:13 The adsorption of phosphate 0:26 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 1 49 theme synthetic 189:197 arg1 solution 199:206 a synthetic solution 187:206 a synthetic solution 187:206 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite has been developed to remove phosphate from a synthetic solution. 30895548 3 50 theme initial 353:359 arg1 effect 364:369 the initial pH effect 349:369 the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 349:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 11 51 theme ions 1787:1790 arg1 concentration 1760:1772 the effluent concentration 1747:1772 the effluent concentration of magnesium ions 1747:1790 In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated. 30895548 7 52 theme breakthrough 1021:1032 arg1 curves 1034:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 the resulting breakthrough curves 1007:1039 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 9 53 theme adsorption 1561:1570 arg1 capacity 1572:1579 the column adsorption capacity 1550:1579 the column adsorption capacity for phosphate 1550:1593 Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. 30895548 3 54 theme pH 361:362 arg1 effect 364:369 the initial pH effect 349:369 the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 349:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 4 55 theme adsorption 478:487 arg1 isotherms 489:497 the adsorption isotherms 474:497 the adsorption isotherms 474:497 In addition, the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, and kinetics were also investigated. 30895548 7 56 theme MgOP 997:1000 arg1 bed 990:992 a fixed bed 982:992 a fixed bed of MgOP 982:1000 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 9 57 theme higher 1474:1479 arg1 concentrations 1500:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 higher influent phosphate concentrations 1474:1513 Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. 30895548 0 58 dep using 28:32 arg1 equilibrium 75:85 equilibrium 75:85 equilibrium 75:85 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 0 58 dep using 28:32 arg1 kinetics 65:72 kinetics 65:72 kinetics 65:72 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 0 58 dep using 28:32 arg1 tests 99:103 column tests 92:103 column tests 92:103 The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. 30895548 8 59 from adsorption 1257:1266 arg1 MgOP 1284:1287 MgOP 1284:1287 MgOP 1284:1287 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 2 60 theme batch 288:292 arg1 system 306:311 both a batch and dynamic system 281:311 system 306:311 In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. 30895548 10 61 theme fixed-bed 1718:1726 arg1 data 1728:1731 the fixed-bed data 1714:1731 the fixed-bed data 1714:1731 Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. 30895548 3 62 dep 12 420:421 arg1 to 417:418 to 417:418 to 417:418 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 7 63 theme fixed 984:988 arg1 bed 990:992 a fixed bed 982:992 a fixed bed of MgOP 982:1000 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 64 theme adsorption 1084:1093 arg1 process 1095:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 the column phosphate adsorption process 1063:1101 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 3 65 from 12 420:421 arg1 efficiency 396:405 the phosphate removal efficiency 374:405 the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 374:421 The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. 30895548 1 66 theme magnesia-pullulan 108:124 arg1 composite 133:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite 106:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite 106:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite has been developed to remove phosphate from a synthetic solution. 30895548 8 67 theme bed 1419:1421 arg1 performance 1395:1405 the performance 1391:1405 the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process 1391:1458 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 8 68 theme reaction 1341:1348 arg1 temperature 1350:1360 the reaction temperature 1337:1360 the reaction temperature 1337:1360 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 7 69 theme process 951:957 arg1 dynamics 917:924 the dynamics 913:924 the dynamics of the phosphate removal process 913:957 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 70 theme pH 1217:1218 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 70 theme pH 1217:1218 arg1 values 1220:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 8 71 theme phosphate 1271:1279 arg1 adsorption 1257:1266 the adsorption 1253:1266 the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP 1253:1287 The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. 30895548 7 72 theme inlet 1211:1215 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 72 theme inlet 1211:1215 arg1 values 1220:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 5 73 contain had 706:708 arg1 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 3-12 700:703 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 5 73 contain had 706:708 arg2 influence 723:731 a negligible influence 710:731 a negligible influence 710:731 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 5 73 contain had 706:708 arg1 value 693:697 the initial pH value 678:697 the initial pH value (3-12) 678:704 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 1 74 theme MgOP 127:130 arg1 composite 133:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite 106:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite 106:141 A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite has been developed to remove phosphate from a synthetic solution. 30895548 11 75 theme effluent 1751:1758 arg1 concentration 1760:1772 the effluent concentration 1747:1772 the effluent concentration of magnesium ions 1747:1790 In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated. 30895548 5 76 theme negligible 712:721 arg1 influence 723:731 a negligible influence 710:731 a negligible influence 710:731 The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. 30895548 7 77 theme volumetric 1126:1135 arg1 rates 1142:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 77 theme volumetric 1126:1135 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 2 78 theme present 216:222 arg1 study 224:228 the present study 212:228 the present study 212:228 In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. 30895548 7 79 theme phosphate 933:941 arg1 process 951:957 the phosphate removal process 929:957 the phosphate removal process 929:957 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 80 theme bed 1114:1116 arg1 rates 1142:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 volumetric flow rates 1126:1146 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 80 theme bed 1114:1116 arg1 values 1220:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 inlet pH values 1211:1225 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 80 theme bed 1114:1116 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 80 theme bed 1114:1116 arg1 temperatures 1193:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 80 theme bed 1114:1116 arg1 concentrations 1168:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 influent phosphate concentrations 1149:1181 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 81 theme reaction 1184:1191 arg1 masses 1118:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 various bed masses 1106:1123 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 30895548 7 81 theme reaction 1184:1191 arg1 temperatures 1193:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 reaction temperatures 1184:1204 Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. 31843610 4 0 theme optimized 885:893 arg1 size 904:907 optimized particle size 885:907 optimized particle size 885:907 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 7 1 with order 1219:1223 arg1 kinetics 1282:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 4 2 theme drug 833:836 arg1 release 822:828 controlled release 811:828 controlled release of drug 811:836 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 8 3 theme tamarind 1386:1393 arg1 gum 1400:1402 tamarind seed gum 1386:1402 tamarind seed gum 1386:1402 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 1 4 theme novel 175:179 arg1 gum 195:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 4 5 theme optimization 601:612 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 0 6 theme dalfampridine 83:95 arg1 release 72:78 sustained release 62:78 sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology 62:130 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 1 7 theme tamarind 181:188 arg1 gum 195:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 8 8 theme better 1443:1448 arg1 way 1450:1452 a better way 1441:1452 a better way 1441:1452 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 1 9 theme Central 279:285 arg1 design 297:302 Central Composite design 279:302 Central Composite design 279:302 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 0 10 theme surface 112:118 arg1 methodology 120:130 response surface methodology 103:130 response surface methodology 103:130 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 4 11 theme contour 635:641 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 7 12 theme square 1237:1242 arg1 model 1249:1253 first order and Higuchi square root model 1213:1253 model 1249:1253 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 7 13 theme root 1244:1247 arg1 model 1249:1253 first order and Higuchi square root model 1213:1253 model 1249:1253 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 4 14 theme variables 684:692 arg1 level 663:667 the level 659:667 the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively) 659:747 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 1 15 theme Composite 287:295 arg1 design 297:302 Central Composite design 279:302 Central Composite design 279:302 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 0 16 theme response 103:110 arg1 methodology 120:130 response surface methodology 103:130 response surface methodology 103:130 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 4 17 dep C 703:703 arg1 % 730:730 2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w 706:733 % 730:730 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 2 18 theme agitation 373:381 arg1 variables 453:461 independent variables 441:461 independent variables 441:461 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 18 theme agitation 373:381 arg1 B 390:390 B 390:390 B 390:390 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 18 theme agitation 373:381 arg1 concentration 397:409 concentration 397:409 concentration of CaCl2 (C) 397:422 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 18 theme agitation 373:381 arg1 speed 383:387 agitation speed 373:387 agitation speed (B) 373:391 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 18 theme agitation 373:381 arg1 ratio 362:366 Polymer ratio 354:366 Polymer ratio (A) 354:370 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 4 19 theme process 614:620 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 8 20 theme dalfampridine 1337:1349 arg1 system 1370:1375 dalfampridine multi-particulates system 1337:1375 dalfampridine multi-particulates system 1337:1375 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 3 21 theme Dalfampridine 464:476 arg1 microspheres 485:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres 464:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres 464:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres are prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and were evaluated for responses. 31843610 4 22 theme maximum 754:760 arg1 response 762:769 maximum response 754:769 maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%) 754:808 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 1 23 theme seed 190:193 arg1 gum 195:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 novel tamarind seed gum 175:197 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 1 24 theme gum 195:197 arg1 development 160:170 development 160:170 development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine 160:268 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 0 25 theme tamarind 6:13 arg1 gum-alginate 20:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate 0:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based 0:37 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 8 26 theme drug 1485:1488 arg1 release 1474:1480 the release 1470:1480 the release of drug 1470:1488 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 2 27 theme Polymer 354:360 arg1 A 369:369 A 369:369 A 369:369 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 27 theme Polymer 354:360 arg1 variables 453:461 independent variables 441:461 independent variables 441:461 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 27 theme Polymer 354:360 arg1 ratio 362:366 Polymer ratio 354:366 Polymer ratio (A) 354:370 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 27 theme Polymer 354:360 arg1 concentration 397:409 concentration 397:409 concentration of CaCl2 (C) 397:422 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 27 theme Polymer 354:360 arg1 speed 383:387 agitation speed 373:387 agitation speed (B) 373:391 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 0 28 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 gum-alginate 20:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate 0:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based 0:37 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 4 29 theme controlled 811:820 arg1 release 822:828 controlled release 811:828 controlled release of drug 811:836 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 30 theme 1.1 727:729 arg1 % 730:730 2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w 706:733 % 730:730 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 8 31 theme system 1370:1375 arg1 fabrication 1322:1332 fabrication 1322:1332 fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system 1322:1375 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 1 32 theme alginate 201:208 arg1 microspheres 218:229 alginate complex microspheres 201:229 alginate complex microspheres 201:229 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 4 33 dep variables 684:692 arg1 C 703:703 C 703:703 C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively) 703:747 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 33 dep variables 684:692 arg1 B 697:697 B 697:697 B 697:697 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 33 dep variables 684:692 arg1 A 694:694 A 694:694 A 694:694 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 6 34 dep Transform 1101:1109 arg1 infrared 1111:1118 infrared 1111:1118 Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry 1101:1169 Optimized formulation was characterized for compatibility by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry. 31843610 1 35 with combination 307:317 arg1 methodology 341:351 response surface methodology 324:351 response surface methodology 324:351 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 1 36 theme complex 210:216 arg1 microspheres 218:229 alginate complex microspheres 201:229 alginate complex microspheres 201:229 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 0 37 theme seed 15:18 arg1 gum-alginate 20:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate 0:31 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based 0:37 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 4 38 theme software 582:589 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 8 39 theme sodium 1408:1413 arg1 alginate 1415:1422 sodium alginate 1408:1422 sodium alginate 1408:1422 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 3 40 theme ionotropic 514:523 arg1 technique 534:542 ionotropic gelation technique 514:542 ionotropic gelation technique 514:542 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres are prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and were evaluated for responses. 31843610 1 41 theme microspheres 218:229 arg1 development 160:170 development 160:170 development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine 160:268 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 7 42 theme Higuchi 1229:1235 arg1 model 1249:1253 first order and Higuchi square root model 1213:1253 model 1249:1253 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 1 43 theme response 324:331 arg1 methodology 341:351 response surface methodology 324:351 response surface methodology 324:351 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 6 44 theme Optimized 1032:1040 arg1 formulation 1042:1052 Optimized formulation 1032:1052 Optimized formulation 1032:1052 Optimized formulation was characterized for compatibility by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 concentration 397:409 concentration 397:409 concentration of CaCl2 (C) 397:422 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 speed 383:387 agitation speed 373:387 agitation speed (B) 373:391 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 ratio 362:366 Polymer ratio 354:366 Polymer ratio (A) 354:370 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 C 421:421 C 421:421 C 421:421 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 A 369:369 A 369:369 A 369:369 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 variables 453:461 independent variables 441:461 independent variables 441:461 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 45 theme CaCl2 414:418 arg1 B 390:390 B 390:390 B 390:390 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 4 46 theme particle 895:902 arg1 size 904:907 optimized particle size 885:907 optimized particle size 885:907 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 1 47 theme surface 333:339 arg1 methodology 341:351 response surface methodology 324:351 response surface methodology 324:351 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 4 48 theme numerical 591:599 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 5 49 theme optimized 976:984 arg1 formulation 986:996 the optimized formulation 972:996 the optimized formulation 972:996 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation confirms the validation of model. 31843610 4 50 theme efficiency 790:799 arg1 response 762:769 maximum response 754:769 maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%) 754:808 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 1 51 theme sustained 235:243 arg1 release 245:251 sustained release 235:251 sustained release of dalfampridine 235:268 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 0 52 theme sustained 62:70 arg1 release 72:78 sustained release 62:78 sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology 62:130 Novel tamarind seed gum-alginate based multi-particulates for sustained release of dalfampridine using response surface methodology. 31843610 8 53 from useful 1431:1436 arg1 way 1450:1452 a better way 1441:1452 a better way 1441:1452 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 7 54 with model 1249:1253 arg1 kinetics 1282:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 8 55 theme multi-particulates 1351:1368 arg1 system 1370:1375 dalfampridine multi-particulates system 1337:1375 dalfampridine multi-particulates system 1337:1375 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 7 56 theme first 1213:1217 arg1 order 1219:1223 first order and Higuchi square root model 1213:1253 order 1219:1223 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 2 57 theme independent 441:451 arg1 variables 453:461 independent variables 441:461 independent variables 441:461 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 57 theme independent 441:451 arg1 ratio 362:366 Polymer ratio 354:366 Polymer ratio (A) 354:370 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 57 theme independent 441:451 arg1 concentration 397:409 concentration 397:409 concentration of CaCl2 (C) 397:422 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 2 57 theme independent 441:451 arg1 speed 383:387 agitation speed 373:387 agitation speed (B) 373:391 Polymer ratio (A), agitation speed (B) and concentration of CaCl2 (C) were selected as independent variables. 31843610 5 58 theme Low 936:938 arg1 magnitude 940:948 Low magnitude 936:948 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation 936:996 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation confirms the validation of model. 31843610 7 59 theme diffusion 1272:1280 arg1 kinetics 1282:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 1 60 theme current 137:143 arg1 study 145:149 The current study 133:149 The current study 133:149 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 8 61 theme seed 1395:1398 arg1 gum 1400:1402 tamarind seed gum 1386:1402 tamarind seed gum 1386:1402 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 7 62 theme non-Fickian 1260:1270 arg1 kinetics 1282:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 non-Fickian diffusion kinetics 1260:1289 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 6 63 theme scanning 1150:1157 arg1 calorimetry 1159:1169 Differential scanning calorimetry 1137:1169 Differential scanning calorimetry 1137:1169 Optimized formulation was characterized for compatibility by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry. 31843610 8 64 theme fabrication 1322:1332 arg1 attempt 1311:1317 such an attempt 1303:1317 such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate 1303:1422 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 8 64 theme fabrication 1322:1332 arg1 useful 1431:1436 useful 1431:1436 useful 1431:1436 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 3 65 theme loaded 478:483 arg1 microspheres 485:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres 464:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres 464:496 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres are prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and were evaluated for responses. 31843610 5 66 theme relative 953:960 arg1 error 962:966 relative error 953:966 relative error 953:966 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation confirms the validation of model. 31843610 6 67 theme Differential 1137:1148 arg1 calorimetry 1159:1169 Differential scanning calorimetry 1137:1169 Differential scanning calorimetry 1137:1169 Optimized formulation was characterized for compatibility by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry. 31843610 4 68 theme surface 623:629 arg1 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots 578:647 plots 643:647 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 69 dep 12 h 851:854 arg1 % 862:862 29.84% 857:862 29.84% 857:862 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 69 dep 12 h 851:854 arg1 % 870:870 67.92% 865:870 67.92% 865:870 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 69 dep 12 h 851:854 arg1 % 878:878 86.42% 873:878 86.42% 873:878 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 5 70 theme error 962:966 arg1 magnitude 940:948 Low magnitude 936:948 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation 936:996 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation confirms the validation of model. 31843610 4 71 theme entrapment 779:788 arg1 efficiency 790:799 drug entrapment efficiency 774:799 drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%) 774:808 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 71 theme entrapment 779:788 arg1 % 807:807 86.09% 802:807 86.09% 802:807 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 6 72 dep Fourier 1093:1099 arg1 Transform 1101:1109 Transform 1101:1109 Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry 1101:1169 Optimized formulation was characterized for compatibility by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry. 31843610 3 73 theme gelation 525:532 arg1 technique 534:542 ionotropic gelation technique 514:542 ionotropic gelation technique 514:542 Dalfampridine loaded microspheres are prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and were evaluated for responses. 31843610 4 74 theme independent 672:682 arg1 variables 684:692 independent variables 672:692 independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively) 672:747 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 1 75 theme dalfampridine 256:268 arg1 release 245:251 sustained release 235:251 sustained release of dalfampridine 235:268 The current study involves development of novel tamarind seed gum - alginate complex microspheres for sustained release of dalfampridine by using Central Composite design in combination with response surface methodology. 31843610 7 76 theme drug 1176:1179 arg1 data 1189:1192 The drug release data 1172:1192 The drug release data 1172:1192 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 5 77 theme model 1025:1029 arg1 validation 1011:1020 the validation 1007:1020 the validation of model 1007:1029 Low magnitude of relative error for the optimized formulation confirms the validation of model. 31843610 4 78 theme drug 774:777 arg1 efficiency 790:799 drug entrapment efficiency 774:799 drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%) 774:808 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 4 78 theme drug 774:777 arg1 % 807:807 86.09% 802:807 86.09% 802:807 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31843610 8 79 from way 1450:1452 arg1 attempt 1311:1317 such an attempt 1303:1317 such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate 1303:1422 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 8 79 from way 1450:1452 arg1 useful 1431:1436 useful 1431:1436 useful 1431:1436 Therefore, such an attempt of fabrication of dalfampridine multi-particulates system by using tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate may be useful in a better way, for sustaining the release of drug over 12 h. 31843610 7 80 theme release 1181:1187 arg1 data 1189:1192 The drug release data 1172:1192 The drug release data 1172:1192 The drug release data was best fitted by first order and Higuchi square root model with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics. 31843610 4 81 theme 2.6 706:708 arg1 % 730:730 2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w 706:733 % 730:730 The software numerical optimization process, surface and contour plots predicted the level of independent variables A, B and C (2.6, 800.412 rpm and 1.1%w/w respectively), for maximum response of drug entrapment efficiency (86.09%), controlled release of drug at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h (29.84%, 67.92%, 86.42%) and optimized particle size (613.212 μm) respectively. 31712153 4 0 from decreases 719:727 arg1 levels 736:741 the levels 732:741 the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin 732:778 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 5 1 theme Parabacteroides 963:977 arg1 level 928:932 the level 924:932 the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides 924:993 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 6 2 theme metabolic 1226:1234 arg1 changes 1236:1242 most metabolic changes 1221:1242 most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis 1221:1276 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 2 3 theme effect 340:345 arg1 mechanism 309:317 the underlying mechanism 294:317 the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect 294:345 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 3 4 from effects 493:499 arg1 microbiota 519:528 gut microbiota 515:528 gut microbiota 515:528 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 4 from effects 493:499 arg1 metabolites 540:550 fecal metabolites 534:550 fecal metabolites 534:550 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 6 5 theme most 1221:1224 arg1 changes 1236:1242 most metabolic changes 1221:1242 most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis 1221:1276 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 6 theme substances 1127:1136 arg1 metabolism 1138:1147 inflammatory substances metabolism 1114:1147 inflammatory substances metabolism 1114:1147 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 7 theme acids 1070:1074 arg1 metabolism 1076:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 1 8 theme putative 242:249 arg1 effects 265:271 putative anti-diabetic effects 242:271 putative anti-diabetic effects 242:271 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 6 9 theme carbohydrates 1088:1100 arg1 metabolism 1102:1111 carbohydrates metabolism 1088:1111 carbohydrates metabolism 1088:1111 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 10 theme inflammatory 1114:1125 arg1 substances 1127:1136 inflammatory substances 1114:1136 inflammatory substances metabolism 1114:1147 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 4 11 theme GLP 696:698 arg1 administration 678:691 administration 678:691 administration of GLP 678:698 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 6 12 with consistent 1283:1292 arg1 consequences 1305:1316 these consequences 1299:1316 these consequences 1299:1316 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 1 13 theme anti-diabetic 251:263 arg1 effects 265:271 putative anti-diabetic effects 242:271 putative anti-diabetic effects 242:271 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 0 14 theme diabetic 107:114 arg1 rats 116:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 5 15 theme bacteria 838:845 arg1 abundance 817:825 the abundance 813:825 the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, 813:908 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 4 16 theme insulin 772:778 arg1 levels 736:741 the levels 732:741 the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin 732:778 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 2 17 theme gut 390:392 arg1 composition 405:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 4 18 theme significant 707:717 arg1 decreases 719:727 significant decreases 707:727 significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin 707:778 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 3 19 dep microbiota 519:528 arg1 the 511:513 the 511:513 the 511:513 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 20 theme profiling 654:662 arg1 NMR 650:652 1H NMR profiling 647:662 1H NMR profiling 647:662 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 6 21 theme T2DM 1207:1210 arg1 rats 1212:1215 T2DM rats 1207:1215 T2DM rats 1207:1215 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 7 22 theme T2DM 1388:1391 arg1 rats 1393:1396 T2DM rats 1388:1396 T2DM rats 1388:1396 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 7 23 theme host 1446:1449 arg1 metabolites 1427:1437 metabolites 1427:1437 metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects 1427:1485 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 5 24 theme GLP 791:793 arg1 treatment 795:803 GLP treatment 791:803 GLP treatment 791:803 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 7 25 theme normal 1403:1408 arg1 level 1410:1414 a normal level 1401:1414 a normal level 1401:1414 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 2 26 theme underlying 298:307 arg1 mechanism 309:317 the underlying mechanism 294:317 the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect 294:345 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 7 27 theme rats 1393:1396 arg1 microbiota 1374:1383 the disordered gut microbiota 1355:1383 the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level 1355:1414 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 6 28 theme community 1194:1202 arg1 metabolism 1138:1147 inflammatory substances metabolism 1114:1147 inflammatory substances metabolism 1114:1147 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 28 theme community 1194:1202 arg1 metabolism 1102:1111 carbohydrates metabolism 1088:1111 carbohydrates metabolism 1088:1111 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 28 theme community 1194:1202 arg1 metabolism 1076:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 6 28 theme community 1194:1202 arg1 metabolism 1166:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 3 29 theme gut 515:517 arg1 microbiota 519:528 gut microbiota 515:528 gut microbiota 515:528 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 30 from microbiota 519:528 arg1 rats 601:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 30 from microbiota 519:528 arg1 diet 564:567 high-fat diet 555:567 high-fat diet 555:567 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 0 31 theme lucidum 20:26 arg1 polysaccharides 28:42 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 10:42 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 10:42 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 5 32 dep Corynebactrium 882:895 arg1 Ruminococcus 868:879 Ruminococcus 868:879 Ruminococcus 868:879 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 5 33 theme Dehalobacterium 946:960 arg1 level 928:932 the level 924:932 the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides 924:993 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 3 34 theme GLP 504:506 arg1 effects 493:499 the effects 489:499 the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 489:604 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 4 35 theme fasting 746:752 arg1 glucose 760:766 fasting blood glucose 746:766 fasting blood glucose 746:766 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 2 36 theme microbiota 394:403 arg1 composition 405:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 0 37 theme Ganoderma 10:18 arg1 lucidum 20:26 Ganoderma lucidum 10:26 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 10:42 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 0 38 from metabolism 86:95 arg1 rats 116:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 5 39 theme harmful 830:836 arg1 bacteria 838:845 harmful bacteria 830:845 harmful bacteria 830:845 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 7 40 theme gut 1370:1372 arg1 microbiota 1374:1383 the disordered gut microbiota 1355:1383 the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level 1355:1414 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 1 41 theme mushrooms 183:191 arg1 kind 165:168 a kind 163:168 a kind of medicinal mushrooms 163:191 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 1 41 theme mushrooms 183:191 arg1 polysaccharides 140:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 122:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) 122:160 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 2 42 theme mellitus 450:457 arg1 status 466:471 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status 434:471 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status 434:471 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 6 43 theme disturbed 1054:1062 arg1 metabolism 1076:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 3 44 theme fecal 534:538 arg1 metabolites 540:550 fecal metabolites 534:550 fecal metabolites 534:550 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 45 from metabolites 540:550 arg1 rats 601:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 45 from metabolites 540:550 arg1 diet 564:567 high-fat diet 555:567 high-fat diet 555:567 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 6 46 theme bacterial 1184:1192 arg1 community 1194:1202 gut bacterial community 1180:1202 gut bacterial community 1180:1202 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 2 47 theme diabetes 441:448 arg1 T2DM 460:463 T2DM 460:463 T2DM 460:463 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 2 47 theme diabetes 441:448 arg1 mellitus 450:457 type 2 diabetes mellitus 434:457 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status 434:471 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 0 48 theme polysaccharides 28:42 arg1 Intake 0:5 Intake 0:5 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 0:42 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 0 49 from microbiota 71:80 arg1 rats 116:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 type 2 diabetic rats 100:119 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 6 50 theme gut 1180:1182 arg1 community 1194:1202 gut bacterial community 1180:1202 gut bacterial community 1180:1202 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 2 51 theme GLP 383:385 arg1 effects 372:378 the effects 368:378 the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition 368:415 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 0 52 theme disturbed 57:65 arg1 microbiota 71:80 the disturbed gut microbiota 53:80 the disturbed gut microbiota 53:80 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 3 53 theme T2DM 596:599 arg1 rats 601:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 4 54 theme glucose 760:766 arg1 levels 736:741 the levels 732:741 the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin 732:778 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 2 55 theme anti-diabetic 326:338 arg1 effect 340:345 its anti-diabetic effect 322:345 its anti-diabetic effect 322:345 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 2 56 theme type 434:437 arg1 T2DM 460:463 T2DM 460:463 T2DM 460:463 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 2 56 theme type 434:437 arg1 mellitus 450:457 type 2 diabetes mellitus 434:457 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status 434:471 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 6 57 theme metabolomics 1256:1267 arg1 analysis 1269:1276 metabolomics analysis 1256:1276 metabolomics analysis 1256:1276 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 3 58 theme 16S 623:625 arg1 sequencing 632:641 16S rDNA sequencing 623:641 16S rDNA sequencing 623:641 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 4 59 theme blood 754:758 arg1 glucose 760:766 fasting blood glucose 746:766 fasting blood glucose 746:766 As a result, administration of GLP led to significant decreases in the levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin. 31712153 3 60 theme streptozotocin-induced 573:594 arg1 rats 601:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats 573:604 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 61 theme rDNA 627:630 arg1 sequencing 632:641 16S rDNA sequencing 623:641 16S rDNA sequencing 623:641 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 6 62 theme acid 1161:1164 arg1 metabolism 1166:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 2 63 from effects 372:378 arg1 composition 405:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 gut microbiota composition 390:415 In order to unravel the underlying mechanism of its anti-diabetic effect, this study examines the effects of GLP on gut microbiota composition and functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status. 31712153 1 64 theme Ganoderma 122:130 arg1 lucidum 132:138 Ganoderma lucidum 122:138 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) 122:160 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 7 65 theme disordered 1359:1368 arg1 microbiota 1374:1383 the disordered gut microbiota 1355:1383 the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level 1355:1414 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 1 66 used used 206:209 arg2 GLP 157:159 GLP 157:159 GLP 157:159 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 1 66 used used 206:209 arg2 polysaccharides 140:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 122:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) 122:160 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 1 66 used used 206:209 arg2 kind 165:168 a kind 163:168 a kind of medicinal mushrooms 163:191 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 6 67 theme nucleic 1153:1159 arg1 metabolism 1166:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 nucleic acid metabolism 1153:1175 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 1 68 theme lucidum 132:138 arg1 kind 165:168 a kind 163:168 a kind of medicinal mushrooms 163:191 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 1 68 theme lucidum 132:138 arg1 GLP 157:159 GLP 157:159 GLP 157:159 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 1 68 theme lucidum 132:138 arg1 polysaccharides 140:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides 122:154 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) 122:160 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 6 69 theme amino 1064:1068 arg1 acids 1070:1074 amino acids 1064:1074 the disturbed amino acids metabolism 1050:1085 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 5 70 theme such 848:851 arg1 bacteria 838:845 harmful bacteria 830:845 harmful bacteria 830:845 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 5 71 theme Bacteroides 983:993 arg1 level 928:932 the level 924:932 the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides 924:993 Moreover, GLP treatment reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Aerococcus, Ruminococcus, Corynebactrium and Proteus, and increased the level of Blautia, Dehalobacterium, Parabacteroides and Bacteroides. 31712153 1 72 theme medicinal 173:181 arg1 mushrooms 183:191 medicinal mushrooms 173:191 medicinal mushrooms 173:191 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31712153 6 73 theme PICRUSt 1000:1006 arg1 analysis 1008:1015 The PICRUSt analysis 996:1015 The PICRUSt analysis 996:1015 The PICRUSt analysis indicated that GLP could restore the disturbed amino acids metabolism, carbohydrates metabolism, inflammatory substances metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism of gut bacterial community in T2DM rats and most metabolic changes observed by metabolomics analysis were consistent with these consequences. 31712153 0 74 theme gut 67:69 arg1 microbiota 71:80 the disturbed gut microbiota 53:80 the disturbed gut microbiota 53:80 Intake of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reverses the disturbed gut microbiota and metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. 31712153 3 75 theme 1H 647:648 arg1 NMR 650:652 1H NMR profiling 647:662 1H NMR profiling 647:662 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 3 76 theme high-fat 555:562 arg1 diet 564:567 high-fat diet 555:567 high-fat diet 555:567 In this study, the effects of GLP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were examined by 16S rDNA sequencing and 1H NMR profiling. 31712153 7 77 theme antidiabetic 1466:1477 arg1 effects 1479:1485 its antidiabetic effects 1462:1485 its antidiabetic effects 1462:1485 Taken collectively, GLP can restore the disordered gut microbiota of T2DM rats to a normal level and modify metabolites of the host to realize its antidiabetic effects. 31712153 1 78 theme southeastern 214:225 arg1 countries 227:235 southeastern countries 214:235 southeastern countries 214:235 Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), a kind of medicinal mushrooms, were widely used in southeastern countries with putative anti-diabetic effects. 31081613 16 0 theme printed 2180:2186 arg1 scaffolds 2205:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 13 1 from increase 1609:1616 arg1 pores 1634:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 4 2 theme controlled 568:577 arg1 structure 592:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 16 3 theme large-sized 2273:2283 arg1 defect 2327:2332 a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2271:2332 a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2251:2332 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 12 4 dep 90 1398:1399 arg1 to 1395:1396 to 1395:1396 to 1395:1396 With cryogenic 3D printing, up to 90% microporosity could be incorporated into the scaffolds. 31081613 8 5 theme entire 955:960 arg1 scaffold 966:973 the entire gel scaffold 951:973 the entire gel scaffold 951:973 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 15 6 from spongy 2029:2034 arg1 nature 2039:2044 nature 2039:2044 nature 2039:2044 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 15 6 from spongy 2029:2034 arg1 state 2055:2059 a wet state 2049:2059 a wet state 2049:2059 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 16 7 theme open 2300:2303 arg1 defect 2327:2332 a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2271:2332 a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2251:2332 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 13 8 theme surface 1621:1627 arg1 pores 1634:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 15 9 theme bone 2102:2105 arg1 cavities 2107:2114 bone cavities 2102:2114 bone cavities with a small opening 2102:2135 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 13 10 dep 100 1711:1713 arg1 to 1708:1709 to 1708:1709 to 1708:1709 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 5 11 theme 3D 629:630 arg1 shape 638:642 3D outer shape 629:642 3D outer shape to macroporosity 629:659 The hierarchy ranges from 3D outer shape to macroporosity to microporosity and rough surface. 31081613 6 12 theme cryogenic 764:772 arg1 atmosphere 774:783 a local cryogenic atmosphere 756:783 a local cryogenic atmosphere 756:783 The fabrication process developed here uses 3D printing in a local cryogenic atmosphere, followed by lyophilization and cross-linking. 31081613 14 13 theme cell 1897:1900 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 13 theme cell 1897:1900 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 1 14 theme Three-dimensional 95:111 arg1 technology 127:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology 95:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology 95:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 2 15 theme print 282:286 arg1 gels 288:291 3D print gels 279:291 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size 279:357 However, it is still a challenge to 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size. 31081613 1 16 theme medical 199:205 arg1 devices 207:213 medical devices 199:213 medical devices 199:213 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 1 17 theme printing 118:125 arg1 technology 127:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology 95:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology 95:136 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 13 18 theme polymer 1558:1564 arg1 concentration 1566:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 14 19 theme stem 1875:1878 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 12 20 theme cryogenic 1369:1377 arg1 printing 1382:1389 cryogenic 3D printing 1369:1389 cryogenic 3D printing 1369:1389 With cryogenic 3D printing, up to 90% microporosity could be incorporated into the scaffolds. 31081613 14 21 theme cord 1858:1861 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 5 22 theme rough 682:686 arg1 surface 688:694 rough surface 682:694 rough surface 682:694 The hierarchy ranges from 3D outer shape to macroporosity to microporosity and rough surface. 31081613 14 23 theme human 1842:1846 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 4 24 with scaffold 552:559 arg1 structure 592:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 1 25 theme several 147:153 arg1 refinements 155:165 several refinements 147:165 several refinements 147:165 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 14 26 from proliferation 1919:1931 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 26 from proliferation 1919:1931 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 26 from proliferation 1919:1931 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 11 27 dep controlled 1221:1230 arg1 whereas 1253:1259 whereas 1253:1259 whereas 1253:1259 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 11 28 theme microporous 1265:1275 arg1 structure 1277:1285 the microporous structure 1261:1285 the microporous structure 1261:1285 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 0 29 theme Tissue 75:80 arg1 Engineering 82:92 Bone Tissue Engineering 70:92 Bone Tissue Engineering 70:92 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 14 30 theme cell 1948:1951 arg1 phosphatase 1962:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase 1941:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×) 1941:1983 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 8 31 theme printing 999:1006 arg1 process 1008:1014 the 3D printing process 992:1014 the 3D printing process 992:1014 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 16 32 theme scaffolds 2205:2213 arg1 application 2142:2152 The application 2138:2152 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity 2138:2238 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 11 33 theme rough 1301:1305 arg1 morphology 1315:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 3 34 theme 3D 395:396 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 9 35 theme stable 1052:1057 arg1 geometry 1098:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 0 36 theme Multiscale 0:9 arg1 Porosity 11:18 Multiscale Porosity 0:18 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible 0:34 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 14 37 from level 1974:1978 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 37 from level 1974:1978 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 37 from level 1974:1978 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 38 theme phosphatase 1962:1972 arg1 2× 1981:1982 2× 1981:1982 2× 1981:1982 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 38 theme phosphatase 1962:1972 arg1 level 1974:1978 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level 1941:1978 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×) 1941:1983 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 9 39 theme large-sized 1075:1085 arg1 geometry 1098:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 3 40 theme gel 457:459 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 11 41 theme outer 1186:1190 arg1 shape 1192:1196 The outer shape 1182:1196 The outer shape 1182:1196 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 4 42 theme bioactive 538:546 arg1 scaffold 552:559 a bioactive gel scaffold 536:559 a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure 536:600 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 13 43 theme pore 1480:1483 arg1 distribution 1490:1501 The microporosity and pore size distribution 1458:1501 distribution 1490:1501 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 9 44 theme complex 1090:1096 arg1 geometry 1098:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 3 45 theme gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite 404:445 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 13 46 theme open 1629:1632 arg1 pores 1634:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 surface open pores 1621:1638 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 3 47 theme complex 477:483 arg1 shape 485:489 a complex shape 475:489 a complex shape 475:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 0 48 theme Printed 53:59 arg1 Gels 61:64 3D Printed Gels 50:64 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering 50:92 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 14 49 from mineralization 1990:2003 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 49 from mineralization 1990:2003 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 49 from mineralization 1990:2003 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 6 50 theme 3D 741:742 arg1 printing 744:751 3D printing 741:751 3D printing 741:751 The fabrication process developed here uses 3D printing in a local cryogenic atmosphere, followed by lyophilization and cross-linking. 31081613 1 51 theme regenerative 219:230 arg1 medicines 232:240 regenerative medicines 219:240 regenerative medicines 219:240 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 8 52 theme build 934:938 arg1 plate 940:944 the build plate 930:944 the build plate 930:944 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 15 53 theme small 2123:2127 arg1 opening 2129:2135 a small opening 2121:2135 a small opening 2121:2135 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 4 54 theme hierarchical 579:590 arg1 structure 592:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 a controlled hierarchical structure 566:600 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 13 55 theme size 1485:1488 arg1 distribution 1490:1501 The microporosity and pore size distribution 1458:1501 distribution 1490:1501 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 12 56 dep microporosity 1402:1414 arg1 % 1400:1400 % 1400:1400 % 1400:1400 With cryogenic 3D printing, up to 90% microporosity could be incorporated into the scaffolds. 31081613 14 57 theme microporosity 1747:1759 arg1 introduction 1726:1737 The introduction 1722:1737 The introduction of bulk microporosity 1722:1759 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 5 58 theme outer 632:636 arg1 shape 638:642 3D outer shape 629:642 3D outer shape to macroporosity 629:659 The hierarchy ranges from 3D outer shape to macroporosity to microporosity and rough surface. 31081613 2 59 theme desired 336:342 arg1 shape 344:348 the desired shape 332:348 the desired shape 332:348 However, it is still a challenge to 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size. 31081613 15 60 with cavities 2107:2114 arg1 opening 2129:2135 a small opening 2121:2135 a small opening 2121:2135 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 2 61 theme 3D 279:280 arg1 gels 288:291 3D print gels 279:291 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size 279:357 However, it is still a challenge to 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size. 31081613 14 62 from increase 1830:1837 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 62 from increase 1830:1837 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 62 from increase 1830:1837 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 8 63 theme gel 962:964 arg1 scaffold 966:973 the entire gel scaffold 951:973 the entire gel scaffold 951:973 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 16 64 with application 2142:2152 arg1 porosity 2231:2238 multiscale porosity 2220:2238 multiscale porosity 2220:2238 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 15 65 theme potential 2079:2087 arg1 implants 2089:2096 potential implants 2079:2096 potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening 2079:2135 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 12 66 theme 3D 1379:1380 arg1 printing 1382:1389 cryogenic 3D printing 1369:1389 cryogenic 3D printing 1369:1389 With cryogenic 3D printing, up to 90% microporosity could be incorporated into the scaffolds. 31081613 16 67 theme bone 2322:2325 arg1 defect 2327:2332 a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2271:2332 a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2251:2332 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 6 68 theme local 758:762 arg1 atmosphere 774:783 a local cryogenic atmosphere 756:783 a local cryogenic atmosphere 756:783 The fabrication process developed here uses 3D printing in a local cryogenic atmosphere, followed by lyophilization and cross-linking. 31081613 14 69 theme Saos-2 1890:1895 arg1 attachment 1902:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment 1890:1911 Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1890:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 14 69 theme Saos-2 1890:1895 arg1 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 2× 1914:1915 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 16 70 theme gel 2201:2203 arg1 scaffolds 2205:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 13 71 theme total 1552:1556 arg1 concentration 1566:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 1 72 theme devices 207:213 arg1 field 190:194 the field 186:194 the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines 186:240 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 14 73 theme mesenchymal 1863:1873 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 16 74 theme multiscale 2220:2229 arg1 porosity 2231:2238 multiscale porosity 2220:2238 multiscale porosity 2220:2238 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 16 75 theme patient-specific 2305:2320 arg1 defect 2327:2332 a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2271:2332 a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect 2251:2332 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 14 76 theme umbilical 1848:1856 arg1 cells 1880:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells 1842:1884 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 0 77 theme Bone 70:73 arg1 Engineering 82:92 Bone Tissue Engineering 70:92 Bone Tissue Engineering 70:92 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 13 78 theme cross-linker 1535:1546 arg1 concentration 1566:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 the cross-linker and total polymer concentration 1531:1578 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 16 79 theme compressible 2188:2199 arg1 scaffolds 2205:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 8 80 theme 3D 996:997 arg1 process 1008:1014 the 3D printing process 992:1014 the 3D printing process 992:1014 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 13 81 theme size 1643:1646 arg1 μm 1652:1653 size <20 μm 1643:1653 size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL 1643:1719 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 14 82 theme significant 1818:1828 arg1 increase 1830:1837 a significant increase 1816:1837 a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×) 1816:1916 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 0 83 from Porosity 11:18 arg1 Compressible 23:34 Compressible 23:34 Compressible 23:34 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 1 84 dep Three-dimensional 95:111 arg1 3D 114:115 3D 114:115 3D 114:115 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 15 85 theme wet 2051:2053 arg1 state 2055:2059 a wet state 2049:2059 a wet state 2049:2059 The scaffolds are spongy in nature in a wet state, thus making them potential implants for bone cavities with a small opening. 31081613 6 86 theme fabrication 701:711 arg1 process 713:719 The fabrication process 697:719 The fabrication process developed here 697:734 The fabrication process developed here uses 3D printing in a local cryogenic atmosphere, followed by lyophilization and cross-linking. 31081613 11 87 theme surface 1307:1313 arg1 morphology 1315:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 16 88 theme 3D 2177:2178 arg1 scaffolds 2205:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds 2157:2213 The application of these cryogenically 3D printed compressible gel scaffolds with multiscale porosity extends to a small- as well as a large-sized open/partially open patient-specific bone defect. 31081613 3 89 theme print 398:402 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 11 90 theme desirable 1291:1299 arg1 morphology 1315:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 desirable rough surface morphology 1291:1324 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 9 91 theme self-sustaining 1059:1073 arg1 geometry 1098:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 14 92 theme alkaline 1953:1960 arg1 phosphatase 1962:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase 1941:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×) 1941:1983 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 4 93 theme gel 548:550 arg1 scaffold 552:559 a bioactive gel scaffold 536:559 a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure 536:600 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 13 94 theme μm 1652:1653 arg1 times 1603:1607 six times 1599:1607 six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL 1599:1719 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 9 95 theme 3D 1087:1088 arg1 geometry 1098:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1050:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 0 96 theme 3D 50:51 arg1 Gels 61:64 3D Printed Gels 50:64 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering 50:92 Multiscale Porosity in Compressible Cryogenically 3D Printed Gels for Bone Tissue Engineering. 31081613 14 97 theme Saos-2 1941:1946 arg1 phosphatase 1962:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase 1941:1972 Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×) 1941:1983 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31081613 8 98 theme cooling 897:903 arg1 limited 919:925 limited 919:925 limited 919:925 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 8 98 theme cooling 897:903 arg1 action 905:910 The cooling action 893:910 The cooling action 893:910 The cooling action is not limited to the build plate, but the entire gel scaffold is cooled during the 3D printing process. 31081613 3 99 theme novel 379:383 arg1 method 385:390 a novel method 377:390 a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 377:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 4 100 theme study 514:518 arg1 objective 496:504 The objective 492:504 The objective of this study 492:518 The objective of this study is to fabricate a bioactive gel scaffold with a controlled hierarchical structure. 31081613 9 101 theme geometry 1098:1105 arg1 construction 1034:1045 the construction 1030:1045 the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry 1030:1105 This enables the construction of a stable self-sustaining large-sized 3D complex geometry. 31081613 3 102 theme composite 447:455 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 10 103 theme bulk 1143:1146 arg1 microporosity 1148:1160 bulk microporosity 1143:1160 bulk microporosity 1143:1160 Further, lyophilization introduces bulk microporosity into the scaffolds. 31081613 13 104 theme cross-linker 1673:1684 arg1 concentration 1686:1698 the cross-linker concentration 1669:1698 the cross-linker concentration 1669:1698 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 3 105 theme shape 485:489 arg1 constructs 461:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs 395:470 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape 395:489 Here, we present a novel method to 3D print gelatin/carboxymethylchitin/hydroxyapatite composite gel constructs of a complex shape. 31081613 13 106 dep times 1603:1607 arg1 increase 1609:1616 increase 1609:1616 six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL 1599:1719 The microporosity and pore size distribution were controlled by changing the cross-linker and total polymer concentration, which resulted in six times increase in surface open pores of size <20 μm on increasing the cross-linker concentration from 25 to 100 mg/mL. 31081613 11 107 theme 3D 1241:1242 arg1 printer 1244:1250 the 3D printer 1237:1250 the 3D printer 1237:1250 The outer shape and macroporosity were controlled with the 3D printer, whereas the microporous structure and desirable rough surface morphology were obtained through lyophilization. 31081613 2 108 theme complex 306:312 arg1 constructs 314:323 complex constructs 306:323 complex constructs as per the desired shape and size 306:357 However, it is still a challenge to 3D print gels for building complex constructs as per the desired shape and size. 31081613 1 109 theme medicines 232:240 arg1 field 190:194 the field 186:194 the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines 186:240 Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen several refinements when introduced in the field of medical devices and regenerative medicines. 31081613 12 110 dep % 1400:1400 arg1 90 1398:1399 90 1398:1399 90 1398:1399 With cryogenic 3D printing, up to 90% microporosity could be incorporated into the scaffolds. 31081613 7 111 theme cold 881:884 arg1 plate 886:890 the cold plate 877:890 the cold plate 877:890 The gel instantly freezes after extrusion on the cold plate. 31081613 14 112 theme bulk 1742:1745 arg1 microporosity 1747:1759 bulk microporosity 1742:1759 bulk microporosity 1742:1759 The introduction of bulk microporosity was shown to increase swelling by 1.8 times along with a significant increase in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and Saos-2 cell attachment (2×), proliferation (2.4×), Saos-2 cell alkaline phosphatase level (2×), and mineralization (3×). 31220490 2 0 theme copper 443:448 arg1 ions 450:453 copper ions 443:453 copper ions (Cu2+) 443:460 To evaluate the adsorption characteristics, the as-prepared samples were applied to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution. 31220490 2 0 theme copper 443:448 arg1 Cu2+ 456:459 Cu2+ 456:459 Cu2+ 456:459 To evaluate the adsorption characteristics, the as-prepared samples were applied to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution. 31220490 1 1 theme locking 302:308 arg1 imine 310:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine 282:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 282:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 1 theme locking 302:308 arg1 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 2 theme novel 136:140 arg1 strategy 152:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy 134:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time 134:349 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 7 3 theme based 1294:1298 arg1 composites 1300:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites 1263:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups 1263:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 1 4 theme composites 220:229 arg1 preparation 165:175 preparation 165:175 preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 165:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 5 theme imine 310:314 arg1 reaction 323:330 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 282:330 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 282:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 5 6 theme chitosan-coated 972:986 arg1 composites 993:1002 chitosan-coated CNTs composites 972:1002 chitosan-coated CNTs composites 972:1002 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 5 7 theme composites 993:1002 arg1 surface 961:967 the surface 957:967 the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites 957:1002 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 2 8 theme aqueous 467:473 arg1 solution 475:482 aqueous solution 467:482 aqueous solution 467:482 To evaluate the adsorption characteristics, the as-prepared samples were applied to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution. 31220490 6 9 theme maximum 1135:1141 arg1 capacity 1164:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1133:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g 1133:1186 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 7 10 theme various 1316:1322 arg1 groups 1335:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 4 11 theme adsorption 758:767 arg1 capacity 769:776 adsorption capacity 758:776 adsorption capacity of the composites 758:794 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 4 12 theme fast 707:710 arg1 kinetics 712:719 fast kinetics 707:719 fast kinetics 707:719 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 3 13 from effects 489:495 arg1 adsorption 577:586 the adsorption 573:586 the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 573:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 0 14 theme Cu2+ 94:97 arg1 removal 99:105 Cu2+ removal 94:105 Cu2+ removal 94:105 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 5 15 theme spontaneous 893:903 arg1 nature 921:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature 891:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ 891:952 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 5 16 theme Adsorption 843:852 arg1 kinetics 854:861 Adsorption kinetics 843:861 Adsorption kinetics 843:861 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 5 17 theme pseudo-second-order 1028:1046 arg1 model 1048:1052 the pseudo-second-order model 1024:1052 the pseudo-second-order model 1024:1052 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 6 18 theme isotherm 1112:1119 arg1 model 1121:1125 the Langmuir isotherm model 1099:1125 the Langmuir isotherm model 1099:1125 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 7 19 theme nanomaterials 1280:1292 arg1 composites 1300:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites 1263:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups 1263:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 1 20 theme one-pot 143:149 arg1 strategy 152:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy 134:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time 134:349 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 21 theme reaction 323:330 arg1 combination 237:247 a combination 235:247 a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 235:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 5 22 theme endothermic 909:919 arg1 nature 921:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature 891:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ 891:952 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 7 23 theme different 1380:1388 arg1 catalysis 1419:1427 environmental catalysis 1405:1427 environmental catalysis 1405:1427 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 7 23 theme different 1380:1388 arg1 fields 1390:1395 different fields 1380:1395 different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine 1380:1443 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 7 23 theme different 1380:1388 arg1 biomedicine 1433:1443 biomedicine 1433:1443 biomedicine 1433:1443 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 1 24 theme " 150:150 arg1 strategy 152:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy 134:159 a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time 134:349 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 2 25 theme as-prepared 400:410 arg1 samples 412:418 the as-prepared samples 396:418 the as-prepared samples 396:418 To evaluate the adsorption characteristics, the as-prepared samples were applied to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution. 31220490 7 26 theme environmental 1405:1417 arg1 catalysis 1419:1427 environmental catalysis 1405:1427 environmental catalysis 1405:1427 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 4 27 theme composites 785:794 arg1 capacity 769:776 adsorption capacity 758:776 adsorption capacity of the composites 758:794 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 3 28 theme time 508:511 arg1 effects 489:495 The effects 485:495 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 485:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 7 29 theme extensive 1204:1212 arg1 applicability 1214:1226 the extensive applicability 1200:1226 the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction 1200:1260 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 7 30 theme reaction 1253:1260 arg1 applicability 1214:1226 the extensive applicability 1200:1226 the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction 1200:1260 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 7 31 theme DA 1231:1232 arg1 chemistry 1234:1242 DA chemistry 1231:1242 DA chemistry 1231:1242 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 0 32 theme nanotubes 28:36 arg1 Functionalization 0:16 Functionalization 0:16 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan 0:50 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 1 33 theme Diels-Alder 252:262 arg1 reaction 269:276 Diels-Alder (DA) reaction 252:276 Diels-Alder (DA) reaction 252:276 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 4 34 theme CNTs 837:840 arg1 times 814:818 2 times 812:818 2 times that of pristine CNTs 812:840 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 6 35 theme adsorption 1153:1162 arg1 capacity 1164:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1133:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g 1133:1186 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 6 36 theme 115.84 mg/g 1176:1186 arg1 capacity 1164:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1133:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g 1133:1186 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 2 37 theme adsorption 368:377 arg1 characteristics 379:393 the adsorption characteristics 364:393 the adsorption characteristics 364:393 To evaluate the adsorption characteristics, the as-prepared samples were applied to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution. 31220490 0 38 theme carbon 21:26 arg1 nanotubes 28:36 carbon nanotubes 21:36 carbon nanotubes 21:36 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 4 39 theme pristine 828:835 arg1 CNTs 837:840 pristine CNTs 828:840 pristine CNTs 828:840 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 4 40 dep times 814:818 arg1 that 820:823 that 820:823 that 820:823 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 3 41 theme contact 500:506 arg1 time 508:511 contact time 500:511 contact time 500:511 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 7 42 theme MALI 1248:1251 arg1 reaction 1253:1260 MALI reaction 1248:1260 MALI reaction 1248:1260 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 7 43 theme chemistry 1234:1242 arg1 applicability 1214:1226 the extensive applicability 1200:1226 the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction 1200:1260 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 1 44 theme DA 265:266 arg1 reaction 269:276 Diels-Alder (DA) reaction 252:276 Diels-Alder (DA) reaction 252:276 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 45 theme first 340:344 arg1 time 346:349 the first time 336:349 the first time 336:349 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 5 46 theme adsorption 935:944 arg1 nature 921:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature 891:926 a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ 891:952 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 1 47 theme chitosan-coated 180:194 arg1 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 47 theme chitosan-coated 180:194 arg1 composites 220:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 7 48 theme different 1263:1271 arg1 composites 1300:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites 1263:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups 1263:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 3 49 theme temperature 527:537 arg1 effects 489:495 The effects 485:495 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 485:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 7 50 theme functional 1324:1333 arg1 groups 1335:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 1 51 theme carbon 196:201 arg1 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 51 theme carbon 196:201 arg1 composites 220:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 52 theme reaction 269:276 arg1 combination 237:247 a combination 235:247 a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 235:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 7 53 with composites 1300:1309 arg1 groups 1335:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 various functional groups 1316:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 3 54 theme solution 514:521 arg1 pH 523:524 solution pH 514:524 solution pH 514:524 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 6 55 theme monolayer 1143:1151 arg1 capacity 1164:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1133:1171 a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g 1133:1186 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 4 56 theme chitosan 648:655 arg1 composites 671:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 3 57 theme pH 523:524 arg1 effects 489:495 The effects 485:495 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 485:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 7 58 theme applicability 1214:1226 arg1 view 1192:1195 view 1192:1195 view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction 1192:1260 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 4 59 theme ions 748:751 arg1 adsorption 729:738 the adsorption 725:738 the adsorption of Cu2+ ions 725:751 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 1 60 theme mercaptoacetic 282:295 arg1 imine 310:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine 282:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 282:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 60 theme mercaptoacetic 282:295 arg1 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 5 61 theme Cu2+ 949:952 arg1 adsorption 935:944 the adsorption 931:944 the adsorption of Cu2+ 931:952 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 3 62 theme as-prepared 605:615 arg1 samples 617:623 the as-prepared samples 601:623 the as-prepared samples 601:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 3 63 theme Cu2+ 551:554 arg1 concentration 556:568 initial Cu2+ concentration 543:568 initial Cu2+ concentration 543:568 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 0 64 with Functionalization 0:16 arg1 chitosan 43:50 chitosan 43:50 chitosan 43:50 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 4 65 theme CNTs 666:669 arg1 composites 671:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 6 66 theme Equilibrium 1055:1065 arg1 data 1067:1070 Equilibrium data 1055:1070 Equilibrium data 1055:1070 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 1 67 theme nanotubes 203:211 arg1 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 CNTs 214:217 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 67 theme nanotubes 203:211 arg1 composites 220:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites 180:229 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 6 68 theme Langmuir 1103:1110 arg1 model 1121:1125 the Langmuir isotherm model 1099:1125 the Langmuir isotherm model 1099:1125 Equilibrium data could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 115.84 mg/g. 31220490 3 69 theme Cu2+ 591:594 arg1 adsorption 577:586 the adsorption 573:586 the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 573:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 3 70 theme concentration 556:568 arg1 effects 489:495 The effects 485:495 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples 485:623 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 4 71 theme high 689:692 arg1 affinity 694:701 high affinity 689:701 high affinity 689:701 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 4 72 theme modified 657:664 arg1 composites 671:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites 644:680 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 0 73 theme multicomponent 66:79 arg1 reaction 81:88 MALI multicomponent reaction 61:88 MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal 61:105 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 5 74 theme CNTs 988:991 arg1 composites 993:1002 chitosan-coated CNTs composites 972:1002 chitosan-coated CNTs composites 972:1002 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 31220490 4 75 theme Cu2+ 743:746 arg1 ions 748:751 Cu2+ ions 743:751 Cu2+ ions 743:751 The chitosan modified CNTs composites showed high affinity and fast kinetics for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions, and adsorption capacity of the composites was found to be 2 times that of pristine CNTs. 31220490 7 76 theme carbon 1273:1278 arg1 composites 1300:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites 1263:1309 different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups 1263:1340 In view of the extensive applicability of DA chemistry and MALI reaction, different carbon nanomaterials based composites with various functional groups could be fabricated and applicable to different fields such as environmental catalysis and biomedicine. 31220490 0 77 theme MALI 61:64 arg1 reaction 81:88 MALI multicomponent reaction 61:88 MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal 61:105 Functionalization of carbon nanotubes with chitosan based on MALI multicomponent reaction for Cu2+ removal. 31220490 1 78 theme acid 297:300 arg1 imine 310:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine 282:314 mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction 282:330 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 1 78 theme acid 297:300 arg1 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 MALI 317:320 In this work, we reported a novel "one-pot" strategy for preparation of chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites via a combination of Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and mercaptoacetic acid locking imine (MALI) reaction for the first time. 31220490 3 79 theme initial 543:549 arg1 concentration 556:568 initial Cu2+ concentration 543:568 initial Cu2+ concentration 543:568 The effects of contact time, solution pH, temperature and initial Cu2+ concentration on the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the as-prepared samples were investigated. 31220490 5 80 dep indicated 881:889 arg1 obeyed 1017:1022 obeyed 1017:1022 obeyed the pseudo-second-order model 1017:1052 Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic indicated a spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption of Cu2+ on the surface of chitosan-coated CNTs composites, kinetically obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. 29476824 7 0 theme O-linked 1269:1276 arg1 glycans 1278:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 4 1 theme putative 743:750 arg1 members 752:758 only three putative members 732:758 only three putative members 732:758 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 2 2 theme drugs 395:399 arg1 development 365:375 the development 361:375 the development of new antifungal drugs 361:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 1 3 theme worldwide 259:267 arg1 distribution 269:280 worldwide distribution 259:280 worldwide distribution 259:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 6 4 theme members 963:969 arg1 role 930:933 the functional role 915:933 the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways 915:1023 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 5 theme family 956:961 arg1 KTR5 981:984 KTR5 981:984 KTR5 981:984 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 5 theme family 956:961 arg1 KTR4 972:975 KTR4 972:975 KTR4 972:975 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 5 theme family 956:961 arg1 members 963:969 the two remaining family members 938:969 the two remaining family members 938:969 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 6 from complementation 1047:1061 arg1 mutants 1078:1084 C. albicans mutants 1066:1084 C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family 1066:1122 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 2 7 theme antifungal 384:393 arg1 drugs 395:399 new antifungal drugs 380:399 new antifungal drugs 380:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 8 8 with member 1353:1358 arg1 role 1367:1370 a role 1365:1370 a role in O-linked glycan elaboration 1365:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 6 9 theme remaining 946:954 arg1 KTR5 981:984 KTR5 981:984 KTR5 981:984 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 9 theme remaining 946:954 arg1 KTR4 972:975 KTR4 972:975 KTR4 972:975 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 6 9 theme remaining 946:954 arg1 members 963:969 the two remaining family members 938:969 the two remaining family members 938:969 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 8 10 link N-linked 1481:1488 arg1 synthesis 1497:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 8 11 theme glycan 1384:1389 arg1 elaboration 1391:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 4 12 theme Candida 638:644 arg1 albicans 646:653 Candida albicans 638:653 Candida albicans 638:653 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 6 13 from role 930:933 arg1 pathways 1016:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 8 14 theme O-linked 1375:1382 arg1 elaboration 1391:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 7 15 theme glycans 1200:1206 arg1 elaboration 1176:1186 the elaboration 1172:1186 the elaboration of N-linked glycans 1172:1206 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 2 16 theme biosynthetic 313:324 arg1 molecules 299:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 16 theme biosynthetic 313:324 arg1 pathways 326:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 16 theme biosynthetic 313:324 arg1 targets 349:355 potential targets 339:355 potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs 339:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 0 17 theme glycosylation 117:129 arg1 pathway 131:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 8 18 contain have 1437:1440 arg1 members 1429:1435 the three family members 1412:1435 the three family members 1412:1435 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 8 18 contain have 1437:1440 arg2 activity 1452:1459 redundant activity 1442:1459 redundant activity 1442:1459 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 1 19 theme causative 175:183 arg1 agents 185:190 the causative agents 171:190 the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 171:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 0 20 theme N-linked 108:115 arg1 pathway 131:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 6 21 theme heterologous 1034:1045 arg1 complementation 1047:1061 heterologous complementation 1034:1061 heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family 1034:1122 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 5 22 theme O-linked 869:876 arg1 glycans 878:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 MNT1 has been previously characterized as an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans. 29476824 1 23 theme agents 185:190 arg1 one 164:166 one 164:166 one 164:166 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 1 23 theme agents 185:190 arg1 agents 185:190 the causative agents 171:190 the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 171:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 4 24 theme S. schenckii 703:714 arg1 genome 716:721 the S. schenckii genome 699:721 the S. schenckii genome 699:721 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 7 25 link O-linked 1269:1276 arg1 glycans 1278:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 6 26 theme family 1117:1122 arg1 genes 1094:1098 genes 1094:1098 genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family 1094:1122 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 0 27 theme Functional 0:9 arg1 characterization 11:26 Functional characterization 0:26 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5 0:68 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 6 28 theme glycosylation 1002:1014 arg1 pathways 1016:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 7 29 theme S. schenckii 1133:1144 arg1 genes 1146:1150 The two S. schenckii genes 1125:1150 The two S. schenckii genes 1125:1150 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 6 30 theme MNT1/KRE2 1107:1115 arg1 family 1117:1122 the MNT1/KRE2 family 1103:1122 the MNT1/KRE2 family 1103:1122 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 3 31 theme MNT1/KRE2 406:414 arg1 family 421:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 31 theme MNT1/KRE2 406:414 arg1 group 433:437 a group 431:437 a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 431:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 31 theme MNT1/KRE2 406:414 arg1 genes 442:446 genes 442:446 genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 442:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 6 32 theme protein 994:1000 arg1 pathways 1016:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 the protein glycosylation pathways 990:1023 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 2 33 theme potential 339:347 arg1 molecules 299:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 33 theme potential 339:347 arg1 pathways 326:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 33 theme potential 339:347 arg1 targets 349:355 potential targets 339:355 potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs 339:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 1 34 theme deep-seated 199:209 arg1 infection 244:252 a fungal infection 235:252 a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 235:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 1 34 theme deep-seated 199:209 arg1 sporotrichosis 219:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 3 35 theme gene 416:419 arg1 family 421:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 35 theme gene 416:419 arg1 group 433:437 a group 431:437 a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 431:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 35 theme gene 416:419 arg1 genes 442:446 genes 442:446 genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 442:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 36 link N-linked 562:569 arg1 glycans 571:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 6 37 theme functional 919:928 arg1 role 930:933 the functional role 915:933 the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways 915:1023 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 3 38 theme N-linked 562:569 arg1 glycans 571:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 1 39 theme mycosis 211:217 arg1 infection 244:252 a fungal infection 235:252 a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 235:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 1 39 theme mycosis 211:217 arg1 sporotrichosis 219:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 0 40 theme schenckii 46:54 arg1 characterization 11:26 Functional characterization 0:26 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5 0:68 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 8 41 link O-linked 1375:1382 arg1 elaboration 1391:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 8 42 theme glycan 1490:1495 arg1 synthesis 1497:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 1 43 theme sporotrichosis 219:232 arg1 agents 185:190 the causative agents 171:190 the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 171:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 0 44 theme Sporothrix 35:44 arg1 schenckii 46:54 the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5 31:68 schenckii 46:54 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 7 45 from defects 1161:1167 arg1 elaboration 1176:1186 the elaboration 1172:1186 the elaboration of N-linked glycans 1172:1206 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 3 46 theme genes 442:446 arg1 family 421:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family 402:426 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 46 theme genes 442:446 arg1 group 433:437 a group 431:437 a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 431:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 46 theme genes 442:446 arg1 mannosyltransferases 491:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases 460:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 460:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 46 theme genes 442:446 arg1 genes 442:446 genes 442:446 genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 442:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 5 47 link N-linked 856:863 arg1 glycans 878:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 MNT1 has been previously characterized as an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans. 29476824 5 48 theme glycans 878:884 arg1 synthesis 838:846 the synthesis 834:846 the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans 834:884 MNT1 has been previously characterized as an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans. 29476824 7 49 link N-linked 1191:1198 arg1 glycans 1200:1206 N-linked glycans 1191:1206 N-linked glycans 1191:1206 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 3 50 theme fungus-specific 460:474 arg1 mannosyltransferases 491:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases 460:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 460:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 50 theme fungus-specific 460:474 arg1 genes 442:446 genes 442:446 genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 442:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 0 51 dep schenckii 46:54 arg1 Ktr4 56:59 Ktr4 56:59 Ktr4 56:59 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 2 52 theme new 380:382 arg1 drugs 395:399 new antifungal drugs 380:399 new antifungal drugs 380:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 5 53 theme N-linked 856:863 arg1 glycans 878:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 MNT1 has been previously characterized as an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans. 29476824 4 54 contain contains 723:730 arg1 genome 716:721 the S. schenckii genome 699:721 the S. schenckii genome 699:721 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 4 54 contain contains 723:730 arg2 members 752:758 only three putative members 732:758 only three putative members 732:758 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 8 55 theme redundant 1442:1450 arg1 activity 1452:1459 redundant activity 1442:1459 redundant activity 1442:1459 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 7 56 theme truncated 1259:1267 arg1 glycans 1278:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 truncated O-linked glycans 1259:1284 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 3 57 theme O-linked 549:556 arg1 glycans 571:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 8 58 theme S. schenckii 1468:1479 arg1 synthesis 1497:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 7 59 theme N-linked 1191:1198 arg1 glycans 1200:1206 N-linked glycans 1191:1206 N-linked glycans 1191:1206 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 8 60 dep member 1353:1358 arg1 whereas 1404:1410 whereas 1404:1410 whereas 1404:1410 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 2 61 theme Fungus-specific 283:297 arg1 molecules 299:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules 283:307 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 61 theme Fungus-specific 283:297 arg1 pathways 326:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 biosynthetic pathways 313:333 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 2 61 theme Fungus-specific 283:297 arg1 targets 349:355 potential targets 339:355 potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs 339:399 Fungus-specific molecules and biosynthetic pathways are potential targets for the development of new antifungal drugs. 29476824 6 62 theme C. albicans 1066:1076 arg1 mutants 1078:1084 C. albicans mutants 1066:1084 C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family 1066:1122 Here, we aimed to establish the functional role of the two remaining family members, KTR4 and KTR5, in the protein glycosylation pathways by using heterologous complementation in C. albicans mutants lacking genes of the MNT1/KRE2 family. 29476824 1 63 theme Sporothrix 140:149 arg1 schenckii 151:159 Sporothrix schenckii 140:159 Sporothrix schenckii 140:159 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 8 64 theme family 1422:1427 arg1 members 1429:1435 the three family members 1412:1435 the three family members 1412:1435 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 4 65 from members 627:633 arg1 albicans 646:653 Candida albicans 638:653 Candida albicans 638:653 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 4 65 from members 627:633 arg1 cerevisiae 673:682 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 659:682 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 659:682 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 29476824 3 66 link O-linked 549:556 arg1 glycans 571:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 O-linked and N-linked glycans 549:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 8 67 from role 1367:1370 arg1 elaboration 1391:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 O-linked glycan elaboration 1375:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 1 68 with infection 244:252 arg1 distribution 269:280 worldwide distribution 259:280 worldwide distribution 259:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 8 69 theme sole 1348:1351 arg1 member 1353:1358 the sole member 1344:1358 the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration 1344:1401 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 8 69 theme sole 1348:1351 arg1 MNT1 1336:1339 MNT1 1336:1339 MNT1 1336:1339 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 1 70 theme fungal 237:242 arg1 infection 244:252 a fungal infection 235:252 a fungal infection with worldwide distribution 235:280 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 1 70 theme fungal 237:242 arg1 sporotrichosis 219:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis 195:232 Sporothrix schenckii is one of the causative agents of the deep-seated mycosis sporotrichosis, a fungal infection with worldwide distribution. 29476824 8 71 theme N-linked 1481:1488 arg1 synthesis 1497:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis 1464:1505 Therefore, our results suggest that MNT1 is the sole member with a role in O-linked glycan elaboration, whereas the three family members have redundant activity in the S. schenckii N-linked glycan synthesis. 29476824 0 72 link N-linked 108:115 arg1 pathway 131:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 the N-linked glycosylation pathway 104:137 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 3 73 theme glycans 571:577 arg1 synthesis 536:544 the synthesis 532:544 the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 532:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 74 theme Golgi-resident 476:489 arg1 mannosyltransferases 491:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases 460:510 fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 460:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 3 74 theme Golgi-resident 476:489 arg1 genes 442:446 genes 442:446 genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans 442:577 The MNT1/KRE2 gene family is a group of genes that encode fungus-specific Golgi-resident mannosyltransferases that participate in the synthesis of O-linked and N-linked glycans. 29476824 0 75 theme Ktr5 65:68 arg1 characterization 11:26 Functional characterization 0:26 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5 0:68 Functional characterization of the Sporothrix schenckii Ktr4 and Ktr5, mannosyltransferases involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. 29476824 7 76 theme mutants 1235:1241 arg1 complementation 1216:1230 no complementation 1213:1230 no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans 1213:1284 The two S. schenckii genes restored defects in the elaboration of N-linked glycans, but no complementation of mutants that synthesize truncated O-linked glycans was observed. 29476824 5 77 link O-linked 869:876 arg1 glycans 878:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 both N-linked and O-linked glycans 851:884 MNT1 has been previously characterized as an enzyme that participates in the synthesis of both N-linked and O-linked glycans. 29476824 4 78 theme Saccharomyces 659:671 arg1 cerevisiae 673:682 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 659:682 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 659:682 While this family is composed of five and nine members in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively, the S. schenckii genome contains only three putative members. 30955593 6 0 theme adlay 924:928 arg1 starch 930:935 adlay starch 924:935 adlay starch 924:935 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 6 1 theme interaction 1017:1027 arg1 enhancement 990:1000 the enhancement 986:1000 the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels 986:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 2 2 theme storage 376:382 arg1 modulus 384:390 higher storage modulus G' 369:393 higher storage modulus G' 369:393 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 0 3 theme rheological 62:72 arg1 properties 89:98 rheological and structural properties 62:98 rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 62:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 2 4 theme higher 369:374 arg1 modulus 384:390 higher storage modulus G' 369:393 higher storage modulus G' 369:393 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 6 5 theme hydrogen 958:965 arg1 bonding 967:973 hydrogen bonding 958:973 hydrogen bonding 958:973 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 4 6 theme gluten 598:603 arg1 gel 613:615 gluten protein gel 598:615 gluten protein gel 598:615 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 1 7 from Effects 165:171 arg1 changes 227:233 the rheological and conformational changes 192:233 the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel 192:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 2 8 theme Rheological 288:298 arg1 measurement 300:310 Rheological measurement 288:310 Rheological measurement 288:310 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 4 9 theme surface 572:578 arg1 hydrophobicity 580:593 the surface hydrophobicity 568:593 the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel 568:615 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 0 10 theme structural 78:87 arg1 properties 89:98 rheological and structural properties 62:98 rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 62:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 3 11 theme morphological 486:498 arg1 analysis 500:507 morphological analysis 486:507 morphological analysis 486:507 This result was also confirmed through morphological analysis. 30955593 0 12 theme gluten 103:108 arg1 gel 110:112 gluten gel 103:112 gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 103:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 4 13 theme gel 613:615 arg1 hydrophobicity 580:593 the surface hydrophobicity 568:593 the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel 568:615 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 5 14 theme adlay 841:845 arg1 fraction 854:861 adlay starch fraction 841:861 adlay starch fraction 841:861 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 2 15 theme modulus 404:410 arg1 G″ 412:413 loss modulus G″ 399:413 loss modulus G″ 399:413 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 0 16 from Effects 35:41 arg1 properties 89:98 rheological and structural properties 62:98 rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 62:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 6 17 theme rheological 1080:1090 arg1 properties 1107:1116 the rheological and structural properties 1076:1116 the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels 1076:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 1 18 theme adlay 176:180 arg1 starch 182:187 adlay starch 176:187 adlay starch 176:187 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 0 19 theme starch-gluten 6:18 arg1 gel 30:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel 0:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 0:163 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 2 20 theme adlay 324:328 arg1 gels 354:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 6 21 theme gluten 1039:1044 arg1 association 1054:1064 gluten protein association 1039:1064 gluten protein association 1039:1064 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 1 22 theme starch 182:187 arg1 Effects 165:171 Effects 165:171 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel 165:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 0 23 theme Adlay 0:4 arg1 gel 30:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel 0:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 0:163 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 6 24 theme gels 1136:1139 arg1 properties 1107:1116 the rheological and structural properties 1076:1116 the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels 1076:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 5 25 theme starch 847:852 arg1 fraction 854:861 adlay starch fraction 841:861 adlay starch fraction 841:861 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 4 26 theme 0 557:557 arg1 % 558:558 % 558:558 % 558:558 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 5 27 theme protein 761:767 arg1 gel 769:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 6 28 theme protein 1046:1052 arg1 association 1054:1064 gluten protein association 1039:1064 gluten protein association 1039:1064 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 2 29 theme pure 429:432 arg1 gels 441:444 pure gluten gels 429:444 pure gluten gels 429:444 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 0 30 theme composite 20:28 arg1 gel 30:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel 0:32 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 0:163 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 4 31 theme 40 563:564 arg1 % 558:558 % 558:558 % 558:558 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 0 32 theme gel 110:112 arg1 properties 89:98 rheological and structural properties 62:98 rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 62:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 6 33 theme gluten 1121:1126 arg1 gels 1136:1139 gluten protein gels 1121:1139 gluten protein gels 1121:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 1 34 theme rheological 196:206 arg1 changes 227:233 the rheological and conformational changes 192:233 the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel 192:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 6 35 theme hydrophobic 1005:1015 arg1 interaction 1017:1027 hydrophobic interaction 1005:1027 hydrophobic interaction 1005:1027 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 5 36 theme α-helical 805:813 arg1 structure 815:823 the α-helical structure 801:823 the α-helical structure 801:823 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 5 37 theme gluten 754:759 arg1 gel 769:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 4 38 theme starch 535:540 arg1 addition 517:524 the addition 513:524 the addition of adlay starch 513:540 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 0 39 theme molecular 117:125 arg1 characteristics 148:162 molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 117:162 molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 117:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 4 40 theme protein 605:611 arg1 gel 613:615 gluten protein gel 598:615 gluten protein gel 598:615 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 1 41 theme conformational 212:225 arg1 changes 227:233 the rheological and conformational changes 192:233 the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel 192:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 0 42 theme adlay 46:50 arg1 starch 52:57 adlay starch 46:57 adlay starch 46:57 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 4 43 theme adlay 529:533 arg1 starch 535:540 adlay starch 529:540 adlay starch 529:540 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 5 44 theme β-sheet 729:735 arg1 structure 737:745 the β-sheet structure 725:745 the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel 725:771 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 4 45 dep % 558:558 arg1 to 560:561 to 560:561 to 560:561 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 0 46 theme physico-chemical 131:146 arg1 characteristics 148:162 molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 117:162 molecular and physico-chemical characteristics 117:162 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 5 47 from structure 737:745 arg1 gel 769:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 the gluten protein gel 750:771 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 1 48 from changes 227:233 arg1 gel 251:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 0 49 dep gel 30:32 arg1 Effects 35:41 Effects 35:41 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 0:163 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 2 50 theme composite 344:352 arg1 gels 354:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 6 51 theme protein 1128:1134 arg1 gels 1136:1139 gluten protein gels 1121:1139 gluten protein gels 1121:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 2 52 theme starch-gluten 330:342 arg1 gels 354:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 adlay starch-gluten composite gels 324:357 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 6 53 theme structural 1096:1105 arg1 properties 1107:1116 the rheological and structural properties 1076:1116 the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels 1076:1139 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 5 54 theme structure 815:823 arg1 expense 790:796 the expense 786:796 the expense of the α-helical structure 786:823 In addition, the β-sheet structure in the gluten protein gel increased at the expense of the α-helical structure with increasing adlay starch fraction. 30955593 4 55 dep 11,931 642:647 arg1 to 639:640 to 639:640 to 639:640 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 4 56 theme thiol 662:666 arg1 content 668:674 the free thiol content 653:674 the free thiol content 653:674 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 2 57 theme loss 399:402 arg1 G″ 412:413 loss modulus G″ 399:413 loss modulus G″ 399:413 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 1 58 theme wheat 238:242 arg1 gel 251:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 30955593 0 59 theme starch 52:57 arg1 Effects 35:41 Effects 35:41 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 0:163 Adlay starch-gluten composite gel: Effects of adlay starch on rheological and structural properties of gluten gel to molecular and physico-chemical characteristics. 30955593 2 60 theme gluten 434:439 arg1 gels 441:444 pure gluten gels 429:444 pure gluten gels 429:444 Rheological measurement showed that adlay starch-gluten composite gels exhibited higher storage modulus G' and loss modulus G″ compared with pure gluten gels. 30955593 4 61 theme free 657:660 arg1 thiol 662:666 the free thiol 653:666 the free thiol content 653:674 As the addition of adlay starch increased from 0% to 40%, the surface hydrophobicity of gluten protein gel decreased from 16,660 to 11,931 and the free thiol content increased from 3.11 to 4.30 µmol/g. 30955593 6 62 theme inert 910:914 arg1 filler 916:921 an inert filler 907:921 an inert filler 907:921 This study revealed that besides acting as an inert filler, adlay starch could participate in hydrogen bonding and induce the enhancement of hydrophobic interaction to modify gluten protein association, altering the rheological and structural properties of gluten protein gels. 30955593 1 63 theme gluten 244:249 arg1 gel 251:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 wheat gluten gel 238:253 Effects of adlay starch on the rheological and conformational changes in wheat gluten gel were investigated in this study. 31136604 0 0 theme disc 150:153 arg1 herniation 155:164 intervertebral disc herniation 135:164 intervertebral disc herniation 135:164 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 8 1 theme intact 1613:1618 arg1 levels 1620:1625 intact levels 1613:1625 intact levels 1613:1625 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 9 2 with repair 1866:1871 arg1 biomaterials 1902:1913 these tissue engineered biomaterials 1878:1913 these tissue engineered biomaterials 1878:1913 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 0 3 theme varying 171:177 arg1 severity 186:193 varying injury severity 171:193 varying injury severity 171:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 6 4 with models 1312:1317 arg1 types 1342:1346 varying AF defect types 1324:1346 varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) 1324:1388 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 4 with models 1312:1317 arg1 volume 1405:1410 NP removal volume 1394:1410 NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1394:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 5 theme defect 1335:1340 arg1 types 1342:1346 varying AF defect types 1324:1346 varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) 1324:1388 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 4 6 theme 20 914:915 arg1 % 916:916 % 916:916 % 916:916 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 8 7 theme closer 1603:1608 arg1 values 1562:1567 mean values 1557:1567 mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels 1557:1625 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 7 8 theme simulated 1427:1435 arg1 defects 1448:1454 All simulated discectomy defects 1423:1454 All simulated discectomy defects 1423:1454 All simulated discectomy defects significantly compromised failure strength and biomechanical properties. 31136604 6 9 theme injury 1305:1310 arg1 models 1312:1317 additional discectomy injury models 1283:1317 additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1283:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 4 10 theme mm 892:893 arg1 defect 902:907 4 mm biopsy defect 890:907 4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed 890:927 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 0 11 theme intervertebral 135:148 arg1 herniation 155:164 intervertebral disc herniation 135:164 intervertebral disc herniation 135:164 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 6 12 theme additional 1283:1292 arg1 models 1312:1317 additional discectomy injury models 1283:1317 additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1283:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 3 13 theme NP 589:590 arg1 properties 599:608 NP and AF properties 589:608 NP and AF properties 589:608 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 8 14 theme 0 1706:1706 arg1 % 1707:1707 % 1707:1707 % 1707:1707 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 6 15 theme AF 1332:1333 arg1 types 1342:1346 varying AF defect types 1324:1346 varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) 1324:1388 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 5 16 contain had 962:964 arg1 FibGen 931:936 FibGen 931:936 FibGen with and without CMC-MC 931:960 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 5 16 contain had 962:964 arg2 strength 974:981 failure strength 966:981 failure strength similar to discectomy injury 966:1010 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 4 17 theme caudal 640:645 arg1 IVDs 647:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 6 18 theme 4 1362:1362 arg1 mm 1364:1365 mm 1364:1365 mm 1364:1365 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 8 19 theme NP 1709:1710 arg1 removal 1712:1718 0% NP removal 1706:1718 0% NP removal 1706:1718 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 6 20 theme 2 1349:1349 arg1 mm 1351:1352 mm 1351:1352 mm 1351:1352 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 4 21 dep ex 632:633 arg1 vivo 635:638 vivo 635:638 vivo 635:638 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 3 22 theme AF 596:597 arg1 properties 599:608 NP and AF properties 589:608 NP and AF properties 589:608 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 8 23 theme failure 1735:1741 arg1 strength 1743:1750 failure strength 1735:1750 failure strength 1735:1750 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 8 24 dep NP 1649:1650 arg1 removed 1652:1658 removed 1652:1658 NP removed 1649:1658 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 0 25 with model 126:130 arg1 severity 186:193 varying injury severity 171:193 varying injury severity 171:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 0 26 theme herniation 155:164 arg1 model 126:130 an ex vivo large animal model 102:130 an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity 102:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 4 27 with defect 902:907 arg1 NP 918:919 20% NP 914:919 20% NP removed 914:927 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 6 28 theme failure 1237:1243 arg1 strength 1245:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 1 29 theme pulposus 312:319 arg1 loss 326:329 nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 304:329 nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 304:329 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 0 30 theme repair 22:27 arg1 strategy 29:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 9 31 theme additional 2010:2019 arg1 healing 2021:2027 additional healing 2010:2027 additional healing 2010:2027 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 0 32 theme herniation 83:92 arg1 risk 94:97 herniation risk 83:97 herniation risk 83:97 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 3 33 link genipin-crosslinked 542:560 arg1 FibGen 570:575 FibGen 570:575 FibGen 570:575 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 3 33 link genipin-crosslinked 542:560 arg1 fibrin 562:567 genipin-crosslinked fibrin 542:567 genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) 542:576 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 6 34 theme 4 1377:1377 arg1 mm 1379:1380 mm 1379:1380 mm 1379:1380 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 5 35 theme torsional 1112:1120 arg1 properties 1136:1145 torsional biomechanical properties 1112:1145 torsional biomechanical properties 1112:1145 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 0 36 dep ex 105:106 arg1 vivo 108:111 vivo 108:111 vivo 108:111 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 9 37 theme potential 2038:2046 arg1 application 2048:2058 the potential application 2034:2058 the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers 2034:2124 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 2 38 theme tissue 370:375 arg1 strategies 396:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 Poor IVD healing motivates developing tissue engineering repair strategies. 31136604 0 39 theme ex 105:106 arg1 model 126:130 an ex vivo large animal model 102:130 an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity 102:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 5 40 theme discectomy 994:1003 arg1 injury 1005:1010 discectomy injury 994:1010 discectomy injury 994:1010 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 4 41 theme biomechanical 757:769 arg1 properties 771:780 IVD biomechanical properties 753:780 IVD biomechanical properties 753:780 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 0 42 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 strategy 29:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 1 43 theme annulus 270:276 arg1 AF 288:289 AF 288:289 AF 288:289 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 1 43 theme annulus 270:276 arg1 fibrosus 278:285 annulus fibrosus 270:285 annulus fibrosus (AF) defects 270:298 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 8 44 theme % 1534:1534 arg1 group 1547:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 9 45 theme biomaterials 2069:2080 arg1 application 2048:2058 the potential application 2034:2058 the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers 2034:2124 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 3 46 theme IVD 452:454 arg1 strategy 475:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 4 47 dep discectomy 878:887 arg1 defect 902:907 4 mm biopsy defect 890:907 4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed 890:927 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 5 48 theme failure 966:972 arg1 strength 974:981 failure strength 966:981 failure strength similar to discectomy injury 966:1010 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 8 49 theme removal 1539:1545 arg1 group 1547:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 2 50 theme repair 389:394 arg1 strategies 396:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 Poor IVD healing motivates developing tissue engineering repair strategies. 31136604 4 51 theme herniation 856:865 arg1 injury 867:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 3 52 theme composite 431:439 arg1 strategy 475:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 9 53 theme stress 1814:1819 arg1 levels 1821:1826 super-physiological stress levels 1794:1826 super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy 1794:1853 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 9 54 theme cell/drug 2098:2106 arg1 carriers 2117:2124 cell/drug delivery carriers 2098:2124 cell/drug delivery carriers 2098:2124 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 0 55 theme biomechanical 49:61 arg1 function 63:70 biomechanical function 49:70 biomechanical function 49:70 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 5 56 theme AF 1202:1203 arg1 tension 1205:1211 AF tension 1202:1211 AF tension 1202:1211 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 5 57 theme surgical 1053:1060 arg1 procedures 1062:1071 surgical procedures 1053:1071 surgical procedures 1053:1071 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 3 58 theme repair 468:473 arg1 strategy 475:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 7 59 theme failure 1482:1488 arg1 strength 1490:1497 failure strength 1482:1497 failure strength 1482:1497 All simulated discectomy defects significantly compromised failure strength and biomechanical properties. 31136604 8 60 theme axial 1572:1576 arg1 properties 1592:1601 axial biomechanical properties 1572:1601 axial biomechanical properties 1572:1601 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 3 61 theme injectable 441:450 arg1 strategy 475:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 4 62 theme experimentally-induced 826:847 arg1 injury 867:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 4 63 theme ex 632:633 arg1 IVDs 647:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 2 64 theme IVD 337:339 arg1 healing 341:347 Poor IVD healing 332:347 Poor IVD healing 332:347 Poor IVD healing motivates developing tissue engineering repair strategies. 31136604 1 65 theme disc 242:245 arg1 damage 253:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage 227:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 227:329 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 5 66 theme increased 1026:1034 arg1 risk 1036:1039 no increased risk 1023:1039 no increased risk compared to surgical procedures 1023:1071 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 4 67 theme Bovine 625:630 arg1 IVDs 647:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs 625:650 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 0 68 theme injury 179:184 arg1 severity 186:193 varying injury severity 171:193 varying injury severity 171:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 1 69 theme IVD 248:250 arg1 damage 253:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage 227:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 227:329 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 7 70 theme discectomy 1437:1446 arg1 defects 1448:1454 All simulated discectomy defects 1423:1454 All simulated discectomy defects 1423:1454 All simulated discectomy defects significantly compromised failure strength and biomechanical properties. 31136604 4 71 theme biopsy 895:900 arg1 defect 902:907 4 mm biopsy defect 890:907 4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed 890:927 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 6 72 theme varying 1324:1330 arg1 types 1342:1346 varying AF defect types 1324:1346 varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) 1324:1388 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 9 73 theme engineered 1891:1900 arg1 biomaterials 1902:1913 these tissue engineered biomaterials 1878:1913 these tissue engineered biomaterials 1878:1913 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 3 74 theme genipin-crosslinked 542:560 arg1 FibGen 570:575 FibGen 570:575 FibGen 570:575 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 3 74 theme genipin-crosslinked 542:560 arg1 fibrin 562:567 genipin-crosslinked fibrin 542:567 genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) 542:576 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 6 75 theme removal 1397:1403 arg1 volume 1405:1410 NP removal volume 1394:1410 NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1394:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 76 theme discectomy 1294:1303 arg1 models 1312:1317 additional discectomy injury models 1283:1317 additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1283:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 77 dep types 1342:1346 arg1 cruciate 1367:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 77 dep types 1342:1346 arg1 biopsy 1382:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 77 dep types 1342:1346 arg1 biopsy 1354:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 4 78 theme 4 890:890 arg1 mm 892:893 mm 892:893 mm 892:893 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 9 79 dep engineered 1891:1900 arg1 tissue 1884:1889 tissue 1884:1889 tissue 1884:1889 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 9 80 theme restored 1966:1973 arg1 function 1989:1996 restored biomechanical function 1966:1996 restored biomechanical function 1966:1996 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 4 81 theme cyclic 670:675 arg1 compression-tension 677:695 cyclic compression-tension 670:695 cyclic compression-tension 670:695 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 6 82 theme mm 1364:1365 arg1 cruciate 1367:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 82 theme mm 1364:1365 arg1 biopsy 1354:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 8 83 theme % 1707:1707 arg1 removal 1712:1718 0% NP removal 1706:1718 0% NP removal 1706:1718 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 6 84 theme mm 1351:1352 arg1 cruciate 1367:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 4 mm cruciate 1362:1374 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 84 theme mm 1351:1352 arg1 biopsy 1382:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 84 theme mm 1351:1352 arg1 biopsy 1354:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 0 85 theme animal 119:124 arg1 model 126:130 an ex vivo large animal model 102:130 an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity 102:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 4 86 theme % 916:916 arg1 NP 918:919 20% NP 914:919 20% NP removed 914:927 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 8 87 contain had 1553:1555 arg2 values 1562:1567 mean values 1557:1567 mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels 1557:1625 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 8 87 contain had 1553:1555 arg1 group 1547:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 4 88 theme compression-to-failure 711:732 arg1 tests 734:738 compression-to-failure tests 711:738 compression-to-failure tests 711:738 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 6 89 theme NP 1394:1395 arg1 volume 1405:1410 NP removal volume 1394:1410 NP removal volume (0%, 20%) 1394:1420 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 90 theme largest 1229:1235 arg1 strength 1245:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 0 91 theme large 113:117 arg1 model 126:130 an ex vivo large animal model 102:130 an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity 102:193 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 6 92 theme mm 1379:1380 arg1 biopsy 1354:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 2 mm biopsy 1349:1359 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 92 theme mm 1379:1380 arg1 biopsy 1382:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 4 mm biopsy 1377:1387 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 5 93 theme similar 983:989 arg1 strength 974:981 failure strength 966:981 failure strength similar to discectomy injury 966:1010 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 4 94 theme height 783:788 arg1 loss 790:793 height loss 783:793 height loss 783:793 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 5 95 theme biomechanical 1122:1134 arg1 properties 1136:1145 torsional biomechanical properties 1112:1145 torsional biomechanical properties 1112:1145 FibGen with and without CMC-MC had failure strength similar to discectomy injury suggesting no increased risk compared to surgical procedures, yet no biomaterials improved axial or torsional biomechanical properties suggesting they were incapable of adequately restoring AF tension. 31136604 8 96 theme 0 1533:1533 arg1 % 1534:1534 % 1534:1534 % 1534:1534 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 0 97 theme biomaterial 10:20 arg1 strategy 29:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy 0:36 Composite biomaterial repair strategy to restore biomechanical function and reduce herniation risk in an ex vivo large animal model of intervertebral disc herniation with varying injury severity. 31136604 8 98 theme NP 1536:1537 arg1 group 1547:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group 1529:1551 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 4 99 theme IVD 753:755 arg1 properties 771:780 IVD biomechanical properties 753:780 IVD biomechanical properties 753:780 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 1 100 theme fibrosus 278:285 arg1 defects 292:298 annulus fibrosus (AF) defects 270:298 annulus fibrosus (AF) defects 270:298 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 6 101 dep volume 1405:1410 arg1 % 1414:1414 0% 1413:1414 0% 1413:1414 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 101 dep volume 1405:1410 arg1 % 1419:1419 20% 1417:1419 20% 1417:1419 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 3 102 theme biomaterial 456:466 arg1 strategy 475:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy 429:482 This study evaluated a composite injectable IVD biomaterial repair strategy using carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose (CMC-MC) and genipin-crosslinked fibrin (FibGen) that mimic NP and AF properties, respectively. 31136604 9 103 theme biomechanical 1975:1987 arg1 function 1989:1996 restored biomechanical function 1966:1996 restored biomechanical function 1966:1996 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 9 104 theme super-physiological 1794:1812 arg1 levels 1821:1826 super-physiological stress levels 1794:1826 super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy 1794:1853 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 8 105 theme mean 1557:1560 arg1 values 1562:1567 mean values 1557:1567 mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels 1557:1625 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 8 106 with defects 1632:1638 arg1 % 1647:1647 20% 1645:1647 20% 1645:1647 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 4 107 theme severe 849:854 arg1 injury 867:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 experimentally-induced severe herniation injury 826:872 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 2 108 theme engineering 377:387 arg1 strategies 396:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 tissue engineering repair strategies 370:405 Poor IVD healing motivates developing tissue engineering repair strategies. 31136604 9 109 theme delivery 2108:2115 arg1 carriers 2117:2124 cell/drug delivery carriers 2098:2124 cell/drug delivery carriers 2098:2124 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 1 110 theme nucleus 304:310 arg1 NP 322:323 NP 322:323 NP 322:323 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 1 110 theme nucleus 304:310 arg1 pulposus 312:319 nucleus pulposus 304:319 nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 304:329 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 7 111 theme biomechanical 1503:1515 arg1 properties 1517:1526 biomechanical properties 1503:1526 biomechanical properties 1503:1526 All simulated discectomy defects significantly compromised failure strength and biomechanical properties. 31136604 9 112 theme simulated 1834:1842 arg1 discectomy 1844:1853 simulated discectomy 1834:1853 simulated discectomy 1834:1853 FibGen with and without CMC-MC failed at super-physiological stress levels above simulated discectomy suggesting repair with these tissue engineered biomaterials may perform better than discectomy alone, although restored biomechanical function may require additional healing with the potential application of these biomaterials as sealants and cell/drug delivery carriers. 31136604 8 113 theme biomechanical 1578:1590 arg1 properties 1592:1601 axial biomechanical properties 1572:1601 axial biomechanical properties 1572:1601 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 4 114 theme herniation 800:809 arg1 risk 811:814 herniation risk 800:814 herniation risk 800:814 Bovine ex vivo caudal IVDs were evaluated in cyclic compression-tension, torsion, and compression-to-failure tests to determine IVD biomechanical properties, height loss, and herniation risk following experimentally-induced severe herniation injury and discectomy (4 mm biopsy defect with 20% NP removed). 31136604 1 115 theme intervertebral 227:240 arg1 damage 253:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage 227:258 intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss 227:329 Back pain commonly arises from intervertebral disc (IVD) damage including annulus fibrosus (AF) defects and nucleus pulposus (NP) loss. 31136604 6 116 contain had 1221:1223 arg1 FibGen 1214:1219 FibGen 1214:1219 FibGen 1214:1219 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 6 116 contain had 1221:1223 arg2 strength 1245:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 the largest failure strength 1225:1252 FibGen had the largest failure strength and was further evaluated in additional discectomy injury models with varying AF defect types (2 mm biopsy, 4 mm cruciate, 4 mm biopsy) and NP removal volume (0%, 20%). 31136604 8 117 theme properties 1592:1601 arg1 values 1562:1567 mean values 1557:1567 mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels 1557:1625 The 0% NP removal group had mean values of axial biomechanical properties closer to intact levels than defects with 20% NP removed but they were not statistically different and 0% NP removal also decreased failure strength. 31136604 2 118 theme Poor 332:335 arg1 healing 341:347 Poor IVD healing 332:347 Poor IVD healing 332:347 Poor IVD healing motivates developing tissue engineering repair strategies. 31705977 9 0 theme skin 1346:1349 arg1 barrier 1318:1324 the barrier 1314:1324 the barrier of aged or diseased skin 1314:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 8 1 theme polymers 1012:1019 arg1 content 1029:1035 the content 1025:1035 the content of other components 1025:1055 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 8 1 theme polymers 1012:1019 arg1 weight 1002:1007 the molecular weight 988:1007 the molecular weight of polymers 988:1019 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 2 2 theme molecular 320:328 arg1 weight 330:335 high molecular weight 315:335 high molecular weight 315:335 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 0 3 theme oil 69:71 arg1 microemulsion 73:85 oil microemulsion 69:85 oil microemulsion 69:85 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. 31705977 2 4 theme high 315:318 arg1 weight 330:335 high molecular weight 315:335 high molecular weight 315:335 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 4 5 theme polymers 542:549 arg1 content 531:537 the content 527:537 the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters) 527:594 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 8 6 theme indirect 1136:1143 arg1 influence 1145:1153 an indirect influence 1133:1153 an indirect influence 1133:1153 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 2 7 dep such 307:310 arg1 as 312:313 as 312:313 as 312:313 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 4 8 used used 602:605 arg2 number 476:481 A number 474:481 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), 474:595 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 4 9 theme surfactants 555:565 arg1 content 531:537 the content 527:537 the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters) 527:594 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 7 10 theme greatest 936:943 arg1 influence 945:953 the greatest influence 932:953 the greatest influence 932:953 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 3 11 theme low 407:409 arg1 weight 430:435 low and high molecular weight collagen and HA 407:451 weight 430:435 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 5 12 theme transport 734:742 arg1 efficiency 744:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 In addition, a correlation was made between the composition of these microemulsions and the polymers transport efficiency. 31705977 7 13 theme microemulsions 913:926 arg1 concentration 852:864 The concentration 848:864 The concentration of polymers 848:876 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 7 13 theme microemulsions 913:926 arg1 capacity 901:908 the solubilization capacity 882:908 the solubilization capacity of microemulsions 882:926 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 8 14 theme permeation 1162:1171 arg1 process 1173:1179 the permeation process 1158:1179 the permeation process 1158:1179 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 5 15 theme polymers 725:732 arg1 efficiency 744:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 In addition, a correlation was made between the composition of these microemulsions and the polymers transport efficiency. 31705977 8 16 theme components 1046:1055 arg1 content 1029:1035 the content 1025:1035 the content of other components 1025:1055 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 8 16 theme components 1046:1055 arg1 weight 1002:1007 the molecular weight 988:1007 the molecular weight of polymers 988:1019 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 2 17 theme disadvantageous 279:293 arg1 properties 295:304 disadvantageous properties 279:304 disadvantageous properties 279:304 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 9 18 with microemulsion 1249:1261 arg1 HA 1281:1282 HA 1281:1282 HA 1281:1282 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 9 18 with microemulsion 1249:1261 arg1 collagen 1268:1275 collagen 1268:1275 collagen 1268:1275 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 0 19 theme Transdermal 0:10 arg1 transport 12:20 Transdermal transport 0:20 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid 0:52 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. 31705977 8 20 theme other 1040:1044 arg1 components 1046:1055 other components 1040:1055 other components 1040:1055 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 4 21 theme permeation 615:624 arg1 study 626:630 the permeation study 611:630 the permeation study 611:630 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 8 22 contain had 1129:1131 arg1 parameters 1118:1127 these parameters 1112:1127 these parameters 1112:1127 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 8 22 contain had 1129:1131 arg2 influence 1145:1153 an indirect influence 1133:1153 an indirect influence 1133:1153 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 9 23 theme potential 1220:1228 arg1 use 1242:1244 the potential therapeutic use 1216:1244 the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin 1216:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 0 24 theme collagen 25:32 arg1 transport 12:20 Transdermal transport 0:20 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid 0:52 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. 31705977 9 25 theme aged 1329:1332 arg1 skin 1346:1349 aged or diseased skin 1329:1349 aged or diseased skin 1329:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 3 26 from microemulsions 458:471 arg1 penetration 392:402 the transdermal penetration 376:402 the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions 376:471 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 3 26 from microemulsions 458:471 arg1 weight 430:435 low and high molecular weight collagen and HA 407:451 weight 430:435 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 3 27 theme weight 430:435 arg1 penetration 392:402 the transdermal penetration 376:402 the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions 376:471 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 6 28 theme HA 844:845 arg1 permeation 817:826 transdermal permeation 805:826 transdermal permeation of collagen and HA 805:845 The results indicate that, microemulsions enable transdermal permeation of collagen and HA. 31705977 1 29 theme hyaluronic 101:110 arg1 HA 118:119 HA 118:119 HA 118:119 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 1 29 theme hyaluronic 101:110 arg1 biopolymers 126:136 biopolymers 126:136 biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin 126:189 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 1 29 theme hyaluronic 101:110 arg1 acid 112:115 hyaluronic acid 101:115 hyaluronic acid (HA) 101:120 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 1 29 theme hyaluronic 101:110 arg1 Collagen 88:95 Collagen 88:95 Collagen 88:95 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 0 30 theme hyaluronic 38:47 arg1 acid 49:52 hyaluronic acid 38:52 hyaluronic acid 38:52 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. 31705977 9 31 theme diseased 1337:1344 arg1 skin 1346:1349 aged or diseased skin 1329:1349 aged or diseased skin 1329:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 1 32 theme skin 186:189 arg1 condition 169:177 condition 169:177 condition 169:177 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 1 32 theme skin 186:189 arg1 appearance 154:163 appearance 154:163 appearance 154:163 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 2 33 theme compounds 210:218 arg1 Delivery 192:199 Delivery 192:199 Delivery of these compounds into the skin 192:232 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 3 34 theme high 415:418 arg1 penetration 392:402 the transdermal penetration 376:402 the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions 376:471 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 3 35 theme transdermal 380:390 arg1 penetration 392:402 the transdermal penetration 376:402 the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions 376:471 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 4 36 theme formulations 500:511 arg1 number 476:481 A number 474:481 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), 474:595 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 6 37 theme collagen 831:838 arg1 permeation 817:826 transdermal permeation 805:826 transdermal permeation of collagen and HA 805:845 The results indicate that, microemulsions enable transdermal permeation of collagen and HA. 31705977 7 38 contain had 928:930 arg1 concentration 852:864 The concentration 848:864 The concentration of polymers 848:876 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 7 38 contain had 928:930 arg1 capacity 901:908 the solubilization capacity 882:908 the solubilization capacity of microemulsions 882:926 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 7 38 contain had 928:930 arg2 influence 945:953 the greatest influence 932:953 the greatest influence 932:953 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 3 39 theme molecular 420:428 arg1 weight 430:435 low and high molecular weight collagen and HA 407:451 weight 430:435 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 4 40 theme microemulsion 486:498 arg1 formulations 500:511 microemulsion formulations 486:511 microemulsion formulations 486:511 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 8 41 theme particles 1092:1100 arg1 size 1070:1073 the size 1066:1073 the size of microemulsion particles 1066:1100 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 6 42 theme transdermal 805:815 arg1 permeation 817:826 transdermal permeation 805:826 transdermal permeation of collagen and HA 805:845 The results indicate that, microemulsions enable transdermal permeation of collagen and HA. 31705977 0 43 theme acid 49:52 arg1 transport 12:20 Transdermal transport 0:20 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid 0:52 Transdermal transport of collagen and hyaluronic acid using water in oil microemulsion. 31705977 8 44 theme microemulsion 1078:1090 arg1 particles 1092:1100 microemulsion particles 1078:1100 microemulsion particles 1078:1100 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 1 45 dep appearance 154:163 arg1 the 150:152 the 150:152 the 150:152 Collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) are biopolymers that affect the appearance and condition of the skin. 31705977 9 46 theme therapeutic 1230:1240 arg1 use 1242:1244 the potential therapeutic use 1216:1244 the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin 1216:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31705977 8 47 theme molecular 992:1000 arg1 weight 1002:1007 the molecular weight 988:1007 the molecular weight of polymers 988:1019 Surprisingly, the molecular weight of polymers and the content of other components affected the size of microemulsion particles, and thus these parameters had an indirect influence on the permeation process. 31705977 4 48 dep promoters 585:593 arg1 i.e. 568:571 i.e. 568:571 i.e. 568:571 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 7 49 theme solubilization 886:899 arg1 capacity 901:908 the solubilization capacity 882:908 the solubilization capacity of microemulsions 882:926 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 4 50 theme penetration 573:583 arg1 polymers 542:549 polymers 542:549 polymers 542:549 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 4 50 theme penetration 573:583 arg1 promoters 585:593 penetration promoters 573:593 penetration promoters 573:593 A number of microemulsion formulations, differing in the content of polymers and surfactants (i.e. penetration promoters), were used for the permeation study. 31705977 3 51 from penetration 392:402 arg1 microemulsions 458:471 microemulsions 458:471 microemulsions 458:471 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 2 52 theme properties 295:304 arg1 number 269:274 a number 267:274 a number of disadvantageous properties 267:304 Delivery of these compounds into the skin is highly challenging since have a number of disadvantageous properties, such as high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. 31705977 7 53 theme polymers 869:876 arg1 concentration 852:864 The concentration 848:864 The concentration of polymers 848:876 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 7 53 theme polymers 869:876 arg1 capacity 901:908 the solubilization capacity 882:908 the solubilization capacity of microemulsions 882:926 The concentration of polymers and the solubilization capacity of microemulsions had the greatest influence on the permeation. 31705977 5 54 theme microemulsions 702:715 arg1 composition 681:691 the composition 677:691 the composition of these microemulsions 677:715 In addition, a correlation was made between the composition of these microemulsions and the polymers transport efficiency. 31705977 5 54 theme microemulsions 702:715 arg1 efficiency 744:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 the polymers transport efficiency 721:753 In addition, a correlation was made between the composition of these microemulsions and the polymers transport efficiency. 31705977 3 55 dep weight 430:435 arg1 HA 450:451 HA 450:451 HA 450:451 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 3 55 dep weight 430:435 arg1 collagen 437:444 collagen 437:444 collagen 437:444 Here, we evaluated the transdermal penetration of low and high molecular weight collagen and HA from microemulsions. 31705977 9 56 theme microemulsion 1249:1261 arg1 use 1242:1244 the potential therapeutic use 1216:1244 the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin 1216:1349 This study demonstrated therefore the potential therapeutic use of microemulsion with collagen and HA in improving and regenerating the barrier of aged or diseased skin. 31794825 0 0 theme thermoset-like 98:111 arg1 structures 136:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 2 1 theme RS 361:362 arg1 pulp 364:367 RS pulp 361:367 RS pulp 361:367 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 1 2 theme thermoplastic 239:251 arg1 materials 253:261 some renewable thermoplastic materials 224:261 some renewable thermoplastic materials 224:261 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 7 3 theme starch 1272:1277 arg1 biocomposites 1279:1291 the starch biocomposites 1268:1291 the starch biocomposites 1268:1291 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 5 4 theme plasticizer/starch 951:968 arg1 mixtures 970:977 the plasticizer/starch mixtures 947:977 the plasticizer/starch mixtures 947:977 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 4 5 theme starch 731:736 arg1 matrix 738:743 the plasticized starch matrix 715:743 the plasticized starch matrix 715:743 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 0 6 theme thermoset 117:125 arg1 structures 136:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 8 7 theme better 1505:1510 arg1 miscibility 1518:1528 better phase miscibility 1505:1528 better phase miscibility 1505:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 5 8 theme RS 1023:1024 arg1 pulp 1026:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 8 9 theme plasticized 1452:1462 arg1 biocomposites 1482:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites 1448:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility 1448:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 3 10 theme thermoplasticization 567:586 arg1 reaction 588:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction 552:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products 552:610 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 6 11 theme more 1153:1156 arg1 starch 1141:1146 the plasticized starch 1125:1146 the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS 1125:1174 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 8 12 theme starch/RS 1464:1472 arg1 biocomposites 1482:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites 1448:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility 1448:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 4 13 theme chemical 784:791 arg1 modifications 793:805 the chemical modifications 780:805 the chemical modifications 780:805 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 6 14 theme RS 1036:1037 arg1 pulp 1039:1042 The RS pulp 1032:1042 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers 1032:1072 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 7 15 theme brittle 1244:1250 arg1 mode 1260:1263 the brittle failure mode 1240:1263 the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites 1240:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 4 16 theme rheological 891:901 arg1 responses 903:911 linear rheological responses 884:911 linear rheological responses 884:911 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 6 17 theme starch 1141:1146 arg1 modulus 1093:1099 Young modulus 1087:1099 Young modulus 1087:1099 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 6 17 theme starch 1141:1146 arg1 strength 1113:1120 tensile strength 1105:1120 tensile strength 1105:1120 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 5 18 theme phase 926:930 arg1 miscibility 932:942 The partial phase miscibility 914:942 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures 914:977 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 4 19 theme interfacial 686:696 arg1 adhesion 698:705 The interfacial adhesion 682:705 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products 682:763 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 0 20 theme chemical 127:134 arg1 structures 136:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 5 21 theme mixtures 970:977 arg1 miscibility 932:942 The partial phase miscibility 914:942 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures 914:977 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 2 22 theme thermoplastic 460:472 arg1 starch 474:479 the thermoplastic starch 456:479 the thermoplastic starch 456:479 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 8 23 theme biocomposites 1482:1494 arg1 toughness 1435:1443 the toughness 1431:1443 the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility 1431:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 5 24 theme partial 918:924 arg1 miscibility 932:942 The partial phase miscibility 914:942 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures 914:977 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 0 25 theme starch-based 12:23 arg1 biocomposites 25:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites 0:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites 0:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 2 26 theme twin-screw 491:500 arg1 process 512:518 a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites 489:549 a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites 489:549 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 pulp 384:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 RS 430:431 benzylated RS 419:431 benzylated RS 419:431 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 pulp 364:367 RS pulp 361:367 RS pulp 361:367 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 liquor 401:406 pulping liquor 393:406 pulping liquor 393:406 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 products 328:335 The obtained RS products 312:335 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS 312:431 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 27 theme RS 325:326 arg1 RS 357:358 untreated RS 347:358 untreated RS 347:358 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 7 28 theme fiber 1324:1328 arg1 biocomposites 1330:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 2 29 theme RS 381:382 arg1 pulp 384:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 0 30 theme Plasticized 0:10 arg1 biocomposites 25:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites 0:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites 0:37 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 1 31 theme soda-pulping 272:283 arg1 processes 301:309 soda-pulping and benzylation processes 272:309 soda-pulping and benzylation processes 272:309 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 pulp 384:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 RS 430:431 benzylated RS 419:431 benzylated RS 419:431 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 pulp 364:367 RS pulp 361:367 RS pulp 361:367 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 liquor 401:406 pulping liquor 393:406 pulping liquor 393:406 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 products 328:335 The obtained RS products 312:335 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS 312:431 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 32 theme obtained 316:323 arg1 RS 357:358 untreated RS 347:358 untreated RS 347:358 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 6 33 theme cellulosic 1051:1060 arg1 microfibers 1062:1072 cellulosic microfibers 1051:1072 cellulosic microfibers 1051:1072 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 2 34 theme benzylated 370:379 arg1 pulp 384:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 benzylated RS pulp 370:387 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 2 35 theme benzylated 419:428 arg1 RS 430:431 benzylated RS 419:431 benzylated RS 419:431 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 5 36 theme RS 1016:1017 arg1 pulp 1026:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 4 37 theme morphological 853:865 arg1 observations 867:878 the morphological observations 849:878 the morphological observations 849:878 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 1 38 theme abundant 184:191 arg1 biomass 193:199 an abundant biomass 181:199 an abundant biomass 181:199 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 5 39 theme benzylated 1005:1014 arg1 pulp 1026:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 the benzylated RS and RS pulp 1001:1029 The partial phase miscibility of the plasticizer/starch mixtures is improved by adding the benzylated RS and RS pulp. 31794825 1 40 theme benzylation 289:299 arg1 processes 301:309 soda-pulping and benzylation processes 272:309 soda-pulping and benzylation processes 272:309 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 6 41 dep modulus 1093:1099 arg1 the 1083:1085 the 1083:1085 the 1083:1085 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 3 42 theme successful 556:565 arg1 reaction 588:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction 552:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products 552:610 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 6 43 theme tensile 1105:1111 arg1 strength 1113:1120 tensile strength 1105:1120 tensile strength 1105:1120 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 0 44 theme rice 59:62 arg1 fillers 70:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 2 45 theme green 534:538 arg1 composites 540:549 all green composites 530:549 all green composites 530:549 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 3 46 theme products 603:610 arg1 reaction 588:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction 552:595 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products 552:610 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 0 47 theme modified 50:57 arg1 fillers 70:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 7 48 theme thermoset-like 1206:1219 arg1 structure 1221:1229 their thermoset and thermoset-like structure 1186:1229 their thermoset and thermoset-like structure 1186:1229 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 8 49 theme product 1474:1480 arg1 biocomposites 1482:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites 1448:1494 the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility 1448:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 2 50 theme extrusion 502:510 arg1 process 512:518 a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites 489:549 a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites 489:549 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 7 51 theme biocomposites 1279:1291 arg1 mode 1260:1263 the brittle failure mode 1240:1263 the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites 1240:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 3 52 theme morphological 654:666 arg1 observations 668:679 morphological observations 654:679 morphological observations 654:679 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 6 53 theme untreated 1163:1171 arg1 RS 1173:1174 untreated RS 1163:1174 untreated RS 1163:1174 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 8 54 theme thermoplasticization 1349:1368 arg1 reaction 1370:1377 The thermoplasticization reaction 1345:1377 The thermoplasticization reaction 1345:1377 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 0 55 theme straw 64:68 arg1 fillers 70:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 modified rice straw fillers 50:76 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 4 56 theme linear 884:889 arg1 responses 903:911 linear rheological responses 884:911 linear rheological responses 884:911 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 7 57 theme failure 1252:1258 arg1 mode 1260:1263 the brittle failure mode 1240:1263 the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites 1240:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 3 58 theme RS 600:601 arg1 products 603:610 RS products 600:610 RS products 600:610 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 2 59 theme untreated 347:355 arg1 RS 357:358 untreated RS 347:358 untreated RS 347:358 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 7 60 theme common 1309:1314 arg1 biocomposites 1330:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 7 61 theme thermoset 1192:1200 arg1 structure 1221:1229 their thermoset and thermoset-like structure 1186:1229 their thermoset and thermoset-like structure 1186:1229 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 8 62 theme phase 1512:1516 arg1 miscibility 1518:1528 better phase miscibility 1505:1528 better phase miscibility 1505:1528 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 3 63 theme spectroscopy 629:640 arg1 results 642:648 spectroscopy results 629:648 spectroscopy results 629:648 The successful thermoplasticization reaction of RS products was confirmed by spectroscopy results and morphological observations. 31794825 7 64 theme natural 1316:1322 arg1 biocomposites 1330:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 the common natural fiber biocomposites 1305:1342 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 6 65 contain having 1044:1049 arg1 pulp 1039:1042 The RS pulp 1032:1042 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers 1032:1072 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 6 65 contain having 1044:1049 arg2 microfibers 1062:1072 cellulosic microfibers 1051:1072 cellulosic microfibers 1051:1072 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 6 66 theme Young 1087:1091 arg1 modulus 1093:1099 Young modulus 1087:1099 Young modulus 1087:1099 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 8 67 theme failure 1391:1397 arg1 mode 1399:1402 the failure mode 1387:1402 the failure mode 1387:1402 The thermoplasticization reaction changes the failure mode and significantly improves the toughness of the plasticized starch/RS product biocomposites owing to better phase miscibility. 31794825 4 68 theme RS 753:754 arg1 products 756:763 the RS products 749:763 the RS products 749:763 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 0 69 theme thermoplastic 83:95 arg1 structures 136:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures 83:145 Plasticized starch-based biocomposites containing modified rice straw fillers with thermoplastic, thermoset-like and thermoset chemical structures. 31794825 2 70 theme pulping 393:399 arg1 liquor 401:406 pulping liquor 393:406 pulping liquor 393:406 The obtained RS products including untreated RS, RS pulp, benzylated RS pulp and pulping liquor as well as benzylated RS were incorporated into the thermoplastic starch through a twin-screw extrusion process to obtain all green composites. 31794825 4 71 theme plasticized 719:729 arg1 matrix 738:743 the plasticized starch matrix 715:743 the plasticized starch matrix 715:743 The interfacial adhesion between the plasticized starch matrix and the RS products is enhanced by the chemical modifications, which confirmed by investigating through the morphological observations and linear rheological responses. 31794825 6 72 theme plasticized 1129:1139 arg1 starch 1141:1146 the plasticized starch 1125:1146 the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS 1125:1174 The RS pulp having cellulosic microfibers enhances the Young modulus and tensile strength of the plasticized starch even more than untreated RS. 31794825 1 73 theme rice 162:165 arg1 RS 174:175 RS 174:175 RS 174:175 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 1 73 theme rice 162:165 arg1 straw 167:171 rice straw 162:171 rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass 162:199 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31794825 7 74 theme similar 1294:1300 arg1 biocomposites 1279:1291 the starch biocomposites 1268:1291 the starch biocomposites 1268:1291 However, their thermoset and thermoset-like structure leads to the brittle failure mode of the starch biocomposites, similar to the common natural fiber biocomposites. 31794825 1 75 theme renewable 229:237 arg1 materials 253:261 some renewable thermoplastic materials 224:261 some renewable thermoplastic materials 224:261 In this work, rice straw (RS) as an abundant biomass was applied to prepare some renewable thermoplastic materials by using soda-pulping and benzylation processes. 31717550 9 0 theme novel 1088:1092 arg1 approach 1112:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 4 1 theme disposable 471:480 arg1 chip 492:495 a disposable plasmonic chip 469:495 a disposable plasmonic chip 469:495 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 9 2 theme plasmonic 1094:1102 arg1 approach 1112:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 9 3 theme different 1147:1155 arg1 configurations 1175:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations 1143:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations of BC 1143:1194 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 6 4 theme Experimental 706:717 arg1 results 719:725 Experimental results 706:725 Experimental results 706:725 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 5 5 theme sputtered 596:604 arg1 gold 606:609 sputtered gold 596:609 sputtered gold 596:609 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 9 6 theme sensing 1104:1110 arg1 approach 1112:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach 1084:1119 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 7 7 used used 921:924 arg2 sensor 905:910 The sensor 901:910 The sensor 901:910 The sensor has been used with optical fibers and simple equipment. 31717550 4 8 theme bacterial 547:555 arg1 BC 568:569 BC 568:569 BC 568:569 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 4 8 theme bacterial 547:555 arg1 cellulose 557:565 bacterial cellulose 547:565 bacterial cellulose (BC) 547:570 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 3 9 theme costly 352:357 arg1 system 366:371 a costly sensor system 350:371 a costly sensor system 350:371 Usually a gold chip, functionalized with a specific bio-receptor, inside a costly sensor system, is used. 31717550 7 10 theme simple 950:955 arg1 equipment 957:965 simple equipment 950:965 simple equipment 950:965 The sensor has been used with optical fibers and simple equipment. 31717550 5 11 theme localized 662:670 arg1 resonance 688:696 localized surface plasmon resonance 662:696 localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 662:703 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 11 theme localized 662:670 arg1 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 4 12 theme sensor 434:439 arg1 system 441:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 5 13 theme surface 672:678 arg1 resonance 688:696 localized surface plasmon resonance 662:696 localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 662:703 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 13 theme surface 672:678 arg1 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 6 14 theme plasmonic 812:820 arg1 composite 783:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 6 14 theme plasmonic 812:820 arg1 platform 829:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 9 15 theme waveguide 1165:1173 arg1 configurations 1175:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations 1143:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations of BC 1143:1194 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 0 16 theme Eco-Friendly 3:14 arg1 Sensor 37:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Gold. 31717550 5 17 theme plasmon 680:686 arg1 resonance 688:696 localized surface plasmon resonance 662:696 localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 662:703 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 17 theme plasmon 680:686 arg1 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 LSPR 699:702 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 6 18 theme sensor 822:827 arg1 composite 783:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 6 18 theme sensor 822:827 arg1 platform 829:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 1 19 theme several 86:92 arg1 fields 106:111 several application fields 86:111 several application fields 86:111 In several application fields, plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors are intensively used to obtain biosensors. 31717550 3 20 theme sensor 359:364 arg1 system 366:371 a costly sensor system 350:371 a costly sensor system 350:371 Usually a gold chip, functionalized with a specific bio-receptor, inside a costly sensor system, is used. 31717550 8 21 theme green 1010:1014 arg1 sensor 1032:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor 1006:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer 1006:1081 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 1 22 theme application 94:104 arg1 fields 106:111 several application fields 86:111 several application fields 86:111 In several application fields, plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors are intensively used to obtain biosensors. 31717550 0 23 theme Disposable 16:25 arg1 Sensor 37:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Gold. 31717550 4 24 theme optical 521:527 arg1 waveguide 529:537 an innovative optical waveguide 507:537 an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC) 507:570 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 4 25 theme low-cost 410:417 arg1 system 441:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 4 26 theme innovative 510:519 arg1 waveguide 529:537 an innovative optical waveguide 507:537 an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC) 507:570 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 8 27 theme LSPR 1027:1030 arg1 sensor 1032:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor 1006:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer 1006:1081 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 9 28 theme optical 1157:1163 arg1 configurations 1175:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations 1143:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations of BC 1143:1194 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 8 29 theme light 1046:1050 arg1 source 1052:1057 a light source 1044:1057 a light source 1044:1057 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 6 30 theme disposable 878:887 arg1 biosensors 889:898 disposable biosensors 878:898 disposable biosensors 878:898 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 8 31 theme disposable 1016:1025 arg1 sensor 1032:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor 1006:1037 the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer 1006:1081 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 4 32 theme small-size 423:432 arg1 system 441:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 a low-cost and small-size sensor system 408:446 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 0 33 theme Plasmonic 27:35 arg1 Sensor 37:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor 0:42 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Gold. 31717550 0 34 theme Bacterial 53:61 arg1 Cellulose 63:71 Bacterial Cellulose 53:71 Bacterial Cellulose 53:71 An Eco-Friendly Disposable Plasmonic Sensor Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Gold. 31717550 4 35 theme plasmonic 482:490 arg1 chip 492:495 a disposable plasmonic chip 469:495 a disposable plasmonic chip 469:495 In this work, we propose a low-cost and small-size sensor system, used for monitoring a disposable plasmonic chip, based on an innovative optical waveguide made of bacterial cellulose (BC). 31717550 6 36 theme BC-based 774:781 arg1 composite 783:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 the BC-based composite 770:791 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 6 36 theme BC-based 774:781 arg1 platform 829:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform 796:836 Experimental results are presented on the capabilities of using the BC-based composite as an eco-friendly plasmonic sensor platform, which could be exploited for realizing disposable biosensors. 31717550 2 37 theme commercial 226:235 arg1 devices 237:243 these commercial devices 220:243 these commercial devices 220:243 Most of these commercial devices are based on a disposable chip. 31717550 5 38 theme green 618:622 arg1 waveguide 629:637 the green slab waveguide 614:637 the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 614:703 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 38 theme green 618:622 arg1 able 647:650 able 647:650 able 647:650 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 3 39 used used 377:380 arg2 chip 292:295 a gold chip 285:295 a gold chip 285:295 Usually a gold chip, functionalized with a specific bio-receptor, inside a costly sensor system, is used. 31717550 7 40 theme optical 931:937 arg1 fibers 939:944 optical fibers 931:944 optical fibers 931:944 The sensor has been used with optical fibers and simple equipment. 31717550 1 41 theme plasmonic 114:122 arg1 platforms 131:139 plasmonic sensor platforms 114:139 plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors 114:167 In several application fields, plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors are intensively used to obtain biosensors. 31717550 3 42 theme gold 287:290 arg1 chip 292:295 a gold chip 285:295 a gold chip 285:295 Usually a gold chip, functionalized with a specific bio-receptor, inside a costly sensor system, is used. 31717550 9 43 theme BC 1193:1194 arg1 configurations 1175:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations 1143:1188 two different optical waveguide configurations of BC 1143:1194 The novel plasmonic sensing approach has been tested using two different optical waveguide configurations of BC, with and without ions inside BC. 31717550 2 44 theme disposable 260:269 arg1 chip 271:274 a disposable chip 258:274 a disposable chip 258:274 Most of these commercial devices are based on a disposable chip. 31717550 1 45 theme sensor 124:129 arg1 platforms 131:139 plasmonic sensor platforms 114:139 plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors 114:167 In several application fields, plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors are intensively used to obtain biosensors. 31717550 5 46 theme slab 624:627 arg1 waveguide 629:637 the green slab waveguide 614:637 the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 614:703 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 46 theme slab 624:627 arg1 able 647:650 able 647:650 able 647:650 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 3 47 theme specific 320:327 arg1 bio-receptor 329:340 a specific bio-receptor 318:340 a specific bio-receptor 318:340 Usually a gold chip, functionalized with a specific bio-receptor, inside a costly sensor system, is used. 31717550 8 48 with sensor 1032:1037 arg1 source 1052:1057 a light source 1044:1057 a light source 1044:1057 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 8 48 with sensor 1032:1037 arg1 spectrometer 1070:1081 a spectrometer 1068:1081 a spectrometer 1068:1081 More specifically, the fibers connect the green disposable LSPR sensor with a light source and with a spectrometer. 31717550 1 49 used used 185:188 arg2 platforms 131:139 plasmonic sensor platforms 114:139 plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors 114:167 In several application fields, plasmonic sensor platforms combined with bio-receptors are intensively used to obtain biosensors. 31717550 5 50 contain have 591:594 arg2 gold 606:609 sputtered gold 596:609 sputtered gold 596:609 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 31717550 5 50 contain have 591:594 arg1 we 588:589 we 588:589 we 588:589 In particular, we have sputtered gold on the green slab waveguide that is able to excite localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). 30200553 0 0 theme Simultaneous 73:84 arg1 Reduction 86:94 the Simultaneous Reduction 69:94 the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins 69:108 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 1 1 theme simultaneous 229:240 arg1 removal 242:248 the simultaneous removal 225:248 the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins 225:262 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 3 2 theme pH 486:487 arg1 concentration 516:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 2 theme pH 486:487 arg1 time 542:545 adsorption time 531:545 adsorption time 531:545 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 2 theme pH 486:487 arg1 effects 489:495 pH effects 486:495 pH effects 486:495 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 2 theme pH 486:487 arg1 temperature 551:561 temperature 551:561 temperature 551:561 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 5 3 theme thermodynamic 723:735 arg1 results 737:743 The thermodynamic results 719:743 The thermodynamic results 719:743 The thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption of the mycotoxins was spontaneous, endothermic and favourable. 30200553 1 4 theme mycotoxins 253:262 arg1 removal 242:248 the simultaneous removal 225:248 the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins 225:262 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 4 5 theme kinetic 703:709 arg1 models 711:716 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 683:716 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 3 6 theme initial 498:504 arg1 concentration 516:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 6 theme initial 498:504 arg1 effects 489:495 pH effects 486:495 pH effects 486:495 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 4 7 theme Freundlich 652:661 arg1 isotherm 663:670 5 fit Freundlich isotherm 646:670 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 0 8 theme Mycotoxins 99:108 arg1 Reduction 86:94 the Simultaneous Reduction 69:94 the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins 69:108 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 4 9 theme Adsorption 564:573 arg1 data 584:587 Adsorption isotherm data 564:587 Adsorption isotherm data 564:587 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 3 10 theme mycotoxin 506:514 arg1 concentration 516:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 initial mycotoxin concentration 498:528 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 10 theme mycotoxin 506:514 arg1 effects 489:495 pH effects 486:495 pH effects 486:495 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 0 11 theme Novel 2:6 arg1 Oxide 36:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 2 12 theme X-ray 375:379 arg1 diffraction 381:391 X-ray diffraction 375:391 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 375:397 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 12 theme X-ray 375:379 arg1 XRD 394:396 XRD 394:396 XRD 394:396 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 12 theme X-ray 375:379 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 13 theme various 300:306 arg1 diffraction 381:391 X-ray diffraction 375:391 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 375:397 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 13 theme various 300:306 arg1 microscope 423:432 a scanning electron microscope 403:432 a scanning electron microscope (SEM) 403:438 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 13 theme various 300:306 arg1 spectroscopy 354:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 327:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 327:372 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 13 theme various 300:306 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 4 14 theme fit 648:650 arg1 isotherm 663:670 5 fit Freundlich isotherm 646:670 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 2 15 theme electron 414:421 arg1 microscope 423:432 a scanning electron microscope 403:432 a scanning electron microscope (SEM) 403:438 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 15 theme electron 414:421 arg1 SEM 435:437 SEM 435:437 SEM 435:437 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 15 theme electron 414:421 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 3 16 theme adsorption 531:540 arg1 time 542:545 adsorption time 531:545 adsorption time 531:545 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 3 16 theme adsorption 531:540 arg1 effects 489:495 pH effects 486:495 pH effects 486:495 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 2 17 theme scanning 405:412 arg1 microscope 423:432 a scanning electron microscope 403:432 a scanning electron microscope (SEM) 403:438 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 17 theme scanning 405:412 arg1 SEM 435:437 SEM 435:437 SEM 435:437 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 17 theme scanning 405:412 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 18 theme Fourier-transform 327:343 arg1 FTIR 368:371 FTIR 368:371 FTIR 368:371 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 18 theme Fourier-transform 327:343 arg1 spectroscopy 354:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 327:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 327:372 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 18 theme Fourier-transform 327:343 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 4 19 theme optimum 635:641 arg1 pH 643:644 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 0 20 theme Graphene 27:34 arg1 Oxide 36:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 5 21 theme mycotoxins 782:791 arg1 spontaneous 797:807 spontaneous 797:807 spontaneous 797:807 The thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption of the mycotoxins was spontaneous, endothermic and favourable. 30200553 5 21 theme mycotoxins 782:791 arg1 adsorption 764:773 the adsorption 760:773 the adsorption of the mycotoxins 760:791 The thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption of the mycotoxins was spontaneous, endothermic and favourable. 30200553 0 22 theme Magnetic 18:25 arg1 Oxide 36:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 2 23 theme infrared 345:352 arg1 FTIR 368:371 FTIR 368:371 FTIR 368:371 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 23 theme infrared 345:352 arg1 spectroscopy 354:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 327:365 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 327:372 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 2 23 theme infrared 345:352 arg1 procedures 308:317 various procedures 300:317 various procedures 300:317 The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30200553 1 24 theme novel 113:117 arg1 oxide 137:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide 111:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) 111:174 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 1 24 theme novel 113:117 arg1 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 4 25 dep pH 643:644 arg1 isotherm 663:670 5 fit Freundlich isotherm 646:670 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 1 26 theme magnetic 119:126 arg1 oxide 137:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide 111:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) 111:174 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 1 26 theme magnetic 119:126 arg1 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 4 27 theme kinetics 593:600 arg1 experiments 602:612 kinetics experiments 593:612 kinetics experiments 593:612 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 1 28 theme graphene 128:135 arg1 oxide 137:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide 111:141 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) 111:174 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 1 28 theme graphene 128:135 arg1 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 adsorbent 198:206 A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. 30200553 3 29 theme adsorption 445:454 arg1 evaluation 456:465 The adsorption evaluation 441:465 The adsorption evaluation 441:465 The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. 30200553 4 30 theme isotherm 575:582 arg1 data 584:587 Adsorption isotherm data 564:587 Adsorption isotherm data 564:587 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30200553 0 31 theme Adsorbent 8:16 arg1 Oxide 36:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide 0:40 A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins. 30200553 4 32 theme pseudo-second-order 683:701 arg1 models 711:716 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 683:716 the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models 631:716 Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 31181460 1 0 theme ethylene 328:335 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 0 theme ethylene 328:335 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 5 1 from improvement 825:835 arg1 accessibility 850:862 cellulose accessibility 840:862 cellulose accessibility 840:862 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 5 1 from improvement 825:835 arg1 hydrolysis 878:887 enzymatic hydrolysis 868:887 enzymatic hydrolysis 868:887 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 1 2 theme diglycidyl 345:354 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 2 theme diglycidyl 345:354 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 0 3 theme acid 88:91 arg1 pretreatment 93:104 acetic acid pretreatment 81:104 acetic acid pretreatment 81:104 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 1 4 theme glycol 337:342 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 4 theme glycol 337:342 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 8 5 theme high-value 1223:1232 arg1 XOS 1234:1236 both high-value XOS 1218:1236 both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars 1218:1291 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 0 6 from Co-production 0:12 arg1 poplar 66:71 poplar 66:71 poplar 66:71 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 7 7 theme potential 990:998 arg1 mechanisms 1000:1009 Its potential mechanisms 986:1009 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 986:1058 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement were explored by revealing the changes to lignin properties. 31181460 4 8 theme hemicellulose 748:760 arg1 disruption 762:771 hemicellulose disruption 748:771 hemicellulose disruption 748:771 However, enzymatic digestibility remained low (28.3%) despite hemicellulose disruption. 31181460 7 9 theme attributable 1011:1022 arg1 mechanisms 1000:1009 Its potential mechanisms 986:1009 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 986:1058 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement were explored by revealing the changes to lignin properties. 31181460 0 10 from poplar 66:71 arg1 xylooligosaccharides 17:36 xylooligosaccharides 17:36 xylooligosaccharides 17:36 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 0 10 from poplar 66:71 arg1 sugars 54:59 fermentable sugars 42:59 fermentable sugars 42:59 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 0 10 from poplar 66:71 arg1 Co-production 0:12 Co-production 0:12 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment 0:104 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 8 11 theme recalcitrant 1162:1173 arg1 biomass 1187:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 1 12 with treatment 307:315 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 12 with treatment 307:315 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 3 13 theme acid 523:526 arg1 pretreatment 528:539 Acetic acid pretreatment 516:539 Acetic acid pretreatment 516:539 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 5 14 theme enzymatic 868:876 arg1 hydrolysis 878:887 enzymatic hydrolysis 868:887 enzymatic hydrolysis 868:887 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 0 15 theme poly 118:121 arg1 ether 141:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether 118:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 6 16 theme Enzymatic 890:898 arg1 hydrolysis 900:909 Enzymatic hydrolysis 890:909 Enzymatic hydrolysis 890:909 Enzymatic hydrolysis was improved more significantly by successive alkali treatment with PEGDE. 31181460 2 17 theme enzymatic 456:464 arg1 digestibility 466:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 1 18 with acid 291:294 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 18 with acid 291:294 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 19 theme novel 176:180 arg1 process 204:210 A novel combined pretreatment process 174:210 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust 174:228 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 2 20 theme cellulose 427:435 arg1 accessibility 437:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 21 theme sawdust 490:496 arg1 digestibility 466:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 21 theme sawdust 490:496 arg1 composition 414:424 chemical composition 405:424 chemical composition 405:424 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 21 theme sawdust 490:496 arg1 accessibility 437:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 4 22 dep low 728:730 arg1 % 737:737 28.3% 733:737 28.3% 733:737 However, enzymatic digestibility remained low (28.3%) despite hemicellulose disruption. 31181460 1 23 theme combined 182:189 arg1 process 204:210 A novel combined pretreatment process 174:210 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust 174:228 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 24 theme sequential 273:282 arg1 acid 291:294 the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment 269:315 acid 291:294 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 6 25 theme successive 946:955 arg1 treatment 964:972 successive alkali treatment 946:972 successive alkali treatment with PEGDE 946:983 Enzymatic hydrolysis was improved more significantly by successive alkali treatment with PEGDE. 31181460 1 26 theme pretreatment 191:202 arg1 process 204:210 A novel combined pretreatment process 174:210 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust 174:228 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 27 theme acetic 284:289 arg1 acid 291:294 the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment 269:315 acid 291:294 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 0 28 theme glycol 133:138 arg1 ether 141:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether 118:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 3 29 theme cellulose 562:570 arg1 accessibility 572:584 cellulose accessibility 562:584 cellulose accessibility 562:584 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 0 30 theme xylooligosaccharides 17:36 arg1 Co-production 0:12 Co-production 0:12 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment 0:104 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 0 31 theme ethylene 124:131 arg1 ether 141:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether 118:145 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 6 32 with treatment 964:972 arg1 PEGDE 979:983 PEGDE 979:983 PEGDE 979:983 Enzymatic hydrolysis was improved more significantly by successive alkali treatment with PEGDE. 31181460 2 33 theme step 397:400 arg1 Effects 371:377 Effects 371:377 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust 371:496 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 0 34 theme sugars 54:59 arg1 Co-production 0:12 Co-production 0:12 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment 0:104 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 0 35 theme ether 141:145 arg1 treatment 163:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 2 36 theme treatment 387:395 arg1 step 397:400 each treatment step 382:400 each treatment step 382:400 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 1 37 theme poplar 215:220 arg1 sawdust 222:228 poplar sawdust 215:228 poplar sawdust 215:228 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 0 38 theme fermentable 42:52 arg1 sugars 54:59 fermentable sugars 42:59 fermentable sugars 42:59 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 1 39 theme alkali 300:305 arg1 treatment 307:315 the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment 269:315 treatment 307:315 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 5 40 theme alkali 779:784 arg1 treatment 786:794 Post alkali treatment 774:794 Post alkali treatment 774:794 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 3 41 theme high 620:623 arg1 quantity 625:632 a relatively high quantity 607:632 a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan) 607:683 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 1 42 theme sawdust 222:228 arg1 process 204:210 A novel combined pretreatment process 174:210 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust 174:228 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 8 43 theme fermentable 1274:1284 arg1 sugars 1286:1291 fermentable sugars 1274:1291 fermentable sugars 1274:1291 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 0 44 theme alkali 156:161 arg1 treatment 163:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 3 45 dep xylooligosaccharides 637:656 arg1 % 669:669 37.6% 665:669 37.6% of raw xylan 665:682 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 3 45 dep xylooligosaccharides 637:656 arg1 xylan 678:682 raw xylan 674:682 raw xylan 674:682 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 7 46 theme lignin 1102:1107 arg1 properties 1109:1118 lignin properties 1102:1118 lignin properties 1102:1118 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement were explored by revealing the changes to lignin properties. 31181460 6 47 theme alkali 957:962 arg1 treatment 964:972 successive alkali treatment 946:972 successive alkali treatment with PEGDE 946:983 Enzymatic hydrolysis was improved more significantly by successive alkali treatment with PEGDE. 31181460 0 48 theme assisted 147:154 arg1 treatment 163:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment 118:171 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 3 49 theme raw 674:676 arg1 xylan 678:682 raw xylan 674:682 raw xylan 674:682 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 7 50 theme hydrolysis 1037:1046 arg1 improvement 1048:1058 enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 1027:1058 enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 1027:1058 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement were explored by revealing the changes to lignin properties. 31181460 4 51 theme enzymatic 695:703 arg1 digestibility 705:717 enzymatic digestibility 695:717 enzymatic digestibility 695:717 However, enzymatic digestibility remained low (28.3%) despite hemicellulose disruption. 31181460 1 52 theme poly 322:325 arg1 ether 356:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether 322:360 poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) 322:368 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 1 52 theme poly 322:325 arg1 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 PEGDE 363:367 A novel combined pretreatment process of poplar sawdust was established in this study based on the sequential acetic acid and alkali treatment with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). 31181460 8 53 theme woody 1181:1185 arg1 biomass 1187:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 3 54 theme xylan 678:682 arg1 % 669:669 37.6% 665:669 37.6% of raw xylan 665:682 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 3 54 theme xylan 678:682 arg1 xylan 678:682 raw xylan 674:682 raw xylan 674:682 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 3 55 theme xylooligosaccharides 637:656 arg1 quantity 625:632 a relatively high quantity 607:632 a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan) 607:683 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 2 56 from Effects 371:377 arg1 digestibility 466:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 enzymatic digestibility 456:478 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 56 from Effects 371:377 arg1 composition 414:424 chemical composition 405:424 chemical composition 405:424 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 56 from Effects 371:377 arg1 accessibility 437:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 cellulose accessibility 427:449 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 5 57 theme Post 774:777 arg1 treatment 786:794 Post alkali treatment 774:794 Post alkali treatment 774:794 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 8 58 theme high 1260:1263 arg1 yield 1265:1269 relatively high yield 1249:1269 both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars 1218:1291 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 0 59 theme acetic 81:86 arg1 acid 88:91 acetic acid 81:91 acetic acid pretreatment 81:104 Co-production of xylooligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from poplar through acetic acid pretreatment followed by poly (ethylene glycol) ether assisted alkali treatment. 31181460 5 60 theme cellulose 840:848 arg1 accessibility 850:862 cellulose accessibility 840:862 cellulose accessibility 840:862 Post alkali treatment was next applied, leading to improvement on cellulose accessibility and enzymatic hydrolysis. 31181460 7 61 theme enzymatic 1027:1035 arg1 improvement 1048:1058 enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 1027:1058 enzymatic hydrolysis improvement 1027:1058 Its potential mechanisms attributable to enzymatic hydrolysis improvement were explored by revealing the changes to lignin properties. 31181460 8 62 theme sugars 1286:1291 arg1 yield 1265:1269 relatively high yield 1249:1269 both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars 1218:1291 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 8 62 theme sugars 1286:1291 arg1 XOS 1234:1236 both high-value XOS 1218:1236 both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars 1218:1291 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 31181460 2 63 theme poplar 483:488 arg1 sawdust 490:496 poplar sawdust 483:496 poplar sawdust 483:496 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 2 64 theme chemical 405:412 arg1 composition 414:424 chemical composition 405:424 chemical composition 405:424 Effects of each treatment step on chemical composition, cellulose accessibility, and enzymatic digestibility of poplar sawdust was investigated. 31181460 3 65 theme Acetic 516:521 arg1 acid 523:526 Acetic acid 516:526 Acetic acid pretreatment 516:539 Acetic acid pretreatment remarkably increased cellulose accessibility while also producing a relatively high quantity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) (37.6% of raw xylan). 31181460 8 66 theme waste 1175:1179 arg1 biomass 1187:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 recalcitrant waste woody biomass 1162:1193 This work successfully demonstrated that recalcitrant waste woody biomass can be biorefined into both high-value XOS as well as relatively high yield of fermentable sugars. 30465835 2 0 theme force 605:609 arg1 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 0 theme force 605:609 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 1 theme mechanical 702:711 arg1 testing 713:719 mechanical testing 702:719 mechanical testing 702:719 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 3 2 theme composite 913:921 arg1 films 923:927 the corresponding composite films 895:927 the corresponding composite films 895:927 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 5 3 theme ECGF 1219:1222 arg1 films 1224:1228 ECGF films 1219:1228 ECGF films 1219:1228 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 2 4 theme 1H 516:517 arg1 resonance 505:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 481:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) 481:522 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 4 theme 1H 516:517 arg1 NMR 519:521 1H NMR 516:521 1H NMR 516:521 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 5 theme atomic 598:603 arg1 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 AFM 623:625 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 5 theme atomic 598:603 arg1 microscopy 611:620 atomic force microscopy 598:620 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 598:626 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 6 theme UV-vis 650:655 arg1 spectroscopy 658:669 ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy 629:669 ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy 629:669 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 4 7 from % 1067:1067 arg1 humidity 1104:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 7 from % 1067:1067 arg1 films 1082:1086 composite films 1072:1086 composite films at 75% relative humidity 1072:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 5 8 theme cellulose/protein 1147:1163 arg1 films 1175:1179 the cellulose/protein composite films 1143:1179 the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method 1143:1216 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 3 9 dep inter- 865:870 arg1 the 861:863 the 861:863 the 861:863 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 4 10 theme composite 1072:1080 arg1 films 1082:1086 composite films 1072:1086 composite films at 75% relative humidity 1072:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 3 11 theme coupling 828:835 arg1 interactions 837:848 the coupling interactions 824:848 the coupling interactions 824:848 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 4 12 theme vapor 971:975 arg1 permeability 977:988 The water vapor permeability 961:988 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films 961:1006 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 5 13 attach presented 1314:1322 arg1 400 nm 1354:1359 400 nm 1354:1359 400 nm of about 88% 1354:1372 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 13 attach presented 1314:1322 arg1 ratio 1402:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 13 attach presented 1314:1322 arg2 films 1224:1228 ECGF films 1219:1228 ECGF films 1219:1228 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 2 14 theme ultraviolet-visible 629:647 arg1 spectroscopy 658:669 ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy 629:669 ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy 629:669 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 15 theme permeation 529:538 arg1 GPC 556:558 GPC 556:558 GPC 556:558 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 15 theme permeation 529:538 arg1 chromatography 540:553 gel permeation chromatography 525:553 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 525:559 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 6 16 theme water-soluble 1486:1498 arg1 films 1540:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films 1486:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states 1486:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 3 17 theme fabrication 940:950 arg1 process 952:958 the fabrication process 936:958 the fabrication process 936:958 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 2 18 theme gel 525:527 arg1 GPC 556:558 GPC 556:558 GPC 556:558 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 18 theme gel 525:527 arg1 chromatography 540:553 gel permeation chromatography 525:553 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 525:559 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 19 theme water 672:676 arg1 permeability 684:695 water vapor permeability 672:695 water vapor permeability 672:695 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 3 20 theme films 923:927 arg1 intra-molecules 876:890 intra-molecules 876:890 intra-molecules 876:890 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 3 20 theme films 923:927 arg1 inter- 865:870 inter- 865:870 inter- 865:870 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 0 21 theme cellulose-gelatin 6:22 arg1 films 34:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films 0:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels 0:73 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels: Structure and properties. 30465835 5 22 theme higher 1324:1329 arg1 transmittance 1337:1349 higher light transmittance 1324:1349 higher light transmittance 1324:1349 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 23 theme % 1372:1372 arg1 400 nm 1354:1359 400 nm 1354:1359 400 nm of about 88% 1354:1372 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 23 theme % 1372:1372 arg1 ratio 1402:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 1 24 theme NaOH/urea 203:211 arg1 solution 221:228 NaOH/urea aqueous solution 203:228 NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation 203:355 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 0 25 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 films 34:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films 0:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels 0:73 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels: Structure and properties. 30465835 5 26 theme phase 1194:1198 arg1 method 1211:1216 phase separation method 1194:1216 phase separation method 1194:1216 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 27 theme relative 1378:1385 arg1 ratio 1402:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 5 28 theme light 1331:1335 arg1 transmittance 1337:1349 higher light transmittance 1324:1349 higher light transmittance 1324:1349 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 1 29 theme aqueous 213:219 arg1 solution 221:228 NaOH/urea aqueous solution 203:228 NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation 203:355 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 5 30 theme separation 1200:1209 arg1 method 1211:1216 phase separation method 1194:1216 phase separation method 1194:1216 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 2 31 theme scanning 562:569 arg1 microscope 580:589 scanning electron microscope 562:589 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 562:595 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 31 theme scanning 562:569 arg1 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 6 32 from films 1540:1544 arg1 states 1561:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 0 33 dep Structure 76:84 arg1 films 34:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films 0:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels 0:73 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels: Structure and properties. 30465835 6 34 theme cellulose 1500:1508 arg1 films 1540:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films 1486:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states 1486:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 0 35 theme composite 24:32 arg1 films 34:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films 0:38 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels 0:73 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels: Structure and properties. 30465835 1 36 theme microgel 314:321 arg1 casting 332:338 microgel solution casting 314:338 microgel solution casting 314:338 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 6 37 theme dry 1549:1551 arg1 states 1561:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 6 38 theme composite 1530:1538 arg1 films 1540:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films 1486:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states 1486:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 6 39 theme higher 1440:1445 arg1 strength 1455:1462 higher tensile strength 1440:1462 higher tensile strength 1440:1462 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 1 40 theme solution 323:330 arg1 casting 332:338 microgel solution casting 314:338 microgel solution casting 314:338 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 4 41 theme water 965:969 arg1 permeability 977:988 The water vapor permeability 961:988 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films 961:1006 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 2 42 theme elemental 413:421 arg1 analysis 423:430 elemental analysis 413:430 elemental analysis 413:430 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 43 theme infrared 451:458 arg1 FTIR 474:477 FTIR 474:477 FTIR 474:477 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 43 theme infrared 451:458 arg1 spectroscopy 460:471 infrared spectroscopy 451:471 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 451:478 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 4 44 theme protein 1030:1036 arg1 % 1067:1067 higher than 30 wt% 1050:1067 higher than 30 wt% 1050:1067 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 44 theme protein 1030:1036 arg1 content 1038:1044 the protein content 1026:1044 the protein content 1026:1044 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 45 from humidity 1104:1111 arg1 % 1067:1067 higher than 30 wt% 1050:1067 higher than 30 wt% 1050:1067 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 45 from humidity 1104:1111 arg1 films 1082:1086 composite films 1072:1086 composite films at 75% relative humidity 1072:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 45 from humidity 1104:1111 arg1 content 1038:1044 the protein content 1026:1044 the protein content 1026:1044 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 2 46 theme magnetic 496:503 arg1 resonance 505:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 481:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) 481:522 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 46 theme magnetic 496:503 arg1 NMR 519:521 1H NMR 516:521 1H NMR 516:521 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 5 47 theme composite 1165:1173 arg1 films 1175:1179 the cellulose/protein composite films 1143:1179 the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method 1143:1216 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 1 48 theme epichlorohydrin-couple-linked 114:142 arg1 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 1 48 theme epichlorohydrin-couple-linked 114:142 arg1 films 172:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films 114:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) 114:183 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 0 49 theme self-dispersed 50:63 arg1 microgels 65:73 self-dispersed microgels 50:73 self-dispersed microgels 50:73 Novel cellulose-gelatin composite films made from self-dispersed microgels: Structure and properties. 30465835 3 50 theme self-dispersed 750:763 arg1 microgels 783:791 the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels 746:791 the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels 746:791 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 2 51 theme nuclear 488:494 arg1 resonance 505:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 481:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) 481:522 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 51 theme nuclear 488:494 arg1 NMR 519:521 1H NMR 516:521 1H NMR 516:521 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 6 52 theme derivatives/protein 1510:1528 arg1 films 1540:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films 1486:1544 water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states 1486:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 1 53 theme cellulose-gelatin 144:160 arg1 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 1 53 theme cellulose-gelatin 144:160 arg1 films 172:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films 114:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) 114:183 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 4 54 theme 75 1091:1092 arg1 % 1093:1093 % 1093:1093 % 1093:1093 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 3 55 theme cellulose-gelatin 765:781 arg1 microgels 783:791 the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels 746:791 the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels 746:791 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 1 56 link epichlorohydrin-couple-linked 114:142 arg1 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 1 56 link epichlorohydrin-couple-linked 114:142 arg1 films 172:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films 114:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) 114:183 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 6 57 theme wet 1557:1559 arg1 states 1561:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 dry and wet states 1549:1566 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 2 58 theme vapor 678:682 arg1 permeability 684:695 water vapor permeability 672:695 water vapor permeability 672:695 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 1 59 theme composite 162:170 arg1 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 ECGF 179:182 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 1 59 theme composite 162:170 arg1 films 172:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films 114:176 epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) 114:183 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 5 60 theme homogeneous 1245:1255 arg1 surface 1257:1263 more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures 1240:1300 surface 1257:1263 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 2 61 theme electron 571:578 arg1 microscope 580:589 scanning electron microscope 562:589 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 562:595 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 61 theme electron 571:578 arg1 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 SEM 592:594 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 5 62 theme swelling 1393:1400 arg1 ratio 1402:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 1 63 theme films 172:176 arg1 series 104:109 A series 102:109 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) 102:183 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 4 64 theme relative 1095:1102 arg1 humidity 1104:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 1 65 theme homogenous 256:265 arg1 blending 267:274 homogenous blending 256:274 homogenous blending 256:274 A series of epichlorohydrin-couple-linked cellulose-gelatin composite films (ECGF) was fabricated in NaOH/urea aqueous solution using a process involving homogenous blending, coupling, dialysis, self-dispersion, microgel solution casting, and evaporation. 30465835 4 66 theme films 1002:1006 arg1 permeability 977:988 The water vapor permeability 961:988 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films 961:1006 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 5 67 theme cross-section 1277:1289 arg1 structures 1291:1300 more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures 1240:1300 structures 1291:1300 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 6 68 theme ECGF 1419:1422 arg1 films 1424:1428 ECGF films 1419:1428 ECGF films 1419:1428 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 4 69 theme % 1093:1093 arg1 humidity 1104:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 75% relative humidity 1091:1111 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 4 70 theme ECGF 997:1000 arg1 films 1002:1006 the ECGF films 993:1006 the ECGF films 993:1006 The water vapor permeability of the ECGF films was improved when the protein content was higher than 30 wt% in composite films at 75% relative humidity. 30465835 6 71 theme tensile 1447:1453 arg1 strength 1455:1462 higher tensile strength 1440:1462 higher tensile strength 1440:1462 Moreover, ECGF films displayed higher tensile strength compared with that of water-soluble cellulose derivatives/protein composite films in dry and wet states. 30465835 5 72 theme lower 1387:1391 arg1 swelling 1393:1400 lower swelling 1387:1400 relative lower swelling ratio 1378:1406 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 30465835 2 73 theme proton 481:486 arg1 resonance 505:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance 481:513 proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) 481:522 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 2 73 theme proton 481:486 arg1 NMR 519:521 1H NMR 516:521 1H NMR 516:521 Their structure and properties were characterized with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, water vapor permeability, and mechanical testing. 30465835 3 74 theme corresponding 899:911 arg1 films 923:927 the corresponding composite films 895:927 the corresponding composite films 895:927 The results showed that the self-dispersed cellulose-gelatin microgels were successfully prepared and the coupling interactions existed in the inter- and intra-molecules of the corresponding composite films during the fabrication process. 30465835 5 75 theme compact 1269:1275 arg1 structures 1291:1300 more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures 1240:1300 structures 1291:1300 Interestingly, compared with the cellulose/protein composite films prepared via phase separation method, ECGF films exhibited more homogeneous surface and compact cross-section structures, as well as presented higher light transmittance at 400 nm of about 88% and relative lower swelling ratio. 31593733 0 0 theme periodontitis 92:104 arg1 treatment 106:114 periodontitis treatment 92:114 periodontitis treatment 92:114 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 3 1 theme core-sheath 749:759 arg1 structures 761:770 the core-sheath structures 745:770 the core-sheath structures 745:770 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 1 2 theme vinyl 287:291 arg1 poly 281:284 poly 281:284 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) 281:349 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 2 theme vinyl 287:291 arg1 alcohol 293:299 vinyl alcohol 287:299 vinyl alcohol 287:299 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 2 3 theme physicochemical 492:506 arg1 properties 523:532 physicochemical and biological properties 492:532 physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 492:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 1 4 theme core 358:361 arg1 poly 281:284 poly 281:284 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) 281:349 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 4 theme core 358:361 arg1 chitosan 204:211 chitosan 204:211 chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 204:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 4 theme core 358:361 arg1 layer 363:367 the core layer 354:367 the core layer 354:367 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 7 5 theme periodontitis 1548:1560 arg1 treatment 1562:1570 periodontitis treatment 1548:1570 periodontitis treatment 1548:1570 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 5 6 theme shell 1118:1122 arg1 layer 1124:1128 the shell layer 1114:1128 the shell layer 1114:1128 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 7 7 theme delivery 1526:1533 arg1 potential 1483:1491 their potential 1477:1491 their potential for applications 1477:1508 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 7 7 theme delivery 1526:1533 arg1 platform 1535:1542 a novel drug delivery platform 1513:1542 a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment 1513:1570 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 6 8 theme bacterial 1318:1326 arg1 strains 1328:1334 bacterial strains 1318:1334 bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease 1318:1370 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 6 9 theme cross-linked 1250:1261 arg1 nonwovens 1263:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens 1246:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH 1246:1285 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 3 10 theme Defect-free 573:583 arg1 nanofibers 611:620 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers 573:620 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm 573:676 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 2 11 theme nonwovens 547:555 arg1 properties 523:532 physicochemical and biological properties 492:532 physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 492:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 5 12 theme layer 1124:1128 arg1 composition 1099:1109 the composition 1095:1109 the composition of the shell layer 1095:1128 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 4 13 theme mechanical 817:826 arg1 properties 828:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 4 14 from properties 828:837 arg1 medium 889:894 aqueous medium 881:894 aqueous medium 881:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg1 poly 281:284 poly 281:284 poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) 281:349 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg1 PVA 303:305 PVA 303:305 PVA 303:305 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg2 hydrochloride 332:344 tetracycline hydrochloride 319:344 tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) 319:349 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg2 TH 347:348 TH 347:348 TH 347:348 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg1 alcohol 293:299 vinyl alcohol 287:299 vinyl alcohol 287:299 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg1 chitosan 204:211 chitosan 204:211 chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 204:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 15 contain containing 308:317 arg1 layer 363:367 the core layer 354:367 the core layer 354:367 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 2 16 theme resulting 537:545 arg1 nonwovens 547:555 resulting nonwovens 537:555 resulting nonwovens 537:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 7 17 theme novel 1515:1519 arg1 potential 1483:1491 their potential 1477:1491 their potential for applications 1477:1508 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 7 17 theme novel 1515:1519 arg1 platform 1535:1542 a novel drug delivery platform 1513:1542 a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment 1513:1570 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 2 18 theme average 389:395 arg1 degree 397:402 the average degree 385:402 the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan 385:437 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 2 19 theme post-electrospinning 447:466 arg1 crosslinking 476:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 6 20 theme strong 1294:1299 arg1 activity 1301:1308 strong activity 1294:1308 strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease 1294:1370 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 5 21 theme release 1029:1035 arg1 profile 1037:1043 the release profile 1025:1043 the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme 1025:1077 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 5 22 from profile 1037:1043 arg1 presence 1058:1065 the presence 1054:1065 the presence of lysozyme 1054:1077 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 2 23 theme degree 397:402 arg1 effects 374:380 The effects 370:380 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 370:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 0 24 theme nanostructured 12:25 arg1 chitosan-based 27:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based 0:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based 0:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 4 25 from medium 889:894 arg1 properties 828:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 4 25 from medium 889:894 arg1 stability 855:863 the stability 851:863 the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium 851:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 1 26 theme well-defined 218:229 arg1 characteristics 242:256 well-defined structural characteristics 218:256 well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 218:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 0 27 theme Core-sheath 0:10 arg1 chitosan-based 27:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based 0:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based 0:40 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 6 28 link cross-linked 1250:1261 arg1 nonwovens 1263:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens 1246:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH 1246:1285 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 3 29 from diameters 627:635 arg1 range 658:662 the range 654:662 the range of 100-300 nm 654:676 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 1 30 theme structural 231:240 arg1 characteristics 242:256 well-defined structural characteristics 218:256 well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 218:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 2 31 theme chitosan 430:437 arg1 DD‾ 422:424 DD‾ 422:424 DD‾ 422:424 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 2 31 theme chitosan 430:437 arg1 deacetylation 407:419 deacetylation 407:419 deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan 407:437 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 6 32 theme periodontal 1352:1362 arg1 disease 1364:1370 periodontal disease 1352:1370 periodontal disease 1352:1370 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 6 33 dep in 1196:1197 arg1 vitro 1199:1203 vitro 1199:1203 vitro 1199:1203 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 2 34 from effects 374:380 arg1 properties 523:532 physicochemical and biological properties 492:532 physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 492:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 1 35 theme Core-sheath 117:127 arg1 nanofibers 129:138 Core-sheath nanofibers 117:138 Core-sheath nanofibers 117:138 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 5 36 theme release 1141:1147 arg1 rate 1149:1152 the TH release rate 1134:1152 the TH release rate 1134:1152 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 3 37 theme uniform 603:609 arg1 nanofibers 611:620 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers 573:620 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm 573:676 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 1 38 theme tetracycline 319:330 arg1 TH 347:348 TH 347:348 TH 347:348 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 1 38 theme tetracycline 319:330 arg1 hydrochloride 332:344 tetracycline hydrochloride 319:344 tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) 319:349 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 3 39 theme transmission 697:708 arg1 microscopy 719:728 transmission electron microscopy 697:728 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 697:734 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 3 39 theme transmission 697:708 arg1 TEM 731:733 TEM 731:733 TEM 731:733 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 4 40 theme nonwovens 868:876 arg1 properties 828:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties 813:837 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 4 40 theme nonwovens 868:876 arg1 stability 855:863 the stability 851:863 the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium 851:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 5 41 from presence 1058:1065 arg1 profile 1037:1043 the release profile 1025:1043 the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme 1025:1077 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 2 42 theme crosslinking 476:487 arg1 effects 374:380 The effects 370:380 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 370:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 7 43 theme drug 1521:1524 arg1 potential 1483:1491 their potential 1477:1491 their potential for applications 1477:1508 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 7 43 theme drug 1521:1524 arg1 platform 1535:1542 a novel drug delivery platform 1513:1542 a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment 1513:1570 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 4 44 theme TH 981:982 arg1 release 970:976 a sustained release 958:976 a sustained release of TH over 14 days 958:995 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 3 45 with nanofibers 611:620 arg1 diameters 627:635 diameters 627:635 diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm 627:676 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 7 46 theme fibroblast 1438:1447 arg1 cells 1456:1460 fibroblast (HDFn) cells 1438:1460 fibroblast (HDFn) cells 1438:1460 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 1 47 theme shell 265:269 arg1 layer 271:275 the shell layer 261:275 the shell layer 261:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 0 48 theme drug 67:70 arg1 system 81:86 a potential drug delivery system 55:86 a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment 55:114 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 0 49 theme delivery 72:79 arg1 system 81:86 a potential drug delivery system 55:86 a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment 55:114 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 4 50 theme aqueous 881:887 arg1 medium 889:894 aqueous medium 881:894 aqueous medium 881:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 4 51 theme sustained 960:968 arg1 release 970:976 a sustained release 958:976 a sustained release of TH over 14 days 958:995 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 0 52 theme potential 57:65 arg1 system 81:86 a potential drug delivery system 55:86 a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment 55:114 Core-sheath nanostructured chitosan-based nonwovens as a potential drug delivery system for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 6 53 theme in 1196:1197 arg1 activity 1219:1226 in vitro antimicrobial activity 1196:1226 in vitro antimicrobial activity 1196:1226 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 6 54 contain containing 1273:1282 arg2 TH 1284:1285 TH 1284:1285 TH 1284:1285 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 6 54 contain containing 1273:1282 arg1 nonwovens 1263:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens 1246:1271 the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH 1246:1285 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 5 55 theme lysozyme 1070:1077 arg1 presence 1058:1065 the presence 1054:1065 the presence of lysozyme 1054:1077 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 4 56 from nonwovens 868:876 arg1 medium 889:894 aqueous medium 881:894 aqueous medium 881:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31593733 1 57 with chitosan 204:211 arg1 characteristics 242:256 well-defined structural characteristics 218:256 well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 218:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 3 58 theme 100-300 nm 667:676 arg1 range 658:662 the range 654:662 the range of 100-300 nm 654:676 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 7 59 theme HDFn 1450:1453 arg1 cells 1456:1460 fibroblast (HDFn) cells 1438:1460 fibroblast (HDFn) cells 1438:1460 Additionally, the nonwovens did not demonstrate cytotoxic toward fibroblast (HDFn) cells, hence showing their potential for applications as a novel drug delivery platform for periodontitis treatment. 31593733 3 60 theme electron 710:717 arg1 microscopy 719:728 transmission electron microscopy 697:728 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 697:734 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 3 60 theme electron 710:717 arg1 TEM 731:733 TEM 731:733 TEM 731:733 Defect-free and geometrically uniform nanofibers with diameters predominantly in the range of 100-300 nm were prepared, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the core-sheath structures and its preservation after crosslinking. 31593733 1 61 with poly 281:284 arg1 characteristics 242:256 well-defined structural characteristics 218:256 well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer 218:275 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 2 62 theme biological 512:521 arg1 properties 523:532 physicochemical and biological properties 492:532 physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens 492:555 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 2 63 theme deacetylation 407:419 arg1 degree 397:402 the average degree 385:402 the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan 385:437 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 2 63 theme deacetylation 407:419 arg1 crosslinking 476:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 5 64 theme TH 1048:1049 arg1 profile 1037:1043 the release profile 1025:1043 the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme 1025:1077 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 1 65 theme coaxial 171:177 arg1 electrospinning 179:193 coaxial electrospinning 171:193 coaxial electrospinning 171:193 Core-sheath nanofibers were successfully prepared via coaxial electrospinning by using chitosan with well-defined structural characteristics as the shell layer and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) as the core layer. 31593733 2 66 theme genipin 468:474 arg1 crosslinking 476:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking 443:487 The effects of the average degree of deacetylation (DD‾) of chitosan and the post-electrospinning genipin crosslinking on physicochemical and biological properties of resulting nonwovens were evaluated. 31593733 5 67 theme TH 1138:1139 arg1 rate 1149:1152 the TH release rate 1134:1152 the TH release rate 1134:1152 Results also revealed that the release profile of TH in the presence of lysozyme was affected by the composition of the shell layer, as the TH release rate increases with decreasing of DD‾. 31593733 6 68 theme antimicrobial 1205:1217 arg1 activity 1219:1226 in vitro antimicrobial activity 1196:1226 in vitro antimicrobial activity 1196:1226 Further in vitro antimicrobial activity demonstrated that the cross-linked nonwovens containing TH showed strong activity against bacterial strains associated with periodontal disease. 31593733 4 69 from stability 855:863 arg1 medium 889:894 aqueous medium 881:894 aqueous medium 881:894 The mechanical properties, as well as the stability of nonwovens in aqueous medium, were greatly improved by genipin-crosslinking, which enabled a sustained release of TH over 14 days. 31466392 0 0 theme Powdered 67:74 arg1 Food 76:79 Powdered Food 67:79 Powdered Food 67:79 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 5 1 theme use 550:552 arg1 material 561:568 a single use edible material 541:568 a single use edible material for food packaging 541:587 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 properties 807:816 good optical properties 794:816 good optical properties 794:816 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 only 711:714 only 711:714 only 711:714 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 solubilization 889:902 complete solubilization 880:902 complete solubilization 880:902 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 case 858:861 the case 854:861 the case of some samples 854:877 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 2 dep properties 728:737 arg1 margins 766:772 well-defined margins 753:772 well-defined margins 753:772 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 3 dep properties 935:944 arg1 samples 947:953 samples 947:953 samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values 947:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 5 4 theme edible 554:559 arg1 material 561:568 a single use edible material 541:568 a single use edible material for food packaging 541:587 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 7 5 theme light 775:779 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 5 theme light 775:779 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 1 6 from society 104:110 arg1 essential 126:134 essential 126:134 essential 126:134 In today's society, packaging is essential. 31466392 1 7 from essential 126:134 arg1 society 104:110 society 104:110 society 104:110 In today's society, packaging is essential. 31466392 7 8 theme sweet 781:785 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 8 theme sweet 781:785 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 10 9 dep edible 1391:1396 arg1 biodegradable 1399:1411 biodegradable 1399:1411 biodegradable 1399:1411 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 10 9 dep edible 1391:1396 arg1 obtained 1427:1434 obtained 1427:1434 obtained from renewable resources 1427:1459 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 10 9 dep edible 1391:1396 arg1 compostable 1414:1424 compostable 1414:1424 compostable 1414:1424 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 7 10 theme inulin 965:970 arg1 content 972:978 high inulin content 960:978 high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values 960:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 10 11 theme low 1489:1491 arg1 cost 1493:1496 low cost 1489:1496 low cost 1489:1496 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 4 12 theme solutions 418:426 arg1 solutions 418:426 the most promising solutions 399:426 the most promising solutions to these problems 399:444 Biopolymer-based edible packaging is one of the most promising solutions to these problems. 31466392 4 12 theme solutions 418:426 arg1 one 392:394 one 392:394 one 392:394 Biopolymer-based edible packaging is one of the most promising solutions to these problems. 31466392 10 13 theme packaging 1360:1368 arg1 future 1345:1350 future 1345:1350 future 1345:1350 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 10 14 theme successful 1314:1323 arg1 alternative 1325:1335 a successful alternative 1312:1335 a successful alternative for the future of food packaging 1312:1368 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 4 15 theme promising 408:416 arg1 solutions 418:426 the most promising solutions 399:426 the most promising solutions to these problems 399:444 Biopolymer-based edible packaging is one of the most promising solutions to these problems. 31466392 10 16 theme food 1355:1358 arg1 packaging 1360:1368 food packaging 1355:1368 food packaging 1355:1368 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 5 17 theme sodium 490:495 arg1 alginate 497:504 sodium alginate 490:504 sodium alginate 490:504 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 7 18 theme well-defined 753:764 arg1 margins 766:772 well-defined margins 753:772 well-defined margins 753:772 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 8 19 theme mechanical 1115:1124 arg1 properties 1126:1135 mechanical properties 1115:1135 mechanical properties 1115:1135 Even after three months of developing, the values of mechanical properties indicate a strong material. 31466392 7 20 theme mechanical 924:933 arg1 properties 935:944 superior mechanical properties 915:944 superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values) 915:1059 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 5 21 theme single 543:548 arg1 material 561:568 a single use edible material 541:568 a single use edible material for food packaging 541:587 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 7 22 theme high 819:822 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 22 theme high 819:822 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 solubilization 889:902 complete solubilization 880:902 complete solubilization 880:902 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 properties 935:944 superior mechanical properties 915:944 superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values) 915:1059 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 23 from improvements 694:705 arg1 case 858:861 the case 854:861 the case of some samples 854:877 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 5 24 used used 525:528 arg2 agar 481:484 agar 481:484 agar 481:484 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 5 24 used used 525:528 arg2 glycerol 511:518 glycerol 511:518 glycerol 511:518 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 5 24 used used 525:528 arg2 alginate 497:504 sodium alginate 490:504 sodium alginate 490:504 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 5 24 used used 525:528 arg2 biopolymers 461:471 biopolymers 461:471 biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate 461:504 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 5 24 used used 525:528 arg2 inulin 453:458 inulin 453:458 inulin 453:458 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 7 25 theme high 1001:1004 arg1 strength 1014:1021 high tensile strength 1001:1021 high tensile strength 1001:1021 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 26 theme high 1037:1040 arg1 values 1053:1058 extremely high elongation values 1027:1058 extremely high elongation values 1027:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 27 theme solubility 824:833 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 27 theme solubility 824:833 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 28 theme elongation 1042:1051 arg1 values 1053:1058 extremely high elongation values 1027:1058 extremely high elongation values 1027:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 3 29 theme packaging 236:244 arg1 importance 209:218 importance 209:218 importance 209:218 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 3 29 theme packaging 236:244 arg1 role 228:231 key role 224:231 key role 224:231 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 solubilization 889:902 complete solubilization 880:902 complete solubilization 880:902 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 30 theme physical 719:726 arg1 case 858:861 the case 854:861 the case of some samples 854:877 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 8 31 theme properties 1126:1135 arg1 values 1105:1110 the values 1101:1110 the values of mechanical properties 1101:1135 Even after three months of developing, the values of mechanical properties indicate a strong material. 31466392 0 32 theme Packaging 30:38 arg1 Future 15:20 Future 15:20 Future 15:20 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 9 33 theme strong 1232:1237 arg1 material 1268:1275 a strong and completely water-soluble material 1230:1275 a strong and completely water-soluble material 1230:1275 The optimization establishes the composition necessary to obtain a strong and completely water-soluble material. 31466392 3 34 theme key 224:226 arg1 role 228:231 key role 224:231 key role 224:231 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 8 35 theme strong 1148:1153 arg1 material 1155:1162 a strong material 1146:1162 a strong material 1146:1162 Even after three months of developing, the values of mechanical properties indicate a strong material. 31466392 7 36 theme tensile 1006:1012 arg1 strength 1014:1021 high tensile strength 1001:1021 high tensile strength 1001:1021 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 0 37 theme Food 25:28 arg1 Packaging 30:38 Food Packaging 25:38 Food Packaging 25:38 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 3 38 theme environmental 333:345 arg1 threat 347:352 an environmental threat 330:352 an environmental threat 330:352 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 3 38 theme environmental 333:345 arg1 it 299:300 it 299:300 it 299:300 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 7 39 with samples 947:953 arg1 content 972:978 high inulin content 960:978 high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values 960:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 3 40 theme resources 316:324 arg1 waste 307:311 a waste 305:311 a waste of resources 305:324 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 3 40 theme resources 316:324 arg1 threat 347:352 an environmental threat 330:352 an environmental threat 330:352 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 3 40 theme resources 316:324 arg1 it 299:300 it 299:300 it 299:300 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 5 41 theme food 574:577 arg1 packaging 579:587 food packaging 574:587 food packaging 574:587 Thus, inulin, biopolymers such as agar and sodium alginate, and glycerol were used to develop a single use edible material for food packaging. 31466392 0 42 theme Edible 50:55 arg1 Films 57:61 Biobased Edible Films 41:61 Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks 41:90 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 8 43 theme developing 1089:1098 arg1 months 1079:1084 three months 1073:1084 three months of developing 1073:1098 Even after three months of developing, the values of mechanical properties indicate a strong material. 31466392 9 44 theme water-soluble 1254:1266 arg1 material 1268:1275 a strong and completely water-soluble material 1230:1275 a strong and completely water-soluble material 1230:1275 The optimization establishes the composition necessary to obtain a strong and completely water-soluble material. 31466392 7 45 theme superior 915:922 arg1 properties 935:944 superior mechanical properties 915:944 superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values) 915:1059 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 10 46 theme packaging 1291:1299 arg1 type 1283:1286 This type 1278:1286 This type of packaging 1278:1299 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 7 47 theme complete 880:887 arg1 solubilization 889:902 complete solubilization 880:902 complete solubilization 880:902 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 47 theme complete 880:887 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 48 theme inulin-based 652:663 arg1 films 665:669 inulin-based films 652:669 inulin-based films 652:669 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 4 49 theme edible 372:377 arg1 packaging 379:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging 355:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging 355:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging is one of the most promising solutions to these problems. 31466392 7 50 theme good 794:797 arg1 properties 807:816 good optical properties 794:816 good optical properties 794:816 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 51 theme high 960:963 arg1 content 972:978 high inulin content 960:978 high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values 960:1058 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 10 52 theme renewable 1441:1449 arg1 resources 1451:1459 renewable resources 1441:1459 renewable resources 1441:1459 This type of packaging represents a successful alternative for the future of food packaging: they are completely edible, biodegradable, compostable, obtained from renewable resources, and produce zero waste, at low cost. 31466392 4 53 theme Biopolymer-based 355:370 arg1 packaging 379:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging 355:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging 355:387 Biopolymer-based edible packaging is one of the most promising solutions to these problems. 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 properties 807:816 good optical properties 794:816 good optical properties 794:816 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 properties 728:737 physical properties 719:737 physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization) 719:903 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 homogeneity 740:750 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 taste 787:791 light sweet taste 775:791 light sweet taste 775:791 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 solubilization 889:902 complete solubilization 880:902 complete solubilization 880:902 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 capacity 835:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 high solubility capacity 819:842 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 case 858:861 the case 854:861 the case of some samples 854:877 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 54 theme samples 871:877 arg1 margins 766:772 well-defined margins 753:772 well-defined margins 753:772 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 7 55 theme optical 799:805 arg1 properties 807:816 good optical properties 794:816 good optical properties 794:816 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 3 56 dep importance 209:218 arg1 the 205:207 the 205:207 the 205:207 Despite the importance and key role of packaging, they are considered to be useless, as consumers see it as a waste of resources and an environmental threat. 31466392 0 57 theme Biobased 41:48 arg1 Films 57:61 Biobased Edible Films 41:61 Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks 41:90 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 7 58 gly homogeneity 740:750 arg1 samples 871:877 some samples 866:877 some samples 866:877 For inulin-based films, the results highlight improvements not only in physical properties (homogeneity, well-defined margins, light sweet taste, good optical properties, high solubility capacity or, as in the case of some samples, complete solubilization), but also superior mechanical properties (samples with high inulin content into composition had high tensile strength and extremely high elongation values). 31466392 0 59 dep Rethinking 0:9 arg1 Films 57:61 Biobased Edible Films 41:61 Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks 41:90 Rethinking the Future of Food Packaging: Biobased Edible Films for Powdered Food and Drinks. 31466392 9 60 theme necessary 1210:1218 arg1 composition 1198:1208 the composition 1194:1208 the composition necessary to obtain a strong and completely water-soluble material 1194:1275 The optimization establishes the composition necessary to obtain a strong and completely water-soluble material. 30379972 1 0 theme various 165:171 arg1 by-products 213:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 0 theme various 165:171 arg1 types 173:177 various types 165:177 various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) 165:224 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 1 theme simultaneous 261:272 arg1 STA 292:294 STA 292:294 STA 292:294 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 1 theme simultaneous 261:272 arg1 analyses 282:289 simultaneous thermal analyses 261:289 simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 261:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 0 2 theme DAEM 76:79 arg1 approaches 81:90 model-free and DAEM approaches 61:90 model-free and DAEM approaches 61:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 6 3 from decomposition 1098:1110 arg1 reactions 1132:1140 three reactions 1126:1140 three reactions 1126:1140 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 1 4 theme types 173:177 arg1 process 154:160 The pyrolysis process 140:160 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 140:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 5 theme thermal 274:280 arg1 STA 292:294 STA 292:294 STA 292:294 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 5 theme thermal 274:280 arg1 analyses 282:289 simultaneous thermal analyses 261:289 simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 261:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 7 6 theme thermal 1348:1354 arg1 behavior 1356:1363 the thermal behavior 1344:1363 the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing 1344:1415 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 7 7 theme thermochemical 1391:1404 arg1 processing 1406:1415 thermochemical processing 1391:1415 thermochemical processing 1391:1415 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 7 8 theme Kinetic 1236:1242 arg1 point 1287:1291 a starting point 1276:1291 a starting point 1276:1291 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 7 8 theme Kinetic 1236:1242 arg1 model 1244:1248 Kinetic model 1236:1248 Kinetic model applied here 1236:1261 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 6 9 theme biomass 1179:1185 arg1 composition 1160:1170 the composition 1156:1170 the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin 1156:1233 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 3 10 theme mass 583:586 arg1 loss 588:591 mass loss 583:591 mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization 583:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 1 11 from process 154:160 arg1 conditions 244:253 non-isothermal conditions 229:253 non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 229:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 2 12 theme model-free 389:398 arg1 methods 400:406 model-free methods 389:406 model-free methods 389:406 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 4 13 theme pseudo-components 771:787 arg1 cellulose 806:814 cellulose 806:814 cellulose 806:814 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 4 13 theme pseudo-components 771:787 arg1 lignin 821:826 lignin 821:826 lignin 821:826 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 4 13 theme pseudo-components 771:787 arg1 hemicelluloses 790:803 hemicelluloses 790:803 hemicelluloses 790:803 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 4 13 theme pseudo-components 771:787 arg1 summation 752:760 the summation 748:760 the summation of their pseudo-components 748:787 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 0 14 theme optimization 116:127 arg1 procedure 129:137 numerical optimization procedure 106:137 numerical optimization procedure 106:137 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 4 15 theme possible 669:676 arg1 calculation 678:688 The possible calculation 665:688 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin 665:826 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 5 16 theme range 1015:1019 arg1 studies 997:1003 the kinetic studies 985:1003 the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples 985:1038 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 2 17 theme activation 430:439 arg1 model 448:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 17 theme activation 430:439 arg1 DAEM 412:415 DAEM 412:415 DAEM (distributed activation energy model) 412:453 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 0 18 theme numerical 106:114 arg1 optimization 116:127 numerical optimization 106:127 numerical optimization procedure 106:137 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 5 19 theme applicability 950:962 arg1 test 942:945 a quality test 932:945 a quality test of applicability of proposed model 932:980 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 3 20 theme rate 575:578 arg1 prediction 557:566 the curve prediction 547:566 the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization 547:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 1 21 theme biomass 182:188 arg1 by-products 213:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 21 theme biomass 182:188 arg1 types 173:177 various types 165:177 various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) 165:224 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 0 22 theme pyrolysis 12:20 arg1 kinetics 22:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics 0:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches 0:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 6 23 theme biomass 1115:1121 arg1 model 1085:1089 the most physically realistic model 1055:1089 the most physically realistic model 1055:1089 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 6 23 theme biomass 1115:1121 arg1 decomposition 1098:1110 the decomposition 1094:1110 the decomposition of biomass 1094:1121 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 4 24 theme samples 701:707 arg1 calculation 678:688 The possible calculation 665:688 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin 665:826 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 4 25 theme pyrolytic 724:732 arg1 conditions 734:743 pyrolytic conditions 724:743 pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin 724:826 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 0 26 theme Comparative 0:10 arg1 kinetics 22:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics 0:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches 0:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 5 27 theme kinetic 989:995 arg1 studies 997:1003 the kinetic studies 985:1003 the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples 985:1038 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 7 28 theme complex 1307:1313 arg1 models 1315:1320 more complex models 1302:1320 more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing 1302:1415 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 1 29 theme agricultural 191:202 arg1 by-products 213:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 29 theme agricultural 191:202 arg1 types 173:177 various types 165:177 various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) 165:224 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 2 30 theme distribution 470:481 arg1 functions 483:491 Gaussian distribution functions 461:491 Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies 461:514 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 3 31 theme heating 624:630 arg1 rates 632:636 various heating rates 616:636 various heating rates 616:636 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 2 32 theme Devolatilization 315:330 arg1 kinetics 332:339 Devolatilization kinetics 315:339 Devolatilization kinetics 315:339 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 7 33 theme capable 1322:1328 arg1 models 1315:1320 more complex models 1302:1320 more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing 1302:1415 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 2 34 theme Gaussian 461:468 arg1 functions 483:491 Gaussian distribution functions 461:491 Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies 461:514 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 3 35 theme curve 551:555 arg1 prediction 557:566 the curve prediction 547:566 the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization 547:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 3 36 from rates 632:636 arg1 temperature 601:611 temperature 601:611 temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization 601:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 1 37 theme wood 208:211 arg1 by-products 213:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 agricultural and wood by-products 191:223 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 37 theme wood 208:211 arg1 types 173:177 various types 165:177 various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) 165:224 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 0 38 theme biomasses 42:50 arg1 kinetics 22:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics 0:29 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches 0:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 5 39 theme proposed 967:974 arg1 model 976:980 proposed model 967:980 proposed model 967:980 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 6 40 theme realistic 1075:1083 arg1 model 1085:1089 the most physically realistic model 1055:1089 the most physically realistic model 1055:1089 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 6 40 theme realistic 1075:1083 arg1 decomposition 1098:1110 the decomposition 1094:1110 the decomposition of biomass 1094:1121 It seems that the most physically realistic model is the decomposition of biomass in three reactions, depending on the composition of the biomass regarding hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin. 30379972 4 41 theme biomass 693:699 arg1 samples 701:707 biomass samples 693:707 biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin 693:826 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 0 42 theme various 34:40 arg1 biomasses 42:50 various biomasses 34:50 various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches 34:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 2 43 theme energy 441:446 arg1 model 448:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 43 theme energy 441:446 arg1 DAEM 412:415 DAEM 412:415 DAEM (distributed activation energy model) 412:453 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 44 theme energies 507:514 arg1 functions 483:491 Gaussian distribution functions 461:491 Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies 461:514 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 5 45 theme calculated 887:896 arg1 data 898:901 calculated data 887:901 calculated data 887:901 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 3 46 theme various 616:622 arg1 rates 632:636 various heating rates 616:636 various heating rates 616:636 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 2 47 theme activation 496:505 arg1 energies 507:514 activation energies 496:514 activation energies 496:514 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 3 48 used used 539:542 arg2 Results 517:523 Results 517:523 Results obtained 517:532 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 2 49 theme combined 365:372 arg1 application 374:384 combined application 365:384 combined application of model-free methods 365:406 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 7 50 theme plant 1368:1372 arg1 materials 1374:1382 plant materials 1368:1382 plant materials 1368:1382 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 7 51 theme materials 1374:1382 arg1 behavior 1356:1363 the thermal behavior 1344:1363 the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing 1344:1415 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 5 52 theme biomass 1024:1030 arg1 samples 1032:1038 biomass samples 1024:1038 biomass samples 1024:1038 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 7 53 theme starting 1278:1285 arg1 model 1244:1248 Kinetic model 1236:1248 Kinetic model applied here 1236:1261 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 7 53 theme starting 1278:1285 arg1 point 1287:1291 a starting point 1276:1291 a starting point 1276:1291 Kinetic model applied here may serve as a starting point to build more complex models capable of describing the thermal behavior of plant materials during thermochemical processing. 30379972 5 54 theme model 976:980 arg1 applicability 950:962 applicability 950:962 applicability of proposed model 950:980 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 3 55 theme loss 588:591 arg1 rate 575:578 the rate 571:578 the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization 571:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 5 56 theme samples 1032:1038 arg1 range 1015:1019 a wide range 1008:1019 a wide range of biomass samples 1008:1038 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 1 57 theme pyrolysis 144:152 arg1 process 154:160 The pyrolysis process 140:160 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 140:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 1 58 theme non-isothermal 229:242 arg1 conditions 244:253 non-isothermal conditions 229:253 non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) 229:295 The pyrolysis process of various types of biomass (agricultural and wood by-products) in non-isothermal conditions using simultaneous thermal analyses (STA) was investigated. 30379972 3 59 theme numerical 641:649 arg1 optimization 651:662 numerical optimization 641:662 numerical optimization 641:662 Results obtained were used in the curve prediction of the rate of mass loss against temperature at various heating rates by numerical optimization. 30379972 5 60 theme quality 934:940 arg1 test 942:945 a quality test 932:945 a quality test of applicability of proposed model 932:980 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 2 61 theme distributed 418:428 arg1 model 448:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 61 theme distributed 418:428 arg1 DAEM 412:415 DAEM 412:415 DAEM (distributed activation energy model) 412:453 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 0 62 theme model-free 61:70 arg1 approaches 81:90 model-free and DAEM approaches 61:90 model-free and DAEM approaches 61:90 Comparative pyrolysis kinetics of various biomasses based on model-free and DAEM approaches improved with numerical optimization procedure. 30379972 5 63 theme wide 1010:1013 arg1 range 1015:1019 a wide range 1008:1019 a wide range of biomass samples 1008:1038 The differences between experimental and calculated data are less than 3.20% offering a quality test of applicability of proposed model on the kinetic studies of a wide range of biomass samples. 30379972 4 64 dep samples 701:707 arg1 behavior 709:716 behavior 709:716 behavior 709:716 The possible calculation of biomass samples behavior under pyrolytic conditions as the summation of their pseudo-components, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignin is also explored. 30379972 2 65 theme methods 400:406 arg1 model 448:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 distributed activation energy model 418:452 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 65 theme methods 400:406 arg1 DAEM 412:415 DAEM 412:415 DAEM (distributed activation energy model) 412:453 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 30379972 2 65 theme methods 400:406 arg1 application 374:384 combined application 365:384 combined application of model-free methods 365:406 Devolatilization kinetics was implemented through combined application of model-free methods and DAEM (distributed activation energy model) using Gaussian distribution functions of activation energies. 31373226 1 0 theme antifungal 164:173 arg1 properties 175:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties 142:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid 142:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 6 1 theme poor 656:659 arg1 solubility 667:676 Its poor water solubility 652:676 Its poor water solubility 652:676 Its poor water solubility and absorption probably limited this ability. 31373226 4 2 theme Microbial 402:410 arg1 compositions 412:423 Microbial compositions 402:423 Microbial compositions 402:423 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 8 3 theme promising 927:935 arg1 activity 948:955 a promising antifungal activity 925:955 a promising antifungal activity 925:955 Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved. 31373226 0 4 theme invasive 100:107 arg1 candidiasis 109:119 invasive candidiasis 100:119 invasive candidiasis 100:119 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 5 5 theme Ellagic 540:546 arg1 acid 548:551 Ellagic acid 540:551 Ellagic acid 540:551 Results: Ellagic acid presented ability to reduce C. albicans invasion, although this was not statistically significant. 31373226 4 6 theme characterization 477:492 arg1 studies 494:500 characterization studies 477:500 characterization studies of complexes 477:513 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 8 7 theme antifungal 937:946 arg1 activity 948:955 a promising antifungal activity 925:955 a promising antifungal activity 925:955 Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved. 31373226 0 8 theme candidiasis 109:119 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro model 79:95 an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis 79:119 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 4 9 theme complexes 505:513 arg1 concentration 439:451 ellagic acid concentration 426:451 ellagic acid concentration as function of time 426:471 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 4 9 theme complexes 505:513 arg1 compositions 412:423 Microbial compositions 402:423 Microbial compositions 402:423 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 4 9 theme complexes 505:513 arg1 studies 494:500 characterization studies 477:500 characterization studies of complexes 477:513 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 2 10 theme Transwell® 270:279 arg1 inserts 281:287 a Transwell® inserts 268:287 a Transwell® inserts 268:287 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 1 11 theme pure 189:192 arg1 acid 216:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 4 12 theme acid 434:437 arg1 concentration 439:451 ellagic acid concentration 426:451 ellagic acid concentration as function of time 426:471 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 1 13 theme complexed 198:206 arg1 acid 216:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 2 14 theme Candida 308:314 arg1 albicans 316:323 Candida albicans 308:323 Candida albicans 308:323 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 8 15 theme biopharmaceutical 962:978 arg1 properties 980:989 its biopharmaceutical properties 958:989 its biopharmaceutical properties 958:989 Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved. 31373226 2 16 dep methods 234:240 arg1 infected 294:301 infected 294:301 were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model 289:352 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 0 17 theme antifungal 22:31 arg1 properties 33:42 antifungal properties 22:42 antifungal properties 22:42 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 2 18 dep in 339:340 arg1 vitro 342:346 vitro 342:346 vitro 342:346 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 8 19 theme such 997:1000 arg1 activity 1002:1009 such activity 997:1009 such activity 997:1009 Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved. 31373226 1 20 theme acid 216:219 arg1 properties 175:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties 142:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid 142:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 0 21 theme ellagic 47:53 arg1 acid-cyclodextrin 55:71 ellagic acid-cyclodextrin 47:71 ellagic acid-cyclodextrin 47:71 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 7 22 theme antifungal 860:869 arg1 activity 871:878 the antifungal activity 856:878 the antifungal activity 856:878 Water solubility was increased after complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-CD; however, ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD did not improve the antifungal activity. 31373226 2 23 theme Caco-2 243:248 arg1 cells 250:254 Caco-2 cells 243:254 Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts 243:287 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 7 24 theme Water 724:728 arg1 solubility 730:739 Water solubility 724:739 Water solubility 724:739 Water solubility was increased after complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-CD; however, ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD did not improve the antifungal activity. 31373226 3 25 theme Ellagic 355:361 arg1 acid 363:366 Ellagic acid 355:366 Ellagic acid 355:366 Ellagic acid was complexed with cyclodextrins. 31373226 4 26 theme time 468:471 arg1 function 456:463 function 456:463 function of time 456:471 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 7 27 with complexation 761:772 arg1 hydroxypropyl-β-CD 779:796 hydroxypropyl-β-CD 779:796 hydroxypropyl-β-CD 779:796 Water solubility was increased after complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-CD; however, ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD did not improve the antifungal activity. 31373226 0 28 theme acid-cyclodextrin 55:71 arg1 Biopharmaceutical 0:16 Biopharmaceutical 0:16 Biopharmaceutical 0:16 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 0 28 theme acid-cyclodextrin 55:71 arg1 properties 33:42 antifungal properties 22:42 antifungal properties 22:42 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 2 29 theme Materials 222:230 arg1 methods 234:240 Materials & methods 222:240 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 222:353 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 2 30 theme & 232:232 arg1 methods 234:240 Materials & methods 222:240 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 222:353 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 2 31 theme in 339:340 arg1 model 348:352 an in vitro model 336:352 an in vitro model 336:352 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 4 32 theme ellagic 426:432 arg1 concentration 439:451 ellagic acid concentration 426:451 ellagic acid concentration as function of time 426:471 Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. 31373226 2 33 theme a 268:268 arg1 inserts 281:287 a Transwell® inserts 268:287 a Transwell® inserts 268:287 Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. 31373226 5 34 theme C. albicans 581:591 arg1 invasion 593:600 C. albicans invasion 581:600 C. albicans invasion 581:600 Results: Ellagic acid presented ability to reduce C. albicans invasion, although this was not statistically significant. 31373226 0 35 dep in 82:83 arg1 vitro 85:89 vitro 85:89 vitro 85:89 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 8 36 theme ellagic 902:908 arg1 acid 910:913 ellagic acid 902:913 ellagic acid 902:913 Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved. 31373226 7 37 theme ellagic 808:814 arg1 acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD 816:838 ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD 808:838 ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD 808:838 Water solubility was increased after complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-CD; however, ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD did not improve the antifungal activity. 31373226 0 38 theme in 82:83 arg1 model 91:95 an in vitro model 79:95 an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis 79:119 Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis. 31373226 1 39 theme ellagic 208:214 arg1 acid 216:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 pure and complexed ellagic acid 189:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 1 40 theme biopharmaceutical 142:158 arg1 properties 175:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties 142:184 biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid 142:219 Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. 31373226 6 41 theme water 661:665 arg1 solubility 667:676 Its poor water solubility 652:676 Its poor water solubility 652:676 Its poor water solubility and absorption probably limited this ability. 30965196 4 0 theme minimum 670:676 arg1 yield 678:682 minimum yield 670:682 minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) 670:739 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 1 theme 40:60 857:861 arg1 1:6 831:833 1:6 831:833 1:6 831:833 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 1 theme 40:60 857:861 arg1 ratio 848:852 HDPE-to-SCB ratio 836:852 HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60 836:861 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 1 theme 40:60 857:861 arg1 temperature 868:878 temperature 868:878 temperature 868:878 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 2 theme 500 °C 883:888 arg1 ratio 822:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 800:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 800:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 2 3 theme temperature 356:366 arg1 effects 336:342 The effects 332:342 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions 332:473 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 2 4 theme reaction 347:354 arg1 temperature 356:366 reaction temperature 347:366 reaction temperature 347:366 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 1 5 theme electric 271:278 arg1 FAU-EAFS 298:305 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) 271:306 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 271:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 3 6 theme bio-oil 593:599 arg1 quality 582:588 the quality 578:588 the quality of bio-oil 578:599 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS increased the liquid yield and enhanced the quality of bio-oil. 30965196 5 7 theme calorific 945:953 arg1 value 955:959 higher calorific value 938:959 higher calorific value 938:959 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 1 8 theme arc 280:282 arg1 FAU-EAFS 298:305 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) 271:306 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 271:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 3 9 theme HDPE 519:522 arg1 co-pyrolysis 495:506 The co-pyrolysis 491:506 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS 491:536 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS increased the liquid yield and enhanced the quality of bio-oil. 30965196 1 10 theme furnace 284:290 arg1 FAU-EAFS 298:305 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) 271:306 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 271:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 4 11 theme compounds 698:706 arg1 yield 678:682 minimum yield 670:682 minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) 670:739 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 1 12 from FAU-EAFS 298:305 arg1 reactor 323:329 a fixed-bed reactor 311:329 a fixed-bed reactor 311:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 2 13 theme product 423:429 arg1 yields 442:447 product fractional yields 423:447 product fractional yields 423:447 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 2 14 theme HDPE-to-SCB 402:412 arg1 ratio 414:418 HDPE-to-SCB ratio 402:418 HDPE-to-SCB ratio 402:418 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 4 15 theme 1:6 831:833 arg1 ratio 822:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 800:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 800:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 2 16 theme chemical 453:460 arg1 compositions 462:473 chemical compositions 453:473 chemical compositions 453:473 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 4 17 with bio-oil 614:620 arg1 yield 678:682 minimum yield 670:682 minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) 670:739 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 18 theme ratio 848:852 arg1 ratio 822:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 800:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 800:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 5 19 theme catalytic 911:919 arg1 co-pyrolysis 921:932 catalytic co-pyrolysis 911:932 catalytic co-pyrolysis 911:932 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 1 20 theme waste 191:195 arg1 HDPE 224:227 HDPE 224:227 HDPE 224:227 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 1 20 theme waste 191:195 arg1 polyethylene 210:221 waste high-density polyethylene 191:221 waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) 191:228 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 0 21 theme Catalytic 0:8 arg1 co-pyrolysis 10:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis 0:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 0:107 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 1 22 theme slag 292:295 arg1 FAU-EAFS 298:305 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) 271:306 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 271:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 4 23 theme HDPE-to-SCB 836:846 arg1 ratio 848:852 HDPE-to-SCB ratio 836:852 HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60 836:861 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 24 with yield 650:654 arg1 yield 678:682 minimum yield 670:682 minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) 670:739 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 1 25 theme high-density 197:208 arg1 HDPE 224:227 HDPE 224:227 HDPE 224:227 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 1 25 theme high-density 197:208 arg1 polyethylene 210:221 waste high-density polyethylene 191:221 waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) 191:228 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 0 26 theme sugarcane 26:34 arg1 bagasse 36:42 sugarcane bagasse 26:42 sugarcane bagasse 26:42 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 2 27 from effects 336:342 arg1 yields 442:447 product fractional yields 423:447 product fractional yields 423:447 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 2 27 from effects 336:342 arg1 compositions 462:473 chemical compositions 453:473 chemical compositions 453:473 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 4 28 dep compounds 698:706 arg1 % 720:720 acid = 0.57% 709:720 acid = 0.57% 709:720 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 28 dep compounds 698:706 arg1 % 738:738 ester = 0.67% 726:738 ester = 0.67% 726:738 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 5 29 contain had 934:936 arg1 oil 895:897 The oil 891:897 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis 891:932 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 5 29 contain had 934:936 arg2 value 955:959 higher calorific value 938:959 higher calorific value 938:959 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 1 30 theme polyethylene 210:221 arg1 co-pyrolysis 147:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis 133:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 133:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 5 31 theme higher 938:943 arg1 value 955:959 higher calorific value 938:959 higher calorific value 938:959 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 5 32 theme SCB 1003:1005 arg1 pyrolysis 990:998 the pyrolysis 986:998 the pyrolysis of SCB alone 986:1011 The oil produced by catalytic co-pyrolysis had higher calorific value than the oil produced by the pyrolysis of SCB alone. 30965196 1 33 theme sugarcane 163:171 arg1 bagasse 173:179 sugarcane bagasse 163:179 sugarcane bagasse (SCB) 163:185 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 1 33 theme sugarcane 163:171 arg1 SCB 182:184 SCB 182:184 SCB 182:184 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 4 34 theme oxygenated 687:696 arg1 compounds 698:706 oxygenated compounds 687:706 oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) 687:739 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 35 theme catalyst-to-feedstock 800:820 arg1 ratio 822:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 800:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 800:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 2 36 theme ratio 391:395 arg1 effects 336:342 The effects 332:342 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions 332:473 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 0 37 theme bagasse 36:42 arg1 co-pyrolysis 10:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis 0:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 0:107 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 2 38 theme ratio 414:418 arg1 effects 336:342 The effects 332:342 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions 332:473 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 0 39 theme high-density 54:65 arg1 polyethylene 67:78 waste high-density polyethylene 48:78 waste high-density polyethylene 48:78 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 1 40 attach derived 258:264 arg1 FAU-EAFS 298:305 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) 271:306 electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 271:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 1 40 attach derived 258:264 arg2 zeolite 250:256 zeolite 250:256 zeolite 250:256 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 3 41 theme SCB 511:513 arg1 co-pyrolysis 495:506 The co-pyrolysis 491:506 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS 491:536 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS increased the liquid yield and enhanced the quality of bio-oil. 30965196 0 42 theme waste 48:52 arg1 polyethylene 67:78 waste high-density polyethylene 48:78 waste high-density polyethylene 48:78 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 1 43 theme fixed-bed 313:321 arg1 reactor 323:329 a fixed-bed reactor 311:329 a fixed-bed reactor 311:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 4 44 theme temperature 868:878 arg1 ratio 822:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 800:826 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 800:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 45 theme maximum 606:612 arg1 bio-oil 614:620 The maximum bio-oil 602:620 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) 602:632 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 45 theme maximum 606:612 arg1 % 631:631 68.56 wt% 623:631 68.56 wt% 623:631 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 46 theme ratio 822:826 arg1 conditions 786:795 the optimum experimental conditions 761:795 the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 761:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 1 47 theme catalytic 137:145 arg1 co-pyrolysis 147:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis 133:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 133:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30965196 4 48 theme optimum 765:771 arg1 conditions 786:795 the optimum experimental conditions 761:795 the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 761:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 3 49 theme liquid 552:557 arg1 yield 559:563 the liquid yield 548:563 the liquid yield 548:563 The co-pyrolysis of SCB and HDPE over FAU-EAFS increased the liquid yield and enhanced the quality of bio-oil. 30965196 4 50 theme hydrocarbon 638:648 arg1 yield 650:654 hydrocarbon yield 638:654 hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) 638:663 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 4 50 theme hydrocarbon 638:648 arg1 % 662:662 74.55% 657:662 74.55% 657:662 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 2 51 theme fractional 431:440 arg1 yields 442:447 product fractional yields 423:447 product fractional yields 423:447 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 2 52 theme catalyst-to-feedstock 369:389 arg1 ratio 391:395 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 369:395 catalyst-to-feedstock ratio 369:395 The effects of reaction temperature, catalyst-to-feedstock ratio, and HDPE-to-SCB ratio on product fractional yields and chemical compositions were discussed. 30965196 0 53 theme polyethylene 67:78 arg1 co-pyrolysis 10:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis 0:21 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 0:107 Catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene over faujasite-type zeolite. 30965196 4 54 theme experimental 773:784 arg1 conditions 786:795 the optimum experimental conditions 761:795 the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C 761:888 The maximum bio-oil (68.56 wt%) and hydrocarbon yield (74.55%) with minimum yield of oxygenated compounds (acid = 0.57% and ester = 0.67%) were achieved under the optimum experimental conditions of catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 1:6, HDPE-to-SCB ratio of 40:60, and temperature of 500 °C. 30965196 1 55 theme bagasse 173:179 arg1 co-pyrolysis 147:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis 133:158 the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor 133:329 This study investigated the catalytic co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over faujasite-type zeolite derived from electric arc furnace slag (FAU-EAFS) in a fixed-bed reactor. 30567341 9 0 theme strains 1292:1298 arg1 growth 1266:1271 the growth 1262:1271 the growth of these probiotic strains 1262:1298 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 8 1 theme galacto-oligosaccharide 1120:1142 arg1 mixtures 1144:1151 these galacto-oligosaccharide mixtures 1114:1151 these galacto-oligosaccharide mixtures 1114:1151 lactis Bif1 and Bif3, were grown on these galacto-oligosaccharide mixtures. 30567341 2 2 theme β-1,6 395:399 arg1 Lb-GOS 429:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 2 theme β-1,6 395:399 arg1 linkages 412:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages 385:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 385:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 9 3 located found 1404:1408 arg1 mixture 1424:1430 the Lb-GOS mixture 1413:1430 the Lb-GOS mixture 1413:1430 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 9 3 located found 1404:1408 arg2 types 1389:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types 1356:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations 1356:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 3 4 with trisaccharides 542:555 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 4 with trisaccharides 542:555 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 4 with trisaccharides 542:555 arg1 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 4 with trisaccharides 542:555 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 4 with trisaccharides 542:555 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 5 theme lactobionic 665:675 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 5 theme lactobionic 665:675 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 6 6 theme prebiotic 915:923 arg1 4'GOS-P 935:941 4'GOS-P 935:941 4'GOS-P 935:941 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 6 theme prebiotic 915:923 arg1 GOS 955:957 Vivinal GOS 947:957 Vivinal GOS (V-GOS) 947:965 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 6 theme prebiotic 915:923 arg1 mixtures 925:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 7 theme Vivinal 947:953 arg1 GOS 955:957 Vivinal GOS 947:957 Vivinal GOS (V-GOS) 947:965 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 7 theme Vivinal 947:953 arg1 mixtures 925:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 7 theme Vivinal 947:953 arg1 V-GOS 960:964 V-GOS 960:964 V-GOS 960:964 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 2 8 theme probiotic 311:319 arg1 isolate 335:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate 299:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 299:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 9 theme % 588:588 arg1 pentasaccharides 590:605 1.0% pentasaccharides 585:605 1.0% pentasaccharides 585:605 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 7 10 dep L. 1006:1007 arg1 reuteri 1009:1015 reuteri 1009:1015 reuteri 1009:1015 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 2 11 theme potential 301:309 arg1 isolate 335:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate 299:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 299:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 9 12 theme Lb-GOS 1417:1422 arg1 mixture 1424:1430 the Lb-GOS mixture 1413:1430 the Lb-GOS mixture 1413:1430 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 8 13 theme lactis 1078:1083 arg1 Bif1 1085:1088 lactis Bif1 1078:1088 lactis Bif1 1078:1088 lactis Bif1 and Bif3, were grown on these galacto-oligosaccharide mixtures. 30567341 6 14 theme activity 833:840 arg1 scores 842:847 the fermentation activity scores 816:847 the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation 816:874 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 3 15 theme % 561:561 arg1 tetrasaccharides 563:578 4.8% tetrasaccharides 558:578 4.8% tetrasaccharides 558:578 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 10 16 theme food 1643:1646 arg1 ingredients 1648:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 2 17 theme growth 150:155 arg1 stimulation 157:167 the specific growth stimulation 137:167 the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 137:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 18 with disaccharides 521:533 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 18 with disaccharides 521:533 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 18 with disaccharides 521:533 arg1 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 18 with disaccharides 521:533 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 18 with disaccharides 521:533 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 6 19 theme fermentation 820:831 arg1 scores 842:847 the fermentation activity scores 816:847 the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation 816:874 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 9 20 located found 1190:1194 arg1 addition 1157:1164 addition 1157:1164 addition 1157:1164 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 9 20 located found 1190:1194 arg2 mixture 1178:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 10 21 theme ingredients 1648:1658 arg1 formulations 1593:1604 the formulations 1589:1604 the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1589:1658 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 9 22 theme fermentation 1211:1222 arg1 scores 1233:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 2 23 theme specific 141:148 arg1 stimulation 157:167 the specific growth stimulation 137:167 the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 137:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 7 24 theme highest 972:978 arg1 scores 980:985 The highest scores 968:985 The highest scores 968:985 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 2 25 theme termed 422:427 arg1 Lb-GOS 429:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 25 theme termed 422:427 arg1 linkages 412:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages 385:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 385:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 6 26 used used 767:770 arg2 strains 754:760 strains 754:760 strains 754:760 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 27 theme available 905:913 arg1 4'GOS-P 935:941 4'GOS-P 935:941 4'GOS-P 935:941 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 27 theme available 905:913 arg1 GOS 955:957 Vivinal GOS 947:957 Vivinal GOS (V-GOS) 947:965 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 6 27 theme available 905:913 arg1 mixtures 925:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 two commercially available prebiotic mixtures 888:932 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 0 28 theme Novel 20:24 arg1 Mixture 50:56 a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture 18:56 a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture 18:56 Fermentability of a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture by Lactobacillus spp. 30567341 3 29 theme monosaccharides 635:649 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 29 theme monosaccharides 635:649 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 29 theme monosaccharides 635:649 arg1 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 29 theme monosaccharides 635:649 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 29 theme monosaccharides 635:649 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 9 30 theme higher 1204:1209 arg1 scores 1233:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 3 31 theme 1.0 585:587 arg1 % 588:588 % 588:588 % 588:588 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 9 32 theme glycosidic 1370:1379 arg1 types 1389:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types 1356:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations 1356:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 9 33 theme other 1448:1452 arg1 preparations 1469:1480 the other two commercial preparations 1444:1480 the other two commercial preparations 1444:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 2 34 theme bacteria 199:206 arg1 stimulation 157:167 the specific growth stimulation 137:167 the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 137:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 35 theme Lactobacillus 321:333 arg1 isolate 335:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate 299:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 299:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 36 theme 33.5 515:518 arg1 % 519:519 % 519:519 % 519:519 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 0 37 theme Mixture 50:56 arg1 Fermentability 0:13 Fermentability 0:13 Fermentability of a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture by Lactobacillus 0:73 Fermentability of a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture by Lactobacillus spp. 30567341 2 38 theme intestinal 188:197 arg1 bacteria 199:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 10 39 theme functional 1632:1641 arg1 ingredients 1648:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 2 40 theme single-strain 443:455 arg1 fermentations 457:469 single-strain fermentations 443:469 single-strain fermentations 443:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 0 41 theme Galacto-Oligosaccharide 26:48 arg1 Mixture 50:56 a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture 18:56 a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture 18:56 Fermentability of a Novel Galacto-Oligosaccharide Mixture by Lactobacillus spp. 30567341 3 42 with tetrasaccharides 563:578 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 42 with tetrasaccharides 563:578 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 42 with tetrasaccharides 563:578 arg1 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 42 with tetrasaccharides 563:578 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 42 with tetrasaccharides 563:578 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 2 43 theme desired 180:186 arg1 bacteria 199:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 44 with pentasaccharides 590:605 arg1 acid 677:680 lactobionic acid 665:680 lactobionic acid (0.3%) 665:687 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 44 with pentasaccharides 590:605 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 44 with pentasaccharides 590:605 arg1 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 lactose 652:658 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 44 with pentasaccharides 590:605 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 44 with pentasaccharides 590:605 arg1 % 686:686 0.3% 683:686 0.3% 683:686 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 7 45 theme Bifidobacterium 1034:1048 arg1 strains 1050:1056 the two Bifidobacterium strains 1026:1056 the two Bifidobacterium strains 1026:1056 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 3 46 theme mixture 503:509 arg1 composition 476:486 The composition 472:486 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture 472:509 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 46 theme mixture 503:509 arg1 disaccharides 521:533 33.5% disaccharides 515:533 33.5% disaccharides 515:533 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 47 theme % 540:540 arg1 trisaccharides 542:555 60.5% trisaccharides 536:555 60.5% trisaccharides 536:555 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 7 48 theme animalis 1062:1069 arg1 Lb46 1017:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 7 48 theme animalis 1062:1069 arg1 subsp 1071:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 2 49 theme certain 172:178 arg1 bacteria 199:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 certain desired intestinal bacteria 172:206 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 9 50 theme commercial 1458:1467 arg1 preparations 1469:1480 the other two commercial preparations 1444:1480 the other two commercial preparations 1444:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 6 51 theme single-strain 775:787 arg1 fermentations 789:801 single-strain fermentations 775:801 single-strain fermentations 775:801 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 2 52 theme β-1,3 385:389 arg1 Lb-GOS 429:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 52 theme β-1,3 385:389 arg1 linkages 412:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages 385:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 385:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 5 53 theme Bifidobacterium 733:747 arg1 spp 749:751 three Bifidobacterium spp 727:751 three Bifidobacterium spp 727:751 strains and three Bifidobacterium spp. 30567341 9 54 theme different 1360:1368 arg1 types 1389:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types 1356:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations 1356:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 10 55 theme Lb-GOS 1517:1522 arg1 mixture 1524:1530 the Lb-GOS mixture 1513:1530 the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work 1513:1561 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 2 56 theme galacto-oligosaccharide 219:241 arg1 mixture 243:249 a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture 211:249 a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture 211:249 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 57 theme negligible 614:623 arg1 amount 625:630 a negligible amount 612:630 a negligible amount of monosaccharides 612:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 57 theme negligible 614:623 arg1 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 monosaccharides 635:649 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 58 theme 60.5 536:539 arg1 % 540:540 % 540:540 % 540:540 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 2 59 contain contained 348:356 arg1 isolate 335:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate 299:341 a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 299:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 59 contain contained 348:356 arg2 oligosaccharides 365:380 oligosaccharides 365:380 oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 365:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 10 60 theme carbohydrate-based 1613:1630 arg1 ingredients 1648:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 2 61 theme novel 213:217 arg1 mixture 243:249 a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture 211:249 a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture 211:249 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 3 62 theme % 519:519 arg1 disaccharides 521:533 33.5% disaccharides 515:533 33.5% disaccharides 515:533 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 3 62 theme % 519:519 arg1 composition 476:486 The composition 472:486 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture 472:509 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 9 63 theme linkage 1381:1387 arg1 types 1389:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types 1356:1393 the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations 1356:1480 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 7 64 theme B. 1059:1060 arg1 Lb46 1017:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 7 64 theme B. 1059:1060 arg1 subsp 1071:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 6 65 theme preparation 864:874 arg1 scores 842:847 the fermentation activity scores 816:847 the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation 816:874 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 3 66 theme 4.8 558:560 arg1 % 561:561 % 561:561 % 561:561 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 9 67 contain have 1199:1202 arg2 scores 1233:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 9 67 contain have 1199:1202 arg1 mixture 1178:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 10 68 theme new 1609:1611 arg1 ingredients 1648:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients 1609:1658 These findings suggested that the Lb-GOS mixture that is described in this work should be of interest for the formulations of new carbohydrate-based functional food ingredients. 30567341 6 69 theme Lb-GOS 857:862 arg1 preparation 864:874 this Lb-GOS preparation 852:874 this Lb-GOS preparation 852:874 strains were used in single-strain fermentations to determine the fermentation activity scores of this Lb-GOS preparation compared to two commercially available prebiotic mixtures, 4'GOS-P and Vivinal GOS (V-GOS). 30567341 3 70 theme Lb-GOS 496:501 arg1 mixture 503:509 this Lb-GOS mixture 491:509 this Lb-GOS mixture 491:509 The composition of this Lb-GOS mixture was 33.5% disaccharides, 60.5% trisaccharides, 4.8% tetrasaccharides, and 1.0% pentasaccharides with a negligible amount of monosaccharides, lactose, and lactobionic acid (0.3%). 30567341 9 71 theme Lb-GOS 1171:1176 arg1 mixture 1178:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 the Lb-GOS mixture 1167:1184 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 2 72 theme linkages 412:419 arg1 oligosaccharides 365:380 oligosaccharides 365:380 oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 365:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 9 73 theme activity 1224:1231 arg1 scores 1233:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 higher fermentation activity scores 1204:1238 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 9 74 theme probiotic 1282:1290 arg1 strains 1292:1298 these probiotic strains 1276:1298 these probiotic strains 1276:1298 In addition, the Lb-GOS mixture was found to have higher fermentation activity scores; hence, it stimulated the growth of these probiotic strains more than 4'GOS-P and V-GOS, which may be attributed to the different glycosidic linkage types that are found in the Lb-GOS mixture compared to the other two commercial preparations. 30567341 7 75 theme L. 1006:1007 arg1 Lb46 1017:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 L. reuteri Lb46 1006:1020 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 7 75 theme L. 1006:1007 arg1 subsp 1071:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 B. animalis subsp 1059:1075 The highest scores were obtained when L. reuteri Lb46 and the two Bifidobacterium strains, B. animalis subsp. 30567341 2 76 theme glycosidic 401:410 arg1 Lb-GOS 429:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 termed Lb-GOS 422:434 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 76 theme glycosidic 401:410 arg1 linkages 412:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages 385:419 β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) 385:435 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30567341 2 77 from isolate 335:341 arg1 β-galactosidase 278:292 a β-galactosidase 276:292 a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations 276:469 This study aimed to investigate the specific growth stimulation of certain desired intestinal bacteria by a novel galacto-oligosaccharide mixture, which was produced with a β-galactosidase from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus isolate that contained mainly oligosaccharides of β-1,3 and β-1,6 glycosidic linkages (termed Lb-GOS) using single-strain fermentations. 30765332 8 0 theme HT29-methotrexate 1153:1169 arg1 line 1184:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 6 1 theme MAP 897:899 arg1 kinase 902:907 p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 866:907 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 4 2 theme animal 552:557 arg1 gelatin 559:565 animal gelatin 552:565 animal gelatin 552:565 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 10 3 from cells 1564:1568 arg1 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β 1483:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 3 from cells 1564:1568 arg1 reduction 1577:1585 a reduction 1575:1585 a reduction of mucin-2 expression 1575:1607 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 3 from cells 1564:1568 arg1 sensor 1533:1538 a sensor 1531:1538 a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells 1531:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 8 4 theme cell 1179:1182 arg1 line 1184:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 6 5 theme protein 888:894 arg1 kinase 902:907 p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 866:907 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 13 6 theme gut 1980:1982 arg1 cells 1995:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 6 7 theme p38 866:868 arg1 kinase 902:907 p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 866:907 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 8 8 theme TUDCA 1244:1248 arg1 presence 1221:1228 presence 1221:1228 presence 1221:1228 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 8 8 theme TUDCA 1244:1248 arg1 absence 1233:1239 absence 1233:1239 absence 1233:1239 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 10 9 theme stress 1546:1551 arg1 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β 1483:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 9 theme stress 1546:1551 arg1 reduction 1577:1585 a reduction 1575:1585 a reduction of mucin-2 expression 1575:1607 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 9 theme stress 1546:1551 arg1 sensor 1533:1538 a sensor 1531:1538 a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells 1531:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 13 10 theme CONCLUSIONS 1941:1951 arg1 MDX 1953:1955 CONCLUSIONS MDX 1941:1955 CONCLUSIONS MDX 1941:1955 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 4 11 theme propylene 531:539 arg1 glycol 541:546 propylene glycol 531:546 propylene glycol 531:546 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 11 12 with Stimulation 1669:1679 arg1 MDX 1760:1762 MDX 1760:1762 MDX 1760:1762 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 8 13 theme MAP 1259:1261 arg1 inhibitor 1270:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 11 14 theme protein 1791:1797 arg1 1β 1799:1800 protein 1β 1791:1800 protein 1β 1791:1800 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 6 15 theme H&E 929:931 arg1 staining 933:940 H&E staining 929:940 H&E staining 929:940 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 8 16 theme inhibitor 1270:1278 arg1 presence 1221:1228 presence 1221:1228 presence 1221:1228 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 8 16 theme inhibitor 1270:1278 arg1 absence 1233:1239 absence 1233:1239 absence 1233:1239 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 10 17 theme mucin-2 1590:1596 arg1 expression 1598:1607 mucin-2 expression 1590:1607 mucin-2 expression 1590:1607 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 11 18 theme kinase-dependent 1816:1831 arg1 mechanism 1833:1841 a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism 1806:1841 a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism 1806:1841 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 1 19 attach present 224:230 arg2 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 19 attach present 224:230 arg2 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 19 attach present 224:230 arg2 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 19 attach present 224:230 arg2 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 19 attach present 224:230 arg1 diet 247:250 the Western diet 235:250 the Western diet 235:250 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 7 20 theme ribosomal 1042:1050 arg1 sequencing 1056:1065 ribosomal RNA sequencing 1042:1065 ribosomal RNA sequencing 1042:1065 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. 30765332 7 21 theme Mucosa-associated 976:992 arg1 composition 1005:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition 976:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition 976:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. 30765332 1 22 theme AIMS 146:149 arg1 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 22 theme AIMS 146:149 arg1 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 22 theme AIMS 146:149 arg1 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 22 theme AIMS 146:149 arg1 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 6 23 theme kinase 902:907 arg1 quantification 909:922 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 11 24 theme cells 1749:1753 arg1 Stimulation 1669:1679 Stimulation 1669:1679 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX 1669:1762 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 11 25 theme cell 1739:1742 arg1 cells 1749:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 0 26 theme Mucus 76:80 arg1 Depletion 82:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 5 27 theme inhibitor 724:732 arg1 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 27 theme inhibitor 724:732 arg1 acid 755:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid 686:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) 686:766 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 3 28 from effect 401:406 arg1 inflammation 447:458 gut inflammation 443:458 gut inflammation 443:458 In this study we examined the effect of some of these food additives on gut inflammation. 30765332 10 29 theme mechanisms 1424:1433 arg1 Analysis 1408:1415 Analysis 1408:1415 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX 1408:1474 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 0 30 theme Intestinal 108:117 arg1 Inflammation 119:130 Intestinal Inflammation 108:130 Intestinal Inflammation 108:130 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 10 31 theme MDX 1472:1474 arg1 effect 1462:1467 the detrimental effect 1446:1467 the detrimental effect of MDX 1446:1474 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 0 32 theme Endoplasmic 40:50 arg1 Reticulum 52:60 Endoplasmic Reticulum 40:60 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 10 33 from reduction 1577:1585 arg1 cells 1564:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 3 34 theme some 411:414 arg1 effect 401:406 the effect 397:406 the effect of some of these food additives on gut inflammation 397:458 In this study we examined the effect of some of these food additives on gut inflammation. 30765332 10 35 theme inositol 1500:1507 arg1 1β 1527:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 3 36 theme gut 443:445 arg1 inflammation 447:458 gut inflammation 443:458 gut inflammation 443:458 In this study we examined the effect of some of these food additives on gut inflammation. 30765332 0 37 theme Additive 9:16 arg1 Maltodextrin 18:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin 0:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin 0:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 10 38 from sensor 1533:1538 arg1 cells 1564:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 1 39 theme BACKGROUND 133:142 arg1 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 39 theme BACKGROUND 133:142 arg1 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 39 theme BACKGROUND 133:142 arg1 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 39 theme BACKGROUND 133:142 arg1 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 8 40 dep presence 1221:1228 arg1 the 1217:1219 the 1217:1219 the 1217:1219 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 11 41 theme intestinal 1691:1700 arg1 crypts 1702:1707 murine intestinal crypts 1684:1707 murine intestinal crypts 1684:1707 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 10 42 theme mucosa-associated 1639:1655 arg1 microbiota 1657:1666 mucosa-associated microbiota 1639:1666 mucosa-associated microbiota 1639:1666 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 9 43 theme animal 1340:1345 arg1 gelatin 1347:1353 animal gelatin 1340:1353 animal gelatin 1340:1353 RESULTS Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models. 30765332 1 44 located present 224:230 arg2 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 44 located present 224:230 arg2 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 44 located present 224:230 arg2 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 44 located present 224:230 arg2 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 44 located present 224:230 arg1 diet 247:250 the Western diet 235:250 the Western diet 235:250 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 0 45 theme Reticulum 52:60 arg1 Depletion 82:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 8 46 theme murine 1098:1103 arg1 crypts 1116:1121 murine intestinal crypts 1098:1121 murine intestinal crypts 1098:1121 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 6 47 theme chain 815:819 arg1 reaction 821:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 10 48 from change 1629:1634 arg1 microbiota 1657:1666 mucosa-associated microbiota 1639:1666 mucosa-associated microbiota 1639:1666 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 49 theme protein 1519:1525 arg1 1β 1527:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 11 50 theme treated 1731:1737 arg1 cells 1749:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 13 51 theme mucus 2040:2044 arg1 production 2046:2055 mucus production 2040:2055 mucus production 2040:2055 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 9 52 theme intestinal 1368:1377 arg1 inflammation 1379:1390 MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation 1307:1390 MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation 1307:1390 RESULTS Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models. 30765332 6 53 theme real-time 794:802 arg1 reaction 821:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 10 54 theme ER 1543:1544 arg1 stress 1546:1551 ER stress 1543:1551 ER stress 1543:1551 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 11 55 theme line 1744:1747 arg1 cells 1749:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 13 56 theme downstream 2010:2019 arg1 effect 2021:2026 the downstream effect 2006:2026 the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility 2006:2092 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 2 57 theme intestinal 347:356 arg1 homeostasis 358:368 intestinal homeostasis 347:368 intestinal homeostasis 347:368 However, little is known about their potential effects on intestinal homeostasis. 30765332 8 58 theme mucus-secreting 1137:1151 arg1 line 1184:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 10 59 theme goblet 1557:1562 arg1 cells 1564:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 6 60 theme Transcriptomic 769:782 arg1 analysis 784:791 Transcriptomic analysis 769:791 Transcriptomic analysis 769:791 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 12 61 with Treatment 1844:1852 arg1 TUDCA 1867:1871 TUDCA 1867:1871 TUDCA 1867:1871 Treatment of mice with TUDCA prevented mucin-2 depletion and attenuated colitis in MDX-fed mice. 30765332 8 62 theme treated 1171:1177 arg1 line 1184:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 6 63 theme mitogen-activated 870:886 arg1 kinase 902:907 p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 866:907 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 2 64 from effects 336:342 arg1 homeostasis 358:368 intestinal homeostasis 347:368 intestinal homeostasis 347:368 However, little is known about their potential effects on intestinal homeostasis. 30765332 13 65 theme epithelial 1984:1993 arg1 cells 1995:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 6 66 theme phosphorylated 851:864 arg1 quantification 909:922 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification 851:922 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 5 67 theme MDX-enriched 657:668 arg1 diet 670:673 a MDX-enriched diet 655:673 a MDX-enriched diet 655:673 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 13 68 theme ER 1967:1968 arg1 stress 1970:1975 ER stress 1967:1975 ER stress in gut epithelial cells 1967:1999 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 1 69 theme bulking 204:210 arg1 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 8 70 theme p38 1255:1257 arg1 inhibitor 1270:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 10 71 theme expression 1598:1607 arg1 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β 1483:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 71 theme expression 1598:1607 arg1 reduction 1577:1585 a reduction 1575:1585 a reduction of mucin-2 expression 1575:1607 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 71 theme expression 1598:1607 arg1 sensor 1533:1538 a sensor 1531:1538 a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells 1531:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 7 72 theme RNA 1052:1054 arg1 sequencing 1056:1065 ribosomal RNA sequencing 1042:1065 ribosomal RNA sequencing 1042:1065 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. 30765332 8 73 theme kinase 1263:1268 arg1 inhibitor 1270:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor 1253:1278 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 1 74 theme & 144:144 arg1 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 74 theme & 144:144 arg1 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 74 theme & 144:144 arg1 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 74 theme & 144:144 arg1 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 10 75 from stress 1546:1551 arg1 cells 1564:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 1 76 from present 224:230 arg1 diet 247:250 the Western diet 235:250 the Western diet 235:250 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 7 77 theme microbiota 994:1003 arg1 composition 1005:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition 976:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition 976:1015 Mucosa-associated microbiota composition was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. 30765332 1 78 theme Food 151:154 arg1 agents 212:217 bulking agents 204:217 bulking agents 204:217 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 78 theme Food 151:154 arg1 additives 156:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives 133:164 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 78 theme Food 151:154 arg1 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 stabilizers 188:198 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 1 78 theme Food 151:154 arg1 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 emulsifiers 175:185 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 10 79 from up-regulation 1483:1495 arg1 cells 1564:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 goblet cells 1557:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 4 80 theme drinking 485:492 arg1 water 494:498 drinking water 485:498 drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin 485:565 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 5 81 theme endoplasmic 690:700 arg1 reticulum 702:710 endoplasmic reticulum 690:710 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) 686:766 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 81 theme endoplasmic 690:700 arg1 ER 713:714 ER 713:714 ER 713:714 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 82 theme stress 717:722 arg1 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 82 theme stress 717:722 arg1 acid 755:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid 686:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) 686:766 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 12 83 theme MDX-fed 1927:1933 arg1 mice 1935:1938 MDX-fed mice 1927:1938 MDX-fed mice 1927:1938 Treatment of mice with TUDCA prevented mucin-2 depletion and attenuated colitis in MDX-fed mice. 30765332 13 84 from stress 1970:1975 arg1 cells 1995:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 gut epithelial cells 1980:1999 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 12 85 from colitis 1916:1922 arg1 mice 1935:1938 MDX-fed mice 1927:1938 MDX-fed mice 1927:1938 Treatment of mice with TUDCA prevented mucin-2 depletion and attenuated colitis in MDX-fed mice. 30765332 6 86 theme colonic 959:965 arg1 tissues 967:973 colonic tissues 959:973 colonic tissues 959:973 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 4 87 theme METHODS 461:467 arg1 Mice 469:472 METHODS Mice 461:472 METHODS Mice 461:472 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 5 88 theme reticulum 702:710 arg1 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 88 theme reticulum 702:710 arg1 acid 755:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid 686:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) 686:766 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 4 89 theme dextran 593:599 arg1 sulfate 601:607 dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin 593:630 dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin 593:630 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 10 90 theme significant 1617:1627 arg1 change 1629:1634 no significant change 1614:1634 no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota 1614:1666 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 0 91 theme Food 4:7 arg1 Maltodextrin 18:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin 0:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin 0:29 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 13 92 theme colitis 2071:2077 arg1 susceptibility 2079:2092 colitis susceptibility 2071:2092 colitis susceptibility 2071:2092 CONCLUSIONS MDX increases ER stress in gut epithelial cells with the downstream effect of reducing mucus production and enhancing colitis susceptibility. 30765332 1 93 from diet 247:250 arg1 present 224:230 present 224:230 present 224:230 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30765332 9 94 dep Diets 1289:1293 arg1 enriched 1295:1302 enriched 1295:1302 Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models 1289:1405 RESULTS Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models. 30765332 10 95 theme detrimental 1450:1460 arg1 effect 1462:1467 the detrimental effect 1446:1467 the detrimental effect of MDX 1446:1474 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 9 96 theme propylene 1320:1328 arg1 glycol 1330:1335 propylene glycol 1320:1335 propylene glycol 1320:1335 RESULTS Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models. 30765332 8 97 theme in vitro 1076:1083 arg1 experiments 1085:1095 the in vitro experiments 1072:1095 the in vitro experiments 1072:1095 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 11 98 theme murine 1684:1689 arg1 crypts 1702:1707 murine intestinal crypts 1684:1707 murine intestinal crypts 1684:1707 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 5 99 theme tauroursodeoxycholic 734:753 arg1 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 TUDCA 761:765 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 5 99 theme tauroursodeoxycholic 734:753 arg1 acid 755:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid 686:758 the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) 686:766 In parallel, mice fed a MDX-enriched diet were given the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). 30765332 12 100 theme mucin-2 1883:1889 arg1 depletion 1891:1899 mucin-2 depletion 1883:1899 mucin-2 depletion 1883:1899 Treatment of mice with TUDCA prevented mucin-2 depletion and attenuated colitis in MDX-fed mice. 30765332 6 101 theme mucin-2 831:837 arg1 expression 839:848 mucin-2 expression 831:848 mucin-2 expression 831:848 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 0 102 theme Stress-Driven 62:74 arg1 Depletion 82:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion 40:90 The Food Additive Maltodextrin Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Driven Mucus Depletion and Exacerbates Intestinal Inflammation. 30765332 8 103 theme intestinal 1105:1114 arg1 crypts 1116:1121 murine intestinal crypts 1098:1121 murine intestinal crypts 1098:1121 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 4 104 dep sulfate 601:607 arg1 sodium 609:614 sodium 609:614 sodium 609:614 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 4 104 dep sulfate 601:607 arg1 indomethacin 619:630 indomethacin 619:630 indomethacin 619:630 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 10 105 theme 1β 1527:1528 arg1 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation 1483:1495 up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β 1483:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 105 theme 1β 1527:1528 arg1 reduction 1577:1585 a reduction 1575:1585 a reduction of mucin-2 expression 1575:1607 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 10 105 theme 1β 1527:1528 arg1 sensor 1533:1538 a sensor 1531:1538 a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells 1531:1568 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 11 106 theme HT29-methotrexate 1713:1729 arg1 cells 1749:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells 1713:1753 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 2 107 theme potential 326:334 arg1 effects 336:342 their potential effects 320:342 their potential effects on intestinal homeostasis 320:368 However, little is known about their potential effects on intestinal homeostasis. 30765332 9 108 theme exacerbated 1356:1366 arg1 inflammation 1379:1390 MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation 1307:1390 MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation 1307:1390 RESULTS Diets enriched in MDX, but not propylene glycol or animal gelatin, exacerbated intestinal inflammation in both models. 30765332 12 109 theme mice 1857:1860 arg1 Treatment 1844:1852 Treatment 1844:1852 Treatment of mice with TUDCA 1844:1871 Treatment of mice with TUDCA prevented mucin-2 depletion and attenuated colitis in MDX-fed mice. 30765332 6 110 theme polymerase 804:813 arg1 reaction 821:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 real-time polymerase chain reaction 794:828 Transcriptomic analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, mucin-2 expression, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase quantification, and H&E staining was performed on colonic tissues. 30765332 10 111 theme requiring 1509:1517 arg1 1β 1527:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 inositol requiring protein 1β 1500:1528 Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the detrimental effect of MDX showed up-regulation of inositol requiring protein 1β, a sensor of ER stress, in goblet cells, and a reduction of mucin-2 expression with no significant change in mucosa-associated microbiota. 30765332 11 112 theme crypts 1702:1707 arg1 Stimulation 1669:1679 Stimulation 1669:1679 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX 1669:1762 Stimulation of murine intestinal crypts and HT29-methotrexate treated cell line cells with MDX induced inositol requiring protein 1β via a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. 30765332 8 113 theme human 1131:1135 arg1 line 1184:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line 1127:1187 For the in vitro experiments, murine intestinal crypts and the human mucus-secreting HT29-methotrexate treated cell line were stimulated with MDX in the presence or absence of TUDCA or a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. 30765332 3 114 theme food 425:428 arg1 additives 430:438 these food additives 419:438 these food additives 419:438 In this study we examined the effect of some of these food additives on gut inflammation. 30765332 4 115 contain containing 500:509 arg2 maltodextrin 511:522 maltodextrin 511:522 maltodextrin (MDX) 511:528 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 4 115 contain containing 500:509 arg2 MDX 525:527 MDX 525:527 MDX 525:527 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 4 115 contain containing 500:509 arg2 glycol 541:546 propylene glycol 531:546 propylene glycol 531:546 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 4 115 contain containing 500:509 arg1 water 494:498 drinking water 485:498 drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin 485:565 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 4 115 contain containing 500:509 arg2 gelatin 559:565 animal gelatin 552:565 animal gelatin 552:565 METHODS Mice were given drinking water containing maltodextrin (MDX), propylene glycol, or animal gelatin, and then challenged with dextran sulfate sodium or indomethacin. 30765332 1 116 theme Western 239:245 arg1 diet 247:250 the Western diet 235:250 the Western diet 235:250 BACKGROUND & AIMS Food additives, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, or bulking agents, are present in the Western diet and their consumption is increasing. 30394639 10 0 theme non-classical 1526:1538 arg1 pathways 1550:1557 classical and non-classical secretion pathways 1512:1557 pathways 1550:1557 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 10 1 from role 1427:1430 arg1 physiology 1457:1466 Synechocystis physiology 1443:1466 Synechocystis physiology 1443:1466 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 8 2 theme SigF 1098:1101 arg1 motifs 1111:1116 SigF binding motifs 1098:1116 SigF binding motifs 1098:1116 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 9 3 theme photosynthesis 1268:1281 arg1 mechanisms 1342:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 0 4 from player 43:48 arg1 control 57:63 the control 53:63 the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 53:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 2 5 theme crucial 165:171 arg1 factors 153:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 5 theme crucial 165:171 arg1 players 173:179 crucial players 165:179 crucial players 165:179 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 0 6 theme secretion 68:76 arg1 mechanisms 78:87 secretion mechanisms 68:87 secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 68:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 5 7 theme ΔsigF 623:627 arg1 growth 629:634 ΔsigF growth 623:634 ΔsigF growth 623:634 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 2 8 theme cell 284:287 arg1 envelope 289:296 cell envelope 284:296 cell envelope 284:296 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 8 9 theme binding 1103:1109 arg1 motifs 1111:1116 SigF binding motifs 1098:1116 SigF binding motifs 1098:1116 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 2 10 from players 173:179 arg1 processes 209:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 11 theme alternative 135:145 arg1 factors 153:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 11 theme alternative 135:145 arg1 players 173:179 crucial players 165:179 crucial players 165:179 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 4 12 with physiology 453:462 arg1 impact 478:483 a major impact 470:483 a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides 470:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 2 13 theme Cyanobacterial 120:133 arg1 factors 153:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 13 theme Cyanobacterial 120:133 arg1 players 173:179 crucial players 165:179 crucial players 165:179 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 10 14 theme Synechocystis 1443:1455 arg1 physiology 1457:1466 Synechocystis physiology 1443:1466 Synechocystis physiology 1443:1466 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 8 15 theme in 1076:1077 arg1 analysis 1086:1093 an in silico analysis 1073:1093 an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs 1073:1116 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 10 16 theme secretion 1540:1548 arg1 pathways 1550:1557 classical and non-classical secretion pathways 1512:1557 pathways 1550:1557 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 0 17 theme mechanisms 78:87 arg1 control 57:63 the control 53:63 the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 53:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 9 18 theme central 1284:1290 arg1 metabolism 1299:1308 central carbon metabolism 1284:1308 central carbon metabolism 1284:1308 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 3 19 dep factor 382:387 arg1 SigF 392:395 SigF 392:395 SigF 392:395 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 3 19 dep factor 382:387 arg1 F 389:389 F 389:389 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 6 20 theme outer-membrane 821:834 arg1 vesicles 836:843 outer-membrane vesicles 821:843 outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) 821:850 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 6 20 theme outer-membrane 821:834 arg1 OMVs 846:849 OMVs 846:849 OMVs 846:849 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 8 21 theme possible 1127:1134 arg1 targets/pathways 1136:1151 possible targets/pathways 1127:1151 possible targets/pathways 1127:1151 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 10 22 theme new 1403:1405 arg1 evidences 1407:1415 new evidences 1403:1415 new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology 1403:1466 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 6 23 theme cell 887:890 arg1 alterations 901:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 0 24 theme alternative 4:14 arg1 player 43:48 a key player 37:48 a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 37:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 0 24 theme alternative 4:14 arg1 SigF 29:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 9 25 theme carbon 1292:1297 arg1 metabolism 1299:1308 central carbon metabolism 1284:1308 central carbon metabolism 1284:1308 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 10 26 theme SigF 1435:1438 arg1 role 1427:1430 the role 1423:1430 the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology 1423:1466 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 9 27 theme metabolism 1299:1308 arg1 mechanisms 1342:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 6 28 theme pili 856:859 arg1 formation 808:816 formation 808:816 formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili 808:859 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 3 29 theme alternative 364:374 arg1 factor 382:387 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 4 30 theme secretion 499:507 arg1 production 533:542 the production 529:542 the production of extracellular polysaccharides 529:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 4 30 theme secretion 499:507 arg1 mechanisms 509:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 8 31 dep in 1076:1077 arg1 silico 1079:1084 silico 1079:1084 silico 1079:1084 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 5 32 theme polysaccharides 691:705 arg1 production 668:677 the production 664:677 the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) 664:711 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 0 33 theme factor 22:27 arg1 player 43:48 a key player 37:48 a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 37:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 0 33 theme factor 22:27 arg1 SigF 29:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 8 34 theme motifs 1111:1116 arg1 proteomics 1050:1059 Quantitative proteomics 1037:1059 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) 1037:1067 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 8 34 theme motifs 1111:1116 arg1 analysis 1086:1093 an in silico analysis 1073:1093 an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs 1073:1116 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 8 34 theme motifs 1111:1116 arg1 iTRAQ 1062:1066 iTRAQ 1062:1066 iTRAQ 1062:1066 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 7 35 theme proteins 1016:1023 arg1 amount 997:1002 amount 997:1002 amount 997:1002 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 7 35 theme proteins 1016:1023 arg1 proteins 1016:1023 proteins 1016:1023 proteins identified 1016:1034 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 7 35 theme proteins 1016:1023 arg1 type 1008:1011 type 1008:1011 type 1008:1011 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 4 36 from impact 478:483 arg1 production 533:542 the production 529:542 the production of extracellular polysaccharides 529:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 4 36 from impact 478:483 arg1 mechanisms 509:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 0 37 theme sigma 16:20 arg1 player 43:48 a key player 37:48 a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 37:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 0 37 theme sigma 16:20 arg1 SigF 29:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 9 38 theme protein 1314:1320 arg1 folding/degradation 1322:1340 protein folding/degradation 1314:1340 protein folding/degradation 1314:1340 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 0 39 theme Synechocystis 92:104 arg1 sp 106:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 0 40 from control 57:63 arg1 sp 106:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 2 41 theme envelope 289:296 arg1 control 302:308 control 302:308 control of secretion pathways 302:330 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 41 theme envelope 289:296 arg1 maintenance 269:279 maintenance 269:279 maintenance of cell envelope 269:296 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 3 42 theme Synechocystis 426:438 arg1 sp 440:441 Synechocystis sp 426:441 Synechocystis sp 426:441 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 9 43 theme folding/degradation 1322:1340 arg1 mechanisms 1342:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms 1268:1351 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 5 44 dep increased 713:721 arg1 compared 745:752 compared 745:752 increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type 713:771 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 9 45 theme protein 1192:1198 arg1 levels 1200:1205 protein levels 1192:1205 protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms 1192:1238 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 3 46 theme pleiotropic 406:416 arg1 role 418:421 a pleiotropic role 404:421 a pleiotropic role 404:421 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 6 47 from impairment 794:803 arg1 formation 808:816 formation 808:816 formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili 808:859 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 5 48 theme released 682:689 arg1 RPS 708:710 RPS 708:710 RPS 708:710 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 5 48 theme released 682:689 arg1 polysaccharides 691:705 released polysaccharides 682:705 released polysaccharides (RPS) 682:711 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 6 49 theme vesicles 836:843 arg1 formation 808:816 formation 808:816 formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili 808:859 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 8 50 theme SigF 1159:1162 arg1 control 1164:1170 SigF control 1159:1170 SigF control 1159:1170 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 4 51 theme protein 595:601 arg1 secretion 603:611 protein secretion 595:611 protein secretion 595:611 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 0 52 theme key 39:41 arg1 player 43:48 a key player 37:48 a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 37:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 0 52 theme key 39:41 arg1 SigF 29:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF 0:32 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 4 53 theme major 472:476 arg1 impact 478:483 a major impact 470:483 a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides 470:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 10 54 theme classical 1512:1520 arg1 pathways 1550:1557 classical and non-classical secretion pathways 1512:1557 pathways 1550:1557 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 2 55 theme sigma 147:151 arg1 factors 153:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors 120:159 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 55 theme sigma 147:151 arg1 players 173:179 crucial players 165:179 crucial players 165:179 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 5 56 dep threefold 723:731 arg1 to 733:734 to 733:734 to 733:734 Although ΔsigF growth was significantly impaired, the production of released polysaccharides (RPS) increased threefold to fourfold compared with the wild-type. 30394639 4 57 theme growth 488:493 arg1 production 533:542 the production 529:542 the production of extracellular polysaccharides 529:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 4 57 theme growth 488:493 arg1 mechanisms 509:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 growth and secretion mechanisms 488:518 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 8 58 theme Quantitative 1037:1048 arg1 proteomics 1050:1059 Quantitative proteomics 1037:1059 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) 1037:1067 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 8 58 theme Quantitative 1037:1048 arg1 iTRAQ 1062:1066 iTRAQ 1062:1066 iTRAQ 1062:1066 Quantitative proteomics (iTRAQ) and an in silico analysis of SigF binding motifs revealed possible targets/pathways under SigF control. 30394639 2 59 theme adaptation 198:207 arg1 processes 209:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 60 theme environmental 184:196 arg1 processes 209:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 environmental adaptation processes 184:217 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 9 61 from changes 1181:1187 arg1 levels 1200:1205 protein levels 1192:1205 protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms 1192:1238 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 6 62 theme other 881:885 arg1 alterations 901:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 6 63 from alterations 901:911 arg1 formation 808:816 formation 808:816 formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili 808:859 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 0 64 from mechanisms 78:87 arg1 sp 106:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 Synechocystis sp 92:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 2 65 theme related 258:264 arg1 responses 248:256 bacterial responses 238:256 bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways 238:330 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 66 theme pathways 323:330 arg1 control 302:308 control 302:308 control of secretion pathways 302:330 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 66 theme pathways 323:330 arg1 maintenance 269:279 maintenance 269:279 maintenance of cell envelope 269:296 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 4 67 theme extracellular 547:559 arg1 polysaccharides 561:575 extracellular polysaccharides 547:575 extracellular polysaccharides 547:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30394639 10 68 theme regulatory 1488:1497 arg1 element 1499:1505 this regulatory element 1483:1505 this regulatory element 1483:1505 Overall, this work provided new evidences about the role of SigF on Synechocystis physiology and associates this regulatory element with classical and non-classical secretion pathways. 30394639 2 69 theme secretion 313:321 arg1 pathways 323:330 secretion pathways 313:330 secretion pathways 313:330 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 2 70 theme bacterial 238:246 arg1 responses 248:256 bacterial responses 238:256 bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways 238:330 Cyanobacterial alternative sigma factors are crucial players in environmental adaptation processes, which may involve bacterial responses related to maintenance of cell envelope and control of secretion pathways. 30394639 7 71 theme ΔsigF 956:960 arg1 composition 941:951 the exoproteome composition 925:951 the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF 925:960 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 9 72 theme secretion 1219:1227 arg1 mechanisms 1229:1238 secretion mechanisms 1219:1238 secretion mechanisms 1219:1238 Besides changes in protein levels involved in secretion mechanisms, our results indicated that photosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and protein folding/degradation mechanisms are altered in ΔsigF. 30394639 0 73 from sp 106:107 arg1 control 57:63 the control 53:63 the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp 53:107 The alternative sigma factor SigF is a key player in the control of secretion mechanisms in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 3 74 theme sigma 376:380 arg1 factor 382:387 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 6 75 theme several 873:879 arg1 alterations 901:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 3 76 theme Group 356:360 arg1 factor 382:387 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) 352:396 Here, we show that the Group 3 alternative sigma factor F (SigF) plays a pleiotropic role in Synechocystis sp. 30394639 7 77 theme exoproteome 929:939 arg1 composition 941:951 the exoproteome composition 925:951 the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF 925:960 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 7 78 dep wild-type 979:987 arg1 both 989:992 both 989:992 both 989:992 Similarly, the exoproteome composition of ΔsigF differs from the wild-type both in amount and type of proteins identified. 30394639 6 79 theme envelope 892:899 arg1 alterations 901:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 several other cell envelope alterations 873:911 ΔsigF exhibits also impairment in formation of outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and pili, as well as several other cell envelope alterations. 30394639 4 80 theme polysaccharides 561:575 arg1 production 533:542 the production 529:542 the production of extracellular polysaccharides 529:575 PCC 6803 physiology, with a major impact on growth and secretion mechanisms, such as the production of extracellular polysaccharides, vesiculation and protein secretion. 30280093 5 0 theme Red 675:677 arg1 dye 679:681 Congo Red dye 669:681 Congo Red dye 669:681 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 7 1 dep Xenopsylla 949:958 arg1 cheopis 960:966 cheopis 960:966 cheopis 960:966 Disruption of uvrY was not sufficient for Yptb to cause proventricular blockage during infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas. 30280093 10 2 theme relevant 1260:1267 arg1 targets 1280:1286 the relevant downstream targets 1256:1286 the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system 1256:1310 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 6 3 theme wild 831:834 arg1 strain 841:846 the wild type strain 827:846 the wild type strain 827:846 These mutants also produced biofilms that were substantially more cohesive than the wild type strain. 30280093 7 4 theme fleas 968:972 arg1 infection 936:944 infection 936:944 infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas 936:972 Disruption of uvrY was not sufficient for Yptb to cause proventricular blockage during infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas. 30280093 8 5 theme type 1042:1045 arg1 Yptb 1047:1050 wild type Yptb 1037:1050 wild type Yptb 1037:1050 However, this strain was less acutely toxic toward fleas than wild type Yptb. 30280093 2 6 theme hmsHFRS 310:316 arg1 sequences 318:326 identical hmsHFRS sequences 300:326 identical hmsHFRS sequences 300:326 Despite possessing identical hmsHFRS sequences, Yptb produces much less Hms-ECM than Y. pestis. 30280093 14 7 dep Y. 1927:1928 arg1 pestis 1930:1935 Y. pestis 1927:1935 Y. pestis 1927:1935 These results underscore the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms. 30280093 13 8 theme mutant 1767:1772 arg1 phenotype 1741:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype 1719:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1719:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 5 9 theme dye 679:681 arg1 binding 658:664 binding 658:664 binding 658:664 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 9 10 theme Flow 1053:1056 arg1 measurements 1068:1079 Flow cytometry measurements 1053:1079 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding 1053:1097 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 5 11 theme extracellular 706:718 arg1 production 735:744 extracellular polysaccharide production 706:744 extracellular polysaccharide production 706:744 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 12 12 theme several 1585:1591 arg1 regulator 1671:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 12 12 theme several 1585:1591 arg1 proteins 1614:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 10 13 theme downstream 1269:1278 arg1 targets 1280:1286 the relevant downstream targets 1256:1286 the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system 1256:1310 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 12 14 theme regulatory 1603:1612 arg1 regulator 1671:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 12 14 theme regulatory 1603:1612 arg1 proteins 1614:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 4 15 theme negative 503:510 arg1 regulators 512:521 negative regulators 503:521 negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb 503:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 15 16 theme two-component 1997:2009 arg1 system 2011:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 9 17 theme lectin 1084:1089 arg1 binding 1091:1097 lectin binding 1084:1097 lectin binding 1084:1097 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 12 18 theme CsrB 1557:1560 arg1 Loss 1549:1552 Loss 1549:1552 Loss of CsrB 1549:1560 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 13 19 theme rcsB 1757:1760 arg1 mutant 1767:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 10 20 theme BarA/UvrY 1295:1303 arg1 system 1305:1310 the BarA/UvrY system 1291:1310 the BarA/UvrY system 1291:1310 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 13 21 from effect 1795:1800 arg1 biofilms 1813:1820 biofilms 1813:1820 biofilms 1813:1820 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 5 22 theme CsrB 628:631 arg1 RNA 644:646 the CsrB regulatory RNA 624:646 the CsrB regulatory RNA 624:646 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 9 23 theme Yptb 1114:1117 arg1 mutants 1134:1140 Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants 1114:1140 Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants 1114:1140 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 13 24 theme binding 1733:1739 arg1 phenotype 1741:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype 1719:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1719:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 1 25 dep Y. 167:168 arg1 pestis 170:175 Y. pestis 167:175 Y. pestis 167:175 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 11 26 theme urease 1468:1473 arg1 activity 1485:1492 urease enzymatic activity 1468:1492 urease enzymatic activity 1468:1492 Urease subunit proteins were less abundant and urease enzymatic activity was lower, which likely reduced toxicity toward fleas. 30280093 0 27 theme Yersinia 0:7 arg1 pseudotuberculosis 9:26 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 0:26 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System Represses Biofilms via CsrB. 30280093 10 28 with proteins 1359:1366 arg1 abundance 1379:1387 lower abundance 1373:1387 lower abundance 1373:1387 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 5 29 theme two-component 600:612 arg1 system 614:619 the BarA/UvrY two-component system 586:619 the BarA/UvrY two-component system 586:619 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 13 30 theme CsrB 1700:1703 arg1 Overexpression 1682:1695 Overexpression 1682:1695 Overexpression of CsrB 1682:1703 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 0 31 theme BarA-UvrY 28:36 arg1 System 63:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System Represses Biofilms via CsrB. 30280093 3 32 theme Hms-ECM 421:427 arg1 production 429:438 Yptb Hms-ECM production 416:438 Yptb Hms-ECM production 416:438 The regulatory influences that control Yptb Hms-ECM production and biofilm formation are not fully understood. 30280093 15 33 theme impact 2047:2052 arg1 production 2062:2071 impact biofilm production 2047:2071 impact biofilm production 2047:2071 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 0 34 theme Regulatory 52:61 arg1 System 63:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System Represses Biofilms via CsrB. 30280093 4 35 from Yptb 548:551 arg1 regulators 512:521 negative regulators 503:521 negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb 503:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 4 36 theme production 534:543 arg1 regulators 512:521 negative regulators 503:521 negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb 503:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 9 37 theme other 1171:1175 arg1 carbohydrates 1177:1189 other carbohydrates 1171:1189 other carbohydrates 1171:1189 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 4 38 from production 534:543 arg1 Yptb 548:551 Yptb 548:551 Yptb 548:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 15 39 theme CsrB 1961:1964 arg1 expression 1966:1975 CsrB expression 1961:1975 CsrB expression 1961:1975 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 10 40 theme lower 1373:1377 arg1 abundance 1379:1387 lower abundance 1373:1387 lower abundance 1373:1387 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 11 41 theme Urease 1421:1426 arg1 proteins 1436:1443 Urease subunit proteins 1421:1443 Urease subunit proteins 1421:1443 Urease subunit proteins were less abundant and urease enzymatic activity was lower, which likely reduced toxicity toward fleas. 30280093 10 42 theme Tn5 1402:1404 arg1 strain 1413:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 1 43 theme polysaccharide 234:247 arg1 Hms-ECM 271:277 Hms-ECM 271:277 Hms-ECM 271:277 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 1 43 theme polysaccharide 234:247 arg1 matrix 263:268 a polysaccharide extracellular matrix 232:268 a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM) 232:278 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 5 44 theme Congo 669:673 arg1 dye 679:681 Congo Red dye 669:681 Congo Red dye 669:681 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 10 45 theme csrB 1396:1399 arg1 strain 1413:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 2 46 theme Y. 366:367 arg1 pestis 369:374 Y. pestis 366:374 Y. pestis 366:374 Despite possessing identical hmsHFRS sequences, Yptb produces much less Hms-ECM than Y. pestis. 30280093 1 47 theme matrix 263:268 arg1 production 218:227 production 218:227 production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM) 218:278 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 13 48 theme CsrB 1805:1808 arg1 effect 1795:1800 the effect 1791:1800 the effect of CsrB on biofilms 1791:1820 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 4 49 from regulators 512:521 arg1 Yptb 548:551 Yptb 548:551 Yptb 548:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 2 50 theme identical 300:308 arg1 sequences 318:326 identical hmsHFRS sequences 300:326 identical hmsHFRS sequences 300:326 Despite possessing identical hmsHFRS sequences, Yptb produces much less Hms-ECM than Y. pestis. 30280093 7 51 theme proventricular 905:918 arg1 blockage 920:927 proventricular blockage 905:927 proventricular blockage 905:927 Disruption of uvrY was not sufficient for Yptb to cause proventricular blockage during infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas. 30280093 5 52 theme RNA 644:646 arg1 Inactivation 570:581 Inactivation 570:581 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA 570:646 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 6 53 theme type 836:839 arg1 strain 841:846 the wild type strain 827:846 the wild type strain 827:846 These mutants also produced biofilms that were substantially more cohesive than the wild type strain. 30280093 15 54 contain has 2018:2020 arg2 effects 2034:2040 pleiotropic effects 2022:2040 pleiotropic effects 2022:2040 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 15 54 contain has 2018:2020 arg1 system 2011:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 8 55 theme wild 1037:1040 arg1 Yptb 1047:1050 wild type Yptb 1037:1050 wild type Yptb 1037:1050 However, this strain was less acutely toxic toward fleas than wild type Yptb. 30280093 1 56 theme hmsHFRS 190:196 arg1 genes 198:202 the hmsHFRS genes 186:202 the hmsHFRS genes 186:202 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 5 57 theme polysaccharide 720:733 arg1 production 735:744 extracellular polysaccharide production 706:744 extracellular polysaccharide production 706:744 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 12 58 theme RcsB 1666:1669 arg1 regulator 1671:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 13 59 theme Tn5 1763:1765 arg1 mutant 1767:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 10 60 theme system 1305:1310 arg1 targets 1280:1286 the relevant downstream targets 1256:1286 the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system 1256:1310 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 7 61 theme uvrY 863:866 arg1 Disruption 849:858 Disruption 849:858 Disruption of uvrY 849:866 Disruption of uvrY was not sufficient for Yptb to cause proventricular blockage during infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas. 30280093 1 62 theme Yersinia 128:135 arg1 Yptb 157:160 Yptb 157:160 Yptb 157:160 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 1 62 theme Yersinia 128:135 arg1 pseudotuberculosis 137:154 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis 128:175 pseudotuberculosis 137:154 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 15 63 theme Yptb 1982:1985 arg1 system 2011:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 14 64 theme compositional 1884:1896 arg1 differences 1898:1908 the regulatory and compositional differences 1865:1908 the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms 1865:1944 These results underscore the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms. 30280093 12 65 theme potential 1593:1601 arg1 regulator 1671:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 the RcsB regulator 1662:1679 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 12 65 theme potential 1593:1601 arg1 proteins 1614:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 several potential regulatory proteins 1585:1621 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 9 66 theme cytometry 1058:1066 arg1 measurements 1068:1079 Flow cytometry measurements 1053:1079 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding 1053:1097 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 14 67 theme regulatory 1869:1878 arg1 differences 1898:1908 the regulatory and compositional differences 1865:1908 the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms 1865:1944 These results underscore the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms. 30280093 12 68 theme proteins 1614:1621 arg1 expression 1571:1580 expression 1571:1580 expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator 1571:1679 Loss of CsrB impacted expression of several potential regulatory proteins that may influence biofilms, including the RcsB regulator. 30280093 4 69 theme biofilm 526:532 arg1 production 534:543 biofilm production 526:543 biofilm production in Yptb 526:551 In this study, negative regulators of biofilm production in Yptb were identified. 30280093 15 70 theme BarA/UvrY 1987:1995 arg1 system 2011:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system 1978:2016 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 9 71 theme binding 1091:1097 arg1 measurements 1068:1079 Flow cytometry measurements 1053:1079 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding 1053:1097 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 13 72 theme :: 1761:1762 arg1 mutant 1767:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1754:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 11 73 theme enzymatic 1475:1483 arg1 activity 1485:1492 urease enzymatic activity 1468:1492 urease enzymatic activity 1468:1492 Urease subunit proteins were less abundant and urease enzymatic activity was lower, which likely reduced toxicity toward fleas. 30280093 5 74 theme regulatory 633:642 arg1 RNA 644:646 the CsrB regulatory RNA 624:646 the CsrB regulatory RNA 624:646 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 13 75 theme Congo-red 1723:1731 arg1 phenotype 1741:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype 1719:1749 the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant 1719:1772 Overexpression of CsrB did not alter the Congo-red binding phenotype of an rcsB::Tn5 mutant, suggesting that the effect of CsrB on biofilms may require RcsB. 30280093 9 76 theme BarA/UvrY/CsrB 1119:1132 arg1 mutants 1134:1140 Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants 1114:1140 Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants 1114:1140 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 14 77 dep Yptb 1918:1921 arg1 biofilms 1937:1944 biofilms 1937:1944 biofilms 1937:1944 These results underscore the regulatory and compositional differences between Yptb and Y. pestis biofilms. 30280093 0 78 theme pseudotuberculosis 9:26 arg1 System 63:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System Represses Biofilms via CsrB. 30280093 5 79 theme BarA/UvrY 590:598 arg1 system 614:619 the BarA/UvrY two-component system 586:619 the BarA/UvrY two-component system 586:619 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 3 80 theme biofilm 444:450 arg1 formation 452:460 biofilm formation 444:460 biofilm formation 444:460 The regulatory influences that control Yptb Hms-ECM production and biofilm formation are not fully understood. 30280093 0 81 theme Two-Component 38:50 arg1 System 63:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System 0:68 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BarA-UvrY Two-Component Regulatory System Represses Biofilms via CsrB. 30280093 5 82 theme system 614:619 arg1 Inactivation 570:581 Inactivation 570:581 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA 570:646 Inactivation of the BarA/UvrY two-component system or the CsrB regulatory RNA increased binding of Congo Red dye, which correlates with extracellular polysaccharide production. 30280093 1 83 theme biofilms 116:123 arg1 formation 103:111 The formation 99:111 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis 99:175 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 3 84 theme regulatory 381:390 arg1 influences 392:401 The regulatory influences 377:401 The regulatory influences that control Yptb Hms-ECM production and biofilm formation 377:460 The regulatory influences that control Yptb Hms-ECM production and biofilm formation are not fully understood. 30280093 9 85 theme higher 1154:1159 arg1 levels 1161:1166 higher levels 1154:1166 higher levels of other carbohydrates 1154:1189 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 10 86 theme proteomic 1328:1336 arg1 analysis 1338:1345 a proteomic analysis 1326:1345 a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1326:1418 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 15 87 theme biofilm 2054:2060 arg1 production 2062:2071 impact biofilm production 2047:2071 impact biofilm production 2047:2071 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 3 88 theme Yptb 416:419 arg1 production 429:438 Yptb Hms-ECM production 416:438 Yptb Hms-ECM production 416:438 The regulatory influences that control Yptb Hms-ECM production and biofilm formation are not fully understood. 30280093 9 89 theme carbohydrates 1177:1189 arg1 levels 1161:1166 higher levels 1154:1166 higher levels of other carbohydrates 1154:1189 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 7 90 theme Xenopsylla 949:958 arg1 fleas 968:972 Xenopsylla cheopis fleas 949:972 Xenopsylla cheopis fleas 949:972 Disruption of uvrY was not sufficient for Yptb to cause proventricular blockage during infection of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas. 30280093 9 91 theme poly-GlcNAc 1206:1216 arg1 Hms-ECM 1218:1224 poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM 1206:1224 poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM 1206:1224 Flow cytometry measurements of lectin binding indicated that Yptb BarA/UvrY/CsrB mutants may produce higher levels of other carbohydrates in addition to poly-GlcNAc Hms-ECM. 30280093 15 92 theme pleiotropic 2022:2032 arg1 effects 2034:2040 pleiotropic effects 2022:2040 pleiotropic effects 2022:2040 By activating CsrB expression, the Yptb BarA/UvrY two-component system has pleiotropic effects that impact biofilm production and stability. 30280093 10 93 theme mutant 1406:1411 arg1 strain 1413:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 11 94 theme subunit 1428:1434 arg1 proteins 1436:1443 Urease subunit proteins 1421:1443 Urease subunit proteins 1421:1443 Urease subunit proteins were less abundant and urease enzymatic activity was lower, which likely reduced toxicity toward fleas. 30280093 10 95 theme :: 1400:1401 arg1 strain 1413:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain 1392:1418 In an effort to characterize the relevant downstream targets of the BarA/UvrY system, we conducted a proteomic analysis to identify proteins with lower abundance in the csrB::Tn5 mutant strain. 30280093 1 96 theme extracellular 249:261 arg1 Hms-ECM 271:277 Hms-ECM 271:277 Hms-ECM 271:277 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 30280093 1 96 theme extracellular 249:261 arg1 matrix 263:268 a polysaccharide extracellular matrix 232:268 a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM) 232:278 The formation of biofilms by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) and Y. pestis requires the hmsHFRS genes, which direct production of a polysaccharide extracellular matrix (Hms-ECM). 31546437 7 0 contain have 1218:1221 arg1 Nanocomposites 1159:1172 Nanocomposites 1159:1172 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller 1159:1211 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 0 contain have 1218:1221 arg2 potential 1231:1239 a great potential 1223:1239 a great potential 1223:1239 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 2 1 theme Cel-Aghybrid 343:354 arg1 nanofibrils 356:366 the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils 329:366 the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils 329:366 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 0 2 theme antibacterial 84:96 arg1 properties 98:107 antibacterial properties 84:107 antibacterial properties 84:107 Hybrid nanocellulose decorated with silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties. 31546437 2 3 theme resulting 333:341 arg1 nanofibrils 356:366 the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils 329:366 the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils 329:366 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 6 4 theme Ag 1090:1091 arg1 Ag 1090:1091 Ag 1090:1091 Ag 1090:1091 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 6 4 theme Ag 1090:1091 arg1 amount 1080:1085 the amount 1076:1085 the amount of Ag leached out from films 1076:1114 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 7 5 theme enhanced 1308:1315 arg1 activity 1331:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 5 6 theme good 900:903 arg1 properties 918:927 good bactericidal properties 900:927 good bactericidal properties 900:927 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 7 7 theme Cel-Ag 1195:1200 arg1 nanofiller 1202:1211 this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller 1183:1211 this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller 1183:1211 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 3 8 theme nanofibrils at 703:716 arg1 contents 728:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 5 9 theme bactericidal 905:916 arg1 properties 918:927 good bactericidal properties 900:927 good bactericidal properties 900:927 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 2 10 dep morphology 290:299 arg1 The 286:288 The 286:288 The 286:288 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 3 11 theme different 718:726 arg1 contents 728:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 0 12 with filler 72:77 arg1 properties 98:107 antibacterial properties 84:107 antibacterial properties 84:107 Hybrid nanocellulose decorated with silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties. 31546437 6 13 theme reinforcing 1028:1038 arg1 potential 1040:1048 the reinforcing potential 1024:1048 the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose 1024:1069 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 5 14 theme Cel-Ag 871:876 arg1 nanofibrils 878:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils 860:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils 860:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 2 15 theme electron 406:413 arg1 TEM 427:429 TEM 427:429 TEM 427:429 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 15 theme electron 406:413 arg1 microscopy 415:424 transmission electron microscopy 393:424 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 393:430 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 6 16 theme NPs 997:999 arg1 presence 982:989 the presence 978:989 the presence of Ag NPs 978:999 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 3 17 theme as-prepared 684:694 arg1 contents 728:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 6 18 theme 12 ppb 1151:1156 arg1 limit 1142:1146 the permissible limit 1126:1146 the permissible limit of 12 ppb 1126:1156 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 2 19 theme transmission 393:404 arg1 TEM 427:429 TEM 427:429 TEM 427:429 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 19 theme transmission 393:404 arg1 microscopy 415:424 transmission electron microscopy 393:424 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 393:430 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 3 20 theme Cel-Ag 696:701 arg1 contents 728:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 680:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 1 21 theme native 180:185 arg1 fibers 197:202 native cellulose fibers 180:202 native cellulose fibers 180:202 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 0 22 theme Hybrid 0:5 arg1 nanocellulose 7:19 Hybrid nanocellulose 0:19 Hybrid nanocellulose 0:19 Hybrid nanocellulose decorated with silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties. 31546437 6 23 theme Ag 994:995 arg1 NPs 997:999 Ag NPs 994:999 Ag NPs 994:999 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 1 24 theme Cellulose 110:118 arg1 CNFs 139:142 CNFs 139:142 CNFs 139:142 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 1 24 theme Cellulose 110:118 arg1 nanofibrils 126:136 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils 110:136 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers 110:202 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 1 25 theme cellulose 187:195 arg1 fibers 197:202 native cellulose fibers 180:202 native cellulose fibers 180:202 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 2 26 theme X-ray 433:437 arg1 diffraction 439:449 X-ray diffraction 433:449 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 433:455 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 26 theme X-ray 433:437 arg1 XRD 452:454 XRD 452:454 XRD 452:454 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 7 27 with films 1274:1278 arg1 activity 1331:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 5 28 theme Gram- 947:951 arg1 bacteria 953:960 Gram+ and Gram- bacteria 937:960 bacteria 953:960 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 6 29 theme permissible 1130:1140 arg1 limit 1142:1146 the permissible limit 1126:1146 the permissible limit of 12 ppb 1126:1156 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 1 30 theme fibers 197:202 arg1 oxidation 167:175 periodate oxidation 157:175 periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers 157:202 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 3 31 with hybridization 551:563 arg1 Ag 570:571 Ag 570:571 Ag 570:571 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 3 32 theme nanocomposite 621:633 arg1 films 635:639 nanocomposite films 621:639 nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 621:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 1 33 theme periodate 157:165 arg1 oxidation 167:175 periodate oxidation 157:175 periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers 157:202 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 7 34 theme packaging 1264:1272 arg1 coating 1281:1287 coating 1281:1287 coating 1281:1287 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 34 theme packaging 1264:1272 arg1 films 1274:1278 active packaging films 1257:1278 active packaging films 1257:1278 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 34 theme packaging 1264:1272 arg1 adhesives 1293:1301 adhesives 1293:1301 adhesives 1293:1301 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 4 35 theme dynamic 818:824 arg1 DMTA 853:856 DMTA 853:856 DMTA 853:856 Their mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). 31546437 4 35 theme dynamic 818:824 arg1 analysis 843:850 dynamic thermomechanical analysis 818:850 dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) 818:857 Their mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). 31546437 7 36 theme films 1274:1278 arg1 field 1248:1252 the field 1244:1252 the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity 1244:1338 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 0 37 theme silver 36:41 arg1 nanoparticles 43:55 silver nanoparticles 36:55 silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties 36:107 Hybrid nanocellulose decorated with silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties. 31546437 2 38 theme UV-Vis 507:512 arg1 spectroscopies 514:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 3 39 theme CNFs 615:618 arg1 potential 598:606 the reinforcing potential 582:606 the reinforcing potential of the CNFs 582:618 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 0 40 theme reinforcing 60:70 arg1 filler 72:77 reinforcing filler 60:77 reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties 60:107 Hybrid nanocellulose decorated with silver nanoparticles as reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties. 31546437 7 41 theme hybrid 1188:1193 arg1 nanofiller 1202:1211 this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller 1183:1211 this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller 1183:1211 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 42 theme active 1257:1262 arg1 coating 1281:1287 coating 1281:1287 coating 1281:1287 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 42 theme active 1257:1262 arg1 films 1274:1278 active packaging films 1257:1278 active packaging films 1257:1278 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 7 42 theme active 1257:1262 arg1 adhesives 1293:1301 adhesives 1293:1301 adhesives 1293:1301 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 3 43 theme film 755:758 arg1 casting 760:766 film casting 755:766 film casting 755:766 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 4 44 theme thermomechanical 826:841 arg1 DMTA 853:856 DMTA 853:856 DMTA 853:856 Their mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). 31546437 4 44 theme thermomechanical 826:841 arg1 analysis 843:850 dynamic thermomechanical analysis 818:850 dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) 818:857 Their mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). 31546437 7 45 theme antibacterial 1317:1329 arg1 activity 1331:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 enhanced antibacterial activity 1308:1338 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 31546437 5 46 theme Gram+ 937:941 arg1 bacteria 953:960 Gram+ and Gram- bacteria 937:960 bacteria 953:960 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 2 47 dep infrared 487:494 arg1 FTIR 497:500 FTIR 497:500 FTIR 497:500 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 3 48 theme acrylic 653:659 arg1 matrix 661:666 an acrylic matrix 650:666 an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents 650:735 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 1 49 theme silver 229:234 arg1 NPs 256:258 NPs 256:258 NPs 256:258 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 1 49 theme silver 229:234 arg1 nanoparticles 241:253 silver (Ag) nanoparticles 229:253 silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction 229:283 Cellulose (Cel) nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by periodate oxidation of native cellulose fibers were functionalized with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) using Tollens' reaction. 31546437 4 50 theme mechanical 775:784 arg1 properties 786:795 Their mechanical properties 769:795 Their mechanical properties 769:795 Their mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA). 31546437 2 51 theme chemical 305:312 arg1 composition 314:324 chemical composition 305:324 chemical composition 305:324 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 52 theme infrared 487:494 arg1 spectroscopies 514:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 3 53 theme reinforcing 586:596 arg1 potential 598:606 the reinforcing potential 582:606 the reinforcing potential of the CNFs 582:618 To check whether the hybridization with Ag affected the reinforcing potential of the CNFs, nanocomposite films based on an acrylic matrix filled with the as-prepared Cel-Ag nanofibrils at different contents were processed by film casting. 31546437 6 54 theme nanocellulose 1057:1069 arg1 potential 1040:1048 the reinforcing potential 1024:1048 the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose 1024:1069 Interestingly, the presence of Ag NPs did not seem to affect the reinforcing potential of the nanocellulose, and the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit of 12 ppb. 31546437 5 55 theme hybrid 864:869 arg1 nanofibrils 878:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils 860:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils 860:888 The hybrid Cel-Ag nanofibrils exhibited good bactericidal properties against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. 31546437 2 56 theme Fourier-transform 469:485 arg1 spectroscopies 514:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies 469:527 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 57 theme nanofibrils 356:366 arg1 morphology 290:299 morphology 290:299 morphology 290:299 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 2 57 theme nanofibrils 356:366 arg1 composition 314:324 chemical composition 305:324 chemical composition 305:324 The morphology and chemical composition of the resulting Cel-Aghybrid nanofibrils were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. 31546437 7 58 theme great 1225:1229 arg1 potential 1231:1239 a great potential 1223:1239 a great potential 1223:1239 Nanocomposites based on this hybrid Cel-Ag nanofiller thus have a great potential in the field of active packaging films, coating and adhesives with enhanced antibacterial activity. 30708003 0 0 theme catalytic 95:103 arg1 support 105:111 Efficient catalytic support 85:111 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 6 1 theme high 1109:1112 arg1 recyclability 1114:1126 high recyclability 1109:1126 high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching 1109:1169 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 1 2 theme octakis 280:286 arg1 octasilsesquioxane 303:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 0 3 theme Efficient 85:93 arg1 support 105:111 Efficient catalytic support 85:111 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 4 4 theme hybrid 761:766 arg1 catalyst 768:775 the hybrid catalyst 757:775 the hybrid catalyst 757:775 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 2 5 from reactions 494:502 arg1 absence 511:517 the absence 507:517 the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst 507:547 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 4 6 theme components 914:923 arg1 contribution 886:897 the contribution 882:897 the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis 882:940 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 1 7 theme 3-chloropropyl 288:301 arg1 octasilsesquioxane 303:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 3 8 theme catalytic 598:606 arg1 activities 608:617 the catalytic activities 594:617 the catalytic activities of the control catalysts 594:642 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 6 9 theme recyclability 1072:1084 arg1 Study 1059:1063 The Study 1055:1063 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst 1055:1100 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 2 10 theme reaction 560:567 arg1 condition 569:577 mild reaction condition 555:577 mild reaction condition 555:577 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 4 11 theme superior 784:791 arg1 activity 803:810 superior catalytic activity 784:810 superior catalytic activity 784:810 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 2 12 used utilized 411:418 arg2 composite 396:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 2 12 used utilized 411:418 arg2 catalyst 450:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst 423:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition 423:577 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 1 13 theme novel 174:178 arg1 catalyst 189:196 a novel magnetic catalyst 172:196 a novel magnetic catalyst 172:196 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 2 14 theme mild 555:558 arg1 condition 569:577 mild reaction condition 555:577 mild reaction condition 555:577 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 6 15 theme catalyst 1093:1100 arg1 recyclability 1072:1084 the recyclability 1068:1084 the recyclability of the catalyst 1068:1100 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 4 16 theme individual 848:857 arg1 components 859:868 the individual components 844:868 the individual components 844:868 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 1 17 theme magnetic 180:187 arg1 catalyst 189:196 a novel magnetic catalyst 172:196 a novel magnetic catalyst 172:196 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 2 18 theme ligand 526:531 arg1 absence 511:517 the absence 507:517 the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst 507:547 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 6 19 theme low 1155:1157 arg1 leaching 1162:1169 low Pd leaching 1155:1169 high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching 1109:1169 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 0 20 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 hybrid 9:14 Magnetic hybrid 0:14 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 3 21 theme control 626:632 arg1 catalysts 634:642 the control catalysts 622:642 the control catalysts 622:642 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 0 22 theme cyclodextrin 19:30 arg1 nanosponge 32:41 cyclodextrin nanosponge 19:41 cyclodextrin nanosponge 19:41 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 1 23 dep prepared 202:209 arg1 followed 322:329 followed 322:329 followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles 322:379 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 0 24 theme nanoparticles 138:150 arg1 immobilization 117:130 immobilization 117:130 immobilization of Pd nanoparticles 117:150 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 3 25 theme activities 608:617 arg1 Comparison 580:589 Comparison 580:589 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts 580:642 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 3 25 theme activities 608:617 arg1 catalyst 652:659 the catalyst 648:659 the catalyst 648:659 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 6 26 theme Pd 1159:1160 arg1 leaching 1162:1169 low Pd leaching 1155:1169 high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching 1109:1169 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 2 27 theme Sonogashira 473:483 arg1 reactions 494:502 Sonogashira and Heck reactions 473:502 Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst 473:547 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 5 28 theme catalytic 1032:1040 arg1 performance 1042:1052 the catalytic performance 1028:1052 the catalytic performance 1028:1052 Furthermore, it was found that incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles could improve the catalytic performance. 30708003 0 29 theme Pd 135:136 arg1 nanoparticles 138:150 Pd nanoparticles 135:150 Pd nanoparticles 135:150 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 3 30 theme efficient 710:718 arg1 support 720:726 more efficient support 705:726 more efficient support that cyclodextrin 705:744 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 6 31 theme catalyst 1135:1142 arg1 recyclability 1114:1126 high recyclability 1109:1126 high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching 1109:1169 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 6 31 theme catalyst 1135:1142 arg1 leaching 1162:1169 low Pd leaching 1155:1169 high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching 1109:1169 The Study of the recyclability of the catalyst showed high recyclability of the catalyst as well as low Pd leaching. 30708003 0 32 theme nanosponge 32:41 arg1 hybrid 9:14 Magnetic hybrid 0:14 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 2 33 theme Heck 489:492 arg1 reactions 494:502 Sonogashira and Heck reactions 473:502 Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst 473:547 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 0 34 theme oligomeric 58:67 arg1 silsesquioxane 69:82 polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane 47:82 polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane 47:82 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 1 35 theme Pd 351:352 arg1 incorporation 334:346 incorporation 334:346 incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles 334:379 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 2 36 theme co-catalyst 537:547 arg1 absence 511:517 the absence 507:517 the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst 507:547 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 3 37 theme catalysts 634:642 arg1 activities 608:617 the catalytic activities 594:617 the catalytic activities of the control catalysts 594:642 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 2 38 theme resulting 386:394 arg1 catalyst 450:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst 423:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition 423:577 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 2 38 theme resulting 386:394 arg1 composite 396:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 0 39 theme polyhedral 47:56 arg1 silsesquioxane 69:82 polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane 47:82 polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane 47:82 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 2 40 dep ligand 526:531 arg1 any 522:524 any 522:524 any 522:524 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 4 41 theme hybrid 907:912 arg1 components 914:923 both hybrid components 902:923 both hybrid components 902:923 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 5 42 theme nanoparticles 1000:1012 arg1 incorporation 974:986 incorporation 974:986 incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles 974:1012 Furthermore, it was found that incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles could improve the catalytic performance. 30708003 1 43 theme magnetic 358:365 arg1 nanoparticles 367:379 magnetic nanoparticles 358:379 magnetic nanoparticles 358:379 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 3 44 theme cyclodextrin 676:687 arg1 nanosponges 689:699 cyclodextrin nanosponges 676:699 cyclodextrin nanosponges 676:699 Comparison of the catalytic activities of the control catalysts and the catalyst confirmed that cyclodextrin nanosponges was more efficient support that cyclodextrin. 30708003 1 45 theme functionalized 236:249 arg1 nanosponges 264:274 functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges 236:274 functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges 236:274 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 5 46 theme magnetic 991:998 arg1 nanoparticles 1000:1012 magnetic nanoparticles 991:1012 magnetic nanoparticles 991:1012 Furthermore, it was found that incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles could improve the catalytic performance. 30708003 4 47 theme catalytic 793:801 arg1 activity 803:810 superior catalytic activity 784:810 superior catalytic activity 784:810 Moreover, the hybrid catalyst showed superior catalytic activity compared to those obtained from the individual components, indicating the contribution of both hybrid components to the catalysis. 30708003 1 48 theme cyclodextrin 251:262 arg1 nanosponges 264:274 functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges 236:274 functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges 236:274 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 0 49 dep hybrid 9:14 arg1 support 105:111 Efficient catalytic support 85:111 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 2 50 theme efficient 426:434 arg1 composite 396:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite 382:404 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 2 50 theme efficient 426:434 arg1 catalyst 450:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst 423:457 an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition 423:577 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 1 51 theme nanosponges 264:274 arg1 octasilsesquioxane 303:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane 280:320 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 1 51 theme nanosponges 264:274 arg1 hybridization 219:231 hybridization 219:231 hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges 219:274 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 0 52 theme silsesquioxane 69:82 arg1 hybrid 9:14 Magnetic hybrid 0:14 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 0:151 Magnetic hybrid of cyclodextrin nanosponge and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: Efficient catalytic support for immobilization of Pd nanoparticles. 30708003 1 53 theme nanoparticles 367:379 arg1 incorporation 334:346 incorporation 334:346 incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles 334:379 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 30708003 2 54 dep efficient 426:434 arg1 heterogeneous 436:448 heterogeneous 436:448 heterogeneous 436:448 The resulting composite, was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting Sonogashira and Heck reactions in the absence of any ligand and co-catalyst under mild reaction condition. 30708003 1 55 theme first 161:165 arg1 time 167:170 the first time 157:170 the first time 157:170 For the first time a novel magnetic catalyst was prepared through hybridization of functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponges and octakis(3-chloropropyl)octasilsesquioxane followed by incorporation of Pd and magnetic nanoparticles. 31566481 0 0 theme silanated-gelatin/sodium 94:117 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 8 1 located observed 1392:1399 arg2 precipitation 1370:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 8 1 located observed 1392:1399 arg1 surface 1408:1414 the surface 1404:1414 the surface of scaffolds 1404:1427 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 2 2 theme first 400:404 arg1 time 406:409 the first time 396:409 the first time 396:409 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 6 3 theme body 1066:1069 arg1 solution 1071:1078 body solution 1066:1078 body solution 1066:1078 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 0 4 theme biosurfactant-modified 71:92 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 1 5 theme study 193:197 arg1 aim 181:183 The aim 177:183 The aim of this study 177:197 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 1 6 theme improved 292:299 arg1 strength 312:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 0 7 theme bioglass 133:140 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 5 8 with pores 914:918 arg1 sizes 926:930 sizes 926:930 sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration 926:1006 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 1 9 theme mechanical 301:310 arg1 strength 312:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 2 10 theme bone 553:556 arg1 substitution 558:569 bone substitution 553:569 bone substitution 553:569 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 7 11 theme times 1315:1319 arg1 weight 1325:1330 water 15 times its weight 1306:1330 water 15 times its weight 1306:1330 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 0 12 theme tissue 147:152 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 0 13 theme bone 142:145 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 7 14 theme Foamed 1149:1154 arg1 scaffold 1156:1163 Foamed scaffold 1149:1163 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 1149:1188 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 6 15 theme tween 1139:1143 arg1 addition 1127:1134 addition 1127:1134 addition of tween 80 1127:1146 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 8 16 dep in 1343:1344 arg1 vitro 1346:1350 vitro 1346:1350 vitro 1346:1350 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 5 17 theme % 876:876 arg1 v/v 878:880 1% v/v 875:880 1% v/v tween 80 875:889 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 7 18 from immersion 1240:1248 arg1 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 7 18 from immersion 1240:1248 arg1 fluid 1268:1272 simulated body fluid 1253:1272 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1253:1278 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 2 19 theme suitable 531:538 arg1 scaffold 540:547 a suitable scaffold 529:547 a suitable scaffold for bone substitution 529:569 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 5 20 theme tissue 988:993 arg1 regeneration 995:1006 tissue regeneration 988:1006 tissue regeneration 988:1006 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 0 21 theme Physical 0:7 arg1 evaluation 45:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation 0:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 0:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 6 22 theme scaffolds 1040:1048 arg1 strength 1021:1028 Compressive strength 1009:1028 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution 1009:1078 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 3 23 theme composite 598:606 arg1 scaffolds 608:616 The composite scaffolds 594:616 The composite scaffolds 594:616 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 2 24 theme nonionic 413:420 arg1 Tween 438:442 Tween 438:442 Tween 438:442 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 2 24 theme nonionic 413:420 arg1 bio-surfactant 422:435 a nonionic bio-surfactant 411:435 a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) 411:446 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 5 25 theme tween 882:886 arg1 incorporation 858:870 incorporation 858:870 incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 858:889 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 6 26 theme foamed 1033:1038 arg1 scaffolds 1040:1048 foamed scaffolds 1033:1048 foamed scaffolds 1033:1048 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 8 27 theme phosphate 1360:1368 arg1 precipitation 1370:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 0 28 theme mechanical 10:19 arg1 evaluation 45:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation 0:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 0:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 0 29 theme engineering 154:164 arg1 evaluation 45:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation 0:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 0:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 4 30 theme scaffolds 766:774 arg1 Characterization 735:750 Characterization 735:750 Characterization of fabricated scaffolds 735:774 Characterization of fabricated scaffolds is carried out. 31566481 6 31 from strength 1021:1028 arg1 contact 1053:1059 contact 1053:1059 contact with body solution 1053:1078 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 1 32 theme porous 224:229 arg1 scaffold 231:238 a highly porous scaffold 215:238 a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength 215:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 2 33 theme essential 505:513 arg1 properties 515:524 the essential properties 501:524 the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution 501:569 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 3 34 theme gelatin/sodium 696:709 arg1 bioglass 725:732 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 696:732 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 696:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 6 35 theme due 1120:1122 arg1 1.41 MPa 1111:1118 1.41 MPa 1111:1118 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80 1111:1146 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 5 36 theme well-shaped 902:912 arg1 pores 914:918 well-shaped pores 902:918 well-shaped pores 902:918 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 7 37 theme structural 1205:1214 arg1 stability 1216:1224 its structural stability 1201:1224 its structural stability 1201:1224 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 6 38 theme Compressive 1009:1019 arg1 strength 1021:1028 Compressive strength 1009:1028 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution 1009:1078 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 5 39 theme SEM 792:794 arg1 micrographs 796:806 SEM micrographs 792:806 SEM micrographs 792:806 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 3 40 theme various 678:684 arg1 ratios 686:691 various ratios 678:691 various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 678:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 3 41 contain containing 667:676 arg1 suspension 656:665 suspension 656:665 suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 656:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 3 41 contain containing 667:676 arg2 ratios 686:691 various ratios 678:691 various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 678:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 2 42 theme scaffold 540:547 arg1 properties 515:524 the essential properties 501:524 the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution 501:569 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 7 43 theme body 1263:1266 arg1 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 7 43 theme body 1263:1266 arg1 fluid 1268:1272 simulated body fluid 1253:1272 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1253:1278 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 5 44 theme 1 875:875 arg1 % 876:876 % 876:876 % 876:876 SEM micrographs reveal that all samples are highly porous however incorporation of 1% v/v tween 80 results in well-shaped pores, with sizes ranging between 100 and 200 µm which is appropriate for tissue regeneration. 31566481 0 45 theme biological 34:43 arg1 evaluation 45:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation 0:54 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 0:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 7 46 theme simulated 1253:1261 arg1 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 SBF 1275:1277 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 7 46 theme simulated 1253:1261 arg1 fluid 1268:1272 simulated body fluid 1253:1272 simulated body fluid (SBF) 1253:1278 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 7 47 theme weight 1325:1330 arg1 absorption 1292:1301 the absorption 1288:1301 the absorption of water 15 times its weight 1288:1330 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 6 48 with contact 1053:1059 arg1 solution 1071:1078 body solution 1066:1078 body solution 1066:1078 Compressive strength of foamed scaffolds in contact with body solution has been enhanced from 0.37 to 1.41 MPa due to addition of tween 80. 31566481 3 49 theme suspension 656:665 arg1 freeze-drying 639:651 freeze-drying 639:651 freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 639:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 8 50 theme in 1343:1344 arg1 precipitation 1370:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 8 51 theme scaffolds 1419:1427 arg1 surface 1408:1414 the surface 1404:1414 the surface of scaffolds 1404:1427 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 3 52 theme alginate/45S5 711:723 arg1 bioglass 725:732 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 696:732 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 696:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 8 53 theme calcium 1352:1358 arg1 precipitation 1370:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation 1343:1382 Moreover, in vitro calcium phosphate precipitation is well observed on the surface of scaffolds. 31566481 7 54 theme water 1306:1310 arg1 weight 1325:1330 water 15 times its weight 1306:1330 water 15 times its weight 1306:1330 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 2 55 used used 365:368 arg2 GPTMS 355:359 GPTMS 355:359 GPTMS 355:359 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 2 55 used used 365:368 arg2 cross-linker 375:386 a cross-linker 373:386 a cross-linker 373:386 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 2 55 used used 365:368 arg2 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane 322:352 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane 322:352 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) 322:360 Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is used as a cross-linker and for the first time a nonionic bio-surfactant (Tween 80) is introduced to the composition to evaluate whether the essential properties of a suitable scaffold for bone substitution can be reached or not. 31566481 1 56 theme gelatin/sodium 249:262 arg1 bioglass 278:285 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 249:285 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength 249:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 0 57 theme synthesized 59:69 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31566481 3 58 theme bioglass 725:732 arg1 ratios 686:691 various ratios 678:691 various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 678:732 The composite scaffolds are prepared through freeze-drying of suspension containing various ratios of gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass. 31566481 1 59 with bioglass 278:285 arg1 strength 312:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 improved mechanical strength 292:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 4 60 theme fabricated 755:764 arg1 scaffolds 766:774 fabricated scaffolds 755:774 fabricated scaffolds 755:774 Characterization of fabricated scaffolds is carried out. 31566481 1 61 theme alginate/45S5 264:276 arg1 bioglass 278:285 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass 249:285 gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength 249:319 The aim of this study is to fabricate a highly porous scaffold based on gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass with improved mechanical strength. 31566481 7 62 theme 7 days 1233:1238 arg1 immersion 1240:1248 7 days immersion 1233:1248 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) 1233:1278 Foamed scaffold reinforced with tween 80 maintained its structural stability within 7 days immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) despite the absorption of water 15 times its weight. 31566481 0 63 theme alginate/45S5 119:131 arg1 engineering 154:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering 59:164 Physical, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluation of synthesized biosurfactant-modified silanated-gelatin/sodium alginate/45S5 bioglass bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 31181276 2 0 theme crosslinking 497:508 arg1 method 510:515 ionic crosslinking method 491:515 ionic crosslinking method 491:515 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 5 1 theme vigorous 1090:1097 arg1 action 1099:1104 a vigorous action 1088:1104 a vigorous action toward bacterial cells 1088:1127 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 5 2 theme CFT/NCT 861:867 arg1 activity 883:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity 857:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity 857:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 0 3 theme antimicrobial 88:100 arg1 potentiality 102:113 their antimicrobial potentiality 82:113 their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria 82:145 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone nano-composite to strengthen and sustain their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria. 31181276 5 4 theme bacterial 1113:1121 arg1 cells 1123:1127 bacterial cells 1113:1127 bacterial cells 1113:1127 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 6 5 theme resistant 1346:1354 arg1 strains 1366:1372 resistant bacterial strains 1346:1372 resistant bacterial strains 1346:1372 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 5 6 theme CFT/NCT 1061:1067 arg1 nano-composite 1069:1082 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1061:1082 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1061:1082 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 0 7 theme drug 123:126 arg1 bacteria 138:145 drug resistant bacteria 123:145 drug resistant bacteria 123:145 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone nano-composite to strengthen and sustain their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria. 31181276 6 8 theme nano-composite 1247:1260 arg1 formulation 1224:1234 The formulation 1220:1234 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite 1220:1260 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 5 9 theme aureus 942:947 arg1 strains 916:922 3 strains 914:922 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants) 914:972 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 3 10 contain had 633:635 arg2 mean 653:656 particles' size mean 637:656 particles' size mean of 56 nm 637:665 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 3 10 contain had 633:635 arg1 they 601:604 they 601:604 they 601:604 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 6 11 theme bacterial 1356:1364 arg1 strains 1366:1372 resistant bacterial strains 1346:1372 resistant bacterial strains 1346:1372 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 4 12 from composite 821:829 arg1 maximum 780:786 the maximum 776:786 the maximum released of CFT 776:802 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 4 12 from composite 821:829 arg1 % 810:810 78% 808:810 78% 808:810 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 6 13 theme CFT/NCT 1239:1245 arg1 nano-composite 1247:1260 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1239:1260 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1239:1260 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 5 14 contain had 1084:1086 arg1 nano-composite 1069:1082 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1061:1082 CFT/NCT nano-composite 1061:1082 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 5 14 contain had 1084:1086 arg2 action 1099:1104 a vigorous action 1088:1104 a vigorous action toward bacterial cells 1088:1127 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 2 15 used used 393:396 arg2 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 15 used used 393:396 arg2 polymer 318:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer 295:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) 295:330 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 3 16 theme CFT/chitosan 554:565 arg1 NCT 582:584 NCT 582:584 NCT 582:584 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 3 16 theme CFT/chitosan 554:565 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles 542:579 synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) 542:585 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 1 17 theme compounds 210:218 arg1 delivery 191:198 the delivery 187:198 the delivery of active compounds 187:218 Nano-biopolymers could be employed for the delivery of active compounds to increase their stability, bioavailability, efficacy and sustainability. 31181276 4 18 theme loading 676:682 arg1 % 711:711 54.37% 706:711 54.37% 706:711 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 4 18 theme loading 676:682 arg1 capacity 684:691 The CFT loading capacity 668:691 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT 668:700 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 0 19 theme resistant 128:136 arg1 bacteria 138:145 drug resistant bacteria 123:145 drug resistant bacteria 123:145 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone nano-composite to strengthen and sustain their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria. 31181276 2 20 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 20 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 polymer 318:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer 295:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) 295:330 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 1 21 theme active 203:208 arg1 compounds 210:218 active compounds 203:218 active compounds 203:218 Nano-biopolymers could be employed for the delivery of active compounds to increase their stability, bioavailability, efficacy and sustainability. 31181276 2 22 theme ionic 491:495 arg1 method 510:515 ionic crosslinking method 491:515 ionic crosslinking method 491:515 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 23 theme loading 402:408 arg1 ceftriaxone 410:420 loading ceftriaxone 402:420 loading ceftriaxone (CFT) 402:426 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 23 theme loading 402:408 arg1 CFT 423:425 CFT 423:425 CFT 423:425 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 4 24 theme NCT 817:819 arg1 composite 821:829 NCT composite 817:829 NCT composite 817:829 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 0 25 theme chitosan/ceftriaxone 20:39 arg1 Appliance 0:8 Appliance 0:8 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone 0:39 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone nano-composite to strengthen and sustain their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria. 31181276 2 26 dep Cunninghamella 365:378 arg1 elegans 380:386 Cunninghamella elegans 365:386 Cunninghamella elegans 365:386 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 0 27 theme fungal 13:18 arg1 chitosan/ceftriaxone 20:39 fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone 13:39 fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone 13:39 Appliance of fungal chitosan/ceftriaxone nano-composite to strengthen and sustain their antimicrobial potentiality against drug resistant bacteria. 31181276 5 28 theme methicillin 950:960 arg1 aureus 942:947 Staphylococcus aureus 927:947 Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants) 927:972 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 5 28 theme methicillin 950:960 arg1 resistants 962:971 methicillin resistants 950:971 methicillin resistants 950:971 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 5 29 theme antibacterial 869:881 arg1 activity 883:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity 857:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity 857:890 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 6 30 theme biocidal 1308:1315 arg1 activity 1317:1324 drug biocidal activity 1303:1324 drug biocidal activity 1303:1324 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 5 31 theme most 1130:1133 arg1 cells 1135:1139 most cells 1130:1139 most cells 1130:1139 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 6 32 theme drug 1303:1306 arg1 activity 1317:1324 drug biocidal activity 1303:1324 drug biocidal activity 1303:1324 The formulation of CFT/NCT nano-composite is exceedingly recommended for enhancing drug biocidal activity, especially against resistant bacterial strains. 31181276 3 33 theme 56 nm 661:665 arg1 mean 653:656 particles' size mean 637:656 particles' size mean of 56 nm 637:665 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 5 34 theme scanning 1000:1007 arg1 images 1009:1014 scanning images 1000:1014 scanning images 1000:1014 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 4 35 dep high 761:764 arg1 % 772:772 79.43% 767:772 79.43% 767:772 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 5 36 theme electron 1019:1026 arg1 microscope 1028:1037 electron microscope 1019:1037 electron microscope 1019:1037 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 2 37 theme bioactive 299:307 arg1 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 Cts 327:329 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 37 theme bioactive 299:307 arg1 polymer 318:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer 295:324 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) 295:330 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 3 38 theme size 648:651 arg1 mean 653:656 particles' size mean 637:656 particles' size mean of 56 nm 637:665 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 4 39 theme entrapment 724:733 arg1 efficiency 735:744 its entrapment efficiency 720:744 its entrapment efficiency 720:744 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 3 40 theme nanoparticles 567:579 arg1 characterization 522:537 The characterization 518:537 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) 518:585 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 5 41 theme microscope 1028:1037 arg1 diffusion 986:994 disc diffusion 981:994 disc diffusion 981:994 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 5 41 theme microscope 1028:1037 arg1 images 1009:1014 scanning images 1000:1014 scanning images 1000:1014 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 2 42 theme grown 351:355 arg1 Cunninghamella 365:378 Cunninghamella 365:378 Cunninghamella 365:378 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 2 42 theme grown 351:355 arg1 fungus 357:362 grown fungus 351:362 grown fungus 351:362 The bioactive chitosan polymer (Cts) was extracted from grown fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, and used for loading ceftriaxone (CFT) and forming the nano-conjugates using tripolyphosphate (TPP) - ionic crosslinking method. 31181276 4 43 theme CFT 672:674 arg1 % 711:711 54.37% 706:711 54.37% 706:711 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 4 43 theme CFT 672:674 arg1 capacity 684:691 The CFT loading capacity 668:691 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT 668:700 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 5 44 theme exposure 1181:1188 arg1 6 h 1174:1176 6 h 1174:1176 6 h of exposure 1174:1188 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 4 45 from dialysis 847:854 arg1 90 h 837:840 90 h 837:840 90 h from dialysis 837:854 The CFT loading capacity onto NCT was 54.37%, while its entrapment efficiency was apparently high (79.43%); the maximum released of CFT was 78% from NCT composite after 90 h from dialysis. 31181276 5 46 theme disc 981:984 arg1 diffusion 986:994 disc diffusion 981:994 disc diffusion 981:994 The CFT/NCT antibacterial activity was confirmed against 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin resistants), using disc diffusion and scanning images of electron microscope, which elucidate that CFT/NCT nano-composite had a vigorous action toward bacterial cells; most cells were ruptured and exploded after 6 h of exposure and entirely lysed after 9 h. 31181276 3 47 theme synthesized 542:552 arg1 NCT 582:584 NCT 582:584 NCT 582:584 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31181276 3 47 theme synthesized 542:552 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles 542:579 synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) 542:585 The characterization of synthesized CFT/chitosan nanoparticles (NCT) revealed that they chemically crosslinked and had particles' size mean of 56 nm. 31888809 0 0 theme nanoparticles 92:104 arg1 incorporation 67:79 incorporation 67:79 incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles 67:104 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 1 1 theme bacterial 180:188 arg1 films 227:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 7 2 theme MBC 1067:1069 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 2 theme MBC 1067:1069 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 0 3 theme MnFe2O4 84:90 arg1 nanoparticles 92:104 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles 84:104 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles 84:104 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 6 4 theme greater 938:944 arg1 film 985:988 greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film 938:988 greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film 938:988 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 1 5 theme cellulose 190:198 arg1 films 227:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 3 6 theme normal 414:419 arg1 mode 421:424 the normal mode 410:424 the normal mode 410:424 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 6 7 theme mode 1004:1007 arg1 measurement 1009:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 6 8 from sensitivity 923:933 arg1 measurement 1009:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 4 9 theme composite 716:724 arg1 film 726:729 the composite film 712:729 the composite film 712:729 In the bending mode, the piezoelectric response increased to 25 pC/N and 57 pC/N for the BC film and the composite film, respectively. 31888809 7 10 theme flexible 1123:1130 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 10 theme flexible 1123:1130 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 4 11 theme piezoelectric 636:648 arg1 response 650:657 the piezoelectric response 632:657 the piezoelectric response 632:657 In the bending mode, the piezoelectric response increased to 25 pC/N and 57 pC/N for the BC film and the composite film, respectively. 31888809 0 12 theme films 58:62 arg1 properties 24:33 piezoelectric properties 10:33 piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films 10:62 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 5 13 theme tape 826:829 arg1 electrodes 831:840 carbon tape electrodes 819:840 carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes 819:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 1 14 theme BC 201:202 arg1 films 227:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 0 15 theme piezoelectric 10:22 arg1 properties 24:33 piezoelectric properties 10:33 piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films 10:62 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 3 16 theme PVDF 590:593 arg1 film 605:608 the PVDF reference film 586:608 the PVDF reference film 586:608 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 5 17 theme electrodes 895:904 arg1 films 867:871 the films 863:871 the films instead of sandwiched electrodes 863:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 6 18 theme normal 997:1002 arg1 measurement 1009:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 the normal mode measurement 993:1019 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 7 19 theme sensitive 1113:1121 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 19 theme sensitive 1113:1121 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 1 20 theme Low-cost 107:114 arg1 sensors 151:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 1 21 theme /MnFe2O4 204:211 arg1 films 227:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 7 22 theme inexpensive 1090:1100 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 22 theme inexpensive 1090:1100 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 5 23 attach attached 842:849 arg1 films 867:871 the films 863:871 the films instead of sandwiched electrodes 863:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 5 23 attach attached 842:849 arg2 electrodes 831:840 carbon tape electrodes 819:840 carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes 819:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 1 24 dep fabricated 164:173 arg1 followed 264:271 followed 264:271 followed by hot-pressing 264:287 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 1 25 theme nanocomposite 213:225 arg1 films 227:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films 180:231 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 2 26 theme BC 350:351 arg1 structure 353:361 the BC structure 346:361 the BC structure 346:361 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed in the BC structure. 31888809 3 27 from measurements 394:405 arg1 mode 421:424 the normal mode 410:424 the normal mode 410:424 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 4 28 theme BC 700:701 arg1 film 703:706 the BC film 696:706 the BC film 696:706 In the bending mode, the piezoelectric response increased to 25 pC/N and 57 pC/N for the BC film and the composite film, respectively. 31888809 0 29 theme cellulose 48:56 arg1 films 58:62 bacterial cellulose films 38:62 bacterial cellulose films 38:62 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 6 30 theme film 985:988 arg1 sensitivity 923:933 a sensitivity 921:933 a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement 921:1019 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 0 31 theme bacterial 38:46 arg1 films 58:62 bacterial cellulose films 38:62 bacterial cellulose films 38:62 Enhancing piezoelectric properties of bacterial cellulose films by incorporation of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. 31888809 5 32 theme sandwiched 884:893 arg1 electrodes 895:904 sandwiched electrodes 884:904 sandwiched electrodes 884:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 3 33 theme pristine 442:449 arg1 film 454:457 the pristine BC film 438:457 the pristine BC film 438:457 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 6 34 theme nanocomposite 971:983 arg1 film 985:988 greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film 938:988 greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film 938:988 This produced a sensitivity of greater than 50 pC/N for the MBC nanocomposite film in the normal mode measurement. 31888809 5 35 theme carbon 819:824 arg1 electrodes 831:840 carbon tape electrodes 819:840 carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes 819:904 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 5 36 theme piezoelectric 760:772 arg1 sensitivity 774:784 the piezoelectric sensitivity 756:784 the piezoelectric sensitivity 756:784 Moreover, the piezoelectric sensitivity was significantly enhanced using carbon tape electrodes attached directly to the films instead of sandwiched electrodes. 31888809 1 37 theme sensitive 127:135 arg1 sensors 151:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 3 38 theme BC 451:452 arg1 film 454:457 the pristine BC film 438:457 the pristine BC film 438:457 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 7 39 theme composite 1071:1079 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 39 theme composite 1071:1079 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 40 theme piezoelectric 1132:1144 arg1 films 1081:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 MBC composite films 1067:1085 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 7 40 theme piezoelectric 1132:1144 arg1 sensors 1146:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors 1090:1152 Our work demonstrates the potential of using MBC composite films as inexpensive and highly sensitive flexible piezoelectric sensors. 31888809 1 41 theme piezoelectric 137:149 arg1 sensors 151:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors 107:157 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 2 42 theme MnFe2O4 290:296 arg1 nanoparticles 298:310 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles 290:310 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles 290:310 MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed in the BC structure. 31888809 1 43 theme co-precipitation 239:254 arg1 method 256:261 a co-precipitation method 237:261 a co-precipitation method 237:261 Low-cost and highly sensitive piezoelectric sensors were fabricated from bacterial cellulose (BC)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite films via a co-precipitation method, followed by hot-pressing. 31888809 4 44 theme bending 618:624 arg1 mode 626:629 the bending mode 614:629 the bending mode 614:629 In the bending mode, the piezoelectric response increased to 25 pC/N and 57 pC/N for the BC film and the composite film, respectively. 31888809 3 45 theme piezoelectric 368:380 arg1 measurements 394:405 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements 364:405 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode 364:424 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 3 46 theme composite 547:555 arg1 comparable 572:581 comparable 572:581 comparable 572:581 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 3 46 theme composite 547:555 arg1 film 557:560 the composite film 543:560 the composite film 543:560 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 3 47 theme ∼5 pC/N 486:492 arg1 sensitivity 471:481 a sensitivity 469:481 a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N 469:492 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 3 48 theme sensitivity 382:392 arg1 measurements 394:405 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements 364:405 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode 364:424 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31888809 3 49 theme reference 595:603 arg1 film 605:608 the PVDF reference film 586:608 the PVDF reference film 586:608 The piezoelectric sensitivity measurements in the normal mode showed that the pristine BC film exhibited a sensitivity of ∼5 pC/N, whereas this value was increased to 23 pC/N for the composite film, which is comparable to the PVDF reference film. 31651088 7 0 theme cell 1222:1225 arg1 concentration 1227:1239 the initial cell concentration 1210:1239 the initial cell concentration of the strains 1210:1254 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 9 1 theme accurate 1663:1670 arg1 comparison 1672:1681 a more accurate comparison 1656:1681 a more accurate comparison 1656:1681 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 3 2 theme asymmetrical 498:509 arg1 Green 534:538 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I 494:540 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) 494:545 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 2 theme asymmetrical 498:509 arg1 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 2 theme asymmetrical 498:509 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 2 3 theme counting 404:411 arg1 technology 413:422 cell counting technology 399:422 cell counting technology 399:422 To better understand the metabolism of the bacteria and better control the concentration of living cells during cultivation, a prompt cell counting technology is crucial and urgently required. 31651088 6 4 theme R2 1115:1116 arg1 strain 1107:1112 the K. xylinus strain 1092:1112 the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898) 1092:1126 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 6 4 theme R2 1115:1116 arg1 = 0.9898 1118:1125 R2 = 0.9898 1115:1125 R2 = 0.9898 1115:1125 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 2 5 theme cells 364:368 arg1 concentration 340:352 the concentration 336:352 the concentration of living cells during cultivation 336:387 To better understand the metabolism of the bacteria and better control the concentration of living cells during cultivation, a prompt cell counting technology is crucial and urgently required. 31651088 9 6 theme kit 1833:1835 arg1 SYTO 1774:1777 the SYTO 9 1770:1779 SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1755:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 9 7 theme cellulose 1627:1635 arg1 production 1637:1646 bacterial cellulose production 1617:1646 bacterial cellulose production 1617:1646 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 4 8 theme K. xylinus 727:736 arg1 cells 738:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells 713:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope 713:789 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 0 9 theme precise 83:89 arg1 control 91:97 precise control 83:97 precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 83:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 9 10 theme staining 1579:1586 arg1 cost 1741:1744 the lower cost 1731:1744 (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1726:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 9 10 theme staining 1579:1586 arg1 application 1554:1564 the application 1550:1564 (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains 1546:1719 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 8 11 theme cellulose 1341:1349 arg1 yield 1351:1355 The cellulose yield 1337:1355 The cellulose yield per live cell 1337:1369 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 4 12 theme live 713:716 arg1 cells 738:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells 713:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope 713:789 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 0 13 theme inoculation 102:112 arg1 control 91:97 precise control 83:97 precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 83:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 7 14 theme significant 1285:1295 arg1 difference 1297:1306 no significant difference 1282:1306 no significant difference among the strains 1282:1324 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 4 15 theme fluorescence 841:852 arg1 reader 865:870 a fluorescence microplate reader 839:870 a fluorescence microplate reader 839:870 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 4 16 theme dead 722:725 arg1 cells 738:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells 713:742 live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope 713:789 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 4 17 theme epifluorescence 764:778 arg1 microscope 780:789 an epifluorescence microscope 761:789 an epifluorescence microscope 761:789 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 5 18 theme R2 877:878 arg1 similar 934:940 similar 934:940 similar 934:940 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 5 18 theme R2 877:878 arg1 0.9986 892:897 0.9986 892:897 0.9986 892:897 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 5 18 theme R2 877:878 arg1 values 880:885 The R2 values 873:885 The R2 values 873:885 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 1 19 theme cells 169:173 arg1 enumeration 154:164 The timely enumeration 143:164 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria 143:209 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 8 20 theme following 1467:1475 arg1 order 1477:1481 the following order 1463:1481 the following order 1463:1481 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 9 21 theme available 1801:1809 arg1 kit 1833:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 0 22 from production 131:140 arg1 control 91:97 precise control 83:97 precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 83:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 2 23 theme cell 399:402 arg1 technology 413:422 cell counting technology 399:422 cell counting technology 399:422 To better understand the metabolism of the bacteria and better control the concentration of living cells during cultivation, a prompt cell counting technology is crucial and urgently required. 31651088 7 24 theme K. xylinus 1186:1195 arg1 strains 1197:1203 four different K. xylinus strains 1171:1203 four different K. xylinus strains 1171:1203 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 6 25 theme K. xylinus 1096:1105 arg1 strain 1107:1112 the K. xylinus strain 1092:1112 the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898) 1092:1126 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 6 25 theme K. xylinus 1096:1105 arg1 = 0.9898 1118:1125 R2 = 0.9898 1115:1125 R2 = 0.9898 1115:1125 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 8 26 from strains 1452:1458 arg1 order 1477:1481 the following order 1463:1481 the following order 1463:1481 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 3 27 theme propidium 551:559 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 27 theme propidium 551:559 arg1 PI 569:570 PI 569:570 PI 569:570 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 27 theme propidium 551:559 arg1 iodide 561:566 propidium iodide 551:566 propidium iodide (PI) 551:571 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 1 28 theme nanocellulose-producing 178:200 arg1 bacteria 202:209 nanocellulose-producing bacteria 178:209 nanocellulose-producing bacteria 178:209 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 4 29 theme microplate 854:863 arg1 reader 865:870 a fluorescence microplate reader 839:870 a fluorescence microplate reader 839:870 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 3 30 theme bacterial 654:662 arg1 cells 664:668 live/dead bacterial cells 644:668 live/dead bacterial cells 644:668 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 1 31 theme bacteria 202:209 arg1 cells 169:173 cells 169:173 cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria 169:209 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 7 32 theme initial 1214:1220 arg1 concentration 1227:1239 the initial cell concentration 1210:1239 the initial cell concentration of the strains 1210:1254 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 0 33 theme nanocellulose 117:129 arg1 production 131:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 9 34 dep cost 1741:1744 arg1 ii 1727:1728 ii 1727:1728 ii 1727:1728 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 4 35 theme cells 738:742 arg1 number 703:708 The number 699:708 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope 699:789 The number of live and dead K. xylinus cells determined using an epifluorescence microscope corresponded well to the results obtained using a fluorescence microplate reader. 31651088 7 36 dep controlled 1270:1279 arg1 difference 1297:1306 no significant difference 1282:1306 no significant difference among the strains 1282:1324 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 6 37 theme live/dead 1072:1080 arg1 cells 1082:1086 live/dead cells 1072:1086 live/dead cells 1072:1086 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 0 38 theme live 17:20 arg1 cells 56:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 8 39 theme live 1361:1364 arg1 cell 1366:1369 live cell 1361:1369 live cell 1361:1369 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 2 40 theme bacteria 308:315 arg1 metabolism 290:299 the metabolism 286:299 the metabolism of the bacteria 286:315 To better understand the metabolism of the bacteria and better control the concentration of living cells during cultivation, a prompt cell counting technology is crucial and urgently required. 31651088 0 41 theme Komagataeibacter 31:46 arg1 cells 56:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 8 42 theme significant 1391:1401 arg1 differences 1403:1413 significant differences 1391:1413 significant differences (P < 0.05) 1391:1424 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 8 42 theme significant 1391:1401 arg1 P < 0.05 1416:1423 P < 0.05 1416:1423 P < 0.05 1416:1423 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 0 43 theme dead 26:29 arg1 cells 56:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 9 44 theme different 1703:1711 arg1 strains 1713:1719 different strains 1703:1719 different strains 1703:1719 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 3 45 theme Komagataeibacter 598:613 arg1 species 623:629 Komagataeibacter xylinus species 598:629 Komagataeibacter xylinus species 598:629 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 9 46 theme standardizing 1591:1603 arg1 inocula 1605:1611 standardizing inocula 1591:1611 standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains 1591:1719 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 0 47 theme cells 56:60 arg1 attempt 72:78 first attempt 66:78 first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 66:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 0 47 theme cells 56:60 arg1 Determination 0:12 Determination 0:12 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 0:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 3 48 theme xylinus 615:621 arg1 species 623:629 Komagataeibacter xylinus species 598:629 Komagataeibacter xylinus species 598:629 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 2 49 theme living 357:362 arg1 cells 364:368 living cells 357:368 living cells 357:368 To better understand the metabolism of the bacteria and better control the concentration of living cells during cultivation, a prompt cell counting technology is crucial and urgently required. 31651088 0 50 theme xylinus 48:54 arg1 cells 56:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 17:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 7 51 dep difference 1297:1306 arg1 P> 0.05 1327:1333 P> 0.05 1327:1333 P> 0.05 1327:1333 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 0 52 from inoculation 102:112 arg1 production 131:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 3 53 theme anthocyanidin 511:523 arg1 Green 534:538 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I 494:540 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) 494:545 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 53 theme anthocyanidin 511:523 arg1 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 53 theme anthocyanidin 511:523 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 9 54 dep application 1554:1564 arg1 i 1547:1547 i 1547:1547 i 1547:1547 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 9 55 theme BacLightTM 1822:1831 arg1 kit 1833:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 9 56 theme bacterial 1617:1625 arg1 production 1637:1646 bacterial cellulose production 1617:1646 bacterial cellulose production 1617:1646 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 5 57 theme BacLightTM 980:989 arg1 kit 1002:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 9 58 theme LIVE/DEAD® 1811:1820 arg1 kit 1833:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1784:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 3 59 theme fluorescent 476:486 arg1 Green 534:538 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I 494:540 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) 494:545 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 59 theme fluorescent 476:486 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 59 theme fluorescent 476:486 arg1 iodide 561:566 propidium iodide 551:566 propidium iodide (PI) 551:571 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 9 60 theme SG/PI 1573:1577 arg1 staining 1579:1586 the SG/PI staining 1569:1586 the SG/PI staining 1569:1586 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 6 61 theme proper 1036:1041 arg1 efficiency 1043:1052 proper efficiency 1036:1052 proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898) 1036:1126 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 31651088 5 62 theme LIVE/DEAD® 969:978 arg1 kit 1002:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 0 63 from control 91:97 arg1 attempt 72:78 first attempt 66:78 first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 66:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 0 63 from control 91:97 arg1 production 131:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 nanocellulose production 117:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 0 63 from control 91:97 arg1 Determination 0:12 Determination 0:12 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells 0:60 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 5 64 theme commercial 991:1000 arg1 kit 1002:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit 965:1004 The R2 values were 0.9986 and 0.9920, respectively, and were similar to those obtained with the LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM commercial kit. 31651088 3 65 theme SYBR 529:532 arg1 Green 534:538 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I 494:540 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) 494:545 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 65 theme SYBR 529:532 arg1 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 65 theme SYBR 529:532 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 1 66 theme unique 239:244 arg1 properties 253:262 their unique growth properties 233:262 their unique growth properties 233:262 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 0 67 theme first 66:70 arg1 attempt 72:78 first attempt 66:78 first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production 66:140 Determination of live and dead Komagataeibacter xylinus cells and first attempt at precise control of inoculation in nanocellulose production. 31651088 3 68 theme live/dead 644:652 arg1 cells 664:668 live/dead bacterial cells 644:668 live/dead bacterial cells 644:668 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 69 theme dye 525:527 arg1 Green 534:538 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I 494:540 the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) 494:545 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 69 theme dye 525:527 arg1 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 SG 543:544 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 3 69 theme dye 525:527 arg1 dyes 488:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 two fluorescent dyes 472:491 In this work, two fluorescent dyes, the asymmetrical anthocyanidin dye SYBR Green I (SG) and propidium iodide (PI), were first combined for Komagataeibacter xylinus species to determine live/dead bacterial cells quantitatively and promptly. 31651088 8 70 dep calculated 1375:1384 arg1 DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 1484:1521 DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770 1484:1527 DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770 1484:1527 The cellulose yield per live cell was calculated, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among the four strains in the following order: DHU-ATCC-1> DHU-ZCY-1> DHU-ZGD-1> ATCC 23770. 31651088 1 71 theme growth 246:251 arg1 properties 253:262 their unique growth properties 233:262 their unique growth properties 233:262 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 9 72 theme lower 1735:1739 arg1 cost 1741:1744 the lower cost 1731:1744 (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit 1726:1835 The study shows (i) the application of the SG/PI staining to standardizing inocula for bacterial cellulose production so that a more accurate comparison can be made between different strains, and (ii) the lower cost of using SG rather than the SYTO 9 of the commercially available LIVE/DEAD® BacLightTM kit. 31651088 7 73 theme different 1176:1184 arg1 strains 1197:1203 four different K. xylinus strains 1171:1203 four different K. xylinus strains 1171:1203 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 1 74 theme timely 147:152 arg1 enumeration 154:164 The timely enumeration 143:164 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria 143:209 The timely enumeration of cells of nanocellulose-producing bacteria is challenging due to their unique growth properties. 31651088 7 75 theme strains 1248:1254 arg1 concentration 1227:1239 the initial cell concentration 1210:1239 the initial cell concentration of the strains 1210:1254 The technology was applied to standardize four different K. xylinus strains, and the initial cell concentration of the strains was precisely controlled (no significant difference among the strains, P> 0.05). 31651088 6 76 theme SG/PI 1007:1011 arg1 double-staining 1013:1027 SG/PI double-staining 1007:1027 SG/PI double-staining 1007:1027 SG/PI double-staining showed proper efficiency in distinguishing live/dead cells for the K. xylinus strain (R2 = 0.9898). 30513400 0 0 theme fine 108:111 arg1 particles 113:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 6 1 theme transition 1001:1010 arg1 Tg 1025:1026 Tg 1025:1026 Tg 1025:1026 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 6 1 theme transition 1001:1010 arg1 temperature 1012:1022 the glass transition temperature 991:1022 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose 991:1045 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 7 2 theme layer 1197:1201 arg1 porosity 1174:1181 The porosity 1170:1181 The porosity of the coated layer 1170:1201 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 7 3 theme cracks 1320:1325 arg1 appearance 1306:1315 the appearance 1302:1315 the appearance of cracks in the film during curing 1302:1351 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 1 4 theme coating 275:281 arg1 performance 240:250 the performance 236:250 the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 236:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 0 5 theme release 100:106 arg1 particles 113:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 6 6 theme glass 995:999 arg1 transition 1001:1010 the glass transition 991:1010 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose 991:1045 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 1 7 with particles 350:358 arg1 rates 412:416 different release rates 394:416 different release rates 394:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 7 8 theme coated 1190:1195 arg1 layer 1197:1201 the coated layer 1186:1201 the coated layer 1186:1201 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 6 9 theme polymer 1069:1075 arg1 polymer 1069:1075 coated polymer 1062:1075 coated polymer 1062:1075 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 6 9 theme polymer 1069:1075 arg1 amount 1052:1057 the amount 1048:1057 the amount of coated polymer 1048:1075 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 6 10 theme coated 1062:1067 arg1 polymer 1069:1075 coated polymer 1062:1075 coated polymer 1062:1075 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 8 11 theme mechanical 1457:1466 arg1 coating 1477:1483 mechanical particle coating 1457:1483 mechanical particle coating 1457:1483 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 1 12 theme different 394:402 arg1 rates 412:416 different release rates 394:416 different release rates 394:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 2 13 dep spheres 524:530 arg1 used 533:536 used 533:536 used as core particles 533:554 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 4 14 theme composite 813:821 arg1 particles 823:831 composite particles 813:831 composite particles 813:831 Finally, the spheres and agglomerates were mechanically mixed at various temperatures using the processor to produce composite particles. 30513400 7 15 theme plastic 1265:1271 arg1 deformation 1273:1283 plastic deformation 1265:1283 plastic deformation 1265:1283 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 1 16 theme release 404:410 arg1 rates 412:416 different release rates 394:416 different release rates 394:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 5 17 theme theophylline 912:923 arg1 spheres 925:931 the theophylline spheres 908:931 the theophylline spheres 908:931 The ethylcellulose agglomerates were pulverized during processing to coat the theophylline spheres effectively. 30513400 3 18 theme ethylcellulose 566:579 arg1 dispersion 589:598 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 566:598 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 566:598 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 6 19 theme layer 1163:1167 arg1 thickening 1138:1147 thickening 1138:1147 thickening of the coated layer 1138:1167 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 8 20 theme controlled-release 1365:1382 arg1 particles 1389:1397 controlled-release fine particles 1365:1397 controlled-release fine particles with various release rates 1365:1424 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 3 21 theme aqueous 581:587 arg1 dispersion 589:598 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 566:598 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 566:598 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 2 22 theme theophylline 426:437 arg1 crystals 439:446 theophylline crystals 426:446 theophylline crystals 426:446 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 0 23 theme particle 11:18 arg1 coating 20:26 Mechanical particle coating 0:26 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle 0:60 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 3 24 theme spray-freeze 616:627 arg1 drying 629:634 spray-freeze drying 616:634 spray-freeze drying 616:634 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 0 25 theme Mechanical 0:9 arg1 coating 20:26 Mechanical particle coating 0:26 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle 0:60 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 3 26 dep agglomerates 657:668 arg1 used 671:674 used 671:674 used as coating powder 671:692 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 2 27 theme powder 484:489 arg1 processor 491:499 a mechanical powder processor 471:499 a mechanical powder processor 471:499 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 0 28 theme temperature 142:152 arg1 effect 124:129 effect 124:129 effect of coating temperature on coating performance 124:175 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 7 29 from film 1334:1337 arg1 appearance 1306:1315 the appearance 1302:1315 the appearance of cracks in the film during curing 1302:1351 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 8 30 theme release 1412:1418 arg1 rates 1420:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 7 31 from cracks 1320:1325 arg1 film 1334:1337 the film 1330:1337 the film during curing 1330:1351 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 1 32 theme coating 213:219 arg1 temperature 221:231 coating temperature 213:231 coating temperature 213:231 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 2 33 theme mechanical 473:482 arg1 processor 491:499 a mechanical powder processor 471:499 a mechanical powder processor 471:499 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 8 34 with particles 1389:1397 arg1 rates 1420:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 0 35 theme coating 134:140 arg1 temperature 142:152 coating temperature 134:152 coating temperature 134:152 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 6 36 theme coating 955:961 arg1 higher 979:984 higher 979:984 higher 979:984 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 6 36 theme coating 955:961 arg1 temperature 963:973 the coating temperature 951:973 the coating temperature 951:973 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 8 37 theme particle 1468:1475 arg1 coating 1477:1483 mechanical particle coating 1457:1483 mechanical particle coating 1457:1483 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 1 38 theme temperature 221:231 arg1 effect 203:208 the effect 199:208 the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 199:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 5 39 theme ethylcellulose 838:851 arg1 agglomerates 853:864 The ethylcellulose agglomerates 834:864 The ethylcellulose agglomerates 834:864 The ethylcellulose agglomerates were pulverized during processing to coat the theophylline spheres effectively. 30513400 6 40 theme ethylcellulose 1032:1045 arg1 Tg 1025:1026 Tg 1025:1026 Tg 1025:1026 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 6 40 theme ethylcellulose 1032:1045 arg1 temperature 1012:1022 the glass transition temperature 991:1022 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose 991:1045 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 0 41 theme coating 157:163 arg1 performance 165:175 coating performance 157:175 coating performance 157:175 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 8 42 theme polymer 1527:1533 arg1 Tg 1517:1518 the Tg 1513:1518 the Tg of the polymer 1513:1533 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 3 43 theme colloidal 647:655 arg1 agglomerates 657:668 colloidal agglomerates 647:668 colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder) 647:693 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 0 44 theme ethylcellulose 34:47 arg1 nanoparticle 49:60 ethylcellulose nanoparticle 34:60 ethylcellulose nanoparticle 34:60 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 7 45 theme coated 1233:1238 arg1 particles 1248:1256 coated polymer particles 1233:1256 coated polymer particles 1233:1256 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 7 46 theme polymer 1240:1246 arg1 particles 1248:1256 coated polymer particles 1233:1256 coated polymer particles 1233:1256 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 2 47 theme theophylline 511:522 arg1 spheres 524:530 theophylline spheres 511:530 theophylline spheres (used as core particles) 511:555 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 1 48 theme controlled-release 331:348 arg1 particles 350:358 controlled-release particles 331:358 controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 331:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 1 48 theme controlled-release 331:348 arg1 than 100 μm 376:386 diameters less than 100 μm 361:386 diameters less than 100 μm 361:386 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 4 49 theme various 761:767 arg1 temperatures 769:780 various temperatures 761:780 various temperatures using the processor to produce composite particles 761:831 Finally, the spheres and agglomerates were mechanically mixed at various temperatures using the processor to produce composite particles. 30513400 8 50 theme higher 1501:1506 arg1 temperatures 1488:1499 temperatures 1488:1499 temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer 1488:1533 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 0 51 from effect 124:129 arg1 performance 165:175 coating performance 157:175 coating performance 157:175 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 6 52 theme plastics 1108:1115 arg1 deformation 1117:1127 plastics deformation 1108:1127 plastics deformation 1108:1127 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 7 53 from appearance 1306:1315 arg1 film 1334:1337 the film 1330:1337 the film during curing 1330:1351 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 3 54 theme coating 679:685 arg1 powder 687:692 coating powder 679:692 coating powder 679:692 Second, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion was powdered by spray-freeze drying to prepare colloidal agglomerates (used as coating powder). 30513400 1 55 from effect 203:208 arg1 performance 240:250 the performance 236:250 the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 236:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 8 56 theme fine 1384:1387 arg1 particles 1389:1397 controlled-release fine particles 1365:1397 controlled-release fine particles with various release rates 1365:1424 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 0 57 theme controlled 89:98 arg1 particles 113:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 controlled release fine particles 89:121 Mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose nanoparticle agglomerates for preparing controlled release fine particles; effect of coating temperature on coating performance. 30513400 8 58 theme various 1404:1410 arg1 rates 1420:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 various release rates 1404:1424 Therefore, controlled-release fine particles with various release rates can be produced effectively by mechanical particle coating at temperatures higher than the Tg of the polymer. 30513400 6 59 theme coated 1156:1161 arg1 layer 1163:1167 the coated layer 1152:1167 the coated layer 1152:1167 When the coating temperature was higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of ethylcellulose, the amount of coated polymer increased significantly due to plastics deformation, causing thickening of the coated layer. 30513400 1 60 theme mechanical 255:264 arg1 coating 275:281 mechanical particle coating 255:281 mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 255:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 2 61 theme core 541:544 arg1 particles 546:554 core particles 541:554 core particles 541:554 First, theophylline crystals were spheronized using a mechanical powder processor, yielding theophylline spheres (used as core particles). 30513400 1 62 theme diameters less 361:374 arg1 particles 350:358 controlled-release particles 331:358 controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 331:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 1 62 theme diameters less 361:374 arg1 than 100 μm 376:386 diameters less than 100 μm 361:386 diameters less than 100 μm 361:386 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 30513400 7 63 theme particles 1248:1256 arg1 coalescence 1218:1228 coalescence 1218:1228 coalescence of coated polymer particles 1218:1256 The porosity of the coated layer decreased upon coalescence of coated polymer particles due to plastic deformation, which prevented the appearance of cracks in the film during curing. 30513400 1 64 theme particle 266:273 arg1 coating 275:281 mechanical particle coating 255:281 mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates 255:416 This study describes the effect of coating temperature on the performance of mechanical particle coating using ethylcellulose, which was done to produce controlled-release particles (diameters less than 100 μm) with different release rates. 31659590 6 0 theme sulfate 899:905 arg1 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 0 theme sulfate 899:905 arg1 electrophoresis 926:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 884:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 884:951 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 2 1 theme HSA 342:344 arg1 variables 387:395 independent variables 375:395 independent variables 375:395 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 2 1 theme HSA 342:344 arg1 levels 332:337 The levels 328:337 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) 328:368 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 3 2 from Y2 468:469 arg1 3 months 450:457 3 months 450:457 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) 450:543 Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. 31659590 6 3 theme optimized 836:844 arg1 formulation 846:856 optimized formulation 836:856 optimized formulation 836:856 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 12 4 theme model 1574:1578 arg1 antibody 1593:1600 a model freeze-dried antibody 1572:1600 a model freeze-dried antibody 1572:1600 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 31659590 4 5 theme beta-sheet 587:596 arg1 conformation 598:609 beta-sheet conformation 587:609 beta-sheet conformation 587:609 Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 31659590 12 6 theme stabilizers 1512:1522 arg1 ratio 1503:1507 the best ratio 1494:1507 the best ratio of stabilizers 1494:1522 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 31659590 1 7 from additives 292:300 arg1 profile 319:325 the stability profile 305:325 the stability profile 305:325 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 12 8 theme IgG 1565:1567 arg1 stabilization 1548:1560 the maximum stabilization 1536:1560 the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody 1536:1600 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 31659590 6 9 theme thermodynamic 809:821 arg1 stability 823:831 thermodynamic stability 809:831 thermodynamic stability 809:831 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 4 10 dep Fourier 680:686 arg1 transform 688:696 transform 688:696 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 688:725 Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 31659590 8 11 theme 86 mg 1140:1144 arg1 trehalose 1146:1154 86 mg trehalose 1140:1154 86 mg trehalose 1140:1154 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 12 theme Y2 1208:1209 arg1 responses 1184:1192 observed responses 1175:1192 observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month 1175:1249 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 13 theme 10 mg 1129:1133 arg1 IgG 1135:1137 10 mg IgG 1129:1137 10 mg IgG 1129:1137 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 5 14 theme Central 728:734 arg1 CCD 754:756 CCD 754:756 CCD 754:756 Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. 31659590 5 14 theme Central 728:734 arg1 design 746:751 Central composite design 728:751 Central composite design (CCD) 728:757 Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. 31659590 12 15 theme freeze-dried 1580:1591 arg1 antibody 1593:1600 a model freeze-dried antibody 1572:1600 a model freeze-dried antibody 1572:1600 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 31659590 2 16 theme trehalose 355:363 arg1 variables 387:395 independent variables 375:395 independent variables 375:395 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 2 16 theme trehalose 355:363 arg1 levels 332:337 The levels 328:337 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) 328:368 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 0 17 theme Serum 6:10 arg1 Albumin 12:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 0 17 theme Serum 6:10 arg1 Candidate 32:40 a Suitable Candidate 21:40 a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose 21:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 8 18 contain had 1125:1127 arg2 trehalose 1146:1154 86 mg trehalose 1140:1154 86 mg trehalose 1140:1154 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 18 contain had 1125:1127 arg2 IgG 1135:1137 10 mg IgG 1129:1137 10 mg IgG 1129:1137 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 18 contain had 1125:1127 arg2 HSA 1166:1168 1 mg HSA 1161:1168 1 mg HSA 1161:1168 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 18 contain had 1125:1127 arg1 formulation 1113:1123 The optimized formulation 1099:1123 The optimized formulation 1099:1123 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 4 19 dep transform 688:696 arg1 infrared 698:705 infrared 698:705 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 688:725 Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 31659590 0 20 theme Human 0:4 arg1 Albumin 12:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 0 20 theme Human 0:4 arg1 Candidate 32:40 a Suitable Candidate 21:40 a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose 21:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 6 21 theme gel 922:924 arg1 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 21 theme gel 922:924 arg1 electrophoresis 926:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 884:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 884:951 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 5 22 theme composite 736:744 arg1 CCD 754:756 CCD 754:756 CCD 754:756 Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. 31659590 5 22 theme composite 736:744 arg1 design 746:751 Central composite design 728:751 Central composite design (CCD) 728:757 Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. 31659590 6 23 theme polyacrylamide 907:920 arg1 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 23 theme polyacrylamide 907:920 arg1 electrophoresis 926:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 884:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 884:951 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 0 24 theme Composite 111:119 arg1 Design 121:126 Central Composite Design 103:126 Central Composite Design 103:126 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 0 25 with Combination 75:85 arg1 Trehalose 92:100 Trehalose 92:100 Trehalose 92:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 2 26 theme independent 375:385 arg1 variables 387:395 independent variables 375:395 independent variables 375:395 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 2 26 theme independent 375:385 arg1 levels 332:337 The levels 328:337 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) 328:368 The levels of HSA (X1) and trehalose (X2) were independent variables. 31659590 1 27 theme synergism 274:282 arg1 existence 261:269 the existence 257:269 the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile 257:325 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 0 28 theme Central 103:109 arg1 Design 121:126 Central Composite Design 103:126 Central Composite Design 103:126 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 8 29 theme Y1 1197:1198 arg1 responses 1184:1192 observed responses 1175:1192 observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month 1175:1249 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 1 30 theme human 193:197 arg1 HSA 214:216 HSA 214:216 HSA 214:216 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 1 30 theme human 193:197 arg1 albumin 205:211 human serum albumin 193:211 human serum albumin (HSA) 193:217 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 0 31 theme Suitable 23:30 arg1 Albumin 12:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 0 31 theme Suitable 23:30 arg1 Candidate 32:40 a Suitable Candidate 21:40 a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose 21:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 6 32 theme dodecyl 891:897 arg1 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 32 theme dodecyl 891:897 arg1 electrophoresis 926:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 884:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 884:951 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 8 33 theme observed 1175:1182 arg1 responses 1184:1192 observed responses 1175:1192 observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month 1175:1249 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 1 34 theme serum 199:203 arg1 HSA 214:216 HSA 214:216 HSA 214:216 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 1 34 theme serum 199:203 arg1 albumin 205:211 human serum albumin 193:211 human serum albumin (HSA) 193:217 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 6 35 theme sodium 884:889 arg1 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 SDS-PAGE 943:950 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 35 theme sodium 884:889 arg1 electrophoresis 926:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 884:940 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) 884:951 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 7 36 theme calculated 1002:1011 arg1 Y1 1028:1029 Y1 1028:1029 Y1 1028:1029 The calculated responses were Y1, 0-0.90%; Y2, 0.4-4.3%; Y3, 2.10-13.46%; and Y4, 0.16-0.69 1/month. 31659590 7 36 theme calculated 1002:1011 arg1 responses 1013:1021 The calculated responses 998:1021 The calculated responses 998:1021 The calculated responses were Y1, 0-0.90%; Y2, 0.4-4.3%; Y3, 2.10-13.46%; and Y4, 0.16-0.69 1/month. 31659590 3 37 theme aggregation 528:538 arg1 constant 516:523 the rate constant 507:523 the rate constant of aggregation 507:538 Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. 31659590 0 38 dep Candidate 32:40 arg1 Stabilize 45:53 Stabilize 45:53 to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose 42:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 8 39 theme optimized 1103:1111 arg1 formulation 1113:1123 The optimized formulation 1099:1123 The optimized formulation 1099:1123 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 10 40 theme optimized 1299:1307 arg1 amorphous 1325:1333 amorphous 1325:1333 amorphous 1325:1333 The optimized formulation was amorphous during freeze-drying (FD), and no fragmentation was observed. 31659590 10 40 theme optimized 1299:1307 arg1 formulation 1309:1319 The optimized formulation 1295:1319 The optimized formulation 1295:1319 The optimized formulation was amorphous during freeze-drying (FD), and no fragmentation was observed. 31659590 8 41 theme Y4 1234:1235 arg1 responses 1184:1192 observed responses 1175:1192 observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month 1175:1249 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 8 42 theme 1 mg 1161:1164 arg1 HSA 1166:1168 1 mg HSA 1161:1168 1 mg HSA 1161:1168 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 1 43 theme stability 309:317 arg1 profile 319:325 the stability profile 305:325 the stability profile 305:325 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 8 44 theme Y3 1219:1220 arg1 responses 1184:1192 observed responses 1175:1192 observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month 1175:1249 The optimized formulation had 10 mg IgG, 86 mg trehalose, and 1 mg HSA with observed responses of Y1, 0.01%; Y2, 0.51%; Y3, 3.08%; and Y4, 0.33 1/month. 31659590 4 45 theme size-exclusion 635:648 arg1 SEC-HPLC 666:673 SEC-HPLC 666:673 SEC-HPLC 666:673 Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 31659590 4 45 theme size-exclusion 635:648 arg1 chromatography 650:663 size-exclusion chromatography 635:663 size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) 635:674 Aggregation and beta-sheet conformation were quantified through size-exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 31659590 3 46 from Y3 477:478 arg1 3 months 450:457 3 months 450:457 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) 450:543 Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. 31659590 6 47 dep integrity 795:803 arg1 The 791:793 The 791:793 The 791:793 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 11 48 theme statistical 1428:1438 arg1 synergism 1440:1448 statistical synergism 1428:1448 statistical synergism 1428:1448 Trehalose and HSA demonstrated statistical synergism. 31659590 0 49 dep Design 121:126 arg1 Albumin 12:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin 0:18 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 0 49 dep Design 121:126 arg1 Candidate 32:40 a Suitable Candidate 21:40 a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose 21:100 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 12 50 theme maximum 1540:1546 arg1 stabilization 1548:1560 the maximum stabilization 1536:1560 the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody 1536:1600 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 31659590 6 51 theme scanning 970:977 arg1 DSC 992:994 DSC 992:994 DSC 992:994 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 51 theme scanning 970:977 arg1 calorimetry 979:989 differential scanning calorimetry 957:989 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 957:995 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 0 52 theme Freeze-Dried 55:66 arg1 IgG 68:70 Freeze-Dried IgG 55:70 Freeze-Dried IgG 55:70 Human Serum Albumin, a Suitable Candidate to Stabilize Freeze-Dried IgG in Combination with Trehalose: Central Composite Design. 31659590 3 53 theme dependent 550:558 arg1 variables 560:568 dependent variables 550:568 dependent variables 550:568 Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. 31659590 1 54 theme Freeze-dried 129:140 arg1 IgG 160:162 IgG 160:162 IgG 160:162 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 1 54 theme Freeze-dried 129:140 arg1 G 157:157 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G 129:157 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) 129:217 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 5 55 theme best 773:776 arg1 formulation 778:788 the best formulation 769:788 the best formulation 769:788 Central composite design (CCD) suggested the best formulation. 31659590 6 56 theme differential 957:968 arg1 DSC 992:994 DSC 992:994 DSC 992:994 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 56 theme differential 957:968 arg1 calorimetry 979:989 differential scanning calorimetry 957:989 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 957:995 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 57 theme formulation 846:856 arg1 integrity 795:803 integrity 795:803 integrity 795:803 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 6 57 theme formulation 846:856 arg1 stability 823:831 thermodynamic stability 809:831 thermodynamic stability 809:831 The integrity and thermodynamic stability of optimized formulation were investigated through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 31659590 3 58 theme rate 511:514 arg1 constant 516:523 the rate constant 507:523 the rate constant of aggregation 507:538 Aggregation following the process (Y1), after 2 and 3 months at 40°C (Y2) and (Y3), respectively, along with the rate constant of aggregation (Y4) were dependent variables. 31659590 1 59 theme immunoglobulin 142:155 arg1 IgG 160:162 IgG 160:162 IgG 160:162 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 1 59 theme immunoglobulin 142:155 arg1 G 157:157 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G 129:157 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) 129:217 Freeze-dried immunoglobulin G (IgG) incorporating trehalose and human serum albumin (HSA) was statistically evaluated regarding the existence of synergism between additives on the stability profile. 31659590 12 60 theme best 1498:1501 arg1 ratio 1503:1507 the best ratio 1494:1507 the best ratio of stabilizers 1494:1522 CCD was successfully employed to recommend the best ratio of stabilizers and achieve the maximum stabilization of IgG as a model freeze-dried antibody. 30173257 4 0 theme tissue 960:965 arg1 engineering 967:977 tissue engineering 960:977 tissue engineering 960:977 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 5 1 theme scanning 1125:1132 arg1 SEM 1155:1157 SEM 1155:1157 SEM 1155:1157 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 1 theme scanning 1125:1132 arg1 microscopy 1143:1152 scanning electron microscopy 1125:1152 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1125:1158 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 2 theme Gram-negative 1221:1233 arg1 staining 1235:1242 Gram-negative staining 1221:1242 Gram-negative staining 1221:1242 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 2 theme Gram-negative 1221:1233 arg1 aeruginosa 1209:1218 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1197:1218 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining) 1197:1243 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 3 theme IR 1104:1105 arg1 spectroscopy 1108:1119 infrared (IR) spectroscopy 1094:1119 infrared (IR) spectroscopy 1094:1119 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 1 4 theme antimicrobial 164:176 arg1 activity 193:200 the antimicrobial and antifungal activity 160:200 activity 193:200 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 2 5 theme wound 478:482 arg1 dressing 484:491 multifunctional wound dressing 462:491 multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles 462:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 1 6 theme natural 319:325 arg1 acid 351:354 usnic acid 345:354 usnic acid (UA) 345:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 6 theme natural 319:325 arg1 compounds 327:335 natural compounds 319:335 metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA) 241:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 3 7 theme fibers 649:654 arg1 possibility 624:634 the possibility 620:634 the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology 620:681 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 1 8 theme oxide 265:269 arg1 nanoparticles 290:302 metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles 241:302 nanoparticles 290:302 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 8 theme oxide 265:269 arg1 oxide 277:281 zinc oxide 272:281 zinc oxide 272:281 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 2 9 theme multifunctional 462:476 arg1 dressing 484:491 multifunctional wound dressing 462:491 multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles 462:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 3 10 theme high 699:702 arg1 surface 713:719 high specific surface and water and air penetration 699:749 surface 713:719 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 5 11 theme Candida 1297:1303 arg1 albicans 1305:1312 Candida albicans 1297:1312 Candida albicans (fungus) 1297:1321 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 11 theme Candida 1297:1303 arg1 fungus 1315:1320 fungus 1315:1320 fungus 1315:1320 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 12 theme common 1179:1184 arg1 pathogens 1186:1194 common pathogens 1179:1194 common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus) 1179:1321 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 healing 1020:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 release 991:997 controlled release 980:997 controlled release 980:997 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 range 918:922 a wide range 911:922 a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more 911:1036 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 13 theme applications 938:949 arg1 engineering 967:977 tissue engineering 960:977 tissue engineering 960:977 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 3 14 theme specific 704:711 arg1 surface 713:719 high specific surface and water and air penetration 699:749 surface 713:719 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 2 15 theme two-dimensional 366:380 arg1 sheets 387:392 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets 362:392 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets 362:392 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 5 16 theme composite 1052:1060 arg1 materials 1062:1070 The obtained composite materials 1039:1070 The obtained composite materials 1039:1070 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 0 17 theme prolonged 59:67 arg1 activity 83:90 prolonged antimicrobial activity 59:90 prolonged antimicrobial activity 59:90 Manufacturing nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets with prolonged antimicrobial activity. 30173257 1 18 theme antifungal 182:191 arg1 activity 193:200 the antimicrobial and antifungal activity 160:200 activity 193:200 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 0 19 theme nanostructured 14:27 arg1 sheets 47:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 Manufacturing nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets with prolonged antimicrobial activity. 30173257 1 20 theme usnic 345:349 arg1 UA 357:358 UA 357:358 UA 357:358 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 20 theme usnic 345:349 arg1 acid 351:354 usnic acid 345:354 usnic acid (UA) 345:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 3 21 with fibers 649:654 arg1 morphology 672:681 controlled morphology 661:681 controlled morphology 661:681 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 3 22 theme controlled 661:670 arg1 morphology 672:681 controlled morphology 661:681 controlled morphology 661:681 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 1 23 theme zinc 272:275 arg1 nanoparticles 290:302 metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles 241:302 nanoparticles 290:302 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 23 theme zinc 272:275 arg1 oxide 277:281 zinc oxide 272:281 zinc oxide 272:281 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 5 24 theme Gram-positive 1269:1281 arg1 aureus 1261:1266 Staphylococcus aureus 1246:1266 Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) 1246:1291 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 24 theme Gram-positive 1269:1281 arg1 staining 1283:1290 Gram-positive staining 1269:1290 Gram-positive staining 1269:1290 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 0 25 theme 2D 44:45 arg1 sheets 47:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 Manufacturing nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets with prolonged antimicrobial activity. 30173257 1 26 theme study 113:117 arg1 purpose 97:103 The purpose 93:103 The purpose of this study 93:117 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 27 theme chitosan-based 205:218 arg1 hydrogels 220:228 chitosan-based hydrogels 205:228 chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA) 205:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 0 28 theme chitosan-based 29:42 arg1 sheets 47:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets 14:52 Manufacturing nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets with prolonged antimicrobial activity. 30173257 2 29 theme regenerative 498:509 arg1 roles 535:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 1 30 theme hydrogels 220:228 arg1 activity 193:200 the antimicrobial and antifungal activity 160:200 activity 193:200 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 healing 1020:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 release 991:997 controlled release 980:997 controlled release 980:997 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 range 918:922 a wide range 911:922 a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more 911:1036 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 31 theme wide 913:916 arg1 engineering 967:977 tissue engineering 960:977 tissue engineering 960:977 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 3 32 theme important 551:559 arg1 advantages 561:570 The most important advantages 542:570 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique 542:603 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 3 32 theme important 551:559 arg1 related 609:615 related 609:615 related 609:615 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 4 33 theme controlled 980:989 arg1 release 991:997 controlled release 980:997 controlled release 980:997 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 5 34 theme obtained 1043:1050 arg1 materials 1062:1070 The obtained composite materials 1039:1070 The obtained composite materials 1039:1070 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 4 35 theme wound 1014:1018 arg1 healing 1020:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 healing 1020:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 wound healing 1014:1026 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 release 991:997 controlled release 980:997 controlled release 980:997 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 more 1033:1036 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 implantology 1000:1011 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 engineering 967:977 tissue engineering 960:977 tissue engineering 960:977 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 4 36 theme biomedical 927:936 arg1 applications 938:949 biomedical applications 927:949 biomedical applications 927:949 These advantages make it possible to use electrospinning for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, controlled release, implantology, wound healing, and more. 30173257 0 37 theme antimicrobial 69:81 arg1 activity 83:90 prolonged antimicrobial activity 59:90 prolonged antimicrobial activity 59:90 Manufacturing nanostructured chitosan-based 2D sheets with prolonged antimicrobial activity. 30173257 1 38 dep silver 248:253 arg1 Ag 257:258 Ag 257:258 Ag 257:258 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 39 dep oxide 277:281 arg1 ZnO 285:287 ZnO 285:287 ZnO 285:287 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 3 40 theme air 735:737 arg1 penetration 739:749 high specific surface and water and air penetration 699:749 penetration 739:749 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 3 41 theme obtaining 639:647 arg1 fibers 649:654 obtaining fibers 639:654 obtaining fibers with controlled morphology 639:681 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 2 42 dep two-dimensional 366:380 arg1 2D 383:384 2D 383:384 2D 383:384 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 albicans 1305:1312 Candida albicans 1297:1312 Candida albicans (fungus) 1297:1321 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 fungus 1315:1320 fungus 1315:1320 fungus 1315:1320 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 staining 1235:1242 Gram-negative staining 1221:1242 Gram-negative staining 1221:1242 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 staining 1283:1290 Gram-positive staining 1269:1290 Gram-positive staining 1269:1290 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 aeruginosa 1209:1218 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1197:1218 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining) 1197:1243 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 43 dep pathogens 1186:1194 arg1 aureus 1261:1266 Staphylococcus aureus 1246:1266 Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) 1246:1291 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 3 44 theme desired 829:835 arg1 application 837:847 the desired application 825:847 the desired application 825:847 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 5 45 theme electron 1134:1141 arg1 SEM 1155:1157 SEM 1155:1157 SEM 1155:1157 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 5 45 theme electron 1134:1141 arg1 microscopy 1143:1152 scanning electron microscopy 1125:1152 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 1125:1158 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 30173257 2 46 theme anti-infective 520:533 arg1 roles 535:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 metal 241:245 metal 241:245 metal 241:245 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 acid 351:354 usnic acid 345:354 usnic acid (UA) 345:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 nanoparticles 290:302 metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles 241:302 nanoparticles 290:302 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 NPs 305:307 NPs 305:307 NPs 305:307 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg1 hydrogels 220:228 chitosan-based hydrogels 205:228 chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA) 205:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 compounds 327:335 natural compounds 319:335 metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA) 241:359 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 silver 248:253 silver 248:253 silver 248:253 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 1 47 contain containing 230:239 arg2 oxide 277:281 zinc oxide 272:281 zinc oxide 272:281 The purpose of this study was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based hydrogels containing metal (silver - Ag) and oxide (zinc oxide - ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) but also natural compounds such as usnic acid (UA). 30173257 3 48 theme electrospinning 579:593 arg1 technique 595:603 the electrospinning technique 575:603 the electrospinning technique 575:603 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 2 49 with dressing 484:491 arg1 roles 535:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 2 50 theme even 515:518 arg1 roles 535:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 regenerative and even anti-infective roles 498:539 The two-dimensional (2D) sheets were obtained by electrospinning technique, with the aim to produce multifunctional wound dressing with regenerative and even anti-infective roles. 30173257 3 51 theme technique 595:603 arg1 advantages 561:570 The most important advantages 542:570 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique 542:603 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 3 51 theme technique 595:603 arg1 related 609:615 related 609:615 related 609:615 The most important advantages of the electrospinning technique are related to the possibility of obtaining fibers with controlled morphology, usually having high specific surface and water and air penetration and the possibility of functionalizing these fibers and nets depending on the desired application. 30173257 5 52 theme infrared 1094:1101 arg1 spectroscopy 1108:1119 infrared (IR) spectroscopy 1094:1119 infrared (IR) spectroscopy 1094:1119 The obtained composite materials were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tested against common pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative staining), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive staining) and Candida albicans (fungus). 29486407 0 0 theme anaerobic 95:103 arg1 bioreactor 120:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor 77:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater 77:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 1 theme upflow 88:93 arg1 bioreactor 120:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor 77:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater 77:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 2 theme blanket 112:118 arg1 bioreactor 120:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor 77:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater 77:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 5 3 theme mean 1039:1042 arg1 errors 1052:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 4 theme BPANN 1143:1147 arg1 model 1149:1153 the BPANN model 1139:1153 the BPANN model 1139:1153 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 0 5 theme sludge 105:110 arg1 bioreactor 120:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor 77:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater 77:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 6 theme industrial 384:393 arg1 wastewater 413:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 4 7 theme Levenberg-Marquardt 908:926 arg1 trainlm 939:945 trainlm 939:945 trainlm 939:945 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 7 theme Levenberg-Marquardt 908:926 arg1 algorithm 928:936 Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm 908:936 Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) 908:946 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 5 8 with performance 1180:1190 arg1 R2 1197:1198 R2 1197:1198 R2 reaching 87% 1197:1211 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 0 9 dep bioreactor 120:129 arg1 treating 131:138 treating 131:138 treating industrial starch processing wastewater 131:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 10 theme starch 395:400 arg1 wastewater 413:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 4 11 theme BPANN 871:875 arg1 architecture 877:888 optimum BPANN architecture 863:888 optimum BPANN architecture 863:888 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 2 12 theme operation 444:452 arg1 end 432:434 the end 428:434 the end of UASB operation 428:452 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 4 13 theme tangent 709:715 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 13 theme tangent 709:715 arg1 tansig 735:740 tansig 735:740 tansig 735:740 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 13 theme tangent 709:715 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 13 theme tangent 709:715 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 2 14 theme satisfactory 501:512 arg1 composition 514:524 satisfactory composition 501:524 satisfactory composition of microbes 501:536 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 1 15 theme processing 402:411 arg1 wastewater 413:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 2 16 theme microbes 529:536 arg1 composition 514:524 satisfactory composition 501:524 satisfactory composition of microbes 501:536 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 4 17 theme activation 790:799 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 17 theme activation 790:799 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 17 theme activation 790:799 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 1 18 theme three-layered 192:204 arg1 model 268:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 19 theme neural 12:17 arg1 model 27:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 6 20 theme anaerobic 1270:1278 arg1 process 1290:1296 an anaerobic digestion process 1267:1296 an anaerobic digestion process 1267:1296 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 1 21 dep reactor 367:373 arg1 treating 375:382 treating 375:382 treating 375:382 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 21 dep reactor 367:373 arg1 wastewater 413:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 industrial starch processing wastewater 384:422 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 22 theme feedforward-backpropagation 206:232 arg1 model 268:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 23 theme Feedforward 0:10 arg1 model 27:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 24 theme COD 313:315 arg1 removal 317:323 COD removal 313:323 COD removal 313:323 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 5 25 theme significant 1168:1178 arg1 performance 1180:1190 significant performance 1168:1190 significant performance with R2 reaching 87% 1168:1211 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 6 26 theme process 1290:1296 arg1 optimization 1251:1262 optimization 1251:1262 optimization 1251:1262 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 6 26 theme process 1290:1296 arg1 control 1239:1245 control 1239:1245 control 1239:1245 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 1 27 theme artificial 234:243 arg1 network 252:258 artificial neural network 234:258 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 27 theme artificial 234:243 arg1 BPANN 261:265 BPANN 261:265 BPANN 261:265 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 2 28 theme community 465:473 arg1 characterization 475:490 microbial community characterization 455:490 microbial community characterization 455:490 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 0 29 theme starch 151:156 arg1 wastewater 169:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 5 30 theme performance 1007:1017 arg1 indicators 1019:1028 performance indicators 1007:1028 performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2) 1007:1136 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 1 31 theme neural 245:250 arg1 network 252:258 artificial neural network 234:258 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 31 theme neural 245:250 arg1 BPANN 261:265 BPANN 261:265 BPANN 261:265 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 32 theme network 19:25 arg1 model 27:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model 0:31 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 33 theme industrial 140:149 arg1 wastewater 169:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 34 theme network 252:258 arg1 model 268:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model 192:272 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 35 theme pollutant 44:52 arg1 process 62:68 pollutant removal process 44:68 pollutant removal process 44:68 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 36 theme upflow 328:333 arg1 reactor 367:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 3 37 theme input 685:689 arg1 pH 586:587 pH 586:587 pH 586:587 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 3 37 theme input 685:689 arg1 variables 691:699 input variables 685:699 input variables 685:699 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 2 38 theme UASB 439:442 arg1 operation 444:452 UASB operation 439:452 UASB operation 439:452 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 6 39 theme digestion 1280:1288 arg1 process 1290:1296 an anaerobic digestion process 1267:1296 an anaerobic digestion process 1267:1296 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 1 40 theme anaerobic 335:343 arg1 reactor 367:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 0 41 theme processing 158:167 arg1 wastewater 169:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 industrial starch processing wastewater 140:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 5 42 theme determination 1119:1131 arg1 index 1081:1085 index 1081:1085 index of agreement 1081:1098 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 42 theme determination 1119:1131 arg1 errors 1052:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 42 theme determination 1119:1131 arg1 variance 1071:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 42 theme determination 1119:1131 arg1 coefficient 1104:1114 coefficient 1104:1114 coefficient of determination (R2) 1104:1136 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 43 theme fractional 1060:1069 arg1 variance 1071:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 1 44 theme sludge 345:350 arg1 reactor 367:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 3 45 theme biogas 614:619 arg1 yield 621:625 biogas yield 614:625 biogas yield 614:625 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 0 46 theme removal 54:60 arg1 process 62:68 pollutant removal process 44:68 pollutant removal process 44:68 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 1 47 theme blanket 352:358 arg1 reactor 367:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 4 48 theme training 961:968 arg1 algorithms 970:979 eleven training algorithms 954:979 eleven training algorithms 954:979 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 49 theme optimum 863:869 arg1 architecture 877:888 optimum BPANN architecture 863:888 optimum BPANN architecture 863:888 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 6 50 theme BPANN 1303:1307 arg1 model 1309:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 3 51 theme principal 644:652 arg1 analysis 664:671 principal component analysis 644:671 principal component analysis 644:671 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 3 52 theme component 654:662 arg1 analysis 664:671 principal component analysis 644:671 principal component analysis 644:671 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 3 53 used used 677:680 arg2 pH 586:587 pH 586:587 pH 586:587 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 3 53 used used 677:680 arg2 variables 691:699 input variables 685:699 input variables 685:699 pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. 29486407 4 54 from output-layer 835:846 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 54 from output-layer 835:846 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 54 from output-layer 835:846 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 5 55 theme agreement 1090:1098 arg1 index 1081:1085 index 1081:1085 index of agreement 1081:1098 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 55 theme agreement 1090:1098 arg1 errors 1052:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 55 theme agreement 1090:1098 arg1 variance 1071:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 fractional variance 1060:1078 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 5 55 theme agreement 1090:1098 arg1 coefficient 1104:1114 coefficient 1104:1114 coefficient of determination (R2) 1104:1136 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 2 56 theme rod-shaped 566:575 arg1 archaea 577:583 rod-shaped archaea 566:583 rod-shaped archaea 566:583 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 4 57 theme linear 747:752 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 57 theme linear 747:752 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 57 theme linear 747:752 arg1 purelin 764:770 purelin 764:770 purelin 764:770 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 57 theme linear 747:752 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 6 58 with control 1239:1245 arg1 model 1309:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29486407 0 59 theme mesophilic 77:86 arg1 bioreactor 120:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor 77:129 mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater 77:178 Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 5 60 theme squared 1044:1050 arg1 errors 1052:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 the mean squared errors 1035:1057 Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. 29486407 4 61 from hidden-layer 818:829 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 61 from hidden-layer 818:829 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 61 from hidden-layer 818:829 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 62 dep hidden-layer 818:829 arg1 the 814:816 the 814:816 the 814:816 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 1 63 theme UASB 361:364 arg1 reactor 367:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor 325:373 In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. 29486407 2 64 theme microbial 455:463 arg1 characterization 475:490 microbial community characterization 455:490 microbial community characterization 455:490 At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. 29486407 4 65 theme sigmoid 717:723 arg1 function 754:761 linear function 747:761 linear function (purelin) 747:771 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 65 theme sigmoid 717:723 arg1 tansig 735:740 tansig 735:740 tansig 735:740 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 65 theme sigmoid 717:723 arg1 function 725:732 tangent sigmoid function 709:732 tangent sigmoid function (tansig) 709:741 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 4 65 theme sigmoid 717:723 arg1 functions 801:809 activation functions 790:809 activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively 790:860 Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. 29486407 6 66 with optimization 1251:1262 arg1 model 1309:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 BPANN model 1303:1313 The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible. 29752097 0 0 theme Injectable 78:87 arg1 scaffolds 105:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 3 1 theme present 304:310 arg1 study 312:316 the present study 300:316 the present study 300:316 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 2 theme injectable 496:505 arg1 scaffold 507:514 an optimal injectable scaffold 485:514 an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering 485:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 3 from applications 538:549 arg1 engineering 561:571 tissue engineering 554:571 tissue engineering 554:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 4 theme time 1424:1427 arg1 properties 1445:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties 1399:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels 1399:1487 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 5 from effect 18:23 arg1 hydrogels 67:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 1 6 theme great 157:161 arg1 potential 163:171 great potential 157:171 great potential 157:171 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 7 theme self-crosslinking 332:348 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels 332:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation 332:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 8 theme based 375:379 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels 332:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation 332:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 1 9 dep in 127:128 arg1 situ 130:133 situ 130:133 situ 130:133 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 10 theme hydrogels 381:389 arg1 types 323:327 two types 319:327 two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation 319:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 11 theme in 89:90 arg1 scaffolds 105:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 8 12 theme mesenchymal 1330:1340 arg1 cells 1347:1351 mesenchymal stem cells 1330:1351 mesenchymal stem cells 1330:1351 The hydrogels, despite the composition, showed the ability to survive and proliferate mesenchymal stem cells based on cytotoxicity assays. 29752097 7 13 theme rheological 1132:1142 arg1 behavior 1144:1151 the rheological behavior 1128:1151 the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1128:1174 Due to the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel, this composition was more suitable for the injectable application. 29752097 3 14 theme tissue 554:559 arg1 engineering 561:571 tissue engineering 554:571 tissue engineering 554:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 6 15 theme AD/PEG-CMC 963:972 arg1 hydrogel 974:981 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 963:981 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 963:981 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 1 16 contain has 153:155 arg1 hydrogels 143:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 1 16 contain has 153:155 arg2 potential 163:171 great potential 157:171 great potential 157:171 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 7 17 theme AD/PEG-CMC 1156:1165 arg1 hydrogel 1167:1174 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1156:1174 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1156:1174 Due to the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel, this composition was more suitable for the injectable application. 29752097 6 18 theme injection 1034:1042 arg1 time 1044:1047 injection time 1034:1047 injection time 1034:1047 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 3 19 theme invasive 529:536 arg1 applications 538:549 minimally invasive applications 519:549 minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering 519:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 20 theme compressive 1433:1443 arg1 properties 1445:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties 1399:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels 1399:1487 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 21 theme forming 97:103 arg1 scaffolds 105:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Injectable in situ forming scaffolds 78:113 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 5 22 theme cell 874:877 arg1 viability 879:887 cell viability 874:887 cell viability 874:887 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 3 23 theme different 396:404 arg1 formulation 406:416 different formulation 396:416 different formulation 396:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 24 dep in 89:90 arg1 situ 92:95 situ 92:95 situ 92:95 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 4 25 theme polyethylene 636:647 arg1 glycol 649:654 polyethylene glycol 636:654 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 636:660 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 29752097 4 25 theme polyethylene 636:647 arg1 PEG 657:659 PEG 657:659 PEG 657:659 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 29752097 3 26 theme alginate 366:373 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels 332:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation 332:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 8 27 theme cytotoxicity 1362:1373 arg1 assays 1375:1380 cytotoxicity assays 1362:1380 cytotoxicity assays 1362:1380 The hydrogels, despite the composition, showed the ability to survive and proliferate mesenchymal stem cells based on cytotoxicity assays. 29752097 7 28 theme hydrogel 1167:1174 arg1 behavior 1144:1151 the rheological behavior 1128:1151 the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1128:1174 Due to the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel, this composition was more suitable for the injectable application. 29752097 1 29 theme tissue 176:181 arg1 engineering 183:193 tissue engineering 176:193 tissue engineering 176:193 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 30 theme Self-crosslinking 0:16 arg1 effect 18:23 Self-crosslinking effect 0:23 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels 0:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 3 31 with hydrogels 381:389 arg1 formulation 406:416 different formulation 396:416 different formulation 396:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 32 theme tissue 1606:1611 arg1 engineering 1613:1623 tissue engineering 1606:1623 tissue engineering 1606:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 33 theme injectable 1562:1571 arg1 application 1591:1601 injectable self-crosslinking application 1562:1601 injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering 1562:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 34 theme chitosan 28:35 arg1 effect 18:23 Self-crosslinking effect 0:23 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels 0:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 2 35 with preparation 212:222 arg1 stability 265:273 stability 265:273 stability 265:273 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 35 with preparation 212:222 arg1 toxicity 252:259 low toxicity 248:259 low toxicity 248:259 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 6 36 with comparison 926:935 arg1 hydrogel 953:960 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 942:960 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 942:960 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 9 37 theme hydrogels 1479:1487 arg1 properties 1445:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties 1399:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels 1399:1487 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 38 theme forming 358:364 arg1 hydrogels 381:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels 332:389 self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation 332:416 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 6 39 theme AD/PEG-GEL 942:951 arg1 hydrogel 953:960 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 942:960 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 942:960 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 9 40 theme self-crosslinking 1573:1589 arg1 application 1591:1601 injectable self-crosslinking application 1562:1601 injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering 1562:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 4 41 theme carboxymethyl 666:678 arg1 CMC 690:692 CMC 690:692 CMC 690:692 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 29752097 4 41 theme carboxymethyl 666:678 arg1 chitosan 680:687 carboxymethyl chitosan 666:687 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) 666:693 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 29752097 9 42 dep time 1424:1427 arg1 degradation 1412:1422 degradation 1412:1422 degradation 1412:1422 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 5 43 theme rheological 849:859 arg1 analysis 861:868 rheological analysis 849:868 rheological analysis 849:868 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 0 44 theme gelatin 41:47 arg1 effect 18:23 Self-crosslinking effect 0:23 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels 0:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 3 45 theme optimal 488:494 arg1 scaffold 507:514 an optimal injectable scaffold 485:514 an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering 485:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 2 46 theme hydrogels 233:241 arg1 preparation 212:222 Simple and easy preparation 196:222 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability 196:273 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 46 theme hydrogels 233:241 arg1 advantage 286:294 a great advantage 278:294 a great advantage 278:294 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 9 47 theme appropriate 1536:1546 arg1 hydrogel 1501:1508 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1490:1508 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1490:1508 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 47 theme appropriate 1536:1546 arg1 candidate 1548:1556 an appropriate candidate 1533:1556 an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering 1533:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 0 48 dep scaffolds 105:113 arg1 effect 18:23 Self-crosslinking effect 0:23 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels 0:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 5 49 theme compressive 812:822 arg1 analysis 824:831 compressive analysis 812:831 compressive analysis 812:831 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 0 50 theme alginate 52:59 arg1 hydrogels 67:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 8 51 theme stem 1342:1345 arg1 cells 1347:1351 mesenchymal stem cells 1330:1351 mesenchymal stem cells 1330:1351 The hydrogels, despite the composition, showed the ability to survive and proliferate mesenchymal stem cells based on cytotoxicity assays. 29752097 7 52 theme injectable 1220:1229 arg1 application 1231:1241 the injectable application 1216:1241 the injectable application 1216:1241 Due to the rheological behavior of AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel, this composition was more suitable for the injectable application. 29752097 2 53 theme easy 207:210 arg1 preparation 212:222 Simple and easy preparation 196:222 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability 196:273 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 53 theme easy 207:210 arg1 advantage 286:294 a great advantage 278:294 a great advantage 278:294 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 9 54 dep properties 1445:1454 arg1 respect 1388:1394 respect 1388:1394 respect 1388:1394 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 55 from application 1591:1601 arg1 engineering 1613:1623 tissue engineering 1606:1623 tissue engineering 1606:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 1 56 theme Injectable 116:125 arg1 hydrogels 143:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 57 dep self-crosslinking 332:348 arg1 in 350:351 in 350:351 in 350:351 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 58 from scaffold 507:514 arg1 applications 538:549 minimally invasive applications 519:549 minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering 519:571 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 1 59 theme in 127:128 arg1 hydrogels 143:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 3 60 dep in 350:351 arg1 situ 353:356 situ 353:356 situ 353:356 In the present study, two types of self-crosslinking in situ forming alginate based hydrogels with different formulation were synthesized, characterized and compared in order to introduce an optimal injectable scaffold in minimally invasive applications in tissue engineering. 29752097 2 61 theme Simple 196:201 arg1 preparation 212:222 Simple and easy preparation 196:222 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability 196:273 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 61 theme Simple 196:201 arg1 advantage 286:294 a great advantage 278:294 a great advantage 278:294 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 62 theme great 280:284 arg1 preparation 212:222 Simple and easy preparation 196:222 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability 196:273 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 2 62 theme great 280:284 arg1 advantage 286:294 a great advantage 278:294 a great advantage 278:294 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 5 63 theme hydrogel 902:909 arg1 properties 911:920 hydrogel properties 902:920 hydrogel properties 902:920 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 6 64 theme crosslinking 1107:1118 arg1 degree 1097:1102 a higher degree 1088:1102 a higher degree of crosslinking 1088:1118 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 9 65 theme AD/PEG-CMC 1490:1499 arg1 hydrogel 1501:1508 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1490:1508 AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel 1490:1508 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 9 65 theme AD/PEG-CMC 1490:1499 arg1 candidate 1548:1556 an appropriate candidate 1533:1556 an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering 1533:1623 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 6 66 theme higher 1090:1095 arg1 degree 1097:1102 a higher degree 1088:1102 a higher degree of crosslinking 1088:1118 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 2 67 theme low 248:250 arg1 toxicity 252:259 low toxicity 248:259 low toxicity 248:259 Simple and easy preparation of these hydrogels with low toxicity and stability is a great advantage. 29752097 9 68 theme above-mentioned 1463:1477 arg1 hydrogels 1479:1487 the above-mentioned hydrogels 1459:1487 the above-mentioned hydrogels 1459:1487 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 1 69 theme forming 135:141 arg1 hydrogels 143:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels 116:151 Injectable in situ forming hydrogels has great potential in tissue engineering. 29752097 6 70 theme AD/PEG-GEL 1058:1067 arg1 hydrogel 1069:1076 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 1058:1076 AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel 1058:1076 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 6 71 theme compressive 999:1009 arg1 modulus 1011:1017 a higher compressive modulus 990:1017 a higher compressive modulus 990:1017 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 0 72 theme based 61:65 arg1 hydrogels 67:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 alginate based hydrogels 52:75 Self-crosslinking effect of chitosan and gelatin on alginate based hydrogels: Injectable in situ forming scaffolds. 29752097 6 73 theme higher 992:997 arg1 modulus 1011:1017 a higher compressive modulus 990:1017 a higher compressive modulus 990:1017 In comparison with AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel showed a higher compressive modulus, viscosity and injection time, whereas AD/PEG-GEL hydrogel displayed a higher degree of crosslinking. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 spectroscopy 798:809 spectroscopy 798:809 spectroscopy 798:809 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 analysis 861:868 rheological analysis 849:868 rheological analysis 849:868 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 techniques 765:774 many techniques 760:774 many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability 760:887 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 analysis 824:831 compressive analysis 812:831 compressive analysis 812:831 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 microscopy 786:795 microscopy 786:795 microscopy 786:795 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 injectability 834:846 injectability 834:846 injectability 834:846 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 5 74 theme many 760:763 arg1 viability 879:887 cell viability 874:887 cell viability 874:887 The hydrogels were assessed by many techniques including microscopy, spectroscopy, compressive analysis, injectability, rheological analysis and cell viability to ascertain hydrogel properties. 29752097 9 75 theme rheological 1399:1409 arg1 properties 1445:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties 1399:1454 rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels 1399:1487 With respect to rheological, degradation time and compressive properties of the above-mentioned hydrogels, AD/PEG-CMC hydrogel could be considered as an appropriate candidate for injectable self-crosslinking application in tissue engineering. 29752097 4 76 theme oxidized 612:619 arg1 AD 631:632 AD 631:632 AD 631:632 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 29752097 4 76 theme oxidized 612:619 arg1 alginate 621:628 oxidized alginate 612:628 oxidized alginate (AD) 612:633 To this end, the hydrogels consist of oxidized alginate (AD), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) or gelatin (GEL) was synthesized. 31010728 2 0 theme lactic 476:481 arg1 production 488:497 the lactic acid production 472:497 the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation 472:594 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 4 1 from strength 899:906 arg1 break 943:947 break 943:947 break 943:947 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 2 theme tensile 891:897 arg1 strength 899:906 a tensile strength 889:906 a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11% 889:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 3 from materials 155:163 arg1 materials 308:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 6 4 theme solvent 1099:1105 arg1 casting 1107:1113 solvent casting 1099:1113 solvent casting 1099:1113 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 4 5 from break 943:947 arg1 17.809 MPa 911:920 17.809 MPa 911:920 17.809 MPa 911:920 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 5 from break 943:947 arg1 elongation 929:938 an elongation 926:938 an elongation at break of 300.11% 926:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 5 from break 943:947 arg1 strength 899:906 a tensile strength 889:906 a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11% 889:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 6 link petroleum-derived 207:223 arg1 plastics 225:232 petroleum-derived plastics 207:232 petroleum-derived plastics 207:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 3 7 theme acid 630:633 arg1 38.23 g/L 610:618 38.23 g/L 610:618 38.23 g/L of lactic acid 610:633 As a result, 38.23 g/L of lactic acid was produced. 31010728 3 7 theme acid 630:633 arg1 result 602:607 a result 600:607 a result 600:607 As a result, 38.23 g/L of lactic acid was produced. 31010728 7 8 theme liquid 1401:1406 arg1 chromatography 1408:1421 high-performance liquid chromatography 1384:1421 high-performance liquid chromatography 1384:1421 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 4 9 with polymerization 671:684 arg1 method 715:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 0 10 theme chitosan 78:85 arg1 incorporation 61:73 incorporation 61:73 incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications 61:112 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 0 10 theme chitosan 78:85 arg1 juliflora 47:55 Prosopis juliflora 38:55 Prosopis juliflora 38:55 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 4 11 theme % 958:958 arg1 17.809 MPa 911:920 17.809 MPa 911:920 17.809 MPa 911:920 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 11 theme % 958:958 arg1 elongation 929:938 an elongation 926:938 an elongation at break of 300.11% 926:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 12 theme lactic 746:751 arg1 acid 753:756 lactic acid 746:756 lactic acid 746:756 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 5 13 theme transmission 972:983 arg1 results 990:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 5 14 theme oxygen 965:970 arg1 results 990:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 4 15 contain having 825:830 arg2 composition 851:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 15 contain having 825:830 arg1 thickness 815:823 0.25 mm thickness 807:823 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 807:861 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 2 16 theme delbrueckii 519:529 arg1 substrate 569:577 a substrate 567:577 a substrate for fermentation 567:594 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 2 16 theme delbrueckii 519:529 arg1 MTCC 531:534 Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 505:538 Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora 505:562 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 1 17 from materials 308:316 arg1 alternatives 191:202 environmentally friendly alternatives 166:202 environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics 166:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 17 from materials 308:316 arg1 materials 155:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 17 from materials 308:316 arg1 production 252:261 fermentative production 239:261 fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 239:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 17 from materials 308:316 arg1 acid 288:291 optically pure lactic acid 266:291 optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 266:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 18 theme Fourier-transform 1263:1279 arg1 spectroscopy 1290:1301 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1263:1301 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1263:1301 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 5 19 theme rate 985:988 arg1 results 990:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results 961:996 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 1 20 theme pure 276:279 arg1 acid 288:291 optically pure lactic acid 266:291 optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 266:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 0 21 theme packaging 91:99 arg1 applications 101:112 packaging applications 91:112 packaging applications 91:112 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 1 22 theme recent 365:370 arg1 years 372:376 the recent years 361:376 the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications 361:429 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 4 23 theme better 869:874 arg1 results 876:882 better results 869:882 better results 869:882 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 5 24 dep 1614.21 1023:1029 arg1 cm3/ 1032:1035 cm3/ 1032:1035 cm3/(m2·day·atm) 1032:1047 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 5 24 dep 1614.21 1023:1029 arg1 m2·day·atm 1037:1046 m2·day·atm 1037:1046 m2·day·atm 1037:1046 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 6 25 theme increased 1179:1187 arg1 properties 1200:1209 increased mechanical properties 1179:1209 increased mechanical properties 1179:1209 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 4 26 theme Modified 649:656 arg1 polymerization 671:684 Modified ring-opening polymerization 649:684 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method 649:720 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 5 27 theme 1614.21 1023:1029 arg1 permeability 1007:1018 low permeability 1003:1018 low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)) 1003:1048 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 2 28 theme Lactobacillus 505:517 arg1 substrate 569:577 a substrate 567:577 a substrate for fermentation 567:594 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 2 28 theme Lactobacillus 505:517 arg1 MTCC 531:534 Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 505:538 Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora 505:562 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 1 29 theme due 378:380 arg1 years 372:376 the recent years 361:376 the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications 361:429 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 30 theme spectroscopy 1290:1301 arg1 results 1423:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 7 31 theme thermogravimetry/derivative 1304:1330 arg1 thermogravimetry 1332:1347 thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry 1304:1347 thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry 1304:1347 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 6 32 dep permeability 1152:1163 arg1 less 1147:1150 less 1147:1150 less 1147:1150 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 1 33 theme lactic 281:286 arg1 acid 288:291 optically pure lactic acid 266:291 optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 266:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 34 from analysis 1251:1258 arg1 evident 1221:1227 evident 1221:1227 evident 1221:1227 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 2 35 with MTCC 531:534 arg1 juliflora 554:562 Prosopis juliflora 545:562 Prosopis juliflora 545:562 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 1 36 contain have 318:321 arg2 interest 331:338 aroused interest 323:338 aroused interest among researchers 323:356 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 36 contain have 318:321 arg1 materials 155:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 36 contain have 318:321 arg1 production 252:261 fermentative production 239:261 fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 239:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 36 contain have 318:321 arg1 alternatives 191:202 environmentally friendly alternatives 166:202 environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics 166:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 37 theme environmentally 166:180 arg1 alternatives 191:202 environmentally friendly alternatives 166:202 environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics 166:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 38 theme acid 288:291 arg1 alternatives 191:202 environmentally friendly alternatives 166:202 environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics 166:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 38 theme acid 288:291 arg1 materials 155:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 38 theme acid 288:291 arg1 production 252:261 fermentative production 239:261 fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 239:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 39 theme high-performance 1384:1399 arg1 chromatography 1408:1421 high-performance liquid chromatography 1384:1421 high-performance liquid chromatography 1384:1421 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 4 40 theme polylactic 763:772 arg1 acid 774:777 polylactic acid 763:777 polylactic acid 763:777 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 41 theme friendly 182:189 arg1 alternatives 191:202 environmentally friendly alternatives 166:202 environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics 166:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 0 42 theme poly 15:18 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 0:113 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 2 43 theme Prosopis 545:552 arg1 juliflora 554:562 Prosopis juliflora 545:562 Prosopis juliflora 545:562 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 0 44 from incorporation 61:73 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 0:113 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 4 45 theme polycondensation 698:713 arg1 method 715:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 3 46 theme lactic 623:628 arg1 acid 630:633 lactic acid 623:633 lactic acid 623:633 As a result, 38.23 g/L of lactic acid was produced. 31010728 4 47 theme direct 691:696 arg1 method 715:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 direct polycondensation method 691:720 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 48 theme cheap 298:302 arg1 materials 308:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 49 from production 252:261 arg1 materials 308:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 50 theme infrared 1281:1288 arg1 spectroscopy 1290:1301 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1263:1301 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1263:1301 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 4 51 theme PLA/chitosan 832:843 arg1 composition 851:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 52 theme ring-opening 658:669 arg1 polymerization 671:684 Modified ring-opening polymerization 649:684 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method 649:720 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 7 53 theme scanning 1350:1357 arg1 microscope 1368:1377 scanning electron microscope 1350:1377 scanning electron microscope 1350:1377 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 0 54 theme lactic 20:25 arg1 poly 15:18 poly 15:18 poly(lactic acid) 15:31 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 0 54 theme lactic 20:25 arg1 acid 27:30 lactic acid 20:30 lactic acid 20:30 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 1 55 theme raw 304:306 arg1 materials 308:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 56 theme high 389:392 arg1 potential 394:402 its high potential 385:402 its high potential for packaging applications 385:429 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 57 theme petroleum-derived 207:223 arg1 plastics 225:232 petroleum-derived plastics 207:232 petroleum-derived plastics 207:232 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 2 58 theme acid 483:486 arg1 production 488:497 the lactic acid production 472:497 the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation 472:594 In this study, we have experimented for the lactic acid production using Lactobacillus delbrueckii MTCC 911 with Prosopis juliflora as a substrate for fermentation. 31010728 7 59 theme thermogravimetry 1332:1347 arg1 results 1423:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 6 60 theme mechanical 1189:1198 arg1 properties 1200:1209 increased mechanical properties 1179:1209 increased mechanical properties 1179:1209 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 4 61 theme 17.809 MPa 911:920 arg1 strength 899:906 a tensile strength 889:906 a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11% 889:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 4 62 theme 60/40 845:849 arg1 composition 851:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 832:861 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 7 63 theme chromatography 1408:1421 arg1 results 1423:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 0 64 from juliflora 47:55 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 0:113 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 1 65 theme aroused 323:329 arg1 interest 331:338 aroused interest 323:338 aroused interest among researchers 323:356 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 4 66 theme elongation 929:938 arg1 strength 899:906 a tensile strength 889:906 a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11% 889:958 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 67 theme packaging 408:416 arg1 applications 418:429 packaging applications 408:429 packaging applications 408:429 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 5 68 theme low 1003:1005 arg1 permeability 1007:1018 low permeability 1003:1018 low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)) 1003:1048 The oxygen transmission rate results show low permeability of 1614.21 (cm3/(m2·day·atm)). 31010728 1 69 from alternatives 191:202 arg1 materials 308:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 cheap raw materials 298:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 6 70 theme thermal 1126:1132 arg1 stablity 1134:1141 good thermal stablity 1121:1141 good thermal stablity 1121:1141 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 6 71 theme good 1121:1124 arg1 stablity 1134:1141 good thermal stablity 1121:1141 good thermal stablity 1121:1141 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 6 72 theme PLA/chitosan 1062:1073 arg1 membrane 1075:1082 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane 1051:1082 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting 1051:1113 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 1 73 theme biodegradable 119:131 arg1 acid 144:147 biodegradable polylactic acid 119:147 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 73 theme biodegradable 119:131 arg1 PLA 150:152 PLA 150:152 PLA 150:152 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 74 theme instrumental 1238:1249 arg1 analysis 1251:1258 the instrumental analysis 1234:1258 the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1234:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 7 75 theme electron 1359:1366 arg1 microscope 1368:1377 scanning electron microscope 1350:1377 scanning electron microscope 1350:1377 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 7 76 theme results 1423:1429 arg1 analysis 1251:1258 the instrumental analysis 1234:1258 the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1234:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 6 77 theme Compatible 1051:1060 arg1 membrane 1075:1082 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane 1051:1082 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting 1051:1113 Compatible PLA/chitosan membrane so produced by solvent casting shows good thermal stablity and less permeability to oxygen and increased mechanical properties. 31010728 1 78 theme polylactic 133:142 arg1 acid 144:147 biodegradable polylactic acid 119:147 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 78 theme polylactic 133:142 arg1 PLA 150:152 PLA 150:152 PLA 150:152 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 7 79 theme microscope 1368:1377 arg1 results 1423:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results 1263:1429 This was evident from the instrumental analysis of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, and high-performance liquid chromatography results. 31010728 0 80 theme Prosopis 38:45 arg1 juliflora 47:55 Prosopis juliflora 38:55 Prosopis juliflora 38:55 Preparation of poly(lactic acid) from Prosopis juliflora and incorporation of chitosan for packaging applications. 31010728 4 81 theme 0.25 mm 807:813 arg1 thickness 815:823 0.25 mm thickness 807:823 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition 807:861 Modified ring-opening polymerization with direct polycondensation method was followed to convert lactic acid into polylactic acid, and membrane prepared with 0.25 mm thickness having PLA/chitosan 60/40 composition shows better results with a tensile strength of 17.809 MPa and an elongation at break of 300.11%. 31010728 1 82 theme acid 144:147 arg1 materials 155:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials 115:163 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 31010728 1 83 theme fermentative 239:250 arg1 production 252:261 fermentative production 239:261 fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials 239:316 The biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) materials, environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, and fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid from cheap raw materials have aroused interest among researchers in the recent years due to its high potential for packaging applications. 29964113 0 0 theme Nizimuddinia 78:89 arg1 zanardini 91:99 Nizimuddinia zanardini 78:99 Nizimuddinia zanardini 78:99 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 1 1 theme brown 158:162 arg1 zanardini 136:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini 123:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) 123:169 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 1 1 theme brown 158:162 arg1 algae 164:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 3 2 theme 103 kDa 485:491 arg1 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 2 theme 103 kDa 485:491 arg1 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 2 theme 103 kDa 485:491 arg1 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 2 theme 103 kDa 485:491 arg1 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 3 from % 762:762 arg1 water 773:777 water 773:777 water 773:777 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 4 from water 859:863 arg1 solutions 915:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 5 theme NaCl 910:913 arg1 solutions 915:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 3 6 theme 1.22 520:523 arg1 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 6 theme 1.22 520:523 arg1 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 6 theme 1.22 520:523 arg1 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 6 theme 1.22 520:523 arg1 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 7 theme alginate 718:725 arg1 NaCl 789:792 0.5 M NaCl 783:792 0.5 M NaCl 783:792 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 7 theme alginate 718:725 arg1 solutions 700:708 solutions 700:708 solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water 700:777 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 8 theme NaCl 789:792 arg1 properties 686:695 Rheological properties 674:695 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl 674:792 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 3 9 theme polydispersity 496:509 arg1 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 10 theme Newtonian 825:833 arg1 behaviour 846:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 1 11 from zanardini 136:144 arg1 alginate 109:116 Sodium alginate 102:116 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) 102:169 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 5 12 from thinning 877:884 arg1 solutions 915:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 NaCl solutions 910:923 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 13 theme fluid 886:890 arg1 behaviour 897:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 4 14 theme radical 610:616 arg1 scavenging 618:627 DPPH radical scavenging 605:627 DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation 605:671 Its antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation. 29964113 3 15 theme intrinsic 533:541 arg1 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 16 theme fluid 835:839 arg1 behaviour 846:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 1 17 theme biochemical 273:283 arg1 composition 285:295 its biochemical composition 269:295 its biochemical composition 269:295 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 5 18 theme Rheological 674:684 arg1 properties 686:695 Rheological properties 674:695 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl 674:792 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 2 19 theme NMR 301:303 arg1 spectroscopy 305:316 1H NMR spectroscopy 298:316 1H NMR spectroscopy 298:316 1H NMR spectroscopy, SEC-MALLS, HPAEC and FT-IR were performed to determine its structure and its physico-chemical properties. 29964113 1 20 theme acid 190:193 arg1 solutions 208:216 acid and alkaline solutions 190:216 solutions 208:216 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 5 21 theme type 892:895 arg1 behaviour 897:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 2 22 theme 1H 298:299 arg1 spectroscopy 305:316 1H NMR spectroscopy 298:316 1H NMR spectroscopy 298:316 1H NMR spectroscopy, SEC-MALLS, HPAEC and FT-IR were performed to determine its structure and its physico-chemical properties. 29964113 3 23 theme 1.1 458:460 arg1 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 23 theme 1.1 458:460 arg1 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 23 theme 1.1 458:460 arg1 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 23 theme 1.1 458:460 arg1 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 0 24 theme alginate 38:45 arg1 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 0 24 theme alginate 38:45 arg1 Extraction 0:9 Extraction 0:9 Extraction 0:9 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 1 25 theme alkaline 199:206 arg1 solutions 208:216 acid and alkaline solutions 190:216 solutions 208:216 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 3 26 theme 342 mL/g 556:563 arg1 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 26 theme 342 mL/g 556:563 arg1 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 26 theme 342 mL/g 556:563 arg1 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 26 theme 342 mL/g 556:563 arg1 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 2 27 theme physico-chemical 396:411 arg1 properties 413:422 its physico-chemical properties 392:422 its physico-chemical properties 392:422 1H NMR spectroscopy, SEC-MALLS, HPAEC and FT-IR were performed to determine its structure and its physico-chemical properties. 29964113 5 28 theme solutions 700:708 arg1 properties 686:695 Rheological properties 674:695 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl 674:792 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 0 29 from brown 64:68 arg1 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 characterization 15:30 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 0 29 from brown 64:68 arg1 Extraction 0:9 Extraction 0:9 Extraction 0:9 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 4 30 theme DPPH 605:608 arg1 scavenging 618:627 DPPH radical scavenging 605:627 DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation 605:671 Its antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation. 29964113 5 31 theme type 841:844 arg1 behaviour 846:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 a Newtonian fluid type behaviour 823:854 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 32 dep water 859:863 arg1 behaviour 897:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 fluid type behaviour 886:905 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 3 33 theme molecular 465:473 arg1 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 34 with NaCl 789:792 arg1 concentrations 732:745 concentrations 732:745 concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water 732:777 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 1 35 theme Nizimuddinia 123:134 arg1 zanardini 136:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini 123:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) 123:169 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 1 35 theme Nizimuddinia 123:134 arg1 algae 164:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 5 36 with solutions 700:708 arg1 concentrations 732:745 concentrations 732:745 concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water 732:777 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 5 37 theme shear 871:875 arg1 thinning 877:884 a shear thinning 869:884 a shear thinning 869:884 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 1 38 theme Sodium 102:107 arg1 alginate 109:116 Sodium alginate 102:116 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) 102:169 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 4 39 theme antioxidant 570:580 arg1 activity 582:589 Its antioxidant activity 566:589 Its antioxidant activity 566:589 Its antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation. 29964113 3 40 contain has 439:441 arg2 viscosity 543:551 an intrinsic viscosity 530:551 an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g 530:563 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 40 contain has 439:441 arg2 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 40 contain has 439:441 arg2 weight 475:480 a molecular weight 463:480 a molecular weight of 103 kDa 463:491 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 40 contain has 439:441 arg1 alginate 430:437 This alginate 425:437 This alginate 425:437 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 40 contain has 439:441 arg2 index 511:515 a polydispersity index 494:515 a polydispersity index of 1.22 494:523 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 3 41 theme M/G 445:447 arg1 ratio 449:453 a M/G ratio 443:453 a M/G ratio of 1.1 443:460 This alginate has a M/G ratio of 1.1, a molecular weight of 103 kDa, a polydispersity index of 1.22, and an intrinsic viscosity of 342 mL/g. 29964113 5 42 theme 0.5 M 783:787 arg1 NaCl 789:792 0.5 M NaCl 783:792 0.5 M NaCl 783:792 Rheological properties of solutions of this alginate with concentrations between 1 and 5% (w/v) in water and 0.5 M NaCl were investigated indicating a Newtonian fluid type behaviour in water and a shear thinning fluid type behaviour in NaCl solutions. 29964113 4 43 theme food 655:658 arg1 preservation 660:671 food preservation 655:671 food preservation 655:671 Its antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH radical scavenging showing its potential for food preservation. 29964113 0 44 theme Iranian 56:62 arg1 brown 64:68 the Iranian brown 52:68 the Iranian brown 52:68 Extraction and characterization of an alginate from the Iranian brown seaweed Nizimuddinia zanardini. 29964113 1 45 theme Iranian 150:156 arg1 zanardini 136:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini 123:144 Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) 123:169 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29964113 1 45 theme Iranian 150:156 arg1 algae 164:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 an Iranian brown algae 147:168 Sodium alginate from Nizimuddinia zanardini (an Iranian brown algae) was extracted with acid and alkaline solutions, partially and totally hydrolyzed and analyzed for its biochemical composition. 29717628 1 0 theme bladder 312:318 arg1 augmentation 320:331 bladder augmentation 312:331 bladder augmentation 312:331 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 5 1 theme smooth 614:619 arg1 muscles 621:627 smooth muscles 614:627 more densely smooth muscles 601:627 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 5 1 theme smooth 614:619 arg1 weeks 575:579 RESULT 8 weeks 566:579 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation 566:598 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 1 2 theme /chitosan 236:244 arg1 scaffold 255:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold 214:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction 214:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 3 theme augmentation 320:331 arg1 model 303:307 a rat model 297:307 a rat model of bladder augmentation 297:331 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 5 4 theme RESULT 566:571 arg1 muscles 621:627 smooth muscles 614:627 more densely smooth muscles 601:627 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 5 4 theme RESULT 566:571 arg1 weeks 575:579 RESULT 8 weeks 566:579 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation 566:598 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 1 5 theme seeding 167:173 arg1 cells 196:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells 167:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) 167:207 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 5 theme seeding 167:173 arg1 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 0 6 theme rat 110:112 arg1 model 114:118 a rat model 108:118 a rat model 108:118 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 6 7 theme smooth 792:797 arg1 cells 806:810 the smooth muscle cells 788:810 the smooth muscle cells 788:810 Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that some of the smooth muscle cells were transdifferentiated from the ASCs. 29717628 3 8 theme control 522:528 arg1 group 530:534 control group 522:534 control group 522:534 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 3 8 theme control 522:528 arg1 scaffold 476:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 1 9 theme PCL/CS 247:252 arg1 scaffold 255:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold 214:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction 214:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 7 10 theme bladder 941:947 arg1 engineering 956:966 bladder tissue engineering 941:966 bladder tissue engineering 941:966 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 0 11 link Adipose-derived 0:14 arg1 scaffold 66:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 1 12 dep AIM 121:123 arg1 investigated 135:146 investigated 135:146 investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation 135:331 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 2 13 theme experimental 361:372 arg1 group 374:378 the experimental group 357:378 the experimental group 357:378 MATERIALS & METHODS In the experimental group, the autologous ASCs were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 14 theme adipose-derived 175:189 arg1 cells 196:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells 167:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) 167:207 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 14 theme adipose-derived 175:189 arg1 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 5 15 theme intensive 709:717 arg1 vessels 725:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 2 16 dep METHODS 346:352 arg1 seeded 406:411 seeded 406:411 were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation 401:461 MATERIALS & METHODS In the experimental group, the autologous ASCs were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 17 theme stem 191:194 arg1 cells 196:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells 167:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) 167:207 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 17 theme stem 191:194 arg1 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 2 18 theme PCL/CS 422:427 arg1 scaffold 429:436 the PCL/CS scaffold 418:436 the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation 418:461 MATERIALS & METHODS In the experimental group, the autologous ASCs were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 19 link adipose-derived 175:189 arg1 cells 196:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells 167:200 seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) 167:207 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 1 19 link adipose-derived 175:189 arg1 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 ASCs 203:206 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 5 20 theme blood 719:723 arg1 vessels 725:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 1 21 theme cells 196:200 arg1 feasibility 152:162 the feasibility 148:162 the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction 148:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 0 22 theme Adipose-derived 0:14 arg1 scaffold 66:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 7 23 dep indicated 876:884 arg1 CONCLUSION 852:861 CONCLUSION 852:861 CONCLUSION 852:861 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 7 24 theme ASC-seeded 891:900 arg1 scaffold 928:935 a potential scaffold 916:935 a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering 916:966 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 7 24 theme ASC-seeded 891:900 arg1 PCL/CS 902:907 ASC-seeded PCL/CS 891:907 ASC-seeded PCL/CS 891:907 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 7 25 theme tissue 949:954 arg1 engineering 956:966 bladder tissue engineering 941:966 bladder tissue engineering 941:966 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 6 26 theme muscle 799:804 arg1 cells 806:810 the smooth muscle cells 788:810 the smooth muscle cells 788:810 Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that some of the smooth muscle cells were transdifferentiated from the ASCs. 29717628 0 27 theme poly 36:39 arg1 scaffold 66:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 1 28 theme bladder 268:274 arg1 reconstruction 276:289 bladder reconstruction 268:289 bladder reconstruction 268:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 4 29 theme sham 541:544 arg1 group 546:550 The sham group 537:550 The sham group 537:550 The sham group was also set. 29717628 5 30 theme larger 676:681 arg1 capacity 691:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 2 31 theme autologous 385:394 arg1 ASCs 396:399 the autologous ASCs 381:399 the autologous ASCs 381:399 MATERIALS & METHODS In the experimental group, the autologous ASCs were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation. 29717628 2 32 theme bladder 442:448 arg1 augmentation 450:461 bladder augmentation 442:461 bladder augmentation 442:461 MATERIALS & METHODS In the experimental group, the autologous ASCs were seeded onto the PCL/CS scaffold for bladder augmentation. 29717628 5 33 theme bladder 683:689 arg1 capacity 691:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 6 34 theme Immunofluorescence 734:751 arg1 staining 753:760 Immunofluorescence staining 734:760 Immunofluorescence staining 734:760 Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that some of the smooth muscle cells were transdifferentiated from the ASCs. 29717628 3 35 theme unseeded 467:474 arg1 group 530:534 control group 522:534 control group 522:534 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 3 35 theme unseeded 467:474 arg1 scaffold 476:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 0 36 theme /chitosan 56:64 arg1 scaffold 66:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 1 37 theme rat 299:301 arg1 model 303:307 a rat model 297:307 a rat model of bladder augmentation 297:331 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 7 38 theme potential 918:926 arg1 scaffold 928:935 a potential scaffold 916:935 a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering 916:966 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 7 38 theme potential 918:926 arg1 PCL/CS 902:907 ASC-seeded PCL/CS 891:907 ASC-seeded PCL/CS 891:907 CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that ASC-seeded PCL/CS may be a potential scaffold for bladder tissue engineering. 29717628 5 39 theme experimental 650:661 arg1 group 663:667 the experimental group 646:667 the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels 646:731 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 3 40 used used 489:492 arg2 group 530:534 control group 522:534 control group 522:534 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 3 40 used used 489:492 arg2 scaffold 476:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold 464:483 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 1 41 theme poly 216:219 arg1 scaffold 255:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold 214:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction 214:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 3 42 theme bladder 498:504 arg1 augmentation 506:517 bladder augmentation 498:517 bladder augmentation 498:517 An unseeded scaffold was used for bladder augmentation as control group. 29717628 5 43 located detected 634:641 arg2 muscles 621:627 smooth muscles 614:627 more densely smooth muscles 601:627 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 5 43 located detected 634:641 arg1 group 663:667 the experimental group 646:667 the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels 646:731 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 5 43 located detected 634:641 arg2 weeks 575:579 RESULT 8 weeks 566:579 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation 566:598 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 0 44 theme bladder 84:90 arg1 regeneration 92:103 bladder regeneration 84:103 bladder regeneration 84:103 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 5 45 with group 663:667 arg1 vessels 725:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 more intensive blood vessels 704:731 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 5 45 with group 663:667 arg1 capacity 691:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 a larger bladder capacity 674:698 RESULT 8 weeks after implantation, more densely smooth muscles were detected in the experimental group with a larger bladder capacity and more intensive blood vessels. 29717628 1 46 theme ϵ-caprolactone 221:234 arg1 scaffold 255:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold 214:262 a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction 214:289 AIM The study investigated the feasibility of seeding adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) onto a poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan (PCL/CS) scaffold for bladder reconstruction using a rat model of bladder augmentation. 29717628 0 47 theme stem-cell-implanted 16:34 arg1 poly 36:39 stem-cell-implanted poly 16:39 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold 0:73 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 29717628 0 47 theme stem-cell-implanted 16:34 arg1 ϵ-caprolactone 41:54 ϵ-caprolactone 41:54 ϵ-caprolactone 41:54 Adipose-derived stem-cell-implanted poly(ϵ-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffold improves bladder regeneration in a rat model. 30767655 3 0 theme initial 592:598 arg1 concentration 607:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 0 theme initial 592:598 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 2 1 dep XRD 442:444 arg1 VSM 466:468 VSM 466:468 VSM 466:468 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 1 dep XRD 442:444 arg1 EDX 461:463 EDX 461:463 EDX 461:463 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 1 dep XRD 442:444 arg1 FE-SEM 453:458 FE-SEM 453:458 FE-SEM 453:458 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 1 dep XRD 442:444 arg1 FTIR 447:450 FTIR 447:450 FTIR 447:450 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 1 dep XRD 442:444 arg1 BET 474:476 BET 474:476 BET 474:476 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 5 2 theme adsorption 773:782 arg1 endothermic 839:849 endothermic 839:849 endothermic 839:849 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 2 theme adsorption 773:782 arg1 spontaneous 826:836 spontaneous 826:836 spontaneous 826:836 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 2 theme adsorption 773:782 arg1 process 784:790 the adsorption process 769:790 the adsorption process 769:790 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 2 theme adsorption 773:782 arg1 favourable 814:823 favourable 814:823 favourable 814:823 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 6 3 theme contact 1145:1151 arg1 time 1153:1156 a contact time 1143:1156 a contact time of 6 h 1143:1163 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 0 4 theme carbon/chitosan 48:62 arg1 beads 64:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads 29:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract 29:140 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 3 5 theme pH 582:583 arg1 concentration 607:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 5 theme pH 582:583 arg1 time 630:633 contact time 622:633 contact time 622:633 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 5 theme pH 582:583 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 6 6 with beads 950:954 arg1 ratio 989:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio 961:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 961:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 7 7 with cycles 1298:1303 arg1 efficiency 1322:1331 the removal efficiency 1310:1331 the removal efficiency greater than 86.25% 1310:1351 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 6 8 theme MAC 978:980 arg1 ratio 989:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio 961:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 961:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 7 9 theme consecutive 1286:1296 arg1 cycles 1298:1303 five consecutive cycles 1281:1303 five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25% 1281:1351 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 6 10 theme adsorbent 1112:1120 arg1 dose 1122:1125 adsorbent dose 1112:1125 adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 1112:1137 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 4 11 theme possible 698:705 arg1 mechanism 718:726 A possible adsorption mechanism 696:726 A possible adsorption mechanism 696:726 A possible adsorption mechanism was proposed. 30767655 5 12 dep favourable 814:823 arg1 endothermic 839:849 endothermic 839:849 endothermic 839:849 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 12 dep favourable 814:823 arg1 spontaneous 826:836 spontaneous 826:836 spontaneous 826:836 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 12 dep favourable 814:823 arg1 process 784:790 the adsorption process 769:790 the adsorption process 769:790 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 5 12 dep favourable 814:823 arg1 favourable 814:823 favourable 814:823 favourable 814:823 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 8 13 theme ions 1480:1483 arg1 removal 1462:1468 removal 1462:1468 removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability 1462:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 1 14 theme shrimp 232:237 arg1 shells 239:244 shrimp shells 232:244 shrimp shells 232:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 7 15 theme beads 1233:1237 arg1 ability 1216:1222 the adsorption ability 1201:1222 the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions 1201:1257 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 6 16 theme Ni 1065:1066 arg1 ions 1072:1075 Ni(II) ions 1065:1075 Ni(II) ions 1065:1075 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 0 17 theme coffee 90:95 arg1 grounds 97:103 spent coffee grounds 84:103 spent coffee grounds 84:103 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 8 18 theme high 1526:1529 arg1 efficiency 1531:1539 high efficiency 1526:1539 high efficiency 1526:1539 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 6 19 theme 6 1109:1109 arg1 dose 1122:1125 adsorbent dose 1112:1125 adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 1112:1137 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 19 theme 6 1109:1109 arg1 pH 1103:1104 pH 1103:1104 pH of 6 1103:1109 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 19 theme 6 1109:1109 arg1 time 1153:1156 a contact time 1143:1156 a contact time of 6 h 1143:1163 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 19 theme 6 1109:1109 arg1 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 20 theme MACCS 944:948 arg1 beads 950:954 The MACCS beads 940:954 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 940:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 7 21 theme Ni 1247:1248 arg1 ions 1254:1257 Ni(II) ions 1247:1257 Ni(II) ions 1247:1257 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 6 22 theme CS 972:973 arg1 ratio 989:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio 961:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 961:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 0 23 theme spent 84:88 arg1 grounds 97:103 spent coffee grounds 84:103 spent coffee grounds 84:103 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 3 24 theme Ni 600:601 arg1 concentration 607:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 initial Ni(II) concentration 592:619 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 24 theme Ni 600:601 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 4 25 theme adsorption 707:716 arg1 mechanism 718:726 A possible adsorption mechanism 696:726 A possible adsorption mechanism 696:726 A possible adsorption mechanism was proposed. 30767655 2 26 dep applied 328:334 arg1 XRD 442:444 XRD 442:444 XRD 442:444 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 1 27 theme Magnetic 143:150 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 6 28 dep ratio 989:993 arg1 to 975:976 to 975:976 to 975:976 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 29 theme adsorption 1041:1050 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1019:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 1019:1092 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 1 30 theme activated 152:160 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 3 31 theme contact 622:628 arg1 time 630:633 contact time 622:633 contact time 622:633 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 31 theme contact 622:628 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 6 32 theme monolayer 1031:1039 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1019:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 1019:1092 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 33 theme 6 h 1161:1163 arg1 dose 1122:1125 adsorbent dose 1112:1125 adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 1112:1137 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 33 theme 6 h 1161:1163 arg1 pH 1103:1104 pH 1103:1104 pH of 6 1103:1109 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 33 theme 6 h 1161:1163 arg1 time 1153:1156 a contact time 1143:1156 a contact time of 6 h 1143:1163 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 33 theme 6 h 1161:1163 arg1 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 1 34 theme carbon/chitosan 162:176 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 6 35 theme optimum 964:970 arg1 ratio 989:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio 961:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 961:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 7 36 theme recycling 1170:1178 arg1 study 1180:1184 The recycling study 1166:1184 The recycling study 1166:1184 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 6 37 theme maximum 1023:1029 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1019:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 1019:1092 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 8 38 theme good 1563:1566 arg1 reusability 1568:1578 good reusability 1563:1578 good reusability 1563:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 1 39 theme composite 178:186 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 0 40 theme Ni 14:15 arg1 ions 21:24 Ni(II) ions 14:24 Ni(II) ions 14:24 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 8 41 theme MACCS 1370:1374 arg1 adsorbent 1448:1456 adsorbent 1448:1456 adsorbent 1448:1456 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 8 41 theme MACCS 1370:1374 arg1 beads 1376:1380 the MACCS beads 1366:1380 the MACCS beads 1366:1380 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 1 42 from shells 239:244 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 3 43 theme key 547:549 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 43 theme key 547:549 arg1 factors 562:568 key adsorption factors 547:568 key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time 547:633 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 7 44 theme MACCS 1227:1231 arg1 beads 1233:1237 MACCS beads 1227:1237 MACCS beads 1227:1237 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 5 45 theme kinetic 924:930 arg1 models 932:937 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 904:937 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 904:937 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 2 46 theme ions 358:361 arg1 removal 340:346 removal 340:346 removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution 340:383 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 47 theme various 422:428 arg1 techniques 430:439 various techniques 422:439 various techniques 422:439 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 1 48 theme green 269:273 arg1 tea 275:277 green tea 269:277 green tea extract 269:285 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 1 49 from grounds 220:226 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 3 50 theme adsorption 551:560 arg1 value 585:589 the pH value 578:589 the pH value 578:589 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 50 theme adsorption 551:560 arg1 factors 562:568 key adsorption factors 547:568 key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time 547:633 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 7 51 theme adsorption 1205:1214 arg1 ability 1216:1222 the adsorption ability 1201:1222 the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions 1201:1257 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 8 52 theme Ni 1473:1474 arg1 ions 1480:1483 Ni(II) ions 1473:1483 Ni(II) ions 1473:1483 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 1 53 theme MACCS 189:193 arg1 beads 196:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads 143:200 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells 143:244 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 1 54 theme tea 275:277 arg1 extract 279:285 green tea extract 269:285 green tea extract 269:285 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 1 54 theme tea 275:277 arg1 crosslinker 292:302 a crosslinker 290:302 a crosslinker 290:302 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 0 55 theme shrimp 106:111 arg1 shells 113:118 shrimp shells 106:118 shrimp shells 106:118 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 5 56 theme pseudo-second-order 904:922 arg1 models 932:937 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 904:937 pseudo-second-order kinetic models 904:937 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 8 57 theme rapid 1542:1546 arg1 separation 1548:1557 rapid separation 1542:1557 rapid separation 1542:1557 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 6 58 theme 1.0g L-1 1130:1137 arg1 dose 1122:1125 adsorbent dose 1112:1125 adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 1112:1137 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 58 theme 1.0g L-1 1130:1137 arg1 pH 1103:1104 pH 1103:1104 pH of 6 1103:1109 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 58 theme 1.0g L-1 1130:1137 arg1 time 1153:1156 a contact time 1143:1156 a contact time of 6 h 1143:1163 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 6 58 theme 1.0g L-1 1130:1137 arg1 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 25°C 1097:1100 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 0 59 theme green 124:128 arg1 extract 134:140 green tea extract 124:140 green tea extract 124:140 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 3 60 theme adsorption 484:493 arg1 kinetics 495:502 The adsorption kinetics 480:502 The adsorption kinetics 480:502 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 8 61 from wastewater 1490:1499 arg1 removal 1462:1468 removal 1462:1468 removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability 1462:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 0 62 theme ions 21:24 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 0:141 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 3 63 dep concentration 607:619 arg1 II 603:604 II 603:604 II 603:604 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 8 64 used used 1391:1394 arg2 adsorbent 1448:1456 adsorbent 1448:1456 adsorbent 1448:1456 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 8 64 used used 1391:1394 arg2 beads 1376:1380 the MACCS beads 1366:1380 the MACCS beads 1366:1380 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 8 65 theme efficiency 1531:1539 arg1 advantages 1512:1521 the advantages 1508:1521 the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability 1508:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 3 66 theme adsorbent 636:644 arg1 dose 646:649 adsorbent dose 636:649 adsorbent dose 636:649 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 7 67 theme greater 1333:1339 arg1 efficiency 1322:1331 the removal efficiency 1310:1331 the removal efficiency greater than 86.25% 1310:1351 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 8 68 theme separation 1548:1557 arg1 advantages 1512:1521 the advantages 1508:1521 the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability 1508:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 0 69 theme tea 130:132 arg1 extract 134:140 green tea extract 124:140 green tea extract 124:140 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 effects 536:542 the effects 532:542 the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time 532:633 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 isotherms 505:513 isotherms 505:513 isotherms 505:513 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 dose 646:649 adsorbent dose 636:649 adsorbent dose 636:649 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 thermodynamics 516:529 thermodynamics 516:529 thermodynamics 516:529 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 temperature 655:665 temperature 655:665 temperature 655:665 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 3 70 theme factors 562:568 arg1 kinetics 495:502 The adsorption kinetics 480:502 The adsorption kinetics 480:502 The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, the effects of key adsorption factors such as the pH value, initial Ni(II) concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and temperature were investigated in detail. 30767655 8 71 theme reusability 1568:1578 arg1 advantages 1512:1521 the advantages 1508:1521 the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability 1508:1578 Eventually, the MACCS beads could be used as an environmentally-friendly and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of Ni(II) ions from wastewater due to the advantages of high efficiency, rapid separation and good reusability. 30767655 0 72 theme activated 38:46 arg1 beads 64:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads 29:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract 29:140 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 7 73 theme removal 1314:1320 arg1 efficiency 1322:1331 the removal efficiency 1310:1331 the removal efficiency greater than 86.25% 1310:1351 The recycling study confirmed that the adsorption ability of MACCS beads towards Ni(II) ions maintained well after five consecutive cycles with the removal efficiency greater than 86.25%. 30767655 5 74 theme Langmuir 882:889 arg1 isotherm 891:898 the Langmuir isotherm 878:898 the Langmuir isotherm 878:898 The results indicated that the adsorption process was thermodynamically favourable, spontaneous, endothermic, and was best described by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. 30767655 6 75 theme mg g-1 1087:1092 arg1 capacity 1052:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 1019:1059 the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 1019:1092 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 2 76 theme Ni 351:352 arg1 ions 358:361 Ni(II) ions 351:361 Ni(II) ions 351:361 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 1 77 theme spent 207:211 arg1 grounds 220:226 spent coffee grounds 207:226 spent coffee grounds 207:226 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30767655 0 78 theme magnetic 29:36 arg1 beads 64:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads 29:68 magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract 29:140 Adsorption of Ni(II) ions by magnetic activated carbon/chitosan beads prepared from spent coffee grounds, shrimp shells and green tea extract. 30767655 2 79 from solution 376:383 arg1 removal 340:346 removal 340:346 removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution 340:383 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 2 80 theme aqueous 368:374 arg1 solution 376:383 aqueous solution 368:383 aqueous solution 368:383 The adsorbent was then applied for removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution after carefully characterizing it by various techniques (XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, VSM and BET). 30767655 6 81 theme weight 982:987 arg1 ratio 989:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio 961:993 an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 961:1012 The MACCS beads with an optimum CS to MAC weight ratio estimated as 60:40 gave the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Ni(II) ions of 108.70 mg g-1 at 25°C, pH of 6, adsorbent dose of 1.0g L-1 and a contact time of 6 h. 30767655 1 82 theme coffee 213:218 arg1 grounds 220:226 spent coffee grounds 207:226 spent coffee grounds 207:226 Magnetic activated carbon/chitosan composite (MACCS) beads from spent coffee grounds and shrimp shells were synthesized using green tea extract as a crosslinker. 30030075 2 0 theme 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic 327:362 arg1 AMPS 370:373 AMPS 370:373 AMPS 370:373 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 0 theme 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic 327:362 arg1 acid 364:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid 327:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) 327:374 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 6 1 theme removal 1141:1147 arg1 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 1 theme removal 1141:1147 arg1 order 1149:1153 the removal order 1137:1153 the removal order of the composites 1137:1171 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 5 2 theme thermogravimetric 981:997 arg1 TGA 1009:1011 TGA 1009:1011 TGA 1009:1011 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 2 theme thermogravimetric 981:997 arg1 analysis 999:1006 thermogravimetric analysis 981:1006 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 981:1012 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 4 3 theme Fe 746:747 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 3 4 theme different 543:551 arg1 concentrations 569:582 different montmorillonite concentrations 543:582 different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 543:626 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 3 4 theme different 543:551 arg1 weight 621:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 2 5 theme binary 280:285 arg1 monomers 287:294 binary monomers 280:294 binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) 280:395 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 5 theme binary 280:285 arg1 acid 364:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid 327:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) 327:374 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 5 theme binary 280:285 arg1 acid 312:315 acrylic acid 304:315 acrylic acid (AA) 304:320 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 0 6 theme Biodegradable 0:12 arg1 grafting 14:21 Biodegradable grafting 0:21 Biodegradable grafting 0:21 Biodegradable grafting cellulose/clay composites for metal ions removal. 30030075 3 7 theme cellulose/clay 458:471 arg1 composites 473:482 cellulose/clay composites 458:482 cellulose/clay composites 458:482 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 1 8 theme bi-functional 87:99 arg1 derivatives 111:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 4 9 used used 700:703 arg2 composites 684:693 their composites 678:693 their composites 678:693 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 4 9 used used 700:703 arg2 adsorbents 708:717 adsorbents 708:717 adsorbents 708:717 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 1 10 theme cellulose 101:109 arg1 derivatives 111:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 5 11 theme reaction 814:821 arg1 mechanism 823:831 A possible reaction mechanism 803:831 A possible reaction mechanism 803:831 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 4 12 theme Ca 738:739 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 7 13 theme grafted 1236:1242 arg1 cellulose 1244:1252 grafted cellulose 1236:1252 grafted cellulose 1236:1252 The biodegradability of grafted cellulose was increased by the addition of clay. 30030075 2 14 theme potassium 417:425 arg1 persulfate 427:436 potassium persulfate 417:436 potassium persulfate 417:436 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 15 theme acrylic 304:310 arg1 AA 318:319 AA 318:319 AA 318:319 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 15 theme acrylic 304:310 arg1 acid 312:315 acrylic acid 304:315 acrylic acid (AA) 304:320 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 7 16 theme clay 1287:1290 arg1 addition 1275:1282 the addition 1271:1282 the addition of clay 1271:1290 The biodegradability of grafted cellulose was increased by the addition of clay. 30030075 4 17 theme ions 761:764 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 3 18 theme montmorillonite 553:567 arg1 concentrations 569:582 different montmorillonite concentrations 543:582 different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 543:626 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 3 18 theme montmorillonite 553:567 arg1 weight 621:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 4 19 theme Pb 750:751 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 6 20 theme increasing 1122:1131 arg1 cations 1114:1120 cations 1114:1120 cations increasing 1114:1131 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 21 theme clay 1084:1087 arg1 content 1073:1079 the content 1069:1079 the content of clay 1069:1087 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 3 22 dep % 602:602 arg1 6 595:595 6 595:595 6 595:595 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 3 22 dep % 602:602 arg1 9 601:601 9 601:601 9 601:601 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 0 23 theme metal 53:57 arg1 ions 59:62 metal ions 53:62 metal ions removal 53:70 Biodegradable grafting cellulose/clay composites for metal ions removal. 30030075 5 24 theme Fourier 884:890 arg1 FT-IR 911:915 FT-IR 911:915 FT-IR 911:915 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 24 theme Fourier 884:890 arg1 infrared 901:908 Fourier transfer infrared 884:908 Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR) 884:916 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 1 25 theme Biodegradable 73:85 arg1 derivatives 111:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives 73:121 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 3 26 theme cellulose 527:535 arg1 copolymerization 507:522 graft copolymerization 501:522 graft copolymerization of cellulose 501:535 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 5 27 theme thermal 958:964 arg1 degradation 966:976 thermal degradation 958:976 thermal degradation 958:976 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 28 theme possible 805:812 arg1 mechanism 823:831 A possible reaction mechanism 803:831 A possible reaction mechanism 803:831 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 6 29 theme composites 1162:1171 arg1 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 29 theme composites 1162:1171 arg1 order 1149:1153 the removal order 1137:1153 the removal order of the composites 1137:1171 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 29 theme composites 1162:1171 arg1 uptake 1104:1109 the uptake 1100:1109 the uptake of cations increasing 1100:1131 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 4 30 from solutions 792:800 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 3 31 dep weight 621:626 arg1 % 602:602 % 602:602 % 602:602 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 5 32 theme electron 928:935 arg1 SEM 949:951 SEM 949:951 SEM 949:951 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 32 theme electron 928:935 arg1 microscopy 937:946 scanning electron microscopy 919:946 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 919:952 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 7 33 theme cellulose 1244:1252 arg1 biodegradability 1216:1231 The biodegradability 1212:1231 The biodegradability of grafted cellulose 1212:1252 The biodegradability of grafted cellulose was increased by the addition of clay. 30030075 0 34 theme ions 59:62 arg1 removal 64:70 metal ions removal 53:70 metal ions removal 53:70 Biodegradable grafting cellulose/clay composites for metal ions removal. 30030075 6 35 theme cations 1114:1120 arg1 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+ 1178:1209 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 35 theme cations 1114:1120 arg1 order 1149:1153 the removal order 1137:1153 the removal order of the composites 1137:1171 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 6 35 theme cations 1114:1120 arg1 uptake 1104:1109 the uptake 1100:1109 the uptake of cations increasing 1100:1131 The results obtained from this study revealed that as the content of clay increases, the uptake of cations increasing and the removal order of the composites were Pb2+ > Mg2+ > Fe2+ > Cu2+ > Ca2+. 30030075 4 36 theme aqueous 784:790 arg1 solutions 792:800 aqueous solutions 784:800 aqueous solutions 784:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 cations 179:185 widespread underground water cations 150:185 widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ 150:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 37 theme widespread 150:159 arg1 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 2 38 with copolymerization 245:260 arg1 monomers 287:294 binary monomers 280:294 binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) 280:395 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 38 with copolymerization 245:260 arg1 acid 364:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid 327:367 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) 327:374 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 38 with copolymerization 245:260 arg1 acid 312:315 acrylic acid 304:315 acrylic acid (AA) 304:320 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 3 39 theme weight/cellulose 604:619 arg1 weight 621:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight 592:626 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 cations 179:185 widespread underground water cations 150:185 widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ 150:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 40 theme underground 161:171 arg1 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 4 41 theme Mg 742:743 arg1 removal 727:733 the removal 723:733 the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions 723:800 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 2 42 theme cellulose 265:273 arg1 copolymerization 245:260 graft copolymerization 239:260 graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) 239:395 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 5 43 theme scanning 919:926 arg1 SEM 949:951 SEM 949:951 SEM 949:951 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 43 theme scanning 919:926 arg1 microscopy 937:946 scanning electron microscopy 919:946 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 919:952 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Mg2+ 202:205 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Cu2+ 224:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 cations 179:185 widespread underground water cations 150:185 widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ 150:227 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Fe2+ 208:211 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Pb2+ 214:217 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 1 44 theme water 173:177 arg1 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Ca2+ 196:199 Biodegradable bi-functional cellulose derivatives were synthesized to remove widespread underground water cations such as; Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+. 30030075 5 45 theme transfer 892:899 arg1 FT-IR 911:915 FT-IR 911:915 FT-IR 911:915 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 5 45 theme transfer 892:899 arg1 infrared 901:908 Fourier transfer infrared 884:908 Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR) 884:916 A possible reaction mechanism was deduced and the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). 30030075 4 46 theme obtained 633:640 arg1 Biodegradable 642:654 The obtained Biodegradable 629:654 The obtained Biodegradable 629:654 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30030075 2 47 theme graft 239:243 arg1 copolymerization 245:260 graft copolymerization 239:260 graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) 239:395 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 3 48 theme graft 501:505 arg1 copolymerization 507:522 graft copolymerization 501:522 graft copolymerization of cellulose 501:535 Then, cellulose/clay composites were prepared by graft copolymerization of cellulose using different montmorillonite concentrations such as 3, 6 and 9% weight/cellulose weight. 30030075 2 49 with monomers 287:294 arg1 Am 393:394 Am 393:394 Am 393:394 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 2 49 with monomers 287:294 arg1 acrylamide 381:390 acrylamide 381:390 acrylamide (Am) 381:395 Firstly, graft copolymerization of cellulose with binary monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) with acrylamide (Am) were achieved using potassium persulfate as initiator. 30030075 4 50 theme Cu 758:759 arg1 ions 761:764 Cu ions 758:764 Cu ions 758:764 The obtained Biodegradable grafted cellulose and their composites were used as adsorbents for the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Pb, and Cu ions individually from aqueous solutions. 30092131 6 0 theme pDNA 876:879 arg1 solutions 881:889 pDNA solutions 876:889 pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder 876:956 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 10 1 theme naked 1415:1419 arg1 powders 1434:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders 1404:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation 1404:1455 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 9 2 theme cytokines 1285:1293 arg1 activity 1242:1249 lactate dehydrogenase activity 1220:1249 lactate dehydrogenase activity 1220:1249 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 9 2 theme cytokines 1285:1293 arg1 concentration 1255:1267 concentration 1255:1267 concentration 1255:1267 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 3 3 theme adverse 483:489 arg1 effects 491:497 adverse effects 483:497 adverse effects 483:497 However, it is often the case that the addition of a vector results in adverse effects. 30092131 7 4 theme powder 994:999 arg1 expression 964:973 Gene expression 959:973 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder 959:999 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. 30092131 4 5 theme plasmid 555:561 arg1 DNA 563:565 dry naked plasmid DNA 545:565 dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 545:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 4 5 theme plasmid 555:561 arg1 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 0 6 theme Gene 71:74 arg1 Expression 76:85 High Gene Expression 66:85 High Gene Expression in the Lungs 66:98 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 10 7 theme dry 1411:1413 arg1 powders 1434:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders 1404:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation 1404:1455 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 4 8 theme naked 549:553 arg1 DNA 563:565 dry naked plasmid DNA 545:565 dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 545:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 4 8 theme naked 549:553 arg1 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 10 9 theme useful 1404:1409 arg1 powders 1434:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders 1404:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation 1404:1455 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 6 10 theme pDNA 946:949 arg1 powder 951:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 8 11 theme pDNA 1097:1100 arg1 powder 1102:1107 the pDNA powder 1093:1107 the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) 1093:1162 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 8 11 theme pDNA 1097:1100 arg1 excipient 1170:1178 an excipient 1167:1178 an excipient 1167:1178 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 8 11 theme pDNA 1097:1100 arg1 mice 1065:1068 the mice 1061:1068 the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient 1061:1178 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 6 12 theme reconstituted 932:944 arg1 powder 951:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 10 13 theme therapy 1565:1571 arg1 development 1535:1545 the development 1531:1545 the development of pulmonary gene therapy 1531:1571 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 3 14 theme vector 465:470 arg1 addition 451:458 the addition 447:458 the addition of a vector 447:470 However, it is often the case that the addition of a vector results in adverse effects. 30092131 6 15 theme powders 850:856 arg1 expression 825:834 The gene expression 816:834 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders 816:856 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 5 16 theme pDNA 755:758 arg1 powders 760:766 the naked pDNA powders 745:766 the naked pDNA powders 745:766 We prepared the naked pDNA powders by spray-freeze-drying with various excipients. 30092131 1 17 theme several 159:165 arg1 diseases 190:197 several intractable and lethal diseases 159:197 several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 159:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 4 18 theme DNA 563:565 arg1 powders 574:580 dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders 545:580 dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 545:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 6 19 theme pDNA 845:848 arg1 powders 850:856 naked pDNA powders 839:856 naked pDNA powders 839:856 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 9 20 from activity 1242:1249 arg1 fluid 1321:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 4 21 theme mice 727:730 arg1 lungs 718:722 the lungs 714:722 the lungs of mice 714:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 1 22 theme intractable 167:177 arg1 diseases 190:197 several intractable and lethal diseases 159:197 several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 159:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 0 23 theme pDNA 6:9 arg1 Powder 22:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder 0:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid 0:55 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 6 24 theme naked 839:843 arg1 powders 850:856 naked pDNA powders 839:856 naked pDNA powders 839:856 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 10 25 theme acid 1429:1432 arg1 powders 1434:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders 1404:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation 1404:1455 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 10 26 theme gene 1560:1563 arg1 therapy 1565:1571 pulmonary gene therapy 1550:1571 pulmonary gene therapy 1550:1571 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 8 27 theme highest 1191:1197 arg1 expression 1204:1213 the highest gene expression 1187:1213 the highest gene expression 1187:1213 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 0 28 theme Naked 0:4 arg1 Powder 22:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder 0:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid 0:55 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 9 29 dep activity 1242:1249 arg1 The 1216:1218 The 1216:1218 The 1216:1218 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 7 30 theme excipients 1037:1046 arg1 composition 1022:1032 the composition 1018:1032 the composition of excipients 1018:1046 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. 30092131 2 31 theme transfection 314:325 arg1 efficiencies 327:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 8 32 theme gene 1199:1202 arg1 expression 1204:1213 the highest gene expression 1187:1213 the highest gene expression 1187:1213 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 2 33 theme nucleolytic 383:393 arg1 enzymes 395:401 nucleolytic enzymes 383:401 nucleolytic enzymes 383:401 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 9 34 from concentration 1255:1267 arg1 fluid 1321:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 9 35 theme bronchoalveolar 1298:1312 arg1 lavage 1314:1319 bronchoalveolar lavage 1298:1319 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 2 36 theme gene 309:312 arg1 efficiencies 327:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 10 37 theme nucleic 1421:1427 arg1 powders 1434:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders 1404:1440 useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation 1404:1455 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 0 38 theme Inhalation 11:20 arg1 Powder 22:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder 0:27 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid 0:55 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 4 39 theme dry 545:547 arg1 DNA 563:565 dry naked plasmid DNA 545:565 dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 545:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 4 39 theme dry 545:547 arg1 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 pDNA 568:571 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 0 40 from Expression 76:85 arg1 Lungs 94:98 the Lungs 90:98 the Lungs 90:98 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 2 41 theme higher 302:307 arg1 efficiencies 327:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 higher gene transfection efficiencies 302:338 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 5 42 theme various 796:802 arg1 excipients 804:813 various excipients 796:813 various excipients 796:813 We prepared the naked pDNA powders by spray-freeze-drying with various excipients. 30092131 9 43 theme dehydrogenase 1228:1240 arg1 activity 1242:1249 lactate dehydrogenase activity 1220:1249 lactate dehydrogenase activity 1220:1249 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 6 44 theme pDNA 913:916 arg1 solution 918:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 2 45 theme Viral 246:250 arg1 vectors 265:271 Viral and nonviral vectors 246:271 vectors 265:271 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 1 46 theme lethal 183:188 arg1 diseases 190:197 several intractable and lethal diseases 159:197 several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 159:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 9 47 theme lavage 1314:1319 arg1 fluid 1321:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1298:1325 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 4 48 theme gene 626:629 arg1 expression 631:640 significantly higher gene expression 605:640 significantly higher gene expression 605:640 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 6 49 theme naked 907:911 arg1 solution 918:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 6 50 theme gene 820:823 arg1 expression 825:834 The gene expression 816:834 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders 816:856 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 4 51 with powders 574:580 arg1 vector 590:595 no vector 587:595 no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 587:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 8 52 theme hyaluronic 1142:1151 arg1 acid 1153:1156 low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid 1121:1156 low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) 1121:1162 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 8 52 theme hyaluronic 1142:1151 arg1 LHA 1159:1161 LHA 1159:1161 LHA 1159:1161 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 5 53 theme naked 749:753 arg1 powders 760:766 the naked pDNA powders 745:766 the naked pDNA powders 745:766 We prepared the naked pDNA powders by spray-freeze-drying with various excipients. 30092131 9 54 theme inflammatory 1272:1283 arg1 cytokines 1285:1293 inflammatory cytokines 1272:1293 inflammatory cytokines 1272:1293 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 1 55 theme Gene 101:104 arg1 strategy 142:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy 117:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 117:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 1 55 theme Gene 101:104 arg1 therapy 106:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 0 56 theme Hyaluronic 41:50 arg1 Acid 52:55 Hyaluronic Acid 41:55 Hyaluronic Acid 41:55 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 7 57 theme Gene 959:962 arg1 expression 964:973 Gene expression 959:973 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder 959:999 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. 30092131 7 58 theme naked 983:987 arg1 powder 994:999 each naked pDNA powder 978:999 each naked pDNA powder 978:999 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. 30092131 6 59 contain containing 891:900 arg2 solution 918:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 naked pDNA solution 907:925 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 6 59 contain containing 891:900 arg2 powder 951:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 reconstituted pDNA powder 932:956 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 6 59 contain containing 891:900 arg2 PEI 902:904 PEI 902:904 PEI 902:904 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 6 59 contain containing 891:900 arg1 solutions 881:889 pDNA solutions 876:889 pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder 876:956 The gene expression of naked pDNA powders exceeded those of pDNA solutions containing PEI, naked pDNA solution, and reconstituted pDNA powder. 30092131 4 60 theme pDNA 647:650 arg1 vectors 672:678 vectors 672:678 vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 672:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 4 60 theme pDNA 647:650 arg1 solutions 652:660 pDNA solutions 647:660 pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 647:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 4 61 from polyethylenimine 688:703 arg1 lungs 718:722 the lungs 714:722 the lungs of mice 714:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 1 62 theme established 222:232 arg1 treatments 234:243 established treatments 222:243 established treatments 222:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 7 63 theme pDNA 989:992 arg1 powder 994:999 each naked pDNA powder 978:999 each naked pDNA powder 978:999 Gene expression of each naked pDNA powder was dependent on the composition of excipients. 30092131 8 64 theme low-molecular-weight 1121:1140 arg1 acid 1153:1156 low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid 1121:1156 low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) 1121:1162 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 8 64 theme low-molecular-weight 1121:1140 arg1 LHA 1159:1161 LHA 1159:1161 LHA 1159:1161 Among them, the mice that were administered the pDNA powder composed of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LHA) as an excipient showed the highest gene expression. 30092131 1 65 theme treatment 132:140 arg1 strategy 142:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy 117:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 117:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 1 65 theme treatment 132:140 arg1 therapy 106:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 0 66 theme High 66:69 arg1 Expression 76:85 High Gene Expression 66:85 High Gene Expression in the Lungs 66:98 Naked pDNA Inhalation Powder Composed of Hyaluronic Acid Exhibits High Gene Expression in the Lungs. 30092131 2 67 theme nonviral 256:263 arg1 vectors 265:271 Viral and nonviral vectors 246:271 vectors 265:271 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 1 68 theme breakthrough 119:130 arg1 strategy 142:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy 117:149 a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments 117:243 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 1 68 theme breakthrough 119:130 arg1 therapy 106:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy 101:112 Gene therapy is a breakthrough treatment strategy against several intractable and lethal diseases that previously lacked established treatments. 30092131 4 69 theme higher 619:624 arg1 expression 631:640 significantly higher gene expression 605:640 significantly higher gene expression 605:640 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 30092131 9 70 theme ultrapure 1362:1370 arg1 water 1372:1376 ultrapure water 1362:1376 ultrapure water 1362:1376 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 10 71 theme new 1513:1515 arg1 insights 1517:1524 new insights 1513:1524 new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy 1513:1571 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 9 72 theme lactate 1220:1226 arg1 dehydrogenase 1228:1240 lactate dehydrogenase 1220:1240 lactate dehydrogenase activity 1220:1249 The lactate dehydrogenase activity and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were comparable to those caused by ultrapure water. 30092131 10 73 theme pulmonary 1550:1558 arg1 therapy 1565:1571 pulmonary gene therapy 1550:1571 pulmonary gene therapy 1550:1571 The results suggest that useful dry naked nucleic acid powders for inhalation could be created by optimizing the excipients, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary gene therapy. 30092131 2 74 theme gene 375:378 arg1 degradation 360:370 the degradation 356:370 the degradation of gene 356:378 Viral and nonviral vectors have been studied to realize higher gene transfection efficiencies and to suppress the degradation of gene by nucleolytic enzymes in vivo. 30092131 4 75 theme powders 574:580 arg1 formulations 529:540 formulations 529:540 formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice 529:730 In this study, we identified formulations of dry naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) powders with no vector showing significantly higher gene expression than pDNA solutions including vectors such as polyethylenimine (PEI) in the lungs of mice. 31887940 4 0 theme narrow 839:844 arg1 distribution 851:862 narrow size distribution 839:862 narrow size distribution (close to zero) 839:878 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 5 1 theme TQ 1037:1038 arg1 rate 1029:1032 the release rate 1017:1032 the release rate of TQ 1017:1038 The designed nano-carriers not only substantially entrapped the drug but also controlled the release rate of TQ. 31887940 4 2 theme TQ 924:925 arg1 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 2 theme TQ 924:925 arg1 size 823:826 requisite small particle size 798:826 requisite small particle size (<100 nm) 798:836 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 2 theme TQ 924:925 arg1 % 918:918 98.77 % 912:918 98.77 % 912:918 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 2 theme TQ 924:925 arg1 efficiency 900:909 high entrapment efficiency 884:909 high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 884:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 2 theme TQ 924:925 arg1 distribution 851:862 narrow size distribution 839:862 narrow size distribution (close to zero) 839:878 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 3 from employment 652:661 arg1 development 670:680 the development 666:680 the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles 666:712 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 2 4 theme wound 507:511 arg1 model 513:517 the excision wound model 494:517 the excision wound model 494:517 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 5 5 theme designed 932:939 arg1 nano-carriers 941:953 The designed nano-carriers 928:953 The designed nano-carriers 928:953 The designed nano-carriers not only substantially entrapped the drug but also controlled the release rate of TQ. 31887940 4 6 theme particle 814:821 arg1 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 6 theme particle 814:821 arg1 size 823:826 requisite small particle size 798:826 requisite small particle size (<100 nm) 798:836 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 6 7 theme wound 1094:1098 arg1 healing 1100:1106 wound healing 1094:1106 superior wound healing efficacy 1085:1115 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg1 composition 779:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition 750:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 750:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg2 distribution 851:862 narrow size distribution 839:862 narrow size distribution (close to zero) 839:878 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg2 efficiency 900:909 high entrapment efficiency 884:909 high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 884:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg2 % 918:918 98.77 % 912:918 98.77 % 912:918 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg2 size 823:826 requisite small particle size 798:826 requisite small particle size (<100 nm) 798:836 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 8 contain having 791:796 arg2 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 2 9 theme excision 498:505 arg1 model 513:517 the excision wound model 494:517 the excision wound model 494:517 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 1 10 theme wound 342:346 arg1 sites 348:352 the wound sites 338:352 the wound sites 338:352 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 11 theme size 846:849 arg1 distribution 851:862 narrow size distribution 839:862 narrow size distribution (close to zero) 839:878 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 0 12 theme preclinical 117:127 arg1 evaluation 129:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 12 theme preclinical 117:127 arg1 micelles 44:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles 26:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation 26:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 6 13 theme native 1124:1129 arg1 TQ 1131:1132 the native TQ 1120:1132 the native TQ 1120:1132 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 1 14 theme thymoquinone 177:188 arg1 activity 165:172 the wound healing activity 147:172 the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) 147:193 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 15 theme micelles 705:712 arg1 development 670:680 the development 666:680 the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles 666:712 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 0 16 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 thymoquinone 6:17 Novel thymoquinone 0:17 Novel thymoquinone 0:17 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 4 17 theme polymeric 695:703 arg1 micelles 705:712 TQ loaded polymeric micelles 685:712 TQ loaded polymeric micelles 685:712 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 2 18 theme wound 423:427 arg1 healing 429:435 wound healing 423:435 wound healing 423:435 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 1 19 theme low 275:277 arg1 solubility 287:296 the inherently low aqueous solubility 260:296 the inherently low aqueous solubility 260:296 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 20 theme small 808:812 arg1 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 20 theme small 808:812 arg1 size 823:826 requisite small particle size 798:826 requisite small particle size (<100 nm) 798:836 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 21 theme Self-assembly 717:729 arg1 method 731:736 Self-assembly method 717:736 Self-assembly method 717:736 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 22 theme requisite 798:806 arg1 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 <100 nm 829:835 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 22 theme requisite 798:806 arg1 size 823:826 requisite small particle size 798:826 requisite small particle size (<100 nm) 798:836 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 1 23 theme aqueous 279:285 arg1 solubility 287:296 the inherently low aqueous solubility 260:296 the inherently low aqueous solubility 260:296 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 3 24 theme micelle 619:625 arg1 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 24 theme micelle 619:625 arg1 concentration 627:639 low critical micelle concentration 606:639 low critical micelle concentration (CMC) 606:645 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 25 theme co-block 533:540 arg1 polymer 542:548 the co-block polymer 529:548 the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin 529:578 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 2 26 theme chitosan-lecithin 392:408 arg1 micelles 410:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles 382:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing 382:435 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 4 27 dep distribution 851:862 arg1 zero 874:877 zero 874:877 zero 874:877 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 28 theme entrapment 889:898 arg1 efficiency 900:909 high entrapment efficiency 884:909 high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 884:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 28 theme entrapment 889:898 arg1 % 918:918 98.77 % 912:918 98.77 % 912:918 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 5 29 theme release 1021:1027 arg1 rate 1029:1032 the release rate 1017:1032 the release rate of TQ 1017:1038 The designed nano-carriers not only substantially entrapped the drug but also controlled the release rate of TQ. 31887940 3 30 theme soya 566:569 arg1 lecithin 571:578 soya lecithin 566:578 soya lecithin 566:578 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 6 31 theme Silver 1138:1143 arg1 Sulphadiazine 1145:1157 Silver Sulphadiazine 1138:1157 Silver Sulphadiazine 1138:1157 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 2 32 theme loaded 385:390 arg1 micelles 410:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles 382:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing 382:435 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 4 33 theme high 884:887 arg1 efficiency 900:909 high entrapment efficiency 884:909 high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 884:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 33 theme high 884:887 arg1 % 918:918 98.77 % 912:918 98.77 % 912:918 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 3 34 theme low 606:608 arg1 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 34 theme low 606:608 arg1 concentration 627:639 low critical micelle concentration 606:639 low critical micelle concentration (CMC) 606:645 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 0 35 theme chitosan-lecithin 26:42 arg1 Development 82:92 Development 82:92 Development 82:92 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 35 theme chitosan-lecithin 26:42 arg1 evaluation 129:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 35 theme chitosan-lecithin 26:42 arg1 characterization 95:110 characterization 95:110 characterization 95:110 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 35 theme chitosan-lecithin 26:42 arg1 micelles 44:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles 26:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation 26:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 2 36 theme TQ 382:383 arg1 micelles 410:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles 382:417 TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing 382:435 To address these problems, TQ loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for wound healing were prepared and its efficacy was determined in vivo in the excision wound model. 31887940 0 37 theme wound 67:71 arg1 healing 73:79 effective wound healing 57:79 effective wound healing 57:79 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 3 38 theme critical 610:617 arg1 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 38 theme critical 610:617 arg1 concentration 627:639 low critical micelle concentration 606:639 low critical micelle concentration (CMC) 606:645 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 39 theme chitosan 553:560 arg1 polymer 542:548 the co-block polymer 529:548 the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin 529:578 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 6 40 theme TQ-polymeric 1045:1056 arg1 hydrogel 1066:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel 1041:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel 1041:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 6 41 theme superior 1085:1092 arg1 efficacy 1108:1115 superior wound healing efficacy 1085:1115 superior wound healing efficacy 1085:1115 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 0 42 theme effective 57:65 arg1 healing 73:79 effective wound healing 57:79 effective wound healing 57:79 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 43 dep micelles 44:51 arg1 Development 82:92 Development 82:92 Development 82:92 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 43 dep micelles 44:51 arg1 evaluation 129:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 preclinical evaluation 117:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 43 dep micelles 44:51 arg1 micelles 44:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles 26:51 chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation 26:138 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 0 43 dep micelles 44:51 arg1 characterization 95:110 characterization 95:110 characterization 95:110 Novel thymoquinone loaded chitosan-lecithin micelles for effective wound healing: Development, characterization, and preclinical evaluation. 31887940 1 44 theme suboptimal 312:321 arg1 exposure 326:333 suboptimal TQ exposure 312:333 suboptimal TQ exposure 312:333 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 45 theme polymeric 761:769 arg1 composition 779:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition 750:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 750:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 3 46 theme lecithin 571:578 arg1 polymer 542:548 the co-block polymer 529:548 the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin 529:578 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 4 47 theme loaded 688:693 arg1 micelles 705:712 TQ loaded polymeric micelles 685:712 TQ loaded polymeric micelles 685:712 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 6 48 theme healing 1100:1106 arg1 efficacy 1108:1115 superior wound healing efficacy 1085:1115 superior wound healing efficacy 1085:1115 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 4 49 dep loaded 688:693 arg1 TQ 685:686 TQ 685:686 TQ 685:686 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 4 50 theme stable 754:759 arg1 composition 779:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition 750:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 750:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 6 51 theme micelle 1058:1064 arg1 hydrogel 1066:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel 1041:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel 1041:1073 The TQ-polymeric micelle hydrogel exhibited superior wound healing efficacy to the native TQ and Silver Sulphadiazine. 31887940 1 52 theme clinical 214:221 arg1 effectiveness 223:235 its clinical effectiveness 210:235 its clinical effectiveness 210:235 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 53 dep zero 874:877 arg1 to 871:872 to 871:872 to 871:872 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 1 54 theme wound 151:155 arg1 healing 157:163 the wound healing 147:163 the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) 147:193 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 3 55 contain has 602:604 arg2 concentration 627:639 low critical micelle concentration 606:639 low critical micelle concentration (CMC) 606:645 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 55 contain has 602:604 arg2 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 CMC 642:644 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 3 55 contain has 602:604 arg1 which 596:600 which 596:600 which 596:600 Firstly, the co-block polymer of chitosan and soya lecithin was synthesized which has low critical micelle concentration (CMC). 31887940 1 56 theme TQ 323:324 arg1 exposure 326:333 suboptimal TQ exposure 312:333 suboptimal TQ exposure 312:333 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 31887940 4 57 theme micelle 771:777 arg1 composition 779:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition 750:789 the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ 750:925 Its employment in the development of TQ loaded polymeric micelles by Self-assembly method resulted in the stable polymeric micelle composition having requisite small particle size (<100 nm), narrow size distribution (close to zero) and high entrapment efficiency (98.77 %) of TQ. 31887940 1 58 theme healing 157:163 arg1 activity 165:172 the wound healing activity 147:172 the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) 147:193 While the wound healing activity of thymoquinone (TQ) is well known, its clinical effectiveness remains limited due to the inherently low aqueous solubility, resulting in suboptimal TQ exposure in the wound sites. 29580385 1 0 theme gelatin 163:169 arg1 functionalization 124:140 the functionalization 120:140 the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin 120:169 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 1 1 theme adipose 271:277 arg1 engineering 286:296 adipose tissue engineering 271:296 adipose tissue engineering 271:296 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 5 2 theme in 837:838 arg1 assays 863:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays 833:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays 833:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 5 3 link tissue-derived 929:942 arg1 cells 961:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells 921:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 921:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 1 4 theme tissue 279:284 arg1 engineering 286:296 adipose tissue engineering 271:296 adipose tissue engineering 271:296 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 4 5 theme crosslinking 804:815 arg1 method 817:822 the crosslinking method 800:822 the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied 764:830 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends could be tuned by varying the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied. 29580385 6 6 theme gelatin 1070:1076 arg1 blends 1060:1065 the blends 1056:1065 the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan 1056:1094 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 5 7 theme mesenchymal 944:954 arg1 cells 961:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells 921:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 921:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 6 8 theme tissue 1163:1168 arg1 terms 1146:1150 terms 1146:1150 terms of adipose tissue engineering potential 1146:1190 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 1 9 theme extracellular 174:186 arg1 polysaccharide 195:208 extracellular matrix polysaccharide 174:208 extracellular matrix polysaccharide 174:208 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 6 10 theme κ-carrageenan 1082:1094 arg1 blends 1060:1065 the blends 1056:1065 the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan 1056:1094 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 1 11 theme matrix 188:193 arg1 polysaccharide 195:208 extracellular matrix polysaccharide 174:208 extracellular matrix polysaccharide 174:208 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 2 12 theme photo-initiator 501:515 arg1 presence 487:494 the presence 483:494 the presence of a photo-initiator 483:515 More specifically, κ-carrageenan as well as gelatin have been functionalized with methacrylate and methacrylamide moieties respectively to enable subsequent UV-induced crosslinking in the presence of a photo-initiator. 29580385 6 13 from hydrogels 1133:1141 arg1 terms 1146:1150 terms 1146:1150 terms of adipose tissue engineering potential 1146:1190 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 5 14 dep blends 983:988 arg1 compared 993:1000 compared 993:1000 compared to the one-component hydrogels 993:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 5 15 theme cells 961:965 arg1 viability 908:916 a significantly higher cell viability 880:916 a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 880:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 0 16 theme Synergistic 0:10 arg1 effect 12:17 Synergistic effect 0:17 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin 0:46 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin blends towards adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 4 17 theme blends 731:736 arg1 properties 713:722 The mechanical and swelling properties 685:722 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends 685:736 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends could be tuned by varying the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied. 29580385 1 18 theme current 95:101 arg1 paper 103:107 The current paper 91:107 The current paper 91:107 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 6 19 theme adipose 1155:1161 arg1 tissue 1163:1168 adipose tissue 1155:1168 adipose tissue engineering potential 1155:1190 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 0 20 theme κ-carrageenan 22:34 arg1 effect 12:17 Synergistic effect 0:17 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin 0:46 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin blends towards adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 5 21 theme one-component 1009:1021 arg1 hydrogels 1023:1031 the one-component hydrogels 1005:1031 the one-component hydrogels 1005:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 3 22 theme one-component 602:614 arg1 hydrogels 616:624 the one-component hydrogels 598:624 the one-component hydrogels 598:624 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 23 theme gel 522:524 arg1 fraction 526:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 5 24 theme cell 903:906 arg1 viability 908:916 a significantly higher cell viability 880:916 a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 880:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 5 25 dep in 837:838 arg1 vitro 840:844 vitro 840:844 vitro 840:844 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 3 26 theme hydrogels 616:624 arg1 properties 579:588 the mechanical properties 564:588 the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends 564:662 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 26 theme hydrogels 616:624 arg1 ratio 554:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 26 theme hydrogels 616:624 arg1 fraction 526:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 0 27 theme gelatin 40:46 arg1 effect 12:17 Synergistic effect 0:17 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin 0:46 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin blends towards adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 4 28 theme hydrogel 768:775 arg1 composition 777:787 the hydrogel composition 764:787 the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied 764:830 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends could be tuned by varying the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied. 29580385 5 29 theme adipose 921:927 arg1 cells 961:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells 921:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 921:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 2 30 theme subsequent 445:454 arg1 crosslinking 467:478 subsequent UV-induced crosslinking 445:478 subsequent UV-induced crosslinking 445:478 More specifically, κ-carrageenan as well as gelatin have been functionalized with methacrylate and methacrylamide moieties respectively to enable subsequent UV-induced crosslinking in the presence of a photo-initiator. 29580385 5 31 theme biocompatibility 846:861 arg1 assays 863:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays 833:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays 833:868 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 5 32 theme higher 896:901 arg1 viability 908:916 a significantly higher cell viability 880:916 a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 880:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 2 33 theme UV-induced 456:465 arg1 crosslinking 467:478 subsequent UV-induced crosslinking 445:478 subsequent UV-induced crosslinking 445:478 More specifically, κ-carrageenan as well as gelatin have been functionalized with methacrylate and methacrylamide moieties respectively to enable subsequent UV-induced crosslinking in the presence of a photo-initiator. 29580385 3 34 theme protein/polysaccharide 634:655 arg1 blends 657:662 the protein/polysaccharide blends 630:662 the protein/polysaccharide blends 630:662 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 35 theme mass 540:543 arg1 ratio 554:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 36 theme blends 657:662 arg1 properties 579:588 the mechanical properties 564:588 the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends 564:662 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 36 theme blends 657:662 arg1 ratio 554:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 36 theme blends 657:662 arg1 fraction 526:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction 518:533 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 3 37 theme swelling 545:552 arg1 ratio 554:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 the mass swelling ratio 536:558 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 6 38 theme one-component 1119:1131 arg1 hydrogels 1133:1141 the one-component hydrogels 1115:1141 the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential 1115:1190 The results show that the blends of gelatin and κ-carrageenan clearly outperform the one-component hydrogels in terms of adipose tissue engineering potential. 29580385 3 39 theme mechanical 568:577 arg1 properties 579:588 the mechanical properties 564:588 the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends 564:662 The gel fraction, the mass swelling ratio and the mechanical properties of both the one-component hydrogels and the protein/polysaccharide blends have been evaluated. 29580385 1 40 theme hydrogel 252:259 arg1 films 261:265 hydrogel films 252:265 hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering 252:296 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 0 41 theme tissue 71:76 arg1 engineering 78:88 adipose tissue engineering 63:88 adipose tissue engineering 63:88 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin blends towards adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 5 42 theme tissue-derived 929:942 arg1 cells 961:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells 921:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 921:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 4 43 theme swelling 704:711 arg1 properties 713:722 The mechanical and swelling properties 685:722 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends 685:736 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends could be tuned by varying the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied. 29580385 1 44 theme κ-carrageenan 145:157 arg1 functionalization 124:140 the functionalization 120:140 the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin 120:169 The current paper focuses on the functionalization of κ-carrageenan and gelatin as extracellular matrix polysaccharide and protein mimic respectively to produce hydrogel films for adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 5 45 theme stem 956:959 arg1 cells 961:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells 921:965 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels 921:1031 The in vitro biocompatibility assays indicated a significantly higher cell viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto the blends as compared to the one-component hydrogels. 29580385 4 46 theme mechanical 689:698 arg1 properties 713:722 The mechanical and swelling properties 685:722 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends 685:736 The mechanical and swelling properties of the blends could be tuned by varying the hydrogel composition as well as the crosslinking method applied. 29580385 0 47 theme adipose 63:69 arg1 engineering 78:88 adipose tissue engineering 63:88 adipose tissue engineering 63:88 Synergistic effect of κ-carrageenan and gelatin blends towards adipose tissue engineering. 29580385 2 48 theme methacrylamide 398:411 arg1 moieties 413:420 methacrylamide moieties 398:420 methacrylamide moieties 398:420 More specifically, κ-carrageenan as well as gelatin have been functionalized with methacrylate and methacrylamide moieties respectively to enable subsequent UV-induced crosslinking in the presence of a photo-initiator. 30507075 6 0 theme physicochemical 906:920 arg1 properties 922:931 good physicochemical properties 901:931 good physicochemical properties 901:931 RESULTS NMPs exhibited good physicochemical properties and low cytotoxicity. 30507075 14 1 theme gene 2008:2011 arg1 therapy 2013:2019 OA gene therapy 2005:2019 OA gene therapy 2005:2019 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 4 2 theme matrix 708:713 arg1 expression 729:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 12 3 theme ECM 1591:1593 arg1 expression 1565:1574 the expression 1561:1574 the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05) 1561:1610 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 1 4 theme GDF-5 268:272 arg1 plasmid 275:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid 231:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 231:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 13 5 theme ECM 1750:1752 arg1 proteins 1754:1761 ECM proteins 1750:1761 ECM proteins 1750:1761 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 30507075 6 6 theme good 901:904 arg1 properties 922:931 good physicochemical properties 901:931 good physicochemical properties 901:931 RESULTS NMPs exhibited good physicochemical properties and low cytotoxicity. 30507075 14 7 theme OA 2005:2006 arg1 therapy 2013:2019 OA gene therapy 2005:2019 OA gene therapy 2005:2019 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 12 8 theme biochemical 1641:1651 arg1 composition 1653:1663 the biochemical composition 1637:1663 the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM 1637:1682 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 4 9 theme extracellular 694:706 arg1 ECM 716:718 ECM 716:718 ECM 716:718 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 4 9 theme extracellular 694:706 arg1 matrix 708:713 extracellular matrix 694:713 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 8 10 theme % 1124:1124 arg1 % 1128:1128 75%-99% 1122:1128 75%-99% 1122:1128 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 9 11 from % 1257:1257 arg1 group 1270:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 9 11 from % 1257:1257 arg1 group 1236:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 11 12 theme ECM 1457:1459 arg1 expression 1469:1478 ECM protein expression 1457:1478 ECM protein expression 1457:1478 Immunohistochemical staining results suggested that NMPs can successfully transfect chondrocytes and stimulate ECM protein expression in vitro. 30507075 3 13 theme electrostatic 538:550 arg1 adsorption 552:561 electrostatic adsorption 538:561 electrostatic adsorption 538:561 GDF-5 plasmid was encapsulated in the NMPs through electrostatic adsorption. 30507075 4 14 from effects 683:689 arg1 expression 729:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 0 15 theme growth 94:99 arg1 plasmid 130:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 4 16 theme NMPs 597:600 arg1 characteristics 574:588 The basic characteristics 564:588 The basic characteristics of the NMPs 564:600 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 0 17 theme factor-5 121:128 arg1 plasmid 130:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 1 18 theme gene 364:367 arg1 therapy 369:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 13 19 from expression 1736:1745 arg1 chondrocytes 1766:1777 chondrocytes 1766:1777 chondrocytes 1766:1777 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 30507075 7 20 theme average 961:967 arg1 diameter 969:976 Their average diameter 955:976 Their average diameter 955:976 Their average diameter was (0.61±0.20) μm, and encapsulation efficiency was (38.19±0.36)%. 30507075 9 21 theme liposome 1227:1234 arg1 group 1236:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 0 22 theme differentiation 105:119 arg1 plasmid 130:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid 94:136 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 0 23 theme hyaluronic 45:54 arg1 acid 56:59 hyaluronic acid 45:59 hyaluronic acid 45:59 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 0 24 contain containing 24:33 arg2 acid 56:59 hyaluronic acid 45:59 hyaluronic acid 45:59 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 0 24 contain containing 24:33 arg2 chitosan 35:42 chitosan 35:42 chitosan 35:42 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 0 24 contain containing 24:33 arg1 nano-microspheres 6:22 Novel nano-microspheres 0:22 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate 0:84 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 0 24 contain containing 24:33 arg2 sulfate 78:84 chondroitin sulfate 66:84 chondroitin sulfate 66:84 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 12 25 from expression 1565:1574 arg1 vivo 1598:1601 vivo 1598:1601 vivo (P<0.05) 1598:1610 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 12 25 from expression 1565:1574 arg1 P<0.05 1604:1609 P<0.05 1604:1609 P<0.05 1604:1609 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 12 26 theme chondrocyte 1579:1589 arg1 ECM 1591:1593 chondrocyte ECM 1579:1593 chondrocyte ECM 1579:1593 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 6 27 theme low 937:939 arg1 cytotoxicity 941:952 low cytotoxicity 937:952 low cytotoxicity 937:952 RESULTS NMPs exhibited good physicochemical properties and low cytotoxicity. 30507075 2 28 theme hyaluronic 445:454 arg1 acid 456:459 hyaluronic acid 445:459 hyaluronic acid 445:459 METHODS Nano-microspheres (NMPs) were prepared by mixing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate. 30507075 4 29 theme basic 568:572 arg1 characteristics 574:588 The basic characteristics 564:588 The basic characteristics of the NMPs 564:600 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 13 30 theme model 1717:1721 arg1 rabbits 1723:1729 OA model rabbits 1714:1729 OA model rabbits 1714:1729 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 30507075 8 31 theme cell 1103:1106 arg1 viability 1108:1116 relative cell viability 1094:1116 relative cell viability 1094:1116 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 6 32 theme RESULTS 878:884 arg1 NMPs 886:889 RESULTS NMPs 878:889 RESULTS NMPs 878:889 RESULTS NMPs exhibited good physicochemical properties and low cytotoxicity. 30507075 1 33 theme novel 196:200 arg1 vector 212:217 a novel non-viral vector 194:217 a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 194:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 0 34 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 nano-microspheres 6:22 Novel nano-microspheres 0:22 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate 0:84 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 1 35 theme chitosan 289:296 arg1 therapy 369:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 10 36 theme significant 1290:1300 arg1 difference 1302:1311 no significant difference 1287:1311 no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) 1287:1343 There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). 30507075 14 37 theme non-viral 1983:1991 arg1 vectors 1993:1999 promising non-viral vectors 1973:1999 promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy 1973:2019 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 13 38 theme OA 1714:1715 arg1 rabbits 1723:1729 OA model rabbits 1714:1729 OA model rabbits 1714:1729 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 30507075 1 39 theme non-viral 202:210 arg1 vector 212:217 a novel non-viral vector 194:217 a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 194:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 11 40 theme protein 1461:1467 arg1 expression 1469:1478 ECM protein expression 1457:1478 ECM protein expression 1457:1478 Immunohistochemical staining results suggested that NMPs can successfully transfect chondrocytes and stimulate ECM protein expression in vitro. 30507075 8 41 theme Counting 1064:1071 arg1 assay 1087:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 12 42 theme composition 1653:1663 arg1 analysis 1625:1632 analysis 1625:1632 analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM 1625:1682 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 8 43 theme NMPs 1155:1158 arg1 weight 1145:1150 the total weight 1135:1150 the total weight of NMPs 1135:1158 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 8 43 theme NMPs 1155:1158 arg1 less 1164:1167 less 1164:1167 less 1164:1167 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 9 44 theme NMP 1266:1268 arg1 group 1270:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 5 45 theme rabbits 818:824 arg1 cavities 806:813 the articular cavities 792:813 the articular cavities of rabbits 792:824 Finally, NMPs loaded with GDF-5 were injected into the articular cavities of rabbits to observe their therapeutic effects on OA in vivo. 30507075 1 46 theme hyaluronic 299:308 arg1 acid 310:313 hyaluronic acid 299:313 hyaluronic acid 299:313 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 8 47 theme Cell 1059:1062 arg1 assay 1087:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 9 48 from % 1220:1220 arg1 group 1270:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 the NMP group 1262:1274 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 9 48 from % 1220:1220 arg1 group 1236:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 a liposome group 1225:1240 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 2 49 theme chondroitin 466:476 arg1 sulfate 478:484 chondroitin sulfate 466:484 chondroitin sulfate 466:484 METHODS Nano-microspheres (NMPs) were prepared by mixing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate. 30507075 1 50 theme acid 310:313 arg1 therapy 369:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 0 51 theme gene 157:160 arg1 therapy 162:168 osteoarthritis gene therapy 142:168 osteoarthritis gene therapy 142:168 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 14 52 theme excellent 1912:1920 arg1 properties 1953:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 0 53 theme osteoarthritis 142:155 arg1 therapy 162:168 osteoarthritis gene therapy 142:168 osteoarthritis gene therapy 142:168 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 13 54 theme OA 1829:1830 arg1 progression 1814:1824 the progression 1810:1824 the progression of OA 1810:1830 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 30507075 7 55 theme encapsulation 1002:1014 arg1 efficiency 1016:1025 encapsulation efficiency 1002:1025 encapsulation efficiency 1002:1025 Their average diameter was (0.61±0.20) μm, and encapsulation efficiency was (38.19±0.36)%. 30507075 1 56 theme growth 231:236 arg1 plasmid 275:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid 231:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 231:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 14 57 theme physicochemical 1922:1936 arg1 properties 1953:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 7 58 theme 38.19±0.36 1032:1041 arg1 % 1043:1043 % 1043:1043 % 1043:1043 Their average diameter was (0.61±0.20) μm, and encapsulation efficiency was (38.19±0.36)%. 30507075 12 59 theme control 1508:1514 arg1 groups 1516:1521 the control groups 1504:1521 the control groups 1504:1521 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 3 60 theme GDF-5 487:491 arg1 plasmid 493:499 GDF-5 plasmid 487:499 GDF-5 plasmid 487:499 GDF-5 plasmid was encapsulated in the NMPs through electrostatic adsorption. 30507075 8 61 theme Kit-8 1073:1077 arg1 assay 1087:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 1 62 theme chondroitin 320:330 arg1 sulfate 332:338 chondroitin sulfate 320:338 chondroitin sulfate 320:338 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 8 63 theme CCK-8 1080:1084 arg1 assay 1087:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay 1059:1091 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 9 64 theme Transfection 1182:1193 arg1 efficiency 1195:1204 Transfection efficiency 1182:1204 Transfection efficiency 1182:1204 Transfection efficiency was (62.0±2.1)% in a liposome group, and (60.0±1.8)% in the NMP group. 30507075 14 65 theme promising 1973:1981 arg1 vectors 1993:1999 promising non-viral vectors 1973:1999 promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy 1973:2019 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 1 66 theme sulfate 332:338 arg1 therapy 369:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 289:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 14 67 with NMPs 1902:1905 arg1 properties 1953:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 12 68 theme NMP 1528:1530 arg1 group 1532:1536 the NMP group 1524:1536 the NMP group 1524:1536 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 4 69 theme protein 721:727 arg1 expression 729:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression 694:738 The basic characteristics of the NMPs were observed, and then they were co-cultured with chondrocytes to observe their effects on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. 30507075 2 70 dep METHODS 378:384 arg1 NMPs 405:408 NMPs 405:408 NMPs 405:408 METHODS Nano-microspheres (NMPs) were prepared by mixing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate. 30507075 2 70 dep METHODS 378:384 arg1 Nano-microspheres 386:402 Nano-microspheres 386:402 METHODS Nano-microspheres (NMPs) 378:409 METHODS Nano-microspheres (NMPs) were prepared by mixing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate. 30507075 12 71 theme ECM 1680:1682 arg1 composition 1653:1663 the biochemical composition 1637:1663 the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM 1637:1682 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 11 72 theme Immunohistochemical 1346:1364 arg1 results 1375:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results 1346:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results 1346:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results suggested that NMPs can successfully transfect chondrocytes and stimulate ECM protein expression in vitro. 30507075 11 73 theme staining 1366:1373 arg1 results 1375:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results 1346:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results 1346:1381 Immunohistochemical staining results suggested that NMPs can successfully transfect chondrocytes and stimulate ECM protein expression in vitro. 30507075 1 74 theme differentiation 242:256 arg1 plasmid 275:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid 231:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 231:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 0 75 theme chondroitin 66:76 arg1 sulfate 78:84 chondroitin sulfate 66:84 chondroitin sulfate 66:84 Novel nano-microspheres containing chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate deliver growth and differentiation factor-5 plasmid for osteoarthritis gene therapy. 30507075 5 76 theme therapeutic 843:853 arg1 effects 855:861 their therapeutic effects 837:861 their therapeutic effects on OA 837:867 Finally, NMPs loaded with GDF-5 were injected into the articular cavities of rabbits to observe their therapeutic effects on OA in vivo. 30507075 12 77 theme chondrocyte 1668:1678 arg1 ECM 1680:1682 chondrocyte ECM 1668:1682 chondrocyte ECM 1668:1682 Compared with the control groups, the NMP group significantly promoted the expression of chondrocyte ECM in vivo (P<0.05), as shown by analysis of the biochemical composition of chondrocyte ECM. 30507075 14 78 theme biological 1942:1951 arg1 properties 1953:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 excellent physicochemical and biological properties 1912:1962 CONCLUSIONS Based on these data, we think that these NMPs with excellent physicochemical and biological properties could be promising non-viral vectors for OA gene therapy. 30507075 1 79 theme factor-5 258:265 arg1 plasmid 275:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid 231:281 growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy 231:375 OBJECTIVE To construct a novel non-viral vector loaded with growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) plasmid using chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate for osteoarthritis (OA) gene therapy. 30507075 8 80 theme relative 1094:1101 arg1 viability 1108:1116 relative cell viability 1094:1116 relative cell viability 1094:1116 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 8 81 theme total 1139:1143 arg1 weight 1145:1150 the total weight 1135:1150 the total weight of NMPs 1135:1158 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 8 81 theme total 1139:1143 arg1 less 1164:1167 less 1164:1167 less 1164:1167 According to Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, relative cell viability was 75%-99% when the total weight of NMPs was less than 560 μg. 30507075 5 82 from effects 855:861 arg1 OA 866:867 OA 866:867 OA 866:867 Finally, NMPs loaded with GDF-5 were injected into the articular cavities of rabbits to observe their therapeutic effects on OA in vivo. 30507075 5 83 theme articular 796:804 arg1 cavities 806:813 the articular cavities 792:813 the articular cavities of rabbits 792:824 Finally, NMPs loaded with GDF-5 were injected into the articular cavities of rabbits to observe their therapeutic effects on OA in vivo. 30507075 13 84 theme proteins 1754:1761 arg1 expression 1736:1745 the expression 1732:1745 the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes 1732:1777 When NMPs were injected into OA model rabbits, the expression of ECM proteins in chondrocytes was significantly promoted and the progression of OA was slowed down. 31062256 6 0 theme ρin 1214:1216 arg1 vivo= 0.574 1218:1228 ρin vivo= 0.574 1214:1228 ρin vivo= 0.574 1214:1228 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 0 theme ρin 1214:1216 arg1 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 4 1 theme polarized 710:718 arg1 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 1 theme polarized 710:718 arg1 densitometry 693:704 digital densitometry 685:704 digital densitometry 685:704 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 1 theme polarized 710:718 arg1 microscopy 726:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 1 2 theme compositional 236:248 arg1 changes 265:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 6 3 dep content 1114:1120 arg1 Val= 0.626 1202:1211 Val= 0.626 1202:1211 Val= 0.626 1202:1211 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 3 dep content 1114:1120 arg1 vivo= 0.574 1218:1228 ρin vivo= 0.574 1214:1228 ρin vivo= 0.574 1214:1228 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 3 dep content 1114:1120 arg1 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 3 dep content 1114:1120 arg1 vivo= 0.676 1150:1160 ρin vivo= 0.676 1146:1160 ρin vivo= 0.676 1146:1160 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 3 dep content 1114:1120 arg1 vitro 1127:1131 ρin vitro 1123:1131 ρin vitro 1123:1131 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 2 4 theme arthroscopic 356:367 arg1 spectroscopy 389:400 arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy 356:400 arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy 356:400 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 2 4 theme arthroscopic 356:367 arg1 NIR 384:386 NIR 384:386 NIR 384:386 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 5 5 theme neural 890:895 arg1 networks 897:904 ensemble neural networks 881:904 ensemble neural networks 881:904 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 5 5 theme neural 890:895 arg1 each 907:910 each 907:910 each 907:910 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 6 6 theme NIR 1236:1238 arg1 data 1249:1252 NIR spectral data 1236:1252 NIR spectral data 1236:1252 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 5 7 theme correlation 993:1003 arg1 ρ 1015:1015 ρ 1015:1015 ρ 1015:1015 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 5 7 theme correlation 993:1003 arg1 analysis 1005:1012 Spearman's correlation analysis 982:1012 Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ) 982:1016 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 1 8 theme cartilage 175:183 arg1 evaluation 151:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation 125:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage 125:183 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 2 9 theme orientation 534:544 arg1 angle 546:550 collagen orientation angle 525:550 collagen orientation angle 525:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 10 theme Network 74:80 arg1 Structure 82:90 Collagen Network Structure 65:90 Collagen Network Structure 65:90 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 3 11 theme cartilage 647:655 arg1 sites 664:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 7 12 from thickness 1409:1417 arg1 prediction 1298:1307 reliable prediction 1289:1307 reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1289:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 6 13 theme accurate 1049:1056 arg1 predictions 1058:1068 accurate predictions 1049:1068 accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) 1049:1229 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 8 14 theme NIR 1474:1476 arg1 spectroscopy 1478:1489 NIR spectroscopy 1474:1489 NIR spectroscopy 1474:1489 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 4 15 theme orientation 814:824 arg1 angle 826:830 collagen orientation angle 805:830 collagen orientation angle 805:830 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 7 16 from cartilage 1344:1352 arg1 prediction 1298:1307 reliable prediction 1289:1307 reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1289:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 2 17 theme in 441:442 arg1 evaluation 449:458 in vivo evaluation 441:458 in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle 441:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 2 18 theme proteoglycan 494:505 arg1 content 512:518 proteoglycan (PG) content 494:518 proteoglycan (PG) content 494:518 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 19 theme PG 790:791 arg1 content 793:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 20 theme Arthroscopic 0:11 arg1 Determination 13:25 Arthroscopic Determination 0:25 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 0:123 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 2 21 theme thickness 483:491 arg1 evaluation 449:458 in vivo evaluation 441:458 in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle 441:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 2 22 theme articular 463:471 arg1 thickness 483:491 articular cartilage thickness 463:491 articular cartilage thickness 463:491 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 1 23 theme arthroscopic 138:149 arg1 evaluation 151:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation 125:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage 125:183 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 7 24 theme superficial 1326:1336 arg1 cartilage 1344:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage 1326:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) 1326:1393 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 2 25 theme content 512:518 arg1 evaluation 449:458 in vivo evaluation 441:458 in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle 441:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 8 26 theme cartilage 1530:1538 arg1 degeneration 1540:1551 initial cartilage degeneration 1522:1551 initial cartilage degeneration 1522:1551 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 6 27 dep Val= 0.691 1134:1143 arg1 ρin 1191:1193 ρin vitro 1191:1199 ρin vitro 1191:1199 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 27 dep Val= 0.691 1134:1143 arg1 angle 1184:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 0 28 theme Proteoglycan 40:51 arg1 Content 53:59 Cartilage Proteoglycan Content 30:59 Cartilage Proteoglycan Content 30:59 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 6 29 theme reference 1089:1097 arg1 properties 1099:1108 full-thickness reference properties 1074:1108 full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) 1074:1229 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 2 30 theme PG 508:509 arg1 content 512:518 proteoglycan (PG) content 494:518 proteoglycan (PG) content 494:518 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 6 31 theme collagen 1163:1170 arg1 angle 1184:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 7 32 theme reliable 1289:1296 arg1 prediction 1298:1307 reliable prediction 1289:1307 reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1289:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 33 theme content 1315:1321 arg1 prediction 1298:1307 reliable prediction 1289:1307 reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1289:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 2 34 dep in 441:442 arg1 vivo 444:447 vivo 444:447 vivo 444:447 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 3 35 theme NIR 553:555 arg1 spectra 557:563 NIR spectra 553:563 NIR spectra 553:563 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 8 36 dep enhance 1497:1503 arg1 enable 1562:1567 enable 1562:1567 enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery 1562:1672 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 0 37 theme Collagen 65:72 arg1 Structure 82:90 Collagen Network Structure 65:90 Collagen Network Structure 65:90 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 7 38 dep superficial 1326:1336 arg1 % 1341:1341 25% 1339:1341 25% 1339:1341 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 8 39 theme boundary 1588:1595 arg1 demarcation 1569:1579 demarcation 1569:1579 demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery 1569:1672 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 1 40 theme osteoarthritis 314:327 arg1 progression 284:294 the progression 280:294 the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis 280:327 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 8 41 theme healthy 1605:1611 arg1 cartilage 1629:1637 healthy and compromised cartilage 1605:1637 healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery 1605:1672 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 8 42 theme compromised 1617:1627 arg1 cartilage 1629:1637 healthy and compromised cartilage 1605:1637 healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery 1605:1672 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 4 43 theme digital 685:691 arg1 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 43 theme digital 685:691 arg1 densitometry 693:704 digital densitometry 685:704 digital densitometry 685:704 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 43 theme digital 685:691 arg1 microscopy 726:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 1 44 theme early 230:234 arg1 changes 265:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 7 45 from prediction 1298:1307 arg1 cartilage 1344:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage 1326:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) 1326:1393 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 45 from prediction 1298:1307 arg1 thickness 1409:1417 cartilage thickness 1399:1417 cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1399:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 46 theme cartilage 1399:1407 arg1 thickness 1409:1417 cartilage thickness 1399:1417 cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1399:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 6 47 dep ρin 1191:1193 arg1 vitro 1195:1199 ρin vitro 1191:1199 ρin vitro 1191:1199 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 2 48 theme near-infrared 369:381 arg1 spectroscopy 389:400 arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy 356:400 arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy 356:400 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 2 48 theme near-infrared 369:381 arg1 NIR 384:386 NIR 384:386 NIR 384:386 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 7 49 dep cartilage 1344:1352 arg1 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 49 dep cartilage 1344:1352 arg1 vivo= 0.613 1382:1392 ρin vivo= 0.613 1378:1392 ρin vivo= 0.613 1378:1392 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 3 50 theme adjacent 622:629 arg1 cartilage 612:620 equine cartilage 605:620 equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites 605:668 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 5 51 theme different 921:929 arg1 architectures 931:943 two different architectures 917:943 two different architectures 917:943 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 7 52 theme ρin 1378:1380 arg1 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 Val= 0.650 1366:1375 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 52 theme ρin 1378:1380 arg1 vivo= 0.613 1382:1392 ρin vivo= 0.613 1378:1392 ρin vivo= 0.613 1378:1392 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 3 53 theme equine 605:610 arg1 cartilage 612:620 equine cartilage 605:620 equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites 605:668 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 7 54 dep thickness 1409:1417 arg1 ρin 1443:1445 ρin vivo= 0.596 1443:1457 ρin vivo= 0.596 1443:1457 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 54 dep thickness 1409:1417 arg1 Val= 0.797 1431:1440 Val= 0.797 1431:1440 Val= 0.797 1431:1440 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 6 55 theme spectral 1240:1247 arg1 data 1249:1252 NIR spectral data 1236:1252 NIR spectral data 1236:1252 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 3 56 theme repair 657:662 arg1 sites 664:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 1 57 theme articular 165:173 arg1 cartilage 175:183 articular cartilage 165:183 articular cartilage 165:183 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 6 58 theme full-thickness 1074:1087 arg1 properties 1099:1108 full-thickness reference properties 1074:1108 full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) 1074:1229 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 59 dep properties 1099:1108 arg1 content 1114:1120 PG content 1111:1120 PG content 1111:1120 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 4 60 theme superficial 759:769 arg1 content 793:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 61 theme Structure 82:90 arg1 Determination 13:25 Arthroscopic Determination 0:25 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 0:123 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 3 62 theme experimental 634:645 arg1 sites 664:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 experimental cartilage repair sites 634:668 NIR spectra were acquired in vivo and in vitro from equine cartilage adjacent to experimental cartilage repair sites. 31062256 5 63 theme ensemble 881:888 arg1 networks 897:904 ensemble neural networks 881:904 ensemble neural networks 881:904 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 5 63 theme ensemble 881:888 arg1 each 907:910 each 907:910 each 907:910 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 2 64 theme collagen 525:532 arg1 angle 546:550 collagen orientation angle 525:550 collagen orientation angle 525:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 65 theme light 720:724 arg1 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 65 theme light 720:724 arg1 densitometry 693:704 digital densitometry 685:704 digital densitometry 685:704 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 65 theme light 720:724 arg1 microscopy 726:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 66 theme Near-Infrared 97:109 arg1 Spectroscopy 111:122 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 97:122 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 97:122 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 6 67 theme ensemble 1023:1030 arg1 networks 1032:1039 The ensemble networks 1019:1039 The ensemble networks 1019:1039 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 4 68 theme collagen 805:812 arg1 angle 826:830 collagen orientation angle 805:830 collagen orientation angle 805:830 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 1 69 theme structural 254:263 arg1 changes 265:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 early compositional and structural changes 230:271 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 2 70 theme angle 546:550 arg1 evaluation 449:458 in vivo evaluation 441:458 in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle 441:550 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 71 used used 742:745 arg2 densitometry 693:704 digital densitometry 685:704 digital densitometry 685:704 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 71 used used 742:745 arg2 microscopy 726:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 polarized light microscopy 710:735 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 4 71 used used 742:745 arg2 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 reference 674:682 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 8 72 theme initial 1522:1528 arg1 degeneration 1540:1551 initial cartilage degeneration 1522:1551 initial cartilage degeneration 1522:1551 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 4 73 theme full-thickness 775:788 arg1 content 793:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 superficial and full-thickness PG content 759:799 As reference, digital densitometry and polarized light microscopy were used to evaluate superficial and full-thickness PG content and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 74 theme Cartilage 30:38 arg1 Content 53:59 Cartilage Proteoglycan Content 30:59 Cartilage Proteoglycan Content 30:59 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 1 75 theme Conventional 125:136 arg1 evaluation 151:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation 125:160 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage 125:183 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 31062256 6 76 theme PG 1111:1112 arg1 content 1114:1120 PG content 1111:1120 PG content 1111:1120 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 2 77 theme cartilage 473:481 arg1 thickness 483:491 articular cartilage thickness 463:491 articular cartilage thickness 463:491 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 8 78 theme degeneration 1540:1551 arg1 detection 1509:1517 the detection 1505:1517 the detection of initial cartilage degeneration 1505:1551 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 2 79 theme first 425:429 arg1 time 431:434 the first time 421:434 the first time 421:434 Therefore, in this study, arthroscopic near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is introduced, for the first time, for in vivo evaluation of articular cartilage thickness, proteoglycan (PG) content, and collagen orientation angle. 31062256 0 80 theme Content 53:59 arg1 Determination 13:25 Arthroscopic Determination 0:25 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 0:123 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 7 81 theme PG 1312:1313 arg1 content 1315:1321 PG content 1312:1321 PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1312:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 5 82 theme NIR 843:845 arg1 spectra 847:853 NIR spectra 843:853 NIR spectra 843:853 To relate NIR spectra and cartilage properties, ensemble neural networks, each with two different architectures, were trained and evaluated by using Spearman's correlation analysis (ρ). 31062256 7 83 from content 1315:1321 arg1 cartilage 1344:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage 1326:1352 superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) 1326:1393 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 7 83 from content 1315:1321 arg1 thickness 1409:1417 cartilage thickness 1399:1417 cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596) 1399:1458 In addition, the networks enabled reliable prediction of PG content in superficial (25%) cartilage (ρin vitro, Val= 0.650, ρin vivo= 0.613) and cartilage thickness (ρin vitro, Val= 0.797, ρin vivo= 0.596). 31062256 6 84 theme orientation 1172:1182 arg1 angle 1184:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 collagen orientation angle 1163:1188 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 0 85 with Determination 13:25 arg1 Spectroscopy 111:122 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 97:122 Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 97:122 Arthroscopic Determination of Cartilage Proteoglycan Content and Collagen Network Structure with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. 31062256 8 86 theme arthroscopic 1653:1664 arg1 surgery 1666:1672 arthroscopic surgery 1653:1672 arthroscopic surgery 1653:1672 To conclude, NIR spectroscopy could enhance the detection of initial cartilage degeneration and thus enable demarcation of the boundary between healthy and compromised cartilage tissue during arthroscopic surgery. 31062256 6 87 theme ρin 1146:1148 arg1 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 Val= 0.691 1134:1143 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 6 87 theme ρin 1146:1148 arg1 vivo= 0.676 1150:1160 ρin vivo= 0.676 1146:1160 ρin vivo= 0.676 1146:1160 The ensemble networks enabled accurate predictions for full-thickness reference properties (PG content: ρin vitro, Val= 0.691, ρin vivo= 0.676; collagen orientation angle: ρin vitro, Val= 0.626, ρin vivo= 0.574) from NIR spectral data. 31062256 1 88 theme post-traumatic 299:312 arg1 osteoarthritis 314:327 post-traumatic osteoarthritis 299:327 post-traumatic osteoarthritis 299:327 Conventional arthroscopic evaluation of articular cartilage is subjective and insufficient for assessing early compositional and structural changes during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. 29462429 10 0 theme presumptive 1290:1300 arg1 composition 1302:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 10 1 theme kidney-damaged 1202:1215 arg1 chickens 1217:1224 kidney-damaged chickens 1202:1224 kidney-damaged chickens 1202:1224 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 9 2 from biomarkers 1110:1119 arg1 birds 1124:1128 birds 1124:1128 birds 1124:1128 The plasma N-glycans were then analyzed to discover renal biomarkers in birds. 29462429 10 3 theme same 1285:1288 arg1 composition 1302:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 6 4 theme glycomics 692:700 arg1 approach 702:709 a glycomics approach 690:709 a glycomics approach 690:709 In this study, a glycomics approach was used to screen for renal biomarkers in chicken. 29462429 1 5 theme unique 145:150 arg1 structure 158:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 3 6 theme Uric 326:329 arg1 level 336:340 Uric acid level 326:340 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, 326:396 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 10 7 theme human 1326:1330 arg1 patients 1348:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 11 8 theme Glycan 1358:1363 arg1 levels 1365:1370 Glycan levels 1358:1370 Glycan levels 1358:1370 Glycan levels did not change remarkably in the cisplatin group. 29462429 3 9 theme acid 331:334 arg1 level 336:340 Uric acid level 326:340 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, 326:396 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 3 10 from level 336:340 arg1 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 3 10 from level 336:340 arg1 biomarker 387:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 5 11 used used 624:627 arg2 glycans 612:618 glycans 612:618 glycans 612:618 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 5 11 used used 624:627 arg2 biomarkers 632:641 biomarkers 632:641 biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma 632:672 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 1 12 theme Avian 124:128 arg1 species 130:136 Avian species 124:136 Avian species 124:136 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 0 13 theme diclofenac 100:109 arg1 administration 68:81 administration 68:81 administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens 68:121 A glycomics approach to discover novel renal biomarkers in birds by administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens. 29462429 7 14 theme interstitial 876:887 arg1 AIN 900:902 AIN 900:902 AIN 900:902 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 7 14 theme interstitial 876:887 arg1 nephritis 889:897 acute interstitial nephritis 870:897 acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) 870:903 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 10 15 theme diclofenac 1233:1242 arg1 group 1244:1248 the diclofenac group 1229:1248 the diclofenac group 1229:1248 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 1 16 theme renal 152:156 arg1 structure 158:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 4 17 from injury 497:502 arg1 birds 507:511 birds 507:511 birds 507:511 Therefore, early biomarkers for kidney injury in birds are needed. 29462429 1 18 contain have 138:141 arg2 flow 187:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 1 18 contain have 138:141 arg2 structure 158:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 a unique renal structure 143:166 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 1 18 contain have 138:141 arg1 species 130:136 Avian species 124:136 Avian species 124:136 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 7 19 theme damage 796:801 arg1 model 780:784 a chicken model 770:784 a chicken model of kidney damage 770:801 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 0 20 theme glycomics 2:10 arg1 approach 12:19 A glycomics approach 0:19 A glycomics approach 0:19 A glycomics approach to discover novel renal biomarkers in birds by administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens. 29462429 13 21 from AIN 1631:1633 arg1 species 1644:1650 avian species 1638:1650 avian species 1638:1650 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 9 22 theme plasma 1056:1061 arg1 N-glycans 1063:1071 The plasma N-glycans 1052:1071 The plasma N-glycans 1052:1071 The plasma N-glycans were then analyzed to discover renal biomarkers in birds. 29462429 13 23 theme useful 1609:1614 arg1 glycans 1585:1591 glycans 1585:1591 glycans 1585:1591 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 13 23 theme useful 1609:1614 arg1 biomarkers 1616:1625 potentially useful biomarkers 1597:1625 potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species 1597:1650 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 13 24 theme other 1561:1565 arg1 species 1567:1573 other species 1561:1573 other species of birds 1561:1582 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 10 25 theme pre- 1170:1173 arg1 administration 1184:1197 pre- and post administration 1170:1197 pre- and post administration 1170:1197 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 1 26 theme abundant 172:179 arg1 flow 187:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 6 27 used used 715:718 arg2 approach 702:709 a glycomics approach 690:709 a glycomics approach 690:709 In this study, a glycomics approach was used to screen for renal biomarkers in chicken. 29462429 4 28 theme early 469:473 arg1 biomarkers 475:484 early biomarkers 469:484 early biomarkers for kidney injury in birds 469:511 Therefore, early biomarkers for kidney injury in birds are needed. 29462429 7 29 theme tubular 915:921 arg1 ATN 933:935 ATN 933:935 ATN 933:935 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 7 29 theme tubular 915:921 arg1 necrosis 923:930 acute tubular necrosis 909:930 acute tubular necrosis (ATN) 909:936 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 7 30 theme kidney 789:794 arg1 damage 796:801 kidney damage 789:801 kidney damage 789:801 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 12 31 theme glycan 1463:1468 arg1 expression 1470:1479 glycan expression 1463:1479 glycan expression due to AIN 1463:1490 It is possible that there are changes in glycan expression due to AIN, but they do not reflect ATN. 29462429 1 32 theme blood 181:185 arg1 flow 187:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 abundant blood flow 172:190 Avian species have a unique renal structure and abundant blood flow into the kidneys. 29462429 4 33 theme kidney 490:495 arg1 injury 497:502 kidney injury 490:502 kidney injury in birds 490:511 Therefore, early biomarkers for kidney injury in birds are needed. 29462429 10 34 theme carcinoma 1338:1346 arg1 patients 1348:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 12 35 from changes 1452:1458 arg1 expression 1470:1479 glycan expression 1463:1479 glycan expression due to AIN 1463:1490 It is possible that there are changes in glycan expression due to AIN, but they do not reflect ATN. 29462429 13 36 theme avian 1638:1642 arg1 species 1644:1650 avian species 1638:1650 avian species 1638:1650 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 0 37 theme novel 33:37 arg1 biomarkers 45:54 novel renal biomarkers 33:54 novel renal biomarkers 33:54 A glycomics approach to discover novel renal biomarkers in birds by administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens. 29462429 10 38 theme renal 1332:1336 arg1 patients 1348:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 human renal carcinoma patients 1326:1355 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 6 39 theme renal 734:738 arg1 biomarkers 740:749 renal biomarkers 734:749 renal biomarkers in chicken 734:760 In this study, a glycomics approach was used to screen for renal biomarkers in chicken. 29462429 2 40 theme many 219:222 arg1 birds 224:228 many birds 219:228 many birds 219:228 Although many birds die due to nephrotoxicity caused by chemicals, there are no early biomarkers for renal lesions. 29462429 10 41 theme glycans 1144:1150 arg1 Levels 1131:1136 Levels 1131:1136 Levels of 14 glycans 1131:1150 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 3 42 theme renal 381:385 arg1 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 3 42 theme renal 381:385 arg1 biomarker 387:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 5 43 from forefront 562:570 arg1 humans 528:533 humans 528:533 humans 528:533 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 7 44 theme acute 909:913 arg1 ATN 933:935 ATN 933:935 ATN 933:935 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 7 44 theme acute 909:913 arg1 necrosis 923:930 acute tubular necrosis 909:930 acute tubular necrosis (ATN) 909:936 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 6 45 from biomarkers 740:749 arg1 chicken 754:760 chicken 754:760 chicken 754:760 In this study, a glycomics approach was used to screen for renal biomarkers in chicken. 29462429 7 46 theme acute 870:874 arg1 AIN 900:902 AIN 900:902 AIN 900:902 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 7 46 theme acute 870:874 arg1 nephritis 889:897 acute interstitial nephritis 870:897 acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) 870:903 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 8 47 theme chemical 1006:1013 arg1 test 1015:1018 a blood chemical test 998:1018 a blood chemical test 998:1018 The nephrotoxicity levels were determined by a blood chemical test and histopathological analysis. 29462429 0 48 theme cisplatin 86:94 arg1 administration 68:81 administration 68:81 administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens 68:121 A glycomics approach to discover novel renal biomarkers in birds by administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens. 29462429 5 49 theme biological 575:584 arg1 sciences 598:605 biological and medical sciences 575:605 biological and medical sciences 575:605 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 5 50 theme medical 590:596 arg1 sciences 598:605 biological and medical sciences 575:605 biological and medical sciences 575:605 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 2 51 theme renal 311:315 arg1 lesions 317:323 renal lesions 311:323 renal lesions 311:323 Although many birds die due to nephrotoxicity caused by chemicals, there are no early biomarkers for renal lesions. 29462429 0 52 theme renal 39:43 arg1 biomarkers 45:54 novel renal biomarkers 33:54 novel renal biomarkers 33:54 A glycomics approach to discover novel renal biomarkers in birds by administration of cisplatin and diclofenac to chickens. 29462429 10 53 contain had 1277:1279 arg2 composition 1302:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 the same presumptive composition 1281:1312 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 10 53 contain had 1277:1279 arg1 some 1255:1258 some 1255:1258 some 1255:1258 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 10 53 contain had 1277:1279 arg1 glycans 1269:1275 these glycans 1263:1275 these glycans 1263:1275 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 9 54 theme renal 1104:1108 arg1 biomarkers 1110:1119 renal biomarkers 1104:1119 renal biomarkers in birds 1104:1128 The plasma N-glycans were then analyzed to discover renal biomarkers in birds. 29462429 10 55 theme post 1179:1182 arg1 administration 1184:1197 pre- and post administration 1170:1197 pre- and post administration 1170:1197 Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients. 29462429 13 56 theme further 1531:1537 arg1 research 1539:1546 further research 1531:1546 further research 1531:1546 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 29462429 7 57 theme chicken 772:778 arg1 model 780:784 a chicken model 770:784 a chicken model of kidney damage 770:801 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 11 58 theme cisplatin 1405:1413 arg1 group 1415:1419 the cisplatin group 1401:1419 the cisplatin group 1401:1419 Glycan levels did not change remarkably in the cisplatin group. 29462429 3 59 used used 371:374 arg2 biomarker 387:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 a renal biomarker 379:395 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 3 59 used used 371:374 arg2 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 blood 345:349 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 8 60 theme nephrotoxicity 957:970 arg1 levels 972:977 The nephrotoxicity levels 953:977 The nephrotoxicity levels 953:977 The nephrotoxicity levels were determined by a blood chemical test and histopathological analysis. 29462429 8 61 theme blood 1000:1004 arg1 test 1015:1018 a blood chemical test 998:1018 a blood chemical test 998:1018 The nephrotoxicity levels were determined by a blood chemical test and histopathological analysis. 29462429 5 62 theme sciences 598:605 arg1 forefront 562:570 the forefront 558:570 the forefront of biological and medical sciences 558:605 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 7 63 theme cisplatin 847:855 arg1 injection 820:828 injection 820:828 injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively 820:950 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 2 64 theme early 290:294 arg1 biomarkers 296:305 no early biomarkers 287:305 no early biomarkers for renal lesions 287:323 Although many birds die due to nephrotoxicity caused by chemicals, there are no early biomarkers for renal lesions. 29462429 5 65 theme diseases 646:653 arg1 biomarkers 632:641 biomarkers 632:641 biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma 632:672 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 5 65 theme diseases 646:653 arg1 glycans 612:618 glycans 612:618 glycans 612:618 In humans, glycomics has been at the forefront of biological and medical sciences, and glycans are used as biomarkers of diseases, such as carcinoma. 29462429 3 66 theme kidney 418:423 arg1 function 425:432 the kidney function 414:432 the kidney function 414:432 Uric acid level in blood, which is generally used as a renal biomarker, is altered when the kidney function is damaged by over 70%. 29462429 7 67 theme diclofenac 833:842 arg1 injection 820:828 injection 820:828 injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively 820:950 First, a chicken model of kidney damage was generated by injection of diclofenac or cisplatin, which cause acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN), respectively. 29462429 8 68 theme histopathological 1024:1040 arg1 analysis 1042:1049 histopathological analysis 1024:1049 histopathological analysis 1024:1049 The nephrotoxicity levels were determined by a blood chemical test and histopathological analysis. 29462429 13 69 theme birds 1578:1582 arg1 species 1567:1573 other species 1561:1573 other species of birds 1561:1582 Although further research is needed in other species of birds, glycans are potentially useful biomarkers for AIN in avian species. 31526176 9 0 dep % 1323:1323 arg1 to 1315:1316 to 1315:1316 to 1315:1316 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 10 1 theme average 1446:1452 arg1 strength 1466:1473 the highest average compressive strength 1434:1473 the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa 1434:1484 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 2 2 theme osteogenic 367:376 arg1 properties 378:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 330:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold 330:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 1 3 theme bone 283:286 arg1 regeneration 288:299 bone regeneration 283:299 bone regeneration 283:299 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 6 4 theme total 962:966 arg1 polymer 968:974 total polymer 962:974 total polymer 962:974 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 12 5 theme higher 1835:1840 arg1 degree 1842:1847 A higher degree 1833:1847 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions 1833:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 11 6 theme osteoblast 1681:1690 arg1 adhesion 1692:1699 better osteoblast adhesion 1674:1699 better osteoblast adhesion 1674:1699 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 13 7 theme osteogenic 2073:2082 arg1 properties 2084:2093 osteogenic properties 2073:2093 osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold 2073:2122 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 8 8 theme scaffolds 1239:1247 arg1 size 1218:1221 average pore size 1205:1221 average pore size of the prepared scaffolds 1205:1247 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 6 9 theme % 957:957 arg1 extent 940:945 the extent 936:945 the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer 936:974 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 4 10 theme nano 712:715 arg1 particles 717:725 DCPA nano particles 707:725 DCPA nano particles 707:725 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 11 11 theme MTT 1735:1737 arg1 assay 1739:1743 MTT assay 1735:1743 MTT assay 1735:1743 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 10 12 theme 2.2 MPa 1478:1484 arg1 strength 1466:1473 the highest average compressive strength 1434:1473 the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa 1434:1484 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 1 13 theme based 191:195 arg1 scaffold 207:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 9 14 theme ceramic 1282:1288 arg1 content 1296:1302 nano ceramic phase content 1277:1302 nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1277:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 1 15 theme tailored 221:228 arg1 architectures 230:242 tailored architectures 221:242 tailored architectures 221:242 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 8 16 theme nanoparticles 1190:1202 arg1 addition 1173:1180 addition 1173:1180 addition of DCPA nanoparticles 1173:1202 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 6 17 theme solid 1012:1016 arg1 loading 1018:1024 solid loading 1012:1024 solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt% 1012:1057 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 4 18 theme phosphoric 772:781 arg1 acid 783:786 phosphoric acid 772:786 phosphoric acid 772:786 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 7 19 theme prepared 1064:1071 arg1 scaffold 1073:1080 The prepared scaffold 1060:1080 The prepared scaffold 1060:1080 The prepared scaffold showed interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer. 31526176 11 20 theme cultured 1813:1820 arg1 scaffolds 1822:1830 osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1802:1830 osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1802:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 0 21 theme calcium 66:72 arg1 phosphate 74:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate 51:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 9 22 theme total 1328:1332 arg1 polymer 1334:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 3 23 theme nano 656:659 arg1 particle 666:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 2 24 with matrix 507:512 arg1 variation 519:527 variation 519:527 variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds 519:568 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 11 25 theme better 1674:1679 arg1 adhesion 1692:1699 better osteoblast adhesion 1674:1699 better osteoblast adhesion 1674:1699 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 12 26 located observed 1940:1947 arg1 micrographs 1958:1968 FESEM micrographs 1952:1968 FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1952:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 26 located observed 1940:1947 arg2 degree 1842:1847 A higher degree 1833:1847 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions 1833:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 26 located observed 1940:1947 arg2 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 11 27 theme chitosan 1585:1592 arg1 scaffold 1594:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 12 28 theme cultured 1979:1986 arg1 DCPA 1988:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA 1973:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1973:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 0 29 theme added 84:88 arg1 gelatin-chitosan 90:105 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 1 30 theme calcium 173:179 arg1 phosphate 181:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 11 31 dep scaffolds 1547:1555 arg1 compared 1560:1567 compared 1560:1567 compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1560:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 1 32 dep Gelatin 146:152 arg1 scaffold 207:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 11 33 theme pure 1572:1575 arg1 scaffold 1594:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 9 34 theme compressive 1347:1357 arg1 strength 1359:1366 the compressive strength 1343:1366 the compressive strength of the scaffold 1343:1382 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 0 35 theme bone 121:124 arg1 engineering 133:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 13 36 theme dihydrogen 2167:2176 arg1 phosphate 2186:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate 2157:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it 2157:2216 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 11 37 theme Higher 1487:1492 arg1 activities 1503:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 2 38 theme scaffold 402:409 arg1 properties 378:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 330:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold 330:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 9 39 theme scaffold 1375:1382 arg1 strength 1359:1366 the compressive strength 1343:1366 the compressive strength of the scaffold 1343:1382 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 12 40 theme DCPA 1988:1991 arg1 micrographs 1958:1968 FESEM micrographs 1952:1968 FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1952:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 41 dep lamellopodia 1852:1863 arg1 extensions 1879:1888 extensions 1879:1888 extensions 1879:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 2 42 theme phosphate 450:458 arg1 DCPA 471:474 DCPA 471:474 DCPA 471:474 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 2 42 theme phosphate 450:458 arg1 anhydrous 460:468 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous 431:468 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles 431:489 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 12 43 theme FESEM 1952:1956 arg1 micrographs 1958:1968 FESEM micrographs 1952:1968 FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1952:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 2 44 theme dihydrogen 431:440 arg1 phosphate 450:458 dihydrogen calcium phosphate 431:458 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles 431:489 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 12 45 theme spreading 1901:1909 arg1 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 3 46 theme lyophilization 681:694 arg1 technique 696:704 lyophilization technique 681:704 lyophilization technique 681:704 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 0 47 theme nano 51:54 arg1 phosphate 74:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate 51:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 12 48 theme osteoblasts 1923:1933 arg1 degree 1842:1847 A higher degree 1833:1847 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions 1833:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 48 theme osteoblasts 1923:1933 arg1 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 6 49 theme DCPA 914:917 arg1 nanoparticles 919:931 DCPA nanoparticles 914:931 DCPA nanoparticles 914:931 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 11 50 theme DCPA 1633:1636 arg1 addition 1638:1645 nano DCPA addition 1628:1645 nano DCPA addition into the scaffold 1628:1663 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 4 51 from acid 783:786 arg1 medium 805:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 8 52 theme DCPA 1185:1188 arg1 nanoparticles 1190:1202 DCPA nanoparticles 1185:1202 DCPA nanoparticles 1185:1202 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 12 53 theme filopodia 1869:1877 arg1 degree 1842:1847 A higher degree 1833:1847 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions 1833:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 53 theme filopodia 1869:1877 arg1 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 10 54 theme % 1420:1420 arg1 DCPA 1422:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 2 55 theme 3D 392:393 arg1 scaffold 402:409 3D porous scaffold 392:409 3D porous scaffold 392:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 1 56 theme great 263:267 arg1 potential 269:277 great potential 263:277 great potential for bone regeneration 263:299 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 0 57 theme anhydrous 56:64 arg1 phosphate 74:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate 51:82 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 6 58 theme gelatin-chitosan 981:996 arg1 solution 998:1005 gelatin-chitosan solution 981:1005 gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt% 981:1057 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 5 59 theme phase 832:836 arg1 DCPA 843:846 phase pure DCPA 832:846 phase pure DCPA 832:846 XRD pattern showed phase pure DCPA in synthesized nanopowder. 31526176 10 60 theme containing 1404:1413 arg1 DCPA 1422:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 8 61 theme pore 1213:1216 arg1 size 1218:1221 average pore size 1205:1221 average pore size of the prepared scaffolds 1205:1247 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 6 62 theme polymer 968:974 arg1 % 957:957 5-10 wt% 950:957 5-10 wt% of total polymer 950:974 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 6 62 theme polymer 968:974 arg1 polymer 968:974 total polymer 962:974 total polymer 962:974 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 11 63 theme microscopic 1767:1777 arg1 investigation 1785:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 10 64 theme highest 1438:1444 arg1 strength 1466:1473 the highest average compressive strength 1434:1473 the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa 1434:1484 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 12 65 theme lamellopodia 1852:1863 arg1 degree 1842:1847 A higher degree 1833:1847 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions 1833:1888 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 65 theme lamellopodia 1852:1863 arg1 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 11 66 theme scanning 1749:1756 arg1 investigation 1785:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 8 67 theme prepared 1230:1237 arg1 scaffolds 1239:1247 the prepared scaffolds 1226:1247 the prepared scaffolds 1226:1247 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 4 68 theme DCPA 707:710 arg1 particles 717:725 DCPA nano particles 707:725 DCPA nano particles 707:725 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 5 69 theme pure 838:841 arg1 DCPA 843:846 phase pure DCPA 832:846 phase pure DCPA 832:846 XRD pattern showed phase pure DCPA in synthesized nanopowder. 31526176 9 70 theme nano 1277:1280 arg1 content 1296:1302 nano ceramic phase content 1277:1302 nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1277:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 2 71 theme physico 334:340 arg1 properties 378:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 330:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold 330:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 1 72 theme composite 197:205 arg1 scaffold 207:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 based composite scaffold 191:214 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 6 73 with solution 998:1005 arg1 loading 1018:1024 solid loading 1012:1024 solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt% 1012:1057 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 9 74 theme phase 1290:1294 arg1 content 1296:1302 nano ceramic phase content 1277:1302 nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1277:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 2 75 from variation 519:527 arg1 composition 532:542 composition 532:542 composition 532:542 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 2 75 from variation 519:527 arg1 scaffolds 560:568 the prepared scaffolds 547:568 the prepared scaffolds 547:568 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 13 76 theme gelatin-chitosan 2098:2113 arg1 scaffold 2115:2122 gelatin-chitosan scaffold 2098:2122 gelatin-chitosan scaffold 2098:2122 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 7 77 theme varying 1128:1134 arg1 size 1123:1126 pore size varying 1118:1134 pore size varying 1118:1134 The prepared scaffold showed interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer. 31526176 13 78 theme mechanical 2049:2058 arg1 strength 2060:2067 mechanical strength 2049:2067 mechanical strength 2049:2067 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 13 79 theme nanoparticles 2196:2208 arg1 addition 2145:2152 addition 2145:2152 addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it 2145:2216 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 7 80 theme pore 1118:1121 arg1 size 1123:1126 pore size varying 1118:1134 pore size varying 1118:1134 The prepared scaffold showed interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer. 31526176 9 81 theme % 1313:1313 arg1 % 1323:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% 1309:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1309:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 9 81 theme % 1313:1313 arg1 polymer 1334:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 1 82 contain has 259:261 arg1 Gelatin 146:152 Gelatin 146:152 Gelatin 146:152 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 82 contain has 259:261 arg1 phosphate 181:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 82 contain has 259:261 arg2 potential 269:277 great potential 263:277 great potential for bone regeneration 263:299 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 82 contain has 259:261 arg1 chitosan 155:162 chitosan 155:162 chitosan 155:162 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 7 83 theme interconnected 1089:1102 arg1 porosity 1104:1111 interconnected porosity 1089:1111 interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer 1089:1165 The prepared scaffold showed interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer. 31526176 11 84 theme osteoblast 1802:1811 arg1 scaffolds 1822:1830 osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1802:1830 osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1802:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 10 85 theme compressive 1454:1464 arg1 strength 1466:1473 the highest average compressive strength 1434:1473 the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa 1434:1484 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 3 86 theme DCPA 661:664 arg1 particle 666:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 0 87 theme phosphate 74:82 arg1 gelatin-chitosan 90:105 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan 51:105 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 3 88 theme synthesized 644:654 arg1 particle 666:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 11 89 from investigation 1785:1797 arg1 evident 1722:1728 evident 1722:1728 evident 1722:1728 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 9 90 from increase 1265:1272 arg1 content 1296:1302 nano ceramic phase content 1277:1302 nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1277:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 9 90 from increase 1265:1272 arg1 % 1323:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% 1309:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1309:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 9 90 from increase 1265:1272 arg1 polymer 1334:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 11 91 theme gelatin 1577:1583 arg1 scaffold 1594:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 pure gelatin chitosan scaffold 1572:1601 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 11 92 theme scaffolds 1822:1830 arg1 assay 1739:1743 MTT assay 1735:1743 MTT assay 1735:1743 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 11 92 theme scaffolds 1822:1830 arg1 investigation 1785:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation 1749:1797 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 0 93 theme gelatin-chitosan 90:105 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 0 93 theme gelatin-chitosan 90:105 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 0 93 theme gelatin-chitosan 90:105 arg1 bioactivities 34:46 bioactivities 34:46 bioactivities 34:46 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 9 94 theme polymer 1334:1340 arg1 % 1323:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% 1309:1323 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1309:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 9 94 theme polymer 1334:1340 arg1 polymer 1334:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 total polymer 1328:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 1 95 theme nano 168:171 arg1 phosphate 181:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 nano calcium phosphate 168:189 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 4 96 theme calcium 750:756 arg1 carbonate 758:766 calcium carbonate 750:766 calcium carbonate 750:766 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 1 97 with chitosan 155:162 arg1 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 97 with chitosan 155:162 arg1 architectures 230:242 tailored architectures 221:242 tailored architectures 221:242 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 2 98 theme prepared 551:558 arg1 scaffolds 560:568 the prepared scaffolds 547:568 the prepared scaffolds 547:568 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 11 99 theme cellular 1494:1501 arg1 activities 1503:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 0 100 theme tissue 126:131 arg1 engineering 133:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 bone tissue engineering 121:143 Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of nano anhydrous calcium phosphate added gelatin-chitosan scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 31526176 13 101 theme anhydrous 2157:2165 arg1 phosphate 2186:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate 2157:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it 2157:2216 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 1 102 with Gelatin 146:152 arg1 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 102 with Gelatin 146:152 arg1 architectures 230:242 tailored architectures 221:242 tailored architectures 221:242 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 7 103 with porosity 1104:1111 arg1 size 1123:1126 pore size varying 1118:1134 pore size varying 1118:1134 The prepared scaffold showed interconnected porosity with pore size varying between 110 and 200 micrometer. 31526176 12 104 contain containing 1993:2002 arg1 DCPA 1988:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA 1973:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1973:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 12 104 contain containing 1993:2002 arg2 scaffold 2004:2011 scaffold 2004:2011 scaffold 2004:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 13 105 theme calcium 2178:2184 arg1 phosphate 2186:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate 2157:2194 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it 2157:2216 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 9 106 from % 1323:1323 arg1 content 1296:1302 nano ceramic phase content 1277:1302 nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1277:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 9 106 from % 1323:1323 arg1 increase 1265:1272 increase 1265:1272 increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer 1265:1340 With increase in nano ceramic phase content from 5 wt% to 10 wt% of total polymer, the compressive strength of the scaffold increased. 31526176 11 107 from assay 1739:1743 arg1 evident 1722:1728 evident 1722:1728 evident 1722:1728 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 4 108 theme water-ethanol 791:803 arg1 medium 805:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 31526176 2 109 theme porous 395:400 arg1 scaffold 402:409 3D porous scaffold 392:409 3D porous scaffold 392:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 2 110 theme anhydrous 460:468 arg1 nanoparticles 477:489 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles 431:489 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles 431:489 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 3 111 contain containing 611:620 arg2 particle 666:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 synthesized nano DCPA particle 644:673 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 3 111 contain containing 611:620 arg2 gelatin 622:628 gelatin 622:628 gelatin 622:628 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 3 111 contain containing 611:620 arg1 slurry 604:609 the slurry 600:609 the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique 600:704 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 3 111 contain containing 611:620 arg2 chitosan 631:638 chitosan 631:638 chitosan 631:638 Scaffolds were prepared from the slurry containing gelatin, chitosan and synthesized nano DCPA particle using lyophilization technique. 31526176 2 112 theme calcium 442:448 arg1 phosphate 450:458 dihydrogen calcium phosphate 431:458 dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles 431:489 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 12 113 theme MG 1973:1974 arg1 DCPA 1988:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA 1973:1991 MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold 1973:2011 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 2 114 theme biopolymer 496:505 arg1 matrix 507:512 biopolymer matrix 496:512 biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds 496:568 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 11 115 located observed 1519:1526 arg2 activities 1503:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities 1487:1512 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 11 115 located observed 1519:1526 arg1 DCPA 1531:1534 DCPA 1531:1534 DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1531:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 10 116 theme Scaffold 1395:1402 arg1 DCPA 1422:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 5 117 theme XRD 813:815 arg1 pattern 817:823 XRD pattern 813:823 XRD pattern 813:823 XRD pattern showed phase pure DCPA in synthesized nanopowder. 31526176 5 118 theme synthesized 851:861 arg1 nanopowder 863:872 synthesized nanopowder 851:872 synthesized nanopowder 851:872 XRD pattern showed phase pure DCPA in synthesized nanopowder. 31526176 6 119 theme nanoparticles 919:931 arg1 addition 902:909 addition 902:909 addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer 902:974 Scaffolds were prepared by addition of DCPA nanoparticles to the extent of 5-10 wt% of total polymer into gelatin-chitosan solution with solid loading varying between 2.5 and 2.75 wt%. 31526176 12 120 theme better 1894:1899 arg1 behavior 1911:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 better spreading behavior 1894:1918 A higher degree of lamellopodia and filopodia extensions and better spreading behavior of osteoblasts were observed in FESEM micrographs of MG 63 cultured DCPA containing scaffold. 31526176 2 121 theme nanoparticles 477:489 arg1 incorporation 414:426 incorporation 414:426 incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds 414:568 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 13 122 theme scaffold 2115:2122 arg1 strength 2060:2067 mechanical strength 2049:2067 mechanical strength 2049:2067 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 13 122 theme scaffold 2115:2122 arg1 properties 2084:2093 osteogenic properties 2073:2093 osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold 2073:2122 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 2 123 theme mechanical 352:361 arg1 properties 378:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 330:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold 330:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 1 124 with phosphate 181:189 arg1 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 properties 248:257 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 1 124 with phosphate 181:189 arg1 architectures 230:242 tailored architectures 221:242 tailored architectures 221:242 Gelatin, chitosan and nano calcium phosphate based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. 31526176 11 125 contain containing 1536:1545 arg2 scaffolds 1547:1555 scaffolds 1547:1555 scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1547:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 11 125 contain containing 1536:1545 arg1 DCPA 1531:1534 DCPA 1531:1534 DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds 1531:1830 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 11 126 theme nano 1628:1631 arg1 addition 1638:1645 nano DCPA addition 1628:1645 nano DCPA addition into the scaffold 1628:1663 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 2 127 theme chemical 342:349 arg1 properties 378:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties 330:387 the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold 330:409 Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of dihydrogen calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) nanoparticles into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. 31526176 11 128 dep microscopic 1767:1777 arg1 SEM 1780:1782 SEM 1780:1782 SEM 1780:1782 Higher cellular activities were observed in DCPA containing scaffolds as compared to pure gelatin chitosan scaffold suggesting the fact that nano DCPA addition into the scaffold promoted better osteoblast adhesion and proliferation as evident from MTT assay and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) investigation of osteoblast cultured scaffolds. 31526176 8 129 theme average 1205:1211 arg1 size 1218:1221 average pore size 1205:1221 average pore size of the prepared scaffolds 1205:1247 With addition of DCPA nanoparticles, average pore size of the prepared scaffolds decreased. 31526176 10 130 theme 10 wt 1415:1419 arg1 DCPA 1422:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA 1395:1425 Scaffold containing 10 wt% DCPA showed the highest average compressive strength of 2.2 MPa. 31526176 13 131 theme phosphate 2186:2194 arg1 nanoparticles 2196:2208 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles 2157:2208 anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it 2157:2216 The results demonstrated that both mechanical strength and osteogenic properties of gelatin-chitosan scaffold could be improved by addition of anhydrous dihydrogen calcium phosphate nanoparticles into it. 31526176 4 132 from carbonate 758:766 arg1 medium 805:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 water-ethanol medium 791:810 DCPA nano particles were synthesized using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid in water-ethanol medium. 30287041 4 0 from attachment 893:902 arg1 surfaces 911:918 the surfaces 907:918 the surfaces 907:918 Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. 30287041 4 1 theme cell 888:891 arg1 attachment 893:902 the cell attachment 884:902 the cell attachment on the surfaces 884:918 Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. 30287041 3 2 theme nanoparticles 743:755 arg1 % 734:734 60% 732:734 60% of the nanoparticles 732:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 3 2 theme nanoparticles 743:755 arg1 nanoparticles 743:755 the nanoparticles 739:755 the nanoparticles 739:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 1 3 theme nanoparticles 298:310 arg1 amounts 263:269 various amounts 255:269 various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 255:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 3 theme nanoparticles 298:310 arg1 nanoparticles 298:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 4 from % 337:337 arg1 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 4 from % 337:337 arg1 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 4 from % 337:337 arg1 structure 137:145 the structure 133:145 the structure 133:145 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 4 from % 337:337 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 3 5 theme control 861:867 arg1 samples 869:875 control samples 861:875 control samples 861:875 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 2 6 theme polarization 559:570 arg1 experiments 572:582 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments 516:582 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments 516:582 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 7 theme stainless 353:361 arg1 studies 388:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 2 8 theme substrate 626:634 arg1 resistance 608:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance 585:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate 585:634 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 2 9 theme nanoparticles 680:692 arg1 level 667:671 the level 663:671 the level of the nanoparticles in the coating 663:707 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 10 from presence 412:419 arg1 coatings 449:456 the coatings 445:456 the coatings 445:456 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 11 theme steel 363:367 arg1 studies 388:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 2 12 theme spectroscopy 542:553 arg1 experiments 572:582 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments 516:582 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments 516:582 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 13 theme 316 L. 369:374 arg1 studies 388:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 14 theme apatite-forming 466:480 arg1 ability 482:488 apatite-forming ability 466:488 apatite-forming ability 466:488 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 3 15 attach presented 757:765 arg2 sample 714:719 The sample 710:719 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles 710:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 3 15 attach presented 757:765 arg1 comparison 819:828 comparison 819:828 comparison to the other prepared and even control samples 819:875 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 1 16 theme biocompatibility 176:191 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 2 17 theme impedance 532:540 arg1 spectroscopy 542:553 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 516:553 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 516:553 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 18 theme Bioactivity 376:386 arg1 studies 388:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies 353:394 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 19 from 60 324:325 arg1 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 19 from 60 324:325 arg1 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 19 from 60 324:325 arg1 structure 137:145 the structure 133:145 the structure 133:145 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 19 from 60 324:325 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 2 20 from level 667:671 arg1 coating 701:707 the coating 697:707 the coating 697:707 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 2 21 theme electrochemical 516:530 arg1 spectroscopy 542:553 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 516:553 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 516:553 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 22 attach presence 412:419 arg2 nanoparticles 428:440 the nanoparticles 424:440 the nanoparticles 424:440 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 22 attach presence 412:419 arg1 coatings 449:456 the coatings 445:456 the coatings 445:456 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 3 23 theme osteoblast-like 779:793 arg1 viability 805:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 1 24 from 40 320:321 arg1 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 24 from 40 320:321 arg1 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 24 from 40 320:321 arg1 structure 137:145 the structure 133:145 the structure 133:145 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 24 from 40 320:321 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 25 theme chitosan-matrix 212:226 arg1 composites 228:237 chitosan-matrix composites 212:237 chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 212:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 0 26 theme diopside 42:49 arg1 coatings 65:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 3 27 theme MG63 795:798 arg1 viability 805:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 2 28 theme in 589:590 arg1 resistance 608:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance 585:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate 585:634 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 1 29 theme composites 228:237 arg1 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 29 theme composites 228:237 arg1 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 29 theme composites 228:237 arg1 structure 137:145 the structure 133:145 the structure 133:145 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 29 theme composites 228:237 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 0 30 theme chitosan/fluoride-doped 18:40 arg1 coatings 65:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 1 31 from 20 316:317 arg1 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 corrosion 161:169 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 31 from 20 316:317 arg1 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 bioactivity 148:158 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 31 from 20 316:317 arg1 structure 137:145 the structure 133:145 the structure 133:145 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 31 from 20 316:317 arg1 characteristics 193:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 biocompatibility characteristics 176:207 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 4 32 from amount 953:958 arg1 coatings 988:995 the coatings 984:995 the coatings 984:995 Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. 30287041 0 33 theme coatings 65:72 arg1 Bioperformance 0:13 Bioperformance 0:13 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 0:72 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 3 34 theme highest 771:777 arg1 viability 805:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 0 35 theme nanocomposite 51:63 arg1 coatings 65:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 18:72 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 3 36 theme cell 800:803 arg1 viability 805:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability 767:813 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 1 37 theme various 255:261 arg1 amounts 263:269 various amounts 255:269 various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 255:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 1 37 theme various 255:261 arg1 nanoparticles 298:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 5 38 theme implants 1145:1152 arg1 bioperformance 1118:1131 the bioperformance 1114:1131 the bioperformance of metallic implants 1114:1152 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 5 39 theme metallic 1136:1143 arg1 implants 1145:1152 metallic implants 1136:1152 metallic implants 1136:1152 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 1 40 theme 80 wt 332:336 arg1 % 337:337 80 wt% 332:337 80 wt% 332:337 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 5 41 theme diopside 1073:1080 arg1 coatings 1096:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 5 42 theme chitosan/fluoride-doped 1049:1071 arg1 coatings 1096:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 2 43 theme corrosion 598:606 arg1 resistance 608:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance 585:617 the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate 585:634 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 5 44 theme nanocomposite 1082:1094 arg1 coatings 1096:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1049:1103 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 1 45 theme nanoparticles 428:440 arg1 presence 412:419 the presence 408:419 the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings 408:456 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 5 46 theme coatings 1096:1103 arg1 application 1034:1044 the application 1030:1044 the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings 1030:1103 It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants. 30287041 0 47 theme stainless 95:103 arg1 steel 105:109 medical stainless steel 87:109 medical stainless steel 87:109 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 2 48 dep in 589:590 arg1 vitro 592:596 vitro 592:596 vitro 592:596 Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. 30287041 3 49 contain containing 721:730 arg1 sample 714:719 The sample 710:719 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles 710:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 3 49 contain containing 721:730 arg2 nanoparticles 743:755 the nanoparticles 739:755 the nanoparticles 739:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 3 49 contain containing 721:730 arg2 % 734:734 60% 732:734 60% of the nanoparticles 732:755 The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. 30287041 1 50 theme fluoride-doped 274:287 arg1 nanoparticles 298:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 30287041 0 51 theme medical 87:93 arg1 steel 105:109 medical stainless steel 87:109 medical stainless steel 87:109 Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. 30287041 4 52 theme nanoparticles 967:979 arg1 nanoparticles 967:979 the nanoparticles 963:979 the nanoparticles 963:979 Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. 30287041 4 52 theme nanoparticles 967:979 arg1 amount 953:958 the amount 949:958 the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings 949:995 Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. 30287041 1 53 theme diopside 289:296 arg1 nanoparticles 298:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles 274:310 This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. 31382330 7 0 theme printing 1163:1170 arg1 resolution 1172:1181 high printing resolution 1158:1181 high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) 1158:1198 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 0 theme printing 1163:1170 arg1 μm 1196:1197 151 ± 13.04 μm 1184:1197 151 ± 13.04 μm 1184:1197 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 3 1 theme complex 665:671 arg1 constructs 673:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 2 2 theme hydrogel 383:390 arg1 behaviors 370:378 rheological behaviors 358:378 rheological behaviors of hydrogel 358:390 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 11 3 theme AECs 1826:1829 arg1 bioprinting 1805:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting 1788:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1788:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 8 4 link derived 1434:1440 arg1 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 4 link derived 1434:1440 arg1 cells 1459:1463 mesenchymal stem cells 1442:1463 Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) 1418:1472 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 1 5 theme defined 296:302 arg1 distribution 309:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 3 6 theme storage 558:564 arg1 modulus 566:572 storage modulus 558:572 storage modulus (G') 558:577 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 3 6 theme storage 558:564 arg1 G 575:575 G' 575:576 G' 575:576 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 1 7 theme potential 189:197 arg1 technology 199:208 a potential technology 187:208 a potential technology 187:208 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 1 7 theme potential 189:197 arg1 bioprinting 148:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting 129:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels 129:182 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 2 8 theme limited 336:342 arg1 issue 425:429 a major issue 417:429 a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting 417:467 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 2 8 theme limited 336:342 arg1 assessment 344:353 the limited assessment 332:353 the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing 332:406 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 6 9 theme subsequent 1076:1085 arg1 bioprinting 1087:1097 subsequent bioprinting 1076:1097 subsequent bioprinting 1076:1097 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 7 10 theme Complex 1100:1106 arg1 ear 1134:1136 ear 1134:1136 ear 1134:1136 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 10 theme Complex 1100:1106 arg1 constructs 1108:1117 Complex constructs 1100:1117 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) 1100:1137 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 10 theme Complex 1100:1106 arg1 nose 1125:1128 nose 1125:1128 nose 1125:1128 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 9 11 theme alginate/gelatin 1612:1627 arg1 hydrogels 1639:1647 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1612:1647 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1612:1647 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 3 12 theme loss 584:587 arg1 modulus 589:595 loss modulus 584:595 loss modulus (G") 584:600 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 3 12 theme loss 584:587 arg1 " 599:599 G" 598:599 G" 598:599 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 1 13 theme Extrusion-based 129:143 arg1 technology 199:208 a potential technology 187:208 a potential technology 187:208 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 1 13 theme Extrusion-based 129:143 arg1 bioprinting 148:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting 129:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels 129:182 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 7 14 theme % 1262:1262 arg1 CaCl2 1264:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 15 with crosslinking 1240:1251 arg1 CaCl2 1264:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 11 16 theme promising 1894:1902 arg1 potentials 1904:1913 promising potentials 1894:1913 promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering 1894:1948 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 8 17 theme epithelial 1394:1403 arg1 cells 1405:1409 epithelial cells 1394:1409 epithelial cells 1394:1409 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 5 18 dep 18.8 °C 933:939 arg1 to 950:951 to 950:951 to 950:951 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 5 18 dep 18.8 °C 933:939 arg1 H2/24.5 962:968 H2/24.5 962:968 H2/24.5 962:968 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 5 18 dep 18.8 °C 933:939 arg1 24.5 °C 953:959 24.5 °C 953:959 24.5 °C 953:959 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 7 19 theme high 1158:1161 arg1 resolution 1172:1181 high printing resolution 1158:1181 high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) 1158:1198 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 19 theme high 1158:1161 arg1 μm 1196:1197 151 ± 13.04 μm 1184:1197 151 ± 13.04 μm 1184:1197 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 11 20 theme hydrogels 1875:1883 arg1 bioprinting 1805:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting 1788:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1788:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 5 21 theme printing 885:892 arg1 temperature 894:904 printing temperature 885:904 printing temperature 885:904 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 11 22 theme composite 1865:1873 arg1 hydrogels 1875:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 9 23 theme biomimetic 1674:1683 arg1 construct 1706:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 0 24 theme cells-laden 79:89 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 11 25 theme skin 1926:1929 arg1 engineering 1938:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 9 26 theme membranous 1695:1704 arg1 construct 1706:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 6 27 theme /gelatin 993:1000 arg1 sample 1030:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 4 28 theme shear 792:796 arg1 thinning 798:805 shear thinning 792:805 shear thinning 792:805 The rheological studies revealed that viscosity of alginate/gelatin hydrogels is temperature-dependent and shear thinning. 31382330 0 29 theme composite 108:116 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 8 30 theme mesenchymal 1442:1452 arg1 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 30 theme mesenchymal 1442:1452 arg1 cells 1459:1463 mesenchymal stem cells 1442:1463 Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) 1418:1472 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 0 31 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 bioprinting 3:13 3D bioprinting 0:13 3D bioprinting 0:13 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 1 32 theme cell 304:307 arg1 distribution 309:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 2 33 theme bioprinting 457:467 arg1 advancement 439:449 the advancement 435:449 the advancement of 3D bioprinting 435:467 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 10 34 theme > 1738:1738 arg1 viability 1727:1735 High cell viability 1717:1735 High cell viability (> 95%) 1717:1743 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 10 34 theme > 1738:1738 arg1 % 1742:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 4 35 theme hydrogels 753:761 arg1 viscosity 723:731 viscosity 723:731 viscosity of alginate/gelatin hydrogels 723:761 The rheological studies revealed that viscosity of alginate/gelatin hydrogels is temperature-dependent and shear thinning. 31382330 3 36 dep viscosity 547:555 arg1 i.e. 542:545 i.e. 542:545 i.e. 542:545 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 7 37 theme 4 °C 1222:1225 arg1 chamber 1228:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 0 38 theme membranous 47:56 arg1 construct 58:66 bilayered membranous construct 37:66 bilayered membranous construct 37:66 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 3 39 theme hydrogels 633:641 arg1 behaviors 531:539 the rheological behaviors 515:539 the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 515:641 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 8 40 theme Human 1307:1311 arg1 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 40 theme Human 1307:1311 arg1 cells 1333:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells 1307:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) 1307:1344 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 11 41 theme 3D 1802:1803 arg1 bioprinting 1805:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting 1788:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1788:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 7 42 theme temperature 1209:1219 arg1 chamber 1228:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 43 dep nose 1125:1128 arg1 i.e. 1120:1123 i.e. 1120:1123 i.e. 1120:1123 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 3 44 theme alginate/gelatin 606:621 arg1 hydrogels 633:641 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 606:641 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 606:641 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 8 45 theme epithelial 1322:1331 arg1 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 45 theme epithelial 1322:1331 arg1 cells 1333:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells 1307:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) 1307:1344 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 5 46 theme transition 816:825 arg1 study 855:859 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study 808:859 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study 808:859 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 1 47 with constructs 270:279 arg1 distribution 309:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 spatially defined cell distribution 286:320 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 8 48 theme superior 1483:1490 arg1 phenotype 1530:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 3 49 theme printing 656:663 arg1 constructs 673:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 2 50 theme rheological 358:368 arg1 behaviors 370:378 rheological behaviors 358:378 rheological behaviors of hydrogel 358:390 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 1 51 theme cell-laden 163:172 arg1 hydrogels 174:182 cell-laden hydrogels 163:182 cell-laden hydrogels 163:182 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 8 52 theme potential 1503:1511 arg1 phenotype 1530:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 53 dep derived 1434:1440 arg1 Wharton 1418:1424 Wharton 1418:1424 Wharton 1418:1424 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 53 dep derived 1434:1440 arg1 's 1425:1426 's 1425:1426 's 1425:1426 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 53 dep derived 1434:1440 arg1 jelly 1428:1432 jelly 1428:1432 jelly 1428:1432 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 0 54 theme bilayered 37:45 arg1 construct 58:66 bilayered membranous construct 37:66 bilayered membranous construct 37:66 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 9 55 theme in 1549:1550 arg1 study 1558:1562 the in vitro study 1545:1562 the in vitro study 1545:1562 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 8 56 theme fibroblastic 1517:1528 arg1 phenotype 1530:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 1 57 theme constructs 270:279 arg1 fabrication 255:265 the fabrication 251:265 the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution 251:320 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 6 58 theme hydrogel 1021:1028 arg1 sample 1030:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 11 59 theme future 1919:1924 arg1 engineering 1938:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 5 60 dep transition 816:825 arg1 intersection 828:839 intersection 828:839 intersection of G' and G" 828:852 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 7 61 dep extra 1291:1295 arg1 supports 1297:1304 supports 1297:1304 supports 1297:1304 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 9 62 theme seed 1584:1587 arg1 cells 1589:1593 seed cells 1584:1593 seed cells 1584:1593 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 11 63 theme tissue 1931:1936 arg1 engineering 1938:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 future skin tissue engineering 1919:1948 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 1 64 theme regenerative 214:225 arg1 medicine 227:234 regenerative medicine 214:234 regenerative medicine 214:234 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 8 65 theme superior 1353:1360 arg1 potential 1362:1370 superior potential 1353:1370 superior potential 1353:1370 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 9 66 dep in 1549:1550 arg1 vitro 1552:1556 vitro 1552:1556 vitro 1552:1556 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 2 67 theme behaviors 370:378 arg1 issue 425:429 a major issue 417:429 a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting 417:467 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 2 67 theme behaviors 370:378 arg1 assessment 344:353 the limited assessment 332:353 the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing 332:406 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 11 68 theme WJMSCs-laden 1835:1846 arg1 hydrogels 1875:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 5 69 theme G 851:851 arg1 " 852:852 G" 851:852 G" 851:852 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 10 70 theme High 1717:1720 arg1 viability 1727:1735 High cell viability 1717:1735 High cell viability (> 95%) 1717:1743 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 10 70 theme High 1717:1720 arg1 % 1742:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 9 71 theme composite 1629:1637 arg1 hydrogels 1639:1647 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1612:1647 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1612:1647 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 4 72 theme rheological 689:699 arg1 studies 701:707 The rheological studies 685:707 The rheological studies 685:707 The rheological studies revealed that viscosity of alginate/gelatin hydrogels is temperature-dependent and shear thinning. 31382330 1 73 theme 3D 145:146 arg1 technology 199:208 a potential technology 187:208 a potential technology 187:208 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 1 73 theme 3D 145:146 arg1 bioprinting 148:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting 129:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels 129:182 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 6 74 theme 2 wt 986:989 arg1 % 990:990 2 wt% 986:990 2 wt% 986:990 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 0 75 theme construct 58:66 arg1 study 28:32 in vitro study 19:32 in vitro study 19:32 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 0 75 theme construct 58:66 arg1 bioprinting 3:13 3D bioprinting 0:13 3D bioprinting 0:13 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 3 76 theme G 598:598 arg1 modulus 589:595 loss modulus 584:595 loss modulus (G") 584:600 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 3 76 theme G 598:598 arg1 " 599:599 G" 598:599 G" 598:599 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 7 77 theme 2 wt 1258:1261 arg1 CaCl2 1264:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 2 wt% CaCl2 1258:1268 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 0 78 theme human 73:77 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 1 79 theme hydrogels 174:182 arg1 technology 199:208 a potential technology 187:208 a potential technology 187:208 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 1 79 theme hydrogels 174:182 arg1 bioprinting 148:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting 129:158 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels 129:182 Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of cell-laden hydrogels is a potential technology for regenerative medicine, which enables the fabrication of constructs with spatially defined cell distribution. 31382330 11 80 theme alginate/gelatin 1848:1863 arg1 hydrogels 1875:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1835:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 7 81 dep constructs 1108:1117 arg1 ear 1134:1136 ear 1134:1136 ear 1134:1136 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 81 dep constructs 1108:1117 arg1 constructs 1108:1117 Complex constructs 1100:1117 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) 1100:1137 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 7 81 dep constructs 1108:1117 arg1 nose 1125:1128 nose 1125:1128 nose 1125:1128 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 0 82 theme alginate/gelatin 91:106 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 9 83 theme bilayered 1685:1693 arg1 construct 1706:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 biomimetic bilayered membranous construct 1674:1714 For the in vitro study, AECs and WJMSCs as seed cells, encapsulated in alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels, were bioprinted to form biomimetic bilayered membranous construct. 31382330 8 84 theme derived 1434:1440 arg1 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 84 theme derived 1434:1440 arg1 cells 1459:1463 mesenchymal stem cells 1442:1463 Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) 1418:1472 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 6 85 theme composite 1011:1019 arg1 sample 1030:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample 972:1035 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 8 86 theme stem 1454:1457 arg1 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 WJMSCs 1466:1471 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 86 theme stem 1454:1457 arg1 cells 1459:1463 mesenchymal stem cells 1442:1463 Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) 1418:1472 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 6 87 dep /gelatin 993:1000 arg1 % 1008:1008 15 wt% 1003:1008 15 wt% 1003:1008 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 6 87 dep /gelatin 993:1000 arg1 % 990:990 2 wt% 986:990 2 wt% 986:990 The alginate (2 wt%) /gelatin (15 wt%) composite hydrogel sample was chosen to print the constructs and subsequent bioprinting. 31382330 2 88 theme major 419:423 arg1 issue 425:429 a major issue 417:429 a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting 417:467 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 2 88 theme major 419:423 arg1 assessment 344:353 the limited assessment 332:353 the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing 332:406 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 0 89 theme in 19:20 arg1 study 28:32 in vitro study 19:32 in vitro study 19:32 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 5 90 theme 18.8 °C 933:939 arg1 range 924:928 the range 920:928 the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5) 920:969 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 2 91 theme 3D 454:455 arg1 bioprinting 457:467 3D bioprinting 454:467 3D bioprinting 454:467 However, the limited assessment of rheological behaviors of hydrogel before printing is still a major issue for the advancement of 3D bioprinting. 31382330 3 92 theme composite 623:631 arg1 hydrogels 633:641 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 606:641 alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 606:641 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 4 93 theme alginate/gelatin 736:751 arg1 hydrogels 753:761 alginate/gelatin hydrogels 736:761 alginate/gelatin hydrogels 736:761 The rheological studies revealed that viscosity of alginate/gelatin hydrogels is temperature-dependent and shear thinning. 31382330 11 94 theme human 1820:1824 arg1 AECs 1826:1829 human AECs 1820:1829 human AECs 1820:1829 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 7 95 theme low 1205:1207 arg1 chamber 1228:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 a low temperature (4 °C) chamber 1203:1234 Complex constructs (i.e. nose and ear) were obtained with high printing resolution (151 ± 13.04 μm) in a low temperature (4 °C) chamber and crosslinking with 2 wt% CaCl2 subsequently without extra supports. 31382330 5 96 theme Sol-gel 808:814 arg1 transition 816:825 Sol-gel transition 808:825 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study 808:859 Sol-gel transition (intersection of G' and G") study provided indication for printing temperature, which are in the range of 18.8 °C (H2/7.5) to 24.5 °C (H2/24.5). 31382330 8 97 theme angiogenic 1492:1501 arg1 phenotype 1530:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype 1481:1538 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 3 98 theme 3D 653:654 arg1 constructs 673:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 3D printing complex constructs 653:682 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 8 99 theme amniotic 1313:1320 arg1 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 AECs 1340:1343 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 8 99 theme amniotic 1313:1320 arg1 cells 1333:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells 1307:1337 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) 1307:1344 Human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) showed superior potential to differentiate into epithelial cells, while Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) showed a superior angiogenic potential and fibroblastic phenotype. 31382330 0 100 with bioprinting 3:13 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 3 101 theme rheological 519:529 arg1 behaviors 531:539 the rheological behaviors 515:539 the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 515:641 In this work, we systematically investigated the rheological behaviors (i.e. viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G")) of alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels first for 3D printing complex constructs. 31382330 0 102 dep in 19:20 arg1 vitro 22:26 vitro 22:26 vitro 22:26 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31382330 10 103 theme cell 1722:1725 arg1 viability 1727:1735 High cell viability 1717:1735 High cell viability (> 95%) 1717:1743 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 10 103 theme cell 1722:1725 arg1 % 1742:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 > 95% 1738:1742 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 10 104 dep 6 1765:1765 arg1 to 1762:1763 to 1762:1763 to 1762:1763 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 11 105 theme presented 1792:1800 arg1 bioprinting 1805:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting 1788:1815 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 1788:1883 The presented 3D bioprinting of human AECs and WJMSCs-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels provides promising potentials for future skin tissue engineering. 31382330 10 106 dep days 1767:1770 arg1 printing 1778:1785 printing 1778:1785 printing 1778:1785 High cell viability (> 95%) were observed up to 6 days after printing. 31382330 0 107 with study 28:32 arg1 hydrogels 118:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels 73:126 3D bioprinting and in vitro study of bilayered membranous construct with human cells-laden alginate/gelatin composite hydrogels. 31733251 5 0 theme swelling 697:704 arg1 measurements 706:717 swelling measurements 697:717 swelling measurements 697:717 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 7 1 theme mechanical 1048:1057 arg1 strength 1059:1066 mechanical strength 1048:1066 mechanical strength 1048:1066 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 7 2 theme composite 1148:1156 arg1 scaffolds 1158:1166 composite scaffolds 1148:1166 composite scaffolds 1148:1166 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 2 3 theme biocompatibility 355:370 arg1 reactions 411:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 0 4 theme tissue 98:103 arg1 applications 117:128 tissue engineering applications 98:128 tissue engineering applications 98:128 Natural biomacromolecule based composite scaffolds from silk fibroin, gelatin and chitosan toward tissue engineering applications. 31733251 2 5 theme matrix 317:322 arg1 properties 280:289 the properties 276:289 the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) 276:328 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 8 6 theme H&E 1252:1254 arg1 staining 1257:1264 hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining 1233:1264 hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining 1233:1264 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 5 7 theme In 720:721 arg1 measurements 751:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 2 8 theme extra-cellular 302:315 arg1 ECM 325:327 ECM 325:327 ECM 325:327 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 8 theme extra-cellular 302:315 arg1 matrix 317:322 natural extra-cellular matrix 294:322 natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) 294:328 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 7 9 dep degradation 1109:1119 arg1 the 1105:1107 the 1105:1107 the 1105:1107 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 6 10 theme good 847:850 arg1 175 μm 839:844 175 μm 839:844 175 μm 839:844 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 6 10 theme good 847:850 arg1 interconnectivity 852:868 good interconnectivity 847:868 good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth 847:940 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 2 11 theme natural 294:300 arg1 ECM 325:327 ECM 325:327 ECM 325:327 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 11 theme natural 294:300 arg1 matrix 317:322 natural extra-cellular matrix 294:322 natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) 294:328 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 9 12 contain have 1376:1379 arg1 scaffolds 1366:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 9 12 contain have 1376:1379 arg2 potential 1385:1393 the potential 1381:1393 the potential for tissue engineering applications 1381:1429 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 3 13 theme blending 469:476 arg1 ratios 478:483 different blending ratios 459:483 different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 459:516 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 0 14 theme engineering 105:115 arg1 applications 117:128 tissue engineering applications 98:128 tissue engineering applications 98:128 Natural biomacromolecule based composite scaffolds from silk fibroin, gelatin and chitosan toward tissue engineering applications. 31733251 4 15 theme Silk 546:549 arg1 fibroin 551:557 Silk fibroin 546:557 Silk fibroin 546:557 Silk fibroin was extracted from the Bombyx mori silkworm. 31733251 5 16 theme surface 676:682 arg1 wettability 684:694 surface wettability 676:694 surface wettability 676:694 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 7 17 theme water 1002:1006 arg1 uptake 1008:1013 water uptake 1002:1013 water uptake 1002:1013 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 5 18 dep In 720:721 arg1 Vitro 723:727 Vitro 723:727 Vitro 723:727 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 8 19 theme cells 1319:1323 arg1 adhesion 1295:1302 adhesion 1295:1302 adhesion 1295:1302 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 8 19 theme cells 1319:1323 arg1 growth 1284:1289 growth 1284:1289 growth 1284:1289 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 8 20 theme hematoxylin-eosin 1233:1249 arg1 staining 1257:1264 hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining 1233:1264 hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining 1233:1264 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 7 21 theme scaffolds 1158:1166 arg1 degradation 1109:1119 degradation 1109:1119 degradation 1109:1119 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 7 21 theme scaffolds 1158:1166 arg1 strength 1136:1143 mechanical strength 1125:1143 mechanical strength 1125:1143 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 8 22 theme scaffolds 1189:1197 arg1 Biocompatibility 1169:1184 Biocompatibility 1169:1184 Biocompatibility of scaffolds 1169:1197 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 2 23 theme immunogenic 399:409 arg1 reactions 411:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 0 24 theme Natural 0:6 arg1 biomacromolecule 8:23 Natural biomacromolecule 0:23 Natural biomacromolecule 0:23 Natural biomacromolecule based composite scaffolds from silk fibroin, gelatin and chitosan toward tissue engineering applications. 31733251 9 25 theme fabricated 1345:1354 arg1 scaffolds 1366:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 5 26 theme scanning 640:647 arg1 SEM 670:672 SEM 670:672 SEM 670:672 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 5 26 theme scanning 640:647 arg1 microscopy 658:667 scanning electron microscopy 640:667 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 640:673 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 7 27 dep reduced 1040:1046 arg1 affect 1085:1090 affect 1085:1090 reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds 1040:1166 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 3 28 theme different 459:467 arg1 ratios 478:483 different blending ratios 459:483 different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 459:516 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 0 29 theme composite 31:39 arg1 scaffolds 41:49 composite scaffolds 31:49 composite scaffolds 31:49 Natural biomacromolecule based composite scaffolds from silk fibroin, gelatin and chitosan toward tissue engineering applications. 31733251 5 30 theme electron 649:656 arg1 SEM 670:672 SEM 670:672 SEM 670:672 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 5 30 theme electron 649:656 arg1 microscopy 658:667 scanning electron microscopy 640:667 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 640:673 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 3 31 theme fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 493:516 arg1 ratios 478:483 different blending ratios 459:483 different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 459:516 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 5 32 theme tensile 768:774 arg1 test 776:779 tensile test 768:779 tensile test 768:779 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 6 33 theme cell 930:933 arg1 growth 935:940 cell growth 930:940 cell growth 930:940 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 7 34 theme degradation 1019:1029 arg1 rate 1031:1034 degradation rate 1019:1034 degradation rate 1019:1034 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 6 35 from μm 833:834 arg1 sizes 818:822 pore sizes 813:822 pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth 813:940 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 3 36 theme composite 434:442 arg1 scaffolds 444:452 composite scaffolds 434:452 composite scaffolds 434:452 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 7 37 theme mechanical 1125:1134 arg1 strength 1136:1143 mechanical strength 1125:1143 mechanical strength 1125:1143 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 1 38 theme cell 214:217 arg1 responses 219:227 cell responses 214:227 cell responses 214:227 Natupolymer-based scaffolds can increase cell affinity to biomaterials and improve cell responses. 31733251 4 39 theme Bombyx 582:587 arg1 mori 589:592 the Bombyx mori 578:592 the Bombyx mori silkworm 578:601 Silk fibroin was extracted from the Bombyx mori silkworm. 31733251 3 40 theme silk 488:491 arg1 fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 493:516 silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 488:516 silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin 488:516 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 8 41 theme endothelial 1307:1317 arg1 cells 1319:1323 endothelial cells 1307:1323 endothelial cells 1307:1323 Biocompatibility of scaffolds was demonstrated by MTT-assay and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining which lead to the growth and adhesion of endothelial cells. 31733251 9 42 theme tissue 1399:1404 arg1 applications 1418:1429 tissue engineering applications 1399:1429 tissue engineering applications 1399:1429 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 0 43 theme silk 56:59 arg1 fibroin 61:67 silk fibroin 56:67 silk fibroin 56:67 Natural biomacromolecule based composite scaffolds from silk fibroin, gelatin and chitosan toward tissue engineering applications. 31733251 4 44 theme silkworm 594:601 arg1 mori 589:592 the Bombyx mori 578:592 the Bombyx mori silkworm 578:601 Silk fibroin was extracted from the Bombyx mori silkworm. 31733251 5 45 theme enzymatic 729:737 arg1 measurements 751:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 7 46 theme silk 1072:1075 arg1 fibroin 1077:1083 silk fibroin 1072:1083 silk fibroin 1072:1083 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 1 47 theme Natupolymer-based 131:147 arg1 scaffolds 149:157 Natupolymer-based scaffolds 131:157 Natupolymer-based scaffolds 131:157 Natupolymer-based scaffolds can increase cell affinity to biomaterials and improve cell responses. 31733251 5 48 theme degradation 739:749 arg1 measurements 751:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements 720:762 The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface wettability, swelling measurements, In Vitro enzymatic degradation measurements and tensile test. 31733251 6 49 theme pore 813:816 arg1 sizes 818:822 pore sizes 813:822 pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth 813:940 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 3 50 theme freeze-drying 521:533 arg1 technique 535:543 freeze-drying technique 521:543 freeze-drying technique 521:543 We prepared composite scaffolds with different blending ratios of silk fibroin-chitosan-gelatin by freeze-drying technique. 31733251 7 51 theme silk 979:982 arg1 fibroin 984:990 silk fibroin 979:990 silk fibroin 979:990 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 6 52 theme suitable 888:895 arg1 porosity 897:904 suitable porosity 888:904 suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth 888:940 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 1 53 theme cell 172:175 arg1 affinity 177:184 cell affinity 172:184 cell affinity to biomaterials 172:200 Natupolymer-based scaffolds can increase cell affinity to biomaterials and improve cell responses. 31733251 9 54 theme engineering 1406:1416 arg1 applications 1418:1429 tissue engineering applications 1399:1429 tissue engineering applications 1399:1429 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 7 55 theme chitosan-gelatin 959:974 arg1 addition 947:954 The addition 943:954 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin 943:990 The addition of chitosan-gelatin to silk fibroin increased water uptake and degradation rate and reduced mechanical strength but silk fibroin affect reversely on the degradation and mechanical strength of composite scaffolds. 31733251 9 56 theme composite 1356:1364 arg1 scaffolds 1366:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 the fabricated composite scaffolds 1341:1374 In this study, the fabricated composite scaffolds have the potential for tissue engineering applications. 31733251 6 57 theme composite 786:794 arg1 scaffolds 796:804 The composite scaffolds 782:804 The composite scaffolds 782:804 The composite scaffolds showed pore sizes from 125 μm to 175 μm, good interconnectivity between pores and suitable porosity which are desirable for cell growth. 31733251 2 58 theme biodegradability 373:388 arg1 reactions 411:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions 349:419 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 59 dep Silk 230:233 arg1 gelatin 257:263 gelatin 257:263 gelatin 257:263 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 59 dep Silk 230:233 arg1 Silk 230:233 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin 230:263 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) 230:328 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 59 dep Silk 230:233 arg1 chitosan 244:251 chitosan 244:251 chitosan 244:251 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 31733251 2 59 dep Silk 230:233 arg1 fibroin 235:241 fibroin 235:241 fibroin 235:241 Silk fibroin, chitosan and gelatin that mimic the properties of natural extra-cellular matrix (ECM) were chosen due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and less immunogenic reactions. 29787894 5 0 theme novel 758:762 arg1 able 793:796 able 793:796 able 793:796 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 5 0 theme novel 758:762 arg1 structure 779:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 6 1 theme formulation 1051:1061 arg1 composition 1063:1073 the formulation composition 1047:1073 the formulation composition 1047:1073 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 4 2 theme Paracetamol-loaded 569:586 arg1 constructs 588:597 Paracetamol-loaded constructs 569:597 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, 569:724 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 5 3 theme gyroid 764:769 arg1 able 793:796 able 793:796 able 793:796 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 5 3 theme gyroid 764:769 arg1 structure 779:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 5 4 theme lattice 771:777 arg1 able 793:796 able 793:796 able 793:796 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 5 4 theme lattice 771:777 arg1 structure 779:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure 754:787 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 1 5 theme pharmaceuticals 145:159 arg1 field 136:140 the field 132:140 the field of pharmaceuticals 132:159 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is gaining momentum in the field of pharmaceuticals, offering innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture. 29787894 6 6 theme polymers 975:982 arg1 properties 953:962 customised drug release properties 929:962 customised drug release properties of several polymers 929:982 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 3 7 theme bi-layer 504:511 arg1 structures 513:522 cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures 472:522 structures 513:522 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 8 theme customisable 531:542 arg1 characteristics 552:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 6 9 theme several 967:973 arg1 polymers 975:982 several polymers 967:982 several polymers 967:982 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 7 10 theme performance 1209:1219 arg1 tailoring 1191:1199 the tailoring 1187:1199 the tailoring of drug performance to the patient 1187:1234 By creating these constructs, it is therefore possible to modify drug release, which in practice, could enable the tailoring of drug performance to the patient simply by changing the 3D design. 29787894 2 11 theme high 266:269 arg1 resolution 271:280 high resolution 266:280 high resolution 266:280 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 7 12 theme 3D 1259:1260 arg1 design 1262:1267 the 3D design 1255:1267 the 3D design 1255:1267 By creating these constructs, it is therefore possible to modify drug release, which in practice, could enable the tailoring of drug performance to the patient simply by changing the 3D design. 29787894 3 13 theme SLS 415:417 arg1 3DP 419:421 SLS 3DP 415:421 SLS 3DP 415:421 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 14 theme work 399:402 arg1 aim 387:389 The aim 383:389 The aim of this work 383:402 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 2 15 theme novel 259:263 arg1 sintering 238:246 Selective laser sintering 222:246 Selective laser sintering (SLS) 222:252 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 15 theme novel 259:263 arg1 technology 307:316 a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology 257:316 technology 307:316 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 6 16 dep swift 990:994 arg1 cost-effective 997:1010 cost-effective 997:1010 cost-effective 997:1010 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 3 17 theme release 544:550 arg1 characteristics 552:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 1 18 theme innovative 171:180 arg1 opportunities 182:194 innovative opportunities 171:194 innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture 171:219 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is gaining momentum in the field of pharmaceuticals, offering innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture. 29787894 0 19 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 printing 3:10 3D printing 0:10 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices 0:41 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 0 20 theme drug-loaded 15:25 arg1 lattices 34:41 drug-loaded gyroid lattices 15:41 drug-loaded gyroid lattices 15:41 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 3 21 contain having 524:529 arg2 characteristics 552:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 customisable release characteristics 531:566 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 21 contain having 524:529 arg1 lattice 492:498 cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures 472:522 lattice 492:498 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 2 22 theme single-step 286:296 arg1 printing 298:305 single-step printing 286:305 single-step printing 286:305 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 5 23 theme drug 814:817 arg1 release 819:825 the drug release 810:825 the drug release from all four polymers 810:848 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 6 24 theme drug 940:943 arg1 properties 953:962 customised drug release properties 929:962 customised drug release properties of several polymers 929:982 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 3 25 theme cylindrical 472:482 arg1 lattice 492:498 cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures 472:522 lattice 492:498 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 1 26 theme medicine 200:207 arg1 manufacture 209:219 medicine manufacture 200:219 medicine manufacture 200:219 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is gaining momentum in the field of pharmaceuticals, offering innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture. 29787894 0 27 theme lattices 34:41 arg1 printing 3:10 3D printing 0:10 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices 0:41 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 6 28 theme customised 929:938 arg1 properties 953:962 customised drug release properties 929:962 customised drug release properties of several polymers 929:982 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 7 29 theme drug 1141:1144 arg1 release 1146:1152 drug release 1141:1152 drug release 1141:1152 By creating these constructs, it is therefore possible to modify drug release, which in practice, could enable the tailoring of drug performance to the patient simply by changing the 3D design. 29787894 4 30 from polymers 640:647 arg1 constructs 588:597 Paracetamol-loaded constructs 569:597 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, 569:724 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 0 31 theme gyroid 27:32 arg1 lattices 34:41 drug-loaded gyroid lattices 15:41 drug-loaded gyroid lattices 15:41 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 4 32 theme polyethylene 659:670 arg1 cellulose 715:723 ethyl cellulose 709:723 ethyl cellulose 709:723 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 32 theme polyethylene 659:670 arg1 oxide 672:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 32 theme polyethylene 659:670 arg1 Eudragit 679:686 Eudragit 679:686 Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) 679:703 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 0 33 theme selective 49:57 arg1 sintering 65:73 selective laser sintering 49:73 selective laser sintering 49:73 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 6 34 theme release 945:951 arg1 properties 953:962 customised drug release properties 929:962 customised drug release properties of several polymers 929:982 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 2 35 theme laser 232:236 arg1 sintering 238:246 Selective laser sintering 222:246 Selective laser sintering (SLS) 222:252 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 35 theme laser 232:236 arg1 SLS 249:251 SLS 249:251 SLS 249:251 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 35 theme laser 232:236 arg1 technology 307:316 a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology 257:316 technology 307:316 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 36 theme Selective 222:230 arg1 sintering 238:246 Selective laser sintering 222:246 Selective laser sintering (SLS) 222:252 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 36 theme Selective 222:230 arg1 SLS 249:251 SLS 249:251 SLS 249:251 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 36 theme Selective 222:230 arg1 technology 307:316 a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology 257:316 technology 307:316 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 4 37 theme ethyl 709:713 arg1 cellulose 715:723 ethyl cellulose 709:723 ethyl cellulose 709:723 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 37 theme ethyl 709:713 arg1 oxide 672:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 7 38 theme drug 1204:1207 arg1 performance 1209:1219 drug performance 1204:1219 drug performance 1204:1219 By creating these constructs, it is therefore possible to modify drug release, which in practice, could enable the tailoring of drug performance to the patient simply by changing the 3D design. 29787894 6 39 theme swift 990:994 arg1 manner 1012:1017 a swift, cost-effective manner 988:1017 a swift, cost-effective manner 988:1017 This work is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of using SLS to achieve customised drug release properties of several polymers, in a swift, cost-effective manner, avoiding the need to alter the formulation composition. 29787894 2 40 dep technology 307:316 arg1 resolution 271:280 high resolution 266:280 high resolution 266:280 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 2 40 dep technology 307:316 arg1 printing 298:305 single-step printing 286:305 single-step printing 286:305 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 4 41 theme different 609:617 arg1 polymers 640:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers 604:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, 604:724 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 41 theme different 609:617 arg1 oxide 672:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 1 42 theme Three-dimensional 76:92 arg1 3DP 104:106 3DP 104:106 3DP 104:106 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is gaining momentum in the field of pharmaceuticals, offering innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture. 29787894 1 42 theme Three-dimensional 76:92 arg1 printing 94:101 Three-dimensional printing 76:101 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) 76:107 Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is gaining momentum in the field of pharmaceuticals, offering innovative opportunities for medicine manufacture. 29787894 4 43 theme SLS 745:747 arg1 3DP 749:751 SLS 3DP 745:751 SLS 3DP 745:751 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 3 44 theme printed 450:456 arg1 tablets 458:464 3D printed tablets 447:464 3D printed tablets 447:464 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 44 theme printed 450:456 arg1 printlets 436:444 printlets 436:444 printlets (3D printed tablets) 436:465 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 45 theme 3D 447:448 arg1 tablets 458:464 3D printed tablets 447:464 3D printed tablets 447:464 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 3 45 theme 3D 447:448 arg1 printlets 436:444 printlets 436:444 printlets (3D printed tablets) 436:465 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 4 46 dep Eudragit 679:686 arg1 RL 701:702 RL 701:702 RL 701:702 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 46 dep Eudragit 679:686 arg1 L100-55 689:695 L100-55 689:695 L100-55 689:695 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 2 47 theme pharmaceutical 358:371 arg1 sciences 373:380 the pharmaceutical sciences 354:380 the pharmaceutical sciences 354:380 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a novel, high resolution and single-step printing technology that we have recently introduced to the pharmaceutical sciences. 29787894 4 48 theme grade 634:638 arg1 polymers 640:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers 604:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, 604:724 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 48 theme grade 634:638 arg1 oxide 672:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 0 49 theme laser 59:63 arg1 sintering 65:73 selective laser sintering 49:73 selective laser sintering 49:73 3D printing of drug-loaded gyroid lattices using selective laser sintering. 29787894 5 50 from polymers 841:848 arg1 release 819:825 the drug release 810:825 the drug release from all four polymers 810:848 The novel gyroid lattice structure was able to modulate the drug release from all four polymers. 29787894 3 51 theme gyroid 485:490 arg1 lattice 492:498 cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures 472:522 lattice 492:498 The aim of this work was to use SLS 3DP to fabricate printlets (3D printed tablets) with cylindrical, gyroid lattice and bi-layer structures having customisable release characteristics. 29787894 4 52 theme pharmaceutical 619:632 arg1 polymers 640:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers 604:647 four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, 604:724 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29787894 4 52 theme pharmaceutical 619:632 arg1 oxide 672:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 polyethylene oxide 659:676 Paracetamol-loaded constructs from four different pharmaceutical grade polymers including polyethylene oxide, Eudragit (L100-55 and RL) and ethyl cellulose, were created using SLS 3DP. 29654862 4 0 theme hydrophilicity 580:593 arg1 improvement 595:605 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement 549:605 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement 549:605 PCL/CMC scaffolds exposed significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement comparing to PCL/CTS ones. 29654862 8 1 theme osteoblast 1090:1099 arg1 cells 1101:1105 human osteoblast cells 1084:1105 human osteoblast cells (MG63) 1084:1112 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 8 1 theme osteoblast 1090:1099 arg1 MG63 1108:1111 MG63 1108:1111 MG63 1108:1111 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 1 2 theme scaffolds 190:198 arg1 properties 141:150 physical properties 132:150 physical properties 132:150 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 1 2 theme scaffolds 190:198 arg1 compatibility 161:173 cell compatibility 156:173 cell compatibility 156:173 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 3 dep PCL/CTS 811:817 arg1 % 837:837 PCL/CMC 15% 827:837 PCL/CMC 15% 827:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 3 dep PCL/CTS 811:817 arg1 % 821:821 15% 819:821 15% 819:821 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 3 4 theme SEM 390:392 arg1 images 394:399 SEM images 390:399 SEM images 390:399 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 10 5 theme engineering 1432:1442 arg1 application 1444:1454 bone tissue engineering application 1420:1454 bone tissue engineering application 1420:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 8 6 theme human 1084:1088 arg1 cells 1101:1105 human osteoblast cells 1084:1105 human osteoblast cells (MG63) 1084:1112 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 8 6 theme human 1084:1088 arg1 MG63 1108:1111 MG63 1108:1111 MG63 1108:1111 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 10 7 theme excellent 1396:1404 arg1 candidate 1406:1414 an excellent candidate 1393:1414 an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application 1393:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 10 7 theme excellent 1396:1404 arg1 scaffolds 1376:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 4 8 theme PCL/CMC 523:529 arg1 scaffolds 531:539 PCL/CMC scaffolds 523:539 PCL/CMC scaffolds 523:539 PCL/CMC scaffolds exposed significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement comparing to PCL/CTS ones. 29654862 1 9 theme bone 297:300 arg1 engineering 309:319 bone tissue engineering 297:319 bone tissue engineering application 297:331 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 3 10 theme undesirable 417:427 arg1 ultrafine 429:437 the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers 413:458 ultrafine 429:437 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 9 11 theme PCL/CTS 1264:1270 arg1 ones 1272:1275 the PCL and PCL/CTS ones 1252:1275 the PCL and PCL/CTS ones 1252:1275 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 5 12 dep CMC 709:711 arg1 the 689:691 the 689:691 the 689:691 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 5 12 dep CMC 709:711 arg1 addition 693:700 addition 693:700 addition 693:700 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 10 13 theme tissue 1425:1430 arg1 engineering 1432:1442 bone tissue engineering 1420:1442 bone tissue engineering application 1420:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 1 14 theme tissue 302:307 arg1 engineering 309:319 bone tissue engineering 297:319 bone tissue engineering application 297:331 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 9 15 theme promoting 1209:1217 arg1 trend 1233:1237 promoting proliferation trend 1209:1237 promoting proliferation trend 1209:1237 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 5 16 theme contact 644:650 arg1 angle 652:656 The water contact angle 634:656 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold 634:672 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 10 17 theme electrospun 1364:1374 arg1 candidate 1406:1414 an excellent candidate 1393:1414 an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application 1393:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 10 17 theme electrospun 1364:1374 arg1 scaffolds 1376:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 18 theme average 781:787 arg1 diameter 789:796 The average diameter 777:796 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 777:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 18 theme average 781:787 arg1 439 844:846 439 844:846 439 844:846 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 1 19 theme engineering 309:319 arg1 application 321:331 bone tissue engineering application 297:331 bone tissue engineering application 297:331 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 20 theme decrease 934:941 arg1 fibers 943:948 decrease fibers 934:948 decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds 934:986 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 5 21 theme 15 705:706 arg1 % 707:707 % 707:707 % 707:707 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 9 22 theme PCL 1256:1258 arg1 ones 1272:1275 the PCL and PCL/CTS ones 1252:1275 the PCL and PCL/CTS ones 1252:1275 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 1 23 dep properties 141:150 arg1 the 128:130 the 128:130 the 128:130 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 3 24 from fibers 453:458 arg1 scaffolds 471:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 5 25 theme % 707:707 arg1 CMC 709:711 15% CMC 705:711 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° 705:736 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 5 26 theme PCL 661:663 arg1 scaffold 665:672 PCL scaffold 661:672 PCL scaffold 661:672 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 7 27 theme scaffolds 1056:1064 arg1 composition 1021:1031 the composition 1017:1031 the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds 1017:1064 FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds. 29654862 1 28 theme polycaprolactone/chitosan 209:233 arg1 blends 286:291 polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends 209:291 polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application 209:331 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 0 29 theme chitosan 31:38 arg1 nanofibrous 40:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous 0:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous 0:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 4 30 theme improved 563:570 arg1 hydrophilicity 580:593 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity 549:593 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement 549:605 PCL/CMC scaffolds exposed significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement comparing to PCL/CTS ones. 29654862 8 31 theme cells 1101:1105 arg1 culturing 1071:1079 The culturing 1067:1079 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds 1067:1129 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 5 32 theme scaffold 665:672 arg1 angle 652:656 The water contact angle 634:656 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold 634:672 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 0 33 theme Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl 0:29 arg1 nanofibrous 40:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous 0:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous 0:50 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 34 theme higher 893:898 arg1 concentrations 900:913 higher concentrations 893:913 higher concentrations of CMC 893:920 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 5 35 dep 51 ± 3° 730:736 arg1 to 727:728 to 727:728 to 727:728 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 5 36 theme scaffold 767:774 arg1 concentration 746:758 high concentration 741:758 high concentration of CMC scaffold 741:774 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 6 37 theme PCL/CMC 827:833 arg1 % 837:837 PCL/CMC 15% 827:837 PCL/CMC 15% 827:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 38 dep 439 844:846 arg1 demonstrated 880:891 demonstrated 880:891 demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds 880:986 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 3 39 theme splitting 443:451 arg1 fibers 453:458 the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers 413:458 fibers 453:458 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 6 40 dep demonstrated 880:891 arg1 resulted 922:929 resulted 922:929 demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds 880:986 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 41 theme CMC 918:920 arg1 concentrations 900:913 higher concentrations 893:913 higher concentrations of CMC 893:920 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 1 42 theme physical 132:139 arg1 properties 141:150 physical properties 132:150 physical properties 132:150 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 43 theme other 964:968 arg1 scaffolds 978:986 other blended scaffolds 964:986 other blended scaffolds 964:986 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 0 44 theme bone 66:69 arg1 application 90:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 10 45 theme PCL/CMC 1356:1362 arg1 candidate 1406:1414 an excellent candidate 1393:1414 an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application 1393:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 10 45 theme PCL/CMC 1356:1362 arg1 scaffolds 1376:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds 1352:1384 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 1 46 theme PCL/carboxymethyl 249:265 arg1 PCL/CMC 277:283 PCL/CMC 277:283 PCL/CMC 277:283 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 1 46 theme PCL/carboxymethyl 249:265 arg1 chitosan 267:274 PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan 249:274 PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) 249:284 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 5 47 from 51 ± 3° 730:736 arg1 CMC 709:711 15% CMC 705:711 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° 705:736 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 9 48 theme maximum 1292:1298 arg1 concentrations 1300:1313 maximum concentrations 1292:1313 maximum concentrations of CMC 1292:1320 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 5 49 theme water 638:642 arg1 angle 652:656 The water contact angle 634:656 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold 634:672 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 1 50 theme chitosan 267:274 arg1 blends 286:291 polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends 209:291 polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application 209:331 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 3 51 theme PCL/CTS 463:469 arg1 scaffolds 471:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 4 52 theme PCL/CTS 620:626 arg1 ones 628:631 PCL/CTS ones 620:631 PCL/CTS ones 620:631 PCL/CMC scaffolds exposed significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement comparing to PCL/CTS ones. 29654862 5 53 theme high 741:744 arg1 concentration 746:758 high concentration 741:758 high concentration of CMC scaffold 741:774 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 3 54 from ultrafine 429:437 arg1 scaffolds 471:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 PCL/CTS scaffolds 463:479 SEM images showed that the undesirable ultrafine and splitting fibers in PCL/CTS scaffolds are eliminated by replacing CTS with CMC. 29654862 4 55 theme surface 572:578 arg1 hydrophilicity 580:593 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity 549:593 significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement 549:605 PCL/CMC scaffolds exposed significantly improved surface hydrophilicity improvement comparing to PCL/CTS ones. 29654862 0 56 theme tissue 71:76 arg1 application 90:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 9 57 theme CMC 1318:1320 arg1 concentrations 1300:1313 maximum concentrations 1292:1313 maximum concentrations of CMC 1292:1320 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 6 58 from PCL/CTS 811:817 arg1 diameter 789:796 The average diameter 777:796 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 777:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 58 from PCL/CTS 811:817 arg1 439 844:846 439 844:846 439 844:846 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 7 59 theme FTIR 989:992 arg1 spectroscopy 994:1005 FTIR spectroscopy 989:1005 FTIR spectroscopy 989:1005 FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds. 29654862 1 60 theme cell 156:159 arg1 compatibility 161:173 cell compatibility 156:173 cell compatibility 156:173 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 10 61 theme bone 1420:1423 arg1 engineering 1432:1442 bone tissue engineering 1420:1442 bone tissue engineering application 1420:1454 The results demonstrate that the PCL/CMC electrospun scaffolds can be an excellent candidate for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 9 62 theme PCL/CMC 1180:1186 arg1 nanofibers 1188:1197 The PCL/CMC nanofibers 1176:1197 The PCL/CMC nanofibers 1176:1197 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 5 63 theme CMC 763:765 arg1 scaffold 767:774 CMC scaffold 763:774 CMC scaffold 763:774 The water contact angle of PCL scaffold was reduced on the addition of 15% CMC from 123 ± 1° to 51 ± 3° in high concentration of CMC scaffold. 29654862 9 64 theme proliferation 1219:1231 arg1 trend 1233:1237 promoting proliferation trend 1209:1237 promoting proliferation trend 1209:1237 The PCL/CMC nanofibers exhibited promoting proliferation trend, compared to the PCL and PCL/CTS ones, especially at maximum concentrations of CMC. 29654862 6 65 from fibers 801:806 arg1 PCL/CTS 811:817 PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 811:837 PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 811:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 7 66 theme PCL/CMC 1048:1054 arg1 scaffolds 1056:1064 PCL/CMC scaffolds 1048:1064 PCL/CMC scaffolds 1048:1064 FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds. 29654862 6 67 from diameter 789:796 arg1 PCL/CTS 811:817 PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 811:837 PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 811:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 8 68 from culturing 1071:1079 arg1 scaffolds 1121:1129 the scaffolds 1117:1129 the scaffolds 1117:1129 The culturing of human osteoblast cells (MG63) on the scaffolds showed that all scaffolds are biocompatible. 29654862 6 69 theme fibers 801:806 arg1 diameter 789:796 The average diameter 777:796 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% 777:837 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 69 theme fibers 801:806 arg1 439 844:846 439 844:846 439 844:846 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 6 70 dep fibers 943:948 arg1 diameter 950:957 diameter 950:957 diameter 950:957 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 0 71 theme engineering 78:88 arg1 application 90:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 bone tissue engineering application 66:100 Polycaprolactone/carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. 29654862 6 72 theme blended 970:976 arg1 scaffolds 978:986 other blended scaffolds 964:986 other blended scaffolds 964:986 The average diameter of fibers in PCL/CTS 15% and PCL/CMC 15% were 439 and 356 nm, respectively, which demonstrated higher concentrations of CMC resulted in decrease fibers diameter than other blended scaffolds. 29654862 7 73 theme PCL/CTS 1036:1042 arg1 composition 1021:1031 the composition 1017:1031 the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds 1017:1064 FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the composition of PCL/CTS and PCL/CMC scaffolds. 29654862 1 74 theme nanofibrous 178:188 arg1 scaffolds 190:198 nanofibrous scaffolds 178:198 nanofibrous scaffolds 178:198 This research focused on the physical properties and cell compatibility of nanofibrous scaffolds based on polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CTS) and PCL/carboxymethyl chitosan (PCL/CMC) blends for bone tissue engineering application. 29551682 10 0 theme development 1744:1754 arg1 study 1718:1722 the study 1714:1722 the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies 1714:1785 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 2 1 theme tumor 323:327 arg1 biology 329:335 tumor biology 323:335 tumor biology 323:335 To further investigate the role of CSCs in tumor biology, there is a need to develop an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs. 29551682 1 2 theme tumor 233:237 arg1 resistance 239:248 tumor resistance 233:248 tumor resistance 233:248 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 9 3 theme CSCs 1523:1526 arg1 enrichment 1509:1518 the enrichment 1505:1518 the enrichment of CSCs 1505:1526 It is indicated that the chemical composition of scaffold plays an important role in the enrichment of CSCs. 29551682 2 4 from role 307:310 arg1 biology 329:335 tumor biology 323:335 tumor biology 323:335 To further investigate the role of CSCs in tumor biology, there is a need to develop an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs. 29551682 6 5 theme conventional 1123:1134 arg1 monolayers 1139:1148 conventional 2D monolayers 1123:1148 conventional 2D monolayers 1123:1148 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 4 6 theme culture 586:592 arg1 cells 601:605 culture cancer cells 586:605 culture cancer cells 586:605 Recently, researchers have begun to utilize 3D models to culture cancer cells for CSCs enrichment. 29551682 10 7 theme therapies 1777:1785 arg1 development 1744:1754 development 1744:1754 development of novel anti-cancer therapies 1744:1785 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 7 theme therapies 1777:1785 arg1 biology 1732:1738 CSCs biology 1727:1738 CSCs biology 1727:1738 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 8 theme GSCs-like 1605:1613 arg1 cells 1615:1619 GSCs-like cells 1605:1619 GSCs-like cells 1605:1619 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 3 9 used used 486:489 arg2 model 464:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 6 10 theme GSCs 1095:1098 arg1 biomarkers 1100:1109 GSCs biomarkers 1095:1109 GSCs biomarkers 1095:1109 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 7 11 theme -related 1263:1270 arg1 gene 1272:1275 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1221:1275 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1221:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 3 12 theme tumor 494:498 arg1 research 500:507 tumor research 494:507 tumor research 494:507 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 10 13 contain have 1570:1573 arg1 way 1661:1663 a simple and effective way 1638:1663 a simple and effective way to cultivate 1638:1676 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 13 contain have 1570:1573 arg2 capability 1584:1593 a better capability 1575:1593 a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells 1575:1619 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 13 contain have 1570:1573 arg1 in vitro 1694:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 13 contain have 1570:1573 arg1 scaffolds 1560:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 8 14 dep cells 1383:1387 arg1 cells 1413:1417 cultured cells 1404:1417 cultured cells 1404:1417 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 5 15 theme chitosan-hyaluronic 715:733 arg1 CS-HA 741:745 CS-HA 741:745 CS-HA 741:745 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 15 theme chitosan-hyaluronic 715:733 arg1 acid 735:738 chitosan-hyaluronic acid 715:738 chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds 715:756 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 8 16 theme CS-HA 1333:1337 arg1 scaffold 1339:1346 CS-HA scaffold 1333:1346 CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1333:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 7 17 theme transition 1247:1256 arg1 gene 1272:1275 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1221:1275 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1221:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 5 18 dep morphology 849:858 arg1 cells 921:925 cells 921:925 cells 921:925 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 19 theme scaffolds 911:919 arg1 tumorigenicity 890:903 in vivo tumorigenicity 882:903 in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds 882:919 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 19 theme scaffolds 911:919 arg1 morphology 849:858 the morphology 845:858 the morphology 845:858 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 19 theme scaffolds 911:919 arg1 expression 866:875 gene expression 861:875 gene expression 861:875 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 1 20 theme stem 116:119 arg1 cells 121:125 Cancer stem cells 109:125 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) 109:132 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 20 theme stem 116:119 arg1 cause 224:228 the cause 220:228 the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis 220:277 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 20 theme stem 116:119 arg1 CSCs 128:131 CSCs 128:131 CSCs 128:131 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 8 21 theme cultured 1348:1355 arg1 cells 1357:1361 CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1333:1361 CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1333:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 9 22 theme chemical 1445:1452 arg1 composition 1454:1464 the chemical composition 1441:1464 the chemical composition of scaffold 1441:1476 It is indicated that the chemical composition of scaffold plays an important role in the enrichment of CSCs. 29551682 5 23 theme -like 812:816 arg1 cells 818:822 -like cells 812:822 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 7 24 theme expression 1200:1209 arg1 levels 1211:1216 higher expression levels 1193:1216 higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1193:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 4 25 theme CSCs 611:614 arg1 enrichment 616:625 CSCs enrichment 611:625 CSCs enrichment 611:625 Recently, researchers have begun to utilize 3D models to culture cancer cells for CSCs enrichment. 29551682 5 26 theme acid 735:738 arg1 scaffolds 748:756 chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds 715:756 chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds 715:756 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 27 theme glioma 788:793 arg1 GSCs 807:810 GSCs 807:810 GSCs 807:810 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 27 theme glioma 788:793 arg1 cells 800:804 glioma stem cells 788:804 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 28 theme porous 681:686 arg1 CS 698:699 CS 698:699 CS 698:699 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 28 theme porous 681:686 arg1 chitosan 688:695 3D porous chitosan 678:695 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds 678:710 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 29 theme cells 800:804 arg1 enrichment 824:833 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 0 30 from Enrichment 0:9 arg1 porous 48:53 3D porous 45:53 3D porous 45:53 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 10 31 theme better 1577:1582 arg1 capability 1584:1593 a better capability 1575:1593 a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells 1575:1619 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 1 32 dep cells 121:125 arg1 tumor-initiating 141:156 tumor-initiating 141:156 tumor-initiating 141:156 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 0 33 theme different 77:85 arg1 matrix 101:106 different extracellular matrix 77:106 different extracellular matrix 77:106 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 5 34 theme 2D 954:955 arg1 controls 957:964 2D controls 954:964 2D controls 954:964 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 3 35 dep Three-dimensional 428:444 arg1 3D 447:448 3D 447:448 3D 447:448 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 8 36 theme CS 1392:1393 arg1 scaffold 1395:1402 CS scaffold 1392:1402 CS scaffold 1392:1402 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 0 37 theme cells 36:40 arg1 Enrichment 0:9 Enrichment 0:9 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous 0:53 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 7 38 theme higher 1193:1198 arg1 levels 1211:1216 higher expression levels 1193:1216 higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1193:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 8 39 theme cultured 1404:1411 arg1 cells 1413:1417 cultured cells 1404:1417 cultured cells 1404:1417 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 1 40 theme reoccurrence 251:262 arg1 cells 121:125 Cancer stem cells 109:125 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) 109:132 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 40 theme reoccurrence 251:262 arg1 cause 224:228 the cause 220:228 the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis 220:277 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 5 41 theme enrichment 824:833 arg1 possibility 773:783 the possibility 769:783 the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 769:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 6 42 theme cell 1048:1051 arg1 spheroids 1053:1061 tumor cell spheroids 1042:1061 tumor cell spheroids 1042:1061 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 2 43 theme culture 378:384 arg1 system 386:391 an effective culture system 365:391 an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs 365:425 To further investigate the role of CSCs in tumor biology, there is a need to develop an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs. 29551682 0 44 theme glioma 14:19 arg1 cells 36:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 1 45 theme metastasis 268:277 arg1 cells 121:125 Cancer stem cells 109:125 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) 109:132 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 45 theme metastasis 268:277 arg1 cause 224:228 the cause 220:228 the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis 220:277 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 0 46 theme cell-like 26:34 arg1 cells 36:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 9 47 theme scaffold 1469:1476 arg1 composition 1454:1464 the chemical composition 1441:1464 the chemical composition of scaffold 1441:1476 It is indicated that the chemical composition of scaffold plays an important role in the enrichment of CSCs. 29551682 5 48 theme 3D 908:909 arg1 scaffolds 911:919 3D scaffolds 908:919 3D scaffolds 908:919 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 7 49 from cells 1164:1168 arg1 scaffolds 1179:1187 CS-HA scaffolds 1173:1187 CS-HA scaffolds 1173:1187 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 6 50 theme glioma 987:992 arg1 cells 994:998 glioma cells 987:998 glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 987:1029 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 10 51 theme CSCs 1727:1730 arg1 biology 1732:1738 CSCs biology 1727:1738 CSCs biology 1727:1738 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 8 52 theme tumorigenicity 1304:1317 arg1 capability 1319:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability 1292:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1292:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 8 52 theme tumorigenicity 1304:1317 arg1 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 3 53 theme culture 456:462 arg1 model 464:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 6 54 theme 2D 1136:1137 arg1 monolayers 1139:1148 conventional 2D monolayers 1123:1148 conventional 2D monolayers 1123:1148 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 1 55 theme resistance 239:248 arg1 cells 121:125 Cancer stem cells 109:125 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) 109:132 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 55 theme resistance 239:248 arg1 cause 224:228 the cause 220:228 the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis 220:277 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 6 56 theme CS-HA 1015:1019 arg1 scaffolds 1021:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 10 57 theme anti-cancer 1765:1775 arg1 therapies 1777:1785 novel anti-cancer therapies 1759:1785 novel anti-cancer therapies 1759:1785 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 6 58 theme biomarkers 1100:1109 arg1 expression 1081:1090 the expression 1077:1090 the expression of GSCs biomarkers 1077:1109 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 10 59 theme simple 1640:1645 arg1 way 1661:1663 a simple and effective way 1638:1663 a simple and effective way to cultivate 1638:1676 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 59 theme simple 1640:1645 arg1 in vitro 1694:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 59 theme simple 1640:1645 arg1 scaffolds 1560:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 1 60 theme self-renewal 163:174 arg1 capacity 176:183 self-renewal capacity 163:183 self-renewal capacity 163:183 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 6 61 theme CS 1008:1009 arg1 scaffolds 1021:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 4 62 theme cancer 594:599 arg1 cells 601:605 culture cancer cells 586:605 culture cancer cells 586:605 Recently, researchers have begun to utilize 3D models to culture cancer cells for CSCs enrichment. 29551682 7 63 theme gene 1272:1275 arg1 levels 1211:1216 higher expression levels 1193:1216 higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1193:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 8 64 theme scaffold 1339:1346 arg1 cells 1357:1361 CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1333:1361 CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1333:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 4 65 theme 3D 573:574 arg1 models 576:581 3D models 573:581 3D models to culture cancer cells for CSCs enrichment 573:625 Recently, researchers have begun to utilize 3D models to culture cancer cells for CSCs enrichment. 29551682 5 66 theme glioma 643:648 arg1 line 655:658 glioma cell line 643:658 glioma cell line 643:658 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 3 67 theme drug 513:516 arg1 screening 518:526 drug screening 513:526 drug screening 513:526 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 1 68 theme Cancer 109:114 arg1 cells 121:125 Cancer stem cells 109:125 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) 109:132 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 68 theme Cancer 109:114 arg1 cause 224:228 the cause 220:228 the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis 220:277 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 68 theme Cancer 109:114 arg1 CSCs 128:131 CSCs 128:131 CSCs 128:131 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 8 69 theme cells 1357:1361 arg1 capability 1319:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability 1292:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1292:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 8 69 theme cells 1357:1361 arg1 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 9 70 theme important 1487:1495 arg1 role 1497:1500 an important role 1484:1500 an important role 1484:1500 It is indicated that the chemical composition of scaffold plays an important role in the enrichment of CSCs. 29551682 10 71 theme CSCs 1689:1692 arg1 way 1661:1663 a simple and effective way 1638:1663 a simple and effective way to cultivate 1638:1676 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 71 theme CSCs 1689:1692 arg1 in vitro 1694:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 71 theme CSCs 1689:1692 arg1 scaffolds 1560:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 7 72 theme epithelial-to-mesenchymal 1221:1245 arg1 EMT 1259:1261 EMT 1259:1261 EMT 1259:1261 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 7 72 theme epithelial-to-mesenchymal 1221:1245 arg1 transition 1247:1256 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition 1221:1256 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1221:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 7 73 contain had 1189:1191 arg1 cells 1164:1168 cells 1164:1168 cells in CS-HA scaffolds 1164:1187 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 7 73 contain had 1189:1191 arg2 levels 1211:1216 higher expression levels 1193:1216 higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene 1193:1275 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 8 74 theme 2D 1380:1381 arg1 cells 1383:1387 2D cells 1380:1387 2D cells 1380:1387 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 6 75 theme tumor 1042:1046 arg1 spheroids 1053:1061 tumor cell spheroids 1042:1061 tumor cell spheroids 1042:1061 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 5 76 theme cell 650:653 arg1 line 655:658 glioma cell line 643:658 glioma cell line 643:658 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 77 theme 3D 678:679 arg1 CS 698:699 CS 698:699 CS 698:699 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 77 theme 3D 678:679 arg1 chitosan 688:695 3D porous chitosan 678:695 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds 678:710 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 78 theme stem 795:798 arg1 GSCs 807:810 GSCs 807:810 GSCs 807:810 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 78 theme stem 795:798 arg1 cells 800:804 glioma stem cells 788:804 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 0 79 theme extracellular 87:99 arg1 matrix 101:106 different extracellular matrix 77:106 different extracellular matrix 77:106 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 10 80 theme CS-HA 1554:1558 arg1 way 1661:1663 a simple and effective way 1638:1663 a simple and effective way to cultivate 1638:1676 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 80 theme CS-HA 1554:1558 arg1 in vitro 1694:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 80 theme CS-HA 1554:1558 arg1 scaffolds 1560:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 5 81 theme cells 818:822 arg1 enrichment 824:833 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment 788:833 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 7 82 theme CS-HA 1173:1177 arg1 scaffolds 1179:1187 CS-HA scaffolds 1173:1187 CS-HA scaffolds 1173:1187 Furthermore, cells in CS-HA scaffolds had higher expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene. 29551682 10 83 theme effective 1651:1659 arg1 way 1661:1663 a simple and effective way 1638:1663 a simple and effective way to cultivate 1638:1676 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 83 theme effective 1651:1659 arg1 in vitro 1694:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 CSCs in vitro 1689:1701 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 10 83 theme effective 1651:1659 arg1 scaffolds 1560:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 CS-HA scaffolds 1554:1568 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 0 84 theme stem 21:24 arg1 cells 36:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 glioma stem cell-like cells 14:40 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 0 85 dep scaffolds 55:63 arg1 composed 65:72 composed 65:72 scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix 55:106 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 2 86 theme effective 368:376 arg1 system 386:391 an effective culture system 365:391 an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs 365:425 To further investigate the role of CSCs in tumor biology, there is a need to develop an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs. 29551682 5 87 theme chitosan 688:695 arg1 scaffolds 702:710 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds 678:710 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds 678:710 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 5 88 theme in vivo 882:888 arg1 tumorigenicity 890:903 in vivo tumorigenicity 882:903 in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds 882:919 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 0 89 theme 3D 45:46 arg1 porous 48:53 3D porous 45:53 3D porous 45:53 Enrichment of glioma stem cell-like cells on 3D porous scaffolds composed of different extracellular matrix. 29551682 10 90 theme biology 1732:1738 arg1 study 1718:1722 the study 1714:1722 the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies 1714:1785 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 6 91 from cells 994:998 arg1 scaffolds 1021:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 both CS and CS-HA scaffolds 1003:1029 Results showed that glioma cells on both CS and CS-HA scaffolds could form tumor cell spheroids and increased the expression of GSCs biomarkers compared to conventional 2D monolayers. 29551682 2 92 theme CSCs 315:318 arg1 role 307:310 the role 303:310 the role of CSCs in tumor biology 303:335 To further investigate the role of CSCs in tumor biology, there is a need to develop an effective culture system to grow, maintain and enrich CSCs. 29551682 1 93 with tumor-initiating 141:156 arg1 heterogeneity 189:201 heterogeneity 189:201 heterogeneity 189:201 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 1 93 with tumor-initiating 141:156 arg1 capacity 176:183 self-renewal capacity 163:183 self-renewal capacity 163:183 Cancer stem cells (CSCs), being tumor-initiating with self-renewal capacity and heterogeneity, are most likely the cause of tumor resistance, reoccurrence and metastasis. 29551682 3 94 theme cell 451:454 arg1 model 464:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 5 95 theme gene 861:864 arg1 expression 866:875 gene expression 861:875 gene expression 861:875 In this study, glioma cell line was cultured with 3D porous chitosan (CS) scaffolds or chitosan-hyaluronic acid (CS-HA) scaffolds to explore the possibility of glioma stem cells (GSCs)-like cells enrichment, to study the morphology, gene expression, and in vivo tumorigenicity of 3D scaffolds cells, and to compare results to 2D controls. 29551682 3 96 theme Three-dimensional 428:444 arg1 model 464:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model 428:468 Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model has been widely used in tumor research and drug screening. 29551682 10 97 theme novel 1759:1763 arg1 therapies 1777:1785 novel anti-cancer therapies 1759:1785 novel anti-cancer therapies 1759:1785 Our results suggest that CS-HA scaffolds have a better capability to enrich GSCs-like cells and can serve as a simple and effective way to cultivate and enrich CSCs in vitro to support the study of CSCs biology and development of novel anti-cancer therapies. 29551682 8 98 theme in vivo 1296:1302 arg1 capability 1319:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability 1292:1328 the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells 1292:1361 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 29551682 8 98 theme in vivo 1296:1302 arg1 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 greater 1367:1373 Specifically, the in vivo tumorigenicity capability of CS-HA scaffold cultured cells was greater than 2D cells or CS scaffold cultured cells. 30739425 4 0 theme gelatin/chitosan 888:903 arg1 release 924:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 8 1 from amount 1972:1977 arg1 group 2015:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 2 theme expression 2085:2094 arg1 level 2096:2100 the expression level 2081:2100 the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ 2081:2119 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 2 theme expression 2085:2094 arg1 higher 2125:2130 higher 2125:2130 higher 2125:2130 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 3 3 theme Drug 712:715 arg1 efficiency 731:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 0 4 theme stem 211:214 arg1 cells 216:220 mesenchymal stem cells 199:220 mesenchymal stem cells 199:220 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 5 theme /zirconium 449:458 arg1 ZrO 469:471 ZrO 469:471 ZrO 469:471 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 5 theme /zirconium 449:458 arg1 dioxide 460:466 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide 336:466 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 6 6 contain had 1578:1580 arg2 loading 1628:1634 drug loading 1623:1634 drug loading 1623:1634 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 6 6 contain had 1578:1580 arg2 efficiency 1608:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 6 6 contain had 1578:1580 arg1 system 1571:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 4 7 theme sustained 914:922 arg1 release 924:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 8 theme immunohistochemical 1386:1404 arg1 staining 1406:1413 immunohistochemical staining 1386:1413 immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture 1386:1435 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 1 9 theme hydrogel 301:308 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 9 theme hydrogel 301:308 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 9 theme hydrogel 301:308 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 2 10 theme gelatin/chitosan 633:648 arg1 microspheres 659:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. 30739425 7 11 theme collagen 1742:1749 arg1 type 1751:1754 collagen type Ⅰ 1742:1756 collagen type Ⅰ 1742:1756 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 8 12 theme type 2114:2117 arg1 level 2096:2100 the expression level 2081:2100 the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ 2081:2119 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 12 theme type 2114:2117 arg1 higher 2125:2130 higher 2125:2130 higher 2125:2130 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 3 13 theme drug 743:746 arg1 loading 748:754 drug loading 743:754 drug loading 743:754 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 5 14 theme collagen 1354:1361 arg1 Ⅰ 1368:1368 collagen type Ⅰ 1354:1368 collagen type Ⅰ 1354:1368 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 15 from days 1138:1141 arg1 groups 1168:1173 the two groups 1160:1173 the two groups 1160:1173 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 2 16 dep Methods 619:625 arg1 prepared 677:684 prepared 677:684 were prepared by water-in-oil solution 672:709 Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. 30739425 1 17 with co-implant 336:345 arg1 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 17 with co-implant 336:345 arg1 cells 377:381 induced pluripotent stem cells 352:381 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 352:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 3 18 theme sustained 770:778 arg1 rate 788:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 1 19 theme bio 476:478 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 19 theme bio 476:478 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 11 20 contain have 2377:2380 arg2 ability 2386:2392 the ability 2382:2392 the ability 2382:2392 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 11 20 contain have 2377:2380 arg1 iPS-MSCs 2368:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs 2357:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs 2357:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 3 21 theme in 761:762 arg1 rate 788:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 4 22 theme experimental 976:987 arg1 group 989:993 experimental group 976:993 experimental group 976:993 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 22 theme experimental 976:987 arg1 system 950:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 1 23 theme bone 247:250 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 23 theme bone 247:250 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 23 theme bone 247:250 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 4 24 theme system 932:937 arg1 group 989:993 experimental group 976:993 experimental group 976:993 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 24 theme system 932:937 arg1 system 950:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 8 25 theme control 2149:2155 arg1 group 2157:2161 the control group 2145:2161 the control group 2145:2161 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 0 26 theme stem 180:183 arg1 cells 185:189 pluripotent stem cells 168:189 pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells 168:220 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 6 27 theme hydrogel 1544:1551 arg1 system 1571:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 11 28 theme sustained-release 2492:2508 arg1 system 2510:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 6 29 theme BMP-2 1521:1525 arg1 system 1571:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 5 30 theme Ⅰ 1290:1290 arg1 levels 1229:1234 gene expression levels 1213:1234 gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) 1213:1309 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 11 31 theme gelatin/chitosan 2466:2481 arg1 system 2510:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 12 32 theme system 2568:2573 arg1 combination 2522:2532 The combination 2518:2532 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system 2518:2573 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better. 30739425 5 33 theme collagen 1276:1283 arg1 Ⅰ 1290:1290 collagen type Ⅰ 1276:1290 collagen type Ⅰ 1276:1290 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 34 theme gene 1213:1216 arg1 levels 1229:1234 gene expression levels 1213:1234 gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) 1213:1309 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 3 35 dep in 761:762 arg1 vitro 764:768 vitro 764:768 vitro 764:768 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 4 36 theme BMP-2 1030:1034 arg1 hydrogel 1063:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 37 theme culture 1429:1435 arg1 days 1421:1424 14 days 1418:1424 14 days of culture 1418:1435 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 12 38 theme cell 2617:2620 arg1 activity 2622:2629 the cell activity 2613:2629 the cell activity 2613:2629 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better. 30739425 5 39 theme alpha 1259:1263 arg1 levels 1229:1234 gene expression levels 1213:1234 gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) 1213:1309 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 0 40 theme sustained-release 74:90 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 7 41 theme in 1889:1890 arg1 system 1909:1914 the in vitro co-culture system 1885:1914 the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05) 1885:1924 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 41 theme in 1889:1890 arg1 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 0 42 theme composite 99:107 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 4 43 theme cell 1000:1003 arg1 complex 1014:1020 cell scaffold complex 1000:1020 cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1000:1070 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 8 44 from fluorescence 1982:1993 arg1 group 2015:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 2 45 theme hydrogel 650:657 arg1 microspheres 659:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. 30739425 0 46 theme dioxide 134:140 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 47 theme stem 409:412 arg1 MSCs 421:424 MSCs 421:424 MSCs 421:424 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 47 theme stem 409:412 arg1 cells 414:418 mesenchymal stem cells 397:418 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 397:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 7 48 theme time 1870:1873 arg1 points 1875:1880 different time points 1860:1880 different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05) 1860:1924 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 6 49 theme encapsulation 1594:1606 arg1 efficiency 1608:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 6 50 theme BMP-2 1676:1680 arg1 time 1668:1671 the activity time 1655:1671 the activity time of BMP-2 1655:1680 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 0 51 theme [In 0:2 arg1 study 10:14 [In vitro study 0:14 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 0:46 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 52 theme sustained-release 310:326 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 52 theme sustained-release 310:326 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 52 theme sustained-release 310:326 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 4 53 theme composite 859:867 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 54 theme control 1100:1106 arg1 group 1108:1112 control group 1100:1112 control group 1100:1112 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 1 55 theme sustained-release 551:567 arg1 system 569:574 sustained-release system 551:574 sustained-release system 551:574 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 5 56 theme cells 1193:1197 arg1 secretion 1180:1188 ALP secretion 1176:1188 ALP secretion of cells 1176:1197 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 7 57 theme control 1843:1849 arg1 group 1851:1855 the control group 1839:1855 the control group 1839:1855 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 4 58 theme gelatin/chitosan 1046:1061 arg1 hydrogel 1063:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 59 theme scanning 1483:1490 arg1 microscopy 1501:1510 scanning electron microscopy 1483:1510 scanning electron microscopy 1483:1510 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 4 60 theme bio 835:837 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 1 61 theme iPS-MSCs 609:616 arg1 differentiation 590:604 osteogenic differentiation 579:604 osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs 579:616 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 0 62 theme bone 19:22 arg1 protein 38:44 bone morphogenetic protein 2 19:46 bone morphogenetic protein 2 19:46 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 7 63 theme experimental 1780:1791 arg1 group 1793:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 4 64 theme ceramic 846:852 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 0 65 theme protein 38:44 arg1 study 10:14 [In vitro study 0:14 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 0:46 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 66 theme pluripotent 360:370 arg1 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 66 theme pluripotent 360:370 arg1 cells 377:381 induced pluripotent stem cells 352:381 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 352:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 2 67 theme BMP-2 627:631 arg1 microspheres 659:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres 627:670 Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. 30739425 7 68 from expression 1721:1730 arg1 group 1793:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 1 69 theme morphogenetic 252:264 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 69 theme morphogenetic 252:264 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 69 theme morphogenetic 252:264 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 8 70 theme collagen 2105:2112 arg1 type 2114:2117 collagen type Ⅰ 2105:2119 collagen type Ⅰ 2105:2119 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 7 71 theme OSX 1763:1765 arg1 genes 1767:1771 OSX genes 1763:1771 OSX genes 1763:1771 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 8 72 theme control 2061:2067 arg1 group 2069:2073 the control group 2057:2073 the control group 2057:2073 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 4 73 theme HA/ZrO 826:831 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 74 theme core 1239:1242 arg1 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 74 theme core 1239:1242 arg1 alpha 1259:1263 core binding factor alpha 1 1239:1265 core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1) 1239:1273 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 74 theme core 1239:1242 arg1 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 0 75 dep [In 0:2 arg1 vitro 4:8 vitro 4:8 vitro 4:8 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 5 76 theme expression 1218:1227 arg1 levels 1229:1234 gene expression levels 1213:1234 gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) 1213:1309 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 10 77 theme electron 2268:2275 arg1 microscopy 2277:2286 Scanning electron microscopy 2259:2286 Scanning electron microscopy 2259:2286 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sustained-release system could adhere to cells well. 30739425 1 78 theme BMP-2 277:281 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 78 theme BMP-2 277:281 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 78 theme BMP-2 277:281 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 4 79 theme BMP-2 882:886 arg1 release 924:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 7 80 theme type 1751:1754 arg1 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 80 theme type 1751:1754 arg1 secretion 1687:1695 The secretion 1683:1695 The secretion of ALP 1683:1702 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 80 theme type 1751:1754 arg1 expression 1721:1730 the relative expression 1708:1730 the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group 1708:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 3 81 theme encapsulation 717:729 arg1 efficiency 731:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 1 82 theme dioxide 460:466 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 82 theme dioxide 460:466 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 83 theme gelatin/chitosan 284:299 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 83 theme gelatin/chitosan 284:299 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 83 theme gelatin/chitosan 284:299 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 4 84 theme hydrogel 905:912 arg1 release 924:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release 882:930 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 85 theme Ⅰ 1368:1368 arg1 expression 1340:1349 the expression 1336:1349 the expression of collagen type Ⅰ 1336:1368 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 8 86 theme fluorescence 1982:1993 arg1 more 2039:2042 more 2039:2042 more 2039:2042 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 86 theme fluorescence 1982:1993 arg1 fluorescence 1982:1993 fluorescence 1982:1993 fluorescence in the experimental group 1982:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 86 theme fluorescence 1982:1993 arg1 amount 1972:1977 the amount 1968:1977 the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group 1968:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 4 87 theme foam 854:857 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 7 88 from secretion 1687:1695 arg1 group 1793:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 the experimental group 1776:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 5 89 theme type 1363:1366 arg1 Ⅰ 1368:1368 collagen type Ⅰ 1354:1368 collagen type Ⅰ 1354:1368 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 11 90 theme differentiation 2408:2422 arg1 ability 2386:2392 the ability 2382:2392 the ability 2382:2392 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 5 91 from days 1421:1424 arg1 staining 1406:1413 immunohistochemical staining 1386:1413 immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture 1386:1435 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 4 92 theme iPS-MSCs 869:876 arg1 group 989:993 experimental group 976:993 experimental group 976:993 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 92 theme iPS-MSCs 869:876 arg1 system 950:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 7 93 theme relative 1712:1719 arg1 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 93 theme relative 1712:1719 arg1 expression 1721:1730 the relative expression 1708:1730 the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group 1708:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 3 94 theme release 780:786 arg1 rate 788:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 1 95 theme porous 480:485 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 95 theme porous 480:485 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 0 96 theme pluripotent 168:178 arg1 cells 185:189 pluripotent stem cells 168:189 pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells 168:220 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 7 97 from points 1875:1880 arg1 system 1909:1914 the in vitro co-culture system 1885:1914 the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05) 1885:1924 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 97 from points 1875:1880 arg1 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 6 98 theme activity 1659:1666 arg1 time 1668:1671 the activity time 1655:1671 the activity time of BMP-2 1655:1680 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 5 99 theme ALP 1176:1178 arg1 secretion 1180:1188 ALP secretion 1176:1188 ALP secretion of cells 1176:1197 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 3 100 theme microspheres 800:811 arg1 efficiency 731:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency 712:740 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 3 100 theme microspheres 800:811 arg1 loading 748:754 drug loading 743:754 drug loading 743:754 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 3 100 theme microspheres 800:811 arg1 rate 788:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 in vitro sustained release rate 761:791 Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. 30739425 6 101 theme sustained-release 1553:1569 arg1 system 1571:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 7 102 theme co-culture 1898:1907 arg1 system 1909:1914 the in vitro co-culture system 1885:1914 the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05) 1885:1924 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 102 theme co-culture 1898:1907 arg1 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 P<0.05 1918:1923 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 4 103 theme release 924:930 arg1 group 989:993 experimental group 976:993 experimental group 976:993 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 103 theme release 924:930 arg1 system 950:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 11 104 theme hydrogel 2483:2490 arg1 system 2510:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 1 105 theme osteogenic 579:588 arg1 differentiation 590:604 osteogenic differentiation 579:604 osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs 579:616 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 0 106 theme mesenchymal 199:209 arg1 cells 216:220 mesenchymal stem cells 199:220 mesenchymal stem cells 199:220 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 6 107 theme gelatin/chitosan 1527:1542 arg1 system 1571:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 1521:1576 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 4 108 theme co-culture 939:948 arg1 group 989:993 experimental group 976:993 experimental group 976:993 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 4 108 theme co-culture 939:948 arg1 system 950:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system 826:955 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 11 109 theme BMP-2 2460:2464 arg1 system 2510:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 2460:2515 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 1 110 from effect 541:546 arg1 differentiation 590:604 osteogenic differentiation 579:604 osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs 579:616 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 11 111 theme Conclusion 2357:2366 arg1 iPS-MSCs 2368:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs 2357:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs 2357:2375 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 0 112 theme hydrogel 65:72 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 6 113 dep Results 1513:1519 arg1 had 1578:1580 had 1578:1580 had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading 1578:1634 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 6 113 dep Results 1513:1519 arg1 prolong 1647:1653 prolong 1647:1653 could prolong the activity time of BMP-2 1641:1680 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 4 114 theme scaffold 1005:1012 arg1 complex 1014:1020 cell scaffold complex 1000:1020 cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1000:1070 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 115 theme factor 1252:1257 arg1 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 115 theme factor 1252:1257 arg1 alpha 1259:1263 core binding factor alpha 1 1239:1265 core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1) 1239:1273 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 115 theme factor 1252:1257 arg1 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 0 116 theme system 92:97 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 5 117 theme co-culture 1146:1155 arg1 days 1138:1141 3, 7, 10, and 14 days 1121:1141 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups 1121:1173 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 10 118 theme Scanning 2259:2266 arg1 microscopy 2277:2286 Scanning electron microscopy 2259:2286 Scanning electron microscopy 2259:2286 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sustained-release system could adhere to cells well. 30739425 12 119 theme iPS-MSCs 2537:2544 arg1 combination 2522:2532 The combination 2518:2532 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system 2518:2573 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better. 30739425 0 120 theme hydroxyapatite/zirconium 109:132 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 6 121 theme drug 1623:1626 arg1 loading 1628:1634 drug loading 1623:1634 drug loading 1623:1634 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 10 122 theme sustained-release 2304:2320 arg1 system 2322:2327 the sustained-release system 2300:2327 the sustained-release system 2300:2327 Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sustained-release system could adhere to cells well. 30739425 5 123 theme cell 1442:1445 arg1 creep 1447:1451 cell creep 1442:1451 cell creep 1442:1451 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 12 124 theme sustained-release 2550:2566 arg1 system 2568:2573 sustained-release system 2550:2573 sustained-release system 2550:2573 The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better. 30739425 5 125 theme Osterix 1297:1303 arg1 levels 1229:1234 gene expression levels 1213:1234 gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) 1213:1309 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 0 126 theme foam 142:145 arg1 ceramics 147:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics 65:154 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 127 theme mesenchymal 397:407 arg1 MSCs 421:424 MSCs 421:424 MSCs 421:424 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 127 theme mesenchymal 397:407 arg1 cells 414:418 mesenchymal stem cells 397:418 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 397:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 7 128 theme different 1860:1868 arg1 points 1875:1880 different time points 1860:1880 different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05) 1860:1924 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 8 129 theme experimental 2002:2013 arg1 group 2015:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 the experimental group 1998:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 11 130 theme osteogenic 2397:2406 arg1 differentiation 2408:2422 osteogenic differentiation 2397:2422 osteogenic differentiation 2397:2422 Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. 30739425 8 131 theme Immunohistochemical 1927:1945 arg1 staining 1947:1954 Immunohistochemical staining 1927:1954 Immunohistochemical staining 1927:1954 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 6 132 theme drug 1589:1592 arg1 efficiency 1608:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 drug encapsulation efficiency 1589:1617 Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. 30739425 4 133 theme release 1082:1088 arg1 system 1090:1095 release system 1082:1095 release system 1082:1095 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 7 134 theme ALP 1700:1702 arg1 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 134 theme ALP 1700:1702 arg1 secretion 1687:1695 The secretion 1683:1695 The secretion of ALP 1683:1702 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 134 theme ALP 1700:1702 arg1 expression 1721:1730 the relative expression 1708:1730 the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group 1708:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 2 135 theme water-in-oil 689:700 arg1 solution 702:709 water-in-oil solution 689:709 water-in-oil solution 689:709 Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. 30739425 5 136 theme type 1285:1288 arg1 Ⅰ 1290:1290 collagen type Ⅰ 1276:1290 collagen type Ⅰ 1276:1290 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 7 137 dep in 1889:1890 arg1 vitro 1892:1896 vitro 1892:1896 vitro 1892:1896 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 138 theme Cbfa1 1735:1739 arg1 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 138 theme Cbfa1 1735:1739 arg1 secretion 1687:1695 The secretion 1683:1695 The secretion of ALP 1683:1702 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 138 theme Cbfa1 1735:1739 arg1 expression 1721:1730 the relative expression 1708:1730 the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group 1708:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 1 139 theme system 569:574 arg1 effect 541:546 the effect 537:546 the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs 537:616 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 0 140 theme morphogenetic 24:36 arg1 protein 38:44 bone morphogenetic protein 2 19:46 bone morphogenetic protein 2 19:46 [In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. 30739425 1 141 theme co-implant 336:345 arg1 ZrO 469:471 ZrO 469:471 ZrO 469:471 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 141 theme co-implant 336:345 arg1 dioxide 460:466 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide 336:466 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 4 142 theme composite 1036:1044 arg1 hydrogel 1063:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel 1030:1070 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 5 143 theme electron 1492:1499 arg1 microscopy 1501:1510 scanning electron microscopy 1483:1510 scanning electron microscopy 1483:1510 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 1 144 theme ceramic 487:493 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 144 theme ceramic 487:493 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 145 theme induced 352:358 arg1 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 145 theme induced 352:358 arg1 cells 377:381 induced pluripotent stem cells 352:381 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 352:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 8 146 from group 2015:2019 arg1 more 2039:2042 more 2039:2042 more 2039:2042 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 146 from group 2015:2019 arg1 fluorescence 1982:1993 fluorescence 1982:1993 fluorescence in the experimental group 1982:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 8 146 from group 2015:2019 arg1 amount 1972:1977 the amount 1968:1977 the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group 1968:2019 Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. 30739425 4 147 theme porous 839:844 arg1 iPS-MSCs 869:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs 826:876 HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. 30739425 1 148 theme stem 372:375 arg1 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 iPS 384:386 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 148 theme stem 372:375 arg1 cells 377:381 induced pluripotent stem cells 352:381 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 352:425 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 9 149 theme cell 2233:2236 arg1 good 2253:2256 good 2253:2256 good 2253:2256 The cells could be more evenly distributed on the materials, and the cell morphology was good. 30739425 9 149 theme cell 2233:2236 arg1 morphology 2238:2247 the cell morphology 2229:2247 the cell morphology 2229:2247 The cells could be more evenly distributed on the materials, and the cell morphology was good. 30739425 1 150 theme protein 266:272 arg1 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 co-culture 501:510 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 150 theme protein 266:272 arg1 system 328:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system 247:333 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 1 150 theme protein 266:272 arg1 foam 495:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam 336:498 Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. 30739425 7 151 theme genes 1767:1771 arg1 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 higher 1818:1823 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 151 theme genes 1767:1771 arg1 secretion 1687:1695 The secretion 1683:1695 The secretion of ALP 1683:1702 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 7 151 theme genes 1767:1771 arg1 expression 1721:1730 the relative expression 1708:1730 the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group 1708:1797 The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). 30739425 5 152 theme binding 1244:1250 arg1 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 OSX 1306:1308 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 152 theme binding 1244:1250 arg1 alpha 1259:1263 core binding factor alpha 1 1239:1265 core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1) 1239:1273 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30739425 5 152 theme binding 1244:1250 arg1 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 Cbfa1 1268:1272 After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 30832849 0 0 theme biomedical 82:91 arg1 application 93:103 biomedical application 82:103 biomedical application 82:103 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. 30832849 1 1 theme excellent 154:162 arg1 properties 175:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 1 2 theme tissue 262:267 arg1 scaffolding 269:279 tissue scaffolding 262:279 tissue scaffolding 262:279 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 6 3 theme composite 886:894 arg1 fiber 896:900 the composite fiber 882:900 the composite fiber 882:900 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 7 4 theme regenerative 1135:1146 arg1 medicine 1148:1155 regenerative medicine 1135:1155 regenerative medicine 1135:1155 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 2 5 theme calcium 360:366 arg1 lactate 368:374 calcium lactate 360:374 calcium lactate 360:374 In this study, a facile procedure was established to regenerate cellulose and calcium lactate (CaL) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications. 30832849 7 6 theme PCL 1117:1119 arg1 nanofiber 1121:1129 the PCL nanofiber 1113:1129 the PCL nanofiber 1113:1129 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 2 7 theme facile 299:304 arg1 procedure 306:314 a facile procedure 297:314 a facile procedure 297:314 In this study, a facile procedure was established to regenerate cellulose and calcium lactate (CaL) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications. 30832849 6 8 theme fiber 985:989 arg1 properties 957:966 the biological and physicochemical properties 922:966 the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber 922:989 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 4 9 theme calcium 712:718 arg1 solution 730:737 calcium hydroxide solution 712:737 calcium hydroxide solution 712:737 Later on, as-prepared membranes were treated with calcium hydroxide solution. 30832849 3 10 theme acid 505:508 arg1 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 10 theme acid 505:508 arg1 amounts 487:493 varying amounts 479:493 varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) 479:513 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 10 theme acid 505:508 arg1 acid 505:508 lactic acid 498:508 lactic acid (LA) 498:513 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 6 11 theme composite 975:983 arg1 fiber 985:989 the composite fiber 971:989 the composite fiber 971:989 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 6 12 theme CaL 873:875 arg1 regeneration 843:854 In situ regeneration 835:854 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber 835:900 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 5 13 theme LA 785:786 arg1 contents 788:795 CA and LA contents 778:795 CA and LA contents 778:795 This process simultaneously converted CA and LA contents into Cellulose and CaL, respectively. 30832849 1 14 contain have 149:152 arg2 properties 175:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 1 14 contain have 149:152 arg1 polymers 116:123 Synthetic polymers 106:123 Synthetic polymers 106:123 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 0 15 theme Simultaneous 0:11 arg1 regeneration 13:24 Simultaneous regeneration 0:24 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL 0:66 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. 30832849 2 16 theme engineering 444:454 arg1 applications 456:467 tissue engineering applications 437:467 tissue engineering applications 437:467 In this study, a facile procedure was established to regenerate cellulose and calcium lactate (CaL) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications. 30832849 6 17 theme Cellulose 859:867 arg1 regeneration 843:854 In situ regeneration 835:854 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber 835:900 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 7 18 theme bioactive 1089:1097 arg1 molecule 1099:1106 bioactive molecule 1089:1106 bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1089:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 3 19 theme PCL 543:545 arg1 blend 534:538 the blend 530:538 the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions 530:582 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 7 20 theme simultaneous 1045:1056 arg1 regeneration 1058:1069 simultaneous regeneration 1045:1069 simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1045:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 1 21 theme low 190:192 arg1 wettability 194:204 low wettability 190:204 low wettability 190:204 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 2 22 theme tissue 437:442 arg1 applications 456:467 tissue engineering applications 437:467 tissue engineering applications 437:467 In this study, a facile procedure was established to regenerate cellulose and calcium lactate (CaL) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications. 30832849 7 23 theme molecule 1099:1106 arg1 regeneration 1058:1069 simultaneous regeneration 1045:1069 simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1045:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 0 24 theme calcium 29:35 arg1 regeneration 13:24 Simultaneous regeneration 0:24 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL 0:66 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. 30832849 7 25 theme biopolymer 1074:1083 arg1 regeneration 1058:1069 simultaneous regeneration 1045:1069 simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1045:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 1 26 theme Synthetic 106:114 arg1 polymers 116:123 Synthetic polymers 106:123 Synthetic polymers 106:123 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 2 27 theme nanofibrous 412:422 arg1 scaffold 424:431 a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold 387:431 a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications 387:467 In this study, a facile procedure was established to regenerate cellulose and calcium lactate (CaL) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous scaffold for tissue engineering applications. 30832849 1 28 theme mechanical 164:173 arg1 properties 175:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 excellent mechanical properties 154:184 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 1 29 theme poor 210:213 arg1 compatibility 220:232 poor cell compatibility 210:232 poor cell compatibility 210:232 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 7 30 theme tissue 1161:1166 arg1 applications 1180:1191 tissue engineering applications 1161:1191 tissue engineering applications 1161:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 4 31 theme as-prepared 672:682 arg1 membranes 684:692 as-prepared membranes 672:692 as-prepared membranes 672:692 Later on, as-prepared membranes were treated with calcium hydroxide solution. 30832849 4 31 theme as-prepared 672:682 arg1 Later 662:666 Later 662:666 Later 662:666 Later on, as-prepared membranes were treated with calcium hydroxide solution. 30832849 3 32 theme optimal 616:622 arg1 membrane 652:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 6 33 theme physicochemical 941:955 arg1 properties 957:966 the biological and physicochemical properties 922:966 the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber 922:989 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 1 34 theme cell 215:218 arg1 compatibility 220:232 poor cell compatibility 210:232 poor cell compatibility 210:232 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 5 35 theme CA 778:779 arg1 contents 788:795 CA and LA contents 778:795 CA and LA contents 778:795 This process simultaneously converted CA and LA contents into Cellulose and CaL, respectively. 30832849 7 36 theme engineering 1168:1178 arg1 applications 1180:1191 tissue engineering applications 1161:1191 tissue engineering applications 1161:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 6 37 theme biological 926:935 arg1 properties 957:966 the biological and physicochemical properties 922:966 the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber 922:989 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 1 38 from applications 246:257 arg1 scaffolding 269:279 tissue scaffolding 262:279 tissue scaffolding 262:279 Synthetic polymers are easy to process and have excellent mechanical properties but low wettability and poor cell compatibility limit their applications in tissue scaffolding. 30832849 6 39 theme In 835:836 arg1 regeneration 843:854 In situ regeneration 835:854 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber 835:900 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30832849 3 40 theme cellulose 551:559 arg1 CA 570:571 CA 570:571 CA 570:571 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 40 theme cellulose 551:559 arg1 acetate 561:567 cellulose acetate 551:567 cellulose acetate (CA) 551:572 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 7 41 theme novel 1013:1017 arg1 strategy 1032:1039 a novel dual-channel strategy 1011:1039 a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1011:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 0 42 theme cellulose 49:57 arg1 regeneration 13:24 Simultaneous regeneration 0:24 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL 0:66 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. 30832849 3 43 dep PCL 543:545 arg1 solutions 574:582 solutions 574:582 solutions 574:582 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 44 theme fibrous 644:650 arg1 membrane 652:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 45 theme acetate 561:567 arg1 blend 534:538 the blend 530:538 the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions 530:582 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 46 theme lactic 498:503 arg1 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 46 theme lactic 498:503 arg1 acid 505:508 lactic acid 498:508 lactic acid (LA) 498:513 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 7 47 theme dual-channel 1019:1030 arg1 strategy 1032:1039 a novel dual-channel strategy 1011:1039 a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications 1011:1191 This work provides a novel dual-channel strategy for simultaneous regeneration of biopolymer and bioactive molecule into the PCL nanofiber for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. 30832849 0 48 dep calcium 29:35 arg1 lactate 37:43 lactate 37:43 lactate 37:43 Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. 30832849 3 49 theme varying 479:485 arg1 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 LA 511:512 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 49 theme varying 479:485 arg1 amounts 487:493 varying amounts 479:493 varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) 479:513 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 49 theme varying 479:485 arg1 acid 505:508 lactic acid 498:508 lactic acid (LA) 498:513 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 3 50 theme composite 624:632 arg1 membrane 652:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 4 51 theme hydroxide 720:728 arg1 solution 730:737 calcium hydroxide solution 712:737 calcium hydroxide solution 712:737 Later on, as-prepared membranes were treated with calcium hydroxide solution. 30832849 3 52 theme PCL/CA/LA 634:642 arg1 membrane 652:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane 613:659 Briefly, varying amounts of lactic acid (LA) was mixed with the blend of PCL and cellulose acetate (CA) solutions and electrospun to fabricate an optimal composite PCL/CA/LA fibrous membrane. 30832849 6 53 dep In 835:836 arg1 situ 838:841 situ 838:841 situ 838:841 In situ regeneration of Cellulose and CaL into the composite fiber remarkably enhanced the biological and physicochemical properties of the composite fiber. 30826401 0 0 theme nanostructured 102:115 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 0 theme nanostructured 102:115 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 3 1 theme successful 466:475 arg1 modification 486:497 The successful grafting modification 462:497 The successful grafting modification 462:497 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 2 2 theme hydrophobic 442:452 arg1 traits 454:459 their hydrophobic traits 436:459 their hydrophobic traits 436:459 In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted onto CNCs, thereby imparting their hydrophobic traits. 30826401 7 3 theme wide-spread 1374:1384 arg1 applications 1386:1397 their wide-spread applications 1368:1397 their wide-spread applications in polymer composites 1368:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 6 4 from increase 1014:1021 arg1 temperatures 1063:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 4 from increase 1014:1021 arg1 moduli 1038:1043 the storage moduli 1026:1043 the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) 1026:1075 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 4 from increase 1014:1021 arg1 morphology 1091:1100 organized morphology 1081:1100 organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1081:1136 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 3 5 theme grafting 477:484 arg1 modification 486:497 The successful grafting modification 462:497 The successful grafting modification 462:497 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 3 6 theme CNCs 665:668 arg1 structure 637:645 crystalline structure 625:645 crystalline structure 625:645 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 3 6 theme CNCs 665:668 arg1 morphology 651:660 morphology 651:660 morphology 651:660 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 4 7 theme PBA-co-PMMA 833:843 arg1 copolymer 845:853 neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer 828:853 neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer 828:853 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 5 8 theme MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 957:973 arg1 nanocomposites 975:988 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 957:988 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 957:988 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 3 9 theme increased 510:518 arg1 stability 528:536 the increased thermal stability 506:536 the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs) 506:561 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 5 10 theme CNC 936:938 arg1 domains 945:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 6 11 theme MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 1105:1121 arg1 nanocomposites 1123:1136 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1105:1136 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1105:1136 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 4 12 theme neat 828:831 arg1 copolymer 845:853 neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer 828:853 neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer 828:853 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 6 13 theme mechanical 1179:1188 arg1 properties 1190:1199 mechanical properties 1179:1199 mechanical properties 1179:1199 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 3 14 theme thermal 520:526 arg1 stability 528:536 the increased thermal stability 506:536 the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs) 506:561 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 5 15 theme separated 883:891 arg1 morphology 893:902 a micro-phase separated morphology 869:902 a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 869:988 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 7 16 theme polymer 1402:1408 arg1 composites 1410:1419 polymer composites 1402:1419 polymer composites 1402:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 7 17 theme PBA-co-PMMA 1301:1311 arg1 elastomers 1327:1336 the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers 1297:1336 the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers 1297:1336 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 7 17 theme PBA-co-PMMA 1301:1311 arg1 opening 1339:1345 opening 1339:1345 opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites 1339:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 5 18 theme micro-phase 871:881 arg1 morphology 893:902 a micro-phase separated morphology 869:902 a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 869:988 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 5 19 dep morphology 893:902 arg1 PBA 905:907 PBA soft domains, and PMMA 905:930 PBA 905:907 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 5 19 dep morphology 893:902 arg1 domains 945:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 5 19 dep morphology 893:902 arg1 PMMA 927:930 PMMA 927:930 PMMA 927:930 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 4 20 from increase 726:733 arg1 strength 781:788 tensile strength 773:788 tensile strength 773:788 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 6 21 theme nanocomposites 1123:1136 arg1 temperatures 1063:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 21 theme nanocomposites 1123:1136 arg1 moduli 1038:1043 the storage moduli 1026:1043 the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) 1026:1075 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 21 theme nanocomposites 1123:1136 arg1 morphology 1091:1100 organized morphology 1081:1100 organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1081:1136 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 22 theme storage 1030:1036 arg1 temperatures 1063:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 22 theme storage 1030:1036 arg1 moduli 1038:1043 the storage moduli 1026:1043 the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) 1026:1075 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 2 23 theme butyl 372:376 arg1 poly 367:370 poly 367:370 poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) 367:392 In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted onto CNCs, thereby imparting their hydrophobic traits. 30826401 2 23 theme butyl 372:376 arg1 acrylate 378:385 butyl acrylate 372:385 butyl acrylate 372:385 In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted onto CNCs, thereby imparting their hydrophobic traits. 30826401 0 24 theme nanocrystal 10:20 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 24 theme nanocrystal 10:20 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 24 theme nanocrystal 10:20 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 3 25 theme modified 541:548 arg1 MCNCs 556:560 MCNCs 556:560 MCNCs 556:560 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 3 25 theme modified 541:548 arg1 CNCs 550:553 modified CNCs 541:553 modified CNCs (MCNCs) 541:561 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 7 26 theme thermoplastic 1313:1325 arg1 elastomers 1327:1336 the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers 1297:1336 the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers 1297:1336 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 7 26 theme thermoplastic 1313:1325 arg1 opening 1339:1345 opening 1339:1345 opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites 1339:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 27 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 1 28 theme interfacial 294:304 arg1 adhesion 306:313 interfacial adhesion 294:313 interfacial adhesion 294:313 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 3 29 theme CNCs 550:553 arg1 stability 528:536 the increased thermal stability 506:536 the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs) 506:561 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 4 30 theme Young 738:742 arg1 modulus 746:752 Young's modulus 738:752 Young's modulus of >25-fold 738:764 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 6 31 theme large 1008:1012 arg1 increase 1014:1021 The large increase 1004:1021 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1004:1136 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 0 32 theme microphase 29:38 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 32 theme microphase 29:38 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 32 theme microphase 29:38 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 5 33 theme hard 940:943 arg1 domains 945:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 CNC hard domains 936:951 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 7 34 from applications 1386:1397 arg1 composites 1410:1419 polymer composites 1402:1419 polymer composites 1402:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 5 35 located observed 994:1001 arg2 morphology 893:902 a micro-phase separated morphology 869:902 a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 869:988 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 5 35 located observed 994:1001 arg1 addition 859:866 addition 859:866 addition 859:866 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 0 36 theme driven 22:27 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 36 theme driven 22:27 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 36 theme driven 22:27 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 5 37 theme soft 909:912 arg1 domains 914:920 soft domains 909:920 soft domains 909:920 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 5 38 dep PBA 905:907 arg1 domains 914:920 soft domains 909:920 soft domains 909:920 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 4 39 contain had 719:721 arg2 increase 726:733 an increase 723:733 an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength 723:788 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 4 39 contain had 719:721 arg1 nanocomposites 675:688 The nanocomposites 671:688 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 671:717 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 6 40 theme micro-phase 1205:1215 arg1 morphology 1227:1236 micro-phase separated morphology 1205:1236 micro-phase separated morphology 1205:1236 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 0 41 theme separated 40:48 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 41 theme separated 40:48 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 41 theme separated 40:48 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 4 42 theme tensile 773:779 arg1 strength 781:788 tensile strength 773:788 tensile strength 773:788 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 0 43 theme Enhanced 66:73 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 43 theme Enhanced 66:73 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 44 dep nanocomposites 50:63 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 44 dep nanocomposites 50:63 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 44 dep nanocomposites 50:63 arg1 morphology 117:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 nanostructured morphology 102:126 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 6 45 theme glass 1046:1050 arg1 temperatures 1063:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 45 theme glass 1046:1050 arg1 moduli 1038:1043 the storage moduli 1026:1043 the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) 1026:1075 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 7 46 theme effective 1264:1272 arg1 agents 1286:1291 effective reinforcing agents 1264:1291 effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites 1264:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 7 46 theme effective 1264:1272 arg1 MCNCs 1254:1258 the MCNCs 1250:1258 the MCNCs 1250:1258 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 4 47 with nanocomposites 675:688 arg1 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 701:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 5 48 theme nanocomposites 975:988 arg1 morphology 893:902 a micro-phase separated morphology 869:902 a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 869:988 In addition, a micro-phase separated morphology (PBA soft domains, and PMMA and CNC hard domains) of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites was observed. 30826401 7 49 theme reinforcing 1274:1284 arg1 agents 1286:1291 effective reinforcing agents 1264:1291 effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites 1264:1419 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 7 49 theme reinforcing 1274:1284 arg1 MCNCs 1254:1258 the MCNCs 1250:1258 the MCNCs 1250:1258 Therefore, the MCNCs are effective reinforcing agents for the PBA-co-PMMA thermoplastic elastomers, opening up opportunities for their wide-spread applications in polymer composites. 30826401 1 50 from CNCs 242:245 arg1 matrices 270:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 4 51 theme >25-fold 757:764 arg1 modulus 746:752 Young's modulus 738:752 Young's modulus of >25-fold 738:764 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 3 52 theme hydrophobic 572:582 arg1 modification 592:603 the hydrophobic surface modification 568:603 the hydrophobic surface modification 568:603 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 6 53 theme separated 1217:1225 arg1 morphology 1227:1236 micro-phase separated morphology 1205:1236 micro-phase separated morphology 1205:1236 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 2 54 theme methyl 335:340 arg1 methacrylate 342:353 methyl methacrylate 335:353 methyl methacrylate 335:353 In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted onto CNCs, thereby imparting their hydrophobic traits. 30826401 2 54 theme methyl 335:340 arg1 poly 330:333 poly 330:333 poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) 330:361 In this work, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) were grafted onto CNCs, thereby imparting their hydrophobic traits. 30826401 1 55 from interest 133:140 arg1 modification 149:160 the modification 145:160 the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 145:193 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 3 56 theme crystalline 625:635 arg1 structure 637:645 crystalline structure 625:645 crystalline structure 625:645 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 3 57 theme surface 584:590 arg1 modification 592:603 the hydrophobic surface modification 568:603 the hydrophobic surface modification 568:603 The successful grafting modification led to the increased thermal stability of modified CNCs (MCNCs), and the hydrophobic surface modification was integrated with crystalline structure and morphology of CNCs. 30826401 4 58 theme 7 wt 695:698 arg1 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 701:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 4 59 theme % 699:699 arg1 MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 701:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA 695:717 The nanocomposites with 7 wt% MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA had an increase in Young's modulus of >25-fold and in tensile strength at about 3 times compared to these of neat PBA-co-PMMA copolymer. 30826401 1 60 dep potential 207:215 arg1 promote 286:292 promote 286:292 to promote interfacial adhesion 283:313 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 1 60 dep potential 207:215 arg1 disperse 233:240 disperse 233:240 to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices 217:277 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 1 61 theme cellulose 165:173 arg1 nanocrystals 175:186 cellulose nanocrystals 165:186 cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 165:193 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 1 61 theme cellulose 165:173 arg1 CNCs 189:192 CNCs 189:192 CNCs 189:192 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 1 62 theme hydrophobic 250:260 arg1 matrices 270:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 0 63 theme mechanical 75:84 arg1 nanocomposites 50:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites 0:63 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 0:127 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 0 63 theme mechanical 75:84 arg1 performance 86:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Enhanced mechanical performance 66:96 Cellulose nanocrystal driven microphase separated nanocomposites: Enhanced mechanical performance and nanostructured morphology. 30826401 6 64 theme organized 1081:1089 arg1 morphology 1091:1100 organized morphology 1081:1100 organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites 1081:1136 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 65 theme transition 1052:1061 arg1 temperatures 1063:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 glass transition temperatures 1046:1074 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 6 65 theme transition 1052:1061 arg1 moduli 1038:1043 the storage moduli 1026:1043 the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) 1026:1075 The large increase in the storage moduli (glass transition temperatures) and organized morphology of MCNCs/PBA-co-PMMA nanocomposites also elucidated the relationship between mechanical properties and micro-phase separated morphology. 30826401 1 66 theme nanocrystals 175:186 arg1 modification 149:160 the modification 145:160 the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) 145:193 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 30826401 1 67 theme polymer 262:268 arg1 matrices 270:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 hydrophobic polymer matrices 250:277 The interest in the modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) lies in the potential to homogenously disperse CNCs in hydrophobic polymer matrices and to promote interfacial adhesion. 29431777 5 0 theme microbiota 682:691 arg1 transplantation 693:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation 676:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 676:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 6 1 theme FVP 908:910 arg1 microbiota 912:921 'FVP microbiota' 907:922 'FVP microbiota' 907:922 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 6 2 theme hidden 1110:1115 arg1 platform 1117:1124 the hidden platform 1106:1124 the hidden platform test 1106:1129 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 5 3 theme improved 777:784 arg1 learning 786:793 improved learning 777:793 improved learning 777:793 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 4 4 theme Bacilli 538:544 arg1 abundances 509:518 the relative abundances 496:518 the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli 496:544 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 4 5 theme significant 472:482 arg1 decrease 484:491 a significant decrease 470:491 a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli 470:544 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 6 6 theme probe 1023:1027 arg1 test 1029:1032 the probe test 1019:1032 the probe test 1019:1032 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 0 7 theme gut 118:120 arg1 composition 133:143 gut microbiota composition 118:143 gut microbiota composition 118:143 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 6 8 theme platform 963:970 arg1 crossings 972:980 platform crossings 963:980 platform crossings 963:980 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 5 9 with colonization 827:838 arg1 microbiota 853:862 'common microbiota' 845:863 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals 845:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 5 10 theme mice 712:715 arg1 transplantation 693:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation 676:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 676:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 7 11 theme FVP 1151:1153 arg1 microbiota 1155:1164 'FVP microbiota' 1150:1165 'FVP microbiota' 1150:1165 Moreover, FVP and 'FVP microbiota' regulated cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, suggesting a mechanism involving the suppression of neuroinflammation. 29431777 5 12 attach derived 739:745 arg1 mice 760:763 FVP-fed mice 752:763 FVP-fed mice 752:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 5 12 attach derived 739:745 arg2 microbiota 727:736 'FVP microbiota' 722:737 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 722:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 6 13 theme total 1071:1075 arg1 distance 1086:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 2 14 theme underlying 290:299 arg1 mechanism 301:309 their underlying mechanism 284:309 their underlying mechanism 284:309 However, their underlying mechanism remains unclear. 29431777 0 15 theme microbiota 122:131 arg1 composition 133:143 gut microbiota composition 118:143 gut microbiota composition 118:143 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 4 16 from increase 564:571 arg1 Actinobacteria 610:623 Actinobacteria 610:623 Actinobacteria 610:623 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 4 16 from increase 564:571 arg1 Erysipelotrichia 589:604 Erysipelotrichia 589:604 Erysipelotrichia 589:604 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 4 17 theme FVP-treated 632:642 arg1 group 644:648 the FVP-treated group 628:648 the FVP-treated group 628:648 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 6 18 theme mice 1098:1101 arg1 latency 1059:1065 the escape latency 1048:1065 the escape latency 1048:1065 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 6 18 theme mice 1098:1101 arg1 distance 1086:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 0 19 theme velutipes 11:19 arg1 polysaccharides 21:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 0:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 0:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 4 20 theme relative 500:507 arg1 abundances 509:518 the relative abundances 496:518 the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli 496:544 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 8 21 contain have 1364:1367 arg1 regulation 1327:1336 the regulation 1323:1336 the regulation of the gut microbiome 1323:1358 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 8 21 contain have 1364:1367 arg2 role 1378:1381 a causal role 1369:1381 a causal role 1369:1381 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 3 22 theme FVP 446:448 arg1 improvement 401:411 memory improvement 394:411 memory improvement 394:411 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 3 22 theme FVP 446:448 arg1 regulation 432:441 gut microbiota regulation 417:441 gut microbiota regulation of FVP 417:448 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 0 23 theme Flammulina 0:9 arg1 polysaccharides 21:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 0:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 0:35 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 6 24 theme mice 1011:1014 arg1 distance 999:1006 the swimming distance 986:1006 the swimming distance of mice 986:1014 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 6 24 theme mice 1011:1014 arg1 numbers 952:958 the numbers 948:958 the numbers of platform crossings 948:980 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 5 25 theme Fecal 676:680 arg1 transplantation 693:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation 676:707 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 676:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 8 26 theme microbiome 1349:1358 arg1 regulation 1327:1336 the regulation 1323:1336 the regulation of the gut microbiome 1323:1358 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 5 27 theme common 846:851 arg1 microbiota 853:862 'common microbiota' 845:863 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals 845:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 4 28 from decrease 484:491 arg1 abundances 509:518 the relative abundances 496:518 the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli 496:544 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 6 29 theme swimming 1077:1084 arg1 distance 1086:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 total swimming distance 1071:1093 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 3 30 theme memory 394:399 arg1 improvement 401:411 memory improvement 394:411 memory improvement 394:411 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 8 31 theme gut 1345:1347 arg1 microbiome 1349:1358 the gut microbiome 1341:1358 the gut microbiome 1341:1358 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 8 32 theme memory 1443:1448 arg1 impairment 1416:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment 1396:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory 1396:1448 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 5 33 with transplantation 693:707 arg1 microbiota 727:736 'FVP microbiota' 722:737 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 722:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 4 34 theme control 661:667 arg1 group 669:673 the control group 657:673 the control group 657:673 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 0 35 theme learning 65:72 arg1 impairment 85:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment 45:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice 45:102 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 6 36 theme swimming 990:997 arg1 distance 999:1006 the swimming distance 986:1006 the swimming distance of mice 986:1014 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 5 37 dep learning 786:793 arg1 function 806:813 function 806:813 function 806:813 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 5 38 theme control 878:884 arg1 individuals 886:896 control individuals 878:896 control individuals 878:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 0 39 theme scopolamine-induced 45:63 arg1 impairment 85:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment 45:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice 45:102 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 5 40 theme FVP-fed 752:758 arg1 mice 760:763 FVP-fed mice 752:763 FVP-fed mice 752:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 8 41 theme causal 1371:1376 arg1 role 1378:1381 a causal role 1369:1381 a causal role 1369:1381 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 1 42 theme learning 235:242 arg1 impairment 255:264 learning and memory impairment 235:264 learning and memory impairment in mice 235:272 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 0 43 theme memory 78:83 arg1 impairment 85:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment 45:94 scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice 45:102 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 1 44 from impairment 255:264 arg1 mice 269:272 mice 269:272 mice 269:272 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 0 45 from impairment 85:94 arg1 mice 99:102 mice 99:102 mice 99:102 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in mice by modulating gut microbiota composition. 29431777 3 46 theme microbiota 421:430 arg1 regulation 432:441 gut microbiota regulation 417:441 gut microbiota regulation of FVP 417:448 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 6 47 theme crossings 972:980 arg1 distance 999:1006 the swimming distance 986:1006 the swimming distance of mice 986:1014 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 6 47 theme crossings 972:980 arg1 numbers 952:958 the numbers 948:958 the numbers of platform crossings 948:980 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 1 48 theme Flammulina 146:155 arg1 FVP 184:186 FVP 184:186 FVP 184:186 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 1 48 theme Flammulina 146:155 arg1 polysaccharides 167:181 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 146:181 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) 146:187 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 4 49 theme significant 552:562 arg1 increase 564:571 a significant increase 550:571 a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group 550:673 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 5 50 theme FVP 723:725 arg1 microbiota 727:736 'FVP microbiota' 722:737 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice 722:763 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 5 51 attach derived 865:871 arg1 individuals 886:896 control individuals 878:896 control individuals 878:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 5 51 attach derived 865:871 arg2 microbiota 853:862 'common microbiota' 845:863 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals 845:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 1 52 theme velutipes 157:165 arg1 FVP 184:186 FVP 184:186 FVP 184:186 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 1 52 theme velutipes 157:165 arg1 polysaccharides 167:181 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides 146:181 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) 146:187 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 6 53 theme escape 1052:1057 arg1 latency 1059:1065 the escape latency 1048:1065 the escape latency 1048:1065 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 29431777 5 54 dep resulted 765:772 arg1 compared 815:822 compared 815:822 compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals 815:896 Fecal microbiota transplantation of mice with 'FVP microbiota' derived from FVP-fed mice resulted in improved learning and memory function compared to colonization with 'common microbiota' derived from control individuals. 29431777 8 55 theme scopolamine-induced 1396:1414 arg1 impairment 1416:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment 1396:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory 1396:1448 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 1 56 theme memory 248:253 arg1 impairment 255:264 learning and memory impairment 235:264 learning and memory impairment in mice 235:272 Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) have been proved to be effective in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. 29431777 3 57 theme study 344:348 arg1 aim 332:334 The aim 328:334 The aim of this study 328:348 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 7 58 theme neuroinflammation 1278:1294 arg1 suppression 1263:1273 the suppression 1259:1273 the suppression of neuroinflammation 1259:1294 Moreover, FVP and 'FVP microbiota' regulated cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, suggesting a mechanism involving the suppression of neuroinflammation. 29431777 8 59 theme learning 1430:1437 arg1 impairment 1416:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment 1396:1425 scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory 1396:1448 This study indicated that the regulation of the gut microbiome may have a causal role in improving scopolamine-induced impairment of learning and memory. 29431777 3 60 theme gut 417:419 arg1 regulation 432:441 gut microbiota regulation 417:441 gut microbiota regulation of FVP 417:448 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between memory improvement and gut microbiota regulation of FVP. 29431777 4 61 theme Clostridia 523:532 arg1 abundances 509:518 the relative abundances 496:518 the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli 496:544 The results showed a significant decrease in the relative abundances of Clostridia and Bacilli but a significant increase in Bacteroidia, Erysipelotrichia and Actinobacteria in the FVP-treated group versus the control group. 29431777 6 62 theme platform 1117:1124 arg1 test 1126:1129 the hidden platform test 1106:1129 the hidden platform test 1106:1129 FVP and 'FVP microbiota' significantly increased the numbers of platform crossings and the swimming distance of mice in the probe test and decreased the escape latency and total swimming distance of mice in the hidden platform test. 31878206 6 0 theme mechanoelectrical 541:557 arg1 properties 572:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties 537:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite 537:598 Due to the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite, an electrical signal is produced at the electrodes, when a mechanical deformation is imposed. 31878206 9 1 theme negligible 1081:1090 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 1 theme negligible 1081:1090 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 1 theme negligible 1081:1090 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 1 theme negligible 1081:1090 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 1 theme negligible 1081:1090 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 4 2 theme bacteria 400:407 arg1 kind 392:395 some kind 387:395 some kind of bacteria 387:407 It is based on bacterial cellulose, produced by some kind of bacteria, in a sort of bio-factory. 31878206 1 3 link bio-derived 71:81 arg1 harvester 89:97 A bio-derived power harvester 69:97 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations 69:124 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations is here proposed. 31878206 9 4 theme pollutant 1143:1151 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 8 5 theme measurement 933:943 arg1 systems 945:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 5 theme measurement 933:943 arg1 electronics 874:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 9 6 theme raw 1103:1105 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 7 7 theme proposed 730:737 arg1 system 739:744 the proposed system 726:744 the proposed system 726:744 Experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of delivering electrical energy on a resistive load. 31878206 7 7 theme proposed 730:737 arg1 capable 749:755 capable 749:755 capable 749:755 Experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of delivering electrical energy on a resistive load. 31878206 9 8 theme power 1062:1066 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 8 theme power 1062:1066 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 8 theme power 1062:1066 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 8 theme power 1062:1066 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 8 theme power 1062:1066 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 1 9 theme bio-derived 71:81 arg1 harvester 89:97 A bio-derived power harvester 69:97 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations 69:124 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations is here proposed. 31878206 8 10 theme sensor 904:909 arg1 networks 911:918 wireless sensor networks 895:918 wireless sensor networks 895:918 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 0 11 theme Energy 6:11 arg1 Harvester 13:21 Green Energy Harvester 0:21 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations 0:37 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations Based on Bacterial Cellulose. 31878206 0 12 from Vibrations 28:37 arg1 Harvester 13:21 Green Energy Harvester 0:21 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations 0:37 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations Based on Bacterial Cellulose. 31878206 1 13 theme power 83:87 arg1 harvester 89:97 A bio-derived power harvester 69:97 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations 69:124 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations is here proposed. 31878206 5 14 theme conducting 509:518 arg1 polymers 520:527 conducting polymers 509:527 conducting polymers 509:527 The cellulose is further impregnated with ionic liquids and covered with conducting polymers. 31878206 0 15 theme Green 0:4 arg1 Harvester 13:21 Green Energy Harvester 0:21 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations 0:37 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations Based on Bacterial Cellulose. 31878206 1 16 from vibrations 115:124 arg1 harvester 89:97 A bio-derived power harvester 69:97 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations 69:124 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations is here proposed. 31878206 2 17 from sources 265:271 arg1 dependence 222:231 the dependence 218:231 the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources 218:271 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 6 18 theme electrical 604:613 arg1 signal 615:620 an electrical signal 601:620 an electrical signal 601:620 Due to the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite, an electrical signal is produced at the electrodes, when a mechanical deformation is imposed. 31878206 9 19 theme elements 1126:1133 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 19 theme elements 1126:1133 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 19 theme elements 1126:1133 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 19 theme elements 1126:1133 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 19 theme elements 1126:1133 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 2 20 theme fabrication 180:190 arg1 technologies 192:203 greener fabrication technologies 172:203 greener fabrication technologies 172:203 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 1 21 theme mechanical 104:113 arg1 vibrations 115:124 mechanical vibrations 104:124 mechanical vibrations 104:124 A bio-derived power harvester from mechanical vibrations is here proposed. 31878206 5 22 theme ionic 478:482 arg1 liquids 484:490 ionic liquids 478:490 ionic liquids 478:490 The cellulose is further impregnated with ionic liquids and covered with conducting polymers. 31878206 8 23 theme wireless 895:902 arg1 networks 911:918 wireless sensor networks 895:918 wireless sensor networks 895:918 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 9 24 theme materials 1107:1115 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 24 theme materials 1107:1115 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 24 theme materials 1107:1115 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 24 theme materials 1107:1115 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 24 theme materials 1107:1115 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 3 25 theme proposed 278:285 arg1 harvester 287:295 The proposed harvester 274:295 The proposed harvester 274:295 The proposed harvester consists mainly of biodegradable matters. 31878206 2 26 theme greener 172:178 arg1 technologies 192:203 greener fabrication technologies 172:203 greener fabrication technologies 172:203 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 2 27 theme fossil 251:256 arg1 sources 265:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 8 28 theme distributed 921:931 arg1 systems 945:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 28 theme distributed 921:931 arg1 electronics 874:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 6 29 theme composite 590:598 arg1 properties 572:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties 537:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite 537:598 Due to the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite, an electrical signal is produced at the electrodes, when a mechanical deformation is imposed. 31878206 7 30 theme Experimental 695:706 arg1 results 708:714 Experimental results 695:714 Experimental results 695:714 Experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of delivering electrical energy on a resistive load. 31878206 2 31 theme carbon-based 238:249 arg1 sources 265:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 0 32 theme Bacterial 48:56 arg1 Cellulose 58:66 Bacterial Cellulose 48:66 Bacterial Cellulose 48:66 Green Energy Harvester from Vibrations Based on Bacterial Cellulose. 31878206 7 33 theme resistive 794:802 arg1 load 804:807 a resistive load 792:807 a resistive load 792:807 Experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of delivering electrical energy on a resistive load. 31878206 9 34 with harvester 1043:1051 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 34 with harvester 1043:1051 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 34 with harvester 1043:1051 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 34 with harvester 1043:1051 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 34 with harvester 1043:1051 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 4 35 theme bacterial 354:362 arg1 cellulose 364:372 bacterial cellulose 354:372 bacterial cellulose 354:372 It is based on bacterial cellulose, produced by some kind of bacteria, in a sort of bio-factory. 31878206 9 36 theme emissions 1153:1161 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 36 theme emissions 1153:1161 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 36 theme emissions 1153:1161 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 36 theme emissions 1153:1161 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 36 theme emissions 1153:1161 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 6 37 theme mechanical 660:669 arg1 deformation 671:681 a mechanical deformation 658:681 a mechanical deformation 658:681 Due to the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite, an electrical signal is produced at the electrodes, when a mechanical deformation is imposed. 31878206 9 38 theme rare 1121:1124 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 39 theme low 1058:1060 arg1 emissions 1153:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 no pollutant emissions 1140:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 39 theme low 1058:1060 arg1 elements 1126:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 no rare elements 1118:1133 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 39 theme low 1058:1060 arg1 consumption 1068:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 low power consumption 1058:1078 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 39 theme low 1058:1060 arg1 amounts 1092:1098 negligible amounts 1081:1098 negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions 1081:1161 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 9 39 theme low 1058:1060 arg1 materials 1107:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 raw materials 1103:1115 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 3 40 theme biodegradable 316:328 arg1 matters 330:336 biodegradable matters 316:336 biodegradable matters 316:336 The proposed harvester consists mainly of biodegradable matters. 31878206 8 41 theme flexible 968:975 arg1 electronics 874:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 41 theme flexible 968:975 arg1 electronics 977:987 flexible electronics 968:987 flexible electronics 968:987 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 42 theme autonomous 843:852 arg1 wearable 954:961 wearable 954:961 wearable 954:961 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 42 theme autonomous 843:852 arg1 electronics 977:987 flexible electronics 968:987 flexible electronics 968:987 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 42 theme autonomous 843:852 arg1 systems 945:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 42 theme autonomous 843:852 arg1 electronics 874:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 42 theme autonomous 843:852 arg1 such 887:890 such 887:890 such 887:890 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 7 43 theme electrical 771:780 arg1 energy 782:787 electrical energy 771:787 electrical energy 771:787 Experimental results show that the proposed system is capable of delivering electrical energy on a resistive load. 31878206 4 44 theme bio-factory 423:433 arg1 sort 415:418 a sort 413:418 a sort of bio-factory 413:433 It is based on bacterial cellulose, produced by some kind of bacteria, in a sort of bio-factory. 31878206 9 45 theme production 994:1003 arg1 technology 1005:1014 The production technology 990:1014 The production technology 990:1014 The production technology allows for fabricating the harvester with low power consumption, negligible amounts of raw materials, no rare elements, and no pollutant emissions. 31878206 6 46 theme transduction 559:570 arg1 properties 572:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties 537:581 the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite 537:598 Due to the mechanoelectrical transduction properties of the composite, an electrical signal is produced at the electrodes, when a mechanical deformation is imposed. 31878206 2 47 theme energy 258:263 arg1 sources 265:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 carbon-based fossil energy sources 238:271 The harvester aims at using greener fabrication technologies and reducing the dependence from carbon-based fossil energy sources. 31878206 8 48 theme quasi-autonomous 857:872 arg1 wearable 954:961 wearable 954:961 wearable 954:961 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 48 theme quasi-autonomous 857:872 arg1 electronics 977:987 flexible electronics 968:987 flexible electronics 968:987 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 48 theme quasi-autonomous 857:872 arg1 systems 945:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 distributed measurement systems 921:951 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 48 theme quasi-autonomous 857:872 arg1 electronics 874:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics 843:884 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 31878206 8 48 theme quasi-autonomous 857:872 arg1 such 887:890 such 887:890 such 887:890 Applications can be envisaged on autonomous or quasi-autonomous electronics, such as wireless sensor networks, distributed measurement systems, wearable, and flexible electronics. 29885215 4 0 theme Depsipeptide 667:678 arg1 mixtures 680:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures 659:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity 659:713 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 2 1 used utilized 309:316 arg2 studies 284:290 Previous studies 275:290 Previous studies on depsipeptides 275:307 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 2 1 used utilized 309:316 arg2 depsipeptides 295:307 depsipeptides 295:307 depsipeptides 295:307 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 9 2 theme Low 1315:1317 arg1 ratios 1337:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios 1315:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios 1315:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 3 3 theme length 627:632 arg1 characterization 594:609 rapid characterization 588:609 rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition 588:656 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 8 4 theme unique 1299:1304 arg1 signals 1306:1312 unique signals 1299:1312 unique signals 1299:1312 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 4 5 theme α-hydroxy 761:769 arg1 acids 771:775 α-hydroxy acids 761:775 α-hydroxy acids 761:775 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 11 6 theme CONCLUSIONS 1551:1561 arg1 Understanding 1563:1575 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution 1551:1612 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides 1551:1630 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 6 7 theme MALDI-TOF 915:923 arg1 analysis 928:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis 915:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis 915:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 1 8 theme amide 197:201 arg1 linkages 213:220 amide and ester linkages 197:220 linkages 213:220 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 6 9 theme positive 998:1005 arg1 mode 1011:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 2 10 theme ion 342:344 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 1 11 theme ester 207:211 arg1 linkages 213:220 amide and ester linkages 197:220 linkages 213:220 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 3 12 theme monomer 638:644 arg1 composition 646:656 monomer composition 638:656 monomer composition 638:656 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 9 13 theme quality 1374:1380 arg1 spectra 1382:1388 higher quality spectra 1367:1388 higher quality spectra 1367:1388 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 11 14 dep Understanding 1563:1575 arg1 diversity 1581:1589 diversity 1581:1589 diversity 1581:1589 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 11 14 dep Understanding 1563:1575 arg1 evolution 1604:1612 chemical evolution 1595:1612 chemical evolution 1595:1612 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 7 15 theme ionization 1113:1122 arg1 additives 1124:1132 ionization additives 1113:1132 ionization additives 1113:1132 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 4 16 theme acids 789:793 arg1 mixtures 749:756 aqueous mixtures 741:756 aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids 741:793 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 0 17 theme prebiotic 86:94 arg1 peptides 96:103 model prebiotic peptides 80:103 model prebiotic peptides 80:103 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 12 18 theme amide 1843:1847 arg1 linkages 1858:1865 amide backbone linkages 1843:1865 amide backbone linkages 1843:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 8 19 theme highest 1281:1287 arg1 number 1289:1294 the highest number 1277:1294 the highest number of unique signals 1277:1312 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 4 20 theme evaporative 798:808 arg1 cycles 810:815 evaporative cycles 798:815 evaporative cycles 798:815 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 7 21 theme matrix-to-analyte 1084:1100 arg1 ratio 1102:1106 matrix-to-analyte ratio 1084:1106 matrix-to-analyte ratio 1084:1106 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 12 22 theme linkages 1858:1865 arg1 mixture 1822:1828 a mixture 1820:1828 a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1820:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 10 23 theme depsipeptide 1511:1522 arg1 mixture 1524:1530 a new depsipeptide mixture 1505:1530 a new depsipeptide mixture 1505:1530 Using this optimized protocol, a new depsipeptide mixture was characterized. 29885215 9 24 theme suppression 1429:1439 arg1 combination 1407:1417 a combination 1405:1417 a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization 1405:1471 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 8 25 theme evaporated 1166:1175 arg1 samples 1190:1196 evaporated depsipeptide samples 1166:1196 evaporated depsipeptide samples 1166:1196 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 7 26 theme solvent 1075:1081 arg1 choice 1050:1055 choice 1050:1055 choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives 1050:1132 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 12 27 theme MALDI-TOF 1703:1711 arg1 MS 1713:1714 MALDI-TOF MS 1703:1714 MALDI-TOF MS 1703:1714 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 5 28 theme depsipeptides 845:857 arg1 Ester 818:822 Ester 818:822 Ester 818:822 Ester and amide content of depsipeptides was orthogonally confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. 29885215 5 28 theme depsipeptides 845:857 arg1 content 834:840 amide content 828:840 amide content of depsipeptides 828:857 Ester and amide content of depsipeptides was orthogonally confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. 29885215 9 29 theme improved 1445:1452 arg1 co-crystallization 1454:1471 improved co-crystallization 1445:1471 improved co-crystallization 1445:1471 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 12 30 theme ester 1833:1837 arg1 mixture 1822:1828 a mixture 1820:1828 a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1820:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 2 31 theme such 421:424 arg1 analysis 426:433 such analysis 421:433 such analysis 421:433 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 0 32 theme Matrix-assisted 0:14 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 1 33 with Depsipeptides 152:164 arg1 mixture 186:192 a mixture 184:192 a mixture of amide and ester linkages 184:220 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 12 34 theme prebiotic 1790:1798 arg1 peptides 1800:1807 model prebiotic peptides 1784:1807 model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1784:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 6 35 theme MS 925:926 arg1 analysis 928:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis 915:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis 915:935 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 3 36 theme desorption/ionization 512:532 arg1 approach 561:568 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 0 37 theme desorption/ionization 22:42 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 11 38 theme proto-peptides 1617:1630 arg1 Understanding 1563:1575 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution 1551:1612 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides 1551:1630 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 3 39 theme matrix-assisted 490:504 arg1 desorption/ionization 512:532 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight 490:547 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 3 39 theme matrix-assisted 490:504 arg1 MALDI-TOF 550:558 MALDI-TOF 550:558 MALDI-TOF 550:558 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 0 40 theme mass 59:62 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 8 41 theme acid 1240:1243 arg1 matrix 1251:1256 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix 1219:1256 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix 1219:1256 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 6 42 theme reflection 974:983 arg1 geometry 985:992 reflection geometry 974:992 reflection geometry 974:992 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 2 43 theme ESI-IM-QTOF 382:392 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 4 44 theme varying 692:698 arg1 hydrophobicity 700:713 varying hydrophobicity 692:713 varying hydrophobicity 692:713 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 3 45 theme laser 506:510 arg1 desorption/ionization 512:532 matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight 490:547 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 3 45 theme laser 506:510 arg1 MALDI-TOF 550:558 MALDI-TOF 550:558 MALDI-TOF 550:558 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 12 46 contain containing 1809:1818 arg1 peptides 1800:1807 model prebiotic peptides 1784:1807 model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1784:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 12 46 contain containing 1809:1818 arg2 mixture 1822:1828 a mixture 1820:1828 a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1820:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 2 47 theme tandem 395:400 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 1 48 theme primordial 257:266 arg1 Earth 268:272 primordial Earth 257:272 primordial Earth 257:272 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 4 49 theme METHODS 659:665 arg1 mixtures 680:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures 659:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity 659:713 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 3 50 theme depsipeptide 614:625 arg1 length 627:632 depsipeptide length 614:632 depsipeptide length 614:632 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 2 51 theme mobility 346:353 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 9 52 theme matrix-to-analyte 1319:1335 arg1 ratios 1337:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios 1315:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios 1315:1342 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 6 53 theme ion 1007:1009 arg1 mode 1011:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 3 54 theme composition 646:656 arg1 characterization 594:609 rapid characterization 588:609 rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition 588:656 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 8 55 theme signals 1306:1312 arg1 number 1289:1294 the highest number 1277:1294 the highest number of unique signals 1277:1312 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 12 56 theme monomer 1761:1767 arg1 composition 1769:1779 monomer composition 1761:1779 monomer composition 1761:1779 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 4 57 theme acids 771:775 arg1 mixtures 749:756 aqueous mixtures 741:756 aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids 741:793 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 2 58 theme ionization 331:340 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 1 59 theme linkages 213:220 arg1 mixture 186:192 a mixture 184:192 a mixture of amide and ester linkages 184:220 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 9 60 theme higher 1367:1372 arg1 spectra 1382:1388 higher quality spectra 1367:1388 higher quality spectra 1367:1388 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 11 61 dep diversity 1581:1589 arg1 the 1577:1579 the 1577:1579 the 1577:1579 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 4 62 theme aqueous 741:747 arg1 mixtures 749:756 aqueous mixtures 741:756 aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids 741:793 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 6 63 from DE-STR 964:969 arg1 mode 1011:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 positive ion mode 998:1014 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 6 63 from DE-STR 964:969 arg1 geometry 985:992 reflection geometry 974:992 reflection geometry 974:992 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 5 64 theme amide 828:832 arg1 content 834:840 amide content 828:840 amide content of depsipeptides 828:857 Ester and amide content of depsipeptides was orthogonally confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. 29885215 1 65 from peptides 245:252 arg1 Earth 268:272 primordial Earth 257:272 primordial Earth 257:272 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 1 66 theme RATIONALE 142:150 arg1 Depsipeptides 152:164 RATIONALE Depsipeptides 142:164 RATIONALE Depsipeptides 142:164 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 8 67 theme depsipeptide 1177:1188 arg1 samples 1190:1196 evaporated depsipeptide samples 1166:1196 evaporated depsipeptide samples 1166:1196 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 11 68 theme origins-of-life 1650:1664 arg1 research 1666:1673 origins-of-life research 1650:1673 origins-of-life research 1650:1673 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 2 69 theme Previous 275:282 arg1 studies 284:290 Previous studies 275:290 Previous studies on depsipeptides 275:307 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 2 70 from studies 284:290 arg1 depsipeptides 295:307 depsipeptides 295:307 depsipeptides 295:307 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 0 71 theme peptides 96:103 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 12 72 theme backbone 1849:1856 arg1 linkages 1858:1865 amide backbone linkages 1843:1865 amide backbone linkages 1843:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 7 73 theme additives 1124:1132 arg1 choice 1050:1055 choice 1050:1055 choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives 1050:1132 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 12 74 used used 1723:1726 arg2 MS 1713:1714 MALDI-TOF MS 1703:1714 MALDI-TOF MS 1703:1714 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 4 75 theme α-amino 781:787 arg1 acids 789:793 α-amino acids 781:793 α-amino acids 781:793 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 0 76 theme sample 122:127 arg1 preparation 129:139 sample preparation 122:139 sample preparation 122:139 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 9 77 theme matrix 1422:1427 arg1 suppression 1429:1439 matrix suppression 1422:1439 matrix suppression 1422:1439 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 1 78 with peptides 170:177 arg1 mixture 186:192 a mixture 184:192 a mixture of amide and ester linkages 184:220 RATIONALE Depsipeptides, or peptides with a mixture of amide and ester linkages, may have evolved into peptides on primordial Earth. 29885215 7 79 theme ratio 1102:1106 arg1 choice 1050:1055 choice 1050:1055 choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives 1050:1132 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 2 80 theme electrospray 318:329 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 11 81 theme chemical 1595:1602 arg1 evolution 1604:1612 chemical evolution 1595:1612 chemical evolution 1595:1612 CONCLUSIONS Understanding the diversity and chemical evolution of proto-peptides is of interest to origins-of-life research. 29885215 8 82 dep RESULTS 1135:1141 arg1 determined 1150:1159 determined 1150:1159 was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals 1146:1312 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 3 83 theme complementary 476:488 arg1 approach 561:568 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach 474:568 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 29885215 0 84 theme laser 16:20 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 9 85 theme co-crystallization 1454:1471 arg1 combination 1407:1417 a combination 1405:1417 a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization 1405:1471 Low matrix-to-analyte ratios were found to generate higher quality spectra, likely due to a combination of matrix suppression and improved co-crystallization. 29885215 7 86 theme sample 1068:1073 arg1 solvent 1075:1081 sample solvent 1068:1081 sample solvent 1068:1081 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 0 87 theme time-of-flight 44:57 arg1 spectrometry 64:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry 0:75 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 8 88 theme 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic 1219:1238 arg1 acid 1240:1243 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 1219:1243 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix 1219:1256 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 8 88 theme 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic 1219:1238 arg1 DHB 1246:1248 DHB 1246:1248 DHB 1246:1248 RESULTS It was determined that evaporated depsipeptide samples should be mixed with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix in order to detect the highest number of unique signals. 29885215 7 89 theme matrix 1060:1065 arg1 choice 1050:1055 choice 1050:1055 choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives 1050:1132 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 12 90 theme model 1784:1788 arg1 peptides 1800:1807 model prebiotic peptides 1784:1807 model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages 1784:1865 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 5 91 theme infrared 892:899 arg1 spectroscopy 901:912 infrared spectroscopy 892:912 infrared spectroscopy 892:912 Ester and amide content of depsipeptides was orthogonally confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. 29885215 12 92 theme peptides 1800:1807 arg1 length 1750:1755 length 1750:1755 length 1750:1755 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 12 92 theme peptides 1800:1807 arg1 composition 1769:1779 monomer composition 1761:1779 monomer composition 1761:1779 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 10 93 theme optimized 1485:1493 arg1 protocol 1495:1502 this optimized protocol 1480:1502 this optimized protocol 1480:1502 Using this optimized protocol, a new depsipeptide mixture was characterized. 29885215 0 94 theme preparation 129:139 arg1 Optimization 106:117 Optimization 106:117 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 0 95 theme model 80:84 arg1 peptides 96:103 model prebiotic peptides 80:103 model prebiotic peptides 80:103 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 0 96 dep spectrometry 64:75 arg1 Optimization 106:117 Optimization 106:117 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 0:140 Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of model prebiotic peptides: Optimization of sample preparation. 29885215 2 97 theme mass 402:405 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 6 98 theme Voyager 956:962 arg1 DE-STR 964:969 a Voyager DE-STR 954:969 a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode 954:1014 MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed on a Voyager DE-STR in reflection geometry and positive ion mode. 29885215 4 99 theme hydrophobicity 700:713 arg1 mixtures 680:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures 659:687 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity 659:713 METHODS Depsipeptide mixtures of varying hydrophobicity were formed by subjecting aqueous mixtures of α-hydroxy acids and α-amino acids to evaporative cycles. 29885215 10 100 theme new 1507:1509 arg1 mixture 1524:1530 a new depsipeptide mixture 1505:1530 a new depsipeptide mixture 1505:1530 Using this optimized protocol, a new depsipeptide mixture was characterized. 29885215 2 101 theme quadrupole 355:364 arg1 spectrometry 407:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry 318:418 Previous studies on depsipeptides utilized electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-IM-QTOF) tandem mass spectrometry; such analysis was thorough yet time-consuming. 29885215 7 102 theme Optimization 1017:1028 arg1 parameters 1030:1039 Optimization parameters 1017:1039 Optimization parameters 1017:1039 Optimization parameters included choice of matrix, sample solvent, matrix-to-analyte ratio, and ionization additives. 29885215 12 103 dep length 1750:1755 arg1 the 1746:1748 the 1746:1748 the 1746:1748 Here, we have demonstrated MALDI-TOF MS can be used to rapidly screen the length and monomer composition of model prebiotic peptides containing a mixture of ester and amide backbone linkages. 29885215 3 104 theme rapid 588:592 arg1 characterization 594:609 rapid characterization 588:609 rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition 588:656 Here, a complementary matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) approach was optimized for rapid characterization of depsipeptide length and monomer composition. 30346976 4 0 dep transform 560:568 arg1 infrared 570:577 infrared 570:577 transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA) 560:630 Molecule interactions between polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA). 30346976 5 1 theme weight 654:659 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 1 theme weight 654:659 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 1 theme weight 654:659 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 1 theme weight 654:659 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 1 theme weight 654:659 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 6 2 theme blending 874:881 arg1 solution 883:890 the blending solution 870:890 the blending solution 870:890 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 3 theme drug-loading 990:1001 arg1 capacity 1003:1010 drug-loading capacity 990:1010 drug-loading capacity 990:1010 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 0 4 theme sodium 72:77 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 0 4 theme sodium 72:77 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 0 4 theme sodium 72:77 arg1 study 51:55 in vitro release study 34:55 in vitro release study 34:55 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 4 5 dep Fourier 552:558 arg1 transform 560:568 transform 560:568 transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA) 560:630 Molecule interactions between polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA). 30346976 8 6 theme bacteriostatic 1341:1354 arg1 experiment 1356:1365 The bacteriostatic experiment 1337:1365 The bacteriostatic experiment 1337:1365 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 2 7 theme different 294:302 arg1 ratios 317:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 2 8 theme CMC/chitosan 304:315 arg1 ratios 317:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 0 9 theme composite 112:120 arg1 sponge 122:127 composite sponge 112:127 composite sponge 112:127 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 5 10 theme in 667:668 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 10 theme in 667:668 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 10 theme in 667:668 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 10 theme in 667:668 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 10 theme in 667:668 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 7 11 theme hydrophobic 1130:1140 arg1 roxithromycin 1169:1181 roxithromycin 1169:1181 roxithromycin (ROX) 1169:1187 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 7 11 theme hydrophobic 1130:1140 arg1 ibuprofen 1149:1157 ibuprofen 1149:1157 ibuprofen (IBU) 1149:1163 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 7 11 theme hydrophobic 1130:1140 arg1 drugs 1142:1146 the other two hydrophobic drugs 1116:1146 the other two hydrophobic drugs 1116:1146 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 6 12 theme degradation 968:978 arg1 behavior 980:987 the sponge's degradation behavior 955:987 the sponge's degradation behavior 955:987 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 13 theme CMC/chitosan 793:804 arg1 ratio 806:810 the CMC/chitosan ratio 789:810 the CMC/chitosan ratio 789:810 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 14 theme antibacterial 1020:1032 arg1 activity 1034:1041 the antibacterial activity 1016:1041 the antibacterial activity 1016:1041 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 15 theme solution 883:890 arg1 appearance 856:865 the appearance 852:865 the appearance of the blending solution 852:890 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 15 theme solution 883:890 arg1 microstructure 900:913 the microstructure 896:913 the microstructure of the final product 896:934 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 5 16 theme swelling 637:644 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 16 theme swelling 637:644 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 16 theme swelling 637:644 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 16 theme swelling 637:644 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 16 theme swelling 637:644 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 1 17 theme composite 183:191 arg1 sponge 193:198 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge 130:198 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier 130:214 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier was prepared, and its structure and functions were investigated. 30346976 4 18 theme Molecule 495:502 arg1 interactions 504:515 Molecule interactions 495:515 Molecule interactions between polymers 495:532 Molecule interactions between polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA). 30346976 7 19 theme hydrophilic 1066:1076 arg1 drug 1084:1087 a hydrophilic model drug 1064:1087 a hydrophilic model drug 1064:1087 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 5 20 dep in 667:668 arg1 vitro 670:674 vitro 670:674 vitro 670:674 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 4 21 theme FTIR 580:583 arg1 spectra 586:592 (FTIR) spectra 579:592 (FTIR) spectra 579:592 Molecule interactions between polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA). 30346976 7 22 theme model 1078:1082 arg1 drug 1084:1087 a hydrophilic model drug 1064:1087 a hydrophilic model drug 1064:1087 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 8 23 theme strong 1376:1381 arg1 ability 1397:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability 1374:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges 1374:1425 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 8 24 theme larger 1313:1318 arg1 loading 1320:1326 a larger loading 1311:1326 a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli 1311:1456 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 1 25 theme drug 203:206 arg1 carrier 208:214 drug carrier 203:214 drug carrier 203:214 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier was prepared, and its structure and functions were investigated. 30346976 5 26 theme antibacterial 702:714 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 26 theme antibacterial 702:714 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 26 theme antibacterial 702:714 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 26 theme antibacterial 702:714 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 26 theme antibacterial 702:714 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 8 27 theme antimicrobial 1383:1395 arg1 ability 1397:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability 1374:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges 1374:1425 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 1 28 dep /chitosan 168:176 arg1 CS 179:180 CS 179:180 CS 179:180 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier was prepared, and its structure and functions were investigated. 30346976 8 29 theme pH 1265:1266 arg1 value 1268:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 3 30 theme dried 429:433 arg1 sponges 435:441 the dried sponges 425:441 the dried sponges 425:441 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 4 31 dep gravimetric 606:616 arg1 analyze 618:624 analyze 618:624 analyze 618:624 Molecule interactions between polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and Thermal gravimetric analyze (TGA). 30346976 3 32 theme Electron 468:475 arg1 Microscope 477:486 Scanning Electron Microscope 459:486 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 459:492 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 3 32 theme Electron 468:475 arg1 SEM 489:491 SEM 489:491 SEM 489:491 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 0 33 theme in 34:35 arg1 study 51:55 in vitro release study 34:55 in vitro release study 34:55 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 3 34 theme sponges 435:441 arg1 microstructure 407:420 The microstructure 403:420 The microstructure of the dried sponges 403:441 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 8 35 theme lower 1259:1263 arg1 value 1268:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 7 36 theme other 1120:1124 arg1 roxithromycin 1169:1181 roxithromycin 1169:1181 roxithromycin (ROX) 1169:1187 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 7 36 theme other 1120:1124 arg1 ibuprofen 1149:1157 ibuprofen 1149:1157 ibuprofen (IBU) 1149:1163 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 7 36 theme other 1120:1124 arg1 drugs 1142:1146 the other two hydrophobic drugs 1116:1146 the other two hydrophobic drugs 1116:1146 Gentamicin (GEN) as a hydrophilic model drug was remarkably superior to the other two hydrophobic drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and roxithromycin (ROX), with respect to in vitro releasing. 30346976 8 37 dep GEN. 1332:1335 arg1 showed 1367:1372 showed 1367:1372 showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli 1367:1456 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 8 38 theme CMC 1243:1245 arg1 content 1247:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 0 39 theme release 43:49 arg1 study 51:55 in vitro release study 34:55 in vitro release study 34:55 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 5 40 theme drug 676:679 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 40 theme drug 676:679 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 40 theme drug 676:679 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 40 theme drug 676:679 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 40 theme drug 676:679 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 8 41 theme sponges 1419:1425 arg1 ability 1397:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability 1374:1403 a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges 1374:1425 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 0 42 dep in 34:35 arg1 vitro 37:41 vitro 37:41 vitro 37:41 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 8 43 theme higher 1236:1241 arg1 content 1247:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 6 44 theme product 928:934 arg1 appearance 856:865 the appearance 852:865 the appearance of the blending solution 852:890 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 6 44 theme product 928:934 arg1 microstructure 900:913 the microstructure 896:913 the microstructure of the final product 896:934 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 5 45 theme release 681:687 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 45 theme release 681:687 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 45 theme release 681:687 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 45 theme release 681:687 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 45 theme release 681:687 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 8 46 theme GEN-loaded 1408:1417 arg1 sponges 1419:1425 GEN-loaded sponges 1408:1425 GEN-loaded sponges 1408:1425 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 2 47 theme pH 344:345 arg1 conditions 347:356 different pH conditions 334:356 different pH conditions 334:356 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 2 48 with Samples 281:287 arg1 ratios 317:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 different CMC/chitosan ratios 294:322 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 8 49 theme sponge 1281:1286 arg1 content 1247:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 higher CMC content 1236:1253 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 8 49 theme sponge 1281:1286 arg1 value 1268:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 lower pH value 1259:1272 Moreover, higher CMC content and lower pH value of the sponge were confirmed to lead a larger loading for GEN. The bacteriostatic experiment showed a strong antimicrobial ability of GEN-loaded sponges on inhibiting Escherichia coli. 30346976 2 50 theme different 334:342 arg1 conditions 347:356 different pH conditions 334:356 different pH conditions 334:356 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 0 51 theme drug-loaded 60:70 arg1 sodium 72:77 drug-loaded sodium 60:77 drug-loaded sodium 60:77 Preparation, characterization and in vitro release study of drug-loaded sodium carboxy-methylcellulose/chitosan composite sponge. 30346976 6 52 theme pH 820:821 arg1 value 823:827 the pH value 816:827 the pH value 816:827 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 2 53 theme freeze-drying 381:393 arg1 method 395:400 a freeze-drying method 379:400 a freeze-drying method 379:400 Samples with different CMC/chitosan ratios and under different pH conditions were synthesized via a freeze-drying method. 30346976 3 54 theme Scanning 459:466 arg1 Microscope 477:486 Scanning Electron Microscope 459:486 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) 459:492 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 3 54 theme Scanning 459:466 arg1 SEM 489:491 SEM 489:491 SEM 489:491 The microstructure of the dried sponges was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). 30346976 6 55 theme final 922:926 arg1 product 928:934 the final product 918:934 the final product 918:934 The results showed that the CMC/chitosan ratio and the pH value significantly affected the appearance of the blending solution and the microstructure of the final product, and also affected the sponge's degradation behavior, drug-loading capacity and the antibacterial activity. 30346976 1 56 theme /chitosan 168:176 arg1 sponge 193:198 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge 130:198 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier 130:214 A sodium carboxy-methylcellulose (CMC)/chitosan (CS) composite sponge as drug carrier was prepared, and its structure and functions were investigated. 30346976 5 57 theme sponges 732:738 arg1 degree 646:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree 633:651 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 57 theme sponges 732:738 arg1 loss 661:664 weight loss 654:664 weight loss 654:664 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 57 theme sponges 732:738 arg1 behavior 689:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 in vitro drug release behavior 667:696 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 57 theme sponges 732:738 arg1 property 716:723 antibacterial property 702:723 antibacterial property 702:723 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30346976 5 57 theme sponges 732:738 arg1 well 759:762 well 759:762 well 759:762 The swelling degree, weight loss, in vitro drug release behavior and antibacterial property of the sponges were determined as well. 30408275 2 0 attach present 329:335 arg1 system 354:359 our digestive system 340:359 our digestive system 340:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 2 0 attach present 329:335 arg2 hydrolases 308:317 hydrolases 308:317 hydrolases which are present in our digestive system 308:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 7 1 theme potato 946:951 arg1 starches 953:960 rice and potato starches 937:960 starches 953:960 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 1 2 theme important 152:160 arg1 role 162:165 an important role 149:165 an important role 149:165 Starch is a polysaccharide that plays an important role in our diet and aids in determining the blood glucose levels and is the main source of energy to humans and plants. 30408275 9 3 theme starch 1211:1216 arg1 granules 1218:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 2 4 located present 329:335 arg1 system 354:359 our digestive system 340:359 our digestive system 340:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 2 4 located present 329:335 arg2 hydrolases 308:317 hydrolases 308:317 hydrolases which are present in our digestive system 308:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 6 5 theme amylase 823:829 arg1 effect 810:815 the effect 806:815 the effect of α- amylase 806:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 6 6 theme surface 739:745 arg1 structures 759:768 The surface topological structures 735:768 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 735:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 10 7 theme bound 1344:1348 arg1 water 1350:1354 Compactly bound water 1334:1354 Compactly bound water in starch 1334:1364 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 10 8 from cm-1 1408:1411 arg1 band 1394:1397 the sharp band 1384:1397 the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra 1384:1427 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 5 9 theme optical 663:669 arg1 microscope 671:680 an optical microscope 660:680 an optical microscope 660:680 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 6 10 theme α- 820:821 arg1 amylase 823:829 α- amylase 820:829 α- amylase 820:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 11 11 theme skeletal 1505:1512 arg1 mode 1514:1517 skeletal mode 1505:1517 skeletal mode 1505:1517 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 11 12 from cm-1 1447:1450 arg1 Bands 1430:1434 Bands 1430:1434 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 1430:1450 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 1 13 theme main 239:242 arg1 source 244:249 the main source 235:249 the main source of energy to humans and plants 235:280 Starch is a polysaccharide that plays an important role in our diet and aids in determining the blood glucose levels and is the main source of energy to humans and plants. 30408275 4 14 dep morphology 509:518 arg1 the 505:507 the 505:507 the 505:507 It is found that the hydrolysis depends on the morphology and composition of the starch granules by means of the action of α-amylase. 30408275 5 15 theme micro-scale 600:610 arg1 structure 612:620 The micro-scale structure 596:620 The micro-scale structure of starch granules 596:639 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 3 16 theme granules 452:459 arg1 hydrolysis 415:424 hydrolysis 415:424 hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules 415:459 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 7 17 theme rice 937:940 arg1 starches 953:960 rice and potato starches 937:960 starches 953:960 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 7 18 theme Fourier-transform 1013:1029 arg1 FTIR 1041:1044 FTIR 1041:1044 FTIR 1041:1044 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 11 19 theme potato 1538:1543 arg1 starches 1554:1561 both potato and rice starches 1533:1561 starches 1554:1561 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 7 20 theme X-ray 1051:1055 arg1 XRD 1070:1072 XRD 1070:1072 XRD 1070:1072 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 7 20 theme X-ray 1051:1055 arg1 diffraction 1057:1067 X-ray diffraction 1051:1067 X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy 1051:1086 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 5 21 from μm 731:732 arg1 range 718:722 the range 714:722 the range 714:722 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 7 22 theme infrared 1031:1038 arg1 FTIR 1041:1044 FTIR 1041:1044 FTIR 1041:1044 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 4 23 theme starch 543:548 arg1 granules 550:557 the starch granules 539:557 the starch granules 539:557 It is found that the hydrolysis depends on the morphology and composition of the starch granules by means of the action of α-amylase. 30408275 2 24 theme digestive 344:352 arg1 system 354:359 our digestive system 340:359 our digestive system 340:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 9 25 theme hydrolyzed 1200:1209 arg1 granules 1218:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 9 26 theme granules 1218:1225 arg1 spectra 1178:1184 The XRD spectra 1170:1184 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1170:1225 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 0 27 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 characterization 24:39 Structural and chemical characterization 0:39 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules 0:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 10 28 from water 1350:1354 arg1 starch 1359:1364 starch 1359:1364 starch 1359:1364 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 2 29 from present 329:335 arg1 system 354:359 our digestive system 340:359 our digestive system 340:359 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 8 30 theme rice 1157:1160 arg1 starch 1162:1167 rice starch 1157:1167 rice starch 1157:1167 The potato starch is more resistant to α-amylase than rice starch. 30408275 1 31 theme energy 254:259 arg1 source 244:249 the main source 235:249 the main source of energy to humans and plants 235:280 Starch is a polysaccharide that plays an important role in our diet and aids in determining the blood glucose levels and is the main source of energy to humans and plants. 30408275 3 32 theme hydrolysis 415:424 arg1 rate 407:410 the rate 403:410 the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules 403:459 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 0 33 theme chemical 15:22 arg1 characterization 24:39 Structural and chemical characterization 0:39 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules 0:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 7 34 theme structural 911:920 arg1 composition 922:932 The chemical and structural composition 894:932 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis 894:988 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 6 35 theme due 799:801 arg1 holes 793:797 micro holes 787:797 micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 787:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 0 36 theme rice 44:47 arg1 characterization 24:39 Structural and chemical characterization 0:39 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules 0:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 9 37 theme native 1189:1194 arg1 granules 1218:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1189:1225 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 6 38 with starches 773:780 arg1 holes 793:797 micro holes 787:797 micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 787:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 6 39 theme electron 867:874 arg1 SEM 888:890 SEM 888:890 SEM 888:890 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 6 39 theme electron 867:874 arg1 microscope 876:885 scanning electron microscope 858:885 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 858:891 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 10 40 theme sharp 1388:1392 arg1 band 1394:1397 the sharp band 1384:1397 the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra 1384:1427 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 6 41 theme micro 787:791 arg1 holes 793:797 micro holes 787:797 micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 787:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 11 42 theme glycosidic 1474:1483 arg1 C-O-C 1494:1498 C-O-C 1494:1498 C-O-C 1494:1498 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 11 42 theme glycosidic 1474:1483 arg1 linkage 1485:1491 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage 1466:1491 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) 1466:1499 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 0 43 theme potato 53:58 arg1 characterization 24:39 Structural and chemical characterization 0:39 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules 0:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 6 44 theme scanning 858:865 arg1 SEM 888:890 SEM 888:890 SEM 888:890 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 6 44 theme scanning 858:865 arg1 microscope 876:885 scanning electron microscope 858:885 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 858:891 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 7 45 theme starches 953:960 arg1 composition 922:932 The chemical and structural composition 894:932 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis 894:988 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 0 46 dep rice 44:47 arg1 granules 67:74 starch granules 60:74 starch granules 60:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 5 47 theme starch 625:630 arg1 granules 632:639 starch granules 625:639 starch granules 625:639 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 3 48 theme potato 438:443 arg1 granules 452:459 potato starch granules 438:459 potato starch granules 438:459 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 7 49 theme diffraction 1057:1067 arg1 spectroscopy 1075:1086 X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy 1051:1086 X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy 1051:1086 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 10 50 theme FTIR 1416:1419 arg1 spectra 1421:1427 FTIR spectra 1416:1427 FTIR spectra 1416:1427 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 6 51 theme starches 773:780 arg1 structures 759:768 The surface topological structures 735:768 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 735:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 2 52 from system 354:359 arg1 present 329:335 present 329:335 present 329:335 Starch is broken down by hydrolases which are present in our digestive system. 30408275 3 53 theme starch 445:450 arg1 granules 452:459 potato starch granules 438:459 potato starch granules 438:459 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 3 54 used used 370:373 arg2 We 362:363 We 362:363 We 362:363 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 10 55 from band 1394:1397 arg1 spectra 1421:1427 FTIR spectra 1416:1427 FTIR spectra 1416:1427 Compactly bound water in starch was attributed to the sharp band at 1,458 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. 30408275 3 56 theme rice 429:432 arg1 hydrolysis 415:424 hydrolysis 415:424 hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules 415:459 We have used α-amylase for investigating the rate of hydrolysis of rice and potato starch granules. 30408275 9 57 theme amorphous 1292:1300 arg1 regions 1302:1308 amorphous regions 1292:1308 amorphous regions 1292:1308 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 1 58 theme blood 207:211 arg1 levels 221:226 the blood glucose levels 203:226 the blood glucose levels 203:226 Starch is a polysaccharide that plays an important role in our diet and aids in determining the blood glucose levels and is the main source of energy to humans and plants. 30408275 5 59 theme granules 632:639 arg1 structure 612:620 The micro-scale structure 596:620 The micro-scale structure of starch granules 596:639 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 9 60 theme XRD 1174:1176 arg1 spectra 1178:1184 The XRD spectra 1170:1184 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules 1170:1225 The XRD spectra of native and hydrolyzed starch granules remain same which suggests that the degradation occurs mostly in amorphous regions but not in crystalline. 30408275 7 61 theme chemical 898:905 arg1 composition 922:932 The chemical and structural composition 894:932 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis 894:988 The chemical and structural composition of rice and potato starches before and after hydrolysis is characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. 30408275 1 62 theme glucose 213:219 arg1 levels 221:226 the blood glucose levels 203:226 the blood glucose levels 203:226 Starch is a polysaccharide that plays an important role in our diet and aids in determining the blood glucose levels and is the main source of energy to humans and plants. 30408275 5 63 theme average 692:698 arg1 sizes 700:704 their average sizes 686:704 their average sizes 686:704 The micro-scale structure of starch granules was observed under an optical microscope and their average sizes were in the range, 1-100 μm. 30408275 6 64 theme topological 747:757 arg1 structures 759:768 The surface topological structures 735:768 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase 735:829 The surface topological structures of starches with micro holes due to the effect of α- amylase were also visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30408275 11 65 theme rice 1549:1552 arg1 starches 1554:1561 both potato and rice starches 1533:1561 starches 1554:1561 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 4 66 theme α-amylase 585:593 arg1 action 575:580 the action 571:580 the action of α-amylase 571:593 It is found that the hydrolysis depends on the morphology and composition of the starch granules by means of the action of α-amylase. 30408275 0 67 theme starch 60:65 arg1 granules 67:74 starch granules 60:74 starch granules 60:74 Structural and chemical characterization of rice and potato starch granules using microscopy and spectroscopy. 30408275 11 68 theme mode 1514:1517 arg1 vibrations 1519:1528 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations 1466:1528 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches 1466:1561 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 8 69 theme potato 1107:1112 arg1 starch 1114:1119 The potato starch 1103:1119 The potato starch 1103:1119 The potato starch is more resistant to α-amylase than rice starch. 30408275 8 69 theme potato 1107:1112 arg1 resistant 1129:1137 resistant 1129:1137 resistant 1129:1137 The potato starch is more resistant to α-amylase than rice starch. 30408275 11 70 theme linkage 1485:1491 arg1 vibrations 1519:1528 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations 1466:1528 α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches 1466:1561 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 30408275 4 71 theme granules 550:557 arg1 composition 524:534 composition 524:534 composition 524:534 It is found that the hydrolysis depends on the morphology and composition of the starch granules by means of the action of α-amylase. 30408275 4 71 theme granules 550:557 arg1 morphology 509:518 morphology 509:518 morphology 509:518 It is found that the hydrolysis depends on the morphology and composition of the starch granules by means of the action of α-amylase. 30408275 11 72 from vibrations 1519:1528 arg1 starches 1554:1561 both potato and rice starches 1533:1561 starches 1554:1561 Bands at 920-980 cm-1 associated to α-(1-4) glycosidic linkage (C-O-C) and skeletal mode vibrations in both potato and rice starches. 29485655 8 0 from secretion 1134:1142 arg1 cases 1161:1165 cases 1161:1165 cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion 1161:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 6 1 theme EGFRvIII 862:869 arg1 mutant 871:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 10 2 theme key 1617:1619 arg1 factor 1621:1626 a key factor 1615:1626 a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1615:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 2 theme key 1617:1619 arg1 invasion 1605:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 3 theme three-dimensional 1474:1490 arg1 hydrogel 1492:1499 a three-dimensional hydrogel 1472:1499 a three-dimensional hydrogel 1472:1499 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 4 theme common 1653:1658 arg1 form 1684:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 1644:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1644:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 1 5 theme survival 232:239 arg1 rate 241:244 a short survival rate 224:244 a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%) 224:288 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 8 6 theme enhanced 1170:1177 arg1 invasion 1188:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 8 7 theme compensatory 1121:1132 arg1 secretion 1134:1142 compensatory secretion 1121:1142 compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion 1121:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 8 8 theme cell 1183:1186 arg1 invasion 1188:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 10 9 theme robust 1512:1517 arg1 method 1519:1524 a robust method 1510:1524 a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1510:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 7 10 theme assay 1009:1013 arg1 use 990:992 The use 986:992 The use of an invasion assay 986:1013 The use of an invasion assay revealed that invasion was significantly enhanced in both cell types under hypoxia. 29485655 10 11 theme aggressive 1661:1670 arg1 form 1684:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 1644:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1644:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 1 12 theme adult 181:185 arg1 cancer 193:198 adult brain cancer 181:198 adult brain cancer 181:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 8 13 theme HA 1155:1156 arg1 secretion 1134:1142 compensatory secretion 1121:1142 compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion 1121:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 6 14 theme cells 890:894 arg1 status 817:822 EGFR status 812:822 EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells 812:894 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 4 15 theme matrix 567:572 arg1 composition 574:584 matrix composition 567:584 matrix composition 567:584 However, cross-talk between matrix composition and metabolic stress remains unclear. 29485655 10 16 theme adult 1692:1696 arg1 cancer 1704:1709 adult brain cancer 1692:1709 adult brain cancer 1692:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 1 17 theme cancer 193:198 arg1 GBM 125:127 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 17 theme cancer 193:198 arg1 form 173:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 133:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 133:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 6 18 theme U87 882:884 arg1 cells 890:894 U87 GBM cells 882:894 U87 GBM cells 882:894 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 5 19 dep in 656:657 arg1 vitro 659:663 vitro 659:663 vitro 659:663 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 8 20 theme previous 1218:1225 arg1 findings 1227:1234 our previous findings 1214:1234 our previous findings using other GBM cell lines 1214:1261 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 9 21 theme cell 1404:1407 arg1 invasion 1409:1416 GBM cell invasion 1400:1416 GBM cell invasion 1400:1416 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 2 22 theme tumor 361:365 arg1 margin 367:372 the tumor margin 357:372 the tumor margin 357:372 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 8 23 theme GBM 1248:1250 arg1 lines 1257:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 1 24 theme short 226:230 arg1 rate 241:244 a short survival rate 224:244 a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%) 224:288 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 10 25 theme cancer 1704:1709 arg1 form 1684:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 1644:1687 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1644:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 1 26 theme common 142:147 arg1 GBM 125:127 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 26 theme common 142:147 arg1 form 173:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 133:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 133:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 2 27 from margin 367:372 arg1 gradations 383:392 gradations 383:392 gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA) 383:416 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 2 27 from margin 367:372 arg1 transitions 342:352 matrix transitions 335:352 matrix transitions 335:352 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 5 28 theme gelatin 692:698 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 1 29 theme aggressive 150:159 arg1 GBM 125:127 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 29 theme aggressive 150:159 arg1 form 173:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 133:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 133:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 3 30 theme decreased 460:468 arg1 content 477:483 decreased oxygen content 460:483 decreased oxygen content across the tumor 460:500 In addition, metabolic stress induced by decreased oxygen content across the tumor may contribute to tumor progression. 29485655 6 31 theme metabolic 923:931 arg1 activity 933:940 metabolic activity 923:940 metabolic activity 923:940 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 2 32 from gradations 383:392 arg1 HA 414:415 HA 414:415 HA 414:415 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 2 32 from gradations 383:392 arg1 acid 408:411 hyaluronic acid 397:411 hyaluronic acid (HA) 397:416 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 2 33 theme matrix 335:340 arg1 gradations 383:392 gradations 383:392 gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA) 383:416 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 2 33 theme matrix 335:340 arg1 transitions 342:352 matrix transitions 335:352 matrix transitions 335:352 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 9 34 theme metabolic 1348:1356 arg1 state 1358:1362 a more anaerobic metabolic state 1331:1362 a more anaerobic metabolic state 1331:1362 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 9 34 theme metabolic 1348:1356 arg1 mechanism 1367:1375 a mechanism 1365:1375 a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion 1365:1416 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 10 35 theme matrix 1549:1554 arg1 composition 1556:1566 matrix composition 1549:1566 matrix composition 1549:1566 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 36 theme GBM 1596:1598 arg1 factor 1621:1626 a key factor 1615:1626 a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1615:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 36 theme GBM 1596:1598 arg1 invasion 1605:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 0 37 theme enhanced 18:25 arg1 potential 36:44 enhanced invasive potential 18:44 enhanced invasive potential 18:44 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 1 38 theme median 247:252 arg1 months 260:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 38 theme median 247:252 arg1 year 271:274 5+ year 268:274 5+ year 268:274 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 0 39 theme acid 72:75 arg1 production 77:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 10 40 theme challenges 1582:1591 arg1 impact 1539:1544 the impact 1535:1544 the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1535:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 9 41 theme GBM 1283:1285 arg1 cells 1287:1291 U87 GBM cells 1279:1291 U87 GBM cells 1279:1291 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 5 42 theme memetic 671:677 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 5 43 theme variable 732:739 arg1 concentrations 748:761 variable oxygen concentrations 732:761 variable oxygen concentrations 732:761 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 1 44 theme 5+ 268:269 arg1 months 260:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 44 theme 5+ 268:269 arg1 year 271:274 5+ year 268:274 5+ year 268:274 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 2 45 theme complex 295:301 arg1 microenvironment 309:324 The complex tumor microenvironment 291:324 The complex tumor microenvironment 291:324 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 0 46 theme hyaluronic 61:70 arg1 production 77:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 5 47 theme HA-decorated 679:690 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 6 48 theme active 855:860 arg1 mutant 871:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 10 49 theme hydrogel 1492:1499 arg1 use 1465:1467 the use 1461:1467 the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel 1461:1499 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 9 50 theme anaerobic 1338:1346 arg1 state 1358:1362 a more anaerobic metabolic state 1331:1362 a more anaerobic metabolic state 1331:1362 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 9 50 theme anaerobic 1338:1346 arg1 mechanism 1367:1375 a mechanism 1365:1375 a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion 1365:1416 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 8 51 with consistent 1198:1207 arg1 findings 1227:1234 our previous findings 1214:1234 our previous findings using other GBM cell lines 1214:1261 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 0 52 theme endogenous 50:59 arg1 production 77:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 endogenous hyaluronic acid production 50:86 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 10 53 from impact 1539:1544 arg1 factor 1621:1626 a key factor 1615:1626 a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1615:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 53 from impact 1539:1544 arg1 invasion 1605:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 8 54 theme GBM 1179:1181 arg1 invasion 1188:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 enhanced GBM cell invasion 1170:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 7 55 theme invasion 1000:1007 arg1 assay 1009:1013 an invasion assay 997:1013 an invasion assay 997:1013 The use of an invasion assay revealed that invasion was significantly enhanced in both cell types under hypoxia. 29485655 3 56 theme oxygen 470:475 arg1 content 477:483 decreased oxygen content 460:483 decreased oxygen content across the tumor 460:500 In addition, metabolic stress induced by decreased oxygen content across the tumor may contribute to tumor progression. 29485655 5 57 theme intra-tumoral 772:784 arg1 hypoxia 786:792 intra-tumoral hypoxia 772:792 intra-tumoral hypoxia 772:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 8 58 theme invasion 1188:1195 arg1 cases 1161:1165 cases 1161:1165 cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion 1161:1195 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 10 59 theme brain 1698:1702 arg1 cancer 1704:1709 adult brain cancer 1692:1709 adult brain cancer 1692:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 4 60 theme metabolic 590:598 arg1 stress 600:605 metabolic stress 590:605 metabolic stress 590:605 However, cross-talk between matrix composition and metabolic stress remains unclear. 29485655 1 61 theme brain 187:191 arg1 cancer 193:198 adult brain cancer 181:198 adult brain cancer 181:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 8 62 theme soluble 1147:1153 arg1 HA 1155:1156 soluble HA 1147:1156 soluble HA 1147:1156 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 6 63 theme GBM 886:888 arg1 cells 890:894 U87 GBM cells 882:894 U87 GBM cells 882:894 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 9 64 theme GBM 1400:1402 arg1 invasion 1409:1416 GBM cell invasion 1400:1416 GBM cell invasion 1400:1416 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 6 65 theme matrix-bound 969:980 arg1 HA 982:983 matrix-bound HA 969:983 matrix-bound HA 969:983 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 5 66 theme brain 665:669 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 3 67 theme tumor 520:524 arg1 progression 526:536 tumor progression 520:536 tumor progression 520:536 In addition, metabolic stress induced by decreased oxygen content across the tumor may contribute to tumor progression. 29485655 8 68 theme other 1242:1246 arg1 lines 1257:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 0 69 theme glioblastoma 91:102 arg1 cells 104:108 glioblastoma cells 91:108 glioblastoma cells 91:108 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 1 70 dep rate 241:244 arg1 months 260:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 median 12-15 months 247:265 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 70 dep rate 241:244 arg1 year 271:274 5+ year 268:274 5+ year 268:274 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 8 71 theme cell 1252:1255 arg1 lines 1257:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 other GBM cell lines 1242:1261 Moreover, we observed compensatory secretion of soluble HA in cases of enhanced GBM cell invasion, consistent with our previous findings using other GBM cell lines. 29485655 6 72 dep hypoxia 957:963 arg1 response 945:952 response 945:952 response 945:952 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 5 73 theme in 656:657 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 1 74 dep months 260:265 arg1 % 287:287 less than 5% 276:287 less than 5% 276:287 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 10 75 theme composition 1556:1566 arg1 impact 1539:1544 the impact 1535:1544 the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1535:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 5 76 theme oxygen 741:746 arg1 concentrations 748:761 variable oxygen concentrations 732:761 variable oxygen concentrations 732:761 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 2 77 theme tumor 303:307 arg1 microenvironment 309:324 The complex tumor microenvironment 291:324 The complex tumor microenvironment 291:324 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 0 78 theme invasive 27:34 arg1 potential 36:44 enhanced invasive potential 18:44 enhanced invasive potential 18:44 Hypoxia activates enhanced invasive potential and endogenous hyaluronic acid production by glioblastoma cells. 29485655 1 79 theme Glioblastoma 111:122 arg1 GBM 125:127 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) 111:128 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 1 79 theme Glioblastoma 111:122 arg1 form 173:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form 133:176 the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 133:198 Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer, and is associated with a short survival rate (median 12-15 months, 5+ year less than 5%). 29485655 5 80 theme hydrogel 700:707 arg1 platform 709:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform 653:716 an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia 653:792 In this study, we fabricated an in vitro brain memetic HA-decorated gelatin hydrogel platform incorporating variable oxygen concentrations to mimic intra-tumoral hypoxia. 29485655 9 81 theme U87 1279:1281 arg1 cells 1287:1291 U87 GBM cells 1279:1291 U87 GBM cells 1279:1291 Interestingly, U87 GBM cells adapted to hypoxia by shifting toward a more anaerobic metabolic state, a mechanism that may contribute to GBM cell invasion. 29485655 6 82 theme EGFR 812:815 arg1 status 817:822 EGFR status 812:822 EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells 812:894 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 2 83 theme hyaluronic 397:406 arg1 HA 414:415 HA 414:415 HA 414:415 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 2 83 theme hyaluronic 397:406 arg1 acid 408:411 hyaluronic acid 397:411 hyaluronic acid (HA) 397:416 The complex tumor microenvironment includes matrix transitions at the tumor margin, such as gradations in hyaluronic acid (HA). 29485655 10 84 theme metabolic 1572:1580 arg1 challenges 1582:1591 metabolic challenges 1572:1591 metabolic challenges 1572:1591 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 7 85 theme cell 1073:1076 arg1 types 1078:1082 both cell types 1068:1082 both cell types 1068:1082 The use of an invasion assay revealed that invasion was significantly enhanced in both cell types under hypoxia. 29485655 6 86 dep status 817:822 arg1 wildtype 825:832 wildtype 825:832 wildtype 825:832 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 6 86 dep status 817:822 arg1 mutant 871:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant 838:876 We observed that EGFR status (wildtype vs. a constitutively active EGFRvIII mutant) of U87 GBM cells affected proliferation and metabolic activity in response to hypoxia and matrix-bound HA. 29485655 10 87 theme cell 1600:1603 arg1 factor 1621:1626 a key factor 1615:1626 a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer 1615:1709 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 10 87 theme cell 1600:1603 arg1 invasion 1605:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 GBM cell invasion 1596:1612 Collectively, these data demonstrate that the use of a three-dimensional hydrogel provides a robust method to study the impact of matrix composition and metabolic challenges on GBM cell invasion, a key factor contributing to the most common, aggressive, and deadly form of adult brain cancer. 29485655 3 88 theme metabolic 432:440 arg1 stress 442:447 metabolic stress 432:447 metabolic stress induced by decreased oxygen content across the tumor 432:500 In addition, metabolic stress induced by decreased oxygen content across the tumor may contribute to tumor progression. 30026097 8 0 theme antimicrobial 1054:1066 arg1 mode 1068:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode 1040:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode of action 1040:1081 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 2 1 dep cerevisiae 290:299 arg1 cerevisiae 305:314 S. cerevisiae 302:314 S. cerevisiae 302:314 However, the antimicrobial mechanism of ε-PL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) is only vaguely described. 30026097 4 2 theme cell 532:535 arg1 wall 537:540 cell wall 532:540 cell wall of S. cerevisiae 532:557 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 5 3 theme cell 703:706 arg1 composition 713:723 the cell wall composition 699:723 the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin 699:775 The results showed that ε-PL affected significantly the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin, and caused cell wall more fragile. 30026097 6 4 theme wall 822:825 arg1 permeability 827:838 The cell wall permeability 813:838 The cell wall permeability 813:838 The cell wall permeability was significantly increased. 30026097 4 5 theme cell 622:625 arg1 wall 627:630 the cell wall 618:630 the cell wall 618:630 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 0 6 theme antimicrobial 89:101 arg1 mechanism 103:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 0 7 from Effects 0:6 arg1 wall 39:42 the cell wall 30:42 the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 0 8 theme involved 80:87 arg1 mechanism 103:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 1 9 used used 147:150 arg2 ε-Poly-l-lysine 114:128 ε-Poly-l-lysine 114:128 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) 114:135 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 1 9 used used 147:150 arg2 agent 172:176 an antibacterial agent 155:176 an antibacterial agent 155:176 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 1 9 used used 147:150 arg2 ε-PL 131:134 ε-PL 131:134 ε-PL 131:134 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 4 10 theme possible 586:593 arg1 mode 602:605 the possible action mode 582:605 the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall 582:630 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 4 11 theme ε-PL 610:613 arg1 mode 602:605 the possible action mode 582:605 the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall 582:630 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 8 12 theme action 1076:1081 arg1 mode 1068:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode 1040:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode of action 1040:1081 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 5 13 theme wall 708:711 arg1 composition 713:723 the cell wall composition 699:723 the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin 699:775 The results showed that ε-PL affected significantly the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin, and caused cell wall more fragile. 30026097 3 14 from effect 453:458 arg1 wall 472:475 the cell wall 463:475 the cell wall 463:475 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 2 15 theme ε-PL 263:266 arg1 mechanism 250:258 the antimicrobial mechanism 232:258 the antimicrobial mechanism of ε-PL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) 232:315 However, the antimicrobial mechanism of ε-PL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) is only vaguely described. 30026097 4 16 from mode 602:605 arg1 wall 627:630 the cell wall 618:630 the cell wall 618:630 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 1 17 theme antibacterial 158:170 arg1 agent 172:176 an antibacterial agent 155:176 an antibacterial agent 155:176 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 1 17 theme antibacterial 158:170 arg1 ε-Poly-l-lysine 114:128 ε-Poly-l-lysine 114:128 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) 114:135 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 8 18 theme complicated 1042:1052 arg1 mode 1068:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode 1040:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode of action 1040:1081 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 3 19 theme main 410:413 arg1 mode 429:432 its main antimicrobial mode 406:432 its main antimicrobial mode of action 406:442 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 8 20 theme multi-target 1088:1099 arg1 mechanisms 1101:1110 multi-target mechanisms 1088:1110 multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells 1088:1138 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 3 21 theme antimicrobial 415:427 arg1 mode 429:432 its main antimicrobial mode 406:432 its main antimicrobial mode of action 406:442 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 4 22 from effects 513:519 arg1 wall 537:540 cell wall 532:540 cell wall of S. cerevisiae 532:557 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 8 23 contain have 1035:1038 arg1 ε-PL 1026:1029 ε-PL 1026:1029 ε-PL 1026:1029 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 8 23 contain have 1035:1038 arg2 mode 1068:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode 1040:1071 a complicated antimicrobial mode of action 1040:1081 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 0 24 theme ε-Poly-l-lysine 11:25 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 0 24 theme ε-Poly-l-lysine 11:25 arg1 mechanism 103:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 its involved antimicrobial mechanism 76:111 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 4 25 theme ε-PL 524:527 arg1 effects 513:519 the effects 509:519 the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae 509:557 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 7 26 theme DNA 979:981 arg1 fragmentation 983:995 DNA fragmentation 979:995 DNA fragmentation 979:995 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 5 27 dep fragile 804:810 arg1 wall 794:797 cell wall 789:797 cell wall 789:797 The results showed that ε-PL affected significantly the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin, and caused cell wall more fragile. 30026097 0 28 theme cell 34:37 arg1 wall 39:42 the cell wall 30:42 the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 1 29 theme broad 193:197 arg1 spectrum 213:220 its broad antimicrobial spectrum 189:220 its broad antimicrobial spectrum 189:220 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 3 30 theme action 437:442 arg1 mode 429:432 its main antimicrobial mode 406:432 its main antimicrobial mode of action 406:442 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 8 31 theme cerevisiae 1123:1132 arg1 cells 1134:1138 S. cerevisiae cells 1120:1138 S. cerevisiae cells 1120:1138 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 5 32 theme cell 789:792 arg1 wall 794:797 cell wall 789:797 cell wall 789:797 The results showed that ε-PL affected significantly the cell wall composition such as β-1, 3-glucan, mannosylphosphate and chitin, and caused cell wall more fragile. 30026097 8 33 theme S. 1120:1121 arg1 cells 1134:1138 S. cerevisiae cells 1120:1138 S. cerevisiae cells 1120:1138 These results indicate that ε-PL may have a complicated antimicrobial mode of action with multi-target mechanisms against S. cerevisiae cells. 30026097 1 34 theme antimicrobial 199:211 arg1 spectrum 213:220 its broad antimicrobial spectrum 189:220 its broad antimicrobial spectrum 189:220 ε-Poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) is widely used as an antibacterial agent because of its broad antimicrobial spectrum. 30026097 3 35 theme membrane 383:390 arg1 disruption 392:401 membrane disruption 383:401 membrane disruption 383:401 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 6 36 theme cell 817:820 arg1 permeability 827:838 The cell wall permeability 813:838 The cell wall permeability 813:838 The cell wall permeability was significantly increased. 30026097 7 37 theme oxygen 938:943 arg1 species 945:951 reactive oxygen species 929:951 reactive oxygen species (ROS) 929:957 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 7 37 theme oxygen 938:943 arg1 ROS 954:956 ROS 954:956 ROS 954:956 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 3 38 theme cell 467:470 arg1 wall 472:475 the cell wall 463:475 the cell wall 463:475 Especially, it is widely accepted that membrane disruption is its main antimicrobial mode of action, but its effect on the cell wall remains unclear. 30026097 0 39 from mechanism 103:111 arg1 wall 39:42 the cell wall 30:42 the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 7 40 theme species 945:951 arg1 accumulation 913:924 the intracellular accumulation 895:924 the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 895:957 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 4 41 theme cerevisiae 548:557 arg1 wall 537:540 cell wall 532:540 cell wall of S. cerevisiae 532:557 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 0 42 theme cerevisiae 61:70 arg1 wall 39:42 the cell wall 30:42 the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 30:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 2 43 theme antimicrobial 236:248 arg1 mechanism 250:258 the antimicrobial mechanism 232:258 the antimicrobial mechanism of ε-PL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) 232:315 However, the antimicrobial mechanism of ε-PL against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) is only vaguely described. 30026097 7 44 theme reactive 929:936 arg1 species 945:951 reactive oxygen species 929:951 reactive oxygen species (ROS) 929:957 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 7 44 theme reactive 929:936 arg1 ROS 954:956 ROS 954:956 ROS 954:956 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 30026097 4 45 theme action 595:600 arg1 mode 602:605 the possible action mode 582:605 the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall 582:630 In this study, the effects of ε-PL on cell wall of S. cerevisiae were investigated, and the possible action mode of ε-PL on the cell wall was discussed. 30026097 0 46 theme Saccharomyces 47:59 arg1 cerevisiae 61:70 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 47:70 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 47:70 Effects of ε-Poly-l-lysine on the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its involved antimicrobial mechanism. 30026097 7 47 theme intracellular 899:911 arg1 accumulation 913:924 the intracellular accumulation 895:924 the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 895:957 Furthermore, ε-PL induced the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as lead to DNA fragmentation. 31119894 5 0 from application 1230:1240 arg1 industries 1266:1275 the textile and shoe industries 1245:1275 industries 1266:1275 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 3 1 theme drop 709:712 arg1 absorption 714:723 drop absorption 709:723 drop absorption over time 709:733 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 2 2 theme Scanning 594:601 arg1 Microscopy 612:621 Scanning Electron Microscopy 594:621 Scanning Electron Microscopy 594:621 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 5 3 theme malleable 1128:1136 arg1 nanocomposites 1153:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites 1105:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC 1105:1178 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 0 4 theme shoe 72:75 arg1 industry 77:84 the textile and shoe industry 56:84 industry 77:84 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 3 5 theme contact 693:699 arg1 angles 701:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 5 6 theme cost-effective 1081:1094 arg1 process 1096:1102 a simple and cost-effective process 1068:1102 a simple and cost-effective process 1068:1102 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 1 7 theme impermeable 152:162 arg1 nanocomposites 190:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 3 8 theme water 843:847 arg1 vapour 849:854 water vapour 843:854 water vapour 843:854 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 4 9 theme BC-nanocomposites 890:906 arg1 properties 872:881 The mechanical properties 857:881 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites 857:906 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites were improved after incorporation of the hydrophobic products, in some of the formulations tested, overall presenting a satisfactory performance. 31119894 2 10 theme spectroscopy 654:665 arg1 studies 667:673 Infrared spectroscopy studies 645:673 Infrared spectroscopy studies 645:673 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 1 11 theme commercial 266:275 arg1 polymers 289:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers 262:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 262:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 2 12 theme nanofibres 522:531 arg1 surface 507:513 the surface 503:513 the surface of the nanofibres 503:531 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 1 13 theme Baygard 365:371 arg1 EFN 373:375 Baygard EFN 365:375 Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 365:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 13 theme Baygard 365:371 arg1 perfluorocarbon 378:392 perfluorocarbon 378:392 perfluorocarbon 378:392 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 2 14 theme Infrared 645:652 arg1 studies 667:673 Infrared spectroscopy studies 645:673 Infrared spectroscopy studies 645:673 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 1 15 theme hydrophobic 277:287 arg1 polymers 289:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers 262:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 262:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 5 16 theme robust 1120:1125 arg1 nanocomposites 1153:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites 1105:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC 1105:1178 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 1 17 theme bacterial 164:172 arg1 nanocomposites 190:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 18 dep finishing 314:322 arg1 Persoftal 325:333 Persoftal 325:333 Persoftal 325:333 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 5 19 theme breathable 1142:1151 arg1 nanocomposites 1153:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites 1105:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC 1105:1178 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 1 20 theme cellulose-based 174:188 arg1 nanocomposites 190:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 3 21 theme permeability 746:757 arg1 values 759:764 vapour permeability values 739:764 vapour permeability values 739:764 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 4 22 theme mechanical 861:870 arg1 properties 872:881 The mechanical properties 857:881 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites 857:906 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites were improved after incorporation of the hydrophobic products, in some of the formulations tested, overall presenting a satisfactory performance. 31119894 2 23 theme Electron 603:610 arg1 Microscopy 612:621 Scanning Electron Microscopy 594:621 Scanning Electron Microscopy 594:621 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 3 24 theme water 680:684 arg1 angles 701:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 0 25 theme bacterial 21:29 arg1 composites 41:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 0 26 theme novel 15:19 arg1 composites 41:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 3 27 theme vapour 739:744 arg1 values 759:764 vapour permeability values 739:764 vapour permeability values 739:764 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 2 28 theme entire 545:550 arg1 depth 552:556 the entire depth 541:556 the entire depth of the material 541:572 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 5 29 theme promising 1205:1213 arg1 properties 1215:1224 promising properties 1205:1224 promising properties 1205:1224 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 1 30 theme impregnating 209:220 arg1 membranes 247:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes 209:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 209:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 0 31 theme composites 41:50 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 0:85 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 1 32 theme textile 306:312 arg1 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 32 theme textile 306:312 arg1 MS 335:336 textile finishing, Persoftal MS 306:336 textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) 306:359 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 4 33 theme products 961:968 arg1 incorporation 928:940 incorporation 928:940 incorporation of the hydrophobic products 928:968 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites were improved after incorporation of the hydrophobic products, in some of the formulations tested, overall presenting a satisfactory performance. 31119894 1 34 theme bacterial 222:230 arg1 membranes 247:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes 209:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 209:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 0 35 theme cellulose 31:39 arg1 composites 41:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 novel bacterial cellulose composites 15:50 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 1 36 theme finishing 314:322 arg1 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 polydimethylsiloxane 339:358 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 36 theme finishing 314:322 arg1 MS 335:336 textile finishing, Persoftal MS 306:336 textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) 306:359 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 4 37 theme hydrophobic 949:959 arg1 products 961:968 the hydrophobic products 945:968 the hydrophobic products 945:968 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites were improved after incorporation of the hydrophobic products, in some of the formulations tested, overall presenting a satisfactory performance. 31119894 2 38 dep Fourier 627:633 arg1 Transform 635:643 Transform 635:643 Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies 635:673 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 1 39 theme cellulose 232:240 arg1 membranes 247:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes 209:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 209:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 4 40 theme satisfactory 1028:1039 arg1 performance 1041:1051 a satisfactory performance 1026:1051 a satisfactory performance 1026:1051 The mechanical properties of the BC-nanocomposites were improved after incorporation of the hydrophobic products, in some of the formulations tested, overall presenting a satisfactory performance. 31119894 5 41 theme hydrophobized 1105:1117 arg1 nanocomposites 1153:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites 1105:1166 hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC 1105:1178 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 2 42 theme BC 464:465 arg1 membranes 467:475 the BC membranes 460:475 the BC membranes 460:475 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 2 43 theme material 565:572 arg1 depth 552:556 the entire depth 541:556 the entire depth of the material 541:572 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 1 44 theme exhaustion 402:411 arg1 process 413:419 an exhaustion process 399:419 an exhaustion process 399:419 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 3 45 theme static 686:691 arg1 angles 701:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles 676:706 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 1 46 theme malleable 120:128 arg1 nanocomposites 190:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 3 47 theme liquid 813:818 arg1 water 820:824 liquid water 813:824 liquid water 813:824 The water static contact angles, drop absorption over time and vapour permeability values showed that the composites were impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapour. 31119894 5 48 theme simple 1070:1075 arg1 process 1096:1102 a simple and cost-effective process 1068:1102 a simple and cost-effective process 1068:1102 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 1 49 theme BC 243:244 arg1 membranes 247:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes 209:255 impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 209:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 50 with membranes 247:255 arg1 polymers 289:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers 262:296 two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon) 262:393 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 1 51 theme breathable 131:140 arg1 nanocomposites 190:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites 120:203 This research aimed at producing malleable, breathable and water impermeable bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites, by impregnating bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes with two commercial hydrophobic polymers used in textile finishing, Persoftal MS (polydimethylsiloxane) and Baygard EFN (perfluorocarbon), by an exhaustion process. 31119894 5 52 theme shoe 1261:1264 arg1 industries 1266:1275 the textile and shoe industries 1245:1275 industries 1266:1275 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 31119894 0 53 theme textile 60:66 arg1 industry 77:84 the textile and shoe industry 56:84 industry 77:84 Development of novel bacterial cellulose composites for the textile and shoe industry. 31119894 2 54 theme hydrophobic 428:438 arg1 products 440:447 These hydrophobic products 422:447 These hydrophobic products 422:447 These hydrophobic products penetrated the BC membranes and adsorbed tightly onto the surface of the nanofibres, across the entire depth of the material, as demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy studies. 31119894 5 55 theme textile 1249:1255 arg1 industries 1266:1275 the textile and shoe industries 1245:1275 industries 1266:1275 Thus, through a simple and cost-effective process, hydrophobized, robust, malleable and breathable nanocomposites based on BC were obtained, featuring promising properties for application in the textile and shoe industries. 29140465 8 0 theme ileal 1005:1009 arg1 samples 1011:1017 ileal samples 1005:1017 ileal samples 1005:1017 Villi length of ileal samples was measured, while L-cell and T-cell densities were determined using immuno-histochemistry. 29140465 6 1 theme euthanized 767:776 arg1 animals 778:784 euthanized animals 767:784 euthanized animals 767:784 At d 14, ileal and cecal contents and tissue samples were collected from euthanized animals. 29140465 7 2 dep abundance 927:935 arg1 the 923:925 the 923:925 the 923:925 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 13 3 theme intestinal 1787:1796 arg1 mucosa 1798:1803 the intestinal mucosa 1783:1803 the intestinal mucosa 1783:1803 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 14 4 located observed 1958:1965 arg1 length 1976:1981 villi length 1970:1981 villi length 1970:1981 No significant effects were observed on villi length. 29140465 14 4 located observed 1958:1965 arg2 effects 1945:1951 No significant effects 1930:1951 No significant effects 1930:1951 No significant effects were observed on villi length. 29140465 7 5 theme 16S 973:975 arg1 sequencing 977:986 16S sequencing 973:986 16S sequencing 973:986 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 7 6 theme microbiota 956:965 arg1 composition 941:951 composition 941:951 composition 941:951 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 7 6 theme microbiota 956:965 arg1 abundance 927:935 abundance 927:935 abundance 927:935 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 13 7 theme T-lymphocyte 1754:1765 arg1 infiltration 1767:1778 the T-lymphocyte infiltration 1750:1778 the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa 1750:1803 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 8 8 theme L-cell 1039:1044 arg1 densities 1057:1065 L-cell and T-cell densities 1039:1065 L-cell and T-cell densities 1039:1065 Villi length of ileal samples was measured, while L-cell and T-cell densities were determined using immuno-histochemistry. 29140465 16 9 theme animal 2298:2303 arg1 growth 2305:2310 improved animal growth 2289:2310 improved animal growth 2289:2310 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 12 10 contain containing 1621:1630 arg1 families 1611:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 12 10 contain containing 1621:1630 arg2 bacteria 1660:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 1 11 theme broiler 208:214 arg1 performances 216:227 broiler performances 208:227 broiler performances 208:227 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 8 12 theme T-cell 1050:1055 arg1 densities 1057:1065 L-cell and T-cell densities 1039:1065 L-cell and T-cell densities 1039:1065 Villi length of ileal samples was measured, while L-cell and T-cell densities were determined using immuno-histochemistry. 29140465 12 13 theme bacteria 1555:1562 arg1 abundance 1475:1483 the abundance 1471:1483 the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria 1471:1562 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 16 14 theme inflammation 2164:2175 arg1 reduction 2151:2159 the reduction 2147:2159 the reduction of inflammation 2147:2175 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 5 15 theme feed 616:619 arg1 FI 629:630 FI 629:630 FI 629:630 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 5 15 theme feed 616:619 arg1 intake 621:626 feed intake 616:626 feed intake (FI) 616:631 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 11 16 from effect 1409:1414 arg1 FCR 1419:1421 FCR 1419:1421 FCR 1419:1421 No significant effect on FCR was recorded during the trial. 29140465 2 17 dep complex 254:260 arg1 understood 276:285 understood 276:285 fully understood 270:285 Their mode of action is complex and not fully understood. 29140465 1 18 theme Carbohydrate-degrading 133:154 arg1 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 1 18 theme Carbohydrate-degrading 133:154 arg1 preparations 169:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations 133:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) 133:186 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 7 19 theme gas 887:889 arg1 chromatography 891:904 gas chromatography 887:904 gas chromatography 887:904 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 7 20 theme fatty 848:852 arg1 SCFA 861:864 SCFA 861:864 SCFA 861:864 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 7 20 theme fatty 848:852 arg1 acids 854:858 short-chain fatty acids 836:858 the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography 832:904 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 13 21 from infiltration 1767:1778 arg1 mucosa 1798:1803 the intestinal mucosa 1783:1803 the intestinal mucosa 1783:1803 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 1 22 theme multi-enzyme 156:167 arg1 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 1 22 theme multi-enzyme 156:167 arg1 preparations 169:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations 133:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) 133:186 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 3 23 theme water-soluble 329:341 arg1 fractions 343:351 water-soluble fractions 329:351 water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) 329:416 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 5 24 theme conversion 643:652 arg1 FCR 661:663 FCR 661:663 FCR 661:663 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 5 24 theme conversion 643:652 arg1 ratio 654:658 feed conversion ratio 638:658 feed conversion ratio (FCR) 638:664 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 12 25 theme durans 1501:1506 arg1 abundance 1475:1483 the abundance 1471:1483 the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria 1471:1562 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 13 26 theme SCFA 1722:1725 arg1 concentration 1705:1717 the concentration 1701:1717 the concentration of SCFA in the ceca 1701:1737 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 9 27 theme arabinoxylans 1168:1180 arg1 arabinoxylans 1168:1180 water-soluble arabinoxylans 1154:1180 water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) 1154:1185 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 9 27 theme arabinoxylans 1168:1180 arg1 amount 1144:1149 the amount 1140:1149 the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) 1140:1185 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 5 28 theme weight 597:602 arg1 BWG 610:612 BWG 610:612 BWG 610:612 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 5 28 theme weight 597:602 arg1 gain 604:607 body weight gain 592:607 body weight gain (BWG) 592:613 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 3 29 attach isolated 353:360 arg1 grain 392:396 wheat grain 386:396 wheat grain incubated with (WE) 386:416 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 3 29 attach isolated 353:360 arg2 fractions 343:351 water-soluble fractions 329:351 water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) 329:416 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 3 29 attach isolated 353:360 arg1 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 15 30 from present 2013:2019 arg1 fraction 2031:2038 the WE fraction 2024:2038 the WE fraction 2024:2038 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 7 31 used used 816:819 arg2 contents 802:809 The intestinal contents 787:809 The intestinal contents 787:809 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 3 32 dep incubated 398:406 arg1 grain 392:396 wheat grain 386:396 wheat grain incubated with (WE) 386:416 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 3 32 dep incubated 398:406 arg1 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 0 33 theme starter 117:123 arg1 period 125:130 the broiler starter period 105:130 the broiler starter period 105:130 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 7 34 theme intestinal 791:800 arg1 contents 802:809 The intestinal contents 787:809 The intestinal contents 787:809 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 3 35 theme wheat 386:390 arg1 grain 392:396 wheat grain 386:396 wheat grain incubated with (WE) 386:416 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 3 35 theme wheat 386:390 arg1 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 WE 414:415 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 5 36 theme feed 638:641 arg1 FCR 661:663 FCR 661:663 FCR 661:663 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 5 36 theme feed 638:641 arg1 ratio 654:658 feed conversion ratio 638:658 feed conversion ratio (FCR) 638:664 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 0 37 theme Short-chain 0:10 arg1 arabinoxylans 12:24 Short-chain arabinoxylans 0:24 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain 0:72 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 4 38 dep diet 489:492 arg1 feed 508:511 feed 508:511 to feed Ross PM3 broilers 505:529 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 0 39 theme wheat 62:66 arg1 grain 68:72 enzymatically treated wheat grain 40:72 enzymatically treated wheat grain 40:72 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 15 40 theme microbiota 2052:2061 arg1 composition 2063:2073 the microbiota composition 2048:2073 the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca 2048:2112 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 4 41 theme % 498:498 arg1  w/w 499:502 0.1% w/w 495:502 0.1% w/w 495:502 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 4 41 theme % 498:498 arg1 diet 489:492 a wheat-based diet 475:492 a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers 475:529 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 13 42 theme L-cell 1866:1871 arg1 density 1873:1879 the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density 1820:1879 the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC 1820:1927 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 10 43 dep significantly 1278:1290 arg1 < 1295:1295 P < 0.05 1293:1300 P < 0.05 1293:1300 The WE fraction significantly (P < 0.05) increased FI by 13.8% and BWG by 14.7% during the first wk post hatch when compared to NC. 29140465 13 44 from concentration 1705:1717 arg1 ceca 1734:1737 the ceca 1730:1737 the ceca 1730:1737 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 8 45 theme Villi 989:993 arg1 length 995:1000 Villi length 989:1000 Villi length of ileal samples 989:1017 Villi length of ileal samples was measured, while L-cell and T-cell densities were determined using immuno-histochemistry. 29140465 16 46 theme feed 2266:2269 arg1 intake 2271:2276 the higher feed intake 2255:2276 the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth 2255:2310 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 12 47 theme abundant 1632:1639 arg1 bacteria 1660:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 4 48 theme non-supplemented 551:566 arg1 NC 583:584 NC 583:584 NC 583:584 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 4 48 theme non-supplemented 551:566 arg1 group 576:580 a non-supplemented control group 549:580 a non-supplemented control group (NC) 549:585 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 15 49 from composition 2063:2073 arg1 ceca 2109:2112 the ceca 2105:2112 the ceca 2105:2112 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 12 50 theme Lachnospiraceae 1575:1589 arg1 families 1611:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 4 51 theme PM3 518:520 arg1 broilers 522:529 Ross PM3 broilers 513:529 Ross PM3 broilers 513:529 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 5 52 theme body 592:595 arg1 BWG 610:612 BWG 610:612 BWG 610:612 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 5 52 theme body 592:595 arg1 gain 604:607 body weight gain 592:607 body weight gain (BWG) 592:613 The body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) until d 14 were determined. 29140465 10 53 theme WE 1266:1267 arg1 fraction 1269:1276 The WE fraction 1262:1276 The WE fraction 1262:1276 The WE fraction significantly (P < 0.05) increased FI by 13.8% and BWG by 14.7% during the first wk post hatch when compared to NC. 29140465 8 54 theme samples 1011:1017 arg1 length 995:1000 Villi length 989:1000 Villi length of ileal samples 989:1017 Villi length of ileal samples was measured, while L-cell and T-cell densities were determined using immuno-histochemistry. 29140465 16 55 theme improved 2289:2296 arg1 growth 2305:2310 improved animal growth 2289:2310 improved animal growth 2289:2310 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 12 56 theme Ruminococcaceae 1595:1609 arg1 families 1611:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 1571:1618 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 12 57 from abundance 1475:1483 arg1 ileum 1542:1546 the ileum 1538:1546 the ileum 1538:1546 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 6 58 theme tissue 732:737 arg1 samples 739:745 tissue samples 732:745 tissue samples 732:745 At d 14, ileal and cecal contents and tissue samples were collected from euthanized animals. 29140465 9 59 theme polymer 1244:1250 arg1 behavior 1252:1259 their polymer behavior 1238:1259 their polymer behavior 1238:1259 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 10 60 theme P 1293:1293 arg1 < 1295:1295 P < 0.05 1293:1300 P < 0.05 1293:1300 The WE fraction significantly (P < 0.05) increased FI by 13.8% and BWG by 14.7% during the first wk post hatch when compared to NC. 29140465 13 61 from density 1873:1879 arg1 epithelium 1894:1903 the ileal epithelium 1884:1903 the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC 1884:1927 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 11 62 theme significant 1397:1407 arg1 effect 1409:1414 No significant effect 1394:1414 No significant effect on FCR 1394:1421 No significant effect on FCR was recorded during the trial. 29140465 14 63 theme villi 1970:1974 arg1 length 1976:1981 villi length 1970:1981 villi length 1970:1981 No significant effects were observed on villi length. 29140465 9 64 theme MEP 1116:1118 arg1 treatment 1120:1128 The MEP treatment 1112:1128 The MEP treatment 1112:1128 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 2 65 theme action 244:249 arg1 mode 236:239 Their mode 230:239 Their mode of action 230:249 Their mode of action is complex and not fully understood. 29140465 4 66 theme wheat-based 477:487 arg1  w/w 499:502 0.1% w/w 495:502 0.1% w/w 495:502 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 4 66 theme wheat-based 477:487 arg1 diet 489:492 a wheat-based diet 475:492 a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers 475:529 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 15 67 theme WE 2028:2029 arg1 fraction 2031:2038 the WE fraction 2024:2038 the WE fraction 2024:2038 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 12 68 theme arthromitus 1523:1533 arg1 abundance 1475:1483 the abundance 1471:1483 the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria 1471:1562 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 0 69 theme prebiotic 80:88 arg1 effects 90:96 prebiotic effects 80:96 prebiotic effects 80:96 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 7 70 theme acids 854:858 arg1 concentration 867:879 the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration 832:879 the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography 832:904 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 16 71 from decrease 2198:2205 arg1 infiltration 2223:2234 T-lymphocyte infiltration 2210:2234 T-lymphocyte infiltration 2210:2234 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 3 72 theme fractions 343:351 arg1 effect 319:324 the effect 315:324 the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP 315:437 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 1 73 used used 192:195 arg2 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 MEP 183:185 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 1 73 used used 192:195 arg2 preparations 169:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations 133:180 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) 133:186 Carbohydrate-degrading multi-enzyme preparations (MEP) are used to improve broiler performances. 29140465 9 74 theme water-soluble 1154:1166 arg1 arabinoxylans 1168:1180 water-soluble arabinoxylans 1154:1180 water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) 1154:1185 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 7 75 theme short-chain 836:846 arg1 SCFA 861:864 SCFA 861:864 SCFA 861:864 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 7 75 theme short-chain 836:846 arg1 acids 854:858 short-chain fatty acids 836:858 the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography 832:904 The intestinal contents were used to measure the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration using gas chromatography and to determine the abundance and composition of microbiota using 16S sequencing. 29140465 15 76 theme AX 2010:2011 arg1 present 2013:2019 AX present 2010:2019 AX present in the WE fraction 2010:2038 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 0 77 theme broiler 109:115 arg1 period 125:130 the broiler starter period 105:130 the broiler starter period 105:130 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 3 78 theme pilot 369:373 arg1 scale 375:379 the pilot scale 365:379 the pilot scale 365:379 In this study, we compared the effect of water-soluble fractions isolated at the pilot scale from wheat grain incubated with (WE) and without (WC) MEP. 29140465 14 79 theme significant 1933:1943 arg1 effects 1945:1951 No significant effects 1930:1951 No significant effects 1930:1951 No significant effects were observed on villi length. 29140465 13 80 theme ileal 1888:1892 arg1 epithelium 1894:1903 the ileal epithelium 1884:1903 the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC 1884:1927 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 9 81 dep arabinoxylans 1168:1180 arg1 AX 1183:1184 AX 1183:1184 AX 1183:1184 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 9 82 theme molecular 1205:1213 arg1 weight 1215:1220 their molecular weight 1199:1220 their molecular weight 1199:1220 The MEP treatment increased the amount of water-soluble arabinoxylans (AX) and reduced their molecular weight while retaining their polymer behavior. 29140465 4 83 theme Ross 513:516 arg1 broilers 522:529 Ross PM3 broilers 513:529 Ross PM3 broilers 513:529 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 0 84 theme treated 54:60 arg1 grain 68:72 enzymatically treated wheat grain 40:72 enzymatically treated wheat grain 40:72 Short-chain arabinoxylans prepared from enzymatically treated wheat grain exert prebiotic effects during the broiler starter period. 29140465 6 85 theme cecal 713:717 arg1 contents 719:726 ileal and cecal contents 703:726 ileal and cecal contents 703:726 At d 14, ileal and cecal contents and tissue samples were collected from euthanized animals. 29140465 4 86 theme 0.1 495:497 arg1 % 498:498 % 498:498 % 498:498 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 16 87 theme T-lymphocyte 2210:2221 arg1 infiltration 2223:2234 T-lymphocyte infiltration 2210:2234 T-lymphocyte infiltration 2210:2234 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 16 88 theme higher 2259:2264 arg1 intake 2271:2276 the higher feed intake 2255:2276 the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth 2255:2310 Butyrate may be responsible for the reduction of inflammation, as suggested by the decrease in T-lymphocyte infiltration, which may explain the higher feed intake leading to improved animal growth. 29140465 15 89 theme butyrate 2083:2090 arg1 producers 2092:2100 butyrate producers 2083:2100 butyrate producers 2083:2100 These results showed that AX present in the WE fraction altered the microbiota composition towards butyrate producers in the ceca. 29140465 6 90 theme ileal 703:707 arg1 contents 719:726 ileal and cecal contents 703:726 ileal and cecal contents 703:726 At d 14, ileal and cecal contents and tissue samples were collected from euthanized animals. 29140465 12 91 theme butyrate-producing 1641:1658 arg1 bacteria 1660:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 abundant butyrate-producing bacteria 1632:1667 The WE increased the abundance of Enterococcus durans and Candidatus arthromitus in the ileum and of bacteria within the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families, containing abundant butyrate-producing bacteria, in the ceca. 29140465 10 92 theme first 1353:1357 arg1 wk 1359:1360 the first wk 1349:1360 the first wk post hatch 1349:1371 The WE fraction significantly (P < 0.05) increased FI by 13.8% and BWG by 14.7% during the first wk post hatch when compared to NC. 29140465 13 93 theme -producing 1855:1864 arg1 density 1873:1879 the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density 1820:1879 the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC 1820:1927 It also increased the concentration of SCFA in the ceca, decreased the T-lymphocyte infiltration in the intestinal mucosa, and increased the glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2)-producing L-cell density in the ileal epithelium compared with WC and NC. 29140465 4 94 theme control 568:574 arg1 NC 583:584 NC 583:584 NC 583:584 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 29140465 4 94 theme control 568:574 arg1 group 576:580 a non-supplemented control group 549:580 a non-supplemented control group (NC) 549:585 The fractions were incorporated in a wheat-based diet (0.1% w/w) to feed Ross PM3 broilers and compared with a non-supplemented control group (NC). 30005919 7 0 theme caloric 1625:1631 arg1 intake 1633:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 Although 10IN and 25IN decreased caloric intake, and 25CE increased caloric intake, during training, all high-fiber diets were less preferred. 30005919 4 1 theme acetate 1132:1138 arg1 CoA-transferase 1140:1154 acetate CoA-transferase 1132:1154 Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase 1047:1154 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 1 2 from effects 260:266 arg1 balance 288:294 energy balance 281:294 energy balance 281:294 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 8 3 theme metabolic 1858:1866 arg1 effects 1868:1874 metabolic effects 1858:1874 metabolic effects 1858:1874 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 1 4 theme popular 157:163 arg1 fiber 175:179 a popular prebiotic fiber 155:179 a popular prebiotic fiber 155:179 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 1 4 theme popular 157:163 arg1 Inulin 147:152 Inulin 147:152 Inulin 147:152 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 4 5 theme caloric 933:939 arg1 intake 941:946 caloric intake 933:946 caloric intake 933:946 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 6 from cholecystokinin 1190:1204 arg1 cecum 1241:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 6 from cholecystokinin 1190:1204 arg1 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 1 7 theme metabolic 333:341 arg1 effects 343:349 the metabolic effects 329:349 the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction 329:388 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 2 8 theme food 498:501 arg1 intake 503:508 food intake 498:508 food intake 498:508 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 4 9 from YY 1186:1187 arg1 cecum 1241:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 9 from YY 1186:1187 arg1 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 10 theme peptide 1178:1184 arg1 YY 1186:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 0 11 theme high-fat-fed 123:134 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 2 12 theme body 531:534 arg1 composition 536:546 body composition 531:546 body composition 531:546 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 0 13 from tolerance 64:72 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 4 14 theme improved 974:981 arg1 tolerance 991:999 improved glucose tolerance 974:999 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 8 15 theme caloric 1778:1784 arg1 intake 1786:1791 caloric intake 1778:1791 caloric intake 1778:1791 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 3 16 theme 2.5 759:761 arg1 % 762:762 % 762:762 % 762:762 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 6 17 theme training 1505:1512 arg1 periods 1514:1520 four training periods 1500:1520 four training periods 1500:1520 In experiment 2, following four training periods, diet preferences were determined. 30005919 2 18 theme diet 644:647 arg1 preference 649:658 reduced diet preference 636:658 reduced diet preference 636:658 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 1 19 theme restriction 378:388 arg1 independent 355:365 independent 355:365 independent 355:365 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 2 20 theme diets 456:460 arg1 effects 445:451 the effects 441:451 the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones 441:575 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 3 21 theme % 762:762 arg1 2.5IN 772:776 2.5IN 772:776 2.5IN 772:776 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 21 theme % 762:762 arg1 inulin 764:769 2.5% inulin 759:769 2.5% inulin (2.5IN) 759:777 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 21 theme % 762:762 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 8 22 theme gut 1804:1806 arg1 microbiota 1808:1817 gut microbiota 1804:1817 gut microbiota 1804:1817 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 4 23 dep decreased 923:931 arg1 that 894:897 that 894:897 that 894:897 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 3 24 theme % 748:748 arg1 CON 742:744 CON 742:744 CON 742:744 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 24 theme % 748:748 arg1 inulin 750:755 0% inulin 747:755 0% inulin 747:755 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 0 25 theme gut 75:77 arg1 microbiota 79:88 gut microbiota 75:88 gut microbiota 75:88 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 1 26 theme diet 300:303 arg1 preference 305:314 diet preference 300:314 diet preference 300:314 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 2 27 from concentrations 480:493 arg1 intake 503:508 food intake 498:508 food intake 498:508 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 2 27 from concentrations 480:493 arg1 expenditure 518:528 energy expenditure 511:528 energy expenditure 511:528 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 2 27 from concentrations 480:493 arg1 composition 536:546 body composition 531:546 body composition 531:546 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 2 27 from concentrations 480:493 arg1 microbiota 553:562 gut microbiota 549:562 gut microbiota 549:562 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 2 27 from concentrations 480:493 arg1 hormones 568:575 hormones 568:575 hormones 568:575 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 2 28 theme inulin-induced 599:612 arg1 hypophagia 614:623 inulin-induced hypophagia 599:623 inulin-induced hypophagia 599:623 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 8 29 theme satiety 1835:1841 arg1 hormones 1843:1850 satiety hormones 1835:1850 satiety hormones 1835:1850 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 3 30 theme % 782:782 arg1 10IN 792:795 10IN 792:795 10IN 792:795 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 30 theme % 782:782 arg1 inulin 784:789 10% inulin 780:789 10% inulin (10IN) 780:796 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 30 theme % 782:782 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 4 31 theme peptide-1 1308:1316 arg1 concentrations 1318:1331 glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations 1294:1331 glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations 1294:1331 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 32 theme increased 1002:1010 arg1 abundance 1016:1024 the abundance 1012:1024 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 3 33 theme male 678:681 arg1 rats 683:686 male rats 678:686 male rats 678:686 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 0 34 theme Inulin 0:5 arg1 fiber 7:11 Inulin fiber 0:11 Inulin fiber 0:11 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 4 35 from abundance 1016:1024 arg1 cecum 1159:1163 cecum 1159:1163 cecum 1159:1163 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 8 36 dep intake 1786:1791 arg1 upregulated 1823:1833 upregulated 1823:1833 upregulated satiety hormones 1823:1850 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 8 36 dep intake 1786:1791 arg1 modulated 1794:1802 modulated 1794:1802 modulated gut microbiota 1794:1817 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 4 37 theme peptide 1279:1285 arg1 YY 1287:1288 plasma peptide YY 1272:1288 plasma peptide YY 1272:1288 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 1 38 theme dose-response 246:258 arg1 effects 260:266 the dose-response effects 242:266 the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction 242:388 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 0 39 theme energy 40:45 arg1 balance 47:53 energy balance 40:53 energy balance 40:53 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 5 40 from reduction 1380:1388 arg1 expenditure 1400:1410 energy expenditure 1393:1410 energy expenditure associated with calorie restriction 1393:1446 Importantly, unlike 25PF, 25IN attenuated the reduction in energy expenditure associated with calorie restriction and decreased adiposity. 30005919 8 41 theme caloric 1905:1911 arg1 restriction 1913:1923 caloric restriction 1905:1923 caloric restriction 1905:1923 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 7 42 theme high-fiber 1662:1671 arg1 diets 1673:1677 all high-fiber diets 1658:1677 all high-fiber diets 1658:1677 Although 10IN and 25IN decreased caloric intake, and 25CE increased caloric intake, during training, all high-fiber diets were less preferred. 30005919 4 43 theme Clostridium 1079:1089 arg1 clusters 1091:1098 decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV 1069:1107 clusters 1091:1098 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 8 44 theme restriction 1913:1923 arg1 independent 1890:1900 independent 1890:1900 independent 1890:1900 Taken together, this work demonstrates that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake, modulated gut microbiota and upregulated satiety hormones, with metabolic effects being largely independent of caloric restriction. 30005919 7 45 dep intake 1598:1603 arg1 intake 1633:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 Although 10IN and 25IN decreased caloric intake, and 25CE increased caloric intake, during training, all high-fiber diets were less preferred. 30005919 1 46 theme inulin 271:276 arg1 effects 260:266 the dose-response effects 242:266 the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction 242:388 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 5 47 theme calorie 1428:1434 arg1 restriction 1436:1446 calorie restriction 1428:1446 calorie restriction 1428:1446 Importantly, unlike 25PF, 25IN attenuated the reduction in energy expenditure associated with calorie restriction and decreased adiposity. 30005919 2 48 theme gut 549:551 arg1 microbiota 553:562 gut microbiota 549:562 gut microbiota 549:562 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 3 49 theme % 820:820 arg1 25CE 833:836 25CE 833:836 25CE 833:836 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 49 theme % 820:820 arg1 cellulose 822:830 25% cellulose 818:830 25% cellulose (25CE) 818:837 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 49 theme % 820:820 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 7 50 theme increased 1615:1623 arg1 intake 1633:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 increased caloric intake 1615:1638 Although 10IN and 25IN decreased caloric intake, and 25CE increased caloric intake, during training, all high-fiber diets were less preferred. 30005919 5 51 theme energy 1393:1398 arg1 expenditure 1400:1410 energy expenditure 1393:1410 energy expenditure associated with calorie restriction 1393:1446 Importantly, unlike 25PF, 25IN attenuated the reduction in energy expenditure associated with calorie restriction and decreased adiposity. 30005919 4 52 theme increased 1110:1118 arg1 butyryl-CoA 1120:1130 increased butyryl-CoA 1110:1130 Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase 1047:1154 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 53 dep quotient 964:971 arg1 abundance 1016:1024 the abundance 1012:1024 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 53 dep quotient 964:971 arg1 YY 1186:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 53 dep quotient 964:971 arg1 tolerance 991:999 improved glucose tolerance 974:999 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 53 dep quotient 964:971 arg1 cholecystokinin 1190:1204 cholecystokinin 1190:1204 cholecystokinin 1190:1204 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 53 dep quotient 964:971 arg1 transcripts 1222:1232 proglucagon transcripts 1210:1232 proglucagon transcripts 1210:1232 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 54 from transcripts 1222:1232 arg1 cecum 1241:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 the cecum 1237:1245 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 54 from transcripts 1222:1232 arg1 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 colon 1251:1255 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 1 55 theme prebiotic 165:173 arg1 fiber 175:179 a popular prebiotic fiber 155:179 a popular prebiotic fiber 155:179 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 1 55 theme prebiotic 165:173 arg1 Inulin 147:152 Inulin 147:152 Inulin 147:152 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 3 56 theme 25 799:800 arg1 % 801:801 % 801:801 % 801:801 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 1 57 dep satiety 211:217 arg1 loss 227:230 loss 227:230 loss 227:230 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 4 58 theme proglucagon 1210:1220 arg1 transcripts 1222:1232 proglucagon transcripts 1210:1232 proglucagon transcripts 1210:1232 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 0 59 theme male 136:139 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 3 60 dep control 733:739 arg1 CON 742:744 CON 742:744 CON 742:744 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 60 dep control 733:739 arg1 inulin 750:755 0% inulin 747:755 0% inulin 747:755 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 6 61 theme diet 1523:1526 arg1 preferences 1528:1538 diet preferences 1523:1538 diet preferences 1523:1538 In experiment 2, following four training periods, diet preferences were determined. 30005919 4 62 theme glucose 983:989 arg1 tolerance 991:999 improved glucose tolerance 974:999 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 63 theme upregulated 1166:1176 arg1 YY 1186:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 upregulated peptide YY 1166:1187 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 control 733:739 control 733:739 control (CON, 0% inulin) 733:756 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 inulin 784:789 10% inulin 780:789 10% inulin (10IN) 780:796 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 inulin 764:769 2.5% inulin 759:769 2.5% inulin (2.5IN) 759:777 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 inulin 803:808 25% inulin 799:808 25% inulin (25IN) 799:815 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 64 theme high-fat 711:718 arg1 cellulose 822:830 25% cellulose 818:830 25% cellulose (25CE) 818:837 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 1 65 theme calorie 370:376 arg1 restriction 378:388 calorie restriction 370:388 calorie restriction 370:388 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 4 66 theme Bacteroidetes 1029:1041 arg1 abundance 1016:1024 the abundance 1012:1024 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 7 67 theme caloric 1590:1596 arg1 intake 1598:1603 caloric intake 1590:1603 caloric intake 1590:1603 Although 10IN and 25IN decreased caloric intake, and 25CE increased caloric intake, during training, all high-fiber diets were less preferred. 30005919 2 68 theme energy 511:516 arg1 expenditure 518:528 energy expenditure 511:528 energy expenditure 511:528 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 0 69 from hormones 91:98 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 4 70 theme respiratory 952:962 arg1 quotient 964:971 respiratory quotient 952:971 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 0 71 from microbiota 79:88 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 2 72 theme inulin 473:478 arg1 concentrations 480:493 inulin concentrations 473:493 inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones 473:575 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 4 73 theme spp. 1063:1066 arg1 abundance 1016:1024 the abundance 1012:1024 respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; 952:1256 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 3 74 theme 0 747:747 arg1 % 748:748 % 748:748 % 748:748 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 0 75 theme diet 104:107 arg1 preference 109:118 diet preference 104:118 diet preference 104:118 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 0 76 from preference 109:118 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 0 77 from balance 47:53 arg1 rats 141:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 high-fat-fed male rats 123:144 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 2 78 theme reduced 636:642 arg1 preference 649:658 reduced diet preference 636:658 reduced diet preference 636:658 Therefore, we compared the effects of diets varying in inulin concentrations on food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, gut microbiota and hormones, and assessed whether inulin-induced hypophagia was due to reduced diet preference. 30005919 4 79 theme glucagon-like 1294:1306 arg1 concentrations 1318:1331 glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations 1294:1331 glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations 1294:1331 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 10IN 792:795 10IN 792:795 10IN 792:795 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 25CE 833:836 25CE 833:836 25CE 833:836 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 25IN 811:814 25IN 811:814 25IN 811:814 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 cellulose 822:830 25% cellulose 818:830 25% cellulose (25CE) 818:837 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 inulin 784:789 10% inulin 780:789 10% inulin (10IN) 780:796 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 pair-fed 842:849 pair-fed 842:849 pair-fed 842:849 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 inulin 764:769 2.5% inulin 759:769 2.5% inulin (2.5IN) 759:777 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 inulin 803:808 25% inulin 799:808 25% inulin (25IN) 799:815 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 2.5IN 772:776 2.5IN 772:776 2.5IN 772:776 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 80 dep groups 725:730 arg1 control 733:739 control 733:739 control (CON, 0% inulin) 733:756 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 81 theme 10 780:781 arg1 % 782:782 % 782:782 % 782:782 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 4 82 theme plasma 1272:1277 arg1 YY 1287:1288 plasma peptide YY 1272:1288 plasma peptide YY 1272:1288 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 0 83 theme glucose 56:62 arg1 tolerance 64:72 glucose tolerance 56:72 glucose tolerance 56:72 Inulin fiber dose-dependently modulates energy balance, glucose tolerance, gut microbiota, hormones and diet preference in high-fat-fed male rats. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 control 733:739 control 733:739 control (CON, 0% inulin) 733:756 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 inulin 784:789 10% inulin 780:789 10% inulin (10IN) 780:796 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 inulin 764:769 2.5% inulin 759:769 2.5% inulin (2.5IN) 759:777 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 inulin 803:808 25% inulin 799:808 25% inulin (25IN) 799:815 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 84 theme diet 720:723 arg1 cellulose 822:830 25% cellulose 818:830 25% cellulose (25CE) 818:837 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 4 85 theme decreased 1069:1077 arg1 clusters 1091:1098 decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV 1069:1107 clusters 1091:1098 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 1 86 theme energy 281:286 arg1 balance 288:294 energy balance 281:294 energy balance 281:294 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 3 87 theme % 801:801 arg1 inulin 803:808 25% inulin 799:808 25% inulin (25IN) 799:815 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 87 theme % 801:801 arg1 25IN 811:814 25IN 811:814 25IN 811:814 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 87 theme % 801:801 arg1 groups 725:730 six high-fat diet groups 707:730 six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days 707:876 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 3 88 theme 25 818:819 arg1 % 820:820 % 820:820 % 820:820 In experiment 1, male rats were randomized to six high-fat diet groups: control (CON, 0% inulin), 2.5% inulin (2.5IN), 10% inulin (10IN), 25% inulin (25IN), 25% cellulose (25CE) or pair-fed to 25IN (25PF) for 21 days. 30005919 1 89 dep effects 343:349 arg1 independent 355:365 independent 355:365 independent 355:365 Inulin, a popular prebiotic fiber, has been reported to promote satiety and fat loss; however, the dose-response effects of inulin on energy balance and diet preference, and whether the metabolic effects are independent of calorie restriction are not well characterized. 30005919 4 90 dep spp. 1063:1066 arg1 clusters 1091:1098 decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV 1069:1107 clusters 1091:1098 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 90 dep spp. 1063:1066 arg1 IV 1106:1107 IV 1106:1107 IV 1106:1107 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 90 dep spp. 1063:1066 arg1 butyryl-CoA 1120:1130 increased butyryl-CoA 1110:1130 Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase 1047:1154 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 30005919 4 90 dep spp. 1063:1066 arg1 CoA-transferase 1140:1154 acetate CoA-transferase 1132:1154 Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase 1047:1154 We demonstrate that inulin dose-dependently decreased caloric intake and respiratory quotient; improved glucose tolerance; increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp.; decreased Clostridium clusters I and IV; increased butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase in cecum; upregulated peptide YY, cholecystokinin and proglucagon transcripts in the cecum and colon; and increased plasma peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations. 31163964 1 0 used used 157:160 arg2 dressings 109:117 wound dressings 103:117 wound dressings of varying composition and effects 103:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 1 0 used used 157:160 arg2 variety 92:98 a wide variety 85:98 a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects 85:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 5 1 theme subsequent 751:760 arg1 evaluation 778:787 their subsequent physicochemical evaluation 745:787 their subsequent physicochemical evaluation 745:787 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 6 2 theme fibers 821:826 arg1 presence 794:801 The presence 790:801 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC 790:893 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 2 3 theme origin 336:341 arg1 a material 314:323 a material 314:323 a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties 314:380 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 6 4 theme wound 930:934 arg1 application 936:946 wound application 930:946 wound application 930:946 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 5 5 theme research 640:647 arg1 aim 628:630 the aim 624:630 the aim of this research 624:647 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 6 6 theme microfibrillar 806:819 arg1 fibers 821:826 microfibrillar fibers 806:826 microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose 806:874 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 2 7 theme sodium 273:278 arg1 NaCMC 304:308 NaCMC 304:308 NaCMC 304:308 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 2 7 theme sodium 273:278 arg1 carboxymethylcellulose 280:301 sodium carboxymethylcellulose 273:301 sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) 273:309 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 7 8 dep dexpanthenol 1065:1076 arg1 uniformity 1096:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 5 9 from NaCMC 683:687 arg1 films 664:668 films 664:668 films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol 664:705 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 5 10 theme solvent 714:720 arg1 method 734:739 the solvent evaporation method 710:739 the solvent evaporation method 710:739 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 1 11 theme dressings 109:117 arg1 variety 92:98 a wide variety 85:98 a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects 85:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 1 11 theme dressings 109:117 arg1 dressings 109:117 wound dressings 103:117 wound dressings of varying composition and effects 103:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 3 12 theme absorbent 431:439 arg1 dressings 441:449 absorbent dressings 431:449 absorbent dressings 431:449 Its application is particularly in the field of absorbent dressings, films for wounds from this material are not used in practice yet. 31163964 5 13 theme evaporation 722:732 arg1 method 734:739 the solvent evaporation method 710:739 the solvent evaporation method 710:739 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 6 14 theme optimal 907:913 arg1 parameters 915:924 optimal parameters 907:924 optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties 907:993 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 6 14 theme optimal 907:913 arg1 swelling 960:967 swelling 960:967 swelling 960:967 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 6 14 theme optimal 907:913 arg1 pH 956:957 pH 956:957 pH 956:957 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 6 14 theme optimal 907:913 arg1 properties 984:993 mechanical properties 973:993 mechanical properties 973:993 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 3 15 theme dressings 441:449 arg1 field 422:426 the field 418:426 the field of absorbent dressings 418:449 Its application is particularly in the field of absorbent dressings, films for wounds from this material are not used in practice yet. 31163964 0 16 theme wound 5:9 arg1 dressing 11:18 Film wound dressing 0:18 Film wound dressing 0:18 Film wound dressing containing dexpanthenol - preparation and evaluation. 31163964 1 17 theme a wide 85:90 arg1 variety 92:98 a wide variety 85:98 a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects 85:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 1 17 theme a wide 85:90 arg1 dressings 109:117 wound dressings 103:117 wound dressings of varying composition and effects 103:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 0 18 theme Film 0:3 arg1 dressing 11:18 Film wound dressing 0:18 Film wound dressing 0:18 Film wound dressing containing dexpanthenol - preparation and evaluation. 31163964 3 19 from material 479:486 arg1 films 452:456 films 452:456 films for wounds from this material 452:486 Its application is particularly in the field of absorbent dressings, films for wounds from this material are not used in practice yet. 31163964 6 20 theme carboxymethylcellulose 853:874 arg1 fibers 821:826 microfibrillar fibers 806:826 microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose 806:874 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 5 21 theme textile 675:681 arg1 NaCMC 683:687 textile NaCMC 675:687 textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol 675:705 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 2 22 with a material 314:323 arg1 properties 371:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 1 23 theme wound 103:107 arg1 dressings 109:117 wound dressings 103:117 wound dressings of varying composition and effects 103:152 Currently, a wide variety of wound dressings of varying composition and effects is used to treat wounds. 31163964 5 24 theme physicochemical 762:776 arg1 evaluation 778:787 their subsequent physicochemical evaluation 745:787 their subsequent physicochemical evaluation 745:787 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 6 25 theme mechanical 973:982 arg1 properties 984:993 mechanical properties 973:993 mechanical properties 973:993 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 7 26 theme content 1088:1094 arg1 uniformity 1096:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 5 27 with NaCMC 683:687 arg1 dexpanthenol 694:705 dexpanthenol 694:705 dexpanthenol 694:705 Therefore, the aim of this research was to prepare films from textile NaCMC with dexpanthenol by the solvent evaporation method and their subsequent physicochemical evaluation. 31163964 2 28 theme natural 328:334 arg1 origin 336:341 natural origin 328:341 natural origin 328:341 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 7 29 theme drug 1083:1086 arg1 uniformity 1096:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 drug content uniformity 1083:1105 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 2 30 theme film 198:201 arg1 dressings 203:211 film dressings 198:211 film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties 198:380 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 7 31 theme content 1031:1037 arg1 uniformity 1039:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 4 32 theme Hidden 518:523 arg1 potential 525:533 Hidden potential 518:533 Hidden potential 518:533 Hidden potential offers also dexpanthenol, a substance widely used in dermatological practice. 31163964 6 33 theme substituted 841:851 arg1 carboxymethylcellulose 853:874 partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose 831:874 partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose 831:874 The presence of microfibrillar fibers of partially substituted carboxymethylcellulose together with HCMC has ensured optimal parameters for wound application such as pH, swelling and mechanical properties. 31163964 3 34 used used 496:499 arg2 films 452:456 films 452:456 films for wounds from this material 452:486 Its application is particularly in the field of absorbent dressings, films for wounds from this material are not used in practice yet. 31163964 4 35 theme dermatological 588:601 arg1 practice 603:610 dermatological practice 588:610 dermatological practice 588:610 Hidden potential offers also dexpanthenol, a substance widely used in dermatological practice. 31163964 2 36 theme materials 240:248 arg1 one 219:221 one 219:221 one 219:221 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 2 36 theme materials 240:248 arg1 materials 240:248 the promising materials 226:248 the promising materials for its preparation 226:268 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 7 37 theme satisfactory 1013:1024 arg1 uniformity 1039:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 2 38 theme promising 230:238 arg1 materials 240:248 the promising materials 226:248 the promising materials for its preparation 226:268 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 7 39 theme mass 1026:1029 arg1 uniformity 1039:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 satisfactory mass content uniformity 1013:1048 The films showed satisfactory mass content uniformity and those with dexpanthenol also drug content uniformity. 31163964 2 40 theme film-forming 358:369 arg1 properties 371:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 31163964 2 41 theme excellent 348:356 arg1 properties 371:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 excellent film-forming properties 348:380 These include also film dressings where one of the promising materials for its preparation is sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) as a material of natural origin with excellent film-forming properties. 29424473 3 0 theme human 647:651 arg1 lines 682:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 5 1 theme 3- 828:829 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 3 2 theme SH-SY5Y 668:674 arg1 lines 682:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 0 3 theme graphene 63:70 arg1 oxide 72:76 graphene oxide 63:76 graphene oxide 63:76 Biocompatibility of composites based on chitosan, apatite, and graphene oxide for tissue applications. 29424473 4 4 from growth 714:719 arg1 composites 738:747 composites 738:747 composites 738:747 Cell growth and adherence on composites was also checked using SEM. 29424473 0 5 theme tissue 82:87 arg1 applications 89:100 tissue applications 82:100 tissue applications 82:100 Biocompatibility of composites based on chitosan, apatite, and graphene oxide for tissue applications. 29424473 8 6 theme films 1271:1275 arg1 surface 1277:1283 CHI/GO films surface 1264:1283 CHI/GO films surface 1264:1283 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 1 7 theme acidic 359:364 arg1 medium 366:371 acidic medium 359:371 acidic medium 359:371 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 5 8 theme 4-sulfophenyl 887:899 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 1 9 theme graphene 211:218 arg1 oxide 220:224 graphene oxide 211:224 graphene oxide (GO) 211:229 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 1 10 from reduction 333:341 arg1 medium 366:371 acidic medium 359:371 acidic medium 359:371 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 1 11 theme self-assembly 279:291 arg1 process 293:299 self-assembly process 279:299 self-assembly process 279:299 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 2 12 theme Raman 525:529 arg1 spectroscopy 531:542 Raman spectroscopy 525:542 Raman spectroscopy 525:542 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 9 13 theme tissues 1450:1456 arg1 applications 1458:1469 future tissues applications 1443:1469 future tissues applications 1443:1469 This study confirms the biocompatibility of materials based on CHI, Ap, and GO for future tissues applications. 29424473 2 14 theme scanning 448:455 arg1 SEM 478:480 SEM 478:480 SEM 478:480 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 2 14 theme scanning 448:455 arg1 microscopy 466:475 scanning electron microscopy 448:475 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 448:481 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 1 15 dep in 252:253 arg1 situ 255:258 situ 255:258 situ 255:258 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 5 16 theme death 786:790 arg1 staining 792:799 Live and death staining 777:799 Live and death staining by confocal microscope 777:822 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 3 17 theme neuroblastoma 653:665 arg1 lines 682:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 4 18 theme Cell 709:712 arg1 growth 714:719 Cell growth 709:719 Cell growth 709:719 Cell growth and adherence on composites was also checked using SEM. 29424473 6 19 theme GO 1006:1007 arg1 incorporation 977:989 the incorporation 973:989 the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets 973:1014 The results confirmed the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets, into CHI polymeric matrix. 29424473 7 20 theme strong 1138:1143 arg1 interaction 1154:1164 strong chemical interaction 1138:1164 strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO 1138:1183 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 2 21 theme photoelectron 555:567 arg1 spectroscopy 569:580 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 549:580 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 549:580 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 8 22 from adherence 1251:1259 arg1 surface 1277:1283 CHI/GO films surface 1264:1283 CHI/GO films surface 1264:1283 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 5 23 theme 3-carboxymethoxyphenyl 860:881 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 7 24 theme inorganic 1105:1113 arg1 Ap 1115:1116 inorganic Ap 1105:1116 inorganic Ap 1105:1116 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 8 25 theme preferential 1238:1249 arg1 adherence 1251:1259 preferential adherence 1238:1259 preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface 1238:1283 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 2 26 theme X-ray 549:553 arg1 spectroscopy 569:580 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 549:580 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 549:580 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 6 27 dep Ap 999:1000 arg1 sheets 1009:1014 sheets 1009:1014 sheets 1009:1014 The results confirmed the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets, into CHI polymeric matrix. 29424473 5 28 theme confocal 804:811 arg1 microscope 813:822 confocal microscope 804:822 confocal microscope 804:822 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 7 29 theme physical 1076:1083 arg1 integration 1085:1095 a physical integration 1074:1095 a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI 1074:1132 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 11 30 dep 106A 1530:1533 arg1 1585-1594 1536:1544 1585-1594 1536:1544 1585-1594 1536:1544 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 29424473 1 31 dep three-dimensional 135:151 arg1 3D 154:155 3D 154:155 3D 154:155 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 11 32 dep Res 1518:1520 arg1 106A 1530:1533 106A 1530:1533 106A 1530:1533 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 29424473 11 32 dep Res 1518:1520 arg1 A 1527:1527 Part A 1522:1527 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 1503:1551 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 29424473 0 33 theme composites 20:29 arg1 Biocompatibility 0:15 Biocompatibility 0:15 Biocompatibility of composites 0:29 Biocompatibility of composites based on chitosan, apatite, and graphene oxide for tissue applications. 29424473 3 34 theme cell 677:680 arg1 lines 682:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 647:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 10 35 dep © 1472:1472 arg1 Inc. 1498:1501 Inc. 1498:1501 Inc. 1498:1501 © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 29424473 3 36 theme biological 592:601 arg1 studies 603:609 In vitro biological studies 583:609 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 583:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 3 37 theme In 583:584 arg1 studies 603:609 In vitro biological studies 583:609 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines 583:686 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 6 38 theme polymeric 1026:1034 arg1 matrix 1036:1041 CHI polymeric matrix 1022:1041 CHI polymeric matrix 1022:1041 The results confirmed the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets, into CHI polymeric matrix. 29424473 9 39 theme materials 1404:1412 arg1 biocompatibility 1384:1399 the biocompatibility 1380:1399 the biocompatibility of materials based on CHI, Ap, and GO for future tissues applications 1380:1469 This study confirms the biocompatibility of materials based on CHI, Ap, and GO for future tissues applications. 29424473 8 40 theme good 1319:1322 arg1 compatibility 1324:1336 a good compatibility 1317:1336 a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds 1317:1357 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 6 41 theme Ap 999:1000 arg1 incorporation 977:989 the incorporation 973:989 the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets 973:1014 The results confirmed the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets, into CHI polymeric matrix. 29424473 5 42 theme Live 777:780 arg1 staining 792:799 Live and death staining 777:799 Live and death staining by confocal microscope 777:822 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 1 43 theme partial 325:331 arg1 reduction 333:341 partial reduction 325:341 partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium 325:371 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 8 44 theme SH-SY5Y 1213:1219 arg1 line 1226:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line 1213:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line 1213:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 7 45 theme organic 1122:1128 arg1 CHI 1130:1132 organic CHI 1122:1132 organic CHI 1122:1132 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 8 46 theme cell 1297:1300 arg1 line 1302:1305 MC3T3 cell line 1291:1305 MC3T3 cell line 1291:1305 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 8 47 theme MC3T3 1291:1295 arg1 line 1302:1305 MC3T3 cell line 1291:1305 MC3T3 cell line 1291:1305 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 1 48 theme Novel 103:107 arg1 films 125:129 Novel two-dimensional films 103:129 Novel two-dimensional films 103:129 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 2 49 theme Physical-chemical 374:390 arg1 characterization 392:407 Physical-chemical characterization 374:407 Physical-chemical characterization 374:407 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 9 50 theme future 1443:1448 arg1 applications 1458:1469 future tissues applications 1443:1469 future tissues applications 1443:1469 This study confirms the biocompatibility of materials based on CHI, Ap, and GO for future tissues applications. 29424473 1 51 dep oxide 220:224 arg1 GO 227:228 GO 227:228 GO 227:228 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 7 52 theme obtained 1192:1199 arg1 composites 1201:1210 the obtained composites 1188:1210 the obtained composites 1188:1210 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 1 53 theme two-dimensional 109:123 arg1 films 125:129 Novel two-dimensional films 103:129 Novel two-dimensional films 103:129 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 1 54 theme in 252:253 arg1 synthesis 260:268 an in situ synthesis 249:268 an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium 249:371 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 2 55 theme infrared 502:509 arg1 spectroscopy 511:522 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 484:522 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 484:522 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 1 56 theme GO 346:347 arg1 reduction 333:341 partial reduction 325:341 partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium 325:371 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 8 57 theme 3D 1346:1347 arg1 scaffolds 1349:1357 all 3D scaffolds 1342:1357 all 3D scaffolds 1342:1357 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 5 58 theme -5- 856:858 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 5 59 theme -2- 883:885 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 3 60 dep In 583:584 arg1 vitro 586:590 vitro 586:590 vitro 586:590 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 2 61 theme Fourier-transform 484:500 arg1 spectroscopy 511:522 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 484:522 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 484:522 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 5 62 theme samples 924:930 arg1 staining 792:799 Live and death staining 777:799 Live and death staining by confocal microscope 777:822 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 5 62 theme samples 924:930 arg1 -2H-tetrazolium 901:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium 828:915 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples 828:930 Live and death staining by confocal microscope and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium of the samples were investigated. 29424473 11 63 theme Part 1522:1525 arg1 A 1527:1527 Part A 1522:1527 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 1503:1551 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1585-1594, 2018. 29424473 8 64 theme cell 1221:1224 arg1 line 1226:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line 1213:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line 1213:1229 SH-SY5Y cell line showed preferential adherence on CHI/GO films surface while MC3T3 cell line displayed a good compatibility for all 3D scaffolds. 29424473 7 65 theme chemical 1145:1152 arg1 interaction 1154:1164 strong chemical interaction 1138:1164 strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO 1138:1183 Furthermore, it was confirmed a physical integration between inorganic Ap and organic CHI and strong chemical interaction between CHI and GO in the obtained composites. 29424473 3 66 theme murine 617:622 arg1 MC3T3 636:640 MC3T3 636:640 MC3T3 636:640 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 3 66 theme murine 617:622 arg1 fibroblast 624:633 murine fibroblast 617:633 murine fibroblast (MC3T3) 617:641 In vitro biological studies using murine fibroblast (MC3T3) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were also performed. 29424473 1 67 theme three-dimensional 135:151 arg1 scaffolds 158:166 three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds 135:166 three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds 135:166 Novel two-dimensional films and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), apatite (Ap), and graphene oxide (GO) were developed by an in situ synthesis in which self-assembly process was conducted to direct partial reduction of GO by CHI in acidic medium. 29424473 2 68 theme optical 428:434 arg1 microscopy 436:445 optical microscopy 428:445 optical microscopy 428:445 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 4 69 from adherence 725:733 arg1 composites 738:747 composites 738:747 composites 738:747 Cell growth and adherence on composites was also checked using SEM. 29424473 6 70 theme CHI 1022:1024 arg1 matrix 1036:1041 CHI polymeric matrix 1022:1041 CHI polymeric matrix 1022:1041 The results confirmed the incorporation of both Ap and GO sheets, into CHI polymeric matrix. 29424473 2 71 theme electron 457:464 arg1 SEM 478:480 SEM 478:480 SEM 478:480 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 29424473 2 71 theme electron 457:464 arg1 microscopy 466:475 scanning electron microscopy 448:475 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 448:481 Physical-chemical characterization was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. 31671710 2 0 theme plant 354:358 arg1 growth 360:365 plant growth 354:365 plant growth 354:365 Gellan gum derivatives may enhance plant growth and development, but have never been used under stress conditions. 31671710 5 1 from effects 690:696 arg1 quality 754:760 quality 754:760 quality 754:760 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 5 1 from effects 690:696 arg1 yield 744:748 yield 744:748 yield 744:748 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 2 2 theme Gellan 319:324 arg1 derivatives 330:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives may enhance plant growth and development, but have never been used under stress conditions. 31671710 13 3 dep perilla 2065:2071 arg1 leaves 2073:2078 leaves 2073:2078 leaves 2073:2078 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 7 4 theme control 1041:1047 arg1 plants 1049:1054 control plants 1041:1054 control plants 1041:1054 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 3 5 theme cosmetic 534:541 arg1 industries 553:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 9 6 theme saline 1375:1380 arg1 conditions 1382:1391 saline conditions 1375:1391 saline conditions 1375:1391 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 8 7 theme plant 1124:1128 arg1 growth 1130:1135 plant growth 1124:1135 plant growth 1124:1135 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 8 8 theme parts 1186:1190 arg1 content 1158:1164 the fresh weight content 1141:1164 the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts 1141:1190 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 8 8 theme parts 1186:1190 arg1 growth 1130:1135 plant growth 1124:1135 plant growth 1124:1135 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 3 9 theme pharmaceutical 518:531 arg1 industries 553:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 11 10 theme 50 1771:1772 arg1 % 1773:1773 % 1773:1773 % 1773:1773 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 1 11 theme market 183:188 arg1 demand 190:195 The growing market demand 171:195 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value 171:250 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 8 12 theme fresh 1145:1149 arg1 content 1158:1164 the fresh weight content 1141:1164 the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts 1141:1190 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 11 13 theme treatment 1760:1768 arg1 Irrespective 1727:1738 Irrespective 1727:1738 Irrespective 1727:1738 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 0 14 theme Antioxidant 107:117 arg1 Capacity 119:126 Antioxidant Capacity 107:126 Antioxidant Capacity 107:126 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 3 15 theme valuable 489:496 arg1 bioproducts 498:508 valuable bioproducts 489:508 valuable bioproducts 489:508 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 8 16 theme nitrogen 1222:1229 arg1 accumulation 1206:1217 the accumulation 1202:1217 the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols 1202:1273 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 10 17 theme mM 1577:1578 arg1 NaCl 1580:1583 100 mM NaCl 1573:1583 100 mM NaCl 1573:1583 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 13 18 theme salt 2131:2134 arg1 stress 2136:2141 salt stress 2131:2141 salt stress 2131:2141 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 13 19 theme negative 2111:2118 arg1 effects 2120:2126 the negative effects 2107:2126 the negative effects of salt stress 2107:2141 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 1 20 theme raw 207:209 arg1 materials 211:219 plant raw materials 201:219 plant raw materials 201:219 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 10 21 contain had 1667:1669 arg2 activity 1691:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 10 21 contain had 1667:1669 arg1 plants 1517:1522 plants 1517:1522 plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl 1517:1583 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 0 22 from Growth 53:58 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 2 23 used used 404:407 arg2 derivatives 330:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives may enhance plant growth and development, but have never been used under stress conditions. 31671710 8 24 theme potassium 1232:1240 arg1 accumulation 1206:1217 the accumulation 1202:1217 the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols 1202:1273 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 13 25 theme perilla 2065:2071 arg1 quality 2050:2056 the quality 2046:2056 the quality of red perilla leaves 2046:2078 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 0 26 from Composition 94:104 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 8 27 theme magnesium 1243:1251 arg1 accumulation 1206:1217 the accumulation 1202:1217 the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols 1202:1273 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 7 28 theme total 954:958 arg1 polyphenol 960:969 total polyphenol 954:969 total polyphenol 954:969 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 9 29 theme biomass 1455:1461 arg1 macronutrients 1464:1477 macronutrients 1464:1477 macronutrients 1464:1477 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 8 30 theme total 1257:1261 arg1 polyphenols 1263:1273 total polyphenols 1257:1273 total polyphenols 1257:1273 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 7 31 dep their 893:897 arg1 leaves 899:904 leaves 899:904 leaves 899:904 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 5 32 theme red 765:767 arg1 perilla 769:775 red perilla 765:775 red perilla (P. frutescens var 765:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 9 33 theme macronutrients 1464:1477 arg1 loss 1447:1450 the loss 1443:1450 the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols 1443:1500 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 0 34 theme Red 158:160 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 35 theme Photosynthetic 61:74 arg1 Pigments 76:83 Photosynthetic Pigments 61:83 Photosynthetic Pigments 61:83 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 36 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Growth 53:58 Growth 53:58 Growth 53:58 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 36 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Pigments 76:83 Photosynthetic Pigments 61:83 Photosynthetic Pigments 61:83 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 36 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Composition 94:104 Mineral Composition 86:104 Mineral Composition 86:104 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 36 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Capacity 119:126 Antioxidant Capacity 107:126 Antioxidant Capacity 107:126 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 36 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Activity 146:153 Antimicrobial Activity 132:153 Antimicrobial Activity 132:153 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 5 37 theme oligo-gellan 701:712 arg1 effects 690:696 the effects 686:696 the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var 686:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 13 38 theme plant 2020:2024 arg1 growth 2026:2031 plant growth 2020:2031 plant growth 2020:2031 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 12 39 theme 25 1906:1907 arg1 % 1908:1908 % 1908:1908 % 1908:1908 Both microorganisms were the least affected by 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan. 31671710 7 40 theme smaller 876:882 arg1 growth 868:873 inhibited growth 858:873 inhibited growth 858:873 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 7 40 theme smaller 876:882 arg1 biomass 884:890 smaller biomass 876:890 smaller biomass 876:890 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 9 41 theme polyphenols 1490:1500 arg1 loss 1447:1450 the loss 1443:1450 the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols 1443:1500 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 8 42 with Treatment 1057:1065 arg1 oligo-gellan 1072:1083 oligo-gellan 1072:1083 oligo-gellan 1072:1083 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 5 43 theme salt 718:721 arg1 effects 690:696 the effects 686:696 the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var 686:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 2 44 theme stress 415:420 arg1 conditions 422:431 stress conditions 415:431 stress conditions 415:431 Gellan gum derivatives may enhance plant growth and development, but have never been used under stress conditions. 31671710 0 45 theme Gellan 11:16 arg1 Oligosaccharide 18:32 Gellan Oligosaccharide 11:32 Gellan Oligosaccharide 11:32 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 1 46 theme new 286:288 arg1 elicitors 290:298 new elicitors 286:298 new elicitors 286:298 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 8 47 theme ABTS 1335:1338 arg1 assays 1340:1345 ABTS assays 1335:1345 ABTS assays 1335:1345 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 10 48 theme greater 1619:1625 arg1 amounts 1627:1633 greater amounts 1619:1633 greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments 1619:1660 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 10 48 theme greater 1619:1625 arg1 pigments 1653:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 11 49 theme coli 1827:1830 arg1 growth 1805:1810 growth 1805:1810 growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus 1805:1856 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 0 50 theme Stress 43:48 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 0:169 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 10 51 theme pigments 1653:1660 arg1 amounts 1627:1633 greater amounts 1619:1633 greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments 1619:1660 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 10 51 theme pigments 1653:1660 arg1 pigments 1653:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 5 52 dep perilla 769:775 arg1 var 792:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 3 53 theme bioproducts 498:508 arg1 Perilla 434:440 Perilla 434:440 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) 434:472 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 3 53 theme bioproducts 498:508 arg1 source 479:484 a source 477:484 a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 477:562 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 8 54 theme above-ground 1173:1184 arg1 parts 1186:1190 the above-ground parts 1169:1190 the above-ground parts 1169:1190 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 1 55 theme improved 226:233 arg1 value 246:250 improved biological value 226:250 improved biological value 226:250 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 10 56 theme greater 1671:1677 arg1 activity 1691:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 13 57 theme stress 2136:2141 arg1 effects 2120:2126 the negative effects 2107:2126 the negative effects of salt stress 2107:2141 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 8 58 theme non-saline 1091:1100 arg1 conditions 1102:1111 non-saline conditions 1091:1111 non-saline conditions 1091:1111 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 0 59 from Activity 146:153 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 7 60 theme more 1024:1027 arg1 sodium 1029:1034 considerably more sodium 1011:1034 considerably more sodium than control plants 1011:1054 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 10 61 theme NaCl-stressed 1705:1717 arg1 plants 1719:1724 NaCl-stressed plants 1705:1724 NaCl-stressed plants 1705:1724 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 5 62 dep yield 744:748 arg1 the 740:742 the 740:742 the 740:742 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 4 63 theme biostimulators 618:631 arg1 use 611:613 the use 607:613 the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation 607:654 However, there is not much information on the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation. 31671710 3 64 theme food 548:551 arg1 industries 553:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries 514:562 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 1 65 theme growing 175:181 arg1 demand 190:195 The growing market demand 171:195 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value 171:250 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 12 66 theme untreated 1939:1947 arg1 plants 1932:1937 plants 1932:1937 plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan 1932:1980 Both microorganisms were the least affected by 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan. 31671710 4 67 theme perilla 636:642 arg1 cultivation 644:654 perilla cultivation 636:654 perilla cultivation 636:654 However, there is not much information on the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation. 31671710 11 68 theme % 1773:1773 arg1 extract 1775:1781 50% extract 1771:1781 50% extract 1771:1781 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 10 69 dep plants 1517:1522 arg1 exposed 1562:1568 exposed 1562:1568 then exposed to 100 mM NaCl 1557:1583 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 10 69 dep plants 1517:1522 arg1 pretreated 1524:1533 pretreated 1524:1533 pretreated with oligo-gellan 1524:1551 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 4 70 from use 611:613 arg1 cultivation 644:654 perilla cultivation 636:654 perilla cultivation 636:654 However, there is not much information on the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation. 31671710 9 71 theme stress 1416:1421 arg1 effects 1423:1429 the stress effects 1412:1429 the stress effects 1412:1429 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 0 72 from Pigments 76:83 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 7 73 theme total 975:979 arg1 anthocyanins 981:992 total anthocyanins 975:992 total anthocyanins 975:992 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 5 74 theme P. 778:779 arg1 var 792:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 8 75 theme weight 1151:1156 arg1 content 1158:1164 the fresh weight content 1141:1164 the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts 1141:1190 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 10 76 theme 100 1573:1575 arg1 mM 1577:1578 mM 1577:1578 mM 1577:1578 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 13 77 theme red 2061:2063 arg1 perilla 2065:2071 red perilla leaves 2061:2078 red perilla leaves 2061:2078 In conclusion, oligo-gellan promoted plant growth and enhanced the quality of red perilla leaves and efficiently alleviated the negative effects of salt stress. 31671710 1 78 theme extensive 265:273 arg1 search 275:280 the extensive search 261:280 the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants 261:316 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 4 79 from information 592:602 arg1 use 611:613 the use 607:613 the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation 607:654 However, there is not much information on the use of biostimulators in perilla cultivation. 31671710 5 80 theme perilla 769:775 arg1 quality 754:760 quality 754:760 quality 754:760 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 5 80 theme perilla 769:775 arg1 yield 744:748 yield 744:748 yield 744:748 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 7 81 dep showed 851:856 arg1 accumulated 999:1009 accumulated 999:1009 accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants 999:1054 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 7 81 dep showed 851:856 arg1 contained 906:914 contained 906:914 contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins 906:992 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 5 82 theme mM 728:729 arg1 salt 718:721 salt 718:721 salt (100 mM NaCl) 718:735 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 5 82 theme mM 728:729 arg1 NaCl 731:734 100 mM NaCl 724:734 100 mM NaCl 724:734 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 11 83 theme aureus 1851:1856 arg1 growth 1805:1810 growth 1805:1810 growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus 1805:1856 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 8 84 theme polyphenols 1263:1273 arg1 accumulation 1206:1217 the accumulation 1202:1217 the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols 1202:1273 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 11 85 theme experimental 1747:1758 arg1 treatment 1760:1768 the experimental treatment 1743:1768 the experimental treatment 1743:1768 Irrespective of the experimental treatment, 50% extract effectively inhibited growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31671710 0 86 theme Mineral 86:92 arg1 Composition 94:104 Mineral Composition 86:104 Mineral Composition 86:104 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 12 87 with untreated 1939:1947 arg1 oligo-gellan 1969:1980 oligo-gellan 1969:1980 oligo-gellan 1969:1980 Both microorganisms were the least affected by 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan. 31671710 12 87 with untreated 1939:1947 arg1 NaCl 1961:1964 NaCl 1961:1964 NaCl 1961:1964 Both microorganisms were the least affected by 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan. 31671710 12 88 theme % 1908:1908 arg1 extract 1910:1916 25% extract 1906:1916 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan 1906:1980 Both microorganisms were the least affected by 25% extract obtained from plants untreated with either NaCl or oligo-gellan. 31671710 9 89 theme total 1484:1488 arg1 polyphenols 1490:1500 total polyphenols 1484:1500 total polyphenols 1484:1500 Oligo-gellan applied under saline conditions clearly alleviated the stress effects by limiting the loss of biomass, macronutrients, and total polyphenols. 31671710 2 90 theme gum 326:328 arg1 derivatives 330:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives 319:340 Gellan gum derivatives may enhance plant growth and development, but have never been used under stress conditions. 31671710 8 91 theme antioxidant 1290:1300 arg1 activity 1302:1309 antioxidant activity 1290:1309 antioxidant activity 1290:1309 Treatment with oligo-gellan under non-saline conditions stimulated plant growth and the fresh weight content of the above-ground parts, enhanced the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and total polyphenols, and increased antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. 31671710 0 92 theme Antimicrobial 132:144 arg1 Activity 146:153 Antimicrobial Activity 132:153 Antimicrobial Activity 132:153 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 0 93 theme Oligosaccharide 18:32 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 0:169 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 7 94 theme inhibited 858:866 arg1 growth 868:873 inhibited growth 858:873 inhibited growth 858:873 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 7 94 theme inhibited 858:866 arg1 biomass 884:890 smaller biomass 876:890 smaller biomass 876:890 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 7 94 theme inhibited 858:866 arg1 their 893:897 their 893:897 their 893:897 Plants grown under stress showed inhibited growth, smaller biomass, their leaves contained less nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total polyphenol and total anthocyanins, and accumulated considerably more sodium than control plants. 31671710 0 95 theme NaCl 38:41 arg1 Stress 43:48 NaCl Stress 38:48 NaCl Stress 38:48 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 1 96 with demand 190:195 arg1 value 246:250 improved biological value 226:250 improved biological value 226:250 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 1 97 theme plant 201:205 arg1 materials 211:219 plant raw materials 201:219 plant raw materials 201:219 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 31671710 3 98 dep Perilla 434:440 arg1 Perilla 443:449 Perilla 443:449 Perilla 443:449 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 3 98 dep Perilla 434:440 arg1 Lamiaceae 463:471 Lamiaceae 463:471 Lamiaceae 463:471 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 3 99 dep Perilla 443:449 arg1 frutescens 451:460 Perilla frutescens 443:460 Perilla frutescens 443:460 Perilla (Perilla frutescens, Lamiaceae) is a source of valuable bioproducts for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 31671710 10 100 theme photosynthetic 1638:1651 arg1 pigments 1653:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 photosynthetic pigments 1638:1660 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 5 101 theme frutescens 781:790 arg1 var 792:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 P. frutescens var 778:794 In this work we investigated the effects of oligo-gellan and salt (100 mM NaCl) on the yield and quality of red perilla (P. frutescens var. 31671710 0 102 from Capacity 119:126 arg1 Perilla 162:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Red Perilla 158:168 Effects of Gellan Oligosaccharide and NaCl Stress on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Mineral Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antimicrobial Activity in Red Perilla. 31671710 10 103 theme antioxidant 1679:1689 arg1 activity 1691:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 greater antioxidant activity 1671:1698 Additionally, plants pretreated with oligo-gellan and then exposed to 100 mM NaCl accumulated less sodium, produced greater amounts of photosynthetic pigments, and had greater antioxidant activity than NaCl-stressed plants. 31671710 1 104 theme biological 235:244 arg1 value 246:250 improved biological value 226:250 improved biological value 226:250 The growing market demand for plant raw materials with improved biological value promotes the extensive search for new elicitors and biostimulants. 30747297 10 0 theme CS-PCA 1379:1384 arg1 biocomposites 1386:1398 CS-PCA biocomposites 1379:1398 CS-PCA biocomposites 1379:1398 CS-PCA biocomposites reduced the spores' viability by up to 58%. 30747297 1 1 theme chitosan 163:170 arg1 biomaterials 177:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 6 2 theme fluorescence 1002:1013 arg1 microscopy 1015:1024 fluorescence microscopy 1002:1024 fluorescence microscopy 1002:1024 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 2 3 theme bioactive 481:489 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 3 theme bioactive 481:489 arg1 compound 491:498 the main bioactive compound 472:498 the main bioactive compound in the biological control 472:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 6 4 theme morphometric 915:926 arg1 analysis 928:935 morphometric analysis 915:935 morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae 915:956 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 9 5 theme new 1216:1218 arg1 signal 1220:1225 A new signal 1214:1225 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite 1214:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 9 6 theme biocomposite 1276:1287 arg1 spectrum 1253:1260 the FT-IR spectrum 1243:1260 the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite 1243:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 6 7 theme viability 879:887 arg1 assay 889:893 viability assay 879:893 viability assay 879:893 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 0 8 theme activity 109:116 arg1 assessment 78:87 assessment 78:87 assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger 78:142 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 0 8 theme activity 109:116 arg1 acid 69:72 pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 48:72 pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 48:72 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 9 9 theme PCA 1330:1332 arg1 presence 1318:1325 the presence 1314:1325 the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem 1314:1376 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 12 10 theme wall 1680:1683 arg1 damage 1685:1690 membrane and cell wall damage 1662:1690 damage 1685:1690 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 6 11 theme components 988:997 arg1 analysis 967:974 the analysis 963:974 the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy 963:1024 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 11 theme components 988:997 arg1 assay 889:893 viability assay 879:893 viability assay 879:893 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 11 theme components 988:997 arg1 germination 902:912 spore germination 896:912 spore germination 896:912 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 11 theme components 988:997 arg1 analysis 928:935 morphometric analysis 915:935 morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae 915:956 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 0 12 theme antifungal 98:107 arg1 activity 109:116 their antifungal activity 92:116 their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger 92:142 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 6 13 theme cellular 979:986 arg1 components 988:997 cellular components 979:997 cellular components 979:997 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 13 14 theme CS-resistant 1754:1765 arg1 niger 1785:1789 niger 1785:1789 niger 1785:1789 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, opens a door for the control of CS-sensitive fungi. 30747297 13 14 theme CS-resistant 1754:1765 arg1 fungi 1767:1771 CS-resistant fungi 1754:1771 CS-resistant fungi 1754:1771 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, opens a door for the control of CS-sensitive fungi. 30747297 9 15 attach presence 1318:1325 arg1 composition 1341:1351 the composition 1337:1351 the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem 1337:1376 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 9 15 attach presence 1318:1325 arg2 PCA 1330:1332 PCA 1330:1332 PCA 1330:1332 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 1 16 theme CS 270:271 arg1 activity 258:265 the activity 254:265 the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi 254:301 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 0 17 theme Aspergillus 126:136 arg1 niger 138:142 Aspergillus niger 126:142 Aspergillus niger 126:142 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 4 18 theme biological 688:697 arg1 activity 699:706 the biological activity 684:706 the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger 684:767 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 4 19 theme biocomposites 718:730 arg1 activity 699:706 the biological activity 684:706 the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger 684:767 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 4 20 theme niger 763:767 arg1 control 740:746 the control 736:746 the control of Aspergillus niger 736:767 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 4 21 theme research 654:661 arg1 work 663:666 the present research work 642:666 the present research work 642:666 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 13 22 theme CS-sensitive 1824:1835 arg1 fungi 1837:1841 CS-sensitive fungi 1824:1841 CS-sensitive fungi 1824:1841 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, opens a door for the control of CS-sensitive fungi. 30747297 2 23 theme biological 507:516 arg1 control 518:524 the biological control 503:524 the biological control 503:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 4 24 theme Aspergillus 751:761 arg1 niger 763:767 Aspergillus niger 751:767 Aspergillus niger 751:767 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 12 25 theme membrane 1662:1669 arg1 damage 1685:1690 membrane and cell wall damage 1662:1690 damage 1685:1690 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 13 26 theme inhibitory 1728:1737 arg1 effect 1739:1744 The inhibitory effect 1724:1744 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, 1724:1790 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, opens a door for the control of CS-sensitive fungi. 30747297 12 27 theme growth 1709:1714 arg1 stages 1716:1721 early growth stages 1703:1721 early growth stages 1703:1721 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 2 28 theme antimicrobial 318:330 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 28 theme antimicrobial 318:330 arg1 activity 332:339 the antimicrobial activity 314:339 the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) 314:377 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 6 29 theme spore 896:900 arg1 germination 902:912 spore germination 896:912 spore germination 896:912 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 1 30 theme biomaterials 177:188 arg1 biomaterials 177:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 1 30 theme biomaterials 177:188 arg1 variety 152:158 A wide variety 145:158 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials 145:188 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 9 31 theme CS-PCA 1360:1365 arg1 nanosystem 1367:1376 the CS-PCA nanosystem 1356:1376 the CS-PCA nanosystem 1356:1376 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 6 32 theme In 832:833 arg1 activity 852:859 In vitro antifungal activity 832:859 In vitro antifungal activity 832:859 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 9 33 theme FT-IR 1247:1251 arg1 spectrum 1253:1260 the FT-IR spectrum 1243:1260 the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite 1243:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 4 34 theme CS-PCA 711:716 arg1 biocomposites 718:730 CS-PCA biocomposites 711:730 CS-PCA biocomposites 711:730 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 12 35 theme Fluorescence 1612:1623 arg1 analysis 1625:1632 Fluorescence analysis 1612:1632 Fluorescence analysis 1612:1632 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 4 36 theme present 646:652 arg1 work 663:666 the present research work 642:666 the present research work 642:666 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 1 37 theme phytopathogenic 281:295 arg1 fungi 297:301 phytopathogenic fungi 281:301 phytopathogenic fungi 281:301 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 8 38 with biocomposites 1164:1176 arg1 shape 1207:1211 an apparently spherical shape 1183:1211 an apparently spherical shape 1183:1211 Micrographs demonstrated well-distributed biocomposites with an apparently spherical shape. 30747297 13 39 theme fungi 1837:1841 arg1 control 1813:1819 the control 1809:1819 the control of CS-sensitive fungi 1809:1841 The inhibitory effect against CS-resistant fungi, such as A. niger, opens a door for the control of CS-sensitive fungi. 30747297 2 40 theme Streptomyces 426:437 arg1 griseus 439:445 Streptomyces griseus 426:445 Streptomyces griseus 426:445 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 41 theme griseus 439:445 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 41 theme griseus 439:445 arg1 activity 332:339 the antimicrobial activity 314:339 the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) 314:377 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 41 theme griseus 439:445 arg1 compound 491:498 the main bioactive compound 472:498 the main bioactive compound in the biological control 472:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 9 42 theme nanosystem 1367:1376 arg1 composition 1341:1351 the composition 1337:1351 the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem 1337:1376 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 7 43 theme 502 ± 72 nm 1076:1086 arg1 size 1052:1055 an average size 1041:1055 an average size 1041:1055 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 7 43 theme 502 ± 72 nm 1076:1086 arg1 potential 1063:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 2 44 from compound 491:498 arg1 control 518:524 the biological control 503:524 the biological control 503:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 9 45 from signal 1220:1225 arg1 spectrum 1253:1260 the FT-IR spectrum 1243:1260 the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite 1243:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 11 46 from increase 1560:1567 arg1 branching 1576:1584 the branching 1572:1584 the branching of hyphae 1572:1594 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 46 from increase 1560:1567 arg1 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 46 from increase 1560:1567 arg1 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 46 from increase 1560:1567 arg1 diameter 1521:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 2 47 theme main 476:479 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 47 theme main 476:479 arg1 compound 491:498 the main bioactive compound 472:498 the main bioactive compound in the biological control 472:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 11 48 theme fungi 1455:1459 arg1 morphometry 1461:1471 fungi morphometry 1455:1471 fungi morphometry 1455:1471 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 7 49 theme Z 1061:1061 arg1 potential 1063:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 3 50 theme filamentous 586:596 arg1 fungi 598:602 filamentous fungi 586:602 filamentous fungi 586:602 However, it is sensitive to light and its activity against filamentous fungi has not yet been reported. 30747297 5 51 theme CS-PCA 770:775 arg1 biocomposites 777:789 CS-PCA biocomposites 770:789 CS-PCA biocomposites 770:789 CS-PCA biocomposites were obtained through nanoprecipitation. 30747297 9 52 theme CS-PCA 1269:1274 arg1 biocomposite 1276:1287 the CS-PCA biocomposite 1265:1287 the CS-PCA biocomposite 1265:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 12 53 theme oxidative 1641:1649 arg1 stress 1651:1656 oxidative stress 1641:1656 oxidative stress 1641:1656 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 2 54 theme secondary 402:410 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 54 theme secondary 402:410 arg1 activity 332:339 the antimicrobial activity 314:339 the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) 314:377 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 54 theme secondary 402:410 arg1 compound 491:498 the main bioactive compound 472:498 the main bioactive compound in the biological control 472:524 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 6 55 theme hyphae 951:956 arg1 analysis 967:974 the analysis 963:974 the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy 963:1024 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 55 theme hyphae 951:956 arg1 assay 889:893 viability assay 879:893 viability assay 879:893 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 55 theme hyphae 951:956 arg1 germination 902:912 spore germination 896:912 spore germination 896:912 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 55 theme hyphae 951:956 arg1 analysis 928:935 morphometric analysis 915:935 morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae 915:956 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 56 dep In 832:833 arg1 vitro 835:839 vitro 835:839 vitro 835:839 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 11 57 from increase 1489:1496 arg1 branching 1576:1584 the branching 1572:1584 the branching of hyphae 1572:1594 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 57 from increase 1489:1496 arg1 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 57 from increase 1489:1496 arg1 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 57 from increase 1489:1496 arg1 diameter 1521:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 2 58 theme acid 368:371 arg1 metabolite 412:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 a secondary metabolite 400:421 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 58 theme acid 368:371 arg1 activity 332:339 the antimicrobial activity 314:339 the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) 314:377 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 0 59 theme pyrrole-2-carboxylic 48:67 arg1 acid 69:72 pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 48:72 pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 48:72 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 2 60 theme 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic 344:366 arg1 PCA 374:376 PCA 374:376 PCA 374:376 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 2 60 theme 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic 344:366 arg1 acid 368:371 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid 344:371 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) 344:377 Recently, the antimicrobial activity of 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (PCA) has been reported as a secondary metabolite of Streptomyces griseus, which was identified as the main bioactive compound in the biological control. 30747297 6 61 theme spores 940:945 arg1 analysis 967:974 the analysis 963:974 the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy 963:1024 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 61 theme spores 940:945 arg1 assay 889:893 viability assay 879:893 viability assay 879:893 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 61 theme spores 940:945 arg1 germination 902:912 spore germination 896:912 spore germination 896:912 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 6 61 theme spores 940:945 arg1 analysis 928:935 morphometric analysis 915:935 morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae 915:956 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 8 62 theme well-distributed 1147:1162 arg1 biocomposites 1164:1176 well-distributed biocomposites 1147:1176 well-distributed biocomposites with an apparently spherical shape 1147:1211 Micrographs demonstrated well-distributed biocomposites with an apparently spherical shape. 30747297 6 63 theme antifungal 841:850 arg1 activity 852:859 In vitro antifungal activity 832:859 In vitro antifungal activity 832:859 In vitro antifungal activity was determined by viability assay, spore germination, morphometric analysis of spores and hyphae, and the analysis of cellular components by fluorescence microscopy. 30747297 0 64 dep biocomposites 22:34 arg1 loaded 36:41 loaded 36:41 biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger 22:142 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 9 65 from 1473 cm-1 1230:1238 arg1 signal 1220:1225 A new signal 1214:1225 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite 1214:1287 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 1 66 theme antimicrobial 222:234 arg1 agents 236:241 different antimicrobial agents 212:241 different antimicrobial agents 212:241 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 7 67 theme average 1044:1050 arg1 size 1052:1055 an average size 1041:1055 an average size 1041:1055 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 11 68 from Effects 1444:1450 arg1 morphometry 1461:1471 fungi morphometry 1455:1471 fungi morphometry 1455:1471 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 1 69 theme wide 147:150 arg1 biomaterials 177:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 chitosan (CS) biomaterials 163:188 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 1 69 theme wide 147:150 arg1 variety 152:158 A wide variety 145:158 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials 145:188 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 12 70 theme early 1703:1707 arg1 stages 1716:1721 early growth stages 1703:1721 early growth stages 1703:1721 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 7 71 theme + 54.7 ± 15 mV 1092:1105 arg1 size 1052:1055 an average size 1041:1055 an average size 1041:1055 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 7 71 theme + 54.7 ± 15 mV 1092:1105 arg1 potential 1063:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 Z potential 1061:1071 CS-PCA showed an average size and Z potential of 502 ± 72 nm and + 54.7 ± 15 mV, respectively. 30747297 1 72 theme different 212:220 arg1 agents 236:241 different antimicrobial agents 212:241 different antimicrobial agents 212:241 A wide variety of chitosan (CS) biomaterials have been loaded with different antimicrobial agents to improve the activity of CS against phytopathogenic fungi. 30747297 9 73 from presence 1318:1325 arg1 composition 1341:1351 the composition 1337:1351 the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem 1337:1376 A new signal at 1473 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectrum of the CS-PCA biocomposite was observed, confirming the presence of PCA in the composition of the CS-PCA nanosystem. 30747297 12 74 theme cell 1675:1678 arg1 damage 1685:1690 membrane and cell wall damage 1662:1690 damage 1685:1690 Fluorescence analysis showed oxidative stress and membrane and cell wall damage, mainly at early growth stages. 30747297 10 75 dep 58 1439:1440 arg1 to 1436:1437 to 1436:1437 to 1436:1437 CS-PCA biocomposites reduced the spores' viability by up to 58%. 30747297 0 76 theme chitosan 13:20 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of chitosan 0:20 Synthesis of chitosan biocomposites loaded with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and assessment of their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. 30747297 11 77 theme hyphae 1589:1594 arg1 branching 1576:1584 the branching 1572:1584 the branching of hyphae 1572:1594 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 4 78 theme work 663:666 arg1 aim 635:637 The aim 631:637 The aim of the present research work 631:666 The aim of the present research work was to evaluate the biological activity of CS-PCA biocomposites for the control of Aspergillus niger. 30747297 11 79 theme average 1513:1519 arg1 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 distortion 1541:1550 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 79 theme average 1513:1519 arg1 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 swelling 1531:1538 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 11 79 theme average 1513:1519 arg1 diameter 1521:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 the spores' average diameter 1501:1528 Effects on fungi morphometry, observed as an increase in the spores' average diameter, swelling, distortion, and an increase in the branching of hyphae, were observed. 30747297 8 80 theme spherical 1197:1205 arg1 shape 1207:1211 an apparently spherical shape 1183:1211 an apparently spherical shape 1183:1211 Micrographs demonstrated well-distributed biocomposites with an apparently spherical shape. 30529474 4 0 theme static 948:953 arg1 fermentation 963:974 static culture fermentation 948:974 static culture fermentation 948:974 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 3 1 theme disodium 633:640 arg1 phosphate 642:650 disodium phosphate 0.270 633:656 disodium phosphate 0.270 633:656 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 9 2 theme higher 1547:1552 arg1 productivities 1554:1567 higher productivities 1547:1567 higher productivities 1547:1567 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 5 3 from effect 991:996 arg1 productivity 1063:1074 productivity 1063:1074 productivity 1063:1074 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 5 3 from effect 991:996 arg1 yield 1053:1057 production yield 1042:1057 production yield 1042:1057 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 1 4 theme bacterial 164:172 arg1 production 194:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 164:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture 164:221 This work aimed at the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus BPR 2001 (K. xylinus). 30529474 8 5 theme low-cost 1408:1415 arg1 medium 1417:1422 a low-cost medium 1406:1422 a low-cost medium 1406:1422 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 5 6 theme area 1009:1012 arg1 effect 991:996 The effect 987:996 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity 987:1074 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 0 7 theme low-cost 108:115 arg1 medium 117:122 a low-cost medium 106:122 a low-cost medium 106:122 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 7 8 theme BNC 1257:1259 arg1 productivity 1266:1277 BNC mass productivity 1257:1277 BNC mass productivity 1257:1277 So long as nutrients were still available in the culture media, BNC mass productivity was constant. 30529474 4 9 theme BNC 741:743 arg1 production 745:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 2 10 theme Response 278:285 arg1 methodology 295:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 3 11 theme optimized 522:530 arg1 parameters 532:541 The optimized parameters 518:541 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production 518:568 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 3 11 theme optimized 522:530 arg1 % 575:575 % 575:575 % (m/v): molasses 5.38 575:596 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 4 12 theme fermentation 963:974 arg1 days 940:943 9 days 938:943 9 days of static culture fermentation 938:974 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 6 13 theme dry 1099:1101 arg1 production 1108:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 3 14 theme citric 659:664 arg1 acid 666:669 citric acid 0.115 659:675 citric acid 0.115 659:675 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 7 15 theme culture 1242:1248 arg1 media 1250:1254 the culture media 1238:1254 the culture media 1238:1254 So long as nutrients were still available in the culture media, BNC mass productivity was constant. 30529474 2 16 theme inexpensive 369:379 arg1 sources 411:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 16 theme inexpensive 369:379 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 1 17 theme nanocellulose 174:186 arg1 production 194:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 164:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture 164:221 This work aimed at the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus BPR 2001 (K. xylinus). 30529474 2 18 theme ammonium 474:481 arg1 sulphate 483:490 ammonium sulphate 474:490 ammonium sulphate 474:490 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 18 theme ammonium 474:481 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 5 19 theme production 1042:1051 arg1 yield 1053:1057 production yield 1042:1057 production yield 1042:1057 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 4 20 theme production 745:754 arg1 yields 756:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields 702:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields 702:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 6 21 theme mass 1103:1106 arg1 production 1108:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 8 22 theme high 1317:1320 arg1 yield 1337:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 7 23 theme mass 1261:1264 arg1 productivity 1266:1277 BNC mass productivity 1257:1277 BNC mass productivity 1257:1277 So long as nutrients were still available in the culture media, BNC mass productivity was constant. 30529474 0 24 theme surface 9:15 arg1 optimization 29:40 Response surface statistical optimization 0:40 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture 0:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 9 25 theme static 1464:1469 arg1 production 1492:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 2 26 theme central 309:315 arg1 design 327:332 central composite design 309:332 central composite design 309:332 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 1 27 theme BNC 189:191 arg1 production 194:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production 164:203 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture 164:221 This work aimed at the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus BPR 2001 (K. xylinus). 30529474 0 28 theme Response 0:7 arg1 optimization 29:40 Response surface statistical optimization 0:40 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture 0:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 6 29 theme surface 1143:1149 arg1 area 1151:1154 surface area 1143:1154 surface area 1143:1154 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 5 30 theme medium 1026:1031 arg1 effect 991:996 The effect 987:996 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity 987:1074 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 2 31 from effect 359:364 arg1 production 500:509 BNC production yield 496:515 BNC production yield 496:515 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 6 32 theme BNC 1095:1097 arg1 production 1108:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production 1095:1117 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 3 33 theme ethanol 681:687 arg1 % 693:693 ethanol 1.38% 681:693 ethanol 1.38% (v/v) 681:699 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 3 33 theme ethanol 681:687 arg1 v/v 696:698 v/v 696:698 v/v 696:698 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 4 34 theme maximum 853:859 arg1 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 34 theme maximum 853:859 arg1 productivity 865:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 2 35 used used 338:341 arg2 methodology 295:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 35 used used 338:341 arg2 design 327:332 central composite design 309:332 central composite design 309:332 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 9 36 theme BNC 1488:1490 arg1 production 1492:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 6 37 theme fermentation 1174:1185 arg1 time 1187:1190 fermentation time 1174:1190 fermentation time 1174:1190 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 1 38 theme production 194:203 arg1 optimization 148:159 the optimization 144:159 the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture 144:221 This work aimed at the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus BPR 2001 (K. xylinus). 30529474 0 39 theme statistical 17:27 arg1 optimization 29:40 Response surface statistical optimization 0:40 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture 0:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 4 40 theme predicted 843:851 arg1 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 40 theme predicted 843:851 arg1 productivity 865:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 41 theme BNC 861:863 arg1 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 41 theme BNC 861:863 arg1 productivity 865:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 2 42 theme surface 287:293 arg1 methodology 295:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology 278:305 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 9 43 theme promising 1435:1443 arg1 These 1425:1429 These 1425:1429 These 1425:1429 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 9 43 theme promising 1435:1443 arg1 conditions 1445:1454 promising conditions 1435:1454 promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production 1435:1501 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 2 44 theme sources 411:417 arg1 effect 359:364 the effect 355:364 the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield 355:515 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 0 45 theme bacterial 45:53 arg1 fermentation 69:80 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 45:80 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 45:80 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 9 46 theme industrial 1471:1480 arg1 production 1492:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 1 47 theme static 208:213 arg1 culture 215:221 static culture 208:221 static culture 208:221 This work aimed at the optimization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) production by static culture, using Komagataeibacter xylinus BPR 2001 (K. xylinus). 30529474 4 48 theme predicted 723:731 arg1 production 745:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 2 49 theme nutrient 402:409 arg1 sources 411:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 49 theme nutrient 402:409 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 50 theme steep 451:455 arg1 CSL 465:467 CSL 465:467 CSL 465:467 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 50 theme steep 451:455 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 50 theme steep 451:455 arg1 liquor 457:462 corn steep liquor 446:462 corn steep liquor (CSL) 446:468 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 4 51 theme culture 955:961 arg1 fermentation 963:974 static culture fermentation 948:974 static culture fermentation 948:974 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 2 52 theme BNC 496:498 arg1 production 500:509 BNC production yield 496:515 BNC production yield 496:515 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 5 53 theme culture 1018:1024 arg1 medium 1026:1031 culture medium 1018:1031 culture medium 1018:1031 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 7 54 from available 1225:1233 arg1 media 1250:1254 the culture media 1238:1254 the culture media 1238:1254 So long as nutrients were still available in the culture media, BNC mass productivity was constant. 30529474 2 55 theme available 392:400 arg1 sources 411:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources 369:417 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 55 theme available 392:400 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 0 56 theme fermentation 69:80 arg1 optimization 29:40 Response surface statistical optimization 0:40 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture 0:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 2 57 dep production 500:509 arg1 yield 511:515 yield 511:515 yield 511:515 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 4 58 theme maximum 733:739 arg1 production 745:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 predicted maximum BNC production 723:754 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 59 from 30 °C 980:984 arg1 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 59 from 30 °C 980:984 arg1 productivity 865:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 3 60 theme maximum 547:553 arg1 production 559:568 maximum BNC production 547:568 maximum BNC production 547:568 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 0 61 theme nanocellulose 55:67 arg1 fermentation 69:80 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 45:80 bacterial nanocellulose fermentation 45:80 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 8 62 theme production 1326:1335 arg1 yield 1337:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 9 63 theme high 1600:1603 arg1 capital 1605:1611 high capital 1600:1611 high capital 1600:1611 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 3 64 theme BNC 555:557 arg1 production 559:568 maximum BNC production 547:568 maximum BNC production 547:568 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 9 65 theme scale 1482:1486 arg1 production 1492:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 the static industrial scale BNC production 1460:1501 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 6 66 theme medium 1157:1162 arg1 depth 1164:1168 medium depth 1157:1168 medium depth 1157:1168 BNC dry mass production increased linearly with surface area, medium depth and fermentation time. 30529474 3 67 theme ammonium 609:616 arg1 sulphate 618:625 ammonium sulphate 0.63 609:630 ammonium sulphate 0.63 609:630 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 4 68 theme experimental 826:837 arg1 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day 883:903 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 4 68 theme experimental 826:837 arg1 productivity 865:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity 822:876 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 8 69 theme static 1362:1367 arg1 culture 1369:1375 static culture 1362:1375 static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium 1362:1422 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 9 70 theme agitated 1525:1532 arg1 bioreactors 1534:1544 agitated bioreactors 1525:1544 agitated bioreactors 1525:1544 These are promising conditions for the static industrial scale BNC production, since as compared to agitated bioreactors, higher productivities may be reached, while avoiding high capital and operating costs. 30529474 7 71 from media 1250:1254 arg1 available 1225:1233 available 1225:1233 available 1225:1233 So long as nutrients were still available in the culture media, BNC mass productivity was constant. 30529474 2 72 theme composite 317:325 arg1 design 327:332 central composite design 309:332 central composite design 309:332 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 8 73 theme BPR 1391:1393 arg1 culture 1369:1375 static culture 1362:1375 static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium 1362:1422 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 0 74 theme static 85:90 arg1 culture 92:98 static culture 85:98 static culture 85:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 30529474 5 75 theme surface 1001:1007 arg1 area 1009:1012 surface area 1001:1012 surface area 1001:1012 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 4 76 theme experimental 706:717 arg1 yields 756:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields 702:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields 702:761 The experimental and predicted maximum BNC production yields were 7.5 ± 0.54 g/L and 6.64 ± 0.079 g/L, respectively and the experimental and predicted maximum BNC productivity were 0.829 ± 0.046 g/L/day and 0.734 ± 0.079 g/L/day, after 9 days of static culture fermentation, at 30 °C. 30529474 3 77 dep % 575:575 arg1 molasses 584:591 molasses 5.38 584:596 % (m/v): molasses 5.38 575:596 The optimized parameters for maximum BNC production were % (m/v): molasses 5.38, CSL 1.91, ammonium sulphate 0.63, disodium phosphate 0.270, citric acid 0.115 and ethanol 1.38% (v/v). 30529474 8 78 theme BNC 1322:1324 arg1 yield 1337:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 a high BNC production yield 1315:1341 The results show that a high BNC production yield can be obtained by static culture of K. xylinus BPR 2001 using a low-cost medium. 30529474 5 79 dep area 1009:1012 arg1 depth 1033:1037 depth 1033:1037 depth 1033:1037 The effect of surface area and culture medium depth on production yield and productivity were also studied. 30529474 2 80 theme corn 446:449 arg1 CSL 465:467 CSL 465:467 CSL 465:467 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 80 theme corn 446:449 arg1 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 molasses 427:434 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 2 80 theme corn 446:449 arg1 liquor 457:462 corn steep liquor 446:462 corn steep liquor (CSL) 446:468 Response surface methodology - central composite design was used to evaluate the effect of inexpensive and widely available nutrient sources, namely molasses, ethanol, corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulphate, on BNC production yield. 30529474 0 81 from optimization 29:40 arg1 culture 92:98 static culture 85:98 static culture 85:98 Response surface statistical optimization of bacterial nanocellulose fermentation in static culture using a low-cost medium. 31739055 10 0 theme UV 1148:1149 arg1 irradiation 1151:1161 The UV irradiation 1144:1161 The UV irradiation 1144:1161 The UV irradiation weakened the _OH bending and enhanced the amide I amide II. 31739055 7 1 theme UV 892:893 arg1 irradiation 895:905 The UV irradiation 888:905 The UV irradiation for 10 min 888:916 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 6 2 theme β-CD 819:822 arg1 incorporation 802:814 incorporation 802:814 incorporation of β-CD 802:822 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 5 3 theme lowest 694:699 arg1 rate 709:712 the highest and lowest release rate 678:712 rate 709:712 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 3 4 theme water 442:446 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 2 5 used used 276:279 arg2 β-CD 265:268 β-CD 265:268 β-CD 265:268 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 2 5 used used 276:279 arg2 Ethanol 229:235 Ethanol 229:235 Ethanol 229:235 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 2 5 used used 276:279 arg2 β-Cyclodextrin 249:262 β-Cyclodextrin 249:262 β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) 249:269 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 2 5 used used 276:279 arg2 tween 238:242 tween 238:242 tween 238:242 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 6 6 theme other 791:795 arg1 hand 797:800 the other hand 787:800 the other hand 787:800 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 9 7 theme films 1129:1133 arg1 network 1135:1141 the films network 1125:1141 the films network 1125:1141 However, long-term radiation caused some cracks in the films network. 31739055 3 8 theme release 492:498 arg1 rate 500:503 release rate 492:503 release rate of GA to fatty food simulants 492:533 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 0 9 theme packaging 108:116 arg1 applications 118:129 packaging applications 108:129 packaging applications 108:129 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan bio-based composite film, physiochemical features and release properties for packaging applications. 31739055 3 10 from effect 350:355 arg1 color 403:407 the color 399:407 the color 399:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 0 11 theme UV-irradiated 0:12 arg1 gelatin-chitosan 14:29 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan 0:29 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan 0:29 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan bio-based composite film, physiochemical features and release properties for packaging applications. 31739055 10 12 theme I 1211:1211 arg1 II 1219:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 The UV irradiation weakened the _OH bending and enhanced the amide I amide II. 31739055 1 13 theme Chitosan-Gelatin 147:162 arg1 films 178:182 Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films 147:182 Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) 147:211 In this study, Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) were developed. 31739055 4 14 theme release 621:627 arg1 rate 629:632 the release rate 617:632 the release rate of the GA 617:642 UV irradiation reduced darkness of the films markedly and increased the release rate of the GA. 31739055 10 15 theme amide 1205:1209 arg1 II 1219:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 The UV irradiation weakened the _OH bending and enhanced the amide I amide II. 31739055 1 16 theme Gallic 196:201 arg1 GA 209:210 GA 209:210 GA 209:210 In this study, Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) were developed. 31739055 1 16 theme Gallic 196:201 arg1 acid 203:206 Gallic acid 196:206 Gallic acid (GA) 196:211 In this study, Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) were developed. 31739055 5 17 theme release 701:707 arg1 rate 709:712 the highest and lowest release rate 678:712 rate 709:712 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 3 18 theme WVP 468:470 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 5 19 theme non-irradiated 655:668 arg1 samples 670:676 the non-irradiated samples 651:676 the non-irradiated samples 651:676 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 8 20 theme uniform 1050:1056 arg1 microstructure 1058:1071 the consistent and uniform microstructure 1031:1071 the consistent and uniform microstructure 1031:1071 Microscopic analysis, showed the consistent and uniform microstructure. 31739055 3 21 theme exposure 364:371 arg1 time 373:376 the exposure time 360:376 the exposure time of UV irradiation 360:394 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 4 22 theme GA 641:642 arg1 rate 629:632 the release rate 617:632 the release rate of the GA 617:642 UV irradiation reduced darkness of the films markedly and increased the release rate of the GA. 31739055 4 23 theme films 588:592 arg1 darkness 572:579 darkness 572:579 darkness of the films 572:592 UV irradiation reduced darkness of the films markedly and increased the release rate of the GA. 31739055 0 24 theme composite 41:49 arg1 film 51:54 composite film 41:54 composite film 41:54 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan bio-based composite film, physiochemical features and release properties for packaging applications. 31739055 6 25 theme release 874:880 arg1 rate 882:885 release rate 874:885 release rate 874:885 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 7 26 theme water 989:993 arg1 vapor 995:999 water vapor 989:999 water vapor 989:999 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 5 27 contain containing 742:751 arg2 β-CD 753:756 β-CD 753:756 β-CD 753:756 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 5 27 contain containing 742:751 arg1 films 736:740 the films 732:740 the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively 732:781 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 5 27 contain containing 742:751 arg2 ethanol 762:768 ethanol 762:768 ethanol 762:768 Among the non-irradiated samples the highest and lowest release rate were obtained for the films containing β-CD and ethanol respectively. 31739055 2 28 theme forming 327:333 arg1 solutions 335:343 the film forming solutions 318:343 the film forming solutions 318:343 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 1 29 theme biodegradable 164:176 arg1 films 178:182 Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films 147:182 Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) 147:211 In this study, Chitosan-Gelatin biodegradable films loaded with Gallic acid (GA) were developed. 31739055 3 30 theme UV 381:382 arg1 irradiation 384:394 UV irradiation 381:394 UV irradiation 381:394 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 10 31 theme _OH 1176:1178 arg1 bending 1180:1186 the _OH bending 1172:1186 the _OH bending 1172:1186 The UV irradiation weakened the _OH bending and enhanced the amide I amide II. 31739055 3 32 theme fatty 514:518 arg1 simulants 525:533 fatty food simulants 514:533 fatty food simulants 514:533 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 10 33 theme amide 1213:1217 arg1 II 1219:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 the amide I amide II 1201:1220 The UV irradiation weakened the _OH bending and enhanced the amide I amide II. 31739055 3 34 theme mechanical 410:419 arg1 properties 421:430 mechanical properties 410:430 mechanical properties (TS, %E) 410:439 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 35 theme irradiation 384:394 arg1 time 373:376 the exposure time 360:376 the exposure time of UV irradiation 360:394 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 6 36 theme light 865:869 arg1 effect 852:857 the increasing effect 837:857 the increasing effect of UV light on release rate 837:885 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 7 37 theme film 976:979 arg1 properties 958:967 barrier properties 950:967 barrier properties 950:967 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 7 37 theme film 976:979 arg1 strength 937:944 mechanical strength 926:944 mechanical strength 926:944 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 3 38 theme food 520:523 arg1 simulants 525:533 fatty food simulants 514:533 fatty food simulants 514:533 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 7 39 theme mechanical 926:935 arg1 strength 937:944 mechanical strength 926:944 mechanical strength 926:944 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 3 40 theme time 373:376 arg1 properties 421:430 mechanical properties 410:430 mechanical properties (TS, %E) 410:439 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 40 theme time 373:376 arg1 effect 350:355 The effect 346:355 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color 346:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 40 theme time 373:376 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 40 theme time 373:376 arg1 rate 500:503 release rate 492:503 release rate of GA to fatty food simulants 492:533 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 6 41 theme UV 862:863 arg1 light 865:869 UV light 862:869 UV light 862:869 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 3 42 theme GA 508:509 arg1 properties 421:430 mechanical properties 410:430 mechanical properties (TS, %E) 410:439 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 42 theme GA 508:509 arg1 effect 350:355 The effect 346:355 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color 346:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 42 theme GA 508:509 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 42 theme GA 508:509 arg1 rate 500:503 release rate 492:503 release rate of GA to fatty food simulants 492:533 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 43 from properties 421:430 arg1 color 403:407 the color 399:407 the color 399:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 0 44 theme physiochemical 57:70 arg1 features 72:79 physiochemical features 57:79 physiochemical features 57:79 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan bio-based composite film, physiochemical features and release properties for packaging applications. 31739055 6 45 from effect 852:857 arg1 rate 882:885 release rate 874:885 release rate 874:885 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 8 46 theme consistent 1035:1044 arg1 microstructure 1058:1071 the consistent and uniform microstructure 1031:1071 the consistent and uniform microstructure 1031:1071 Microscopic analysis, showed the consistent and uniform microstructure. 31739055 7 47 theme barrier 950:956 arg1 properties 958:967 barrier properties 950:967 barrier properties 950:967 The UV irradiation for 10 min reduced mechanical strength and barrier properties of the film against water vapor. 31739055 3 48 dep properties 421:430 arg1 E 438:438 %E 437:438 %E 437:438 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 48 dep properties 421:430 arg1 TS 433:434 TS 433:434 TS 433:434 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 2 49 theme GA 312:313 arg1 distribution 296:307 the distribution 292:307 the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions 292:343 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 3 50 from rate 500:503 arg1 color 403:407 the color 399:407 the color 399:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 0 51 theme release 85:91 arg1 properties 93:102 release properties 85:102 release properties 85:102 UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan bio-based composite film, physiochemical features and release properties for packaging applications. 31739055 2 52 from distribution 296:307 arg1 solutions 335:343 the film forming solutions 318:343 the film forming solutions 318:343 Ethanol, tween, and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) were used to enhance the distribution of GA in the film forming solutions. 31739055 3 53 from microstructure 473:486 arg1 color 403:407 the color 399:407 the color 399:407 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 54 theme vapor 448:452 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 55 theme % 437:437 arg1 E 438:438 %E 437:438 %E 437:438 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 3 55 theme % 437:437 arg1 TS 433:434 TS 433:434 TS 433:434 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 4 56 theme UV 549:550 arg1 irradiation 552:562 UV irradiation 549:562 UV irradiation 549:562 UV irradiation reduced darkness of the films markedly and increased the release rate of the GA. 31739055 6 57 theme increasing 841:850 arg1 effect 852:857 the increasing effect 837:857 the increasing effect of UV light on release rate 837:885 On the other hand incorporation of β-CD could reduce the increasing effect of UV light on release rate. 31739055 9 58 theme long-term 1083:1091 arg1 radiation 1093:1101 long-term radiation 1083:1101 long-term radiation 1083:1101 However, long-term radiation caused some cracks in the films network. 31739055 3 59 theme permeability 454:465 arg1 microstructure 473:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure 442:486 The effect of the exposure time of UV irradiation on the color, mechanical properties (TS, %E), water vapor permeability (WVP) microstructure and release rate of GA to fatty food simulants investigated. 31739055 8 60 theme Microscopic 1002:1012 arg1 analysis 1014:1021 Microscopic analysis 1002:1021 Microscopic analysis 1002:1021 Microscopic analysis, showed the consistent and uniform microstructure. 31464418 0 0 theme Mesocellular 94:105 arg1 Foam 114:117 Mesocellular Silica Foam 94:117 Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing 94:173 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 2 1 theme MCF 546:548 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 1 theme MCF 546:548 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 2 theme radical 656:662 arg1 copolymerization 670:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 7 3 theme full-thickness 1471:1484 arg1 model 1498:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 5 4 theme defect 1176:1181 arg1 models 1146:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models 1114:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1114:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 7 5 theme defect 1491:1496 arg1 model 1498:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 5 6 theme lethal 1156:1161 arg1 defect 1176:1181 lethal rabbit-liver defect 1156:1181 lethal rabbit-liver defect 1156:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 2 7 theme one-pot 648:654 arg1 copolymerization 670:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 8 theme clot 380:383 arg1 formation 385:393 blood clot formation 374:393 blood clot formation 374:393 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 1 9 dep both 307:310 arg1 clinic 312:317 clinic 312:317 clinic 312:317 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 0 10 dep Rapid 123:127 arg1 Noncompressible 130:144 Noncompressible 130:144 Noncompressible 130:144 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 8 11 theme promising 1541:1549 arg1 hemostatic 1551:1560 a promising hemostatic 1539:1560 a promising hemostatic in more widespread clinical application 1539:1600 Thus, this QHM represents a promising hemostatic in more widespread clinical application. 31464418 1 12 theme noncompressible 277:291 arg1 hemorrhage 293:302 noncompressible hemorrhage 277:302 noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield 277:333 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 0 13 theme Silica 107:112 arg1 Foam 114:117 Mesocellular Silica Foam 94:117 Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing 94:173 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 3 14 theme components 823:832 arg1 concentration 834:846 blood components concentration 817:846 blood components concentration 817:846 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 7 15 theme efficient 1351:1359 arg1 hemostasis 1361:1370 the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior 1347:1416 hemostasis 1361:1370 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 6 16 theme mmol/g 1256:1261 arg1 density 1239:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density 1210:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g 1210:1261 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 0 17 theme Rapid 123:127 arg1 Hemostasis 146:155 Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis 123:155 Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis 123:155 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 7 18 theme antibacterial 1395:1407 arg1 behavior 1409:1416 excellent antibacterial behavior 1385:1416 excellent antibacterial behavior 1385:1416 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 2 19 dep injectable 473:482 arg1 quaternized 485:495 quaternized 485:495 quaternized 485:495 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 8 20 theme clinical 1581:1588 arg1 application 1590:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 Thus, this QHM represents a promising hemostatic in more widespread clinical application. 31464418 2 21 theme hydroxyethyl 497:508 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 21 theme hydroxyethyl 497:508 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 22 theme foam 540:543 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 22 theme foam 540:543 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 4 23 theme appropriate 873:883 arg1 % 909:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 23 theme appropriate 873:883 arg1 MCF 895:897 MCF 895:897 MCF (9.82 w/w %) 895:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 23 theme appropriate 873:883 arg1 amount 885:890 appropriate amount 873:890 appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) 873:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 3 24 theme instant 719:725 arg1 expansion 743:751 instant water-triggered expansion 719:751 instant water-triggered expansion 719:751 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 3 25 theme blood 817:821 arg1 concentration 834:846 blood components concentration 817:846 blood components concentration 817:846 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 4 26 theme coagulation 939:949 arg1 factors 951:957 the coagulation factors 935:957 the coagulation factors 935:957 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 2 27 theme cascade 420:426 arg1 activation 428:437 coagulation cascade activation 408:437 coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process 408:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 0 28 theme Bioinspired 0:10 arg1 Hydrogel 70:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 6 29 theme antibacterial 1284:1296 arg1 activities 1298:1307 remarkable antibacterial activities 1273:1307 remarkable antibacterial activities 1273:1307 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 2 30 theme graft 664:668 arg1 copolymerization 670:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 one-pot radical graft copolymerization 648:685 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 6 31 theme groups 1232:1237 arg1 density 1239:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density 1210:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g 1210:1261 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 8 32 from hemostatic 1551:1560 arg1 application 1590:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 Thus, this QHM represents a promising hemostatic in more widespread clinical application. 31464418 2 33 theme coagulation 408:418 arg1 activation 428:437 coagulation cascade activation 408:437 coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process 408:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 34 theme injectable 473:482 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 34 theme injectable 473:482 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 5 35 theme blood 1060:1064 arg1 loss 1066:1069 less blood loss 1055:1069 less blood loss 1055:1069 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 8 36 theme widespread 1570:1579 arg1 application 1590:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 more widespread clinical application 1565:1600 Thus, this QHM represents a promising hemostatic in more widespread clinical application. 31464418 6 37 theme excellent 1313:1321 arg1 cytocompatibility 1323:1339 excellent cytocompatibility 1313:1339 excellent cytocompatibility 1313:1339 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 5 38 theme ± 1030:1030 arg1 % 1033:1033 59 ± 4% 1027:1033 59 ± 4% 1027:1033 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 5 39 from hemostatics 1099:1109 arg1 models 1146:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models 1114:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1114:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 2 40 theme hemorrhage 582:591 arg1 control 593:599 both hemorrhage control 577:599 both hemorrhage control 577:599 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 6 41 theme quaternary 1212:1221 arg1 ammonium 1223:1230 a quaternary ammonium 1210:1230 a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g 1210:1261 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 0 42 theme Hydroxyethyl 37:48 arg1 Hydrogel 70:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 4 43 with QHM1 863:866 arg1 % 909:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 43 with QHM1 863:866 arg1 MCF 895:897 MCF 895:897 MCF (9.82 w/w %) 895:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 43 with QHM1 863:866 arg1 amount 885:890 appropriate amount 873:890 appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) 873:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 2 44 theme hemostasis 450:459 arg1 process 461:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 7 45 theme wound 1452:1456 arg1 healing 1458:1464 the wound healing 1448:1464 the wound healing 1448:1464 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 1 46 theme major 228:232 arg1 bleeding 184:191 bleeding 184:191 bleeding 184:191 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 1 46 theme major 228:232 arg1 challenges 234:243 the major challenges 224:243 the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield 224:333 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 2 47 theme silica 533:538 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 47 theme silica 533:538 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 3 48 theme as-prepared 692:702 arg1 QHMs 704:707 The as-prepared QHMs 688:707 The as-prepared QHMs 688:707 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 4 49 theme w/w 905:907 arg1 % 909:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 49 theme w/w 905:907 arg1 MCF 895:897 MCF 895:897 MCF (9.82 w/w %) 895:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 2 50 theme natural 442:448 arg1 process 461:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 51 theme cellulose/mesocellular 510:531 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 51 theme cellulose/mesocellular 510:531 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 7 52 theme skin 1486:1489 arg1 model 1498:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 a full-thickness skin defect model 1469:1502 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 5 53 theme rabbit-liver 1163:1174 arg1 defect 1176:1181 lethal rabbit-liver defect 1156:1181 lethal rabbit-liver defect 1156:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 5 54 theme available 1089:1097 arg1 hemostatics 1099:1109 commercially available hemostatics 1076:1109 commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1076:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 1 55 with hemorrhage 293:302 arg1 deep 268:271 deep 268:271 deep 268:271 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 2 56 theme blood 374:378 arg1 formation 385:393 blood clot formation 374:393 blood clot formation 374:393 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 0 57 theme Cellulose 50:58 arg1 Hydrogel 70:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 7 58 dep hemostasis 1361:1370 arg1 efficacy 1372:1379 efficacy 1372:1379 efficacy 1372:1379 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 0 59 theme Wound 161:165 arg1 Healing 167:173 Wound Healing 161:173 Wound Healing 161:173 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 5 60 theme vivo 1114:1117 arg1 models 1146:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models 1114:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1114:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 5 61 theme plasma 1003:1008 arg1 time 1019:1022 the plasma clotting time 999:1022 the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% 999:1033 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 6 62 theme remarkable 1273:1282 arg1 activities 1298:1307 remarkable antibacterial activities 1273:1307 remarkable antibacterial activities 1273:1307 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 2 63 theme antibacterial 605:617 arg1 activities 619:628 antibacterial activities 605:628 antibacterial activities 605:628 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 3 64 theme superabsorbent 757:770 arg1 capacity 772:779 superabsorbent capacity 757:779 superabsorbent capacity 757:779 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 4 65 theme MCF 895:897 arg1 % 909:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 65 theme MCF 895:897 arg1 MCF 895:897 MCF 895:897 MCF (9.82 w/w %) 895:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 65 theme MCF 895:897 arg1 amount 885:890 appropriate amount 873:890 appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) 873:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 2 66 from activation 428:437 arg1 process 461:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 natural hemostasis process 442:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 5 67 theme clotting 1010:1017 arg1 time 1019:1022 the plasma clotting time 999:1022 the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% 999:1033 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 6 68 theme ammonium 1223:1230 arg1 density 1239:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density 1210:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g 1210:1261 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 3 69 theme water-triggered 727:741 arg1 expansion 743:751 instant water-triggered expansion 719:751 instant water-triggered expansion 719:751 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 2 70 dep formation 385:393 arg1 activation 428:437 coagulation cascade activation 408:437 coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process 408:467 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 70 dep formation 385:393 arg1 control 593:599 both hemorrhage control 577:599 both hemorrhage control 577:599 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 1 71 with trauma 256:261 arg1 deep 268:271 deep 268:271 deep 268:271 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 7 72 theme excellent 1385:1393 arg1 behavior 1409:1416 excellent antibacterial behavior 1385:1416 excellent antibacterial behavior 1385:1416 With the efficient hemostasis efficacy and excellent antibacterial behavior, QHM dramatically facilitated the wound healing in a full-thickness skin defect model in vivo. 31464418 5 73 theme noncompressible 1119:1133 arg1 models 1146:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models 1114:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1114:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 1 74 theme urgent 249:254 arg1 trauma 256:261 urgent trauma 249:261 urgent trauma with deep 249:271 Massive bleeding control and anti-infection are the major challenges for urgent trauma with deep and noncompressible hemorrhage in both clinic and battlefield. 31464418 2 75 theme hydrogel 551:558 arg1 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 QHM 568:570 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 2 75 theme hydrogel 551:558 arg1 sponge 560:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge 470:565 an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) 470:571 Inspired by the coordinated primarily blood clot formation and secondly coagulation cascade activation in natural hemostasis process, an injectable, quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose/mesocellular silica foam (MCF) hydrogel sponge (QHM) for both hemorrhage control and antibacterial activities were prepared via one-pot radical graft copolymerization. 31464418 5 76 theme hemorrhage 1135:1144 arg1 models 1146:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models 1114:1151 vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect 1114:1181 Synergistically, the QHM1 could reduce the plasma clotting time to 59 ± 4% in vitro and showed less blood loss than commercially available hemostatics in vivo noncompressible hemorrhage models of lethal rabbit-liver defect. 31464418 4 77 theme 9.82 900:903 arg1 % 909:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 9.82 w/w % 900:909 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 4 77 theme 9.82 900:903 arg1 MCF 895:897 MCF 895:897 MCF (9.82 w/w %) 895:910 Moreover, the QHM1 with appropriate amount of MCF (9.82 w/w %) could further activate the coagulation factors. 31464418 3 78 dep exhibited 709:717 arg1 facilitated 805:815 facilitated 805:815 facilitated blood components concentration 805:846 The as-prepared QHMs exhibited instant water-triggered expansion and superabsorbent capacity and thereby effectively facilitated blood components concentration. 31464418 0 79 theme Composite 60:68 arg1 Hydrogel 70:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel 0:77 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 6 80 with QHM 1201:1203 arg1 density 1239:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density 1210:1245 a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g 1210:1261 Furthermore, the QHM with a quaternary ammonium groups density of 2.732 mmol/g exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities and excellent cytocompatibility. 31464418 0 81 dep Bioinspired 0:10 arg1 Injectable 13:22 Injectable 13:22 Injectable 13:22 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31464418 0 81 dep Bioinspired 0:10 arg1 Quaternized 25:35 Quaternized 25:35 Quaternized 25:35 Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica Foam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing. 31228501 0 0 theme films 102:106 arg1 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties 0:47 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 2 1 theme ∆E 438:439 arg1 * 440:440 ∆E* 438:440 ∆E* 438:440 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 4 2 theme electron 815:822 arg1 SEM 836:838 SEM 836:838 SEM 836:838 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 2 theme electron 815:822 arg1 microscopy 824:833 scanning electron microscopy 806:833 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 806:839 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 1 3 theme 0.2 263:265 arg1 % 266:266 % 266:266 % 266:266 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 0 4 theme cellulose 92:100 arg1 films 102:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 3 5 dep bacteria 701:708 arg1 coli 714:717 E. coli 711:717 E. coli 711:717 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 6 theme scanning 806:813 arg1 SEM 836:838 SEM 836:838 SEM 836:838 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 6 theme scanning 806:813 arg1 microscopy 824:833 scanning electron microscopy 806:833 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 806:839 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 1 7 theme % 266:266 arg1 PL 259:260 PL 259:260 PL 259:260 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 7 theme % 266:266 arg1 W/W 268:270 0.2% W/W 263:270 0.2% W/W 263:270 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 2 8 theme mechanical 460:469 arg1 properties 480:489 barrier properties 472:489 barrier properties 472:489 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 8 theme mechanical 460:469 arg1 stability 500:508 thermal stability 492:508 thermal stability of the films 492:521 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 1 9 theme casting 349:355 arg1 method 357:362 casting method 349:362 casting method 349:362 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 4 10 theme phosphate 920:928 arg1 groups 896:901 the hydroxyl groups 883:901 the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate 883:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 10 theme phosphate 920:928 arg1 groups 944:949 the amino groups 934:949 the amino groups of nisin and PL 934:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 10 theme phosphate 920:928 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 10 theme phosphate 920:928 arg1 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 10 theme phosphate 920:928 arg1 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 2 11 theme films 517:521 arg1 properties 480:489 barrier properties 472:489 barrier properties 472:489 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 11 theme films 517:521 arg1 stability 500:508 thermal stability 492:508 thermal stability of the films 492:521 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 4 12 theme nisin 1060:1064 arg1 content 1049:1055 appropriate content 1037:1055 appropriate content of nisin and PL 1037:1071 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 5 13 theme CN 1138:1139 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 13 theme CN 1138:1139 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 14 theme food 1274:1277 arg1 industry 1279:1286 food industry 1274:1286 food industry 1274:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 15 with material 1221:1228 arg1 properties 1260:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties 1235:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1235:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 4 16 with microstructure 983:996 arg1 content 1049:1055 appropriate content 1037:1055 appropriate content of nisin and PL 1037:1071 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 3 17 dep films 549:553 arg1 incorporation 555:567 incorporation 555:567 incorporation 555:567 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 5 18 theme packaging 1211:1219 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 18 theme packaging 1211:1219 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 3 19 contain had 601:603 arg1 films 549:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films 524:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL 524:599 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 3 19 contain had 601:603 arg2 activity 631:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity 605:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) 605:718 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 20 theme nisin 954:958 arg1 groups 896:901 the hydroxyl groups 883:901 the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate 883:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 20 theme nisin 954:958 arg1 groups 944:949 the amino groups 934:949 the amino groups of nisin and PL 934:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 20 theme nisin 954:958 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 20 theme nisin 954:958 arg1 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 20 theme nisin 954:958 arg1 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 21 theme PL 1070:1071 arg1 content 1049:1055 appropriate content 1037:1055 appropriate content of nisin and PL 1037:1071 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 2 22 theme significant 382:392 arg1 effects 394:400 significant effects 382:400 significant effects 382:400 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 23 theme a 427:427 arg1 * 428:428 a* 427:428 a* 427:428 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 3 24 theme Gram-negative 687:699 arg1 bacteria 701:708 Gram-negative bacteria 687:708 Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) 687:718 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 25 theme distarch 911:918 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 26 theme hydroxyl 887:894 arg1 groups 896:901 the hydroxyl groups 883:901 the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate 883:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 26 theme hydroxyl 887:894 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 26 theme hydroxyl 887:894 arg1 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 26 theme hydroxyl 887:894 arg1 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 0 27 theme Mechanical 0:9 arg1 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties 0:47 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 5 28 contain containing 1165:1174 arg2 nisin 1176:1180 nisin 1176:1180 nisin 1176:1180 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 28 contain containing 1165:1174 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 28 contain containing 1165:1174 arg2 PL 1186:1187 PL 1186:1187 PL 1186:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 28 contain containing 1165:1174 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 1 29 theme corn 278:281 arg1 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 29 theme corn 278:281 arg1 films 334:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films 278:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) 278:343 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 4 30 theme clear 857:861 arg1 continuous 1082:1091 continuous 1082:1091 continuous 1082:1091 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 30 theme clear 857:861 arg1 interaction 863:873 a clear interaction 855:873 a clear interaction 855:873 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 31 theme infrared 773:780 arg1 FTIR 796:799 FTIR 796:799 FTIR 796:799 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 31 theme infrared 773:780 arg1 spectroscopy 782:793 infrared spectroscopy 773:793 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 773:800 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 32 theme films 1026:1030 arg1 microstructure 983:996 the microstructure 979:996 the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL 979:1071 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 0 33 theme barrier 12:18 arg1 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties 0:47 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 1 34 theme distarch 283:290 arg1 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 34 theme distarch 283:290 arg1 films 334:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films 278:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) 278:343 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 3 35 theme nisin 588:592 arg1 combination 573:583 the combination 569:583 the combination of nisin and PL 569:599 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 5 36 theme physicochemical 1244:1258 arg1 properties 1260:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties 1235:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1235:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 1 37 theme W/W 236:238 arg1 nisin 219:223 nisin 219:223 nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) 219:239 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 37 theme W/W 236:238 arg1 % 234:234 0.25-0.5% W/W 226:238 0.25-0.5% W/W 226:238 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 4 38 theme amino 938:942 arg1 groups 944:949 the amino groups 934:949 the amino groups of nisin and PL 934:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 38 theme amino 938:942 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 38 theme amino 938:942 arg1 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 38 theme amino 938:942 arg1 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 1 39 theme phosphate/nanocrystalline 292:316 arg1 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 39 theme phosphate/nanocrystalline 292:316 arg1 films 334:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films 278:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) 278:343 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 2 40 theme barrier 472:478 arg1 properties 480:489 barrier properties 472:489 barrier properties 472:489 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 40 theme barrier 472:478 arg1 stability 500:508 thermal stability 492:508 thermal stability of the films 492:521 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 41 contain had 378:380 arg2 effects 394:400 significant effects 382:400 significant effects 382:400 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 41 contain had 378:380 arg1 PL 375:376 PL 375:376 PL 375:376 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 41 contain had 378:380 arg1 Nisin 365:369 Nisin 365:369 Nisin 365:369 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 4 42 theme appropriate 1037:1047 arg1 content 1049:1055 appropriate content 1037:1055 appropriate content of nisin and PL 1037:1071 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 2 43 theme color 405:409 arg1 parameters 411:420 color parameters 405:420 color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) 405:441 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 0 44 theme antimicrobial 24:36 arg1 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties 0:47 properties 38:47 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 1 45 theme cellulose 318:326 arg1 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 45 theme cellulose 318:326 arg1 films 334:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films 278:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) 278:343 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 2 46 theme b 431:431 arg1 * 432:432 b* 431:432 b* 431:432 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 1 47 dep ε-polylysine 245:256 arg1 PL 259:260 PL 259:260 PL 259:260 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 47 dep ε-polylysine 245:256 arg1 W/W 268:270 0.2% W/W 263:270 0.2% W/W 263:270 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 3 48 theme CN 528:529 arg1 films 549:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films 524:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL 524:599 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 49 dep Fourier 755:761 arg1 transform 763:771 transform 763:771 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 763:839 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 0 50 theme corn 52:55 arg1 films 102:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 1 51 theme based 328:332 arg1 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 CN 341:342 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 1 51 theme based 328:332 arg1 films 334:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films 278:338 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) 278:343 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 4 52 theme PL 964:965 arg1 groups 896:901 the hydroxyl groups 883:901 the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate 883:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 52 theme PL 964:965 arg1 groups 944:949 the amino groups 934:949 the amino groups of nisin and PL 934:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 52 theme PL 964:965 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 52 theme PL 964:965 arg1 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 PL 964:965 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 52 theme PL 964:965 arg1 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 nisin 954:958 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 3 53 theme synergistic 605:615 arg1 activity 631:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity 605:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) 605:718 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 2 54 dep parameters 411:420 arg1 * 440:440 ∆E* 438:440 ∆E* 438:440 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 54 dep parameters 411:420 arg1 * 424:424 L* 423:424 L* 423:424 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 54 dep parameters 411:420 arg1 * 428:428 a* 427:428 a* 427:428 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 54 dep parameters 411:420 arg1 * 432:432 b* 431:432 b* 431:432 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 5 55 theme enhanced 1235:1242 arg1 properties 1260:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties 1235:1269 enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1235:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 56 theme potential 1194:1202 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 56 theme potential 1194:1202 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 3 57 theme antimicrobial 617:629 arg1 activity 631:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity 605:638 synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) 605:718 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 3 58 dep bacteria 662:669 arg1 aureus 675:680 S. aureus 672:680 S. aureus 672:680 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 5 59 from properties 1260:1269 arg1 industry 1279:1286 food industry 1274:1286 food industry 1274:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 1 60 theme Antimicrobial 150:162 arg1 films 182:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films 150:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films 150:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 5 61 theme active 1204:1209 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 61 theme active 1204:1209 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 62 theme bio-nanocomposite 1141:1157 arg1 films 1159:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1134:1163 the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL 1134:1187 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 5 62 theme bio-nanocomposite 1141:1157 arg1 material 1221:1228 a potential active packaging material 1192:1228 a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry 1192:1286 These results indicate that the CN bio-nanocomposite films containing nisin and PL is a potential active packaging material with enhanced physicochemical properties in food industry. 31228501 2 63 theme thermal 492:498 arg1 properties 480:489 barrier properties 472:489 barrier properties 472:489 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 2 63 theme thermal 492:498 arg1 stability 500:508 thermal stability 492:508 thermal stability of the films 492:521 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31228501 3 64 theme PL 598:599 arg1 combination 573:583 the combination 569:583 the combination of nisin and PL 569:599 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 65 theme Structural 721:730 arg1 assessment 741:750 Structural property assessment 721:750 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 721:839 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 1 66 theme bio-nanocomposite 164:180 arg1 films 182:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films 150:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films 150:186 Antimicrobial bio-nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating nisin (0.25-0.5% W/W) and ε-polylysine (PL, 0.2% W/W) into corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose based films (CN) via casting method. 31228501 4 67 theme bio-nanocomposite 1008:1024 arg1 films 1026:1030 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1001:1030 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1001:1030 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 68 theme property 732:739 arg1 assessment 741:750 Structural property assessment 721:750 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 721:839 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 0 69 theme phosphate/nanocrystalline 66:90 arg1 films 102:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 3 70 theme bio-nanocomposite 531:547 arg1 films 549:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films 524:553 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL 524:599 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 4 71 theme CN 1005:1006 arg1 films 1026:1030 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1001:1030 the CN bio-nanocomposite films 1001:1030 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 4 72 theme corn 906:909 arg1 phosphate 920:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 corn distarch phosphate 906:928 Structural property assessment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that a clear interaction between the hydroxyl groups of corn distarch phosphate and the amino groups of nisin and PL, leading to the microstructure of the CN bio-nanocomposite films with appropriate content of nisin and PL was more continuous and compact. 31228501 0 73 theme distarch 57:64 arg1 films 102:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films 52:106 Mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of corn distarch phosphate/nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporated with Nisin and ε-polylysine. 31228501 3 74 theme Gram-positive 648:660 arg1 bacteria 662:669 Gram-positive bacteria 648:669 Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) 648:681 The CN bio-nanocomposite films incorporation the combination of nisin and PL had synergistic antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). 31228501 2 75 theme L 423:423 arg1 * 424:424 L* 423:424 L* 423:424 Nisin and PL had significant effects on color parameters (L*, a*, b* and ∆E*) and improved the mechanical, barrier properties, thermal stability of the films. 31030173 5 0 theme fabrication 637:647 arg1 process 649:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 1 theme low 660:662 arg1 limit 674:678 a low detection limit 658:678 a low detection limit (0.9 nM) 658:687 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 1 theme low 660:662 arg1 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 2 theme wide 692:695 arg1 range 704:708 a wide linear range 690:708 a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M) 690:739 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 2 theme wide 692:695 arg1 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg1 sensor 617:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 selectivity 767:777 high selectivity 762:777 high selectivity 762:777 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 limit 674:678 a low detection limit 658:678 a low detection limit (0.9 nM) 658:687 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 process 649:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 range 704:708 a wide linear range 690:708 a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M) 690:739 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 stability 747:755 high stability 742:755 high stability 742:755 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 3 contain had 624:626 arg2 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 0 4 theme heparin 98:104 arg1 detection 106:114 heparin detection 98:114 heparin detection 98:114 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 5 5 theme proposed 599:606 arg1 sensor 617:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 4 6 theme protamine-heparin 564:580 arg1 integration 582:592 protamine-heparin integration 564:592 protamine-heparin integration 564:592 This Au NPs also increasing the electron transfer rate and enhancing the signal response during protamine-heparin integration. 31030173 5 7 theme affinity 608:615 arg1 sensor 617:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor 595:622 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 8 theme high 742:745 arg1 stability 747:755 high stability 742:755 high stability 742:755 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 9 theme high 762:765 arg1 selectivity 767:777 high selectivity 762:777 high selectivity 762:777 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 0 10 theme protamine-conjugated 2:21 arg1 gold 23:26 A protamine-conjugated gold 0:26 A protamine-conjugated gold 0:26 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 3 11 used used 356:359 arg2 The 345:347 The 345:347 The 345:347 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 3 11 used used 356:359 arg2 support 364:370 support 364:370 support for signal amplification 364:395 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 2 12 theme affinity 316:323 arg1 ligand 325:330 an affinity ligand 313:330 an affinity ligand for heparin 313:342 Protamine is an antidote that can act as an affinity ligand for heparin. 31030173 2 12 theme affinity 316:323 arg1 antidote 288:295 an antidote 285:295 an antidote that can act as an affinity ligand for heparin 285:342 Protamine is an antidote that can act as an affinity ligand for heparin. 31030173 1 13 theme heparin 186:192 arg1 detection 194:202 heparin detection 186:202 heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 186:269 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 3 14 theme signal 376:381 arg1 amplification 383:395 signal amplification 376:395 signal amplification 376:395 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 5 15 theme simple 630:635 arg1 process 649:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 a simple fabrication process 628:655 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 16 dep 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 arg1 to 724:725 to 724:725 to 724:725 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 4 17 theme signal 541:546 arg1 response 548:555 the signal response 537:555 the signal response during protamine-heparin integration 537:592 This Au NPs also increasing the electron transfer rate and enhancing the signal response during protamine-heparin integration. 31030173 0 18 theme oxide 47:51 arg1 platform 85:92 an electrochemical platform 66:92 an electrochemical platform for heparin detection 66:114 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 0 18 theme oxide 47:51 arg1 composite 53:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 1 19 theme protamine-conjugated 212:231 arg1 composite 261:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 0 20 theme graphene 38:45 arg1 platform 85:92 an electrochemical platform 66:92 an electrochemical platform for heparin detection 66:114 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 0 20 theme graphene 38:45 arg1 composite 53:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 4 21 theme electron 500:507 arg1 rate 518:521 the electron transfer rate 496:521 the electron transfer rate 496:521 This Au NPs also increasing the electron transfer rate and enhancing the signal response during protamine-heparin integration. 31030173 3 22 theme Au 402:403 arg1 NPs 420:422 NPs 420:422 NPs 420:422 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 3 22 theme Au 402:403 arg1 nanoparticles 405:417 Au nanoparticles 402:417 Au nanoparticles (NPs) 402:423 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 1 23 theme graphene 233:240 arg1 composite 261:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 3 24 dep The 345:347 arg1 GO 349:350 GO 349:350 GO 349:350 The GO was used as support for signal amplification, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to immobilize the protamine. 31030173 5 25 theme detection 664:672 arg1 limit 674:678 a low detection limit 658:678 a low detection limit (0.9 nM) 658:687 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 25 theme detection 664:672 arg1 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 0.9 nM 681:686 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 4 26 theme transfer 509:516 arg1 rate 518:521 the electron transfer rate 496:521 the electron transfer rate 496:521 This Au NPs also increasing the electron transfer rate and enhancing the signal response during protamine-heparin integration. 31030173 1 27 theme oxide/gold 242:251 arg1 composite 261:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 0 28 theme electrochemical 69:83 arg1 platform 85:92 an electrochemical platform 66:92 an electrochemical platform for heparin detection 66:114 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 0 28 theme electrochemical 69:83 arg1 composite 53:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 graphene oxide composite 38:61 A protamine-conjugated gold decorated graphene oxide composite as an electrochemical platform for heparin detection. 31030173 5 29 theme heparin 799:805 arg1 detection 786:794 the detection 782:794 the detection of heparin 782:805 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 1 30 theme effective 135:143 arg1 sensor 161:166 an effective electrochemical sensor 132:166 an effective electrochemical sensor 132:166 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 1 31 theme GO/Au 254:258 arg1 composite 261:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite 210:269 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 1 32 theme electrochemical 145:159 arg1 sensor 161:166 an effective electrochemical sensor 132:166 an effective electrochemical sensor 132:166 In this study, an effective electrochemical sensor was developed for heparin detection using a protamine-conjugated graphene oxide/gold (GO/Au) composite. 31030173 5 33 theme linear 697:702 arg1 range 704:708 a wide linear range 690:708 a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M) 690:739 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 31030173 5 33 theme linear 697:702 arg1 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 1.5 × 10-9 M 727:738 The proposed affinity sensor had a simple fabrication process, a low detection limit (0.9 nM), a wide linear range (1.9 × 10-7 M to 1.5 × 10-9 M), high stability, and high selectivity in the detection of heparin. 30893920 3 0 theme flocculation 683:694 arg1 chloride 643:650 polyaluminum chloride 630:650 polyaluminum chloride (PAC) 630:656 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 0 theme flocculation 683:694 arg1 chitosan 611:618 chitosan 611:618 chitosan (CTS) 611:624 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 0 theme flocculation 683:694 arg1 agent 696:700 a composite flocculation agent 671:700 a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries 671:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 4 1 theme composite 825:833 arg1 CF 847:848 CF 847:848 CF 847:848 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 1 theme composite 825:833 arg1 flocculant 835:844 the composite flocculant 821:844 the composite flocculant (CF) 821:849 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 1 theme composite 825:833 arg1 flocculant 862:871 composite flocculant 852:871 composite flocculant added 852:877 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 8 2 contain had 1504:1506 arg1 CF 1472:1473 the CF 1468:1473 the CF 1468:1473 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 8 2 contain had 1504:1506 arg2 capacity 1527:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 8 2 contain had 1504:1506 arg2 performance 1565:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 2 3 theme phosphorus 373:382 arg1 levels 350:355 high levels 345:355 high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 345:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 7 4 theme ammonia 1329:1335 arg1 concentration 1352:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 1 5 theme nitrogen 177:184 arg1 amounts 166:172 large amounts 160:172 large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater 160:215 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 5 theme nitrogen 177:184 arg1 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 5 theme nitrogen 177:184 arg1 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 0 6 theme Response 111:118 arg1 Method 128:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 8 7 theme greater 1508:1514 arg1 capacity 1527:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 4 8 theme surface 750:756 arg1 method 758:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 5 9 theme mL·L-1 1064:1069 arg1 slurry 1078:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 9 theme mL·L-1 1064:1069 arg1 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 0 10 theme Box⁻Behnken 99:109 arg1 Method 128:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 4 11 theme response 741:748 arg1 method 758:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 12 used used 769:772 arg2 method 758:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method 737:763 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 5 13 theme nm 1200:1201 arg1 wavelength 1182:1191 a wavelength 1180:1191 a wavelength of 420 nm 1180:1201 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 7 14 theme mg·L-1 1391:1396 arg1 mg·L-1 1408:1413 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 1383:1413 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 1383:1413 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 4 15 theme biogas 896:901 arg1 slurry 903:908 the biogas slurry 892:908 the biogas slurry 892:908 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 3 16 theme pig 716:718 arg1 slurries 727:734 pig biogas slurries 716:734 pig biogas slurries 716:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 1 17 from amounts 166:172 arg1 wastewater 206:215 wastewater 206:215 wastewater 206:215 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 3 18 theme efficient 538:546 arg1 rates 556:560 efficient removal rates 538:560 efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry 538:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 9 19 theme bridge 1686:1691 arg1 adsorption 1693:1702 bridge adsorption 1686:1702 bridge adsorption 1686:1702 Furthermore, the CF could exhibit better chelation, electrical neutralization and bridge adsorption. 30893920 0 20 theme Surface 120:126 arg1 Method 128:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 95:133 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 5 21 theme 6.79 1023:1026 arg1 PACadded 1010:1017 PACadded 1010:1017 PACadded 1010:1017 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 21 theme 6.79 1023:1026 arg1 mL-1CF 1034:1039 mL-1CF 1034:1039 mL-1CF 1034:1039 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 6 22 theme 1.38 1278:1281 arg1 mg·L-1 1268:1273 mg·L-1 1268:1273 mg·L-1 1268:1273 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 3 23 theme removal 548:554 arg1 rates 556:560 efficient removal rates 538:560 efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry 538:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 8 24 theme adsorption 1516:1525 arg1 capacity 1527:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 greater adsorption capacity 1508:1534 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 1 25 theme phosphorus 190:199 arg1 amounts 166:172 large amounts 160:172 large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater 160:215 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 25 theme phosphorus 190:199 arg1 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 25 theme phosphorus 190:199 arg1 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 6 26 theme removal 1296:1302 arg1 rate 1304:1307 a removal rate 1294:1307 a removal rate of 99.4% 1294:1316 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 5 27 theme g·100 1028:1032 arg1 PACadded 1010:1017 PACadded 1010:1017 PACadded 1010:1017 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 27 theme g·100 1028:1032 arg1 mL-1CF 1034:1039 mL-1CF 1034:1039 mL-1CF 1034:1039 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 7 28 theme total 1323:1327 arg1 concentration 1352:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 3 29 theme phosphorus 578:587 arg1 rates 556:560 efficient removal rates 538:560 efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry 538:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 5 30 theme biogas 1071:1076 arg1 slurry 1078:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 30 theme biogas 1071:1076 arg1 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 8 31 theme stable 1545:1550 arg1 performance 1565:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 9 32 theme better 1638:1643 arg1 chelation 1645:1653 better chelation 1638:1653 better chelation 1638:1653 Furthermore, the CF could exhibit better chelation, electrical neutralization and bridge adsorption. 30893920 0 33 theme Chloride-Chitosan 29:45 arg1 Flocculant 47:56 Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant 16:56 Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant 16:56 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 1 34 theme organic 294:300 arg1 fertilizer 302:311 organic fertilizer 294:311 organic fertilizer 294:311 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 6 35 theme phosphorus 1214:1223 arg1 concentration 1230:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 4 36 theme PAC 797:799 arg1 effect 787:792 the effect 783:792 the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance 783:947 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 2 37 theme biogas 318:323 arg1 slurries 325:332 biogas slurries 318:332 biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 318:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 4 38 dep added 801:805 arg1 PAC 797:799 PAC 797:799 PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH 797:919 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 38 dep added 801:805 arg1 PACadded 808:815 PACadded 808:815 PACadded 808:815 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 38 dep added 801:805 arg1 CFadded 880:886 CFadded 880:886 CFadded 880:886 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 0 39 theme Polyaluminum 16:27 arg1 Flocculant 47:56 Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant 16:56 Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant 16:56 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 3 40 theme biogas 720:725 arg1 slurries 727:734 pig biogas slurries 716:734 pig biogas slurries 716:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 2 41 theme ordinary 385:392 arg1 flocculants 394:404 ordinary flocculants 385:404 ordinary flocculants 385:404 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 7 42 dep mg·L-1 1408:1413 arg1 to 1398:1399 to 1398:1399 to 1398:1399 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 3 43 theme flocculants 514:524 arg1 advantages 492:501 the advantages 488:501 the advantages of the two flocculants 488:524 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 44 from slurry 603:608 arg1 rates 556:560 efficient removal rates 538:560 efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry 538:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 2 45 theme flocculation 429:440 arg1 requirements 442:453 the flocculation requirements 425:453 the flocculation requirements 425:453 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 4 46 theme flocculation 924:935 arg1 performance 937:947 flocculation performance 924:947 flocculation performance 924:947 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 1 47 used used 278:281 arg2 floc 266:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 0 48 theme Flocculant 47:56 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 0:134 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 8 49 theme larger 1486:1491 arg1 flocs 1493:1497 larger flocs 1486:1497 larger flocs 1486:1497 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 1 50 theme resulting 226:234 arg1 floc 266:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 0 51 theme Pig 71:73 arg1 Slurry 82:87 Pig Biogas Slurry 71:87 Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 71:133 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 5 52 theme 20.05 1058:1062 arg1 slurry 1078:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry 1058:1083 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 52 theme 20.05 1058:1062 arg1 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 CFadded 1046:1052 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 3 53 theme polyaluminum 630:641 arg1 chloride 643:650 polyaluminum chloride 630:650 polyaluminum chloride (PAC) 630:656 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 53 theme polyaluminum 630:641 arg1 chitosan 611:618 chitosan 611:618 chitosan (CTS) 611:624 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 53 theme polyaluminum 630:641 arg1 agent 696:700 a composite flocculation agent 671:700 a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries 671:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 53 theme polyaluminum 630:641 arg1 PAC 653:655 PAC 653:655 PAC 653:655 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 8 54 theme flocculation 1552:1563 arg1 performance 1565:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 more stable flocculation performance 1540:1575 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 2 55 theme nitrogen 360:367 arg1 levels 350:355 high levels 345:355 high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 345:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 6 56 theme 214.10 1261:1266 arg1 mg·L-1 1268:1273 mg·L-1 1268:1273 mg·L-1 1268:1273 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 3 57 used used 663:666 arg2 agent 696:700 a composite flocculation agent 671:700 a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries 671:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 57 used used 663:666 arg2 PAC 653:655 PAC 653:655 PAC 653:655 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 57 used used 663:666 arg2 CTS 621:623 CTS 621:623 CTS 621:623 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 57 used used 663:666 arg2 chitosan 611:618 chitosan 611:618 chitosan (CTS) 611:624 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 57 used used 663:666 arg2 chloride 643:650 polyaluminum chloride 630:650 polyaluminum chloride (PAC) 630:656 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 6 58 theme total 1208:1212 arg1 concentration 1230:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 7 59 theme TAN 1347:1349 arg1 concentration 1352:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 3 60 theme biogas 596:601 arg1 slurry 603:608 a biogas slurry 594:608 a biogas slurry 594:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 8 61 theme ordinary 1582:1589 arg1 flocculants 1591:1601 ordinary flocculants 1582:1601 ordinary flocculants 1582:1601 The results showed that the CF could form larger flocs, and had greater adsorption capacity and more stable flocculation performance than ordinary flocculants. 30893920 6 62 dep mg·L-1 1268:1273 arg1 to 1275:1276 to 1275:1276 to 1275:1276 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 5 63 from wavelength 1182:1191 arg1 absorbance 1157:1166 an absorbance 1154:1166 an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm 1154:1201 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 2 64 contain containing 334:343 arg1 slurries 325:332 biogas slurries 318:332 biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 318:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 2 64 contain containing 334:343 arg2 levels 350:355 high levels 345:355 high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 345:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 4 65 theme composite 852:860 arg1 flocculant 835:844 the composite flocculant 821:844 the composite flocculant (CF) 821:849 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 65 theme composite 852:860 arg1 flocculant 862:871 composite flocculant 852:871 composite flocculant added 852:877 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 4 66 from effect 787:792 arg1 performance 937:947 flocculation performance 924:947 flocculation performance 924:947 The response surface method was used to study the effect of PAC added (PACadded) to the composite flocculant (CF), composite flocculant added (CFadded) to the biogas slurry and the pH on flocculation performance, and optimize these three parameters. 30893920 3 67 theme nitrogen 565:572 arg1 rates 556:560 efficient removal rates 538:560 efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry 538:608 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 1 68 theme nitrogen- 236:244 arg1 floc 266:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 7 69 theme nitrogen 1337:1344 arg1 concentration 1352:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration 1319:1364 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 7 70 theme % 1441:1441 arg1 rate 1429:1432 a removal rate 1419:1432 a removal rate of 90.4% 1419:1441 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 2 71 theme high 345:348 arg1 levels 350:355 high levels 345:355 high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus 345:382 For biogas slurries containing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, ordinary flocculants can no longer meet the flocculation requirements. 30893920 5 72 theme 0.132 1171:1175 arg1 absorbance 1157:1166 an absorbance 1154:1166 an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm 1154:1201 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 7 73 theme removal 1421:1427 arg1 rate 1429:1432 a removal rate 1419:1432 a removal rate of 90.4% 1419:1441 The total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration was reduced from 1568.25 mg·L-1 to 150.27 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 90.4%. 30893920 9 74 theme electrical 1656:1665 arg1 neutralization 1667:1680 electrical neutralization 1656:1680 electrical neutralization 1656:1680 Furthermore, the CF could exhibit better chelation, electrical neutralization and bridge adsorption. 30893920 1 75 from wastewater 206:215 arg1 amounts 166:172 large amounts 160:172 large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater 160:215 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 75 from wastewater 206:215 arg1 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 75 from wastewater 206:215 arg1 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 76 theme large 160:164 arg1 amounts 166:172 large amounts 160:172 large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater 160:215 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 76 theme large 160:164 arg1 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 phosphorus 190:199 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 76 theme large 160:164 arg1 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 nitrogen 177:184 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 1 77 theme phosphorus-rich 250:264 arg1 floc 266:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc 222:269 Flocculation can remove large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, and the resulting nitrogen- and phosphorus-rich floc can be used to produce organic fertilizer. 30893920 0 78 theme Biogas 75:80 arg1 Slurry 82:87 Pig Biogas Slurry 71:87 Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method 71:133 Optimization of Polyaluminum Chloride-Chitosan Flocculant for Treating Pig Biogas Slurry Using the Box⁻Behnken Response Surface Method. 30893920 3 79 theme composite 673:681 arg1 chloride 643:650 polyaluminum chloride 630:650 polyaluminum chloride (PAC) 630:656 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 79 theme composite 673:681 arg1 chitosan 611:618 chitosan 611:618 chitosan (CTS) 611:624 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 3 79 theme composite 673:681 arg1 agent 696:700 a composite flocculation agent 671:700 a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries 671:734 In this study, to fully utilize the advantages of the two flocculants and achieve efficient removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus from a biogas slurry, chitosan (CTS) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used as a composite flocculation agent to flocculate pig biogas slurries. 30893920 5 80 theme flocculation 1110:1121 arg1 performance 1123:1133 the flocculation performance 1106:1133 the flocculation performance 1106:1133 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 5 80 theme flocculation 1110:1121 arg1 best 1143:1146 best 1143:1146 best 1143:1146 In the tests, when the PACadded was 6.79 g·100 mL-1CF, the CFadded was 20.05 mL·L-1 biogas slurry and the pH was 7.50, the flocculation performance was the best, with an absorbance of 0.132 at a wavelength of 420 nm. 30893920 6 81 theme % 1316:1316 arg1 rate 1304:1307 a removal rate 1294:1307 a removal rate of 99.4% 1294:1316 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30893920 6 82 theme TP 1226:1227 arg1 concentration 1230:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration 1204:1242 The total phosphorus (TP) concentration was reduced from 214.10 mg·L-1 to 1.38 mg·L-1 for a removal rate of 99.4%. 30414826 3 0 from effect 450:455 arg1 efficiency 492:501 saccharification efficiency 475:501 saccharification efficiency 475:501 The temperature of this process was empirically determined as 45°C-60°C, but no studies have systematically investigated the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency. 30414826 5 1 theme 60°C 720:723 arg1 temperatures 690:701 temperatures 690:701 temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%) 690:749 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 9 2 theme koji 1479:1482 arg1 amazake 1484:1490 koji amazake 1479:1490 koji amazake 1479:1490 These findings provide useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content. 30414826 0 3 theme koji 87:90 arg1 amazake 92:98 koji amazake 87:98 koji amazake 87:98 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 4 4 theme present 529:535 arg1 study 537:541 the present study 525:541 the present study 525:541 We addressed this in the present study by evaluating saccharification efficiency at various temperatures. 30414826 8 5 theme saccharification 1370:1385 arg1 temperature 1387:1397 saccharification temperature 1370:1397 saccharification temperature 1370:1397 Thus, oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake is dependent on saccharification temperature. 30414826 5 6 theme glucose 624:630 arg1 content 632:638 glucose content 624:638 glucose content 624:638 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 5 6 theme glucose 624:630 arg1 highest 648:654 highest 648:654 highest 648:654 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 1 7 theme traditional 145:155 arg1 beverage 172:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 1 7 theme traditional 145:155 arg1 amazake 106:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 2 8 attach derived 222:228 arg2 source 191:196 The main source 182:196 The main source of sweetness 182:209 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 2 8 attach derived 222:228 arg1 starch 240:245 rice starch 235:245 rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 235:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 2 8 attach derived 222:228 arg2 glucose 214:220 glucose 214:220 glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 214:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 6 9 from present 813:819 arg1 amazake 829:835 koji amazake 824:835 koji amazake 824:835 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 0 10 from Effect 0:5 arg1 efficiency 73:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 0 10 from Effect 0:5 arg1 saccharification 25:40 saccharification 25:40 saccharification 25:40 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 6 11 theme koji 824:827 arg1 amazake 829:835 koji amazake 824:835 koji amazake 824:835 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 trehalose 896:904 trehalose 896:904 trehalose 896:904 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 raffinose 932:940 raffinose 932:940 raffinose 932:940 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 levels 842:847 the levels 838:847 the levels of eight of these 838:865 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 panose 943:948 panose 943:948 panose 943:948 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 highest 980:986 highest 980:986 highest 980:986 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 isomaltose 907:916 isomaltose 907:916 isomaltose 907:916 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 gentiobiose 919:929 gentiobiose 919:929 gentiobiose 919:929 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 isomaltotriose 955:968 isomaltotriose 955:968 isomaltotriose 955:968 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 12 theme eight 852:856 arg1 kojibiose 885:893 kojibiose 885:893 kojibiose 885:893 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 9 13 theme consumer 1460:1467 arg1 appeal 1469:1474 the consumer appeal 1456:1474 the consumer appeal of koji amazake 1456:1490 These findings provide useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content. 30414826 7 14 theme saccharide 1195:1204 arg1 values 1261:1266 the values 1257:1266 the values obtained at these two temperatures 1257:1301 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 7 14 theme saccharide 1195:1204 arg1 amount 1180:1185 The maximum amount 1168:1185 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced 1168:1242 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 7 14 theme saccharide 1195:1204 arg1 saccharide 1195:1204 each saccharide 1190:1204 each saccharide 1190:1204 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 1 15 theme Japanese 157:164 arg1 beverage 172:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 1 15 theme Japanese 157:164 arg1 amazake 106:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 3 16 theme process 349:355 arg1 temperature 329:339 The temperature 325:339 The temperature of this process 325:355 The temperature of this process was empirically determined as 45°C-60°C, but no studies have systematically investigated the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency. 30414826 3 16 theme process 349:355 arg1 45°C-60°C 387:395 45°C-60°C 387:395 45°C-60°C 387:395 The temperature of this process was empirically determined as 45°C-60°C, but no studies have systematically investigated the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency. 30414826 1 17 theme sweet 166:170 arg1 beverage 172:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 1 17 theme sweet 166:170 arg1 amazake 106:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 0 18 from saccharification 25:40 arg1 amazake 92:98 koji amazake 87:98 koji amazake 87:98 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 8 19 theme oligosaccharide 1310:1324 arg1 composition 1326:1336 oligosaccharide composition 1310:1336 oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake 1310:1352 Thus, oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake is dependent on saccharification temperature. 30414826 5 20 dep highest 648:654 arg1 % 668:668 100% 665:668 100% 665:668 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 1 21 theme Koji 101:104 arg1 beverage 172:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 a traditional Japanese sweet beverage 143:179 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 1 21 theme Koji 101:104 arg1 amazake 106:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake 101:112 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 6 22 attach present 813:819 arg2 types 783:787 12 types 780:787 12 types of oligosaccharides 780:807 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 22 attach present 813:819 arg1 amazake 829:835 koji amazake 824:835 koji amazake 824:835 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 trehalose 896:904 trehalose 896:904 trehalose 896:904 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 raffinose 932:940 raffinose 932:940 raffinose 932:940 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 levels 842:847 the levels 838:847 the levels of eight of these 838:865 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 panose 943:948 panose 943:948 panose 943:948 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 highest 980:986 highest 980:986 highest 980:986 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 isomaltose 907:916 isomaltose 907:916 isomaltose 907:916 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 gentiobiose 919:929 gentiobiose 919:929 gentiobiose 919:929 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 isomaltotriose 955:968 isomaltotriose 955:968 isomaltotriose 955:968 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 23 theme nigerose 875:882 arg1 kojibiose 885:893 kojibiose 885:893 kojibiose 885:893 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 8 24 theme koji 1341:1344 arg1 amazake 1346:1352 koji amazake 1341:1352 koji amazake 1341:1352 Thus, oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake is dependent on saccharification temperature. 30414826 2 25 theme oryzae 293:298 arg1 enzymes 270:276 enzymes 270:276 enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 270:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 0 26 theme temperature 10:20 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 0:99 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 5 27 theme 40°C 706:709 arg1 temperatures 690:701 temperatures 690:701 temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%) 690:749 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 6 28 theme oligosaccharides 792:807 arg1 types 783:787 12 types 780:787 12 types of oligosaccharides 780:807 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 2 29 theme Aspergillus 281:291 arg1 oryzae 293:298 Aspergillus oryzae 281:298 Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 281:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 6 30 from 70°C. 1046:1050 arg1 maximal 1035:1041 maximal 1035:1041 maximal 1035:1041 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 3 31 theme saccharification 475:490 arg1 efficiency 492:501 saccharification efficiency 475:501 saccharification efficiency 475:501 The temperature of this process was empirically determined as 45°C-60°C, but no studies have systematically investigated the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency. 30414826 4 32 theme various 588:594 arg1 temperatures 596:607 various temperatures 588:607 various temperatures 588:607 We addressed this in the present study by evaluating saccharification efficiency at various temperatures. 30414826 6 33 located present 813:819 arg2 types 783:787 12 types 780:787 12 types of oligosaccharides 780:807 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 33 located present 813:819 arg1 amazake 829:835 koji amazake 824:835 koji amazake 824:835 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 7 34 theme maximum 1172:1178 arg1 values 1261:1266 the values 1257:1266 the values obtained at these two temperatures 1257:1301 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 7 34 theme maximum 1172:1178 arg1 amount 1180:1185 The maximum amount 1168:1185 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced 1168:1242 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 7 34 theme maximum 1172:1178 arg1 saccharide 1195:1204 each saccharide 1190:1204 each saccharide 1190:1204 The maximum amount of each saccharide including sophorose that was produced was close to the values obtained at these two temperatures. 30414826 6 35 theme these 861:865 arg1 these 861:865 these 861:865 these 861:865 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 35 theme these 861:865 arg1 eight 852:856 eight 852:856 eight 852:856 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 8 36 theme amazake 1346:1352 arg1 composition 1326:1336 oligosaccharide composition 1310:1336 oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake 1310:1352 Thus, oligosaccharide composition of koji amazake is dependent on saccharification temperature. 30414826 9 37 theme oligosaccharide 1505:1519 arg1 content 1521:1527 oligosaccharide content 1505:1527 oligosaccharide content 1505:1527 These findings provide useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content. 30414826 3 38 theme temperature 460:470 arg1 effect 450:455 the effect 446:455 the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency 446:501 The temperature of this process was empirically determined as 45°C-60°C, but no studies have systematically investigated the effect of temperature on saccharification efficiency. 30414826 0 39 theme production 62:71 arg1 efficiency 73:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 0 40 from efficiency 73:82 arg1 amazake 92:98 koji amazake 87:98 koji amazake 87:98 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 0 41 theme oligosaccharide 46:60 arg1 efficiency 73:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 oligosaccharide production efficiency 46:82 Effect of temperature on saccharification and oligosaccharide production efficiency in koji amazake. 30414826 4 42 theme saccharification 557:572 arg1 efficiency 574:583 saccharification efficiency 557:583 saccharification efficiency 557:583 We addressed this in the present study by evaluating saccharification efficiency at various temperatures. 30414826 2 43 theme sweetness 201:209 arg1 glucose 214:220 glucose 214:220 glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 214:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 2 43 theme sweetness 201:209 arg1 source 191:196 The main source 182:196 The main source of sweetness 182:209 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 6 44 theme sophorose 1010:1018 arg1 production 1020:1029 sophorose production 1010:1029 sophorose production 1010:1029 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 6 45 from amazake 829:835 arg1 present 813:819 present 813:819 present 813:819 We previously reported that 12 types of oligosaccharides are present in koji amazake; the levels of eight of these, namely nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, raffinose, panose, and isomaltotriose, were the highest at 50°C-60°C, whereas sophorose production was maximal at 70°C. Based on these findings, we initially performed saccharification at 50°C and then switched the temperature to 70°C. 30414826 1 46 theme rice 129:132 arg1 koji 134:137 rice koji 129:137 rice koji 129:137 Koji amazake, prepared from rice koji, is a traditional Japanese sweet beverage. 30414826 9 47 theme amazake 1484:1490 arg1 appeal 1469:1474 the consumer appeal 1456:1474 the consumer appeal of koji amazake 1456:1490 These findings provide useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content. 30414826 2 48 theme main 186:189 arg1 glucose 214:220 glucose 214:220 glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 214:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 2 48 theme main 186:189 arg1 source 191:196 The main source 182:196 The main source of sweetness 182:209 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 2 49 theme rice 235:238 arg1 starch 240:245 rice starch 235:245 rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification 235:322 The main source of sweetness is glucose derived from rice starch following digestion by enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae during saccharification. 30414826 5 50 theme 70°C 738:741 arg1 temperatures 690:701 temperatures 690:701 temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%) 690:749 We found that glucose content was the highest at 50°C (100%) and was reduced at temperatures of 40°C (66.4%), 60°C (91.9%), and 70°C (76.6%). 30414826 9 51 theme useful 1423:1428 arg1 information 1430:1440 useful information 1423:1440 useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content 1423:1527 These findings provide useful information for improving the consumer appeal of koji amazake by enhancing oligosaccharide content. 29528324 5 0 theme optimum 713:719 arg1 effect 732:737 The optimum adsorption effect 709:737 The optimum adsorption effect 709:737 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 6 1 theme adsorption 938:947 arg1 behavior 949:956 the adsorption behavior 934:956 the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 934:983 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 2 2 theme thermogravimetric 342:358 arg1 analysis 360:367 thermogravimetric analysis 342:367 thermogravimetric analysis 342:367 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 0 3 theme Hg 89:90 arg1 ions 96:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 4 4 contain had 607:609 arg1 CAD 603:605 the CAD 599:605 the CAD 599:605 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 4 4 contain had 607:609 arg2 area 636:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 4 4 contain had 607:609 arg2 base 703:706 amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 676:706 base 703:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 4 4 contain had 607:609 arg2 groups 661:666 multifunctional groups 645:666 multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 645:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 4 5 theme multifunctional 645:659 arg1 groups 661:666 multifunctional groups 645:666 multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 645:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 4 5 theme multifunctional 645:659 arg1 base 703:706 amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 676:706 base 703:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 6 6 theme ions 968:971 arg1 behavior 949:956 the adsorption behavior 934:956 the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 934:983 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 4 7 theme Schiff 696:701 arg1 base 703:706 amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 676:706 base 703:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 6 8 theme Langmuir 1036:1043 arg1 model 1045:1049 Langmuir model 1036:1049 Langmuir model 1036:1049 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 7 9 theme spontaneous 1113:1123 arg1 process 1136:1142 a spontaneous exothermic process 1111:1142 a spontaneous exothermic process 1111:1142 The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. 29528324 7 9 theme spontaneous 1113:1123 arg1 adsorption 1096:1105 the adsorption 1092:1105 the adsorption 1092:1105 The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. 29528324 3 10 theme ions 521:524 arg1 adsorption 500:509 the adsorption 496:509 the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 496:536 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 6 11 theme pseudo-second-order 998:1016 arg1 model 1026:1030 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 994:1030 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 994:1030 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 5 12 theme corresponding 849:861 arg1 capacity 882:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity 845:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions 845:904 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 3 13 theme contact 464:470 arg1 time 472:475 contact time 464:475 contact time 464:475 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 5 14 theme Hg 894:895 arg1 ions 901:904 Hg(II) ions 894:904 Hg(II) ions 894:904 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 1 15 theme Schiff 153:158 arg1 reaction 165:172 Schiff base reaction 153:172 Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite 153:213 A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. 29528324 4 16 theme large 613:617 arg1 area 636:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 0 17 theme ions 96:99 arg1 composites 49:58 diatomite composites 39:58 diatomite composites 39:58 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 0 17 theme ions 96:99 arg1 properties 75:84 adsorption properties 64:84 adsorption properties 64:84 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 0 17 theme ions 96:99 arg1 ions 96:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 2 18 theme adsorption 246:255 arg1 properties 257:266 adsorption properties 246:266 adsorption properties 246:266 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 2 19 dep morphology 220:229 arg1 The 216:218 The 216:218 The 216:218 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 5 20 theme adsorption 721:730 arg1 effect 732:737 The optimum adsorption effect 709:737 The optimum adsorption effect 709:737 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 6 21 theme II 964:965 arg1 ions 968:971 Hg(II) ions 961:971 Hg(II) ions for the CAD 961:983 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 2 22 dep transform 309:317 arg1 infrared 319:326 infrared 319:326 transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements 309:437 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 6 23 theme Hg 961:962 arg1 ions 968:971 Hg(II) ions 961:971 Hg(II) ions for the CAD 961:983 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 2 24 theme electron 379:386 arg1 microscopy 388:397 scanning electron microscopy 370:397 scanning electron microscopy 370:397 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 5 25 theme pH 761:762 arg1 min 822:824 4, 25 °C and 120 min 805:824 4, 25 °C and 120 min 805:824 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 5 25 theme pH 761:762 arg1 value 764:768 the pH value 757:768 the pH value 757:768 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 2 26 dep Fourier 301:307 arg1 transform 309:317 transform 309:317 transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements 309:437 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 2 27 theme scanning 370:377 arg1 microscopy 388:397 scanning electron microscopy 370:397 scanning electron microscopy 370:397 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 5 28 theme contact 787:793 arg1 time 795:798 contact time 787:798 contact time 787:798 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 4 29 theme hydroxyl 683:690 arg1 base 703:706 amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 676:706 base 703:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 7 30 theme exothermic 1125:1134 arg1 process 1136:1142 a spontaneous exothermic process 1111:1142 a spontaneous exothermic process 1111:1142 The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. 29528324 7 30 theme exothermic 1125:1134 arg1 adsorption 1096:1105 the adsorption 1092:1105 the adsorption 1092:1105 The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. 29528324 5 31 theme maximum 863:869 arg1 capacity 882:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity 845:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions 845:904 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 0 32 theme chitosan/amine 15:28 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of chitosan/amine 0:28 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 4 33 theme experimental 566:577 arg1 results 579:585 The experimental results 562:585 The experimental results 562:585 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 2 34 theme CAD 275:277 arg1 structure 232:240 structure 232:240 structure 232:240 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 2 34 theme CAD 275:277 arg1 properties 257:266 adsorption properties 246:266 adsorption properties 246:266 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 2 34 theme CAD 275:277 arg1 morphology 220:229 morphology 220:229 morphology 220:229 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 2 35 theme Teller 419:424 arg1 measurements 426:437 Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements 403:437 Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements 403:437 The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. 29528324 4 36 theme surface 628:634 arg1 area 636:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 1 37 theme chitosan 177:184 arg1 reaction 165:172 Schiff base reaction 153:172 Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite 153:213 A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. 29528324 1 38 theme base 160:163 arg1 reaction 165:172 Schiff base reaction 153:172 Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite 153:213 A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. 29528324 3 39 theme pH 454:455 arg1 value 457:461 pH value 454:461 pH value 454:461 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 0 40 theme diatomite 39:47 arg1 composites 49:58 diatomite composites 39:58 diatomite composites 39:58 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 0 40 theme diatomite 39:47 arg1 ions 96:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Hg(II) ions 89:99 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 3 41 theme value 457:461 arg1 effect 444:449 The effect 440:449 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 440:536 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 0 42 theme adsorption 64:73 arg1 properties 75:84 adsorption properties 64:84 adsorption properties 64:84 Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions. 29528324 3 43 theme temperature 481:491 arg1 effect 444:449 The effect 440:449 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 440:536 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 4 44 theme specific 619:626 arg1 area 636:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 a large specific surface area 611:639 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 3 45 theme time 472:475 arg1 effect 444:449 The effect 440:449 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 440:536 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 1 46 theme amino-modified 190:203 arg1 diatomite 205:213 amino-modified diatomite 190:213 amino-modified diatomite 190:213 A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. 29528324 4 47 theme amino 676:680 arg1 base 703:706 amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base 676:706 base 703:706 The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. 29528324 1 48 theme diatomite 205:213 arg1 reaction 165:172 Schiff base reaction 153:172 Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite 153:213 A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. 29528324 5 49 theme ions 901:904 arg1 capacity 882:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity 845:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions 845:904 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 5 50 theme adsorption 871:880 arg1 capacity 882:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity 845:889 the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions 845:904 The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. 29528324 6 51 theme kinetic 1018:1024 arg1 model 1026:1030 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 994:1030 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 994:1030 Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. 29528324 3 52 from effect 444:449 arg1 adsorption 500:509 the adsorption 496:509 the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD 496:536 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 3 53 theme Hg 514:515 arg1 ions 521:524 Hg(II) ions 514:524 Hg(II) ions 514:524 The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. 29528324 7 54 theme negative 1056:1063 arg1 ΔG0 1065:1067 ΔG0 1065:1067 ΔG0 1065:1067 The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. 34123048 5 0 gly sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 0 gly sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 linkage 1115:1121 α2-6 linkage 1110:1121 α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1110:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 0 gly sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 isomers 1092:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 2 1 gly sialylated 313:322 arg1 isomers 360:366 their linkage isomers 346:366 their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types 346:455 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 2 1 gly sialylated 313:322 arg1 glycans 324:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 7 2 link α2-6-linked 1357:1367 arg1 glycan 1369:1374 the α2-6-linked glycan 1353:1374 the α2-6-linked glycan 1353:1374 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 7 3 theme α2-3-linked 1454:1464 arg1 glycan 1466:1471 the α2-3-linked glycan 1450:1471 the α2-3-linked glycan 1450:1471 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 6 4 theme polymer 1294:1300 arg1 shrinkage 1302:1310 polymer shrinkage 1294:1310 polymer shrinkage 1294:1310 Analyses revealed an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 2 5 theme Precise 288:294 arg1 determination 296:308 Precise determination 288:308 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, 288:456 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 1 6 theme cancer 268:273 arg1 progression 275:285 cancer progression 268:285 cancer progression 268:285 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 4 7 dep acid 836:839 arg1 form 866:869 the predominant form 850:869 the predominant form of sialic acid 850:884 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 7 dep acid 836:839 arg1 species 932:938 species 932:938 species 932:938 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 7 dep acid 836:839 arg1 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 8 theme acid 881:884 arg1 form 866:869 the predominant form 850:869 the predominant form of sialic acid 850:884 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 8 theme acid 881:884 arg1 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 7 9 theme high 1432:1435 arg1 affinity 1437:1444 the high affinity 1428:1444 the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan 1428:1471 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 2 10 theme glycans 324:330 arg1 determination 296:308 Precise determination 288:308 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, 288:456 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 1 11 theme diverse 193:199 arg1 processes 210:218 diverse cellular processes 193:218 diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression 193:285 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 11 theme diverse 193:199 arg1 progression 275:285 cancer progression 268:285 cancer progression 268:285 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 11 theme diverse 193:199 arg1 responses 235:243 immune responses 228:243 immune responses 228:243 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 11 theme diverse 193:199 arg1 binding 255:261 pathogen binding 246:261 pathogen binding 246:261 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 3 12 theme biomimetic 571:580 arg1 system 595:600 a biomimetic nanochannels system 569:600 a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) 569:685 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 7 13 theme layer 1417:1421 arg1 shrinkage 1396:1404 considerable shrinkage 1383:1404 considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer 1383:1421 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 3 14 theme responsive 622:631 arg1 polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside 641:675 the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside 618:675 the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) 618:685 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 3 14 theme responsive 622:631 arg1 Glc-PEI 678:684 Glc-PEI 678:684 Glc-PEI 678:684 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 4 15 theme sialic 920:925 arg1 acid 927:930 sialic acid 920:930 sialic acid 920:930 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 6 16 theme unusual 1230:1236 arg1 mechanism 1249:1257 an unusual tug-of-war mechanism 1227:1257 an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage 1227:1310 Analyses revealed an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 5 17 theme sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 17 theme sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 linkage 1115:1121 α2-6 linkage 1110:1121 α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1110:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 17 theme sialylated 1066:1075 arg1 isomers 1092:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 7 18 theme considerable 1383:1394 arg1 shrinkage 1396:1404 considerable shrinkage 1383:1404 considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer 1383:1421 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 4 19 theme ion 749:751 arg1 flux 753:756 ion flux 749:756 ion flux 749:756 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 5 20 theme linkage 1084:1090 arg1 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 20 theme linkage 1084:1090 arg1 linkage 1115:1121 α2-6 linkage 1110:1121 α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1110:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 20 theme linkage 1084:1090 arg1 isomers 1092:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 21 theme different 954:962 arg1 ratios 973:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios 954:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system 954:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 9 22 theme new 1798:1800 arg1 route 1802:1806 a new route 1796:1806 a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld 1796:1892 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 4 23 theme dramatic 721:728 arg1 change 739:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change 719:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux 719:756 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 5 24 theme ion 1142:1144 arg1 % 1182:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 24 theme ion 1142:1144 arg1 ratios 1167:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 2 25 theme complicated 492:502 arg1 composition 504:514 their complicated composition 486:514 their complicated composition 486:514 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 8 26 theme competition 1515:1525 arg1 mechanism 1527:1535 This competition mechanism 1510:1535 This competition mechanism 1510:1535 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 4 27 theme OFF-ON 731:736 arg1 change 739:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change 719:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux 719:756 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 5 28 theme increase 1158:1165 arg1 % 1182:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 28 theme increase 1158:1165 arg1 ratios 1167:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 0 29 theme glycan 94:99 arg1 binding 101:107 glycan binding 94:107 glycan binding 94:107 Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 2 30 theme structural 528:537 arg1 differences 539:549 limited structural differences 520:549 limited structural differences 520:549 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 8 31 theme simple 1548:1553 arg1 design 1579:1584 a simple and versatile materials design 1546:1584 a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules 1546:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 5 32 theme nanochannels 995:1006 arg1 system 1008:1013 the conical nanochannels system 983:1013 the conical nanochannels system 983:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 7 33 theme α2-6-linked 1357:1367 arg1 glycan 1369:1374 the α2-6-linked glycan 1353:1374 the α2-6-linked glycan 1353:1374 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 8 34 theme versatile 1559:1567 arg1 design 1579:1584 a simple and versatile materials design 1546:1584 a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules 1546:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 5 35 theme OFF-ON 965:970 arg1 ratios 973:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios 954:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system 954:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 8 36 theme design 1579:1584 arg1 principle 1586:1594 a simple and versatile materials design principle 1546:1594 a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules 1546:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 4 37 theme nanochannels 763:774 arg1 system 776:781 the nanochannels system 759:781 the nanochannels system 759:781 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 2 38 theme cancer 444:449 arg1 types 451:455 different cancer types 434:455 different cancer types 434:455 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 5 39 theme sensitive 1038:1046 arg1 discrimination 1048:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination 1022:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1022:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 7 40 theme binding 1321:1327 arg1 affinity 1329:1336 The low binding affinity 1313:1336 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan 1313:1374 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 4 41 theme predominant 854:864 arg1 form 866:869 the predominant form 850:869 the predominant form of sialic acid 850:884 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 41 theme predominant 854:864 arg1 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 Neu5Ac 842:847 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 0 42 theme sialylated 50:59 arg1 glycans 61:67 sialylated glycans 50:67 sialylated glycans 50:67 Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 4 43 from monosaccharides 900:914 arg1 acid 836:839 N-acetylneuraminic acid 817:839 N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides 817:914 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 43 from monosaccharides 900:914 arg1 acid 927:930 sialic acid 920:930 sialic acid 920:930 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 4 44 theme N-acetylneuraminic 817:834 arg1 acid 836:839 N-acetylneuraminic acid 817:839 N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides 817:914 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 1 45 theme immune 228:233 arg1 responses 235:243 immune responses 228:243 immune responses 228:243 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 2 46 theme distinct 385:392 arg1 events 405:410 distinct biological events 385:410 distinct biological events 385:410 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 5 47 theme precise 1026:1032 arg1 discrimination 1048:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination 1022:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1022:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 8 48 theme charged 1655:1661 arg1 biomolecules 1670:1681 negatively charged target biomolecules 1644:1681 negatively charged target biomolecules 1644:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 7 49 theme slight 1492:1497 arg1 shrinkage 1499:1507 only a slight shrinkage 1485:1507 only a slight shrinkage 1485:1507 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 9 50 theme nanochannel 1735:1745 arg1 systems 1747:1753 nanochannel systems 1735:1753 nanochannel systems 1735:1753 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 4 51 theme various 892:898 arg1 monosaccharides 900:914 various monosaccharides 892:914 various monosaccharides 892:914 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 1 52 theme cell 172:175 arg1 surface 177:183 cell surface 172:183 cell surface 172:183 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 53 attach attached 160:167 arg2 glycans 143:149 Sialylated glycans 132:149 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface 132:183 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 53 attach attached 160:167 arg1 surface 177:183 cell surface 172:183 cell surface 172:183 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 6 54 theme polymer-glycan 1267:1280 arg1 binding 1282:1288 polymer-glycan binding 1267:1288 polymer-glycan binding 1267:1288 Analyses revealed an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 3 55 theme nanochannels 582:593 arg1 system 595:600 a biomimetic nanochannels system 569:600 a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) 569:685 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 4 56 theme sialic 874:879 arg1 acid 881:884 sialic acid 874:884 sialic acid 874:884 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 2 57 theme sialylated 313:322 arg1 isomers 360:366 their linkage isomers 346:366 their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types 346:455 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 2 57 theme sialylated 313:322 arg1 glycans 324:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 1 58 theme cellular 201:208 arg1 processes 210:218 diverse cellular processes 193:218 diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression 193:285 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 58 theme cellular 201:208 arg1 progression 275:285 cancer progression 268:285 cancer progression 268:285 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 58 theme cellular 201:208 arg1 responses 235:243 immune responses 228:243 immune responses 228:243 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 1 58 theme cellular 201:208 arg1 binding 255:261 pathogen binding 246:261 pathogen binding 246:261 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 9 59 from application 1720:1730 arg1 biosensing 1774:1783 biosensing 1774:1783 biosensing 1774:1783 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 9 59 from application 1720:1730 arg1 bioanalysis 1758:1768 bioanalysis 1758:1768 bioanalysis 1758:1768 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 9 60 theme systems 1747:1753 arg1 application 1720:1730 the application 1716:1730 the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing 1716:1783 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 6 61 theme tug-of-war 1238:1247 arg1 mechanism 1249:1257 an unusual tug-of-war mechanism 1227:1257 an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage 1227:1310 Analyses revealed an unusual tug-of-war mechanism between polymer-glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 5 62 theme α2-6 1110:1113 arg1 linkage 1115:1121 α2-6 linkage 1110:1121 α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1110:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 62 theme α2-6 1110:1113 arg1 isomers 1092:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 7 63 theme Glc-PEI 1409:1415 arg1 layer 1417:1421 Glc-PEI layer 1409:1421 Glc-PEI layer 1409:1421 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 4 64 theme " 737:737 arg1 change 739:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change 719:744 a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux 719:756 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 5 65 theme glycan 1077:1082 arg1 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 α2-3 1101:1104 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 65 theme glycan 1077:1082 arg1 linkage 1115:1121 α2-6 linkage 1110:1121 α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1110:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 65 theme glycan 1077:1082 arg1 isomers 1092:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 sialylated glycan linkage isomers 1066:1098 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 1 66 theme Sialylated 132:141 arg1 glycans 143:149 Sialylated glycans 132:149 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface 132:183 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 34123048 8 67 dep recognition 1600:1610 arg1 systems 1623:1629 systems 1623:1629 systems 1623:1629 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 5 68 theme isomers 1092:1098 arg1 discrimination 1048:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination 1022:1061 the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively) 1022:1206 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 3 69 theme polymer 633:639 arg1 polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside 641:675 the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside 618:675 the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) 618:685 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 3 69 theme polymer 633:639 arg1 Glc-PEI 678:684 Glc-PEI 678:684 Glc-PEI 678:684 Here, we present a biomimetic nanochannels system integrated with the responsive polymer polyethyleneimine-g-glucopyranoside (Glc-PEI) to solve this problem. 34123048 5 70 theme conductance 1146:1156 arg1 % 1182:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 70 theme conductance 1146:1156 arg1 ratios 1167:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 9 71 theme glycan 1811:1816 arg1 analysis 1818:1825 glycan analysis 1811:1825 glycan analysis 1811:1825 Furthermore, this work broadens the application of nanochannel systems in bioanalysis and biosensing, and opens a new route to glycan analysis that could help to uncover the mysterious and wonderful glycoworld. 34123048 0 72 theme polymer 113:119 arg1 shrinkage 121:129 polymer shrinkage 113:129 polymer shrinkage 113:129 Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 5 73 theme conical 987:993 arg1 system 1008:1013 the conical nanochannels system 983:1013 the conical nanochannels system 983:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 2 74 theme limited 520:526 arg1 differences 539:549 limited structural differences 520:549 limited structural differences 520:549 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 8 75 theme materials 1569:1577 arg1 design 1579:1584 a simple and versatile materials design 1546:1584 a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules 1546:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 4 76 theme specific 792:799 arg1 recognition 801:811 specific recognition 792:811 specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species 792:938 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 7 77 link α2-3-linked 1454:1464 arg1 glycan 1466:1471 the α2-3-linked glycan 1450:1471 the α2-3-linked glycan 1450:1471 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 5 78 theme corresponding 1128:1140 arg1 % 1182:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 78 theme corresponding 1128:1140 arg1 ratios 1167:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 7 79 theme Glc-PEI 1341:1347 arg1 affinity 1329:1336 The low binding affinity 1313:1336 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan 1313:1374 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 2 80 theme biological 394:403 arg1 events 405:410 distinct biological events 385:410 distinct biological events 385:410 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 5 81 theme " 971:971 arg1 ratios 973:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios 954:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system 954:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 2 82 theme types 451:455 arg1 indicative 420:429 indicative 420:429 indicative 420:429 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 2 83 theme different 434:442 arg1 types 451:455 different cancer types 434:455 different cancer types 434:455 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 7 84 theme low 1317:1319 arg1 affinity 1329:1336 The low binding affinity 1313:1336 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan 1313:1374 The low binding affinity of Glc-PEI for the α2-6-linked glycan caused considerable shrinkage of Glc-PEI layer, but the high affinity for the α2-3-linked glycan resulted in only a slight shrinkage. 34123048 2 85 theme due 479:481 arg1 challenge 468:476 a challenge 466:476 a challenge 466:476 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 0 86 theme glycans 61:67 arg1 discrimination 32:45 the discrimination 28:45 the discrimination of sialylated glycans 28:67 Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 5 87 dep linkage 1115:1121 arg1 % 1182:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 96.2% 1178:1182 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 87 dep linkage 1115:1121 arg1 % 1191:1191 264% 1188:1191 264% 1188:1191 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 5 87 dep linkage 1115:1121 arg1 ratios 1167:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios 1124:1172 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 2 88 theme linkage 352:358 arg1 isomers 360:366 their linkage isomers 346:366 their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types 346:455 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 2 88 theme linkage 352:358 arg1 glycans 324:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 sialylated glycans 313:330 Precise determination of sialylated glycans, particularly their linkage isomers that can trigger distinct biological events and are indicative of different cancer types, remains a challenge, due to their complicated composition and limited structural differences. 34123048 5 89 theme system 1008:1013 arg1 ratios 973:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios 954:978 different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system 954:1013 Importantly, different "OFF-ON" ratios of the conical nanochannels system allows the precise and sensitive discrimination of sialylated glycan linkage isomers, α2-3 and α2-6 linkage (the corresponding ion conductance increase ratios are 96.2% and 264%, respectively). 34123048 4 90 from change 739:744 arg1 flux 753:756 ion flux 749:756 ion flux 749:756 By using a dramatic "OFF-ON" change in ion flux, the nanochannels system achieves specific recognition for N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the predominant form of sialic acid) from various monosaccharides and sialic acid species. 34123048 0 91 gly sialylated 50:59 arg1 glycans 61:67 sialylated glycans 50:67 sialylated glycans 50:67 Biomimetic nanochannels for the discrimination of sialylated glycans via a tug-of-war between glycan binding and polymer shrinkage. 34123048 8 92 theme target 1663:1668 arg1 biomolecules 1670:1681 negatively charged target biomolecules 1644:1681 negatively charged target biomolecules 1644:1681 This competition mechanism provides a simple and versatile materials design principle for recognition or sensing systems that involve negatively charged target biomolecules. 34123048 1 93 theme pathogen 246:253 arg1 binding 255:261 pathogen binding 246:261 pathogen binding 246:261 Sialylated glycans that are attached to cell surface mediate diverse cellular processes such as immune responses, pathogen binding, and cancer progression. 30987286 0 0 theme Monofilament 93:104 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 6 1 theme suture 892:897 arg1 biocompatibility 862:877 The biocompatibility 858:877 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro 858:906 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro was checked by tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays and no cytotoxicity to L929 cells was found. 30987286 7 2 theme GO-CT 1048:1052 arg1 sutures 1054:1060 GO-CT sutures 1048:1060 GO-CT sutures 1048:1060 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 8 3 theme first 1422:1426 arg1 week 1428:1431 the first week 1418:1431 the first week 1418:1431 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 3 4 theme green 478:482 arg1 method 484:489 a green method 476:489 a green method 476:489 In order to improve its strength, a composite monofilament absorbable suture was prepared in this study using graphene oxide and chitin (GO-CT) using a green method. 30987286 6 5 theme tetrazolium-based 923:939 arg1 assays 954:959 tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays 923:959 tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays 923:959 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro was checked by tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays and no cytotoxicity to L929 cells was found. 30987286 0 6 theme Chitin 86:91 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 4 7 theme FT-IR 492:496 arg1 spectra 498:504 FT-IR spectra 492:504 FT-IR spectra 492:504 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 7 8 theme sutures 1054:1060 arg1 implantation 1032:1043 the subcutaneous implantation 1015:1043 the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats 1015:1087 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 8 9 theme tumor 1268:1272 arg1 factor-α 1283:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 9 theme tumor 1268:1272 arg1 mediators 1233:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 0 10 theme Surgical 117:124 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 2 11 theme CT 291:292 arg1 sutures 294:300 pure CT sutures 286:300 pure CT sutures 286:300 However, the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures limits its application. 30987286 0 12 theme Absorbable 106:115 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 2 13 theme pure 286:289 arg1 sutures 294:300 pure CT sutures 286:300 pure CT sutures 286:300 However, the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures limits its application. 30987286 1 14 theme good 152:155 arg1 Chitin 135:140 Chitin 135:140 Chitin (CT) 135:145 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 1 14 theme good 152:155 arg1 material 157:164 a good material 150:164 a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics 150:242 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 4 15 theme GO 574:575 arg1 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 15 theme GO 574:575 arg1 groups 564:569 the characteristic functional groups 534:569 the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT 534:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 15 theme GO 574:575 arg1 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 5 16 theme % 691:691 arg1 solution 693:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 16 theme % 691:691 arg1 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 6 17 theme L929 984:987 arg1 cells 989:993 L929 cells 984:993 L929 cells 984:993 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro was checked by tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays and no cytotoxicity to L929 cells was found. 30987286 5 18 from amount 672:677 arg1 chitin 706:711 chitin 706:711 chitin 706:711 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 19 theme suture 796:801 arg1 strength 774:781 knot-pull strength 764:781 knot-pull strength 764:781 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 19 theme suture 796:801 arg1 strength 735:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 19 theme suture 796:801 arg1 strength 750:757 knot strength 745:757 knot strength 745:757 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 0 20 theme Sutures 126:132 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 0 20 theme Sutures 126:132 arg1 Properties 24:33 Mechanical Properties 13:33 Mechanical Properties 13:33 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 0 20 theme Sutures 126:132 arg1 Biocompatibility 40:55 Biocompatibility 40:55 Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 40:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 7 21 theme subcutaneous 1019:1030 arg1 implantation 1032:1043 the subcutaneous implantation 1015:1043 the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats 1015:1087 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 5 22 theme knot 745:748 arg1 strength 750:757 knot strength 745:757 knot strength 745:757 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 9 23 from material 1491:1498 arg1 clinic 1507:1512 the clinic 1503:1512 the clinic 1503:1512 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 3 24 theme graphene 436:443 arg1 oxide 445:449 graphene oxide 436:449 graphene oxide 436:449 In order to improve its strength, a composite monofilament absorbable suture was prepared in this study using graphene oxide and chitin (GO-CT) using a green method. 30987286 3 25 theme monofilament 372:383 arg1 suture 396:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 In order to improve its strength, a composite monofilament absorbable suture was prepared in this study using graphene oxide and chitin (GO-CT) using a green method. 30987286 6 26 theme GO-CT 886:890 arg1 suture 892:897 the GO-CT suture 882:897 the GO-CT suture in vitro 882:906 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro was checked by tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays and no cytotoxicity to L929 cells was found. 30987286 9 27 theme GO-CT 1446:1450 arg1 sutures 1452:1458 GO-CT sutures 1446:1458 GO-CT sutures 1446:1458 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 1 28 theme surgical 177:184 arg1 sutures 186:192 surgical sutures 177:192 surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics 177:242 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 3 29 theme absorbable 385:394 arg1 suture 396:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 In order to improve its strength, a composite monofilament absorbable suture was prepared in this study using graphene oxide and chitin (GO-CT) using a green method. 30987286 8 30 theme transforming 1358:1369 arg1 factor 1378:1383 transforming growth factor β 1358:1385 transforming growth factor β 1358:1385 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 31 theme significant 1170:1180 arg1 changes 1182:1188 no significant changes 1167:1188 no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10 1167:1328 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 5 32 theme small 666:670 arg1 amount 672:677 a small amount 664:677 a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin 664:711 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 32 theme small 666:670 arg1 solution 693:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 32 theme small 666:670 arg1 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 4 33 contain contained 524:532 arg2 groups 564:569 the characteristic functional groups 534:569 the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT 534:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 33 contain contained 524:532 arg1 GO-CT 518:522 GO-CT 518:522 GO-CT 518:522 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 33 contain contained 524:532 arg2 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 33 contain contained 524:532 arg2 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 1 34 theme due 194:196 arg1 sutures 186:192 surgical sutures 177:192 surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics 177:242 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 3 35 theme composite 362:370 arg1 suture 396:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 a composite monofilament absorbable suture 360:401 In order to improve its strength, a composite monofilament absorbable suture was prepared in this study using graphene oxide and chitin (GO-CT) using a green method. 30987286 4 36 theme functional 553:562 arg1 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 36 theme functional 553:562 arg1 groups 564:569 the characteristic functional groups 534:569 the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT 534:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 36 theme functional 553:562 arg1 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 5 37 theme amount 672:677 arg1 addition 652:659 the addition 648:659 the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin 648:711 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 2 38 theme sutures 294:300 arg1 strength 274:281 the poor mechanical strength 254:281 the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures 254:300 However, the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures limits its application. 30987286 5 39 theme knot-pull 764:772 arg1 strength 774:781 knot-pull strength 764:781 knot-pull strength 764:781 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 7 40 theme dorsal 1069:1074 arg1 skin 1076:1079 the dorsal skin 1065:1079 the dorsal skin of rats 1065:1087 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 4 41 theme characteristic 538:551 arg1 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 41 theme characteristic 538:551 arg1 groups 564:569 the characteristic functional groups 534:569 the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT 534:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 41 theme characteristic 538:551 arg1 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 5 42 theme breaking 718:725 arg1 strength 735:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 7 43 from implantation 1032:1043 arg1 skin 1076:1079 the dorsal skin 1065:1079 the dorsal skin of rats 1065:1087 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 5 44 theme GO 682:683 arg1 amount 672:677 a small amount 664:677 a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin 664:711 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 44 theme GO 682:683 arg1 solution 693:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 44 theme GO 682:683 arg1 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 6 45 theme colorimetric 941:952 arg1 assays 954:959 tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays 923:959 tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays 923:959 The biocompatibility of the GO-CT suture in vitro was checked by tetrazolium-based colorimetric assays and no cytotoxicity to L929 cells was found. 30987286 8 46 from changes 1182:1188 arg1 expression 1202:1211 the gene expression 1193:1211 the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10 1193:1328 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 1 47 theme conspicuous 205:215 arg1 characteristics 228:242 its conspicuous biological characteristics 201:242 its conspicuous biological characteristics 201:242 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 5 48 theme tensile 727:733 arg1 strength 735:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 the breaking tensile strength 714:742 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 7 49 theme hematoxylin-eosin 1115:1131 arg1 staining 1133:1140 hematoxylin-eosin staining 1115:1140 hematoxylin-eosin staining 1115:1140 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 8 50 theme necrosis 1274:1281 arg1 factor-α 1283:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 50 theme necrosis 1274:1281 arg1 mediators 1233:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 5 51 from chitin 706:711 arg1 amount 672:677 a small amount 664:677 a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin 664:711 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 51 from chitin 706:711 arg1 solution 693:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 51 from chitin 706:711 arg1 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 9 52 theme suture 1484:1489 arg1 potential 1469:1477 potential 1469:1477 potential 1469:1477 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 9 52 theme suture 1484:1489 arg1 material 1491:1498 a suture material 1482:1498 a suture material in the clinic 1482:1512 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 5 53 theme CT 847:848 arg1 suture 850:855 the CT suture 843:855 the CT suture 843:855 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 9 54 contain have 1464:1467 arg1 sutures 1452:1458 GO-CT sutures 1446:1458 GO-CT sutures 1446:1458 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 9 54 contain have 1464:1467 arg2 material 1491:1498 a suture material 1482:1498 a suture material in the clinic 1482:1512 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 9 54 contain have 1464:1467 arg2 potential 1469:1477 potential 1469:1477 potential 1469:1477 In summary, GO-CT sutures may have potential as a suture material in the clinic. 30987286 2 55 theme mechanical 263:272 arg1 strength 274:281 the poor mechanical strength 254:281 the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures 254:300 However, the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures limits its application. 30987286 8 56 theme mediators 1233:1241 arg1 expression 1202:1211 the gene expression 1193:1211 the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10 1193:1328 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 1 57 theme biological 217:226 arg1 characteristics 228:242 its conspicuous biological characteristics 201:242 its conspicuous biological characteristics 201:242 Chitin (CT) is a good material to prepare surgical sutures due to its conspicuous biological characteristics. 30987286 8 58 theme factor 1378:1383 arg1 expression 1344:1353 the expression 1340:1353 the expression of transforming growth factor β 1340:1385 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 2 59 theme poor 258:261 arg1 strength 274:281 the poor mechanical strength 254:281 the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures 254:300 However, the poor mechanical strength of pure CT sutures limits its application. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 interleukin 1244:1254 interleukin 1β 1244:1257 interleukin 1β (IL-1β) 1244:1265 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 interferon-γ 1307:1318 interferon-γ 1307:1318 interferon-γ 1307:1318 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 factor-α 1283:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 tumor necrosis factor-α 1268:1290 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 IL-6 1293:1296 IL-6 1293:1296 IL-6 1293:1296 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 mediators 1233:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 the inflammatory mediators 1216:1241 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 IL-10 1324:1328 IL-10 1324:1328 IL-10 1324:1328 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 60 theme inflammatory 1220:1231 arg1 IL-17A 1299:1304 IL-17A 1299:1304 IL-17A 1299:1304 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 4 61 theme CT 581:582 arg1 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 GO 574:575 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 61 theme CT 581:582 arg1 groups 564:569 the characteristic functional groups 534:569 the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT 534:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 4 61 theme CT 581:582 arg1 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 CT 581:582 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 0 62 theme Oxide-Reinforced 69:84 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 8 63 theme growth 1371:1376 arg1 factor 1378:1383 transforming growth factor β 1358:1385 transforming growth factor β 1358:1385 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 8 64 theme gene 1197:1200 arg1 expression 1202:1211 the gene expression 1193:1211 the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10 1193:1328 Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the gene expression of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, or IL-10; however, the expression of transforming growth factor β was significantly increased in the first week. 30987286 4 65 theme GO-CT 603:607 arg1 suture 609:614 a GO-CT suture 601:614 a GO-CT suture 601:614 FT-IR spectra showed that GO-CT contained the characteristic functional groups of GO and CT, indicating that a GO-CT suture was successfully obtained. 30987286 5 66 theme GO-CT 790:794 arg1 suture 796:801 the GO-CT suture 786:801 the GO-CT suture 786:801 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 0 67 theme Graphene 60:67 arg1 Sutures 126:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures 60:132 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 0 68 theme Mechanical 13:22 arg1 Properties 24:33 Mechanical Properties 13:33 Mechanical Properties 13:33 Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Chitin Monofilament Absorbable Surgical Sutures. 30987286 7 69 theme rats 1084:1087 arg1 skin 1076:1079 the dorsal skin 1065:1079 the dorsal skin of rats 1065:1087 In vivo, the subcutaneous implantation of GO-CT sutures in the dorsal skin of rats found no abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin staining. 30987286 5 70 theme 1.6wt 686:690 arg1 solution 693:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 1.6wt% solution 686:700 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30987286 5 70 theme 1.6wt 686:690 arg1 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 GO 682:683 With the addition of a small amount of GO (1.6wt% solution) in chitin, the breaking tensile strength, knot strength, and knot-pull strength of the GO-CT suture were significantly improved compared to the CT suture. 30339525 1 0 from solution 341:348 arg1 removal 310:316 the removal 306:316 the removal of parabens in aqueous solution 306:348 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 5 1 contain has 904:906 arg1 pH 876:877 The solution pH 863:877 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 863:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 1 contain has 904:906 arg2 influence 911:919 no influence 908:919 no influence 908:919 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 1 2 theme novel 164:168 arg1 composites 262:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 5 3 theme removal 928:934 arg1 efficiency 936:945 removal efficiency 928:945 removal efficiency 928:945 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 6 4 with removal 1181:1187 arg1 efficiency 1235:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 4 5 from mL 827:828 arg1 parabens 810:817 the parabens 806:817 the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 806:860 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 1 6 theme β-cyclodextrin 170:183 arg1 composites 262:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 4 7 dep % 716:716 arg1 95 714:715 95 714:715 95 714:715 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 3 8 dep solvents 590:597 arg1 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 8 dep solvents 590:597 arg1 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 8 dep solvents 590:597 arg1 solvents 590:597 adsorbent, pH and elution solvents 564:597 solvents 590:597 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 6 9 theme regeneration 1222:1233 arg1 efficiency 1235:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 3 10 theme adsorbent 564:572 arg1 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 10 theme adsorbent 564:572 arg1 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 10 theme adsorbent 564:572 arg1 solvents 590:597 adsorbent, pH and elution solvents 564:597 solvents 590:597 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 4 11 theme optimized 687:695 arg1 conditions 697:706 the optimized conditions 683:706 the optimized conditions 683:706 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 2 12 dep Fourier 414:420 arg1 transform 422:430 transform 422:430 transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis 422:532 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 1 13 theme modified 185:192 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 13 theme modified 185:192 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 0 14 theme paraben 129:135 arg1 removal 137:143 paraben removal 129:143 paraben removal 129:143 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 1 15 from parabens 321:328 arg1 solution 341:348 aqueous solution 333:348 aqueous solution 333:348 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 6 16 theme parabens 1192:1199 arg1 removal 1181:1187 the removal 1177:1187 the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency 1177:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 3 17 theme solvents 590:597 arg1 amount 554:559 the amount 550:559 the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents 550:597 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 17 theme solvents 590:597 arg1 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 elution 582:588 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 17 theme solvents 590:597 arg1 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 pH 575:576 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 17 theme solvents 590:597 arg1 solvents 590:597 adsorbent, pH and elution solvents 564:597 solvents 590:597 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 1 18 theme mesostructured 194:207 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 18 theme mesostructured 194:207 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 2 19 theme thermogravimetric 507:523 arg1 analysis 525:532 thermogravimetric analysis 507:532 thermogravimetric analysis 507:532 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 6 20 theme stability 1050:1058 arg1 studies 1076:1082 the stability and reusability studies 1046:1082 studies 1076:1082 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 6 21 theme prepared 1106:1113 arg1 composites 1132:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 6 21 theme prepared 1106:1113 arg1 adsorbents 1162:1171 cost-effective adsorbents 1147:1171 cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency 1147:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 5 22 theme sorption 964:971 arg1 capacity 973:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 1 23 theme silica 209:214 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 23 theme silica 209:214 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 24 from removal 310:316 arg1 solution 341:348 aqueous solution 333:348 aqueous solution 333:348 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 3 25 theme parabens 628:635 arg1 efficiency 614:623 the removal efficiency 602:623 the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions 602:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 1 26 theme coated 216:221 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 26 theme coated 216:221 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 4 27 theme adsorbents 785:794 arg1 mg 762:763 40 mg 759:763 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents 759:794 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 3 28 theme removal 606:612 arg1 efficiency 614:623 the removal efficiency 602:623 the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions 602:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 1 29 theme multi-walled 223:234 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 29 theme multi-walled 223:234 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 0 30 theme β-cyclodextrin 15:28 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin 0:28 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 5 31 theme parabens 955:962 arg1 capacity 973:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 32 dep 9 902:902 arg1 to 899:900 to 899:900 to 899:900 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 6 33 theme MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD 1115:1130 arg1 composites 1132:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 6 33 theme MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD 1115:1130 arg1 adsorbents 1162:1171 cost-effective adsorbents 1147:1171 cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency 1147:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 3 34 from solutions 648:656 arg1 efficiency 614:623 the removal efficiency 602:623 the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions 602:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 3 34 from solutions 648:656 arg1 parabens 628:635 parabens 628:635 parabens from water solutions 628:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 1 35 theme carbon 236:241 arg1 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 MWCNTs 254:259 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 1 35 theme carbon 236:241 arg1 nanotubes 243:251 modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes 185:251 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 0 36 theme silica 54:59 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 1 37 theme parabens 321:328 arg1 removal 310:316 the removal 306:316 the removal of parabens in aqueous solution 306:348 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 7 38 theme attractive 1303:1312 arg1 candidate 1314:1322 an attractive candidate 1300:1322 an attractive candidate for water purification 1300:1345 The composites fabricated in this study could become an attractive candidate for water purification. 30339525 4 39 theme removal 718:724 arg1 efficiency 726:735 over 95% removal efficiency 709:735 over 95% removal efficiency 709:735 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 1 40 theme nanotubes 243:251 arg1 composites 262:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites 160:271 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 0 41 theme mesostructured 39:52 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 4 42 theme solutions 852:860 arg1 mL 827:828 60 mL 824:828 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 824:860 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 6 43 theme reusability 1064:1074 arg1 studies 1076:1082 the stability and reusability studies 1046:1082 studies 1076:1082 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 2 44 theme X-ray 455:459 arg1 diffraction 461:471 X-ray diffraction 455:471 X-ray diffraction 455:471 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 0 45 theme multi-walled 68:79 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 1 46 theme aqueous 333:339 arg1 solution 341:348 aqueous solution 333:348 aqueous solution 333:348 In this work, the novel β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were synthesized and applied for the removal of parabens in aqueous solution. 30339525 5 47 theme solution 867:874 arg1 pH 876:877 The solution pH 863:877 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 863:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 48 from 9 902:902 arg1 pH 876:877 The solution pH 863:877 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 863:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 48 from 9 902:902 arg1 range 886:890 the range 882:890 the range from 5 to 9 882:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 3 49 theme amount 554:559 arg1 effects 539:545 The effects 535:545 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions 535:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 0 50 theme coated 61:66 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 6 51 from water 1206:1210 arg1 removal 1181:1187 the removal 1177:1187 the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency 1177:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 3 52 theme water 642:646 arg1 solutions 648:656 water solutions 642:656 water solutions 642:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 5 53 from pH 876:877 arg1 range 886:890 the range 882:890 the range from 5 to 9 882:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 53 from pH 876:877 arg1 9 902:902 9 902:902 9 902:902 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 2 54 theme MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD 364:379 arg1 composites 381:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 351:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 351:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 4 55 theme μg/mL 837:841 arg1 solutions 852:860 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 833:860 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 833:860 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 4 56 dep efficiency 726:735 arg1 % 716:716 % 716:716 % 716:716 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 4 57 theme 0.5 833:835 arg1 μg/mL 837:841 μg/mL 837:841 μg/mL 837:841 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 3 58 from effects 539:545 arg1 efficiency 614:623 the removal efficiency 602:623 the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions 602:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 2 59 theme prepared 355:362 arg1 composites 381:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 351:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 351:390 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 3 60 from efficiency 614:623 arg1 solutions 648:656 water solutions 642:656 water solutions 642:656 The effects of the amount of adsorbent, pH and elution solvents on the removal efficiency of parabens from water solutions were investigated. 30339525 5 61 theme adsorbents 998:1007 arg1 capacity 973:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 the parabens sorption capacity 951:980 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 61 theme adsorbents 998:1007 arg1 efficiency 936:945 removal efficiency 928:945 removal efficiency 928:945 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 5 62 dep efficiency 936:945 arg1 the 924:926 the 924:926 the 924:926 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 2 63 dep transform 422:430 arg1 infrared 432:439 infrared 432:439 transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis 422:532 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 7 64 theme water 1328:1332 arg1 purification 1334:1345 water purification 1328:1345 water purification 1328:1345 The composites fabricated in this study could become an attractive candidate for water purification. 30339525 4 65 theme MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD 768:783 arg1 adsorbents 785:794 MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents 768:794 MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents 768:794 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 0 66 theme nanotubes 88:96 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 5 67 theme prepared 989:996 arg1 adsorbents 998:1007 the prepared adsorbents 985:1007 the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg 985:1030 The solution pH in the range from 5 to 9 has no influence on the removal efficiency and the parabens sorption capacity of the prepared adsorbents were around 0.75 μg/mg. 30339525 4 68 theme parabens 843:850 arg1 solutions 852:860 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 833:860 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions 833:860 Under the optimized conditions, over 95% removal efficiency was achieved by using 40 mg of MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD adsorbents to absorb the parabens from 60 mL of 0.5 μg/mL parabens solutions. 30339525 2 69 theme scanning 474:481 arg1 microscopy 492:501 scanning electron microscopy 474:501 scanning electron microscopy 474:501 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 30339525 6 70 theme cost-effective 1147:1160 arg1 composites 1132:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites 1102:1141 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 6 70 theme cost-effective 1147:1160 arg1 adsorbents 1162:1171 cost-effective adsorbents 1147:1171 cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency 1147:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 6 71 theme high 1217:1220 arg1 efficiency 1235:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 high regeneration efficiency 1217:1244 Furthermore, the stability and reusability studies demonstrated that the prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites are cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of parabens from water with high regeneration efficiency. 30339525 0 72 theme carbon 81:86 arg1 composites 98:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites 39:107 Fabrication of β-cyclodextrin modified mesostructured silica coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites and application for paraben removal. 30339525 2 73 theme electron 483:490 arg1 microscopy 492:501 scanning electron microscopy 474:501 scanning electron microscopy 474:501 The prepared MWCNTs/SiO2/β-CD composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. 31236419 4 0 dep E. 459:460 arg1 coli 462:465 coli 462:465 coli 462:465 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 3 1 from cells 380:384 arg1 mechanisms 318:327 the mechanisms 314:327 the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells 314:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 4 2 theme O-antigen 498:506 arg1 structures 508:517 O-antigen structures 498:517 O-antigen structures 498:517 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 0 3 theme Cells 60:64 arg1 Activation 37:46 LPS-Induced Activation 25:46 LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells 25:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 0 4 from Role 4:7 arg1 Activation 37:46 LPS-Induced Activation 25:46 LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells 25:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 5 5 theme significant 741:751 arg1 increase 753:760 a significant increase 739:760 a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 739:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 6 6 theme cells 1245:1249 arg1 activation 1222:1231 the LPS-induced activation 1206:1231 the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells 1206:1249 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 6 7 theme LPS-induced 1210:1220 arg1 activation 1222:1231 the LPS-induced activation 1206:1231 the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells 1206:1249 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 5 8 from production 770:779 arg1 concentrations 796:809 concentrations 796:809 concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 796:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 4 9 from effects 429:435 arg1 production 547:556 IFNγ production 542:556 IFNγ production by purified human NK cells 542:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 6 10 theme NK 1242:1243 arg1 cells 1245:1249 human NK cells 1236:1249 human NK cells 1236:1249 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 5 11 dep cells 631:635 arg1 1 625:625 1 625:625 1 625:625 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 12 theme strong 965:970 arg1 influence 972:980 a strong influence 963:980 a strong influence 963:980 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 13 theme serum-free 1104:1113 arg1 media 1115:1119 serum-free media 1104:1119 serum-free media 1104:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 6 14 dep presence 1162:1169 arg1 the 1158:1160 the 1158:1160 the 1158:1160 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 5 15 theme NK 628:629 arg1 cells 631:635 (1) NK cells 624:635 (1) NK cells 624:635 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 3 16 from mechanisms 318:327 arg1 macrophages 361:371 macrophages 361:371 macrophages 361:371 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 3 16 from mechanisms 318:327 arg1 cells 380:384 NK cells 377:384 NK cells 377:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 5 17 from effects 998:1004 arg1 cells 1012:1016 NK cells 1009:1016 NK cells 1009:1016 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 2 18 theme receptor 226:233 arg1 level 204:208 very low level 195:208 very low level of surface TLR4 receptor 195:233 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 3 19 theme NK 377:378 arg1 cells 380:384 NK cells 377:384 NK cells 377:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 6 20 theme acquired 1126:1133 arg1 data 1135:1138 The acquired data 1122:1138 The acquired data 1122:1138 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 3 21 theme LPS 354:356 arg1 action 344:349 stimulating action 332:349 stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells 332:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 2 22 theme TLR4 221:224 arg1 receptor 226:233 surface TLR4 receptor 213:233 surface TLR4 receptor 213:233 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 4 23 theme human 570:574 arg1 cells 579:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 6 24 theme human 1236:1240 arg1 cells 1245:1249 human NK cells 1236:1249 human NK cells 1236:1249 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 5 25 theme saccharide 935:944 arg1 part 946:949 saccharide part 935:949 saccharide part of LPS 935:956 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 26 contain have 958:961 arg2 influence 972:980 a strong influence 963:980 a strong influence 963:980 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 26 contain have 958:961 arg1 structure 922:930 structure 922:930 structure of saccharide part of LPS 922:956 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 26 contain have 958:961 arg1 composition 906:916 the composition 902:916 (3) the composition 898:916 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 1 27 theme NK 67:68 arg1 cells 70:74 NK cells 67:74 NK cells 67:74 NK cells can be stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 31236419 5 28 theme main 590:593 arg1 findings 595:602 The main findings 586:602 The main findings 586:602 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 28 theme main 590:593 arg1 following 613:621 the following 609:621 the following 609:621 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 3 29 theme stimulating 332:342 arg1 action 344:349 stimulating action 332:349 stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells 332:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 5 30 theme NK 1009:1010 arg1 cells 1012:1016 NK cells 1009:1016 NK cells 1009:1016 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 31 from increase 753:760 arg1 production 770:779 IFNγ production 765:779 IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 765:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 2 32 theme LPS 261:263 arg1 stimulation 265:275 the LPS stimulation 257:275 the LPS stimulation 257:275 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 5 33 dep induce 855:860 arg1 those 840:844 those 840:844 those 840:844 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 0 34 theme O-Antigen 12:20 arg1 Role 4:7 The Role 0:7 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells 0:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 4 35 theme LPS 467:469 arg1 forms 450:454 different forms 440:454 different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS 440:537 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 5 36 dep sensitive 647:655 arg1 LPS 697:699 LPS 697:699 LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 697:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 37 dep LPS 725:727 arg1 2 722:722 2 722:722 2 722:722 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 38 theme NK 1092:1093 arg1 cells 1095:1099 NK cells 1092:1099 NK cells in serum-free media 1092:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 39 theme NK 784:785 arg1 cells 787:791 NK cells 784:791 NK cells 784:791 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 4 40 theme mutants 482:488 arg1 forms 450:454 different forms 440:454 different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS 440:537 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 5 41 theme 1000 817:820 arg1 times 822:826 times 822:826 times 822:826 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 2 42 theme human 154:158 arg1 cells 163:167 human NK cells 154:167 human NK cells 154:167 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 4 43 theme IFNγ 542:545 arg1 production 547:556 IFNγ production 542:556 IFNγ production by purified human NK cells 542:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 0 44 theme LPS-Induced 25:35 arg1 Activation 37:46 LPS-Induced Activation 25:46 LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells 25:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 4 45 theme including 472:480 arg1 mutants 482:488 including mutants 472:488 including mutants lacking O-antigen structures 472:517 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 5 46 dep LPS 1027:1029 arg1 4 1024:1024 4 1024:1024 4 1024:1024 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 47 from cells 1095:1099 arg1 media 1115:1119 serum-free media 1104:1119 serum-free media 1104:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 4 48 theme purified 561:568 arg1 cells 579:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 4 49 theme NK 576:577 arg1 cells 579:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 purified human NK cells 561:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 4 50 theme different 440:448 arg1 forms 450:454 different forms 440:454 different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS 440:537 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 2 51 dep express 187:193 arg1 required 244:251 required 244:251 express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation 187:275 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 3 52 theme action 344:349 arg1 mechanisms 318:327 the mechanisms 314:327 the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells 314:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 4 53 theme forms 450:454 arg1 effects 429:435 the effects 425:435 the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells 425:583 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 5 54 theme observed 989:996 arg1 effects 998:1004 its observed effects 985:1004 its observed effects on NK cells 985:1016 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 55 theme cytokine 862:869 arg1 production 871:880 cytokine production 862:880 cytokine production 862:880 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 56 dep composition 906:916 arg1 3 899:899 3 899:899 3 899:899 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 57 theme LPS 954:956 arg1 part 946:949 saccharide part 935:949 saccharide part of LPS 935:956 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 58 theme LPS 675:677 arg1 S-forms 664:670 the S-forms 660:670 the S-forms of LPS 660:677 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 6 59 theme O-antigen 1188:1196 arg1 presence 1162:1169 presence 1162:1169 presence 1162:1169 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 6 59 theme O-antigen 1188:1196 arg1 structure 1175:1183 structure 1175:1183 structure 1175:1183 The acquired data demonstrated that the presence and structure of O-antigen affects the LPS-induced activation of human NK cells. 31236419 5 60 theme part 946:949 arg1 structure 922:930 structure 922:930 structure of saccharide part of LPS 922:956 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 60 theme part 946:949 arg1 composition 906:916 the composition 902:916 (3) the composition 898:916 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 61 dep concentrations 796:809 arg1 times 822:826 times 822:826 times 822:826 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 62 dep times 822:826 arg1 higher 828:833 higher 828:833 higher 828:833 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 4 63 theme E. 459:460 arg1 LPS 467:469 E. coli LPS 459:469 E. coli LPS 459:469 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 5 64 dep O-antigen 709:717 arg1 triggered 729:737 triggered 729:737 triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 729:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 2 65 theme surface 213:219 arg1 receptor 226:233 surface TLR4 receptor 213:233 surface TLR4 receptor 213:233 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 1 66 theme bacterial 97:105 arg1 LPS 128:130 LPS 128:130 LPS 128:130 NK cells can be stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 31236419 1 66 theme bacterial 97:105 arg1 lipopolysaccharides 107:125 bacterial lipopolysaccharides 97:125 bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 97:131 NK cells can be stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 31236419 4 67 theme deacylated 524:533 arg1 LPS 535:537 deacylated LPS 524:537 deacylated LPS 524:537 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31236419 3 68 from macrophages 361:371 arg1 mechanisms 318:327 the mechanisms 314:327 the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells 314:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 5 69 theme cytokine 1069:1076 arg1 production 1078:1087 cytokine production 1069:1087 cytokine production 1069:1087 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 5 70 theme IFNγ 765:768 arg1 production 770:779 IFNγ production 765:779 IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 765:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 0 71 theme NK 57:58 arg1 Cells 60:64 Human NK Cells 51:64 Human NK Cells 51:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 2 72 theme NK 160:161 arg1 cells 163:167 human NK cells 154:167 human NK cells 154:167 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 5 73 dep ability 1050:1056 arg1 trigger 1061:1067 trigger 1061:1067 to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media 1058:1119 The main findings were the following: (1) NK cells were more sensitive to the S-forms of LPS than the R-forms (LPS lacking O-antigen); (2) LPS triggered a significant increase in IFNγ production by NK cells in concentrations about 1000 times higher than those that can induce cytokine production by macrophages; (3) the composition and structure of saccharide part of LPS have a strong influence on its observed effects on NK cells; and (4) LPS fully retained the ability to trigger cytokine production in NK cells in serum-free media. 31236419 0 74 theme Human 51:55 arg1 Cells 60:64 Human NK Cells 51:64 Human NK Cells 51:64 The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells. 31236419 3 75 from action 344:349 arg1 macrophages 361:371 macrophages 361:371 macrophages 361:371 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 3 75 from action 344:349 arg1 cells 380:384 NK cells 377:384 NK cells 377:384 This has led to the assumption that the mechanisms of stimulating action of LPS on macrophages and NK cells differs. 31236419 2 76 theme low 200:202 arg1 level 204:208 very low level 195:208 very low level of surface TLR4 receptor 195:233 Unlike macrophages, human NK cells do not express or express very low level of surface TLR4 receptor normally required for the LPS stimulation. 31236419 4 77 theme LPS 535:537 arg1 forms 450:454 different forms 440:454 different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS 440:537 In this work, we investigated the effects of different forms of E. coli LPS, including mutants lacking O-antigen structures, and deacylated LPS on IFNγ production by purified human NK cells. 31441633 5 0 theme toluene 736:742 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 5 1 dep red 859:861 arg1 to 856:857 to 856:857 to 856:857 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 7 2 theme real-time 1004:1012 arg1 materials 1022:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 This composite has the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials. 31441633 7 3 contain has 963:965 arg1 composite 953:961 This composite 948:961 This composite 948:961 This composite has the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials. 31441633 7 3 contain has 963:965 arg2 potential 971:979 the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials 967:1030 the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials 967:1030 This composite has the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials. 31441633 5 4 theme 3D 745:746 arg1 SMPCF 761:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 5 theme crystal 376:382 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 5 theme crystal 376:382 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 5 6 theme n-butanol 699:707 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 6 7 theme solvent 876:882 arg1 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 6 7 theme solvent 876:882 arg1 SMPCF 894:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 5 8 theme methanol 644:651 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 3 9 theme organic 521:527 arg1 solvents 529:536 organic solvents 521:536 organic solvents 521:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 10 from solvents 529:536 arg1 humidity 467:474 humidity 467:474 humidity 467:474 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 10 from solvents 529:536 arg1 content 510:516 H2O content 506:516 H2O content in organic solvents 506:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 10 from solvents 529:536 arg1 amount 488:493 a trace amount 480:493 a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 480:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 10 from solvents 529:536 arg1 % 500:500 0.02% 496:500 0.02% 496:500 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 4 11 theme types 577:581 arg1 gases 566:570 Volatile organic compounds gases 539:570 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types 539:581 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types were detected. 31441633 6 12 theme organic 868:874 arg1 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 6 12 theme organic 868:874 arg1 SMPCF 894:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 5 13 from red 859:861 arg1 changes 837:843 instantaneously color changes 815:843 instantaneously color changes from green to red 815:861 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 3 14 used utilized 431:438 arg2 color 413:417 The brilliant color 399:417 The brilliant color of SMPCF 399:426 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 15 theme amount 488:493 arg1 detection 454:462 naked-eye detection 444:462 naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 444:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 5 16 theme carbon 710:715 arg1 tetrachloride 717:729 carbon tetrachloride 710:729 carbon tetrachloride 710:729 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 17 theme nanocolloidal 295:307 arg1 arrays 309:314 polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays 283:314 polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays 283:314 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 3 18 theme naked-eye 444:452 arg1 detection 454:462 naked-eye detection 444:462 naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 444:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 5 19 theme tetrachloride 717:729 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 3 20 theme SMPCF 422:426 arg1 color 413:417 The brilliant color 399:417 The brilliant color of SMPCF 399:426 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 2 21 theme polystyrene 283:293 arg1 arrays 309:314 polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays 283:314 polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays 283:314 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 3 22 from amount 488:493 arg1 solvents 529:536 organic solvents 521:536 organic solvents 521:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 2 23 theme inverse 333:339 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 23 theme inverse 333:339 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 7 24 theme sensing 1014:1020 arg1 materials 1022:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 This composite has the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials. 31441633 3 25 theme brilliant 403:411 arg1 color 413:417 The brilliant color 399:417 The brilliant color of SMPCF 399:426 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 4 26 theme Volatile 539:546 arg1 gases 566:570 Volatile organic compounds gases 539:570 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types 539:581 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types were detected. 31441633 5 27 theme organic 624:630 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 1 28 theme wearable 100:107 arg1 composite 132:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite is reported. 31441633 5 29 theme excellent 780:788 arg1 performance 798:808 an excellent sensing performance 777:808 an excellent sensing performance 777:808 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 5 30 theme ethanol 677:683 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 31 theme opal 324:327 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 31 theme opal 324:327 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 5 32 theme sensing 790:796 arg1 performance 798:808 an excellent sensing performance 777:808 an excellent sensing performance 777:808 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 4 33 theme compounds 556:564 arg1 gases 566:570 Volatile organic compounds gases 539:570 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types 539:581 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types were detected. 31441633 3 34 theme content 510:516 arg1 humidity 467:474 humidity 467:474 humidity 467:474 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 34 theme content 510:516 arg1 content 510:516 H2O content 506:516 H2O content in organic solvents 506:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 34 theme content 510:516 arg1 amount 488:493 a trace amount 480:493 a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 480:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 34 theme content 510:516 arg1 % 500:500 0.02% 496:500 0.02% 496:500 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 1 35 theme fibroin/cellulose 114:130 arg1 composite 132:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite is reported. 31441633 0 36 theme Silk 41:44 arg1 Composite 64:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 4 37 theme organic 548:554 arg1 gases 566:570 Volatile organic compounds gases 539:570 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types 539:581 Volatile organic compounds gases of 5 types were detected. 31441633 5 38 theme isopropanol 686:696 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 5 39 theme instantaneously 815:829 arg1 changes 837:843 instantaneously color changes 815:843 instantaneously color changes from green to red 815:861 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 0 40 theme Wearable 32:39 arg1 Composite 64:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 5 41 theme inverse 748:754 arg1 SMPCF 761:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 5 42 theme color 831:835 arg1 changes 837:843 instantaneously color changes 815:843 instantaneously color changes from green to red 815:861 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 3 43 theme humidity 467:474 arg1 detection 454:462 naked-eye detection 444:462 naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 444:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 0 44 theme Composite 64:72 arg1 Functionalization 11:27 Functionalization 11:27 Functionalization 11:27 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 0 44 theme Composite 64:72 arg1 Dyeing 0:5 Dyeing 0:5 Dyeing 0:5 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 5 45 theme acetonitrile 654:665 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 46 theme two-dimensional 237:251 arg1 poly 253:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly 211:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) 211:277 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 46 theme two-dimensional 237:251 arg1 methacrylate 265:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 3 47 from humidity 467:474 arg1 solvents 529:536 organic solvents 521:536 organic solvents 521:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 2 48 theme photonic 367:374 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 48 theme photonic 367:374 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 0 49 theme Fibroin/Cellulose 46:62 arg1 Composite 64:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite 32:72 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 3 50 theme trace 482:486 arg1 content 510:516 H2O content 506:516 H2O content in organic solvents 506:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 50 theme trace 482:486 arg1 amount 488:493 a trace amount 480:493 a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents 480:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 50 theme trace 482:486 arg1 % 500:500 0.02% 496:500 0.02% 496:500 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 6 51 theme sensitive 884:892 arg1 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 wearable 904:911 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 6 51 theme sensitive 884:892 arg1 SMPCF 894:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF 864:898 The organic solvent sensitive SMPCF are wearable by integrated into a rubber glove. 31441633 2 52 theme methylcellulose 351:365 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 52 theme methylcellulose 351:365 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 5 53 theme acetone 668:674 arg1 solvents 632:639 organic solvents 624:639 organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene 624:742 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 54 theme silk 346:349 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 54 theme silk 346:349 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 1 55 theme silk 109:112 arg1 composite 132:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite 98:140 A wearable silk fibroin/cellulose composite is reported. 31441633 7 56 theme wearable 995:1002 arg1 materials 1022:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 wearable real-time sensing materials 995:1030 This composite has the potential to be used in wearable real-time sensing materials. 31441633 2 57 theme opal 341:344 arg1 films 384:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films 324:388 opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF) 324:396 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 57 theme opal 341:344 arg1 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 SMPCF 391:395 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 58 dep three-dimensional 211:227 arg1 3D 230:231 3D 230:231 3D 230:231 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 0 59 theme Nanocolloidal 77:89 arg1 Array 91:95 Nanocolloidal Array 77:95 Nanocolloidal Array 77:95 Dyeing and Functionalization of Wearable Silk Fibroin/Cellulose Composite by Nanocolloidal Array. 31441633 2 60 theme three-dimensional 211:227 arg1 poly 253:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly 211:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) 211:277 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 60 theme three-dimensional 211:227 arg1 methacrylate 265:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 5 61 theme opal 756:759 arg1 SMPCF 761:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 3D inverse opal SMPCF 745:765 By alternately exposed to organic solvents of methanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, carbon tetrachloride, and toluene, 3D inverse opal SMPCF displayed an excellent sensing performance with instantaneously color changes from green to red. 31441633 2 62 theme methyl 258:263 arg1 poly 253:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly 211:256 three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) 211:277 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 2 62 theme methyl 258:263 arg1 methacrylate 265:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 methyl methacrylate 258:276 It is structurally dyed and functionalized by embedding three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene nanocolloidal arrays to form opal and inverse opal silk methylcellulose photonic crystal films (SMPCF). 31441633 3 63 theme H2O 506:508 arg1 content 510:516 H2O content 506:516 H2O content in organic solvents 506:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 31441633 3 64 from content 510:516 arg1 solvents 529:536 organic solvents 521:536 organic solvents 521:536 The brilliant color of SMPCF is utilized for naked-eye detection of humidity and a trace amount (0.02%) of H2O content in organic solvents. 29730575 0 0 theme cellulosic 93:102 arg1 paper 104:108 cellulosic paper 93:108 cellulosic paper 93:108 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 7 1 theme Gram-negative 1362:1374 arg1 bacteria 1376:1383 both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu 1357:1427 both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu 1357:1427 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 1 2 theme cellulosic 160:169 arg1 paper 171:175 cellulosic paper 160:175 cellulosic paper 160:175 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 6 3 theme blank 1189:1193 arg1 paper 1206:1210 blank cellulosic paper 1189:1210 blank cellulosic paper 1189:1210 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 5 4 theme thermal 851:857 arg1 stabilities 859:869 The thermal stabilities 847:869 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers 847:890 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 7 5 theme bacteria 1376:1383 arg1 inhibition 1343:1352 effectively growth inhibition 1324:1352 effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu 1324:1427 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 4 6 theme fibers 804:809 arg1 surface 783:789 the surface 779:789 the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers 779:844 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 1 7 theme paper 171:175 arg1 surface 149:155 the surface 145:155 the surface of cellulosic paper 145:175 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 5 8 from SA 1005:1006 arg1 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 6 9 theme coated 1106:1111 arg1 paper 1113:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 4 10 theme pores 819:823 arg1 surface 783:789 the surface 779:789 the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers 779:844 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 4 11 theme ZnO 697:699 arg1 particles 701:709 the ZnO particles 693:709 the ZnO particles 693:709 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 3 12 theme ZnO/SA 520:525 arg1 viscosity 507:515 the viscosity 503:515 the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA 503:651 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 7 13 theme growth 1336:1341 arg1 inhibition 1343:1352 effectively growth inhibition 1324:1352 effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu 1324:1427 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 4 14 theme EDS 662:664 arg1 mapping 666:672 EDS mapping 662:672 EDS mapping 662:672 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 3 15 theme molecular 448:456 arg1 chains 458:463 SA molecular chains 445:463 SA molecular chains 445:463 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 5 16 from stability 992:1000 arg1 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 4 17 theme SEM 654:656 arg1 images 674:679 SEM and EDS mapping images 654:679 SEM and EDS mapping images 654:679 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 7 18 theme composite 1272:1280 arg1 coating 1282:1288 the ZnO/SA composite coating 1261:1288 the ZnO/SA composite coating 1261:1288 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 7 19 theme cellulosic 1302:1311 arg1 paper 1313:1317 the cellulosic paper 1298:1317 the cellulosic paper 1298:1317 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 7 20 theme antibacterial 1217:1229 arg1 tests 1240:1244 The antibacterial activity tests 1213:1244 The antibacterial activity tests 1213:1244 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 5 21 theme effect 1026:1031 arg1 stability 992:1000 the low thermal stability 976:1000 the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 976:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 3 22 theme rheology 375:382 arg1 test 384:387 The rheology test 371:387 The rheology test 371:387 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 6 23 theme Young 1070:1074 arg1 modulus 1078:1084 Young's modulus 1070:1084 Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1070:1117 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 5 24 from SA 1043:1044 arg1 stability 992:1000 the low thermal stability 976:1000 the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 976:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 1 25 theme numerous 181:188 arg1 applications 200:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 5 26 from effect 1026:1031 arg1 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 SA 1043:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 4 27 theme cellulose 794:802 arg1 fibers 804:809 cellulose fibers 794:809 cellulose fibers 794:809 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 3 28 theme composite 527:535 arg1 coating 537:543 composite coating 527:543 composite coating 527:543 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 5 29 theme catalytic 1016:1024 arg1 effect 1026:1031 the catalytic effect 1012:1031 the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 1012:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 1 30 theme potential 190:198 arg1 applications 200:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 6 31 theme composite 1096:1104 arg1 paper 1113:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 7 32 dep bacteria 1376:1383 arg1 coli 1388:1391 E. coli 1385:1391 E. coli 1385:1391 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 7 32 dep bacteria 1376:1383 arg1 bacteria 1411:1418 Gram-positive bacteria 1397:1418 Gram-positive bacteria 1397:1418 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 5 33 theme thermal 984:990 arg1 stability 992:1000 the low thermal stability 976:1000 the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 976:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 4 34 theme mapping 666:672 arg1 images 674:679 SEM and EDS mapping images 654:679 SEM and EDS mapping images 654:679 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 5 35 theme cellulosic 936:945 arg1 paper 947:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 7 36 theme activity 1231:1238 arg1 tests 1240:1244 The antibacterial activity tests 1213:1244 The antibacterial activity tests 1213:1244 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 5 37 theme papers 885:890 arg1 stabilities 859:869 The thermal stabilities 847:869 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers 847:890 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 0 38 theme antibacterial 15:27 arg1 performance 29:39 antibacterial performance 15:39 antibacterial performance 15:39 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 7 39 dep coli 1388:1391 arg1 aureu 1423:1427 aureu 1423:1427 aureu 1423:1427 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 5 40 theme coated 878:883 arg1 papers 885:890 the coated papers 874:890 the coated papers 874:890 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 2 41 theme disperse 278:285 arg1 Zn2+ 287:290 disperse Zn2+ 278:290 disperse Zn2+ 278:290 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 0 42 theme sodium 44:49 arg1 coating 81:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 2 43 theme oxide 314:318 arg1 agents 363:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 43 theme oxide 314:318 arg1 particles 326:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 3 44 theme high 605:608 arg1 rate 616:619 the high shear rate 601:619 the high shear rate region 601:626 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 7 45 theme ZnO/SA 1265:1270 arg1 coating 1282:1288 the ZnO/SA composite coating 1261:1288 the ZnO/SA composite coating 1261:1288 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 6 46 theme cellulosic 1195:1204 arg1 paper 1206:1210 blank cellulosic paper 1189:1210 blank cellulosic paper 1189:1210 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 5 47 theme SA 1005:1006 arg1 stability 992:1000 the low thermal stability 976:1000 the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 976:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 2 48 theme sodium 235:240 arg1 binder 268:273 a binder 266:273 a binder to disperse Zn2+ 266:290 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 48 theme sodium 235:240 arg1 SA 252:253 SA 252:253 SA 252:253 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 48 theme sodium 235:240 arg1 alginate 242:249 sodium alginate 235:249 sodium alginate (SA) 235:254 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 0 49 theme oxide 65:69 arg1 coating 81:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 4 50 theme cellulosic 828:837 arg1 papers 839:844 cellulosic papers 828:844 cellulosic papers 828:844 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 1 51 contain has 177:179 arg2 applications 200:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 numerous potential applications 181:211 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 1 51 contain has 177:179 arg1 Coating 111:117 Coating 111:117 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper 111:175 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 7 52 with endowed 1290:1296 arg1 inhibition 1343:1352 effectively growth inhibition 1324:1352 effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu 1324:1427 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 1 53 theme antibacterial 122:134 arg1 layer 136:140 antibacterial layer 122:140 antibacterial layer 122:140 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 0 54 theme alginate/zinc 51:63 arg1 coating 81:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 5 55 theme ZnO 1036:1038 arg1 effect 1026:1031 the catalytic effect 1012:1031 the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 1012:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 5 55 theme ZnO 1036:1038 arg1 SA 1005:1006 SA 1005:1006 SA 1005:1006 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 2 56 theme present 221:227 arg1 work 229:232 the present work 217:232 the present work 217:232 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 3 57 theme aqueous 472:478 arg1 solution 480:487 the aqueous solution 468:487 the aqueous solution 468:487 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 1 58 theme layer 136:140 arg1 Coating 111:117 Coating 111:117 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper 111:175 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 1 59 from Coating 111:117 arg1 surface 149:155 the surface 145:155 the surface of cellulosic paper 145:175 Coating of antibacterial layer on the surface of cellulosic paper has numerous potential applications. 29730575 6 60 theme ZnO/SA 1089:1094 arg1 paper 1113:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1089:1117 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 6 61 theme paper 1113:1117 arg1 stress 1059:1064 The tensile stress 1047:1064 The tensile stress 1047:1064 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 6 61 theme paper 1113:1117 arg1 modulus 1078:1084 Young's modulus 1070:1084 Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper 1070:1117 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 5 62 theme original 921:928 arg1 paper 947:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 3 63 theme low 562:564 arg1 rate 572:575 the low shear rate 558:575 the low shear rate region 558:582 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 2 64 theme zinc 309:312 arg1 oxide 314:318 the prepared zinc oxide 296:318 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 64 theme zinc 309:312 arg1 ZnO 321:323 ZnO 321:323 ZnO 321:323 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 6 65 theme tensile 1051:1057 arg1 stress 1059:1064 The tensile stress 1047:1064 The tensile stress 1047:1064 The tensile stress and Young's modulus of ZnO/SA composite coated paper increased up 39.5% and 30.7%, respectively, as compared with those of blank cellulosic paper. 29730575 4 66 theme papers 839:844 arg1 fibers 804:809 cellulose fibers 794:809 cellulose fibers 794:809 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 4 66 theme papers 839:844 arg1 pores 819:823 the pores 815:823 the pores of cellulosic papers 815:844 SEM and EDS mapping images showed that the ZnO particles were prepared successfully at 120 °C and dispersed homogeneously on the surface of cellulose fibers and the pores of cellulosic papers. 29730575 3 67 theme shear 610:614 arg1 rate 616:619 the high shear rate 601:619 the high shear rate region 601:626 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 5 68 theme blank 930:934 arg1 paper 947:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 the original blank cellulosic paper 917:951 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 2 69 used used 341:344 arg2 particles 326:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 69 used used 341:344 arg2 agents 363:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 70 theme prepared 300:307 arg1 oxide 314:318 the prepared zinc oxide 296:318 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 70 theme prepared 300:307 arg1 ZnO 321:323 ZnO 321:323 ZnO 321:323 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 5 71 theme low 980:982 arg1 stability 992:1000 the low thermal stability 976:1000 the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA 976:1044 The thermal stabilities of the coated papers decreased as compared to the original blank cellulosic paper, which was ascribed to the low thermal stability of SA and the catalytic effect of ZnO on SA. 29730575 3 72 theme SA 445:446 arg1 chains 458:463 SA molecular chains 445:463 SA molecular chains 445:463 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 0 73 theme coating 81:87 arg1 Rhelogical 0:9 Rhelogical 0:9 Rhelogical 0:9 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 0 73 theme coating 81:87 arg1 performance 29:39 antibacterial performance 15:39 antibacterial performance 15:39 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 3 74 theme rate 616:619 arg1 region 621:626 the high shear rate region 601:626 the high shear rate region 601:626 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 3 75 theme shear 566:570 arg1 rate 572:575 the low shear rate 558:575 the low shear rate region 558:582 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 2 76 theme antibacterial 349:361 arg1 agents 363:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 antibacterial agents 349:368 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 2 76 theme antibacterial 349:361 arg1 particles 326:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles 296:334 In the present work, sodium alginate (SA) served as a binder to disperse Zn2+ and the prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) particles were used as antibacterial agents. 29730575 7 77 theme Gram-positive 1397:1409 arg1 bacteria 1411:1418 Gram-positive bacteria 1397:1418 Gram-positive bacteria 1397:1418 The antibacterial activity tests indicated that the ZnO/SA composite coating endowed the cellulosic paper with effectively growth inhibition of both Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureu. 29730575 0 78 theme composite 71:79 arg1 coating 81:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating 44:87 Rhelogical and antibacterial performance of sodium alginate/zinc oxide composite coating for cellulosic paper. 29730575 3 79 theme pure 645:648 arg1 SA 650:651 pure SA 645:651 pure SA 645:651 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 3 80 theme rate 572:575 arg1 region 577:582 the low shear rate region 558:582 the low shear rate region 558:582 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 3 81 dep ZnO/SA 520:525 arg1 decreased 588:596 decreased 588:596 decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA 588:651 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29730575 3 81 dep ZnO/SA 520:525 arg1 increased 545:553 increased 545:553 increased in the low shear rate region 545:582 The rheology test revealed that there were cross-linking between Zn2+ and SA molecular chains in the aqueous solution, resulting in the viscosity of ZnO/SA composite coating increased in the low shear rate region and decreased in the high shear rate region as compared with pure SA. 29676206 12 0 theme AV 1765:1766 arg1 implantation 1775:1786 AV bundle implantation 1765:1786 AV bundle implantation 1765:1786 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 6 1 theme intramuscular 1029:1041 arg1 pockets 1043:1049 intramuscular pockets 1029:1049 intramuscular pockets 1029:1049 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 3 2 theme morphogenetic 620:632 arg1 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 2 theme morphogenetic 620:632 arg1 protein-2 634:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 597:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) 597:652 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 3 theme poly 464:467 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 15 4 theme vascular 2234:2241 arg1 supply 2243:2248 low vascular supply 2230:2248 low vascular supply 2230:2248 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 10 5 theme good 1530:1533 arg1 cytocompatibility 1535:1551 good cytocompatibility 1530:1551 good cytocompatibility 1530:1551 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold had good cytocompatibility. 29676206 7 6 theme Group 1055:1059 arg1 scaffold+rhBMP-2 1065:1080 scaffold+rhBMP-2 1065:1080 scaffold+rhBMP-2 1065:1080 In Group SB (scaffold+rhBMP-2), the composite was directly implanted into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 7 6 theme Group 1055:1059 arg1 SB 1061:1062 Group SB 1055:1062 Group SB (scaffold+rhBMP-2) 1055:1081 In Group SB (scaffold+rhBMP-2), the composite was directly implanted into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 15 7 theme low 2230:2232 arg1 supply 2243:2248 low vascular supply 2230:2248 low vascular supply 2230:2248 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 14 8 theme microsurgical 2101:2113 arg1 techniques 2115:2124 microsurgical techniques 2101:2124 microsurgical techniques 2101:2124 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 12 9 dep groups 1683:1688 arg1 groups 1683:1688 groups SBV and SB 1683:1699 groups SBV and SB 1683:1699 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 12 9 dep groups 1683:1688 arg1 SB 1698:1699 SB 1698:1699 SB 1698:1699 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 12 9 dep groups 1683:1688 arg1 SBV 1690:1692 SBV 1690:1692 SBV 1690:1692 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 3 10 theme β-TCP 523:527 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 8 11 dep analysis 1189:1196 arg1 X-rays 1199:1204 X-rays 1199:1204 X-rays 1199:1204 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 8 11 dep analysis 1189:1196 arg1 tomography 1224:1233 microcomputed tomography 1210:1233 microcomputed tomography 1210:1233 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 0 12 theme Bundle 130:135 arg1 Release 54:60 Sustained Release 44:60 Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle 44:135 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 3 13 theme phosphate 512:520 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 9 14 theme Microfil 1406:1413 arg1 analysis 1396:1403 analysis 1396:1403 analysis (Microfil angiography) 1396:1426 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 9 14 theme Microfil 1406:1413 arg1 angiography 1415:1425 Microfil angiography 1406:1425 Microfil angiography 1406:1425 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 11 15 from formation 1567:1575 arg1 scaffold 1584:1591 the scaffold 1580:1591 the scaffold 1580:1591 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold could be successfully induced by the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs. 29676206 9 16 theme histological 1432:1443 arg1 analysis 1445:1452 histological analysis 1432:1452 histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining) 1432:1488 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 9 16 theme histological 1432:1443 arg1 staining 1480:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 4 17 theme degradable 657:666 arg1 scaffold 686:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 3 18 theme arteriovenous 567:579 arg1 bundle 586:591 an arteriovenous (AV) bundle 564:591 an arteriovenous (AV) bundle 564:591 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 5 19 theme bone 876:879 arg1 formation 881:889 ectopic bone formation 868:889 ectopic bone formation 868:889 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 15 20 theme new 2141:2143 arg1 strategy 2165:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 8 21 theme Hematoxylin 1263:1273 arg1 staining 1285:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 5 22 theme rhBMP-2 776:782 arg1 CMs 807:809 CMs 807:809 CMs 807:809 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 5 22 theme rhBMP-2 776:782 arg1 microspheres 793:804 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres 776:804 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) 776:810 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 9 23 theme immunohistochemical 1460:1478 arg1 analysis 1445:1452 histological analysis 1432:1452 histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining) 1432:1488 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 9 23 theme immunohistochemical 1460:1478 arg1 staining 1480:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 14 24 theme vascular 2063:2070 arg1 system 2072:2077 the vascular system 2059:2077 the vascular system of the bone defect 2059:2096 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 8 25 theme Eosin 1279:1283 arg1 staining 1285:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 0 26 theme Human 77:81 arg1 Protein-2 102:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 6 27 theme femoral 934:940 arg1 bundle 945:950 a femoral AV bundle 932:950 a femoral AV bundle 932:950 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 0 28 theme Morphogenetic 88:100 arg1 Protein-2 102:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 14 29 theme bone 1968:1971 arg1 formation 1973:1981 bone formation 1968:1981 bone formation of the construct 1968:1998 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 15 30 theme potential 2145:2153 arg1 strategy 2165:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 4 31 theme 3D 720:721 arg1 plotting 723:730 3D plotting 720:730 3D plotting 720:730 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 13 32 theme rhBMP-2-induced 1817:1831 arg1 formation 1838:1846 rhBMP-2-induced bone formation 1817:1846 rhBMP-2-induced bone formation 1817:1846 Moreover, rhBMP-2-induced bone formation was also significantly improved by the AV bundle at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 3 33 theme vascularized 389:400 arg1 flap 407:410 a vascularized bone flap 387:410 a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 387:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 7 34 theme intramuscular 1126:1138 arg1 pockets 1140:1146 intramuscular pockets 1126:1146 intramuscular pockets 1126:1146 In Group SB (scaffold+rhBMP-2), the composite was directly implanted into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 14 35 theme vascular 2029:2036 arg1 axis 2038:2041 a defined vascular axis 2019:2041 a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques 2019:2124 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 4 36 theme PLGA/β-TCP 675:684 arg1 scaffold 686:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 2 37 theme construct 347:355 arg1 region 324:329 the central region 312:329 the central region of a large bone construct 312:355 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 10 38 contain had 1526:1528 arg2 cytocompatibility 1535:1551 good cytocompatibility 1530:1551 good cytocompatibility 1530:1551 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold had good cytocompatibility. 29676206 10 38 contain had 1526:1528 arg1 scaffold 1517:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold had good cytocompatibility. 29676206 3 39 from scaffold 530:537 arg1 flap 407:410 a vascularized bone flap 387:410 a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 387:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 0 40 theme Vascularized 15:26 arg1 Flaps 33:37 Vascularized Bone Flaps 15:37 Vascularized Bone Flaps 15:37 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 3 41 theme bundle 586:591 arg1 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 41 theme bundle 586:591 arg1 protein-2 634:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 597:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) 597:652 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 41 theme bundle 586:591 arg1 combination 549:559 the combination 545:559 the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle 545:591 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 0 42 theme Flaps 33:37 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 0:136 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 15 43 theme large 2184:2188 arg1 defects 2195:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 3 44 theme AV 582:583 arg1 bundle 586:591 an arteriovenous (AV) bundle 564:591 an arteriovenous (AV) bundle 564:591 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 2 45 theme central 316:322 arg1 region 324:329 the central region 312:329 the central region of a large bone construct 312:355 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 0 46 theme Sustained 44:52 arg1 Release 54:60 Sustained Release 44:60 Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle 44:135 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 3 47 theme bone 615:618 arg1 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 47 theme bone 615:618 arg1 protein-2 634:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 597:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) 597:652 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 0 48 with Fabrication 0:10 arg1 Release 54:60 Sustained Release 44:60 Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle 44:135 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 1 49 theme common 146:151 arg1 It 138:139 It 138:139 It 138:139 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 1 49 theme common 146:151 arg1 strategy 163:170 a common treatment strategy 144:170 a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect 144:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 10 50 theme PLGA/β-TCP 1506:1515 arg1 scaffold 1517:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold had good cytocompatibility. 29676206 3 51 theme recombinant 597:607 arg1 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 51 theme recombinant 597:607 arg1 protein-2 634:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 597:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) 597:652 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 4 52 theme low-temperature 738:752 arg1 technique 765:773 a low-temperature deposition technique 736:773 a low-temperature deposition technique 736:773 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 2 53 theme large 336:340 arg1 construct 347:355 a large bone construct 334:355 a large bone construct 334:355 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 12 54 theme bundle 1768:1773 arg1 implantation 1775:1786 AV bundle implantation 1765:1786 AV bundle implantation 1765:1786 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 3 55 theme biodegradable 450:462 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 1 56 theme bone 237:240 arg1 defect 242:247 a large bone defect 229:247 a large bone defect 229:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 12 57 theme composite 1725:1733 arg1 vascularization 1702:1716 vascularization 1702:1716 vascularization of the composite 1702:1733 Comparing groups SBV and SB, vascularization of the composite was significantly enhanced by AV bundle implantation at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 3 58 theme PLGA 492:495 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 11 59 theme controlled 1630:1639 arg1 release 1641:1647 the controlled release 1626:1647 the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs 1626:1670 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold could be successfully induced by the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs. 29676206 2 60 theme blood 285:289 arg1 vessels 291:297 peripheral blood vessels 274:297 peripheral blood vessels 274:297 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 5 61 theme chitosan 784:791 arg1 CMs 807:809 CMs 807:809 CMs 807:809 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 5 61 theme chitosan 784:791 arg1 microspheres 793:804 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres 776:804 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) 776:810 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 14 62 theme bone 2086:2089 arg1 defect 2091:2096 the bone defect 2082:2096 the bone defect 2082:2096 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 1 63 theme vascularized 202:213 arg1 flap 220:223 a vascularized bone flap 200:223 a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect 200:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 8 64 theme Bone 1149:1152 arg1 formation 1154:1162 Bone formation 1149:1162 Bone formation 1149:1162 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 6 65 theme Group 895:899 arg1 scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel 906:928 scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel 906:928 scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel 906:928 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 6 65 theme Group 895:899 arg1 SBV 901:903 Group SBV 895:903 Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel) 895:929 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 8 66 theme microcomputed 1210:1222 arg1 tomography 1224:1233 microcomputed tomography 1210:1233 microcomputed tomography 1210:1233 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 15 67 theme treatment 2155:2163 arg1 strategy 2165:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 a new potential treatment strategy 2139:2172 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 5 68 theme ectopic 868:874 arg1 formation 881:889 ectopic bone formation 868:889 ectopic bone formation 868:889 rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres (CMs) were fabricated and loaded into the scaffolds to induce ectopic bone formation. 29676206 3 69 theme /β-tri-calcium 497:510 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 11 70 theme Ectopic 1554:1560 arg1 formation 1567:1575 Ectopic bone formation 1554:1575 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold 1554:1591 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold could be successfully induced by the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs. 29676206 8 71 theme histological 1240:1251 arg1 analysis 1253:1260 histological analysis 1240:1260 histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) 1240:1313 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 13 72 theme AV 1887:1888 arg1 bundle 1890:1895 the AV bundle 1883:1895 the AV bundle 1883:1895 Moreover, rhBMP-2-induced bone formation was also significantly improved by the AV bundle at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 0 73 theme Recombinant 65:75 arg1 Protein-2 102:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 9 74 theme CD31 1455:1458 arg1 analysis 1445:1452 histological analysis 1432:1452 histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining) 1432:1488 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 9 74 theme CD31 1455:1458 arg1 staining 1480:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 CD31 immunohistochemical staining 1455:1487 Vascularization was also assessed by imaging analysis (Microfil angiography) and histological analysis (CD31 immunohistochemical staining). 29676206 14 75 theme defect 2091:2096 arg1 system 2072:2077 the vascular system 2059:2077 the vascular system of the bone defect 2059:2096 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 0 76 theme Bone 83:86 arg1 Protein-2 102:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 65:110 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 1 77 theme treatment 153:161 arg1 It 138:139 It 138:139 It 138:139 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 1 77 theme treatment 153:161 arg1 strategy 163:170 a common treatment strategy 144:170 a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect 144:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 6 78 theme AV 942:943 arg1 bundle 945:950 a femoral AV bundle 932:950 a femoral AV bundle 932:950 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 0 79 theme Protein-2 102:110 arg1 Release 54:60 Sustained Release 44:60 Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle 44:135 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 1 80 from strategy 163:170 arg1 clinic 179:184 the clinic 175:184 the clinic 175:184 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 2 81 theme peripheral 274:283 arg1 vessels 291:297 peripheral blood vessels 274:297 peripheral blood vessels 274:297 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 0 82 theme Arteriovenous 116:128 arg1 Bundle 130:135 Arteriovenous Bundle 116:135 Arteriovenous Bundle 116:135 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 8 83 theme Masson 1298:1303 arg1 staining 1305:1312 Masson staining 1298:1312 Masson staining 1298:1312 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 13 84 theme bone 1833:1836 arg1 formation 1838:1846 rhBMP-2-induced bone formation 1817:1846 rhBMP-2-induced bone formation 1817:1846 Moreover, rhBMP-2-induced bone formation was also significantly improved by the AV bundle at 4 and 12 weeks. 29676206 3 85 theme bone 402:405 arg1 flap 407:410 a vascularized bone flap 387:410 a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 387:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 6 86 theme composite 997:1005 arg1 tunnel 983:988 the central tunnel 971:988 the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets 971:1049 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 14 87 theme defined 2021:2027 arg1 axis 2038:2041 a defined vascular axis 2019:2041 a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques 2019:2124 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 4 88 theme porous 668:673 arg1 scaffold 686:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 655:693 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 2 89 theme bone 342:345 arg1 construct 347:355 a large bone construct 334:355 a large bone construct 334:355 But it is difficult for peripheral blood vessels to grow into the central region of a large bone construct. 29676206 0 90 theme Bone 28:31 arg1 Flaps 33:37 Vascularized Bone Flaps 15:37 Vascularized Bone Flaps 15:37 Fabrication of Vascularized Bone Flaps with Sustained Release of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Arteriovenous Bundle. 29676206 3 91 theme three-dimensional 419:435 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 14 92 theme AV 1920:1921 arg1 bundle 1923:1928 The AV bundle 1916:1928 The AV bundle 1916:1928 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 6 93 theme central 975:981 arg1 tunnel 983:988 the central tunnel 971:988 the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets 971:1049 In Group SBV (scaffold+rhBMP-2+vessel), a femoral AV bundle was implanted into the central tunnel of the composite before embedding into intramuscular pockets. 29676206 11 94 theme rhBMP-2 1652:1658 arg1 release 1641:1647 the controlled release 1626:1647 the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs 1626:1670 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold could be successfully induced by the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs. 29676206 4 95 theme deposition 754:763 arg1 technique 765:773 a low-temperature deposition technique 736:773 a low-temperature deposition technique 736:773 A degradable porous PLGA/β-TCP scaffold was prepared by adopting 3D plotting and a low-temperature deposition technique. 29676206 11 96 theme bone 1562:1565 arg1 formation 1567:1575 Ectopic bone formation 1554:1575 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold 1554:1591 Ectopic bone formation in the scaffold could be successfully induced by the controlled release of rhBMP-2 through CMs. 29676206 15 97 theme bone 2190:2193 arg1 defects 2195:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 14 98 theme construct 1990:1998 arg1 vascularization 1948:1962 vascularization 1948:1962 vascularization 1948:1962 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 14 98 theme construct 1990:1998 arg1 formation 1973:1981 bone formation 1968:1981 bone formation of the construct 1968:1998 The AV bundle not only improved vascularization and bone formation of the construct, but also provided a defined vascular axis to connect with the vascular system of the bone defect by microsurgical techniques. 29676206 3 99 theme human 609:613 arg1 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 rhBMP-2 645:651 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 99 theme human 609:613 arg1 protein-2 634:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 597:642 recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) 597:652 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 3 100 theme -printed 441:448 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 15 101 theme repair 2177:2182 arg1 defects 2195:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 repair large bone defects 2177:2201 It provided a new potential treatment strategy to repair large bone defects, especially for those with low vascular supply. 29676206 8 102 dep analysis 1253:1260 arg1 staining 1285:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Hematoxylin and Eosin staining 1263:1292 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 8 102 dep analysis 1253:1260 arg1 staining 1305:1312 Masson staining 1298:1312 Masson staining 1298:1312 Bone formation was evaluated by imaging analysis (X-rays and microcomputed tomography) and histological analysis (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and Masson staining) after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. 29676206 3 103 theme 3D 438:439 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 1 104 theme bone 215:218 arg1 flap 220:223 a vascularized bone flap 200:223 a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect 200:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29676206 10 105 theme 3D-printed 1495:1504 arg1 scaffold 1517:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold 1491:1524 The 3D-printed PLGA/β-TCP scaffold had good cytocompatibility. 29676206 3 106 theme lactide-co-glycolide 469:488 arg1 scaffold 530:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold 417:537 In this study, we fabricated a vascularized bone flap from a three-dimensional (3D)-printed biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold using the combination of an arteriovenous (AV) bundle and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). 29676206 1 107 theme large 231:235 arg1 defect 242:247 a large bone defect 229:247 a large bone defect 229:247 It is a common treatment strategy in the clinic to transplant a vascularized bone flap for a large bone defect. 29606144 5 0 theme SLNs 771:774 arg1 activity 640:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity 616:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum 616:813 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 0 theme SLNs 771:774 arg1 properties 601:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 9 1 theme % 1287:1287 arg1 loading 1278:1284 % drug loading 1271:1284 % drug loading (%DL) 1271:1290 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 1 theme % 1287:1287 arg1 DL 1288:1289 %DL 1287:1289 %DL 1287:1289 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 13 2 theme potential 2067:2075 arg1 effect 2094:2099 potential dual synergistic effect 2067:2099 potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2067:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 14 3 theme CQ-sensitive 2429:2440 arg1 parasites 2442:2450 CQ-sensitive parasites 2429:2450 CQ-sensitive parasites 2429:2450 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 11 4 theme in 1628:1629 arg1 activities 1652:1661 in vitro antiplasmodial activities 1628:1661 in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1628:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 9 5 theme 21 1300:1301 arg1 EE 1342:1343 %EE 1341:1343 %EE 1341:1343 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 5 theme 21 1300:1301 arg1 % 1354:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 5 theme 21 1300:1301 arg1 % 1309:1309 21 and 25% 1300:1309 % 1309:1309 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 5 6 theme non-heparin 744:754 arg1 SLNs 771:774 non-heparin functionalized SLNs 744:774 non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) 744:783 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 6 theme non-heparin 744:754 arg1 CQ-SLN 777:782 CQ-SLN 777:782 CQ-SLN 777:782 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 9 7 theme 25 1307:1308 arg1 EE 1342:1343 %EE 1341:1343 %EE 1341:1343 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 7 theme 25 1307:1308 arg1 % 1354:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 7 theme 25 1307:1308 arg1 % 1309:1309 21 and 25% 1300:1309 % 1309:1309 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 8 8 dep in 1052:1053 arg1 vitro 1055:1059 vitro 1055:1059 vitro 1055:1059 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 2 9 theme resistant 331:339 arg1 malaria 341:347 chloroquine resistant malaria 319:347 chloroquine resistant malaria 319:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 14 10 dep in 2398:2399 arg1 vitro 2401:2405 vitro 2401:2405 vitro 2401:2405 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 9 11 from 500 nm 1251:1256 arg1 size 1261:1264 size 1261:1264 size 1261:1264 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 6 12 theme evaporation 861:871 arg1 technique 873:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 10 13 from release 1504:1510 arg1 formulations 1520:1531 both formulations 1515:1531 both formulations 1515:1531 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 9 14 theme % 1341:1341 arg1 EE 1342:1343 %EE 1341:1343 %EE 1341:1343 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 14 theme % 1341:1341 arg1 % 1354:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 14 theme % 1341:1341 arg1 % 1309:1309 21 and 25% 1300:1309 % 1309:1309 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 2 15 dep the 356:358 arg1 concerns 360:367 concerns 360:367 concerns 360:367 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 14 16 theme superior 2389:2396 arg1 activities 2407:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 11 17 theme free 1804:1807 arg1 CQ 1809:1810 free CQ standard 1804:1819 free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL) 1804:1839 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 17 theme free 1804:1807 arg1 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 2 18 theme anti-malarial 282:294 arg1 drugs 296:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs 269:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria 269:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 5 19 theme physicochemical 585:599 arg1 properties 601:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 1 20 theme safe 148:151 arg1 drug 193:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 1 20 theme safe 148:151 arg1 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 13 21 contain has 2209:2211 arg2 potential 2243:2251 potential 2243:2251 potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2243:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 21 contain has 2209:2211 arg2 effects 2224:2230 beneficial effects 2213:2230 beneficial effects 2213:2230 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 21 contain has 2209:2211 arg1 meaning 2163:2169 meaning 2163:2169 meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2163:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 21 contain has 2209:2211 arg1 nanoparticles 2138:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles 2104:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN) 2104:2160 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 11 22 theme Nanoformulated 1534:1547 arg1 CQ-SLN 1549:1554 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN 1534:1554 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) 1534:1574 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 22 theme Nanoformulated 1534:1547 arg1 4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL 1557:1573 4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL 1557:1573 4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL 1557:1573 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 0 23 theme solid 77:81 arg1 nanoparticles 89:101 solid lipid nanoparticles 77:101 solid lipid nanoparticles 77:101 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 13 24 theme nanoparticles 2138:2150 arg1 effect 2094:2099 potential dual synergistic effect 2067:2099 potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2067:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 2 25 theme Many 269:272 arg1 drugs 296:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs 269:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria 269:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 6 26 used used 887:890 arg2 technique 873:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 10 27 theme sustained 1494:1502 arg1 release 1504:1510 sustained release 1494:1510 sustained release in both formulations 1494:1531 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 14 28 theme SLNs 2360:2363 arg1 nanoparticles 2365:2377 SLNs nanoparticles 2360:2377 SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites 2360:2450 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 5 29 theme solid 700:704 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 29 theme solid 700:704 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 1 30 theme anti-malarial 179:191 arg1 drug 193:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 1 30 theme anti-malarial 179:191 arg1 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 8 31 theme semi-automated 983:996 arg1 technique 1013:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique 979:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique 979:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 11 32 theme standard 1812:1819 arg1 CQ 1809:1810 free CQ standard 1804:1819 free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL) 1804:1839 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 32 theme standard 1812:1819 arg1 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL 1822:1838 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 13 33 theme CQ-loaded 2104:2112 arg1 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 33 theme CQ-loaded 2104:2112 arg1 meaning 2163:2169 meaning 2163:2169 meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2163:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 33 theme CQ-loaded 2104:2112 arg1 nanoparticles 2138:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles 2104:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN) 2104:2160 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 12 34 theme falciparum 2000:2009 arg1 strains 1986:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains 1959:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1959:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 5 35 theme nanoparticles 712:724 arg1 activity 640:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity 616:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum 616:813 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 35 theme nanoparticles 712:724 arg1 properties 601:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 physicochemical properties 585:610 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 4 36 theme delivery 529:536 arg1 strategies 538:547 nanoparticulate delivery strategies 513:547 nanoparticulate delivery strategies 513:547 Such may include nanoparticulate delivery strategies and targeting. 29606144 13 37 theme solid 2126:2130 arg1 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 37 theme solid 2126:2130 arg1 meaning 2163:2169 meaning 2163:2169 meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2163:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 37 theme solid 2126:2130 arg1 nanoparticles 2138:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles 2104:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN) 2104:2160 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 5 38 theme chloroquine 652:662 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 38 theme chloroquine 652:662 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 0 39 theme In 0:1 arg1 evaluation 9:18 In vitro evaluation 0:18 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin 0:52 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 13 40 theme red 2291:2293 arg1 cells 2301:2305 parasitized red blood cells 2279:2305 parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2279:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 5 41 theme heparin 677:683 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 41 theme heparin 677:683 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 13 42 theme cells 2301:2305 arg1 targeting 2266:2274 specific targeting 2257:2274 specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2257:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 8 43 theme antiplasmodial 1184:1197 arg1 efficacy 1199:1206 antiplasmodial efficacy 1184:1206 antiplasmodial efficacy 1184:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 10 44 theme burst 1446:1450 arg1 release 1452:1458 an initial burst release 1435:1458 an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations 1435:1531 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 1 45 theme chloroquine 122:132 arg1 Use 115:117 BACKGROUND Use 104:117 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, 104:197 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 8 46 theme in 1052:1053 arg1 activity 1076:1083 the in vitro antiplasmodial activity 1048:1083 the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy 1048:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 11 47 theme chloroquine 1759:1769 arg1 strain 1784:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 10 48 theme drug-loaded 1361:1371 arg1 SLN 1373:1375 The drug-loaded SLN 1357:1375 The drug-loaded SLN 1357:1375 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 0 49 theme chloroquine-loaded 23:40 arg1 evaluation 9:18 In vitro evaluation 0:18 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin 0:52 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 13 50 theme specific 2257:2264 arg1 targeting 2266:2274 specific targeting 2257:2274 specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2257:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 12 51 theme chloroquine 1959:1969 arg1 strains 1986:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains 1959:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1959:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 8 52 theme antiplasmodial 1061:1074 arg1 activity 1076:1083 the in vitro antiplasmodial activity 1048:1083 the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy 1048:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 10 53 theme release 1403:1409 arg1 profile 1411:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 13 54 theme synergistic 2082:2092 arg1 effect 2094:2099 potential dual synergistic effect 2067:2099 potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2067:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 0 55 theme heparin 46:52 arg1 evaluation 9:18 In vitro evaluation 0:18 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin 0:52 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 12 56 theme nanoformulated 1886:1899 arg1 drugs 1901:1905 the nanoformulated drugs 1882:1905 the nanoformulated drugs 1882:1905 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 10 57 theme first 1471:1475 arg1 24 h 1477:1480 the first 24 h 1467:1480 the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations 1467:1531 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 10 58 theme biphasic 1389:1396 arg1 profile 1411:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 12 59 theme enhanced 1917:1924 arg1 activities 1940:1949 enhanced anti-malarial activities 1917:1949 enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1917:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 8 60 theme drug 1093:1096 arg1 function 1172:1179 a function 1170:1179 a function of antiplasmodial efficacy 1170:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 8 60 theme drug 1093:1096 arg1 concentration 1098:1110 drug concentration 1093:1110 drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50) 1093:1164 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 11 61 theme W2 1781:1782 arg1 strain 1784:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 9 62 theme drug 1273:1276 arg1 loading 1278:1284 % drug loading 1271:1284 % drug loading (%DL) 1271:1290 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 62 theme drug 1273:1276 arg1 DL 1288:1289 %DL 1287:1289 %DL 1287:1289 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 1 63 theme parasites 258:266 arg1 prevalence 234:243 widespread prevalence 223:243 widespread prevalence of resistant parasites 223:266 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 0 64 dep In 0:1 arg1 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 8 65 theme capable 1112:1118 arg1 function 1172:1179 a function 1170:1179 a function of antiplasmodial efficacy 1170:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 8 65 theme capable 1112:1118 arg1 concentration 1098:1110 drug concentration 1093:1110 drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50) 1093:1164 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 11 66 dep showed 1612:1617 arg1 enhanced 1619:1626 enhanced 1619:1626 enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1619:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 66 dep showed 1612:1617 arg1 compared 1792:1799 compared 1792:1799 compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL) 1792:1839 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 67 theme falciparum 1711:1720 arg1 strain 1698:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain 1671:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1671:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 5 68 theme functionalized 756:769 arg1 SLNs 771:774 non-heparin functionalized SLNs 744:774 non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) 744:783 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 68 theme functionalized 756:769 arg1 CQ-SLN 777:782 CQ-SLN 777:782 CQ-SLN 777:782 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 6 69 theme double-emulsion 837:851 arg1 technique 873:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 11 70 dep in 1628:1629 arg1 vitro 1631:1635 vitro 1631:1635 vitro 1631:1635 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 10 71 theme initial 1438:1444 arg1 release 1452:1458 an initial burst release 1435:1458 an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations 1435:1531 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 2 72 theme chloroquine 319:329 arg1 malaria 341:347 chloroquine resistant malaria 319:347 chloroquine resistant malaria 319:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 9 73 with 500 nm 1251:1256 arg1 loading 1278:1284 % drug loading 1271:1284 % drug loading (%DL) 1271:1290 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 73 with 500 nm 1251:1256 arg1 DL 1288:1289 %DL 1287:1289 %DL 1287:1289 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 11 74 theme chloroquine 1671:1681 arg1 strain 1698:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain 1671:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1671:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 12 75 theme standard 2035:2042 arg1 CQ 2032:2033 the free CQ standard 2023:2042 the free CQ standard 2023:2042 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 8 76 theme falciparum 1148:1157 arg1 % 1136:1136 50% 1134:1136 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50) 1134:1164 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 8 76 theme falciparum 1148:1157 arg1 IC50 1160:1163 IC50 1160:1163 IC50 1160:1163 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 8 76 theme falciparum 1148:1157 arg1 falciparum 1148:1157 P. falciparum 1145:1157 the P. falciparum (IC50) 1141:1164 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 2 77 theme malaria 341:347 arg1 treatment 306:314 treatment 306:314 treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria 306:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 7 78 theme drug 965:968 arg1 release 970:976 the in vitro drug release 952:976 the in vitro drug release 952:976 HPLC/UV was used to determine the in vitro drug release. 29606144 11 79 theme antiplasmodial 1637:1650 arg1 activities 1652:1661 in vitro antiplasmodial activities 1628:1661 in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1628:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 9 80 theme encapsulation 1315:1327 arg1 efficiency 1329:1338 encapsulation efficiency 1315:1338 encapsulation efficiency 1315:1338 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 7 81 theme in 956:957 arg1 release 970:976 the in vitro drug release 952:976 the in vitro drug release 952:976 HPLC/UV was used to determine the in vitro drug release. 29606144 1 82 theme widespread 223:232 arg1 prevalence 234:243 widespread prevalence 223:243 widespread prevalence of resistant parasites 223:266 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 4 83 theme nanoparticulate 513:527 arg1 strategies 538:547 nanoparticulate delivery strategies 513:547 nanoparticulate delivery strategies 513:547 Such may include nanoparticulate delivery strategies and targeting. 29606144 5 84 theme antiplasmodial 625:638 arg1 activity 640:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity 616:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum 616:813 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 12 85 theme free 2027:2030 arg1 CQ 2032:2033 the free CQ standard 2023:2042 the free CQ standard 2023:2042 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 14 86 theme in 2398:2399 arg1 activities 2407:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 5 87 theme Plasmodium 793:802 arg1 falciparum 804:813 Plasmodium falciparum 793:813 Plasmodium falciparum 793:813 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 88 dep in 616:617 arg1 vitro 619:623 vitro 619:623 vitro 619:623 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 0 89 theme lipid 83:87 arg1 nanoparticles 89:101 solid lipid nanoparticles 77:101 solid lipid nanoparticles 77:101 In vitro evaluation of chloroquine-loaded and heparin surface-functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles. 29606144 2 90 theme entrant 274:280 arg1 drugs 296:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs 269:300 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria 269:347 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 29606144 13 91 theme effect 2094:2099 arg1 form 2059:2062 some form 2054:2062 some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2054:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 92 theme beneficial 2213:2222 arg1 effects 2224:2230 beneficial effects 2213:2230 beneficial effects 2213:2230 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 92 theme beneficial 2213:2222 arg1 potential 2243:2251 potential 2243:2251 potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2243:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 9 93 theme % 1354:1354 arg1 efficiency 1329:1338 encapsulation efficiency 1315:1338 encapsulation efficiency 1315:1338 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 93 theme % 1354:1354 arg1 EE 1342:1343 %EE 1341:1343 %EE 1341:1343 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 93 theme % 1354:1354 arg1 % 1354:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 78-90% 1349:1354 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 93 theme % 1354:1354 arg1 % 1309:1309 21 and 25% 1300:1309 % 1309:1309 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 5 94 theme in 616:617 arg1 activity 640:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity 616:647 in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum 616:813 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 1 95 theme affordable 168:177 arg1 drug 193:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug 135:196 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 1 95 theme affordable 168:177 arg1 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 chloroquine 122:132 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 5 96 theme lipid 706:710 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 96 theme lipid 706:710 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 9 97 theme % 1271:1271 arg1 loading 1278:1284 % drug loading 1271:1284 % drug loading (%DL) 1271:1290 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 9 97 theme % 1271:1271 arg1 DL 1288:1289 %DL 1287:1289 %DL 1287:1289 RESULTS Prepared nanoparticles were below 500 nm in size with % drug loading (%DL) between 21 and 25% and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 78-90%. 29606144 6 98 theme modified 828:835 arg1 technique 873:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 13 99 theme heparinized 2114:2124 arg1 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 99 theme heparinized 2114:2124 arg1 meaning 2163:2169 meaning 2163:2169 meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2163:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 99 theme heparinized 2114:2124 arg1 nanoparticles 2138:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles 2104:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN) 2104:2160 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 12 100 theme D6 1982:1983 arg1 strains 1986:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains 1959:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1959:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 8 101 theme micro-dilution 998:1011 arg1 technique 1013:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique 979:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique 979:1021 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 6 102 dep METHODS 816:822 arg1 used 887:890 used 887:890 was used to prepare the nanoparticles 883:919 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 12 103 dep CONCLUSIONS 1842:1852 arg1 suggest 1869:1875 suggest 1869:1875 suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard 1869:2042 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 13 104 theme lipid 2132:2136 arg1 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 Hep-SLN 2153:2159 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 104 theme lipid 2132:2136 arg1 meaning 2163:2169 meaning 2163:2169 meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2163:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 13 104 theme lipid 2132:2136 arg1 nanoparticles 2138:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles 2104:2150 CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN) 2104:2160 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 5 105 theme encapsulated 664:675 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 105 theme encapsulated 664:675 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 1 106 theme BACKGROUND 104:113 arg1 Use 115:117 BACKGROUND Use 104:117 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, 104:197 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 14 107 contain have 2384:2387 arg1 nanoparticles 2365:2377 SLNs nanoparticles 2360:2377 SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites 2360:2450 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 14 107 contain have 2384:2387 arg2 activities 2407:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 superior in vitro activities 2389:2416 Thus, the study has produced SLNs nanoparticles that have superior in vitro activities than CQ on CQ-sensitive parasites. 29606144 3 108 theme paramount 474:482 arg1 importance 484:493 paramount importance 474:493 paramount importance 474:493 Innovative ways of circumventing chloroquine resistance is of paramount importance. 29606144 13 109 theme blood 2295:2299 arg1 cells 2301:2305 parasitized red blood cells 2279:2305 parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2279:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 8 110 theme efficacy 1199:1206 arg1 concentration 1098:1110 drug concentration 1093:1110 drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50) 1093:1164 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 8 110 theme efficacy 1199:1206 arg1 function 1172:1179 a function 1170:1179 a function of antiplasmodial efficacy 1170:1206 The semi-automated micro-dilution technique was adapted in assessing the in vitro antiplasmodial activity to give drug concentration capable of inhibiting 50% of the P. falciparum (IC50), as a function of antiplasmodial efficacy. 29606144 5 111 theme functionalized 685:698 arg1 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 CQ-Hep-SLNs 727:737 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 5 111 theme functionalized 685:698 arg1 nanoparticles 712:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles 652:724 chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) 652:738 This study evaluated physicochemical properties and in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine encapsulated heparin functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles (CQ-Hep-SLNs) and non-heparin functionalized SLNs (CQ-SLN) against Plasmodium falciparum. 29606144 3 112 theme Innovative 412:421 arg1 ways 423:426 Innovative ways 412:426 Innovative ways of circumventing chloroquine resistance 412:466 Innovative ways of circumventing chloroquine resistance is of paramount importance. 29606144 7 113 used used 934:937 arg2 HPLC/UV 922:928 HPLC/UV 922:928 HPLC/UV 922:928 HPLC/UV was used to determine the in vitro drug release. 29606144 12 114 theme sensitive 1971:1979 arg1 strains 1986:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains 1959:1992 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1959:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 13 115 theme dual 2077:2080 arg1 effect 2094:2099 potential dual synergistic effect 2067:2099 potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2067:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 3 116 theme chloroquine 445:455 arg1 resistance 457:466 chloroquine resistance 445:466 chloroquine resistance 445:466 Innovative ways of circumventing chloroquine resistance is of paramount importance. 29606144 10 117 theme drug 1398:1401 arg1 profile 1411:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 a biphasic drug release profile 1387:1417 The drug-loaded SLN exhibited a biphasic drug release profile at pH 7.4, with an initial burst release during the first 24 h followed by sustained release in both formulations. 29606144 13 118 theme parasitized 2279:2289 arg1 cells 2301:2305 parasitized red blood cells 2279:2305 parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin 2279:2328 There is some form of potential dual synergistic effect of CQ-loaded heparinized solid lipid nanoparticles (Hep-SLN), meaning that combining heparin and CQ in SLNs has beneficial effects, including potential for specific targeting of parasitized red blood cells as afforded by heparin. 29606144 12 119 theme anti-malarial 1926:1938 arg1 activities 1940:1949 enhanced anti-malarial activities 1917:1949 enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum 1917:2009 CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the nanoformulated drugs displayed enhanced anti-malarial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strains of P. falciparum compared to the free CQ standard. 29606144 11 120 theme sensitive 1683:1691 arg1 strain 1698:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain 1671:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1671:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 121 theme resistant 1771:1779 arg1 strain 1784:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 the chloroquine resistant W2 strain 1755:1789 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 11 122 theme D6 1694:1695 arg1 strain 1698:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain 1671:1703 chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum 1671:1720 Nanoformulated CQ-SLN (4.72 ± 0.14 ng/mL) and CQ-Hep-SLN (2.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL), showed enhanced in vitro antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine sensitive (D6) strain of P. falciparum, albeit with no activity against the chloroquine resistant W2 strain, compared to free CQ standard (5.81 ± 0.18 ng/mL). 29606144 1 123 theme resistant 248:256 arg1 parasites 258:266 resistant parasites 248:266 resistant parasites 248:266 BACKGROUND Use of chloroquine, an otherwise safe and relatively affordable anti-malarial drug, was discontinued due to widespread prevalence of resistant parasites. 29606144 7 124 dep in 956:957 arg1 vitro 959:963 vitro 959:963 vitro 959:963 HPLC/UV was used to determine the in vitro drug release. 29606144 6 125 theme solvent 853:859 arg1 technique 873:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique 824:881 METHODS The modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation technique was used to prepare the nanoparticles. 29606144 2 126 theme other 394:398 arg1 challenges 400:409 other challenges 394:409 other challenges 394:409 Many entrant anti-malarial drugs for treatment of chloroquine resistant malaria raises the concerns of cost and safety among other challenges. 31056327 9 0 theme ammonia-N 1321:1329 arg1 concentration 1331:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration 1313:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration 1313:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 6 1 theme ∼17.3 918:922 arg1 % 923:923 % 923:923 % 923:923 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 5 2 with replacement 839:849 arg1 lactose 881:887 83% lactose 877:887 83% lactose 877:887 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 5 2 with replacement 839:849 arg1 DWP 872:874 DWP 872:874 DWP (83% lactose) 872:888 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 0 3 theme barley 161:166 arg1 starch 168:173 barley starch 161:173 barley starch 161:173 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 1 4 theme dairy 384:388 arg1 cows 390:393 dairy cows 384:393 dairy cows 384:393 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 15 5 theme urea-N 2205:2210 arg1 proportion 2182:2191 the proportion 2178:2191 the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth 2178:2245 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 15 5 theme urea-N 2205:2210 arg1 utilization 2144:2154 the anabolic utilization 2131:2154 the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N 2131:2173 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 1 6 theme partial 233:239 arg1 replacement 241:251 the partial replacement 229:251 the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) 229:315 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 10 7 dep N 1572:1572 arg1 % 1575:1575 % 1575:1575 % of N intake 1575:1587 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 7 dep N 1572:1572 arg1 intake 1582:1587 N intake 1580:1587 N intake 1580:1587 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 8 theme TSG 1624:1626 arg1 content 1628:1634 TSG content 1624:1634 TSG content 1624:1634 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 4 9 theme designated 729:738 arg1 control 740:746 designated control 729:746 designated control 729:746 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 1 10 from utilization 327:337 arg1 cows 390:393 dairy cows 384:393 dairy cows 384:393 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 18 11 theme ruminal 2641:2647 arg1 synthesis 2667:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 7 12 theme total 1147:1151 arg1 collections 1153:1163 concurrent total collections 1136:1163 concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1136:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 2 13 theme 28-d 483:486 arg1 periods 488:494 28-d periods 483:494 28-d periods 483:494 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 18 14 theme bacterial 2544:2552 arg1 N 2565:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 10 15 theme Urinary 1474:1480 arg1 excretion 1482:1490 Urinary excretion 1474:1490 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N 1474:1512 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 9 16 theme ruminal 1398:1404 arg1 concentration 1415:1427 ruminal butyrate concentration 1398:1427 ruminal butyrate concentration 1398:1427 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 17 dep changed 1514:1520 arg1 whereas 1537:1543 whereas 1537:1543 whereas 1537:1543 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 4 18 dep TSG 793:795 arg1 % 791:791 % 791:791 % 791:791 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 1 19 theme urea 351:354 arg1 kinetics 356:363 whole-body urea kinetics 340:363 whole-body urea kinetics 340:363 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 10 20 theme urea-N 1507:1512 arg1 excretion 1482:1490 Urinary excretion 1474:1490 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N 1474:1512 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 15 21 theme anabolic 2135:2142 arg1 utilization 2144:2154 the anabolic utilization 2131:2154 the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N 2131:2173 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 1 22 theme study 198:202 arg1 objective 180:188 The objective 176:188 The objective of this study 176:202 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 16 23 theme feeding 2274:2280 arg1 DWP 2282:2284 feeding DWP 2274:2284 feeding DWP 2274:2284 Our results indicate that feeding DWP did not influence dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. 31056327 8 24 theme matter 1189:1194 arg1 intake 1196:1201 Dry matter intake 1185:1201 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d) 1185:1220 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 6 25 theme TSG 997:999 arg1 diets 1001:1005 the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 964:1005 the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 964:1005 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 4 26 contain contained 677:685 arg1 diet 667:670 a barley-based diet 652:670 a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 652:795 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 26 contain contained 677:685 arg2 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 26 contain contained 677:685 arg2 sugar 717:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar 687:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control) 687:747 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 26 contain contained 677:685 arg2 diets 753:757 diets 753:757 diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 753:795 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 10 27 theme N 1501:1501 arg1 excretion 1482:1490 Urinary excretion 1474:1490 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N 1474:1512 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 7 28 theme 4-d 1100:1102 arg1 infusions 1104:1112 4-d infusions 1100:1112 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1100:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 12 29 theme TSG 1769:1771 arg1 content 1773:1779 TSG content 1769:1779 TSG content 1769:1779 A quadratic response was observed for total N excretion as TSG content increased. 31056327 14 30 theme urea-N 1997:2002 arg1 production 1983:1992 endogenous production 1972:1992 endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N 1972:2010 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 18 31 theme N 2565:2565 arg1 response 2511:2518 The quadratic response 2497:2518 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N 2497:2565 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 2 32 theme replicated 441:450 arg1 design 471:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design 439:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods 439:494 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 0 33 from production 83:92 arg1 cows 115:118 dairy cows 109:118 dairy cows 109:118 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 3 34 from cows 502:505 arg1 square 520:525 one Latin square 510:525 one Latin square 510:525 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 0 35 theme nutrient 64:71 arg1 flow 73:76 omasal nutrient flow 57:76 omasal nutrient flow 57:76 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 15 36 theme TSG 2104:2106 arg1 content 2108:2114 Dietary TSG content 2096:2114 Dietary TSG content 2096:2114 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 4 37 dep % 690:690 arg1 basis 704:708 dry matter basis 693:708 dry matter basis 693:708 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 14 38 from responses 1889:1897 arg1 flow 1913:1916 the omasal flow 1902:1916 the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1902:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 1 39 dep lactose 275:281 arg1 fed 284:286 fed 284:286 fed as dried whey permeate; DWP 284:314 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 12 40 theme total 1748:1752 arg1 excretion 1756:1764 total N excretion 1748:1764 total N excretion as TSG content increased 1748:1789 A quadratic response was observed for total N excretion as TSG content increased. 31056327 17 41 theme milk 2460:2463 arg1 secretion 2473:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 4 42 theme 3.6 687:689 arg1 % 690:690 % 690:690 % 690:690 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 14 43 theme nonammonia 1958:1967 arg1 N 1969:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 1 44 from kinetics 356:363 arg1 cows 390:393 dairy cows 384:393 dairy cows 384:393 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 18 45 theme omasal 2523:2528 arg1 flow 2530:2533 omasal flow 2523:2533 omasal flow 2523:2533 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 2 46 theme × 454:454 arg1 design 471:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design 439:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods 439:494 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 14 47 theme total 1942:1946 arg1 N 1969:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 7 48 with -urea 1125:1129 arg1 collections 1153:1163 concurrent total collections 1136:1163 concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1136:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 1 49 theme N 325:325 arg1 utilization 327:337 N utilization 325:337 N utilization 325:337 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 15 50 theme urea-N 2168:2173 arg1 proportion 2182:2191 the proportion 2178:2191 the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth 2178:2245 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 15 50 theme urea-N 2168:2173 arg1 utilization 2144:2154 the anabolic utilization 2131:2154 the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N 2131:2173 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 4 51 contain contained 764:772 arg2 TSG 793:795 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 774:795 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 774:795 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 51 contain contained 764:772 arg1 diets 753:757 diets 753:757 diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 753:795 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 17 52 theme ammonia-N 2386:2394 arg1 concentration 2396:2408 ruminal ammonia-N concentration 2378:2408 ruminal ammonia-N concentration 2378:2408 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 9 53 theme TSG 1451:1453 arg1 content 1455:1461 TSG content 1451:1461 TSG content 1451:1461 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 4 54 theme barley-based 654:665 arg1 diet 667:670 a barley-based diet 652:670 a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG 652:795 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 14 55 theme fluid-associated 1921:1936 arg1 N 1969:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 0 56 theme Nitrogen 0:7 arg1 utilization 9:19 Nitrogen utilization 0:19 Nitrogen utilization 0:19 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 1 57 theme barley 256:261 arg1 starch 263:268 barley starch 256:268 barley starch 256:268 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 8 58 theme = 1209:1209 arg1 mean 1204:1207 mean 1204:1207 mean = 26.7 kg/d 1204:1219 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 17 59 theme Feeding 2356:2362 arg1 DWP 2364:2366 Feeding DWP 2356:2366 Feeding DWP 2356:2366 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 7 60 theme urea 1066:1069 arg1 kinetics 1071:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics 1055:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics 1055:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 3 61 used used 557:560 arg2 cows 502:505 Four cows 497:505 Four cows in one Latin square 497:525 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 6 62 dep isonitrogenous 902:915 arg1 protein 931:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 5 63 theme TSG 806:808 arg1 content 810:816 Dietary TSG content 798:816 Dietary TSG content 798:816 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 3 64 theme dietary 575:581 arg1 effects 583:589 dietary effects 575:589 dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization 575:635 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 0 65 theme urea-nitrogen 33:45 arg1 kinetics 47:54 whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics 22:54 whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics 22:54 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 8 66 dep intake 1196:1201 arg1 mean 1204:1207 mean 1204:1207 mean = 26.7 kg/d 1204:1219 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 1 67 with replacement 241:251 arg1 lactose 275:281 lactose 275:281 lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) 275:315 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 2 68 theme Holstein 412:419 arg1 cows 421:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 10 69 theme total 1566:1570 arg1 N 1572:1572 total N 1566:1572 total N (% of N intake) 1566:1588 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 18 70 theme protein 2659:2665 arg1 synthesis 2667:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 18 71 theme diet 2611:2614 arg1 matter 2620:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 17 72 from responses 2447:2455 arg1 secretion 2473:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 17 72 from responses 2447:2455 arg1 balance 2488:2494 N balance 2486:2494 N balance 2486:2494 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 8 73 theme protein 1263:1269 arg1 contents 1279:1286 milk protein and fat contents 1258:1286 milk protein and fat contents 1258:1286 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 3 74 theme urea 605:608 arg1 kinetics 610:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 4 75 theme matter 697:702 arg1 basis 704:708 dry matter basis 693:708 dry matter basis 693:708 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 14 76 theme ornithine 2079:2087 arg1 cycle 2089:2093 the ornithine cycle 2075:2093 the ornithine cycle 2075:2093 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 8 77 dep = 1240:1240 arg1 kg/d 1247:1250 34.9 kg/d 1242:1250 34.9 kg/d 1242:1250 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 7 78 theme feces 1168:1172 arg1 collections 1153:1163 concurrent total collections 1136:1163 concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1136:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 16 79 theme matter 2308:2313 arg1 intake 2315:2320 dry matter intake 2304:2320 dry matter intake 2304:2320 Our results indicate that feeding DWP did not influence dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. 31056327 8 80 theme fat 1275:1277 arg1 contents 1279:1286 milk protein and fat contents 1258:1286 milk protein and fat contents 1258:1286 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 3 81 from effects 583:589 arg1 kinetics 610:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 3 81 from effects 583:589 arg1 utilization 625:635 N utilization 623:635 N utilization 623:635 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 15 82 theme bacterial 2230:2238 arg1 growth 2240:2245 bacterial growth 2230:2245 bacterial growth 2230:2245 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 5 83 theme barley 854:859 arg1 grain 861:865 barley grain 854:865 barley grain 854:865 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 15 84 used used 2221:2224 arg2 urea-N 2205:2210 recycled urea-N 2196:2210 recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth 2196:2245 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 6 85 theme % 923:923 arg1 protein 931:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 14 86 theme quadratic 1879:1887 arg1 responses 1889:1897 quadratic responses 1879:1897 quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1879:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 18 87 theme dry 2616:2618 arg1 matter 2620:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 12 88 theme quadratic 1712:1720 arg1 response 1722:1729 A quadratic response 1710:1729 A quadratic response 1710:1729 A quadratic response was observed for total N excretion as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 89 theme N 1580:1580 arg1 intake 1582:1587 N intake 1580:1587 N intake 1580:1587 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 90 theme intake 1582:1587 arg1 % 1575:1575 % 1575:1575 % of N intake 1575:1587 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 10 90 theme intake 1582:1587 arg1 intake 1582:1587 N intake 1580:1587 N intake 1580:1587 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 7 91 theme urine 1178:1182 arg1 collections 1153:1163 concurrent total collections 1136:1163 concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1136:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 18 92 theme nonammonia 2554:2563 arg1 N 2565:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 17 93 theme N 2486:2486 arg1 balance 2488:2494 N balance 2486:2494 N balance 2486:2494 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 14 94 theme gastrointestinal 2028:2043 arg1 tract 2045:2049 the gastrointestinal tract 2024:2049 the gastrointestinal tract 2024:2049 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 9 95 theme TSG 1367:1369 arg1 content 1371:1377 TSG content 1367:1377 TSG content 1367:1377 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 6 96 theme control 968:974 arg1 diets 1001:1005 the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 964:1005 the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 964:1005 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 14 97 theme TSG 1844:1846 arg1 content 1848:1854 TSG content 1844:1854 TSG content 1844:1854 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 10 98 theme total 1495:1499 arg1 N 1501:1501 total N 1495:1501 total N 1495:1501 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 8 99 theme milk 1223:1226 arg1 yield 1228:1232 milk yield 1223:1232 milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d) 1223:1251 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 17 100 theme ruminal 2378:2384 arg1 concentration 2396:2408 ruminal ammonia-N concentration 2378:2408 ruminal ammonia-N concentration 2378:2408 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 2 101 used used 431:434 arg2 cows 421:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 4 102 dep TSG 724:726 arg1 control 740:746 designated control 729:746 designated control 729:746 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 8 103 dep = 1209:1209 arg1 kg/d 1216:1219 26.7 kg/d 1211:1219 26.7 kg/d 1211:1219 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 8 104 theme Dry 1185:1187 arg1 intake 1196:1201 Dry matter intake 1185:1201 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d) 1185:1220 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 6 105 theme starch 945:950 arg1 contents 952:959 starch contents 945:959 starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 945:1005 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 18 106 from response 2511:2518 arg1 flow 2530:2533 omasal flow 2523:2533 omasal flow 2523:2533 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 1 107 theme whole-body 340:349 arg1 kinetics 356:363 whole-body urea kinetics 340:363 whole-body urea kinetics 340:363 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 3 108 theme Latin 514:518 arg1 square 520:525 one Latin square 510:525 one Latin square 510:525 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 2 109 theme square 464:469 arg1 design 471:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design 439:476 a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods 439:494 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 0 110 from flow 73:76 arg1 cows 115:118 dairy cows 109:118 dairy cows 109:118 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 6 111 theme diets 1001:1005 arg1 contents 952:959 starch contents 945:959 starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets 945:1005 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 18 112 theme microbial 2649:2657 arg1 synthesis 2667:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 ruminal microbial protein synthesis 2641:2675 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 0 113 theme partial 137:143 arg1 lactose 124:130 lactose 124:130 lactose 124:130 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 0 113 theme partial 137:143 arg1 replacement 145:155 a partial replacement 135:155 a partial replacement for barley starch 135:173 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 7 114 theme [15N15N 1117:1123 arg1 -urea 1125:1129 [15N15N]-urea 1117:1129 [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1117:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 12 115 theme N 1754:1754 arg1 excretion 1756:1764 total N excretion 1748:1764 total N excretion as TSG content increased 1748:1789 A quadratic response was observed for total N excretion as TSG content increased. 31056327 5 116 theme % 879:879 arg1 lactose 881:887 83% lactose 877:887 83% lactose 877:887 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 5 116 theme % 879:879 arg1 DWP 872:874 DWP 872:874 DWP (83% lactose) 872:888 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 10 117 theme urinary 1545:1551 arg1 excretion 1553:1561 urinary excretion 1545:1561 urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) 1545:1588 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 1 118 from production 370:379 arg1 cows 390:393 dairy cows 384:393 dairy cows 384:393 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 13 119 theme Milk 1792:1795 arg1 N 1797:1797 Milk N 1792:1797 Milk N 1792:1797 Milk N and retained N were not affected by diet. 31056327 11 120 theme N 1653:1653 arg1 excretion 1655:1663 Fecal N excretion 1647:1663 Fecal N excretion 1647:1663 Fecal N excretion linearly increased as TSG content increased. 31056327 17 121 theme positive 2438:2445 arg1 responses 2447:2455 positive responses 2438:2455 positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance 2438:2494 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 6 122 dep % 995:995 arg1 9.6 982:984 9.6 982:984 9.6 982:984 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 6 122 dep % 995:995 arg1 12.6 991:994 12.6 991:994 12.6 991:994 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 14 123 theme endogenous 1972:1981 arg1 production 1983:1992 endogenous production 1972:1992 endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N 1972:2010 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 15 124 theme Dietary 2096:2102 arg1 content 2108:2114 Dietary TSG content 2096:2114 Dietary TSG content 2096:2114 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 11 125 theme Fecal 1647:1651 arg1 excretion 1655:1663 Fecal N excretion 1647:1663 Fecal N excretion 1647:1663 Fecal N excretion linearly increased as TSG content increased. 31056327 0 126 from utilization 9:19 arg1 cows 115:118 dairy cows 109:118 dairy cows 109:118 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 6 127 dep diets 1001:1005 arg1 % 995:995 % 995:995 % 995:995 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 14 128 theme N 1969:1969 arg1 flow 1913:1916 the omasal flow 1902:1916 the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1902:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 4 129 dep % 791:791 arg1 9.6 779:781 9.6 779:781 9.6 779:781 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 129 dep % 791:791 arg1 12.6 787:790 12.6 787:790 12.6 787:790 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 15 130 theme recycled 2196:2203 arg1 urea-N 2205:2210 recycled urea-N 2196:2210 recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth 2196:2245 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 7 131 theme concurrent 1136:1145 arg1 collections 1153:1163 concurrent total collections 1136:1163 concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1136:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 17 132 theme protein 2465:2471 arg1 secretion 2473:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 milk protein secretion 2460:2481 Feeding DWP decreased ruminal ammonia-N concentration, but this did not result in positive responses in milk protein secretion or N balance. 31056327 14 133 theme bacterial 1948:1956 arg1 N 1969:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1921:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 0 134 theme dairy 109:113 arg1 cows 115:118 dairy cows 109:118 dairy cows 109:118 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 16 135 theme milk 2338:2341 arg1 composition 2343:2353 milk composition 2338:2353 milk composition 2338:2353 Our results indicate that feeding DWP did not influence dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. 31056327 0 136 from kinetics 47:54 arg1 cows 115:118 dairy cows 109:118 dairy cows 109:118 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 4 137 theme % 690:690 arg1 sugar 717:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar 687:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control) 687:747 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 137 theme % 690:690 arg1 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 9 138 dep decreased 1345:1353 arg1 whereas 1390:1396 whereas 1390:1396 whereas 1390:1396 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 18 139 theme quadratic 2501:2509 arg1 response 2511:2518 The quadratic response 2497:2518 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N 2497:2565 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 7 140 theme Whole-body 1055:1064 arg1 kinetics 1071:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics 1055:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics 1055:1078 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 9 141 theme butyrate 1406:1413 arg1 concentration 1415:1427 ruminal butyrate concentration 1398:1427 ruminal butyrate concentration 1398:1427 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 18 142 theme total 2538:2542 arg1 N 2565:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 total bacterial nonammonia N 2538:2565 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 0 143 theme whole-body 22:31 arg1 kinetics 47:54 whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics 22:54 whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics 22:54 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 1 144 theme starch 263:268 arg1 replacement 241:251 the partial replacement 229:251 the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) 229:315 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 15 145 theme recycled 2159:2166 arg1 urea-N 2168:2173 recycled urea-N 2159:2173 recycled urea-N 2159:2173 Dietary TSG content did not affect the anabolic utilization of recycled urea-N or the proportion of recycled urea-N that was used for bacterial growth. 31056327 5 146 theme Dietary 798:804 arg1 content 810:816 Dietary TSG content 798:816 Dietary TSG content 798:816 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 1 147 dep whey 297:300 arg1 permeate 302:309 permeate 302:309 permeate 302:309 The objective of this study was to determine whether the partial replacement of barley starch with lactose (fed as dried whey permeate; DWP) affects N utilization, whole-body urea kinetics, and production in dairy cows. 31056327 10 148 theme N 1572:1572 arg1 excretion 1553:1561 urinary excretion 1545:1561 urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) 1545:1588 Urinary excretion of total N and urea-N changed quadratically, whereas urinary excretion of total N (% of N intake) tended to change quadratically as TSG content increased. 31056327 14 149 theme omasal 1906:1911 arg1 flow 1913:1916 the omasal flow 1902:1916 the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N 1902:1969 As TSG content increased, we observed quadratic responses in the omasal flow of fluid-associated and total bacterial nonammonia N, endogenous production of urea-N, urea-N recycled to the gastrointestinal tract, and urea-N returned to the ornithine cycle. 31056327 16 150 theme milk 2323:2326 arg1 yield 2328:2332 milk yield 2323:2332 milk yield 2323:2332 Our results indicate that feeding DWP did not influence dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. 31056327 18 151 theme matter 2620:2625 arg1 matter 2620:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 diet dry matter 2611:2625 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 18 151 theme matter 2620:2625 arg1 % 2606:2606 9.6% 2603:2606 9.6% of diet dry matter 2603:2625 The quadratic response in omasal flow of total bacterial nonammonia N indicated that including TSG beyond 9.6% of diet dry matter might depress ruminal microbial protein synthesis. 31056327 5 152 theme grain 861:865 arg1 replacement 839:849 the replacement 835:849 the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose) 835:888 Dietary TSG content was increased by the replacement of barley grain with DWP (83% lactose). 31056327 8 153 theme milk 1258:1261 arg1 protein 1263:1269 milk protein 1258:1269 milk protein 1258:1269 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 4 154 theme total 711:715 arg1 sugar 717:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar 687:721 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control) 687:747 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 4 154 theme total 711:715 arg1 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 TSG 724:726 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 0 155 theme omasal 57:62 arg1 flow 73:76 omasal nutrient flow 57:76 omasal nutrient flow 57:76 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 8 156 theme = 1240:1240 arg1 mean 1235:1238 mean 1235:1238 mean = 34.9 kg/d 1235:1250 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 31056327 16 157 theme dry 2304:2306 arg1 intake 2315:2320 dry matter intake 2304:2320 dry matter intake 2304:2320 Our results indicate that feeding DWP did not influence dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. 31056327 2 158 theme lactating 402:410 arg1 cows 421:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows 396:424 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 3 159 theme whole-body 594:603 arg1 kinetics 610:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 whole-body urea kinetics 594:617 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 13 160 theme retained 1803:1810 arg1 N 1812:1812 retained N 1803:1812 retained N 1803:1812 Milk N and retained N were not affected by diet. 31056327 2 161 with design 471:476 arg1 periods 488:494 28-d periods 483:494 28-d periods 483:494 Eight lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 28-d periods. 31056327 9 162 theme Ruminal 1313:1319 arg1 concentration 1331:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration 1313:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration 1313:1343 Ruminal ammonia-N concentration decreased linearly as TSG content increased, whereas ruminal butyrate concentration increased linearly as TSG content increased. 31056327 7 163 theme -urea 1125:1129 arg1 infusions 1104:1112 4-d infusions 1100:1112 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine 1100:1182 Whole-body urea kinetics were measured using 4-d infusions of [15N15N]-urea with concurrent total collections of feces and urine. 31056327 11 164 theme TSG 1687:1689 arg1 content 1691:1697 TSG content 1687:1697 TSG content 1687:1697 Fecal N excretion linearly increased as TSG content increased. 31056327 4 165 theme dry 693:695 arg1 basis 704:708 dry matter basis 693:708 dry matter basis 693:708 Cows were fed a barley-based diet that contained 3.6% (dry matter basis) total sugar (TSG; designated control), or diets that contained 6.6, 9.6, or 12.6% TSG. 31056327 0 166 dep utilization 9:19 arg1 performance 94:104 performance 94:104 performance 94:104 Nitrogen utilization, whole-body urea-nitrogen kinetics, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows fed lactose as a partial replacement for barley starch. 31056327 6 167 theme crude 925:929 arg1 protein 931:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 ∼17.3% crude protein 918:937 Diets were isonitrogenous (∼17.3% crude protein), and starch contents of the control, 6.6, 9.6, and 12.6% TSG diets were 24.3, 22.2, 21.2, and 19.1%, respectively. 31056327 3 168 theme N 623:623 arg1 utilization 625:635 N utilization 623:635 N utilization 623:635 Four cows in one Latin square were ruminally cannulated and used to determine dietary effects on whole-body urea kinetics and N utilization. 31056327 8 169 dep yield 1228:1232 arg1 mean 1235:1238 mean 1235:1238 mean = 34.9 kg/d 1235:1250 Dry matter intake (mean = 26.7 kg/d), milk yield (mean = 34.9 kg/d), and milk protein and fat contents were unaffected by diet. 30053739 9 0 theme fruit 1519:1523 arg1 ripening 1525:1532 postharvest fruit ripening 1507:1532 postharvest fruit ripening 1507:1532 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 6 1 theme genes 729:733 arg1 pattern 714:720 the expression pattern 699:720 the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities 699:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 6 2 theme enzymatic 796:804 arg1 activities 806:815 some enzymatic activities 791:815 some enzymatic activities 791:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 6 3 theme expression 703:712 arg1 pattern 714:720 the expression pattern 699:720 the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities 699:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 4 dep in 1464:1465 arg1 vitro 1467:1471 vitro 1467:1471 vitro 1467:1471 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 9 5 theme wall 1569:1572 arg1 structure 1574:1582 cell wall structure 1564:1582 cell wall structure 1564:1582 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 5 6 from heat-treated 522:533 arg1 oven 542:545 air oven 538:545 air oven (3 h at 45 °C) 538:560 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 5 6 from heat-treated 522:533 arg1 45 °C 555:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 8 7 theme heat-stressed 1322:1334 arg1 fruit 1336:1340 heat-stressed fruit 1322:1340 heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values 1322:1411 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 5 8 theme non-treated 639:649 arg1 fruit 651:655 non-treated fruit 639:655 non-treated fruit 639:655 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 7 9 theme softening 914:922 arg1 process 924:930 fruit softening process 908:930 fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) 908:969 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 8 10 theme cell 1193:1196 arg1 amount 1203:1208 Total cell wall amount 1187:1208 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose 1187:1229 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 7 11 theme pectin 885:890 arg1 disassembly 892:902 pectin disassembly 885:902 pectin disassembly 885:902 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 12 theme growth 1621:1626 arg1 rate 1628:1631 a lower growth rate 1613:1631 a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1613:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 0 13 theme key 63:65 arg1 genes 67:71 key genes 63:71 key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit 63:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 5 14 theme 3 h at 548:553 arg1 oven 542:545 air oven 538:545 air oven (3 h at 45 °C) 538:560 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 5 14 theme 3 h at 548:553 arg1 45 °C 555:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 1 15 theme wall 148:151 arg1 polymers 153:160 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 15 theme wall 148:151 arg1 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 15 theme wall 148:151 arg1 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 3 16 theme present 327:333 arg1 study 335:339 The present study 323:339 The present study 323:339 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 0 17 from Effects 0:6 arg1 expression 49:58 expression 49:58 expression 49:58 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 0 17 from Effects 0:6 arg1 activity 36:43 enzyme activity 29:43 enzyme activity 29:43 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 7 18 theme wall 1084:1087 arg1 reinforcement 1062:1074 the reinforcement 1058:1074 the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) 1058:1167 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 19 theme heat 1429:1432 arg1 stress 1434:1439 heat stress 1429:1439 heat stress 1429:1439 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 9 20 theme cinerea 1645:1651 arg1 rate 1628:1631 a lower growth rate 1613:1631 a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1613:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 8 21 theme firmness 1397:1404 arg1 values 1406:1411 higher firmness values 1390:1411 higher firmness values 1390:1411 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 7 22 dep process 924:930 arg1 FaAra1 954:959 FaAra1 954:959 FaAra1 954:959 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 7 22 dep process 924:930 arg1 FaPLB 940:944 FaPLB 940:944 FaPLB 940:944 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 7 22 dep process 924:930 arg1 FaβGal4 962:968 FaβGal4 962:968 FaβGal4 962:968 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 23 with agreement 1598:1606 arg1 rate 1628:1631 a lower growth rate 1613:1631 a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1613:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 0 24 theme wall 90:93 arg1 remodeling 95:104 cell wall remodeling 85:104 cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit 85:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 7 25 theme genes 853:857 arg1 expression 839:848 The expression 835:848 The expression of genes 835:857 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 7 25 theme genes 853:857 arg1 relevant 872:879 relevant 872:879 relevant 872:879 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 8 26 theme neutral 1247:1253 arg1 sugars 1255:1260 neutral sugars 1247:1260 neutral sugars 1247:1260 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 3 27 theme molecular 385:393 arg1 basis 395:399 the molecular basis 381:399 the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure 381:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 5 28 theme fruit 651:655 arg1 controls 660:667 controls 660:667 controls 660:667 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 5 28 theme fruit 651:655 arg1 set 632:634 a set 630:634 a set of non-treated fruit 630:655 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 5 28 theme fruit 651:655 arg1 fruit 651:655 non-treated fruit 639:655 non-treated fruit 639:655 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 9 29 theme cell 1674:1677 arg1 walls 1679:1683 cell walls 1674:1683 cell walls 1674:1683 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 0 30 theme heat 11:14 arg1 treatment 16:24 heat treatment 11:24 heat treatment 11:24 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 9 31 from cinerea 1645:1651 arg1 plates 1656:1661 plates 1656:1661 plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1656:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 3 32 theme postharvest 416:426 arg1 preservation 428:439 the postharvest preservation 412:439 the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure 412:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 7 33 theme genes 1034:1038 arg1 expression 1020:1029 the expression 1016:1029 the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) 1016:1167 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 34 theme heat-stressed 1690:1702 arg1 fruit 1704:1708 heat-stressed fruit 1690:1708 heat-stressed fruit 1690:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 1 35 dep polymers 153:160 arg1 polymers 153:160 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 35 dep polymers 153:160 arg1 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 35 dep polymers 153:160 arg1 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 3 36 theme structure 465:473 arg1 preservation 428:439 the postharvest preservation 412:439 the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure 412:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 6 37 theme wall 763:766 arg1 metabolism 768:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 38 theme wall 1478:1481 arg1 swelling 1483:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling 1460:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling process 1460:1498 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 3 39 theme cell 455:458 arg1 structure 465:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 1 40 theme main 202:205 arg1 factors 207:213 the main factors 198:213 the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry 198:264 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 6 41 theme strawberry 747:756 arg1 metabolism 768:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 42 theme postharvest 1507:1517 arg1 ripening 1525:1532 postharvest fruit ripening 1507:1532 postharvest fruit ripening 1507:1532 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 3 43 theme heat 478:481 arg1 treatment 483:491 heat treatment 478:491 heat treatment 478:491 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 1 44 theme textural 231:238 arg1 changes 240:246 textural changes 231:246 textural changes during strawberry 231:264 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 7 45 theme heat 994:997 arg1 treatment 999:1007 heat treatment 994:1007 heat treatment 994:1007 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 6 46 theme key 725:727 arg1 genes 729:733 key genes 725:733 key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities 725:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 1 47 theme polymers 153:160 arg1 Modification 127:138 Modification 127:138 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure 127:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 9 48 from plates 1656:1661 arg1 rate 1628:1631 a lower growth rate 1613:1631 a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1613:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 8 49 theme higher 1390:1395 arg1 values 1406:1411 higher firmness values 1390:1411 higher firmness values 1390:1411 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 9 50 theme cell 1564:1567 arg1 structure 1574:1582 cell wall structure 1564:1582 cell wall structure 1564:1582 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 0 51 theme strawberry 109:118 arg1 fruit 120:124 strawberry fruit 109:124 strawberry fruit 109:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 6 52 theme stress 689:694 arg1 effect 674:679 The effect 670:679 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities 670:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 53 theme structure 1574:1582 arg1 preservation 1548:1559 a preservation 1546:1559 a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls 1546:1734 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 7 54 theme cell 1079:1082 arg1 wall 1084:1087 cell wall 1079:1087 cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) 1079:1167 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 55 contain containing 1663:1672 arg1 plates 1656:1661 plates 1656:1661 plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1656:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 9 55 contain containing 1663:1672 arg2 walls 1679:1683 cell walls 1674:1683 cell walls 1674:1683 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 5 56 from oven 542:545 arg1 heat-treated 522:533 heat-treated 522:533 heat-treated 522:533 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 8 57 theme bounded 1291:1297 arg1 pectins 1299:1305 ionically and covalently bounded pectins 1266:1305 ionically and covalently bounded pectins 1266:1305 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 0 58 from remodeling 95:104 arg1 fruit 120:124 strawberry fruit 109:124 strawberry fruit 109:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 9 59 from rate 1628:1631 arg1 plates 1656:1661 plates 1656:1661 plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1656:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 8 60 theme Total 1187:1191 arg1 amount 1203:1208 Total cell wall amount 1187:1208 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose 1187:1229 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 7 61 theme fruit 908:912 arg1 process 924:930 fruit softening process 908:930 fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) 908:969 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 9 62 theme lower 1615:1619 arg1 rate 1628:1631 a lower growth rate 1613:1631 a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1613:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 8 63 theme wall 1198:1201 arg1 amount 1203:1208 Total cell wall amount 1187:1208 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose 1187:1229 Total cell wall amount as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral sugars and ionically and covalently bounded pectins were higher in heat-stressed fruit compared to controls, which might be related to higher firmness values. 30053739 0 64 theme genes 67:71 arg1 expression 49:58 expression 49:58 expression 49:58 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 0 64 theme genes 67:71 arg1 activity 36:43 enzyme activity 29:43 enzyme activity 29:43 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 1 65 theme cell 143:146 arg1 polymers 153:160 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 cell wall polymers composition and structure 143:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 65 theme cell 143:146 arg1 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 structure 178:186 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 65 theme cell 143:146 arg1 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 composition 162:172 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 4 66 theme Ripe 494:497 arg1 fruit 499:503 Ripe fruit 494:503 Ripe fruit (cv. 494:508 Ripe fruit (cv. 30053739 0 67 theme cell 85:88 arg1 remodeling 95:104 cell wall remodeling 85:104 cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit 85:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 4 68 dep fruit 499:503 arg1 cv 506:507 cv 506:507 cv 506:507 Ripe fruit (cv. 30053739 9 69 theme Botrytis 1636:1643 arg1 cinerea 1645:1651 Botrytis cinerea 1636:1651 Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit 1636:1708 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 2 70 theme fruit 295:299 arg1 ripening 301:308 fruit ripening 295:308 fruit ripening 295:308 fruit ripening and storage. 30053739 5 71 theme air 538:540 arg1 oven 542:545 air oven 538:545 air oven (3 h at 45 °C) 538:560 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 5 71 theme air 538:540 arg1 45 °C 555:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 3 h at 45 °C 548:559 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 3 72 theme new 358:360 arg1 data 362:365 new data 358:365 new data 358:365 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 0 73 theme treatment 16:24 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit 0:124 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 3 74 theme strawberry 444:453 arg1 structure 465:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 0 75 theme enzyme 29:34 arg1 activity 36:43 enzyme activity 29:43 enzyme activity 29:43 Effects of heat treatment on enzyme activity and expression of key genes controlling cell wall remodeling in strawberry fruit. 30053739 9 76 theme in 1464:1465 arg1 swelling 1483:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling 1460:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling process 1460:1498 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 5 77 dep days 580:583 arg1 days 597:600 4 °C + 2 days 588:600 4 °C + 2 days 588:600 Aroma) were heat-treated in air oven (3 h at 45 °C) and then stored 8 days at 4 °C + 2 days at 20 °C, while maintaining a set of non-treated fruit as controls. 30053739 6 78 theme heat 684:687 arg1 stress 689:694 heat stress 684:694 heat stress 684:694 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 79 theme cell 1473:1476 arg1 swelling 1483:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling 1460:1490 the in vitro cell wall swelling process 1460:1498 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 6 80 from effect 674:679 arg1 pattern 714:720 the expression pattern 699:720 the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities 699:815 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 6 81 theme cell 758:761 arg1 metabolism 768:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 strawberry cell wall metabolism 747:777 The effect of heat stress on the expression pattern of key genes controlling strawberry cell wall metabolism, as well as some enzymatic activities was investigated. 30053739 9 82 theme swelling 1483:1490 arg1 process 1492:1498 the in vitro cell wall swelling process 1460:1498 the in vitro cell wall swelling process 1460:1498 Interestingly, heat stress was able to arrest the in vitro cell wall swelling process during postharvest fruit ripening, suggesting a preservation of cell wall structure, which was in agreement with a lower growth rate of Botrytis cinerea on plates containing cell walls from heat-stressed fruit when compared to controls. 30053739 3 83 theme wall 460:463 arg1 structure 465:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 strawberry cell wall structure 444:473 The present study aimed to provide new data to understand the molecular basis underlying the postharvest preservation of strawberry cell wall structure by heat treatment. 30053739 1 84 theme factors 207:213 arg1 one 191:193 one 191:193 one 191:193 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 84 theme factors 207:213 arg1 factors 207:213 the main factors 198:213 the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry 198:264 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 7 85 theme xyloglucan 1127:1136 arg1 FaXTH1 1161:1166 FaXTH1 1161:1166 FaXTH1 1161:1166 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 7 85 theme xyloglucan 1127:1136 arg1 endo-transglycosilase 1138:1158 xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase 1127:1158 xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) 1127:1167 The expression of genes proved to be relevant for pectin disassembly and fruit softening process (FaPG1, FaPLB, FaPLC, FaAra1, FaβGal4) were down-regulated by heat treatment, while the expression of genes being involved in the reinforcement of cell wall as pectin-methylesterase (FaPME1) and xyloglucan endo-transglycosilase (FaXTH1) was up-regulated. 30053739 1 86 dep one 191:193 arg1 Duch 288:291 Duch 288:291 Duch 288:291 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 86 dep one 191:193 arg1 ananassa 278:285 ananassa 278:285 ananassa 278:285 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 30053739 1 86 dep one 191:193 arg1 Fragaria 267:274 Fragaria 267:274 Fragaria 267:274 Modification of cell wall polymers composition and structure is one of the main factors contributing to textural changes during strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, Duch.) 31594478 0 0 theme confocal 96:103 arg1 microscopy 105:114 confocal microscopy 96:114 confocal microscopy 96:114 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 9 1 theme various 1508:1514 arg1 materials 1529:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. 31594478 7 2 theme B 1258:1258 arg1 surface 1235:1241 the surface 1231:1241 the surface of lotrafilcon B 1231:1258 rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. 31594478 3 3 theme lens 820:823 arg1 4 mm 807:810 The central 4 mm 795:810 The central 4 mm of each lens 795:823 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 2 4 theme FITC-rhPRG4 676:686 arg1 conditions 660:669 two conditions 656:669 two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline 656:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 4 theme FITC-rhPRG4 676:686 arg1 solution 688:695 FITC-rhPRG4 solution 676:695 (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL 672:708 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 1 5 theme fluorescein 247:257 arg1 isothiocyanate 259:272 fluorescein isothiocyanate 247:272 fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) 247:279 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 5 theme fluorescein 247:257 arg1 FITC 275:278 FITC 275:278 FITC 275:278 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 9 6 theme contact 1516:1522 arg1 materials 1529:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. 31594478 10 7 theme rhPRG4 1643:1648 arg1 sorption 1631:1638 the sorption 1627:1638 the sorption of rhPRG4 1627:1648 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 1 8 theme sorption 160:167 arg1 location 169:176 the sorption location 156:176 the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 156:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 5 9 theme rhPRG4 1061:1066 arg1 sorption 1049:1056 sorption 1049:1056 sorption of rhPRG4 1049:1066 All lens materials demonstrated sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 9 10 theme lens 1524:1527 arg1 materials 1529:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 various contact lens materials 1508:1537 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. 31594478 0 11 from Localization 0:11 arg1 contact 75:81 commercial contact 64:81 commercial contact 64:81 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 6 12 theme senofilcon 1074:1083 arg1 A 1085:1085 senofilcon A 1074:1085 senofilcon A 1074:1085 Both senofilcon A and balafilcon A revealed FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens, generally favoring the surface. 31594478 1 13 dep Acuvue 535:540 arg1 Johnson 555:561 Johnson 555:561 Johnson 555:561 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 2 14 from 300 μg/mL 700:708 arg1 conditions 660:669 two conditions 656:669 two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline 656:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 14 from 300 μg/mL 700:708 arg1 saline 737:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 14 from 300 μg/mL 700:708 arg1 solution 688:695 FITC-rhPRG4 solution 676:695 (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL 672:708 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 6 15 theme lens 1158:1161 arg1 bulk 1146:1149 the bulk 1142:1149 the bulk of the lens 1142:1161 Both senofilcon A and balafilcon A revealed FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens, generally favoring the surface. 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 Optix 471:475 Air Optix 467:475 Air Optix 467:475 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 A 423:423 comfilcon A 413:423 comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision) 413:449 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 A 334:334 [balafilcon A 322:334 [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb) 322:362 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 Johnson 403:409 Johnson 403:409 Johnson 403:409 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 A 376:376 senofilcon A 365:376 senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson) 365:410 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 16 dep lenses 315:320 arg1 CooperVision 437:448 CooperVision 437:448 CooperVision 437:448 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 3 17 theme argon 881:885 arg1 laser 887:891 an argon laser 878:891 an argon laser 878:891 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 1 18 theme comfilcon 413:421 arg1 A 423:423 comfilcon A 413:423 comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision) 413:449 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 18 theme comfilcon 413:421 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 18 theme comfilcon 413:421 arg1 CooperVision 437:448 CooperVision 437:448 CooperVision 437:448 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 3 19 theme FITC 904:907 arg1 495 nm 920:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 3 19 theme FITC 904:907 arg1 521 nm 937:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 8 20 theme etafilcon 1417:1425 arg1 A 1427:1427 etafilcon A 1417:1427 etafilcon A 1417:1427 rhPRG4 was evenly distributed throughout the bulk of the lens, as well as on the surface, for comfilcon A and etafilcon A. 31594478 9 21 theme FITC-rhPRG4 1454:1464 arg1 profile 1443:1449 The sorption profile 1430:1449 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 1430:1464 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. 31594478 2 22 dep solution 688:695 arg1 1 673:673 1 673:673 1 673:673 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 3 23 theme excitation 909:918 arg1 495 nm 920:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 3 23 theme excitation 909:918 arg1 521 nm 937:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 2 24 dep n = 3 623:627 arg1 each 629:632 each 629:632 each 629:632 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 8 25 theme lens 1364:1367 arg1 bulk 1352:1355 the bulk 1348:1355 the bulk of the lens 1348:1367 rhPRG4 was evenly distributed throughout the bulk of the lens, as well as on the surface, for comfilcon A and etafilcon A. 31594478 1 26 theme senofilcon 365:374 arg1 A 376:376 senofilcon A 365:376 senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson) 365:410 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 26 theme senofilcon 365:374 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 26 theme senofilcon 365:374 arg1 Johnson 403:409 Johnson 403:409 Johnson 403:409 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 3 27 dep 488 nm 896:901 arg1 495 nm 920:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 3 27 dep 488 nm 896:901 arg1 521 nm 937:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 4 28 theme Depth 946:950 arg1 scans 952:956 Depth scans 946:956 Depth scans 946:956 Depth scans were taken at 1 μm intervals to a maximum depth of 100 μm. 31594478 1 29 theme full-length 181:191 arg1 proteoglycan 211:222 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 181:224 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) 181:279 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 29 theme full-length 181:191 arg1 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 7 30 located observed 1207:1214 arg2 rhPRG4 1196:1201 rhPRG4 1196:1201 rhPRG4 1196:1201 rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. 31594478 7 30 located observed 1207:1214 arg1 surface 1235:1241 the surface 1231:1241 the surface of lotrafilcon B 1231:1258 rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. 31594478 3 31 theme Zeiss 857:861 arg1 CLSM 867:870 the Zeiss 510 CLSM 853:870 the Zeiss 510 CLSM 853:870 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 1 32 dep Optix 471:475 arg1 Alcon 478:482 Alcon 478:482 Alcon 478:482 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 33 theme recombinant 193:203 arg1 proteoglycan 211:222 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 181:224 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) 181:279 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 33 theme recombinant 193:203 arg1 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 0 34 theme recombinant 28:38 arg1 proteoglycan-4 46:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 3 35 theme emission 928:935 arg1 495 nm 920:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 FITC excitation 495 nm 904:925 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 3 35 theme emission 928:935 arg1 521 nm 937:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 emission 521 nm 928:942 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 4 36 theme 100 μm 1009:1014 arg1 depth 1000:1004 a maximum depth 990:1004 a maximum depth of 100 μm 990:1014 Depth scans were taken at 1 μm intervals to a maximum depth of 100 μm. 31594478 8 37 theme comfilcon 1401:1409 arg1 A 1411:1411 comfilcon A 1401:1411 comfilcon A 1401:1411 rhPRG4 was evenly distributed throughout the bulk of the lens, as well as on the surface, for comfilcon A and etafilcon A. 31594478 1 38 theme conventional 494:505 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 38 theme conventional 494:505 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 39 theme human 205:209 arg1 proteoglycan 211:222 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 181:224 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) 181:279 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 39 theme human 205:209 arg1 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 rhPRG4 227:232 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 0 40 theme full-length 16:26 arg1 proteoglycan-4 46:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 4 41 theme maximum 992:998 arg1 depth 1000:1004 a maximum depth 990:1004 a maximum depth of 100 μm 990:1014 Depth scans were taken at 1 μm intervals to a maximum depth of 100 μm. 31594478 1 42 dep determine 146:154 arg1 Acuvue 535:540 Acuvue 535:540 Acuvue 535:540 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 43 theme hydrogel 507:514 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 43 theme hydrogel 507:514 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 44 theme proteoglycan 211:222 arg1 location 169:176 the sorption location 156:176 the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 156:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 0 45 theme proteoglycan-4 46:59 arg1 Localization 0:11 Localization 0:11 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact 0:81 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 A 423:423 comfilcon A 413:423 comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision) 413:449 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 A 334:334 [balafilcon A 322:334 [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb) 322:362 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 A 376:376 senofilcon A 365:376 senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson) 365:410 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 46 theme silicone 289:296 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 2 47 dep saline 737:742 arg1 2 715:715 2 715:715 2 715:715 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 10 48 theme surface 1565:1571 arg1 treatment 1573:1581 surface treatment 1565:1581 surface treatment 1565:1581 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 1 49 theme lens 516:519 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 49 theme lens 516:519 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 0 50 theme human 40:44 arg1 proteoglycan-4 46:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 16:59 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 A 423:423 comfilcon A 413:423 comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision) 413:449 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 A 334:334 [balafilcon A 322:334 [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb) 322:362 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 A 376:376 senofilcon A 365:376 senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson) 365:410 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 51 theme hydrogel 298:305 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 52 theme confocal 572:579 arg1 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 52 theme confocal 572:579 arg1 microscopy 596:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy 572:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) 572:612 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 7 53 theme lens 1301:1304 arg1 bulk 1289:1292 the bulk 1285:1292 the bulk of the lens 1285:1304 rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. 31594478 7 54 theme lotrafilcon 1246:1256 arg1 B 1258:1258 lotrafilcon B 1246:1258 lotrafilcon B 1246:1258 rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. 31594478 6 55 theme balafilcon 1091:1100 arg1 A 1102:1102 balafilcon A 1091:1102 balafilcon A 1091:1102 Both senofilcon A and balafilcon A revealed FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens, generally favoring the surface. 31594478 0 56 theme commercial 64:73 arg1 contact 75:81 commercial contact 64:81 commercial contact 64:81 Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy. 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 A 423:423 comfilcon A 413:423 comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision) 413:449 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 A 334:334 [balafilcon A 322:334 [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb) 322:362 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 A 376:376 senofilcon A 365:376 senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson) 365:410 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 57 theme contact 307:313 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 6 58 theme FITC-rhPRG4 1113:1123 arg1 penetration 1125:1135 FITC-rhPRG4 penetration 1113:1135 FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens 1113:1161 Both senofilcon A and balafilcon A revealed FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens, generally favoring the surface. 31594478 2 59 with darkness 765:772 arg1 shaking 786:792 gentle shaking 779:792 gentle shaking 779:792 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 10 60 theme material 1604:1611 arg1 composition 1552:1562 polymer composition 1544:1562 polymer composition 1544:1562 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 10 60 theme material 1604:1611 arg1 treatment 1573:1581 surface treatment 1565:1581 surface treatment 1565:1581 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 10 60 theme material 1604:1611 arg1 size 1592:1595 pore size 1587:1595 pore size 1587:1595 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 1 61 theme scanning 587:594 arg1 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 61 theme scanning 587:594 arg1 microscopy 596:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy 572:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) 572:612 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 2 62 theme gentle 779:784 arg1 shaking 786:792 gentle shaking 779:792 gentle shaking 779:792 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 9 63 theme sorption 1434:1441 arg1 profile 1443:1449 The sorption profile 1430:1449 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 1430:1464 The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. 31594478 10 64 theme polymer 1544:1550 arg1 composition 1552:1562 polymer composition 1544:1562 polymer composition 1544:1562 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 1 65 theme lotrafilcon 452:462 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 65 theme lotrafilcon 452:462 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 65 theme lotrafilcon 452:462 arg1 Optix 471:475 Air Optix 467:475 Air Optix 467:475 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 66 theme [etafilcon 521:530 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 66 theme [etafilcon 521:530 arg1 A 532:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 490:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 67 theme [balafilcon 322:332 arg1 A 334:334 [balafilcon A 322:334 [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb) 322:362 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 67 theme [balafilcon 322:332 arg1 lenses 315:320 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A 284:532 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 67 theme [balafilcon 322:332 arg1 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 Bausch + Lomb 349:361 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 2 68 dep conditions 660:669 arg1 conditions 660:669 two conditions 656:669 two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline 656:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 68 dep conditions 660:669 arg1 saline 737:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 68 dep conditions 660:669 arg1 solution 688:695 FITC-rhPRG4 solution 676:695 (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL 672:708 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 1 69 theme study 133:137 arg1 aim 121:123 The aim 117:123 The aim of this study 117:137 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 2 70 theme phosphate-buffered 718:735 arg1 conditions 660:669 two conditions 656:669 two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline 656:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 2 70 theme phosphate-buffered 718:735 arg1 saline 737:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 (2) phosphate-buffered saline 714:742 Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. 31594478 3 71 theme central 799:805 arg1 4 mm 807:810 The central 4 mm 795:810 The central 4 mm of each lens 795:823 The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). 31594478 10 72 theme pore 1587:1590 arg1 size 1592:1595 pore size 1587:1595 pore size 1587:1595 The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 5 73 theme lens 1021:1024 arg1 materials 1026:1034 All lens materials 1017:1034 All lens materials 1017:1034 All lens materials demonstrated sorption of rhPRG4. 31594478 1 74 theme Air 467:469 arg1 B 464:464 lotrafilcon B 452:464 lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] 452:484 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 74 theme Air 467:469 arg1 Optix 471:475 Air Optix 467:475 Air Optix 467:475 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 75 theme laser 581:585 arg1 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 CLSM 608:611 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 1 75 theme laser 581:585 arg1 microscopy 596:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy 572:605 confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) 572:612 The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). 31594478 4 76 theme 1 μm 972:975 arg1 intervals 977:985 1 μm intervals 972:985 1 μm intervals 972:985 Depth scans were taken at 1 μm intervals to a maximum depth of 100 μm. 31352055 0 0 theme molecular 83:91 arg1 mobility 93:100 molecular mobility 83:100 molecular mobility 83:100 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 7 1 dep ratio 853:857 arg1 to 846:847 to 846:847 to 846:847 When trehalose to BSA ratio was 0.2, while mannitol crystallized predominantly as the δ-anhydrous polymorph, trehalose remained amorphous. 31352055 2 2 theme protein 357:363 arg1 stability 365:373 protein stability 357:373 protein stability 357:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 11 3 from thawing 1385:1391 arg1 stresses 1371:1378 stresses 1371:1378 stresses from thawing 1371:1391 BSA was more susceptible to stresses from thawing than drying. 31352055 5 4 theme reconstituted 648:660 arg1 solutions 662:670 reconstituted solutions 648:670 reconstituted solutions 648:670 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 1 5 theme physical 169:176 arg1 forms 178:182 the physical forms 165:182 the physical forms of the excipients 165:200 In freeze-dried protein formulations, the composition governs the physical forms of the excipients and hence their functionality. 31352055 6 6 theme samples 822:828 arg1 time 801:804 the relaxation time 786:804 the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples 786:828 Dielectric spectroscopy was used to obtain the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples. 31352055 0 7 theme mobility 93:100 arg1 Role 47:50 Role 47:50 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 0:101 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 5 8 theme secondary 600:608 arg1 structure 610:618 The secondary structure 596:618 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions 596:670 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 2 9 theme composition 282:292 arg1 effect 272:277 the effect 268:277 the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability 268:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 4 10 theme X-ray 574:578 arg1 diffractometry 580:593 X-ray diffractometry 574:593 X-ray diffractometry 574:593 The crystalline phases were characterized by X-ray diffractometry. 31352055 6 11 theme freeze-dried 809:820 arg1 samples 822:828 freeze-dried samples 809:828 freeze-dried samples 809:828 Dielectric spectroscopy was used to obtain the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples. 31352055 10 12 theme gradual 1209:1215 arg1 increase 1217:1224 A gradual increase 1207:1224 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1207:1264 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time was observed as the concentration of trehalose increased in the formulation. 31352055 3 13 with lyophiles 458:466 arg1 trehalose 481:489 varying trehalose 473:489 varying trehalose 473:489 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 10 14 theme trehalose 1303:1311 arg1 concentration 1286:1298 the concentration 1282:1298 the concentration of trehalose 1282:1311 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time was observed as the concentration of trehalose increased in the formulation. 31352055 3 15 theme bovine 431:436 arg1 albumin 444:450 bovine serum albumin 431:450 bovine serum albumin (BSA) 431:456 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 3 15 theme bovine 431:436 arg1 BSA 453:455 BSA 453:455 BSA 453:455 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 3 16 theme bulking 386:392 arg1 Mannitol 376:383 Mannitol 376:383 Mannitol (bulking agent) 376:399 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 3 16 theme bulking 386:392 arg1 agent 394:398 bulking agent 386:398 bulking agent 386:398 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 9 17 theme dehydration 1107:1117 arg1 extent 1097:1102 The extent 1093:1102 The extent of dehydration during subsequent drying 1093:1142 The extent of dehydration during subsequent drying was dictated by the trehalose to BSA ratio in the formulation. 31352055 4 18 theme crystalline 533:543 arg1 phases 545:550 The crystalline phases 529:550 The crystalline phases 529:550 The crystalline phases were characterized by X-ray diffractometry. 31352055 6 19 theme relaxation 790:799 arg1 time 801:804 the relaxation time 786:804 the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples 786:828 Dielectric spectroscopy was used to obtain the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples. 31352055 2 20 theme relaxation 311:320 arg1 factor 338:343 a key factor 332:343 a key factor influencing protein stability 332:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 2 20 theme relaxation 311:320 arg1 behavior 322:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 7 21 theme BSA 849:851 arg1 ratio 853:857 trehalose to BSA ratio 836:857 trehalose to BSA ratio 836:857 When trehalose to BSA ratio was 0.2, while mannitol crystallized predominantly as the δ-anhydrous polymorph, trehalose remained amorphous. 31352055 1 22 theme excipients 191:200 arg1 forms 178:182 the physical forms 165:182 the physical forms of the excipients 165:200 In freeze-dried protein formulations, the composition governs the physical forms of the excipients and hence their functionality. 31352055 3 23 theme Mannitol 376:383 arg1 lyophiles 458:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles 376:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios 376:508 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 2 24 theme molecular 301:309 arg1 factor 338:343 a key factor 332:343 a key factor influencing protein stability 332:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 2 24 theme molecular 301:309 arg1 behavior 322:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 9 25 theme subsequent 1126:1135 arg1 drying 1137:1142 subsequent drying 1126:1142 subsequent drying 1126:1142 The extent of dehydration during subsequent drying was dictated by the trehalose to BSA ratio in the formulation. 31352055 0 26 theme lyophilized 13:23 arg1 formulations 33:44 lyophilized albumin formulations 13:44 lyophilized albumin formulations 13:44 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 5 27 theme circular 709:716 arg1 dichroism 718:726 circular dichroism 709:726 circular dichroism 709:726 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 1 28 theme freeze-dried 106:117 arg1 formulations 127:138 freeze-dried protein formulations 106:138 freeze-dried protein formulations 106:138 In freeze-dried protein formulations, the composition governs the physical forms of the excipients and hence their functionality. 31352055 7 29 theme trehalose 836:844 arg1 ratio 853:857 trehalose to BSA ratio 836:857 trehalose to BSA ratio 836:857 When trehalose to BSA ratio was 0.2, while mannitol crystallized predominantly as the δ-anhydrous polymorph, trehalose remained amorphous. 31352055 9 30 from trehalose 1164:1172 arg1 formulation 1194:1204 the formulation 1190:1204 the formulation 1190:1204 The extent of dehydration during subsequent drying was dictated by the trehalose to BSA ratio in the formulation. 31352055 3 31 theme trehalose 403:411 arg1 lyophiles 458:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles 376:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios 376:508 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 3 32 theme varying 473:479 arg1 trehalose 481:489 varying trehalose 473:489 varying trehalose 473:489 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 10 33 theme Johari-Goldstein 1233:1248 arg1 time 1261:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time was observed as the concentration of trehalose increased in the formulation. 31352055 3 34 theme serum 438:442 arg1 albumin 444:450 bovine serum albumin 431:450 bovine serum albumin (BSA) 431:456 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 3 34 theme serum 438:442 arg1 BSA 453:455 BSA 453:455 BSA 453:455 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 0 35 theme formulations 33:44 arg1 Stability 0:8 Stability 0:8 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 0:101 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 0 36 theme albumin 25:31 arg1 formulations 33:44 lyophilized albumin formulations 13:44 lyophilized albumin formulations 13:44 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 3 37 theme albumin 444:450 arg1 lyophiles 458:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles 376:466 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios 376:508 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 10 38 from increase 1217:1224 arg1 time 1261:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time was observed as the concentration of trehalose increased in the formulation. 31352055 1 39 theme protein 119:125 arg1 formulations 127:138 freeze-dried protein formulations 106:138 freeze-dried protein formulations 106:138 In freeze-dried protein formulations, the composition governs the physical forms of the excipients and hence their functionality. 31352055 5 40 theme albumin 623:629 arg1 structure 610:618 The secondary structure 596:618 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions 596:670 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 2 41 theme key 334:336 arg1 factor 338:343 a key factor 332:343 a key factor influencing protein stability 332:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 2 41 theme key 334:336 arg1 behavior 322:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 5 42 theme IR 689:690 arg1 spectroscopy 692:703 IR spectroscopy 689:703 IR spectroscopy 689:703 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 8 43 theme BSA 997:999 arg1 concentrations 979:992 lower concentrations 973:992 lower concentrations of BSA 973:999 At lower concentrations of BSA, mannitol crystallized in both hemihydrate and anhydrous forms, and trehalose as dihydrate. 31352055 2 44 from effect 272:277 arg1 factor 338:343 a key factor 332:343 a key factor influencing protein stability 332:373 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 2 44 from effect 272:277 arg1 behavior 322:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 the molecular relaxation behavior 297:329 It is also necessary to understand the effect of composition on the molecular relaxation behavior, a key factor influencing protein stability. 31352055 9 45 theme BSA 1177:1179 arg1 ratio 1181:1185 BSA ratio 1177:1185 BSA ratio 1177:1185 The extent of dehydration during subsequent drying was dictated by the trehalose to BSA ratio in the formulation. 31352055 8 46 theme lower 973:977 arg1 concentrations 979:992 lower concentrations 973:992 lower concentrations of BSA 973:999 At lower concentrations of BSA, mannitol crystallized in both hemihydrate and anhydrous forms, and trehalose as dihydrate. 31352055 5 47 from structure 610:618 arg1 lyophiles 634:642 lyophiles 634:642 lyophiles 634:642 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 5 47 from structure 610:618 arg1 solutions 662:670 reconstituted solutions 648:670 reconstituted solutions 648:670 The secondary structure of albumin in lyophiles and reconstituted solutions was evaluated by IR spectroscopy and circular dichroism, respectively. 31352055 10 48 theme relaxation 1250:1259 arg1 time 1261:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time 1229:1264 A gradual increase in the Johari-Goldstein relaxation time was observed as the concentration of trehalose increased in the formulation. 31352055 6 49 used used 771:774 arg2 spectroscopy 754:765 Dielectric spectroscopy 743:765 Dielectric spectroscopy 743:765 Dielectric spectroscopy was used to obtain the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples. 31352055 0 50 theme crystallinity 65:77 arg1 Role 47:50 Role 47:50 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 0:101 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 6 51 theme Dielectric 743:752 arg1 spectroscopy 754:765 Dielectric spectroscopy 743:765 Dielectric spectroscopy 743:765 Dielectric spectroscopy was used to obtain the relaxation time of freeze-dried samples. 31352055 3 52 theme BSA 494:496 arg1 ratios 503:508 BSA mass ratios 494:508 BSA mass ratios 494:508 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31352055 7 53 theme δ-anhydrous 917:927 arg1 polymorph 929:937 the δ-anhydrous polymorph 913:937 the δ-anhydrous polymorph 913:937 When trehalose to BSA ratio was 0.2, while mannitol crystallized predominantly as the δ-anhydrous polymorph, trehalose remained amorphous. 31352055 8 54 theme anhydrous 1048:1056 arg1 forms 1058:1062 anhydrous forms 1048:1062 anhydrous forms 1048:1062 At lower concentrations of BSA, mannitol crystallized in both hemihydrate and anhydrous forms, and trehalose as dihydrate. 31352055 0 55 theme excipient 55:63 arg1 crystallinity 65:77 excipient crystallinity 55:77 excipient crystallinity 55:77 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 0 56 dep Stability 0:8 arg1 Role 47:50 Role 47:50 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 0:101 Stability of lyophilized albumin formulations: Role of excipient crystallinity and molecular mobility. 31352055 3 57 theme mass 498:501 arg1 ratios 503:508 BSA mass ratios 494:508 BSA mass ratios 494:508 Mannitol (bulking agent) - trehalose (lyoprotectant) - bovine serum albumin (BSA) lyophiles with varying trehalose to BSA mass ratios were investigated. 31252013 1 0 theme present 156:162 arg1 study 164:168 the present study 152:168 the present study 152:168 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 1 1 theme Komagatacibacter 227:242 arg1 PTCC 252:255 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 227:260 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 227:260 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 2 2 theme membrane 477:484 arg1 weights 450:456 wet and dry weights 438:456 weights 450:456 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 2 theme membrane 477:484 arg1 thickness 417:425 thickness 417:425 thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 417:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 9 3 from difference 1251:1260 arg1 stability 1277:1285 the thermal stability 1265:1285 the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample 1265:1319 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 8 4 theme diffraction 1102:1112 arg1 analysis 1120:1127 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1092:1127 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1092:1127 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 3 5 theme wet 571:573 arg1 weight 575:580 the wet weight 567:580 the wet weight of BC 567:586 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 10 6 theme cheap 1397:1401 arg1 source 1423:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source 1395:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC 1395:1453 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 10 6 theme cheap 1397:1401 arg1 vinasse 1352:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 1 7 theme xylinus 244:250 arg1 PTCC 252:255 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 227:260 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 227:260 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 10 8 theme carbon 1416:1421 arg1 source 1423:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source 1395:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC 1395:1453 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 10 8 theme carbon 1416:1421 arg1 vinasse 1352:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 5 9 theme 3D 863:864 arg1 structure 874:882 3D network structure 863:882 3D network structure of BC 863:888 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 9 10 theme analysis 1219:1226 arg1 test 1234:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 9 11 theme optimum 1294:1300 arg1 sample 1314:1319 the optimum and control sample 1290:1319 the optimum and control sample 1290:1319 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 10 12 theme suitable 1407:1414 arg1 source 1423:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source 1395:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC 1395:1453 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 10 12 theme suitable 1407:1414 arg1 vinasse 1352:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 4 13 theme Hestrin-Schramm 774:788 arg1 medium 790:795 Hestrin-Schramm medium 774:795 Hestrin-Schramm medium 774:795 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 10 14 theme BC 1452:1453 arg1 production 1438:1447 the production 1434:1447 the production of BC 1434:1453 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 2 15 theme composite 271:279 arg1 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 15 theme composite 271:279 arg1 design 281:286 Central composite design 263:286 Central composite design (CCD) 263:292 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 16 theme Central 263:269 arg1 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 16 theme Central 263:269 arg1 design 281:286 Central composite design 263:286 Central composite design (CCD) 263:292 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 9 17 theme control 1306:1312 arg1 sample 1314:1319 the optimum and control sample 1290:1319 the optimum and control sample 1290:1319 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 2 18 theme dry 446:448 arg1 weights 450:456 wet and dry weights 438:456 weights 450:456 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 3 19 theme incubation 632:641 arg1 time 643:646 incubation time 632:646 incubation time 632:646 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 6 20 theme average 895:901 arg1 diameter 903:910 The average diameter 891:910 The average diameter of fibrils 891:921 The average diameter of fibrils was in the range of 30-120 nm. 31252013 2 21 used utilized 298:305 arg2 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 CCD 289:291 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 21 used utilized 298:305 arg2 design 281:286 Central composite design 263:286 Central composite design (CCD) 263:292 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 3 22 from increase 555:562 arg1 weight 575:580 the wet weight 567:580 the wet weight of BC 567:586 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 9 23 theme sample 1314:1319 arg1 stability 1277:1285 the thermal stability 1265:1285 the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample 1265:1319 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 9 24 theme thermogravimetric 1201:1217 arg1 test 1234:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 2 25 from effects 323:329 arg1 weights 450:456 wet and dry weights 438:456 weights 450:456 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 25 from effects 323:329 arg1 responses 399:407 different responses 389:407 different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 389:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 25 from effects 323:329 arg1 thickness 417:425 thickness 417:425 thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 417:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 26 theme different 389:397 arg1 weights 450:456 wet and dry weights 438:456 weights 450:456 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 26 theme different 389:397 arg1 responses 399:407 different responses 389:407 different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 389:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 26 theme different 389:397 arg1 thickness 417:425 thickness 417:425 thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 417:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 7 27 theme similar 1037:1043 arg1 spectrum 1045:1052 completely similar spectrum 1026:1052 completely similar spectrum 1026:1052 In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed completely similar spectrum for both optimal and control samples. 31252013 3 28 theme vinasse 503:509 arg1 concentration 511:523 vinasse concentration 503:523 vinasse concentration 503:523 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 4 29 dep % 696:696 arg1 10 days 710:716 10 days 710:716 10 days 710:716 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 4 29 dep % 696:696 arg1 vinasse 698:704 vinasse 698:704 vinasse 698:704 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 0 30 theme cultivation 129:139 arg1 medium 141:146 a cheap cultivation medium 121:146 a cheap cultivation medium 121:146 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 0 30 theme cultivation 129:139 arg1 vinasse 110:116 vinasse 110:116 vinasse 110:116 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 8 31 theme X-ray 1096:1100 arg1 XRD 1115:1117 XRD 1115:1117 XRD 1115:1117 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 8 31 theme X-ray 1096:1100 arg1 diffraction 1102:1112 X-ray diffraction 1096:1112 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 1092:1127 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 8 32 theme crystalline 1142:1152 arg1 structure 1154:1162 the crystalline structure 1138:1162 the crystalline structure of the produced BC 1138:1181 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 9 33 theme TGA 1229:1231 arg1 test 1234:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test 1197:1237 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 0 34 theme cheap 123:127 arg1 medium 141:146 a cheap cultivation medium 121:146 a cheap cultivation medium 121:146 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 0 34 theme cheap 123:127 arg1 vinasse 110:116 vinasse 110:116 vinasse 110:116 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 5 35 theme network 866:872 arg1 structure 874:882 3D network structure 863:882 3D network structure of BC 863:888 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 0 36 theme cellulose 47:55 arg1 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 0 36 theme cellulose 47:55 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 2 37 theme BC 474:475 arg1 membrane 477:484 the produced BC membrane 461:484 the produced BC membrane 461:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 1 38 theme bacterial 199:207 arg1 BC 220:221 BC 220:221 BC 220:221 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 1 38 theme bacterial 199:207 arg1 cellulose 209:217 bacterial cellulose 199:217 bacterial cellulose (BC) 199:222 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 3 39 theme incubation 529:538 arg1 time 540:543 incubation time 529:543 incubation time 529:543 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 6 40 theme 30-120 nm 943:951 arg1 range 934:938 the range 930:938 the range of 30-120 nm 930:951 The average diameter of fibrils was in the range of 30-120 nm. 31252013 2 41 theme time 375:378 arg1 effects 323:329 the effects 319:329 the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 319:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 0 42 theme bacterial 37:45 arg1 cellulose 47:55 bacterial cellulose 37:55 bacterial cellulose 37:55 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 2 43 theme produced 465:472 arg1 membrane 477:484 the produced BC membrane 461:484 the produced BC membrane 461:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 4 44 theme optimized 672:680 arg1 conditions 682:691 the optimized conditions 668:691 the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) 668:717 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 4 44 theme optimized 672:680 arg1 % 696:696 40% vinasse and 10 days 694:716 40% vinasse and 10 days 694:716 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 3 45 theme time 540:543 arg1 increase 491:498 The increase 487:498 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time 487:543 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 2 46 theme incubation 364:373 arg1 time 375:378 incubation time 364:378 incubation time (Day) 364:384 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 46 theme incubation 364:373 arg1 Day 381:383 Day 381:383 Day 381:383 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 7 47 dep Fourier 971:977 arg1 transform 979:987 transform 979:987 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 979:1017 In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed completely similar spectrum for both optimal and control samples. 31252013 0 48 theme Komagatacibacter 69:84 arg1 PTCC 94:97 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 69:102 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 69:102 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 3 49 theme concentration 511:523 arg1 increase 491:498 The increase 487:498 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time 487:543 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 8 50 theme produced 1171:1178 arg1 BC 1180:1181 the produced BC 1167:1181 the produced BC 1167:1181 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 7 51 dep transform 979:987 arg1 infrared 989:996 infrared 989:996 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 979:1017 In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed completely similar spectrum for both optimal and control samples. 31252013 10 52 used used 1387:1390 arg2 source 1423:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source 1395:1428 a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC 1395:1453 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 10 52 used used 1387:1390 arg2 vinasse 1352:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 the vinasse 1348:1358 According to the results, the vinasse, as a by-product, could be used as a cheap and suitable carbon source for the production of BC. 31252013 5 53 theme Scanning 818:825 arg1 SEM 848:850 SEM 848:850 SEM 848:850 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 5 53 theme Scanning 818:825 arg1 microscopy 836:845 Scanning electron microscopy 818:845 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 818:851 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 7 54 dep optimal 1063:1069 arg1 samples 1083:1089 samples 1083:1089 samples 1083:1089 In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed completely similar spectrum for both optimal and control samples. 31252013 5 55 theme BC 887:888 arg1 structure 874:882 3D network structure 863:882 3D network structure of BC 863:888 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 1 56 used used 183:186 arg2 vinasse 171:177 vinasse 171:177 vinasse 171:177 In the present study, vinasse was used to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734. 31252013 5 57 theme electron 827:834 arg1 SEM 848:850 SEM 848:850 SEM 848:850 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 5 57 theme electron 827:834 arg1 microscopy 836:845 Scanning electron microscopy 818:845 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 818:851 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed 3D network structure of BC. 31252013 4 58 theme control 802:808 arg1 medium 810:815 a control medium 800:815 a control medium 800:815 The BC produced at the optimized conditions (40% vinasse and 10 days) was characterized and compared with the BC produced in Hestrin-Schramm medium as a control medium. 31252013 3 59 theme BC 585:586 arg1 weight 575:580 the wet weight 567:580 the wet weight of BC 567:586 The increase of vinasse concentration and incubation time caused an increase in the wet weight of BC; however, thickness decreased by increasing incubation time. 31252013 8 60 theme BC 1180:1181 arg1 structure 1154:1162 the crystalline structure 1138:1162 the crystalline structure of the produced BC 1138:1181 The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis approved the crystalline structure of the produced BC. 31252013 6 61 theme fibrils 915:921 arg1 diameter 903:910 The average diameter 891:910 The average diameter of fibrils 891:921 The average diameter of fibrils was in the range of 30-120 nm. 31252013 0 62 theme xylinus 86:92 arg1 PTCC 94:97 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 69:102 Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 69:102 Optimization and characterization of bacterial cellulose produced by Komagatacibacter xylinus PTCC 1734 using vinasse as a cheap cultivation medium. 31252013 2 63 theme concentration 342:354 arg1 effects 323:329 the effects 319:329 the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane 319:484 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 9 64 theme thermal 1269:1275 arg1 stability 1277:1285 the thermal stability 1265:1285 the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample 1265:1319 Furthermore, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test revealed no difference in the thermal stability of the optimum and control sample. 31252013 2 65 theme wet 438:440 arg1 weights 450:456 wet and dry weights 438:456 weights 450:456 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 66 theme vinasse 334:340 arg1 % 357:357 % 357:357 % 357:357 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 31252013 2 66 theme vinasse 334:340 arg1 concentration 342:354 vinasse concentration 334:354 vinasse concentration (%) 334:358 Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to evaluate the effects of vinasse concentration (%) and incubation time (Day) on different responses such as thickness as well as wet and dry weights of the produced BC membrane. 30218738 8 0 theme insulating 1132:1141 arg1 tests 1143:1147 insulating tests 1132:1147 insulating tests 1132:1147 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 9 1 from improvement 1240:1250 arg1 stability 1267:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 9 1 from improvement 1240:1250 arg1 enthalpy 1312:1319 the evaporation enthalpy 1296:1319 the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content 1296:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 2 theme scanning 966:973 arg1 DSC 988:990 DSC 988:990 DSC 988:990 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 2 theme scanning 966:973 arg1 calorimetry 975:985 differential scanning calorimetry 953:985 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 953:991 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 10 3 theme specimens 1520:1528 arg1 modulus 1509:1515 the storage modulus 1497:1515 the storage modulus of specimens 1497:1528 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 7 4 from treatment 790:798 arg1 handsheets 769:778 5 immersed handsheets 758:778 5 immersed handsheets from each treatment 758:798 To obtain composites, 5 immersed handsheets from each treatment were laid-up and hot pressed at 150 °C under 100 MPa pressure for 10 min. 30218738 10 5 theme mechanical 1369:1378 arg1 examinations 1380:1391 The mechanical examinations 1365:1391 The mechanical examinations 1365:1391 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 1 6 theme structural 323:332 arg1 properties 364:373 their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 317:373 their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 317:373 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 8 7 theme loss 1163:1166 arg1 factor 1168:1173 dielectric loss factor 1152:1173 dielectric loss factor 1152:1173 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 7 theme loss 1163:1166 arg1 specimens 878:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 13 8 theme dielectric 1798:1807 arg1 voltage 1819:1825 dielectric breakdown voltage 1798:1825 dielectric breakdown voltage 1798:1825 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 10 9 theme BC 1422:1423 arg1 content 1425:1431 BC content 1422:1431 BC content in nanocomposites 1422:1449 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 1 10 theme resin 221:225 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 8 11 theme dynamic 994:1000 arg1 DMA 1023:1025 DMA 1023:1025 DMA 1023:1025 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 11 theme dynamic 994:1000 arg1 analysis 1013:1020 dynamic mechanical analysis 994:1020 dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 994:1026 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 1 12 theme bacterial 239:247 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 10 13 from content 1425:1431 arg1 nanocomposites 1436:1449 nanocomposites 1436:1449 nanocomposites 1436:1449 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 13 14 theme dielectric 1770:1779 arg1 tangent 1786:1792 dielectric loss tangent 1770:1792 dielectric loss tangent 1770:1792 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 9 15 theme thermal 1213:1219 arg1 analysis 1221:1228 thermal analysis 1213:1228 thermal analysis 1213:1228 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 13 16 with specimens 1844:1852 arg1 content 1869:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 13 17 theme insulating 1738:1747 arg1 tests 1749:1753 insulating tests 1738:1753 insulating tests 1738:1753 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 1 18 theme insulator 181:189 arg1 nanocomposites 191:204 multilayer insulator nanocomposites 170:204 multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 170:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 12 19 theme impregnation 1695:1706 arg1 qualities 1676:1684 different qualities 1666:1684 different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers 1666:1720 FE-SEM characterization showed different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers. 30218738 5 20 theme disintegrated 622:634 arg1 BC 636:637 The disintegrated BC 618:637 The disintegrated BC 618:637 The disintegrated BC was turned into handsheets by a vacuum method. 30218738 6 21 theme phenolic 720:727 arg1 resin 729:733 phenolic resin 720:733 phenolic resin 720:733 Dried handsheets were immersed in phenolic resin. 30218738 3 22 theme kraft 500:504 arg1 pulp 506:509 kraft pulp 500:509 kraft pulp aqueous suspension 500:528 Then, BC aqueous suspension was added to kraft pulp aqueous suspension. 30218738 9 23 theme evaporation 1300:1310 arg1 enthalpy 1312:1319 the evaporation enthalpy 1296:1319 the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content 1296:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 24 theme mechanical 1037:1046 arg1 analysis 1048:1055 thermal mechanical analysis 1029:1055 thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) 1029:1061 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 24 theme mechanical 1037:1046 arg1 TMA 1058:1060 TMA 1058:1060 TMA 1058:1060 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 12 25 theme different 1666:1674 arg1 qualities 1676:1684 different qualities 1666:1684 different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers 1666:1720 FE-SEM characterization showed different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers. 30218738 4 26 theme BC 546:547 arg1 content 535:541 The content 531:541 The content of BC that was added to the pulp suspension 531:585 The content of BC that was added to the pulp suspension was as follows: 5, 10 and 15%. 30218738 10 27 theme loss 1456:1459 arg1 modulus 1461:1467 loss modulus 1456:1467 loss modulus 1456:1467 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 0 28 theme Multilayer 0:9 arg1 nanocomposites 38:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites 0:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 0:126 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 0 29 theme cellulose/resole 21:36 arg1 nanocomposites 38:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites 0:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 0:126 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 9 30 theme samples 1333:1339 arg1 enthalpy 1312:1319 the evaporation enthalpy 1296:1319 the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content 1296:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 31 theme thermogravimetric 919:935 arg1 TGA 947:949 TGA 947:949 TGA 947:949 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 31 theme thermogravimetric 919:935 arg1 analysis 937:944 thermogravimetric analysis 919:944 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 919:950 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 13 32 theme higher 1859:1864 arg1 content 1869:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 3 33 theme aqueous 511:517 arg1 suspension 519:528 kraft pulp aqueous suspension 500:528 kraft pulp aqueous suspension 500:528 Then, BC aqueous suspension was added to kraft pulp aqueous suspension. 30218738 9 34 theme higher 1346:1351 arg1 content 1356:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 35 theme field-emission 1064:1077 arg1 microscopy 1097:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 1064:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques 1064:1126 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 35 theme field-emission 1064:1077 arg1 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 3 36 theme BC 465:466 arg1 suspension 476:485 BC aqueous suspension 465:485 BC aqueous suspension 465:485 Then, BC aqueous suspension was added to kraft pulp aqueous suspension. 30218738 4 37 theme pulp 571:574 arg1 suspension 576:585 the pulp suspension 567:585 the pulp suspension 567:585 The content of BC that was added to the pulp suspension was as follows: 5, 10 and 15%. 30218738 2 38 theme Hestrin-Schramm 413:427 arg1 culture 429:435 a static Hestrin-Schramm culture 404:435 a static Hestrin-Schramm culture 404:435 G. xylinus was incubated in a static Hestrin-Schramm culture at 28 °C for 14 days. 30218738 8 39 theme electron 1088:1095 arg1 microscopy 1097:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 1064:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques 1064:1126 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 39 theme electron 1088:1095 arg1 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 10 40 theme storage 1501:1507 arg1 modulus 1509:1515 the storage modulus 1497:1515 the storage modulus of specimens 1497:1528 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 11 41 theme thermal 1560:1566 arg1 CTE 1579:1581 CTE 1579:1581 CTE 1579:1581 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 11 41 theme thermal 1560:1566 arg1 expansion 1568:1576 thermal expansion 1560:1576 thermal expansion (CTE) of samples 1560:1593 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 7 42 theme immersed 760:767 arg1 handsheets 769:778 5 immersed handsheets 758:778 5 immersed handsheets from each treatment 758:798 To obtain composites, 5 immersed handsheets from each treatment were laid-up and hot pressed at 150 °C under 100 MPa pressure for 10 min. 30218738 9 43 with samples 1333:1339 arg1 content 1356:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 44 theme differential 953:964 arg1 DSC 988:990 DSC 988:990 DSC 988:990 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 44 theme differential 953:964 arg1 calorimetry 975:985 differential scanning calorimetry 953:985 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 953:991 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 13 45 theme breakdown 1809:1817 arg1 voltage 1819:1825 dielectric breakdown voltage 1798:1825 dielectric breakdown voltage 1798:1825 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 13 46 theme loss 1781:1784 arg1 tangent 1786:1792 dielectric loss tangent 1770:1792 dielectric loss tangent 1770:1792 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 11 47 theme BC 1623:1624 arg1 content 1626:1632 BC content 1623:1632 BC content 1623:1632 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 5 48 theme vacuum 671:676 arg1 method 678:683 a vacuum method 669:683 a vacuum method 669:683 The disintegrated BC was turned into handsheets by a vacuum method. 30218738 1 49 theme phenolic 212:219 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 8 50 theme dielectric 1152:1161 arg1 factor 1168:1173 dielectric loss factor 1152:1173 dielectric loss factor 1152:1173 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 50 theme dielectric 1152:1161 arg1 specimens 878:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 51 theme mechanical 1002:1011 arg1 DMA 1023:1025 DMA 1023:1025 DMA 1023:1025 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 51 theme mechanical 1002:1011 arg1 analysis 1013:1020 dynamic mechanical analysis 994:1020 dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 994:1026 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 13 52 theme tests 1749:1753 arg1 results 1727:1733 The results 1723:1733 The results of insulating tests 1723:1753 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 11 53 theme expansion 1568:1576 arg1 coefficient 1545:1555 The coefficient 1541:1555 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples 1541:1593 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 1 54 theme impregnated 227:237 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 9 55 theme prepared 1324:1331 arg1 samples 1333:1339 prepared samples 1324:1339 prepared samples with higher BC content 1324:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 7 56 theme 100 MPa 845:851 arg1 pressure 853:860 100 MPa pressure 845:860 100 MPa pressure for 10 min 845:871 To obtain composites, 5 immersed handsheets from each treatment were laid-up and hot pressed at 150 °C under 100 MPa pressure for 10 min. 30218738 1 57 theme cellulose 249:257 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 8 58 theme breakdown 1179:1187 arg1 voltage 1189:1195 breakdown voltage 1179:1195 breakdown voltage 1179:1195 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 58 theme breakdown 1179:1187 arg1 specimens 878:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens 874:886 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 9 59 theme analysis 1221:1228 arg1 results 1202:1208 The results 1198:1208 The results of thermal analysis 1198:1228 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 1 60 theme BC 260:261 arg1 handsheets 264:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 212:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 9 61 from increase 1284:1291 arg1 stability 1267:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 9 61 from increase 1284:1291 arg1 enthalpy 1312:1319 the evaporation enthalpy 1296:1319 the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content 1296:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 1 62 theme research 144:151 arg1 aim 132:134 The aim 128:134 The aim of this research 128:151 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 0 63 theme electro-thermo-mechanical 90:114 arg1 properties 116:125 structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 75:125 structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 75:125 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 9 64 theme thermal 1259:1265 arg1 stability 1267:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 the thermal stability 1255:1275 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 1 65 theme multilayer 170:179 arg1 nanocomposites 191:204 multilayer insulator nanocomposites 170:204 multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets 170:273 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 12 66 theme papers 1715:1720 arg1 impregnation 1695:1706 resin impregnation 1689:1706 resin impregnation of the papers 1689:1720 FE-SEM characterization showed different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers. 30218738 8 67 theme thermal 1029:1035 arg1 analysis 1048:1055 thermal mechanical analysis 1029:1055 thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) 1029:1061 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 67 theme thermal 1029:1035 arg1 TMA 1058:1060 TMA 1058:1060 TMA 1058:1060 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 12 68 theme resin 1689:1693 arg1 impregnation 1695:1706 resin impregnation 1689:1706 resin impregnation of the papers 1689:1720 FE-SEM characterization showed different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers. 30218738 13 69 theme BC 1866:1867 arg1 content 1869:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 higher BC content 1859:1875 The results of insulating tests confirmed that dielectric loss tangent and dielectric breakdown voltage increased in the specimens with higher BC content. 30218738 12 70 theme FE-SEM 1635:1640 arg1 characterization 1642:1657 FE-SEM characterization 1635:1657 FE-SEM characterization 1635:1657 FE-SEM characterization showed different qualities of resin impregnation of the papers. 30218738 3 71 theme pulp 506:509 arg1 suspension 519:528 kraft pulp aqueous suspension 500:528 kraft pulp aqueous suspension 500:528 Then, BC aqueous suspension was added to kraft pulp aqueous suspension. 30218738 0 72 theme bacterial 11:19 arg1 nanocomposites 38:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites 0:51 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 0:126 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 4 73 dep follows 594:600 arg1 % 615:615 5, 10 and 15% 603:615 follows: 5, 10 and 15% 594:615 The content of BC that was added to the pulp suspension was as follows: 5, 10 and 15%. 30218738 1 74 theme electro-thermo-mechanical 338:362 arg1 properties 364:373 their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 317:373 their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 317:373 The aim of this research was to fabricate multilayer insulator nanocomposites using phenolic resin impregnated bacterial cellulose (BC) handsheets and investigate the relationships between their structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 6 75 theme Dried 686:690 arg1 handsheets 692:701 Dried handsheets 686:701 Dried handsheets 686:701 Dried handsheets were immersed in phenolic resin. 30218738 8 76 theme scanning 1079:1086 arg1 microscopy 1097:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy 1064:1106 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques 1064:1126 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 8 76 theme scanning 1079:1086 arg1 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 FE-SEM 1109:1114 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 10 77 theme tan 1473:1475 arg1 delta 1477:1481 tan delta 1473:1481 tan delta 1473:1481 The mechanical examinations indicated that by increasing BC content in nanocomposites, the loss modulus and tan delta increased and the storage modulus of specimens decreased. 30218738 0 78 theme structural 75:84 arg1 properties 116:125 structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 75:125 structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties 75:125 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 9 79 theme BC 1353:1354 arg1 content 1356:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 higher BC content 1346:1362 The results of thermal analysis showed an improvement in the thermal stability and an increase in the evaporation enthalpy of prepared samples with higher BC content. 30218738 8 80 theme microscopy 1097:1106 arg1 techniques 1117:1126 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques 1064:1126 field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques 1064:1126 The specimens were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal mechanical analysis (TMA), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques and insulating tests as dielectric loss factor and breakdown voltage. 30218738 3 81 theme aqueous 468:474 arg1 suspension 476:485 BC aqueous suspension 465:485 BC aqueous suspension 465:485 Then, BC aqueous suspension was added to kraft pulp aqueous suspension. 30218738 2 82 theme static 406:411 arg1 culture 429:435 a static Hestrin-Schramm culture 404:435 a static Hestrin-Schramm culture 404:435 G. xylinus was incubated in a static Hestrin-Schramm culture at 28 °C for 14 days. 30218738 0 83 dep nanocomposites 38:51 arg1 Relationship 54:65 Relationship 54:65 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 0:126 Multilayer bacterial cellulose/resole nanocomposites: Relationship between structural and electro-thermo-mechanical properties. 30218738 11 84 theme content 1626:1632 arg1 increase 1611:1618 increase 1611:1618 increase of BC content 1611:1632 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 11 85 theme samples 1587:1593 arg1 CTE 1579:1581 CTE 1579:1581 CTE 1579:1581 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 30218738 11 85 theme samples 1587:1593 arg1 expansion 1568:1576 thermal expansion 1560:1576 thermal expansion (CTE) of samples 1560:1593 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of samples diminished with increase of BC content. 31608562 9 0 theme gluten 1275:1280 arg1 peptides 1282:1289 gluten peptides 1275:1289 gluten peptides 1275:1289 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 8 1 theme immunogenic 1041:1051 arg1 peptides 1053:1060 gluten immunogenic peptides 1034:1060 gluten immunogenic peptides 1034:1060 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 11 2 theme new 1477:1479 arg1 arguments 1481:1489 new arguments 1477:1489 new arguments 1477:1489 If confirmed in humans, the authors bring new arguments to eat fiber-rich cereals to promote a healthy diet. 31608562 0 3 theme Detrimental 67:77 arg1 Effect 79:84 the Detrimental Effect 63:84 the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 63:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 3 4 theme control 513:519 arg1 diet 521:524 a control diet 511:524 a control diet 511:524 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 0 5 theme Gluten 89:94 arg1 Effect 79:84 the Detrimental Effect 63:84 the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 63:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 0 6 dep Face 10:13 arg1 Counteract 52:61 Counteract 52:61 Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 52:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 8 7 theme prolyl 974:979 arg1 endopeptidase 981:993 prolyl endopeptidase 974:993 prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides 974:1060 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 11 8 theme fiber-rich 1498:1507 arg1 cereals 1509:1515 fiber-rich cereals 1498:1515 fiber-rich cereals 1498:1515 If confirmed in humans, the authors bring new arguments to eat fiber-rich cereals to promote a healthy diet. 31608562 5 9 contain has 691:693 arg2 effect 703:708 a minor effect 695:708 a minor effect 695:708 Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. 31608562 5 9 contain has 691:693 arg1 Gluten 650:655 Gluten 650:655 Gluten 650:655 Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. 31608562 9 10 theme peptides 1282:1289 arg1 content 1264:1270 the cecal content 1254:1270 the cecal content of gluten peptides 1254:1289 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 4 11 dep gluten 642:647 arg1 WD 634:635 WD 634:635 WD 634:635 Prebiotics are tested in the WD with gluten. 31608562 4 11 dep gluten 642:647 arg1 the 630:632 the 630:632 the 630:632 Prebiotics are tested in the WD with gluten. 31608562 0 12 theme Metabolic 99:107 arg1 Homeostasis 109:119 Metabolic Homeostasis 99:119 Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 99:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 7 13 theme fat 897:899 arg1 pads 901:904 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 13 theme fat 897:899 arg1 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 13 theme fat 897:899 arg1 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 3 14 theme Western 527:533 arg1 diet 535:538 Western diet 527:538 Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose) 527:580 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 1 15 theme SCOPE 163:167 arg1 Cereals 169:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 15 theme SCOPE 163:167 arg1 sources 191:197 important sources 181:197 important sources of carbohydrates 181:214 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 8 16 theme endopeptidase 981:993 arg1 induction 961:969 the induction 957:969 the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides 957:1060 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 8 17 theme gluten 938:943 arg1 cleavage 945:952 gluten cleavage 938:952 gluten cleavage 938:952 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 2 18 theme FOS 406:408 arg1 -that 410:414 fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 381:414 fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 381:414 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 0 19 theme Janus 4:8 arg1 Face 10:13 The Janus Face 0:13 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 0:161 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 6 20 theme triglycerides 814:826 arg1 synthesis 828:836 the triglycerides synthesis 810:836 the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle 810:850 Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. 31608562 6 21 from expression 754:763 arg1 fat 792:794 the fat 788:794 the fat 788:794 Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. 31608562 9 22 theme cecal 1258:1262 arg1 content 1264:1270 the cecal content 1254:1270 the cecal content of gluten peptides 1254:1289 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 6 23 from synthesis 828:836 arg1 muscle 845:850 the muscle 841:850 the muscle 841:850 Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. 31608562 2 24 dep cereals 456:462 arg1 analyzed 468:475 analyzed 468:475 are analyzed 464:475 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 7 25 theme body 868:871 arg1 weight 873:878 body weight 868:878 body weight 868:878 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 3 26 theme high 559:562 arg1 sucrose 573:579 high fat/high sucrose 559:579 high fat/high sucrose 559:579 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 2 27 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 381:403 arg1 -that 410:414 fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 381:414 fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 381:414 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 2 28 theme gluten-containing 438:454 arg1 cereals 456:462 gluten-containing cereals 438:462 gluten-containing cereals are analyzed 438:475 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 10 29 theme cereal-derived 1412:1425 arg1 fibers 1427:1432 cereal-derived fibers 1412:1432 cereal-derived fibers 1412:1432 CONCLUSION While gluten may affect metabolic homeostasis, these effects are lessened when gluten is consumed along with cereal-derived fibers. 31608562 9 30 contain has 1070:1072 arg1 Gluten 1063:1068 Gluten 1063:1068 Gluten 1063:1068 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 9 30 contain has 1070:1072 arg2 effects 1080:1086 minor effects 1074:1086 minor effects 1074:1086 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 11 31 theme healthy 1530:1536 arg1 diet 1538:1541 a healthy diet 1528:1541 a healthy diet 1528:1541 If confirmed in humans, the authors bring new arguments to eat fiber-rich cereals to promote a healthy diet. 31608562 0 32 from Effect 79:84 arg1 Homeostasis 109:119 Metabolic Homeostasis 99:119 Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 99:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 2 33 theme gluten 293:298 arg1 contribution 277:288 The contribution 273:288 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 273:414 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 5 34 theme ileal 713:717 arg1 inflammation 719:730 ileal inflammation 713:730 ileal inflammation 713:730 Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. 31608562 7 35 from weight 873:878 arg1 pads 901:904 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 35 from weight 873:878 arg1 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 35 from weight 873:878 arg1 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 1 36 theme important 181:189 arg1 Cereals 169:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 36 theme important 181:189 arg1 sources 191:197 important sources 181:197 important sources of carbohydrates 181:214 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 37 theme carbohydrates 202:214 arg1 Cereals 169:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 37 theme carbohydrates 202:214 arg1 sources 191:197 important sources 181:197 important sources of carbohydrates 181:214 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 0 38 theme Cereals 18:24 arg1 Face 10:13 The Janus Face 0:13 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 0:161 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 3 39 theme % 595:595 arg1 gluten 597:602 5% gluten 594:602 5% gluten 594:602 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 1 40 contain contain 226:232 arg2 nutrients 234:242 nutrients 234:242 nutrients that could impact adiposity 234:270 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 40 contain contain 226:232 arg1 Cereals 169:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals 163:175 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 1 40 contain contain 226:232 arg1 sources 191:197 important sources 181:197 important sources of carbohydrates 181:214 SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. 31608562 2 41 theme -that 410:414 arg1 obesity 303:309 obesity 303:309 obesity 303:309 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 2 41 theme -that 410:414 arg1 effects 319:325 the effects 315:325 the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 315:414 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 5 42 theme body 675:678 arg1 weight 680:685 body weight 675:685 body weight 675:685 Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. 31608562 0 43 theme High-Fat/High-Sucrose 135:155 arg1 Diet 157:160 a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 133:160 a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 133:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 3 44 theme fat/high 564:571 arg1 sucrose 573:579 high fat/high sucrose 559:579 high fat/high sucrose 559:579 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 2 45 theme prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides 330:368 arg1 obesity 303:309 obesity 303:309 obesity 303:309 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 2 45 theme prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides 330:368 arg1 effects 319:325 the effects 315:325 the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that 315:414 The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. 31608562 0 46 theme Wheat-Derived 27:39 arg1 Prebiotics 41:50 Wheat-Derived Prebiotics 27:50 Wheat-Derived Prebiotics 27:50 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 31608562 8 47 theme gluten 1034:1039 arg1 peptides 1053:1060 gluten immunogenic peptides 1034:1060 gluten immunogenic peptides 1034:1060 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 9 48 theme minor 1074:1078 arg1 effects 1080:1086 minor effects 1074:1086 minor effects 1074:1086 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 3 49 dep diet 535:538 arg1 WD 541:542 WD 541:542 WD 541:542 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 10 50 link cereal-derived 1412:1425 arg1 fibers 1427:1432 cereal-derived fibers 1412:1432 cereal-derived fibers 1412:1432 CONCLUSION While gluten may affect metabolic homeostasis, these effects are lessened when gluten is consumed along with cereal-derived fibers. 31608562 8 51 theme peptides 1053:1060 arg1 reduction 1021:1029 a reduction 1019:1029 a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides 1019:1060 AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. 31608562 6 52 theme markers 777:783 arg1 expression 754:763 the expression 750:763 the expression of browning markers in the fat 750:794 Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. 31608562 3 53 theme 5 594:594 arg1 % 595:595 % 595:595 % 595:595 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 10 54 theme metabolic 1327:1335 arg1 homeostasis 1337:1347 metabolic homeostasis 1327:1347 metabolic homeostasis 1327:1347 CONCLUSION While gluten may affect metabolic homeostasis, these effects are lessened when gluten is consumed along with cereal-derived fibers. 31608562 7 55 from adiposity 884:892 arg1 pads 901:904 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 55 from adiposity 884:892 arg1 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 55 from adiposity 884:892 arg1 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 56 dep pads 901:904 arg1 pads 901:904 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 fat pads muscle and liver 897:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 56 dep pads 901:904 arg1 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 liver 917:921 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 7 56 dep pads 901:904 arg1 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 muscle 906:911 AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. 31608562 6 57 theme browning 768:775 arg1 markers 777:783 browning markers 768:783 browning markers 768:783 Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. 31608562 3 58 dep METHODS 478:484 arg1 Mice 498:501 Mice 498:501 Mice 498:501 METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. 31608562 9 59 theme cecal 1091:1095 arg1 composition 1108:1118 cecal microbiota composition 1091:1118 cecal microbiota composition 1091:1118 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 5 60 theme minor 697:701 arg1 effect 703:708 a minor effect 695:708 a minor effect 695:708 Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. 31608562 9 61 theme microbiota 1097:1106 arg1 composition 1108:1118 cecal microbiota composition 1091:1118 cecal microbiota composition 1091:1118 Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. 31608562 0 62 from Homeostasis 109:119 arg1 Mice 124:127 Mice 124:127 Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet 124:160 The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. 30776442 8 0 from film 1007:1010 arg1 24 h 1025:1028 the first 24 h 1015:1028 the first 24 h 1015:1028 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 10 1 theme colon 1230:1234 arg1 cells 1236:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 8 2 theme composite 997:1005 arg1 film 1007:1010 the composite film 993:1010 the composite film in the first 24 h 993:1028 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 8 3 theme Silver 950:955 arg1 ions 957:960 Silver ions 950:960 Silver ions 950:960 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 10 4 theme FHC 1226:1228 arg1 cells 1236:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 1 5 theme active 240:245 arg1 functions 247:255 the active functions 236:255 the active functions of food packaging materials 236:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 5 6 theme surface 634:640 arg1 SPR 661:663 SPR 661:663 SPR 661:663 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 5 6 theme surface 634:640 arg1 resonance 650:658 surface plasmon resonance 634:658 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 6 7 theme film 785:788 arg1 preparation 790:800 film preparation 785:800 film preparation 785:800 AgNPs were distributed individually in the composite after synthesis, but aggregated during film preparation. 30776442 5 8 theme plasmon 642:648 arg1 SPR 661:663 SPR 661:663 SPR 661:663 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 5 8 theme plasmon 642:648 arg1 resonance 650:658 surface plasmon resonance 634:658 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 2 9 from effects 335:341 arg1 humans 346:351 humans 346:351 humans 346:351 However, nanomaterials may pose unexpected toxic effects on humans. 30776442 10 10 theme AgNPs 1266:1270 arg1 uptake 1256:1261 the uptake 1252:1261 the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism 1252:1301 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 6 11 dep synthesis 752:760 arg1 the 732:734 the 732:734 the 732:734 AgNPs were distributed individually in the composite after synthesis, but aggregated during film preparation. 30776442 6 11 dep synthesis 752:760 arg1 composite 736:744 composite 736:744 composite 736:744 AgNPs were distributed individually in the composite after synthesis, but aggregated during film preparation. 30776442 9 12 theme CNF/AgNP 1035:1042 arg1 composite 1044:1052 The CNF/AgNP composite 1031:1052 The CNF/AgNP composite 1031:1052 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 0 13 theme colon 112:116 arg1 cells 118:122 human colon cells 106:122 human colon cells 106:122 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 7 14 theme hydrogen 836:843 arg1 bonds 845:849 hydrogen bonds 836:849 hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose 836:890 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 5 15 theme average 596:602 arg1 size 604:607 an average size 593:607 an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm 593:626 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 8 16 attach released 979:986 arg1 film 1007:1010 the composite film 993:1010 the composite film in the first 24 h 993:1028 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 8 16 attach released 979:986 arg2 ions 957:960 Silver ions 950:960 Silver ions 950:960 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 11 17 theme antimicrobial 1411:1423 arg1 composite 1369:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 11 17 theme antimicrobial 1411:1423 arg1 material 1425:1432 an antimicrobial material 1408:1432 an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems 1408:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 1 18 theme silver 158:163 arg1 AgNPs 180:184 AgNPs 180:184 AgNPs 180:184 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 18 theme silver 158:163 arg1 nanofibrils 135:145 Cellulose nanofibrils 125:145 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) 125:152 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 18 theme silver 158:163 arg1 nanoparticles 165:177 silver nanoparticles 158:177 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 158:185 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 18 theme silver 158:163 arg1 fillers 202:208 nano-sized fillers 191:208 nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials 191:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 0 19 theme human 106:110 arg1 cells 118:122 human colon cells 106:122 human colon cells 106:122 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 8 20 theme first 1019:1023 arg1 24 h 1025:1028 the first 24 h 1015:1028 the first 24 h 1015:1028 Silver ions were efficiently released from the composite film in the first 24 h. 30776442 7 21 theme AgNPs 820:824 arg1 formation 807:815 The formation 803:815 The formation of AgNPs 803:824 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 3 22 theme CNF/AgNP 410:417 arg1 composite 419:427 a novel CNF/AgNP composite 402:427 a novel CNF/AgNP composite 402:427 Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a novel CNF/AgNP composite and investigate its properties and cytotoxicity. 30776442 9 23 theme inhibitory 1064:1073 arg1 effects 1075:1081 inhibitory effects 1064:1081 inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes 1064:1136 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 1 24 theme food 260:263 arg1 materials 275:283 food packaging materials 260:283 food packaging materials 260:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 5 25 theme 10.72 ± 4.96 nm 612:626 arg1 peak 677:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak 632:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 5 25 theme 10.72 ± 4.96 nm 612:626 arg1 size 604:607 an average size 593:607 an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm 593:626 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 5 26 theme embedded 560:567 arg1 AgNPs 554:558 The AgNPs 550:558 The AgNPs embedded in the composite 550:584 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 0 27 theme active 57:62 arg1 composite 41:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 0 27 theme active 57:62 arg1 system 79:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 1 28 theme packaging 265:273 arg1 materials 275:283 food packaging materials 260:283 food packaging materials 260:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 5 29 theme absorption 666:675 arg1 peak 677:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak 632:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 7 30 theme hydrogen-bond 907:919 arg1 intensity 921:929 the hydrogen-bond intensity 903:929 the hydrogen-bond intensity 903:929 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 11 31 theme food 1444:1447 arg1 systems 1459:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 0 32 theme nanoparticle 28:39 arg1 composite 41:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 0 32 theme nanoparticle 28:39 arg1 system 79:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 1 33 theme materials 275:283 arg1 functions 247:255 the active functions 236:255 the active functions of food packaging materials 236:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 9 34 theme Escherichia 1086:1096 arg1 O157 1103:1106 O157 1103:1106 Escherichia coli O157:H7 1086:1109 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 11 35 theme active 1437:1442 arg1 systems 1459:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 11 36 from material 1425:1432 arg1 systems 1459:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 7 37 theme cellulose 882:890 arg1 cellulose 882:890 cellulose 882:890 cellulose 882:890 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 7 37 theme cellulose 882:890 arg1 groups 872:877 the hydroxyl groups 859:877 the hydroxyl groups of cellulose 859:890 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 1 38 theme nano-sized 191:200 arg1 nanofibrils 135:145 Cellulose nanofibrils 125:145 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) 125:152 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 38 theme nano-sized 191:200 arg1 nanoparticles 165:177 silver nanoparticles 158:177 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 158:185 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 38 theme nano-sized 191:200 arg1 fillers 202:208 nano-sized fillers 191:208 nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials 191:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 3 39 theme novel 404:408 arg1 composite 419:427 a novel CNF/AgNP composite 402:427 a novel CNF/AgNP composite 402:427 Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a novel CNF/AgNP composite and investigate its properties and cytotoxicity. 30776442 5 40 from 397 nm 685:690 arg1 peak 677:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak 632:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 5 40 from 397 nm 685:690 arg1 size 604:607 an average size 593:607 an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm 593:626 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 11 41 used used 1400:1403 arg2 composite 1369:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 11 41 used used 1400:1403 arg2 material 1425:1432 an antimicrobial material 1408:1432 an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems 1408:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 0 42 theme food 64:67 arg1 composite 41:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 0 42 theme food 64:67 arg1 system 79:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 5 43 theme resonance 650:658 arg1 peak 677:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak 632:680 a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm 632:690 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 11 44 theme CNF/AgNP 1360:1367 arg1 material 1425:1432 an antimicrobial material 1408:1432 an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems 1408:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 11 44 theme CNF/AgNP 1360:1367 arg1 composite 1369:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 9 45 from effects 1075:1081 arg1 monocytogenes 1124:1136 Listeria monocytogenes 1115:1136 Listeria monocytogenes 1115:1136 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 9 45 from effects 1075:1081 arg1 O157 1103:1106 O157 1103:1106 Escherichia coli O157:H7 1086:1109 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 3 46 theme work 382:385 arg1 objective 364:372 the objective 360:372 the objective of this work 360:385 Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a novel CNF/AgNP composite and investigate its properties and cytotoxicity. 30776442 4 47 theme reduction 520:528 arg1 method 530:535 a reduction method 518:535 a reduction method using NaBH4 518:547 The CNF/AgNP composite was prepared via a reduction method using NaBH4. 30776442 2 48 theme toxic 329:333 arg1 effects 335:341 unexpected toxic effects 318:341 unexpected toxic effects on humans 318:351 However, nanomaterials may pose unexpected toxic effects on humans. 30776442 10 49 theme Caco-2 1215:1220 arg1 cells 1236:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1215:1240 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 10 50 theme endosomal 1283:1291 arg1 mechanism 1293:1301 an endosomal mechanism 1280:1301 an endosomal mechanism 1280:1301 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 1 51 theme Cellulose 125:133 arg1 CNFs 148:151 CNFs 148:151 CNFs 148:151 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 51 theme Cellulose 125:133 arg1 nanofibrils 135:145 Cellulose nanofibrils 125:145 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) 125:152 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 51 theme Cellulose 125:133 arg1 nanoparticles 165:177 silver nanoparticles 158:177 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 158:185 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 1 51 theme Cellulose 125:133 arg1 fillers 202:208 nano-sized fillers 191:208 nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials 191:283 Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are nano-sized fillers widely used for enhancing the active functions of food packaging materials. 30776442 9 52 theme Listeria 1115:1122 arg1 monocytogenes 1124:1136 Listeria monocytogenes 1115:1136 Listeria monocytogenes 1115:1136 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 11 53 theme packaging 1449:1457 arg1 systems 1459:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 active food packaging systems 1437:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 2 54 theme unexpected 318:327 arg1 effects 335:341 unexpected toxic effects 318:341 unexpected toxic effects on humans 318:351 However, nanomaterials may pose unexpected toxic effects on humans. 30776442 11 55 theme as-prepared 1348:1358 arg1 material 1425:1432 an antimicrobial material 1408:1432 an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems 1408:1465 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 11 55 theme as-prepared 1348:1358 arg1 composite 1369:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite 1344:1377 These results suggest that the as-prepared CNF/AgNP composite could potentially be used as an antimicrobial material in active food packaging systems. 30776442 10 56 theme cells 1236:1240 arg1 viability 1202:1210 the viability 1198:1210 the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells 1198:1240 The composite (50-1000 μg/mL) did not significantly reduce the viability of Caco-2 and FHC colon cells, although the uptake of AgNPs through an endosomal mechanism was observed. 30776442 5 57 dep composite 576:584 arg1 the 572:574 the 572:574 the 572:574 The AgNPs embedded in the composite showed an average size of 10.72 ± 4.96 nm and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak at 397 nm. 30776442 0 58 theme packaging 69:77 arg1 composite 41:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 nanoparticle composite 28:49 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 0 58 theme packaging 69:77 arg1 system 79:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 an active food packaging system 54:84 Cellulose nanofibril/silver nanoparticle composite as an active food packaging system and its toxicity to human colon cells. 30776442 4 59 theme CNF/AgNP 482:489 arg1 composite 491:499 The CNF/AgNP composite 478:499 The CNF/AgNP composite 478:499 The CNF/AgNP composite was prepared via a reduction method using NaBH4. 30776442 9 60 dep O157 1103:1106 arg1 H7 1108:1109 H7 1108:1109 Escherichia coli O157:H7 1086:1109 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 9 60 dep O157 1103:1106 arg1 coli 1098:1101 Escherichia coli O157:H7 1086:1109 Escherichia coli O157:H7 1086:1109 The CNF/AgNP composite exhibited inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. 30776442 7 61 theme hydroxyl 863:870 arg1 cellulose 882:890 cellulose 882:890 cellulose 882:890 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 30776442 7 61 theme hydroxyl 863:870 arg1 groups 872:877 the hydroxyl groups 859:877 the hydroxyl groups of cellulose 859:890 The formation of AgNPs disrupted hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, weakening the hydrogen-bond intensity, as shown by FTIR. 29565567 6 0 theme water 1088:1092 arg1 molecules 1094:1102 the water molecules 1084:1102 the water molecules 1084:1102 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 3 1 theme varied 508:513 arg1 sources 515:521 varied sources 508:521 varied sources 508:521 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 2 from sources 515:521 arg1 Comparison 471:480 Comparison 471:480 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, 471:552 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 2 from sources 515:521 arg1 samples 495:501 cellulose samples 485:501 cellulose samples 485:501 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 3 theme kraft 542:546 arg1 pulp 548:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 4 from Comparison 471:480 arg1 sources 515:521 varied sources 508:521 varied sources 508:521 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 4 from Comparison 471:480 arg1 pulp 548:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 2 5 theme crystal 271:277 arg1 structure 279:287 the crystal structure 267:287 the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ 267:310 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 2 6 theme Iβ 309:310 arg1 structure 279:287 the crystal structure 267:287 the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ 267:310 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 5 7 theme cellulose 874:882 arg1 samples 884:890 kraft cellulose samples 868:890 kraft cellulose samples 868:890 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 6 8 theme amorphous 1141:1149 arg1 domains 1161:1167 the amorphous cellulose domains 1137:1167 the amorphous cellulose domains 1137:1167 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 2 9 theme Iα 302:303 arg1 structure 279:287 the crystal structure 267:287 the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ 267:310 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 2 10 theme Estimated 235:243 arg1 spectra 245:251 Estimated spectra 235:251 Estimated spectra 235:251 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 1 11 theme CASTEP 214:219 arg1 calculations 221:232 periodic CASTEP calculations 205:232 periodic CASTEP calculations 205:232 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 1 12 theme hydrogen 122:129 arg1 networks 136:143 hydrogen bond networks 122:143 hydrogen bond networks 122:143 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 8 13 theme future 1455:1460 arg1 use 1462:1464 future use 1455:1464 future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1455:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 4 14 theme crystallinity 715:727 arg1 index 729:733 A high crystallinity index 708:733 A high crystallinity index 708:733 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 1 15 theme networks 136:143 arg1 dynamics 110:117 the dynamics 106:117 the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose 106:156 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 1 16 theme bond 131:134 arg1 networks 136:143 hydrogen bond networks 122:143 hydrogen bond networks 122:143 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 7 17 theme vibrational 1333:1343 arg1 modes 1345:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 0 18 theme Scattering 62:71 arg1 Spectroscopy 73:84 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 8 19 theme spectroscopy 1473:1484 arg1 use 1462:1464 future use 1455:1464 future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1455:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 7 20 theme partial 1216:1222 arg1 disruption 1224:1233 a partial disruption 1214:1233 a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network 1214:1262 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 1 21 theme inelastic 166:174 arg1 INS 196:198 INS 196:198 INS 196:198 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 1 21 theme inelastic 166:174 arg1 scattering 184:193 inelastic neutron scattering 166:193 inelastic neutron scattering (INS) 166:199 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 5 22 with related 924:930 arg1 group 955:959 the hydroxymethyl group 937:959 the hydroxymethyl group 937:959 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 4 23 theme well-defined 766:777 arg1 bands 783:787 well-defined INS bands 766:787 well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 766:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 7 24 theme microcrystals 1191:1203 arg1 formation 1174:1182 The formation 1170:1182 The formation of ice microcrystals 1170:1203 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 5 25 theme preferred 980:988 arg1 site 998:1001 the preferred binding site 976:1001 the preferred binding site for water molecules 976:1021 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 7 26 theme OH 1330:1331 arg1 modes 1345:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 2 27 theme vibrational 439:449 arg1 modes 451:455 vibrational modes 439:455 vibrational modes of cellulose 439:468 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 8 28 theme cellulose 1528:1536 arg1 fibers 1538:1543 functionalized cellulose fibers 1513:1543 functionalized cellulose fibers 1513:1543 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 0 29 theme Hydrogen 0:7 arg1 Dynamics 14:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics 0:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose 0:34 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 5 30 theme hydroxymethyl 941:953 arg1 group 955:959 the hydroxymethyl group 937:959 the hydroxymethyl group 937:959 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 2 31 theme bands 430:434 arg1 assignment 412:421 a reliable assignment 401:421 a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose 401:468 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 8 32 theme materials 1559:1567 arg1 characterization 1493:1508 the characterization 1489:1508 the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1489:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 4 33 theme cooperative 812:822 arg1 modes 835:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes 805:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 805:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 2 34 theme reliable 403:410 arg1 assignment 412:421 a reliable assignment 401:421 a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose 401:468 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 0 35 theme Cellulose 26:34 arg1 Dynamics 14:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics 0:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose 0:34 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 6 36 theme humidity 1032:1039 arg1 level 1049:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 3 37 theme torsional 628:636 arg1 motions 638:644 C2-OH torsional motions 622:644 C2-OH torsional motions 622:644 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 8 38 theme INS 1406:1408 arg1 spectra 1410:1416 cellulose's INS spectra 1394:1416 cellulose's INS spectra herein provided 1394:1432 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 3 39 theme cellulose 485:493 arg1 samples 495:501 cellulose samples 485:501 cellulose samples 485:501 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 0 40 theme Inelastic 44:52 arg1 Scattering 62:71 Inelastic Neutron Scattering 44:71 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 4 41 theme bands 783:787 arg1 presence 754:761 the presence 750:761 the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 750:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 1 42 from dynamics 110:117 arg1 cellulose 148:156 cellulose 148:156 cellulose 148:156 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 3 43 theme bacterial 529:537 arg1 pulp 548:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 bacterial to kraft pulp 529:551 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 0 44 dep Dynamics 14:21 arg1 Spectroscopy 73:84 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 5 45 theme water 1007:1011 arg1 molecules 1013:1021 water molecules 1007:1021 water molecules 1007:1021 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 6 46 theme molecules 1094:1102 arg1 proportion 1070:1079 a significant proportion 1056:1079 a significant proportion of the water molecules 1056:1102 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 2 47 theme cellulose 346:354 arg1 samples 356:362 cellulose samples 346:362 cellulose samples with remarkable similarity 346:389 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 7 48 theme hydrogen-bond 1242:1254 arg1 network 1256:1262 the hydrogen-bond network 1238:1262 the hydrogen-bond network 1238:1262 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 4 49 theme bending 827:833 arg1 modes 835:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes 805:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 805:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 8 50 dep assignment 1361:1370 arg1 The 1352:1354 The 1352:1354 The 1352:1354 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 1 51 theme neutron 176:182 arg1 INS 196:198 INS 196:198 INS 196:198 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 1 51 theme neutron 176:182 arg1 scattering 184:193 inelastic neutron scattering 166:193 inelastic neutron scattering (INS) 166:199 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 5 52 theme kraft 868:872 arg1 samples 884:890 kraft cellulose samples 868:890 kraft cellulose samples 868:890 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 6 53 theme cellulose 1151:1159 arg1 domains 1161:1167 the amorphous cellulose domains 1137:1167 the amorphous cellulose domains 1137:1167 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 8 54 theme sound 1439:1443 arg1 basis 1445:1449 a sound basis 1437:1449 a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1437:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 54 theme sound 1439:1443 arg1 assignment 1361:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 54 theme sound 1439:1443 arg1 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 3 55 theme samples 495:501 arg1 Comparison 471:480 Comparison 471:480 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, 471:552 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 56 theme characteristic 583:596 arg1 bands 602:606 characteristic INS bands 583:606 characteristic INS bands 583:606 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 1 57 theme periodic 205:212 arg1 calculations 221:232 periodic CASTEP calculations 205:232 periodic CASTEP calculations 205:232 This work explores the dynamics of hydrogen bond networks in cellulose through inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and periodic CASTEP calculations. 29565567 5 58 theme INS 914:916 arg1 bands 918:922 those INS bands 908:922 those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules 908:1021 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 3 59 from pulp 548:551 arg1 Comparison 471:480 Comparison 471:480 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, 471:552 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 59 from pulp 548:551 arg1 samples 495:501 cellulose samples 485:501 cellulose samples 485:501 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 5 60 theme related 924:930 arg1 bands 918:922 those INS bands 908:922 those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules 908:1021 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 6 61 theme high 1027:1030 arg1 level 1049:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 8 62 theme INS 1469:1471 arg1 spectroscopy 1473:1484 INS spectroscopy 1469:1484 INS spectroscopy 1469:1484 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 4 63 theme high 710:713 arg1 index 729:733 A high crystallinity index 708:733 A high crystallinity index 708:733 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 3 64 theme bands 602:606 arg1 identification 565:578 the identification 561:578 the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent 561:705 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 3 65 dep pulp 548:551 arg1 to 539:540 to 539:540 to 539:540 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 7 66 theme modes 1345:1349 arg1 red-shift 1303:1311 the observed red-shift 1290:1311 the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes 1290:1349 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 8 67 theme spectra 1410:1416 arg1 basis 1445:1449 a sound basis 1437:1449 a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1437:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 67 theme spectra 1410:1416 arg1 assignment 1361:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 67 theme spectra 1410:1416 arg1 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 68 theme functionalized 1513:1526 arg1 fibers 1538:1543 functionalized cellulose fibers 1513:1543 functionalized cellulose fibers 1513:1543 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 7 69 theme ice 1187:1189 arg1 microcrystals 1191:1203 ice microcrystals 1187:1203 ice microcrystals 1187:1203 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 7 70 theme torsional 1320:1328 arg1 modes 1345:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 the torsional OH vibrational modes 1316:1349 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 8 71 theme fibers 1538:1543 arg1 characterization 1493:1508 the characterization 1489:1508 the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1489:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 72 from use 1462:1464 arg1 characterization 1493:1508 the characterization 1489:1508 the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1489:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 0 73 theme Bond 9:12 arg1 Dynamics 14:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics 0:21 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose 0:34 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 6 74 theme significant 1058:1068 arg1 proportion 1070:1079 a significant proportion 1056:1079 a significant proportion of the water molecules 1056:1102 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 8 75 theme composite 1549:1557 arg1 materials 1559:1567 composite materials 1549:1567 composite materials 1549:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 76 theme full 1356:1359 arg1 basis 1445:1449 a sound basis 1437:1449 a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials 1437:1567 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 76 theme full 1356:1359 arg1 assignment 1361:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 full assignment 1356:1370 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 8 76 theme full 1356:1359 arg1 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 interpretation 1376:1389 The full assignment and interpretation of cellulose's INS spectra herein provided is a sound basis for future use of INS spectroscopy in the characterization of functionalized cellulose fibers and composite materials. 29565567 2 77 theme remarkable 369:378 arg1 similarity 380:389 remarkable similarity 369:389 remarkable similarity 369:389 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 7 78 theme observed 1294:1301 arg1 red-shift 1303:1311 the observed red-shift 1290:1311 the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes 1290:1349 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 2 79 theme INS 426:428 arg1 bands 430:434 INS bands 426:434 INS bands 426:434 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 3 80 dep prevalent 697:705 arg1 Iβ-is 691:695 Iβ-is 691:695 Iβ-is 691:695 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 6 81 theme content 1041:1047 arg1 level 1049:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 high humidity content level 1027:1053 At high humidity content level, a significant proportion of the water molecules is aggregated in clusters within the amorphous cellulose domains. 29565567 2 82 theme cellulose 460:468 arg1 modes 451:455 vibrational modes 439:455 vibrational modes of cellulose 439:468 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 3 83 theme C2-OH 622:626 arg1 motions 638:644 C2-OH torsional motions 622:644 C2-OH torsional motions 622:644 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 0 84 theme Neutron 54:60 arg1 Scattering 62:71 Inelastic Neutron Scattering 44:71 Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy 44:84 Hydrogen Bond Dynamics of Cellulose through Inelastic Neutron Scattering Spectroscopy. 29565567 4 85 theme CH 824:825 arg1 modes 835:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes 805:839 highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 805:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 2 86 theme INS 330:332 arg1 spectrum 334:341 the INS spectrum 326:341 the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity 326:389 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 5 87 theme binding 990:996 arg1 site 998:1001 the preferred binding site 976:1001 the preferred binding site for water molecules 976:1021 Hydrating kraft cellulose samples clearly affects those INS bands related with the hydroxymethyl group, identified as the preferred binding site for water molecules. 29565567 3 88 theme INS 598:600 arg1 bands 602:606 characteristic INS bands 583:606 characteristic INS bands 583:606 Comparison of cellulose samples from varied sources, from bacterial to kraft pulp, allows the identification of characteristic INS bands, arising from C2-OH torsional motions, which easily identify which allomorph-Iα or Iβ-is prevalent. 29565567 4 89 theme INS 779:781 arg1 bands 783:787 well-defined INS bands 766:787 well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain 766:855 A high crystallinity index is revealed by the presence of well-defined INS bands associated with highly cooperative CH bending modes along the chain. 29565567 2 90 with samples 356:362 arg1 similarity 380:389 remarkable similarity 369:389 remarkable similarity 369:389 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 29565567 7 91 theme network 1256:1262 arg1 disruption 1224:1233 a partial disruption 1214:1233 a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network 1214:1262 The formation of ice microcrystals leads to a partial disruption of the hydrogen-bond network, as can be concluded from the observed red-shift of the torsional OH vibrational modes. 29565567 2 92 theme samples 356:362 arg1 spectrum 334:341 the INS spectrum 326:341 the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity 326:389 Estimated spectra were based on the crystal structure of cellulose Iα and Iβ and replicate the INS spectrum of cellulose samples with remarkable similarity, allowing a reliable assignment of INS bands to vibrational modes of cellulose. 31610186 4 0 theme BEAS-2B 1047:1053 arg1 cells 1055:1059 BEAS-2B cells 1047:1059 BEAS-2B cells 1047:1059 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 1 theme BEAS-2B 1282:1288 arg1 cells 1290:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 9 2 theme C7-OH 1636:1640 arg1 presence 1617:1624 the presence 1613:1624 the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids 1613:1692 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 6 3 theme oxidative 1227:1235 arg1 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 3 theme oxidative 1227:1235 arg1 malondialdehyde 1251:1265 oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde 1227:1265 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells 1214:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 3 4 from structures 669:678 arg1 subclasses 689:698 seven subclasses [anthocyanidins 683:714 seven subclasses [anthocyanidins 683:714 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 4 from structures 669:678 arg1 chalcones 717:725 chalcones 717:725 chalcones 717:725 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 2 5 theme anti-inflammatory 307:323 arg1 effects 325:331 anti-inflammatory effects 307:331 anti-inflammatory effects 307:331 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 4 6 from release 935:941 arg1 cells 1055:1059 BEAS-2B cells 1047:1059 BEAS-2B cells 1047:1059 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 9 7 theme C2=C3 1643:1647 arg1 presence 1617:1624 the presence 1613:1624 the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids 1613:1692 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 1 8 attach present 204:210 arg2 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 8 attach present 204:210 arg2 compounds 178:186 polyphenolic compounds 165:186 polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine 165:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 8 attach present 204:210 arg1 food 215:218 food 215:218 food 215:218 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 8 attach present 204:210 arg1 medicine 232:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 9 9 theme C4=O 1653:1656 arg1 presence 1617:1624 the presence 1613:1624 the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids 1613:1692 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 2 10 from role 369:372 arg1 effect 457:462 the anti-inflammatory effect 435:462 the anti-inflammatory effect 435:462 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 6 11 theme factor-kappa 1174:1185 arg1 NF-κB 1190:1194 NF-κB 1190:1194 NF-κB 1190:1194 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 11 theme factor-kappa 1174:1185 arg1 B 1187:1187 nuclear factor-kappa B 1166:1187 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 12 theme malondialdehyde 1251:1265 arg1 level 1273:1277 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level 1214:1277 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells 1214:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 3 13 theme different 597:605 arg1 flavonoids 607:616 different flavonoids 597:616 different flavonoids 597:616 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 1 14 theme Chinese 224:230 arg1 medicine 232:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 4 15 theme LPS-induced 923:933 arg1 release 935:941 LPS-induced release 923:941 LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells 923:1059 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 16 theme marker 1244:1249 arg1 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 16 theme marker 1244:1249 arg1 malondialdehyde 1251:1265 oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde 1227:1265 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells 1214:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 2 17 theme present 257:263 arg1 study 265:269 the present study 253:269 the present study 253:269 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 18 theme C3-OH 1761:1765 arg1 group 1784:1788 C3-OH or glycosylation group 1761:1788 group 1784:1788 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 7 19 theme NF-κB 1374:1378 arg1 activity 1380:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 9 20 attach presence 1617:1624 arg2 C4=O 1653:1656 C4=O 1653:1656 C4=O 1653:1656 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 20 attach presence 1617:1624 arg1 flavonoids 1683:1692 the flavonoids 1679:1692 the flavonoids 1679:1692 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 20 attach presence 1617:1624 arg2 C2=C3 1643:1647 C2=C3 1643:1647 C2=C3 1643:1647 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 20 attach presence 1617:1624 arg2 C7-OH 1636:1640 C7-OH 1636:1640 C7-OH 1636:1640 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 1 21 from medicine 232:239 arg1 present 204:210 present 204:210 present 204:210 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 8 22 theme cAMP 1461:1464 arg1 level 1466:1470 the cAMP level 1457:1470 the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells 1457:1487 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 3 23 dep absence 574:580 arg1 the 570:572 the 570:572 the 570:572 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 2 24 with flavonoids 291:300 arg1 effects 325:331 anti-inflammatory effects 307:331 anti-inflammatory effects 307:331 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 25 theme anti-inflammatory 1721:1737 arg1 effect 1739:1744 greater anti-inflammatory effect 1713:1744 greater anti-inflammatory effect 1713:1744 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 7 26 theme LPS-induced 1341:1351 arg1 increases 1353:1361 LPS-induced increases 1341:1361 LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level 1341:1401 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 0 27 theme human 83:87 arg1 cells 110:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 0 28 theme epithelial 99:108 arg1 cells 110:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 5 29 theme LPS-induced 1099:1109 arg1 levels 1125:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 Quercetin caused further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels. 31610186 9 30 from presence 1617:1624 arg1 flavonoids 1683:1692 the flavonoids 1679:1692 the flavonoids 1679:1692 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 4 31 theme cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 release 935:941 LPS-induced release 923:941 LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells 923:1059 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 8 32 theme cell-permeable 1498:1511 arg1 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 8 32 theme cell-permeable 1498:1511 arg1 analogue 1518:1525 the cell-permeable cAMP analogue 1494:1525 the cell-permeable cAMP analogue 1494:1525 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 1 33 located present 204:210 arg2 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 33 located present 204:210 arg2 compounds 178:186 polyphenolic compounds 165:186 polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine 165:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 33 located present 204:210 arg1 food 215:218 food 215:218 food 215:218 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 33 located present 204:210 arg1 medicine 232:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 4 34 theme chemoattractant 1018:1032 arg1 cytokines/chemokines 959:978 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 34 theme chemoattractant 1018:1032 arg1 protein-1 1034:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 2 35 theme adenosine 401:409 arg1 monophosphate 411:423 cyclic adenosine monophosphate 394:423 cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 394:430 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 2 35 theme adenosine 401:409 arg1 cAMP 426:429 cAMP 426:429 cAMP 426:429 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 3 36 theme BEAS-2B 492:498 arg1 cells 500:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 0 37 theme lipopolysaccharide-induced 19:44 arg1 release 46:52 lipopolysaccharide-induced release 19:52 lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells 19:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 3 38 theme bronchial 471:479 arg1 cells 500:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 0 39 theme mediators 70:78 arg1 release 46:52 lipopolysaccharide-induced release 19:52 lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells 19:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 9 40 theme anti-inflammatory 1826:1842 arg1 effect 1844:1849 the anti-inflammatory effect 1822:1849 the anti-inflammatory effect 1822:1849 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 8 41 theme IL-8 1573:1576 arg1 level 1578:1582 IL-8 level 1573:1582 IL-8 level 1573:1582 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 3 42 theme [anthocyanidins 700:714 arg1 subclasses 689:698 seven subclasses [anthocyanidins 683:714 seven subclasses [anthocyanidins 683:714 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 42 theme [anthocyanidins 700:714 arg1 chalcones 717:725 chalcones 717:725 chalcones 717:725 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 43 theme endotoxin 532:540 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 542:559 bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide 522:559 bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 522:565 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 43 theme endotoxin 532:540 arg1 LPS 562:564 LPS 562:564 LPS 562:564 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 9 44 from A-ring 1797:1802 arg1 group 1784:1788 C3-OH or glycosylation group 1761:1788 group 1784:1788 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 10 45 theme flavonoids 1890:1899 arg1 effect 1874:1879 The anti-inflammatory effect 1852:1879 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids 1852:1899 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 10 45 theme flavonoids 1890:1899 arg1 related 1908:1914 related 1908:1914 related 1908:1914 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 10 46 theme anti-oxidant 1925:1936 arg1 properties 1938:1947 their anti-oxidant properties 1919:1947 their anti-oxidant properties 1919:1947 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 6 47 theme B 1187:1187 arg1 activity 1201:1208 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 9 48 theme functional 1658:1667 arg1 groups 1669:1674 functional groups 1658:1674 functional groups 1658:1674 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 6 49 theme nuclear 1166:1172 arg1 NF-κB 1190:1194 NF-κB 1190:1194 NF-κB 1190:1194 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 49 theme nuclear 1166:1172 arg1 B 1187:1187 nuclear factor-kappa B 1166:1187 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 50 dep cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 IL-8 1000:1003 IL-8 1000:1003 IL-8 1000:1003 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 50 dep cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 IL 993:994 IL 993:994 IL 993:994 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 50 dep cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 cytokines/chemokines 959:978 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 50 dep cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 protein-1 1034:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 50 dep cytokines/chemokines 959:978 arg1 interleukin 980:990 interleukin (IL)-6 980:997 interleukin (IL)-6 980:997 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 5 51 theme further 1079:1085 arg1 increase 1087:1094 further increase 1079:1094 further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1079:1130 Quercetin caused further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels. 31610186 2 52 theme study 265:269 arg1 aim 246:248 The aim 242:248 The aim of the present study 242:269 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 7 53 theme MDA 1393:1395 arg1 level 1397:1401 MDA level 1393:1401 MDA level 1393:1401 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 5 54 from increase 1087:1094 arg1 levels 1125:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 Quercetin caused further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels. 31610186 3 55 theme flavonoids 607:616 arg1 presence 585:592 presence 585:592 presence 585:592 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 55 theme flavonoids 607:616 arg1 absence 574:580 absence 574:580 absence 574:580 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 6 56 theme cellular 1218:1225 arg1 level 1273:1277 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level 1214:1277 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells 1214:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 1 57 theme polyphenolic 165:176 arg1 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids 150:159 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 57 theme polyphenolic 165:176 arg1 compounds 178:186 polyphenolic compounds 165:186 polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine 165:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 2 58 from flavonoids 291:300 arg1 airway 340:345 the airway 336:345 the airway 336:345 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 59 theme greater 1713:1719 arg1 effect 1739:1744 greater anti-inflammatory effect 1713:1744 greater anti-inflammatory effect 1713:1744 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 8 60 theme BEAS-2B 1475:1481 arg1 cells 1483:1487 BEAS-2B cells 1475:1487 BEAS-2B cells 1475:1487 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 7 61 theme nuclear 1366:1372 arg1 activity 1380:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 0 62 theme bronchial 89:97 arg1 cells 110:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 0 63 from release 46:52 arg1 cells 110:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 human bronchial epithelial cells 83:114 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 6 64 theme p65 1197:1199 arg1 activity 1201:1208 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity 1166:1208 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 65 from activity 1201:1208 arg1 cells 1290:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 10 66 theme cAMP 1992:1995 arg1 level 1997:2001 cAMP level 1992:2001 cAMP level 1992:2001 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 1 67 from food 215:218 arg1 present 204:210 present 204:210 present 204:210 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 0 68 theme Structure-activity 117:134 arg1 relationship 136:147 Structure-activity relationship 117:147 Structure-activity relationship 117:147 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 1 69 from present 204:210 arg1 food 215:218 food 215:218 food 215:218 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 1 69 from present 204:210 arg1 medicine 232:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Chinese medicine 224:239 Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are widely present in food and Chinese medicine. 31610186 8 70 theme cAMP 1513:1516 arg1 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 8-Br-cAMP 1528:1536 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 8 70 theme cAMP 1513:1516 arg1 analogue 1518:1525 the cell-permeable cAMP analogue 1494:1525 the cell-permeable cAMP analogue 1494:1525 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 8 71 from level 1466:1470 arg1 cells 1483:1487 BEAS-2B cells 1475:1487 BEAS-2B cells 1475:1487 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 5 72 theme IL-6 1111:1114 arg1 levels 1125:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 Quercetin caused further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels. 31610186 7 73 from increases 1353:1361 arg1 activity 1380:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 nuclear NF-κB activity 1366:1387 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 7 73 from increases 1353:1361 arg1 level 1397:1401 MDA level 1393:1401 MDA level 1393:1401 By contrast, apigenin and genistein reduced LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-κB activity and MDA level. 31610186 4 74 theme inflammatory 946:957 arg1 IL-8 1000:1003 IL-8 1000:1003 IL-8 1000:1003 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 74 theme inflammatory 946:957 arg1 cytokines/chemokines 959:978 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 74 theme inflammatory 946:957 arg1 protein-1 1034:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 74 theme inflammatory 946:957 arg1 interleukin 980:990 interleukin (IL)-6 980:997 interleukin (IL)-6 980:997 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 2 75 theme monophosphate 411:423 arg1 role 369:372 the role 365:372 the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect 365:462 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 9 76 dep C7-OH 1636:1640 arg1 groups 1669:1674 functional groups 1658:1674 functional groups 1658:1674 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 5 77 theme IL-8 1120:1123 arg1 levels 1125:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels 1099:1130 Quercetin caused further increase in LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 levels. 31610186 4 78 theme monocyte 1009:1016 arg1 cytokines/chemokines 959:978 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 946:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 4 78 theme monocyte 1009:1016 arg1 protein-1 1034:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 1009:1042 Among the 17 flavonoids tested, only apigenin (flavones), luteolin (flavones), daidzein (isoflavones) and genistein (isoflavones) reduced LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 10 79 theme anti-inflammatory 1856:1872 arg1 effect 1874:1879 The anti-inflammatory effect 1852:1879 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids 1852:1899 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 10 79 theme anti-inflammatory 1856:1872 arg1 related 1908:1914 related 1908:1914 related 1908:1914 The anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoids may be related to their anti-oxidant properties, and partly to their ability in increasing cAMP level. 31610186 2 80 theme cyclic 394:399 arg1 monophosphate 411:423 cyclic adenosine monophosphate 394:423 cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 394:430 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 2 80 theme cyclic 394:399 arg1 cAMP 426:429 cAMP 426:429 cAMP 426:429 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 2 81 theme anti-inflammatory 439:455 arg1 effect 457:462 the anti-inflammatory effect 435:462 the anti-inflammatory effect 435:462 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 8 82 theme LPS-induced 1549:1559 arg1 increase 1561:1568 LPS-induced increase 1549:1568 LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level 1549:1582 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 0 83 theme inflammatory 57:68 arg1 mediators 70:78 inflammatory mediators 57:78 inflammatory mediators 57:78 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 3 84 theme chemical 660:667 arg1 structures 669:678 their chemical structures 654:678 their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones] 654:782 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 85 theme epithelial 481:490 arg1 cells 500:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 8 86 theme level 1578:1582 arg1 increase 1561:1568 LPS-induced increase 1549:1568 LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level 1549:1582 Apigenin and genistein, but not quercetin, increased the cAMP level in BEAS-2B cells, and the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, 8-Br-cAMP, inhibited LPS-induced increase of IL-8 level. 31610186 3 87 theme bacterial 522:530 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 542:559 bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide 522:559 bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 522:565 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 3 87 theme bacterial 522:530 arg1 LPS 562:564 LPS 562:564 LPS 562:564 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 6 88 theme stress 1237:1242 arg1 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 MDA 1268:1270 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 6 88 theme stress 1237:1242 arg1 malondialdehyde 1251:1265 oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde 1227:1265 the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells 1214:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 2 89 theme anti-oxidant 377:388 arg1 role 369:372 the role 365:372 the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect 365:462 The aim of the present study was to identify the flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects in the airway; and to determine the role of anti-oxidant and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the anti-inflammatory effect. 31610186 6 90 from level 1273:1277 arg1 cells 1290:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 BEAS-2B cells 1282:1294 It alone significantly increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity and the cellular oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) level in BEAS-2B cells. 31610186 0 91 dep reduces 11:17 arg1 relationship 136:147 Structure-activity relationship 117:147 Structure-activity relationship 117:147 Flavonoids reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced release of inflammatory mediators in human bronchial epithelial cells: Structure-activity relationship. 31610186 3 92 theme Human 465:469 arg1 cells 500:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells 465:504 Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of different flavonoids, which are categorized according to their chemical structures in seven subclasses [anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanes, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones]. 31610186 9 93 theme glycosylation 1770:1782 arg1 group 1784:1788 C3-OH or glycosylation group 1761:1788 group 1784:1788 These findings suggest that the presence of C5-OH, C7-OH, C2=C3 and C4=O functional groups in the flavonoids is associated with greater anti-inflammatory effect, while that of C3-OH or glycosylation group at the A-ring greatly decreased the anti-inflammatory effect. 29871981 6 0 theme nigra 1117:1121 arg1 wood 1123:1126 P. nigra wood 1114:1126 P. nigra wood 1114:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 2 1 theme pit 345:347 arg1 membrane 349:356 the pit membrane 341:356 the pit membrane 341:356 Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. 29871981 9 2 theme chemical 1404:1411 arg1 composition 1413:1423 the complex chemical composition 1392:1423 the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes 1392:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 2 3 theme primary 274:280 arg1 walls 282:286 primary walls 274:286 primary walls 274:286 Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. 29871981 9 4 theme pit 1440:1442 arg1 membranes 1444:1452 intervessel pit membranes 1428:1452 intervessel pit membranes 1428:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 10 5 theme label-free 1597:1606 arg1 studies 1608:1614 further label-free studies 1589:1614 further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components 1589:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 5 6 theme structures 863:872 arg1 composition 838:848 the chemical composition 825:848 the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution 825:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 6 7 theme Characteristic 999:1012 arg1 peaks 1014:1018 Characteristic peaks 999:1018 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins 999:1065 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 6 8 theme P. 1114:1115 arg1 wood 1123:1126 P. nigra wood 1114:1126 P. nigra wood 1114:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 1 9 theme cell 191:194 arg1 walls 196:200 the secondary cell walls 177:200 the secondary cell walls 177:200 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 10 10 theme related 1616:1622 arg1 studies 1608:1614 further label-free studies 1589:1614 further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components 1589:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 5 11 theme atomic 919:924 arg1 nanospectroscopy 952:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 4 12 theme bubble 716:721 arg1 behavior 723:730 bubble behavior 716:730 bubble behavior 716:730 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 5 13 theme microscopy-infrared 932:950 arg1 nanospectroscopy 952:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 9 14 theme water 1496:1500 arg1 flow 1488:1491 the flow 1484:1491 the flow of water 1484:1500 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 8 15 theme distinct 1306:1313 arg1 peak 1315:1318 a distinct peak 1304:1318 a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures 1304:1368 We did not find a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures. 29871981 0 16 theme Membranes 61:69 arg1 Nature 47:52 the Chemical Nature 34:52 the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem 34:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 3 17 theme normal 595:600 arg1 conditions 602:611 normal conditions 595:611 normal conditions 595:611 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 5 18 theme synchrotron 877:887 arg1 nanospectroscopy 898:913 synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy 877:913 synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy 877:913 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 6 19 theme compounds 1043:1051 arg1 peaks 1014:1018 Characteristic peaks 999:1018 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins 999:1065 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 0 20 theme Water-Conducting 74:89 arg1 Cells 91:95 Water-Conducting Cells 74:95 Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem 74:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 6 21 located found 1072:1076 arg2 peaks 1014:1018 Characteristic peaks 999:1018 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins 999:1065 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 6 21 located found 1072:1076 arg1 membranes 1101:1109 the intervessel pit membranes 1081:1109 the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood 1081:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 4 22 theme pit 754:756 arg1 composition 767:777 pit membrane composition 754:777 pit membrane composition 754:777 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 7 23 theme vascular 1214:1221 arg1 cambium 1223:1229 the vascular cambium 1210:1229 the vascular cambium 1210:1229 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 8 24 theme compounds 1340:1348 arg1 peak 1315:1318 a distinct peak 1304:1318 a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures 1304:1368 We did not find a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures. 29871981 3 25 theme nano-sized 426:435 arg1 pores 437:441 the nano-sized pores 422:441 the nano-sized pores in pit membranes 422:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 0 26 theme Plant 104:108 arg1 Xylem 110:114 the Plant Xylem 100:114 the Plant Xylem 100:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 9 27 theme neighboring 1522:1532 arg1 conduits 1534:1541 neighboring conduits 1522:1541 neighboring conduits 1522:1541 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 10 28 theme plant 1648:1652 arg1 components 1659:1668 plant cell components 1648:1668 plant cell components 1648:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 0 29 theme Infrared 0:7 arg1 Nanospectroscopy 9:24 Infrared Nanospectroscopy 0:24 Infrared Nanospectroscopy 0:24 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 6 30 theme intervessel 1085:1095 arg1 membranes 1101:1109 the intervessel pit membranes 1081:1109 the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood 1081:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 5 31 theme spatial 979:985 arg1 resolution 987:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 4 32 theme pit 671:673 arg1 membranes 675:683 pit membranes 671:683 pit membranes 671:683 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 3 33 theme intricate 399:407 arg1 structure 409:417 The intricate structure 395:417 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes 395:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 7 34 theme cell 1196:1199 arg1 walls 1201:1205 developing cell walls 1185:1205 developing cell walls of the vascular cambium 1185:1229 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 9 35 theme intervessel 1428:1438 arg1 membranes 1444:1452 intervessel pit membranes 1428:1452 intervessel pit membranes 1428:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 0 36 theme Chemical 38:45 arg1 Nature 47:52 the Chemical Nature 34:52 the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem 34:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 3 37 theme drought 621:627 arg1 stress 629:634 mild drought stress 616:634 mild drought stress 616:634 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 2 38 theme Cellulosic 240:249 arg1 meshes 251:256 Cellulosic meshes 240:256 Cellulosic meshes 240:256 Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. 29871981 4 39 theme Populus 782:788 arg1 wood 796:799 Populus nigra wood 782:799 Populus nigra wood 782:799 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 1 40 theme angiosperm 133:142 arg1 plants 144:149 angiosperm plants 133:149 angiosperm plants 133:149 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 5 41 theme cell 853:856 arg1 structures 863:872 cell wall structures 853:872 cell wall structures 853:872 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 7 42 theme proteins 1266:1273 arg1 signals 1244:1250 clear signals 1238:1250 clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin 1238:1285 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 3 43 from pores 437:441 arg1 membranes 450:458 pit membranes 446:458 pit membranes 446:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 9 44 theme complex 1396:1402 arg1 composition 1413:1423 the complex chemical composition 1392:1423 the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes 1392:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 7 45 theme cellulose 1255:1263 arg1 signals 1244:1250 clear signals 1238:1250 clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin 1238:1285 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 3 46 theme due 539:541 arg1 failure 531:537 hydraulic failure 521:537 hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) 521:587 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 9 47 theme composition 1413:1423 arg1 investigation 1375:1387 Our investigation 1371:1387 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes 1371:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 2 48 theme adjacent 316:323 arg1 vessels 325:331 adjacent vessels 316:331 adjacent vessels 316:331 Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. 29871981 5 49 theme infrared 889:896 arg1 nanospectroscopy 898:913 synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy 877:913 synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy 877:913 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 3 50 theme hydraulic 521:529 arg1 failure 531:537 hydraulic failure 521:537 hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) 521:587 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 3 51 dep embolism 579:586 arg1 i.e. 574:577 i.e. 574:577 i.e. 574:577 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 1 52 theme microscopic 152:162 arg1 pits 164:167 microscopic pits 152:167 microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls 152:200 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 3 53 theme gas 561:563 arg1 embolism 579:586 embolism 579:586 embolism 579:586 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 3 53 theme gas 561:563 arg1 bubbles 565:571 gas bubbles 561:571 gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) 561:587 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 5 54 theme wall 858:861 arg1 structures 863:872 cell wall structures 853:872 cell wall structures 853:872 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 7 55 theme pit 1167:1169 arg1 membranes 1171:1179 parenchyma pit membranes 1156:1179 parenchyma pit membranes 1156:1179 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 4 56 theme chemical 647:654 arg1 composition 656:666 the chemical composition 643:666 the chemical composition of pit membranes 643:683 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 5 57 with nanospectroscopy 952:967 arg1 resolution 987:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 1 58 theme secondary 181:189 arg1 walls 196:200 the secondary cell walls 177:200 the secondary cell walls 177:200 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 5 59 theme chemical 829:836 arg1 composition 838:848 the chemical composition 825:848 the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution 825:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 10 60 theme further 1589:1595 arg1 studies 1608:1614 further label-free studies 1589:1614 further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components 1589:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 9 61 theme flow 1488:1491 arg1 understanding 1467:1479 our understanding 1463:1479 our understanding of the flow of water 1463:1500 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 4 62 theme embolism 693:700 arg1 formation 702:710 embolism formation 693:710 embolism formation 693:710 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 5 63 theme force 926:930 arg1 nanospectroscopy 952:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy 919:967 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 6 64 theme proteins 1058:1065 arg1 peaks 1014:1018 Characteristic peaks 999:1018 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins 999:1065 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 9 65 theme membranes 1444:1452 arg1 composition 1413:1423 the complex chemical composition 1392:1423 the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes 1392:1452 Our investigation of the complex chemical composition of intervessel pit membranes furthers our understanding of the flow of water and bubbles between neighboring conduits. 29871981 7 66 theme clear 1238:1242 arg1 signals 1244:1250 clear signals 1238:1250 clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin 1238:1285 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 7 67 theme cambium 1223:1229 arg1 vessel 1146:1151 the vessel 1142:1151 the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes 1142:1179 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 7 67 theme cambium 1223:1229 arg1 walls 1201:1205 developing cell walls 1185:1205 developing cell walls of the vascular cambium 1185:1229 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 1 68 theme plants 144:149 arg1 xylem 124:128 the xylem 120:128 the xylem of angiosperm plants 120:149 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 6 69 theme phenolic 1034:1041 arg1 compounds 1043:1051 phenolic compounds 1034:1051 phenolic compounds 1034:1051 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 5 70 with nanospectroscopy 898:913 arg1 resolution 987:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 4 71 theme membranes 675:683 arg1 composition 656:666 the chemical composition 643:666 the chemical composition of pit membranes 643:683 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 3 72 from structure 409:417 arg1 membranes 450:458 pit membranes 446:458 pit membranes 446:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 2 73 theme middle 293:298 arg1 lamella 300:306 middle lamella 293:306 middle lamella 293:306 Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. 29871981 6 74 theme cellulose 1023:1031 arg1 peaks 1014:1018 Characteristic peaks 999:1018 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins 999:1065 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 8 75 theme lignin 1323:1328 arg1 peak 1315:1318 a distinct peak 1304:1318 a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures 1304:1368 We did not find a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures. 29871981 0 76 theme Xylem 110:114 arg1 Cells 91:95 Water-Conducting Cells 74:95 Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem 74:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 0 77 from Nature 47:52 arg1 Cells 91:95 Water-Conducting Cells 74:95 Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem 74:114 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 8 78 theme other 1334:1338 arg1 compounds 1340:1348 other compounds 1334:1348 other compounds 1334:1348 We did not find a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures. 29871981 3 79 theme pores 437:441 arg1 structure 409:417 The intricate structure 395:417 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes 395:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 7 80 theme developing 1185:1194 arg1 walls 1201:1205 developing cell walls 1185:1205 developing cell walls of the vascular cambium 1185:1229 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 8 81 from peak 1315:1318 arg1 structures 1359:1368 these structures 1353:1368 these structures 1353:1368 We did not find a distinct peak of lignin and other compounds in these structures. 29871981 6 82 theme pit 1097:1099 arg1 membranes 1101:1109 the intervessel pit membranes 1081:1109 the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood 1081:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 5 83 theme high 974:977 arg1 resolution 987:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 high spatial resolution 974:996 Here, we characterized the chemical composition of cell wall structures by synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy and atomic force microscopy-infrared nanospectroscopy with high spatial resolution. 29871981 7 84 theme parenchyma 1156:1165 arg1 membranes 1171:1179 parenchyma pit membranes 1156:1179 parenchyma pit membranes 1156:1179 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 10 85 theme components 1659:1668 arg1 nanochemistry 1631:1643 the nanochemistry 1627:1643 the nanochemistry of plant cell components 1627:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 3 86 theme mild 616:619 arg1 stress 629:634 mild drought stress 616:634 mild drought stress 616:634 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 3 87 theme pit 446:448 arg1 membranes 450:458 pit membranes 446:458 pit membranes 446:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 0 88 theme Pit 57:59 arg1 Membranes 61:69 Pit Membranes 57:69 Pit Membranes 57:69 Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem. 29871981 7 89 theme pectin 1280:1285 arg1 signals 1244:1250 clear signals 1238:1250 clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin 1238:1285 In addition, the vessel to parenchyma pit membranes and developing cell walls of the vascular cambium showed clear signals of cellulose, proteins, and pectin. 29871981 3 90 from membranes 450:458 arg1 structure 409:417 The intricate structure 395:417 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes 395:458 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 3 91 theme water 483:487 arg1 passage 472:478 the passage 468:478 the passage of water 468:487 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 3 92 theme negative 495:502 arg1 pressure 504:511 negative pressure 495:511 negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) 495:587 The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.e. embolism) under normal conditions or mild drought stress. 29871981 4 93 theme membrane 758:765 arg1 composition 767:777 pit membrane composition 754:777 pit membrane composition 754:777 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29871981 6 94 theme wood 1123:1126 arg1 membranes 1101:1109 the intervessel pit membranes 1081:1109 the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood 1081:1126 Characteristic peaks of cellulose, phenolic compounds, and proteins were found in the intervessel pit membranes of P. nigra wood. 29871981 1 95 theme water-conducting 214:229 arg1 vessels 231:237 the water-conducting vessels 210:237 the water-conducting vessels 210:237 In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. 29871981 10 96 theme cell 1654:1657 arg1 components 1659:1668 plant cell components 1648:1668 plant cell components 1648:1668 The advances presented here pave the way for further label-free studies related to the nanochemistry of plant cell components. 29871981 4 97 theme nigra 790:794 arg1 wood 796:799 Populus nigra wood 782:799 Populus nigra wood 782:799 Since the chemical composition of pit membranes affects embolism formation and bubble behavior, we directly measured pit membrane composition in Populus nigra wood. 29426982 2 0 from phyla 461:465 arg1 soil 622:625 the soil 618:625 the soil 618:625 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 4 1 theme 16S 833:835 arg1 genes 842:846 their 16S rRNA genes 827:846 their 16S rRNA genes 827:846 And the isolates were classified by their 16S rRNA genes. 29426982 5 2 theme wide 1061:1064 arg1 range 1066:1070 a wide range 1059:1070 a wide range 1059:1070 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 1 3 theme Bacterial 183:191 arg1 community 193:201 Bacterial community 183:201 Bacterial community 183:201 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 3 4 theme gelling 775:781 arg1 agents 783:788 gelling agents 775:788 gelling agents 775:788 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 0 5 from Characterization 0:15 arg1 petroleum 71:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 1 6 theme 16S 300:302 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 3 7 with soil 742:745 arg1 agar 767:770 agar 767:770 agar 767:770 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 3 7 with soil 742:745 arg1 gum 759:761 gellan gum 752:761 gellan gum 752:761 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 5 8 theme mixture 1039:1045 arg1 biodegradability 1012:1027 strong biodegradability 1005:1027 strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) 1005:1054 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 1 9 theme rRNA 304:307 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 0 10 theme high-efficiency 116:130 arg1 strains 149:155 high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains 116:155 high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium 116:180 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 5 11 theme bioremediation 1142:1155 arg1 enhancement 1127:1137 enhancement 1127:1137 enhancement of bioremediation 1127:1155 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 0 12 from diversity 46:54 arg1 petroleum 71:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 3 13 theme cultivations 650:661 arg1 series 640:645 Meanwhile a series 628:645 Meanwhile a series of cultivations 628:661 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Nine 849:852 Nine 849:852 Nine 849:852 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Variovorax 971:980 Variovorax 971:980 Variovorax 971:980 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Rhodococcus 986:996 Rhodococcus 986:996 Rhodococcus 986:996 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Sphingomonas 942:953 Sphingomonas 942:953 Sphingomonas 942:953 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 isolates 861:868 the isolates 857:868 the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus 857:996 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Paenibacillus 956:968 Paenibacillus 956:968 Paenibacillus 956:968 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Enterobacter 880:891 Enterobacter 880:891 Enterobacter 880:891 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 14 theme isolates 861:868 arg1 Rhizobium 921:929 Rhizobium 921:929 Rhizobium 921:929 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 1 15 theme gene-based 309:318 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 0 16 theme composition 30:40 arg1 diversity 46:54 diversity 46:54 diversity in a long-term petroleum 46:79 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 0 16 theme composition 30:40 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of bacterial composition 0:40 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 1 17 theme Illumina 320:327 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 0 18 theme strains 149:155 arg1 isolation 103:111 isolation 103:111 isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium 103:180 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 0 18 theme strains 149:155 arg1 soil 94:97 soil 94:97 soil 94:97 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 2 19 theme dominant 452:459 arg1 phyla 461:465 the most dominant phyla 443:465 the most dominant phyla 443:465 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 2 19 theme dominant 452:459 arg1 Proteobacteria 386:399 Proteobacteria 386:399 Proteobacteria (49.11%) 386:408 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 2 19 theme dominant 452:459 arg1 Actinobacteria 414:427 Actinobacteria 414:427 Actinobacteria (24.24%) 414:436 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 0 20 theme bacterial 20:28 arg1 composition 30:40 bacterial composition 20:40 bacterial composition 20:40 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 1 21 theme MiSeq 329:333 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 0 22 theme alkane-degrading 132:147 arg1 strains 149:155 high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains 116:155 high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium 116:180 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 5 23 theme strong 1005:1010 arg1 biodegradability 1012:1027 strong biodegradability 1005:1027 strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) 1005:1054 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 1 24 theme long-term 222:230 arg1 soil 255:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil 220:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield 220:273 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 1 25 theme high-throughput 335:349 arg1 sequencing 351:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing 300:360 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 1 26 theme petroleum-contaminated 232:253 arg1 soil 255:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil 220:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield 220:273 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 2 27 theme abundant 481:488 arg1 Pseudoxanthomonas 502:518 Pseudoxanthomonas 502:518 Pseudoxanthomonas 502:518 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 2 27 theme abundant 481:488 arg1 genera 490:495 the most abundant genera 472:495 the most abundant genera 472:495 Results indicated that Proteobacteria (49.11%) and Actinobacteria (24.24%) were the most dominant phyla, and the most abundant genera were Pseudoxanthomonas (8.47%), Luteimonas (3.64%), Alkanindiges (9.76%), Acinetobacter (5.26%) and Agromyces (8.56%) in the soil. 29426982 3 28 theme petroleum-contaminated 719:740 arg1 soil 742:745 petroleum-contaminated soil 719:745 petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents 719:788 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 3 29 from soil 742:745 arg1 isolation 684:692 isolation 684:692 isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents 684:788 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 5 30 theme alkane 1032:1037 arg1 C9-C30 1048:1053 C9-C30 1048:1053 C9-C30 1048:1053 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 30 theme alkane 1032:1037 arg1 mixture 1039:1045 alkane mixture 1032:1045 alkane mixture (C9-C30) 1032:1054 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 3 31 theme Meanwhile 628:636 arg1 series 640:645 Meanwhile a series 628:645 Meanwhile a series of cultivations 628:661 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 3 32 theme alkane 697:702 arg1 degraders 704:712 alkane degraders 697:712 alkane degraders 697:712 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 0 33 theme improved 166:173 arg1 medium 175:180 an improved medium 163:180 an improved medium 163:180 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 3 34 theme degraders 704:712 arg1 isolation 684:692 isolation 684:692 isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents 684:788 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 3 35 theme gellan 752:757 arg1 gum 759:761 gellan gum 752:761 gellan gum 752:761 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 4 36 theme rRNA 837:840 arg1 genes 842:846 their 16S rRNA genes 827:846 their 16S rRNA genes 827:846 And the isolates were classified by their 16S rRNA genes. 29426982 1 37 from diversity 207:215 arg1 soil 255:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil 220:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield 220:273 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 5 38 dep Enterobacter 880:891 arg1 Bacillus 932:939 Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus 880:996 Bacillus 932:939 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 5 38 dep Enterobacter 880:891 arg1 Pseudomonas 894:904 Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus 880:996 Pseudomonas 894:904 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 29426982 1 39 theme oilfield 266:273 arg1 soil 255:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil 220:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield 220:273 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 0 40 theme long-term 61:69 arg1 petroleum 71:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 a long-term petroleum 59:79 Characterization of bacterial composition and diversity in a long-term petroleum contaminated soil and isolation of high-efficiency alkane-degrading strains using an improved medium. 29426982 3 41 theme a 638:638 arg1 series 640:645 Meanwhile a series 628:645 Meanwhile a series of cultivations 628:661 Meanwhile a series of cultivations were carried out for isolation of alkane degraders from petroleum-contaminated soil with gellan gum and agar as gelling agents. 29426982 1 42 from community 193:201 arg1 soil 255:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil 220:258 a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield 220:273 Bacterial community and diversity in a long-term petroleum-contaminated soil of an oilfield were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. 29426982 5 43 theme chain-length 1075:1086 arg1 range 1066:1070 a wide range 1059:1070 a wide range 1059:1070 Nine of the isolates including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Paenibacillus, Variovorax and Rhodococcus showed strong biodegradability of alkane mixture (C9-C30) in a wide range of chain-length, which could be potentially applied in enhancement of bioremediation. 31347830 0 0 theme Polysaccharide 65:78 arg1 Production 80:89 Polysaccharide Production 65:89 Polysaccharide Production 65:89 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 1 theme mycelia 790:796 arg1 appearance 772:781 thinner appearance 764:781 thinner appearance of the mycelia 764:796 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 1 theme mycelia 790:796 arg1 % 735:735 26.1% 731:735 26.1% 731:735 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 1 theme mycelia 790:796 arg1 production 860:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 1 theme mycelia 790:796 arg1 biomass 829:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 1 theme mycelia 790:796 arg1 level 724:728 transcriptional expression level 697:728 transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length 697:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 2 with appearance 772:781 arg1 length 753:758 a shorter length 743:758 a shorter length 743:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 1 3 theme differentiation 204:218 arg1 biosynthesis 177:188 the fungal biosynthesis 166:188 the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth 166:230 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 2 4 theme acids 389:393 arg1 total 369:373 a total 367:373 a total of 1781 amino acids 367:393 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 5 5 theme mycelial 1019:1026 arg1 compositions 992:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 5 5 theme mycelial 1019:1026 arg1 ratios 1009:1014 ratios 1009:1014 ratios 1009:1014 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 2 6 from gene 273:276 arg1 mushroom 300:307 the edible mushroom 289:307 the edible mushroom 289:307 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 4 7 theme vector 612:617 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 2 8 theme first 432:436 arg1 time 438:441 the first time 428:441 the first time 428:441 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 6 9 theme polysaccharide 1119:1132 arg1 production 1134:1143 polysaccharide production 1119:1143 polysaccharide production 1119:1143 These findings suggest that GFGLS could affect mycelial growth and polysaccharide production by downregulating the glucan synthesis. 31347830 2 10 theme present 240:246 arg1 study 248:252 the present study 236:252 the present study 236:252 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 5 11 theme exo-polysaccharide 1032:1049 arg1 compositions 992:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 5 11 theme exo-polysaccharide 1032:1049 arg1 ratios 1009:1014 ratios 1009:1014 ratios 1009:1014 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 4 12 theme transformant 654:665 arg1 iGFGLS-3 667:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 13 with production 860:869 arg1 length 753:758 a shorter length 743:758 a shorter length 743:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 1 14 theme growth 225:230 arg1 biosynthesis 177:188 the fungal biosynthesis 166:188 the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth 166:230 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 0 15 theme frondosa 102:109 arg1 Growth 54:59 Mycelial Growth 45:59 Mycelial Growth 45:59 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 0 15 theme frondosa 102:109 arg1 Production 80:89 Polysaccharide Production 65:89 Polysaccharide Production 65:89 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 16 theme thinner 764:770 arg1 appearance 772:781 thinner appearance 764:781 thinner appearance of the mycelia 764:796 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 17 theme constructed 572:582 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 0 18 theme Grifola 94:100 arg1 frondosa 102:109 Grifola frondosa 94:109 Grifola frondosa 94:109 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 2 19 theme amino 383:387 arg1 acids 389:393 1781 amino acids 378:393 1781 amino acids 378:393 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 4 20 theme expression 713:722 arg1 % 735:735 26.1% 731:735 26.1% 731:735 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 20 theme expression 713:722 arg1 level 724:728 transcriptional expression level 697:728 transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length 697:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 2 21 theme glucan 257:262 arg1 GFGLS 279:283 GFGLS 279:283 GFGLS 279:283 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 2 21 theme glucan 257:262 arg1 gene 273:276 a glucan synthase gene 255:276 a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids 255:393 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 4 22 with biomass 829:835 arg1 length 753:758 a shorter length 743:758 a shorter length 743:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 23 theme promoter 589:596 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 24 with level 724:728 arg1 length 753:758 a shorter length 743:758 a shorter length 743:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 25 theme GFGLS-silencing 638:652 arg1 iGFGLS-3 667:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 26 theme transcriptional 697:711 arg1 % 735:735 26.1% 731:735 26.1% 731:735 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 26 theme transcriptional 697:711 arg1 level 724:728 transcriptional expression level 697:728 transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length 697:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 27 theme dual 584:587 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 0 28 theme Glucan 15:20 arg1 Gene 31:34 a Glucan Synthase Gene 13:34 a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa 13:109 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 29 theme shorter 745:751 arg1 length 753:758 a shorter length 743:758 a shorter length 743:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 30 theme lowest 684:689 arg1 GFGLS 691:695 the lowest GFGLS 680:695 the lowest GFGLS 680:695 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 3 31 contain containing 473:482 arg1 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 3 31 contain containing 473:482 arg2 domains 508:514 two large transmembrane domains 484:514 two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 484:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 3 31 contain containing 473:482 arg1 protein 465:471 a membrane protein 454:471 a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 454:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 2 32 with gene 273:276 arg1 sequence 338:345 a full sequence 331:345 a full sequence of 5927 bp 331:356 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 3 33 theme membrane 456:463 arg1 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp 444:449 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 3 33 theme membrane 456:463 arg1 protein 465:471 a membrane protein 454:471 a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 454:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 4 34 theme silencing 602:610 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 0 35 theme Gene 31:34 arg1 Functions 0:8 Functions 0:8 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 0:110 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 36 contain had 676:678 arg2 level 724:728 transcriptional expression level 697:728 transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length 697:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 36 contain had 676:678 arg1 iGFGLS-3 667:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 636:674 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 36 contain had 676:678 arg2 % 735:735 26.1% 731:735 26.1% 731:735 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 36 contain had 676:678 arg2 biomass 829:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 36 contain had 676:678 arg2 appearance 772:781 thinner appearance 764:781 thinner appearance of the mycelia 764:796 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 1 37 theme fungal 170:175 arg1 biosynthesis 177:188 the fungal biosynthesis 166:188 the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth 166:230 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 3 38 theme transmembrane 494:506 arg1 domains 508:514 two large transmembrane domains 484:514 two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 484:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 5 39 dep silence 945:951 arg1 influenced 953:962 influenced 953:962 silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide 945:1049 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 2 40 theme full 333:336 arg1 sequence 338:345 a full sequence 331:345 a full sequence of 5927 bp 331:356 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 0 41 theme Synthase 22:29 arg1 Gene 31:34 a Glucan Synthase Gene 13:34 a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa 13:109 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 42 theme exo-polysaccharide 841:858 arg1 production 860:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 3 43 theme cytoplasmic 545:555 arg1 domain 557:562 a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 531:562 a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 531:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 2 44 theme bp 355:356 arg1 sequence 338:345 a full sequence 331:345 a full sequence of 5927 bp 331:356 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 4 45 theme g/L 888:890 arg1 appearance 772:781 thinner appearance 764:781 thinner appearance of the mycelia 764:796 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 45 theme g/L 888:890 arg1 % 735:735 26.1% 731:735 26.1% 731:735 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 45 theme g/L 888:890 arg1 production 860:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 exo-polysaccharide production 841:869 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 45 theme g/L 888:890 arg1 biomass 829:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 4 45 theme g/L 888:890 arg1 level 724:728 transcriptional expression level 697:728 transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length 697:758 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 3 46 theme large 488:492 arg1 domains 508:514 two large transmembrane domains 484:514 two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 484:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 1 47 theme Glucan 112:117 arg1 synthase 119:126 Glucan synthase 112:126 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene 112:137 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 1 47 theme Glucan 112:117 arg1 GLS 129:131 GLS 129:131 GLS 129:131 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 4 48 theme mycelial 820:827 arg1 biomass 829:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 5 49 theme monosaccharide 977:990 arg1 compositions 992:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 slightly the monosaccharide compositions 964:1003 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 5 50 theme Further 907:913 arg1 analysis 915:922 Further analysis 907:922 Further analysis 907:922 Further analysis indicated that GFGLS silence influenced slightly the monosaccharide compositions and ratios of mycelial and exo-polysaccharide. 31347830 1 51 theme synthase 119:126 arg1 gene 134:137 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene 112:137 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene 112:137 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 6 52 theme mycelial 1099:1106 arg1 growth 1108:1113 mycelial growth 1099:1113 mycelial growth 1099:1113 These findings suggest that GFGLS could affect mycelial growth and polysaccharide production by downregulating the glucan synthesis. 31347830 4 53 theme decreased 810:818 arg1 biomass 829:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 decreased mycelial biomass 810:835 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31347830 3 54 theme hydrophilic 533:543 arg1 domain 557:562 a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 531:562 a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain 531:562 GFGLSp is a membrane protein containing two large transmembrane domains connected with a hydrophilic cytoplasmic domain. 31347830 2 55 theme synthase 264:271 arg1 GFGLS 279:283 GFGLS 279:283 GFGLS 279:283 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 2 55 theme synthase 264:271 arg1 gene 273:276 a glucan synthase gene 255:276 a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids 255:393 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 1 56 theme cell 193:196 arg1 wall 198:201 cell wall 193:201 cell wall 193:201 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 6 57 theme glucan 1167:1172 arg1 synthesis 1174:1182 the glucan synthesis 1163:1182 the glucan synthesis 1163:1182 These findings suggest that GFGLS could affect mycelial growth and polysaccharide production by downregulating the glucan synthesis. 31347830 2 58 theme edible 293:298 arg1 mushroom 300:307 the edible mushroom 289:307 the edible mushroom 289:307 In the present study, a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) in the edible mushroom Grifola frondosa with a full sequence of 5927 bp encoding a total of 1781 amino acids was cloned and characterized for the first time. 31347830 1 59 theme wall 198:201 arg1 biosynthesis 177:188 the fungal biosynthesis 166:188 the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth 166:230 Glucan synthase (GLS) gene is known to be involved in the fungal biosynthesis of cell wall, differentiation, and growth. 31347830 0 60 theme Mycelial 45:52 arg1 Growth 54:59 Mycelial Growth 45:59 Mycelial Growth 45:59 Functions of a Glucan Synthase Gene GFGLS in Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharide Production of Grifola frondosa. 31347830 4 61 theme RNA 598:600 arg1 pAN7-gfgls-dual 619:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual 570:633 With a constructed dual promoter RNA silencing vector pAN7-gfgls-dual, a GFGLS-silencing transformant iGFGLS-3 had the lowest GFGLS transcriptional expression level (26.1%) with a shorter length and thinner appearance of the mycelia, as well as decreased mycelial biomass and exo-polysaccharide production of 5.02 and 0.38 g/L, respectively. 31332485 5 0 dep 1,3 983:985 arg1 1,4 987:989 1,4 987:989 1,3;1,4 983:989 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 3 1 theme cervinus 640:647 arg1 genome 627:632 the unsequenced genome 611:632 the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus 611:647 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 15 2 theme residues 2238:2245 arg1 composition 2214:2224 Individual composition 2203:2224 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft 2203:2268 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 12 3 theme enzymes 1847:1853 arg1 U/L 1829:1831 up to 106 U/L 1819:1831 up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein 1819:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 6 4 theme ± 1085:1085 arg1 U/mg 1090:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg 1081:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein 1081:1104 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 5 5 dep β- 980:981 arg1 1,3 983:985 1,3 983:985 1,3;1,4 983:989 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 14 6 theme Xgh12B 2042:2047 arg1 specificity 2016:2026 substrate specificity 2006:2026 substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B 2006:2047 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 14 7 theme Bgh12A 2031:2036 arg1 specificity 2016:2026 substrate specificity 2006:2026 substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B 2006:2047 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 3 8 theme subgroups 718:726 arg1 regions 689:695 conservative regions 676:695 conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach 676:756 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 14 9 from residues 2155:2162 arg1 cleft 2181:2185 the catalytic cleft 2167:2185 the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2167:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 1 10 theme aspergilli 173:182 arg1 exploitation 157:168 intensive exploitation 147:168 intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases 147:229 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 9 11 theme glucose 1510:1516 arg1 residues 1518:1525 the unsubstituted glucose residues 1492:1525 the unsubstituted glucose residues 1492:1525 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 11 12 theme Xgh12B 1702:1707 arg1 inactivation 1709:1720 Xgh12B inactivation 1702:1720 Xgh12B inactivation 1702:1720 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 13 13 theme 43 1970:1971 arg1 % 1972:1972 % 1972:1972 % 1972:1972 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences show 43% identity. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 cellobiose 1171:1180 cellobiose 1171:1180 cellobiose 1171:1180 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 cellotriose 1183:1193 cellotriose 1183:1193 cellotriose 1183:1193 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 range 1232:1236 a range 1230:1236 a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides 1230:1283 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 products 1117:1124 The final products 1107:1124 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis 1107:1155 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 14 theme gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 arg1 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose 1196:1223 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose 1196:1223 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose 1196:1223 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 12 15 theme extracellular 1909:1921 arg1 proteins 1923:1930 the total extracellular proteins 1899:1930 the total extracellular proteins 1899:1930 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 5 16 theme β- 980:981 arg1 -D-glucans 991:1000 the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 923:1000 the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 923:1000 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 5 17 theme 1,4 881:883 arg1 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 5 17 theme 1,4 881:883 arg1 EC 899:900 EC 3.2.1.4 899:908 EC 3.2.1.4 899:908 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 5 17 theme 1,4 881:883 arg1 -β-glucanase 885:896 an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase 872:896 an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 872:1000 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 7 18 theme higher 1241:1246 arg1 gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides 1241:1283 higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides 1241:1283 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 6 19 theme protein 1098:1104 arg1 U/mg 1090:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg 1081:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein 1081:1104 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 15 20 dep subgroups 2327:2335 arg1 I 2337:2337 I 2337:2337 I 2337:2337 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 15 20 dep subgroups 2327:2335 arg1 subgroups 2327:2335 GH12 subgroups I and II 2322:2344 GH12 subgroups I and II 2322:2344 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 15 20 dep subgroups 2327:2335 arg1 II 2343:2344 II 2343:2344 II 2343:2344 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 0 21 from cervinus 78:85 arg1 Bgh12A 29:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 0 21 from cervinus 78:85 arg1 Xgh12B 54:59 xyloglucanase Xgh12B 40:59 xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 40:85 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 12 22 theme protein 1888:1894 arg1 % 1871:1871 at least 75% 1860:1871 at least 75% of recombinant protein 1860:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 12 22 theme protein 1888:1894 arg1 protein 1888:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 0 23 theme xyloglucanase 40:52 arg1 Xgh12B 54:59 xyloglucanase Xgh12B 40:59 xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 40:85 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 15 24 theme GH12 2322:2325 arg1 I 2337:2337 I 2337:2337 I 2337:2337 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 15 24 theme GH12 2322:2325 arg1 subgroups 2327:2335 GH12 subgroups I and II 2322:2344 GH12 subgroups I and II 2322:2344 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 15 24 theme GH12 2322:2325 arg1 II 2343:2344 II 2343:2344 II 2343:2344 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 2 25 theme phylogenetic 470:481 arg1 subgroup 483:490 the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases) 461:547 the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases) 461:547 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 8 26 theme 542 1391:1393 arg1 protein 1405:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 12 27 with U/L 1829:1831 arg1 % 1871:1871 at least 75% 1860:1871 at least 75% of recombinant protein 1860:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 12 27 with U/L 1829:1831 arg1 protein 1888:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 5 28 theme endo- 875:879 arg1 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A 861:866 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 5 28 theme endo- 875:879 arg1 EC 899:900 EC 3.2.1.4 899:908 EC 3.2.1.4 899:908 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 5 28 theme endo- 875:879 arg1 -β-glucanase 885:896 an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase 872:896 an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 872:1000 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 2 29 theme 1,4 501:503 arg1 I 492:492 I 492:492 I 492:492 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 29 theme 1,4 501:503 arg1 -β-glucanases 505:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 14 30 theme residues 2155:2162 arg1 presence 2077:2084 the presence 2073:2084 the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2073:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 12 31 theme P. 1790:1791 arg1 strains 1802:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains 1778:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains 1778:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 2 32 theme endo- 495:499 arg1 I 492:492 I 492:492 I 492:492 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 32 theme endo- 495:499 arg1 -β-glucanases 505:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 14 33 from presence 2077:2084 arg1 cleft 2181:2185 the catalytic cleft 2167:2185 the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2167:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 14 34 theme substrate-binding 2128:2144 arg1 residues 2155:2162 substrate-binding aromatic residues 2128:2162 substrate-binding aromatic residues 2128:2162 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 15 35 theme catalytic 2254:2262 arg1 cleft 2264:2268 the catalytic cleft 2250:2268 the catalytic cleft 2250:2268 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 5 36 theme soluble 938:944 arg1 -glucans 953:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 14 37 from loops 2118:2122 arg1 cleft 2181:2185 the catalytic cleft 2167:2185 the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2167:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 7 38 theme final 1111:1115 arg1 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 38 theme final 1111:1115 arg1 products 1117:1124 The final products 1107:1124 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis 1107:1155 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 14 39 theme loops 2118:2122 arg1 presence 2077:2084 the presence 2073:2084 the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2073:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 11 40 theme Bgh12A 1760:1765 arg1 min 1773:1775 5 min 1771:1775 5 min 1771:1775 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 11 40 theme Bgh12A 1760:1765 arg1 half-life 1747:1755 the half-life 1743:1755 the half-life of Bgh12A 1743:1765 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 0 41 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 Bgh12A 29:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 15 42 theme Individual 2203:2212 arg1 composition 2214:2224 Individual composition 2203:2224 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft 2203:2268 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 9 43 theme -β-glycosidic 1442:1454 arg1 bonds 1456:1460 -β-glycosidic bonds 1442:1460 the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone 1433:1487 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 14 44 theme subgroup-specific 2089:2105 arg1 loops 2118:2122 subgroup-specific structural loops 2089:2122 subgroup-specific structural loops 2089:2122 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 2 45 theme activities 411:420 arg1 examples 389:396 examples 389:396 examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family 389:445 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 9 46 dep bonds 1456:1460 arg1 1,4 1438:1440 1,4 1438:1440 1,4 1438:1440 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 1 47 theme fungi 276:280 arg1 enzymes 265:271 hydrolytic enzymes 254:271 hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini 254:305 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 9 48 theme xyloglucan 1469:1478 arg1 backbone 1480:1487 the xyloglucan backbone 1465:1487 the xyloglucan backbone 1465:1487 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 8 49 with restricted 1360:1369 arg1 protein 1405:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 11 50 from conditions 1673:1682 arg1 min 1730:1732 158 min 1726:1732 158 min 1726:1732 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 11 50 from conditions 1673:1682 arg1 half-time 1689:1697 the half-time 1685:1697 the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation 1685:1720 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 14 51 from cleft 2181:2185 arg1 presence 2077:2084 the presence 2073:2084 the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2073:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 8 52 theme Xgh12B 1334:1339 arg1 activity 1303:1310 the activity 1299:1310 the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) 1299:1354 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 8 52 theme Xgh12B 1334:1339 arg1 restricted 1360:1369 restricted 1360:1369 restricted 1360:1369 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 1 53 theme industrial 192:201 arg1 production 203:212 the industrial production 188:212 the industrial production of carbohydrases 188:229 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 2 54 dep subgroup 483:490 arg1 I 492:492 I 492:492 I 492:492 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 54 dep subgroup 483:490 arg1 endo-xyloglucanases 528:546 endo-xyloglucanases 528:546 endo-xyloglucanases 528:546 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 54 dep subgroup 483:490 arg1 -β-glucanases 505:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases 495:517 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 54 dep subgroup 483:490 arg1 II 524:525 II 524:525 II 524:525 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 9 55 theme unsubstituted 1496:1508 arg1 residues 1518:1525 the unsubstituted glucose residues 1492:1525 the unsubstituted glucose residues 1492:1525 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 56 theme lichenan 1137:1144 arg1 hydrolysis 1146:1155 lichenan hydrolysis 1137:1155 lichenan hydrolysis 1137:1155 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 15 57 from composition 2214:2224 arg1 cleft 2264:2268 the catalytic cleft 2250:2268 the catalytic cleft 2250:2268 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 1 58 theme carbohydrases 217:229 arg1 production 203:212 the industrial production 188:212 the industrial production of carbohydrases 188:229 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 15 59 theme aromatic 2229:2236 arg1 residues 2238:2245 aromatic residues 2229:2245 aromatic residues 2229:2245 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 7 60 theme BBG 1129:1131 arg1 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 60 theme BBG 1129:1131 arg1 products 1117:1124 The final products 1107:1124 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis 1107:1155 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 14 61 theme Strict 1984:1989 arg1 differences 1991:2001 Strict differences 1984:2001 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B 1984:2047 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 9 62 theme backbone 1480:1487 arg1 bonds 1456:1460 -β-glycosidic bonds 1442:1460 the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone 1433:1487 The enzyme cleaved the (1,4)-β-glycosidic bonds of the xyloglucan backbone at the unsubstituted glucose residues finally generating cellotetraose-based hepta-, octa, and nona-oligosaccharides. 31332485 12 63 theme target 1840:1845 arg1 enzymes 1847:1853 the target enzymes 1836:1853 the target enzymes 1836:1853 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 6 64 theme 614 1081:1083 arg1 U/mg 1090:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg 1081:1093 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein 1081:1104 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 2 65 theme glycoside 314:322 arg1 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 65 theme glycoside 314:322 arg1 hydrolases 324:333 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B 308:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 308:377 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 65 theme glycoside 314:322 arg1 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 4 66 theme Pichia 815:820 arg1 pastoris 822:829 Pichia pastoris 815:829 Pichia pastoris 815:829 The recombinant enzymes were heterologously produced in Pichia pastoris, purified, and characterized. 31332485 3 67 theme conservative 676:687 arg1 regions 689:695 conservative regions 676:695 conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach 676:756 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 1 68 theme intensive 147:155 arg1 exploitation 157:168 intensive exploitation 147:168 intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases 147:229 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 14 69 theme substrate 2006:2014 arg1 specificity 2016:2026 substrate specificity 2006:2026 substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B 2006:2047 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 5 70 theme linkage 972:978 arg1 β- 980:981 mixed linkage β- 966:981 mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4) 966:990 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 3 71 theme corresponding 704:716 arg1 subgroups 718:726 the corresponding subgroups 700:726 the corresponding subgroups 700:726 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 3 72 theme approach 749:756 arg1 regions 689:695 conservative regions 676:695 conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach 676:756 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 13 73 theme % 1972:1972 arg1 identity 1974:1981 43% identity 1970:1981 43% identity 1970:1981 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences show 43% identity. 31332485 14 74 from differences 1991:2001 arg1 specificity 2016:2026 substrate specificity 2006:2026 substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B 2006:2047 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 10 75 contain had 1625:1627 arg1 Bgh12A 1607:1612 Bgh12A 1607:1612 Bgh12A 1607:1612 Bgh12A and Xgh12B had maximal activity at 55 °C, pH 5.0. 31332485 10 75 contain had 1625:1627 arg2 activity 1637:1644 maximal activity 1629:1644 maximal activity 1629:1644 Bgh12A and Xgh12B had maximal activity at 55 °C, pH 5.0. 31332485 10 75 contain had 1625:1627 arg1 Xgh12B 1618:1623 Xgh12B 1618:1623 Xgh12B 1618:1623 Bgh12A and Xgh12B had maximal activity at 55 °C, pH 5.0. 31332485 12 76 theme total 1903:1907 arg1 proteins 1923:1930 the total extracellular proteins 1899:1930 the total extracellular proteins 1899:1930 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 14 77 theme enzymes 2194:2200 arg1 cleft 2181:2185 the catalytic cleft 2167:2185 the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2167:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 3 78 theme genome 734:739 arg1 approach 749:756 a genome walking approach 732:756 a genome walking approach 732:756 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 13 79 theme Bgh12A 1937:1942 arg1 sequences 1955:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences 1933:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences 1933:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences show 43% identity. 31332485 3 80 theme xgh12B 579:584 arg1 genes 586:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes 564:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes 564:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 7 81 theme mixed-linkage 1248:1260 arg1 gluco-oligosaccharides 1262:1283 higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides 1241:1283 higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides 1241:1283 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 82 theme hydrolysis 1146:1155 arg1 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 glucose 1162:1168 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 7 82 theme hydrolysis 1146:1155 arg1 products 1117:1124 The final products 1107:1124 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis 1107:1155 The final products of BBG and lichenan hydrolysis were glucose, cellobiose, cellotriose, 4-O-β-laminaribiosyl-glucose, and a range of higher mixed-linkage gluco-oligosaccharides. 31332485 8 83 from restricted 1360:1369 arg1 contrast 1289:1296 contrast 1289:1296 contrast 1289:1296 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 13 84 theme Xgh12B 1948:1953 arg1 sequences 1955:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences 1933:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences 1933:1963 The Bgh12A and Xgh12B sequences show 43% identity. 31332485 3 85 theme bgh12A 568:573 arg1 genes 586:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes 564:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes 564:590 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 14 86 with congruence 2057:2066 arg1 presence 2077:2084 the presence 2073:2084 the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2073:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 8 87 theme ± 1395:1395 arg1 protein 1405:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 12 88 theme recombinant 1876:1886 arg1 protein 1888:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 recombinant protein 1876:1894 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 14 89 theme catalytic 2171:2179 arg1 cleft 2181:2185 the catalytic cleft 2167:2185 the catalytic cleft of the enzymes 2167:2200 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 12 90 theme Recombinant 1778:1788 arg1 strains 1802:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains 1778:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains 1778:1808 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 2 91 theme GH12 465:468 arg1 subgroup 483:490 the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases) 461:547 the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases) 461:547 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 8 92 theme U/mg 1400:1403 arg1 protein 1405:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 542 ± 39 U/mg protein 1391:1411 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 15 93 theme substrate 2293:2301 arg1 selectivity 2303:2313 substrate selectivity 2293:2313 substrate selectivity 2293:2313 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 2 94 dep hydrolases 324:333 arg1 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 94 dep hydrolases 324:333 arg1 hydrolases 324:333 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B 308:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 308:377 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 94 dep hydrolases 324:333 arg1 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 14 95 theme aromatic 2146:2153 arg1 residues 2155:2162 substrate-binding aromatic residues 2128:2162 substrate-binding aromatic residues 2128:2162 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 0 96 theme GH12 97:100 arg1 subgroup 102:109 GH12 subgroup I and II 97:118 subgroup 102:109 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 5 97 theme unbranched 927:936 arg1 -glucans 953:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 0 98 theme endo- 6:10 arg1 Bgh12A 29:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 2 99 theme enzyme 433:438 arg1 family 440:445 one enzyme family 429:445 one enzyme family 429:445 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 12 100 dep 106 1825:1827 arg1 to 1822:1823 to 1822:1823 to 1822:1823 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 14 101 theme structural 2107:2116 arg1 loops 2118:2122 subgroup-specific structural loops 2089:2122 subgroup-specific structural loops 2089:2122 Strict differences in substrate specificity of Bgh12A and Xgh12B were in congruence with the presence of subgroup-specific structural loops and substrate-binding aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft of the enzymes. 31332485 0 102 theme 1,4 12:14 arg1 Bgh12A 29:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 1 103 theme hydrolytic 254:263 arg1 enzymes 265:271 hydrolytic enzymes 254:271 hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini 254:305 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 15 104 from variability 2278:2288 arg1 selectivity 2303:2313 substrate selectivity 2293:2313 substrate selectivity 2293:2313 Individual composition of aromatic residues in the catalytic cleft defined variability in substrate selectivity within GH12 subgroups I and II. 31332485 2 105 theme divergent 401:409 arg1 activities 411:420 divergent activities 401:420 divergent activities within one enzyme family 401:445 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 0 106 theme -β-glucanase 16:27 arg1 Bgh12A 29:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A 0:34 Novel endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase Bgh12A and xyloglucanase Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus belong to GH12 subgroup I and II, respectively. 31332485 5 107 theme -glucans 953:960 arg1 -D-glucans 991:1000 the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 923:1000 the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans 923:1000 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 12 108 dep P. 1790:1791 arg1 pastoris 1793:1800 pastoris 1793:1800 pastoris 1793:1800 Recombinant P. pastoris strains produced up to 106 U/L of the target enzymes with at least 75% of recombinant protein in the total extracellular proteins. 31332485 1 109 from Cervini 299:305 arg1 enzymes 265:271 hydrolytic enzymes 254:271 hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini 254:305 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 3 110 theme walking 741:747 arg1 approach 749:756 a genome walking approach 732:756 a genome walking approach 732:756 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 5 111 theme mixed 966:970 arg1 β- 980:981 mixed linkage β- 966:981 mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4) 966:990 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 2 112 theme Novel 308:312 arg1 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 112 theme Novel 308:312 arg1 hydrolases 324:333 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B 308:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 308:377 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 112 theme Novel 308:312 arg1 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 1 113 theme section 291:297 arg1 Cervini 299:305 the section Cervini 287:305 the section Cervini 287:305 In spite of intensive exploitation of aspergilli for the industrial production of carbohydrases, little is known about hydrolytic enzymes of fungi from the section Cervini. 31332485 5 114 theme β- 946:947 arg1 -glucans 953:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 2 115 from cervinus 370:377 arg1 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Bgh12A 335:340 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 115 from cervinus 370:377 arg1 hydrolases 324:333 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B 308:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus 308:377 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 2 115 from cervinus 370:377 arg1 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Xgh12B 346:351 Novel glycoside hydrolases Bgh12A and Xgh12B from Aspergillus cervinus represent examples of divergent activities within one enzyme family and belong to the GH12 phylogenetic subgroup I (endo-(1,4)-β-glucanases) and II (endo-xyloglucanases), respectively. 31332485 6 116 theme barley 1040:1045 arg1 BBG 1057:1059 BBG 1057:1059 BBG 1057:1059 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 6 116 theme barley 1040:1045 arg1 β-glucan 1047:1054 barley β-glucan 1040:1054 barley β-glucan (BBG) 1040:1060 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 3 117 theme unsequenced 615:625 arg1 genome 627:632 the unsequenced genome 611:632 the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus 611:647 The bgh12A and xgh12B genes were identified in the unsequenced genome of A. cervinus using primers designed for conservative regions of the corresponding subgroups and a genome walking approach. 31332485 8 118 theme endo-xyloglucanase 1315:1332 arg1 Xgh12B 1334:1339 endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B 1315:1339 endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) 1315:1354 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 8 118 theme endo-xyloglucanase 1315:1332 arg1 EC 1342:1343 EC 3.2.1.151 1342:1353 EC 3.2.1.151 1342:1353 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 6 119 theme maximum 1020:1026 arg1 activity 1028:1035 maximum activity 1020:1035 maximum activity 1020:1035 Bgh12A exhibited maximum activity on barley β-glucan (BBG), which amounted to 614 ± 30 U/mg of protein. 31332485 5 120 theme 1,4 949:951 arg1 -glucans 953:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans 927:960 Bgh12A was an endo-(1,4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) hydrolyzing the unbranched soluble β-(1,4)-glucans and mixed linkage β-(1,3;1,4)-D-glucans. 31332485 4 121 theme recombinant 763:773 arg1 enzymes 775:781 The recombinant enzymes 759:781 The recombinant enzymes 759:781 The recombinant enzymes were heterologously produced in Pichia pastoris, purified, and characterized. 31332485 10 122 theme maximal 1629:1635 arg1 activity 1637:1644 maximal activity 1629:1644 maximal activity 1629:1644 Bgh12A and Xgh12B had maximal activity at 55 °C, pH 5.0. 31332485 8 123 from contrast 1289:1296 arg1 activity 1303:1310 the activity 1299:1310 the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) 1299:1354 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 8 123 from contrast 1289:1296 arg1 restricted 1360:1369 restricted 1360:1369 restricted 1360:1369 In contrast, the activity of endo-xyloglucanase Xgh12B (EC 3.2.1.151) was restricted to xyloglucan, with 542 ± 39 U/mg protein. 31332485 11 124 theme inactivation 1709:1720 arg1 min 1730:1732 158 min 1726:1732 158 min 1726:1732 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 31332485 11 124 theme inactivation 1709:1720 arg1 half-time 1689:1697 the half-time 1685:1697 the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation 1685:1720 At these conditions, the half-time of Xgh12B inactivation was 158 min, whereas the half-life of Bgh12A was 5 min. 30001603 8 0 theme gum 1069:1071 arg1 solutions 1045:1053 solutions 1045:1053 solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) 1045:1083 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 7 1 theme asafoetida 927:936 arg1 gum 938:940 asafoetida gum 927:940 asafoetida gum 927:940 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 8 2 theme Arabic 1033:1038 arg1 gum 1040:1042 Arabic gum 1033:1042 Arabic gum 1033:1042 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 7 3 theme Arabic 1009:1014 arg1 gum 1016:1018 Arabic gum 1009:1018 Arabic gum 1009:1018 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 4 4 theme Arabic 465:470 arg1 gum 472:474 the Arabic gum 461:474 the Arabic gum 461:474 As the Arabic gum is currently used for its emulsifying properties, the two gums were evaluated for their functional and rheological behaviors. 30001603 5 5 theme Surface 602:608 arg1 values 635:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values 602:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values 602:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values were lower for asafoetida gum compared to Arabic gum. 30001603 8 6 theme shear 1122:1126 arg1 rates 1128:1132 shear rates 1122:1132 shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1 1122:1154 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 10 7 theme CaCl2 1331:1335 arg1 concentrations 1337:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 Higher viscosities were achieved at higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations. 30001603 7 8 dep index 975:979 arg1 contrast 945:952 contrast 945:952 contrast 945:952 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 9 9 theme gums 1203:1206 arg1 viscosities 1166:1176 Apparent viscosities 1157:1176 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums 1157:1206 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums were close and logically decreased by increasing temperature (10-80 °C). 30001603 6 10 theme w/w 766:768 arg1 % 764:764 0.5% w/w 761:768 0.5% w/w 761:768 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 5 11 theme Arabic 684:689 arg1 gum 691:693 Arabic gum 684:693 Arabic gum 684:693 Surface and interfacial tensions values were lower for asafoetida gum compared to Arabic gum. 30001603 5 12 theme interfacial 614:624 arg1 tensions 626:633 interfacial tensions 614:633 interfacial tensions 614:633 Surface and interfacial tensions values were lower for asafoetida gum compared to Arabic gum. 30001603 6 13 theme % 764:764 arg1 concentrations 743:756 concentrations 743:756 concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively 743:824 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 1 14 theme asafoetida 61:70 arg1 gum 72:74 The asafoetida gum 57:74 The asafoetida gum 57:74 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 8 15 theme w/w 1080:1082 arg1 gum 1069:1071 asafoetida gum 1058:1071 asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) 1058:1083 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 8 15 theme w/w 1080:1082 arg1 % 1078:1078 2-30% w/w 1074:1082 2-30% w/w 1074:1082 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 10 16 theme pH 1324:1325 arg1 concentrations 1337:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 Higher viscosities were achieved at higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations. 30001603 10 17 theme Higher 1281:1286 arg1 viscosities 1288:1298 Higher viscosities 1281:1298 Higher viscosities 1281:1298 Higher viscosities were achieved at higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations. 30001603 3 18 theme Gal 414:416 arg1 ratio 431:435 a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio 412:435 a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 412:455 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 0 19 theme gum 52:54 arg1 properties 27:36 Rheological and functional properties 0:36 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum 0:54 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum. 30001603 4 20 used used 489:492 arg2 gum 472:474 the Arabic gum 461:474 the Arabic gum 461:474 As the Arabic gum is currently used for its emulsifying properties, the two gums were evaluated for their functional and rheological behaviors. 30001603 1 21 theme high 172:175 arg1 chromatography 202:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography 172:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis 172:239 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 7 22 theme properties 887:896 arg1 Values 827:832 Values 827:832 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties 827:896 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 8 23 theme asafoetida 1058:1067 arg1 gum 1069:1071 asafoetida gum 1058:1071 asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) 1058:1083 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 8 23 theme asafoetida 1058:1067 arg1 % 1078:1078 2-30% w/w 1074:1082 2-30% w/w 1074:1082 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 7 24 theme foaming 879:885 arg1 properties 887:896 foaming properties 879:896 foaming properties 879:896 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 1 25 theme pressure 177:184 arg1 chromatography 202:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography 172:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis 172:239 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 0 26 theme Rheological 0:10 arg1 properties 27:36 Rheological and functional properties 0:36 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum 0:54 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum. 30001603 7 27 theme emulsion 856:863 arg1 stability 865:873 emulsion stability 856:873 emulsion stability 856:873 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 2 28 dep Gal 261:263 arg1 Rha 269:271 Rha 269:271 Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA with the ratio 11.5:5.0:2.1:1.0 261:308 It was composed of Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA with the ratio 11.5:5.0:2.1:1.0. 30001603 2 28 dep Gal 261:263 arg1 Ara 265:267 Ara 265:267 Ara 265:267 It was composed of Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA with the ratio 11.5:5.0:2.1:1.0. 30001603 2 28 dep Gal 261:263 arg1 GlcA 273:276 GlcA 273:276 GlcA 273:276 It was composed of Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA with the ratio 11.5:5.0:2.1:1.0. 30001603 8 29 theme flow 1105:1108 arg1 behavior 1110:1117 Newtonian flow behavior 1095:1117 Newtonian flow behavior 1095:1117 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 10 30 theme higher 1317:1322 arg1 concentrations 1337:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations 1317:1350 Higher viscosities were achieved at higher pH and CaCl2 concentrations. 30001603 7 31 theme stability 865:873 arg1 Values 827:832 Values 827:832 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties 827:896 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 1 32 theme exchange 193:200 arg1 chromatography 202:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography 172:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis 172:239 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 0 33 theme functional 16:25 arg1 properties 27:36 Rheological and functional properties 0:36 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum 0:54 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum. 30001603 5 34 theme asafoetida 657:666 arg1 gum 668:670 asafoetida gum 657:670 asafoetida gum 657:670 Surface and interfacial tensions values were lower for asafoetida gum compared to Arabic gum. 30001603 4 35 theme functional 564:573 arg1 behaviors 591:599 their functional and rheological behaviors 558:599 their functional and rheological behaviors 558:599 As the Arabic gum is currently used for its emulsifying properties, the two gums were evaluated for their functional and rheological behaviors. 30001603 0 36 theme asafoetida 41:50 arg1 gum 52:54 asafoetida gum 41:54 asafoetida gum 41:54 Rheological and functional properties of asafoetida gum. 30001603 4 37 theme emulsifying 502:512 arg1 properties 514:523 its emulsifying properties 498:523 its emulsifying properties 498:523 As the Arabic gum is currently used for its emulsifying properties, the two gums were evaluated for their functional and rheological behaviors. 30001603 6 38 theme Arabic 800:805 arg1 gums 807:810 asafoetida and Arabic gums 785:810 asafoetida and Arabic gums 785:810 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 1 39 theme anions 186:191 arg1 chromatography 202:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography 172:215 high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis 172:239 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 9 40 theme asafoetida 1192:1201 arg1 gums 1203:1206 Arabic and asafoetida gums 1181:1206 Arabic and asafoetida gums 1181:1206 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums were close and logically decreased by increasing temperature (10-80 °C). 30001603 7 41 theme emulsion 957:964 arg1 index 975:979 emulsion activity index 957:979 emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum 957:1018 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 1 42 theme acidic 223:228 arg1 hydrolysis 230:239 acidic hydrolysis 223:239 acidic hydrolysis 223:239 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 3 43 theme commercial 374:383 arg1 gum 392:394 a commercial Arabic gum 372:394 a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 372:455 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 5 44 theme tensions 626:633 arg1 values 635:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values 602:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values 602:640 Surface and interfacial tensions values were lower for asafoetida gum compared to Arabic gum. 30001603 6 45 theme asafoetida 785:794 arg1 gums 807:810 asafoetida and Arabic gums 785:810 asafoetida and Arabic gums 785:810 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 3 46 dep Gal 414:416 arg1 GlcA 426:429 GlcA 426:429 GlcA 426:429 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 3 46 dep Gal 414:416 arg1 Rha 422:424 Rha 422:424 a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 412:455 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 3 46 dep Gal 414:416 arg1 Ara 418:420 Ara 418:420 Ara 418:420 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 7 47 theme activity 966:973 arg1 index 975:979 emulsion activity index 957:979 emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum 957:1018 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 3 48 theme Arabic 385:390 arg1 gum 392:394 a commercial Arabic gum 372:394 a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 372:455 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 9 49 theme Apparent 1157:1164 arg1 viscosities 1166:1176 Apparent viscosities 1157:1176 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums 1157:1206 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums were close and logically decreased by increasing temperature (10-80 °C). 30001603 6 50 theme micelle 705:711 arg1 concentration 713:725 Critical micelle concentration 696:725 Critical micelle concentration 696:725 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 3 51 theme 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 440:455 arg1 ratio 431:435 a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio 412:435 a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0 412:455 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 7 52 theme capacity 846:853 arg1 Values 827:832 Values 827:832 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties 827:896 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 6 53 theme w/w 777:779 arg1 % 775:775 1% w/w 774:779 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums 774:810 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 6 54 theme Critical 696:703 arg1 concentration 713:725 Critical micelle concentration 696:725 Critical micelle concentration 696:725 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 1 55 theme Ferula 126:131 arg1 root 146:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 6 56 theme % 775:775 arg1 concentrations 743:756 concentrations 743:756 concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively 743:824 Critical micelle concentration was achieved at concentrations of 0.5% w/w and 1% w/w for asafoetida and Arabic gums, respectively. 30001603 1 57 theme assa 133:136 arg1 root 146:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 4 58 theme rheological 579:589 arg1 behaviors 591:599 their functional and rheological behaviors 558:599 their functional and rheological behaviors 558:599 As the Arabic gum is currently used for its emulsifying properties, the two gums were evaluated for their functional and rheological behaviors. 30001603 1 59 theme foetida 138:144 arg1 root 146:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 Ferula assa foetida root 126:149 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 30001603 7 60 theme emulsion 837:844 arg1 capacity 846:853 emulsion capacity 837:853 emulsion capacity 837:853 Values of emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and foaming properties were considerably higher for asafoetida gum in contrast to emulsion activity index that was lower than that of Arabic gum. 30001603 3 61 theme monosaccharide 316:329 arg1 composition 331:341 This monosaccharide composition 311:341 This monosaccharide composition 311:341 This monosaccharide composition was found similar to that of a commercial Arabic gum which exhibited a Gal:Ara:Rha:GlcA ratio of 11.7:5.4:3.2:1.0. 30001603 9 62 theme Arabic 1181:1186 arg1 gums 1203:1206 Arabic and asafoetida gums 1181:1206 Arabic and asafoetida gums 1181:1206 Apparent viscosities of Arabic and asafoetida gums were close and logically decreased by increasing temperature (10-80 °C). 30001603 8 63 theme Newtonian 1095:1103 arg1 behavior 1110:1117 Newtonian flow behavior 1095:1117 Newtonian flow behavior 1095:1117 As those of Arabic gum, solutions of asafoetida gum (2-30% w/w) exhibited Newtonian flow behavior at shear rates between 1 and 500 s-1. 30001603 1 64 theme root 146:149 arg1 oleo-gum-resin 108:121 oleo-gum-resin 108:121 oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root 108:149 The asafoetida gum was extracted and purified from oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa foetida root and characterized by high pressure anions exchange chromatography after acidic hydrolysis. 31726147 7 0 theme M/G 1136:1138 arg1 ratio 1140:1144 the M/G ratio 1132:1144 the M/G ratio 1132:1144 Additionally, NMR and XRD showed that the M/G ratio did not change the basic chemical structure but caused slight changes in crystallinity. 31726147 5 1 with consistent 909:918 arg1 trends 929:934 the trends 925:934 the trends of rheology and solubility 925:961 The M/G ratio increased from 2.53 to 3.24 between 15 and 23 weeks and then decreased to 3.16 in 25 weeks, consistent with the trends of rheology and solubility. 31726147 4 2 theme parts 709:713 arg1 ratio 690:694 The ratio 686:694 The ratio of the three parts in mature seeds 686:729 The ratio of the three parts in mature seeds was as follows: endosperm (36.67%), hull (34.41%), and embryo (28.92%). 31726147 5 3 theme rheology 939:946 arg1 trends 929:934 the trends 925:934 the trends of rheology and solubility 925:961 The M/G ratio increased from 2.53 to 3.24 between 15 and 23 weeks and then decreased to 3.16 in 25 weeks, consistent with the trends of rheology and solubility. 31726147 1 4 theme triacanthos 116:126 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 1 4 theme triacanthos 116:126 arg1 material 211:218 a new functional material 194:218 a new functional material 194:218 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 3 5 theme X-ray 511:515 arg1 diffraction 517:527 X-ray diffraction 511:527 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 511:533 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 5 theme X-ray 511:515 arg1 XRD 530:532 XRD 530:532 XRD 530:532 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 6 theme monosaccharide 540:553 arg1 analysis 567:574 monosaccharide composition analysis 540:574 monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) 540:620 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 6 theme monosaccharide 540:553 arg1 ratio 615:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 1 7 theme functional 200:209 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 1 7 theme functional 200:209 arg1 material 211:218 a new functional material 194:218 a new functional material 194:218 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 3 8 theme Nuclear 477:483 arg1 NMR 505:507 NMR 505:507 NMR 505:507 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 8 theme Nuclear 477:483 arg1 resonance 494:502 Nuclear magnetic resonance 477:502 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 477:508 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 8 9 theme industrial 1443:1452 arg1 applications 1454:1465 its potential industrial applications 1429:1465 its potential industrial applications 1429:1465 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 1 10 theme Gleditsia 106:114 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 1 10 theme Gleditsia 106:114 arg1 material 211:218 a new functional material 194:218 a new functional material 194:218 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 8 11 from changes 1277:1283 arg1 rheology 1313:1320 rheology 1313:1320 rheology 1313:1320 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 8 11 from changes 1277:1283 arg1 solubility 1327:1336 solubility 1327:1336 solubility 1327:1336 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 8 11 from changes 1277:1283 arg1 structure 1302:1310 galactomannan structure 1288:1310 galactomannan structure 1288:1310 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 1 12 theme new 196:198 arg1 polysaccharide 128:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide 106:141 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 1 12 theme new 196:198 arg1 material 211:218 a new functional material 194:218 a new functional material 194:218 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 8 13 theme potential 1433:1441 arg1 applications 1454:1465 its potential industrial applications 1429:1465 its potential industrial applications 1429:1465 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 3 14 theme mannose 594:600 arg1 analysis 567:574 monosaccharide composition analysis 540:574 monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) 540:620 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 14 theme mannose 594:600 arg1 ratio 615:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 2 15 theme maturation 407:416 arg1 analysis 418:425 maturation analysis 407:425 maturation analysis 407:425 Galactomannans were recovered from the endosperm of seeds (15 weeks to 25 weeks after flowering) for deposition and maturation analysis. 31726147 0 16 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 characterization 16:31 Physicochemical characterization 0:31 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 0:104 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 31726147 2 17 theme seeds 343:347 arg1 endosperm 330:338 the endosperm 326:338 the endosperm of seeds (15 weeks to 25 weeks after flowering) for deposition and maturation analysis 326:425 Galactomannans were recovered from the endosperm of seeds (15 weeks to 25 weeks after flowering) for deposition and maturation analysis. 31726147 0 18 theme Gleditsia 36:44 arg1 triacanthos 46:56 Gleditsia triacanthos 36:56 Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation 36:103 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 31726147 8 19 theme applications 1454:1465 arg1 exploration 1414:1424 exploration 1414:1424 exploration of its potential industrial applications 1414:1465 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 5 20 theme solubility 952:961 arg1 trends 929:934 the trends 925:934 the trends of rheology and solubility 925:961 The M/G ratio increased from 2.53 to 3.24 between 15 and 23 weeks and then decreased to 3.16 in 25 weeks, consistent with the trends of rheology and solubility. 31726147 6 21 theme molecular 968:976 arg1 weight 978:983 The molecular weight 964:983 The molecular weight (1.28 × 106 g/mol) 964:1002 The molecular weight (1.28 × 106 g/mol) and intrinsic viscosity (882.53 mL/g) reached the maximum at 23 weeks and then decreased. 31726147 6 21 theme molecular 968:976 arg1 g/mol 997:1001 1.28 × 106 g/mol 986:1001 1.28 × 106 g/mol 986:1001 The molecular weight (1.28 × 106 g/mol) and intrinsic viscosity (882.53 mL/g) reached the maximum at 23 weeks and then decreased. 31726147 8 22 theme study 1253:1257 arg1 purpose 1238:1244 The purpose 1234:1244 The purpose of the study 1234:1257 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 8 23 dep galactomannan 1360:1372 arg1 deposition 1374:1383 deposition 1374:1383 deposition 1374:1383 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 5 24 dep 3.24 840:843 arg1 to 837:838 to 837:838 to 837:838 The M/G ratio increased from 2.53 to 3.24 between 15 and 23 weeks and then decreased to 3.16 in 25 weeks, consistent with the trends of rheology and solubility. 31726147 3 25 theme rheological 660:670 arg1 measurements 672:683 rheological measurements 660:683 rheological measurements 660:683 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 7 26 theme slight 1201:1206 arg1 changes 1208:1214 slight changes 1201:1214 slight changes in crystallinity 1201:1231 Additionally, NMR and XRD showed that the M/G ratio did not change the basic chemical structure but caused slight changes in crystallinity. 31726147 0 27 theme galactomannan 58:70 arg1 triacanthos 46:56 Gleditsia triacanthos 36:56 Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation 36:103 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 31726147 4 28 from ratio 690:694 arg1 seeds 725:729 mature seeds 718:729 mature seeds 718:729 The ratio of the three parts in mature seeds was as follows: endosperm (36.67%), hull (34.41%), and embryo (28.92%). 31726147 0 29 theme triacanthos 46:56 arg1 characterization 16:31 Physicochemical characterization 0:31 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 0:104 Physicochemical characterization of Gleditsia triacanthos galactomannan during deposition and maturation. 31726147 5 30 theme M/G 807:809 arg1 ratio 811:815 The M/G ratio 803:815 The M/G ratio 803:815 The M/G ratio increased from 2.53 to 3.24 between 15 and 23 weeks and then decreased to 3.16 in 25 weeks, consistent with the trends of rheology and solubility. 31726147 8 31 theme G. 1345:1346 arg1 galactomannan 1360:1372 G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation 1345:1398 galactomannan 1360:1372 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 3 32 dep ratio 615:619 arg1 to 602:603 to 602:603 to 602:603 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 33 theme galactose 605:613 arg1 analysis 567:574 monosaccharide composition analysis 540:574 monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) 540:620 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 33 theme galactose 605:613 arg1 ratio 615:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 7 34 theme basic 1165:1169 arg1 structure 1180:1188 the basic chemical structure 1161:1188 the basic chemical structure 1161:1188 Additionally, NMR and XRD showed that the M/G ratio did not change the basic chemical structure but caused slight changes in crystallinity. 31726147 8 35 theme galactomannan 1288:1300 arg1 structure 1302:1310 galactomannan structure 1288:1310 galactomannan structure 1288:1310 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 1 36 contain possesses 235:243 arg1 it 232:233 it 232:233 it 232:233 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 1 36 contain possesses 235:243 arg2 potential 256:264 industrial potential 245:264 industrial potential 245:264 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 4 37 theme mature 718:723 arg1 seeds 725:729 mature seeds 718:729 mature seeds 718:729 The ratio of the three parts in mature seeds was as follows: endosperm (36.67%), hull (34.41%), and embryo (28.92%). 31726147 8 38 theme triacanthos 1348:1358 arg1 galactomannan 1360:1372 G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation 1345:1398 galactomannan 1360:1372 The purpose of the study was to reveal the changes in galactomannan structure, rheology, and solubility during G. triacanthos galactomannan deposition and maturation to facilitate exploration of its potential industrial applications. 31726147 1 39 theme industrial 245:254 arg1 potential 256:264 industrial potential 245:264 industrial potential 245:264 Gleditsia triacanthos polysaccharide, known as galactomannan, has not been exploited as a new functional material even though it possesses industrial potential in food and biomedicine. 31726147 3 40 theme composition 555:565 arg1 analysis 567:574 monosaccharide composition analysis 540:574 monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) 540:620 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 40 theme composition 555:565 arg1 ratio 615:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 particularly the mannose to galactose ratio 577:619 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 7 41 from changes 1208:1214 arg1 crystallinity 1219:1231 crystallinity 1219:1231 crystallinity 1219:1231 Additionally, NMR and XRD showed that the M/G ratio did not change the basic chemical structure but caused slight changes in crystallinity. 31726147 2 42 dep seeds 343:347 arg1 15 weeks 350:357 15 weeks 350:357 15 weeks to 25 weeks after flowering 350:385 Galactomannans were recovered from the endosperm of seeds (15 weeks to 25 weeks after flowering) for deposition and maturation analysis. 31726147 3 43 theme molecular 626:634 arg1 weight 636:641 molecular weight 626:641 molecular weight 626:641 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 44 theme magnetic 485:492 arg1 NMR 505:507 NMR 505:507 NMR 505:507 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 3 44 theme magnetic 485:492 arg1 resonance 494:502 Nuclear magnetic resonance 477:502 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 477:508 These galactomannans were characterized by using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and monosaccharide composition analysis (particularly the mannose to galactose ratio) and molecular weight, solubility, and rheological measurements. 31726147 7 45 theme chemical 1171:1178 arg1 structure 1180:1188 the basic chemical structure 1161:1188 the basic chemical structure 1161:1188 Additionally, NMR and XRD showed that the M/G ratio did not change the basic chemical structure but caused slight changes in crystallinity. 31726147 6 46 theme intrinsic 1008:1016 arg1 882.53 mL/g 1029:1039 882.53 mL/g 1029:1039 882.53 mL/g 1029:1039 The molecular weight (1.28 × 106 g/mol) and intrinsic viscosity (882.53 mL/g) reached the maximum at 23 weeks and then decreased. 31726147 6 46 theme intrinsic 1008:1016 arg1 viscosity 1018:1026 intrinsic viscosity 1008:1026 intrinsic viscosity (882.53 mL/g) 1008:1040 The molecular weight (1.28 × 106 g/mol) and intrinsic viscosity (882.53 mL/g) reached the maximum at 23 weeks and then decreased. 30444534 7 0 theme AX3 1150:1152 arg1 extract 1154:1160 AX3 extract 1150:1160 AX3 extract 1150:1160 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 10 1 theme food 1806:1809 arg1 supplement 1811:1820 a food supplement 1804:1820 a food supplement in a murine model 1804:1838 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model could confirm their ability to modulate the microbiome. 30444534 11 2 from effect 2022:2027 arg1 axis 2049:2052 microbiome-brain axis 2032:2052 microbiome-brain axis 2032:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 4 3 theme activity 616:623 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 3 theme activity 616:623 arg1 score 625:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 5 4 theme Bacteroides 695:705 arg1 strains 723:729 Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 695:729 strains 723:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 7 5 from wheat 1028:1032 arg1 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard 1014:1050 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 5 6 theme Clostridium 711:721 arg1 strains 723:729 Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 695:729 strains 723:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 7 7 from AX4 1038:1040 arg1 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard 1014:1050 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 5 8 theme index 666:670 arg1 growth 685:690 prebiotic index equation the growth 656:690 prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 656:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 10 9 theme extracts 1792:1799 arg1 evaluation 1775:1784 The evaluation 1771:1784 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model 1771:1838 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model could confirm their ability to modulate the microbiome. 30444534 9 10 theme present 1471:1477 arg1 work 1479:1482 The present work 1467:1482 The present work 1467:1482 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 11 theme representative 1711:1724 arg1 strains 1726:1732 representative strains 1711:1732 representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1711:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 11 12 theme local 1960:1964 arg1 symptoms 1966:1973 local symptoms 1960:1973 local symptoms 1960:1973 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 7 13 from hard 1047:1050 arg1 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 1014:1016 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard 1014:1050 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 9 14 theme strain 1595:1600 arg1 ATCC23272 1613:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 11 15 theme microbiome-brain 2032:2047 arg1 axis 2049:2052 microbiome-brain axis 2032:2052 microbiome-brain axis 2032:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 1 16 theme prebiotic 208:216 arg1 character 218:226 their emergent prebiotic character 193:226 their emergent prebiotic character 193:226 Arabinoxylans are part of dietary fibre and have received attention given their emergent prebiotic character. 30444534 9 17 dep SIGNIFICANCE 1429:1440 arg1 demonstrates 1484:1495 demonstrates 1484:1495 demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1484:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 11 18 theme food 1902:1905 arg1 prototypes 1907:1916 Novel food prototypes 1896:1916 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics 1896:1944 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 18 theme food 1902:1905 arg1 probiotics 1935:1944 probiotics 1935:1944 probiotics 1935:1944 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 18 theme food 1902:1905 arg1 AX 1928:1929 AX 1928:1929 AX 1928:1929 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 18 theme food 1902:1905 arg1 psychobiotics 1990:2002 psychobiotics 1990:2002 psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis 1990:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 7 19 theme index 1189:1193 arg1 value 1195:1199 higher prebiotic index value 1172:1199 higher prebiotic index value (4·09) 1172:1206 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 19 theme index 1189:1193 arg1 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 20 theme similar 1059:1065 arg1 value 1083:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 9 21 theme AX 1502:1503 arg1 extracts 1505:1512 AX extracts 1502:1512 AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1502:1549 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 22 theme genera 1746:1751 arg1 strains 1726:1732 representative strains 1711:1732 representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1711:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 7 23 theme index 1077:1081 arg1 value 1083:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 24 theme commercial 1092:1101 arg1 inulin 1103:1108 commercial inulin 1092:1108 commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively) 1092:1143 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 8 25 used used 1312:1315 arg2 compositions 1341:1352 synbiotic compositions 1331:1352 synbiotic compositions 1331:1352 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 25 used used 1312:1315 arg2 extracts 1294:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 25 used used 1312:1315 arg2 prebiotic 1320:1328 prebiotic 1320:1328 prebiotic 1320:1328 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 25 used used 1312:1315 arg2 prototypes 1368:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 3 26 theme In 309:310 arg1 assays 318:323 In vitro assays 309:323 In vitro assays 309:323 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 9 27 theme soft 1531:1534 arg1 wheat 1545:1549 Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1519:1549 Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1519:1549 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 8 28 theme synbiotic 1331:1339 arg1 extracts 1294:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 28 theme synbiotic 1331:1339 arg1 compositions 1341:1352 synbiotic compositions 1331:1352 synbiotic compositions 1331:1352 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 7 29 theme prebiotic 1244:1252 arg1 index 1254:1258 other prebiotic index 1238:1258 other prebiotic index 1238:1258 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 3 30 from flour 402:406 arg1 extracts 376:383 the extracts 372:383 the extracts from whole wheat flour 372:406 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 9 31 theme hard 1540:1543 arg1 wheat 1545:1549 Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1519:1549 Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1519:1549 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 0 32 theme Lactobacillus 70:82 arg1 growth 60:65 the growth 56:65 the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve 56:116 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 4 33 theme prebiotic 528:536 arg1 effect 538:543 The prebiotic effect 524:543 The prebiotic effect 524:543 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 8 34 theme food 1363:1366 arg1 prototypes 1368:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 34 theme food 1363:1366 arg1 extracts 1294:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 7 35 theme positive 1217:1224 arg1 control 1226:1232 the positive control 1213:1232 the positive control 1213:1232 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 3 36 theme breve 452:456 arg1 growth 426:431 selective growth 416:431 selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media 416:521 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 5 37 theme acid 781:784 arg1 bacteria 786:793 lactic acid bacteria 774:793 lactic acid bacteria 774:793 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 4 38 dep scores 581:586 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 38 dep scores 581:586 arg1 growth 598:603 relative growth 589:603 relative growth 589:603 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 38 dep scores 581:586 arg1 score 625:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 38 dep scores 581:586 arg1 index 645:649 prebiotic index 635:649 prebiotic index 635:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 3 39 theme whole 390:394 arg1 flour 402:406 whole wheat flour 390:406 whole wheat flour 390:406 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 11 40 theme Novel 1896:1900 arg1 prototypes 1907:1916 Novel food prototypes 1896:1916 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics 1896:1944 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 40 theme Novel 1896:1900 arg1 probiotics 1935:1944 probiotics 1935:1944 probiotics 1935:1944 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 40 theme Novel 1896:1900 arg1 AX 1928:1929 AX 1928:1929 AX 1928:1929 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 11 40 theme Novel 1896:1900 arg1 psychobiotics 1990:2002 psychobiotics 1990:2002 psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis 1990:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 0 41 dep Lactobacillus 70:82 arg1 reuteri 84:90 reuteri 84:90 reuteri 84:90 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 4 42 theme quantitative 568:579 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 42 theme quantitative 568:579 arg1 growth 598:603 relative growth 589:603 relative growth 589:603 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 42 theme quantitative 568:579 arg1 score 625:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 42 theme quantitative 568:579 arg1 index 645:649 prebiotic index 635:649 prebiotic index 635:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 0 43 theme Argentinian 18:28 arg1 flour 42:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 9 44 dep L. 1602:1603 arg1 reuteri 1605:1611 reuteri 1605:1611 reuteri 1605:1611 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 3 45 theme selective 416:424 arg1 growth 426:431 selective growth 416:431 selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media 416:521 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 3 46 theme probiotic 462:470 arg1 ATCC23272 494:502 probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 462:502 probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 462:502 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 0 47 theme wheat 36:40 arg1 flour 42:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 7 48 theme prebiotic 1179:1187 arg1 value 1195:1199 higher prebiotic index value 1172:1199 higher prebiotic index value (4·09) 1172:1206 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 48 theme prebiotic 1179:1187 arg1 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 6 49 theme activity 912:919 arg1 values 927:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 3 50 theme defined 509:515 arg1 media 517:521 a defined media 507:521 a defined media 507:521 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 6 51 theme higher 895:900 arg1 values 927:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 9 52 theme breve 1630:1634 arg1 286 1636:1638 B. breve 286 1627:1638 B. breve 286 1627:1638 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 3 53 dep Lactobacillus 472:484 arg1 reuteri 486:492 reuteri 486:492 reuteri 486:492 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 1 54 theme fibre 153:157 arg1 part 137:140 part 137:140 part of dietary fibre 137:157 Arabinoxylans are part of dietary fibre and have received attention given their emergent prebiotic character. 30444534 1 54 theme fibre 153:157 arg1 Arabinoxylans 119:131 Arabinoxylans 119:131 Arabinoxylans 119:131 Arabinoxylans are part of dietary fibre and have received attention given their emergent prebiotic character. 30444534 7 55 dep inulin 1103:1108 arg1 2·22 1126:1129 2·22 1126:1129 2·22 1126:1129 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 55 dep inulin 1103:1108 arg1 2·64 1111:1114 2·64 1111:1114 2·64 1111:1114 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 3 56 theme Lactobacillus 472:484 arg1 ATCC23272 494:502 probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 462:502 probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 462:502 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 4 57 theme prebiotic 635:643 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 57 theme prebiotic 635:643 arg1 index 645:649 prebiotic index 635:649 prebiotic index 635:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 5 58 theme equation the 672:683 arg1 growth 685:690 prebiotic index equation the growth 656:690 prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 656:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 9 59 theme different 1662:1670 arg1 parameters 1672:1681 three different parameters 1656:1681 three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1656:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 60 from wheat 1545:1549 arg1 extracts 1505:1512 AX extracts 1502:1512 AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat 1502:1549 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 3 61 dep In 309:310 arg1 vitro 312:316 vitro 312:316 vitro 312:316 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 6 62 theme Lactobacillus 851:863 arg1 growth 841:846 the growth 837:846 the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium 837:883 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 11 63 theme beneficial 2011:2020 arg1 effect 2022:2027 a beneficial effect 2009:2027 a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis 2009:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 4 64 theme prebiotic 606:614 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 64 theme prebiotic 606:614 arg1 score 625:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 prebiotic activity score 606:629 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 2 65 dep soft 288:291 arg1 wheat 302:306 wheat 302:306 wheat 302:306 Four arabinoxylans extracts were obtained from Argentinian soft and hard wheat. 30444534 9 66 theme STUDY 1460:1464 arg1 IMPACT 1446:1451 IMPACT 1446:1451 IMPACT OF THE STUDY 1446:1464 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 66 theme STUDY 1460:1464 arg1 SIGNIFICANCE 1429:1440 SIGNIFICANCE 1429:1440 SIGNIFICANCE 1429:1440 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 11 67 with psychobiotics 1990:2002 arg1 effect 2022:2027 a beneficial effect 2009:2027 a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis 2009:2052 Novel food prototypes including AX and probiotics could relieve local symptoms and may act as psychobiotics with a beneficial effect on microbiome-brain axis. 30444534 5 68 theme prebiotic 656:664 arg1 growth 685:690 prebiotic index equation the growth 656:690 prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 656:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 6 69 theme arabinoxylans 804:816 arg1 extracts 818:825 All the arabinoxylans extracts 796:825 All the arabinoxylans extracts 796:825 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 10 70 theme AX 1789:1790 arg1 extracts 1792:1799 AX extracts 1789:1799 AX extracts 1789:1799 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model could confirm their ability to modulate the microbiome. 30444534 1 71 theme emergent 199:206 arg1 character 218:226 their emergent prebiotic character 193:226 their emergent prebiotic character 193:226 Arabinoxylans are part of dietary fibre and have received attention given their emergent prebiotic character. 30444534 9 72 theme strains 1726:1732 arg1 growth 1701:1706 the growth 1697:1706 the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1697:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 73 theme Bacteria 1737:1744 arg1 genera 1746:1751 Bacteria genera 1737:1751 Bacteria genera found in the gut 1737:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 2 74 theme arabinoxylans 234:246 arg1 extracts 248:255 Four arabinoxylans extracts 229:255 Four arabinoxylans extracts 229:255 Four arabinoxylans extracts were obtained from Argentinian soft and hard wheat. 30444534 7 75 theme prebiotic 1067:1075 arg1 value 1083:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 similar prebiotic index value 1059:1087 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 5 76 theme strains 723:729 arg1 growth 685:690 prebiotic index equation the growth 656:690 prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains 656:729 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 7 77 theme other 1238:1242 arg1 index 1254:1258 other prebiotic index 1238:1258 other prebiotic index 1238:1258 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 10 78 theme murine 1827:1832 arg1 model 1834:1838 a murine model 1825:1838 a murine model 1825:1838 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model could confirm their ability to modulate the microbiome. 30444534 9 79 located found 1753:1757 arg1 gut 1766:1768 the gut 1762:1768 the gut 1762:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 79 located found 1753:1757 arg2 genera 1746:1751 Bacteria genera 1737:1751 Bacteria genera found in the gut 1737:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 0 80 theme Bifidobacterium 96:110 arg1 breve 112:116 Bifidobacterium breve 96:116 Bifidobacterium breve 96:116 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 3 81 from growth 426:431 arg1 media 517:521 a defined media 507:521 a defined media 507:521 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 7 82 theme soft 1023:1026 arg1 wheat 1028:1032 soft wheat 1023:1032 soft wheat 1023:1032 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 8 83 theme novel 1357:1361 arg1 prototypes 1368:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 novel food prototypes 1357:1377 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 8 83 theme novel 1357:1361 arg1 extracts 1294:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts 1288:1301 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 5 84 theme lactic 774:779 arg1 bacteria 786:793 lactic acid bacteria 774:793 lactic acid bacteria 774:793 For prebiotic index equation the growth of Bacteroides and Clostridium strains was compared to that of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. 30444534 0 85 from flour 42:46 arg1 Arabinoxylan 0:11 Arabinoxylan 0:11 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour 0:46 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 9 86 theme probiotic 1585:1593 arg1 ATCC23272 1613:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 10 87 from supplement 1811:1820 arg1 model 1834:1838 a murine model 1825:1838 a murine model 1825:1838 The evaluation of AX extracts as a food supplement in a murine model could confirm their ability to modulate the microbiome. 30444534 3 88 theme wheat 396:400 arg1 flour 402:406 whole wheat flour 390:406 whole wheat flour 390:406 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 3 89 theme Bifidobacterium 436:450 arg1 breve 452:456 Bifidobacterium breve 436:456 Bifidobacterium breve 436:456 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 0 90 theme whole 30:34 arg1 flour 42:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Argentinian whole wheat flour 18:46 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 9 91 theme L. 1602:1603 arg1 ATCC23272 1613:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 1585:1621 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 4 92 theme relative 589:596 arg1 scores 581:586 three quantitative scores 562:586 three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index 562:649 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 4 92 theme relative 589:596 arg1 growth 598:603 relative growth 589:603 relative growth 589:603 The prebiotic effect was evaluated by three quantitative scores: relative growth, prebiotic activity score and prebiotic index. 30444534 3 93 theme ATCC23272 494:502 arg1 growth 426:431 selective growth 416:431 selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media 416:521 In vitro assays were performed to describe the extent to which the extracts from whole wheat flour support selective growth of Bifidobacterium breve and probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC23272 in a defined media. 30444534 7 94 theme higher 1172:1177 arg1 value 1195:1199 higher prebiotic index value 1172:1199 higher prebiotic index value (4·09) 1172:1206 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 7 94 theme higher 1172:1177 arg1 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 4·09 1202:1205 AX2 from soft wheat and AX4 from hard showed similar prebiotic index value to commercial inulin (2·64, 2·52 and 2·22 respectively), and AX3 extract presented higher prebiotic index value (4·09) than the positive control and other prebiotic index reported for arabinoxylans. 30444534 6 95 theme score 921:925 arg1 values 927:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 9 96 theme ATCC23272 1613:1621 arg1 growth 1575:1580 the growth 1571:1580 the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1571:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 8 97 theme many 1414:1417 arg1 diseases 1419:1426 many diseases 1414:1426 many diseases 1414:1426 These extracts could be used as prebiotic, synbiotic compositions or novel food prototypes to treat dysbiosis associated with many diseases. 30444534 0 98 theme breve 112:116 arg1 growth 60:65 the growth 56:65 the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve 56:116 Arabinoxylan from Argentinian whole wheat flour promote the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium breve. 30444534 6 99 theme prebiotic 902:910 arg1 values 927:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 higher prebiotic activity score values 895:932 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 9 100 theme B. 1627:1628 arg1 286 1636:1638 B. breve 286 1627:1638 B. breve 286 1627:1638 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 9 101 theme 286 1636:1638 arg1 growth 1575:1580 the growth 1571:1580 the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut 1571:1768 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The present work demonstrates that AX extracts from Argentinian soft and hard wheat promote efficiently the growth of probiotic strain L. reuteri ATCC23272 and B. breve 286, validated with three different parameters that consider the growth of representative strains of Bacteria genera found in the gut. 30444534 6 102 dep inulin 939:944 arg1 0·36 956:959 0·36 956:959 0·36 956:959 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 6 102 dep inulin 939:944 arg1 0·37 947:950 0·37 947:950 0·37 947:950 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30444534 6 103 theme Bifidobacterium 869:883 arg1 growth 841:846 the growth 837:846 the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium 837:883 All the arabinoxylans extracts supported the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, reaching higher prebiotic activity score values than inulin (0·37 and 0·36 for Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium respectively). 30990433 0 0 theme Atomic 90:95 arg1 Microscopy 103:112 Atomic Force Microscopy 90:112 Atomic Force Microscopy 90:112 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 5 1 theme adhesive 1135:1142 arg1 features 1144:1151 the mucilage's adhesive features 1120:1151 the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging 1120:1228 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 2 2 theme detailed 392:399 arg1 organizations 401:413 the detailed organizations 388:413 the detailed organizations 388:413 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 4 3 used utilized 772:779 arg2 AFM 764:766 AFM 764:766 AFM 764:766 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 5 4 theme mechanical 1211:1220 arg1 imaging 1222:1228 mechanical imaging 1211:1228 mechanical imaging 1211:1228 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 5 theme nanoscopic 1313:1322 arg1 structures 1324:1333 nanoscopic structures 1313:1333 nanoscopic structures 1313:1333 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 5 6 theme mucilage 935:942 arg1 images 921:926 AFM morphological images 903:926 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew 903:976 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 3 7 dep biological 700:709 arg1 issues 724:729 issues 724:729 issues 724:729 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 8 theme composite 987:995 arg1 nanostructures 997:1010 the composite nanostructures 983:1010 the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging 983:1228 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 9 theme prominent 1261:1269 arg1 capabilities 1271:1282 the prominent capabilities 1257:1282 the prominent capabilities of AFM 1257:1289 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 0 10 theme Force 97:101 arg1 Microscopy 103:112 Atomic Force Microscopy 90:112 Atomic Force Microscopy 90:112 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 3 11 theme biological 573:582 arg1 samples 584:590 the biological samples 569:590 the biological samples in their living states 569:613 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 6 12 dep structures 1324:1333 arg1 the 1309:1311 the 1309:1311 the 1309:1311 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 3 13 theme force 511:515 arg1 AFM 529:531 AFM 529:531 AFM 529:531 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 3 13 theme force 511:515 arg1 microscopy 517:526 atomic force microscopy 504:526 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 504:532 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 14 theme AFM 903:905 arg1 images 921:926 AFM morphological images 903:926 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew 903:976 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 2 15 theme natural 440:446 arg1 hydrogels 448:456 native natural hydrogels 433:456 native natural hydrogels 433:456 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 6 16 theme underlying 1448:1457 arg1 mechanisms 1459:1468 the underlying mechanisms 1444:1468 the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels 1444:1511 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 6 17 theme AFM 1287:1289 arg1 capabilities 1271:1282 the prominent capabilities 1257:1282 the prominent capabilities of AFM 1257:1289 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 2 18 theme bioinspired 309:319 arg1 hydrogels 321:329 biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels 295:329 biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels 295:329 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 2 19 theme native 433:438 arg1 hydrogels 448:456 native natural hydrogels 433:456 native natural hydrogels 433:456 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 6 20 theme hydrogels 1503:1511 arg1 behaviors 1482:1490 the behaviors 1478:1490 the behaviors of natural hydrogels 1478:1511 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 4 21 theme plant 889:893 arg1 sundew 895:900 the carnivorous plant sundew 873:900 the carnivorous plant sundew 873:900 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 2 22 theme biochemical 359:369 arg1 analysis 371:378 biochemical analysis 359:378 biochemical analysis 359:378 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 1 23 theme promising 194:202 arg1 biomaterial 204:214 a promising biomaterial 192:214 a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics 192:285 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration have been considered as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics. 30990433 1 23 theme promising 194:202 arg1 Hydrogels 115:123 Hydrogels 115:123 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration 115:166 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration have been considered as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics. 30990433 0 24 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 Nanostructures 10:23 Composite Nanostructures 0:23 Composite Nanostructures 0:23 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 4 25 theme carnivorous 877:887 arg1 sundew 895:900 the carnivorous plant sundew 873:900 the carnivorous plant sundew 873:900 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 3 26 theme living 601:606 arg1 states 608:613 their living states 595:613 their living states 595:613 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 27 theme morphological 907:919 arg1 images 921:926 AFM morphological images 903:926 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew 903:976 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 0 28 theme Adhesion 29:36 arg1 Analysis 38:45 Adhesion Analysis 29:45 Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels 29:72 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 5 29 theme peak 1192:1195 arg1 force 1197:1201 peak force 1192:1201 peak force tapping mechanical imaging 1192:1228 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 30 theme spatial 1390:1396 arg1 resolution 1398:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 4 31 theme natural 843:849 arg1 hydrogels 851:859 the natural hydrogels 839:859 the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew 839:900 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 3 32 theme atomic 504:509 arg1 AFM 529:531 AFM 529:531 AFM 529:531 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 3 32 theme atomic 504:509 arg1 microscopy 517:526 atomic force microscopy 504:526 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 504:532 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 33 theme sundew 971:976 arg1 types 962:966 three types 956:966 three types of sundew 956:976 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 34 theme unprecedented 1376:1388 arg1 resolution 1398:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 6 35 theme bioinspired 1572:1582 arg1 biomaterials 1584:1595 biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1557:1595 biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1557:1595 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 1 36 theme biomedical 220:229 arg1 applications 231:242 biomedical applications 220:242 biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics 220:285 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration have been considered as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics. 30990433 6 37 with hydrogels 1361:1369 arg1 resolution 1398:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 unprecedented spatial resolution 1376:1407 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 3 38 theme nanometer 620:628 arg1 resolution 638:647 nanometer spatial resolution 620:647 nanometer spatial resolution 620:647 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 4 39 dep structures 801:810 arg1 the 797:799 the 797:799 the 797:799 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 5 40 dep mucilage 1019:1026 arg1 networks 1083:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 5 40 dep mucilage 1019:1026 arg1 nanofibers 1050:1059 nanofibers 1050:1059 nanofibers 1050:1059 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 5 40 dep mucilage 1019:1026 arg1 nanoparticles 1035:1047 nanoparticles 1035:1047 nanoparticles 1035:1047 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 41 theme biomimetic 1557:1566 arg1 biomaterials 1584:1595 biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1557:1595 biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1557:1595 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 6 42 theme hydrogels 1361:1369 arg1 properties 1339:1348 properties 1339:1348 properties 1339:1348 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 6 42 theme hydrogels 1361:1369 arg1 structures 1324:1333 nanoscopic structures 1313:1333 nanoscopic structures 1313:1333 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 3 43 theme new 663:665 arg1 possibilities 667:679 new possibilities 663:679 new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale 663:746 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 3 44 theme spatial 630:636 arg1 resolution 638:647 nanometer spatial resolution 620:647 nanometer spatial resolution 620:647 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 1 45 theme due 244:246 arg1 applications 231:242 biomedical applications 220:242 biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics 220:285 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration have been considered as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics. 30990433 0 46 theme Plant 58:62 arg1 Hydrogels 64:72 Natural Plant Hydrogels 50:72 Natural Plant Hydrogels 50:72 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 5 47 theme AFM 1165:1167 arg1 measurements 1175:1186 AFM force measurements 1165:1186 AFM force measurements 1165:1186 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 48 theme natural 1353:1359 arg1 hydrogels 1361:1369 natural hydrogels 1353:1369 natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1353:1595 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 5 49 theme porous 1066:1071 arg1 networks 1083:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 6 50 theme natural 1495:1501 arg1 hydrogels 1503:1511 natural hydrogels 1495:1511 natural hydrogels 1495:1511 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 0 51 theme Natural 50:56 arg1 Hydrogels 64:72 Natural Plant Hydrogels 50:72 Natural Plant Hydrogels 50:72 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 5 52 theme force 1169:1173 arg1 measurements 1175:1186 AFM force measurements 1165:1186 AFM force measurements 1165:1186 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 4 53 theme hydrogels 851:859 arg1 properties 825:834 adhesive properties 816:834 adhesive properties 816:834 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 4 53 theme hydrogels 851:859 arg1 structures 801:810 structures 801:810 structures 801:810 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 3 54 from samples 584:590 arg1 states 608:613 their living states 595:613 their living states 595:613 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 55 theme mucilage 1019:1026 arg1 nanostructures 997:1010 the composite nanostructures 983:1010 the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging 983:1228 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 4 56 theme adhesive 816:823 arg1 properties 825:834 adhesive properties 816:834 adhesive properties 816:834 In this paper, AFM was utilized to characterize the structures and adhesive properties of the natural hydrogels produced by the carnivorous plant sundew. 30990433 5 57 dep nanoparticles 1035:1047 arg1 e.g. 1029:1032 e.g. 1029:1032 e.g. 1029:1032 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 3 58 theme microscopy 517:526 arg1 advent 494:499 The advent 490:499 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) 490:532 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 5 59 theme polymeric 1073:1081 arg1 networks 1083:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 porous polymeric networks 1066:1090 AFM morphological images of the mucilage secreted by three types of sundew show the composite nanostructures of the mucilage (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers, and porous polymeric networks), which are correlated with the mucilage's adhesive features revealed by AFM force measurements and peak force tapping mechanical imaging. 30990433 2 60 theme biomimetic 295:304 arg1 hydrogels 321:329 biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels 295:329 biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels 295:329 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 6 61 theme biomaterials 1584:1595 arg1 studies 1546:1552 the studies 1542:1552 the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials 1542:1595 The research demonstrates the prominent capabilities of AFM in characterizing the nanoscopic structures and properties of natural hydrogels with unprecedented spatial resolution, which is useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms guiding the behaviors of natural hydrogels and will potentially benefit the studies of biomimetic and bioinspired biomaterials. 30990433 2 62 theme hydrogels 448:456 arg1 properties 419:428 properties 419:428 properties 419:428 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 2 62 theme hydrogels 448:456 arg1 organizations 401:413 the detailed organizations 388:413 the detailed organizations 388:413 Though biomimetic or bioinspired hydrogels have been widely studied by biochemical analysis, so far the detailed organizations and properties of native natural hydrogels are still not fully understood. 30990433 3 63 theme potent 545:550 arg1 tool 552:555 a potent tool 543:555 a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale 543:746 The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for probing the biological samples in their living states with nanometer spatial resolution, which offers new possibilities for addressing the biological and material issues at the nanoscale. 30990433 1 64 theme biocompatible 257:269 arg1 characteristics 271:285 their biocompatible characteristics 251:285 their biocompatible characteristics 251:285 Hydrogels designed by biomimetism and bioinspiration have been considered as a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications due to their biocompatible characteristics. 30990433 0 65 theme Hydrogels 64:72 arg1 Nanostructures 10:23 Composite Nanostructures 0:23 Composite Nanostructures 0:23 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 30990433 0 65 theme Hydrogels 64:72 arg1 Analysis 38:45 Adhesion Analysis 29:45 Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels 29:72 Composite Nanostructures and Adhesion Analysis of Natural Plant Hydrogels Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. 31751808 12 0 theme BC 2047:2048 arg1 nanostructure 2030:2042 the unique nanostructure 2019:2042 the unique nanostructure of BC 2019:2048 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 9 1 theme self-therapeutic 1598:1613 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 1 theme self-therapeutic 1598:1613 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 14 2 theme wound 2368:2372 arg1 healing 2374:2380 better wound healing 2361:2380 better wound healing in diabetic rats 2361:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 0 3 from dressing 111:118 arg1 rats 162:165 diabetic rats 153:165 diabetic rats 153:165 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 13 4 theme safe 2139:2142 arg1 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 13 4 theme safe 2139:2142 arg1 dressing 2158:2165 a safe and effective dressing 2137:2165 a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats 2137:2207 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 5 from expression 1830:1839 arg1 wound 1922:1926 the wound 1918:1926 the wound of diabetic rats 1918:1943 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 11 5 from expression 1830:1839 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 2 6 theme MMP-9 322:326 arg1 expression 328:337 MMP-9 expression 322:337 MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound 322:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 13 7 theme effective 2148:2156 arg1 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 13 7 theme effective 2148:2156 arg1 dressing 2158:2165 a safe and effective dressing 2137:2165 a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats 2137:2207 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 12 8 theme specific 2079:2086 arg1 inhibition 2094:2103 specific MMP-9 inhibition 2079:2103 specific MMP-9 inhibition 2079:2103 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 9 9 theme siRNA 1635:1639 arg1 properties 1677:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 8 10 theme MMP-9 1198:1202 arg1 Inhibition 1184:1193 Inhibition 1184:1193 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats 1184:1233 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 7 11 theme protein 1079:1085 arg1 levels 1087:1092 protein levels 1079:1092 protein levels 1079:1092 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 14 12 theme gene 2342:2345 arg1 silencing 2347:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 10 13 theme BC-HCP/siMMP-9 1717:1730 arg1 dressing 1742:1749 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1713:1749 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1713:1749 Our results showed that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing slowly released HCP/siMMP-9. 31751808 14 14 theme efficient 2327:2335 arg1 silencing 2347:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 2 15 theme diabetic 344:351 arg1 wound 353:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 12 16 theme diabetic 1993:2000 arg1 healing 2008:2014 diabetic wound healing 1993:2014 diabetic wound healing 1993:2014 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 6 17 theme bacterial 952:960 arg1 BC 973:974 BC 973:974 BC 973:974 Upon exposure to bacterial cellulose (BC), the BC slowly released HCP/siMMP-9. 31751808 6 17 theme bacterial 952:960 arg1 cellulose 962:970 bacterial cellulose 952:970 bacterial cellulose (BC) 952:975 Upon exposure to bacterial cellulose (BC), the BC slowly released HCP/siMMP-9. 31751808 9 18 theme release 1669:1675 arg1 properties 1677:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 11 19 theme released 1784:1791 arg1 siMMP-9 1793:1799 The released siMMP-9 1780:1799 The released siMMP-9 1780:1799 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 11 20 theme human 1871:1875 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 5 21 theme cationic 843:850 arg1 properties 852:861 the cationic properties 839:861 the cationic properties of HCP 839:868 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 5 21 theme cationic 843:850 arg1 agent 902:906 a complexation agent 887:906 a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9) 887:932 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 8 22 theme rats 1230:1233 arg1 wounds 1211:1216 the wounds 1207:1216 the wounds of diabetic rats 1207:1233 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 7 23 dep expression 1064:1073 arg1 the 1055:1057 the 1055:1057 the 1055:1057 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 24 theme cell 1138:1141 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 24 theme cell 1138:1141 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 12 25 theme BC-HCP/siMMP-9 1950:1963 arg1 dressing 1975:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1946:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1946:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 8 26 theme wound 1403:1407 arg1 healing 1409:1415 wound healing 1403:1415 wound healing 1403:1415 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 4 27 theme gene 734:737 arg1 HCPs 685:688 four HCPs 680:688 four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) 680:729 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 4 27 theme gene 734:737 arg1 carriers 739:746 gene carriers 734:746 gene carriers 734:746 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 7 28 theme released 1018:1025 arg1 siMMP-9 1027:1033 The released siMMP-9 1014:1033 The released siMMP-9 1014:1033 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 3 29 theme controlled 633:642 arg1 properties 652:661 controlled release properties 633:661 controlled release properties 633:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 5 30 theme MMP-9 912:916 arg1 siMMP-9 925:931 siMMP-9 925:931 siMMP-9 925:931 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 5 30 theme MMP-9 912:916 arg1 siRNA 918:922 MMP-9 siRNA 912:922 MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9) 912:932 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 8 31 theme significant 1249:1259 arg1 enhancement 1261:1271 a significant enhancement 1247:1271 a significant enhancement of wound healing 1247:1288 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 14 32 theme HCP/siRNA 2303:2311 arg1 complexes 2313:2321 HCP/siRNA complexes 2303:2321 HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing 2303:2355 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 1 33 theme high 182:185 arg1 expression 187:196 The anomalous high expression 168:196 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) 168:234 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 1 33 theme high 182:185 arg1 factor 253:258 one important factor 239:258 one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing 239:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 2 34 from expression 328:337 arg1 wound 353:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 1 35 theme anomalous 172:180 arg1 expression 187:196 The anomalous high expression 168:196 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) 168:234 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 1 35 theme anomalous 172:180 arg1 factor 253:258 one important factor 239:258 one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing 239:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 5 36 theme HCP 777:779 arg1 derivatives 781:791 all HCP derivatives 773:791 all HCP derivatives 773:791 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 4 37 used used 675:678 arg2 we 672:673 we 672:673 we 672:673 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 13 38 used used 2129:2132 arg2 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 it 2117:2118 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 13 38 used used 2129:2132 arg2 dressing 2158:2165 a safe and effective dressing 2137:2165 a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats 2137:2207 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 9 39 with dressing 1621:1628 arg1 properties 1677:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 8 40 theme healing 1282:1288 arg1 enhancement 1261:1271 a significant enhancement 1247:1271 a significant enhancement of wound healing 1247:1288 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 14 41 theme dressing 2267:2274 arg1 composite 2276:2284 a dressing composite 2265:2284 a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats 2265:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 14 41 theme dressing 2267:2274 arg1 BC 2259:2260 BC 2259:2260 BC 2259:2260 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 0 42 theme wound 124:128 arg1 healing 130:136 wound healing 124:136 wound healing enhancement 124:148 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 1 43 theme metalloproteinase 208:224 arg1 expression 187:196 The anomalous high expression 168:196 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) 168:234 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 1 43 theme metalloproteinase 208:224 arg1 factor 253:258 one important factor 239:258 one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing 239:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 2 44 from wound 353:357 arg1 inhibition 308:317 inhibition 308:317 inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound 308:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 2 44 from wound 353:357 arg1 method 379:384 a feasible method 368:384 a feasible method to promote wound healing 368:409 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 7 45 theme diabetic 1163:1170 arg1 wounds 1176:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 3 46 contain contain 497:503 arg2 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 3 46 contain contain 497:503 arg1 dressings 482:490 wound dressings 476:490 wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 476:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 11 47 theme diabetic 1931:1938 arg1 rats 1940:1943 diabetic rats 1931:1943 diabetic rats 1931:1943 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 9 48 dep STATEMENT 1435:1443 arg1 evaluated 1479:1487 evaluated 1479:1487 evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1479:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 0 49 theme diabetic 153:160 arg1 rats 162:165 diabetic rats 153:165 diabetic rats 153:165 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 50 dep expression 1830:1839 arg1 the 1821:1823 the 1821:1823 the 1821:1823 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 0 51 theme derivative/MMP-9 78:93 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 52 from level 1853:1857 arg1 wound 1922:1926 the wound 1918:1926 the wound of diabetic rats 1918:1943 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 11 52 from level 1853:1857 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 8 53 theme composite 1326:1334 arg1 dressing 1336:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 53 theme composite 1326:1334 arg1 dressing 1383:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 54 theme cell 1901:1904 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 0 55 theme Naturally-occurring 0:18 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 7 56 from expression 1064:1073 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 56 from expression 1064:1073 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 56 from expression 1064:1073 arg1 wounds 1176:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 0 57 theme cellulose-hyperbranched 30:52 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 9 58 theme cellulose-hyperbranched 1524:1546 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 58 theme cellulose-hyperbranched 1524:1546 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 58 theme cellulose-hyperbranched 1524:1546 arg1 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 13 59 theme wound 2178:2182 arg1 healing 2184:2190 wound healing 2178:2190 wound healing 2178:2190 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 14 60 theme first 2222:2226 arg1 This 2210:2213 This 2210:2213 This 2210:2213 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 14 60 theme first 2222:2226 arg1 evidence 2228:2235 the first evidence 2218:2235 the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats 2218:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 0 61 theme polysaccharide 63:76 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 7 62 theme epithelial 1127:1136 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 62 theme epithelial 1127:1136 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 4 63 dep HCPs 685:688 arg1 Amyp-D4 722:728 Amyp-D4 722:728 Amyp-D4 722:728 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 4 63 dep HCPs 685:688 arg1 Amyp-DMAPA 710:719 Amyp-DMAPA 710:719 Amyp-DMAPA 710:719 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 4 63 dep HCPs 685:688 arg1 Gly-D4 702:707 Gly-D4 702:707 Gly-D4 702:707 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 4 63 dep HCPs 685:688 arg1 Gly-DMAPA 691:699 Gly-DMAPA 691:699 Gly-DMAPA 691:699 Herein, we used four HCPs (Gly-DMAPA, Gly-D4, Amyp-DMAPA, Amyp-D4) as gene carriers. 31751808 3 64 theme cellulose-hyperbranched 515:537 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 0 65 theme siRNA 95:99 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 13 66 theme diabetic 2195:2202 arg1 rats 2204:2207 diabetic rats 2195:2207 diabetic rats 2195:2207 Therefore, it could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 9 67 theme polysaccharide 1557:1570 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 67 theme polysaccharide 1557:1570 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 67 theme polysaccharide 1557:1570 arg1 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 11 68 theme protein 1845:1851 arg1 level 1853:1857 protein level 1845:1857 protein level 1845:1857 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 14 69 theme diabetic 2385:2392 arg1 rats 2394:2397 diabetic rats 2385:2397 diabetic rats 2385:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 3 70 theme BC-HCP 564:569 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 1 71 theme diabetic 273:280 arg1 healing 288:294 diabetic wound healing 273:294 diabetic wound healing 273:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 12 72 theme unique 2023:2028 arg1 nanostructure 2030:2042 the unique nanostructure 2019:2042 the unique nanostructure of BC 2019:2048 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 7 73 theme rat 1172:1174 arg1 wounds 1176:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 74 theme MMP-9 1097:1101 arg1 expression 1064:1073 gene expression 1059:1073 gene expression 1059:1073 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 74 theme MMP-9 1097:1101 arg1 levels 1087:1092 protein levels 1079:1092 protein levels 1079:1092 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 3 75 theme polysaccharide 548:561 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 9 76 theme wound 1615:1619 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 76 theme wound 1615:1619 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 3 77 contain have 628:631 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 3 77 contain have 628:631 arg2 properties 652:661 controlled release properties 633:661 controlled release properties 633:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 14 78 theme better 2361:2366 arg1 healing 2374:2380 better wound healing 2361:2380 better wound healing in diabetic rats 2361:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 2 79 theme expression 328:337 arg1 inhibition 308:317 inhibition 308:317 inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound 308:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 2 79 theme expression 328:337 arg1 method 379:384 a feasible method 368:384 a feasible method to promote wound healing 368:409 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 12 80 theme wound 2002:2006 arg1 healing 2008:2014 diabetic wound healing 1993:2014 diabetic wound healing 1993:2014 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 8 81 from Inhibition 1184:1193 arg1 wounds 1211:1216 the wounds 1207:1216 the wounds of diabetic rats 1207:1233 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 5 82 theme complexation 889:900 arg1 properties 852:861 the cationic properties 839:861 the cationic properties of HCP 839:868 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 5 82 theme complexation 889:900 arg1 agent 902:906 a complexation agent 887:906 a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9) 887:932 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 2 83 theme feasible 370:377 arg1 inhibition 308:317 inhibition 308:317 inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound 308:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 2 83 theme feasible 370:377 arg1 method 379:384 a feasible method 368:384 a feasible method to promote wound healing 368:409 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 10 84 theme composite 1732:1740 arg1 dressing 1742:1749 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1713:1749 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1713:1749 Our results showed that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing slowly released HCP/siMMP-9. 31751808 5 85 theme HCP 866:868 arg1 properties 852:861 the cationic properties 839:861 the cationic properties of HCP 839:868 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 5 85 theme HCP 866:868 arg1 agent 902:906 a complexation agent 887:906 a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9) 887:932 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 7 86 theme human 1108:1112 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 86 theme human 1108:1112 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 9 87 theme encapsulated 1641:1652 arg1 properties 1677:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 7 88 theme gene 1059:1062 arg1 expression 1064:1073 gene expression 1059:1073 gene expression 1059:1073 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 14 89 theme RNAi 2337:2340 arg1 silencing 2347:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 efficient RNAi gene silencing 2327:2355 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 5 90 used used 879:882 arg2 agent 902:906 a complexation agent 887:906 a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9) 887:932 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 5 90 used used 879:882 arg2 properties 852:861 the cationic properties 839:861 the cationic properties of HCP 839:868 Our results showed that all HCP derivatives were minimally toxic to cells in vitro, while the cationic properties of HCP could be used as a complexation agent for MMP-9 siRNA (siMMP-9). 31751808 12 91 theme composite 1965:1973 arg1 dressing 1975:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1946:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1946:1982 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 9 92 theme controlled 1658:1667 arg1 properties 1677:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1635:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 11 93 theme MMP-9 1862:1866 arg1 expression 1830:1839 gene expression 1825:1839 gene expression 1825:1839 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 11 93 theme MMP-9 1862:1866 arg1 level 1853:1857 protein level 1845:1857 protein level 1845:1857 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 3 94 theme release 644:650 arg1 properties 652:661 controlled release properties 633:661 controlled release properties 633:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 1 95 theme important 243:251 arg1 expression 187:196 The anomalous high expression 168:196 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) 168:234 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 1 95 theme important 243:251 arg1 factor 253:258 one important factor 239:258 one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing 239:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 8 96 theme diabetic 1221:1228 arg1 rats 1230:1233 diabetic rats 1221:1233 diabetic rats 1221:1233 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 97 theme rats 1940:1943 arg1 wound 1922:1926 the wound 1918:1926 the wound of diabetic rats 1918:1943 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 8 98 theme diabetic 1420:1427 arg1 rats 1429:1432 diabetic rats 1420:1432 diabetic rats 1420:1432 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 99 theme gene 1825:1828 arg1 expression 1830:1839 gene expression 1825:1839 gene expression 1825:1839 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 9 100 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1448:1459 arg1 STATEMENT 1435:1443 STATEMENT 1435:1443 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 1435:1687 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 2 101 from inhibition 308:317 arg1 wound 353:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 a diabetic wound 342:357 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 14 102 from healing 2374:2380 arg1 rats 2394:2397 diabetic rats 2385:2397 diabetic rats 2385:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 12 103 theme MMP-9 2088:2092 arg1 inhibition 2094:2103 specific MMP-9 inhibition 2079:2103 specific MMP-9 inhibition 2079:2103 The BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing promoted diabetic wound healing by the unique nanostructure of BC and by releasing siMMP-9 for specific MMP-9 inhibition. 31751808 0 104 theme healing 130:136 arg1 enhancement 138:148 wound healing enhancement 124:148 wound healing enhancement 124:148 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 1 105 theme matrix 201:206 arg1 MMP-9 229:233 MMP-9 229:233 MMP-9 229:233 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 1 105 theme matrix 201:206 arg1 metalloproteinase 208:224 matrix metalloproteinase 9 201:226 matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) 201:234 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 31751808 8 106 theme wound 1276:1280 arg1 healing 1282:1288 wound healing 1276:1288 wound healing 1276:1288 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 107 used used 1354:1357 arg2 dressing 1383:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 107 used used 1354:1357 arg2 dressing 1336:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 3 108 theme self-therapy 457:468 arg1 possibility 442:452 the possibility 438:452 the possibility of self-therapy 438:468 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 0 109 theme bacterial 20:28 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 110 theme immortalized 1877:1888 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 8 111 theme BC-HCP/siMMP-9 1311:1324 arg1 dressing 1336:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 111 theme BC-HCP/siMMP-9 1311:1324 arg1 dressing 1383:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 0 112 theme cationic 54:61 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 9 113 theme bacterial 1514:1522 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 113 theme bacterial 1514:1522 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 113 theme bacterial 1514:1522 arg1 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 14 114 from evidence 2228:2235 arg1 study 2244:2248 the study 2240:2248 the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats 2240:2397 This is the first evidence on the study of using BC as a dressing composite by encapsulating HCP/siRNA complexes for efficient RNAi gene silencing for better wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 2 115 theme wound 397:401 arg1 healing 403:409 wound healing 397:409 wound healing 397:409 Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 expression in a diabetic wound could be a feasible method to promote wound healing. 31751808 7 116 theme immortalized 1114:1125 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 116 theme immortalized 1114:1125 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 9 117 theme cationic 1548:1555 arg1 derivatives 1572:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives 1514:1582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) 1514:1591 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 117 theme cationic 1548:1555 arg1 dressing 1621:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing 1596:1628 a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties 1596:1686 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 9 117 theme cationic 1548:1555 arg1 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 BC-HCP 1585:1590 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we evaluated the possibility of using bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivatives (BC-HCP) as a self-therapeutic wound dressing with siRNA encapsulated and controlled release properties. 31751808 7 118 from levels 1087:1092 arg1 line 1143:1146 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1108:1146 a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) 1106:1154 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 118 from levels 1087:1092 arg1 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 HaCAT 1149:1153 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 7 118 from levels 1087:1092 arg1 wounds 1176:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 diabetic rat wounds 1163:1181 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein levels of MMP-9 in a human immortalized epithelial cell line (HaCAT) and in diabetic rat wounds. 31751808 3 119 theme wound 476:480 arg1 dressings 482:490 wound dressings 476:490 wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 476:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 0 120 theme composite 101:109 arg1 dressing 111:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing 0:118 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 0:166 Naturally-occurring bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide derivative/MMP-9 siRNA composite dressing for wound healing enhancement in diabetic rats. 31751808 3 121 theme cationic 539:546 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 8 122 theme safe 1364:1367 arg1 dressing 1336:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 122 theme safe 1364:1367 arg1 dressing 1383:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 3 123 theme bacterial 505:513 arg1 derivatives 572:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives 505:582 bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties 505:661 In this study, we studied the possibility of self-therapy using wound dressings that contain bacterial cellulose-hyperbranched cationic polysaccharide (BC-HCP) derivatives that encapsulate siRNA (BC-HCP/siMMP-9) and have controlled release properties. 31751808 8 124 theme effective 1373:1381 arg1 dressing 1336:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing 1307:1343 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 8 124 theme effective 1373:1381 arg1 dressing 1383:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 a safe and effective dressing 1362:1390 Inhibition of MMP-9 in the wounds of diabetic rats resulted in a significant enhancement of wound healing, suggesting that the BC-HCP/siMMP-9 composite dressing could be used as a safe and effective dressing to promote wound healing in diabetic rats. 31751808 11 125 theme epithelial 1890:1899 arg1 line 1906:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 human immortalized epithelial cell line 1871:1909 The released siMMP-9 effectively reduced the gene expression and protein level of MMP-9 in human immortalized epithelial cell line and in the wound of diabetic rats. 31751808 1 126 theme wound 282:286 arg1 healing 288:294 diabetic wound healing 273:294 diabetic wound healing 273:294 The anomalous high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is one important factor that impedes diabetic wound healing. 30600055 0 0 theme biomedical 102:111 arg1 hydrogels 113:121 biomedical hydrogels 102:121 biomedical hydrogels 102:121 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 5 1 theme oil/water 719:727 arg1 ratio 729:733 oil/water ratio 719:733 oil/water ratio 719:733 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 1 2 theme amphiphilic 150:160 arg1 material 180:187 an amphiphilic and biocompatible material 147:187 an amphiphilic and biocompatible material 147:187 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 4 3 theme biocompatible 540:552 arg1 emulsion 564:571 biocompatible Pickering emulsion 540:571 biocompatible Pickering emulsion 540:571 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 5 4 theme ratio 729:733 arg1 effects 653:659 The effects 649:659 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion 649:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 3 5 theme contact 489:495 arg1 84°-86° 507:513 84°-86° 507:513 84°-86° 507:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 3 5 theme contact 489:495 arg1 angle 497:501 the water contact angle 479:501 the water contact angle 479:501 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 5 6 theme electrolyte 684:694 arg1 concentration 696:708 electrolyte concentration 684:708 electrolyte concentration 684:708 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 4 7 theme different 621:629 arg1 contents 631:638 different contents 621:638 different contents 621:638 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 5 8 theme concentration 696:708 arg1 effects 653:659 The effects 649:659 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion 649:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 2 9 theme emulsion 280:287 arg1 preparation 248:258 the preparation 244:258 the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO 244:316 However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. 30600055 3 10 theme water 483:487 arg1 84°-86° 507:513 84°-86° 507:513 84°-86° 507:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 3 10 theme water 483:487 arg1 angle 497:501 the water contact angle 479:501 the water contact angle 479:501 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 4 11 theme Pickering 554:562 arg1 emulsion 564:571 biocompatible Pickering emulsion 540:571 biocompatible Pickering emulsion 540:571 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 8 12 theme hydrogel 1166:1173 arg1 polymer 1139:1145 polymer 1139:1145 polymer 1139:1145 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 8 12 theme hydrogel 1166:1173 arg1 monomer 1155:1161 the monomer 1151:1161 the monomer of hydrogel 1151:1173 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 8 12 theme hydrogel 1166:1173 arg1 particles 1128:1136 Pickering particles 1118:1136 Pickering particles 1118:1136 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 8 12 theme hydrogel 1166:1173 arg1 varied 1186:1191 varied 1186:1191 varied 1186:1191 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 8 12 theme hydrogel 1166:1173 arg1 hydrogel 1166:1173 hydrogel 1166:1173 hydrogel 1166:1173 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 6 13 theme polyacrylamide 845:858 arg1 hydrogel 860:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 5 14 theme Pickering 755:763 arg1 emulsion 765:772 Pickering emulsion 755:772 Pickering emulsion 755:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 2 15 theme Pickering 270:278 arg1 emulsion 280:287 stable Pickering emulsion 263:287 stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO 263:316 However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. 30600055 1 16 theme biocompatible 166:178 arg1 material 180:187 an amphiphilic and biocompatible material 147:187 an amphiphilic and biocompatible material 147:187 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 5 17 theme pH 711:712 arg1 effects 653:659 The effects 649:659 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion 649:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 6 18 theme macroporous 833:843 arg1 hydrogel 860:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 0 19 theme pickering 50:58 arg1 emulsions 60:68 pickering emulsions 50:68 pickering emulsions 50:68 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 2 20 theme stable 263:268 arg1 emulsion 280:287 stable Pickering emulsion 263:287 stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO 263:316 However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. 30600055 6 21 theme emulsion 905:912 arg1 template 914:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template 872:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release 872:949 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 0 22 theme GO/modified 16:26 arg1 hybrid 32:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 6 23 theme biomedical 822:831 arg1 hydrogel 860:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel 818:867 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 0 24 theme Self-assembling 0:14 arg1 hybrid 32:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 4 25 theme contents 631:638 arg1 concentration 597:609 a low concentration 591:609 a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC 591:646 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 5 26 theme emulsion 765:772 arg1 stability 742:750 the stability 738:750 the stability of Pickering emulsion 738:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 2 27 theme low 294:296 arg1 concentration 298:310 a low concentration 292:310 a low concentration of GO 292:316 However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. 30600055 3 28 theme ammonium 451:458 arg1 group 460:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 0 29 theme HEC 28:30 arg1 hybrid 32:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid 0:37 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 6 30 theme controlled-release 932:949 arg1 drug 927:930 drug controlled-release 927:949 drug controlled-release 927:949 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 5 31 theme mHEC 664:667 arg1 concentration 669:681 mHEC concentration 664:681 mHEC concentration 664:681 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 6 32 theme GO/mHEC 876:882 arg1 template 914:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template 872:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release 872:949 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 4 33 theme low 593:595 arg1 concentration 597:609 a low concentration 591:609 a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC 591:646 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 3 34 theme hydroxyethyl 394:405 arg1 mHEC 418:421 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) 369:422 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86° 369:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 5 35 theme concentration 669:681 arg1 effects 653:659 The effects 649:659 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion 649:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 3 36 contain contained 430:438 arg2 group 460:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 3 36 contain contained 430:438 arg1 mHEC 418:421 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) 369:422 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86° 369:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 4 37 theme GO 614:615 arg1 concentration 597:609 a low concentration 591:609 a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC 591:646 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 3 38 theme cellulose 407:415 arg1 mHEC 418:421 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) 369:422 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86° 369:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 3 39 theme quaternary 440:449 arg1 group 460:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 quaternary ammonium group 440:464 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 3 40 theme hydrophobic 373:383 arg1 mHEC 418:421 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) 369:422 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86° 369:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 1 41 used used 199:202 arg2 oxide 133:137 Graphene oxide 124:137 Graphene oxide(GO) 124:141 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 8 42 theme Pickering 1118:1126 arg1 particles 1128:1136 Pickering particles 1118:1136 Pickering particles 1118:1136 Furthermore, our strategy is extremely versatile, as Pickering particles, polymer and the monomer of hydrogel can all be varied. 30600055 3 43 theme modified 385:392 arg1 mHEC 418:421 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) 369:422 the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86° 369:513 In this research, we prepared the hydrophobic modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (mHEC) which contained quaternary ammonium group and GO which the water contact angle was 84°-86°. 30600055 4 44 theme stable 518:523 arg1 cost 530:533 A stable, low cost 516:533 A stable, low cost 516:533 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 6 45 theme composite 884:892 arg1 template 914:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template 872:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release 872:949 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 7 46 theme emulsion 988:995 arg1 template 997:1004 Pickering emulsion template 978:1004 Pickering emulsion template 978:1004 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 6 47 theme stabilized 894:903 arg1 template 914:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template 872:921 the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release 872:949 What's more, we prepared the biomedical macroporous polyacrylamide hydrogel by the GO/mHEC composite stabilized emulsion template for drug controlled-release. 30600055 7 48 theme potential 1011:1019 arg1 drug 1021:1024 a potential drug 1009:1024 a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms 1009:1062 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 7 48 theme potential 1011:1019 arg1 hydrogel 966:973 The composite hydrogel 952:973 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template 952:1004 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 1 49 theme Graphene 124:131 arg1 oxide 133:137 Graphene oxide 124:137 Graphene oxide(GO) 124:141 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 1 50 theme Pickering 215:223 arg1 emulsion 225:232 Pickering emulsion 215:232 Pickering emulsion 215:232 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 2 51 theme GO 315:316 arg1 concentration 298:310 a low concentration 292:310 a low concentration of GO 292:316 However, the preparation of stable Pickering emulsion by a low concentration of GO is very challenging. 30600055 7 52 dep delivery 1045:1052 arg1 controlled-release 1026:1043 controlled-release 1026:1043 controlled-release 1026:1043 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 7 52 dep delivery 1045:1052 arg1 platforms 1054:1062 platforms 1054:1062 platforms 1054:1062 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 5 53 from effects 653:659 arg1 stability 742:750 the stability 738:750 the stability of Pickering emulsion 738:772 The effects of mHEC concentration, electrolyte concentration, pH, and oil/water ratio on the stability of Pickering emulsion were investigated. 30600055 7 54 theme Pickering 978:986 arg1 template 997:1004 Pickering emulsion template 978:1004 Pickering emulsion template 978:1004 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 0 55 theme template 74:81 arg1 polymerization 83:96 template polymerization 74:96 template polymerization 74:96 Self-assembling GO/modified HEC hybrid stabilized pickering emulsions and template polymerization for biomedical hydrogels. 30600055 4 56 dep stable 518:523 arg1 low 526:528 low 526:528 low 526:528 A stable, low cost, and biocompatible Pickering emulsion was fabricated by a low concentration of GO and different contents of mHEC. 30600055 7 57 theme composite 956:964 arg1 hydrogel 966:973 The composite hydrogel 952:973 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template 952:1004 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 7 57 theme composite 956:964 arg1 drug 1021:1024 a potential drug 1009:1024 a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms 1009:1062 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 30600055 1 58 dep oxide 133:137 arg1 GO 139:140 GO 139:140 GO 139:140 Graphene oxide(GO), as an amphiphilic and biocompatible material, is often used to prepare Pickering emulsion. 30600055 7 59 dep drug 1021:1024 arg1 delivery 1045:1052 delivery 1045:1052 delivery 1045:1052 The composite hydrogel by Pickering emulsion template is a potential drug controlled-release delivery platforms. 29804972 12 0 theme whole 1758:1762 arg1 defect 1764:1769 the whole defect 1754:1769 the whole defect 1754:1769 Micro-CT results showed that the whole defect was covered by new bone after CMCS-HA filling the defect for 12 weeks. 29804972 9 1 dep 5.1 1393:1395 arg1 folds 1404:1408 folds 1404:1408 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples 1404:1488 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 4 2 theme water 630:634 arg1 solvent 639:645 water as solvent 630:645 water as solvent 630:645 Moreover, with water as solvent, CMCS nanofibers avoid the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan. 29804972 7 3 theme cells 1147:1151 arg1 differentiation 1102:1116 osteogenic differentiation 1091:1116 osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1091:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 2 4 theme tissue 311:316 arg1 nanofibers 276:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 4 theme tissue 311:316 arg1 scaffolds 330:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds 306:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility 306:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 11 5 theme new 1614:1616 arg1 formation 1623:1631 In vivo new bone formation 1606:1631 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds 1606:1654 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 7 6 theme marrow 1132:1137 arg1 cells 1147:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells 1121:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1121:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 7 6 theme marrow 1132:1137 arg1 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 0 7 theme Biomimetic 0:9 arg1 mineralization 11:24 Biomimetic mineralization 0:24 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan 0:50 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibers with improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. 29804972 1 8 theme composite 187:195 arg1 nanofibers 197:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 1 8 theme composite 187:195 arg1 scaffolds 222:230 promising scaffolds 212:230 promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering 212:258 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 10 9 from 14 1590:1591 arg1 scaffolds 1573:1581 CMCS scaffolds 1568:1581 CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days 1568:1603 The level of OCN increased by 24 and 1.5 times on the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days. 29804972 2 10 used used 298:301 arg2 nanofibers 276:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 10 used used 298:301 arg2 scaffolds 330:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds 306:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility 306:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 8 11 theme ALP 1288:1290 arg1 activity 1292:1299 the ALP activity 1284:1299 the ALP activity 1284:1299 Cell experiments revealed that CMCS-HA composite nanofibers increased the ALP activity. 29804972 10 12 theme CMCS 1568:1571 arg1 scaffolds 1573:1581 CMCS scaffolds 1568:1581 CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days 1568:1603 The level of OCN increased by 24 and 1.5 times on the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days. 29804972 7 13 theme mouse 1121:1125 arg1 cells 1147:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells 1121:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1121:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 7 13 theme mouse 1121:1125 arg1 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 13 14 theme trichrome 1883:1891 arg1 staining 1893:1900 Masson's trichrome staining 1874:1900 Masson's trichrome staining 1874:1900 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 2 15 theme good 345:348 arg1 biocompatibility 350:365 good biocompatibility 345:365 good biocompatibility 345:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 6 16 theme electrospun 981:991 arg1 nanofibers 998:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 7 17 theme differentiation 1102:1116 arg1 promotion 1078:1086 The promotion 1074:1086 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro 1074:1169 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 4 18 theme acidic 674:679 arg1 removal 686:692 the acidic salt removal 670:692 the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan 670:726 Moreover, with water as solvent, CMCS nanofibers avoid the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan. 29804972 1 19 theme bone 236:239 arg1 engineering 248:258 bone tissue engineering 236:258 bone tissue engineering 236:258 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 8 20 theme composite 1253:1261 arg1 nanofibers 1263:1272 CMCS-HA composite nanofibers 1245:1272 CMCS-HA composite nanofibers 1245:1272 Cell experiments revealed that CMCS-HA composite nanofibers increased the ALP activity. 29804972 3 21 contain has 499:501 arg1 derivative 475:484 a water-soluble derivative 459:484 a water-soluble derivative of chitosan 459:496 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 21 contain has 499:501 arg2 biodegradability 510:525 biodegradability 510:525 biodegradability 510:525 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 21 contain has 499:501 arg1 chitosan 442:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan 428:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 428:456 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 21 contain has 499:501 arg1 CMCS 452:455 CMCS 452:455 CMCS 452:455 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 21 contain has 499:501 arg2 bioactivity 531:541 bioactivity 531:541 bioactivity 531:541 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 13 22 theme H&E 1857:1859 arg1 staining 1861:1868 H&E staining 1857:1868 H&E staining 1857:1868 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 11 23 theme defect 1711:1716 arg1 model 1718:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 1 24 theme natural 135:141 arg1 matrix 157:162 the natural extracellular matrix 131:162 the natural extracellular matrix 131:162 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 11 25 theme calvarial 1696:1704 arg1 model 1718:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 0 26 theme osteogenic 77:86 arg1 activity 88:95 improved osteogenic activity 68:95 improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo 68:116 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibers with improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. 29804972 9 27 theme expression 1311:1320 arg1 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 27 theme expression 1311:1320 arg1 level 1322:1326 The gene expression level 1302:1326 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP 1302:1343 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 5 28 theme weight 917:922 arg1 PEO 900:902 PEO 900:902 PEO 900:902 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 5 28 theme weight 917:922 arg1 25 kV 890:894 25 kV 890:894 25 kV 890:894 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 2 29 with scaffolds 330:338 arg1 biocompatibility 350:365 good biocompatibility 345:365 good biocompatibility 345:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 30 used used 403:406 arg2 solvents 379:386 pungent solvents 371:386 pungent solvents 371:386 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 5 31 theme uniform 769:775 arg1 nanofibers 782:791 uniform CMCS nanofibers 769:791 uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) 769:832 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 13 32 from results 1846:1852 arg1 sections 1918:1925 histological sections 1905:1925 histological sections 1905:1925 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 3 33 theme Carboxymethyl 428:440 arg1 derivative 475:484 a water-soluble derivative 459:484 a water-soluble derivative of chitosan 459:496 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 33 theme Carboxymethyl 428:440 arg1 CMCS 452:455 CMCS 452:455 CMCS 452:455 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 33 theme Carboxymethyl 428:440 arg1 chitosan 442:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan 428:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 428:456 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 6 34 dep times 1046:1050 arg1 fluid 1067:1071 body fluid 1062:1071 5 times simulated body fluid 1044:1071 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 7 35 theme nanofibers 1192:1201 arg1 scaffolds 1203:1211 the nanofibers scaffolds 1188:1211 the nanofibers scaffolds 1188:1211 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 11 36 dep In 1606:1607 arg1 vivo 1609:1612 vivo 1609:1612 vivo 1609:1612 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 9 37 from 14 days 1417:1423 arg1 membranes 1448:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes 1428:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples 1428:1488 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 1 38 theme extracellular 143:155 arg1 matrix 157:162 the natural extracellular matrix 131:162 the natural extracellular matrix 131:162 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 3 39 theme chitosan 489:496 arg1 derivative 475:484 a water-soluble derivative 459:484 a water-soluble derivative of chitosan 459:496 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 39 theme chitosan 489:496 arg1 chitosan 442:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan 428:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 428:456 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 0 40 theme chitosan 43:50 arg1 mineralization 11:24 Biomimetic mineralization 0:24 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan 0:50 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibers with improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. 29804972 6 41 theme body 1062:1065 arg1 fluid 1067:1071 body fluid 1062:1071 5 times simulated body fluid 1044:1071 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 13 42 theme new 1980:1982 arg1 formation 1989:1997 new bone formation 1980:1997 new bone formation 1980:1997 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 12 43 theme new 1786:1788 arg1 bone 1790:1793 new bone 1786:1793 new bone 1786:1793 Micro-CT results showed that the whole defect was covered by new bone after CMCS-HA filling the defect for 12 weeks. 29804972 11 44 theme rat 1692:1694 arg1 model 1718:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 2 45 theme pungent 371:377 arg1 solvents 379:386 pungent solvents 371:386 pungent solvents 371:386 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 1 46 theme tissue 241:246 arg1 engineering 248:258 bone tissue engineering 236:258 bone tissue engineering 236:258 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 4 47 theme as 636:637 arg1 solvent 639:645 water as solvent 630:645 water as solvent 630:645 Moreover, with water as solvent, CMCS nanofibers avoid the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan. 29804972 9 48 theme CMCS-HA 1428:1434 arg1 membranes 1448:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes 1428:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples 1428:1488 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 12 49 theme Micro-CT 1725:1732 arg1 results 1734:1740 Micro-CT results 1725:1740 Micro-CT results 1725:1740 Micro-CT results showed that the whole defect was covered by new bone after CMCS-HA filling the defect for 12 weeks. 29804972 10 50 theme CMCS-HA 1545:1551 arg1 scaffolds 1553:1561 the CMCS-HA scaffolds 1541:1561 the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days 1541:1603 The level of OCN increased by 24 and 1.5 times on the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days. 29804972 7 51 theme stromal 1139:1145 arg1 cells 1147:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells 1121:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1121:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 7 51 theme stromal 1139:1145 arg1 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 13 52 theme histological 1905:1916 arg1 sections 1918:1925 histological sections 1905:1925 histological sections 1905:1925 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 2 53 theme engineering 318:328 arg1 nanofibers 276:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 53 theme engineering 318:328 arg1 scaffolds 330:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds 306:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility 306:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 7 54 theme bone 1127:1130 arg1 cells 1147:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells 1121:1151 mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1121:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 7 54 theme bone 1127:1130 arg1 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 mBMSCs 1154:1159 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 2 55 theme bone 306:309 arg1 nanofibers 276:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 55 theme bone 306:309 arg1 scaffolds 330:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds 306:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility 306:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 9 56 theme nanofibrous 1436:1446 arg1 membranes 1448:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes 1428:1456 CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples 1428:1488 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 1 57 theme organic-inorganic 169:185 arg1 nanofibers 197:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 1 57 theme organic-inorganic 169:185 arg1 scaffolds 222:230 promising scaffolds 212:230 promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering 212:258 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 4 58 theme salt 681:684 arg1 removal 686:692 the acidic salt removal 670:692 the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan 670:726 Moreover, with water as solvent, CMCS nanofibers avoid the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan. 29804972 11 59 theme bone 1618:1621 arg1 formation 1623:1631 In vivo new bone formation 1606:1631 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds 1606:1654 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 3 60 theme apatite 606:612 arg1 deposition 592:601 the deposition 588:601 the deposition of apatite 588:612 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 5 61 theme 25 kV 890:894 arg1 voltage 879:885 a voltage 877:885 a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa 877:931 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 6 62 theme CMCS 993:996 arg1 nanofibers 998:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 7 63 theme osteogenic 1091:1100 arg1 differentiation 1102:1116 osteogenic differentiation 1091:1116 osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) 1091:1160 The promotion of osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) in vitro was evaluated on the nanofibers scaffolds. 29804972 1 64 theme promising 212:220 arg1 nanofibers 197:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers 165:206 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 1 64 theme promising 212:220 arg1 scaffolds 222:230 promising scaffolds 212:230 promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering 212:258 Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix, the organic-inorganic composite nanofibers are promising scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 29804972 8 65 theme Cell 1214:1217 arg1 experiments 1219:1229 Cell experiments 1214:1229 Cell experiments 1214:1229 Cell experiments revealed that CMCS-HA composite nanofibers increased the ALP activity. 29804972 6 66 theme coated 974:979 arg1 nanofibers 998:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 2 67 theme Chitosan-based 261:274 arg1 scaffolds 330:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds 306:338 bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility 306:365 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 2 67 theme Chitosan-based 261:274 arg1 nanofibers 276:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers 261:285 Chitosan-based nanofibers are widely used as bone tissue engineering scaffolds with good biocompatibility but pungent solvents are frequently used for its processing. 29804972 5 68 dep the 798:800 arg1 aid 802:804 aid 802:804 aid 802:804 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 6 69 theme biomimetic 1012:1021 arg1 mineralization 1023:1036 biomimetic mineralization 1012:1036 biomimetic mineralization 1012:1036 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 5 70 with nanofibers 782:791 arg1 the 798:800 the 798:800 the 798:800 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 8 71 theme CMCS-HA 1245:1251 arg1 nanofibers 1263:1272 CMCS-HA composite nanofibers 1245:1272 CMCS-HA composite nanofibers 1245:1272 Cell experiments revealed that CMCS-HA composite nanofibers increased the ALP activity. 29804972 6 72 theme hydroxyapatite 954:967 arg1 nanofibers 998:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers 954:1007 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 6 73 theme simulated 1052:1060 arg1 times 1046:1050 5 times simulated body fluid 1044:1071 5 times simulated body fluid 1044:1071 We further prepared hydroxyapatite (HA) coated electrospun CMCS nanofibers by biomimetic mineralization using 5 times simulated body fluid. 29804972 13 74 theme staining 1861:1868 arg1 results 1846:1852 The results 1842:1852 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections 1842:1925 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 9 75 theme gene 1306:1309 arg1 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 75 theme gene 1306:1309 arg1 level 1322:1326 The gene expression level 1302:1326 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP 1302:1343 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 5 76 theme optimized 851:859 arg1 conditions 861:870 the optimized conditions 847:870 the optimized conditions 847:870 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 5 77 theme PEO 900:902 arg1 voltage 879:885 a voltage 877:885 a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa 877:931 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 11 78 theme bone 1706:1709 arg1 model 1718:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 9 79 from 7 days 1381:1386 arg1 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 79 from 7 days 1381:1386 arg1 level 1322:1326 The gene expression level 1302:1326 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP 1302:1343 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 5 80 theme molecular 907:915 arg1 weight 917:922 molecular weight 1000 kDa 907:931 molecular weight 1000 kDa 907:931 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 9 81 dep 1.6 1356:1358 arg1 folds 1368:1372 folds 1368:1372 folds 1368:1372 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 82 theme Runx2 1331:1335 arg1 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 82 theme Runx2 1331:1335 arg1 level 1322:1326 The gene expression level 1302:1326 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP 1302:1343 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 5 83 theme CMCS 777:780 arg1 nanofibers 782:791 uniform CMCS nanofibers 769:791 uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) 769:832 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 9 84 theme ALP 1341:1343 arg1 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 1.6 1356:1358 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 9 84 theme ALP 1341:1343 arg1 level 1322:1326 The gene expression level 1302:1326 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP 1302:1343 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 3 85 theme water-soluble 461:473 arg1 derivative 475:484 a water-soluble derivative 459:484 a water-soluble derivative of chitosan 459:496 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 3 85 theme water-soluble 461:473 arg1 chitosan 442:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan 428:449 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) 428:456 Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has better biodegradability and bioactivity which allows CMCS to chelate Ca2+ and induce the deposition of apatite. 29804972 0 86 theme carboxymethyl 29:41 arg1 chitosan 43:50 carboxymethyl chitosan 29:50 carboxymethyl chitosan 29:50 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibers with improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. 29804972 5 87 theme polyethylene 809:820 arg1 PEO 829:831 PEO 829:831 PEO 829:831 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 5 87 theme polyethylene 809:820 arg1 oxide 822:826 polyethylene oxide 809:826 polyethylene oxide (PEO) 809:832 In this study, we successfully prepared uniform CMCS nanofibers with the aid of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and obtained the optimized conditions with a voltage of 25 kV and PEO of molecular weight 1000 kDa. 29804972 11 88 theme nanofiber 1636:1644 arg1 scaffolds 1646:1654 nanofiber scaffolds 1636:1654 nanofiber scaffolds 1636:1654 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 0 89 theme improved 68:75 arg1 activity 88:95 improved osteogenic activity 68:95 improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo 68:116 Biomimetic mineralization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanofibers with improved osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. 29804972 10 90 from 21 days 1597:1603 arg1 scaffolds 1573:1581 CMCS scaffolds 1568:1581 CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days 1568:1603 The level of OCN increased by 24 and 1.5 times on the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days. 29804972 10 91 theme OCN 1504:1506 arg1 level 1495:1499 The level 1491:1499 The level of OCN 1491:1506 The level of OCN increased by 24 and 1.5 times on the CMCS-HA scaffolds than CMCS scaffolds at the 14 and 21 days. 29804972 11 92 theme critical-size 1678:1690 arg1 model 1718:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model 1676:1722 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 13 93 theme bone 1984:1987 arg1 formation 1989:1997 new bone formation 1980:1997 new bone formation 1980:1997 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 29804972 9 94 theme CMCS 1471:1474 arg1 samples 1482:1488 CMCS alone samples 1471:1488 CMCS alone samples 1471:1488 The gene expression level of Runx2 and ALP were about 1.6 and 4.3 folds at the 7 days, and 5.1 and 10 folds at the 14 days on CMCS-HA nanofibrous membranes than that on CMCS alone samples. 29804972 4 95 theme CMCS 648:651 arg1 nanofibers 653:662 CMCS nanofibers 648:662 CMCS nanofibers 648:662 Moreover, with water as solvent, CMCS nanofibers avoid the acidic salt removal comparing to electrospun-chitosan. 29804972 11 96 theme In 1606:1607 arg1 formation 1623:1631 In vivo new bone formation 1606:1631 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds 1606:1654 In vivo new bone formation by nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in a critical-size rat calvarial bone defect model. 29804972 13 97 theme composite 1950:1958 arg1 nanofibers 1960:1969 composite nanofibers 1950:1969 composite nanofibers 1950:1969 The results of H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining on histological sections further confirmed that composite nanofibers promoted new bone formation and maturation. 30502435 0 0 theme based 43:47 arg1 foam 73:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 1 1 theme arabic 262:267 arg1 fabrication 209:219 fabrication 209:219 fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 209:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 0 2 theme crystallization 124:138 arg1 behavior 140:147 crystallization behavior 124:147 crystallization behavior 124:147 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 4 3 from effect 660:665 arg1 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 4 3 from effect 660:665 arg1 temperature 696:706 maximum degradation temperature 676:706 maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) 676:713 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 5 4 theme differential 754:765 arg1 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 5 4 theme differential 754:765 arg1 calorimetry 776:786 differential scanning calorimetry 754:786 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 754:792 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 6 5 located observed 1019:1026 arg1 comparison 1062:1071 comparison 1062:1071 comparison to neat PLA foam 1062:1088 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 6 5 located observed 1019:1026 arg2 angle 1009:1013 contact angle 1001:1013 contact angle 1001:1013 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 7 6 theme porosimetric 1225:1236 arg1 investigations 1238:1251 porosimetric investigations 1225:1251 porosimetric investigations 1225:1251 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 5 7 theme scanning 767:774 arg1 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 5 7 theme scanning 767:774 arg1 calorimetry 776:786 differential scanning calorimetry 754:786 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 754:792 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 5 8 from effect 836:841 arg1 matrix 871:876 the PLA matrix 863:876 the PLA matrix 863:876 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 3 9 theme cell 535:538 arg1 size 540:543 cell size 535:543 cell size 535:543 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 0 10 theme composite 63:71 arg1 foam 73:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 3 11 theme MG 568:569 arg1 nanofiller 571:580 MG nanofiller 568:580 MG nanofiller 568:580 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 8 12 theme non-degradable 1386:1399 arg1 foams 1413:1417 non-degradable petro-based foams 1386:1417 non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life 1386:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 8 13 contain have 1317:1320 arg1 foams 1311:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 8 13 contain have 1317:1320 arg2 potential 1326:1334 the potential 1322:1334 the potential for specialized applications 1322:1363 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 8 13 contain have 1317:1320 arg2 alternative 1371:1381 an alternative 1368:1381 an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life 1368:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 8 14 theme various 1422:1428 arg1 fields 1430:1435 various fields 1422:1435 various fields of life 1422:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 0 15 theme microcellular 49:61 arg1 foam 73:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam 28:76 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 8 16 theme fabricated 1287:1296 arg1 foams 1311:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 6 17 theme PLA 1081:1083 arg1 foam 1085:1088 neat PLA foam 1076:1088 neat PLA foam 1076:1088 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 4 18 theme foam 633:636 arg1 TGA 615:617 TGA 615:617 TGA 615:617 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 4 18 theme foam 633:636 arg1 analysis 605:612 The thermogravimetric analysis 583:612 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam 583:636 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 1 19 theme poly 224:227 arg1 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 19 theme poly 224:227 arg1 arabic 262:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic 224:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 224:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 7 20 dep % 1184:1184 arg1 ~53 1181:1183 ~53 1181:1183 ~53 1181:1183 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 6 21 theme neat 1076:1079 arg1 foam 1085:1088 neat PLA foam 1076:1088 neat PLA foam 1076:1088 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 4 22 theme significant 648:658 arg1 effect 660:665 no significant effect 645:665 no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) 645:713 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 8 23 from foams 1413:1417 arg1 fields 1430:1435 various fields 1422:1435 various fields of life 1422:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 5 24 theme mechanical 724:733 arg1 analysis 735:742 Dynamic mechanical analysis 716:742 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 716:748 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 5 24 theme mechanical 724:733 arg1 DMA 745:747 DMA 745:747 DMA 745:747 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 1 25 theme hydrophobic 279:289 arg1 foam 350:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 5 26 theme nanofiller 849:858 arg1 effect 836:841 the plasticizing effect 819:841 the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix 819:876 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 7 27 theme based 1211:1215 arg1 foam 1217:1220 PLA/MG based foam 1204:1220 PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations 1204:1251 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 5 28 theme PLA 867:869 arg1 matrix 871:876 the PLA matrix 863:876 the PLA matrix 863:876 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 6 29 theme contact 1001:1007 arg1 angle 1009:1013 contact angle 1001:1013 contact angle 1001:1013 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 2 30 theme observed 360:367 arg1 density 369:375 The observed density 356:375 The observed density of the composite foams 356:398 The observed density of the composite foams was remarkably reduced by ~86% in comparison to PLA granules. 30502435 7 31 theme surface 1119:1125 arg1 area 1127:1130 the surface area 1115:1130 the surface area up to ~60% 1115:1141 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 1 32 theme lactic 230:235 arg1 acid 237:240 lactic acid 230:240 lactic acid 230:240 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 32 theme lactic 230:235 arg1 poly 224:227 poly 224:227 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 224:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 4 33 theme developed 623:631 arg1 foam 633:636 developed foam 623:636 developed foam 623:636 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 7 34 from decrease 1149:1156 arg1 diameter 1166:1173 pore diameter 1161:1173 pore diameter up to ~53% 1161:1184 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 7 34 from decrease 1149:1156 arg1 area 1127:1130 the surface area 1115:1130 the surface area up to ~60% 1115:1141 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 0 35 theme lactic 6:11 arg1 Poly 0:3 Poly 0:3 Poly (lactic acid) 0:17 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 0 35 theme lactic 6:11 arg1 acid 13:16 lactic acid 6:16 lactic acid 6:16 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 5 36 theme MG 846:847 arg1 nanofiller 849:858 MG nanofiller 846:858 MG nanofiller 846:858 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 1 37 theme microcellular 292:304 arg1 foam 350:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 5 38 theme plasticizing 823:834 arg1 effect 836:841 the plasticizing effect 819:841 the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix 819:876 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 3 39 from increase 492:499 arg1 density 509:515 cell density 504:515 cell density 504:515 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 3 39 from increase 492:499 arg1 size 540:543 cell size 535:543 cell size 535:543 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 2 40 theme foams 394:398 arg1 density 369:375 The observed density 356:375 The observed density of the composite foams 356:398 The observed density of the composite foams was remarkably reduced by ~86% in comparison to PLA granules. 30502435 2 41 theme PLA 448:450 arg1 granules 452:459 PLA granules 448:459 PLA granules 448:459 The observed density of the composite foams was remarkably reduced by ~86% in comparison to PLA granules. 30502435 4 42 theme degradation 684:694 arg1 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 4 42 theme degradation 684:694 arg1 temperature 696:706 maximum degradation temperature 676:706 maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) 676:713 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 6 43 theme highest 1032:1038 arg1 loading 1040:1046 highest loading 1032:1046 highest loading of MG (3%) 1032:1057 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 6 44 theme foam 912:915 arg1 hydrophobicity 883:896 The hydrophobicity 879:896 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam 879:915 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 2 45 theme composite 384:392 arg1 foams 394:398 the composite foams 380:398 the composite foams 380:398 The observed density of the composite foams was remarkably reduced by ~86% in comparison to PLA granules. 30502435 8 46 theme specialized 1340:1350 arg1 applications 1352:1363 specialized applications 1340:1363 specialized applications 1340:1363 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 0 47 theme MG 89:90 arg1 Effect 79:84 Effect 79:84 Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior 79:147 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 4 48 theme maximum 676:682 arg1 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 Tmax 709:712 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 4 48 theme maximum 676:682 arg1 temperature 696:706 maximum degradation temperature 676:706 maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) 676:713 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 5 49 theme Dynamic 716:722 arg1 analysis 735:742 Dynamic mechanical analysis 716:742 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) 716:748 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 5 49 theme Dynamic 716:722 arg1 DMA 745:747 DMA 745:747 DMA 745:747 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 7 50 dep ~53 1181:1183 arg1 to 1178:1179 to 1178:1179 to 1178:1179 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 3 51 from decrease 523:530 arg1 density 509:515 cell density 504:515 cell density 504:515 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 3 51 from decrease 523:530 arg1 size 540:543 cell size 535:543 cell size 535:543 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 1 52 theme porous 314:319 arg1 foam 350:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 7 53 from increase 1103:1110 arg1 diameter 1166:1173 pore diameter 1161:1173 pore diameter up to ~53% 1161:1184 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 7 53 from increase 1103:1110 arg1 area 1127:1130 the surface area 1115:1130 the surface area up to ~60% 1115:1141 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 7 54 theme PLA/MG 1204:1209 arg1 foam 1217:1220 PLA/MG based foam 1204:1220 PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations 1204:1251 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 4 55 theme thermogravimetric 587:603 arg1 TGA 615:617 TGA 615:617 TGA 615:617 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 4 55 theme thermogravimetric 587:603 arg1 analysis 605:612 The thermogravimetric analysis 583:612 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam 583:636 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 8 56 theme based 1305:1309 arg1 foams 1311:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 0 57 theme foam 95:98 arg1 properties 100:109 foam properties 95:109 foam properties 95:109 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 5 58 dep analysis 735:742 arg1 investigations 794:807 investigations 794:807 investigations 794:807 Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations suggested the plasticizing effect of MG nanofiller in the PLA matrix. 30502435 6 59 from increment 980:988 arg1 loading 959:965 loading 959:965 loading of MG 959:971 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 3 60 theme nanofiller 571:580 arg1 addition 556:563 the addition 552:563 the addition of MG nanofiller 552:580 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 8 61 theme PLA/MG 1298:1303 arg1 foams 1311:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 the fabricated PLA/MG based foams 1283:1315 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 1 62 theme /modified 248:256 arg1 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 62 theme /modified 248:256 arg1 arabic 262:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic 224:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 224:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 8 63 theme petro-based 1401:1411 arg1 foams 1413:1417 non-degradable petro-based foams 1386:1417 non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life 1386:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 1 64 theme interconnected 325:338 arg1 foam 350:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 6 65 theme MG 1051:1052 arg1 loading 1040:1046 highest loading 1032:1046 highest loading of MG (3%) 1032:1057 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 7 66 theme pore 1161:1164 arg1 diameter 1166:1173 pore diameter 1161:1173 pore diameter up to ~53% 1161:1184 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 6 67 theme ~20° 993:996 arg1 increase 947:954 an increase 944:954 an increase in loading of MG 944:971 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 6 67 theme ~20° 993:996 arg1 increment 980:988 an increment 977:988 an increment of ~20° 977:996 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 1 68 theme simple 177:182 arg1 method 198:203 a simple and innocuous method 175:203 a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 175:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 69 theme composite 340:348 arg1 foam 350:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 279:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 6 70 theme MG 970:971 arg1 loading 959:965 loading 959:965 loading of MG 959:971 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 6 71 theme fabricated 901:910 arg1 foam 912:915 fabricated foam 901:915 fabricated foam 901:915 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 3 72 theme cell 504:507 arg1 density 509:515 cell density 504:515 cell density 504:515 Further, there was noticed an increase in cell density and a decrease in cell size due to the addition of MG nanofiller. 30502435 6 73 from increase 947:954 arg1 loading 959:965 loading 959:965 loading of MG 959:971 The hydrophobicity of fabricated foam was found to increase with an increase in loading of MG and an increment of ~20° in contact angle was observed for highest loading of MG (3%) in comparison to neat PLA foam. 30502435 7 74 dep diameter 1166:1173 arg1 % 1184:1184 % 1184:1184 % 1184:1184 Further, an increase in the surface area up to ~60% and a decrease in pore diameter up to ~53% were observed for PLA/MG based foam by porosimetric investigations. 30502435 8 75 theme life 1440:1443 arg1 fields 1430:1435 various fields 1422:1435 various fields of life 1422:1443 Based on this investigation, the fabricated PLA/MG based foams have the potential for specialized applications as an alternative to non-degradable petro-based foams in various fields of life. 30502435 1 76 theme innocuous 188:196 arg1 method 198:203 a simple and innocuous method 175:203 a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 175:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 77 theme gum 258:260 arg1 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 MG 270:271 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 1 77 theme gum 258:260 arg1 arabic 262:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic 224:267 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam 224:353 The article demonstrates a simple and innocuous method for fabrication of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/modified gum arabic (MG)based hydrophobic, microcellular, highly porous and interconnected composite foam. 30502435 4 78 theme MG 670:671 arg1 effect 660:665 no significant effect 645:665 no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) 645:713 The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of developed foam showed no significant effect of MG in maximum degradation temperature (Tmax). 30502435 0 79 from Effect 79:84 arg1 behavior 140:147 crystallization behavior 124:147 crystallization behavior 124:147 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 0 79 from Effect 79:84 arg1 properties 100:109 foam properties 95:109 foam properties 95:109 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30502435 0 79 from Effect 79:84 arg1 thermal 112:118 thermal 112:118 thermal 112:118 Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. 30832858 7 0 theme effective 1688:1696 arg1 approach 1698:1705 simple and effective approach 1677:1705 simple and effective approach 1677:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 4 1 theme force 932:936 arg1 AFM 950:952 AFM 950:952 AFM 950:952 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 1 theme force 932:936 arg1 microscope 938:947 atomic force microscope 925:947 atomic force microscope (AFM) 925:953 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 7 2 theme simple 1677:1682 arg1 approach 1698:1705 simple and effective approach 1677:1705 simple and effective approach 1677:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 6 3 dep in 1369:1370 arg1 vitro 1372:1376 vitro 1372:1376 vitro 1372:1376 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 3 4 theme CHWs 614:617 arg1 stability 584:592 The high stability 575:592 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film 575:658 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 5 5 theme PDLLA-PDA-CHWs 1246:1259 arg1 film 1261:1264 the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 1242:1264 the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 1242:1264 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 6 6 contain had 1433:1435 arg2 effect 1456:1461 a more significant effect 1437:1461 a more significant effect 1437:1461 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 6 6 contain had 1433:1435 arg1 coating 1425:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 2 7 theme film 529:532 arg1 surface 508:514 the surface 504:514 the surface of the PDLLA film 504:532 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 1 8 theme PDLLA 409:413 arg1 film 415:418 PDLLA film 409:418 PDLLA film 409:418 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 2 9 theme CHWs 477:480 arg1 coating 482:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 6 10 theme cells 1558:1562 arg1 proliferation 1501:1513 proliferation 1501:1513 proliferation 1501:1513 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 6 10 theme cells 1558:1562 arg1 differentiation 1530:1544 osteogenic differentiation 1519:1544 osteogenic differentiation 1519:1544 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 6 10 theme cells 1558:1562 arg1 spreading 1490:1498 spreading 1490:1498 spreading 1490:1498 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 6 10 theme cells 1558:1562 arg1 adhesion 1480:1487 adhesion 1480:1487 adhesion 1480:1487 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 1 11 theme nematic 318:324 arg1 characteristics 341:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 6 12 theme significant 1444:1454 arg1 effect 1456:1461 a more significant effect 1437:1461 a more significant effect 1437:1461 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 4 13 theme PDA 1031:1033 arg1 thickness 1007:1015 the thickness 1003:1015 the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers 1003:1049 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 3 14 theme film 655:658 arg1 surface 634:640 the surface 630:640 the surface of the PDLLA film 630:658 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 0 15 theme mechanical 110:119 arg1 properties 136:145 mechanical and osteogenic properties 110:145 mechanical and osteogenic properties 110:145 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 1 16 theme crystal 333:339 arg1 characteristics 341:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 7 17 theme resulting 1599:1607 arg1 film 1624:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 1595:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach 1595:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 6 18 theme osteogenic 1519:1528 arg1 differentiation 1530:1544 osteogenic differentiation 1519:1544 osteogenic differentiation 1519:1544 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 4 19 theme CHWs 1039:1042 arg1 thickness 1007:1015 the thickness 1003:1015 the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers 1003:1049 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 0 20 theme osteogenic 125:134 arg1 properties 136:145 mechanical and osteogenic properties 110:145 mechanical and osteogenic properties 110:145 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 2 21 theme vertical 426:433 arg1 method 443:448 a vertical coating method 424:448 a vertical coating method 424:448 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 1 22 dep d 210:210 arg1 l-lactide 212:220 l-lactide 212:220 l-lactide 212:220 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 5 23 theme solution 1140:1147 arg1 blending 1149:1156 solution blending 1140:1156 solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs 1140:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 3 24 theme PBS 677:679 arg1 experiment 689:698 PBS soaking experiment 677:698 PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 677:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 1 25 theme chitin 265:270 arg1 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 25 theme chitin 265:270 arg1 whiskers 272:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers 242:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs) 242:286 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 6 26 theme well-ordered 1407:1418 arg1 coating 1425:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 7 27 theme PDLLA-PDA-CHWs 1609:1622 arg1 film 1624:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 1595:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach 1595:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 4 28 theme emission 878:885 arg1 microscopy 905:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy 872:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 872:922 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 28 theme emission 878:885 arg1 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 5 29 theme ordered 1334:1340 arg1 coating 1347:1353 a highly ordered CHWs coating 1325:1353 a highly ordered CHWs coating 1325:1353 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 4 30 theme PDLLA 1024:1028 arg1 thickness 1007:1015 the thickness 1003:1015 the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers 1003:1049 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 5 31 theme traditional 1099:1109 arg1 film 1122:1125 traditional PDLLA/CHWs film 1099:1125 traditional PDLLA/CHWs film 1099:1125 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 3 32 theme morphology 746:755 arg1 changes 716:722 the changes 712:722 the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 712:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 4 33 theme PDLLA-PDA-CHWs 830:843 arg1 film 845:848 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 816:848 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 816:848 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 5 34 theme coating 1347:1353 arg1 immobilization 1307:1320 the immobilization 1303:1320 the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating 1303:1353 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 2 35 theme PDA 558:560 arg1 interlayer 563:572 a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer 542:572 a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer 542:572 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 2 36 theme polydopamine 544:555 arg1 interlayer 563:572 a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer 542:572 a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer 542:572 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 5 37 theme 5 wt 1182:1185 arg1 CHWs 1188:1191 5 wt% CHWs 1182:1191 5 wt% CHWs 1182:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 1 38 theme needle-like 289:299 arg1 CHWs 301:304 needle-like CHWs 289:304 needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli 289:377 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 5 39 theme CHWs 1188:1191 arg1 content 1171:1177 optimal content 1163:1177 optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs 1163:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 0 40 theme Well-ordered 0:11 arg1 whiskers 20:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers 0:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers 0:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 5 41 dep hydrophilicity 1198:1211 arg1 the 1194:1196 the 1194:1196 the 1194:1196 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 4 42 theme atomic 925:930 arg1 AFM 950:952 AFM 950:952 AFM 950:952 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 42 theme atomic 925:930 arg1 microscope 938:947 atomic force microscope 925:947 atomic force microscope (AFM) 925:953 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 7 43 from application 1721:1731 arg1 field 1757:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 4 44 theme electron 896:903 arg1 microscopy 905:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy 872:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 872:922 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 44 theme electron 896:903 arg1 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 1 45 theme matrix 231:236 arg1 advantages 191:200 the advantages 187:200 the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs) 187:286 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 46 theme natural 242:248 arg1 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 46 theme natural 242:248 arg1 whiskers 272:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers 242:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs) 242:286 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 7 47 theme promising 1711:1719 arg1 application 1721:1731 promising application 1711:1731 promising application in bone repair material field 1711:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 7 48 dep coating 1652:1658 arg1 designed 1660:1667 designed 1660:1667 coating designed through simple and effective approach 1652:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 3 49 from experiment 689:698 arg1 terms 703:707 terms 703:707 terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 703:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 3 50 theme high 579:582 arg1 stability 584:592 The high stability 575:592 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film 575:658 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 7 51 theme material 1748:1755 arg1 field 1757:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 5 52 theme mechanical 1217:1226 arg1 properties 1228:1237 mechanical properties 1217:1237 mechanical properties 1217:1237 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 4 53 theme photoelectron 965:977 arg1 XPS 993:995 XPS 993:995 XPS 993:995 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 53 theme photoelectron 965:977 arg1 spectroscopy 979:990 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 959:990 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 959:996 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 3 54 theme well-ordered 601:612 arg1 CHWs 614:617 the well-ordered CHWs 597:617 the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film 597:658 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 7 55 contain has 1707:1709 arg1 film 1624:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 1595:1627 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach 1595:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 7 55 contain has 1707:1709 arg2 application 1721:1731 promising application 1711:1731 promising application in bone repair material field 1711:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 4 56 dep PDLLA 1024:1028 arg1 layers 1044:1049 layers 1044:1049 layers 1044:1049 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 7 57 theme well-ordered 1634:1645 arg1 CHWs 1647:1650 well-ordered CHWs 1634:1650 well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach 1634:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 5 58 theme film 1261:1264 arg1 hydrophilicity 1198:1211 hydrophilicity 1198:1211 hydrophilicity 1198:1211 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 5 58 theme film 1261:1264 arg1 properties 1228:1237 mechanical properties 1217:1237 mechanical properties 1217:1237 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 6 59 theme cell 1378:1381 arg1 culture 1383:1389 in vitro cell culture 1369:1389 in vitro cell culture 1369:1389 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 2 60 theme PDLLA 523:527 arg1 film 529:532 the PDLLA film 519:532 the PDLLA film 519:532 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 3 61 theme PDLLA 649:653 arg1 film 655:658 the PDLLA film 645:658 the PDLLA film 645:658 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 0 62 theme film 91:94 arg1 surface 62:68 the surface 58:68 the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties 58:145 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 6 63 theme in 1369:1370 arg1 culture 1383:1389 in vitro cell culture 1369:1389 in vitro cell culture 1369:1389 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 2 64 theme well-ordered 464:475 arg1 coating 482:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 1 65 theme chiral 311:316 arg1 characteristics 341:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 2 66 theme stable 453:458 arg1 coating 482:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating 451:488 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 6 67 theme MC3T3-E1 1549:1556 arg1 cells 1558:1562 MC3T3-E1 cells 1549:1562 MC3T3-E1 cells 1549:1562 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 1 68 theme liquid 326:331 arg1 characteristics 341:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 69 with CHWs 301:304 arg1 characteristics 341:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics 311:355 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 69 with CHWs 301:304 arg1 moduli 372:377 remarkable moduli 361:377 remarkable moduli 361:377 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 4 70 theme surface 774:780 arg1 microstructure 782:795 surface microstructure 774:795 surface microstructure 774:795 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 71 dep microstructure 782:795 arg1 The 770:772 The 770:772 The 770:772 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 1 72 theme remarkable 361:370 arg1 moduli 372:377 remarkable moduli 361:377 remarkable moduli 361:377 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 6 73 theme CHWs 1420:1423 arg1 coating 1425:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 the well-ordered CHWs coating 1403:1431 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 3 74 theme weight 727:732 arg1 changes 716:722 the changes 712:722 the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 712:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 0 75 from layer 29:33 arg1 surface 62:68 the surface 58:68 the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties 58:145 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 3 76 theme soaking 681:687 arg1 experiment 689:698 PBS soaking experiment 677:698 PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 677:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 0 77 theme poly 73:76 arg1 film 91:94 poly(d,l-lactide) film 73:94 poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties 73:145 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 1 78 theme whiskers 272:279 arg1 advantages 191:200 the advantages 187:200 the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs) 187:286 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 3 79 theme film 764:767 arg1 weight 727:732 weight 727:732 weight 727:732 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 3 79 theme film 764:767 arg1 morphology 746:755 surface morphology 738:755 surface morphology 738:755 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 4 80 theme field 872:876 arg1 microscopy 905:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy 872:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 872:922 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 80 theme field 872:876 arg1 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 5 81 theme CHWs 1342:1345 arg1 coating 1347:1353 a highly ordered CHWs coating 1325:1353 a highly ordered CHWs coating 1325:1353 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 5 82 theme PDLLA/CHWs 1111:1120 arg1 film 1122:1125 traditional PDLLA/CHWs film 1099:1125 traditional PDLLA/CHWs film 1099:1125 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 3 83 theme changes 716:722 arg1 terms 703:707 terms 703:707 terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film 703:767 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30832858 4 84 theme resulting 820:828 arg1 film 845:848 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 816:848 the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film 816:848 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 2 85 theme coating 435:441 arg1 method 443:448 a vertical coating method 424:448 a vertical coating method 424:448 By a vertical coating method, a stable and well-ordered CHWs coating was formed on the surface of the PDLLA film through a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer. 30832858 5 86 theme % 1186:1186 arg1 CHWs 1188:1191 5 wt% CHWs 1182:1191 5 wt% CHWs 1182:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 0 87 theme chitin 13:18 arg1 whiskers 20:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers 0:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers 0:27 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 0 88 dep poly 73:76 arg1 d 78:78 d 78:78 d 78:78 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 0 88 dep poly 73:76 arg1 l-lactide 80:88 l-lactide 80:88 l-lactide 80:88 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 7 89 with film 1624:1627 arg1 CHWs 1647:1650 well-ordered CHWs 1634:1650 well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach 1634:1705 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 6 90 dep adhesion 1480:1487 arg1 the 1476:1478 the 1476:1478 the 1476:1478 Furthermore, in vitro cell culture showed that the well-ordered CHWs coating had a more significant effect on promoting the adhesion, spreading, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. 30832858 5 91 theme optimal 1163:1169 arg1 content 1171:1177 optimal content 1163:1177 optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs 1163:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 0 92 theme high 40:43 arg1 stability 45:53 high stability 40:53 high stability 40:53 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 4 93 theme scanning 887:894 arg1 microscopy 905:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy 872:914 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 872:922 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 93 theme scanning 887:894 arg1 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 FESEM 917:921 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 0 94 with layer 29:33 arg1 stability 45:53 high stability 40:53 high stability 40:53 Well-ordered chitin whiskers layer with high stability on the surface of poly(d,l-lactide) film for enhancing mechanical and osteogenic properties. 30832858 4 95 theme film 845:848 arg1 composition 801:811 composition 801:811 composition 801:811 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 95 theme film 845:848 arg1 microstructure 782:795 surface microstructure 774:795 surface microstructure 774:795 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 7 96 theme bone 1736:1739 arg1 repair 1741:1746 bone repair 1736:1746 bone repair material field 1736:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 5 97 with blending 1149:1156 arg1 content 1171:1177 optimal content 1163:1177 optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs 1163:1191 Comparing with traditional PDLLA/CHWs film, prepared by solution blending with optimal content of 5 wt% CHWs, the hydrophilicity and mechanical properties of the PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were significantly improved owing to the immobilization of a highly ordered CHWs coating. 30832858 1 98 theme polysaccharide 250:263 arg1 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 CHWs 282:285 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 1 98 theme polysaccharide 250:263 arg1 whiskers 272:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers 242:279 natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs) 242:286 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 7 99 theme repair 1741:1746 arg1 field 1757:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 bone repair material field 1736:1761 All these results showed that the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film with well-ordered CHWs coating designed through simple and effective approach has promising application in bone repair material field. 30832858 4 100 theme X-ray 959:963 arg1 XPS 993:995 XPS 993:995 XPS 993:995 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 4 100 theme X-ray 959:963 arg1 spectroscopy 979:990 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 959:990 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 959:996 The surface microstructure and composition of the resulting PDLLA-PDA-CHWs film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the thickness of the PDLLA, PDA and CHWs layers was determined using FESEM, too. 30832858 1 101 theme poly 205:208 arg1 matrix 231:236 poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix 205:236 poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix 205:236 In order to better utilize and combine the advantages of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) matrix and natural polysaccharide chitin whiskers (CHWs), needle-like CHWs with chiral nematic liquid crystal characteristics and remarkable moduli were chosen to surface modify PDLLA film. 30832858 3 102 theme surface 738:744 arg1 morphology 746:755 surface morphology 738:755 surface morphology 738:755 The high stability of the well-ordered CHWs coating on the surface of the PDLLA film was confirmed by PBS soaking experiment in terms of the changes of weight and surface morphology of the film. 30932807 0 0 theme membrane 70:77 arg1 lipids 79:84 membrane lipids 70:84 membrane lipids 70:84 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 3 1 theme mannitol 619:626 arg1 typical 649:655 typical 649:655 typical 649:655 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 3 1 theme mannitol 619:626 arg1 level 628:632 the mannitol level 615:632 the mannitol level 615:632 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 2 2 theme response 532:539 arg1 time 464:467 the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response 455:539 time 464:467 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 2 2 theme response 532:539 arg1 uncharacteristic 505:520 uncharacteristic 505:520 uncharacteristic of the OS response 505:539 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 4 3 theme lipids 785:790 arg1 increase 878:885 a twofold increase 868:885 a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids 868:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 3 theme lipids 785:790 arg1 composition 761:771 the composition 757:771 the composition 757:771 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 4 theme combinations 844:855 arg1 increase 878:885 a twofold increase 868:885 a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids 868:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 4 theme combinations 844:855 arg1 composition 761:771 the composition 757:771 the composition 757:771 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 0 5 from impact 14:19 arg1 composition 55:65 the composition 51:65 the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger 51:119 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 2 6 theme OS 529:530 arg1 response 532:539 the OS response 525:539 the OS response 525:539 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 4 7 dep HS 823:824 arg1 response 795:802 response 795:802 response 795:802 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 1 8 theme osmotic 150:156 arg1 shocks 177:182 osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks 150:182 osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks 150:182 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 1 9 theme soluble 206:212 arg1 carbohydrates 222:234 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 206:234 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 206:234 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 2 10 dep time 464:467 arg1 suppression 469:479 suppression 469:479 suppression of glycerol production 469:502 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 4 11 theme acids 921:925 arg1 proportion 894:903 the proportion 890:903 the proportion of phosphatidic acids 890:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 1 12 theme cytosol 214:220 arg1 carbohydrates 222:234 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 206:234 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 206:234 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 0 13 theme lipids 79:84 arg1 composition 55:65 the composition 51:65 the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger 51:119 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 6 14 theme trehalose 1128:1136 arg1 accumulation 1112:1123 the accumulation 1108:1123 the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol 1108:1149 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 6 14 theme trehalose 1128:1136 arg1 increase 1156:1163 increase 1156:1163 increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids 1156:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 1 15 theme carbohydrates 222:234 arg1 composition 191:201 the composition 187:201 the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids 187:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 6 16 theme membrane 1208:1215 arg1 lipids 1217:1222 membrane lipids 1208:1222 membrane lipids 1208:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 1 17 from action 140:145 arg1 composition 191:201 the composition 187:201 the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids 187:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 2 18 theme shocks 347:352 arg1 effect 331:336 the combinatorial effect 313:336 the combinatorial effect of these shocks 313:352 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 0 19 theme osmolytes 90:98 arg1 composition 55:65 the composition 51:65 the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger 51:119 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 3 20 from increase 603:610 arg1 typical 649:655 typical 649:655 typical 649:655 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 3 20 from increase 603:610 arg1 level 628:632 the mannitol level 615:632 the mannitol level 615:632 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 5 21 theme same 935:938 arg1 time 940:943 the same time 931:943 the same time 931:943 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 0 22 theme Combinatorial 0:12 arg1 impact 14:19 Combinatorial impact 0:19 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 0:120 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 5 23 theme phospholipids 1016:1028 arg1 unsaturation 991:1002 unsaturation 991:1002 unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 991:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 4 24 theme change 734:739 arg1 pattern 723:729 a general pattern 713:729 a general pattern of change 713:739 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 1 25 dep osmotic 150:156 arg1 OS 159:160 OS 159:160 OS 159:160 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 6 26 theme phosphatidic 1186:1197 arg1 acids 1199:1203 phosphatidic acids 1186:1203 phosphatidic acids 1186:1203 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 6 27 theme mannitol 1142:1149 arg1 accumulation 1112:1123 the accumulation 1108:1123 the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol 1108:1149 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 6 27 theme mannitol 1142:1149 arg1 increase 1156:1163 increase 1156:1163 increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids 1156:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 0 28 theme osmotic 24:30 arg1 shocks 41:46 osmotic and heat shocks 24:46 osmotic and heat shocks 24:46 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 1 29 theme membrane 240:247 arg1 lipids 249:254 membrane lipids 240:254 membrane lipids 240:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 6 30 theme acids 1199:1203 arg1 proportion 1172:1181 the proportion 1168:1181 the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids 1168:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 1 31 theme heat 167:170 arg1 shocks 177:182 osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks 150:182 osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks 150:182 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 5 32 from mechanism 950:958 arg1 degree 981:986 the degree 977:986 the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 977:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 1 33 theme lipids 249:254 arg1 composition 191:201 the composition 187:201 the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids 187:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 0 34 theme Aspergillus 103:113 arg1 niger 115:119 Aspergillus niger 103:119 Aspergillus niger 103:119 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 5 35 from degree 981:986 arg1 mechanism 950:958 the mechanism 946:958 the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 946:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 2 36 theme combinatorial 317:329 arg1 effect 331:336 the combinatorial effect 313:336 the combinatorial effect of these shocks 313:352 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 0 37 theme heat 36:39 arg1 shocks 41:46 osmotic and heat shocks 24:46 osmotic and heat shocks 24:46 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 4 38 from increase 878:885 arg1 proportion 894:903 the proportion 890:903 the proportion of phosphatidic acids 890:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 39 theme individual 812:821 arg1 HS 823:824 individual HS 812:824 individual HS 812:824 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 2 40 theme trehalose 408:416 arg1 level 418:422 the trehalose level 404:422 the trehalose level 404:422 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 6 41 from increase 1156:1163 arg1 proportion 1172:1181 the proportion 1168:1181 the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids 1168:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 2 42 theme same 459:462 arg1 time 464:467 the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response 455:539 time 464:467 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 2 42 theme same 459:462 arg1 uncharacteristic 505:520 uncharacteristic 505:520 uncharacteristic of the OS response 505:539 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 0 43 from composition 55:65 arg1 niger 115:119 Aspergillus niger 103:119 Aspergillus niger 103:119 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 6 44 theme combinatorial 1078:1090 arg1 shocks 1092:1097 combinatorial shocks 1078:1097 combinatorial shocks 1078:1097 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 4 45 theme twofold 870:876 arg1 increase 878:885 a twofold increase 868:885 a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids 868:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 45 theme twofold 870:876 arg1 composition 761:771 the composition 757:771 the composition 757:771 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 3 46 theme OS 682:683 arg1 responses 685:693 the individual HS or OS responses 661:693 responses 685:693 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 4 47 theme membrane 776:783 arg1 lipids 785:790 membrane lipids 776:790 membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, 776:832 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 6 48 from proportion 1172:1181 arg1 lipids 1217:1222 membrane lipids 1208:1222 membrane lipids 1208:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 4 49 theme general 715:721 arg1 pattern 723:729 a general pattern 713:729 a general pattern of change 713:739 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 0 50 theme shocks 41:46 arg1 impact 14:19 Combinatorial impact 0:19 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 0:120 Combinatorial impact of osmotic and heat shocks on the composition of membrane lipids and osmolytes in Aspergillus niger. 30932807 3 51 theme individual 665:674 arg1 HS 676:677 the individual HS or OS responses 661:693 HS 676:677 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 6 52 from accumulation 1112:1123 arg1 proportion 1172:1181 the proportion 1168:1181 the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids 1168:1222 The response to combinatorial shocks includes the accumulation of trehalose and mannitol, and increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids in membrane lipids. 30932807 3 53 theme combinatorial 555:567 arg1 action 569:574 combinatorial action 555:574 combinatorial action 555:574 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 4 54 located observed 745:752 arg2 pattern 723:729 a general pattern 713:729 a general pattern of change 713:739 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 54 located observed 745:752 arg1 increase 878:885 a twofold increase 868:885 a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids 868:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 54 located observed 745:752 arg1 contrary 703:710 the contrary 699:710 the contrary 699:710 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 4 54 located observed 745:752 arg1 composition 761:771 the composition 757:771 the composition 757:771 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 5 55 theme membrane 1007:1014 arg1 phospholipids 1016:1028 membrane phospholipids 1007:1028 membrane phospholipids 1007:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 2 56 theme production 493:502 arg1 suppression 469:479 suppression 469:479 suppression of glycerol production 469:502 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 1 57 theme shocks 177:182 arg1 action 140:145 The combinatorial action 122:145 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids 122:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 2 58 theme glycerol 484:491 arg1 production 493:502 glycerol production 484:502 glycerol production 484:502 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 2 59 theme first 277:281 arg1 time 283:286 the first time 273:286 the first time 273:286 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 2 60 from increase 392:399 arg1 level 418:422 the trehalose level 404:422 the trehalose level 404:422 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 3 61 theme new 590:592 arg1 effect 594:599 a new effect 588:599 a new effect 588:599 In addition, combinatorial action resulted in a new effect - increase in the mannitol level, which was not typical for the individual HS or OS responses. 30932807 2 62 theme non-additive 365:376 arg1 response 378:385 the non-additive response 361:385 the non-additive response 361:385 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 1 63 theme combinatorial 126:138 arg1 action 140:145 The combinatorial action 122:145 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids 122:254 The combinatorial action of osmotic (OS) and heat (HS) shocks on the composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates and membrane lipids was studied. 30932807 5 64 from alteration 963:972 arg1 degree 981:986 the degree 977:986 the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 977:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 5 65 theme alteration 963:972 arg1 mechanism 950:958 the mechanism 946:958 the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 946:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 30932807 2 66 from time 464:467 arg1 characteristic 425:438 characteristic 425:438 characteristic 425:438 For the first time it was demonstrated that the combinatorial effect of these shocks led to the non-additive response - an increase in the trehalose level, characteristic for HS, but at the same time suppression of glycerol production, uncharacteristic of the OS response. 30932807 4 67 theme phosphatidic 908:919 arg1 acids 921:925 phosphatidic acids 908:925 phosphatidic acids 908:925 On the contrary, a general pattern of change was observed in the composition of membrane lipids in response to both individual HS and OS, and their combinations, which was a twofold increase in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. 30932807 5 68 theme unsaturation 991:1002 arg1 degree 981:986 the degree 977:986 the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids 977:1028 At the same time, the mechanism of alteration in the degree of unsaturation of membrane phospholipids was not involved in adaptation. 31770560 0 0 theme morphological 77:89 arg1 properties 109:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 5 1 theme % 635:635 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 2 theme syriaca 829:835 arg1 ASF 845:847 ASF 845:847 ASF 845:847 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 2 theme syriaca 829:835 arg1 fibers 837:842 Asclepias syriaca fibers 819:842 Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 819:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 7 3 theme mechanical 1049:1058 arg1 properties 1060:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 3 theme mechanical 1049:1058 arg1 resistance 1078:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 3 theme mechanical 1049:1058 arg1 activity 1107:1114 antimicrobial activity 1093:1114 antimicrobial activity against pathogens 1093:1132 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 4 theme good 1044:1047 arg1 properties 1060:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 4 theme good 1044:1047 arg1 resistance 1078:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 4 theme good 1044:1047 arg1 activity 1107:1114 antimicrobial activity 1093:1114 antimicrobial activity against pathogens 1093:1132 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 0 5 theme antimicrobial 95:107 arg1 properties 109:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 5 6 theme 5 574:574 arg1 % 575:575 % 575:575 % 575:575 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 6 7 theme lignin 901:906 arg1 addition 889:896 The addition 885:896 The addition of lignin to all the formulations 885:930 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 7 8 used used 1167:1170 arg2 composites 1150:1159 these composites 1144:1159 these composites 1144:1159 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 0 9 dep properties 109:118 arg1 composites 4:13 New composites 0:13 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes 0:53 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 3 10 theme surface 354:360 arg1 properties 362:371 surface properties 354:371 surface properties 354:371 The mechanical properties, as well as thermal and surface properties, of the developed composites were evaluated. 31770560 5 11 theme tensile 610:616 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 6 12 theme good 942:945 arg1 coli 1034:1037 E. coli 1031:1037 E. coli 1031:1037 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 6 12 theme good 942:945 arg1 properties 961:970 good antimicrobial properties 942:970 good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms 942:1003 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 6 12 theme good 942:945 arg1 aureus 1009:1014 S. aureus 1006:1014 S. aureus 1006:1014 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 5 13 theme seed 715:718 arg1 fibers 725:730 poplar seed hair fibers 708:730 poplar seed hair fibers (PSH) 708:736 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 13 theme seed 715:718 arg1 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 2 14 theme biocomposite 280:291 arg1 materials 293:301 biocomposite materials 280:301 biocomposite materials 280:301 poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), without glycerol addition, to obtain biocomposite materials. 31770560 5 15 theme % 792:792 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 16 theme hair 720:723 arg1 fibers 725:730 poplar seed hair fibers 708:730 poplar seed hair fibers (PSH) 708:736 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 16 theme hair 720:723 arg1 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 0 17 theme New 0:2 arg1 composites 4:13 New composites 0:13 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes 0:53 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 5 18 theme % 575:575 arg1 lignin 577:582 5% lignin 574:582 5% lignin 574:582 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 1 19 dep starch 177:182 arg1 viz 197:199 viz 197:199 viz 197:199 Different biomass wastes were successfully blended with starch and Ecoflex® viz. 31770560 5 20 theme lignin 577:582 arg1 presence 562:569 The presence 558:569 The presence of 5% lignin 558:582 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 6 21 theme different 980:988 arg1 microorganisms 990:1003 different microorganisms 980:1003 different microorganisms 980:1003 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 3 22 theme developed 381:389 arg1 composites 391:400 the developed composites 377:400 the developed composites 377:400 The mechanical properties, as well as thermal and surface properties, of the developed composites were evaluated. 31770560 5 23 theme reference 867:875 arg1 sample 877:882 a reference sample 865:882 a reference sample 865:882 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 7 24 theme water 1072:1076 arg1 properties 1060:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 24 theme water 1072:1076 arg1 resistance 1078:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 water resistance 1072:1087 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 5 25 theme % 681:681 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 2 26 theme glycerol 251:258 arg1 addition 260:267 glycerol addition 251:267 glycerol addition 251:267 poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), without glycerol addition, to obtain biocomposite materials. 31770560 0 27 theme starch/Ecoflex®/biomass 24:46 arg1 wastes 48:53 starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes 24:53 starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes 24:53 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 4 28 theme water 525:529 arg1 capacity 538:545 the water uptake capacity 521:545 the water uptake capacity 521:545 It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. 31770560 6 29 theme antimicrobial 947:959 arg1 coli 1034:1037 E. coli 1031:1037 E. coli 1031:1037 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 6 29 theme antimicrobial 947:959 arg1 properties 961:970 good antimicrobial properties 942:970 good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms 942:1003 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 6 29 theme antimicrobial 947:959 arg1 aureus 1009:1014 S. aureus 1006:1014 S. aureus 1006:1014 The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. 31770560 0 30 theme Mechanical 56:65 arg1 properties 109:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 4 31 theme impact 461:466 arg1 strength 468:475 impact strength 461:475 impact strength 461:475 It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. 31770560 1 32 theme Different 121:129 arg1 wastes 139:144 Different biomass wastes 121:144 Different biomass wastes 121:144 Different biomass wastes were successfully blended with starch and Ecoflex® viz. 31770560 5 33 theme % 743:743 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 1 34 theme biomass 131:137 arg1 wastes 139:144 Different biomass wastes 121:144 Different biomass wastes 121:144 Different biomass wastes were successfully blended with starch and Ecoflex® viz. 31770560 4 35 theme uptake 531:536 arg1 capacity 538:545 the water uptake capacity 521:545 the water uptake capacity 521:545 It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. 31770560 3 36 theme mechanical 308:317 arg1 properties 319:328 The mechanical properties 304:328 The mechanical properties 304:328 The mechanical properties, as well as thermal and surface properties, of the developed composites were evaluated. 31770560 2 37 theme butylene 207:214 arg1 poly 202:205 poly 202:205 poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) 202:240 poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), without glycerol addition, to obtain biocomposite materials. 31770560 2 37 theme butylene 207:214 arg1 adipate-co-terephthalate 216:239 butylene adipate-co-terephthalate 207:239 butylene adipate-co-terephthalate 207:239 poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), without glycerol addition, to obtain biocomposite materials. 31770560 7 38 theme materials 1204:1212 arg1 manufacture 1179:1189 the manufacture 1175:1189 the manufacture of packaging materials 1175:1212 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 5 39 theme poplar 708:713 arg1 fibers 725:730 poplar seed hair fibers 708:730 poplar seed hair fibers (PSH) 708:736 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 39 theme poplar 708:713 arg1 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 PSH 733:735 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 4 40 theme tensile 440:446 arg1 strength 448:455 the tensile strength 436:455 the tensile strength 436:455 It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. 31770560 7 41 theme packaging 1194:1202 arg1 materials 1204:1212 packaging materials 1194:1212 packaging materials 1194:1212 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 0 42 theme thermal 68:74 arg1 properties 109:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties 56:118 New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. 31770560 5 43 from increase 598:605 arg1 strength 618:625 tensile strength 610:625 tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 610:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 4 44 theme lignin 507:512 arg1 addition 495:502 the addition 491:502 the addition of lignin 491:512 It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. 31770560 7 45 theme antimicrobial 1093:1105 arg1 properties 1060:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties 1040:1069 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 7 45 theme antimicrobial 1093:1105 arg1 activity 1107:1114 antimicrobial activity 1093:1114 antimicrobial activity against pathogens 1093:1132 The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials. 31770560 5 46 theme Asclepias 819:827 arg1 ASF 845:847 ASF 845:847 ASF 845:847 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 31770560 5 46 theme Asclepias 819:827 arg1 fibers 837:842 Asclepias syriaca fibers 819:842 Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF) 819:848 The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. 29883287 12 0 theme PAC 1798:1800 arg1 fibres 1802:1807 novel PAC fibres 1792:1807 novel PAC fibres 1792:1807 CONCLUSION We developed novel PAC fibres. 29883287 6 1 dep increased 961:969 arg1 F1 1003:1004 fibre type F1 992:1004 fibre type F1 to F4 992:1010 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 9 2 theme better 1395:1400 arg1 penetration 1402:1412 better penetration 1395:1412 better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan 1395:1439 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 4 3 theme hydrolysed 649:658 arg1 composition 674:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 7 4 theme % 1134:1134 arg1 NaCl 1140:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 3 5 theme aureus 606:611 arg1 pathogens 578:586 the known pathogens 568:586 the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli 568:632 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 4 6 theme produced 727:734 arg1 fibres 736:741 produced fibres 727:741 produced fibres 727:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 9 7 theme hydrolysed 1421:1430 arg1 chitosan 1432:1439 the hydrolysed chitosan 1417:1439 the hydrolysed chitosan 1417:1439 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 5 8 dep fibre 858:862 arg1 F1 865:866 F1 865:866 F1 865:866 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 8 9 theme hybrid 1213:1218 arg1 fibres 1220:1225 hybrid fibres 1213:1225 hybrid fibres 1213:1225 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 6 10 theme type 998:1001 arg1 F1 1003:1004 fibre type F1 992:1004 fibre type F1 to F4 992:1010 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 7 11 theme hydrolysed 1035:1044 arg1 chitosan 1046:1053 hydrolysed chitosan 1035:1053 hydrolysed chitosan 1035:1053 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 0 12 from use 71:73 arg1 care 84:87 wound care 78:87 wound care 78:87 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 8 13 theme chitosan 1295:1302 arg1 inclusion 1271:1279 the inclusion 1267:1279 the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan 1267:1302 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 11 14 theme hydrolysed 1742:1751 arg1 bath 1762:1765 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1738:1765 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1738:1765 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 7 15 theme distilled 1056:1064 arg1 absorption 1072:1081 distilled water absorption 1056:1081 distilled water absorption 1056:1081 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 2 16 theme sodium 300:305 arg1 alginate 307:314 sodium alginate 300:314 sodium alginate 300:314 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 12 17 dep CONCLUSION 1768:1777 arg1 developed 1782:1790 developed 1782:1790 developed novel PAC fibres 1782:1807 CONCLUSION We developed novel PAC fibres. 29883287 0 18 theme wound 78:82 arg1 care 84:87 wound care 78:87 wound care 78:87 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 3 19 theme Different 406:414 arg1 concentrations 416:429 Different concentrations 406:429 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan 406:456 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 11 20 theme bath 1762:1765 arg1 viscosity 1725:1733 viscosity 1725:1733 viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1725:1765 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 5 21 theme % 818:818 arg1 diameter 832:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter 810:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1) 810:867 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 10 22 theme lower 1456:1460 arg1 viscosities 1462:1472 lower viscosities 1456:1472 lower viscosities 1456:1472 Similarly, at lower viscosities, the tenacities of the hybrid fibres were higher than the control fibre. 29883287 5 23 theme dry 828:830 arg1 diameter 832:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter 810:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1) 810:867 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 9 24 theme lower 1308:1312 arg1 viscosities 1314:1324 lower viscosities 1308:1324 lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1308:1356 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 0 25 theme fibres 50:55 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 0:88 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 3 26 theme hydrolysed 438:447 arg1 chitosan 449:456 the hydrolysed chitosan 434:456 the hydrolysed chitosan 434:456 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 13 27 theme Gram-positive 1891:1903 arg1 bacteria 1905:1912 Gram-positive bacteria 1891:1912 Gram-positive bacteria 1891:1912 Antibacterial testing showed that hydrolysed chitosan was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. 29883287 3 28 theme in 475:476 arg1 assessment 484:493 an in vitro assessment 472:493 an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres 472:542 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 1 29 theme OBJECTIVE 90:98 arg1 fibres 155:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. 29883287 13 30 theme hydrolysed 1844:1853 arg1 chitosan 1855:1862 hydrolysed chitosan 1844:1862 hydrolysed chitosan 1844:1862 Antibacterial testing showed that hydrolysed chitosan was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. 29883287 0 31 theme tri-component 15:27 arg1 fibres 50:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 9 32 theme hydrolysed 1333:1342 arg1 bath 1353:1356 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1329:1356 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1329:1356 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 1 33 theme antibacterial 114:126 arg1 fibres 155:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. 29883287 3 34 theme antibacterial 498:510 arg1 activity 512:519 antibacterial activity 498:519 antibacterial activity of the produced fibres 498:542 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 0 35 theme hybrid 43:48 arg1 fibres 50:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 9 36 theme bath 1353:1356 arg1 viscosities 1314:1324 lower viscosities 1308:1324 lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1308:1356 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 7 37 theme w/v 1155:1157 arg1 CaCl2 1159:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 10 38 theme fibres 1504:1509 arg1 tenacities 1479:1488 the tenacities 1475:1488 the tenacities of the hybrid fibres 1475:1509 Similarly, at lower viscosities, the tenacities of the hybrid fibres were higher than the control fibre. 29883287 10 38 theme fibres 1504:1509 arg1 higher 1516:1521 higher 1516:1521 higher 1516:1521 Similarly, at lower viscosities, the tenacities of the hybrid fibres were higher than the control fibre. 29883287 2 39 theme hydrolysed 385:394 arg1 chitosan 396:403 hydrolysed chitosan 385:403 hydrolysed chitosan 385:403 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 7 40 theme 0.03 1149:1152 arg1 % 1153:1153 % 1153:1153 % 1153:1153 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 11 41 theme chitosan-treated 1562:1577 arg1 fibres 1579:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres 1547:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres 1547:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 11 41 theme chitosan-treated 1562:1577 arg1 effective 1596:1604 effective 1596:1604 effective 1596:1604 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 3 42 theme produced 528:535 arg1 fibres 537:542 the produced fibres 524:542 the produced fibres 524:542 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 12 43 theme novel 1792:1796 arg1 fibres 1802:1807 novel PAC fibres 1792:1807 novel PAC fibres 1792:1807 CONCLUSION We developed novel PAC fibres. 29883287 4 44 theme chitosan 660:667 arg1 composition 674:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 4 45 theme composition 674:684 arg1 effect 639:644 The effect 635:644 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres 635:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 7 46 theme w/v 1136:1138 arg1 NaCl 1140:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 7 47 theme 0.83 1130:1133 arg1 % 1134:1134 % 1134:1134 % 1134:1134 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 6 48 theme linear 874:879 arg1 density 881:887 The linear density 870:887 The linear density of the fibre 870:900 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 6 49 theme chitosan 938:945 arg1 concentration 947:959 the chitosan concentration 934:959 the chitosan concentration 934:959 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 7 50 theme solution-A 1118:1127 arg1 absorption 1166:1175 the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption 1103:1175 the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption 1103:1175 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 7 51 theme saline 1107:1112 arg1 absorption 1166:1175 the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption 1103:1175 the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption 1103:1175 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 3 52 theme coli 629:632 arg1 pathogens 578:586 the known pathogens 568:586 the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli 568:632 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 9 53 theme chitosan 1432:1439 arg1 penetration 1402:1412 better penetration 1395:1412 better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan 1395:1439 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 4 54 theme fibres 736:741 arg1 properties 713:722 physical and mechanical properties 689:722 physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres 689:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 5 55 theme Chitosan-containing 770:788 arg1 fibres 790:795 Chitosan-containing fibres 770:795 Chitosan-containing fibres 770:795 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 2 56 theme coagulation 336:346 arg1 bath 348:351 a coagulation bath 334:351 a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan 334:403 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 8 57 theme percentage 1192:1201 arg1 lower 1231:1235 lower 1231:1235 lower 1231:1235 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 8 57 theme percentage 1192:1201 arg1 strain 1203:1208 The percentage strain 1188:1208 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres 1188:1225 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 9 58 dep stiffer 1380:1386 arg1 due 1388:1390 due 1388:1390 due 1388:1390 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 8 59 theme fibre 1254:1258 arg1 control 1246:1252 the control 1242:1252 the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan 1242:1302 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 7 60 dep saline 1107:1112 arg1 CaCl2 1159:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 7 60 dep saline 1107:1112 arg1 NaCl 1140:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 0.83% w/v NaCl 1130:1143 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 6 61 theme fibre 992:996 arg1 F1 1003:1004 fibre type F1 992:1004 fibre type F1 to F4 992:1010 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 4 62 theme mechanical 702:711 arg1 properties 713:722 physical and mechanical properties 689:722 physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres 689:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 7 63 theme water 1066:1070 arg1 absorption 1072:1081 distilled water absorption 1056:1081 distilled water absorption 1056:1081 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 2 64 theme METHOD 263:268 arg1 Psyllium 270:277 METHOD Psyllium 263:277 METHOD Psyllium 263:277 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 2 64 theme METHOD 263:268 arg1 carrier 321:327 a carrier 319:327 a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan 319:403 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 7 65 theme chitosan 1046:1053 arg1 addition 1023:1030 the addition 1019:1030 the addition of hydrolysed chitosan 1019:1053 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 1 66 theme psyllium-alginate-chitosan 128:153 arg1 fibres 155:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. 29883287 8 67 theme fibres 1220:1225 arg1 lower 1231:1235 lower 1231:1235 lower 1231:1235 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 8 67 theme fibres 1220:1225 arg1 strain 1203:1208 The percentage strain 1188:1208 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres 1188:1225 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 1 68 from application 235:245 arg1 health-care 250:260 health-care 250:260 health-care 250:260 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. 29883287 8 69 theme hydrolysed 1284:1293 arg1 chitosan 1295:1302 hydrolysed chitosan 1284:1302 hydrolysed chitosan 1284:1302 The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 11 70 theme chitosan 1753:1760 arg1 bath 1762:1765 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1738:1765 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1738:1765 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 11 71 from decrease 1713:1720 arg1 viscosity 1725:1733 viscosity 1725:1733 viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1725:1765 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 13 72 theme Gram-negative 1919:1931 arg1 bacteria 1933:1940 Gram-negative bacteria 1919:1940 Gram-negative bacteria 1919:1940 Antibacterial testing showed that hydrolysed chitosan was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. 29883287 5 73 theme 70-130 812:817 arg1 % 818:818 % 818:818 % 818:818 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 5 74 dep RESULTS 762:768 arg1 demonstrated 797:808 demonstrated 797:808 demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1) 797:867 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 2 75 theme calcium 364:370 arg1 chloride 372:379 calcium chloride 364:379 calcium chloride 364:379 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 4 76 from effect 639:644 arg1 properties 713:722 physical and mechanical properties 689:722 physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres 689:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 4 77 theme physical 689:696 arg1 properties 713:722 physical and mechanical properties 689:722 physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres 689:741 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 5 78 theme thicker 820:826 arg1 diameter 832:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter 810:839 a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1) 810:867 RESULTS Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70-130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). 29883287 3 79 theme chitosan 449:456 arg1 concentrations 416:429 Different concentrations 406:429 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan 406:456 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 0 80 theme antibacterial 29:41 arg1 fibres 50:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres 15:55 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 1 81 theme Tri-component 100:112 arg1 fibres 155:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres 90:160 OBJECTIVE Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. 29883287 7 82 theme % 1153:1153 arg1 CaCl2 1159:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 0.03% w/v CaCl2 1149:1163 With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. 29883287 9 83 theme chitosan 1344:1351 arg1 bath 1353:1356 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1329:1356 the hydrolysed chitosan bath 1329:1356 At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 3 84 dep in 475:476 arg1 vitro 478:482 vitro 478:482 vitro 478:482 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 11 85 theme antibacterial 1671:1683 arg1 activity 1685:1692 the antibacterial activity 1667:1692 the antibacterial activity 1667:1692 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 3 86 theme activity 512:519 arg1 assessment 484:493 an in vitro assessment 472:493 an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres 472:542 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 0 87 theme potential 61:69 arg1 use 71:73 potential use 61:73 potential use in wound care 61:87 Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care. 29883287 3 88 used used 463:466 arg2 concentrations 416:429 Different concentrations 406:429 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan 406:456 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 6 89 dep 10 924:925 arg1 to 921:922 to 921:922 to 921:922 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 10 90 theme hybrid 1497:1502 arg1 fibres 1504:1509 the hybrid fibres 1493:1509 the hybrid fibres 1493:1509 Similarly, at lower viscosities, the tenacities of the hybrid fibres were higher than the control fibre. 29883287 11 91 theme hydrolysed 1551:1560 arg1 fibres 1579:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres 1547:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres 1547:1584 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 11 91 theme hydrolysed 1551:1560 arg1 effective 1596:1604 effective 1596:1604 effective 1596:1604 The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. 29883287 2 92 contain containing 353:362 arg1 bath 348:351 a coagulation bath 334:351 a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan 334:403 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 2 92 contain containing 353:362 arg2 chitosan 396:403 hydrolysed chitosan 385:403 hydrolysed chitosan 385:403 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 2 92 contain containing 353:362 arg2 chloride 372:379 calcium chloride 364:379 calcium chloride 364:379 METHOD Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. 29883287 6 93 theme fibre 896:900 arg1 density 881:887 The linear density 870:887 The linear density of the fibre 870:900 The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). 29883287 4 94 theme bath 669:672 arg1 composition 674:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 hydrolysed chitosan bath composition 649:684 The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. 29883287 3 95 theme fibres 537:542 arg1 activity 512:519 antibacterial activity 498:519 antibacterial activity of the produced fibres 498:542 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 29883287 13 96 theme Antibacterial 1810:1822 arg1 testing 1824:1830 Antibacterial testing 1810:1830 Antibacterial testing 1810:1830 Antibacterial testing showed that hydrolysed chitosan was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. 29883287 3 97 theme known 572:576 arg1 pathogens 578:586 the known pathogens 568:586 the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli 568:632 Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 30171006 8 0 theme sc-inulin 1068:1076 arg1 components 1078:1087 all sc-inulin components 1064:1087 all sc-inulin components 1064:1087 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 5 1 dep DP 755:756 arg1 to 760:761 to 760:761 to 760:761 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 1 dep DP 755:756 arg1 DP 763:764 DP 40 763:767 DP 2 to DP 40 755:767 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 9 2 from cocultivation 1335:1347 arg1 sc-inulin 1394:1402 sc-inulin 1394:1402 sc-inulin 1394:1402 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 6 3 theme other 817:821 arg1 bacteria 823:830 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria 784:830 bacteria 823:830 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 4 4 theme broad 586:590 arg1 variation 592:600 a broad variation 584:600 a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs) 584:639 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 10 5 theme molecules 1768:1776 arg1 content 1749:1755 a relatively high content 1731:1755 a relatively high content of GF-type molecules 1731:1776 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 13 6 theme commercial 2375:2384 arg1 strains 2406:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains 2375:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2375:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 2 7 theme individual 304:313 arg1 strains 336:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 11 8 dep in 1903:1904 arg1 vivo 1906:1909 vivo 1906:1909 vivo 1906:1909 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 7 9 theme paracasei 1017:1025 arg1 subsp 1027:1031 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp 1003:1031 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. 1003:1032 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. 30171006 8 10 theme exo-inulinase 1117:1129 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 10 theme exo-inulinase 1117:1129 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 6 11 theme Lactobacillus 784:796 arg1 W57 809:811 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria 784:830 W57 809:811 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 11 12 theme β- 1938:1939 arg1 -fructans 1945:1953 prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1928:1953 prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1928:1953 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 14 13 theme commercial 2672:2681 arg1 synbiotics 2704:2713 commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics 2672:2713 commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics 2672:2713 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 10 14 theme low 1638:1640 arg1 type 1621:1624 the FF type 1614:1624 the FF type (relatively low stimulus) 1614:1650 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 14 theme low 1638:1640 arg1 stimulus 1642:1649 relatively low stimulus 1627:1649 relatively low stimulus 1627:1649 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 1 15 theme dietary 217:223 arg1 carbohydrates 225:237 dietary carbohydrates 217:237 dietary carbohydrates 217:237 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 4 16 theme polymerization 620:633 arg1 degrees 609:615 the degrees 605:615 the degrees of polymerization (DPs) 605:639 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 5 17 theme short-chain 689:699 arg1 sc-inulin 709:717 sc-inulin 709:717 sc-inulin 709:717 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 17 theme short-chain 689:699 arg1 inulin 701:706 short-chain inulin 689:706 short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR) 689:733 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 17 theme short-chain 689:699 arg1 CLR 730:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 17 theme short-chain 689:699 arg1 -fructan 745:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan 736:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40) 736:768 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 2 18 theme probiotic 326:334 arg1 strains 336:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 9 19 theme W57 1366:1368 arg1 cocultivation 1335:1347 The cocultivation 1331:1347 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin 1331:1402 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 8 20 theme hydrolase 1149:1157 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 20 theme hydrolase 1149:1157 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 4 21 theme β- 490:491 arg1 -fructans 497:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans 484:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans 484:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 10 22 theme GF-type 1822:1828 arg1 DP 1830:1831 GF-type DP 2 1822:1833 GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products 1822:1862 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 9 23 theme L. 1374:1375 arg1 W20 1387:1389 L. paracasei W20 1374:1389 L. paracasei W20 1374:1389 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 8 24 theme GH32 1166:1169 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 24 theme GH32 1166:1169 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 4 25 theme 2-1 493:495 arg1 -fructans 497:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans 484:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans 484:505 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 14 26 theme strain-exo-inulinase 2624:2643 arg1 combination 2645:2655 this strain-exo-inulinase combination 2619:2655 this strain-exo-inulinase combination 2619:2655 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 5 27 theme individual 656:665 arg1 bacteria 677:684 individual probiotic bacteria 656:684 individual probiotic bacteria 656:684 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 9 28 theme W20 1387:1389 arg1 cocultivation 1335:1347 The cocultivation 1331:1347 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin 1331:1402 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 10 29 dep type 1580:1583 arg1 stimulating 1594:1604 stimulating 1594:1604 stimulating 1594:1604 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 29 dep type 1580:1583 arg1 i.e. 1567:1570 i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus) 1567:1650 i.e. 1567:1570 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 30 theme DP 1838:1839 arg1 products 1855:1862 DP 3 degradation products 1838:1862 DP 3 degradation products 1838:1862 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 5 31 theme bacteria 677:684 arg1 growth 646:651 The growth 642:651 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), 642:769 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 1 32 theme gut 158:160 arg1 bacteria 162:169 Probiotic gut bacteria 148:169 Probiotic gut bacteria 148:169 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 10 33 theme fructan 1660:1666 arg1 length 1674:1679 fructan chain length 1660:1679 fructan chain length 1660:1679 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 13 34 theme enzymes 2441:2447 arg1 sets 2433:2436 specific sets 2424:2436 specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2424:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 34 theme enzymes 2441:2447 arg1 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 34 theme enzymes 2441:2447 arg1 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 11 35 theme gut 2015:2017 arg1 community 2029:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 0 36 theme Extracellular 81:93 arg1 exo-Inulinase 95:107 the Extracellular exo-Inulinase 77:107 the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 77:145 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 1 37 theme metabolic 187:195 arg1 pathways 197:204 specific metabolic pathways 178:204 specific metabolic pathways 178:204 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 12 38 from research 2133:2140 arg1 probiotics 2154:2163 probiotics 2154:2163 probiotics 2154:2163 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 12 38 from research 2133:2140 arg1 concepts 2170:2177 two concepts 2166:2177 two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host 2166:2297 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 12 38 from research 2133:2140 arg1 pre- 2145:2148 pre- 2145:2148 pre- 2145:2148 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 0 39 from Cross-Feeding 0:12 arg1 Inulin 61:66 Prebiotic Inulin 51:66 Prebiotic Inulin 51:66 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 8 40 theme high-DP 1257:1263 arg1 compounds 1265:1273 high-DP compounds 1257:1273 high-DP compounds 1257:1273 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 10 41 theme degradation 1843:1853 arg1 products 1855:1862 DP 3 degradation products 1838:1862 DP 3 degradation products 1838:1862 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 13 42 theme transporters 2453:2464 arg1 sets 2433:2436 specific sets 2424:2436 specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2424:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 42 theme transporters 2453:2464 arg1 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 42 theme transporters 2453:2464 arg1 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 10 43 theme FF 1618:1619 arg1 fructan 1558:1564 fructan 1558:1564 fructan 1558:1564 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 43 theme FF 1618:1619 arg1 type 1621:1624 the FF type 1614:1624 the FF type (relatively low stimulus) 1614:1650 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 43 theme FF 1618:1619 arg1 stimulus 1642:1649 relatively low stimulus 1627:1649 relatively low stimulus 1627:1649 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 9 44 theme former 1437:1442 arg1 cross-feeding 1416:1428 cross-feeding 1416:1428 cross-feeding of the former by the latter 1416:1456 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 6 45 theme DP 892:893 arg1 fractions 879:887 only fractions 874:887 only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized 874:913 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 11 46 theme human 2087:2091 arg1 diseases 2093:2100 human diseases 2087:2100 human diseases 2087:2100 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 0 47 theme paracasei 126:134 arg1 Strain 136:141 Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 112:145 Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 112:145 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 13 48 theme probiotic 2386:2394 arg1 strains 2406:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains 2375:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2375:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 12 49 from changes 2197:2203 arg1 composition 2212:2222 the composition 2208:2222 the composition of the human gut microbiome 2208:2250 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 14 50 theme prebiotic 2580:2588 arg1 inulin 2590:2595 prebiotic inulin 2580:2595 prebiotic inulin 2580:2595 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 9 51 dep resulted 1404:1411 arg1 supported 1459:1467 supported 1459:1467 supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase 1459:1503 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 0 52 theme Probiotic 20:28 arg1 Strains 40:46 Probiotic Bacterial Strains 20:46 Probiotic Bacterial Strains 20:46 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 6 53 theme specific 938:945 arg1 systems 957:963 specific transport systems 938:963 specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism 938:1000 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 3 54 theme oligosaccharide-inulin 438:459 arg1 samples 461:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 First, a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples was performed. 30171006 14 55 from degradation 2565:2575 arg1 gut 2610:2612 the human gut 2600:2612 the human gut 2600:2612 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 10 56 theme fructan 1558:1564 arg1 type 1550:1553 the type 1546:1553 the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), 1546:1651 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 13 57 theme bacterial 2396:2404 arg1 strains 2406:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains 2375:2412 commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2375:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 11 58 theme human 2009:2013 arg1 community 2029:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 9 59 theme extracellular 1477:1489 arg1 exo-inulinase 1491:1503 this extracellular exo-inulinase 1472:1503 this extracellular exo-inulinase 1472:1503 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 3 60 theme commercial 418:427 arg1 samples 461:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 First, a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples was performed. 30171006 0 61 theme Prebiotic 51:59 arg1 Inulin 61:66 Prebiotic Inulin 51:66 Prebiotic Inulin 51:66 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 14 62 theme keystone 2541:2548 arg1 W20 2521:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 14 62 theme keystone 2541:2548 arg1 strains 2481:2487 Cross-feeding strains 2467:2487 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2467:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 14 62 theme keystone 2541:2548 arg1 strains 2550:2556 keystone strains 2541:2556 keystone strains 2541:2556 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 12 63 theme gut 2237:2239 arg1 microbiome 2241:2250 the human gut microbiome 2227:2250 the human gut microbiome 2227:2250 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 2 64 theme inulin 363:368 arg1 fructans 376:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 8 65 theme paracasei 1034:1042 arg1 W20 1044:1046 paracasei W20 1034:1046 paracasei W20 1034:1046 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 6 66 dep Lactobacillus 784:796 arg1 salivarius 798:807 salivarius 798:807 salivarius 798:807 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 1 67 theme human 272:276 arg1 host 278:281 their human host 266:281 their human host 266:281 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 11 68 theme probiotic 1971:1979 arg1 lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE 1981:2003 probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE 1971:2003 probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE 1971:2003 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 4 69 dep glucose 539:545 arg1 residues 569:576 residues 569:576 residues 569:576 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 11 70 theme prebiotic 1928:1936 arg1 2-1 1941:1943 2-1 1941:1943 2-1 1941:1943 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 11 70 theme prebiotic 1928:1936 arg1 β- 1938:1939 prebiotic β- 1928:1939 prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1928:1953 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 14 71 theme paracasei 2511:2519 arg1 W20 2521:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 2 72 theme commercial 315:324 arg1 strains 336:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 individual commercial probiotic strains 304:342 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 8 73 used used 1059:1062 arg2 W20 1044:1046 paracasei W20 1034:1046 paracasei W20 1034:1046 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 10 74 contain contain 1723:1729 arg1 2-1 1709:1711 2-1 1709:1711 2-1 1709:1711 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 74 contain contain 1723:1729 arg2 content 1749:1755 a relatively high content 1731:1755 a relatively high content of GF-type molecules 1731:1776 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 74 contain contain 1723:1729 arg1 -fructans 1713:1721 relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans 1688:1721 relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans 1688:1721 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 12 75 theme specific 2188:2195 arg1 changes 2197:2203 specific changes 2188:2203 specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host 2188:2297 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 10 76 theme GF-type 1760:1766 arg1 molecules 1768:1776 GF-type molecules 1760:1776 GF-type molecules 1760:1776 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 7 77 theme Lactobacillus 1003:1015 arg1 subsp 1027:1031 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp 1003:1031 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. 1003:1032 Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. 30171006 14 78 theme Lactobacillus-inulin 2683:2702 arg1 synbiotics 2704:2713 commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics 2672:2713 commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics 2672:2713 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 4 79 from variation 592:600 arg1 degrees 609:615 the degrees 605:615 the degrees of polymerization (DPs) 605:639 These β-(2-1)-fructans differ in termination by either glucose (GF) or fructose (FF) residues, with a broad variation in the degrees of polymerization (DPs). 30171006 13 80 theme fructooligosaccharide-inulin 2318:2345 arg1 prebiotics 2347:2356 fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics 2318:2356 fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics 2318:2356 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 2 81 theme prebiotic 352:360 arg1 fructans 376:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 8 82 theme extracellular 1103:1115 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 82 theme extracellular 1103:1115 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 14 83 theme Lactobacillus 2497:2509 arg1 W20 2521:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 6 84 theme only 874:877 arg1 fractions 879:887 only fractions 874:887 only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized 874:913 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 10 85 theme cross-feeding 1520:1532 arg1 extent 1510:1515 The extent 1506:1515 The extent of cross-feeding 1506:1532 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 2 86 theme type 370:373 arg1 fructans 376:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 prebiotic (inulin type) fructans 352:383 Here, we report how individual commercial probiotic strains degrade prebiotic (inulin type) fructans. 30171006 9 87 theme L. 1352:1353 arg1 W57 1366:1368 L. salivarius W57 1352:1368 L. salivarius W57 1352:1368 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 8 88 theme glycoside 1139:1147 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 88 theme glycoside 1139:1147 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 14 89 theme Cross-feeding 2467:2479 arg1 W20 2521:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2497:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 14 89 theme Cross-feeding 2467:2479 arg1 strains 2481:2487 Cross-feeding strains 2467:2487 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 2467:2523 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 14 89 theme Cross-feeding 2467:2479 arg1 strains 2550:2556 keystone strains 2541:2556 keystone strains 2541:2556 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 8 90 theme other 1195:1199 arg1 strains 1201:1207 other strains 1195:1207 other strains of this species 1195:1223 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 11 91 from cross-feeding 1911:1923 arg1 -fructans 1945:1953 prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1928:1953 prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1928:1953 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 8 92 theme family 1159:1164 arg1 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 92 theme family 1159:1164 arg1 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 11 93 theme in 1903:1904 arg1 cross-feeding 1911:1923 in vivo cross-feeding 1903:1923 in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans 1903:1953 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 10 94 theme higher 1797:1802 arg1 concentrations 1804:1817 higher concentrations 1797:1817 higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products 1797:1862 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 5 95 theme probiotic 667:675 arg1 bacteria 677:684 individual probiotic bacteria 656:684 individual probiotic bacteria 656:684 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 1 96 theme Probiotic 148:156 arg1 bacteria 162:169 Probiotic gut bacteria 148:169 Probiotic gut bacteria 148:169 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 8 97 theme species 1217:1223 arg1 strains 1201:1207 other strains 1195:1207 other strains of this species 1195:1223 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 10 98 theme chain 1668:1672 arg1 length 1674:1679 fructan chain length 1660:1679 fructan chain length 1660:1679 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 14 99 theme human 2604:2608 arg1 gut 2610:2612 the human gut 2600:2612 the human gut 2600:2612 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 10 100 theme DP 1830:1831 arg1 concentrations 1804:1817 higher concentrations 1797:1817 higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products 1797:1862 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 1 101 theme specific 178:185 arg1 pathways 197:204 specific metabolic pathways 178:204 specific metabolic pathways 178:204 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 30171006 6 102 theme DP 901:902 arg1 fractions 879:887 only fractions 874:887 only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized 874:913 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 11 103 theme microbial 2019:2027 arg1 community 2029:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The human gut microbial community 2005:2037 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 8 104 theme purified 1231:1238 arg1 enzyme 1240:1245 the purified enzyme 1227:1245 the purified enzyme 1227:1245 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 0 105 theme Lactobacillus 112:124 arg1 Strain 136:141 Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 112:145 Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 112:145 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 14 106 used used 2664:2667 arg2 combination 2645:2655 this strain-exo-inulinase combination 2619:2655 this strain-exo-inulinase combination 2619:2655 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 11 107 theme host 2067:2070 arg1 physiology 2072:2081 host physiology 2067:2081 host physiology 2067:2081 The results provide an example of how in vivo cross-feeding on prebiotic β-(2-1)-fructans may occur among probiotic lactobacilli.IMPORTANCE The human gut microbial community is associated strongly with host physiology and human diseases. 30171006 0 108 theme Strain 136:141 arg1 exo-Inulinase 95:107 the Extracellular exo-Inulinase 77:107 the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20 77:145 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 8 109 located found 1186:1190 arg2 [LpGH32 1171:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32 1139:1177 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 109 located found 1186:1190 arg2 enzyme 1131:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme 1100:1136 an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32] 1100:1178 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 8 109 located found 1186:1190 arg1 strains 1201:1207 other strains 1195:1207 other strains of this species 1195:1223 paracasei W20 completely used all sc-inulin components, employing an extracellular exo-inulinase enzyme (glycoside hydrolase family GH32 [LpGH32], also found in other strains of this species); the purified enzyme converted high-DP compounds into fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, and F2 (inulobiose). 30171006 6 110 theme intracellular 977:989 arg1 metabolism 991:1000 intracellular metabolism 977:1000 intracellular metabolism 977:1000 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 10 111 dep stimulating 1594:1604 arg1 clearly 1586:1592 clearly 1586:1592 clearly 1586:1592 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 13 112 theme specific 2424:2431 arg1 sets 2433:2436 specific sets 2424:2436 specific sets of enzymes and transporters 2424:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 112 theme specific 2424:2431 arg1 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 transporters 2453:2464 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 13 112 theme specific 2424:2431 arg1 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 enzymes 2441:2447 Here, we show how fructooligosaccharide-inulin prebiotics are fermented by commercial probiotic bacterial strains involving specific sets of enzymes and transporters. 30171006 14 113 theme inulin 2590:2595 arg1 degradation 2565:2575 the degradation 2561:2575 the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut 2561:2612 Cross-feeding strains such as Lactobacillus paracasei W20 may thus act as keystone strains in the degradation of prebiotic inulin in the human gut, and this strain-exo-inulinase combination may be used in commercial Lactobacillus-inulin synbiotics. 30171006 0 114 theme Bacterial 30:38 arg1 Strains 40:46 Probiotic Bacterial Strains 20:46 Probiotic Bacterial Strains 20:46 Cross-Feeding among Probiotic Bacterial Strains on Prebiotic Inulin Involves the Extracellular exo-Inulinase of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain W20. 30171006 6 115 theme transport 947:955 arg1 systems 957:963 specific transport systems 938:963 specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism 938:1000 Lactobacillus salivarius W57 and other bacteria grew relatively poorly on sc-inulin, with only fractions of DP 3 and DP 5 utilized, reflecting uptake via specific transport systems followed by intracellular metabolism. 30171006 3 116 theme structural 395:404 arg1 analysis 406:413 a structural analysis 393:413 a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 393:467 First, a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples was performed. 30171006 12 117 theme beneficial 2267:2276 arg1 effects 2278:2284 beneficial effects 2267:2284 beneficial effects for the host 2267:2297 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 10 118 theme β- 1706:1707 arg1 2-1 1709:1711 2-1 1709:1711 2-1 1709:1711 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 118 theme β- 1706:1707 arg1 -fructans 1713:1721 relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans 1688:1721 relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans 1688:1721 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 5 119 theme β- 738:739 arg1 inulin 701:706 short-chain inulin 689:706 short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR) 689:733 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 119 theme β- 738:739 arg1 DP 755:756 DP 2 to DP 40 755:767 DP 2 to DP 40 755:767 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 119 theme β- 738:739 arg1 -fructan 745:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan 736:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40) 736:768 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 3 120 theme samples 461:467 arg1 analysis 406:413 a structural analysis 393:413 a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 393:467 First, a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples was performed. 30171006 12 121 theme human 2231:2235 arg1 microbiome 2241:2250 the human gut microbiome 2227:2250 the human gut microbiome 2227:2250 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 9 122 dep L. 1352:1353 arg1 salivarius 1355:1364 salivarius 1355:1364 salivarius 1355:1364 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 5 123 theme Frutafit 721:728 arg1 inulin 701:706 short-chain inulin 689:706 short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR) 689:733 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 123 theme Frutafit 721:728 arg1 CLR 730:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 124 theme 2-1 741:743 arg1 inulin 701:706 short-chain inulin 689:706 short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR) 689:733 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 124 theme 2-1 741:743 arg1 DP 755:756 DP 2 to DP 40 755:767 DP 2 to DP 40 755:767 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 124 theme 2-1 741:743 arg1 -fructan 745:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan 736:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40) 736:768 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 125 from growth 646:651 arg1 sc-inulin 709:717 sc-inulin 709:717 sc-inulin 709:717 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 125 from growth 646:651 arg1 inulin 701:706 short-chain inulin 689:706 short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR) 689:733 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 125 from growth 646:651 arg1 CLR 730:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 Frutafit CLR 721:732 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 5 125 from growth 646:651 arg1 -fructan 745:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan 736:752 a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40) 736:768 The growth of individual probiotic bacteria on short-chain inulin (sc-inulin) (Frutafit CLR), a β-(2-1)-fructan (DP 2 to DP 40), was studied. 30171006 3 126 theme fructose 429:436 arg1 samples 461:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples 418:467 First, a structural analysis of commercial fructose oligosaccharide-inulin samples was performed. 30171006 12 127 theme microbiome 2241:2250 arg1 composition 2212:2222 the composition 2208:2222 the composition of the human gut microbiome 2208:2250 This observation has prompted research on pre- and probiotics, two concepts enabling specific changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome that result in beneficial effects for the host. 30171006 10 128 theme GF 1577:1578 arg1 fructan 1558:1564 fructan 1558:1564 fructan 1558:1564 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 10 128 theme GF 1577:1578 arg1 type 1580:1583 the GF type 1573:1583 the GF type (clearly stimulating) 1573:1605 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 9 129 dep L. 1374:1375 arg1 paracasei 1377:1385 paracasei 1377:1385 paracasei 1377:1385 The cocultivation of L. salivarius W57 and L. paracasei W20 on sc-inulin resulted in cross-feeding of the former by the latter, supported by this extracellular exo-inulinase. 30171006 10 130 theme high 1744:1747 arg1 content 1749:1755 a relatively high content 1731:1755 a relatively high content of GF-type molecules 1731:1776 The extent of cross-feeding depended on the type of fructan, i.e., the GF type (clearly stimulating) versus the FF type (relatively low stimulus), and on fructan chain length, since relatively low-DP β-(2-1)-fructans contain a relatively high content of GF-type molecules, thus resulting in higher concentrations of GF-type DP 2 to DP 3 degradation products. 30171006 1 131 theme host 278:281 arg1 capabilities 250:261 the capabilities 246:261 the capabilities of their human host 246:281 Probiotic gut bacteria employ specific metabolic pathways to degrade dietary carbohydrates beyond the capabilities of their human host. 29501817 11 0 theme binding 2049:2055 arg1 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 11 0 theme binding 2049:2055 arg1 domain 2057:2062 the receptor binding domain 2036:2062 the receptor binding domain of VEGF 2036:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 6 1 theme biocompatible 1072:1084 arg1 sponge 1094:1099 a biocompatible gelatin sponge 1070:1099 a biocompatible gelatin sponge 1070:1099 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 10 2 theme endothelial 1868:1878 arg1 cells 1880:1884 endothelial cells 1868:1884 endothelial cells 1868:1884 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 3 3 theme tube 656:659 arg1 formation 661:669 tube formation 656:669 tube formation 656:669 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 3 theme tube 656:659 arg1 2-N 342:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 4 theme VEGF 460:463 arg1 receptor 465:472 its VEGF receptor 2 456:474 its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) 456:483 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 4 theme VEGF 460:463 arg1 VEGFR2 477:482 VEGFR2 477:482 VEGFR2 477:482 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 6 5 contain had 1133:1135 arg2 capability 1141:1150 the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization 1137:1192 the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization 1137:1192 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 6 5 contain had 1133:1135 arg1 VEGF 1117:1120 VEGF 1117:1120 VEGF with 26SCS 1117:1131 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 12 6 theme chicken 2130:2136 arg1 assay 2163:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 2 7 theme easy 270:273 arg1 deactivation 275:286 easy deactivation 270:286 easy deactivation 270:286 However, it often suffers from high cost and easy deactivation with a short half-life. 29501817 3 8 theme aortic 679:684 arg1 rings 686:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 8 theme aortic 679:684 arg1 2-N 342:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 10 9 dep 2-N 1680:1682 arg1 6-O-sulfated 1685:1696 6-O-sulfated 1685:1696 6-O-sulfated 1685:1696 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 2 10 theme short 295:299 arg1 half-life 301:309 a short half-life 293:309 a short half-life 293:309 However, it often suffers from high cost and easy deactivation with a short half-life. 29501817 1 11 theme various 179:185 arg1 diseases 215:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 12 with chitosan 360:367 arg1 affinity 389:396 a high affinity 382:396 a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 382:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 9 13 theme due 1569:1571 arg1 use 1533:1535 appropriate use 1521:1535 appropriate use of VEGF 1521:1543 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 9 13 theme due 1569:1571 arg1 challenge 1559:1567 an ongoing challenge 1548:1567 an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1548:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 7 14 with coagent 1287:1293 arg1 VEGF 1300:1303 VEGF 1300:1303 VEGF 1300:1303 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 3 15 theme receptor 497:504 arg1 phosphorylation 506:520 receptor phosphorylation 497:520 receptor phosphorylation 497:520 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 11 16 theme spatial 1982:1988 arg1 arrangement 1990:2000 this spatial arrangement 1977:2000 this spatial arrangement 1977:2000 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 8 17 theme supply 1439:1444 arg1 oxygen 1446:1451 supply oxygen 1439:1451 supply oxygen 1439:1451 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 5 18 with assay 954:958 arg1 network 998:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 1 19 theme diseases 215:222 arg1 treatment 166:174 the treatment 162:174 the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 162:222 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 12 20 theme membrane 2154:2161 arg1 assay 2163:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 3 21 theme related 541:547 arg1 genes 549:553 pro-angiogenic related genes 526:553 pro-angiogenic related genes 526:553 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 5 22 theme chorioallantoic 923:937 arg1 assay 954:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay 906:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network 906:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 11 23 theme lying 1958:1962 arg1 manner 1964:1969 a "lying manner" 1955:1970 a "lying manner" 1955:1970 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 9 24 theme appropriate 1521:1531 arg1 use 1533:1535 appropriate use 1521:1535 appropriate use of VEGF 1521:1543 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 9 24 theme appropriate 1521:1531 arg1 challenge 1559:1567 an ongoing challenge 1548:1567 an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1548:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 8 25 theme tissue 1491:1496 arg1 regeneration 1498:1509 tissue regeneration 1491:1509 tissue regeneration 1491:1509 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 1 26 from important 149:157 arg1 treatment 166:174 the treatment 162:174 the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 162:222 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 27 theme synthetic 332:340 arg1 chitosan 360:367 6-O-sulfated chitosan 347:367 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 347:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 27 theme synthetic 332:340 arg1 rings 686:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 27 theme synthetic 332:340 arg1 migration 645:653 migration 645:653 migration 645:653 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 27 theme synthetic 332:340 arg1 formation 661:669 tube formation 656:669 tube formation 656:669 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 27 theme synthetic 332:340 arg1 2-N 342:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 5 28 theme membrane 939:946 arg1 assay 954:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay 906:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network 906:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 5 29 theme CAM 949:951 arg1 assay 954:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay 906:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network 906:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 12 30 theme implant 2192:2198 arg1 model 2200:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 8 31 theme Vascular 1353:1360 arg1 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 8 31 theme Vascular 1353:1360 arg1 factor 1381:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor 1340:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1340:1393 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 9 32 theme ongoing 1551:1557 arg1 use 1533:1535 appropriate use 1521:1535 appropriate use of VEGF 1521:1543 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 9 32 theme ongoing 1551:1557 arg1 challenge 1559:1567 an ongoing challenge 1548:1567 an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1548:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 8 33 theme growth 1374:1379 arg1 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 8 33 theme growth 1374:1379 arg1 factor 1381:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor 1340:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1340:1393 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 3 34 theme high 384:387 arg1 affinity 389:396 a high affinity 382:396 a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 382:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 5 35 theme embryo 916:921 arg1 assay 954:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay 906:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network 906:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 7 36 theme vascular 1309:1316 arg1 therapy 1318:1324 vascular therapy 1309:1324 vascular therapy 1309:1324 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 4 37 theme obvious 722:728 arg1 recruitment 730:740 the obvious recruitment 718:740 the obvious recruitment of mural cells 718:755 Interestingly, the obvious recruitment of mural cells were occurred to stabilize the sprouted microvessels. 29501817 0 38 theme VEGF-induced 16:27 arg1 angiogenesis 29:40 VEGF-induced angiogenesis 16:40 VEGF-induced angiogenesis 16:40 Manipulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis by 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan. 29501817 1 39 theme endothelial 114:124 arg1 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 1 39 theme endothelial 114:124 arg1 facto 133:137 vascular endothelial growth facto 105:137 vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) 105:144 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 40 theme cell 629:632 arg1 viability 634:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 4 41 theme sprouted 788:795 arg1 microvessels 797:808 the sprouted microvessels 784:808 the sprouted microvessels 784:808 Interestingly, the obvious recruitment of mural cells were occurred to stabilize the sprouted microvessels. 29501817 12 42 theme subcutaneous 2179:2190 arg1 model 2200:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 13 43 theme pro-angiogenic 2256:2269 arg1 capacity 2271:2278 pro-angiogenic capacity 2256:2278 pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF 2256:2286 This strategy may afford a new avenue to enhance pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF. 29501817 9 44 theme clearance 1588:1596 arg1 effects 1614:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects 1576:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1576:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 6 45 theme longer 1009:1014 arg1 monitoring 1016:1025 A longer monitoring 1007:1025 A longer monitoring 1007:1025 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 8 46 theme wound 1473:1477 arg1 healing 1479:1485 wound healing 1473:1485 wound healing 1473:1485 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 10 47 theme VEGF 1803:1806 arg1 receptor 1808:1815 VEGF receptor 2 1803:1817 VEGF receptor 2 1803:1817 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 3 48 theme protein 445:451 arg1 binding 420:426 the binding 416:426 the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) 416:483 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 10 49 with chitosan 1698:1705 arg1 affinity 1727:1734 a high affinity 1720:1734 a high affinity 1720:1734 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 9 50 theme severe 1602:1607 arg1 effects 1614:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects 1576:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1576:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 10 51 theme synthetic 1670:1678 arg1 chitosan 1698:1705 a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan 1668:1705 a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells 1668:1884 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 10 51 theme synthetic 1670:1678 arg1 26SCS 1708:1712 26SCS 1708:1712 26SCS 1708:1712 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 5 52 theme VEGF 873:876 arg1 potential 843:851 the pro-angiogenic potential 824:851 the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF 824:876 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 13 53 theme VEGF 2283:2286 arg1 capacity 2271:2278 pro-angiogenic capacity 2256:2278 pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF 2256:2286 This strategy may afford a new avenue to enhance pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF. 29501817 5 54 theme perfusable 978:987 arg1 network 998:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 6 55 theme gelatin 1086:1092 arg1 sponge 1094:1099 a biocompatible gelatin sponge 1070:1099 a biocompatible gelatin sponge 1070:1099 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 3 56 theme rat 675:677 arg1 rings 686:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 rat aortic rings 675:690 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 56 theme rat 675:677 arg1 2-N 342:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 6 57 with VEGF 1117:1120 arg1 26SCS 1127:1131 26SCS 1127:1131 26SCS 1127:1131 A longer monitoring was administered subcutaneously to mice in a biocompatible gelatin sponge and showed that VEGF with 26SCS had the capability to efficiently enhance neovascularization. 29501817 11 58 theme domain 2057:2062 arg1 exposure 2024:2031 exposure 2024:2031 exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF 2024:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 7 59 theme semi-synthetic 1236:1249 arg1 polymer 1259:1265 the semi-synthetic natural polymer 1232:1265 the semi-synthetic natural polymer 1232:1265 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 7 59 theme semi-synthetic 1236:1249 arg1 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 10 60 theme high 1722:1725 arg1 affinity 1727:1734 a high affinity 1720:1734 a high affinity 1720:1734 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 3 61 dep migration 645:653 arg1 outgrowth 692:700 outgrowth 692:700 outgrowth 692:700 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 11 62 theme receptor 2040:2047 arg1 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 11 62 theme receptor 2040:2047 arg1 domain 2057:2062 the receptor binding domain 2036:2062 the receptor binding domain of VEGF 2036:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 5 63 theme pro-angiogenic 828:841 arg1 potential 843:851 the pro-angiogenic potential 824:851 the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF 824:876 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 11 64 from VEGF 1947:1950 arg1 manner 1964:1969 a "lying manner" 1955:1970 a "lying manner" 1955:1970 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 11 65 theme VEGF 2067:2070 arg1 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 VEGF 2067:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 11 65 theme VEGF 2067:2070 arg1 domain 2057:2062 the receptor binding domain 2036:2062 the receptor binding domain of VEGF 2036:2070 We further confirmed that 26SCS was spatially combined with VEGF in a "lying manner", and this spatial arrangement was more conducive to exposure of the receptor binding domain of VEGF. 29501817 1 66 theme ischemic 187:194 arg1 diseases 215:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 5 67 theme 26SCS 856:860 arg1 VEGF 873:876 26SCS composited VEGF 856:876 26SCS composited VEGF 856:876 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 1 68 theme cardiovascular 200:213 arg1 diseases 215:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases 179:222 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 69 theme pro-angiogenic 526:539 arg1 genes 549:553 pro-angiogenic related genes 526:553 pro-angiogenic related genes 526:553 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 1 70 theme growth 126:131 arg1 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 1 70 theme growth 126:131 arg1 facto 133:137 vascular endothelial growth facto 105:137 vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) 105:144 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 9 71 from dosage 1632:1637 arg1 effects 1614:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects 1576:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1576:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 3 72 theme VEGF-dependent 602:615 arg1 viability 634:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 12 73 theme mouse 2173:2177 arg1 model 2200:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 mouse subcutaneous implant model 2173:2204 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 2 74 theme high 256:259 arg1 cost 261:264 high cost 256:264 high cost 256:264 However, it often suffers from high cost and easy deactivation with a short half-life. 29501817 10 75 theme binding 1783:1789 arg1 capacity 1791:1798 its binding capacity 1779:1798 its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 1779:1817 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 13 76 theme new 2234:2236 arg1 avenue 2238:2243 a new avenue 2232:2243 a new avenue to enhance pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF 2232:2286 This strategy may afford a new avenue to enhance pro-angiogenic capacity of VEGF. 29501817 5 77 theme composited 862:871 arg1 VEGF 873:876 26SCS composited VEGF 856:876 26SCS composited VEGF 856:876 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 1 78 from treatment 166:174 arg1 important 149:157 important 149:157 important 149:157 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 79 dep phosphorylation 506:520 arg1 expression 555:564 expression 555:564 expression 555:564 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 9 80 theme VEGF 1540:1543 arg1 use 1533:1535 appropriate use 1521:1535 appropriate use of VEGF 1521:1543 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 9 80 theme VEGF 1540:1543 arg1 challenge 1559:1567 an ongoing challenge 1548:1567 an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1548:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 1 81 theme Emerging 73:80 arg1 evidence 82:89 Emerging evidence 73:89 Emerging evidence 73:89 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 4 82 theme mural 745:749 arg1 cells 751:755 mural cells 745:755 mural cells 745:755 Interestingly, the obvious recruitment of mural cells were occurred to stabilize the sprouted microvessels. 29501817 5 83 theme chick 910:914 arg1 assay 954:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay 906:958 the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network 906:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 8 84 theme endothelial 1362:1372 arg1 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 8 84 theme endothelial 1362:1372 arg1 factor 1381:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor 1340:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1340:1393 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 0 85 theme angiogenesis 29:40 arg1 Manipulation 0:11 Manipulation 0:11 Manipulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis by 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan 0:70 Manipulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis by 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan. 29501817 1 86 theme vascular 105:112 arg1 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 VEGF 140:143 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 1 86 theme vascular 105:112 arg1 facto 133:137 vascular endothelial growth facto 105:137 vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) 105:144 Emerging evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth facto (VEGF) is important in the treatment of various ischemic and cardiovascular diseases. 29501817 3 87 theme 6-O-sulfated 347:358 arg1 chitosan 360:367 6-O-sulfated chitosan 347:367 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 347:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 87 theme 6-O-sulfated 347:358 arg1 26SCS 370:374 26SCS 370:374 26SCS 370:374 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 3 87 theme 6-O-sulfated 347:358 arg1 2-N 342:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 a synthetic 2-N 330:344 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 4 88 theme cells 751:755 arg1 recruitment 730:740 the obvious recruitment 718:740 the obvious recruitment of mural cells 718:755 Interestingly, the obvious recruitment of mural cells were occurred to stabilize the sprouted microvessels. 29501817 3 89 theme endothelial 617:627 arg1 viability 634:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 8 90 theme factor 1381:1386 arg1 STATEMENT 1327:1335 STATEMENT 1327:1335 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1327:1393 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 0 91 theme 2-N 45:47 arg1 chitosan 63:70 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan 45:70 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan 45:70 Manipulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis by 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan. 29501817 5 92 theme vascular 989:996 arg1 network 998:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 7 93 theme promising 1277:1285 arg1 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 7 93 theme promising 1277:1285 arg1 coagent 1287:1293 a promising coagent 1275:1293 a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy 1275:1324 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 12 94 theme chorioallantoic 2138:2152 arg1 assay 2163:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay 2128:2167 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 3 95 theme downstream 591:600 arg1 viability 634:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability 591:642 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 12 96 theme in 2104:2105 arg1 angiogenesis 2112:2123 in vivo angiogenesis 2104:2123 in vivo angiogenesis 2104:2123 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 0 97 dep 2-N 45:47 arg1 6-O-sulfated 50:61 6-O-sulfated 50:61 6-O-sulfated 50:61 Manipulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis by 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan. 29501817 10 98 theme angiogenic 1845:1854 arg1 behavior 1856:1863 the angiogenic behavior 1841:1863 the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells 1841:1884 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 10 99 theme 2-N 1680:1682 arg1 chitosan 1698:1705 a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan 1668:1705 a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells 1668:1884 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 10 99 theme 2-N 1680:1682 arg1 26SCS 1708:1712 26SCS 1708:1712 26SCS 1708:1712 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 29501817 9 100 theme higher 1625:1630 arg1 dosage 1632:1637 higher dosage 1625:1637 higher dosage 1625:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 9 101 theme side 1609:1612 arg1 effects 1614:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects 1576:1620 its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage 1576:1637 However, appropriate use of VEGF is an ongoing challenge due to its rapidly clearance and severe side effects at higher dosage. 29501817 8 102 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1340:1351 arg1 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 VEGF 1389:1392 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 8 102 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1340:1351 arg1 factor 1381:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor 1340:1386 SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 1340:1393 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for facilitating angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrient during wound healing and tissue regeneration. 29501817 3 103 theme signaling 435:443 arg1 protein 445:451 the signaling protein 431:451 the signaling protein 431:451 Here, we describe a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF promoting the binding of the signaling protein to its VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), activating receptor phosphorylation and pro-angiogenic related genes expression, and further stimulating downstream VEGF-dependent endothelial cell viability, migration, tube formation and rat aortic rings outgrowth. 29501817 12 104 dep in 2104:2105 arg1 vivo 2107:2110 vivo 2107:2110 vivo 2107:2110 Additionally, it also promoted in vivo angiogenesis in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay and mouse subcutaneous implant model. 29501817 5 105 theme extensive 968:976 arg1 network 998:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 an extensive perfusable vascular network 965:1004 In addition, the pro-angiogenic potential of 26SCS composited VEGF was confirmed in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with an extensive perfusable vascular network. 29501817 7 106 theme natural 1251:1257 arg1 polymer 1259:1265 the semi-synthetic natural polymer 1232:1265 the semi-synthetic natural polymer 1232:1265 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 7 106 theme natural 1251:1257 arg1 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 26SCS 1225:1229 These findings highlight that 26SCS, the semi-synthetic natural polymer, may be a promising coagent with VEGF for vascular therapy. 29501817 10 107 theme cells 1880:1884 arg1 behavior 1856:1863 the angiogenic behavior 1841:1863 the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells 1841:1884 In this study, we described a synthetic 2-N, 6-O-sulfated chitosan (26SCS) with a high affinity to VEGF, which could significantly promote its binding capacity to VEGF receptor 2 and further stimulate the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells. 31131049 7 0 theme spherical 1323:1331 arg1 nanosponges 1338:1348 spherical γ-CD nanosponges 1323:1348 spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition 1323:1383 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 7 1 theme blood 1230:1234 arg1 loss 1236:1239 blood loss 1230:1239 blood loss 1230:1239 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 3 2 theme metal-organic 546:558 arg1 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 2 theme metal-organic 546:558 arg1 frameworks 560:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks 504:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) 504:579 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 6 3 theme Cuboidal 962:969 arg1 nanoparticles 979:991 Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles 962:991 Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles 962:991 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 9 4 theme vascular 1681:1688 arg1 diseases 1690:1697 vascular diseases 1681:1697 vascular diseases 1681:1697 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 1 5 theme cubic 259:263 arg1 carriers 278:285 cubic nanoparticle carriers 259:285 cubic nanoparticle carriers 259:285 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 7 6 theme injured 1268:1274 arg1 targeting 1283:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 6 7 with adhesion 1010:1017 arg1 platelets 1050:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 4 8 theme GS5-MOF 715:721 arg1 nanoparticles 723:735 cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 709:735 cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 709:735 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 7 9 dep time 1221:1224 arg1 decrease 1241:1248 decrease 1241:1248 decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo 1241:1299 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 7 10 theme hemostatic 1188:1197 arg1 effects 1199:1205 efficient hemostatic effects 1178:1205 efficient hemostatic effects 1178:1205 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 6 11 with aggregation 1023:1033 arg1 platelets 1050:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 5 12 theme injured 895:901 arg1 efficacy 920:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 The hemostatic capacity and injured vessel targeting efficacy were evaluated in vivo. 31131049 1 13 theme therapeutic 128:138 arg1 drugs 140:144 therapeutic drugs 128:144 therapeutic drugs 128:144 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 4 14 theme specific 684:691 arg1 interactions 693:704 The specific interactions 680:704 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets 680:760 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 7 15 theme GS5-MOF 1151:1157 arg1 nanoparticles 1159:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 1141:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 1141:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 2 16 contain possess 393:399 arg2 vessels 440:446 injured vessels 432:446 injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart 432:492 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 2 16 contain possess 393:399 arg2 effect 421:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 2 16 contain possess 393:399 arg1 frameworks 382:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 5 17 theme targeting 910:918 arg1 efficacy 920:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 The hemostatic capacity and injured vessel targeting efficacy were evaluated in vivo. 31131049 8 18 theme damaged 1555:1561 arg1 vessels 1563:1569 damaged vessels 1555:1569 damaged vessels 1555:1569 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 3 19 theme surface 628:634 arg1 modification 636:647 surface modification 628:647 surface modification 628:647 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 7 20 theme bleeding 1212:1219 arg1 time 1221:1224 bleeding time 1212:1224 bleeding time 1212:1224 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 6 21 theme enhanced 1001:1008 arg1 adhesion 1010:1017 adhesion 1010:1017 adhesion 1010:1017 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 4 22 theme in 783:784 arg1 assay 813:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 9 23 theme innovative 1617:1626 arg1 platform 1637:1644 an innovative delivery platform 1614:1644 an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases 1614:1697 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 9 24 dep treatment 1654:1662 arg1 the 1650:1652 the 1650:1652 the 1650:1652 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 0 25 theme injured 70:76 arg1 targeting 85:93 injured vessel targeting 70:93 injured vessel targeting 70:93 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks tailored for hemostasis and injured vessel targeting. 31131049 3 26 with crosslinking 611:622 arg1 peptide 660:666 GRGDS peptide 654:666 GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs) 654:677 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 26 with crosslinking 611:622 arg1 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 1 27 theme agents 157:162 arg1 delivery 116:123 Targeted delivery 107:123 Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers 107:204 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 1 28 theme injured 167:173 arg1 vessels 181:187 injured blood vessels 167:187 injured blood vessels 167:187 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 6 29 theme static 1075:1080 arg1 condition 1082:1090 static condition 1075:1090 static condition 1075:1090 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 4 30 theme atomic 823:828 arg1 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 4 30 theme atomic 823:828 arg1 measurements 847:858 atomic force microscopy measurements 823:858 atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM) 823:864 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 4 31 theme aggregation 801:811 arg1 assay 813:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 3 32 dep synthesized 585:595 arg1 tethered 598:605 tethered 598:605 tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs) 598:677 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 4 33 theme microscopy 836:845 arg1 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 4 33 theme microscopy 836:845 arg1 measurements 847:858 atomic force microscopy measurements 823:858 atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM) 823:864 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 2 34 theme superior 401:408 arg1 effect 421:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 4 35 theme platelet 792:799 arg1 assay 813:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 in vitro platelet aggregation assay 783:817 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 0 36 theme Cuboidal 0:7 arg1 frameworks 31:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks tailored for hemostasis and injured vessel targeting. 31131049 1 37 theme nanoparticle 265:276 arg1 carriers 278:285 cubic nanoparticle carriers 259:285 cubic nanoparticle carriers 259:285 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 9 38 theme diseases 1690:1697 arg1 diagnosis 1668:1676 diagnosis 1668:1676 diagnosis 1668:1676 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 9 38 theme diseases 1690:1697 arg1 treatment 1654:1662 treatment 1654:1662 treatment 1654:1662 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 2 39 theme injured 432:438 arg1 vessels 440:446 injured vessels 432:446 injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart 432:492 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 0 40 theme cyclodextrin 18:29 arg1 frameworks 31:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks tailored for hemostasis and injured vessel targeting. 31131049 9 41 theme delivery 1628:1635 arg1 platform 1637:1644 an innovative delivery platform 1614:1644 an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases 1614:1697 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 8 42 theme enhanced 1489:1496 arg1 aggregation 1498:1508 the enhanced aggregation 1485:1508 the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets 1485:1531 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 6 43 theme flow 1123:1126 arg1 environment 1128:1138 a physiologically relevant flow environment 1096:1138 a physiologically relevant flow environment 1096:1138 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 4 44 with interactions 693:704 arg1 platelets 752:760 activated platelets 742:760 activated platelets 742:760 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 8 45 theme platelets 1523:1531 arg1 aggregation 1498:1508 the enhanced aggregation 1485:1508 the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets 1485:1531 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 8 45 theme platelets 1523:1531 arg1 targeting 1542:1550 high targeting 1537:1550 high targeting to damaged vessels 1537:1569 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 7 46 theme same 1359:1362 arg1 composition 1373:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 8 47 theme high 1537:1540 arg1 targeting 1542:1550 high targeting 1537:1550 high targeting to damaged vessels 1537:1569 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 2 48 theme cuboidal 360:367 arg1 frameworks 382:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 3 49 theme γ-cyclodextrin 531:544 arg1 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 49 theme γ-cyclodextrin 531:544 arg1 frameworks 560:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks 504:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) 504:579 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 6 50 theme GS5-MOF 971:977 arg1 nanoparticles 979:991 Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles 962:991 Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles 962:991 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 7 51 theme γ-CD 1333:1336 arg1 nanosponges 1338:1348 spherical γ-CD nanosponges 1323:1348 spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition 1323:1383 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 7 52 with nanosponges 1338:1348 arg1 composition 1373:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 1 53 theme blood 175:179 arg1 vessels 181:187 injured blood vessels 167:187 injured blood vessels 167:187 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 7 54 theme efficient 1178:1186 arg1 effects 1199:1205 efficient hemostatic effects 1178:1205 efficient hemostatic effects 1178:1205 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 4 55 theme cubic 709:713 arg1 nanoparticles 723:735 cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 709:735 cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 709:735 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 6 56 theme activated 1040:1048 arg1 platelets 1050:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 activated platelets 1040:1058 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 7 57 theme cubic 1145:1149 arg1 nanoparticles 1159:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 1141:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles 1141:1171 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 5 58 theme vessel 903:908 arg1 efficacy 920:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 injured vessel targeting efficacy 895:927 The hemostatic capacity and injured vessel targeting efficacy were evaluated in vivo. 31131049 1 59 theme drugs 140:144 arg1 delivery 116:123 Targeted delivery 107:123 Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers 107:204 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 6 60 theme relevant 1114:1121 arg1 environment 1128:1138 a physiologically relevant flow environment 1096:1138 a physiologically relevant flow environment 1096:1138 Results: Cuboidal GS5-MOF nanoparticles exhibit enhanced adhesion and aggregation with activated platelets in vitro under static condition and a physiologically relevant flow environment. 31131049 0 61 theme vessel 78:83 arg1 targeting 85:93 injured vessel targeting 70:93 injured vessel targeting 70:93 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks tailored for hemostasis and injured vessel targeting. 31131049 3 62 theme GRGDS 654:658 arg1 peptide 660:666 GRGDS peptide 654:666 GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs) 654:677 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 62 theme GRGDS 654:658 arg1 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 1 63 theme imaging 149:155 arg1 agents 157:162 imaging agents 149:162 imaging agents 149:162 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 4 64 theme nanoparticles 723:735 arg1 interactions 693:704 The specific interactions 680:704 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets 680:760 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 4 65 theme activated 742:750 arg1 platelets 752:760 activated platelets 742:760 activated platelets 742:760 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 3 66 with modification 636:647 arg1 peptide 660:666 GRGDS peptide 654:666 GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs) 654:677 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 66 with modification 636:647 arg1 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 GS5-MOFs 669:676 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 4 67 theme force 830:834 arg1 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 AFM 861:863 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 4 67 theme force 830:834 arg1 measurements 847:858 atomic force microscopy measurements 823:858 atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM) 823:864 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 7 68 theme vessel 1276:1281 arg1 targeting 1283:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 0 69 theme tethered 9:16 arg1 frameworks 31:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks 0:40 Cuboidal tethered cyclodextrin frameworks tailored for hemostasis and injured vessel targeting. 31131049 4 70 dep in 783:784 arg1 vitro 786:790 vitro 786:790 vitro 786:790 The specific interactions of cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles with activated platelets were investigated by in vitro platelet aggregation assay and atomic force microscopy measurements (AFM). 31131049 8 71 theme shape 1464:1468 arg1 contribution 1435:1446 the contribution 1431:1446 the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels 1431:1569 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 2 72 theme cyclodextrin 369:380 arg1 frameworks 382:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks 360:391 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 5 73 theme hemostatic 871:880 arg1 capacity 882:889 The hemostatic capacity 867:889 The hemostatic capacity 867:889 The hemostatic capacity and injured vessel targeting efficacy were evaluated in vivo. 31131049 1 74 theme Targeted 107:114 arg1 delivery 116:123 Targeted delivery 107:123 Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers 107:204 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 8 75 theme cuboidal 1455:1462 arg1 shape 1464:1468 the cuboidal shape 1451:1468 the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs 1451:1480 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 8 76 theme GS5-MOFs 1473:1480 arg1 shape 1464:1468 the cuboidal shape 1451:1468 the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs 1451:1480 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 9 77 theme cuboidal 1576:1583 arg1 system 1598:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system 1572:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system 1572:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 2 78 theme hemostasis 410:419 arg1 effect 421:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 superior hemostasis effect 401:426 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 7 79 theme chemical 1364:1371 arg1 composition 1373:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 the same chemical composition 1355:1383 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 2 80 theme spherical 472:480 arg1 counterpart 482:492 spherical counterpart 472:492 spherical counterpart 472:492 Here, we demonstrate that cuboidal cyclodextrin frameworks possess superior hemostasis effect and injured vessels targeting compared with spherical counterpart. 31131049 3 81 theme biocompatible 517:529 arg1 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 81 theme biocompatible 517:529 arg1 frameworks 560:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks 504:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) 504:579 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 1 82 theme vascular 314:321 arg1 targeting 323:331 vascular targeting 314:331 vascular targeting 314:331 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31131049 8 83 theme activated 1513:1521 arg1 platelets 1523:1531 activated platelets 1513:1531 activated platelets 1513:1531 Conclusions: These results clearly highlight the contribution of the cuboidal shape of GS5-MOFs to the enhanced aggregation of activated platelets and high targeting to damaged vessels. 31131049 3 84 theme Cuboidal 504:511 arg1 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 CD-MOFs 572:578 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 3 84 theme Cuboidal 504:511 arg1 frameworks 560:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks 504:569 Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) 504:579 Methods: Cuboidal and biocompatible γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) are synthesized, tethered via crosslinking and surface modification with GRGDS peptide (GS5-MOFs). 31131049 9 85 theme nanoparticle 1585:1596 arg1 system 1598:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system 1572:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system 1572:1603 The cuboidal nanoparticle system provides an innovative delivery platform for the treatment and diagnosis of vascular diseases. 31131049 7 86 theme strong 1261:1266 arg1 targeting 1283:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 strong injured vessel targeting 1261:1291 The cubic GS5-MOF nanoparticles show efficient hemostatic effects with bleeding time and blood loss decrease of 90% and strong injured vessel targeting in vivo, markedly superior to spherical γ-CD nanosponges with the same chemical composition. 31131049 1 87 theme particle 239:246 arg1 shape 248:252 the particle shape 235:252 the particle shape 235:252 Rationale: Targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs or imaging agents to injured blood vessels via nanocarriers is likely to be dependent on the particle shape, yet cubic nanoparticle carriers have not been reported for vascular targeting. 31857168 1 0 theme food 181:184 arg1 fields 186:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in medical, cosmetic and food fields. 31857168 6 1 theme bacteriostatic 791:804 arg1 zone 815:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 4 2 theme transparent 553:563 arg1 film 581:584 The transparent and homogeneous film 549:584 The transparent and homogeneous film 549:584 The transparent and homogeneous film presented good compatibility between CSA and HPMC, confirmed by SEM. 31857168 6 3 theme diameter 806:813 arg1 zone 815:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 6 4 theme 9.0 mm 784:789 arg1 zone 815:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone 784:818 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 1 5 used used 151:154 arg2 derivatives 128:138 its derivatives 124:138 its derivatives 124:138 Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in medical, cosmetic and food fields. 31857168 1 5 used used 151:154 arg2 Chitosan 111:118 Chitosan 111:118 Chitosan 111:118 Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in medical, cosmetic and food fields. 31857168 8 6 theme promising 1050:1058 arg1 film 1039:1042 the CSA/HPMC film 1026:1042 the CSA/HPMC film 1026:1042 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 8 6 theme promising 1050:1058 arg1 material 1060:1067 a promising material 1048:1067 a promising material for medication 1048:1082 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 8 7 theme CSA/HPMC 1030:1037 arg1 film 1039:1042 the CSA/HPMC film 1026:1042 the CSA/HPMC film 1026:1042 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 8 7 theme CSA/HPMC 1030:1037 arg1 material 1060:1067 a promising material 1048:1067 a promising material for medication 1048:1082 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 8 8 theme antibacterial 978:990 arg1 results 1006:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results 973:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results 973:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 3 9 theme hydroxypropyl 482:494 arg1 methylcellose 496:508 hydroxypropyl methylcellose 482:508 hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) 482:515 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol was then prepared. 31857168 3 9 theme hydroxypropyl 482:494 arg1 HPMC 511:514 HPMC 511:514 HPMC 511:514 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol was then prepared. 31857168 4 10 theme homogeneous 569:579 arg1 film 581:584 The transparent and homogeneous film 549:584 The transparent and homogeneous film 549:584 The transparent and homogeneous film presented good compatibility between CSA and HPMC, confirmed by SEM. 31857168 5 11 theme moisture 707:714 arg1 content 716:722 its moisture content 703:722 its moisture content 703:722 The thickness of the film was about 44.8 μm and its moisture content was 23.0%. 31857168 6 12 theme film 772:775 arg1 evaluation 749:758 Antimicrobial evaluation 735:758 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film 735:775 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 6 13 theme CSA/HPMC 763:770 arg1 film 772:775 CSA/HPMC film 763:775 CSA/HPMC film 763:775 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 2 14 theme gel 316:318 arg1 GPC 347:349 GPC 347:349 GPC 347:349 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 14 theme gel 316:318 arg1 chromatography 331:344 gel permeation chromatography 316:344 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 316:350 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 4 15 dep presented 586:594 arg1 confirmed 637:645 confirmed 637:645 confirmed by SEM 637:652 The transparent and homogeneous film presented good compatibility between CSA and HPMC, confirmed by SEM. 31857168 5 16 theme film 676:679 arg1 thickness 659:667 The thickness 655:667 The thickness of the film 655:679 The thickness of the film was about 44.8 μm and its moisture content was 23.0%. 31857168 6 17 theme Antimicrobial 735:747 arg1 evaluation 749:758 Antimicrobial evaluation 735:758 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film 735:775 Antimicrobial evaluation of CSA/HPMC film showed 9.0 mm bacteriostatic diameter zone against E. coli and 10.5 mm one against S. aureus. 31857168 7 18 theme cell 949:952 arg1 test 967:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 The film exhibited cell biocompatibility and promoted proliferation with L929 cell cytotoxicity test. 31857168 3 19 theme composite 448:456 arg1 film 458:461 A novel antibacterial composite film 426:461 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol 426:528 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol was then prepared. 31857168 2 20 theme 1H 308:309 arg1 NMR 311:313 1H NMR 308:313 1H NMR 308:313 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 7 21 theme L929 944:947 arg1 test 967:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 The film exhibited cell biocompatibility and promoted proliferation with L929 cell cytotoxicity test. 31857168 0 22 theme chitosan/hydroxypropyl 54:75 arg1 film 105:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 2 23 theme electron 399:406 arg1 SEM 420:422 SEM 420:422 SEM 420:422 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 23 theme electron 399:406 arg1 microscopy 408:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 390:423 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 3 24 theme novel 428:432 arg1 film 458:461 A novel antibacterial composite film 426:461 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol 426:528 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol was then prepared. 31857168 0 25 theme arginine-modified 36:52 arg1 film 105:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 3 26 theme antibacterial 434:446 arg1 film 458:461 A novel antibacterial composite film 426:461 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol 426:528 A novel antibacterial composite film consisting of CSA, hydroxypropyl methylcellose (HPMC) and glycerol was then prepared. 31857168 0 27 theme antibacterial 91:103 arg1 film 105:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 8 28 theme food 1099:1102 arg1 applications 1117:1128 food preservation applications 1099:1128 food preservation applications 1099:1128 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 0 29 theme methylcellose 77:89 arg1 film 105:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film 36:108 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 8 30 theme cytotoxic 996:1004 arg1 results 1006:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results 973:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results 973:1012 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 7 31 theme cytotoxicity 954:965 arg1 test 967:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 L929 cell cytotoxicity test 944:970 The film exhibited cell biocompatibility and promoted proliferation with L929 cell cytotoxicity test. 31857168 1 32 theme medical 159:165 arg1 fields 186:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in medical, cosmetic and food fields. 31857168 7 33 theme cell 890:893 arg1 biocompatibility 895:910 cell biocompatibility 890:910 cell biocompatibility 890:910 The film exhibited cell biocompatibility and promoted proliferation with L929 cell cytotoxicity test. 31857168 4 34 theme good 596:599 arg1 compatibility 601:613 good compatibility 596:613 good compatibility between CSA and HPMC 596:634 The transparent and homogeneous film presented good compatibility between CSA and HPMC, confirmed by SEM. 31857168 8 35 theme preservation 1104:1115 arg1 applications 1117:1128 food preservation applications 1099:1128 food preservation applications 1099:1128 Both antibacterial and cytotoxic results showed that the CSA/HPMC film was a promising material for medication, cosmetics and food preservation applications. 31857168 2 36 theme Fourier-transform 272:288 arg1 FT-IR 300:304 FT-IR 300:304 FT-IR 300:304 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 36 theme Fourier-transform 272:288 arg1 infrared 290:297 Fourier-transform infrared 272:297 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) 272:305 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 37 theme permeation 320:329 arg1 GPC 347:349 GPC 347:349 GPC 347:349 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 37 theme permeation 320:329 arg1 chromatography 331:344 gel permeation chromatography 316:344 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 316:350 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 38 theme scanning 390:397 arg1 SEM 420:422 SEM 420:422 SEM 420:422 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 38 theme scanning 390:397 arg1 microscopy 408:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 390:423 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 1 39 theme cosmetic 168:175 arg1 fields 186:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 medical, cosmetic and food fields 159:191 Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in medical, cosmetic and food fields. 31857168 0 40 theme film 105:108 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 0 40 theme film 105:108 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of arginine-modified chitosan/hydroxypropyl methylcellose antibacterial film. 31857168 2 41 theme thermogravimetric 353:369 arg1 TGA 381:383 TGA 381:383 TGA 381:383 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31857168 2 41 theme thermogravimetric 353:369 arg1 analysis 371:378 thermogravimetric analysis 353:378 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 353:384 In this study, chitosan-N-arginine (CSA) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 30066395 2 0 theme grape 486:490 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 0 theme grape 486:490 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 0 theme grape 486:490 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 1 1 theme grape 326:330 arg1 pomace 332:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 6 2 theme feasible 997:1004 arg1 methods 1006:1012 different feasible methods 987:1012 different feasible methods 987:1012 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 4 3 theme alkaline 791:798 arg1 processes 800:808 alkaline processes 791:808 alkaline processes 791:808 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 1 4 theme favorable 235:243 arg1 conditions 245:254 the most favorable conditions 226:254 the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 226:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 5 5 dep 88.68 861:865 arg1 to 858:859 to 858:859 to 858:859 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 6 6 dep CONCLUSION 945:954 arg1 demonstrated 974:985 demonstrated 974:985 demonstrated 974:985 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 2 7 theme Chemical 340:347 arg1 processes 349:357 Chemical processes 340:357 Chemical processes 340:357 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 0 8 theme green 88:92 arg1 alternative 94:104 a green alternative 86:104 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 0:175 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 3 9 theme Enzymatic 554:562 arg1 production 564:573 Enzymatic production 554:573 Enzymatic production 554:573 Enzymatic production was also evaluated using xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 and Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail. 30066395 5 10 theme total 878:882 arg1 XOS 884:886 total XOS 878:886 total XOS using xylanase 878:901 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 0 11 theme conventional 109:120 arg1 methods 122:128 conventional methods 109:128 conventional methods 109:128 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 5 12 with % 925:925 arg1 Viscozyme® 932:941 Viscozyme® 932:941 Viscozyme® 932:941 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 13 dep ± 919:919 arg1 to 910:911 to 910:911 to 910:911 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 2 14 theme central 392:398 arg1 design 410:415 a rotatable central composite design 380:415 a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables 380:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 15 theme mass 513:516 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 15 theme mass 513:516 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 15 theme mass 513:516 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 5 16 theme 84.09 913:917 arg1 ± 919:919 ± 919:919 ± 919:919 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 1 17 from pomace 332:337 arg1 production 264:273 the production 260:273 the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 260:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 7 18 theme enzymatic 1139:1147 arg1 cocktails 1149:1157 enzymatic cocktails 1139:1157 enzymatic cocktails 1139:1157 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 2 19 theme sulfuric 444:451 arg1 acid 453:456 sulfuric acid 444:456 sulfuric acid 444:456 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 20 theme rotatable 382:390 arg1 design 410:415 a rotatable central composite design 380:415 a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables 380:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 21 theme acid 453:456 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 21 theme acid 453:456 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 21 theme acid 453:456 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 6 22 theme present 960:966 arg1 study 968:972 The present study 956:972 The present study 956:972 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 7 23 theme grape 1273:1277 arg1 extract 1286:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 4 24 theme total 766:770 arg1 XOS 772:774 total XOS 766:774 total XOS 766:774 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 6 25 theme pomace 1080:1085 arg1 flour 1087:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 0 26 theme Enzymatic 0:8 arg1 production 10:19 Enzymatic production 0:19 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 0:175 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 6 27 theme different 987:995 arg1 methods 1006:1012 different feasible methods 987:1012 different feasible methods 987:1012 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 4 28 theme Chemical 699:706 arg1 extraction 708:717 Chemical extraction 699:717 Chemical extraction 699:717 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 0 29 theme xylooligosaccharides 24:43 arg1 production 10:19 Enzymatic production 0:19 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 0:175 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 3 30 theme Aspergillus 621:631 arg1 niger 633:637 Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 621:643 Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 621:643 Enzymatic production was also evaluated using xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 and Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail. 30066395 5 31 with % 873:873 arg1 Viscozyme® 932:941 Viscozyme® 932:941 Viscozyme® 932:941 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 32 theme Enzymatic 824:832 arg1 production 834:843 Enzymatic production 824:843 Enzymatic production 824:843 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 33 theme ± 867:867 arg1 % 873:873 up to 88.68 ± 0.12% 855:873 up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase 855:901 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 33 theme ± 867:867 arg1 XOS 884:886 total XOS 878:886 total XOS using xylanase 878:901 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 1 34 theme xylooligosaccharides 278:297 arg1 production 264:273 the production 260:273 the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 260:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 3 35 theme commercial 670:679 arg1 cocktail 681:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Enzymatic production was also evaluated using xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 and Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail. 30066395 4 36 theme XOS 772:774 arg1 XOS 772:774 total XOS 766:774 total XOS 766:774 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 4 36 theme XOS 772:774 arg1 % 747:747 21.8-74.6% 738:747 21.8-74.6% 738:747 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 4 36 theme XOS 772:774 arg1 % 761:761 5.2-96.3% 753:761 5.2-96.3% 753:761 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 0 37 theme Brazilian 50:58 arg1 flour 79:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 5 38 theme 2.40 921:924 arg1 ± 919:919 ± 919:919 ± 919:919 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 6 39 theme grape 1074:1078 arg1 flour 1087:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 1 40 theme work 204:207 arg1 aim 192:194 The aim 188:194 The aim of this work 188:207 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 2 41 theme hydroxide 468:476 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 41 theme hydroxide 468:476 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 41 theme hydroxide 468:476 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 42 theme dependent 533:541 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 42 theme dependent 533:541 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 42 theme dependent 533:541 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 0 43 from flour 79:83 arg1 production 10:19 Enzymatic production 0:19 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 0:175 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 2 44 theme composite 400:408 arg1 design 410:415 a rotatable central composite design 380:415 a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables 380:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 45 theme sodium 461:466 arg1 hydroxide 468:476 sodium hydroxide 461:476 sodium hydroxide 461:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 0 46 theme agricultural 150:161 arg1 products 167:174 agricultural by- products 150:174 agricultural by- products 150:174 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 0 47 theme pomace 72:77 arg1 flour 79:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 0 48 theme Syrah 60:64 arg1 flour 79:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 7 49 theme conventional 1200:1211 arg1 methods 1213:1219 the conventional methods 1196:1219 the conventional methods 1196:1219 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 3 50 theme enzymatic 660:668 arg1 cocktail 681:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Enzymatic production was also evaluated using xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 and Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail. 30066395 1 51 dep BACKGROUND 177:186 arg1 was 209:211 was 209:211 was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 209:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 3 52 theme Viscozyme® 649:658 arg1 cocktail 681:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail 649:688 Enzymatic production was also evaluated using xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger 3T5B8 and Viscozyme® enzymatic commercial cocktail. 30066395 1 53 theme Brazilian 310:318 arg1 pomace 332:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 7 54 theme cocktails 1149:1157 arg1 alternative 1181:1191 an alternative 1178:1191 an alternative to the conventional methods 1178:1219 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 7 54 theme cocktails 1149:1157 arg1 use 1132:1134 The use 1128:1134 The use of enzymatic cocktails 1128:1157 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 7 55 theme pomace 1279:1284 arg1 extract 1286:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 0 56 theme by- 163:165 arg1 products 167:174 agricultural by- products 150:174 agricultural by- products 150:174 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 4 57 dep RESULTS 691:697 arg1 allowed 719:725 allowed 719:725 allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively 719:821 RESULTS Chemical extraction allowed to recover 21.8-74.6% and 5.2-96.3% of total XOS for acidic and alkaline processes respectively. 30066395 2 58 theme pomace 492:497 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 58 theme pomace 492:497 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 58 theme pomace 492:497 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 8 59 theme Chemical 1313:1320 arg1 Industry 1322:1329 Chemical Industry 1313:1329 Chemical Industry 1313:1329 © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. 30066395 2 60 theme flour/solvent 499:511 arg1 ratio 518:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio 482:522 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 60 theme flour/solvent 499:511 arg1 concentration 427:439 the concentration 423:439 the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide 423:476 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 2 60 theme flour/solvent 499:511 arg1 variables 543:551 the dependent variables 529:551 the dependent variables 529:551 Chemical processes were performed using a rotatable central composite design where the concentration of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide and the grape pomace flour/solvent mass ratio were the dependent variables. 30066395 0 61 dep production 10:19 arg1 alternative 94:104 a green alternative 86:104 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 0:175 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 6 62 theme Syrah 1068:1072 arg1 flour 1087:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 Syrah grape pomace flour 1068:1091 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 7 63 theme sustainable 1261:1271 arg1 extract 1286:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 5 64 theme XOS 884:886 arg1 % 873:873 up to 88.68 ± 0.12% 855:873 up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase 855:901 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 64 theme XOS 884:886 arg1 XOS 884:886 total XOS 878:886 total XOS using xylanase 878:901 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 5 64 theme XOS 884:886 arg1 % 925:925 up to 84.09 ± 2.40% 907:925 up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® 907:941 Enzymatic production extracted up to 88.68 ± 0.12% of total XOS using xylanase and up to 84.09 ± 2.40% with Viscozyme® . 30066395 0 65 theme grape 66:70 arg1 flour 79:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour 50:83 Enzymatic production of xylooligosaccharides from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace flour: a green alternative to conventional methods for adding value to agricultural by- products. 30066395 1 66 theme Syrah 320:324 arg1 pomace 332:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 Brazilian Syrah grape pomace 310:337 BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine the most favorable conditions for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from Brazilian Syrah grape pomace. 30066395 6 67 theme major 1110:1114 arg1 by-product 1116:1125 this major by-product 1105:1125 this major by-product 1105:1125 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 30066395 7 68 theme eco-friendly 1244:1255 arg1 extract 1286:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract 1241:1292 The use of enzymatic cocktails demonstrated to be an alternative to the conventional methods, allowing to obtain an eco-friendly and sustainable grape pomace extract. 30066395 6 69 theme high-added-value 1025:1040 arg1 molecules 1042:1050 high-added-value molecules 1025:1050 high-added-value molecules 1025:1050 CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated different feasible methods to produce high-added-value molecules, i.e. XOS, from Syrah grape pomace flour, valorizing this major by-product. 29486116 7 0 theme Controlled 1442:1451 arg1 alkylation 1453:1462 Controlled alkylation 1442:1462 Controlled alkylation of a prepolymer 1442:1478 Controlled alkylation of a prepolymer thus highlights the potential to induce and enhance the hydrogel property. 29486116 2 1 theme hydrophobic 642:652 arg1 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 2 1 theme hydrophobic 642:652 arg1 probe 654:658 a hydrophobic probe 640:658 a hydrophobic probe 640:658 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 5 2 theme loading-release 1175:1189 arg1 behavior 1191:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 6 3 theme cationic 1381:1388 arg1 nature 1390:1395 the cationic nature 1377:1395 the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel 1377:1439 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 2 4 from self-assembly 479:491 arg1 solution 605:612 aqueous solution 597:612 aqueous solution 597:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 2 5 from solution 605:612 arg1 self-assembly 479:491 self-assembly 479:491 self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 479:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 0 6 theme methacrylate 80:91 arg1 Copolymer 94:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 5 7 theme dextran 1155:1161 arg1 roles 1129:1133 The roles 1125:1133 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels 1125:1281 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 4 8 dep tough 1064:1068 arg1 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 8 dep tough 1064:1068 arg1 hydrogels 994:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 8 dep tough 1064:1068 arg1 modulus 1089:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 1 9 theme Key 200:202 arg1 incapability 239:250 incapability 239:250 incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 239:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 9 theme Key 200:202 arg1 issues 204:209 Key issues 200:209 Key issues of injectable hydrogels 200:233 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 3 10 theme graft-poly[ 901:911 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 5 11 from roles 1129:1133 arg1 behavior 1213:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 11 from roles 1129:1133 arg1 behavior 1191:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 11 from roles 1129:1133 arg1 property 1257:1264 the mechanical property 1242:1264 the mechanical property of the hydrogels 1242:1281 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 11 from roles 1129:1133 arg1 time 1232:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 2 12 theme ethyl 564:568 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 1 13 theme high 376:379 arg1 swelling 387:394 high water swelling 376:394 high water swelling 376:394 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 2 14 theme antifungal 689:698 arg1 drug 700:703 a hydrophobic antifungal drug 675:703 a hydrophobic antifungal drug 675:703 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 2 14 theme antifungal 689:698 arg1 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 1 15 theme drugs 304:308 arg1 insolubility 288:299 insolubility 288:299 insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 288:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 0 16 theme Copolymer 94:102 arg1 Self-Assembly 0:12 Self-Assembly 0:12 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 0:102 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 1 17 theme water 381:385 arg1 swelling 387:394 high water swelling 376:394 high water swelling 376:394 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 2 18 theme hydrophobic 677:687 arg1 drug 700:703 a hydrophobic antifungal drug 675:703 a hydrophobic antifungal drug 675:703 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 2 18 theme hydrophobic 677:687 arg1 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 griseofulvin 661:672 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 3 19 theme methacrylate 935:946 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 0 20 theme Drug 141:144 arg1 Delivery 146:153 Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery 117:153 Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery 117:153 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 3 21 theme chloride 770:777 arg1 glycol 804:809 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) 760:810 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 760:816 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 21 theme chloride 770:777 arg1 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 6 22 theme DNA 1327:1329 arg1 hydrogel 1348:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 5 23 theme hydrogels 1273:1281 arg1 property 1257:1264 the mechanical property 1242:1264 the mechanical property of the hydrogels 1242:1281 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 23 theme hydrogels 1273:1281 arg1 behavior 1191:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 23 theme hydrogels 1273:1281 arg1 behavior 1213:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 5 23 theme hydrogels 1273:1281 arg1 time 1232:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 3 24 theme -linked-PEG 948:958 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 0 25 theme Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic 117:139 arg1 Delivery 146:153 Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery 117:153 Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery 117:153 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 3 26 theme copolymer 850:858 arg1 solution 860:867 copolymer solution 850:867 copolymer solution 850:867 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 27 theme guest 827:831 arg1 molecules 833:841 the guest molecules 823:841 the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution 823:867 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 28 theme ethyl 929:933 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 2 29 theme 2-dimethylamino 548:562 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 4 30 theme kPa 1077:1079 arg1 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 30 theme kPa 1077:1079 arg1 hydrogels 994:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 30 theme kPa 1077:1079 arg1 modulus 1089:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 2 31 theme long-chain 506:515 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 5 32 theme degradation 1201:1211 arg1 behavior 1213:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 degradation behavior 1201:1220 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 2 33 theme graft-poly[ 536:546 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 2 34 dep long-chain 506:515 arg1 alkylated 517:525 alkylated 517:525 alkylated 517:525 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 1 35 theme injectable 214:223 arg1 hydrogels 225:233 injectable hydrogels 214:233 injectable hydrogels 214:233 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 36 from insolubility 288:299 arg1 solution 332:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 36 from insolubility 288:299 arg1 matrix 364:369 hydrogel matrix 355:369 hydrogel matrix 355:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 37 theme aqueous 313:319 arg1 solution 332:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 38 theme hydrogels 225:233 arg1 incapability 239:250 incapability 239:250 incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 239:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 38 theme hydrogels 225:233 arg1 issues 204:209 Key issues 200:209 Key issues of injectable hydrogels 200:233 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 0 39 theme Alkylated 27:35 arg1 Copolymer 94:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 1 40 theme prepolymer 321:330 arg1 solution 332:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 aqueous prepolymer solution 313:339 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 5 41 theme mechanical 1246:1255 arg1 property 1257:1264 the mechanical property 1242:1264 the mechanical property of the hydrogels 1242:1281 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 4 42 theme storage 1081:1087 arg1 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 42 theme storage 1081:1087 arg1 hydrogels 994:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 42 theme storage 1081:1087 arg1 modulus 1089:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 3 43 theme terminated 779:788 arg1 glycol 804:809 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) 760:810 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 760:816 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 43 theme terminated 779:788 arg1 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 2 44 theme copolymer 584:592 arg1 self-assembly 479:491 self-assembly 479:491 self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 479:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 3 45 theme conetwork 960:968 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 4 46 theme release 1025:1031 arg1 kinetics 1033:1040 zero order release kinetics 1014:1040 zero order release kinetics 1014:1040 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 6 47 theme hydrogel 1432:1439 arg1 nature 1390:1395 the cationic nature 1377:1395 the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel 1377:1439 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 3 48 theme poly 790:793 arg1 glycol 804:809 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) 760:810 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 760:816 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 48 theme poly 790:793 arg1 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 0 49 theme Conetwork 169:177 arg1 Properties 188:197 Conetwork Hydrogel Properties 169:197 Conetwork Hydrogel Properties 169:197 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 3 50 theme activated 760:768 arg1 glycol 804:809 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) 760:810 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 760:816 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 50 theme activated 760:768 arg1 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 7 51 theme hydrogel 1536:1543 arg1 property 1545:1552 the hydrogel property 1532:1552 the hydrogel property 1532:1552 Controlled alkylation of a prepolymer thus highlights the potential to induce and enhance the hydrogel property. 29486116 3 52 theme ethylene 795:802 arg1 glycol 804:809 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) 760:810 activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 760:816 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 3 52 theme ethylene 795:802 arg1 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 PEG 813:815 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 2 53 theme methacrylate 570:581 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 1 54 theme poor 412:415 arg1 properties 444:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 5 55 theme alkyl 1138:1142 arg1 chains 1144:1149 alkyl chains 1138:1149 alkyl chains 1138:1149 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 1 56 theme loading 255:261 arg1 drugs 275:279 loading hydrophobic drugs 255:279 loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 255:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 5 57 theme drug 1170:1173 arg1 behavior 1191:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 the drug loading-release behavior 1166:1198 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 6 58 theme hybrid 1331:1336 arg1 hydrogel 1348:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 1 59 theme mechanical 417:426 arg1 properties 444:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 6 60 theme composite 1338:1346 arg1 hydrogel 1348:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 DNA hybrid composite hydrogel 1327:1355 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 3 61 theme glycol 804:809 arg1 Addition 748:755 Addition 748:755 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution 748:867 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 0 62 theme Hydrogel 179:186 arg1 Properties 188:197 Conetwork Hydrogel Properties 169:197 Conetwork Hydrogel Properties 169:197 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 4 63 theme order 1019:1023 arg1 kinetics 1033:1040 zero order release kinetics 1014:1040 zero order release kinetics 1014:1040 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 3 64 theme injectable 881:890 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 1 65 theme hydrogel 355:362 arg1 matrix 364:369 hydrogel matrix 355:369 hydrogel matrix 355:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 66 theme bioadhesive 432:442 arg1 properties 444:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 412:453 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 4 67 dep bioadhesive 1102:1112 arg1 kPa 1119:1121 8-9 kPa 1115:1121 8-9 kPa 1115:1121 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 3 68 theme dextran- 892:899 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 1 69 theme hydrophobic 263:273 arg1 drugs 275:279 loading hydrophobic drugs 255:279 loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 255:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 2 70 theme aqueous 597:603 arg1 solution 605:612 aqueous solution 597:612 aqueous solution 597:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 6 71 theme prepolymer 1404:1413 arg1 solution 1415:1422 the prepolymer solution 1400:1422 the prepolymer solution 1400:1422 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 5 72 theme gelation 1223:1230 arg1 time 1232:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 gelation time 1223:1235 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 4 73 theme alkylated 984:992 arg1 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 tough 1064:1068 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 73 theme alkylated 984:992 arg1 hydrogels 994:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels 980:1002 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 4 73 theme alkylated 984:992 arg1 modulus 1089:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 50-54 kPa storage modulus 1071:1095 The alkylated hydrogels exhibited zero order release kinetics and were mechanically tough (50-54 kPa storage modulus) and bioadhesive (8-9 kPa). 29486116 1 74 theme drugs 275:279 arg1 incapability 239:250 incapability 239:250 incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 239:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 74 theme drugs 275:279 arg1 issues 204:209 Key issues 200:209 Key issues of injectable hydrogels 200:233 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 1 74 theme drugs 275:279 arg1 swelling 387:394 high water swelling 376:394 high water swelling 376:394 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 0 75 theme ethyl 74:78 arg1 Copolymer 94:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer 17:102 Self-Assembly of Partially Alkylated Dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] Copolymer Facilitating Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Drug Delivery and Improving Conetwork Hydrogel Properties. 29486116 6 76 theme solution 1415:1422 arg1 nature 1390:1395 the cationic nature 1377:1395 the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel 1377:1439 Additionally, DNA hybrid composite hydrogel was formed owing to the cationic nature of the prepolymer solution and the hydrogel. 29486116 1 77 theme due 281:283 arg1 drugs 275:279 loading hydrophobic drugs 255:279 loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix 255:369 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 2 78 theme dextran- 527:534 arg1 copolymer 584:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer 496:592 partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution 496:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 29486116 5 79 theme chains 1144:1149 arg1 roles 1129:1133 The roles 1125:1133 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels 1125:1281 The roles of alkyl chains and dextran on the drug loading-release behavior, degradation behavior, gelation time, and the mechanical property of the hydrogels have been studied in details. 29486116 1 80 dep incapability 239:250 arg1 leads 403:407 leads 403:407 leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties 403:453 Key issues of injectable hydrogels are incapability of loading hydrophobic drugs due to insolubility of drugs in aqueous prepolymer solution as well as in hydrogel matrix, and high water swelling, which leads to poor mechanical and bioadhesive properties. 29486116 7 81 theme prepolymer 1469:1478 arg1 alkylation 1453:1462 Controlled alkylation 1442:1462 Controlled alkylation of a prepolymer 1442:1478 Controlled alkylation of a prepolymer thus highlights the potential to induce and enhance the hydrogel property. 29486116 3 82 theme 2-dimethylamino 913:927 arg1 hydrogel 970:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel 878:977 Addition of activated chloride terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the guest molecules loaded copolymer solution produced an injectable dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]-linked-PEG conetwork hydrogel. 29486116 2 83 from copolymer 584:592 arg1 solution 605:612 aqueous solution 597:612 aqueous solution 597:612 Herein, we report that self-assembly of partially long-chain alkylated dextran- graft-poly[(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] copolymer in aqueous solution could encapsulate pyrene, a hydrophobic probe, griseofulvin, a hydrophobic antifungal drug, and ornidazole, a hydrophilic antibiotic. 30129324 2 0 theme group 602:606 arg1 group 595:599 pure CPC scaffold group 577:599 pure CPC scaffold group (group A) 577:609 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 0 theme group 602:606 arg1 A 608:608 group A 602:608 group A 602:608 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 1 theme CPC∶10 756:761 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 767:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 1 theme CPC∶10 756:761 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 9 2 theme living 2474:2479 arg1 cells 2481:2485 living cells 2474:2485 living cells 2474:2485 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 16 3 theme bone 4338:4341 arg1 properties 4295:4304 the mechanical properties 4280:4304 the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone 4280:4341 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 15 4 theme bone 3834:3837 arg1 volume 3839:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 5 theme cranial 453:459 arg1 defects 461:467 cranial defects 453:467 cranial defects in rats 453:475 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 10 6 theme significant 2907:2917 arg1 difference 2919:2928 no significant difference 2904:2928 no significant difference 2904:2928 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 7 dep groups 2769:2774 arg1 groups 2769:2774 groups B, C, and D 2769:2786 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2769:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 7 dep groups 2769:2774 arg1 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 7 dep groups 2769:2774 arg1 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 7 dep groups 2769:2774 arg1 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 14 8 theme new 3738:3740 arg1 bone 3742:3745 the new bone 3734:3745 the new bone in groups C and D 3734:3763 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 8 theme new 3738:3740 arg1 higher 3783:3788 higher 3783:3788 higher 3783:3788 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 2 9 theme mixed 799:803 arg1 D 827:827 group D 821:827 group D 821:827 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 9 theme mixed 799:803 arg1 experiment 539:548 the experiment 535:548 the experiment 535:548 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 9 theme mixed 799:803 arg1 group 814:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group 787:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D) 787:828 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 8 10 theme group 2283:2287 arg1 A 2289:2289 group A 2283:2289 group A 2283:2289 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 11 theme kit 1144:1146 arg1 method 1158:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 5 12 theme 3-month-old 1499:1509 arg1 rats 1531:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 15 13 dep groups 3887:3892 arg1 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 13 dep groups 3887:3892 arg1 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 13 dep groups 3887:3892 arg1 groups 3887:3892 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 13 dep groups 3887:3892 arg1 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 6 14 theme volume 1820:1825 arg1 percentage 1797:1806 the percentage 1793:1806 the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization 1793:1863 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 2 15 theme CPC∶10 612:617 arg1 chitosan 623:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan 612:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 612:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 15 theme CPC∶10 612:617 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 18 16 theme osteogenic 4512:4521 arg1 requirements 4532:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements 4493:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair 4493:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 7 17 theme group 2080:2084 arg1 P<0.05 2090:2095 P<0.05 2090:2095 P<0.05 2090:2095 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 17 theme group 2080:2084 arg1 C 2086:2086 group C 2080:2086 group C ( P<0.05) 2080:2096 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 13 18 theme new 3556:3558 arg1 tissue 3565:3570 new bone tissue 3556:3570 new bone tissue in the matrix 3556:3584 Osteoblasts and neovascularization were surrounded by new bone tissue in the matrix, and osteoblasts were arranged on the new bone boundary. 30129324 15 19 dep groups 4052:4057 arg1 C 4059:4059 C 4059:4059 C 4059:4059 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 19 dep groups 4052:4057 arg1 groups 4052:4057 groups C and D 4052:4065 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 4052:4075 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 19 dep groups 4052:4057 arg1 D 4065:4065 D 4065:4065 D 4065:4065 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 20 theme A 2196:2196 arg1 time 2186:2189 culture time 2178:2189 culture time 2178:2189 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 20 theme A 2196:2196 arg1 values 2198:2203 the A values 2192:2203 the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C 2192:2306 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 21 theme red 2983:2985 arg1 staining 2987:2994 Alizarin red staining 2974:2994 Alizarin red staining 2974:2994 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 22 dep groups 2861:2866 arg1 D 2871:2871 D 2871:2871 D 2871:2871 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 22 dep groups 2861:2866 arg1 C 2868:2868 C 2868:2868 C 2868:2868 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 12 23 from experiments 3385:3395 arg1 animals 3400:3406 animals 3400:3406 animals 3400:3406 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 18 24 theme materials 4560:4568 arg1 requirements 4532:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements 4493:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair 4493:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 2 25 theme wt 685:686 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 688:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 677:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 677:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 25 theme wt 685:686 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 5 26 theme scaffold 1657:1664 arg1 materials 1666:1674 scaffold materials 1657:1674 scaffold materials 1657:1674 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 9 27 theme cells 2481:2485 arg1 proportion 2460:2469 the proportion 2456:2469 the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2456:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 27 theme cells 2481:2485 arg1 higher 2544:2549 higher 2544:2549 higher 2544:2549 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 28 theme novel 219:223 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 10 29 theme group 2845:2849 arg1 A 2851:2851 group A 2845:2851 group A 2845:2851 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 30 dep groups 3151:3156 arg1 C 3161:3161 C 3161:3161 C 3161:3161 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 30 dep groups 3151:3156 arg1 D 3168:3168 D 3168:3168 D 3168:3168 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 30 dep groups 3151:3156 arg1 B 3158:3158 B 3158:3158 B 3158:3158 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 30 dep groups 3151:3156 arg1 groups 3151:3156 groups B, C, and D 3151:3168 groups B, C, and D 3151:3168 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 31 theme scaffold 726:733 arg1 C 748:748 group C 742:748 group C 742:748 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 31 theme scaffold 726:733 arg1 group 735:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 708:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 708:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 7 32 dep groups 1953:1958 arg1 groups 1953:1958 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 32 dep groups 1953:1958 arg1 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 32 dep groups 1953:1958 arg1 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 32 dep groups 1953:1958 arg1 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 0 33 theme biomaterial 147:157 arg1 effect 27:32 effect 27:32 effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells 27:90 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 0 33 theme biomaterial 147:157 arg1 properties 12:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 1 34 theme calcium 234:240 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 11 35 theme A 3139:3139 arg1 values 3141:3146 the A values 3135:3146 the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days 3135:3186 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 35 theme A 3139:3139 arg1 higher 3207:3212 higher 3207:3212 higher 3207:3212 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 36 theme relative 2736:2743 arg1 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 36 theme relative 2736:2743 arg1 expressions 2745:2755 the relative expressions 2732:2755 the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2732:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 37 theme ratio 714:718 arg1 C 748:748 group C 742:748 group C 742:748 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 37 theme ratio 714:718 arg1 group 735:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 708:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 708:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 15 38 from volume 3839:3844 arg1 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 38 from volume 3839:3844 arg1 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 38 from volume 3839:3844 arg1 groups 3887:3892 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 38 from volume 3839:3844 arg1 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 39 theme alkaline 1170:1177 arg1 phosphatase 1179:1189 the alkaline phosphatase 1166:1189 the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1166:1204 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 39 theme alkaline 1170:1177 arg1 ALP 1192:1194 ALP 1192:1194 ALP 1192:1194 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 7 40 theme group 2012:2016 arg1 A 2018:2018 group A 2012:2018 group A 2012:2018 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 1 41 theme cement 252:257 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 2 42 theme CPC 582:584 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 42 theme CPC 582:584 arg1 group 595:599 pure CPC scaffold group 577:599 pure CPC scaffold group (group A) 577:609 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 42 theme CPC 582:584 arg1 A 608:608 group A 602:608 group A 602:608 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 17 43 theme repair 4443:4448 arg1 good 4475:4478 good 4475:4478 good 4475:4478 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 17 43 theme repair 4443:4448 arg1 effect 4450:4455 the repair effect 4439:4455 the repair effect of bone tissue 4439:4470 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 2 44 theme group 667:671 arg1 group 660:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 635:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 635:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 44 theme group 667:671 arg1 B 673:673 group B 667:673 group B 667:673 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 16 45 theme cortical 4309:4316 arg1 bone 4318:4321 cortical bone 4309:4321 cortical bone 4309:4321 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 1 46 theme bone 423:426 arg1 efficacy 441:448 their bone regeneration efficacy 417:448 their bone regeneration efficacy 417:448 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 9 47 dep groups 2490:2495 arg1 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 47 dep groups 2490:2495 arg1 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 47 dep groups 2490:2495 arg1 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 47 dep groups 2490:2495 arg1 groups 2490:2495 groups B, C, and D 2490:2507 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2490:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 18 48 theme biological 4497:4506 arg1 requirements 4532:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements 4493:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair 4493:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 2 49 theme scaffold 515:522 arg1 materials 524:532 the different scaffold materials 501:532 the different scaffold materials 501:532 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 17 50 theme tissue 4465:4470 arg1 good 4475:4478 good 4475:4478 good 4475:4478 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 17 50 theme tissue 4465:4470 arg1 effect 4450:4455 the repair effect 4439:4455 the repair effect of bone tissue 4439:4470 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 16 51 dep Conclusion 4078:4087 arg1 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 16 51 dep Conclusion 4078:4087 arg1 properties 4104:4113 The mechanical properties 4089:4113 The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4089:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 2 52 theme CPC∶10 677:682 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 688:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 677:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 677:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 52 theme CPC∶10 677:682 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 14 53 from bone 3742:3745 arg1 groups 3750:3755 groups C and D 3750:3763 groups C and D 3750:3763 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 53 from bone 3742:3745 arg1 D 3763:3763 D 3763:3763 D 3763:3763 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 53 from bone 3742:3745 arg1 C 3757:3757 C 3757:3757 C 3757:3757 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 54 dep groups 3659:3664 arg1 C 3669:3669 C 3669:3669 C 3669:3669 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 54 dep groups 3659:3664 arg1 D 3676:3676 D 3676:3676 D 3676:3676 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 54 dep groups 3659:3664 arg1 B 3666:3666 B 3666:3666 B 3666:3666 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 54 dep groups 3659:3664 arg1 groups 3659:3664 groups B, C, and D 3659:3676 groups B, C, and D 3659:3676 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 0 55 theme pluripotent 69:79 arg1 cells 86:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 1 56 theme pluripotent 356:366 arg1 cells 373:377 induced pluripotent stem cells 348:377 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 348:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 56 theme pluripotent 356:366 arg1 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 3 57 dep properties 842:851 arg1 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 57 dep properties 842:851 arg1 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 57 dep properties 842:851 arg1 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 57 dep properties 842:851 arg1 properties 842:851 Mechanical properties 831:851 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold 831:942 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 57 dep properties 842:851 arg1 strength 862:869 bending strength 854:869 bending strength 854:869 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 11 58 from groups 3254:3259 arg1 P<0.05 3287:3292 P<0.05 3287:3292 P<0.05 3287:3292 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 58 from groups 3254:3259 arg1 B 3283:3283 group B 3277:3283 group B ( P<0.05) 3277:3293 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 59 theme red 1434:1436 arg1 staining 1438:1445 the alizarin red staining 1421:1445 the alizarin red staining 1421:1445 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 13 60 from tissue 3565:3570 arg1 matrix 3579:3584 the matrix 3575:3584 the matrix 3575:3584 Osteoblasts and neovascularization were surrounded by new bone tissue in the matrix, and osteoblasts were arranged on the new bone boundary. 30129324 7 61 dep groups 2028:2033 arg1 D 2038:2038 D 2038:2038 D 2038:2038 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 61 dep groups 2028:2033 arg1 C 2035:2035 C 2035:2035 C 2035:2035 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 ALP 1267:1269 ALP 1267:1269 ALP 1267:1269 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 OC 1308:1309 OC 1308:1309 OC 1308:1309 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg1 days 1411:1414 1, 7, and 14 days 1398:1414 1, 7, and 14 days 1398:1414 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 typeⅠ 1288:1292 collagen typeⅠ 1279:1292 collagen typeⅠ 1279:1292 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 osteocalcin 1295:1305 osteocalcin 1295:1305 osteocalcin (OC) 1295:1310 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 Runx2 1272:1276 Runx2 1272:1276 Runx2 1272:1276 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 staining 1230:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 detection 1256:1264 quantitative detection 1243:1264 quantitative detection 1243:1264 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 62 located detected 1386:1393 arg2 activity 1197:1204 the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1166:1204 the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1166:1204 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 0 63 theme cells 86:90 arg1 effect 27:32 effect 27:32 effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells 27:90 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 0 63 theme cells 86:90 arg1 properties 12:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 1 64 theme cells 373:377 arg1 activity 311:318 biological activity 300:318 biological activity 300:318 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 64 theme cells 373:377 arg1 effects 337:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 64 theme cells 373:377 arg1 properties 201:210 the mechanical properties 186:210 the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 186:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 65 theme mechanical 190:199 arg1 properties 201:210 the mechanical properties 186:210 the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 186:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 17 66 theme new 4391:4393 arg1 material 4425:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 16 67 theme CPC 4242:4244 arg1 material 4255:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 15 68 theme group 3946:3950 arg1 A 3952:3952 group A 3946:3952 group A 3946:3952 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 time 2186:2189 culture time 2178:2189 culture time 2178:2189 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 groups 2208:2213 groups B, C, and D 2208:2225 groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A 2208:2289 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 values 2198:2203 the A values 2192:2203 the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C 2192:2306 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 69 from days 2239:2242 arg1 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 0 70 theme chitosan/whisker/calcium 95:118 arg1 biomaterial 147:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 8 71 theme CCK-8 2099:2103 arg1 assay 2105:2109 CCK-8 assay 2099:2109 CCK-8 assay 2099:2109 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 72 dep groups 3962:3967 arg1 groups 3962:3967 groups C and D 3962:3975 groups C and D 3962:3975 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 72 dep groups 3962:3967 arg1 D 3975:3975 D 3975:3975 D 3975:3975 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 72 dep groups 3962:3967 arg1 C 3969:3969 C 3969:3969 C 3969:3969 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 16 73 theme reinforced 4126:4135 arg1 scaffold 4147:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold 4118:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4118:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 proportion 2460:2469 the proportion 2456:2469 the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2456:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 higher 2544:2549 higher 2544:2549 higher 2544:2549 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 groups 2490:2495 groups B, C, and D 2490:2507 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2490:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 74 from days 2521:2524 arg1 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 7 75 theme group 2064:2068 arg1 D 2070:2070 group D 2064:2070 group D 2064:2070 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 2 76 theme % 618:618 arg1 chitosan 623:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan 612:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 612:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 76 theme % 618:618 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 9 77 from days 2607:2610 arg1 P<0.05 2630:2635 P<0.05 2630:2635 P<0.05 2630:2635 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 77 from days 2607:2610 arg1 B 2626:2626 group B 2620:2626 group B ( P<0.05) 2620:2636 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 77 from days 2607:2610 arg1 groups 2590:2595 groups C, D 2590:2600 groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05) 2590:2636 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 78 from density 3854:3860 arg1 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 78 from density 3854:3860 arg1 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 78 from density 3854:3860 arg1 groups 3887:3892 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 78 from density 3854:3860 arg1 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 0 79 theme cement 130:135 arg1 biomaterial 147:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 7 80 from groups 1953:1958 arg1 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 80 from groups 1953:1958 arg1 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 80 from groups 1953:1958 arg1 Results 1866:1872 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus 1866:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D 1866:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 80 from groups 1953:1958 arg1 strength 1886:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 80 from groups 1953:1958 arg1 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 11 81 dep groups 3254:3259 arg1 C 3261:3261 C 3261:3261 C 3261:3261 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 81 dep groups 3254:3259 arg1 groups 3254:3259 groups C and D 3254:3267 groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05) 3254:3293 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 81 dep groups 3254:3259 arg1 D 3267:3267 D 3267:3267 D 3267:3267 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 82 from groups 2861:2866 arg1 P<0.05 2891:2896 P<0.05 2891:2896 P<0.05 2891:2896 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 82 from groups 2861:2866 arg1 B 2887:2887 group B 2881:2887 group B ( P<0.05) 2881:2897 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 83 theme mixed 645:649 arg1 group 660:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 635:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 635:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 83 theme mixed 645:649 arg1 B 673:673 group B 667:673 group B 667:673 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 7 84 theme bending 1878:1884 arg1 Results 1866:1872 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus 1866:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D 1866:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 84 theme bending 1878:1884 arg1 strength 1886:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 15 85 theme new 3830:3832 arg1 volume 3839:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 86 from neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 D 3904:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 86 from neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 B 3894:3894 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 86 from neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 groups 3887:3892 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 groups B, C, and D 3887:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 86 from neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 C 3897:3897 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 0 87 theme [Mechanical 0:10 arg1 properties 12:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties 0:21 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 18 88 theme defect 4582:4587 arg1 repair 4589:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 2 89 theme 2∶1 635:637 arg1 group 660:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 635:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 635:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 89 theme 2∶1 635:637 arg1 B 673:673 group B 667:673 group B 667:673 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 10 90 from expressions 2745:2755 arg1 groups 2769:2774 groups B, C, and D 2769:2786 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2769:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 90 from expressions 2745:2755 arg1 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 90 from expressions 2745:2755 arg1 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 90 from expressions 2745:2755 arg1 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 91 from groups 3887:3892 arg1 volume 3839:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 91 from groups 3887:3892 arg1 density 3854:3860 the density 3850:3860 the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D 3850:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 12 92 theme new 3424:3426 arg1 bone 3428:3431 the new bone 3420:3431 the new bone in each group 3420:3445 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 10 93 from genes 2760:2764 arg1 groups 2769:2774 groups B, C, and D 2769:2786 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2769:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 93 from genes 2760:2764 arg1 days 2800:2803 7 and 14 days 2791:2803 7 and 14 days 2791:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 93 from genes 2760:2764 arg1 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 93 from genes 2760:2764 arg1 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 93 from genes 2760:2764 arg1 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 94 theme collagen 1279:1286 arg1 typeⅠ 1288:1292 collagen typeⅠ 1279:1292 collagen typeⅠ 1279:1292 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 1 95 theme osteogenesis 324:335 arg1 effects 337:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 8 96 dep groups 2208:2213 arg1 groups 2208:2213 groups B, C, and D 2208:2225 groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A 2208:2289 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 96 dep groups 2208:2213 arg1 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 96 dep groups 2208:2213 arg1 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 96 dep groups 2208:2213 arg1 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 97 theme Methods 478:484 arg1 Ac- 486:488 Methods Ac- 478:488 Methods Ac- 478:488 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 9 98 theme fluorescence 2422:2433 arg1 staining 2435:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 2412:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 2412:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 99 from proportion 2460:2469 arg1 days 2521:2524 7 and 14 days 2512:2524 7 and 14 days 2512:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 99 from proportion 2460:2469 arg1 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 D 2507:2507 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 99 from proportion 2460:2469 arg1 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 B 2497:2497 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 99 from proportion 2460:2469 arg1 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 C 2500:2500 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 99 from proportion 2460:2469 arg1 groups 2490:2495 groups B, C, and D 2490:2507 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2490:2524 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 13 100 theme new 3624:3626 arg1 boundary 3633:3640 the new bone boundary 3620:3640 the new bone boundary 3620:3640 Osteoblasts and neovascularization were surrounded by new bone tissue in the matrix, and osteoblasts were arranged on the new bone boundary. 30129324 4 101 theme morphogenetic 1322:1334 arg1 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 18 102 theme activity 4523:4530 arg1 requirements 4532:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements 4493:4543 the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair 4493:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 0 103 from effect 27:32 arg1 osteodifferentiation 37:56 osteodifferentiation 37:56 osteodifferentiation 37:56 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 3 104 theme bending 854:860 arg1 properties 842:851 Mechanical properties 831:851 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold 831:942 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 104 theme bending 854:860 arg1 strength 862:869 bending strength 854:869 bending strength 854:869 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 5 105 theme skull 1573:1577 arg1 model 1591:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 6 106 theme defects 1771:1777 arg1 repair 1756:1761 the repair 1752:1761 the repair of bone defects 1752:1777 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 11 107 from deposition 3024:3033 arg1 surface 3042:3048 the surface 3038:3048 the surface of scaffolds 3038:3061 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 108 theme cell 2123:2126 arg1 activity 2128:2135 cell activity 2123:2135 cell activity 2123:2135 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 109 theme group 742:746 arg1 C 748:748 group C 742:748 group C 742:748 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 109 theme group 742:746 arg1 group 735:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 708:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 708:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 6 110 used used 1736:1739 arg2 staining 1723:1730 HE staining 1720:1730 HE staining 1720:1730 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 16 111 theme cancellous 4327:4336 arg1 bone 4338:4341 cancellous bone 4327:4341 cancellous bone 4327:4341 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 5 112 theme defect 1584:1589 arg1 model 1591:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 7 113 dep Results 1866:1872 arg1 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 113 dep Results 1866:1872 arg1 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 113 dep Results 1866:1872 arg1 Results 1866:1872 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus 1866:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D 1866:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 113 dep Results 1866:1872 arg1 strength 1886:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 113 dep Results 1866:1872 arg1 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 11 114 theme time 3129:3132 arg1 prolongation 3105:3116 the prolongation 3101:3116 the prolongation of culture time 3101:3132 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 767:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 chitosan 623:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan 612:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 612:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 A 608:608 group A 602:608 group A 602:608 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 688:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 677:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 677:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 115 dep groups 569:574 arg1 group 595:599 pure CPC scaffold group 577:599 pure CPC scaffold group (group A) 577:609 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 11 116 theme group 3277:3281 arg1 P<0.05 3287:3292 P<0.05 3287:3292 P<0.05 3287:3292 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 116 theme group 3277:3281 arg1 B 3283:3283 group B 3277:3283 group B ( P<0.05) 3277:3293 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 117 theme % 762:762 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 767:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 117 theme % 762:762 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 118 theme wt 764:765 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 767:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 756:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 118 theme wt 764:765 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 15 119 theme significant 4011:4021 arg1 difference 4023:4032 no significant difference 4008:4032 no significant difference 4008:4032 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 120 theme CCK-8 1151:1155 arg1 method 1158:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 7 121 from groups 2028:2033 arg1 P<0.05 2090:2095 P<0.05 2090:2095 P<0.05 2090:2095 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 121 from groups 2028:2033 arg1 C 2086:2086 group C 2080:2086 group C ( P<0.05) 2080:2096 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 121 from groups 2028:2033 arg1 D 2070:2070 group D 2064:2070 group D 2064:2070 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 121 from groups 2028:2033 arg1 B 2054:2054 group B 2048:2054 group B 2048:2054 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 10 122 dep groups 2948:2953 arg1 groups 2948:2953 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2948:2971 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2948:2971 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 122 dep groups 2948:2953 arg1 D 2961:2961 D 2961:2961 D 2961:2961 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 122 dep groups 2948:2953 arg1 C 2955:2955 C 2955:2955 C 2955:2955 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 122 dep groups 2948:2953 arg1 P>0.05 2965:2970 P>0.05 2965:2970 P>0.05 2965:2970 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 123 theme material 276:283 arg1 activity 311:318 biological activity 300:318 biological activity 300:318 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 123 theme material 276:283 arg1 effects 337:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 osteogenesis effects 324:343 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 123 theme material 276:283 arg1 properties 201:210 the mechanical properties 186:210 the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 186:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 6 124 theme density 1835:1841 arg1 percentage 1797:1806 the percentage 1793:1806 the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization 1793:1863 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 3 125 theme elasticity 915:924 arg1 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 125 theme elasticity 915:924 arg1 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 125 theme elasticity 915:924 arg1 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 125 theme elasticity 915:924 arg1 properties 842:851 Mechanical properties 831:851 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold 831:942 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 125 theme elasticity 915:924 arg1 strength 862:869 bending strength 854:869 bending strength 854:869 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 1 126 from defects 461:467 arg1 rats 472:475 rats 472:475 rats 472:475 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 2 127 theme scaffold 805:812 arg1 D 827:827 group D 821:827 group D 821:827 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 127 theme scaffold 805:812 arg1 experiment 539:548 the experiment 535:548 the experiment 535:548 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 127 theme scaffold 805:812 arg1 group 814:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group 787:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D) 787:828 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 15 128 theme volume 3839:3844 arg1 higher 3925:3930 higher 3925:3930 higher 3925:3930 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 128 theme volume 3839:3844 arg1 percentage 3816:3825 The percentage 3812:3825 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D 3812:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 129 theme group 2620:2624 arg1 P<0.05 2630:2635 P<0.05 2630:2635 P<0.05 2630:2635 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 129 theme group 2620:2624 arg1 B 2626:2626 group B 2620:2626 group B ( P<0.05) 2620:2636 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 18 130 from requirements 4532:4543 arg1 repair 4589:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 2 131 theme scaffold 586:593 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 131 theme scaffold 586:593 arg1 group 595:599 pure CPC scaffold group 577:599 pure CPC scaffold group (group A) 577:609 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 131 theme scaffold 586:593 arg1 A 608:608 group A 602:608 group A 602:608 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 11 132 from values 3141:3146 arg1 C 3161:3161 C 3161:3161 C 3161:3161 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 132 from values 3141:3146 arg1 D 3168:3168 D 3168:3168 D 3168:3168 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 132 from values 3141:3146 arg1 B 3158:3158 B 3158:3158 B 3158:3158 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 132 from values 3141:3146 arg1 groups 3151:3156 groups B, C, and D 3151:3168 groups B, C, and D 3151:3168 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 133 theme 2∶1∶1 708:712 arg1 C 748:748 group C 742:748 group C 742:748 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 133 theme 2∶1∶1 708:712 arg1 group 735:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 708:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 708:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 134 theme ratio 793:797 arg1 D 827:827 group D 821:827 group D 821:827 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 134 theme ratio 793:797 arg1 experiment 539:548 the experiment 535:548 the experiment 535:548 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 134 theme ratio 793:797 arg1 group 814:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group 787:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D) 787:828 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 4 135 theme counting 1135:1142 arg1 method 1158:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 8 136 theme time 2186:2189 arg1 increase 2166:2173 the increase 2162:2173 the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D 2162:2309 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 5 137 theme male 1511:1514 arg1 rats 1531:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 6 138 theme bone 1815:1818 arg1 volume 1820:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 4 139 theme fluorescence 1217:1228 arg1 staining 1230:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 3 140 theme scaffold 935:942 arg1 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 140 theme scaffold 935:942 arg1 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 140 theme scaffold 935:942 arg1 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 140 theme scaffold 935:942 arg1 properties 842:851 Mechanical properties 831:851 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold 831:942 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 140 theme scaffold 935:942 arg1 strength 862:869 bending strength 854:869 bending strength 854:869 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 13 141 theme bone 3560:3563 arg1 tissue 3565:3570 new bone tissue 3556:3570 new bone tissue in the matrix 3556:3584 Osteoblasts and neovascularization were surrounded by new bone tissue in the matrix, and osteoblasts were arranged on the new bone boundary. 30129324 11 142 theme calcium 3016:3022 arg1 deposition 3024:3033 the red calcium deposition 3008:3033 the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds 3008:3061 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 143 theme BMP-2 1347:1351 arg1 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 7 144 theme elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 modulus 1928:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 144 theme elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 work-of-fracture 1896:1911 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 144 theme elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 Results 1866:1872 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus 1866:1934 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D 1866:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 144 theme elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 strength 1886:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 The bending strength 1874:1893 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 144 theme elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 hardness 1914:1921 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 16 145 theme bone 4318:4321 arg1 properties 4295:4304 the mechanical properties 4280:4304 the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone 4280:4341 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 18 146 theme implant 4552:4558 arg1 materials 4560:4568 the implant materials 4548:4568 the implant materials 4548:4568 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 4 147 theme iPS-mesenchymal 1009:1023 arg1 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 147 theme iPS-mesenchymal 1009:1023 arg1 cells 1030:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells 992:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 992:1041 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 10 148 from days 2800:2803 arg1 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 D 2786:2786 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 148 from days 2800:2803 arg1 groups 2769:2774 groups B, C, and D 2769:2786 groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2769:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 148 from days 2800:2803 arg1 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 C 2779:2779 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 148 from days 2800:2803 arg1 genes 2760:2764 genes 2760:2764 genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2760:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 148 from days 2800:2803 arg1 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 B 2776:2776 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 5 149 theme materials 1666:1674 arg1 kinds 1648:1652 4 kinds 1646:1652 4 kinds of scaffold materials 1646:1674 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 4 150 theme gene 1354:1357 arg1 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 1 151 theme compound 225:232 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 14 152 from bone 3651:3654 arg1 C 3669:3669 C 3669:3669 C 3669:3669 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 152 from bone 3651:3654 arg1 D 3676:3676 D 3676:3676 D 3676:3676 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 152 from bone 3651:3654 arg1 B 3666:3666 B 3666:3666 B 3666:3666 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 152 from bone 3651:3654 arg1 groups 3659:3664 groups B, C, and D 3659:3676 groups B, C, and D 3659:3676 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 2 153 theme mixed 720:724 arg1 C 748:748 group C 742:748 group C 742:748 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 153 theme mixed 720:724 arg1 group 735:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 708:739 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 708:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 14 154 theme group 3721:3725 arg1 A 3727:3727 group A 3721:3727 group A 3721:3727 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 9 155 theme significant 2646:2656 arg1 difference 2658:2667 no significant difference 2643:2667 no significant difference 2643:2667 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 156 dep groups 2590:2595 arg1 C 2597:2597 C 2597:2597 C 2597:2597 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 156 dep groups 2590:2595 arg1 D 2600:2600 D 2600:2600 D 2600:2600 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 157 theme phosphate 242:250 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 7 158 from Results 1866:1872 arg1 groups 1953:1958 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 158 from Results 1866:1872 arg1 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 158 from Results 1866:1872 arg1 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 158 from Results 1866:1872 arg1 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 16 159 theme mechanical 4284:4293 arg1 properties 4295:4304 the mechanical properties 4280:4304 the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone 4280:4341 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 8 160 theme group 2319:2323 arg1 B 2325:2325 group B 2319:2325 group B 2319:2325 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 12 161 theme scaffold 3483:3490 arg1 material 3492:3499 scaffold material 3483:3499 scaffold material 3483:3499 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 5 162 used used 1541:1544 arg2 rats 1531:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 2 163 theme pure 577:580 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 163 theme pure 577:580 arg1 group 595:599 pure CPC scaffold group 577:599 pure CPC scaffold group (group A) 577:609 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 163 theme pure 577:580 arg1 A 608:608 group A 602:608 group A 602:608 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 4 164 theme phosphatase 1179:1189 arg1 activity 1197:1204 the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1166:1204 the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity 1166:1204 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 1 165 theme regeneration 428:439 arg1 efficacy 441:448 their bone regeneration efficacy 417:448 their bone regeneration efficacy 417:448 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 5 166 theme Dawley 1524:1529 arg1 rats 1531:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats 1487:1534 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 17 167 theme bone 4460:4463 arg1 tissue 4465:4470 bone tissue 4460:4470 bone tissue 4460:4470 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 10 168 theme genes 2760:2764 arg1 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 168 theme genes 2760:2764 arg1 expressions 2745:2755 the relative expressions 2732:2755 the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2732:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 169 theme % 683:683 arg1 chitosan∶whisker 688:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 677:703 CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C) 677:749 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 169 theme % 683:683 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 4 170 theme generation 998:1007 arg1 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 170 theme generation 998:1007 arg1 cells 1030:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells 992:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 992:1041 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 14 171 dep groups 3750:3755 arg1 groups 3750:3755 groups C and D 3750:3763 groups C and D 3750:3763 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 171 dep groups 3750:3755 arg1 D 3763:3763 D 3763:3763 D 3763:3763 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 14 171 dep groups 3750:3755 arg1 C 3757:3757 C 3757:3757 C 3757:3757 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 4 172 theme quantitative 1243:1254 arg1 detection 1256:1264 quantitative detection 1243:1264 quantitative detection 1243:1264 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 0 173 theme stem 81:84 arg1 cells 86:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 13 174 theme bone 3628:3631 arg1 boundary 3633:3640 the new bone boundary 3620:3640 the new bone boundary 3620:3640 Osteoblasts and neovascularization were surrounded by new bone tissue in the matrix, and osteoblasts were arranged on the new bone boundary. 30129324 8 175 dep increased 2147:2155 arg1 P<0.05 2329:2334 P<0.05 2329:2334 P<0.05 2329:2334 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 176 theme different 505:513 arg1 materials 524:532 the different scaffold materials 501:532 the different scaffold materials 501:532 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 1 177 dep activity 311:318 arg1 the 296:298 the 296:298 the 296:298 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 11 178 theme scaffolds 3053:3061 arg1 surface 3042:3048 the surface 3038:3048 the surface of scaffolds 3038:3061 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 179 theme red 3012:3014 arg1 deposition 3024:3033 the red calcium deposition 3008:3033 the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds 3008:3061 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 180 theme stem 368:371 arg1 cells 373:377 induced pluripotent stem cells 348:377 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 348:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 180 theme stem 368:371 arg1 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 6 181 theme bone 1766:1769 arg1 defects 1771:1777 bone defects 1766:1777 bone defects 1766:1777 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 12 182 theme In 3370:3371 arg1 experiments 3385:3395 In vivo repair experiments 3370:3395 In vivo repair experiments in animals 3370:3406 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 0 183 from properties 12:21 arg1 osteodifferentiation 37:56 osteodifferentiation 37:56 osteodifferentiation 37:56 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 4 184 theme alizarin 1425:1432 arg1 staining 1438:1445 the alizarin red staining 1421:1445 the alizarin red staining 1421:1445 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 11 185 theme significant 3303:3313 arg1 difference 3315:3324 no significant difference 3300:3324 no significant difference 3300:3324 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 186 theme Live/Dead 1207:1215 arg1 staining 1230:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 1207:1237 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 0 187 theme phosphate 120:128 arg1 biomaterial 147:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 11 188 theme group 3228:3232 arg1 A 3234:3234 group A 3228:3234 group A ( P<0.05) 3228:3244 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 188 theme group 3228:3232 arg1 P<0.05 3238:3243 P<0.05 3238:3243 P<0.05 3238:3243 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 14 189 theme group 3803:3807 arg1 B 3809:3809 group B 3803:3809 group B 3803:3809 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 16 190 theme composite 4137:4145 arg1 scaffold 4147:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold 4118:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4118:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 10 191 theme group 2881:2885 arg1 P<0.05 2891:2896 P<0.05 2891:2896 P<0.05 2891:2896 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 191 theme group 2881:2885 arg1 B 2887:2887 group B 2881:2887 group B ( P<0.05) 2881:2897 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 192 dep groups 2687:2692 arg1 D 2700:2700 D 2700:2700 D 2700:2700 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 192 dep groups 2687:2692 arg1 C 2694:2694 C 2694:2694 C 2694:2694 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 192 dep groups 2687:2692 arg1 P>0.05 2704:2709 P>0.05 2704:2709 P>0.05 2704:2709 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 192 dep groups 2687:2692 arg1 groups 2687:2692 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2687:2710 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2687:2710 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 17 193 theme reinforced 4395:4404 arg1 material 4425:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 16 194 theme pure 4237:4240 arg1 material 4255:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 2 195 theme wt 620:621 arg1 chitosan 623:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan 612:630 CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 612:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 195 theme wt 620:621 arg1 groups 569:574 4 groups 567:574 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker 567:782 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 9 196 theme group 2564:2568 arg1 A 2570:2570 group A 2564:2570 group A ( P<0.05) 2564:2580 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 196 theme group 2564:2568 arg1 P<0.05 2574:2579 P<0.05 2574:2579 P<0.05 2574:2579 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 0 197 theme composite 137:145 arg1 biomaterial 147:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial 95:157 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 4 198 theme fifth 992:996 arg1 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 198 theme fifth 992:996 arg1 cells 1030:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells 992:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 992:1041 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 12 199 dep In 3370:3371 arg1 vivo 3373:3376 vivo 3373:3376 vivo 3373:3376 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 17 200 theme scaffold 4416:4423 arg1 material 4425:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 16 201 theme scaffold 4246:4253 arg1 material 4255:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 pure CPC scaffold material 4237:4262 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 2 202 theme scaffold 651:658 arg1 group 660:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 635:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 635:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 202 theme scaffold 651:658 arg1 B 673:673 group B 667:673 group B 667:673 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 12 203 from bone 3428:3431 arg1 group 3441:3445 each group 3436:3445 each group 3436:3445 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 15 204 theme group 3985:3989 arg1 B 3991:3991 group B 3985:3991 group B ( P<0.05) 3985:4001 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 204 theme group 3985:3989 arg1 P<0.05 3995:4000 P<0.05 3995:4000 P<0.05 3995:4000 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 205 theme Alizarin 2974:2981 arg1 staining 2987:2994 Alizarin red staining 2974:2994 Alizarin red staining 2974:2994 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 16 206 theme composite 4166:4174 arg1 chitosan 4176:4183 composite chitosan 4166:4183 composite chitosan 4166:4183 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 17 207 theme composite 4406:4414 arg1 material 4425:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 the new reinforced composite scaffold material 4387:4432 iPS-MSCs is attaching and proliferating on the new reinforced composite scaffold material, and the repair effect of bone tissue is good. 30129324 7 208 theme group 2048:2052 arg1 B 2054:2054 group B 2048:2054 group B 2048:2054 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 2 209 theme ratio 639:643 arg1 group 660:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group 635:664 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B) 635:674 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 209 theme ratio 639:643 arg1 B 673:673 group B 667:673 group B 667:673 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 4 210 located detected 1452:1459 arg1 days 1481:1484 1, 7, 14, and 21 days 1464:1484 1, 7, 14, and 21 days 1464:1484 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 210 located detected 1452:1459 arg2 days 1122:1125 14 days 1119:1125 14 days 1119:1125 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 210 located detected 1452:1459 arg2 1 1106:1106 1 1106:1106 1 1106:1106 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 1 211 theme biological 300:309 arg1 activity 311:318 biological activity 300:318 biological activity 300:318 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 6 212 theme new 1811:1813 arg1 volume 1820:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 14 213 theme new 3647:3649 arg1 bone 3651:3654 The new bone 3643:3654 The new bone in groups B, C, and D 3643:3676 The new bone in groups B, C, and D increased significantly when compared with group A, and the new bone in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B. 30129324 2 214 theme group 821:825 arg1 D 827:827 group D 821:827 group D 821:827 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 214 theme group 821:825 arg1 group 814:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group 787:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D) 787:828 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 18 215 theme bone 4577:4580 arg1 repair 4589:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 the bone defect repair 4573:4594 It can meet the biological and osteogenic activity requirements of the implant materials in the bone defect repair. 30129324 4 216 theme stem 1025:1028 arg1 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 MSCs 1037:1040 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 216 theme stem 1025:1028 arg1 cells 1030:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells 992:1034 fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 992:1041 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 7 217 from elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 groups 1953:1958 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 groups B, C, and D 1953:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 217 from elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 C 1963:1963 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 217 from elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 D 1970:1970 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 7 217 from elasticity 1939:1948 arg1 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 B 1960:1960 Results The bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B, and in group D than in group C ( P<0.05). 30129324 8 218 theme significant 2345:2355 arg1 difference 2357:2366 no significant difference 2342:2366 no significant difference 2342:2366 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 219 dep groups 3344:3349 arg1 C 3351:3351 C 3351:3351 C 3351:3351 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 219 dep groups 3344:3349 arg1 P>0.05 3361:3366 P>0.05 3361:3366 P>0.05 3361:3366 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 219 dep groups 3344:3349 arg1 groups 3344:3349 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 3344:3367 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 3344:3367 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 219 dep groups 3344:3349 arg1 D 3357:3357 D 3357:3357 D 3357:3357 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 3 220 theme Mechanical 831:840 arg1 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 hardness 890:897 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 220 theme Mechanical 831:840 arg1 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 modulus 904:910 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 220 theme Mechanical 831:840 arg1 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 work-of-fracture 872:887 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 220 theme Mechanical 831:840 arg1 properties 842:851 Mechanical properties 831:851 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold 831:942 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 3 220 theme Mechanical 831:840 arg1 strength 862:869 bending strength 854:869 bending strength 854:869 Mechanical properties (bending strength, work-of-fracture, hardness, and modulus of elasticity) of each scaffold were detected. 30129324 11 221 from days 3183:3186 arg1 values 3141:3146 the A values 3135:3146 the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days 3135:3186 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 11 221 from days 3183:3186 arg1 higher 3207:3212 higher 3207:3212 higher 3207:3212 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 9 222 theme Live/Dead 2412:2420 arg1 staining 2435:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 2412:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining 2412:2442 Live/Dead fluorescence staining showed that the proportion of living cells in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C, D at 7 days than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 223 theme cell 1130:1133 arg1 method 1158:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method 1130:1163 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 6 224 theme HE 1720:1721 arg1 staining 1723:1730 HE staining 1720:1730 HE staining 1720:1730 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 8 225 theme culture 2178:2184 arg1 time 2186:2189 culture time 2178:2189 culture time 2178:2189 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 225 theme culture 2178:2184 arg1 values 2198:2203 the A values 2192:2203 the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C 2192:2306 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 225 theme culture 2178:2184 arg1 D 2309:2309 D 2309:2309 D 2309:2309 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 12 226 theme material 3492:3499 arg1 space 3474:3478 the space 3470:3478 the space of scaffold material 3470:3499 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 0 227 theme induced 61:67 arg1 cells 86:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 induced pluripotent stem cells 61:90 [Mechanical properties and effect on osteodifferentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells of chitosan/whisker/calcium phosphate cement composite biomaterial]. 30129324 6 228 theme neovascularization 1846:1863 arg1 volume 1820:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 new bone volume 1811:1825 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 6 228 theme neovascularization 1846:1863 arg1 density 1835:1841 the density 1831:1841 the density of neovascularization 1831:1863 After 8 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the repair of bone defects and to detect the percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization. 30129324 16 229 theme mechanical 4093:4102 arg1 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 16 229 theme mechanical 4093:4102 arg1 properties 4104:4113 The mechanical properties 4089:4113 The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4089:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 12 230 theme repair 3378:3383 arg1 experiments 3385:3395 In vivo repair experiments 3370:3395 In vivo repair experiments in animals 3370:3406 In vivo repair experiments in animals showed that the new bone in each group was mainly filled with the space of scaffold material. 30129324 5 231 theme mm-long 1565:1571 arg1 model 1591:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 8 232 dep groups 2386:2391 arg1 C 2393:2393 C 2393:2393 C 2393:2393 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 232 dep groups 2386:2391 arg1 P>0.05 2403:2408 P>0.05 2403:2408 P>0.05 2403:2408 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 232 dep groups 2386:2391 arg1 groups 2386:2391 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2386:2409 groups C and D ( P>0.05) 2386:2409 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 232 dep groups 2386:2391 arg1 D 2399:2399 D 2399:2399 D 2399:2399 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 233 theme bone 1317:1320 arg1 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 234 dep detected 1094:1101 arg1 values 1068:1073 values 1068:1073 values 1068:1073 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 4 234 dep detected 1094:1101 arg1 A 1065:1065 A 1065:1065 A 1065:1065 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 1 235 theme induced 348:354 arg1 cells 373:377 induced pluripotent stem cells 348:377 induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold 348:403 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 1 235 theme induced 348:354 arg1 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 iPS 380:382 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 8 236 dep groups 2299:2304 arg1 C 2306:2306 C 2306:2306 groups C 2299:2306 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 2 237 theme 2∶1∶2 787:791 arg1 D 827:827 group D 821:827 group D 821:827 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 237 theme 2∶1∶2 787:791 arg1 experiment 539:548 the experiment 535:548 the experiment 535:548 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 2 237 theme 2∶1∶2 787:791 arg1 group 814:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group 787:818 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D) 787:828 Methods Ac- cording to the different scaffold materials, the experiment was divided into 4 groups: pure CPC scaffold group (group A), CPC∶10% wt chitosan as 2∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group B), CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶1 ratio mixed scaffold group (group C), and CPC∶10% wt chitosan∶whisker as 2∶1∶2 ratio mixed scaffold group (group D). 30129324 16 238 theme scaffold 4147:4154 arg1 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 better 4217:4222 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 16 238 theme scaffold 4147:4154 arg1 properties 4104:4113 The mechanical properties 4089:4113 The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4089:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 5 239 theme bone 1579:1582 arg1 model 1591:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model 1559:1595 Twenty-four 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish the 8 mm-long skull bone defect model, and were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=6); 4 kinds of scaffold materials were implanted respectively. 30129324 15 240 theme neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 volume 3839:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 new bone volume 3830:3844 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 240 theme neovascularization 3865:3882 arg1 density 3854:3860 the density 3850:3860 the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D 3850:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 4 241 theme protein 1336:1342 arg1 expressions 1359:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions 1317:1369 The scaffolds were cultured with fifth generation iPS-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the absorbance ( A) values of each group were detected at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method; the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Live/Dead fluorescence staining and quantitative detection, ALP, Runx2, collagen typeⅠ, osteocalcin (OC), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene expressions by RT-PCR were detected at 1, 7, and 14 days; and the alizarin red staining were detected at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days. 30129324 11 242 theme culture 3121:3127 arg1 time 3129:3132 culture time 3121:3132 culture time 3121:3132 Alizarin red staining showed that the red calcium deposition on the surface of scaffolds gradually deepened and thickened with the prolongation of culture time; the A values in groups B, C, and D at 14 and 21 days were significantly higher than those in group A ( P<0.05), and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 243 theme CPC 260:262 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 30129324 16 244 theme new 4122:4124 arg1 scaffold 4147:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold 4118:4154 the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC 4118:4201 Conclusion The mechanical properties of the new reinforced composite scaffold made from composite chitosan, whisker, and CPC are obviously better than that of pure CPC scaffold material, which can meet the mechanical properties of cortical bone and cancellous bone. 30129324 10 245 from groups 2769:2774 arg1 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 higher 2824:2829 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 10 245 from groups 2769:2774 arg1 expressions 2745:2755 the relative expressions 2732:2755 the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days 2732:2803 RT-PCR showed that the relative expressions of genes in groups B, C, and D at 7 and 14 days were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 246 theme density 3854:3860 arg1 higher 3925:3930 higher 3925:3930 higher 3925:3930 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 15 246 theme density 3854:3860 arg1 percentage 3816:3825 The percentage 3812:3825 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D 3812:3904 The percentage of new bone volume and the density of neovascularization in groups B, C, and D were significantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C and D than in group B ( P<0.05); but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 days 2239:2242 3, 7, 14 days 2230:2242 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A 2230:2289 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 groups 2208:2213 groups B, C, and D 2208:2225 groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A 2208:2289 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 B 2215:2215 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 C 2218:2218 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 D 2225:2225 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 8 247 from values 2198:2203 arg1 groups 2299:2304 groups C 2299:2306 groups C 2299:2306 CCK-8 assay showed that cell activity gradually increased with the increase of culture time, the A values in groups B, C, and D at 3, 7, 14 days were signifiantly higher than those in group A, and in groups C, D than in group B ( P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between groups C and D ( P>0.05). 30129324 1 248 theme biological 265:274 arg1 material 276:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material 215:283 Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the novel compound calcium phosphate cement (CPC) biological material as well as the biological activity and osteogenesis effects of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) seeding on scaffold and compare their bone regeneration efficacy in cranial defects in rats. 31568850 1 0 from bw 373:374 arg1 composition 394:404 microbiota composition 383:404 microbiota composition 383:404 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 0 from bw 373:374 arg1 propulsion 414:423 the propulsion 410:423 the propulsion of intestinal contents 410:446 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 1 with feeding 763:769 arg1 oligosaccharides 776:791 oligosaccharides 776:791 oligosaccharides 776:791 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 1 2 from composition 394:404 arg1 gut 455:457 the gut 451:457 the gut of mice 451:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 2 from composition 394:404 arg1 dosages 325:331 dosages 325:331 dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice 325:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 0 3 theme gut 80:82 arg1 microbiota 84:93 gut microbiota 80:93 gut microbiota 80:93 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 3 4 theme mice 955:958 arg1 serum 946:950 the serum 942:950 the serum of mice 942:958 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 1 5 dep formulation 211:221 arg1 ratios 277:282 relative ratios 268:282 relative ratios 268:282 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 5 dep formulation 211:221 arg1 m/m/m/m 313:319 m/m/m/m 313:319 m/m/m/m 313:319 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 5 dep formulation 211:221 arg1 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 6 from concentration 846:858 arg1 intestine 876:884 the intestine 872:884 the intestine 872:884 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 7 theme cytokines 929:937 arg1 concentration 912:924 the concentration 908:924 the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice 908:958 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 8 theme fatty 709:713 arg1 acid 715:718 short-chain fatty acid 697:718 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 8 theme fatty 709:713 arg1 SCFA 721:724 SCFA 721:724 SCFA 721:724 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 2 9 theme other 587:591 arg1 groups 593:598 other groups 587:598 other groups 587:598 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 10 theme study 145:149 arg1 aim 133:135 The aim 129:135 The aim of this study 129:149 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 11 theme seed 800:803 arg1 LOS 823:825 LOS 823:825 LOS 823:825 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 11 theme seed 800:803 arg1 oligosaccharides 805:820 Lotus seed oligosaccharides 794:820 Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) 794:826 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 12 theme acid 715:718 arg1 producers 737:745 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 1 13 from bw 354:355 arg1 composition 394:404 microbiota composition 383:404 microbiota composition 383:404 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 13 from bw 354:355 arg1 propulsion 414:423 the propulsion 410:423 the propulsion of intestinal contents 410:446 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 0 14 from dosages 39:45 arg1 oligosaccharides 11:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides 0:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity 0:69 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 2 15 theme mice 659:662 arg1 cecum 646:650 the cecum 642:650 the cecum of the mice 642:662 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 0 16 theme seed 6:9 arg1 oligosaccharides 11:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides 0:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity 0:69 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 2 17 theme microbiota 558:567 arg1 diversity 569:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 18 theme intestinal 428:437 arg1 contents 439:446 intestinal contents 428:446 intestinal contents 428:446 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 19 theme Lotus 794:798 arg1 LOS 823:825 LOS 823:825 LOS 823:825 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 19 theme Lotus 794:798 arg1 oligosaccharides 805:820 Lotus seed oligosaccharides 794:820 Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) 794:826 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 0 20 theme Lotus 0:4 arg1 oligosaccharides 11:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides 0:26 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity 0:69 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 2 21 theme gut 554:556 arg1 diversity 569:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 22 theme contents 439:446 arg1 composition 394:404 microbiota composition 383:404 microbiota composition 383:404 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 22 theme contents 439:446 arg1 propulsion 414:423 the propulsion 410:423 the propulsion of intestinal contents 410:446 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 23 from dosages 325:331 arg1 composition 394:404 microbiota composition 383:404 microbiota composition 383:404 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 23 from dosages 325:331 arg1 propulsion 414:423 the propulsion 410:423 the propulsion of intestinal contents 410:446 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 4 24 with combination 1011:1021 arg1 starch 1038:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 2 25 theme water 498:502 arg1 content 504:510 fecal water content 492:510 fecal water content 492:510 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 26 theme lotus 182:186 arg1 oligosaccharides 193:208 lotus seed oligosaccharides 182:208 lotus seed oligosaccharides 182:208 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 2 27 theme fecal 492:496 arg1 content 504:510 fecal water content 492:510 fecal water content 492:510 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 28 theme bw 354:355 arg1 dosages 325:331 dosages 325:331 dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice 325:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 29 theme seed 188:191 arg1 oligosaccharides 193:208 lotus seed oligosaccharides 182:208 lotus seed oligosaccharides 182:208 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 0 30 theme various 31:37 arg1 dosages 39:45 various dosages 31:45 various dosages 31:45 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 1 31 theme relative 268:275 arg1 ratios 277:282 relative ratios 268:282 relative ratios 268:282 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 31 theme relative 268:275 arg1 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 288:310 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 2 32 theme fauna 633:637 arg1 number 623:628 a large number 615:628 a large number of fauna 615:637 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 33 theme oligosaccharides 193:208 arg1 effects 171:177 the effects 167:177 the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides 167:208 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 0 34 theme prebiotic 52:60 arg1 activity 62:69 prebiotic activity 52:69 prebiotic activity 52:69 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 1 35 theme 2.49 g/d/kg 361:371 arg1 bw 373:374 2.49 g/d/kg bw 361:374 2.49 g/d/kg bw 361:374 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 0 36 with oligosaccharides 11:26 arg1 activity 62:69 prebiotic activity 52:69 prebiotic activity 52:69 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 2 37 theme treated 525:531 arg1 mice 533:536 treated mice 525:536 treated mice 525:536 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 1 38 theme bw 373:374 arg1 dosages 325:331 dosages 325:331 dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice 325:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 39 dep evaluate 158:165 arg1 formulation 211:221 formulation 211:221 formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443 211:310 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 40 from concentration 912:924 arg1 serum 946:950 the serum 942:950 the serum of mice 942:958 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 41 theme producers 737:745 arg1 number 687:692 the number 683:692 the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 683:745 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 42 theme same 672:675 arg1 time 677:680 the same time 668:680 the same time 668:680 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 0 43 from constipation 107:118 arg1 mice 123:126 mice 123:126 mice 123:126 Lotus seed oligosaccharides at various dosages with prebiotic activity regulate gut microbiota and relieve constipation in mice. 31568850 1 44 theme mice 462:465 arg1 gut 455:457 the gut 451:457 the gut of mice 451:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 4 45 with LOS 1004:1006 arg1 starch 1038:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 2 46 theme large 617:621 arg1 number 623:628 a large number 615:628 a large number of fauna 615:637 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 4 47 theme better 1051:1056 arg1 effect 1058:1063 a better effect 1049:1063 a better effect 1049:1063 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 4 48 theme resistant 1028:1036 arg1 starch 1038:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 resistant starch 1028:1043 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 1 49 dep composition 394:404 arg1 the 379:381 the 379:381 the 379:381 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 50 theme short-chain 697:707 arg1 acid 715:718 short-chain fatty acid 697:718 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 3 50 theme short-chain 697:707 arg1 SCFA 721:724 SCFA 721:724 SCFA 721:724 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 4 51 contain has 1045:1047 arg1 LOS 1004:1006 LOS 1004:1006 LOS 1004:1006 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 4 51 contain has 1045:1047 arg2 effect 1058:1063 a better effect 1049:1063 a better effect 1049:1063 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 4 51 contain has 1045:1047 arg1 combination 1011:1021 combination 1011:1021 combination 1011:1021 In conclusion, these findings suggest that LOS or combination with resistant starch has a better effect on relieving constipation. 31568850 1 52 theme microbiota 383:392 arg1 composition 394:404 microbiota composition 383:404 microbiota composition 383:404 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 3 53 theme bacterial 727:735 arg1 producers 737:745 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers 697:745 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 2 54 dep less 549:552 arg1 diversity 569:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 gut microbiota diversity 554:577 The results showed that fecal water content increased in treated mice; there was less gut microbiota diversity than in other groups; and there was a large number of fauna in the cecum of the mice. 31568850 3 55 theme SCFAs 863:867 arg1 concentration 846:858 the concentration 842:858 the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice 842:958 At the same time, the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) bacterial producers increased after feeding with oligosaccharides; Lotus seed oligosaccharides (LOS) also enhanced the concentration of SCFAs in the intestine, which also increased the concentration of cytokines in the serum of mice. 31568850 1 56 from propulsion 414:423 arg1 gut 455:457 the gut 451:457 the gut of mice 451:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 31568850 1 56 from propulsion 414:423 arg1 dosages 325:331 dosages 325:331 dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice 325:465 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lotus seed oligosaccharides (formulation consisting of LSO2, LSO3-1, LSO3-2 and LSO4; relative ratios are 1.107:0.554:0.183:0.443, m/m/m/m) at dosages of 0.42, 0.83 g/d/kg bw and 2.49 g/d/kg bw on the microbiota composition and the propulsion of intestinal contents in the gut of mice. 30905597 0 0 theme leukocyte 72:80 arg1 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 0 theme leukocyte 72:80 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 0 theme leukocyte 72:80 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 1 theme heterophilic 660:671 arg1 interactions 690:701 homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions 631:701 homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues 631:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 9 2 theme negative 1540:1547 arg1 cancer 1556:1561 triple negative breast cancer 1533:1561 triple negative breast cancer 1533:1561 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 0 3 theme activated 62:70 arg1 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 3 theme activated 62:70 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 3 theme activated 62:70 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 4 theme homophilic 631:640 arg1 interactions 690:701 homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions 631:701 homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues 631:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 0 5 theme cancer 158:163 arg1 growth 165:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 5 6 from silencing 882:890 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 9 7 theme breast 1549:1554 arg1 cancer 1556:1561 triple negative breast cancer 1533:1561 triple negative breast cancer 1533:1561 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 3 8 theme superfamily 580:590 arg1 ALCAM 540:544 ALCAM 540:544 ALCAM 540:544 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 3 8 theme superfamily 580:590 arg1 member 551:556 a member 549:556 a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues 549:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 0 9 theme adhesion 87:94 arg1 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 9 theme adhesion 87:94 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 9 theme adhesion 87:94 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 1 10 theme growth 313:318 arg1 arrest 320:325 growth arrest 313:325 growth arrest 313:325 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 5 11 theme glycan-dependent 1021:1036 arg1 fashion 1038:1044 a glycan-dependent fashion 1019:1044 a glycan-dependent fashion 1019:1044 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 8 12 theme Gal-8-mediated 1399:1412 arg1 adhesion 1419:1426 Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion 1399:1426 Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion 1399:1426 Importantly, we also found that cell sialylation controls Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion. 30905597 0 13 theme cell 82:85 arg1 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 ALCAM/CD166 106:116 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 13 theme cell 82:85 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 13 theme cell 82:85 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 2 14 theme endogenous 522:531 arg1 Gal-8 533:537 endogenous Gal-8 522:537 endogenous Gal-8 522:537 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 5 15 theme cell 961:964 arg1 adhesion 966:973 cell adhesion 961:973 cell adhesion 961:973 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 7 16 theme abundant 1291:1298 arg1 structures 1311:1320 abundant permissive structures 1291:1320 abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding 1291:1338 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 4 17 theme glycosylation-dependent 803:825 arg1 mechanisms 827:836 glycosylation-dependent mechanisms 803:836 glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions 803:865 Here we investigated the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions. 30905597 6 18 theme murine 1163:1168 arg1 model 1170:1174 a murine model 1161:1174 a murine model of triple negative breast cancer 1161:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 8 19 theme cell 1414:1417 arg1 adhesion 1419:1426 Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion 1399:1426 Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion 1399:1426 Importantly, we also found that cell sialylation controls Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion. 30905597 9 20 theme central 1470:1476 arg1 role 1478:1481 a central role 1468:1481 a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer 1468:1561 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 6 21 theme ALCAM 1075:1079 arg1 silencing 1081:1089 ALCAM silencing 1075:1089 ALCAM silencing 1075:1089 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 2 22 theme adhesion 449:456 arg1 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 22 theme adhesion 449:456 arg1 receptor 509:516 a receptor 507:516 a receptor for endogenous Gal-8 507:537 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 22 theme adhesion 449:456 arg1 molecule 458:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 424:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) 424:473 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 3 23 from interactions 690:701 arg1 tissues 716:722 different tissues 706:722 different tissues 706:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 5 24 theme Gal-8-coated 994:1005 arg1 surfaces 1007:1014 Gal-8-coated surfaces 994:1014 Gal-8-coated surfaces 994:1014 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 5 25 theme negative 922:929 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 0 26 theme Dual 0:3 arg1 knockdown 5:13 Dual knockdown 0:13 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), 0:118 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 27 dep homophilic 631:640 arg1 ALCAM-ALCAM 643:653 ALCAM-ALCAM 643:653 ALCAM-ALCAM 643:653 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 4 28 theme mechanisms 827:836 arg1 relevance 762:770 the physiologic relevance 746:770 the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions 746:865 Here we investigated the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions. 30905597 5 29 theme breast 931:936 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 0 30 theme Galectin-8 18:27 arg1 knockdown 5:13 Dual knockdown 0:13 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), 0:118 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 4 31 theme physiologic 750:760 arg1 relevance 762:770 the physiologic relevance 746:770 the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions 746:865 Here we investigated the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions. 30905597 5 32 theme cancer 938:943 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 7 33 theme Gal-8 1326:1330 arg1 binding 1332:1338 Gal-8 binding 1326:1338 Gal-8 binding 1326:1338 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 8 34 theme cell 1373:1376 arg1 sialylation 1378:1388 cell sialylation 1373:1388 cell sialylation 1373:1388 Importantly, we also found that cell sialylation controls Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion. 30905597 1 35 theme pathogen 339:346 arg1 recognition 348:358 pathogen recognition 339:358 pathogen recognition 339:358 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 6 36 theme reduced 1137:1143 arg1 growth 1151:1156 reduced tumor growth 1137:1156 reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer 1137:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 6 37 theme negative 1186:1193 arg1 cancer 1202:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 2 38 theme cell 444:447 arg1 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 38 theme cell 444:447 arg1 receptor 509:516 a receptor 507:516 a receptor for endogenous Gal-8 507:537 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 38 theme cell 444:447 arg1 molecule 458:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 424:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) 424:473 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 6 39 from growth 1151:1156 arg1 model 1170:1174 a murine model 1161:1174 a murine model of triple negative breast cancer 1161:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 9 40 theme Gal-8 1502:1506 arg1 role 1478:1481 a central role 1468:1481 a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer 1468:1561 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 2 41 theme leukocyte 434:442 arg1 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 41 theme leukocyte 434:442 arg1 receptor 509:516 a receptor 507:516 a receptor for endogenous Gal-8 507:537 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 41 theme leukocyte 434:442 arg1 molecule 458:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 424:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) 424:473 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 functions 272:280 cellular functions 263:280 cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation 263:391 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 autophagy 361:369 autophagy 361:369 autophagy 361:369 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 arrest 320:325 growth arrest 313:325 growth arrest 313:325 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 adhesion 292:299 adhesion 292:299 adhesion 292:299 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 apoptosis 328:336 apoptosis 328:336 apoptosis 328:336 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 immunomodulation 376:391 immunomodulation 376:391 immunomodulation 376:391 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 spreading 302:310 spreading 302:310 spreading 302:310 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 42 theme cellular 263:270 arg1 recognition 348:358 pathogen recognition 339:358 pathogen recognition 339:358 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 2 43 theme activated 424:432 arg1 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 ALCAM 468:472 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 43 theme activated 424:432 arg1 receptor 509:516 a receptor 507:516 a receptor for endogenous Gal-8 507:537 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 2 43 theme activated 424:432 arg1 molecule 458:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 424:465 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) 424:473 We have previously shown that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also known as CD166, serves as a receptor for endogenous Gal-8. 30905597 1 44 theme functions 272:280 arg1 modulator 250:258 a modulator 248:258 a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation 248:391 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 44 theme functions 272:280 arg1 Galectin-8 173:182 Galectin-8 173:182 Galectin-8 (Gal-8) 173:190 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 0 45 theme in 143:144 arg1 growth 165:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 46 theme immunoglobulin 565:578 arg1 superfamily 580:590 the immunoglobulin superfamily 561:590 the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues 561:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 4 47 theme association 787:797 arg1 relevance 762:770 the physiologic relevance 746:770 the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions 746:865 Here we investigated the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions. 30905597 5 48 theme ALCAM 895:899 arg1 silencing 882:890 silencing 882:890 silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 882:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 0 49 theme glycosylated 37:48 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 49 theme glycosylated 37:48 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 50 theme different 706:714 arg1 tissues 716:722 different tissues 706:722 different tissues 706:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 4 51 theme ALCAM-Gal-8 775:785 arg1 association 787:797 ALCAM-Gal-8 association 775:797 ALCAM-Gal-8 association 775:797 Here we investigated the physiologic relevance of ALCAM-Gal-8 association and glycosylation-dependent mechanisms governing these interactions. 30905597 7 52 theme permissive 1300:1309 arg1 structures 1311:1320 abundant permissive structures 1291:1320 abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding 1291:1338 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 7 53 theme ALCAM 1262:1266 arg1 N-glycosylation 1268:1282 endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1251:1282 endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1251:1282 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 0 54 theme breast 151:156 arg1 growth 165:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 in vivo breast cancer growth 143:170 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 9 55 dep Gal-8 1502:1506 arg1 both 1512:1515 both 1512:1515 both 1512:1515 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 6 56 theme cancer 1202:1207 arg1 model 1170:1174 a murine model 1161:1174 a murine model of triple negative breast cancer 1161:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 0 57 dep in 143:144 arg1 vivo 146:149 vivo 146:149 vivo 146:149 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 6 58 theme tumor 1145:1149 arg1 growth 1151:1156 reduced tumor growth 1137:1156 reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer 1137:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 6 59 theme breast 1195:1200 arg1 cancer 1202:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 5 60 theme triple 915:920 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 5 61 theme MDA-MB-231 904:913 arg1 cells 945:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells 904:949 We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion. 30905597 3 62 theme cell-cell 604:612 arg1 adhesion 614:621 cell-cell adhesion 604:621 cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues 604:722 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 0 63 gly glycosylated 37:48 arg1 molecule 96:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 58:103 the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) 58:117 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 0 63 gly glycosylated 37:48 arg1 ligand 50:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 its glycosylated ligand 33:55 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 9 64 theme ALCAM 1493:1497 arg1 role 1478:1481 a central role 1468:1481 a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer 1468:1561 Altogether, these findings demonstrate a central role of either ALCAM or Gal-8 (or both) in controlling triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 7 65 theme endogenous 1251:1260 arg1 N-glycosylation 1268:1282 endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1251:1282 endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1251:1282 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 7 66 theme structural 1220:1229 arg1 characterization 1231:1246 structural characterization 1220:1246 structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1220:1282 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 1 67 theme tandem-repeat'-type 196:214 arg1 galectin 216:223 a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin 193:223 a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin 193:223 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 1 67 theme tandem-repeat'-type 196:214 arg1 Galectin-8 173:182 Galectin-8 173:182 Galectin-8 (Gal-8) 173:190 Galectin-8 (Gal-8), a 'tandem-repeat'-type galectin, has been described as a modulator of cellular functions including adhesion, spreading, growth arrest, apoptosis, pathogen recognition, autophagy, and immunomodulation. 30905597 0 68 theme ligand 50:55 arg1 knockdown 5:13 Dual knockdown 0:13 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), 0:118 Dual knockdown of Galectin-8 and its glycosylated ligand, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166), synergistically delays in vivo breast cancer growth. 30905597 3 69 dep ALCAM-CD6 679:687 arg1 i.e. 674:677 i.e. 674:677 i.e. 674:677 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30905597 6 70 theme triple 1179:1184 arg1 cancer 1202:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 triple negative breast cancer 1179:1207 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 7 71 theme N-glycosylation 1268:1282 arg1 characterization 1231:1246 structural characterization 1220:1246 structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation 1220:1282 Moreover, structural characterization of endogenous ALCAM N-glycosylation showed abundant permissive structures for Gal-8 binding. 30905597 6 72 theme cell-cell 1106:1114 arg1 adhesion 1116:1123 cell-cell adhesion 1106:1123 cell-cell adhesion 1106:1123 Remarkably, either Gal-8 or ALCAM silencing also disrupted cell-cell adhesion, and led to reduced tumor growth in a murine model of triple negative breast cancer. 30905597 3 73 dep heterophilic 660:671 arg1 ALCAM-CD6 679:687 ALCAM-CD6 679:687 ALCAM-CD6 679:687 ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily involved in cell-cell adhesion through homophilic (ALCAM-ALCAM) and heterophilic (i.e. ALCAM-CD6) interactions in different tissues. 30181437 0 0 theme Useful 98:103 arg1 Electrodes 87:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes 65:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits 65:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 1 1 theme new 326:328 arg1 method 330:335 a new method 324:335 a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1 324:405 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 2 2 theme surface 555:561 arg1 development 523:533 the development 519:533 the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies 519:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 4 3 theme same 1051:1054 arg1 electrode 1065:1073 the same modified electrode 1047:1073 the same modified electrode 1047:1073 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 2 4 from detection 633:641 arg1 fruits 655:660 tropical fruits 646:660 tropical fruits 646:660 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 4 from detection 633:641 arg1 agraz 689:693 agraz 689:693 agraz 689:693 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 4 from detection 633:641 arg1 lemon 678:682 lemon 678:682 lemon 678:682 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 4 from detection 633:641 arg1 orange 670:675 orange 670:675 orange 670:675 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 4 5 theme detection 952:960 arg1 limit 943:947 The limit 939:947 The limit of detection 939:960 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 5 theme detection 952:960 arg1 L-1 976:978 0.07 µmol L-1 966:978 0.07 µmol L-1 966:978 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 2 6 theme electroactive 541:553 arg1 surface 555:561 an electroactive surface 538:561 an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies 538:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 1 7 theme s-1 403:405 arg1 rate 387:390 a scan rate 380:390 a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1 380:405 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 4 8 theme µmol 971:974 arg1 limit 943:947 The limit 939:947 The limit of detection 939:960 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 8 theme µmol 971:974 arg1 L-1 976:978 0.07 µmol L-1 966:978 0.07 µmol L-1 966:978 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 2 9 theme stripping 596:604 arg1 voltammetry 606:616 stripping voltammetry 596:616 stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies 596:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 5 10 theme known 1226:1230 arg1 concentration 1232:1244 a known concentration 1224:1244 a known concentration of rutin (RT) 1224:1258 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 6 11 theme possible 1385:1392 arg1 interference 1394:1405 possible interference 1385:1405 possible interference 1385:1405 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 1 12 theme cyclic 343:348 arg1 voltammetry 350:360 cyclic voltammetry 343:360 cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles 343:375 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 6 13 theme biological 1462:1471 arg1 compounds 1473:1481 organic and biological compounds 1450:1481 compounds 1473:1481 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 6 14 theme urine 1325:1329 arg1 chemistry 1331:1339 a urine chemistry control 1323:1347 a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT 1323:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 1 15 theme chitosan 272:279 arg1 composite 180:188 a composite 178:188 a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports 178:314 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 15 theme chitosan 272:279 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 238:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 193:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) 193:266 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 15 theme chitosan 272:279 arg1 chitosan 272:279 chitosan 272:279 chitosan (CS) 272:284 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 2 16 theme rutin 587:591 arg1 oxidation 574:582 the oxidation 570:582 the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies 570:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 3 17 theme electrochemical 833:847 arg1 spectroscopy 859:870 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 833:870 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 833:876 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 3 17 theme electrochemical 833:847 arg1 EIS 873:875 EIS 873:875 EIS 873:875 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 6 18 theme control 1341:1347 arg1 chemistry 1331:1339 a urine chemistry control 1323:1347 a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT 1323:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 2 19 theme usual 438:442 arg1 deposition 469:478 deposition 469:478 deposition 469:478 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 19 theme usual 438:442 arg1 methods 444:450 usual methods 438:450 usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential 438:502 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 19 theme usual 438:442 arg1 casting 460:466 casting 460:466 casting 460:466 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 19 theme usual 438:442 arg1 potential 494:502 constant potential 485:502 constant potential 485:502 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 6 20 theme organic 1450:1456 arg1 compounds 1473:1481 organic and biological compounds 1450:1481 compounds 1473:1481 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 4 21 theme measurements 1028:1039 arg1 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 21 theme measurements 1028:1039 arg1 deviation 1006:1014 the relative standard deviation 984:1014 the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode 984:1073 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 21 theme measurements 1028:1039 arg1 % 1083:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 1 22 theme composite 180:188 arg1 development 163:173 the development 159:173 the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports 159:314 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 6 23 theme metal 1484:1488 arg1 ions 1490:1493 metal ions 1484:1493 metal ions 1484:1493 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 5 24 theme modified 1164:1171 arg1 electrode 1173:1181 the same modified electrode 1155:1181 the same modified electrode 1155:1181 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 0 25 theme Chitosan 32:39 arg1 Liquids 51:57 Chitosan and Ionic Liquids 32:57 Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits 32:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 5 26 theme rutin 1249:1253 arg1 concentration 1232:1244 a known concentration 1224:1244 a known concentration of rutin (RT) 1224:1258 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 3 27 theme Raman 919:923 arg1 spectroscopy 925:936 Raman spectroscopy 919:936 Raman spectroscopy 919:936 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 2 28 with fruits 655:660 arg1 results 732:738 results 732:738 results similar to those reported in previous studies 732:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 0 29 theme Tropical 124:131 arg1 Fruits 133:138 Tropical Fruits 124:138 Tropical Fruits 124:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 3 30 theme impedance 849:857 arg1 spectroscopy 859:870 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 833:870 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 833:876 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 3 30 theme impedance 849:857 arg1 EIS 873:875 EIS 873:875 EIS 873:875 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 1 31 theme ionic 197:201 arg1 [BMIM 257:261 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 31 theme ionic 197:201 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 238:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 193:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) 193:266 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 0 32 theme Ionic 45:49 arg1 Liquids 51:57 Chitosan and Ionic Liquids 32:57 Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits 32:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 6 33 theme known 1361:1365 arg1 RT 1378:1379 RT 1378:1379 RT 1378:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 6 33 theme known 1361:1365 arg1 amounts 1367:1373 known amounts 1361:1373 known amounts of RT 1361:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 2 34 from methods 444:450 arg1 different 423:431 different 423:431 different 423:431 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 5 35 theme same 1159:1162 arg1 electrode 1173:1181 the same modified electrode 1155:1181 the same modified electrode 1155:1181 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 1 36 theme liquid 203:208 arg1 [BMIM 257:261 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 36 theme liquid 203:208 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 238:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 193:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) 193:266 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 2 37 theme constant 485:492 arg1 potential 494:502 constant potential 485:502 constant potential 485:502 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 3 38 theme scanning 879:886 arg1 SEM 909:911 SEM 909:911 SEM 909:911 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 3 38 theme scanning 879:886 arg1 microscopy 897:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 879:912 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 1 39 theme 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium 210:236 arg1 [BMIM 257:261 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 [BMIM]BP₄ 257:265 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 39 theme 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium 210:236 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 238:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 193:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) 193:266 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 40 theme previous 299:306 arg1 reports 308:314 previous reports 299:314 previous reports 299:314 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 41 theme scan 382:385 arg1 rate 387:390 a scan rate 380:390 a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1 380:405 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 3 42 theme electron 888:895 arg1 SEM 909:911 SEM 909:911 SEM 909:911 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 3 42 theme electron 888:895 arg1 microscopy 897:906 scanning electron microscopy 879:906 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 879:912 In addition, the surface was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. 30181437 7 43 theme electrodeveloped 1564:1579 arg1 composite 1581:1589 this electrodeveloped composite 1559:1589 this electrodeveloped composite 1559:1589 The results obtained in this study demonstrated that this electrodeveloped composite was sensitive, selective, and stable. 30181437 2 44 theme tropical 646:653 arg1 fruits 655:660 tropical fruits 646:660 tropical fruits 646:660 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 44 theme tropical 646:653 arg1 agraz 689:693 agraz 689:693 agraz 689:693 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 44 theme tropical 646:653 arg1 lemon 678:682 lemon 678:682 lemon 678:682 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 44 theme tropical 646:653 arg1 orange 670:675 orange 670:675 orange 670:675 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 2 45 theme similar 740:746 arg1 results 732:738 results 732:738 results similar to those reported in previous studies 732:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 30181437 0 46 from Rutin 115:119 arg1 Fruits 133:138 Tropical Fruits 124:138 Tropical Fruits 124:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 6 47 theme RT 1378:1379 arg1 RT 1378:1379 RT 1378:1379 RT 1378:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 6 47 theme RT 1378:1379 arg1 amounts 1367:1373 known amounts 1361:1373 known amounts of RT 1361:1379 The method was validated using a urine chemistry control spiked with known amounts of RT and possible interference was studied using ten substances including organic and biological compounds, metal ions, and dyes. 30181437 1 48 theme tetrafluoroborate 238:254 arg1 composite 180:188 a composite 178:188 a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports 178:314 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 48 theme tetrafluoroborate 238:254 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 238:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 193:254 the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) 193:266 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 48 theme tetrafluoroborate 238:254 arg1 chitosan 272:279 chitosan 272:279 chitosan (CS) 272:284 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 49 theme 50.0 395:398 arg1 mV 400:401 mV 400:401 mV 400:401 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 5 50 theme signal 1211:1216 arg1 variation 1194:1202 the variation 1190:1202 the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) 1190:1258 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 5 50 theme signal 1211:1216 arg1 % 1289:1289 less than 5.0% 1276:1289 less than 5.0% 1276:1289 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 4 51 theme standard 997:1004 arg1 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 51 theme standard 997:1004 arg1 deviation 1006:1014 the relative standard deviation 984:1014 the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode 984:1073 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 51 theme standard 997:1004 arg1 % 1083:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 52 theme relative 988:995 arg1 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 RSD 1017:1019 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 52 theme relative 988:995 arg1 deviation 1006:1014 the relative standard deviation 984:1014 the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode 984:1073 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 4 52 theme relative 988:995 arg1 % 1083:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 0.86% 1079:1083 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 0 53 theme Carbon 80:85 arg1 Electrodes 87:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes 65:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits 65:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 1 54 theme mV 400:401 arg1 s-1 403:405 50.0 mV s-1 395:405 50.0 mV s-1 395:405 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 1 55 with voltammetry 350:360 arg1 cycles 370:375 10 cycles 367:375 10 cycles 367:375 This work reports the development of a composite of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM]BP₄) and chitosan (CS) described in previous reports through a new method using cyclic voltammetry with 10 cycles at a scan rate of 50.0 mV s-1. 30181437 0 56 theme Screen-Printed 65:78 arg1 Electrodes 87:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes 65:96 Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits 65:138 Electrocomposite Developed with Chitosan and Ionic Liquids Using Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes Useful to Detect Rutin in Tropical Fruits. 30181437 5 57 theme sensor 1117:1122 arg1 stability 1100:1108 the stability 1096:1108 the stability of the sensor 1096:1122 Moreover, the stability of the sensor was studied for six days using the same modified electrode, where the variation of the signal using a known concentration of rutin (RT) was found to be less than 5.0%. 30181437 4 58 theme modified 1056:1063 arg1 electrode 1065:1073 the same modified electrode 1047:1073 the same modified electrode 1047:1073 The limit of detection was 0.07 µmol L-1 and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements using the same modified electrode was 0.86%. 30181437 2 59 theme previous 769:776 arg1 studies 778:784 previous studies 769:784 previous studies 769:784 This method is different from usual methods such as casting, deposition, and constant potential, and it allows the development of an electroactive surface toward the oxidation of rutin by stripping voltammetry applied to the detection in tropical fruits such as orange, lemon, and agraz (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz), with results similar to those reported in previous studies. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 alcohol 165:171 vinyl alcohol 159:171 vinyl alcohol 159:171 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 Ch 146:147 Ch 146:147 Ch 146:147 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 poly 154:157 poly 154:157 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 154:178 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg1 Mixtures 102:109 Mixtures 102:109 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 102:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 PVA 175:177 PVA 175:177 PVA 175:177 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 chitosan 136:143 chitosan 136:143 chitosan (Ch) 136:148 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 0 contain containing 111:120 arg2 polymers 126:133 two polymers 122:133 two polymers 122:133 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 2 1 dep spectroscopy 543:554 arg1 ATR-FTIR 557:564 ATR-FTIR 557:564 ATR-FTIR 557:564 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 0 2 theme chitosan/poly 63:75 arg1 alcohol 83:89 chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 63:90 chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 63:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 5 3 theme increasing 1031:1040 arg1 fraction 1049:1056 an increasing weight fraction 1028:1056 an increasing weight fraction of chitosan 1028:1068 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 6 4 theme infrared 1139:1146 arg1 spectroscopy 1148:1159 infrared spectroscopy 1139:1159 infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 1139:1170 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 6 5 theme mixture 1340:1346 arg1 films 1348:1352 the polymer and mixture films 1324:1352 films 1348:1352 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 0 6 theme alcohol 83:89 arg1 properties 49:58 the physicochemical properties 29:58 the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 29:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 0 7 from Effect 0:5 arg1 properties 49:58 the physicochemical properties 29:58 the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 29:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 2 8 theme thermogravimetric 500:516 arg1 analysis 518:525 thermogravimetric analysis 500:525 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 500:531 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 8 theme thermogravimetric 500:516 arg1 TGA 528:530 TGA 528:530 TGA 528:530 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 5 9 theme chitosan 1061:1068 arg1 fraction 1049:1056 an increasing weight fraction 1028:1056 an increasing weight fraction of chitosan 1028:1068 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 0 10 theme vinyl 77:81 arg1 alcohol 83:89 chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 63:90 chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 63:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 4 11 theme mixtures 773:780 arg1 curves 763:768 The viscosity curves 749:768 The viscosity curves of mixtures 749:780 The viscosity curves of mixtures were found to lie between those of pure components over the entire compositional range. 31739008 4 12 theme compositional 849:861 arg1 range 863:867 the entire compositional range 838:867 the entire compositional range 838:867 The viscosity curves of mixtures were found to lie between those of pure components over the entire compositional range. 31739008 2 13 theme infrared 534:541 arg1 spectroscopy 543:554 infrared spectroscopy 534:554 infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 534:565 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 6 14 theme materials 1412:1420 arg1 properties 1392:1401 the properties 1388:1401 the properties of these materials 1388:1420 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 2 15 theme electron 442:449 arg1 microscopy 451:460 scanning electron microscopy 433:460 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 433:466 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 15 theme electron 442:449 arg1 SEM 463:465 SEM 463:465 SEM 463:465 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 3 16 theme Rheological 614:624 arg1 studies 626:632 Rheological studies 614:632 Rheological studies 614:632 Rheological studies were performed via solutions of pure polymers and their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid. 31739008 6 17 theme network 1298:1304 arg1 structure 1306:1314 the network structure 1294:1314 the network structure between the polymer and mixture films 1294:1352 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 5 18 theme non-Newtonian 874:886 arg1 n 895:895 n 895:895 n 895:895 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 5 18 theme non-Newtonian 874:886 arg1 index 888:892 The non-Newtonian index 870:892 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures 870:914 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 3 19 theme polymers 671:678 arg1 solutions 653:661 solutions 653:661 solutions of pure polymers 653:678 Rheological studies were performed via solutions of pure polymers and their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid. 31739008 3 19 theme polymers 671:678 arg1 mixtures 690:697 their mixtures 684:697 their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid 684:746 Rheological studies were performed via solutions of pure polymers and their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid. 31739008 6 20 theme polymer 1328:1334 arg1 films 1348:1352 the polymer and mixture films 1324:1352 films 1348:1352 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 6 21 dep spectroscopy 1148:1159 arg1 ATR-FTIR 1162:1169 ATR-FTIR 1162:1169 ATR-FTIR 1162:1169 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 4 22 theme viscosity 753:761 arg1 curves 763:768 The viscosity curves 749:768 The viscosity curves of mixtures 749:780 The viscosity curves of mixtures were found to lie between those of pure components over the entire compositional range. 31739008 2 23 theme angle 576:580 arg1 measurements 582:593 contact angle measurements 568:593 contact angle measurements 568:593 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 1 24 theme chloride 267:274 arg1 addition 205:212 addition 205:212 addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 205:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 2 25 theme surface 368:374 arg1 properties 376:385 surface properties 368:385 surface properties 368:385 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 1 26 with Mixtures 102:109 arg1 addition 205:212 addition 205:212 addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 205:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 2 27 theme contact 568:574 arg1 measurements 582:593 contact angle measurements 568:593 contact angle measurements 568:593 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 6 28 from improvement 1373:1383 arg1 properties 1392:1401 the properties 1388:1401 the properties of these materials 1388:1420 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 3 29 theme pure 666:669 arg1 polymers 671:678 pure polymers 666:678 pure polymers 666:678 Rheological studies were performed via solutions of pure polymers and their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid. 31739008 2 30 theme force 476:480 arg1 AFM 494:496 AFM 494:496 AFM 494:496 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 30 theme force 476:480 arg1 microscopy 482:491 atomic force microscopy 469:491 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 469:497 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 6 31 theme liquid 1227:1232 arg1 beneficial 1237:1246 beneficial 1237:1246 beneficial 1237:1246 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 6 31 theme liquid 1227:1232 arg1 addition 1206:1213 the addition 1202:1213 the addition of an ionic liquid 1202:1232 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 6 32 theme structure 1306:1314 arg1 formation 1255:1263 the formation 1251:1263 the formation 1251:1263 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 2 33 theme atomic 469:474 arg1 AFM 494:496 AFM 494:496 AFM 494:496 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 33 theme atomic 469:474 arg1 microscopy 482:491 atomic force microscopy 469:491 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 469:497 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 5 34 theme law 945:947 arg1 model 949:953 the power law model 935:953 the power law model 935:953 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 1 35 theme vinyl 159:163 arg1 poly 154:157 poly 154:157 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) 154:178 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 35 theme vinyl 159:163 arg1 alcohol 165:171 vinyl alcohol 159:171 vinyl alcohol 159:171 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 2 36 theme films 405:409 arg1 properties 376:385 surface properties 368:385 surface properties 368:385 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 36 theme films 405:409 arg1 morphology 341:350 The morphology 337:350 The morphology 337:350 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 1 37 theme ionic 220:224 arg1 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 37 theme ionic 220:224 arg1 chloride 267:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride 217:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 217:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 0 38 theme liquid 19:24 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 0:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 1 39 theme liquid 226:231 arg1 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 39 theme liquid 226:231 arg1 chloride 267:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride 217:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 217:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 2 40 theme mixture 397:403 arg1 films 405:409 Ch/PVA mixture films 390:409 Ch/PVA mixture films 390:409 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 1 41 theme aqueous 318:324 arg1 solutions 326:334 aqueous solutions 318:334 aqueous solutions 318:334 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 42 with mixtures 191:198 arg1 addition 205:212 addition 205:212 addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 205:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 4 43 theme entire 842:847 arg1 range 863:867 the entire compositional range 838:867 the entire compositional range 838:867 The viscosity curves of mixtures were found to lie between those of pure components over the entire compositional range. 31739008 2 44 theme Ch/PVA 390:395 arg1 films 405:409 Ch/PVA mixture films 390:409 Ch/PVA mixture films 390:409 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 5 45 theme shear-thinning 966:979 arg1 behavior 981:988 shear-thinning behavior 966:988 shear-thinning behavior 966:988 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 5 46 theme mixtures 907:914 arg1 n 895:895 n 895:895 n 895:895 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 5 46 theme mixtures 907:914 arg1 index 888:892 The non-Newtonian index 870:892 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures 870:914 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 4 47 theme pure 817:820 arg1 components 822:831 pure components 817:831 pure components over the entire compositional range 817:867 The viscosity curves of mixtures were found to lie between those of pure components over the entire compositional range. 31739008 1 48 theme IL 234:235 arg1 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 48 theme IL 234:235 arg1 chloride 267:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride 217:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 217:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 6 49 theme angle 1111:1115 arg1 measurements 1117:1128 contact angle measurements 1103:1128 contact angle measurements 1103:1128 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 2 50 theme tensile 599:605 arg1 tests 607:611 tensile tests 599:611 tensile tests 599:611 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 6 51 theme contact 1103:1109 arg1 measurements 1117:1128 contact angle measurements 1103:1128 contact angle measurements 1103:1128 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 6 52 theme intermolecular 1268:1281 arg1 forces 1283:1288 intermolecular forces 1268:1288 intermolecular forces 1268:1288 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 3 53 theme liquid 741:746 arg1 addition 720:727 the addition 716:727 the addition of an ionic liquid 716:746 Rheological studies were performed via solutions of pure polymers and their mixtures with and without the addition of an ionic liquid. 31739008 2 54 theme scanning 433:440 arg1 microscopy 451:460 scanning electron microscopy 433:460 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 433:466 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 2 54 theme scanning 433:440 arg1 SEM 463:465 SEM 463:465 SEM 463:465 The morphology, mechanical and surface properties of Ch/PVA mixture films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), contact angle measurements and tensile tests. 31739008 5 55 theme power 939:943 arg1 law 945:947 the power law 935:947 the power law model 935:953 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 5 56 theme weight 1042:1047 arg1 fraction 1049:1056 an increasing weight fraction 1028:1056 an increasing weight fraction of chitosan 1028:1068 The non-Newtonian index (n) of these mixtures were determined by the power law model indicating shear-thinning behavior with pseudoplasticity increasing with an increasing weight fraction of chitosan. 31739008 6 57 theme forces 1283:1288 arg1 formation 1255:1263 the formation 1251:1263 the formation 1251:1263 Results obtained from SEM, AFM, contact angle measurements, TGA and infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were compared and showed that the addition of an ionic liquid is beneficial to the formation of intermolecular forces and the network structure between the polymer and mixture films, which leads to an improvement in the properties of these materials. 31739008 0 58 theme physicochemical 33:47 arg1 properties 49:58 the physicochemical properties 29:58 the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) 29:90 Effect of an ionic liquid on the physicochemical properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mixtures. 31739008 1 59 theme 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium 238:265 arg1 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 BMIM+Cl- 277:284 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31739008 1 59 theme 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium 238:265 arg1 chloride 267:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride 217:274 an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) 217:285 Mixtures containing two polymers, chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as well as mixtures with addition of an ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (BMIM+Cl-) were prepared via casting from aqueous solutions. 31142049 7 0 theme rRNA 1214:1217 arg1 sequencing 1219:1228 rRNA sequencing 1214:1228 rRNA sequencing 1214:1228 Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. 31142049 1 1 theme gut 271:273 arg1 dysbiosis 306:314 dysbiosis 306:314 dysbiosis 306:314 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 1 theme gut 271:273 arg1 composition 286:296 the gut microbiota composition 267:296 the gut microbiota composition 267:296 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 7 2 from differences 1152:1162 arg1 microbiome 1182:1191 the intestinal microbiome 1167:1191 the intestinal microbiome 1167:1191 Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. 31142049 3 3 theme FMT 538:540 arg1 effects 527:533 therapeutic effects 515:533 therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis 515:574 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 1 4 theme composition 286:296 arg1 alterations 252:262 alterations 252:262 alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis 252:314 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 8 5 theme chronic 1266:1272 arg1 inflammation 1285:1296 chronic intestinal inflammation 1266:1296 chronic intestinal inflammation 1266:1296 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 4 6 theme experimental 758:769 arg1 colitis 771:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 4 6 theme experimental 758:769 arg1 condition 782:790 a condition 780:790 a condition more similar to that of IBD patients 780:827 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 11 7 theme positive 1821:1828 arg1 results 1830:1836 the positive results 1817:1836 the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients 1817:1893 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 7 8 theme intestinal 1171:1180 arg1 microbiome 1182:1191 the intestinal microbiome 1167:1191 the intestinal microbiome 1167:1191 Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. 31142049 11 9 theme intestinal 1685:1694 arg1 colitis 1709:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis 1677:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1677:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 8 10 theme pro-inflammatory 1375:1390 arg1 genes 1392:1396 pro-inflammatory genes 1375:1396 pro-inflammatory genes 1375:1396 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 2 11 theme Fecal 317:321 arg1 FMT 351:353 FMT 351:353 FMT 351:353 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 11 theme Fecal 317:321 arg1 transplantation 334:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation 317:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 317:354 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 11 theme Fecal 317:321 arg1 consequence 451:461 a consequence 449:461 a consequence of normobiosis restoration 449:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 11 theme Fecal 317:321 arg1 approach 397:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach 370:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients 370:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 4 12 theme chronic 750:756 arg1 colitis 771:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 4 12 theme chronic 750:756 arg1 condition 782:790 a condition 780:790 a condition more similar to that of IBD patients 780:827 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 7 13 theme Compositional 1138:1150 arg1 differences 1152:1162 Compositional differences 1138:1162 Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome 1138:1191 Compositional differences in the intestinal microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. 31142049 1 14 attach linked 242:247 arg1 alterations 252:262 alterations 252:262 alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis 252:314 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 14 attach linked 242:247 arg2 disorders 176:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 14 attach linked 242:247 arg2 diseases 216:223 inflammatory bowel diseases 197:223 inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 197:229 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 8 15 theme peptides 1413:1420 arg1 expression 1361:1370 the expression 1357:1370 the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins 1357:1432 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 3 16 theme immune 627:632 arg1 system 634:639 the mucosal immune system 615:639 the mucosal immune system 615:639 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 3 17 theme microbiota 656:665 arg1 composition 667:677 the gut microbiota composition 648:677 the gut microbiota composition 648:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 1 18 theme gastrointestinal 159:174 arg1 diseases 216:223 inflammatory bowel diseases 197:223 inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 197:229 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 18 theme gastrointestinal 159:174 arg1 disorders 176:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 6 19 theme cells 1087:1091 arg1 functions 1046:1054 functions 1046:1054 functions 1046:1054 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 6 19 theme cells 1087:1091 arg1 Immunophenotypes 1025:1040 Immunophenotypes 1025:1040 Immunophenotypes 1025:1040 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 4 20 theme FMT 724:726 arg1 administration 728:741 therapeutic FMT administration 712:741 therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, 712:828 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 6 21 theme colonic 1072:1078 arg1 cells 1087:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 5 22 with mice 948:951 arg1 colitis 1016:1022 established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis 958:1022 established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis 958:1022 Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. 31142049 0 23 theme Immune 95:100 arg1 Functions 107:115 Immune Cell Functions 95:115 Immune Cell Functions 95:115 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 1 24 theme inflammatory 197:208 arg1 IBD 226:228 IBD 226:228 IBD 226:228 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 24 theme inflammatory 197:208 arg1 diseases 216:223 inflammatory bowel diseases 197:223 inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 197:229 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 4 25 theme IBD 816:818 arg1 patients 820:827 IBD patients 816:827 IBD patients 816:827 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 0 26 theme Gut 121:123 arg1 Composition 136:146 Gut Microbiota Composition 121:146 Gut Microbiota Composition 121:146 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 9 27 theme Innate 1435:1440 arg1 cells 1470:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 2 28 theme restoration 478:488 arg1 consequence 451:461 a consequence 449:461 a consequence of normobiosis restoration 449:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 28 theme restoration 478:488 arg1 transplantation 334:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation 317:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 317:354 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 28 theme restoration 478:488 arg1 approach 397:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach 370:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients 370:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 29 theme ulcerative 410:419 arg1 patients 429:436 ulcerative colitis patients 410:436 ulcerative colitis patients 410:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 0 30 theme Fecal 0:4 arg1 Transplantation 17:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation 0:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation 0:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 9 31 theme adaptive 1446:1453 arg1 cells 1470:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 4 32 theme similar 797:803 arg1 colitis 771:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 chronic experimental colitis 750:777 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 4 32 theme similar 797:803 arg1 condition 782:790 a condition 780:790 a condition more similar to that of IBD patients 780:827 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 9 33 theme immune 1463:1468 arg1 cells 1470:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 8 34 from FMT 1243:1245 arg1 mice 1250:1253 mice 1250:1253 mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation 1250:1296 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 6 35 theme cytofluorimetric 1111:1126 arg1 analysis 1128:1135 cytofluorimetric analysis 1111:1135 cytofluorimetric analysis 1111:1135 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 11 36 theme ulcerative 1867:1876 arg1 patients 1886:1893 ulcerative colitis patients 1867:1893 ulcerative colitis patients 1867:1893 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 4 37 theme inflammatory 857:868 arg1 pathways 870:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 5 38 theme normobiotic 901:911 arg1 donors 913:918 normobiotic donors 901:918 normobiotic donors 901:918 Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. 31142049 0 39 theme Murine 42:47 arg1 Inflammation 68:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 0 40 theme Intestinal 57:66 arg1 Inflammation 68:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 9 41 theme reduced 1489:1495 arg1 profile 1514:1520 a reduced pro-inflammatory profile 1487:1520 a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice 1487:1540 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 3 42 theme composition 667:677 arg1 modulation 601:610 functional modulation 590:610 functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition 590:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 8 43 theme mucins 1427:1432 arg1 expression 1361:1370 the expression 1357:1370 the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins 1357:1432 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 4 44 theme immune-mediated 833:847 arg1 pathways 870:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 11 45 theme pathways 1780:1787 arg1 activation 1741:1750 a concerted activation 1729:1750 a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1729:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 3 46 theme acute 549:553 arg1 colitis 568:574 acute experimental colitis 549:574 acute experimental colitis 549:574 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 9 47 theme FMT-treated 1525:1535 arg1 mice 1537:1540 FMT-treated mice 1525:1540 FMT-treated mice 1525:1540 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 11 48 theme anti-inflammatory 1755:1771 arg1 pathways 1780:1787 anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1755:1787 anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1755:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 2 49 theme encouraging 373:383 arg1 consequence 451:461 a consequence 449:461 a consequence of normobiosis restoration 449:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 49 theme encouraging 373:383 arg1 transplantation 334:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation 317:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 317:354 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 49 theme encouraging 373:383 arg1 approach 397:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach 370:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients 370:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 8 50 theme Therapeutic 1231:1241 arg1 FMT 1243:1245 Therapeutic FMT 1231:1245 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation 1231:1296 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 10 51 theme core 1581:1584 arg1 ecology 1586:1592 a normobiotic core ecology 1567:1592 a normobiotic core ecology 1567:1592 Finally, restoration of a normobiotic core ecology contributed to the resolution of inflammation. 31142049 11 52 theme chronic 1677:1683 arg1 colitis 1709:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis 1677:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1677:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 1 53 theme microbiota 275:284 arg1 dysbiosis 306:314 dysbiosis 306:314 dysbiosis 306:314 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 53 theme microbiota 275:284 arg1 composition 286:296 the gut microbiota composition 267:296 the gut microbiota composition 267:296 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 11 54 theme FMT 1841:1843 arg1 treatment 1845:1853 FMT treatment 1841:1853 FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients 1841:1893 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 4 55 from effects 701:707 arg1 pathways 870:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 1 56 theme bowel 210:214 arg1 IBD 226:228 IBD 226:228 IBD 226:228 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 56 theme bowel 210:214 arg1 diseases 216:223 inflammatory bowel diseases 197:223 inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 197:229 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 8 57 theme intestinal 1274:1283 arg1 inflammation 1285:1296 chronic intestinal inflammation 1266:1296 chronic intestinal inflammation 1266:1296 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 11 58 theme experimental 1696:1707 arg1 colitis 1709:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis 1677:1715 chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1677:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 2 59 theme microbiota 323:332 arg1 FMT 351:353 FMT 351:353 FMT 351:353 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 59 theme microbiota 323:332 arg1 transplantation 334:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation 317:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 317:354 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 59 theme microbiota 323:332 arg1 consequence 451:461 a consequence 449:461 a consequence of normobiosis restoration 449:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 59 theme microbiota 323:332 arg1 approach 397:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach 370:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients 370:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 3 60 theme system 634:639 arg1 modulation 601:610 functional modulation 590:610 functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition 590:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 8 61 theme genes 1392:1396 arg1 expression 1361:1370 the expression 1357:1370 the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins 1357:1432 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 3 62 theme mucosal 619:625 arg1 system 634:639 the mucosal immune system 615:639 the mucosal immune system 615:639 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 8 63 theme colonic 1322:1328 arg1 inflammation 1330:1341 colonic inflammation 1322:1341 colonic inflammation 1322:1341 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 8 64 theme antimicrobial 1399:1411 arg1 peptides 1413:1420 antimicrobial peptides 1399:1420 antimicrobial peptides 1399:1420 Therapeutic FMT in mice undergoing chronic intestinal inflammation was capable to decrease colonic inflammation by modulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, antimicrobial peptides, and mucins. 31142049 3 65 theme gut 652:654 arg1 composition 667:677 the gut microbiota composition 648:677 the gut microbiota composition 648:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 1 66 theme Different 149:157 arg1 diseases 216:223 inflammatory bowel diseases 197:223 inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 197:229 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 1 66 theme Different 149:157 arg1 disorders 176:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders 149:184 Different gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), have been linked to alterations of the gut microbiota composition, namely dysbiosis. 31142049 3 67 theme functional 590:599 arg1 modulation 601:610 functional modulation 590:610 functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition 590:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 6 68 theme immune 1080:1085 arg1 cells 1087:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 4 69 theme therapeutic 712:722 arg1 administration 728:741 therapeutic FMT administration 712:741 therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, 712:828 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 0 70 theme Cell 102:105 arg1 Functions 107:115 Immune Cell Functions 95:115 Immune Cell Functions 95:115 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 5 71 from donors 913:918 arg1 feces 890:894 feces 890:894 feces 890:894 Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. 31142049 5 71 from donors 913:918 arg1 Mucus 880:884 Mucus 880:884 Mucus 880:884 Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. 31142049 6 72 theme infiltrating 1059:1070 arg1 cells 1087:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 infiltrating colonic immune cells 1059:1091 Immunophenotypes and functions of infiltrating colonic immune cells were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. 31142049 10 73 theme normobiotic 1569:1579 arg1 ecology 1586:1592 a normobiotic core ecology 1567:1592 a normobiotic core ecology 1567:1592 Finally, restoration of a normobiotic core ecology contributed to the resolution of inflammation. 31142049 4 74 theme administration 728:741 arg1 effects 701:707 the effects 697:707 the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 697:877 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 5 75 theme -induced 1007:1014 arg1 colitis 1016:1022 established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis 958:1022 established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis 958:1022 Mucus and feces from normobiotic donors were orally administered to mice with established chronic Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. 31142049 3 76 theme therapeutic 515:525 arg1 effects 527:533 therapeutic effects 515:533 therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis 515:574 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 0 77 theme Microbiota 125:134 arg1 Composition 136:146 Gut Microbiota Composition 121:146 Gut Microbiota Composition 121:146 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 2 78 theme colitis 421:427 arg1 patients 429:436 ulcerative colitis patients 410:436 ulcerative colitis patients 410:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 0 79 theme Microbiota 6:15 arg1 Transplantation 17:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation 0:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation 0:31 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 2 80 theme normobiosis 466:476 arg1 restoration 478:488 normobiosis restoration 466:488 normobiosis restoration 466:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 10 81 theme ecology 1586:1592 arg1 restoration 1552:1562 restoration 1552:1562 restoration of a normobiotic core ecology 1552:1592 Finally, restoration of a normobiotic core ecology contributed to the resolution of inflammation. 31142049 9 82 theme mucosal 1455:1461 arg1 cells 1470:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells 1435:1474 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 3 83 attach linked 580:585 arg1 modulation 601:610 functional modulation 590:610 functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition 590:677 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 3 83 attach linked 580:585 arg2 effects 527:533 therapeutic effects 515:533 therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis 515:574 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 31142049 10 84 theme inflammation 1627:1638 arg1 resolution 1613:1622 the resolution 1609:1622 the resolution of inflammation 1609:1638 Finally, restoration of a normobiotic core ecology contributed to the resolution of inflammation. 31142049 0 85 theme Chronic 49:55 arg1 Inflammation 68:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation 42:79 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Controls Murine Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Immune Cell Functions and Gut Microbiota Composition. 31142049 11 86 theme treatment 1845:1853 arg1 results 1830:1836 the positive results 1817:1836 the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients 1817:1893 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 4 87 theme mucosal 849:855 arg1 pathways 870:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways 833:877 Here we analysed the effects of therapeutic FMT administration during chronic experimental colitis, a condition more similar to that of IBD patients, on immune-mediated mucosal inflammatory pathways. 31142049 11 88 theme concerted 1731:1739 arg1 activation 1741:1750 a concerted activation 1729:1750 a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1729:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 9 89 theme pro-inflammatory 1497:1512 arg1 profile 1514:1520 a reduced pro-inflammatory profile 1487:1520 a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice 1487:1540 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 9 90 from profile 1514:1520 arg1 mice 1537:1540 FMT-treated mice 1525:1540 FMT-treated mice 1525:1540 Innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells manifested a reduced pro-inflammatory profile in FMT-treated mice. 31142049 11 91 theme colitis 1878:1884 arg1 patients 1886:1893 ulcerative colitis patients 1867:1893 ulcerative colitis patients 1867:1893 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 11 92 theme immune 1773:1778 arg1 pathways 1780:1787 anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1755:1787 anti-inflammatory immune pathways 1755:1787 Thus, FMT is capable of controlling chronic intestinal experimental colitis by inducing a concerted activation of anti-inflammatory immune pathways, mechanistically supporting the positive results of FMT treatment reported in ulcerative colitis patients. 31142049 2 93 theme therapeutic 385:395 arg1 consequence 451:461 a consequence 449:461 a consequence of normobiosis restoration 449:488 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 93 theme therapeutic 385:395 arg1 transplantation 334:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation 317:348 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 317:354 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 2 93 theme therapeutic 385:395 arg1 approach 397:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach 370:404 an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients 370:436 Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is considered an encouraging therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis patients, mostly as a consequence of normobiosis restoration. 31142049 3 94 theme experimental 555:566 arg1 colitis 568:574 acute experimental colitis 549:574 acute experimental colitis 549:574 We recently showed that therapeutic effects of FMT during acute experimental colitis are linked to functional modulation of the mucosal immune system and of the gut microbiota composition. 30926487 3 0 theme Muzao 232:236 arg1 ZMP 255:257 ZMP 255:257 ZMP 255:257 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. 30926487 3 0 theme Muzao 232:236 arg1 polysaccharides 238:252 Muzao polysaccharides 232:252 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) 232:258 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. 30926487 7 1 theme Bacteroides 1033:1043 arg1 richness 1004:1011 the richness 1000:1011 the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus 1000:1061 ZMP also increased the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. 30926487 10 2 theme mechanistic 1287:1297 arg1 insights 1299:1306 mechanistic insights 1287:1306 mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1287:1352 These findings provide mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 6 3 from microbiota 954:963 arg1 feces 974:978 their feces 968:978 their feces 968:978 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 4 theme acids 922:926 arg1 concentration 881:893 the concentration 877:893 the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 877:934 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 9 5 theme gut 1232:1234 arg1 microbiota 1236:1245 fluctuant gut microbiota 1222:1245 fluctuant gut microbiota 1222:1245 Moreover, higher correlations were found between fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 9 6 theme higher 1183:1188 arg1 correlations 1190:1201 higher correlations 1183:1201 higher correlations 1183:1201 Moreover, higher correlations were found between fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 4 7 from sulfate 491:497 arg1 CRC 516:518 induced CRC 508:518 induced CRC 508:518 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 7 8 theme Lactobacillus 1049:1061 arg1 richness 1004:1011 the richness 1000:1011 the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus 1000:1061 ZMP also increased the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. 30926487 4 9 theme sodium 484:489 arg1 DSS 500:502 DSS 500:502 DSS 500:502 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 4 9 theme sodium 484:489 arg1 sulfate 491:497 dextran sodium sulfate 476:497 dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) 476:503 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 6 10 theme short-chain 904:914 arg1 acids 922:926 total short-chain fatty acids 898:926 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 898:934 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 10 theme short-chain 904:914 arg1 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 7 11 theme Bifidobacterium 1016:1030 arg1 richness 1004:1011 the richness 1000:1011 the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus 1000:1061 ZMP also increased the richness of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus. 30926487 8 12 theme acid 1132:1135 arg1 production 1137:1146 amino acid production 1126:1146 amino acid production 1126:1146 In addition, among 39 perturbed metabolites, carbohydrate and amino acid production were noticeably altered. 30926487 4 13 theme azoxymethane 453:464 arg1 mice 520:523 healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice 441:523 healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice 441:523 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 5 14 theme 16S 589:591 arg1 sequencing 598:607 16S rDNA sequencing 589:607 16S rDNA sequencing 589:607 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 4 15 theme inflammatory 383:394 arg1 factors 396:402 inflammatory factors 383:402 inflammatory factors 383:402 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 1 16 theme Muzao 69:73 arg1 consumption 91:101 Muzao polysaccharides consumption 69:101 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer 69:122 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer mice fecal microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 11 17 from polysaccharides 1361:1375 arg1 health 1385:1390 host health 1380:1390 host health 1380:1390 Muzao polysaccharides on host health. 30926487 5 18 theme rDNA 593:596 arg1 sequencing 598:607 16S rDNA sequencing 589:607 16S rDNA sequencing 589:607 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 6 19 theme colon 786:790 arg1 shortening 792:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 1 20 theme polysaccharides 75:89 arg1 consumption 91:101 Muzao polysaccharides consumption 69:101 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer 69:122 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer mice fecal microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 5 21 theme fecal-metabolome 613:628 arg1 profiles 630:637 fecal-metabolome profiles 613:637 fecal-metabolome profiles 613:637 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 6 22 theme total 898:902 arg1 acids 922:926 total short-chain fatty acids 898:926 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 898:934 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 22 theme total 898:902 arg1 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 23 theme mouse 780:784 arg1 shortening 792:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 5 24 theme ultra-high 657:666 arg1 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 24 theme ultra-high 657:666 arg1 spectrometry 706:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry 657:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) 657:728 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 0 25 theme Microbiome-metabolomic 0:21 arg1 analysis 23:30 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis 0:30 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 0:67 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 4 26 from azoxymethane 453:464 arg1 CRC 516:518 induced CRC 508:518 induced CRC 508:518 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 4 27 theme colon 369:373 arg1 length 375:380 colon length 369:380 colon length 369:380 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 4 28 theme cecal 408:412 arg1 microbiota 414:423 cecal microbiota 408:423 cecal microbiota 408:423 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 10 29 theme cv 1351:1352 arg1 impact 1317:1322 the impact 1313:1322 the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1313:1352 These findings provide mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 4 30 theme induced 508:514 arg1 CRC 516:518 induced CRC 508:518 induced CRC 508:518 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 5 31 theme chromatograph 687:699 arg1 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 31 theme chromatograph 687:699 arg1 spectrometry 706:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry 657:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) 657:728 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 32 theme Fecal-microbiota 541:556 arg1 composition 558:568 Fecal-microbiota composition 541:568 Fecal-microbiota composition 541:568 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 1 33 theme colorectal 106:115 arg1 cancer 117:122 colorectal cancer 106:122 colorectal cancer 106:122 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer mice fecal microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 10 34 theme jujuba 1344:1349 arg1 cv 1351:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 These findings provide mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 6 35 theme CRC 776:778 arg1 shortening 792:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 CRC mouse colon shortening 776:801 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 36 theme pro-inflammatory 839:854 arg1 cytokines 856:864 pro-inflammatory cytokines 839:864 pro-inflammatory cytokines 839:864 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 5 37 theme mass 701:704 arg1 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 37 theme mass 701:704 arg1 spectrometry 706:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry 657:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) 657:728 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 10 38 theme Zizyphus 1335:1342 arg1 cv 1351:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 These findings provide mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 4 39 theme mice 520:523 arg1 mortality 358:366 mortality 358:366 mortality 358:366 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 4 39 theme mice 520:523 arg1 metabolites 426:436 metabolites 426:436 metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice 426:523 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 3 40 theme colorectal 271:280 arg1 CRC 290:292 CRC 290:292 CRC 290:292 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. 30926487 3 40 theme colorectal 271:280 arg1 cancer 282:287 colorectal cancer 271:287 colorectal cancer (CRC) 271:293 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. 30926487 11 41 theme host 1380:1383 arg1 health 1385:1390 host health 1380:1390 host health 1380:1390 Muzao polysaccharides on host health. 30926487 10 42 theme dietary 1327:1333 arg1 cv 1351:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv 1327:1352 These findings provide mechanistic insights into the impact of dietary Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 0 43 theme impact 39:44 arg1 analysis 23:30 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis 0:30 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 0:67 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 6 44 theme gut 950:952 arg1 microbiota 954:963 gut microbiota 950:963 gut microbiota in their feces 950:978 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 8 45 theme perturbed 1086:1094 arg1 metabolites 1096:1106 39 perturbed metabolites 1083:1106 39 perturbed metabolites 1083:1106 In addition, among 39 perturbed metabolites, carbohydrate and amino acid production were noticeably altered. 30926487 0 46 theme jujuba 58:63 arg1 cv 65:66 Zizyphus jujuba cv 49:66 Zizyphus jujuba cv 49:66 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 9 47 theme fluctuant 1222:1230 arg1 microbiota 1236:1245 fluctuant gut microbiota 1222:1245 fluctuant gut microbiota 1222:1245 Moreover, higher correlations were found between fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 4 48 theme healthy 441:447 arg1 mice 520:523 healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice 441:523 healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice 441:523 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 6 49 theme ZMP 750:752 arg1 consumption 754:764 ZMP consumption 750:764 ZMP consumption 750:764 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 0 50 theme Zizyphus 49:56 arg1 cv 65:66 Zizyphus jujuba cv 49:66 Zizyphus jujuba cv 49:66 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 3 51 theme gut 307:309 arg1 microbiota 311:320 the gut microbiota 303:320 the gut microbiota 303:320 Muzao polysaccharides (ZMP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. 30926487 2 52 theme jujuba 221:226 arg1 cv 228:229 Zizyphus jujuba cv 212:229 Zizyphus jujuba cv 212:229 It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 2 53 theme cv 228:229 arg1 consumption 197:207 the consumption 193:207 the consumption of Zizyphus jujuba cv 193:229 It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 1 54 theme fecal 129:133 arg1 microbiota 135:144 fecal microbiota 129:144 fecal microbiota 129:144 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer mice fecal microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 5 55 theme performance 668:678 arg1 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 55 theme performance 668:678 arg1 spectrometry 706:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry 657:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) 657:728 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 2 56 theme Zizyphus 212:219 arg1 cv 228:229 Zizyphus jujuba cv 212:229 Zizyphus jujuba cv 212:229 It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 5 57 theme liquid 680:685 arg1 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 UHPLC-MS 720:727 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 5 57 theme liquid 680:685 arg1 spectrometry 706:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry 657:717 ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) 657:728 Fecal-microbiota composition was examined using 16S rDNA sequencing and fecal-metabolome profiles were evaluated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). 30926487 8 58 theme amino 1126:1130 arg1 production 1137:1146 amino acid production 1126:1146 amino acid production 1126:1146 In addition, among 39 perturbed metabolites, carbohydrate and amino acid production were noticeably altered. 30926487 1 59 from consumption 91:101 arg1 cancer 117:122 colorectal cancer 106:122 colorectal cancer 106:122 Muzao polysaccharides consumption on colorectal cancer mice fecal microbiota and metabolites. 30926487 6 60 theme fatty 916:920 arg1 acids 922:926 total short-chain fatty acids 898:926 total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 898:934 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 60 theme fatty 916:920 arg1 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 SCFAs 929:933 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 0 61 theme cv 65:66 arg1 impact 39:44 the impact 35:44 the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv 35:66 Microbiome-metabolomic analysis of the impact of Zizyphus jujuba cv. 30926487 4 62 theme dextran 476:482 arg1 DSS 500:502 DSS 500:502 DSS 500:502 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 4 62 theme dextran 476:482 arg1 sulfate 491:497 dextran sodium sulfate 476:497 dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) 476:503 In this study, we investigated the mortality, colon length, inflammatory factors and cecal microbiota, metabolites of healthy and azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in induced CRC mice, consuming ZMP. 30926487 6 63 dep showed 743:748 arg1 reduced 831:837 reduced 831:837 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines 831:864 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 63 dep showed 743:748 arg1 modulated 940:948 modulated 940:948 modulated gut microbiota in their feces 940:978 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 63 dep showed 743:748 arg1 prevented 766:774 prevented 766:774 prevented CRC mouse colon shortening 766:801 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 63 dep showed 743:748 arg1 decreased 804:812 decreased 804:812 decreased their mortality 804:828 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 30926487 6 63 dep showed 743:748 arg1 increased 867:875 increased 867:875 increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 867:934 The results showed ZMP consumption prevented CRC mouse colon shortening, decreased their mortality, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and modulated gut microbiota in their feces. 31371230 14 0 theme case 1950:1953 arg1 numbers 1955:1961 large case numbers 1944:1961 large case numbers for optimisation 1944:1978 Additional testing, including studies with large case numbers for optimisation are necessary before clinical implementation. 31371230 9 1 theme 0.3 1306:1308 arg1 steps 1297:1301 steps 1297:1301 steps of 0.3 1297:1308 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 4 2 theme pH 511:512 arg1 monitoring 514:523 pH monitoring 511:523 pH monitoring 511:523 The aim of this feasibility study was to create a sterile and easy to handle method for pH monitoring while simultaneously using an advanced wound dressing. 31371230 2 3 theme burn 248:251 arg1 wound 254:258 a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 245:287 wound 254:258 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 12 4 theme burn 1657:1660 arg1 wound 1663:1667 a (burn) wound 1654:1667 a (burn) wound 1654:1667 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 8 5 theme lower 1161:1165 arg1 pH 1167:1168 lower pH 1161:1168 lower pH (7) 1161:1172 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 5 theme lower 1161:1165 arg1 7 1171:1171 7 1171:1171 7 1171:1171 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 1 6 theme optimised 155:163 arg1 healing 171:177 optimised wound healing 155:177 optimised wound healing 155:177 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 8 7 theme pH 1139:1140 arg1 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 7 theme pH 1139:1140 arg1 areas 1116:1120 small areas 1110:1120 small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) 1110:1145 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 12 8 dep advanced 1765:1772 arg1 alloplastic 1786:1796 alloplastic 1786:1796 alloplastic 1786:1796 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 8 dep advanced 1765:1772 arg1 temporary 1775:1783 temporary 1775:1783 temporary 1775:1783 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 9 contain have 1673:1676 arg1 pH 1648:1649 the pH 1644:1649 the pH of a (burn) wound 1644:1667 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 9 contain have 1673:1676 arg2 influence 1692:1700 a significant influence 1678:1700 a significant influence 1678:1700 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 11 10 theme ring-like 1434:1442 arg1 pattern 1444:1450 A ring-like pattern 1432:1450 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH 1432:1505 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 2 11 theme successful 264:273 arg1 healing 281:287 a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 245:287 healing 281:287 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 4 12 theme advanced 555:562 arg1 dressing 570:577 an advanced wound dressing 552:577 an advanced wound dressing 552:577 The aim of this feasibility study was to create a sterile and easy to handle method for pH monitoring while simultaneously using an advanced wound dressing. 31371230 5 13 theme nanofibrillar 650:662 arg1 epicitehydro 675:686 epicitehydro 675:686 epicitehydro 675:686 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 5 13 theme nanofibrillar 650:662 arg1 cellulose 664:672 biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose 621:672 biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) 621:687 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 14 14 theme clinical 2001:2008 arg1 implementation 2010:2023 clinical implementation 2001:2023 clinical implementation 2001:2023 Additional testing, including studies with large case numbers for optimisation are necessary before clinical implementation. 31371230 7 15 theme dressing 1012:1019 arg1 sheet 1021:1025 another dressing sheet 1004:1025 another dressing sheet 1004:1025 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 7 16 theme decreasing 963:972 arg1 diameters 974:982 decreasing diameters 963:982 decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet 963:1025 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 1 17 theme burn 110:113 arg1 care 115:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 11 18 located observed 1511:1518 arg2 pattern 1444:1450 A ring-like pattern 1432:1450 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH 1432:1505 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 11 18 located observed 1511:1518 arg1 simulation 1578:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 11 18 located observed 1511:1518 arg1 experiment 1549:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 0 19 theme indicator 53:61 arg1 dressing 63:70 a composite indicator dressing 41:70 a composite indicator dressing 41:70 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 1 20 theme new 132:134 arg1 means 136:140 new means 132:140 new means to guarantee optimised wound healing 132:177 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 0 21 from monitoring 14:23 arg1 wounds 28:33 wounds 28:33 wounds 28:33 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 10 22 theme pictures 1339:1346 arg1 conversion 1317:1326 conversion 1317:1326 conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values 1317:1366 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 5 23 theme indicator 729:737 arg1 GJM-534 743:749 the indicator dye GJM-534 725:749 the indicator dye GJM-534 725:749 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 7 24 with diameters 974:982 arg1 pH 945:946 different pH 935:946 different pH 935:946 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 4 25 theme feasibility 439:449 arg1 study 451:455 this feasibility study 434:455 this feasibility study 434:455 The aim of this feasibility study was to create a sterile and easy to handle method for pH monitoring while simultaneously using an advanced wound dressing. 31371230 0 26 theme feasibility 76:86 arg1 study 88:92 A feasibility study 74:92 A feasibility study 74:92 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 9 27 theme indicator 1202:1210 arg1 dressing 1212:1219 The indicator dressing 1198:1219 The indicator dressing 1198:1219 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 2 28 theme Several 180:186 arg1 studies 188:194 Several studies 180:194 Several studies 180:194 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 7 29 theme different 935:943 arg1 pH 945:946 different pH 935:946 different pH 935:946 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 8 30 with simulation 1094:1103 arg1 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 30 with simulation 1094:1103 arg1 areas 1116:1120 small areas 1110:1120 small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) 1110:1145 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 9 31 from yellow 1253:1258 arg1 colouring 1238:1246 a gradual colouring 1228:1246 a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange 1228:1273 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 10 32 theme greyscale 1351:1359 arg1 values 1361:1366 greyscale values 1351:1366 greyscale values 1351:1366 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 0 33 theme Continuous 0:9 arg1 monitoring 14:23 Continuous pH monitoring 0:23 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing 0:70 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 9 34 theme gradual 1230:1236 arg1 colouring 1238:1246 a gradual colouring 1228:1246 a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange 1228:1273 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 12 35 theme advanced 1765:1772 arg1 material 1813:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 11 36 with pattern 1444:1450 arg1 change 1476:1481 alternating colour change 1457:1481 alternating colour change corresponding to the pH 1457:1505 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 8 37 theme spatial 1048:1054 arg1 resolution 1056:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution 1028:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution 1028:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 1 38 theme PURPOSE 95:101 arg1 care 115:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 3 39 theme direct 355:360 arg1 contact 368:374 direct wound contact 355:374 direct wound contact 355:374 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 10 40 theme sigmoidal 1371:1379 arg1 distribution 1381:1392 a sigmoidal distribution 1369:1392 a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 1369:1416 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 11 41 theme excellent 1599:1607 arg1 resolution 1615:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 11 42 dep experiment 1549:1558 arg1 resolution 1615:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 6 43 theme indicator 822:830 arg1 dressing 832:839 the created indicator dressing 810:839 the created indicator dressing 810:839 pH-donors with increasing pH were subsequently applied to the created indicator dressing. 31371230 10 44 theme 8.4 1414:1416 arg1 pKa-value 1401:1409 a pKa-value 1399:1409 a pKa-value of 8.4 1399:1416 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 12 45 theme wound 1705:1709 arg1 healing 1711:1717 wound healing 1705:1717 wound healing 1705:1717 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 8 46 theme wound 1084:1088 arg1 simulation 1094:1103 a wound bed simulation 1082:1103 a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa 1082:1187 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 7 47 theme continuous 881:890 arg1 monitoring 892:901 continuous monitoring 881:901 continuous monitoring 881:901 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 11 48 theme monitoring 1538:1547 arg1 experiment 1549:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 13 49 theme pH 1863:1864 arg1 monitoring 1866:1875 pH monitoring 1863:1875 pH monitoring 1863:1875 We were able to show the possibility of pH monitoring by the dressing itself. 31371230 8 50 theme small 1110:1114 arg1 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 8 mm 1123:1126 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 50 theme small 1110:1114 arg1 areas 1116:1120 small areas 1110:1120 small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) 1110:1145 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 6 51 theme created 814:820 arg1 dressing 832:839 the created indicator dressing 810:839 the created indicator dressing 810:839 pH-donors with increasing pH were subsequently applied to the created indicator dressing. 31371230 11 52 theme wound 1568:1572 arg1 simulation 1578:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 14 53 with studies 1931:1937 arg1 numbers 1955:1961 large case numbers 1944:1961 large case numbers for optimisation 1944:1978 Additional testing, including studies with large case numbers for optimisation are necessary before clinical implementation. 31371230 11 54 theme alternating 1457:1467 arg1 change 1476:1481 alternating colour change 1457:1481 alternating colour change corresponding to the pH 1457:1505 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 2 55 theme wound 275:279 arg1 healing 281:287 a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 245:287 healing 281:287 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 1 56 theme wound 165:169 arg1 healing 171:177 optimised wound healing 155:177 optimised wound healing 155:177 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 8 57 theme higher 1132:1137 arg1 10 1143:1144 10 1143:1144 10 1143:1144 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 57 theme higher 1132:1137 arg1 pH 1139:1140 higher pH 1132:1140 higher pH (10) 1132:1145 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 8 58 theme pH 1167:1168 arg1 field 1152:1156 a field 1150:1156 a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa 1150:1187 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 5 59 theme generated 640:648 arg1 epicitehydro 675:686 epicitehydro 675:686 epicitehydro 675:686 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 5 59 theme generated 640:648 arg1 cellulose 664:672 biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose 621:672 biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) 621:687 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 7 60 with pH-donors 920:928 arg1 pH 945:946 different pH 935:946 different pH 935:946 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 5 61 theme cellulose 664:672 arg1 MATERIALS 580:588 MATERIALS 580:588 MATERIALS 580:588 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 5 61 theme cellulose 664:672 arg1 METHODS 594:600 METHODS 594:600 METHODS 594:600 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 12 62 theme dressing 1804:1811 arg1 material 1813:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 4 63 theme wound 564:568 arg1 dressing 570:577 an advanced wound dressing 552:577 an advanced wound dressing 552:577 The aim of this feasibility study was to create a sterile and easy to handle method for pH monitoring while simultaneously using an advanced wound dressing. 31371230 5 64 theme Dressing 602:609 arg1 sheets 611:616 Dressing sheets 602:616 Dressing sheets 602:616 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 12 65 theme pH 1722:1723 arg1 indicator 1725:1733 a pH indicator 1720:1733 a pH indicator 1720:1733 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 65 theme pH 1722:1723 arg1 CONCLUSION 1627:1636 CONCLUSION 1627:1636 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing 1627:1717 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 1 66 theme Modern 103:108 arg1 care 115:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care 95:118 PURPOSE Modern burn care strives for new means to guarantee optimised wound healing. 31371230 8 67 theme versa 1183:1187 arg1 field 1152:1156 a field 1150:1156 a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa 1150:1187 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 2 68 theme pH 233:234 arg1 value 236:240 the pH value 229:240 the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 229:287 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 10 69 with distribution 1381:1392 arg1 pKa-value 1401:1409 a pKa-value 1399:1409 a pKa-value of 8.4 1399:1416 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 7 70 dep used 906:909 arg1 investigate 845:855 investigate 845:855 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring 842:901 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 4 71 theme study 451:455 arg1 aim 427:429 The aim 423:429 The aim of this feasibility study 423:455 The aim of this feasibility study was to create a sterile and easy to handle method for pH monitoring while simultaneously using an advanced wound dressing. 31371230 10 72 theme digital 1331:1337 arg1 pictures 1339:1346 digital pictures 1331:1346 digital pictures 1331:1346 After conversion of digital pictures to greyscale values, a sigmoidal distribution with a pKa-value of 8.4 was obtained. 31371230 7 73 dep pH-donors 920:928 arg1 10 955:956 10 955:956 10 955:956 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 7 73 dep pH-donors 920:928 arg1 7 949:949 7 949:949 7 949:949 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 12 74 theme wound 1798:1802 arg1 material 1813:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 0 75 dep study 88:92 arg1 monitoring 14:23 Continuous pH monitoring 0:23 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing 0:70 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 3 76 theme devices 305:311 arg1 available 330:338 available 330:338 available 330:338 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 3 76 theme devices 305:311 arg1 multitude 292:300 A multitude 290:300 A multitude of devices to monitor pH 290:325 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 0 77 theme pH 11:12 arg1 monitoring 14:23 Continuous pH monitoring 0:23 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing 0:70 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 8 78 theme relevant 1039:1046 arg1 resolution 1056:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution 1028:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution 1028:1065 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 9 79 dep RESULTS 1190:1196 arg1 showed 1221:1226 showed 1221:1226 showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3 1221:1308 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 14 80 theme large 1944:1948 arg1 numbers 1955:1961 large case numbers 1944:1961 large case numbers for optimisation 1944:1978 Additional testing, including studies with large case numbers for optimisation are necessary before clinical implementation. 31371230 7 81 theme circular 911:918 arg1 pH-donors 920:928 circular pH-donors 911:928 circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) 911:957 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 7 82 used used 906:909 arg2 we 903:904 we 903:904 we 903:904 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31371230 5 83 dep MATERIALS 580:588 arg1 sheets 611:616 Dressing sheets 602:616 Dressing sheets 602:616 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 11 84 theme delivered 1589:1597 arg1 resolution 1615:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 3 85 theme pH 408:409 arg1 monitoring 411:420 pH monitoring 408:420 pH monitoring 408:420 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 5 86 theme dye 739:741 arg1 GJM-534 743:749 the indicator dye GJM-534 725:749 the indicator dye GJM-534 725:749 MATERIALS AND METHODS Dressing sheets of biotechnologically generated nanofibrillar cellulose (epicitehydro) were chemically functionalised with the indicator dye GJM-534. 31371230 2 87 from value 236:240 arg1 healing 281:287 a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 245:287 healing 281:287 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 2 87 from value 236:240 arg1 wound 254:258 a (burn) wound and successful wound healing 245:287 wound 254:258 Several studies have shown a correlation between the pH value in a (burn) wound and successful wound healing. 31371230 3 88 theme wound 362:366 arg1 contact 368:374 direct wound contact 355:374 direct wound contact 355:374 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 11 89 theme bed 1574:1576 arg1 simulation 1578:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 the wound bed simulation 1564:1587 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 13 90 theme monitoring 1866:1875 arg1 possibility 1848:1858 the possibility 1844:1858 the possibility of pH monitoring 1844:1875 We were able to show the possibility of pH monitoring by the dressing itself. 31371230 3 91 theme dressing 395:402 arg1 removal 380:386 removal 380:386 removal of the dressing for pH monitoring 380:420 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 3 91 theme dressing 395:402 arg1 contact 368:374 direct wound contact 355:374 direct wound contact 355:374 A multitude of devices to monitor pH is available, all requiring direct wound contact and removal of the dressing for pH monitoring. 31371230 0 92 theme composite 43:51 arg1 dressing 63:70 a composite indicator dressing 41:70 a composite indicator dressing 41:70 Continuous pH monitoring in wounds using a composite indicator dressing - A feasibility study. 31371230 9 93 theme dark 1263:1266 arg1 orange 1268:1273 dark orange 1263:1273 dark orange 1263:1273 RESULTS The indicator dressing showed a gradual colouring from yellow to dark orange with increasing pH in steps of 0.3. 31371230 8 94 from simulation 1094:1103 arg1 field 1152:1156 a field 1150:1156 a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa 1150:1187 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 12 95 theme significant 1680:1690 arg1 influence 1692:1700 a significant influence 1678:1700 a significant influence 1678:1700 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 14 96 theme Additional 1901:1910 arg1 testing 1912:1918 Additional testing 1901:1918 Additional testing 1901:1918 Additional testing, including studies with large case numbers for optimisation are necessary before clinical implementation. 31371230 11 97 theme colour 1469:1474 arg1 change 1476:1481 alternating colour change 1457:1481 alternating colour change corresponding to the pH 1457:1505 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 8 98 theme bed 1090:1092 arg1 simulation 1094:1103 a wound bed simulation 1082:1103 a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa 1082:1187 Clinically relevant spatial resolution was checked by a wound bed simulation with small areas (8 mm) of higher pH (10) on a field of lower pH (7) and vice versa. 31371230 11 99 theme local 1609:1613 arg1 resolution 1615:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 delivered excellent local resolution 1589:1624 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 12 100 attach linked 1752:1757 arg2 CONCLUSION 1627:1636 CONCLUSION 1627:1636 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing 1627:1717 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 100 attach linked 1752:1757 arg1 material 1813:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material 1762:1820 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 100 attach linked 1752:1757 arg2 indicator 1725:1733 a pH indicator 1720:1733 a pH indicator 1720:1733 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 12 101 theme wound 1663:1667 arg1 pH 1648:1649 the pH 1644:1649 the pH of a (burn) wound 1644:1667 CONCLUSION Since the pH of a (burn) wound can have a significant influence on wound healing, a pH indicator was successfully linked to an advanced, temporary, alloplastic wound dressing material. 31371230 11 102 theme continuous 1527:1536 arg1 experiment 1549:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 the continuous monitoring experiment 1523:1558 A ring-like pattern with alternating colour change corresponding to the pH was observed in the continuous monitoring experiment and the wound bed simulation delivered excellent local resolution. 31371230 7 103 theme temporal 857:864 arg1 resolution 866:875 temporal resolution 857:875 temporal resolution 857:875 To investigate temporal resolution and continuous monitoring we used circular pH-donors with different pH (7 and 10) and decreasing diameters that were placed on another dressing sheet. 31590851 2 0 with solutions 284:292 arg1 compositions 310:321 formulated compositions 299:321 formulated compositions 299:321 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 2 1 theme strong 592:597 arg1 gels 599:602 strong gels 592:602 strong gels 592:602 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 5 2 theme pore 961:964 arg1 features 966:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 0 3 theme tissue 96:101 arg1 engineering 103:113 cartilage tissue engineering 86:113 cartilage tissue engineering 86:113 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 7 4 theme promising 1156:1164 arg1 potential 1166:1174 promising potential 1156:1174 promising potential 1156:1174 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 4 5 theme strength 767:774 arg1 terms 758:762 terms 758:762 terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity 758:800 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 1 6 theme dual 236:239 arg1 hydrogels 259:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 0 7 theme cartilage 86:94 arg1 engineering 103:113 cartilage tissue engineering 86:113 cartilage tissue engineering 86:113 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 4 8 theme stiffness 777:785 arg1 terms 758:762 terms 758:762 terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity 758:800 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 1 9 theme network 241:247 arg1 hydrogels 259:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 4 10 theme enhanced 735:742 arg1 properties 744:753 jointly enhanced properties 727:753 jointly enhanced properties 727:753 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 2 11 theme Rheological 388:398 arg1 measurements 400:411 pH. Rheological measurements 384:411 pH. Rheological measurements 384:411 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 2 12 theme gels 459:462 arg1 modulus 433:439 elastic modulus 425:439 elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels 425:462 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 4 13 theme elasticity 791:800 arg1 terms 758:762 terms 758:762 terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity 758:800 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 1 14 theme selected 168:175 arg1 CS-NAC 177:182 the selected CS-NAC 164:182 the selected CS-NAC 164:182 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 0 15 theme dual 9:12 arg1 hydrogels 22:30 dual network hydrogels 9:30 dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering 9:113 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 7 16 theme dual 1133:1136 arg1 gels 1146:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 6 17 theme CS-NAC/SF 1007:1015 arg1 gels 1017:1020 CS-NAC/SF gels 1007:1020 CS-NAC/SF gels 1007:1020 Cell culture demonstrated that CS-NAC/SF gels supported the growth of chondrocytes while effectively maintaining their phenotype. 31590851 2 18 theme formulated 299:308 arg1 compositions 310:321 formulated compositions 299:321 formulated compositions 299:321 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 5 19 theme CS-NAC/SF 883:891 arg1 gels 893:896 dry CS-NAC/SF gels 879:896 dry CS-NAC/SF gels 879:896 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 1 20 theme CS-NAC/SF 249:257 arg1 hydrogels 259:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels 236:267 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 5 21 with porous 929:934 arg1 features 966:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 5 22 theme dry 879:881 arg1 gels 893:896 dry CS-NAC/SF gels 879:896 dry CS-NAC/SF gels 879:896 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 5 23 theme gels 893:896 arg1 Examinations 863:874 Examinations 863:874 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels 863:896 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 5 24 theme well-interconnected 941:959 arg1 features 966:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 well-interconnected pore features 941:973 Examinations of dry CS-NAC/SF gels revealed that they were highly porous with well-interconnected pore features. 31590851 2 25 theme elastic 425:431 arg1 modulus 433:439 elastic modulus 425:439 elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels 425:462 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 0 26 theme network 14:20 arg1 hydrogels 22:30 dual network hydrogels 9:30 dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering 9:113 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 2 27 theme viscous 541:547 arg1 modulus 549:555 their respective viscous modulus 524:555 their respective viscous modulus 524:555 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 2 28 theme CS-NAC/SF 274:282 arg1 able 328:331 able 328:331 able 328:331 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 2 28 theme CS-NAC/SF 274:282 arg1 solutions 284:292 The CS-NAC/SF solutions 270:292 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions 270:321 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 4 29 theme CS-NAC/SF 702:710 arg1 gels 712:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels 688:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels 688:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 2 30 theme respective 530:539 arg1 modulus 549:555 their respective viscous modulus 524:555 their respective viscous modulus 524:555 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 3 31 contain had 659:661 arg1 gels 654:657 CS-NAC/SF gels 644:657 CS-NAC/SF gels 644:657 Deformation measurements verified that CS-NAC/SF gels had well-defined elasticity. 31590851 3 31 contain had 659:661 arg2 elasticity 676:685 well-defined elasticity 663:685 well-defined elasticity 663:685 Deformation measurements verified that CS-NAC/SF gels had well-defined elasticity. 31590851 6 32 theme Cell 976:979 arg1 culture 981:987 Cell culture 976:987 Cell culture 976:987 Cell culture demonstrated that CS-NAC/SF gels supported the growth of chondrocytes while effectively maintaining their phenotype. 31590851 1 33 theme silk 207:210 arg1 SF 221:222 SF 221:222 SF 221:222 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 1 33 theme silk 207:210 arg1 fibroin 212:218 silk fibroin 207:218 silk fibroin (SF) 207:223 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 7 34 theme cartilage 1179:1187 arg1 repair 1189:1194 cartilage repair 1179:1194 cartilage repair 1179:1194 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 3 35 theme CS-NAC/SF 644:652 arg1 gels 654:657 CS-NAC/SF gels 644:657 CS-NAC/SF gels 644:657 Deformation measurements verified that CS-NAC/SF gels had well-defined elasticity. 31590851 1 36 theme Thiolated 116:124 arg1 CS-NAC 136:141 CS-NAC 136:141 CS-NAC 136:141 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 1 36 theme Thiolated 116:124 arg1 chitosan 126:133 Thiolated chitosan 116:133 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) 116:142 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 0 37 theme thiolated 46:54 arg1 chitosan 56:63 thiolated chitosan 46:63 thiolated chitosan 46:63 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 1 38 used used 188:191 arg2 CS-NAC 177:182 the selected CS-NAC 164:182 the selected CS-NAC 164:182 Thiolated chitosan (CS-NAC) was synthesized and the selected CS-NAC was used together with silk fibroin (SF) to produce dual network CS-NAC/SF hydrogels. 31590851 3 39 theme well-defined 663:674 arg1 elasticity 676:685 well-defined elasticity 663:685 well-defined elasticity 663:685 Deformation measurements verified that CS-NAC/SF gels had well-defined elasticity. 31590851 4 40 theme optimized 692:700 arg1 gels 712:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels 688:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels 688:715 The optimized CS-NAC/SF gels exhibited jointly enhanced properties in terms of strength, stiffness and elasticity when compared to the gels resulted from either CS-NAC or SF. 31590851 7 41 contain have 1151:1154 arg1 gels 1146:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 7 41 contain have 1151:1154 arg2 potential 1166:1174 promising potential 1156:1174 promising potential 1156:1174 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 7 42 theme network 1138:1144 arg1 gels 1146:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 these dual network gels 1127:1149 Results suggest that these dual network gels have promising potential in cartilage repair. 31590851 0 43 theme silk 69:72 arg1 fibroin 74:80 silk fibroin 69:80 silk fibroin 69:80 Enhanced dual network hydrogels consisting of thiolated chitosan and silk fibroin for cartilage tissue engineering. 31590851 2 44 theme physiological 354:366 arg1 temperature 368:378 physiological temperature 354:378 physiological temperature 354:378 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 2 45 theme pH. 384:386 arg1 measurements 400:411 pH. Rheological measurements 384:411 pH. Rheological measurements 384:411 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 31590851 6 46 theme chondrocytes 1046:1057 arg1 growth 1036:1041 the growth 1032:1041 the growth of chondrocytes 1032:1057 Cell culture demonstrated that CS-NAC/SF gels supported the growth of chondrocytes while effectively maintaining their phenotype. 31590851 3 47 theme Deformation 605:615 arg1 measurements 617:628 Deformation measurements 605:628 Deformation measurements 605:628 Deformation measurements verified that CS-NAC/SF gels had well-defined elasticity. 31590851 2 48 theme CS-NAC/SF 449:457 arg1 gels 459:462 some CS-NAC/SF gels 444:462 some CS-NAC/SF gels 444:462 The CS-NAC/SF solutions with formulated compositions were able to form hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH. Rheological measurements showed that elastic modulus of some CS-NAC/SF gels could reach around 3 kPa or higher and was much higher than their respective viscous modulus, indicating that they behaved like strong gels. 30337616 1 0 theme efficient 271:279 arg1 composites 341:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 10 1 dep Cr 1454:1455 arg1 cleanup 1476:1482 polluted water cleanup 1461:1482 Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1454:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 10 1 dep Cr 1454:1455 arg1 VI 1457:1458 VI 1457:1458 VI 1457:1458 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 5 2 theme CS/MGO 825:830 arg1 composites 832:841 CS/MGO composites 825:841 CS/MGO composites 825:841 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 10 3 theme CS/MGO 1351:1356 arg1 composites 1358:1367 CS/MGO composites 1351:1367 CS/MGO composites 1351:1367 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 9 4 theme good 1290:1293 arg1 Cr 1295:1296 good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles 1290:1348 good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles 1290:1348 In addition, CS/MGO composites could retain good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles. 30337616 4 5 theme Fe-O-C 631:636 arg1 bonds 638:642 the covalent Fe-O-C bonds 618:642 the covalent Fe-O-C bonds 618:642 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 6 6 contain possess 986:992 arg1 composites 975:984 The CS/MGO composites 964:984 The CS/MGO composites 964:984 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 6 6 contain possess 986:992 arg2 capacity 1007:1014 high removal capacity 994:1014 high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution 994:1047 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 7 theme particles 223:231 arg1 effect 180:185 the synergistic effect 164:185 the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO) 164:256 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 6 8 theme removal 999:1005 arg1 capacity 1007:1014 high removal capacity 994:1014 high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution 994:1047 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 9 theme eco-friendly 285:296 arg1 composites 341:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 10 10 contain have 1385:1388 arg2 applications 1400:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 10 10 contain have 1385:1388 arg2 bioadsorbents 1436:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents 1416:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1416:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 10 10 contain have 1385:1388 arg1 composites 1358:1367 CS/MGO composites 1351:1367 CS/MGO composites 1351:1367 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 5 11 dep carried 852:858 arg1 content 890:896 content 890:896 content of CS 890:902 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 7 12 dep Cr 1143:1144 arg1 VI 1146:1147 VI 1146:1147 VI 1146:1147 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 7 13 theme CS/MGO 1092:1097 arg1 composites 1099:1108 the CS/MGO composites 1088:1108 the CS/MGO composites 1088:1108 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 1 14 theme chitosan/magnetite-graphene 298:324 arg1 oxide 326:330 chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide 298:330 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 1 14 theme chitosan/magnetite-graphene 298:324 arg1 CS/MGO 333:338 CS/MGO 333:338 CS/MGO 333:338 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 10 15 theme polluted 1461:1468 arg1 cleanup 1476:1482 polluted water cleanup 1461:1482 Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1454:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 0 16 dep Cr 121:122 arg1 VI 124:125 VI 124:125 VI 124:125 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 3 17 attach attached 515:522 arg2 chitosan 502:509 chitosan 502:509 chitosan 502:509 Then, chitosan was attached on MGO sheets, assembling to CS/MGO composites. 30337616 3 17 attach attached 515:522 arg3 sheets 531:536 MGO sheets 527:536 MGO sheets 527:536 Then, chitosan was attached on MGO sheets, assembling to CS/MGO composites. 30337616 0 18 from solution 141:148 arg1 adsorption 88:97 adsorption 88:97 adsorption 88:97 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 0 18 from solution 141:148 arg1 detoxification 103:116 detoxification 103:116 detoxification 103:116 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 2 19 theme GO 468:469 arg1 surface 457:463 the surface 453:463 the surface of GO 453:469 First, Fe3O4 particles were chemically deposited on the surface of GO to fabricate MGO hybrid. 30337616 1 20 theme oxide 326:330 arg1 composites 341:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 271:350 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 5 21 theme CS 901:902 arg1 content 890:896 content 890:896 content of CS 890:902 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 10 22 theme water 1470:1474 arg1 cleanup 1476:1482 polluted water cleanup 1461:1482 Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1454:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 0 23 theme Cr 121:122 arg1 adsorption 88:97 adsorption 88:97 adsorption 88:97 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 0 23 theme Cr 121:122 arg1 detoxification 103:116 detoxification 103:116 detoxification 103:116 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 24 theme synergistic 168:178 arg1 effect 180:185 the synergistic effect 164:185 the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO) 164:256 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 9 25 dep Cr 1295:1296 arg1 VI 1298:1299 VI 1298:1299 VI 1298:1299 In addition, CS/MGO composites could retain good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles. 30337616 9 25 dep Cr 1295:1296 arg1 efficiency 1310:1319 removal efficiency 1302:1319 good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles 1290:1348 In addition, CS/MGO composites could retain good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles. 30337616 10 26 theme potential 1390:1398 arg1 bioadsorbents 1436:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents 1416:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1416:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 10 26 theme potential 1390:1398 arg1 applications 1400:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 5 27 theme initial 909:915 arg1 concentration 917:929 initial concentration 909:929 initial concentration 909:929 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 4 28 theme hydrogen 675:682 arg1 bonding 684:690 hydrogen bonding 675:690 hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan 675:722 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 6 29 theme CS/MGO 968:973 arg1 composites 975:984 The CS/MGO composites 964:984 The CS/MGO composites 964:984 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 10 30 theme regenerative 1423:1434 arg1 bioadsorbents 1436:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents 1416:1448 easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup 1416:1482 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 10 30 theme regenerative 1423:1434 arg1 applications 1400:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 potential applications 1390:1411 CS/MGO composites are expected to have potential applications as easily regenerative bioadsorbents for Cr(VI) polluted water cleanup. 30337616 1 31 theme graphene 238:245 arg1 oxide 247:251 graphene oxide 238:251 graphene oxide (GO) 238:256 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 5 32 theme various 870:876 arg1 conditions 878:887 various conditions 870:887 various conditions 870:887 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 4 33 theme characterization 600:615 arg1 results 589:595 the results 585:595 the results of characterization 585:615 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 0 34 theme oxide 43:47 arg1 composites 49:58 chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites 15:58 chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites 15:58 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 35 theme oxide 247:251 arg1 effect 180:185 the synergistic effect 164:185 the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO) 164:256 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 5 36 dep Cr 813:814 arg1 VI 816:817 VI 816:817 VI 816:817 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 6 37 theme aqueous 1032:1038 arg1 solution 1040:1047 aqueous solution 1032:1047 aqueous solution 1032:1047 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 38 theme chitosan 190:197 arg1 effect 180:185 the synergistic effect 164:185 the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO) 164:256 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 0 39 theme chitosan/magnetite-graphene 15:41 arg1 composites 49:58 chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites 15:58 chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites 15:58 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 6 40 theme high 994:997 arg1 capacity 1007:1014 high removal capacity 994:1014 high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution 994:1047 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 9 41 theme CS/MGO 1259:1264 arg1 composites 1266:1275 CS/MGO composites 1259:1275 CS/MGO composites 1259:1275 In addition, CS/MGO composites could retain good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles. 30337616 0 42 theme aqueous 133:139 arg1 solution 141:148 aqueous solution 133:148 aqueous solution 133:148 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 1 43 theme composites 341:350 arg1 series 261:266 a series 259:266 a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites 259:350 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 8 44 theme CS/MGO 1227:1232 arg1 composites 1234:1243 CS/MGO composites 1227:1243 CS/MGO composites 1227:1243 When adsorption occurred, Cr(VI) and Cr(III) were simultaneously removed by CS/MGO composites. 30337616 6 45 from solution 1040:1047 arg1 capacity 1007:1014 high removal capacity 994:1014 high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution 994:1047 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 0 46 theme composites 49:58 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 0:149 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 2 47 theme MGO 484:486 arg1 hybrid 488:493 MGO hybrid 484:493 MGO hybrid 484:493 First, Fe3O4 particles were chemically deposited on the surface of GO to fabricate MGO hybrid. 30337616 4 48 theme structural 741:750 arg1 stability 752:760 excellent structural stability 731:760 excellent structural stability 731:760 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 0 49 theme novel 65:69 arg1 bioadsorbent 71:82 a novel bioadsorbent 63:82 a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution 63:148 Fabrication of chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide composites as a novel bioadsorbent for adsorption and detoxification of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 4 50 theme physico-chemical 766:781 arg1 properties 783:792 physico-chemical properties 766:792 physico-chemical properties 766:792 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 4 51 theme electrostatic 645:657 arg1 attraction 659:668 electrostatic attraction 645:668 electrostatic attraction 645:668 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 1 52 dep oxide 247:251 arg1 GO 254:255 GO 254:255 GO 254:255 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 2 53 theme Fe3O4 408:412 arg1 particles 414:422 Fe3O4 particles 408:422 Fe3O4 particles 408:422 First, Fe3O4 particles were chemically deposited on the surface of GO to fabricate MGO hybrid. 30337616 3 54 theme MGO 527:529 arg1 sheets 531:536 MGO sheets 527:536 MGO sheets 527:536 Then, chitosan was attached on MGO sheets, assembling to CS/MGO composites. 30337616 9 55 theme removal 1302:1308 arg1 efficiency 1310:1319 removal efficiency 1302:1319 good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles 1290:1348 In addition, CS/MGO composites could retain good Cr(VI) removal efficiency after reuse over five cycles. 30337616 3 56 theme CS/MGO 553:558 arg1 composites 560:569 CS/MGO composites 553:569 CS/MGO composites 553:569 Then, chitosan was attached on MGO sheets, assembling to CS/MGO composites. 30337616 5 57 theme contact 932:938 arg1 time 940:943 contact time 932:943 contact time 932:943 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 5 58 dep content 890:896 arg1 pH 905:906 pH 905:906 pH 905:906 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 5 58 dep content 890:896 arg1 concentration 917:929 initial concentration 909:929 initial concentration 909:929 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 5 58 dep content 890:896 arg1 time 940:943 contact time 932:943 contact time 932:943 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 5 58 dep content 890:896 arg1 temperature 950:960 temperature 950:960 temperature 950:960 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 1 59 theme facile 378:383 arg1 route 394:398 a facile chemical route 376:398 a facile chemical route 376:398 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 6 60 dep Cr 1020:1021 arg1 VI 1023:1024 VI 1023:1024 VI 1023:1024 The CS/MGO composites possess high removal capacity for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. 30337616 7 61 contain had 1110:1112 arg2 action 1132:1137 a strong reducing action 1114:1137 a strong reducing action for Cr(VI) 1114:1148 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 7 61 contain had 1110:1112 arg1 composites 1099:1108 the CS/MGO composites 1088:1108 the CS/MGO composites 1088:1108 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 1 62 theme magnetite 205:213 arg1 particles 223:231 magnetite (Fe3O4) particles 205:231 magnetite (Fe3O4) particles 205:231 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 1 63 theme chemical 385:392 arg1 route 394:398 a facile chemical route 376:398 a facile chemical route 376:398 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 30337616 4 64 theme excellent 731:739 arg1 stability 752:760 excellent structural stability 731:760 excellent structural stability 731:760 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 4 65 theme covalent 622:629 arg1 bonds 638:642 the covalent Fe-O-C bonds 618:642 the covalent Fe-O-C bonds 618:642 According to the results of characterization, the covalent Fe-O-C bonds, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding between GO, Fe3O4, and chitosan ensure excellent structural stability and physico-chemical properties. 30337616 5 66 theme Cr 813:814 arg1 adsorption 799:808 The adsorption 795:808 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites 795:841 The adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CS/MGO composites was also carried out under various conditions (content of CS, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature). 30337616 7 67 theme strong 1116:1121 arg1 action 1132:1137 a strong reducing action 1114:1137 a strong reducing action for Cr(VI) 1114:1148 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 8 68 dep Cr 1177:1178 arg1 VI 1180:1181 VI 1180:1181 VI 1180:1181 When adsorption occurred, Cr(VI) and Cr(III) were simultaneously removed by CS/MGO composites. 30337616 7 69 theme reducing 1123:1130 arg1 action 1132:1137 a strong reducing action 1114:1137 a strong reducing action for Cr(VI) 1114:1148 Moreover, results also suggested that the CS/MGO composites had a strong reducing action for Cr(VI). 30337616 1 70 theme Fe3O4 216:220 arg1 particles 223:231 magnetite (Fe3O4) particles 205:231 magnetite (Fe3O4) particles 205:231 By utilizing the synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), magnetite (Fe3O4) particles, and graphene oxide (GO), a series of efficient and eco-friendly chitosan/magnetite-graphene oxide (CS/MGO) composites were fabricated through a facile chemical route. 29782977 2 0 theme PLA 446:448 arg1 membrane 450:457 the pure PLA membrane 437:457 the pure PLA membrane 437:457 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 1 theme mass 911:914 arg1 ratio 916:920 the mass ratio 907:920 the mass ratio of TP to CS 907:932 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 4 2 theme C 1060:1060 arg1 consumption 1018:1028 the consumption 1014:1028 the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C 1014:1060 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 3 theme pure 441:444 arg1 membrane 450:457 the pure PLA membrane 437:457 the pure PLA membrane 437:457 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 1 4 theme different 294:302 arg1 concentrations 304:317 different concentrations 294:317 different concentrations 294:317 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 4 5 theme composite 801:809 arg1 membrane 811:818 the composite membrane 797:818 the composite membrane 797:818 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 3 6 theme composite 772:780 arg1 membrane 782:789 the composite membrane 768:789 the composite membrane 768:789 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 1 7 theme concentrations 304:317 arg1 membranes 281:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes 260:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations 260:317 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 4 8 theme rotting 958:964 arg1 rate 966:969 the rotting rate 954:969 the rotting rate 954:969 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 1 9 theme stretch 219:225 arg1 method 232:237 the stretch film method 215:237 the stretch film method 215:237 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 2 10 theme membranes 477:485 arg1 permeability 405:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 10 theme membranes 477:485 arg1 solubility 423:432 solubility 423:432 solubility 423:432 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 10 theme membranes 477:485 arg1 density 335:341 density 335:341 density 335:341 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 10 theme membranes 477:485 arg1 properties 355:364 mechanical properties 344:364 mechanical properties 344:364 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 10 theme membranes 477:485 arg1 performance 380:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 1 11 theme film 227:230 arg1 method 232:237 the stretch film method 215:237 the stretch film method 215:237 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 2 12 theme composite 467:475 arg1 membranes 477:485 the composite membranes 463:485 the composite membranes 463:485 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 13 theme food 1174:1177 arg1 packaging 1179:1187 food packaging 1174:1187 food packaging 1174:1187 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 4 14 theme shelf 1116:1120 arg1 life 1122:1125 the shelf life 1112:1125 the shelf life 1112:1125 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 4 15 theme TP 925:926 arg1 ratio 916:920 the mass ratio 907:920 the mass ratio of TP to CS 907:932 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 16 theme use 585:587 arg1 value 589:593 the actual use value 574:593 the actual use value 574:593 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 17 theme cherries 1091:1098 arg1 quality 1076:1082 the quality 1072:1082 the quality of the cherries 1072:1098 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 4 18 theme solids 1041:1046 arg1 consumption 1018:1028 the consumption 1014:1028 the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C 1014:1060 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 1 19 theme tea 175:177 arg1 polyphenol 179:188 tea polyphenol 175:188 tea polyphenol (TP) 175:193 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 1 19 theme tea 175:177 arg1 TP 191:192 TP 191:192 TP 191:192 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 2 20 theme actual 578:583 arg1 value 589:593 the actual use value 574:593 the actual use value 574:593 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 21 theme soluble 1033:1039 arg1 solids 1041:1046 soluble solids 1033:1046 soluble solids 1033:1046 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 4 22 from application 1159:1169 arg1 packaging 1179:1187 food packaging 1174:1187 food packaging 1174:1187 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 23 theme vapor 399:403 arg1 permeability 405:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 24 used used 823:826 arg2 membrane 811:818 the composite membrane 797:818 the composite membrane 797:818 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 25 theme water 393:397 arg1 permeability 405:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 26 theme cherries 852:859 arg1 preservation 836:847 the preservation 832:847 the preservation of cherries 832:859 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 1 27 theme composite 118:126 arg1 membranes 128:136 composite membranes 118:136 composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS) 118:212 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 0 28 theme acid-tea 41:48 arg1 properties 16:25 properties 16:25 properties 16:25 Preparation and properties of polylactic acid-tea polyphenol-chitosan composite membranes. 29782977 0 28 theme acid-tea 41:48 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and properties of polylactic acid-tea polyphenol-chitosan composite membranes. 29782977 2 29 theme comprehensive 492:504 arg1 performance 506:516 the comprehensive performance 488:516 the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes 488:543 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 30 theme loss 980:983 arg1 rate 985:988 mass loss rate 975:988 mass loss rate 975:988 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 31 theme heat-sealing 367:378 arg1 performance 380:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 0 32 theme polylactic 30:39 arg1 acid-tea 41:48 polylactic acid-tea 30:48 polylactic acid-tea 30:48 Preparation and properties of polylactic acid-tea polyphenol-chitosan composite membranes. 29782977 3 33 theme heat-sealing 701:712 arg1 strength 714:721 the heat-sealing strength 697:721 the heat-sealing strength 697:721 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 0 34 theme composite 70:78 arg1 membranes 80:88 composite membranes 70:88 composite membranes 70:88 Preparation and properties of polylactic acid-tea polyphenol-chitosan composite membranes. 29782977 1 35 theme PLA-TP- 260:266 arg1 membranes 281:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes 260:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations 260:317 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 1 36 theme membranes 128:136 arg1 properties 104:113 the properties 100:113 the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS) 100:212 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 3 37 theme pure 637:640 arg1 membrane 646:653 the pure PLA membrane 633:653 the pure PLA membrane 633:653 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 1 38 theme CS 268:269 arg1 membranes 281:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes 260:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations 260:317 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 2 39 theme membranes 535:543 arg1 performance 506:516 the comprehensive performance 488:516 the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes 488:543 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 40 theme mass 975:978 arg1 rate 985:988 mass loss rate 975:988 mass loss rate 975:988 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 1 41 theme composite 271:279 arg1 membranes 281:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes 260:289 PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations 260:317 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 2 42 theme composite 525:533 arg1 membranes 535:543 the composite membranes 521:543 the composite membranes 521:543 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 43 with membrane 893:900 arg1 ratio 916:920 the mass ratio 907:920 the mass ratio of TP to CS 907:932 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 44 dep density 335:341 arg1 the 331:333 the 331:333 the 331:333 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 4 45 theme vitamin 1052:1058 arg1 C 1060:1060 vitamin C 1052:1060 vitamin C 1052:1060 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 1 46 theme polylactic 152:161 arg1 PLA 169:171 PLA 169:171 PLA 169:171 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 1 46 theme polylactic 152:161 arg1 acid 163:166 polylactic acid 152:166 polylactic acid (PLA) 152:172 To study the properties of composite membranes consisting of polylactic acid (PLA), tea polyphenol (TP), and chitosan (CS), the stretch film method was employed to make PLA-TP- CS composite membranes of different concentrations. 29782977 3 47 theme membrane 782:789 arg1 strength 714:721 the heat-sealing strength 697:721 the heat-sealing strength 697:721 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 3 47 theme membrane 782:789 arg1 permeability 736:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 3 47 theme membrane 782:789 arg1 solubility 754:763 solubility 754:763 solubility 754:763 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 4 48 theme composite 883:891 arg1 membrane 893:900 the composite membrane 879:900 the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 879:939 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 2 49 theme mechanical 344:353 arg1 properties 355:364 mechanical properties 344:364 mechanical properties 344:364 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 3 50 theme vapor 730:734 arg1 permeability 736:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 2 51 theme membrane 450:457 arg1 permeability 405:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 water vapor permeability 393:416 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 51 theme membrane 450:457 arg1 solubility 423:432 solubility 423:432 solubility 423:432 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 51 theme membrane 450:457 arg1 density 335:341 density 335:341 density 335:341 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 51 theme membrane 450:457 arg1 properties 355:364 mechanical properties 344:364 mechanical properties 344:364 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 2 51 theme membrane 450:457 arg1 performance 380:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 heat-sealing performance 367:390 By testing the density, mechanical properties, heat-sealing performance, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the pure PLA membrane and the composite membranes, the comprehensive performance of the composite membranes were analyzed with regard to the actual use value. 29782977 3 52 theme PLA 642:644 arg1 membrane 646:653 the pure PLA membrane 633:653 the pure PLA membrane 633:653 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 29782977 4 53 theme 3:7 937:939 arg1 membrane 893:900 the composite membrane 879:900 the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 879:939 When the composite membrane is used for the preservation of cherries, it is found that the composite membrane with the mass ratio of TP to CS of 3:7 can decrease the rotting rate and mass loss rate significantly, postpone the consumption of soluble solids and vitamin C, maintain the quality of the cherries, and extend the shelf life, thus proving its potential for application in food packaging. 29782977 3 54 theme water 724:728 arg1 permeability 736:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 water vapor permeability 724:747 The results show that, compared with the pure PLA membrane, adding TP and CS significantly increases the heat-sealing strength, water vapor permeability, and solubility of the composite membrane. 30612516 3 0 theme enhanced 675:682 arg1 recovery 695:702 enhanced behavioral recovery 675:702 enhanced behavioral recovery 675:702 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30612516 0 1 theme Tissue 84:89 arg1 Repair 91:96 Tissue Repair 84:96 Tissue Repair 84:96 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 1 2 theme neural 360:365 arg1 tissue 367:372 neural tissue 360:372 neural tissue 360:372 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 0 3 theme Stroke-Injured 101:114 arg1 Rats 116:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 1 4 dep sustained 269:277 arg1 local 280:284 local 280:284 local 280:284 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 1 5 theme brain 252:256 arg1 surface 237:243 the surface 233:243 the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue 233:372 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 1 6 theme additional 339:348 arg1 damage 350:355 additional damage 339:355 additional damage to neural tissue 339:372 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 3 7 theme behavioral 684:693 arg1 recovery 695:702 enhanced behavioral recovery 675:702 enhanced behavioral recovery 675:702 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30612516 0 8 theme Factor 45:50 arg1 Delivery 6:13 Local Delivery 0:13 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 0:50 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 1 9 theme brain-derived 173:185 arg1 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 1 9 theme brain-derived 173:185 arg1 factor 200:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 173:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 173:212 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 3 10 theme synaptic 708:715 arg1 plasticity 717:726 synaptic plasticity 708:726 synaptic plasticity 708:726 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30612516 1 11 theme neurotrophic 187:198 arg1 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 1 11 theme neurotrophic 187:198 arg1 factor 200:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 173:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 173:212 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 0 12 theme Local 0:4 arg1 Delivery 6:13 Local Delivery 0:13 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 0:50 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 1 13 link brain-derived 173:185 arg1 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 BDNF 208:211 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 1 13 link brain-derived 173:185 arg1 factor 200:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 173:205 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 173:212 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 0 14 theme Brain-Derived 18:30 arg1 Factor 45:50 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 18:50 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 18:50 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 1 15 theme sustained 269:277 arg1 release 286:292 sustained, local release 269:292 sustained, local release of the protein 269:307 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 0 16 from Repair 91:96 arg1 Rats 116:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 2 17 theme nanoparticle 452:463 arg1 encapsulation 465:477 nanoparticle encapsulation 452:477 nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF 452:485 The composite is simple to fabricate, and provides sustained release without nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF, preserving material and protein bioactivity. 30612516 3 18 theme rat 587:589 arg1 model 591:595 a rat model 585:595 a rat model of stroke 585:605 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30612516 0 19 theme Neurotrophic 32:43 arg1 Factor 45:50 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 18:50 Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor 18:50 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 0 20 theme Behavioral 60:69 arg1 Recovery 71:78 Behavioral Recovery 60:78 Behavioral Recovery 60:78 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 2 21 theme protein 512:518 arg1 bioactivity 520:530 protein bioactivity 512:530 protein bioactivity 512:530 The composite is simple to fabricate, and provides sustained release without nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF, preserving material and protein bioactivity. 30612516 0 22 from Recovery 71:78 arg1 Rats 116:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Stroke-Injured Rats 101:119 Local Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Enables Behavioral Recovery and Tissue Repair in Stroke-Injured Rats. 30612516 3 23 theme contralesional 735:748 arg1 hemisphere 750:759 the contralesional hemisphere 731:759 the contralesional hemisphere 731:759 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30612516 2 24 theme sustained 426:434 arg1 release 436:442 sustained release 426:442 sustained release 426:442 The composite is simple to fabricate, and provides sustained release without nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF, preserving material and protein bioactivity. 30612516 1 25 theme protein 301:307 arg1 release 286:292 sustained, local release 269:292 sustained, local release of the protein 269:307 We developed a biocomposite that can be mixed with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dispensed onto the surface of the brain to provide sustained, local release of the protein using a procedure that avoids additional damage to neural tissue. 30612516 2 26 theme BDNF 482:485 arg1 encapsulation 465:477 nanoparticle encapsulation 452:477 nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF 452:485 The composite is simple to fabricate, and provides sustained release without nanoparticle encapsulation of BDNF, preserving material and protein bioactivity. 30612516 3 27 theme stroke 600:605 arg1 model 591:595 a rat model 585:595 a rat model of stroke 585:605 We demonstrate that when delivered epicortically to a rat model of stroke, this composite allows BDNF to diffuse into the brain, resulting in enhanced behavioral recovery and synaptic plasticity in the contralesional hemisphere. 30982191 3 0 theme thermal 628:634 arg1 TG 646:647 TG 646:647 TG 646:647 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 3 0 theme thermal 628:634 arg1 analysis 636:643 thermal analysis 628:643 thermal analysis (TG) 628:648 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 4 1 theme kinetic 792:798 arg1 data 800:803 the kinetic data 788:803 the kinetic data 788:803 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 5 2 from 700 mg/L 1137:1144 arg1 concentration 1112:1124 the initial concentration 1100:1124 the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1100:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 6 3 theme porous 1234:1239 arg1 responsible 1272:1282 responsible 1272:1282 responsible 1272:1282 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 6 3 theme porous 1234:1239 arg1 structure 1241:1249 The porous structure 1230:1249 The porous structure of the composite 1230:1266 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 5 4 theme kinetics 1167:1174 arg1 data 1176:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data 1149:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1149:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 5 5 theme initial 1104:1110 arg1 concentration 1112:1124 the initial concentration 1100:1124 the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1100:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 2 6 with clay 330:333 arg1 method 392:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 5 7 theme adsorption 960:969 arg1 process 971:977 the adsorption process 956:977 the adsorption process 956:977 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 4 8 theme Dubinin-Radushkevich 835:854 arg1 models 874:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 0 9 theme hectorite 81:89 arg1 clay 91:94 cationic hectorite clay 72:94 cationic hectorite clay 72:94 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 3 10 dep transform 663:671 arg1 infrared 673:680 infrared 673:680 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 663:701 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 5 11 from data 1176:1179 arg1 concentration 1112:1124 the initial concentration 1100:1124 the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1100:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 2 12 from solutions 508:516 arg1 removal 472:478 the removal 468:478 the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions 468:516 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 0 13 theme cationic 72:79 arg1 clay 91:94 cationic hectorite clay 72:94 cationic hectorite clay 72:94 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 6 14 theme composite 1258:1266 arg1 responsible 1272:1282 responsible 1272:1282 responsible 1272:1282 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 6 14 theme composite 1258:1266 arg1 structure 1241:1249 The porous structure 1230:1249 The porous structure of the composite 1230:1266 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 4 15 theme Temkin 867:872 arg1 models 874:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 5 16 theme Freundlich 1003:1012 arg1 model 1023:1027 the Freundlich isotherm model 999:1027 the Freundlich isotherm model 999:1027 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 4 17 theme adsorption 910:919 arg1 isotherms 921:929 the adsorption isotherms 906:929 the adsorption isotherms 906:929 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 2 18 with alginate 354:361 arg1 method 392:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 1 19 from groups 242:247 arg1 rich 212:215 rich 212:215 rich 212:215 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 2 20 theme simple 370:375 arg1 method 392:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 2 21 theme hectorite 320:328 arg1 clay 330:333 cationic hectorite clay 311:333 cationic hectorite clay 311:333 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 2 22 theme ionic 377:381 arg1 method 392:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 6 23 theme ions 1311:1314 arg1 adsorption 1292:1301 the adsorption 1288:1301 the adsorption of Cu2+ ions 1288:1314 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 2 24 theme aqueous 500:506 arg1 solutions 508:516 aqueous solutions 500:516 aqueous solutions 500:516 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 2 25 theme cationic 311:318 arg1 clay 330:333 cationic hectorite clay 311:333 cationic hectorite clay 311:333 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 0 26 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of copper ions 0:31 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 1 27 theme carboxyl 220:227 arg1 groups 242:247 carboxyl and hydroxyl groups 220:247 groups 242:247 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 7 28 theme adsorption 1325:1334 arg1 ability 1336:1342 the adsorption ability 1321:1342 the adsorption ability 1321:1342 But the adsorption ability could be improved by pH. Finally, the adsorption mechanism was suggested. 30982191 5 29 theme maximum 1037:1043 arg1 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 5 29 theme maximum 1037:1043 arg1 capacity 1054:1061 the maximum sorption capacity 1033:1061 the maximum sorption capacity 1033:1061 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 1 30 theme linear 151:156 arg1 alginate 132:139 Sodium alginate 125:139 Sodium alginate (SA) 125:144 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 1 30 theme linear 151:156 arg1 nontoxic 183:190 nontoxic 183:190 nontoxic 183:190 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 1 30 theme linear 151:156 arg1 biopolymer 158:167 a linear biopolymer 149:167 a linear biopolymer 149:167 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 0 31 theme copper 21:26 arg1 ions 28:31 copper ions 21:31 copper ions 21:31 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 4 32 theme pseudo-first-order 708:725 arg1 models 759:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 2 33 theme copper 483:488 arg1 ions 490:493 copper ions 483:493 copper ions 483:493 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 1 34 theme hydroxyl 233:240 arg1 groups 242:247 carboxyl and hydroxyl groups 220:247 groups 242:247 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 0 35 theme anionic 100:106 arg1 alginate 115:122 anionic sodium alginate 100:122 anionic sodium alginate 100:122 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 2 36 theme sodium 347:352 arg1 alginate 354:361 anionic sodium alginate 339:361 anionic sodium alginate 339:361 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 5 37 theme sorption 1045:1052 arg1 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 160.28 mg/g 1082:1092 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 5 37 theme sorption 1045:1052 arg1 capacity 1054:1061 the maximum sorption capacity 1033:1061 the maximum sorption capacity 1033:1061 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 4 38 theme pseudo-second-order 731:749 arg1 models 759:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 2 39 theme anionic 339:345 arg1 alginate 354:361 anionic sodium alginate 339:361 anionic sodium alginate 339:361 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 0 40 theme ions 28:31 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of copper ions 0:31 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 0 41 theme hydrogel 41:48 arg1 bead 50:53 a hydrogel bead 39:53 a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate 39:122 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 4 42 theme Langmuir 813:820 arg1 models 874:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 5 43 dep 700 mg/L 1137:1144 arg1 to 1134:1135 to 1134:1135 to 1134:1135 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 5 44 theme isotherm 1014:1021 arg1 model 1023:1027 the Freundlich isotherm model 999:1027 the Freundlich isotherm model 999:1027 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 2 45 theme hydrogel 277:284 arg1 bead 286:289 the SA-based hydrogel bead 264:289 the SA-based hydrogel bead 264:289 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 2 46 theme gelation 383:390 arg1 method 392:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 a simple ionic gelation method 368:397 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 0 47 theme sodium 108:113 arg1 alginate 115:122 anionic sodium alginate 100:122 anionic sodium alginate 100:122 Efficient removal of copper ions using a hydrogel bead triggered by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate. 30982191 4 48 theme kinetic 751:757 arg1 models 759:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 2 49 theme SA-based 268:275 arg1 bead 286:289 the SA-based hydrogel bead 264:289 the SA-based hydrogel bead 264:289 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 8 50 dep abstract 1428:1435 arg1 Graphical 1418:1426 Graphical 1418:1426 Graphical 1418:1426 Graphical abstract. 30982191 4 51 used used 771:774 arg2 models 759:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models 704:764 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 4 52 theme Freundlich 823:832 arg1 models 874:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models 809:879 The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), and Temkin models were applied to describe the adsorption isotherms. 30982191 3 53 theme X-ray 556:560 arg1 XRD 575:577 XRD 575:577 XRD 575:577 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 3 53 theme X-ray 556:560 arg1 diffraction 562:572 X-ray diffraction 556:572 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 556:578 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 7 54 theme adsorption 1382:1391 arg1 mechanism 1393:1401 the adsorption mechanism 1378:1401 the adsorption mechanism 1378:1401 But the adsorption ability could be improved by pH. Finally, the adsorption mechanism was suggested. 30982191 2 55 theme ions 490:493 arg1 removal 472:478 the removal 468:478 the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions 468:516 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 3 56 theme nitrogen 581:588 arg1 BET 622:624 BET 622:624 BET 622:624 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 3 56 theme nitrogen 581:588 arg1 isotherm 612:619 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm 581:619 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET) 581:625 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 5 57 theme pseudo-second-order 1198:1216 arg1 model 1223:1227 pseudo-second-order rate model 1198:1227 pseudo-second-order rate model 1198:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 2 58 theme adsorption 428:437 arg1 properties 439:448 the adsorption properties 424:448 the adsorption properties 424:448 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 3 59 theme adsorption-desorption 590:610 arg1 BET 622:624 BET 622:624 BET 622:624 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 3 59 theme adsorption-desorption 590:610 arg1 isotherm 612:619 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm 581:619 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET) 581:625 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 2 60 dep clay 330:333 arg1 the 307:309 the 307:309 the 307:309 In the paper, the SA-based hydrogel bead was prepared by the cationic hectorite clay and anionic sodium alginate with a simple ionic gelation method under freeze-drying, and the adsorption properties were evaluated by the removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions. 30982191 1 61 theme Sodium 125:130 arg1 alginate 132:139 Sodium alginate 125:139 Sodium alginate (SA) 125:144 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 1 61 theme Sodium 125:130 arg1 nontoxic 183:190 nontoxic 183:190 nontoxic 183:190 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 1 61 theme Sodium 125:130 arg1 biopolymer 158:167 a linear biopolymer 149:167 a linear biopolymer 149:167 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 1 61 theme Sodium 125:130 arg1 SA 142:143 SA 142:143 SA 142:143 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 5 62 theme rate 1218:1221 arg1 model 1223:1227 pseudo-second-order rate model 1198:1227 pseudo-second-order rate model 1198:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 6 63 theme Cu2+ 1306:1309 arg1 ions 1311:1314 Cu2+ ions 1306:1314 Cu2+ ions 1306:1314 The porous structure of the composite was responsible for the adsorption of Cu2+ ions. 30982191 3 64 dep Fourier 655:661 arg1 transform 663:671 transform 663:671 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 663:701 The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET), thermal analysis (TG), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 30982191 1 65 from rich 212:215 arg1 groups 242:247 carboxyl and hydroxyl groups 220:247 groups 242:247 Sodium alginate (SA) is a linear biopolymer, which is the nontoxic, biodegradable, and rich in carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. 30982191 5 66 theme Adsorption 1156:1165 arg1 data 1176:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data 1149:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1149:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30982191 5 67 theme 45 °C. 1149:1154 arg1 data 1176:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data 1149:1179 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model 1149:1227 The results showed that the adsorption process was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity was observed to be 160.28 mg/g under the initial concentration from 10 to 700 mg/L at 45 °C. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well with pseudo-second-order rate model. 30172810 5 0 dep effective 1174:1182 arg1 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 0 dep effective 1174:1182 arg1 nanocomposite 1156:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 0 dep effective 1174:1182 arg1 reduction 1250:1258 drastic reduction 1242:1258 drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1242:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 0 1 theme important 185:193 arg1 pests 202:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 9 2 theme insect 1853:1858 arg1 pests 1860:1864 economically important insect pests 1830:1864 economically important insect pests 1830:1864 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 1 3 theme chitosan 284:291 arg1 biocompatibility 264:279 biocompatibility 264:279 biocompatibility of chitosan 264:291 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 1 3 theme chitosan 284:291 arg1 activity 251:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 2 4 theme silica 691:696 arg1 column 702:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 7 5 theme zebra 1581:1585 arg1 fish 1587:1590 zebra fish 1581:1590 zebra fish 1581:1590 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 3 6 theme ionic 780:784 arg1 method 795:800 ionic gelation method 780:800 ionic gelation method 780:800 Chitosan nanocomposite was prepared with metabolites thus acquired by ionic gelation method. 30172810 6 7 theme toxicity 1405:1412 arg1 evaluation 1377:1386 evaluation 1377:1386 evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells 1377:1481 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 9 8 theme non-target 1884:1893 arg1 organisms 1895:1903 non-target organisms 1884:1903 non-target organisms 1884:1903 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 0 9 theme green 152:156 arg1 pesticide 158:166 green pesticide 152:166 green pesticide against economic important insect pests 152:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 4 10 with stability 852:860 arg1 loading 903:909 high loading 898:909 high loading 898:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 6 11 theme in 1436:1437 arg1 hemolysis 1445:1453 in vitro hemolysis 1436:1453 in vitro hemolysis 1436:1453 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 2 12 theme collected 603:611 arg1 filtrate 613:620 the collected filtrate 599:620 the collected filtrate 599:620 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 5 13 theme larval 1200:1205 arg1 stages 1207:1212 all the larval stages 1192:1212 all the larval stages in terms of high mortality 1192:1239 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 14 theme Insecticidal 938:949 arg1 activity 951:958 Insecticidal activity 938:958 Insecticidal activity 938:958 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 9 15 dep nanocomposite 1734:1746 arg1 prepared 1748:1755 prepared 1748:1755 nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms 1734:1903 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 6 16 theme peripheral 1460:1469 arg1 cells 1477:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 5 17 theme larval 1021:1026 arg1 instars 1028:1034 larval instars 1021:1034 larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1021:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 2 18 theme yeast 568:572 arg1 broth 582:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth 550:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 550:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 18 theme yeast 568:572 arg1 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 8 19 theme nanocomposite 1632:1644 arg1 treatment 1646:1654 the nanocomposite treatment 1628:1654 the nanocomposite treatment 1628:1654 Hemolysis was also not recorded in the nanocomposite treatment. 30172810 5 20 theme mortality 1231:1239 arg1 terms 1217:1221 terms 1217:1221 terms of high mortality 1217:1239 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 2 21 theme sabouraud 550:558 arg1 broth 582:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth 550:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 550:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 21 theme sabouraud 550:558 arg1 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 4 22 with particles 883:891 arg1 loading 903:909 high loading 898:909 high loading 898:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 5 23 theme drastic 1242:1248 arg1 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 23 theme drastic 1242:1248 arg1 nanocomposite 1156:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 23 theme drastic 1242:1248 arg1 reduction 1250:1258 drastic reduction 1242:1258 drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1242:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 24 theme mortality 1003:1011 arg1 determination 975:987 determination 975:987 determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 975:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 4 25 with efficiency 926:935 arg1 loading 903:909 high loading 898:909 high loading 898:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 0 26 theme enhanced 95:102 arg1 activity 115:122 the enhanced larvicidal activity 91:122 the enhanced larvicidal activity 91:122 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 1 27 theme fungal 402:407 arg1 agent 423:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent 392:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 392:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 5 28 theme biochemical 1072:1082 arg1 composition 1084:1094 biochemical composition 1072:1094 biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1072:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 2 29 theme gel 698:700 arg1 column 702:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 5 30 from instars 1028:1034 arg1 composition 1084:1094 biochemical composition 1072:1094 biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1072:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 7 31 theme nanocomposite 1493:1505 arg1 treatment 1507:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment 1484:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment 1484:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 5 32 dep midgut 1263:1268 arg1 composition 1311:1321 biochemical composition 1299:1321 biochemical composition 1299:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 0 33 theme Insecticidal 0:11 arg1 metabolites 20:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites 0:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites 0:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 5 34 theme macromolecules 1284:1297 arg1 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 34 theme macromolecules 1284:1297 arg1 nanocomposite 1156:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 34 theme macromolecules 1284:1297 arg1 reduction 1250:1258 drastic reduction 1242:1258 drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1242:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 35 theme litura 1050:1055 arg1 instars 1028:1034 larval instars 1021:1034 larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1021:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 36 theme changes 1061:1067 arg1 instars 1028:1034 larval instars 1021:1034 larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1021:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 3 37 theme Chitosan 710:717 arg1 nanocomposite 719:731 Chitosan nanocomposite 710:731 Chitosan nanocomposite 710:731 Chitosan nanocomposite was prepared with metabolites thus acquired by ionic gelation method. 30172810 4 38 theme high 898:901 arg1 loading 903:909 high loading 898:909 high loading 898:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 0 39 theme chitosan 43:50 arg1 preparation 75:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation 43:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity 43:122 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 1 40 theme polymer 335:341 arg1 chitosan 343:350 biocompatible polymer chitosan 321:350 biocompatible polymer chitosan 321:350 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 2 41 theme fungal 527:532 arg1 strain 534:539 fungal strain 527:539 fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 527:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 1 42 attach derived 379:385 arg2 metabolites 367:377 insecticidal metabolites 354:377 insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 354:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 1 42 attach derived 379:385 arg1 agent 423:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent 392:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 392:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 4 43 theme entrapment 915:924 arg1 efficiency 926:935 entrapment efficiency 915:935 entrapment efficiency 915:935 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 5 44 from changes 1061:1067 arg1 composition 1084:1094 biochemical composition 1072:1094 biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1072:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 9 45 theme pest 1809:1812 arg1 control 1814:1820 pest control 1809:1820 pest control against economically important insect pests 1809:1864 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 5 46 from litura 1050:1055 arg1 composition 1084:1094 biochemical composition 1072:1094 biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1072:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 1 47 theme pesticidal 240:249 arg1 activity 251:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 0 48 theme insect 195:200 arg1 pests 202:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 9 49 theme important 1843:1851 arg1 pests 1860:1864 economically important insect pests 1830:1864 economically important insect pests 1830:1864 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 2 50 theme ethyl 641:645 arg1 acetate 647:653 ethyl acetate 641:653 ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column 641:707 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 9 51 theme insecticidal 1689:1700 arg1 metabolites 1702:1712 insecticidal metabolites 1689:1712 insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan 1689:1732 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 6 52 dep in 1436:1437 arg1 vitro 1439:1443 vitro 1439:1443 vitro 1439:1443 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 2 53 theme G-60 686:689 arg1 column 702:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 G-60 silica gel column 686:707 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 7 54 theme fish 1587:1590 arg1 stages 1571:1576 the developmental stages 1553:1576 the developmental stages of zebra fish 1553:1590 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 3 55 theme gelation 786:793 arg1 method 795:800 ionic gelation method 780:800 ionic gelation method 780:800 Chitosan nanocomposite was prepared with metabolites thus acquired by ionic gelation method. 30172810 6 56 theme developmental 1391:1403 arg1 toxicity 1405:1412 developmental toxicity 1391:1412 developmental toxicity 1391:1412 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 0 57 theme effective 129:137 arg1 strategy 139:146 An effective strategy 126:146 An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests 126:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 6 58 with hemolysis 1445:1453 arg1 cells 1477:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 7 59 theme developmental 1557:1569 arg1 stages 1571:1576 the developmental stages 1553:1576 the developmental stages of zebra fish 1553:1590 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 1 60 theme present 216:222 arg1 study 224:228 the present study 212:228 the present study 212:228 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 1 61 theme insecticidal 354:365 arg1 metabolites 367:377 insecticidal metabolites 354:377 insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 354:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 6 62 theme blood 1471:1475 arg1 cells 1477:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 7 63 theme toxic 1537:1541 arg1 effect 1543:1548 any toxic effect 1533:1548 any toxic effect 1533:1548 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 4 64 contain have 842:845 arg2 stability 852:860 high stability 847:860 high stability 847:860 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 4 64 contain have 842:845 arg2 particles 883:891 uniformly dispersed particles 863:891 uniformly dispersed particles with high loading 863:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 4 64 contain have 842:845 arg1 nanocomposite 815:827 Synthesized nanocomposite 803:827 Synthesized nanocomposite 803:827 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 4 64 contain have 842:845 arg2 efficiency 926:935 entrapment efficiency 915:935 entrapment efficiency 915:935 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 0 65 theme economic 176:183 arg1 pests 202:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 economic important insect pests 176:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 0 66 dep fabricated 32:41 arg1 strategy 139:146 An effective strategy 126:146 An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests 126:206 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 9 67 theme observed 1661:1668 arg1 results 1670:1676 The observed results 1657:1676 The observed results 1657:1676 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 6 68 theme nanocomposite 1344:1356 arg1 Biocompatibility 1324:1339 Biocompatibility 1324:1339 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite 1324:1356 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 6 69 with zebrafish 1422:1430 arg1 cells 1477:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 peripheral blood cells 1460:1481 Biocompatibility of nanocomposite was carried out by evaluation of developmental toxicity against zebrafish and in vitro hemolysis with peripheral blood cells. 30172810 2 70 theme maltose 560:566 arg1 broth 582:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth 550:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 550:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 70 theme maltose 560:566 arg1 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 5 71 from stages 1207:1212 arg1 terms 1217:1221 terms 1217:1221 terms of high mortality 1217:1239 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 72 theme cumulative 992:1001 arg1 mortality 1003:1011 cumulative mortality 992:1011 cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 992:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 1 73 dep nanocomposite 293:305 arg1 prepared 307:314 prepared 307:314 nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan 293:350 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 0 74 theme larvicidal 104:113 arg1 activity 115:122 the enhanced larvicidal activity 91:122 the enhanced larvicidal activity 91:122 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 1 75 theme potential 392:400 arg1 agent 423:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent 392:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 392:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 1 76 theme biopesticidal 409:421 arg1 agent 423:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent 392:427 potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi 392:443 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 7 77 theme Chitosan 1484:1491 arg1 treatment 1507:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment 1484:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment 1484:1515 Chitosan nanocomposite treatment was not induced any toxic effect on the developmental stages of zebra fish. 30172810 2 78 theme extract 574:580 arg1 broth 582:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth 550:586 sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 550:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 78 theme extract 574:580 arg1 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 SMYB 589:592 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 4 79 theme high 847:850 arg1 stability 852:860 high stability 847:860 high stability 847:860 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 0 80 theme fungal 13:18 arg1 metabolites 20:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites 0:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites 0:30 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 5 81 theme high 1226:1229 arg1 mortality 1231:1239 high mortality 1226:1239 high mortality 1226:1239 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 82 theme Spodoptera 1039:1048 arg1 litura 1050:1055 Spodoptera litura 1039:1055 Spodoptera litura 1039:1055 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 2 83 theme culture 507:513 arg1 filtrate 515:522 the culture filtrate 503:522 the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 503:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 4 84 theme Synthesized 803:813 arg1 nanocomposite 815:827 Synthesized nanocomposite 803:827 Synthesized nanocomposite 803:827 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 5 85 theme biochemical 1299:1309 arg1 composition 1311:1321 biochemical composition 1299:1321 biochemical composition 1299:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 9 86 theme present 1764:1770 arg1 candidates 1794:1803 a promising candidates 1782:1803 a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests 1782:1864 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 9 86 theme present 1764:1770 arg1 system 1772:1777 our present system 1760:1777 our present system 1760:1777 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 0 87 theme nanocomposite 52:64 arg1 preparation 75:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation 43:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity 43:122 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 1 88 theme biocompatible 321:333 arg1 chitosan 343:350 biocompatible polymer chitosan 321:350 biocompatible polymer chitosan 321:350 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 2 89 attach isolated 489:496 arg2 metabolites 472:482 Insecticidal metabolites 459:482 Insecticidal metabolites 459:482 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 89 attach isolated 489:496 arg1 filtrate 515:522 the culture filtrate 503:522 the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 503:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 90 theme strain 534:539 arg1 filtrate 515:522 the culture filtrate 503:522 the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) 503:593 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 2 91 theme Insecticidal 459:470 arg1 metabolites 472:482 Insecticidal metabolites 459:482 Insecticidal metabolites 459:482 Insecticidal metabolites were isolated from the culture filtrate of fungal strain grown in sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) and the collected filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate followed by purification using G-60 silica gel column. 30172810 0 92 theme IM-CNC 67:72 arg1 preparation 75:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation 43:85 chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity 43:122 Insecticidal fungal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite (IM-CNC) preparation for the enhanced larvicidal activity - An effective strategy for green pesticide against economic important insect pests. 30172810 5 93 theme midgut 1263:1268 arg1 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 effective 1174:1182 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 93 theme midgut 1263:1268 arg1 nanocomposite 1156:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 the nanocomposite 1152:1168 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 93 theme midgut 1263:1268 arg1 reduction 1250:1258 drastic reduction 1242:1258 drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1242:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 9 94 theme promising 1784:1792 arg1 candidates 1794:1803 a promising candidates 1782:1803 a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests 1782:1864 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 9 94 theme promising 1784:1792 arg1 system 1772:1777 our present system 1760:1777 our present system 1760:1777 The observed results imply that insecticidal metabolites fabricated chitosan nanocomposite prepared in our present system is a promising candidates for pest control against economically important insect pests without affecting non-target organisms. 30172810 5 95 theme hemolymph 1274:1282 arg1 macromolecules 1284:1297 hemolymph macromolecules 1274:1297 hemolymph macromolecules 1274:1297 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 96 theme midgut 1099:1104 arg1 composition 1084:1094 biochemical composition 1072:1094 biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1072:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 1 97 theme enhanced 231:238 arg1 activity 251:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 enhanced pesticidal activity 231:258 In the present study, enhanced pesticidal activity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanocomposite prepared with biocompatible polymer chitosan - insecticidal metabolites derived from potential fungal biopesticidal agent Nomuraea rileyi were studied. 30172810 5 98 theme hemolymph 1107:1115 arg1 midgut 1099:1104 midgut 1099:1104 midgut 1099:1104 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 5 98 theme hemolymph 1107:1115 arg1 macromolecules 1117:1130 hemolymph macromolecules 1107:1130 hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1107:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 30172810 4 99 theme dispersed 873:881 arg1 particles 883:891 uniformly dispersed particles 863:891 uniformly dispersed particles with high loading 863:909 Synthesized nanocomposite was found to have high stability, uniformly dispersed particles with high loading and entrapment efficiency. 30172810 5 100 from composition 1084:1094 arg1 instars 1028:1034 larval instars 1021:1034 larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition 1021:1321 Insecticidal activity was studied by determination of cumulative mortality against larval instars of Spodoptera litura and changes in biochemical composition of midgut, hemolymph macromolecules which revealed that the nanocomposite was effective against all the larval stages in terms of high mortality, drastic reduction of midgut and hemolymph macromolecules biochemical composition. 31047056 0 0 theme TiO2-Ag 91:97 arg1 nanoparticles 99:111 TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 91:111 TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 91:111 Photocatalytic/biodegradable film based on carboxymethyl cellulose, modified by gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles. 31047056 3 1 with particles 527:535 arg1 50-100 nm 542:550 50-100 nm 542:550 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film 542:586 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 1 2 theme cellulose 160:168 arg1 film 176:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film 146:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 146:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 4 3 theme mechanical 608:617 arg1 test 619:622 the mechanical test 604:622 the mechanical test 604:622 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 2 4 theme FT-IR 375:379 arg1 results 381:387 FT-IR results 375:387 FT-IR results 375:387 FT-IR results showed that new interactions between the film components were created. 31047056 5 5 contain has 902:904 arg1 film 897:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 5 5 contain has 902:904 arg2 property 926:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 3 6 theme CMC/Gelatin 571:581 arg1 film 583:586 the CMC/Gelatin film 567:586 the CMC/Gelatin film 567:586 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 6 7 theme Gas 936:938 arg1 chromatography 940:953 Gas chromatography 936:953 Gas chromatography 936:953 Gas chromatography was used to study photocatalytic effects of film. 31047056 4 8 theme test 619:622 arg1 results 593:599 The results 589:599 The results of the mechanical test 589:622 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 6 9 used used 959:962 arg2 chromatography 940:953 Gas chromatography 936:953 Gas chromatography 936:953 Gas chromatography was used to study photocatalytic effects of film. 31047056 1 10 theme CMC 171:173 arg1 film 176:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film 146:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 146:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 3 11 theme microscopy 478:487 arg1 results 495:501 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results 460:501 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results 460:501 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 6 12 theme film 999:1002 arg1 effects 988:994 photocatalytic effects 973:994 photocatalytic effects of film 973:1002 Gas chromatography was used to study photocatalytic effects of film. 31047056 1 13 theme film 176:179 arg1 film 176:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film 146:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 146:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 13 theme film 176:179 arg1 composite 133:141 the composite 129:141 the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 129:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 0 14 theme Photocatalytic/biodegradable 0:27 arg1 film 29:31 Photocatalytic/biodegradable film 0:31 Photocatalytic/biodegradable film 0:31 Photocatalytic/biodegradable film based on carboxymethyl cellulose, modified by gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles. 31047056 5 15 theme CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 881:895 arg1 film 897:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 4 16 theme nanoparticles 773:785 arg1 concentrations 787:800 nanoparticles concentrations 773:800 nanoparticles concentrations 773:800 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 3 17 theme Scanning 460:467 arg1 SEM 490:492 SEM 490:492 SEM 490:492 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 3 17 theme Scanning 460:467 arg1 microscopy 478:487 Scanning electron microscopy 460:487 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results 460:501 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 5 18 theme Photocatalytic 835:848 arg1 study 850:854 Photocatalytic study 835:854 Photocatalytic study 835:854 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 4 19 from concentrations 669:682 arg1 nanoparticles 648:660 the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 636:660 the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations 636:682 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 4 20 theme low 665:667 arg1 concentrations 669:682 low concentrations 665:682 low concentrations 665:682 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 1 21 theme synthesized 283:293 arg1 film 295:298 synthesized film 283:298 synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 283:354 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 22 theme gelatin 195:201 arg1 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 22 theme gelatin 195:201 arg1 nanoparticles 215:227 gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 195:227 gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 195:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 23 theme film 295:298 arg1 properties 269:278 some properties 264:278 some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 264:354 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 2 24 theme new 401:403 arg1 interactions 405:416 new interactions 401:416 new interactions between the film components 401:444 FT-IR results showed that new interactions between the film components were created. 31047056 0 25 theme carboxymethyl 42:54 arg1 cellulose 56:64 carboxymethyl cellulose 42:64 carboxymethyl cellulose 42:64 Photocatalytic/biodegradable film based on carboxymethyl cellulose, modified by gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles. 31047056 5 26 theme prepared 872:879 arg1 film 897:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film 868:900 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 1 27 theme TiO2-Ag 207:213 arg1 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag 230:244 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 27 theme TiO2-Ag 207:213 arg1 nanoparticles 215:227 gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 195:227 gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 195:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 1 28 theme physicochemical 310:324 arg1 properties 345:354 physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 310:354 physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 310:354 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 7 29 theme films 1092:1096 arg1 activity 1080:1087 the photocatalytic activity 1061:1087 the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene 1061:1129 Increasing TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film increases the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene. 31047056 3 30 theme electron 469:476 arg1 SEM 490:492 SEM 490:492 SEM 490:492 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 3 30 theme electron 469:476 arg1 microscopy 478:487 Scanning electron microscopy 460:487 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results 460:501 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 7 31 theme photocatalytic 1065:1078 arg1 activity 1080:1087 the photocatalytic activity 1061:1087 the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene 1061:1129 Increasing TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film increases the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene. 31047056 6 32 theme photocatalytic 973:986 arg1 effects 988:994 photocatalytic effects 973:994 photocatalytic effects of film 973:1002 Gas chromatography was used to study photocatalytic effects of film. 31047056 7 33 from particles 1029:1037 arg1 film 1046:1049 the film 1042:1049 the film 1042:1049 Increasing TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film increases the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene. 31047056 3 34 theme TiO2-Ag 519:525 arg1 particles 527:535 the TiO2-Ag particles 515:535 the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film 515:586 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 1 35 theme photocatalytic 330:343 arg1 properties 345:354 physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 310:354 physicochemical and photocatalytic properties 310:354 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 7 36 theme TiO2-Ag 1016:1022 arg1 particles 1029:1037 TiO2-Ag nano particles 1016:1037 TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film 1016:1049 Increasing TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film increases the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene. 31047056 5 37 theme good 906:909 arg1 property 926:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 3 38 dep showed 503:508 arg1 particles 527:535 the TiO2-Ag particles 515:535 the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film 515:586 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the TiO2-Ag particles with 50-100 nm distributed in the CMC/Gelatin film. 31047056 2 39 theme film 430:433 arg1 components 435:444 the film components 426:444 the film components 426:444 FT-IR results showed that new interactions between the film components were created. 31047056 5 40 theme photocatalytic 911:924 arg1 property 926:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 good photocatalytic property 906:933 Photocatalytic study showed that the prepared CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag film has good photocatalytic property. 31047056 4 41 theme tensile 694:700 arg1 strength 702:709 tensile strength 694:709 tensile strength (TS) 694:714 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 4 41 theme tensile 694:700 arg1 TS 712:713 TS 712:713 TS 712:713 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 31047056 7 42 theme nano 1024:1027 arg1 particles 1029:1037 TiO2-Ag nano particles 1016:1037 TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film 1016:1049 Increasing TiO2-Ag nano particles on the film increases the photocatalytic activity of films against NH3, ethanol and benzene. 31047056 1 43 theme carboxymethyl 146:158 arg1 film 176:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film 146:179 carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) 146:245 In this study, the composite of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film modified with gelatin and TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (CMC/Gel/TiO2-Ag) was prepared and some properties of synthesized film including physicochemical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. 31047056 4 44 theme TiO2-Ag 640:646 arg1 nanoparticles 648:660 the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles 636:660 the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations 636:682 The results of the mechanical test showed that the TiO2-Ag nanoparticles at low concentrations increased tensile strength (TS) and decreased strain to break (STB), but with increasing nanoparticles concentrations, TS decreased and STB increased. 30419381 7 0 theme water 1161:1165 arg1 bodies 1167:1172 water bodies 1161:1172 water bodies 1161:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 6 1 theme Fe3O4 905:909 arg1 composite 911:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 2 2 theme infrared 353:360 arg1 spectroscopy 362:373 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 335:373 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 335:373 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 5 3 theme maximum 761:767 arg1 capacity 780:787 The maximum adsorption capacity 757:787 The maximum adsorption capacity 757:787 The maximum adsorption capacity reached 469.48 mg g-1, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30419381 0 4 theme amine-functionalized 80:99 arg1 chitosan 101:108 magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan 71:108 magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan 71:108 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 2 5 theme Fourier-transform 335:351 arg1 spectroscopy 362:373 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 335:373 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 335:373 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 6 6 theme adsorption 935:944 arg1 characteristics 946:960 good adsorption characteristics 930:960 good adsorption characteristics 930:960 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 7 7 theme products 1147:1154 arg1 removal 1106:1112 efficient adsorptive removal 1085:1112 efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies 1085:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 3 8 theme pH 568:569 arg1 influence 555:563 the influence 551:563 the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS 551:641 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 3 9 theme DS 580:581 arg1 concentration 583:595 initial DS concentration 572:595 initial DS concentration 572:595 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 3 10 theme concentration 583:595 arg1 influence 555:563 the influence 551:563 the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS 551:641 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 0 11 from solutions 55:63 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Efficient adsorption 0:19 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions 0:63 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 2 12 theme sample 450:455 arg1 magnetometry 457:468 vibrating sample magnetometry 440:468 vibrating sample magnetometry 440:468 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 7 13 theme personal 1133:1140 arg1 products 1147:1154 personal care products 1133:1154 personal care products 1133:1154 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 1 14 theme amine-functionalized 168:187 arg1 chitosan 189:196 amine-functionalized chitosan 168:196 amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) 168:218 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30419381 0 15 theme aqueous 47:53 arg1 solutions 55:63 aqueous solutions 47:63 aqueous solutions 47:63 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 7 16 theme care 1142:1145 arg1 products 1147:1154 personal care products 1133:1154 personal care products 1133:1154 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 494:510 arg1 analysis 512:519 thermogravimetric analysis 494:519 thermogravimetric analysis 494:519 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 7 18 theme drugs 1123:1127 arg1 removal 1106:1112 efficient adsorptive removal 1085:1112 efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies 1085:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 5 19 theme adsorption 769:778 arg1 capacity 780:787 The maximum adsorption capacity 757:787 The maximum adsorption capacity 757:787 The maximum adsorption capacity reached 469.48 mg g-1, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30419381 2 20 theme Fe3O4 295:299 arg1 composite 301:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 2 21 theme electron 389:396 arg1 microscopy 398:407 transmission electron microscopy 376:407 transmission electron microscopy 376:407 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 0 22 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Efficient adsorption 0:19 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions 0:63 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 2 23 theme @ 294:294 arg1 composite 301:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 2 24 theme transmission 376:387 arg1 microscopy 398:407 transmission electron microscopy 376:407 transmission electron microscopy 376:407 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 0 25 theme diclofenac 24:33 arg1 sodium 35:40 diclofenac sodium 24:40 diclofenac sodium 24:40 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 3 26 theme adsorbent 602:610 arg1 dosage 612:617 adsorbent dosage 602:617 adsorbent dosage 602:617 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 2 27 theme AmCS 290:293 arg1 composite 301:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 5 28 theme kinetic 872:878 arg1 model 880:884 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 848:884 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 848:884 The maximum adsorption capacity reached 469.48 mg g-1, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30419381 2 29 theme vibrating 440:448 arg1 magnetometry 457:468 vibrating sample magnetometry 440:468 vibrating sample magnetometry 440:468 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 7 30 theme trace 1117:1121 arg1 drugs 1123:1127 trace drugs 1117:1127 trace drugs 1117:1127 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 6 31 theme @ 904:904 arg1 composite 911:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 2 32 theme fabricated 279:288 arg1 composite 301:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 275:309 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 7 33 used used 1076:1079 arg2 adsorbent 1057:1065 adsorbent 1057:1065 adsorbent 1057:1065 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 6 34 theme removal 998:1004 arg1 efficiency 1006:1015 removal efficiency 998:1015 removal efficiency exceeding 70% 998:1029 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 7 35 theme adsorptive 1095:1104 arg1 removal 1106:1112 efficient adsorptive removal 1085:1112 efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies 1085:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 6 36 theme AmCS 900:903 arg1 composite 911:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite 896:919 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 3 37 theme dosage 612:617 arg1 influence 555:563 the influence 551:563 the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS 551:641 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 2 38 theme electron 419:426 arg1 microscopy 428:437 scanning electron microscopy 410:437 scanning electron microscopy 410:437 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 0 39 theme sodium 35:40 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Efficient adsorption 0:19 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions 0:63 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 6 40 theme good 930:933 arg1 characteristics 946:960 good adsorption characteristics 930:960 good adsorption characteristics 930:960 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 1 41 dep aminochitosan 199:211 arg1 AmCS 214:217 AmCS 214:217 aminochitosan; AmCS 199:217 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30419381 2 42 theme scanning 410:417 arg1 microscopy 428:437 scanning electron microscopy 410:437 scanning electron microscopy 410:437 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 5 43 theme adsorption 820:829 arg1 process 831:837 the adsorption process 816:837 the adsorption process 816:837 The maximum adsorption capacity reached 469.48 mg g-1, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30419381 7 44 from bodies 1167:1172 arg1 removal 1106:1112 efficient adsorptive removal 1085:1112 efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies 1085:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 4 45 theme Langmuir 721:728 arg1 adsorption 730:739 Langmuir adsorption 721:739 the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model 717:754 Through thermodynamic analysis, we found that the data corresponded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. 30419381 2 46 theme X-ray 471:475 arg1 diffraction 477:487 X-ray diffraction 471:487 X-ray diffraction 471:487 The fabricated AmCS@Fe3O4 composite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. 30419381 7 47 theme efficient 1085:1093 arg1 removal 1106:1112 efficient adsorptive removal 1085:1112 efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies 1085:1172 Therefore, the developed adsorbent could be used for efficient adsorptive removal of trace drugs and personal care products from water bodies. 30419381 1 48 dep chitosan 189:196 arg1 aminochitosan 199:211 aminochitosan 199:211 aminochitosan; AmCS 199:217 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30419381 6 49 theme consecutive 973:983 arg1 cycles 985:990 four consecutive cycles 968:990 four consecutive cycles 968:990 Finally, the AmCS@Fe3O4 composite retained good adsorption characteristics after four consecutive cycles, with removal efficiency exceeding 70%. 30419381 4 50 theme isotherm 741:748 arg1 model 750:754 the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model 717:754 the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model 717:754 Through thermodynamic analysis, we found that the data corresponded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. 30419381 3 51 theme initial 572:578 arg1 concentration 583:595 initial DS concentration 572:595 initial DS concentration 572:595 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 3 52 theme DS 640:641 arg1 adsorption 626:635 the adsorption 622:635 the adsorption of DS 622:641 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 4 53 theme adsorption 730:739 arg1 model 750:754 the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model 717:754 the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model 717:754 Through thermodynamic analysis, we found that the data corresponded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. 30419381 0 54 theme magnetic 71:78 arg1 chitosan 101:108 magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan 71:108 magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan 71:108 Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions using magnetic amine-functionalized chitosan. 30419381 4 55 theme thermodynamic 652:664 arg1 analysis 666:673 thermodynamic analysis 652:673 thermodynamic analysis 652:673 Through thermodynamic analysis, we found that the data corresponded with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. 30419381 1 56 theme magnetic 140:147 arg1 composite 149:157 a magnetic composite 138:157 a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 138:228 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30419381 5 57 theme pseudo-second-order 852:870 arg1 model 880:884 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 848:884 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 848:884 The maximum adsorption capacity reached 469.48 mg g-1, and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30419381 3 58 from influence 555:563 arg1 adsorption 626:635 the adsorption 622:635 the adsorption of DS 622:641 Furthermore, we investigated the influence of pH, initial DS concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of DS. 30419381 1 59 theme diclofenac 240:249 arg1 DS 259:260 DS 259:260 DS 259:260 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30419381 1 59 theme diclofenac 240:249 arg1 sodium 251:256 diclofenac sodium 240:256 diclofenac sodium (DS) 240:261 In this study, we prepared a magnetic composite based on amine-functionalized chitosan (aminochitosan; AmCS) and Fe3O4 to remove diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. 30143156 0 0 theme heavy 97:101 arg1 metals 103:108 heavy metals 97:108 heavy metals 97:108 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 1 from mixtures 867:874 arg1 ions 849:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions 831:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 831:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 4 2 theme metals 816:821 arg1 removal 793:799 concurrent removal 782:799 concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 782:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 5 3 theme maximum 881:887 arg1 capacities 900:909 The maximum adsorption capacities 877:909 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) 877:934 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 5 3 theme maximum 881:887 arg1 high 944:947 high 944:947 high 944:947 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 2 4 with polysaccharide 413:426 arg1 protein 435:441 a protein 433:441 a protein 433:441 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30143156 4 5 theme Cd 831:832 arg1 ions 849:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions 831:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 831:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 3 6 theme chitosan-lysozyme 568:584 arg1 CLC 600:602 CLC 600:602 CLC 600:602 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 6 theme chitosan-lysozyme 568:584 arg1 biocomposite 586:597 this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite 563:597 this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) 563:603 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 7 dep chromium 678:685 arg1 Cr 688:689 Cr 688:689 Cr 688:689 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 0 8 theme metals 103:108 arg1 removal 77:83 the effective removal 63:83 the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions 63:131 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 9 theme excellent 736:744 arg1 removal 746:752 excellent removal 736:752 excellent removal of MO 736:758 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 3 10 theme biocomposite 586:597 arg1 utility 552:558 the utility 548:558 the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions 548:722 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 11 theme aqueous 706:712 arg1 solutions 714:722 aqueous solutions 706:722 aqueous solutions 706:722 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 12 from solutions 714:722 arg1 removal 629:635 the removal 625:635 the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions 625:722 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 13 theme MO 757:758 arg1 removal 746:752 excellent removal 736:752 excellent removal of MO 736:758 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 4 13 theme MO 757:758 arg1 Cr 764:765 Cr 764:765 Cr(VI) 764:769 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 1 14 theme heavy 198:202 arg1 metals 204:209 heavy metals 198:209 heavy metals 198:209 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 0 15 theme aqueous 115:121 arg1 solutions 123:131 aqueous solutions 115:131 aqueous solutions 115:131 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 5 16 theme adsorption 889:898 arg1 capacities 900:909 The maximum adsorption capacities 877:909 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) 877:934 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 5 16 theme adsorption 889:898 arg1 high 944:947 high 944:947 high 944:947 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 2 17 theme polysaccharide 413:426 arg1 polysaccharide 413:426 a polysaccharide 411:426 a polysaccharide with a protein 411:441 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30143156 2 17 theme polysaccharide 413:426 arg1 bio-composite 394:406 an environmentally-friendly bio-composite 366:406 an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein 366:441 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30143156 0 18 theme environmentally-friendly 3:26 arg1 chitosan-lysozyme 28:44 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme 0:44 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme 0:44 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 19 theme ions 696:699 arg1 removal 629:635 the removal 625:635 the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions 625:722 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 20 theme heavy 810:814 arg1 ions 849:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions 831:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 831:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 4 20 theme heavy 810:814 arg1 metals 816:821 other heavy metals 804:821 other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 804:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 6 21 theme conjugated 1031:1040 arg1 lysozyme 1075:1082 lysozyme 1075:1082 lysozyme 1075:1082 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 6 21 theme conjugated 1031:1040 arg1 biopolymers 1042:1052 conjugated biopolymers 1031:1052 conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications 1031:1115 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 6 21 theme conjugated 1031:1040 arg1 chitosan 1062:1069 chitosan 1062:1069 chitosan 1062:1069 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 4 22 dep Cr 764:765 arg1 VI 767:768 VI 767:768 VI 767:768 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 3 23 dep Cr 688:689 arg1 VI 691:692 VI 691:692 VI 691:692 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 24 theme hexavalent 667:676 arg1 chromium 678:685 hexavalent chromium 667:685 hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) 667:694 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 0 25 from solutions 123:131 arg1 removal 77:83 the effective removal 63:83 the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions 63:131 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 26 theme Ni 842:843 arg1 ions 849:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions 831:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 831:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 6 27 theme potential 1014:1022 arg1 use 1024:1026 the potential use 1010:1026 the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications 1010:1115 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 1 28 theme water 225:229 arg1 streams 231:237 water streams 225:237 water streams 225:237 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 3 29 theme dye 659:661 arg1 ions 696:699 methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions 640:699 methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions 640:699 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 5 30 dep Cr 929:930 arg1 VI 932:933 VI 932:933 VI 932:933 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 1 31 theme adverse 320:326 arg1 effects 335:341 adverse health effects 320:341 adverse health effects 320:341 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 1 32 from streams 231:237 arg1 adsorbents 174:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents 145:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals 145:209 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 1 32 from streams 231:237 arg1 dyes 215:218 dyes 215:218 dyes from water streams 215:237 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 4 33 theme aqueous 859:865 arg1 mixtures 867:874 aqueous mixtures 859:874 aqueous mixtures 859:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 1 34 theme health 328:333 arg1 effects 335:341 adverse health effects 320:341 adverse health effects 320:341 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 3 35 theme MO 655:656 arg1 dye 659:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 4 36 theme concurrent 782:791 arg1 removal 793:799 concurrent removal 782:799 concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 782:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 4 37 theme other 804:808 arg1 ions 849:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions 831:852 Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 831:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 4 37 theme other 804:808 arg1 metals 816:821 other heavy metals 804:821 other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures 804:874 CLC showed excellent removal of MO and Cr(VI) along with concurrent removal of other heavy metals such as Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous mixtures. 30143156 0 38 theme effective 67:75 arg1 removal 77:83 the effective removal 63:83 the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions 63:131 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 3 39 theme chromium 678:685 arg1 ions 696:699 methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions 640:699 methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions 640:699 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 6 40 theme treatment 1094:1102 arg1 applications 1104:1115 water treatment applications 1088:1115 water treatment applications 1088:1115 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 2 41 theme present 351:357 arg1 study 359:363 the present study 347:363 the present study 347:363 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30143156 6 42 theme water 1088:1092 arg1 applications 1104:1115 water treatment applications 1088:1115 water treatment applications 1088:1115 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 3 43 theme methyl 640:645 arg1 dye 659:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 1 44 theme efficient 145:153 arg1 adsorbents 174:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents 145:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals 145:209 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 6 45 theme biopolymers 1042:1052 arg1 use 1024:1026 the potential use 1010:1026 the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications 1010:1115 This study demonstrates the potential use of conjugated biopolymers such as chitosan and lysozyme for water treatment applications. 30143156 3 46 theme orange 647:652 arg1 dye 659:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 methyl orange (MO) dye 640:661 We investigated the utility of this chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite (CLC) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ions from aqueous solutions. 30143156 1 47 theme utmost 245:250 arg1 importance 252:261 utmost importance 245:261 utmost importance 245:261 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 0 48 theme dyes 88:91 arg1 removal 77:83 the effective removal 63:83 the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions 63:131 An environmentally-friendly chitosan-lysozyme biocomposite for the effective removal of dyes and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 30143156 1 49 dep human 276:280 arg1 consumption 294:304 consumption 294:304 consumption 294:304 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 5 50 theme CLC 914:916 arg1 capacities 900:909 The maximum adsorption capacities 877:909 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) 877:934 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 5 50 theme CLC 914:916 arg1 high 944:947 high 944:947 high 944:947 The maximum adsorption capacities of CLC for MO and Cr(VI) were as high as 435 and 216 mg g-1, respectively. 30143156 1 51 theme cost-effective 159:172 arg1 adsorbents 174:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents 145:183 efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals 145:209 Developing efficient and cost-effective adsorbents for removing heavy metals and dyes from water streams is of utmost importance as prolonged human and animals consumption might lead to adverse health effects. 30143156 2 52 theme environmentally-friendly 369:392 arg1 polysaccharide 413:426 a polysaccharide 411:426 a polysaccharide with a protein 411:441 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30143156 2 52 theme environmentally-friendly 369:392 arg1 bio-composite 394:406 an environmentally-friendly bio-composite 366:406 an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein 366:441 In the present study, an environmentally-friendly bio-composite of a polysaccharide with a protein was prepared, by conjugating chitosan to lysozyme using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. 30606518 5 0 theme vital 1099:1103 arg1 organs 1105:1110 vital organs 1099:1110 vital organs 1099:1110 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 1 theme photothermal 642:653 arg1 conversion 655:664 photothermal conversion 642:664 photothermal conversion 642:664 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 1 2 theme copper 147:152 arg1 CuS-NPs 177:183 CuS-NPs 177:183 CuS-NPs 177:183 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 1 2 theme copper 147:152 arg1 nanoparticles 162:174 copper sulfide nanoparticles 147:174 copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment 147:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 5 3 theme CuS 849:851 arg1 QCS-NPs 853:859 CuS@QCS-NPs 849:859 CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 849:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 4 theme NIR 623:625 arg1 absorbance 627:636 strong NIR absorbance 616:636 strong NIR absorbance 616:636 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 6 5 theme clinical 1172:1179 arg1 application 1181:1191 clinical application 1172:1191 clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy 1172:1225 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 1 6 theme sulfide 154:160 arg1 CuS-NPs 177:183 CuS-NPs 177:183 CuS-NPs 177:183 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 1 6 theme sulfide 154:160 arg1 nanoparticles 162:174 copper sulfide nanoparticles 147:174 copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment 147:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 3 7 theme obtained 497:504 arg1 QCS-NPs 534:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 7 theme obtained 497:504 arg1 spherical 548:556 spherical 548:556 spherical 548:556 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 7 theme obtained 497:504 arg1 composites 518:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites 493:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) 493:541 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 2 8 theme stabilizing 474:484 arg1 chitosan 429:436 the quaternized chitosan 413:436 the quaternized chitosan (QCS) 413:442 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 8 theme stabilizing 474:484 arg1 agent 486:490 a biotemplate and stabilizing agent 456:490 agent 486:490 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 5 9 theme other 996:1000 arg1 groups 1010:1015 the other control groups 992:1015 the other control groups 992:1015 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 10 theme QCS/CuS-NPs 506:516 arg1 QCS-NPs 534:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 10 theme QCS/CuS-NPs 506:516 arg1 spherical 548:556 spherical 548:556 spherical 548:556 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 10 theme QCS/CuS-NPs 506:516 arg1 composites 518:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites 493:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) 493:541 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 5 11 theme QCS-NPs 853:859 arg1 injection 836:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection 816:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 816:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 2 12 theme CuS-NPs 271:277 arg1 preparation 256:266 the preparation 252:266 the preparation of CuS-NPs 252:277 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 4 13 dep in 677:678 arg1 vitro 680:684 vitro 680:684 vitro 680:684 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 1 14 theme smart 108:112 arg1 strategy 124:131 a smart and green strategy 106:131 a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment 106:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 2 15 theme biotemplate 458:468 arg1 chitosan 429:436 the quaternized chitosan 413:436 the quaternized chitosan (QCS) 413:442 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 15 theme biotemplate 458:468 arg1 agent 486:490 a biotemplate and stabilizing agent 456:490 agent 486:490 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 5 16 with QCS-NPs 853:859 arg1 irradiation 876:886 NIR laser irradiation 866:886 NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 866:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 4 17 theme theranostic 705:715 arg1 capability 717:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability 677:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 677:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 2 18 theme quaternized 417:427 arg1 QCS 439:441 QCS 439:441 QCS 439:441 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 18 theme quaternized 417:427 arg1 chitosan 429:436 the quaternized chitosan 413:436 the quaternized chitosan (QCS) 413:442 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 18 theme quaternized 417:427 arg1 agent 486:490 a biotemplate and stabilizing agent 456:490 agent 486:490 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 4 19 dep in 690:691 arg1 vivo 693:696 vivo 693:696 vivo 693:696 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 3 20 theme CuS 530:532 arg1 QCS-NPs 534:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 20 theme CuS 530:532 arg1 composites 518:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites 493:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) 493:541 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 5 21 theme control 1002:1008 arg1 groups 1010:1015 the other control groups 992:1015 the other control groups 992:1015 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 2 22 theme sodium 366:371 arg1 sulfide 373:379 sodium sulfide 366:379 sodium sulfide 366:379 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 0 23 theme Quaternized 0:10 arg1 sulfide 39:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles for cancer therapy. 30606518 5 24 theme liver 1062:1066 arg1 function 1068:1075 liver function 1062:1075 liver function 1062:1075 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 25 theme @ 533:533 arg1 QCS-NPs 534:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 CuS@QCS-NPs 530:540 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 3 25 theme @ 533:533 arg1 composites 518:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites 493:527 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) 493:541 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 5 26 dep irradiation 876:886 arg1 808 nm 889:894 808 nm 889:894 808 nm 889:894 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 5 26 dep irradiation 876:886 arg1 5 min 908:912 5 min 908:912 5 min 908:912 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 5 26 dep irradiation 876:886 arg1 1.5 W/cm2 897:905 1.5 W/cm2 897:905 1.5 W/cm2 897:905 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 27 theme 5.6 nm 597:602 arg1 diameter 585:592 an average diameter 574:592 an average diameter of 5.6 nm 574:602 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 4 28 theme in 677:678 arg1 capability 717:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability 677:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 677:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 5 29 theme tumor 932:936 arg1 growth 938:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 4 30 theme in 690:691 arg1 capability 717:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability 677:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 677:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 3 31 with spherical 548:556 arg1 diameter 585:592 an average diameter 574:592 an average diameter of 5.6 nm 574:602 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 0 32 theme copper 32:37 arg1 sulfide 39:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles for cancer therapy. 30606518 5 33 theme NIR 866:868 arg1 irradiation 876:886 NIR laser irradiation 866:886 NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 866:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 5 34 theme kidney 1078:1083 arg1 function 1085:1092 kidney function 1078:1092 kidney function 1078:1092 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 1 35 theme translatable 201:212 arg1 treatment 221:229 clinically translatable cancer treatment 190:229 clinically translatable cancer treatment 190:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 6 36 theme QCS-stabilized 1118:1131 arg1 CuS-NPs 1133:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs 1113:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs 1113:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 5 37 theme intratumoral 816:827 arg1 injection 836:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection 816:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 816:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 2 38 theme sulfide 388:394 arg1 source 396:401 the sulfide source 384:401 the sulfide source 384:401 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 38 theme sulfide 388:394 arg1 advantage 303:311 advantage 303:311 advantage of the copper-amine complex 303:339 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 5 39 theme obvious 1035:1041 arg1 toxicity 1050:1057 no obvious lethal toxicity 1032:1057 no obvious lethal toxicity 1032:1057 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 3 40 theme average 577:583 arg1 diameter 585:592 an average diameter 574:592 an average diameter of 5.6 nm 574:602 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 5 41 theme 4T1 920:922 arg1 growth 938:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 1 42 theme cancer 214:219 arg1 treatment 221:229 clinically translatable cancer treatment 190:229 clinically translatable cancer treatment 190:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 5 43 theme lethal 1043:1048 arg1 toxicity 1050:1057 no obvious lethal toxicity 1032:1057 no obvious lethal toxicity 1032:1057 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 6 44 theme therapy 1219:1225 arg1 application 1181:1191 clinical application 1172:1191 clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy 1172:1225 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 5 45 theme mammary 924:930 arg1 growth 938:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 the 4T1 mammary tumor growth 916:943 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 2 46 theme complex 333:339 arg1 source 355:360 the copper source 344:360 the copper source 344:360 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 46 theme complex 333:339 arg1 source 396:401 the sulfide source 384:401 the sulfide source 384:401 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 46 theme complex 333:339 arg1 advantage 303:311 advantage 303:311 advantage of the copper-amine complex 303:339 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 0 47 theme cancer 65:70 arg1 therapy 72:78 cancer therapy 65:78 cancer therapy 65:78 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles for cancer therapy. 30606518 6 48 theme photothermal 1206:1217 arg1 therapy 1219:1225 CuS-based photothermal therapy 1196:1225 CuS-based photothermal therapy 1196:1225 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 3 49 theme strong 616:621 arg1 absorbance 627:636 strong NIR absorbance 616:636 strong NIR absorbance 616:636 The obtained QCS/CuS-NPs composites (CuS@QCS-NPs) were spherical and stable with an average diameter of 5.6 nm, and showed strong NIR absorbance for photothermal conversion. 30606518 2 50 theme copper-amine 320:331 arg1 complex 333:339 the copper-amine complex 316:339 the copper-amine complex 316:339 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 4 51 theme @ 734:734 arg1 QCS-NPs 735:741 CuS@QCS-NPs 731:741 CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 731:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 6 52 theme CuS-based 1196:1204 arg1 therapy 1219:1225 CuS-based photothermal therapy 1196:1225 CuS-based photothermal therapy 1196:1225 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 2 53 used used 448:451 arg2 agent 486:490 a biotemplate and stabilizing agent 456:490 agent 486:490 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 53 used used 448:451 arg2 QCS 439:441 QCS 439:441 QCS 439:441 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 53 used used 448:451 arg2 chitosan 429:436 the quaternized chitosan 413:436 the quaternized chitosan (QCS) 413:442 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 4 54 theme CuS 731:733 arg1 QCS-NPs 735:741 CuS@QCS-NPs 731:741 CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 731:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 6 55 theme Such 1113:1116 arg1 CuS-NPs 1133:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs 1113:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs 1113:1139 Such QCS-stabilized CuS-NPs may provide an alternative for clinical application of CuS-based photothermal therapy. 30606518 1 56 theme green 118:122 arg1 strategy 124:131 a smart and green strategy 106:131 a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment 106:229 In this study, we report a smart and green strategy to synthesize copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs) for clinically translatable cancer treatment. 30606518 5 57 theme laser 870:874 arg1 irradiation 876:886 NIR laser irradiation 866:886 NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 866:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 4 58 theme cancer 698:703 arg1 capability 717:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability 677:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 677:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 2 59 theme copper 348:353 arg1 advantage 303:311 advantage 303:311 advantage of the copper-amine complex 303:339 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 2 59 theme copper 348:353 arg1 source 355:360 the copper source 344:360 the copper source 344:360 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 5 60 theme @ 852:852 arg1 QCS-NPs 853:859 CuS@QCS-NPs 849:859 CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 849:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 4 61 theme QCS-NPs 735:741 arg1 capability 717:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability 677:726 in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification 677:769 Moreover, in vitro and in vivo cancer theranostic capability of CuS@QCS-NPs without any biomodification was evaluated. 30606518 5 62 theme i.t. 830:833 arg1 injection 836:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection 816:844 intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min) 816:913 The result reveals that after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of CuS@QCS-NPs with NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 1.5 W/cm2, 5 min), the 4T1 mammary tumor growth could be effectively suppressed comparing with the other control groups, and there was no obvious lethal toxicity to liver function, kidney function, and vital organs. 30606518 2 63 theme first 240:244 arg1 time 246:249 the first time 236:249 the first time 236:249 For the first time, the preparation of CuS-NPs was developed by taking advantage of the copper-amine complex as the copper source and sodium sulfide as the sulfide source, in which the quaternized chitosan (QCS) was used as a biotemplate and stabilizing agent. 30606518 0 64 theme chitosan-stabilized 12:30 arg1 sulfide 39:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide 0:45 Quaternized chitosan-stabilized copper sulfide nanoparticles for cancer therapy. 30729136 6 0 theme glycans 944:950 arg1 Analysis 919:926 Analysis 919:926 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry 919:974 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 1 1 theme H1N1 158:161 arg1 virus 173:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 1 1 theme H1N1 158:161 arg1 threat 219:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 6 2 theme same 1028:1031 arg1 sites 1033:1037 the same sites 1024:1037 the same sites as the native HA 1024:1054 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 6 3 theme N-linked 935:942 arg1 glycans 944:950 the N-linked glycans 931:950 the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry 931:974 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 7 4 theme culture 1101:1107 arg1 medium 1109:1114 a culture medium 1099:1114 a culture medium reaching approximately 10 mg/l 1099:1145 The recombinant antigen was secreted into a culture medium reaching approximately 10 mg/l. 30729136 1 5 theme influenza 163:171 arg1 virus 173:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 1 5 theme influenza 163:171 arg1 threat 219:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 0 6 theme H1 105:106 arg1 Antigen 108:114 H1 Antigen 105:114 H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 105:155 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 3 7 dep drawbacks 454:462 arg1 some 449:452 some 449:452 some 449:452 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 0 8 dep Antigen 108:114 arg1 Candidate 147:155 A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 117:155 H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 105:155 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 0 9 with Immunization 71:82 arg1 Yeast 89:93 Yeast 89:93 Yeast 89:93 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 2 10 theme pandemic 337:344 arg1 risk 317:320 the risk 313:320 the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread 313:351 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 2 11 theme influenza 275:283 arg1 virus 285:289 influenza virus 275:289 influenza virus 275:289 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 6 12 link N-linked 935:942 arg1 glycans 944:950 the N-linked glycans 931:950 the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry 931:974 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 5 13 theme electron 788:795 arg1 microscopy 797:806 Transmission electron microscopy 775:806 Transmission electron microscopy 775:806 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 8 14 theme Pichia 1190:1195 arg1 pastoris 1197:1204 Pichia pastoris 1190:1204 Pichia pastoris 1190:1204 These results suggest that H1 produced in Pichia pastoris can be considered as the vaccine candidate against H1N1 virus. 30729136 5 15 theme Transmission 775:786 arg1 microscopy 797:806 Transmission electron microscopy 775:806 Transmission electron microscopy 775:806 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 3 16 theme alternative 525:535 arg1 approaches 537:546 alternative approaches 525:546 alternative approaches 525:546 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 5 17 theme similar 883:889 arg1 forms 877:881 functional higher molecular forms 849:881 functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures 849:916 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 0 18 theme Neutralizing 11:22 arg1 Antibodies 24:33 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies 0:33 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast 0:93 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 6 19 theme native 1046:1051 arg1 HA 1053:1054 the native HA 1042:1054 the native HA 1042:1054 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 0 20 theme High-Titre 0:9 arg1 Antibodies 24:33 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies 0:33 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast 0:93 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 6 21 theme mass 958:961 arg1 spectrometry 963:974 mass spectrometry 958:974 mass spectrometry 958:974 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 5 22 theme rosette-like 894:905 arg1 structures 907:916 rosette-like structures 894:916 rosette-like structures 894:916 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 5 23 theme H1 820:821 arg1 antigen 823:829 H1 antigen 820:829 H1 antigen 820:829 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 0 24 theme Promising 119:127 arg1 Candidate 147:155 A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 117:155 H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 105:155 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 2 25 dep epidemic 325:332 arg1 spread 346:351 spread 346:351 spread 346:351 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 6 26 theme H1 994:995 arg1 protein 997:1003 the H1 protein 990:1003 the H1 protein 990:1003 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 4 27 theme serum 720:724 arg1 antibodies 755:764 serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 720:764 serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 720:764 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 5 28 theme functional 849:858 arg1 forms 877:881 functional higher molecular forms 849:881 functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures 849:916 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 0 29 theme Influenza 43:51 arg1 Virus 53:57 H1N1 Influenza Virus 38:57 H1N1 Influenza Virus 38:57 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 0 30 theme Vaccine 139:145 arg1 Candidate 147:155 A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 117:155 H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 105:155 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 4 31 theme haemagglutinin 636:649 arg1 domain 656:661 the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain 620:661 the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain 620:661 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 1 32 theme serious 202:208 arg1 threat 219:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 1 32 theme serious 202:208 arg1 virus 173:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 0 33 theme H1N1 38:41 arg1 Virus 53:57 H1N1 Influenza Virus 38:57 H1N1 Influenza Virus 38:57 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 0 34 theme Influenza 129:137 arg1 Candidate 147:155 A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 117:155 H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate 105:155 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 4 35 theme antibodies 755:764 arg1 titres 710:715 high titres 705:715 high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 705:764 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 1 36 theme pandemic 210:217 arg1 threat 219:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 a serious pandemic threat 200:224 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 1 36 theme pandemic 210:217 arg1 virus 173:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus 158:177 H1N1 influenza virus is still regarded as a serious pandemic threat. 30729136 8 37 theme vaccine 1231:1237 arg1 H1 1175:1176 H1 1175:1176 H1 produced in Pichia pastoris 1175:1204 These results suggest that H1 produced in Pichia pastoris can be considered as the vaccine candidate against H1N1 virus. 30729136 8 37 theme vaccine 1231:1237 arg1 candidate 1239:1247 the vaccine candidate 1227:1247 the vaccine candidate against H1N1 virus 1227:1266 These results suggest that H1 produced in Pichia pastoris can be considered as the vaccine candidate against H1N1 virus. 30729136 3 38 contain has 445:447 arg2 drawbacks 454:462 drawbacks 454:462 drawbacks 454:462 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 3 38 contain has 445:447 arg1 vaccine 379:385 Influenza vaccine 369:385 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, 369:443 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 3 38 contain has 445:447 arg2 limitations 468:478 limitations 468:478 limitations 468:478 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 2 39 theme epidemic 325:332 arg1 risk 317:320 the risk 313:320 the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread 313:351 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 7 40 theme recombinant 1061:1071 arg1 antigen 1073:1079 The recombinant antigen 1057:1079 The recombinant antigen 1057:1079 The recombinant antigen was secreted into a culture medium reaching approximately 10 mg/l. 30729136 6 41 gly glycosylated 1008:1019 arg1 protein 997:1003 the H1 protein 990:1003 the H1 protein 990:1003 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 6 41 gly glycosylated 1008:1019 arg2 sites 1033:1037 the same sites 1024:1037 the same sites as the native HA 1024:1054 Analysis of the N-linked glycans using mass spectrometry revealed that the H1 protein is glycosylated at the same sites as the native HA. 30729136 4 42 theme yeast 683:687 arg1 system 689:694 the yeast system 679:694 the yeast system 679:694 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 5 43 dep functional 849:858 arg1 molecular 867:875 molecular 867:875 molecular 867:875 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 4 44 dep vaccine 603:609 arg1 produced 667:674 produced 667:674 produced in the yeast system 667:694 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 4 44 dep vaccine 603:609 arg1 based 611:615 based 611:615 based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain 611:661 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 2 45 theme protection 256:265 arg1 method 246:251 The most effective method 227:251 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus 227:289 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 2 45 theme protection 256:265 arg1 vaccination 356:366 vaccination 356:366 vaccination 356:366 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 2 45 theme protection 256:265 arg1 way 299:301 the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread 295:351 the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread 295:351 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 4 46 theme high 705:708 arg1 titres 710:715 high titres 705:715 high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 705:764 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 4 47 theme haemagglutination-inhibiting 726:753 arg1 antibodies 755:764 serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 720:764 serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies 720:764 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 4 48 theme H1 600:601 arg1 vaccine 603:609 the recombinant H1 vaccine 584:609 the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system 584:694 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 5 49 dep molecular 867:875 arg1 higher 860:865 higher 860:865 higher 860:865 Transmission electron microscopy showed that H1 antigen oligomerizes into functional higher molecular forms similar to rosette-like structures. 30729136 4 50 theme recombinant 588:598 arg1 vaccine 603:609 the recombinant H1 vaccine 584:609 the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system 584:694 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 4 51 theme hydrophilic 624:634 arg1 HA 652:653 HA 652:653 HA 652:653 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 4 51 theme hydrophilic 624:634 arg1 haemagglutinin 636:649 hydrophilic haemagglutinin 624:649 the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain 620:661 In this study, we demonstrate that the recombinant H1 vaccine based on the hydrophilic haemagglutinin (HA) domain and produced in the yeast system elicited high titres of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in mice. 30729136 8 52 theme H1N1 1257:1260 arg1 virus 1262:1266 H1N1 virus 1257:1266 H1N1 virus 1257:1266 These results suggest that H1 produced in Pichia pastoris can be considered as the vaccine candidate against H1N1 virus. 30729136 0 53 theme Mouse 65:69 arg1 Immunization 71:82 Mouse Immunization 65:82 Mouse Immunization with Yeast 65:93 High-Titre Neutralizing Antibodies to H1N1 Influenza Virus after Mouse Immunization with Yeast Expressed H1 Antigen: A Promising Influenza Vaccine Candidate. 30729136 3 54 theme traditional 405:415 arg1 way 417:419 a traditional way 403:419 a traditional way 403:419 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 30729136 2 55 theme effective 236:244 arg1 method 246:251 The most effective method 227:251 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus 227:289 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 2 55 theme effective 236:244 arg1 vaccination 356:366 vaccination 356:366 vaccination 356:366 The most effective method of protection against influenza virus and the way to reduce the risk of epidemic or pandemic spread is vaccination. 30729136 3 56 theme Influenza 369:377 arg1 vaccine 379:385 Influenza vaccine 369:385 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, 369:443 Influenza vaccine manufactured in a traditional way, though well developed, has some drawbacks and limitations which have stimulated interest in developing alternative approaches. 31065709 5 0 theme genus 758:762 arg1 abundance 731:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance 688:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus 688:762 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 3 1 theme gut 466:468 arg1 composition 481:491 the gut microbiota composition 462:491 the gut microbiota composition of broilers 462:503 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 5 2 theme < 707:707 arg1 P 705:705 P < 0.01 705:712 P < 0.01 705:712 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 6 3 theme growth 950:955 arg1 stimulation 957:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation 925:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii 925:991 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 1 4 from rich 142:145 arg1 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 4 from rich 142:145 arg1 polymer 204:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 3 5 theme microbiota 470:479 arg1 composition 481:491 the gut microbiota composition 462:491 the gut microbiota composition of broilers 462:503 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 1 6 link β-1,4-linked 175:186 arg1 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 6 link β-1,4-linked 175:186 arg1 polymer 204:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 6 7 theme fermentation 899:910 arg1 assay 912:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 7 8 theme genus 1178:1182 arg1 level 1116:1120 the level 1112:1120 the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus 1112:1182 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 6 9 dep significant 927:937 arg1 P 940:940 P < 0.01 940:947 P < 0.01 940:947 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 6 10 theme batch 893:897 arg1 assay 912:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 4 11 theme 16S 662:664 arg1 gene 671:674 the 16S rRNA gene 658:674 the 16S rRNA gene 658:674 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 3 12 theme cellulose 449:457 arg1 supplementation 430:444 in-feed supplementation 422:444 in-feed supplementation of cellulose 422:457 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 7 13 dep phylum 1129:1134 arg1 Bacteroidetes 1136:1148 Bacteroidetes 1136:1148 Bacteroidetes 1136:1148 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 5 14 dep higher 715:720 arg1 P 705:705 P < 0.01 705:712 P < 0.01 705:712 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 3 15 theme supplementation 430:444 arg1 effect 412:417 the effect 408:417 the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers 408:503 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 3 16 theme broilers 496:503 arg1 composition 481:491 the gut microbiota composition 462:491 the gut microbiota composition of broilers 462:503 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 6 17 theme finegoldii 982:991 arg1 stimulation 957:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation 925:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii 925:991 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 5 18 theme relative 722:729 arg1 abundance 731:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance 688:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus 688:762 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 5 19 theme cellulose-supplemented 810:831 arg1 diet 833:836 the cellulose-supplemented diet 806:836 the cellulose-supplemented diet 806:836 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 6 20 theme Alistipes 972:980 arg1 finegoldii 982:991 Alistipes finegoldii 972:991 Alistipes finegoldii 972:991 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 0 21 theme cellulose 10:18 arg1 supplement 25:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement alters the broiler caecal microbiome. 31065709 2 22 theme cereal 301:306 arg1 hulls 308:312 cereal hulls 301:312 cereal hulls 301:312 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 0 23 theme Amorphous 0:8 arg1 supplement 25:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement alters the broiler caecal microbiome. 31065709 6 24 dep in 884:885 arg1 vitro 887:891 vitro 887:891 vitro 887:891 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 1 25 theme unbranched 164:173 arg1 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 25 theme unbranched 164:173 arg1 polymer 204:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 7 26 theme cellulose 1065:1073 arg1 supplementation 1046:1060 in-feed supplementation 1038:1060 in-feed supplementation of cellulose 1038:1073 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 4 27 theme cellulose 524:532 arg1 Administration 506:519 Administration 506:519 Administration 506:519 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 5 28 theme control 867:873 arg1 diet 875:878 the control diet 863:878 the control diet 863:878 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 1 29 theme β-1,4-linked 175:186 arg1 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 29 theme β-1,4-linked 175:186 arg1 polymer 204:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 0 30 theme feed 20:23 arg1 supplement 25:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement 0:34 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement alters the broiler caecal microbiome. 31065709 2 31 theme predominant 271:281 arg1 polysaccharide 283:296 a predominant polysaccharide 269:296 a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls 269:312 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 2 31 theme predominant 271:281 arg1 it 263:264 it 263:264 it 263:264 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 1 32 theme D-glucopyranose 188:202 arg1 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 cellulose 150:158 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 32 theme D-glucopyranose 188:202 arg1 polymer 204:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer 161:210 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 3 33 theme current 379:385 arg1 study 387:391 the current study 375:391 the current study 375:391 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 1 34 from molecule 234:241 arg1 plants 246:251 plants 246:251 plants 246:251 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 7 35 theme microbiota 1086:1095 arg1 composition 1097:1107 the microbiota composition 1082:1107 the microbiota composition 1082:1107 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 5 36 theme broilers 793:800 arg1 caeca 784:788 the caeca 780:788 the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet 780:878 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 3 37 theme study 387:391 arg1 aim 368:370 The aim 364:370 The aim of the current study 364:391 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 3 38 from effect 412:417 arg1 composition 481:491 the gut microbiota composition 462:491 the gut microbiota composition of broilers 462:503 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 4 39 theme microbiota 596:605 arg1 composition 607:617 the caecal microbiota composition 585:617 the caecal microbiota composition 585:617 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 0 40 theme caecal 55:60 arg1 microbiome 62:71 the broiler caecal microbiome 43:71 the broiler caecal microbiome 43:71 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement alters the broiler caecal microbiome. 31065709 6 41 theme < 942:942 arg1 P 940:940 P < 0.01 940:947 P < 0.01 940:947 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 6 42 theme in 884:885 arg1 assay 912:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay 881:916 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 4 43 theme gene 671:674 arg1 pyrosequencing 640:653 pyrosequencing 640:653 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene 640:674 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 0 44 theme broiler 47:53 arg1 microbiome 62:71 the broiler caecal microbiome 43:71 the broiler caecal microbiome 43:71 Amorphous cellulose feed supplement alters the broiler caecal microbiome. 31065709 4 45 theme rRNA 666:669 arg1 gene 671:674 the 16S rRNA gene 658:674 the 16S rRNA gene 658:674 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 7 46 theme Alistipes 1168:1176 arg1 genus 1178:1182 the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus 1125:1182 genus 1178:1182 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 1 47 theme diets 132:136 arg1 basis 99:103 the basis 95:103 the basis of most commercial chicken diets 95:136 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 7 48 theme in-feed 1038:1044 arg1 supplementation 1046:1060 in-feed supplementation 1038:1060 in-feed supplementation of cellulose 1038:1073 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 1 49 theme commercial 113:122 arg1 diets 132:136 most commercial chicken diets 108:136 most commercial chicken diets 108:136 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 6 50 theme cellulose 1012:1020 arg1 presence 1000:1007 the presence 996:1007 the presence of cellulose 996:1020 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 8 51 theme gut 1257:1259 arg1 micro-environment 1261:1277 the gut micro-environment 1253:1277 the gut micro-environment 1253:1277 This suggests that cellulose is not essentially inert but can alter the gut micro-environment. 31065709 5 52 theme Alistipes 748:756 arg1 genus 758:762 the Alistipes genus 744:762 the Alistipes genus 744:762 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 1 53 theme chicken 124:130 arg1 diets 132:136 most commercial chicken diets 108:136 most commercial chicken diets 108:136 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 4 54 theme wheat-based 559:569 arg1 diet 571:574 a wheat-based diet 557:574 a wheat-based diet 557:574 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 7 55 theme phylum 1129:1134 arg1 genus 1178:1182 the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus 1125:1182 genus 1178:1182 In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. 31065709 5 56 located observed 768:775 arg1 caeca 784:788 the caeca 780:788 the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet 780:878 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 5 56 located observed 768:775 arg1 day 680:682 day 26 680:685 day 26 680:685 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 5 56 located observed 768:775 arg2 abundance 731:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance 688:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus 688:762 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 3 57 theme in-feed 422:428 arg1 supplementation 430:444 in-feed supplementation 422:444 in-feed supplementation of cellulose 422:457 The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. 31065709 2 58 theme non-fermentable 341:355 arg1 fiber 357:361 an inert non-fermentable fiber 332:361 an inert non-fermentable fiber 332:361 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 6 59 theme significant 927:937 arg1 stimulation 957:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation 925:967 a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii 925:991 An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. 31065709 5 60 theme higher 715:720 arg1 abundance 731:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance 688:739 a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus 688:762 At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. 31065709 4 61 theme caecal 589:594 arg1 composition 607:617 the caecal microbiota composition 585:617 the caecal microbiota composition 585:617 Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. 31065709 1 62 from cellulose 150:158 arg1 grains 78:83 The grains 74:83 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets 74:136 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 1 62 from cellulose 150:158 arg1 rich 142:145 rich 142:145 rich 142:145 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 31065709 2 63 theme inert 335:339 arg1 fiber 357:361 an inert non-fermentable fiber 332:361 an inert non-fermentable fiber 332:361 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 2 64 from polysaccharide 283:296 arg1 hulls 308:312 cereal hulls 301:312 cereal hulls 301:312 Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. 31065709 1 65 theme structural 223:232 arg1 molecule 234:241 a structural molecule 221:241 a structural molecule in plants 221:251 The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. 30606593 6 0 theme starch 1264:1269 arg1 scaffolds 1271:1279 5.0% starch scaffolds 1259:1279 5.0% starch scaffolds 1259:1279 Proliferation assays show that osteoblasts proliferate better on the surfaces of PLA and PLA with 5.0% starch scaffolds. 30606593 7 1 from use 1425:1427 arg1 regeneration 1436:1447 the regeneration 1432:1447 the regeneration of bone tissue 1432:1462 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 4 2 theme physical 618:625 arg1 absorption 627:636 Then the physical absorption 609:636 Then the physical absorption of RGD 609:643 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 7 3 theme PLA 1359:1361 arg1 electrospinning 1340:1354 electrospinning 1340:1354 electrospinning of PLA with starch 1340:1373 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 6 4 theme Proliferation 1161:1173 arg1 assays 1175:1180 Proliferation assays 1161:1180 Proliferation assays 1161:1180 Proliferation assays show that osteoblasts proliferate better on the surfaces of PLA and PLA with 5.0% starch scaffolds. 30606593 2 5 from evaluation 310:319 arg1 vitro 324:328 vitro 324:328 vitro 324:328 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 5 from evaluation 310:319 arg1 context 252:258 this context 247:258 this context 247:258 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 0 6 theme bone 111:114 arg1 regeneration 116:127 potential bone regeneration 101:127 potential bone regeneration 101:127 RGD-functionalization of PLA/starch scaffolds obtained by electrospinning and evaluated in vitro for potential bone regeneration. 30606593 5 7 dep in 752:753 arg1 vitro 755:759 vitro 755:759 vitro 755:759 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 3 8 theme PLA 496:498 arg1 fibers 486:491 non-woven fibers 476:491 non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 476:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 0 9 theme potential 101:109 arg1 regeneration 116:127 potential bone regeneration 101:127 potential bone regeneration 101:127 RGD-functionalization of PLA/starch scaffolds obtained by electrospinning and evaluated in vitro for potential bone regeneration. 30606593 5 10 theme cell 857:860 arg1 adhesion 862:869 cell adhesion 857:869 cell adhesion 857:869 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 2 11 theme work 283:286 arg1 generation 295:304 generation 295:304 generation 295:304 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 11 theme work 283:286 arg1 objective 265:273 the objective 261:273 the objective of this work 261:286 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 4 12 theme RGD 641:643 arg1 absorption 627:636 Then the physical absorption 609:636 Then the physical absorption of RGD 609:643 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 6 13 theme PLA 1250:1252 arg1 surfaces 1230:1237 the surfaces 1226:1237 the surfaces of PLA and PLA 1226:1252 Proliferation assays show that osteoblasts proliferate better on the surfaces of PLA and PLA with 5.0% starch scaffolds. 30606593 2 14 theme supports 333:340 arg1 generation 295:304 generation 295:304 generation 295:304 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 14 theme supports 333:340 arg1 objective 265:273 the objective 261:273 the objective of this work 261:286 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 14 theme supports 333:340 arg1 evaluation 310:319 evaluation 310:319 evaluation 310:319 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 7 15 dep scaffolds 1318:1326 arg1 functionalized 1379:1392 functionalized 1379:1392 functionalized with RGD 1379:1401 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 7 15 dep scaffolds 1318:1326 arg1 obtained 1328:1335 obtained 1328:1335 obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch 1328:1373 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 5 16 theme biocompatibility 761:776 arg1 tests 778:782 in vitro biocompatibility tests 752:782 in vitro biocompatibility tests 752:782 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 5 17 theme cultured 1109:1116 arg1 cells 1118:1122 the cultured cells 1105:1122 the cultured cells 1105:1122 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 1 18 theme opportunity 184:194 arg1 area 176:179 an area 173:179 an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds 173:241 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 5 19 theme biocompatibility 935:950 arg1 results 952:958 biocompatibility results 935:958 biocompatibility results 935:958 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 2 20 theme starch 368:373 arg1 mixtures 356:363 mixtures 356:363 mixtures of starch 356:373 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 5 21 theme in 752:753 arg1 tests 778:782 in vitro biocompatibility tests 752:782 in vitro biocompatibility tests 752:782 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 6 22 theme PLA 1242:1244 arg1 surfaces 1230:1237 the surfaces 1226:1237 the surfaces of PLA and PLA 1226:1252 Proliferation assays show that osteoblasts proliferate better on the surfaces of PLA and PLA with 5.0% starch scaffolds. 30606593 3 23 theme different 505:513 arg1 wt 554:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 3 23 theme different 505:513 arg1 content 522:528 different starch content 505:528 different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 505:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 0 24 theme PLA/starch 25:34 arg1 RGD-functionalization 0:20 RGD-functionalization 0:20 RGD-functionalization of PLA/starch 0:34 RGD-functionalization of PLA/starch scaffolds obtained by electrospinning and evaluated in vitro for potential bone regeneration. 30606593 5 25 theme MTS 842:844 arg1 assay 846:850 MTS assay 842:850 MTS assay 842:850 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 5 25 theme MTS 842:844 arg1 proliferation 827:839 proliferation 827:839 proliferation (MTS assay) 827:851 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 5 26 theme viable 966:971 arg1 cells 973:977 only viable cells 961:977 only viable cells 961:977 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 3 27 theme starch 515:520 arg1 wt 554:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 3 27 theme starch 515:520 arg1 content 522:528 different starch content 505:528 different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 505:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 5 28 theme morphological 1079:1091 arg1 analysis 1093:1100 the morphological analysis 1075:1100 the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed 1075:1158 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 5 29 theme cells 1118:1122 arg1 analysis 1093:1100 the morphological analysis 1075:1100 the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed 1075:1158 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 4 30 theme polymeric 718:726 arg1 material 728:735 the polymeric material 714:735 the polymeric material 714:735 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 1 31 theme new 219:221 arg1 compounds 233:241 new polymeric compounds 219:241 new polymeric compounds 219:241 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 2 32 theme acid 445:448 arg1 RGD 460:462 RGD 460:462 RGD 460:462 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 32 theme acid 445:448 arg1 peptides 450:457 arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides 419:457 arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD) 419:463 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 1 33 theme polymeric 223:231 arg1 compounds 233:241 new polymeric compounds 219:241 new polymeric compounds 219:241 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 2 34 theme arginine-glycine-aspartic 419:443 arg1 RGD 460:462 RGD 460:462 RGD 460:462 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 34 theme arginine-glycine-aspartic 419:443 arg1 peptides 450:457 arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides 419:457 arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD) 419:463 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 35 dep generation 295:304 arg1 the 291:293 the 291:293 the 291:293 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 5 36 theme materials 1048:1056 arg1 biocompatibility 1024:1039 the biocompatibility 1020:1039 the biocompatibility of the materials 1020:1056 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30606593 3 37 theme electrospinning 582:596 arg1 technique 598:606 the electrospinning technique 578:606 the electrospinning technique 578:606 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 4 38 theme material 728:735 arg1 adhesion 702:709 the cellular adhesion 689:709 the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material 689:735 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 4 39 theme cellular 693:700 arg1 adhesion 702:709 the cellular adhesion 689:709 the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material 689:735 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 0 40 dep scaffolds 36:44 arg1 obtained 46:53 obtained 46:53 scaffolds obtained by electrospinning and evaluated in vitro for potential bone regeneration 36:127 RGD-functionalization of PLA/starch scaffolds obtained by electrospinning and evaluated in vitro for potential bone regeneration. 30606593 1 41 theme compounds 233:241 arg1 development 204:214 the development 200:214 the development of new polymeric compounds 200:241 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 3 42 theme % 553:553 arg1 wt 554:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 3 42 theme % 553:553 arg1 content 522:528 different starch content 505:528 different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 505:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 1 43 theme bone 149:152 arg1 tissues 154:160 bone tissues 149:160 bone tissues 149:160 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 7 44 with electrospinning 1340:1354 arg1 starch 1368:1373 starch 1368:1373 starch 1368:1373 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 2 45 theme lactic 386:391 arg1 poly 380:383 poly 380:383 poly (lactic acid) (PLA) 380:403 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 45 theme lactic 386:391 arg1 acid 393:396 lactic acid 386:396 lactic acid 386:396 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 7 46 theme tissue 1457:1462 arg1 regeneration 1436:1447 the regeneration 1432:1447 the regeneration of bone tissue 1432:1462 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 1 47 theme tissues 154:160 arg1 engineering 134:144 The engineering 130:144 The engineering of bone tissues 130:160 The engineering of bone tissues represents an area of opportunity for the development of new polymeric compounds. 30606593 7 48 theme bone 1452:1455 arg1 tissue 1457:1462 bone tissue 1452:1462 bone tissue 1452:1462 Therefore, it is concluded that the scaffolds obtained by electrospinning of PLA with starch and functionalized with RGD are promising for its use in the regeneration of bone tissue. 30606593 3 49 with PLA 496:498 arg1 wt 554:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt 531:555 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 3 49 with PLA 496:498 arg1 content 522:528 different starch content 505:528 different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 505:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 4 50 dep carried 649:655 arg1 out 657:659 out 657:659 out 657:659 Then the physical absorption of RGD was carried out, with the aim of increasing the cellular adhesion of the polymeric material. 30606593 3 51 theme non-woven 476:484 arg1 fibers 486:491 non-woven fibers 476:491 non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) 476:556 For this, non-woven fibers of PLA with different starch content (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0%wt) were obtained using the electrospinning technique. 30606593 2 52 from generation 295:304 arg1 vitro 324:328 vitro 324:328 vitro 324:328 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 2 52 from generation 295:304 arg1 context 252:258 this context 247:258 this context 247:258 In this context, the objective of this work is the generation and evaluation in vitro of supports obtained from mixtures of starch with poly (lactic acid) (PLA), treated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides (RGD). 30606593 5 53 theme extended 1131:1138 arg1 cells 1140:1144 extended cells 1131:1144 extended cells 1131:1144 Subsequently, in vitro biocompatibility tests were performed, and viability (LIFE/DEAD), proliferation (MTS assay) and cell adhesion were carried out with osteoblasts incubated for 48 h. Regarding biocompatibility results, only viable cells were found for all the compositions, and the biocompatibility of the materials was validated by the morphological analysis of the cultured cells, where extended cells were observed. 30141924 9 0 theme lauric 1752:1757 arg1 acid 1759:1762 lauric acid 1752:1762 lauric acid 1752:1762 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 8 1 theme ± 1632:1632 arg1 SSF 1622:1624 the SSF 1618:1624 the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1618:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 1 theme ± 1632:1632 arg1 % 1651:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 1 2 theme pigs 267:270 arg1 productivity 251:262 the overall productivity 239:262 the overall productivity of pigs 239:270 Antibiotics have been widely supplemented in feeds at subtherapeutic concentrations to prevent postweaning diarrhea and increase the overall productivity of pigs. 30141924 4 3 theme low 774:776 arg1 availability 778:789 low availability 774:789 low availability 774:789 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 7 4 theme lauric 1113:1118 arg1 acid 1120:1123 lauric acid 1113:1123 lauric acid 1113:1123 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 10 5 theme lauric 2087:2092 arg1 acid 2094:2097 lauric acid 2087:2097 lauric acid 2087:2097 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 9 6 theme developed 1771:1779 arg1 microparticles 1781:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 7 7 theme thymol 1102:1107 arg1 release 1091:1097 The release 1087:1097 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles 1087:1147 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 10 8 dep in 2142:2143 arg1 vivo 2145:2148 vivo 2145:2148 vivo 2145:2148 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 1 9 theme subtherapeutic 164:177 arg1 concentrations 179:192 subtherapeutic concentrations 164:192 subtherapeutic concentrations 164:192 Antibiotics have been widely supplemented in feeds at subtherapeutic concentrations to prevent postweaning diarrhea and increase the overall productivity of pigs. 30141924 9 10 dep exhibited 1826:1834 arg1 stored 1922:1927 stored 1922:1927 being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks 1916:1959 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 9 10 dep exhibited 1826:1834 arg1 stored 1878:1883 stored 1878:1883 being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks 1872:1904 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 4 11 theme several 710:716 arg1 availability 778:789 low availability 774:789 low availability 774:789 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 11 theme several 710:716 arg1 factors 718:724 several factors 710:724 several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut 710:806 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 11 theme several 710:716 arg1 stability 740:748 low stability 736:748 low stability 736:748 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 11 theme several 710:716 arg1 palatability 756:767 poor palatability 751:767 poor palatability 751:767 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 2 12 theme worldwide 332:340 arg1 emergence 286:294 the emergence 282:294 the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide 282:340 However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide has made it urgent to minimize the use of in-feed antibiotics. 30141924 10 13 theme lower 2106:2110 arg1 gut 2112:2114 the lower gut 2102:2114 the lower gut of pigs 2102:2122 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 2 14 theme antimicrobial-resistant 299:321 arg1 worldwide 332:340 antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide 299:340 antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide 299:340 However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide has made it urgent to minimize the use of in-feed antibiotics. 30141924 1 15 theme postweaning 205:215 arg1 diarrhea 217:224 postweaning diarrhea 205:224 postweaning diarrhea 205:224 Antibiotics have been widely supplemented in feeds at subtherapeutic concentrations to prevent postweaning diarrhea and increase the overall productivity of pigs. 30141924 2 16 theme in-feed 384:390 arg1 antibiotics 392:402 in-feed antibiotics 384:402 in-feed antibiotics 384:402 However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide has made it urgent to minimize the use of in-feed antibiotics. 30141924 5 17 theme study 842:846 arg1 objective 824:832 the objective 820:832 the objective of this study 820:846 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 4 18 theme poor 751:754 arg1 palatability 756:767 poor palatability 751:767 poor palatability 751:767 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 9 19 theme excellent 1836:1844 arg1 % 1862:1862 >90% 1859:1862 >90% 1859:1862 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 9 19 theme excellent 1836:1844 arg1 stabilities 1846:1856 excellent stabilities 1836:1856 excellent stabilities (>90%) 1836:1863 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 7 20 theme gastric 1221:1227 arg1 SGF 1236:1238 SGF 1236:1238 SGF 1236:1238 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 20 theme gastric 1221:1227 arg1 fluid 1229:1233 simulated gastric fluid 1211:1233 simulated gastric fluid (SGF) 1211:1239 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 21 theme thymol 1590:1595 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 21 theme thymol 1590:1595 arg1 release 1579:1585 a rapid release 1571:1585 a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1571:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 21 theme thymol 1590:1595 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 21 theme thymol 1590:1595 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 21 theme thymol 1590:1595 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 7 22 from microparticles 1134:1147 arg1 release 1091:1097 The release 1087:1097 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles 1087:1147 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 23 from SSF 1622:1624 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 23 from SSF 1622:1624 arg1 release 1579:1585 a rapid release 1571:1585 a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1571:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 23 from SSF 1622:1624 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 23 from SSF 1622:1624 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 23 from SSF 1622:1624 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 0 24 theme Lauric 73:78 arg1 Acid 80:83 Lauric Acid 73:83 Lauric Acid 73:83 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 8 25 theme lauric 1601:1606 arg1 acid 1608:1611 lauric acid 1601:1611 lauric acid 1601:1611 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 5 26 theme essential 917:925 arg1 thymol 932:937 thymol 932:937 thymol 932:937 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 5 26 theme essential 917:925 arg1 oil 927:929 essential oil 917:929 essential oil (thymol) 917:938 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 8 27 theme ± 1428:1428 arg1 SSF 1407:1409 the SSF 1403:1409 the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%) 1403:1434 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 27 theme ± 1428:1428 arg1 % 1433:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 4 28 theme lower 798:802 arg1 gut 804:806 the lower gut 794:806 the lower gut 794:806 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 6 29 theme composite 968:976 arg1 microparticles 978:991 The composite microparticles 964:991 The composite microparticles 964:991 The composite microparticles were produced by the incorporation of starch and alginate through a melt-granulation process. 30141924 8 30 theme 2 1328:1328 arg1 % 1329:1329 % 1329:1329 % 1329:1329 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 0 31 theme Intestinal 92:101 arg1 Tract 103:107 Pig Intestinal Tract 88:107 Pig Intestinal Tract 88:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 8 32 theme % 1706:1706 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 32 theme % 1706:1706 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 33 theme ± 1714:1714 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 33 theme ± 1714:1714 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 34 theme alginate 1331:1338 arg1 solution 1340:1347 2% alginate solution 1328:1347 2% alginate solution 1328:1347 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 2 35 theme antibiotics 392:402 arg1 use 377:379 the use 373:379 the use of in-feed antibiotics 373:402 However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide has made it urgent to minimize the use of in-feed antibiotics. 30141924 7 36 theme simulated 1179:1187 arg1 SSF 1205:1207 SSF 1205:1207 SSF 1205:1207 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 36 theme simulated 1179:1187 arg1 fluid 1198:1202 simulated salivary fluid 1179:1202 simulated salivary fluid (SSF) 1179:1208 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 5 37 theme MCFA 944:947 arg1 model 908:912 a model 906:912 a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid) 906:961 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 10 38 theme present 2021:2027 arg1 study 2029:2033 the present study 2017:2033 the present study 2017:2033 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 4 39 theme essential 578:586 arg1 oils 588:591 essential oils 578:591 essential oils 578:591 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 0 40 theme Novel 15:19 arg1 Microparticles 21:34 Novel Microparticles 15:34 Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract 15:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 5 41 theme lauric 950:955 arg1 MCFA 944:947 MCFA 944:947 MCFA (lauric acid) 944:961 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 5 41 theme lauric 950:955 arg1 acid 957:960 lauric acid 950:960 lauric acid 950:960 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 6 42 theme alginate 1042:1049 arg1 incorporation 1014:1026 the incorporation 1010:1026 the incorporation of starch and alginate 1010:1049 The composite microparticles were produced by the incorporation of starch and alginate through a melt-granulation process. 30141924 3 43 theme promising 424:432 arg1 alternatives 434:445 promising alternatives 424:445 promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics 424:468 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 8 44 theme ± 1447:1447 arg1 % 1465:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 44 theme ± 1447:1447 arg1 SGF 1437:1439 SGF 1437:1439 SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%) 1437:1466 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 45 theme % 1638:1638 arg1 SSF 1622:1624 the SSF 1618:1624 the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1618:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 45 theme % 1638:1638 arg1 % 1651:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 46 theme slow 1361:1364 arg1 release 1366:1372 a slow release 1359:1372 a slow release of thymol and lauric acid 1359:1398 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 9 47 from acid 1759:1762 arg1 microparticles 1781:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 6 48 theme starch 1031:1036 arg1 incorporation 1014:1026 the incorporation 1010:1026 the incorporation of starch and alginate 1010:1049 The composite microparticles were produced by the incorporation of starch and alginate through a melt-granulation process. 30141924 8 49 theme % 1452:1452 arg1 % 1465:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 49 theme % 1452:1452 arg1 SGF 1437:1439 SGF 1437:1439 SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%) 1437:1466 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 0 50 theme Thymol 62:67 arg1 Delivery 50:57 Effective Delivery 40:57 Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract 40:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 10 51 theme microparticles 2211:2224 arg1 efficacy 2195:2202 the efficacy 2191:2202 the efficacy of the microparticles 2191:2224 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 7 52 theme intestinal 1256:1265 arg1 SIF 1274:1276 SIF 1274:1276 SIF 1274:1276 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 52 theme intestinal 1256:1265 arg1 fluid 1267:1271 simulated intestinal fluid 1246:1271 simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) 1246:1277 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 53 theme ± 1701:1701 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 53 theme ± 1701:1701 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 54 theme ± 1483:1483 arg1 SIF 1473:1475 SIF 1473:1475 SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%) 1473:1502 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 54 theme ± 1483:1483 arg1 % 1501:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 9 55 theme room 1932:1935 arg1 temperature 1937:1947 room temperature 1932:1947 room temperature 1932:1947 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 8 56 theme acid 1395:1398 arg1 release 1366:1372 a slow release 1359:1372 a slow release of thymol and lauric acid 1359:1398 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 57 theme % 1488:1488 arg1 SIF 1473:1475 SIF 1473:1475 SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%) 1473:1502 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 57 theme % 1488:1488 arg1 % 1501:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 1 58 theme overall 243:249 arg1 productivity 251:262 the overall productivity 239:262 the overall productivity of pigs 239:270 Antibiotics have been widely supplemented in feeds at subtherapeutic concentrations to prevent postweaning diarrhea and increase the overall productivity of pigs. 30141924 7 59 theme acid 1120:1123 arg1 release 1091:1097 The release 1087:1097 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles 1087:1147 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 10 60 theme further 2134:2140 arg1 investigations 2150:2163 further in vivo investigations 2134:2163 further in vivo investigations 2134:2163 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 4 61 theme postweaning 620:630 arg1 diarrhea 632:639 postweaning diarrhea 620:639 postweaning diarrhea 620:639 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 8 62 theme ± 1646:1646 arg1 SSF 1622:1624 the SSF 1618:1624 the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1618:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 62 theme ± 1646:1646 arg1 % 1651:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4% 1627:1651 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 63 theme ± 1678:1678 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 63 theme ± 1678:1678 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 2 64 theme bacteria 323:330 arg1 worldwide 332:340 antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide 299:340 antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide 299:340 However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria worldwide has made it urgent to minimize the use of in-feed antibiotics. 30141924 9 65 dep thymol 1741:1746 arg1 The 1737:1739 The 1737:1739 The 1737:1739 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 4 66 theme direct 657:662 arg1 inclusion 664:672 their direct inclusion 651:672 their direct inclusion 651:672 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 8 67 theme ± 1665:1665 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 67 theme ± 1665:1665 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 5 68 theme oil 927:929 arg1 model 908:912 a model 906:912 a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid) 906:961 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 4 69 theme fatty 555:559 arg1 MCFA 568:571 MCFA 568:571 MCFA 568:571 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 69 theme fatty 555:559 arg1 acids 561:565 medium-chain fatty acids 542:565 medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) 542:572 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 8 70 theme ± 1417:1417 arg1 SSF 1407:1409 the SSF 1403:1409 the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%) 1403:1434 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 70 theme ± 1417:1417 arg1 % 1433:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 10 71 theme pigs 2119:2122 arg1 gut 2112:2114 the lower gut 2102:2114 the lower gut of pigs 2102:2122 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 8 72 theme % 1670:1670 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 72 theme % 1670:1670 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 73 theme % 1422:1422 arg1 SSF 1407:1409 the SSF 1403:1409 the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%) 1403:1434 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 73 theme % 1422:1422 arg1 % 1433:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1% 1412:1433 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 3 74 theme sustainability of 501:517 arg1 production 525:534 the sustainability of swine production 497:534 the sustainability of swine production 497:534 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 7 75 theme simulated 1211:1219 arg1 SGF 1236:1238 SGF 1236:1238 SGF 1236:1238 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 75 theme simulated 1211:1219 arg1 fluid 1229:1233 simulated gastric fluid 1211:1233 simulated gastric fluid (SGF) 1211:1239 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 76 theme rapid 1573:1577 arg1 release 1579:1585 a rapid release 1571:1585 a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1571:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 4 77 from palatability 756:767 arg1 gut 804:806 the lower gut 794:806 the lower gut 794:806 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 78 theme medium-chain 542:553 arg1 MCFA 568:571 MCFA 568:571 MCFA 568:571 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 4 78 theme medium-chain 542:553 arg1 acids 561:565 medium-chain fatty acids 542:565 medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) 542:572 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 10 79 theme in 2142:2143 arg1 investigations 2150:2163 further in vivo investigations 2134:2163 further in vivo investigations 2134:2163 These results evidenced that the approach developed in the present study could be potentially employed to deliver thymol and lauric acid to the lower gut of pigs, although further in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the efficacy of the microparticles. 30141924 0 80 theme Acid 80:83 arg1 Delivery 50:57 Effective Delivery 40:57 Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract 40:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 4 81 theme low 736:738 arg1 stability 740:748 low stability 736:748 low stability 736:748 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 0 82 theme Pig 88:90 arg1 Tract 103:107 Pig Intestinal Tract 88:107 Pig Intestinal Tract 88:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 7 83 theme salivary 1189:1196 arg1 SSF 1205:1207 SSF 1205:1207 SSF 1205:1207 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 83 theme salivary 1189:1196 arg1 fluid 1198:1202 simulated salivary fluid 1179:1202 simulated salivary fluid (SSF) 1179:1208 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 84 theme acid 1608:1611 arg1 SGF 1655:1657 SGF 1655:1657 SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%) 1655:1684 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 84 theme acid 1608:1611 arg1 release 1579:1585 a rapid release 1571:1585 a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%) 1571:1652 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 84 theme acid 1608:1611 arg1 SIF 1691:1693 SIF 1691:1693 SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%) 1691:1720 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 84 theme acid 1608:1611 arg1 % 1719:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6% 1696:1719 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 84 theme acid 1608:1611 arg1 % 1683:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9% 1660:1683 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 4 85 from availability 778:789 arg1 gut 804:806 the lower gut 794:806 the lower gut 794:806 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 6 86 theme melt-granulation 1061:1076 arg1 process 1078:1084 a melt-granulation process 1059:1084 a melt-granulation process 1059:1084 The composite microparticles were produced by the incorporation of starch and alginate through a melt-granulation process. 30141924 8 87 theme % 1329:1329 arg1 solution 1340:1347 2% alginate solution 1328:1347 2% alginate solution 1328:1347 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 3 88 theme in-feed 450:456 arg1 antibiotics 458:468 in-feed antibiotics 450:468 in-feed antibiotics 450:468 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 0 89 theme Microparticles 21:34 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 0:108 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 4 90 theme great 601:605 arg1 potential 607:615 great potential 601:615 great potential 601:615 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 5 91 theme microparticles 880:893 arg1 formulation 865:875 a formulation 863:875 a formulation of microparticles 863:893 Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a formulation of microparticles to deliver a model of essential oil (thymol) and MCFA (lauric acid). 30141924 0 92 theme Effective 40:48 arg1 Delivery 50:57 Effective Delivery 40:57 Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract 40:107 Development of Novel Microparticles for Effective Delivery of Thymol and Lauric Acid to Pig Intestinal Tract. 30141924 3 93 theme alternatives 434:445 arg1 crucial 473:479 crucial 473:479 crucial 473:479 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 3 93 theme alternatives 434:445 arg1 development 409:419 The development 405:419 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics 405:468 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 9 94 from thymol 1741:1746 arg1 microparticles 1781:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 the developed microparticles 1767:1794 The thymol and lauric acid in the developed microparticles with or without alginate both exhibited excellent stabilities (>90%) during being stored at 4 °C for 12 weeks and after being stored at room temperature for 2 weeks. 30141924 7 95 theme simulated 1246:1254 arg1 SIF 1274:1276 SIF 1274:1276 SIF 1274:1276 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 7 95 theme simulated 1246:1254 arg1 fluid 1267:1271 simulated intestinal fluid 1246:1271 simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) 1246:1277 The release of thymol and lauric acid from the microparticles was in vitro determined using simulated salivary fluid (SSF), simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), consecutively. 30141924 8 96 theme ± 1460:1460 arg1 % 1465:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7% 1442:1465 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 96 theme ± 1460:1460 arg1 SGF 1437:1439 SGF 1437:1439 SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%) 1437:1466 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 97 theme thymol 1377:1382 arg1 release 1366:1372 a slow release 1359:1372 a slow release of thymol and lauric acid 1359:1398 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 3 98 theme swine 519:523 arg1 production 525:534 the sustainability of swine production 497:534 the sustainability of swine production 497:534 The development of promising alternatives to in-feed antibiotics is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of swine production. 30141924 4 99 from stability 740:748 arg1 gut 804:806 the lower gut 794:806 the lower gut 794:806 Both medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and essential oils exhibit great potential to postweaning diarrhea; however, their direct inclusion has compromised efficacy because of several factors including low stability, poor palatability, and low availability in the lower gut. 30141924 8 100 theme lauric 1388:1393 arg1 acid 1395:1398 lauric acid 1388:1398 lauric acid 1388:1398 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 101 theme ± 1496:1496 arg1 SIF 1473:1475 SIF 1473:1475 SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%) 1473:1502 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30141924 8 101 theme ± 1496:1496 arg1 % 1501:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6% 1478:1501 The microparticles prepared with 2% alginate solution displayed a slow release of thymol and lauric acid in the SSF (21.2 ± 2.3%; 36 ± 1.1%), SGF (73.7 ± 6.9%; 54.8 ± 1.7%), and SIF (99.1 ± 1.2%; 99.1 ± 0.6%), respectively, whereas, the microparticles without alginate showed a rapid release of thymol and lauric acid from the SSF (79.9 ± 11.8%; 84.9 ± 9.4%), SGF (92.5 ± 3.5%; 75.8 ± 5.9%), and SIF (93.3 ± 9.4%; 93.3 ± 4.6%), respectively. 30711739 2 0 theme electron 489:496 arg1 microscope 498:507 transmission electron microscope 476:507 transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements 476:526 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 0 theme electron 489:496 arg1 TEM 510:512 TEM 510:512 TEM 510:512 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 7 1 theme great 1588:1592 arg1 potential 1594:1602 its great potential 1584:1602 its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds 1584:1676 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 2 2 theme pyrolysis 613:621 arg1 temperature 623:633 pyrolysis temperature 613:633 pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C 613:643 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 3 theme BET 736:738 arg1 area 749:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 7 4 theme disruptor 1658:1666 arg1 compounds 1668:1676 endocrine disruptor compounds 1648:1676 endocrine disruptor compounds 1648:1676 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 2 5 theme transmission 476:487 arg1 microscope 498:507 transmission electron microscope 476:507 transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements 476:526 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 5 theme transmission 476:487 arg1 TEM 510:512 TEM 510:512 TEM 510:512 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 6 theme H-bond 1410:1415 arg1 interaction 1417:1427 H-bond interaction 1410:1427 H-bond interaction 1410:1427 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 6 7 theme experimental 1246:1257 arg1 results 1259:1265 The experimental results 1242:1265 The experimental results 1242:1265 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 2 8 dep caused 564:569 arg1 distribute 581:590 distribute 581:590 caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces 564:610 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 4 9 theme adsorption 1088:1097 arg1 model 1108:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 4 9 theme adsorption 1088:1097 arg1 model 1129:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 3 10 theme  > MMT/CMC1:1 863:875 arg1  ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1 899:917 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 3 11 theme order 824:828 arg1  ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1 899:917 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 0 12 theme pyrolysis 99:107 arg1 carbonization 109:121 pyrolysis carbonization 99:121 pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose 99:148 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 2 13 theme MMT 599:601 arg1 surfaces 603:610 the MMT surfaces 595:610 the MMT surfaces 595:610 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 14 theme MMT/CMC 659:665 arg1 sample 667:672 novel MMT/CMC sample 653:672 novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas 653:694 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 15 theme der 1465:1467 arg1 interaction 1475:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 3 16 theme MMT/CMC1:1 830:839 arg1  ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1 899:917 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 0 17 theme carboxymethyl 126:138 arg1 cellulose 140:148 carboxymethyl cellulose 126:148 carboxymethyl cellulose 126:148 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 2 18 theme novel 653:657 arg1 sample 667:672 novel MMT/CMC sample 653:672 novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas 653:694 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 7 19 theme wastewater 1620:1629 arg1 purification 1631:1642 wastewater purification 1620:1642 wastewater purification 1620:1642 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 7 20 from potential 1594:1602 arg1 purification 1631:1642 wastewater purification 1620:1642 wastewater purification 1620:1642 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 7 20 from potential 1594:1602 arg1 drinking 1607:1614 drinking 1607:1614 drinking 1607:1614 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 4 21 theme Freundlich 1118:1127 arg1 model 1108:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 4 21 theme Freundlich 1118:1127 arg1 model 1129:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 6 22 theme staking 1389:1395 arg1 interaction 1397:1407 π-π staking interaction 1385:1407 π-π staking interaction 1385:1407 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 4 23 theme best-fit 1079:1086 arg1 model 1108:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 4 23 theme best-fit 1079:1086 arg1 model 1129:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 2 24 theme CMC 404:406 arg1 intercalation 408:420 CMC intercalation 404:420 CMC intercalation 404:420 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 25 theme weight 457:462 arg1 ratio 464:468 MMT weight ratio 453:468 MMT weight ratio of 1 453:473 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 0 26 from water 30:34 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids 0:84 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 2 27 theme areas 690:694 arg1 sample 667:672 novel MMT/CMC sample 653:672 novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas 653:694 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 3 28 theme  ∼ MMT/CMC2:1 881:893 arg1  ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1 899:917 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 2 29 theme MMT 453:455 arg1 ratio 464:468 MMT weight ratio 453:468 MMT weight ratio of 1 453:473 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 3 30 theme adsorbed 759:766 arg1 βE2 778:780 βE2 778:780 βE2 778:780 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 3 30 theme adsorbed 759:766 arg1 amount 768:773 The adsorbed amount 755:773 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions 755:805 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 2 31 theme surface 682:688 arg1 areas 690:694 high surface areas 677:694 high surface areas 677:694 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 4 32 theme Ritchie 1042:1048 arg1 model 1068:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 6 33 theme π-π 1385:1387 arg1 interaction 1397:1407 π-π staking interaction 1385:1407 π-π staking interaction 1385:1407 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 6 34 theme βE2 1302:1304 arg1 adsorption 1288:1297 the adsorption 1284:1297 the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite 1284:1337 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 2 35 theme high 677:680 arg1 areas 690:694 high surface areas 677:694 high surface areas 677:694 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 36 theme Waals 1469:1473 arg1 interaction 1475:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 1 37 theme carbonized 204:213 arg1 hybrids 265:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 0 38 theme 17β-Estradiol 11:23 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids 0:84 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 1 39 theme efficient 315:323 arg1 removal 325:331 efficient removal 315:331 efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2) 315:354 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 0 40 theme cellulose 140:148 arg1 carbonization 109:121 pyrolysis carbonization 99:121 pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose 99:148 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 6 41 theme van 1461:1463 arg1 interaction 1475:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 4 42 theme kinetic 1060:1066 arg1 model 1068:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 1 43 theme montmorillonite/carboxymethyl 215:243 arg1 hybrids 265:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 4 44 theme nth-order 1050:1058 arg1 model 1068:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model 1038:1072 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 1 45 theme cellulose 245:253 arg1 hybrids 265:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 2 46 theme 1 473:473 arg1 ratio 464:468 MMT weight ratio 453:468 MMT weight ratio of 1 453:473 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 47 theme hydrophobic 1359:1369 arg1 partitioning 1371:1382 hydrophobic partitioning 1359:1382 hydrophobic partitioning 1359:1382 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 5 48 theme good 1171:1174 arg1 performance 1189:1199 good regeneration performance 1171:1199 good regeneration performance 1171:1199 The MMT/CMC1:1(600) also exhibited good regeneration performance after five adsorption/desorption cycles. 30711739 3 49 theme βE2 778:780 arg1 βE2 778:780 βE2 778:780 βE2 778:780 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 3 49 theme βE2 778:780 arg1 amount 768:773 The adsorbed amount 755:773 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions 755:805 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 1 50 theme 17β-Estradiol 336:348 arg1 removal 325:331 efficient removal 315:331 efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2) 315:354 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 0 51 theme montmorillonite-carbon 55:76 arg1 hybrids 78:84 montmorillonite-carbon hybrids 55:84 montmorillonite-carbon hybrids 55:84 Removal of 17β-Estradiol from water by adsorption onto montmorillonite-carbon hybrids derived from pyrolysis carbonization of carboxymethyl cellulose. 30711739 2 52 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 712:733 arg1 area 749:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 53 theme diffractometer 363:376 arg1 results 384:390 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results 357:390 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results 357:390 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 54 theme pore-filling 1430:1441 arg1 effect 1443:1448 pore-filling effect 1430:1448 pore-filling effect 1430:1448 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 2 55 theme X-ray 357:361 arg1 XRD 379:381 XRD 379:381 XRD 379:381 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 2 55 theme X-ray 357:361 arg1 diffractometer 363:376 X-ray diffractometer 357:376 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results 357:390 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 56 theme simple 1454:1459 arg1 interaction 1475:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 simple van der Waals interaction 1454:1485 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 2 57 from 600 °C 638:643 arg1 temperature 623:633 pyrolysis temperature 613:633 pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C 613:643 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 6 58 from adsorption 1288:1297 arg1 composite 1329:1337 the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite 1309:1337 the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite 1309:1337 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 1 59 theme MMT/CMC 256:262 arg1 hybrids 265:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 200:271 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 4 60 theme isotherm 1099:1106 arg1 model 1108:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 the best-fit adsorption isotherm model 1075:1112 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 4 60 theme isotherm 1099:1106 arg1 model 1129:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 Freundlich model 1118:1133 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 6 61 theme MMT/CMC1:1 1313:1322 arg1 composite 1329:1337 the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite 1309:1337 the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite 1309:1337 The experimental results also showed that the adsorption of βE2 on the MMT/CMC1:1(600) composite could contribute to hydrophobic partitioning, π-π staking interaction, H-bond interaction, pore-filling effect and simple van der Waals interaction. 30711739 7 62 theme endocrine 1648:1656 arg1 compounds 1668:1676 endocrine disruptor compounds 1648:1676 endocrine disruptor compounds 1648:1676 This highly effective and novel adsorbent can be easily synthesized and regenerated, indicating its great potential in drinking and wastewater purification for endocrine disruptor compounds. 30711739 4 63 theme βE2 940:942 arg1 removal 929:935 The removal 925:935 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) 925:961 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 5 64 theme adsorption/desorption 1212:1232 arg1 cycles 1234:1239 five adsorption/desorption cycles 1207:1239 five adsorption/desorption cycles 1207:1239 The MMT/CMC1:1(600) also exhibited good regeneration performance after five adsorption/desorption cycles. 30711739 2 65 theme surface 741:747 arg1 area 749:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 712:752 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 3 66 theme  > MMT/CMC1:1 845:857 arg1  ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1 899:917 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600) 820:922 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 30711739 1 67 theme hybrids 265:271 arg1 application 283:293 their application 277:293 their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2) 277:354 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 1 67 theme hybrids 265:271 arg1 preparation 185:195 the preparation 181:195 the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids 181:271 In this work, we demonstrated the preparation of the carbonized montmorillonite/carboxymethyl cellulose (MMT/CMC) hybrids and their application as an adsorbent for efficient removal of 17β-Estradiol (βE2). 30711739 2 68 theme microscope 498:507 arg1 measurements 515:526 transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements 476:526 transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements 476:526 X-ray diffractometer (XRD) results showed that CMC intercalation reached saturation at a CMC to MMT weight ratio of 1; transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements clearly revealed that carbonization caused graphenes distribute on the MMT surfaces; pyrolysis temperature at 600 °C yielded novel MMT/CMC sample of high surface areas as reflected by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. 30711739 5 69 theme regeneration 1176:1187 arg1 performance 1189:1199 good regeneration performance 1171:1199 good regeneration performance 1171:1199 The MMT/CMC1:1(600) also exhibited good regeneration performance after five adsorption/desorption cycles. 30711739 4 70 theme adsorption 994:1003 arg1 kinetics 1005:1012 the adsorption kinetics 990:1012 the adsorption kinetics 990:1012 The removal of βE2 by MMT/CMC1:1(600) occurred very quickly, and the adsorption kinetics could be well fitted by the Ritchie nth-order kinetic model; the best-fit adsorption isotherm model was Freundlich model. 30711739 3 71 theme various 788:794 arg1 conditions 796:805 various conditions 788:805 various conditions 788:805 The adsorbed amount of βE2 under various conditions decreased in the order MMT/CMC1:1(600) > MMT/CMC1:1(450) > MMT/CMC1:1(300) ∼ MMT/CMC2:1(600) ∼ MMT > MMT/CMC5:1(600). 29984479 3 0 theme insulin 707:713 arg1 efficiency 693:702 oral delivery efficiency 679:702 oral delivery efficiency of insulin 679:713 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 6 1 theme HA-SH 1270:1274 arg1 coating 1276:1282 HA-SH coating 1270:1282 HA-SH coating 1270:1282 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 6 2 theme coating 1276:1282 arg1 surface 1243:1249 its thiolated surface 1229:1249 its thiolated surface 1229:1249 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 6 2 theme coating 1276:1282 arg1 ability 1259:1265 the ability 1255:1265 the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer 1255:1356 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 1 3 theme attractive 146:155 arg1 delivery 114:121 Oral delivery 109:121 Oral delivery of protein drugs 109:138 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 1 3 theme attractive 146:155 arg1 route 157:161 an attractive route 143:161 an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance 143:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 4 4 theme electrostatic 777:789 arg1 complexation 791:802 electrostatic complexation 777:802 electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC) 777:897 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 0 5 theme Oral 83:86 arg1 Delivery 88:95 Oral Delivery 83:95 Oral Delivery of Insulin 83:106 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 3 6 theme delivery 684:691 arg1 efficiency 693:702 oral delivery efficiency 679:702 oral delivery efficiency of insulin 679:713 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 7 7 theme % 1482:1482 arg1 bioavailability 1459:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 7 7 theme % 1482:1482 arg1 efficacy 1426:1433 high efficacy 1421:1433 high efficacy 1421:1433 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 3 8 theme therapeutic 503:513 arg1 insulin 476:482 insulin 476:482 insulin 476:482 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 8 theme therapeutic 503:513 arg1 protein 495:501 a model protein therapeutic 487:513 a model protein therapeutic 487:513 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 6 9 theme transepithelial 1187:1201 arg1 transport 1203:1211 transepithelial transport 1187:1211 transepithelial transport property 1187:1220 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 0 10 theme Insulin 100:106 arg1 Delivery 88:95 Oral Delivery 83:95 Oral Delivery of Insulin 83:106 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 6 11 dep ex 1078:1079 arg1 vivo 1081:1084 vivo 1081:1084 vivo 1081:1084 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 6 12 theme mucus-penetration 1126:1142 arg1 ability 1144:1150 high mucus-penetration ability 1121:1150 high mucus-penetration ability 1121:1150 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 5 13 theme average 971:977 arg1 size 979:982 an average size 968:982 an average size of 100 nm 968:992 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 3 14 theme acid 571:574 arg1 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 14 theme acid 571:574 arg1 coating 584:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating 550:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) 550:601 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 6 15 theme high 1121:1124 arg1 ability 1144:1150 high mucus-penetration ability 1121:1150 high mucus-penetration ability 1121:1150 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 3 16 theme thiolated 550:558 arg1 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 16 theme thiolated 550:558 arg1 coating 584:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating 550:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) 550:601 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 2 17 theme protein 277:283 arg1 therapeutics 285:296 currently oral protein therapeutics 262:296 currently oral protein therapeutics 262:296 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 6 18 theme ex 1078:1079 arg1 results 1086:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results 1065:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results 1065:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 7 19 theme average 1442:1448 arg1 bioavailability 1459:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 6 20 theme In 1065:1066 arg1 results 1086:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results 1065:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results 1065:1092 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 2 21 theme oral 272:275 arg1 therapeutics 285:296 currently oral protein therapeutics 262:296 currently oral protein therapeutics 262:296 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 2 22 theme environments 389:400 arg1 existence 346:354 the existence 342:354 the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers 342:459 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 8 23 theme HA-SH 1520:1524 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 23 theme HA-SH 1520:1524 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 4 24 theme ammonium 856:863 arg1 chloride 865:872 N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride 824:872 N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride 824:872 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 0 25 theme Uniform 0:6 arg1 Core-Shell 8:17 Uniform Core-Shell 0:17 Uniform Core-Shell 0:17 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 1 26 theme administration 166:179 arg1 delivery 114:121 Oral delivery 109:121 Oral delivery of protein drugs 109:138 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 1 26 theme administration 166:179 arg1 route 157:161 an attractive route 143:161 an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance 143:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 6 27 theme thiolated 1233:1241 arg1 surface 1243:1249 its thiolated surface 1229:1249 its thiolated surface 1229:1249 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 5 28 theme optimized 944:952 arg1 NPHA-SH 954:960 The optimized NPHA-SH 940:960 The optimized NPHA-SH 940:960 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 3 29 theme core-shell 520:529 arg1 nanoparticles 531:543 the core-shell nanoparticles 516:543 the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) 516:601 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 4 30 dep insulin 812:818 arg1 HTCC 893:896 HTCC 893:896 HTCC 893:896 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 4 30 dep insulin 812:818 arg1 chitosan 883:890 modified chitosan 874:890 modified chitosan (HTCC) 874:897 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 2 31 theme epithelial 441:450 arg1 barriers 452:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 8 32 theme core-shell 1533:1542 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 32 theme core-shell 1533:1542 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 4 33 theme modified 874:881 arg1 HTCC 893:896 HTCC 893:896 HTCC 893:896 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 4 33 theme modified 874:881 arg1 chitosan 883:890 modified chitosan 874:890 modified chitosan (HTCC) 874:897 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 2 34 theme low 308:310 arg1 bioavailability 312:326 very low bioavailability 303:326 very low bioavailability 303:326 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 4 35 with coating 920:926 arg1 HA-SH 933:937 HA-SH 933:937 HA-SH 933:937 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 2 36 theme intestinal 430:439 arg1 barriers 452:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 8 37 theme coated 1526:1531 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 37 theme coated 1526:1531 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 7 38 theme Oral 1359:1362 arg1 administration 1364:1377 Oral administration 1359:1377 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats 1359:1412 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 3 39 theme hyaluronic 560:569 arg1 acid 571:574 hyaluronic acid 560:574 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) 550:601 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 39 theme hyaluronic 560:569 arg1 HA-SH 577:581 HA-SH 577:581 HA-SH 577:581 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 4 40 theme nanoparticle 737:748 arg1 core 750:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core 716:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core 716:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 2 41 dep gastrointestinal 367:382 arg1 GI 385:386 GI 385:386 GI 385:386 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 3 42 theme flash 637:641 arg1 process 660:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 1 43 theme Oral 109:112 arg1 delivery 114:121 Oral delivery 109:121 Oral delivery of protein drugs 109:138 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 1 43 theme Oral 109:112 arg1 route 157:161 an attractive route 143:161 an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance 143:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 2 44 theme mucus 413:417 arg1 layers 419:424 mucus layers 413:424 mucus layers 413:424 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 0 45 theme Hyaluronic 48:57 arg1 Acid 59:62 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid 38:62 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating 38:70 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 8 46 theme oral 1574:1577 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 46 theme oral 1574:1577 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 6 47 theme nanoparticle 1307:1318 arg1 surface 1320:1326 the nanoparticle surface 1303:1326 the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer 1303:1356 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 3 48 theme nanocomplexation 643:658 arg1 process 660:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 6 49 dep In 1065:1066 arg1 vitro 1068:1072 vitro 1068:1072 vitro 1068:1072 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 7 50 theme high 1421:1424 arg1 efficacy 1426:1433 high efficacy 1421:1433 high efficacy 1421:1433 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 0 51 theme Thiolated 38:46 arg1 Acid 59:62 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid 38:62 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating 38:70 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 7 52 theme relative 1450:1457 arg1 bioavailability 1459:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 an average relative bioavailability 1439:1473 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 3 53 with nanoparticles 531:543 arg1 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 NPHA-SH 593:599 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 53 with nanoparticles 531:543 arg1 coating 584:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating 550:590 thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) 550:601 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 1 54 theme repeated 208:215 arg1 dosing 217:222 repeated dosing 208:222 repeated dosing 208:222 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 8 55 theme promising 1564:1572 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 55 theme promising 1564:1572 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 3 56 theme two-step 628:635 arg1 process 660:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 a two-step flash nanocomplexation process 626:666 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 4 57 theme -3-trimethyl 843:854 arg1 chloride 865:872 N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride 824:872 N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride 824:872 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 0 58 theme Acid 59:62 arg1 Coating 64:70 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating 38:70 Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating 38:70 Uniform Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Hyaluronic Acid Coating to Enhance Oral Delivery of Insulin. 29984479 8 59 theme delivery 1579:1586 arg1 nanoparticles 1544:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles 1516:1556 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 8 59 theme delivery 1579:1586 arg1 vehicle 1588:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle 1562:1594 a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics 1562:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 6 60 theme transport 1203:1211 arg1 property 1213:1220 transepithelial transport property 1187:1220 transepithelial transport property 1187:1220 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 3 61 theme model 489:493 arg1 insulin 476:482 insulin 476:482 insulin 476:482 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 3 61 theme model 489:493 arg1 protein 495:501 a model protein therapeutic 487:513 a model protein therapeutic 487:513 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 6 62 theme intestinal 1162:1171 arg1 retention 1173:1181 improved intestinal retention 1153:1181 improved intestinal retention 1153:1181 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 3 63 theme oral 679:682 arg1 efficiency 693:702 oral delivery efficiency 679:702 oral delivery efficiency of insulin 679:713 Herein, using insulin as a model protein therapeutic, the core-shell nanoparticles with thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) coating (NPHA-SH ) are produced utilizing a two-step flash nanocomplexation process to enhance oral delivery efficiency of insulin. 29984479 5 64 theme nm 991:992 arg1 size 979:982 an average size 968:982 an average size of 100 nm 968:992 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 7 65 theme diabetic 1400:1407 arg1 rats 1409:1412 Type 1 diabetic rats 1393:1412 Type 1 diabetic rats 1393:1412 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 1 66 theme protein 126:132 arg1 drugs 134:138 protein drugs 126:138 protein drugs 126:138 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 7 67 theme NPHA-SH 1382:1388 arg1 administration 1364:1377 Oral administration 1359:1377 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats 1359:1412 Oral administration of NPHA-SH to Type 1 diabetic rats yields high efficacy and an average relative bioavailability of 11.3%. 29984479 4 68 theme surface 912:918 arg1 coating 920:926 surface coating 912:926 surface coating with HA-SH 912:937 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 5 69 theme loading 1041:1047 arg1 capacity 1049:1056 loading capacity 1041:1056 loading capacity (38%) 1041:1062 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 5 69 theme loading 1041:1047 arg1 % 1061:1061 38% 1059:1061 38% 1059:1061 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 6 70 theme improved 1153:1160 arg1 retention 1173:1181 improved intestinal retention 1153:1181 improved intestinal retention 1153:1181 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 1 71 theme drugs 134:138 arg1 delivery 114:121 Oral delivery 109:121 Oral delivery of protein drugs 109:138 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 1 71 theme drugs 134:138 arg1 route 157:161 an attractive route 143:161 an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance 143:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 6 72 theme mucosal 1344:1350 arg1 layer 1352:1356 the mucosal layer 1340:1356 the mucosal layer 1340:1356 In vitro and ex vivo results confirm that NPHA-SH shows high mucus-penetration ability, improved intestinal retention and transepithelial transport property due to its thiolated surface and the ability of HA-SH coating to dissociate from the nanoparticle surface when across the mucosal layer. 29984479 4 73 theme charged 729:735 arg1 core 750:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core 716:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core 716:753 A positively charged nanoparticle core is first generated by electrostatic complexation between insulin and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethyl ammonium chloride modified chitosan (HTCC), followed by surface coating with HA-SH. 29984479 5 74 theme high 999:1002 arg1 efficiency 1018:1027 high encapsulation efficiency 999:1027 high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) 999:1035 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 5 74 theme high 999:1002 arg1 % 1034:1034 91.1% 1030:1034 91.1% 1030:1034 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 2 75 theme gastrointestinal 367:382 arg1 barriers 452:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 2 75 theme gastrointestinal 367:382 arg1 environments 389:400 hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments 359:400 hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments 359:400 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 2 75 theme gastrointestinal 367:382 arg1 layers 419:424 mucus layers 413:424 mucus layers 413:424 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 1 76 theme good 228:231 arg1 compliance 241:250 good patient compliance 228:250 good patient compliance 228:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29984479 5 77 theme encapsulation 1004:1016 arg1 efficiency 1018:1027 high encapsulation efficiency 999:1027 high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) 999:1035 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 5 77 theme encapsulation 1004:1016 arg1 % 1034:1034 91.1% 1030:1034 91.1% 1030:1034 The optimized NPHA-SH shows an average size of 100 nm with high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading capacity (38%). 29984479 2 78 theme hostile 359:365 arg1 barriers 452:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 intestinal epithelial barriers 430:459 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 2 78 theme hostile 359:365 arg1 environments 389:400 hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments 359:400 hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments 359:400 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 2 78 theme hostile 359:365 arg1 layers 419:424 mucus layers 413:424 mucus layers 413:424 However, currently oral protein therapeutics show very low bioavailability mainly due to the existence of hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environments, including mucus layers and intestinal epithelial barriers. 29984479 8 79 theme protein 1600:1606 arg1 therapeutics 1608:1619 protein therapeutics 1600:1619 protein therapeutics 1600:1619 These results demonstrate that the HA-SH coated core-shell nanoparticles are a promising oral delivery vehicle for protein therapeutics. 29984479 1 80 theme patient 233:239 arg1 compliance 241:250 good patient compliance 228:250 good patient compliance 228:250 Oral delivery of protein drugs is an attractive route of administration due to its convenience for repeated dosing and good patient compliance. 29510525 0 0 from Sensing 30:36 arg1 Samples 81:87 Tomato and Apple Samples 64:87 Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 64:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 8 1 theme simple 1409:1414 arg1 detection 1454:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection 1409:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1409:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 3 2 theme electrochemical 743:757 arg1 spectroscopy 769:780 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 743:780 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 743:780 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 3 3 theme cyclic 720:725 arg1 voltammetry 727:737 cyclic voltammetry 720:737 cyclic voltammetry 720:737 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 1 4 theme special 365:371 arg1 toxicity 242:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 4 theme special 365:371 arg1 concern 373:379 a special concern 363:379 a special concern 363:379 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 4 theme special 365:371 arg1 platforms 271:279 electrochemical platforms 255:279 electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 255:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 5 theme rapid 285:289 arg1 determination 326:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination 285:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 285:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 6 theme Gold 98:101 arg1 Nanocomposite 146:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 8 7 theme fast 1417:1420 arg1 detection 1454:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection 1409:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1409:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 5 8 theme excellent 1022:1030 arg1 characteristics 1032:1046 excellent characteristics 1022:1046 excellent characteristics 1022:1046 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE showed excellent characteristics and possessed remarkable affinity for malathion. 29510525 2 9 theme gold 525:528 arg1 liquid 464:469 liquid 464:469 liquid 464:469 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 9 theme gold 525:528 arg1 AuNPs 545:549 AuNPs 545:549 AuNPs 545:549 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 9 theme gold 525:528 arg1 nanoparticles 530:542 electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles 495:542 electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 495:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 3 10 theme electron 699:706 arg1 microscopy 708:717 scanning electron microscopy 690:717 scanning electron microscopy 690:717 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 4 11 theme malathion 913:921 arg1 sensing 902:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing 868:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 868:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 5 12 contain possessed 1052:1060 arg1 AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 1000:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 987:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 987:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE showed excellent characteristics and possessed remarkable affinity for malathion. 29510525 5 12 contain possessed 1052:1060 arg2 affinity 1073:1080 remarkable affinity 1062:1080 remarkable affinity for malathion 1062:1094 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE showed excellent characteristics and possessed remarkable affinity for malathion. 29510525 1 13 theme simple 292:297 arg1 determination 326:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination 285:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 285:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 14 theme Liquid 132:137 arg1 Nanocomposite 146:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 3 15 theme impedance 759:767 arg1 spectroscopy 769:780 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 743:780 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 743:780 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 2 16 theme film 439:442 arg1 preparation 412:422 a simple preparation 403:422 a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 403:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 8 17 theme ultrasensitive 1423:1436 arg1 detection 1454:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection 1409:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1409:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 2 18 theme simple 405:410 arg1 preparation 412:422 a simple preparation 403:422 a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 403:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 4 19 theme wave 956:959 arg1 measurements 973:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 0 20 theme Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic 103:130 arg1 Nanocomposite 146:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 2 21 from chitosan 477:484 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 21 from chitosan 477:484 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 1 22 theme organophosphorous 183:199 arg1 pesticide 206:214 an organophosphorous type pesticide 180:214 an organophosphorous type pesticide 180:214 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 22 theme organophosphorous 183:199 arg1 Malathion 161:169 Malathion 161:169 Malathion (MLT) 161:175 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 23 theme Electrochemical 14:28 arg1 Sensing 30:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing 0:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 0:159 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 4 24 theme electrochemical 886:900 arg1 sensing 902:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing 868:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 868:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 7 25 theme real 1289:1292 arg1 analysis 1301:1308 real sample analysis 1289:1308 real sample analysis of apple and tomato 1289:1328 The method was applied in real sample analysis of apple and tomato. 29510525 6 26 theme detection 1235:1243 arg1 limit 1245:1249 a detection limit 1233:1249 a detection limit of 0.68 nM 1233:1260 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 4 27 theme cyclic 926:931 arg1 measurements 973:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 1 28 theme type 201:204 arg1 pesticide 206:214 an organophosphorous type pesticide 180:214 an organophosphorous type pesticide 180:214 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 28 theme type 201:204 arg1 Malathion 161:169 Malathion 161:169 Malathion (MLT) 161:175 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 29 theme Non-Enzymatic 0:12 arg1 Sensing 30:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing 0:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 0:159 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 4 30 theme non-enzymatic 872:884 arg1 sensing 902:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing 868:908 the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 868:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 5 31 theme proposed 991:998 arg1 AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 1000:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 987:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 987:1013 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE showed excellent characteristics and possessed remarkable affinity for malathion. 29510525 6 32 theme dynamic 1152:1158 arg1 ranges 1160:1165 two linear dynamic ranges 1141:1165 two linear dynamic ranges 1141:1165 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 6 32 theme dynamic 1152:1158 arg1 nM 1178:1179 0.89-5.94 nM 1168:1179 0.89-5.94 nM 1168:1179 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 6 32 theme dynamic 1152:1158 arg1 nM 1195:1196 5.94-44.6 nM 1185:1196 5.94-44.6 nM 1185:1196 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 1 33 theme inexpensive 300:310 arg1 determination 326:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination 285:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 285:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 4 34 theme voltammetry 961:971 arg1 measurements 973:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 4 35 theme fabricated 788:797 arg1 surface 799:805 This fabricated surface 783:805 This fabricated surface 783:805 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 4 35 theme fabricated 788:797 arg1 matrix 857:862 a sensing matrix 847:862 a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 847:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 6 36 theme linear 1145:1150 arg1 ranges 1160:1165 two linear dynamic ranges 1141:1165 two linear dynamic ranges 1141:1165 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 6 36 theme linear 1145:1150 arg1 nM 1178:1179 0.89-5.94 nM 1168:1179 0.89-5.94 nM 1168:1179 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 6 36 theme linear 1145:1150 arg1 nM 1195:1196 5.94-44.6 nM 1185:1196 5.94-44.6 nM 1185:1196 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 8 37 theme inexpensive 1442:1452 arg1 detection 1454:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection 1409:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1409:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 0 38 theme Hybrid 139:144 arg1 Nanocomposite 146:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 98:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 1 39 theme having 220:225 arg1 toxicity 242:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 39 theme having 220:225 arg1 concern 373:379 a special concern 363:379 a special concern 363:379 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 39 theme having 220:225 arg1 platforms 271:279 electrochemical platforms 255:279 electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 255:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 40 theme Pesticide 51:59 arg1 Sensing 30:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing 0:36 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 0:159 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 1 41 theme sensitive 316:324 arg1 determination 326:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination 285:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 285:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 3 42 theme AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 657:670 arg1 characterization 637:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization 601:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 601:670 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 8 43 theme electrodes 1394:1403 arg1 feasibility 1359:1369 the feasibility 1355:1369 the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1355:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 2 44 theme composite 429:437 arg1 film 439:442 a composite film 427:442 a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 427:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 0 45 theme Malathion 41:49 arg1 Pesticide 51:59 Malathion Pesticide 41:59 Malathion Pesticide 41:59 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 3 46 theme electrochemical 621:635 arg1 characterization 637:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization 601:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 601:670 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 8 47 theme MLT 1467:1469 arg1 detection 1454:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection 1409:1462 simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT 1409:1469 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 29510525 1 48 theme high 237:240 arg1 toxicity 242:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 48 theme high 237:240 arg1 concern 373:379 a special concern 363:379 a special concern 363:379 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 48 theme high 237:240 arg1 platforms 271:279 electrochemical platforms 255:279 electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 255:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 0 49 theme Tomato 64:69 arg1 Samples 81:87 Tomato and Apple Samples 64:87 Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 64:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 2 50 theme synthesized 513:523 arg1 liquid 464:469 liquid 464:469 liquid 464:469 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 50 theme synthesized 513:523 arg1 AuNPs 545:549 AuNPs 545:549 AuNPs 545:549 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 50 theme synthesized 513:523 arg1 nanoparticles 530:542 electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles 495:542 electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 495:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 51 theme graphite 573:580 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 51 theme graphite 573:580 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 7 52 theme sample 1294:1299 arg1 analysis 1301:1308 real sample analysis 1289:1308 real sample analysis of apple and tomato 1289:1328 The method was applied in real sample analysis of apple and tomato. 29510525 4 53 theme square 949:954 arg1 measurements 973:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 1 54 theme pesticides 343:352 arg1 determination 326:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination 285:338 rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 285:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 2 55 theme pencil 566:571 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 55 theme pencil 566:571 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 4 56 theme sensing 849:855 arg1 surface 799:805 This fabricated surface 783:805 This fabricated surface 783:805 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 4 56 theme sensing 849:855 arg1 matrix 857:862 a sensing matrix 847:862 a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 847:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 6 57 theme binding 1213:1219 arg1 sites 1221:1225 two binding sites 1209:1225 two binding sites 1209:1225 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 2 58 theme use 562:564 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 58 theme use 562:564 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 3 59 theme scanning 690:697 arg1 microscopy 708:717 scanning electron microscopy 690:717 scanning electron microscopy 690:717 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 3 60 theme microscopic 605:615 arg1 characterization 637:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization 601:652 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE 601:670 The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of AuNP-CS-IL/PGE was studied using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 29510525 7 61 theme tomato 1323:1328 arg1 analysis 1301:1308 real sample analysis 1289:1308 real sample analysis of apple and tomato 1289:1328 The method was applied in real sample analysis of apple and tomato. 29510525 6 62 theme current 1114:1120 arg1 response 1122:1129 The voltammetric current response 1097:1129 The voltammetric current response 1097:1129 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 2 63 theme single 555:560 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 63 theme single 555:560 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 64 from nanoparticles 530:542 arg1 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 PGEs 594:597 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 2 64 from nanoparticles 530:542 arg1 electrodes 582:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes 555:591 single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) 555:598 This paper describes a simple preparation of a composite film consisting of ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (CS) and electrochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on single use pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs). 29510525 6 65 theme nM 1259:1260 arg1 limit 1245:1249 a detection limit 1233:1249 a detection limit of 0.68 nM 1233:1260 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 6 66 theme voltammetric 1101:1112 arg1 response 1122:1129 The voltammetric current response 1097:1129 The voltammetric current response 1097:1129 The voltammetric current response exhibited two linear dynamic ranges, 0.89-5.94 nM and 5.94-44.6 nM reflecting two binding sites, with a detection limit of 0.68 nM. 29510525 0 67 theme Apple 75:79 arg1 Samples 81:87 Tomato and Apple Samples 64:87 Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite 64:158 Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing of Malathion Pesticide in Tomato and Apple Samples Based on Gold Nanoparticles-Chitosan-Ionic Liquid Hybrid Nanocomposite. 29510525 7 68 theme apple 1313:1317 arg1 analysis 1301:1308 real sample analysis 1289:1308 real sample analysis of apple and tomato 1289:1328 The method was applied in real sample analysis of apple and tomato. 29510525 1 69 theme electrochemical 255:269 arg1 toxicity 242:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 having seriously high toxicity 220:249 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 69 theme electrochemical 255:269 arg1 platforms 271:279 electrochemical platforms 255:279 electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides 255:352 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 1 69 theme electrochemical 255:269 arg1 concern 373:379 a special concern 363:379 a special concern 363:379 Malathion (MLT) is an organophosphorous type pesticide and having seriously high toxicity and electrochemical platforms for rapid, simple, inexpensive and sensitive determination of pesticides is still a special concern. 29510525 5 70 theme remarkable 1062:1071 arg1 affinity 1073:1080 remarkable affinity 1062:1080 remarkable affinity for malathion 1062:1094 The proposed AuNP-CS-IL/PGE showed excellent characteristics and possessed remarkable affinity for malathion. 29510525 4 71 theme first 833:837 arg1 time 839:842 the first time 829:842 the first time 829:842 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 4 72 theme voltammetry 933:943 arg1 measurements 973:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements 926:984 This fabricated surface was then explored for the first time as a sensing matrix for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of malathion by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements. 29510525 8 73 theme AuNP-CS-IL-modified 1374:1392 arg1 electrodes 1394:1403 AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes 1374:1403 AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes 1374:1403 The results demonstrate the feasibility of AuNP-CS-IL-modified electrodes for simple, fast, ultrasensitive and inexpensive detection of MLT. 31373330 6 0 theme hydrophobic 1322:1332 arg1 interactions 1334:1345 hydrophobic interactions 1322:1345 hydrophobic interactions 1322:1345 Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the encapsulated Cur interacted with carrier materials mainly through hydrophobic interactions. 31373330 5 1 dep % 1156:1156 arg1 to 1148:1149 to 1148:1149 to 1148:1149 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 1 2 theme composite 184:192 arg1 particles 194:202 Zein composite particles 179:202 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) 179:289 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 0 3 theme Electrostatic 88:100 arg1 Complexes 102:110 Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes 71:110 Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments 71:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 5 4 theme % 1146:1146 arg1 Cur 1136:1138 Cur 1136:1138 Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) 1136:1157 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 5 4 theme % 1146:1146 arg1 % 1156:1156 81.27% to 94.00% 1141:1156 81.27% to 94.00% 1141:1156 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 8 5 dep radical 1575:1581 arg1 ABTS•+ 1568:1573 ABTS•+ 1568:1573 ABTS•+ 1568:1573 In addition, the encapsulation retained more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur during 4 weeks of storage. 31373330 0 6 with Complexes 102:110 arg1 Stability 137:145 Improved Structural Stability 117:145 Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments 117:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 4 7 theme curcumin 774:781 arg1 ratios 797:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios 756:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w) 756:835 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 1 8 theme electrostatic 316:328 arg1 deposition 330:339 an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method 313:375 deposition 330:339 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 0 9 theme Improved 117:124 arg1 Stability 137:145 Improved Structural Stability 117:145 Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments 117:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 7 10 theme Cur 1407:1409 arg1 release 1396:1402 a sustained release 1384:1402 a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1384:1446 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 4 11 dep -19.53 1075:1080 arg1 to 1072:1073 to 1072:1073 to 1072:1073 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 9 12 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 1664:1684 arg1 particles 1686:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 9 12 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 1664:1684 arg1 system 1732:1737 a potential delivery system 1711:1737 a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages 1711:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 7 13 theme aqueous 1458:1464 arg1 environment 1466:1476 acidic aqueous environment 1451:1476 acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h 1451:1494 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 7 13 theme aqueous 1458:1464 arg1 pH 1479:1480 pH 4 1479:1482 pH 4 1479:1482 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 8 14 theme scavenging 1583:1592 arg1 capacity 1594:1601 more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity 1563:1601 more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur 1563:1608 In addition, the encapsulation retained more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur during 4 weeks of storage. 31373330 2 15 theme pH 606:607 arg1 values 609:614 pH values 606:614 pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5) 606:663 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 5 16 theme encapsulation 1106:1118 arg1 efficiencies 1120:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies 1086:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility 1086:1189 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 4 17 theme average 915:921 arg1 diameter 923:930 an average diameter 912:930 an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm 912:963 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 18 theme feeding 789:795 arg1 ratios 797:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios 756:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w) 756:835 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 6 19 theme carrier 1289:1295 arg1 materials 1297:1305 carrier materials 1289:1305 carrier materials 1289:1305 Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the encapsulated Cur interacted with carrier materials mainly through hydrophobic interactions. 31373330 7 20 theme in-vitro 1352:1359 arg1 profile 1369:1375 The in-vitro release profile 1348:1375 The in-vitro release profile 1348:1375 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 2 21 theme acidic 463:468 arg1 stability 470:478 the acidic stability 459:478 the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles 459:513 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 5 22 theme high 1101:1104 arg1 efficiencies 1120:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies 1086:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility 1086:1189 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 0 23 theme Structural 126:135 arg1 Stability 137:145 Improved Structural Stability 117:145 Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments 117:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 9 24 theme lipophilic 1743:1752 arg1 nutrients 1754:1762 lipophilic nutrients 1743:1762 lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages 1743:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 5 25 theme Cur 1136:1138 arg1 efficiencies 1120:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies 1086:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility 1086:1189 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 4 26 theme index 1009:1013 arg1 distribution 980:991 a narrow size distribution 966:991 a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) 966:1020 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 26 theme index 1009:1013 arg1 < 1015:1015 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 27 dep ratios 797:802 arg1 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 27 dep ratios 797:802 arg1 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 27 dep ratios 797:802 arg1 to 771:772 to 771:772 to 771:772 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 27 dep ratios 797:802 arg1 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 8 28 theme storage 1628:1634 arg1 weeks 1619:1623 4 weeks 1617:1623 4 weeks of storage 1617:1634 In addition, the encapsulation retained more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur during 4 weeks of storage. 31373330 1 29 theme caseinate-pectin 216:231 arg1 complexes 247:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes 216:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) 216:289 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 1 29 theme caseinate-pectin 216:231 arg1 particles 280:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 4 30 theme surface 1037:1043 arg1 charge 1045:1050 a negative surface charge 1026:1050 a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV 1026:1083 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 1 31 theme liquid-liquid 345:357 arg1 method 370:375 an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method 313:375 method 370:375 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 4 32 theme spherical 891:899 arg1 shape 901:905 a spherical shape 889:905 a spherical shape 889:905 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 8 33 dep capacity 1594:1601 arg1 radical 1575:1581 radical 1575:1581 radical 1575:1581 In addition, the encapsulation retained more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur during 4 weeks of storage. 31373330 0 34 theme Particles 51:59 arg1 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 0 34 theme Particles 51:59 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 1 35 theme electrostatic 233:245 arg1 complexes 247:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes 216:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) 216:289 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 1 35 theme electrostatic 233:245 arg1 particles 280:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 1 36 theme dispersion 359:368 arg1 method 370:375 an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method 313:375 method 370:375 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 0 37 theme Acidic 150:155 arg1 Environments 165:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 7 38 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 1416:1436 arg1 particles 1438:1446 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1416:1446 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1416:1446 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 4 39 theme 20:1 811:814 arg1 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 39 theme 20:1 811:814 arg1 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 39 theme 20:1 811:814 arg1 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 6 40 theme encapsulated 1256:1267 arg1 Cur 1269:1271 the encapsulated Cur 1252:1271 the encapsulated Cur 1252:1271 Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the encapsulated Cur interacted with carrier materials mainly through hydrophobic interactions. 31373330 2 41 theme isoelectric 625:635 arg1 point 637:641 the isoelectric point 621:641 the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5) 621:663 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 7 42 theme release 1361:1367 arg1 profile 1369:1375 The in-vitro release profile 1348:1375 The in-vitro release profile 1348:1375 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 7 43 from particles 1438:1446 arg1 release 1396:1402 a sustained release 1384:1402 a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1384:1446 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 4 44 dep 369.20 955:960 arg1 to 952:953 to 952:953 to 952:953 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 0 45 theme Composite 41:49 arg1 Particles 51:59 Zein Composite Particles 36:59 Zein Composite Particles 36:59 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 4 46 theme different 756:764 arg1 ratios 797:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios 756:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w) 756:835 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 9 47 used used 1703:1706 arg2 system 1732:1737 a potential delivery system 1711:1737 a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages 1711:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 9 47 used used 1703:1706 arg2 particles 1686:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 2 48 theme particles 505:513 arg1 stability 470:478 the acidic stability 459:478 the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles 459:513 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 4 49 theme Cur-loaded 842:851 arg1 particles 875:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 1 50 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 258:278 arg1 complexes 247:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes 216:255 caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) 216:289 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 1 50 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 258:278 arg1 particles 280:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 258:288 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 0 51 theme Zein 36:39 arg1 Particles 51:59 Zein Composite Particles 36:59 Zein Composite Particles 36:59 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 8 52 theme Cur 1606:1608 arg1 capacity 1594:1601 more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity 1563:1601 more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur 1563:1608 In addition, the encapsulation retained more ABTS•+ radical scavenging capacity of Cur during 4 weeks of storage. 31373330 0 53 theme Aqueous 157:163 arg1 Environments 165:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 2 54 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 483:503 arg1 particles 505:513 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 483:513 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 483:513 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 4 55 theme negative 1028:1035 arg1 charge 1045:1050 a negative surface charge 1026:1050 a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV 1026:1083 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 56 theme size 975:978 arg1 distribution 980:991 a narrow size distribution 966:991 a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) 966:1020 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 56 theme size 975:978 arg1 < 1015:1015 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 5 57 theme re-dispersibility 1173:1189 arg1 efficiencies 1120:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies 1086:1131 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility 1086:1189 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 9 58 theme acidic 1767:1772 arg1 beverages 1774:1782 acidic beverages 1767:1782 acidic beverages 1767:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 2 59 theme particle 545:552 arg1 aggregation 554:564 the particle aggregation 541:564 the particle aggregation 541:564 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 7 60 dep h 1494:1494 arg1 up 1485:1486 up 1485:1486 up 1485:1486 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 9 61 theme delivery 1723:1730 arg1 system 1732:1737 a potential delivery system 1711:1737 a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages 1711:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 9 61 theme delivery 1723:1730 arg1 particles 1686:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 0 62 from Stability 137:145 arg1 Environments 165:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Acidic Aqueous Environments 150:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 4 63 theme zein-caseinate-pectin 853:873 arg1 particles 875:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 64 theme Cur 784:786 arg1 ratios 797:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios 756:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w) 756:835 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 2 65 theme caseinate 646:654 arg1 point 637:641 the isoelectric point 621:641 the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5) 621:663 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 4 66 theme w/w 832:834 arg1 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 30:1 817:820 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 66 theme w/w 832:834 arg1 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 10:1 805:808 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 66 theme w/w 832:834 arg1 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 40:1 826:829 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 3 67 theme long-term 685:693 arg1 storage 695:701 desirable long-term storage stability and re-dispersibility 675:733 storage 695:701 Besides, desirable long-term storage stability and re-dispersibility were observed. 31373330 2 68 theme zein 416:419 arg1 particles 421:429 zein particles 416:429 zein particles coated only with caseinate 416:456 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 7 69 theme acidic 1451:1456 arg1 environment 1466:1476 acidic aqueous environment 1451:1476 acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h 1451:1494 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 7 69 theme acidic 1451:1456 arg1 pH 1479:1480 pH 4 1479:1482 pH 4 1479:1482 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 2 70 from values 609:614 arg1 pH 584:585 pH 3-6 584:589 pH 3-6 584:589 Compared to zein particles coated only with caseinate, the acidic stability of zein-caseinate-pectin particles was greatly improved, and the particle aggregation was suppressed at pH 3-6, especially at pH values near the isoelectric point of caseinate (pH 4-5). 31373330 6 71 theme Fluorescence 1211:1222 arg1 spectroscopy 1224:1235 Fluorescence spectroscopy 1211:1235 Fluorescence spectroscopy 1211:1235 Fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the encapsulated Cur interacted with carrier materials mainly through hydrophobic interactions. 31373330 9 72 theme potential 1713:1721 arg1 system 1732:1737 a potential delivery system 1711:1737 a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages 1711:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 9 72 theme potential 1713:1721 arg1 particles 1686:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1664:1694 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 4 73 theme zein 766:769 arg1 ratios 797:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios 756:802 different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w) 756:835 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 74 contain had 885:887 arg2 charge 1045:1050 a negative surface charge 1026:1050 a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV 1026:1083 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 74 contain had 885:887 arg2 distribution 980:991 a narrow size distribution 966:991 a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) 966:1020 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 74 contain had 885:887 arg2 shape 901:905 a spherical shape 889:905 a spherical shape 889:905 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 74 contain had 885:887 arg2 < 1015:1015 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 74 contain had 885:887 arg1 particles 875:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles 838:883 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 0 75 theme Caseinate-Pectin 71:86 arg1 Complexes 102:110 Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes 71:110 Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments 71:176 Fabrication and Characterization of Zein Composite Particles Coated by Caseinate-Pectin Electrostatic Complexes with Improved Structural Stability in Acidic Aqueous Environments. 31373330 3 76 dep storage 695:701 arg1 stability 703:711 stability 703:711 stability 703:711 Besides, desirable long-term storage stability and re-dispersibility were observed. 31373330 7 77 theme sustained 1386:1394 arg1 release 1396:1402 a sustained release 1384:1402 a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles 1384:1446 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 5 78 theme desirable 1163:1171 arg1 re-dispersibility 1173:1189 desirable re-dispersibility 1163:1189 desirable re-dispersibility 1163:1189 The relatively high encapsulation efficiencies of Cur (81.27% to 94.00%) and desirable re-dispersibility were also achieved. 31373330 9 79 from nutrients 1754:1762 arg1 beverages 1774:1782 acidic beverages 1767:1782 acidic beverages 1767:1782 These results suggest that zein-caseinate-pectin particles may be used as a potential delivery system for lipophilic nutrients in acidic beverages. 31373330 4 80 theme polydispersity 994:1007 arg1 distribution 980:991 a narrow size distribution 966:991 a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) 966:1020 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 80 theme polydispersity 994:1007 arg1 < 1015:1015 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 7 81 theme burst 1509:1513 arg1 effect 1515:1520 any burst effect 1505:1520 any burst effect 1505:1520 The in-vitro release profile showed a sustained release of Cur from zein-caseinate-pectin particles in acidic aqueous environment (pH 4) up to 24 h, without any burst effect. 31373330 3 82 theme desirable 675:683 arg1 storage 695:701 desirable long-term storage stability and re-dispersibility 675:733 storage 695:701 Besides, desirable long-term storage stability and re-dispersibility were observed. 31373330 1 83 theme Zein 179:182 arg1 particles 194:202 Zein composite particles 179:202 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) 179:289 Zein composite particles coated with caseinate-pectin electrostatic complexes (zein-caseinate-pectin particles) were fabricated using an electrostatic deposition and liquid-liquid dispersion method without heating treatment. 31373330 4 84 theme narrow 968:973 arg1 distribution 980:991 a narrow size distribution 966:991 a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) 966:1020 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31373330 4 84 theme narrow 968:973 arg1 < 1015:1015 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 polydispersity index < 0.2 994:1019 Under different zein to curcumin (Cur) feeding ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1 and 40:1, w/w), the Cur-loaded zein-caseinate-pectin particles had a spherical shape with an average diameter ranging from 358.37 to 369.20 nm, a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index < 0.2) and a negative surface charge ranging from -18.87 to -19.53 mV. 31200599 10 0 from set 1759:1761 arg1 type 1806:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 5 1 dep developed 805:813 arg1 chaotropic 830:839 chaotropic 830:839 chaotropic 830:839 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 1 dep developed 805:813 arg1 surfactant 815:824 surfactant 815:824 surfactant 815:824 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 3 2 theme ECM 562:564 arg1 proteins 566:573 ECM proteins 562:573 ECM proteins 562:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 5 3 theme SCAD 899:902 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 2 4 theme human 316:320 arg1 pancreas 322:329 the human pancreas 312:329 the human pancreas 312:329 Protocols have recently been developed for the decellularization of the human pancreas to generate functional scaffolds and hydrogels. 31200599 1 5 theme cell 184:187 arg1 proliferation 189:201 β cell proliferation 182:201 β cell proliferation 182:201 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 5 6 theme protein 956:962 arg1 extraction 964:973 ECM protein extraction 952:973 ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix 952:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 7 theme preparation 734:744 arg1 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 7 theme preparation 734:744 arg1 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 7 theme preparation 734:744 arg1 methods 746:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods 705:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis 705:791 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 8 theme extraction/on 867:879 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 12 9 theme cell 2027:2030 arg1 maturation 2032:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 4 10 theme sample 668:673 arg1 preparation 675:685 sample preparation 668:685 sample preparation 668:685 A novel correction factor was employed in the study to eliminate the bias introduced during sample preparation. 31200599 7 11 theme LFQ 1216:1218 arg1 approach 1221:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach 1170:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1170:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 5 12 theme digestion 888:896 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 8 13 theme postnatal 1514:1522 arg1 maturation 1531:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 5 14 theme employed 718:725 arg1 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 14 theme employed 718:725 arg1 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 14 theme employed 718:725 arg1 methods 746:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods 705:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis 705:791 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 9 15 theme distinct 1555:1562 arg1 profiles 1564:1571 the distinct profiles 1551:1571 the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas 1551:1621 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 1 16 theme important 111:119 arg1 component 121:129 an important component 108:129 an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion 108:241 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 1 16 theme important 111:119 arg1 matrix 92:97 Extracellular matrix 78:97 Extracellular matrix (ECM) 78:103 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 5 17 dep methods 746:752 arg1 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 17 dep methods 746:752 arg1 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 17 dep methods 746:752 arg1 methods 746:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods 705:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis 705:791 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 8 18 theme cell 1526:1529 arg1 maturation 1531:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 10 19 theme data 1754:1757 arg1 set 1759:1761 a large data set 1746:1761 a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1746:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 10 19 theme data 1754:1757 arg1 proteins 1776:1783 matrisome proteins 1766:1783 matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1766:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 8 20 theme distinct 1358:1365 arg1 expression 1367:1376 The distinct expression 1354:1376 The distinct expression of ECM proteins 1354:1392 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 5 21 theme proteomic 774:782 arg1 analysis 784:791 proteomic analysis 774:791 proteomic analysis 774:791 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 0 22 from Quantification 9:22 arg1 Pancreas 68:75 Human Pancreas 62:75 Human Pancreas 62:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 7 23 theme categories 1278:1287 arg1 expressions 1253:1263 similar expressions 1245:1263 similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1245:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 1 24 theme microenvironment 149:164 arg1 component 121:129 an important component 108:129 an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion 108:241 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 1 24 theme microenvironment 149:164 arg1 matrix 92:97 Extracellular matrix 78:97 Extracellular matrix (ECM) 78:103 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 8 25 theme proteins 1385:1392 arg1 expression 1367:1376 The distinct expression 1354:1376 The distinct expression of ECM proteins 1354:1392 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 5 26 theme matrix 999:1004 arg1 extraction 964:973 ECM protein extraction 952:973 ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix 952:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 6 27 theme quantitative 1011:1022 arg1 results 1034:1040 The quantitative proteomic results 1007:1040 The quantitative proteomic results 1007:1040 The quantitative proteomic results revealed the preservation of matrisome proteins while most of the cellular proteins were removed. 31200599 10 28 theme large 1748:1752 arg1 set 1759:1761 a large data set 1746:1761 a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1746:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 10 28 theme large 1748:1752 arg1 proteins 1776:1783 matrisome proteins 1766:1783 matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1766:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 7 29 theme similar 1245:1251 arg1 expressions 1253:1263 similar expressions 1245:1263 similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1245:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 0 30 theme Matrix 41:46 arg1 Proteins 48:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins 27:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas 27:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 1 31 theme Extracellular 78:90 arg1 component 121:129 an important component 108:129 an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion 108:241 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 1 31 theme Extracellular 78:90 arg1 ECM 100:102 ECM 100:102 ECM 100:102 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 1 31 theme Extracellular 78:90 arg1 matrix 92:97 Extracellular matrix 78:97 Extracellular matrix (ECM) 78:103 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 8 32 theme adult 1419:1423 arg1 ECM 1444:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 8 33 theme fetal 1429:1433 arg1 ECM 1444:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 3 34 theme isobaric 484:491 arg1 labeling 522:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling 484:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins 484:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 5 35 theme assisted 847:854 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 10 36 theme tissue 1799:1804 arg1 type 1806:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 5 37 theme pancreatic 984:993 arg1 matrix 999:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 3 38 theme pancreatic 416:425 arg1 composition 431:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 4 39 theme correction 584:593 arg1 factor 595:600 A novel correction factor 576:600 A novel correction factor 576:600 A novel correction factor was employed in the study to eliminate the bias introduced during sample preparation. 31200599 0 40 theme Extracellular 27:39 arg1 Proteins 48:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins 27:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas 27:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 9 41 theme proteins 1654:1661 arg1 distribution 1628:1639 the distribution 1624:1639 the distribution of matrisome proteins 1624:1661 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 6 42 theme proteins 1081:1088 arg1 preservation 1055:1066 the preservation 1051:1066 the preservation of matrisome proteins 1051:1088 The quantitative proteomic results revealed the preservation of matrisome proteins while most of the cellular proteins were removed. 31200599 7 43 theme proteins 1292:1299 arg1 categories 1278:1287 different categories 1268:1287 different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1268:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 3 44 theme DiLeu 515:519 arg1 labeling 522:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling 484:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins 484:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 0 45 theme Proteins 48:55 arg1 Quantification 9:22 Quantification 9:22 Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas 9:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 9 46 theme similar 1673:1679 arg1 trends 1681:1686 similar trends 1673:1686 similar trends 1673:1686 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 3 47 theme leucine 506:512 arg1 labeling 522:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling 484:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins 484:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 7 48 gly glycoproteins 1317:1329 arg1 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 7 48 gly glycoproteins 1317:1329 arg1 glycoproteins 1317:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 0 49 dep Quantification 9:22 arg1 Depth 3:7 Depth 3:7 Depth 3:7 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 3 50 theme relative 535:542 arg1 quantification 544:557 relative quantification 535:557 relative quantification of ECM proteins 535:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 5 51 theme developed 805:813 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 9 52 theme decellularization 1698:1714 arg1 process 1716:1722 the decellularization process 1694:1722 the decellularization process 1694:1722 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 7 53 theme ECM 1313:1315 arg1 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 7 53 theme ECM 1313:1315 arg1 glycoproteins 1317:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 3 54 theme proteins 566:573 arg1 quantification 544:557 relative quantification 535:557 relative quantification of ECM proteins 535:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 9 55 from profiles 1564:1571 arg1 pancreas 1614:1621 the native pancreas 1603:1621 the native pancreas 1603:1621 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 9 56 theme different 1576:1584 arg1 subcategories 1586:1598 different subcategories 1576:1598 different subcategories 1576:1598 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 10 57 theme proteins 1776:1783 arg1 set 1759:1761 a large data set 1746:1761 a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1746:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 10 57 theme proteins 1776:1783 arg1 proteins 1776:1783 matrisome proteins 1766:1783 matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1766:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 7 58 theme label-free 1189:1198 arg1 approach 1221:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach 1170:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1170:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 2 59 theme pancreas 322:329 arg1 decellularization 291:307 the decellularization 287:307 the decellularization of the human pancreas to generate functional scaffolds and hydrogels 287:376 Protocols have recently been developed for the decellularization of the human pancreas to generate functional scaffolds and hydrogels. 31200599 1 60 theme β 182:182 arg1 proliferation 189:201 β cell proliferation 182:201 β cell proliferation 182:201 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 5 61 theme sample 727:732 arg1 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 FASP 764:767 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 61 theme sample 727:732 arg1 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 urea 755:758 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 61 theme sample 727:732 arg1 methods 746:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods 705:752 the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis 705:791 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 62 theme sequential 856:865 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 8 63 theme matrix 1491:1496 arg1 composition 1498:1508 matrix composition 1491:1508 matrix composition 1491:1508 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 5 64 theme improved 930:937 arg1 strategy 939:946 an improved strategy 927:946 an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix 927:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 9 65 theme subcategories 1586:1598 arg1 profiles 1564:1571 the distinct profiles 1551:1571 the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas 1551:1621 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 10 66 theme matrisome 1766:1774 arg1 proteins 1776:1783 matrisome proteins 1766:1783 matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1766:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 5 67 theme pellet 881:886 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 12 68 theme β 2025:2025 arg1 maturation 2032:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 0 69 from Pancreas 68:75 arg1 Quantification 9:22 Quantification 9:22 Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas 9:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 0 69 from Pancreas 68:75 arg1 Proteins 48:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins 27:55 Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas 27:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 8 70 theme β 1524:1524 arg1 maturation 1531:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 postnatal β cell maturation 1514:1540 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 11 71 theme bioengineered 1892:1904 arg1 pancreas 1906:1913 a bioengineered pancreas 1890:1913 a bioengineered pancreas 1890:1913 These results provide valuable insight into the possibilities of constructing a bioengineered pancreas. 31200599 5 72 theme ECM 952:954 arg1 extraction 964:973 ECM protein extraction 952:973 ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix 952:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 10 73 from type 1806:1809 arg1 set 1759:1761 a large data set 1746:1761 a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1746:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 10 73 from type 1806:1809 arg1 proteins 1776:1783 matrisome proteins 1766:1783 matrisome proteins from a single tissue type 1766:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 31200599 6 74 theme matrisome 1071:1079 arg1 proteins 1081:1088 matrisome proteins 1071:1088 matrisome proteins 1071:1088 The quantitative proteomic results revealed the preservation of matrisome proteins while most of the cellular proteins were removed. 31200599 7 75 theme different 1268:1276 arg1 categories 1278:1287 different categories 1268:1287 different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1268:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 1 76 theme pancreatic 138:147 arg1 microenvironment 149:164 the pancreatic microenvironment 134:164 the pancreatic microenvironment 134:164 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 12 77 theme better 1939:1944 arg1 understanding 1946:1958 better understanding 1939:1958 better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation 1939:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 12 78 theme postnatal 2015:2023 arg1 maturation 2032:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 postnatal β cell maturation 2015:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 5 79 theme ECM 995:997 arg1 matrix 999:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 6 80 theme proteomic 1024:1032 arg1 results 1034:1040 The quantitative proteomic results 1007:1040 The quantitative proteomic results 1007:1040 The quantitative proteomic results revealed the preservation of matrisome proteins while most of the cellular proteins were removed. 31200599 8 81 theme ECM 1381:1383 arg1 proteins 1385:1392 ECM proteins 1381:1392 ECM proteins 1381:1392 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 11 82 theme valuable 1834:1841 arg1 insight 1843:1849 valuable insight 1834:1849 valuable insight into the possibilities of constructing a bioengineered pancreas 1834:1913 These results provide valuable insight into the possibilities of constructing a bioengineered pancreas. 31200599 12 83 theme roles 1977:1981 arg1 understanding 1946:1958 better understanding 1939:1958 better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation 1939:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 9 84 theme native 1607:1612 arg1 pancreas 1614:1621 the native pancreas 1603:1621 the native pancreas 1603:1621 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 12 85 theme matrisome 1988:1996 arg1 proteins 1998:2005 matrisome proteins 1988:2005 matrisome proteins 1988:2005 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 6 86 theme cellular 1108:1115 arg1 proteins 1117:1124 the cellular proteins 1104:1124 the cellular proteins 1104:1124 The quantitative proteomic results revealed the preservation of matrisome proteins while most of the cellular proteins were removed. 31200599 4 87 theme novel 578:582 arg1 factor 595:600 A novel correction factor 576:600 A novel correction factor 576:600 A novel correction factor was employed in the study to eliminate the bias introduced during sample preparation. 31200599 5 88 theme agent 841:845 arg1 protocol 905:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol 794:912 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 5 89 theme human 978:982 arg1 matrix 999:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 human pancreatic ECM matrix 978:1004 In comparison to the commonly employed sample preparation methods (urea and FASP) for proteomic analysis, a recently developed surfactant and chaotropic agent assisted sequential extraction/on pellet digestion (SCAD) protocol has provided an improved strategy for ECM protein extraction of human pancreatic ECM matrix. 31200599 3 90 theme dimethylated 493:504 arg1 labeling 522:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling 484:529 isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins 484:573 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 7 91 theme quantification 1200:1213 arg1 approach 1221:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach 1170:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1170:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 9 92 theme matrisome 1644:1652 arg1 proteins 1654:1661 matrisome proteins 1644:1661 matrisome proteins 1644:1661 Despite the distinct profiles of different subcategories in the native pancreas, the distribution of matrisome proteins exhibited similar trends after the decellularization process. 31200599 3 93 theme ECM 427:429 arg1 composition 431:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 7 94 dep proteins 1292:1299 arg1 etc 1347:1349 etc 1347:1349 etc 1347:1349 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 7 94 dep proteins 1292:1299 arg1 proteoglycans 1332:1344 proteoglycans 1332:1344 proteoglycans 1332:1344 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 7 94 dep proteins 1292:1299 arg1 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 collagens 1302:1310 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 7 94 dep proteins 1292:1299 arg1 glycoproteins 1317:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 ECM glycoproteins 1313:1329 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 8 95 theme pancreas 1435:1442 arg1 ECM 1444:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 adult and fetal pancreas ECM 1419:1446 The distinct expression of ECM proteins was quantified comparing adult and fetal pancreas ECM, shedding light on the correlation between matrix composition and postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 7 96 theme well-established 1172:1187 arg1 approach 1221:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach 1170:1228 a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.) 1170:1351 This method was compared with a well-established label-free quantification (LFQ) approach which rendered similar expressions of different categories of proteins (collagens, ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans, etc.). 31200599 0 97 theme Human 62:66 arg1 Pancreas 68:75 Human Pancreas 62:75 Human Pancreas 62:75 In Depth Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Proteins from Human Pancreas. 31200599 3 98 theme human 410:414 arg1 composition 431:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 human pancreatic ECM composition 410:441 In this work, we characterized human pancreatic ECM composition before and after decellularization using isobaric dimethylated leucine (DiLeu) labeling for relative quantification of ECM proteins. 31200599 12 99 theme potential 1967:1975 arg1 roles 1977:1981 the potential roles 1963:1981 the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation 1963:2041 It may also facilitate better understanding of the potential roles that matrisome proteins play in postnatal β cell maturation. 31200599 2 100 theme functional 343:352 arg1 scaffolds 354:362 functional scaffolds 343:362 functional scaffolds 343:362 Protocols have recently been developed for the decellularization of the human pancreas to generate functional scaffolds and hydrogels. 31200599 1 101 theme insulin 225:231 arg1 secretion 233:241 insulin secretion 225:241 insulin secretion 225:241 Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the pancreatic microenvironment which regulates β cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin secretion. 31200599 10 102 theme single 1792:1797 arg1 type 1806:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 a single tissue type 1790:1809 Our method generated a large data set of matrisome proteins from a single tissue type. 29540724 2 0 theme in 448:449 arg1 study 470:474 an in vitro cytotoxicity study 445:474 an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 445:547 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 1 1 theme ingested 324:331 arg1 Cs+ 346:348 Cs+ 346:348 Cs+ 346:348 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 1 1 theme ingested 324:331 arg1 ions 340:343 ingested cesium ions 324:343 ingested cesium ions (Cs+) 324:349 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 7 2 theme excellent 1089:1097 arg1 stability 1099:1107 excellent stability 1089:1107 excellent stability 1089:1107 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 4 3 theme decorporation 668:680 arg1 agent 682:686 the decorporation agent 664:686 the decorporation agent 664:686 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 6 4 theme Cs+ 974:976 arg1 efficiency 986:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency 964:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43% 964:1005 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 1 5 from tract 382:386 arg1 removal 313:319 the selective removal 299:319 the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 299:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 1 6 theme cesium 333:338 arg1 Cs+ 346:348 Cs+ 346:348 Cs+ 346:348 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 1 6 theme cesium 333:338 arg1 ions 340:343 ingested cesium ions 324:343 ingested cesium ions (Cs+) 324:349 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 7 7 from decorporation 1206:1218 arg1 tract 1239:1243 the GI tract 1232:1243 the GI tract 1232:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 6 8 theme maximum 966:972 arg1 efficiency 986:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency 964:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43% 964:1005 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 0 9 theme cesium 91:96 arg1 removal 71:77 removal 71:77 removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract 71:128 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 1 10 theme ions 340:343 arg1 removal 313:319 the selective removal 299:319 the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 299:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 7 11 theme administered 1180:1191 arg1 drug 1193:1196 an orally administered drug 1170:1196 an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract 1170:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 0 12 theme ingested 82:89 arg1 cesium 91:96 ingested cesium 82:96 ingested cesium 82:96 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 6 13 theme PB-CA 909:913 arg1 composite 915:923 The PB-CA composite 905:923 The PB-CA composite 905:923 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 6 14 theme removal 978:984 arg1 efficiency 986:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency 964:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43% 964:1005 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 7 15 theme Cs+ 1223:1225 arg1 decorporation 1206:1218 the decorporation 1202:1218 the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract 1202:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 2 16 theme Caco-2 514:519 arg1 cells 543:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 5 17 theme Cs+ 816:818 arg1 capacity 831:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity 806:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics 806:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 6 18 theme % 1005:1005 arg1 efficiency 986:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency 964:995 a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43% 964:1005 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 2 19 theme PB-CA 407:411 arg1 composite 413:421 the PB-CA composite 403:421 the PB-CA composite 403:421 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 5 20 theme adsorption 820:829 arg1 capacity 831:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity 806:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics 806:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 0 21 theme 3D 7:8 arg1 Prussian 10:17 Porous 3D Prussian 0:17 Porous 3D Prussian 0:17 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 6 22 theme excellent 932:940 arg1 stability 942:950 excellent stability 932:950 excellent stability 932:950 The PB-CA composite showed excellent stability in SIF with a maximum Cs+ removal efficiency of 99.43%. 29540724 7 23 theme remarkable 1049:1058 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 4 24 theme simulated 710:718 arg1 SIF 738:740 SIF 738:740 SIF 738:740 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 4 24 theme simulated 710:718 arg1 fluid 731:735 a simulated intestinal fluid 708:735 a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) 708:741 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 4 25 theme adsorption 618:627 arg1 study 629:633 An adsorption study 615:633 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent 615:686 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 0 26 theme Porous 0:5 arg1 Prussian 10:17 Porous 3D Prussian 0:17 Porous 3D Prussian 0:17 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 7 27 theme Cs+ 1060:1062 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 28 from tract 1239:1243 arg1 Cs+ 1223:1225 Cs+ 1223:1225 Cs+ from the GI tract 1223:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 28 from tract 1239:1243 arg1 decorporation 1206:1218 the decorporation 1202:1218 the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract 1202:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 29 theme adsorption 1064:1073 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 1 30 theme gastrointestinal 360:375 arg1 tract 382:386 the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 356:386 the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 356:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 2 31 theme intestinal 521:530 arg1 cells 543:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 1 32 theme porous 183:188 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 5 33 theme Langmuir 786:793 arg1 model 795:799 the Langmuir model 782:799 the Langmuir model 782:799 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 1 34 theme decorporation 275:287 arg1 agent 289:293 a decorporation agent 273:293 a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 273:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 1 34 theme decorporation 275:287 arg1 it 267:268 it 267:268 it 267:268 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 0 35 theme gastrointestinal 107:122 arg1 tract 124:128 the gastrointestinal tract 103:128 the gastrointestinal tract 103:128 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 4 36 theme intestinal 720:729 arg1 SIF 738:740 SIF 738:740 SIF 738:740 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 4 36 theme intestinal 720:729 arg1 fluid 731:735 a simulated intestinal fluid 708:735 a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) 708:741 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 1 37 theme three-dimensional 190:206 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 7 38 theme composite 1116:1124 arg1 efficacy 1075:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy 1049:1082 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 38 theme composite 1116:1124 arg1 profile 1040:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 38 theme composite 1116:1124 arg1 stability 1099:1107 excellent stability 1089:1107 excellent stability 1089:1107 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 5 39 theme pseudo-second-order 875:893 arg1 kinetics 895:902 pseudo-second-order kinetics 875:902 pseudo-second-order kinetics 875:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 7 40 theme safety 1022:1027 arg1 profile 1040:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 1 41 used used 262:265 arg2 we 153:154 we 153:154 we 153:154 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 1 42 theme Prussian 208:215 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 5 43 theme adsorption 748:757 arg1 isotherm 759:766 The adsorption isotherm 744:766 The adsorption isotherm 744:766 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 7 44 theme toxicology 1029:1038 arg1 profile 1040:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 0 45 from tract 124:128 arg1 removal 71:77 removal 71:77 removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract 71:128 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 1 46 theme blue-cellulose 217:230 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 0 47 theme decorporation 47:59 arg1 agent 61:65 a decorporation agent 45:65 a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract 45:128 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 0 47 theme decorporation 47:59 arg1 aerogel 34:40 aerogel 34:40 aerogel 34:40 Porous 3D Prussian blue/cellulose aerogel as a decorporation agent for removal of ingested cesium from the gastrointestinal tract. 29540724 2 48 theme THP-1 498:502 arg1 cells 504:508 macrophage-like THP-1 cells 482:508 macrophage-like THP-1 cells 482:508 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 2 49 dep in 448:449 arg1 vitro 451:455 vitro 451:455 vitro 451:455 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 1 50 theme GI 378:379 arg1 tract 382:386 the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 356:386 the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 356:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 2 51 theme composite 413:421 arg1 safety 393:398 The safety 389:398 The safety of the PB-CA composite 389:421 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 1 52 theme selective 303:311 arg1 removal 313:319 the selective removal 299:319 the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract 299:386 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 7 53 theme promising 1012:1020 arg1 profile 1040:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile 1008:1046 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 7 54 theme great 1143:1147 arg1 potential 1149:1157 its great potential 1139:1157 its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract 1139:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 4 55 theme agent 682:686 arg1 efficiency 650:659 the efficiency 646:659 the efficiency of the decorporation agent 646:686 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 1 56 theme aerogel 232:238 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 2 57 theme epithelial 532:541 arg1 cells 543:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 514:547 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 5 58 from capacity 831:838 arg1 SIF 857:859 SIF 857:859 SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics 857:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 7 59 theme GI 1236:1237 arg1 tract 1239:1243 the GI tract 1232:1243 the GI tract 1232:1243 The promising safety toxicology profile, remarkable Cs+ adsorption efficacy, and excellent stability of the composite demonstrated its great potential for use as an orally administered drug for the decorporation of Cs+ from the GI tract. 29540724 2 60 theme cytotoxicity 457:468 arg1 study 470:474 an in vitro cytotoxicity study 445:474 an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells 445:547 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 29540724 5 61 theme maximum 808:814 arg1 capacity 831:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity 806:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics 806:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 3 62 theme PB-CA 580:584 arg1 composite 586:594 the PB-CA composite 576:594 the PB-CA composite 576:594 The results revealed that the PB-CA composite was not cytotoxic. 29540724 3 62 theme PB-CA 580:584 arg1 cytotoxic 604:612 cytotoxic 604:612 cytotoxic 604:612 The results revealed that the PB-CA composite was not cytotoxic. 29540724 5 63 theme 13.70 mg/g 843:852 arg1 capacity 831:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity 806:838 a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics 806:902 The adsorption isotherm was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum Cs+ adsorption capacity of 13.70 mg/g in SIF that followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29540724 1 64 theme PB-CA 241:245 arg1 composite 248:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite 181:256 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 4 65 dep study 629:633 arg1 examine 638:644 examine 638:644 to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent 635:686 An adsorption study to examine the efficiency of the decorporation agent was conducted using a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). 29540724 1 66 theme present 138:144 arg1 study 146:150 the present study 134:150 the present study 134:150 In the present study, we successfully synthesized a porous three-dimensional Prussian blue-cellulose aerogel (PB-CA) composite and used it as a decorporation agent for the selective removal of ingested cesium ions (Cs+) from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 29540724 2 67 theme macrophage-like 482:496 arg1 cells 504:508 macrophage-like THP-1 cells 482:508 macrophage-like THP-1 cells 482:508 The safety of the PB-CA composite was evaluated through an in vitro cytotoxicity study using macrophage-like THP-1 cells and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. 30259323 5 0 theme atrazine 602:609 arg1 removal 575:581 the removal 571:581 the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 571:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 5 1 theme Process 499:505 arg1 efficiency 507:516 Process efficiency 499:516 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane 499:544 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 1 2 theme composite 144:152 arg1 membranes 175:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 7 3 theme optimized 835:843 arg1 conditions 845:854 the optimized conditions 831:854 the optimized conditions 831:854 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. 30259323 11 4 theme long-term 1375:1383 arg1 operations 1385:1394 long-term operations 1375:1394 long-term operations 1375:1394 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 0 5 theme atrazine 81:88 arg1 remediation 90:100 atrazine remediation 81:100 atrazine remediation by MBR process 81:115 Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. 30259323 8 6 theme membrane 923:930 arg1 fouling 932:938 membrane fouling 923:938 membrane fouling 923:938 Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. 30259323 1 7 theme ultrafiltration 154:168 arg1 membranes 175:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 2 8 used used 270:273 arg2 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. 30259323 2 8 used used 270:273 arg2 matrix 294:299 an intermediate matrix 278:299 an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating 278:336 Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. 30259323 1 9 theme new 248:250 arg1 way 252:254 a new way 246:254 a new way 246:254 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 0 10 theme MBR 105:107 arg1 process 109:115 MBR process 105:115 MBR process 105:115 Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. 30259323 6 11 theme biodegradation 732:745 arg1 efficiency 747:756 the atrazine biodegradation efficiency 719:756 the atrazine biodegradation efficiency 719:756 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 5 12 theme side-stream 614:624 arg1 MBR 647:649 MBR 647:649 MBR 647:649 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 5 12 theme side-stream 614:624 arg1 bioreactor 635:644 side-stream membrane bioreactor 614:644 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 5 13 from processes 652:660 arg1 removal 575:581 the removal 571:581 the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 571:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 9 14 theme statistical 1095:1105 arg1 analysis 1107:1114 statistical analysis 1095:1114 statistical analysis 1095:1114 The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. 30259323 5 15 theme membrane 626:633 arg1 MBR 647:649 MBR 647:649 MBR 647:649 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 5 15 theme membrane 626:633 arg1 bioreactor 635:644 side-stream membrane bioreactor 614:644 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 2 16 dep coating 330:336 arg1 GO 327:328 GO 327:328 GO 327:328 Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. 30259323 6 17 theme surface 672:678 arg1 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 6 17 theme surface 672:678 arg1 methodology 680:690 Response surface methodology 663:690 Response surface methodology (RSM) 663:696 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 11 18 dep pesticides 1352:1361 arg1 removal 1363:1369 removal 1363:1369 removal 1363:1369 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 9 19 theme pneumatic 1017:1025 arg1 backpulsing 1027:1037 pneumatic backpulsing 1017:1037 pneumatic backpulsing 1017:1037 The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. 30259323 5 20 theme removal 575:581 arg1 terms 562:566 terms 562:566 terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 562:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 8 21 theme fouling 932:938 arg1 mechanism 910:918 the mechanism 906:918 the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system 906:959 Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. 30259323 6 22 theme Response 663:670 arg1 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 6 22 theme Response 663:670 arg1 methodology 680:690 Response surface methodology 663:690 Response surface methodology (RSM) 663:696 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 11 23 theme such 1339:1342 arg1 pesticides 1352:1361 such organic pesticides 1339:1361 such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations 1339:1394 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 10 24 dep found 1158:1162 arg1 analyzed 1258:1265 analyzed 1258:1265 was thoroughly analyzed 1243:1265 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 5 25 theme UF 534:535 arg1 membrane 537:544 the prepared UF membrane 521:544 the prepared UF membrane 521:544 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 1 26 dep oxide 127:131 arg1 GO 134:135 GO 134:135 GO 134:135 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 1 27 theme UF 171:172 arg1 membranes 175:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 3 28 theme amine 359:363 arg1 groups 365:370 hydroxyl and amine groups 346:370 groups 365:370 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 7 29 theme Enhanced 759:766 arg1 removal 777:783 Enhanced atrazine removal 759:783 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% 759:792 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. 30259323 5 30 theme toxic 586:590 arg1 atrazine 602:609 toxic pesticide atrazine 586:609 toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 586:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 5 31 theme membrane 537:544 arg1 efficiency 507:516 Process efficiency 499:516 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane 499:544 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 3 32 theme film 392:395 arg1 capacity 405:412 its film forming capacity 388:412 its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO 388:432 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 7 33 theme atrazine 768:775 arg1 removal 777:783 Enhanced atrazine removal 759:783 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% 759:792 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. 30259323 5 34 theme pesticide 592:600 arg1 atrazine 602:609 toxic pesticide atrazine 586:609 toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 586:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 6 35 theme atrazine 723:730 arg1 efficiency 747:756 the atrazine biodegradation efficiency 719:756 the atrazine biodegradation efficiency 719:756 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 7 36 theme % 792:792 arg1 removal 777:783 Enhanced atrazine removal 759:783 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% 759:792 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. 30259323 3 37 theme forming 397:403 arg1 capacity 405:412 its film forming capacity 388:412 its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO 388:432 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 3 38 theme hydroxyl 346:353 arg1 groups 365:370 hydroxyl and amine groups 346:370 groups 365:370 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 2 39 theme intermediate 281:292 arg1 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan 257:264 Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. 30259323 2 39 theme intermediate 281:292 arg1 matrix 294:299 an intermediate matrix 278:299 an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating 278:336 Chitosan was used as an intermediate matrix between the substrate and GO coating. 30259323 11 40 from proficient 1316:1325 arg1 terms 1330:1334 terms 1330:1334 terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations 1330:1394 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 8 41 from mechanism 910:918 arg1 system 954:959 the UF-MBR system 943:959 the UF-MBR system 943:959 Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. 30259323 0 42 theme graphene 15:22 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of graphene 0:22 Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. 30259323 5 43 from removal 575:581 arg1 processes 652:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 7 44 theme MBR 814:816 arg1 treatment 818:826 the MBR treatment 810:826 the MBR treatment 810:826 Enhanced atrazine removal of > 95% was obtained in the MBR treatment at the optimized conditions. 30259323 9 45 from fouling 1063:1069 arg1 system 1085:1090 the UF-MBR system 1074:1090 the UF-MBR system 1074:1090 The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. 30259323 0 46 theme composite 39:47 arg1 membrane 49:56 composite membrane 39:56 composite membrane 39:56 Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. 30259323 10 47 theme Mixed 1117:1121 arg1 liquor 1123:1128 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) 1117:1152 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) 1117:1152 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 10 48 theme membrane 1207:1214 arg1 fouling 1216:1222 membrane fouling 1207:1222 membrane fouling 1207:1222 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 1 49 theme macroporous 202:212 arg1 tubes 230:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes 202:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way 202:254 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 0 50 theme ceramic 61:67 arg1 support 69:75 ceramic support 61:75 ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process 61:115 Development of graphene oxide/chitosan composite membrane on ceramic support for atrazine remediation by MBR process. 30259323 4 51 theme membrane 477:484 arg1 development 486:496 membrane development 477:496 membrane development 477:496 This led us to use them as precursors for membrane development. 30259323 5 52 theme bioreactor 635:644 arg1 processes 652:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 8 53 theme model 866:870 arg1 equations 872:880 Hermia's model equations 857:880 Hermia's model equations 857:880 Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. 30259323 1 54 theme Graphene 118:125 arg1 oxide 127:131 Graphene oxide 118:131 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 5 55 from atrazine 602:609 arg1 processes 652:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes 614:660 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 11 56 theme organic 1344:1350 arg1 pesticides 1352:1361 such organic pesticides 1339:1361 such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations 1339:1394 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 10 57 dep liquor 1123:1128 arg1 solids 1140:1145 suspended solids 1130:1145 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) 1117:1152 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 10 57 dep liquor 1123:1128 arg1 MLSS 1148:1151 MLSS 1148:1151 MLSS 1148:1151 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 3 58 contain has 342:344 arg2 groups 365:370 hydroxyl and amine groups 346:370 groups 365:370 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 3 58 contain has 342:344 arg1 It 339:340 It 339:340 It 339:340 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 1 59 theme oxide 127:131 arg1 membranes 175:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 10 60 theme atrazine 1179:1186 arg1 biodegradation 1188:1201 atrazine biodegradation 1179:1201 atrazine biodegradation 1179:1201 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 3 61 with capacity 405:412 arg1 hydrophilic 419:429 hydrophilic 419:429 hydrophilic 419:429 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 8 62 theme UF-MBR 947:952 arg1 system 954:959 the UF-MBR system 943:959 the UF-MBR system 943:959 Hermia's model equations were applied to analyze the mechanism of membrane fouling in the UF-MBR system. 30259323 3 63 dep hydrophilic 419:429 arg1 GO 431:432 GO 431:432 GO 431:432 It has hydroxyl and amine groups, which enhances its film forming capacity with hydrophilic GO. 30259323 5 64 theme prepared 525:532 arg1 membrane 537:544 the prepared UF membrane 521:544 the prepared UF membrane 521:544 Process efficiency of the prepared UF membrane was assessed in terms of the removal of toxic pesticide atrazine in side-stream membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes. 30259323 9 65 theme influencing 966:976 arg1 parameters 978:987 The influencing parameters 962:987 The influencing parameters 962:987 The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. 30259323 1 66 theme ceramic 214:220 arg1 tubes 230:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes 202:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way 202:254 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 11 67 theme developed 1272:1280 arg1 process 1282:1288 The developed process 1268:1288 The developed process 1268:1288 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 11 67 theme developed 1272:1280 arg1 proficient 1316:1325 proficient 1316:1325 proficient 1316:1325 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 9 68 theme UF-MBR 1078:1083 arg1 system 1085:1090 the UF-MBR system 1074:1090 the UF-MBR system 1074:1090 The influencing parameters were studied in details and pneumatic backpulsing was applied to minimize fouling in the UF-MBR system by statistical analysis. 30259323 6 69 used used 702:705 arg2 methodology 680:690 Response surface methodology 663:690 Response surface methodology (RSM) 663:696 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 6 69 used used 702:705 arg2 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 RSM 693:695 Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the atrazine biodegradation efficiency. 30259323 1 70 theme support 222:228 arg1 tubes 230:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes 202:234 macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way 202:254 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 11 71 from terms 1330:1334 arg1 process 1282:1288 The developed process 1268:1288 The developed process 1268:1288 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 11 71 from terms 1330:1334 arg1 proficient 1316:1325 proficient 1316:1325 proficient 1316:1325 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30259323 10 72 theme suspended 1130:1138 arg1 solids 1140:1145 suspended solids 1130:1145 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) 1117:1152 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 10 72 theme suspended 1130:1138 arg1 MLSS 1148:1151 MLSS 1148:1151 MLSS 1148:1151 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was found to affect both atrazine biodegradation and membrane fouling; hence, its effect was thoroughly analyzed. 30259323 1 73 theme -based 137:142 arg1 membranes 175:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes 118:183 Graphene oxide (GO)-based composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared on macroporous ceramic support tubes following a new way. 30259323 11 74 theme pesticides 1352:1361 arg1 terms 1330:1334 terms 1330:1334 terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations 1330:1394 The developed process hence proved to be highly proficient in terms of such organic pesticides removal for long-term operations. 30236728 0 0 theme medlar 79:84 arg1 pectin 86:91 medlar pectin 79:91 medlar pectin 79:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 1 1 theme pectin 334:339 arg1 effect 299:304 effect 299:304 effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 299:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 2 theme system 250:255 arg1 approaches 257:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 6 3 theme exothermic 938:947 arg1 192 °C 956:961 192 °C 956:961 192 °C 956:961 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 6 3 theme exothermic 938:947 arg1 peaks 949:953 endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks 913:953 endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C) 913:962 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 2 4 theme methoxyl 484:491 arg1 pectin 388:393 The pectin 384:393 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) 384:454 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 2 4 theme methoxyl 484:491 arg1 pectin 493:498 high methoxyl pectin 479:498 high methoxyl pectin 479:498 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 1 5 theme medlar 346:351 arg1 L 379:379 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 5 theme medlar 346:351 arg1 fruit 353:357 medlar fruit 346:357 medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 346:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 6 from effect 299:304 arg1 L 379:379 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 6 from effect 299:304 arg1 fruit 353:357 medlar fruit 346:357 medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 346:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 3 7 theme Sugar 501:505 arg1 analysis 519:526 Sugar composition analysis 501:526 Sugar composition analysis 501:526 Sugar composition analysis showed that pectin was mainly composed of D-galacturonic acid, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucose. 30236728 0 8 theme pectin 86:91 arg1 properties 65:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties 20:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 20:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 7 9 theme Thermogravimetric 965:981 arg1 analysis 983:990 Thermogravimetric analysis 965:990 Thermogravimetric analysis 965:990 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 3 10 theme composition 507:517 arg1 analysis 519:526 Sugar composition analysis 501:526 Sugar composition analysis 501:526 Sugar composition analysis showed that pectin was mainly composed of D-galacturonic acid, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucose. 30236728 7 11 with behavior 1144:1151 arg1 storage 1158:1164 storage 1158:1164 storage (G') 1158:1169 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 11 with behavior 1144:1151 arg1 G 1167:1167 G' 1167:1168 G' 1167:1168 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 11 with behavior 1144:1151 arg1 loss 1175:1178 loss 1175:1178 loss (G″) 1175:1183 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 11 with behavior 1144:1151 arg1 G″ 1181:1182 G″ 1181:1182 G″ 1181:1182 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 0 12 theme optimum 106:112 arg1 conditions 114:123 optimum conditions 106:123 optimum conditions 106:123 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 2 13 dep conditions 418:427 arg1 pH 452:453 4.83 h and 4.2 pH 437:453 4.83 h and 4.2 pH 437:453 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 2 13 dep conditions 418:427 arg1 89 °C 430:434 89 °C 430:434 89 °C 430:434 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 7 14 theme pseudo-plastic 1129:1142 arg1 behavior 1144:1151 a pseudo-plastic behavior 1127:1151 a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus 1127:1191 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 1 15 theme Mespilus 360:367 arg1 L 379:379 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 15 theme Mespilus 360:367 arg1 fruit 353:357 medlar fruit 346:357 medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 346:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 7 16 dep storage 1158:1164 arg1 modulus 1185:1191 modulus 1185:1191 modulus 1185:1191 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 1 17 theme germanica 369:377 arg1 L 379:379 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 Mespilus germanica L. 360:380 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 17 theme germanica 369:377 arg1 fruit 353:357 medlar fruit 346:357 medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 346:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 5 18 theme X-ray 812:816 arg1 patterns 830:837 X-ray diffraction patterns 812:837 X-ray diffraction patterns 812:837 X-ray diffraction patterns revealed an amorphous structure. 30236728 4 19 theme resonance 711:719 arg1 spectra 721:727 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 694:727 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 694:727 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 6 20 theme scanning 885:892 arg1 calorimetry 894:904 Differential scanning calorimetry 872:904 Differential scanning calorimetry 872:904 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 1 21 from fruit 353:357 arg1 pectin 334:339 pectin 334:339 pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 334:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 21 from fruit 353:357 arg1 effect 299:304 effect 299:304 effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 299:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 4 22 theme backbone 802:809 arg1 presence 770:777 presence 770:777 presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone 770:809 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 4 23 theme molecular 739:747 arg1 structure 749:757 molecular structure 739:757 molecular structure 739:757 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 0 24 theme chemical 20:27 arg1 properties 65:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties 20:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 20:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 1 25 used used 273:276 arg2 approaches 257:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 1 26 theme response 186:193 arg1 methodology 203:213 response surface methodology 186:213 response surface methodology 186:213 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 5 27 theme amorphous 851:859 arg1 structure 861:869 an amorphous structure 848:869 an amorphous structure 848:869 X-ray diffraction patterns revealed an amorphous structure. 30236728 4 28 theme acid 797:800 arg1 backbone 802:809 D-galacturonic acid backbone 782:809 D-galacturonic acid backbone 782:809 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 1 29 theme surface 195:201 arg1 methodology 203:213 response surface methodology 186:213 response surface methodology 186:213 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 0 30 theme molecular 30:38 arg1 properties 65:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties 20:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 20:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 6 31 theme Differential 872:883 arg1 calorimetry 894:904 Differential scanning calorimetry 872:904 Differential scanning calorimetry 872:904 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 5 32 theme diffraction 818:828 arg1 patterns 830:837 X-ray diffraction patterns 812:837 X-ray diffraction patterns 812:837 X-ray diffraction patterns revealed an amorphous structure. 30236728 1 33 theme methodology 203:213 arg1 approaches 257:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches 186:266 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 7 34 theme dynamic 1079:1085 arg1 analyses 1093:1100 dynamic shear analyses 1079:1100 dynamic shear analyses 1079:1100 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 35 theme viscoelastic 1244:1255 arg1 structure 1257:1265 viscoelastic structure 1244:1265 viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous 1244:1305 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 2 36 theme high 479:482 arg1 pectin 388:393 The pectin 384:393 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) 384:454 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 2 36 theme high 479:482 arg1 pectin 493:498 high methoxyl pectin 479:498 high methoxyl pectin 479:498 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 6 37 theme endothermic 913:923 arg1 192 °C 956:961 192 °C 956:961 192 °C 956:961 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 6 37 theme endothermic 913:923 arg1 peaks 949:953 endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks 913:953 endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C) 913:962 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 0 38 theme thermal 41:47 arg1 properties 65:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties 20:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 20:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 1 39 theme extraction 309:318 arg1 conditions 320:329 extraction conditions 309:329 extraction conditions 309:329 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 7 40 theme shear 1087:1091 arg1 analyses 1093:1100 dynamic shear analyses 1079:1100 dynamic shear analyses 1079:1100 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 41 from increment 1209:1217 arg1 frequency 1222:1230 frequency 1222:1230 frequency 1222:1230 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 1 42 theme conditions 320:329 arg1 effect 299:304 effect 299:304 effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.) 299:381 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 7 43 theme Steady 1068:1073 arg1 regions 1021:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 4 44 dep Fourier 643:649 arg1 Transform 651:659 Transform 651:659 Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 651:681 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 4 45 theme D-galacturonic 782:795 arg1 backbone 802:809 D-galacturonic acid backbone 782:809 D-galacturonic acid backbone 782:809 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 7 46 theme 225-400 °C 1041:1050 arg1 regions 1021:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 4 47 theme magnetic 702:709 arg1 resonance 711:719 nuclear magnetic resonance 694:719 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 694:727 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 7 48 contain had 1123:1125 arg2 behavior 1144:1151 a pseudo-plastic behavior 1127:1151 a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus 1127:1191 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 48 contain had 1123:1125 arg1 pectin 1116:1121 pectin 1116:1121 pectin 1116:1121 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 6 49 dep endothermic 913:923 arg1 123 °C 926:931 123 °C 926:931 123 °C 926:931 Differential scanning calorimetry showed endothermic (123 °C) and exothermic peaks (192 °C). 30236728 0 50 theme ANFIS 158:162 arg1 models 164:169 ANFIS models 158:169 ANFIS models 158:169 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 4 51 theme nuclear 694:700 arg1 resonance 711:719 nuclear magnetic resonance 694:719 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 694:727 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 1 52 theme adaptive 219:226 arg1 system 250:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 0 53 theme properties 65:74 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 0:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 3 54 theme D-galacturonic 570:583 arg1 acid 585:588 D-galacturonic acid 570:588 D-galacturonic acid 570:588 Sugar composition analysis showed that pectin was mainly composed of D-galacturonic acid, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose and D-glucose. 30236728 7 55 theme 50-225 °C 1030:1038 arg1 regions 1021:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 4 56 theme Infrared 661:668 arg1 Spectroscopy 670:681 Infrared Spectroscopy 661:681 Infrared Spectroscopy 661:681 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, RAMAN and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed molecular structure, revealing presence of D-galacturonic acid backbone. 30236728 1 57 theme neuro-fuzzy 228:238 arg1 system 250:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30236728 0 58 theme rheological 53:63 arg1 properties 65:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties 20:74 chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin 20:91 Characterization of chemical, molecular, thermal and rheological properties of medlar pectin extracted at optimum conditions as determined by Box-Behnken and ANFIS models. 30236728 2 59 theme optimized 408:416 arg1 conditions 418:427 optimized conditions 408:427 optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) 408:454 The pectin extracted at optimized conditions (89 °C, 4.83 h and 4.2 pH) could be classified as high methoxyl pectin. 30236728 7 60 theme decomposition 1007:1019 arg1 regions 1021:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 three decomposition regions 1001:1027 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 7 61 theme elastic 1286:1292 arg1 structure 1257:1265 viscoelastic structure 1244:1265 viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous 1244:1305 Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three decomposition regions, 50-225 °C, 225-400 °C and 400-600 °C. Steady and dynamic shear analyses revealed that pectin had a pseudo-plastic behavior with storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus increasing with increment in frequency, indicating viscoelastic structure more predominantly elastic than viscous. 30236728 1 62 theme inference 240:248 arg1 system 250:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system 219:255 In this work, response surface methodology and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system approaches were used to predict and model effect of extraction conditions of pectin from medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). 30811205 1 0 theme substantial 316:326 arg1 enhancement 339:349 substantial solubility enhancement 316:349 substantial solubility enhancement 316:349 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 7 1 theme lopinavir 1167:1175 arg1 release 1156:1162 the in vitro release 1143:1162 the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings 1143:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 amount 1286:1291 amount 1286:1291 amount 1286:1291 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 phases 1361:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 phase 1301:1305 each phase 1296:1305 each phase formed 1296:1312 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 factors 1395:1401 critical factors 1386:1401 critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed 1386:1455 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 size 1330:1333 size 1330:1333 size 1330:1333 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 2 theme phases 1361:1366 arg1 location 1339:1346 location 1339:1346 location 1339:1346 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 7 3 from ASDs 1228:1231 arg1 release 1156:1162 the in vitro release 1143:1162 the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings 1143:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 0 4 theme Dispersions 91:101 arg1 Performance 50:60 Improved Dissolution Performance 29:60 Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 29:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 1 5 theme solubility 328:337 arg1 enhancement 339:349 substantial solubility enhancement 316:349 substantial solubility enhancement 316:349 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 8 6 theme drug-rich 1351:1359 arg1 phases 1361:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 6 7 theme composition 1047:1057 arg1 characterization 1021:1036 characterization 1021:1036 characterization of local composition 1021:1057 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 8 8 dep size 1330:1333 arg1 the 1326:1328 the 1326:1328 the 1326:1328 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 3 9 theme subtle 554:559 arg1 changes 577:583 subtle microstructural changes 554:583 subtle microstructural changes 554:583 Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which phase separation and subtle microstructural changes affect ASD release remain poorly understood. 30811205 4 10 theme subsequent 690:699 arg1 implication 701:711 the subsequent implication 686:711 the subsequent implication for ASD performance 686:731 Therefore, understanding the microstructure of ASDs and the subsequent implication for ASD performance are critical to design an optimally performing formulation. 30811205 1 11 theme oral 251:254 arg1 delivery 256:263 the oral delivery 247:263 the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement 247:349 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 1 12 theme Amorphous 104:112 arg1 ASDs 133:136 ASDs 133:136 ASDs 133:136 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 1 12 theme Amorphous 104:112 arg1 dispersions 120:130 Amorphous solid dispersions 104:130 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 104:137 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 6 13 theme microscopy 954:963 arg1 analysis 995:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis 941:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 13 theme microscopy 954:963 arg1 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 9 14 theme ASD 1584:1586 arg1 mechanisms 1596:1605 ASD release mechanisms 1584:1605 ASD release mechanisms 1584:1605 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 3 15 theme microstructural 561:575 arg1 changes 577:583 subtle microstructural changes 554:583 subtle microstructural changes 554:583 Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which phase separation and subtle microstructural changes affect ASD release remain poorly understood. 30811205 6 16 theme force 948:952 arg1 AFM 966:968 AFM 966:968 AFM 966:968 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 16 theme force 948:952 arg1 microscopy 954:963 Atomic force microscopy 941:963 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 7 17 theme in 1147:1148 arg1 release 1156:1162 the in vitro release 1143:1162 the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings 1143:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 9 18 theme release 1588:1594 arg1 mechanisms 1596:1605 ASD release mechanisms 1584:1605 ASD release mechanisms 1584:1605 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 2 19 theme amorphous-amorphous 385:403 arg1 separation 411:420 amorphous-amorphous phase separation 385:420 amorphous-amorphous phase separation 385:420 However, ASDs are susceptible to amorphous-amorphous phase separation, which may promote crystallization and/or alter the release performance. 30811205 6 20 theme Atomic 941:946 arg1 AFM 966:968 AFM 966:968 AFM 966:968 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 20 theme Atomic 941:946 arg1 microscopy 954:963 Atomic force microscopy 941:963 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 9 21 theme mechanisms 1596:1605 arg1 understanding 1567:1579 a broader understanding 1557:1579 a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms 1557:1605 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 7 22 dep in 1147:1148 arg1 vitro 1150:1154 vitro 1150:1154 vitro 1150:1154 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 7 23 theme drug 1237:1240 arg1 loadings 1242:1249 drug loadings 1237:1249 drug loadings 1237:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 5 24 theme comprehensive 808:820 arg1 investigations 822:835 comprehensive investigations 808:835 comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, 808:922 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 9 25 theme broader 1559:1565 arg1 understanding 1567:1579 a broader understanding 1557:1579 a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms 1557:1605 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 3 26 theme ASD 592:594 arg1 release 596:602 ASD release 592:602 ASD release 592:602 Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which phase separation and subtle microstructural changes affect ASD release remain poorly understood. 30811205 7 27 theme heterogeneous 1100:1112 arg1 domains 1114:1120 heterogeneous domains 1100:1120 heterogeneous domains 1100:1120 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 amount 1286:1291 amount 1286:1291 amount 1286:1291 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 phases 1361:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 drug-rich phases 1351:1366 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 phase 1301:1305 each phase 1296:1305 each phase formed 1296:1312 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 factors 1395:1401 critical factors 1386:1401 critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed 1386:1455 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 size 1330:1333 size 1330:1333 size 1330:1333 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 28 theme phase 1301:1305 arg1 location 1339:1346 location 1339:1346 location 1339:1346 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 5 29 theme lopinavir 868:876 arg1 ASDs 878:881 lopinavir ASDs 868:881 lopinavir ASDs 868:881 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 1 30 theme solid 114:118 arg1 ASDs 133:136 ASDs 133:136 ASDs 133:136 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 1 30 theme solid 114:118 arg1 dispersions 120:130 Amorphous solid dispersions 104:130 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 104:137 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 0 31 theme Improved 29:36 arg1 Performance 50:60 Improved Dissolution Performance 29:60 Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 29:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 5 32 theme microstructure 840:853 arg1 evolution 855:863 microstructure evolution 840:863 microstructure evolution 840:863 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 4 33 theme performing 769:778 arg1 formulation 780:790 an optimally performing formulation 756:790 an optimally performing formulation 756:790 Therefore, understanding the microstructure of ASDs and the subsequent implication for ASD performance are critical to design an optimally performing formulation. 30811205 1 34 theme soluble 275:281 arg1 drugs 283:287 poorly soluble drugs 268:287 poorly soluble drugs 268:287 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 7 35 theme HPMC 1222:1225 arg1 ASDs 1228:1231 lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs 1182:1231 lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings 1182:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 1 36 theme drugs 283:287 arg1 delivery 256:263 the oral delivery 247:263 the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement 247:349 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 7 37 theme domains 1114:1120 arg1 formation 1087:1095 The formation 1083:1095 The formation of heterogeneous domains 1083:1120 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 7 38 theme lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 1182:1219 arg1 ASDs 1228:1231 lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs 1182:1231 lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings 1182:1249 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 30811205 0 39 theme Dissolution 38:48 arg1 Performance 50:60 Improved Dissolution Performance 29:60 Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 29:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 2 40 theme release 474:480 arg1 performance 482:492 the release performance 470:492 the release performance 470:492 However, ASDs are susceptible to amorphous-amorphous phase separation, which may promote crystallization and/or alter the release performance. 30811205 9 41 theme ASD 1513:1515 arg1 microstructure 1517:1530 ASD microstructure 1513:1530 ASD microstructure 1513:1530 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 6 42 theme submicron 1066:1074 arg1 scale 1076:1080 the submicron scale 1062:1080 the submicron scale 1062:1080 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 5 43 theme solvent-based 901:913 arg1 process 915:921 a solvent-based process 899:921 a solvent-based process 899:921 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 2 44 theme phase 405:409 arg1 separation 411:420 amorphous-amorphous phase separation 385:420 amorphous-amorphous phase separation 385:420 However, ASDs are susceptible to amorphous-amorphous phase separation, which may promote crystallization and/or alter the release performance. 30811205 0 45 theme Lopinavir 65:73 arg1 Dispersions 91:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 8 46 theme critical 1386:1393 arg1 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 composition 1270:1280 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 46 theme critical 1386:1393 arg1 factors 1395:1401 critical factors 1386:1401 critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed 1386:1455 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 8 47 theme release 1431:1437 arg1 kinetics 1439:1446 the altered release kinetics 1419:1446 the altered release kinetics observed 1419:1455 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 9 48 theme microstructure 1517:1530 arg1 importance 1499:1508 importance 1499:1508 importance 1499:1508 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 9 48 theme microstructure 1517:1530 arg1 complexity 1484:1493 complexity 1484:1493 complexity 1484:1493 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 5 49 theme evolution 855:863 arg1 investigations 822:835 comprehensive investigations 808:835 comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, 808:922 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 6 50 theme thermal 987:993 arg1 analysis 995:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis 941:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 50 theme thermal 987:993 arg1 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 51 theme -based 970:975 arg1 analysis 995:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis 941:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 51 theme -based 970:975 arg1 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 8 52 theme altered 1423:1429 arg1 kinetics 1439:1446 the altered release kinetics 1419:1446 the altered release kinetics observed 1419:1455 The composition and amount of each phase formed, as well as the size and location of drug-rich phases, were found to be critical factors contributing to the altered release kinetics observed. 30811205 6 53 theme nanoscale 977:985 arg1 analysis 995:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis 941:1002 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) 941:1011 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 6 53 theme nanoscale 977:985 arg1 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 nanoTA 1005:1010 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 9 54 dep complexity 1484:1493 arg1 the 1480:1482 the 1480:1482 the 1480:1482 This study highlights the complexity and importance of ASD microstructure and should contribute to a broader understanding of ASD release mechanisms. 30811205 6 55 theme local 1041:1045 arg1 composition 1047:1057 local composition 1041:1057 local composition 1041:1057 Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale thermal analysis (nanoTA) enabled characterization of local composition at the submicron scale. 30811205 4 56 dep critical 737:744 arg1 understanding 641:653 understanding 641:653 understanding the microstructure of ASDs 641:680 Therefore, understanding the microstructure of ASDs and the subsequent implication for ASD performance are critical to design an optimally performing formulation. 30811205 4 57 theme ASD 717:719 arg1 performance 721:731 ASD performance 717:731 ASD performance 717:731 Therefore, understanding the microstructure of ASDs and the subsequent implication for ASD performance are critical to design an optimally performing formulation. 30811205 0 58 theme Solid 85:89 arg1 Dispersions 91:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 4 59 theme ASDs 677:680 arg1 microstructure 659:672 the microstructure 655:672 the microstructure of ASDs 655:680 Therefore, understanding the microstructure of ASDs and the subsequent implication for ASD performance are critical to design an optimally performing formulation. 30811205 1 60 theme formulation 222:232 arg1 strategy 234:241 a formulation strategy 220:241 a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement 220:349 Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), where the drug is dispersed in a polymer, have become increasingly prevalent as a formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs due to their potential for substantial solubility enhancement. 30811205 0 61 theme Amorphous 75:83 arg1 Dispersions 91:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions 65:101 Microstructure Formation for Improved Dissolution Performance of Lopinavir Amorphous Solid Dispersions. 30811205 5 62 from investigations 822:835 arg1 ASDs 878:881 lopinavir ASDs 868:881 lopinavir ASDs 868:881 In this study, comprehensive investigations of microstructure evolution in lopinavir ASDs, prepared using a solvent-based process, were undertaken. 30811205 3 63 theme phase 533:537 arg1 separation 539:548 phase separation 533:548 phase separation 533:548 Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which phase separation and subtle microstructural changes affect ASD release remain poorly understood. 30811205 7 64 theme w/w 1261:1263 arg1 % 1259:1259 33% w/w 1257:1263 33% w/w 1257:1263 The formation of heterogeneous domains was found to improve the in vitro release of lopinavir from lopinavir-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ASDs for drug loadings above 33% w/w. 31765782 7 0 theme clinical 1559:1566 arg1 requirements 1568:1579 clinical requirements 1559:1579 clinical requirements 1559:1579 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 5 1 theme beneficial 892:901 arg1 nanosize 822:829 nanosize 822:829 nanosize 822:829 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 5 1 theme beneficial 892:901 arg1 attributes 903:912 beneficial attributes 892:912 beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity 892:979 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 4 2 theme polymers 708:715 arg1 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 3 3 theme novel 336:340 arg1 nanovesicle 374:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 6 4 theme free 1094:1097 arg1 DLM 1099:1101 free DLM 1094:1101 free DLM 1094:1101 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 5 theme gastrointestinal 1283:1298 arg1 absorption 1300:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 1 6 theme good 196:199 arg1 safety 201:206 good safety 196:206 good safety 196:206 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 4 7 theme high-molecular-weight 686:706 arg1 polymers 708:715 high-molecular-weight polymers 686:715 high-molecular-weight polymers 686:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 0 8 theme phenolic 128:135 arg1 drugs 137:141 natural phenolic drugs 120:141 natural phenolic drugs 120:141 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 6 9 dep in 1187:1188 arg1 vivo 1199:1202 vivo 1199:1202 vivo 1199:1202 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 10 theme cancer 1365:1370 arg1 efficiency 1372:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 0 11 theme natural 120:126 arg1 drugs 137:141 natural phenolic drugs 120:141 natural phenolic drugs 120:141 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 5 12 theme negative/positive 832:848 arg1 charges 850:856 negative/positive charges 832:856 negative/positive charges 832:856 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 4 13 theme Alkali 497:502 arg1 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 13 theme Alkali 497:502 arg1 nanovesicles 519:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 497:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 497:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 14 theme supramolecular 551:564 arg1 DLM 585:587 DLM 585:587 DLM 585:587 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 14 theme supramolecular 551:564 arg1 diferuloylmethane 566:582 supramolecular diferuloylmethane 551:582 supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 551:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 7 15 theme alkali 1394:1399 arg1 nanovesicles 1416:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 1384:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology 1384:1476 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 1 16 contain have 191:194 arg1 drugs 185:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 1 16 contain have 191:194 arg2 activities 231:240 various biological activities 212:240 various biological activities 212:240 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 1 16 contain have 191:194 arg2 safety 201:206 good safety 196:206 good safety 196:206 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 5 17 theme external 744:751 arg1 environment 753:763 the external environment 740:763 the external environment 740:763 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 5 18 theme antitumor 962:970 arg1 activity 972:979 antitumor activity 962:979 antitumor activity 962:979 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 5 19 theme natural 1029:1035 arg1 excipients 1051:1060 natural biodegradable excipients 1029:1060 natural biodegradable excipients 1029:1060 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 0 20 theme drugs 137:141 arg1 activity 108:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 0 20 theme drugs 137:141 arg1 biocharacteristics 68:85 biocharacteristics 68:85 biocharacteristics 68:85 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 6 21 theme favorable 1162:1170 arg1 characteristics 1145:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 21 theme favorable 1162:1170 arg1 changes 1172:1178 favorable changes 1162:1178 favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1162:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 22 from possible 1227:1234 arg1 vitro-in 1239:1246 vitro-in 1239:1246 vitro-in 1239:1246 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 3 23 theme phenolic 471:478 arg1 drugs 490:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 6 24 theme in 1275:1276 arg1 absorption 1300:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 0 25 theme alkali 10:15 arg1 nanovesicles 47:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 7 26 theme supramolecular-/nano- 1445:1465 arg1 technology 1467:1476 supramolecular-/nano- technology 1445:1476 supramolecular-/nano- technology 1445:1476 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 6 27 theme anti-lung 1355:1363 arg1 efficiency 1372:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 1 28 theme various 212:218 arg1 activities 231:240 various biological activities 212:240 various biological activities 212:240 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 0 29 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 nanovesicles 47:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 6 30 from vitro-in 1239:1246 arg1 possible 1227:1234 possible 1227:1234 possible 1227:1234 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 31 theme elevated 1346:1353 arg1 efficiency 1372:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 5 32 theme supramolecular 862:875 arg1 structure 877:885 supramolecular structure 862:885 supramolecular structure 862:885 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 1 33 theme biological 220:229 arg1 activities 231:240 various biological activities 212:240 various biological activities 212:240 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 0 34 theme supramolecular 32:45 arg1 nanovesicles 47:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 4 35 theme supramolecules 659:672 arg1 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 5 36 theme DLM-loaded 997:1006 arg1 nanovesicles 1008:1019 supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles 982:1019 supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients 982:1060 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 0 37 theme polysaccharide 17:30 arg1 nanovesicles 47:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles 0:58 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 0 38 theme oral 147:150 arg1 administration 152:165 oral administration 147:165 oral administration 147:165 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 5 39 attach isolated 726:733 arg2 DLM 718:720 DLM 718:720 DLM 718:720 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 5 39 attach isolated 726:733 arg1 environment 753:763 the external environment 740:763 the external environment 740:763 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 5 40 theme good 1069:1072 arg1 safety 1074:1079 good safety 1069:1079 good safety 1069:1079 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 7 41 theme botanical 1535:1543 arg1 drugs 1545:1549 botanical drugs 1535:1549 botanical drugs 1535:1549 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 4 42 theme drug 677:680 arg1 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 6 43 from changes 1172:1178 arg1 bioavailability 1322:1336 increased bioavailability 1312:1336 increased bioavailability 1312:1336 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 43 from changes 1172:1178 arg1 efficiency 1372:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1343:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 43 from changes 1172:1178 arg1 absorption 1300:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 43 from changes 1172:1178 arg1 performance 1212:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 43 from changes 1172:1178 arg1 correlation 1253:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 7 44 theme valuable 1492:1499 arg1 platform 1501:1508 a valuable platform 1490:1508 a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements 1490:1579 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 2 45 theme inadequate 277:286 arg1 bioactivity 288:298 inadequate bioactivity 277:298 inadequate bioactivity 277:298 However, poor bioavailability and inadequate bioactivity severely limit their application. 31765782 6 46 theme vivo 1248:1251 arg1 correlation 1253:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 47 theme possible 1227:1234 arg1 correlation 1253:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation 1225:1263 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 48 theme enhanced 1266:1273 arg1 absorption 1300:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption 1266:1309 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 4 49 theme polysaccharide 627:640 arg1 nanovesicles 642:653 alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 620:653 alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 620:653 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 6 50 theme in 1187:1188 arg1 performance 1212:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 51 dep in 1275:1276 arg1 situ 1278:1281 situ 1278:1281 situ 1278:1281 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 3 52 theme nano- 421:425 arg1 technologies 427:438 supramolecule- and nano- technologies 402:438 supramolecule- and nano- technologies 402:438 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 3 53 theme antitumor 480:488 arg1 drugs 490:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 4 54 theme alkali 620:625 arg1 nanovesicles 642:653 alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 620:653 alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 620:653 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 3 55 theme polysaccharide 359:372 arg1 nanovesicle 374:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 0 56 theme anti-lung 91:99 arg1 activity 108:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 5 57 dep natural 1029:1035 arg1 biodegradable 1037:1049 biodegradable 1037:1049 biodegradable 1037:1049 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 6 58 theme physicochemical 1129:1143 arg1 characteristics 1145:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 58 theme physicochemical 1129:1143 arg1 changes 1172:1178 favorable changes 1162:1178 favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1162:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 7 59 theme polysaccharide 1401:1414 arg1 nanovesicles 1416:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 1384:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology 1384:1476 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 2 60 theme poor 252:255 arg1 bioavailability 257:271 poor bioavailability 252:271 poor bioavailability 252:271 However, poor bioavailability and inadequate bioactivity severely limit their application. 31765782 7 61 theme oral 1518:1521 arg1 delivery 1523:1530 the oral delivery 1514:1530 the oral delivery of botanical drugs 1514:1549 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 4 62 contain had 590:592 arg1 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 62 contain had 590:592 arg2 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 62 contain had 590:592 arg1 nanovesicles 519:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 497:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 497:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 63 theme nanovesicles 642:653 arg1 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 3 64 theme composite 342:350 arg1 nanovesicle 374:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 4 65 theme polysaccharide 504:517 arg1 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 65 theme polysaccharide 504:517 arg1 nanovesicles 519:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 497:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 497:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 6 66 theme increased 1312:1320 arg1 bioavailability 1322:1336 increased bioavailability 1312:1336 increased bioavailability 1312:1336 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 3 67 theme alkali 352:357 arg1 nanovesicle 374:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle 334:384 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 1 68 theme Natural 168:174 arg1 drugs 185:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 0 69 theme cancer 101:106 arg1 activity 108:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 anti-lung cancer activity 91:115 Composite alkali polysaccharide supramolecular nanovesicles improve biocharacteristics and anti-lung cancer activity of natural phenolic drugs via oral administration. 31765782 4 70 contain containing 540:549 arg2 diferuloylmethane 566:582 supramolecular diferuloylmethane 551:582 supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 551:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 70 contain containing 540:549 arg1 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 ASDLM 533:537 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 70 contain containing 540:549 arg1 nanovesicles 519:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 497:530 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) 497:588 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 4 70 contain containing 540:549 arg2 DLM 585:587 DLM 585:587 DLM 585:587 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 7 71 theme drugs 1545:1549 arg1 delivery 1523:1530 the oral delivery 1514:1530 the oral delivery of botanical drugs 1514:1549 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 1 72 theme phenolic 176:183 arg1 drugs 185:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs 168:189 Natural phenolic drugs have good safety and various biological activities. 31765782 6 73 theme kinetic 1204:1210 arg1 performance 1212:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance 1183:1222 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 3 74 theme supramolecule- 402:415 arg1 technologies 427:438 supramolecule- and nano- technologies 402:438 supramolecule- and nano- technologies 402:438 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 4 75 theme additional 598:607 arg1 effects 609:615 the additional effects 594:615 the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers 594:715 Alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles (ASDLM) containing supramolecular diferuloylmethane (DLM) had the additional effects of alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles and supramolecules of drug and high-molecular-weight polymers. 31765782 5 76 theme supramolecular 982:995 arg1 nanovesicles 1008:1019 supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles 982:1019 supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients 982:1060 DLM was isolated from the external environment when double loaded by cyclodextrin and nanovesicles; The nanosize, negative/positive charges and supramolecular structure were beneficial attributes that helped to increase the bioavailability and antitumor activity; supramolecular DLM-loaded nanovesicles made of natural biodegradable excipients showed good safety. 31765782 3 77 theme natural 463:469 arg1 drugs 490:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 natural phenolic antitumor drugs 463:494 A novel composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicle was formed with supramolecule- and nano- technologies to efficiently deliver natural phenolic antitumor drugs. 31765782 7 78 theme Composite 1384:1392 arg1 nanovesicles 1416:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles 1384:1427 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology 1384:1476 Composite alkali polysaccharide nanovesicles conjugated with supramolecular-/nano- technology may provide a valuable platform for the oral delivery of botanical drugs to meet clinical requirements. 31765782 6 79 theme superior 1120:1127 arg1 characteristics 1145:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 superior physicochemical characteristics 1120:1159 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31765782 6 79 theme superior 1120:1127 arg1 changes 1172:1178 favorable changes 1162:1178 favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency 1162:1381 Compared to free DLM, ASDLM exhibited superior physicochemical characteristics, favorable changes in the in vitro/in vivo kinetic performance, a possible in vitro-in vivo correlation, enhanced in situ gastrointestinal absorption, increased bioavailability, and an elevated anti-lung cancer efficiency. 31790742 0 0 theme functional 100:109 arg1 nanofibers 118:127 functional chitin nanofibers 100:127 functional chitin nanofibers 100:127 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 6 1 theme derivative 1462:1471 arg1 presence 1441:1448 the presence 1437:1448 the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group 1437:1500 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 2 2 theme hollow 679:684 arg1 structures 686:695 hollow structures 679:695 hollow structures 679:695 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 6 3 theme Pickering 1374:1382 arg1 system 1408:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 1 4 theme fluorescent 186:196 arg1 particles 205:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 3 5 theme composite 923:931 arg1 particles 933:941 the composite particles 919:941 the composite particles 919:941 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 2 6 theme methacryl 535:543 arg1 functionalization 588:604 second functionalization 581:604 second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures 581:695 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 6 theme methacryl 535:543 arg1 groups 545:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 1 7 theme inner 390:394 arg1 polystyrene 396:406 inner polystyrene 390:406 inner polystyrene 390:406 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 5 8 theme hollow 1138:1143 arg1 particles 1145:1153 the hollow particles 1134:1153 the hollow particles 1134:1153 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 1 9 theme hollow 198:203 arg1 particles 205:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 5 10 theme resulting 1284:1292 arg1 particles 1313:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 2 11 theme second 581:586 arg1 functionalization 588:604 second functionalization 581:604 second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures 581:695 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 11 theme second 581:586 arg1 groups 545:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 12 from dispersibility 486:499 arg1 ammonia 512:518 aqueous ammonia 504:518 aqueous ammonia 504:518 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 6 13 theme pyrene 1556:1561 arg1 moieties 1563:1570 pyrene moieties 1556:1570 pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene 1556:1602 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 5 14 theme fluorescent 1294:1304 arg1 particles 1313:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 0 15 theme chitin 111:116 arg1 nanofibers 118:127 functional chitin nanofibers 100:127 functional chitin nanofibers 100:127 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 3 16 theme radical 815:821 arg1 initiator 898:906 an initiator to produce the composite particles 895:941 an initiator to produce the composite particles 895:941 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 3 16 theme radical 815:821 arg1 polymerization 823:836 radical polymerization 815:836 radical polymerization 815:836 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 6 17 contain having 1473:1478 arg1 derivative 1462:1471 a pyrene derivative 1453:1471 a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group 1453:1500 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 6 17 contain having 1473:1478 arg2 group 1496:1500 a polymerizable group 1480:1500 a polymerizable group 1480:1500 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 5 18 theme hollow 1306:1311 arg1 particles 1313:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 the resulting fluorescent hollow particles 1280:1321 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 6 19 with particles 1541:1549 arg1 moieties 1563:1570 pyrene moieties 1556:1570 pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene 1556:1602 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 1 20 theme particles 205:213 arg1 preparation 158:168 the preparation 154:168 the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 154:213 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 6 21 theme polymerizable 1482:1494 arg1 group 1496:1500 a polymerizable group 1480:1500 a polymerizable group 1480:1500 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 5 22 theme polystyrene 1200:1210 arg1 present 1212:1218 polystyrene present 1200:1218 polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water 1200:1362 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 0 23 theme particles 47:55 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 0:128 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 5 24 with treatment 1267:1275 arg1 surfactant 1328:1337 surfactant 1328:1337 surfactant 1328:1337 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 24 with treatment 1267:1275 arg1 alcohol 1346:1352 oleyl alcohol 1340:1352 oleyl alcohol 1340:1352 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 25 from present 1212:1218 arg1 walls 1233:1237 the inner walls 1223:1237 the inner walls 1223:1237 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 26 theme particles 1313:1321 arg1 treatment 1267:1275 treatment 1267:1275 treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water 1267:1362 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 6 27 theme pyrene 1455:1460 arg1 derivative 1462:1471 a pyrene derivative 1453:1471 a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group 1453:1500 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 1 28 theme Pickering 218:226 arg1 polymerization 237:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization 218:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer 218:320 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 5 29 theme inner 1227:1231 arg1 walls 1233:1237 the inner walls 1223:1237 the inner walls 1223:1237 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 2 30 theme structures 686:695 arg1 stabilization 662:674 stabilization 662:674 stabilization of hollow structures 662:695 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 1 31 theme emulsion 228:235 arg1 polymerization 237:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization 218:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer 218:320 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 0 32 theme fluorescent 28:38 arg1 particles 47:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 0 33 theme chitin-based 15:26 arg1 particles 47:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 1 34 theme CNF-based 330:338 arg1 particles 350:358 CNF-based composite particles 330:358 CNF-based composite particles 330:358 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 2 35 theme polymerizable 521:533 arg1 functionalization 588:604 second functionalization 581:604 second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures 581:695 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 35 theme polymerizable 521:533 arg1 groups 545:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 polymerizable methacryl groups 521:550 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 1 36 theme composite 340:348 arg1 particles 350:358 CNF-based composite particles 330:358 CNF-based composite particles 330:358 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 2 37 theme groups 459:464 arg1 introduction 428:439 the introduction 424:439 the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs 424:473 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 6 38 theme same 1369:1372 arg1 system 1408:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 1 39 theme styrene 255:261 arg1 polymerization 237:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization 218:250 Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer 218:320 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 0 40 theme hollow 40:45 arg1 particles 47:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 15:55 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 3 41 theme potassium 871:879 arg1 persulfate 881:890 potassium persulfate 871:890 potassium persulfate 871:890 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 6 42 theme composite/hollow 1524:1539 arg1 particles 1541:1549 fluorescent composite/hollow particles 1512:1549 fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene 1512:1602 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 2 43 from introduction 428:439 arg1 ChNFs 469:473 ChNFs 469:473 ChNFs 469:473 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 44 theme maleyl 452:457 arg1 groups 459:464 anionic maleyl groups 444:464 anionic maleyl groups 444:464 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 0 45 theme Pickering 60:68 arg1 polymerization 79:92 Pickering emulsion polymerization 60:92 Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers 60:127 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 3 46 theme persulfate 881:890 arg1 presence 859:866 the presence 855:866 the presence of potassium persulfate 855:890 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 5 47 from surfactant 1328:1337 arg1 water 1358:1362 water 1358:1362 water 1358:1362 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 48 theme hydrophobic 1171:1181 arg1 interaction 1183:1193 hydrophobic interaction 1171:1193 hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water 1171:1362 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 4 49 theme hollow 948:953 arg1 particles 955:963 The hollow particles 944:963 The hollow particles 944:963 The hollow particles were then fabricated by solubilizing out inner polystyrene with toluene, which stably dispersed in water. 31790742 2 50 theme aqueous 504:510 arg1 ammonia 512:518 aqueous ammonia 504:518 aqueous ammonia 504:518 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 2 51 theme anionic 444:450 arg1 groups 459:464 anionic maleyl groups 444:464 anionic maleyl groups 444:464 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 31790742 6 52 theme polymerization 1393:1406 arg1 system 1408:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 3 53 theme emulsion 762:769 arg1 formation 722:730 the formation 718:730 the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer 718:812 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 5 54 theme particles 1145:1153 arg1 cavity 1124:1129 the cavity 1120:1129 the cavity of the hollow particles 1120:1153 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 6 55 theme emulsion 1384:1391 arg1 system 1408:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system 1365:1413 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 5 56 theme fluorescent 1090:1100 arg1 pyrene 1107:1112 pyrene 1107:1112 pyrene 1107:1112 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 56 theme fluorescent 1090:1100 arg1 dye 1102:1104 a fluorescent dye 1088:1104 a fluorescent dye 1088:1104 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 1 57 theme bifunctional 269:280 arg1 nanofibers 289:298 bifunctional chitin nanofibers 269:298 bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) 269:306 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 1 57 theme bifunctional 269:280 arg1 ChNFs 301:305 ChNFs 301:305 ChNFs 301:305 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 4 58 theme inner 1006:1010 arg1 polystyrene 1012:1022 inner polystyrene 1006:1022 inner polystyrene 1006:1022 The hollow particles were then fabricated by solubilizing out inner polystyrene with toluene, which stably dispersed in water. 31790742 3 59 theme styrene-in-water 735:750 arg1 emulsion 762:769 styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion 735:769 styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer 735:812 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 5 60 theme dye 1102:1104 arg1 Encapsulation 1071:1083 Encapsulation 1071:1083 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles 1071:1153 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 61 with interaction 1183:1193 arg1 present 1212:1218 polystyrene present 1200:1218 polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water 1200:1362 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 1 62 theme chitin 282:287 arg1 nanofibers 289:298 bifunctional chitin nanofibers 269:298 bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) 269:306 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 1 62 theme chitin 282:287 arg1 ChNFs 301:305 ChNFs 301:305 ChNFs 301:305 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 3 63 theme Pickering 752:760 arg1 emulsion 762:769 styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion 735:769 styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer 735:812 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 3 64 theme bifunctional 781:792 arg1 ChNFs 794:798 the bifunctional ChNFs 777:798 the bifunctional ChNFs 777:798 Consequently, after the formation of styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion using the bifunctional ChNFs as stabilizer, radical polymerization was conducted in the presence of potassium persulfate as an initiator to produce the composite particles. 31790742 5 65 theme oleyl 1340:1344 arg1 surfactant 1328:1337 surfactant 1328:1337 surfactant 1328:1337 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 5 65 theme oleyl 1340:1344 arg1 alcohol 1346:1352 oleyl alcohol 1340:1352 oleyl alcohol 1340:1352 Encapsulation of a fluorescent dye, pyrene, into the cavity of the hollow particles was achieved by hydrophobic interaction with polystyrene present on the inner walls, which could be released by treatment of the resulting fluorescent hollow particles with surfactant, oleyl alcohol, in water. 31790742 0 66 theme emulsion 70:77 arg1 polymerization 79:92 Pickering emulsion polymerization 60:92 Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers 60:127 Preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization using functional chitin nanofibers. 31790742 6 67 theme fluorescent 1512:1522 arg1 particles 1541:1549 fluorescent composite/hollow particles 1512:1549 fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene 1512:1602 The same Pickering emulsion polymerization system was also performed in the presence of a pyrene derivative having a polymerizable group to obtain fluorescent composite/hollow particles with pyrene moieties covalently bound to polystyrene. 31790742 1 68 theme chitin-based 173:184 arg1 particles 205:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles 173:213 This study investigated the preparation of chitin-based fluorescent hollow particles by Pickering emulsion polymerization of styrene using bifunctional chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) as stabilizer, giving CNF-based composite particles, followed by solubilizing out inner polystyrene. 31790742 2 69 with copolymerization 628:643 arg1 styrene 650:656 styrene 650:656 styrene 650:656 In addition to the introduction of anionic maleyl groups on ChNFs to improve dispersibility in aqueous ammonia, polymerizable methacryl groups were substituted on ChNFs as second functionalization to provide ability in copolymerization with styrene for stabilization of hollow structures. 30342942 1 0 theme substance 287:295 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 298:308 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 253:309 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing 253:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 2 1 theme large 481:485 arg1 areas 495:499 large surface areas 481:499 large surface areas 481:499 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 7 2 dep in 828:829 arg1 vitro 831:835 vitro 831:835 vitro 831:835 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 5 3 theme gum 691:693 arg1 HSEPCGUM 703:710 HSEPCGUM 703:710 HSEPCGUM 703:710 Then, HSEPC was functionalized by treatment with gum arabic (HSEPCGUM). 30342942 5 3 theme gum 691:693 arg1 arabic 695:700 gum arabic 691:700 gum arabic (HSEPCGUM) 691:711 Then, HSEPC was functionalized by treatment with gum arabic (HSEPCGUM). 30342942 0 4 theme composite 86:94 arg1 substance 96:104 ternary composite substance 78:104 ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 78:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 7 5 theme test 876:879 arg1 results 881:887 the cytotoxicity test results 859:887 the cytotoxicity test results 859:887 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 0 6 theme ternary 78:84 arg1 substance 96:104 ternary composite substance 78:104 ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 78:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 2 7 used used 361:364 arg2 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 2 7 used used 361:364 arg2 spheres 343:349 Hollow silica spheres 329:349 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) 329:355 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 7 8 theme wound 1004:1008 arg1 % 1033:1033 55% 1031:1033 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control 1031:1068 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 7 8 theme wound 1004:1008 arg1 closure 1010:1016 wound closure 1004:1016 wound closure 1004:1016 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 7 8 theme wound 1004:1008 arg1 100 μg/ml 990:998 100 μg/ml 990:998 100 μg/ml 990:998 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 0 9 dep substance 96:104 arg1 sphere/gum 121:130 hollow silica sphere/gum 107:130 hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue 107:152 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 0 10 theme substance 96:104 arg1 activity 66:73 wound healing activity 52:73 wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 52:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 0 10 theme substance 96:104 arg1 Investigation 0:12 Investigation 0:12 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects 0:46 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 1 11 theme wound 314:318 arg1 healing 320:326 wound healing 314:326 wound healing 314:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 2 12 theme silica 336:341 arg1 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 2 12 theme silica 336:341 arg1 spheres 343:349 Hollow silica spheres 329:349 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) 329:355 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 2 13 theme pharmaceutical 373:386 arg1 field 404:408 the pharmaceutical and biochemical field 369:408 the pharmaceutical and biochemical field 369:408 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 6 14 theme HSEPCGUM 783:790 arg1 capacity 771:778 the adsorption maximum capacity 748:778 the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) 748:797 MB was adsorbed onto HSEPCGUM and the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) was obtained 333 mg g-1. 30342942 2 15 theme Hollow 329:334 arg1 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 HSS 352:354 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 2 15 theme Hollow 329:334 arg1 spheres 343:349 Hollow silica spheres 329:349 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) 329:355 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 7 16 dep % 1033:1033 arg1 compared 1050:1057 compared 1050:1057 compared to control 1050:1068 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 0 17 theme in 21:22 arg1 effects 40:46 the in vitro cytotoxic effects 17:46 the in vitro cytotoxic effects 17:46 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 0 18 theme silica 114:119 arg1 sphere/gum 121:130 hollow silica sphere/gum 107:130 hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue 107:152 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 7 19 theme in 828:829 arg1 studies 837:843 in vitro studies 828:843 in vitro studies 828:843 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 0 20 theme hollow 107:112 arg1 sphere/gum 121:130 hollow silica sphere/gum 107:130 hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue 107:152 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 0 21 theme cytotoxic 30:38 arg1 effects 40:46 the in vitro cytotoxic effects 17:46 the in vitro cytotoxic effects 17:46 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 1 22 from HSEPCGUM-MB 298:308 arg1 healing 320:326 wound healing 314:326 wound healing 314:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 7 23 theme non-cytotoxic 950:962 arg1 concentrations 964:977 non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 950:984 non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 950:984 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 6 24 theme maximum 763:769 arg1 capacity 771:778 the adsorption maximum capacity 748:778 the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) 748:797 MB was adsorbed onto HSEPCGUM and the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) was obtained 333 mg g-1. 30342942 3 25 theme mechanochemistry 522:537 arg1 method 539:544 mechanochemistry method 522:544 mechanochemistry method 522:544 HSS was obtained by mechanochemistry method. 30342942 1 26 theme methylene 195:203 arg1 dye 232:234 a dye 230:234 a dye 230:234 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 1 26 theme methylene 195:203 arg1 adsorption 177:186 the adsorption 173:186 the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM 173:225 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 2 27 theme biochemical 392:402 arg1 field 404:408 the pharmaceutical and biochemical field 369:408 the pharmaceutical and biochemical field 369:408 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 6 28 theme adsorption 752:761 arg1 capacity 771:778 the adsorption maximum capacity 748:778 the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) 748:797 MB was adsorbed onto HSEPCGUM and the adsorption maximum capacity of HSEPCGUM (Xmax) was obtained 333 mg g-1. 30342942 7 29 theme ternary 890:896 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 7 29 theme ternary 890:896 arg1 substance 911:919 ternary biocomposite substance 890:919 ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 890:933 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 0 30 theme effects 40:46 arg1 activity 66:73 wound healing activity 52:73 wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 52:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 0 30 theme effects 40:46 arg1 Investigation 0:12 Investigation 0:12 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects 0:46 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 1 31 theme obtained 257:264 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 298:308 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 253:309 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing 253:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 0 32 theme blue 149:152 arg1 sphere/gum 121:130 hollow silica sphere/gum 107:130 hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue 107:152 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 4 33 contain carry 600:604 arg1 HSS 560:562 The obtained HSS 547:562 The obtained HSS 547:562 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 4 33 contain carry 600:604 arg2 HSEPC 634:638 HSEPC 634:638 HSEPC 634:638 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 4 33 contain carry 600:604 arg2 process 625:631 an epoxidation process 610:631 an epoxidation process (HSEPC) 610:639 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 1 34 from adsorption 177:186 arg1 HSEPCGUM 218:225 HSEPCGUM 218:225 HSEPCGUM 218:225 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 1 35 theme ternary 266:272 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 298:308 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 253:309 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing 253:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 2 36 dep toxic 426:430 arg1 biocompatible 440:452 biocompatible 440:452 biocompatible 440:452 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 0 37 dep in 21:22 arg1 vitro 24:28 vitro 24:28 vitro 24:28 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 7 38 theme biocomposite 898:909 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 HSEPCGUM-MB 922:932 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 7 38 theme biocomposite 898:909 arg1 substance 911:919 ternary biocomposite substance 890:919 ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 890:933 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30342942 1 39 theme blue 205:208 arg1 MB 211:212 MB 211:212 MB 211:212 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 1 39 theme blue 205:208 arg1 methylene 195:203 methylene blue 195:208 the methylene blue (MB) 191:213 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 2 40 theme surface 487:493 arg1 areas 495:499 large surface areas 481:499 large surface areas 481:499 Hollow silica spheres (HSS) are used in the pharmaceutical and biochemical field, because of low toxic, highly biocompatible and mechanically stable by large surface areas. 30342942 0 41 theme healing 58:64 arg1 activity 66:73 wound healing activity 52:73 wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 52:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 4 42 theme epoxidation 613:623 arg1 process 625:631 an epoxidation process 610:631 an epoxidation process (HSEPC) 610:639 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 4 42 theme epoxidation 613:623 arg1 HSEPC 634:638 HSEPC 634:638 HSEPC 634:638 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 4 43 theme obtained 551:558 arg1 HSS 560:562 The obtained HSS 547:562 The obtained HSS 547:562 The obtained HSS was treated with epichlorohydrin to carry out an epoxidation process (HSEPC). 30342942 0 44 theme wound 52:56 arg1 healing 58:64 wound healing 52:64 wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue) 52:153 Investigation of the in vitro cytotoxic effects and wound healing activity of ternary composite substance (hollow silica sphere/gum arabic/methylene blue). 30342942 1 45 theme biocomposite 274:285 arg1 HSEPCGUM-MB 298:308 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) 253:309 the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing 253:326 We aimed to test the adsorption of the methylene blue (MB) on HSEPCGUM as a dye and also to test the obtained ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) on wound healing. 30342942 5 46 with treatment 676:684 arg1 HSEPCGUM 703:710 HSEPCGUM 703:710 HSEPCGUM 703:710 Then, HSEPC was functionalized by treatment with gum arabic (HSEPCGUM). 30342942 5 46 with treatment 676:684 arg1 arabic 695:700 gum arabic 691:700 gum arabic (HSEPCGUM) 691:711 Then, HSEPC was functionalized by treatment with gum arabic (HSEPCGUM). 30342942 7 47 theme cytotoxicity 863:874 arg1 results 881:887 the cytotoxicity test results 859:887 the cytotoxicity test results 859:887 For in vitro studies, according to the cytotoxicity test results, ternary biocomposite substance (HSEPCGUM-MB) was studied at non-cytotoxic concentrations 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml and wound closure was found as 55% (100 μg/ml) as compared to control. 30177178 0 0 theme electrode 106:114 arg1 materials 116:124 new generation electrode materials 91:124 new generation electrode materials in EDLC 91:132 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 0 1 theme generation 95:104 arg1 materials 116:124 new generation electrode materials 91:124 new generation electrode materials in EDLC 91:132 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 6 2 with capacitors 1114:1123 arg1 capability 1137:1146 capability 1137:1146 capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1137:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 2 3 theme polyacrylonitrile 296:312 arg1 solution 330:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 6 4 theme charging 1162:1169 arg1 capability 1137:1146 capability 1137:1146 capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1137:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 5 theme Cyclic 1006:1011 arg1 voltammetry 1013:1023 Cyclic voltammetry 1006:1023 Cyclic voltammetry 1006:1023 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 3 6 theme activated 565:573 arg1 monolith 582:589 the activated carbon monolith 561:589 the activated carbon monolith 561:589 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 3 6 theme activated 565:573 arg1 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 3 7 theme physical 508:515 arg1 activation 517:526 physical activation 508:526 physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity 508:648 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 4 8 theme BC-PAN 722:727 arg1 monolith 729:736 the BC-PAN monolith 718:736 the BC-PAN monolith 718:736 Unique morphologies are observed for BC gel which is propagated to the BC-PAN monolith and restored in BC-PAN-AC. 30177178 6 9 theme layer 1108:1112 arg1 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 9 theme layer 1108:1112 arg1 capacitors 1114:1123 electric double layer capacitors 1092:1123 electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1092:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 5 10 theme electrical 983:992 arg1 conduction 994:1003 electrical conduction 983:1003 electrical conduction 983:1003 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 2 11 theme bacterial 391:399 arg1 monolith 448:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 2 12 theme composite 429:437 arg1 monolith 448:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 5 13 theme porous 814:819 arg1 skeleton 821:828 the porous skeleton 810:828 the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone 810:848 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 1 14 theme static 182:187 arg1 process 197:203 static culture process 182:203 static culture process 182:203 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel is synthesized by static culture process at the interface between air and medium. 30177178 0 15 theme carbon 10:15 arg1 monoliths 17:25 Activated carbon monoliths 0:25 Activated carbon monoliths 0:25 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 2 16 theme copolymer 320:328 arg1 solution 330:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 6 17 theme electric 1092:1099 arg1 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 17 theme electric 1092:1099 arg1 capacitors 1114:1123 electric double layer capacitors 1092:1123 electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1092:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 1 18 theme culture 189:195 arg1 process 197:203 static culture process 182:203 static culture process 182:203 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel is synthesized by static culture process at the interface between air and medium. 30177178 0 19 theme Activated 0:8 arg1 monoliths 17:25 Activated carbon monoliths 0:25 Activated carbon monoliths 0:25 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 3 20 from activation 517:526 arg1 presence 535:542 the presence 531:542 the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity 531:648 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 6 21 theme discharging 1175:1185 arg1 capability 1137:1146 capability 1137:1146 capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1137:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 4 22 theme BC 688:689 arg1 gel 691:693 BC gel 688:693 BC gel which is propagated to the BC-PAN monolith and restored in BC-PAN-AC 688:762 Unique morphologies are observed for BC gel which is propagated to the BC-PAN monolith and restored in BC-PAN-AC. 30177178 6 23 theme double 1101:1106 arg1 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 23 theme double 1101:1106 arg1 capacitors 1114:1123 electric double layer capacitors 1092:1123 electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1092:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 2 24 theme PAN 315:317 arg1 solution 330:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution 296:337 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 4 25 theme Unique 651:656 arg1 morphologies 658:669 Unique morphologies 651:669 Unique morphologies 651:669 Unique morphologies are observed for BC gel which is propagated to the BC-PAN monolith and restored in BC-PAN-AC. 30177178 5 26 theme PAN 837:839 arg1 backbone 841:848 the PAN backbone 833:848 the PAN backbone 833:848 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 5 27 theme boundary 960:967 arg1 impedance 969:977 the grain boundary impedance 950:977 the grain boundary impedance 950:977 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 6 28 theme electrode 1069:1077 arg1 materials 1079:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 28 theme electrode 1069:1077 arg1 carbons 1052:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 0 29 theme bacterial 40:48 arg1 cellulose/polyacrylonitrile 50:76 bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile 40:76 bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC 40:132 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 6 30 theme good 1064:1067 arg1 materials 1079:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 30 theme good 1064:1067 arg1 carbons 1052:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 3 31 theme large 608:612 arg1 area 622:625 large surface area 608:625 large surface area 608:625 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 2 32 theme BC-PAN 440:445 arg1 monolith 448:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 3 33 theme BC-PAN 462:467 arg1 monolith 469:476 The BC-PAN monolith 458:476 The BC-PAN monolith 458:476 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 3 34 theme surface 614:620 arg1 area 622:625 large surface area 608:625 large surface area 608:625 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 5 35 theme entangled 858:866 arg1 structure 868:876 the entangled structure 854:876 the entangled structure 854:876 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 1 36 theme Bacterial 135:143 arg1 BC 156:157 BC 156:157 BC 156:157 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel is synthesized by static culture process at the interface between air and medium. 30177178 1 36 theme Bacterial 135:143 arg1 cellulose 145:153 Bacterial cellulose 135:153 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel 135:162 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel is synthesized by static culture process at the interface between air and medium. 30177178 5 37 theme grain 954:958 arg1 impedance 969:977 the grain boundary impedance 950:977 the grain boundary impedance 950:977 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 1 38 theme cellulose 145:153 arg1 gel 160:162 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel 135:162 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel 135:162 Bacterial cellulose (BC) gel is synthesized by static culture process at the interface between air and medium. 30177178 3 39 theme high 631:634 arg1 microporosity 636:648 high microporosity 631:648 high microporosity 631:648 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 5 40 theme BC-PAN-AC 929:937 arg1 matrix 919:924 the matrix 915:924 the matrix of BC-PAN-AC 915:937 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 3 41 theme carbon 575:580 arg1 monolith 582:589 the activated carbon monolith 561:589 the activated carbon monolith 561:589 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 3 41 theme carbon 575:580 arg1 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 BC-PAN-AC 592:600 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 5 42 theme matrix 919:924 arg1 continuity 901:910 the continuity 897:910 the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC 897:937 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 2 43 theme BC 268:269 arg1 gel 271:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel 246:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel 246:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 3 44 theme CO2 547:549 arg1 presence 535:542 the presence 531:542 the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity 531:648 The BC-PAN monolith is carbonized at 1000 °C with physical activation in the presence of CO2 to obtain the activated carbon monolith, BC-PAN-AC, with large surface area and high microporosity. 30177178 6 45 theme high-speed 1151:1160 arg1 charging 1162:1169 high-speed charging 1151:1169 high-speed charging 1151:1169 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 46 theme activated 1042:1050 arg1 materials 1079:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 good electrode materials 1064:1087 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 46 theme activated 1042:1050 arg1 carbons 1052:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 these activated carbons 1036:1058 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 0 47 theme new 91:93 arg1 materials 116:124 new generation electrode materials 91:124 new generation electrode materials in EDLC 91:132 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 0 48 from materials 116:124 arg1 EDLC 129:132 EDLC 129:132 EDLC 129:132 Activated carbon monoliths derived from bacterial cellulose/polyacrylonitrile composite as new generation electrode materials in EDLC. 30177178 2 49 theme solvent-exchanged 250:266 arg1 gel 271:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel 246:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel 246:273 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 5 50 theme backbone 841:848 arg1 skeleton 821:828 the porous skeleton 810:828 the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone 810:848 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 2 51 theme cellulose-polyacrylonitrile 401:427 arg1 monolith 448:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith 391:455 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 5 52 theme BC 769:770 arg1 nanofibers 772:781 The BC nanofibers 765:781 The BC nanofibers 765:781 The BC nanofibers remain entwined throughout the porous skeleton of the PAN backbone and the entangled structure helps in retaining the continuity of the matrix of BC-PAN-AC and reduce the grain boundary impedance for electrical conduction. 30177178 2 53 theme subsequent 366:375 arg1 cooling 377:383 subsequent cooling 366:383 subsequent cooling 366:383 The solvent-exchanged BC gel is incorporated into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer solution under heating at 90 °C and subsequent cooling gives bacterial cellulose-polyacrylonitrile composite (BC-PAN) monolith. 30177178 6 54 from materials 1079:1087 arg1 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 EDLC 1126:1129 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 30177178 6 54 from materials 1079:1087 arg1 capacitors 1114:1123 electric double layer capacitors 1092:1123 electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging 1092:1185 Cyclic voltammetry shows that these activated carbons are good electrode materials in electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) with capability of high-speed charging and discharging. 31409684 11 0 from manipulation 2615:2626 arg1 Bacteroides 2643:2653 diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2631:2681 Bacteroides 2643:2653 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 11 0 from manipulation 2615:2626 arg1 strains 2675:2681 diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2631:2681 strains 2675:2681 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 12 1 theme strains 2852:2858 arg1 number 2816:2821 the growing number 2804:2821 the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2804:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 2 2 from order 327:331 arg1 gut 366:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 6 3 theme multiresistant 1150:1163 arg1 strains 1165:1171 multiresistant strains 1150:1171 multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1150:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 11 4 theme Parabacteroides 2659:2673 arg1 strains 2675:2681 diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2631:2681 strains 2675:2681 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 8 5 theme microbiota 1907:1916 arg1 studies 1888:1894 studies 1888:1894 studies of the gut microbiota 1888:1916 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 3 6 theme genetic 514:520 arg1 diversity 522:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 12 7 theme growing 2808:2814 arg1 number 2816:2821 the growing number 2804:2821 the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2804:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 6 8 theme replacements 1134:1145 arg1 creation 1100:1107 the creation 1096:1107 the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1096:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 7 9 theme Toxin 1450:1454 arg1 production 1456:1465 Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production 1429:1465 Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production 1429:1465 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 10 10 theme genetic 2358:2364 arg1 analysis 2366:2373 the genetic analysis 2354:2373 the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains 2354:2406 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 6 11 theme deletions 1120:1128 arg1 creation 1100:1107 the creation 1096:1107 the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1096:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 12 12 attach present 2860:2866 arg2 strains 2852:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains 2826:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2826:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 12 12 attach present 2860:2866 arg1 intestine 2892:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 9 13 theme live 2221:2224 arg1 biotherapeutics 2226:2240 engineered live biotherapeutics 2210:2240 engineered live biotherapeutics 2210:2240 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 8 14 theme basic 1941:1945 arg1 questions 1947:1955 basic questions 1941:1955 basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1941:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 3 15 theme molecules 584:592 arg1 synthesis 571:579 the synthesis 567:579 the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet 567:650 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 8 16 theme multiresistant 1755:1768 arg1 strains 1770:1776 multiresistant strains 1755:1776 multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1755:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 3 17 with species 457:463 arg1 diversity 522:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 10 18 theme Bacteroidales 2386:2398 arg1 strains 2400:2406 diverse Bacteroidales strains 2378:2406 diverse Bacteroidales strains 2378:2406 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 6 19 theme gain-of-function 1216:1231 arg1 system 1233:1238 a gain-of-function system 1214:1238 a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1214:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 3 20 theme other 613:617 arg1 bacteria 619:626 other bacteria 613:626 other bacteria 613:626 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 1 21 theme microbial 216:224 arg1 ecosystem 226:234 this microbial ecosystem 211:234 this microbial ecosystem 211:234 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 11 22 theme vectors 2583:2589 arg1 series 2573:2578 a series 2571:2578 a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2571:2681 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 9 23 theme particular 2265:2274 arg1 interest 2276:2283 particular interest 2265:2283 particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study 2265:2314 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 8 24 theme effects 1981:1987 arg1 questions 1947:1955 basic questions 1941:1955 basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1941:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 12 25 from intestine 2892:2900 arg1 present 2860:2866 present 2860:2866 present 2860:2866 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 12 26 theme diverse 2767:2773 arg1 number 2816:2821 the growing number 2804:2821 the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2804:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 12 26 theme diverse 2767:2773 arg1 Bacteroidales 2779:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 7 27 theme background 1361:1370 arg1 strain 1372:1377 a mutant background strain 1352:1377 a mutant background strain 1352:1377 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 28 dep Bacteroides 1429:1439 arg1 fragilis 1441:1448 fragilis 1441:1448 fragilis 1441:1448 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 29 from type 1401:1404 arg1 toxin 1388:1392 a toxin 1386:1392 a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes 1386:1586 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 1 30 theme gut 131:133 arg1 microbiota 135:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 the gut microbiota 127:144 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 11 31 theme genetic 2607:2613 arg1 manipulation 2615:2626 easy genetic manipulation 2602:2626 easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2602:2681 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 9 32 theme mechanistic 2298:2308 arg1 study 2310:2314 in-depth mechanistic study 2289:2314 in-depth mechanistic study 2289:2314 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 5 33 theme genetic 743:749 arg1 toolkit 751:757 the genetic toolkit 739:757 the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria 739:781 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 10 34 theme important 2439:2447 arg1 host 2449:2452 important host and community phenotypes 2439:2477 host 2449:2452 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 0 35 from Manipulation 20:31 arg1 Microbiota 104:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 4 36 theme diverse 693:699 arg1 species 701:707 diverse species 693:707 diverse species 693:707 This property necessitates the study of diverse species and strains. 31409684 11 37 theme easy 2602:2605 arg1 manipulation 2615:2626 easy genetic manipulation 2602:2626 easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2602:2681 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 5 38 theme allelic 873:879 arg1 replacements 881:892 allelic replacements 873:892 allelic replacements in diverse strains 873:911 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 0 39 theme Gut 100:102 arg1 Microbiota 104:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 1 40 theme microbiota 135:144 arg1 Studies 116:122 Studies 116:122 Studies of the gut microbiota 116:144 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 2 41 theme health-promoting 386:401 arg1 effects 425:431 both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects 381:431 both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects 381:431 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 6 42 theme new 1036:1038 arg1 suite 1078:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite 1034:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1034:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 8 43 theme health 2077:2082 arg1 processes 2096:2104 health and disease processes 2077:2104 health and disease processes 2077:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 5 44 from replacements 881:892 arg1 strains 905:911 diverse strains 897:911 diverse strains 897:911 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 7 45 theme independent 1328:1338 arg1 counterselection 1311:1326 easy counterselection 1306:1326 easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain 1306:1377 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 6 46 from creation 1100:1107 arg1 strains 1165:1171 multiresistant strains 1150:1171 multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1150:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 8 47 theme disease 2088:2094 arg1 processes 2096:2104 health and disease processes 2077:2104 health and disease processes 2077:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 7 48 theme secretion 1409:1417 arg1 system 1419:1424 secretion system 1409:1424 a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes 1399:1586 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 49 theme easy 1306:1309 arg1 counterselection 1311:1326 easy counterselection 1306:1326 easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain 1306:1377 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 12 50 theme modern-day 2875:2884 arg1 intestine 2892:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 9 51 theme gut 2129:2131 arg1 Bacteroidales 2133:2145 the gut Bacteroidales 2125:2145 the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease 2125:2173 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 2 52 theme disease-promoting 407:423 arg1 effects 425:431 both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects 381:431 both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects 381:431 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 5 53 theme facile 825:830 arg1 system 832:837 a facile system 823:837 a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains 823:911 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 0 54 theme Diverse 36:42 arg1 Isolates 76:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates 36:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 36:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 7 55 theme molecules 1528:1536 arg1 one 1507:1509 one 1507:1509 one 1507:1509 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 55 theme molecules 1528:1536 arg1 molecules 1528:1536 two different molecules 1514:1536 two different molecules 1514:1536 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 0 56 theme Isolates 76:83 arg1 Manipulation 20:31 Genetic Manipulation 12:31 Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 12:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 3 57 theme extensive 491:499 arg1 diversity 522:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 12 58 from replacement 2752:2762 arg1 number 2816:2821 the growing number 2804:2821 the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2804:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 12 58 from replacement 2752:2762 arg1 Bacteroidales 2779:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 3 59 theme Bacteroidales 472:484 arg1 species 457:463 more than 55 species 444:463 more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 444:530 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 1 60 theme ecosystem 226:234 arg1 importance 197:206 the importance 193:206 the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease 193:262 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 8 61 dep existing 1826:1833 arg1 entered 1868:1874 entered 1868:1874 have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1863:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 8 62 theme vectors 1604:1610 arg1 family 1594:1599 This family 1589:1599 This family of vectors 1589:1610 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 1 63 theme human 239:243 arg1 health 245:250 human health 239:250 human health 239:250 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 6 64 theme efficient 1061:1069 arg1 suite 1078:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite 1034:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1034:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 11 65 theme gut 2639:2641 arg1 Bacteroides 2643:2653 diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2631:2681 Bacteroides 2643:2653 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 8 66 theme gut 1903:1905 arg1 microbiota 1907:1916 the gut microbiota 1899:1916 the gut microbiota 1899:1916 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 2 67 theme healthy 352:358 arg1 gut 366:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 8 68 theme Bacteroidales 1689:1701 arg1 strains 1703:1709 gut Bacteroidales strains 1685:1709 gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1685:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 11 69 theme obstacles 2545:2553 arg1 many 2531:2534 many 2531:2534 many 2531:2534 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 11 69 theme obstacles 2545:2553 arg1 obstacles 2545:2553 these obstacles 2539:2553 these obstacles 2539:2553 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 12 70 theme multiantibiotic-resistant 2826:2850 arg1 strains 2852:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains 2826:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2826:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 8 71 theme genetic 1643:1649 arg1 analyses 1651:1658 functional genetic analyses 1632:1658 functional genetic analyses 1632:1658 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 5 72 from increase 940:947 arg1 resistance 952:961 resistance 952:961 resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation 952:1014 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 7 73 theme production 1456:1465 arg1 type 1401:1404 a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production 1399:1465 a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes 1399:1586 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 12 74 theme present 2860:2866 arg1 strains 2852:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains 2826:2858 multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2826:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 7 75 theme Bacteroides 1429:1439 arg1 production 1456:1465 Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production 1429:1465 Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production 1429:1465 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 6 76 theme polysaccharide 1249:1262 arg1 utilization 1264:1274 polysaccharide utilization 1249:1274 polysaccharide utilization 1249:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 1 77 theme recent 177:182 arg1 years 184:188 recent years 177:188 recent years 177:188 Studies of the gut microbiota have dramatically increased in recent years as the importance of this microbial ecosystem to human health and disease is better appreciated. 31409684 9 78 theme engineered 2210:2219 arg1 biotherapeutics 2226:2240 engineered live biotherapeutics 2210:2240 engineered live biotherapeutics 2210:2240 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 2 79 theme abundant 318:325 arg1 order 327:331 the most abundant order 309:331 the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut 309:368 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 2 79 theme abundant 318:325 arg1 Bacteroidales 291:303 The Bacteroidales 287:303 The Bacteroidales 287:303 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 6 80 theme allelic 1112:1118 arg1 deletions 1120:1128 allelic deletions 1112:1128 allelic deletions 1112:1128 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 8 81 theme microbial 2010:2018 arg1 molecules 2020:2028 the microbial molecules 2006:2028 the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 2006:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 9 82 theme biotherapeutics 2226:2240 arg1 source 2200:2205 a source 2198:2205 a source of engineered live biotherapeutics 2198:2240 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 8 83 theme composition 1960:1970 arg1 questions 1947:1955 basic questions 1941:1955 basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1941:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 10 84 theme strains 2400:2406 arg1 analysis 2366:2373 the genetic analysis 2354:2373 the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains 2354:2406 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 2 85 theme bacteria 336:343 arg1 order 327:331 the most abundant order 309:331 the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut 309:368 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 2 85 theme bacteria 336:343 arg1 Bacteroidales 291:303 The Bacteroidales 287:303 The Bacteroidales 287:303 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 8 86 theme host 1976:1979 arg1 effects 1981:1987 host effects 1976:1987 host effects 1976:1987 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 10 87 theme diverse 2378:2384 arg1 strains 2400:2406 diverse Bacteroidales strains 2378:2406 diverse Bacteroidales strains 2378:2406 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 12 88 theme allelic 2744:2750 arg1 replacement 2752:2762 streamlined allelic replacement 2732:2762 streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2732:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 6 89 theme Parabacteroides 1192:1206 arg1 strains 1165:1171 multiresistant strains 1150:1171 multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1150:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 12 90 theme streamlined 2732:2742 arg1 replacement 2752:2762 streamlined allelic replacement 2732:2762 streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2732:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 4 91 theme species 701:707 arg1 study 684:688 the study 680:688 the study of diverse species and strains 680:719 This property necessitates the study of diverse species and strains. 31409684 9 92 theme interest 2276:2283 arg1 bacteria 2253:2260 these bacteria 2247:2260 these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study 2247:2314 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 5 93 theme diverse 897:903 arg1 strains 905:911 diverse strains 897:911 diverse strains 897:911 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 0 94 from Microbiota 104:113 arg1 Manipulation 20:31 Genetic Manipulation 12:31 Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 12:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 0 94 from Microbiota 104:113 arg1 Isolates 76:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates 36:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 36:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 6 95 theme Bacteroides 1176:1186 arg1 strains 1165:1171 multiresistant strains 1150:1171 multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1150:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 4 96 theme strains 713:719 arg1 study 684:688 the study 680:688 the study of diverse species and strains 680:719 This property necessitates the study of diverse species and strains. 31409684 9 97 theme in-depth 2289:2296 arg1 study 2310:2314 in-depth mechanistic study 2289:2314 in-depth mechanistic study 2289:2314 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 5 98 theme deletion 852:859 arg1 mutants 861:867 deletion mutants 852:867 deletion mutants 852:867 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 7 99 theme mutant 1354:1359 arg1 strain 1372:1377 a mutant background strain 1352:1377 a mutant background strain 1352:1377 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 12 100 theme critical 2708:2715 arg1 need 2717:2720 a critical need 2706:2720 a critical need 2706:2720 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 5 101 theme recent 725:730 arg1 years 732:736 recent years 725:736 recent years 725:736 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 0 102 theme Human 94:98 arg1 Microbiota 104:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 the Human Gut Microbiota 90:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 8 103 theme genetic 1835:1841 arg1 tools.IMPORTANCE 1843:1858 genetic tools.IMPORTANCE 1835:1858 genetic tools.IMPORTANCE 1835:1858 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 7 104 dep type 1401:1404 arg1 system 1419:1424 secretion system 1409:1424 a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes 1399:1586 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 104 dep type 1401:1404 arg1 VI 1406:1407 VI 1406:1407 VI 1406:1407 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 7 105 theme strain 1570:1575 arg1 phenotypes 1577:1586 strain phenotypes 1570:1586 strain phenotypes 1570:1586 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 12 106 theme gut 2775:2777 arg1 number 2816:2821 the growing number 2804:2821 the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine 2804:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 12 106 theme gut 2775:2777 arg1 Bacteroidales 2779:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 diverse gut Bacteroidales 2767:2791 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 5 107 theme rapid 934:938 arg1 increase 940:947 the rapid increase 930:947 the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation 930:1014 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 5 108 from mutants 861:867 arg1 strains 905:911 diverse strains 897:911 diverse strains 897:911 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 8 109 theme compositional 2044:2056 arg1 shifts 2058:2063 compositional shifts 2044:2063 compositional shifts 2044:2063 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 6 110 theme versatile 1040:1048 arg1 suite 1078:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite 1034:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1034:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 10 111 theme community 2458:2466 arg1 phenotypes 2468:2477 important host and community phenotypes 2439:2477 phenotypes 2468:2477 However, there are still barriers to the genetic analysis of diverse Bacteroidales strains, limiting our ability to study important host and community phenotypes identified in these strains. 31409684 0 112 theme Genetic 12:18 arg1 Manipulation 20:31 Genetic Manipulation 12:31 Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 12:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 3 113 theme gut 468:470 arg1 Bacteroidales 472:484 gut Bacteroidales 468:484 gut Bacteroidales 468:484 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 0 114 theme Bacteroides 44:54 arg1 Isolates 76:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates 36:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 36:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 8 115 from questions 1947:1955 arg1 transitioning 1922:1934 transitioning 1922:1934 transitioning 1922:1934 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 9 116 theme Bacteroidales 2133:2145 arg1 potential 2185:2193 their potential 2179:2193 their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics 2179:2240 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 9 116 theme Bacteroidales 2133:2145 arg1 importance 2111:2120 The importance 2107:2120 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease 2107:2173 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 11 117 theme diverse 2631:2637 arg1 Bacteroides 2643:2653 diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains 2631:2681 Bacteroides 2643:2653 Here, we have overcome many of these obstacles by constructing a series of vectors that allow easy genetic manipulation in diverse gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides strains. 31409684 0 118 theme Parabacteroides 60:74 arg1 Isolates 76:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates 36:83 Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota 36:113 Streamlined Genetic Manipulation of Diverse Bacteroides and Parabacteroides Isolates from the Human Gut Microbiota. 31409684 5 119 theme genetic 995:1001 arg1 manipulation 1003:1014 genetic manipulation 995:1014 genetic manipulation 995:1014 In recent years, the genetic toolkit to study these bacteria has greatly expanded, but we still lack a facile system for creating deletion mutants and allelic replacements in diverse strains, especially with the rapid increase in resistance to the two antibiotics used for genetic manipulation. 31409684 12 120 theme human 2886:2890 arg1 intestine 2892:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 9 121 theme human 2150:2154 arg1 health 2156:2161 human health 2150:2161 human health 2150:2161 The importance of the gut Bacteroidales to human health and disease and their potential as a source of engineered live biotherapeutics make these bacteria of particular interest for in-depth mechanistic study. 31409684 3 122 theme intraspecies 501:512 arg1 diversity 522:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 extensive intraspecies genetic diversity 491:530 There are more than 55 species of gut Bacteroidales with extensive intraspecies genetic diversity, especially in regions involved in the synthesis of molecules that interact with other bacteria, the host, and the diet. 31409684 7 123 theme different 1518:1526 arg1 molecules 1528:1536 two different molecules 1514:1536 two different molecules 1514:1536 These vectors also allow for easy counterselection independent of creating a mutant background strain, using a toxin from a type VI secretion system of Bacteroides fragilis Toxin production during counterselection is induced with one of two different molecules, providing flexibility based on strain phenotypes. 31409684 8 124 theme gut 1685:1687 arg1 strains 1703:1709 gut Bacteroidales strains 1685:1709 gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1685:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 12 125 from present 2860:2866 arg1 intestine 2892:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 the modern-day human intestine 2871:2900 These constructs fill a critical need and allow streamlined allelic replacement in diverse gut Bacteroidales, including the growing number of multiantibiotic-resistant strains present in the modern-day human intestine. 31409684 6 126 theme vector 1071:1076 arg1 suite 1078:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite 1034:1082 a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization 1034:1274 Here, we present a new versatile and highly efficient vector suite that allows the creation of allelic deletions and replacements in multiresistant strains of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides using a gain-of-function system based on polysaccharide utilization. 31409684 8 127 theme functional 1632:1641 arg1 analyses 1651:1658 functional genetic analyses 1632:1658 functional genetic analyses 1632:1658 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 31409684 2 128 theme human 360:364 arg1 gut 366:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 the healthy human gut 348:368 The Bacteroidales are the most abundant order of bacteria in the healthy human gut and induce both health-promoting and disease-promoting effects. 31409684 8 129 theme strains 1703:1709 arg1 range 1676:1680 the range 1672:1680 the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes 1672:2104 This family of vectors greatly facilitates functional genetic analyses and extends the range of gut Bacteroidales strains that can be genetically modified to include multiresistant strains that are currently genetically intractable with existing genetic tools.IMPORTANCE We have entered an era when studies of the gut microbiota are transitioning from basic questions of composition and host effects to understanding the microbial molecules that underlie compositional shifts and mediate health and disease processes. 30552926 5 0 with sample 993:998 arg1 ratio 1010:1014 mass ratio 1005:1014 mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) 1005:1032 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 3 1 theme scanning 723:730 arg1 microscope 741:750 scanning electron microscope 723:750 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 723:756 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 1 theme scanning 723:730 arg1 SEM 753:755 SEM 753:755 SEM 753:755 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 6 2 theme Higuchi 1245:1251 arg1 model 1253:1257 the Higuchi model 1241:1257 the Higuchi model 1241:1257 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 1 3 theme composite 167:175 arg1 carrier 208:214 a carrier 206:214 a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 206:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 1 3 theme composite 167:175 arg1 microsphere 177:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 6 4 theme release 1267:1273 arg1 mechanism 1275:1283 the release mechanism 1263:1283 the release mechanism 1263:1283 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 6 4 theme release 1267:1273 arg1 diffusion 1301:1309 non-Fickian diffusion 1289:1309 non-Fickian diffusion 1289:1309 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 1 5 theme drug 269:272 arg1 sustained-release 232:248 sustained-release 232:248 sustained-release 232:248 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 1 5 theme drug 269:272 arg1 loading 220:226 loading 220:226 loading 220:226 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 7 6 theme MMT 1449:1451 arg1 content 1453:1459 the MMT content 1445:1459 the MMT content 1445:1459 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 5 7 theme slowest 1098:1104 arg1 release 1128:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release 1098:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1098:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 6 8 theme tanshinone 1205:1214 arg1 kinetics 1228:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 3 9 theme microspheres 546:557 arg1 microstructure 514:527 The microstructure 510:527 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres 510:557 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 7 10 theme cell 1490:1493 arg1 viability 1495:1503 cell viability 1490:1503 cell viability 1490:1503 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 5 11 from efficiency 1066:1075 arg1 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 11 from efficiency 1066:1075 arg1 solution 1164:1171 phosphate buffer solution 1147:1171 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1147:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 12 theme continuous 1106:1115 arg1 release 1128:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release 1098:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1098:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 13 theme phosphate 1147:1155 arg1 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 13 theme phosphate 1147:1155 arg1 solution 1164:1171 phosphate buffer solution 1147:1171 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1147:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 4 14 theme drug 774:777 arg1 loading 779:785 drug loading 774:785 drug loading 774:785 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 1 15 theme tanshinone 277:286 arg1 IIA 288:290 tanshinone IIA 277:290 tanshinone IIA 277:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 16 theme drug 943:946 arg1 encapsulation 948:960 the drug encapsulation 939:960 the drug encapsulation 939:960 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 5 17 from release 1128:1134 arg1 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 17 from release 1128:1134 arg1 solution 1164:1171 phosphate buffer solution 1147:1171 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1147:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 3 18 theme resulting 536:544 arg1 microspheres 546:557 the resulting microspheres 532:557 the resulting microspheres 532:557 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 1 19 theme IIA 288:290 arg1 drug 269:272 the hydrophobic drug 253:272 the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 253:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 5 20 theme % 1083:1083 arg1 % 1091:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 20 theme % 1083:1083 arg1 efficiency 1066:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency 1044:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) 1044:1092 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 4 21 theme CS/MMT 843:848 arg1 microspheres 860:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 8 22 theme effective 1663:1671 arg1 delivery 1696:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 7 23 contain had 1461:1463 arg1 content 1453:1459 the MMT content 1445:1459 the MMT content 1445:1459 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 7 23 contain had 1461:1463 arg2 effect 1480:1485 no significant effect 1465:1485 no significant effect 1465:1485 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 2 24 theme chitosan 481:488 arg1 dehydration 497:507 chitosan matrix dehydration 481:507 chitosan matrix dehydration 481:507 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 3 25 theme electron 732:739 arg1 microscope 741:750 scanning electron microscope 723:750 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 723:756 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 25 theme electron 732:739 arg1 SEM 753:755 SEM 753:755 SEM 753:755 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 4 26 theme loaded 836:841 arg1 microspheres 860:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 3 27 theme several 582:588 arg1 techniques 590:599 several techniques 582:599 several techniques 582:599 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 27 theme several 582:588 arg1 analysis 654:661 thermo-gravimetric analysis 635:661 thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) 635:667 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 27 theme several 582:588 arg1 Fourier 670:676 Fourier 670:676 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 670:716 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 27 theme several 582:588 arg1 microscope 741:750 scanning electron microscope 723:750 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 723:756 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 27 theme several 582:588 arg1 diffraction 616:626 X-ray diffraction 610:626 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 610:632 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 8 28 theme drug 1691:1694 arg1 delivery 1696:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 29 theme microspheres 860:871 arg1 study 808:812 in vitro release study 791:812 in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 791:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 4 29 theme microspheres 860:871 arg1 loading 779:785 drug loading 774:785 drug loading 774:785 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 5 30 theme mass 1005:1008 arg1 ratio 1010:1014 mass ratio 1005:1014 mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) 1005:1032 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 3 31 theme X-ray 610:614 arg1 XRD 629:631 XRD 629:631 XRD 629:631 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 31 theme X-ray 610:614 arg1 diffraction 616:626 X-ray diffraction 610:626 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 610:632 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 8 32 theme biocompatible 1677:1689 arg1 delivery 1696:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 effective and biocompatible drug delivery 1663:1703 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 33 theme composite 850:858 arg1 microspheres 860:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 6 34 theme release 1220:1226 arg1 kinetics 1228:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 4 35 dep in 791:792 arg1 vitro 794:798 vitro 794:798 vitro 794:798 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 2 36 theme exchange 457:464 arg1 process 466:472 the solvent exchange process 445:472 the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration 445:507 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 4 37 theme study 808:812 arg1 results 763:769 The results 759:769 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 759:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 7 38 theme Cell 1312:1315 arg1 studies 1327:1333 Cell viability studies 1312:1333 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay 1312:1348 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 2 39 theme hydrophobic 326:336 arg1 drugs 338:342 hydrophobic drugs 326:342 hydrophobic drugs 326:342 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 8 40 theme delivery 1696:1703 arg1 preparation 1648:1658 the preparation 1644:1658 the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA 1644:1722 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 2 41 theme solvent 449:455 arg1 process 466:472 the solvent exchange process 445:472 the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration 445:507 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 5 42 theme buffer 1157:1162 arg1 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 pH 7.4 1174:1179 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 42 theme buffer 1157:1162 arg1 solution 1164:1171 phosphate buffer solution 1147:1171 phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1147:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 6 43 theme non-Fickian 1289:1299 arg1 mechanism 1275:1283 the release mechanism 1263:1283 the release mechanism 1263:1283 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 6 43 theme non-Fickian 1289:1299 arg1 diffusion 1301:1309 non-Fickian diffusion 1289:1309 non-Fickian diffusion 1289:1309 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 5 44 theme highest 1044:1050 arg1 % 1091:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 44 theme highest 1044:1050 arg1 efficiency 1066:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency 1044:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) 1044:1092 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 45 dep ratio 1010:1014 arg1 10:2 1028:1031 10:2 1028:1031 10:2 1028:1031 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 45 dep ratio 1010:1014 arg1 MMT 1023:1025 MMT 1023:1025 mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) 1005:1032 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 46 theme encapsulation 1052:1064 arg1 % 1091:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 46 theme encapsulation 1052:1064 arg1 efficiency 1066:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency 1044:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) 1044:1092 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 8 47 theme tanshinone 1709:1718 arg1 IIA 1720:1722 tanshinone IIA 1709:1722 tanshinone IIA 1709:1722 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 6 48 theme IIA 1216:1218 arg1 kinetics 1228:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 the tanshinone IIA release kinetics 1201:1235 It was found that the tanshinone IIA release kinetics fit the Higuchi model and the release mechanism was non-Fickian diffusion. 30552926 5 49 theme cumulative 1117:1126 arg1 release 1128:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release 1098:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1098:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 8 50 theme hydrophilic 1585:1595 arg1 matrices 1597:1604 hydrophilic matrices 1585:1604 hydrophilic matrices 1585:1604 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 0 51 theme release 21:27 arg1 property 29:36 drug release property 16:36 drug release property 16:36 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 7 52 theme CCK-8 1338:1342 arg1 assay 1344:1348 CCK-8 assay 1338:1348 CCK-8 assay 1338:1348 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 5 53 theme drug 1139:1142 arg1 % 1091:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 48.18% ± 2.54% 1078:1091 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 53 theme drug 1139:1142 arg1 efficiency 1066:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency 1044:1075 highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) 1044:1092 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 5 53 theme drug 1139:1142 arg1 release 1128:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release 1098:1134 slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) 1098:1180 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 2 54 theme matrix 490:495 arg1 dehydration 497:507 chitosan matrix dehydration 481:507 chitosan matrix dehydration 481:507 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 8 55 theme successful 1527:1536 arg1 method 1538:1543 a successful method 1525:1543 a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices 1525:1604 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 56 theme MMT 906:908 arg1 incorporation 889:901 the incorporation 885:901 the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix 885:923 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 4 57 theme drug 973:976 arg1 migration 978:986 drug migration 973:986 drug migration 973:986 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 4 58 theme IIA 832:834 arg1 microspheres 860:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 0 59 theme tanshinone 41:50 arg1 IIA 52:54 tanshinone IIA 41:54 tanshinone IIA 41:54 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 4 60 theme tanshinone 821:830 arg1 microspheres 860:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 817:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 7 61 theme obvious 1389:1395 arg1 cytotoxicity 1397:1408 no obvious cytotoxicity 1386:1408 no obvious cytotoxicity 1386:1408 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 1 62 theme biocompatible 119:131 arg1 carrier 208:214 a carrier 206:214 a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 206:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 1 62 theme biocompatible 119:131 arg1 microsphere 177:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 63 theme release 800:806 arg1 study 808:812 in vitro release study 791:812 in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 791:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 4 64 theme CS 915:916 arg1 matrix 918:923 CS matrix 915:923 CS matrix 915:923 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 7 65 theme significant 1468:1478 arg1 effect 1480:1485 no significant effect 1465:1485 no significant effect 1465:1485 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 7 66 theme viability 1317:1325 arg1 studies 1327:1333 Cell viability studies 1312:1333 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay 1312:1348 Cell viability studies by CCK-8 assay showed that the microspheres showed no obvious cytotoxicity at the dosages below 80 μg/ml, and the MMT content had no significant effect on cell viability. 30552926 5 67 theme CS 1019:1020 arg1 ratio 1010:1014 mass ratio 1005:1014 mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) 1005:1032 The sample with mass ratio of CS: MMT (10:2) exhibited highest encapsulation efficiency (48.18% ± 2.54%) and slowest continuous cumulative release of drug in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). 30552926 1 68 theme chitosan/montmorillonite 133:156 arg1 carrier 208:214 a carrier 206:214 a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 206:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 1 68 theme chitosan/montmorillonite 133:156 arg1 microsphere 177:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 8 69 theme hydrophobic 1562:1572 arg1 drugs 1574:1578 hydrophobic drugs 1562:1578 hydrophobic drugs 1562:1578 This work provided a successful method of incorporating hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic matrices, and has been successfully applied to the preparation of effective and biocompatible drug delivery for tanshinone IIA. 30552926 4 70 theme loading 779:785 arg1 results 763:769 The results 759:769 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 759:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 3 71 theme infrared 688:695 arg1 spectroscopy 697:708 infrared spectroscopy 688:708 infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 688:716 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 71 theme infrared 688:695 arg1 FT-IR 711:715 FT-IR 711:715 FT-IR 711:715 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 4 72 theme in 791:792 arg1 study 808:812 in vitro release study 791:812 in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres 791:871 The results of drug loading and in vitro release study of the tanshinone IIA loaded CS/MMT composite microspheres showed that the incorporation of MMT into CS matrix would enhance the drug encapsulation and retard drug migration. 30552926 2 73 theme hydrophilic 348:358 arg1 matrix 360:365 hydrophilic matrix 348:365 hydrophilic matrix 348:365 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 0 74 theme chitosan-montmorillonite 63:86 arg1 microspheres 88:99 chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres 63:99 chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres 63:99 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 3 75 theme thermo-gravimetric 635:652 arg1 analysis 654:661 thermo-gravimetric analysis 635:661 thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) 635:667 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 3 75 theme thermo-gravimetric 635:652 arg1 TGA 664:666 TGA 664:666 TGA 664:666 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 1 76 theme CS/MMT 159:164 arg1 carrier 208:214 a carrier 206:214 a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 206:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 1 76 theme CS/MMT 159:164 arg1 microsphere 177:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere 117:187 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 30552926 3 77 dep Fourier 670:676 arg1 transform 678:686 transform 678:686 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 678:716 The microstructure of the resulting microspheres was characterized with several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30552926 0 78 theme IIA 52:54 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 0 78 theme IIA 52:54 arg1 property 29:36 drug release property 16:36 drug release property 16:36 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 0 79 theme drug 16:19 arg1 property 29:36 drug release property 16:36 drug release property 16:36 Preparation and drug release property of tanshinone IIA loaded chitosan-montmorillonite microspheres. 30552926 2 80 theme tanshinone 384:393 arg1 IIA 395:397 tanshinone IIA 384:397 tanshinone IIA 384:397 Though the compatibility between hydrophobic drugs and hydrophilic matrix was fairly poor, tanshinone IIA was successfully loaded on the microsphere by the solvent exchange process during chitosan matrix dehydration. 30552926 1 81 theme hydrophobic 257:267 arg1 drug 269:272 the hydrophobic drug 253:272 the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA 253:290 In this study, a biocompatible chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) composite microsphere was developed as a carrier for loading and sustained-release of the hydrophobic drug of tanshinone IIA. 31852804 6 0 theme individual-dependent 1076:1095 arg1 manner 1097:1102 an individual-dependent manner 1073:1102 an individual-dependent manner 1073:1102 Using two different HAstV genotypes, we found that stools as a whole modulate astrovirus infectivity not only in an individual-dependent manner but also in a manner that depends on the viral genotype. 31852804 11 1 theme HAstV 1656:1660 arg1 benefits 1662:1669 HAstV benefits 1656:1669 HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1656:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 2 located observed 1882:1889 arg1 life.IMPORTANCE 1899:1913 real life.IMPORTANCE 1894:1913 real life.IMPORTANCE 1894:1913 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 2 located observed 1882:1889 arg2 transmission 1869:1880 viral transmission 1863:1880 viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission 1863:1936 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 3 3 theme polysaccharide-containing 517:541 arg1 molecules 543:551 other polysaccharide-containing molecules 511:551 other polysaccharide-containing molecules 511:551 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 13 4 theme fecal 2224:2228 arg1 components 2240:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 7 5 theme Gram-positive 1230:1242 arg1 bacteria 1262:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 4 6 theme stool 662:666 arg1 environment 668:678 the complex stool environment 650:678 the complex stool environment 650:678 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 11 7 theme stabilizing 1680:1690 arg1 effect 1692:1697 the stabilizing effect 1676:1697 the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1676:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 9 8 theme Astrovirus 1461:1470 arg1 infectivity 1472:1482 Astrovirus infectivity 1461:1482 Astrovirus infectivity 1461:1482 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 11 9 theme interindividual 1832:1846 arg1 differences 1848:1858 the interindividual differences 1828:1858 the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission 1828:1936 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 14 10 theme infectivity 2446:2456 arg1 reduction 2427:2435 a reduction 2425:2435 a reduction of viral infectivity 2425:2456 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 1 11 theme gastroenteritis 181:195 arg1 agents 165:170 the most common causative agents 139:170 the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis 139:195 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 10 12 theme viral 1609:1613 arg1 capsid 1615:1620 the viral capsid 1605:1620 the viral capsid 1605:1620 We further confirmed that these components stabilize the viral capsid. 31852804 2 13 theme stool 352:356 arg1 composition 358:368 stool composition 352:368 stool composition 352:368 These viruses are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, implying that stool composition and the gut microbiota may impact their ability to remain infectious. 31852804 15 14 theme complex 2688:2694 arg1 interactions 2705:2716 the complex multiple interactions 2684:2716 the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans 2684:2797 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 3 15 theme capsid 611:616 arg1 stability 618:626 capsid stability 611:626 capsid stability 611:626 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 4 16 theme interindividual 715:729 arg1 differences 731:741 interindividual differences 715:741 interindividual differences 715:741 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 1 17 theme extraintestinal 226:240 arg1 manifestations 242:255 extraintestinal manifestations 226:255 extraintestinal manifestations 226:255 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 11 18 theme stool 1758:1762 arg1 composition 1764:1774 the stool composition 1754:1774 the stool composition 1754:1774 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 7 19 theme various 1222:1228 arg1 bacteria 1262:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 1 20 from agents 165:170 arg1 children 212:219 children 212:219 children 212:219 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 9 21 theme intestinal 1534:1543 arg1 mucus 1545:1549 intestinal mucus 1534:1549 intestinal mucus 1534:1549 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 12 22 theme virus 2136:2140 arg1 survival 2142:2149 enteric virus survival 2128:2149 enteric virus survival 2128:2149 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival may help to control their transmission. 31852804 11 23 theme interactions 1803:1814 arg1 effect 1692:1697 the stabilizing effect 1676:1697 the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1676:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 0 24 theme Intestinal 82:91 arg1 Tissues 93:99 Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues 68:99 Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues 68:99 Fecal Components Modulate Human Astrovirus Infectivity in Cells and Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues. 31852804 1 25 theme causative 155:163 arg1 agents 165:170 the most common causative agents 139:170 the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis 139:195 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 11 26 theme multiple 1784:1791 arg1 interactions 1803:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 15 27 theme virus 2770:2774 arg1 transmission 2776:2787 enteric virus transmission 2762:2787 enteric virus transmission 2762:2787 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 6 28 theme HAstV 980:984 arg1 genotypes 986:994 two different HAstV genotypes 966:994 two different HAstV genotypes 966:994 Using two different HAstV genotypes, we found that stools as a whole modulate astrovirus infectivity not only in an individual-dependent manner but also in a manner that depends on the viral genotype. 31852804 11 29 theme various 1998:2004 arg1 challenges 2020:2029 the various environmental challenges 1994:2029 the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts 1994:2080 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 15 30 theme viruses 2595:2601 arg1 dependent 2606:2614 dependent 2606:2614 dependent 2606:2614 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 15 30 theme viruses 2595:2601 arg1 transmissibility 2567:2582 the transmissibility 2563:2582 the transmissibility of enteric viruses 2563:2601 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 14 31 theme interactions 2366:2377 arg1 outcomes 2342:2349 the outcomes 2338:2349 the outcomes of stool-virus interactions 2338:2377 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 14 31 theme interactions 2366:2377 arg1 variable 2388:2395 variable 2388:2395 variable 2388:2395 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 0 32 theme Fecal 0:4 arg1 Components 6:15 Fecal Components 0:15 Fecal Components 0:15 Fecal Components Modulate Human Astrovirus Infectivity in Cells and Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues. 31852804 1 33 theme Human 102:106 arg1 HAstV 122:126 HAstV 122:126 HAstV 122:126 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 1 33 theme Human 102:106 arg1 astroviruses 108:119 Human astroviruses 102:119 Human astroviruses (HAstV) 102:127 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 8 34 theme human 1395:1399 arg1 tissues 1412:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 8 34 theme human 1395:1399 arg1 system 1453:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 15 35 theme stochastic 2741:2750 arg1 nature 2752:2757 the stochastic nature 2737:2757 the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans 2737:2797 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 11 36 theme complexity 1724:1733 arg1 effect 1692:1697 the stabilizing effect 1676:1697 the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1676:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 3 37 theme enteric 449:455 arg1 viruses 457:463 some enteric viruses 444:463 some enteric viruses 444:463 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 0 38 theme Astrovirus 32:41 arg1 Infectivity 43:53 Human Astrovirus Infectivity 26:53 Human Astrovirus Infectivity 26:53 Fecal Components Modulate Human Astrovirus Infectivity in Cells and Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues. 31852804 14 39 dep ranging 2398:2404 arg1 depending 2459:2467 depending 2459:2467 depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected 2459:2547 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 3 40 theme bacterial 477:485 arg1 components 496:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 13 41 theme human 2268:2272 arg1 infectivity 2285:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 12 42 theme Increased 2083:2091 arg1 knowledge 2093:2101 Increased knowledge 2083:2101 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival 2083:2149 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival may help to control their transmission. 31852804 3 43 theme other 511:515 arg1 molecules 543:551 other polysaccharide-containing molecules 511:551 other polysaccharide-containing molecules 511:551 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 15 44 theme infected 2650:2657 arg1 individual 2659:2668 the infected individual 2646:2668 the infected individual 2646:2668 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 13 45 theme specific 2215:2222 arg1 components 2240:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 14 46 theme viral 2476:2480 arg1 genotype 2482:2489 the viral genotype 2472:2489 the viral genotype 2472:2489 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 13 47 theme bacterial 2230:2238 arg1 components 2240:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 specific fecal bacterial components 2215:2249 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 9 48 theme mucus 1545:1549 arg1 component 1521:1529 a major component 1513:1529 a major component of intestinal mucus 1513:1549 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 9 48 theme mucus 1545:1549 arg1 mucin 1506:1510 mucin 1506:1510 mucin 1506:1510 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 11 49 from face 2041:2044 arg1 transit 2049:2055 transit 2049:2055 transit 2049:2055 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 50 theme fecal 1702:1706 arg1 components 1708:1717 fecal components 1702:1717 fecal components 1702:1717 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 1 51 theme viral 175:179 arg1 gastroenteritis 181:195 viral gastroenteritis 175:195 viral gastroenteritis 175:195 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 6 52 theme viral 1145:1149 arg1 genotype 1151:1158 the viral genotype 1141:1158 the viral genotype 1141:1158 Using two different HAstV genotypes, we found that stools as a whole modulate astrovirus infectivity not only in an individual-dependent manner but also in a manner that depends on the viral genotype. 31852804 4 53 theme complex 654:660 arg1 environment 668:678 the complex stool environment 650:678 the complex stool environment 650:678 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 2 54 theme fecal-oral 320:329 arg1 route 331:335 the fecal-oral route 316:335 the fecal-oral route 316:335 These viruses are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, implying that stool composition and the gut microbiota may impact their ability to remain infectious. 31852804 5 55 theme interindividual 850:864 arg1 variability 866:876 its interindividual variability 846:876 its interindividual variability 846:876 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 6 56 theme different 970:978 arg1 genotypes 986:994 two different HAstV genotypes 966:994 two different HAstV genotypes 966:994 Using two different HAstV genotypes, we found that stools as a whole modulate astrovirus infectivity not only in an individual-dependent manner but also in a manner that depends on the viral genotype. 31852804 11 57 from differences 1848:1858 arg1 transmission 1869:1880 viral transmission 1863:1880 viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission 1863:1936 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 4 58 theme environment 668:678 arg1 role 707:710 the role 703:710 the role of interindividual differences 703:741 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 4 58 theme environment 668:678 arg1 role 642:645 the role 638:645 the role of the complex stool environment 638:678 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 14 59 theme viral 2440:2444 arg1 infectivity 2446:2456 viral infectivity 2440:2456 viral infectivity 2440:2456 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 5 60 theme stool 817:821 arg1 environment 823:833 the stool environment 813:833 the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components 813:912 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 15 61 from nature 2752:2757 arg1 humans 2792:2797 humans 2792:2797 humans 2792:2797 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 5 62 theme specific 888:895 arg1 components 903:912 some specific stool components 883:912 some specific stool components 883:912 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 15 63 theme multiple 2696:2703 arg1 interactions 2705:2716 the complex multiple interactions 2684:2716 the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans 2684:2797 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 11 64 theme environmental 2006:2018 arg1 challenges 2020:2029 the various environmental challenges 1994:2029 the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts 1994:2080 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 5 65 theme stool 897:901 arg1 components 903:912 some specific stool components 883:912 some specific stool components 883:912 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 3 66 from stools 576:581 arg1 abundant 564:571 abundant 564:571 abundant 564:571 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 11 67 theme viral 1863:1867 arg1 transmission 1869:1880 viral transmission 1863:1880 viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission 1863:1936 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 5 68 from environment 823:833 arg1 components 903:912 some specific stool components 883:912 some specific stool components 883:912 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 5 68 from environment 823:833 arg1 itself 838:843 itself 838:843 itself 838:843 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 5 68 from environment 823:833 arg1 variability 866:876 its interindividual variability 846:876 its interindividual variability 846:876 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 9 69 theme major 1515:1519 arg1 component 1521:1529 a major component 1513:1529 a major component of intestinal mucus 1513:1549 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 9 69 theme major 1515:1519 arg1 mucin 1506:1510 mucin 1506:1510 mucin 1506:1510 Astrovirus infectivity was also preserved by mucin, a major component of intestinal mucus. 31852804 7 70 with incubation 1206:1215 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 7 70 with incubation 1206:1215 arg1 bacteria 1262:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 7 70 with incubation 1206:1215 arg1 components 1297:1306 bacterial components 1287:1306 bacterial components 1287:1306 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 7 70 with incubation 1206:1215 arg1 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 0 71 theme Reconstituted 68:80 arg1 Tissues 93:99 Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues 68:99 Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues 68:99 Fecal Components Modulate Human Astrovirus Infectivity in Cells and Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues. 31852804 3 72 theme envelope 487:494 arg1 components 496:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 12 73 theme factors 2110:2116 arg1 knowledge 2093:2101 Increased knowledge 2083:2101 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival 2083:2149 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival may help to control their transmission. 31852804 11 74 theme composition 1764:1774 arg1 variability 1739:1749 variability 1739:1749 variability 1739:1749 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 74 theme composition 1764:1774 arg1 components 1708:1717 fecal components 1702:1717 fecal components 1702:1717 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 74 theme composition 1764:1774 arg1 complexity 1724:1733 the complexity 1720:1733 the complexity 1720:1733 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 11 74 theme composition 1764:1774 arg1 interactions 1803:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 15 75 theme transmission 2776:2787 arg1 nature 2752:2757 the stochastic nature 2737:2757 the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans 2737:2797 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 1 76 theme common 148:153 arg1 agents 165:170 the most common causative agents 139:170 the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis 139:195 Human astroviruses (HAstV) are among the most common causative agents of viral gastroenteritis, especially in children, and extraintestinal manifestations have also been described. 31852804 12 77 theme enteric 2128:2134 arg1 survival 2142:2149 enteric virus survival 2128:2149 enteric virus survival 2128:2149 Increased knowledge of the factors affecting enteric virus survival may help to control their transmission. 31852804 3 78 from abundant 564:571 arg1 stools 576:581 stools 576:581 stools 576:581 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 15 79 theme enteric 2762:2768 arg1 transmission 2776:2787 enteric virus transmission 2762:2787 enteric virus transmission 2762:2787 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 15 80 theme intestinal 2623:2632 arg1 contents 2634:2641 the intestinal contents 2619:2641 the intestinal contents of the infected individual 2619:2668 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 11 81 theme potential 1793:1801 arg1 interactions 1803:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 the multiple potential interactions 1780:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 7 82 theme virus-protective 1163:1178 arg1 effect 1180:1185 A virus-protective effect 1161:1185 A virus-protective effect 1161:1185 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 5 83 used used 772:775 arg2 We 769:770 We 769:770 We 769:770 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 5 84 theme HAstV 927:931 arg1 stability 933:941 HAstV stability 927:941 HAstV stability 927:941 We used HAstV as a model to investigate how the stool environment in itself, its interindividual variability, and some specific stool components could affect HAstV stability and infectivity. 31852804 11 85 from effect 1692:1697 arg1 benefits 1662:1669 HAstV benefits 1656:1669 HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1656:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 4 86 theme differences 731:741 arg1 role 707:710 the role 703:710 the role of interindividual differences 703:741 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 4 86 theme differences 731:741 arg1 role 642:645 the role 638:645 the role of the complex stool environment 638:678 However, the role of the complex stool environment and, most importantly, the role of interindividual differences have been poorly studied. 31852804 14 87 theme stool-virus 2354:2364 arg1 interactions 2366:2377 stool-virus interactions 2354:2377 stool-virus interactions 2354:2377 However, the outcomes of stool-virus interactions are very variable, ranging from protection to a reduction of viral infectivity, depending on the viral genotype and the individual from whom the stool has been collected. 31852804 2 88 theme gut 378:380 arg1 microbiota 382:391 the gut microbiota 374:391 the gut microbiota 374:391 These viruses are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, implying that stool composition and the gut microbiota may impact their ability to remain infectious. 31852804 0 89 theme Human 26:30 arg1 Infectivity 43:53 Human Astrovirus Infectivity 26:53 Human Astrovirus Infectivity 26:53 Fecal Components Modulate Human Astrovirus Infectivity in Cells and Reconstituted Intestinal Tissues. 31852804 15 90 theme enteric 2587:2593 arg1 viruses 2595:2601 enteric viruses 2587:2601 enteric viruses 2587:2601 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 6 91 theme astrovirus 1038:1047 arg1 infectivity 1049:1059 astrovirus infectivity 1038:1059 astrovirus infectivity 1038:1059 Using two different HAstV genotypes, we found that stools as a whole modulate astrovirus infectivity not only in an individual-dependent manner but also in a manner that depends on the viral genotype. 31852804 3 92 theme individual 466:475 arg1 components 496:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 individual bacterial envelope components 466:505 For some enteric viruses, individual bacterial envelope components and other polysaccharide-containing molecules, which are abundant in stools, have been shown to enhance capsid stability. 31852804 7 93 theme bacterial 1287:1295 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 lipopolysaccharide 1317:1334 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 7 93 theme bacterial 1287:1295 arg1 components 1297:1306 bacterial components 1287:1306 bacterial components 1287:1306 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 7 93 theme bacterial 1287:1295 arg1 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 peptidoglycan 1340:1352 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 11 94 theme components 1708:1717 arg1 effect 1692:1697 the stabilizing effect 1676:1697 the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions 1676:1814 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 8 95 theme intestinal 1401:1410 arg1 tissues 1412:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 8 95 theme intestinal 1401:1410 arg1 system 1453:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 13 96 theme viral 2312:2316 arg1 particles 2318:2326 viral particles 2312:2326 viral particles 2312:2326 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 11 97 theme real 1894:1897 arg1 life.IMPORTANCE 1899:1913 real life.IMPORTANCE 1894:1913 real life.IMPORTANCE 1894:1913 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 15 98 theme individual 2659:2668 arg1 contents 2634:2641 the intestinal contents 2619:2641 the intestinal contents of the infected individual 2619:2668 We show that the transmissibility of enteric viruses is dependent on the intestinal contents of the infected individual and highlight the complex multiple interactions that could explain the stochastic nature of enteric virus transmission in humans. 31852804 13 99 theme classic 2260:2266 arg1 infectivity 2285:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 31852804 7 100 theme Gram-negative 1248:1260 arg1 bacteria 1262:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1222:1269 A virus-protective effect was observed after incubation with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with bacterial components, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. 31852804 8 101 theme relevant 1444:1451 arg1 tissues 1412:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 human intestinal tissues 1395:1418 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 8 101 theme relevant 1444:1451 arg1 system 1453:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 a more physiologically relevant system 1421:1458 These results were further confirmed in human intestinal tissues, a more physiologically relevant system. 31852804 11 102 theme enteric 1939:1945 arg1 viruses 1947:1953 enteric viruses 1939:1953 enteric viruses 1939:1953 These results show that although HAstV benefits from the stabilizing effect of fecal components, the complexity and variability of the stool composition and the multiple potential interactions may explain the interindividual differences in viral transmission observed in real life.IMPORTANCE To ensure transmission, enteric viruses must maintain their infectivity during the various environmental challenges that they face in transit within and between hosts. 31852804 13 103 theme astrovirus 2274:2283 arg1 infectivity 2285:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 classic human astrovirus infectivity 2260:2295 This study reveals that specific fecal bacterial components preserve classic human astrovirus infectivity by stabilizing viral particles. 30985111 0 0 theme Hyaluronic 93:102 arg1 Acid 104:107 Hyaluronic Acid 93:107 Hyaluronic Acid 93:107 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 5 1 theme = 826:826 arg1 nm 834:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 5 1 theme = 826:826 arg1 particles 812:820 relatively small particles 795:820 relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV) 795:869 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 6 2 theme loading 902:908 arg1 capacity 910:917 loading capacity 902:917 loading capacity 902:917 The entrapment efficiency and loading capacity were 69.8 and 2.5% for curcumin and 90.3 and 3.5% for quercetagetin, respectively. 30985111 5 3 theme optimized 750:758 arg1 formulation 773:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 10 4 theme tract 1500:1504 arg1 conditions 1506:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 In addition, the nanoparticles were shown to slowly release the nutraceuticals under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, which may help improve their oral bioavailability. 30985111 8 5 theme HA 1187:1188 arg1 level 1178:1182 the level 1174:1182 the level of HA 1174:1188 In particular, they changed from coated nanoparticles to nanoparticle-filled microgels as the level of HA increased. 30985111 1 6 theme layer-by-layer 174:187 arg1 nanoparticles 199:211 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 174:211 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) 174:257 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 10 7 theme gastrointestinal 1483:1498 arg1 conditions 1506:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 In addition, the nanoparticles were shown to slowly release the nutraceuticals under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, which may help improve their oral bioavailability. 30985111 3 8 theme hyaluronic 598:607 arg1 acid 609:612 hyaluronic acid 598:612 hyaluronic acid 598:612 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 10 9 theme simulated 1473:1481 arg1 conditions 1506:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1473:1515 In addition, the nanoparticles were shown to slowly release the nutraceuticals under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, which may help improve their oral bioavailability. 30985111 3 10 theme acid 609:612 arg1 deposition 584:593 the layer-by-layer deposition 565:593 the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles 565:649 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 1 11 theme curcumin 281:288 arg1 codelivery 267:276 the codelivery 263:276 the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin 263:306 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 5 12 theme small 806:810 arg1 nm 834:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 5 12 theme small 806:810 arg1 particles 812:820 relatively small particles 795:820 relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV) 795:869 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 1 13 theme composite 189:197 arg1 nanoparticles 199:211 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 174:211 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) 174:257 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 0 14 theme Nanoparticles 61:73 arg1 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 0 14 theme Nanoparticles 61:73 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 4 15 theme secondary 656:664 arg1 structure 666:674 The secondary structure 652:674 The secondary structure of zein 652:682 The secondary structure of zein was altered by the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA. 30985111 1 16 theme nanoparticles 199:211 arg1 utilization 159:169 The utilization 155:169 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin 155:306 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 5 17 contain contained 785:793 arg2 nm 834:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 5 17 contain contained 785:793 arg2 particles 812:820 relatively small particles 795:820 relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV) 795:869 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 5 17 contain contained 785:793 arg1 formulation 773:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 9 18 theme storage 1379:1385 arg1 months 1359:1364 6 months 1357:1364 6 months of long-term storage 1357:1385 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 9 19 theme long-term 1369:1377 arg1 storage 1379:1385 long-term storage 1369:1385 long-term storage 1369:1385 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 11 20 theme layer-by-layer 1600:1613 arg1 system 1688:1693 an effective codelivery system 1664:1693 an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds 1664:1721 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 11 20 theme layer-by-layer 1600:1613 arg1 nanoparticles 1625:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 1600:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA 1600:1658 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 1 21 theme quercetagetin 294:306 arg1 codelivery 267:276 the codelivery 263:276 the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin 263:306 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 11 22 theme composite 1615:1623 arg1 system 1688:1693 an effective codelivery system 1664:1693 an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds 1664:1721 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 11 22 theme composite 1615:1623 arg1 nanoparticles 1625:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 1600:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA 1600:1658 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 0 23 theme Curcumin 127:134 arg1 Codelivery 113:122 Codelivery 113:122 Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin 113:152 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 4 24 theme HA 742:743 arg1 presence 703:710 the presence 699:710 the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA 699:743 The secondary structure of zein was altered by the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA. 30985111 0 25 theme Composite 51:59 arg1 Nanoparticles 61:73 Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles 36:73 Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles 36:73 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 5 26 theme nanoparticle 760:771 arg1 formulation 773:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation 746:783 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 9 27 theme thermal 1256:1262 arg1 degradation 1264:1274 thermal degradation 1256:1274 thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals 1256:1313 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 1 28 theme hyaluronic 238:247 arg1 HA 255:256 HA 255:256 HA 255:256 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 1 28 theme hyaluronic 238:247 arg1 acid 249:252 hyaluronic acid 238:252 hyaluronic acid (HA) 238:257 The utilization of layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles fabricated from zein and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the codelivery of curcumin and quercetagetin was investigated. 30985111 2 29 theme zein 423:426 arg1 interaction 408:418 the interaction 404:418 the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles 404:488 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 0 30 theme Layer-by-Layer 36:49 arg1 Nanoparticles 61:73 Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles 36:73 Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles 36:73 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 6 31 theme entrapment 876:885 arg1 % 936:936 69.8 and 2.5% 924:936 69.8 and 2.5% for curcumin 924:949 The entrapment efficiency and loading capacity were 69.8 and 2.5% for curcumin and 90.3 and 3.5% for quercetagetin, respectively. 30985111 6 31 theme entrapment 876:885 arg1 efficiency 887:896 The entrapment efficiency 872:896 The entrapment efficiency 872:896 The entrapment efficiency and loading capacity were 69.8 and 2.5% for curcumin and 90.3 and 3.5% for quercetagetin, respectively. 30985111 3 32 theme Electrostatic 491:503 arg1 attraction 505:514 Electrostatic attraction 491:514 Electrostatic attraction 491:514 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 8 33 theme coated 1117:1122 arg1 nanoparticles 1124:1136 coated nanoparticles 1117:1136 coated nanoparticles 1117:1136 In particular, they changed from coated nanoparticles to nanoparticle-filled microgels as the level of HA increased. 30985111 8 34 theme nanoparticle-filled 1141:1159 arg1 microgels 1161:1169 nanoparticle-filled microgels 1141:1169 nanoparticle-filled microgels 1141:1169 In particular, they changed from coated nanoparticles to nanoparticle-filled microgels as the level of HA increased. 30985111 2 35 theme hydrogen 367:374 arg1 bonding 376:382 hydrogen bonding 367:382 hydrogen bonding 367:382 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 0 36 theme Quercetagetin 140:152 arg1 Codelivery 113:122 Codelivery 113:122 Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin 113:152 Fabrication and Characterization of Layer-by-Layer Composite Nanoparticles Based on Zein and Hyaluronic Acid for Codelivery of Curcumin and Quercetagetin. 30985111 3 37 theme nanoparticles 637:649 arg1 surfaces 621:628 the surfaces 617:628 the surfaces of the nanoparticles 617:649 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 4 38 theme nutraceuticals 723:736 arg1 presence 703:710 the presence 699:710 the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA 699:743 The secondary structure of zein was altered by the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA. 30985111 2 39 theme effects 355:361 arg1 responsible 388:398 responsible 388:398 responsible 388:398 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 2 39 theme effects 355:361 arg1 combination 328:338 A combination 326:338 A combination of hydrophobic effects 326:361 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 2 39 theme effects 355:361 arg1 bonding 376:382 hydrogen bonding 367:382 hydrogen bonding 367:382 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 7 40 theme nanoparticles 1039:1051 arg1 morphology 1021:1030 the morphology 1017:1030 the morphology of the nanoparticles 1017:1051 Interestingly, the morphology of the nanoparticles depended on their composition. 30985111 9 41 theme encapsulated 1287:1298 arg1 nutraceuticals 1300:1313 the two encapsulated nutraceuticals 1279:1313 the two encapsulated nutraceuticals 1279:1313 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 11 42 theme effective 1667:1675 arg1 system 1688:1693 an effective codelivery system 1664:1693 an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds 1664:1721 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 11 42 theme effective 1667:1675 arg1 nanoparticles 1625:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 1600:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA 1600:1658 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 2 43 theme hydrophobic 343:353 arg1 effects 355:361 hydrophobic effects 343:361 hydrophobic effects 343:361 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 11 44 theme bioactive 1703:1711 arg1 compounds 1713:1721 two bioactive compounds 1699:1721 two bioactive compounds 1699:1721 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 3 45 theme hydrogen 520:527 arg1 bonding 529:535 hydrogen bonding 520:535 hydrogen bonding 520:535 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 10 46 theme oral 1547:1550 arg1 bioavailability 1552:1566 their oral bioavailability 1541:1566 their oral bioavailability 1541:1566 In addition, the nanoparticles were shown to slowly release the nutraceuticals under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, which may help improve their oral bioavailability. 30985111 9 47 theme nutraceuticals 1300:1313 arg1 degradation 1264:1274 thermal degradation 1256:1274 thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals 1256:1313 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 9 47 theme nutraceuticals 1300:1313 arg1 light 1246:1250 light 1246:1250 light 1246:1250 The nanoparticles were effective at reducing light and thermal degradation of the two encapsulated nutraceuticals and remained physically stable throughout 6 months of long-term storage. 30985111 11 48 theme codelivery 1677:1686 arg1 system 1688:1693 an effective codelivery system 1664:1693 an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds 1664:1721 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 11 48 theme codelivery 1677:1686 arg1 nanoparticles 1625:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles 1600:1637 layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA 1600:1658 In summary, we have shown that layer-by-layer composite nanoparticles based on zein and HA are an effective codelivery system for two bioactive compounds. 30985111 4 49 theme zein 679:682 arg1 structure 666:674 The secondary structure 652:674 The secondary structure of zein 652:682 The secondary structure of zein was altered by the presence of the two nutraceuticals and HA. 30985111 5 50 theme d 824:824 arg1 nm 834:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 d = 231.2 nm 824:835 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 5 50 theme d 824:824 arg1 particles 812:820 relatively small particles 795:820 relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV) 795:869 The optimized nanoparticle formulation contained relatively small particles ( d = 231.2 nm) that were anionic (ζ = -30.5 mV). 30985111 2 51 with interaction 408:418 arg1 quercetagetin 451:463 quercetagetin 451:463 quercetagetin 451:463 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 2 51 with interaction 408:418 arg1 curcumin 438:445 curcumin 438:445 curcumin 438:445 A combination of hydrophobic effects and hydrogen bonding was responsible for the interaction of zein with both curcumin and quercetagetin inside the nanoparticles. 30985111 3 52 theme layer-by-layer 569:582 arg1 deposition 584:593 the layer-by-layer deposition 565:593 the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles 565:649 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30985111 3 53 from deposition 584:593 arg1 surfaces 621:628 the surfaces 617:628 the surfaces of the nanoparticles 617:649 Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were mainly responsible for the layer-by-layer deposition of hyaluronic acid on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. 30594623 8 0 theme mechanical 959:968 arg1 properties 970:979 mechanical properties 959:979 mechanical properties 959:979 Moreover, TGase took a promoted effect on mechanical properties. 30594623 5 1 theme mechanical 788:797 arg1 properties 799:808 the mechanical properties 784:808 the mechanical properties 784:808 Results illustrated that NCC as fillers in the protein network blended with WPC markedly improved the mechanical properties. 30594623 9 2 theme composite 986:994 arg1 film 996:999 The composite film 982:999 The composite film 982:999 The composite film achieved a maximal elongation value of 86.7% when TGase was added at 9 U/g of WPC. 30594623 12 3 theme based 1384:1388 arg1 film 1390:1393 WPC based film 1380:1393 WPC based film 1380:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 4 4 theme composite 526:534 arg1 film 536:539 WPC-NCC composite film 518:539 WPC-NCC composite film 518:539 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 0 5 theme nanocrystalline 92:106 arg1 cellulose 108:116 nanocrystalline cellulose 92:116 nanocrystalline cellulose 92:116 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 12 6 theme WPC 1380:1382 arg1 film 1390:1393 WPC based film 1380:1393 WPC based film 1380:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 11 7 theme conformational 1199:1212 arg1 changes 1214:1220 conformational changes 1199:1220 conformational changes caused by TGase 1199:1236 FTIR analysis observed conformational changes caused by TGase in the films and implied the interaction between WPC and NCC. 30594623 10 8 theme polymers 1166:1173 arg1 formation 1141:1149 the formation 1137:1149 the formation of the protein polymers 1137:1173 SDS-PAGE confirmed that TGase positively facilitated the formation of the protein polymers. 30594623 3 9 theme presented 345:353 arg1 work 355:358 the presented work 341:358 the presented work 341:358 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 10 theme % 455:455 arg1 wt 457:458 0-15% wt 451:458 Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt 361:458 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 12 11 from effect 1345:1350 arg1 properties 1366:1375 mechanical properties 1355:1375 mechanical properties of WPC based film 1355:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 12 theme synergy 1337:1343 arg1 effect 1345:1350 a synergy effect 1335:1350 a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film 1335:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 3 13 dep TGase 379:383 arg1 wt 457:458 0-15% wt 451:458 Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt 361:458 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 13 dep TGase 379:383 arg1 work 355:358 the presented work 341:358 the presented work 341:358 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 9 14 theme maximal 1012:1018 arg1 value 1031:1035 a maximal elongation value 1010:1035 a maximal elongation value of 86.7% 1010:1044 The composite film achieved a maximal elongation value of 86.7% when TGase was added at 9 U/g of WPC. 30594623 3 15 theme nanocrystalline 418:432 arg1 cellulose 434:442 nanocrystalline cellulose 418:442 nanocrystalline cellulose 418:442 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 0 16 theme cellulose 108:116 arg1 coexistence 77:87 the coexistence 73:87 the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase 73:137 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 12 17 theme mechanical 1355:1364 arg1 properties 1366:1375 mechanical properties 1355:1375 mechanical properties of WPC based film 1355:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 4 18 theme transmittance 548:560 arg1 microstructures 615:629 microstructures 615:629 microstructures 615:629 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 4 18 theme transmittance 548:560 arg1 permeability 598:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 4 18 theme transmittance 548:560 arg1 properties 574:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 9 19 theme elongation 1020:1029 arg1 value 1031:1035 a maximal elongation value 1010:1035 a maximal elongation value of 86.7% 1010:1044 The composite film achieved a maximal elongation value of 86.7% when TGase was added at 9 U/g of WPC. 30594623 3 20 theme cellulose 434:442 arg1 NCC 445:447 NCC 445:447 NCC 445:447 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 20 theme cellulose 434:442 arg1 concentrations 400:413 different concentrations 390:413 different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose 390:442 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 20 theme cellulose 434:442 arg1 TGase 379:383 Transglutaminase (TGase) 361:384 Transglutaminase (TGase) 361:384 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 21 theme Transglutaminase 361:376 arg1 NCC 445:447 NCC 445:447 NCC 445:447 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 3 21 theme Transglutaminase 361:376 arg1 TGase 379:383 Transglutaminase (TGase) 361:384 Transglutaminase (TGase) 361:384 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 6 22 theme film 845:848 arg1 strength 823:830 The tensile strength 811:830 The tensile strength of composite film 811:848 The tensile strength of composite film increased from 1.3 to 3.15 MPa as NCC increased to 15% wt. 30594623 2 23 theme water 299:303 arg1 vapor 305:309 water vapor 299:309 water vapor 299:309 However, WPC films own the drawbacks on the barrier ability to water vapor and mechanical properties. 30594623 0 24 theme Mechanical 0:9 arg1 properties 11:20 Mechanical properties 0:20 Mechanical properties of whey protein 0:36 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 12 25 theme WPC-NCC 1418:1424 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 25 theme WPC-NCC 1418:1424 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 0 26 theme whey 25:28 arg1 protein 30:36 whey protein 25:36 whey protein 25:36 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 8 27 theme promoted 940:947 arg1 effect 949:954 a promoted effect 938:954 a promoted effect on mechanical properties 938:979 Moreover, TGase took a promoted effect on mechanical properties. 30594623 1 28 theme food 194:197 arg1 materials 209:217 food packaging materials 194:217 food packaging materials in recent years 194:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 28 theme food 194:197 arg1 Concentrate 153:163 Whey Protein Concentrate 140:163 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) 140:169 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 4 29 theme WPC-NCC 518:524 arg1 film 536:539 WPC-NCC composite film 518:539 WPC-NCC composite film 518:539 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 0 30 theme transglutaminase 122:137 arg1 coexistence 77:87 the coexistence 73:87 the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase 73:137 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 6 31 theme composite 835:843 arg1 film 845:848 composite film 835:848 composite film 835:848 The tensile strength of composite film increased from 1.3 to 3.15 MPa as NCC increased to 15% wt. 30594623 2 32 theme barrier 280:286 arg1 ability 288:294 the barrier ability 276:294 the barrier ability 276:294 However, WPC films own the drawbacks on the barrier ability to water vapor and mechanical properties. 30594623 9 33 theme % 1044:1044 arg1 value 1031:1035 a maximal elongation value 1010:1035 a maximal elongation value of 86.7% 1010:1044 The composite film achieved a maximal elongation value of 86.7% when TGase was added at 9 U/g of WPC. 30594623 1 34 theme packaging 199:207 arg1 materials 209:217 food packaging materials 194:217 food packaging materials in recent years 194:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 34 theme packaging 199:207 arg1 Concentrate 153:163 Whey Protein Concentrate 140:163 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) 140:169 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 5 35 theme protein 733:739 arg1 network 741:747 the protein network 729:747 the protein network blended with WPC 729:764 Results illustrated that NCC as fillers in the protein network blended with WPC markedly improved the mechanical properties. 30594623 12 36 dep suggest 1308:1314 arg1 have 1330:1333 have 1330:1333 suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film 1308:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 37 theme composite 1426:1434 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 37 theme composite 1426:1434 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 5 38 from NCC 711:713 arg1 network 741:747 the protein network 729:747 the protein network blended with WPC 729:764 Results illustrated that NCC as fillers in the protein network blended with WPC markedly improved the mechanical properties. 30594623 0 39 theme protein 30:36 arg1 properties 11:20 Mechanical properties 0:20 Mechanical properties of whey protein 0:36 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 6 40 theme % 903:903 arg1 wt 905:906 15% wt 901:906 15% wt 901:906 The tensile strength of composite film increased from 1.3 to 3.15 MPa as NCC increased to 15% wt. 30594623 3 41 theme different 390:398 arg1 concentrations 400:413 different concentrations 390:413 different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose 390:442 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 1 42 from materials 209:217 arg1 years 229:233 recent years 222:233 recent years 222:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 4 43 theme vapor 592:596 arg1 permeability 598:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 4 43 theme vapor 592:596 arg1 properties 574:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 6 44 theme 15 901:902 arg1 % 903:903 % 903:903 % 903:903 The tensile strength of composite film increased from 1.3 to 3.15 MPa as NCC increased to 15% wt. 30594623 6 45 theme tensile 815:821 arg1 strength 823:830 The tensile strength 811:830 The tensile strength of composite film 811:848 The tensile strength of composite film increased from 1.3 to 3.15 MPa as NCC increased to 15% wt. 30594623 4 46 theme WPC 675:677 arg1 films 679:683 WPC films 675:683 WPC films 675:683 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 0 47 theme based 50:54 arg1 film 56:59 based film 50:59 based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase 50:137 Mechanical properties of whey protein concentrate based film improved by the coexistence of nanocrystalline cellulose and transglutaminase. 30594623 4 48 theme WPC 496:498 arg1 matrix 500:505 the WPC matrix 492:505 the WPC matrix 492:505 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 2 49 theme mechanical 315:324 arg1 properties 326:335 mechanical properties 315:335 mechanical properties 315:335 However, WPC films own the drawbacks on the barrier ability to water vapor and mechanical properties. 30594623 2 50 from drawbacks 263:271 arg1 ability 288:294 the barrier ability 276:294 the barrier ability 276:294 However, WPC films own the drawbacks on the barrier ability to water vapor and mechanical properties. 30594623 12 51 theme film 1390:1393 arg1 properties 1366:1375 mechanical properties 1355:1375 mechanical properties of WPC based film 1355:1393 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 52 theme alternative 1462:1472 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 52 theme alternative 1462:1472 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 1 53 theme Whey 140:143 arg1 materials 209:217 food packaging materials 194:217 food packaging materials in recent years 194:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 53 theme Whey 140:143 arg1 WPC 166:168 WPC 166:168 WPC 166:168 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 53 theme Whey 140:143 arg1 Concentrate 153:163 Whey Protein Concentrate 140:163 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) 140:169 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 10 54 theme protein 1158:1164 arg1 polymers 1166:1173 the protein polymers 1154:1173 the protein polymers 1154:1173 SDS-PAGE confirmed that TGase positively facilitated the formation of the protein polymers. 30594623 1 55 theme recent 222:227 arg1 years 229:233 recent years 222:233 recent years 222:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 11 56 theme FTIR 1176:1179 arg1 analysis 1181:1188 FTIR analysis 1176:1188 FTIR analysis 1176:1188 FTIR analysis observed conformational changes caused by TGase in the films and implied the interaction between WPC and NCC. 30594623 12 57 theme TGase-crosslinked 1400:1416 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 57 theme TGase-crosslinked 1400:1416 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 58 link TGase-crosslinked 1400:1416 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 58 link TGase-crosslinked 1400:1416 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 1 59 theme Protein 145:151 arg1 materials 209:217 food packaging materials 194:217 food packaging materials in recent years 194:233 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 59 theme Protein 145:151 arg1 WPC 166:168 WPC 166:168 WPC 166:168 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 1 59 theme Protein 145:151 arg1 Concentrate 153:163 Whey Protein Concentrate 140:163 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) 140:169 Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) has been researched as food packaging materials in recent years. 30594623 3 60 theme 0-15 451:454 arg1 % 455:455 % 455:455 % 455:455 In the presented work, Transglutaminase (TGase) and different concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) (0-15% wt. 30594623 4 61 dep transmittance 548:560 arg1 mechanical 563:572 mechanical 563:572 mechanical 563:572 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 2 62 theme WPC 245:247 arg1 films 249:253 WPC films 245:253 WPC films 245:253 However, WPC films own the drawbacks on the barrier ability to water vapor and mechanical properties. 30594623 4 63 theme water 586:590 arg1 permeability 598:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 water vapor permeability 586:609 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 4 63 theme water 586:590 arg1 properties 574:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 their transmittance, mechanical properties 542:583 of WPC) were incorporated into the WPC matrix to prepare WPC-NCC composite film, their transmittance, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and microstructures were investigated and compared with that of WPC films. 30594623 8 64 from effect 949:954 arg1 properties 970:979 mechanical properties 959:979 mechanical properties 959:979 Moreover, TGase took a promoted effect on mechanical properties. 30594623 9 65 theme WPC 1079:1081 arg1 9 U/g 1070:1074 9 U/g 1070:1074 9 U/g of WPC 1070:1081 The composite film achieved a maximal elongation value of 86.7% when TGase was added at 9 U/g of WPC. 30594623 12 66 theme packaging 1474:1482 arg1 film 1436:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film 1400:1439 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 30594623 12 66 theme packaging 1474:1482 arg1 material 1484:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 an alternative packaging material 1459:1491 Results suggest NCC and TGase have a synergy effect on mechanical properties of WPC based film, and TGase-crosslinked WPC-NCC composite film can be applied as an alternative packaging material. 29935241 0 0 theme mechanical 86:95 arg1 properties 97:106 barrier and mechanical properties 74:106 properties 97:106 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 5 1 theme starch 1200:1205 arg1 gelatinization 1207:1220 starch gelatinization 1200:1220 starch gelatinization 1200:1220 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 2 2 theme extraction 535:544 arg1 steps 546:550 the consecutive extraction steps 519:550 the consecutive extraction steps 519:550 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 3 3 theme pure 567:570 arg1 films 588:592 pure lignocellulosic films 567:592 pure lignocellulosic films 567:592 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 0 4 from Potential 0:8 arg1 oceanica 54:61 Posidonia oceanica 44:61 Posidonia oceanica 44:61 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 5 5 from effect 1190:1195 arg1 gelatinization 1207:1220 starch gelatinization 1200:1220 starch gelatinization 1200:1220 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 6 from valorization 167:178 arg1 oceanica 207:214 oceanica 207:214 oceanica 207:214 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 5 7 from % 1045:1045 arg1 modulus 1031:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 7 from % 1045:1045 arg1 strength 1062:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 8 theme interest 281:288 arg1 fractions 268:276 lignocellulosic fractions 252:276 lignocellulosic fractions of interest 252:288 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 5 9 theme % 1045:1045 arg1 increase 1000:1007 an increase 997:1007 an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength 997:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 10 from strength 1062:1069 arg1 increase 1000:1007 an increase 997:1007 an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength 997:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 0 11 theme packaging 121:129 arg1 materials 131:139 bio-based packaging materials 111:139 bio-based packaging materials 111:139 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 0 12 from oceanica 54:61 arg1 Potential 0:8 Potential 0:8 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica 0:61 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 0 12 from oceanica 54:61 arg1 fractions 29:37 lignocellulosic fractions 13:37 lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica 13:61 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 5 13 theme elastic 1023:1029 arg1 modulus 1031:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 14 theme optimum 937:943 arg1 improvement 945:955 the optimum improvement 933:955 the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties 933:989 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 15 from increase 1000:1007 arg1 modulus 1031:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 15 from increase 1000:1007 arg1 strength 1062:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 0 16 theme bio-based 111:119 arg1 materials 131:139 bio-based packaging materials 111:139 bio-based packaging materials 111:139 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 4 17 contain containing 778:787 arg2 fractions 805:813 lignocellulosic fractions 789:813 lignocellulosic fractions 789:813 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 4 17 contain containing 778:787 arg1 films 772:776 composite starch films 755:776 composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions 755:813 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 5 18 from % 1014:1014 arg1 modulus 1031:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 the elastic modulus 1019:1037 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 18 from % 1014:1014 arg1 strength 1062:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 19 theme residues 183:190 arg1 valorization 167:178 the valorization 163:178 the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging 163:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 2 20 theme thermal 495:501 arg1 stability 503:511 thermal stability 495:511 thermal stability 495:511 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 3 21 theme pure 634:637 arg1 film 649:652 the pure cellulose film 630:652 the pure cellulose film 630:652 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 5 22 theme least 1145:1149 arg1 fractions 1160:1168 the least purified fractions 1141:1168 the least purified fractions 1141:1168 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 23 theme mechanical 969:978 arg1 properties 980:989 mechanical properties 969:989 mechanical properties 969:989 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 3 24 theme cellulose 639:647 arg1 film 649:652 the pure cellulose film 630:652 the pure cellulose film 630:652 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 4 25 theme starch 765:770 arg1 films 772:776 composite starch films 755:776 composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions 755:813 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 0 26 theme fractions 29:37 arg1 Potential 0:8 Potential 0:8 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica 0:61 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 5 27 theme additive 917:924 arg1 cellulose 907:915 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 0 28 theme lignocellulosic 13:27 arg1 fractions 29:37 lignocellulosic fractions 13:37 lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica 13:61 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 0 29 theme materials 131:139 arg1 properties 97:106 barrier and mechanical properties 74:106 properties 97:106 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 4 30 theme melt 833:836 arg1 compounding 838:848 melt compounding 833:848 melt compounding 833:848 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 4 31 theme composite 755:763 arg1 films 772:776 composite starch films 755:776 composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions 755:813 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 2 32 theme consecutive 523:533 arg1 steps 546:550 the consecutive extraction steps 519:550 the consecutive extraction steps 519:550 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 1 33 theme bio-based 313:321 arg1 materials 323:331 bio-based materials 313:331 bio-based materials for food packaging 313:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 3 34 theme water 720:724 arg1 permeability 732:743 water vapor permeability 720:743 water vapor permeability 720:743 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 5 35 theme similar 1073:1079 arg1 reduction 1106:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction 1073:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) 1073:1121 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 35 theme similar 1073:1079 arg1 % 1120:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 36 theme properties 980:989 arg1 terms 960:964 terms 960:964 terms of mechanical properties 960:989 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 37 theme materials 323:331 arg1 development 298:308 the development 294:308 the development of bio-based materials for food packaging 294:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 3 38 theme mechanical 693:702 arg1 performance 704:714 mechanical performance 693:714 mechanical performance 693:714 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 3 39 theme best 665:668 arg1 properties 670:679 the best properties 661:679 the best properties 661:679 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 5 40 from improvement 945:955 arg1 terms 960:964 terms 960:964 terms of mechanical properties 960:989 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 2 41 theme cellulose 442:450 arg1 purification 426:437 the purification 422:437 the purification of cellulose 422:450 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 3 42 theme performance 704:714 arg1 terms 684:688 terms 684:688 terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability 684:743 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 5 43 theme vapor 1087:1091 arg1 reduction 1106:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction 1073:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) 1073:1121 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 43 theme vapor 1087:1091 arg1 % 1120:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 44 theme purified 1151:1158 arg1 fractions 1160:1168 the least purified fractions 1141:1168 the least purified fractions 1141:1168 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 4 45 theme lignocellulosic 789:803 arg1 fractions 805:813 lignocellulosic fractions 789:813 lignocellulosic fractions 789:813 Finally, composite starch films containing lignocellulosic fractions were developed by melt compounding and characterized. 29935241 1 46 theme food 337:340 arg1 packaging 342:350 food packaging 337:350 food packaging 337:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 5 47 theme permeability 1093:1104 arg1 reduction 1106:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction 1073:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) 1073:1121 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 47 theme permeability 1093:1104 arg1 % 1120:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 48 from oceanica 207:214 arg1 residues 183:190 residues 183:190 residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging 183:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 1 48 from oceanica 207:214 arg1 valorization 167:178 the valorization 163:178 the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging 163:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 2 49 theme lignocellulosic 357:371 arg1 fractions 373:381 The lignocellulosic fractions 353:381 The lignocellulosic fractions 353:381 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 5 50 from modulus 1031:1037 arg1 increase 1000:1007 an increase 997:1007 an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength 997:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 51 contain containing 887:896 arg2 cellulose 907:915 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 51 contain containing 887:896 arg1 film 882:885 the film 878:885 the film containing the pure cellulose additive 878:924 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 52 theme tensile 1054:1060 arg1 strength 1062:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 the tensile strength 1050:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 53 theme water 1081:1085 arg1 reduction 1106:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction 1073:1114 similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) 1073:1121 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 53 theme water 1081:1085 arg1 % 1120:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 ~40% 1117:1120 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 5 54 theme % 1014:1014 arg1 increase 1000:1007 an increase 997:1007 an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength 997:1069 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 3 55 theme vapor 726:730 arg1 permeability 732:743 water vapor permeability 720:743 water vapor permeability 720:743 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 0 56 theme barrier 74:80 arg1 properties 97:106 barrier and mechanical properties 74:106 properties 97:106 Potential of lignocellulosic fractions from Posidonia oceanica to improve barrier and mechanical properties of bio-based packaging materials. 29935241 3 57 theme permeability 732:743 arg1 terms 684:688 terms 684:688 terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability 684:743 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 1 58 dep oceanica 207:214 arg1 leaves 216:221 leaves 216:221 leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging 216:350 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29935241 3 59 theme lignocellulosic 572:586 arg1 films 588:592 pure lignocellulosic films 567:592 pure lignocellulosic films 567:592 Subsequently, pure lignocellulosic films were obtained and characterized and the pure cellulose film showed the best properties in terms of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability. 29935241 2 60 from increases 464:472 arg1 crystallinity 477:489 crystallinity 477:489 crystallinity 477:489 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 2 60 from increases 464:472 arg1 stability 503:511 thermal stability 495:511 thermal stability 495:511 The lignocellulosic fractions were characterized, thereby confirming the purification of cellulose and showing increases in crystallinity and thermal stability after the consecutive extraction steps. 29935241 5 61 theme pure 902:905 arg1 cellulose 907:915 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 the pure cellulose additive 898:924 Although the film containing the pure cellulose additive showed the optimum improvement in terms of mechanical properties (with an increase of 85% in the elastic modulus and 38% in the tensile strength), similar water vapor permeability reduction (~40%) was achieved with the least purified fractions, explained by their effect on starch gelatinization, as evidenced by SAXS/WAXS. 29935241 1 62 theme lignocellulosic 252:266 arg1 fractions 268:276 lignocellulosic fractions 252:276 lignocellulosic fractions of interest 252:288 This work reports on the valorization of residues from Posidonia oceanica leaves for the purpose of obtaining lignocellulosic fractions of interest for the development of bio-based materials for food packaging. 29525144 1 0 theme oligo- 150:155 arg1 determination 133:145 the structural determination 118:145 the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides 118:176 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 4 1 theme careful 624:630 arg1 attention 632:640 careful attention 624:640 careful attention to detail 624:650 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 5 2 theme comprehensive 1011:1023 arg1 data 1025:1028 the comprehensive data 1007:1028 the comprehensive data required for reviewers 1007:1051 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 3 3 theme linkage 392:398 arg1 positions 400:408 The linkage positions 388:408 The linkage positions for each component sugar 388:433 The linkage positions for each component sugar can be determined by correctly identifying the partially methylated alditol acetates. 29525144 1 4 theme Glycosyl 59:66 arg1 analysis 90:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 1 5 theme linkage 68:74 arg1 analysis 90:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 5 6 dep providing 997:1005 arg1 b 991:991 b 991:991 b 991:991 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 5 7 dep details 837:843 arg1 the 823:825 the 823:825 the 823:825 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 2 8 theme alditol 296:302 arg1 acetates 304:311 partially methylated alditol acetates 275:311 partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 275:385 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 1 9 theme poly-saccharides 161:176 arg1 determination 133:145 the structural determination 118:145 the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides 118:176 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 5 10 dep interpreting 958:969 arg1 a 950:950 a 950:950 a 950:950 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 2 11 theme methylated 285:294 arg1 acetates 304:311 partially methylated alditol acetates 275:311 partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 275:385 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 3 12 theme component 419:427 arg1 sugar 429:433 each component sugar 414:433 each component sugar 414:433 The linkage positions for each component sugar can be determined by correctly identifying the partially methylated alditol acetates. 29525144 0 13 theme Methylation 0:10 arg1 analysis 12:19 Methylation analysis 0:19 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides 0:38 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides: Technical advice. 29525144 4 14 theme methylation 717:727 arg1 analysis 729:736 a successful methylation analysis 704:736 a successful methylation analysis 704:736 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 0 15 theme polysaccharides 24:38 arg1 analysis 12:19 Methylation analysis 0:19 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides 0:38 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides: Technical advice. 29525144 5 16 theme procedural 858:867 arg1 steps 869:873 critical procedural steps 849:873 critical procedural steps 849:873 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 5 17 dep researchers 937:947 arg1 providing 997:1005 providing 997:1005 providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work 997:1076 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 5 17 dep researchers 937:947 arg1 interpreting 958:969 interpreting 958:969 interpreting data correctly 958:984 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 5 18 theme necessary 875:883 arg1 details 837:843 technical details 827:843 technical details 827:843 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 0 19 theme Technical 41:49 arg1 advice 51:56 Technical advice 41:56 Technical advice 41:56 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides: Technical advice. 29525144 5 20 theme successful 891:900 arg1 analysis 914:921 a successful methylation analysis 889:921 a successful methylation analysis 889:921 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 3 21 theme methylated 492:501 arg1 acetates 511:518 the partially methylated alditol acetates 478:518 the partially methylated alditol acetates 478:518 The linkage positions for each component sugar can be determined by correctly identifying the partially methylated alditol acetates. 29525144 4 22 theme successful 706:715 arg1 analysis 729:736 a successful methylation analysis 704:736 a successful methylation analysis 704:736 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 4 23 theme many 574:577 arg1 aspects 589:595 many technical aspects 574:595 many technical aspects to this procedure 574:613 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 5 24 theme technical 827:835 arg1 details 837:843 technical details 827:843 technical details 827:843 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 0 25 dep advice 51:56 arg1 analysis 12:19 Methylation analysis 0:19 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides 0:38 Methylation analysis of polysaccharides: Technical advice. 29525144 3 26 theme alditol 503:509 arg1 acetates 511:518 the partially methylated alditol acetates 478:518 the partially methylated alditol acetates 478:518 The linkage positions for each component sugar can be determined by correctly identifying the partially methylated alditol acetates. 29525144 2 27 theme component 235:243 arg1 sugars 245:250 the individual component sugars 220:250 the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide 220:270 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 1 28 used used 102:105 arg2 analysis 90:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 2 29 theme individual 224:233 arg1 sugars 245:250 the individual component sugars 220:250 the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide 220:270 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 2 30 theme chromatography-mass 354:372 arg1 spectrometry 374:385 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 350:385 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 350:385 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 4 31 theme technical 579:587 arg1 aspects 589:595 many technical aspects 574:595 many technical aspects to this procedure 574:613 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 4 32 dep considerable 656:667 arg1 experience 669:678 experience 669:678 experience 669:678 Although the methods are well established, there are many technical aspects to this procedure and both careful attention to detail and considerable experience are required to achieve a successful methylation analysis and to correctly interpret the data generated. 29525144 2 33 theme sugars 245:250 arg1 derivatisation 202:215 derivatisation 202:215 derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 202:385 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 2 34 theme gas 350:352 arg1 spectrometry 374:385 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 350:385 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 350:385 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 1 35 theme methylation 77:87 arg1 analysis 90:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis 59:97 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 1 36 theme structural 122:131 arg1 determination 133:145 the structural determination 118:145 the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides 118:176 Glycosyl linkage (methylation) analysis is used widely for the structural determination of oligo- and poly-saccharides. 29525144 5 37 theme article 801:807 arg1 aim 789:791 The aim 785:791 The aim of this article 785:807 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 5 38 theme methylation 902:912 arg1 analysis 914:921 a successful methylation analysis 889:921 a successful methylation analysis 889:921 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29525144 2 39 theme polysaccharide 257:270 arg1 sugars 245:250 the individual component sugars 220:250 the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide 220:270 The procedure involves derivatisation of the individual component sugars of a polysaccharide to partially methylated alditol acetates which are analysed and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29525144 5 40 theme critical 849:856 arg1 steps 869:873 critical procedural steps 849:873 critical procedural steps 849:873 The aim of this article is to provide the technical details and critical procedural steps necessary for a successful methylation analysis and to assist researchers (a) with interpreting data correctly and (b) in providing the comprehensive data required for reviewers to fully assess the work. 29333930 0 0 from analysis 15:22 arg1 child 68:72 an extensively burned child 46:72 an extensively burned child 46:72 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 0 0 from analysis 15:22 arg1 years 78:82 14 years 75:82 14 years after application 75:100 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 4 1 theme full-thickness 647:660 arg1 loss 667:670 a full-thickness skin loss 645:670 a full-thickness skin loss 645:670 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 1 2 theme Artificial 131:140 arg1 skin 142:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin 118:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin 118:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 5 3 theme surface 824:830 arg1 area 832:835 his body surface area 815:835 his body surface area 815:835 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 8 4 from differences 1245:1255 arg1 microstructure 1260:1273 microstructure 1260:1273 microstructure 1260:1273 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 2 5 theme Matrix 321:326 arg1 Dressing 334:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 8 6 dep CONCLUSION 1100:1109 arg1 results 1162:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results 1119:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1119:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 1 7 dep extensive 185:193 arg1 full-thickness 196:209 full-thickness 196:209 full-thickness 196:209 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 7 8 theme Histological 889:900 arg1 analysis 902:909 Histological analysis 889:909 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound 889:1004 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 2 9 theme process 266:272 arg1 years 395:399 at around five years 380:399 at around five years 380:399 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 2 9 theme process 266:272 arg1 follow-up 241:249 The longest follow-up 229:249 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 229:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 2 10 from sites 282:286 arg1 years 395:399 at around five years 380:399 at around five years 380:399 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 2 10 from sites 282:286 arg1 follow-up 241:249 The longest follow-up 229:249 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 229:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 3 11 theme extensive 497:505 arg1 injury 531:536 an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 494:536 injury 531:536 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 8 12 dep long-term 1143:1151 arg1 clinical 1153:1160 clinical 1153:1160 clinical 1153:1160 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 2 13 theme healing 258:264 arg1 process 266:272 the healing process 254:272 the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 254:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 2 14 theme Wound 328:332 arg1 Dressing 334:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 3 15 from treatment 555:563 arg1 analysis 482:489 the clinical and histological analysis 452:489 the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing 452:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 8 16 theme important 1235:1243 arg1 differences 1245:1255 important differences 1235:1255 important differences in microstructure 1235:1273 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 5 17 theme body 819:822 arg1 area 832:835 his body surface area 815:835 his body surface area 815:835 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 7 18 theme double-layered 1015:1028 arg1 composition 1035:1045 a double-layered skin composition 1013:1045 a double-layered skin composition 1013:1045 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 3 19 theme case 427:430 arg1 report 432:437 our case report 423:437 our case report 423:437 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 5 20 used used 771:774 arg2 dressing 758:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 8 21 theme bilayer 1195:1201 arg1 dressing 1216:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 5 22 theme his 815:817 arg1 area 832:835 his body surface area 815:835 his body surface area 815:835 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 5 23 theme bilayer 737:743 arg1 dressing 758:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 8 24 theme physiological 1298:1310 arg1 condition 1312:1320 the physiological condition 1294:1320 the physiological condition 1294:1320 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 4 25 theme fire 718:721 arg1 accident 723:730 a fire accident 716:730 a fire accident 716:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 0 26 theme histological 2:13 arg1 analysis 15:22 A histological analysis 0:22 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 0:116 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 3 27 with treatment 555:563 arg1 dressing 595:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 3 28 theme thermal 523:529 arg1 injury 531:536 an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 494:536 injury 531:536 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 4 29 theme nine-year-old 618:630 arg1 boy 632:634 A nine-year-old boy 616:634 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy 605:634 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 5 30 theme matrix 745:750 arg1 dressing 758:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 3 31 theme full-thickness 508:521 arg1 injury 531:536 an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 494:536 injury 531:536 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 3 32 theme injury 531:536 arg1 years 541:545 an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years 494:545 an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years 494:545 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 4 33 theme area 701:704 arg1 area 701:704 his body surface area 684:704 his body surface area following a fire accident 684:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 4 33 theme area 701:704 arg1 % 679:679 85% 677:679 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident 677:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 5 34 theme wound 752:756 arg1 dressing 758:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing 733:765 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 0 35 theme a 103:103 arg1 report 110:115 a case report 103:115 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 0:116 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 2 36 theme burn 277:280 arg1 sites 282:286 burn sites 277:286 burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 277:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 7 37 theme skin 1030:1033 arg1 composition 1035:1045 a double-layered skin composition 1013:1045 a double-layered skin composition 1013:1045 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 8 38 theme wound 1210:1214 arg1 dressing 1216:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 7 39 theme dermis 1092:1097 arg1 component 1075:1083 the fibrous component 1063:1083 the fibrous component of the dermis 1063:1097 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 4 40 theme surface 693:699 arg1 area 701:704 his body surface area 684:704 his body surface area following a fire accident 684:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 3 41 theme clinical 456:463 arg1 analysis 482:489 the clinical and histological analysis 452:489 the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing 452:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 2 42 from follow-up 241:249 arg1 sites 282:286 burn sites 277:286 burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 277:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 1 43 theme choice 175:180 arg1 treatment 162:170 the treatment 158:170 the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 158:226 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 0 44 theme skin 38:41 arg1 analysis 15:22 A histological analysis 0:22 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 0:116 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 4 45 theme skin 662:665 arg1 loss 667:670 a full-thickness skin loss 645:670 a full-thickness skin loss 645:670 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 7 46 theme dressing 982:989 arg1 application 942:952 the application 938:952 the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound 938:1004 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 6 47 dep Cosmetic 838:845 arg1 results 862:868 results 862:868 results 862:868 Cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. 29333930 8 48 theme matrix 1203:1208 arg1 dressing 1216:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1191:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 0 49 theme artificial 27:36 arg1 skin 38:41 artificial skin 27:41 artificial skin 27:41 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 0 50 theme case 105:108 arg1 report 110:115 a case report 103:115 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 0:116 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 3 51 theme matrix 582:587 arg1 dressing 595:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 1 52 theme extensive 185:193 arg1 injuries 219:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 7 53 theme matrix 969:974 arg1 dressing 982:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 3 54 theme wound 589:593 arg1 dressing 595:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 3 55 theme bilayer 574:580 arg1 dressing 595:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 570:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 2 56 theme Bilayer 313:319 arg1 Dressing 334:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 7 57 theme fibrous 1067:1073 arg1 component 1075:1083 the fibrous component 1063:1083 the fibrous component of the dermis 1063:1097 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 7 58 from changes 1052:1058 arg1 component 1075:1083 the fibrous component 1063:1083 the fibrous component of the dermis 1063:1097 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 7 59 theme wound 976:980 arg1 dressing 982:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 3 60 theme years 541:545 arg1 analysis 482:489 the clinical and histological analysis 452:489 the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing 452:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 2 61 theme Integra 305:311 arg1 Dressing 334:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing 301:341 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 8 62 theme satisfactory 1119:1130 arg1 results 1162:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results 1119:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1119:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 8 63 from applications 1175:1186 arg1 results 1162:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results 1119:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1119:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 5 64 theme area 832:835 arg1 area 832:835 his body surface area 815:835 his body surface area 815:835 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 5 64 theme area 832:835 arg1 % 810:810 30% 808:810 30% of his body surface area 808:835 The bilayer matrix wound dressing was used on both legs and covered almost 30% of his body surface area. 29333930 4 65 theme body 688:691 arg1 area 701:704 his body surface area 684:704 his body surface area following a fire accident 684:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 7 66 theme bilayer 961:967 arg1 dressing 982:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 the bilayer matrix wound dressing 957:989 Histological analysis performed nine years after the application of the bilayer matrix wound dressing onto the wound showed a double-layered skin composition with changes in the fibrous component of the dermis. 29333930 0 67 dep analysis 15:22 arg1 report 110:115 a case report 103:115 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 0:116 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 4 68 theme his 684:686 arg1 area 701:704 his body surface area 684:704 his body surface area following a fire accident 684:730 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 3 69 theme histological 469:480 arg1 analysis 482:489 the clinical and histological analysis 452:489 the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing 452:602 In our case report, we describe the clinical and histological analysis of an extensive, full-thickness thermal injury 14 years on from treatment with the bilayer matrix wound dressing. 29333930 2 70 from process 266:272 arg1 sites 282:286 burn sites 277:286 burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 277:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 8 71 theme long-term 1143:1151 arg1 results 1162:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results 1119:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1119:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 0 72 theme burned 61:66 arg1 child 68:72 an extensively burned child 46:72 an extensively burned child 46:72 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 0 72 theme burned 61:66 arg1 years 78:82 14 years 75:82 14 years after application 75:100 A histological analysis of artificial skin in an extensively burned child, 14 years after application: a case report. 29333930 8 73 theme dressing 1216:1223 arg1 applications 1175:1186 applications 1175:1186 applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1175:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 4 74 dep STUDY 610:614 arg1 boy 632:634 A nine-year-old boy 616:634 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy 605:634 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 1 75 from treatment 162:170 arg1 injuries 219:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 4 76 theme CASE 605:608 arg1 STUDY 610:614 CASE STUDY 605:614 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy 605:634 CASE STUDY A nine-year-old boy suffered a full-thickness skin loss over 85% of his body surface area following a fire accident. 29333930 1 77 theme thermal 211:217 arg1 injuries 219:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries 185:226 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 8 78 theme short- 1132:1137 arg1 results 1162:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results 1119:1168 satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing 1119:1223 CONCLUSION Despite satisfactory short- and long-term clinical results from applications of the bilayer matrix wound dressing, we found important differences in microstructure when compared with the physiological condition. 29333930 1 79 theme INTRODUCTION 118:129 arg1 skin 142:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin 118:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin 118:145 INTRODUCTION Artificial skin has become the treatment of choice in extensive, full-thickness thermal injuries. 29333930 2 80 theme longest 233:239 arg1 years 395:399 at around five years 380:399 at around five years 380:399 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 29333930 2 80 theme longest 233:239 arg1 follow-up 241:249 The longest follow-up 229:249 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date 229:374 The longest follow-up of the healing process in burn sites covered with the Integra Bilayer Matrix Wound Dressing onto the wound published to date was at around five years after application. 31779492 6 0 theme hyaluronic 1130:1139 arg1 acid 1153:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 0 theme hyaluronic 1130:1139 arg1 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 4 1 theme extracellular 579:591 arg1 composition 601:611 specific extracellular protein composition 570:611 specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture 570:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 10 2 theme volume 1782:1787 arg1 fraction 1789:1796 an increased volume fraction 1769:1796 an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle 1769:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 11 3 from children 1916:1923 arg1 adaptation 1871:1880 a novel adaptation 1863:1880 a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function 1863:2058 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 11 4 with children 1916:1923 arg1 palsy 1939:1943 cerebral palsy 1930:1943 cerebral palsy 1930:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 1 5 theme cerebral 175:182 arg1 palsy 184:188 cerebral palsy 175:188 cerebral palsy 175:188 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 11 6 theme novel 1865:1869 arg1 adaptation 1871:1880 a novel adaptation 1863:1880 a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function 1863:2058 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 0 7 with patients 100:107 arg1 palsy 123:127 cerebral palsy 114:127 cerebral palsy 114:127 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 4 8 theme developing 645:654 arg1 muscles 662:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 5 9 theme cerebral 873:880 arg1 palsy 882:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 11 10 theme extracellular 1892:1904 arg1 matrix 1906:1911 muscle extracellular matrix 1885:1911 muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy 1885:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 9 11 theme variance 1516:1523 arg1 degree 1506:1511 a greater degree 1496:1511 a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups 1496:1556 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 9 12 with relationship 1584:1595 arg1 palsy 1654:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 11 13 theme mechanical 2040:2049 arg1 function 2051:2058 mechanical function 2040:2058 mechanical function 2040:2058 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 5 14 theme cruciate 983:990 arg1 reconstruction 1001:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 4 15 theme extracellular 703:715 arg1 architecture 724:735 extracellular matrix architecture 703:735 extracellular matrix architecture 703:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 3 16 theme collagen 419:426 arg1 types 428:432 collagen types 419:432 collagen types 419:432 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 5 17 theme developing 943:952 arg1 children 954:961 typically developing children 933:961 typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 933:1014 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 5 18 with children 954:961 arg1 palsy 882:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 4 19 theme architecture 724:735 arg1 aspects 692:698 structural aspects 681:698 structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture 681:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 0 20 theme muscle 77:82 arg1 stiffness 55:63 the stiffness 51:63 the stiffness of skeletal muscle 51:82 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 1 21 with children 161:168 arg1 palsy 184:188 cerebral palsy 175:188 cerebral palsy 175:188 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 7 22 theme pyridinoline 1252:1263 arg1 crosslinks 1265:1274 pyridinoline crosslinks 1252:1274 pyridinoline crosslinks 1252:1274 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 6 23 theme collagen 1062:1069 arg1 I 1077:1077 I 1077:1077 I 1077:1077 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 23 theme collagen 1062:1069 arg1 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 23 theme collagen 1062:1069 arg1 IV 1085:1086 IV 1085:1086 IV 1085:1086 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 23 theme collagen 1062:1069 arg1 types 1071:1075 collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking 1062:1182 collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking 1062:1182 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 23 theme collagen 1062:1069 arg1 III 1080:1082 III 1080:1082 III 1080:1082 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 11 24 from alterations 1959:1969 arg1 structure 2019:2027 structure 2019:2027 structure 2019:2027 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 11 24 from alterations 1959:1969 arg1 composition 2003:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 6 25 dep proteoglycan 1097:1108 arg1 VI 1093:1094 VI 1093:1094 VI 1093:1094 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 11 26 theme matrix 1988:1993 arg1 composition 2003:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 9 27 theme extracellular 1605:1617 arg1 matrix 1619:1624 extracellular matrix 1605:1624 extracellular matrix 1605:1624 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 0 28 theme skeletal 68:75 arg1 muscle 77:82 skeletal muscle 68:82 skeletal muscle 68:82 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 10 29 theme significant 1704:1714 arg1 increase 1716:1723 a significant increase 1702:1723 a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables 1702:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 7 30 theme cerebral 1226:1233 arg1 palsy 1235:1239 cerebral palsy 1226:1239 cerebral palsy 1226:1239 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 1 31 theme developing 285:294 arg1 children 296:303 typically developing children 275:303 typically developing children 275:303 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 0 32 theme extracellular 16:28 arg1 components 37:46 extracellular matrix components 16:46 extracellular matrix components 16:46 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 8 33 theme negative 1423:1430 arg1 predictor 1432:1440 a negative predictor 1421:1440 a negative predictor of stiffness 1421:1453 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 8 33 theme negative 1423:1430 arg1 biglycan 1408:1415 biglycan 1408:1415 biglycan 1408:1415 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 3 34 theme matrix 457:462 arg1 proteins 464:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 7 35 theme collagen 1198:1205 arg1 types 1207:1211  All collagen types 1193:1211  All collagen types 1193:1211 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 0 36 theme components 37:46 arg1 Contribution 0:11 Contribution 0:11 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle 0:82 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 3 37 from proteins 464:471 arg1 muscles 482:488 these muscles 476:488 these muscles 476:488 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 10 38 theme increased 1772:1780 arg1 fraction 1789:1796 an increased volume fraction 1769:1796 an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle 1769:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 10 39 theme fibroblasts 1801:1811 arg1 increase 1716:1723 a significant increase 1702:1723 a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables 1702:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 10 39 theme fibroblasts 1801:1811 arg1 fraction 1789:1796 an increased volume fraction 1769:1796 an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle 1769:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 5 40 theme lengthening 906:916 arg1 procedures 918:927 muscle lengthening procedures 899:927 muscle lengthening procedures 899:927 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 6 41 theme acid/uronic 1141:1151 arg1 acid 1153:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 41 theme acid/uronic 1141:1151 arg1 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 1 42 theme collagen 253:260 arg1 content 262:268 higher collagen content 246:268 higher collagen content 246:268 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 4 43 theme specific 570:577 arg1 composition 601:611 specific extracellular protein composition 570:611 specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture 570:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 11 44 from matrix 1906:1911 arg1 children 1916:1923 children 1916:1923 children with cerebral palsy 1916:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 8 45 theme total 1357:1361 arg1 proteoglycan 1363:1374 total proteoglycan 1357:1374 total proteoglycan 1357:1374 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 4 46 theme protein 593:599 arg1 composition 601:611 specific extracellular protein composition 570:611 specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture 570:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 10 47 theme CP 1816:1817 arg1 muscle 1819:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 5 48 theme muscle 899:904 arg1 procedures 918:927 muscle lengthening procedures 899:927 muscle lengthening procedures 899:927 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 10 49 from fraction 1789:1796 arg1 muscle 1819:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 10 49 from fraction 1789:1796 arg1 fibrils 1737:1743 collagen fibrils 1728:1743 collagen fibrils organized in cables 1728:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 9 50 with stiffness 1630:1638 arg1 palsy 1654:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 11 51 from adaptation 1871:1880 arg1 children 1916:1923 children 1916:1923 children with cerebral palsy 1916:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 10 52 from fibroblasts 1801:1811 arg1 muscle 1819:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 5 53 with children 859:866 arg1 palsy 882:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 cerebral palsy 873:886 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 4 54 theme structural 681:690 arg1 aspects 692:698 structural aspects 681:698 structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture 681:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 9 55 theme greater 1498:1504 arg1 degree 1506:1511 a greater degree 1496:1511 a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups 1496:1556 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 5 56 dep Materials 807:815 arg1 collected 844:852 collected 844:852 were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 839:1014 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 0 57 from contractures 84:95 arg1 patients 100:107 patients 100:107 patients with cerebral palsy 100:127 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 4 58 theme human 656:660 arg1 muscles 662:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 10 59 theme stereological 1670:1682 arg1 analysis 1684:1691 stereological analysis 1670:1691 stereological analysis 1670:1691 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 11 60 theme matrix 1906:1911 arg1 adaptation 1871:1880 a novel adaptation 1863:1880 a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function 1863:2058 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 5 61 theme anterior 974:981 arg1 reconstruction 1001:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 11 62 theme muscle 1885:1890 arg1 matrix 1906:1911 muscle extracellular matrix 1885:1911 muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy 1885:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 5 63 theme ligament 992:999 arg1 reconstruction 1001:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 974:1014 Materials and Methods: Biopsies were collected from children with cerebral palsy undergoing muscle lengthening procedures and typically developing children undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 31779492 7 64 theme total 1277:1281 arg1 proteoglycan 1283:1294 total proteoglycan 1277:1294 total proteoglycan 1277:1294 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 1 65 theme muscle 198:203 arg1 tissue 205:210 muscle tissue 198:210 muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children 198:303 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 1 66 theme Joint 139:143 arg1 contractures 145:156 Joint contractures 139:156 Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy 139:188 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 10 67 from muscle 1819:1824 arg1 increase 1716:1723 a significant increase 1702:1723 a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables 1702:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 10 67 from muscle 1819:1824 arg1 fraction 1789:1796 an increased volume fraction 1769:1796 an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle 1769:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 I 1077:1077 I 1077:1077 I 1077:1077 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 crosslinking 1171:1182 collagen crosslinking 1162:1182 collagen crosslinking 1162:1182 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 III 1080:1082 III 1080:1082 III 1080:1082 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 acid 1153:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 hyaluronic acid/uronic acid 1130:1156 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 IV 1085:1086 IV 1085:1086 IV 1085:1086 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 biglycan 1111:1118 biglycan 1111:1118 biglycan 1111:1118 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 types 1071:1075 collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking 1062:1182 collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking 1062:1182 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 68 dep types 1071:1075 arg1 decorin 1121:1127 decorin 1121:1127 decorin 1121:1127 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 8 69 theme total 1338:1342 arg1 collagen 1344:1351 total collagen 1338:1351 total collagen 1338:1351 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 4 70 theme matrix 717:722 arg1 architecture 724:735 extracellular matrix architecture 703:735 extracellular matrix architecture 703:735 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 4 71 from composition 601:611 arg1 muscles 662:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 typically developing human muscles 635:668 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 4 71 from composition 601:611 arg1 palsy 625:629 cerebral palsy 616:629 cerebral palsy 616:629 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 9 72 theme altered 1576:1582 arg1 relationship 1584:1595 an altered relationship 1573:1595 an altered relationship between extracellular matrix 1573:1624 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 6 73 theme types 1071:1075 arg1 determination 1045:1057 the determination 1041:1057 the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking 1041:1182 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 4 74 theme mechanical 784:793 arg1 properties 795:804 mechanical properties 784:804 mechanical properties 784:804 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 0 75 theme cerebral 114:121 arg1 palsy 123:127 cerebral palsy 114:127 cerebral palsy 114:127 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 1 76 from contractures 145:156 arg1 children 161:168 children 161:168 children with cerebral palsy 161:188 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 8 77 theme positive 1381:1388 arg1 predictors 1390:1399 positive predictors 1381:1399 positive predictors 1381:1399 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 11 78 theme protein 1995:2001 arg1 composition 2003:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 11 79 theme extracellular 1974:1986 arg1 composition 2003:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 0 80 theme matrix 30:35 arg1 components 37:46 extracellular matrix components 16:46 extracellular matrix components 16:46 Contribution of extracellular matrix components to the stiffness of skeletal muscle contractures in patients with cerebral palsy. 31779492 1 81 contain contain 190:196 arg1 contractures 145:156 Joint contractures 139:156 Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy 139:188 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 1 81 contain contain 190:196 arg2 tissue 205:210 muscle tissue 198:210 muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children 198:303 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 31779492 11 82 theme related 2029:2035 arg1 composition 2003:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 extracellular matrix protein composition 1974:2013 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 7 83 theme  All 1193:1196 arg1 types 1207:1211  All collagen types 1193:1211  All collagen types 1193:1211 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 9 84 theme cerebral 1645:1652 arg1 palsy 1654:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 cerebral palsy 1645:1658 Together these parameters accounted for a greater degree of variance within groups than across groups, demonstrating an altered relationship between extracellular matrix and stiffness with cerebral palsy. 31779492 3 85 theme other 437:441 arg1 proteins 464:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 10 86 theme collagen 1728:1735 arg1 fibrils 1737:1743 collagen fibrils 1728:1743 collagen fibrils organized in cables 1728:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 11 87 theme cerebral 1930:1937 arg1 palsy 1939:1943 cerebral palsy 1930:1943 cerebral palsy 1930:1943 Conclusions: These data demonstrate a novel adaptation of muscle extracellular matrix in children with cerebral palsy that includes alterations in extracellular matrix protein composition and structure related to mechanical function. 31779492 8 88 from predictors 1390:1399 arg1 cases 1321:1325 all cases 1317:1325 all cases 1317:1325 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 10 89 from increase 1716:1723 arg1 muscle 1819:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 CP muscle 1816:1824 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 10 89 from increase 1716:1723 arg1 fibrils 1737:1743 collagen fibrils 1728:1743 collagen fibrils organized in cables 1728:1763 Further, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in collagen fibrils organized in cables and an increased volume fraction of fibroblasts in CP muscle. 31779492 6 90 theme collagen 1162:1169 arg1 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 proteoglycan 1097:1108 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 6 90 theme collagen 1162:1169 arg1 crosslinking 1171:1182 collagen crosslinking 1162:1182 collagen crosslinking 1162:1182 Tissue was prepared for the determination of collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, proteoglycan, biglycan, decorin, hyaluronic acid/uronic acid and collagen crosslinking. 31779492 4 91 theme cerebral 616:623 arg1 palsy 625:629 cerebral palsy 616:629 cerebral palsy 616:629 Thus, our purpose was to measure specific extracellular protein composition in cerebral palsy and typically developing human muscles along with structural aspects of extracellular matrix architecture to determine the extent to which these explain mechanical properties. 31779492 8 92 theme stiffness 1445:1453 arg1 predictor 1432:1440 a negative predictor 1421:1440 a negative predictor of stiffness 1421:1453 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 8 92 theme stiffness 1445:1453 arg1 biglycan 1408:1415 biglycan 1408:1415 biglycan 1408:1415 In all cases, type I or total collagen and total proteoglycan were positive predictors, while biglycan was a negative predictor of stiffness. 31779492 3 93 from types 428:432 arg1 muscles 482:488 these muscles 476:488 these muscles 476:488 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 2 94 theme collagen 345:352 arg1 content 354:360 collagen content 345:360 collagen content 345:360 Interestingly, the correlation between collagen content and stiffness is weak. 31779492 7 95 theme uronic 1301:1306 arg1 acid 1308:1311 uronic acid 1301:1311 uronic acid 1301:1311 Results: All collagen types increased in cerebral palsy along with pyridinoline crosslinks, total proteoglycan, and uronic acid. 31779492 3 96 theme extracellular 443:455 arg1 proteins 464:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 other extracellular matrix proteins 437:471 To date, no data are available on collagen types or other extracellular matrix proteins in these muscles, nor any information regarding their function. 31779492 1 97 theme higher 246:251 arg1 content 262:268 higher collagen content 246:268 higher collagen content 246:268 Purpose: Joint contractures in children with cerebral palsy contain muscle tissue that is mechanically stiffer with higher collagen content than typically developing children. 29736637 7 0 theme units 1361:1365 arg1 moieties 1321:1328 amine moieties 1315:1328 amine moieties 1315:1328 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 0 theme units 1361:1365 arg1 hydroxyls 1334:1342 hydroxyls 1334:1342 hydroxyls 1334:1342 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 4 1 theme CrVI/g 831:836 arg1 146 mg 821:826 146 mg 821:826 146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K 821:866 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 8 2 theme oxygenated 1487:1496 arg1 sites 1498:1502 oxygenated sites 1487:1502 aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C) 1461:1521 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 10 3 theme biopolymer 1716:1725 arg1 linkage 1701:1707 the linkage 1697:1707 the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon 1697:1746 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 1 4 theme activated 218:226 arg1 carbon 228:233 activated carbon 218:233 activated carbon 218:233 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 4 5 theme 33 mg 842:846 arg1 146 mg 821:826 146 mg 821:826 146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K 821:866 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 3 6 theme diffusion 547:555 arg1 particles 564:572 diffusion inside particles 547:572 diffusion inside particles 547:572 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 6 7 theme species 1110:1116 arg1 recovery 1092:1099 The recovery 1088:1099 The recovery of CrIII species 1088:1116 The recovery of CrIII species varied according to the adsorbent and the solution used. 29736637 3 8 theme 298-333 K 687:695 arg1 range 678:682 the range 674:682 the range of 298-333 K 674:695 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 1 9 theme olive 146:150 arg1 stones 152:157 olive stones 146:157 olive stones 146:157 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 7 10 theme amine 1315:1319 arg1 moieties 1321:1328 amine moieties 1315:1328 amine moieties 1315:1328 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 10 11 theme functional 1773:1782 arg1 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 11 theme functional 1773:1782 arg1 groups 1784:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups 1753:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan 1753:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 2 12 theme species 269:275 arg1 blend 333:337 their blend 327:337 their blend 327:337 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 2 12 theme species 269:275 arg1 adsorption 240:249 The adsorption 236:249 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared 236:321 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 10 13 theme amino 1607:1611 arg1 groups 1624:1629 the amino functional groups 1603:1629 the amino functional groups of chitosan 1603:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 13 theme amino 1607:1611 arg1 constituents 1665:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 13 theme amino 1607:1611 arg1 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 4 14 theme CrIII/g 851:857 arg1 CrVI/g 831:836 CrVI/g 831:836 CrVI/g 831:836 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 14 theme CrIII/g 851:857 arg1 33 mg 842:846 33 mg 842:846 33 mg 842:846 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 7 15 theme Cr3 1262:1264 arg1 OH 1266:1267 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 15 theme Cr3 1262:1264 arg1 species 1240:1246 CrIII species 1234:1246 CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) 1234:1272 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 4 16 from 298 K 862:866 arg1 CrVI/g 831:836 CrVI/g 831:836 CrVI/g 831:836 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 16 from 298 K 862:866 arg1 146 mg 821:826 146 mg 821:826 146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K 821:866 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 16 from 298 K 862:866 arg1 33 mg 842:846 33 mg 842:846 33 mg 842:846 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 3 17 theme inside 557:562 arg1 particles 564:572 diffusion inside particles 547:572 diffusion inside particles 547:572 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 2 18 from adsorption 240:249 arg1 solution 288:295 aqueous solution 280:295 aqueous solution 280:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 5 19 theme CrVI 992:995 arg1 species 997:1003 CrVI species 992:1003 CrVI species 992:1003 Adsorption was markedly affected by temperature and pH, and CrVI species were substantially desorbed in acid mediums, particularly in acetic acid solution. 29736637 4 20 theme basic 912:916 arg1 constituents 918:929 the basic constituents 908:929 the basic constituents 908:929 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 10 21 theme chitosan 1634:1641 arg1 groups 1624:1629 the amino functional groups 1603:1629 the amino functional groups of chitosan 1603:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 21 theme chitosan 1634:1641 arg1 hydroxyls 1647:1655 hydroxyls 1647:1655 hydroxyls 1647:1655 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 21 theme chitosan 1634:1641 arg1 constituents 1665:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 21 theme chitosan 1634:1641 arg1 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 2 22 theme scanning 449:456 arg1 microscope 467:476 scanning electron microscope 449:476 scanning electron microscope 449:476 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 5 23 theme acid 1073:1076 arg1 solution 1078:1085 acetic acid solution 1066:1085 acetic acid solution 1066:1085 Adsorption was markedly affected by temperature and pH, and CrVI species were substantially desorbed in acid mediums, particularly in acetic acid solution. 29736637 2 24 dep Fourier 405:411 arg1 transform 413:421 transform 413:421 transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope 413:476 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 10 25 theme CrVI 1837:1840 arg1 species 1842:1848 CrVI species 1837:1848 CrVI species 1837:1848 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 0 26 theme stone 78:82 arg1 carbon 94:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 5 27 theme acid 1036:1039 arg1 mediums 1041:1047 acid mediums 1036:1047 acid mediums 1036:1047 Adsorption was markedly affected by temperature and pH, and CrVI species were substantially desorbed in acid mediums, particularly in acetic acid solution. 29736637 2 28 theme isotherm 388:395 arg1 models 397:402 the well-known kinetic and isotherm models 361:402 models 397:402 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 8 29 theme species 1409:1415 arg1 adsorption 1390:1399 The adsorption 1386:1399 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon 1386:1435 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 7 30 theme CrIII 1234:1238 arg1 OH 1252:1253 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 30 theme CrIII 1234:1238 arg1 OH 1266:1267 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 30 theme CrIII 1234:1238 arg1 species 1240:1246 CrIII species 1234:1246 CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) 1234:1272 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 8 31 theme activated 1420:1428 arg1 carbon 1430:1435 activated carbon 1420:1435 activated carbon 1420:1435 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 4 32 theme species 786:792 arg1 amounts 772:778 The maximum amounts 760:778 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) 760:867 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 32 theme species 786:792 arg1 species 786:792 Cr species 783:792 Cr species 783:792 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 32 theme species 786:792 arg1 times 880:884 three times 874:884 three times greater than those of the basic constituents 874:929 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 0 33 theme hexavalent 25:34 arg1 chromium 50:57 hexavalent and trivalent chromium 25:57 hexavalent and trivalent chromium 25:57 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 11 34 theme biopolymer 1973:1982 arg1 chains 1959:1964 the chains 1955:1964 the chains of the biopolymer 1955:1982 For CrIII species, adsorption occurred preferentially on hydroxyls of the components, and consequently, the chains of the biopolymer recovered some flexibility. 29736637 8 35 theme π 1446:1446 arg1 electrons 1448:1456 π electrons 1446:1456 π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C) 1446:1521 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 0 36 theme trivalent 40:48 arg1 chromium 50:57 hexavalent and trivalent chromium 25:57 hexavalent and trivalent chromium 25:57 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 7 37 theme biopolymer 1374:1383 arg1 units 1361:1365 D-glucosamine units 1347:1365 D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer 1347:1383 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 4 38 theme maximum 764:770 arg1 amounts 772:778 The maximum amounts 760:778 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) 760:867 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 38 theme maximum 764:770 arg1 species 786:792 Cr species 783:792 Cr species 783:792 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 38 theme maximum 764:770 arg1 times 880:884 three times 874:884 three times greater than those of the basic constituents 874:929 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 8 39 theme aromatic 1461:1468 arg1 rings 1470:1474 aromatic rings 1461:1474 aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C) 1461:1521 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 8 40 from adsorption 1390:1399 arg1 carbon 1430:1435 activated carbon 1420:1435 activated carbon 1420:1435 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 7 41 theme D-glucosamine 1347:1359 arg1 units 1361:1365 D-glucosamine units 1347:1365 D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer 1347:1383 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 8 42 dep sites 1498:1502 arg1 C=O 1511:1513 C=O 1511:1513 C=O 1511:1513 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 8 42 dep sites 1498:1502 arg1 C-OH 1505:1508 C-OH 1505:1508 C-OH 1505:1508 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 8 42 dep sites 1498:1502 arg1 C-O-C 1516:1520 C-O-C 1516:1520 C-O-C 1516:1520 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 11 43 theme components 1925:1934 arg1 hydroxyls 1908:1916 hydroxyls 1908:1916 hydroxyls of the components 1908:1934 For CrIII species, adsorption occurred preferentially on hydroxyls of the components, and consequently, the chains of the biopolymer recovered some flexibility. 29736637 2 44 from solution 288:295 arg1 blend 333:337 their blend 327:337 their blend 327:337 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 2 44 from solution 288:295 arg1 adsorption 240:249 The adsorption 236:249 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared 236:321 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 2 45 theme CrVI 254:257 arg1 species 269:275 CrVI and CrIII species 254:275 CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution 254:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 1 46 theme carbon 228:233 arg1 preparation 190:200 the preparation 186:200 the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon 186:233 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 8 47 theme sites 1498:1502 arg1 electrons 1448:1456 π electrons 1446:1456 π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C) 1446:1521 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 6 48 theme CrIII 1104:1108 arg1 species 1110:1116 CrIII species 1104:1116 CrIII species 1104:1116 The recovery of CrIII species varied according to the adsorbent and the solution used. 29736637 10 49 theme carbon 1741:1746 arg1 linkage 1701:1707 the linkage 1697:1707 the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon 1697:1746 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 3 50 theme CrIII 724:728 arg1 species 730:736 CrIII species 724:736 CrIII species 724:736 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 1 51 theme stones 152:157 arg1 shells 126:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 51 theme stones 152:157 arg1 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 51 theme stones 152:157 arg1 waste 137:141 waste 137:141 waste of olive stones 137:157 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 10 52 theme C-O-C 1767:1771 arg1 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 52 theme C-O-C 1767:1771 arg1 groups 1784:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups 1753:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan 1753:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 2 53 theme CrIII 263:267 arg1 species 269:275 CrVI and CrIII species 254:275 CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution 254:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 10 54 theme C-O-H 1757:1761 arg1 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 54 theme C-O-H 1757:1761 arg1 groups 1784:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups 1753:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan 1753:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 11 55 theme CrIII 1855:1859 arg1 species 1861:1867 CrIII species 1855:1867 CrIII species 1855:1867 For CrIII species, adsorption occurred preferentially on hydroxyls of the components, and consequently, the chains of the biopolymer recovered some flexibility. 29736637 10 56 theme chitosan 1794:1801 arg1 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 chitosan 1794:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 56 theme chitosan 1794:1801 arg1 groups 1784:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups 1753:1789 the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan 1753:1801 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 57 theme functional 1613:1622 arg1 groups 1624:1629 the amino functional groups 1603:1629 the amino functional groups of chitosan 1603:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 57 theme functional 1613:1622 arg1 constituents 1665:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 57 theme functional 1613:1622 arg1 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 1 58 used used 164:167 arg2 waste 137:141 waste 137:141 waste of olive stones 137:157 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 58 used used 164:167 arg2 shells 126:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 58 used used 164:167 arg2 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 3 59 theme activated 742:750 arg1 carbon 752:757 activated carbon 742:757 activated carbon 742:757 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 3 60 theme liquid 593:598 arg1 film 600:603 the liquid film 589:603 the liquid film 589:603 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 3 61 theme adsorption 517:526 arg1 rates 508:512 the rates 504:512 the rates of adsorption 504:526 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 29736637 1 62 theme Shrimp 119:124 arg1 shells 126:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells 119:131 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 62 theme Shrimp 119:124 arg1 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 feedstock 172:180 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 1 62 theme Shrimp 119:124 arg1 waste 137:141 waste 137:141 waste of olive stones 137:157 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 2 63 theme electron 458:465 arg1 microscope 467:476 scanning electron microscope 449:476 scanning electron microscope 449:476 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 0 64 theme olive 72:76 arg1 carbon 94:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 5 65 theme acetic 1066:1071 arg1 acid 1073:1076 acetic acid 1066:1076 acetic acid solution 1066:1085 Adsorption was markedly affected by temperature and pH, and CrVI species were substantially desorbed in acid mediums, particularly in acetic acid solution. 29736637 2 66 dep transform 413:421 arg1 infrared 423:430 infrared 423:430 transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope 413:476 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 4 67 from 146 mg 821:826 arg1 298 K 862:866 298 K 862:866 298 K 862:866 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 10 68 theme species 1842:1848 arg1 retention 1824:1832 the retention 1820:1832 the retention of CrVI species 1820:1848 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 0 69 theme activated 84:92 arg1 carbon 94:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 olive stone activated carbon 72:99 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 7 70 dep species 1202:1208 arg1 CrO42- 1222:1227 CrO42- 1222:1227 CrO42- 1222:1227 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 70 dep species 1202:1208 arg1 HCrO4- 1211:1216 HCrO4- 1211:1216 HCrO4- 1211:1216 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 70 dep species 1202:1208 arg1 species 1202:1208 CrVI species 1197:1208 CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) 1197:1228 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 2 71 from species 269:275 arg1 solution 288:295 aqueous solution 280:295 aqueous solution 280:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 4 72 theme greater 886:892 arg1 amounts 772:778 The maximum amounts 760:778 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) 760:867 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 72 theme greater 886:892 arg1 species 786:792 Cr species 783:792 Cr species 783:792 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 4 72 theme greater 886:892 arg1 times 880:884 three times 874:884 three times greater than those of the basic constituents 874:929 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 7 73 theme Cr 1249:1250 arg1 OH 1252:1253 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 73 theme Cr 1249:1250 arg1 species 1240:1246 CrIII species 1234:1246 CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) 1234:1272 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 8 74 theme CrVI 1404:1407 arg1 species 1409:1415 CrVI species 1404:1415 CrVI species 1404:1415 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 7 75 theme species 1240:1246 arg1 immobilization 1179:1192 The immobilization 1175:1192 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan 1175:1284 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 4 76 dep composite 810:818 arg1 146 mg 821:826 146 mg 821:826 146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K 821:866 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 7 77 dep species 1240:1246 arg1 OH 1252:1253 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 Cr(OH)2+ 1249:1256 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 77 dep species 1240:1246 arg1 OH 1266:1267 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 Cr3(OH)45+ 1262:1271 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 7 77 dep species 1240:1246 arg1 species 1240:1246 CrIII species 1234:1246 CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) 1234:1272 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 10 78 dep biopolymer 1716:1725 arg1 the 1712:1714 the 1712:1714 the 1712:1714 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 79 theme constituents 1665:1676 arg1 groups 1624:1629 the amino functional groups 1603:1629 the amino functional groups of chitosan 1603:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 79 theme constituents 1665:1676 arg1 hydroxyls 1647:1655 hydroxyls 1647:1655 hydroxyls 1647:1655 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 79 theme constituents 1665:1676 arg1 constituents 1665:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 both constituents 1660:1676 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 10 79 theme constituents 1665:1676 arg1 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 chitosan 1634:1641 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 4 80 theme Cr 783:784 arg1 species 786:792 Cr species 783:792 Cr species 783:792 The maximum amounts of Cr species retained by the composite (146 mg of CrVI/g and 33 mg of CrIII/g at 298 K) were three times greater than those of the basic constituents. 29736637 0 81 theme chromium 50:57 arg1 release 14:20 release 14:20 release 14:20 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 0 81 theme chromium 50:57 arg1 Retention 0:8 Retention 0:8 Retention 0:8 Retention and release of hexavalent and trivalent chromium by chitosan, olive stone activated carbon, and their blend. 29736637 2 82 from blend 333:337 arg1 solution 288:295 aqueous solution 280:295 aqueous solution 280:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 7 83 theme species 1202:1208 arg1 immobilization 1179:1192 The immobilization 1175:1192 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan 1175:1284 The immobilization of CrVI species (HCrO4- and CrO42-) and CrIII species (Cr(OH)2+ and Cr3(OH)45+) by chitosan was accomplished by means of amine moieties and hydroxyls of D-glucosamine units of the biopolymer. 29736637 8 84 theme rings 1470:1474 arg1 electrons 1448:1456 π electrons 1446:1456 π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C) 1446:1521 The adsorption of CrVI species on activated carbon involved π electrons of aromatic rings as well as oxygenated sites (C-OH, C=O, C-O-C). 29736637 2 85 theme aqueous 280:286 arg1 solution 288:295 aqueous solution 280:295 aqueous solution 280:295 The adsorption of CrVI and CrIII species in aqueous solution by the materials prepared and their blend were studied by using the well-known kinetic and isotherm models, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. 29736637 10 86 theme activated 1731:1739 arg1 carbon 1741:1746 activated carbon 1731:1746 activated carbon 1731:1746 For the composite, the amino functional groups of chitosan and hydroxyls of both constituents were implicated in the linkage of the biopolymer and activated carbon, and the C-O-H and C-O-C functional groups of chitosan were involved in the retention of CrVI species. 29736637 1 87 theme chitosan 205:212 arg1 preparation 190:200 the preparation 186:200 the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon 186:233 Shrimp shells and waste of olive stones were used as feedstock for the preparation of chitosan and activated carbon. 29736637 3 88 dep occurred 621:628 arg1 - 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol 645:668 - 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol 645:668 - 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol 645:668 It was demonstrated that the rates of adsorption were controlled by diffusion inside particles and throughout the liquid film, and adsorption occurred spontaneously (- 26 < ∆G° < - 15 kJ/mol) in the range of 298-333 K, except for that involving CrIII species and activated carbon. 31781595 7 0 theme mutans 1191:1196 arg1 ratio 1179:1183 the ratio 1175:1183 the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms 1175:1221 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 1 dep polysaccharides 706:720 arg1 polysaccharides 706:720 Extracellular polysaccharides 692:720 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 692:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 1 dep polysaccharides 706:720 arg1 staining 737:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 1 dep polysaccharides 706:720 arg1 method 756:761 anthrone method 747:761 anthrone method 747:761 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 1 dep polysaccharides 706:720 arg1 imaging 803:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 8 2 theme potent 1417:1422 arg1 reagent 1424:1430 a potent reagent 1415:1430 a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries 1415:1489 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 8 2 theme potent 1417:1422 arg1 it 1405:1406 it 1405:1406 it 1405:1406 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 8 3 theme dental 1477:1482 arg1 caries 1484:1489 dental caries 1477:1489 dental caries 1477:1489 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 1 4 dep sanguinis 289:297 arg1 sanguinis 303:311 S. sanguinis 300:311 S. sanguinis 300:311 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 1 5 theme norspermidine 170:182 arg1 influence 157:165 the influence 153:165 the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) 153:312 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 2 6 theme species 511:517 arg1 growth 491:496 the growth 487:496 the growth of these two species of bacteria 487:529 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 0 7 from Effects 0:6 arg1 Biofilms 41:48 Dual-Species Biofilms 28:48 Dual-Species Biofilms 28:48 Effects of Norspermidine on Dual-Species Biofilms Composed of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. 31781595 4 8 theme EPS 852:854 arg1 synthesis 839:847 the synthesis 835:847 the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms 835:879 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 9 theme anthrone 747:754 arg1 polysaccharides 706:720 Extracellular polysaccharides 692:720 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 692:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 9 theme anthrone 747:754 arg1 method 756:761 anthrone method 747:761 anthrone method 747:761 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 10 theme /bacteria 727:735 arg1 staining 737:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 10 theme /bacteria 727:735 arg1 polysaccharides 706:720 Extracellular polysaccharides 692:720 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 692:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 5 11 theme dual-species 931:942 arg1 production 957:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 Lactic acid assay and pH were measured to detect dual-species biofilm acid production. 31781595 3 12 theme Fluorescence 532:543 arg1 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 12 theme Fluorescence 532:543 arg1 hybridization 553:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization 532:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 532:572 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 5 13 theme Lactic 882:887 arg1 assay 894:898 Lactic acid assay 882:898 Lactic acid assay 882:898 Lactic acid assay and pH were measured to detect dual-species biofilm acid production. 31781595 1 14 from influence 157:165 arg1 formation 191:199 the formation 187:199 the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) 187:312 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 5 15 theme biofilm 944:950 arg1 production 957:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 Lactic acid assay and pH were measured to detect dual-species biofilm acid production. 31781595 7 16 theme dual-species 1298:1309 arg1 biofilms 1311:1318 dual-species biofilms 1298:1318 dual-species biofilms 1298:1318 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 7 17 theme acid 1279:1282 arg1 production 1284:1293 acid production 1279:1293 acid production of dual-species biofilms 1279:1318 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 5 18 theme acid 952:955 arg1 production 957:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 dual-species biofilm acid production 931:966 Lactic acid assay and pH were measured to detect dual-species biofilm acid production. 31781595 7 19 theme biofilms 1311:1318 arg1 activity 1250:1257 the metabolic activity 1236:1257 the metabolic activity 1236:1257 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 7 19 theme biofilms 1311:1318 arg1 synthesis 1264:1272 EPS synthesis 1260:1272 EPS synthesis 1260:1272 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 7 19 theme biofilms 1311:1318 arg1 production 1284:1293 acid production 1279:1293 acid production of dual-species biofilms 1279:1318 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 2 20 theme growth 440:445 arg1 curve 447:451 the growth curve 436:451 the growth curve 436:451 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 2 21 theme violet 323:328 arg1 assay 330:334 Crystal violet assay 315:334 Crystal violet assay 315:334 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 2 22 theme biofilms 392:399 arg1 formation 364:372 the formation 360:372 the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis 360:429 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 3 23 theme dual-species 655:666 arg1 biofilms 668:675 the dual-species biofilms 651:675 the dual-species biofilms 651:675 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 2 24 theme Crystal 315:321 arg1 assay 330:334 Crystal violet assay 315:334 Crystal violet assay 315:334 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 8 25 theme dual-species 1345:1356 arg1 biofilms 1358:1365 dual-species biofilms 1345:1365 dual-species biofilms 1345:1365 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 2 26 theme single-species 377:390 arg1 biofilms 392:399 single-species biofilms 377:399 single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis 377:429 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 7 27 theme dual-species 1142:1153 arg1 biofilms 1155:1162 the dual-species biofilms 1138:1162 the dual-species biofilms 1138:1162 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 3 28 theme in 545:546 arg1 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 28 theme in 545:546 arg1 hybridization 553:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization 532:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 532:572 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 2 29 theme sanguinis 421:429 arg1 biofilms 392:399 single-species biofilms 377:399 single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis 377:429 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 0 30 theme Norspermidine 11:23 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of Norspermidine on Dual-Species Biofilms 0:48 Effects of Norspermidine on Dual-Species Biofilms Composed of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. 31781595 6 31 contain had 997:999 arg1 norspermidine 983:995 norspermidine 983:995 norspermidine 983:995 We found that norspermidine had different effects on S. mutans and S. sanguinis including their growth and biofilm formation. 31781595 6 31 contain had 997:999 arg2 effects 1011:1017 different effects 1001:1017 different effects 1001:1017 We found that norspermidine had different effects on S. mutans and S. sanguinis including their growth and biofilm formation. 31781595 1 32 theme present 116:122 arg1 study 124:128 The present study 112:128 The present study 112:128 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 1 33 theme biofilms 217:224 arg1 formation 191:199 the formation 187:199 the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) 187:312 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 7 34 theme EPS 1260:1262 arg1 synthesis 1264:1272 EPS synthesis 1260:1272 EPS synthesis 1260:1272 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 2 35 theme bacteria 522:529 arg1 species 511:517 these two species 501:517 these two species of bacteria 501:529 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 7 36 from ratio 1179:1183 arg1 biofilms 1214:1221 dual-species biofilms 1201:1221 dual-species biofilms 1201:1221 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 0 37 theme Dual-Species 28:39 arg1 Biofilms 41:48 Dual-Species Biofilms 28:48 Dual-Species Biofilms 28:48 Effects of Norspermidine on Dual-Species Biofilms Composed of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. 31781595 3 38 theme MTT 578:580 arg1 array 582:586 MTT array 578:586 MTT array 578:586 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 2 39 theme mutans 407:412 arg1 biofilms 392:399 single-species biofilms 377:399 single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis 377:429 Crystal violet assay was conducted to assess the formation of single-species biofilms of S. mutans and S. sanguinis, and the growth curve was carefully observed to monitor the growth of these two species of bacteria. 31781595 4 40 theme dual-species 859:870 arg1 biofilms 872:879 dual-species biofilms 859:879 dual-species biofilms 859:879 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 1 41 dep mutans 252:257 arg1 mutans 263:268 S. mutans 260:268 S. mutans 260:268 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 6 42 theme biofilm 1076:1082 arg1 formation 1084:1092 biofilm formation 1076:1092 biofilm formation 1076:1092 We found that norspermidine had different effects on S. mutans and S. sanguinis including their growth and biofilm formation. 31781595 4 43 theme Extracellular 692:704 arg1 method 756:761 anthrone method 747:761 anthrone method 747:761 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 43 theme Extracellular 692:704 arg1 EPS 723:725 EPS 723:725 EPS 723:725 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 43 theme Extracellular 692:704 arg1 staining 737:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 /bacteria staining 727:744 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 43 theme Extracellular 692:704 arg1 polysaccharides 706:720 Extracellular polysaccharides 692:720 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 692:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 43 theme Extracellular 692:704 arg1 imaging 803:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 3 44 theme biofilms 668:675 arg1 composition 613:623 composition 613:623 composition 613:623 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 44 theme biofilms 668:675 arg1 activity 639:646 metabolic activity 629:646 metabolic activity 629:646 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 5 45 theme acid 889:892 arg1 assay 894:898 Lactic acid assay 882:898 Lactic acid assay 882:898 Lactic acid assay and pH were measured to detect dual-species biofilm acid production. 31781595 8 46 theme dental 1448:1453 arg1 biofilms 1455:1462 dental biofilms 1448:1462 dental biofilms 1448:1462 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 4 47 theme scanning 768:775 arg1 SEM 798:800 SEM 798:800 SEM 798:800 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 47 theme scanning 768:775 arg1 microscopy 786:795 scanning electron microscopy 768:795 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 7 48 theme metabolic 1240:1248 arg1 activity 1250:1257 the metabolic activity 1236:1257 the metabolic activity 1236:1257 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 8 49 theme ecological 1373:1382 arg1 way 1384:1386 an ecological way 1370:1386 an ecological way 1370:1386 Norspermidine regulated dual-species biofilms in an ecological way, suggesting that it may be a potent reagent for controlling dental biofilms and managing dental caries. 31781595 6 50 theme different 1001:1009 arg1 effects 1011:1017 different effects 1001:1017 different effects 1001:1017 We found that norspermidine had different effects on S. mutans and S. sanguinis including their growth and biofilm formation. 31781595 3 51 theme metabolic 629:637 arg1 activity 639:646 metabolic activity 629:646 metabolic activity 629:646 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 7 52 theme dual-species 1201:1212 arg1 biofilms 1214:1221 dual-species biofilms 1201:1221 dual-species biofilms 1201:1221 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 53 theme microscopy 786:795 arg1 polysaccharides 706:720 Extracellular polysaccharides 692:720 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 692:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 53 theme microscopy 786:795 arg1 imaging 803:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 1 54 theme dual-species 204:215 arg1 biofilms 217:224 dual-species biofilms 204:224 dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) 204:312 The present study aimed at investigating the influence of norspermidine on the formation of dual-species biofilms composed of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis). 31781595 3 55 dep in 545:546 arg1 situ 548:551 situ 548:551 situ 548:551 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 56 dep composition 613:623 arg1 the 609:611 the 609:611 the 609:611 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 4 57 theme electron 777:784 arg1 SEM 798:800 SEM 798:800 SEM 798:800 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 4 57 theme electron 777:784 arg1 microscopy 786:795 scanning electron microscopy 768:795 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging 768:809 Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS)/bacteria staining, anthrone method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging were conducted to study the synthesis of EPS by dual-species biofilms. 31781595 3 58 used used 593:596 arg2 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 FISH 568:571 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 58 used used 593:596 arg2 hybridization 553:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization 532:565 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 532:572 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 3 58 used used 593:596 arg2 array 582:586 MTT array 578:586 MTT array 578:586 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and MTT array were used to analyze the composition and metabolic activity of the dual-species biofilms, respectively. 31781595 7 59 theme biofilms 1155:1162 arg1 composition 1123:1133 the composition 1119:1133 the composition of the dual-species biofilms 1119:1162 Norspermidine regulated the composition of the dual-species biofilms, decreased the ratio of S. mutans in dual-species biofilms, and reduced the metabolic activity, EPS synthesis, and acid production of dual-species biofilms. 30485903 9 0 theme 4 h. 1370:1373 arg1 CONCLUSIONS 1375:1385 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation 1370:1571 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation 1370:1571 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 1 1 theme formulation 164:174 arg1 composition 176:186 formulation composition 164:186 formulation composition 164:186 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 5 2 theme twin-screw 895:904 arg1 extruder 906:913 the corotating twin-screw extruder 880:913 the corotating twin-screw extruder 880:913 KEY FINDINGS Films were successfully extruded using the corotating twin-screw extruder. 30485903 1 3 theme composition 176:186 arg1 effects 153:159 the effects 149:159 the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology 149:305 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 1 4 theme melt 281:284 arg1 technology 296:305 melt extrusion technology 281:305 melt extrusion technology 281:305 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 0 5 theme extrusion 101:109 arg1 technology 111:120 hot-melt extrusion technology 92:120 hot-melt extrusion technology 92:120 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 0 6 from Effects 0:6 arg1 characteristics 42:56 the characteristics 38:56 the characteristics of mucoadhesive films 38:78 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 7 7 theme PEG 1112:1114 arg1 4500 1116:1119 PEG 4500 1112:1119 PEG 4500 1112:1119 A significant interaction was observed between HPC and PEG 4500 for stiffness of films. 30485903 5 8 theme corotating 884:893 arg1 extruder 906:913 the corotating twin-screw extruder 880:913 the corotating twin-screw extruder 880:913 KEY FINDINGS Films were successfully extruded using the corotating twin-screw extruder. 30485903 1 9 theme extrusion 286:294 arg1 technology 296:305 melt extrusion technology 281:305 melt extrusion technology 281:305 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 0 10 theme hot-melt 92:99 arg1 technology 111:120 hot-melt extrusion technology 92:120 hot-melt extrusion technology 92:120 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 1 11 from effects 153:159 arg1 physico-chemical 195:210 physico-chemical 195:210 physico-chemical 195:210 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 1 11 from effects 153:159 arg1 properties 229:238 the physico-chemical and drug release properties 191:238 properties 229:238 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 plasticiser 596:606 plasticiser 596:606 plasticiser 596:606 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 PEG 585:587 PEG 585:587 PEG 585:587 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 12 theme polyethylene 564:575 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 9 13 theme extrusion 1404:1412 arg1 process 1414:1420 extrusion process 1404:1420 extrusion process 1404:1420 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 8 14 theme swelling 1173:1180 arg1 index 1182:1186 swelling index 1173:1186 swelling index 1173:1186 For disintegration time and swelling index, a significant interaction was found between HPC and HPMC. 30485903 3 15 theme HPMC 523:526 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 15 theme HPMC 523:526 arg1 retardant 549:557 drug release retardant 536:557 drug release retardant 536:557 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 15 theme HPMC 523:526 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 15 theme HPMC 523:526 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 15 theme HPMC 523:526 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 5 16 theme KEY 828:830 arg1 Films 841:845 KEY FINDINGS Films 828:845 KEY FINDINGS Films 828:845 KEY FINDINGS Films were successfully extruded using the corotating twin-screw extruder. 30485903 2 17 used used 401:404 arg2 drug 392:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 2 17 used used 401:404 arg2 sulphate 365:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 9 18 theme formulation 1426:1436 arg1 influence 1391:1399 The influence 1387:1399 The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films 1387:1476 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 19 theme process 1414:1420 arg1 influence 1391:1399 The influence 1387:1399 The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films 1387:1476 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 7 20 theme films 1138:1142 arg1 stiffness 1125:1133 stiffness 1125:1133 stiffness of films 1125:1142 A significant interaction was observed between HPC and PEG 4500 for stiffness of films. 30485903 9 21 theme feasible 1536:1543 arg1 use 1509:1511 the use 1505:1511 the use of melt extrusion 1505:1529 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 21 theme feasible 1536:1543 arg1 method 1545:1550 a feasible method 1534:1550 a feasible method for film preparation 1534:1571 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 3 22 theme film-forming 462:473 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 22 theme film-forming 462:473 arg1 polymer 475:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 9 23 from influence 1391:1399 arg1 films 1472:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 2 24 theme METHODS 346:352 arg1 drug 392:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 2 24 theme METHODS 346:352 arg1 sulphate 365:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 9 25 theme HPMC 1304:1307 arg1 content 1309:1315 HPMC content 1304:1315 HPMC content 1304:1315 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 26 theme salbutamol 1452:1461 arg1 films 1472:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 27 dep CONCLUSIONS 1375:1385 arg1 elucidated 1482:1491 elucidated 1482:1491 elucidated 1482:1491 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 0 28 theme composition 23:33 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films 0:78 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 9 29 theme film 1556:1559 arg1 preparation 1561:1571 film preparation 1556:1571 film preparation 1556:1571 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 1 30 theme drug 216:219 arg1 properties 229:238 the physico-chemical and drug release properties 191:238 properties 229:238 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 0 31 theme formulation 11:21 arg1 composition 23:33 formulation composition 11:33 formulation composition 11:33 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 9 32 theme other 1330:1334 arg1 factors 1336:1342 other factors 1330:1342 other factors 1330:1342 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 2 33 theme antiasthmatic 378:390 arg1 drug 392:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 2 33 theme antiasthmatic 378:390 arg1 sulphate 365:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 9 34 theme melt 1516:1519 arg1 extrusion 1521:1529 melt extrusion 1516:1529 melt extrusion 1516:1529 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 1 35 theme release 221:227 arg1 properties 229:238 the physico-chemical and drug release properties 191:238 properties 229:238 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 1 36 theme response 316:323 arg1 methodology 333:343 a response surface methodology 314:343 a response surface methodology 314:343 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 9 37 theme sulphate 1463:1470 arg1 films 1472:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 salbutamol sulphate films 1452:1476 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 5 38 theme FINDINGS 832:839 arg1 Films 841:845 KEY FINDINGS Films 828:845 KEY FINDINGS Films 828:845 KEY FINDINGS Films were successfully extruded using the corotating twin-screw extruder. 30485903 3 39 theme HPC 453:455 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 39 theme HPC 453:455 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 39 theme HPC 453:455 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 39 theme HPC 453:455 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 39 theme HPC 453:455 arg1 polymer 475:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 1 40 theme surface 325:331 arg1 methodology 333:343 a response surface methodology 314:343 a response surface methodology 314:343 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 7 41 theme significant 1059:1069 arg1 interaction 1071:1081 A significant interaction 1057:1081 A significant interaction 1057:1081 A significant interaction was observed between HPC and PEG 4500 for stiffness of films. 30485903 8 42 theme significant 1191:1201 arg1 interaction 1203:1213 a significant interaction 1189:1213 a significant interaction 1189:1213 For disintegration time and swelling index, a significant interaction was found between HPC and HPMC. 30485903 3 43 theme Klucel 422:427 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 43 theme Klucel 422:427 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 43 theme Klucel 422:427 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 43 theme Klucel 422:427 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 43 theme Klucel 422:427 arg1 polymer 475:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 9 44 dep process 1414:1420 arg1 parameters 1438:1447 parameters 1438:1447 parameters 1438:1447 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 3 45 theme Benecel 485:491 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 45 theme Benecel 485:491 arg1 retardant 549:557 drug release retardant 536:557 drug release retardant 536:557 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 45 theme Benecel 485:491 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 45 theme Benecel 485:491 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 45 theme Benecel 485:491 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 46 theme hydroxypropylcellulose 429:450 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 46 theme hydroxypropylcellulose 429:450 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 46 theme hydroxypropylcellulose 429:450 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 46 theme hydroxypropylcellulose 429:450 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 46 theme hydroxypropylcellulose 429:450 arg1 polymer 475:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 film-forming polymer 462:481 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 9 47 from CONCLUSIONS 1375:1385 arg1 % 1365:1365 69-89% 1360:1365 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation 1360:1571 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 48 theme extrusion 1521:1529 arg1 use 1509:1511 the use 1505:1511 the use of melt extrusion 1505:1529 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 9 48 theme extrusion 1521:1529 arg1 method 1545:1550 a feasible method 1534:1550 a feasible method for film preparation 1534:1571 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 4 49 theme film 806:809 arg1 characteristics 811:825 the film characteristics 802:825 the film characteristics 802:825 The responses were fitted to a full quadratic model and P-values for each of the factors were used to determine their significance on the film characteristics. 30485903 4 50 theme full 699:702 arg1 model 714:718 a full quadratic model 697:718 a full quadratic model 697:718 The responses were fitted to a full quadratic model and P-values for each of the factors were used to determine their significance on the film characteristics. 30485903 4 51 theme quadratic 704:712 arg1 model 714:718 a full quadratic model 697:718 a full quadratic model 697:718 The responses were fitted to a full quadratic model and P-values for each of the factors were used to determine their significance on the film characteristics. 30485903 9 52 theme in vitro 1251:1258 arg1 % 1260:1260 % 1260:1260 % 1260:1260 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 3 53 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 493:520 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 53 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 493:520 arg1 retardant 549:557 drug release retardant 536:557 drug release retardant 536:557 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 53 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 493:520 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 53 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 493:520 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 53 theme hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 493:520 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 4 54 used used 762:765 arg2 P-values 724:731 P-values 724:731 P-values for each of the factors 724:755 The responses were fitted to a full quadratic model and P-values for each of the factors were used to determine their significance on the film characteristics. 30485903 1 55 theme mucoadhesive 243:254 arg1 films 263:267 mucoadhesive buccal films 243:267 mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology 243:305 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 9 56 theme % 1260:1260 arg1 release 1267:1273 The in vitro % drug release 1247:1273 The in vitro % drug release 1247:1273 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 3 57 theme independent 624:634 arg1 glycol 577:582 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 564:593 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) 564:607 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 57 theme independent 624:634 arg1 factors 636:642 the three independent factors 614:642 the three independent factors utilised for the study 614:665 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 57 theme independent 624:634 arg1 EF 458:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF 422:459 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer) 422:482 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 57 theme independent 624:634 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 4 58 from significance 786:797 arg1 characteristics 811:825 the film characteristics 802:825 the film characteristics 802:825 The responses were fitted to a full quadratic model and P-values for each of the factors were used to determine their significance on the film characteristics. 30485903 2 59 theme Salbutamol 354:363 arg1 drug 392:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 an antiasthmatic drug 375:395 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 2 59 theme Salbutamol 354:363 arg1 sulphate 365:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate 346:372 METHODS Salbutamol sulphate, an antiasthmatic drug was used for this study. 30485903 1 60 theme buccal 256:261 arg1 films 263:267 mucoadhesive buccal films 243:267 mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology 243:305 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 0 61 theme films 74:78 arg1 characteristics 42:56 the characteristics 38:56 the characteristics of mucoadhesive films 38:78 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 9 62 theme drug 1262:1265 arg1 release 1267:1273 The in vitro % drug release 1247:1273 The in vitro % drug release 1247:1273 The in vitro % drug release was directly correlated with HPMC content and not with other factors and varied from 69-89% at 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The influence of extrusion process and formulation parameters on salbutamol sulphate films was elucidated, indicating the use of melt extrusion as a feasible method for film preparation. 30485903 3 63 theme drug 536:539 arg1 retardant 549:557 drug release retardant 536:557 drug release retardant 536:557 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 63 theme drug 536:539 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 1 64 theme films 263:267 arg1 physico-chemical 195:210 physico-chemical 195:210 physico-chemical 195:210 OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of formulation composition on the physico-chemical and drug release properties of mucoadhesive buccal films prepared by melt extrusion technology, using a response surface methodology. 30485903 0 65 theme mucoadhesive 61:72 arg1 films 74:78 mucoadhesive films 61:78 mucoadhesive films 61:78 Effects of formulation composition on the characteristics of mucoadhesive films prepared by hot-melt extrusion technology. 30485903 3 66 theme release 541:547 arg1 retardant 549:557 drug release retardant 536:557 drug release retardant 536:557 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 3 66 theme release 541:547 arg1 K-15M 529:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M 485:533 Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) 485:558 Klucel hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) EF (film-forming polymer), Benecel hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) K-15M (drug release retardant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4500 (plasticiser) were the three independent factors utilised for the study. 30485903 8 67 theme disintegration 1149:1162 arg1 time 1164:1167 disintegration time 1149:1167 disintegration time 1149:1167 For disintegration time and swelling index, a significant interaction was found between HPC and HPMC. 29803436 6 0 theme carbon 904:909 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 0 theme carbon 904:909 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 4 1 from utilization 471:481 arg1 microbiome 519:528 the gut microbiome 511:528 the gut microbiome 511:528 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 5 2 theme gut 648:650 arg1 microbes 652:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 6 3 theme dorei 796:800 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 3 theme dorei 796:800 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 5 4 theme polysaccharides 592:606 arg1 utilization 565:575 the utilization 561:575 the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes 561:659 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 5 5 theme representative 627:640 arg1 microbes 652:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 12 6 theme high 1629:1632 arg1 densities 1639:1647 high cell densities 1629:1647 high cell densities 1629:1647 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 8 7 theme Higher 1009:1014 arg1 growth 1021:1026 Higher cell growth 1009:1026 Higher cell growth 1009:1026 Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. adolescentis and L. plantarum were dominant in co-cultures. 29803436 13 8 theme HT-29 1809:1813 arg1 cells 1815:1819 HT-29 cells 1809:1819 HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα 1809:1842 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 2 9 theme gut 283:285 arg1 microbiome 287:296 the gut microbiome 279:296 the gut microbiome 279:296 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29803436 14 10 theme dietary 1927:1933 arg1 polysaccharides 1935:1949 dietary polysaccharides 1927:1949 dietary polysaccharides 1927:1949 In summary, this work shows that microbial interactions during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides are complex and substrate dependent. 29803436 11 11 theme Inulin 1361:1366 arg1 fermentation 1368:1379 Inulin fermentation 1361:1379 Inulin fermentation 1361:1379 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 1 12 contain has 118:120 arg1 microbiome 107:116 The gut microbiome 99:116 The gut microbiome 99:116 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 1 12 contain has 118:120 arg2 impact 136:141 a significant impact 122:141 a significant impact on host health 122:156 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 5 13 theme activities 686:695 arg1 impact 670:675 the impact 666:675 the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model 666:728 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 15 14 dep deploy 2019:2024 arg1 independent 2070:2080 independent 2070:2080 independent 2070:2080 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 15 14 dep deploy 2019:2024 arg1 mediated 2127:2134 mediated 2127:2134 could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production 2118:2172 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 12 15 theme batch 1589:1593 arg1 fermentations 1606:1618 batch bioreactor fermentations 1589:1618 batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments 1589:1694 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 1 16 theme significant 124:134 arg1 impact 136:141 a significant impact 122:141 a significant impact on host health 122:156 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 14 17 theme microbial 1878:1886 arg1 interactions 1888:1899 microbial interactions 1878:1899 microbial interactions during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides 1878:1949 In summary, this work shows that microbial interactions during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides are complex and substrate dependent. 29803436 10 18 theme several 1205:1211 arg1 cases 1213:1217 several cases 1205:1217 several cases 1205:1217 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 7 19 theme major 971:975 arg1 SCFAs 977:981 major SCFAs 971:981 major SCFAs 971:981 Their relative abundance, substrate consumption and major SCFAs produced were determined. 29803436 3 20 theme fiber 304:308 arg1 diets 310:314 High fiber diets 299:314 High fiber diets 299:314 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 13 21 theme high 1746:1749 arg1 amounts 1751:1757 high amounts 1746:1757 high amounts of butyrate 1746:1769 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 13 21 theme high 1746:1749 arg1 butyrate 1762:1769 butyrate 1762:1769 butyrate 1762:1769 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 0 22 theme polysaccharides 82:96 arg1 utilization 59:69 the utilization 55:69 the utilization of dietary polysaccharides 55:96 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides. 29803436 8 23 from dominant 1110:1117 arg1 co-cultures 1122:1132 co-cultures 1122:1132 co-cultures 1122:1132 Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. adolescentis and L. plantarum were dominant in co-cultures. 29803436 3 24 theme health 340:345 arg1 benefits 347:354 health benefits 340:354 health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 340:420 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 15 25 theme certain 1998:2004 arg1 combinations 2006:2017 certain combinations 1998:2017 certain combinations 1998:2017 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 11 26 theme butyrate 1538:1545 arg1 butyrate 1538:1545 butyrate 1538:1545 butyrate 1538:1545 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 11 26 theme butyrate 1538:1545 arg1 amounts 1527:1533 high amounts 1522:1533 high amounts of butyrate 1522:1545 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 10 27 theme bacterial 1232:1240 arg1 growth 1242:1247 the combined bacterial growth 1219:1247 the combined bacterial growth 1219:1247 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 10 27 theme bacterial 1232:1240 arg1 lower 1253:1257 lower 1253:1257 lower 1253:1257 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 4 28 theme microbial 427:435 arg1 interactions 437:448 Gut microbial interactions 423:448 Gut microbial interactions 423:448 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 5 29 theme inflammation 711:722 arg1 model 724:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 8 30 theme inulin 1048:1053 arg1 consumption 1055:1065 inulin consumption 1048:1065 inulin consumption 1048:1065 Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. adolescentis and L. plantarum were dominant in co-cultures. 29803436 1 31 from impact 136:141 arg1 health 151:156 host health 146:156 host health 146:156 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 3 32 theme chain 397:401 arg1 acids 409:413 short chain fatty acids 391:413 short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 391:420 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 3 32 theme chain 397:401 arg1 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 0 33 theme Anti-inflammatory 0:16 arg1 effect 18:23 Anti-inflammatory effect 0:23 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides 0:96 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides. 29803436 1 34 theme gut 103:105 arg1 microbiome 107:116 The gut microbiome 99:116 The gut microbiome 99:116 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 4 35 theme gut 515:517 arg1 microbiome 519:528 the gut microbiome 511:528 the gut microbiome 511:528 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 15 36 theme growth 2106:2111 arg1 independent 2070:2080 independent 2070:2080 independent 2070:2080 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 12 37 theme co-culture 1673:1682 arg1 experiments 1684:1694 co-culture experiments 1673:1694 co-culture experiments 1673:1694 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 0 38 theme consortia 38:46 arg1 effect 18:23 Anti-inflammatory effect 0:23 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides 0:96 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides. 29803436 3 39 theme great 377:381 arg1 part 383:386 great part 377:386 great part 377:386 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 4 40 theme complex 486:492 arg1 carbohydrates 494:506 complex carbohydrates 486:506 complex carbohydrates 486:506 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 10 41 theme synergistic 1318:1328 arg1 growth 1330:1335 synergistic growth 1318:1335 synergistic growth between microorganisms 1318:1358 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 6 42 theme coli 840:843 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 42 theme coli 840:843 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 15 43 theme anti-inflammatory 2033:2049 arg1 effects 2051:2057 potent anti-inflammatory effects 2026:2057 potent anti-inflammatory effects 2026:2057 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 15 44 theme butyrate 2154:2161 arg1 production 2163:2172 higher butyrate production 2147:2172 higher butyrate production 2147:2172 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 11 45 contain containing 1476:1485 arg1 xylan 1470:1474 xylan 1470:1474 xylan containing C. symbiosum 1470:1498 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 11 45 contain containing 1476:1485 arg2 symbiosum 1490:1498 C. symbiosum 1487:1498 C. symbiosum 1487:1498 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 11 46 theme lactate 1412:1418 arg1 concentrations 1420:1433 lactate concentrations 1412:1433 lactate concentrations 1412:1433 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 5 47 theme adult 642:646 arg1 microbes 652:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 representative adult gut microbes 627:659 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 9 48 theme symbiosum 1169:1177 arg1 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 9 48 theme symbiosum 1169:1177 arg1 co-culture 1139:1148 The co-culture 1135:1148 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum 1135:1177 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 5 49 from impact 670:675 arg1 model 724:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 6 50 theme Paired 731:736 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 50 theme Paired 731:736 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 5 51 theme dietary 584:590 arg1 polysaccharides 592:606 two dietary polysaccharides 580:606 two dietary polysaccharides 580:606 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 13 52 theme IL-8 1790:1793 arg1 expression 1795:1804 IL-8 expression 1790:1804 IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα 1790:1842 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 6 53 theme adolescentis 770:781 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 53 theme adolescentis 770:781 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 1 54 theme metabolic 177:185 arg1 level 187:191 the metabolic level 173:191 the metabolic level 173:191 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 12 55 theme cell 1634:1637 arg1 densities 1639:1647 high cell densities 1629:1647 high cell densities 1629:1647 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 8 56 theme cell 1016:1019 arg1 growth 1021:1026 Higher cell growth 1009:1026 Higher cell growth 1009:1026 Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. adolescentis and L. plantarum were dominant in co-cultures. 29803436 2 57 theme microbiome 287:296 arg1 composition 264:274 the composition 260:274 the composition of the gut microbiome 260:296 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29803436 14 58 theme polysaccharides 1935:1949 arg1 utilization 1912:1922 the utilization 1908:1922 the utilization of dietary polysaccharides 1908:1949 In summary, this work shows that microbial interactions during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides are complex and substrate dependent. 29803436 12 59 theme bioreactor 1595:1604 arg1 fermentations 1606:1618 batch bioreactor fermentations 1589:1618 batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments 1589:1694 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 4 60 theme Gut 423:425 arg1 interactions 437:448 Gut microbial interactions 423:448 Gut microbial interactions 423:448 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 5 61 theme microbes 652:659 arg1 combinations 611:622 combinations 611:622 combinations of representative adult gut microbes 611:659 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 3 62 theme High 299:302 arg1 diets 310:314 High fiber diets 299:314 High fiber diets 299:314 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 10 63 theme combined 1223:1230 arg1 growth 1242:1247 the combined bacterial growth 1219:1247 the combined bacterial growth 1219:1247 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 10 63 theme combined 1223:1230 arg1 lower 1253:1257 lower 1253:1257 lower 1253:1257 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 9 64 from xylan 1195:1199 arg1 co-culture 1139:1148 The co-culture 1135:1148 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum 1135:1177 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 9 64 from xylan 1195:1199 arg1 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 0 65 theme dietary 74:80 arg1 polysaccharides 82:96 dietary polysaccharides 74:96 dietary polysaccharides 74:96 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides. 29803436 11 66 theme high 1522:1525 arg1 butyrate 1538:1545 butyrate 1538:1545 butyrate 1538:1545 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 11 66 theme high 1522:1525 arg1 amounts 1527:1533 high amounts 1522:1533 high amounts of butyrate 1522:1545 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 2 67 theme large 241:245 arg1 influence 247:255 a large influence 239:255 a large influence 239:255 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29803436 1 68 theme host 146:149 arg1 health 151:156 host health 146:156 host health 146:156 The gut microbiome has a significant impact on host health, especially at the metabolic level. 29803436 9 69 from dominant 1183:1190 arg1 xylan 1195:1199 xylan 1195:1199 xylan 1195:1199 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 15 70 theme potent 2026:2031 arg1 effects 2051:2057 potent anti-inflammatory effects 2026:2057 potent anti-inflammatory effects 2026:2057 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 12 71 theme microbial 1554:1562 arg1 consortia 1564:1572 These microbial consortia 1548:1572 These microbial consortia 1548:1572 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 13 72 theme butyrate 1762:1769 arg1 amounts 1751:1757 high amounts 1746:1757 high amounts of butyrate 1746:1769 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 13 72 theme butyrate 1762:1769 arg1 butyrate 1762:1769 butyrate 1762:1769 butyrate 1762:1769 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 11 73 theme several 1440:1446 arg1 combinations 1448:1459 several combinations 1440:1459 several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum 1440:1498 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 5 74 theme cellular 702:709 arg1 model 724:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 a cellular inflammation model 700:728 In this work we characterized the utilization of two dietary polysaccharides by combinations of representative adult gut microbes, and the impact of their activities on a cellular inflammation model. 29803436 7 75 theme substrate 945:953 arg1 consumption 955:965 substrate consumption 945:965 substrate consumption 945:965 Their relative abundance, substrate consumption and major SCFAs produced were determined. 29803436 13 76 theme microbial 1714:1722 arg1 combination 1724:1734 a microbial combination 1712:1734 a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate 1712:1769 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 13 76 theme microbial 1714:1722 arg1 able 1775:1778 able 1775:1778 able 1775:1778 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 13 77 from expression 1795:1804 arg1 cells 1815:1819 HT-29 cells 1809:1819 HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα 1809:1842 Interestingly, a microbial combination producing high amounts of butyrate was able to reduce IL-8 expression in HT-29 cells co-incubated with TNFα. 29803436 10 78 theme few 1300:1302 arg1 exceptions 1304:1313 a few exceptions 1298:1313 a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms 1298:1358 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 3 79 theme fatty 403:407 arg1 acids 409:413 short chain fatty acids 391:413 short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 391:420 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 3 79 theme fatty 403:407 arg1 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 0 80 theme microbial 28:36 arg1 consortia 38:46 microbial consortia 28:46 microbial consortia 28:46 Anti-inflammatory effect of microbial consortia during the utilization of dietary polysaccharides. 29803436 15 81 theme microbial 2096:2104 arg1 growth 2106:2111 individual microbial growth 2085:2111 individual microbial growth 2085:2111 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 12 82 theme similar 1653:1659 arg1 profiles 1661:1668 similar profiles 1653:1668 similar profiles 1653:1668 These microbial consortia were scaled to batch bioreactor fermentations reaching high cell densities and similar profiles to co-culture experiments. 29803436 15 83 theme individual 2085:2094 arg1 growth 2106:2111 individual microbial growth 2085:2111 individual microbial growth 2085:2111 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 6 84 theme symbiosum 861:869 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 84 theme symbiosum 861:869 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 3 85 theme short 391:395 arg1 acids 409:413 short chain fatty acids 391:413 short chain fatty acids (SCFA) 391:420 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 3 85 theme short 391:395 arg1 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 SCFA 416:419 High fiber diets have been associated to health benefits that are mediated in great part by short chain fatty acids (SCFA). 29803436 4 86 theme carbohydrates 494:506 arg1 utilization 471:481 the utilization 467:481 the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome 467:528 Gut microbial interactions are relevant for the utilization of complex carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. 29803436 10 87 theme growth 1330:1335 arg1 exceptions 1304:1313 a few exceptions 1298:1313 a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms 1298:1358 In several cases the combined bacterial growth was lower in co-cultures than monocultures, with a few exceptions of synergistic growth between microorganisms. 29803436 8 88 from co-cultures 1122:1132 arg1 dominant 1110:1117 dominant 1110:1117 dominant 1110:1117 Higher cell growth was observed during inulin consumption, and B. adolescentis and L. plantarum were dominant in co-cultures. 29803436 7 89 theme relative 925:932 arg1 abundance 934:942 Their relative abundance 919:942 Their relative abundance 919:942 Their relative abundance, substrate consumption and major SCFAs produced were determined. 29803436 15 90 theme higher 2147:2152 arg1 production 2163:2172 higher butyrate production 2147:2172 higher butyrate production 2147:2172 Moreover, certain combinations deploy potent anti-inflammatory effects, which are independent of individual microbial growth, and could be mediated in part by higher butyrate production. 29803436 2 91 theme Dietary 194:200 arg1 compounds 202:210 Dietary compounds 194:210 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon 194:232 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29803436 6 92 theme plantarum 817:825 arg1 source 911:916 carbon source 904:916 carbon source 904:916 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 6 92 theme plantarum 817:825 arg1 combinations 738:749 Paired combinations 731:749 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum 731:869 Paired combinations of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides dorei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Escherichia coli and Clostridium symbiosum were grown in inulin or xylan as carbon source. 29803436 11 93 theme larger 1393:1398 arg1 acetate 1400:1406 larger acetate 1393:1406 larger acetate 1393:1406 Inulin fermentation resulted in larger acetate and lactate concentrations, and several combinations grown in xylan containing C. symbiosum were characterized by high amounts of butyrate. 29803436 9 94 theme dorei 1156:1160 arg1 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 dominant 1183:1190 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 9 94 theme dorei 1156:1160 arg1 co-culture 1139:1148 The co-culture 1135:1148 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum 1135:1177 The co-culture of B. dorei and C. symbiosum was dominant in xylan. 29803436 2 95 contain have 234:237 arg2 influence 247:255 a large influence 239:255 a large influence 239:255 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29803436 2 95 contain have 234:237 arg1 compounds 202:210 Dietary compounds 194:210 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon 194:232 Dietary compounds arriving at the colon have a large influence on the composition of the gut microbiome. 29991803 0 0 theme process 95:101 arg1 sub-product 51:61 a sub-product 49:61 a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels 49:122 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 0 1 theme extraction 84:93 arg1 process 95:101 the nanocellulose extraction process 66:101 the nanocellulose extraction process 66:101 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 3 2 from pineapple 508:516 arg1 nanocellulose 489:501 nanocellulose 489:501 nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus) 489:533 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 3 2 from pineapple 508:516 arg1 process 478:484 the extraction process 463:484 the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus) 463:533 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 0 3 theme pineapple 108:116 arg1 peels 118:122 pineapple peels 108:122 pineapple peels 108:122 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 7 4 contain have 870:873 arg1 microparticles 855:868 the microparticles 851:868 the microparticles 851:868 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 7 4 contain have 870:873 arg2 applications 885:896 potential applications 875:896 potential applications as reinforcement 875:913 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 4 5 theme underappreciated 582:597 arg1 source 599:604 an underappreciated source 579:604 an underappreciated source 579:604 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 4 5 theme underappreciated 582:597 arg1 biomass 562:568 vegetable biomass 552:568 vegetable biomass 552:568 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 5 6 theme recovery 745:752 arg1 yield 754:758 The recovery yield 741:758 The recovery yield obtained 741:767 The recovery yield obtained was 7.2 wt. 29991803 5 6 theme recovery 745:752 arg1 wt 777:778 7.2 wt 773:778 7.2 wt 773:778 The recovery yield obtained was 7.2 wt. 29991803 3 7 theme nanocellulose 489:501 arg1 process 478:484 the extraction process 463:484 the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus) 463:533 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 2 8 theme shell 275:279 arg1 microparticles 305:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles 269:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica 269:362 Pineapples present in their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica. 29991803 3 9 from process 478:484 arg1 pineapple 508:516 pineapple 508:516 pineapple (Ananas comosus) 508:533 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 6 10 dep based 783:787 arg1 % 780:780 % 780:780 % 780:780 %; based on the dried initial solid. 29991803 0 11 theme silica-based 9:20 arg1 microparticles 22:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles 0:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles 0:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 7 12 theme polymer 929:935 arg1 adhesives 918:926 adhesives 918:926 adhesives 918:926 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 7 12 theme polymer 929:935 arg1 composites 937:946 polymer composites 929:946 polymer composites 929:946 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 3 13 dep pineapple 508:516 arg1 comosus 526:532 Ananas comosus 519:532 Ananas comosus 519:532 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 4 14 theme valuable 657:664 arg1 sub-product 666:676 a highly valuable sub-product 648:676 a highly valuable sub-product 648:676 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 0 15 theme Biogenic 0:7 arg1 microparticles 22:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles 0:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles 0:35 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 4 16 theme vegetable 552:560 arg1 source 599:604 an underappreciated source 579:604 an underappreciated source 579:604 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 4 16 theme vegetable 552:560 arg1 biomass 562:568 vegetable biomass 552:568 vegetable biomass 552:568 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 1 17 from Silica 125:130 arg1 tissues 141:147 plant tissues 135:147 plant tissues 135:147 Silica in plant tissues has been suggested as a component for enhancing mechanical properties, and as a physical barrier. 29991803 3 18 theme silica-based 412:423 arg1 microparticles 425:438 silica-based microparticles 412:438 silica-based microparticles 412:438 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 1 19 theme mechanical 197:206 arg1 properties 208:217 mechanical properties 197:217 mechanical properties 197:217 Silica in plant tissues has been suggested as a component for enhancing mechanical properties, and as a physical barrier. 29991803 2 20 theme rosette-like 292:303 arg1 microparticles 305:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles 269:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica 269:362 Pineapples present in their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica. 29991803 3 21 theme extraction 467:476 arg1 process 478:484 the extraction process 463:484 the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus) 463:533 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 3 22 theme first 396:400 arg1 time 402:405 the first time 392:405 the first time 392:405 In this study, we show for the first time that silica-based microparticles are co-purified during the extraction process of nanocellulose from pineapple (Ananas comosus). 29991803 2 23 from present 258:264 arg1 microparticles 305:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles 269:318 their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica 269:362 Pineapples present in their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica. 29991803 2 24 theme biogenic 348:355 arg1 silica 357:362 biogenic silica 348:362 biogenic silica 348:362 Pineapples present in their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica. 29991803 4 25 theme biogenic 690:697 arg1 microparticles 725:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 4 26 theme rosette-like 699:710 arg1 microparticles 725:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 0 27 from peels 118:122 arg1 sub-product 51:61 a sub-product 49:61 a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels 49:122 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 1 28 theme plant 135:139 arg1 tissues 141:147 plant tissues 135:147 plant tissues 135:147 Silica in plant tissues has been suggested as a component for enhancing mechanical properties, and as a physical barrier. 29991803 7 29 theme silica 998:1003 arg1 source 988:993 a source 986:993 a source of silica for fertilizers 986:1019 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 4 30 theme silica-based 712:723 arg1 microparticles 725:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles 684:738 This shows that vegetable biomass could be an underappreciated source, not only for nanocellulose, but also for a highly valuable sub-product, like 10 µm biogenic rosette-like silica-based microparticles. 29991803 7 31 theme potential 875:883 arg1 applications 885:896 potential applications 875:896 potential applications as reinforcement 875:913 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 0 32 theme nanocellulose 70:82 arg1 process 95:101 the nanocellulose extraction process 66:101 the nanocellulose extraction process 66:101 Biogenic silica-based microparticles obtained as a sub-product of the nanocellulose extraction process from pineapple peels. 29991803 1 33 theme physical 229:236 arg1 Silica 125:130 Silica 125:130 Silica in plant tissues 125:147 Silica in plant tissues has been suggested as a component for enhancing mechanical properties, and as a physical barrier. 29991803 1 33 theme physical 229:236 arg1 barrier 238:244 a physical barrier 227:244 a physical barrier 227:244 Silica in plant tissues has been suggested as a component for enhancing mechanical properties, and as a physical barrier. 29991803 7 34 theme biomedical 956:965 arg1 field 967:971 the biomedical field 952:971 the biomedical field 952:971 Due to their size and morphology, the microparticles have potential applications as reinforcement in adhesives, polymer composites, in the biomedical field, and even as a source of silica for fertilizers. 29991803 2 35 from microparticles 305:318 arg1 present 258:264 present 258:264 present 258:264 Pineapples present in their shell and bracts rosette-like microparticles that could be associated to biogenic silica. 30986457 2 0 theme TCPCS 490:494 arg1 composite 497:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite 459:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form 459:549 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 6 1 theme TCPCS 1013:1017 arg1 composite 1019:1027 TCPCS composite 1013:1027 TCPCS composite toward fluoride removal 1013:1051 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments were conducted for TCPCS composite toward fluoride removal. 30986457 1 2 theme significant 152:162 arg1 drop 173:176 the significant pressure drop 148:176 the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions 148:227 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 3 3 contain possesses 584:592 arg1 composite 574:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 3 contain possesses 584:592 arg2 1034 mgF-/kg 612:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg 594:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 594:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 7 4 theme TCPCS 1085:1089 arg1 composite 1091:1099 TCPCS composite 1085:1099 TCPCS composite 1085:1099 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite was examined at field conditions. 30986457 1 5 theme pressure 164:171 arg1 drop 173:176 the significant pressure drop 148:176 the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions 148:227 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 7 6 theme field 1117:1121 arg1 conditions 1123:1132 field conditions 1117:1132 field conditions 1117:1132 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite was examined at field conditions. 30986457 3 7 theme synthesized 556:566 arg1 composite 574:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 2 8 theme defluoridation 288:301 arg1 DC 313:314 DC 313:314 DC 313:314 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 2 8 theme defluoridation 288:301 arg1 capacity 303:310 the defluoridation capacity 284:310 the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP 284:322 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 6 9 theme kinetic 974:980 arg1 experiments 982:992 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments 954:992 experiments 982:992 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments were conducted for TCPCS composite toward fluoride removal. 30986457 3 10 contain has 685:687 arg2 DC 693:694 got DC 689:694 got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 689:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 10 contain has 685:687 arg1 1034 mgF-/kg 612:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg 594:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 594:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 5 11 theme physico-chemical 819:834 arg1 properties 836:845 The various physico-chemical properties 807:845 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature 807:906 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 11 theme physico-chemical 819:834 arg1 temperature 896:906 temperature 896:906 temperature 896:906 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 11 theme physico-chemical 819:834 arg1 co-anions 882:890 co-anions 882:890 co-anions 882:890 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 11 theme physico-chemical 819:834 arg1 time 863:866 contact time 855:866 contact time 855:866 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 11 theme physico-chemical 819:834 arg1 pH 878:879 solution pH 869:879 solution pH 869:879 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 2 12 theme phosphate/chitosan 470:487 arg1 composite 497:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite 459:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form 459:549 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 5 13 theme contact 855:861 arg1 time 863:866 contact time 855:866 contact time 855:866 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 3 14 theme 490 699:701 arg1 DC 693:694 got DC 689:694 got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 689:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 7 15 theme composite 1091:1099 arg1 applicability 1068:1080 The practical applicability 1054:1080 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite 1054:1099 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite was examined at field conditions. 30986457 1 16 theme powder 99:104 arg1 form 106:109 The powder form 95:109 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) 95:139 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 3 17 theme 52 mgF-/kg 707:716 arg1 DC 693:694 got DC 689:694 got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 689:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 2 18 theme polymeric 431:439 arg1 matrix 441:446 chitosan polymeric matrix 422:446 chitosan polymeric matrix 422:446 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 3 19 theme TCPCS 568:572 arg1 composite 574:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite 552:582 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 2 20 theme polymeric 356:364 arg1 composite 366:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 2 21 theme chitosan 422:429 arg1 matrix 441:446 chitosan polymeric matrix 422:446 chitosan polymeric matrix 422:446 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 6 22 theme equilibrium 958:968 arg1 experiments 982:992 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments 954:992 experiments 982:992 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments were conducted for TCPCS composite toward fluoride removal. 30986457 4 23 theme prepared 736:743 arg1 adsorbents 745:754 The prepared adsorbents 732:754 The prepared adsorbents 732:754 The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM and EDAX analysis. 30986457 5 24 theme various 811:817 arg1 properties 836:845 The various physico-chemical properties 807:845 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature 807:906 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 24 theme various 811:817 arg1 temperature 896:906 temperature 896:906 temperature 896:906 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 24 theme various 811:817 arg1 co-anions 882:890 co-anions 882:890 co-anions 882:890 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 24 theme various 811:817 arg1 time 863:866 contact time 855:866 contact time 855:866 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 5 24 theme various 811:817 arg1 pH 878:879 solution pH 869:879 solution pH 869:879 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 0 25 theme chitosan 15:22 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of chitosan 0:22 Development of chitosan encapsulated tricalcium phosphate biocomposite for fluoride retention. 30986457 2 26 theme desirable 536:544 arg1 form 546:549 any desirable form 532:549 any desirable form 532:549 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 1 27 theme tricalcium 114:123 arg1 TCP 136:138 TCP 136:138 TCP 136:138 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 1 27 theme tricalcium 114:123 arg1 phosphate 125:133 tricalcium phosphate 114:133 tricalcium phosphate (TCP) 114:139 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 2 28 theme TCP 403:405 arg1 particles 407:415 TCP particles 403:415 TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix 403:446 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 0 29 theme phosphate 48:56 arg1 biocomposite 58:69 tricalcium phosphate biocomposite 37:69 tricalcium phosphate biocomposite 37:69 Development of chitosan encapsulated tricalcium phosphate biocomposite for fluoride retention. 30986457 7 30 theme practical 1058:1066 arg1 applicability 1068:1080 The practical applicability 1054:1080 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite 1054:1099 The practical applicability of TCPCS composite was examined at field conditions. 30986457 2 31 theme such 241:244 arg1 troubles 260:267 such technological troubles 241:267 such technological troubles 241:267 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 1 32 theme field 212:216 arg1 conditions 218:227 field conditions 212:227 field conditions 212:227 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 0 33 theme tricalcium 37:46 arg1 biocomposite 58:69 tricalcium phosphate biocomposite 37:69 tricalcium phosphate biocomposite 37:69 Development of chitosan encapsulated tricalcium phosphate biocomposite for fluoride retention. 30986457 2 34 theme tricalcium 459:468 arg1 composite 497:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite 459:505 tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form 459:549 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 3 35 theme enhanced 597:604 arg1 1034 mgF-/kg 612:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg 594:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 594:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 6 36 theme fluoride 1036:1043 arg1 removal 1045:1051 fluoride removal 1036:1051 fluoride removal 1036:1051 The equilibrium and kinetic experiments were conducted for TCPCS composite toward fluoride removal. 30986457 5 37 theme solution 869:876 arg1 pH 878:879 solution pH 869:879 solution pH 869:879 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 3 38 theme individual 634:643 arg1 components 645:654 the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan 630:677 the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan 630:677 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 38 theme individual 634:643 arg1 TCP 662:664 TCP 662:664 TCP 662:664 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 38 theme individual 634:643 arg1 viz. 656:659 viz. 656:659 viz. 656:659 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 38 theme individual 634:643 arg1 chitosan 670:677 chitosan 670:677 chitosan 670:677 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 1 39 theme phosphate 125:133 arg1 form 106:109 The powder form 95:109 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) 95:139 The powder form of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) causes the significant pressure drop which limit its application under field conditions. 30986457 3 40 theme of 609:610 arg1 1034 mgF-/kg 612:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg 594:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 594:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 4 41 theme EDAX 792:795 arg1 analysis 797:804 EDAX analysis 792:804 EDAX analysis 792:804 The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM and EDAX analysis. 30986457 5 42 theme maximum 930:936 arg1 defluoridation 938:951 maximum defluoridation 930:951 maximum defluoridation 930:951 The various physico-chemical properties such as contact time, solution pH, co-anions and temperature were optimized to get maximum defluoridation. 30986457 2 43 theme TCP 320:322 arg1 DC 313:314 DC 313:314 DC 313:314 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 2 43 theme TCP 320:322 arg1 capacity 303:310 the defluoridation capacity 284:310 the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP 284:322 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 3 44 theme DC 606:607 arg1 1034 mgF-/kg 612:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg 594:623 an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 594:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 2 45 theme TCP 352:354 arg1 composite 366:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 3 46 dep components 645:654 arg1 components 645:654 the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan 630:677 the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan 630:677 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 46 dep components 645:654 arg1 TCP 662:664 TCP 662:664 TCP 662:664 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 46 dep components 645:654 arg1 viz. 656:659 viz. 656:659 viz. 656:659 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 3 46 dep components 645:654 arg1 chitosan 670:677 chitosan 670:677 chitosan 670:677 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 0 47 theme fluoride 75:82 arg1 retention 84:92 fluoride retention 75:92 fluoride retention 75:92 Development of chitosan encapsulated tricalcium phosphate biocomposite for fluoride retention. 30986457 3 48 theme got 689:691 arg1 DC 693:694 got DC 689:694 got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively 689:729 The synthesized TCPCS composite possesses an enhanced DC of 1034 mgF-/kg than the individual components viz., TCP and chitosan which has got DC of 490 and 52 mgF-/kg respectively. 30986457 2 49 theme technological 246:258 arg1 troubles 260:267 such technological troubles 241:267 such technological troubles 241:267 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30986457 2 50 theme encapsulated 339:350 arg1 composite 366:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite 325:374 To trounce such technological troubles and to enhance the defluoridation capacity (DC) of TCP, chitosan (CS) encapsulated TCP polymeric composite was prepared by dispersing TCP particles into chitosan polymeric matrix to produce tricalcium phosphate/chitosan (TCPCS) composite which could be made into any desirable form. 30047034 1 0 dep in 312:313 arg1 vitro 315:319 vitro 315:319 vitro 315:319 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 7 1 dep in 1070:1071 arg1 vitro 1073:1077 vitro 1073:1077 vitro 1073:1077 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 8 2 theme % 1322:1322 arg1 release 1306:1312 a final cumulative release 1287:1312 a final cumulative release of 94.24% 1287:1322 The drug release extended up to 12 h with a final cumulative release of 94.24%. 30047034 1 3 theme CAP 207:209 arg1 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 3 theme CAP 207:209 arg1 glycol 225:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol 178:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 178:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 5 4 theme THC 913:915 arg1 bands 904:908 the vibrational bands 888:908 the vibrational bands of THC 888:915 Further, FT-IR demonstrated that the vibration bands for the polymers used were dominant over the THC, and the vibrational bands of THC were not observed from the final formulation. 30047034 5 5 theme final 944:948 arg1 formulation 950:960 the final formulation 940:960 the final formulation 940:960 Further, FT-IR demonstrated that the vibration bands for the polymers used were dominant over the THC, and the vibrational bands of THC were not observed from the final formulation. 30047034 7 6 dep has 1151:1153 arg1 followed 1155:1162 followed 1155:1162 followed 1155:1162 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 4 7 theme DSC 732:734 arg1 results 712:718 the results 708:718 the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property 708:778 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 3 8 theme formulated 551:560 arg1 NF 573:574 NF 573:574 NF 573:574 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 3 8 theme formulated 551:560 arg1 nanofiber 562:570 The formulated nanofiber 547:570 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC 547:584 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 3 9 contain has 586:588 arg1 NF 573:574 NF 573:574 NF 573:574 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 3 9 contain has 586:588 arg2 morphology 597:606 smooth morphology 590:606 smooth morphology 590:606 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 3 9 contain has 586:588 arg1 nanofiber 562:570 The formulated nanofiber 547:570 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC 547:584 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 7 10 theme anomalous 1164:1172 arg1 mechanism 1174:1182 anomalous mechanism 1164:1182 anomalous mechanism 1164:1182 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 1 11 theme -polyethylene 211:223 arg1 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 11 theme -polyethylene 211:223 arg1 glycol 225:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol 178:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 178:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 2 12 theme scanning 519:526 arg1 calorimetry 528:538 differential scanning calorimetry 506:538 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 506:544 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 12 theme scanning 519:526 arg1 DSC 541:543 DSC 541:543 DSC 541:543 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 6 13 with % 1029:1029 arg1 index 1054:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 8 14 theme drug 1249:1252 arg1 release 1254:1260 The drug release 1245:1260 The drug release 1245:1260 The drug release extended up to 12 h with a final cumulative release of 94.24%. 30047034 1 15 theme glycol 225:230 arg1 nanofiber 165:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber 134:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 134:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 2 16 theme Fourier-transform 453:469 arg1 spectroscopy 480:491 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 453:491 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 453:499 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 16 theme Fourier-transform 453:469 arg1 FT-IR 494:498 FT-IR 494:498 FT-IR 494:498 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 7 17 theme formulated 1116:1125 arg1 CAP 1138:1140 THC-loaded CAP 1127:1140 THC-loaded CAP 1127:1140 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 5 18 theme vibrational 892:902 arg1 bands 904:908 the vibrational bands 888:908 the vibrational bands of THC 888:915 Further, FT-IR demonstrated that the vibration bands for the polymers used were dominant over the THC, and the vibrational bands of THC were not observed from the final formulation. 30047034 7 19 theme release 1079:1085 arg1 study 1087:1091 the in vitro release study 1066:1091 the in vitro release study 1066:1091 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 2 20 theme electron 399:406 arg1 microscopy 408:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 0 21 dep Nanofibers 122:131 arg1 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 0 21 dep Nanofibers 122:131 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 2 22 theme scanning 390:397 arg1 microscopy 408:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 scanning electron microscopy 390:417 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 7 23 theme in 1070:1071 arg1 study 1087:1091 the in vitro release study 1066:1091 the in vitro release study 1066:1091 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 4 24 theme PXRD 723:726 arg1 results 712:718 the results 708:718 the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property 708:778 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 7 25 theme PEG 1144:1146 arg1 NF 1148:1149 PEG NF 1144:1149 PEG NF 1144:1149 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 1 26 theme composite 143:151 arg1 nanofiber 165:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber 134:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 134:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 27 theme simple 136:141 arg1 nanofiber 165:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber 134:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 134:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 28 theme electrospun 153:163 arg1 nanofiber 165:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber 134:173 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 134:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 4 29 theme THC 686:688 arg1 entrapment 657:666 entrapment 657:666 entrapment 657:666 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 4 29 theme THC 686:688 arg1 dispersion 672:681 dispersion 672:681 dispersion 672:681 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 0 30 theme Cellulose 62:70 arg1 Acetate 72:78 Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate 36:78 Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate 36:78 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 1 31 theme in 312:313 arg1 diffusion 321:329 the in vitro diffusion 308:329 the in vitro diffusion of THC 308:336 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 5 32 theme vibration 818:826 arg1 bands 828:832 the vibration bands 814:832 the vibration bands for the polymers used 814:854 Further, FT-IR demonstrated that the vibration bands for the polymers used were dominant over the THC, and the vibrational bands of THC were not observed from the final formulation. 30047034 5 32 theme vibration 818:826 arg1 dominant 861:868 dominant 861:868 dominant 861:868 Further, FT-IR demonstrated that the vibration bands for the polymers used were dominant over the THC, and the vibrational bands of THC were not observed from the final formulation. 30047034 6 33 theme PEG 1002:1004 arg1 NF 1006:1007 the final CAP + PEG NF 986:1007 NF 1006:1007 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 2 34 theme X-ray 427:431 arg1 PXRD 446:449 PXRD 446:449 PXRD 446:449 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 34 theme X-ray 427:431 arg1 diffraction 433:443 powder X-ray diffraction 420:443 powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) 420:450 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 0 35 theme Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded 36:60 arg1 Acetate 72:78 Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate 36:78 Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate 36:78 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 7 36 theme controlled 1227:1236 arg1 modes 1238:1242 swelling controlled modes 1218:1242 swelling controlled modes 1218:1242 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 3 37 theme smooth 590:595 arg1 morphology 597:606 smooth morphology 590:606 smooth morphology 590:606 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 2 38 theme powder 420:425 arg1 PXRD 446:449 PXRD 446:449 PXRD 446:449 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 38 theme powder 420:425 arg1 diffraction 433:443 powder X-ray diffraction 420:443 powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) 420:450 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 8 39 theme cumulative 1295:1304 arg1 release 1306:1312 a final cumulative release 1287:1312 a final cumulative release of 94.24% 1287:1322 The drug release extended up to 12 h with a final cumulative release of 94.24%. 30047034 6 40 theme swelling 1045:1052 arg1 index 1054:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 0 41 theme Acetate 72:78 arg1 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Characterization 16:31 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 0 41 theme Acetate 72:78 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and Characterization of Tetrahydrocurcumin-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Phthalate/Polyethylene Glycol Electrospun Nanofibers. 30047034 7 42 theme swelling 1218:1225 arg1 modes 1238:1242 swelling controlled modes 1218:1242 swelling controlled modes 1218:1242 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 2 43 theme infrared 471:478 arg1 spectroscopy 480:491 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 453:491 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 453:499 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 43 theme infrared 471:478 arg1 FT-IR 494:498 FT-IR 494:498 FT-IR 494:498 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 8 44 theme final 1289:1293 arg1 release 1306:1312 a final cumulative release 1287:1312 a final cumulative release of 94.24% 1287:1322 The drug release extended up to 12 h with a final cumulative release of 94.24%. 30047034 6 45 theme high 1040:1043 arg1 index 1054:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 the high swelling index 1036:1058 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 1 46 theme THC 334:336 arg1 diffusion 321:329 the in vitro diffusion 308:329 the in vitro diffusion of THC 308:336 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 4 47 theme crystalline 759:769 arg1 property 771:778 THC crystalline property 755:778 THC crystalline property 755:778 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 1 48 theme cellulose 178:186 arg1 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 48 theme cellulose 178:186 arg1 glycol 225:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol 178:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 178:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 4 49 theme due 736:738 arg1 PXRD 723:726 PXRD 723:726 PXRD 723:726 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 4 50 theme THC 755:757 arg1 property 771:778 THC crystalline property 755:778 THC crystalline property 755:778 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 1 51 theme acetate 188:194 arg1 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 51 theme acetate 188:194 arg1 glycol 225:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol 178:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 178:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 2 52 theme differential 506:517 arg1 calorimetry 528:538 differential scanning calorimetry 506:538 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 506:544 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 2 52 theme differential 506:517 arg1 DSC 541:543 DSC 541:543 DSC 541:543 The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 30047034 4 53 dep entrapment 657:666 arg1 The 644:646 The 644:646 The 644:646 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 1 54 theme phthalate 196:204 arg1 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 PEG 233:235 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 1 54 theme phthalate 196:204 arg1 glycol 225:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol 178:230 cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) 178:273 A simple composite electrospun nanofiber of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) loaded with tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) was developed in this study, and the in vitro diffusion of THC was evaluated. 30047034 4 55 theme complete 648:655 arg1 entrapment 657:666 entrapment 657:666 entrapment 657:666 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 6 56 theme drug 967:970 arg1 % 1029:1029 95.5% 1025:1029 95.5% with the high swelling index 1025:1058 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 6 56 theme drug 967:970 arg1 entrapment 972:981 The drug entrapment 963:981 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF 963:1007 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 30047034 7 57 theme THC-loaded 1127:1136 arg1 CAP 1138:1140 THC-loaded CAP 1127:1140 THC-loaded CAP 1127:1140 From the in vitro release study, it was found that the formulated THC-loaded CAP + PEG NF has followed anomalous mechanism, demonstrating both diffusion and swelling controlled modes. 30047034 4 58 theme property 771:778 arg1 loss 747:750 the loss 743:750 the loss of THC crystalline property 743:778 The complete entrapment and dispersion of THC was observed from the results of PXRD and DSC due to the loss of THC crystalline property. 30047034 3 59 with nanofiber 562:570 arg1 THC 582:584 THC 582:584 THC 582:584 The formulated nanofiber (NF) with THC has smooth morphology with diameter of around 300-500 nm. 30047034 6 60 theme final 990:994 arg1 CAP 996:998 the final CAP + PEG NF 986:1007 CAP 996:998 The drug entrapment by the final CAP + PEG NF was found to be 95.5% with the high swelling index. 31571829 0 0 theme natural 80:86 arg1 effect 100:105 its natural antioxidant effect 76:105 its natural antioxidant effect 76:105 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 6 1 theme cutaneous 588:596 arg1 wounds 598:603 cutaneous wounds 588:603 cutaneous wounds in rats 588:611 In animal studies, cutaneous wounds in rats were created, treated with CA-CD-Cur, then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze. 31571829 7 2 theme lower 798:802 arg1 SOD 804:806 lower SOD 798:806 lower SOD 798:806 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 8 3 theme IκBα 899:902 arg1 levels 915:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 On the contrary, catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels were higher than others. 31571829 7 4 dep RESULTS 691:697 arg1 showed 724:729 showed 724:729 showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups 724:869 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 7 5 theme peroxidation 815:826 arg1 levels 846:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 9 6 theme cutaneous 983:991 arg1 dressing 999:1006 cutaneous wound dressing 983:1006 cutaneous wound dressing that facilitate wound healing 983:1036 CONCLUSION CA-CD-Cur may facilitate cutaneous wound dressing that facilitate wound healing. 31571829 0 7 theme antioxidant 88:98 arg1 effect 100:105 its natural antioxidant effect 76:105 its natural antioxidant effect 76:105 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 9 8 theme wound 993:997 arg1 dressing 999:1006 cutaneous wound dressing 983:1006 cutaneous wound dressing that facilitate wound healing 983:1036 CONCLUSION CA-CD-Cur may facilitate cutaneous wound dressing that facilitate wound healing. 31571829 4 9 theme freeze-drying 420:432 arg1 technique 434:442 a freeze-drying technique 418:442 a freeze-drying technique 418:442 Finally, CA-CD-Cur was generated with a freeze-drying technique. 31571829 7 10 theme lipid 809:813 arg1 peroxidation 815:826 lipid peroxidation 809:826 lipid peroxidation 809:826 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 1 11 theme cutaneous 164:172 arg1 healing 180:186 cutaneous wound healing 164:186 cutaneous wound healing 164:186 PURPOSE To prepare a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing. 31571829 0 12 theme wound 55:59 arg1 healing 61:67 wound healing 55:67 wound healing 55:67 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 5 13 theme dressing 532:539 arg1 kinetics 503:510 drug-release kinetics 490:510 drug-release kinetics 490:510 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 5 13 theme dressing 532:539 arg1 capacity 458:465 Water-uptake capacity 445:465 Water-uptake capacity 445:465 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 5 13 theme dressing 532:539 arg1 rate 480:483 degradation rate 468:483 degradation rate 468:483 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 5 14 theme degradation 468:478 arg1 rate 480:483 degradation rate 468:483 degradation rate 468:483 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 1 15 theme wound 174:178 arg1 healing 180:186 cutaneous wound healing 164:186 cutaneous wound healing 164:186 PURPOSE To prepare a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing. 31571829 0 16 theme novel 2:6 arg1 dressing 34:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 8 17 theme TGFβ1 909:913 arg1 levels 915:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 On the contrary, catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels were higher than others. 31571829 7 18 theme SOD 804:806 arg1 levels 846:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 3 19 theme chitosan-alginate 352:368 arg1 mix 375:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 CD-Cur was then integrated into a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix. 31571829 7 20 theme other 858:862 arg1 groups 864:869 other groups 858:869 other groups 858:869 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 2 21 theme inclusion 280:288 arg1 CD-Cur 299:304 CD-Cur 299:304 CD-Cur 299:304 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 2 21 theme inclusion 280:288 arg1 complex 290:296 a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex 269:296 a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur) 269:305 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 9 22 theme wound 1024:1028 arg1 healing 1030:1036 wound healing 1024:1036 wound healing 1024:1036 CONCLUSION CA-CD-Cur may facilitate cutaneous wound dressing that facilitate wound healing. 31571829 0 23 theme composite 24:32 arg1 dressing 34:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 6 24 from wounds 598:603 arg1 rats 608:611 rats 608:611 rats 608:611 In animal studies, cutaneous wounds in rats were created, treated with CA-CD-Cur, then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze. 31571829 2 25 theme β-CD-Cur 271:278 arg1 CD-Cur 299:304 CD-Cur 299:304 CD-Cur 299:304 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 2 25 theme β-CD-Cur 271:278 arg1 complex 290:296 a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex 269:296 a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur) 269:305 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 0 26 theme curcumin-loaded 8:22 arg1 dressing 34:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing 0:41 A novel curcumin-loaded composite dressing facilitates wound healing due to its natural antioxidant effect. 31571829 7 27 theme closure 743:749 arg1 rates 751:755 accelerated closure rates 731:755 accelerated closure rates 731:755 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 7 28 theme histopathological 767:783 arg1 results 785:791 improved histopathological results 758:791 improved histopathological results 758:791 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 5 29 theme Water-uptake 445:456 arg1 capacity 458:465 Water-uptake capacity 445:465 Water-uptake capacity 445:465 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 7 30 theme pAktkt 839:844 arg1 levels 846:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 7 31 theme accelerated 731:741 arg1 rates 751:755 accelerated closure rates 731:755 accelerated closure rates 731:755 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 7 32 theme improved 758:765 arg1 results 785:791 improved histopathological results 758:791 improved histopathological results 758:791 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 3 33 theme CA 371:372 arg1 mix 375:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 CD-Cur was then integrated into a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix. 31571829 7 34 theme CA-CD-Cur-treated 699:715 arg1 wounds 717:722 CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds 699:722 CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds 699:722 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 31571829 8 35 theme catalase 889:896 arg1 levels 915:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels 889:920 On the contrary, catalase, IκBα, and TGFβ1 levels were higher than others. 31571829 5 36 theme formed 525:530 arg1 dressing 532:539 the newly formed dressing 515:539 the newly formed dressing 515:539 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 6 37 dep created 618:624 arg1 compared 656:663 compared 656:663 then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze 651:688 In animal studies, cutaneous wounds in rats were created, treated with CA-CD-Cur, then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze. 31571829 6 37 dep created 618:624 arg1 treated 627:633 treated 627:633 treated with CA-CD-Cur 627:648 In animal studies, cutaneous wounds in rats were created, treated with CA-CD-Cur, then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze. 31571829 1 38 theme novel 129:133 arg1 dressing 141:148 a novel wound dressing 127:148 a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing 127:186 PURPOSE To prepare a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing. 31571829 2 39 dep METHODS 189:195 arg1 Curcumin 197:204 Curcumin 197:204 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) 189:210 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 2 39 dep METHODS 189:195 arg1 Cur 207:209 Cur 207:209 Cur 207:209 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 2 40 theme ring-shaped 229:239 arg1 CD 257:258 CD 257:258 CD 257:258 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 2 40 theme ring-shaped 229:239 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 241:254 the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin 225:254 the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) 225:259 METHODS Curcumin (Cur) was added to the ring-shaped β-cyclodextrin (CD) to form a β-CD-Cur inclusion complex (CD-Cur). 31571829 1 41 theme wound 135:139 arg1 dressing 141:148 a novel wound dressing 127:148 a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing 127:186 PURPOSE To prepare a novel wound dressing to facilitate cutaneous wound healing. 31571829 6 42 theme animal 572:577 arg1 studies 579:585 animal studies 572:585 animal studies 572:585 In animal studies, cutaneous wounds in rats were created, treated with CA-CD-Cur, then compared to CA-Cur, CA, and gauze. 31571829 5 43 theme drug-release 490:501 arg1 kinetics 503:510 drug-release kinetics 490:510 drug-release kinetics 490:510 Water-uptake capacity, degradation rate, and drug-release kinetics of the newly formed dressing were investigated in vitro. 31571829 3 44 theme composite 342:350 arg1 mix 375:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix 340:377 CD-Cur was then integrated into a composite chitosan-alginate (CA) mix. 31571829 7 45 theme pI3K 829:832 arg1 levels 846:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels 798:851 RESULTS CA-CD-Cur-treated wounds showed accelerated closure rates, improved histopathological results, and lower SOD, lipid peroxidation, pI3K, and pAktkt levels than other groups. 30293027 0 0 theme heavy 80:84 arg1 ions 92:95 heavy metal ions 80:95 heavy metal ions in drinking water 80:113 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 2 1 with adsorbent 368:376 arg1 capability 401:410 a high adsorption capability 383:410 a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II) 383:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 1 2 theme drinking 148:155 arg1 purification 163:174 drinking water purification 148:174 drinking water purification 148:174 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification are demanded since the contaminants are generally in a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents. 30293027 2 3 theme @ 345:345 arg1 composite 355:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 4 4 theme metal 880:884 arg1 ions 886:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 5 theme active 632:637 arg1 sites 639:643 active sites 632:643 active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups 632:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 5 theme active 632:637 arg1 groups 672:677 amino and hydroxyl groups 653:677 groups 672:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 6 theme efficient 810:818 arg1 contact 820:826 the efficient contact 806:826 the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions 806:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 5 7 theme 204.1 962:966 arg1 capacities 948:957 maximum adsorption capacities 929:957 maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 929:983 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 7 8 theme adsorption 1096:1105 arg1 performance 1107:1117 The adsorption performance 1092:1117 The adsorption performance 1092:1117 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 0 9 theme metal 86:90 arg1 ions 92:95 heavy metal ions 80:95 heavy metal ions in drinking water 80:113 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 6 10 theme removal 1042:1048 arg1 efficiency 1050:1059 the removal efficiency 1038:1059 the removal efficiency 1038:1059 In addition, the removal efficiency reaches over 60% within 2 min. 30293027 5 11 theme SiO2 896:899 arg1 composite 910:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 2 12 theme chitosan 346:353 arg1 composite 355:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 7 13 theme adsorbing 1175:1183 arg1 ions 1215:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 0 14 theme drinking 100:107 arg1 water 109:113 drinking water 100:113 drinking water 100:113 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 3 15 theme hydroxyl 663:670 arg1 groups 672:677 amino and hydroxyl groups 653:677 groups 672:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 16 theme SiO2 486:489 arg1 scaffold 491:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold 465:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent 465:519 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 2 17 theme high 385:388 arg1 capability 401:410 a high adsorption capability 383:410 a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II) 383:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 4 18 theme ions 886:889 arg1 ions 886:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 18 theme ions 886:889 arg1 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 18 theme ions 886:889 arg1 groups 851:856 the functional groups 836:856 the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions 836:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 5 19 theme chitosan 901:908 arg1 composite 910:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 0 20 theme biomimetic 2:11 arg1 chitosan 18:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 3 21 theme amino 653:657 arg1 groups 672:677 amino and hydroxyl groups 653:677 groups 672:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 22 contain has 521:523 arg1 scaffold 491:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold 465:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent 465:519 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 22 contain has 521:523 arg2 property 543:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 23 theme chitosan 782:789 arg1 loss 774:777 loss 774:777 loss of chitosan 774:789 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 23 theme chitosan 782:789 arg1 agglomeration 756:768 agglomeration 756:768 agglomeration 756:768 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 24 theme stable 527:532 arg1 property 543:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 0 25 theme @ 17:17 arg1 chitosan 18:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 1 26 theme conventional 278:289 arg1 adsorbents 291:300 conventional adsorbents 278:300 conventional adsorbents 278:300 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification are demanded since the contaminants are generally in a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents. 30293027 7 27 theme drinking 1269:1276 arg1 water 1278:1282 drinking water 1269:1282 drinking water purification 1269:1295 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 5 28 theme 198.6 mg g-1 972:983 arg1 capacities 948:957 maximum adsorption capacities 929:957 maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 929:983 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 2 29 theme heavy 420:424 arg1 Hg 457:458 Hg 457:458 Hg(II) 457:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 2 29 theme heavy 420:424 arg1 As 447:448 As 447:448 As 447:448 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 2 29 theme heavy 420:424 arg1 ions 432:435 heavy metal ions 420:435 heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II) 420:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 2 30 theme metal 426:430 arg1 Hg 457:458 Hg 457:458 Hg(II) 457:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 2 30 theme metal 426:430 arg1 As 447:448 As 447:448 As 447:448 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 2 30 theme metal 426:430 arg1 ions 432:435 heavy metal ions 420:435 heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II) 420:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 5 31 theme @ 900:900 arg1 composite 910:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite 892:918 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 3 32 theme chitosan 584:591 arg1 nanoparticle 593:604 the chitosan nanoparticle 580:604 the chitosan nanoparticle 580:604 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 1 33 theme water 157:161 arg1 purification 163:174 drinking water purification 148:174 drinking water purification 148:174 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification are demanded since the contaminants are generally in a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents. 30293027 4 34 dep agglomeration 756:768 arg1 the 752:754 the 752:754 the 752:754 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 7 35 theme heavy 1203:1207 arg1 ions 1215:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 7 36 theme metal 1209:1213 arg1 ions 1215:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 7 37 theme promising 1245:1253 arg1 potential 1255:1263 a promising potential 1243:1263 a promising potential for drinking water purification 1243:1295 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 4 38 theme chitosan 861:868 arg1 ions 886:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 38 theme chitosan 861:868 arg1 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 38 theme chitosan 861:868 arg1 groups 851:856 the functional groups 836:856 the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions 836:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 2 39 theme adsorption 390:399 arg1 capability 401:410 a high adsorption capability 383:410 a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II) 383:462 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 7 40 theme water 1278:1282 arg1 purification 1284:1295 drinking water purification 1269:1295 drinking water purification 1269:1295 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 3 41 theme heavy 693:697 arg1 ions 705:708 heavy metal ions 693:708 heavy metal ions 693:708 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 42 theme chemical 534:541 arg1 property 543:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 a stable chemical property 525:550 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 2 43 theme SiO2 341:344 arg1 composite 355:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 3 44 theme metal 699:703 arg1 ions 705:708 heavy metal ions 693:708 heavy metal ions 693:708 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 45 theme large 616:620 arg1 sites 639:643 active sites 632:643 active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups 632:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 45 theme large 616:620 arg1 groups 672:677 amino and hydroxyl groups 653:677 groups 672:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 45 theme large 616:620 arg1 amount 622:627 a large amount 614:627 a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups 614:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 7 46 theme low-concentration 1185:1201 arg1 ions 1215:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions 1175:1218 The adsorption performance enables the presented biomimetic adsorbent suitable for adsorbing low-concentration heavy metal ions, especially possessing a promising potential for drinking water purification. 30293027 2 47 theme biomimetic 330:339 arg1 composite 355:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 5 48 theme adsorption 937:946 arg1 capacities 948:957 maximum adsorption capacities 929:957 maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 929:983 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 4 49 theme functional 840:849 arg1 ions 886:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 49 theme functional 840:849 arg1 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 chitosan 861:868 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 49 theme functional 840:849 arg1 groups 851:856 the functional groups 836:856 the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions 836:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 50 theme SiO2 723:726 arg1 structure 728:736 The special SiO2 structure 711:736 The special SiO2 structure 711:736 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 51 theme surface 566:572 arg1 SiO2 574:577 the surface SiO2 562:577 the surface SiO2 562:577 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 2 52 theme novel 324:328 arg1 composite 355:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite 322:363 Herein, we present a novel biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as adsorbent with a high adsorption capability towards heavy metal ions including As(V) and Hg(II). 30293027 0 53 from ions 92:95 arg1 water 109:113 drinking water 100:113 drinking water 100:113 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 4 54 theme special 715:721 arg1 structure 728:736 The special SiO2 structure 711:736 The special SiO2 structure 711:736 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30293027 1 55 theme efficient 123:131 arg1 adsorbents 133:142 Highly efficient adsorbents 116:142 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification 116:174 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification are demanded since the contaminants are generally in a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents. 30293027 5 56 theme maximum 929:935 arg1 capacities 948:957 maximum adsorption capacities 929:957 maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 929:983 The SiO2@chitosan composite exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 204.1 and 198.6 mg g-1 towards Hg(II) and As(V), respectively. 30293027 3 57 theme hollow 469:474 arg1 scaffold 491:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold 465:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent 465:519 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 1 58 theme low 231:233 arg1 concentration 235:247 a low concentration 229:247 a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents 229:300 Highly efficient adsorbents for drinking water purification are demanded since the contaminants are generally in a low concentration which makes it difficult for conventional adsorbents. 30293027 0 59 theme adsorbent 57:65 arg1 highly-efficient 40:55 highly-efficient 40:55 highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water 40:113 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 3 60 theme sites 639:643 arg1 sites 639:643 active sites 632:643 active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups 632:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 60 theme sites 639:643 arg1 groups 672:677 amino and hydroxyl groups 653:677 groups 672:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 3 60 theme sites 639:643 arg1 amount 622:627 a large amount 614:627 a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups 614:677 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 0 61 theme SiO2 13:16 arg1 chitosan 18:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan 0:25 A biomimetic SiO2@chitosan composite as highly-efficient adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in drinking water. 30293027 3 62 theme leaf-like 476:484 arg1 scaffold 491:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold 465:498 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent 465:519 The hollow leaf-like SiO2 scaffold within the adsorbent has a stable chemical property; while on the surface SiO2, the chitosan nanoparticle provide a large amount of active sites such as amino and hydroxyl groups for adsorbing heavy metal ions. 30293027 4 63 theme heavy 874:878 arg1 ions 886:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 heavy metal ions 874:889 The special SiO2 structure also prevents the agglomeration and loss of chitosan, which enables the efficient contact between the functional groups of chitosan and heavy metal ions. 30953352 8 0 theme JFP-S 1057:1061 arg1 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 The molecular weight of JFP-S was 113.3 kDa, which was significantly lower than that of JFP-C (174.3 kDa). 30953352 8 0 theme JFP-S 1057:1061 arg1 weight 1047:1052 The molecular weight 1033:1052 The molecular weight of JFP-S 1033:1061 The molecular weight of JFP-S was 113.3 kDa, which was significantly lower than that of JFP-C (174.3 kDa). 30953352 3 1 theme liquid 636:641 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 1 theme liquid 636:641 arg1 17.03 mL g-1 663:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 2 theme ratio 657:661 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 2 theme ratio 657:661 arg1 17.03 mL g-1 663:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 3 dep liquid 636:641 arg1 solid 645:649 solid 645:649 solid 645:649 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 3 dep liquid 636:641 arg1 L/S 652:654 L/S 652:654 L/S 652:654 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 2 4 theme water 278:282 arg1 method 284:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 13 5 theme eco-friendly 1670:1681 arg1 method 1629:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 5 theme eco-friendly 1670:1681 arg1 technology 1683:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology 1639:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1639:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 2 6 theme eco-friendly 253:264 arg1 method 284:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 1 7 theme green 173:177 arg1 solvent 179:185 a safe and green solvent 162:185 a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction 162:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 1 7 theme green 173:177 arg1 Water 126:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 2 8 from peel 339:342 arg1 pectin 311:316 extract pectin 303:316 extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C) 303:437 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 1 9 theme suitable 187:194 arg1 solvent 179:185 a safe and green solvent 162:185 a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction 162:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 1 9 theme suitable 187:194 arg1 Water 126:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 12 10 from expression 1510:1519 arg1 characterization 1541:1556 the gel textural characterization 1524:1556 the gel textural characterization of the samples 1524:1571 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 7 11 theme hairy 991:995 arg1 regions 997:1003 more hairy regions 986:1003 more hairy regions 986:1003 JFP-S had more hairy regions and side chains than JFP-C. 30953352 6 12 theme galacturonic 894:905 arg1 % 948:948 52.27% 943:948 52.27% 943:948 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 6 12 theme galacturonic 894:905 arg1 content 912:918 The galacturonic acid content 890:918 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C 890:937 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 0 13 from waste 85:89 arg1 extraction 13:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 0 13 from waste 85:89 arg1 properties 44:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 13 14 theme subcritical 1611:1621 arg1 method 1629:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 14 theme subcritical 1611:1621 arg1 technology 1683:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology 1639:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1639:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 1 15 theme natural 207:213 arg1 extraction 223:232 natural product extraction 207:232 natural product extraction 207:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 12 16 theme " -1:-1 arg1 moduli 1470:1475 G'' moduli 1466:1475 G'' moduli of JFP-S 1466:1484 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 9 17 theme infrared 1158:1165 arg1 spectroscopy 1167:1178 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1140:1178 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 1140:1185 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 9 17 theme infrared 1158:1165 arg1 FTIR 1181:1184 FTIR 1181:1184 FTIR 1181:1184 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 3 18 theme optimum 535:541 arg1 process 543:549 the optimum process 531:549 the optimum process parameters 531:560 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 11 19 theme lower 1392:1396 arg1 viscosity 1407:1415 lower apparent viscosity 1392:1415 lower apparent viscosity 1392:1415 JFP-S demonstrated lower apparent viscosity and elasticity than JFP-C. 30953352 0 20 theme jackfruit 70:78 arg1 waste 85:89 jackfruit peel waste 70:89 jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water 70:112 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 14 21 theme pectin 1827:1832 arg1 properties 1813:1822 The physicochemical properties 1793:1822 The physicochemical properties of pectin 1793:1832 The physicochemical properties of pectin could be changed during subcritical water extraction. 30953352 12 22 theme samples 1565:1571 arg1 characterization 1541:1556 the gel textural characterization 1524:1556 the gel textural characterization of the samples 1524:1571 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 10 23 theme good 1349:1352 arg1 stability 1362:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 13 24 theme citric 1773:1778 arg1 method 1785:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 1 25 theme safe 164:167 arg1 solvent 179:185 a safe and green solvent 162:185 a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction 162:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 1 25 theme safe 164:167 arg1 Water 126:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 6 26 theme JFP-C 933:937 arg1 % 948:948 52.27% 943:948 52.27% 943:948 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 6 26 theme JFP-C 933:937 arg1 content 912:918 The galacturonic acid content 890:918 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C 890:937 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 0 27 theme subcritical 96:106 arg1 water 108:112 subcritical water 96:112 subcritical water 96:112 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 12 28 theme textural 1532:1539 arg1 characterization 1541:1556 the gel textural characterization 1524:1556 the gel textural characterization of the samples 1524:1571 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 6 29 theme JFP-S 923:927 arg1 % 948:948 52.27% 943:948 52.27% 943:948 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 6 29 theme JFP-S 923:927 arg1 content 912:918 The galacturonic acid content 890:918 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C 890:937 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 9 30 theme similar 1218:1224 arg1 peaks 1252:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 2 31 theme acid 419:422 arg1 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 2 31 theme acid 419:422 arg1 method 424:429 the traditional citric acid method 396:429 the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C) 396:437 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 0 32 theme Eco-friendly 0:11 arg1 extraction 13:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 9 33 theme typical 1233:1239 arg1 peaks 1252:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 2 34 theme traditional 400:410 arg1 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 2 34 theme traditional 400:410 arg1 method 424:429 the traditional citric acid method 396:429 the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C) 396:437 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 15 35 theme Chemical 1906:1913 arg1 Industry 1915:1922 Chemical Industry 1906:1922 Chemical Industry 1906:1922 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 30953352 13 36 theme pectin 1716:1721 arg1 extraction 1702:1711 the extraction 1698:1711 the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1698:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 3 37 theme response 491:498 arg1 methodology 508:518 response surface methodology 491:518 response surface methodology (RSM) 491:524 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 37 theme response 491:498 arg1 RSM 521:523 RSM 521:523 RSM 521:523 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 1 38 theme BACKGROUND 115:124 arg1 solvent 179:185 a safe and green solvent 162:185 a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction 162:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 1 38 theme BACKGROUND 115:124 arg1 Water 126:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water 115:130 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 13 39 theme jackfruit 1728:1736 arg1 peel 1738:1741 jackfruit peel 1728:1741 jackfruit peel 1728:1741 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 14 40 theme subcritical 1858:1868 arg1 extraction 1876:1885 subcritical water extraction 1858:1885 subcritical water extraction 1858:1885 The physicochemical properties of pectin could be changed during subcritical water extraction. 30953352 2 41 theme jackfruit 329:337 arg1 JFP-S 345:349 JFP-S 345:349 JFP-S 345:349 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 2 41 theme jackfruit 329:337 arg1 peel 339:342 waste jackfruit peel 323:342 waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S) 323:350 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 0 42 theme pectin 58:63 arg1 extraction 13:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction 0:22 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 0 42 theme pectin 58:63 arg1 properties 44:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 1 43 theme product 215:221 arg1 extraction 223:232 natural product extraction 207:232 natural product extraction 207:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 3 44 theme surface 500:506 arg1 methodology 508:518 response surface methodology 491:518 response surface methodology (RSM) 491:524 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 44 theme surface 500:506 arg1 RSM 521:523 RSM 521:523 RSM 521:523 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 45 theme time 621:624 arg1 9.15 min 626:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 45 theme time 621:624 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 4 46 theme dry 737:739 arg1 149.6 g kg-1 723:734 149.6 g kg-1 723:734 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis) 723:746 Under these conditions, the pectin yield was 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis). 30953352 4 46 theme dry 737:739 arg1 basis 741:745 dry basis 737:745 dry basis 737:745 Under these conditions, the pectin yield was 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis). 30953352 10 47 theme differential 1272:1283 arg1 DSC 1307:1309 DSC 1307:1309 DSC 1307:1309 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 10 47 theme differential 1272:1283 arg1 calorimetry 1294:1304 differential scanning calorimetry 1272:1304 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 1272:1310 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 10 48 contain had 1334:1336 arg2 stability 1362:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 10 48 contain had 1334:1336 arg1 JFP-S 1318:1322 JFP-S 1318:1322 JFP-S 1318:1322 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 10 48 contain had 1334:1336 arg1 JFP-C 1328:1332 JFP-C 1328:1332 JFP-C 1328:1332 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 8 49 theme molecular 1037:1045 arg1 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 113.3 kDa 1067:1075 The molecular weight of JFP-S was 113.3 kDa, which was significantly lower than that of JFP-C (174.3 kDa). 30953352 8 49 theme molecular 1037:1045 arg1 weight 1047:1052 The molecular weight 1033:1052 The molecular weight of JFP-S 1033:1061 The molecular weight of JFP-S was 113.3 kDa, which was significantly lower than that of JFP-C (174.3 kDa). 30953352 14 50 theme physicochemical 1797:1811 arg1 properties 1813:1822 The physicochemical properties 1793:1822 The physicochemical properties of pectin 1793:1832 The physicochemical properties of pectin could be changed during subcritical water extraction. 30953352 13 51 theme time-saving 1653:1663 arg1 method 1629:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 51 theme time-saving 1653:1663 arg1 technology 1683:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology 1639:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1639:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 0 52 with waste 85:89 arg1 water 108:112 subcritical water 96:112 subcritical water 96:112 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 7 53 theme side 1009:1012 arg1 chains 1014:1019 side chains 1009:1019 side chains 1009:1019 JFP-S had more hairy regions and side chains than JFP-C. 30953352 2 54 theme subcritical 266:276 arg1 method 284:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 5 55 theme extraction 778:787 arg1 methods 789:795 the two extraction methods 770:795 the two extraction methods 770:795 Pectin obtained from the two extraction methods displayed a high degree of esterification and the monosaccharide composition was consistent. 30953352 2 56 theme extract 303:309 arg1 pectin 311:316 extract pectin 303:316 extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C) 303:437 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 13 57 theme efficient 1642:1650 arg1 method 1629:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 57 theme efficient 1642:1650 arg1 technology 1683:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology 1639:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1639:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 6 58 theme acid 907:910 arg1 % 948:948 52.27% 943:948 52.27% 943:948 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 6 58 theme acid 907:910 arg1 content 912:918 The galacturonic acid content 890:918 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C 890:937 The galacturonic acid content of JFP-S and JFP-C was 52.27% and 56.99%, respectively. 30953352 5 59 theme esterification 824:837 arg1 degree 814:819 a high degree 807:819 a high degree of esterification 807:837 Pectin obtained from the two extraction methods displayed a high degree of esterification and the monosaccharide composition was consistent. 30953352 2 60 theme waste 323:327 arg1 JFP-S 345:349 JFP-S 345:349 JFP-S 345:349 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 2 60 theme waste 323:327 arg1 peel 339:342 waste jackfruit peel 323:342 waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S) 323:350 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 3 61 theme process 543:549 arg1 parameters 551:560 the optimum process parameters 531:560 the optimum process parameters 531:560 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 13 62 dep CONCLUSION 1574:1583 arg1 showed 1595:1600 showed 1595:1600 showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1595:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 63 theme water 1623:1627 arg1 method 1629:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 the subcritical water method 1607:1634 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 63 theme water 1623:1627 arg1 technology 1683:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology 1639:1692 an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1639:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 9 64 theme Fourier-transform 1140:1156 arg1 spectroscopy 1167:1178 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 1140:1178 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 1140:1185 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 9 64 theme Fourier-transform 1140:1156 arg1 FTIR 1181:1184 FTIR 1181:1184 FTIR 1181:1184 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 12 65 theme JFP-S 1480:1484 arg1 lower 1491:1495 lower 1491:1495 lower 1491:1495 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 12 65 theme JFP-S 1480:1484 arg1 Meanwhile 1444:1452 Meanwhile 1444:1452 Meanwhile 1444:1452 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 12 65 theme JFP-S 1480:1484 arg1 G 1459:1459 the G' 1455:1460 the G' 1455:1460 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 12 65 theme JFP-S 1480:1484 arg1 moduli 1470:1475 G'' moduli 1466:1475 G'' moduli of JFP-S 1466:1484 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 11 66 theme apparent 1398:1405 arg1 viscosity 1407:1415 lower apparent viscosity 1392:1415 lower apparent viscosity 1392:1415 JFP-S demonstrated lower apparent viscosity and elasticity than JFP-C. 30953352 1 67 from use 200:202 arg1 extraction 223:232 natural product extraction 207:232 natural product extraction 207:232 BACKGROUND Water is generally considered to be a safe and green solvent suitable for use in natural product extraction. 30953352 5 68 theme monosaccharide 847:860 arg1 consistent 878:887 consistent 878:887 consistent 878:887 Pectin obtained from the two extraction methods displayed a high degree of esterification and the monosaccharide composition was consistent. 30953352 5 68 theme monosaccharide 847:860 arg1 composition 862:872 the monosaccharide composition 843:872 the monosaccharide composition 843:872 Pectin obtained from the two extraction methods displayed a high degree of esterification and the monosaccharide composition was consistent. 30953352 0 69 theme peel 80:83 arg1 waste 85:89 jackfruit peel waste 70:89 jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water 70:112 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 5 70 theme high 809:812 arg1 degree 814:819 a high degree 807:819 a high degree of esterification 807:837 Pectin obtained from the two extraction methods displayed a high degree of esterification and the monosaccharide composition was consistent. 30953352 12 71 theme G 1466:1466 arg1 moduli 1470:1475 G'' moduli 1466:1475 G'' moduli of JFP-S 1466:1484 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 13 72 theme traditional 1761:1771 arg1 method 1785:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 13 73 theme acid 1780:1783 arg1 method 1785:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 the traditional citric acid method 1757:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30953352 12 74 theme gel 1528:1530 arg1 characterization 1541:1556 the gel textural characterization 1524:1556 the gel textural characterization of the samples 1524:1571 Meanwhile, the G' and G'' moduli of JFP-S were lower, which found expression in the gel textural characterization of the samples. 30953352 4 75 theme pectin 706:711 arg1 149.6 g kg-1 723:734 149.6 g kg-1 723:734 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis) 723:746 Under these conditions, the pectin yield was 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis). 30953352 4 75 theme pectin 706:711 arg1 yield 713:717 the pectin yield 702:717 the pectin yield 702:717 Under these conditions, the pectin yield was 149.6 g kg-1 (dry basis). 30953352 9 76 theme pectin 1226:1231 arg1 peaks 1252:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 2 77 theme citric 412:417 arg1 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 JFP-C 432:436 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 2 77 theme citric 412:417 arg1 method 424:429 the traditional citric acid method 396:429 the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C) 396:437 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 10 78 theme thermal 1354:1360 arg1 stability 1362:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 relatively good thermal stability 1338:1370 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 7 79 contain had 982:984 arg2 regions 997:1003 more hairy regions 986:1003 more hairy regions 986:1003 JFP-S had more hairy regions and side chains than JFP-C. 30953352 7 79 contain had 982:984 arg2 chains 1014:1019 side chains 1009:1019 side chains 1009:1019 JFP-S had more hairy regions and side chains than JFP-C. 30953352 7 79 contain had 982:984 arg1 JFP-S 976:980 JFP-S 976:980 JFP-S 976:980 JFP-S had more hairy regions and side chains than JFP-C. 30953352 0 80 theme physicochemical 28:42 arg1 properties 44:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 physicochemical properties 28:53 Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. 30953352 9 81 theme absorption 1241:1250 arg1 peaks 1252:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 3 82 dep optimized 475:483 arg1 17.03 mL g-1 663:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 82 dep optimized 475:483 arg1 9.15 min 626:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 82 dep optimized 475:483 arg1 RESULTS 440:446 RESULTS 440:446 RESULTS 440:446 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 82 dep optimized 475:483 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 9 83 contain had 1214:1216 arg1 samples 1206:1212 two samples 1202:1212 two samples 1202:1212 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 9 83 contain had 1214:1216 arg2 peaks 1252:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 similar pectin typical absorption peaks 1218:1256 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that two samples had similar pectin typical absorption peaks. 30953352 14 84 theme water 1870:1874 arg1 extraction 1876:1885 subcritical water extraction 1858:1885 subcritical water extraction 1858:1885 The physicochemical properties of pectin could be changed during subcritical water extraction. 30953352 3 85 theme extraction 579:588 arg1 9.15 min 626:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 85 theme extraction 579:588 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 85 theme extraction 579:588 arg1 17.03 mL g-1 663:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 636:674 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 86 theme extraction 452:461 arg1 process 463:469 The extraction process 448:469 The extraction process 448:469 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 2 87 used used 295:298 arg2 method 284:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 an eco-friendly subcritical water method 250:289 In this study, an eco-friendly subcritical water method was used to extract pectin from waste jackfruit peel (JFP-S), which was compared with pectin obtained by the traditional citric acid method (JFP-C). 30953352 3 88 theme extraction 610:619 arg1 9.15 min 626:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 extraction time 9.15 min 610:633 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 3 88 theme extraction 610:619 arg1 temperature 590:600 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 extraction temperature 138 °C 579:607 RESULTS The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 138 °C, extraction time 9.15 min, liquid / solid (L/S) ratio 17.03 mL g-1 . 30953352 10 89 theme scanning 1285:1292 arg1 DSC 1307:1309 DSC 1307:1309 DSC 1307:1309 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 10 89 theme scanning 1285:1292 arg1 calorimetry 1294:1304 differential scanning calorimetry 1272:1304 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 1272:1310 According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), both JFP-S and JFP-C had relatively good thermal stability. 30953352 13 90 from peel 1738:1741 arg1 extraction 1702:1711 the extraction 1698:1711 the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method 1698:1790 CONCLUSION This work showed that the subcritical water method is an efficient, time-saving, and eco-friendly technology for the extraction of pectin from jackfruit peel compared with the traditional citric acid method. 30583354 6 0 dep decreased 997:1005 arg1 indicated 1028:1036 indicated 1028:1036 indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer 1028:1141 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 5 1 theme aromatic 879:886 arg1 compound 888:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 30583354 5 1 theme aromatic 879:886 arg1 butanal 858:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 30583354 6 2 theme Low-field 898:906 arg1 NMR 908:910 Low-field NMR 898:910 Low-field NMR 898:910 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 3 3 theme 40 rad/min 515:524 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 3 theme 40 rad/min 515:524 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 3 theme 40 rad/min 515:524 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 0 4 theme sweet 115:119 arg1 potato 121:126 roasted sweet potato 107:126 roasted sweet potato 107:126 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 4 5 theme sweet 736:740 arg1 potato 742:747 sweet potato 736:747 sweet potato 736:747 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 4 6 theme C 723:723 arg1 content 725:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content 695:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato 695:747 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 0 7 theme roasted 107:113 arg1 potato 121:126 roasted sweet potato 107:126 roasted sweet potato 107:126 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 6 8 from water 1053:1057 arg1 potato 1068:1073 sweet potato 1062:1073 sweet potato 1062:1073 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 3 9 theme vitamin 550:556 arg1 C 558:558 vitamin C 550:558 vitamin C 550:558 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 6 10 theme relaxation 970:979 arg1 T2 988:989 T2 988:989 T2 988:989 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 6 10 theme relaxation 970:979 arg1 times 981:985 relaxation times 970:985 relaxation times (T2) 970:990 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 4 11 theme starch 695:700 arg1 content 725:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content 695:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato 695:747 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 6 12 theme sweet 1062:1066 arg1 potato 1068:1073 sweet potato 1062:1073 sweet potato 1062:1073 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 4 13 theme vitamin 715:721 arg1 C 723:723 vitamin C 715:723 vitamin C 715:723 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 2 14 theme water 302:306 arg1 migration 308:316 water migration 302:316 water migration 302:316 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 1 15 theme sweet 184:188 arg1 potato 190:195 sweet potato 184:195 sweet potato 184:195 The study evaluated the optimal condition for roasting sweet potato using response surface methodology. 30583354 0 16 theme potato 121:126 arg1 properties 93:102 physicochemical properties 77:102 physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato 77:126 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 0 16 theme potato 121:126 arg1 methodology 61:71 response surface methodology 44:71 response surface methodology 44:71 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 4 17 theme antioxidant 812:822 arg1 activity 824:831 antioxidant activity 812:831 antioxidant activity 812:831 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 3 18 theme sugar 540:544 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 18 theme sugar 540:544 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 18 theme sugar 540:544 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 19 theme roasting 459:466 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 20 theme optimal 394:400 arg1 condition 411:419 the optimal roasting condition 390:419 the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 390:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 20 theme optimal 394:400 arg1 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 21 theme roasting 432:439 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 22 theme 40 min 449:454 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 22 theme 40 min 449:454 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 22 theme 40 min 449:454 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 2 23 theme potato 335:340 arg1 migration 308:316 water migration 302:316 water migration 302:316 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 2 23 theme potato 335:340 arg1 composition 243:253 Proximate composition 233:253 Proximate composition 233:253 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 2 23 theme potato 335:340 arg1 activity 268:275 antioxidant activity 256:275 antioxidant activity 256:275 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 2 23 theme potato 335:340 arg1 compounds 287:295 volatile compounds 278:295 volatile compounds 278:295 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 1 24 theme response 203:210 arg1 methodology 220:230 response surface methodology 203:230 response surface methodology 203:230 The study evaluated the optimal condition for roasting sweet potato using response surface methodology. 30583354 0 25 theme technology 27:36 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of processing technology 0:36 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 6 26 theme bound 1047:1051 arg1 water 1053:1057 the bound water 1043:1057 the bound water in sweet potato 1043:1073 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 2 27 theme sweet 329:333 arg1 potato 335:340 roasted sweet potato 321:340 roasted sweet potato 321:340 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 1 28 theme surface 212:218 arg1 methodology 220:230 response surface methodology 203:230 response surface methodology 203:230 The study evaluated the optimal condition for roasting sweet potato using response surface methodology. 30583354 3 29 theme sweet 571:575 arg1 potato 577:582 roasted sweet potato 563:582 roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 563:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 6 30 theme water 950:954 arg1 proportion 931:940 the proportion 927:940 the proportion of free water 927:954 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 3 31 theme reducing 531:538 arg1 sugar 540:544 the reducing sugar 527:544 the reducing sugar 527:544 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 2 32 theme roasted 321:327 arg1 potato 335:340 roasted sweet potato 321:340 roasted sweet potato 321:340 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 3 33 theme roasting 402:409 arg1 condition 411:419 the optimal roasting condition 390:419 the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 390:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 33 theme roasting 402:409 arg1 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 47.79 g/100 g 621:633 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 0 34 theme response 44:51 arg1 methodology 61:71 response surface methodology 44:71 response surface methodology 44:71 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 6 35 theme free 945:948 arg1 water 950:954 free water 945:954 free water 945:954 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 4 36 theme phenolic 791:798 arg1 content 800:806 total phenolic content 785:806 total phenolic content 785:806 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 2 37 theme antioxidant 256:266 arg1 activity 268:275 antioxidant activity 256:275 antioxidant activity 256:275 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 6 38 theme roast 1013:1017 arg1 process 1019:1025 roast process 1013:1025 roast process 1013:1025 Low-field NMR indicated that the proportion of free water increased and relaxation times (T2) were decreased after roast process, indicated that the bound water in sweet potato was diffused from inside to outside, thus the texture became softer. 30583354 3 39 theme potato 577:582 arg1 40 rad/min 515:524 40 rad/min 515:524 40 rad/min 515:524 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 39 theme potato 577:582 arg1 sugar 540:544 the reducing sugar 527:544 the reducing sugar 527:544 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 39 theme potato 577:582 arg1 C 558:558 vitamin C 550:558 vitamin C 550:558 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 40 theme roasting 497:504 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 0 41 theme surface 53:59 arg1 methodology 61:71 response surface methodology 44:71 response surface methodology 44:71 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 2 42 theme Proximate 233:241 arg1 composition 243:253 Proximate composition 233:253 Proximate composition 233:253 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 4 43 theme total 785:789 arg1 content 800:806 total phenolic content 785:806 total phenolic content 785:806 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 3 44 theme roasted 563:569 arg1 potato 577:582 roasted sweet potato 563:582 roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 563:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 45 theme optimal 599:605 arg1 condition 607:615 optimal condition 599:615 optimal condition 599:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 4 46 theme protein 703:709 arg1 content 725:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content 695:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato 695:747 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 3 47 theme C 558:558 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 47 theme C 558:558 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 47 theme C 558:558 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 4 48 theme potato 742:747 arg1 content 725:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content 695:731 starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato 695:747 After roasting, starch, protein and vitamin C content of sweet potato were significantly decreased, while total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were increased. 30583354 0 49 theme physicochemical 77:91 arg1 properties 93:102 physicochemical properties 77:102 physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato 77:126 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 2 50 theme volatile 278:285 arg1 compounds 287:295 volatile compounds 278:295 volatile compounds 278:295 Proximate composition, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds, and water migration of roasted sweet potato were also determined. 30583354 3 51 theme 235 °C 483:488 arg1 speed 506:510 a roasting speed 495:510 a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition 495:615 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 51 theme 235 °C 483:488 arg1 time 441:444 a roasting time 430:444 a roasting time of 40 min 430:454 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 3 51 theme 235 °C 483:488 arg1 temperature 468:478 a roasting temperature 457:478 a roasting temperature of 235 °C 457:488 The results revealed that the optimal roasting condition included a roasting time of 40 min, a roasting temperature of 235 °C, and a roasting speed of 40 rad/min, the reducing sugar and vitamin C of roasted sweet potato obtained under optimal condition was 47.79 g/100 g (DW) and 60.25 mg/100 g (DW), respectively. 30583354 1 52 theme optimal 153:159 arg1 condition 161:169 the optimal condition 149:169 the optimal condition for roasting sweet potato using response surface methodology 149:230 The study evaluated the optimal condition for roasting sweet potato using response surface methodology. 30583354 5 53 theme 2-Methyl 849:856 arg1 compound 888:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 30583354 5 53 theme 2-Methyl 849:856 arg1 butanal 858:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 30583354 0 54 theme processing 16:25 arg1 technology 27:36 processing technology 16:36 processing technology 16:36 Optimization of processing technology using response surface methodology and physicochemical properties of roasted sweet potato. 30583354 5 55 theme main 874:877 arg1 compound 888:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 the main aromatic compound 870:895 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 30583354 5 55 theme main 874:877 arg1 butanal 858:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal 849:864 2-Methyl butanal was the main aromatic compound. 31201912 0 0 theme Sludge 65:70 arg1 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 0 theme Sludge 65:70 arg1 Char 72:75 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 43:75 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 1 1 link crosslinked 153:163 arg1 beads 206:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 1 link crosslinked 153:163 arg1 composite 238:246 a novel composite 230:246 a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 230:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 5 2 theme kinetic 795:801 arg1 model 803:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 771:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption 771:826 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 0 3 theme Active 58:63 arg1 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 3 theme Active 58:63 arg1 Char 72:75 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 43:75 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 1 4 theme Cu 277:278 arg1 ions 284:287 Cu(II) ions 277:287 Cu(II) ions 277:287 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 6 5 theme /g 1103:1104 arg1 beads 1106:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 5 theme /g 1103:1104 arg1 capacity 1062:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 3 6 theme isotherm 597:604 arg1 model 606:610 the Freundlich isotherm model 582:610 the Freundlich isotherm model 582:610 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 8 7 theme thermodynamic 1197:1209 arg1 19.25 kJ·mol-1 1335:1348 19.25 kJ·mol-1 1335:1348 19.25 kJ·mol-1 1335:1348 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 8 7 theme thermodynamic 1197:1209 arg1 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1 1355:1371 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1 1355:1371 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1 1355:1371 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 8 7 theme thermodynamic 1197:1209 arg1 7.122 kJ·mol-1 1319:1332 7.122 kJ·mol-1 1319:1332 7.122 kJ·mol-1 1319:1332 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 8 7 theme thermodynamic 1197:1209 arg1 parameters 1211:1220 The thermodynamic parameters 1193:1220 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions 1193:1291 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 4 8 theme metal 674:678 arg1 uptake 680:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 4 8 theme metal 674:678 arg1 function 692:699 a function 690:699 a function of time 690:707 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 6 9 theme contact 891:897 arg1 180 min 904:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 9 theme contact 891:897 arg1 dosage 883:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 0 10 theme Char 72:75 arg1 beads 84:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 3 11 theme Freundlich 586:595 arg1 model 606:610 the Freundlich isotherm model 582:610 the Freundlich isotherm model 582:610 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 4 12 theme theoretical 662:672 arg1 uptake 680:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 4 12 theme theoretical 662:672 arg1 function 692:699 a function 690:699 a function of time 690:707 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 6 13 contain contained 1011:1019 arg1 solution 1002:1009 the aqueous solution 990:1009 the aqueous solution 990:1009 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 13 contain contained 1011:1019 arg2 ions 1037:1040 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions 1021:1040 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions 1021:1040 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 8 14 theme Cu 1281:1282 arg1 ions 1288:1291 Cu(II) ions 1281:1291 Cu(II) ions 1281:1291 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 6 15 theme Cu 1097:1098 arg1 beads 1106:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 15 theme Cu 1097:1098 arg1 capacity 1062:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 3 16 from isotherms 456:464 arg1 adsorbents 484:493 adsorbents 484:493 adsorbents 484:493 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 6 17 theme Cu 1030:1031 arg1 ions 1037:1040 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions 1021:1040 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions 1021:1040 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 18 theme WASC 938:941 arg1 able 954:957 able 954:957 able 954:957 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 18 theme WASC 938:941 arg1 beads 943:947 the WASC beads 934:947 the WASC beads 934:947 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 1 19 from solution 302:309 arg1 removal 266:272 the removal 262:272 the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 262:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 20 theme ions 284:287 arg1 removal 266:272 the removal 262:272 the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 262:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 6 21 theme 980.80 mg 1087:1095 arg1 II 1100:1101 II 1100:1101 II 1100:1101 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 21 theme 980.80 mg 1087:1095 arg1 Cu 1097:1098 980.80 mg Cu 1087:1098 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 3 22 theme Cu 469:470 arg1 ions 476:479 Cu(II) ions 469:479 Cu(II) ions 469:479 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 8 23 theme ions 1288:1291 arg1 adsorption 1267:1276 the adsorption 1263:1276 the adsorption of Cu(II) ions 1263:1291 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 2 24 theme beads 378:382 arg1 morphology 324:333 surface morphology 316:333 surface morphology 316:333 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 2 24 theme beads 378:382 arg1 composition 349:359 elemental composition 339:359 elemental composition 339:359 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 2 25 theme Electron 418:425 arg1 SEM 439:441 SEM 439:441 SEM 439:441 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 2 25 theme Electron 418:425 arg1 Microscopy 427:436 Scanning Electron Microscopy 409:436 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 409:442 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 2 26 theme chitosan/WASC 364:376 arg1 beads 378:382 chitosan/WASC beads 364:382 chitosan/WASC beads 364:382 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 8 27 theme ∆S° 1247:1249 arg1 changes 1251:1257 ∆S° changes 1247:1257 ∆S° changes 1247:1257 The thermodynamic parameters like ∆G°(298K), ∆H°, and ∆S° changes for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions have been calculated as - 7.122 kJ·mol-1, 19.25 kJ·mol-1, and 88.49 J·mol-1·K-1, respectively. 31201912 5 28 theme highest 714:720 arg1 R2 747:748 R2 747:748 R2 747:748 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 5 28 theme highest 714:720 arg1 coefficient 734:744 The highest correlation coefficient 710:744 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) 710:749 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 4 29 theme time 704:707 arg1 uptake 680:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 the theoretical metal uptake 658:685 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 4 29 theme time 704:707 arg1 function 692:699 a function 690:699 a function of time 690:707 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 6 30 theme aqueous 994:1000 arg1 solution 1002:1009 the aqueous solution 990:1009 the aqueous solution 990:1009 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 2 31 theme elemental 339:347 arg1 composition 349:359 elemental composition 339:359 elemental composition 339:359 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 0 32 theme Cu 14:15 arg1 ions 21:24 Cu(II) ions 14:24 Cu(II) ions 14:24 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 6 33 theme 0.25 g/L 864:871 arg1 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 33 theme 0.25 g/L 864:871 arg1 180 min 904:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 33 theme 0.25 g/L 864:871 arg1 dosage 883:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 1 34 theme aqueous 294:300 arg1 solution 302:309 aqueous solution 294:309 aqueous solution 294:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 3 35 theme ions 476:479 arg1 isotherms 456:464 Adsorption isotherms 445:464 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents 445:493 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 5 36 theme pseudo-second 775:787 arg1 model 803:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 771:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption 771:826 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 2 37 theme Scanning 409:416 arg1 SEM 439:441 SEM 439:441 SEM 439:441 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 2 37 theme Scanning 409:416 arg1 Microscopy 427:436 Scanning Electron Microscopy 409:436 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 409:442 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 1 38 theme novel 232:236 arg1 beads 206:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 38 theme novel 232:236 arg1 composite 238:246 a novel composite 230:246 a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 230:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 2 39 dep morphology 324:333 arg1 The 312:314 The 312:314 The 312:314 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 1 40 theme crosslinked 153:163 arg1 beads 206:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 40 theme crosslinked 153:163 arg1 composite 238:246 a novel composite 230:246 a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 230:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 6 41 theme time 899:902 arg1 180 min 904:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 41 theme time 899:902 arg1 dosage 883:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 42 dep studies 855:861 arg1 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 42 dep studies 855:861 arg1 180 min 904:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 42 dep studies 855:861 arg1 dosage 883:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 7 43 theme reported 1177:1184 arg1 paper 1186:1190 any reported paper 1173:1190 any reported paper 1173:1190 This value is a great significant as it is much higher than any reported paper. 31201912 1 44 theme chitosan/Waste 165:178 arg1 Char 194:197 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 165:197 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 44 theme chitosan/Waste 165:178 arg1 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 45 theme adsorbent 248:256 arg1 beads 206:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 45 theme adsorbent 248:256 arg1 composite 238:246 a novel composite 230:246 a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 230:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 6 46 theme adsorbent 873:881 arg1 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 pH 5 913:916 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 46 theme adsorbent 873:881 arg1 180 min 904:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 contact time 180 min 891:910 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 46 theme adsorbent 873:881 arg1 dosage 883:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage 864:888 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 47 theme adsorption 1051:1060 arg1 beads 1106:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads 1087:1110 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 47 theme adsorption 1051:1060 arg1 capacity 1062:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 the adsorption capacity 1047:1069 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 48 theme Cu 978:979 arg1 II 981:982 II 981:982 II 981:982 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 48 theme Cu 978:979 arg1 Cu 978:979 Cu 978:979 Cu(II) 978:983 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 48 theme Cu 978:979 arg1 % 973:973 81.7% 969:973 81.7% of Cu(II) 969:983 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 4 49 theme kinetic 617:623 arg1 data 625:628 The kinetic data 613:628 The kinetic data 613:628 The kinetic data were evaluated to calculate the theoretical metal uptake as a function of time. 31201912 0 50 theme ions 21:24 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 0:136 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 6 51 theme successive 833:842 arg1 studies 855:861 The successive adsorption studies 829:861 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) 829:917 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 7 52 dep significant 1135:1145 arg1 higher 1161:1166 higher 1161:1166 higher 1161:1166 This value is a great significant as it is much higher than any reported paper. 31201912 0 53 theme thermodynamic 117:129 arg1 study 131:135 thermodynamic study 117:135 thermodynamic study 117:135 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 3 54 theme Freundlich 533:542 arg1 models 544:549 the Langmuir and Freundlich models 516:549 models 544:549 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 0 55 link crosslinked 31:41 arg1 beads 84:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 1 56 theme Active 180:185 arg1 Char 194:197 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 165:197 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 56 theme Active 180:185 arg1 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 6 57 theme 300 mg/L 1021:1028 arg1 Cu 1030:1031 300 mg/L Cu 1021:1031 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions 1021:1040 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 6 57 theme 300 mg/L 1021:1028 arg1 II 1033:1034 II 1033:1034 II 1033:1034 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 31201912 5 58 theme correlation 722:732 arg1 R2 747:748 R2 747:748 R2 747:748 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 5 58 theme correlation 722:732 arg1 coefficient 734:744 The highest correlation coefficient 710:744 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) 710:749 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 1 59 theme Sludge 187:192 arg1 Char 194:197 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 165:197 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 59 theme Sludge 187:192 arg1 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 WASC 200:203 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 0 60 theme chitosan/Waste 43:56 arg1 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 WASC 78:81 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 60 theme chitosan/Waste 43:56 arg1 Char 72:75 chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char 43:75 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 2 61 theme surface 316:322 arg1 morphology 324:333 surface morphology 316:333 surface morphology 316:333 The surface morphology and elemental composition of chitosan/WASC beads were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 31201912 3 62 theme Langmuir 520:527 arg1 models 544:549 the Langmuir and Freundlich models 516:549 models 544:549 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 3 63 theme Adsorption 445:454 arg1 isotherms 456:464 Adsorption isotherms 445:464 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents 445:493 Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) ions on adsorbents were correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the data fitted better to the Freundlich isotherm model. 31201912 1 64 theme Char 194:197 arg1 beads 206:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 153:210 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 1 64 theme Char 194:197 arg1 composite 238:246 a novel composite 230:246 a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution 230:309 In this study, crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads were developed as a novel composite adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution. 31201912 0 65 theme crosslinked 31:41 arg1 beads 84:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads 31:88 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 66 dep Adsorption 0:9 arg1 Kinetic 91:97 Kinetic 91:97 Kinetic 91:97 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 66 dep Adsorption 0:9 arg1 study 131:135 thermodynamic study 117:135 thermodynamic study 117:135 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 0 66 dep Adsorption 0:9 arg1 equilibrium 100:110 equilibrium 100:110 equilibrium 100:110 Adsorption of Cu(II) ions onto crosslinked chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) beads: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. 31201912 5 67 theme order 789:793 arg1 model 803:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 771:807 the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption 771:826 The highest correlation coefficient (R2) was calculated with the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption. 31201912 6 68 theme adsorption 844:853 arg1 studies 855:861 The successive adsorption studies 829:861 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) 829:917 The successive adsorption studies (0.25 g/L adsorbent dosage, contact time 180 min, pH 5) indicated that the WASC beads were able to remove 81.7% of Cu(II) from the aqueous solution contained 300 mg/L Cu(II) ions, and the adsorption capacity was obtained as 980.80 mg Cu(II)/g beads. 29981330 1 0 theme lactic 315:320 arg1 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 0 theme lactic 315:320 arg1 nanocrystal 344:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal 309:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 309:360 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 7 1 theme Criado 1648:1653 arg1 plots 1655:1659 Criado plots 1648:1659 Criado plots 1648:1659 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 1 2 dep % 416:416 arg1 i.e. 410:413 i.e. 410:413 i.e. 410:413 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 3 theme fabricated 263:272 arg1 foam 293:296 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam 259:296 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) 259:303 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 3 theme fabricated 263:272 arg1 nPLA 299:302 nPLA 299:302 nPLA 299:302 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 4 theme acid 322:325 arg1 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 4 theme acid 322:325 arg1 nanocrystal 344:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal 309:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 309:360 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 5 theme different 383:391 arg1 loadings 393:400 three different loadings 377:400 three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) 377:428 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 4 6 used utilized 1105:1112 arg2 approaches 983:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches 953:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet 953:1093 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 1 7 theme microcellular 509:521 arg1 morphology 523:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 8 theme poly 274:277 arg1 foam 293:296 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam 259:296 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) 259:303 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 8 theme poly 274:277 arg1 nPLA 299:302 nPLA 299:302 nPLA 299:302 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 0 9 theme cellulose 85:93 arg1 CNC 109:111 CNC 109:111 CNC 109:111 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 0 9 theme cellulose 85:93 arg1 nanocrystals 95:106 cellulose nanocrystals 85:106 cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 85:112 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 4 10 theme degradation 1133:1143 arg1 kinetics 1145:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics 1118:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams 1118:1176 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 3 11 theme porosity 790:797 arg1 Effect 780:785 Effect 780:785 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA 780:878 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 5 12 theme crystallization 1284:1298 arg1 process 1300:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process 1252:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place 1252:1319 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 7 13 theme degradation 1595:1605 arg1 mechanism 1582:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism 1546:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation 1546:1605 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 3 14 theme thermal 829:835 arg1 degradation 837:847 thermal degradation 829:847 thermal degradation 829:847 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 1 15 theme lactic 280:285 arg1 poly 274:277 poly 274:277 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) 259:303 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 15 theme lactic 280:285 arg1 acid 287:290 lactic acid 280:290 lactic acid 280:290 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 16 theme PLA 329:331 arg1 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 16 theme PLA 329:331 arg1 nanocrystal 344:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal 309:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 309:360 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 17 theme CNC 405:407 arg1 loadings 393:400 three different loadings 377:400 three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) 377:428 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 7 18 theme dimensional 1560:1570 arg1 mechanism 1582:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism 1546:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation 1546:1605 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 2 19 theme infrared 713:720 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 19 theme infrared 713:720 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 1 20 theme current 155:161 arg1 investigation 163:175 The current investigation 151:175 The current investigation 151:175 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 0 21 theme nanocrystals 95:106 arg1 behaviour 20:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 0 21 theme nanocrystals 95:106 arg1 kinetics 50:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 5 22 theme crystallization 1199:1213 arg1 kinetics 1215:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics 1179:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams 1179:1242 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 3 23 theme reinforcement 807:819 arg1 Effect 780:785 Effect 780:785 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA 780:878 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 0 24 theme degradation 8:18 arg1 behaviour 20:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 1 25 theme /cellulose 333:342 arg1 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 25 theme /cellulose 333:342 arg1 nanocrystal 344:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal 309:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 309:360 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 2 26 theme products 568:575 arg1 formation 539:547 The formation 535:547 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) 535:626 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 5 27 theme secondary 1274:1282 arg1 process 1300:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process 1252:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place 1252:1319 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 0 28 theme Thermal 0:6 arg1 behaviour 20:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 2 29 theme gaseous 560:566 arg1 products 568:575 various gaseous products 552:575 various gaseous products 552:575 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 4 30 theme foams 1172:1176 arg1 kinetics 1145:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics 1118:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams 1118:1176 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 2 31 theme Fourier 692:698 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 31 theme Fourier 692:698 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 32 from conversions 594:604 arg1 formation 539:547 The formation 535:547 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) 535:626 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 4 33 theme " 964:964 arg1 approaches 983:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches 953:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet 953:1093 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 4 34 theme non-isothermal 1118:1131 arg1 kinetics 1145:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics 1118:1152 non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams 1118:1176 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 7 35 theme diffusion 1572:1580 arg1 mechanism 1582:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism 1546:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation 1546:1605 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 2 36 theme various 552:558 arg1 products 568:575 various gaseous products 552:575 various gaseous products 552:575 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 37 theme hyphenated 681:690 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 37 theme hyphenated 681:690 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 1 38 theme thermal 191:197 arg1 degradation 199:209 the thermal degradation 187:209 the thermal degradation 187:209 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 4 39 theme Model-free 954:963 arg1 " 964:964 "Model-free" 953:964 "Model-free" 953:964 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 1 40 theme foam 293:296 arg1 foams 368:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 3 41 theme PLA 876:878 arg1 crystallization 853:867 crystallization 853:867 crystallization 853:867 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 3 41 theme PLA 876:878 arg1 degradation 837:847 thermal degradation 829:847 thermal degradation 829:847 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 1 42 theme nanocrystal 344:354 arg1 foams 368:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 2 43 dep conversions 594:604 arg1 α = 0.7 619:625 α = 0.7 619:625 α = 0.7 619:625 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 43 dep conversions 594:604 arg1 α = 0.3 607:613 α = 0.3 607:613 α = 0.3 607:613 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 44 theme analyser 672:679 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 44 theme analyser 672:679 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 5 45 theme fabricated 1227:1236 arg1 foams 1238:1242 fabricated foams 1227:1242 fabricated foams 1227:1242 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 5 46 theme primary 1262:1268 arg1 process 1300:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process 1252:1306 that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place 1252:1319 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 0 47 theme microcellular 120:132 arg1 foams 144:148 microcellular composite foams 120:148 microcellular composite foams 120:148 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 4 48 theme " 981:981 arg1 approaches 983:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches 953:992 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet 953:1093 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 2 49 theme thermogravimetric 654:670 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 49 theme thermogravimetric 654:670 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 0 50 theme crystallization 34:48 arg1 kinetics 50:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 7 51 theme complex 1546:1552 arg1 mechanism 1582:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism 1546:1590 complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation 1546:1605 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 1 52 theme non-isothermal 215:228 arg1 behaviour 246:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 0 53 theme poly 62:65 arg1 behaviour 20:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour 0:28 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 0 53 theme poly 62:65 arg1 kinetics 50:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 crystallization kinetics 34:57 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 5 54 theme Non-isothermal 1179:1192 arg1 kinetics 1215:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics 1179:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams 1179:1242 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 0 55 theme composite 134:142 arg1 foams 144:148 microcellular composite foams 120:148 microcellular composite foams 120:148 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 1 56 theme based 362:366 arg1 foams 368:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams 259:372 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 4 57 theme fabricated 1161:1170 arg1 foams 1172:1176 the fabricated foams 1157:1176 the fabricated foams 1157:1176 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 2 58 theme different 584:592 arg1 conversions 594:604 two different conversions 580:604 two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) 580:626 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 5 59 theme melt 1194:1197 arg1 kinetics 1215:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics 1179:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams 1179:1242 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 1 60 theme poly 309:312 arg1 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 CNC 357:359 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 60 theme poly 309:312 arg1 nanocrystal 344:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal 309:354 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 309:360 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 61 theme foams 368:372 arg1 degradation 199:209 the thermal degradation 187:209 the thermal degradation 187:209 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 1 61 theme foams 368:372 arg1 behaviour 246:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 3 62 theme CNC 803:805 arg1 reinforcement 807:819 CNC reinforcement 803:819 CNC reinforcement 803:819 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 2 63 theme spectroscopy 722:733 arg1 analysis 746:753 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 1 64 theme crystallization 230:244 arg1 behaviour 246:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 non-isothermal crystallization behaviour 215:254 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 6 65 theme activation 1335:1344 arg1 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO are ~175.8 kJ/mol, ~198.6 kJ/mol, ~175.5 kJ/mol and ~174.7 kJ/mol for nPLA, PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 respectively. 29981330 6 65 theme activation 1335:1344 arg1 energy 1346:1351 The apparent activation energy 1322:1351 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO 1322:1371 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO are ~175.8 kJ/mol, ~198.6 kJ/mol, ~175.5 kJ/mol and ~174.7 kJ/mol for nPLA, PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 respectively. 29981330 3 66 theme mercury 916:922 arg1 MIP 947:949 MIP 947:949 MIP 947:949 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 3 66 theme mercury 916:922 arg1 porosimetry 934:944 mercury intrusion porosimetry 916:944 mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) 916:950 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 5 67 theme foams 1238:1242 arg1 kinetics 1215:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics 1179:1222 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams 1179:1242 Non-isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of fabricated foams reveals that both primary and secondary crystallization process taking place. 29981330 1 68 theme porous 482:487 arg1 morphology 523:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 7 69 theme higher 1526:1531 arg1 conversions 1533:1543 higher conversions 1526:1543 higher conversions 1526:1543 It is also observed that at higher conversions, complex three dimensional diffusion mechanism of degradation might be taking place in accordance with Criado plots. 29981330 0 70 theme lactic 68:73 arg1 acid 75:78 lactic acid 68:78 lactic acid 68:78 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 0 70 theme lactic 68:73 arg1 poly 62:65 poly 62:65 poly (lactic acid) 62:79 Thermal degradation behaviour and crystallization kinetics of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) based microcellular composite foams. 29981330 4 71 theme modelistic 971:980 arg1 " 981:981 "modelistic" 970:981 "modelistic" 970:981 "Model-free" and "modelistic" approaches like Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sinouse (KAS), Kissinger and Augis & Bennet have been utilized for non-isothermal degradation kinetics of the fabricated foams. 29981330 3 72 theme intrusion 924:932 arg1 MIP 947:949 MIP 947:949 MIP 947:949 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 3 72 theme intrusion 924:932 arg1 porosimetry 934:944 mercury intrusion porosimetry 916:944 mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) 916:950 Effect of porosity and CNC reinforcement towards thermal degradation and crystallization of the PLA is thoroughly investigated by using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). 29981330 2 73 theme transmission 700:711 arg1 spectroscopy 722:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy 654:733 thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis 654:753 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 2 73 theme transmission 700:711 arg1 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 TGA-FTIR 736:743 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 29981330 6 74 theme apparent 1326:1333 arg1 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 ~175.8 kJ/mol 1377:1389 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO are ~175.8 kJ/mol, ~198.6 kJ/mol, ~175.5 kJ/mol and ~174.7 kJ/mol for nPLA, PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 respectively. 29981330 6 74 theme apparent 1326:1333 arg1 energy 1346:1351 The apparent activation energy 1322:1351 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO 1322:1371 The apparent activation energy calculated from FWO are ~175.8 kJ/mol, ~198.6 kJ/mol, ~175.5 kJ/mol and ~174.7 kJ/mol for nPLA, PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 respectively. 29981330 1 75 theme interconnected 490:503 arg1 morphology 523:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology 475:532 The current investigation addresses the thermal degradation and non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of the fabricated poly (lactic acid) foam (nPLA) and poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based foams at three different loadings of CNC (i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) as PLA/CNC 1, PLA/CNC 2 and PLA/CNC 3 having highly porous, interconnected and microcellular morphology. 29981330 2 76 theme isothermal 758:767 arg1 condition 769:777 isothermal condition 758:777 isothermal condition 758:777 The formation of various gaseous products at two different conversions (α = 0.3 and α = 0.7) are investigated by using thermogravimetric analyser hyphenated Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis in isothermal condition. 31813688 5 0 theme carboxyl 871:878 arg1 groups 898:903 hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 861:903 groups 898:903 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 5 1 theme hydroxyl 861:868 arg1 carboxyl 871:878 hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 861:903 carboxyl 871:878 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 2 2 theme efficient 277:285 arg1 removal 303:309 efficient and synergistic removal 277:309 efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 277:330 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 8 3 theme complexes 1275:1283 arg1 co-removal 1238:1247 the co-removal 1234:1247 the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1234:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 6 4 theme electrostatic 1052:1064 arg1 attraction 1066:1075 the electrostatic attraction 1048:1075 the electrostatic attraction 1048:1075 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 2 5 theme Nitrogen-doped 179:192 arg1 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 2 5 theme Nitrogen-doped 179:192 arg1 composites 228:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites 179:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) 179:245 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 1 6 dep Cr 95:96 arg1 VI 98:99 VI 98:99 VI 98:99 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 5 7 theme electrostatic 731:743 arg1 repulsion 745:753 the electrostatic repulsion 727:753 the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding 727:805 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 4 8 theme phosphate 572:580 arg1 ions 582:585 phosphate ions 572:585 phosphate ions 572:585 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 0 9 theme biomass-based 69:81 arg1 composites 83:92 bi-functional biomass-based composites 55:92 bi-functional biomass-based composites 55:92 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 8 10 from co-removal 1238:1247 arg1 wastewater 1290:1299 wastewater 1290:1299 wastewater 1290:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 6 11 theme cation 975:980 arg1 bridges 982:988 cation bridges 975:988 cation bridges 975:988 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 2 12 theme Cd 325:326 arg1 removal 303:309 efficient and synergistic removal 277:309 efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 277:330 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 0 13 theme bi-functional 55:67 arg1 composites 83:92 bi-functional biomass-based composites 55:92 bi-functional biomass-based composites 55:92 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 2 14 theme bi-functional 195:207 arg1 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 2 14 theme bi-functional 195:207 arg1 composites 228:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites 179:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) 179:245 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 0 15 theme synergistic 9:19 arg1 removal 21:27 synergistic removal 9:27 synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 9:48 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 4 16 with removal 519:525 arg1 ratio 561:565 the best promotion ratio 542:565 the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions 542:585 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 8 17 from potential 1221:1229 arg1 co-removal 1238:1247 the co-removal 1234:1247 the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1234:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 4 18 theme promotion 551:559 arg1 ratio 561:565 the best promotion ratio 542:565 the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions 542:585 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 2 19 theme Cr 314:315 arg1 removal 303:309 efficient and synergistic removal 277:309 efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 277:330 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 5 20 theme following 611:619 arg1 mechanisms 632:641 The following co-removal mechanisms 607:641 The following co-removal mechanisms 607:641 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 4 21 theme best 546:549 arg1 ratio 561:565 the best promotion ratio 542:565 the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions 542:585 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 5 22 theme co-removal 621:630 arg1 mechanisms 632:641 The following co-removal mechanisms 607:641 The following co-removal mechanisms 607:641 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 6 23 dep Cd 910:911 arg1 2 907:907 2 907:907 2 907:907 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 1 24 theme typical 117:123 arg1 Cr 95:96 Cr 95:96 Cr(VI) 95:100 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 24 theme typical 117:123 arg1 Cd 106:107 Cd 106:107 Cd(II) 106:111 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 24 theme typical 117:123 arg1 ions 137:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 5 25 dep combined 676:683 arg1 1 666:666 1 666:666 1 666:666 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 5 25 dep combined 676:683 arg1 VI 672:673 VI 672:673 VI 672:673 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 4 26 theme Cd 530:531 arg1 removal 519:525 the removal 515:525 the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions 515:585 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 5 27 with coordination 833:844 arg1 groups 898:903 hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 861:903 groups 898:903 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 1 28 theme heavy 125:129 arg1 Cr 95:96 Cr 95:96 Cr(VI) 95:100 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 28 theme heavy 125:129 arg1 Cd 106:107 Cd 106:107 Cd(II) 106:111 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 28 theme heavy 125:129 arg1 ions 137:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 29 theme metal 131:135 arg1 Cr 95:96 Cr 95:96 Cr(VI) 95:100 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 29 theme metal 131:135 arg1 Cd 106:107 Cd 106:107 Cd(II) 106:111 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 1 29 theme metal 131:135 arg1 ions 137:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 typical heavy metal ions 117:140 Cr(VI) and Cd(II) are typical heavy metal ions and their co-removal is significant. 31813688 6 30 theme imine 951:955 arg1 groups 957:962 neutral imine groups 943:962 neutral imine groups 943:962 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 6 31 with interaction 1013:1023 arg1 Cr 1030:1031 Cr 1030:1031 Cr(VI) 1030:1035 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 3 32 theme mutual 337:342 arg1 % 417:417 161.32 % 410:417 161.32 % 410:417 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 3 32 theme mutual 337:342 arg1 ratios 354:359 The mutual promotion ratios 333:359 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 333:403 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 0 33 theme Cr 32:33 arg1 removal 21:27 synergistic removal 9:27 synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 9:48 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 5 34 theme imine 892:896 arg1 groups 898:903 hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 861:903 groups 898:903 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 6 35 dep Cr 1030:1031 arg1 VI 1033:1034 VI 1033:1034 VI 1033:1034 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 5 36 theme Cd 849:850 arg1 coordination 833:844 the coordination 829:844 the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 829:903 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 5 37 theme electrostatic 783:795 arg1 shielding 797:805 electrostatic shielding 783:805 electrostatic shielding 783:805 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 3 38 theme promotion 344:352 arg1 % 417:417 161.32 % 410:417 161.32 % 410:417 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 3 38 theme promotion 344:352 arg1 ratios 354:359 The mutual promotion ratios 333:359 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 333:403 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 8 39 theme great 1215:1219 arg1 potential 1221:1229 a great potential 1213:1229 a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1213:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 7 40 dep Cr 1113:1114 arg1 VI 1116:1117 VI 1116:1117 VI 1116:1117 Moreover, the removal capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) did not display obvious reduction even after four cycles. 31813688 5 41 theme neutral 884:890 arg1 groups 898:903 hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups 861:903 groups 898:903 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 8 42 from wastewater 1290:1299 arg1 co-removal 1238:1247 the co-removal 1234:1247 the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1234:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 8 42 from wastewater 1290:1299 arg1 complexes 1275:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes 1252:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1252:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 0 43 dep Cr 32:33 arg1 VI 35:36 VI 35:36 VI 35:36 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 5 44 theme protonated 690:699 arg1 groups 707:712 protonated imine groups 690:712 protonated imine groups 690:712 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 2 45 dep Cr 314:315 arg1 VI 317:318 VI 317:318 VI 317:318 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 6 46 theme neutral 943:949 arg1 groups 957:962 neutral imine groups 943:962 neutral imine groups 943:962 (2) Cd(II) which were coordinated to neutral imine groups could form cation bridges, and thus promoted the interaction with Cr(VI) because of the electrostatic attraction. 31813688 3 47 theme adsorption 364:373 arg1 capacity 375:382 adsorption capacity 364:382 adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 364:403 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 7 48 theme removal 1092:1098 arg1 capacity 1100:1107 the removal capacity 1088:1107 the removal capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 1088:1129 Moreover, the removal capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) did not display obvious reduction even after four cycles. 31813688 3 49 dep Cr 387:388 arg1 VI 390:391 VI 390:391 VI 390:391 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 7 50 theme obvious 1147:1153 arg1 reduction 1155:1163 obvious reduction 1147:1163 obvious reduction 1147:1163 Moreover, the removal capacity for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) did not display obvious reduction even after four cycles. 31813688 2 51 theme biomass-based 214:226 arg1 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 CP-BA 240:244 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 2 51 theme biomass-based 214:226 arg1 composites 228:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites 179:237 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) 179:245 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 3 52 theme capacity 375:382 arg1 % 417:417 161.32 % 410:417 161.32 % 410:417 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 3 52 theme capacity 375:382 arg1 ratios 354:359 The mutual promotion ratios 333:359 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 333:403 The mutual promotion ratios of adsorption capacity by Cr(VI) and Cd(II) were 161.32 % and 14.13 %, respectively. 31813688 5 53 theme imine 701:705 arg1 groups 707:712 protonated imine groups 690:712 protonated imine groups 690:712 The following co-removal mechanisms were deeply revealed: (1) Cr(VI) combined with protonated imine groups could weaken the electrostatic repulsion between CP-BA and Cd(II) by electrostatic shielding, and further promoted the coordination of Cd(II) with hydroxyl, carboxyl and neutral imine groups. 31813688 0 54 theme Cd 43:44 arg1 removal 21:27 synergistic removal 9:27 synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 9:48 Enhanced synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with bi-functional biomass-based composites. 31813688 4 55 theme inorganic 474:482 arg1 anions 484:489 all coexisting inorganic anions 459:489 all coexisting inorganic anions 459:489 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 4 56 theme coexisting 463:472 arg1 anions 484:489 all coexisting inorganic anions 459:489 all coexisting inorganic anions 459:489 In addition, all coexisting inorganic anions could extremely promote the removal of Cd(II) with the best promotion ratio upon phosphate ions as high as 80.00 %. 31813688 8 57 theme anion-cation 1262:1273 arg1 complexes 1275:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes 1252:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1252:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 31813688 2 58 theme synergistic 291:301 arg1 removal 303:309 efficient and synergistic removal 277:309 efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) 277:330 Nitrogen-doped, bi-functional, and biomass-based composites (CP-BA) were successfully applied for efficient and synergistic removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II). 31813688 8 59 theme inorganic 1252:1260 arg1 complexes 1275:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes 1252:1283 inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater 1252:1299 Therefore, CP-BA showed a great potential in the co-removal of inorganic anion-cation complexes from wastewater. 30605857 0 0 theme acid-thermoplastic 67:84 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 114:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 1 1 theme foaming 163:169 arg1 process 171:177 foaming process 163:177 foaming process 163:177 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 0 2 theme polylactic 56:65 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 114:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 0 3 from role 4:7 arg1 behavior 44:51 shape memory behavior 31:51 shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 31:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 6 4 theme analytical 1118:1127 arg1 assessments 1129:1139 experimental and analytical assessments 1101:1139 experimental and analytical assessments 1101:1139 It was also demonstrated that there exists significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments. 30605857 1 5 theme process 171:177 arg1 effects 152:158 the effects 148:158 the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 148:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 5 6 theme satisfying 929:938 arg1 description 940:950 satisfying description 929:950 satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors 929:982 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 0 7 theme cellulose 104:112 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 114:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 3 8 theme intense 562:568 arg1 times 590:594 up to 10 times 581:594 up to 10 times 581:594 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 8 theme intense 562:568 arg1 reduction 570:578 an intense reduction 559:578 an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force 559:614 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 9 from reduction 570:578 arg1 force 610:614 actuation force 600:614 actuation force 600:614 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 9 from reduction 570:578 arg1 ratio 549:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 0 10 theme polyurethane-nano 86:102 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 114:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 56:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 5 11 theme memory 967:972 arg1 behaviors 974:982 their shape memory behaviors 955:982 their shape memory behaviors 955:982 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 1 12 from effects 152:158 arg1 properties 199:208 the shape memory properties 182:208 the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 182:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 3 13 dep 40 526:527 arg1 to 523:524 to 523:524 to 523:524 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 4 14 theme foamed 698:703 arg1 matrix 705:710 the foamed matrix 694:710 the foamed matrix 694:710 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 4 15 theme actuation 745:753 arg1 force 755:759 actuation force 745:759 actuation force 745:759 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 2 16 theme shapes 341:346 arg1 samples 318:324 The samples 314:324 The samples of cylindrical shapes as well as sheets 314:364 The samples of cylindrical shapes as well as sheets were manufactured and foamed. 30605857 4 17 theme nano-fibers 675:685 arg1 existence 652:660 the existence 648:660 the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix 648:710 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 0 18 theme bio-nanocomposites 114:131 arg1 behavior 44:51 shape memory behavior 31:51 shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 31:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 5 19 from evaluation 815:824 arg1 state 867:871 the foamed state 856:871 the foamed state using rheological model 856:895 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 5 19 from evaluation 815:824 arg1 samples 844:850 the sheet form samples 829:850 the sheet form samples 829:850 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 2 20 theme cylindrical 329:339 arg1 shapes 341:346 cylindrical shapes 329:346 cylindrical shapes as well as sheets 329:364 The samples of cylindrical shapes as well as sheets were manufactured and foamed. 30605857 6 21 theme experimental 1101:1112 arg1 assessments 1129:1139 experimental and analytical assessments 1101:1139 experimental and analytical assessments 1101:1139 It was also demonstrated that there exists significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments. 30605857 5 22 theme foamed 860:865 arg1 state 867:871 the foamed state 856:871 the foamed state using rheological model 856:895 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 3 23 theme microcellular 461:473 arg1 structure 475:483 a microcellular structure 459:483 a microcellular structure 459:483 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 1 24 theme shape 186:190 arg1 properties 199:208 the shape memory properties 182:208 the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 182:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 1 25 theme memory 192:197 arg1 properties 199:208 the shape memory properties 182:208 the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 182:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 0 26 theme foaming 12:18 arg1 process 20:26 foaming process 12:26 foaming process 12:26 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 4 27 from reduction 765:773 arg1 force 755:759 actuation force 745:759 actuation force 745:759 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 4 27 from reduction 765:773 arg1 ratio 797:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 2 28 theme sheets 359:364 arg1 samples 318:324 The samples 314:324 The samples of cylindrical shapes as well as sheets 314:364 The samples of cylindrical shapes as well as sheets were manufactured and foamed. 30605857 5 29 theme shape 961:965 arg1 behaviors 974:982 their shape memory behaviors 955:982 their shape memory behaviors 955:982 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 3 30 theme foaming 433:439 arg1 process 441:447 the foaming process 429:447 the foaming process 429:447 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 4 31 theme force 782:786 arg1 ratio 797:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 3 32 theme force 534:538 arg1 ratio 549:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 33 dep 10 587:588 arg1 to 584:585 to 584:585 to 584:585 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 5 34 theme rheological 879:889 arg1 model 891:895 rheological model 879:895 rheological model 879:895 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 3 35 theme tangible 501:508 arg1 % 528:528 up to 40% 520:528 up to 40% 520:528 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 35 theme tangible 501:508 arg1 increase 510:517 a tangible increase 499:517 a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio 499:553 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 4 36 theme cellulose 665:673 arg1 nano-fibers 675:685 cellulose nano-fibers 665:685 cellulose nano-fibers 665:685 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 1 37 theme Polylactic 213:222 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 276:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 0 38 theme process 20:26 arg1 role 4:7 The role 0:7 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 0:132 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 3 39 theme actuation 600:608 arg1 force 610:614 actuation force 600:614 actuation force 600:614 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 1 40 theme acid/thermoplastic 224:241 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 276:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 0 41 theme memory 37:42 arg1 behavior 44:51 shape memory behavior 31:51 shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 31:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 5 42 theme Analytical 804:813 arg1 evaluation 815:824 Analytical evaluation 804:824 Analytical evaluation 804:824 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 3 43 from increase 510:517 arg1 force 610:614 actuation force 600:614 actuation force 600:614 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 3 43 from increase 510:517 arg1 ratio 549:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 0 44 theme shape 31:35 arg1 behavior 44:51 shape memory behavior 31:51 shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites 31:131 The role of foaming process on shape memory behavior of polylactic acid-thermoplastic polyurethane-nano cellulose bio-nanocomposites. 30605857 6 45 theme memory 1068:1073 arg1 properties 1075:1084 the shape memory properties 1058:1084 the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments 1058:1139 It was also demonstrated that there exists significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments. 30605857 4 46 from increase 733:740 arg1 force 755:759 actuation force 745:759 actuation force 745:759 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 4 46 from increase 733:740 arg1 ratio 797:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 5 47 dep samples 844:850 arg1 form 839:842 form 839:842 form 839:842 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 5 48 dep carried 902:908 arg1 out 910:912 out 910:912 out 910:912 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 1 49 theme polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber 243:274 arg1 bio-nanocomposites 276:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 213:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 4 50 theme recovery 788:795 arg1 ratio 797:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 the force recovery ratio 778:801 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 4 51 theme significant 721:731 arg1 increase 733:740 a significant increase 719:740 a significant increase in actuation force 719:759 It is statistically shown that the existence of cellulose nano-fibers within the foamed matrix causes a significant increase in actuation force and reduction in the force recovery ratio. 30605857 1 52 theme bio-nanocomposites 276:293 arg1 properties 199:208 the shape memory properties 182:208 the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites 182:293 In this study the effects of foaming process on the shape memory properties of Polylactic acid/thermoplastic polyurethane/cellulous-nanofiber bio-nanocomposites were investigated. 30605857 5 53 theme behaviors 974:982 arg1 description 940:950 satisfying description 929:950 satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors 929:982 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 6 54 theme shape 1062:1066 arg1 properties 1075:1084 the shape memory properties 1058:1084 the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments 1058:1139 It was also demonstrated that there exists significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments. 30605857 3 55 theme recovery 540:547 arg1 ratio 549:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 force recovery ratio 534:553 The results indicated that while the foaming process presented a microcellular structure, it can cause a tangible increase (up to 40%) in force recovery ratio and an intense reduction (up to 10 times) in actuation force. 30605857 5 56 theme sheet 833:837 arg1 samples 844:850 the sheet form samples 829:850 the sheet form samples 829:850 Analytical evaluation on the sheet form samples, in the foamed state using rheological model, was carried out that indicated satisfying description of their shape memory behaviors. 30605857 6 57 theme significant 1028:1038 arg1 deviation 1040:1048 significant deviation 1028:1048 significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments 1028:1139 It was also demonstrated that there exists significant deviation between the shape memory properties extracted from experimental and analytical assessments. 30209974 6 0 theme developed 1437:1445 arg1 suitable 1488:1495 suitable 1488:1495 suitable 1488:1495 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 6 0 theme developed 1437:1445 arg1 hMSCs 1447:1451 the developed hMSCs 1433:1451 the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct 1433:1477 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 4 1 theme surface 934:940 arg1 roughness 942:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 5 2 from immunostaining 1367:1380 arg1 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 3 theme appropriate 743:753 arg1 composition 755:765 appropriate composition 743:765 appropriate composition 743:765 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 5 4 from biomineralization 1348:1364 arg1 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 6 5 theme tissue 1506:1511 arg1 applications 1525:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 3 6 theme present 561:567 arg1 work 569:572 the present work 557:572 the present work 557:572 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 7 theme diseased 309:316 arg1 tissue 323:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 5 8 from assessment 1415:1424 arg1 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 9 theme silk 606:609 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 6 10 theme scaffold 1460:1467 arg1 construct 1469:1477 scaffold construct 1460:1477 scaffold construct 1460:1477 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 3 11 theme electrospun 582:592 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 4 12 theme excellent 999:1007 arg1 platform 1009:1016 an excellent platform 996:1016 an excellent platform to support the growth of cells 996:1047 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 3 13 theme liquid 803:808 arg1 technique 834:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 4 14 dep scaffold 849:856 arg1 possesses 858:866 possesses 858:866 possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties 858:976 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 1 15 theme bone 149:152 arg1 construct 161:169 bone tissue construct 149:169 bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach 149:205 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 5 16 theme expression 1404:1413 arg1 assessment 1415:1424 Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment 1386:1424 Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment 1386:1424 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 17 theme CMC 649:651 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 18 theme construct 161:169 arg1 development 134:144 The development 130:144 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach 130:205 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 3 19 theme electrospinning 818:832 arg1 technique 834:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 20 theme damaged 294:300 arg1 tissue 323:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 5 21 theme facilitated 1171:1181 arg1 generation 1207:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 22 theme cellulose 638:646 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 23 theme tissue 179:184 arg1 approach 198:205 tissue engineering approach 179:205 tissue engineering approach 179:205 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 0 24 theme bone 105:108 arg1 engineering 117:127 bone tissue engineering 105:127 bone tissue engineering 105:127 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 5 25 theme construct 1197:1205 arg1 generation 1207:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 26 theme human 492:496 arg1 origin 498:503 human origin 492:503 human origin 492:503 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 27 theme nanostructure 427:439 arg1 architecture 441:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 5 28 theme matrix 1249:1254 arg1 formation 1256:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 0 29 theme bioactive 14:22 arg1 scaffold 39:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold 14:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering 14:127 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 1 30 theme tissue 323:328 arg1 repair 267:272 repair 267:272 repair 267:272 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 1 30 theme tissue 323:328 arg1 regeneration 278:289 regeneration 278:289 regeneration 278:289 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 2 31 theme prime 512:516 arg1 requirement 518:528 prime requirement 512:528 prime requirement 512:528 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 0 32 theme cellulose 91:99 arg1 scaffold 39:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold 14:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering 14:127 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 3 33 theme nBG 669:671 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 2 34 theme stem 470:473 arg1 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 34 theme stem 470:473 arg1 cells 475:479 mesenchymal stem cells 458:479 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) 458:487 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 0 35 theme scaffold 39:46 arg1 Generation 0:9 Generation 0:9 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 0:128 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 6 36 theme engineering 1513:1523 arg1 applications 1525:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 4 37 theme morphological 876:888 arg1 roughness 942:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 2 38 theme construct 376:384 arg1 generation 339:348 the generation 335:348 the generation of bone tissue engineered construct 335:384 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 0 39 theme nanobioglass/silk 51:67 arg1 cellulose 91:99 nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose 51:99 nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose 51:99 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 5 40 theme extracellular 1230:1242 arg1 formation 1256:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 41 theme developed 1089:1097 arg1 scaffold 1099:1106 the developed scaffold 1085:1106 the developed scaffold 1085:1106 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 42 theme tissue 358:363 arg1 construct 376:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 5 43 theme alkaline 1317:1324 arg1 phosphatase 1326:1336 alkaline phosphatase 1317:1336 alkaline phosphatase activity 1317:1345 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 44 with matrices 413:420 arg1 architecture 441:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 44 with matrices 413:420 arg1 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 44 with matrices 413:420 arg1 cells 475:479 mesenchymal stem cells 458:479 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) 458:487 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 5 45 theme in-vitro 1054:1061 arg1 culture 1063:1069 The in-vitro culture 1050:1069 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold 1050:1106 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 46 theme composite 674:682 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 3 47 theme extracellular 717:729 arg1 matrix 731:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 2 48 theme polymer-ceramic 387:401 arg1 matrices 413:420 polymer-ceramic composite matrices 387:420 polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin 387:503 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 3 49 theme /nano-bioglass 653:666 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 3 50 theme native 705:710 arg1 matrix 731:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 3 51 dep scaffold 684:691 arg1 work 569:572 the present work 557:572 the present work 557:572 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 6 52 theme bone 1501:1504 arg1 applications 1525:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 bone tissue engineering applications 1501:1536 Thus, the developed hMSCs seeded scaffold construct might be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. 30209974 3 53 theme nanofibrous 594:604 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 54 theme great 216:220 arg1 promise 222:228 a great promise 214:228 a great promise 214:228 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 3 55 theme novel 576:580 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 4 56 dep morphological 876:888 arg1 bioactivity 921:931 bioactivity 921:931 bioactivity 921:931 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 4 56 dep morphological 876:888 arg1 biodegradability 903:918 biodegradability 903:918 biodegradability 903:918 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 4 56 dep morphological 876:888 arg1 structural 891:900 structural 891:900 structural 891:900 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 3 57 theme SF 620:621 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 3 58 theme surface 810:816 arg1 technique 834:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 5 59 from activity 1338:1345 arg1 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 evident 1304:1310 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 60 theme fibroin 611:617 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 5 61 theme Runx2/osteocalcin 1386:1402 arg1 assessment 1415:1424 Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment 1386:1424 Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment 1386:1424 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 3 62 theme free 798:801 arg1 technique 834:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 free liquid surface electrospinning technique 798:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 1 63 theme tissue 154:159 arg1 construct 161:169 bone tissue construct 149:169 bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach 149:205 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 4 64 theme mechanical 956:965 arg1 properties 967:976 mechanical properties 956:976 mechanical properties 956:976 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 3 65 theme /carboxymethyl 623:636 arg1 scaffold 684:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold 574:691 a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique 574:842 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 0 66 theme tissue 110:115 arg1 engineering 117:127 bone tissue engineering 105:127 bone tissue engineering 105:127 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 5 67 theme cell-scaffold 1183:1195 arg1 generation 1207:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 1 68 theme engineering 186:196 arg1 approach 198:205 tissue engineering approach 179:205 tissue engineering approach 179:205 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 4 69 theme cells 1043:1047 arg1 growth 1033:1038 the growth 1029:1038 the growth of cells 1029:1047 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 5 70 theme cells 1159:1163 arg1 generation 1207:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation 1166:1216 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 70 theme cells 1159:1163 arg1 formation 1256:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 70 theme cells 1159:1163 arg1 viability 1146:1154 viability 1146:1154 viability 1146:1154 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 70 theme cells 1159:1163 arg1 adhesion 1118:1125 adhesion 1118:1125 adhesion 1118:1125 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 70 theme cells 1159:1163 arg1 proliferation 1128:1140 proliferation 1128:1140 proliferation 1128:1140 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 0 71 theme nano-composite 24:37 arg1 scaffold 39:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold 14:46 bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering 14:127 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 1 72 theme bone 318:321 arg1 tissue 323:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 294:328 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 5 73 theme osteogenic 1274:1283 arg1 differentiation 1285:1299 osteogenic differentiation 1274:1299 osteogenic differentiation 1274:1299 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 5 74 theme hMSCs 1074:1078 arg1 culture 1063:1069 The in-vitro culture 1050:1069 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold 1050:1106 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 75 theme mesenchymal 458:468 arg1 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 75 theme mesenchymal 458:468 arg1 cells 475:479 mesenchymal stem cells 458:479 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) 458:487 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 0 76 theme fibroin/carboxymethyl 69:89 arg1 cellulose 91:99 nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose 51:99 nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose 51:99 Generation of bioactive nano-composite scaffold of nanobioglass/silk fibroin/carboxymethyl cellulose for bone tissue engineering. 30209974 5 77 theme further 1222:1228 arg1 formation 1256:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 78 theme origin 498:503 arg1 architecture 441:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 nanostructure architecture 427:452 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 78 theme origin 498:503 arg1 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 hMSCs 482:486 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 2 78 theme origin 498:503 arg1 cells 475:479 mesenchymal stem cells 458:479 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) 458:487 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 4 79 theme desired 868:874 arg1 roughness 942:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness 868:950 The scaffold possesses desired morphological, structural, biodegradability, bioactivity, surface roughness and mechanical properties thereby exhibited an excellent platform to support the growth of cells. 30209974 2 80 theme engineered 365:374 arg1 construct 376:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 5 81 theme bone 1244:1247 arg1 formation 1256:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 further extracellular bone matrix formation 1222:1264 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 2 82 theme bone 353:356 arg1 construct 376:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 bone tissue engineered construct 353:384 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 30209974 5 83 theme phosphatase 1326:1336 arg1 activity 1338:1345 alkaline phosphatase activity 1317:1345 alkaline phosphatase activity 1317:1345 The in-vitro culture of hMSCs over the developed scaffold has shown adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells, thus facilitated cell-scaffold construct generation and further extracellular bone matrix formation through osteogenic differentiation as evident from alkaline phosphatase activity, biomineralization, immunostaining and Runx2/osteocalcin expression assessment. 30209974 1 84 theme increasing 245:254 arg1 demand 256:261 the increasing demand 241:261 the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue 241:328 The development of bone tissue construct through tissue engineering approach offers a great promise in meeting the increasing demand for repair and regeneration of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue. 30209974 3 85 theme bone 712:715 arg1 matrix 731:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 native bone extracellular matrix 705:736 Keeping these in view, in the present work a novel electrospun nanofibrous silk fibroin (SF)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-bioglass (nBG) composite scaffold that mimics native bone extracellular matrix with appropriate composition was designed and fabricated by free liquid surface electrospinning technique. 30209974 2 86 theme composite 403:411 arg1 matrices 413:420 polymer-ceramic composite matrices 387:420 polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin 387:503 For the generation of bone tissue engineered construct, polymer-ceramic composite matrices with nanostructure architecture and mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of human origin are of prime requirement. 31334627 7 0 theme antibacterial 1386:1398 arg1 properties 1400:1409 potent antibacterial properties 1379:1409 potent antibacterial properties 1379:1409 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 7 1 theme sodium 1286:1291 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 2 2 theme practical 371:379 arg1 application 381:391 practical application 371:391 practical application 371:391 However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. 31334627 9 3 theme mucoadhesive 1601:1612 arg1 patch 1614:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 6 4 theme release 1007:1013 arg1 behaviors 1015:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 4 5 theme jets 731:734 arg1 formation 709:717 the simultaneous formation 692:717 the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning 692:757 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 7 6 theme PLLA 1257:1260 arg1 solution 1262:1269 curcumin-loaded PLLA solution 1241:1269 curcumin-loaded PLLA solution 1241:1269 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 9 7 contain has 1620:1622 arg1 patch 1614:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 9 7 contain has 1620:1622 arg2 properties 1643:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 9 8 theme adhesion 1634:1641 arg1 properties 1643:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 5 9 theme Curcumin-loaded 760:774 arg1 poly 776:779 Curcumin-loaded poly 760:779 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale 760:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 9 theme Curcumin-loaded 760:774 arg1 acid 790:793 l-lactic acid 781:793 l-lactic acid 781:793 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 9 theme Curcumin-loaded 760:774 arg1 PLLA 797:800 PLLA 797:800 PLLA 797:800 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 9 10 theme excellent 1624:1632 arg1 properties 1643:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 excellent adhesion properties 1624:1652 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 4 11 theme simultaneous 696:707 arg1 formation 709:717 the simultaneous formation 692:717 the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning 692:757 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 10 12 theme drug-loaded 1782:1792 arg1 meshes 1806:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 9 13 theme porcine 1661:1667 arg1 mucosa 1676:1681 the porcine buccal mucosa 1657:1681 the porcine buccal mucosa 1657:1681 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 11 14 theme other 2053:2057 arg1 treatments 2072:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 0 15 theme Ulcer 146:150 arg1 Treatment 152:160 Mouth Ulcer Treatment 140:160 Mouth Ulcer Treatment 140:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 5 16 theme spinneret-based 927:941 arg1 device 959:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 6 17 theme anti-inflammatory 1050:1066 arg1 attributes 1068:1077 anti-inflammatory attributes 1050:1077 anti-inflammatory attributes 1050:1077 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 7 18 theme composite 1180:1188 arg1 mesh 1190:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 11 19 theme analgesic 1975:1983 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 7 20 theme bilayer 1160:1166 arg1 mesh 1190:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 8 21 theme bilayer 1485:1491 arg1 meshes 1515:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 7 22 theme potent 1379:1384 arg1 properties 1400:1409 potent antibacterial properties 1379:1409 potent antibacterial properties 1379:1409 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 2 23 theme nanofiber 265:273 arg1 productivity 275:286 the nanofiber productivity 261:286 the nanofiber productivity 261:286 However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. 31334627 6 24 theme meshes 1137:1142 arg1 behaviors 1015:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 6 24 theme meshes 1137:1142 arg1 properties 1038:1047 antioxidant properties 1026:1047 antioxidant properties 1026:1047 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 6 24 theme meshes 1137:1142 arg1 attributes 1068:1077 anti-inflammatory attributes 1050:1077 anti-inflammatory attributes 1050:1077 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 6 24 theme meshes 1137:1142 arg1 cytotoxicity 1084:1095 cytotoxicity 1084:1095 cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1084:1142 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 8 25 theme nanofibrous 1503:1513 arg1 meshes 1515:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 6 26 theme PLLA 1120:1123 arg1 meshes 1137:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 11 27 theme anti-inflammatory 1986:2002 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 0 28 theme Multilayer 94:103 arg1 Fabrication 124:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication 82:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment 82:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 8 29 theme hydroxypropyl 1528:1540 arg1 film 1578:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 7 30 theme predetermined 1335:1347 arg1 sequence 1354:1361 a predetermined time sequence 1333:1361 a predetermined time sequence 1333:1361 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 8 31 theme methyl 1542:1547 arg1 film 1578:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 3 32 theme electrospinning 441:455 arg1 spinneret 457:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret 422:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 422:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 0 33 theme Large-Scale 0:10 arg1 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation 0:32 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 8 34 theme based 1559:1563 arg1 film 1578:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 0 35 theme Rapid 16:20 arg1 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation 0:32 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 3 36 theme novel 424:428 arg1 spinneret 457:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret 422:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 422:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 11 37 theme different 1938:1946 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 11 37 theme different 1938:1946 arg1 targets 1948:1954 different targets 1938:1954 different targets 1938:1954 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 1 38 theme simple 190:195 arg1 method 212:217 a simple and convenient method 188:217 a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes 188:249 Electrospinning provides a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 7 39 theme ethylene 1305:1312 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 5 40 theme various 825:831 arg1 concentrations 833:846 various concentrations 825:846 various concentrations 825:846 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 3 41 theme nanofibrous 520:530 arg1 meshes 532:537 drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 508:537 drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 508:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 0 42 theme Meshes 49:54 arg1 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation 0:32 Preparation 22:32 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 0 42 theme Meshes 49:54 arg1 Application 66:76 Their Application 60:76 Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment 60:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 11 43 with treatments 2072:2081 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 11 43 with treatments 2072:2081 arg1 targets 1948:1954 different targets 1938:1954 different targets 1938:1954 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 4 44 theme single-needle 572:584 arg1 spinneret 602:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 10 45 theme slit 1709:1712 arg1 spinneret 1714:1722 our double-ring slit spinneret 1693:1722 our double-ring slit spinneret 1693:1722 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 11 46 theme disease 2064:2070 arg1 treatments 2072:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 4 47 theme nanofiber 662:670 arg1 productivity 672:683 nanofiber productivity 662:683 nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning 662:757 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 3 48 theme double-ring 478:488 arg1 slit 490:493 a double-ring slit 476:493 a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 476:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 5 49 theme large 859:863 arg1 scale 865:869 the large scale 855:869 the large scale 855:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 6 50 theme antioxidant 1026:1036 arg1 properties 1038:1047 antioxidant properties 1026:1047 antioxidant properties 1026:1047 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 4 51 theme due 685:687 arg1 productivity 672:683 nanofiber productivity 662:683 nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning 662:757 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 7 52 theme diclofenac 1275:1284 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 2 53 theme application 381:391 arg1 requirements 355:366 the requirements 351:366 the requirements of practical application 351:391 However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. 31334627 9 54 theme multilayered 1588:1599 arg1 patch 1614:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch 1584:1618 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 11 55 theme drugs 1927:1931 arg1 incorporation 1901:1913 the incorporation 1897:1913 the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments 1897:2081 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 10 56 theme large-scale 1770:1780 arg1 meshes 1806:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 11 57 theme multiple-layered 1852:1867 arg1 patches 1882:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches 1848:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches 1848:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 2 58 theme laboratory 312:321 arg1 scale 323:327 the laboratory scale 308:327 the laboratory scale 308:327 However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. 31334627 6 59 theme drug 1002:1005 arg1 behaviors 1015:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 the drug release behaviors 998:1023 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 7 60 theme curcumin-loaded 1241:1255 arg1 solution 1262:1269 curcumin-loaded PLLA solution 1241:1269 curcumin-loaded PLLA solution 1241:1269 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 5 61 theme electrospinning 943:957 arg1 device 959:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 7 62 theme poly 1300:1303 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 4 63 theme multiple 722:729 arg1 jets 731:734 multiple jets 722:734 multiple jets during electrospinning 722:757 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 1 64 theme convenient 201:210 arg1 method 212:217 a simple and convenient method 188:217 a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes 188:249 Electrospinning provides a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 10 65 theme nanofibrous 1794:1804 arg1 meshes 1806:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 1770:1811 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 11 66 theme mouth 2038:2042 arg1 ulcer 2044:2048 mouth ulcer 2038:2048 mouth ulcer 2038:2048 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 5 67 theme l-lactic 781:788 arg1 poly 776:779 Curcumin-loaded poly 760:779 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale 760:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 67 theme l-lactic 781:788 arg1 acid 790:793 l-lactic acid 781:793 l-lactic acid 781:793 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 11 68 with drugs 1927:1931 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 11 68 with drugs 1927:1931 arg1 targets 1948:1954 different targets 1938:1954 different targets 1938:1954 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 5 69 from meshes 813:818 arg1 scale 865:869 the large scale 855:869 the large scale 855:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 70 theme needleless 916:925 arg1 device 959:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 71 with meshes 813:818 arg1 concentrations 833:846 various concentrations 825:846 various concentrations 825:846 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 8 72 theme mucoadhesive 1432:1443 arg1 patches 1445:1451 novel mucoadhesive patches 1426:1451 novel mucoadhesive patches 1426:1451 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 10 73 theme mucoadhesive 1826:1837 arg1 patches 1839:1845 mucoadhesive patches 1826:1845 mucoadhesive patches 1826:1845 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 7 74 theme time 1349:1352 arg1 sequence 1354:1361 a predetermined time sequence 1333:1361 a predetermined time sequence 1333:1361 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 7 75 theme nanofibrous 1168:1178 arg1 mesh 1190:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh 1158:1193 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 0 76 theme Mouth 140:144 arg1 Treatment 152:160 Mouth Ulcer Treatment 140:160 Mouth Ulcer Treatment 140:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 5 77 theme poly 776:779 arg1 meshes 813:818 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes 760:818 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale 760:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 8 78 theme novel 1426:1430 arg1 patches 1445:1451 novel mucoadhesive patches 1426:1451 novel mucoadhesive patches 1426:1451 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 0 79 theme Drug-Loaded 82:92 arg1 Fabrication 124:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication 82:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment 82:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 6 80 theme nanofibrous 1125:1135 arg1 meshes 1137:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 8 81 theme composite 1493:1501 arg1 meshes 1515:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes 1481:1520 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 11 82 theme antimicrobial 2009:2021 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 0 83 theme Mucoadhesive 105:116 arg1 Fabrication 124:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication 82:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment 82:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 6 84 theme curcumin-loaded 1104:1118 arg1 meshes 1137:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes 1100:1142 We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 11 85 theme treatments 2072:2081 arg1 incorporation 1901:1913 the incorporation 1897:1913 the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments 1897:2081 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 5 86 theme nanofiber 803:811 arg1 meshes 813:818 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes 760:818 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale 760:869 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 5 87 theme developed 906:914 arg1 device 959:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device 902:964 Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. 31334627 4 88 dep spinneret 602:610 arg1 contrast 543:550 contrast 543:550 contrast 543:550 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 7 89 theme oxide 1314:1318 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 4 90 theme needless 617:624 arg1 spinneret 626:634 our needless spinneret 613:634 our needless spinneret 613:634 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 8 91 theme cellulose 1549:1557 arg1 film 1578:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 0 92 theme Nanofibrous 37:47 arg1 Meshes 49:54 Nanofibrous Meshes 37:54 Nanofibrous Meshes 37:54 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 1 93 theme nanofibrous 232:242 arg1 meshes 244:249 nanofibrous meshes 232:249 nanofibrous meshes 232:249 Electrospinning provides a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 3 94 theme needleless 430:439 arg1 spinneret 457:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret 422:465 a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 422:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 4 95 theme conventional 559:570 arg1 spinneret 602:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 11 96 theme multiple 1918:1925 arg1 drugs 1927:1931 multiple drugs 1918:1931 multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer 1918:2048 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 8 97 theme mucoadhesive 1565:1576 arg1 film 1578:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film 1527:1581 Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. 31334627 0 98 theme Patch 118:122 arg1 Fabrication 124:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication 82:134 Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment 82:160 Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. 31334627 7 99 theme loaded 1293:1298 arg1 solution 1321:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution 1275:1328 Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. 31334627 9 100 theme buccal 1669:1674 arg1 mucosa 1676:1681 the porcine buccal mucosa 1657:1681 the porcine buccal mucosa 1657:1681 The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. 31334627 4 101 theme electrospinning 586:600 arg1 spinneret 602:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret 555:610 In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. 31334627 11 102 theme action 1959:1964 arg1 compounds 2023:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds 1975:2031 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 11 102 theme action 1959:1964 arg1 targets 1948:1954 different targets 1938:1954 different targets 1938:1954 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 10 103 theme double-ring 1697:1707 arg1 spinneret 1714:1722 our double-ring slit spinneret 1693:1722 our double-ring slit spinneret 1693:1722 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 3 104 theme drug-loaded 508:518 arg1 meshes 532:537 drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 508:537 drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes 508:537 In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. 31334627 10 105 theme novel 1738:1742 arg1 method 1744:1749 a novel method 1736:1749 a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches 1736:1845 Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. 31334627 11 106 theme mucoadhesive 1869:1880 arg1 patches 1882:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches 1848:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches 1848:1888 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 31334627 11 107 theme oral 2059:2062 arg1 treatments 2072:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 other oral disease treatments 2053:2081 The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments. 30998454 8 0 theme ion 1258:1260 arg1 migration 1262:1270 ion migration 1258:1270 ion migration 1258:1270 The IDE system has also been modeled using COMSOL to study the distributed electric fields and ion migration during the stimulus. 30998454 6 1 theme first-order 952:962 arg1 profile 972:978 a first-order elution profile 950:978 a first-order elution profile 950:978 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 6 2 from groups 902:907 arg1 duration 927:934 the excitation duration 912:934 the excitation duration 912:934 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 5 3 theme inter-digitated 601:615 arg1 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 3 theme inter-digitated 601:615 arg1 electrodes 617:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes 594:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) 594:632 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 3 4 theme polyethylene 466:477 arg1 glycol 479:484 polyethylene glycol 466:484 polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads 466:518 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 5 5 theme material 696:703 arg1 printer 716:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 6 theme deposition 705:714 arg1 printer 716:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 7 7 theme complicated 1053:1063 arg1 processes 1090:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 30998454 9 8 theme novel 1319:1323 arg1 technique 1339:1347 a novel and promising technique 1317:1347 a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery 1317:1419 This paper demonstrates a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery. 30998454 8 9 theme distributed 1226:1236 arg1 fields 1247:1252 the distributed electric fields 1222:1252 the distributed electric fields 1222:1252 The IDE system has also been modeled using COMSOL to study the distributed electric fields and ion migration during the stimulus. 30998454 6 10 theme stimulated 829:838 arg1 groups 840:845 the stimulated groups 825:845 the stimulated groups 825:845 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 2 11 theme paper 259:263 arg1 objective 241:249 The objective 237:249 The objective of this paper 237:263 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 2 12 theme electric 351:358 arg1 pulses 360:365 bipolar electric pulses 343:365 bipolar electric pulses 343:365 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 5 13 theme Silver 594:599 arg1 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 13 theme Silver 594:599 arg1 electrodes 617:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes 594:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) 594:632 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 2 14 from stimulus 319:326 arg1 form 335:338 the form 331:338 the form of bipolar electric pulses 331:365 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 5 15 theme current 771:777 arg1 pulses 752:757 100 Hz pulses 745:757 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS 745:788 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 2 16 theme bipolar 343:349 arg1 pulses 360:365 bipolar electric pulses 343:365 bipolar electric pulses 343:365 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 0 17 theme Stimulus-Responsive 9:27 arg1 Microbeads 52:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads 0:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 0:89 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 5 18 used used 729:732 arg2 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 IDE 629:631 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 18 used used 729:732 arg2 electrodes 617:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes 594:626 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) 594:632 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 0 19 theme Electric 0:7 arg1 Microbeads 52:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads 0:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 0:89 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 6 20 theme excitation 916:925 arg1 duration 927:934 the excitation duration 912:934 the excitation duration 912:934 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 1 21 theme last 98:101 arg1 years 111:115 the last several years 94:115 the last several years 94:115 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 7 22 theme expensive 1068:1076 arg1 processes 1090:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 30998454 0 23 theme Composite 42:50 arg1 Microbeads 52:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads 0:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 0:89 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 8 24 theme electric 1238:1245 arg1 fields 1247:1252 the distributed electric fields 1222:1252 the distributed electric fields 1222:1252 The IDE system has also been modeled using COMSOL to study the distributed electric fields and ion migration during the stimulus. 30998454 7 25 theme approach 1019:1026 arg1 significance 999:1010 Another significance 991:1010 Another significance of our approach 991:1026 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 30998454 9 26 theme drug 1374:1377 arg1 substrates 1379:1388 drug substrates 1374:1388 drug substrates 1374:1388 This paper demonstrates a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery. 30998454 1 27 theme several 103:109 arg1 years 111:115 the last several years 94:115 the last several years 94:115 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 9 28 theme drug 1407:1410 arg1 delivery 1412:1419 controllable drug delivery 1394:1419 controllable drug delivery 1394:1419 This paper demonstrates a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery. 30998454 0 29 theme Chitosan/MNP 29:40 arg1 Microbeads 52:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads 0:61 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 0:89 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 3 30 with embedded 407:414 arg1 nanoparticles 430:442 magnetic nanoparticles 421:442 magnetic nanoparticles 421:442 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 2 31 theme electric 310:317 arg1 stimulus 319:326 an electric stimulus 307:326 an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses 307:365 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 3 32 theme magnetic 421:428 arg1 nanoparticles 430:442 magnetic nanoparticles 421:442 magnetic nanoparticles 421:442 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 5 33 theme 100 745:747 arg1 Hz 749:750 Hz 749:750 Hz 749:750 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 34 theme MEMS-based 678:687 arg1 printer 716:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 9 35 theme controllable 1394:1405 arg1 delivery 1412:1419 controllable drug delivery 1394:1419 controllable drug delivery 1394:1419 This paper demonstrates a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery. 30998454 7 36 theme fabrication 1078:1088 arg1 processes 1090:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 complicated or expensive fabrication processes 1053:1098 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 30998454 3 37 theme DDS 372:374 arg1 structure 376:384 The DDS structure 368:384 The DDS structure 368:384 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 6 38 theme non-stimulated 887:900 arg1 groups 902:907 the non-stimulated groups 883:907 the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration 883:934 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 5 39 theme inkjet 689:694 arg1 printer 716:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 4 40 theme interest 584:591 arg1 agent 575:579 the therapeutic agent 559:579 the therapeutic agent of interest 559:591 This DDS is loaded with vancomycin as the therapeutic agent of interest. 30998454 4 40 theme interest 584:591 arg1 DDS 526:528 This DDS 521:528 This DDS 521:528 This DDS is loaded with vancomycin as the therapeutic agent of interest. 30998454 3 41 theme embedded 407:414 arg1 chitosan 398:405 chitosan 398:405 chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles 398:442 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 0 42 theme Drug 69:72 arg1 System 83:88 a Drug Delivery System 67:88 a Drug Delivery System 67:88 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 7 43 theme targeted 1140:1147 arg1 site 1157:1160 the targeted implant site 1136:1160 the targeted implant site 1136:1160 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 30998454 1 44 theme conventional 118:129 arg1 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 1 44 theme conventional 118:129 arg1 systems 145:151 conventional drug delivery systems 118:151 conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) 118:157 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 5 45 theme polyimide 650:658 arg1 substrates 660:669 polyimide substrates 650:669 polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 650:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 6 46 theme elution 964:970 arg1 profile 972:978 a first-order elution profile 950:978 a first-order elution profile 950:978 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 1 47 theme drug 131:134 arg1 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 1 47 theme drug 131:134 arg1 systems 145:151 conventional drug delivery systems 118:151 conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) 118:157 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 3 48 dep glycol 479:484 arg1 dimethacrylate 486:499 dimethacrylate 486:499 dimethacrylate to form microbeads 486:518 The DDS structure is based on chitosan embedded with magnetic nanoparticles, and crosslinked with polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate to form microbeads. 30998454 1 49 theme exogenous 204:212 arg1 stimuli 228:234 exogenous or endogenous stimuli 204:234 exogenous or endogenous stimuli 204:234 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 9 50 theme promising 1329:1337 arg1 technique 1339:1347 a novel and promising technique 1317:1347 a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery 1317:1419 This paper demonstrates a novel and promising technique of providing stimulus to drug substrates for controllable drug delivery. 30998454 1 51 theme delivery 136:143 arg1 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 DDS 154:156 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 1 51 theme delivery 136:143 arg1 systems 145:151 conventional drug delivery systems 118:151 conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) 118:157 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 8 52 theme IDE 1167:1169 arg1 system 1171:1176 The IDE system 1163:1176 The IDE system 1163:1176 The IDE system has also been modeled using COMSOL to study the distributed electric fields and ion migration during the stimulus. 30998454 4 53 theme therapeutic 563:573 arg1 agent 575:579 the therapeutic agent 559:579 the therapeutic agent of interest 559:591 This DDS is loaded with vancomycin as the therapeutic agent of interest. 30998454 4 53 theme therapeutic 563:573 arg1 DDS 526:528 This DDS 521:528 This DDS 521:528 This DDS is loaded with vancomycin as the therapeutic agent of interest. 30998454 2 54 theme pulses 360:365 arg1 form 335:338 the form 331:338 the form of bipolar electric pulses 331:365 The objective of this paper is to present a DDS that is responsive to an electric stimulus in the form of bipolar electric pulses. 30998454 5 55 with substrates 660:669 arg1 printer 716:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer 676:722 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 1 56 theme endogenous 217:226 arg1 stimuli 228:234 exogenous or endogenous stimuli 204:234 exogenous or endogenous stimuli 204:234 In the last several years, conventional drug delivery systems (DDS) have evolved into DDS that are responsive to exogenous or endogenous stimuli. 30998454 0 57 theme Delivery 74:81 arg1 System 83:88 a Drug Delivery System 67:88 a Drug Delivery System 67:88 Electric Stimulus-Responsive Chitosan/MNP Composite Microbeads for a Drug Delivery System. 30998454 6 58 theme more 862:865 arg1 vancomycin 867:876 ∼800% more vancomycin 856:876 ∼800% more vancomycin 856:876 The results showed that the stimulated groups released ∼800% more vancomycin than the non-stimulated groups in the excitation duration, but followed a first-order elution profile otherwise. 30998454 5 59 theme Hz 749:750 arg1 pulses 752:757 100 Hz pulses 745:757 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS 745:788 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 5 60 theme electric 762:769 arg1 current 771:777 electric current 762:777 electric current 762:777 Silver inter-digitated electrodes (IDE) were printed on polyimide substrates with a MEMS-based inkjet material deposition printer, and used to provide 100 Hz pulses of electric current to the DDS for 3 min. 30998454 7 61 theme implant 1149:1155 arg1 site 1157:1160 the targeted implant site 1136:1160 the targeted implant site 1136:1160 Another significance of our approach is that it does not need complicated or expensive fabrication processes, and can be customized according to the targeted implant site. 31784840 9 0 from proliferation 1480:1492 arg1 scaffold 1523:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 2 1 theme 3D 366:367 arg1 scaffolds 376:384 3D porous scaffolds 366:384 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 366:459 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 2 theme scaffold 1583:1590 arg1 behavior 1571:1578 mechanical behavior 1560:1578 mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant 1560:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 10 3 theme implant 1771:1777 arg1 engineering 1744:1754 in vitro engineering 1735:1754 in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant 1735:1777 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 9 4 theme enhanced 1466:1473 arg1 proliferation 1480:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 3 5 theme significant 701:711 arg1 impact 713:718 significant impact 701:718 significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation 701:770 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 4 6 theme fabricated 858:867 arg1 groups 878:883 all fabricated scaffold groups 854:883 all fabricated scaffold groups 854:883 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 3 7 from impact 713:718 arg1 proliferation 738:750 proliferation 738:750 proliferation 738:750 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 3 7 from impact 713:718 arg1 adhesion 728:735 hMSC adhesion 723:735 hMSC adhesion 723:735 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 3 7 from impact 713:718 arg1 differentiation 756:770 differentiation 756:770 differentiation 756:770 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 4 8 dep hMSC 785:788 arg1 proliferation 803:815 proliferation 803:815 proliferation 803:815 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 4 8 dep hMSC 785:788 arg1 adhesion 790:797 adhesion 790:797 adhesion 790:797 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 10 9 theme tissue 1764:1769 arg1 implant 1771:1777 bone tissue implant 1759:1777 bone tissue implant 1759:1777 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 9 10 theme CS-CG 1517:1521 arg1 scaffold 1523:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 2 11 from influence 482:490 arg1 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 11 from influence 482:490 arg1 differentiation 558:572 differentiation 558:572 differentiation 558:572 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 11 from influence 482:490 arg1 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 11 from influence 482:490 arg1 cell 518:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 12 dep in 1615:1616 arg1 vivo 1618:1621 vivo 1618:1621 vivo 1618:1621 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 10 13 theme CS-CG 1666:1670 arg1 scaffold 1682:1689 CS-CG composite scaffold 1666:1689 CS-CG composite scaffold 1666:1689 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 1 14 theme tissue 125:130 arg1 engineering 132:142 In vitro tissue engineering 116:142 In vitro tissue engineering 116:142 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 0 15 theme stem 65:68 arg1 cell 70:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 3 16 theme porous 608:613 arg1 morphology 615:624 porous morphology 608:624 porous morphology 608:624 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 5 17 theme pores 907:911 arg1 structure 913:921 pores structure 907:921 pores structure 907:921 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 0 18 from proliferation 10:22 arg1 scaffold 106:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 0 19 from Adhesion 0:7 arg1 scaffold 106:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 8 20 theme hMSC 1378:1381 arg1 differentiation 1359:1373 osteogenic differentiation 1348:1373 osteogenic differentiation of hMSC 1348:1381 Likewise, osteogenic differentiation of hMSC occurs most preferably in CS-CG composite scaffold among all scaffold groups. 31784840 1 21 theme In 116:117 arg1 engineering 132:142 In vitro tissue engineering 116:142 In vitro tissue engineering 116:142 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 0 22 theme composite 96:104 arg1 scaffold 106:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 5 23 theme enhanced 989:996 arg1 growth 998:1003 such enhanced growth 984:1003 such enhanced growth 984:1003 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 2 24 theme mesenchymal 501:511 arg1 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 24 theme mesenchymal 501:511 arg1 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 24 theme mesenchymal 501:511 arg1 cell 518:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 4 25 theme maximum 777:783 arg1 hMSC 785:788 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation 773:815 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation 773:815 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 6 26 theme poor 1106:1109 arg1 adhesion 1111:1118 poor adhesion 1106:1118 poor adhesion 1106:1118 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 0 27 from differentiation 28:42 arg1 scaffold 106:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 5 28 theme preferable 959:968 arg1 attribute 970:978 preferable attribute 959:978 preferable attribute for such enhanced growth 959:1003 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 5 28 theme preferable 959:968 arg1 Interconnectivity 886:902 Interconnectivity 886:902 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold 886:939 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 8 29 theme composite 1415:1423 arg1 scaffold 1425:1432 CS-CG composite scaffold 1409:1432 CS-CG composite scaffold 1409:1432 Likewise, osteogenic differentiation of hMSC occurs most preferably in CS-CG composite scaffold among all scaffold groups. 31784840 10 30 theme in 1735:1736 arg1 engineering 1744:1754 in vitro engineering 1735:1754 in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant 1735:1777 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 9 31 theme bone 1640:1643 arg1 implant 1652:1658 a bone tissue implant 1638:1658 a bone tissue implant 1638:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 3 32 from variations 594:603 arg1 morphology 615:624 porous morphology 608:624 porous morphology 608:624 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 3 32 from variations 594:603 arg1 behavior 641:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 7 33 theme CG 1188:1189 arg1 scaffold 1191:1198 CG scaffold 1188:1198 CG scaffold 1188:1198 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 9 34 theme implant 1652:1658 arg1 application 1623:1633 in vivo application 1615:1633 in vivo application of a bone tissue implant 1615:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 7 35 theme pore 1321:1324 arg1 structures 1326:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 8 36 theme scaffold 1444:1451 arg1 groups 1453:1458 all scaffold groups 1440:1458 all scaffold groups 1440:1458 Likewise, osteogenic differentiation of hMSC occurs most preferably in CS-CG composite scaffold among all scaffold groups. 31784840 10 37 theme bone 1759:1762 arg1 implant 1771:1777 bone tissue implant 1759:1777 bone tissue implant 1759:1777 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 0 38 theme human 47:51 arg1 cell 70:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 7 39 from structures 1326:1335 arg1 absence 1283:1289 the absence 1279:1289 the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures 1279:1335 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 3 40 theme CG 672:673 arg1 scaffold 685:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 6 41 theme inadequate 1149:1158 arg1 motifs 1169:1174 inadequate adhesion motifs 1149:1174 inadequate adhesion motifs 1149:1174 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 3 42 theme CS 668:669 arg1 scaffold 685:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 43 theme porous 369:374 arg1 scaffolds 376:384 3D porous scaffolds 366:384 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 366:459 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 4 44 theme scaffold 869:876 arg1 groups 878:883 all fabricated scaffold groups 854:883 all fabricated scaffold groups 854:883 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 3 45 theme CS-CG 679:683 arg1 scaffold 685:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 4 46 theme CS-CG 833:837 arg1 scaffold 839:846 CS-CG scaffold 833:846 CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups 833:883 The maximum hMSC adhesion and proliferation was reported on CS-CG scaffold among all fabricated scaffold groups. 31784840 9 47 theme Such 1461:1464 arg1 proliferation 1480:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 5 48 theme structure 913:921 arg1 attribute 970:978 preferable attribute 959:978 preferable attribute for such enhanced growth 959:1003 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 5 48 theme structure 913:921 arg1 distribution 1009:1020 distribution 1009:1020 distribution 1009:1020 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 5 48 theme structure 913:921 arg1 Interconnectivity 886:902 Interconnectivity 886:902 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold 886:939 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 3 49 theme hMSC 723:726 arg1 adhesion 728:735 hMSC adhesion 723:735 hMSC adhesion 723:735 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 50 theme hMSC 1475:1478 arg1 proliferation 1480:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation 1461:1492 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 7 51 from absence 1283:1289 arg1 structures 1326:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 1 52 theme porous 184:189 arg1 scaffold 191:198 a porous scaffold 182:198 a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) 182:231 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 7 53 from interconnectivity 1294:1310 arg1 structures 1326:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 their pore structures 1315:1335 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 3 54 theme dependent 584:592 arg1 variations 594:603 Material dependent variations 575:603 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 575:692 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 10 55 theme composite 1672:1680 arg1 scaffold 1682:1689 CS-CG composite scaffold 1666:1689 CS-CG composite scaffold 1666:1689 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 5 56 theme CS-CG 926:930 arg1 scaffold 932:939 CS-CG scaffold 926:939 CS-CG scaffold 926:939 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 9 57 theme mechanical 1560:1569 arg1 behavior 1571:1578 mechanical behavior 1560:1578 mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant 1560:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 6 58 theme CS 1056:1057 arg1 scaffold 1059:1066 CS scaffold 1056:1066 CS scaffold with well interconnected pores 1056:1097 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 0 59 theme cell 70:73 arg1 proliferation 10:22 proliferation 10:22 proliferation 10:22 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 0 59 theme cell 70:73 arg1 Adhesion 0:7 Adhesion 0:7 Adhesion 0:7 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 0 59 theme cell 70:73 arg1 differentiation 28:42 differentiation 28:42 differentiation 28:42 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 5 60 from Interconnectivity 886:902 arg1 scaffold 932:939 CS-CG scaffold 926:939 CS-CG scaffold 926:939 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 1 61 dep In 116:117 arg1 vitro 119:123 vitro 119:123 vitro 119:123 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 7 62 theme hMSC 1236:1239 arg1 distribution 1220:1231 distribution 1220:1231 distribution 1220:1231 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 7 62 theme hMSC 1236:1239 arg1 growth 1209:1214 optimum growth 1201:1214 optimum growth 1201:1214 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 0 63 theme chitosan/collagen 78:94 arg1 scaffold 106:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 chitosan/collagen composite scaffold 78:113 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 1 64 theme cell 166:169 arg1 source 171:176 a progenitor cell source 153:176 a progenitor cell source 153:176 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 8 65 theme osteogenic 1348:1357 arg1 differentiation 1359:1373 osteogenic differentiation 1348:1373 osteogenic differentiation of hMSC 1348:1381 Likewise, osteogenic differentiation of hMSC occurs most preferably in CS-CG composite scaffold among all scaffold groups. 31784840 5 66 theme such 984:987 arg1 growth 998:1003 such enhanced growth 984:1003 such enhanced growth 984:1003 Interconnectivity of pores structure in CS-CG scaffold was considered as preferable attribute for such enhanced growth and distribution throughout the scaffold. 31784840 2 67 theme stem 513:516 arg1 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 67 theme stem 513:516 arg1 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 67 theme stem 513:516 arg1 cell 518:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 68 theme in 1615:1616 arg1 application 1623:1633 in vivo application 1615:1633 in vivo application of a bone tissue implant 1615:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 2 69 theme human 495:499 arg1 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 proliferation 540:552 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 69 theme human 495:499 arg1 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 hMSC 524:527 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 69 theme human 495:499 arg1 cell 518:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 human mesenchymal stem cell 495:521 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 7 70 theme optimum 1201:1207 arg1 growth 1209:1214 optimum growth 1201:1214 optimum growth 1201:1214 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 2 71 theme chitosan-collagen 425:441 arg1 composite 451:459 chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 425:459 chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 425:459 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 1 72 theme tissue 283:288 arg1 architectures 290:302 tissue architectures 283:302 tissue architectures 283:302 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 6 73 theme interconnected 1078:1091 arg1 pores 1093:1097 well interconnected pores 1073:1097 well interconnected pores 1073:1097 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 8 74 theme CS-CG 1409:1413 arg1 scaffold 1425:1432 CS-CG composite scaffold 1409:1432 CS-CG composite scaffold 1409:1432 Likewise, osteogenic differentiation of hMSC occurs most preferably in CS-CG composite scaffold among all scaffold groups. 31784840 2 75 dep cell 518:521 arg1 adhesion 530:537 adhesion 530:537 adhesion 530:537 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 76 theme tissue 1645:1650 arg1 implant 1652:1658 a bone tissue implant 1638:1658 a bone tissue implant 1638:1658 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 3 77 theme mechanical 630:639 arg1 behavior 641:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 10 78 theme suitable 1713:1720 arg1 platform 1722:1729 a suitable platform 1711:1729 a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant 1711:1777 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 0 79 theme mesenchymal 53:63 arg1 cell 70:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 human mesenchymal stem cell 47:73 Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell on chitosan/collagen composite scaffold. 31784840 7 80 theme interconnectivity 1294:1310 arg1 absence 1283:1289 the absence 1279:1289 the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures 1279:1335 In case of CG scaffold, optimum growth and distribution of hMSC occurs only at the surface because of the absence of interconnectivity in their pore structures. 31784840 2 81 theme CS-CG 444:448 arg1 composite 451:459 chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 425:459 chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite 425:459 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 1 82 theme progenitor 155:164 arg1 source 171:176 a progenitor cell source 153:176 a progenitor cell source 153:176 In vitro tissue engineering requires a progenitor cell source and a porous scaffold providing three dimensional (3D) supports for growth and differentiation to attain tissue architectures. 31784840 6 83 with scaffold 1059:1066 arg1 pores 1093:1097 well interconnected pores 1073:1097 well interconnected pores 1073:1097 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 6 84 theme adhesion 1160:1167 arg1 motifs 1169:1174 inadequate adhesion motifs 1149:1174 inadequate adhesion motifs 1149:1174 Besides, CS scaffold with well interconnected pores showed poor adhesion and proliferation because of inadequate adhesion motifs. 31784840 3 85 theme fabricated 657:666 arg1 scaffold 685:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold 653:692 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 9 86 from differentiation 1498:1512 arg1 scaffold 1523:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 CS-CG scaffold 1517:1530 Such enhanced hMSC proliferation and differentiation in CS-CG scaffold significantly influenced on mechanical behavior of scaffold which is essential for in vivo application of a bone tissue implant. 31784840 3 87 theme scaffold 685:692 arg1 morphology 615:624 porous morphology 608:624 porous morphology 608:624 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 3 87 theme scaffold 685:692 arg1 behavior 641:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 mechanical behavior 630:648 Material dependent variations in porous morphology and mechanical behavior of the fabricated CS, CG and CS-CG scaffold showed significant impact on hMSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 10 88 dep in 1735:1736 arg1 vitro 1738:1742 vitro 1738:1742 vitro 1738:1742 Thus CS-CG composite scaffold holds promise to be a suitable platform for in vitro engineering of bone tissue implant. 31784840 2 89 theme scaffolds 376:384 arg1 characterization 346:361 characterization 346:361 characterization 346:361 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 31784840 2 89 theme scaffolds 376:384 arg1 fabrication 330:340 fabrication 330:340 fabrication 330:340 This research focused on fabrication and characterization of 3D porous scaffolds using chitosan (CS), collagen (CG) and chitosan-collagen (CS-CG) composite to investigate their influence on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. 29578021 8 0 theme culturing 1232:1240 arg1 purposes 1242:1249 the cell culturing purposes 1223:1249 the cell culturing purposes 1223:1249 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 6 1 dep prepared 821:828 arg1 reduced 858:864 reduced 858:864 prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride 821:879 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 6 1 dep prepared 821:828 arg1 cryogels 812:819 the cryogels 808:819 the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride 808:879 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 8 2 theme cell 1227:1230 arg1 purposes 1242:1249 the cell culturing purposes 1223:1249 the cell culturing purposes 1223:1249 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 4 3 theme zeta 555:558 arg1 potential 560:568 zeta potential 555:568 zeta potential 555:568 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 8 4 theme harmful 1114:1120 arg1 compounds 1122:1130 the harmful compounds 1110:1130 the harmful compounds 1110:1130 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 7 5 theme fibroblast 1042:1051 arg1 cells 1053:1057 fibroblast cells 1042:1057 fibroblast cells 1042:1057 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 7 6 theme higher 1015:1020 arg1 viability 1022:1030 significantly higher viability 1001:1030 significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells 1001:1057 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 7 6 theme higher 1015:1020 arg1 % 1036:1036 ~80% 1033:1036 ~80% 1033:1036 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 3 7 theme gelatin 376:382 arg1 cryogels 396:403 gelatin macroporous cryogels 376:403 gelatin macroporous cryogels 376:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 4 8 theme scaffolds 514:522 arg1 properties 491:500 The physico-chemical properties 470:500 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds 470:522 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 6 9 theme higher 789:794 arg1 times 783:787 degradation degree ~2 times 761:787 degradation degree ~2 times higher 761:794 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 0 10 theme regenerative 54:65 arg1 medicine 67:74 regenerative medicine 54:74 regenerative medicine 54:74 Biocompatible scaffolds based on natural polymers for regenerative medicine. 29578021 4 11 theme obtained 505:512 arg1 scaffolds 514:522 obtained scaffolds 505:522 obtained scaffolds 505:522 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 8 12 theme biomedical 1261:1270 arg1 applications 1272:1283 other biomedical applications 1255:1283 other biomedical applications 1255:1283 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 5 13 theme oxidized 663:670 arg1 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 14 used utilized 716:723 arg2 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 14 used utilized 716:723 arg2 agents 648:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents 606:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 606:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 14 used utilized 716:723 arg2 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 15 theme Non-toxic 606:614 arg1 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 15 theme Non-toxic 606:614 arg1 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 15 theme Non-toxic 606:614 arg1 agents 648:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents 606:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 606:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 0 16 theme Biocompatible 0:12 arg1 scaffolds 14:22 Biocompatible scaffolds 0:22 Biocompatible scaffolds 0:22 Biocompatible scaffolds based on natural polymers for regenerative medicine. 29578021 3 17 theme preparation 354:364 arg1 method 366:371 a two-step preparation method 343:371 a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels 343:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 6 18 contain had 757:759 arg2 times 783:787 degradation degree ~2 times 761:787 degradation degree ~2 times higher 761:794 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 6 18 contain had 757:759 arg1 cryogels 748:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 6 19 theme degree 773:778 arg1 times 783:787 degradation degree ~2 times 761:787 degradation degree ~2 times higher 761:794 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 3 20 theme one-step 409:416 arg1 method 430:435 one-step preparation method 409:435 one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels 409:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 4 21 theme confocal 585:592 arg1 microscopy 594:603 laser confocal microscopy 579:603 laser confocal microscopy 579:603 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 3 22 dep chitosan 440:447 arg1 cryogels 460:467 cryogels 460:467 cryogels 460:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 5 23 theme biodegradable 620:632 arg1 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 23 theme biodegradable 620:632 arg1 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 23 theme biodegradable 620:632 arg1 agents 648:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents 606:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 606:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 6 24 theme degradation 761:771 arg1 times 783:787 degradation degree ~2 times 761:787 degradation degree ~2 times higher 761:794 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 3 25 theme gelatin 452:458 arg1 method 366:371 a two-step preparation method 343:371 a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels 343:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 3 25 theme gelatin 452:458 arg1 method 430:435 one-step preparation method 409:435 one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels 409:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 3 26 theme macroporous 384:394 arg1 cryogels 396:403 gelatin macroporous cryogels 376:403 gelatin macroporous cryogels 376:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 4 27 theme laser 579:583 arg1 microscopy 594:603 laser confocal microscopy 579:603 laser confocal microscopy 579:603 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 5 28 theme cross-linking 634:646 arg1 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 684:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 28 theme cross-linking 634:646 arg1 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 dextran 672:678 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 5 28 theme cross-linking 634:646 arg1 agents 648:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents 606:653 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane 606:710 Non-toxic and biodegradable cross-linking agents such as oxidized dextran and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane are utilized. 29578021 3 29 theme cryogels 396:403 arg1 method 366:371 a two-step preparation method 343:371 a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels 343:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 3 29 theme cryogels 396:403 arg1 method 430:435 one-step preparation method 409:435 one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels 409:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 4 30 theme physico-chemical 474:489 arg1 properties 491:500 The physico-chemical properties 470:500 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds 470:522 The physico-chemical properties of obtained scaffolds were characterized using FTIR, zeta potential, SEM and laser confocal microscopy. 29578021 2 31 theme previous 181:188 arg1 methods 190:196 the previous methods 177:196 the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis 177:223 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 6 32 theme chitosan 739:746 arg1 cryogels 748:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 3 33 theme chitosan 440:447 arg1 method 366:371 a two-step preparation method 343:371 a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels 343:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 3 33 theme chitosan 440:447 arg1 method 430:435 one-step preparation method 409:435 one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels 409:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 0 34 theme natural 33:39 arg1 polymers 41:48 natural polymers 33:48 natural polymers for regenerative medicine 33:74 Biocompatible scaffolds based on natural polymers for regenerative medicine. 29578021 2 35 theme preparation 236:246 arg1 methods 248:254 multistep preparation methods 226:254 multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde 226:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 6 36 theme two-step 837:844 arg1 method 846:851 a two-step method 835:851 a two-step method 835:851 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 8 37 theme other 1255:1259 arg1 applications 1272:1283 other biomedical applications 1255:1283 other biomedical applications 1255:1283 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 3 38 theme preparation 418:428 arg1 method 430:435 one-step preparation method 409:435 one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels 409:467 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 2 39 theme multistep 226:234 arg1 methods 248:254 multistep preparation methods 226:254 multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde 226:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 7 40 dep % 935:935 arg1 40 933:934 40 933:934 40 933:934 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 1 41 theme used 116:119 arg1 gelatine 94:101 gelatine 94:101 gelatine 94:101 The chitosan and gelatine are commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications. 29578021 1 41 theme used 116:119 arg1 chitosan 81:88 chitosan 81:88 chitosan 81:88 The chitosan and gelatine are commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications. 29578021 1 41 theme used 116:119 arg1 biopolymers 121:131 commonly used biopolymers 107:131 commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications 107:171 The chitosan and gelatine are commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications. 29578021 7 42 contain had 923:925 arg2 viability 937:945 about 40% viability 927:945 about 40% viability 927:945 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 7 42 contain had 923:925 arg1 Scaffolds 882:890 Scaffolds 882:890 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde 882:921 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 8 43 theme biocompatible 1177:1189 arg1 straightforward 1158:1172 straightforward 1158:1172 straightforward 1158:1172 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 8 43 theme biocompatible 1177:1189 arg1 scaffolds 1209:1217 biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds 1177:1217 biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds 1177:1217 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 7 44 dep viability 937:945 arg1 % 935:935 % 935:935 % 935:935 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 6 45 theme one-step 730:737 arg1 cryogels 748:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels 726:755 The one-step chitosan cryogels had degradation degree ~2 times higher compared to the cryogels prepared with a two-step method i.e. reduced by borohydride. 29578021 2 46 theme cryogels 206:213 arg1 synthesis 215:223 the cryogels synthesis 202:223 the cryogels synthesis 202:223 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 8 47 theme biodegradable 1195:1207 arg1 straightforward 1158:1172 straightforward 1158:1172 straightforward 1158:1172 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 8 47 theme biodegradable 1195:1207 arg1 scaffolds 1209:1217 biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds 1177:1217 biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds 1177:1217 The cryogels were obtained without using the harmful compounds and therefore can be used straightforward as biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds for the cell culturing purposes and other biomedical applications. 29578021 2 48 theme cross-linking 268:280 arg1 glutaraldehyde 297:310 glutaraldehyde 297:310 glutaraldehyde 297:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 2 48 theme cross-linking 268:280 arg1 agents 282:287 toxic cross-linking agents 262:287 toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde 262:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 2 49 theme toxic 262:266 arg1 glutaraldehyde 297:310 glutaraldehyde 297:310 glutaraldehyde 297:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 2 49 theme toxic 262:266 arg1 agents 282:287 toxic cross-linking agents 262:287 toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde 262:310 In the previous methods for the cryogels synthesis, multistep preparation methods using toxic cross-linking agents such as glutaraldehyde are reported. 29578021 1 50 theme tissue 141:146 arg1 applications 160:171 the tissue engineering applications 137:171 the tissue engineering applications 137:171 The chitosan and gelatine are commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications. 29578021 7 51 theme cryogels 985:992 arg1 compositions 969:980 nine various compositions 956:980 nine various compositions of cryogels 956:992 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 3 52 theme two-step 345:352 arg1 method 366:371 a two-step preparation method 343:371 a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels 343:403 Here, we present a two-step preparation method of gelatin macroporous cryogels and one-step preparation method of chitosan or gelatin cryogels. 29578021 7 53 theme cells 1053:1057 arg1 viability 1022:1030 significantly higher viability 1001:1030 significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells 1001:1057 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 7 53 theme cells 1053:1057 arg1 % 1036:1036 ~80% 1033:1036 ~80% 1033:1036 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 29578021 1 54 theme engineering 148:158 arg1 applications 160:171 the tissue engineering applications 137:171 the tissue engineering applications 137:171 The chitosan and gelatine are commonly used biopolymers for the tissue engineering applications. 29578021 7 55 theme various 961:967 arg1 compositions 969:980 nine various compositions 956:980 nine various compositions of cryogels 956:992 Scaffolds cross-linked by glutaraldehyde had about 40% viability, whereas nine various compositions of cryogels showed significantly higher viability (~80%) of fibroblast cells in vitro. 30813044 4 0 theme higher 810:815 arg1 modulus 825:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 6 1 theme mechanical 1032:1041 arg1 properties 1043:1052 mechanical properties 1032:1052 mechanical properties 1032:1052 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 1 2 theme semi-interpenetrating 251:271 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 4 3 theme modulus 825:831 arg1 values 833:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values 758:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values 758:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 3 4 theme semi-IPN 680:687 arg1 terpolymer 689:698 the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer 664:698 the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer 664:698 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 7 5 theme higher 1177:1182 arg1 PEGDA 1186:1190 higher % PEGDA 1177:1190 higher % PEGDA 1177:1190 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 5 6 from pH 2.5 939:944 arg1 Differences 893:903 Differences 893:903 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 893:952 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 1 7 theme semi-IPN 274:281 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 9 8 from rates 1470:1474 arg1 viability 1449:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 9 9 contain containing 1517:1526 arg2 concentrations 1534:1547 lower concentrations 1528:1547 lower concentrations of PEGDA 1528:1556 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 9 9 contain containing 1517:1526 arg1 gels 1512:1515 gels 1512:1515 gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA 1512:1556 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 11 10 theme terpolymeric 1769:1780 arg1 hydrogel 1791:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 6 11 from influence 1000:1008 arg1 properties 1043:1052 mechanical properties 1032:1052 mechanical properties 1032:1052 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 6 11 from influence 1000:1008 arg1 BSA 1113:1115 BSA 1113:1115 BSA 1113:1115 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 6 11 from influence 1000:1008 arg1 5-ASA 1121:1125 5-ASA 1121:1125 5-ASA 1121:1125 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 6 11 from influence 1000:1008 arg1 morphology 1063:1072 surface morphology 1055:1072 surface morphology 1055:1072 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 6 11 from influence 1000:1008 arg1 swelling 1022:1029 swelling 1022:1029 swelling 1022:1029 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 7 12 from pores 1218:1222 arg1 network 1235:1241 the gel network 1227:1241 the gel network 1227:1241 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 5 13 from 7.4 950:952 arg1 Differences 893:903 Differences 893:903 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 893:952 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 0 14 theme albumin 141:147 arg1 serum 149:153 bovine albumin serum 134:153 bovine albumin serum 134:153 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 1 15 theme alginate 218:225 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 1 16 theme salicylic 397:405 arg1 acid 407:410 5-amino salicylic acid 389:410 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 389:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 1 16 theme salicylic 397:405 arg1 5-ASA 413:417 5-ASA 413:417 5-ASA 413:417 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 11 17 theme therapeutic 1895:1905 arg1 option 1907:1912 a therapeutic option 1893:1912 a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis 1893:1987 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 7 18 theme sized 1212:1216 arg1 pores 1218:1222 smaller sized pores 1204:1222 smaller sized pores in the gel network 1204:1241 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 9 19 theme cell 1444:1447 arg1 viability 1449:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 4 20 theme gel 861:863 arg1 formation 865:873 terpolymer gel formation 850:873 terpolymer gel formation 850:873 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 0 21 theme salicylic 167:175 arg1 acid 177:180 5-amino salicylic acid 159:180 5-amino salicylic acid 159:180 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 11 22 theme colon 1936:1940 arg1 Disease 1958:1964 Crohn's Disease 1950:1964 Crohn's Disease 1950:1964 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 22 theme colon 1936:1940 arg1 conditions 1918:1927 conditions 1918:1927 conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis 1918:1987 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 22 theme colon 1936:1940 arg1 Colitis 1981:1987 Ulcerative Colitis 1970:1987 Ulcerative Colitis 1970:1987 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 8 23 theme Texture 1244:1250 arg1 analyses 1252:1259 Texture analyses 1244:1259 Texture analyses 1244:1259 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 0 24 theme semi-IPN 77:84 arg1 hydrogel 86:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 9 25 theme cell 1479:1482 arg1 proliferation 1484:1496 cell proliferation 1479:1496 cell proliferation 1479:1496 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 2 26 theme 2-hydroxyethyl 498:511 arg1 HEA 523:525 HEA 523:525 HEA 523:525 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 2 26 theme 2-hydroxyethyl 498:511 arg1 acrylate 513:520 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate 498:520 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) 498:526 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 11 27 theme experimental 1721:1732 arg1 data 1734:1737 The experimental data 1717:1737 The experimental data 1717:1737 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 1 28 theme bovine 358:363 arg1 BSA 380:382 BSA 380:382 BSA 380:382 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 1 28 theme bovine 358:363 arg1 serum 373:377 bovine albumin serum 358:377 bovine albumin serum (BSA) 358:383 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 2 29 theme Alg 493:495 arg1 morphology 479:488 surface morphology 471:488 surface morphology of Alg 471:495 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 0 30 theme controlled 112:121 arg1 release 123:129 controlled release 112:129 controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid 112:180 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 1 31 theme serum 373:377 arg1 delivery 346:353 the delivery 342:353 the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 342:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 5 32 theme prepared 923:930 arg1 gel 932:934 the prepared gel 919:934 the prepared gel 919:934 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 11 33 theme protein 1868:1874 arg1 carrier 1857:1863 a carrier 1855:1863 a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) 1855:1988 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 33 theme protein 1868:1874 arg1 applications 1827:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 3 34 dep structure 634:642 arg1 The 621:623 The 621:623 The 621:623 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 9 35 theme lower 1528:1532 arg1 concentrations 1534:1547 lower concentrations 1528:1547 lower concentrations of PEGDA 1528:1556 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 6 36 dep swelling 1022:1029 arg1 delivery 1127:1134 delivery 1127:1134 delivery 1127:1134 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 11 37 theme 5-ASA 1886:1890 arg1 carrier 1857:1863 a carrier 1855:1863 a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) 1855:1988 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 37 theme 5-ASA 1886:1890 arg1 applications 1827:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 0 38 theme alginate-based 15:28 arg1 hydrogel 86:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 10 39 theme PEGDA 1638:1642 arg1 concentrations 1620:1633 higher concentrations 1613:1633 higher concentrations of PEGDA 1613:1642 The release results indicate that the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA more sustainably release BSA and 5-ASA at 5 days and 30 h, respectively. 30813044 9 40 from increases 1418:1426 arg1 viability 1449:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 4 41 theme swelling 785:792 arg1 ESS 801:803 ESS 801:803 ESS 801:803 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 4 41 theme swelling 785:792 arg1 state 794:798 equilibrium swelling state 773:798 equilibrium swelling state (ESS) 773:804 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 1 42 theme radical 315:321 arg1 polymerization 323:336 free radical polymerization 310:336 free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 310:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 5 43 theme stimuli-responsive 966:983 arg1 behaviour 985:993 its stimuli-responsive behaviour 962:993 its stimuli-responsive behaviour 962:993 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 3 44 theme probable 625:632 arg1 structure 634:642 probable structure 625:642 probable structure 625:642 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 8 45 theme PEGDA 1350:1354 arg1 concentrations 1356:1369 higher PEGDA concentrations 1343:1369 higher PEGDA concentrations 1343:1369 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 8 46 theme gel 1322:1324 arg1 chewiness 1305:1313 chewiness 1305:1313 chewiness 1305:1313 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 8 46 theme gel 1322:1324 arg1 adhesiveness 1288:1299 adhesiveness 1288:1299 adhesiveness 1288:1299 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 8 46 theme gel 1322:1324 arg1 hardness 1278:1285 hardness 1278:1285 hardness 1278:1285 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 11 47 theme biomedical 1816:1825 arg1 carrier 1857:1863 a carrier 1855:1863 a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) 1855:1988 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 47 theme biomedical 1816:1825 arg1 applications 1827:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 7 48 theme smaller 1204:1210 arg1 pores 1218:1222 smaller sized pores 1204:1222 smaller sized pores in the gel network 1204:1241 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 5 49 from Differences 893:903 arg1 pH 2.5 939:944 pH 2.5 939:944 pH 2.5 939:944 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 5 49 from Differences 893:903 arg1 7.4 950:952 7.4 950:952 7.4 950:952 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 5 49 from Differences 893:903 arg1 ESS 912:914 ESS 912:914 ESS 912:914 Differences in the ESS of the prepared gel at pH 2.5 and 7.4 signify its stimuli-responsive behaviour. 30813044 9 50 from Increases 1372:1380 arg1 concentration 1391:1403 PEGDA concentration 1385:1403 PEGDA concentration 1385:1403 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 1 51 theme terpolymeric 238:249 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 10 52 contain containing 1602:1611 arg1 gels 1597:1600 the gels 1593:1600 the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA 1593:1642 The release results indicate that the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA more sustainably release BSA and 5-ASA at 5 days and 30 h, respectively. 30813044 10 52 contain containing 1602:1611 arg2 concentrations 1620:1633 higher concentrations 1613:1633 higher concentrations of PEGDA 1613:1642 The release results indicate that the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA more sustainably release BSA and 5-ASA at 5 days and 30 h, respectively. 30813044 7 53 theme % 1184:1184 arg1 PEGDA 1186:1190 higher % PEGDA 1177:1190 higher % PEGDA 1177:1190 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 4 54 theme elastic 817:823 arg1 modulus 825:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 3 55 theme terpolymer 689:698 arg1 compositions 648:659 compositions 648:659 compositions 648:659 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 3 55 theme terpolymer 689:698 arg1 structure 634:642 probable structure 625:642 probable structure 625:642 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 4 56 theme state 794:798 arg1 Achievement 758:768 Achievement 758:768 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) 758:804 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 4 56 theme state 794:798 arg1 modulus 825:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 higher elastic modulus 810:831 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 10 57 theme release 1563:1569 arg1 results 1571:1577 The release results 1559:1577 The release results 1559:1577 The release results indicate that the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA more sustainably release BSA and 5-ASA at 5 days and 30 h, respectively. 30813044 3 58 theme synthesized 668:678 arg1 terpolymer 689:698 the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer 664:698 the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer 664:698 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 11 59 theme Ulcerative 1970:1979 arg1 Colitis 1981:1987 Ulcerative Colitis 1970:1987 Ulcerative Colitis 1970:1987 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 9 60 theme PEGDA 1385:1389 arg1 concentration 1391:1403 PEGDA concentration 1385:1403 PEGDA concentration 1385:1403 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 2 61 theme poly 579:582 arg1 PEGDA 613:617 PEGDA 613:617 PEGDA 613:617 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 2 61 theme poly 579:582 arg1 diacrylate 601:610 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 579:610 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) 579:618 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 2 62 theme ethylene 584:591 arg1 poly 579:582 poly 579:582 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) 579:618 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 2 62 theme ethylene 584:591 arg1 glycol 593:598 ethylene glycol 584:598 ethylene glycol 584:598 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 11 63 theme semi-IPN 1782:1789 arg1 hydrogel 1791:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 0 64 theme bovine 134:139 arg1 serum 149:153 bovine albumin serum 134:153 bovine albumin serum 134:153 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 11 65 theme synthesized 1757:1767 arg1 hydrogel 1791:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 0 66 theme serum 149:153 arg1 release 123:129 controlled release 112:129 controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid 112:180 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 1 67 theme functionalized 203:216 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 4 68 theme aqueous 878:884 arg1 media 886:890 aqueous media 878:890 aqueous media 878:890 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 11 69 theme useful 1809:1814 arg1 carrier 1857:1863 a carrier 1855:1863 a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) 1855:1988 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 69 theme useful 1809:1814 arg1 applications 1827:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 0 70 theme 5-amino 159:165 arg1 acid 177:180 5-amino salicylic acid 159:180 5-amino salicylic acid 159:180 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 1 71 theme 5-amino 389:395 arg1 acid 407:410 5-amino salicylic acid 389:410 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 389:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 1 71 theme 5-amino 389:395 arg1 5-ASA 413:417 5-ASA 413:417 5-ASA 413:417 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 9 72 theme osteoblastic 1431:1442 arg1 viability 1449:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 osteoblastic cell viability 1431:1457 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 3 73 theme 1H-HR-MAS 725:733 arg1 NMR 735:737 1H-HR-MAS NMR 725:737 1H-HR-MAS NMR 725:737 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 0 74 theme acid 177:180 arg1 release 123:129 controlled release 112:129 controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid 112:180 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 1 75 theme acid 407:410 arg1 delivery 346:353 the delivery 342:353 the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 342:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 4 76 theme terpolymer 850:859 arg1 formation 865:873 terpolymer gel formation 850:873 terpolymer gel formation 850:873 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 0 77 theme hydrogel 86:93 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 0:181 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 9 78 theme higher 1463:1468 arg1 rates 1470:1474 higher rates 1463:1474 higher rates of cell proliferation 1463:1496 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 2 79 theme surface 471:477 arg1 morphology 479:488 surface morphology 471:488 surface morphology of Alg 471:495 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 3 80 theme TGA 744:746 arg1 analyses 748:755 TGA analyses 744:755 TGA analyses 744:755 The probable structure and compositions of the synthesized semi-IPN terpolymer were identified by FTIR, 1H-HR-MAS NMR, and TGA analyses. 30813044 7 81 theme SEM 1156:1158 arg1 images 1160:1165 SEM images 1156:1165 SEM images 1156:1165 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 9 82 theme proliferation 1484:1496 arg1 rates 1470:1474 higher rates 1463:1474 higher rates of cell proliferation 1463:1496 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 9 82 theme proliferation 1484:1496 arg1 increases 1418:1426 increases 1418:1426 increases in osteoblastic cell viability 1418:1457 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 6 83 theme surface 1055:1061 arg1 morphology 1063:1072 surface morphology 1055:1072 surface morphology 1055:1072 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 1 84 theme albumin 365:371 arg1 BSA 380:382 BSA 380:382 BSA 380:382 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 1 84 theme albumin 365:371 arg1 serum 373:377 bovine albumin serum 358:377 bovine albumin serum (BSA) 358:383 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 10 85 theme higher 1613:1618 arg1 concentrations 1620:1633 higher concentrations 1613:1633 higher concentrations of PEGDA 1613:1642 The release results indicate that the gels containing higher concentrations of PEGDA more sustainably release BSA and 5-ASA at 5 days and 30 h, respectively. 30813044 6 86 theme PEGDA 1013:1017 arg1 influence 1000:1008 The influence 996:1008 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery 996:1134 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 0 87 theme stimuli-responsive 30:47 arg1 hydrogel 86:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel 15:93 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 7 88 theme gel 1231:1233 arg1 network 1235:1241 the gel network 1227:1241 the gel network 1227:1241 SEM images show that higher % PEGDA resulted in smaller sized pores in the gel network. 30813044 9 89 theme PEGDA 1552:1556 arg1 concentrations 1534:1547 lower concentrations 1528:1547 lower concentrations of PEGDA 1528:1556 Increases in PEGDA concentration also induced increases in osteoblastic cell viability and higher rates of cell proliferation compared with gels containing lower concentrations of PEGDA. 30813044 4 90 theme Achievement 758:768 arg1 values 833:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values 758:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values 758:838 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 1 91 theme free 310:313 arg1 polymerization 323:336 free radical polymerization 310:336 free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA) 310:418 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 6 92 theme cell 1075:1078 arg1 viability 1080:1088 cell viability 1075:1088 cell viability 1075:1088 The influence of PEGDA on swelling, mechanical properties, surface morphology, cell viability and proliferation, and BSA and 5-ASA delivery were characterized. 30813044 2 93 theme mechanical 432:441 arg1 properties 443:452 mechanical properties 432:452 mechanical properties 432:452 To improve mechanical properties, and to modulate surface morphology of Alg, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) was grafted on alginate and then crosslinked using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). 30813044 4 94 theme equilibrium 773:783 arg1 ESS 801:803 ESS 801:803 ESS 801:803 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 4 94 theme equilibrium 773:783 arg1 state 794:798 equilibrium swelling state 773:798 equilibrium swelling state (ESS) 773:804 Achievement of equilibrium swelling state (ESS) and higher elastic modulus values confirmed terpolymer gel formation in aqueous media. 30813044 0 95 dep stimuli-responsive 30:47 arg1 non-cytotoxic 50:62 non-cytotoxic 50:62 non-cytotoxic 50:62 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 0 95 dep stimuli-responsive 30:47 arg1 terpolymric 65:75 terpolymric 65:75 terpolymric 65:75 Fabrication of alginate-based stimuli-responsive, non-cytotoxic, terpolymric semi-IPN hydrogel as a carrier for controlled release of bovine albumin serum and 5-amino salicylic acid. 30813044 11 96 contain have 1804:1807 arg2 carrier 1857:1863 a carrier 1855:1863 a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) 1855:1988 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 96 contain have 1804:1807 arg2 applications 1827:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 useful biomedical applications 1809:1838 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 11 96 contain have 1804:1807 arg1 hydrogel 1791:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel 1753:1798 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 8 97 theme higher 1343:1348 arg1 concentrations 1356:1369 higher PEGDA concentrations 1343:1369 higher PEGDA concentrations 1343:1369 Texture analyses demonstrate that hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness of the gel were enhanced at higher PEGDA concentrations. 30813044 1 98 theme Alg 227:229 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 30813044 11 99 dep 5-ASA 1886:1890 arg1 option 1907:1912 a therapeutic option 1893:1912 a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis 1893:1987 The experimental data revealed that the synthesized terpolymeric semi-IPN hydrogel may have useful biomedical applications, especially as a carrier of protein (BSA), or 5-ASA (a therapeutic option for conditions of the colon such as Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis). 30813044 1 100 theme -based 231:236 arg1 hydrogel 284:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel 201:291 Herein, we report a functionalized alginate(Alg)-based terpolymeric semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) hydrogel, synthesized via free radical polymerization for the delivery of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and 5-amino salicylic acid (5-ASA). 29773865 0 0 theme dynamic 77:83 arg1 changes 85:91 dynamic changes 77:91 dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle 77:129 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 6 1 theme muscle 891:896 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 7 2 theme perlecan-deficient 1024:1041 arg1 muscle 1052:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 6 3 theme mitochondria 950:961 arg1 amount 877:882 the significantly relatively increased amount 838:882 the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 838:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 3 theme mitochondria 950:961 arg1 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 3 theme mitochondria 950:961 arg1 quantity 938:945 a larger quantity 929:945 a larger quantity of mitochondria 929:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 3 theme mitochondria 950:961 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 4 theme IIA 909:911 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 7 5 theme PGC1α 1157:1161 arg1 protein 1164:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 7 6 theme skeletal 1043:1050 arg1 muscle 1052:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 9 7 theme oxidative 1387:1395 arg1 fibers 1397:1402 oxidative fibers 1387:1402 oxidative fibers 1387:1402 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 2 8 theme perlecan 312:319 arg1 roles 303:307 physiological roles 289:307 physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome 289:371 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 6 9 theme X 914:914 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 3 10 theme Hspg2-/--Tg 425:435 arg1 mice 438:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 3 11 theme tissues 496:502 arg1 mass 460:463 a smaller mass 450:463 a smaller mass 450:463 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 3 11 theme tissues 496:502 arg1 size 474:477 cell size 469:477 cell size 469:477 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 4 12 theme lipid 540:544 arg1 deposition 546:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 7 13 theme 1-alpha 1148:1154 arg1 protein 1164:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 6 14 theme Molecular 810:818 arg1 analysis 820:827 Molecular analysis 810:827 Molecular analysis 810:827 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 0 15 with metabolism 61:70 arg1 changes 85:91 dynamic changes 77:91 dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle 77:129 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 4 16 theme energy 665:670 arg1 source 672:677 an energy source 662:677 an energy source 662:677 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 16 theme energy 665:670 arg1 fat 655:657 more fat 650:657 more fat 650:657 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 17 theme Abnormal 531:538 arg1 deposition 546:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 7 18 theme receptor 1121:1128 arg1 gamma 1130:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1087:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 6 19 theme mice 1001:1004 arg1 muscle 979:984 the skeletal muscle 966:984 the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice 966:1004 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 2 20 from roles 303:307 arg1 onset 345:349 the onset 341:349 the onset of metabolic syndrome 341:371 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 2 20 from roles 303:307 arg1 obesity 329:335 obesity 329:335 obesity 329:335 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 3 21 theme white 482:486 arg1 tissues 496:502 white adipose tissues 482:502 white adipose tissues 482:502 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 3 22 theme perinatal 378:386 arg1 mice 438:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 3 23 theme perlecan 406:413 arg1 mice 438:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 0 24 theme adipose 96:102 arg1 tissue 104:109 adipose tissue 96:109 adipose tissue 96:109 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 3 25 theme adipose 488:494 arg1 tissues 496:502 white adipose tissues 482:502 white adipose tissues 482:502 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 6 26 theme Hspg2-/--Tg 989:999 arg1 mice 1001:1004 Hspg2-/--Tg mice 989:1004 Hspg2-/--Tg mice 989:1004 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 3 27 theme knockout 415:422 arg1 mice 438:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 7 28 theme peroxisome 1087:1096 arg1 gamma 1130:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1087:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 3 29 theme WT-Tg 518:522 arg1 mice 525:528 control (WT-Tg) mice 509:528 control (WT-Tg) mice 509:528 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 6 30 theme skeletal 970:977 arg1 muscle 979:984 the skeletal muscle 966:984 the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice 966:1004 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 1 31 theme heparan 152:158 arg1 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan (HSPG2) 132:147 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 1 31 theme heparan 152:158 arg1 proteoglycan 168:179 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 150:179 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 150:179 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 7 32 theme proliferator-activated 1098:1119 arg1 gamma 1130:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1087:1134 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 6 33 theme type 904:907 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 8 34 theme PGC1α 1173:1177 arg1 expression 1179:1188 PGC1α expression 1173:1188 PGC1α expression 1173:1188 PGC1α expression is activated by exercise, and induces mitochondrial biosynthesis. 29773865 5 35 theme Hspg2-/--Tg 749:759 arg1 mice 761:764 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 745:764 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 745:764 In addition, the Hspg2-/--Tg mice demonstrated increased insulin sensitivity. 29773865 1 36 theme sulfate 160:166 arg1 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan (HSPG2) 132:147 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 1 36 theme sulfate 160:166 arg1 proteoglycan 168:179 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 150:179 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 150:179 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 0 37 theme heparan 12:18 arg1 proteoglycan 28:39 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 10:39 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 10:39 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 0 37 theme heparan 12:18 arg1 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 6 38 theme fiber 898:902 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 0 39 theme skeletal 115:122 arg1 muscle 124:129 skeletal muscle 115:129 skeletal muscle 115:129 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 7 40 contain had 1064:1066 arg1 muscle 1052:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle 1020:1057 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 7 40 contain had 1064:1066 arg2 levels 1077:1082 elevated levels 1068:1082 elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1068:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 3 41 theme control 509:515 arg1 mice 525:528 control (WT-Tg) mice 509:528 control (WT-Tg) mice 509:528 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 1 42 theme biological 252:261 arg1 activities 263:272 biological activities 252:272 biological activities 252:272 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 3 43 theme cell 469:472 arg1 size 474:477 cell size 469:477 cell size 469:477 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 9 44 theme muscle 1359:1364 arg1 composition 1372:1382 the muscle fiber composition 1355:1382 the muscle fiber composition 1355:1382 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 4 45 theme fatty 566:570 arg1 liver 572:576 fatty liver 566:576 fatty liver 566:576 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 1 46 theme activities 263:272 arg1 variety 241:247 a variety 239:247 a variety of biological activities 239:272 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 1 46 theme activities 263:272 arg1 activities 263:272 biological activities 252:272 biological activities 252:272 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 4 47 located detected 587:594 arg1 mice 615:618 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 599:618 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 599:618 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 47 located detected 587:594 arg2 liver 572:576 fatty liver 566:576 fatty liver 566:576 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 47 located detected 587:594 arg2 deposition 546:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition 531:555 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 48 theme acid 716:719 arg1 oxidation 721:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 3 49 theme lethality-rescued 388:404 arg1 mice 438:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice 374:441 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 2 50 theme syndrome 364:371 arg1 onset 345:349 the onset 341:349 the onset of metabolic syndrome 341:371 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 2 50 theme syndrome 364:371 arg1 obesity 329:335 obesity 329:335 obesity 329:335 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 0 51 theme sulfate 20:26 arg1 proteoglycan 28:39 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 10:39 a heparan sulfate proteoglycan 10:39 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 0 51 theme sulfate 20:26 arg1 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan 0:7 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 9 52 theme catabolism 1305:1314 arg1 mechano-regulator 1284:1300 a mechano-regulator 1282:1300 a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose 1282:1341 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 9 52 theme catabolism 1305:1314 arg1 perlecan 1262:1269 perlecan 1262:1269 perlecan 1262:1269 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 7 53 theme elevated 1068:1075 arg1 levels 1077:1082 elevated levels 1068:1082 elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1068:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 4 54 theme fatty 710:714 arg1 oxidation 721:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 2 55 theme metabolic 354:362 arg1 syndrome 364:371 metabolic syndrome 354:371 metabolic syndrome 354:371 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 7 56 theme coactivator 1136:1146 arg1 protein 1164:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 10 57 theme promising 1459:1467 arg1 downregulation 1427:1440 downregulation 1427:1440 downregulation of perlecan 1427:1452 Our data suggest that downregulation of perlecan is a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome. 29773865 10 57 theme promising 1459:1467 arg1 strategy 1469:1476 a promising strategy 1457:1476 a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome 1457:1506 Our data suggest that downregulation of perlecan is a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome. 29773865 7 58 theme protein 1164:1170 arg1 levels 1077:1082 elevated levels 1068:1082 elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1068:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 9 59 theme fiber 1366:1370 arg1 composition 1372:1382 the muscle fiber composition 1355:1382 the muscle fiber composition 1355:1382 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 3 60 theme smaller 452:458 arg1 mass 460:463 a smaller mass 450:463 a smaller mass 450:463 The perinatal lethality-rescued perlecan knockout (Hspg2-/--Tg) mice showed a smaller mass and cell size of white adipose tissues than control (WT-Tg) mice. 29773865 6 61 theme increased 867:875 arg1 amount 877:882 the significantly relatively increased amount 838:882 the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 838:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 61 theme increased 867:875 arg1 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 61 theme increased 867:875 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 7 62 theme gamma 1130:1134 arg1 protein 1164:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein 1087:1170 Furthermore, the perlecan-deficient skeletal muscle also had elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) protein. 29773865 4 63 dep such 558:561 arg1 as 563:564 as 563:564 as 563:564 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 2 64 theme physiological 289:301 arg1 roles 303:307 physiological roles 289:307 physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome 289:371 Here, we show physiological roles of perlecan in both obesity and the onset of metabolic syndrome. 29773865 5 65 theme increased 779:787 arg1 sensitivity 797:807 increased insulin sensitivity 779:807 increased insulin sensitivity 779:807 In addition, the Hspg2-/--Tg mice demonstrated increased insulin sensitivity. 29773865 6 66 theme larger 931:936 arg1 quantity 938:945 a larger quantity 929:945 a larger quantity of mitochondria 929:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 10 67 theme perlecan 1445:1452 arg1 downregulation 1427:1440 downregulation 1427:1440 downregulation of perlecan 1427:1452 Our data suggest that downregulation of perlecan is a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome. 29773865 10 67 theme perlecan 1445:1452 arg1 strategy 1469:1476 a promising strategy 1457:1476 a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome 1457:1506 Our data suggest that downregulation of perlecan is a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome. 29773865 4 68 theme due 687:689 arg1 source 672:677 an energy source 662:677 an energy source 662:677 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 4 68 theme due 687:689 arg1 fat 655:657 more fat 650:657 more fat 650:657 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 8 69 theme mitochondrial 1228:1240 arg1 biosynthesis 1242:1253 mitochondrial biosynthesis 1228:1253 mitochondrial biosynthesis 1228:1253 PGC1α expression is activated by exercise, and induces mitochondrial biosynthesis. 29773865 9 70 theme lipids 1324:1329 arg1 catabolism 1305:1314 catabolism 1305:1314 catabolism of both lipids and glucose 1305:1341 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 10 71 theme metabolic 1489:1497 arg1 syndrome 1499:1506 metabolic syndrome 1489:1506 metabolic syndrome 1489:1506 Our data suggest that downregulation of perlecan is a promising strategy to control metabolic syndrome. 29773865 0 72 from changes 85:91 arg1 muscle 124:129 skeletal muscle 115:129 skeletal muscle 115:129 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 0 72 from changes 85:91 arg1 tissue 104:109 adipose tissue 96:109 adipose tissue 96:109 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 4 73 theme activated 700:708 arg1 oxidation 721:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 their activated fatty acid oxidation 694:729 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 5 74 theme insulin 789:795 arg1 sensitivity 797:807 increased insulin sensitivity 779:807 increased insulin sensitivity 779:807 In addition, the Hspg2-/--Tg mice demonstrated increased insulin sensitivity. 29773865 1 75 theme basement 200:207 arg1 membranes 209:217 basement membranes 200:217 basement membranes 200:217 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 0 76 theme systemic 52:59 arg1 metabolism 61:70 systemic metabolism 52:70 systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle 52:129 Perlecan, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, regulates systemic metabolism with dynamic changes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. 29773865 6 77 theme isoform 917:923 arg1 amount 877:882 the significantly relatively increased amount 838:882 the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 838:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 77 theme isoform 917:923 arg1 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 mitochondria 950:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 77 theme isoform 917:923 arg1 quantity 938:945 a larger quantity 929:945 a larger quantity of mitochondria 929:961 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 6 77 theme isoform 917:923 arg1 isoform 917:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform 887:923 Molecular analysis revealed the significantly relatively increased amount of the muscle fiber type IIA (X) isoform and a larger quantity of mitochondria in the skeletal muscle of Hspg2-/--Tg mice. 29773865 4 78 theme Hspg2-/--Tg 603:613 arg1 mice 615:618 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 599:618 the Hspg2-/--Tg mice 599:618 Abnormal lipid deposition, such as fatty liver, was not detected in the Hspg2-/--Tg mice, and those mice also consumed more fat as an energy source, likely due to their activated fatty acid oxidation. 29773865 9 79 theme glucose 1335:1341 arg1 catabolism 1305:1314 catabolism 1305:1314 catabolism of both lipids and glucose 1305:1341 Thus, perlecan may act as a mechano-regulator of catabolism of both lipids and glucose by shifting the muscle fiber composition to oxidative fibers. 29773865 1 80 theme membranes 209:217 arg1 component 187:195 a component 185:195 a component of basement membranes 185:217 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 29773865 1 80 theme membranes 209:217 arg1 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan 132:139 Perlecan (HSPG2) 132:147 Perlecan (HSPG2), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is a component of basement membranes and participates in a variety of biological activities. 30229247 4 0 from grades 718:723 arg1 samples 697:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples 668:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration 668:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 11 1 theme IR-ATR 1973:1978 arg1 spectroscopy 1980:1991 IR-ATR spectroscopy 1973:1991 IR-ATR spectroscopy 1973:1991 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 9 2 theme water-binding 1665:1677 arg1 proteoglycan 1679:1690 water-binding proteoglycan 1665:1690 water-binding proteoglycan 1665:1690 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 11 3 theme degeneration 2049:2060 arg1 processes 2062:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 4 4 theme correlation 865:875 arg1 analysis 877:884 2D correlation analysis 862:884 2D correlation analysis 862:884 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 4 5 theme menisci 689:695 arg1 samples 697:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples 668:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration 668:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 2 6 theme grading 266:272 arg1 scale 274:278 the grading scale 262:278 the grading scale of meniscus degeneration 262:303 Currently, the grading scale of meniscus degeneration is conventionally derived from evaluating meniscal morphology and histological staining. 30229247 9 7 theme proteoglycan 1679:1690 arg1 degradation 1646:1656 a degradation 1644:1656 a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification 1644:1765 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 6 8 theme significant 1131:1141 arg1 variance 1148:1155 significant area variance 1131:1155 significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks 1131:1179 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 11 9 dep useful 2131:2136 arg1 diagnostic 2138:2147 diagnostic 2138:2147 diagnostic 2138:2147 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 3 10 theme intra- 600:605 arg1 bonds 639:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 9 11 theme collagen 1696:1703 arg1 network 1705:1711 collagen network 1696:1711 collagen network 1696:1711 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 10 12 theme collagen-chondroitin 1810:1829 arg1 model 1848:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 2 13 theme degeneration 292:303 arg1 scale 274:278 the grading scale 262:278 the grading scale of meniscus degeneration 262:303 Currently, the grading scale of meniscus degeneration is conventionally derived from evaluating meniscal morphology and histological staining. 30229247 4 14 theme lyophilized 671:681 arg1 samples 697:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples 668:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration 668:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 10 15 theme mixture 1840:1846 arg1 model 1848:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 1 16 theme knee 214:217 arg1 joint 219:223 knee joint tears and osteoarthritis 214:248 joint 219:223 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 9 17 theme degenerated 1728:1738 arg1 menisci 1740:1746 degenerated menisci 1728:1746 degenerated menisci 1728:1746 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 3 18 theme inter-molecular 614:628 arg1 bonds 639:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 8 19 theme triple 1444:1449 arg1 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 19 theme triple 1444:1449 arg1 structure 1459:1467 the triple helical structure 1440:1467 the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift 1440:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 4 20 theme IR-ATR 759:764 arg1 spectroscopy 766:777 IR-ATR spectroscopy 759:777 IR-ATR spectroscopy 759:777 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 11 21 theme tissue 2042:2047 arg1 processes 2062:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 6 22 theme sub-peaks 1171:1179 arg1 variance 1148:1155 significant area variance 1131:1155 significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks 1131:1179 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 7 23 theme further 1214:1220 arg1 access 1222:1227 further access 1214:1227 further access to detailed changes of the amide I band 1214:1267 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 1 24 theme knee 161:164 arg1 functions 166:174 normal knee functions 154:174 normal knee functions 154:174 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 8 25 theme meniscal 1472:1479 arg1 shift 1500:1504 the blue shift 1491:1504 the blue shift 1491:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 25 theme meniscal 1472:1479 arg1 collagen 1481:1488 meniscal collagen 1472:1488 meniscal collagen 1472:1488 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 4 26 theme degeneration 728:739 arg1 grades 718:723 different grades 708:723 different grades of degeneration 708:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 5 27 dep 4 945:945 arg1 to 942:943 to 942:943 to 942:943 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 7 28 theme 2D 1182:1183 arg1 spectra 1197:1203 2D correlation spectra 1182:1203 2D correlation spectra 1182:1203 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 5 29 theme associated 1064:1073 arg1 spectra 1078:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 8 30 theme blue 1495:1498 arg1 shift 1500:1504 the blue shift 1491:1504 the blue shift 1491:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 30 theme blue 1495:1498 arg1 collagen 1481:1488 meniscal collagen 1472:1488 meniscal collagen 1472:1488 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 31 theme mid-infrared 403:414 arg1 technique 492:500 a particularly useful technique 470:500 a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 470:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 3 31 theme mid-infrared 403:414 arg1 spectroscopy 454:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 11 32 theme cartilage 2174:2182 arg1 degeneration 2184:2195 cartilage degeneration 2174:2195 cartilage degeneration 2174:2195 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 8 33 theme area 1515:1518 arg1 changes 1520:1526 peak area changes 1510:1526 peak area changes during meniscus degeneration 1510:1555 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 11 34 theme spectroscopy 1980:1991 arg1 utility 1962:1968 the utility 1958:1968 the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail 1958:2096 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 4 35 theme label-free 784:793 arg1 fashion 795:801 a label-free fashion 782:801 a label-free fashion 782:801 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 8 36 theme secondary 1379:1387 arg1 information 1399:1409 the protein secondary structure information 1367:1409 the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band 1367:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 0 37 theme human 12:16 arg1 degeneration 26:37 human menisci degeneration 12:37 human menisci degeneration via infrared 12:50 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. 30229247 1 38 theme meniscal 116:123 arg1 tissue 125:130 human meniscal tissue 110:130 human meniscal tissue 110:130 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 7 39 theme degeneration 1280:1291 arg1 process 1293:1299 the degeneration process 1276:1299 the degeneration process 1276:1299 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 10 40 theme collagen 1890:1897 arg1 fibrils 1899:1905 collagen fibrils 1890:1905 collagen fibrils 1890:1905 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 4 41 theme peak 845:848 arg1 fitting 850:856 Gaussian peak fitting 836:856 Gaussian peak fitting 836:856 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 0 42 theme degeneration 26:37 arg1 Analysis 0:7 Analysis 0:7 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared 0:50 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. 30229247 5 43 theme amide 1014:1018 arg1 cm-1 1038:1041 1700-1600 cm-1 1028:1041 1700-1600 cm-1 1028:1041 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 5 43 theme amide 1014:1018 arg1 band 1022:1025 the amide I band 1010:1025 the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 1010:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 3 44 theme total 427:431 arg1 reflectance 433:443 total reflectance 427:443 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 3 44 theme total 427:431 arg1 IR-ATR 446:451 IR-ATR 446:451 IR-ATR 446:451 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 0 45 theme total 63:67 arg1 spectroscopy 80:91 total reflection spectroscopy 63:91 total reflection spectroscopy 63:91 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. 30229247 9 46 with proteoglycan 1679:1690 arg1 calcification 1753:1765 calcification 1753:1765 calcification 1753:1765 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 5 47 theme band 1022:1025 arg1 shift 1001:1005 an evident blue shift 985:1005 an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 985:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 7 48 theme I 1262:1262 arg1 band 1264:1267 the amide I band 1252:1267 the amide I band 1252:1267 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 4 49 theme Gaussian 836:843 arg1 fitting 850:856 Gaussian peak fitting 836:856 Gaussian peak fitting 836:856 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 1 50 theme joint 219:223 arg1 etiology 202:209 a highly relevant etiology 184:209 a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis 184:248 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 11 51 theme meniscal 2033:2040 arg1 processes 2062:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 meniscal tissue degeneration processes 2033:2070 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 5 52 theme blue 996:999 arg1 shift 1001:1005 an evident blue shift 985:1005 an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 985:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 8 53 theme collagen 1575:1582 arg1 formation 1591:1599 collagen fibril formation 1575:1599 collagen fibril formation 1575:1599 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 9 54 with network 1705:1711 arg1 calcification 1753:1765 calcification 1753:1765 calcification 1753:1765 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 8 55 theme I 1428:1428 arg1 band 1430:1433 the amide I band 1418:1433 the amide I band 1418:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 10 56 from changes 1879:1885 arg1 proteoglycans 1911:1923 proteoglycans 1911:1923 proteoglycans 1911:1923 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 10 56 from changes 1879:1885 arg1 fibrils 1899:1905 collagen fibrils 1890:1905 collagen fibrils 1890:1905 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 8 57 theme formation 1591:1599 arg1 structure 1459:1467 the triple helical structure 1440:1467 the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift 1440:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 57 theme formation 1591:1599 arg1 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 2 58 theme histological 371:382 arg1 staining 384:391 histological staining 371:391 histological staining 371:391 Currently, the grading scale of meniscus degeneration is conventionally derived from evaluating meniscal morphology and histological staining. 30229247 8 59 theme evolving 1608:1615 arg1 degeneration 1617:1628 evolving degeneration 1608:1628 evolving degeneration 1608:1628 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 2 60 theme meniscus 283:290 arg1 degeneration 292:303 meniscus degeneration 283:303 meniscus degeneration 283:303 Currently, the grading scale of meniscus degeneration is conventionally derived from evaluating meniscal morphology and histological staining. 30229247 11 61 theme useful 2131:2136 arg1 instrument 2149:2158 a useful diagnostic instrument 2129:2158 a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration 2129:2195 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 6 62 theme Gaussian 1100:1107 arg1 fitting 1114:1120 Gaussian peak fitting 1100:1120 Gaussian peak fitting 1100:1120 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 5 63 located observed 1048:1055 arg1 spectra 1078:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 5 63 located observed 1048:1055 arg2 shift 1001:1005 an evident blue shift 985:1005 an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 985:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 4 64 theme 2D 862:863 arg1 analysis 877:884 2D correlation analysis 862:884 2D correlation analysis 862:884 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 6 65 theme area 1143:1146 arg1 variance 1148:1155 significant area variance 1131:1155 significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks 1131:1179 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 4 66 theme human 683:687 arg1 samples 697:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples 668:703 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration 668:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 11 67 theme molecular 2075:2083 arg1 detail 2091:2096 molecular level detail 2075:2096 molecular level detail 2075:2096 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 5 68 theme meniscal 905:912 arg1 grade 934:938 grade 1 to 4 934:945 grade 1 to 4 934:945 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 5 68 theme meniscal 905:912 arg1 degeneration 914:925 meniscal degeneration 905:925 meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) 905:946 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 1 69 theme relevant 193:200 arg1 etiology 202:209 a highly relevant etiology 184:209 a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis 184:248 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 11 70 theme level 2085:2089 arg1 detail 2091:2096 molecular level detail 2075:2096 molecular level detail 2075:2096 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 9 71 theme network 1705:1711 arg1 degradation 1646:1656 a degradation 1644:1656 a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification 1644:1765 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 6 72 theme peak 1109:1112 arg1 fitting 1114:1120 Gaussian peak fitting 1100:1120 Gaussian peak fitting 1100:1120 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 2 73 theme meniscal 347:354 arg1 morphology 356:365 meniscal morphology 347:365 meniscal morphology 347:365 Currently, the grading scale of meniscus degeneration is conventionally derived from evaluating meniscal morphology and histological staining. 30229247 3 74 theme chemical 630:637 arg1 bonds 639:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 1 75 dep joint 219:223 arg1 tears 225:229 tears 225:229 tears 225:229 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 10 76 theme sulphate 1831:1838 arg1 model 1848:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model 1808:1852 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 1 77 theme tissue 125:130 arg1 Degeneration 94:105 Degeneration 94:105 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue 94:130 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 8 78 theme helical 1451:1457 arg1 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 78 theme helical 1451:1457 arg1 structure 1459:1467 the triple helical structure 1440:1467 the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift 1440:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 79 from information 581:591 arg1 bonds 639:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 596:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 10 80 theme observed 1870:1877 arg1 changes 1879:1885 the observed changes 1866:1885 the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans 1866:1923 Results were compared with a collagen-chondroitin sulphate mixture model, confirming the observed changes in collagen fibrils and proteoglycans. 30229247 8 81 theme multi-tiered 1320:1331 arg1 analysis 1338:1345 this multi-tiered data analysis 1315:1345 this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band 1315:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 0 82 theme reflection 69:78 arg1 spectroscopy 80:91 total reflection spectroscopy 63:91 total reflection spectroscopy 63:91 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. 30229247 11 83 theme versatile 1998:2006 arg1 tool 2008:2011 a versatile tool 1996:2011 a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail 1996:2096 In summary, this study confirms the utility of IR-ATR spectroscopy as a versatile tool providing access to meniscal tissue degeneration processes at molecular level detail, and may in future evolve into a useful diagnostic instrument for analyzing cartilage degeneration. 30229247 1 84 theme normal 154:159 arg1 functions 166:174 normal knee functions 154:174 normal knee functions 154:174 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 8 85 theme collagen 1481:1488 arg1 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 indicative 1561:1570 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 85 theme collagen 1481:1488 arg1 structure 1459:1467 the triple helical structure 1440:1467 the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift 1440:1504 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 85 theme collagen 1481:1488 arg1 changes 1520:1526 peak area changes 1510:1526 peak area changes during meniscus degeneration 1510:1555 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 6 86 theme fitted 1164:1169 arg1 sub-peaks 1171:1179 the fitted sub-peaks 1160:1179 the fitted sub-peaks 1160:1179 In addition, Gaussian peak fitting revealed significant area variance of the fitted sub-peaks. 30229247 4 87 theme different 708:716 arg1 grades 718:723 different grades 708:723 different grades of degeneration 708:739 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 7 88 theme correlation 1185:1195 arg1 spectra 1197:1203 2D correlation spectra 1182:1203 2D correlation spectra 1182:1203 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 1 89 theme functions 166:174 arg1 impairment 140:149 impairment 140:149 impairment of normal knee functions 140:174 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 5 90 theme IR 1075:1076 arg1 spectra 1078:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 the associated IR spectra 1060:1084 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 8 91 theme peak 1510:1513 arg1 changes 1520:1526 peak area changes 1510:1526 peak area changes during meniscus degeneration 1510:1555 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 8 92 theme data 1333:1336 arg1 analysis 1338:1345 this multi-tiered data analysis 1315:1345 this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band 1315:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 93 theme attenuated 416:425 arg1 technique 492:500 a particularly useful technique 470:500 a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 470:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 3 93 theme attenuated 416:425 arg1 spectroscopy 454:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 5 94 dep grade 934:938 arg1 i.e. 928:931 i.e. 928:931 i.e. 928:931 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 0 95 theme menisci 18:24 arg1 degeneration 26:37 human menisci degeneration 12:37 human menisci degeneration via infrared 12:50 Analysis of human menisci degeneration via infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. 30229247 1 96 theme human 110:114 arg1 tissue 125:130 human meniscal tissue 110:130 human meniscal tissue 110:130 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 30229247 8 97 theme meniscus 1535:1542 arg1 degeneration 1544:1555 meniscus degeneration 1535:1555 meniscus degeneration 1535:1555 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 9 98 dep proteoglycan 1679:1690 arg1 the 1661:1663 the 1661:1663 the 1661:1663 Furthermore, a degradation of the water-binding proteoglycan and collagen network especially for degenerated menisci with calcification was observed. 30229247 7 99 theme band 1264:1267 arg1 changes 1241:1247 detailed changes 1232:1247 detailed changes of the amide I band 1232:1267 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 8 100 theme protein 1371:1377 arg1 information 1399:1409 the protein secondary structure information 1367:1409 the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band 1367:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 101 theme useful 485:490 arg1 technique 492:500 a particularly useful technique 470:500 a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 470:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 3 101 theme useful 485:490 arg1 spectroscopy 454:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 5 102 theme I 1020:1020 arg1 cm-1 1038:1041 1700-1600 cm-1 1028:1041 1700-1600 cm-1 1028:1041 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 5 102 theme I 1020:1020 arg1 band 1022:1025 the amide I band 1010:1025 the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 1010:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 7 103 theme amide 1256:1260 arg1 band 1264:1267 the amide I band 1252:1267 the amide I band 1252:1267 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 3 104 theme reflectance 433:443 arg1 technique 492:500 a particularly useful technique 470:500 a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds 470:643 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 3 104 theme reflectance 433:443 arg1 spectroscopy 454:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy 403:465 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 8 105 theme structure 1389:1397 arg1 information 1399:1409 the protein secondary structure information 1367:1409 the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band 1367:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 106 theme biomolecular 523:534 arg1 composition 536:546 the biomolecular composition 519:546 the biomolecular composition 519:546 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 5 107 theme evident 988:994 arg1 shift 1001:1005 an evident blue shift 985:1005 an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) 985:1042 During increasing meniscal degeneration (i.e., grade 1 to 4) along with calcification at grade 4, an evident blue shift of the amide I band (1700-1600 cm-1) was observed in the associated IR spectra. 30229247 8 108 theme fibril 1584:1589 arg1 formation 1591:1599 collagen fibril formation 1575:1599 collagen fibril formation 1575:1599 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 7 109 theme detailed 1232:1239 arg1 changes 1241:1247 detailed changes 1232:1247 detailed changes of the amide I band 1232:1267 2D correlation spectra provided further access to detailed changes of the amide I band during the degeneration process. 30229247 4 110 theme present 653:659 arg1 study 661:665 the present study 649:665 the present study 649:665 In the present study, 61 lyophilized human menisci samples at different grades of degeneration were analyzed via IR-ATR spectroscopy in a label-free fashion, and the data were evaluated via Gaussian peak fitting and 2D correlation analysis. 30229247 8 111 theme amide 1422:1426 arg1 band 1430:1433 the amide I band 1418:1433 the amide I band 1418:1433 Derived from this multi-tiered data analysis taking into account the protein secondary structure information within the amide I band, and the triple helical structure of meniscal collagen, the blue shift and peak area changes during meniscus degeneration are indicative of collagen fibril formation during evolving degeneration. 30229247 3 112 theme sample 553:558 arg1 surface 560:566 a sample surface 551:566 a sample surface 551:566 However, mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance (IR-ATR) spectroscopy is a particularly useful technique that may analyze the biomolecular composition at a sample surface, and provide information on the intra- and/or inter-molecular chemical bonds. 30229247 1 113 theme osteoarthritis 235:248 arg1 etiology 202:209 a highly relevant etiology 184:209 a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis 184:248 Degeneration of human meniscal tissue induces impairment of normal knee functions, and is a highly relevant etiology of knee joint tears and osteoarthritis. 31159875 4 0 theme microbial 889:897 arg1 ecology 899:905 microbial ecology 889:905 microbial ecology 889:905 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 5 1 theme desired 1390:1396 arg1 trait 1398:1402 the desired trait 1386:1402 the desired trait 1386:1402 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 4 2 theme incubation 913:922 arg1 times 924:928 incubation times 913:928 incubation times between transfers 913:946 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 2 3 theme consequent 463:472 arg1 unknown 535:541 unknown 535:541 unknown 535:541 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 2 3 theme consequent 463:472 arg1 effect 474:479 the consequent effect 459:479 the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities 459:530 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 5 4 theme succession 1448:1457 arg1 loss 1378:1381 the loss 1374:1381 the loss of the desired trait 1374:1402 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 4 theme succession 1448:1457 arg1 consequence 1409:1419 a consequence 1407:1419 a consequence of an inevitable community succession 1407:1457 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 5 theme selecting 1280:1288 arg1 communities 1300:1310 artificially selecting microbial communities 1267:1310 artificially selecting microbial communities 1267:1310 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 2 6 theme selected 511:518 arg1 communities 520:530 artificially selected communities 498:530 artificially selected communities 498:530 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 3 7 theme continuous 683:692 arg1 optimisation 694:705 continuous optimisation 683:705 continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers 683:753 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 4 8 dep bearers 1021:1027 arg1 i.e. 1011:1014 i.e. 1011:1014 i.e. 1011:1014 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 5 9 theme microbial 1290:1298 arg1 communities 1300:1310 artificially selecting microbial communities 1267:1310 artificially selecting microbial communities 1267:1310 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 6 10 theme microbial 1493:1501 arg1 dynamics 1513:1520 microbial community dynamics 1493:1520 microbial community dynamics 1493:1520 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 4 11 from aspects 878:884 arg1 ecology 899:905 microbial ecology 889:905 microbial ecology 889:905 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 1 12 contain has 182:184 arg2 scientists 194:203 seduced scientists 186:203 seduced scientists 186:203 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 1 12 contain has 182:184 arg1 selection 106:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection 84:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process 84:180 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 3 13 theme selective 735:743 arg1 transfers 745:753 selective transfers 735:753 selective transfers 735:753 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 4 14 theme chitin 1065:1070 arg1 degradation 1072:1082 chitin degradation 1065:1082 chitin degradation 1065:1082 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 1 15 theme BACKGROUND 84:93 arg1 selection 106:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection 84:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process 84:180 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 1 16 theme seduced 186:192 arg1 scientists 194:203 seduced scientists 186:203 seduced scientists 186:203 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 2 17 theme succession 443:452 arg1 stages 423:428 distinct and rapid stages 404:428 distinct and rapid stages of community succession 404:452 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 3 18 theme incubation 710:719 arg1 times 721:725 incubation times 710:725 incubation times 710:725 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 1 19 theme Artificial 95:104 arg1 selection 106:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection 84:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process 84:180 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 6 20 theme studies 1577:1583 arg1 success 1539:1545 the success 1535:1545 the success of future community selection studies 1535:1583 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 0 21 theme microbial 14:22 arg1 dynamics 34:41 microbial community dynamics 14:41 microbial community dynamics 14:41 Understanding microbial community dynamics to improve optimal microbiome selection. 31159875 3 22 theme times 721:725 arg1 optimisation 694:705 continuous optimisation 683:705 continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers 683:753 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 6 23 theme selection 1567:1575 arg1 studies 1577:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 4 24 theme enzymes 1042:1048 arg1 drivers 1054:1060 drivers 1054:1060 drivers of chitin degradation 1054:1082 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 4 24 theme enzymes 1042:1048 arg1 bearers 1021:1027 main bearers 1016:1027 main bearers of chitinase enzymes 1016:1048 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 4 25 theme fundamental 866:876 arg1 aspects 878:884 fundamental aspects 866:884 fundamental aspects in microbial ecology 866:905 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 5 26 theme inevitable 1427:1436 arg1 succession 1448:1457 an inevitable community succession 1424:1457 an inevitable community succession 1424:1457 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 27 theme optimal 1331:1337 arg1 times 1350:1354 optimal incubation times 1331:1354 optimal incubation times 1331:1354 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 3 28 theme utmost 762:767 arg1 importance 769:778 utmost importance 762:778 utmost importance 762:778 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 5 29 theme community 1438:1446 arg1 succession 1448:1457 an inevitable community succession 1424:1457 an inevitable community succession 1424:1457 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 4 30 theme entire 832:837 arg1 process 849:855 the entire selection process 828:855 the entire selection process 828:855 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 1 31 theme microbial 119:127 arg1 communities 129:139 microbial communities 119:139 microbial communities 119:139 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 3 32 with communities 621:631 arg1 activities 657:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 2 33 theme rapid 417:421 arg1 stages 423:428 distinct and rapid stages 404:428 distinct and rapid stages of community succession 404:452 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 2 34 dep dynamic 373:379 arg1 go 393:394 go 393:394 go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession 393:452 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 1 35 theme communities 129:139 arg1 selection 106:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection 84:114 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process 84:180 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 2 36 theme distinct 404:411 arg1 stages 423:428 distinct and rapid stages 404:428 distinct and rapid stages of community succession 404:452 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 5 37 theme desired 1213:1219 arg1 process 1221:1227 a desired process 1211:1227 a desired process 1211:1227 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 3 38 theme enhanced 638:645 arg1 activities 657:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 6 39 theme comprehensive 1462:1474 arg1 understanding 1476:1488 A comprehensive understanding 1460:1488 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics 1460:1520 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 6 40 theme community 1557:1565 arg1 studies 1577:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 4 41 theme main 1016:1019 arg1 bearers 1021:1027 main bearers 1016:1027 main bearers of chitinase enzymes 1016:1048 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 3 42 theme microbial 611:619 arg1 communities 621:631 microbial communities 611:631 microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities 611:666 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 5 43 theme trait 1398:1402 arg1 loss 1378:1381 the loss 1374:1381 the loss of the desired trait 1374:1402 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 43 theme trait 1398:1402 arg1 consequence 1409:1419 a consequence 1407:1419 a consequence of an inevitable community succession 1407:1457 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 44 theme microbiomes 1188:1198 arg1 selection 1175:1183 The selection 1171:1183 The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process 1171:1227 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 0 45 theme microbiome 62:71 arg1 selection 73:81 optimal microbiome selection 54:81 optimal microbiome selection 54:81 Understanding microbial community dynamics to improve optimal microbiome selection. 31159875 2 46 dep effect 474:479 arg1 have 490:493 have 490:493 may have on artificially selected communities 486:530 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 5 47 dep CONCLUSIONS 1159:1169 arg1 used 1239:1242 used 1239:1242 used 1239:1242 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 4 48 theme selection 839:847 arg1 process 849:855 the entire selection process 828:855 the entire selection process 828:855 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 2 49 theme Microbial 340:348 arg1 communities 350:360 Microbial communities 340:360 Microbial communities 340:360 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 0 50 theme optimal 54:60 arg1 selection 73:81 optimal microbiome selection 54:81 optimal microbiome selection 54:81 Understanding microbial community dynamics to improve optimal microbiome selection. 31159875 5 51 used used 1239:1242 arg2 selection 1175:1183 The selection 1171:1183 The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process 1171:1227 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 3 52 theme case 570:573 arg1 study 575:579 a case study 568:579 a case study 568:579 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 3 52 theme case 570:573 arg1 chitin 558:563 chitin 558:563 chitin 558:563 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 5 53 theme incubation 1339:1348 arg1 times 1350:1354 optimal incubation times 1331:1354 optimal incubation times 1331:1354 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 5 54 theme communities 1300:1310 arg1 success 1256:1262 the success 1252:1262 the success of artificially selecting microbial communities 1252:1310 CONCLUSIONS The selection of microbiomes to enhance a desired process is widely used, though the success of artificially selecting microbial communities appears to require optimal incubation times in order to avoid the loss of the desired trait as a consequence of an inevitable community succession. 31159875 4 55 theme community 801:809 arg1 composition 811:821 the community composition 797:821 the community composition over the entire selection process 797:855 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 4 56 dep Gammaproteobacteria 990:1008 arg1 drivers 1054:1060 drivers 1054:1060 drivers of chitin degradation 1054:1082 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 4 56 dep Gammaproteobacteria 990:1008 arg1 bearers 1021:1027 main bearers 1016:1027 main bearers of chitinase enzymes 1016:1048 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 6 57 theme future 1550:1555 arg1 studies 1577:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 future community selection studies 1550:1583 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 4 58 dep cheating 1112:1119 arg1 organisms 1148:1156 organisms 1148:1156 organisms 1148:1156 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 3 59 theme chitinase 647:655 arg1 activities 657:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 enhanced chitinase activities 638:666 RESULTS Using chitin as a case study, we successfully selected for microbial communities with enhanced chitinase activities but found that continuous optimisation of incubation times between selective transfers was of utmost importance. 31159875 1 60 theme desired 166:172 arg1 process 174:180 a desired process 164:180 a desired process 164:180 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 4 61 theme composition 811:821 arg1 analysis 785:792 The analysis 781:792 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process 781:855 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 6 62 theme community 1503:1511 arg1 dynamics 1513:1520 microbial community dynamics 1493:1520 microbial community dynamics 1493:1520 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 6 63 theme dynamics 1513:1520 arg1 understanding 1476:1488 A comprehensive understanding 1460:1488 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics 1460:1520 A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics will improve the success of future community selection studies. 31159875 4 64 theme chitinase 1032:1040 arg1 enzymes 1042:1048 chitinase enzymes 1032:1048 chitinase enzymes 1032:1048 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 1 65 dep behind 296:301 arg1 determined 328:337 determined 328:337 determined 328:337 BACKGROUND Artificial selection of microbial communities that perform better at a desired process has seduced scientists for over a decade, but the method has not been systematically optimised nor the mechanisms behind its success, or failure, determined. 31159875 0 66 theme community 24:32 arg1 dynamics 34:41 microbial community dynamics 14:41 microbial community dynamics 14:41 Understanding microbial community dynamics to improve optimal microbiome selection. 31159875 2 67 theme community 433:441 arg1 succession 443:452 community succession 433:452 community succession 433:452 Microbial communities are highly dynamic and, hence, go through distinct and rapid stages of community succession, but the consequent effect this may have on artificially selected communities is unknown. 31159875 4 68 theme degradation 1072:1082 arg1 drivers 1054:1060 drivers 1054:1060 drivers of chitin degradation 1054:1082 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 31159875 4 68 theme degradation 1072:1082 arg1 bearers 1021:1027 main bearers 1016:1027 main bearers of chitinase enzymes 1016:1048 The analysis of the community composition over the entire selection process revealed fundamental aspects in microbial ecology: when incubation times between transfers were optimal, the system was dominated by Gammaproteobacteria (i.e. main bearers of chitinase enzymes and drivers of chitin degradation), before being succeeded by cheating, cross-feeding and grazing organisms. 30138539 4 0 theme extracorporeal 676:689 arg1 part 571:574 The part 567:574 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session 567:651 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 4 0 theme extracorporeal 676:689 arg1 proteome 691:698 the extracorporeal proteome 672:698 the extracorporeal proteome 672:698 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 9 1 attach removed 1501:1507 arg1 blood 1518:1522 the blood 1514:1522 the blood 1514:1522 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 9 1 attach removed 1501:1507 arg2 proteins 1488:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 9 2 theme " 1486:1486 arg1 proteins 1488:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 9 3 theme unexploited 1437:1447 arg1 opportunity 1461:1471 a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity 1431:1471 a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity 1431:1471 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 7 4 theme HD 1052:1053 arg1 patients 1055:1062 four HD patients 1047:1062 four HD patients 1047:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 3 5 theme inert 508:512 arg1 tubes 525:529 biologically inert filtration tubes 495:529 biologically inert filtration tubes 495:529 Although hemodialysis membranes would ideally be biologically inert filtration tubes, they are known to adsorb proteins. 30138539 9 6 theme protein 1401:1407 arg1 removal 1409:1415 selective protein removal 1391:1415 selective protein removal 1391:1415 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 8 7 theme dialysis 1358:1365 arg1 techniques 1367:1376 dialysis techniques 1358:1376 dialysis techniques 1358:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 7 8 dep 2018 890:893 arg1 e1700140 896:903 e1700140 896:903 e1700140 896:903 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 7 9 theme hemodialyzer 934:945 arg1 materials 956:964 two hemodialyzer membrane materials 930:964 two hemodialyzer membrane materials 930:964 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 2 10 dep amount 327:332 arg1 the 323:325 the 323:325 the 323:325 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 4 11 theme plasma 742:747 arg1 proteome 749:756 the plasma proteome 738:756 the plasma proteome 738:756 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 8 12 theme absolute 1300:1307 arg1 changes 1309:1315 absolute changes 1300:1315 absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques 1300:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 2 13 theme therapy 437:443 arg1 biocompatibility 413:428 the biocompatibility 409:428 the biocompatibility of the therapy 409:443 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 9 14 theme selective 1391:1399 arg1 removal 1409:1415 selective protein removal 1391:1415 selective protein removal 1391:1415 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 7 15 from analysis 993:1000 arg1 patients 1055:1062 four HD patients 1047:1062 four HD patients 1047:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 1 16 theme uremic 182:187 arg1 patient 189:195 the uremic patient 178:195 the uremic patient 178:195 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 0 17 theme Extracorporeal 4:17 arg1 Significance 32:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance 0:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy 0:96 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 8 18 theme attractive 1094:1103 arg1 tool 1105:1108 an attractive tool 1091:1108 an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level 1091:1160 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 8 18 theme attractive 1094:1103 arg1 analysis 1079:1086 pathway analysis 1071:1086 pathway analysis 1071:1086 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 8 19 theme such 1215:1218 arg1 tools 1220:1224 such tools 1215:1224 such tools for special proteomes 1215:1246 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 4 20 theme activation 815:824 arg1 states 826:831 activation states 815:831 activation states 815:831 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 5 21 dep et al 859:863 arg1 study 846:850 a recent study 837:850 a recent study 837:850 In a recent study, Ronci et al. (Proteomics Clin. 30138539 5 21 dep et al 859:863 arg1 Clin 878:881 Clin 878:881 Clin 878:881 In a recent study, Ronci et al. (Proteomics Clin. 30138539 2 22 theme proteins 353:360 arg1 determinants 393:404 important determinants 383:404 important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy 383:443 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 22 theme proteins 353:360 arg1 proteins 353:360 proteins 353:360 proteins that are removed 353:377 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 22 theme proteins 353:360 arg1 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 22 theme proteins 353:360 arg1 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 23 theme biocompatibility 413:428 arg1 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 23 theme biocompatibility 413:428 arg1 proteins 353:360 proteins 353:360 proteins that are removed 353:377 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 23 theme biocompatibility 413:428 arg1 determinants 393:404 important determinants 383:404 important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy 383:443 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 23 theme biocompatibility 413:428 arg1 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 7 24 theme ultrafiltrates 1027:1040 arg1 analysis 993:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis 969:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients 969:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 2 25 theme peritoneal 297:306 arg1 PD 318:319 PD 318:319 PD 318:319 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 25 theme peritoneal 297:306 arg1 dialysis 308:315 peritoneal dialysis 297:315 peritoneal dialysis (PD) 297:320 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 9 26 theme therapeutic 1449:1459 arg1 opportunity 1461:1471 a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity 1431:1471 a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity 1431:1471 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 0 27 theme Proteome-The 19:30 arg1 Significance 32:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance 0:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy 0:96 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 7 28 from patients 1055:1062 arg1 ultrafiltrates 1027:1040 ultrafiltrates 1027:1040 ultrafiltrates 1027:1040 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 7 28 from patients 1055:1062 arg1 analysis 993:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis 969:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients 969:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 7 28 from patients 1055:1062 arg1 proteins 1014:1021 adsorbed proteins 1005:1021 adsorbed proteins 1005:1021 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 8 29 theme biological 1333:1342 arg1 importance 1344:1353 their biological importance 1327:1353 their biological importance in dialysis techniques 1327:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 1 30 theme replacement 117:127 arg1 therapy 129:135 renal replacement therapy 111:135 renal replacement therapy 111:135 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 3 31 theme hemodialysis 455:466 arg1 membranes 468:476 hemodialysis membranes 455:476 hemodialysis membranes 455:476 Although hemodialysis membranes would ideally be biologically inert filtration tubes, they are known to adsorb proteins. 30138539 0 32 theme Selective 48:56 arg1 Removal 66:72 Selective Protein Removal 48:72 Selective Protein Removal 48:72 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 4 33 with balance 725:731 arg1 proteome 749:756 the plasma proteome 738:756 the plasma proteome 738:756 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 7 34 theme proteins 1014:1021 arg1 analysis 993:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis 969:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients 969:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 4 35 dep proteins 784:791 arg1 roles 805:809 ' biological roles 792:809 ' biological roles 792:809 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 5 36 theme recent 839:844 arg1 study 846:850 a recent study 837:850 a recent study 837:850 In a recent study, Ronci et al. (Proteomics Clin. 30138539 2 37 theme important 383:391 arg1 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 composition 338:348 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 37 theme important 383:391 arg1 proteins 353:360 proteins 353:360 proteins that are removed 353:377 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 37 theme important 383:391 arg1 determinants 393:404 important determinants 383:404 important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy 383:443 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 2 37 theme important 383:391 arg1 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 amount 327:332 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 4 38 theme individual 773:782 arg1 proteins 784:791 the individual proteins 769:791 the individual proteins 769:791 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 8 39 theme abstract 1147:1154 arg1 level 1156:1160 an abstract level 1144:1160 an abstract level 1144:1160 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 0 40 theme Removal 66:72 arg1 Significance 32:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance 0:43 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy 0:96 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 8 41 theme different 1121:1129 arg1 proteomes 1131:1139 different proteomes 1121:1139 different proteomes 1121:1139 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 8 42 theme pathway 1071:1077 arg1 tool 1105:1108 an attractive tool 1091:1108 an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level 1091:1160 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 8 42 theme pathway 1071:1077 arg1 analysis 1079:1086 pathway analysis 1071:1086 pathway analysis 1071:1086 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 4 43 theme biological 794:803 arg1 roles 805:809 ' biological roles 792:809 ' biological roles 792:809 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 8 44 from importance 1344:1353 arg1 techniques 1367:1376 dialysis techniques 1358:1376 dialysis techniques 1358:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 0 45 theme Protein 58:64 arg1 Removal 66:72 Selective Protein Removal 48:72 Selective Protein Removal 48:72 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 7 46 theme adsorbed 1005:1012 arg1 proteins 1014:1021 adsorbed proteins 1005:1021 adsorbed proteins 1005:1021 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 9 47 theme right 1481:1485 arg1 proteins 1488:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 the "right" proteins 1476:1495 In summary, selective protein removal may represent a yet unexploited therapeutic opportunity if the "right" proteins are removed from the blood. 30138539 7 48 theme proteomic 983:991 arg1 analysis 993:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis 969:1000 shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients 969:1062 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 1 49 theme excess 142:147 arg1 water 149:153 excess water 142:153 excess water 142:153 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 1 50 theme renal 111:115 arg1 therapy 129:135 renal replacement therapy 111:135 renal replacement therapy 111:135 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 4 51 theme proteome 590:597 arg1 part 571:574 The part 567:574 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session 567:651 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 4 51 theme proteome 590:597 arg1 proteome 691:698 the extracorporeal proteome 672:698 the extracorporeal proteome 672:698 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 8 52 theme changes 1283:1289 arg1 interpretation 1256:1269 the interpretation 1252:1269 the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques 1252:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 8 52 theme changes 1283:1289 arg1 adaptation 1200:1209 the adaptation 1196:1209 the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes 1196:1246 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 1 53 from patient 189:195 arg1 water 149:153 excess water 142:153 excess water 142:153 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 1 53 from patient 189:195 arg1 solutes 165:171 waste solutes 159:171 waste solutes 159:171 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30138539 8 54 theme relative 1274:1281 arg1 changes 1283:1289 relative changes 1274:1289 relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques 1274:1376 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 4 55 theme plasma 583:588 arg1 proteome 590:597 the plasma proteome 579:597 the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session 579:651 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 0 56 theme Dialysis 81:88 arg1 Therapy 90:96 Dialysis Therapy 81:96 Dialysis Therapy 81:96 The Extracorporeal Proteome-The Significance of Selective Protein Removal During Dialysis Therapy. 30138539 8 57 theme special 1230:1236 arg1 proteomes 1238:1246 special proteomes 1230:1246 special proteomes 1230:1246 While pathway analysis is an attractive tool to compare different proteomes on an abstract level, some challenges remain regarding the adaptation for such tools for special proteomes and the interpretation of relative changes compared absolute changes regarding their biological importance in dialysis techniques. 30138539 2 58 theme dialysis 257:264 arg1 modality 266:273 the dialysis modality 253:273 the dialysis modality 253:273 Irrespective of the dialysis modality, hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), the amount and composition of proteins that are removed are important determinants of the biocompatibility of the therapy. 30138539 7 59 theme membrane 947:954 arg1 materials 956:964 two hemodialyzer membrane materials 930:964 two hemodialyzer membrane materials 930:964 2018, e1700140) comprehensively compare two hemodialyzer membrane materials by shotgun LC-MS proteomic analysis of adsorbed proteins and ultrafiltrates from four HD patients. 30138539 3 60 theme filtration 514:523 arg1 tubes 525:529 biologically inert filtration tubes 495:529 biologically inert filtration tubes 495:529 Although hemodialysis membranes would ideally be biologically inert filtration tubes, they are known to adsorb proteins. 30138539 4 61 theme dialysis 636:643 arg1 session 645:651 every dialysis session 630:651 every dialysis session 630:651 The part of the plasma proteome that is thereby removed during every dialysis session may be regarded as the extracorporeal proteome, which has to be kept in balance with the plasma proteome, regarding the individual proteins' biological roles and activation states. 30138539 1 62 theme waste 159:163 arg1 solutes 165:171 waste solutes 159:171 waste solutes 159:171 Dialysis as renal replacement therapy aims excess water and waste solutes from the uremic patient while retaining proteins in the plasma. 30817967 5 0 theme scaffolds 784:792 arg1 cytocompatibility 749:765 In vitro cytocompatibility 740:765 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 740:792 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 1 1 theme tissue 362:367 arg1 engineering 369:379 tissue engineering 362:379 tissue engineering 362:379 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 7 2 theme PBS 1037:1039 arg1 uptake 1041:1046 PBS uptake 1037:1046 PBS uptake 1037:1046 Extent of crosslinking was analyzed by convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake. 30817967 4 3 theme histological 717:728 arg1 analysis 730:737 histological analysis 717:737 histological analysis 717:737 The fluorescence signal evolution, due to the bioresorption, corroborated with histological analysis. 30817967 7 4 theme crosslinking 920:931 arg1 Extent 910:915 Extent 910:915 Extent of crosslinking 910:931 Extent of crosslinking was analyzed by convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake. 30817967 9 5 theme composition 1456:1466 arg1 ratio 1468:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 6 from preparation 1322:1332 arg1 impact 1267:1272 the impact 1263:1272 the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1263:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 7 dep preparation 1322:1332 arg1 sterilization 1359:1371 sterilization 1359:1371 sterilization by β-irradiation 1359:1388 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 7 dep preparation 1322:1332 arg1 neutralization 1340:1353 neutralization 1340:1353 neutralization 1340:1353 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 7 dep preparation 1322:1332 arg1 DHT 1335:1337 DHT 1335:1337 DHT 1335:1337 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 7 8 theme Infrared 1011:1018 arg1 Spectroscopy 1020:1031 Infrared Spectroscopy 1011:1031 Infrared Spectroscopy 1011:1031 Extent of crosslinking was analyzed by convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake. 30817967 2 9 theme Cy7 382:384 arg1 fluorochromes 396:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes 382:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes 382:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes were covalently grafted to collagen and chitosan, respectively. 30817967 9 10 theme ratio 1468:1472 arg1 impact 1438:1443 low impact 1434:1443 low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio 1434:1472 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 3 11 dep in 588:589 arg1 vivo 591:594 vivo 591:594 vivo 591:594 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 8 12 theme strong 1104:1109 arg1 interactions 1111:1122 strong interactions 1104:1122 strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT 1104:1202 The variations observed with these techniques indicate strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT. 30817967 0 13 dep Processing 51:60 arg1 monitoring 89:98 monitoring 89:98 monitoring 89:98 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 0 13 dep Processing 51:60 arg1 evaluation 74:83 evaluation 74:83 evaluation 74:83 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 0 14 theme degradation 103:113 arg1 monitoring 89:98 monitoring 89:98 monitoring 89:98 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 0 14 theme degradation 103:113 arg1 evaluation 74:83 evaluation 74:83 evaluation 74:83 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 1 15 dep scaffolds 168:176 arg1 characterized 328:340 characterized 328:340 characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering 328:379 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 1 15 dep scaffolds 168:176 arg1 prepared 233:240 prepared 233:240 prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) 233:322 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 1 16 theme dehydrothermal 293:306 arg1 DHT 319:321 DHT 319:321 DHT 319:321 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 1 16 theme dehydrothermal 293:306 arg1 treatment 308:316 dehydrothermal treatment 293:316 dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) 293:322 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 5 17 theme Coll 770:773 arg1 scaffolds 784:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 0 18 link Self-crosslinked 0:15 arg1 blends 43:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends 0:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 0:141 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 1 19 theme Chitosan 202:209 arg1 ratios 221:226 Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios 202:226 Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios 202:226 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 1 19 theme Chitosan 202:209 arg1 biomaterials 345:356 biomaterials 345:356 biomaterials for tissue engineering 345:379 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 0 20 theme bi-fluorescence 118:132 arg1 imaging 134:140 bi-fluorescence imaging 118:140 bi-fluorescence imaging 118:140 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 1 21 with scaffolds 168:176 arg1 Collagen 193:200 different Collagen 183:200 different Collagen 183:200 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 4 22 theme due 673:675 arg1 evolution 662:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution, due to the bioresorption, corroborated with histological analysis. 30817967 0 23 theme fibrous 17:23 arg1 blends 43:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends 0:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 0:141 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 3 24 theme fluorochromes 543:555 arg1 imaging 524:530 optical fluorescence imaging 503:530 optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes 503:555 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 5 25 dep In 740:741 arg1 vitro 743:747 vitro 743:747 vitro 743:747 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 0 26 theme Self-crosslinked 0:15 arg1 blends 43:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends 0:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 0:141 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 9 27 theme steps 1302:1306 arg1 impact 1267:1272 the impact 1263:1272 the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1263:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 28 theme different 1281:1289 arg1 steps 1302:1306 the different processing steps 1277:1306 the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1277:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 4 29 theme signal 655:660 arg1 evolution 662:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution, due to the bioresorption, corroborated with histological analysis. 30817967 0 30 theme collagen/chitosan 25:41 arg1 blends 43:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends 0:48 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 0:141 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 9 31 theme robust 1404:1409 arg1 scheme 1422:1427 a robust processing scheme 1402:1427 a robust processing scheme 1402:1427 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 9 32 theme processing 1291:1300 arg1 steps 1302:1306 the different processing steps 1277:1306 the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1277:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 3 33 theme in 588:589 arg1 biodegradation 596:609 their in vivo biodegradation 582:609 their in vivo biodegradation 582:609 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 4 34 theme fluorescence 642:653 arg1 evolution 662:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution 638:670 The fluorescence signal evolution, due to the bioresorption, corroborated with histological analysis. 30817967 9 35 theme processing 1411:1420 arg1 scheme 1422:1427 a robust processing scheme 1402:1427 a robust processing scheme 1402:1427 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 5 36 theme In 740:741 arg1 cytocompatibility 749:765 In vitro cytocompatibility 740:765 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 740:792 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 6 37 theme porous 892:897 arg1 structure 899:907 a highly interconnected porous structure 868:907 a highly interconnected porous structure 868:907 In addition, the scaffolds showed a highly interconnected porous structure. 30817967 1 38 dep Coll 212:215 arg1 Ch 217:218 Ch 217:218 Coll:Ch 212:218 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 8 39 theme covalent 1155:1162 arg1 bonds 1177:1181 covalent and hydrogen bonds 1155:1181 bonds 1177:1181 The variations observed with these techniques indicate strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT. 30817967 8 39 theme covalent 1155:1162 arg1 collagen 1132:1139 collagen 1132:1139 collagen 1132:1139 The variations observed with these techniques indicate strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT. 30817967 6 40 theme interconnected 877:890 arg1 structure 899:907 a highly interconnected porous structure 868:907 a highly interconnected porous structure 868:907 In addition, the scaffolds showed a highly interconnected porous structure. 30817967 3 41 theme blend 617:621 arg1 form 632:635 a blend scaffold form 615:635 a blend scaffold form 615:635 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 9 42 from steps 1302:1306 arg1 preparation 1322:1332 the sample preparation 1311:1332 the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1311:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 5 43 theme standardized 814:825 arg1 tests 827:831 standardized tests 814:831 standardized tests 814:831 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 1 44 dep Chitosan 202:209 arg1 Coll 212:215 Coll 212:215 Coll:Ch 212:218 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 3 45 theme fluorescence 511:522 arg1 imaging 524:530 optical fluorescence imaging 503:530 optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes 503:555 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 9 46 theme low 1434:1436 arg1 impact 1438:1443 low impact 1434:1443 low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio 1434:1472 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 8 47 theme hydrogen 1168:1175 arg1 bonds 1177:1181 covalent and hydrogen bonds 1155:1181 bonds 1177:1181 The variations observed with these techniques indicate strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT. 30817967 8 47 theme hydrogen 1168:1175 arg1 collagen 1132:1139 collagen 1132:1139 collagen 1132:1139 The variations observed with these techniques indicate strong interactions between collagen and chitosan (covalent and hydrogen bonds) promoted by the DHT. 30817967 9 48 theme sample 1315:1320 arg1 preparation 1322:1332 the sample preparation 1311:1332 the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1311:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 1 49 theme Porous 143:148 arg1 scaffolds 168:176 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds 143:176 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 143:380 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 7 50 dep Fourier 993:999 arg1 Transform 1001:1009 Transform 1001:1009 Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake 1001:1046 Extent of crosslinking was analyzed by convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake. 30817967 0 51 dep blends 43:48 arg1 Processing 51:60 Processing 51:60 Processing 51:60 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 0 51 dep blends 43:48 arg1 properties 63:72 properties 63:72 properties 63:72 Self-crosslinked fibrous collagen/chitosan blends: Processing, properties evaluation and monitoring of degradation by bi-fluorescence imaging. 30817967 1 52 theme collagen/chitosan 150:166 arg1 scaffolds 168:176 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds 143:176 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 143:380 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 7 53 theme convergent 949:958 arg1 analysis 960:967 convergent analysis 949:967 convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake 949:1046 Extent of crosslinking was analyzed by convergent analysis using thermogravimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and PBS uptake. 30817967 9 54 from impact 1267:1272 arg1 preparation 1322:1332 the sample preparation 1311:1332 the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) 1311:1389 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 1 55 theme different 183:191 arg1 Collagen 193:200 different Collagen 183:200 different Collagen 183:200 Porous collagen/chitosan scaffolds with different Collagen:Chitosan (Coll:Ch) ratios were prepared by freeze-drying followed by self-crosslinking via dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and characterized as biomaterials for tissue engineering. 30817967 9 56 theme Coll 1448:1451 arg1 ratio 1468:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 5 57 theme Ch 775:776 arg1 scaffolds 784:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 3 58 theme scaffold 623:630 arg1 form 632:635 a blend scaffold form 615:635 a blend scaffold form 615:635 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 9 59 theme mechanical 1209:1218 arg1 properties 1220:1229 The mechanical properties 1205:1229 The mechanical properties 1205:1229 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 30817967 3 60 theme optical 503:509 arg1 imaging 524:530 optical fluorescence imaging 503:530 optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes 503:555 Thus, it was possible, using optical fluorescence imaging of the two fluorochromes, to simultaneously track their in vivo biodegradation, in a blend scaffold form. 30817967 5 61 theme blend 778:782 arg1 scaffolds 784:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 Coll:Ch blend scaffolds 770:792 In vitro cytocompatibility of Coll:Ch blend scaffolds were evaluated with standardized tests. 30817967 2 62 theme Cy5.5 390:394 arg1 fluorochromes 396:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes 382:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes 382:408 Cy7 and Cy5.5 fluorochromes were covalently grafted to collagen and chitosan, respectively. 30817967 9 63 theme Ch 1453:1454 arg1 ratio 1468:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 Coll:Ch composition ratio 1448:1472 The mechanical properties were characterized to elucidate the impact of the different processing steps in the sample preparation (DHT, neutralization and sterilization by β-irradiation) and showed a robust processing scheme with low impact of Coll:Ch composition ratio. 29359246 9 0 theme acceptable 1410:1419 arg1 hardness 1428:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 7 1 theme specific 976:983 arg1 area 993:996 the specific surface area 972:996 the specific surface area of Neusilin® 972:1009 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 9 2 theme tablet 1421:1426 arg1 hardness 1428:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 10 3 theme microparticles 1547:1560 arg1 preparation 1514:1524 the preparation 1510:1524 the preparation of sustained-release microparticles 1510:1560 Herein, the feasibility of melt-adsorption for the preparation of sustained-release microparticles was well demonstrated. 29359246 7 4 theme microparticles 1160:1173 arg1 size 1148:1151 the size 1144:1151 the size of the microparticles 1144:1173 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 9 5 contain containing 1370:1379 arg2 microparticles 1391:1404 optimized microparticles 1381:1404 optimized microparticles 1381:1404 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 9 5 contain containing 1370:1379 arg1 tablet 1363:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet 1337:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles 1337:1404 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 8 6 theme particle 1260:1267 arg1 distribution 1274:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 29359246 6 7 theme Characteristic 847:860 arg1 behavior 873:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior 847:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior 847:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior was observed depending on the physicochemical properties of each composition. 29359246 10 8 theme sustained-release 1529:1545 arg1 microparticles 1547:1560 sustained-release microparticles 1529:1560 sustained-release microparticles 1529:1560 Herein, the feasibility of melt-adsorption for the preparation of sustained-release microparticles was well demonstrated. 29359246 0 9 theme melt-adsorption 113:127 arg1 method 129:134 melt-adsorption method 113:134 melt-adsorption method 113:134 Development of sustained-release microparticles containing tamsulosin HCl for orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method. 29359246 2 10 theme temperature 370:380 arg1 modulation 382:391 temperature modulation 370:391 temperature modulation 370:391 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 7 11 theme Surelease® 1048:1057 arg1 Surelease® 1048:1057 Surelease® 1048:1057 Surelease® 1048:1057 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 7 11 theme Surelease® 1048:1057 arg1 amounts 1037:1043 increasing amounts 1026:1043 increasing amounts 1026:1043 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 4 12 theme mechanical 698:707 arg1 strength 709:716 their high mechanical strength 687:716 their high mechanical strength 687:716 Among various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption, beeswax and glyceryl behenate were selected due to their high mechanical strength. 29359246 8 13 theme size 1269:1272 arg1 distribution 1274:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 29359246 2 14 used used 355:358 arg2 granulator 340:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 3 15 used used 565:568 arg2 Neusilin® 550:558 Neusilin® 550:558 Neusilin® 550:558 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 15 used used 565:568 arg2 aluminometasilicate 529:547 magnesium aluminometasilicate 519:547 magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) 519:559 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 15 used used 565:568 arg2 adsorbent 573:581 adsorbent 573:581 adsorbent 573:581 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 8 16 theme low 1291:1293 arg1 release 1301:1307 low burst release 1291:1307 low burst release 1291:1307 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 29359246 7 17 theme increasing 1026:1035 arg1 Surelease® 1048:1057 Surelease® 1048:1057 Surelease® 1048:1057 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 7 17 theme increasing 1026:1035 arg1 amounts 1037:1043 increasing amounts 1026:1043 increasing amounts 1026:1043 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 4 18 theme various 590:596 arg1 candidates 604:613 various lipid candidates 590:613 various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption 590:633 Among various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption, beeswax and glyceryl behenate were selected due to their high mechanical strength. 29359246 9 19 contain had 1406:1408 arg2 disintegration 1447:1460 rapid disintegration 1441:1460 rapid disintegration 1441:1460 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 9 19 contain had 1406:1408 arg2 hardness 1428:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 acceptable tablet hardness 1410:1435 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 9 19 contain had 1406:1408 arg1 tablet 1363:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet 1337:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles 1337:1404 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 1 20 theme sustained-release 199:215 arg1 microparticles 217:230 sustained-release microparticles 199:230 sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets 199:315 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 3 21 theme lipid 430:434 arg1 Surelease® 467:476 Surelease® 467:476 Surelease® 467:476 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 21 theme lipid 430:434 arg1 suspension 455:464 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension 428:464 suspension 455:464 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 1 22 theme disintegrating 294:307 arg1 tablets 309:315 orally disintegrating tablets 287:315 orally disintegrating tablets 287:315 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 7 23 theme lipid 1185:1189 arg1 adsorption 1191:1200 the lipid adsorption 1181:1200 the lipid adsorption 1181:1200 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 5 24 theme powder 744:749 arg1 diffraction 757:767 powder X-ray diffraction 744:767 powder X-ray diffraction 744:767 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 2 25 theme kneading 331:338 arg1 granulator 340:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 11 26 theme proposed 1626:1633 arg1 method 1635:1640 the proposed method 1622:1640 the proposed method 1622:1640 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 11 26 theme proposed 1626:1633 arg1 difficult 1715:1723 difficult 1715:1723 difficult 1715:1723 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 11 26 theme proposed 1626:1633 arg1 alternative 1657:1667 a promising alternative 1645:1667 a promising alternative 1645:1667 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 3 27 theme drug 501:504 arg1 release 506:512 drug release 501:512 drug release 501:512 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 0 28 theme sustained-release 15:31 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of sustained-release 0:31 Development of sustained-release microparticles containing tamsulosin HCl for orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method. 29359246 11 29 theme promising 1647:1655 arg1 method 1635:1640 the proposed method 1622:1640 the proposed method 1622:1640 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 11 29 theme promising 1647:1655 arg1 difficult 1715:1723 difficult 1715:1723 difficult 1715:1723 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 11 29 theme promising 1647:1655 arg1 alternative 1657:1667 a promising alternative 1645:1667 a promising alternative 1645:1667 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 5 30 theme X-ray 751:755 arg1 diffraction 757:767 powder X-ray diffraction 744:767 powder X-ray diffraction 744:767 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 2 31 theme high-speed 320:329 arg1 granulator 340:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator 318:349 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 0 32 theme tamsulosin 59:68 arg1 HCl 70:72 tamsulosin HCl 59:72 tamsulosin HCl for orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method 59:134 Development of sustained-release microparticles containing tamsulosin HCl for orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method. 29359246 4 33 theme lipid 598:602 arg1 candidates 604:613 various lipid candidates 590:613 various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption 590:633 Among various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption, beeswax and glyceryl behenate were selected due to their high mechanical strength. 29359246 5 34 theme diffraction 757:767 arg1 results 778:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 6 35 theme composition 947:957 arg1 properties 928:937 the physicochemical properties 908:937 the physicochemical properties of each composition 908:957 Characteristic adsorption behavior was observed depending on the physicochemical properties of each composition. 29359246 1 36 theme potent 247:252 arg1 HCl 271:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 1 36 theme potent 247:252 arg1 drug 254:257 the potent drug 243:257 the potent drug 243:257 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 5 37 theme tamsulosin 815:824 arg1 HCl 826:828 tamsulosin HCl 815:828 tamsulosin HCl 815:828 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 5 38 theme analysis 769:776 arg1 results 778:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 6 39 theme each 942:945 arg1 composition 947:957 each composition 942:957 each composition 942:957 Characteristic adsorption behavior was observed depending on the physicochemical properties of each composition. 29359246 5 40 theme Hot 719:721 arg1 microscopy 729:738 Hot stage microscopy 719:738 Hot stage microscopy 719:738 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 9 41 theme disintegrating 1348:1361 arg1 tablet 1363:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet 1337:1368 the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles 1337:1404 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 3 42 theme magnesium 519:527 arg1 adsorbent 573:581 adsorbent 573:581 adsorbent 573:581 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 42 theme magnesium 519:527 arg1 Neusilin® 550:558 Neusilin® 550:558 Neusilin® 550:558 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 42 theme magnesium 519:527 arg1 aluminometasilicate 529:547 magnesium aluminometasilicate 519:547 magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) 519:559 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 43 theme ethylcellulose 440:453 arg1 Surelease® 467:476 Surelease® 467:476 Surelease® 467:476 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 3 43 theme ethylcellulose 440:453 arg1 suspension 455:464 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension 428:464 suspension 455:464 A lipid and ethylcellulose suspension (Surelease®) was applied to retard drug release, and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin®) was used as adsorbent. 29359246 5 44 theme stage 723:727 arg1 microscopy 729:738 Hot stage microscopy 719:738 Hot stage microscopy 719:738 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 6 45 theme physicochemical 912:926 arg1 properties 928:937 the physicochemical properties 908:937 the physicochemical properties of each composition 908:957 Characteristic adsorption behavior was observed depending on the physicochemical properties of each composition. 29359246 5 46 theme microscopy 729:738 arg1 results 778:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results 719:784 Hot stage microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis results showed compatibility between tamsulosin HCl and both lipids. 29359246 6 47 theme adsorption 862:871 arg1 behavior 873:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior 847:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior 847:880 Characteristic adsorption behavior was observed depending on the physicochemical properties of each composition. 29359246 7 48 theme Surelease® 1102:1111 arg1 effect 1092:1097 the pore-covering effect 1074:1097 the pore-covering effect of Surelease® 1074:1111 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 9 49 theme rapid 1441:1445 arg1 disintegration 1447:1460 rapid disintegration 1441:1460 rapid disintegration 1441:1460 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 7 50 theme Neusilin® 1001:1009 arg1 area 993:996 the specific surface area 972:996 the specific surface area of Neusilin® 972:1009 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 4 51 theme glyceryl 648:655 arg1 behenate 657:664 glyceryl behenate 648:664 glyceryl behenate 648:664 Among various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption, beeswax and glyceryl behenate were selected due to their high mechanical strength. 29359246 8 52 theme Surelease®-to-beeswax 1209:1229 arg1 ratio 1231:1235 a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50 1207:1240 a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50 1207:1240 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 29359246 9 53 theme optimized 1381:1389 arg1 microparticles 1391:1404 optimized microparticles 1381:1404 optimized microparticles 1381:1404 Furthermore, the orally disintegrating tablet containing optimized microparticles had acceptable tablet hardness and rapid disintegration. 29359246 7 54 theme pore-covering 1078:1090 arg1 effect 1092:1097 the pore-covering effect 1074:1097 the pore-covering effect of Surelease® 1074:1111 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 1 55 theme melt-adsorption 162:176 arg1 method 178:183 the melt-adsorption method 158:183 the melt-adsorption method 158:183 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 7 56 theme surface 985:991 arg1 area 993:996 the specific surface area 972:996 the specific surface area of Neusilin® 972:1009 Especially, the specific surface area of Neusilin® decreased with increasing amounts of Surelease®, attributed to the pore-covering effect of Surelease®, which significantly increased the size of the microparticles after the lipid adsorption. 29359246 1 57 theme tamsulosin 260:269 arg1 HCl 271:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 1 57 theme tamsulosin 260:269 arg1 drug 254:257 the potent drug 243:257 the potent drug 243:257 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 0 58 theme disintegrating 85:98 arg1 tablet 100:105 orally disintegrating tablet 78:105 orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method 78:134 Development of sustained-release microparticles containing tamsulosin HCl for orally disintegrating tablet using melt-adsorption method. 29359246 1 59 contain containing 232:241 arg2 drug 254:257 the potent drug 243:257 the potent drug 243:257 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 1 59 contain containing 232:241 arg1 microparticles 217:230 sustained-release microparticles 199:230 sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets 199:315 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 1 59 contain containing 232:241 arg2 HCl 271:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 tamsulosin HCl 260:273 In this study, using the melt-adsorption method, we developed sustained-release microparticles containing the potent drug, tamsulosin HCl, for use as orally disintegrating tablets. 29359246 2 60 theme material 405:412 arg1 distribution 414:425 uniform material distribution 397:425 uniform material distribution 397:425 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 4 61 theme high 693:696 arg1 strength 709:716 their high mechanical strength 687:716 their high mechanical strength 687:716 Among various lipid candidates for melt-adsorption, beeswax and glyceryl behenate were selected due to their high mechanical strength. 29359246 11 62 with alternative 1657:1667 arg1 convenience 1594:1604 convenience 1594:1604 convenience 1594:1604 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 11 62 with alternative 1657:1667 arg1 efficiency 1610:1619 efficiency 1610:1619 efficiency 1610:1619 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 8 63 theme burst 1295:1299 arg1 release 1301:1307 low burst release 1291:1307 low burst release 1291:1307 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 29359246 10 64 theme melt-adsorption 1490:1504 arg1 feasibility 1475:1485 the feasibility 1471:1485 the feasibility of melt-adsorption for the preparation of sustained-release microparticles 1471:1560 Herein, the feasibility of melt-adsorption for the preparation of sustained-release microparticles was well demonstrated. 29359246 2 65 theme uniform 397:403 arg1 distribution 414:425 uniform material distribution 397:425 uniform material distribution 397:425 A high-speed kneading granulator was used, enabling temperature modulation and uniform material distribution. 29359246 11 66 theme conventional 1672:1683 arg1 methods 1685:1691 conventional methods 1672:1691 conventional methods 1672:1691 With its convenience and efficiency, the proposed method is a promising alternative to conventional methods, which are relatively difficult and time consuming. 29359246 8 67 theme desired 1252:1258 arg1 distribution 1274:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 the desired particle size distribution 1248:1285 For a Surelease®-to-beeswax ratio 1:50, both the desired particle size distribution and low burst release were achieved. 30813781 3 0 theme work 290:293 arg1 aim 271:273 the aim 267:273 the aim of the present work 267:293 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 7 1 theme significant 919:929 arg1 decrease 931:938 a significant decrease 917:938 a significant decrease 917:938 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 10 2 theme effective 1200:1208 arg1 crystallization 1174:1188 crystallization 1174:1188 crystallization 1174:1188 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 10 2 theme effective 1200:1208 arg1 method 1210:1215 an effective method 1197:1215 an effective method for pansies preservation 1197:1240 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 4 3 theme crystallized 518:529 arg1 pansies 531:537 fresh and crystallized pansies 508:537 fresh and crystallized pansies 508:537 Comparing fresh and crystallized pansies, significant differences were detected. 30813781 5 4 theme storage 596:602 arg1 days 588:591 90 days 585:591 90 days of storage 585:602 After 90 days of storage, crystallized pansies kept similar appearance to those immediately after treatment. 30813781 9 5 theme storage 1130:1136 arg1 time 1138:1141 all storage time 1126:1141 all storage time 1126:1141 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 11 6 from increase 1370:1377 arg1 content 1388:1394 sugar content 1382:1394 sugar content 1382:1394 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 11 6 from increase 1370:1377 arg1 values 1407:1412 energy values 1400:1412 energy values 1400:1412 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 11 7 theme high 1365:1368 arg1 increase 1370:1377 a high increase 1363:1377 a high increase in sugar content and energy values 1363:1412 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 7 8 theme monomeric 886:894 arg1 anthocyanins 896:907 monomeric anthocyanins 886:907 monomeric anthocyanins 886:907 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 9 9 theme all 1126:1128 arg1 time 1138:1141 all storage time 1126:1141 all storage time 1126:1141 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 3 10 theme crystallization 328:342 arg1 effect 318:323 the effect 314:323 the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 314:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 5 11 theme crystallized 605:616 arg1 pansies 618:624 crystallized pansies 605:624 crystallized pansies 605:624 After 90 days of storage, crystallized pansies kept similar appearance to those immediately after treatment. 30813781 6 12 theme protein 748:754 arg1 contents 756:763 protein contents 748:763 protein contents 748:763 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 1 13 contain have 150:153 arg1 flowers 124:130 Edible flowers 117:130 Edible flowers 117:130 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 1 13 contain have 150:153 arg1 pansies 141:147 pansies 141:147 pansies 141:147 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 1 13 contain have 150:153 arg2 shelf-life 163:172 a short shelf-life 155:172 a short shelf-life 155:172 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 1 14 theme short 157:161 arg1 shelf-life 163:172 a short shelf-life 155:172 a short shelf-life 155:172 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 6 15 theme crystallized 815:826 arg1 pansies 828:834 crystallized pansies 815:834 crystallized pansies 815:834 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 10 16 theme pansies 1221:1227 arg1 preservation 1229:1240 pansies preservation 1221:1240 pansies preservation 1221:1240 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 3 17 theme physicochemical 351:365 arg1 properties 394:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties 347:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 347:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 8 18 theme phenolic 1015:1022 arg1 compounds 1024:1032 phenolic compounds 1015:1032 phenolic compounds 1015:1032 Concerning phenolic compounds, these maintained constant along storage. 30813781 9 19 theme fresh 1158:1162 arg1 ones 1164:1167 fresh ones 1158:1167 fresh ones 1158:1167 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 11 20 theme sugar 1382:1386 arg1 content 1388:1394 sugar content 1382:1394 sugar content 1382:1394 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 0 21 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 43:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties 0:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) 0:99 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 3 22 theme pansies 408:414 arg1 properties 394:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties 347:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 347:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 9 23 theme crystallized 1098:1109 arg1 pansies 1111:1117 crystallized pansies 1098:1117 crystallized pansies 1098:1117 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 10 24 theme nutritional 1254:1264 arg1 little 1291:1296 little 1291:1296 little 1291:1296 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 10 24 theme nutritional 1254:1264 arg1 compounds 1280:1288 some nutritional and bioactive compounds 1249:1288 some nutritional and bioactive compounds 1249:1288 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 3 25 theme room 444:447 arg1 storage 461:467 room temperature storage 444:467 room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days) 444:495 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 3 25 theme room 444:447 arg1 days 491:494 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days 470:494 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days 470:494 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 0 26 theme antioxidant 17:27 arg1 properties 43:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties 0:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) 0:99 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 4 27 theme fresh 508:512 arg1 pansies 531:537 fresh and crystallized pansies 508:537 fresh and crystallized pansies 508:537 Comparing fresh and crystallized pansies, significant differences were detected. 30813781 6 28 theme storage 803:809 arg1 days 795:798 0 and 90 days 786:798 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies 786:834 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 1 29 theme Edible 117:122 arg1 flowers 124:130 Edible flowers 117:130 Edible flowers 117:130 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 1 29 theme Edible 117:122 arg1 pansies 141:147 pansies 141:147 pansies 141:147 Edible flowers, such as pansies, have a short shelf-life. 30813781 11 30 theme energy 1400:1405 arg1 values 1407:1412 energy values 1400:1412 energy values 1400:1412 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 3 31 theme temperature 449:459 arg1 storage 461:467 room temperature storage 444:467 room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days) 444:495 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 3 31 theme temperature 449:459 arg1 days 491:494 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days 470:494 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days 470:494 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 3 32 theme antioxidant 382:392 arg1 properties 394:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties 347:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 347:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 3 33 from effect 318:323 arg1 properties 394:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties 347:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 347:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 0 34 theme microbial 33:41 arg1 properties 43:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties 0:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) 0:99 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 3 35 theme microbial 368:376 arg1 properties 394:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties 347:403 the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) 347:435 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 7 36 theme hydrolysable 972:983 arg1 tannins 985:991 hydrolysable tannins 972:991 hydrolysable tannins 972:991 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 0 37 theme pansies 70:76 arg1 properties 43:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties 0:52 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) 0:99 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 0 38 dep properties 43:52 arg1 storage 108:114 storage 108:114 storage 108:114 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 6 39 theme water 714:718 arg1 activity 720:727 water activity 714:727 water activity 714:727 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 3 40 theme present 282:288 arg1 work 290:293 the present work 278:293 the present work 278:293 So, the aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of crystallization in the physicochemical, microbial and antioxidant properties of pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) during room temperature storage (7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days). 30813781 6 41 from decrease 702:709 arg1 ash 740:742 ash 740:742 ash 740:742 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 6 41 from decrease 702:709 arg1 contents 756:763 protein contents 748:763 protein contents 748:763 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 6 41 from decrease 702:709 arg1 moisture 730:737 moisture 730:737 moisture 730:737 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 6 41 from decrease 702:709 arg1 activity 720:727 water activity 714:727 water activity 714:727 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 5 42 theme similar 631:637 arg1 appearance 639:648 similar appearance 631:648 similar appearance to those 631:657 After 90 days of storage, crystallized pansies kept similar appearance to those immediately after treatment. 30813781 2 43 theme vegetables 251:260 arg1 shelf-life 226:235 the shelf-life 222:235 the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables 222:260 Crystallization is a treatment used to prolong the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables. 30813781 10 44 theme bioactive 1270:1278 arg1 little 1291:1296 little 1291:1296 little 1291:1296 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 10 44 theme bioactive 1270:1278 arg1 compounds 1280:1288 some nutritional and bioactive compounds 1249:1288 some nutritional and bioactive compounds 1249:1288 So, crystallization can be an effective method for pansies preservation, being some nutritional and bioactive compounds, little affected during storage. 30813781 9 45 theme microbial 1080:1088 arg1 load 1090:1093 The microbial load 1076:1093 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time 1076:1141 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 9 45 theme microbial 1080:1088 arg1 lower 1147:1151 lower 1147:1151 lower 1147:1151 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 7 46 theme storage 957:963 arg1 days 949:952 90 days 946:952 90 days of storage 946:963 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 6 47 theme significant 690:700 arg1 decrease 702:709 A significant decrease 688:709 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents 688:763 A significant decrease in water activity, moisture, ash and protein contents was observed between 0 and 90 days of storage for crystallized pansies. 30813781 11 48 theme fresh 1426:1430 arg1 pansies 1432:1438 fresh pansies 1426:1438 fresh pansies 1426:1438 However, crystallization contributed to a high increase in sugar content and energy values compared to fresh pansies. 30813781 4 49 theme significant 540:550 arg1 differences 552:562 significant differences 540:562 significant differences 540:562 Comparing fresh and crystallized pansies, significant differences were detected. 30813781 2 50 theme fruits 240:245 arg1 shelf-life 226:235 the shelf-life 222:235 the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables 222:260 Crystallization is a treatment used to prolong the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables. 30813781 9 51 theme pansies 1111:1117 arg1 load 1090:1093 The microbial load 1076:1093 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time 1076:1141 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 9 51 theme pansies 1111:1117 arg1 lower 1147:1151 lower 1147:1151 lower 1147:1151 The microbial load of crystallized pansies during all storage time was lower than fresh ones. 30813781 7 52 theme bioactive 842:850 arg1 flavonoids 871:880 flavonoids 871:880 flavonoids 871:880 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 7 52 theme bioactive 842:850 arg1 anthocyanins 896:907 monomeric anthocyanins 886:907 monomeric anthocyanins 886:907 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 7 52 theme bioactive 842:850 arg1 compounds 852:860 Some bioactive compounds 837:860 Some bioactive compounds 837:860 Some bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and monomeric anthocyanins, showed a significant decrease after 90 days of storage, while hydrolysable tannins increased. 30813781 0 53 theme crystallized 57:68 arg1 Viola × wittrockiana 79:98 Viola × wittrockiana 79:98 Viola × wittrockiana 79:98 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 30813781 0 53 theme crystallized 57:68 arg1 pansies 70:76 crystallized pansies 57:76 crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) 57:99 Physicochemical, antioxidant and microbial properties of crystallized pansies (Viola × wittrockiana) during storage. 31117955 14 0 theme milk 2201:2204 arg1 production 2187:2196 production 2187:2196 production of milk 2187:2204 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 4 1 theme different 827:835 arg1 OS 849:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 RESULTS In total 15 different bovine milk OS were monitored. 31117955 3 2 theme parameter 675:683 arg1 estimation 685:694 genetic parameter estimation 667:694 genetic parameter estimation 667:694 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 1 3 from gland 299:303 arg1 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 3 from gland 299:303 arg1 steps 272:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps 244:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland 244:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 12 4 theme milk 1767:1770 arg1 OS 1772:1773 milk OS 1767:1773 milk OS 1767:1773 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS were ALG3, B3GALNT2, LOC520336, PIGV, MAN1C1, ST6GALNAC6, GLT6D1, GALNT14, GALNT17, COLGALT2, LFNG and SIGLEC. 31117955 2 5 theme infant 587:592 arg1 formulas 594:601 infant formulas 587:601 infant formulas 587:601 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 1 6 theme underlying 248:257 arg1 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 6 theme underlying 248:257 arg1 steps 272:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps 244:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland 244:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 13 7 theme bovine 1982:1987 arg1 OS 1994:1995 bovine milk OS 1982:1995 bovine milk OS 1982:1995 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 1 8 from OS 281:282 arg1 gland 299:303 the mammary gland 287:303 the mammary gland 287:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 9 theme key 175:177 arg1 role 179:182 a key role 173:182 a key role 173:182 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 14 10 theme breeding 2156:2163 arg1 strategies 2165:2174 breeding strategies 2156:2174 breeding strategies 2156:2174 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 4 11 theme total 818:822 arg1 OS 849:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 RESULTS In total 15 different bovine milk OS were monitored. 31117955 13 12 theme first 1927:1931 arg1 study 1933:1937 the first study 1923:1937 the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 1923:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 13 12 theme first 1927:1931 arg1 this 1915:1918 this 1915:1918 this 1915:1918 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 13 13 theme candidate 2033:2041 arg1 genes 2043:2047 specific candidate genes 2024:2047 specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2024:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 3 14 theme study 736:740 arg1 GWAS 743:746 a genome wide association study (GWAS) 710:747 a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 710:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 1 15 from steps 272:276 arg1 gland 299:303 the mammary gland 287:303 the mammary gland 287:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 13 16 theme related 2049:2055 arg1 genes 2043:2047 specific candidate genes 2024:2047 specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2024:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 9 17 with OS 1417:1418 arg1 Hex 1439:1441 composition 2 Hex 1 1425:1443 composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) 1425:1461 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 3 18 theme wide 719:722 arg1 GWAS 743:746 a genome wide association study (GWAS) 710:747 a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 710:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 2 19 contain contains 347:354 arg2 OS 356:357 OS 356:357 OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities 356:410 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 2 19 contain contains 347:354 arg1 milk 342:345 bovine milk 335:345 bovine milk 335:345 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 13 20 theme strong 2003:2008 arg1 indication 2010:2019 a strong indication 2001:2019 a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2001:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 1 21 theme Human 135:139 arg1 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 21 theme Human 135:139 arg1 oligosaccharides 146:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides 124:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) 124:166 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 2 22 theme eventual 521:528 arg1 extraction 530:539 eventual extraction 521:539 eventual extraction 521:539 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 10 23 theme ABO 1589:1591 arg1 glycosyltransferases 1605:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 1 24 theme microbiota 201:210 arg1 development 212:222 brain and gut microbiota development 187:222 development 212:222 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 12 25 theme candidate 1724:1732 arg1 genes 1734:1738 Other candidate genes 1718:1738 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS 1718:1773 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS were ALG3, B3GALNT2, LOC520336, PIGV, MAN1C1, ST6GALNAC6, GLT6D1, GALNT14, GALNT17, COLGALT2, LFNG and SIGLEC. 31117955 2 26 theme ingredients 571:581 arg1 extraction 530:539 eventual extraction 521:539 eventual extraction 521:539 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 2 26 theme ingredients 571:581 arg1 generation 545:554 generation 545:554 generation 545:554 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 6 27 theme OS 1032:1033 arg1 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 6 27 theme OS 1032:1033 arg1 SNPs 1063:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs 1017:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey 1017:1106 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 4 28 theme milk 844:847 arg1 OS 849:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 RESULTS In total 15 different bovine milk OS were monitored. 31117955 3 29 theme milk 773:776 arg1 dataset 781:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset 754:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 754:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 3 30 theme present 627:633 arg1 study 635:639 The present study 623:639 The present study 623:639 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 3 30 theme present 627:633 arg1 first 648:652 first 648:652 first 648:652 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 14 31 theme OS 2316:2317 arg1 extraction 2290:2299 large-scale extraction 2278:2299 large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS 2278:2317 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 8 32 theme glycan 1342:1347 arg1 synthesis 1349:1357 glycan synthesis 1342:1357 glycan synthesis 1342:1357 The most significant SNPs were associated with B3GNT5, a gene encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in glycan synthesis. 31117955 3 33 theme largest 758:764 arg1 dataset 781:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset 754:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 754:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 0 34 theme candidate 65:73 arg1 transferases 49:60 specific transferases 40:60 specific transferases 40:60 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 0 34 theme candidate 65:73 arg1 loci 75:78 candidate loci 65:78 candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 65:121 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 10 35 theme group 1599:1603 arg1 glycosyltransferases 1605:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 13 36 theme breeding 1959:1966 arg1 potential 1968:1976 a solid breeding potential 1951:1976 a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS 1951:1995 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 14 37 theme bovine 2304:2309 arg1 OS 2316:2317 bovine milk OS 2304:2317 bovine milk OS 2304:2317 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 9 38 theme strong 1385:1390 arg1 QTL 1392:1394 a very strong QTL 1378:1394 a very strong QTL 1378:1394 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 2 39 theme milk 512:515 arg1 content 501:507 the OS content 494:507 the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals 494:620 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 0 40 theme milk 91:94 arg1 oligosaccharides 96:111 bovine milk oligosaccharides 84:111 bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 84:121 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 13 41 theme milk 1989:1992 arg1 OS 1994:1995 bovine milk OS 1982:1995 bovine milk OS 1982:1995 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 4 42 from RESULTS 807:813 arg1 OS 849:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 RESULTS In total 15 different bovine milk OS were monitored. 31117955 1 43 theme biosynthetic 259:270 arg1 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 43 theme biosynthetic 259:270 arg1 steps 272:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps 244:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland 244:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 7 44 from OS 1233:1234 arg1 % 1205:1205 24% 1203:1205 24% of the variation in these OS 1203:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 7 44 from OS 1233:1234 arg1 variation 1214:1222 the variation 1210:1222 the variation in these OS 1210:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 3 45 from dataset 781:787 arg1 GWAS 743:746 a genome wide association study (GWAS) 710:747 a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 710:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 8 46 theme most 1241:1244 arg1 SNPs 1258:1261 The most significant SNPs 1237:1261 The most significant SNPs 1237:1261 The most significant SNPs were associated with B3GNT5, a gene encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in glycan synthesis. 31117955 6 47 from 6913 1058:1061 arg1 Holstein 1045:1052 Holstein 1045:1052 Holstein 1045:1052 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 0 48 theme association 14:24 arg1 study 26:30 A genome-wide association study 0:30 A genome-wide association study 0:30 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 9 49 theme composition 1425:1435 arg1 Hex 1439:1441 composition 2 Hex 1 1425:1443 composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) 1425:1461 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 10 50 theme significant 1482:1492 arg1 SNP 1494:1496 The most significant SNP 1473:1496 The most significant SNP 1473:1496 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 14 51 theme OS 2249:2250 arg1 concentration 2232:2244 concentration 2232:2244 concentration 2232:2244 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 14 51 theme OS 2249:2250 arg1 diversity 2218:2226 higher diversity 2211:2226 higher diversity 2211:2226 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 13 52 theme genetic 2089:2095 arg1 influence 2097:2105 this genetic influence 2084:2105 this genetic influence 2084:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 1 53 theme mammary 291:297 arg1 gland 299:303 the mammary gland 287:303 the mammary gland 287:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 3 54 theme genetic 667:673 arg1 estimation 685:694 genetic parameter estimation 667:694 genetic parameter estimation 667:694 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 13 55 theme OS 2060:2061 arg1 synthesis 2063:2071 OS synthesis 2060:2071 OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2060:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 5 56 from 0.68 900:903 arg1 Holstein 915:922 Holstein 915:922 Holstein 915:922 Heritabilities ranged from 0 to 0.68 in Danish Holstein and from 0 to 0.92 in Danish Jersey. 31117955 2 57 with OS 356:357 arg1 structures 381:390 somewhat similar structures 364:390 somewhat similar structures 364:390 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 2 57 with OS 356:357 arg1 functionalities 396:410 functionalities 396:410 functionalities 396:410 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 7 58 from % 1205:1205 arg1 OS 1233:1234 these OS 1227:1234 these OS 1227:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 6 59 theme different 1022:1030 arg1 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 6 59 theme different 1022:1030 arg1 SNPs 1063:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs 1017:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey 1017:1106 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 10 60 theme 52.88 1521:1525 arg1 P-value 1509:1515 P-value 1509:1515 P-value 1509:1515 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 10 60 theme 52.88 1521:1525 arg1 -log10 1502:1507 -log10 1502:1507 -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) 1502:1546 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 7 61 theme major 1131:1135 arg1 QTL 1149:1151 a major overlapping QTL 1129:1151 a major overlapping QTL 1129:1151 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 4 62 theme bovine 837:842 arg1 OS 849:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 total 15 different bovine milk OS 818:850 RESULTS In total 15 different bovine milk OS were monitored. 31117955 3 63 theme genome 712:717 arg1 GWAS 743:746 a genome wide association study (GWAS) 710:747 a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 710:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 13 64 theme specific 2024:2031 arg1 genes 2043:2047 specific candidate genes 2024:2047 specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2024:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 9 65 located detected 1400:1407 arg2 QTL 1392:1394 a very strong QTL 1378:1394 a very strong QTL 1378:1394 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 9 65 located detected 1400:1407 arg1 Jersey 1370:1375 Jersey 1370:1375 Jersey 1370:1375 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 13 66 theme genes 2043:2047 arg1 potential 1968:1976 a solid breeding potential 1951:1976 a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS 1951:1995 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 13 66 theme genes 2043:2047 arg1 indication 2010:2019 a strong indication 2001:2019 a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 2001:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 10 67 contain had 1498:1500 arg2 -log10 1502:1507 -log10 1502:1507 -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) 1502:1546 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 10 67 contain had 1498:1500 arg1 SNP 1494:1496 The most significant SNP 1473:1496 The most significant SNP 1473:1496 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 10 67 contain had 1498:1500 arg2 P-value 1509:1515 P-value 1509:1515 P-value 1509:1515 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 9 68 dep Hex 1439:1441 arg1 isomer 1453:1458 isomer 1 1453:1460 isomer 1 1453:1460 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 9 68 dep Hex 1439:1441 arg1 HexNAc 1445:1450 HexNAc 1445:1450 composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) 1425:1461 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 1 69 theme brain 187:191 arg1 development 212:222 brain and gut microbiota development 187:222 development 212:222 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 12 70 theme interest 1743:1750 arg1 genes 1734:1738 Other candidate genes 1718:1738 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS 1718:1773 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS were ALG3, B3GALNT2, LOC520336, PIGV, MAN1C1, ST6GALNAC6, GLT6D1, GALNT14, GALNT17, COLGALT2, LFNG and SIGLEC. 31117955 6 71 theme 6913 1058:1061 arg1 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 FDR < 0.10 1069:1078 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 6 71 theme 6913 1058:1061 arg1 SNPs 1063:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs 1017:1066 five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey 1017:1106 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 3 72 theme association 724:734 arg1 GWAS 743:746 a genome wide association study (GWAS) 710:747 a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 710:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 10 73 theme blood 1593:1597 arg1 glycosyltransferases 1605:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 ABO blood group glycosyltransferases 1589:1624 The most significant SNP had -log10(P-value) of 52.88 (BOVINEHD1100030300) and was assigned to ABO, a gene encoding ABO blood group glycosyltransferases. 31117955 1 74 theme gut 197:199 arg1 development 212:222 brain and gut microbiota development 187:222 development 212:222 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 13 75 dep CONCLUSION 1886:1895 arg1 study 1933:1937 the first study 1923:1937 the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence 1923:2105 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 13 75 dep CONCLUSION 1886:1895 arg1 this 1915:1918 this 1915:1918 this 1915:1918 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 5 76 dep 0.92 938:941 arg1 to 935:936 to 935:936 to 935:936 Heritabilities ranged from 0 to 0.68 in Danish Holstein and from 0 to 0.92 in Danish Jersey. 31117955 11 77 theme variation 1707:1715 arg1 variation 1707:1715 the OS variation 1700:1715 the OS variation 1700:1715 This SNP has been reported to be a missense mutation and explains 56% of the OS variation. 31117955 11 77 theme variation 1707:1715 arg1 % 1695:1695 56% 1693:1695 56% of the OS variation 1693:1715 This SNP has been reported to be a missense mutation and explains 56% of the OS variation. 31117955 1 78 theme BACKGROUND 124:133 arg1 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 78 theme BACKGROUND 124:133 arg1 oligosaccharides 146:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides 124:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) 124:166 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 12 79 theme Other 1718:1722 arg1 genes 1734:1738 Other candidate genes 1718:1738 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS 1718:1773 Other candidate genes of interest identified for milk OS were ALG3, B3GALNT2, LOC520336, PIGV, MAN1C1, ST6GALNAC6, GLT6D1, GALNT14, GALNT17, COLGALT2, LFNG and SIGLEC. 31117955 2 80 theme value-added 559:569 arg1 ingredients 571:581 value-added ingredients 559:581 value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals 559:620 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 1 81 theme milk 141:144 arg1 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 OS 164:165 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 81 theme milk 141:144 arg1 oligosaccharides 146:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides 124:161 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) 124:166 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 14 82 contain has 2129:2131 arg1 information 2117:2127 This new information 2108:2127 This new information 2108:2127 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 14 82 contain has 2129:2131 arg2 potential 2137:2145 the potential to guide breeding strategies 2133:2174 the potential to guide breeding strategies 2133:2174 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 3 83 theme OS 778:779 arg1 dataset 781:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset 754:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 754:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 13 84 theme solid 1953:1957 arg1 potential 1968:1976 a solid breeding potential 1951:1976 a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS 1951:1995 CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting a solid breeding potential for bovine milk OS and a strong indication of specific candidate genes related to OS synthesis underlying this genetic influence. 31117955 9 85 from OS 1417:1418 arg1 BTA11 1466:1470 BTA11 1466:1470 BTA11 1466:1470 In Danish Jersey, a very strong QTL was detected for the OS with composition 2 Hex 1 HexNAc (isomer 1) on BTA11. 31117955 14 86 theme milk 2311:2314 arg1 OS 2316:2317 bovine milk OS 2304:2317 bovine milk OS 2304:2317 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 7 87 theme variation 1214:1222 arg1 % 1205:1205 24% 1203:1205 24% of the variation in these OS 1203:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 7 87 theme variation 1214:1222 arg1 variation 1214:1222 the variation 1210:1222 the variation in these OS 1210:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 3 88 theme bovine 766:771 arg1 dataset 781:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset 754:787 the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date 754:804 The present study is the first to report on genetic parameter estimation as well as on a genome wide association study (GWAS) from the largest bovine milk OS dataset analyzed to date. 31117955 0 89 theme bovine 84:89 arg1 oligosaccharides 96:111 bovine milk oligosaccharides 84:111 bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 84:121 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 2 90 theme genetic 469:475 arg1 basis 477:481 the genetic basis 465:481 the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals 465:620 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 5 91 dep 0.68 900:903 arg1 to 897:898 to 897:898 to 897:898 Heritabilities ranged from 0 to 0.68 in Danish Holstein and from 0 to 0.92 in Danish Jersey. 31117955 0 92 theme oligosaccharides 96:111 arg1 synthesis 113:121 bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 84:121 bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 84:121 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 14 93 theme large-scale 2278:2288 arg1 extraction 2290:2299 large-scale extraction 2278:2299 large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS 2278:2317 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 7 94 from variation 1214:1222 arg1 OS 1233:1234 these OS 1227:1234 these OS 1227:1234 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 2 95 theme OS 498:499 arg1 content 501:507 the OS content 494:507 the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals 494:620 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 6 96 from OS 1088:1089 arg1 Jersey 1101:1106 Jersey 1101:1106 Jersey 1101:1106 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 0 97 theme genome-wide 2:12 arg1 association 14:24 A genome-wide association 0:24 A genome-wide association study 0:30 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 2 98 theme increased 421:429 arg1 interest 431:438 increased interest 421:438 increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals 421:620 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 11 99 theme OS 1704:1705 arg1 variation 1707:1715 the OS variation 1700:1715 the OS variation 1700:1715 This SNP has been reported to be a missense mutation and explains 56% of the OS variation. 31117955 0 100 theme specific 40:47 arg1 transferases 49:60 specific transferases 40:60 specific transferases 40:60 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 0 100 theme specific 40:47 arg1 loci 75:78 candidate loci 65:78 candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis 65:121 A genome-wide association study reveals specific transferases as candidate loci for bovine milk oligosaccharides synthesis. 31117955 1 101 theme OS 281:282 arg1 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 unknown 323:329 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 1 101 theme OS 281:282 arg1 steps 272:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps 244:276 the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland 244:303 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 31117955 8 102 theme significant 1246:1256 arg1 SNPs 1258:1261 The most significant SNPs 1237:1261 The most significant SNPs 1237:1261 The most significant SNPs were associated with B3GNT5, a gene encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in glycan synthesis. 31117955 2 103 theme similar 373:379 arg1 structures 381:390 somewhat similar structures 364:390 somewhat similar structures 364:390 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 14 104 theme new 2113:2115 arg1 information 2117:2127 This new information 2108:2127 This new information 2108:2127 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 2 105 theme bovine 335:340 arg1 milk 342:345 bovine milk 335:345 bovine milk 335:345 As bovine milk contains OS with somewhat similar structures and functionalities there is increased interest in further understanding the genetic basis underlying the OS content of milk for eventual extraction and generation of value-added ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceuticals. 31117955 14 106 theme higher 2211:2216 arg1 diversity 2218:2226 higher diversity 2211:2226 higher diversity 2211:2226 This new information has the potential to guide breeding strategies to achieve production of milk with higher diversity and concentration of OS and ultimately facilitate large-scale extraction of bovine milk OS. 31117955 7 107 theme overlapping 1137:1147 arg1 QTL 1149:1151 a major overlapping QTL 1129:1151 a major overlapping QTL 1129:1151 In Danish Holstein, a major overlapping QTL was identified on BTA1 for LNH and LNT explaining 24% of the variation in these OS. 31117955 6 108 from OS 1032:1033 arg1 Holstein 1045:1052 Holstein 1045:1052 Holstein 1045:1052 The GWAS identified in total 1770 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for five different OS in Danish Holstein and 6913 SNPs (FDR < 0.10) for 11 OS in Danish Jersey. 31117955 11 109 theme missense 1662:1669 arg1 mutation 1671:1678 a missense mutation 1660:1678 a missense mutation 1660:1678 This SNP has been reported to be a missense mutation and explains 56% of the OS variation. 31117955 11 109 theme missense 1662:1669 arg1 SNP 1632:1634 This SNP 1627:1634 This SNP 1627:1634 This SNP has been reported to be a missense mutation and explains 56% of the OS variation. 31117955 1 110 theme neonate 231:237 arg1 development 212:222 brain and gut microbiota development 187:222 development 212:222 BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (OS) play a key role in brain and gut microbiota development of the neonate, but the underlying biosynthetic steps of OS in the mammary gland are still largely unknown. 29424418 7 0 theme adaptive 1540:1547 arg1 process 1549:1555 an adaptive process 1537:1555 an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity 1537:1687 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 0 theme adaptive 1540:1547 arg1 proteolysis 1516:1526 targeted proteolysis 1507:1526 targeted proteolysis 1507:1526 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 8 1 theme mechanical 1909:1918 arg1 properties 1920:1929 the mechanical properties 1905:1929 the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues 1905:1961 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 6 2 theme notable 1244:1250 arg1 activity 1263:1270 notable gelatinase activity 1244:1270 notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis) 1244:1297 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 4 3 from NP 838:839 arg1 heterogeneous 817:829 heterogeneous 817:829 heterogeneous 817:829 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 6 4 theme Molecular 1003:1011 arg1 fragmentation 1013:1025 Molecular fragmentation 1003:1025 Molecular fragmentation 1003:1025 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 3 5 theme aggrecan 633:640 arg1 tissue-dependent 646:661 tissue-dependent 646:661 tissue-dependent 646:661 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 3 5 theme aggrecan 633:640 arg1 ultrastructure 608:621 the ultrastructure 604:621 the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan 604:640 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 8 6 theme pathological 1743:1754 arg1 fragmentation 1775:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation 1743:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan 1743:1799 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 3 7 theme most 664:667 arg1 molecules 669:677 most molecules 664:677 most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) 664:700 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 4 8 from heterogeneous 817:829 arg1 NP 838:839 the NP 834:839 the NP 834:839 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 1 9 theme abundant 198:205 arg1 assemblies 207:216 the most abundant assemblies 189:216 the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 189:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 9 theme abundant 198:205 arg1 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 9 theme abundant 198:205 arg1 fibrils 164:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 7 10 dep % 1368:1368 arg1 nm2 1403:1405 5137 nm2 1398:1405 5137 nm2 1398:1405 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 1 11 from assemblies 207:216 arg1 cartilage 236:244 articular cartilage 226:244 articular cartilage (AC) 226:249 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 11 from assemblies 207:216 arg1 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 11 from assemblies 207:216 arg1 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 11 from assemblies 207:216 arg1 pulposus 267:274 the nucleus pulposus 255:274 the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 255:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 11 from assemblies 207:216 arg1 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 2 12 contain containing 368:377 arg2 domains 394:400 three globular domains 379:400 three globular domains 379:400 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 2 12 contain containing 368:377 arg1 heterogeneity 333:345 structural heterogeneity 322:345 structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) 322:401 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 1 13 theme tissues 132:138 arg1 structure 105:113 structure 105:113 structure 105:113 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 13 theme tissues 132:138 arg1 composition 89:99 composition 89:99 composition 89:99 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 7 14 theme molecular 1382:1390 arg1 area 1392:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 14 theme molecular 1382:1390 arg1 % 1368:1368 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 2 15 from tissues 474:480 arg1 extent 430:435 the extent 426:435 the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues 426:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 3 16 dep fragmented 707:716 arg1 lacking 719:725 lacking 719:725 lacking one or more globular domains 719:754 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 3 17 theme NP 566:567 arg1 tissues 569:575 young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues 507:575 tissues 569:575 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 7 18 theme fragmented 1370:1379 arg1 area 1392:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 18 theme fragmented 1370:1379 arg1 % 1368:1368 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 2 19 theme healthy 466:472 arg1 tissues 474:480 healthy tissues 466:480 healthy tissues 466:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 6 20 theme ≈ 1190:1190 arg1 kPa 1195:1197 ≈ 80 kPa 1190:1197 ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa 1175:1197 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 1 21 theme disc 303:306 arg1 cartilage 236:244 articular cartilage 226:244 articular cartilage (AC) 226:249 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 21 theme disc 303:306 arg1 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 21 theme disc 303:306 arg1 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 21 theme disc 303:306 arg1 pulposus 267:274 the nucleus pulposus 255:274 the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 255:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 21 theme disc 303:306 arg1 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 8 22 theme age-related 1763:1773 arg1 fragmentation 1775:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation 1743:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan 1743:1799 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 1 23 theme collagen 152:159 arg1 assemblies 207:216 the most abundant assemblies 189:216 the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 189:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 23 theme collagen 152:159 arg1 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 23 theme collagen 152:159 arg1 fibrils 164:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 2 24 theme fragmentation 449:461 arg1 extent 430:435 the extent 426:435 the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues 426:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 0 25 from fragmentation 21:33 arg1 tissues 67:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 7 26 dep AC 1432:1433 arg1 area 1465:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 26 dep AC 1432:1433 arg1 % 1441:1441 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 1 27 dep composition 89:99 arg1 the 85:87 the 85:87 the 85:87 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 3 28 theme globular 739:746 arg1 domains 748:754 one or more globular domains 727:754 one or more globular domains 727:754 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 6 29 dep kPa 1181:1183 arg1 kPa 1195:1197 ≈ 80 kPa 1190:1197 ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa 1175:1197 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 6 29 dep kPa 1181:1183 arg1 NP 1186:1187 NP 1186:1187 ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa 1175:1197 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 7 30 theme neonatal 1343:1350 arg1 AC 1359:1360 neonatal bovine AC 1343:1360 neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) 1343:1406 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 6 31 theme ≈ 1175:1175 arg1 kPa 1181:1183 ≈ 500 kPa 1175:1183 ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa 1175:1197 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 3 32 dep % 687:687 arg1 NP 690:691 NP 690:691 AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 % 680:699 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 3 32 dep % 687:687 arg1 % 699:699 99.5 % 694:699 AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 % 680:699 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 2 33 from extent 430:435 arg1 tissues 474:480 healthy tissues 466:480 healthy tissues 466:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 2 34 theme intact 350:355 arg1 aggrecan 357:364 intact aggrecan 350:364 intact aggrecan 350:364 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 0 35 theme Extracellular 0:12 arg1 fragmentation 21:33 Extracellular matrix fragmentation 0:33 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 0:73 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 1 36 theme nucleus 259:265 arg1 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 IVD 309:311 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 36 theme nucleus 259:265 arg1 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 NP 277:278 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 36 theme nucleus 259:265 arg1 pulposus 267:274 the nucleus pulposus 255:274 the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 255:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 7 37 theme charge 1638:1643 arg1 density 1645:1651 tissue charge density 1631:1651 tissue charge density 1631:1651 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 38 theme mature 1425:1430 arg1 AC 1432:1433 mature AC 1425:1433 mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2) 1425:1479 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 6 39 theme healthy 1214:1220 arg1 tissues 1222:1228 healthy tissues 1214:1228 healthy tissues 1214:1228 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 8 40 theme cartilaginous 1941:1953 arg1 tissues 1955:1961 native cartilaginous tissues 1934:1961 native cartilaginous tissues 1934:1961 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 8 41 theme new 1838:1840 arg1 strategies 1842:1851 new strategies 1838:1851 new strategies 1838:1851 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 0 42 theme young 38:42 arg1 tissues 67:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 7 43 from AC 1359:1360 arg1 prevalent 1330:1338 prevalent 1330:1338 prevalent 1330:1338 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 44 theme aggrecan 1303:1310 arg1 fragmentation 1312:1324 aggrecan fragmentation 1303:1324 aggrecan fragmentation 1303:1324 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 4 45 theme AC 879:880 arg1 nm2 888:890 AC: 8543 nm2 879:890 molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2 863:904 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 6 46 dep comparable 1200:1209 arg1 modulus 1162:1168 reduced modulus 1154:1168 reduced modulus: AC 1154:1172 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 0 47 dep young 38:42 arg1 healthy 45:51 healthy 45:51 healthy 45:51 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 6 48 dep activity 1263:1270 arg1 compared 1273:1280 compared 1273:1280 compared with rat dermis 1273:1296 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 4 49 theme p 907:907 arg1 < 909:909 p < 0.0001 907:916 p < 0.0001 907:916 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 3 50 theme intact 626:631 arg1 aggrecan 633:640 intact aggrecan 626:640 intact aggrecan 626:640 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 6 51 theme gelatinase 1252:1261 arg1 activity 1263:1270 notable gelatinase activity 1244:1270 notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis) 1244:1297 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 3 52 dep molecules 669:677 arg1 % 687:687 AC: 95 % 680:687 AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 % 680:699 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 4 53 dep area 873:876 arg1 < 909:909 p < 0.0001 907:916 p < 0.0001 907:916 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 4 53 dep area 873:876 arg1 NP 893:894 NP 893:894 molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2 863:904 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 4 53 dep area 873:876 arg1 nm2 902:904 4625 nm2 897:904 molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2 863:904 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 4 53 dep area 873:876 arg1 nm2 888:890 AC: 8543 nm2 879:890 molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2 863:904 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 3 54 theme young 507:511 arg1 AC 559:560 young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues 507:575 AC 559:560 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 7 55 theme targeted 1507:1514 arg1 process 1549:1555 an adaptive process 1537:1555 an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity 1537:1687 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 55 theme targeted 1507:1514 arg1 proteolysis 1516:1526 targeted proteolysis 1507:1526 targeted proteolysis 1507:1526 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 3 56 dep mature 529:534 arg1 months 543:548 18-30 months 537:548 18-30 months 537:548 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 7 57 from prevalent 1330:1338 arg1 AC 1359:1360 neonatal bovine AC 1343:1360 neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) 1343:1406 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 8 58 theme native 1934:1939 arg1 tissues 1955:1961 native cartilaginous tissues 1934:1961 native cartilaginous tissues 1934:1961 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 6 59 theme young 1083:1087 arg1 tissues 1108:1114 these young, skeletally mature tissues 1077:1114 these young, skeletally mature tissues 1077:1114 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 8 60 theme tissues 1955:1961 arg1 properties 1920:1929 the mechanical properties 1905:1929 the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues 1905:1961 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 3 61 theme AC 680:681 arg1 % 687:687 AC: 95 % 680:687 AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 % 680:699 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 2 62 from fragmentation 449:461 arg1 tissues 474:480 healthy tissues 466:480 healthy tissues 466:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 6 63 dep modulus 1162:1168 arg1 kPa 1181:1183 ≈ 500 kPa 1175:1183 ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa 1175:1197 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 6 63 dep modulus 1162:1168 arg1 AC 1171:1172 AC 1171:1172 reduced modulus: AC 1154:1172 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 6 64 theme reduced 1154:1160 arg1 modulus 1162:1168 reduced modulus 1154:1168 reduced modulus: AC 1154:1172 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 1 65 theme cartilaginous 118:130 arg1 tissues 132:138 cartilaginous tissues 118:138 cartilaginous tissues 118:138 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 6 66 theme pathology 1057:1065 arg1 indicative 1041:1050 indicative 1041:1050 indicative 1041:1050 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 7 67 dep % 1441:1441 arg1 nm2 1476:1478 8667 nm2 1471:1478 8667 nm2 1471:1478 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 3 68 dep young 507:511 arg1 mature 529:534 mature 529:534 mature 529:534 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 3 68 dep young 507:511 arg1 bovine 552:557 bovine 552:557 bovine 552:557 Using young, yet skeletally mature (18-30 months), bovine AC and NP tissues, it was shown that, whilst the ultrastructure of intact aggrecan was tissue-dependent, most molecules (AC: 95 %; NP: 99.5 %) were fragmented (lacking one or more globular domains). 29424418 7 69 dep AC 1359:1360 arg1 area 1392:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 molecular area 1382:1395 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 69 dep AC 1359:1360 arg1 % 1368:1368 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 99.5 % fragmented 1363:1379 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 5 70 theme fibrillar 933:941 arg1 collagen 943:950 fibrillar collagen 933:950 fibrillar collagen 933:950 In contrast, fibrillar collagen appeared structurally intact and tissue-invariant. 29424418 1 71 theme II 161:162 arg1 assemblies 207:216 the most abundant assemblies 189:216 the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD) 189:312 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 71 theme II 161:162 arg1 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 aggrecan 176:183 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 71 theme II 161:162 arg1 fibrils 164:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 collagen II fibrils 152:170 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 7 72 theme bovine 1352:1357 arg1 AC 1359:1360 neonatal bovine AC 1343:1360 neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) 1343:1406 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 2 73 theme aggrecan 440:447 arg1 fragmentation 449:461 aggrecan fragmentation 440:461 aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues 440:480 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 7 74 theme mechanical 1654:1663 arg1 properties 1665:1674 mechanical properties 1654:1674 mechanical properties 1654:1674 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 75 theme molecular 1455:1463 arg1 area 1465:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 75 theme molecular 1455:1463 arg1 % 1441:1441 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 76 theme fragmented 1443:1452 arg1 area 1465:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 molecular area 1455:1468 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 7 76 theme fragmented 1443:1452 arg1 % 1441:1441 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 95.0 % fragmented 1436:1452 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 2 77 theme aggrecan 357:364 arg1 heterogeneity 333:345 structural heterogeneity 322:345 structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) 322:401 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 0 78 theme matrix 14:19 arg1 fragmentation 21:33 Extracellular matrix fragmentation 0:33 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 0:73 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 7 79 theme tissue 1631:1636 arg1 density 1645:1651 tissue charge density 1631:1651 tissue charge density 1631:1651 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 2 80 gly heterogeneity 333:345 arg1 aggrecan 357:364 intact aggrecan 350:364 intact aggrecan 350:364 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 2 81 theme globular 385:392 arg1 domains 394:400 three globular domains 379:400 three globular domains 379:400 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 8 82 theme aggrecan 1792:1799 arg1 fragmentation 1775:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation 1743:1787 pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan 1743:1799 These observations provided a baseline against which pathological and/or age-related fragmentation of aggrecan could be assessed and suggested that new strategies might be required to engineer constructs that mimic the mechanical properties of native cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 4 83 theme molecular 863:871 arg1 AC 859:860 the AC 855:860 the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001) 855:917 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 4 83 theme molecular 863:871 arg1 area 873:876 molecular area 863:876 molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2 863:904 Fragments were significantly smaller and more structurally heterogeneous in the NP compared with the AC (molecular area; AC: 8543 nm2; NP: 4625 nm2; p < 0.0001). 29424418 0 84 theme cartilaginous 53:65 arg1 tissues 67:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 young, healthy cartilaginous tissues 38:73 Extracellular matrix fragmentation in young, healthy cartilaginous tissues. 29424418 6 85 theme rat 1287:1289 arg1 dermis 1291:1296 rat dermis 1287:1296 rat dermis 1287:1296 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 1 86 theme intervertebral 288:301 arg1 disc 303:306 the intervertebral disc 284:306 the intervertebral disc 284:306 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 7 87 theme aggrecan 1571:1578 arg1 packing 1580:1586 aggrecan packing 1571:1586 aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) 1571:1617 As aggrecan fragmentation was prevalent in neonatal bovine AC (99.5 % fragmented, molecular area: 5137 nm2) as compared with mature AC (95.0 % fragmented, molecular area: 8667 nm2), it was hypothesised that targeted proteolysis might be an adaptive process that modified aggrecan packing (as simulated computationally) and, hence, tissue charge density, mechanical properties and porosity. 29424418 1 88 theme articular 226:234 arg1 cartilage 236:244 articular cartilage 226:244 articular cartilage (AC) 226:249 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 1 88 theme articular 226:234 arg1 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 AC 247:248 Although the composition and structure of cartilaginous tissues is complex, collagen II fibrils and aggrecan are the most abundant assemblies in both articular cartilage (AC) and the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the intervertebral disc (IVD). 29424418 6 89 dep young 1083:1087 arg1 mature 1101:1106 mature 1101:1106 mature 1101:1106 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 29424418 2 90 theme structural 322:331 arg1 heterogeneity 333:345 structural heterogeneity 322:345 structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) 322:401 Whilst structural heterogeneity of intact aggrecan ( containing three globular domains) is well characterised, the extent of aggrecan fragmentation in healthy tissues is poorly defined. 29424418 6 91 theme activity 1263:1270 arg1 devoid 1234:1239 devoid 1234:1239 devoid 1234:1239 Molecular fragmentation is considered indicative of a pathology; however, these young, skeletally mature tissues were histologically and mechanically (reduced modulus: AC: ≈ 500 kPa; NP: ≈ 80 kPa) comparable to healthy tissues and devoid of notable gelatinase activity (compared with rat dermis). 31687435 5 0 theme gene 1146:1149 arg1 expression 1123:1132 down-regulated expression 1108:1132 down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1108:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 2 1 from mice 460:463 arg1 characterization 415:430 the characterization 411:430 the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 411:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 2 gly glycoproteins 443:455 arg1 glycoproteins 443:455 hepatic glycoproteins 435:455 hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 435:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 3 from glycoproteins 443:455 arg1 mice 460:463 mice 460:463 mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 460:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 4 theme additional 371:380 arg1 data 402:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 5 5 theme rate-limiting 1168:1180 arg1 gene 1146:1149 the Gale gene 1137:1149 the Gale gene 1137:1149 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 5 5 theme rate-limiting 1168:1180 arg1 enzyme 1182:1187 a rate-limiting enzyme 1166:1187 a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1166:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 0 6 theme glycoproteins 69:81 arg1 status 51:56 the glycosylation status 33:56 the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice 33:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 3 7 theme immature 694:701 arg1 forms 703:707 immature forms 694:707 immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins 694:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 4 8 theme aberrant 905:912 arg1 glycosylation 914:926 aberrant glycosylation 905:926 aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins 905:950 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 3 9 theme glycoproteins 531:543 arg1 Analysis 511:518 Analysis 511:518 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA 511:610 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 5 10 theme nucleotide 1216:1225 arg1 donors 1227:1232 sugar nucleotide donors 1210:1232 sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1210:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 4 11 theme tissue 931:936 arg1 glycoproteins 938:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 5 12 theme down-regulated 1108:1121 arg1 expression 1123:1132 down-regulated expression 1108:1132 down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1108:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 4 13 theme anti-α2,6-sialyl 784:799 arg1 antibody 808:815 an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 781:815 an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 781:815 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 0 14 from status 51:56 arg1 mice 86:89 mice 86:89 mice 86:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 5 15 theme expression 1036:1045 arg1 levels 1047:1052 the expression levels 1032:1052 the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes 1032:1081 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 5 16 theme glycoproteins 993:1005 arg1 alterations 970:980 These structural alterations 953:980 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins 953:1005 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 3 17 theme hepatic 523:529 arg1 glycoproteins 531:543 hepatic glycoproteins 523:543 hepatic glycoproteins 523:543 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 1 18 theme transcriptional 269:283 arg1 regulation 285:294 the transcriptional regulation 265:294 the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes 265:334 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 0 19 theme low-carbohydrate 97:112 arg1 diet 124:127 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 95:127 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 95:127 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 6 20 theme LCKD-fed 1347:1354 arg1 mice 1356:1359 LCKD-fed mice 1347:1359 LCKD-fed mice 1347:1359 This property differed from glycosphingolipid metabolism in the liver of LCKD-fed mice. 31687435 6 21 theme mice 1356:1359 arg1 liver 1338:1342 the liver 1334:1342 the liver of LCKD-fed mice 1334:1359 This property differed from glycosphingolipid metabolism in the liver of LCKD-fed mice. 31687435 0 22 gly glycoproteins 69:81 arg1 glycoproteins 69:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 2 23 theme ketogenic 488:496 arg1 diet 498:501 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 469:501 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 469:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 23 theme ketogenic 488:496 arg1 LCKD 504:507 LCKD 504:507 LCKD 504:507 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 5 24 theme structural 959:968 arg1 alterations 970:980 These structural alterations 953:980 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins 953:1005 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 4 25 gly glycoproteins 938:950 arg1 glycoproteins 938:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 4 26 theme LacNAc 801:806 arg1 antibody 808:815 an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 781:815 an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 781:815 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 4 27 gly glycosylation 914:926 arg1 glycoproteins 938:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 tissue glycoproteins 931:950 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 2 28 theme low-carbohydrate 471:486 arg1 diet 498:501 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 469:501 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 469:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 28 theme low-carbohydrate 471:486 arg1 LCKD 504:507 LCKD 504:507 LCKD 504:507 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 4 29 theme immunosorbent 755:767 arg1 assay 769:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 738:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 738:815 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 3 30 from glycoproteins 723:735 arg1 forms 703:707 immature forms 694:707 immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins 694:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 31 dep lectins 578:584 arg1 lectins 578:584 the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA 574:610 the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA 574:610 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 31 dep lectins 578:584 arg1 LCA 599:601 LCA 599:601 LCA 599:601 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 31 dep lectins 578:584 arg1 WGA 608:610 WGA 608:610 WGA 608:610 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 31 dep lectins 578:584 arg1 ConA 593:596 ConA 593:596 ConA 593:596 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 31 dep lectins 578:584 arg1 UEA-I 586:590 UEA-I 586:590 UEA-I 586:590 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 3 32 theme glycans 672:678 arg1 forms 650:654 mature forms 643:654 mature forms of complex-type glycans 643:678 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 4 33 theme enzyme-linked 741:753 arg1 assay 769:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 738:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 738:815 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 5 34 from glycosylation 1246:1258 arg1 liver 1267:1271 the liver 1263:1271 the liver 1263:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 5 35 gly glycosylation 1246:1258 arg1 liver 1267:1271 the liver 1263:1271 the liver 1263:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 3 36 gly glycoproteins 531:543 arg1 glycoproteins 531:543 hepatic glycoproteins 523:543 hepatic glycoproteins 523:543 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 1 37 theme entitled 186:193 arg1 " 335:335 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 1 38 theme ganglioside 299:309 arg1 genes 330:334 ganglioside metabolism-related genes 299:334 ganglioside metabolism-related genes 299:334 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 0 39 theme ketogenic 114:122 arg1 diet 124:127 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 95:127 a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 95:127 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 4 40 link enzyme-linked 741:753 arg1 assay 769:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 738:773 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody 738:815 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 3 41 gly glycoproteins 723:735 arg1 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 2 42 theme glycoproteins 443:455 arg1 characterization 415:430 the characterization 411:430 the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 411:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 1 43 theme metabolism-related 311:328 arg1 genes 330:334 ganglioside metabolism-related genes 299:334 ganglioside metabolism-related genes 299:334 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 5 44 gly glycoproteins 993:1005 arg1 glycoproteins 993:1005 hepatic glycoproteins 985:1005 hepatic glycoproteins 985:1005 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 2 45 theme hepatic 435:441 arg1 glycoproteins 443:455 hepatic glycoproteins 435:455 hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 435:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 3 46 from forms 703:707 arg1 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 1 47 theme genes 330:334 arg1 regulation 285:294 the transcriptional regulation 265:294 the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes 265:334 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 3 48 link enzyme-linked 548:560 arg1 assay 562:566 enzyme-linked assay 548:566 enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA 548:610 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 1 49 theme low-carbohydrate 198:213 arg1 diet 225:228 A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 196:228 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 0 50 theme status 51:56 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice 13:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 5 51 theme donors 1227:1232 arg1 synthesis 1197:1205 the synthesis 1193:1205 the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1193:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 1 52 dep diet 225:228 arg1 promotes 230:237 promotes 230:237 promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes 230:334 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 4 53 theme dietary 861:867 arg1 restriction 882:892 dietary carbohydrate restriction 861:892 dietary carbohydrate restriction 861:892 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 5 54 theme sugar 1210:1214 arg1 donors 1227:1232 sugar nucleotide donors 1210:1232 sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1210:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 0 55 theme glycosylation 37:49 arg1 status 51:56 the glycosylation status 33:56 the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice 33:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 5 56 theme protein 1238:1244 arg1 glycosylation 1246:1258 protein glycosylation 1238:1258 protein glycosylation in the liver 1238:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 4 57 theme glycoproteins 938:950 arg1 glycosylation 914:926 aberrant glycosylation 905:926 aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins 905:950 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 3 58 theme mature 643:648 arg1 forms 650:654 mature forms 643:654 mature forms of complex-type glycans 643:678 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 4 59 theme carbohydrate 869:880 arg1 restriction 882:892 dietary carbohydrate restriction 861:892 dietary carbohydrate restriction 861:892 An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using an anti-α2,6-sialyl LacNAc antibody also supported this result, indicating that dietary carbohydrate restriction results in aberrant glycosylation of tissue glycoproteins. 31687435 2 60 from characterization 415:430 arg1 mice 460:463 mice 460:463 mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) 460:508 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 2 61 theme present 346:352 arg1 article 354:360 The present article 342:360 The present article 342:360 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 6 62 theme glycosphingolipid 1302:1318 arg1 metabolism 1320:1329 glycosphingolipid metabolism 1302:1329 glycosphingolipid metabolism 1302:1329 This property differed from glycosphingolipid metabolism in the liver of LCKD-fed mice. 31687435 5 63 theme glycosyltransferase 1057:1075 arg1 genes 1077:1081 glycosyltransferase genes 1057:1081 glycosyltransferase genes 1057:1081 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 5 64 theme hepatic 985:991 arg1 glycoproteins 993:1005 hepatic glycoproteins 985:1005 hepatic glycoproteins 985:1005 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 3 65 from glycans 712:718 arg1 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 glycoproteins 723:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 1 66 theme ketogenic 215:223 arg1 diet 225:228 A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet 196:228 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 3 67 theme complex-type 659:670 arg1 glycans 672:678 complex-type glycans 659:678 complex-type glycans 659:678 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 5 68 theme genes 1077:1081 arg1 levels 1047:1052 the expression levels 1032:1052 the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes 1032:1081 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 3 69 theme enzyme-linked 548:560 arg1 assay 562:566 enzyme-linked assay 548:566 enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA 548:610 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 5 70 theme Gale 1141:1144 arg1 gene 1146:1149 the Gale gene 1137:1149 the Gale gene 1137:1149 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 5 70 theme Gale 1141:1144 arg1 enzyme 1182:1187 a rate-limiting enzyme 1166:1187 a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver 1166:1271 These structural alterations of hepatic glycoproteins were not correlated with the expression levels of glycosyltransferase genes but were correlated with down-regulated expression of the Gale gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of sugar nucleotide donors for protein glycosylation in the liver. 31687435 1 71 theme diet 225:228 arg1 " 335:335 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1] 167:339 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 31687435 0 72 theme hepatic 61:67 arg1 glycoproteins 69:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 0 73 from mice 86:89 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice 13:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 0 74 gly glycosylation 37:49 arg1 glycoproteins 69:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 hepatic glycoproteins 61:81 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 2 75 theme analysis 393:400 arg1 data 402:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 0 76 from characterization 13:28 arg1 mice 86:89 mice 86:89 mice 86:89 Data set for characterization of the glycosylation status of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. 31687435 3 77 theme glycans 712:718 arg1 forms 703:707 immature forms 694:707 immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins 694:735 Analysis of hepatic glycoproteins by enzyme-linked assay using the lectins UEA-I, ConA, LCA, and WGA showed that the LCKD decreased mature forms of complex-type glycans but increased immature forms of glycans on glycoproteins. 31687435 2 78 theme structural 382:391 arg1 data 402:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 additional structural analysis data 371:405 The present article provides additional structural analysis data for the characterization of hepatic glycoproteins in mice fed a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD). 31687435 1 79 theme ganglioside 239:249 arg1 synthesis 251:259 ganglioside synthesis 239:259 ganglioside synthesis 239:259 The data presented herein pertain to a research article entitled "A low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet promotes ganglioside synthesis via the transcriptional regulation of ganglioside metabolism-related genes" [1]. 30041405 4 0 theme agar 502:505 arg1 blending 478:485 the blending 474:485 the blending of sericin and agar 474:505 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 4 0 theme agar 502:505 arg1 freeze-thawing 522:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 8 1 theme cubic 1068:1072 arg1 structures 1074:1083 the face-centered cubic structures 1050:1083 the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs 1050:1096 X-ray powder diffraction showed the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs. 30041405 6 2 theme properties 737:746 arg1 analysis 748:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 3 3 theme frangible 312:320 arg1 characteristic 322:335 its frangible characteristic 308:335 its frangible characteristic 308:335 However, sericin could not be used in biomedical materials directly because of its frangible characteristic. 30041405 8 4 theme face-centered 1054:1066 arg1 structures 1074:1083 the face-centered cubic structures 1050:1083 the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs 1050:1096 X-ray powder diffraction showed the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs. 30041405 7 5 theme Scanning 873:880 arg1 microscopy 891:900 Scanning electron microscopy 873:900 Scanning electron microscopy 873:900 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 10 6 theme composite 1280:1288 arg1 film 1290:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film 1253:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications 1253:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 10 7 theme antimicrobial 1339:1351 arg1 property 1353:1360 an antimicrobial property 1336:1360 an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications 1336:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 4 8 theme repetitive 511:520 arg1 freeze-thawing 522:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 6 9 theme mechanical 805:814 arg1 property 816:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 7 10 theme electron 882:889 arg1 microscopy 891:900 Scanning electron microscopy 873:900 Scanning electron microscopy 873:900 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 10 11 theme AgNPs/sericin/agar 1261:1278 arg1 film 1290:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film 1253:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications 1253:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 5 12 theme antibacterial 650:662 arg1 activity 664:671 antibacterial activity 650:671 antibacterial activity 650:671 Then, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ on the surface of the composite film to endow it with antibacterial activity. 30041405 6 13 theme excellent 795:803 arg1 property 816:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 9 14 theme excellent 1147:1155 arg1 capability 1171:1180 an excellent antibacterial capability 1144:1180 an excellent antibacterial capability 1144:1180 This AgNPs modified composite film exhibited an excellent antibacterial capability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 30041405 9 15 theme AgNPs 1104:1108 arg1 film 1129:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film exhibited an excellent antibacterial capability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 30041405 10 16 theme novel 1255:1259 arg1 film 1290:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film 1253:1293 a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications 1253:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 8 17 theme powder 1024:1029 arg1 diffraction 1031:1041 X-ray powder diffraction 1018:1041 X-ray powder diffraction 1018:1041 X-ray powder diffraction showed the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs. 30041405 8 18 theme AgNPs 1092:1096 arg1 structures 1074:1083 the face-centered cubic structures 1050:1083 the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs 1050:1096 X-ray powder diffraction showed the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs. 30041405 1 19 from cocoon 140:145 arg1 sericin 101:107 Silk sericin 96:107 Silk sericin 96:107 Silk sericin is a protein from a silkworm's cocoon. 30041405 1 19 from cocoon 140:145 arg1 protein 114:120 a protein 112:120 a protein from a silkworm's cocoon 112:145 Silk sericin is a protein from a silkworm's cocoon. 30041405 6 20 theme swelling 695:702 arg1 analysis 748:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 2 21 contain has 151:153 arg2 bioactivity 194:204 bioactivity 194:204 bioactivity 194:204 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 2 21 contain has 151:153 arg2 biocompatibility 160:175 good biocompatibility 155:175 good biocompatibility 155:175 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 2 21 contain has 151:153 arg2 hydrophilicity 178:191 hydrophilicity 178:191 hydrophilicity 178:191 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 2 21 contain has 151:153 arg2 biodegradability 211:226 biodegradability 211:226 biodegradability 211:226 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 2 21 contain has 151:153 arg1 It 148:149 It 148:149 It 148:149 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 5 22 theme composite 618:626 arg1 film 628:631 the composite film 614:631 the composite film 614:631 Then, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ on the surface of the composite film to endow it with antibacterial activity. 30041405 7 23 theme successful 962:971 arg1 modification 973:984 the successful modification 958:984 the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film 958:1015 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 9 24 theme composite 1119:1127 arg1 film 1129:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film exhibited an excellent antibacterial capability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 30041405 0 25 theme Novel 2:6 arg1 Film 27:30 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film 0:30 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 0:94 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 4 26 theme sericin 490:496 arg1 blending 478:485 the blending 474:485 the blending of sericin and agar 474:505 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 4 26 theme sericin 490:496 arg1 freeze-thawing 522:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 repetitive freeze-thawing 511:535 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 5 27 theme film 628:631 arg1 surface 603:609 the surface 599:609 the surface of the composite film 599:631 Then, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ on the surface of the composite film to endow it with antibacterial activity. 30041405 6 28 contain had 791:793 arg2 property 816:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 excellent mechanical property 795:823 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 6 28 contain had 791:793 arg2 stability 862:870 stability 862:870 stability 862:870 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 6 28 contain had 791:793 arg1 film 786:789 the composite film 772:789 the composite film 772:789 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 6 28 contain had 791:793 arg2 hygroscopicity 842:855 hygroscopicity 842:855 hygroscopicity 842:855 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 6 28 contain had 791:793 arg2 hydrophilicity 826:839 hydrophilicity 826:839 hydrophilicity 826:839 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 1 29 theme Silk 96:99 arg1 sericin 101:107 Silk sericin 96:107 Silk sericin 96:107 Silk sericin is a protein from a silkworm's cocoon. 30041405 1 29 theme Silk 96:99 arg1 protein 114:120 a protein 112:120 a protein from a silkworm's cocoon 112:145 Silk sericin is a protein from a silkworm's cocoon. 30041405 6 30 theme angle 688:692 arg1 analysis 748:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis 674:755 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 6 31 theme contact 680:686 arg1 angle 688:692 Water contact angle 674:692 Water contact angle 674:692 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 10 32 theme biomedical 1376:1385 arg1 applications 1387:1398 potential biomedical applications 1366:1398 potential biomedical applications 1366:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 4 33 theme biomedical 393:402 arg1 purposes 404:411 biomedical purposes 393:411 biomedical purposes 393:411 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 10 34 with film 1290:1293 arg1 performance 1320:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 10 34 with film 1290:1293 arg1 property 1353:1360 an antimicrobial property 1336:1360 an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications 1336:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 6 35 theme Water 674:678 arg1 angle 688:692 Water contact angle 674:692 Water contact angle 674:692 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 0 36 theme AgNPs/Sericin/Agar 8:25 arg1 Film 27:30 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film 0:30 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 0:94 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 3 37 theme biomedical 267:276 arg1 materials 278:286 biomedical materials 267:286 biomedical materials 267:286 However, sericin could not be used in biomedical materials directly because of its frangible characteristic. 30041405 7 38 theme AgNPs 989:993 arg1 modification 973:984 the successful modification 958:984 the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film 958:1015 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 0 39 theme Enhanced 37:44 arg1 Property 57:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 9 40 theme modified 1110:1117 arg1 film 1129:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film 1099:1132 This AgNPs modified composite film exhibited an excellent antibacterial capability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 30041405 10 41 theme enhanced 1300:1307 arg1 performance 1320:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 4 42 theme composite 451:459 arg1 film 461:464 a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film 426:464 a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing 426:535 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 9 43 theme antibacterial 1157:1169 arg1 capability 1171:1180 an excellent antibacterial capability 1144:1180 an excellent antibacterial capability 1144:1180 This AgNPs modified composite film exhibited an excellent antibacterial capability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 30041405 8 44 theme X-ray 1018:1022 arg1 diffraction 1031:1041 X-ray powder diffraction 1018:1041 X-ray powder diffraction 1018:1041 X-ray powder diffraction showed the face-centered cubic structures of the AgNPs. 30041405 2 45 theme good 155:158 arg1 biocompatibility 160:175 good biocompatibility 155:175 good biocompatibility 155:175 It has good biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and biodegradability. 30041405 0 46 with Film 27:30 arg1 Capability 84:93 Antibacterial Capability 70:93 Antibacterial Capability 70:93 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 0 46 with Film 27:30 arg1 Property 57:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 5 47 theme silver 559:564 arg1 AgNPs 581:585 AgNPs 581:585 AgNPs 581:585 Then, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ on the surface of the composite film to endow it with antibacterial activity. 30041405 5 47 theme silver 559:564 arg1 nanoparticles 566:578 silver nanoparticles 559:578 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 559:586 Then, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in situ on the surface of the composite film to endow it with antibacterial activity. 30041405 0 48 theme Mechanical 46:55 arg1 Property 57:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 Enhanced Mechanical Property 37:64 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 4 49 theme sericin-based 365:377 arg1 materials 379:387 multifunctional sericin-based materials 349:387 multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes 349:411 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 7 50 theme spectroscopy 926:937 arg1 analysis 939:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis 873:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis 873:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 6 51 dep swelling 695:702 arg1 ratio 715:719 ratio 715:719 ratio 715:719 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 4 52 theme multifunctional 349:363 arg1 materials 379:387 multifunctional sericin-based materials 349:387 multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes 349:411 To develop multifunctional sericin-based materials for biomedical purposes, we prepared a sericin/agar (SS/agar) composite film through the blending of sericin and agar and repetitive freeze-thawing. 30041405 10 53 theme mechanical 1309:1318 arg1 performance 1320:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 enhanced mechanical performance 1300:1330 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 6 54 theme mechanical 726:735 arg1 properties 737:746 mechanical properties 726:746 mechanical properties 726:746 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 7 55 from modification 973:984 arg1 film 1012:1015 the composite film 998:1015 the composite film 998:1015 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 7 56 theme X-ray 906:910 arg1 spectroscopy 926:937 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 906:937 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 906:937 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 10 57 theme potential 1366:1374 arg1 applications 1387:1398 potential biomedical applications 1366:1398 potential biomedical applications 1366:1398 Our study develops a novel AgNPs/sericin/agar composite film with enhanced mechanical performance and an antimicrobial property for potential biomedical applications. 30041405 0 58 theme Antibacterial 70:82 arg1 Capability 84:93 Antibacterial Capability 70:93 Antibacterial Capability 70:93 A Novel AgNPs/Sericin/Agar Film with Enhanced Mechanical Property and Antibacterial Capability. 30041405 7 59 theme photoelectron 912:924 arg1 spectroscopy 926:937 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 906:937 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 906:937 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 6 60 theme composite 776:784 arg1 film 786:789 the composite film 772:789 the composite film 772:789 Water contact angle, swelling and losing ratio, and mechanical properties analysis indicated that the composite film had excellent mechanical property, hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, and stability. 30041405 7 61 theme composite 1002:1010 arg1 film 1012:1015 the composite film 998:1015 the composite film 998:1015 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 30041405 3 62 used used 259:262 arg2 sericin 238:244 sericin 238:244 sericin 238:244 However, sericin could not be used in biomedical materials directly because of its frangible characteristic. 30041405 7 63 theme microscopy 891:900 arg1 analysis 939:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis 873:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis 873:946 Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful modification of AgNPs on the composite film. 31711923 8 0 theme Colon 1119:1123 arg1 tissues 1125:1131 Colon tissues 1119:1131 Colon tissues 1119:1131 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 7 1 theme Frey 1097:1100 arg1 assays 1111:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 Abdominal sensitivity was measured by electromyography and mechanical von Frey filament assays. 31711923 9 2 from AGER 1531:1534 arg1 epithelium 1554:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 7 3 theme mechanical 1082:1091 arg1 assays 1111:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 Abdominal sensitivity was measured by electromyography and mechanical von Frey filament assays. 31711923 1 4 theme bowel 254:258 arg1 habits 260:265 erratic bowel habits 246:265 erratic bowel habits 246:265 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 11 5 theme significant 1673:1683 arg1 alterations 1685:1695 significant alterations 1673:1695 significant alterations 1673:1695 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not induce significant alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiota. 31711923 13 6 theme abdominal 2007:2015 arg1 sensitivity 2017:2027 abdominal sensitivity 2007:2027 abdominal sensitivity 2007:2027 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 13 7 from colon 2081:2085 arg1 expression 2091:2100 expression 2091:2100 expression of AGER 2091:2108 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 13 7 from colon 2081:2085 arg1 numbers 2056:2062 increased numbers 2046:2062 increased numbers of mast cells in colon 2046:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 2 8 theme fermentable 282:292 arg1 FODMAPs 357:363 FODMAPs 357:363 FODMAPs 357:363 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 2 8 theme fermentable 282:292 arg1 oligosaccharides 294:309 fermentable oligosaccharides 282:309 fermentable oligosaccharides 282:309 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 13 9 from cells 2072:2076 arg1 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 2 10 from polyols 348:354 arg1 low 275:277 low 275:277 low 275:277 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 12 11 theme fecal 1794:1798 arg1 samples 1800:1806 fecal samples 1794:1806 fecal samples 1794:1806 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 2 12 theme low 275:277 arg1 diet 270:273 A diet 268:273 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) 268:364 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 9 13 theme mast 1476:1479 arg1 cells 1481:1485 mast cells 1476:1485 mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1476:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 8 14 theme advanced 1253:1260 arg1 glycosylation 1262:1274 advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1253:1311 advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1253:1311 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 14 15 theme fecal 2222:2226 arg1 microbiota 2228:2237 fecal microbiota 2222:2237 fecal microbiota of mice 2222:2245 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not produce alterations in fecal microbiota of mice. 31711923 13 16 from expression 2091:2100 arg1 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 14 17 from alterations 2207:2217 arg1 microbiota 2228:2237 fecal microbiota 2222:2237 fecal microbiota of mice 2222:2245 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not produce alterations in fecal microbiota of mice. 31711923 8 18 theme end-product 1276:1286 arg1 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 8 18 theme end-product 1276:1286 arg1 receptor 1297:1304 end-product specific receptor 1276:1304 advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1253:1311 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 10 19 theme pyridoxamine 1616:1627 arg1 administration 1598:1611 administration 1598:1611 administration of pyridoxamine 1598:1627 These effects were prevented by administration of pyridoxamine. 31711923 5 20 theme chow 884:887 arg1 controls 895:902 controls 895:902 controls 895:902 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 5 20 theme chow 884:887 arg1 diet 889:892 a normal chow diet 875:892 a normal chow diet (controls) 875:903 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 3 21 from products 564:571 arg1 mice 599:602 mice 599:602 mice 599:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 12 22 theme spectrometric 1746:1758 arg1 analysis 1760:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis 1741:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples 1741:1806 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 6 23 theme RNA 969:971 arg1 sequencing 978:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 Feces were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. 31711923 4 24 theme agent 687:691 arg1 pyridoxamine 693:704 the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine 669:704 the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine 669:704 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were gavaged with lactose, with or without the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine, or saline (controls) daily for 3 weeks. 31711923 9 25 theme receptor 1518:1525 arg1 expression 1500:1509 expression 1500:1509 expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1500:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 25 theme receptor 1518:1525 arg1 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 5 26 theme separate 749:756 arg1 mice 767:770 mice 767:770 mice 767:770 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 5 26 theme separate 749:756 arg1 group 758:762 A separate group 747:762 A separate group of mice 747:770 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 1 27 theme Irritable 165:173 arg1 IBS 191:193 IBS 191:193 IBS 191:193 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 1 27 theme Irritable 165:173 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Irritable bowel syndrome 165:188 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 165:194 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 2 28 from oligosaccharides 294:309 arg1 low 275:277 low 275:277 low 275:277 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 9 29 theme proximal 1539:1546 arg1 epithelium 1554:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 0 30 theme Cell 115:118 arg1 Density 120:126 Mast Cell Density 110:126 Mast Cell Density 110:126 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 2 31 theme microbial 415:423 arg1 products 438:445 microbial fermentation products 415:445 microbial fermentation products 415:445 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 1 32 dep AIMS 160:163 arg1 characterized 199:211 characterized 199:211 is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits 196:265 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 13 33 theme oral 1931:1934 arg1 administration 1936:1949 oral administration 1931:1949 oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice 1931:1995 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 9 34 theme RESULTS 1314:1320 arg1 Mice 1322:1325 RESULTS Mice 1314:1325 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides 1314:1377 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 15 35 with patients 2337:2344 arg1 IBS 2351:2353 IBS 2351:2353 IBS with sensitivity to FODMAPs 2351:2381 Our findings indicate that preventing glycation reactions might reduce abdominal pain in patients with IBS with sensitivity to FODMAPs. 31711923 6 36 theme bacterial 993:1001 arg1 analyses 1013:1020 bacterial community analyses 993:1020 bacterial community analyses 993:1020 Feces were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. 31711923 11 37 theme fecal 1723:1727 arg1 microbiota 1729:1738 the fecal microbiota 1719:1738 the fecal microbiota 1719:1738 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not induce significant alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiota. 31711923 0 38 theme Visceral 45:52 arg1 Sensitivity 54:64 Visceral Sensitivity 45:64 Visceral Sensitivity in Mice 45:72 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 9 39 from cells 1481:1485 arg1 expression 1500:1509 expression 1500:1509 expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1500:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 39 from cells 1481:1485 arg1 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 12 40 from analysis 1760:1767 arg1 samples 1800:1806 fecal samples 1794:1806 fecal samples 1794:1806 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 9 41 theme fed 1351:1353 arg1 fructo-oligosaccharides 1355:1377 fed fructo-oligosaccharides 1351:1377 fed fructo-oligosaccharides 1351:1377 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 13 42 theme AGER 2105:2108 arg1 expression 2091:2100 expression 2091:2100 expression of AGER 2091:2108 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 13 42 theme AGER 2105:2108 arg1 numbers 2056:2062 increased numbers 2046:2062 increased numbers of mast cells in colon 2046:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 1 43 theme abdominal 216:224 arg1 pain 226:229 abdominal pain 216:229 abdominal pain 216:229 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 1 44 theme & 158:158 arg1 AIMS 160:163 BACKGROUND & AIMS 147:163 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 147:266 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 4 45 theme METHODS 605:611 arg1 mice 621:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice 605:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice 605:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were gavaged with lactose, with or without the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine, or saline (controls) daily for 3 weeks. 31711923 13 46 theme cells 2072:2076 arg1 expression 2091:2100 expression 2091:2100 expression of AGER 2091:2108 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 13 46 theme cells 2072:2076 arg1 numbers 2056:2062 increased numbers 2046:2062 increased numbers of mast cells in colon 2046:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 9 47 theme abdominal 1393:1401 arg1 sensitivity 1403:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 7 48 theme filament 1102:1109 arg1 assays 1111:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 Abdominal sensitivity was measured by electromyography and mechanical von Frey filament assays. 31711923 8 49 dep glycosylation 1262:1274 arg1 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 8 49 dep glycosylation 1262:1274 arg1 receptor 1297:1304 end-product specific receptor 1276:1304 advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1253:1311 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 7 50 theme von 1093:1095 arg1 assays 1111:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 mechanical von Frey filament assays 1082:1116 Abdominal sensitivity was measured by electromyography and mechanical von Frey filament assays. 31711923 3 51 theme FODMAPs 485:491 arg1 ingestion 472:480 ingestion 472:480 ingestion of FODMAPs 472:491 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 2 52 from disaccharides 312:324 arg1 low 275:277 low 275:277 low 275:277 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 13 53 theme increased 2046:2054 arg1 numbers 2056:2062 increased numbers 2046:2062 increased numbers of mast cells in colon 2046:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 1 54 theme erratic 246:252 arg1 habits 260:265 erratic bowel habits 246:265 erratic bowel habits 246:265 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 2 55 from monosaccharides 327:341 arg1 low 275:277 low 275:277 low 275:277 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 9 56 contain had 1379:1381 arg2 sensitivity 1403:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 56 contain had 1379:1381 arg1 Mice 1322:1325 RESULTS Mice 1314:1325 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides 1314:1377 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 3 57 theme visceral 513:520 arg1 hypersensitivity 522:537 IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity 504:537 IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice 504:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 1 58 theme bowel 175:179 arg1 IBS 191:193 IBS 191:193 IBS 191:193 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 1 58 theme bowel 175:179 arg1 syndrome 181:188 Irritable bowel syndrome 165:188 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 165:194 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 9 59 from expression 1500:1509 arg1 numbers 1465:1471 increased numbers 1455:1471 increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1455:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 15 60 theme abdominal 2319:2327 arg1 pain 2329:2332 abdominal pain 2319:2332 abdominal pain 2319:2332 Our findings indicate that preventing glycation reactions might reduce abdominal pain in patients with IBS with sensitivity to FODMAPs. 31711923 15 61 with IBS 2351:2353 arg1 sensitivity 2360:2370 sensitivity 2360:2370 sensitivity to FODMAPs 2360:2381 Our findings indicate that preventing glycation reactions might reduce abdominal pain in patients with IBS with sensitivity to FODMAPs. 31711923 9 62 theme increased 1455:1463 arg1 numbers 1465:1471 increased numbers 1455:1471 increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1455:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 63 from colon 1490:1494 arg1 numbers 1465:1471 increased numbers 1455:1471 increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1455:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 8 64 theme mast 1224:1227 arg1 cells 1229:1233 mast cells 1224:1233 mast cells 1224:1233 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 14 65 theme mice 2242:2245 arg1 microbiota 2228:2237 fecal microbiota 2222:2237 fecal microbiota of mice 2222:2245 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not produce alterations in fecal microbiota of mice. 31711923 12 66 theme compounds 1781:1789 arg1 analysis 1760:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis 1741:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples 1741:1806 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 0 67 theme Colonic 131:137 arg1 Mucosa 139:144 Colonic Mucosa 131:144 Colonic Mucosa 131:144 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 3 68 theme fermentation 551:562 arg1 products 564:571 fermentation products 551:571 fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice 551:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 3 69 theme intestinal 576:585 arg1 microbes 587:594 intestinal microbes 576:594 intestinal microbes in mice 576:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 5 70 contain containing 788:797 arg2 fructo-oligosaccharides 799:821 fructo-oligosaccharides 799:821 fructo-oligosaccharides 799:821 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 5 70 contain containing 788:797 arg1 diet 783:786 a diet 781:786 a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides 781:821 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 13 71 from numbers 2056:2062 arg1 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 colon 2081:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 9 72 theme cells 1481:1485 arg1 numbers 1465:1471 increased numbers 1455:1471 increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1455:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 3 73 theme microbes 587:594 arg1 products 564:571 fermentation products 551:571 fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice 551:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 5 74 theme normal 877:882 arg1 controls 895:902 controls 895:902 controls 895:902 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 5 74 theme normal 877:882 arg1 diet 889:892 a normal chow diet 875:892 a normal chow diet (controls) 875:903 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 7 75 theme Abdominal 1023:1031 arg1 sensitivity 1033:1043 Abdominal sensitivity 1023:1043 Abdominal sensitivity 1023:1043 Abdominal sensitivity was measured by electromyography and mechanical von Frey filament assays. 31711923 8 76 theme glycosylation 1262:1274 arg1 expression 1239:1248 expression 1239:1248 expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1239:1311 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 8 76 theme glycosylation 1262:1274 arg1 cells 1229:1233 mast cells 1224:1233 mast cells 1224:1233 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 13 77 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 1965:1987 arg1 administration 1936:1949 oral administration 1931:1949 oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice 1931:1995 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 12 78 theme carbonyl 1772:1779 arg1 compounds 1781:1789 carbonyl compounds 1772:1789 carbonyl compounds 1772:1789 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 15 79 theme glycation 2286:2294 arg1 reactions 2296:2304 glycation reactions 2286:2304 glycation reactions 2286:2304 Our findings indicate that preventing glycation reactions might reduce abdominal pain in patients with IBS with sensitivity to FODMAPs. 31711923 6 80 theme gene 973:976 arg1 sequencing 978:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 Feces were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. 31711923 8 81 theme specific 1288:1295 arg1 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 AGER 1307:1310 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 8 81 theme specific 1288:1295 arg1 receptor 1297:1304 end-product specific receptor 1276:1304 advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER) 1253:1311 Colon tissues were collected from some mice and analyzed by histology and immunofluorescence to quantify mast cells and expression of advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER). 31711923 0 82 theme Glycation 78:86 arg1 Processes 88:96 Glycation Processes 78:96 Glycation Processes 78:96 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 1 83 theme BACKGROUND 147:156 arg1 AIMS 160:163 BACKGROUND & AIMS 147:163 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 147:266 BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and erratic bowel habits. 31711923 12 84 theme Mass 1741:1744 arg1 analysis 1760:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis 1741:1767 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples 1741:1806 Mass spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds in fecal samples identified signatures associated with mice given lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides vs controls. 31711923 6 85 theme ribosomal 959:967 arg1 sequencing 978:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 ribosomal RNA gene sequencing 959:987 Feces were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. 31711923 4 86 theme antiglycation 673:685 arg1 pyridoxamine 693:704 the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine 669:704 the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine 669:704 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were gavaged with lactose, with or without the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine, or saline (controls) daily for 3 weeks. 31711923 2 87 from low 275:277 arg1 FODMAPs 357:363 FODMAPs 357:363 FODMAPs 357:363 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 2 87 from low 275:277 arg1 monosaccharides 327:341 monosaccharides 327:341 monosaccharides 327:341 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 2 87 from low 275:277 arg1 polyols 348:354 polyols 348:354 polyols 348:354 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 2 87 from low 275:277 arg1 disaccharides 312:324 disaccharides 312:324 disaccharides 312:324 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 2 87 from low 275:277 arg1 oligosaccharides 294:309 fermentable oligosaccharides 282:309 fermentable oligosaccharides 282:309 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 13 88 theme lactose 1954:1960 arg1 administration 1936:1949 oral administration 1931:1949 oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice 1931:1995 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 0 89 theme Mast 110:113 arg1 Density 120:126 Mast Cell Density 110:126 Mast Cell Density 110:126 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 13 90 theme antiglycation 2142:2154 arg1 agent 2156:2160 an antiglycation agent 2139:2160 an antiglycation agent 2139:2160 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 9 91 theme colon 1548:1552 arg1 epithelium 1554:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 proximal colon epithelium 1539:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 0 92 from Sensitivity 54:64 arg1 Mice 69:72 Mice 69:72 Mice 69:72 Lactose and Fructo-oligosaccharides Increase Visceral Sensitivity in Mice via Glycation Processes, Increasing Mast Cell Density in Colonic Mucosa. 31711923 3 93 from microbes 587:594 arg1 mice 599:602 mice 599:602 mice 599:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 6 94 theme community 1003:1011 arg1 analyses 1013:1020 bacterial community analyses 993:1020 bacterial community analyses 993:1020 Feces were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. 31711923 13 95 dep CONCLUSIONS 1905:1915 arg1 found 1920:1924 found 1920:1924 found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent 1920:2160 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 3 96 from mice 599:602 arg1 products 564:571 fermentation products 551:571 fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice 551:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 31711923 2 97 theme IBS 389:391 arg1 symptoms 377:384 symptoms 377:384 symptoms of IBS 377:391 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 5 98 theme mice 767:770 arg1 mice 767:770 mice 767:770 mice 767:770 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 5 98 theme mice 767:770 arg1 group 758:762 A separate group 747:762 A separate group of mice 747:770 A separate group of mice were fed a diet containing fructo-oligosaccharides, with or without pyridoxamine in drinking water, or a normal chow diet (controls) for 6 weeks. 31711923 2 99 theme fermentation 425:436 arg1 products 438:445 microbial fermentation products 415:445 microbial fermentation products 415:445 A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) can reduce symptoms of IBS, possibly by reducing microbial fermentation products. 31711923 4 100 theme C57Bl/6 613:619 arg1 mice 621:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice 605:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice 605:624 METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were gavaged with lactose, with or without the antiglycation agent pyridoxamine, or saline (controls) daily for 3 weeks. 31711923 11 101 theme microbiota 1729:1738 arg1 composition 1704:1714 the composition 1700:1714 the composition of the fecal microbiota 1700:1738 Lactose and/or pyridoxamine did not induce significant alterations in the composition of the fecal microbiota. 31711923 13 102 theme mast 2067:2070 arg1 cells 2072:2076 mast cells 2067:2076 mast cells in colon 2067:2085 CONCLUSIONS We found that oral administration of lactose or fructo-oligosaccharides to mice increases abdominal sensitivity, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of AGER; these can be prevented with an antiglycation agent. 31711923 9 103 theme increased 1383:1391 arg1 sensitivity 1403:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 increased abdominal sensitivity 1383:1413 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 104 from numbers 1465:1471 arg1 expression 1500:1509 expression 1500:1509 expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium 1500:1563 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 9 104 from numbers 1465:1471 arg1 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 colon 1490:1494 RESULTS Mice gavaged with lactose or fed fructo-oligosaccharides had increased abdominal sensitivity compared with controls, associated with increased numbers of mast cells in colon and expression of the receptor for AGER in proximal colon epithelium. 31711923 3 105 theme IBS-like 504:511 arg1 hypersensitivity 522:537 IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity 504:537 IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice 504:602 We investigated whether ingestion of FODMAPs can induce IBS-like visceral hypersensitivity mediated by fermentation products of intestinal microbes in mice. 30223056 2 0 theme conventional 367:378 arg1 requirement 389:399 conventional critical requirement 367:399 conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI 367:427 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 2 1 theme mechanical 594:603 arg1 properties 605:614 improved mechanical properties 585:614 improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests 585:651 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 1 2 theme one-step 198:205 arg1 method 218:223 a "one-step" synthesis method 195:223 a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions 195:303 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 2 3 theme aqueous 525:531 arg1 solvent 533:539 aqueous solvent 525:539 aqueous solvent 525:539 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 4 4 from activator 863:871 arg1 cases 884:888 certain cases 876:888 certain cases 876:888 This method implied that absolute dryness might not be necessary for using CDI as activator in certain cases. 30223056 2 5 theme improved 585:592 arg1 properties 605:614 improved mechanical properties 585:614 improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests 585:651 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 4 6 theme certain 876:882 arg1 cases 884:888 certain cases 876:888 certain cases 876:888 This method implied that absolute dryness might not be necessary for using CDI as activator in certain cases. 30223056 1 7 theme mild 289:292 arg1 conditions 294:303 mild conditions 289:303 mild conditions 289:303 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 2 8 theme compressive 635:645 arg1 tests 647:651 compressive tests 635:651 compressive tests 635:651 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 2 9 dep requirement 389:399 arg1 contrast 355:362 contrast 355:362 contrast 355:362 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 1 10 theme " 206:206 arg1 method 218:223 a "one-step" synthesis method 195:223 a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions 195:303 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 0 11 theme extracellular 59:71 arg1 gels 88:91 extracellular matrix-mimetic gels 59:91 extracellular matrix-mimetic gels 59:91 Synthesis of chemically crosslinked pullulan/gelatin-based extracellular matrix-mimetic gels. 30223056 1 12 theme synthesis 208:216 arg1 method 218:223 a "one-step" synthesis method 195:223 a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions 195:303 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 5 13 link crosslinked 1001:1011 arg1 gels 1042:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 2 14 theme absolute 404:411 arg1 dryness 413:419 absolute dryness 404:419 absolute dryness 404:419 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 3 15 theme underlying 749:758 arg1 mechanisms 769:778 the underlying reaction mechanisms 745:778 the underlying reaction mechanisms 745:778 UV-Visible spectroscopy, NMR spectrum, TEM and SEM analysis have been employed to evaluate the underlying reaction mechanisms. 30223056 5 16 theme tissue 1092:1097 arg1 engineering 1099:1109 tissue engineering 1092:1109 tissue engineering 1092:1109 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 1 17 theme pullulan/gelatin-based 114:135 arg1 scaffolds 184:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 1 17 theme pullulan/gelatin-based 114:135 arg1 gels 137:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 0 18 theme crosslinked 24:34 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of chemically crosslinked 0:34 Synthesis of chemically crosslinked pullulan/gelatin-based extracellular matrix-mimetic gels. 30223056 3 19 theme reaction 760:767 arg1 mechanisms 769:778 the underlying reaction mechanisms 745:778 the underlying reaction mechanisms 745:778 UV-Visible spectroscopy, NMR spectrum, TEM and SEM analysis have been employed to evaluate the underlying reaction mechanisms. 30223056 5 20 theme efficient 935:943 arg1 approach 945:952 a new rapid and efficient approach 919:952 a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 919:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 5 21 theme great 973:977 arg1 gels 1042:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 5 21 theme great 973:977 arg1 variety 979:985 a great variety 971:985 a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 971:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 3 22 theme UV-Visible 654:663 arg1 spectroscopy 665:676 UV-Visible spectroscopy 654:676 UV-Visible spectroscopy 654:676 UV-Visible spectroscopy, NMR spectrum, TEM and SEM analysis have been employed to evaluate the underlying reaction mechanisms. 30223056 2 23 theme gels 479:482 arg1 formation 466:474 the formation 462:474 the formation of gels 462:482 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 5 24 theme gels 1042:1045 arg1 gels 1042:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 5 24 theme gels 1042:1045 arg1 variety 979:985 a great variety 971:985 a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 971:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 2 25 theme solvent 533:539 arg1 presence 513:520 the presence 509:520 the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time 509:566 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 5 26 theme drug 1115:1118 arg1 delivery 1120:1127 drug delivery 1115:1127 drug delivery 1115:1127 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 2 27 dep properties 605:614 arg1 demonstrated 619:630 demonstrated 619:630 demonstrated by compressive tests 619:651 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 1 28 theme first 326:330 arg1 time 332:335 the first time 322:335 the first time 322:335 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 5 29 theme promising 1050:1058 arg1 platform 1069:1076 promising material platform 1050:1076 promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 1050:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 1 30 theme potential 145:153 arg1 scaffolds 184:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 1 30 theme potential 145:153 arg1 gels 137:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 0 31 theme matrix-mimetic 73:86 arg1 gels 88:91 extracellular matrix-mimetic gels 59:91 extracellular matrix-mimetic gels 59:91 Synthesis of chemically crosslinked pullulan/gelatin-based extracellular matrix-mimetic gels. 30223056 1 32 from activator 265:273 arg1 DMSO 278:281 DMSO 278:281 DMSO 278:281 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 5 33 theme material 1060:1067 arg1 platform 1069:1076 promising material platform 1050:1076 promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 1050:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 1 34 theme extracellular 155:167 arg1 scaffolds 184:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 1 34 theme extracellular 155:167 arg1 gels 137:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 5 35 theme polysaccharide/protein-based 1013:1040 arg1 gels 1042:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 5 36 theme potential 1078:1086 arg1 platform 1069:1076 promising material platform 1050:1076 promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 1050:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 1 37 theme matrix-mimetic 169:182 arg1 scaffolds 184:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds 145:192 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 1 37 theme matrix-mimetic 169:182 arg1 gels 137:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 pullulan/gelatin-based gels 114:140 In order to develop pullulan/gelatin-based gels as potential extracellular matrix-mimetic scaffolds, a "one-step" synthesis method using 1,1'‑carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) as activator in DMSO under mild conditions was reported for the first time. 30223056 2 38 theme shorter 555:561 arg1 time 563:566 a much shorter time 548:566 a much shorter time 548:566 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 5 39 theme rapid 925:929 arg1 approach 945:952 a new rapid and efficient approach 919:952 a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 919:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 5 40 theme new 921:923 arg1 approach 945:952 a new rapid and efficient approach 919:952 a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications 919:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 3 41 theme NMR 679:681 arg1 spectrum 683:690 NMR spectrum 679:690 NMR spectrum 679:690 UV-Visible spectroscopy, NMR spectrum, TEM and SEM analysis have been employed to evaluate the underlying reaction mechanisms. 30223056 5 42 theme crosslinked 1001:1011 arg1 gels 1042:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels 990:1045 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 2 43 theme dryness 413:419 arg1 requirement 389:399 conventional critical requirement 367:399 conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI 367:427 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 5 44 dep engineering 1099:1109 arg1 applications 1129:1140 applications 1129:1140 applications 1129:1140 This method also represents a new rapid and efficient approach for synthesizing a great variety of chemically crosslinked polysaccharide/protein-based gels as promising material platform potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. 30223056 4 45 theme absolute 806:813 arg1 dryness 815:821 absolute dryness 806:821 absolute dryness 806:821 This method implied that absolute dryness might not be necessary for using CDI as activator in certain cases. 30223056 2 46 theme critical 380:387 arg1 requirement 389:399 conventional critical requirement 367:399 conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI 367:427 Particularly, in contrast to conventional critical requirement of absolute dryness for CDI, it was interesting to find that the formation of gels could be accomplished in the presence of aqueous solvent within a much shorter time, while obtaining improved mechanical properties as demonstrated by compressive tests. 30223056 3 47 dep spectroscopy 665:676 arg1 analysis 705:712 analysis 705:712 analysis 705:712 UV-Visible spectroscopy, NMR spectrum, TEM and SEM analysis have been employed to evaluate the underlying reaction mechanisms. 29857110 1 0 theme efficient 144:152 arg1 catalysts 182:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts 144:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions 144:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 5 1 theme potential 1417:1425 arg1 candidate 1427:1435 a potential candidate 1415:1435 a potential candidate to address the industrial needs and economic and environmental concerns 1415:1507 These advantages make it a potential candidate to address the industrial needs and economic and environmental concerns. 29857110 2 2 theme magnetic 329:336 arg1 chitosan 338:345 magnetic chitosan 329:345 magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 329:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 3 theme sulfides 858:865 arg1 oxidation 845:853 the chemoselective oxidation 826:853 the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents 826:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 4 4 theme mild 1130:1133 arg1 times 1162:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 4 theme mild 1130:1133 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 4 theme mild 1130:1133 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 5 dep cheap 1037:1041 arg1 preparation 1020:1030 preparation 1020:1030 preparation 1020:1030 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 5 dep cheap 1037:1041 arg1 from 1032:1035 from 1032:1035 from 1032:1035 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 6 from reusability 1227:1237 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 6 from reusability 1227:1237 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 7 theme cheap 1037:1041 arg1 reagent 1070:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 7 theme cheap 1037:1041 arg1 advantages 1355:1364 some prominent advantages 1340:1364 some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst 1340:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 8 dep Fourier 535:541 arg1 transform 543:551 transform 543:551 transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) 543:734 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 9 theme X-ray 584:588 arg1 XRD 603:605 XRD 603:605 XRD 603:605 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 9 theme X-ray 584:588 arg1 diffraction 590:600 X-ray diffraction 584:600 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 584:606 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 10 theme significant 1289:1299 arg1 degradation 1301:1311 a significant degradation 1287:1311 a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1287:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 3 11 theme organic 977:983 arg1 solvents 985:992 any organic solvents 973:992 any organic solvents 973:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 3 12 theme catalytic 747:755 arg1 activity 757:764 the catalytic activity 743:764 the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst 743:794 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 3 13 theme green 897:901 arg1 H2O2 887:890 H2O2 887:890 H2O2 887:890 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 3 13 theme green 897:901 arg1 oxidant 903:909 a green oxidant 895:909 a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents 895:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 1 14 theme inexpensive 155:165 arg1 catalysts 182:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts 144:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions 144:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 5 15 dep industrial 1452:1461 arg1 needs 1463:1467 needs 1463:1467 needs 1463:1467 These advantages make it a potential candidate to address the industrial needs and economic and environmental concerns. 29857110 5 15 dep industrial 1452:1461 arg1 concerns 1500:1507 concerns 1500:1507 concerns 1500:1507 These advantages make it a potential candidate to address the industrial needs and economic and environmental concerns. 29857110 4 16 theme catalytic 1316:1324 arg1 activity 1326:1333 catalytic activity 1316:1333 catalytic activity 1316:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 609:625 arg1 TGA 637:639 TGA 637:639 TGA 637:639 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 17 theme thermogravimetric 609:625 arg1 analysis 627:634 thermogravimetric analysis 609:634 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 609:640 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 18 theme electron 667:674 arg1 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 18 theme electron 667:674 arg1 microscopy 676:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy 643:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 643:694 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 19 theme short 1147:1151 arg1 times 1162:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 19 theme short 1147:1151 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 20 theme recoverable 428:438 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 21 from degradation 1301:1311 arg1 activity 1326:1333 catalytic activity 1316:1333 catalytic activity 1316:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 22 theme scanning 658:665 arg1 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 22 theme scanning 658:665 arg1 microscopy 676:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy 643:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 643:694 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 23 from mixture 1199:1205 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 23 from mixture 1199:1205 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 24 theme eco-friendly 1113:1124 arg1 times 1162:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 24 theme eco-friendly 1113:1124 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 24 theme eco-friendly 1113:1124 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 1 25 theme recyclable 171:180 arg1 catalysts 182:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts 144:190 efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions 144:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 0 26 theme Magnetic 0:7 arg1 chitosan 9:16 Magnetic chitosan 0:16 Magnetic chitosan 0:16 Magnetic chitosan composite as a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides. 29857110 4 27 theme catalyst 1380:1387 arg1 reagent 1070:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 27 theme catalyst 1380:1387 arg1 advantages 1355:1364 some prominent advantages 1340:1364 some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst 1340:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 28 theme emission 649:656 arg1 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 28 theme emission 649:656 arg1 microscopy 676:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy 643:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 643:694 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 29 theme ambient 914:920 arg1 temperature 922:932 ambient temperature 914:932 ambient temperature 914:932 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 1 30 theme catalysts 182:190 arg1 topic 274:278 a very marvelous topic 257:278 a very marvelous topic 257:278 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 1 30 theme catalysts 182:190 arg1 Development 129:139 Development 129:139 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions 129:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 1 31 theme marvelous 264:272 arg1 topic 274:278 a very marvelous topic 257:278 a very marvelous topic 257:278 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 1 31 theme marvelous 264:272 arg1 Development 129:139 Development 129:139 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions 129:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 2 32 theme field 643:647 arg1 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 FE-SEM 688:693 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 32 theme field 643:647 arg1 microscopy 676:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy 643:685 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) 643:694 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 33 dep yields 954:959 arg1 solvents 985:992 any organic solvents 973:992 any organic solvents 973:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 2 34 theme cost-effective 396:409 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 35 theme infrared 553:560 arg1 FT-IR 576:580 FT-IR 576:580 FT-IR 576:580 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 35 theme infrared 553:560 arg1 spectroscopy 562:573 infrared spectroscopy 553:573 infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 553:581 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 36 with oxidant 903:909 arg1 good 941:944 good 941:944 good 941:944 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 2 37 theme safe 390:393 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 0 38 theme green 33:37 arg1 support 39:45 a green support 31:45 a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides 31:126 Magnetic chitosan composite as a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides. 29857110 4 39 contain carrying 1079:1086 arg2 reactions 1096:1104 the reactions 1092:1104 the reactions 1092:1104 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 39 contain carrying 1079:1086 arg1 reagent 1070:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 39 contain carrying 1079:1086 arg1 advantages 1355:1364 some prominent advantages 1340:1364 some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst 1340:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 40 theme consecutive 1260:1270 arg1 cycles 1272:1277 four consecutive cycles 1255:1277 four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1255:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 41 theme novel 352:356 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 42 theme efficient 366:374 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 0 43 theme sulfides 119:126 arg1 oxidation 106:114 the oxidation 102:114 the oxidation of sulfides 102:126 Magnetic chitosan composite as a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides. 29857110 2 44 theme different 505:513 arg1 techniques 515:524 different techniques 505:524 different techniques 505:524 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 45 theme prominent 1345:1353 arg1 reagent 1070:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 45 theme prominent 1345:1353 arg1 advantages 1355:1364 some prominent advantages 1340:1364 some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst 1340:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 46 theme novel 1374:1378 arg1 catalyst 1380:1387 this novel catalyst 1369:1387 this novel catalyst 1369:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 47 theme reaction 1153:1160 arg1 times 1162:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 short reaction times 1147:1166 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 47 theme reaction 1153:1160 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 48 theme heterogeneous 440:452 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 350:469 nano-biocatalyst 454:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 4 49 theme catalyst 1242:1249 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 49 theme catalyst 1242:1249 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 3 50 from temperature 922:932 arg1 H2O2 887:890 H2O2 887:890 H2O2 887:890 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 3 50 from temperature 922:932 arg1 oxidant 903:909 a green oxidant 895:909 a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents 895:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 4 51 theme easy 1169:1172 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 51 theme easy 1169:1172 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 52 theme available 1060:1068 arg1 reagent 1070:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent 1009:1076 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 52 theme available 1060:1068 arg1 advantages 1355:1364 some prominent advantages 1340:1364 some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst 1340:1387 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 53 theme reaction 1190:1197 arg1 mixture 1199:1205 reaction mixture 1190:1205 reaction mixture 1190:1205 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 3 54 theme high 949:952 arg1 yields 954:959 high yields 949:959 high yields without use 949:971 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 1 55 theme mild 213:216 arg1 conditions 237:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 2 56 theme diphenyl 295:302 arg1 diselenide 304:313 diphenyl diselenide 295:313 diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst 295:469 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 57 theme nano-biocatalyst 779:794 arg1 activity 757:764 the catalytic activity 743:764 the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst 743:794 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 0 58 theme diphenyl 61:68 arg1 diselenide 70:79 diphenyl diselenide 61:79 diphenyl diselenide 61:79 Magnetic chitosan composite as a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides. 29857110 0 58 theme diphenyl 61:68 arg1 biocatalyst 86:96 a biocatalyst 84:96 a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides 84:126 Magnetic chitosan composite as a green support for anchoring diphenyl diselenide as a biocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides. 29857110 4 59 from recoverability 1208:1221 arg1 separation 1174:1183 easy separation 1169:1183 easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity 1169:1333 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 4 59 from recoverability 1208:1221 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 the eco-friendly and mild conditions 1109:1144 Additionally, the easily preparation from cheap and commercially available reagent, carrying out the reactions in the eco-friendly and mild conditions, short reaction times, easy separation from reaction mixture, recoverability and reusability of catalyst for four consecutive cycles without a significant degradation in catalytic activity, are some prominent advantages of this novel catalyst. 29857110 2 60 theme sample 710:715 arg1 VSM 731:733 VSM 731:733 VSM 731:733 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 60 theme sample 710:715 arg1 magnetometer 717:728 vibrating sample magnetometer 700:728 vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) 700:734 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 61 theme chemoselective 830:843 arg1 oxidation 845:853 the chemoselective oxidation 826:853 the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents 826:992 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 1 62 theme green 222:226 arg1 conditions 237:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 29857110 2 63 theme vibrating 700:708 arg1 VSM 731:733 VSM 731:733 VSM 731:733 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 2 63 theme vibrating 700:708 arg1 magnetometer 717:728 vibrating sample magnetometer 700:728 vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) 700:734 In this work, diphenyl diselenide stabilized on magnetic chitosan as a novel, highly efficient, ecologically safe, cost-effective and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous nano-biocatalyst was prepared and characterized by different techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). 29857110 3 64 theme resultant 769:777 arg1 nano-biocatalyst 779:794 resultant nano-biocatalyst 769:794 resultant nano-biocatalyst 769:794 Then, the catalytic activity of resultant nano-biocatalyst was effectively appraised for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as a green oxidant at ambient temperature with a good to high yields without use any organic solvents. 29857110 1 65 theme reaction 228:235 arg1 conditions 237:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 mild and green reaction conditions 213:246 Development of efficient, inexpensive and recyclable catalysts for a reaction under mild and green reaction conditions is still a very marvelous topic. 30903675 13 0 theme rat 1848:1850 arg1 cord 1879:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord 1848:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 2 1 theme hopeful 270:276 arg1 biomaterials 235:246 Implanting biomaterials 224:246 Implanting biomaterials 224:246 Implanting biomaterials have been regarded as hopeful strategies to restore neurological function. 30903675 2 1 theme hopeful 270:276 arg1 strategies 278:287 hopeful strategies to restore neurological function 270:320 hopeful strategies to restore neurological function 270:320 Implanting biomaterials have been regarded as hopeful strategies to restore neurological function. 30903675 7 2 theme freeze-drying 726:738 arg1 technology 740:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 13 3 theme significant 1813:1823 arg1 effects 1837:1843 significant therapeutic effects 1813:1843 significant therapeutic effects 1813:1843 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 5 4 theme composite 484:492 arg1 biomaterials 494:505 The composite biomaterials 480:505 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan 480:530 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan were also adopted to balance both compatibility and strength. 30903675 6 5 theme Female 594:599 arg1 rats 616:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats 594:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats 594:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a T8 complete-transection SCI model. 30903675 9 6 theme neurological 1244:1255 arg1 recovery 1257:1264 neurological recovery 1244:1264 neurological recovery 1244:1264 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 2 7 theme neurological 300:311 arg1 function 313:320 neurological function 300:320 neurological function 300:320 Implanting biomaterials have been regarded as hopeful strategies to restore neurological function. 30903675 1 8 theme severe 175:180 arg1 motor 182:186 severe motor 175:186 severe motor 175:186 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 12 9 theme profiles 1742:1749 arg1 regeneration 1751:1762 BDA profiles regeneration 1738:1762 BDA profiles regeneration 1738:1762 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 7 10 theme collagen/chitosan 694:710 arg1 scaffold 712:719 collagen/chitosan scaffold 694:719 C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) 689:750 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 9 11 theme somatosensory-evoked 1119:1138 arg1 potential 1140:1148 somatosensory-evoked potential 1119:1148 somatosensory-evoked potential 1119:1148 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 12 theme Decreased 1028:1036 arg1 latency 1038:1044 Decreased latency 1028:1044 Decreased latency 1028:1044 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 7 13 theme C/C 689:691 arg1 Scaffolds 676:684 Scaffolds 676:684 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) 676:817 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 14 14 dep © 1963:1963 arg1 Inc. 1989:1992 Inc. 1989:1992 Inc. 1989:1992 © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 30903675 12 15 theme dextran 1600:1606 arg1 BDA 1615:1617 BDA 1615:1617 BDA 1615:1617 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 12 15 theme dextran 1600:1606 arg1 amine 1608:1612 biotin dextran amine 1593:1612 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 11 16 dep locomotor 1435:1443 arg1 angle 1459:1463 angle 1459:1463 angle 1459:1463 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 11 16 dep locomotor 1435:1443 arg1 score 1450:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 4 17 theme 3D 397:398 arg1 technology 409:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 In this study, a novel 3D printing technology was used to fabricate the scaffold with designed structure. 30903675 6 18 theme complete-transection 644:663 arg1 model 669:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a T8 complete-transection SCI model. 30903675 9 19 theme increased 1050:1058 arg1 amplitude 1060:1068 increased amplitude 1050:1068 increased amplitude 1050:1068 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 0 20 theme neurological 73:84 arg1 recovery 86:93 neurological recovery 73:93 neurological recovery 73:93 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 2 21 theme Implanting 224:233 arg1 biomaterials 235:246 Implanting biomaterials 224:246 Implanting biomaterials 224:246 Implanting biomaterials have been regarded as hopeful strategies to restore neurological function. 30903675 2 21 theme Implanting 224:233 arg1 strategies 278:287 hopeful strategies to restore neurological function 270:320 hopeful strategies to restore neurological function 270:320 Implanting biomaterials have been regarded as hopeful strategies to restore neurological function. 30903675 7 22 dep C/C 689:691 arg1 scaffold 712:719 collagen/chitosan scaffold 694:719 C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) 689:750 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 10 23 theme imaging 1302:1308 arg1 tracking 1273:1280 Fiber tracking 1267:1280 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 1267:1314 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 10 24 theme diffusion 1285:1293 arg1 DTI 1311:1313 DTI 1311:1313 DTI 1311:1313 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 10 24 theme diffusion 1285:1293 arg1 imaging 1302:1308 diffusion tensor imaging 1285:1308 diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 1285:1314 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 0 25 theme cord 108:111 arg1 injury 113:118 spinal cord injury 101:118 spinal cord injury 101:118 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 3 26 theme optimized 335:343 arg1 scaffold 345:352 no optimized scaffold 332:352 no optimized scaffold 332:352 However, no optimized scaffold has been available. 30903675 9 27 theme motor-evoked 1092:1103 arg1 potential 1105:1113 motor-evoked potential 1092:1113 motor-evoked potential 1092:1113 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 8 28 theme 3D-C/C 883:888 arg1 implants 890:897 3D-C/C implants 883:897 3D-C/C implants 883:897 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 10 29 from lesion 1354:1359 arg1 group 1371:1375 3D-C/C group 1364:1375 3D-C/C group 1364:1375 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 4 30 theme designed 460:467 arg1 structure 469:477 designed structure 460:477 designed structure 460:477 In this study, a novel 3D printing technology was used to fabricate the scaffold with designed structure. 30903675 0 31 theme 3D 0:1 arg1 scaffold 30:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 13 32 from effects 1837:1843 arg1 model 1884:1888 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 9 33 theme 3D-C/C 1153:1158 arg1 group 1160:1164 3D-C/C group 1153:1164 3D-C/C group compared with SCI 1153:1182 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 13 34 theme spinal 1872:1877 arg1 cord 1879:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord 1848:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 0 35 theme collagen/chitosan 12:28 arg1 scaffold 30:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 1 36 theme Spinal 121:126 arg1 SCI 141:143 SCI 141:143 SCI 141:143 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 1 36 theme Spinal 121:126 arg1 injury 133:138 Spinal cord injury 121:138 Spinal cord injury (SCI) 121:144 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 1 36 theme Spinal 121:126 arg1 disaster 151:158 a disaster 149:158 a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders 149:221 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 8 37 theme locomotor 922:930 arg1 function 932:939 locomotor function 922:939 locomotor function 922:939 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 11 38 theme inclined 1468:1475 arg1 plane 1477:1481 inclined plane 1468:1481 inclined plane 1468:1481 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 7 39 theme 3D 795:796 arg1 technology 807:816 3D printing technology 795:816 3D printing technology 795:816 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 9 40 dep potential 1105:1113 arg1 both 1084:1087 both 1084:1087 both 1084:1087 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 13 41 theme therapeutic 1933:1943 arg1 approach 1945:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach 1906:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI 1906:1960 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 15 42 theme Part 2013:2016 arg1 A 2018:2018 Part A 2013:2018 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 1994:2042 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 30903675 15 43 dep 107A 2021:2024 arg1 1898-1908 2027:2035 1898-1908 2027:2035 1898-1908 2027:2035 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 30903675 10 44 theme 3D-C/C 1364:1369 arg1 group 1371:1375 3D-C/C group 1364:1375 3D-C/C group 1364:1375 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 6 45 theme T8 641:642 arg1 model 669:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a T8 complete-transection SCI model. 30903675 8 46 theme inclined 1012:1019 arg1 plane 1021:1025 inclined plane 1012:1025 inclined plane 1012:1025 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 8 47 theme Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan 963:985 arg1 score 993:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 13 48 theme therapeutic 1825:1835 arg1 effects 1837:1843 significant therapeutic effects 1813:1843 significant therapeutic effects 1813:1843 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg1 potential 1140:1148 somatosensory-evoked potential 1119:1148 somatosensory-evoked potential 1119:1148 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg2 amplitude 1060:1068 increased amplitude 1050:1068 increased amplitude 1050:1068 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg1 group 1191:1195 C/C group 1187:1195 C/C group 1187:1195 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg1 potential 1105:1113 motor-evoked potential 1092:1113 motor-evoked potential 1092:1113 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg1 group 1160:1164 3D-C/C group 1153:1164 3D-C/C group compared with SCI 1153:1182 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 9 49 located observed 1075:1082 arg2 latency 1038:1044 Decreased latency 1028:1044 Decreased latency 1028:1044 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 7 50 with 3D-C/C 755:760 arg1 technology 740:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 7 50 with 3D-C/C 755:760 arg1 technology 807:816 3D printing technology 795:816 3D printing technology 795:816 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 4 51 used used 424:427 arg2 technology 409:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 In this study, a novel 3D printing technology was used to fabricate the scaffold with designed structure. 30903675 13 52 theme promising 1908:1916 arg1 approach 1945:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach 1906:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI 1906:1960 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 13 53 theme 3D-C/C 1783:1788 arg1 scaffolds 1790:1798 our 3D-C/C scaffolds 1779:1798 our 3D-C/C scaffolds 1779:1798 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 4 54 theme novel 391:395 arg1 technology 409:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 In this study, a novel 3D printing technology was used to fabricate the scaffold with designed structure. 30903675 12 55 theme BDA 1738:1740 arg1 profiles 1742:1749 BDA profiles 1738:1749 BDA profiles regeneration 1738:1762 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 6 56 theme Sprague-Dawley 601:614 arg1 rats 616:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats 594:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats 594:619 Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a T8 complete-transection SCI model. 30903675 12 57 theme regeneration 1751:1762 arg1 degree 1728:1733 the largest degree 1716:1733 the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration 1716:1762 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 9 58 theme recovery 1257:1264 arg1 improvement 1229:1239 the improvement 1225:1239 the improvement of neurological recovery 1225:1264 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 12 59 theme -positive 1619:1627 arg1 profiles 1636:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 13 60 theme innovative 1922:1931 arg1 approach 1945:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach 1906:1952 a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI 1906:1960 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 12 61 theme biotin 1593:1598 arg1 BDA 1615:1617 BDA 1615:1617 BDA 1615:1617 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 12 61 theme biotin 1593:1598 arg1 amine 1608:1612 biotin dextran amine 1593:1612 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 10 62 theme most 1327:1330 arg1 fibers 1332:1337 the most fibers 1323:1337 the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group 1323:1375 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 1 63 theme cord 128:131 arg1 SCI 141:143 SCI 141:143 SCI 141:143 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 1 63 theme cord 128:131 arg1 injury 133:138 Spinal cord injury 121:138 Spinal cord injury (SCI) 121:144 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 1 63 theme cord 128:131 arg1 disaster 151:158 a disaster 149:158 a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders 149:221 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 12 64 theme amine 1608:1612 arg1 profiles 1636:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 4 65 theme printing 400:407 arg1 technology 409:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 a novel 3D printing technology 389:418 In this study, a novel 3D printing technology was used to fabricate the scaffold with designed structure. 30903675 11 66 theme DTI 1492:1494 arg1 parameters 1496:1505 the DTI parameters 1488:1505 the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) 1488:1536 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 11 66 theme DTI 1492:1494 arg1 values 1530:1535 fractional anisotropy values 1508:1535 fractional anisotropy values 1508:1535 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 8 67 theme plane 1021:1025 arg1 elevation 950:958 the elevation 946:958 the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 946:997 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 8 67 theme plane 1021:1025 arg1 angle 1003:1007 angle 1003:1007 angle of inclined plane 1003:1025 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 12 68 theme C/C 1562:1564 arg1 implants 1566:1573 C/C implants 1562:1573 C/C implants 1562:1573 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 10 69 theme Fiber 1267:1271 arg1 tracking 1273:1280 Fiber tracking 1267:1280 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 1267:1314 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 12 70 theme 3D-C/C 1690:1695 arg1 scaffold 1697:1704 3D-C/C scaffold 1690:1704 3D-C/C scaffold 1690:1704 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 11 71 theme fractional 1508:1517 arg1 anisotropy 1519:1528 fractional anisotropy 1508:1528 fractional anisotropy values 1508:1535 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 5 72 theme collagen 510:517 arg1 biomaterials 494:505 The composite biomaterials 480:505 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan 480:530 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan were also adopted to balance both compatibility and strength. 30903675 12 73 theme largest 1720:1726 arg1 degree 1728:1733 the largest degree 1716:1733 the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration 1716:1762 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 11 74 theme plane 1477:1481 arg1 angle 1459:1463 angle 1459:1463 angle 1459:1463 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 11 74 theme plane 1477:1481 arg1 score 1450:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 11 75 theme anisotropy 1519:1528 arg1 parameters 1496:1505 the DTI parameters 1488:1505 the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) 1488:1536 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 11 75 theme anisotropy 1519:1528 arg1 values 1530:1535 fractional anisotropy values 1508:1535 fractional anisotropy values 1508:1535 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 15 76 dep Res 2009:2011 arg1 107A 2021:2024 107A 2021:2024 107A 2021:2024 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 30903675 15 76 dep Res 2009:2011 arg1 A 2018:2018 Part A 2013:2018 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 1994:2042 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1898-1908, 2019. 30903675 0 77 theme spinal 101:106 arg1 injury 113:118 spinal cord injury 101:118 spinal cord injury 101:118 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 5 78 theme chitosan 523:530 arg1 biomaterials 494:505 The composite biomaterials 480:505 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan 480:530 The composite biomaterials of collagen and chitosan were also adopted to balance both compatibility and strength. 30903675 10 79 theme tensor 1295:1300 arg1 DTI 1311:1313 DTI 1311:1313 DTI 1311:1313 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 10 79 theme tensor 1295:1300 arg1 imaging 1302:1308 diffusion tensor imaging 1285:1308 diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) 1285:1314 Fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed the most fibers traversing the lesion in 3D-C/C group. 30903675 8 80 theme SCI 865:867 arg1 group 876:880 SCI or C/C group 865:880 group 876:880 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 8 81 theme C/C 872:874 arg1 group 876:880 SCI or C/C group 865:880 group 876:880 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 8 82 from elevation 950:958 arg1 score 993:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 7 83 theme collagen/chitosan 763:779 arg1 scaffold 781:788 collagen/chitosan scaffold 763:788 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) 755:817 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 11 84 theme BBB 1446:1448 arg1 score 1450:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 BBB score 1446:1454 Meanwhile, we observed that the correlations between the locomotor (BBB score or angle of inclined plane) and the DTI parameters (fractional anisotropy values) were positive. 30903675 0 85 theme printing 3:10 arg1 scaffold 30:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold 0:37 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 6 86 theme SCI 665:667 arg1 model 669:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 a T8 complete-transection SCI model 639:673 Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a T8 complete-transection SCI model. 30903675 7 87 with C/C 689:691 arg1 technology 740:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 freeze-drying technology 726:749 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 7 87 with C/C 689:691 arg1 technology 807:816 3D printing technology 795:816 3D printing technology 795:816 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 12 88 theme neural 1629:1634 arg1 profiles 1636:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles 1593:1643 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 9 89 theme C/C 1187:1189 arg1 group 1191:1195 C/C group 1187:1195 C/C group 1187:1195 Decreased latency and increased amplitude were observed both in motor-evoked potential and somatosensory-evoked potential in 3D-C/C group compared with SCI or C/C group, which further demonstrated the improvement of neurological recovery. 30903675 13 90 theme cord 1879:1882 arg1 model 1884:1888 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 0 91 theme axon 51:54 arg1 regeneration 56:67 axon regeneration 51:67 axon regeneration 51:67 3D printing collagen/chitosan scaffold ameliorated axon regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. 30903675 12 92 theme SCI 1659:1661 arg1 group 1663:1667 SCI group 1659:1667 SCI group 1659:1667 Although C/C implants markedly enhanced biotin dextran amine (BDA)-positive neural profiles compared with SCI group, rats implanted with 3D-C/C scaffold displayed the largest degree of BDA profiles regeneration. 30903675 7 93 dep 3D-C/C 755:760 arg1 scaffold 781:788 collagen/chitosan scaffold 763:788 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) 755:817 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 7 94 theme printing 798:805 arg1 technology 807:816 3D printing technology 795:816 3D printing technology 795:816 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 30903675 13 95 theme complete-transected 1852:1870 arg1 cord 1879:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord 1848:1882 rat complete-transected spinal cord model 1848:1888 Collectively, our 3D-C/C scaffolds demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on rat complete-transected spinal cord model, which provides a promising and innovative therapeutic approach for SCI. 30903675 8 96 from angle 1003:1007 arg1 score 993:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score 963:997 Compared with SCI or C/C group, 3D-C/C implants significantly promoted locomotor function with the elevation in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and angle of inclined plane. 30903675 1 97 theme functional 202:211 arg1 disorders 213:221 functional disorders 202:221 functional disorders 202:221 Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disaster that can cause severe motor, sensory, and functional disorders. 30903675 7 98 theme 3D-C/C 755:760 arg1 Scaffolds 676:684 Scaffolds 676:684 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) 676:817 Scaffolds of C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with freeze-drying technology) or 3D-C/C (collagen/chitosan scaffold with 3D printing technology) were implanted into the lesion. 31413245 4 0 theme stable 908:913 arg1 dispersions 915:925 stable dispersions 908:925 stable dispersions 908:925 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 6 1 theme TEQ 1271:1273 arg1 vesicles 1275:1282 TEQ vesicles 1271:1282 TEQ vesicles 1271:1282 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 4 2 theme SDDs 794:797 arg1 SDDs 794:797 SDDs 794:797 SDDs 794:797 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 2 theme SDDs 794:797 arg1 % 756:756 8 to 16% 749:756 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles 749:772 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 2 theme SDDs 794:797 arg1 vesicles 765:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 2 theme SDDs 794:797 arg1 % 781:781 1.2% or less 778:789 1.2% or less of SDDs 778:797 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 5 3 theme AO 1168:1169 arg1 theory 1172:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 3 4 theme dextrin 662:668 arg1 polymer 707:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 4 theme dextrin 662:668 arg1 SDD 682:684 SDD 682:684 SDD 682:684 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 4 theme dextrin 662:668 arg1 derivative 670:679 a specific dextrin derivative 651:679 a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) 651:685 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 4 theme dextrin 662:668 arg1 dispersions 505:515 stable dispersions 498:515 stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 498:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 2 5 theme particles 340:348 arg1 behavior 320:327 the separation behavior 305:327 the separation behavior of various particles 305:348 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 6 6 theme dispersions 1258:1268 arg1 viscosity 1235:1243 the structural viscosity 1220:1243 the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) 1220:1292 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 6 7 dep dispersions 1258:1268 arg1 SDDs 1288:1291 SDDs 1288:1291 SDDs 1288:1291 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 6 7 dep dispersions 1258:1268 arg1 vesicles 1275:1282 TEQ vesicles 1271:1282 TEQ vesicles 1271:1282 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 3 8 theme depletion 532:540 arg1 effect 542:547 the depletion effect 528:547 the depletion effect 528:547 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 6 9 theme mixed 1252:1256 arg1 dispersions 1258:1268 the mixed dispersions 1248:1268 the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) 1248:1292 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 5 10 from theory 1172:1177 arg1 similar 1113:1119 similar 1113:1119 similar 1113:1119 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 4 11 theme composition 723:733 arg1 region 735:740 the composition region 719:740 the composition region 719:740 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 5 12 theme depletion 1128:1136 arg1 effect 1138:1143 the depletion effect 1124:1143 the depletion effect 1124:1143 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 3 13 theme non-adsorptive 692:705 arg1 polymer 707:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 13 theme non-adsorptive 692:705 arg1 derivative 670:679 a specific dextrin derivative 651:679 a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) 651:685 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 13 theme non-adsorptive 692:705 arg1 dispersions 505:515 stable dispersions 498:515 stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 498:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 14 theme stable 498:503 arg1 polymer 707:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 14 theme stable 498:503 arg1 dispersions 505:515 stable dispersions 498:515 stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 498:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 14 theme stable 498:503 arg1 derivative 670:679 a specific dextrin derivative 651:679 a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) 651:685 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 5 15 theme SDD 1026:1028 arg1 size 1030:1033 SDD size 1026:1033 SDD size 1026:1033 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 2 16 dep wherein 405:411 arg1 state 433:437 a stable dispersion state 413:437 wherein a stable dispersion state 405:437 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 0 17 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 Viscosity 11:19 Structural Viscosity 0:19 Structural Viscosity 0:19 Structural Viscosity Induced by Depletion Effect in Stable Vesicle Dispersion. 31413245 4 18 dep 16 754:755 arg1 to 751:752 to 751:752 to 751:752 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 2 19 theme dispersion 422:431 arg1 state 433:437 a stable dispersion state 413:437 wherein a stable dispersion state 405:437 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 5 20 theme size 1030:1033 arg1 effects 983:989 the effects 979:989 the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy 979:1081 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 1 21 from terms 277:281 arg1 viscosity 228:236 the viscosity 224:236 the viscosity 224:236 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 1 21 from terms 277:281 arg1 advantageous 261:272 advantageous 261:272 advantageous 261:272 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 1 22 theme structural 89:98 arg1 viscosity 100:108 structural viscosity 89:108 structural viscosity 89:108 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 2 23 theme stable 415:420 arg1 state 433:437 a stable dispersion state 413:437 wherein a stable dispersion state 405:437 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 4 24 theme structural 944:953 arg1 viscosity 955:963 structural viscosity 944:963 structural viscosity 944:963 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 5 25 theme structural 1042:1051 arg1 viscosity 1053:1061 structural viscosity 1042:1061 structural viscosity 1042:1061 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 1 26 theme dispersed 190:198 arg1 particles 200:208 dispersed particles 190:208 dispersed particles 190:208 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 5 27 dep viscosity 1053:1061 arg1 the 1038:1040 the 1038:1040 the 1038:1040 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 1 28 from advantageous 261:272 arg1 terms 277:281 terms 277:281 terms of usability 277:294 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 4 29 theme TEQ 761:763 arg1 vesicles 765:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 1 30 theme particles 200:208 arg1 separation 176:185 separation 176:185 separation of dispersed particles 176:208 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 1 31 theme usability 286:294 arg1 terms 277:281 terms 277:281 terms of usability 277:294 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 6 32 theme structural 1224:1233 arg1 viscosity 1235:1243 the structural viscosity 1220:1243 the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) 1220:1292 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 5 33 theme TEQ 994:996 arg1 effects 983:989 the effects 979:989 the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy 979:1081 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 1 34 theme colloidal 113:121 arg1 dispersions 123:133 colloidal dispersions 113:133 colloidal dispersions 113:133 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 1 34 theme colloidal 113:121 arg1 capsules 157:164 capsules 157:164 capsules 157:164 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 1 34 theme colloidal 113:121 arg1 vesicles 144:151 vesicles 144:151 vesicles 144:151 Producing structural viscosity in colloidal dispersions, such as vesicles and capsules, prevents separation of dispersed particles by increasing the viscosity between them, which is advantageous in terms of usability. 31413245 2 35 theme few 392:394 arg1 examples 396:403 very few examples 387:403 very few examples 387:403 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 4 36 theme particle 859:866 arg1 concentration 868:880 the particle concentration 855:880 the particle concentration 855:880 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 3 37 theme vesicles 564:571 arg1 mixtures 552:559 mixtures 552:559 mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 552:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 0 38 theme Depletion 32:40 arg1 Effect 42:47 Depletion Effect 32:47 Depletion Effect 32:47 Structural Viscosity Induced by Depletion Effect in Stable Vesicle Dispersion. 31413245 3 39 theme triethanolamine-based 609:629 arg1 TEQ 642:644 TEQ 642:644 TEQ 642:644 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 39 theme triethanolamine-based 609:629 arg1 esterquat 631:639 triethanolamine-based esterquat 609:639 triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 609:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 0 40 theme Stable 52:57 arg1 Dispersion 67:76 Stable Vesicle Dispersion 52:76 Stable Vesicle Dispersion 52:76 Structural Viscosity Induced by Depletion Effect in Stable Vesicle Dispersion. 31413245 5 41 theme cohesive 1067:1074 arg1 energy 1076:1081 cohesive energy 1067:1081 cohesive energy 1067:1081 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 5 42 theme concentrations 1006:1019 arg1 effects 983:989 the effects 979:989 the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy 979:1081 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 6 43 theme aggregated 1314:1323 arg1 networks 1337:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks 1310:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation 1310:1382 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 2 44 theme various 332:338 arg1 particles 340:348 various particles 332:348 various particles 332:348 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 4 45 theme vesicles 765:772 arg1 SDDs 794:797 SDDs 794:797 SDDs 794:797 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 45 theme vesicles 765:772 arg1 % 756:756 8 to 16% 749:756 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles 749:772 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 45 theme vesicles 765:772 arg1 vesicles 765:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 TEQ vesicles 761:772 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 4 45 theme vesicles 765:772 arg1 % 781:781 1.2% or less 778:789 1.2% or less of SDDs 778:797 In the composition region, where 8 to 16% of TEQ vesicles and 1.2% or less of SDDs were mixed, the viscosity increased proportionally with the particle concentration, and it was observed that stable dispersions were produced by structural viscosity. 31413245 5 46 theme SDD 1002:1004 arg1 concentrations 1006:1019 SDD concentrations 1002:1019 SDD concentrations 1002:1019 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 3 47 theme specific 653:660 arg1 polymer 707:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 a non-adsorptive polymer 690:713 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 47 theme specific 653:660 arg1 SDD 682:684 SDD 682:684 SDD 682:684 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 47 theme specific 653:660 arg1 derivative 670:679 a specific dextrin derivative 651:679 a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) 651:685 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 47 theme specific 653:660 arg1 dispersions 505:515 stable dispersions 498:515 stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 498:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 48 attach derived 596:602 arg2 surfactant 585:594 cationic surfactant 576:594 cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 576:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 48 attach derived 596:602 arg1 TEQ 642:644 TEQ 642:644 TEQ 642:644 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 3 48 attach derived 596:602 arg1 esterquat 631:639 triethanolamine-based esterquat 609:639 triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 609:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 2 49 theme separation 309:318 arg1 behavior 320:327 the separation behavior 305:327 the separation behavior of various particles 305:348 So far, the separation behavior of various particles has been studied; however, there are very few examples wherein a stable dispersion state was constructed and controlled. 31413245 6 50 theme depletion 1361:1369 arg1 flocculation 1371:1382 the depletion flocculation 1357:1382 the depletion flocculation 1357:1382 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 5 51 from effects 983:989 arg1 energy 1076:1081 cohesive energy 1067:1081 cohesive energy 1067:1081 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 5 51 from effects 983:989 arg1 viscosity 1053:1061 structural viscosity 1042:1061 structural viscosity 1042:1061 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 6 52 theme vesicle 1329:1335 arg1 networks 1337:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks 1310:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation 1310:1382 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 3 53 theme cationic 576:583 arg1 surfactant 585:594 cationic surfactant 576:594 cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 576:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 0 54 theme Vesicle 59:65 arg1 Dispersion 67:76 Stable Vesicle Dispersion 52:76 Stable Vesicle Dispersion 52:76 Structural Viscosity Induced by Depletion Effect in Stable Vesicle Dispersion. 31413245 5 55 from similar 1113:1119 arg1 theory 1172:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 31413245 3 56 theme surfactant 585:594 arg1 vesicles 564:571 vesicles 564:571 vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) 564:645 In this study, we produced stable dispersions induced by the depletion effect in mixtures of vesicles of cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine-based esterquat (TEQ) and a specific dextrin derivative (SDD) as a non-adsorptive polymer. 31413245 6 57 theme TEQ 1325:1327 arg1 networks 1337:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks 1310:1344 the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation 1310:1382 From the results, it was suggested that the structural viscosity of the mixed dispersions (TEQ vesicles and SDDs) was produced by the aggregated TEQ vesicle networks induced by the depletion flocculation. 31413245 5 58 theme Asakura-Oosawa 1152:1165 arg1 theory 1172:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory 1148:1177 Furthermore, the effects of TEQ and SDD concentrations, and SDD size on the structural viscosity and cohesive energy were investigated, which were similar to the depletion effect in the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) theory. 30400326 0 0 theme Early 107:111 arg1 Response 126:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response. 30400326 1 1 from lots 215:218 arg1 medicine 254:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 4 2 theme TNF-α 669:673 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 2 theme TNF-α 669:673 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 0 3 theme Monocyte/Macrophage 87:105 arg1 Response 126:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response. 30400326 4 4 theme inflammatory 780:791 arg1 index 793:797 an inflammatory index 777:797 an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 777:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 3 5 theme friendly 411:418 arg1 system 445:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 5 6 theme calcium 1036:1042 arg1 release 1044:1050 calcium release 1036:1050 calcium release from build-up substrates 1036:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 6 7 theme required 1226:1233 arg1 balance 1256:1262 required inflammation-healing balance 1226:1262 required inflammation-healing balance 1226:1262 Herein, our findings indicate a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA in providing required inflammation-healing balance, favorable for bone healing/regeneration. 30400326 4 8 theme MCP-1 676:680 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 8 theme MCP-1 676:680 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 0 9 theme Inflammatory 113:124 arg1 Response 126:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response 87:133 Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response. 30400326 6 10 theme bone 1279:1282 arg1 healing/regeneration 1284:1303 bone healing/regeneration 1279:1303 bone healing/regeneration 1279:1303 Herein, our findings indicate a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA in providing required inflammation-healing balance, favorable for bone healing/regeneration. 30400326 5 11 theme release 1044:1050 arg1 role 1003:1006 a potential role 991:1006 a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates 991:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 4 12 dep 1.5 805:807 arg1 CaP 839:841 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP 817:841 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP 817:841 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 12 dep 1.5 805:807 arg1 stimulation 851:861 LPS stimulation 847:861 LPS stimulation 847:861 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 13 theme pro-inflammatory 697:712 arg1 mediators 714:722 pro-inflammatory mediators 697:722 pro-inflammatory mediators 697:722 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 3 14 theme phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic 507:535 arg1 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 14 theme phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic 507:535 arg1 substrate 542:550 calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate 499:550 bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA) 470:563 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 6 15 theme CaP-CHI-HA 1202:1211 arg1 potential 1189:1197 a great potential 1181:1197 a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA 1181:1211 Herein, our findings indicate a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA in providing required inflammation-healing balance, favorable for bone healing/regeneration. 30400326 4 16 theme LPS 847:849 arg1 stimulation 851:861 LPS stimulation 847:861 LPS stimulation 847:861 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 5 17 from substrates 1066:1075 arg1 composition 1020:1030 chemical composition 1011:1030 chemical composition 1011:1030 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 5 17 from substrates 1066:1075 arg1 release 1044:1050 calcium release 1036:1050 calcium release from build-up substrates 1036:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 5 17 from substrates 1066:1075 arg1 role 1003:1006 a potential role 991:1006 a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates 991:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 3 18 theme acid 537:540 arg1 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 18 theme acid 537:540 arg1 substrate 542:550 calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate 499:550 bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA) 470:563 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 0 19 theme Calcium 10:16 arg1 Phosphates 18:27 Calcium Phosphates 10:27 Calcium Phosphates 10:27 Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response. 30400326 5 20 from role 1003:1006 arg1 substrates 1066:1075 build-up substrates 1057:1075 build-up substrates 1057:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 3 21 theme osteoinductive 484:497 arg1 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 21 theme osteoinductive 484:497 arg1 substrate 542:550 calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate 499:550 bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA) 470:563 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 5 22 theme CD44 888:891 arg1 receptor 909:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 4 23 theme TGF-β 647:651 arg1 factors 660:666 TGF-β growth factors 647:666 TGF-β growth factors 647:666 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 5 24 theme chemical 1011:1018 arg1 composition 1020:1030 chemical composition 1011:1030 chemical composition 1011:1030 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 3 25 theme calcium 499:505 arg1 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 25 theme calcium 499:505 arg1 substrate 542:550 calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate 499:550 bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA) 470:563 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 26 theme spray-assisted 430:443 arg1 system 445:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 2 27 theme regeneration/implants 344:364 arg1 integration 366:376 tissue regeneration/implants integration 337:376 tissue regeneration/implants integration 337:376 While inflammation is required for bone healing, its exacerbation alters tissue regeneration/implants integration. 30400326 5 28 theme acid 904:907 arg1 receptor 909:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 4 29 theme factors 660:666 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 29 theme factors 660:666 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 2 30 theme tissue 337:342 arg1 integration 366:376 tissue regeneration/implants integration 337:376 tissue regeneration/implants integration 337:376 While inflammation is required for bone healing, its exacerbation alters tissue regeneration/implants integration. 30400326 1 31 theme bone 236:239 arg1 medicine 254:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 3 32 theme bioactive 470:478 arg1 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 CaP-CHI-HA 553:562 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 3 32 theme bioactive 470:478 arg1 substrate 542:550 calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate 499:550 bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA) 470:563 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 4 33 theme growth 653:658 arg1 factors 660:666 TGF-β growth factors 647:666 TGF-β growth factors 647:666 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 3 34 used used 456:459 arg2 system 445:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 1 35 theme attention 223:231 arg1 attention 223:231 attention 223:231 attention 223:231 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 1 35 theme attention 223:231 arg1 lots 215:218 lots 215:218 lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine 215:261 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 1 36 theme regenerative 241:252 arg1 medicine 254:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 bone regenerative medicine 236:261 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 4 37 theme anti-inflammatory 739:755 arg1 cytokine 757:764 anti-inflammatory cytokine 739:764 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 5 38 theme intracellular 1095:1107 arg1 expression 1109:1118 the intracellular expression 1091:1118 the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor 1091:1148 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 5 39 theme hyaluronic 893:902 arg1 receptor 909:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor 888:916 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 0 40 theme Bone-Inspired 53:65 arg1 Material 67:74 A Bone-Inspired Material 51:74 A Bone-Inspired Material 51:74 Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response. 30400326 5 41 theme composition 1020:1030 arg1 role 1003:1006 a potential role 991:1006 a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates 991:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 4 42 theme VEGF 638:641 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 42 theme VEGF 638:641 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 6 43 theme inflammation-healing 1235:1254 arg1 balance 1256:1262 required inflammation-healing balance 1226:1262 required inflammation-healing balance 1226:1262 Herein, our findings indicate a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA in providing required inflammation-healing balance, favorable for bone healing/regeneration. 30400326 4 44 theme pro-healing 626:636 arg1 VEGF 638:641 pro-healing VEGF 626:641 pro-healing VEGF 626:641 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 5 45 theme calcium-sensing 1125:1139 arg1 receptor 1141:1148 a calcium-sensing receptor 1123:1148 a calcium-sensing receptor 1123:1148 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 1 46 theme inorganic 147:155 arg1 calcium/phosphate 157:173 inorganic calcium/phosphate 147:173 inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers 147:203 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 4 47 theme following 829:837 arg1 CaP 839:841 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP 817:841 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP 817:841 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 48 theme IL-6 683:686 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 48 theme IL-6 683:686 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 5 49 theme build-up 1057:1064 arg1 substrates 1066:1075 build-up substrates 1057:1075 build-up substrates 1057:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 5 50 theme receptor 1141:1148 arg1 expression 1109:1118 the intracellular expression 1091:1118 the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor 1091:1148 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 2 51 theme bone 299:302 arg1 healing 304:310 bone healing 299:310 bone healing 299:310 While inflammation is required for bone healing, its exacerbation alters tissue regeneration/implants integration. 30400326 1 52 theme calcium/phosphate 157:173 arg1 use 140:142 The use 136:142 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers 136:203 The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. 30400326 5 53 theme potential 993:1001 arg1 role 1003:1006 a potential role 991:1006 a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates 991:1075 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 3 54 theme bone 391:394 arg1 composition 396:406 bone composition 391:406 bone composition 391:406 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30400326 5 55 theme inflammatory 950:961 arg1 regulation 963:972 the inflammatory regulation 946:972 the inflammatory regulation 946:972 Although CD44 hyaluronic acid receptor seems not to be involved in the inflammatory regulation, results suggest a potential role of chemical composition and calcium release from build-up substrates, in affecting the intracellular expression of a calcium-sensing receptor. 30400326 4 56 theme IL-8 692:695 arg1 secretion 613:621 a secretion 611:621 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 56 theme IL-8 692:695 arg1 IL-10 733:737 IL-10 733:737 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 57 dep VEGF 638:641 arg1 mediators 714:722 pro-inflammatory mediators 697:722 pro-inflammatory mediators 697:722 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 4 58 dep IL-10 733:737 arg1 cytokine 757:764 anti-inflammatory cytokine 739:764 a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively) 611:876 Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine along with an inflammatory index below 1.5 (versus 2.5 and 7.5 following CaP and LPS stimulation, respectively). 30400326 6 59 theme great 1183:1187 arg1 potential 1189:1197 a great potential 1181:1197 a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA 1181:1211 Herein, our findings indicate a great potential of CaP-CHI-HA in providing required inflammation-healing balance, favorable for bone healing/regeneration. 30400326 3 60 theme automated 420:428 arg1 system 445:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 a friendly automated spray-assisted system 409:450 Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). 30871189 2 0 theme dilute 493:498 arg1 solutions 508:516 dilute aqueous solutions 493:516 dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) 493:573 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 1 theme ambient 592:598 arg1 conditions 600:609 ambient conditions 592:609 ambient conditions 592:609 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 4 2 theme polarization 929:940 arg1 ability 942:948 its circular polarization ability 916:948 its circular polarization ability 916:948 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 1 3 theme considerable 160:171 arg1 attention 173:181 considerable attention 160:181 considerable attention 160:181 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 2 4 theme rhodamine 535:543 arg1 B 545:545 rhodamine B 535:545 rhodamine B 535:545 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 5 5 theme grade 990:994 arg1 paper 996:1000 commercial grade paper 979:1000 commercial grade paper 979:1000 We further demonstrate that commercial grade paper may endow luminophores with CPL activity, which reifies the universality of the method. 30871189 5 6 theme commercial 979:988 arg1 paper 996:1000 commercial grade paper 979:1000 commercial grade paper 979:1000 We further demonstrate that commercial grade paper may endow luminophores with CPL activity, which reifies the universality of the method. 30871189 2 7 dep B 545:545 arg1 dots 555:558 carbon dots 548:558 carbon dots 548:558 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 7 dep B 545:545 arg1 dots 569:572 polymer dots 561:572 polymer dots 561:572 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 8 theme right-handed 289:300 arg1 twist 302:306 a stable right-handed twist 280:306 a stable right-handed twist 280:306 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 9 with drying 579:584 arg1 CPL. 375:378 CPL. 375:378 CPL. 375:378 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 10 theme luminophores 521:532 arg1 solutions 508:516 dilute aqueous solutions 493:516 dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) 493:573 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 3 11 theme 0.03 734:737 arg1 factor 718:723 a dissymmetry factor 704:723 a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03 704:737 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 2 12 theme stable 282:287 arg1 twist 302:306 a stable right-handed twist 280:306 a stable right-handed twist 280:306 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 4 13 theme bacterial 771:779 arg1 cellulose 781:789 bacterial cellulose 771:789 bacterial cellulose 771:789 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 4 14 theme supramolecular 865:878 arg1 chemistry 880:888 supramolecular chemistry 865:888 supramolecular chemistry 865:888 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 5 15 theme CPL 1030:1032 arg1 activity 1034:1041 CPL activity 1030:1041 CPL activity 1030:1041 We further demonstrate that commercial grade paper may endow luminophores with CPL activity, which reifies the universality of the method. 30871189 3 16 with luminescence 686:697 arg1 factor 718:723 a dissymmetry factor 704:723 a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03 704:737 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 0 17 theme Bacterial 0:8 arg1 Cellulose 10:18 Bacterial Cellulose 0:18 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 0:82 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 30871189 5 18 theme method 1082:1087 arg1 universality 1062:1073 the universality 1058:1073 the universality of the method 1058:1087 We further demonstrate that commercial grade paper may endow luminophores with CPL activity, which reifies the universality of the method. 30871189 1 19 theme capable 94:100 arg1 Materials 84:92 Materials 84:92 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) 84:143 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 1 20 theme promising 193:201 arg1 applications 213:224 their promising potential applications 187:224 their promising potential applications 187:224 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 4 21 theme asymmetric 809:818 arg1 environment 820:830 a primary asymmetric environment 799:830 a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability 799:948 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 2 22 dep luminophores 521:532 arg1 B 545:545 rhodamine B 535:545 rhodamine B 535:545 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 4 23 theme chiral 753:758 arg1 centers 760:766 The multiple chiral centers 740:766 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose 740:789 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 1 24 theme potential 203:211 arg1 applications 213:224 their promising potential applications 187:224 their promising potential applications 187:224 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 2 25 theme carbon 548:553 arg1 dots 555:558 carbon dots 548:558 carbon dots 548:558 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 25 theme carbon 548:553 arg1 dots 569:572 polymer dots 561:572 polymer dots 561:572 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 4 26 theme multiple 744:751 arg1 centers 760:766 The multiple chiral centers 740:766 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose 740:789 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 2 27 theme composite 404:412 arg1 film 414:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 0 28 theme Chiral 33:38 arg1 Host 40:43 A Versatile Chiral Host 21:43 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 0:82 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 30871189 2 29 theme chiral 336:341 arg1 host 343:346 a potential chiral host 324:346 a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions 324:609 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 3 30 with BC 657:658 arg1 luminescence 686:697 circularly polarized luminescence 665:697 circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03 665:737 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 2 31 theme BC 401:402 arg1 film 414:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 0 32 theme Versatile 23:31 arg1 Host 40:43 A Versatile Chiral Host 21:43 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 0:82 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 30871189 2 33 theme cellulose 468:476 arg1 pellicles 478:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 34 theme CPL-active 390:399 arg1 film 414:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 the CPL-active BC composite film 386:417 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 35 theme bacterial 458:466 arg1 pellicles 478:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 3 36 theme luminophores 636:647 arg1 encapsulation 619:631 Simple encapsulation 612:631 Simple encapsulation of luminophores 612:647 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 4 37 theme circular 920:927 arg1 ability 942:948 its circular polarization ability 916:948 its circular polarization ability 916:948 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 1 38 theme polarized 116:124 arg1 CPL 140:142 CPL 140:142 CPL 140:142 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 1 38 theme polarized 116:124 arg1 luminescence 126:137 circularly polarized luminescence 105:137 circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) 105:143 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 2 39 theme impregnating 445:456 arg1 pellicles 478:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles 438:486 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 40 theme Bacterial 227:235 arg1 BC 248:249 BC 248:249 BC 248:249 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 40 theme Bacterial 227:235 arg1 cellulose 237:245 Bacterial cellulose 227:245 Bacterial cellulose (BC) 227:250 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 1 41 theme luminescence 126:137 arg1 capable 94:100 capable 94:100 capable 94:100 Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. 30871189 3 42 dep 0.03 734:737 arg1 to 731:732 to 731:732 to 731:732 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 2 43 theme polymer 561:567 arg1 dots 555:558 carbon dots 548:558 carbon dots 548:558 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 2 43 theme polymer 561:567 arg1 dots 569:572 polymer dots 561:572 polymer dots 561:572 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 3 44 theme Simple 612:617 arg1 encapsulation 619:631 Simple encapsulation 612:631 Simple encapsulation of luminophores 612:647 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 2 45 theme potential 326:334 arg1 host 343:346 a potential chiral host 324:346 a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions 324:609 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 4 46 theme cellulose 781:789 arg1 centers 760:766 The multiple chiral centers 740:766 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose 740:789 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 30871189 2 47 dep CPL. 375:378 arg1 constructed 423:433 constructed 423:433 was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) 419:573 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 0 48 theme Polarized 60:68 arg1 Luminescence 70:81 Circularly Polarized Luminescence 49:81 Circularly Polarized Luminescence 49:81 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 30871189 2 49 with luminophores 357:368 arg1 CPL. 375:378 CPL. 375:378 CPL. 375:378 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 0 50 dep Cellulose 10:18 arg1 Host 40:43 A Versatile Chiral Host 21:43 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 0:82 Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. 30871189 3 51 theme polarized 676:684 arg1 luminescence 686:697 circularly polarized luminescence 665:697 circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03 665:737 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 2 52 theme aqueous 500:506 arg1 solutions 508:516 dilute aqueous solutions 493:516 dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) 493:573 Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. 30871189 3 53 theme dissymmetry 706:716 arg1 factor 718:723 a dissymmetry factor 704:723 a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03 704:737 Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. 30871189 4 54 theme primary 801:807 arg1 environment 820:830 a primary asymmetric environment 799:830 a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability 799:948 The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. 29807080 3 0 theme macromolecular 740:753 arg1 matrixes 774:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes 716:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 716:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 6 1 theme superior 1410:1417 arg1 properties 1444:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties 1410:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1410:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 2 theme young 972:976 arg1 modulus 978:984 young modulus 972:984 young modulus 972:984 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 4 3 theme porous 921:926 arg1 structure 937:945 the porous hydrogel structure 917:945 the porous hydrogel structure 917:945 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 3 4 theme hydrogel 765:772 arg1 matrixes 774:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes 716:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 716:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 6 5 theme efficient 1379:1387 arg1 patches 1397:1403 efficient cardiac patches 1379:1403 efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1379:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 1 6 theme nano-mediated 191:203 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 3 7 theme biological 818:827 arg1 properties 829:838 enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 788:838 properties 829:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 1 8 theme macromolecular 216:229 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 9 from images 1126:1131 arg1 cells 1181:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 1 10 theme PEGylated 232:240 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 11 theme favorable 1029:1037 arg1 adhesion 1044:1051 favorable cell adhesion 1029:1051 favorable cell adhesion 1029:1051 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 0 12 theme repair 142:147 arg1 applications 149:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 5 13 theme excellent 1196:1204 arg1 interactions 1227:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions 1192:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1192:1273 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 3 14 theme current 642:648 arg1 study 650:654 the current study 638:654 the current study 638:654 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 2 15 theme cells 628:632 arg1 adhesion 591:598 cell adhesion 586:598 cell adhesion 586:598 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 15 theme cells 628:632 arg1 organization 604:615 organization 604:615 organization 604:615 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 6 16 theme present 1342:1348 arg1 study 1350:1354 the present study 1338:1354 the present study 1338:1354 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 17 theme cardiomyocytes 1166:1179 arg1 cells 1181:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 6 18 theme investigation 1313:1325 arg1 results 1327:1333 the investigation results 1309:1333 the investigation results of the present study 1309:1354 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 19 from cells 1181:1185 arg1 images 1126:1131 The stained fluorescence images 1101:1131 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells 1101:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 3 20 dep physico-chemical 797:812 arg1 enhanced 788:795 enhanced 788:795 enhanced 788:795 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 1 21 theme tissue 373:378 arg1 repair 380:385 cardiac tissue repair 365:385 cardiac tissue repair 365:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 0 22 from Fabrication 0:10 arg1 composite 90:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite 43:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 43:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 5 23 theme matrix 1220:1225 arg1 interactions 1227:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions 1192:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1192:1273 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 4 24 theme improved 859:866 arg1 NPs 883:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 2 25 theme hydrogel 428:435 arg1 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 25 theme hydrogel 428:435 arg1 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 25 theme hydrogel 428:435 arg1 stability 477:485 mechanical stability 466:485 mechanical stability 466:485 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 25 theme hydrogel 428:435 arg1 matrixes 437:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes 411:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity 411:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 0 26 theme hydrogel 115:122 arg1 system 124:129 bio-active hydrogel system 104:129 bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 104:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 5 27 theme comparable 1240:1249 arg1 interactions 1227:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions 1192:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1192:1273 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 5 28 theme NPs 1298:1300 arg1 absence 1282:1288 the absence 1278:1288 the absence of TiO2 NPs 1278:1300 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 0 29 theme engineered 15:24 arg1 nanoparticles 26:38 engineered nanoparticles 15:38 engineered nanoparticles 15:38 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 0 30 theme PEGylated 70:78 arg1 composite 90:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite 43:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 43:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 1 31 theme tissue 328:333 arg1 applications 335:346 cardiac tissue applications 320:346 cardiac tissue applications 320:346 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 3 32 theme spherical 682:690 arg1 nanoparticles 697:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 0 33 theme macromolecular 54:67 arg1 composite 90:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite 43:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 43:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 5 34 theme hydrogels 1149:1157 arg1 images 1126:1131 The stained fluorescence images 1101:1131 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells 1101:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 3 35 theme active 733:738 arg1 matrixes 774:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes 716:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 716:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 4 36 theme TiO2 878:881 arg1 NPs 883:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 3 37 with matrixes 774:781 arg1 physico-chemical 797:812 physico-chemical 797:812 physico-chemical 797:812 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 3 37 with matrixes 774:781 arg1 properties 829:838 enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 788:838 properties 829:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 1 38 theme hydrogel 252:259 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 39 theme fluorescence 1113:1124 arg1 images 1126:1131 The stained fluorescence images 1101:1131 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells 1101:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 6 40 theme bioactive 1419:1427 arg1 properties 1444:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties 1410:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1410:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 2 41 theme Definite 388:395 arg1 properties 397:406 Definite properties 388:406 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity 388:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 1 42 theme vital 276:280 arg1 approach 282:289 a vital approach 274:289 a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair 274:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 1 42 theme vital 276:280 arg1 development 167:177 The development 163:177 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 163:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 43 theme PEG/CTS 1258:1264 arg1 hydrogel 1266:1273 the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1254:1273 the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1254:1273 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 6 44 theme cardiac 1389:1395 arg1 patches 1397:1403 efficient cardiac patches 1379:1403 efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1379:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 1 45 theme advanced 182:189 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 2 46 dep adhesion 591:598 arg1 the 582:584 the 582:584 the 582:584 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 1 47 theme biological 205:214 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 48 theme hydrogel 928:935 arg1 structure 937:945 the porous hydrogel structure 917:945 the porous hydrogel structure 917:945 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 0 49 theme cardiac 134:140 arg1 applications 149:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 5 50 from hydrogels 1149:1157 arg1 cells 1181:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 the cardiomyocytes cells 1162:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 6 51 theme tissue 1467:1472 arg1 repair 1474:1479 cardiac tissue repair 1459:1479 cardiac tissue repair 1459:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 1 52 theme Chitosan 242:249 arg1 materials 261:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 182:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 6 53 theme study 1350:1354 arg1 results 1327:1333 the investigation results 1309:1333 the investigation results of the present study 1309:1354 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 54 theme cell-hydrogel 1206:1218 arg1 interactions 1227:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions 1192:1238 the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel 1192:1273 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 2 55 theme cardiac 620:626 arg1 cells 628:632 cardiac cells 620:632 cardiac cells 620:632 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 0 56 from system 124:129 arg1 applications 149:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 cardiac repair applications 134:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 6 57 theme mechanical 1433:1442 arg1 properties 1444:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties 1410:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1410:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 58 theme swelling 990:997 arg1 properties 999:1008 swelling properties 990:1008 swelling properties 990:1008 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 0 59 theme chitosan 80:87 arg1 composite 90:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite 43:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 43:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 6 60 with patches 1397:1403 arg1 properties 1444:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties 1410:1453 superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair 1410:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 2 61 theme effective 533:541 arg1 nanoparticles 557:569 effective and non-toxic nanoparticles 533:569 effective and non-toxic nanoparticles 533:569 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 1 62 theme cardiac 365:371 arg1 repair 380:385 cardiac tissue repair 365:385 cardiac tissue repair 365:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 63 theme cardiomyocytes 1079:1092 arg1 cells 1094:1098 the cardiomyocytes cells 1075:1098 the cardiomyocytes cells 1075:1098 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 0 64 theme bio-active 104:113 arg1 system 124:129 bio-active hydrogel system 104:129 bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 104:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 1 65 theme repair 380:385 arg1 treatment 352:360 treatment 352:360 treatment of cardiac tissue repair 352:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 4 66 theme cell 1039:1042 arg1 adhesion 1044:1051 favorable cell adhesion 1029:1051 favorable cell adhesion 1029:1051 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 2 67 theme non-toxic 547:555 arg1 nanoparticles 557:569 effective and non-toxic nanoparticles 533:569 effective and non-toxic nanoparticles 533:569 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 4 68 theme morphological 845:857 arg1 NPs 883:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 2 69 theme chitosan 419:426 arg1 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 69 theme chitosan 419:426 arg1 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 69 theme chitosan 419:426 arg1 stability 477:485 mechanical stability 466:485 mechanical stability 466:485 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 69 theme chitosan 419:426 arg1 matrixes 437:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes 411:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity 411:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 70 theme cell 586:589 arg1 adhesion 591:598 cell adhesion 586:598 cell adhesion 586:598 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 71 theme PEG 411:413 arg1 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 porosity 491:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 71 theme PEG 411:413 arg1 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 swelling 456:463 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 71 theme PEG 411:413 arg1 stability 477:485 mechanical stability 466:485 mechanical stability 466:485 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 2 71 theme PEG 411:413 arg1 matrixes 437:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes 411:444 PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity 411:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 0 72 theme nanoparticles 26:38 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 0:161 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 2 73 theme mechanical 466:475 arg1 stability 477:485 mechanical stability 466:485 mechanical stability 466:485 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 3 74 theme TiO2 692:695 arg1 nanoparticles 697:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 0 75 theme biological 43:52 arg1 composite 90:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite 43:98 biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications 43:160 Fabrication of engineered nanoparticles on biological macromolecular (PEGylated chitosan) composite for bio-active hydrogel system in cardiac repair applications. 29807080 1 76 theme cardiac 320:326 arg1 applications 335:346 cardiac tissue applications 320:346 cardiac tissue applications 320:346 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 3 77 theme engineered 671:680 arg1 nanoparticles 697:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles 671:709 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 29807080 2 78 theme matrixes 437:444 arg1 properties 397:406 Definite properties 388:406 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity 388:498 Definite properties of PEG and chitosan hydrogel matrixes including swelling, mechanical stability and porosity need to be further improved with effective and non-toxic nanoparticles to promote the cell adhesion and organization of cardiac cells. 29807080 1 79 theme applications 335:346 arg1 efficiency 306:315 the efficiency 302:315 the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair 302:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 80 theme TiO2-PEG/CTS 1136:1147 arg1 hydrogels 1149:1157 TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels 1136:1157 TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells 1136:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 6 81 theme cardiac 1459:1465 arg1 repair 1474:1479 cardiac tissue repair 1459:1479 cardiac tissue repair 1459:1479 Thus, the investigation results of the present study clearly suggested that efficient cardiac patches with superior bioactive and mechanical properties for cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 82 theme TiO2 1293:1296 arg1 NPs 1298:1300 TiO2 NPs 1293:1300 TiO2 NPs 1293:1300 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 4 83 theme spherical 868:876 arg1 NPs 883:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs 841:885 The morphological improved spherical TiO2 NPs have been highly dispersed in the porous hydrogel structure and effectively promoted young modulus and swelling properties and also exhibited favorable cell adhesion and organization with the cardiomyocytes cells. 29807080 1 84 theme materials 261:269 arg1 approach 282:289 a vital approach 274:289 a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair 274:385 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 1 84 theme materials 261:269 arg1 development 167:177 The development 163:177 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials 163:269 The development of advanced nano-mediated biological macromolecular (PEGylated Chitosan) hydrogel materials is a vital approach to enhance the efficiency of cardiac tissue applications for treatment of cardiac tissue repair. 29807080 5 85 theme stained 1105:1111 arg1 images 1126:1131 The stained fluorescence images 1101:1131 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells 1101:1185 The stained fluorescence images of TiO2-PEG/CTS hydrogels on the cardiomyocytes cells show the excellent cell-hydrogel matrix interactions comparable to the PEG/CTS hydrogel in the absence of TiO2 NPs. 29807080 3 86 theme PEG/CTS 756:762 arg1 matrixes 774:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes 716:781 the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties 716:838 In the current study, we fabricated engineered spherical TiO2 nanoparticles into the biologically active macromolecular (PEG/CTS) hydrogel matrixes with enhanced physico-chemical and biological properties. 30621142 8 0 theme B 957:957 arg1 snack 959:963 B snack 957:963 B snack 957:963 Snack treatment, and mainly B snack, reduced liver triacylglycerol levels by increasing fat oxidation. 30621142 1 1 theme therapeutic 151:161 arg1 strategy 163:170 a useful therapeutic strategy 142:170 a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD 142:184 Snacks combining different functional ingredients could represent a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD. 30621142 2 2 from flour 285:289 arg1 treatment 298:306 the treatment 294:306 the treatment for NAFLD in rats 294:324 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 4 3 theme snack 530:534 arg1 A 536:536 snack A 530:536 snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) 530:560 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 4 3 theme snack 530:534 arg1 pod 557:559 1/50 wakame/carob pod 539:559 1/50 wakame/carob pod 539:559 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 0 4 theme Liver 61:65 arg1 Disease 67:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 2 5 from NAFLD 312:316 arg1 rats 321:324 rats 321:324 rats 321:324 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 4 6 theme additional 606:615 arg1 weeks 617:621 four additional weeks 601:621 four additional weeks 601:621 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 5 7 theme liver 641:645 arg1 composition 647:657 liver composition 641:657 liver composition 641:657 After sacrifice, liver composition and serum parameters were analyzed. 30621142 0 8 from Effect 0:5 arg1 Disease 67:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 2 9 theme wakame 278:283 arg1 flour 285:289 wakame flour 278:289 wakame flour 278:289 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 10 10 theme interesting 1132:1142 arg1 tool 1144:1147 an interesting tool 1129:1147 an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment 1129:1180 Therefore, this snack formulation could represent an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment. 30621142 6 11 theme triglyceride 820:831 arg1 assembly 833:840 triglyceride assembly 820:840 triglyceride assembly 820:840 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 8 12 theme liver 974:978 arg1 levels 996:1001 liver triacylglycerol levels 974:1001 liver triacylglycerol levels 974:1001 Snack treatment, and mainly B snack, reduced liver triacylglycerol levels by increasing fat oxidation. 30621142 6 13 theme metabolism 733:742 arg1 pathways 705:712 Different pathways 695:712 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver 695:751 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 4 14 theme wakame/carob 579:590 arg1 B 572:572 snack B 566:572 snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) 566:595 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 4 14 theme wakame/carob 579:590 arg1 pod 592:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 5 15 theme serum 663:667 arg1 parameters 669:678 serum parameters 663:678 serum parameters 663:678 After sacrifice, liver composition and serum parameters were analyzed. 30621142 10 16 theme useful 1149:1154 arg1 tool 1144:1147 an interesting tool 1129:1147 an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment 1129:1180 Therefore, this snack formulation could represent an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment. 30621142 6 17 theme triacylglycerol 717:731 arg1 metabolism 733:742 triacylglycerol metabolism 717:742 triacylglycerol metabolism 717:742 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 3 18 theme high-fat 398:405 arg1 diet 421:424 a high-fat high-fructose diet 396:424 a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks 396:441 For this purpose, metabolic syndrome was induced in 50 adult rats by a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks. 30621142 8 19 theme Snack 929:933 arg1 treatment 935:943 Snack treatment 929:943 Snack treatment 929:943 Snack treatment, and mainly B snack, reduced liver triacylglycerol levels by increasing fat oxidation. 30621142 8 20 theme triacylglycerol 980:994 arg1 levels 996:1001 liver triacylglycerol levels 974:1001 liver triacylglycerol levels 974:1001 Snack treatment, and mainly B snack, reduced liver triacylglycerol levels by increasing fat oxidation. 30621142 6 21 theme Different 695:703 arg1 pathways 705:712 Different pathways 695:712 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver 695:751 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 7 22 theme Oxidative 893:901 arg1 stress 903:908 Oxidative stress 893:908 Oxidative stress 893:908 Oxidative stress was also measured. 30621142 4 23 theme snack 566:570 arg1 B 572:572 snack B 566:572 snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) 566:595 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 4 23 theme snack 566:570 arg1 pod 592:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 0 24 theme Wakame 10:15 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 0:74 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 6 25 theme acid 804:807 arg1 synthesis 809:817 fatty acid synthesis 798:817 fatty acid synthesis 798:817 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 1 26 theme different 93:101 arg1 ingredients 114:124 different functional ingredients 93:124 different functional ingredients 93:124 Snacks combining different functional ingredients could represent a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD. 30621142 0 27 theme Pod 27:29 arg1 Snacks 31:36 Carob Pod Snacks 21:36 Carob Pod Snacks 21:36 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 6 28 theme fatty 798:802 arg1 synthesis 809:817 fatty acid synthesis 798:817 fatty acid synthesis 798:817 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 3 29 theme high-fructose 407:419 arg1 diet 421:424 a high-fat high-fructose diet 396:424 a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks 396:441 For this purpose, metabolic syndrome was induced in 50 adult rats by a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks. 30621142 0 30 theme Carob 21:25 arg1 Snacks 31:36 Carob Pod Snacks 21:36 Carob Pod Snacks 21:36 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 6 31 theme glucose 877:883 arg1 uptake 885:890 glucose uptake 877:890 glucose uptake 877:890 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 3 32 theme adult 382:386 arg1 rats 388:391 50 adult rats 379:391 50 adult rats 379:391 For this purpose, metabolic syndrome was induced in 50 adult rats by a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks. 30621142 6 33 theme acid 861:864 arg1 uptake 866:871 fatty acid uptake 855:871 fatty acid uptake 855:871 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 1 34 theme functional 103:112 arg1 ingredients 114:124 different functional ingredients 93:124 different functional ingredients 93:124 Snacks combining different functional ingredients could represent a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD. 30621142 0 35 theme Snacks 31:36 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 0:74 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 4 36 theme calorie 491:497 arg1 diets 499:503 either normal calorie diets 477:503 either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) 477:595 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 6 37 theme acid 782:785 arg1 oxidation 787:795 fatty acid oxidation 776:795 fatty acid oxidation 776:795 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 9 38 theme oxidative 1061:1069 arg1 stress 1071:1076 oxidative stress 1061:1076 oxidative stress 1061:1076 Moreover, this snack reduced oxidative stress. 30621142 2 39 from carob 268:272 arg1 treatment 298:306 the treatment 294:306 the treatment for NAFLD in rats 294:324 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 4 40 theme normal 484:489 arg1 diets 499:503 either normal calorie diets 477:503 either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) 477:595 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 6 41 theme fatty 776:780 arg1 oxidation 787:795 fatty acid oxidation 776:795 fatty acid oxidation 776:795 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 10 42 theme liver 1166:1170 arg1 treatment 1172:1180 fatty liver treatment 1160:1180 fatty liver treatment 1160:1180 Therefore, this snack formulation could represent an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment. 30621142 4 43 theme wakame/carob 544:555 arg1 A 536:536 snack A 530:536 snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) 530:560 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 4 43 theme wakame/carob 544:555 arg1 pod 557:559 1/50 wakame/carob pod 539:559 1/50 wakame/carob pod 539:559 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 2 44 theme formulations 246:257 arg1 effect 226:231 the effect 222:231 the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats 222:324 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 10 45 theme fatty 1160:1164 arg1 treatment 1172:1180 fatty liver treatment 1160:1180 fatty liver treatment 1160:1180 Therefore, this snack formulation could represent an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment. 30621142 0 46 theme Fatty 55:59 arg1 Disease 67:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 2 47 theme present 191:197 arg1 study 199:203 The present study 187:203 The present study 187:203 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 2 48 theme snack 240:244 arg1 formulations 246:257 two snack formulations 236:257 two snack formulations 236:257 The present study aimed to analyze the effect of two snack formulations based on carob and wakame flour in the treatment for NAFLD in rats. 30621142 6 49 from pathways 705:712 arg1 liver 747:751 liver 747:751 liver 747:751 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 4 50 theme 1/5 575:577 arg1 B 572:572 snack B 566:572 snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) 566:595 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 4 50 theme 1/5 575:577 arg1 pod 592:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 1/5 wakame/carob pod 575:594 After this period, rats were fed either normal calorie diets supplemented or not with snack A (1/50 wakame/carob pod) and snack B (1/5 wakame/carob pod) for four additional weeks. 30621142 0 51 theme Non-Alcoholic 41:53 arg1 Disease 67:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 41:73 Effect of Wakame and Carob Pod Snacks on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 30621142 6 52 theme fatty 855:859 arg1 uptake 866:871 fatty acid uptake 855:871 fatty acid uptake 855:871 Different pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism in liver were studied including fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride assembly and release, fatty acid uptake and glucose uptake. 30621142 3 53 theme metabolic 345:353 arg1 syndrome 355:362 metabolic syndrome 345:362 metabolic syndrome 345:362 For this purpose, metabolic syndrome was induced in 50 adult rats by a high-fat high-fructose diet over eight weeks. 30621142 1 54 theme useful 144:149 arg1 strategy 163:170 a useful therapeutic strategy 142:170 a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD 142:184 Snacks combining different functional ingredients could represent a useful therapeutic strategy against NAFLD. 30621142 8 55 theme fat 1017:1019 arg1 oxidation 1021:1029 fat oxidation 1017:1029 fat oxidation 1017:1029 Snack treatment, and mainly B snack, reduced liver triacylglycerol levels by increasing fat oxidation. 30621142 10 56 theme snack 1095:1099 arg1 formulation 1101:1111 this snack formulation 1090:1111 this snack formulation 1090:1111 Therefore, this snack formulation could represent an interesting tool useful for fatty liver treatment. 31717368 6 0 theme HF 848:849 arg1 diet 890:893 an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet 834:893 an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet 834:893 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 1 theme Wistar 752:757 arg1 n 765:765 n = 8/group 765:775 n = 8/group 765:775 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 1 theme Wistar 752:757 arg1 rats 759:762 Male Wistar rats 747:762 Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) 747:776 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 1 2 theme HF 145:146 arg1 diet 149:152 High-fat (HF) diet 135:152 High-fat (HF) diet 135:152 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 10 3 from staining 1238:1245 arg1 brainstem 1254:1262 the brainstem 1250:1262 the brainstem 1250:1262 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 0 4 theme Gut-Brain 89:97 arg1 Signaling 99:107 Gut-Brain Signaling 89:107 Gut-Brain Signaling 89:107 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 6 5 theme isocaloric 837:846 arg1 HFRS 884:887 HFRS 884:887 HFRS 884:887 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 5 theme isocaloric 837:846 arg1 HF 848:849 an isocaloric HF 834:849 an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet 834:893 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 5 6 theme improved 693:700 arg1 status 715:720 improved inflammatory status 693:720 improved inflammatory status 693:720 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 12 7 theme dietary 1421:1427 arg1 RS 1436:1437 dietary potato RS 1421:1437 dietary potato RS 1421:1437 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 0 8 theme High 112:115 arg1 Rats 125:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 6 9 theme low-fat 789:795 arg1 chow 797:800 a low-fat chow 787:800 a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat) 787:814 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 5 10 theme inflammatory 702:713 arg1 status 715:720 improved inflammatory status 693:720 improved inflammatory status 693:720 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 9 11 theme Cholecystokinin-induced 1089:1111 arg1 satiety 1113:1119 Cholecystokinin-induced satiety 1089:1119 Cholecystokinin-induced satiety 1089:1119 Cholecystokinin-induced satiety was abolished in HF-fed rats and restored in HFRS rats. 31717368 0 12 from Inflammation 71:82 arg1 Rats 125:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 5 13 theme compositional 629:641 arg1 changes 643:649 compositional changes 629:649 compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling 629:740 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 6 14 theme Male 747:750 arg1 n 765:765 n = 8/group 765:775 n = 8/group 765:775 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 14 theme Male 747:750 arg1 rats 759:762 Male Wistar rats 747:762 Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) 747:776 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 12 15 theme HF-diet-induced 1449:1463 arg1 reorganization 1465:1478 HF-diet-induced reorganization 1449:1478 HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers 1449:1503 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 8 16 theme HF 1080:1081 arg1 rats 1083:1086 HF rats 1080:1086 HF rats 1080:1086 Systemic inflammation and glucose homeostasis were improved in the HFRS compared to HF rats. 31717368 12 17 from reorganization 1465:1478 arg1 satiety 1526:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 6 18 dep fed 783:785 arg1 2 744:744 2 744:744 2 744:744 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 7 19 dep consumed 918:925 arg1 3 897:897 3 897:897 3 897:897 (3) The HFRS-fed rats consumed significantly less energy than HF animals throughout the experiment. 31717368 0 20 theme Fat-Fed 117:123 arg1 Rats 125:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 0 21 from Dysbiosis 60:68 arg1 Rats 125:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 5 22 theme microbiota 654:663 arg1 composition 665:675 microbiota composition 654:675 microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling 654:740 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 0 23 theme Potato-Resistant 0:15 arg1 Supplementation 24:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation 0:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation 0:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 6 24 dep chow 797:800 arg1 LF 803:804 LF 803:804 LF 803:804 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 24 dep chow 797:800 arg1 % 809:809 13% fat 807:813 13% fat 807:813 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 12 25 theme CCK-induced 1514:1524 arg1 satiety 1526:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 0 26 theme Starch 17:22 arg1 Supplementation 24:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation 0:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation 0:38 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 6 27 theme fat 825:827 arg1 HF 817:818 HF 817:818 HF (45% fat) 817:828 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 27 theme fat 825:827 arg1 % 823:823 45% fat 821:827 45% fat 821:827 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 5 28 theme HF-fed 603:608 arg1 rats 610:613 HF-fed rats 603:613 HF-fed rats 603:613 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 11 29 theme RS 1313:1314 arg1 supplementation 1316:1330 The RS supplementation 1309:1330 The RS supplementation 1309:1330 (4) The RS supplementation prevented dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. 31717368 3 30 theme barrier 413:419 arg1 function 421:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 9 31 theme HFRS 1166:1169 arg1 rats 1171:1174 HFRS rats 1166:1174 HFRS rats 1166:1174 Cholecystokinin-induced satiety was abolished in HF-fed rats and restored in HFRS rats. 31717368 10 32 theme positive 1221:1228 arg1 staining 1238:1245 positive c fiber staining 1221:1245 positive c fiber staining in the brainstem 1221:1262 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 1 33 theme gut 163:165 arg1 dysbiosis 178:186 gut microbiota dysbiosis 163:186 gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation 163:233 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 12 34 from hyperphagia 1539:1549 arg1 satiety 1526:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 9 35 theme HF-fed 1138:1143 arg1 rats 1145:1148 HF-fed rats 1138:1148 HF-fed rats 1138:1148 Cholecystokinin-induced satiety was abolished in HF-fed rats and restored in HFRS rats. 31717368 1 36 theme microbiota 167:176 arg1 dysbiosis 178:186 gut microbiota dysbiosis 163:186 gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation 163:233 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 10 37 theme c 1230:1230 arg1 staining 1238:1245 positive c fiber staining 1221:1245 positive c fiber staining in the brainstem 1221:1262 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 10 38 theme fiber 1232:1236 arg1 staining 1238:1245 positive c fiber staining 1221:1245 positive c fiber staining in the brainstem 1221:1262 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 0 39 from Signaling 99:107 arg1 Rats 125:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 High Fat-Fed Rats 112:128 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 2 40 theme mediated 297:304 arg1 satiety 306:312 vagally mediated satiety 289:312 vagally mediated satiety 289:312 Bacterial-driven inflammation is sufficient to alter vagally mediated satiety and induce hyperphagia. 31717368 5 41 from supplementation 584:598 arg1 rats 610:613 HF-fed rats 603:613 HF-fed rats 603:613 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 8 42 theme Systemic 996:1003 arg1 inflammation 1005:1016 Systemic inflammation 996:1016 Systemic inflammation 996:1016 Systemic inflammation and glucose homeostasis were improved in the HFRS compared to HF rats. 31717368 10 43 theme significant 1197:1207 arg1 decrease 1209:1216 a significant decrease 1195:1216 a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation 1195:1302 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 0 44 theme Microbiota 49:58 arg1 Dysbiosis 60:68 Microbiota Dysbiosis 49:68 Microbiota Dysbiosis 49:68 Potato-Resistant Starch Supplementation Improves Microbiota Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and Gut-Brain Signaling in High Fat-Fed Rats. 31717368 6 45 theme potato 873:878 arg1 RS 880:881 12% potato RS 869:881 12% potato RS 869:881 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 7 46 theme HF 958:959 arg1 animals 961:967 HF animals 958:967 HF animals throughout the experiment 958:993 (3) The HFRS-fed rats consumed significantly less energy than HF animals throughout the experiment. 31717368 12 47 theme potato 1429:1434 arg1 RS 1436:1437 dietary potato RS 1421:1437 dietary potato RS 1421:1437 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 12 48 theme fibers 1498:1503 arg1 reorganization 1465:1478 HF-diet-induced reorganization 1449:1478 HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers 1449:1503 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 12 48 theme fibers 1498:1503 arg1 loss 1506:1509 loss 1506:1509 loss in CCK-induced satiety 1506:1532 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 12 48 theme fibers 1498:1503 arg1 hyperphagia 1539:1549 hyperphagia 1539:1549 hyperphagia 1539:1549 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 7 49 theme HFRS-fed 904:911 arg1 rats 913:916 The HFRS-fed rats 900:916 The HFRS-fed rats 900:916 (3) The HFRS-fed rats consumed significantly less energy than HF animals throughout the experiment. 31717368 3 50 theme gastrointestinal 380:395 arg1 function 421:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 7 51 theme less 941:944 arg1 energy 946:951 significantly less energy 927:951 significantly less energy 927:951 (3) The HFRS-fed rats consumed significantly less energy than HF animals throughout the experiment. 31717368 10 52 theme RS 1285:1286 arg1 supplementation 1288:1302 RS supplementation 1285:1302 RS supplementation 1285:1302 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 12 53 from loss 1506:1509 arg1 satiety 1526:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 CCK-induced satiety 1514:1532 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 5 54 theme potato 574:579 arg1 supplementation 584:598 potato RS supplementation 574:598 potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats 574:613 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 6 55 theme 12 869:870 arg1 % 871:871 % 871:871 % 871:871 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 5 56 theme vagal 726:730 arg1 signaling 732:740 vagal signaling 726:740 vagal signaling 726:740 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 4 57 theme Resistant 456:464 arg1 starch 466:471 Resistant starch 456:471 Resistant starch 456:471 Resistant starch escape digestion and can be fermented by bacteria in the distal gut. 31717368 1 58 dep leads 154:158 arg1 1 132:132 1 132:132 1 132:132 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 5 59 theme RS 581:582 arg1 supplementation 584:598 potato RS supplementation 574:598 potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats 574:613 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 3 60 dep gastrointestinal 380:395 arg1 GI 398:399 GI 398:399 GI 398:399 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 12 61 theme microbiota 1393:1402 arg1 manipulation 1404:1415 microbiota manipulation 1393:1415 microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS 1393:1437 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 10 62 from decrease 1209:1216 arg1 staining 1238:1245 positive c fiber staining 1221:1245 positive c fiber staining in the brainstem 1221:1262 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 6 63 theme = 767:767 arg1 n 765:765 n = 8/group 765:775 n = 8/group 765:775 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 63 theme = 767:767 arg1 rats 759:762 Male Wistar rats 747:762 Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) 747:776 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 11 64 dep prevented 1332:1340 arg1 4 1306:1306 4 1306:1306 4 1306:1306 (4) The RS supplementation prevented dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. 31717368 12 65 theme vagal 1483:1487 arg1 fibers 1498:1503 vagal afferent fibers 1483:1503 vagal afferent fibers 1483:1503 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 8 66 theme glucose 1022:1028 arg1 homeostasis 1030:1040 glucose homeostasis 1022:1040 glucose homeostasis 1022:1040 Systemic inflammation and glucose homeostasis were improved in the HFRS compared to HF rats. 31717368 6 67 theme fat 811:813 arg1 LF 803:804 LF 803:804 LF 803:804 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 6 67 theme fat 811:813 arg1 % 809:809 13% fat 807:813 13% fat 807:813 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 31717368 5 68 from changes 643:649 arg1 composition 665:675 microbiota composition 654:675 microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling 654:740 Therefore, we hypothesized that potato RS supplementation in HF-fed rats would lead to compositional changes in microbiota composition associated with improved inflammatory status and vagal signaling. 31717368 3 69 theme Promoting 338:346 arg1 fermentation 358:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation 338:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation 338:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 2 70 theme Bacterial-driven 236:251 arg1 inflammation 253:264 Bacterial-driven inflammation 236:264 Bacterial-driven inflammation 236:264 Bacterial-driven inflammation is sufficient to alter vagally mediated satiety and induce hyperphagia. 31717368 1 71 theme High-fat 135:142 arg1 diet 149:152 High-fat (HF) diet 135:152 High-fat (HF) diet 135:152 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 11 72 theme systemic 1356:1363 arg1 inflammation 1365:1376 systemic inflammation 1356:1376 systemic inflammation 1356:1376 (4) The RS supplementation prevented dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. 31717368 1 73 theme systemic 213:220 arg1 inflammation 222:233 systemic inflammation 213:233 systemic inflammation 213:233 (1) High-fat (HF) diet leads to gut microbiota dysbiosis which is associated with systemic inflammation. 31717368 3 74 theme bacterial 348:356 arg1 fermentation 358:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation 338:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation 338:369 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 4 75 theme distal 530:535 arg1 gut 537:539 the distal gut 526:539 the distal gut 526:539 Resistant starch escape digestion and can be fermented by bacteria in the distal gut. 31717368 12 76 theme afferent 1489:1496 arg1 fibers 1498:1503 vagal afferent fibers 1483:1503 vagal afferent fibers 1483:1503 Additionally, microbiota manipulation via dietary potato RS prevented HF-diet-induced reorganization of vagal afferent fibers, loss in CCK-induced satiety, and hyperphagia. 31717368 3 77 theme epithelial 402:411 arg1 function 421:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function 380:428 Promoting bacterial fermentation improves gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial barrier function and reduces inflammation. 31717368 10 78 theme HF 1177:1178 arg1 feeding 1180:1186 HF feeding 1177:1186 HF feeding 1177:1186 HF feeding led to a significant decrease in positive c fiber staining in the brainstem which was averted by RS supplementation. 31717368 6 79 theme % 871:871 arg1 RS 880:881 12% potato RS 869:881 12% potato RS 869:881 (2) Male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were fed a low-fat chow (LF, 13% fat), HF (45% fat), or an isocaloric HF supplemented with 12% potato RS (HFRS) diet. 29710502 7 0 theme in-vitro 1036:1043 arg1 studies 1045:1051 in-vitro studies 1036:1051 in-vitro studies 1036:1051 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 3 1 theme hydroxyapatite 526:539 arg1 nanocomposites 541:554 a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites 469:554 a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 469:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 7 2 theme proliferative 1098:1110 arg1 activity 1150:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 5 3 theme SEM 746:748 arg1 techniques 778:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 3 4 with nanocomposites 541:554 arg1 concentration 571:583 different concentration 561:583 different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 561:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 7 5 theme pure 1023:1026 arg1 HAP 1028:1030 pure HAP 1023:1030 pure HAP 1023:1030 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 7 6 theme deposition 1171:1180 arg1 assay 1182:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 7 7 dep nanocomposites 945:958 arg1 VD3/C/HAP/MSN 971:983 VD3/C/HAP/MSN 971:983 VD3/C/HAP/MSN 971:983 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 3 8 theme Mesoporous 588:597 arg1 MSNs 621:624 MSNs 621:624 MSNs 621:624 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 3 8 theme Mesoporous 588:597 arg1 nanoparticles 606:618 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 588:618 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 588:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 1 9 theme external 275:282 arg1 organisms 284:292 the external organisms 271:292 the external organisms 271:292 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 3 10 theme silica 599:604 arg1 MSNs 621:624 MSNs 621:624 MSNs 621:624 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 3 10 theme silica 599:604 arg1 nanoparticles 606:618 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles 588:618 Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 588:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 2 11 theme engineering 302:312 arg1 scaffolds 314:322 Tissue engineering scaffolds 295:322 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties 295:377 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 5 12 theme X-ray 760:764 arg1 diffraction 766:776 X-ray diffraction 760:776 X-ray diffraction 760:776 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 8 13 contain have 1308:1311 arg2 potential 1321:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 13 contain have 1308:1311 arg1 3D 1255:1256 3D 1255:1256 3D 1255:1256 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 13 contain have 1308:1311 arg2 tissue 1341:1346 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 14 theme great 1315:1319 arg1 potential 1321:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 14 theme great 1315:1319 arg1 tissue 1341:1346 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 1 15 dep hold 138:141 arg1 protect 263:269 protect 263:269 protect the external organisms 263:292 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 1 15 dep hold 138:141 arg1 appropriate 228:238 appropriate 228:238 appropriate 228:238 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 1 16 theme biomimetic 180:189 arg1 HAP 207:209 HAP 207:209 HAP 207:209 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 1 16 theme biomimetic 180:189 arg1 Hydroxyapatite 191:204 biomimetic Hydroxyapatite 180:204 biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) 180:210 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 5 17 theme diffraction 766:776 arg1 techniques 778:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 6 18 theme UV-vis 920:925 arg1 spectroscopy 927:938 UV-vis spectroscopy 920:938 UV-vis spectroscopy 920:938 VD3 releases from the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold were observed by using UV-vis spectroscopy. 29710502 5 19 used used 794:797 arg2 techniques 778:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 7 20 theme higher 992:997 arg1 viability 999:1007 higher viability 992:1007 higher viability 992:1007 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 4 21 theme important 641:649 arg1 role 651:654 an important role 638:654 an important role 638:654 VD3 plays an important role in the bone formation by regulating extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus. 29710502 4 22 theme extracellular 692:704 arg1 levels 706:711 extracellular levels 692:711 extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus 692:737 VD3 plays an important role in the bone formation by regulating extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus. 29710502 5 23 theme prepared 831:838 arg1 composites 840:849 the prepared composites 827:849 the prepared composites 827:849 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 3 24 theme different 561:569 arg1 concentration 571:583 different concentration 561:583 different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 561:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 7 25 theme ALP 1146:1148 arg1 activity 1150:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 4 26 theme calcium 716:722 arg1 levels 706:711 extracellular levels 692:711 extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus 692:737 VD3 plays an important role in the bone formation by regulating extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus. 29710502 0 27 theme Osteoblast 0:9 arg1 response 11:18 Osteoblast response 0:18 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 0:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 2 28 theme small 405:409 arg1 quantity 411:418 a small quantity 403:418 a small quantity of porous additives 403:438 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 0 29 theme Vitamin 23:29 arg1 D3 31:32 Vitamin D3 23:32 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 5 30 theme composites 840:849 arg1 characterization 807:822 the characterization 803:822 the characterization of the prepared composites 803:849 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 7 31 theme osteoinductive 1123:1136 arg1 proliferative 1098:1110 the proliferative 1094:1110 the proliferative 1094:1110 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 7 31 theme osteoinductive 1123:1136 arg1 effects 1138:1144 osteoinductive effects 1123:1144 osteoinductive effects 1123:1144 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 2 32 theme unified 329:335 arg1 porous 337:342 unified porous 329:342 unified porous 329:342 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 7 33 theme calcium 1163:1169 arg1 assay 1182:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 2 34 theme Tissue 295:300 arg1 scaffolds 314:322 Tissue engineering scaffolds 295:322 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties 295:377 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 6 35 dep VD3 852:854 arg1 releases 856:863 releases 856:863 releases from the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold 856:895 VD3 releases from the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold were observed by using UV-vis spectroscopy. 29710502 4 36 theme bone 663:666 arg1 formation 668:676 the bone formation 659:676 the bone formation 659:676 VD3 plays an important role in the bone formation by regulating extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus. 29710502 0 37 theme loaded 34:39 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 2 38 theme porous 423:428 arg1 additives 430:438 porous additives 423:438 porous additives 423:438 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 5 39 theme TEM 751:753 arg1 techniques 778:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 2 40 theme additives 430:438 arg1 quantity 411:418 a small quantity 403:418 a small quantity of porous additives 403:438 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 0 41 theme enriched 51:58 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 7 42 contain has 1081:1083 arg2 assay 1182:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 calcium deposition assay 1163:1186 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 7 42 contain has 1081:1083 arg1 materials 1071:1079 the materials 1067:1079 the materials 1067:1079 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 7 42 contain has 1081:1083 arg2 activity 1150:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 0 43 theme cellulose 41:49 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 3 44 theme nanoparticles 606:618 arg1 concentration 571:583 different concentration 561:583 different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 561:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 3 45 theme loaded 493:498 arg1 nanocomposites 541:554 a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites 469:554 a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) 469:625 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 6 46 theme VD3/C/HAP/MSN 874:886 arg1 scaffold 888:895 the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold 870:895 the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold 870:895 VD3 releases from the VD3/C/HAP/MSN scaffold were observed by using UV-vis spectroscopy. 29710502 0 47 dep D3 31:32 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 8 48 theme bone 1336:1339 arg1 potential 1321:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 a great potential 1313:1329 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 48 theme bone 1336:1339 arg1 tissue 1341:1346 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 a bone tissue substitute 1334:1357 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 8 49 dep loaded 1267:1272 arg1 VD3 1263:1265 VD3 1263:1265 VD3 1263:1265 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 7 50 theme enhanced 1085:1092 arg1 activity 1150:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity 1085:1157 The nanocomposites C/HAP/MSN, VD3/C/HAP/MSN showed higher viability compared with pure HAP and in-vitro studies revealed that the materials has enhanced the proliferative, adhesion, osteoinductive effects ALP activity and calcium deposition assay on osteoblasts like cells (MG63). 29710502 2 51 theme biological 357:366 arg1 properties 368:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 1 52 theme Composite 118:126 arg1 materials 128:136 Composite materials 118:136 Composite materials 118:136 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 5 53 theme FTIR 740:743 arg1 techniques 778:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques 740:787 FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the characterization of the prepared composites. 29710502 8 54 theme loaded 1267:1272 arg1 scaffolds 1298:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 3 55 dep loaded 493:498 arg1 functionalized 511:524 functionalized 511:524 functionalized 511:524 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 3 55 dep loaded 493:498 arg1 VD3 488:490 VD3 488:490 VD3 488:490 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 3 55 dep loaded 493:498 arg1 Cholecalciferol 471:485 a Cholecalciferol 469:485 a Cholecalciferol (VD3) 469:491 In this study we synthesizd a Cholecalciferol (VD3) loaded, cellulose functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites with different concentration of Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). 29710502 2 56 theme enhanced 348:355 arg1 properties 368:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 8 57 theme C/HAP/MSN 1274:1282 arg1 scaffolds 1298:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 1 58 theme bone 244:247 arg1 formation 249:257 bone formation 244:257 bone formation 244:257 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 29710502 0 59 theme Mesoporous 75:84 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 8 60 dep tissue 1341:1346 arg1 substitute 1348:1357 substitute 1348:1357 substitute 1348:1357 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 4 61 theme phosphorus 728:737 arg1 levels 706:711 extracellular levels 692:711 extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus 692:737 VD3 plays an important role in the bone formation by regulating extracellular levels of calcium and phosphorus. 29710502 8 62 theme nanocomposite 1284:1296 arg1 scaffolds 1298:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds 1263:1306 Our outcome recommended that the 3D like VD3 loaded C/HAP/MSN nanocomposite scaffolds have a great potential as a bone tissue substitute. 29710502 2 63 with scaffolds 314:322 arg1 properties 368:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 enhanced biological properties 348:377 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 2 63 with scaffolds 314:322 arg1 porous 337:342 unified porous 329:342 unified porous 329:342 Tissue engineering scaffolds with unified porous and enhanced biological properties can be fabricated using a small quantity of porous additives. 29710502 0 64 theme hydroxyapatite 60:73 arg1 silica 86:91 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 34:91 Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica 23:91 Osteoblast response to Vitamin D3 loaded cellulose enriched hydroxyapatite Mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite. 29710502 1 65 theme established 156:166 arg1 network 168:174 cellulose(C) established network 143:174 cellulose(C) established network 143:174 Composite materials hold cellulose(C) established network and biomimetic Hydroxyapatite (HAP) are potentially appropriate for bone formation and protect the external organisms. 31841826 1 0 theme graphene 231:238 arg1 sheets 240:245 the presence graphene sheets 218:245 the presence graphene sheets (Gr) 218:250 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 0 theme graphene 231:238 arg1 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 2 1 theme magnetic 430:437 arg1 property 439:446 magnetic property 430:446 magnetic property 430:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 1 2 theme Guaifenesin 301:311 arg1 delivery 319:326 Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery 301:326 Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery 301:326 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 3 theme itaconic 167:174 arg1 IA 182:183 IA 182:183 IA 182:183 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 3 theme itaconic 167:174 arg1 acid 176:179 itaconic acid 167:179 itaconic acid (IA) onto starch 167:196 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 4 theme GFN 314:316 arg1 delivery 319:326 Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery 301:326 Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery 301:326 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 5 from copolymerization 147:162 arg1 sheets 240:245 the presence graphene sheets 218:245 the presence graphene sheets (Gr) 218:250 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 5 from copolymerization 147:162 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 5 from copolymerization 147:162 arg1 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 5 from copolymerization 147:162 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 6 theme acid 176:179 arg1 copolymerization 147:162 the graft copolymerization 137:162 the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 137:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 7 from nanoparticles 262:274 arg1 copolymerization 147:162 the graft copolymerization 137:162 the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 137:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 5 8 theme targeted 750:757 arg1 delivery 764:771 magnetically targeted drug delivery 737:771 magnetically targeted drug delivery 737:771 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 4 9 theme magnetic 589:596 arg1 field 598:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 2 10 dep network 396:402 arg1 endowed 404:410 endowed 404:410 endowed 404:410 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 5 11 theme hydrogel 683:690 arg1 carriers 697:704 these hydrogel drug carriers 677:704 these hydrogel drug carriers 677:704 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 3 12 theme magnetic 509:516 arg1 hydrogel 518:525 the magnetic hydrogel 505:525 the magnetic hydrogel 505:525 In addition, GFN not only achieved effectively bound to the magnetic hydrogel, but also released in a controlled manner. 31841826 5 13 theme wound 796:800 arg1 healing 802:808 wound healing 796:808 wound healing 796:808 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 2 14 theme hydrogel 387:394 arg1 network 396:402 a hydrogel network 385:402 a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property 385:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 2 14 theme hydrogel 387:394 arg1 biomaterial 370:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 1 15 theme magnetic 91:98 arg1 hydrogel 110:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel 87:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel 87:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 0 16 theme novel 15:19 arg1 biomaterial 56:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial 13:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery 13:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 1 17 theme composite 100:108 arg1 hydrogel 110:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel 87:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel 87:117 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 18 theme Fe3O4 256:260 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 18 theme Fe3O4 256:260 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 19 theme wound 332:336 arg1 healing 338:344 wound healing 332:344 wound healing 332:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 2 20 theme Gr-IA/St-Alg 357:368 arg1 network 396:402 a hydrogel network 385:402 a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property 385:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 2 20 theme Gr-IA/St-Alg 357:368 arg1 biomaterial 370:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 0 21 theme starch-alginic 30:43 arg1 biomaterial 56:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial 13:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery 13:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 4 22 theme drug 648:651 arg1 rate 661:664 the drug release rate 644:664 the drug release rate 644:664 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 4 23 theme external 580:587 arg1 field 598:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 4 24 theme using 574:578 arg1 field 598:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 2 25 theme @ 356:356 arg1 network 396:402 a hydrogel network 385:402 a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property 385:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 2 25 theme @ 356:356 arg1 biomaterial 370:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 0 26 theme magnetic 21:28 arg1 biomaterial 56:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial 13:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery 13:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 1 27 from sheets 240:245 arg1 copolymerization 147:162 the graft copolymerization 137:162 the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 137:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 5 28 theme drug 759:762 arg1 delivery 764:771 magnetically targeted drug delivery 737:771 magnetically targeted drug delivery 737:771 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 1 29 theme Alginic 202:208 arg1 acid 210:213 Alginic acid 202:213 Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 202:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 0 30 theme biomaterial 56:66 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery 0:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 1 31 theme Fe3O4 277:281 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 31 theme Fe3O4 277:281 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 4 32 theme release 653:659 arg1 rate 661:664 the drug release rate 644:664 the drug release rate 644:664 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 0 33 theme acid-based 45:54 arg1 biomaterial 56:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial 13:66 a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery 13:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 1 34 theme @ 282:282 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 34 theme @ 282:282 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 4 35 contain has 604:606 arg1 field 598:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field 570:602 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 4 35 contain has 604:606 arg2 influence 631:639 significantly positive influence 608:639 significantly positive influence 608:639 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 3 36 dep achieved 475:482 arg1 bound 496:500 bound 496:500 achieved effectively bound to the magnetic hydrogel 475:525 In addition, GFN not only achieved effectively bound to the magnetic hydrogel, but also released in a controlled manner. 31841826 1 37 from acid 210:213 arg1 sheets 240:245 the presence graphene sheets 218:245 the presence graphene sheets (Gr) 218:250 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 37 from acid 210:213 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 37 from acid 210:213 arg1 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 37 from acid 210:213 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 3 38 theme controlled 551:560 arg1 manner 562:567 a controlled manner 549:567 a controlled manner 549:567 In addition, GFN not only achieved effectively bound to the magnetic hydrogel, but also released in a controlled manner. 31841826 1 39 theme acid 210:213 arg1 copolymerization 147:162 the graft copolymerization 137:162 the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 137:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 0 40 theme drug 72:75 arg1 delivery 77:84 drug delivery 72:84 drug delivery 72:84 Synthesis of a novel magnetic starch-alginic acid-based biomaterial for drug delivery. 31841826 2 41 theme Fe3O4 351:355 arg1 network 396:402 a hydrogel network 385:402 a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property 385:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 2 41 theme Fe3O4 351:355 arg1 biomaterial 370:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial 347:380 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 2 42 with endowed 404:410 arg1 property 439:446 magnetic property 430:446 magnetic property 430:446 The Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg biomaterial is a hydrogel network endowed the material with magnetic property. 31841826 1 43 theme graft 141:145 arg1 copolymerization 147:162 the graft copolymerization 137:162 the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing 137:344 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 5 44 theme drug 692:695 arg1 carriers 697:704 these hydrogel drug carriers 677:704 these hydrogel drug carriers 677:704 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 5 45 theme favorable 714:722 arg1 platform 724:731 a favorable platform 712:731 a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing 712:808 To close, these hydrogel drug carriers offer a favorable platform for magnetically targeted drug delivery as well as a dress for wound healing. 31841826 1 46 from acid 176:179 arg1 sheets 240:245 the presence graphene sheets 218:245 the presence graphene sheets (Gr) 218:250 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 46 from acid 176:179 arg1 nanoparticles 262:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 256:274 Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) 256:295 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 46 from acid 176:179 arg1 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 46 from acid 176:179 arg1 Gr-IA/St-Alg 283:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg 277:294 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 4 47 theme positive 622:629 arg1 influence 631:639 significantly positive influence 608:639 significantly positive influence 608:639 The using external magnetic field has significantly positive influence on the drug release rate. 31841826 1 48 theme presence 222:229 arg1 sheets 240:245 the presence graphene sheets 218:245 the presence graphene sheets (Gr) 218:250 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31841826 1 48 theme presence 222:229 arg1 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 Gr 248:249 The magnetic composite hydrogel was fabricated by the graft copolymerization of itaconic acid (IA) onto starch and Alginic acid in the presence graphene sheets (Gr) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Gr-IA/St-Alg) for Guaifenesin (GFN) delivery and wound healing. 31424444 0 0 theme Regimens 74:81 arg1 Effects 48:54 the Effects 44:54 the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota 44:107 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 5 1 theme fecal 738:742 arg1 system 763:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system 727:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 727:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 1 2 theme gut 135:137 arg1 microbiome 139:148 the gut microbiome 131:148 the gut microbiome 131:148 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 0 3 theme Interventional 59:72 arg1 Regimens 74:81 Interventional Regimens 59:81 Interventional Regimens 59:81 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 7 4 theme different 1420:1428 arg1 interventions 1430:1442 different interventions 1420:1442 different interventions of modulators 1420:1456 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 1 5 theme microbiome 139:148 arg1 role 123:126 The emerging role 110:126 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases 110:174 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 1 6 theme technologies 228:239 arg1 breakthrough 186:197 a breakthrough 184:197 a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies 184:239 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 0 7 theme Human 86:90 arg1 Microbiota 98:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 4 8 dep ex 608:609 arg1 vivo 611:614 vivo 611:614 vivo 611:614 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 3 9 theme large 536:540 arg1 number 542:547 large number 536:547 large number of animals and/or human subjects 536:580 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 3 10 theme animals 552:558 arg1 number 542:547 large number 536:547 large number of animals and/or human subjects 536:580 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 7 11 theme fecal 1461:1465 arg1 profiles 1478:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 3 12 dep screening 376:384 arg1 the 360:362 the 360:362 the 360:362 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 5 13 dep diversity 972:980 arg1 the 968:970 the 968:970 the 968:970 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 14 theme food 910:913 arg1 ingredients 915:925 other food ingredients 904:925 other food ingredients 904:925 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 4 15 theme modulators 674:683 arg1 screening 650:658 preliminary screening 638:658 preliminary screening of microbiome modulators 638:683 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 6 16 theme modulators 1101:1110 arg1 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 16 theme modulators 1101:1110 arg1 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 16 theme modulators 1101:1110 arg1 compounds 1076:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 16 theme modulators 1101:1110 arg1 modulators 1101:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 17 theme metabolic 1214:1222 arg1 levels 1267:1272 the fecal levels 1257:1272 the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1257:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 17 theme metabolic 1214:1222 arg1 pH 1250:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 17 theme metabolic 1214:1222 arg1 activities 1224:1233 its metabolic activities 1210:1233 its metabolic activities 1210:1233 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 18 theme gut 841:843 arg1 probiotics 877:886 probiotics 877:886 probiotics 877:886 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 18 theme gut 841:843 arg1 modulators 856:865 gut microbiome modulators 841:865 gut microbiome modulators 841:865 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 18 theme gut 841:843 arg1 ingredients 915:925 other food ingredients 904:925 other food ingredients 904:925 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 18 theme gut 841:843 arg1 prebiotics 889:898 prebiotics 889:898 prebiotics 889:898 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 3 19 theme microbiome 429:438 arg1 modulation 440:449 microbiome modulation 429:449 microbiome modulation 429:449 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 0 20 theme Fecal 92:96 arg1 Microbiota 98:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 6 21 from effect 1155:1160 arg1 levels 1267:1272 the fecal levels 1257:1272 the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1257:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 21 from effect 1155:1160 arg1 composition 1194:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 21 from effect 1155:1160 arg1 pH 1250:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 21 from effect 1155:1160 arg1 activities 1224:1233 its metabolic activities 1210:1233 its metabolic activities 1210:1233 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 22 theme acids 1285:1289 arg1 levels 1267:1272 the fecal levels 1257:1272 the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1257:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 22 theme acids 1285:1289 arg1 pH 1250:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 1 23 theme tools 206:210 arg1 breakthrough 186:197 a breakthrough 184:197 a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies 184:239 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 6 24 used used 1116:1119 arg2 modulators 1101:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 24 used used 1116:1119 arg2 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 24 used used 1116:1119 arg2 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 24 used used 1116:1119 arg2 example 1127:1133 an example 1124:1133 an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1124:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 24 used used 1116:1119 arg2 compounds 1076:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 1 25 theme several 153:159 arg1 diseases 167:174 several human diseases 153:174 several human diseases 153:174 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 0 26 theme In 3:4 arg1 Model 26:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model 0:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model 0:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 5 27 theme microbiota 744:753 arg1 system 763:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system 727:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 727:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 1 28 from role 123:126 arg1 diseases 167:174 several human diseases 153:174 several human diseases 153:174 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 1 29 theme human 161:165 arg1 diseases 167:174 several human diseases 153:174 several human diseases 153:174 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 7 30 theme interventions 1430:1442 arg1 effects 1409:1415 the effects 1405:1415 the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles 1405:1485 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 5 31 theme interventions 824:836 arg1 effects 805:811 the effects 801:811 the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 801:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 3 32 theme human 567:571 arg1 subjects 573:580 human subjects 567:580 human subjects 567:580 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 4 33 theme preliminary 638:648 arg1 screening 650:658 preliminary screening 638:658 preliminary screening of microbiome modulators 638:683 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 0 34 theme Batch-culture 12:24 arg1 Model 26:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model 0:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model 0:30 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 6 35 theme organic 1277:1283 arg1 lactate 1301:1307 lactate 1301:1307 lactate 1301:1307 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 35 theme organic 1277:1283 arg1 acids 1285:1289 organic acids 1277:1289 organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1277:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 35 theme organic 1277:1283 arg1 acids 1331:1335 short-chain fatty acids 1313:1335 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1313:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 36 theme human 1005:1009 arg1 microbiota 1015:1024 the human gut microbiota 1001:1024 the human gut microbiota 1001:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 6 37 theme short-chain 1313:1323 arg1 SCFAs 1338:1342 SCFAs 1338:1342 SCFAs 1338:1342 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 37 theme short-chain 1313:1323 arg1 acids 1331:1335 short-chain fatty acids 1313:1335 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1313:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 3 38 theme related 463:469 arg1 benefits 478:485 related health benefits 463:485 related health benefits 463:485 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 6 39 theme compounds 1076:1084 arg1 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 one 1035:1037 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 39 theme compounds 1076:1084 arg1 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin 1027:1032 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 39 theme compounds 1076:1084 arg1 compounds 1076:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 39 theme compounds 1076:1084 arg1 modulators 1101:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 7 40 theme microbiota 1467:1476 arg1 profiles 1478:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 2 41 theme health 334:339 arg1 benefits 341:348 human health benefits 328:348 human health benefits 328:348 Such improvements are needed to decipher the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits. 31424444 3 42 theme health 471:476 arg1 benefits 478:485 related health benefits 463:485 related health benefits 463:485 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 5 43 theme culture 755:761 arg1 system 763:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system 727:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 727:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 6 44 theme microbiome 1090:1099 arg1 modulators 1101:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 microbiome modulators 1090:1110 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 45 dep ex 730:731 arg1 vivo 733:736 vivo 733:736 vivo 733:736 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 6 46 theme microbiota 1183:1192 arg1 composition 1194:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 47 theme microbiome 845:854 arg1 probiotics 877:886 probiotics 877:886 probiotics 877:886 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 47 theme microbiome 845:854 arg1 modulators 856:865 gut microbiome modulators 841:865 gut microbiome modulators 841:865 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 47 theme microbiome 845:854 arg1 ingredients 915:925 other food ingredients 904:925 other food ingredients 904:925 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 47 theme microbiome 845:854 arg1 prebiotics 889:898 prebiotics 889:898 prebiotics 889:898 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 3 48 theme modulators 406:415 arg1 optimization 390:401 optimization 390:401 optimization 390:401 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 3 48 theme modulators 406:415 arg1 screening 376:384 screening 376:384 screening 376:384 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 6 49 theme fecal 1261:1265 arg1 levels 1267:1272 the fecal levels 1257:1272 the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1257:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 50 theme fecal 1177:1181 arg1 composition 1194:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 51 theme various 816:822 arg1 interventions 824:836 various interventions 816:836 various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, 816:963 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 7 52 from effects 1409:1415 arg1 profiles 1478:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 fecal microbiota profiles 1461:1485 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 5 53 theme modulators 856:865 arg1 interventions 824:836 various interventions 816:836 various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, 816:963 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 0 54 from Effects 48:54 arg1 Microbiota 98:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 Human Fecal Microbiota 86:107 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 3 55 theme subjects 573:580 arg1 number 542:547 large number 536:547 large number of animals and/or human subjects 536:580 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 6 56 theme prebiotic 1066:1074 arg1 compounds 1076:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 2 57 theme human 328:332 arg1 benefits 341:348 human health benefits 328:348 human health benefits 328:348 Such improvements are needed to decipher the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits. 31424444 7 58 dep aimed 1385:1389 arg1 predicting 1494:1503 predicting 1494:1503 predicting their health impacts 1494:1524 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 7 58 dep aimed 1385:1389 arg1 studies 1377:1383 studies 1377:1383 studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts 1377:1524 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 7 58 dep aimed 1385:1389 arg1 estimating 1394:1403 estimating 1394:1403 estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles 1394:1485 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 5 59 theme gut 1011:1013 arg1 microbiota 1015:1024 the human gut microbiota 1001:1024 the human gut microbiota 1001:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 60 theme microbiota 1015:1024 arg1 diversity 972:980 diversity 972:980 diversity 972:980 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 60 theme microbiota 1015:1024 arg1 composition 986:996 composition 986:996 composition 986:996 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 61 theme other 904:908 arg1 ingredients 915:925 other food ingredients 904:925 other food ingredients 904:925 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 6 62 theme fatty 1325:1329 arg1 SCFAs 1338:1342 SCFAs 1338:1342 SCFAs 1338:1342 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 62 theme fatty 1325:1329 arg1 acids 1331:1335 short-chain fatty acids 1313:1335 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 1313:1343 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 5 63 used used 782:785 arg2 system 763:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system 727:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 727:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 4 64 dep in 596:597 arg1 vitro 599:603 vitro 599:603 vitro 599:603 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 2 65 theme Such 242:245 arg1 improvements 247:258 Such improvements 242:258 Such improvements 242:258 Such improvements are needed to decipher the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits. 31424444 5 66 from effects 805:811 arg1 diversity 972:980 diversity 972:980 diversity 972:980 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 5 66 from effects 805:811 arg1 composition 986:996 composition 986:996 composition 986:996 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 1 67 theme emerging 114:121 arg1 role 123:126 The emerging role 110:126 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases 110:174 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 1 68 theme new 202:204 arg1 tools 206:210 new tools 202:210 new tools 202:210 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 31424444 6 69 theme fecal 1244:1248 arg1 pH 1250:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 fecal pH 1244:1251 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 6 70 theme healthy 1169:1175 arg1 composition 1194:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 the healthy fecal microbiota composition 1165:1204 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 2 71 theme microbiome 302:311 arg1 modulators 313:322 microbiome modulators 302:322 microbiome modulators 302:322 Such improvements are needed to decipher the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits. 31424444 2 72 theme modulators 313:322 arg1 utilization 287:297 the utilization 283:297 the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits 283:348 Such improvements are needed to decipher the utilization of microbiome modulators for human health benefits. 31424444 5 73 theme ex 730:731 arg1 system 763:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system 727:768 an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota 727:1024 Herein, it is optimized and demonstrated an ex vivo fecal microbiota culture system that can be used for examining the effects of various interventions of gut microbiome modulators including probiotics, prebiotics and other food ingredients, aside from nutraceuticals and drugs, on the diversity and composition of the human gut microbiota. 31424444 6 74 theme studied 1058:1064 arg1 compounds 1076:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 the most widely studied prebiotic compounds 1042:1084 Inulin, one of the most widely studied prebiotic compounds and microbiome modulators, is used as an example here to examine its effect on the healthy fecal microbiota composition and its metabolic activities, such as fecal pH and the fecal levels of organic acids including lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 31424444 0 75 dep In 3:4 arg1 Vitro 6:10 Vitro 6:10 Vitro 6:10 An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota. 31424444 4 76 theme ex 608:609 arg1 models 616:621 in vitro or ex vivo models 596:621 in vitro or ex vivo models 596:621 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 4 77 theme microbiome 663:672 arg1 modulators 674:683 microbiome modulators 663:683 microbiome modulators 663:683 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 7 78 theme health 1511:1516 arg1 impacts 1518:1524 their health impacts 1505:1524 their health impacts 1505:1524 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 4 79 theme in 596:597 arg1 models 616:621 in vitro or ex vivo models 596:621 in vitro or ex vivo models 596:621 To this end, in vitro or ex vivo models can facilitate preliminary screening of microbiome modulators. 31424444 7 80 theme modulators 1447:1456 arg1 interventions 1430:1442 different interventions 1420:1442 different interventions of modulators 1420:1456 The protocol may be useful for studies aimed at estimating the effects of different interventions of modulators on fecal microbiota profiles and at predicting their health impacts. 31424444 3 81 theme large-scale 364:374 arg1 screening 376:384 screening 376:384 screening 376:384 However, the large-scale screening and optimization of modulators to validate microbiome modulation and predict related health benefits may be practically difficult due to the need for large number of animals and/or human subjects. 31424444 1 82 theme techniques 213:222 arg1 breakthrough 186:197 a breakthrough 184:197 a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies 184:239 The emerging role of the gut microbiome in several human diseases demands a breakthrough of new tools, techniques and technologies. 30464291 0 0 theme Physicochemical 87:101 arg1 Properties 133:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 6 1 theme antimicrobial 1021:1033 arg1 activity 1035:1042 antimicrobial activity 1021:1042 antimicrobial activity 1021:1042 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative also imparts antimicrobial activity to the composite film. 30464291 0 2 theme Enhanced 78:85 arg1 Properties 133:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 1 3 theme lauroyl 162:168 arg1 derivative 201:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative 160:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate 160:222 In this study, a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate has been successfully synthesized and characterized. 30464291 0 4 theme Mechanical 104:113 arg1 Properties 133:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 7 5 theme wound 1223:1227 arg1 dressings 1229:1237 wound dressings 1223:1237 wound dressings 1223:1237 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 2 6 theme Psyllium 320:327 arg1 films 357:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 4 7 theme physicochemical 720:734 arg1 properties 751:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 7 8 from valuable 1178:1185 arg1 utility 1205:1211 the biomedical utility 1190:1211 the biomedical utility including wound dressings 1190:1237 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 5 9 theme lower 816:820 arg1 property 841:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 6 10 theme derivative 997:1006 arg1 Incorporation 953:965 Incorporation 953:965 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative 953:1006 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative also imparts antimicrobial activity to the composite film. 30464291 0 11 theme Antimicrobial 119:131 arg1 Properties 133:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties 78:142 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 2 12 contain containing 391:400 arg2 gel-alginate 441:452 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel-alginate 441:452 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 2 12 contain containing 391:400 arg2 gel 420:422 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel 420:422 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 2 12 contain containing 391:400 arg1 films 385:389 the films 381:389 the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties 381:502 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 4 13 theme mechanical 740:749 arg1 properties 751:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 1 14 theme grafted 170:176 arg1 derivative 201:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative 160:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate 160:222 In this study, a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate has been successfully synthesized and characterized. 30464291 5 15 theme adsorption 830:839 arg1 property 841:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 6 16 theme synthesised 974:984 arg1 derivative 997:1006 the synthesised glycolipid derivative 970:1006 the synthesised glycolipid derivative 970:1006 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative also imparts antimicrobial activity to the composite film. 30464291 5 17 theme care 897:900 arg1 dressing 902:909 wound care dressing 891:909 wound care dressing 891:909 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 1 18 theme hydrophobic 178:188 arg1 derivative 201:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative 160:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate 160:222 In this study, a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate has been successfully synthesized and characterized. 30464291 5 19 theme wound 891:895 arg1 dressing 902:909 wound care dressing 891:909 wound care dressing 891:909 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 4 20 theme enhanced 711:718 arg1 properties 751:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 6 21 theme glycolipid 986:995 arg1 derivative 997:1006 the synthesised glycolipid derivative 970:1006 the synthesised glycolipid derivative 970:1006 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative also imparts antimicrobial activity to the composite film. 30464291 1 22 theme glycolipid 190:199 arg1 derivative 201:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative 160:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate 160:222 In this study, a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate has been successfully synthesized and characterized. 30464291 2 23 theme physicochemical 477:491 arg1 properties 493:502 its mechanical and physicochemical properties 458:502 its mechanical and physicochemical properties 458:502 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 7 24 theme biomedical 1194:1203 arg1 utility 1205:1211 the biomedical utility 1190:1211 the biomedical utility including wound dressings 1190:1237 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 2 25 theme composite 347:355 arg1 films 357:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 2 26 theme husk 415:418 arg1 gel 420:422 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel 420:422 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 2 27 theme gel-alginate 334:345 arg1 films 357:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 4 28 theme composite 690:698 arg1 films 700:704 the composite films 686:704 the composite films 686:704 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 0 29 theme Lauroyl 15:21 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of Lauroyl 0:21 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 7 30 from utility 1205:1211 arg1 valuable 1178:1185 valuable 1178:1185 valuable 1178:1185 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 5 31 theme better 781:786 arg1 swelling 788:795 better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property 781:848 swelling 788:795 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 2 32 theme husk 329:332 arg1 films 357:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films 320:361 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 1 33 theme alginate 215:222 arg1 derivative 201:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative 160:210 a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate 160:222 In this study, a lauroyl grafted hydrophobic glycolipid derivative of alginate has been successfully synthesized and characterized. 30464291 0 34 theme Husk 49:52 arg1 Film 68:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 4 35 contain have 706:709 arg1 films 700:704 the composite films 686:704 the composite films 686:704 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 4 35 contain have 706:709 arg2 properties 751:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties 711:760 The results showed that the composite films have enhanced physicochemical and mechanical properties. 30464291 5 36 theme low 929:931 arg1 wounds 945:950 low suppurating wounds 929:950 low suppurating wounds 929:950 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 2 37 theme Psyllim 428:434 arg1 gel-alginate 441:452 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel-alginate 441:452 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 0 38 theme Alginate-Psyllium 31:47 arg1 Film 68:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 2 39 theme husk 436:439 arg1 gel-alginate 441:452 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel-alginate 441:452 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 0 40 theme Composite 58:66 arg1 Film 68:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 6 41 theme composite 1051:1059 arg1 film 1061:1064 the composite film 1047:1064 the composite film 1047:1064 Incorporation of the synthesised glycolipid derivative also imparts antimicrobial activity to the composite film. 30464291 7 42 theme microbial 1126:1134 arg1 contamination 1136:1148 the microbial contamination 1122:1148 the microbial contamination 1122:1148 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 0 43 theme Gel 54:56 arg1 Film 68:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film 31:71 Preparation of Lauroyl Grafted Alginate-Psyllium Husk Gel Composite Film with Enhanced Physicochemical, Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties. 30464291 3 44 theme biomedical 637:646 arg1 applications 648:659 biomedical applications 637:659 biomedical applications 637:659 Additionally, the composite film has also been evaluated for protein adsorption and antimicrobial property to verify its utility in biomedical applications. 30464291 5 45 from usefulness 865:874 arg1 dressing 902:909 wound care dressing 891:909 wound care dressing 891:909 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 3 46 theme composite 523:531 arg1 film 533:536 the composite film 519:536 the composite film 519:536 Additionally, the composite film has also been evaluated for protein adsorption and antimicrobial property to verify its utility in biomedical applications. 30464291 5 47 theme protein 822:828 arg1 property 841:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 lower protein adsorption property 816:848 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 3 48 theme antimicrobial 589:601 arg1 property 603:610 antimicrobial property 589:610 antimicrobial property 589:610 Additionally, the composite film has also been evaluated for protein adsorption and antimicrobial property to verify its utility in biomedical applications. 30464291 3 49 theme protein 566:572 arg1 adsorption 574:583 protein adsorption 566:583 protein adsorption 566:583 Additionally, the composite film has also been evaluated for protein adsorption and antimicrobial property to verify its utility in biomedical applications. 30464291 5 50 dep swelling 788:795 arg1 characteristic 797:810 characteristic 797:810 characteristic 797:810 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 5 51 theme suppurating 933:943 arg1 wounds 945:950 low suppurating wounds 929:950 low suppurating wounds 929:950 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 2 52 theme Psyllim 407:413 arg1 gel 420:422 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel 420:422 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 3 53 from utility 626:632 arg1 applications 648:659 biomedical applications 637:659 biomedical applications 637:659 Additionally, the composite film has also been evaluated for protein adsorption and antimicrobial property to verify its utility in biomedical applications. 30464291 5 54 theme film 883:886 arg1 usefulness 865:874 the usefulness 861:874 the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds 861:950 The film produced better swelling characteristic and lower protein adsorption property indicating the usefulness of the film in wound care dressing, particularly for low suppurating wounds. 30464291 2 55 theme mechanical 462:471 arg1 properties 493:502 its mechanical and physicochemical properties 458:502 its mechanical and physicochemical properties 458:502 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 30464291 7 56 theme developed 1082:1090 arg1 capable 1100:1106 capable 1100:1106 capable 1100:1106 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 7 56 theme developed 1082:1090 arg1 film 1092:1095 the developed film 1078:1095 the developed film 1078:1095 Therefore, the developed film is capable of sustaining the microbial contamination during the storage and also valuable in the biomedical utility including wound dressings. 30464291 2 57 theme only 402:405 arg1 gel 420:422 only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate 402:452 gel 420:422 This glycolipid has been incorporated into Psyllium husk gel-alginate composite films and compared with the films containing only Psyllim husk gel and Psyllim husk gel-alginate for its mechanical and physicochemical properties. 31730966 8 0 theme new 1060:1062 arg1 MCS-PAA 1074:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA 1056:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA 1056:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA is thus expected to facilitate a wider range of applications for chitosan in the adsorption of Pb(II). 31730966 6 1 theme main 867:870 arg1 mechanism 883:891 The main adsorption mechanism 863:891 The main adsorption mechanism 863:891 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 6 1 theme main 867:870 arg1 complexation 901:912 the complexation 897:912 the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II) 897:983 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 4 2 theme individual 663:672 arg1 adsorbents 674:683 the individual adsorbents 659:683 the individual adsorbents alone 659:689 This environmental-friendly, magnetic, composite adsorbent showed significantly better adsorption performance than those of the individual adsorbents alone. 31730966 6 3 theme hydroxyl 947:954 arg1 groups 956:961 the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups 922:961 groups 956:961 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 0 4 theme polyacrylic 46:56 arg1 acid 58:61 polyacrylic acid 46:61 polyacrylic acid 46:61 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 1 5 theme polyacrylic 144:154 arg1 PAA 162:164 PAA 162:164 PAA 162:164 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 1 5 theme polyacrylic 144:154 arg1 acid 156:159 polyacrylic acid 144:159 polyacrylic acid (PAA) 144:165 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 0 6 theme magnetic 71:78 arg1 nanocomposite 89:101 magnetic chitosan nanocomposite 71:101 magnetic chitosan nanocomposite 71:101 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 4 7 theme adsorption 622:631 arg1 performance 633:643 significantly better adsorption performance 601:643 significantly better adsorption performance 601:643 This environmental-friendly, magnetic, composite adsorbent showed significantly better adsorption performance than those of the individual adsorbents alone. 31730966 5 8 theme adsorption 704:713 arg1 capacity 715:722 The maximal adsorption capacity 692:722 The maximal adsorption capacity 692:722 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 5 8 theme adsorption 704:713 arg1 204.89 mg/g 728:738 204.89 mg/g 728:738 204.89 mg/g 728:738 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 7 9 theme acid 1033:1036 arg1 resistance 1038:1047 the acid resistance 1029:1047 the acid resistance of CS 1029:1053 Further, introduction of PAA also improved the acid resistance of CS. 31730966 2 10 theme magnetic-CS-PAA 363:377 arg1 nanocomposite 389:401 a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite 361:401 a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite 361:401 In order to facilitate recovery, magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in CS-PAA to obtain a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite. 31730966 0 11 theme chitosan 80:87 arg1 nanocomposite 89:101 magnetic chitosan nanocomposite 71:101 magnetic chitosan nanocomposite 71:101 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 1 12 with combination 115:125 arg1 PAA 162:164 PAA 162:164 PAA 162:164 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 1 12 with combination 115:125 arg1 acid 156:159 polyacrylic acid 144:159 polyacrylic acid (PAA) 144:165 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 1 13 theme acidity 180:186 arg1 resistance 188:197 the acidity resistance 176:197 the acidity resistance of chitosan 176:209 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 4 14 theme better 615:620 arg1 performance 633:643 significantly better adsorption performance 601:643 significantly better adsorption performance 601:643 This environmental-friendly, magnetic, composite adsorbent showed significantly better adsorption performance than those of the individual adsorbents alone. 31730966 7 15 theme PAA 1011:1013 arg1 introduction 995:1006 introduction 995:1006 introduction of PAA 995:1013 Further, introduction of PAA also improved the acid resistance of CS. 31730966 6 16 theme carboxyl 926:933 arg1 amino 936:940 the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups 922:961 amino 936:940 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 5 17 theme Pb 808:809 arg1 concentration 791:803 the concentration 787:803 the concentration of Pb(II) 787:813 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 0 18 theme Pb 14:15 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid 0:61 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 1 19 theme adsorption 255:264 arg1 field 246:250 the field 242:250 the field of adsorption 242:264 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 5 20 theme 70 min 855:860 arg1 time 847:850 the equilibrium time 831:850 the equilibrium time of 70 min 831:860 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 5 21 theme Langmuir 757:764 arg1 model 775:779 the Langmuir isotherm model 753:779 the Langmuir isotherm model 753:779 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 2 22 theme MCS-PAA 380:386 arg1 nanocomposite 389:401 a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite 361:401 a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite 361:401 In order to facilitate recovery, magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in CS-PAA to obtain a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite. 31730966 3 23 theme chemical 421:428 arg1 characteristics 430:444 The physical and chemical characteristics 404:444 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 404:479 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS. 31730966 3 24 theme physical 408:415 arg1 characteristics 430:444 The physical and chemical characteristics 404:444 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 404:479 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS. 31730966 1 25 from potential 229:237 arg1 field 246:250 the field 242:250 the field of adsorption 242:264 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 8 26 theme Pb 1177:1178 arg1 adsorption 1163:1172 the adsorption 1159:1172 the adsorption of Pb(II) 1159:1182 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA is thus expected to facilitate a wider range of applications for chitosan in the adsorption of Pb(II). 31730966 0 27 theme aqueous 26:32 arg1 solution 34:41 aqueous solution 26:41 aqueous solution 26:41 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 5 28 theme maximal 696:702 arg1 capacity 715:722 The maximal adsorption capacity 692:722 The maximal adsorption capacity 692:722 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 5 28 theme maximal 696:702 arg1 204.89 mg/g 728:738 204.89 mg/g 728:738 204.89 mg/g 728:738 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 8 29 theme wider 1115:1119 arg1 range 1121:1125 a wider range 1113:1125 a wider range of applications for chitosan 1113:1154 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA is thus expected to facilitate a wider range of applications for chitosan in the adsorption of Pb(II). 31730966 0 30 from solution 34:41 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid 0:61 Adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution by polyacrylic acid grafted magnetic chitosan nanocomposite. 31730966 3 31 theme MCS-PAA 473:479 arg1 characteristics 430:444 The physical and chemical characteristics 404:444 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 404:479 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS. 31730966 3 32 theme composite 453:461 arg1 MCS-PAA 473:479 the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 449:479 the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 449:479 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS. 31730966 2 33 theme magnetic 300:307 arg1 nanoparticles 309:321 magnetic nanoparticles 300:321 magnetic nanoparticles 300:321 In order to facilitate recovery, magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in CS-PAA to obtain a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite. 31730966 6 34 from complexation 901:912 arg1 II 981:982 II 981:982 II 981:982 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 6 34 from complexation 901:912 arg1 Pb 978:979 Pb 978:979 Pb(II) 978:983 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 6 34 from complexation 901:912 arg1 MCS-PAA 966:972 MCS-PAA 966:972 MCS-PAA 966:972 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 2 35 dep obtain 354:359 arg1 CS-PAA 344:349 CS-PAA 344:349 CS-PAA 344:349 In order to facilitate recovery, magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in CS-PAA to obtain a magnetic-CS-PAA (MCS-PAA) nanocomposite. 31730966 1 36 theme creative 106:113 arg1 combination 115:125 A creative combination 104:125 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) 104:165 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 3 37 theme adsorbent 463:471 arg1 MCS-PAA 473:479 the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 449:479 the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA 449:479 The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite adsorbent MCS-PAA were determined by SEM, TEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD, and XPS. 31730966 8 38 theme applications 1130:1141 arg1 range 1121:1125 a wider range 1113:1125 a wider range of applications for chitosan 1113:1154 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA is thus expected to facilitate a wider range of applications for chitosan in the adsorption of Pb(II). 31730966 1 39 theme chitosan 202:209 arg1 resistance 188:197 the acidity resistance 176:197 the acidity resistance of chitosan 176:209 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 4 40 dep environmental-friendly 540:561 arg1 composite 574:582 composite 574:582 composite 574:582 This environmental-friendly, magnetic, composite adsorbent showed significantly better adsorption performance than those of the individual adsorbents alone. 31730966 4 40 dep environmental-friendly 540:561 arg1 magnetic 564:571 magnetic 564:571 magnetic 564:571 This environmental-friendly, magnetic, composite adsorbent showed significantly better adsorption performance than those of the individual adsorbents alone. 31730966 5 41 theme equilibrium 835:845 arg1 time 847:850 the equilibrium time 831:850 the equilibrium time of 70 min 831:860 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 7 42 theme CS 1052:1053 arg1 resistance 1038:1047 the acid resistance 1029:1047 the acid resistance of CS 1029:1053 Further, introduction of PAA also improved the acid resistance of CS. 31730966 6 43 theme adsorption 872:881 arg1 mechanism 883:891 The main adsorption mechanism 863:891 The main adsorption mechanism 863:891 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 6 43 theme adsorption 872:881 arg1 complexation 901:912 the complexation 897:912 the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II) 897:983 The main adsorption mechanism was the complexation between the carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups in MCS-PAA and Pb(II). 31730966 5 44 theme isotherm 766:773 arg1 model 775:779 the Langmuir isotherm model 753:779 the Langmuir isotherm model 753:779 The maximal adsorption capacity was 204.89 mg/g according to the Langmuir isotherm model, when the concentration of Pb(II) was 100 mg/L at the equilibrium time of 70 min. 31730966 1 45 theme chitosan 130:137 arg1 combination 115:125 A creative combination 104:125 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) 104:165 A creative combination of chitosan with polyacrylic acid (PAA) improves the acidity resistance of chitosan and increases its potential in the field of adsorption. 31730966 8 46 theme adsorbent 1064:1072 arg1 MCS-PAA 1074:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA 1056:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA 1056:1080 The new adsorbent MCS-PAA is thus expected to facilitate a wider range of applications for chitosan in the adsorption of Pb(II). 29789824 2 0 theme clinical 385:392 arg1 applications 394:405 their clinical applications 379:405 their clinical applications 379:405 However, rapid degradation and poor cytocompatibility hinder their clinical applications. 29789824 10 1 theme direct 1764:1769 arg1 coating 1775:1781 the direct PDA coating 1760:1781 the direct PDA coating 1760:1781 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 4 2 theme electrochemical 624:638 arg1 spectroscopy 650:661 the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 620:661 the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 620:661 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 11 3 theme LDH/PDA 1843:1849 arg1 coating 1861:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating 1839:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization 1839:1895 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 11 3 theme LDH/PDA 1843:1849 arg1 method 1912:1917 a promising method 1900:1917 a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility 1900:2042 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 0 4 theme Layered 0:6 arg1 coating 49:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating 0:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: 0:97 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 8 5 theme corrosion 1186:1194 arg1 resistance 1196:1205 corrosion resistance 1186:1205 corrosion resistance 1186:1205 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 1 6 theme promising 199:207 arg1 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium (Mg) 165:178 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 6 theme promising 199:207 arg1 materials 230:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials 199:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo 199:315 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 6 theme promising 199:207 arg1 alloys 188:193 its alloys 184:193 its alloys 184:193 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 7 theme due 240:242 arg1 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium (Mg) 165:178 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 7 theme due 240:242 arg1 materials 230:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials 199:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo 199:315 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 7 theme due 240:242 arg1 alloys 188:193 its alloys 184:193 its alloys 184:193 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 10 8 theme adverse 1727:1733 arg1 effects 1749:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects 1723:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate 1723:1803 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 5 9 theme cells 902:906 arg1 rate 861:864 the proliferation rate 843:864 the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 843:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 5 9 theme cells 902:906 arg1 process 831:837 the adherence process 817:837 the adherence process 817:837 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 11 10 theme composite 1851:1859 arg1 coating 1861:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating 1839:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization 1839:1895 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 11 10 theme composite 1851:1859 arg1 method 1912:1917 a promising method 1900:1917 a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility 1900:2042 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 10 11 theme PDA 1771:1773 arg1 coating 1775:1781 the direct PDA coating 1760:1781 the direct PDA coating 1760:1781 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 5 12 theme umbilical 875:883 arg1 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 5 12 theme umbilical 875:883 arg1 cells 902:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 869:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 869:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 8 13 theme HUVECs 1238:1243 arg1 resistance 1196:1205 corrosion resistance 1186:1205 corrosion resistance 1186:1205 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 8 13 theme HUVECs 1238:1243 arg1 proliferation 1221:1233 long-term proliferation 1211:1233 long-term proliferation 1211:1233 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 6 14 theme HUVECs 968:973 arg1 number 951:956 the number 947:956 the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample 947:995 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 6 14 theme HUVECs 968:973 arg1 comparable 1001:1010 comparable 1001:1010 comparable 1001:1010 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 8 15 theme L/P 1319:1321 arg1 sample 1323:1328 the L/P sample 1315:1328 the L/P sample 1315:1328 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 11 16 theme Mg 1944:1945 arg1 alloys 1947:1952 Mg alloys 1944:1952 Mg alloys 1944:1952 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 4 17 theme sample 737:742 arg1 resistance 711:720 the corrosion resistance 697:720 the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample 697:742 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 5 18 theme vein 885:888 arg1 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 5 18 theme vein 885:888 arg1 cells 902:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 869:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 869:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 9 19 theme LDH/PDA 1516:1522 arg1 sample 1524:1529 the LDH/PDA sample 1512:1529 the LDH/PDA sample 1512:1529 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 10 20 theme AZ31 1790:1793 arg1 substrate 1795:1803 the AZ31 substrate 1786:1803 the AZ31 substrate 1786:1803 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 5 21 theme LDH/PDA 785:791 arg1 sample 793:798 The LDH/PDA sample 781:798 The LDH/PDA sample 781:798 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 10 22 theme low 1648:1650 arg1 rate 1662:1665 a low hemolysis rate 1646:1665 a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) 1646:1697 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 6 23 theme LDH 1086:1088 arg1 coating 1090:1096 the AZ31 or LDH coating 1074:1096 coating 1090:1096 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 3 24 theme corrosion 423:431 arg1 resistance 433:442 corrosion resistance 423:442 corrosion resistance 423:442 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 0 25 from coating 49:55 arg1 alloys 91:96 Mg alloys 88:96 Mg alloys 88:96 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 3 26 theme AZ31 474:477 arg1 alloy 479:483 the AZ31 alloy 470:483 the AZ31 alloy 470:483 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 5 27 theme human 869:873 arg1 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 5 27 theme human 869:873 arg1 cells 902:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 869:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 869:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 6 28 theme AZ31 1078:1081 arg1 coating 1090:1096 the AZ31 or LDH coating 1074:1096 coating 1090:1096 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 3 29 theme hydroxide 503:511 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 29 theme hydroxide 503:511 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 0 30 theme hydroxide/poly-dopamine 15:37 arg1 coating 49:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating 0:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: 0:97 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 10 31 theme biocompatible 1735:1747 arg1 effects 1749:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects 1723:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate 1723:1803 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 11 32 theme further 1874:1880 arg1 heparinization 1882:1895 further heparinization 1874:1895 further heparinization 1874:1895 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 10 33 dep rate 1662:1665 arg1 % 1672:1672 2.52% 1668:1672 2.52% 1668:1672 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 10 33 dep rate 1662:1665 arg1 % 1682:1682 0.65% 1678:1682 0.65% 1678:1682 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 3 34 theme layered 488:494 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 34 theme layered 488:494 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 9 35 theme LDH/PDA 1589:1595 arg1 sample 1597:1602 the LDH/PDA sample 1585:1602 the LDH/PDA sample 1585:1602 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 3 36 theme /poly-dopamine 518:531 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 36 theme /poly-dopamine 518:531 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 0 37 theme surface 62:68 arg1 heparinization 70:83 surface heparinization 62:83 surface heparinization 62:83 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 3 38 theme LDH 514:516 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 38 theme LDH 514:516 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 4 39 theme impedance 640:648 arg1 spectroscopy 650:661 the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 620:661 the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 620:661 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 6 40 from number 951:956 arg1 sample 990:995 the LDH/PDA sample 978:995 the LDH/PDA sample 978:995 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 3 41 theme double 496:501 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 41 theme double 496:501 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 42 theme composite 539:547 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 42 theme composite 539:547 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 1 43 theme favourable 253:262 arg1 properties 273:282 their favourable physical properties 247:282 their favourable physical properties 247:282 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 6 44 theme living 961:966 arg1 HUVECs 968:973 living HUVECs 961:973 living HUVECs 961:973 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 4 45 theme Nyquist 663:669 arg1 test 680:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 0 46 with coating 49:55 arg1 heparinization 70:83 surface heparinization 62:83 surface heparinization 62:83 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 3 47 theme PDA 534:536 arg1 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 LDH/PDA 558:564 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 47 theme PDA 534:536 arg1 coating 549:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating 486:555 a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) 486:565 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 10 48 contain had 1642:1644 arg1 samples 1634:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 10 48 contain had 1642:1644 arg2 rate 1662:1665 a low hemolysis rate 1646:1665 a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) 1646:1697 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 1 49 theme complete 288:295 arg1 degradation 297:307 complete degradation 288:307 complete degradation in vivo 288:315 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 11 50 theme alloys 1947:1952 arg1 surface 1933:1939 the surface 1929:1939 the surface of Mg alloys 1929:1952 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 4 51 theme corrosion 701:709 arg1 resistance 711:720 the corrosion resistance 697:720 the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample 697:742 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 9 52 theme LDH/PDA/HEP 1437:1447 arg1 sample 1449:1454 the LDH/PDA/HEP sample 1433:1454 the LDH/PDA/HEP sample 1433:1454 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 2 53 theme rapid 327:331 arg1 degradation 333:343 rapid degradation 327:343 rapid degradation 327:343 However, rapid degradation and poor cytocompatibility hinder their clinical applications. 29789824 5 54 theme endothelial 890:900 arg1 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 HUVECs 909:914 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 5 54 theme endothelial 890:900 arg1 cells 902:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 869:906 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 869:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 8 55 theme heparin 1271:1277 arg1 introduction 1255:1266 the introduction 1251:1266 the introduction of heparin 1251:1277 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 10 56 theme LDH/PDA/HEP 1622:1632 arg1 samples 1634:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 10 57 theme coating 1775:1781 arg1 effects 1749:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects 1723:1755 the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate 1723:1803 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 8 58 theme long-term 1211:1219 arg1 proliferation 1221:1233 long-term proliferation 1211:1233 long-term proliferation 1211:1233 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 6 59 theme LDH/PDA 982:988 arg1 sample 990:995 the LDH/PDA sample 978:995 the LDH/PDA sample 978:995 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 10 60 theme LDH/PDA 1610:1616 arg1 samples 1634:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples 1605:1640 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 4 61 dep curves 609:614 arg1 test 680:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 11 62 theme promising 1902:1910 arg1 coating 1861:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating 1839:1867 the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization 1839:1895 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 11 62 theme promising 1902:1910 arg1 method 1912:1917 a promising method 1900:1917 a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility 1900:2042 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 9 63 theme migration 1483:1491 arg1 rate 1493:1496 the HUVEC migration rate 1473:1496 the HUVEC migration rate 1473:1496 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 11 64 with coating 1861:1867 arg1 heparinization 1882:1895 further heparinization 1874:1895 further heparinization 1874:1895 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 11 65 theme corrosion 1981:1989 arg1 resistance 1991:2000 corrosion resistance 1981:2000 corrosion resistance 1981:2000 Our results suggest that the LDH/PDA composite coating with further heparinization is a promising method to modify the surface of Mg alloys by significantly improving corrosion resistance, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 0 66 theme Mg 88:89 arg1 alloys 91:96 Mg alloys 88:96 Mg alloys 88:96 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 1 67 theme cardiovascular 209:222 arg1 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium (Mg) 165:178 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 67 theme cardiovascular 209:222 arg1 materials 230:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials 199:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo 199:315 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 67 theme cardiovascular 209:222 arg1 alloys 188:193 its alloys 184:193 its alloys 184:193 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 4 68 theme LDH/PDA 729:735 arg1 sample 737:742 the LDH/PDA sample 725:742 the LDH/PDA sample 725:742 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 5 69 theme adherence 821:829 arg1 process 831:837 the adherence process 817:837 the adherence process 817:837 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 6 70 theme Ti 1027:1028 arg1 sample 1030:1035 the Ti sample 1023:1035 the Ti sample 1023:1035 After culturing for 10 days, the number of living HUVECs on the LDH/PDA sample was comparable to that on the Ti sample whereas the cells barely survived on the AZ31 or LDH coating. 29789824 10 71 from effects 1749:1755 arg1 substrate 1795:1803 the AZ31 substrate 1786:1803 the AZ31 substrate 1786:1803 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 3 72 dep resistance 433:442 arg1 the 419:421 the 419:421 the 419:421 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 1 73 theme stent 224:228 arg1 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium 165:173 Magnesium (Mg) 165:178 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 73 theme stent 224:228 arg1 materials 230:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials 199:238 promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo 199:315 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 1 73 theme stent 224:228 arg1 alloys 188:193 its alloys 184:193 its alloys 184:193 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 29789824 9 74 theme platelet 1546:1553 arg1 adhesion 1555:1562 platelet adhesion 1546:1562 platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample 1546:1602 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 0 75 theme double 8:13 arg1 coating 49:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating 0:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: 0:97 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 3 76 theme alloy 479:483 arg1 endothelialization 448:465 endothelialization 448:465 endothelialization 448:465 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 3 76 theme alloy 479:483 arg1 resistance 433:442 corrosion resistance 423:442 corrosion resistance 423:442 To enhance the corrosion resistance and endothelialization of the AZ31 alloy, a layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly-dopamine (PDA) composite coating (LDH/PDA) was successfully fabricated. 29789824 0 77 theme composite 39:47 arg1 coating 49:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating 0:55 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: 0:97 Layered double hydroxide/poly-dopamine composite coating with surface heparinization on Mg alloys: improved anticorrosion, endothelialization and hemocompatibility. 29789824 4 78 theme Polarization 596:607 arg1 curves 609:614 Polarization curves 596:614 Polarization curves 596:614 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 7 79 theme covalent 1153:1160 arg1 LDH/PDA/HEP 1168:1178 LDH/PDA/HEP 1168:1178 LDH/PDA/HEP 1168:1178 Furthermore, heparin was immobilized on LDH/PDA via a covalent bond (LDH/PDA/HEP). 29789824 7 79 theme covalent 1153:1160 arg1 bond 1162:1165 a covalent bond 1151:1165 a covalent bond (LDH/PDA/HEP) 1151:1179 Furthermore, heparin was immobilized on LDH/PDA via a covalent bond (LDH/PDA/HEP). 29789824 8 80 theme LDH 1387:1389 arg1 AZ31 1377:1380 AZ31 1377:1380 AZ31 1377:1380 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 8 80 theme LDH 1387:1389 arg1 coating 1391:1397 the LDH coating 1383:1397 the LDH coating 1383:1397 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 10 81 theme hemolysis 1652:1660 arg1 rate 1662:1665 a low hemolysis rate 1646:1665 a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) 1646:1697 Both LDH/PDA and LDH/PDA/HEP samples had a low hemolysis rate (2.52% and 0.65%, respectively) in vitro and eliminated the adverse biocompatible effects of the direct PDA coating on the AZ31 substrate in vivo. 29789824 5 82 theme proliferation 847:859 arg1 rate 861:864 the proliferation rate 843:864 the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 843:915 The LDH/PDA sample greatly improved the adherence process and the proliferation rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 29789824 8 83 dep resistance 1196:1205 arg1 The 1182:1184 The 1182:1184 The 1182:1184 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 8 84 theme PDA 1407:1409 arg1 coating 1411:1417 the PDA coating 1403:1417 the PDA coating 1403:1417 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 8 84 theme PDA 1407:1409 arg1 AZ31 1377:1380 AZ31 1377:1380 AZ31 1377:1380 The corrosion resistance and long-term proliferation of HUVECs after the introduction of heparin were mildly decreased compared with the L/P sample, but were still greatly improved compared with AZ31, the LDH coating and the PDA coating. 29789824 2 85 theme poor 349:352 arg1 cytocompatibility 354:370 poor cytocompatibility 349:370 poor cytocompatibility 349:370 However, rapid degradation and poor cytocompatibility hinder their clinical applications. 29789824 9 86 theme HUVEC 1477:1481 arg1 rate 1493:1496 the HUVEC migration rate 1473:1496 the HUVEC migration rate 1473:1496 Furthermore, the LDH/PDA/HEP sample greatly improved the HUVEC migration rate compared with the LDH/PDA sample, and inhibited platelet adhesion which was intense on the LDH/PDA sample. 29789824 4 87 theme spectrum 671:678 arg1 test 680:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Nyquist spectrum test 663:683 Polarization curves and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Nyquist spectrum test proved that the corrosion resistance of the LDH/PDA sample was significantly improved in vitro. 29789824 1 88 theme physical 264:271 arg1 properties 273:282 their favourable physical properties 247:282 their favourable physical properties 247:282 Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising cardiovascular stent materials due to their favourable physical properties and complete degradation in vivo. 30504047 9 0 theme adsorption 1720:1729 arg1 process 1731:1737 the adsorption process 1716:1737 the adsorption process 1716:1737 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 7 1 theme Langmuir 1254:1261 arg1 model 1263:1267 the Langmuir model 1250:1267 the Langmuir model 1250:1267 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 3 2 theme oxide 670:674 arg1 features 633:640 the morphological features 615:640 the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO 615:682 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 3 3 theme SEM 701:703 arg1 technique 705:713 SEM technique 701:713 SEM technique 701:713 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 1 4 theme dye 467:469 arg1 removal 445:451 efficient removal 435:451 efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions 435:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 5 theme Rhodamine 472:480 arg1 dye 467:469 a cationic dye 456:469 a cationic dye 456:469 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 5 theme Rhodamine 472:480 arg1 B 482:482 Rhodamine B 472:482 Rhodamine B (RhB) 472:488 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 5 theme Rhodamine 472:480 arg1 RhB 485:487 RhB 485:487 RhB 485:487 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 9 6 theme complicated 1753:1763 arg1 characteristics 1776:1790 the complicated structural characteristics 1749:1790 the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite 1749:1814 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 7 7 theme experimental 1442:1453 arg1 capacity 1466:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 1 8 theme synergistic 201:211 arg1 combination 213:223 The synergistic combination 197:223 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 197:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 6 9 theme kinetic 1161:1167 arg1 model 1169:1173 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1137:1173 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1137:1173 The result of kinetics studies revealed that the adsorption was considerably fast and the data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30504047 1 10 theme adsorbent 407:415 arg1 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 10 theme adsorbent 407:415 arg1 nanobiocomposite 390:405 a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent 378:415 a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions 378:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 10 11 theme removal 1866:1872 arg1 efficiency 1874:1883 the removal efficiency 1862:1883 the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 1862:1915 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 1 12 dep groups 278:283 arg1 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 12 dep groups 278:283 arg1 groups 278:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups 228:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) 228:303 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 12 dep groups 278:283 arg1 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 0 13 theme B 148:148 arg1 removal 127:133 high removal 122:133 high removal of Rhodamine B 122:148 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 1 14 theme different 232:240 arg1 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 14 theme different 232:240 arg1 groups 278:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups 228:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) 228:303 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 14 theme different 232:240 arg1 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 15 used used 356:359 arg2 combination 213:223 The synergistic combination 197:223 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 197:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 0 16 theme Adsorption 151:160 arg1 mechanism 162:170 Adsorption mechanism 151:170 Adsorption mechanism 151:170 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 10 17 theme nanobiocomposite 1900:1915 arg1 efficiency 1874:1883 the removal efficiency 1862:1883 the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 1862:1915 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 5 18 dep dosage = 0.14 g L-1 948:966 arg1 pH = 7.5 1001:1008 pH = 7.5 1001:1008 pH = 7.5 1001:1008 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 5 18 dep dosage = 0.14 g L-1 948:966 arg1 °C 1028:1029 temperature = 33 °C 1011:1029 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 5 18 dep dosage = 0.14 g L-1 948:966 arg1 concentration = 114 mg L-1 973:998 dye concentration = 114 mg L-1 969:998 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 7 19 theme adsorption 1328:1337 arg1 capacity 1339:1346 the maximum adsorption capacity 1316:1346 the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model 1316:1376 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 7 19 theme adsorption 1328:1337 arg1 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 7 20 theme adsorption 1180:1189 arg1 equilibrium 1191:1201 The adsorption equilibrium 1176:1201 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO 1176:1236 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 0 21 theme magnetic 94:101 arg1 oxide 112:116 magnetic graphene oxide 94:116 magnetic graphene oxide 94:116 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 10 22 theme capacity 1967:1974 arg1 loss 1948:1951 little loss 1941:1951 little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%) 1941:1980 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 0 23 theme high 122:125 arg1 removal 127:133 high removal 122:133 high removal of Rhodamine B 122:148 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 1 24 theme promising 380:388 arg1 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 CS-EDTA-mGO 418:428 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 24 theme promising 380:388 arg1 nanobiocomposite 390:405 a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent 378:415 a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions 378:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 8 25 theme solid/solution 1606:1619 arg1 interface 1621:1629 the solid/solution interface 1602:1629 the solid/solution interface 1602:1629 The thermodynamic parameters represented that the interaction in the adsorption process was endothermic and the randomness at the solid/solution interface increased during the process. 30504047 0 26 theme environmental-friendly 8:29 arg1 synthesis 48:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis 0:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan 0:77 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 1 27 theme magnetic 310:317 arg1 mGO 335:337 mGO 335:337 mGO 335:337 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 27 theme magnetic 310:317 arg1 oxide 328:332 magnetic graphene oxide 310:332 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 5 28 theme sorbent 940:946 arg1 dosage = 0.14 g L-1 948:966 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1 940:966 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 6 29 theme kinetics 1047:1054 arg1 studies 1056:1062 kinetics studies 1047:1062 kinetics studies 1047:1062 The result of kinetics studies revealed that the adsorption was considerably fast and the data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30504047 10 30 theme adsorption 1956:1965 arg1 capacity 1967:1974 adsorption capacity 1956:1974 adsorption capacity (≈2%) 1956:1980 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 10 30 theme adsorption 1956:1965 arg1 % 1979:1979 ≈2% 1977:1979 ≈2% 1977:1979 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 4 31 theme faced-central 804:816 arg1 design 828:833 faced-central composite design 804:833 faced-central composite design 804:833 The adsorption conditions were designed and optimized by experimental design applied by faced-central composite design. 30504047 1 32 theme oxide 328:332 arg1 nano-sheets 340:350 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 7 33 theme maximum 1320:1326 arg1 capacity 1339:1346 the maximum adsorption capacity 1316:1346 the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model 1316:1376 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 7 33 theme maximum 1320:1326 arg1 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 1085.3 mg g-1 1382:1394 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 7 34 theme cationic 1210:1217 arg1 dye 1219:1221 the cationic dye 1206:1221 the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO 1206:1236 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 3 35 theme graphene 661:668 arg1 oxide 670:674 the synthesized graphene oxide 645:674 the synthesized graphene oxide 645:674 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 4 36 theme experimental 773:784 arg1 design 786:791 experimental design 773:791 experimental design applied by faced-central composite design 773:833 The adsorption conditions were designed and optimized by experimental design applied by faced-central composite design. 30504047 1 37 theme aqueous 496:502 arg1 solutions 504:512 aqueous solutions 496:512 aqueous solutions 496:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 38 theme environmentally 242:256 arg1 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 38 theme environmentally 242:256 arg1 groups 278:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups 228:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) 228:303 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 38 theme environmentally 242:256 arg1 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 8 39 theme thermodynamic 1480:1492 arg1 parameters 1494:1503 The thermodynamic parameters 1476:1503 The thermodynamic parameters 1476:1503 The thermodynamic parameters represented that the interaction in the adsorption process was endothermic and the randomness at the solid/solution interface increased during the process. 30504047 1 40 theme functional 267:276 arg1 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 40 theme functional 267:276 arg1 groups 278:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups 228:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) 228:303 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 40 theme functional 267:276 arg1 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 5 41 theme temperature = 33 1011:1026 arg1 °C 1028:1029 temperature = 33 °C 1011:1029 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 8 42 from interface 1621:1629 arg1 randomness 1588:1597 the randomness 1584:1597 the randomness at the solid/solution interface 1584:1629 The thermodynamic parameters represented that the interaction in the adsorption process was endothermic and the randomness at the solid/solution interface increased during the process. 30504047 1 43 theme cationic 458:465 arg1 dye 467:469 a cationic dye 456:469 a cationic dye 456:469 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 43 theme cationic 458:465 arg1 B 482:482 Rhodamine B 472:482 Rhodamine B (RhB) 472:488 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 10 44 theme adsorption/desorption 1839:1859 arg1 cycles 1829:1834 seven cycles 1823:1834 seven cycles of adsorption/desorption 1823:1859 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 5 45 theme sorption 863:870 arg1 capacity 872:879 high sorption capacity 858:879 high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C) 858:1030 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 10 46 theme CS-EDTA-mGO 1888:1898 arg1 nanobiocomposite 1900:1915 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 1888:1915 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 1888:1915 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 2 47 theme zeta 590:593 arg1 potential 595:603 zeta potential 590:603 zeta potential 590:603 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, VSM, TGA, and zeta potential. 30504047 7 48 theme adsorption 1455:1464 arg1 capacity 1466:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 0 49 theme Rhodamine 138:146 arg1 B 148:148 Rhodamine B 138:148 Rhodamine B 138:148 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 6 50 theme pseudo-second-order 1141:1159 arg1 model 1169:1173 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1137:1173 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 1137:1173 The result of kinetics studies revealed that the adsorption was considerably fast and the data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30504047 9 51 theme structural 1765:1774 arg1 characteristics 1776:1790 the complicated structural characteristics 1749:1790 the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite 1749:1814 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 10 52 with % 1934:1934 arg1 loss 1948:1951 little loss 1941:1951 little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%) 1941:1980 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 9 53 theme nanobiocomposite 1799:1814 arg1 characteristics 1776:1790 the complicated structural characteristics 1749:1790 the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite 1749:1814 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 5 54 theme % 899:899 arg1 % 892:892 the R% 887:892 the R% of 92% 887:899 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 5 54 theme % 899:899 arg1 % 899:899 92% 897:899 92% 897:899 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 0 55 theme separation 176:185 arg1 property 187:194 separation property 176:194 separation property 176:194 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 1 56 theme efficient 435:443 arg1 removal 445:451 efficient removal 435:451 efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions 435:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 10 57 theme little 1941:1946 arg1 loss 1948:1951 little loss 1941:1951 little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%) 1941:1980 After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption, the removal efficiency of CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was still over 80% with little loss of adsorption capacity (≈2%). 30504047 8 58 theme adsorption 1545:1554 arg1 process 1556:1562 the adsorption process 1541:1562 the adsorption process 1541:1562 The thermodynamic parameters represented that the interaction in the adsorption process was endothermic and the randomness at the solid/solution interface increased during the process. 30504047 5 59 theme R 891:891 arg1 % 892:892 the R% 887:892 the R% of 92% 887:899 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 5 59 theme R 891:891 arg1 % 899:899 92% 897:899 92% 897:899 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 0 60 theme graphene 103:110 arg1 oxide 112:116 magnetic graphene oxide 94:116 magnetic graphene oxide 94:116 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 5 61 dep conditions 928:937 arg1 dosage = 0.14 g L-1 948:966 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1 940:966 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 7 62 theme dye 1219:1221 arg1 equilibrium 1191:1201 The adsorption equilibrium 1176:1201 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO 1176:1236 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 7 63 theme maximum 1434:1440 arg1 capacity 1466:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 2 64 theme CS-EDTA-mGO 515:525 arg1 nanobiocomposite 527:542 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 515:542 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite 515:542 CS-EDTA-mGO nanobiocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, VSM, TGA, and zeta potential. 30504047 7 65 with consistent 1414:1423 arg1 capacity 1466:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 the maximum experimental adsorption capacity 1430:1473 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 5 66 theme dye 969:971 arg1 concentration = 114 mg L-1 973:998 dye concentration = 114 mg L-1 969:998 sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C 940:1029 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 7 67 theme Langmuir 1363:1370 arg1 model 1372:1376 Langmuir model 1363:1376 Langmuir model 1363:1376 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 0 68 theme novel 2:6 arg1 synthesis 48:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis 0:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan 0:77 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 5 69 theme optimal 920:926 arg1 conditions 928:937 optimal conditions 920:937 optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C) 920:1030 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 1 70 from solutions 504:512 arg1 removal 445:451 efficient removal 435:451 efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions 435:512 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 0 71 theme nanobiocomposite 31:46 arg1 synthesis 48:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis 0:56 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan 0:77 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 0 72 dep functionalized 79:92 arg1 mechanism 162:170 Adsorption mechanism 151:170 Adsorption mechanism 151:170 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 0 72 dep functionalized 79:92 arg1 property 187:194 separation property 176:194 separation property 176:194 A novel environmental-friendly nanobiocomposite synthesis by EDTA and chitosan functionalized magnetic graphene oxide for high removal of Rhodamine B: Adsorption mechanism and separation property. 30504047 6 73 theme studies 1056:1062 arg1 result 1037:1042 The result 1033:1042 The result of kinetics studies 1033:1062 The result of kinetics studies revealed that the adsorption was considerably fast and the data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 30504047 3 74 theme morphological 619:631 arg1 features 633:640 the morphological features 615:640 the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO 615:682 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 4 75 theme adsorption 720:729 arg1 conditions 731:740 The adsorption conditions 716:740 The adsorption conditions 716:740 The adsorption conditions were designed and optimized by experimental design applied by faced-central composite design. 30504047 1 76 theme graphene 319:326 arg1 mGO 335:337 mGO 335:337 mGO 335:337 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 76 theme graphene 319:326 arg1 oxide 328:332 magnetic graphene oxide 310:332 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 77 with combination 213:223 arg1 nano-sheets 340:350 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 310:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 9 78 theme physical 1666:1673 arg1 mechanisms 1688:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms 1661:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms 1661:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 8 79 from interaction 1526:1536 arg1 process 1556:1562 the adsorption process 1541:1562 the adsorption process 1541:1562 The thermodynamic parameters represented that the interaction in the adsorption process was endothermic and the randomness at the solid/solution interface increased during the process. 30504047 9 80 theme chemical 1679:1686 arg1 mechanisms 1688:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms 1661:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms 1661:1697 Both physical and chemical mechanisms were involved in the adsorption process, owing to the complicated structural characteristics of the nanobiocomposite. 30504047 3 81 theme synthesized 649:659 arg1 oxide 670:674 the synthesized graphene oxide 645:674 the synthesized graphene oxide 645:674 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 4 82 theme composite 818:826 arg1 design 828:833 faced-central composite design 804:833 faced-central composite design 804:833 The adsorption conditions were designed and optimized by experimental design applied by faced-central composite design. 30504047 7 83 theme experimental 1280:1291 arg1 data 1293:1296 the experimental data 1276:1296 the experimental data 1276:1296 The adsorption equilibrium of the cationic dye by CS-EDTA-mGO showed that the Langmuir model fitted the experimental data significantly and the maximum adsorption capacity estimated from Langmuir model was 1085.3 mg g-1, which was highly consistent with the maximum experimental adsorption capacity. 30504047 1 84 theme friendly 258:265 arg1 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 EDTA 286:289 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 84 theme friendly 258:265 arg1 groups 278:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups 228:283 two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) 228:303 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 1 84 theme friendly 258:265 arg1 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 Chitosan 295:302 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 30504047 5 85 theme high 858:861 arg1 capacity 872:879 high sorption capacity 858:879 high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C) 858:1030 CS-EDTA-mGO indicated high sorption capacity where the R% of 92% was obtained under optimal conditions (sorbent dosage = 0.14 g L-1; dye concentration = 114 mg L-1; pH = 7.5; temperature = 33 °C). 30504047 3 86 theme mGO 680:682 arg1 features 633:640 the morphological features 615:640 the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO 615:682 Further, the morphological features of the synthesized graphene oxide and mGO were examined by SEM technique. 30504047 1 87 theme groups 278:283 arg1 combination 213:223 The synergistic combination 197:223 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets 197:350 The synergistic combination of two different environmentally friendly functional groups (EDTA and Chitosan) with magnetic graphene oxide (mGO) nano-sheets was used for synthesizing a promising nanobiocomposite adsorbent (CS-EDTA-mGO) for efficient removal of a cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), from aqueous solutions. 31861304 1 0 theme magnetic 349:356 arg1 material 358:365 magnetic material 349:365 magnetic material 349:365 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 4 1 theme initial 892:898 arg1 concentration 915:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 1 2 theme plant 168:172 arg1 kenaf 174:178 the fiber plant kenaf 158:178 the fiber plant kenaf 158:178 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 1 3 theme acid 252:255 arg1 solution 257:264 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 2 4 theme conditions 498:507 arg1 effects 478:484 the effects 474:484 the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance 474:612 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 5 5 theme blue 1185:1188 arg1 methylene 1175:1183 methylene blue 1175:1188 methylene blue 1175:1188 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 2 6 theme adsorption 591:600 arg1 performance 602:612 the adsorption performance 587:612 the adsorption performance 587:612 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 1 7 theme kenaf 174:178 arg1 pyrolysis 145:153 pyrolysis 145:153 pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf 145:178 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 2 8 theme blue 532:535 arg1 concentration 537:549 methylene blue concentration 522:549 methylene blue concentration 522:549 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 3 9 theme isotherm 690:697 arg1 models 699:704 isotherm models 690:704 isotherm models 690:704 The adsorption data were fitted and analyzed with kinetic and isotherm models, and the results showed that the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material effectively adsorbed methylene blue. 31861304 4 10 theme blue 910:913 arg1 concentration 915:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 6 11 theme maximum 1242:1248 arg1 capacity 1261:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity 1238:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1238:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 0 12 theme Blue 111:114 arg1 Removal 116:122 Methylene Blue Removal 101:122 Methylene Blue Removal 101:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 2 13 from effects 478:484 arg1 performance 602:612 the adsorption performance 587:612 the adsorption performance 587:612 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 4 14 theme methylene 900:908 arg1 concentration 915:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 initial methylene blue concentration 892:927 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 2 15 theme adsorption 372:381 arg1 properties 383:392 The adsorption properties 368:392 The adsorption properties of the composite 368:409 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 4 16 theme adsorption 970:979 arg1 performance 981:991 the adsorption performance 966:991 the adsorption performance 966:991 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 2 17 theme external 489:496 arg1 conditions 498:507 external conditions 489:507 external conditions 489:507 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 2 17 theme external 489:496 arg1 time 561:564 reaction time 552:564 reaction time 552:564 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 2 17 theme external 489:496 arg1 temperature 571:581 temperature 571:581 temperature 571:581 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 2 17 theme external 489:496 arg1 concentration 537:549 methylene blue concentration 522:549 methylene blue concentration 522:549 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 2 17 theme external 489:496 arg1 pH 518:519 pH 518:519 pH 518:519 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 3 18 theme magnetic 762:769 arg1 material 771:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 The adsorption data were fitted and analyzed with kinetic and isotherm models, and the results showed that the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material effectively adsorbed methylene blue. 31861304 4 19 theme neutral 1008:1014 arg1 conditions 1029:1038 neutral and alkaline conditions 1008:1038 conditions 1029:1038 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 6 20 theme magnetic 1320:1327 arg1 material 1329:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 2 21 theme composite 401:409 arg1 properties 383:392 The adsorption properties 368:392 The adsorption properties of the composite 368:409 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 3 22 theme BiFeO3/biochar 739:752 arg1 material 771:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 The adsorption data were fitted and analyzed with kinetic and isotherm models, and the results showed that the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material effectively adsorbed methylene blue. 31861304 6 23 theme coupled 1312:1318 arg1 material 1329:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 5 24 theme isotherm 1085:1092 arg1 models 1094:1099 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models 1041:1099 models 1094:1099 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 6 25 theme binding 1399:1405 arg1 activity 1407:1414 the excellent dye binding activity 1381:1414 the excellent dye binding activity of this material 1381:1431 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 1 26 theme bismuth 195:201 arg1 BiFeO3 212:217 BiFeO3 212:217 BiFeO3 212:217 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 1 26 theme bismuth 195:201 arg1 ferrite 203:209 bismuth ferrite 195:209 bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 195:264 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 3 27 theme coupled 754:760 arg1 material 771:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 735:778 The adsorption data were fitted and analyzed with kinetic and isotherm models, and the results showed that the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material effectively adsorbed methylene blue. 31861304 0 28 link Chitosan-Crosslinked 26:45 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 5 29 theme methylene 1175:1183 arg1 adsorption 1161:1170 the adsorption 1157:1170 the adsorption of methylene blue 1157:1188 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 2 30 theme reaction 552:559 arg1 time 561:564 reaction time 552:564 reaction time 552:564 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 2 31 theme blue 445:448 arg1 methylene 435:443 methylene blue 435:448 methylene blue dissolved in water 435:467 The adsorption properties of the composite were investigated using methylene blue dissolved in water, and the effects of external conditions, such as pH, methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance were studied. 31861304 0 32 theme Bismuth 47:53 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 6 33 theme dye 1395:1397 arg1 activity 1407:1414 the excellent dye binding activity 1381:1414 the excellent dye binding activity of this material 1381:1431 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 5 34 theme adsorption 1127:1136 arg1 data 1138:1141 the adsorption data 1123:1141 the adsorption data 1123:1141 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 6 35 theme BiFeO3/biochar 1297:1310 arg1 material 1329:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1293:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 0 36 theme Chitosan-Crosslinked 26:45 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 4 37 theme alkaline 1020:1027 arg1 conditions 1029:1038 neutral and alkaline conditions 1008:1038 conditions 1029:1038 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 3 38 theme adsorption 632:641 arg1 data 643:646 The adsorption data 628:646 The adsorption data 628:646 The adsorption data were fitted and analyzed with kinetic and isotherm models, and the results showed that the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material effectively adsorbed methylene blue. 31861304 1 39 link chitosan-crosslinked 305:324 arg1 BiFeO3/biochar 326:339 a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar 303:339 a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 303:365 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 0 40 theme Coupled 71:77 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 5 41 theme chemical 1204:1211 arg1 adsorption 1226:1235 both chemical and physical adsorption 1199:1235 both chemical and physical adsorption 1199:1235 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 0 42 theme Ferrite/Biochar 55:69 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 1 43 theme chitosan-crosslinked 305:324 arg1 BiFeO3/biochar 326:339 a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar 303:339 a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 303:365 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 5 44 theme Langmuir 1076:1083 arg1 models 1094:1099 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models 1041:1099 models 1094:1099 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 4 45 theme magnetic 848:855 arg1 material 857:864 this magnetic material 843:864 this magnetic material 843:864 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 1 46 from ferrite 203:209 arg1 solution 257:264 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 6 47 theme blue 1283:1286 arg1 methylene 1273:1281 methylene blue 1273:1286 methylene blue 1273:1286 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 5 48 theme physical 1217:1224 arg1 adsorption 1226:1235 both chemical and physical adsorption 1199:1235 both chemical and physical adsorption 1199:1235 The pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models satisfactorily fitted the adsorption data, showing that the adsorption of methylene blue involved both chemical and physical adsorption. 31861304 6 49 theme methylene 1273:1281 arg1 capacity 1261:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity 1238:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1238:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 6 50 theme excellent 1385:1393 arg1 activity 1407:1414 the excellent dye binding activity 1381:1414 the excellent dye binding activity of this material 1381:1431 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 4 51 theme reaction 930:937 arg1 time 939:942 reaction time 930:942 reaction time 930:942 The amounts adsorbed onto this magnetic material increased with increasing initial methylene blue concentration, reaction time, and temperature, and the adsorption performance improved under neutral and alkaline conditions. 31861304 6 52 theme material 1424:1431 arg1 activity 1407:1414 the excellent dye binding activity 1381:1414 the excellent dye binding activity of this material 1381:1431 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 0 53 theme Material 88:95 arg1 Preparation 11:21 Preparation 11:21 Preparation 11:21 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 0 53 theme Material 88:95 arg1 Design 0:5 Design 0:5 Design 0:5 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 1 54 theme chitosan-containing 225:243 arg1 acid 252:255 a chitosan-containing acetic acid 223:255 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 0 55 theme Magnetic 79:86 arg1 Material 88:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material 26:95 Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal 26:122 Design and Preparation of Chitosan-Crosslinked Bismuth Ferrite/Biochar Coupled Magnetic Material for Methylene Blue Removal. 31861304 6 56 theme adsorption 1250:1259 arg1 capacity 1261:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity 1238:1268 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material 1238:1336 The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue onto the BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material reached 18.942 mg·g-1 at 25 °C, confirming the excellent dye binding activity of this material. 31861304 1 57 theme fiber 162:166 arg1 kenaf 174:178 the fiber plant kenaf 158:178 the fiber plant kenaf 158:178 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31861304 1 58 theme acetic 245:250 arg1 acid 252:255 a chitosan-containing acetic acid 223:255 a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution 223:264 Biochar obtained by pyrolysis of the fiber plant kenaf was mixed with bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in a chitosan-containing acetic acid solution, magnetized, and modified to prepare a chitosan-crosslinked BiFeO3/biochar coupled magnetic material. 31424516 9 0 theme species 1566:1572 arg1 abundances 1508:1517 the relative abundances 1495:1517 the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species 1495:1572 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 2 1 theme growth 287:292 arg1 performance 294:304 growth performance 287:304 growth performance 287:304 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 2 2 from activity 336:343 arg1 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 4 3 with supplementation 549:563 arg1 inulin 583:588 1, 2, and 4% inulin 570:588 1, 2, and 4% inulin 570:588 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 9 4 theme bird 1586:1589 arg1 age 1591:1593 an early bird age 1577:1593 an early bird age 1577:1593 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 4 5 theme food 632:635 arg1 rate 648:651 food conversion rate 632:651 food conversion rate 632:651 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 1 6 theme attractive 172:181 arg1 Inulin 145:150 Inulin 145:150 Inulin 145:150 Inulin, a prebiotic, is an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens. 31424516 1 6 theme attractive 172:181 arg1 alternative 183:193 an attractive alternative 169:193 an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens 169:236 Inulin, a prebiotic, is an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens. 31424516 4 7 theme weight 606:611 arg1 gain 613:616 body weight gain 601:616 body weight gain 601:616 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 1 8 theme growth 209:214 arg1 promoters 216:224 antibiotic growth promoters 198:224 antibiotic growth promoters in chickens 198:236 Inulin, a prebiotic, is an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens. 31424516 11 9 theme negative 1966:1973 arg1 influence 1975:1983 its early negative influence 1956:1983 its early negative influence on growth performance 1956:2005 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 9 10 theme P 1631:1631 arg1 < 1633:1633 P < 0.05 1631:1638 P < 0.05 1631:1638 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 12 11 theme feeding 2169:2175 arg1 regime 2177:2182 an inulin feeding regime 2159:2182 an inulin feeding regime 2159:2182 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 4 12 theme biochemical 686:696 arg1 parameters 698:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 12 theme biochemical 686:696 arg1 parameters 668:677 immunological parameters 654:677 immunological parameters 654:677 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 5 13 theme growth 909:914 arg1 parameters 928:937 growth performance parameters 909:937 growth performance parameters before day 21 909:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 11 14 with supplementation 1790:1804 arg1 inulin 1811:1816 inulin 1811:1816 inulin 1811:1816 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 4 15 dep inulin 583:588 arg1 % 581:581 % 581:581 % 581:581 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 5 16 theme negative 890:897 arg1 effect 899:904 a negative effect 888:904 a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 888:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 2 17 from performance 294:304 arg1 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 8 18 theme cells 1393:1397 arg1 % 1378:1378 9.3 to 26.9% 1367:1378 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells 1367:1397 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 8 18 theme cells 1393:1397 arg1 cells 1393:1397 the total cells 1383:1397 the total cells 1383:1397 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 2 19 theme Dietary 239:245 arg1 supplementation 247:261 Dietary supplementation 239:261 Dietary supplementation with inulin 239:273 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 4 20 theme immunological 654:666 arg1 parameters 698:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 20 theme immunological 654:666 arg1 parameters 668:677 immunological parameters 654:677 immunological parameters 654:677 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 5 21 theme inulin 867:872 arg1 inclusion 874:882 inulin inclusion 867:882 inulin inclusion 867:882 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 9 22 theme relative 1657:1664 arg1 abundances 1666:1675 their relative abundances 1651:1675 their relative abundances 1651:1675 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 0 23 from Effects 0:6 arg1 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 0 23 from Effects 0:6 arg1 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 12 24 theme intestinal 2094:2103 arg1 microbiota 2105:2114 the intestinal microbiota 2090:2114 the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens 2090:2134 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 0 25 theme microbiota 83:92 arg1 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 0 25 theme microbiota 83:92 arg1 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 7 26 from 42 1259:1260 arg1 % 1243:1243 8.7 to 1.4% 1233:1243 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42 1233:1260 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 12 27 theme broiler 2119:2125 arg1 chickens 2127:2134 broiler chickens 2119:2134 broiler chickens 2119:2134 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 3 28 theme dietary 433:439 arg1 supplementation 448:462 dietary inulin supplementation 433:462 dietary inulin supplementation 433:462 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 0 29 theme growth-related 98:111 arg1 parameters 113:122 growth-related parameters 98:122 growth-related parameters 98:122 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 7 30 theme relative 1127:1134 arg1 abundances 1136:1145 relative abundances 1127:1145 relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria 1127:1178 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 9 31 theme Inulin 1460:1465 arg1 inclusion 1467:1475 Inulin inclusion 1460:1475 Inulin inclusion 1460:1475 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 4 32 theme chickens 780:787 arg1 microbiota 752:761 the cecal microbiota 742:761 the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH) 742:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 3 33 theme chicken 467:473 arg1 microbiota 486:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 0 34 theme dietary 11:17 arg1 supplementation 26:40 dietary inulin supplementation 11:40 dietary inulin supplementation 11:40 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 5 35 theme performance 916:926 arg1 parameters 928:937 growth performance parameters 909:937 growth performance parameters before day 21 909:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 6 36 theme Quantitative 1002:1013 arg1 data 1020:1023 Quantitative FISH data 1002:1023 Quantitative FISH data 1002:1023 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 8 37 theme same 1446:1449 arg1 periods 1451:1457 the same periods 1442:1457 the same periods 1442:1457 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 8 38 theme Bacteroidetes 1309:1321 arg1 abundances 1295:1304 relative abundances 1286:1304 relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria 1286:1340 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 3 39 theme supplementation 448:462 arg1 impact 423:428 the impact 419:428 the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota 419:495 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 0 40 theme supplementation 26:40 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 0:143 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 3 41 theme few 394:396 arg1 studies 398:404 A few studies 392:404 A few studies 392:404 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 8 42 theme Proteobacteria 1327:1340 arg1 abundances 1295:1304 relative abundances 1286:1304 relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria 1286:1340 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 6 43 from microbiota 1071:1080 arg1 broilers 1097:1104 the control broilers 1085:1104 the control broilers fed no inulin 1085:1118 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 9 44 theme relative 1499:1506 arg1 abundances 1508:1517 the relative abundances 1495:1517 the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species 1495:1572 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 10 45 theme body 1720:1723 arg1 gain 1732:1735 body weight gain 1720:1735 body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21 1720:1773 Such increases positively correlated with body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21. 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 gain 613:616 body weight gain 601:616 body weight gain 601:616 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 dynamics 730:737 dynamics 730:737 dynamics 730:737 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 rate 648:651 food conversion rate 632:651 food conversion rate 632:651 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 parameters 698:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 intake 624:629 feed intake 619:629 feed intake 619:629 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 composition 714:724 composition 714:724 composition 714:724 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 46 theme microbiota 752:761 arg1 parameters 668:677 immunological parameters 654:677 immunological parameters 654:677 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 2 47 theme system 329:334 arg1 activity 336:343 immune system activity 322:343 immune system activity 322:343 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 7 48 theme cells 1218:1222 arg1 % 1207:1207 52.8 to 48.3% 1195:1207 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells 1195:1222 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 7 48 theme cells 1218:1222 arg1 cells 1218:1222 total cells 1212:1222 total cells 1212:1222 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 4 49 theme Tegel 766:770 arg1 chickens 780:787 Tegel broiler chickens 766:787 Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH) 766:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 6 50 from change 1051:1056 arg1 microbiota 1071:1080 the cecal microbiota 1061:1080 the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin 1061:1118 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 5 51 dep day 994:996 arg1 up 988:989 up 988:989 up 988:989 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 7 52 dep % 1243:1243 arg1 to 1237:1238 to 1237:1238 to 1237:1238 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 7 53 theme Actinobacteria 1165:1178 arg1 abundances 1136:1145 relative abundances 1127:1145 relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria 1127:1178 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 2 54 theme serum 350:354 arg1 parameters 368:377 serum biochemical parameters 350:377 serum biochemical parameters in chickens 350:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 8 55 dep 21.1 1416:1419 arg1 to 1413:1414 to 1413:1414 to 1413:1414 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 9 56 theme Bifidobacterium 1550:1564 arg1 species 1566:1572 Bifidobacterium species 1550:1572 Bifidobacterium species 1550:1572 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 12 57 theme chicken 2219:2225 arg1 development 2227:2237 chicken development 2219:2237 chicken development 2219:2237 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 11 58 theme growth 1988:1993 arg1 performance 1995:2005 growth performance 1988:2005 growth performance 1988:2005 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 4 59 theme quantitative 795:806 arg1 fluorescence 808:819 quantitative fluorescence 795:819 quantitative fluorescence 795:819 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 5 60 from effect 968:973 arg1 parameters 928:937 growth performance parameters 909:937 growth performance parameters before day 21 909:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 9 61 theme early 1580:1584 arg1 age 1591:1593 an early bird age 1577:1593 an early bird age 1577:1593 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 4 62 theme feed 619:622 arg1 intake 624:629 feed intake 619:629 feed intake 619:629 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 9 63 dep significantly 1616:1628 arg1 < 1633:1633 P < 0.05 1631:1638 P < 0.05 1631:1638 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 10 64 theme Such 1678:1681 arg1 increases 1683:1691 Such increases 1678:1691 Such increases 1678:1691 Such increases positively correlated with body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21. 31424516 4 65 theme situ 824:827 arg1 qFISH 844:848 qFISH 844:848 qFISH 844:848 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 65 theme situ 824:827 arg1 hybridization 829:841 situ hybridization 824:841 situ hybridization (qFISH) 824:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 2 66 from parameters 368:377 arg1 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 0 67 theme broiler 127:133 arg1 chickens 135:142 broiler chickens 127:142 broiler chickens 127:142 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 2 68 theme carcass 307:313 arg1 yield 315:319 carcass yield 307:319 carcass yield 307:319 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 11 69 dep johnsonii 1851:1859 arg1 the 1832:1834 the 1832:1834 the 1832:1834 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 11 69 dep johnsonii 1851:1859 arg1 cultures 1913:1920 cultures 1913:1920 cultures 1913:1920 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 11 69 dep johnsonii 1851:1859 arg1 addition 1836:1843 addition 1836:1843 addition 1836:1843 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 12 70 theme beneficial 2200:2209 arg1 role 2211:2214 its beneficial role 2196:2214 its beneficial role in chicken development 2196:2237 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 4 71 theme body 601:604 arg1 gain 613:616 body weight gain 601:616 body weight gain 601:616 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 1 72 theme antibiotic 198:207 arg1 promoters 216:224 antibiotic growth promoters 198:224 antibiotic growth promoters in chickens 198:236 Inulin, a prebiotic, is an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens. 31424516 2 73 with supplementation 247:261 arg1 inulin 268:273 inulin 268:273 inulin 268:273 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 11 74 theme early 1928:1932 arg1 age 1934:1936 an early age 1925:1936 an early age 1925:1936 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 0 75 from dynamics 65:72 arg1 chickens 135:142 broiler chickens 127:142 broiler chickens 127:142 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 11 76 from influence 1975:1983 arg1 performance 1995:2005 growth performance 1988:2005 growth performance 1988:2005 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 11 77 theme early 1960:1964 arg1 influence 1975:1983 its early negative influence 1956:1983 its early negative influence on growth performance 1956:2005 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 8 78 theme total 1387:1391 arg1 cells 1393:1397 the total cells 1383:1397 the total cells 1383:1397 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 5 79 contain has 884:886 arg2 effect 899:904 a negative effect 888:904 a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 888:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 5 79 contain has 884:886 arg2 effect 968:973 a positive effect 957:973 a positive effect subsequently up to day 42 957:999 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 5 79 contain has 884:886 arg1 inclusion 874:882 inulin inclusion 867:882 inulin inclusion 867:882 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 1 80 from promoters 216:224 arg1 chickens 229:236 chickens 229:236 chickens 229:236 Inulin, a prebiotic, is an attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in chickens. 31424516 4 81 theme serum 680:684 arg1 parameters 698:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 serum biochemical parameters 680:707 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 81 theme serum 680:684 arg1 parameters 668:677 immunological parameters 654:677 immunological parameters 654:677 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 82 dep % 581:581 arg1 2 573:573 2 573:573 2 573:573 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 4 82 dep % 581:581 arg1 4 580:580 4 580:580 4 580:580 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 10 83 theme weight 1725:1730 arg1 gain 1732:1735 body weight gain 1720:1735 body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21 1720:1773 Such increases positively correlated with body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21. 31424516 4 84 theme conversion 637:646 arg1 rate 648:651 food conversion rate 632:651 food conversion rate 632:651 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 0 85 theme cecal 77:81 arg1 microbiota 83:92 cecal microbiota 77:92 cecal microbiota 77:92 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 12 86 theme chickens 2127:2134 arg1 microbiota 2105:2114 the intestinal microbiota 2090:2114 the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens 2090:2134 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 12 87 theme inulin 2162:2167 arg1 regime 2177:2182 an inulin feeding regime 2159:2182 an inulin feeding regime 2159:2182 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 12 88 from role 2211:2214 arg1 development 2227:2237 chicken development 2219:2237 chicken development 2219:2237 We believe that these findings can improve our knowledge on how inulin can change the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and help in developing an inulin feeding regime to optimize its beneficial role in chicken development. 31424516 7 89 theme Firmicutes 1150:1159 arg1 abundances 1136:1145 relative abundances 1127:1145 relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria 1127:1178 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 4 90 dep how 529:531 arg1 affect 594:599 affect 594:599 can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH) 590:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 2 91 from yield 315:319 arg1 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 chickens 382:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 0 92 from composition 49:59 arg1 chickens 135:142 broiler chickens 127:142 broiler chickens 127:142 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 0 93 theme parameters 113:122 arg1 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 dynamics 65:72 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 0 93 theme parameters 113:122 arg1 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 composition 49:59 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 6 94 theme age-dependent 1037:1049 arg1 change 1051:1056 an age-dependent change 1034:1056 an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin 1034:1118 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 3 95 theme inulin 441:446 arg1 supplementation 448:462 dietary inulin supplementation 433:462 dietary inulin supplementation 433:462 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 0 96 theme inulin 19:24 arg1 supplementation 26:40 dietary inulin supplementation 11:40 dietary inulin supplementation 11:40 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 7 97 dep % 1207:1207 arg1 to 1200:1201 to 1200:1201 to 1200:1201 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 6 98 theme FISH 1015:1018 arg1 data 1020:1023 Quantitative FISH data 1002:1023 Quantitative FISH data 1002:1023 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 8 99 theme relative 1286:1293 arg1 abundances 1295:1304 relative abundances 1286:1304 relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria 1286:1340 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 3 100 theme intestinal 475:484 arg1 microbiota 486:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 11 101 dep Bifidobacterium 1865:1879 arg1 gallinarum 1885:1894 B. gallinarum 1882:1894 B. gallinarum 1882:1894 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 11 101 dep Bifidobacterium 1865:1879 arg1 pullorum 1903:1910 B. pullorum 1900:1910 B. pullorum 1900:1910 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 0 102 dep composition 49:59 arg1 the 45:47 the 45:47 the 45:47 Effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the composition and dynamics of cecal microbiota and growth-related parameters in broiler chickens. 31424516 11 103 theme dietary 1782:1788 arg1 supplementation 1790:1804 dietary supplementation 1782:1804 dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age 1782:1936 Thus, dietary supplementation with inulin together with the addition of L. johnsonii and Bifidobacterium (B. gallinarum and B. pullorum) cultures at an early age may help overcome its early negative influence on growth performance. 31424516 10 104 theme birds 1744:1748 arg1 gain 1732:1735 body weight gain 1720:1735 body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21 1720:1773 Such increases positively correlated with body weight gain of the birds, determined after day 21. 31424516 4 105 theme broiler 772:778 arg1 chickens 780:787 Tegel broiler chickens 766:787 Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH) 766:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 8 106 dep % 1378:1378 arg1 to 1371:1372 to 1371:1372 to 1371:1372 However, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria gradually increased from 9.3 to 26.9% of the total cells and from 10.7 to 21.1%, respectively, over the same periods. 31424516 6 107 theme control 1089:1095 arg1 broilers 1097:1104 the control broilers 1085:1104 the control broilers fed no inulin 1085:1118 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 4 108 theme dietary 541:547 arg1 supplementation 549:563 dietary supplementation 541:563 dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin 541:588 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 9 109 theme johnsonii 1536:1544 arg1 abundances 1508:1517 the relative abundances 1495:1517 the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species 1495:1572 Inulin inclusion appeared to lower the relative abundances of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium species at an early bird age, but it subsequently significantly (P < 0.05) increased their relative abundances. 31424516 7 110 theme total 1212:1216 arg1 cells 1218:1222 total cells 1212:1222 total cells 1212:1222 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 4 111 theme cecal 746:750 arg1 microbiota 752:761 the cecal microbiota 742:761 the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH) 742:849 In this study, we investigated how and why dietary supplementation with 1, 2, and 4% inulin can affect body weight gain, feed intake, food conversion rate, immunological parameters, serum biochemical parameters, and composition and dynamics of the cecal microbiota of Tegel broiler chickens using quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (qFISH). 31424516 3 112 from impact 423:428 arg1 microbiota 486:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 chicken intestinal microbiota 467:495 A few studies investigated the impact of dietary inulin supplementation on chicken intestinal microbiota. 31424516 2 113 theme immune 322:327 arg1 activity 336:343 immune system activity 322:343 immune system activity 322:343 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 31424516 5 114 from effect 899:904 arg1 parameters 928:937 growth performance parameters 909:937 growth performance parameters before day 21 909:951 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 5 115 theme positive 959:966 arg1 effect 968:973 a positive effect 957:973 a positive effect subsequently up to day 42 957:999 We showed that inulin inclusion has a negative effect on growth performance parameters before day 21 and a positive effect subsequently up to day 42. 31424516 7 116 from days 1248:1251 arg1 % 1243:1243 8.7 to 1.4% 1233:1243 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42 1233:1260 Thus, relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased from 52.8 to 48.3% of total cells and from 8.7 to 1.4% at days 7 and 42, respectively. 31424516 6 117 theme cecal 1065:1069 arg1 microbiota 1071:1080 the cecal microbiota 1061:1080 the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin 1061:1118 Quantitative FISH data revealed an age-dependent change in the cecal microbiota in the control broilers fed no inulin. 31424516 2 118 theme biochemical 356:366 arg1 parameters 368:377 serum biochemical parameters 350:377 serum biochemical parameters in chickens 350:389 Dietary supplementation with inulin can improve growth performance, carcass yield, immune system activity, and serum biochemical parameters in chickens. 30784929 3 0 theme red 476:478 arg1 propolis 480:487 red propolis 476:487 red propolis 476:487 Here, we combine a bacterial membrane with red propolis to treat wounds of diabetic mice. 30784929 6 1 theme mass 902:905 arg1 spectrometry 907:918 high-resolution mass spectrometry 886:918 high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) 886:925 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 6 1 theme mass 902:905 arg1 HRMS 921:924 HRMS 921:924 HRMS 921:924 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 12 2 theme red 1700:1702 arg1 propolis 1704:1711 red propolis 1700:1711 red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) 1700:1729 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 3 3 theme diabetic 508:515 arg1 mice 517:520 diabetic mice 508:520 diabetic mice 508:520 Here, we combine a bacterial membrane with red propolis to treat wounds of diabetic mice. 30784929 4 4 theme diabetic 621:628 arg1 mice 630:633 diabetic mice 621:633 diabetic mice 621:633 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 12 5 dep groups 1805:1810 arg1 GMS 1820:1822 GMS 1820:1822 GMS 1820:1822 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 12 5 dep groups 1805:1810 arg1 GS 1813:1814 GS 1813:1814 GS 1813:1814 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 12 5 dep groups 1805:1810 arg1 groups 1805:1810 the control groups 1793:1810 the control groups (GS and GMS) 1793:1823 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 11 6 theme prevalent 1568:1576 arg1 compound 1578:1585 the most prevalent compound 1559:1585 the most prevalent compound 1559:1585 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 11 6 theme prevalent 1568:1576 arg1 Formononetin 1591:1602 Formononetin 1591:1602 Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1 1591:1630 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 9 7 theme Macroscopic 1178:1188 arg1 assessments 1190:1200 Macroscopic assessments 1178:1200 Macroscopic assessments 1178:1200 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 15 8 from levels 2134:2139 arg1 different 2109:2117 different 2109:2117 different 2109:2117 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 4 9 from propolis 609:616 arg1 mice 630:633 diabetic mice 621:633 diabetic mice 621:633 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 1 10 theme folk 192:195 arg1 medicine 197:204 folk medicine 192:204 folk medicine 192:204 Since early times, propolis has been used in folk medicine. 30784929 14 11 from TGF-β 2066:2070 arg1 day 2093:2095 day 7 2093:2097 day 7 2093:2097 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 17 12 theme diabetic 2453:2460 arg1 healing 2468:2474 diabetic wound healing 2453:2474 diabetic wound healing purpose 2453:2482 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 6 13 from presence 804:811 arg1 membrane 851:858 the membrane 847:858 the membrane 847:858 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 0 14 theme mellitus 137:144 arg1 models 118:123 experimental models 105:123 experimental models of diabetes mellitus 105:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 5 15 from membrane 697:704 arg1 extracts 720:727 different extracts 710:727 different extracts of red propolis 710:743 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 5 15 from membrane 697:704 arg1 Biocuratives 659:670 Biocuratives 659:670 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane 659:704 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 17 16 theme healing 2468:2474 arg1 purpose 2476:2482 diabetic wound healing purpose 2453:2482 diabetic wound healing purpose 2453:2482 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 16 17 theme wound 2273:2277 arg1 healing 2279:2285 the wound healing 2269:2285 the wound healing process 2269:2293 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 7 18 theme diabetic 989:996 arg1 mice 998:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice 978:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin 978:1028 Tests in vivo with biocuratives were performed on Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin. 30784929 9 19 dep cytokines 1369:1377 arg1 IL-1β 1387:1391 IL-1β 1387:1391 IL-1β 1387:1391 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 9 19 dep cytokines 1369:1377 arg1 TGF-β 1398:1402 TGF-β 1398:1402 TGF-β 1398:1402 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 9 19 dep cytokines 1369:1377 arg1 TNF-α 1380:1384 TNF-α 1380:1384 TNF-α 1380:1384 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 9 19 dep cytokines 1369:1377 arg1 cytokines 1369:1377 cytokines 1369:1377 cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β) 1369:1403 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 1 20 used used 184:187 arg2 propolis 166:173 propolis 166:173 propolis 166:173 Since early times, propolis has been used in folk medicine. 30784929 7 21 from Tests 928:932 arg1 vivo 937:940 vivo 937:940 vivo 937:940 Tests in vivo with biocuratives were performed on Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin. 30784929 9 22 theme postoperative 1232:1244 arg1 days 1246:1249 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days 1220:1249 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days 1220:1249 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 7 23 theme Swiss 978:982 arg1 mice 998:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice 978:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin 978:1028 Tests in vivo with biocuratives were performed on Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin. 30784929 0 24 from effects 94:100 arg1 models 118:123 experimental models 105:123 experimental models of diabetes mellitus 105:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 4 25 theme healing 644:650 arg1 model 652:656 wound healing model 638:656 wound healing model 638:656 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 5 26 theme red 732:734 arg1 propolis 736:743 red propolis 732:743 red propolis 732:743 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 1 27 theme early 153:157 arg1 times 159:163 early times 153:163 early times 153:163 Since early times, propolis has been used in folk medicine. 30784929 14 28 theme red 2038:2040 arg1 propolis 2042:2049 red propolis 2038:2049 red propolis 2038:2049 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 0 29 theme Improved 77:84 arg1 effects 94:100 Improved healing effects 77:100 Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus 77:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 12 30 theme Macroscopic 1633:1643 arg1 analyses 1645:1652 Macroscopic analyses 1633:1652 Macroscopic analyses 1633:1652 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 2 31 theme Brazil 262:267 arg1 region 252:257 the northeast region 238:257 the northeast region of Brazil 238:267 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 17 32 theme red 2364:2366 arg1 activity 2377:2384 red propolis activity 2364:2384 red propolis activity 2364:2384 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 0 33 theme experimental 105:116 arg1 models 118:123 experimental models 105:123 experimental models of diabetes mellitus 105:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 17 34 theme activity 2377:2384 arg1 knowledge 2351:2359 the traditional knowledge 2335:2359 the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity 2335:2384 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 0 35 theme Bacterial 0:8 arg1 membrane 20:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane 0:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane 0:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 14 36 theme TNF-α 1980:1984 arg1 higher 2005:2010 higher 2005:2010 higher 2005:2010 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 14 36 theme TNF-α 1980:1984 arg1 levels 1970:1975 The levels 1966:1975 The levels of TNF-α 1966:1984 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 8 37 theme surgical 1063:1070 arg1 procedure 1072:1080 a surgical procedure 1061:1080 a surgical procedure 1061:1080 The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure and a single lesion was produced in the dorsal region, which was treated with the biocuratives. 30784929 12 38 theme greater 1752:1758 arg1 capabilities 1768:1779 significantly greater healing capabilities 1738:1779 significantly greater healing capabilities 1738:1779 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 3 39 theme bacterial 452:460 arg1 membrane 462:469 a bacterial membrane 450:469 a bacterial membrane 450:469 Here, we combine a bacterial membrane with red propolis to treat wounds of diabetic mice. 30784929 8 40 theme single 1088:1093 arg1 lesion 1095:1100 a single lesion 1086:1100 a single lesion 1086:1100 The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure and a single lesion was produced in the dorsal region, which was treated with the biocuratives. 30784929 6 41 theme chemical 825:832 arg1 compounds 834:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 13 42 theme GMEBT 1942:1946 arg1 groups 1958:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 2 43 theme popular 301:307 arg1 use 309:311 its popular use 297:311 its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition 297:430 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 9 44 theme myeloperoxidase 1327:1341 arg1 activity 1350:1357 myeloperoxidase enzyme activity 1327:1357 myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) 1327:1363 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 9 44 theme myeloperoxidase 1327:1341 arg1 MPO 1360:1362 MPO 1360:1362 MPO 1360:1362 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 13 45 theme enzyme 1910:1915 arg1 myeloperoxidase 1917:1931 the enzyme myeloperoxidase 1906:1931 the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) 1906:1937 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 13 45 theme enzyme 1910:1915 arg1 MPO 1934:1936 MPO 1934:1936 MPO 1934:1936 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 11 46 with Formononetin 1591:1602 arg1 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1 1609:1630 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1 1609:1630 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1 1609:1630 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 15 47 theme control 2165:2171 arg1 groups 2173:2178 the control groups 2161:2178 the control groups 2161:2178 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 4 48 theme bacterial 569:577 arg1 cellulose 579:587 bacterial cellulose 569:587 bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice 569:633 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 5 49 theme propolis 736:743 arg1 extracts 720:727 different extracts 710:727 different extracts of red propolis 710:743 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 5 49 theme propolis 736:743 arg1 Biocuratives 659:670 Biocuratives 659:670 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane 659:704 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 11 50 theme red 1533:1535 arg1 markers 1546:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 8 51 theme dorsal 1122:1127 arg1 region 1129:1134 the dorsal region 1118:1134 the dorsal region 1118:1134 The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure and a single lesion was produced in the dorsal region, which was treated with the biocuratives. 30784929 16 52 theme healing 2279:2285 arg1 process 2287:2293 the wound healing process 2269:2293 the wound healing process 2269:2293 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 6 53 theme high-resolution 886:900 arg1 spectrometry 907:918 high-resolution mass spectrometry 886:918 high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) 886:925 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 6 53 theme high-resolution 886:900 arg1 HRMS 921:924 HRMS 921:924 HRMS 921:924 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 14 54 dep TGF-β 2066:2070 arg1 GMEAE 2083:2087 GMEAE 2083:2087 GMEAE 2083:2087 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 14 54 dep TGF-β 2066:2070 arg1 GMEBT 2073:2077 GMEBT 2073:2077 GMEBT 2073:2077 The levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in wounds stimulated with red propolis, as well as in TGF-β (GMEBT and GMEAE) on day 7. 30784929 16 55 theme diabetic 2300:2307 arg1 model 2315:2319 a diabetic mouse model 2298:2319 a diabetic mouse model 2298:2319 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 6 56 dep qualification 764:776 arg1 The 760:762 The 760:762 The 760:762 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 2 57 with antimicrobial 319:331 arg1 properties 369:378 anti-inflammatory and healing properties 339:378 properties 369:378 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 6 58 from membrane 851:858 arg1 quantification 782:795 quantification 782:795 quantification 782:795 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 6 58 from membrane 851:858 arg1 qualification 764:776 qualification 764:776 qualification 764:776 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 0 59 theme diabetes 128:135 arg1 mellitus 137:144 diabetes mellitus 128:144 diabetes mellitus 128:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 3 60 theme mice 517:520 arg1 wounds 498:503 wounds 498:503 wounds of diabetic mice 498:520 Here, we combine a bacterial membrane with red propolis to treat wounds of diabetic mice. 30784929 7 61 with Tests 928:932 arg1 biocuratives 947:958 biocuratives 947:958 biocuratives 947:958 Tests in vivo with biocuratives were performed on Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin. 30784929 5 62 theme bacterial 677:685 arg1 membrane 697:704 bacterial cellulose membrane 677:704 bacterial cellulose membrane 677:704 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 17 63 theme wound 2462:2466 arg1 healing 2468:2474 diabetic wound healing 2453:2474 diabetic wound healing purpose 2453:2482 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 4 64 theme red 605:607 arg1 propolis 609:616 red propolis 605:616 red propolis in diabetic mice 605:633 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 2 65 theme red 211:213 arg1 propolis 215:222 The red propolis 207:222 The red propolis 207:222 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 15 66 dep higher 2151:2156 arg1 GMS 2188:2190 GMS 2188:2190 GMS 2188:2190 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 15 66 dep higher 2151:2156 arg1 GS 2181:2182 GS 2181:2182 GS 2181:2182 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 17 67 theme biotechnological 2405:2420 arg1 product 2422:2428 a biotechnological product 2403:2428 a biotechnological product 2403:2428 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 2 68 theme northeast 242:250 arg1 region 252:257 the northeast region 238:257 the northeast region of Brazil 238:267 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 11 69 theme acetate 1505:1511 arg1 extract 1513:1519 The ethyl acetate extract 1495:1519 The ethyl acetate extract 1495:1519 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 13 70 theme leukocyte 1841:1849 arg1 recruitment 1851:1861 leukocyte recruitment 1841:1861 leukocyte recruitment 1841:1861 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 6 71 attach presence 804:811 arg2 compounds 834:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 6 71 attach presence 804:811 arg1 membrane 851:858 the membrane 847:858 the membrane 847:858 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 4 72 from cellulose 579:587 arg1 biocurative 552:562 a biocurative 550:562 a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice 550:633 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 7 73 theme male 984:987 arg1 mice 998:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice 978:1001 Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin 978:1028 Tests in vivo with biocuratives were performed on Swiss male diabetic mice induced by estroptozotocin. 30784929 13 74 from activity 1894:1901 arg1 groups 1958:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 4 75 theme wound 638:642 arg1 healing 644:650 wound healing 638:650 wound healing model 638:656 This work aims to evaluate a biocurative from bacterial cellulose associated with red propolis in diabetic mice as wound healing model. 30784929 0 76 theme healing 86:92 arg1 effects 94:100 Improved healing effects 77:100 Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus 77:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 16 77 from summary 2197:2203 arg1 biocuratives 2210:2221 the biocuratives 2206:2221 the biocuratives produced in this work 2206:2243 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 16 77 from summary 2197:2203 arg1 able 2250:2253 able 2250:2253 able 2250:2253 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 17 78 theme traditional 2339:2349 arg1 knowledge 2351:2359 the traditional knowledge 2335:2359 the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity 2335:2384 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 12 79 dep propolis 1704:1711 arg1 GMEAE 1724:1728 GMEAE 1724:1728 GMEAE 1724:1728 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 12 79 dep propolis 1704:1711 arg1 GMEBT 1714:1718 GMEBT 1714:1718 GMEBT 1714:1718 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 13 80 dep observed 1867:1874 arg1 confirmed 1877:1885 confirmed 1877:1885 confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1877:1963 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 5 81 theme different 710:718 arg1 extracts 720:727 different extracts 710:727 different extracts of red propolis 710:743 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 13 82 theme GMEAE 1952:1956 arg1 groups 1958:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1942:1963 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 16 83 from able 2250:2253 arg1 summary 2197:2203 summary 2197:2203 summary 2197:2203 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 6 84 from quantification 782:795 arg1 membrane 851:858 the membrane 847:858 the membrane 847:858 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 17 85 used used 2444:2447 arg2 product 2422:2428 a biotechnological product 2403:2428 a biotechnological product 2403:2428 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 17 86 theme propolis 2368:2375 arg1 activity 2377:2384 red propolis activity 2364:2384 red propolis activity 2364:2384 In this way, the traditional knowledge of red propolis activity helped to create a biotechnological product, which can be used for diabetic wound healing purpose. 30784929 2 87 theme healing 361:367 arg1 properties 369:378 anti-inflammatory and healing properties 339:378 properties 369:378 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 0 88 theme cellulose 10:18 arg1 membrane 20:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane 0:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane 0:27 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 2 89 theme chemical 411:418 arg1 composition 420:430 its chemical composition 407:430 its chemical composition 407:430 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 2 90 theme anti-inflammatory 339:355 arg1 properties 369:378 anti-inflammatory and healing properties 339:378 properties 369:378 The red propolis, collected in the northeast region of Brazil has been highlighted due to its popular use as an antimicrobial, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties, which are associated with its chemical composition. 30784929 13 91 from increase 1829:1836 arg1 recruitment 1851:1861 leukocyte recruitment 1841:1861 leukocyte recruitment 1841:1861 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 30784929 0 92 theme red 45:47 arg1 propolis 49:56 red propolis 45:56 red propolis 45:56 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 15 93 theme IL-1β 2128:2132 arg1 levels 2134:2139 the IL-1β levels 2124:2139 the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS) 2124:2191 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 15 93 theme IL-1β 2128:2132 arg1 higher 2151:2156 higher 2151:2156 higher 2151:2156 This was different from the IL-1β levels that were higher in the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 16 94 theme mouse 2309:2313 arg1 model 2315:2319 a diabetic mouse model 2298:2319 a diabetic mouse model 2298:2319 In summary, the biocuratives produced in this work were able to accelerate the wound healing process in a diabetic mouse model. 30784929 6 95 from qualification 764:776 arg1 membrane 851:858 the membrane 847:858 the membrane 847:858 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 9 96 theme histological 1304:1315 arg1 analysis 1317:1324 histological analysis 1304:1324 histological analysis 1304:1324 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 6 97 theme compounds 834:842 arg1 presence 804:811 the presence 800:811 the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane 800:858 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 5 98 theme cellulose 687:695 arg1 membrane 697:704 bacterial cellulose membrane 677:704 bacterial cellulose membrane 677:704 Biocuratives from bacterial cellulose membrane and different extracts of red propolis were produced. 30784929 11 99 theme ethyl 1499:1503 arg1 extract 1513:1519 The ethyl acetate extract 1495:1519 The ethyl acetate extract 1495:1519 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 12 100 theme control 1797:1803 arg1 GMS 1820:1822 GMS 1820:1822 GMS 1820:1822 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 12 100 theme control 1797:1803 arg1 GS 1813:1814 GS 1813:1814 GS 1813:1814 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 12 100 theme control 1797:1803 arg1 groups 1805:1810 the control groups 1793:1810 the control groups (GS and GMS) 1793:1823 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 6 101 theme propolis 816:823 arg1 compounds 834:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 propolis chemical compounds 816:842 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 0 102 dep associated 29:38 arg1 effects 94:100 Improved healing effects 77:100 Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus 77:144 Bacterial cellulose membrane associated with red propolis as phytomodulator: Improved healing effects in experimental models of diabetes mellitus. 30784929 12 103 theme healing 1760:1766 arg1 capabilities 1768:1779 significantly greater healing capabilities 1738:1779 significantly greater healing capabilities 1738:1779 Macroscopic analyses demonstrated that the two groups treated with red propolis (GMEBT and GMEAE) showed significantly greater healing capabilities compared to the control groups (GS and GMS). 30784929 11 104 theme more 1528:1531 arg1 markers 1546:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 11 105 theme propolis 1537:1544 arg1 markers 1546:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 more red propolis markers 1528:1552 The ethyl acetate extract showed more red propolis markers, and the most prevalent compound was Formononetin with 4423.00-2907.00 μg.g-1. 30784929 9 106 theme enzyme 1343:1348 arg1 activity 1350:1357 myeloperoxidase enzyme activity 1327:1357 myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) 1327:1363 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 9 106 theme enzyme 1343:1348 arg1 MPO 1360:1362 MPO 1360:1362 MPO 1360:1362 Macroscopic assessments were performed at 2, 7 and 14 postoperative days, and biopsies were collected on days 0, 7 and 14 for histological analysis, myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β). 30784929 6 107 theme presence 804:811 arg1 quantification 782:795 quantification 782:795 quantification 782:795 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 6 107 theme presence 804:811 arg1 qualification 764:776 qualification 764:776 qualification 764:776 The qualification and quantification of the presence of propolis chemical compounds in the membrane were investigated through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). 30784929 13 108 theme myeloperoxidase 1917:1931 arg1 activity 1894:1901 the activity 1890:1901 the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups 1890:1963 An increase in leukocyte recruitment was observed, confirmed by the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in GMEBT and GMEAE groups. 31040323 0 0 theme specific 82:89 arg1 features 91:98 specific features 82:98 specific features of bacterial strains 82:119 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 3 1 theme wound 696:700 arg1 healing 702:708 wound healing 696:708 wound healing 696:708 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 6 2 theme charged 1329:1335 arg1 membranes 1347:1355 negatively charged bacterial membranes 1318:1355 negatively charged bacterial membranes 1318:1355 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 6 3 theme bacterial 1337:1345 arg1 membranes 1347:1355 negatively charged bacterial membranes 1318:1355 negatively charged bacterial membranes 1318:1355 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 6 4 theme surfaces 1512:1519 arg1 composition 1468:1478 the composition 1464:1478 the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces 1464:1519 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 5 5 theme cryptides 1142:1150 arg1 effects 1126:1132 the antimicrobial effects 1108:1132 the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides 1108:1150 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 4 6 dep derived 758:764 arg1 ApoB 753:756 ApoB 753:756 ApoB 753:756 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 6 7 theme bacterial 1502:1510 arg1 surfaces 1512:1519 negatively charged bacterial surfaces 1483:1519 negatively charged bacterial surfaces 1483:1519 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 5 8 theme peptide 1227:1233 arg1 toxicity 1235:1242 peptide toxicity 1227:1242 peptide toxicity 1227:1242 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 6 9 theme charged 1494:1500 arg1 surfaces 1512:1519 negatively charged bacterial surfaces 1483:1519 negatively charged bacterial surfaces 1483:1519 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 1 10 theme modulatory 254:263 arg1 roles 265:269 modulatory roles 254:269 modulatory roles in the innate immune response 254:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 3 11 theme immunomodulatory 714:729 arg1 properties 731:740 immunomodulatory properties 714:740 immunomodulatory properties 714:740 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 4 12 theme eukaryotic 875:884 arg1 cells 886:890 eukaryotic cells 875:890 eukaryotic cells 875:890 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 3 13 theme cryptic 543:549 arg1 HDPs 551:554 two cryptic HDPs 539:554 two cryptic HDPs 539:554 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 4 14 link derived 758:764 arg1 HDPs 766:769 ApoB derived HDPs 753:769 ApoB derived HDPs 753:769 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 0 15 theme strains 113:119 arg1 features 91:98 specific features 82:98 specific features of bacterial strains 82:119 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 5 16 theme antimicrobial 1112:1124 arg1 effects 1126:1132 the antimicrobial effects 1108:1132 the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides 1108:1150 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 6 17 theme electrostatic 1283:1295 arg1 interactions 1297:1308 electrostatic interactions 1283:1308 electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs 1283:1383 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 5 18 theme Zeta 969:972 arg1 measurements 984:995 Zeta potential measurements 969:995 Zeta potential measurements 969:995 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 18 theme Zeta 969:972 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 6 19 theme defined 1528:1534 arg1 microenvironments 1550:1566 defined extracellular microenvironments 1528:1566 defined extracellular microenvironments 1528:1566 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 0 20 theme bacterial 103:111 arg1 strains 113:119 bacterial strains 103:119 bacterial strains 103:119 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 6 21 theme key 1392:1394 arg1 role 1396:1399 a key role 1390:1399 a key role 1390:1399 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 5 22 theme potential 974:982 arg1 measurements 984:995 Zeta potential measurements 969:995 Zeta potential measurements 969:995 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 22 theme potential 974:982 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 2 23 theme main 381:384 arg1 target 386:391 the main target 377:391 the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity 377:425 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 5 24 theme resistant 1214:1222 arg1 strains 1184:1190 bacterial strains 1174:1190 bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity 1174:1242 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 2 25 theme molecular 432:440 arg1 mechanisms 442:451 the molecular mechanisms 428:451 the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs 428:492 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 3 26 with endowed 619:625 arg1 activity 663:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 3 26 with endowed 619:625 arg1 anti-biofilm 682:693 anti-biofilm 682:693 anti-biofilm 682:693 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 3 26 with endowed 619:625 arg1 healing 702:708 wound healing 696:708 wound healing 696:708 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 3 26 with endowed 619:625 arg1 properties 731:740 immunomodulatory properties 714:740 immunomodulatory properties 714:740 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 0 27 theme antimicrobial 17:29 arg1 cryptides 31:39 human antimicrobial cryptides 11:39 human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B 11:70 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 5 28 theme susceptible 1199:1209 arg1 strains 1184:1190 bacterial strains 1174:1190 bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity 1174:1242 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 4 29 theme conventional 823:834 arg1 antibiotics 836:846 conventional antibiotics 823:846 conventional antibiotics 823:846 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 5 30 theme time 948:951 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 1 31 theme broad 179:183 arg1 variety 185:191 a broad variety 177:191 a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response 177:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 31 theme broad 179:183 arg1 roles 265:269 modulatory roles 254:269 modulatory roles in the innate immune response 254:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 31 theme broad 179:183 arg1 properties 239:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 31 theme broad 179:183 arg1 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 0 32 theme human 11:15 arg1 cryptides 31:39 human antimicrobial cryptides 11:39 human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B 11:70 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 1 33 theme innate 278:283 arg1 response 292:299 the innate immune response 274:299 the innate immune response 274:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 34 from roles 265:269 arg1 response 292:299 the innate immune response 274:299 the innate immune response 274:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 5 35 theme titration 1077:1085 arg1 calorimetry 1087:1097 isothermal titration calorimetry 1066:1097 isothermal titration calorimetry 1066:1097 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 36 theme killing 953:959 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 2 37 theme antimicrobial 404:416 arg1 activity 418:425 peptide antimicrobial activity 396:425 peptide antimicrobial activity 396:425 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 1 38 theme immune 285:290 arg1 response 292:299 the innate immune response 274:299 the innate immune response 274:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 39 from properties 239:248 arg1 response 292:299 the innate immune response 274:299 the innate immune response 274:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 3 40 theme broad-spectrum 634:647 arg1 activity 663:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 3 41 theme apolipoprotein 586:599 arg1 B 601:601 human apolipoprotein B 580:601 human apolipoprotein B 580:601 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 2 42 theme peptide 396:402 arg1 activity 418:425 peptide antimicrobial activity 396:425 peptide antimicrobial activity 396:425 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 0 43 theme cryptides 31:39 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B 0:70 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 6 44 theme charged 1372:1378 arg1 HDPs 1380:1383 positively charged HDPs 1361:1383 positively charged HDPs 1361:1383 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 4 45 theme derived 758:764 arg1 HDPs 766:769 ApoB derived HDPs 753:769 ApoB derived HDPs 753:769 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 1 46 theme activities 196:205 arg1 variety 185:191 a broad variety 177:191 a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response 177:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 46 theme activities 196:205 arg1 roles 265:269 modulatory roles 254:269 modulatory roles in the innate immune response 254:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 46 theme activities 196:205 arg1 properties 239:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 46 theme activities 196:205 arg1 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 2 47 theme membrane 464:471 arg1 perturbation 473:484 membrane perturbation 464:484 membrane perturbation by HDPs 464:492 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 5 48 theme electron 1032:1039 arg1 analyses 1052:1059 electron microscopy analyses 1032:1059 electron microscopy analyses 1032:1059 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 48 theme electron 1032:1039 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 49 theme bacterial 1174:1182 arg1 strains 1184:1190 bacterial strains 1174:1190 bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity 1174:1242 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 6 50 theme peptide 1414:1420 arg1 toxicity 1422:1429 peptide toxicity 1414:1429 peptide toxicity 1414:1429 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 5 51 theme microscopy 1041:1050 arg1 analyses 1052:1059 electron microscopy analyses 1032:1059 electron microscopy analyses 1032:1059 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 51 theme microscopy 1041:1050 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 3 52 theme human 580:584 arg1 B 601:601 human apolipoprotein B 580:601 human apolipoprotein B 580:601 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 1 53 theme Cationic 122:129 arg1 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 53 theme Cationic 122:129 arg1 Peptides 144:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides 122:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) 122:158 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 5 54 theme permeabilization 1007:1022 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 54 theme permeabilization 1007:1022 arg1 assays 1024:1029 membrane permeabilization assays 998:1029 membrane permeabilization assays 998:1029 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 1 55 theme Host 131:134 arg1 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 55 theme Host 131:134 arg1 Peptides 144:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides 122:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) 122:158 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 6 56 theme extracellular 1536:1548 arg1 microenvironments 1550:1566 defined extracellular microenvironments 1528:1566 defined extracellular microenvironments 1528:1566 Intriguingly, it emerged that even if electrostatic interactions between negatively charged bacterial membranes and positively charged HDPs play a key role in mediating peptide toxicity, they are strongly influenced by the composition of negatively charged bacterial surfaces and by defined extracellular microenvironments. 31040323 1 57 with endowed 164:170 arg1 variety 185:191 a broad variety 177:191 a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response 177:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 57 with endowed 164:170 arg1 roles 265:269 modulatory roles 254:269 modulatory roles in the innate immune response 254:299 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 57 with endowed 164:170 arg1 properties 239:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 57 with endowed 164:170 arg1 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 activities 196:205 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 3 58 theme antimicrobial 649:661 arg1 activity 663:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity 632:670 Recently, two cryptic HDPs have been identified in human apolipoprotein B and found to be endowed with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and with anti-biofilm, wound healing and immunomodulatory properties. 31040323 1 59 theme Defense 136:142 arg1 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 HDPs 154:157 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 1 59 theme Defense 136:142 arg1 Peptides 144:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides 122:151 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) 122:158 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 5 60 dep approach 928:935 arg1 studies 1099:1105 studies 1099:1105 studies 1099:1105 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 61 theme multidisciplinary 910:926 arg1 approach 928:935 a multidisciplinary approach 908:935 a multidisciplinary approach 908:935 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 62 theme isothermal 1066:1075 arg1 calorimetry 1087:1097 isothermal titration calorimetry 1066:1097 isothermal titration calorimetry 1066:1097 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 63 theme membrane 998:1005 arg1 curves 961:966 time killing curves 948:966 time killing curves 948:966 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 5 63 theme membrane 998:1005 arg1 assays 1024:1029 membrane permeabilization assays 998:1029 membrane permeabilization assays 998:1029 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 2 64 theme activity 418:425 arg1 target 386:391 the main target 377:391 the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity 377:425 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 1 65 theme direct 218:223 arg1 properties 239:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 31040323 0 66 theme apolipoprotein 55:68 arg1 B 70:70 apolipoprotein B 55:70 apolipoprotein B 55:70 Effects of human antimicrobial cryptides identified in apolipoprotein B depend on specific features of bacterial strains. 31040323 5 67 theme ApoB 1137:1140 arg1 cryptides 1142:1150 ApoB cryptides 1137:1150 ApoB cryptides 1137:1150 Here, by using a multidisciplinary approach, including time killing curves, Zeta potential measurements, membrane permeabilization assays, electron microscopy analyses, and isothermal titration calorimetry studies, the antimicrobial effects of ApoB cryptides have been analysed on bacterial strains either susceptible or resistant to peptide toxicity. 31040323 4 68 with combination 806:816 arg1 antibiotics 836:846 conventional antibiotics 823:846 conventional antibiotics 823:846 Moreover, ApoB derived HDPs are able to synergistically act in combination with conventional antibiotics, while being not toxic for eukaryotic cells. 31040323 2 69 theme bacterial 347:355 arg1 membrane 357:364 bacterial membrane 347:364 bacterial membrane 347:364 Even if it has been widely demonstrated that bacterial membrane represents the main target of peptide antimicrobial activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane perturbation by HDPs have not been fully clarified yet. 31040323 1 70 theme antimicrobial 225:237 arg1 properties 239:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 direct antimicrobial properties 218:248 Cationic Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) are endowed with a broad variety of activities, including direct antimicrobial properties and modulatory roles in the innate immune response. 29508554 0 0 theme Cancer 103:108 arg1 Therapy 110:116 Effective Cancer Therapy 93:116 Effective Cancer Therapy 93:116 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 2 1 theme short-term 488:497 arg1 effect 542:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 5 2 theme irregular 883:891 arg1 pores 910:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 0 3 theme Effective 93:101 arg1 Therapy 110:116 Effective Cancer Therapy 93:116 Effective Cancer Therapy 93:116 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 7 4 theme BP-polymer-based 1196:1211 arg1 agents 1226:1231 BP-polymer-based photothermal agents 1196:1231 BP-polymer-based photothermal agents 1196:1231 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 4 5 theme BP 742:743 arg1 BPNSs 757:761 BPNSs 757:761 BPNSs 757:761 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 4 5 theme BP 742:743 arg1 nanosheets 745:754 BP nanosheets 742:754 BP nanosheets (BPNSs) 742:762 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 6 6 theme hydrogel 1065:1072 arg1 nanoplatform 1074:1085 this hydrogel nanoplatform 1060:1085 this hydrogel nanoplatform 1060:1085 Importantly, this hydrogel nanoplatform is totally harmless and biocompatible both in vivo and in vitro. 29508554 6 7 dep in 1142:1143 arg1 vitro 1145:1149 vitro 1145:1149 vitro 1145:1149 Importantly, this hydrogel nanoplatform is totally harmless and biocompatible both in vivo and in vitro. 29508554 3 8 theme BP-based 565:572 arg1 nanocomposites 574:587 BP-based nanocomposites 565:587 BP-based nanocomposites for PTT against cancer 565:610 Development of BP-based nanocomposites for PTT against cancer therefore remains challenging. 29508554 5 9 theme enhanced 1005:1012 arg1 stability 1014:1022 enhanced stability 1005:1022 enhanced stability 1005:1022 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 3 10 theme nanocomposites 574:587 arg1 Development 550:560 Development 550:560 Development of BP-based nanocomposites for PTT against cancer 550:610 Development of BP-based nanocomposites for PTT against cancer therefore remains challenging. 29508554 1 11 theme high 260:263 arg1 efficiency 278:287 its high photothermal efficiency 256:287 its high photothermal efficiency 256:287 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 2 12 theme photothermal 529:540 arg1 effect 542:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 2 13 dep inside 440:445 arg1 microenvironment 457:472 the tumor microenvironment 447:472 sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment 426:472 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 1 14 theme intriguing 168:177 arg1 agent 192:196 an intriguing photothermal agent 165:196 an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer 165:241 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 2 15 theme inhomogeneous 515:527 arg1 effect 542:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 7 16 theme photothermal 1213:1224 arg1 agents 1226:1231 BP-polymer-based photothermal agents 1196:1231 BP-polymer-based photothermal agents 1196:1231 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 6 17 dep in 1130:1131 arg1 vivo 1133:1136 vivo 1133:1136 vivo 1133:1136 Importantly, this hydrogel nanoplatform is totally harmless and biocompatible both in vivo and in vitro. 29508554 1 18 theme photothermal 179:190 arg1 agent 192:196 an intriguing photothermal agent 165:196 an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer 165:241 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 0 19 theme Novel 13:17 arg1 Phosphorus/Cellulose 25:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose 0:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose 0:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 6 20 dep harmless 1098:1105 arg1 both 1125:1128 both 1125:1128 both 1125:1128 Importantly, this hydrogel nanoplatform is totally harmless and biocompatible both in vivo and in vitro. 29508554 4 21 theme great 771:775 arg1 efficiency 777:786 great efficiency 771:786 great efficiency 771:786 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 7 22 theme hydrogels 1248:1256 arg1 form 1240:1243 the form 1236:1243 the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications 1236:1299 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 5 23 theme 3D 866:867 arg1 networks 869:876 3D networks 866:876 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 866:954 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 1 24 theme photothermal 265:276 arg1 efficiency 278:287 its high photothermal efficiency 256:287 its high photothermal efficiency 256:287 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 2 25 theme easy 382:385 arg1 degradation 409:419 natural degradation 401:419 natural degradation 401:419 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 2 25 theme easy 382:385 arg1 oxidation 387:395 easy oxidation 382:395 easy oxidation (or natural degradation) 382:420 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 1 26 theme efficiency 278:287 arg1 virtue 246:251 virtue 246:251 virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability 246:327 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 1 27 theme Black 119:123 arg1 BP 137:138 BP 137:138 BP 137:138 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 1 27 theme Black 119:123 arg1 phosphorus 125:134 Black phosphorus 119:134 Black phosphorus (BP) 119:139 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 1 28 theme photothermal 201:212 arg1 therapy 214:220 photothermal therapy 201:220 photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer 201:241 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 1 28 theme photothermal 201:212 arg1 PTT 223:225 PTT 223:225 PTT 223:225 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 2 29 theme sedimentation 426:438 arg1 inside 440:445 sedimentation inside 426:445 sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment 426:472 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 5 30 theme micrometer-sized 893:908 arg1 pores 910:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 1 31 theme biocompatibility 290:305 arg1 virtue 246:251 virtue 246:251 virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability 246:327 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 4 32 theme injectable 688:697 arg1 hydrogels 709:717 green and injectable composite hydrogels 678:717 hydrogels 709:717 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 5 33 theme thin 920:923 arg1 walls 950:954 thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 920:954 thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 920:954 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 34 theme resultant 816:824 arg1 hydrogel 847:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 35 theme photothermal 982:993 arg1 response 995:1002 an excellent photothermal response 969:1002 an excellent photothermal response 969:1002 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 2 36 theme natural 401:407 arg1 degradation 409:419 natural degradation 401:419 natural degradation 401:419 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 2 36 theme natural 401:407 arg1 oxidation 387:395 easy oxidation 382:395 easy oxidation (or natural degradation) 382:420 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 0 37 theme Photothermal 69:80 arg1 Agents 82:87 Promising Photothermal Agents 59:87 Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy 59:116 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 7 38 from development 1181:1191 arg1 form 1240:1243 the form 1236:1243 the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications 1236:1299 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 5 39 contain possesses 856:864 arg1 hydrogel 847:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 39 contain possesses 856:864 arg2 networks 869:876 3D networks 866:876 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 866:954 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 40 dep thin 920:923 arg1 cellulose-formed 933:948 cellulose-formed 933:948 cellulose-formed 933:948 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 41 theme excellent 972:980 arg1 response 995:1002 an excellent photothermal response 969:1002 an excellent photothermal response 969:1002 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 0 42 theme Promising 59:67 arg1 Agents 82:87 Promising Photothermal Agents 59:87 Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy 59:116 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 1 43 theme biodegradability 312:327 arg1 virtue 246:251 virtue 246:251 virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability 246:327 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 7 44 theme clinic 1281:1286 arg1 applications 1288:1299 biomedical-related clinic applications 1262:1299 biomedical-related clinic applications 1262:1299 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 2 45 theme naked 339:343 arg1 BP 345:346 naked BP 339:346 naked BP 339:346 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 5 46 theme cellulose/BPNS-based 826:845 arg1 hydrogel 847:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel 812:854 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 7 47 theme agents 1226:1231 arg1 development 1181:1191 the development 1177:1191 the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications 1177:1299 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 4 48 theme present 647:653 arg1 work 655:658 The present work 643:658 The present work 643:658 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 5 49 with networks 869:876 arg1 pores 910:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 irregular micrometer-sized pores 883:914 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 49 with networks 869:876 arg1 walls 950:954 thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 920:954 thin, strong cellulose-formed walls 920:954 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 5 50 theme good 1029:1032 arg1 flexibility 1034:1044 good flexibility 1029:1044 good flexibility 1029:1044 The resultant cellulose/BPNS-based hydrogel possesses 3D networks with irregular micrometer-sized pores and thin, strong cellulose-formed walls and exhibits an excellent photothermal response, enhanced stability, and good flexibility. 29508554 1 51 from agent 192:196 arg1 therapy 214:220 photothermal therapy 201:220 photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer 201:241 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 1 51 from agent 192:196 arg1 PTT 223:225 PTT 223:225 PTT 223:225 Black phosphorus (BP) has recently emerged as an intriguing photothermal agent in photothermal therapy (PTT) against cancer by virtue of its high photothermal efficiency, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. 29508554 4 52 theme green 678:682 arg1 hydrogels 709:717 green and injectable composite hydrogels 678:717 hydrogels 709:717 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 4 53 theme composite 699:707 arg1 hydrogels 709:717 green and injectable composite hydrogels 678:717 hydrogels 709:717 The present work demonstrates that green and injectable composite hydrogels based on cellulose and BP nanosheets (BPNSs) are of great efficiency for PTT against cancer. 29508554 2 54 theme therapeutic 499:509 arg1 effect 542:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect 486:547 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 29508554 7 55 theme biomedical-related 1262:1279 arg1 applications 1288:1299 biomedical-related clinic applications 1262:1299 biomedical-related clinic applications 1262:1299 This work may facilitate the development of BP-polymer-based photothermal agents in the form of hydrogels for biomedical-related clinic applications. 29508554 0 56 theme Black 19:23 arg1 Phosphorus/Cellulose 25:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose 0:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose 0:44 Conceptually Novel Black Phosphorus/Cellulose Hydrogels as Promising Photothermal Agents for Effective Cancer Therapy. 29508554 2 57 theme tumor 451:455 arg1 microenvironment 457:472 the tumor microenvironment 447:472 sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment 426:472 However, naked BP is intrinsically characterized by easy oxidation (or natural degradation) and sedimentation inside the tumor microenvironment, leading to a short-term therapeutic and inhomogeneous photothermal effect. 30033262 7 0 theme quantitative 1165:1176 arg1 mapping 1193:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping 1154:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1154:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 0 theme quantitative 1165:1176 arg1 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 8 1 from use 1436:1438 arg1 applications 1501:1512 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 10 2 theme tissue 1961:1966 arg1 applications 1980:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 8 3 theme lower 1523:1527 arg1 response 1541:1548 their lower osteoblasts response 1517:1548 their lower osteoblasts response 1517:1548 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 10 4 theme composite 1821:1829 arg1 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 10 4 theme composite 1821:1829 arg1 properties 1789:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 4 5 theme scaffolds 781:789 arg1 properties 750:759 the properties 746:759 the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds 746:789 For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. 30033262 3 6 theme nano-calcium 674:685 arg1 zirconate 687:695 nano-calcium zirconate 674:695 nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 674:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 1 7 theme based 222:226 arg1 nanoparticles 239:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles 207:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles 207:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 2 8 with nano-hydroxyapatite 455:473 arg1 component 518:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 5 9 theme porous 815:820 arg1 scaffolds 832:840 The porous composite scaffolds 811:840 The porous composite scaffolds 811:840 The porous composite scaffolds were developed using the freeze-drying technique. 30033262 10 10 theme Zr 1836:1837 arg1 bio-ceramic 1845:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 9 11 theme higher 1594:1599 arg1 proliferation 1601:1613 higher proliferation 1594:1613 higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO 1594:1652 This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. 30033262 7 12 theme material 1293:1300 arg1 modulus 1272:1278 the Young's modulus 1260:1278 the Young's modulus of composite material 1260:1300 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 10 13 theme CS-nHA 1877:1882 arg1 scaffolds 1894:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 0 14 theme bone 188:191 arg1 regeneration 193:204 bone regeneration 188:204 bone regeneration 188:204 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 1 15 theme filler 261:266 arg1 material 268:275 the filler material 257:275 the filler material to chitosan (CS) 257:292 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 6 16 theme compressive 896:906 arg1 strength 908:915 The compressive strength 892:915 The compressive strength 892:915 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 16 theme compressive 896:906 arg1 comparable 1098:1107 comparable 1098:1107 comparable 1098:1107 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 16 theme compressive 896:906 arg1 higher 1017:1022 higher 1017:1022 higher 1017:1022 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 10 17 with comparable 1861:1870 arg1 scaffolds 1894:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 6 18 theme CS-nCZ 1136:1141 arg1 scaffolds 1143:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 3 19 theme scaffolds 611:619 arg1 properties 584:593 the physical and biological properties 556:593 the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 556:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 7 20 theme force 1159:1163 arg1 mapping 1193:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping 1154:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1154:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 20 theme force 1159:1163 arg1 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 3 21 theme CS 598:599 arg1 scaffolds 611:619 CS composite scaffolds 598:619 CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 598:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 1 22 theme hydroxyapatite 367:380 arg1 nanoparticles 382:394 hydroxyapatite nanoparticles 367:394 hydroxyapatite nanoparticles 367:394 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 4 23 from time 726:729 arg1 study 739:743 this study 734:743 this study 734:743 For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. 30033262 2 24 theme bone 503:506 arg1 component 518:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 6 25 dep higher 1017:1022 arg1 p < 0.05 1025:1032 p < 0.05 1025:1032 p < 0.05 1025:1032 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 25 dep higher 1017:1022 arg1 compared 1036:1043 compared 1036:1043 compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) 1036:1087 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 2 26 theme biological 430:439 arg1 similarity 441:450 the biological similarity 426:450 the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component 426:526 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 2 27 dep nHA 476:478 arg1 Ca10 481:484 Ca10(PO4)6 481:490 nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 476:495 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 2 27 dep nHA 476:478 arg1 OH 492:493 OH 492:493 OH 492:493 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 8 28 theme major 1416:1420 arg1 issues 1422:1427 the major issues 1412:1427 the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications 1412:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 0 29 theme nano-calcium 100:111 arg1 investigation 12:24 Comparative investigation 0:24 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium 0:111 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 0 30 theme Comparative 0:10 arg1 investigation 12:24 Comparative investigation 0:24 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium 0:111 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 10 31 with composite 1821:1829 arg1 bio-ceramic 1845:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 0 32 theme nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan 36:64 arg1 investigation 12:24 Comparative investigation 0:24 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium 0:111 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 1 33 theme scaffolds 328:336 arg1 development 303:313 the development 299:313 the development of composite scaffolds 299:336 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 7 34 theme force 1225:1229 arg1 microscope 1231:1240 an atomic force microscope 1215:1240 an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1215:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 34 theme force 1225:1229 arg1 AFM 1243:1245 AFM 1243:1245 AFM 1243:1245 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 8 35 theme Zr 1443:1444 arg1 materials 1463:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 0 36 theme novel 94:98 arg1 nano-calcium 100:111 novel nano-calcium 94:111 novel nano-calcium 94:111 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 4 37 theme CS-nCZ 764:769 arg1 scaffolds 781:789 CS-nCZ composite scaffolds 764:789 CS-nCZ composite scaffolds 764:789 For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. 30033262 0 38 theme nano-zirconia/chitosan 67:88 arg1 investigation 12:24 Comparative investigation 0:24 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium 0:111 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 10 39 theme bone 1956:1959 arg1 applications 1980:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 8 40 theme bioceramic 1452:1461 arg1 materials 1463:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 8 41 theme osteoblasts 1529:1539 arg1 response 1541:1548 their lower osteoblasts response 1517:1548 their lower osteoblasts response 1517:1548 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 7 42 theme composite 1384:1392 arg1 materials 1394:1402 the composite materials 1380:1402 the composite materials 1380:1402 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 6 43 theme CS 1048:1049 arg1 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 43 theme CS 1048:1049 arg1 28 KPa 1068:1073 28 KPa 1068:1073 28 KPa 1068:1073 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 43 theme CS 1048:1049 arg1 scaffolds 1057:1065 CS alone scaffolds 1048:1065 CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) 1048:1087 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 8 44 theme tissue 1481:1486 arg1 regeneration 1488:1499 bone tissue regeneration 1476:1499 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 3 45 dep nano-zirconia 642:654 arg1 nZrO 657:660 nZrO 657:660 nZrO; ZrO2 657:666 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 7 46 theme nanomechanical 1178:1191 arg1 mapping 1193:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping 1154:1199 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1154:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 46 theme nanomechanical 1178:1191 arg1 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 PFQNM 1202:1206 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 10 47 theme engineering 1968:1978 arg1 applications 1980:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 3 48 dep nZrO 657:660 arg1 ZrO2 663:666 ZrO2 663:666 nZrO; ZrO2 657:666 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 6 49 theme CS-nHA 1115:1120 arg1 scaffolds 1143:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 10 50 theme CS 1818:1819 arg1 composite 1821:1829 CS composite 1818:1829 CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic 1818:1855 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 4 51 theme composite 771:779 arg1 scaffolds 781:789 CS-nCZ composite scaffolds 764:789 CS-nCZ composite scaffolds 764:789 For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. 30033262 1 52 theme bioceramic 228:237 arg1 nanoparticles 239:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles 207:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles 207:251 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 7 53 theme only 1325:1328 arg1 p < 0.001 1334:1342 p < 0.001 1334:1342 p < 0.001 1334:1342 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 53 theme only 1325:1328 arg1 CS 1330:1331 only CS 1325:1331 only CS (p < 0.001) 1325:1343 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 10 54 theme based 1839:1843 arg1 bio-ceramic 1845:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Zr based bio-ceramic 1836:1855 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 3 55 theme biological 573:582 arg1 properties 584:593 the physical and biological properties 556:593 the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 556:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 3 56 theme physical 560:567 arg1 properties 584:593 the physical and biological properties 556:593 the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 556:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 9 57 theme pre-osteoblasts 1618:1632 arg1 proliferation 1601:1613 higher proliferation 1594:1613 higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO 1594:1652 This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. 30033262 7 58 theme composite 1283:1291 arg1 material 1293:1300 composite material 1283:1300 composite material 1283:1300 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 3 59 theme composite 601:609 arg1 scaffolds 611:619 CS composite scaffolds 598:619 CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3) 598:709 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 5 60 theme freeze-drying 867:879 arg1 technique 881:889 the freeze-drying technique 863:889 the freeze-drying technique 863:889 The porous composite scaffolds were developed using the freeze-drying technique. 30033262 6 61 theme composite 982:990 arg1 scaffolds 992:1000 composite scaffolds 982:1000 composite scaffolds 982:1000 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 7 62 theme Peak 1154:1157 arg1 force 1159:1163 Peak force 1154:1163 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1154:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 5 63 theme composite 822:830 arg1 scaffolds 832:840 The porous composite scaffolds 811:840 The porous composite scaffolds 811:840 The porous composite scaffolds were developed using the freeze-drying technique. 30033262 6 64 theme 0.75-0.95 MPa 964:976 arg1 range 941:945 the range 937:945 the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds 937:1000 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 65 theme CS-nZrO 1123:1129 arg1 scaffolds 1143:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds 1115:1151 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 10 66 theme composite 1884:1892 arg1 scaffolds 1894:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 CS-nHA composite scaffolds 1877:1902 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 0 67 theme composite 132:140 arg1 scaffolds 142:150 composite scaffolds 132:150 composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration 132:204 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 6 68 theme 50-55 KPa 950:958 arg1 range 941:945 the range 937:945 the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds 937:1000 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 2 69 theme inorganic 508:516 arg1 component 518:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 bone inorganic component 503:526 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 0 70 theme potential 162:170 arg1 applications 172:183 their potential applications 156:183 their potential applications in bone regeneration 156:204 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 8 71 theme issues 1422:1427 arg1 One 1405:1407 One 1405:1407 One 1405:1407 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 8 71 theme issues 1422:1427 arg1 issues 1422:1427 the major issues 1412:1427 the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications 1412:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 4 72 theme first 720:724 arg1 time 726:729 the first time 716:729 the first time in this study 716:743 For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. 30033262 0 73 theme porous 29:34 arg1 nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan 36:64 porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan 29:64 porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan 29:64 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 30033262 9 74 theme CS-nHA 1709:1714 arg1 scaffolds 1716:1724 CS-nHA scaffolds 1709:1724 CS-nHA scaffolds 1709:1724 This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. 30033262 2 75 theme nano-hydroxyapatite 455:473 arg1 similarity 441:450 the biological similarity 426:450 the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component 426:526 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 8 76 from issues 1422:1427 arg1 use 1436:1438 the use 1432:1438 the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications 1432:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 1 77 theme composite 318:326 arg1 scaffolds 328:336 composite scaffolds 318:336 composite scaffolds 318:336 Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. 30033262 9 78 located observed 1697:1704 arg2 that 1692:1695 that 1692:1695 that 1692:1695 This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. 30033262 9 78 located observed 1697:1704 arg1 scaffolds 1716:1724 CS-nHA scaffolds 1709:1724 CS-nHA scaffolds 1709:1724 This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. 30033262 7 79 theme atomic 1218:1223 arg1 microscope 1231:1240 an atomic force microscope 1215:1240 an atomic force microscope (AFM) 1215:1246 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 7 79 theme atomic 1218:1223 arg1 AFM 1243:1245 AFM 1243:1245 AFM 1243:1245 Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. 30033262 8 80 theme based 1446:1450 arg1 materials 1463:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 Zr based bioceramic materials 1443:1471 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 3 81 dep zirconate 687:695 arg1 nCZ 698:700 nCZ 698:700 nCZ; CaZrO3 698:708 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 8 82 theme materials 1463:1471 arg1 use 1436:1438 the use 1432:1438 the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications 1432:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 10 83 theme biological 1778:1787 arg1 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 10 83 theme biological 1778:1787 arg1 properties 1789:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 2 84 dep nano-hydroxyapatite 455:473 arg1 nHA 476:478 nHA 476:478 nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 476:495 This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) with bone inorganic component. 30033262 3 85 dep nCZ 698:700 arg1 CaZrO3 703:708 CaZrO3 703:708 nCZ; CaZrO3 698:708 In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO2), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO3). 30033262 10 86 theme future 1949:1954 arg1 applications 1980:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 future bone tissue engineering applications 1949:1991 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 8 87 theme bone 1476:1479 arg1 regeneration 1488:1499 bone tissue regeneration 1476:1499 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 10 88 theme physical 1765:1772 arg1 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 comparable 1861:1870 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 10 88 theme physical 1765:1772 arg1 properties 1789:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 the physical and biological properties 1761:1798 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 6 89 dep scaffolds 1057:1065 arg1 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 0.25 MPa 1079:1086 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 89 dep scaffolds 1057:1065 arg1 28 KPa 1068:1073 28 KPa 1068:1073 28 KPa 1068:1073 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 6 89 dep scaffolds 1057:1065 arg1 scaffolds 1057:1065 CS alone scaffolds 1048:1065 CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) 1048:1087 The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. 30033262 10 90 theme CS-nCZ 1938:1943 arg1 prospective 1923:1933 prospective 1923:1933 prospective 1923:1933 Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications. 30033262 8 91 theme regeneration 1488:1499 arg1 applications 1501:1512 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 bone tissue regeneration applications 1476:1512 One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. 30033262 0 92 from applications 172:183 arg1 regeneration 193:204 bone regeneration 188:204 bone regeneration 188:204 Comparative investigation of porous nano-hydroxyapaptite/chitosan, nano-zirconia/chitosan and novel nano-calcium zirconate/chitosan composite scaffolds for their potential applications in bone regeneration. 31325773 4 0 dep morphology 546:555 arg1 the 542:544 the 542:544 the 542:544 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 8 1 theme Fe3O4 1126:1130 arg1 NPs 1132:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 9 2 theme potential 1391:1399 arg1 imaging 1383:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging 1353:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging 1353:1427 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 1 3 theme present 157:163 arg1 work 165:168 the present work 153:168 the present work 153:168 In the present work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties were prepared and capped by using Chitosan. 31325773 5 4 theme superparamagnetic 743:759 arg1 nature 761:766 the superparamagnetic nature 739:766 the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles 739:796 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 4 5 theme NPs 597:599 arg1 morphology 546:555 morphology 546:555 morphology 546:555 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 4 5 theme NPs 597:599 arg1 distribution 566:577 size distribution 561:577 size distribution 561:577 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 0 6 theme sound 79:83 arg1 examination 85:95 ultra sound examination 73:95 ultra sound examination 73:95 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 10 7 theme SPION 1466:1470 arg1 composites 1472:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites 1437:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration 1437:1496 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 9 8 theme magnetic 1297:1304 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 8 theme magnetic 1297:1304 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 4 9 theme Fe3O4 591:595 arg1 NPs 597:599 uncoated Fe3O4 NPs 582:599 uncoated Fe3O4 NPs 582:599 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 0 10 theme magnetic 101:108 arg1 imaging 120:126 magnetic resonance imaging 101:126 magnetic resonance imaging 101:126 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 4 11 theme TEM 524:526 arg1 images 528:533 TEM images 524:533 TEM images 524:533 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 8 12 theme in-vitro 1086:1093 arg1 ability 1095:1101 the in-vitro ability 1082:1101 the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1082:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 10 13 theme Chitosan 1450:1457 arg1 composites 1472:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites 1437:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration 1437:1496 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 8 14 from agents 1148:1153 arg1 imaging 1207:1213 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 9 15 theme significant 1353:1363 arg1 imaging 1383:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging 1353:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging 1353:1427 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 16 theme US/MR 1415:1419 arg1 imaging 1421:1427 dual-mode US/MR imaging 1405:1427 dual-mode US/MR imaging 1405:1427 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 6 17 theme ferromagnetic 816:828 arg1 magnetization 830:842 ferromagnetic magnetization 816:842 ferromagnetic magnetization which is very sensitive towards the sample's nanostructure 816:901 Fe3O4 NPs showed ferromagnetic magnetization which is very sensitive towards the sample's nanostructure. 31325773 2 18 dep Fourier 354:360 arg1 transform 362:370 transform 362:370 transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 362:399 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 10 19 from guide 1517:1521 arg1 treatment 1544:1552 treatment 1544:1552 treatment 1544:1552 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 10 19 from guide 1517:1521 arg1 diagnosis 1530:1538 diagnosis 1530:1538 diagnosis 1530:1538 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 9 20 theme contrast-enhanced 1365:1381 arg1 imaging 1383:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging 1353:1389 significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging 1353:1427 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 8 21 theme sound/Magnetic 1174:1187 arg1 resonance 1189:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance 1158:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 8 21 theme sound/Magnetic 1174:1187 arg1 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 4 22 theme 10 nm 674:678 arg1 size 660:663 an average particle size 640:663 an average particle size of about 10 nm 640:678 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 0 23 theme resonance 110:118 arg1 imaging 120:126 magnetic resonance imaging 101:126 magnetic resonance imaging 101:126 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 5 24 theme nanoparticles 784:796 arg1 nature 761:766 the superparamagnetic nature 739:766 the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles 739:796 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 10 25 theme cancers 1557:1563 arg1 treatment 1544:1552 treatment 1544:1552 treatment 1544:1552 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 10 25 theme cancers 1557:1563 arg1 diagnosis 1530:1538 diagnosis 1530:1538 diagnosis 1530:1538 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 2 26 dep infrared 372:379 arg1 FTIR 382:385 FTIR 382:385 FTIR 382:385 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 9 27 theme para 1292:1295 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 27 theme para 1292:1295 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 1 28 theme Fe3O4 171:175 arg1 nanoparticles 177:189 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 171:189 Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties 171:223 In the present work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties were prepared and capped by using Chitosan. 31325773 5 29 theme prepared 775:782 arg1 nanoparticles 784:796 the prepared nanoparticles 771:796 the prepared nanoparticles 771:796 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 8 30 theme Chitosan 1110:1117 arg1 NPs 1132:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 6 31 theme Fe3O4 799:803 arg1 NPs 805:807 Fe3O4 NPs 799:807 Fe3O4 NPs 799:807 Fe3O4 NPs showed ferromagnetic magnetization which is very sensitive towards the sample's nanostructure. 31325773 8 32 theme contrast 1139:1146 arg1 agents 1148:1153 contrast agents 1139:1153 contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1139:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 3 33 theme surface 428:434 arg1 charge 436:441 surface charge 428:441 surface charge 428:441 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 9 34 theme dual-mode 1405:1413 arg1 imaging 1421:1427 dual-mode US/MR imaging 1405:1427 dual-mode US/MR imaging 1405:1427 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 10 35 theme potential 1507:1515 arg1 guide 1517:1521 potential guide 1507:1521 potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers 1507:1563 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 7 36 theme substantial 954:964 arg1 reduction 966:974 the substantial reduction 950:974 the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior 950:999 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 2 37 theme electron 324:331 arg1 TEM 345:347 TEM 345:347 TEM 345:347 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 2 37 theme electron 324:331 arg1 microscopy 333:342 transmission electron microscopy 311:342 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 311:348 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 0 38 theme paramagnetic 42:53 arg1 nanoparticles 55:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles 30:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment 30:147 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 9 39 theme super 1286:1290 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 39 theme super 1286:1290 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 4 40 theme size 561:564 arg1 distribution 566:577 size distribution 561:577 size distribution 561:577 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 0 41 theme cancer 132:137 arg1 treatment 139:147 cancer treatment 132:147 cancer treatment 132:147 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 9 42 theme Chitosan 1270:1277 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 42 theme Chitosan 1270:1277 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 2 43 theme transmission 311:322 arg1 TEM 345:347 TEM 345:347 TEM 345:347 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 2 43 theme transmission 311:322 arg1 microscopy 333:342 transmission electron microscopy 311:342 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 311:348 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 1 44 theme superparamagnetic 196:212 arg1 properties 214:223 superparamagnetic properties 196:223 superparamagnetic properties 196:223 In the present work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties were prepared and capped by using Chitosan. 31325773 0 45 theme surface 13:19 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of surface 0:19 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 4 46 theme uncoated 582:589 arg1 NPs 597:599 uncoated Fe3O4 NPs 582:599 uncoated Fe3O4 NPs 582:599 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 8 47 theme coated 1119:1124 arg1 NPs 1132:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs 1106:1134 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 9 48 theme coated 1279:1284 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 48 theme coated 1279:1284 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 0 49 theme super 36:40 arg1 nanoparticles 55:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles 30:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment 30:147 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 7 50 from reduction 966:974 arg1 behavior 992:999 paramagnetic behavior 979:999 paramagnetic behavior 979:999 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 4 51 theme particle 651:658 arg1 size 660:663 an average particle size 640:663 an average particle size of about 10 nm 640:678 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 3 52 theme synthesized 450:460 arg1 NPs 462:464 the synthesized NPs 446:464 the synthesized NPs 446:464 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 0 53 theme Fe3O4 30:34 arg1 nanoparticles 55:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles 30:67 Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment 30:147 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 8 54 theme NPs 1132:1134 arg1 ability 1095:1101 the in-vitro ability 1082:1101 the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1082:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 8 55 theme resonance 1189:1197 arg1 imaging 1207:1213 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 3 56 theme NPs 462:464 arg1 size 419:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 3 56 theme NPs 462:464 arg1 charge 436:441 surface charge 428:441 surface charge 428:441 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 3 57 theme Average 402:408 arg1 size 419:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 1 58 with nanoparticles 177:189 arg1 properties 214:223 superparamagnetic properties 196:223 superparamagnetic properties 196:223 In the present work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties were prepared and capped by using Chitosan. 31325773 8 59 theme Ultra 1168:1172 arg1 resonance 1189:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance 1158:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 8 59 theme Ultra 1168:1172 arg1 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 8 60 theme efficient 1158:1166 arg1 resonance 1189:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance 1158:1197 efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging 1158:1213 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 8 60 theme efficient 1158:1166 arg1 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 US/MR 1200:1204 Further, the in-vitro ability of the Chitosan coated Fe3O4 NPs as contrast agents in efficient Ultra sound/Magnetic resonance (US/MR) imaging was investigated. 31325773 3 61 theme Malvern 494:500 arg1 instrument 512:521 Malvern Zetasizer instrument 494:521 Malvern Zetasizer instrument 494:521 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 3 62 theme particle 410:417 arg1 size 419:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size 402:422 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 10 63 theme coated 1459:1464 arg1 composites 1472:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites 1437:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration 1437:1496 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 5 64 theme Vibrating 681:689 arg1 VSM 714:716 VSM 714:716 VSM 714:716 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 5 64 theme Vibrating 681:689 arg1 Magnetometry 700:711 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry 681:711 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) 681:717 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 9 65 theme iron 1306:1309 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 65 theme iron 1306:1309 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 3 66 theme Zetasizer 502:510 arg1 instrument 512:521 Malvern Zetasizer instrument 494:521 Malvern Zetasizer instrument 494:521 Average particle size and surface charge of the synthesized NPs were characterized by using Malvern Zetasizer instrument. 31325773 5 67 theme Scanning 691:698 arg1 VSM 714:716 VSM 714:716 VSM 714:716 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 5 67 theme Scanning 691:698 arg1 Magnetometry 700:711 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry 681:711 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) 681:717 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 9 68 theme oxide 1311:1315 arg1 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 SPION 1332:1336 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 9 68 theme oxide 1311:1315 arg1 nanoparticles 1317:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles 1266:1329 the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) 1266:1337 These findings demonstrated that the Chitosan coated super para magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have reported significant contrast-enhanced imaging potential for dual-mode US/MR imaging. 31325773 2 69 theme synthesized 273:283 arg1 NPs 285:287 The synthesized NPs 269:287 The synthesized NPs 269:287 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 7 70 theme magnetic 1057:1064 arg1 field 1066:1070 magnetic field 1057:1070 magnetic field 1057:1070 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 10 71 dep composites 1472:1481 arg1 administration 1483:1496 administration 1483:1496 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration 1437:1496 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 4 72 theme uniform 617:623 arg1 NPS 631:633 the uniform sized NPS 613:633 the uniform sized NPS 613:633 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 5 73 theme Magnetometry 700:711 arg1 experiments 719:729 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, 681:730 experiments 719:729 Vibrating Scanning Magnetometry (VSM) experiments, showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared nanoparticles. 31325773 7 74 theme paramagnetic 919:930 arg1 studies 932:938 paramagnetic studies 919:938 paramagnetic studies 919:938 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 0 75 theme ultra 73:77 arg1 examination 85:95 ultra sound examination 73:95 ultra sound examination 73:95 Synthesis of surface modified Fe3O4 super paramagnetic nanoparticles for ultra sound examination and magnetic resonance imaging for cancer treatment. 31325773 4 76 theme average 643:649 arg1 size 660:663 an average particle size 640:663 an average particle size of about 10 nm 640:678 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 31325773 7 77 theme studies 932:938 arg1 results 908:914 The results 904:914 The results of paramagnetic studies 904:938 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 10 78 theme prepared 1441:1448 arg1 composites 1472:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites 1437:1481 the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration 1437:1496 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 7 79 theme paramagnetic 979:990 arg1 behavior 992:999 paramagnetic behavior 979:999 paramagnetic behavior 979:999 The results of paramagnetic studies exhibited the substantial reduction in paramagnetic behavior after Chitosan coating but sufficient for responding in magnetic field. 31325773 10 80 dep diagnosis 1530:1538 arg1 the 1526:1528 the 1526:1528 the 1526:1528 Hence, the prepared Chitosan coated SPION composites administration serve as potential guide in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. 31325773 2 81 theme infrared 372:379 arg1 spectroscopy 388:399 infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 372:399 infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 372:399 The synthesized NPs were studied by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 31325773 4 82 theme sized 625:629 arg1 NPS 631:633 the uniform sized NPS 613:633 the uniform sized NPS 613:633 TEM images showed the morphology and size distribution of uncoated Fe3O4 NPs, exhibiting the uniform sized NPS with an average particle size of about 10 nm. 29934739 6 0 theme sporophyte 1314:1323 arg1 role 1302:1305 the crucial role 1290:1305 the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte 1290:1343 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 6 0 theme sporophyte 1314:1323 arg1 vulnerability 1353:1365 the vulnerability 1349:1365 the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures 1349:1400 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 0 1 from development 12:22 arg1 Anacardiaceae 55:67 Anacardiaceae 55:67 Anacardiaceae 55:67 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 29934739 0 1 from development 12:22 arg1 mango 27:31 mango 27:31 mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae) 27:68 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 29934739 1 2 theme perennial 111:119 arg1 mango 75:79 The mango 71:79 The mango (Mangifera indica) 71:98 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 1 2 theme perennial 111:119 arg1 crop 121:124 a woody perennial crop 103:124 a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates 103:205 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 6 3 theme wall 1230:1233 arg1 composition 1235:1245 cell wall composition 1225:1245 cell wall composition of the male germline in mango 1225:1275 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 2 4 theme wall 305:308 arg1 composition 310:320 cell wall composition 300:320 cell wall composition 300:320 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 3 5 theme limiting 632:639 arg1 factor 641:646 a limiting factor 630:646 a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set 630:678 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 3 5 theme limiting 632:639 arg1 effect 552:557 the effect 548:557 the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set 548:678 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 6 6 theme cell 1225:1228 arg1 composition 1235:1245 cell wall composition 1225:1245 cell wall composition of the male germline in mango 1225:1275 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 5 7 theme male 882:885 arg1 germline 887:894 the male germline 878:894 the male germline 878:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 3 8 theme process 506:512 arg1 understanding 484:496 A detailed understanding 473:496 A detailed understanding of this process 473:512 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 3 8 theme process 506:512 arg1 important 530:538 important 530:538 important 530:538 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 6 9 from study 1216:1220 arg1 composition 1235:1245 cell wall composition 1225:1245 cell wall composition of the male germline in mango 1225:1275 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 3 10 theme fruit 670:674 arg1 set 676:678 fruit set 670:678 fruit set 670:678 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 5 11 theme germline 887:894 arg1 composition 863:873 the cell wall composition 849:873 the cell wall composition of the male germline 849:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 3 12 from effect 552:557 arg1 development 606:616 pollen development 599:616 pollen development 599:616 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 6 13 theme crucial 1294:1300 arg1 role 1302:1305 the crucial role 1290:1305 the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte 1290:1343 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 1 14 theme Mangifera 82:90 arg1 mango 75:79 The mango 71:79 The mango (Mangifera indica) 71:98 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 1 14 theme Mangifera 82:90 arg1 indica 92:97 Mangifera indica 82:97 Mangifera indica 82:97 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 4 15 theme pollen 765:770 arg1 development 772:782 pollen development 765:782 pollen development in mango 765:791 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 6 16 theme gametophyte 1333:1343 arg1 role 1302:1305 the crucial role 1290:1305 the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte 1290:1343 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 6 16 theme gametophyte 1333:1343 arg1 vulnerability 1353:1365 the vulnerability 1349:1365 the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures 1349:1400 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 5 17 theme clear 824:828 arg1 differentiation 830:844 a clear differentiation 822:844 a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline 822:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 6 18 theme integrated 1205:1214 arg1 study 1216:1220 an integrated study 1202:1220 an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures 1202:1400 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 2 19 theme essential 235:243 arg1 whole 466:470 whole 466:470 whole 466:470 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 2 19 theme essential 235:243 arg1 process 245:251 an essential process 232:251 an essential process 232:251 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 2 20 theme somatic 356:362 arg1 cells 364:368 somatic cells 356:368 somatic cells 356:368 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 0 21 theme wall 7:10 arg1 development 12:22 Pollen wall development 0:22 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 0:69 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 29934739 5 22 theme male 1061:1064 arg1 germline 1066:1073 the male germline 1057:1073 the male germline 1057:1073 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 5 23 theme wall 858:861 arg1 composition 863:873 the cell wall composition 849:873 the cell wall composition of the male germline 849:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 4 24 from development 772:782 arg1 mango 787:791 mango 787:791 mango 787:791 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 0 25 theme Pollen 0:5 arg1 development 12:22 Pollen wall development 0:22 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 0:69 Pollen wall development in mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). 29934739 5 26 theme composition 863:873 arg1 differentiation 830:844 a clear differentiation 822:844 a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline 822:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 5 27 theme developmental 942:954 arg1 stages 956:961 the early developmental stages 932:961 the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures 932:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 2 28 theme pollen 261:266 arg1 development 268:278 pollen development 261:278 pollen development 261:278 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 2 29 theme male 378:381 arg1 germline 383:390 the male germline 374:390 the male germline 374:390 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 5 30 theme low 1135:1137 arg1 temperatures 1139:1150 low temperatures 1135:1150 low temperatures 1135:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 1 31 with regions 160:166 arg1 climates 198:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 3 32 theme pollen 599:604 arg1 development 606:616 pollen development 599:616 pollen development 599:616 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 4 33 theme cell 736:739 arg1 composition 746:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 1 34 theme tropical 173:180 arg1 climates 198:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 5 35 theme somatic 1095:1101 arg1 sensitive 1122:1130 sensitive 1122:1130 sensitive 1122:1130 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 5 35 theme somatic 1095:1101 arg1 cells 1103:1107 the surrounding somatic cells 1079:1107 the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures 1079:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 6 36 theme results 1176:1182 arg1 combination 1157:1167 The combination 1153:1167 The combination of the results obtained 1153:1191 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 6 37 theme germline 1259:1266 arg1 composition 1235:1245 cell wall composition 1225:1245 cell wall composition of the male germline in mango 1225:1275 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 5 38 theme restricted 1024:1033 arg1 communication 1035:1047 a restricted communication 1022:1047 a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures 1022:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 5 39 theme early 936:940 arg1 stages 956:961 the early developmental stages 932:961 the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures 932:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 6 40 theme process 1374:1380 arg1 role 1302:1305 the crucial role 1290:1305 the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte 1290:1343 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 6 40 theme process 1374:1380 arg1 vulnerability 1353:1365 the vulnerability 1349:1365 the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures 1349:1400 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 2 41 theme cell 300:303 arg1 composition 310:320 cell wall composition 300:320 cell wall composition 300:320 Despite its importance, an essential process such as pollen development, and, specifically, cell wall composition that influences crosstalk between somatic cells and the male germline, is still poorly understood in this species and in the Anacardiaceae as a whole. 29934739 5 42 theme surrounding 1083:1093 arg1 sensitive 1122:1130 sensitive 1122:1130 sensitive 1122:1130 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 5 42 theme surrounding 1083:1093 arg1 cells 1103:1107 the surrounding somatic cells 1079:1107 the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures 1079:1150 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 6 43 theme male 1254:1257 arg1 germline 1259:1266 the male germline 1250:1266 the male germline 1250:1266 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 4 44 theme wall 741:744 arg1 composition 746:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 4 45 theme thorough 714:721 arg1 study 723:727 a thorough study 712:727 a thorough study on the cell wall composition 712:756 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 3 46 theme low 562:564 arg1 temperatures 566:577 low temperatures 562:577 low temperatures during flowering 562:594 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 1 47 theme subtropical 186:196 arg1 climates 198:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 tropical and subtropical climates 173:205 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 3 48 theme detailed 475:482 arg1 understanding 484:496 A detailed understanding 473:496 A detailed understanding of this process 473:512 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 3 48 theme detailed 475:482 arg1 important 530:538 important 530:538 important 530:538 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 3 49 theme temperatures 566:577 arg1 factor 641:646 a limiting factor 630:646 a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set 630:678 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 3 49 theme temperatures 566:577 arg1 effect 552:557 the effect 548:557 the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set 548:678 A detailed understanding of this process is particularly important to know the effect of low temperatures during flowering on pollen development that can be a limiting factor for fertilization and fruit set. 29934739 5 50 theme cell 853:856 arg1 composition 863:873 the cell wall composition 849:873 the cell wall composition of the male germline 849:894 The results obtained reveal a clear differentiation of the cell wall composition of the male germline by pectins, AGPs and extensins from the early developmental stages during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis reflecting a restricted communication between the male germline and the surrounding somatic cells that is very sensitive to low temperatures. 29934739 6 51 theme low 1385:1387 arg1 temperatures 1389:1400 low temperatures 1385:1400 low temperatures 1385:1400 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 4 52 from study 723:727 arg1 composition 746:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 the cell wall composition 732:756 To fill this gap, we performed a thorough study on the cell wall composition during pollen development in mango. 29934739 6 53 from composition 1235:1245 arg1 mango 1271:1275 mango 1271:1275 mango 1271:1275 The combination of the results obtained provides an integrated study on cell wall composition of the male germline in mango that reveals the crucial role of the sporophyte and the gametophyte and the vulnerability of the process to low temperatures. 29934739 1 54 theme woody 105:109 arg1 mango 75:79 The mango 71:79 The mango (Mangifera indica) 71:98 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 29934739 1 54 theme woody 105:109 arg1 crop 121:124 a woody perennial crop 103:124 a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates 103:205 The mango (Mangifera indica) is a woody perennial crop currently cultivated worldwide in regions with tropical and subtropical climates. 30648709 0 0 theme propolis 110:117 arg1 encapsulation 63:75 encapsulation 63:75 encapsulation 63:75 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles for encapsulation and improved bioaccessibility of propolis. 30648709 0 0 theme propolis 110:117 arg1 bioaccessibility 90:105 improved bioaccessibility 81:105 improved bioaccessibility 81:105 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles for encapsulation and improved bioaccessibility of propolis. 30648709 3 1 theme deprotonated 556:567 arg1 propolis 569:576 deprotonated propolis 556:576 deprotonated propolis 556:576 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 2 theme optimized 1108:1116 arg1 sample 1135:1140 method 3 sample 1126:1140 method 3 sample 1126:1140 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 2 theme optimized 1108:1116 arg1 method 1118:1123 the optimized method 1104:1123 the optimized method (method 3 sample) 1104:1141 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 3 3 theme M 717:717 arg1 buffer 727:732 0.1 M citrate buffer 713:732 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) 713:741 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 3 theme M 717:717 arg1 pH 735:736 pH 3.8 735:740 pH 3.8 735:740 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 4 theme zein/NaCas 901:910 arg1 surfaces 912:919 the zein/NaCas surfaces 897:919 the zein/NaCas surfaces 897:919 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 5 theme method 1126:1131 arg1 sample 1135:1140 method 3 sample 1126:1140 method 3 sample 1126:1140 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 5 theme method 1126:1131 arg1 method 1118:1123 the optimized method 1104:1123 the optimized method (method 3 sample) 1104:1141 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 6 theme zein/NaCas 1004:1013 arg1 nanoparticles 1015:1027 zein/NaCas nanoparticles 1004:1027 zein/NaCas nanoparticles 1004:1027 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 3 7 theme citrate 719:725 arg1 buffer 727:732 0.1 M citrate buffer 713:732 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) 713:741 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 7 theme citrate 719:725 arg1 pH 735:736 pH 3.8 735:740 pH 3.8 735:740 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 8 theme electrostatic 924:936 arg1 complexation 938:949 electrostatic complexation 924:949 electrostatic complexation 924:949 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 3 9 theme dissociated 593:603 arg1 micelles 622:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles 593:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) 593:637 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 9 theme dissociated 593:603 arg1 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 10 theme sodium 605:610 arg1 micelles 622:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles 593:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) 593:637 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 10 theme sodium 605:610 arg1 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 11 theme particle 1179:1186 arg1 size 1188:1191 a particle size 1177:1191 a particle size around 208 nm 1177:1205 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 8 12 from applications 1771:1782 arg1 supplements 1794:1804 supplements 1794:1804 supplements 1794:1804 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 8 12 from applications 1771:1782 arg1 pharmaceuticals 1811:1825 pharmaceuticals 1811:1825 pharmaceuticals 1811:1825 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 8 12 from applications 1771:1782 arg1 foods 1787:1791 foods 1787:1791 foods 1787:1791 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 5 13 theme 59.6 1342:1345 arg1 μg 1347:1348 μg 1347:1348 μg 1347:1348 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 1 14 theme great 205:209 arg1 attention 211:219 great attention 205:219 great attention 205:219 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules has gained great attention in recent years. 30648709 4 15 theme nanoparticles 1015:1027 arg1 aggregation 989:999 aggregation 989:999 aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles 989:1027 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 3 16 theme loaded 412:417 arg1 nanoparticles 443:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 5 17 theme μg 1347:1348 arg1 mg-1 1350:1353 59.6 μg mg-1 1342:1353 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles 1342:1390 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 3 18 theme one-step 488:495 arg1 procedure 497:505 a facile one-step procedure 479:505 a facile one-step procedure 479:505 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 19 theme propolis 403:410 arg1 nanoparticles 443:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 20 theme soluble 579:585 arg1 zein 587:590 soluble zein 579:590 soluble zein 579:590 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 21 theme -27 1244:1246 arg1 mV 1248:1249 -27 mV 1244:1249 -27 mV 1244:1249 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 2 22 theme zein-based 345:354 arg1 nanoparticles 356:368 zein-based nanoparticles 345:368 zein-based nanoparticles 345:368 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 0 23 theme One-step 0:7 arg1 assembly 9:16 One-step assembly 0:16 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate 0:43 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles for encapsulation and improved bioaccessibility of propolis. 30648709 4 24 dep nanoparticles 1075:1087 arg1 pH. 1067:1069 pH. 1067:1069 pH. 1067:1069 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 6 25 theme wide 1478:1481 arg1 range 1483:1487 a wide range 1476:1487 a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl) 1476:1546 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 4 26 theme spherical 1151:1159 arg1 morphology 1161:1170 spherical morphology 1151:1170 spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm 1151:1205 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 1 27 theme recent 224:229 arg1 years 231:235 recent years 224:235 recent years 224:235 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules has gained great attention in recent years. 30648709 0 28 theme zein/caseinate/alginate 21:43 arg1 assembly 9:16 One-step assembly 0:16 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate 0:43 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles for encapsulation and improved bioaccessibility of propolis. 30648709 3 29 theme caseinate 612:620 arg1 micelles 622:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles 593:629 dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) 593:637 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 29 theme caseinate 612:620 arg1 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 NaCas 632:636 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 6 30 theme salt 1512:1515 arg1 concentrations 1517:1530 salt concentrations 1512:1530 salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl) 1512:1546 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 6 30 theme salt 1512:1515 arg1 NaCl 1542:1545 0-300 mM NaCl 1533:1545 0-300 mM NaCl 1533:1545 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 3 31 theme alkaline 682:689 arg1 solution 691:698 then this alkaline solution 672:698 then this alkaline solution 672:698 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 2 32 theme scale-up 322:329 arg1 production 331:340 the scale-up production 318:340 the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles 318:368 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 2 32 theme scale-up 322:329 arg1 concern 380:386 a concern 378:386 a concern 378:386 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 8 33 theme hydrophobic 1740:1750 arg1 nutraceuticals 1752:1765 hydrophobic nutraceuticals 1740:1765 hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals 1740:1825 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 3 34 theme well-blended 510:521 arg1 solution 523:530 a well-blended solution 508:530 a well-blended solution 508:530 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 35 theme composite 756:764 arg1 nanoparticles 766:778 composite nanoparticles 756:778 composite nanoparticles 756:778 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 5 36 theme loading 1290:1296 arg1 LC 1308:1309 LC 1308:1309 LC 1308:1309 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 5 36 theme loading 1290:1296 arg1 capacity 1298:1305 loading capacity 1290:1305 loading capacity (LC) 1290:1310 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 2 37 theme ethanol 258:264 arg1 use 251:253 the use 247:253 the use of ethanol to dissolve zein 247:281 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 6 38 theme concentrations 1517:1530 arg1 range 1483:1487 a wide range 1476:1487 a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl) 1476:1546 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 3 39 theme facile 481:486 arg1 procedure 497:505 a facile one-step procedure 479:505 a facile one-step procedure 479:505 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 7 40 theme propolis 1600:1607 arg1 bioaccessibility 1580:1595 the bioaccessibility 1576:1595 the bioaccessibility of propolis encapsulated with nanoparticles 1576:1639 Compared to free propolis, the bioaccessibility of propolis encapsulated with nanoparticles was increased to 80%. 30648709 7 41 theme free 1561:1564 arg1 propolis 1566:1573 free propolis 1561:1573 free propolis 1561:1573 Compared to free propolis, the bioaccessibility of propolis encapsulated with nanoparticles was increased to 80%. 30648709 4 42 theme zeta 1222:1225 arg1 potential 1227:1235 a negative zeta potential 1211:1235 a negative zeta potential around -27 mV 1211:1249 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 3 43 theme zein/caseinate/alginate 419:441 arg1 nanoparticles 443:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles 403:455 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 4 44 with potential 1227:1235 arg1 size 1188:1191 a particle size 1177:1191 a particle size around 208 nm 1177:1205 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 45 theme alginate 866:873 arg1 molecules 875:883 the alginate molecules 862:883 the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) 862:1141 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 4 46 theme negative 1213:1220 arg1 potential 1227:1235 a negative zeta potential 1211:1235 a negative zeta potential around -27 mV 1211:1249 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 1 47 theme zein-based 134:143 arg1 nanoparticles 145:157 zein-based nanoparticles 134:157 zein-based nanoparticles 134:157 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules has gained great attention in recent years. 30648709 4 48 with morphology 1161:1170 arg1 size 1188:1191 a particle size 1177:1191 a particle size around 208 nm 1177:1205 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 1 49 theme nanoparticles 145:157 arg1 design 124:129 The design 120:129 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules 120:192 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules has gained great attention in recent years. 30648709 3 50 theme organic 794:800 arg1 solvents 802:809 organic solvents 794:809 organic solvents 794:809 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 3 51 theme 0.1 713:715 arg1 M 717:717 M 717:717 M 717:717 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 8 52 theme promising 1684:1692 arg1 clean 1694:1698 a promising clean and scalability strategy 1682:1723 clean 1694:1698 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 5 53 theme encapsulation 1256:1268 arg1 efficiency 1270:1279 The encapsulation efficiency 1252:1279 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) 1252:1284 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 5 53 theme encapsulation 1256:1268 arg1 EE 1282:1283 EE 1282:1283 EE 1282:1283 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 4 54 dep gastrointestinal 1035:1050 arg1 GI 1053:1054 GI 1053:1054 GI 1053:1054 During acidification, the alginate molecules adsorbed on the zein/NaCas surfaces by electrostatic complexation, which improved the stability towards aggregation of zein/NaCas nanoparticles under gastrointestinal (GI) or acidic pH. The nanoparticles prepared under the optimized method (method 3 sample) were of spherical morphology with a particle size around 208 nm and a negative zeta potential around -27 mV. 30648709 2 55 theme nanoparticles 356:368 arg1 production 331:340 the scale-up production 318:340 the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles 318:368 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 2 55 theme nanoparticles 356:368 arg1 concern 380:386 a concern 378:386 a concern 378:386 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30648709 6 56 theme values 1495:1500 arg1 range 1483:1487 a wide range 1476:1487 a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl) 1476:1546 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 8 57 theme scalability 1704:1714 arg1 strategy 1716:1723 a promising clean and scalability strategy 1682:1723 strategy 1716:1723 Our results showed a promising clean and scalability strategy to encapsulate hydrophobic nutraceuticals for applications in foods, supplements, and pharmaceuticals. 30648709 6 58 theme mM 1539:1540 arg1 concentrations 1517:1530 salt concentrations 1512:1530 salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl) 1512:1546 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 6 58 theme mM 1539:1540 arg1 NaCl 1542:1545 0-300 mM NaCl 1533:1545 0-300 mM NaCl 1533:1545 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 3 59 theme alkaline 655:662 arg1 pH 664:665 alkaline pH 655:665 alkaline pH 655:665 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 5 60 theme zein/NaCas/alginate 1358:1376 arg1 nanoparticles 1378:1390 zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles 1358:1390 zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles 1358:1390 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 1 61 theme bioactive 174:182 arg1 molecules 184:192 bioactive molecules 174:192 bioactive molecules 174:192 The design of zein-based nanoparticles to encapsulate bioactive molecules has gained great attention in recent years. 30648709 6 62 theme pH 1492:1493 arg1 values 1495:1500 pH values 1492:1500 pH values (2-8) 1492:1506 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 6 62 theme pH 1492:1493 arg1 2-8 1503:1505 2-8 1503:1505 2-8 1503:1505 These nanoparticles were shown to be stable towards aggregation over a wide range of pH values (2-8) and salt concentrations (0-300 mM NaCl). 30648709 3 63 theme sophisticated 815:827 arg1 equipment 829:837 sophisticated equipment 815:837 sophisticated equipment 815:837 In our study, propolis loaded zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles were fabricated using a facile one-step procedure: a well-blended solution was prepared containing deprotonated propolis, soluble zein, dissociated sodium caseinate micelles (NaCas) and alginate at alkaline pH, and then this alkaline solution was added to 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 3.8) to fabricate composite nanoparticles without using organic solvents and sophisticated equipment. 30648709 0 64 theme improved 81:88 arg1 bioaccessibility 90:105 improved bioaccessibility 81:105 improved bioaccessibility 81:105 One-step assembly of zein/caseinate/alginate nanoparticles for encapsulation and improved bioaccessibility of propolis. 30648709 5 65 theme propolis 1315:1322 arg1 efficiency 1270:1279 The encapsulation efficiency 1252:1279 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) 1252:1284 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 5 65 theme propolis 1315:1322 arg1 capacity 1298:1305 loading capacity 1290:1305 loading capacity (LC) 1290:1310 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 5 65 theme propolis 1315:1322 arg1 LC 1308:1309 LC 1308:1309 LC 1308:1309 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 5 65 theme propolis 1315:1322 arg1 EE 1282:1283 EE 1282:1283 EE 1282:1283 The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of propolis reached 86.5% and 59.6 μg mg-1 by zein/NaCas/alginate nanoparticles, respectively. 30648709 2 66 dep flammability 292:303 arg1 concerns 305:312 concerns 305:312 concerns 305:312 However, the use of ethanol to dissolve zein presents flammability concerns and the scale-up production of zein-based nanoparticles is also a concern. 30538425 12 0 theme higher-order 1937:1948 arg1 structure 1950:1958 higher-order structure 1937:1958 indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure 1900:1958 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 11 1 theme biological 1664:1673 arg1 characterizations 1675:1691 physicochemical and biological characterizations 1644:1691 physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1644:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 6 2 theme coverage 925:932 arg1 analysis 934:941 sequence coverage analysis 916:941 sequence coverage analysis 916:941 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 10 3 theme content 1443:1449 arg1 analysis 1451:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 11 4 theme physicochemical 1644:1658 arg1 characterizations 1675:1691 physicochemical and biological characterizations 1644:1691 physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1644:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 2 5 theme B-cell 276:281 arg1 diseases 303:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 11 6 theme approved 1783:1790 arg1 antibody 1774:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody 1751:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1751:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 6 theme approved 1783:1790 arg1 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 6 7 theme Primary 805:811 arg1 structure 813:821 Primary structure 805:821 Primary structure 805:821 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 6 8 theme mass 892:895 arg1 fingerprinting 897:910 peptide mass fingerprinting 884:910 peptide mass fingerprinting 884:910 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 5 9 theme Cell 658:661 arg1 lines 663:667 Cell lines 658:667 Cell lines used in bioassay 658:684 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 10 10 theme exclusion 1508:1516 arg1 chromatography 1518:1531 size exclusion chromatography 1503:1531 size exclusion chromatography 1503:1531 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 1 11 theme B 185:185 arg1 cells 187:191 B cells 185:191 B cells 185:191 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 5 12 theme Culture 719:725 arg1 Collection 727:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 9 13 theme glycosylation 1305:1317 arg1 point 1296:1300 point 1296:1300 point of glycosylation 1296:1317 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 13 theme glycosylation 1305:1317 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 2 14 theme autoimmune 292:301 arg1 diseases 303:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 9 15 theme released 1320:1327 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 15 theme released 1320:1327 arg1 analysis 1336:1343 released glycan analysis 1320:1343 released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1320:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 12 16 theme characterization 2017:2032 arg1 methods 2034:2040 analytical and extended characterization methods 1993:2040 methods 2034:2040 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 2 17 theme CD20 215:218 arg1 protein 220:226 CD20 protein 215:226 CD20 protein 215:226 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 13 18 from product 2131:2137 arg1 modifications 2161:2173 post-translational modifications 2142:2173 post-translational modifications 2142:2173 The molecule also displayed comparability to reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity. 30538425 13 18 from product 2131:2137 arg1 heterogeneity 2186:2198 charge heterogeneity 2179:2198 charge heterogeneity 2179:2198 The molecule also displayed comparability to reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity. 30538425 13 19 theme post-translational 2142:2159 arg1 modifications 2161:2173 post-translational modifications 2142:2173 post-translational modifications 2142:2173 The molecule also displayed comparability to reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity. 30538425 5 20 theme American 705:712 arg1 Collection 727:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 9 21 theme ultra 1351:1355 arg1 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 21 theme ultra 1351:1355 arg1 chromatography 1376:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1351:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1351:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 0 22 theme antibody 70:77 arg1 study 40:44 Structural and functional comparability study 0:44 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 0:101 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 9 23 theme liquid 1369:1374 arg1 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 23 theme liquid 1369:1374 arg1 chromatography 1376:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1351:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1351:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 7 24 theme ultraviolet-visible 1002:1020 arg1 spectroscopy 1022:1033 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 1002:1033 ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy 1002:1033 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 10 25 theme performance 1556:1566 arg1 chromatography 1575:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 0 26 theme reference 84:92 arg1 product 94:100 reference product 84:100 reference product 84:100 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 3 27 theme monoclonal 360:369 arg1 antibodies 371:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies 350:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases 350:399 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 10 28 theme phase 1545:1549 arg1 chromatography 1575:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 11 29 dep RESULTS 1605:1611 arg1 report 1637:1642 report 1637:1642 report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1637:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 5 30 theme other 746:750 arg1 reagents 752:759 all other reagents 742:759 all other reagents used for analysis 742:777 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 14 31 theme functional 2204:2213 arg1 bioassays 2215:2223 functional bioassays 2204:2223 functional bioassays 2204:2223 In functional bioassays, SB-02 demonstrated comparable potency with respect to reference product. 30538425 0 32 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 study 40:44 Structural and functional comparability study 0:44 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 0:101 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 8 33 theme reference 1116:1124 arg1 product 1126:1132 reference product 1116:1132 reference product 1116:1132 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 7 34 theme order 951:955 arg1 structure 957:965 Higher order structure 944:965 Higher order structure 944:965 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 1 35 theme BACKGROUND 103:112 arg1 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 1 35 theme BACKGROUND 103:112 arg1 protein 127:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 4 36 theme rituximab 573:581 arg1 products 561:568 Reference products 551:568 Reference products of rituximab 551:581 MATERIALS AND METHODS Reference products of rituximab (six batches) were procured and stored as per manufacturer's instructions. 30538425 10 37 theme Product 1399:1405 arg1 analysis 1451:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 10 37 theme Product 1399:1405 arg1 impurities 1415:1424 Product related impurities 1399:1424 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities 1399:1482 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 10 37 theme Product 1399:1405 arg1 impurities 1473:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 0 38 theme functional 15:24 arg1 study 40:44 Structural and functional comparability study 0:44 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 0:101 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 12 39 theme extended 2008:2015 arg1 methods 2034:2040 analytical and extended characterization methods 1993:2040 methods 2034:2040 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 6 40 theme peptide 884:890 arg1 fingerprinting 897:910 peptide mass fingerprinting 884:910 peptide mass fingerprinting 884:910 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 1 41 theme surface 119:125 arg1 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 1 41 theme surface 119:125 arg1 protein 127:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 3 42 theme biosimilar 417:426 arg1 products 428:435 biosimilar products 417:435 biosimilar products 417:435 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 3 43 theme such 458:461 arg1 diseases 463:470 such diseases 458:470 such diseases 458:470 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 12 44 theme methods 2034:2040 arg1 array 1984:1988 the array 1980:1988 the array of analytical and extended characterization methods 1980:2040 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 11 45 theme non-Hodgkin 1813:1823 arg1 lymphoma 1827:1834 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 1813:1834 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 1813:1834 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 3 46 theme rising 504:509 arg1 costs 522:526 rising healthcare costs 504:526 rising healthcare costs 504:526 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 15 47 theme similar 2327:2333 arg1 profile 2343:2349 highly similar quality profile 2320:2349 highly similar quality profile between SB-02 and rituximab 2320:2377 Our results indicate highly similar quality profile between SB-02 and rituximab. 30538425 14 48 theme comparable 2245:2254 arg1 potency 2256:2262 comparable potency 2245:2262 comparable potency 2245:2262 In functional bioassays, SB-02 demonstrated comparable potency with respect to reference product. 30538425 7 49 theme Higher 944:949 arg1 structure 957:965 Higher order structure 944:965 Higher order structure 944:965 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 12 50 theme analytical 1993:2002 arg1 methods 2034:2040 analytical and extended characterization methods 1993:2040 methods 2034:2040 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 6 51 theme mass 845:848 arg1 analysis 850:857 intact mass analysis 838:857 intact mass analysis 838:857 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 11 52 theme chronic 1840:1846 arg1 leukemia 1860:1867 chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1840:1867 chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1840:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 0 53 with study 40:44 arg1 product 94:100 reference product 84:100 reference product 84:100 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 8 54 theme zone 1211:1214 arg1 electrophoresis 1216:1230 capillary zone electrophoresis 1201:1230 capillary zone electrophoresis 1201:1230 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 11 55 theme monoclonal 1753:1762 arg1 antibody 1774:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody 1751:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1751:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 55 theme monoclonal 1753:1762 arg1 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 9 56 theme N-glycan 1262:1269 arg1 mapping 1271:1277 N-glycan mapping 1262:1277 N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1262:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 2 57 theme mediated 283:290 arg1 diseases 303:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases 276:310 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 6 58 theme sequence 916:923 arg1 analysis 934:941 sequence coverage analysis 916:941 sequence coverage analysis 916:941 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 2 59 used used 238:241 arg2 Antibodies 194:203 Antibodies 194:203 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein 194:226 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 8 60 dep focusing 1188:1195 arg1 isoelectric 1176:1186 isoelectric 1176:1186 isoelectric 1176:1186 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 13 61 theme reference 2121:2129 arg1 product 2131:2137 reference product 2121:2137 reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity 2121:2198 The molecule also displayed comparability to reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity. 30538425 5 62 theme Type 714:717 arg1 Collection 727:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 American Type Culture Collection 705:736 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 11 63 theme Sun 1696:1698 arg1 SB-02 1730:1734 SB-02 1730:1734 SB-02 1730:1734 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 63 theme Sun 1696:1698 arg1 biosimilar 1718:1727 Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar 1696:1727 Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1696:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 1 64 theme cells 187:191 arg1 surface 174:180 the surface 170:180 the surface of B cells 170:191 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 9 65 theme glycan 1329:1334 arg1 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 LC-ESI-MS 1285:1293 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 65 theme glycan 1329:1334 arg1 analysis 1336:1343 released glycan analysis 1320:1343 released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1320:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 7 66 theme disulfide 1067:1075 arg1 analysis 1084:1091 disulfide bridge analysis 1067:1091 disulfide bridge analysis 1067:1091 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 10 67 theme size 1503:1506 arg1 chromatography 1518:1531 size exclusion chromatography 1503:1531 size exclusion chromatography 1503:1531 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 7 68 theme bridge 1077:1082 arg1 analysis 1084:1091 disulfide bridge analysis 1067:1091 disulfide bridge analysis 1067:1091 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 2 69 theme B-cell 252:257 arg1 malignancies 259:270 B-cell malignancies 252:270 B-cell malignancies 252:270 Antibodies targeting CD20 protein are being used to treat B-cell malignancies and B-cell mediated autoimmune diseases. 30538425 3 70 with cost 329:332 arg1 antibodies 371:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies 350:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases 350:399 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 9 71 theme performance 1357:1367 arg1 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 UPLC 1392:1395 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 9 71 theme performance 1357:1367 arg1 chromatography 1376:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography 1351:1389 ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) 1351:1396 Glycosylation was studied by N-glycan mapping using LC-ESI-MS, point of glycosylation, released glycan analysis using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). 30538425 7 72 theme fluorescence 1036:1047 arg1 spectroscopy 1049:1060 fluorescence spectroscopy 1036:1060 fluorescence spectroscopy 1036:1060 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 3 73 theme therapy 337:343 arg1 cost 329:332 the cost 325:332 the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases 325:399 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 10 74 theme high 1551:1554 arg1 chromatography 1575:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 8 75 theme Different 1094:1102 arg1 isoforms 1104:1111 Different isoforms 1094:1111 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 1094:1142 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 13 76 theme charge 2179:2184 arg1 heterogeneity 2186:2198 charge heterogeneity 2179:2198 charge heterogeneity 2179:2198 The molecule also displayed comparability to reference product in post-translational modifications and charge heterogeneity. 30538425 10 77 theme reverse 1537:1543 arg1 chromatography 1575:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 12 78 theme statistical 2055:2065 arg1 methods 2067:2073 statistical methods 2055:2073 statistical methods 2055:2073 SB-02 and rituximab exhibited indistinguishable primary as well as higher-order structure upon analyzing with the array of analytical and extended characterization methods according to statistical methods. 30538425 7 79 theme circular 982:989 arg1 dichroism 991:999 circular dichroism 982:999 circular dichroism 982:999 Higher order structure was studied by circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and disulfide bridge analysis. 30538425 3 80 theme innovator 350:358 arg1 antibodies 371:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies 350:380 innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases 350:399 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 8 81 theme product 1126:1132 arg1 isoforms 1104:1111 Different isoforms 1094:1111 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 1094:1142 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 10 82 theme liquid 1568:1573 arg1 chromatography 1575:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography 1537:1588 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 10 83 theme related 1407:1413 arg1 analysis 1451:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 10 83 theme related 1407:1413 arg1 impurities 1415:1424 Product related impurities 1399:1424 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities 1399:1482 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 10 83 theme related 1407:1413 arg1 impurities 1473:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 0 84 theme comparability 26:38 arg1 study 40:44 Structural and functional comparability study 0:44 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 0:101 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 8 85 theme SB-02 1138:1142 arg1 isoforms 1104:1111 Different isoforms 1094:1111 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 1094:1142 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 1 86 theme Cell 114:117 arg1 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 CD20 136:139 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 1 86 theme Cell 114:117 arg1 protein 127:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein 103:133 BACKGROUND Cell surface protein, CD20, is extensively expressed on the surface of B cells. 30538425 14 87 theme reference 2280:2288 arg1 product 2290:2296 reference product 2280:2296 reference product 2280:2296 In functional bioassays, SB-02 demonstrated comparable potency with respect to reference product. 30538425 3 88 theme affordable 481:490 arg1 solution 492:499 affordable solution 481:499 affordable solution to rising healthcare costs 481:526 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 5 89 theme analytical 787:796 arg1 grade 798:802 analytical grade 787:802 analytical grade 787:802 Cell lines used in bioassay were procured from American Type Culture Collection and all other reagents used for analysis were of analytical grade. 30538425 15 90 theme quality 2335:2341 arg1 profile 2343:2349 highly similar quality profile 2320:2349 highly similar quality profile between SB-02 and rituximab 2320:2377 Our results indicate highly similar quality profile between SB-02 and rituximab. 30538425 3 91 theme products 428:435 arg1 development 402:412 development 402:412 development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases 402:470 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 4 92 theme Reference 551:559 arg1 products 561:568 Reference products 551:568 Reference products of rituximab 551:581 MATERIALS AND METHODS Reference products of rituximab (six batches) were procured and stored as per manufacturer's instructions. 30538425 10 93 theme oligomer 1434:1441 arg1 analysis 1451:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 oligomer content analysis 1434:1458 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 3 94 theme diseases 463:470 arg1 treatment 445:453 the treatment 441:453 the treatment of such diseases 441:470 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 0 95 theme monoclonal 59:68 arg1 antibody 70:77 anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody 49:77 anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody 49:77 Structural and functional comparability study of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with reference product. 30538425 4 96 dep MATERIALS 529:537 arg1 products 561:568 Reference products 551:568 Reference products of rituximab 551:581 MATERIALS AND METHODS Reference products of rituximab (six batches) were procured and stored as per manufacturer's instructions. 30538425 6 97 theme peptide 860:866 arg1 fingerprinting 868:881 peptide fingerprinting 860:881 peptide fingerprinting 860:881 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 11 98 theme lymphocytic 1848:1858 arg1 leukemia 1860:1867 chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1840:1867 chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1840:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 99 theme proposed 1709:1716 arg1 SB-02 1730:1734 SB-02 1730:1734 SB-02 1730:1734 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 99 theme proposed 1709:1716 arg1 biosimilar 1718:1727 Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar 1696:1727 Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1696:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 3 100 theme healthcare 511:520 arg1 costs 522:526 rising healthcare costs 504:526 rising healthcare costs 504:526 Considering the cost of therapy with innovator monoclonal antibodies for these diseases, development of biosimilar products for the treatment of such diseases provides affordable solution to rising healthcare costs. 30538425 10 101 theme oxidized 1464:1471 arg1 impurities 1473:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 oxidized impurities 1464:1482 Product related impurities such as oligomer content analysis and oxidized impurities were studied using size exclusion chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. 30538425 8 102 theme capillary 1201:1209 arg1 electrophoresis 1216:1230 capillary zone electrophoresis 1201:1230 capillary zone electrophoresis 1201:1230 Different isoforms of reference product and SB-02 were identified using capillary isoelectric focusing and capillary zone electrophoresis. 30538425 6 103 theme intact 838:843 arg1 analysis 850:857 intact mass analysis 838:857 intact mass analysis 838:857 Primary structure was studied by intact mass analysis, peptide fingerprinting, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence coverage analysis. 30538425 11 104 theme anti-CD20 1764:1772 arg1 antibody 1774:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody 1751:1781 a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1751:1867 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 30538425 11 104 theme anti-CD20 1764:1772 arg1 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 rituximab 1740:1748 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Here, we report physicochemical and biological characterizations of Sun Pharma's proposed biosimilar (SB-02) to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 31320087 2 0 theme tensile 492:498 arg1 strength 500:507 tensile strength 492:507 tensile strength 492:507 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 2 1 theme mechanical 356:365 arg1 performance 367:377 mechanical performance 356:377 mechanical performance of polymeric films 356:396 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 7 2 from applicable 1071:1080 arg1 delivery 1101:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 0 3 theme mechanical 90:99 arg1 properties 101:110 improved mechanical properties 81:110 improved mechanical properties 81:110 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 5 4 from pH 784:785 arg1 manner 774:779 a more controlled manner 756:779 a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films 756:853 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 6 5 theme great 887:891 arg1 activity 907:914 great antibacterial activity 887:914 great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria 887:970 Also, drug loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. 31320087 2 6 dep modulus 480:486 arg1 the 468:470 the 468:470 the 468:470 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 1 7 theme chitosan/gelatin 259:274 arg1 structure 296:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure 259:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing 259:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 7 8 theme CTS/GEL 1031:1037 arg1 films 1049:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 3 9 theme water 567:571 arg1 vapor 573:577 water vapor 567:577 water vapor 567:577 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 7 10 dep loaded 1010:1015 arg1 ciprofloxacin 996:1008 ciprofloxacin 996:1008 ciprofloxacin 996:1008 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 2 11 theme films 522:526 arg1 strength 500:507 tensile strength 492:507 tensile strength 492:507 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 2 11 theme films 522:526 arg1 modulus 480:486 elastic modulus 472:486 elastic modulus 472:486 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 7 12 theme wound 1113:1117 arg1 dressings 1119:1127 wound dressings 1113:1127 wound dressings 1113:1127 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 3 13 theme Oxygen 543:548 arg1 WVTR 598:601 WVTR 598:601 WVTR 598:601 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 3 13 theme Oxygen 543:548 arg1 permeability 550:561 Oxygen permeability 543:561 Oxygen permeability 543:561 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 1 14 theme bone 202:205 arg1 BA 212:213 BA 212:213 BA 212:213 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 14 theme bone 202:205 arg1 ash 207:209 bone ash 202:209 bone ash (BA) 202:214 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 2 15 theme polymeric 512:520 arg1 films 522:526 polymeric films 512:526 polymeric films 512:526 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 6 16 theme loaded 867:872 arg1 films 874:878 drug loaded films 862:878 drug loaded films 862:878 Also, drug loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. 31320087 3 17 dep permeability 550:561 arg1 rate 592:595 transmission rate 579:595 transmission rate 579:595 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 1 18 theme ash 207:209 arg1 incorporation 185:197 incorporation 185:197 incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing 185:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 19 with films 123:127 arg1 performance 154:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 7 20 from delivery 1101:1108 arg1 applicable 1071:1080 applicable 1071:1080 applicable 1071:1080 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 2 21 theme films 392:396 arg1 performance 367:377 mechanical performance 356:377 mechanical performance of polymeric films 356:396 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 2 22 theme polymeric 443:451 arg1 films 453:457 the polymeric films 439:457 the polymeric films 439:457 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 1 23 theme CTS/GEL 277:283 arg1 structure 296:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure 259:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing 259:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 24 theme Polymeric 113:121 arg1 films 123:127 Polymeric films 113:127 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance 113:164 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 2 25 theme polymeric 382:390 arg1 films 392:396 polymeric films 382:396 polymeric films 382:396 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 7 26 theme controlled 1085:1094 arg1 delivery 1101:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 2 27 theme BA 431:432 arg1 encapsulation 414:426 the encapsulation 410:426 the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films 410:457 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 0 28 theme ciprofloxacin 14:26 arg1 Production 0:9 Production 0:9 Production of ciprofloxacin 0:26 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 1 29 theme polymeric 286:294 arg1 structure 296:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure 259:304 chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing 259:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 7 30 theme drug 1096:1099 arg1 delivery 1101:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 controlled drug delivery 1085:1108 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 6 31 dep coli 936:939 arg1 bacteria 963:970 bacteria 963:970 bacteria 963:970 Also, drug loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. 31320087 3 32 theme transmission 579:590 arg1 rate 592:595 transmission rate 579:595 transmission rate 579:595 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 0 33 theme ash 57:59 arg1 dressing 67:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 1 34 theme mechanical 143:152 arg1 performance 154:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 5 35 theme ciprofloxacin 726:738 arg1 release 715:721 The release 711:721 The release of ciprofloxacin 711:738 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 1 36 theme various 219:225 arg1 % 251:251 0-25 v. % 243:251 0-25 v. % 243:251 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 36 theme various 219:225 arg1 concentrations 227:240 various concentrations 219:240 various concentrations (0-25 v. %) 219:252 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 0 37 theme chitosan/gelatin/bone 35:55 arg1 dressing 67:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 2 38 theme elastic 472:478 arg1 modulus 480:486 elastic modulus 472:486 elastic modulus 472:486 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 3 39 theme BA 635:636 arg1 reinforcement 638:650 BA reinforcement 635:650 BA reinforcement 635:650 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 3 40 theme films 607:611 arg1 WVTR 598:601 WVTR 598:601 WVTR 598:601 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 3 40 theme films 607:611 arg1 permeability 550:561 Oxygen permeability 543:561 Oxygen permeability 543:561 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 3 40 theme films 607:611 arg1 vapor 573:577 water vapor 567:577 water vapor 567:577 Oxygen permeability and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of films were also improved by BA reinforcement. 31320087 7 41 theme reinforced 1020:1029 arg1 films 1049:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 5 42 theme polymeric 839:847 arg1 films 849:853 the polymeric films 835:853 the polymeric films 835:853 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 1 43 from concentrations 227:240 arg1 incorporation 185:197 incorporation 185:197 incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing 185:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 44 theme enhanced 134:141 arg1 performance 154:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 enhanced mechanical performance 134:164 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 0 45 theme wound 61:65 arg1 dressing 67:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing 35:74 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 1 46 theme wound 311:315 arg1 healing-dressing 317:332 a wound healing-dressing 309:332 a wound healing-dressing 309:332 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 6 47 theme antibacterial 893:905 arg1 activity 907:914 great antibacterial activity 887:914 great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria 887:970 Also, drug loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. 31320087 7 48 theme loaded 1010:1015 arg1 films 1049:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 2 49 theme test 339:342 arg1 results 344:350 The test results 335:350 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films 335:396 The test results for mechanical performance of polymeric films proved that the encapsulation of BA into the polymeric films enhances the elastic modulus and tensile strength of polymeric films significantly. 31320087 7 50 theme composite 1039:1047 arg1 films 1049:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 7 51 theme BA 1017:1018 arg1 films 1049:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films 996:1053 The results prove that ciprofloxacin loaded BA reinforced CTS/GEL composite films are potentially applicable in controlled drug delivery as wound dressings. 31320087 6 52 dep loaded 867:872 arg1 drug 862:865 drug 862:865 drug 862:865 Also, drug loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. 31320087 0 53 theme improved 81:88 arg1 properties 101:110 improved mechanical properties 81:110 improved mechanical properties 81:110 Production of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan/gelatin/bone ash wound dressing with improved mechanical properties. 31320087 5 54 theme ash 826:828 arg1 incorporation 804:816 the incorporation 800:816 the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films 800:853 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 4 55 theme model 699:703 arg1 drug 705:708 the antibacterial model drug 681:708 the antibacterial model drug 681:708 Ciprofloxacin was chosen as the antibacterial model drug. 31320087 4 55 theme model 699:703 arg1 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin was chosen as the antibacterial model drug. 31320087 1 56 theme v. 248:249 arg1 % 251:251 0-25 v. % 243:251 0-25 v. % 243:251 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 1 56 theme v. 248:249 arg1 concentrations 227:240 various concentrations 219:240 various concentrations (0-25 v. %) 219:252 Polymeric films with enhanced mechanical performance were fabricated by incorporation of bone ash (BA) at various concentrations (0-25 v. %) into chitosan/gelatin (CTS/GEL) polymeric structure as a wound healing-dressing. 31320087 5 57 theme controlled 763:772 arg1 manner 774:779 a more controlled manner 756:779 a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films 756:853 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 5 58 theme bone 821:824 arg1 ash 826:828 bone ash 821:828 bone ash 821:828 The release of ciprofloxacin was provided in a more controlled manner at pH 7.4 owing to the incorporation of bone ash into the polymeric films. 31320087 4 59 theme antibacterial 685:697 arg1 drug 705:708 the antibacterial model drug 681:708 the antibacterial model drug 681:708 Ciprofloxacin was chosen as the antibacterial model drug. 31320087 4 59 theme antibacterial 685:697 arg1 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin 653:665 Ciprofloxacin was chosen as the antibacterial model drug. 29809162 10 0 theme bioprinted 1866:1875 arg1 constructs 1884:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 2 1 theme materials 270:278 arg1 range 261:265 a wide range 254:265 a wide range of materials and bioink composition 254:301 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 4 2 theme experimental 650:661 arg1 evaluation 663:672 experimental evaluation 650:672 experimental evaluation of bioinks printability 650:696 However, experimental evaluation of bioinks printability is time-consuming and must be kept at a minimum, especially when 3D bioprinting with cells that are valuable and costly. 29809162 1 3 theme specific 177:184 arg1 constructs 193:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 4 4 with bioprinting 766:776 arg1 cells 783:787 cells 783:787 cells that are valuable and costly 783:816 However, experimental evaluation of bioinks printability is time-consuming and must be kept at a minimum, especially when 3D bioprinting with cells that are valuable and costly. 29809162 1 5 theme constructs 193:202 arg1 biofabrication 151:164 the biofabrication 147:164 the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs 147:202 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 10 6 from constructs 1884:1893 arg1 viability 1841:1849 the viability 1837:1849 the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1837:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 6 7 theme computational 970:982 arg1 simulation 999:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation 968:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 10 8 theme printing 1763:1770 arg1 process 1772:1778 the printing process 1759:1778 the printing process 1759:1778 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 9 9 theme nozzle 1550:1555 arg1 height 1557:1562 nozzle height 1550:1562 nozzle height 1550:1562 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 2 10 theme bioink 284:289 arg1 composition 291:301 bioink composition 284:301 bioink composition 284:301 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 2 11 theme multiple 219:226 arg1 requirements 228:239 the multiple requirements 215:239 the multiple requirements of a bioink 215:251 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 3 12 theme cells 582:586 arg1 function 609:616 the function 605:616 the function of the printed tissue 605:638 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 3 12 theme cells 582:586 arg1 survival 566:573 the survival 562:573 the survival of the cells 562:586 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 10 13 theme better 1797:1802 arg1 understanding 1804:1816 a better understanding 1795:1816 a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1795:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 8 14 dep time 1409:1412 arg1 the 1405:1407 the 1405:1407 the 1405:1407 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 4 15 theme printability 685:696 arg1 evaluation 663:672 experimental evaluation 650:672 experimental evaluation of bioinks printability 650:696 However, experimental evaluation of bioinks printability is time-consuming and must be kept at a minimum, especially when 3D bioprinting with cells that are valuable and costly. 29809162 0 16 theme nanofibrillar 61:73 arg1 inks 75:78 nanofibrillar inks 61:78 nanofibrillar inks 61:78 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 2 17 theme bioink 246:251 arg1 requirements 228:239 the multiple requirements 215:239 the multiple requirements of a bioink 215:251 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 8 18 theme 3D 1337:1338 arg1 process 1352:1358 the 3D bioprinting process 1333:1358 the 3D bioprinting process 1333:1358 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 7 19 theme rheology 1231:1238 arg1 model 1240:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 5 20 theme based 907:911 arg1 simulations 913:923 computer based simulations 898:923 computer based simulations 898:923 This paper demonstrates how experimental evaluation could be complemented with computer based simulations to evaluate newly developed bioinks. 29809162 8 21 theme process 1352:1358 arg1 tool 1374:1377 a powerful tool 1363:1377 a powerful tool 1363:1377 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 21 theme process 1352:1358 arg1 Simulation 1319:1328 Simulation 1319:1328 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process 1319:1358 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 7 22 theme full 1219:1222 arg1 model 1240:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 6 23 theme dynamics 990:997 arg1 simulation 999:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation 968:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 0 24 theme predicting 31:40 arg1 bioprintability 42:56 predicting bioprintability 31:56 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 0:79 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 1 25 theme 3D 81:82 arg1 bioprinting 84:94 3D bioprinting 81:94 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks 81:123 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 2 26 theme mechanical 368:377 arg1 performance 379:389 mechanical performance 368:389 mechanical performance 368:389 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 7 27 theme evaluated 1198:1206 arg1 bioinks 1208:1214 the evaluated bioinks 1194:1214 the evaluated bioinks 1194:1214 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 3 28 dep printing 503:510 arg1 architecture 525:536 the targeted architecture 512:536 printing the targeted architecture 503:536 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 6 29 theme parameters 1069:1078 arg1 influence 1037:1045 the influence 1033:1045 the influence of different printing parameters 1033:1078 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 0 30 theme 3D 15:16 arg1 bioprinting 18:28 3D bioprinting 15:28 3D bioprinting 15:28 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 1 31 theme containing 106:115 arg1 bioinks 117:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 6 32 theme different 1050:1058 arg1 parameters 1069:1078 different printing parameters 1050:1078 different printing parameters 1050:1078 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 1 33 theme patient 169:175 arg1 constructs 193:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 7 34 theme frequency 1168:1176 arg1 measurements 1178:1189 oscillation frequency measurements 1156:1189 oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks 1156:1214 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 3 35 theme tissue 633:638 arg1 function 609:616 the function 605:616 the function of the printed tissue 605:638 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 3 35 theme tissue 633:638 arg1 survival 566:573 the survival 562:573 the survival of the cells 562:586 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 8 36 dep development 1430:1440 arg1 the 1426:1428 the 1426:1428 the 1426:1428 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 9 37 theme printing 1579:1586 arg1 path 1588:1591 printing path 1579:1591 printing path 1579:1591 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 10 38 theme cells 1854:1858 arg1 viability 1841:1849 the viability 1837:1849 the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1837:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 6 39 theme process 1128:1134 arg1 predictability 1097:1110 the predictability 1093:1110 the predictability of the printing process 1093:1134 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 0 40 dep Simulations 0:10 arg1 bioprintability 42:56 predicting bioprintability 31:56 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 0:79 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 10 41 theme tissue 1877:1882 arg1 constructs 1884:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 10 42 theme 3D 1863:1864 arg1 constructs 1884:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 10 43 from viability 1841:1849 arg1 constructs 1884:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 9 44 theme printing 1625:1632 arg1 fidelity 1634:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 6 45 used used 1019:1022 arg2 tool 1010:1013 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 5 46 theme experimental 847:858 arg1 evaluation 860:869 experimental evaluation 847:869 experimental evaluation 847:869 This paper demonstrates how experimental evaluation could be complemented with computer based simulations to evaluate newly developed bioinks. 29809162 10 47 from cells 1854:1858 arg1 constructs 1884:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 3D bioprinted tissue constructs 1863:1893 The ability to study these features more extensively by simulating the printing process will result in a better understanding of what influences the viability of cells in 3D bioprinted tissue constructs. 29809162 1 48 theme tissue 186:191 arg1 constructs 193:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 patient specific tissue constructs 169:202 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 6 49 theme fluid 984:988 arg1 simulation 999:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation 968:1008 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 9 50 theme viscoelastic 1651:1662 arg1 stresses 1664:1671 the viscoelastic stresses 1647:1671 the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink 1647:1689 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 3 51 from failure 492:498 arg1 printing 503:510 printing the targeted architecture 503:536 printing the targeted architecture 503:536 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 2 52 theme composition 291:301 arg1 range 261:265 a wide range 254:265 a wide range of materials and bioink composition 254:301 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 8 53 from cost 1418:1421 arg1 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 53 from cost 1418:1421 arg1 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 54 from time 1409:1412 arg1 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 54 from time 1409:1412 arg1 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 1 55 with bioprinting 84:94 arg1 bioinks 117:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 9 56 from influence 1608:1616 arg1 fidelity 1634:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 8 57 theme bioinks 1460:1466 arg1 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 evaluation 1446:1455 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 57 theme bioinks 1460:1466 arg1 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 development 1430:1440 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 2 58 theme wide 256:259 arg1 range 261:265 a wide range 254:265 a wide range of materials and bioink composition 254:301 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 1 59 theme great 130:134 arg1 promise 136:142 great promise 130:142 great promise 130:142 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 0 60 theme inks 75:78 arg1 bioprintability 42:56 predicting bioprintability 31:56 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 0:79 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 9 61 from stresses 1664:1671 arg1 fidelity 1634:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 the printing fidelity 1621:1641 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 4 62 theme bioinks 677:683 arg1 printability 685:696 bioinks printability 677:696 bioinks printability 677:696 However, experimental evaluation of bioinks printability is time-consuming and must be kept at a minimum, especially when 3D bioprinting with cells that are valuable and costly. 29809162 7 63 theme stress 1224:1229 arg1 model 1240:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 5 64 theme computer 898:905 arg1 simulations 913:923 computer based simulations 898:923 computer based simulations 898:923 This paper demonstrates how experimental evaluation could be complemented with computer based simulations to evaluate newly developed bioinks. 29809162 6 65 theme simulation 999:1008 arg1 tool 1010:1013 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool 968:1013 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 7 66 from measurements 1178:1189 arg1 data 1146:1149 data 1146:1149 data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks 1146:1214 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 8 67 theme bioprinting 1340:1350 arg1 process 1352:1358 the 3D bioprinting process 1333:1358 the 3D bioprinting process 1333:1358 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 7 68 theme bioinks 1208:1214 arg1 measurements 1178:1189 oscillation frequency measurements 1156:1189 oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks 1156:1214 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 9 69 theme printing 1534:1541 arg1 speed 1543:1547 printing speed 1534:1547 printing speed 1534:1547 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 3 70 theme printability 434:445 arg1 fidelity 460:467 the printability and printing fidelity 430:467 fidelity 460:467 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 5 71 theme developed 943:951 arg1 bioinks 953:959 newly developed bioinks 937:959 newly developed bioinks 937:959 This paper demonstrates how experimental evaluation could be complemented with computer based simulations to evaluate newly developed bioinks. 29809162 8 72 theme powerful 1365:1372 arg1 tool 1374:1377 a powerful tool 1363:1377 a powerful tool 1363:1377 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 8 72 theme powerful 1365:1372 arg1 Simulation 1319:1328 Simulation 1319:1328 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process 1319:1358 Simulation of the 3D bioprinting process is a powerful tool and will help in reducing the time and cost in the development and evaluation of bioinks. 29809162 0 73 theme bioprinting 18:28 arg1 Simulations 0:10 Simulations 0:10 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 0:79 Simulations of 3D bioprinting: predicting bioprintability of nanofibrillar inks. 29809162 1 74 theme cell 101:104 arg1 bioinks 117:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 cell containing bioinks 101:123 3D bioprinting with cell containing bioinks show great promise in the biofabrication of patient specific tissue constructs. 29809162 6 75 theme printing 1060:1067 arg1 parameters 1069:1078 different printing parameters 1050:1078 different printing parameters 1050:1078 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 7 76 theme oscillation 1156:1166 arg1 measurements 1178:1189 oscillation frequency measurements 1156:1189 oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks 1156:1214 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 9 77 theme flow 1565:1568 arg1 rate 1570:1573 flow rate 1565:1573 flow rate 1565:1573 Moreover, it gives the opportunity to isolate parameters such as printing speed, nozzle height, flow rate and printing path to study their influence on the printing fidelity and the viscoelastic stresses within the bioink. 29809162 7 78 theme material 1296:1303 arg1 behaviour 1279:1287 the viscoelastic behaviour 1262:1287 the viscoelastic behaviour of the material 1262:1303 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 3 79 theme printed 625:631 arg1 tissue 633:638 the printed tissue 621:638 the printed tissue 621:638 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 3 80 theme printing 451:458 arg1 fidelity 460:467 the printability and printing fidelity 430:467 fidelity 460:467 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 29809162 7 81 theme viscoelastic 1266:1277 arg1 behaviour 1279:1287 the viscoelastic behaviour 1262:1287 the viscoelastic behaviour of the material 1262:1303 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 7 82 used used 1250:1253 arg2 model 1240:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 a full stress rheology model 1217:1244 Based on data from oscillation frequency measurements of the evaluated bioinks, a full stress rheology model was used, where the viscoelastic behaviour of the material was captured. 29809162 2 83 theme cell 352:355 arg1 viability 357:365 cell viability 352:365 cell viability 352:365 To fulfil the multiple requirements of a bioink, a wide range of materials and bioink composition are being developed and evaluated with regard to cell viability, mechanical performance and printability. 29809162 6 84 theme printing 1119:1126 arg1 process 1128:1134 the printing process 1115:1134 the printing process 1115:1134 Here, a computational fluid dynamics simulation tool was used to study the influence of different printing parameters and evaluate the predictability of the printing process. 29809162 3 85 theme targeted 516:523 arg1 architecture 525:536 the targeted architecture 512:536 printing the targeted architecture 503:536 It is essential that the printability and printing fidelity is not neglected since failure in printing the targeted architecture may be catastrophic for the survival of the cells and consequently the function of the printed tissue. 30710582 2 0 theme solvent 530:536 arg1 treatment 546:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 drug 466:469 drug 466:469 drug 466:469 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 toxicity 471:478 toxicity 471:478 toxicity 471:478 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 reduce 421:426 reduce 421:426 reduce 421:426 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 drug 428:431 drug 428:431 drug 428:431 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 administration 433:446 administration 433:446 administration 433:446 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 time 448:451 time 448:451 time 448:451 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 1 dep improve 490:496 arg1 iii 416:418 iii 416:418 iii 416:418 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 6 2 theme C/CMC/chitosan 1142:1155 arg1 beads 1157:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 1 3 theme diclofenac 267:276 arg1 DS 286:287 DS 286:287 DS 286:287 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 3 theme diclofenac 267:276 arg1 sodium 278:283 diclofenac sodium 267:283 diclofenac sodium (DS) 267:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 7 4 from pH 7.4 1318:1323 arg1 buffer 1308:1313 phosphate buffer 1298:1313 phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1298:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 7 4 from pH 7.4 1318:1323 arg1 index 1289:1293 a higher swelling index 1271:1293 a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1271:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 7 5 theme higher 1273:1278 arg1 index 1289:1293 a higher swelling index 1271:1293 a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1271:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 4 6 theme composite 803:811 arg1 beads 813:817 The composite beads 799:817 The composite beads 799:817 The composite beads were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR spectrometry, and TGA. 30710582 6 7 theme Fe3O4 1136:1140 arg1 beads 1157:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 5 8 from effect 897:902 arg1 process 1005:1011 the swelling process 992:1011 the swelling process of composite beads 992:1030 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 8 from effect 897:902 arg1 behavior 1068:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 8 from effect 897:902 arg1 loading 1036:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 6 9 from efficiency 1122:1131 arg1 beads 1157:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 7 10 from 6.8 1329:1331 arg1 buffer 1308:1313 phosphate buffer 1298:1313 phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1298:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 7 10 from 6.8 1329:1331 arg1 index 1289:1293 a higher swelling index 1271:1293 a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1271:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 3 11 theme @ 634:634 arg1 C 635:635 Fe3O4@C 629:635 Fe3O4@C nanoparticles 629:649 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 1 12 theme C/carboxymethyl 179:193 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 3 13 theme CMC 674:676 arg1 matrix 678:683 CMC matrix 674:683 CMC matrix 674:683 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 6 14 theme DS 1105:1106 arg1 efficiency 1122:1131 DS encapsulation efficiency 1105:1131 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1105:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 15 theme 0.1 1205:1207 arg1 % 1208:1208 % 1208:1208 % 1208:1208 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 5 16 theme controlled 1049:1058 arg1 behavior 1068:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 1 17 theme blood 358:362 arg1 concentration 369:381 blood drug concentration 358:381 blood drug concentration 358:381 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 18 theme composite 220:228 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 5 19 theme DS 1033:1034 arg1 loading 1036:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 20 theme @ 940:940 arg1 C 941:941 Fe3O4@C 935:941 Fe3O4@C 935:941 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 3 21 theme polyelectrolyte 765:779 arg1 PECs 792:795 PECs 792:795 PECs 792:795 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 3 21 theme polyelectrolyte 765:779 arg1 complexes 781:789 core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes 754:789 core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) 754:796 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 5 22 theme release 1060:1066 arg1 behavior 1068:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 23 theme chitosan 980:987 arg1 concentrations 917:930 different concentrations 907:930 different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan 907:987 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 0 24 theme diclofenac 89:98 arg1 delivery 107:114 diclofenac sodium delivery 89:114 diclofenac sodium delivery 89:114 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 1 25 theme Fe3O4 173:177 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 6 26 theme C 1216:1216 arg1 concentrations 1187:1200 concentrations 1187:1200 concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1187:1216 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 2 27 theme polyethylene 559:570 arg1 layer 579:583 a polyethylene glycol layer 557:583 a polyethylene glycol layer 557:583 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 8 28 from release 1452:1458 arg1 tract 1484:1488 the gastrointestinal tract 1463:1488 the gastrointestinal tract 1463:1488 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 6 29 theme Fe3O4 1210:1214 arg1 C 1216:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 8 30 dep in 1401:1402 arg1 vitro 1404:1408 vitro 1404:1408 vitro 1404:1408 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 2 31 theme Fe3O4 602:606 arg1 nanoparticles 608:620 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 602:620 Fe3O4 nanoparticles 602:620 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 5 32 theme CMC 944:946 arg1 concentrations 917:930 different concentrations 907:930 different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan 907:987 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 0 33 theme pH-sensitive 15:26 arg1 C/carboxymethyl 34:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 1 34 dep release 319:325 arg1 maintain 349:356 maintain 349:356 maintain 349:356 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 0 35 theme @ 33:33 arg1 C/carboxymethyl 34:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 5 36 theme concentrations 917:930 arg1 effect 897:902 the effect 893:902 the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior 893:1075 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 8 37 theme composite 1353:1361 arg1 beads 1363:1367 The composite beads 1349:1367 The composite beads 1349:1367 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 1 38 from release 319:325 arg1 area 338:341 gastric area 330:341 gastric area 330:341 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 5 39 theme composite 1016:1024 arg1 beads 1026:1030 composite beads 1016:1030 composite beads 1016:1030 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 1 40 theme drug 314:317 arg1 release 319:325 complete drug release 305:325 complete drug release 305:325 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 5 41 theme Fe3O4 935:939 arg1 C 941:941 Fe3O4@C 935:941 Fe3O4@C 935:941 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 8 42 theme burst 1446:1450 arg1 release 1452:1458 burst release 1446:1458 burst release in the gastrointestinal tract 1446:1488 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 6 43 dep % 1242:1242 arg1 chitosan 1244:1251 chitosan 1244:1251 1% chitosan 1241:1251 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 8 44 theme pH-sensitive 1388:1399 arg1 profiles 1423:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 5 45 theme swelling 996:1003 arg1 process 1005:1011 the swelling process 992:1011 the swelling process of composite beads 992:1030 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 1 46 theme controlled 245:254 arg1 release 256:262 controlled release 245:262 controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 245:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 7 47 theme swelling 1280:1287 arg1 index 1289:1293 a higher swelling index 1271:1293 a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1271:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 1 48 dep maintain 349:356 arg1 ii 345:346 ii 345:346 ii 345:346 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 48 dep maintain 349:356 arg1 systemic 457:464 systemic 457:464 systemic 457:464 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 48 dep maintain 349:356 arg1 iv 486:487 iv 486:487 iv 486:487 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 48 dep maintain 349:356 arg1 improve 490:496 improve 490:496 improve drug efficacy 490:510 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 3 49 theme Fe3O4 629:633 arg1 C 635:635 Fe3O4@C 629:635 Fe3O4@C nanoparticles 629:649 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 8 50 theme gastrointestinal 1467:1482 arg1 tract 1484:1488 the gastrointestinal tract 1463:1488 the gastrointestinal tract 1463:1488 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 2 51 theme one-step 521:528 arg1 treatment 546:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 8 52 theme release 1415:1421 arg1 profiles 1423:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 6 53 theme @ 1141:1141 arg1 beads 1157:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1136:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 1 54 theme sodium 278:283 arg1 release 256:262 controlled release 245:262 controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 245:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 55 theme body 409:412 arg1 part 397:400 a specific part 386:400 a specific part of the body 386:412 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 56 theme @ 178:178 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 3 57 theme C 635:635 arg1 nanoparticles 637:649 Fe3O4@C nanoparticles 629:649 Fe3O4@C nanoparticles 629:649 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 6 58 theme encapsulation 1108:1120 arg1 efficiency 1122:1131 DS encapsulation efficiency 1105:1131 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads 1105:1161 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 1 59 theme cellulose 195:203 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 2 60 theme thermal 538:544 arg1 treatment 546:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 one-step solvent thermal treatment 521:554 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 6 61 theme % 1208:1208 arg1 C 1216:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 1 62 theme CMC 206:208 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 5 63 theme aluminum 949:956 arg1 AlCl3 968:972 AlCl3 968:972 AlCl3 968:972 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 63 theme aluminum 949:956 arg1 chloride 958:965 aluminum chloride 949:965 aluminum chloride (AlCl3) 949:973 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 1 64 theme /chitosan 210:218 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 65 theme complete 305:312 arg1 release 319:325 complete drug release 305:325 complete drug release 305:325 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 3 66 theme chitosan 701:708 arg1 layer 710:714 chitosan layer 701:714 chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) 701:796 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 1 67 theme drug 364:367 arg1 concentration 369:381 blood drug concentration 358:381 blood drug concentration 358:381 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 7 68 from index 1289:1293 arg1 buffer 1308:1313 phosphate buffer 1298:1313 phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1298:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 7 68 from index 1289:1293 arg1 6.8 1329:1331 6.8 1329:1331 6.8 1329:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 7 68 from index 1289:1293 arg1 pH 7.4 1318:1323 pH 7.4 1318:1323 pH 7.4 1318:1323 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 5 69 theme C 941:941 arg1 concentrations 917:930 different concentrations 907:930 different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan 907:987 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 3 70 theme self-assembly 722:734 arg1 technique 736:744 a self-assembly technique 720:744 a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) 720:796 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 1 71 theme specific 388:395 arg1 part 397:400 a specific part 386:400 a specific part of the body 386:412 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 1 72 theme pH- 144:146 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 0 73 theme sodium 100:105 arg1 delivery 107:114 diclofenac sodium delivery 89:114 diclofenac sodium delivery 89:114 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 1 74 theme magnetism-responsive 152:171 arg1 microbeads 230:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads 144:239 pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) 144:288 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 3 75 theme core-shell 754:763 arg1 PECs 792:795 PECs 792:795 PECs 792:795 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 3 75 theme core-shell 754:763 arg1 complexes 781:789 core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes 754:789 core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) 754:796 Then, Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were incorporated into CMC matrix and coated with chitosan layer via a self-assembly technique to form core-shell polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). 30710582 1 76 theme gastric 330:336 arg1 area 338:341 gastric area 330:341 gastric area 330:341 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 4 77 theme FT-IR 851:855 arg1 spectrometry 857:868 FT-IR spectrometry 851:868 FT-IR spectrometry 851:868 The composite beads were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR spectrometry, and TGA. 30710582 1 78 dep prevent 297:303 arg1 i 294:294 i 294:294 i 294:294 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 2 79 theme glycol 572:577 arg1 layer 579:583 a polyethylene glycol layer 557:583 a polyethylene glycol layer 557:583 Through one-step solvent thermal treatment, a polyethylene glycol layer was wrapped into Fe3O4 nanoparticles. 30710582 6 80 theme @ 1215:1215 arg1 C 1216:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1205:1216 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 81 dep % 1220:1220 arg1 CMC 1222:1224 CMC 1222:1224 3% CMC 1219:1224 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 0 82 theme Fe3O4 28:32 arg1 C/carboxymethyl 34:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 15:48 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 6 83 from concentrations 1187:1200 arg1 % 1182:1182 70.8 ± 0.65% 1171:1182 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C 1171:1216 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 83 from concentrations 1187:1200 arg1 % 1220:1220 3% 1219:1220 3% CMC 1219:1224 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 83 from concentrations 1187:1200 arg1 % 1242:1242 1% 1241:1242 1% chitosan 1241:1251 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 83 from concentrations 1187:1200 arg1 % 1228:1228 3% 1227:1228 3% AlCl3 1227:1234 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 6 84 dep % 1228:1228 arg1 AlCl3 1230:1234 AlCl3 1230:1234 3% AlCl3 1227:1234 DS encapsulation efficiency in Fe3O4@C/CMC/chitosan beads reached 70.8 ± 0.65% at concentrations of 0.1% Fe3O4@C, 3% CMC, 3% AlCl3, and 1% chitosan. 30710582 1 85 theme drug 498:501 arg1 efficacy 503:510 drug efficacy 498:510 drug efficacy 498:510 In this study, we prepared pH- and magnetism-responsive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/chitosan composite microbeads for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) to (i) prevent complete drug release in gastric area, (ii) maintain blood drug concentration in a specific part of the body, (iii) reduce drug administration time and systemic drug toxicity, and (iv) improve drug efficacy. 30710582 0 86 theme C/carboxymethyl 34:48 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl 0:48 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 5 87 theme different 907:915 arg1 concentrations 917:930 different concentrations 907:930 different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan 907:987 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 0 88 theme composite 69:77 arg1 beads 79:83 composite beads 69:83 composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery 69:114 Preparation of pH-sensitive Fe3O4@C/carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan composite beads for diclofenac sodium delivery. 30710582 8 89 theme excellent 1378:1386 arg1 profiles 1423:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 5 90 theme chloride 958:965 arg1 concentrations 917:930 different concentrations 907:930 different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan 907:987 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 91 theme beads 1026:1030 arg1 process 1005:1011 the swelling process 992:1011 the swelling process of composite beads 992:1030 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 91 theme beads 1026:1030 arg1 behavior 1068:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 controlled release behavior 1049:1075 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 5 91 theme beads 1026:1030 arg1 loading 1036:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 DS loading 1033:1042 In addition, the effect of different concentrations of Fe3O4@C, CMC, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and chitosan on the swelling process of composite beads, DS loading, and controlled release behavior was systematically studied. 30710582 8 92 theme in 1401:1402 arg1 profiles 1423:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30710582 7 93 theme phosphate 1298:1306 arg1 buffer 1308:1313 phosphate buffer 1298:1313 phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 1298:1331 The beads showed a higher swelling index in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 6.8 than at pH 1.2. 30710582 8 94 theme drug 1410:1413 arg1 profiles 1423:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles 1378:1430 The composite beads revealed excellent pH-sensitive in vitro drug release profiles and prevented burst release in the gastrointestinal tract. 30147300 5 0 theme cyclodextrin 786:797 arg1 amount 763:768 the amount 759:768 the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR 759:831 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 5 0 theme cyclodextrin 786:797 arg1 cyclodextrin 786:797 the required cyclodextrin 773:797 the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR 773:831 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 6 1 theme eye 941:943 arg1 drops 945:949 the eye drops 937:949 the eye drops 937:949 The viscosity, surface tension and mucoadhesion of the eye drops were measured. 30147300 10 2 theme formulations 1389:1400 arg1 stability 1376:1384 The antimicrobial stability 1358:1384 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA 1358:1418 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA meets requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 2 3 theme contact 377:383 arg1 time 385:388 the contact time 373:388 the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea 373:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 2 3 theme contact 377:383 arg1 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 0 4 theme antimicrobial 94:106 arg1 biopolymer 122:131 antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer 94:131 antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer 94:131 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 11 5 theme aqueous 1606:1612 arg1 solutions 1625:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 1 6 theme appropriate 194:204 arg1 effect 218:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 2 7 from enhancement 337:347 arg1 surface 409:415 the surface 405:415 the surface of the cornea 405:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 9 8 theme tensile 1260:1266 arg1 test 1268:1271 the tensile test 1256:1271 the tensile test 1256:1271 According to the results of the tensile test, ZnHA as a mucoadhesive biopolymer improves the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products. 30147300 11 9 theme bioavailability 1650:1664 arg1 attributes 1666:1675 increased bioavailability attributes 1640:1675 increased bioavailability attributes 1640:1675 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 7 10 theme zinc-hyaluronate 1003:1018 arg1 effectiveness 986:998 The microbiological effectiveness 966:998 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) 966:1025 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) was investigated by a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 4 11 theme formulations 669:680 arg1 development 632:642 the development 628:642 the development of innovative ophthalmic formulations 628:680 This approach can be used for the development of innovative ophthalmic formulations. 30147300 3 12 theme mucoadhesive 535:546 arg1 biopolymer 548:557 mucoadhesive biopolymer 535:557 mucoadhesive biopolymer 535:557 In this work, prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops were formulated with antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer and PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. 30147300 1 13 with products 180:187 arg1 effect 218:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 1 13 with products 180:187 arg1 compliance 237:246 patient compliance 229:246 patient compliance 229:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 7 14 theme microbiological 970:984 arg1 effectiveness 986:998 The microbiological effectiveness 966:998 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) 966:1025 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) was investigated by a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 3 15 theme eye 489:491 arg1 drops 493:497 prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops 460:497 prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops 460:497 In this work, prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops were formulated with antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer and PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. 30147300 5 16 theme diffusion 869:877 arg1 study 879:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 9 17 theme ophthalmic 1337:1346 arg1 products 1348:1355 ophthalmic products 1337:1355 ophthalmic products 1337:1355 According to the results of the tensile test, ZnHA as a mucoadhesive biopolymer improves the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products. 30147300 2 18 theme delivery 311:318 arg1 efficiency 286:295 the efficiency 282:295 the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug 282:330 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 1 19 theme therapeutic 206:216 arg1 effect 218:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 appropriate therapeutic effect 194:223 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 8 20 theme different 1193:1201 arg1 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 8 20 theme different 1193:1201 arg1 amounts 1203:1209 different amounts 1193:1209 different amounts of cyclodextrin 1193:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 9 21 theme products 1348:1355 arg1 mucoadhesion 1321:1332 the mucoadhesion 1317:1332 the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products 1317:1355 According to the results of the tensile test, ZnHA as a mucoadhesive biopolymer improves the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products. 30147300 8 22 with products 1179:1186 arg1 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 8 22 with products 1179:1186 arg1 amounts 1203:1209 different amounts 1193:1209 different amounts of cyclodextrin 1193:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 11 23 theme increased 1640:1648 arg1 attributes 1666:1675 increased bioavailability attributes 1640:1675 increased bioavailability attributes 1640:1675 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 2 24 theme ocular 304:309 arg1 delivery 311:318 the ocular delivery 300:318 the ocular delivery of the drug 300:330 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 4 25 theme ophthalmic 658:667 arg1 formulations 669:680 innovative ophthalmic formulations 647:680 innovative ophthalmic formulations 647:680 This approach can be used for the development of innovative ophthalmic formulations. 30147300 5 26 theme PR 830:831 arg1 penetration 815:825 the highest penetration 803:825 the highest penetration of PR 803:831 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 6 27 theme surface 901:907 arg1 tension 909:915 surface tension 901:915 surface tension 901:915 The viscosity, surface tension and mucoadhesion of the eye drops were measured. 30147300 10 28 theme Pharmacopoeia 1456:1468 arg1 B 1438:1438 requirement B 1426:1438 requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia 1426:1468 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA meets requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 3 29 theme PR-cyclodextrin 563:577 arg1 complex 589:595 PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex 563:595 PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex 563:595 In this work, prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops were formulated with antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer and PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. 30147300 8 30 theme significant 1121:1131 arg1 difference 1133:1142 no significant difference 1118:1142 no significant difference of surface tension 1118:1161 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 2 31 theme drug 397:400 arg1 time 385:388 the contact time 373:388 the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea 373:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 2 31 theme drug 397:400 arg1 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 2 31 theme drug 397:400 arg1 enhancement 337:347 the enhancement 333:347 the enhancement of water solubility 333:367 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 5 32 dep MATERIALS 683:691 arg1 determined 837:846 determined 837:846 was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study 833:883 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 8 33 dep RESULTS 1096:1102 arg1 measured 1167:1174 measured 1167:1174 was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin 1163:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 10 34 theme European 1447:1454 arg1 Pharmacopoeia 1456:1468 the European Pharmacopoeia 1443:1468 the European Pharmacopoeia 1443:1468 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA meets requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 0 35 dep antimicrobial 94:106 arg1 mucoadhesive 109:120 mucoadhesive 109:120 mucoadhesive 109:120 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 1 36 theme patient 229:235 arg1 compliance 237:246 patient compliance 229:246 patient compliance 229:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 0 37 theme eye 39:41 arg1 formulations 48:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 11 38 dep mucoadhesive 1573:1584 arg1 preserved 1596:1604 preserved 1596:1604 preserved 1596:1604 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 4 39 used used 619:622 arg2 approach 603:610 This approach 598:610 This approach 598:610 This approach can be used for the development of innovative ophthalmic formulations. 30147300 2 40 from time 385:388 arg1 surface 409:415 the surface 405:415 the surface of the cornea 405:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 11 41 theme innovative 1508:1517 arg1 suitable 1550:1557 suitable 1550:1557 suitable 1550:1557 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 11 41 theme innovative 1508:1517 arg1 compositions 1533:1544 the innovative PR-containing compositions 1504:1544 the innovative PR-containing compositions 1504:1544 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 2 42 theme cornea 424:429 arg1 surface 409:415 the surface 405:415 the surface of the cornea 405:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 0 43 theme prednisolone-containing 15:37 arg1 formulations 48:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 7 44 theme Pharmacopoeia 1081:1093 arg1 method 1058:1063 a standard method 1047:1063 a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia 1047:1093 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) was investigated by a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 5 45 theme optimal 725:731 arg1 parameters 747:756 the optimal physiological parameters 721:756 the optimal physiological parameters 721:756 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 2 46 theme drug 327:330 arg1 delivery 311:318 the ocular delivery 300:318 the ocular delivery of the drug 300:330 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 5 47 theme membrane 860:867 arg1 study 879:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 0 48 theme formulations 48:59 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 0:132 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 3 49 theme -containing 477:487 arg1 drops 493:497 prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops 460:497 prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops 460:497 In this work, prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops were formulated with antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer and PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. 30147300 5 50 theme physiological 733:745 arg1 parameters 747:756 the optimal physiological parameters 721:756 the optimal physiological parameters 721:756 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 4 51 theme innovative 647:656 arg1 formulations 669:680 innovative ophthalmic formulations 647:680 innovative ophthalmic formulations 647:680 This approach can be used for the development of innovative ophthalmic formulations. 30147300 3 52 theme inclusion 579:587 arg1 complex 589:595 PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex 563:595 PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex 563:595 In this work, prednisolone (PR)-containing eye drops were formulated with antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer and PR-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. 30147300 0 53 theme drop 43:46 arg1 formulations 48:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations 15:59 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 10 54 theme requirement 1426:1436 arg1 B 1438:1438 requirement B 1426:1438 requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia 1426:1468 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA meets requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 5 55 theme highest 807:813 arg1 penetration 815:825 the highest penetration 803:825 the highest penetration of PR 803:831 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 9 56 theme test 1268:1271 arg1 results 1245:1251 the results 1241:1251 the results of the tensile test 1241:1271 According to the results of the tensile test, ZnHA as a mucoadhesive biopolymer improves the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products. 30147300 11 57 dep CONCLUSION 1471:1480 arg1 stated 1492:1497 stated 1492:1497 can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes 1485:1675 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 1 58 theme major 253:257 arg1 challenge 259:267 a major challenge 251:267 a major challenge 251:267 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 1 58 theme major 253:257 arg1 PURPOSE 134:140 PURPOSE 134:140 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance 134:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 0 59 theme cyclodextrin 64:75 arg1 complexation 77:88 cyclodextrin complexation 64:88 cyclodextrin complexation 64:88 Development of prednisolone-containing eye drop formulations by cyclodextrin complexation and antimicrobial, mucoadhesive biopolymer. 30147300 8 60 theme tension 1155:1161 arg1 difference 1133:1142 no significant difference 1118:1142 no significant difference of surface tension 1118:1161 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 7 61 theme standard 1049:1056 arg1 method 1058:1063 a standard method 1047:1063 a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia 1047:1093 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) was investigated by a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 7 62 theme European 1072:1079 arg1 Pharmacopoeia 1081:1093 the European Pharmacopoeia 1068:1093 the European Pharmacopoeia 1068:1093 The microbiological effectiveness of zinc-hyaluronate (ZnHA) was investigated by a standard method of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 1 63 theme products 180:187 arg1 formulation 146:156 The formulation 142:156 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance 134:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 10 64 theme antimicrobial 1362:1374 arg1 stability 1376:1384 The antimicrobial stability 1358:1384 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA 1358:1418 The antimicrobial stability of formulations preserved by ZnHA meets requirement B of the European Pharmacopoeia. 30147300 2 65 theme solubility 358:367 arg1 time 385:388 the contact time 373:388 the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea 373:429 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 2 65 theme solubility 358:367 arg1 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 necessary 435:443 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 2 65 theme solubility 358:367 arg1 enhancement 337:347 the enhancement 333:347 the enhancement of water solubility 333:367 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 8 66 theme cyclodextrin 1214:1225 arg1 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 cyclodextrin 1214:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 8 66 theme cyclodextrin 1214:1225 arg1 amounts 1203:1209 different amounts 1193:1209 different amounts of cyclodextrin 1193:1225 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 8 67 theme surface 1147:1153 arg1 tension 1155:1161 surface tension 1147:1161 surface tension 1147:1161 RESULTS In this case, no significant difference of surface tension was measured in products with different amounts of cyclodextrin. 30147300 11 68 theme ophthalmic 1614:1623 arg1 solutions 1625:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 2 69 theme water 352:356 arg1 solubility 358:367 water solubility 352:367 water solubility 352:367 To increase the efficiency of the ocular delivery of the drug, the enhancement of water solubility and the contact time of the drug on the surface of the cornea are necessary. 30147300 1 70 theme topical 161:167 arg1 products 180:187 topical ophthalmic products 161:187 topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance 161:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 11 71 theme PR-containing 1519:1531 arg1 suitable 1550:1557 suitable 1550:1557 suitable 1550:1557 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 11 71 theme PR-containing 1519:1531 arg1 compositions 1533:1544 the innovative PR-containing compositions 1504:1544 the innovative PR-containing compositions 1504:1544 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 30147300 9 72 theme mucoadhesive 1284:1295 arg1 biopolymer 1297:1306 a mucoadhesive biopolymer 1282:1306 a mucoadhesive biopolymer 1282:1306 According to the results of the tensile test, ZnHA as a mucoadhesive biopolymer improves the mucoadhesion of ophthalmic products. 30147300 5 73 theme dialysis 851:858 arg1 study 879:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 dialysis membrane diffusion study 851:883 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 1 74 theme ophthalmic 169:178 arg1 products 180:187 topical ophthalmic products 161:187 topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance 161:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 5 75 theme required 777:784 arg1 cyclodextrin 786:797 the required cyclodextrin 773:797 the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR 773:831 MATERIALS AND METHODS After adjusting the optimal physiological parameters, the amount of the required cyclodextrin for the highest penetration of PR was determined by dialysis membrane diffusion study. 30147300 6 76 theme drops 945:949 arg1 mucoadhesion 921:932 mucoadhesion 921:932 mucoadhesion 921:932 The viscosity, surface tension and mucoadhesion of the eye drops were measured. 30147300 6 76 theme drops 945:949 arg1 viscosity 890:898 The viscosity 886:898 The viscosity 886:898 The viscosity, surface tension and mucoadhesion of the eye drops were measured. 30147300 6 76 theme drops 945:949 arg1 tension 909:915 surface tension 901:915 surface tension 901:915 The viscosity, surface tension and mucoadhesion of the eye drops were measured. 30147300 1 77 dep PURPOSE 134:140 arg1 formulation 146:156 The formulation 142:156 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance 134:246 PURPOSE The formulation of topical ophthalmic products with appropriate therapeutic effect and patient compliance is a major challenge. 30147300 11 78 theme mucoadhesive 1573:1584 arg1 solutions 1625:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions 1573:1633 CONCLUSION It can be stated that the innovative PR-containing compositions are suitable for producing mucoadhesive, properly preserved aqueous ophthalmic solutions with increased bioavailability attributes. 29679671 6 0 from embedded 1004:1011 arg1 matrix 1025:1030 the bead matrix 1016:1030 the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug 1016:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 5 1 theme drug 839:842 arg1 efficiency 855:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 8 2 theme drug 1361:1364 arg1 reservoirs 1366:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 2 theme drug 1361:1364 arg1 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 5 3 theme entrapment 844:853 arg1 efficiency 855:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 8 4 from reservoirs 1366:1375 arg1 tablets 1380:1386 tablets 1380:1386 tablets for oral candidiasis 1380:1407 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 5 theme anticandidal-loaded 1288:1306 arg1 systems 1349:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 5 theme anticandidal-loaded 1288:1306 arg1 reservoirs 1366:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 5 theme anticandidal-loaded 1288:1306 arg1 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 6 theme SC-CA 1308:1312 arg1 systems 1349:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 6 theme SC-CA 1308:1312 arg1 reservoirs 1366:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 6 theme SC-CA 1308:1312 arg1 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 6 7 theme drug 1072:1075 arg1 solubility 1053:1062 the low water solubility 1039:1062 the low water solubility of this drug 1039:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 5 8 dep higher 832:837 arg1 efficiency 855:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 drug entrapment efficiency 839:864 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 7 9 theme SC 1087:1088 arg1 micellization 1090:1102 SC micellization 1087:1102 SC micellization 1087:1102 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29679671 5 10 theme slower 903:908 arg1 release 915:921 slower drug release 903:921 slower drug release 903:921 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 5 11 theme water 873:877 arg1 uptake 879:884 lower water uptake 867:884 lower water uptake 867:884 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 8 12 from systems 1349:1355 arg1 tablets 1380:1386 tablets 1380:1386 tablets for oral candidiasis 1380:1407 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 6 13 theme due 1032:1034 arg1 matrix 1025:1030 the bead matrix 1016:1030 the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug 1016:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 5 14 theme drug 910:913 arg1 release 915:921 slower drug release 903:921 slower drug release 903:921 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 2 15 theme calcium 392:398 arg1 beads 414:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads 392:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ) 392:491 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 6 16 theme CZ 987:988 arg1 crystals 990:997 CZ crystals 987:997 CZ crystals 987:997 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 0 17 theme anticandidals 117:129 arg1 delivery 105:112 the delivery 101:112 the delivery of anticandidals 101:129 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 6 18 theme bead 1020:1023 arg1 matrix 1025:1030 the bead matrix 1016:1030 the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug 1016:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 8 19 theme delivery 1340:1347 arg1 systems 1349:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 19 theme delivery 1340:1347 arg1 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 1 20 theme drugs 210:214 arg1 delivery 198:205 the delivery 194:205 the delivery of drugs 194:214 Polysaccharide-protein composites offer potential utility for the delivery of drugs. 29679671 8 21 used used 1327:1330 arg2 reservoirs 1366:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 drug reservoirs 1361:1375 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 21 used used 1327:1330 arg2 systems 1349:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 21 used used 1327:1330 arg2 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 0 22 theme beads 91:95 arg1 characterization 58:73 characterization 58:73 characterization 58:73 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 0 22 theme beads 91:95 arg1 interactions 41:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 6 23 theme water 1047:1051 arg1 solubility 1053:1062 the low water solubility 1039:1062 the low water solubility of this drug 1039:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 7 24 theme CZ 1155:1156 arg1 efficacy 1143:1150 efficacy 1143:1150 efficacy 1143:1150 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29679671 7 24 theme CZ 1155:1156 arg1 solubility 1128:1137 water solubility 1122:1137 water solubility 1122:1137 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29679671 4 25 theme carboxyl 635:642 arg1 groups 656:661 the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups 631:661 groups 656:661 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 25 theme carboxyl 635:642 arg1 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 25 theme carboxyl 635:642 arg1 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 0 26 theme Alginate-caseinate 0:17 arg1 composites 19:28 Alginate-caseinate composites 0:28 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 0:130 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 4 27 theme calcium 784:790 arg1 cross-linking 792:804 calcium cross-linking 784:804 calcium cross-linking 784:804 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 6 28 theme low 1043:1045 arg1 solubility 1053:1062 the low water solubility 1039:1062 the low water solubility of this drug 1039:1075 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 0 29 theme Molecular 31:39 arg1 interactions 41:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 2 30 theme sodium 325:330 arg1 SC 343:344 SC 343:344 SC 343:344 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 2 30 theme sodium 325:330 arg1 caseinate 332:340 sodium caseinate 325:340 sodium caseinate (SC) 325:345 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 6 31 theme amorphous 967:975 arg1 FZ 957:958 The loaded FZ 946:958 The loaded FZ 946:958 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 6 31 theme amorphous 967:975 arg1 form 977:980 an amorphous form 964:980 an amorphous form 964:980 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 7 32 dep solubility 1128:1137 arg1 the 1118:1120 the 1118:1120 the 1118:1120 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29679671 8 33 theme oral 1392:1395 arg1 candidiasis 1397:1407 oral candidiasis 1392:1407 oral candidiasis 1392:1407 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 4 34 theme SC 693:694 arg1 groups 656:661 the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups 631:661 groups 656:661 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 34 theme SC 693:694 arg1 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 34 theme SC 693:694 arg1 groups 683:688 the amide groups 673:688 the amide groups of SC 673:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 34 theme SC 693:694 arg1 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 5 35 theme CA 936:937 arg1 beads 939:943 the CA beads 932:943 the CA beads 932:943 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 4 36 theme Hydrogen 606:613 arg1 bonding 615:621 Hydrogen bonding 606:621 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC 606:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 2 37 theme fluconazole 454:464 arg1 delivery 442:449 the delivery 438:449 the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ) 438:491 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 5 38 theme SC-CA 811:815 arg1 beads 817:821 The SC-CA beads 807:821 The SC-CA beads 807:821 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 8 39 theme drug 1335:1338 arg1 systems 1349:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 drug delivery systems 1335:1355 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 8 39 theme drug 1335:1338 arg1 beads 1314:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads 1284:1318 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 2 40 theme CA 410:411 arg1 beads 414:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads 392:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ) 392:491 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 8 41 theme hydrogen 1240:1247 arg1 bonding 1249:1255 hydrogen bonding 1240:1255 hydrogen bonding 1240:1255 This finding indicates that SA can interact with SC via hydrogen bonding to form complexes and that the anticandidal-loaded SC-CA beads can be used as drug delivery systems and drug reservoirs in tablets for oral candidiasis. 29679671 1 42 theme Polysaccharide-protein 132:153 arg1 composites 155:164 Polysaccharide-protein composites 132:164 Polysaccharide-protein composites 132:164 Polysaccharide-protein composites offer potential utility for the delivery of drugs. 29679671 2 43 theme work 240:243 arg1 objectives 221:230 The objectives 217:230 The objectives of this work 217:243 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 4 44 theme CA 763:764 arg1 beads 766:770 the CA beads 759:770 the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking 759:804 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 45 theme SA 666:667 arg1 groups 656:661 the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups 631:661 groups 656:661 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 45 theme SA 666:667 arg1 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 45 theme SA 666:667 arg1 groups 683:688 the amide groups 673:688 the amide groups of SC 673:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 45 theme SA 666:667 arg1 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 2 46 theme molecular 269:277 arg1 interactions 279:290 the molecular interactions 265:290 the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) 265:345 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 4 47 theme complexes 728:736 arg1 formation 707:715 the formation 703:715 the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking 703:804 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 2 48 theme sodium 300:305 arg1 SA 317:318 SA 317:318 SA 317:318 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 2 48 theme sodium 300:305 arg1 alginate 307:314 sodium alginate 300:314 sodium alginate (SA) 300:319 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 0 49 link cross-linked 78:89 arg1 beads 91:95 cross-linked beads 78:95 cross-linked beads 78:95 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 4 50 theme amide 677:681 arg1 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 50 theme amide 677:681 arg1 groups 683:688 the amide groups 673:688 the amide groups of SC 673:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 50 theme amide 677:681 arg1 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 6 51 theme loaded 950:955 arg1 FZ 957:958 The loaded FZ 946:958 The loaded FZ 946:958 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 6 51 theme loaded 950:955 arg1 form 977:980 an amorphous form 964:980 an amorphous form 964:980 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 6 52 from matrix 1025:1030 arg1 embedded 1004:1011 embedded 1004:1011 embedded 1004:1011 The loaded FZ was an amorphous form, but CZ crystals were embedded in the bead matrix due to the low water solubility of this drug. 29679671 7 53 theme Candida 1166:1172 arg1 albicans 1174:1181 Candida albicans 1166:1181 Candida albicans 1166:1181 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29679671 4 54 theme soluble 720:726 arg1 complexes 728:736 soluble complexes 720:736 soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking 720:804 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 1 55 theme potential 172:180 arg1 utility 182:188 potential utility 172:188 potential utility for the delivery of drugs 172:214 Polysaccharide-protein composites offer potential utility for the delivery of drugs. 29679671 5 56 theme lower 867:871 arg1 uptake 879:884 lower water uptake 867:884 lower water uptake 867:884 The SC-CA beads provided higher drug entrapment efficiency, lower water uptake and erosion, and slower drug release than for the CA beads. 29679671 2 57 theme clotrimazole 475:486 arg1 delivery 442:449 the delivery 438:449 the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ) 438:491 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 0 58 dep composites 19:28 arg1 characterization 58:73 characterization 58:73 characterization 58:73 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 0 58 dep composites 19:28 arg1 interactions 41:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Molecular interactions 31:52 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 4 59 theme hydroxyl 647:654 arg1 groups 656:661 the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups 631:661 groups 656:661 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 59 theme hydroxyl 647:654 arg1 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 SC 693:694 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 4 59 theme hydroxyl 647:654 arg1 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 SA 666:667 Hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups of SA and the amide groups of SC led to the formation of soluble complexes that could reinforce the CA beads prepared by calcium cross-linking. 29679671 2 60 theme alginate 400:407 arg1 beads 414:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads 392:418 calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ) 392:491 The objectives of this work were to investigate the molecular interactions between sodium alginate (SA) and sodium caseinate (SC) in dispersions and films and to characterize calcium alginate (CA) beads mixed with SC for the delivery of fluconazole (FZ) and clotrimazole (CZ). 29679671 0 61 theme cross-linked 78:89 arg1 beads 91:95 cross-linked beads 78:95 cross-linked beads 78:95 Alginate-caseinate composites: Molecular interactions and characterization of cross-linked beads for the delivery of anticandidals. 29679671 3 62 theme viscosity 566:574 arg1 synergism 576:584 a viscosity synergism 564:584 a viscosity synergism 564:584 The results demonstrated that SA could interact with SC, which caused a viscosity synergism in the dispersions. 29679671 7 63 theme water 1122:1126 arg1 solubility 1128:1137 water solubility 1122:1137 water solubility 1122:1137 However, SC micellization could enhance the water solubility and efficacy of CZ against Candida albicans. 29614412 7 0 theme adsorbent 1083:1091 arg1 FCAS 961:964 FCAS 961:964 FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability 961:1060 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 7 0 theme adsorbent 1083:1091 arg1 potential 1073:1081 a potential adsorbent 1071:1091 a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment 1071:1116 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 7 1 theme high 990:993 arg1 performance 995:1005 high performance 990:1005 high performance of adsorption rate and capacity 990:1037 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 3 2 dep concentration 532:544 arg1 VI 528:529 VI 528:529 VI 528:529 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 1 3 theme hybrid 119:124 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 3 theme hybrid 119:124 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 7 4 theme performance 995:1005 arg1 characteristics 971:985 characteristics 971:985 characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity 971:1037 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 7 4 theme performance 995:1005 arg1 reusability 1050:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 1 5 theme functionalized 126:139 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 5 theme functionalized 126:139 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 7 6 theme capacity 1030:1037 arg1 performance 995:1005 high performance 990:1005 high performance of adsorption rate and capacity 990:1037 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 3 7 theme adsorbent 485:493 arg1 pH 496:497 pH 496:497 pH 496:497 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 4 8 theme wide 593:596 arg1 condition 605:613 a wide acidic condition 591:613 a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 591:636 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 4 8 theme wide 593:596 arg1 conducive 642:650 conducive 642:650 conducive 642:650 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 4 9 theme pH 622:623 arg1 range 625:629 the pH range 618:629 the pH range of 2-6 618:636 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 4 10 theme Cr 655:656 arg1 adsorption 662:671 Cr(VI) adsorption 655:671 Cr(VI) adsorption 655:671 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 1 11 theme chitosan-Al2O3 141:154 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 11 theme chitosan-Al2O3 141:154 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 7 12 theme adsorption 1010:1019 arg1 rate 1021:1024 adsorption rate 1010:1024 adsorption rate 1010:1024 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 5 13 theme adsorption 743:752 arg1 kinetics 795:802 kinetics 795:802 kinetics 795:802 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 13 theme adsorption 743:752 arg1 isotherms 824:832 isotherms 824:832 isotherms 824:832 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 13 theme adsorption 743:752 arg1 thermodynamics 805:818 thermodynamics 805:818 thermodynamics 805:818 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 13 theme adsorption 743:752 arg1 properties 754:763 the adsorption properties 739:763 the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms 739:832 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 7 14 theme rate 1021:1024 arg1 performance 995:1005 high performance 990:1005 high performance of adsorption rate and capacity 990:1037 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 0 15 dep adsorption 72:81 arg1 VI 68:69 VI 68:69 VI 68:69 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 1 16 theme @ 155:155 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 16 theme @ 155:155 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 7 17 theme better 1043:1048 arg1 reusability 1050:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 1 18 theme SiO2 156:159 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 18 theme SiO2 156:159 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 3 19 theme pH 496:497 arg1 dosage 475:480 dosage 475:480 dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration 475:544 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 0 20 theme @ 36:36 arg1 composite 42:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 1 21 theme aqueous 225:231 arg1 system 233:238 aqueous system 225:238 aqueous system 225:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 4 22 theme 2-6 634:636 arg1 range 625:629 the pH range 618:629 the pH range of 2-6 618:636 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 2 23 dep Fourier 268:274 arg1 transform 276:284 transform 276:284 transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) 276:433 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 24 theme scanning 357:364 arg1 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 24 theme scanning 357:364 arg1 microscope 375:384 field emission scanning electron microscope 342:384 field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) 342:392 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 0 25 theme chitosan-Al2O3 22:35 arg1 composite 42:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 2 26 theme Spectroscopic 241:253 arg1 studies 255:261 Spectroscopic studies 241:261 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) 241:433 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 27 theme emission 348:355 arg1 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 27 theme emission 348:355 arg1 microscope 375:384 field emission scanning electron microscope 342:384 field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) 342:392 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 28 theme dispersive 405:414 arg1 EDS 430:432 EDS 430:432 EDS 430:432 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 28 theme dispersive 405:414 arg1 spectroscope 416:427 energy dispersive spectroscope 398:427 energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) 398:433 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 1 29 dep [Cr 211:213 arg1 VI 215:216 VI 215:216 VI 215:216 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 3 30 theme time 508:511 arg1 dosage 475:480 dosage 475:480 dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration 475:544 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 2 31 theme field 342:346 arg1 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 31 theme field 342:346 arg1 microscope 375:384 field emission scanning electron microscope 342:384 field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) 342:392 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 0 32 theme SiO2 37:40 arg1 composite 42:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 22:50 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 2 33 theme energy 398:403 arg1 EDS 430:432 EDS 430:432 EDS 430:432 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 33 theme energy 398:403 arg1 spectroscope 416:427 energy dispersive spectroscope 398:427 energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) 398:433 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 1 34 attach removing 182:189 arg1 system 233:238 aqueous system 225:238 aqueous system 225:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 34 attach removing 182:189 arg2 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 34 attach removing 182:189 arg2 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 0 35 theme enhanced 56:63 arg1 adsorption 72:81 enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption 56:81 enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption 56:81 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 3 36 theme concentration 532:544 arg1 dosage 475:480 dosage 475:480 dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration 475:544 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 2 37 theme FT-IR 296:300 arg1 spectroscopy 303:314 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 286:314 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 286:314 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 4 38 dep adsorption 662:671 arg1 VI 658:659 VI 658:659 VI 658:659 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 3 39 theme contact 500:506 arg1 time 508:511 contact time 500:511 contact time 500:511 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 4 40 theme acidic 598:603 arg1 condition 605:613 a wide acidic condition 591:613 a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 591:636 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 4 40 theme acidic 598:603 arg1 conducive 642:650 conducive 642:650 conducive 642:650 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 4 41 dep adsorption 721:730 arg1 % 719:719 % 719:719 % 719:719 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 3 42 theme Cr 525:526 arg1 concentration 532:544 initial Cr(VI) concentration 517:544 initial Cr(VI) concentration 517:544 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 7 43 with FCAS 961:964 arg1 characteristics 971:985 characteristics 971:985 characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity 971:1037 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 7 43 with FCAS 961:964 arg1 reusability 1050:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 better reusability 1043:1060 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 6 44 theme adsorption 882:891 arg1 capacity 893:900 the adsorption capacity 878:900 the adsorption capacity 878:900 Additionally, the adsorption capacity barely declined even after five cycles. 29614412 2 45 theme infrared 286:293 arg1 spectroscopy 303:314 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 286:314 infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 286:314 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 5 46 theme adsorbent 777:785 arg1 kinetics 795:802 kinetics 795:802 kinetics 795:802 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 46 theme adsorbent 777:785 arg1 isotherms 824:832 isotherms 824:832 isotherms 824:832 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 46 theme adsorbent 777:785 arg1 thermodynamics 805:818 thermodynamics 805:818 thermodynamics 805:818 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 5 46 theme adsorbent 777:785 arg1 properties 754:763 the adsorption properties 739:763 the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms 739:832 Also, the adsorption properties of prepared adsorbent such as kinetics, thermodynamics and isotherms were comprehensively studied. 29614412 4 47 from condition 605:613 arg1 range 625:629 the pH range 618:629 the pH range of 2-6 618:636 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 1 48 theme hexavalent 191:200 arg1 [Cr 211:213 hexavalent chromium [Cr 191:213 hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] 191:218 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 7 49 theme wastewater 1097:1106 arg1 treatment 1108:1116 wastewater treatment 1097:1116 wastewater treatment 1097:1116 Studies found that FCAS with characteristics of high performance of adsorption rate and capacity and better reusability would be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 29614412 3 50 theme initial 517:523 arg1 concentration 532:544 initial Cr(VI) concentration 517:544 initial Cr(VI) concentration 517:544 The effects such as dosage of adsorbent, pH, contact time and initial Cr(VI) concentration were evaluated. 29614412 2 51 theme X-ray 317:321 arg1 XRD 336:338 XRD 336:338 XRD 336:338 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 51 theme X-ray 317:321 arg1 diffraction 323:333 X-ray diffraction 317:333 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 317:339 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 1 52 theme chromium 202:209 arg1 [Cr 211:213 hexavalent chromium [Cr 191:213 hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] 191:218 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 0 53 theme Cr 65:66 arg1 adsorption 72:81 enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption 56:81 enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption 56:81 Hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption. 29614412 2 54 theme electron 366:373 arg1 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 FESEM 387:391 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 2 54 theme electron 366:373 arg1 microscope 375:384 field emission scanning electron microscope 342:384 field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) 342:392 Spectroscopic studies like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) were characterized. 29614412 4 55 dep % 719:719 arg1 80 717:718 80 717:718 80 717:718 It has been illustrated that a wide acidic condition in the pH range of 2-6 was conducive to Cr(VI) adsorption and only 10 min was required to reach about 80% adsorption. 29614412 1 56 theme novel 113:117 arg1 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 FCAS 172:175 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 29614412 1 56 theme novel 113:117 arg1 composite 161:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite 111:169 a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system 111:238 In this study, we prepared a novel hybrid functionalized chitosan-Al2O3@SiO2 composite (FCAS) for removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous system. 31778135 4 0 theme gut 725:727 arg1 microbiota 729:738 gut microbiota 725:738 gut microbiota 725:738 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 8 1 theme gut 1310:1312 arg1 composition 1325:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 5 2 theme gut 804:806 arg1 microbiota 808:817 gut microbiota 804:817 gut microbiota 804:817 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 9 3 theme health-promoting 1657:1672 arg1 ingredients 1684:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 5 4 theme different 893:901 arg1 contents 908:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 5 theme RG-I 903:906 arg1 contents 908:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 4 6 theme in 600:601 arg1 changes 609:615 in vitro changes 600:615 in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure 600:650 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 9 7 theme prebiotic 1674:1682 arg1 ingredients 1684:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 2 8 theme processing 286:295 arg1 water 297:301 citrus processing water 279:301 citrus processing water 279:301 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 9 9 theme RG-I-enriched 1588:1600 arg1 pectin 1602:1607 RG-I-enriched pectin 1588:1607 RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1588:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 6 10 theme rRNA 970:973 arg1 sequencing 991:1000 rRNA high-throughput sequencing 970:1000 rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way 970:1089 It was revealed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way. 31778135 0 11 theme SCFA 101:104 arg1 production 106:115 SCFA production 101:115 SCFA production 101:115 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 4 12 theme previous 488:495 arg1 studies 497:503 previous studies 488:503 previous studies 488:503 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 2 13 theme citrus 279:284 arg1 water 297:301 citrus processing water 279:301 citrus processing water 279:301 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 7 14 from species 1244:1250 arg1 family 1271:1276 Ruminococcaceae family 1255:1276 Ruminococcaceae family 1255:1276 DWRP significantly increased the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., while WRP increased SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family. 31778135 2 15 theme previous 351:358 arg1 study 360:364 a previous study 349:364 a previous study 349:364 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 9 16 theme structure-activity 1493:1510 arg1 correlation 1512:1522 the structure-activity correlation 1489:1522 the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin 1489:1539 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 9 17 with pectin 1602:1607 arg1 weight 1630:1635 small molecular weight 1614:1635 small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1614:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 0 18 from membranes 55:63 arg1 pectin 28:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin 0:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes 0:63 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 9 19 from use 1650:1652 arg1 ingredients 1684:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 health-promoting prebiotic ingredients 1657:1694 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 9 19 from use 1650:1652 arg1 products 1712:1719 therapeutic products 1700:1719 therapeutic products 1700:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 5 20 theme depolymerized 858:870 arg1 fraction 872:879 its depolymerized fraction 854:879 its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) 854:886 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 20 theme depolymerized 858:870 arg1 DWRP 882:885 DWRP 882:885 DWRP 882:885 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 21 theme present 774:780 arg1 study 782:786 the present study 770:786 the present study 770:786 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 0 22 theme segment 47:53 arg1 membranes 55:63 citrus segment membranes 40:63 citrus segment membranes 40:63 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 5 23 with WRP 846:848 arg1 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 23 with WRP 846:848 arg1 contents 908:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 8 24 theme SCFA 1356:1359 arg1 producers 1361:1369 some SCFA producers 1351:1369 some SCFA producers 1351:1369 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 6 25 theme gut 1058:1060 arg1 microbiota 1062:1071 the gut microbiota 1054:1071 the gut microbiota 1054:1071 It was revealed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way. 31778135 0 26 theme RG-I-enriched 14:26 arg1 pectin 28:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin 0:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes 0:63 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 9 27 theme citrus 1527:1532 arg1 pectin 1534:1539 citrus pectin 1527:1539 citrus pectin 1527:1539 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 8 28 theme dietary 1372:1378 arg1 WRP 1380:1382 dietary WRP 1372:1382 dietary WRP 1372:1382 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 0 29 theme Depolymerized 0:12 arg1 pectin 28:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin 0:33 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes 0:63 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 7 30 theme prebiotic 1138:1146 arg1 abundance 1125:1133 the abundance 1121:1133 the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 1121:1195 DWRP significantly increased the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., while WRP increased SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family. 31778135 2 31 theme sequential 306:315 arg1 acid 317:320 sequential acid 306:320 sequential acid 306:320 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 3 32 theme functional 431:440 arg1 food 442:445 functional food 431:445 functional food 431:445 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 3 33 theme RG-I-enriched 367:379 arg1 pectin 381:386 RG-I-enriched pectin 367:386 RG-I-enriched pectin 367:386 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 3 33 theme RG-I-enriched 367:379 arg1 supplement 416:425 a potential supplement 404:425 a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development 404:476 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 8 34 theme balanced 1301:1308 arg1 composition 1325:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 5 35 with pectin 833:838 arg1 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 35 with pectin 833:838 arg1 contents 908:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 6 36 dep sequencing 991:1000 arg1 modulated 1044:1052 modulated 1044:1052 modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way 1044:1089 It was revealed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way. 31778135 9 37 theme pectin 1534:1539 arg1 correlation 1512:1522 the structure-activity correlation 1489:1522 the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin 1489:1539 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 8 38 from content 1416:1422 arg1 colon 1431:1435 the colon 1427:1435 the colon 1427:1435 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 3 39 theme potential 406:414 arg1 pectin 381:386 RG-I-enriched pectin 367:386 RG-I-enriched pectin 367:386 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 3 39 theme potential 406:414 arg1 supplement 416:425 a potential supplement 404:425 a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development 404:476 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 9 40 theme pectin 1602:1607 arg1 development 1573:1583 the development 1569:1583 the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1569:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 3 41 theme pharmaceutical 451:464 arg1 development 466:476 pharmaceutical development 451:476 pharmaceutical development 451:476 RG-I-enriched pectin was proposed as a potential supplement for functional food and pharmaceutical development. 31778135 0 42 theme citrus 40:45 arg1 membranes 55:63 citrus segment membranes 40:63 citrus segment membranes 40:63 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 4 43 theme microbiota 551:560 arg1 modulations 532:542 favorable modulations 522:542 favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin 522:584 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 5 44 theme microbiota 808:817 arg1 modulations 789:799 modulations 789:799 modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw 789:922 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 4 45 from changes 609:615 arg1 structure 642:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 2 46 theme -enriched 237:245 arg1 WRP 255:257 WRP 255:257 WRP 255:257 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 2 46 theme -enriched 237:245 arg1 pectin 247:252 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin 210:252 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) 210:258 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 9 47 theme new 1471:1473 arg1 insights 1475:1482 new insights 1471:1482 new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin 1471:1539 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 4 48 theme gut 547:549 arg1 microbiota 551:560 gut microbiota 547:560 gut microbiota 547:560 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 0 49 theme spp. 161:164 arg1 growth 135:140 the growth 131:140 the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp 131:183 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 4 50 dep in 600:601 arg1 vitro 603:607 vitro 603:607 vitro 603:607 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 9 51 theme small 1614:1618 arg1 weight 1630:1635 small molecular weight 1614:1635 small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1614:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 5 52 theme commercial 822:831 arg1 CP 841:842 CP 841:842 CP 841:842 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 52 theme commercial 822:831 arg1 pectin 833:838 commercial pectin 822:838 commercial pectin (CP) 822:843 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 4 53 theme RG-I-enriched 565:577 arg1 pectin 579:584 RG-I-enriched pectin 565:584 RG-I-enriched pectin 565:584 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 9 54 theme therapeutic 1700:1710 arg1 products 1712:1719 therapeutic products 1700:1719 therapeutic products 1700:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 9 55 theme molecular 1620:1628 arg1 weight 1630:1635 small molecular weight 1614:1635 small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1614:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 4 56 theme microbiota 729:738 arg1 modulation 711:720 a structure-dependent modulation 689:720 a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota 689:738 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 2 57 dep acid 317:320 arg1 treatments 335:344 treatments 335:344 treatments 335:344 Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-enriched pectin (WRP) was recovered from citrus processing water by sequential acid and alkaline treatments in a previous study. 31778135 4 58 theme overall 624:630 arg1 structure 642:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 5 59 with fraction 872:879 arg1 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 Mw 921:922 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 5 59 with fraction 872:879 arg1 contents 908:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 different RG-I contents 893:915 In the present study, modulations of gut microbiota by commercial pectin (CP), WRP and its depolymerized fraction (DWRP) with different RG-I contents and Mw were compared in vivo. 31778135 8 60 theme SCFA 1411:1414 arg1 content 1416:1422 the SCFA content 1407:1422 the SCFA content in the colon 1407:1435 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 6 61 theme positive 1078:1085 arg1 way 1087:1089 a positive way 1076:1089 a positive way 1076:1089 It was revealed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way. 31778135 7 62 theme Ruminococcaceae 1255:1269 arg1 family 1271:1276 Ruminococcaceae family 1255:1276 Ruminococcaceae family 1255:1276 DWRP significantly increased the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., while WRP increased SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family. 31778135 7 63 theme SCFAs 1218:1222 arg1 species 1244:1250 species 1244:1250 species in Ruminococcaceae family 1244:1276 DWRP significantly increased the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., while WRP increased SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family. 31778135 7 63 theme SCFAs 1218:1222 arg1 producers 1224:1232 SCFAs producers 1218:1232 SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family 1218:1276 DWRP significantly increased the abundance of prebiotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., while WRP increased SCFAs producers including species in Ruminococcaceae family. 31778135 9 64 theme specific 1641:1648 arg1 use 1650:1652 specific use 1641:1652 specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products 1641:1719 Collectively, our findings offer new insights into the structure-activity correlation of citrus pectin and provide impetus towards the development of RG-I-enriched pectin with small molecular weight for specific use in health-promoting prebiotic ingredients and therapeutic products. 31778135 8 65 theme microbiota 1314:1323 arg1 composition 1325:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 a more balanced gut microbiota composition 1294:1335 By maintaining a more balanced gut microbiota composition and enriching some SCFA producers, dietary WRP and DWRP also elevated the SCFA content in the colon. 31778135 6 66 theme high-throughput 975:989 arg1 sequencing 991:1000 rRNA high-throughput sequencing 970:1000 rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way 970:1089 It was revealed by 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing that WRP and DWRP mainly composed of RG-I modulated the gut microbiota in a positive way. 31778135 0 67 theme gut 75:77 arg1 microbiota 79:88 gut microbiota 75:88 gut microbiota 75:88 Depolymerized RG-I-enriched pectin from citrus segment membranes modulates gut microbiota, increases SCFA production, and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. 31778135 4 68 theme favorable 522:530 arg1 modulations 532:542 favorable modulations 522:542 favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin 522:584 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 4 69 theme structure-dependent 691:709 arg1 modulation 711:720 a structure-dependent modulation 689:720 a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota 689:738 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 31778135 4 70 theme microbial 632:640 arg1 structure 642:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 the overall microbial structure 620:650 However, previous studies illustrated that favorable modulations of gut microbiota by RG-I-enriched pectin were based on in vitro changes in the overall microbial structure and the question of whether there is a structure-dependent modulation of gut microbiota remains largely enigmatic. 30899934 6 0 theme scaffold 880:887 arg1 group 889:893 OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 869:893 OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 869:893 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 11 1 theme group 1609:1613 arg1 B 1615:1615 group B 1609:1615 group B 1609:1615 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 6 2 theme blank 802:806 arg1 group 808:812 blank group 802:812 blank group 802:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 1 3 theme stem 268:271 arg1 cells 273:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells 241:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 241:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 11 4 theme real-time 1633:1641 arg1 PCR 1656:1658 real-time quantitative PCR 1633:1658 real-time quantitative PCR 1633:1658 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 5 5 theme Western 674:680 arg1 blot 682:685 Western blot 674:685 Western blot 674:685 Western blot was used to detect the expression of TGF-β3 protein. 30899934 12 6 theme group 1898:1902 arg1 C 1904:1904 group C 1898:1904 group C 1898:1904 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 6 7 theme group 858:862 arg1 A 797:797 group A 791:797 group A as blank group 791:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 7 theme group 858:862 arg1 C 864:864 group C 858:864 group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 858:893 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 8 8 theme 9th 1200:1202 arg1 weeks 1204:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks 1188:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation 1188:1227 The animals in each group were sacrificed after the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation. 30899934 13 9 theme damaged 2029:2035 arg1 cartilage 2037:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 10 10 theme t 1420:1420 arg1 test 1422:1425 t test 1420:1425 t test 1420:1425 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 0 11 link derived 43:49 arg1 cells 56:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 6 12 dep groups 783:788 arg1 D 902:902 group D 896:902 group D 896:902 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 12 dep groups 783:788 arg1 A 797:797 group A 791:797 group A as blank group 791:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 12 dep groups 783:788 arg1 B 821:821 group B 815:821 group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 815:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 12 dep groups 783:788 arg1 C 864:864 group C 858:864 group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 858:893 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 10 13 theme variance 1407:1414 arg1 analysis 1395:1402 analysis 1395:1402 analysis of variance and t test 1395:1425 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 6 14 theme OGP-HA-ChS 921:930 arg1 group 941:945 E group 939:945 E group 939:945 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 14 theme OGP-HA-ChS 921:930 arg1 group 932:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 10 15 used used 1386:1389 arg2 package 1374:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 7 16 theme osteoarthrosis 1034:1047 arg1 model 1049:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. 30899934 1 17 theme damaged 199:205 arg1 cartilage 207:215 damaged cartilage 199:215 damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 199:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 6 18 theme ADSCs 907:911 arg1 group 941:945 E group 939:945 E group 939:945 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 18 theme ADSCs 907:911 arg1 group 932:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 4 19 theme transfection 645:656 arg1 efficiency 625:634 the efficiency 621:634 the efficiency of virus transfection 621:656 The fluorescence expression of the cells was observed after 14 days and the efficiency of virus transfection was calculated. 30899934 7 20 theme temporomandibular 1010:1026 arg1 model 1049:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. 30899934 13 21 theme rabbit 2013:2018 arg1 cartilage 2037:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 8 22 theme 3rd 1192:1194 arg1 weeks 1204:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks 1188:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation 1188:1227 The animals in each group were sacrificed after the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation. 30899934 13 23 theme OGP-HA-ChS 1969:1978 arg1 scaffold 1980:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 0 24 from repair 105:110 arg1 rabbits 137:143 rabbits 137:143 rabbits 137:143 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 9 25 theme Scanning 1230:1237 arg1 microscopy 1248:1257 Scanning electron microscopy 1230:1257 Scanning electron microscopy 1230:1257 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 11 26 from expression 1676:1685 arg1 E 1705:1705 group E 1699:1705 group E 1699:1705 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 27 theme group 1699:1703 arg1 E 1705:1705 group E 1699:1705 group E 1699:1705 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 1 28 theme hyaluronic 324:333 arg1 -HA 319:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA 293:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 28 theme hyaluronic 324:333 arg1 acid 335:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 11 29 from MMP-3 1690:1694 arg1 E 1705:1705 group E 1699:1705 group E 1699:1705 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 30 theme lesions 1530:1536 arg1 better 1559:1564 better 1559:1564 better 1559:1564 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 30 theme lesions 1530:1536 arg1 repair 1510:1515 the repair 1506:1515 the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E 1506:1553 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 0 31 theme OGP-HA-chondroitin 66:83 arg1 scaffold 93:100 OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold 66:100 OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold 66:100 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 9 32 theme histological 1260:1271 arg1 observation 1273:1283 histological observation 1260:1283 histological observation 1260:1283 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 5 33 theme protein 731:737 arg1 expression 710:719 the expression 706:719 the expression of TGF-β3 protein 706:737 Western blot was used to detect the expression of TGF-β3 protein. 30899934 11 34 theme Scanning 1436:1443 arg1 RESULTS 1428:1434 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 34 theme Scanning 1436:1443 arg1 microscopy 1454:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 2 35 theme Rabbit 385:390 arg1 ADSCs 392:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs 377:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs 377:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs were isolated and cultured. 30899934 9 36 theme fluorescent 1299:1309 arg1 PCR 1324:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 11 37 from E 1705:1705 arg1 similar 1711:1717 similar 1711:1717 similar 1711:1717 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 37 from E 1705:1705 arg1 expression 1676:1685 the expression 1672:1685 the expression of MMP-3 in group E 1672:1705 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 13 38 theme repairing 1993:2001 arg1 effect 2003:2008 repairing effect 1993:2008 repairing effect 1993:2008 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 4 39 theme fluorescence 553:564 arg1 expression 566:575 The fluorescence expression 549:575 The fluorescence expression of the cells 549:588 The fluorescence expression of the cells was observed after 14 days and the efficiency of virus transfection was calculated. 30899934 11 40 theme group 1541:1545 arg1 D 1547:1547 group D 1541:1547 group D 1541:1547 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 41 theme histological 1469:1480 arg1 RESULTS 1428:1434 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 41 theme histological 1469:1480 arg1 observation 1482:1492 histological observation 1469:1492 histological observation 1469:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 3 42 theme TGF-β3 457:462 arg1 gene 464:467 TGF-β3 gene 457:467 TGF-β3 gene 457:467 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 0 43 theme TGF-β3 11:16 arg1 [Effect 0:6 [Effect 0:6 [Effect of TGF-β3 0:16 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 6 44 theme ADSCs 845:849 arg1 group 851:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 7 45 theme experimental 1119:1130 arg1 design 1132:1137 the experimental design 1115:1137 the experimental design 1115:1137 After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. 30899934 1 46 theme peptide 311:317 arg1 -HA 319:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA 293:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 46 theme peptide 311:317 arg1 acid 335:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 6 47 theme TGF-β3 826:831 arg1 group 851:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 13 48 dep CONCLUSIONS 1922:1932 arg1 has 1989:1991 has 1989:1991 has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 1989:2045 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 13 48 dep CONCLUSIONS 1922:1932 arg1 ADSCs 1953:1957 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs 1934:1957 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 1922:2046 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 0 49 theme derived 43:49 arg1 cells 56:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 1 50 theme -HA 319:321 arg1 -ChS 340:343 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS 293:343 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 50 theme -HA 319:321 arg1 sulfate 358:364 chondroitin sulfate 346:364 chondroitin sulfate 346:364 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 8 51 from animals 1144:1150 arg1 group 1160:1164 each group 1155:1164 each group 1155:1164 The animals in each group were sacrificed after the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation. 30899934 11 52 theme group 1776:1780 arg1 C 1782:1782 group C 1776:1782 group C 1776:1782 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 1 53 theme rabbit 220:225 arg1 condylar 227:234 rabbit condylar 220:234 rabbit condylar 220:234 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 10 54 theme software 1365:1372 arg1 package 1374:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 1 55 theme adipose 260:266 arg1 cells 273:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells 241:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 241:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 6 56 theme OGP-HA-ChS 869:878 arg1 group 889:893 OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 869:893 OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 869:893 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 4 57 theme cells 584:588 arg1 expression 566:575 The fluorescence expression 549:575 The fluorescence expression of the cells 549:588 The fluorescence expression of the cells was observed after 14 days and the efficiency of virus transfection was calculated. 30899934 11 58 theme quantitative 1643:1654 arg1 PCR 1656:1658 real-time quantitative PCR 1633:1658 real-time quantitative PCR 1633:1658 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 6 59 theme group 791:795 arg1 D 902:902 group D 896:902 group D 896:902 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 59 theme group 791:795 arg1 A 797:797 group A 791:797 group A as blank group 791:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 59 theme group 791:795 arg1 B 821:821 group B 815:821 group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 815:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 59 theme group 791:795 arg1 C 864:864 group C 858:864 group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group 858:893 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 3 60 theme rabbit 535:540 arg1 ADSCs 542:546 rabbit ADSCs 535:546 rabbit ADSCs 535:546 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 12 61 theme group 1859:1863 arg1 A 1865:1865 group A 1859:1865 group A 1859:1865 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 5 62 used used 691:694 arg2 blot 682:685 Western blot 674:685 Western blot 674:685 Western blot was used to detect the expression of TGF-β3 protein. 30899934 7 63 theme joint 1028:1032 arg1 model 1049:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. 30899934 6 64 theme complex 913:919 arg1 group 941:945 E group 939:945 E group 939:945 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 64 theme complex 913:919 arg1 group 932:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 3 65 contain carrying 448:455 arg2 gene 464:467 TGF-β3 gene 457:467 TGF-β3 gene 457:467 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 3 65 contain carrying 448:455 arg1 vector 441:446 The expression vector 426:446 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene 426:467 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 8 66 theme transplantation 1213:1227 arg1 weeks 1204:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks 1188:1208 the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation 1188:1227 The animals in each group were sacrificed after the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation. 30899934 7 67 theme rabbit 1003:1008 arg1 model 1049:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model 999:1053 After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. 30899934 4 68 theme virus 639:643 arg1 transfection 645:656 virus transfection 639:656 virus transfection 639:656 The fluorescence expression of the cells was observed after 14 days and the efficiency of virus transfection was calculated. 30899934 13 69 theme condylar 2020:2027 arg1 cartilage 2037:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 rabbit condylar damaged cartilage 2013:2045 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 13 70 theme composite 1959:1967 arg1 scaffold 1980:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 6 71 theme group 896:900 arg1 D 902:902 group D 896:902 group D 896:902 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 71 theme group 896:900 arg1 A 797:797 group A 791:797 group A as blank group 791:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 0 72 theme cartilage 124:132 arg1 repair 105:110 repair 105:110 repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits 105:143 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 11 73 dep RESULTS 1428:1434 arg1 RESULTS 1428:1434 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 73 dep RESULTS 1428:1434 arg1 microscopy 1454:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 73 dep RESULTS 1428:1434 arg1 observation 1482:1492 histological observation 1469:1492 histological observation 1469:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 9 74 theme electron 1239:1246 arg1 microscopy 1248:1257 Scanning electron microscopy 1230:1257 Scanning electron microscopy 1230:1257 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 12 75 from expression 1804:1813 arg1 E 1834:1834 group E 1828:1834 group E 1828:1834 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 76 theme cartilage 1520:1528 arg1 lesions 1530:1536 cartilage lesions 1520:1536 cartilage lesions 1520:1536 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 0 77 theme sulfate 85:91 arg1 scaffold 93:100 OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold 66:100 OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold 66:100 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 13 78 theme transfected 1941:1951 arg1 ADSCs 1953:1957 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs 1934:1957 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 1922:2046 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 12 79 theme group 1828:1832 arg1 E 1834:1834 group E 1828:1834 group E 1828:1834 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 0 80 theme condylar 115:122 arg1 cartilage 124:132 condylar cartilage 115:132 condylar cartilage 115:132 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 11 81 theme group 1730:1734 arg1 A 1736:1736 group A 1730:1736 group A 1730:1736 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 5 82 theme TGF-β3 724:729 arg1 protein 731:737 TGF-β3 protein 724:737 TGF-β3 protein 724:737 Western blot was used to detect the expression of TGF-β3 protein. 30899934 1 83 theme -ChS 340:343 arg1 scaffold 367:374 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 11 84 from repair 1510:1515 arg1 D 1547:1547 group D 1541:1547 group D 1541:1547 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 84 from repair 1510:1515 arg1 E 1553:1553 E 1553:1553 E 1553:1553 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 6 85 theme E 939:939 arg1 group 941:945 E group 939:945 E group 939:945 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 85 theme E 939:939 arg1 group 932:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group 907:936 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 10 86 theme test 1422:1425 arg1 analysis 1395:1402 analysis 1395:1402 analysis of variance and t test 1395:1425 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 1 87 theme chondroitin 346:356 arg1 -ChS 340:343 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS 293:343 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 87 theme chondroitin 346:356 arg1 sulfate 358:364 chondroitin sulfate 346:364 chondroitin sulfate 346:364 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 2 88 theme METHODS 377:383 arg1 ADSCs 392:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs 377:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs 377:396 METHODS Rabbit ADSCs were isolated and cultured. 30899934 9 89 theme quantitative 1311:1322 arg1 PCR 1324:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 12 90 theme TIMP-1 1818:1823 arg1 similar 1840:1846 similar 1840:1846 similar 1840:1846 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 12 90 theme TIMP-1 1818:1823 arg1 expression 1804:1813 The expression 1800:1813 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E 1800:1834 The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 9 91 theme real-time 1289:1297 arg1 PCR 1324:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR 1289:1326 Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. 30899934 1 92 theme OGP 293:295 arg1 -HA 319:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA 293:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 92 theme OGP 293:295 arg1 acid 335:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 93 with cartilage 207:215 arg1 cells 273:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells 241:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 241:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 13 94 contain has 1989:1991 arg1 scaffold 1980:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold 1959:1987 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 13 94 contain has 1989:1991 arg2 effect 2003:2008 repairing effect 1993:2008 repairing effect 1993:2008 CONCLUSIONS TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. 30899934 11 95 theme electron 1445:1452 arg1 RESULTS 1428:1434 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation 1428:1492 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 95 theme electron 1445:1452 arg1 microscopy 1454:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 Scanning electron microscopy 1436:1463 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 0 96 theme adipose 35:41 arg1 cells 56:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 1 97 theme osteogenesis 298:309 arg1 -HA 319:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA 293:321 OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 293:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 1 97 theme osteogenesis 298:309 arg1 acid 335:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 hyaluronic acid 324:338 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 6 98 theme transfected 833:843 arg1 group 851:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 826:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 11 99 theme PCR 1656:1658 arg1 results 1622:1628 the results 1618:1628 the results of real-time quantitative PCR 1618:1658 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 100 theme group 1580:1584 arg1 B 1586:1586 group B 1580:1586 group B 1580:1586 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 0 101 theme stem 51:54 arg1 cells 56:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 adipose derived stem cells 35:60 [Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits]. 30899934 11 102 theme MMP-3 1690:1694 arg1 similar 1711:1717 similar 1711:1717 similar 1711:1717 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 11 102 theme MMP-3 1690:1694 arg1 expression 1676:1685 the expression 1672:1685 the expression of MMP-3 in group E 1672:1705 RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). 30899934 3 103 theme recombinant 491:501 arg1 adenovirus 503:512 recombinant adenovirus 491:512 recombinant adenovirus 491:512 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 6 104 theme group 815:819 arg1 A 797:797 group A 791:797 group A as blank group 791:812 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 6 104 theme group 815:819 arg1 B 821:821 group B 815:821 group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group 815:855 Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. 30899934 1 105 theme condylar 227:234 arg1 cartilage 207:215 damaged cartilage 199:215 damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 199:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30899934 3 106 theme expression 430:439 arg1 vector 441:446 The expression vector 426:446 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene 426:467 The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. 30899934 10 107 theme SPSS17.0 1356:1363 arg1 package 1374:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package 1356:1380 SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. 30899934 1 108 theme TGF-β3-transfected 241:258 arg1 cells 273:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells 241:277 TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold 241:374 PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. 30606543 0 0 theme pancreatic 90:99 arg1 immobilization 108:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 3 1 theme prepared 347:354 arg1 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 1 theme prepared 347:354 arg1 support 356:362 The prepared support 343:362 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) 343:376 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 9 2 theme magnetic 1581:1588 arg1 nanoparticles 1599:1611 the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles 1577:1611 the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with PPL 1577:1627 Besides, the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with PPL were easily recovered. 30606543 10 3 theme efficient 1661:1669 arg1 method 1686:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method 1652:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization 1652:1717 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization was developed. 30606543 0 4 theme porcine 82:88 arg1 immobilization 108:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 5 5 dep specific 794:801 arg1 higher 787:792 higher 787:792 higher 787:792 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 3 6 theme vibrating 513:521 arg1 VSM 544:546 VSM 544:546 VSM 544:546 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 6 theme vibrating 513:521 arg1 magnetometry 530:541 vibrating sample magnetometry 513:541 vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) 513:547 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 8 7 theme immobilized 1443:1453 arg1 PPL 1455:1457 the immobilized PPL 1439:1457 the immobilized PPL 1439:1457 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 6 8 theme residual 960:967 arg1 activity 1026:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 8 theme residual 960:967 arg1 activity 969:976 The residual activity 956:976 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 956:995 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 8 theme residual 960:967 arg1 % 1009:1009 above 60% 1001:1009 above 60% of the initial activity 1001:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 9 theme initial 1134:1140 arg1 activity 1142:1149 the initial activity 1130:1149 the initial activity 1130:1149 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 5 10 dep 1.93-fold 777:785 arg1 specific 794:801 specific 794:801 specific 794:801 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 10 11 theme enzyme 1697:1702 arg1 immobilization 1704:1717 enzyme immobilization 1697:1717 enzyme immobilization 1697:1717 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization was developed. 30606543 0 12 theme lipase 101:106 arg1 immobilization 108:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization 82:121 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 8 13 theme better 1463:1468 arg1 affinity 1470:1477 better affinity 1463:1477 better affinity towards the substrate 1463:1499 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 4 14 theme PPL 724:726 arg1 structure 699:707 the secondary structure 685:707 the secondary structure of immobilized PPL 685:726 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 4 15 used used 669:672 arg2 dichroism 650:658 Circular dichroism 641:658 Circular dichroism (CD) 641:663 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 4 15 used used 669:672 arg2 CD 661:662 CD 661:662 CD 661:662 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 2 16 theme liquid 330:335 arg1 ionic 324:328 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid 294:335 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL) 294:340 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 2 16 theme liquid 330:335 arg1 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 5 17 theme lipase 894:899 arg1 capacity 916:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 10 18 theme novel 1654:1658 arg1 method 1686:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method 1652:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization 1652:1717 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization was developed. 30606543 5 19 theme capacity 916:923 arg1 95 mg/g 883:889 95 mg/g 883:889 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity 883:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 19 theme capacity 916:923 arg1 capacity 916:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 19 theme capacity 916:923 arg1 % 932:932 382% 929:932 382% of activity recovery 929:953 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 19 theme capacity 916:923 arg1 recovery 946:953 activity recovery 937:953 activity recovery 937:953 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 20 theme activity 937:944 arg1 recovery 946:953 activity recovery 937:953 activity recovery 937:953 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 1 21 theme mean 185:188 arg1 diameter 190:197 mean diameter 185:197 mean diameter of 15-20 nm 185:209 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 1 22 with nanoparticles 155:167 arg1 diameter 190:197 mean diameter 185:197 mean diameter of 15-20 nm 185:209 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 2 23 theme functional 313:322 arg1 ionic 324:328 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid 294:335 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL) 294:340 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 2 23 theme functional 313:322 arg1 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 8 24 contain had 1459:1461 arg1 PPL 1455:1457 the immobilized PPL 1439:1457 the immobilized PPL 1439:1457 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 24 contain had 1459:1461 arg2 affinity 1470:1477 better affinity 1463:1477 better affinity towards the substrate 1463:1499 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 5 25 theme immobilized 733:743 arg1 PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 750:764 PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 750:764 PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 750:764 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 25 theme immobilized 733:743 arg1 PPL 745:747 The immobilized PPL 729:747 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) 729:765 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 9 26 theme chitosan 1590:1597 arg1 nanoparticles 1599:1611 the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles 1577:1611 the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with PPL 1577:1627 Besides, the magnetic chitosan nanoparticles loaded with PPL were easily recovered. 30606543 5 27 theme immobilization 901:914 arg1 capacity 916:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 6 28 theme activity 1026:1033 arg1 activity 1026:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 28 theme activity 1026:1033 arg1 activity 969:976 The residual activity 956:976 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 956:995 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 28 theme activity 1026:1033 arg1 % 1009:1009 above 60% 1001:1009 above 60% of the initial activity 1001:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 3 29 theme porcine 408:414 arg1 lipase 427:432 porcine pancreatic lipase 408:432 porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) 408:438 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 29 theme porcine 408:414 arg1 PPL 435:437 PPL 435:437 PPL 435:437 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 4 30 theme secondary 689:697 arg1 structure 699:707 the secondary structure 685:707 the secondary structure of immobilized PPL 685:726 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 1 31 theme 15-20 nm 202:209 arg1 diameter 190:197 mean diameter 185:197 mean diameter of 15-20 nm 185:209 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 0 32 theme ionic 24:28 arg1 chitosan 55:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 5 33 theme 1.93-fold 777:785 arg1 activity 803:810 1.93-fold higher specific activity 777:810 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 777:828 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 3 34 theme transmission 573:584 arg1 TEM 607:609 TEM 607:609 TEM 607:609 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 34 theme transmission 573:584 arg1 microscopy 595:604 transmission electron microscopy 573:604 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 573:610 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 4 35 theme immobilized 712:722 arg1 PPL 724:726 immobilized PPL 712:726 immobilized PPL 712:726 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 8 36 theme apparent 1325:1332 arg1 Km 1334:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 36 theme apparent 1325:1332 arg1 parameters 1313:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 7 37 dep % 1276:1276 arg1 75.5 1272:1275 75.5 1272:1275 75.5 1272:1275 In addition, PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained 84.6% of the initial activity after 10 cycles, whereas PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained only 75.5% activity. 30606543 0 38 theme functional 13:22 arg1 chitosan 55:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 3 39 used used 389:392 arg2 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 365:375 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 39 used used 389:392 arg2 support 356:362 The prepared support 343:362 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) 343:376 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 8 40 theme kinetic 1305:1311 arg1 Km 1334:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 40 theme kinetic 1305:1311 arg1 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 40 theme kinetic 1305:1311 arg1 Vmax 1341:1344 Vmax 1341:1344 Vmax 1341:1344 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 40 theme kinetic 1305:1311 arg1 parameters 1313:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 7 41 dep activity 1278:1285 arg1 % 1276:1276 % 1276:1276 % 1276:1276 In addition, PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained 84.6% of the initial activity after 10 cycles, whereas PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained only 75.5% activity. 30606543 0 42 theme modified 37:44 arg1 chitosan 55:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 7 43 theme activity 1211:1218 arg1 % 1194:1194 84.6% 1190:1194 84.6% of the initial activity 1190:1218 In addition, PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained 84.6% of the initial activity after 10 cycles, whereas PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained only 75.5% activity. 30606543 7 43 theme activity 1211:1218 arg1 activity 1211:1218 the initial activity 1199:1218 the initial activity 1199:1218 In addition, PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained 84.6% of the initial activity after 10 cycles, whereas PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained only 75.5% activity. 30606543 3 44 theme electron 586:593 arg1 TEM 607:609 TEM 607:609 TEM 607:609 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 44 theme electron 586:593 arg1 microscopy 595:604 transmission electron microscopy 573:604 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 573:610 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 4 45 theme Circular 641:648 arg1 CD 661:662 CD 661:662 CD 661:662 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 4 45 theme Circular 641:648 arg1 dichroism 650:658 Circular dichroism 641:658 Circular dichroism (CD) 641:663 Circular dichroism (CD) was used to analyze the secondary structure of immobilized PPL. 30606543 0 46 theme liquid 30:35 arg1 chitosan 55:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 3 47 theme X-ray 616:620 arg1 XRD 635:637 XRD 635:637 XRD 635:637 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 47 theme X-ray 616:620 arg1 diffraction 622:632 X-ray diffraction 616:632 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 616:638 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 0 48 theme chitosan 55:62 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 0:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 5 49 used used 849:852 arg2 triacetin 835:843 triacetin 835:843 triacetin 835:843 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 49 used used 849:852 arg2 substrate 861:869 the substrate 857:869 the substrate 857:869 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 2 50 theme composite 250:258 arg1 nanoparticles 260:272 these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles 226:272 these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles 226:272 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 10 51 theme practical 1676:1684 arg1 method 1686:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method 1652:1691 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization 1652:1717 A novel, efficient, and practical method for enzyme immobilization was developed. 30606543 7 52 theme initial 1203:1209 arg1 activity 1211:1218 the initial activity 1199:1218 the initial activity 1199:1218 In addition, PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained 84.6% of the initial activity after 10 cycles, whereas PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 retained only 75.5% activity. 30606543 0 53 theme magnetic 46:53 arg1 chitosan 55:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan 13:62 Synthesis of functional ionic liquid modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles for porcine pancreatic lipase immobilization. 30606543 8 54 mod modified 1541:1548 arg1 nanoparticles 1522:1534 the nanoparticles 1518:1534 the nanoparticles 1518:1534 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 54 mod modified 1541:1548 arg3 IL 1564:1565 functional IL 1553:1565 functional IL 1553:1565 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 6 55 theme initial 1018:1024 arg1 activity 1026:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 2 56 theme inorganic-organic 232:248 arg1 nanoparticles 260:272 these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles 226:272 these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles 226:272 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 1 57 theme magnetic 137:144 arg1 chitosan 146:153 magnetic chitosan 137:153 magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm 137:209 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 6 58 theme activity 1142:1149 arg1 activity 1142:1149 the initial activity 1130:1149 the initial activity 1130:1149 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 58 theme activity 1142:1149 arg1 % 1125:1125 40% 1123:1125 40% of the initial activity 1123:1149 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 2 59 theme imidazole-based 297:311 arg1 ionic 324:328 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid 294:335 an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL) 294:340 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 2 59 theme imidazole-based 297:311 arg1 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 IL 338:339 Subsequently, these inorganic-organic composite nanoparticles were modified using an imidazole-based functional ionic liquid (IL). 30606543 1 60 theme chitosan 146:153 arg1 CS‑Fe3O4 170:177 CS‑Fe3O4 170:177 CS‑Fe3O4 170:177 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 1 60 theme chitosan 146:153 arg1 nanoparticles 155:167 magnetic chitosan nanoparticles 137:167 magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm 137:209 We developed magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (CS‑Fe3O4) with mean diameter of 15-20 nm. 30606543 5 61 theme recovery 946:953 arg1 95 mg/g 883:889 95 mg/g 883:889 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity 883:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 61 theme recovery 946:953 arg1 capacity 916:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 lipase immobilization capacity 894:923 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 61 theme recovery 946:953 arg1 % 932:932 382% 929:932 382% of activity recovery 929:953 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 5 61 theme recovery 946:953 arg1 recovery 946:953 activity recovery 937:953 activity recovery 937:953 The immobilized PPL (PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4) exhibited 1.93-fold higher specific activity than PPL‑CS-Fe3O4 when triacetin was used as the substrate, and showed 95 mg/g of lipase immobilization capacity and 382% of activity recovery. 30606543 3 62 dep Fourier 465:471 arg1 transform 473:481 transform 473:481 transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) 473:638 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 6 63 from 50 °C 1055:1059 arg1 incubation 1041:1050 incubation 1041:1050 incubation at 50 °C for 6 h 1041:1067 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 3 64 theme FTIR 493:496 arg1 spectroscopy 499:510 (FTIR) spectroscopy 492:510 (FTIR) spectroscopy 492:510 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 65 dep transform 473:481 arg1 infrared 483:490 infrared 483:490 transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) 473:638 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 66 theme sample 523:528 arg1 VSM 544:546 VSM 544:546 VSM 544:546 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 66 theme sample 523:528 arg1 magnetometry 530:541 vibrating sample magnetometry 513:541 vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) 513:547 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 6 67 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 981:995 arg1 activity 1026:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 the initial activity 1014:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 67 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 981:995 arg1 activity 969:976 The residual activity 956:976 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 956:995 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 6 67 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 981:995 arg1 % 1009:1009 above 60% 1001:1009 above 60% of the initial activity 1001:1033 The residual activity of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 was above 60% of the initial activity after incubation at 50 °C for 6 h, as was higher than that of PPL‑CS‑Fe3O4 which showed 40% of the initial activity. 30606543 3 68 theme pancreatic 416:425 arg1 lipase 427:432 porcine pancreatic lipase 408:432 porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) 408:438 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 3 68 theme pancreatic 416:425 arg1 PPL 435:437 PPL 435:437 PPL 435:437 The prepared support (IL‑CS‑Fe3O4), which was used to immobilize porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), thermogravimetry (TG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30606543 8 69 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 1349:1363 arg1 Km 1334:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 apparent Km 1325:1335 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 69 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 1349:1363 arg1 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 2.51 mg/mL 1370:1379 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 69 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 1349:1363 arg1 Vmax 1341:1344 Vmax 1341:1344 Vmax 1341:1344 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 69 theme PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 1349:1363 arg1 parameters 1313:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 the kinetic parameters 1301:1322 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30606543 8 70 theme functional 1553:1562 arg1 IL 1564:1565 functional IL 1553:1565 functional IL 1553:1565 Furthermore, the kinetic parameters, apparent Km and Vmax of PPL‑IL‑CS‑Fe3O4 were 2.51 mg/mL and 1.395 U/mg respectively, these results indicated that the immobilized PPL had better affinity towards the substrate, especially when the nanoparticles were modified by functional IL. 30682847 7 0 dep 12 1004:1005 arg1 to 1001:1002 to 1001:1002 to 1001:1002 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 7 1 used used 1113:1116 arg2 additive 1097:1104 additive 1097:1104 additive 1097:1104 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 1 2 theme water 142:146 arg1 suspension 148:157 water suspension 142:157 water suspension 142:157 Chitin-nanofibrils are obtained in water suspension at low concentration, as nanoparticles normally are, to avoid their aggregation. 30682847 0 3 from Nanofibrils 7:17 arg1 Nanocomposites 46:59 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites 22:59 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites 22:59 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 5 4 theme chitin 581:586 arg1 nanofibrils 588:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 5 theme chitin 813:818 arg1 nanofibrils 820:830 chitin nanofibrils 813:830 chitin nanofibrils 813:830 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 6 theme nanofibrils 588:598 arg1 varied 604:609 varied 604:609 varied 604:609 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 6 theme nanofibrils 588:598 arg1 nanofibrils 588:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 6 theme nanofibrils 588:598 arg1 amount 563:568 The amount 559:568 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils 559:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 2 7 theme fibrils 260:266 arg1 difficult 307:315 difficult 307:315 difficult 307:315 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 2 7 theme fibrils 260:266 arg1 addition 244:251 The addition 240:251 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion 240:297 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 0 8 theme Thermo-Mechanical 77:93 arg1 Properties 95:104 Thermo-Mechanical Properties 77:104 Thermo-Mechanical Properties 77:104 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 7 9 dep filler 991:996 arg1 % 1006:1006 up to 12% 998:1006 filler up to 12% by weight 991:1016 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 0 10 theme Lactic 27:32 arg1 Poly 22:25 Poly 22:25 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites 22:59 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 0 10 theme Lactic 27:32 arg1 Acid 34:37 Lactic Acid 27:37 Lactic Acid 27:37 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 7 11 dep properties 1026:1035 arg1 alter 1037:1041 alter 1037:1041 alter the properties of the PLA based material 1037:1082 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 1 12 theme low 162:164 arg1 concentration 166:178 low concentration 162:178 low concentration 162:178 Chitin-nanofibrils are obtained in water suspension at low concentration, as nanoparticles normally are, to avoid their aggregation. 30682847 3 13 theme ethylene 376:383 arg1 poly 371:374 poly 371:374 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 371:397 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 3 13 theme ethylene 376:383 arg1 glycol 385:390 ethylene glycol 376:390 ethylene glycol 376:390 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 0 14 theme Chitin 0:5 arg1 Nanofibrils 7:17 Chitin Nanofibrils 0:17 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 0:105 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 5 15 theme PEG 573:575 arg1 nanofibrils 588:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 3 16 theme present 345:351 arg1 paper 353:357 the present paper 341:357 the present paper 341:357 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 7 17 theme material 1075:1082 arg1 properties 1047:1056 the properties 1043:1056 the properties of the PLA based material 1043:1082 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 2 18 theme molten 271:276 arg1 PLA 278:280 molten PLA 271:280 molten PLA 271:280 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 2 19 from addition 244:251 arg1 PLA 278:280 molten PLA 271:280 molten PLA 271:280 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 3 20 theme water 447:451 arg1 evaporation 453:463 water evaporation 447:463 water evaporation 447:463 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 3 21 theme poly 371:374 arg1 use 364:366 the use 360:366 the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 360:397 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 6 22 theme nanocomposites 885:898 arg1 properties 871:880 Thermal and morphological properties 845:880 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites 845:898 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites were also investigated. 30682847 7 23 theme regenerating 1196:1207 arg1 properties 1209:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 7 24 theme PLA 1065:1067 arg1 material 1075:1082 the PLA based material 1061:1082 the PLA based material 1061:1082 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 0 25 theme Poly 22:25 arg1 Nanocomposites 46:59 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites 22:59 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites 22:59 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 5 26 theme PEG 723:725 arg1 presence 711:718 the presence 707:718 the presence of PEG 707:725 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 6 27 theme morphological 857:869 arg1 properties 871:880 Thermal and morphological properties 845:880 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites 845:898 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites were also investigated. 30682847 3 28 theme solid 424:428 arg1 pre-composite 430:442 a solid pre-composite 422:442 a solid pre-composite 422:442 In the present paper, the use of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is proposed to prepare a solid pre-composite by water evaporation. 30682847 7 29 theme based 1069:1073 arg1 material 1075:1082 the PLA based material 1061:1082 the PLA based material 1061:1082 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 7 30 theme chitin 950:955 arg1 nanofibrils 957:967 chitin nanofibrils 950:967 chitin nanofibrils 950:967 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 7 31 theme intrinsic 1162:1170 arg1 properties 1209:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 4 32 theme transparent 531:541 arg1 nanocomposites 543:556 transparent nanocomposites 531:556 transparent nanocomposites 531:556 The pre-composite is then added to PLA in the extruder to obtain transparent nanocomposites. 30682847 5 33 dep possible 764:771 arg1 properties 778:787 the properties 774:787 the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils 774:830 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 7 34 theme anti-microbial 1172:1185 arg1 properties 1209:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1156:1218 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 5 35 from nanocomposites 618:631 arg1 varied 604:609 varied 604:609 varied 604:609 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 35 from nanocomposites 618:631 arg1 nanofibrils 588:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 PEG and chitin nanofibrils 573:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 5 35 from nanocomposites 618:631 arg1 amount 563:568 The amount 559:568 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils 559:598 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 0 36 dep Nanofibrils 7:17 arg1 Dispersion 62:71 Dispersion 62:71 Dispersion 62:71 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 0 36 dep Nanofibrils 7:17 arg1 Properties 95:104 Thermo-Mechanical Properties 77:104 Thermo-Mechanical Properties 77:104 Chitin Nanofibrils in Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA) Nanocomposites: Dispersion and Thermo-Mechanical Properties. 30682847 5 37 theme reinforcement 792:804 arg1 properties 778:787 the properties 774:787 the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils 774:830 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 2 38 from fibrils 260:266 arg1 PLA 278:280 molten PLA 271:280 molten PLA 271:280 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 5 39 from varied 604:609 arg1 nanocomposites 618:631 the nanocomposites 614:631 the nanocomposites 614:631 The amount of PEG and chitin nanofibrils was varied in the nanocomposites to compare the reinforcement due to nanofibrils and plasticization due to the presence of PEG, as well as for extrapolating, where possible, the properties of reinforcement due to chitin nanofibrils exclusively. 30682847 7 40 theme bioplastic 1121:1130 arg1 items 1132:1136 bioplastic items 1121:1136 bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties 1121:1218 This study concluded that chitin nanofibrils, added as reinforcing filler up to 12% by weight, do not properties alter the properties of the PLA based material; hence, this additive can be used in bioplastic items mainly exploiting their intrinsic anti-microbial and skin regenerating properties. 30682847 6 41 theme Thermal 845:851 arg1 properties 871:880 Thermal and morphological properties 845:880 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites 845:898 Thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites were also investigated. 30682847 2 42 from PLA 278:280 arg1 difficult 307:315 difficult 307:315 difficult 307:315 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30682847 2 42 from PLA 278:280 arg1 addition 244:251 The addition 240:251 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion 240:297 The addition of the fibrils in molten PLA during extrusion is thus difficult and disadvantageous. 30535612 7 0 theme compressive 1130:1140 arg1 stress/stretch 1142:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 1 1 theme water 227:231 arg1 molecules 233:241 water molecules 227:241 water molecules 227:241 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 4 2 theme GAG 677:679 arg1 composition 681:691 GAG composition 677:691 GAG composition 677:691 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 3 3 from effect 482:487 arg1 behavior 593:600 swelling behavior 584:600 swelling behavior 584:600 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 3 4 theme conditions 509:518 arg1 effect 482:487 the effect 478:487 the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior 478:600 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 7 5 from layers 1170:1175 arg1 AF 1217:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 4 6 theme biochemical 607:617 arg1 inhomogeneous 647:659 inhomogeneous 647:659 inhomogeneous 647:659 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 4 6 theme biochemical 607:617 arg1 composition 619:629 The biochemical composition 603:629 The biochemical composition of intact AF 603:642 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 10 7 theme Homogeneous 1508:1518 arg1 distributions 1520:1532 Homogeneous distributions 1508:1532 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness 1508:1561 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 7 8 contain had 1068:1070 arg1 structure 1058:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 7 8 contain had 1068:1070 arg2 impact 1080:1085 a great impact 1072:1085 a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1072:1155 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 6 9 theme fiber 878:882 arg1 angle 884:888 fiber angle 878:888 fiber angle 878:888 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 0 10 theme annulus 98:104 arg1 fibrosus 106:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 6 11 theme content 869:875 arg1 role 857:860 the role 853:860 the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development 853:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 10 12 theme stiffness 1553:1561 arg1 distributions 1520:1532 Homogeneous distributions 1508:1532 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness 1508:1561 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 10 13 theme angle 1543:1547 arg1 distributions 1520:1532 Homogeneous distributions 1508:1532 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness 1508:1561 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 7 14 theme annular 1045:1051 arg1 structure 1058:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 5 15 theme inner 770:774 arg1 AF 776:777 the inner AF 766:777 the inner AF 766:777 Moreover, the GAG content in the inner AF decreases significantly with degeneration. 30535612 9 16 dep decreased 1452:1460 arg1 observed 1424:1431 observed 1424:1431 observed with degeneration 1424:1449 Moreover, GAG loss in the inner AF, as observed with degeneration, decreased circumferential-direction stress by over 65%. 30535612 11 17 theme fiber 1759:1763 arg1 architecture 1765:1776 native fiber architecture 1752:1776 native fiber architecture in finite element models 1752:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 5 18 from content 755:761 arg1 AF 776:777 the inner AF 766:777 the inner AF 766:777 Moreover, the GAG content in the inner AF decreases significantly with degeneration. 30535612 1 19 theme Biological 116:125 arg1 tissues 127:133 Biological tissues 116:133 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 116:177 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 0 20 from stress 77:82 arg1 fibrosus 106:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 11 21 theme engineered 1866:1875 arg1 disks 1877:1881 engineered disks 1866:1881 engineered disks 1866:1881 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 7 22 theme region-dependent 1113:1128 arg1 stress/stretch 1142:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 11 23 dep need 1736:1739 arg1 include 1744:1750 include 1744:1750 to include native fiber architecture in finite element models 1741:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 11 23 dep need 1736:1739 arg1 predict 1818:1824 predict 1818:1824 to accurately predict tissue failure 1804:1839 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 11 23 dep need 1736:1739 arg1 cultivate 1856:1864 cultivate 1856:1864 to cultivate engineered disks 1853:1881 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 3 24 theme fibrosus 566:573 arg1 shape 545:549 the kidney-bean shape 529:549 the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF) 529:578 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 4 25 theme AF 641:642 arg1 inhomogeneous 647:659 inhomogeneous 647:659 inhomogeneous 647:659 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 4 25 theme AF 641:642 arg1 composition 619:629 The biochemical composition 603:629 The biochemical composition of intact AF 603:642 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 0 26 theme swelling-based 53:66 arg1 stress 77:82 swelling-based residual stress 53:82 swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus 53:113 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 1 27 theme high 142:145 arg1 GAG 166:168 GAG 166:168 GAG 166:168 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 1 27 theme high 142:145 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 147:163 a high glycosaminoglycan 140:163 a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 140:177 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 6 28 theme fiber 895:899 arg1 stiffness 901:909 fiber stiffness 895:909 fiber stiffness 895:909 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 4 29 theme fiber 703:707 arg1 angle 709:713 collagen fiber angle 694:713 collagen fiber angle 694:713 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 7 30 theme great 1074:1078 arg1 impact 1080:1085 a great impact 1072:1085 a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1072:1155 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 9 31 theme circumferential-direction 1462:1486 arg1 stress 1488:1493 circumferential-direction stress 1462:1493 circumferential-direction stress 1462:1493 Moreover, GAG loss in the inner AF, as observed with degeneration, decreased circumferential-direction stress by over 65%. 30535612 6 32 theme element 973:979 arg1 model 981:985 a finite element model 964:985 a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk 964:1014 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 2 33 theme lamellae 422:429 arg1 structure 431:439 lamellae structure 422:439 lamellae structure 422:439 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 8 34 theme measured 1286:1293 arg1 values 1295:1300 experimentally measured values 1271:1300 experimentally measured values 1271:1300 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 0 35 theme GAG 0:2 arg1 content 4:10 GAG content 0:10 GAG content 0:10 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 2 36 theme fiber 401:405 arg1 stiffness 407:415 fiber stiffness 401:415 fiber stiffness 401:415 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 5 37 theme GAG 751:753 arg1 content 755:761 the GAG content 747:761 the GAG content in the inner AF 747:777 Moreover, the GAG content in the inner AF decreases significantly with degeneration. 30535612 10 38 theme fiber 1676:1680 arg1 stretch/reorientation 1682:1702 fiber stretch/reorientation 1676:1702 fiber stretch/reorientation 1676:1702 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 7 39 theme outer 1211:1215 arg1 AF 1217:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 3 40 theme swelling 584:591 arg1 behavior 593:600 swelling behavior 584:600 swelling behavior 584:600 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 10 41 theme swelling 1598:1605 arg1 behavior 1607:1614 AF swelling behavior 1595:1614 AF swelling behavior 1595:1614 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 7 42 from stress/stretch 1189:1202 arg1 AF 1217:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 the outer AF 1207:1218 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 6 43 theme residual 930:937 arg1 development 946:956 residual strain development 930:956 residual strain development 930:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 6 44 from role 857:860 arg1 development 946:956 residual strain development 930:956 residual strain development 930:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 6 44 from role 857:860 arg1 swelling 917:924 AF swelling 914:924 AF swelling 914:924 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 2 45 theme tissue 319:324 arg1 swelling 326:333 tissue swelling 319:333 tissue swelling 319:333 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 7 46 theme tensile 1181:1187 arg1 stress/stretch 1189:1202 tensile stress/stretch 1181:1202 tensile stress/stretch 1181:1202 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 8 47 theme tissue 1335:1340 arg1 swelling 1342:1349 tissue swelling 1335:1349 tissue swelling 1335:1349 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 11 48 theme element 1788:1794 arg1 models 1796:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 6 49 theme lumbar 1004:1009 arg1 disk 1011:1014 a human lumbar disk 996:1014 a human lumbar disk 996:1014 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 10 50 theme AF 1595:1596 arg1 behavior 1607:1614 AF swelling behavior 1595:1614 AF swelling behavior 1595:1614 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 11 51 theme tissue 1826:1831 arg1 failure 1833:1839 tissue failure 1826:1839 tissue failure 1826:1839 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 10 52 theme circumferential/axial 1641:1661 arg1 stretch 1663:1669 circumferential/axial stretch 1641:1669 circumferential/axial stretch 1641:1669 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 11 53 from architecture 1765:1776 arg1 models 1796:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 2 54 from anisotropy 305:314 arg1 swelling 326:333 tissue swelling 319:333 tissue swelling 319:333 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 3 55 theme boundary 500:507 arg1 conditions 509:518 in situ boundary conditions 492:518 in situ boundary conditions 492:518 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 3 55 theme boundary 500:507 arg1 shape 545:549 the kidney-bean shape 529:549 the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF) 529:578 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 8 56 theme residual 1236:1243 arg1 stretch 1245:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch 1221:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch 1221:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 3 57 theme in 492:493 arg1 conditions 509:518 in situ boundary conditions 492:518 in situ boundary conditions 492:518 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 3 57 theme in 492:493 arg1 shape 545:549 the kidney-bean shape 529:549 the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF) 529:578 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 1 58 theme glycosaminoglycan 147:163 arg1 content 171:177 a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 140:177 a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 140:177 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 6 59 theme angle 884:888 arg1 role 857:860 the role 853:860 the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development 853:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 11 60 theme native 1752:1757 arg1 architecture 1765:1776 native fiber architecture 1752:1776 native fiber architecture in finite element models 1752:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 2 61 theme recent 281:286 arg1 work 288:291 Our recent work 277:291 Our recent work 277:291 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 8 62 theme residual 1366:1373 arg1 stresses 1375:1382 residual stresses 1366:1382 residual stresses 1366:1382 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 8 63 theme Swelling-based 1221:1234 arg1 stretch 1245:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch 1221:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch 1221:1251 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 9 64 theme GAG 1395:1397 arg1 loss 1399:1402 GAG loss 1395:1402 GAG loss in the inner AF 1395:1418 Moreover, GAG loss in the inner AF, as observed with degeneration, decreased circumferential-direction stress by over 65%. 30535612 6 65 theme GAG 865:867 arg1 content 869:875 GAG content 865:875 GAG content 865:875 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 7 66 from impact 1080:1085 arg1 swelling 1090:1097 swelling 1090:1097 swelling 1090:1097 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 10 67 theme fiber 1537:1541 arg1 angle 1543:1547 fiber angle 1537:1547 fiber angle 1537:1547 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 11 68 theme finite 1781:1786 arg1 models 1796:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 finite element models 1781:1801 These findings demonstrate the need to include native fiber architecture in finite element models, to accurately predict tissue failure, as well as to cultivate engineered disks. 30535612 3 69 theme kidney-bean 533:543 arg1 shape 545:549 the kidney-bean shape 529:549 the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF) 529:578 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 3 70 dep in 492:493 arg1 situ 495:498 situ 495:498 situ 495:498 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 4 71 theme fiber 720:724 arg1 stiffness 726:734 fiber stiffness 720:734 fiber stiffness 720:734 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 9 72 theme inner 1411:1415 arg1 AF 1417:1418 the inner AF 1407:1418 the inner AF 1407:1418 Moreover, GAG loss in the inner AF, as observed with degeneration, decreased circumferential-direction stress by over 65%. 30535612 7 73 theme developing 1102:1111 arg1 stress/stretch 1142:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch 1102:1155 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 3 74 theme annulus 558:564 arg1 fibrosus 566:573 the annulus fibrosus 554:573 the annulus fibrosus (AF) 554:578 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 3 74 theme annulus 558:564 arg1 AF 576:577 AF 576:577 AF 576:577 However, that work did not evaluate the effect of in situ boundary conditions, such as the kidney-bean shape of the annulus fibrosus (AF), on swelling behavior. 30535612 6 75 theme AF 914:915 arg1 swelling 917:924 AF swelling 914:924 AF swelling 914:924 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 0 76 theme residual 68:75 arg1 stress 77:82 swelling-based residual stress 53:82 swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus 53:113 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 6 77 theme stiffness 901:909 arg1 role 857:860 the role 853:860 the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development 853:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 4 78 theme intact 634:639 arg1 AF 641:642 intact AF 634:642 intact AF 634:642 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 1 79 with tissues 127:133 arg1 content 171:177 a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 140:177 a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 140:177 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 4 80 theme collagen 694:701 arg1 angle 709:713 collagen fiber angle 694:713 collagen fiber angle 694:713 The biochemical composition of intact AF is inhomogeneous with respect to GAG composition, collagen fiber angle, and fiber stiffness. 30535612 0 81 theme intact 91:96 arg1 fibrosus 106:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 the intact annulus fibrosus 87:113 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 6 82 theme finite 966:971 arg1 model 981:985 a finite element model 964:985 a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk 964:1014 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 2 83 theme fiber-network 350:362 arg1 architecture 364:375 the fiber-network architecture 346:375 the fiber-network architecture 346:375 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 0 84 theme fiber 13:17 arg1 stiffness 19:27 fiber stiffness 13:27 fiber stiffness 13:27 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 1 85 theme surrounding 252:262 arg1 environment 264:274 the surrounding environment 248:274 the surrounding environment 248:274 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 6 86 theme strain 939:944 arg1 development 946:956 residual strain development 930:956 residual strain development 930:956 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 2 87 theme fiber 388:392 arg1 angle 394:398 fiber angle 388:398 fiber angle 388:398 Our recent work showed that anisotropy in tissue swelling depends on the fiber-network architecture, including fiber angle, fiber stiffness, and lamellae structure. 30535612 0 88 theme fiber 34:38 arg1 angle 40:44 fiber angle 34:44 fiber angle 34:44 GAG content, fiber stiffness, and fiber angle affect swelling-based residual stress in the intact annulus fibrosus. 30535612 9 89 from loss 1399:1402 arg1 AF 1417:1418 the inner AF 1407:1418 the inner AF 1407:1418 Moreover, GAG loss in the inner AF, as observed with degeneration, decreased circumferential-direction stress by over 65%. 30535612 8 90 theme important 1317:1325 arg1 role 1327:1330 an important role 1314:1330 an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses 1314:1382 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 10 91 theme swelling 1625:1632 arg1 ratio 1634:1638 swelling ratio 1625:1638 swelling ratio 1625:1638 Homogeneous distributions of fiber angle and stiffness overestimated or underestimated AF swelling behavior, such as swelling ratio, circumferential/axial stretch, and fiber stretch/reorientation. 30535612 7 92 theme inner 1164:1168 arg1 layers 1170:1175 the inner layers 1160:1175 the inner layers 1160:1175 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30535612 1 93 contain have 179:182 arg2 ability 197:203 an excellent ability 184:203 an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment 184:274 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 1 93 contain have 179:182 arg1 tissues 127:133 Biological tissues 116:133 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content 116:177 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 1 94 theme excellent 187:195 arg1 ability 197:203 an excellent ability 184:203 an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment 184:274 Biological tissues with a high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content have an excellent ability to swell by absorbing water molecules from the surrounding environment. 30535612 6 95 theme human 998:1002 arg1 disk 1011:1014 a human lumbar disk 996:1014 a human lumbar disk 996:1014 In this study, we investigated the role of GAG content, fiber angle, and fiber stiffness in AF swelling and residual strain development using a finite element model based on a human lumbar disk. 30535612 8 96 theme swelling 1342:1349 arg1 role 1327:1330 an important role 1314:1330 an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses 1314:1382 Swelling-based residual stretch was comparable to experimentally measured values, suggesting an important role of tissue swelling in maintaining residual stresses. 30535612 7 97 theme ring 1053:1056 arg1 structure 1058:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 the annular ring structure 1041:1066 Our results showed that the annular ring structure had a great impact on swelling by developing region-dependent compressive stress/stretch in the inner layers and tensile stress/stretch in the outer AF. 30600056 3 0 theme supercritical 477:489 arg1 dioxide 498:504 supercritical carbon dioxide 477:504 supercritical carbon dioxide 477:504 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 9 1 theme novel 1425:1429 arg1 bilirubin 1448:1456 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 4 2 theme composite 561:569 arg1 beads 579:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 8 3 theme hemolysis 1315:1323 arg1 property 1325:1332 a lower hemolysis property 1307:1332 a lower hemolysis property 1307:1332 Furthermore, the Ch/GO aerogel beads exhibited a lower hemolysis property and improved anticoagulant property. 30600056 4 4 dep morphology 511:520 arg1 The 507:509 The 507:509 The 507:509 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 3 5 theme carbon 491:496 arg1 dioxide 498:504 supercritical carbon dioxide 477:504 supercritical carbon dioxide 477:504 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 4 6 theme Ch/GO 555:559 arg1 beads 579:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 0 7 theme bilirubin 101:109 arg1 adsorption 87:96 the adsorption 83:96 the adsorption of bilirubin 83:109 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 2 8 theme safe 341:344 arg1 removal 346:352 efficient, fast and safe removal 321:352 efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin 321:366 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 2 9 theme composite 292:300 arg1 beads 310:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 2 10 theme aerogel 302:308 arg1 beads 310:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 4 11 theme beads 579:583 arg1 properties 537:546 properties 537:546 properties 537:546 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 4 11 theme beads 579:583 arg1 structure 523:531 structure 523:531 structure 523:531 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 4 11 theme beads 579:583 arg1 morphology 511:520 morphology 511:520 morphology 511:520 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 7 12 theme adsorption 1197:1206 arg1 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 12 theme adsorption 1197:1206 arg1 time 1220:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time 1191:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) 1191:1231 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 13 theme aerogel 1106:1112 arg1 beads 1114:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 5 14 theme surface 867:873 arg1 area 875:878 enhanced surface area 858:878 enhanced surface area 858:878 The results indicated that GO was successfully bound to chitin matrix with enhanced surface area, thermal stability and mechanical strength. 30600056 4 15 theme aerogel 571:577 arg1 beads 579:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 551:583 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 7 16 theme short 1191:1195 arg1 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 16 theme short 1191:1195 arg1 time 1220:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time 1191:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) 1191:1231 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 9 17 theme blood 1431:1435 arg1 bilirubin 1448:1456 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 9 18 theme adsorbent 1458:1466 arg1 bilirubin 1448:1456 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 1 19 theme related 169:175 arg1 malfunctions 177:188 related malfunctions 169:188 related malfunctions 169:188 Excess bilirubin in blood can provoke hepatic damage and related malfunctions. 30600056 6 20 theme composite 957:965 arg1 beads 975:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 7 21 theme adsorption 1147:1156 arg1 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 21 theme adsorption 1147:1156 arg1 capacity 1158:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity 1127:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) 1127:1185 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 9 22 theme new 1399:1401 arg1 strategy 1403:1410 a new strategy 1397:1410 a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption 1397:1535 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 3 23 theme Ch/GO 373:377 arg1 beads 387:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads 369:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads 369:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 6 24 theme adsorption 928:937 arg1 capacity 939:946 The adsorption capacity 924:946 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin 924:993 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 5 25 theme mechanical 903:912 arg1 strength 914:921 mechanical strength 903:921 mechanical strength 903:921 The results indicated that GO was successfully bound to chitin matrix with enhanced surface area, thermal stability and mechanical strength. 30600056 5 26 theme chitin 839:844 arg1 matrix 846:851 chitin matrix 839:851 chitin matrix 839:851 The results indicated that GO was successfully bound to chitin matrix with enhanced surface area, thermal stability and mechanical strength. 30600056 3 27 theme aerogel 379:385 arg1 beads 387:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads 369:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads 369:391 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 6 28 theme Ch/GO 951:955 arg1 beads 975:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 1 29 from bilirubin 119:127 arg1 blood 132:136 blood 132:136 blood 132:136 Excess bilirubin in blood can provoke hepatic damage and related malfunctions. 30600056 4 30 dep transform 681:689 arg1 infrared 691:698 infrared 691:698 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 681:718 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 0 31 theme compatible 22:31 arg1 blood 16:20 blood 16:20 blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite 16:63 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 7 32 theme adsorption 1053:1062 arg1 results 1064:1070 batch adsorption results 1047:1070 batch adsorption results 1047:1070 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 9 33 theme compatible 1437:1446 arg1 bilirubin 1448:1456 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent 1423:1466 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 4 34 theme X-ray 721:725 arg1 XRD 740:742 XRD 740:742 XRD 740:742 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 4 34 theme X-ray 721:725 arg1 diffraction 727:737 X-ray diffraction 721:737 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 721:743 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 3 35 theme aqueous 441:447 arg1 solution 449:456 a NaOH/urea aqueous solution 429:456 a NaOH/urea aqueous solution 429:456 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 0 36 theme blood 16:20 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite 0:63 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 9 37 theme bilirubin 1516:1524 arg1 adsorption 1526:1535 bilirubin adsorption 1516:1535 bilirubin adsorption 1516:1535 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 1 38 theme Excess 112:117 arg1 bilirubin 119:127 Excess bilirubin 112:127 Excess bilirubin in blood 112:136 Excess bilirubin in blood can provoke hepatic damage and related malfunctions. 30600056 4 39 theme electron 616:623 arg1 SEM 637:639 SEM 637:639 SEM 637:639 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 4 39 theme electron 616:623 arg1 microscopy 625:634 scanning electron microscopy 607:634 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 607:640 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 0 40 theme oxide 49:53 arg1 composite 55:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 5 41 theme thermal 881:887 arg1 stability 889:897 thermal stability 881:897 thermal stability 881:897 The results indicated that GO was successfully bound to chitin matrix with enhanced surface area, thermal stability and mechanical strength. 30600056 9 42 theme good 1485:1488 arg1 potential 1502:1510 good application potential 1485:1510 good application potential 1485:1510 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 2 43 theme adsorbent 244:252 arg1 bilirubin 234:242 a novel bilirubin adsorbent 226:252 a novel bilirubin adsorbent 226:252 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 8 44 theme aerogel 1283:1289 arg1 beads 1291:1295 the Ch/GO aerogel beads 1273:1295 the Ch/GO aerogel beads 1273:1295 Furthermore, the Ch/GO aerogel beads exhibited a lower hemolysis property and improved anticoagulant property. 30600056 0 45 theme chitin/graphene 33:47 arg1 composite 55:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 6 46 theme beads 975:979 arg1 capacity 939:946 The adsorption capacity 924:946 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin 924:993 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 3 47 theme NaOH/urea 431:439 arg1 solution 449:456 a NaOH/urea aqueous solution 429:456 a NaOH/urea aqueous solution 429:456 The Ch/GO aerogel beads were prepared from chitin and GO in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution, followed dried by supercritical carbon dioxide. 30600056 7 48 theme excellent 1127:1135 arg1 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 48 theme excellent 1127:1135 arg1 capacity 1158:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity 1127:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) 1127:1185 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 49 theme equilibrium 1208:1218 arg1 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 0.5 h 1226:1230 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 49 theme equilibrium 1208:1218 arg1 time 1220:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time 1191:1223 short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) 1191:1231 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 2 50 theme novel 228:232 arg1 bilirubin 234:242 a novel bilirubin adsorbent 226:252 a novel bilirubin adsorbent 226:252 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 7 51 theme batch 1047:1051 arg1 results 1064:1070 batch adsorption results 1047:1070 batch adsorption results 1047:1070 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 52 theme bilirubin 1137:1145 arg1 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g 1168:1184 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 52 theme bilirubin 1137:1145 arg1 capacity 1158:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity 1127:1165 excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) 1127:1185 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 7 53 theme Ch/GO 1090:1094 arg1 beads 1114:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 2 54 theme fast 332:335 arg1 removal 346:352 efficient, fast and safe removal 321:352 efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin 321:366 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 7 55 theme optimized 1239:1247 arg1 condition 1249:1257 optimized condition 1239:1257 optimized condition 1239:1257 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 0 56 dep compatible 22:31 arg1 composite 55:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 chitin/graphene oxide composite 33:63 Construction of blood compatible chitin/graphene oxide composite aerogel beads for the adsorption of bilirubin. 30600056 2 57 theme oxide 278:282 arg1 beads 310:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 8 58 theme lower 1309:1313 arg1 property 1325:1332 a lower hemolysis property 1307:1332 a lower hemolysis property 1307:1332 Furthermore, the Ch/GO aerogel beads exhibited a lower hemolysis property and improved anticoagulant property. 30600056 8 59 theme Ch/GO 1277:1281 arg1 beads 1291:1295 the Ch/GO aerogel beads 1273:1295 the Ch/GO aerogel beads 1273:1295 Furthermore, the Ch/GO aerogel beads exhibited a lower hemolysis property and improved anticoagulant property. 30600056 2 60 theme chitin/graphene 262:276 arg1 Ch/GO 285:289 Ch/GO 285:289 Ch/GO 285:289 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 2 60 theme chitin/graphene 262:276 arg1 oxide 278:282 chitin/graphene oxide 262:282 chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads 262:314 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 7 61 theme composite 1096:1104 arg1 beads 1114:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 1086:1118 Moreover, batch adsorption results revealed that the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads showed excellent bilirubin adsorption capacity (484.1 ± 16.9 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibrium time (0.5 h) under optimized condition. 30600056 2 62 theme efficient 321:329 arg1 removal 346:352 efficient, fast and safe removal 321:352 efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin 321:366 Hereby we designed and constructed a novel bilirubin adsorbent, called chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite aerogel beads, for efficient, fast and safe removal for bilirubin. 30600056 8 63 theme anticoagulant 1347:1359 arg1 property 1361:1368 anticoagulant property 1347:1368 anticoagulant property 1347:1368 Furthermore, the Ch/GO aerogel beads exhibited a lower hemolysis property and improved anticoagulant property. 30600056 4 64 theme compressive 749:759 arg1 measurement 770:780 compressive strength measurement 749:780 compressive strength measurement 749:780 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 9 65 theme application 1490:1500 arg1 potential 1502:1510 good application potential 1485:1510 good application potential 1485:1510 Hence, this work provided a new strategy to develop a novel blood compatible bilirubin adsorbent, which presented good application potential for bilirubin adsorption. 30600056 6 66 theme UV-vis 1011:1016 arg1 spectrophotometry 1018:1034 UV-vis spectrophotometry 1011:1034 UV-vis spectrophotometry 1011:1034 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 5 67 theme enhanced 858:865 arg1 area 875:878 enhanced surface area 858:878 enhanced surface area 858:878 The results indicated that GO was successfully bound to chitin matrix with enhanced surface area, thermal stability and mechanical strength. 30600056 4 68 theme scanning 607:614 arg1 SEM 637:639 SEM 637:639 SEM 637:639 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 4 68 theme scanning 607:614 arg1 microscopy 625:634 scanning electron microscopy 607:634 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 607:640 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 6 69 theme aerogel 967:973 arg1 beads 975:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 Ch/GO composite aerogel beads 951:979 The adsorption capacity of Ch/GO composite aerogel beads for bilirubin was examined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. 30600056 4 70 theme strength 761:768 arg1 measurement 770:780 compressive strength measurement 749:780 compressive strength measurement 749:780 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 30600056 1 71 theme hepatic 150:156 arg1 damage 158:163 hepatic damage 150:163 hepatic damage 150:163 Excess bilirubin in blood can provoke hepatic damage and related malfunctions. 30600056 4 72 dep fourier 673:679 arg1 transform 681:689 transform 681:689 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 681:718 The morphology, structure and properties of the Ch/GO composite aerogel beads were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and compressive strength measurement. 31441702 11 0 theme chitinous 1263:1271 arg1 structures 1273:1282 other chitinous structures 1257:1282 other chitinous structures 1257:1282 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 4 1 theme pens 428:431 arg1 composition 413:423 composition 413:423 composition 413:423 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 1 theme pens 428:431 arg1 structure 385:393 structure 385:393 structure 385:393 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 1 theme pens 428:431 arg1 development 396:406 development 396:406 development 396:406 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 1 2 dep pen 76:78 arg1 The 72:74 The 72:74 The 72:74 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 7 3 theme ionic 812:816 arg1 composition 818:828 a significantly different ionic composition 786:828 a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 786:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 10 4 theme protease 1106:1113 arg1 inhibitors 1115:1124 protease inhibitors 1106:1124 protease inhibitors 1106:1124 Embedded proteins are classified into six groups, including chitin associated, protease, protease inhibitors, intracellular, extracellular matrix, and those that are unknown. 31441702 3 5 attach derived 288:294 arg2 flexibility 272:282 flexibility 272:282 flexibility 272:282 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 3 5 attach derived 288:294 arg1 composition 312:322 its unique composition 301:322 its unique composition of chitin and protein 301:344 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 3 5 attach derived 288:294 arg2 durability 257:266 The pen's durability 247:266 The pen's durability 247:266 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 4 6 from Doryteuthis 438:448 arg1 composition 413:423 composition 413:423 composition 413:423 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 6 from Doryteuthis 438:448 arg1 structure 385:393 structure 385:393 structure 385:393 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 6 from Doryteuthis 438:448 arg1 pens 428:431 pens 428:431 pens from Doryteuthis pealeii 428:456 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 6 from Doryteuthis 438:448 arg1 development 396:406 development 396:406 development 396:406 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 2 7 theme visceral 230:237 arg1 organs 239:244 the visceral organs 226:244 the visceral organs 226:244 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 10 8 theme extracellular 1142:1154 arg1 matrix 1156:1161 extracellular matrix 1142:1161 extracellular matrix 1142:1161 Embedded proteins are classified into six groups, including chitin associated, protease, protease inhibitors, intracellular, extracellular matrix, and those that are unknown. 31441702 4 9 dep structure 385:393 arg1 the 381:383 the 381:383 the 381:383 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 1 10 theme internalized 112:123 arg1 gladius 84:90 gladius 84:90 gladius 84:90 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 1 10 theme internalized 112:123 arg1 pen 76:78 pen 76:78 pen 76:78 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 1 10 theme internalized 112:123 arg1 shell 125:129 an internalized shell 109:129 an internalized shell 109:129 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 11 11 theme pen 1196:1198 arg1 proteins 1200:1207 The pen proteins 1192:1207 The pen proteins 1192:1207 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 5 12 theme specific 555:562 arg1 regions 564:570 only specific regions 550:570 only specific regions of the pen 550:581 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 0 13 theme Pen 42:44 arg1 Composition 17:27 Composition 17:27 Composition 17:27 Construction and Composition of the Squid Pen from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 0 13 theme Pen 42:44 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction and Composition of the Squid Pen from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 7 14 dep chitin 706:711 arg1 The 702:704 The 702:704 The 702:704 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 4 15 from composition 413:423 arg1 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 12 16 theme further 1411:1417 arg1 studies 1419:1425 further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein 1411:1495 further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein 1411:1495 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 5 17 from configuration 533:545 arg1 regions 564:570 only specific regions 550:570 only specific regions of the pen 550:581 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 4 18 theme composition 413:423 arg1 characterization 361:376 the characterization 357:376 the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii 357:456 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 3 19 theme chitin 327:332 arg1 composition 312:322 its unique composition 301:322 its unique composition of chitin and protein 301:344 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 5 20 theme pen 579:581 arg1 regions 564:570 only specific regions 550:570 only specific regions of the pen 550:581 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 3 21 theme unique 305:310 arg1 composition 312:322 its unique composition 301:322 its unique composition of chitin and protein 301:344 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 4 22 from development 396:406 arg1 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 5 23 theme aligned 525:531 arg1 configuration 533:545 an aligned configuration 522:545 an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen 522:581 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 11 24 theme many 1215:1218 arg1 domains 1230:1236 many conserved domains 1215:1236 many conserved domains 1215:1236 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 10 25 theme Embedded 1017:1024 arg1 proteins 1026:1033 Embedded proteins 1017:1033 Embedded proteins 1017:1033 Embedded proteins are classified into six groups, including chitin associated, protease, protease inhibitors, intracellular, extracellular matrix, and those that are unknown. 31441702 4 26 theme structure 385:393 arg1 characterization 361:376 the characterization 357:376 the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii 357:456 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 7 27 from plasma 841:846 arg1 composition 818:828 a significantly different ionic composition 786:828 a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 786:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 8 28 dep pen 896:898 arg1 those 926:930 those 926:930 those 926:930 Two groups of proteins are associated with the pen: those on its surface and those embedded within the pen. 31441702 8 28 dep pen 896:898 arg1 those 901:905 those 901:905 those 901:905 Two groups of proteins are associated with the pen: those on its surface and those embedded within the pen. 31441702 0 29 theme Squid 36:40 arg1 Pen 42:44 the Squid Pen 32:44 the Squid Pen 32:44 Construction and Composition of the Squid Pen from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 4 30 from structure 385:393 arg1 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 Doryteuthis 438:448 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 12 31 theme known 1386:1390 arg1 structures 1365:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures 1320:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known 1320:1390 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 7 32 theme shell 747:751 arg1 sac 753:755 the shell sac 743:755 the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 743:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 11 33 theme other 1257:1261 arg1 structures 1273:1282 other chitinous structures 1257:1282 other chitinous structures 1257:1282 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 4 34 theme development 396:406 arg1 characterization 361:376 the characterization 357:376 the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii 357:456 We report the characterization of the structure, development, and composition of pens from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 2 35 theme muscle 180:185 arg1 groups 187:192 important muscle groups 170:192 important muscle groups 170:192 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 0 36 from Doryteuthis 51:61 arg1 Composition 17:27 Composition 17:27 Composition 17:27 Construction and Composition of the Squid Pen from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 0 36 from Doryteuthis 51:61 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction and Composition of the Squid Pen from Doryteuthis pealeii. 31441702 2 37 theme important 170:178 arg1 groups 187:192 important muscle groups 170:192 important muscle groups 170:192 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 5 38 theme polysaccharide 482:495 arg1 β-chitin 497:504 the polysaccharide β-chitin 478:504 the polysaccharide β-chitin 478:504 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 3 39 theme protein 338:344 arg1 composition 312:322 its unique composition 301:322 its unique composition of chitin and protein 301:344 The pen's durability and flexibility are derived from its unique composition of chitin and protein. 31441702 12 40 dep complex 1330:1336 arg1 chitin-rich 1353:1363 chitin-rich 1353:1363 chitin-rich 1353:1363 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 12 40 dep complex 1330:1336 arg1 load-bearing 1339:1350 load-bearing 1339:1350 load-bearing 1339:1350 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 2 41 theme attachment 155:164 arg1 site 147:150 a site 145:150 a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs 145:244 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 2 41 theme attachment 155:164 arg1 It 132:133 It 132:133 It 132:133 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 2 41 theme attachment 155:164 arg1 attachment 155:164 attachment 155:164 attachment 155:164 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 5 42 theme β-chitin 497:504 arg1 nanofibrils 463:473 The nanofibrils 459:473 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin 459:504 The nanofibrils of the polysaccharide β-chitin are arranged in an aligned configuration in only specific regions of the pen. 31441702 7 43 theme squid 835:839 arg1 plasma 841:846 squid plasma 835:846 squid plasma 835:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 7 44 contain has 782:784 arg1 fluid 771:775 fluid 771:775 fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 771:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 7 44 contain has 782:784 arg2 composition 818:828 a significantly different ionic composition 786:828 a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 786:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 11 45 from structures 1273:1282 arg1 proteins 1243:1250 proteins 1243:1250 proteins from other chitinous structures 1243:1282 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 2 46 theme protective 203:212 arg1 barrier 214:220 a protective barrier 201:220 a protective barrier for the visceral organs 201:244 It serves as a site of attachment for important muscle groups and as a protective barrier for the visceral organs. 31441702 12 47 theme natural 1440:1446 arg1 mechanisms 1461:1470 natural construction mechanisms 1440:1470 natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein 1440:1495 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 6 48 theme pen 668:670 arg1 morphology 672:681 pen morphology 668:681 pen morphology 668:681 Chitin is secreted early in development, enabling us to characterize the changes in pen morphology prior to hatching. 31441702 1 49 theme squid 100:104 arg1 shell 125:129 an internalized shell 109:129 an internalized shell 109:129 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 1 49 theme squid 100:104 arg1 pen 76:78 pen 76:78 pen 76:78 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 1 49 theme squid 100:104 arg1 gladius 84:90 gladius 84:90 gladius 84:90 The pen, or gladius, of the squid is an internalized shell. 31441702 12 50 theme structures 1365:1374 arg1 structures 1365:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures 1320:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known 1320:1390 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 12 50 theme structures 1365:1374 arg1 amenable 1399:1406 amenable 1399:1406 amenable 1399:1406 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 12 50 theme structures 1365:1374 arg1 one 1313:1315 one 1313:1315 one 1313:1315 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 12 50 theme structures 1365:1374 arg1 pen 1306:1308 the pen 1302:1308 the pen 1302:1308 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 8 51 theme proteins 863:870 arg1 groups 853:858 Two groups 849:858 Two groups of proteins 849:870 Two groups of proteins are associated with the pen: those on its surface and those embedded within the pen. 31441702 8 51 theme proteins 863:870 arg1 proteins 863:870 proteins 863:870 proteins 863:870 Two groups of proteins are associated with the pen: those on its surface and those embedded within the pen. 31441702 6 52 from changes 657:663 arg1 morphology 672:681 pen morphology 668:681 pen morphology 668:681 Chitin is secreted early in development, enabling us to characterize the changes in pen morphology prior to hatching. 31441702 12 53 theme complex 1330:1336 arg1 structures 1365:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures 1320:1374 the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known 1320:1390 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 31441702 11 54 theme conserved 1220:1228 arg1 domains 1230:1236 many conserved domains 1215:1236 many conserved domains 1215:1236 The pen proteins share many conserved domains with proteins from other chitinous structures. 31441702 7 55 theme different 802:810 arg1 composition 818:828 a significantly different ionic composition 786:828 a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma 786:846 The chitin and proteins are assembled in the shell sac surrounded by fluid that has a significantly different ionic composition from squid plasma. 31441702 12 56 theme construction 1448:1459 arg1 mechanisms 1461:1470 natural construction mechanisms 1440:1470 natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein 1440:1495 We conclude that the pen is one of the least complex, load-bearing, chitin-rich structures currently known and is amenable to further studies to elucidate natural construction mechanisms using chitin and protein. 30852011 15 0 theme fecal 2098:2102 arg1 scores 2104:2109 fecal scores 2098:2109 fecal scores 2098:2109 The high-fat CMR was associated with an increase in permeability markers but positively influenced fecal scores in calves. 30852011 2 1 contain contains 356:363 arg2 levels 372:377 higher levels 365:377 higher levels of fat 365:384 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 2 1 contain contains 356:363 arg1 milk 351:354 whole milk 345:354 whole milk 345:354 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 1 2 theme energy 219:224 arg1 levels 209:214 their levels 203:214 their levels of energy, protein, and minerals 203:247 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 10 3 from recovery 1362:1369 arg1 ratio 1455:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 10 3 from recovery 1362:1369 arg1 urine 1399:1403 24-h urine 1394:1403 24-h urine 1394:1403 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 11 4 from treatments 1566:1575 arg1 low 1554:1556 low 1554:1556 low 1554:1556 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 13 5 dep fed 1797:1799 arg1 had 1818:1820 had 1818:1820 fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1797:1862 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 7 6 theme high 939:942 arg1 treatments 914:923 1 of 2 treatments 907:923 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose 907:950 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 7 6 theme high 939:942 arg1 lactose 944:950 high lactose 939:950 high lactose 939:950 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 3 7 theme lactose 461:467 arg1 effect 430:435 the effect 426:435 the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane 426:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 1 8 theme protein 227:233 arg1 levels 209:214 their levels 203:214 their levels of energy, protein, and minerals 203:247 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 12 9 theme high-fat 1733:1740 arg1 CMR 1742:1744 the high-fat CMR 1729:1744 the high-fat CMR 1729:1744 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 10 10 theme pulse 1488:1492 arg1 dose 1494:1497 an oral pulse dose 1480:1497 an oral pulse dose 1480:1497 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 9 11 theme straw 1204:1208 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 11 theme straw 1204:1208 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 11 theme straw 1204:1208 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 14 12 theme exchanging 1880:1889 arg1 lactose 1891:1897 exchanging lactose 1880:1897 exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR 1880:1916 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 9 13 theme water 1211:1215 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 13 theme water 1211:1215 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 13 theme water 1211:1215 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 11 14 theme lactulose 1529:1537 arg1 recoveries 1508:1517 Urinary recoveries 1500:1517 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose 1500:1537 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 2 15 theme Energy 250:255 arg1 source 257:262 Energy source 250:262 Energy source 250:262 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 9 16 theme crude 1218:1222 arg1 protein 1224:1230 crude protein 1218:1230 crude protein 1218:1230 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 2 17 theme high 313:316 arg1 levels 318:323 high levels 313:323 high levels of lactose 313:334 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 10 18 theme Cr 1388:1389 arg1 recovery 1362:1369 the recovery 1358:1369 the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1358:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 13 19 theme fewer 1836:1840 arg1 scores 1857:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 1 20 theme whole 189:193 arg1 milk 195:198 whole milk 189:198 whole milk 189:198 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 8 21 theme gradual 1019:1025 arg1 period 1035:1040 a gradual weaning period 1017:1040 a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study 1017:1131 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 6 22 theme body 806:809 arg1 weight 811:816 body weight 806:816 body weight 806:816 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 10 23 theme lactulose 1374:1382 arg1 recovery 1362:1369 the recovery 1358:1369 the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1358:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 9 24 theme total 1236:1240 arg1 energy 1242:1247 total energy 1236:1247 total energy 1236:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 2 25 dep one 267:269 arg1 whereas 337:343 whereas 337:343 whereas 337:343 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 13 26 theme high-fat 1805:1812 arg1 CMR 1814:1816 the high-fat CMR 1801:1816 the high-fat CMR 1801:1816 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 8 27 theme ad 1092:1093 arg1 libitum 1095:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 3 28 from performance 480:490 arg1 calves 532:537 calves 532:537 calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane 532:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 13 29 theme weaning 1770:1776 arg1 transition 1778:1787 the weaning transition 1766:1787 the weaning transition 1766:1787 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 9 30 theme apparent 1253:1260 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 15 31 from increase 2039:2046 arg1 markers 2064:2070 permeability markers 2051:2070 permeability markers 2051:2070 The high-fat CMR was associated with an increase in permeability markers but positively influenced fecal scores in calves. 30852011 11 32 theme Cr 1522:1523 arg1 recoveries 1508:1517 Urinary recoveries 1500:1517 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose 1500:1537 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 12 33 theme serum 1642:1646 arg1 ratio 1669:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 12 33 theme serum 1642:1646 arg1 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 1 34 theme replacer 135:142 arg1 compositions 150:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions 117:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions 117:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 0 35 from Effect 0:5 arg1 digestibility 62:74 digestibility 62:74 digestibility 62:74 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 0 35 from Effect 0:5 arg1 permeability 85:96 gut permeability 81:96 gut permeability 81:96 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 0 35 from Effect 0:5 arg1 performance 49:59 performance 49:59 performance 49:59 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 0 35 from Effect 0:5 arg1 replacer 37:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 8 36 theme complete 1118:1125 arg1 study 1127:1131 the complete study 1114:1131 the complete study 1114:1131 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 14 37 theme nutrient 1975:1982 arg1 digestibility 1984:1996 nutrient digestibility 1975:1996 nutrient digestibility 1975:1996 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 9 38 theme nutrients 1291:1299 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 38 theme nutrients 1291:1299 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 38 theme nutrients 1291:1299 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 6 39 theme collection 831:840 arg1 IgG 801:803 serum IgG 795:803 serum IgG 795:803 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 6 39 theme collection 831:840 arg1 weight 811:816 body weight 806:816 body weight 806:816 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 6 39 theme collection 831:840 arg1 date 823:826 date 823:826 date of collection after birth 823:852 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 2 40 theme whole 345:349 arg1 milk 351:354 whole milk 345:354 whole milk 345:354 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 3 41 from permeability 516:527 arg1 calves 532:537 calves 532:537 calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane 532:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 2 42 theme lactose 328:334 arg1 levels 318:323 high levels 313:323 high levels of lactose 313:334 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 9 43 theme starter 1195:1201 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 43 theme starter 1195:1201 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 43 theme starter 1195:1201 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 8 44 dep d. 1048:1049 arg1 libitum 1095:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 14 45 theme feed 1959:1962 arg1 intake 1964:1969 total feed intake 1953:1969 total feed intake 1953:1969 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 4 46 from formulation 622:632 arg1 basis 653:657 a weight-weight basis 637:657 a weight-weight basis 637:657 Lactose and fat were exchanged in the CMR formulation on a weight-weight basis. 30852011 2 47 theme higher 365:370 arg1 levels 372:377 higher levels 365:377 higher levels of fat 365:384 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 3 48 from digestibility 493:505 arg1 calves 532:537 calves 532:537 calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane 532:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 10 49 theme lactulose 1434:1442 arg1 ratio 1455:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 0 50 theme energy 10:15 arg1 source 17:22 energy source 10:22 energy source 10:22 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 1 51 theme minerals 240:247 arg1 levels 209:214 their levels 203:214 their levels of energy, protein, and minerals 203:247 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 14 52 theme growth 1933:1938 arg1 performance 1940:1950 growth performance 1933:1950 growth performance 1933:1950 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 10 53 theme concentration 1416:1428 arg1 ratio 1455:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 6 54 theme calves 747:752 arg1 total 712:716 A total 710:716 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves 710:752 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 3 55 theme study 403:407 arg1 aim 391:393 The aim 387:393 The aim of this study 387:407 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 0 56 theme milk 32:35 arg1 replacer 37:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 6 57 theme male 724:727 arg1 calves 747:752 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves 721:752 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves 721:752 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 10 58 theme d-mannitol 1444:1453 arg1 ratio 1455:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1409:1459 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 1 59 theme calf 125:128 arg1 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 1 59 theme calf 125:128 arg1 replacer 135:142 Current calf milk replacer 117:142 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions 117:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 10 60 theme Gastrointestinal 1302:1317 arg1 permeability 1319:1330 Gastrointestinal permeability 1302:1330 Gastrointestinal permeability 1302:1330 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 10 61 theme Cr 1413:1414 arg1 concentration 1416:1428 Cr concentration 1413:1428 Cr concentration 1413:1428 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 11 62 theme high-fat 1611:1618 arg1 CMR 1620:1622 the high-fat CMR 1607:1622 the high-fat CMR 1607:1622 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 15 63 theme high-fat 2003:2010 arg1 CMR 2012:2014 The high-fat CMR 1999:2014 The high-fat CMR 1999:2014 The high-fat CMR was associated with an increase in permeability markers but positively influenced fecal scores in calves. 30852011 6 64 theme serum 795:799 arg1 IgG 801:803 serum IgG 795:803 serum IgG 795:803 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 13 65 theme fecal 1851:1855 arg1 scores 1857:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 15 66 theme permeability 2051:2062 arg1 markers 2064:2070 permeability markers 2051:2070 permeability markers 2051:2070 The high-fat CMR was associated with an increase in permeability markers but positively influenced fecal scores in calves. 30852011 3 67 theme exchanging 450:459 arg1 lactose 461:467 partially exchanging lactose 440:467 partially exchanging lactose for fat 440:475 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 9 68 theme total-tract 1262:1272 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 2 69 theme differences 284:294 arg1 differences 284:294 the major differences 274:294 the major differences 274:294 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 2 69 theme differences 284:294 arg1 one 267:269 one 267:269 one 267:269 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 7 70 theme high 926:929 arg1 treatments 914:923 1 of 2 treatments 907:923 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose 907:950 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 7 70 theme high 926:929 arg1 fat 931:933 high fat 926:933 high fat 926:933 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 3 71 from effect 430:435 arg1 permeability 516:527 gut permeability 512:527 gut permeability 512:527 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 3 71 from effect 430:435 arg1 digestibility 493:505 digestibility 493:505 digestibility 493:505 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 3 71 from effect 430:435 arg1 performance 480:490 performance 480:490 performance 480:490 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 8 72 theme weaning 1027:1033 arg1 period 1035:1040 a gradual weaning period 1017:1040 a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study 1017:1131 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 11 73 from low 1554:1556 arg1 treatments 1566:1575 both treatments 1561:1575 both treatments 1561:1575 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 0 74 theme rearing 101:107 arg1 calves 109:114 rearing calves 101:114 rearing calves 101:114 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 8 75 theme age 1000:1002 arg1 d 995:995 49 d 992:995 49 d of age 992:1002 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 14 76 from lactose 1891:1897 arg1 CMR 1914:1916 the CMR 1910:1916 the CMR 1910:1916 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 0 77 from digestibility 62:74 arg1 calves 109:114 rearing calves 101:114 rearing calves 101:114 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 8 78 theme d. 1048:1049 arg1 period 1035:1040 a gradual weaning period 1017:1040 a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study 1017:1131 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 7 79 dep treatments 914:923 arg1 treatments 914:923 1 of 2 treatments 907:923 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose 907:950 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 7 79 dep treatments 914:923 arg1 fat 931:933 high fat 926:933 high fat 926:933 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 7 79 dep treatments 914:923 arg1 lactose 944:950 high lactose 939:950 high lactose 939:950 Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: high fat and high lactose. 30852011 9 80 theme protein 1224:1230 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 80 theme protein 1224:1230 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 80 theme protein 1224:1230 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 0 81 from performance 49:59 arg1 calves 109:114 rearing calves 101:114 rearing calves 101:114 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 13 82 theme abnormal 1842:1849 arg1 scores 1857:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores 1822:1862 In wk 1 and during the weaning transition, calves fed the high-fat CMR had significantly fewer abnormal fecal scores. 30852011 12 83 theme serum 1679:1683 arg1 concentrations 1688:1701 serum Cr concentrations 1679:1701 serum Cr concentrations 1679:1701 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 0 84 from permeability 85:96 arg1 calves 109:114 rearing calves 101:114 rearing calves 101:114 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 9 85 theme energy 1242:1247 arg1 intakes 1184:1190 intakes 1184:1190 intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy 1184:1247 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 85 theme energy 1242:1247 arg1 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 growth 1176:1181 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 9 85 theme energy 1242:1247 arg1 digestibility 1274:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility 1253:1286 apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients 1253:1299 Exchanging lactose for fat did not affect growth; intakes of starter, straw, water, crude protein, or total energy; or apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients. 30852011 11 86 theme Urinary 1500:1506 arg1 recoveries 1508:1517 Urinary recoveries 1500:1517 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose 1500:1537 Urinary recoveries of Cr and lactulose were generally low in both treatments but were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 3 87 theme gut 512:514 arg1 permeability 516:527 gut permeability 512:527 gut permeability 512:527 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 1 88 theme Current 117:123 arg1 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 1 88 theme Current 117:123 arg1 replacer 135:142 Current calf milk replacer 117:142 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions 117:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 8 89 theme available 1082:1090 arg1 libitum 1095:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 available ad libitum 1082:1101 The CMR was provided twice daily until 49 d of age, followed by a gradual weaning period of 14 d. Starter, straw, and water were available ad libitum throughout the complete study. 30852011 12 90 theme lactulose 1648:1656 arg1 ratio 1669:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 12 90 theme lactulose 1648:1656 arg1 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 1 91 theme milk 130:133 arg1 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 CMR 145:147 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 1 91 theme milk 130:133 arg1 replacer 135:142 Current calf milk replacer 117:142 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions 117:161 Current calf milk replacer (CMR) compositions significantly differ from whole milk in their levels of energy, protein, and minerals. 30852011 12 92 theme d-mannitol 1658:1667 arg1 ratio 1669:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio 1638:1673 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 12 92 theme d-mannitol 1658:1667 arg1 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 higher 1708:1713 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 30852011 4 93 theme weight-weight 639:651 arg1 basis 653:657 a weight-weight basis 637:657 a weight-weight basis 637:657 Lactose and fat were exchanged in the CMR formulation on a weight-weight basis. 30852011 2 94 contain contains 304:311 arg1 CMR 300:302 CMR 300:302 CMR 300:302 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 2 94 contain contains 304:311 arg2 levels 318:323 high levels 313:323 high levels of lactose 313:334 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 3 95 theme high 560:563 arg1 plane 573:577 a high feeding plane 558:577 a high feeding plane 558:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 4 96 theme CMR 618:620 arg1 formulation 622:632 the CMR formulation 614:632 the CMR formulation on a weight-weight basis 614:657 Lactose and fat were exchanged in the CMR formulation on a weight-weight basis. 30852011 14 97 theme total 1953:1957 arg1 intake 1964:1969 total feed intake 1953:1969 total feed intake 1953:1969 In conclusion, exchanging lactose for fat in the CMR did not affect growth performance, total feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. 30852011 10 98 theme 24-h 1394:1397 arg1 urine 1399:1403 24-h urine 1394:1403 24-h urine 1394:1403 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 0 99 theme source 17:22 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 0:115 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 10 100 theme oral 1483:1486 arg1 dose 1494:1497 an oral pulse dose 1480:1497 an oral pulse dose 1480:1497 Gastrointestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the recovery of lactulose and Cr in 24-h urine and the Cr concentration and lactulose:d-mannitol ratio in serum following an oral pulse dose. 30852011 0 101 theme calf 27:30 arg1 replacer 37:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 calf milk replacer 27:44 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 0 102 theme gut 81:83 arg1 permeability 85:96 gut permeability 81:96 gut permeability 81:96 Effect of energy source in calf milk replacer on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in rearing calves. 30852011 6 103 theme Holstein-Friesian 729:745 arg1 calves 747:752 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves 721:752 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves 721:752 A total of 60 male Holstein-Friesian calves were assigned to 1 of 30 blocks based on serum IgG, body weight, and date of collection after birth. 30852011 2 104 theme fat 382:384 arg1 levels 372:377 higher levels 365:377 higher levels of fat 365:384 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 3 105 theme feeding 565:571 arg1 plane 573:577 a high feeding plane 558:577 a high feeding plane 558:577 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of partially exchanging lactose for fat on performance, digestibility, and gut permeability in calves fed twice daily on a high feeding plane. 30852011 2 106 theme major 278:282 arg1 differences 284:294 the major differences 274:294 the major differences 274:294 Energy source is one of the major differences, as CMR contains high levels of lactose, whereas whole milk contains higher levels of fat. 30852011 12 107 theme Cr 1685:1686 arg1 concentrations 1688:1701 serum Cr concentrations 1679:1701 serum Cr concentrations 1679:1701 Accordingly, the serum lactulose:d-mannitol ratio and serum Cr concentrations were higher in calves fed the high-fat CMR. 29904011 10 0 from water 1617:1621 arg1 preconcentration 1563:1578 preconcentration 1563:1578 preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water 1563:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 9 1 theme in-syringe 1338:1347 arg1 procedure 1359:1367 the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure 1334:1367 the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure 1334:1367 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 4 2 theme sample 781:786 arg1 pH 788:789 sample pH 781:789 sample pH 781:789 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 2 theme sample 781:786 arg1 volume 732:737 eluent volume 725:737 eluent volume 725:737 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 3 3 theme activated 519:527 arg1 carbon 529:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon 503:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) 503:540 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 3 theme activated 519:527 arg1 sorbent 558:564 the sorbent 554:564 the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device 554:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 3 theme activated 519:527 arg1 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 4 4 theme central 637:643 arg1 design 655:660 central composite design 637:660 central composite design 637:660 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 10 5 theme based 1501:1505 arg1 method 1523:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 1 6 from preconcetration 267:281 arg1 samples 360:366 environmental water samples 340:366 environmental water samples 340:366 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 7 theme in-syringe 176:185 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 8 8 theme % 1300:1300 arg1 deviations 1288:1297 relative standard deviations 1270:1297 relative standard deviations (%RSD) 1270:1304 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 8 8 theme % 1300:1300 arg1 RSD 1301:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 1 9 from separation 252:261 arg1 samples 360:366 environmental water samples 340:366 environmental water samples 340:366 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 10 theme water 354:358 arg1 samples 360:366 environmental water samples 340:366 environmental water samples 340:366 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 11 theme phase 199:203 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 4 12 theme surface 608:614 arg1 methodology 616:626 A response surface methodology 597:626 A response surface methodology based on central composite design 597:660 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 7 13 theme detection 1101:1109 arg1 limits 1091:1096 The limits 1087:1096 The limits of detection and quantification 1087:1128 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29904011 8 14 theme interday 1219:1226 arg1 precisions 1246:1255 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions 1186:1255 precisions 1246:1255 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 10 15 theme MSPE 1518:1521 arg1 method 1523:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 9 16 theme water 1415:1419 arg1 samples 1421:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 4 17 theme procedure 852:860 arg1 efficiency 817:826 the extraction efficiency 802:826 the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure 802:860 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 1 18 dep separation 252:261 arg1 the 248:250 the 248:250 the 248:250 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 8 19 theme reproducibility 1229:1243 arg1 precisions 1246:1255 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions 1186:1255 precisions 1246:1255 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 4 20 dep factors 695:701 arg1 type 719:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 3 21 theme in-syringe 573:582 arg1 device 589:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 2 22 theme diode 470:474 arg1 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 2 22 theme diode 470:474 arg1 detector 482:489 a photo diode array detector 462:489 a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA) 462:500 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 1 23 dep parabens 286:293 arg1 methyl 296:301 methyl 296:301 methyl 296:301 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 23 dep parabens 286:293 arg1 parabens 286:293 parabens 286:293 parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) 286:335 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 23 dep parabens 286:293 arg1 propyl 311:316 propyl 311:316 propyl 311:316 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 23 dep parabens 286:293 arg1 paraben 328:334 butyl paraben 322:334 butyl paraben 322:334 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 23 dep parabens 286:293 arg1 ethyl 304:308 ethyl 304:308 ethyl 304:308 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 7 24 theme 20⁻50 1158:1162 arg1 ng 1164:1165 ng 1164:1165 ng 1164:1165 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29904011 4 25 dep type 719:722 arg1 pH 788:789 sample pH 781:789 sample pH 781:789 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 25 dep type 719:722 arg1 volume 773:778 sample volume 766:778 sample volume 766:778 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 25 dep type 719:722 arg1 number 740:745 number 740:745 number of elution cycles 740:763 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 25 dep type 719:722 arg1 volume 732:737 eluent volume 725:737 eluent volume 725:737 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 8 26 theme standard 1279:1286 arg1 deviations 1288:1297 relative standard deviations 1270:1297 relative standard deviations (%RSD) 1270:1304 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 8 26 theme standard 1279:1286 arg1 RSD 1301:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 0 27 theme Water 116:120 arg1 Samples 122:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 2 28 theme performance 424:434 arg1 chromatography 443:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 0 29 theme In-Syringe 0:9 arg1 Method 40:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method 0:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 0:129 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 5 30 theme excellent 892:900 arg1 performance 913:923 excellent absorption performance 892:923 excellent absorption performance 892:923 The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1. 29904011 6 31 theme linear 1022:1027 arg1 ranges 1029:1034 the dynamic linear ranges 1010:1034 the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens 1010:1051 Under the optimal conditions the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens were between 0.04 and 380 µg L−1. 29904011 4 32 theme solvent 711:717 arg1 type 719:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 10 33 theme environmental 1603:1615 arg1 water 1617:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 0 34 theme Solid-Phase 17:27 arg1 Method 40:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method 0:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 0:129 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 9 35 theme MSPE/HPLC 1349:1357 arg1 procedure 1359:1367 the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure 1334:1367 the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure 1334:1367 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 6 36 theme optimal 991:997 arg1 conditions 999:1008 the optimal conditions 987:1008 the optimal conditions 987:1008 Under the optimal conditions the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens were between 0.04 and 380 µg L−1. 29904011 1 37 theme MSPE 217:220 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 10 38 theme parabens 1583:1590 arg1 preconcentration 1563:1578 preconcentration 1563:1578 preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water 1563:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 4 39 theme elution 750:756 arg1 cycles 758:763 elution cycles 750:763 elution cycles 750:763 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 5 40 theme mg 973:974 arg1 g−1 976:978 227⁻256 mg g−1 965:978 227⁻256 mg g−1 965:978 The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1. 29904011 4 41 theme extraction 806:815 arg1 efficiency 817:826 the extraction efficiency 802:826 the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure 802:860 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 3 42 theme Chitosan-coated 503:517 arg1 carbon 529:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon 503:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) 503:540 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 42 theme Chitosan-coated 503:517 arg1 sorbent 558:564 the sorbent 554:564 the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device 554:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 42 theme Chitosan-coated 503:517 arg1 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 1 43 theme rapid 156:160 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 10 44 theme in-syringe 1507:1516 arg1 method 1523:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 CAC based in-syringe MSPE method 1497:1528 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 1 45 theme effective 166:174 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 46 theme micro-solid 187:197 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 8 47 theme intraday 1190:1197 arg1 repeatability 1200:1212 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions 1186:1255 repeatability 1200:1212 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 10 48 theme great 1543:1547 arg1 potential 1549:1557 great potential 1543:1557 great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water 1543:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 1 49 theme extraction 205:214 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 0 50 from Preconcentration 70:85 arg1 Samples 122:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 4 51 theme response 599:606 arg1 methodology 616:626 A response surface methodology 597:626 A response surface methodology based on central composite design 597:660 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 7 52 theme ng 1147:1148 arg1 L−1 1150:1152 6⁻15 ng L−1 1142:1152 6⁻15 ng L−1 1142:1152 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29904011 9 53 theme tap 1411:1413 arg1 water 1415:1419 tap water 1411:1419 tap water 1411:1419 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 9 54 dep 107 1476:1478 arg1 to 1473:1474 to 1473:1474 to 1473:1474 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 3 55 theme MSPE 584:587 arg1 device 589:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 4 56 theme preconcentration 835:850 arg1 procedure 852:860 the preconcentration procedure 831:860 the preconcentration procedure 831:860 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 7 57 theme ng 1164:1165 arg1 L−1 1167:1169 20⁻50 ng L−1 1158:1169 20⁻50 ng L−1 1158:1169 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29904011 2 58 theme array 476:480 arg1 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 2 58 theme array 476:480 arg1 detector 482:489 a photo diode array detector 462:489 a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA) 462:500 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 4 59 theme composite 645:653 arg1 design 655:660 central composite design 637:660 central composite design 637:660 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 0 60 theme Parabens 90:97 arg1 Preconcentration 70:85 Preconcentration 70:85 Preconcentration 70:85 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 0 60 theme Parabens 90:97 arg1 Separation 55:64 Separation 55:64 Separation 55:64 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 1 61 theme simple 148:153 arg1 method 223:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method 146:228 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 2 62 theme photo 464:468 arg1 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 HPLC-PDA 492:499 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 2 62 theme photo 464:468 arg1 detector 482:489 a photo diode array detector 462:489 a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA) 462:500 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 0 63 theme Environmental 102:114 arg1 Samples 122:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 1 64 theme butyl 322:326 arg1 parabens 286:293 parabens 286:293 parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) 286:335 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 64 theme butyl 322:326 arg1 paraben 328:334 butyl paraben 322:334 butyl paraben 322:334 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 0 65 from Separation 55:64 arg1 Samples 122:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 Environmental Water Samples 102:128 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 8 66 theme relative 1270:1277 arg1 deviations 1288:1297 relative standard deviations 1270:1297 relative standard deviations (%RSD) 1270:1304 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 8 66 theme relative 1270:1277 arg1 RSD 1301:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 %RSD 1300:1303 The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. 29904011 9 67 theme spiked 1389:1394 arg1 samples 1421:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 5 68 theme adsorption 933:942 arg1 capacity 944:951 the adsorption capacity 929:951 the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1 929:978 The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1. 29904011 4 69 theme eluent 725:730 arg1 pH 788:789 sample pH 781:789 sample pH 781:789 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 69 theme eluent 725:730 arg1 volume 773:778 sample volume 766:778 sample volume 766:778 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 69 theme eluent 725:730 arg1 number 740:745 number 740:745 number of elution cycles 740:763 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 69 theme eluent 725:730 arg1 volume 732:737 eluent volume 725:737 eluent volume 725:737 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 0 70 theme Micro 11:15 arg1 Method 40:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method 0:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 0:129 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 1 71 theme environmental 340:352 arg1 samples 360:366 environmental water samples 340:366 environmental water samples 340:366 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 4 72 used used 666:669 arg2 methodology 616:626 A response surface methodology 597:626 A response surface methodology based on central composite design 597:660 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 2 73 theme high 419:422 arg1 chromatography 443:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 4 74 theme factors 695:701 arg1 optimization 679:690 the optimization 675:690 the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure 675:860 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 0 75 theme Extraction 29:38 arg1 Method 40:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method 0:45 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 0:129 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 5 76 theme absorption 902:911 arg1 performance 913:923 excellent absorption performance 892:923 excellent absorption performance 892:923 The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1. 29904011 6 77 theme dynamic 1014:1020 arg1 ranges 1029:1034 the dynamic linear ranges 1010:1034 the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens 1010:1051 Under the optimal conditions the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens were between 0.04 and 380 µg L−1. 29904011 4 78 theme eluent 704:709 arg1 type 719:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 eluent solvent type 704:722 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 3 79 from sorbent 558:564 arg1 device 589:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 the in-syringe MSPE device 569:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 10 80 theme complex 1595:1601 arg1 water 1617:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 1 81 theme parabens 286:293 arg1 preconcetration 267:281 preconcetration 267:281 preconcetration 267:281 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 1 81 theme parabens 286:293 arg1 separation 252:261 separation 252:261 separation 252:261 In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. 29904011 3 82 used used 546:549 arg2 sorbent 558:564 the sorbent 554:564 the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device 554:594 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 82 used used 546:549 arg2 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 CAC 537:539 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 3 82 used used 546:549 arg2 carbon 529:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon 503:534 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) 503:540 Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. 29904011 0 83 dep Separation 55:64 arg1 the 51:53 the 51:53 the 51:53 In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. 29904011 4 84 theme cycles 758:763 arg1 number 740:745 number 740:745 number of elution cycles 740:763 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 84 theme cycles 758:763 arg1 volume 732:737 eluent volume 725:737 eluent volume 725:737 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 7 85 theme 6⁻15 1142:1145 arg1 ng 1147:1148 ng 1147:1148 ng 1147:1148 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29904011 9 86 theme wastewater 1396:1405 arg1 samples 1421:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 spiked wastewater and tap water samples 1389:1427 Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. 29904011 2 87 theme liquid 436:441 arg1 chromatography 443:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 high performance liquid chromatography 419:456 The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). 29904011 4 88 theme sample 766:771 arg1 volume 732:737 eluent volume 725:737 eluent volume 725:737 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 4 88 theme sample 766:771 arg1 volume 773:778 sample volume 766:778 sample volume 766:778 A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. 29904011 10 89 from preconcentration 1563:1578 arg1 water 1617:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 5 90 theme 227⁻256 965:971 arg1 mg 973:974 mg 973:974 mg 973:974 The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227⁻256 mg g−1. 29904011 10 91 from parabens 1583:1590 arg1 water 1617:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 complex environmental water 1595:1621 In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water. 29904011 7 92 theme quantification 1115:1128 arg1 limits 1091:1096 The limits 1087:1096 The limits of detection and quantification 1087:1128 The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6⁻15 ng L−1 and 20⁻50 ng L−1, respectively. 29550425 2 0 theme X-ray 523:527 arg1 spectroscopy 543:554 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 523:554 the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization 519:577 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 2 0 theme X-ray 523:527 arg1 XPS 557:559 XPS 557:559 XPS 557:559 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 6 1 theme particles 1139:1147 arg1 formation 1121:1129 the formation 1117:1129 the formation of nano particles 1117:1147 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 7 2 theme Sonogashira 1274:1284 arg1 reactions 1286:1294 the Sonogashira reactions 1270:1294 the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution 1270:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 5 3 dep nanoparticles 902:914 arg1 sized 916:920 sized 916:920 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers 902:1000 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 6 4 dep Pd0 1149:1151 arg1 reduction 1159:1167 reduction 1159:1167 reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1159:1206 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 8 5 theme recycled 1527:1534 arg1 catalysts 1552:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 7 6 theme aromatic 1299:1306 arg1 halides 1308:1314 aromatic halides 1299:1314 aromatic halides 1299:1314 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 2 7 theme spectroscopy 543:554 arg1 characterization 562:577 the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization 519:577 the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization 519:577 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 6 8 theme annihilation 1016:1027 arg1 spectroscopy 1038:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy 1003:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) 1003:1056 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 8 theme annihilation 1016:1027 arg1 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 8 theme annihilation 1016:1027 arg1 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 8 9 theme @ 1544:1544 arg1 catalysts 1552:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 7 10 from halides 1308:1314 arg1 solution 1341:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 2 11 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 476:483 arg1 catalyst 492:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 3 12 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 639:646 arg1 MMT/CS 648:653 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 639:653 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 639:653 The d001 spacing was enlarged from 1.25nm (MMT) to 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS). 29550425 3 12 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 639:646 arg1 1.94nm 631:636 1.94nm 631:636 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS) 631:654 The d001 spacing was enlarged from 1.25nm (MMT) to 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS). 29550425 8 13 theme catalysts 1552:1560 arg1 efficiency 1509:1518 efficiency 1509:1518 efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1509:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 1 14 theme heterogeneous 188:200 arg1 material 212:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material 175:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 175:321 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 7 15 from alkynes 1320:1326 arg1 solution 1341:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 7 16 theme @ 1230:1230 arg1 catalysts 1238:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 7 16 theme @ 1230:1230 arg1 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 6 17 theme @ 1181:1181 arg1 MMT/CS 1182:1187 Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1172:1187 Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1172:1187 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 7 18 theme prepared 1213:1220 arg1 catalysts 1238:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 7 18 theme prepared 1213:1220 arg1 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 0 19 theme Sonogashira 137:147 arg1 reactions 149:157 Sonogashira reactions 137:157 Sonogashira reactions 137:157 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 5 20 theme High 774:777 arg1 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 20 theme High 774:777 arg1 microscopy 812:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy 774:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 2 21 theme MMT/CS 485:490 arg1 catalyst 492:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 5 22 theme transmission 790:801 arg1 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 22 theme transmission 790:801 arg1 microscopy 812:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy 774:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 1 23 theme solution 339:346 arg1 intercalation 348:360 solution intercalation 339:360 solution intercalation 339:360 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 2 24 theme Cu 450:451 arg1 states 398:403 The valence states 386:403 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 386:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 2 25 theme @ 484:484 arg1 catalyst 492:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 472:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 5 26 theme MMT 991:993 arg1 layers 995:1000 MMT layers 991:1000 MMT layers 991:1000 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 4 27 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 657:664 arg1 catalyst 673:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 28 theme MMT/CS 666:671 arg1 catalyst 673:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 6 29 theme @ 1200:1200 arg1 MMT/CS 1201:1206 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1192:1206 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1192:1206 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 0 30 theme Microstructure 0:13 arg1 performances 29:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances 0:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 0:81 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 1 31 theme montmorillonite/chitosan 279:302 arg1 composite 313:321 montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 279:321 montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 279:321 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 5 32 theme microscopy 812:821 arg1 observation 832:842 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation 774:842 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 0 33 theme catalytic 19:27 arg1 performances 29:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances 0:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 0:81 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 1 34 theme MMT/CS 305:310 arg1 composite 313:321 montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 279:321 montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 279:321 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 2 35 dep Cu 461:462 arg1 mainly 454:459 mainly 454:459 mainly 454:459 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 1 36 dep intercalation 348:360 arg1 methods 377:383 methods 377:383 methods 377:383 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 4 37 theme surface 712:718 arg1 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 37 theme surface 712:718 arg1 area 720:723 specific surface area 703:723 specific surface area (SBET) 703:730 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 8 38 theme species 1399:1405 arg1 leaching 1384:1391 The leaching 1380:1391 The leaching of Cu species 1380:1405 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 8 38 theme species 1399:1405 arg1 quicker 1415:1421 quicker 1415:1421 quicker 1415:1421 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 0 39 theme intercalated 54:65 arg1 montmorillonite 67:81 chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 45:81 chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 45:81 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 5 40 theme @ 859:859 arg1 catalyst 867:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 4 41 theme bigger 696:701 arg1 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 41 theme bigger 696:701 arg1 area 720:723 specific surface area 703:723 specific surface area (SBET) 703:730 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 2 42 theme valence 390:396 arg1 states 398:403 The valence states 386:403 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 386:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 8 43 theme main 1477:1480 arg1 reason 1482:1487 the main reason 1473:1487 the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1473:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 8 43 theme main 1477:1480 arg1 recycling 1446:1454 recycling 1446:1454 recycling 1446:1454 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 7 44 theme H2O/ether 1331:1339 arg1 solution 1341:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 5 45 theme catalyst 867:874 arg1 observation 832:842 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation 774:842 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 1 46 theme Cu2+ 253:256 arg1 cations 258:264 Cu2+ cations 253:264 Cu2+ cations 253:264 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 7 47 theme alkynes 1320:1326 arg1 reactions 1286:1294 the Sonogashira reactions 1270:1294 the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution 1270:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 4 48 theme pore 742:745 arg1 volume 747:752 total pore volume 736:752 total pore volume (Vp) 736:757 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 48 theme pore 742:745 arg1 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 6 49 theme nano 1134:1137 arg1 particles 1139:1147 nano particles 1134:1147 nano particles 1134:1147 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 7 50 theme halides 1308:1314 arg1 reactions 1286:1294 the Sonogashira reactions 1270:1294 the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution 1270:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 6 51 theme lifetime 1029:1036 arg1 spectroscopy 1038:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy 1003:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) 1003:1056 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 51 theme lifetime 1029:1036 arg1 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 51 theme lifetime 1029:1036 arg1 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 2 52 theme photoelectron 529:541 arg1 spectroscopy 543:554 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 523:554 the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization 519:577 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 2 52 theme photoelectron 529:541 arg1 XPS 557:559 XPS 557:559 XPS 557:559 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 6 53 theme positron 1007:1014 arg1 spectroscopy 1038:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy 1003:1049 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) 1003:1056 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 53 theme positron 1007:1014 arg1 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 sensitive 1067:1075 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 53 theme positron 1007:1014 arg1 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 PALS 1052:1055 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 6 54 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 1192:1199 arg1 MMT/CS 1201:1206 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1192:1206 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1192:1206 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 8 55 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 1536:1543 arg1 catalysts 1552:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 1 56 theme efficient 178:186 arg1 material 212:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material 175:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 175:321 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 4 57 theme total 736:740 arg1 volume 747:752 total pore volume 736:752 total pore volume (Vp) 736:757 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 57 theme total 736:740 arg1 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 3 58 theme @ 647:647 arg1 MMT/CS 648:653 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 639:653 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 639:653 The d001 spacing was enlarged from 1.25nm (MMT) to 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS). 29550425 3 58 theme @ 647:647 arg1 1.94nm 631:636 1.94nm 631:636 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS) 631:654 The d001 spacing was enlarged from 1.25nm (MMT) to 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS). 29550425 6 59 theme MMT/CS 1182:1187 arg1 reduction 1159:1167 reduction 1159:1167 reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1159:1206 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 8 60 theme MMT/CS 1545:1550 arg1 catalysts 1552:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1523:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 1 61 theme catalytic 202:210 arg1 material 212:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material 175:219 an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite 175:321 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 7 62 theme MMT/CS 1231:1236 arg1 catalysts 1238:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 7 62 theme MMT/CS 1231:1236 arg1 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 6 63 theme Pd2+/Cu2+ 1172:1180 arg1 MMT/CS 1182:1187 Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1172:1187 Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS 1172:1187 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 7 64 from solution 1341:1348 arg1 reactions 1286:1294 the Sonogashira reactions 1270:1294 the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution 1270:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 2 65 theme catalyst 492:499 arg1 Pd 408:409 Pd 408:409 Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) 408:444 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 2 65 theme catalyst 492:499 arg1 Cu 450:451 Cu 450:451 Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 450:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 7 66 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 1222:1229 arg1 catalysts 1238:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1209:1246 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 7 66 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 1222:1229 arg1 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 active 1259:1264 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 5 67 theme resolution 779:788 arg1 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 67 theme resolution 779:788 arg1 microscopy 812:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy 774:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 4 68 theme pure 764:767 arg1 MMT 769:771 pure MMT 764:771 pure MMT 764:771 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 69 contain had 682:684 arg2 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Vp 755:756 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 69 contain had 682:684 arg2 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 69 contain had 682:684 arg1 catalyst 673:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 69 contain had 682:684 arg2 area 720:723 specific surface area 703:723 specific surface area (SBET) 703:730 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 69 contain had 682:684 arg2 volume 747:752 total pore volume 736:752 total pore volume (Vp) 736:757 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 5 70 theme layers 995:1000 arg1 space 970:974 interlayer space 959:974 interlayer space 959:974 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 70 theme layers 995:1000 arg1 surface 980:986 surface 980:986 surface 980:986 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 7 71 from reactions 1286:1294 arg1 solution 1341:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 H2O/ether solution 1331:1348 The prepared Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts are highly active for the Sonogashira reactions of aromatic halides and alkynes in H2O/ether solution, and can be recycled 6 times. 29550425 5 72 theme interlayer 959:968 arg1 space 970:974 interlayer space 959:974 interlayer space 959:974 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 4 73 theme @ 665:665 arg1 catalyst 673:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 657:680 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 2 74 theme Pd 408:409 arg1 states 398:403 The valence states 386:403 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 386:499 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 5 75 theme electron 803:810 arg1 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 HR-TEM 824:829 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 75 theme electron 803:810 arg1 microscopy 812:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy 774:821 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 774:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 8 76 from decrease 1497:1504 arg1 efficiency 1509:1518 efficiency 1509:1518 efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts 1509:1560 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 0 77 dep palladium 93:101 arg1 catalysts 123:131 catalysts 123:131 catalysts 123:131 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 8 78 theme Cu 1396:1397 arg1 species 1399:1405 Cu species 1396:1405 Cu species 1396:1405 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 0 79 theme chitosan 45:52 arg1 montmorillonite 67:81 chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 45:81 chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 45:81 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 2 80 theme coexisting 434:443 arg1 Pd 417:418 Pd(0) 417:421 Pd(0) 417:421 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 5 81 dep space 970:974 arg1 the 955:957 the 955:957 the 955:957 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 4 82 theme specific 703:710 arg1 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 SBET 726:729 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 4 82 theme specific 703:710 arg1 area 720:723 specific surface area 703:723 specific surface area (SBET) 703:730 Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst had obviously bigger specific surface area (SBET) and total pore volume (Vp) than pure MMT. 29550425 0 83 theme montmorillonite 67:81 arg1 performances 29:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances 0:40 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite 0:81 Microstructure and catalytic performances of chitosan intercalated montmorillonite supported palladium (0) and copper (II) catalysts for Sonogashira reactions. 29550425 2 84 dep Cu 450:451 arg1 Cu 461:462 Cu(II) 461:466 Cu(II) 461:466 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 5 85 theme separated 888:896 arg1 Pd0 898:900 separated Pd0 888:900 separated Pd0 888:900 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 5 86 theme Pd0/Cu2+ 851:858 arg1 catalyst 867:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 6 87 theme microstructure 1084:1097 arg1 changes 1099:1105 the microstructure changes 1080:1105 the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles 1080:1147 The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was very sensitive to the microstructure changes caused by the formation of nano particles Pd0 after reduction of Pd2+/Cu2+@MMT/CS to Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS. 29550425 8 88 theme Pd 1428:1429 arg1 species 1431:1437 Pd species 1428:1437 Pd species 1428:1437 The leaching of Cu species is much quicker than Pd species during recycling, which should be the main reason for the decrease in efficiency of the recycled Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalysts. 29550425 3 89 theme d001 584:587 arg1 spacing 589:595 The d001 spacing 580:595 The d001 spacing 580:595 The d001 spacing was enlarged from 1.25nm (MMT) to 1.94nm (Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS). 29550425 1 90 theme Pd0 231:233 arg1 nanoparticles 235:247 Pd0 nanoparticles 231:247 Pd0 nanoparticles 231:247 In this study, an efficient heterogeneous catalytic material including Pd0 nanoparticles and Cu2+ cations supported on montmorillonite/chitosan (MMT/CS) composite was prepared by solution intercalation and complexion methods. 29550425 5 91 theme MMT/CS 860:865 arg1 catalyst 867:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst 847:874 High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) observation of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst showed that separated Pd0 nanoparticles sized below 3nm dispersed well both in the interlayer space and surface of MMT layers. 29550425 2 92 dep Pd 408:409 arg1 Pd 427:428 Pd 427:428 Pd 427:428 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 29550425 2 92 dep Pd 408:409 arg1 Pd 417:418 Pd(0) 417:421 Pd(0) 417:421 The valence states of Pd (both Pd(0) and Pd(II) coexisting) and Cu (mainly Cu(II)) of the Pd0/Cu2+@MMT/CS catalyst were confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. 31057056 10 0 from differences 1701:1711 arg1 events 1743:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 9 1 theme increased 1534:1542 arg1 number 1544:1549 An increased number 1531:1549 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants 1531:1586 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants was associated with a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006). 31057056 12 2 with anticoagulation 1955:1969 arg1 oxygenation 2000:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 Due to variability in anticoagulation, there is a need to standardize anticoagulation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 5 3 theme therapeutic 813:823 arg1 anticoagulation 825:839 therapeutic anticoagulation 813:839 therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 813:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 7 4 dep bivalirudin 1268:1278 arg1 p = 0.156 1293:1301 p = 0.156 1293:1301 p = 0.156 1293:1301 No significant differences were identified comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.427, p = 0.156) or transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325). 31057056 7 5 theme heparin 1247:1253 arg1 group 1255:1259 the heparin group 1243:1259 the heparin group 1243:1259 No significant differences were identified comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.427, p = 0.156) or transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325). 31057056 5 6 theme time 1035:1038 arg1 % 1030:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% 999:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time 999:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 6 theme time 1035:1038 arg1 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 8 7 theme events 1401:1406 arg1 rate 1384:1387 the rate 1380:1387 the rate of bleeding events 1380:1406 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 10 8 dep CONCLUSION 1676:1685 arg1 were 1693:1696 were 1693:1696 were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens 1693:1796 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 2 9 theme extracorporeal 281:294 arg1 oxygenation 305:315 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 281:315 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 281:315 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 31057056 5 10 theme anticoagulation 1011:1025 arg1 % 1030:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% 999:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time 999:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 10 theme anticoagulation 1011:1025 arg1 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 3 11 theme retrospective 380:392 arg1 study 409:413 This retrospective, single-center study 375:413 study 409:413 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 4 12 theme primary 551:557 arg1 events 596:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 4 12 theme primary 551:557 arg1 outcome 559:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 8 13 theme heparin 1427:1433 arg1 group 1435:1439 the heparin group 1423:1439 the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) 1423:1482 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 10 14 theme bleeding 1734:1741 arg1 events 1743:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 7 15 theme significant 1193:1203 arg1 differences 1205:1215 No significant differences 1190:1215 No significant differences 1190:1215 No significant differences were identified comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.427, p = 0.156) or transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325). 31057056 5 16 from % 909:909 arg1 oxygenation 946:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 17 theme composite 679:687 arg1 complications 698:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 9 18 theme higher 1624:1629 arg1 rate 1631:1634 a statistically higher rate 1608:1634 a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006) 1608:1673 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants was associated with a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006). 31057056 0 19 theme membrane 64:71 arg1 therapy 85:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 0 20 theme anticoagulation 10:24 arg1 strategy 26:33 anticoagulation strategy 10:33 anticoagulation strategy 10:33 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 9 21 theme events 1648:1653 arg1 rate 1631:1634 a statistically higher rate 1608:1634 a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006) 1608:1673 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants was associated with a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006). 31057056 3 22 theme single-center 395:407 arg1 study 409:413 This retrospective, single-center study 375:413 study 409:413 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 5 23 from time 914:917 arg1 oxygenation 946:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 24 theme measured 724:731 arg1 times 766:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times 724:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 724:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 0 25 from Impact 0:5 arg1 therapy 85:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 5 26 theme membrane 880:887 arg1 oxygenation 889:899 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 861:899 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) 861:957 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 27 theme partial 743:749 arg1 times 766:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times 724:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 724:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 3 28 theme 5-year 532:537 arg1 period 539:544 a 5-year period 530:544 a 5-year period 530:544 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 5 29 theme run 901:903 arg1 majority 849:856 the majority 845:856 the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 845:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 30 from oxygenation 946:956 arg1 time 914:917 time 914:917 time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 914:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 30 from oxygenation 946:956 arg1 % 909:909 >50% 906:909 >50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 906:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 0 31 theme agents 39:44 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 0:92 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 4 32 theme thromboembolic 581:594 arg1 events 596:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 4 32 theme thromboembolic 581:594 arg1 outcome 559:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 10 33 theme anticoagulant 1775:1787 arg1 regimens 1789:1796 different anticoagulant regimens 1765:1796 different anticoagulant regimens 1765:1796 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 1 34 theme Extracorporeal 107:120 arg1 oxygenation 131:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mandates balancing the risk of thromboembolic complications with bleeding. 31057056 12 35 from variability 1892:1902 arg1 anticoagulation 1907:1921 anticoagulation 1907:1921 anticoagulation 1907:1921 Due to variability in anticoagulation, there is a need to standardize anticoagulation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 3 36 theme extracorporeal 463:476 arg1 oxygenation 487:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 5 37 theme non-therapeutic 966:980 arg1 anticoagulation 982:996 non-therapeutic anticoagulation 966:996 non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 966:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 38 from times 766:770 arg1 range 780:784 goal range 775:784 goal range 775:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 4 39 theme membrane 629:636 arg1 oxygenation 638:648 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 614:648 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 614:648 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 5 40 theme membrane 937:944 arg1 oxygenation 946:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 12 41 theme extracorporeal 1976:1989 arg1 oxygenation 2000:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 Due to variability in anticoagulation, there is a need to standardize anticoagulation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 2 42 theme pragmatic 239:247 arg1 regimens 265:272 pragmatic anticoagulation regimens 239:272 pragmatic anticoagulation regimens 239:272 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 31057056 8 43 dep group 1435:1439 arg1 p = 0.250 1473:1481 p = 0.250 1473:1481 p = 0.250 1473:1481 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 1 44 theme thromboembolic 174:187 arg1 complications 189:201 thromboembolic complications 174:201 thromboembolic complications 174:201 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mandates balancing the risk of thromboembolic complications with bleeding. 31057056 5 45 dep anticoagulation 982:996 arg1 % 1030:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% 999:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time 999:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 45 dep anticoagulation 982:996 arg1 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 0 46 theme extracorporeal 49:62 arg1 therapy 85:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 5 47 with events 801:806 arg1 anticoagulation 825:839 therapeutic anticoagulation 813:839 therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 813:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 6 48 dep RESULTS 1042:1048 arg1 received 1089:1096 received 1089:1096 received heparin 1089:1104 RESULTS For the primary analysis, 100 patients received heparin, 10 received bivalirudin, and 43 were transitioned between heparin and bivalirudin. 31057056 6 48 dep RESULTS 1042:1048 arg1 transitioned 1144:1155 transitioned 1144:1155 were transitioned between heparin and bivalirudin 1139:1187 RESULTS For the primary analysis, 100 patients received heparin, 10 received bivalirudin, and 43 were transitioned between heparin and bivalirudin. 31057056 6 49 theme primary 1058:1064 arg1 analysis 1066:1073 the primary analysis 1054:1073 the primary analysis 1054:1073 RESULTS For the primary analysis, 100 patients received heparin, 10 received bivalirudin, and 43 were transitioned between heparin and bivalirudin. 31057056 3 50 dep METHODS 367:373 arg1 reviewed 415:422 reviewed 415:422 reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period 415:544 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 5 51 theme comparing 791:799 arg1 events 801:806 comparing events 791:806 comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 791:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 8 52 from differences 1365:1375 arg1 rate 1384:1387 the rate 1380:1387 the rate of bleeding events 1380:1406 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 5 53 theme times 766:770 arg1 percent 713:719 percent 713:719 percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 713:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 53 theme times 766:770 arg1 complications 698:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 53 theme times 766:770 arg1 events 801:806 comparing events 791:806 comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 791:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 2 54 theme bleeding 348:355 arg1 outcomes 357:364 thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes 329:364 thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes 329:364 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 31057056 9 55 theme adjustments 1554:1564 arg1 number 1544:1549 An increased number 1531:1549 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants 1531:1586 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants was associated with a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006). 31057056 10 56 theme thromboembolic 1716:1729 arg1 events 1743:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 thromboembolic or bleeding events 1716:1748 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 5 57 theme goal 775:778 arg1 range 780:784 goal range 775:784 goal range 775:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 8 58 dep group 1500:1504 arg1 RR = 0.742 1507:1516 RR = 0.742 1507:1516 RR = 0.742 1507:1516 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 5 59 with percent 713:719 arg1 anticoagulation 825:839 therapeutic anticoagulation 813:839 therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 813:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 60 theme anticoagulation 982:996 arg1 majority 849:856 the majority 845:856 the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 845:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 61 with complications 698:710 arg1 anticoagulation 825:839 therapeutic anticoagulation 813:839 therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 813:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 8 62 theme bleeding 1392:1399 arg1 events 1401:1406 bleeding events 1392:1406 bleeding events 1392:1406 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 2 63 theme membrane 296:303 arg1 oxygenation 305:315 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 281:315 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 281:315 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 31057056 5 64 theme therapeutic 999:1009 arg1 % 1030:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% 999:1030 therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time 999:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 64 theme therapeutic 999:1009 arg1 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 time 1035:1038 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 65 from percent 713:719 arg1 range 780:784 goal range 775:784 goal range 775:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 66 dep run 901:903 arg1 time 914:917 time 914:917 time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 914:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 66 dep run 901:903 arg1 % 909:909 >50% 906:909 >50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 906:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 7 67 theme transitioned 1307:1318 arg1 group 1320:1324 transitioned group 1307:1324 transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325) 1307:1348 No significant differences were identified comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.427, p = 0.156) or transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325). 31057056 2 68 theme thromboembolic 329:342 arg1 outcomes 357:364 thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes 329:364 thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes 329:364 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 31057056 5 69 theme bleeding 689:696 arg1 complications 698:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 70 from complications 698:710 arg1 range 780:784 goal range 775:784 goal range 775:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 0 71 theme oxygenation 73:83 arg1 therapy 85:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy 49:91 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 3 72 from patients 424:431 arg1 oxygenation 487:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 3 72 from patients 424:431 arg1 venovenous 436:445 venovenous 436:445 venovenous 436:445 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 9 73 theme bleeding 1639:1646 arg1 events 1648:1653 bleeding events 1639:1653 bleeding events per day (p = 0.006) 1639:1673 An increased number of adjustments to the anticoagulants was associated with a statistically higher rate of bleeding events per day (p = 0.006). 31057056 5 74 theme Secondary 651:659 arg1 outcomes 661:668 Secondary outcomes 651:668 Secondary outcomes 651:668 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 1 75 theme complications 189:201 arg1 risk 166:169 the risk 162:169 the risk of thromboembolic complications 162:201 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mandates balancing the risk of thromboembolic complications with bleeding. 31057056 4 76 theme extracorporeal 614:627 arg1 oxygenation 638:648 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 614:648 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 614:648 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 7 77 dep group 1320:1324 arg1 p = 0.325 1339:1347 p = 0.325 1339:1347 p = 0.325 1339:1347 No significant differences were identified comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.427, p = 0.156) or transitioned group (RR = 1.274, p = 0.325). 31057056 5 78 theme extracorporeal 865:878 arg1 oxygenation 889:899 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 861:899 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) 861:957 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 79 theme activated 733:741 arg1 times 766:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times 724:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 724:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 3 80 theme venoarterial 450:461 arg1 oxygenation 487:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 4 81 theme composite 571:579 arg1 events 596:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 composite thromboembolic events 571:601 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 4 81 theme composite 571:579 arg1 outcome 559:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome 547:565 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 5 82 theme oxygenation 889:899 arg1 run 901:903 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run 861:903 the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) 861:957 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 83 theme thromboplastin 751:764 arg1 times 766:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times 724:770 measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 724:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 1 84 theme INTRODUCTION 94:105 arg1 oxygenation 131:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mandates balancing the risk of thromboembolic complications with bleeding. 31057056 8 85 theme transitioned 1487:1498 arg1 group 1500:1504 transitioned group 1487:1504 transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116) 1487:1528 There were no differences in the rate of bleeding events when comparing the heparin group to the bivalirudin (RR = 0.626, p = 0.250) or transitioned group (RR = 0.742, p = 0.116). 31057056 10 86 theme different 1765:1773 arg1 regimens 1789:1796 different anticoagulant regimens 1765:1796 different anticoagulant regimens 1765:1796 CONCLUSION There were no differences in thromboembolic or bleeding events when comparing different anticoagulant regimens. 31057056 0 87 theme strategy 26:33 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 0:92 Impact of anticoagulation strategy and agents on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. 31057056 5 88 from range 780:784 arg1 percent 713:719 percent 713:719 percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range 713:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 88 from range 780:784 arg1 complications 698:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 composite bleeding complications 679:710 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 88 from range 780:784 arg1 events 801:806 comparing events 791:806 comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time) 791:1039 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 1 89 theme membrane 122:129 arg1 oxygenation 131:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 94:141 INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mandates balancing the risk of thromboembolic complications with bleeding. 31057056 3 90 theme membrane 478:485 arg1 oxygenation 487:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 450:497 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 5 91 theme time 914:917 arg1 time 914:917 time 914:917 time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 914:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 91 theme time 914:917 arg1 % 909:909 >50% 906:909 >50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 906:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 3 92 theme 24 hours 516:523 arg1 minimum 505:511 a minimum 503:511 a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period 503:544 METHODS This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients on venovenous or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for a minimum of 24 hours over a 5-year period. 31057056 4 93 theme oxygenation 638:648 arg1 day 607:609 day 607:609 day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 607:648 The primary outcome was composite thromboembolic events per day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 5 94 theme extracorporeal 922:935 arg1 oxygenation 946:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 922:956 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 5 95 from events 801:806 arg1 range 780:784 goal range 775:784 goal range 775:784 Secondary outcomes included composite bleeding complications, percent of measured activated partial thromboplastin times in goal range, and comparing events with therapeutic anticoagulation for the majority of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run (>50% of time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) versus non-therapeutic anticoagulation (therapeutic anticoagulation <50% of time). 31057056 12 96 theme membrane 1991:1998 arg1 oxygenation 2000:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 1976:2010 Due to variability in anticoagulation, there is a need to standardize anticoagulation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 31057056 2 97 theme anticoagulation 249:263 arg1 regimens 265:272 pragmatic anticoagulation regimens 239:272 pragmatic anticoagulation regimens 239:272 We aimed to evaluate pragmatic anticoagulation regimens during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and compare thromboembolic and bleeding outcomes. 29532355 0 0 theme oral 94:97 arg1 system 108:113 a controlled oral delivery system 81:113 a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use 81:149 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 7 1 theme histopathological 1240:1256 arg1 examination 1258:1268 The histopathological examination 1236:1268 The histopathological examination 1236:1268 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 6 2 dep Rats 981:984 arg1 up 969:970 up 969:970 up 969:970 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 3 theme action 1046:1051 arg1 onset 1037:1041 a significant more rapid onset 1012:1041 a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect 1012:1076 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 1 4 theme few 249:251 arg1 drugs 253:257 the few drugs 245:257 the few drugs 245:257 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 0 5 theme controlled 83:92 arg1 system 108:113 a controlled oral delivery system 81:113 a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use 81:149 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 6 dep level 1157:1161 arg1 addition 1106:1113 addition 1106:1113 addition 1106:1113 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 7 theme histopathological 184:200 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 7 theme histopathological 184:200 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 8 dep 24 h 1169:1172 arg1 up 1163:1164 up 1163:1164 up 1163:1164 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 1 9 theme drugs 253:257 arg1 drugs 253:257 the few drugs 245:257 the few drugs 245:257 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 1 9 theme drugs 253:257 arg1 one 238:240 one 238:240 one 238:240 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 4 10 from pectin 581:586 arg1 ratio 597:601 a 3:1 ratio 591:601 a 3:1 ratio 591:601 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 6 11 theme In-vivo 771:777 arg1 studies 779:785 In-vivo studies 771:785 In-vivo studies 771:785 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 12 theme time 954:957 arg1 intervals 959:967 different time intervals 944:967 different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 944:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 13 theme delivery 99:106 arg1 system 108:113 a controlled oral delivery system 81:113 a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use 81:149 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 8 14 theme polyelectrolytes 1457:1472 arg1 effect 1439:1444 more extended effect 1425:1444 more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes 1425:1472 This study proves the higher efficacy and more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes nano-complexes compared to the market product. 29532355 6 15 with rats 817:820 arg1 depression 835:844 induced depression 827:844 induced depression 827:844 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 16 theme different 944:952 arg1 intervals 959:967 different time intervals 944:967 different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 944:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 17 theme citalopram 118:127 arg1 HCl 129:131 citalopram HCl 118:131 citalopram HCl 118:131 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 8 18 theme new 1453:1455 arg1 polyelectrolytes 1457:1472 the new polyelectrolytes 1449:1472 the new polyelectrolytes 1449:1472 This study proves the higher efficacy and more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes nano-complexes compared to the market product. 29532355 4 19 theme drug 629:632 arg1 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 4 19 theme drug 629:632 arg1 pattern 642:648 the most extended drug release pattern 611:648 the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) 611:659 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 1 20 used used 272:275 arg2 drugs 253:257 the few drugs 245:257 the few drugs 245:257 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 1 20 used used 272:275 arg2 one 238:240 one 238:240 one 238:240 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 2 21 theme carbohydrate 450:461 arg1 polymers 463:470 the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers 434:470 the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form 434:493 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 2 22 theme nano-complexes 399:412 arg1 preparation 350:360 the preparation 346:360 the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form 346:493 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 0 23 theme carbohydrate 10:21 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 23 theme carbohydrate 10:21 arg1 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 23 theme carbohydrate 10:21 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 23 theme carbohydrate 10:21 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 24 from investigation 869:881 arg1 intervals 959:967 different time intervals 944:967 different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 944:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 7 25 theme depressed 1340:1348 arg1 rats 1350:1353 the depressed rats 1336:1353 the depressed rats 1336:1353 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 2 26 theme polyelectrolytes 382:397 arg1 nano-complexes 399:412 interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes 365:412 interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) 365:419 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 2 26 theme polyelectrolytes 382:397 arg1 IPNC 415:418 IPNC 415:418 IPNC 415:418 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 0 27 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 27 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 27 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 27 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 28 from intervals 959:967 arg1 changes 933:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes 886:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 886:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 28 from intervals 959:967 arg1 investigation 869:881 the investigation 865:881 the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 865:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 7 29 theme rats 1350:1353 arg1 features 1324:1331 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features 1277:1331 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats 1277:1353 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 1 30 theme Citalopram 215:224 arg1 CH 231:232 CH 231:232 CH 231:232 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 1 30 theme Citalopram 215:224 arg1 HCl 226:228 Citalopram HCl 215:228 Citalopram HCl (CH) 215:233 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 0 31 theme polyelectrolyte 40:54 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 31 theme polyelectrolyte 40:54 arg1 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 31 theme polyelectrolyte 40:54 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 31 theme polyelectrolyte 40:54 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 32 theme changes 933:939 arg1 investigation 869:881 the investigation 865:881 the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 865:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 7 33 theme profound 1279:1286 arg1 amelioration 1288:1299 a profound amelioration 1277:1299 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats 1277:1353 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 6 34 theme rapid 1031:1035 arg1 onset 1037:1041 a significant more rapid onset 1012:1041 a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect 1012:1076 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 35 theme interpenetrating 23:38 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 35 theme interpenetrating 23:38 arg1 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 IPNC 72:75 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 35 theme interpenetrating 23:38 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 35 theme interpenetrating 23:38 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 36 theme histopathological 915:931 arg1 changes 933:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes 886:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 886:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 37 theme HCl 129:131 arg1 system 108:113 a controlled oral delivery system 81:113 a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use 81:149 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 6 38 theme behavioral 1085:1094 arg1 tests 1096:1100 the behavioral tests 1081:1100 the behavioral tests 1081:1100 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 5 39 theme X-rays 738:743 arg1 diffractometry 745:758 X-rays diffractometry 738:758 X-rays diffractometry 738:758 It was characterized using SEM, X-rays diffractometry, and FTIR. 29532355 8 40 theme market 1505:1510 arg1 product 1512:1518 the market product 1501:1518 the market product 1501:1518 This study proves the higher efficacy and more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes nano-complexes compared to the market product. 29532355 6 41 theme induced 827:833 arg1 depression 835:844 induced depression 827:844 induced depression 827:844 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 7 42 theme cortex 1317:1322 arg1 amelioration 1288:1299 a profound amelioration 1277:1299 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats 1277:1353 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 2 43 theme interpenetrating 365:380 arg1 nano-complexes 399:412 interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes 365:412 interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) 365:419 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 2 43 theme interpenetrating 365:380 arg1 IPNC 415:418 IPNC 415:418 IPNC 415:418 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 2 44 theme insoluble 480:488 arg1 form 490:493 an insoluble form 477:493 an insoluble form 477:493 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 1 45 theme childhood 287:295 arg1 disorders 309:317 childhood psychiatric disorders 287:317 childhood psychiatric disorders 287:317 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 0 46 theme pediatric 137:145 arg1 use 147:149 pediatric use 137:149 pediatric use 137:149 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 2 47 theme hydrophilic 438:448 arg1 polymers 463:470 the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers 434:470 the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form 434:493 This study was focused on the preparation of interpenetrating polyelectrolytes nano-complexes (IPNC) to transform the hydrophilic carbohydrate polymers into an insoluble form. 29532355 7 48 theme cerebral 1308:1315 arg1 cortex 1317:1322 the cerebral cortex 1304:1322 the cerebral cortex 1304:1322 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 1 49 theme psychiatric 297:307 arg1 disorders 309:317 childhood psychiatric disorders 287:317 childhood psychiatric disorders 287:317 Citalopram HCl (CH) is one of the few drugs which can be used safely in childhood psychiatric disorders. 29532355 0 50 theme in-vitro/in-vivo 152:167 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 50 theme in-vitro/in-vivo 152:167 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 8 51 theme extended 1430:1437 arg1 effect 1439:1444 more extended effect 1425:1444 more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes 1425:1472 This study proves the higher efficacy and more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes nano-complexes compared to the market product. 29532355 6 52 theme significant 1014:1024 arg1 onset 1037:1041 a significant more rapid onset 1012:1041 a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect 1012:1076 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 53 theme immature 808:815 arg1 rats 817:820 immature rats 808:820 immature rats with induced depression 808:844 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 0 54 dep nano-complexes 56:69 arg1 evaluation 169:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation 152:178 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 54 dep nano-complexes 56:69 arg1 examination 202:212 histopathological examination 184:212 histopathological examination 184:212 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 0 54 dep nano-complexes 56:69 arg1 nano-complexes 56:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes 0:69 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 0:213 Composite carbohydrate interpenetrating polyelectrolyte nano-complexes (IPNC) as a controlled oral delivery system of citalopram HCl for pediatric use: in-vitro/in-vivo evaluation and histopathological examination. 29532355 4 55 theme release 634:640 arg1 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 4 55 theme release 634:640 arg1 pattern 642:648 the most extended drug release pattern 611:648 the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) 611:659 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 6 56 theme behavioral 886:895 arg1 changes 933:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes 886:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 886:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 57 theme market 1209:1214 arg1 P < 0.05 1225:1232 P < 0.05 1225:1232 P < 0.05 1225:1232 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 57 theme market 1209:1214 arg1 product 1216:1222 the market product 1205:1222 the market product (P < 0.05) 1205:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 8 58 theme higher 1405:1410 arg1 efficacy 1412:1419 the higher efficacy 1401:1419 the higher efficacy 1401:1419 This study proves the higher efficacy and more extended effect of the new polyelectrolytes nano-complexes compared to the market product. 29532355 7 59 theme amelioration 1288:1299 arg1 features 1324:1331 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features 1277:1331 a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats 1277:1353 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 4 60 theme kinetics 690:697 arg1 model 699:703 a Higuchi-order kinetics model 674:703 a Higuchi-order kinetics model 674:703 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 6 61 theme extended 1062:1069 arg1 effect 1071:1076 more extended effect 1057:1076 more extended effect 1057:1076 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 7 62 theme IPNC2 1361:1365 arg1 administration 1367:1380 IPNC2 administration 1361:1380 IPNC2 administration 1361:1380 The histopathological examination showed a profound amelioration of the cerebral cortex features of the depressed rats after IPNC2 administration. 29532355 6 63 theme brain 1151:1155 arg1 level 1157:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level 1118:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h 1118:1172 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 4 64 theme Higuchi-order 676:688 arg1 model 699:703 a Higuchi-order kinetics model 674:703 a Higuchi-order kinetics model 674:703 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 6 65 theme effect 1071:1076 arg1 onset 1037:1041 a significant more rapid onset 1012:1041 a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect 1012:1076 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 66 theme serotonin 1141:1149 arg1 level 1157:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level 1118:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h 1118:1172 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 4 67 theme extended 620:627 arg1 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 P < 0.05 651:658 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 4 67 theme extended 620:627 arg1 pattern 642:648 the most extended drug release pattern 611:648 the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) 611:659 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 29532355 6 68 theme 24 h. 975:979 arg1 Rats 981:984 24 h. Rats 975:984 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 975:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 69 theme higher 1134:1139 arg1 level 1157:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level 1118:1161 a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h 1118:1172 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 6 70 theme biochemical 898:908 arg1 changes 933:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes 886:939 behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05) 886:1233 In-vivo studies were performed using immature rats with induced depression, and were based on the investigation of behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological changes at different time intervals up to 24 h. Rats treated with IPNC2 showed a significant more rapid onset of action and more extended effect in the behavioral tests, in addition to a significantly higher serotonin brain level up to 24 h, compared to rats treated with the market product (P < 0.05). 29532355 4 71 theme 3:1 593:595 arg1 ratio 597:601 a 3:1 ratio 591:601 a 3:1 ratio 591:601 The IPNC2 (composed of chitosan:pectin in a 3:1 ratio) showed the most extended drug release pattern (P < 0.05) and followed a Higuchi-order kinetics model. 31493036 2 0 theme sites 376:380 arg1 presence 357:364 the presence 353:364 the presence of active sites 353:380 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 3 1 from pH 584:585 arg1 pH 565:566 pH 5 565:568 pH 5 565:568 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 2 2 theme silica 279:284 arg1 characterization 248:263 The characterization 244:263 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite 244:308 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 8 3 from values 1194:1199 arg1 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 3 from values 1194:1199 arg1 in 1227:1228 ⊿H in 1224:1228 ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1224:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 4 dep adsorption 1320:1329 arg1 involves 1331:1338 involves 1331:1338 involves in the process of adsorption 1331:1367 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 2 5 theme active 369:374 arg1 sites 376:380 active sites 369:380 active sites 369:380 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 8 6 from enthalpy 1214:1221 arg1 values 1194:1199 Negative values 1185:1199 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1185:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 6 7 theme Hg 992:993 arg1 data 973:976 the experimental data 956:976 the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg 956:993 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 6 8 theme Ni 985:986 arg1 data 973:976 the experimental data 956:976 the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg 956:993 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 8 9 theme 18.2 1261:1264 arg1 range 1250:1254 the range 1246:1254 the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption 1246:1367 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 10 theme ⊿H 1224:1225 arg1 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 10 theme ⊿H 1224:1225 arg1 in 1227:1228 ⊿H in 1224:1228 ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1224:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 10 theme ⊿H 1224:1225 arg1 kJ/mol 1231:1236 kJ/mol 1231:1236 kJ/mol 1231:1236 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 0 11 theme nickel 46:51 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 0 12 theme silica 106:111 arg1 composite 117:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 5 13 theme Pb 781:782 arg1 adsorption 784:793 Pb adsorption 781:793 Pb adsorption 781:793 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 0 14 theme chitosan 97:104 arg1 composite 117:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 5 15 theme Ni 751:752 arg1 adsorption 733:742 the adsorption 729:742 the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu 729:759 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 1 16 theme adsorptive 182:191 arg1 experiment 193:202 adsorptive experiment 182:202 adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions 182:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 4 17 theme maximum 636:642 arg1 percent 652:658 maximum removal percent 636:658 maximum removal percent 636:658 The trend of removal by Ch + Sg signifies that maximum removal percent was attained at 120 min. 31493036 5 18 theme Hg 747:748 arg1 adsorption 733:742 the adsorption 729:742 the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu 729:759 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 6 19 theme first 873:877 arg1 order 879:883 pseudo first order 866:883 pseudo first order 866:883 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 7 20 theme J/mol 1163:1167 arg1 K 1169:1169 - 98.52 J/mol K 1155:1169 K 1169:1169 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 0 21 theme gel 113:115 arg1 composite 117:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 chitosan silica gel composite 97:125 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 8 22 theme change 1204:1209 arg1 values 1194:1199 Negative values 1185:1199 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1185:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 7 23 theme change 1069:1074 arg1 values 1059:1064 The values 1055:1064 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg 1055:1121 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 7 23 theme change 1069:1074 arg1 69.33 1129:1133 69.33 1129:1133 69.33 1129:1133 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 1 24 theme heavy 217:221 arg1 solutions 233:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 0 25 theme Adsorptive 0:9 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 2 26 from insight 397:403 arg1 morphology 420:429 the surface morphology 408:429 the surface morphology 408:429 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 6 27 theme R2 894:895 arg1 value 897:901 the R2 value 890:901 the R2 value of 0.986 890:910 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 7 28 from values 1059:1064 arg1 ⊿S 1088:1089 ⊿S 1088:1089 ⊿S 1088:1089 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 7 28 from values 1059:1064 arg1 entropy 1079:1085 entropy 1079:1085 entropy (⊿S) 1079:1090 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 0 29 theme lead 22:25 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 6 30 theme second 928:933 arg1 order 935:939 pseudo second order 921:939 pseudo second order 921:939 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 6 31 theme experimental 960:971 arg1 data 973:976 the experimental data 956:976 the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg 956:993 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 1 32 theme different 207:215 arg1 solutions 233:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 6 33 theme 0.986 906:910 arg1 value 897:901 the R2 value 890:901 the R2 value of 0.986 890:910 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 3 34 theme adsorption 436:445 arg1 study 447:451 The adsorption study 432:451 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite 432:492 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 7 35 from change 1069:1074 arg1 ⊿S 1088:1089 ⊿S 1088:1089 ⊿S 1088:1089 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 7 35 from change 1069:1074 arg1 entropy 1079:1085 entropy 1079:1085 entropy (⊿S) 1079:1090 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 0 36 from water 85:89 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 2 37 theme surface 412:418 arg1 morphology 420:429 the surface morphology 408:429 the surface morphology 408:429 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 3 38 theme percent 516:522 arg1 removal 508:514 maximum removal 500:514 maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6 500:587 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 3 39 theme ions 468:471 arg1 study 447:451 The adsorption study 432:451 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite 432:492 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 8 40 theme physical 1298:1305 arg1 adsorption 1320:1329 both physical and chemical adsorption 1293:1329 both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption 1293:1367 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 6 41 theme Cu 981:982 arg1 data 973:976 the experimental data 956:976 the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg 956:993 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 1 42 theme metal 223:227 arg1 solutions 233:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 0 43 theme mercury 62:68 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 2 44 dep composite 300:308 arg1 Sg 296:297 Sg 296:297 Sg 296:297 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 2 44 dep composite 300:308 arg1 Ch 291:292 Ch 291:292 Ch 291:292 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 8 45 dep 18.2 1261:1264 arg1 37.66 1271:1275 37.66 1271:1275 37.66 1271:1275 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 45 dep 18.2 1261:1264 arg1 to 1266:1267 to 1266:1267 to 1266:1267 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 1 46 theme Silica 128:133 arg1 composite 148:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 1 47 theme ion 229:231 arg1 solutions 233:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 different heavy metal ion solutions 207:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 3 48 theme maximum 500:506 arg1 removal 508:514 maximum removal 500:514 maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6 500:587 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 3 49 theme heavy 456:460 arg1 ions 468:471 heavy metal ions 456:471 heavy metal ions 456:471 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 4 50 theme removal 644:650 arg1 percent 652:658 maximum removal percent 636:658 maximum removal percent 636:658 The trend of removal by Ch + Sg signifies that maximum removal percent was attained at 120 min. 31493036 2 51 theme chitosan 268:275 arg1 characterization 248:263 The characterization 244:263 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite 244:308 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 8 52 from change 1204:1209 arg1 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 enthalpy 1214:1221 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 52 from change 1204:1209 arg1 in 1227:1228 ⊿H in 1224:1228 ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1224:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 1 53 theme solutions 233:241 arg1 experiment 193:202 adsorptive experiment 182:202 adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions 182:241 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 3 54 theme metal 462:466 arg1 ions 468:471 heavy metal ions 456:471 heavy metal ions 456:471 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 5 55 theme Ch 700:701 arg1 surface 689:695 The surface 685:695 The surface of Ch + Sg 685:706 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 5 55 theme Ch 700:701 arg1 heterogeneous 711:723 heterogeneous 711:723 heterogeneous 711:723 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 7 56 from entropy 1079:1085 arg1 values 1059:1064 The values 1055:1064 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg 1055:1121 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 7 56 from entropy 1079:1085 arg1 69.33 1129:1133 69.33 1129:1133 69.33 1129:1133 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 6 57 theme pseudo 921:926 arg1 order 935:939 pseudo second order 921:939 pseudo second order 921:939 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 3 58 theme Sg 481:482 arg1 composite 484:492 Sg composite 481:492 Sg composite 481:492 The adsorption study of heavy metal ions by Ch + Sg composite gives maximum removal percent for Cu, Pb and Ni which were obtained at pH 5 and for Hg at pH 6. 31493036 0 59 dep lead 22:25 arg1 ions 75:78 ions 75:78 ions 75:78 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 6 60 theme pseudo 866:871 arg1 order 879:883 pseudo first order 866:883 pseudo first order 866:883 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 1 61 theme gel 135:137 arg1 composite 148:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 6 62 theme R2 998:999 arg1 values 1001:1006 R2 values 998:1006 R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively 998:1052 The values obtained for Pb signify that its adsorption best fitted to pseudo first order with the R2 value of 0.986, whereas pseudo second order best fitted to the experimental data of Cu, Ni and Hg as R2 values which are 0.983, 0.819 and 0.957 respectively. 31493036 7 63 dep K 1169:1169 arg1 98.52 1157:1161 98.52 1157:1161 98.52 1157:1161 The values of change in entropy (⊿S) obtained for Pb, Cu, Ni and Hg are - 69.33, - 118, - 63.33 and - 98.52 J/mol K respectively. 31493036 5 64 theme Sg 705:706 arg1 surface 689:695 The surface 685:695 The surface of Ch + Sg 685:706 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 5 64 theme Sg 705:706 arg1 heterogeneous 711:723 heterogeneous 711:723 heterogeneous 711:723 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 1 65 theme chitosan 139:146 arg1 composite 148:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite 128:156 Silica gel chitosan composite was prepared to perform adsorptive experiment of different heavy metal ion solutions. 31493036 2 66 theme composite 300:308 arg1 chitosan 268:275 chitosan 268:275 chitosan 268:275 The characterization of chitosan + silica gel (Ch + Sg) composite was done by FTIR and SEM-EDS to understand the presence of active sites and to have an insight on the surface morphology. 31493036 5 67 theme Cu 758:759 arg1 adsorption 733:742 the adsorption 729:742 the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu 729:759 The surface of Ch + Sg is heterogeneous for the adsorption of Hg, Ni and Cu and homogeneous for Pb adsorption. 31493036 8 68 theme Negative 1185:1192 arg1 values 1194:1199 Negative values 1185:1199 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) 1185:1237 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 0 69 theme copper 33:38 arg1 removal 11:17 Adsorptive removal 0:17 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 0:126 Adsorptive removal of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg) ions from water using chitosan silica gel composite. 31493036 4 70 theme removal 602:608 arg1 trend 593:597 The trend 589:597 The trend of removal by Ch + Sg 589:619 The trend of removal by Ch + Sg signifies that maximum removal percent was attained at 120 min. 31493036 8 71 theme adsorption 1358:1367 arg1 process 1347:1353 the process 1343:1353 the process of adsorption 1343:1367 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 31493036 8 72 theme chemical 1311:1318 arg1 adsorption 1320:1329 both physical and chemical adsorption 1293:1329 both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption 1293:1367 Negative values of change in enthalpy, ⊿H in (kJ/mol) are in the range of - 18.2 to - 37.66 which indicates both physical and chemical adsorption involves in the process of adsorption. 30717728 4 0 theme cardio-cerebrovascular 653:674 arg1 complications 676:688 cardio-cerebrovascular complications 653:688 cardio-cerebrovascular complications 653:688 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 7 1 dep amount 1149:1154 arg1 P < 1170:1172 P < 1170:1172 P < 1170:1172 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 7 1 dep amount 1149:1154 arg1 r = - 0.256 1157:1167 r = - 0.256 1157:1167 r = - 0.256 1157:1167 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 8 2 theme 1.248 1284:1288 arg1 odds 1272:1275 odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001 1272:1320 odds 1272:1275 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 2 theme 1.248 1284:1288 arg1 hour 1266:1269 hour 1266:1269 hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) 1266:1321 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 1 3 theme intraoperative 197:210 arg1 optimization 218:229 intraoperative fluid optimization 197:229 intraoperative fluid optimization 197:229 BACKGROUND To improve prognosis after esophageal surgery, intraoperative fluid optimization is important. 30717728 8 4 theme 95 1291:1292 arg1 % 1293:1293 % 1293:1293 % 1293:1293 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 5 theme HES-to-crystalloid 1327:1344 arg1 ratio 1346:1350 HES-to-crystalloid ratio 1327:1350 HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) 1327:1402 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 0 6 theme cohort 125:130 arg1 study 132:136 a retrospective cohort study 109:136 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 0:137 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 7 7 theme total 1128:1132 arg1 amount 1149:1154 the total fluid infusion amount 1124:1154 the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1124:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 9 8 theme total 1546:1550 arg1 amount 1567:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 8 9 theme 1.153-1.351 1299:1309 arg1 CI 1295:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 9 10 theme infusion 1558:1565 arg1 amount 1567:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 2 11 theme hydroxyethyl 274:285 arg1 starch 287:292 hydroxyethyl starch 274:292 hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy 274:328 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 7 12 theme negative 1097:1104 arg1 relationship 1106:1117 a negative relationship 1095:1117 a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1095:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 8 13 theme 95 1372:1373 arg1 % 1374:1374 % 1374:1374 % 1374:1374 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 7 14 with relationship 1106:1117 arg1 amount 1149:1154 the total fluid infusion amount 1124:1154 the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1124:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 5 15 theme composite 877:885 arg1 complication 887:898 composite complication 877:898 composite complication 877:898 The relationship between perioperative variables and composite complication was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. 30717728 7 16 theme total 1079:1083 arg1 fluid 1085:1089 total fluid 1079:1089 total fluid 1079:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 0 17 from Effect 0:5 arg1 outcomes 99:106 postoperative outcomes 85:106 postoperative outcomes 85:106 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 8 18 theme 1.521-2.969 1380:1390 arg1 CI 1376:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 9 19 theme intravenous 1612:1622 arg1 infusion 1644:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 2 20 theme complication 424:435 arg1 occurrence 437:446 postoperative complication occurrence 410:446 postoperative complication occurrence 410:446 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 7 21 theme hydroxyethyl 1050:1061 arg1 starch 1063:1068 higher hydroxyethyl starch 1043:1068 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid 1039:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 9 22 theme starch 1637:1642 arg1 infusion 1644:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 5 23 theme logistic 934:941 arg1 regression 943:952 multivariable logistic regression 920:952 multivariable logistic regression 920:952 The relationship between perioperative variables and composite complication was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. 30717728 0 24 theme restrictive 10:20 arg1 therapy 28:34 restrictive fluid therapy 10:34 restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy 10:80 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 7 25 from ratio 1070:1074 arg1 fluid 1085:1089 total fluid 1079:1089 total fluid 1079:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 4 26 theme composite 612:620 arg1 complications 622:634 composite complications 612:634 composite complications 612:634 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 8 27 theme increased 1425:1433 arg1 risks 1435:1439 increased risks 1425:1439 increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes 1425:1475 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 0 28 theme therapy 28:34 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 0:137 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 8 29 theme multivariable 1185:1197 arg1 analysis 1199:1206 multivariable analysis 1185:1206 multivariable analysis 1185:1206 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 9 30 theme increasing 1675:1684 arg1 risk 1686:1689 an increasing risk 1672:1689 an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications 1672:1730 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 4 31 theme primary 573:579 arg1 outcome 581:587 The primary outcome 569:587 The primary outcome 569:587 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 4 31 theme primary 573:579 arg1 development 597:607 the development 593:607 the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure 593:821 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 9 32 dep CONCLUSIONS 1478:1488 arg1 reduces 1534:1540 reduces 1534:1540 reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer 1534:1609 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 0 33 theme hydroxyethyl 41:52 arg1 starch 54:59 hydroxyethyl starch 41:59 hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy 41:80 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 6 34 theme patients 970:977 arg1 RESULTS 955:961 RESULTS 955:961 RESULTS Of 892 patients 955:977 RESULTS Of 892 patients analyzed, composite complications developed in 271 (30.4%). 30717728 8 35 theme composite 1458:1466 arg1 outcomes 1468:1475 postoperative composite outcomes 1444:1475 postoperative composite outcomes 1444:1475 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 2 36 theme infused 363:369 arg1 amount 347:352 the total amount 337:352 the total amount of fluid infused 337:369 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 2 36 theme infused 363:369 arg1 infused 363:369 fluid infused 357:369 fluid infused 357:369 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 8 37 theme administered 1226:1237 arg1 fluid 1245:1249 intraoperatively administered total fluid 1209:1249 intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) 1209:1402 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 9 38 theme composite 1708:1716 arg1 complications 1718:1730 postoperative composite complications 1694:1730 postoperative composite complications 1694:1730 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 2 39 theme positive 391:398 arg1 effect 400:405 a positive effect 389:405 a positive effect 389:405 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 0 40 dep Effect 0:5 arg1 study 132:136 a retrospective cohort study 109:136 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 0:137 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 4 41 theme respiratory 691:701 arg1 complications 703:715 respiratory complications 691:715 respiratory complications 691:715 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 0 42 with therapy 28:34 arg1 starch 54:59 hydroxyethyl starch 41:59 hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy 41:80 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 1 43 theme esophageal 177:186 arg1 surgery 188:194 esophageal surgery 177:194 esophageal surgery 177:194 BACKGROUND To improve prognosis after esophageal surgery, intraoperative fluid optimization is important. 30717728 4 44 theme gastrointestinal 739:754 arg1 complications 756:768 gastrointestinal complications 739:768 gastrointestinal complications 739:768 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 9 45 theme hydroxyethyl 1499:1510 arg1 starch 1512:1517 hydroxyethyl starch 1499:1517 hydroxyethyl starch administration 1499:1532 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 2 46 theme total 341:345 arg1 amount 347:352 the total amount 337:352 the total amount of fluid infused 337:369 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 2 46 theme total 341:345 arg1 infused 363:369 fluid infused 357:369 fluid infused 357:369 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 1 47 theme fluid 212:216 arg1 optimization 218:229 intraoperative fluid optimization 197:229 intraoperative fluid optimization 197:229 BACKGROUND To improve prognosis after esophageal surgery, intraoperative fluid optimization is important. 30717728 9 48 theme starch 1512:1517 arg1 administration 1519:1532 hydroxyethyl starch administration 1499:1532 hydroxyethyl starch administration 1499:1532 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 8 49 theme % 1293:1293 arg1 CI 1295:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 7 50 theme fluid 1134:1138 arg1 amount 1149:1154 the total fluid infusion amount 1124:1154 the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1124:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 9 51 theme fluid 1552:1556 arg1 amount 1567:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 the total fluid infusion amount 1542:1572 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 8 52 theme odds 1353:1356 arg1 2.125 1365:1369 2.125 1365:1369 2.125 1365:1369 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 52 theme odds 1353:1356 arg1 ratio 1358:1362 odds ratio 1353:1362 odds ratio 1353:1362 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 7 53 theme infusion 1140:1147 arg1 amount 1149:1154 the total fluid infusion amount 1124:1154 the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1124:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 2 54 theme starch 287:292 arg1 administration 294:307 hydroxyethyl starch administration 274:307 hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy 274:328 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 4 55 theme multi-organ 803:813 arg1 failure 815:821 multi-organ failure 803:821 multi-organ failure 803:821 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 3 56 theme esophageal 525:534 arg1 surgery 536:542 elective esophageal surgery 516:542 elective esophageal surgery for cancer 516:553 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer were studied. 30717728 5 57 theme perioperative 849:861 arg1 variables 863:871 perioperative variables 849:871 perioperative variables 849:871 The relationship between perioperative variables and composite complication was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. 30717728 4 58 theme renal 718:722 arg1 complications 724:736 renal complications 718:736 renal complications 718:736 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 9 59 theme esophageal 1581:1590 arg1 surgery 1592:1598 esophageal surgery 1581:1598 esophageal surgery for cancer 1581:1609 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 0 60 theme postoperative 85:97 arg1 outcomes 99:106 postoperative outcomes 85:106 postoperative outcomes 85:106 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 8 61 dep odds 1272:1275 arg1 CI 1295:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 95% CI 1291:1296 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 61 dep odds 1272:1275 arg1 P < 1312:1314 P < 1312:1314 P < 1312:1314 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 61 dep odds 1272:1275 arg1 ratio 1277:1281 ratio 1277:1281 ratio 1277:1281 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 62 theme % 1374:1374 arg1 CI 1376:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 63 dep ratio 1346:1350 arg1 2.125 1365:1369 2.125 1365:1369 2.125 1365:1369 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 63 dep ratio 1346:1350 arg1 ratio 1358:1362 odds ratio 1353:1362 odds ratio 1353:1362 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 0 64 theme retrospective 111:123 arg1 study 132:136 a retrospective cohort study 109:136 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 0:137 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 2 65 contain have 384:387 arg2 effect 400:405 a positive effect 389:405 a positive effect 389:405 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 2 65 contain have 384:387 arg1 it 375:376 it 375:376 it 375:376 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 9 66 theme hydroxyethyl 1624:1635 arg1 infusion 1644:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion 1612:1651 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 2 67 theme postoperative 410:422 arg1 occurrence 437:446 postoperative complication occurrence 410:446 postoperative complication occurrence 410:446 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 5 68 theme multivariable 920:932 arg1 regression 943:952 multivariable logistic regression 920:952 multivariable logistic regression 920:952 The relationship between perioperative variables and composite complication was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. 30717728 7 69 theme starch 1063:1068 arg1 ratio 1070:1074 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio 1039:1074 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid 1039:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 0 70 theme fluid 22:26 arg1 therapy 28:34 restrictive fluid therapy 10:34 restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy 10:80 Effect of restrictive fluid therapy with hydroxyethyl starch during esophagectomy on postoperative outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. 30717728 9 71 theme complications 1718:1730 arg1 risk 1686:1689 an increasing risk 1672:1689 an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications 1672:1730 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 7 72 theme higher 1043:1048 arg1 starch 1063:1068 higher hydroxyethyl starch 1043:1068 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid 1039:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 4 73 theme complications 622:634 arg1 outcome 581:587 The primary outcome 569:587 The primary outcome 569:587 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 4 73 theme complications 622:634 arg1 development 597:607 the development 593:607 the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure 593:821 The primary outcome was the development of composite complications including death, cardio-cerebrovascular complications, respiratory complications, renal complications, gastrointestinal complications, sepsis, empyema or abscess, and multi-organ failure. 30717728 3 74 theme elective 516:523 arg1 surgery 536:542 elective esophageal surgery 516:542 elective esophageal surgery for cancer 516:553 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer were studied. 30717728 6 75 theme composite 989:997 arg1 complications 999:1011 composite complications 989:1011 composite complications developed in 271 (30.4%) 989:1036 RESULTS Of 892 patients analyzed, composite complications developed in 271 (30.4%). 30717728 3 76 dep METHODS 463:469 arg1 patients 493:500 All consecutive adult patients 471:500 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer 463:553 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer were studied. 30717728 3 77 theme consecutive 475:485 arg1 patients 493:500 All consecutive adult patients 471:500 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer 463:553 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer were studied. 30717728 8 78 theme total 1239:1243 arg1 fluid 1245:1249 intraoperatively administered total fluid 1209:1249 intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) 1209:1402 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 9 79 theme postoperative 1694:1706 arg1 complications 1718:1730 postoperative composite complications 1694:1730 postoperative composite complications 1694:1730 CONCLUSIONS Although hydroxyethyl starch administration reduces the total fluid infusion amount during esophageal surgery for cancer, intravenous hydroxyethyl starch infusion is associated with an increasing risk of postoperative composite complications. 30717728 8 80 theme postoperative 1444:1456 arg1 outcomes 1468:1475 postoperative composite outcomes 1444:1475 postoperative composite outcomes 1444:1475 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 2 81 theme fluid 357:361 arg1 infused 363:369 fluid infused 357:369 fluid infused 357:369 Herein, we hypothesized that hydroxyethyl starch administration during esophagectomy reduce the total amount of fluid infused and it could have a positive effect on postoperative complication occurrence and mortality. 30717728 8 82 dep ratio 1358:1362 arg1 P < 1393:1395 P < 1393:1395 P < 1393:1395 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 8 82 dep ratio 1358:1362 arg1 CI 1376:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 95% CI 1372:1377 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30717728 3 83 theme adult 487:491 arg1 patients 493:500 All consecutive adult patients 471:500 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer 463:553 METHODS All consecutive adult patients who underwent elective esophageal surgery for cancer were studied. 30717728 7 84 contain had 1091:1093 arg2 relationship 1106:1117 a negative relationship 1095:1117 a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001) 1095:1179 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 7 84 contain had 1091:1093 arg1 ratio 1070:1074 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio 1039:1074 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid 1039:1089 The higher hydroxyethyl starch ratio in total fluid had a negative relationship with the total fluid infusion amount (r = - 0.256, P < 0.001). 30717728 8 85 theme outcomes 1468:1475 arg1 risks 1435:1439 increased risks 1425:1439 increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes 1425:1475 In multivariable analysis, intraoperatively administered total fluid per weight per hour (odds ratio, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.153-1.351; P < 0.001) and HES-to-crystalloid ratio (odds ratio, 2.125; 95% CI, 1.521-2.969; P < 0.001) were associated with increased risks of postoperative composite outcomes. 30813026 9 0 theme ascorbic 1775:1782 arg1 acid 1784:1787 ascorbic acid 1775:1787 ascorbic acid 1775:1787 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 1 1 theme chemical 289:296 arg1 sciences 298:305 the physical and chemical sciences 272:305 the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features 272:406 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 7 2 theme composite 1239:1247 arg1 electrode 1258:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 1 3 theme due 307:309 arg1 sciences 298:305 the physical and chemical sciences 272:305 the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features 272:406 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 5 4 theme composite 997:1005 arg1 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 4 theme composite 997:1005 arg1 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 8 5 theme optimized 1370:1378 arg1 conditions 1380:1389 optimized conditions 1370:1389 optimized conditions 1370:1389 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 1 6 theme functional 209:218 arg1 nanomaterials 220:232 novel functional nanomaterials 203:232 novel functional nanomaterials 203:232 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 4 7 theme Fourier-transform 928:944 arg1 spectroscopy 955:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 7 theme Fourier-transform 928:944 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 10 8 dep injections 1921:1930 arg1 the 1903:1905 the 1903:1905 the 1903:1905 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 7 9 theme CV 1197:1198 arg1 results 1200:1206 The CV results 1193:1206 The CV results 1193:1206 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 10 10 theme DA 1897:1898 arg1 detection 1884:1892 the real-time detection 1870:1892 the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples 1870:1954 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 9 11 theme promising 1587:1595 arg1 features 1597:1604 promising features 1587:1604 promising features 1587:1604 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 8 12 dep 196.3 μM 1498:1505 arg1 to 1495:1496 to 1495:1496 to 1495:1496 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 8 13 theme GO-CMF/PdSPs 1396:1407 arg1 sensor 1419:1424 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor 1392:1424 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor 1392:1424 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 0 14 theme cellulose 20:28 arg1 microfibers 30:40 cellulose microfibers 20:40 cellulose microfibers 20:40 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 1 15 theme significant 247:257 arg1 attention 259:267 significant attention 247:267 significant attention 247:267 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 5 16 theme modified 1007:1014 arg1 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 16 theme modified 1007:1014 arg1 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 10 17 theme DA 1918:1919 arg1 injections 1921:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 9 18 theme reliable 1618:1625 arg1 detection 1641:1649 the reliable and selective detection 1614:1649 the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers 1614:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 4 19 theme transmission 793:804 arg1 spectroscopy 891:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 19 theme transmission 793:804 arg1 spectroscopy 911:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 19 theme transmission 793:804 arg1 microscopy 861:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 19 theme transmission 793:804 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 19 theme transmission 793:804 arg1 spectroscopy 955:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 8 20 with range 1480:1484 arg1 limit 1532:1536 the lower detection limit 1512:1536 the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1512:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 9 21 theme selective 1631:1639 arg1 detection 1641:1649 the reliable and selective detection 1614:1649 the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers 1614:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 7 22 theme modified 1349:1356 arg1 GCEs 1358:1361 GO-CMF modified GCEs 1342:1361 GO-CMF modified GCEs 1342:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 10 23 theme serum 1942:1946 arg1 samples 1948:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 6 24 theme DA 1141:1142 arg1 behaviors 1128:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors 1102:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA 1102:1142 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). 30813026 1 25 theme cost-effective 175:188 arg1 synthesis 190:198 The cost-effective synthesis 171:198 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials 171:232 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 4 26 theme electron 852:859 arg1 microscopy 861:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 26 theme electron 852:859 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 0 27 theme selective 97:105 arg1 detection 107:115 selective detection 97:115 selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples 97:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 1 28 theme morphological 385:397 arg1 features 399:406 unique morphological features 378:406 unique morphological features 378:406 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 6 29 theme electrochemical 1106:1120 arg1 behaviors 1128:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors 1102:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA 1102:1142 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). 30813026 2 30 theme composite 561:569 arg1 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 30 theme composite 561:569 arg1 microfiber 541:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber 516:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time 516:588 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 31 theme facile 430:435 arg1 synthesis 454:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis 428:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) 428:511 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 0 32 theme graphene 78:85 arg1 oxide 87:91 graphene oxide 78:91 graphene oxide 78:91 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 0 33 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 synthesis 7:15 Facile synthesis 0:15 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers 0:40 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 2 34 theme palladium 480:488 arg1 nanostructures 490:503 spindle-like palladium nanostructures 467:503 spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) 467:511 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 34 theme palladium 480:488 arg1 PdSPs 506:510 PdSPs 506:510 PdSPs 506:510 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 4 35 theme high-resolution 827:841 arg1 microscopy 861:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 35 theme high-resolution 827:841 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 7 36 theme current 1300:1306 arg1 response 1308:1315 enhanced oxidation current response 1281:1315 enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs 1281:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 1 37 theme improved 320:327 arg1 area 337:340 their improved surface area 314:340 their improved surface area 314:340 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 9 38 theme high 1709:1712 arg1 selectivity 1714:1724 high selectivity 1709:1724 high selectivity 1709:1724 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 2 39 theme graphene 516:523 arg1 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 39 theme graphene 516:523 arg1 microfiber 541:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber 516:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time 516:588 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 1 40 dep along 367:371 arg1 with 373:376 with 373:376 with 373:376 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 3 41 theme capping 709:715 arg1 agents 717:722 capping agents 709:722 capping agents 709:722 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 2 42 theme eco-friendly 441:452 arg1 synthesis 454:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis 428:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) 428:511 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 7 43 theme enhanced 1281:1288 arg1 response 1308:1315 enhanced oxidation current response 1281:1315 enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs 1281:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 0 44 theme microfibers 30:40 arg1 synthesis 7:15 Facile synthesis 0:15 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers 0:40 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 6 45 theme cyclic 1168:1173 arg1 CV 1188:1189 CV 1188:1189 CV 1188:1189 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). 30813026 6 45 theme cyclic 1168:1173 arg1 voltammetry 1175:1185 cyclic voltammetry 1168:1185 cyclic voltammetry (CV) 1168:1190 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). 30813026 3 46 theme surfactants 693:703 arg1 use 675:677 the use 671:677 the use of additional surfactants and capping agents 671:722 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 8 47 theme detection 1522:1530 arg1 limit 1532:1536 the lower detection limit 1512:1536 the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1512:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 0 48 theme palladium 52:60 arg1 nanospindles 62:73 palladium nanospindles 52:73 palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples 52:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 1 49 theme high 343:346 arg1 activity 358:365 high catalytic activity 343:365 high catalytic activity 343:365 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 4 50 theme diffraction 879:889 arg1 spectroscopy 891:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 50 theme diffraction 879:889 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 9 51 theme nanocomposite 1552:1564 arg1 electrode 1566:1574 The nanocomposite electrode 1548:1574 The nanocomposite electrode 1548:1574 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 7 52 theme modified 1249:1256 arg1 electrode 1258:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 7 53 theme GO-CMF/PdSPs 1226:1237 arg1 electrode 1258:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 7 54 contain has 1268:1270 arg2 10 1272:1273 10 1272:1273 10 1272:1273 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 7 54 contain has 1268:1270 arg1 electrode 1258:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 1222:1266 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 9 55 theme uric 1790:1793 arg1 acid 1795:1798 uric acid 1790:1798 uric acid 1790:1798 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 10 56 theme real-time 1874:1882 arg1 detection 1884:1892 the real-time detection 1870:1892 the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples 1870:1954 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 4 57 theme synthesized 729:739 arg1 materials 741:749 The synthesized materials 725:749 The synthesized materials 725:749 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 5 58 theme GO-CMF/PdSPs 984:995 arg1 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 58 theme GO-CMF/PdSPs 984:995 arg1 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 4 59 theme infrared 946:953 arg1 spectroscopy 955:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 59 theme infrared 946:953 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 10 60 theme commercial 1907:1916 arg1 injections 1921:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 1 61 theme novel 203:207 arg1 nanomaterials 220:232 novel functional nanomaterials 203:232 novel functional nanomaterials 203:232 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 9 62 theme dihydroxybenzene 1805:1820 arg1 isomers 1822:1828 dihydroxybenzene isomers 1805:1828 dihydroxybenzene isomers 1805:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 0 63 theme pharmaceutical 132:145 arg1 samples 162:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 3 64 theme GO-CMF/PdSPs 595:606 arg1 composite 608:616 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite 591:616 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite 591:616 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 1 65 theme nanomaterials 220:232 arg1 synthesis 190:198 The cost-effective synthesis 171:198 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials 171:232 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 0 66 theme biological 151:160 arg1 samples 162:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 3 67 theme electrochemical 640:654 arg1 method 656:661 an electrochemical method 637:661 an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents 637:722 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 2 68 theme first 579:583 arg1 time 585:588 the first time 575:588 the first time 575:588 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 5 69 used used 1030:1033 arg2 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 69 used used 1030:1033 arg2 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 70 theme selective 1040:1048 arg1 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 70 theme selective 1040:1048 arg1 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 8 71 theme composite 1409:1417 arg1 sensor 1419:1424 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor 1392:1424 the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor 1392:1424 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 0 72 from detection 107:115 arg1 samples 162:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 pharmaceutical and biological samples 132:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 7 73 theme GO-CMF 1342:1347 arg1 GCEs 1358:1361 GO-CMF modified GCEs 1342:1361 GO-CMF modified GCEs 1342:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 10 74 from detection 1884:1892 arg1 samples 1948:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 10 74 from detection 1884:1892 arg1 injections 1921:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 commercial DA injections 1907:1930 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 8 75 theme linear 1437:1442 arg1 response 1444:1451 a linear response 1435:1451 a linear response to DA 1435:1457 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 9 76 theme DA 1654:1655 arg1 detection 1641:1649 the reliable and selective detection 1614:1649 the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers 1614:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 2 77 theme oxide-cellulose 525:539 arg1 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 GO-CMF 553:558 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 77 theme oxide-cellulose 525:539 arg1 microfiber 541:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber 516:550 graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time 516:588 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 1 78 theme unique 378:383 arg1 features 399:406 unique morphological features 378:406 unique morphological features 378:406 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 6 79 theme redox 1122:1126 arg1 behaviors 1128:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors 1102:1136 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA 1102:1142 The electrochemical redox behaviors of DA were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV). 30813026 0 80 from nanospindles 62:73 arg1 oxide 87:91 graphene oxide 78:91 graphene oxide 78:91 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 4 81 theme scanning 843:850 arg1 microscopy 861:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 81 theme scanning 843:850 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 0 82 theme dopamine 120:127 arg1 detection 107:115 selective detection 97:115 selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples 97:168 Facile synthesis of cellulose microfibers supported palladium nanospindles on graphene oxide for selective detection of dopamine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. 30813026 9 83 theme high 1673:1676 arg1 stability 1678:1686 high stability 1673:1686 high stability 1673:1686 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 7 84 dep 10 1272:1273 arg1 folds 1275:1279 folds 1275:1279 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs 1275:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 8 85 theme concentration 1466:1478 arg1 range 1480:1484 the concentration range 1462:1484 the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1462:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 2 86 theme nanostructures 490:503 arg1 synthesis 454:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis 428:462 a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) 428:511 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 4 87 theme electron 806:813 arg1 spectroscopy 891:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 87 theme electron 806:813 arg1 spectroscopy 911:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 87 theme electron 806:813 arg1 microscopy 861:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 high-resolution scanning electron microscopy 827:870 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 87 theme electron 806:813 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 87 theme electron 806:813 arg1 spectroscopy 955:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 928:966 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 7 88 theme oxidation 1290:1298 arg1 response 1308:1315 enhanced oxidation current response 1281:1315 enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs 1281:1361 The CV results revealed that the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode has 10 folds enhanced oxidation current response to DA than GO, PdSPs and GO-CMF modified GCEs. 30813026 5 89 theme dopamine 1087:1094 arg1 oxidation 1074:1082 the oxidation 1070:1082 the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1070:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 10 90 theme human 1936:1940 arg1 samples 1948:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 human serum samples 1936:1954 The sensor was successfully tested for the real-time detection of DA in the commercial DA injections and human serum samples. 30813026 2 91 theme spindle-like 467:478 arg1 nanostructures 490:503 spindle-like palladium nanostructures 467:503 spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) 467:511 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 2 91 theme spindle-like 467:478 arg1 PdSPs 506:510 PdSPs 506:510 PdSPs 506:510 This paper reports a facile and eco-friendly synthesis of spindle-like palladium nanostructures (PdSPs) on graphene oxide-cellulose microfiber (GO-CMF) composite for the first time. 30813026 1 92 theme surface 329:335 arg1 area 337:340 their improved surface area 314:340 their improved surface area 314:340 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 3 93 theme additional 682:691 arg1 surfactants 693:703 additional surfactants 682:703 additional surfactants 682:703 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 4 94 theme Raman 905:909 arg1 spectroscopy 911:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 Raman spectroscopy 905:922 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 94 theme Raman 905:909 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 8 95 theme lower 1516:1520 arg1 limit 1532:1536 the lower detection limit 1512:1536 the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1512:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 1 96 theme catalytic 348:356 arg1 activity 358:365 high catalytic activity 343:365 high catalytic activity 343:365 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 30813026 9 97 theme interfering 1747:1757 arg1 species 1759:1765 the commonly interfering species 1734:1765 the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers 1734:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 9 97 theme interfering 1747:1757 arg1 isomers 1822:1828 dihydroxybenzene isomers 1805:1828 dihydroxybenzene isomers 1805:1828 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 9 97 theme interfering 1747:1757 arg1 acid 1784:1787 ascorbic acid 1775:1787 ascorbic acid 1775:1787 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 9 97 theme interfering 1747:1757 arg1 acid 1795:1798 uric acid 1790:1798 uric acid 1790:1798 The nanocomposite electrode also shows promising features towards the reliable and selective detection of DA, which includes high stability, reproducibility and high selectivity towards the commonly interfering species such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dihydroxybenzene isomers. 30813026 3 98 theme agents 717:722 arg1 use 675:677 the use 671:677 the use of additional surfactants and capping agents 671:722 The GO-CMF/PdSPs composite was synthesized by an electrochemical method without the use of additional surfactants and capping agents. 30813026 4 99 theme X-ray 873:877 arg1 spectroscopy 891:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 873:902 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 4 99 theme X-ray 873:877 arg1 microscopy 815:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 transmission electron microscopy 793:824 The synthesized materials were characterized and confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. 30813026 5 100 theme As-synthesized 969:982 arg1 electrocatalyst 1050:1064 a selective electrocatalyst 1038:1064 a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA) 1038:1099 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 5 100 theme As-synthesized 969:982 arg1 electrode 1016:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode 969:1024 As-synthesized GO-CMF/PdSPs composite modified electrode was used as a selective electrocatalyst for the oxidation of dopamine (DA). 30813026 8 101 theme 23 nM 1541:1545 arg1 limit 1532:1536 the lower detection limit 1512:1536 the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1512:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 8 102 from 196.3 μM 1498:1505 arg1 range 1480:1484 the concentration range 1462:1484 the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM 1462:1545 Under optimized conditions, the GO-CMF/PdSPs composite sensor exhibits a linear response to DA in the concentration range from 0.3 to 196.3 μM with the lower detection limit of 23 nM. 30813026 1 103 theme physical 276:283 arg1 sciences 298:305 the physical and chemical sciences 272:305 the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features 272:406 The cost-effective synthesis of novel functional nanomaterials has received significant attention in the physical and chemical sciences due to their improved surface area, high catalytic activity along with unique morphological features. 29360239 0 0 theme Composite 86:94 arg1 Layers 100:105 Composite Gel Layers 86:105 Composite Gel Layers 86:105 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 6 1 theme bond 1284:1287 arg1 strength 1289:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 1 theme bond 1284:1287 arg1 hydrogels 1258:1266 the hydrogels 1254:1266 the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength) 1254:1297 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 1 2 theme layer-by-layer 171:184 arg1 bonding 195:201 layer-by-layer adhesive bonding 171:201 layer-by-layer adhesive bonding 171:201 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 8 3 theme 3D 1496:1497 arg1 applications 1518:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 6 4 theme mN 1281:1282 arg1 strength 1289:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 4 theme mN 1281:1282 arg1 hydrogels 1258:1266 the hydrogels 1254:1266 the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength) 1254:1297 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 5 theme smaller 1127:1133 arg1 microchannels 1135:1147 smaller microchannels 1127:1147 smaller microchannels 1127:1147 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 1 6 theme adhesive 186:193 arg1 bonding 195:201 layer-by-layer adhesive bonding 171:201 layer-by-layer adhesive bonding 171:201 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 6 7 attach attach 1211:1216 arg2 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 7 attach attach 1211:1216 arg1 strength 1289:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 7 attach attach 1211:1216 arg1 hydrogels 1258:1266 the hydrogels 1254:1266 the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength) 1254:1297 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 8 theme 2.12 1276:1279 arg1 strength 1289:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 8 theme 2.12 1276:1279 arg1 hydrogels 1258:1266 the hydrogels 1254:1266 the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength) 1254:1297 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 4 9 theme 150 821:823 arg1 µm-1 825:828 µm-1 825:828 µm-1 825:828 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 10 dep multilayered 737:748 arg1 heterogeneous 751:763 heterogeneous 751:763 heterogeneous 751:763 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 1 11 theme integrated 304:313 arg1 networks 324:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 0 12 theme Gel 96:98 arg1 Layers 100:105 Composite Gel Layers 86:105 Composite Gel Layers 86:105 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 8 13 theme engineering 1506:1516 arg1 applications 1518:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 3 14 theme strong 595:600 arg1 kPa 623:625 0.39 ± 0.03 kPa 611:625 0.39 ± 0.03 kPa 611:625 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 3 14 theme strong 595:600 arg1 bonding 602:608 strong bonding 595:608 strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen 595:690 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 6 15 theme ± 1274:1274 arg1 strength 1289:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength 1269:1296 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 6 15 theme ± 1274:1274 arg1 hydrogels 1258:1266 the hydrogels 1254:1266 the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength) 1254:1297 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 2 16 theme effective 403:411 arg1 adhesives 413:421 effective adhesives 403:421 effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion 403:455 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 1 17 theme vascular 315:322 arg1 networks 324:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 0 18 theme Tissue 111:116 arg1 Applications 130:141 Tissue Engineering Applications 111:141 Tissue Engineering Applications 111:141 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 6 19 theme interlayer 1163:1172 arg1 bonding 1174:1180 interlayer bonding 1163:1180 interlayer bonding 1163:1180 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 2 20 theme fusion 450:455 arg1 capable 423:429 capable 423:429 capable 423:429 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 2 21 theme features 502:509 arg1 integrity 479:487 the integrity 475:487 the integrity of patterned features 475:509 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 2 22 theme layer 444:448 arg1 fusion 450:455 composite layer fusion 434:455 composite layer fusion 434:455 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 0 23 theme Carbide 8:14 arg1 Nanoparticles 16:28 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles 0:28 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 0:142 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 4 24 theme embedded 781:788 arg1 µm 874:875 500-600 µm 866:875 500-600 µm 866:875 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 24 theme embedded 781:788 arg1 microchannels 806:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels 781:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm) 781:876 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 24 theme embedded 781:788 arg1 mm 830:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 8 25 theme tissue 1499:1504 arg1 applications 1518:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 2 26 theme composite 434:442 arg1 fusion 450:455 composite layer fusion 434:455 composite layer fusion 434:455 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 0 27 theme Silicon 0:6 arg1 Nanoparticles 16:28 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles 0:28 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 0:142 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 3 28 theme ± 616:616 arg1 kPa 623:625 0.39 ± 0.03 kPa 611:625 0.39 ± 0.03 kPa 611:625 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 3 28 theme ± 616:616 arg1 bonding 602:608 strong bonding 595:608 strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen 595:690 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 2 29 theme patterned 492:500 arg1 features 502:509 patterned features 492:509 patterned features 492:509 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 7 30 theme inlet 1323:1327 arg1 interconnections 1340:1355 inlet and outlet interconnections 1323:1355 inlet and outlet interconnections to the gel constructs 1323:1377 This allows us to form inlet and outlet interconnections to the gel constructs. 29360239 0 31 dep Collagen 66:73 arg1 to 58:59 to 58:59 to 58:59 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 6 32 used used 1203:1206 arg2 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica 1070:1079 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 5 33 theme high 999:1002 arg1 % 1032:1032 90.61 ± 3.28% 1020:1032 90.61 ± 3.28% 1020:1032 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 5 33 theme high 999:1002 arg1 viability 1009:1017 high cell viability 999:1017 high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) 999:1033 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 1 34 theme tissue 337:342 arg1 applications 356:367 tissue engineering applications 337:367 tissue engineering applications 337:367 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 0 35 theme Engineering 118:128 arg1 Applications 130:141 Tissue Engineering Applications 111:141 Tissue Engineering Applications 111:141 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 8 36 theme bulk 1435:1438 arg1 structures 1454:1463 bulk soft material structures 1435:1463 bulk soft material structures for perfusion 1435:1477 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 4 37 theme high-resolution 790:804 arg1 µm 874:875 500-600 µm 866:875 500-600 µm 866:875 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 37 theme high-resolution 790:804 arg1 microchannels 806:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels 781:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm) 781:876 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 37 theme high-resolution 790:804 arg1 mm 830:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 1 38 theme scalable 226:233 arg1 manufacturing 235:247 scalable manufacturing 226:247 scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks 226:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 0 39 theme Effective 36:44 arg1 Collagen 66:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen 33:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications 33:141 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 1 40 theme engineering 344:354 arg1 applications 356:367 tissue engineering applications 337:367 tissue engineering applications 337:367 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 6 41 dep Tygon 1244:1248 arg1 e.g. 1238:1241 e.g. 1238:1241 e.g. 1238:1241 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 7 42 theme gel 1364:1366 arg1 constructs 1368:1377 the gel constructs 1360:1377 the gel constructs 1360:1377 This allows us to form inlet and outlet interconnections to the gel constructs. 29360239 5 43 theme Hydrogel 879:886 arg1 layers 888:893 Hydrogel layers 879:893 Hydrogel layers 879:893 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 8 44 from applications 1518:1529 arg1 useful 1486:1491 useful 1486:1491 useful 1486:1491 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 8 45 theme material 1445:1452 arg1 structures 1454:1463 bulk soft material structures 1435:1463 bulk soft material structures for perfusion 1435:1477 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 8 46 from useful 1486:1491 arg1 applications 1518:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 3D tissue engineering applications 1496:1529 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 4 47 dep interspaced 853:863 arg1 microchannels 806:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels 781:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm) 781:876 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 47 dep interspaced 853:863 arg1 µm 874:875 500-600 µm 866:875 500-600 µm 866:875 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 5 48 theme silicon 923:929 arg1 nanoparticles 939:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 5 49 with bonded 911:916 arg1 nanoparticles 939:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 8 50 theme soft 1440:1443 arg1 structures 1454:1463 bulk soft material structures 1435:1463 bulk soft material structures for perfusion 1435:1477 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 5 51 theme 90.61 1020:1024 arg1 ± 1026:1026 ± 1026:1026 ± 1026:1026 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 6 52 theme microchannels 1135:1147 arg1 clogging 1115:1122 clogging 1115:1122 clogging of smaller microchannels 1115:1147 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 3 53 theme carbide 537:543 arg1 effective 565:573 effective 565:573 effective 565:573 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 3 53 theme carbide 537:543 arg1 use 522:524 the use 518:524 the use of silicon carbide 518:543 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 0 54 theme Bioadhesive 46:56 arg1 Collagen 66:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen 33:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications 33:141 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 8 55 theme channel 1413:1419 arg1 networks 1421:1428 hollow channel networks 1406:1428 hollow channel networks 1406:1428 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 1 56 with scaffolds 289:297 arg1 networks 324:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 integrated vascular networks 304:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 4 57 theme multilayered 737:748 arg1 constructs 765:774 multilayered, heterogeneous constructs 737:774 multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm) 737:876 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 6 58 theme synthetic 1218:1226 arg1 polymers 1228:1235 synthetic polymers 1218:1235 synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) 1218:1249 Nanosilica is also tested and found to cause clogging of smaller microchannels when used for interlayer bonding, but is successfully used to attach synthetic polymers (e.g., Tygon) to the hydrogels (32.5 ± 2.12 mN bond strength). 29360239 8 59 theme hollow 1406:1411 arg1 networks 1421:1428 hollow channel networks 1406:1428 hollow channel networks 1406:1428 This ability to integrate hollow channel networks into bulk soft material structures for perfusion can be useful in 3D tissue engineering applications. 29360239 7 60 theme outlet 1333:1338 arg1 interconnections 1340:1355 inlet and outlet interconnections 1323:1355 inlet and outlet interconnections to the gel constructs 1323:1377 This allows us to form inlet and outlet interconnections to the gel constructs. 29360239 5 61 theme hollow 974:979 arg1 microchannels 981:993 the hollow microchannels 970:993 the hollow microchannels 970:993 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 5 62 theme cell 1004:1007 arg1 % 1032:1032 90.61 ± 3.28% 1020:1032 90.61 ± 3.28% 1020:1032 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 5 62 theme cell 1004:1007 arg1 viability 1009:1017 high cell viability 999:1017 high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) 999:1033 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 1 63 theme tissue-like 252:262 arg1 constructs 264:273 tissue-like constructs 252:273 tissue-like constructs 252:273 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 1 63 theme tissue-like 252:262 arg1 scaffolds 289:297 scaffolds 289:297 scaffolds with integrated vascular networks 289:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 5 64 theme 3.28 1028:1031 arg1 ± 1026:1026 ± 1026:1026 ± 1026:1026 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 1 65 theme Additive 144:151 arg1 manufacturing 153:165 Additive manufacturing 144:165 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding 144:201 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 1 66 theme constructs 264:273 arg1 manufacturing 235:247 scalable manufacturing 226:247 scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks 226:331 Additive manufacturing via layer-by-layer adhesive bonding holds much promise for scalable manufacturing of tissue-like constructs, specifically scaffolds with integrated vascular networks for tissue engineering applications. 29360239 5 67 theme carbide 931:937 arg1 nanoparticles 939:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 silicon carbide nanoparticles 923:951 Hydrogel layers are effectively bonded with silicon carbide nanoparticles without blocking the hollow microchannels and high cell viability (90.61 ± 3.28%) is maintained within the scaffold. 29360239 3 68 theme hybrid 636:641 arg1 films 652:656 hybrid hydrogel films 636:656 hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen 636:690 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 2 69 theme capable 423:429 arg1 adhesives 413:421 effective adhesives 403:421 effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion 403:455 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 29360239 3 70 theme silicon 529:535 arg1 carbide 537:543 silicon carbide 529:543 silicon carbide 529:543 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 0 71 theme Bond 61:64 arg1 Collagen 66:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen 33:73 an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications 33:141 Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles as an Effective Bioadhesive to Bond Collagen Containing Composite Gel Layers for Tissue Engineering Applications. 29360239 4 72 with constructs 765:774 arg1 µm 874:875 500-600 µm 866:875 500-600 µm 866:875 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 72 with constructs 765:774 arg1 microchannels 806:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels 781:818 embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm) 781:876 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 4 72 with constructs 765:774 arg1 mm 830:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 150 µm-1 mm 821:831 The techniques have allowed us to fabricate multilayered, heterogeneous constructs with embedded high-resolution microchannels (150 µm-1 mm) that are precisely interspaced (500-600 µm). 29360239 3 73 theme hydrogel 643:650 arg1 films 652:656 hybrid hydrogel films 636:656 hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen 636:690 Here, the use of silicon carbide is introduced as an effective adhesive to achieve strong bonding (0.39 ± 0.03 kPa) between hybrid hydrogel films composed of alginate and collagen. 29360239 2 74 theme adhesives 413:421 arg1 lack 395:398 a lack 393:398 a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion 393:455 However, there remains a lack of effective adhesives capable of composite layer fusion without affecting the integrity of patterned features. 31282143 0 0 theme Responses 94:102 arg1 Release 31:37 Release 31:37 Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses 31:102 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 3 1 from difference 392:401 arg1 conjugation 410:420 the conjugation 406:420 the conjugation 406:420 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 5 2 used used 752:755 arg2 method 741:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method was used to improve the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film. 31282143 2 3 contain carry 231:235 arg2 kinds 248:252 almost all kinds 237:252 almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules 237:287 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 2 3 contain carry 231:235 arg1 Polypyrrole 201:211 Polypyrrole 201:211 Polypyrrole (PPy) 201:217 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 2 3 contain carry 231:235 arg1 PPy 214:216 PPy 214:216 PPy 214:216 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 0 4 theme Cellular 85:92 arg1 Responses 94:102 Its Cellular Responses 81:102 Its Cellular Responses 81:102 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 5 5 theme Double-layer 717:728 arg1 method 741:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method was used to improve the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film. 31282143 2 6 theme appropriate 332:342 arg1 way 344:346 an appropriate way 329:346 an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules 329:385 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 4 7 from molecules 622:630 arg1 view 635:638 view 635:638 view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 635:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 8 theme bovine 549:554 arg1 albumin 562:568 bovine serum albumin 549:568 bovine serum albumin (BSA) 549:574 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 8 theme bovine 549:554 arg1 molecules 622:630 the model molecules 612:630 the model molecules 612:630 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 8 theme bovine 549:554 arg1 BSA 571:573 BSA 571:573 BSA 571:573 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 8 theme bovine 549:554 arg1 heparin 580:586 heparin 580:586 heparin (Hep) 580:592 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 6 9 from content 827:833 arg1 film 857:860 the film 853:860 the film 853:860 It was found the content of BSA and Hep in the film can be controlled by regulating deposition current and time. 31282143 2 10 theme biomolecules 276:287 arg1 kinds 248:252 almost all kinds 237:252 almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules 237:287 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 7 11 dep voltage 966:972 arg1 enhance 1086:1092 enhance 1086:1092 enhance cell differentiation 1086:1113 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 7 11 dep voltage 966:972 arg1 promote 983:989 promote 983:989 promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts 983:1025 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 6 12 theme BSA 838:840 arg1 content 827:833 the content 823:833 the content of BSA and Hep in the film 823:860 It was found the content of BSA and Hep in the film can be controlled by regulating deposition current and time. 31282143 2 13 theme charged 268:274 arg1 biomolecules 276:287 negatively charged biomolecules 257:287 negatively charged biomolecules 257:287 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 4 14 theme differences 649:659 arg1 view 635:638 view 635:638 view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 635:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 8 15 theme selectivity 1231:1241 arg1 mechanism 1210:1218 the mechanism 1206:1218 the mechanism of release selectivity 1206:1241 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 1 16 theme growth 176:181 arg1 factors 183:189 suitable growth factors 167:189 suitable growth factors 167:189 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 7 17 theme negative 1065:1072 arg1 voltage 1074:1080 negative voltage 1065:1080 negative voltage 1065:1080 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 4 18 theme serum 556:560 arg1 albumin 562:568 bovine serum albumin 549:568 bovine serum albumin (BSA) 549:574 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 18 theme serum 556:560 arg1 molecules 622:630 the model molecules 612:630 the model molecules 612:630 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 18 theme serum 556:560 arg1 BSA 571:573 BSA 571:573 BSA 571:573 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 18 theme serum 556:560 arg1 heparin 580:586 heparin 580:586 heparin (Hep) 580:592 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 3 19 theme PPy 522:524 arg1 changes 526:532 PPy changes 522:532 PPy changes 522:532 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 2 20 theme molecules 377:385 arg1 codeposition 352:363 codeposition 352:363 codeposition of multiple molecules 352:385 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 8 21 from model 1150:1154 arg1 PPy 1159:1161 PPy 1159:1161 PPy 1159:1161 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 7 22 theme preosteoblasts 1012:1025 arg1 proliferation 995:1007 the proliferation 991:1007 the proliferation of preosteoblasts 991:1025 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 2 23 theme multiple 368:375 arg1 molecules 377:385 multiple molecules 368:385 multiple molecules 368:385 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 0 24 theme Electrical 0:9 arg1 Potential 11:19 Electrical Potential 0:19 Electrical Potential 0:19 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 4 25 from level 668:672 arg1 view 635:638 view 635:638 view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 635:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 8 26 theme regenerative 1312:1323 arg1 medicine 1325:1332 regenerative medicine 1312:1332 regenerative medicine 1312:1332 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 4 27 theme molecular 699:707 arg1 weight 709:714 molecular weight 699:714 molecular weight 699:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 1 28 theme drugs 194:198 arg1 supply 157:162 accurate time-space supply 137:162 accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs 137:198 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 7 29 theme cell 1094:1097 arg1 differentiation 1099:1113 cell differentiation 1094:1113 cell differentiation 1094:1113 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 1 30 theme facile 107:112 arg1 strategy 114:121 A facile strategy 105:121 A facile strategy 105:121 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 1 31 theme suitable 167:174 arg1 factors 183:189 suitable growth factors 167:189 suitable growth factors 167:189 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 1 32 theme time-space 146:155 arg1 supply 157:162 accurate time-space supply 137:162 accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs 137:198 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 0 33 theme BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole 42:60 arg1 Film 72:75 BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film 42:75 BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film 42:75 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 8 34 theme potential 1263:1271 arg1 applications 1273:1284 potential applications 1263:1284 potential applications 1263:1284 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 5 35 theme PPy/BSA/Hep 792:802 arg1 film 804:807 PPy/BSA/Hep film 792:807 PPy/BSA/Hep film 792:807 Double-layer deposition method was used to improve the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film. 31282143 3 36 theme different 430:438 arg1 molecules 440:448 different molecules 430:448 different molecules 430:448 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 5 37 theme deposition 730:739 arg1 method 741:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method 717:746 Double-layer deposition method was used to improve the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film. 31282143 8 38 theme dual-molecule 1136:1148 arg1 model 1150:1154 a dual-molecule model 1134:1154 a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release 1134:1183 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 5 39 theme film 804:807 arg1 biocompatibility 772:787 the biocompatibility 768:787 the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film 768:807 Double-layer deposition method was used to improve the biocompatibility of PPy/BSA/Hep film. 31282143 0 40 theme Film 72:75 arg1 Release 31:37 Release 31:37 Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses 31:102 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 8 41 theme tissue 1289:1294 arg1 engineering 1296:1306 tissue engineering 1289:1306 tissue engineering 1289:1306 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 3 42 theme selective 480:488 arg1 release 490:496 selective release 480:496 selective release when the redox state of PPy changes 480:532 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 0 43 theme Composite 62:70 arg1 Film 72:75 BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film 42:75 BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film 42:75 Electrical Potential Specified Release of BSA/Hep/Polypyrrole Composite Film and Its Cellular Responses. 31282143 6 44 theme Hep 846:848 arg1 content 827:833 the content 823:833 the content of BSA and Hep in the film 823:860 It was found the content of BSA and Hep in the film can be controlled by regulating deposition current and time. 31282143 7 45 theme Hep 1034:1036 arg1 release 1038:1044 Hep release 1034:1044 Hep release 1034:1044 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 8 46 theme release 1223:1229 arg1 selectivity 1231:1241 release selectivity 1223:1241 release selectivity 1223:1241 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 7 47 theme positive 957:964 arg1 voltage 966:972 positive voltage 957:972 positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation 957:1113 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 8 48 contain has 1259:1261 arg2 applications 1273:1284 potential applications 1263:1284 potential applications 1263:1284 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 8 48 contain has 1259:1261 arg1 discovery 1249:1257 this discovery 1244:1257 this discovery 1244:1257 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 4 49 theme electronegativity 677:693 arg1 level 668:672 the level 664:672 the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 664:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 50 theme weight 709:714 arg1 level 668:672 the level 664:672 the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 664:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 8 51 theme selective 1167:1175 arg1 release 1177:1183 selective release 1167:1183 selective release 1167:1183 Our work provides a dual-molecule model in PPy for selective release and further explores the mechanism of release selectivity, this discovery has potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 31282143 2 52 theme all 244:246 arg1 kinds 248:252 almost all kinds 237:252 almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules 237:287 Polypyrrole (PPy) was able to carry almost all kinds of negatively charged biomolecules through anodizing method, which made it an appropriate way for codeposition of multiple molecules. 31282143 1 53 theme accurate 137:144 arg1 supply 157:162 accurate time-space supply 137:162 accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs 137:198 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 6 54 dep deposition 894:903 arg1 current 905:911 current 905:911 current 905:911 It was found the content of BSA and Hep in the film can be controlled by regulating deposition current and time. 31282143 7 55 theme BSA 923:925 arg1 release 927:933 BSA release 923:933 BSA release 923:933 BSA release was facilitated under positive voltage and then promote the proliferation of preosteoblasts, while Hep release was promoted under negative voltage and enhance cell differentiation. 31282143 3 56 theme redox 507:511 arg1 state 513:517 the redox state 503:517 the redox state of PPy changes 503:532 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 1 57 theme factors 183:189 arg1 supply 157:162 accurate time-space supply 137:162 accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs 137:198 A facile strategy is needed for accurate time-space supply of suitable growth factors or drugs. 31282143 4 58 from differences 649:659 arg1 level 668:672 the level 664:672 the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 664:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 3 59 theme changes 526:532 arg1 state 513:517 the redox state 503:517 the redox state of PPy changes 503:532 The difference in the conjugation between different molecules and PPy makes it possible for selective release when the redox state of PPy changes. 31282143 4 60 theme model 616:620 arg1 albumin 562:568 bovine serum albumin 549:568 bovine serum albumin (BSA) 549:574 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 60 theme model 616:620 arg1 molecules 622:630 the model molecules 612:630 the model molecules 612:630 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 60 theme model 616:620 arg1 heparin 580:586 heparin 580:586 heparin (Hep) 580:592 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 31282143 4 61 from view 635:638 arg1 level 668:672 the level 664:672 the level of electronegativity and molecular weight 664:714 In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heparin (Hep) were chosen to be the model molecules in view of their differences in the level of electronegativity and molecular weight. 30880050 0 0 theme films 81:85 arg1 properties 47:56 properties 47:56 properties of PVA/xylan composite films 47:85 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 6 1 theme nano-SiO2 950:958 arg1 % 966:966 3% 965:966 3% 965:966 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 6 1 theme nano-SiO2 950:958 arg1 contents 925:932 the contents 921:932 the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 921:958 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 7 2 contain had 1167:1169 arg1 ones 1147:1150 the ones 1143:1150 the ones with nano-SiO2 1143:1165 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 7 2 contain had 1167:1169 arg2 light-transparency 1182:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 4 3 theme vapor 671:675 arg1 permeability 677:688 water vapor permeability 665:688 water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) 665:727 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 0 4 theme composite 71:79 arg1 films 81:85 PVA/xylan composite films 61:85 PVA/xylan composite films 61:85 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 5 5 theme composite 885:893 arg1 films 895:899 composite films 885:899 composite films 885:899 With the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage, the solubility of composite films was increased. 30880050 2 6 theme hydrophobic 350:360 arg1 property 362:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 0 7 from Effects 0:6 arg1 properties 47:56 properties 47:56 properties of PVA/xylan composite films 47:85 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 4 8 dep permeability 677:688 arg1 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1 700:726 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1 700:726 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1 700:726 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 8 dep permeability 677:688 arg1 3.14 691:694 3.14 691:694 3.14 691:694 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 7 9 with films 1079:1083 arg1 nano-ZnO 1090:1097 nano-ZnO 1090:1097 nano-ZnO 1090:1097 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 2 10 theme mechanical 278:287 arg1 strength 289:296 the mechanical strength 274:296 the mechanical strength 274:296 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 5 11 theme nano-SiO2 849:857 arg1 dosage 859:864 nano-SiO2 dosage 849:864 nano-SiO2 dosage 849:864 With the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage, the solubility of composite films was increased. 30880050 4 12 theme water 665:669 arg1 permeability 677:688 water vapor permeability 665:688 water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) 665:727 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 2 13 theme surface 342:348 arg1 property 362:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 3 14 theme XRD 419:421 arg1 results 399:405 The results 395:405 The results of FTIR and XRD 395:421 The results of FTIR and XRD indicated the interaction of hydrogen bonds between nanoparticles and PVA and xylan. 30880050 1 15 theme composite 157:165 arg1 films 167:171 PVA/xylan composite films 147:171 PVA/xylan composite films 147:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 5 16 theme films 895:899 arg1 solubility 871:880 the solubility 867:880 the solubility of composite films 867:899 With the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage, the solubility of composite films was increased. 30880050 3 17 theme FTIR 410:413 arg1 results 399:405 The results 395:405 The results of FTIR and XRD 395:421 The results of FTIR and XRD indicated the interaction of hydrogen bonds between nanoparticles and PVA and xylan. 30880050 1 18 theme films 167:171 arg1 properties 133:142 the properties 129:142 the properties of PVA/xylan composite films 129:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 7 19 theme shielding 1112:1120 arg1 performance 1122:1132 UV shielding performance 1109:1132 UV shielding performance 1109:1132 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 2 20 theme oxygen 312:317 arg1 properties 327:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 7 21 theme PVA/xylan 1213:1221 arg1 films 1233:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 2 22 theme films 388:392 arg1 moisture 299:306 moisture 299:306 moisture 299:306 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 2 22 theme films 388:392 arg1 strength 289:296 the mechanical strength 274:296 the mechanical strength 274:296 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 2 22 theme films 388:392 arg1 properties 327:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 2 22 theme films 388:392 arg1 property 362:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 surface hydrophobic property 342:369 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 2 23 theme composite 378:386 arg1 films 388:392 the composite films 374:392 the composite films 374:392 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 4 24 theme nano-SiO2 542:550 arg1 contents 517:524 the contents 513:524 the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films 513:573 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 24 theme nano-SiO2 542:550 arg1 % 581:581 3% 580:581 3% 580:581 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 25 theme oxygen 733:738 arg1 permeability 740:751 oxygen permeability 733:751 oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) 733:793 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 3 26 theme bonds 461:465 arg1 interaction 437:447 the interaction 433:447 the interaction of hydrogen bonds between nanoparticles and PVA and xylan 433:505 The results of FTIR and XRD indicated the interaction of hydrogen bonds between nanoparticles and PVA and xylan. 30880050 0 27 theme nano-ZnO 11:18 arg1 particles 34:42 nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles 11:42 nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles 11:42 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 4 28 theme composite 559:567 arg1 films 569:573 the composite films 555:573 the composite films 555:573 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 1 29 theme PVA/xylan 147:155 arg1 films 167:171 PVA/xylan composite films 147:171 PVA/xylan composite films 147:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 0 30 theme particles 34:42 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 0:86 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 6 31 dep 101° 1042:1045 arg1 up 1036:1037 up 1036:1037 up 1036:1037 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 6 32 theme films 1016:1020 arg1 angles 1002:1007 the contact angles 990:1007 the contact angles of the films 990:1020 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 5 33 theme nano-ZnO 836:843 arg1 increase 824:831 the increase 820:831 the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage 820:864 With the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage, the solubility of composite films was increased. 30880050 0 34 theme nano-SiO2 24:32 arg1 particles 34:42 nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles 11:42 nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles 11:42 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 6 35 theme nano-ZnO 937:944 arg1 % 966:966 3% 965:966 3% 965:966 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 6 35 theme nano-ZnO 937:944 arg1 contents 925:932 the contents 921:932 the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 921:958 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 3 36 theme hydrogen 452:459 arg1 bonds 461:465 hydrogen bonds 452:465 hydrogen bonds 452:465 The results of FTIR and XRD indicated the interaction of hydrogen bonds between nanoparticles and PVA and xylan. 30880050 7 37 theme composite 1069:1077 arg1 films 1079:1083 the composite films 1065:1083 the composite films with nano-ZnO 1065:1097 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 1 38 theme nano-ZnO 103:110 arg1 effects 92:98 The effects 88:98 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films 88:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 4 39 from contents 517:524 arg1 films 569:573 the composite films 555:573 the composite films 555:573 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 7 40 with ones 1147:1150 arg1 nano-SiO2 1157:1165 nano-SiO2 1157:1165 nano-SiO2 1157:1165 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 7 41 theme composite 1223:1231 arg1 films 1233:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 1 42 from effects 92:98 arg1 properties 133:142 the properties 129:142 the properties of PVA/xylan composite films 129:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 4 43 theme nano-ZnO 529:536 arg1 contents 517:524 the contents 513:524 the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films 513:573 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 43 theme nano-ZnO 529:536 arg1 % 581:581 3% 580:581 3% 580:581 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 44 dep permeability 740:751 arg1 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1 763:792 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1 763:792 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1 763:792 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 4 44 dep permeability 740:751 arg1 5.28 754:757 5.28 754:757 5.28 754:757 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 30880050 1 45 theme nano-SiO2 116:124 arg1 effects 92:98 The effects 88:98 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films 88:171 The effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 on the properties of PVA/xylan composite films were investigated in this work. 30880050 2 46 theme barrier 319:325 arg1 properties 327:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 oxygen barrier properties 312:336 Results showed that nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 could effectively improve the mechanical strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties and surface hydrophobic property of the composite films. 30880050 7 47 theme pure 1208:1211 arg1 films 1233:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 the pure PVA/xylan composite films 1204:1237 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 0 48 theme PVA/xylan 61:69 arg1 films 81:85 PVA/xylan composite films 61:85 PVA/xylan composite films 61:85 Effects of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 particles on properties of PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 6 49 theme contact 994:1000 arg1 angles 1002:1007 the contact angles 990:1007 the contact angles of the films 990:1020 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 were 3% and 4%, respectively, the contact angles of the films was increased up to 101° and 78°. 30880050 5 50 theme dosage 859:864 arg1 increase 824:831 the increase 820:831 the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage 820:864 With the increase of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 dosage, the solubility of composite films was increased. 30880050 7 51 theme similar 1171:1177 arg1 light-transparency 1182:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 7 52 theme UV 1109:1110 arg1 performance 1122:1132 UV shielding performance 1109:1132 UV shielding performance 1109:1132 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 7 53 theme UV 1179:1180 arg1 light-transparency 1182:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 similar UV light-transparency 1171:1199 Besides, the composite films with nano-ZnO exhibited UV shielding performance, whereas the ones with nano-SiO2 had similar UV light-transparency to the pure PVA/xylan composite films. 30880050 4 54 theme tensile 588:594 arg1 strength 596:603 the tensile strength 584:603 the tensile strength 584:603 When the contents of nano-ZnO and nano-SiO2 in the composite films were 3%, the tensile strength was increased to 20.4 MPa and 22.5 MPa, respectively, while water vapor permeability (3.14 and 3.03 × 10-11 g·m-1·s-1·Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (5.28 and 5.003 cm3·m-2·24 h-1·0.1 MPa-1) reached the minima. 29941809 3 0 theme thermal 674:680 arg1 analysis 694:701 thermal gravimetric analysis 674:701 thermal gravimetric analysis 674:701 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 5 1 from equilibrium 970:980 arg1 min 989:991 180 min 985:991 180 min 985:991 Notably, it was found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads reached equilibrium in 180 min to a level of 407.50 mg/g at ambient temperature. 29941809 7 2 theme -removal 1265:1272 arg1 capacity 1274:1281 its Pb(II)-removal capacity 1255:1281 its Pb(II)-removal capacity 1255:1281 Furthermore, reusability tests showed that MIL-125-CS retained 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity after five reuse cycles. 29941809 1 3 theme titanium 224:231 arg1 MIL-125 263:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 0 4 theme Pb 89:90 arg1 Adsorption 75:84 Adsorption 75:84 Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions 75:117 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 8 5 theme environmental 1425:1437 arg1 water 1439:1443 environmental water polluted 1425:1452 environmental water polluted 1425:1452 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 4 6 theme reaction 828:835 arg1 time 837:840 reaction time 828:840 reaction time 828:840 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 4 7 theme Pb 802:803 arg1 concentration 809:821 initial Pb(II) concentration 794:821 initial Pb(II) concentration 794:821 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 3 8 theme surface 498:504 arg1 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties 494:529 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 1 9 theme based 233:237 arg1 MIL-125 263:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 2 10 theme ambient 474:480 arg1 conditions 482:491 ambient conditions 474:491 ambient conditions 474:491 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 4 11 theme experiments 726:736 arg1 series 716:721 a series 714:721 a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature 714:867 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 1 12 theme metal 239:243 arg1 MIL-125 263:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 0 13 theme MIL-125 47:53 arg1 Beads 65:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 3 14 theme gravimetric 682:692 arg1 analysis 694:701 thermal gravimetric analysis 674:701 thermal gravimetric analysis 674:701 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 4 15 theme factors 778:784 arg1 influences 764:773 the influences 760:773 the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature 760:867 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 1 16 theme novel 135:139 arg1 framework 180:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework 135:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 1 16 theme novel 135:139 arg1 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 2 17 theme titanium-based 384:397 arg1 MOF 407:409 the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF 380:409 the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF 380:409 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 6 18 theme pseudo-second-order 1155:1173 arg1 kinetics 1175:1182 the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics 1123:1182 kinetics 1175:1182 In addition, kinetic and equilibrium experiments provided data that were fit to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29941809 2 19 theme solvothermal 446:457 arg1 approach 459:466 a template-free solvothermal approach 430:466 a template-free solvothermal approach 430:466 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 1 20 theme composite 141:149 arg1 framework 180:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework 135:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 1 20 theme composite 141:149 arg1 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 0 21 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 Preparation 7:17 Facile Preparation 0:17 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 0:118 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 1 22 theme organic 245:251 arg1 MIL-125 263:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 1 23 theme titanium-based 151:164 arg1 framework 180:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework 135:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 1 23 theme titanium-based 151:164 arg1 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 0 24 theme Metal-Organic 22:34 arg1 Beads 65:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 1 25 theme framework 253:261 arg1 MIL-125 263:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 224:269 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 7 26 theme capacity 1274:1281 arg1 % 1250:1250 85% 1248:1250 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity 1248:1281 Furthermore, reusability tests showed that MIL-125-CS retained 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity after five reuse cycles. 29941809 7 26 theme capacity 1274:1281 arg1 capacity 1274:1281 its Pb(II)-removal capacity 1255:1281 its Pb(II)-removal capacity 1255:1281 Furthermore, reusability tests showed that MIL-125-CS retained 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity after five reuse cycles. 29941809 3 27 theme elemental 510:518 arg1 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties 494:529 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 1 28 theme metal-organic 166:178 arg1 framework 180:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework 135:188 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 1 28 theme metal-organic 166:178 arg1 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 MOF 191:193 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 8 29 theme heavy 1457:1461 arg1 ions 1469:1472 heavy metal ions 1457:1472 heavy metal ions 1457:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 5 30 theme MIL-125-CS 945:954 arg1 beads 956:960 the MIL-125-CS beads 941:960 the MIL-125-CS beads 941:960 Notably, it was found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads reached equilibrium in 180 min to a level of 407.50 mg/g at ambient temperature. 29941809 1 31 theme framework 180:188 arg1 beads 196:200 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 6 32 theme Langmuir 1127:1134 arg1 model 1145:1149 the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics 1123:1182 model 1145:1149 In addition, kinetic and equilibrium experiments provided data that were fit to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29941809 6 33 dep kinetic 1056:1062 arg1 experiments 1080:1090 experiments 1080:1090 experiments 1080:1090 In addition, kinetic and equilibrium experiments provided data that were fit to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29941809 0 34 theme Framework 36:44 arg1 Beads 65:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 0 35 theme Aqueous 101:107 arg1 Solutions 109:117 Aqueous Solutions 101:117 Aqueous Solutions 101:117 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 8 36 theme developed 1340:1348 arg1 material 1393:1400 a promising adsorbent material 1371:1400 a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions 1371:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 8 36 theme developed 1340:1348 arg1 beads 1361:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 6 37 theme isotherm 1136:1143 arg1 model 1145:1149 the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics 1123:1182 model 1145:1149 In addition, kinetic and equilibrium experiments provided data that were fit to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. 29941809 2 38 theme MIL-125-CS 336:345 arg1 beads 347:351 The MIL-125-CS beads 332:351 The MIL-125-CS beads 332:351 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 8 39 theme metal 1463:1467 arg1 ions 1469:1472 heavy metal ions 1457:1472 heavy metal ions 1457:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 2 40 theme template-free 432:444 arg1 approach 459:466 a template-free solvothermal approach 430:466 a template-free solvothermal approach 430:466 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 3 41 theme beads 540:544 arg1 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties 494:529 properties 520:529 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 5 42 theme mg/g 1014:1017 arg1 level 998:1002 a level 996:1002 a level of 407.50 mg/g 996:1017 Notably, it was found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads reached equilibrium in 180 min to a level of 407.50 mg/g at ambient temperature. 29941809 7 43 theme reusability 1198:1208 arg1 tests 1210:1214 reusability tests 1198:1214 reusability tests 1198:1214 Furthermore, reusability tests showed that MIL-125-CS retained 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity after five reuse cycles. 29941809 2 44 theme MIL-125 399:405 arg1 MOF 407:409 the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF 380:409 the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF 380:409 The MIL-125-CS beads were prepared by combining the titanium-based MIL-125 MOF and chitosan using a template-free solvothermal approach under ambient conditions. 29941809 1 45 used used 293:296 arg2 beads 196:200 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads 135:200 In this study, novel composite titanium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) beads were synthesized from titanium based metal organic framework MIL-125 and chitosan (CS) and used to remove Pb(II) from wastewater. 29941809 8 46 theme adsorbent 1383:1391 arg1 material 1393:1400 a promising adsorbent material 1371:1400 a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions 1371:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 8 46 theme adsorbent 1383:1391 arg1 beads 1361:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 4 47 theme initial 794:800 arg1 concentration 809:821 initial Pb(II) concentration 794:821 initial Pb(II) concentration 794:821 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 8 48 theme polluted 1445:1452 arg1 water 1439:1443 environmental water polluted 1425:1452 environmental water polluted 1425:1452 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 8 49 theme MIL-125-CS 1350:1359 arg1 material 1393:1400 a promising adsorbent material 1371:1400 a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions 1371:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 8 49 theme MIL-125-CS 1350:1359 arg1 beads 1361:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 5 50 theme Pb 929:930 arg1 adsorption 915:924 the adsorption 911:924 the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads 911:960 Notably, it was found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads reached equilibrium in 180 min to a level of 407.50 mg/g at ambient temperature. 29941809 7 51 theme reuse 1294:1298 arg1 cycles 1300:1305 five reuse cycles 1289:1305 five reuse cycles 1289:1305 Furthermore, reusability tests showed that MIL-125-CS retained 85% of its Pb(II)-removal capacity after five reuse cycles. 29941809 0 52 from Solutions 109:117 arg1 Adsorption 75:84 Adsorption 75:84 Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions 75:117 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 4 53 theme adsorption 846:855 arg1 temperature 857:867 adsorption temperature 846:867 adsorption temperature 846:867 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 3 54 theme X-ray 627:631 arg1 spectroscopies 647:660 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies 627:660 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies 627:660 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 8 55 theme promising 1373:1381 arg1 material 1393:1400 a promising adsorbent material 1371:1400 a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions 1371:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 8 55 theme promising 1373:1381 arg1 beads 1361:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 the developed MIL-125-CS beads 1336:1365 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 3 56 dep transform 604:612 arg1 infrared 614:621 infrared 614:621 transform infrared 604:621 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 0 57 theme Beads 65:69 arg1 Preparation 7:17 Facile Preparation 0:17 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 0:118 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 3 58 theme photoelectron 633:645 arg1 spectroscopies 647:660 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies 627:660 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies 627:660 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 3 59 theme scanning 566:573 arg1 microscopy 584:593 scanning electron microscopy 566:593 scanning electron microscopy 566:593 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 8 60 theme water 1439:1443 arg1 remediation 1410:1420 the remediation 1406:1420 the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions 1406:1472 All in all, we believe that the developed MIL-125-CS beads are a promising adsorbent material for the remediation of environmental water polluted by heavy metal ions. 29941809 4 61 dep concentration 809:821 arg1 II 805:806 II 805:806 II 805:806 Moreover, a series of experiments designed to determine the influences of factors such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, reaction time and adsorption temperature was conducted. 29941809 0 62 theme /Chitosan 55:63 arg1 Beads 65:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads 22:69 Facile Preparation of Metal-Organic Framework (MIL-125)/Chitosan Beads for Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. 29941809 5 63 theme ambient 1022:1028 arg1 temperature 1030:1040 ambient temperature 1022:1040 ambient temperature 1022:1040 Notably, it was found that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the MIL-125-CS beads reached equilibrium in 180 min to a level of 407.50 mg/g at ambient temperature. 29941809 3 64 theme electron 575:582 arg1 microscopy 584:593 scanning electron microscopy 566:593 scanning electron microscopy 566:593 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 29941809 3 65 dep Fourier 596:602 arg1 transform 604:612 transform 604:612 transform infrared 604:621 The surface and elemental properties of these beads were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies, as well as thermal gravimetric analysis. 31832938 8 0 theme field 1095:1099 arg1 use 1067:1069 the use 1063:1069 the use of an external magnetic field 1063:1099 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 8 1 theme magnetic 974:981 arg1 properties 983:992 The excellent magnetic properties 960:992 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS 960:1001 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 9 2 theme adsorption 1212:1221 arg1 capacity 1223:1230 the adsorption capacity 1208:1230 the adsorption capacity on Co(II) 1208:1240 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 2 theme adsorption 1212:1221 arg1 good 1251:1254 good 1251:1254 good 1251:1254 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 0 3 theme Co 74:75 arg1 removal 63:69 the removal 59:69 the removal of Co(II) in water treatment 59:98 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 6 4 theme metal 833:837 arg1 ions 839:842 metal ions 833:842 metal ions 833:842 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 8 5 theme excellent 964:972 arg1 properties 983:992 The excellent magnetic properties 960:992 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS 960:1001 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 2 6 theme removal 302:308 arg1 efficiency 310:319 Its removal efficiency 298:319 Its removal efficiency 298:319 Its removal efficiency was improved by optimizing pH, contact time, and initial concentration. 31832938 9 7 dep adsorption 1185:1194 arg1 Co 1196:1197 Co(II) 1196:1201 P-MCS adsorption Co(II) 1179:1201 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 7 8 theme P-MCS-Co 899:906 arg1 susceptibilities 869:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities 845:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co 845:906 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 7 8 theme P-MCS-Co 899:906 arg1 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 3 9 theme Langmuir 469:476 arg1 model 478:482 the Langmuir model 465:482 the Langmuir model 465:482 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 4 10 theme intragranular 586:598 arg1 diffusion 600:608 intragranular diffusion 586:608 intragranular diffusion 586:608 However, the rate of adsorption was also affected by intragranular diffusion. 31832938 6 11 theme adsorption 734:743 arg1 performance 745:755 good adsorption performance 729:755 good adsorption performance of Co(II) 729:765 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 0 12 theme water 84:88 arg1 treatment 90:98 water treatment 84:98 water treatment 84:98 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 6 13 theme functional 811:820 arg1 groups 822:827 functional groups 811:827 functional groups 811:827 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 4 14 theme adsorption 554:563 arg1 rate 546:549 the rate 542:549 the rate of adsorption 542:563 However, the rate of adsorption was also affected by intragranular diffusion. 31832938 1 15 theme Magnetic 150:157 arg1 chitosan 174:181 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite 150:191 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS) 150:199 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 15 theme Magnetic 150:157 arg1 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 15 theme Magnetic 150:157 arg1 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 8 16 theme P-MCS 997:1001 arg1 properties 983:992 The excellent magnetic properties 960:992 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS 960:1001 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 7 17 theme magnetic 860:867 arg1 susceptibilities 869:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities 845:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co 845:906 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 7 17 theme magnetic 860:867 arg1 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 1 18 theme phosphorylated 159:172 arg1 chitosan 174:181 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite 150:191 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS) 150:199 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 18 theme phosphorylated 159:172 arg1 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 18 theme phosphorylated 159:172 arg1 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 8 19 theme magnetic 1086:1093 arg1 field 1095:1099 an external magnetic field 1074:1099 an external magnetic field 1074:1099 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 8 20 theme easy 1015:1018 arg1 achievement 1020:1030 the easy achievement 1011:1030 the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation 1011:1057 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 3 21 theme pseudo-second-order 492:510 arg1 model 512:516 the pseudo-second-order model 488:516 the pseudo-second-order model 488:516 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 0 22 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 0:148 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 1 23 theme composite 183:191 arg1 chitosan 174:181 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite 150:191 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS) 150:199 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 23 theme composite 183:191 arg1 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 P-MCS 194:198 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 1 23 theme composite 183:191 arg1 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 adsorbent 215:223 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 0 24 theme magnetic 22:29 arg1 chitosan 46:53 magnetic phosphorylated chitosan 22:53 magnetic phosphorylated chitosan 22:53 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 6 25 theme analysis 700:707 arg1 results 675:681 The results 671:681 The results of spectroscopic analysis 671:707 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 2 26 theme initial 370:376 arg1 concentration 378:390 initial concentration 370:390 initial concentration 370:390 Its removal efficiency was improved by optimizing pH, contact time, and initial concentration. 31832938 9 27 from capacity 1223:1230 arg1 Co 1235:1236 Co(II) 1235:1240 Co(II) 1235:1240 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 6 28 theme surface 785:791 arg1 chelation 793:801 surface chelation 785:801 surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions 785:842 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 7 29 theme P-MCS 889:893 arg1 susceptibilities 869:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities 845:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co 845:906 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 7 29 theme P-MCS 889:893 arg1 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 3 30 theme kinetic 422:428 arg1 models 430:435 kinetic models 422:435 kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS 422:454 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 0 31 theme chitosan 46:53 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 0:148 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 8 32 theme separation 1048:1057 arg1 achievement 1020:1030 the easy achievement 1011:1030 the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation 1011:1057 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 3 33 theme adsorption 397:406 arg1 isotherms 408:416 The adsorption isotherms 393:416 The adsorption isotherms 393:416 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 0 34 theme phosphorylated 31:44 arg1 chitosan 46:53 magnetic phosphorylated chitosan 22:53 magnetic phosphorylated chitosan 22:53 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 35 theme separation 101:110 arg1 properties 112:121 separation properties 101:121 separation properties 101:121 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 36 attach removal 63:69 arg3 treatment 90:98 water treatment 84:98 water treatment 84:98 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 36 attach removal 63:69 arg2 II 77:78 II 77:78 II 77:78 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 36 attach removal 63:69 arg2 Co 74:75 Co 74:75 Co(II) 74:79 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 2 37 theme contact 352:358 arg1 time 360:363 contact time 352:363 contact time 352:363 Its removal efficiency was improved by optimizing pH, contact time, and initial concentration. 31832938 0 38 theme adsorption 127:136 arg1 mechanisms 138:147 adsorption mechanisms 127:147 adsorption mechanisms 127:147 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 39 from removal 63:69 arg1 treatment 90:98 water treatment 84:98 water treatment 84:98 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 3 40 theme Co 440:441 arg1 isotherms 408:416 The adsorption isotherms 393:416 The adsorption isotherms 393:416 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 3 40 theme Co 440:441 arg1 models 430:435 kinetic models 422:435 kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS 422:454 The adsorption isotherms and kinetic models of Co(II) by P-MCS followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. 31832938 8 41 theme solid-liquid 1035:1046 arg1 separation 1048:1057 solid-liquid separation 1035:1057 solid-liquid separation 1035:1057 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 5 42 theme maximum 615:621 arg1 46.1 mg g-1 647:657 46.1 mg g-1 647:657 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II) 647:668 The maximum adsorption capacity was 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II). 31832938 5 42 theme maximum 615:621 arg1 capacity 634:641 The maximum adsorption capacity 611:641 The maximum adsorption capacity 611:641 The maximum adsorption capacity was 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II). 31832938 7 43 theme saturation 849:858 arg1 susceptibilities 869:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities 845:884 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co 845:906 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 7 43 theme saturation 849:858 arg1 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 22.29 emu g-1 913:925 The saturation magnetic susceptibilities of P-MCS and P-MCS-Co were 22.29 emu g-1 and 18.18 emu g-1, respectively. 31832938 5 44 theme adsorption 623:632 arg1 46.1 mg g-1 647:657 46.1 mg g-1 647:657 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II) 647:668 The maximum adsorption capacity was 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II). 31832938 5 44 theme adsorption 623:632 arg1 capacity 634:641 The maximum adsorption capacity 611:641 The maximum adsorption capacity 611:641 The maximum adsorption capacity was 46.1 mg g-1 for Co(II). 31832938 9 45 contain have 1156:1159 arg1 K+ 1132:1133 K+ 1132:1133 K+ 1132:1133 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 45 contain have 1156:1159 arg1 Ca2+ 1141:1144 Ca2+ 1141:1144 Ca2+ 1141:1144 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 45 contain have 1156:1159 arg2 influence 1166:1174 less influence 1161:1174 less influence 1161:1174 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 45 contain have 1156:1159 arg1 Na+ 1136:1138 Na+ 1136:1138 Na+ 1136:1138 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 45 contain have 1156:1159 arg1 Mg2+ 1151:1154 Mg2+ 1151:1154 Mg2+ 1151:1154 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 9 46 theme P-MCS 1179:1183 arg1 adsorption 1185:1194 P-MCS adsorption 1179:1194 P-MCS adsorption Co(II) 1179:1201 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 6 47 theme spectroscopic 686:698 arg1 analysis 700:707 spectroscopic analysis 686:707 spectroscopic analysis 686:707 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 10 48 contain containing 1325:1334 arg2 II 1339:1340 II 1339:1340 II 1339:1340 This study shows the feasibility of using P-MCS to treat wastewater containing Co(II). 31832938 10 48 contain containing 1325:1334 arg2 Co 1336:1337 Co 1336:1337 Co(II) 1336:1341 This study shows the feasibility of using P-MCS to treat wastewater containing Co(II). 31832938 10 48 contain containing 1325:1334 arg1 wastewater 1314:1323 wastewater 1314:1323 wastewater containing Co(II) 1314:1341 This study shows the feasibility of using P-MCS to treat wastewater containing Co(II). 31832938 6 49 theme good 729:732 arg1 performance 745:755 good adsorption performance 729:755 good adsorption performance of Co(II) 729:765 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 8 50 theme external 1077:1084 arg1 field 1095:1099 an external magnetic field 1074:1099 an external magnetic field 1074:1099 The excellent magnetic properties of P-MCS enabled the easy achievement of solid-liquid separation via the use of an external magnetic field. 31832938 6 51 theme Co 760:761 arg1 performance 745:755 good adsorption performance 729:755 good adsorption performance of Co(II) 729:765 The results of spectroscopic analysis also indicated that good adsorption performance of Co(II) mainly depends on surface chelation between functional groups and metal ions. 31832938 0 52 dep fabrication 7:17 arg1 properties 112:121 separation properties 101:121 separation properties 101:121 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 0 52 dep fabrication 7:17 arg1 mechanisms 138:147 adsorption mechanisms 127:147 adsorption mechanisms 127:147 Facile fabrication of magnetic phosphorylated chitosan for the removal of Co(II) in water treatment: separation properties and adsorption mechanisms. 31832938 9 53 theme aqueous 1113:1119 arg1 solutions 1121:1129 complex aqueous solutions 1105:1129 complex aqueous solutions 1105:1129 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 31832938 1 54 theme facile 278:283 arg1 fabrication 285:295 a facile fabrication 276:295 a facile fabrication 276:295 Magnetic phosphorylated chitosan composite (P-MCS), an excellent adsorbent for Co(II), was synthesized in this experiment via a facile fabrication. 31832938 9 55 theme complex 1105:1111 arg1 solutions 1121:1129 complex aqueous solutions 1105:1129 complex aqueous solutions 1105:1129 In complex aqueous solutions, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have less influence on P-MCS adsorption Co(II), but the adsorption capacity on Co(II) is still good. 29181832 5 0 theme antibacterial 669:681 arg1 activity 683:690 antibacterial activity 669:690 antibacterial activity 669:690 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 1 1 theme wound 294:298 arg1 healing 300:306 wound healing 294:306 wound healing 294:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 6 2 theme wound 837:841 arg1 characters 852:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 2 3 with PL 355:356 arg1 PC 363:364 PC 363:364 PC 363:364 Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. 29181832 2 3 with PL 355:356 arg1 GL 369:370 GL 369:370 GL 369:370 Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. 29181832 1 4 theme pluronic 171:178 arg1 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 4 theme pluronic 171:178 arg1 -pectin 189:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin 171:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) 171:200 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 6 5 theme profile 913:919 arg1 terms 866:870 terms 866:870 terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile 866:919 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 6 6 theme mechanical 902:911 arg1 profile 913:919 mechanical profile 902:919 mechanical profile 902:919 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 0 7 dep in 112:113 arg1 vitro 115:119 vitro 115:119 vitro 115:119 Pluronic-F127 composite film loaded with erythromycin for wound application: formulation, physicomechanical and in vitro evaluations. 29181832 6 8 theme composite 801:809 arg1 films 811:815 The composite films 797:815 The composite films 797:815 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 5 9 theme delivery 780:787 arg1 system 789:794 drug delivery system 775:794 drug delivery system 775:794 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 1 10 theme F127 180:183 arg1 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 10 theme F127 180:183 arg1 -pectin 189:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin 171:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) 171:200 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 0 11 theme in 112:113 arg1 evaluations 121:131 in vitro evaluations 112:131 in vitro evaluations 112:131 Pluronic-F127 composite film loaded with erythromycin for wound application: formulation, physicomechanical and in vitro evaluations. 29181832 4 12 theme physical 567:574 arg1 appearance 576:585 physical appearance 567:585 physical appearance 567:585 The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. 29181832 0 13 theme composite 14:22 arg1 film 24:27 Pluronic-F127 composite film 0:27 Pluronic-F127 composite film 0:27 Pluronic-F127 composite film loaded with erythromycin for wound application: formulation, physicomechanical and in vitro evaluations. 29181832 7 14 theme antibacterial 1002:1014 arg1 activity 1016:1023 antibacterial activity 1002:1023 antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus 1002:1053 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 1 15 theme PL 186:187 arg1 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 PC 198:199 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 15 theme PL 186:187 arg1 -pectin 189:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin 171:195 pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) 171:200 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 5 16 theme films 722:726 arg1 cytocompatibility 697:713 cytocompatibility 697:713 cytocompatibility of the films 697:726 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 5 16 theme films 722:726 arg1 release 660:666 drug release 655:666 drug release 655:666 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 5 16 theme films 722:726 arg1 activity 683:690 antibacterial activity 669:690 antibacterial activity 669:690 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 2 17 theme different 375:383 arg1 ratios 385:390 different ratios 375:390 different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer 375:427 Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. 29181832 6 18 theme stability 887:895 arg1 terms 866:870 terms 866:870 terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile 866:919 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 8 19 theme composite 1139:1147 arg1 films 1149:1153 these composite films 1133:1153 these composite films 1133:1153 These findings demonstrate that these composite films hold the potential to be formulated as antibacterial wound dressing. 29181832 8 20 theme wound 1208:1212 arg1 dressing 1214:1221 antibacterial wound dressing 1194:1221 antibacterial wound dressing 1194:1221 These findings demonstrate that these composite films hold the potential to be formulated as antibacterial wound dressing. 29181832 2 21 theme Composite 309:317 arg1 films 319:323 Composite films 309:323 Composite films 309:323 Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. 29181832 8 22 theme antibacterial 1194:1206 arg1 dressing 1214:1221 antibacterial wound dressing 1194:1221 antibacterial wound dressing 1194:1221 These findings demonstrate that these composite films hold the potential to be formulated as antibacterial wound dressing. 29181832 7 23 theme human 1078:1082 arg1 fibroblast 1089:1098 human skin fibroblast 1078:1098 human skin fibroblast 1078:1098 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 6 24 theme appearance 875:884 arg1 terms 866:870 terms 866:870 terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile 866:919 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 7 25 theme controlled 973:982 arg1 manner 984:989 controlled manner 973:989 controlled manner 973:989 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 7 26 theme skin 1084:1087 arg1 fibroblast 1089:1098 human skin fibroblast 1078:1098 human skin fibroblast 1078:1098 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 1 27 theme potential 259:267 arg1 dressings 149:157 Composite film dressings 134:157 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 134:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 27 theme potential 259:267 arg1 system 283:288 potential drug delivery system 259:288 potential drug delivery system for wound healing 259:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 7 28 from ER 967:968 arg1 manner 984:989 controlled manner 973:989 controlled manner 973:989 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 7 29 theme ER-loaded 932:940 arg1 films 952:956 ER-loaded composite films 932:956 ER-loaded composite films 932:956 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 5 30 theme drug 655:658 arg1 release 660:666 drug release 655:666 drug release 655:666 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 0 31 theme wound 58:62 arg1 application 64:74 wound application 58:74 wound application 58:74 Pluronic-F127 composite film loaded with erythromycin for wound application: formulation, physicomechanical and in vitro evaluations. 29181832 1 32 theme drug 269:272 arg1 dressings 149:157 Composite film dressings 134:157 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 134:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 32 theme drug 269:272 arg1 system 283:288 potential drug delivery system 259:288 potential drug delivery system for wound healing 259:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 7 33 theme composite 942:950 arg1 films 952:956 ER-loaded composite films 932:956 ER-loaded composite films 932:956 Moreover, ER-loaded composite films released ER in controlled manner, exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and were non-toxic to human skin fibroblast. 29181832 4 34 theme thermal 624:630 arg1 behavior 632:639 thermal behavior 624:639 thermal behavior 624:639 The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. 29181832 1 35 theme delivery 274:281 arg1 dressings 149:157 Composite film dressings 134:157 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 134:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 35 theme delivery 274:281 arg1 system 283:288 potential drug delivery system 259:288 potential drug delivery system for wound healing 259:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 6 36 theme excellent 827:835 arg1 characters 852:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 2 37 from PL 355:356 arg1 ratios 385:390 different ratios 375:390 different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer 375:427 Composite films were solvent cast by blending PL with PC or GL in different ratios using glycerol (2.5%) as plasticizer. 29181832 1 38 theme Composite 134:142 arg1 dressings 149:157 Composite film dressings 134:157 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 134:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 38 theme Composite 134:142 arg1 system 283:288 potential drug delivery system 259:288 potential drug delivery system for wound healing 259:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 39 theme film 144:147 arg1 dressings 149:157 Composite film dressings 134:157 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 134:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 39 theme film 144:147 arg1 system 283:288 potential drug delivery system 259:288 potential drug delivery system for wound healing 259:306 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 40 theme pluronic 206:213 arg1 F127-gelatin 220:231 pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin 206:231 pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 206:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 40 theme pluronic 206:213 arg1 GL 234:235 GL 234:235 GL 234:235 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 4 41 theme mechanical 600:609 arg1 profile 611:617 mechanical profile 600:617 mechanical profile 600:617 The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. 29181832 5 42 theme drug 775:778 arg1 system 789:794 drug delivery system 775:794 drug delivery system 775:794 In addition, drug release, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility of the films were investigated to assess their potential as drug delivery system. 29181832 4 43 theme composite 528:536 arg1 films 538:542 The optimized composite films 514:542 The optimized composite films 514:542 The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. 29181832 6 44 theme dressing 843:850 arg1 characters 852:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 excellent wound dressing characters 827:861 The composite films exhibited excellent wound dressing characters in terms of appearance, stability, and mechanical profile. 29181832 4 45 theme optimized 518:526 arg1 films 538:542 The optimized composite films 514:542 The optimized composite films 514:542 The optimized composite films were characterized for physical appearance, morphology, mechanical profile, and thermal behavior. 29181832 1 46 theme PL 216:217 arg1 F127-gelatin 220:231 pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin 206:231 pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) 206:236 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 29181832 1 46 theme PL 216:217 arg1 GL 234:235 GL 234:235 GL 234:235 Composite film dressings composed of pluronic F127 (PL)-pectin (PC) and pluronic (PL) F127-gelatin (GL) were investigated as potential drug delivery system for wound healing. 31112008 3 0 dep granules 614:621 arg1 b 605:605 b 605:605 b 605:605 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 1 1 theme phosphate 125:133 arg1 use 110:112 the use 106:112 the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) 106:139 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 3 2 theme press-fit 659:667 arg1 block 673:677 a SiCaP press-fit dry block 651:677 (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block 647:677 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 4 3 from composition 708:718 arg1 identical 695:703 identical 695:703 identical 695:703 Scaffolds were identical in composition and remained in vivo for 4, 8, and 12 weeks. 31112008 1 4 theme CMC 358:360 arg1 putty 363:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 3 5 theme dry 669:671 arg1 block 673:677 a SiCaP press-fit dry block 651:677 (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block 647:677 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 4 6 from identical 695:703 arg1 composition 708:718 composition 708:718 composition 708:718 Scaffolds were identical in composition and remained in vivo for 4, 8, and 12 weeks. 31112008 2 7 theme bone 496:499 arg1 formation 501:509 bone formation 496:509 bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle 496:556 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 5 8 theme apposition 770:779 arg1 rates 781:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 7 9 theme putty 1191:1195 arg1 scaffolds 1197:1205 putty scaffolds 1191:1205 putty scaffolds 1191:1205 At 12 weeks, significantly increased bone was measured for the granules when compared with blocks and no significant difference was found when the granules and putty scaffolds were compared. 31112008 0 10 theme ovine 77:81 arg1 model 83:87 an ovine model 74:87 an ovine model 74:87 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 1 11 theme commercial 273:282 arg1 grafts 289:294 commercial bone grafts 273:294 commercial bone grafts 273:294 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 3 12 theme SiCaP 653:657 arg1 block 673:677 a SiCaP press-fit dry block 651:677 (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block 647:677 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 2 13 theme silicate-substituted 421:440 arg1 scaffold 454:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 1 14 theme bone 284:287 arg1 grafts 289:294 commercial bone grafts 273:294 commercial bone grafts 273:294 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 2 15 theme ovine 536:540 arg1 condyle 550:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 2 16 theme femoral 542:548 arg1 condyle 550:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 2 17 theme porous 414:419 arg1 scaffold 454:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 1 18 theme grafts 289:294 arg1 number 263:268 a number 261:268 a number of commercial bone grafts 261:294 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 5 19 theme bone 788:791 arg1 area 793:796 bone area 788:796 bone area 788:796 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 8 20 theme bone 1335:1338 arg1 formation 1340:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 0 21 theme carboxymethyl 2:14 arg1 carrier 37:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 3 22 dep Putty 638:642 arg1 c 625:625 c 625:625 c 625:625 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 1 23 from limitation 92:101 arg1 use 110:112 the use 106:112 the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) 106:139 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 6 24 theme contact 943:949 arg1 bone 907:910 significantly more new bone and percentage 884:925 bone 907:910 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 6 24 theme contact 943:949 arg1 percentage 916:925 significantly more new bone and percentage 884:925 percentage 916:925 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 2 25 contain have 469:472 arg2 effect 486:491 no negative effect 474:491 no negative effect 474:491 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 2 25 contain have 469:472 arg1 CMC 394:396 CMC 394:396 CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 394:461 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 0 26 theme bone 26:29 arg1 carrier 37:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 3 27 dep empty 583:587 arg1 a 580:580 a 580:580 a 580:580 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 6 28 theme bone-implant 930:941 arg1 contact 943:949 bone-implant contact 930:949 bone-implant contact 930:949 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 3 29 dep block 673:677 arg1 d 648:648 d 648:648 d 648:648 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 0 30 theme cellulose 16:24 arg1 carrier 37:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 3 31 theme SiCaP 608:612 arg1 granules 614:621 (b) SiCaP granules 604:621 (b) SiCaP granules 604:621 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 8 32 theme disadvantageous 1241:1255 arg1 effect 1257:1262 the disadvantageous effect 1237:1262 the disadvantageous effect 1237:1262 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 5 33 theme Bone 765:768 arg1 rates 781:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 2 34 from formation 501:509 arg1 condyle 550:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 an ovine femoral condyle 533:556 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 5 35 theme bone-implant 813:824 arg1 contact 826:832 bone-implant contact 813:832 bone-implant contact 813:832 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 1 36 theme raw 156:158 arg1 form 160:163 its raw form 152:163 its raw form 152:163 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 0 37 theme graft 31:35 arg1 carrier 37:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier 0:43 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 3 38 theme CMC-SiCaP 628:636 arg1 Putty 638:642 (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty 624:642 (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty 624:642 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 2 39 theme SiCaP 447:451 arg1 scaffold 454:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 5 40 theme contact 826:832 arg1 percentage 799:808 percentage 799:808 percentage of bone-implant contact 799:832 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 5 40 theme contact 826:832 arg1 rates 781:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates 765:785 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 5 40 theme contact 826:832 arg1 area 844:847 graft area 838:847 graft area 838:847 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 5 40 theme contact 826:832 arg1 area 793:796 bone area 788:796 bone area 788:796 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 0 41 theme early 52:56 arg1 healing 63:69 early bone healing 52:69 early bone healing 52:69 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 1 42 theme aqueous 319:325 arg1 putty 363:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 8 43 theme early 1285:1289 arg1 growth 1296:1301 early bone growth 1285:1301 early bone growth 1285:1301 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 8 44 theme new 1331:1333 arg1 formation 1340:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 1 45 theme orthopedic 238:247 arg1 surgery 249:255 orthopedic surgery 238:255 orthopedic surgery 238:255 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 2 46 theme negative 477:484 arg1 effect 486:491 no negative effect 474:491 no negative effect 474:491 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 31112008 1 47 theme based 327:331 arg1 putty 363:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 5 48 theme graft 838:842 arg1 area 844:847 graft area 838:847 graft area 838:847 Bone apposition rates, bone area, percentage of bone-implant contact and graft area were quantified. 31112008 8 49 contain have 1277:1280 arg2 formation 1340:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 new bone formation 1331:1348 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 8 49 contain have 1277:1280 arg1 CMC 1269:1271 CMC 1269:1271 CMC 1269:1271 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 8 50 theme press-fit 1371:1379 arg1 block 1381:1385 a press-fit block 1369:1385 a press-fit block composed of the same material 1369:1415 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 1 51 theme carboxymethyl 333:345 arg1 putty 363:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 6 52 dep putty 1004:1008 arg1 scaffolds 1020:1028 scaffolds 1020:1028 scaffolds 1020:1028 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 1 53 theme cellulose 347:355 arg1 putty 363:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty 316:367 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 6 54 theme new 903:905 arg1 bone 907:910 significantly more new bone and percentage 884:925 bone 907:910 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 7 55 theme increased 1058:1066 arg1 bone 1068:1071 significantly increased bone 1044:1071 significantly increased bone 1044:1071 At 12 weeks, significantly increased bone was measured for the granules when compared with blocks and no significant difference was found when the granules and putty scaffolds were compared. 31112008 3 56 dep either 572:577 arg1 empty 583:587 empty 583:587 empty 583:587 Defects were either (a) empty or filled with (b) SiCaP granules, (c) CMC-SiCaP Putty or (d) a SiCaP press-fit dry block. 31112008 6 57 theme more 898:901 arg1 bone 907:910 significantly more new bone and percentage 884:925 bone 907:910 At 4 and 8 weeks, significantly more new bone and percentage of bone-implant contact was measured within granules when compared with both putty and block scaffolds. 31112008 8 58 theme same 1403:1406 arg1 material 1408:1415 the same material 1399:1415 the same material 1399:1415 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 0 59 theme bone 58:61 arg1 healing 63:69 early bone healing 52:69 early bone healing 52:69 A carboxymethyl cellulose bone graft carrier delays early bone healing in an ovine model. 31112008 8 60 theme bone 1291:1294 arg1 growth 1296:1301 early bone growth 1285:1301 early bone growth 1285:1301 Results showed the disadvantageous effect that CMC may have on early bone growth and that granules increased new bone formation when compared with a press-fit block composed of the same material. 31112008 7 61 theme significant 1136:1146 arg1 difference 1148:1157 no significant difference 1133:1157 no significant difference 1133:1157 At 12 weeks, significantly increased bone was measured for the granules when compared with blocks and no significant difference was found when the granules and putty scaffolds were compared. 31112008 1 62 theme calcium 117:123 arg1 CaP 136:138 CaP 136:138 CaP 136:138 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 1 62 theme calcium 117:123 arg1 phosphate 125:133 calcium phosphate 117:133 calcium phosphate (CaP) 117:139 A limitation in the use of calcium phosphate (CaP) is that in its raw form, it comprises blocks or granules, which are limited in their utility for orthopedic surgery and a number of commercial bone grafts are supplied within an aqueous based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) putty. 31112008 2 63 theme CaP 442:444 arg1 scaffold 454:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold 412:461 Our hypothesis was that CMC combined with a porous silicate-substituted CaP (SiCaP) scaffold would have no negative effect on bone formation after implantation in an ovine femoral condyle. 29637833 1 0 theme soft 293:296 arg1 environment 298:308 the soft environment 289:308 the soft environment encountered in vivo 289:328 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 1 1 theme 2-dimensional 146:158 arg1 surfaces 177:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 6 2 theme initial 1002:1008 arg1 swelling 1010:1017 an initial swelling 999:1017 an initial swelling 999:1017 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 2 3 theme pectin-based 439:450 arg1 systems 520:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 2 3 theme pectin-based 439:450 arg1 hydrogels 452:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 4 4 theme cell 842:845 arg1 viability 847:855 cell viability 842:855 cell viability 842:855 Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated. 29637833 1 5 theme complex 397:403 arg1 behavior 414:421 complex cellular behavior 397:421 complex cellular behavior 397:421 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 9 6 theme tissue 1583:1588 arg1 engineering 1590:1600 tissue engineering 1583:1600 tissue engineering 1583:1600 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 3 7 theme different 634:642 arg1 pH 652:653 different initial pH 634:653 different initial pH 634:653 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 3 8 theme crosslinking 674:685 arg1 kinetics 687:694 crosslinking kinetics 674:694 crosslinking kinetics 674:694 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 1 9 theme cellular 405:412 arg1 behavior 414:421 complex cellular behavior 397:421 complex cellular behavior 397:421 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 5 10 theme RESULTS 876:882 arg1 hydrogels 891:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels 876:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels 876:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. 29637833 9 11 theme complex 1536:1542 arg1 behaviors 1553:1561 complex cellular behaviors 1536:1561 complex cellular behaviors 1536:1561 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 5 12 theme Pectin 884:889 arg1 hydrogels 891:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels 876:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels 876:899 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. 29637833 9 13 theme synthetic 1483:1491 arg1 matrix 1507:1512 synthetic extracellular matrix 1483:1512 synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) 1483:1518 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 9 13 theme synthetic 1483:1491 arg1 They 1460:1463 They 1460:1463 They 1460:1463 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 9 13 theme synthetic 1483:1491 arg1 ECM 1515:1517 ECM 1515:1517 ECM 1515:1517 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 7 14 theme cell 1188:1191 arg1 viability 1193:1201 higher cell viability 1181:1201 higher cell viability 1181:1201 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 4 15 theme hydrogels 825:833 arg1 properties 807:816 the viscoelastic properties 790:816 the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels 790:833 Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated. 29637833 1 16 theme 2D 161:162 arg1 surfaces 177:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 7 17 theme glucose 1124:1130 arg1 addition 1112:1119 The addition 1108:1119 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels 1108:1170 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 7 18 theme higher 1181:1186 arg1 viability 1193:1201 higher cell viability 1181:1201 higher cell viability 1181:1201 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 6 19 theme weight 1065:1070 arg1 variation 1072:1080 weight variation 1065:1080 weight variation 1065:1080 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 6 20 dep observed 1023:1030 arg1 followed 1033:1040 followed 1033:1040 followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage 1033:1105 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 7 21 theme % 1211:1211 arg1 % 1215:1215 90%-98% 1209:1215 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation 1209:1242 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 3 22 theme Pectin-based 537:548 arg1 hydrogels 550:558 Pectin-based hydrogels 537:558 Pectin-based hydrogels 537:558 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 1 23 theme polystyrene 165:175 arg1 surfaces 177:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces 146:184 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 0 24 theme Polysaccharide-based 0:19 arg1 hydrogels 21:29 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels 0:29 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems 0:81 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 6 25 theme hydrogel 977:984 arg1 composition 986:996 hydrogel composition 977:996 hydrogel composition 977:996 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 9 26 theme cellular 1544:1551 arg1 behaviors 1553:1561 complex cellular behaviors 1536:1561 complex cellular behaviors 1536:1561 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 8 27 theme CONCLUSIONS 1365:1375 arg1 hydrogels 1390:1398 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels 1365:1398 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition 1365:1429 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition were developed successfully. 29637833 0 28 theme tunable 36:42 arg1 composition 44:54 tunable composition 36:54 tunable composition 36:54 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 1 29 theme controlled 241:250 arg1 composition 261:271 a controlled chemical composition 239:271 a controlled chemical composition 239:271 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 5 30 theme shear-thinning 935:948 arg1 behavior 950:957 shear-thinning behavior 935:957 shear-thinning behavior 935:957 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. 29637833 7 31 from effect 1317:1322 arg1 properties 1340:1349 viscoelastic properties 1327:1349 viscoelastic properties 1327:1349 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 6 32 theme low 1047:1049 arg1 percentage 1051:1060 a low percentage 1045:1060 a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage 1045:1105 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 1 33 theme chemical 252:259 arg1 composition 261:271 a controlled chemical composition 239:271 a controlled chemical composition 239:271 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 2 34 theme culture 512:518 arg1 systems 520:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 2 34 theme culture 512:518 arg1 hydrogels 452:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 1 35 theme chemical 338:345 arg1 stimuli 347:353 the chemical stimuli 334:353 the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior 334:421 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 1 36 theme cell 104:107 arg1 cultures 109:116 cell cultures 104:116 cell cultures 104:116 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 9 37 theme extracellular 1493:1505 arg1 matrix 1507:1512 synthetic extracellular matrix 1483:1512 synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) 1483:1518 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 9 37 theme extracellular 1493:1505 arg1 They 1460:1463 They 1460:1463 They 1460:1463 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 9 37 theme extracellular 1493:1505 arg1 ECM 1515:1517 ECM 1515:1517 ECM 1515:1517 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 7 38 theme glutamine 1136:1144 arg1 addition 1112:1119 The addition 1108:1119 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels 1108:1170 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 2 39 theme cell 507:510 arg1 systems 520:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 2 39 theme cell 507:510 arg1 hydrogels 452:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 3 40 theme initial 644:650 arg1 pH 652:653 different initial pH 634:653 different initial pH 634:653 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 4 41 theme viscoelastic 794:805 arg1 properties 807:816 the viscoelastic properties 790:816 the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels 790:833 Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated. 29637833 1 42 theme 3-dimensional 192:204 arg1 systems 211:217 3-dimensional (3D) systems 192:217 3-dimensional (3D) systems 192:217 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 6 43 theme variation 1072:1080 arg1 percentage 1051:1060 a low percentage 1045:1060 a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage 1045:1105 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 2 44 theme versatile 497:505 arg1 systems 520:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 versatile cell culture systems 497:526 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 2 44 theme versatile 497:505 arg1 hydrogels 452:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 pectin-based hydrogels 439:460 In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems. 29637833 7 45 theme viscoelastic 1327:1338 arg1 properties 1340:1349 viscoelastic properties 1327:1349 viscoelastic properties 1327:1349 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 0 46 theme cell 62:65 arg1 systems 75:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 3 47 with pectin 601:606 arg1 carbonate 621:629 calcium carbonate 613:629 calcium carbonate 613:629 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 7 48 dep 7 1291:1291 arg1 to 1288:1289 to 1288:1289 to 1288:1289 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 0 49 theme 3D 59:60 arg1 systems 75:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 1 50 theme cell 368:371 arg1 proliferation 373:385 cell proliferation 368:385 cell proliferation 368:385 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 0 51 with hydrogels 21:29 arg1 composition 44:54 tunable composition 36:54 tunable composition 36:54 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 1 52 dep BACKGROUND 84:93 arg1 created 128:134 created 128:134 have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior 118:421 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 7 53 theme pectin-based 1149:1160 arg1 hydrogels 1162:1170 pectin-based hydrogels 1149:1170 pectin-based hydrogels 1149:1170 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 8 54 theme Pectin-based 1377:1388 arg1 hydrogels 1390:1398 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels 1365:1398 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition 1365:1429 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition were developed successfully. 29637833 1 55 dep 3-dimensional 192:204 arg1 3D 207:208 3D 207:208 3D 207:208 BACKGROUND To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. 29637833 5 56 theme high 911:914 arg1 viability 921:929 high cell viability 911:929 high cell viability 911:929 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. 29637833 9 57 dep envisioned 1469:1478 arg1 either 1520:1525 either 1520:1525 either 1520:1525 They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes. 29637833 8 58 theme tunable 1411:1417 arg1 composition 1419:1429 tunable composition 1411:1429 tunable composition 1411:1429 CONCLUSIONS Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition were developed successfully. 29637833 3 59 theme calcium 613:619 arg1 carbonate 621:629 calcium carbonate 613:629 calcium carbonate 613:629 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 5 60 theme cell 916:919 arg1 viability 921:929 high cell viability 911:929 high cell viability 911:929 RESULTS Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. 29637833 7 61 theme incubation 1233:1242 arg1 hour 1225:1228 1 hour 1223:1228 1 hour of incubation 1223:1242 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 3 62 from pH 652:653 arg1 pectin 601:606 internally crosslinking pectin 577:606 internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH 577:653 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 6 63 theme steady-state 1088:1099 arg1 stage 1101:1105 a steady-state stage 1086:1105 a steady-state stage 1086:1105 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 3 64 theme crosslinking 588:599 arg1 pectin 601:606 internally crosslinking pectin 577:606 internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH 577:653 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 29637833 4 65 from effects 779:785 arg1 viability 847:855 cell viability 842:855 cell viability 842:855 Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated. 29637833 4 65 from effects 779:785 arg1 properties 807:816 the viscoelastic properties 790:816 the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels 790:833 Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated. 29637833 6 66 theme stage 1101:1105 arg1 percentage 1051:1060 a low percentage 1045:1060 a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage 1045:1105 Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. 29637833 0 67 theme culture 67:73 arg1 systems 75:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 3D cell culture systems 59:81 Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. 29637833 7 68 theme culture 1301:1307 arg1 days 1293:1296 up to 7 days 1285:1296 up to 7 days of culture 1285:1307 The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected. 29637833 3 69 dep METHODS 529:535 arg1 produced 565:572 produced 565:572 produced 565:572 METHODS Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. 31415854 0 0 theme innovative 68:77 arg1 pathway 79:85 A promising innovative pathway 56:85 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 9 1 theme presented 1360:1368 arg1 data 1370:1373 the presented data 1356:1373 the presented data 1356:1373 The kinetic data was determined and pseudo-second-order rate equation showed well-fit (R2 > 0.998) to the presented data. 31415854 8 2 theme adsorption 1099:1108 arg1 data 1110:1113 The adsorption data 1095:1113 The adsorption data 1095:1113 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 10 3 theme aqueous 1574:1580 arg1 dispersibility 1582:1595 better aqueous dispersibility 1567:1595 better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1567:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 1 4 theme calcium 253:259 arg1 crosslinker 261:271 calcium crosslinker 253:271 calcium crosslinker 253:271 Pectin was hydrolyzed and was processed in spherically-shaped structure through calcium crosslinker. 31415854 0 5 theme promising 58:66 arg1 pathway 79:85 A promising innovative pathway 56:85 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 2 6 with derivatization 431:444 arg1 hydroxylamine 451:463 hydroxylamine 451:463 hydroxylamine 451:463 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 3 7 from applicability 544:556 arg1 system 573:578 the aqueous system 561:578 the aqueous system 561:578 The matrix was further decorated with the iron metal to enhance the practical applicability in the aqueous system. 31415854 4 8 theme gravimetric 628:638 arg1 analysis 640:647 gravimetric analysis 628:647 gravimetric analysis 628:647 The chemical structures were characterized via gravimetric analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, elemental analysis, XPS and XRD. 31415854 5 9 theme substantial 768:778 arg1 groups 799:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups 768:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 768:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 10 10 theme trace 1520:1524 arg1 level 1526:1530 trace level 1520:1530 trace level 1520:1530 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 9 11 theme kinetic 1258:1264 arg1 data 1266:1269 The kinetic data 1254:1269 The kinetic data 1254:1269 The kinetic data was determined and pseudo-second-order rate equation showed well-fit (R2 > 0.998) to the presented data. 31415854 5 12 theme receptor 780:787 arg1 groups 799:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups 768:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 768:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 6 13 theme adsorption 862:871 arg1 process 851:857 The process 847:857 The process of adsorption 847:871 The process of adsorption was concluded with good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime. 31415854 5 14 theme amidoxime 789:797 arg1 groups 799:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups 768:804 substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 768:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 10 15 theme pH 1551:1552 arg1 range 1554:1558 a wide optimum pH range 1536:1558 a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1536:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 7 16 theme fluoride 1024:1031 arg1 uptake 1033:1038 fluoride uptake 1024:1038 fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions 1024:1092 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 2 17 theme spherical-bead 290:303 arg1 structure 305:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure 274:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure 274:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 7 18 from Cl- 1050:1052 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 5 19 theme groups 799:804 arg1 presence 756:763 the presence 752:763 the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 752:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 5 20 from presence 756:763 arg1 morphology 809:818 morphology 809:818 morphology 809:818 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 5 20 from presence 756:763 arg1 composition 834:844 elemental composition 824:844 elemental composition 824:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 7 21 theme insignificant 997:1009 arg1 influence 1011:1019 an insignificant influence 994:1019 an insignificant influence 994:1019 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 0 22 dep pathway 79:85 arg1 tailor 90:95 tailor 90:95 to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption 87:170 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 10 23 dep cost-effective 1439:1452 arg1 adsorbent 1481:1489 adsorbent 1481:1489 adsorbent 1481:1489 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 24 theme Fe-impregnated 1403:1416 arg1 amidoxime 1423:1431 amidoxime 1423:1431 amidoxime 1423:1431 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 24 theme Fe-impregnated 1403:1416 arg1 poly 1418:1421 Fe-impregnated poly 1403:1421 Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) 1403:1432 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 24 theme Fe-impregnated 1403:1416 arg1 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 0 25 theme shaped 12:17 arg1 complex 47:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex 0:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 5 26 theme elemental 824:832 arg1 composition 834:844 elemental composition 824:844 elemental composition 824:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 10 27 theme wide 1538:1541 arg1 range 1554:1558 a wide optimum pH range 1536:1558 a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1536:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 2 28 theme acrylonitrile 345:357 arg1 reaction 368:375 acrylonitrile grafting reaction 345:375 acrylonitrile grafting reaction 345:375 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 7 29 from PO43- 1058:1062 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 5 30 from composition 834:844 arg1 presence 756:763 the presence 752:763 the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 752:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 10 31 theme fluoride 1495:1502 arg1 removal 1504:1510 fluoride removal 1495:1510 fluoride removal 1495:1510 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 2 32 theme pectin 412:417 arg1 applications 396:407 the applications 392:407 the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine 392:463 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 8 33 theme isotherm 1160:1167 arg1 model 1169:1173 the Freundlich isotherm model 1145:1173 the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional 1145:1251 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 8 33 theme isotherm 1160:1167 arg1 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 9 34 theme pseudo-second-order 1290:1308 arg1 equation 1315:1322 pseudo-second-order rate equation 1290:1322 pseudo-second-order rate equation 1290:1322 The kinetic data was determined and pseudo-second-order rate equation showed well-fit (R2 > 0.998) to the presented data. 31415854 3 35 theme iron 508:511 arg1 metal 513:517 the iron metal 504:517 the iron metal 504:517 The matrix was further decorated with the iron metal to enhance the practical applicability in the aqueous system. 31415854 0 36 theme pectin-g-poly 19:31 arg1 complex 47:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex 0:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 0 37 theme new 99:101 arg1 material 103:110 a new material 97:110 a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption 97:170 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 9 38 theme rate 1310:1313 arg1 equation 1315:1322 pseudo-second-order rate equation 1290:1322 pseudo-second-order rate equation 1290:1322 The kinetic data was determined and pseudo-second-order rate equation showed well-fit (R2 > 0.998) to the presented data. 31415854 10 39 theme groups 1608:1613 arg1 dispersibility 1582:1595 better aqueous dispersibility 1567:1595 better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1567:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 40 from level 1526:1530 arg1 poly 1418:1421 Fe-impregnated poly 1403:1421 Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) 1403:1432 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 40 from level 1526:1530 arg1 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 0 41 theme high 115:118 arg1 functionalization 130:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 5 42 from groups 799:804 arg1 morphology 809:818 morphology 809:818 morphology 809:818 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 5 42 from groups 799:804 arg1 composition 834:844 elemental composition 824:844 elemental composition 824:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 0 43 dep complex 47:53 arg1 pathway 79:85 A promising innovative pathway 56:85 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 6 44 with capacity 908:915 arg1 iron-impregnated-amidoxime 922:947 iron-impregnated-amidoxime 922:947 iron-impregnated-amidoxime 922:947 The process of adsorption was concluded with good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime. 31415854 0 45 theme amidoxime 33:41 arg1 complex 47:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex 0:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 7 46 contain had 990:992 arg1 presence 954:961 The presence 950:961 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- 950:988 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 7 46 contain had 990:992 arg2 influence 1011:1019 an insignificant influence 994:1019 an insignificant influence 994:1019 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 4 47 theme elemental 665:673 arg1 analysis 675:682 elemental analysis 665:682 elemental analysis 665:682 The chemical structures were characterized via gravimetric analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, elemental analysis, XPS and XRD. 31415854 10 48 theme sorption 1635:1642 arg1 application 1644:1654 the sorption application 1631:1654 the sorption application 1631:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 8 49 theme ligand 1227:1232 arg1 surface 1212:1218 the surface 1208:1218 the surface of the ligand 1208:1232 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 8 49 theme ligand 1227:1232 arg1 multifunctional 1237:1251 multifunctional 1237:1251 multifunctional 1237:1251 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 10 50 theme pendent 1600:1606 arg1 groups 1608:1613 pendent groups 1600:1613 pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1600:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 51 theme better 1567:1572 arg1 dispersibility 1582:1595 better aqueous dispersibility 1567:1595 better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1567:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 5 52 theme exceptional 724:734 arg1 uniformity 736:745 the exceptional uniformity 720:745 the exceptional uniformity 720:745 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 2 53 dep functionalized 327:340 arg1 surface 319:325 surface 319:325 surface 319:325 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 0 54 theme -Fe 43:45 arg1 complex 47:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex 0:53 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 0:171 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 4 55 theme chemical 585:592 arg1 structures 594:603 The chemical structures 581:603 The chemical structures 581:603 The chemical structures were characterized via gravimetric analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, elemental analysis, XPS and XRD. 31415854 0 56 theme amidoxime 120:128 arg1 functionalization 130:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 10 57 theme responsible 1615:1625 arg1 groups 1608:1613 pendent groups 1600:1613 pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1600:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 58 theme optimum 1543:1549 arg1 range 1554:1558 a wide optimum pH range 1536:1558 a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application 1536:1654 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 7 59 theme a 1067:1067 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 3 60 theme practical 534:542 arg1 applicability 544:556 the practical applicability 530:556 the practical applicability in the aqueous system 530:578 The matrix was further decorated with the iron metal to enhance the practical applicability in the aqueous system. 31415854 0 61 theme fluoride 152:159 arg1 adsorption 161:170 fluoride adsorption 152:170 fluoride adsorption 152:170 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 6 62 theme adsorption 897:906 arg1 capacity 908:915 good adsorption capacity 892:915 good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime 892:947 The process of adsorption was concluded with good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime. 31415854 7 63 theme binary/mixture 1069:1082 arg1 solutions 1084:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 a binary/mixture solutions 1067:1092 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 7 64 theme NO3- 985:988 arg1 presence 954:961 The presence 950:961 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- 950:988 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 8 65 theme Freundlich 1149:1158 arg1 model 1169:1173 the Freundlich isotherm model 1145:1173 the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional 1145:1251 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 8 65 theme Freundlich 1149:1158 arg1 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 R2 > 0.998 1176:1185 The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. 31415854 2 66 theme synthesized 278:288 arg1 structure 305:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure 274:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure 274:313 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 6 67 theme good 892:895 arg1 capacity 908:915 good adsorption capacity 892:915 good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime 892:947 The process of adsorption was concluded with good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime. 31415854 2 68 theme grafting 359:366 arg1 reaction 368:375 acrylonitrile grafting reaction 345:375 acrylonitrile grafting reaction 345:375 The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. 31415854 7 69 theme SO42- 974:978 arg1 presence 954:961 The presence 950:961 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- 950:988 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 31415854 1 70 theme spherically-shaped 216:233 arg1 structure 235:243 spherically-shaped structure 216:243 spherically-shaped structure 216:243 Pectin was hydrolyzed and was processed in spherically-shaped structure through calcium crosslinker. 31415854 5 71 from morphology 809:818 arg1 presence 756:763 the presence 752:763 the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition 752:844 The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. 31415854 10 72 from range 1554:1558 arg1 poly 1418:1421 Fe-impregnated poly 1403:1421 Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) 1403:1432 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 10 72 from range 1554:1558 arg1 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 cost-effective 1439:1452 The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application. 31415854 0 73 from material 103:110 arg1 functionalization 130:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 high amidoxime functionalization 115:146 Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. 31415854 3 74 theme aqueous 565:571 arg1 system 573:578 the aqueous system 561:578 the aqueous system 561:578 The matrix was further decorated with the iron metal to enhance the practical applicability in the aqueous system. 31415854 7 75 theme S2O32- 966:971 arg1 presence 954:961 The presence 950:961 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- 950:988 The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. 30184761 2 0 theme @ 532:532 arg1 HAp-CD 533:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 0 theme @ 532:532 arg1 nanocomposite 427:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite 383:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 383:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 1 theme electron 741:748 arg1 TEM 762:764 TEM 762:764 TEM 762:764 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 1 theme electron 741:748 arg1 microscopy 750:759 transmission electron microscopy 728:759 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 728:765 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 2 from grafting 449:456 arg1 surface 516:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 3 theme novel 385:389 arg1 HAp-CD 533:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 3 theme novel 385:389 arg1 nanocomposite 427:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite 383:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 383:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 4 theme dispersive 835:844 arg1 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 4 theme dispersive 835:844 arg1 spectroscopy 852:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 828:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) 828:869 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 5 theme γ-Fe2O3 525:531 arg1 HAp-CD 533:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 5 theme γ-Fe2O3 525:531 arg1 nanocomposite 427:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite 383:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 383:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 6 theme X-ray 846:850 arg1 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 6 theme X-ray 846:850 arg1 spectroscopy 852:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 828:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) 828:869 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 7 theme efficient 311:319 arg1 procedure 321:329 an efficient procedure 308:329 an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 308:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 8 theme energy 828:833 arg1 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 EDS 866:868 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 8 theme energy 828:833 arg1 spectroscopy 852:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 828:863 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) 828:869 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 0 9 theme derivatives 114:124 arg1 synthesis 92:100 the synthesis 88:100 the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives 88:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 10 theme phenacyl 105:112 arg1 derivatives 114:124 phenacyl derivatives 105:124 phenacyl derivatives 105:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 2 11 theme retrievable 415:425 arg1 HAp-CD 533:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 11 theme retrievable 415:425 arg1 nanocomposite 427:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite 383:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 383:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 12 theme Thermo-Gravimetric 768:785 arg1 Analysis 787:794 Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis 768:794 Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) 768:800 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 12 theme Thermo-Gravimetric 768:785 arg1 TGA 797:799 TGA 797:799 TGA 797:799 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 13 theme different 609:617 arg1 methods 619:625 different methods 609:625 different methods 609:625 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 4 14 theme catalytic 1006:1014 arg1 activity 1016:1023 the catalytic activity 1002:1023 the catalytic activity in the reaction 1002:1039 Our results indicate that conjugation with β-CD improves the catalytic activity in the reaction. 30184761 1 15 theme various 190:196 arg1 applications 198:209 various applications 190:209 various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction 190:278 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 2 16 theme moieties 476:483 arg1 grafting 449:456 the grafting 445:456 the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 445:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 17 theme β-cyclodextrin 461:474 arg1 moieties 476:483 β-cyclodextrin moieties 461:483 β-cyclodextrin moieties 461:483 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 4 18 from activity 1016:1023 arg1 reaction 1032:1039 the reaction 1028:1039 the reaction 1028:1039 Our results indicate that conjugation with β-CD improves the catalytic activity in the reaction. 30184761 3 19 theme Emission 680:687 arg1 Microscopy 707:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 674:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) 674:725 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 19 theme Emission 680:687 arg1 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 20 theme vibrating 908:916 arg1 VSM 939:941 VSM 939:941 VSM 939:941 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 20 theme vibrating 908:916 arg1 magnetometry 925:936 vibrating sample magnetometry 908:936 vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) 908:942 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 21 theme derivatives 361:371 arg1 synthesis 339:347 the synthesis 335:347 the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 335:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 22 theme Scanning 689:696 arg1 Microscopy 707:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 674:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) 674:725 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 22 theme Scanning 689:696 arg1 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 23 theme sample 918:923 arg1 VSM 939:941 VSM 939:941 VSM 939:941 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 23 theme sample 918:923 arg1 magnetometry 925:936 vibrating sample magnetometry 908:936 vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) 908:942 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 1 24 theme medical 214:220 arg1 engineering 222:232 medical engineering 214:232 medical engineering 214:232 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 0 25 theme hydroxyapatite 35:48 arg1 nanocomposite 50:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 25 theme hydroxyapatite 35:48 arg1 scaffold 75:82 a novel scaffold 67:82 a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives 67:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 26 theme @ 33:33 arg1 nanocomposite 50:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 26 theme @ 33:33 arg1 scaffold 75:82 a novel scaffold 67:82 a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives 67:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 4 27 with conjugation 971:981 arg1 β-CD 988:991 β-CD 988:991 β-CD 988:991 Our results indicate that conjugation with β-CD improves the catalytic activity in the reaction. 30184761 2 28 theme hydroxyapatite 501:514 arg1 surface 516:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 29 theme X-ray 803:807 arg1 XRD 822:824 XRD 822:824 XRD 822:824 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 29 theme X-ray 803:807 arg1 diffraction 809:819 X-ray diffraction 803:819 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 803:825 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 30 theme Field 674:678 arg1 Microscopy 707:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 674:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) 674:725 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 30 theme Field 674:678 arg1 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 31 theme magnetic 492:499 arg1 surface 516:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 488:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 1 32 from applications 198:209 arg1 nanocomposite 238:250 nanocomposite 238:250 nanocomposite 238:250 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 1 32 from applications 198:209 arg1 engineering 222:232 medical engineering 214:232 medical engineering 214:232 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 1 33 theme Magnetic 127:134 arg1 hydroxyapatite 136:149 Magnetic hydroxyapatite 127:149 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) 127:155 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 1 33 theme Magnetic 127:134 arg1 HAp 152:154 HAp 152:154 HAp 152:154 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 30184761 2 34 theme present 285:291 arg1 work 293:296 The present work 281:296 The present work 281:296 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 35 theme Infrared 643:650 arg1 FT-IR 666:670 FT-IR 666:670 FT-IR 666:670 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 35 theme Infrared 643:650 arg1 Spectroscopy 652:663 Infrared Spectroscopy 643:663 Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) 643:671 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 36 theme phenacyl 352:359 arg1 derivatives 361:371 phenacyl derivatives 352:371 phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 352:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 3 37 theme Electron 698:705 arg1 Microscopy 707:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy 674:716 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) 674:725 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 37 theme Electron 698:705 arg1 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 FE-SEM 719:724 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 38 theme nanocomposite 578:590 arg1 structure 545:553 The structure 541:553 The structure 541:553 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 38 theme nanocomposite 578:590 arg1 composition 559:569 composition 559:569 composition 559:569 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 2 39 theme green 392:396 arg1 HAp-CD 533:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD 525:538 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 2 39 theme green 392:396 arg1 nanocomposite 427:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite 383:439 a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface 383:522 The present work describes an efficient procedure for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives employing a novel, green and magnetically retrievable nanocomposite via the grafting of β-cyclodextrin moieties on the magnetic hydroxyapatite surface, γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD. 30184761 0 40 theme novel 69:73 arg1 nanocomposite 50:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 40 theme novel 69:73 arg1 scaffold 75:82 a novel scaffold 67:82 a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives 67:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 3 41 theme transmission 728:739 arg1 TEM 762:764 TEM 762:764 TEM 762:764 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 3 41 theme transmission 728:739 arg1 microscopy 750:759 transmission electron microscopy 728:759 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 728:765 The structure and composition of the nanocomposite was performed by different methods and analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). 30184761 0 42 theme γ-Fe2O3 26:32 arg1 nanocomposite 50:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite 26:62 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 0 42 theme γ-Fe2O3 26:32 arg1 scaffold 75:82 a novel scaffold 67:82 a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives 67:124 β-Cyclodextrin engineered γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite nanocomposite as a novel scaffold for the synthesis of phenacyl derivatives. 30184761 1 43 theme transformation 256:269 arg1 reaction 271:278 transformation reaction 256:278 transformation reaction 256:278 Magnetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) is being widely investigated for various applications in medical engineering and nanocomposite for transformation reaction. 31750469 1 0 theme oxidation 310:318 arg1 properties 320:329 its thermal and oxidation properties 294:329 properties 320:329 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 2 1 theme stability 344:352 arg1 analysis 354:361 Composition stability analysis 332:361 Composition stability analysis 332:361 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 5 2 theme positive 1057:1064 arg1 relationships 1066:1078 significant positive relationships 1045:1078 significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp) 1045:1100 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 2 3 theme precursor 546:554 arg1 oil 556:558 the precursor oil 542:558 the precursor oil 542:558 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 6 4 with correlation 1198:1208 arg1 Tp 1217:1218 Tp 1217:1218 Tp 1217:1218 As for C(Tp) and C(ΔH), nine lignans, 13 glycerides and three FAs exhibited a notable positive correlation with k(Tp). 31750469 6 4 with correlation 1198:1208 arg1 k 1215:1215 k 1215:1215 k(Tp) 1215:1219 As for C(Tp) and C(ΔH), nine lignans, 13 glycerides and three FAs exhibited a notable positive correlation with k(Tp). 31750469 2 5 theme Composition 332:342 arg1 analysis 354:361 Composition stability analysis 332:361 Composition stability analysis 332:361 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 6 6 theme positive 1189:1196 arg1 correlation 1198:1208 a notable positive correlation 1179:1208 a notable positive correlation with k(Tp) 1179:1219 As for C(Tp) and C(ΔH), nine lignans, 13 glycerides and three FAs exhibited a notable positive correlation with k(Tp). 31750469 0 7 theme chinensis 98:106 arg1 oil 108:110 Schisandra chinensis oil 87:110 Schisandra chinensis oil 87:110 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 5 8 theme FAs 1005:1007 arg1 glycerides 1013:1022 18 FAs, 10 glycerides 1002:1022 glycerides 1013:1022 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 1 9 theme relationship 239:250 arg1 description 220:230 a quick, visual description 204:230 a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties 204:329 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 0 10 theme Schisandra 87:96 arg1 oil 108:110 Schisandra chinensis oil 87:110 Schisandra chinensis oil 87:110 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 3 11 dep 82.25 623:627 arg1 to 620:621 to 620:621 to 620:621 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 3 12 theme candlestick 658:668 arg1 CW 675:676 CW 675:676 CW 675:676 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 3 12 theme candlestick 658:668 arg1 wax 670:672 candlestick wax 658:672 candlestick wax (CW) 658:677 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 1 13 theme stability 154:162 arg1 evaluation 140:149 the evaluation 136:149 the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels 136:188 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 6 14 theme notable 1181:1187 arg1 correlation 1198:1208 a notable positive correlation 1179:1208 a notable positive correlation with k(Tp) 1179:1219 As for C(Tp) and C(ΔH), nine lignans, 13 glycerides and three FAs exhibited a notable positive correlation with k(Tp). 31750469 2 15 theme all 385:387 arg1 acids 442:446 approximately 24 fatty acids 419:446 approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs) 419:452 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 15 theme all 385:387 arg1 diglycerides 461:472 seven diglycerides 455:472 seven diglycerides (DAGs) 455:479 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 15 theme all 385:387 arg1 triglycerides 485:497 21 triglycerides 482:497 21 triglycerides (TAGs) 482:504 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 15 theme all 385:387 arg1 lignans 513:519 19 lignans 510:519 19 lignans 510:519 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 15 theme all 385:387 arg1 components 397:406 almost all oleogel components 378:406 almost all oleogel components 378:406 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 4 16 theme various 880:886 arg1 oleogels 888:895 the various oleogels 876:895 the various oleogels 876:895 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 4 17 theme slight 851:856 arg1 differences 858:868 slight differences 851:868 slight differences among the various oleogels 851:895 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 5 18 with relationships 961:973 arg1 Ts 993:994 Ts 993:994 Ts 993:994 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 18 with relationships 961:973 arg1 Ts 982:983 Ts 982:983 Ts 982:983 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 18 with relationships 961:973 arg1 Ea 990:991 Ea 990:991 Ea(Ts) 990:995 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 18 with relationships 961:973 arg1 k 980:980 k 980:980 k(Ts) 980:984 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 1 19 theme components 167:176 arg1 stability 154:162 stability 154:162 stability of components in oleogels 154:188 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 0 20 theme Thermal 0:6 arg1 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability 0:30 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 4 21 theme oxidation 766:774 arg1 analysis 776:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis 714:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 714:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 2 22 theme fatty 436:440 arg1 acids 442:446 approximately 24 fatty acids 419:446 approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs) 419:452 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 22 theme fatty 436:440 arg1 FAs 449:451 FAs 449:451 FAs 449:451 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 0 23 theme oxidation 12:20 arg1 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability 0:30 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 5 24 contain had 1041:1043 arg1 glycerides 1013:1022 18 FAs, 10 glycerides 1002:1022 glycerides 1013:1022 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 24 contain had 1041:1043 arg1 lignans 1033:1039 four lignans 1028:1039 four lignans 1028:1039 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 24 contain had 1041:1043 arg2 relationships 1066:1078 significant positive relationships 1045:1078 significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp) 1045:1100 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 0 25 theme functional 35:44 arg1 oleogels 46:53 functional oleogels 35:53 functional oleogels 35:53 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 5 26 theme significant 1045:1055 arg1 relationships 1066:1078 significant positive relationships 1045:1078 significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp) 1045:1100 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 7 27 theme new 1296:1298 arg1 perspective 1312:1322 a new application perspective 1294:1322 a new application perspective 1294:1322 These results might provide guidance for designing oleogel features and a new application perspective on the stability of solidified oils. 31750469 7 28 theme oleogel 1273:1279 arg1 features 1281:1288 oleogel features 1273:1288 oleogel features 1273:1288 These results might provide guidance for designing oleogel features and a new application perspective on the stability of solidified oils. 31750469 2 29 theme oleogel 389:395 arg1 acids 442:446 approximately 24 fatty acids 419:446 approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs) 419:452 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 29 theme oleogel 389:395 arg1 diglycerides 461:472 seven diglycerides 455:472 seven diglycerides (DAGs) 455:479 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 29 theme oleogel 389:395 arg1 triglycerides 485:497 21 triglycerides 482:497 21 triglycerides (TAGs) 482:504 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 29 theme oleogel 389:395 arg1 lignans 513:519 19 lignans 510:519 19 lignans 510:519 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 2 29 theme oleogel 389:395 arg1 components 397:406 almost all oleogel components 378:406 almost all oleogel components 378:406 Composition stability analysis indicated that almost all oleogel components, including approximately 24 fatty acids (FAs), seven diglycerides (DAGs), 21 triglycerides (TAGs) and 19 lignans, were inherited from the precursor oil. 31750469 1 30 theme oleogel 282:288 arg1 properties 320:329 its thermal and oxidation properties 294:329 properties 320:329 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 1 30 theme oleogel 282:288 arg1 composition 264:274 the composition 260:274 the composition of an oleogel 260:288 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 1 31 dep quick 206:210 arg1 visual 213:218 visual 213:218 visual 213:218 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 3 32 theme component 693:701 arg1 stability 703:711 higher component stability 686:711 higher component stability 686:711 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 3 33 theme different 583:591 arg1 oleogels 593:600 different oleogels 583:600 different oleogels 583:600 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 4 34 theme melting 750:756 arg1 analysis 776:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis 714:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 714:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 0 35 theme oleogels 46:53 arg1 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability 0:30 stability 22:30 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 4 36 theme oleogels 792:799 arg1 analysis 776:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis 714:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 714:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 5 37 theme positive 952:959 arg1 relationships 961:973 significant positive relationships 940:973 significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts) 940:995 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 38 theme significant 940:950 arg1 relationships 961:973 significant positive relationships 940:973 significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts) 940:995 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 1 39 from oleogels 181:188 arg1 stability 154:162 stability 154:162 stability of components in oleogels 154:188 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 3 40 theme higher 686:691 arg1 stability 703:711 higher component stability 686:711 higher component stability 686:711 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 4 41 theme scanning 817:824 arg1 DSC 839:841 DSC 839:841 DSC 839:841 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 4 41 theme scanning 817:824 arg1 calorimetry 826:836 differential scanning calorimetry 804:836 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 804:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 4 42 theme Non-isothermal 714:727 arg1 crystallization 729:743 Non-isothermal crystallization 714:743 Non-isothermal crystallization (C) 714:747 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 4 42 theme Non-isothermal 714:727 arg1 C 746:746 C 746:746 C 746:746 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 3 43 theme oil 565:567 arg1 content 569:575 The oil content 561:575 The oil content among different oleogels 561:600 The oil content among different oleogels ranged from 56.17 to 82.25%, and the oleogels made with candlestick wax (CW) showed higher component stability. 31750469 5 44 with relationships 1066:1078 arg1 Tp 1098:1099 Tp 1098:1099 Tp 1098:1099 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 44 with relationships 1066:1078 arg1 Tp 1087:1088 Tp 1087:1088 Tp 1087:1088 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 44 with relationships 1066:1078 arg1 Ea 1095:1096 Ea 1095:1096 Ea(Tp) 1095:1100 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 44 with relationships 1066:1078 arg1 k 1085:1085 k 1085:1085 k(Tp) 1085:1089 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 45 contain had 936:938 arg1 components 925:934 seven components 919:934 seven components 919:934 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 5 45 contain had 936:938 arg2 relationships 961:973 significant positive relationships 940:973 significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts) 940:995 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 1 46 theme quick 206:210 arg1 description 220:230 a quick, visual description 204:230 a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties 204:329 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 4 47 theme differential 804:815 arg1 DSC 839:841 DSC 839:841 DSC 839:841 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 4 47 theme differential 804:815 arg1 calorimetry 826:836 differential scanning calorimetry 804:836 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 804:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 5 48 theme visual 902:907 arg1 analysis 909:916 visual analysis 902:916 visual analysis 902:916 For visual analysis, seven components had significant positive relationships with k(Ts) and Ea(Ts), and 18 FAs, 10 glycerides and four lignans had significant positive relationships with k(Tp) and Ea(Tp). 31750469 1 49 from components 167:176 arg1 oleogels 181:188 oleogels 181:188 oleogels 181:188 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 7 50 theme oils 1355:1358 arg1 stability 1331:1339 the stability 1327:1339 the stability of solidified oils 1327:1358 These results might provide guidance for designing oleogel features and a new application perspective on the stability of solidified oils. 31750469 0 51 theme edible 65:70 arg1 wax/starch 72:81 edible wax/starch 65:81 edible wax/starch 65:81 Thermal and oxidation stability of functional oleogels formed by edible wax/starch and Schisandra chinensis oil. 31750469 7 52 theme application 1300:1310 arg1 perspective 1312:1322 a new application perspective 1294:1322 a new application perspective 1294:1322 These results might provide guidance for designing oleogel features and a new application perspective on the stability of solidified oils. 31750469 4 53 theme crystallization 729:743 arg1 analysis 776:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis 714:783 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 714:842 Non-isothermal crystallization (C), melting (M) and oxidation analysis of the oleogels by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed slight differences among the various oleogels. 31750469 1 54 from stability 154:162 arg1 oleogels 181:188 oleogels 181:188 oleogels 181:188 This work was aimed at the evaluation of stability of components in oleogels and providing a quick, visual description of the relationship between the composition of an oleogel and its thermal and oxidation properties. 31750469 7 55 theme solidified 1344:1353 arg1 oils 1355:1358 solidified oils 1344:1358 solidified oils 1344:1358 These results might provide guidance for designing oleogel features and a new application perspective on the stability of solidified oils. 30684724 0 0 theme bifunctional 79:90 arg1 HZSM-5 105:110 bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 79:110 bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 79:110 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 2 1 theme quartz 457:462 arg1 reactor 464:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 1 2 theme Pore 172:175 arg1 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 (Z5) 218:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 2 theme Pore 172:175 arg1 sites 209:213 accessible active sites 191:213 accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) 191:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 2 theme Pore 172:175 arg1 factors 242:248 the key factors 234:248 the key factors for its catalysis 234:266 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 2 theme Pore 172:175 arg1 structure 177:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 2 3 theme tube 452:455 arg1 reactor 464:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 6 4 dep bio-oils 1092:1099 arg1 characterization 1114:1129 characterization 1114:1129 characterization 1114:1129 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 6 5 theme reaction 972:979 arg1 routes 981:986 the reaction routes 968:986 the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions 968:1045 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 2 6 theme loading 343:349 arg1 Ni 351:352 loading Ni 343:352 loading Ni 343:352 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 0 7 from Enhancement 0:10 arg1 pyrolysis 51:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis 36:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 36:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 2 8 theme hierarchical 286:297 arg1 Z5 299:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 269:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 269:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 0 9 theme hierarchical 92:103 arg1 HZSM-5 105:110 bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 79:110 bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 79:110 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 0 10 from pyrolysis 51:59 arg1 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 0:110 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 0 10 from pyrolysis 51:59 arg1 aromatics 21:29 light aromatics 15:29 light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 15:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 2 11 theme bifunctional 273:284 arg1 Z5 299:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 269:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 269:300 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 3 12 theme Brønsted 655:662 arg1 sites 669:673 Brønsted acid sites 655:673 Brønsted acid sites during dealumination 655:694 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 2 13 theme catalytic 381:389 arg1 pyrolysis 396:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis 381:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose 381:423 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 2 13 theme catalytic 381:389 arg1 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 3 14 from enhancement 590:600 arg1 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 14 from enhancement 590:600 arg1 mesopores 615:623 the small mesopores 605:623 the small mesopores (2-10 nm) 605:633 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 2 15 theme drop 447:450 arg1 reactor 464:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 a drop tube quartz reactor 445:470 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 3 16 from decrease 643:650 arg1 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 16 from decrease 643:650 arg1 mesopores 615:623 the small mesopores 605:623 the small mesopores (2-10 nm) 605:633 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 1 17 theme accessible 191:200 arg1 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 (Z5) 218:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 17 theme accessible 191:200 arg1 sites 209:213 accessible active sites 191:213 accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) 191:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 17 theme accessible 191:200 arg1 factors 242:248 the key factors 234:248 the key factors for its catalysis 234:266 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 17 theme accessible 191:200 arg1 structure 177:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 3 18 theme light 530:534 arg1 LAs 547:549 LAs 547:549 LAs 547:549 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 18 theme light 530:534 arg1 aromatics 536:544 light aromatics 530:544 excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield 520:556 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 1 19 theme active 202:207 arg1 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 (Z5) 218:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 19 theme active 202:207 arg1 sites 209:213 accessible active sites 191:213 accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) 191:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 19 theme active 202:207 arg1 factors 242:248 the key factors 234:248 the key factors for its catalysis 234:266 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 19 theme active 202:207 arg1 structure 177:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 2 20 theme cellulose 415:423 arg1 pyrolysis 396:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis 381:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose 381:423 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 2 20 theme cellulose 415:423 arg1 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 3 21 theme aromatics 536:544 arg1 yield 552:556 excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield 520:556 excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield 520:556 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 0 22 theme aromatics 21:29 arg1 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement 0:10 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 0:110 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 6 23 theme acid-catalyzed 1022:1035 arg1 reactions 1037:1045 acid-catalyzed reactions 1022:1045 acid-catalyzed reactions 1022:1045 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 0 24 theme light 15:19 arg1 aromatics 21:29 light aromatics 15:29 light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 15:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 3 25 theme acid 664:667 arg1 sites 669:673 Brønsted acid sites 655:673 Brønsted acid sites during dealumination 655:694 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 0 26 theme hydrogen 124:131 arg1 fluoride 133:140 hydrogen fluoride 124:140 hydrogen fluoride 124:140 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 3 27 theme excellent 520:528 arg1 yield 552:556 excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield 520:556 excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield 520:556 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 1 28 theme HZSM-5 218:223 arg1 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 (Z5) 218:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 28 theme HZSM-5 218:223 arg1 sites 209:213 accessible active sites 191:213 accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) 191:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 28 theme HZSM-5 218:223 arg1 factors 242:248 the key factors 234:248 the key factors for its catalysis 234:266 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 28 theme HZSM-5 218:223 arg1 structure 177:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 0 29 theme catalytic 36:44 arg1 pyrolysis 51:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis 36:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 36:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 3 30 theme sites 669:673 arg1 decrease 643:650 the decrease 639:650 the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination 639:694 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 30 theme sites 669:673 arg1 enhancement 590:600 the enhancement 586:600 the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) 586:633 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 0 31 theme nickel/hydrogen 146:160 arg1 fluoride 162:169 nickel/hydrogen fluoride 146:169 nickel/hydrogen fluoride 146:169 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 6 32 theme active 1003:1008 arg1 centers 1010:1016 different active centers 993:1016 different active centers 993:1016 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 4 33 theme Ni 736:737 arg1 loading 717:723 the loading 713:723 the loading of a 1 wt% Ni 713:737 Simultaneously, the loading of a 1 wt% Ni produced more LAs than 0.5F-Z5, due to the improvement in deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions. 30684724 4 34 theme % 734:734 arg1 Ni 736:737 a 1 wt% Ni 728:737 a 1 wt% Ni 728:737 Simultaneously, the loading of a 1 wt% Ni produced more LAs than 0.5F-Z5, due to the improvement in deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions. 30684724 2 35 theme fast 391:394 arg1 pyrolysis 396:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis 381:404 catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose 381:423 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 2 35 theme fast 391:394 arg1 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 CFP 407:409 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 4 36 theme deoxidation/hydrogenation 797:821 arg1 reactions 823:831 deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions 797:831 deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions 797:831 Simultaneously, the loading of a 1 wt% Ni produced more LAs than 0.5F-Z5, due to the improvement in deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions. 30684724 6 37 theme catalyst 1105:1112 arg1 composition 1077:1087 the composition 1073:1087 the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization 1073:1129 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 6 38 theme different 993:1001 arg1 centers 1010:1016 different active centers 993:1016 different active centers 993:1016 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 0 39 theme fast 46:49 arg1 pyrolysis 51:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis 36:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 36:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 3 40 theme small 609:613 arg1 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 2-10 nm 626:632 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 40 theme small 609:613 arg1 mesopores 615:623 the small mesopores 605:623 the small mesopores (2-10 nm) 605:633 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 5 41 theme highest 838:844 arg1 % 861:861 31.3% 857:861 31.3% 857:861 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 5 41 theme highest 838:844 arg1 yield 850:854 The highest LAs yield 834:854 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) 834:862 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 6 42 theme bio-oils 1092:1099 arg1 composition 1077:1087 the composition 1073:1087 the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization 1073:1129 In addition, the reaction routes over different active centers and acid-catalyzed reactions were analyzed, based upon the composition of bio-oils and catalyst characterization. 30684724 5 43 theme % 883:883 arg1 Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5 884:900 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5 882:900 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5 882:900 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 2 44 theme agent 330:334 arg1 HF 336:337 leaching agent HF 321:337 leaching agent HF 321:337 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 5 45 theme 1 882:882 arg1 % 883:883 % 883:883 % 883:883 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 2 46 theme leaching 321:328 arg1 HF 336:337 leaching agent HF 321:337 leaching agent HF 321:337 The bifunctional hierarchical Z5 were prepared with leaching agent HF and loading Ni, and their performance for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of cellulose was investigated in a drop tube quartz reactor. 30684724 5 47 theme LAs 846:848 arg1 % 861:861 31.3% 857:861 31.3% 857:861 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 5 47 theme LAs 846:848 arg1 yield 850:854 The highest LAs yield 834:854 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) 834:862 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 0 48 theme cellulose 64:72 arg1 pyrolysis 51:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis 36:59 catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose 36:72 Enhancement of light aromatics from catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose over bifunctional hierarchical HZSM-5 modified by hydrogen fluoride and nickel/hydrogen fluoride. 30684724 5 49 theme parent 944:949 arg1 Z5 951:952 the parent Z5 940:952 the parent Z5 940:952 The highest LAs yield (31.3%) was obtained over 1%Ni-0.5 mol/LHF-Z5, which increased by 44.9% compared to the parent Z5. 30684724 4 50 theme 1 wt 730:733 arg1 Ni 736:737 a 1 wt% Ni 728:737 a 1 wt% Ni 728:737 Simultaneously, the loading of a 1 wt% Ni produced more LAs than 0.5F-Z5, due to the improvement in deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions. 30684724 4 51 from improvement 782:792 arg1 reactions 823:831 deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions 797:831 deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions 797:831 Simultaneously, the loading of a 1 wt% Ni produced more LAs than 0.5F-Z5, due to the improvement in deoxidation/hydrogenation reactions. 30684724 3 52 theme 0.5 mol/L 490:498 arg1 0.5F-Z5 504:510 0.5F-Z5 504:510 0.5F-Z5 504:510 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 3 52 theme 0.5 mol/L 490:498 arg1 HF 500:501 0.5 mol/L HF 490:501 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) 490:511 Z5 modified with 0.5 mol/L HF (0.5F-Z5) showed excellent light aromatics (LAs) yield, which can be attributed to the enhancement in the small mesopores (2-10 nm) and the decrease of Brønsted acid sites during dealumination. 30684724 1 53 theme key 238:240 arg1 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 218:223 HZSM-5 (Z5) 218:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 53 theme key 238:240 arg1 sites 209:213 accessible active sites 191:213 accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) 191:228 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 53 theme key 238:240 arg1 factors 242:248 the key factors 234:248 the key factors for its catalysis 234:266 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30684724 1 53 theme key 238:240 arg1 structure 177:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure 172:185 Pore structure and accessible active sites of HZSM-5 (Z5) are the key factors for its catalysis. 30760803 3 0 theme surface 681:687 arg1 isotherms 698:706 the surface pressure isotherms 677:706 the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 677:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 7 1 with approach 1370:1377 arg1 compositions 1403:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 7 1 with approach 1370:1377 arg1 techniques 1429:1438 combined techniques 1420:1438 combined techniques 1420:1438 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 5 2 dep isotherms 1130:1138 arg1 either 1102:1107 either 1102:1107 either 1102:1107 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 3 theme absorption 1193:1202 arg1 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 3 theme absorption 1193:1202 arg1 spectra 1204:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra 1146:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1146:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 4 4 theme bactericidal 962:973 arg1 activity 975:982 bactericidal activity 962:982 bactericidal activity against S.e.s. Typhimurium 962:1009 On the basis of these results one should expect bactericidal activity against S.e.s. Typhimurium. 30760803 1 5 theme outer 335:339 arg1 layer 341:345 an outer layer 332:345 an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 332:374 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 3 6 theme unilamellar 856:866 arg1 vesicles 868:875 large unilamellar vesicles 850:875 large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition 850:911 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 6 7 theme outer 1341:1345 arg1 membrane 1356:1363 the outer bacteria membrane 1337:1363 the outer bacteria membrane 1337:1363 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 5 8 theme surface 1113:1119 arg1 pressure 1121:1128 surface pressure 1113:1128 surface pressure 1113:1128 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 4 9 dep S.e.s. 992:997 arg1 Typhimurium 999:1009 S.e.s. Typhimurium 992:1009 S.e.s. Typhimurium 992:1009 On the basis of these results one should expect bactericidal activity against S.e.s. Typhimurium. 30760803 7 10 theme combined 1420:1427 arg1 techniques 1429:1438 combined techniques 1420:1438 combined techniques 1420:1438 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 7 11 theme molecular-level 1455:1469 arg1 interactions 1471:1482 molecular-level interactions 1455:1482 molecular-level interactions 1455:1482 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 3 12 theme lipid 895:899 arg1 composition 901:911 this IM lipid composition 887:911 this IM lipid composition 887:911 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 6 13 with interaction 1311:1321 arg1 LPS 1328:1330 LPS 1328:1330 LPS from the outer bacteria membrane 1328:1363 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 0 14 theme Typhimurium 104:114 arg1 integrity 63:71 the outer membrane integrity 44:71 the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 44:114 The cyclic peptide labaditin does not alter the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 30760803 1 15 theme lipopolysaccharides 350:368 arg1 layer 341:345 an outer layer 332:345 an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 332:374 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 6 16 theme Lo 1250:1251 arg1 failure 1239:1245 the failure 1235:1245 the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium 1235:1278 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 7 17 theme monolayer 1393:1401 arg1 compositions 1403:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 1 18 theme new 165:167 arg1 antibiotics 169:179 new antibiotics 165:179 new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane 165:247 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 3 19 theme pressure 689:696 arg1 isotherms 698:706 the surface pressure isotherms 677:706 the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 677:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 20 from changes 666:672 arg1 isotherms 698:706 the surface pressure isotherms 677:706 the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 677:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 5 21 from changes 1091:1097 arg1 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 21 from changes 1091:1097 arg1 isotherms 1130:1138 either the surface pressure isotherms 1102:1138 isotherms 1130:1138 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 21 from changes 1091:1097 arg1 spectra 1204:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra 1146:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1146:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 1 22 theme antibiotics 169:179 arg1 peptides 131:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 22 theme antibiotics 169:179 arg1 class 156:160 a promising class 144:160 a promising class 144:160 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 22 theme antibiotics 169:179 arg1 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 0 23 theme cyclic 4:9 arg1 labaditin 19:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin 0:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin 0:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin does not alter the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 30760803 5 24 theme reflection 1182:1191 arg1 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 24 theme reflection 1182:1191 arg1 spectra 1204:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra 1146:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1146:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 25 theme infrared 1173:1180 arg1 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 25 theme infrared 1173:1180 arg1 spectra 1204:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra 1146:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1146:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 7 26 theme distinct 1384:1391 arg1 compositions 1403:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 distinct monolayer compositions 1384:1414 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 3 27 theme IM 892:893 arg1 composition 901:911 this IM lipid composition 887:911 this IM lipid composition 887:911 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 2 28 dep Typhimurium 595:605 arg1 Typhimurium 615:625 S.e.s. Typhimurium 608:625 S.e.s. Typhimurium 608:625 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 7 29 theme drug 1498:1501 arg1 design 1503:1508 drug design 1498:1508 drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1498:1547 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 3 30 from leakage 839:845 arg1 vesicles 868:875 large unilamellar vesicles 850:875 large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition 850:911 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 6 31 theme interaction 1311:1321 arg1 lack 1303:1306 the lack 1299:1306 the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane 1299:1363 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 5 32 theme polarization-modulated 1150:1171 arg1 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 PM-IRRAS 1213:1220 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 5 32 theme polarization-modulated 1150:1171 arg1 spectra 1204:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra 1146:1210 the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1146:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 2 33 dep aureus 496:501 arg1 the 463:465 the 463:465 the 463:465 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 6 34 theme bacteria 1347:1354 arg1 membrane 1356:1363 the outer bacteria membrane 1337:1363 the outer bacteria membrane 1337:1363 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 2 35 theme cyclic 399:404 arg1 Lo 429:430 Lo 429:430 Lo 429:430 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 2 35 theme cyclic 399:404 arg1 Labaditin 418:426 the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin 395:426 the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo) 395:431 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 2 35 theme cyclic 399:404 arg1 able 536:539 able 536:539 able 536:539 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 2 36 theme decapeptide 406:416 arg1 Lo 429:430 Lo 429:430 Lo 429:430 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 2 36 theme decapeptide 406:416 arg1 Labaditin 418:426 the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin 395:426 the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo) 395:431 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 2 36 theme decapeptide 406:416 arg1 able 536:539 able 536:539 able 536:539 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 3 37 theme monolayers 720:729 arg1 isotherms 698:706 the surface pressure isotherms 677:706 the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 677:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 4 38 dep results 936:942 arg1 the 917:919 the 917:919 the 917:919 On the basis of these results one should expect bactericidal activity against S.e.s. Typhimurium. 30760803 4 38 dep results 936:942 arg1 basis 921:925 basis 921:925 basis 921:925 On the basis of these results one should expect bactericidal activity against S.e.s. Typhimurium. 30760803 2 39 theme proven 439:444 arg1 activity 446:453 proven activity 439:453 proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans 439:526 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 1 40 theme Gram-negative 284:296 arg1 bacteria 298:305 Gram-negative bacteria 284:305 Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 284:374 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 3 41 theme Typhimurium 776:786 arg1 membrane 794:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane 744:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 744:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 41 theme Typhimurium 776:786 arg1 IM 823:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 5 42 theme LPS 1063:1065 arg1 monolayer 1050:1058 a monolayer 1048:1058 a monolayer of LPS 1048:1065 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 2 43 with Labaditin 418:426 arg1 activity 446:453 proven activity 439:453 proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans 439:526 Here we show that the cyclic decapeptide Labaditin (Lo), with proven activity against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, is not able to kill the Gram-negative Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.e.s. Typhimurium). 30760803 3 44 theme inner 788:792 arg1 membrane 794:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane 744:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 744:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 44 theme inner 788:792 arg1 IM 823:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 5 45 theme significant 1079:1089 arg1 changes 1091:1097 no significant changes 1076:1097 no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS) 1076:1221 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 1 46 theme cell 313:316 arg1 wall 318:321 wall 318:321 wall 318:321 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 7 47 theme fight 1513:1517 arg1 bacteria 1540:1547 fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1513:1547 fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1513:1547 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 7 48 theme antibiotic-resistant 1519:1538 arg1 bacteria 1540:1547 fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1513:1547 fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria 1513:1547 Our approach with distinct monolayer compositions and combined techniques to investigate molecular-level interactions is useful for drug design to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 30760803 5 49 theme pressure 1121:1128 arg1 isotherms 1130:1138 either the surface pressure isotherms 1102:1138 isotherms 1130:1138 However, Lo could not interact with a monolayer of LPS, causing no significant changes in either the surface pressure isotherms or in the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectra (PM-IRRAS). 30760803 1 50 theme Antimicrobial 117:129 arg1 peptides 131:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 50 theme Antimicrobial 117:129 arg1 class 156:160 a promising class 144:160 a promising class 144:160 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 50 theme Antimicrobial 117:129 arg1 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 3 51 theme Langmuir 711:718 arg1 monolayers 720:729 Langmuir monolayers 711:729 Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 711:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 52 theme significant 654:664 arg1 changes 666:672 significant changes 654:672 significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 654:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 53 theme large 850:854 arg1 vesicles 868:875 large unilamellar vesicles 850:875 large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition 850:911 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 54 theme S.e.s. 804:809 arg1 membrane 794:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane 744:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 744:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 54 theme S.e.s. 804:809 arg1 IM 823:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 1 55 with antibiotics 169:179 arg1 ability 190:196 the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane 186:247 the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane 186:247 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 56 contain contains 323:330 arg2 layer 341:345 an outer layer 332:345 an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 332:374 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 56 contain contains 323:330 arg1 wall 318:321 wall 318:321 wall 318:321 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 3 57 theme Typhimurium 811:821 arg1 membrane 794:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane 744:801 the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM) 744:825 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 3 57 theme Typhimurium 811:821 arg1 IM 823:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 S.e.s. Typhimurium IM 804:824 We found that Lo induced significant changes in the surface pressure isotherms of Langmuir monolayers representing the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inner membrane (S.e.s. Typhimurium IM), and caused leakage in large unilamellar vesicles made with this IM lipid composition. 30760803 0 58 theme membrane 54:61 arg1 integrity 63:71 the outer membrane integrity 44:71 the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 44:114 The cyclic peptide labaditin does not alter the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 30760803 0 59 theme outer 48:52 arg1 integrity 63:71 the outer membrane integrity 44:71 the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 44:114 The cyclic peptide labaditin does not alter the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 30760803 6 60 from membrane 1356:1363 arg1 LPS 1328:1330 LPS 1328:1330 LPS from the outer bacteria membrane 1328:1363 Therefore, the failure of Lo to kill S.e.s. Typhimurium is associated with the lack of interaction with LPS from the outer bacteria membrane. 30760803 0 61 theme peptide 11:17 arg1 labaditin 19:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin 0:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin 0:27 The cyclic peptide labaditin does not alter the outer membrane integrity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 30760803 1 62 theme promising 146:154 arg1 peptides 131:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides 117:138 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 62 theme promising 146:154 arg1 class 156:160 a promising class 144:160 a promising class 144:160 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 62 theme promising 146:154 arg1 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 difficult 270:278 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 30760803 1 63 theme cell 235:238 arg1 membrane 240:247 their cell membrane 229:247 their cell membrane 229:247 Antimicrobial peptides are a promising class of new antibiotics with the ability to kill bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane, which is especially difficult for Gram-negative bacteria whose cell wall contains an outer layer of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). 29865036 1 0 with malignancy 187:196 arg1 occurrence 215:224 a worldwide occurrence 203:224 a worldwide occurrence 203:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 7 1 theme glycansand 1106:1115 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 6 2 link N-/O-linked 964:974 arg1 glycans 976:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 3 theme healthy 639:645 arg1 volunteers 647:656 healthy volunteers 639:656 healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) 639:668 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 8 4 theme N-linked 1364:1371 arg1 glycans 1373:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 8 5 theme O-linked 1480:1487 arg1 glycans 1489:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 2 6 theme effective 245:253 arg1 biomarkers 255:264 effective biomarkers 245:264 effective biomarkers for precisely evaluating GC 245:292 There still lacks effective biomarkers for precisely evaluating GC. 29865036 5 7 theme O-linked 766:773 arg1 glycans 775:781 O-linked glycans 766:781 O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F 766:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 7 8 gly fucosylated 1246:1256 arg1 glycans 1267:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 2 9 theme evaluating 280:289 arg1 GC 291:292 precisely evaluating GC 270:292 precisely evaluating GC 270:292 There still lacks effective biomarkers for precisely evaluating GC. 29865036 0 10 link O-linked 25:32 arg1 glycans 34:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 7 11 theme decreased 1299:1307 arg1 levels 1320:1325 significantly decreased expression levels 1285:1325 significantly decreased expression levels 1285:1325 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 7 12 link N-linked 1097:1104 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 7 13 link O-linked 1122:1129 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 4 14 theme novel 416:420 arg1 biomarkers 422:431 the novel biomarkers 412:431 the novel biomarkers for accurately distinguishing early GC based on saliva glycopatterns 412:500 We aimed to discover the novel biomarkers for accurately distinguishing early GC based on saliva glycopatterns. 29865036 5 15 theme Aurantia 527:534 arg1 conjugates 567:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 0 16 from AAL 56:58 arg1 saliva 63:68 saliva 63:68 saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer 63:123 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 7 17 theme O-linked 1258:1265 arg1 glycans 1267:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 9 18 dep CONCLUSIONS 1580:1590 arg1 facilitate 1678:1687 facilitate 1678:1687 facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva 1678:1798 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 9 18 dep CONCLUSIONS 1580:1590 arg1 provide 1609:1615 provide 1609:1615 could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC 1603:1671 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 9 19 theme precise 1743:1749 arg1 alterations 1751:1761 precise alterations 1743:1761 precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans 1743:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 8 20 link O-linked 1480:1487 arg1 glycans 1489:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 7 21 theme N-linked 1097:1104 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 5 22 theme isolated 792:799 arg1 proteins 801:808 the isolated proteins 788:808 the isolated proteins 788:808 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 9 23 theme N- 1766:1767 arg1 alterations 1751:1761 precise alterations 1743:1761 precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans 1743:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 5 24 from proteins 801:808 arg1 N- 759:760 N- 759:760 N- 759:760 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 24 from proteins 801:808 arg1 glycans 775:781 O-linked glycans 766:781 O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F 766:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 1 25 theme Gastric 145:151 arg1 GC 161:162 GC 161:162 GC 161:162 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 25 theme Gastric 145:151 arg1 cancer 153:158 AIM Gastric cancer 141:158 AIM Gastric cancer (GC) 141:163 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 25 theme Gastric 145:151 arg1 malignancy 187:196 a common and fatal malignancy 168:196 a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence 168:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 25 theme Gastric 145:151 arg1 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 9 26 theme O-linked 1773:1780 arg1 glycans 1782:1788 O-linked glycans 1773:1788 O-linked glycans 1773:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 0 27 theme patients 73:80 arg1 saliva 63:68 saliva 63:68 saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer 63:123 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 5 28 theme fucosylated 589:599 arg1 glycoproteins 601:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 29 theme released 862:869 arg1 glycans 871:877 the released glycans 858:877 the released glycans 858:877 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 9 30 link O-linked 1773:1780 arg1 glycans 1782:1788 O-linked glycans 1773:1788 O-linked glycans 1773:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 3 31 theme biological 307:316 arg1 fluid 318:322 a biological fluid 305:322 a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages 305:388 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 3 31 theme biological 307:316 arg1 Saliva 295:300 Saliva 295:300 Saliva 295:300 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 6 32 dep RESULTS 914:920 arg1 total 924:928 A total 922:928 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 914:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 0 33 theme atrophic 87:94 arg1 gastritis 96:104 atrophic gastritis 87:104 atrophic gastritis 87:104 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 7 34 gly fucosylated 1209:1219 arg1 glycans 1230:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 7 35 theme N-linked 1221:1228 arg1 glycans 1230:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 5 36 dep volunteers 647:656 arg1 n= 663:664 n= 51 663:667 n= 51 663:667 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 36 dep volunteers 647:656 arg1 HV 659:660 HV 659:660 HV 659:660 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 6 37 from GC 1050:1051 arg1 proteins 1024:1031 the isolated salivary proteins 1002:1031 the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC 1002:1051 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 38 link O-linked 766:773 arg1 glycans 775:781 O-linked glycans 766:781 O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F 766:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 39 theme particle 558:565 arg1 conjugates 567:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 3 40 theme diagnostic 338:347 arg1 potentials 349:358 enormous diagnostic potentials 329:358 enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages 329:388 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 0 41 theme N- 18:19 arg1 glycans 34:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 8 42 dep decreased 1385:1393 arg1 % 1407:1407 41.66% 1402:1407 41.66% 1402:1407 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 6 43 theme 8/11 938:941 arg1 total 924:928 A total 922:928 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 914:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 7 44 link O-linked 1258:1265 arg1 glycans 1267:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 9 45 theme biomarkers 1706:1715 arg1 discovery 1693:1701 the discovery 1689:1701 the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans 1689:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 0 46 theme O-linked 25:32 arg1 glycans 34:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 N- and O-linked glycans 18:40 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 9 47 theme pivotal 1617:1623 arg1 information 1625:1635 pivotal information 1617:1635 pivotal information 1617:1635 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 7 48 from levels 1184:1189 arg1 GC 1194:1195 GC 1194:1195 GC 1194:1195 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 6 49 theme 9/9 933:935 arg1 total 924:928 A total 922:928 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 914:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 3 50 theme many 374:377 arg1 advantages 379:388 many advantages 374:388 many advantages 374:388 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 6 51 gly fucosylated 952:962 arg1 glycans 976:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 7 52 theme expression 1173:1182 arg1 levels 1184:1189 significantly increased expression levels 1149:1189 significantly increased expression levels in GC 1149:1195 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 1 53 theme fatal 181:185 arg1 cancer 153:158 AIM Gastric cancer 141:158 AIM Gastric cancer (GC) 141:163 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 53 theme fatal 181:185 arg1 malignancy 187:196 a common and fatal malignancy 168:196 a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence 168:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 53 theme fatal 181:185 arg1 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 8 54 gly fucosylated 1352:1362 arg1 glycans 1373:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 8 55 link N-linked 1364:1371 arg1 glycans 1373:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 5 56 gly fucosylated 589:599 arg1 glycoproteins 601:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 57 with glycans 775:781 arg1 F 822:822 PNGase F 815:822 PNGase F 815:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 1 58 theme worldwide 205:213 arg1 occurrence 215:224 a worldwide occurrence 203:224 a worldwide occurrence 203:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 5 59 theme volunteers 647:656 arg1 saliva 629:634 the pooled saliva 618:634 the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51) 618:731 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 8 60 theme fucosylated 1468:1478 arg1 glycans 1489:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 5 61 theme pooled 622:627 arg1 saliva 629:634 the pooled saliva 618:634 the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51) 618:731 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 7 62 link N-linked 1221:1228 arg1 glycans 1230:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 0 63 theme gastric 110:116 arg1 cancer 118:123 gastric cancer 110:123 gastric cancer 110:123 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 0 64 with patients 73:80 arg1 cancer 118:123 gastric cancer 110:123 gastric cancer 110:123 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 0 64 with patients 73:80 arg1 gastritis 96:104 atrophic gastritis 87:104 atrophic gastritis 87:104 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 8 65 theme fucosylated 1352:1362 arg1 glycans 1373:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 fucosylated N-linked glycans 1352:1379 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 7 66 theme expression 1309:1318 arg1 levels 1320:1325 significantly decreased expression levels 1285:1325 significantly decreased expression levels 1285:1325 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 5 67 dep METHODS 503:509 arg1 used 514:517 used 514:517 used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively 514:911 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 6 68 theme salivary 1015:1022 arg1 proteins 1024:1031 the isolated salivary proteins 1002:1031 the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC 1002:1051 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 69 theme patients 674:681 arg1 saliva 629:634 the pooled saliva 618:634 the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51) 618:731 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 1 70 theme common 170:175 arg1 cancer 153:158 AIM Gastric cancer 141:158 AIM Gastric cancer (GC) 141:163 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 70 theme common 170:175 arg1 malignancy 187:196 a common and fatal malignancy 168:196 a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence 168:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 70 theme common 170:175 arg1 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 8 71 theme glycans 1373:1379 arg1 proportion 1338:1347 The proportion 1334:1347 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans 1334:1379 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 3 72 with fluid 318:322 arg1 potentials 349:358 enormous diagnostic potentials 329:358 enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages 329:388 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 9 73 theme GC 1721:1722 arg1 diagnosis 1724:1732 GC diagnosis 1721:1732 GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans 1721:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 5 74 theme Lectin 536:541 arg1 conjugates 567:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 75 theme PNGase 815:820 arg1 F 822:822 PNGase F 815:822 PNGase F 815:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 76 theme AAL 544:546 arg1 conjugates 567:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 77 used used 514:517 arg2 We 511:512 We 511:512 We 511:512 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 78 dep gastritis 697:705 arg1 n= 712:713 n= 51 712:716 n= 51 712:716 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 78 dep gastritis 697:705 arg1 AG 708:709 AG 708:709 AG 708:709 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 7 79 theme fucosylated 1246:1256 arg1 glycans 1267:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 ten fucosylated O-linked glycans 1242:1273 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 8 80 dep decreased 1512:1520 arg1 % 1534:1534 19.58% 1529:1534 19.58% 1529:1534 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 7 81 theme fucosylated 1085:1095 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 4 82 theme saliva 481:486 arg1 glycopatterns 488:500 saliva glycopatterns 481:500 saliva glycopatterns 481:500 We aimed to discover the novel biomarkers for accurately distinguishing early GC based on saliva glycopatterns. 29865036 1 83 theme AIM 141:143 arg1 GC 161:162 GC 161:162 GC 161:162 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 83 theme AIM 141:143 arg1 cancer 153:158 AIM Gastric cancer 141:158 AIM Gastric cancer (GC) 141:163 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 83 theme AIM 141:143 arg1 malignancy 187:196 a common and fatal malignancy 168:196 a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence 168:224 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 1 83 theme AIM 141:143 arg1 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND 126:135 BACKGROUND AND AIM Gastric cancer (GC) is a common and fatal malignancy with a worldwide occurrence. 29865036 5 84 theme atrophic 688:695 arg1 gastritis 697:705 atrophic gastritis 688:705 atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) 688:717 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 3 85 theme enormous 329:336 arg1 potentials 349:358 enormous diagnostic potentials 329:358 enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages 329:388 Saliva is a biological fluid with enormous diagnostic potentials which emerged many advantages. 29865036 4 86 theme early 463:467 arg1 GC 469:470 early GC 463:470 early GC based on saliva glycopatterns 463:500 We aimed to discover the novel biomarkers for accurately distinguishing early GC based on saliva glycopatterns. 29865036 9 87 theme glycans 1782:1788 arg1 alterations 1751:1761 precise alterations 1743:1761 precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans 1743:1788 CONCLUSIONS This study could provide pivotal information to distinguish among HV, AG, and GC, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for GC diagnosis based on precise alterations of N- and O-linked glycans in saliva. 29865036 6 88 dep 9/9 933:935 arg1 glycans 976:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 7 89 theme fucosylated 1209:1219 arg1 glycans 1230:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 five fucosylated N-linked glycans 1204:1236 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 5 90 theme -magnetic 548:556 arg1 conjugates 567:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates 519:576 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 6 91 theme 9/9 948:950 arg1 total 924:928 A total 922:928 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 914:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 7 92 gly fucosylated 1085:1095 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 6 93 from HV 1038:1039 arg1 proteins 1024:1031 the isolated salivary proteins 1002:1031 the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC 1002:1051 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 94 with patients 674:681 arg1 n= 726:727 n= 51 726:730 n= 51 726:730 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 94 with patients 674:681 arg1 gastritis 697:705 atrophic gastritis 688:705 atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) 688:717 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 94 with patients 674:681 arg1 GC 722:723 GC 722:723 GC (n= 51) 722:731 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 95 with N- 759:760 arg1 F 822:822 PNGase F 815:822 PNGase F 815:822 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 6 96 from AG 1042:1043 arg1 proteins 1024:1031 the isolated salivary proteins 1002:1031 the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC 1002:1051 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 97 with volunteers 647:656 arg1 n= 726:727 n= 51 726:730 n= 51 726:730 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 97 with volunteers 647:656 arg1 gastritis 697:705 atrophic gastritis 688:705 atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) 688:717 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 5 97 with volunteers 647:656 arg1 GC 722:723 GC 722:723 GC (n= 51) 722:731 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 29865036 0 98 theme glycans 34:40 arg1 Identification 0:13 Identification 0:13 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans 0:40 Identification of N- and O-linked glycans recognized by AAL in saliva of patients with atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer. 29865036 6 99 theme N-/O-linked 964:974 arg1 glycans 976:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 7 100 theme increased 1163:1171 arg1 levels 1184:1189 significantly increased expression levels 1149:1189 significantly increased expression levels in GC 1149:1195 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 6 101 theme isolated 1006:1013 arg1 proteins 1024:1031 the isolated salivary proteins 1002:1031 the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC 1002:1051 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 8 102 gly fucosylated 1468:1478 arg1 glycans 1489:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 the fucosylated O-linked glycans 1464:1495 The proportion of fucosylated N-linked glycans was decreased in GC (41.66%) compared with AG (43.63%) and HV (52.57%), as well as the fucosylated O-linked glycans was apparently decreased in GC (19.58%) compared with AG (25.43%) and HV (55.54%). 29865036 7 103 theme O-linked 1122:1129 arg1 glycans 1131:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans 1081:1137 Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC. 29865036 6 104 theme fucosylated 952:962 arg1 glycans 976:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans 952:982 RESULTS A total of 9/9, 8/11, and 9/9 fucosylated N-/O-linked glycans were annotated in the isolated salivary proteins from HV, AG, and GC, respectively. 29865036 5 105 gly glycoproteins 601:613 arg1 glycoproteins 601:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 fucosylated glycoproteins 589:613 METHODS We used Aleuria Aurantia Lectin (AAL)-magnetic particle conjugates to isolate fucosylated glycoproteins in the pooled saliva of healthy volunteers (HV, n= 51) and patients with atrophic gastritis (AG, n= 51) or GC (n= 51), following to release the N- and O-linked glycans from the isolated proteins with PNGase F and NaClO, and further identified the released glycans by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, respectively. 30991372 8 0 theme size 1246:1249 arg1 terms 1212:1216 terms 1212:1216 terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile 1212:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 13 1 theme osteoblast 1907:1916 arg1 lines 1932:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. 30991372 8 2 theme zeta 1252:1255 arg1 potential 1257:1265 zeta potential 1252:1265 zeta potential 1252:1265 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 3 3 theme conventional 572:583 arg1 methods 585:591 conventional methods 572:591 conventional methods 572:591 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 1 4 theme serious 213:219 arg1 problem 221:227 a serious problem 211:227 a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period 211:287 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 1 4 theme serious 213:219 arg1 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 8 5 theme encapsulation 1273:1285 arg1 efficiency 1287:1296 drug encapsulation efficiency 1268:1296 drug encapsulation efficiency 1268:1296 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 4 6 theme loaded 678:683 arg1 composites 719:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites 678:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) 678:737 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 4 6 theme loaded 678:683 arg1 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 10 7 theme release 1497:1503 arg1 period 1505:1510 release period 1497:1510 release period 1497:1510 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 14 8 theme composite 1982:1990 arg1 option 2023:2028 a promising option 2011:2028 a promising option for bone infection prevention 2011:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 14 8 theme composite 1982:1990 arg1 nanospheres 1992:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 12 9 theme nanospheres 1681:1691 arg1 medium 1671:1676 The in vitro release medium 1650:1676 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres 1650:1691 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 13 10 theme cytotoxic 1862:1870 arg1 effect 1872:1877 any cytotoxic effect 1858:1877 any cytotoxic effect 1858:1877 Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. 30991372 7 11 theme process 1159:1165 arg1 variables 1167:1175 process variables 1159:1175 process variables 1159:1175 Emprical model was developed to predict nanosphere size by altering process variables. 30991372 9 12 theme loaded 1324:1329 arg1 nanospheres 1331:1341 Drug loaded nanospheres 1319:1341 Drug loaded nanospheres 1319:1341 Drug loaded nanospheres have been successfully produced with a size range of 180-350 nm. 30991372 2 13 theme side 347:350 arg1 nephrotoxicity 384:397 nephrotoxicity 384:397 nephrotoxicity 384:397 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 2 13 theme side 347:350 arg1 effects 352:358 some side effects 342:358 some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity 342:397 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 2 13 theme side 347:350 arg1 ototoxicity 368:378 ototoxicity 368:378 ototoxicity 368:378 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 5 14 theme spherical 896:904 arg1 nanoparticles 919:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 8 15 theme profile 1310:1316 arg1 terms 1212:1216 terms 1212:1216 terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile 1212:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 12 16 theme strong 1700:1705 arg1 activity 1721:1728 strong antimicrobial activity 1700:1728 strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1700:1795 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 5 17 theme carrier 911:917 arg1 nanoparticles 919:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 7 18 theme nanosphere 1131:1140 arg1 size 1142:1145 nanosphere size 1131:1145 nanosphere size 1131:1145 Emprical model was developed to predict nanosphere size by altering process variables. 30991372 1 19 theme bone 156:159 arg1 operations 177:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 2 20 theme therapy 314:320 arg1 methods 322:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 10 21 theme Nanocomposite 1408:1420 arg1 carriers 1427:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers 1408:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers 1408:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 4 22 theme nanoclay 710:717 arg1 composites 719:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites 678:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) 678:737 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 4 22 theme nanoclay 710:717 arg1 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 0 23 theme post-implantation 84:100 arg1 treatment 117:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 9 24 theme size 1382:1385 arg1 range 1387:1391 a size range 1380:1391 a size range of 180-350 nm 1380:1405 Drug loaded nanospheres have been successfully produced with a size range of 180-350 nm. 30991372 2 25 theme Conventional 290:301 arg1 methods 322:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 10 26 theme chitosan 1534:1541 arg1 nanospheres 1543:1553 bare chitosan nanospheres 1529:1553 bare chitosan nanospheres 1529:1553 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 11 27 theme diffusion 1618:1626 arg1 mechanism 1628:1636 diffusion mechanism 1618:1636 diffusion mechanism up to 30 d 1618:1647 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. 30991372 0 28 theme infection 107:115 arg1 treatment 117:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 6 29 theme uniform 1077:1083 arg1 size 1085:1088 uniform size 1077:1088 uniform size 1077:1088 Three factors; voltage, distance and flowrate were varied to fabricate spherical nanoparticles with uniform size. 30991372 4 30 theme post-implantation 786:802 arg1 infection 804:812 post-implantation infection 786:812 post-implantation infection 786:812 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 9 31 theme nm 1404:1405 arg1 range 1387:1391 a size range 1380:1391 a size range of 180-350 nm 1380:1405 Drug loaded nanospheres have been successfully produced with a size range of 180-350 nm. 30991372 0 32 theme antibiotic 61:70 arg1 delivery 72:79 sustained antibiotic delivery 51:79 sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment 51:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 12 33 theme E. 1780:1781 arg1 bacteria 1788:1795 gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1766:1795 gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1766:1795 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 4 34 theme antibiotic 759:768 arg1 doses 770:774 required antibiotic doses 750:774 required antibiotic doses 750:774 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 14 35 from period 2085:2090 arg1 option 2023:2028 a promising option 2011:2028 a promising option for bone infection prevention 2011:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 14 35 from period 2085:2090 arg1 nanospheres 1992:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 14 36 theme implantation 2072:2083 arg1 period 2085:2090 the post implantation period 2063:2090 the post implantation period 2063:2090 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 13 37 theme SaOS-2 1919:1924 arg1 lines 1932:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. 30991372 3 38 theme bone 499:502 arg1 disorders 504:512 bone disorders 499:512 bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods 499:591 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 11 39 from carriers 1592:1599 arg1 release 1565:1571 The drug release 1556:1571 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers 1556:1599 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. 30991372 3 40 theme drug 456:459 arg1 systems 470:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 4 41 theme presented 601:609 arg1 study 611:615 the presented study 597:615 the presented study 597:615 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 13 42 theme cell 1927:1930 arg1 lines 1932:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines 1907:1936 Furthermore, it was found that the nanospheres did not show any cytotoxic effect to fibroblast (NIH/3T3) and osteoblast (SaOS-2) cell lines. 30991372 5 43 theme nanocomposite 822:834 arg1 formation 836:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation 815:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation 815:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 0 44 theme sustained 51:59 arg1 delivery 72:79 sustained antibiotic delivery 51:79 sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment 51:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 10 45 theme high 1443:1446 arg1 % 1480:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 10 45 theme high 1443:1446 arg1 efficiency 1462:1471 high encapsulation efficiency 1443:1471 high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) 1443:1481 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 14 46 theme bone 2034:2037 arg1 prevention 2049:2058 bone infection prevention 2034:2058 bone infection prevention 2034:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 3 47 theme due 514:516 arg1 disorders 504:512 bone disorders 499:512 bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods 499:591 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 1 48 from advancements 140:151 arg1 operations 177:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 3 49 theme disadvantages 544:556 arg1 elimination 525:535 the elimination 521:535 the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods 521:591 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 8 50 theme morphology 1221:1230 arg1 terms 1212:1216 terms 1212:1216 terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile 1212:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 8 51 theme hydrodynamic 1233:1244 arg1 size 1246:1249 hydrodynamic size 1233:1249 hydrodynamic size 1233:1249 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 11 52 theme drug 1560:1563 arg1 release 1565:1571 The drug release 1556:1571 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers 1556:1599 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. 30991372 8 53 theme potential 1257:1265 arg1 terms 1212:1216 terms 1212:1216 terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile 1212:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 8 54 theme drug 1268:1271 arg1 efficiency 1287:1296 drug encapsulation efficiency 1268:1296 drug encapsulation efficiency 1268:1296 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 6 55 theme spherical 1048:1056 arg1 nanoparticles 1058:1070 spherical nanoparticles 1048:1070 spherical nanoparticles 1048:1070 Three factors; voltage, distance and flowrate were varied to fabricate spherical nanoparticles with uniform size. 30991372 14 56 theme prepared 1973:1980 arg1 option 2023:2028 a promising option 2011:2028 a promising option for bone infection prevention 2011:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 14 56 theme prepared 1973:1980 arg1 nanospheres 1992:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 8 57 theme efficiency 1287:1296 arg1 terms 1212:1216 terms 1212:1216 terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile 1212:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 12 58 theme antimicrobial 1707:1719 arg1 activity 1721:1728 strong antimicrobial activity 1700:1728 strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1700:1795 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 0 59 from treatment 117:125 arg1 delivery 72:79 sustained antibiotic delivery 51:79 sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment 51:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 5 60 theme drug 906:909 arg1 nanoparticles 919:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 spherical drug carrier nanoparticles 896:931 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 8 61 theme release 1302:1308 arg1 profile 1310:1316 release profile 1302:1316 release profile 1302:1316 Nanospheres were characterized in terms of morphology, hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency and release profile. 30991372 12 62 theme release 1663:1669 arg1 medium 1671:1676 The in vitro release medium 1650:1676 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres 1650:1691 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 11 63 theme nanocomposite 1578:1590 arg1 carriers 1592:1599 nanocomposite carriers 1578:1599 nanocomposite carriers 1578:1599 The drug release from nanocomposite carriers was monitored by diffusion mechanism up to 30 d. 30991372 4 64 dep Vancomycin 642:651 arg1 composites 719:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites 678:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) 678:737 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 4 64 dep Vancomycin 642:651 arg1 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 7 65 theme Emprical 1091:1098 arg1 model 1100:1104 Emprical model 1091:1104 Emprical model 1091:1104 Emprical model was developed to predict nanosphere size by altering process variables. 30991372 1 66 theme transplantation 161:175 arg1 operations 177:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 bone transplantation operations 156:186 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 0 67 theme bone 102:105 arg1 treatment 117:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 post-implantation bone infection treatment 84:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 2 68 theme antibiotic 303:312 arg1 methods 322:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods 290:328 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 12 69 theme in 1654:1655 arg1 medium 1671:1676 The in vitro release medium 1650:1676 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres 1650:1691 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 4 70 theme chitosan-montmorillonite 685:708 arg1 composites 719:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites 678:728 loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) 678:737 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 4 70 theme chitosan-montmorillonite 685:708 arg1 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 CS/MMT 731:736 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 10 71 theme bare 1529:1532 arg1 nanospheres 1543:1553 bare chitosan nanospheres 1529:1553 bare chitosan nanospheres 1529:1553 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 10 72 theme % 1476:1476 arg1 % 1480:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 10 72 theme % 1476:1476 arg1 efficiency 1462:1471 high encapsulation efficiency 1443:1471 high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) 1443:1481 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 1 73 theme human 244:248 arg1 health 250:255 human health 244:255 human health 244:255 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 3 74 theme vital 485:489 arg1 role 491:494 a vital role 483:494 a vital role 483:494 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 0 75 theme composite 25:33 arg1 nanospheres 35:45 composite nanospheres 25:45 composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment 25:125 Chitosan/montmorillonite composite nanospheres for sustained antibiotic delivery at post-implantation bone infection treatment. 30991372 12 76 theme gram-negative 1766:1778 arg1 bacteria 1788:1795 gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1766:1795 gram-negative E. coli bacteria 1766:1795 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 4 77 theme required 750:757 arg1 doses 770:774 required antibiotic doses 750:774 required antibiotic doses 750:774 In the presented study, it was aimed to develop Vancomycin (VC) and Gentamicin (GC) loaded chitosan-montmorillonite nanoclay composites (CS/MMT) to provide required antibiotic doses to combat post-implantation infection. 30991372 10 78 theme drug 1422:1425 arg1 carriers 1427:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers 1408:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers 1408:1434 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 2 79 theme high 427:430 arg1 doses 432:436 high doses 427:436 high doses 427:436 Conventional antibiotic therapy methods may lead to some side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially when applied in high doses. 30991372 5 80 theme microfluidizer 862:875 arg1 homogenization 877:890 microfluidizer homogenization 862:890 microfluidizer homogenization 862:890 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 14 81 theme post 2067:2070 arg1 period 2085:2090 the post implantation period 2063:2090 the post implantation period 2063:2090 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 5 82 theme CS/MMT 815:820 arg1 formation 836:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation 815:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation 815:844 CS/MMT nanocomposite formation was supplied by microfluidizer homogenization and spherical drug carrier nanoparticles were obtained by electrospraying technique. 30991372 3 83 theme delivery 461:468 arg1 systems 470:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 10 84 theme encapsulation 1448:1460 arg1 % 1480:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 80%-95% 1474:1480 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 10 84 theme encapsulation 1448:1460 arg1 efficiency 1462:1471 high encapsulation efficiency 1443:1471 high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) 1443:1481 Nanocomposite drug carriers showed high encapsulation efficiency (80%-95%) and prolonged release period when compared to bare chitosan nanospheres. 30991372 14 85 theme infection 2039:2047 arg1 prevention 2049:2058 bone infection prevention 2034:2058 bone infection prevention 2034:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 3 86 theme local 450:454 arg1 systems 470:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 local drug delivery systems 450:476 Therefore, local drug delivery systems play a vital role in bone disorders due to the elimination of the disadvantages introduced by conventional methods. 30991372 12 87 dep in 1654:1655 arg1 vitro 1657:1661 vitro 1657:1661 vitro 1657:1661 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 12 88 dep E. 1780:1781 arg1 coli 1783:1786 coli 1783:1786 coli 1783:1786 The in vitro release medium of nanospheres showed strong antimicrobial activity against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative E. coli bacteria. 30991372 1 89 theme post-implantation 264:280 arg1 period 282:287 the post-implantation period 260:287 the post-implantation period 260:287 Despite the advancements in bone transplantation operations, inflammation is still a serious problem that threatens human health at the post-implantation period. 30991372 14 90 theme promising 2013:2021 arg1 option 2023:2028 a promising option 2011:2028 a promising option for bone infection prevention 2011:2058 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 14 90 theme promising 2013:2021 arg1 nanospheres 1992:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 the prepared composite nanospheres 1969:2002 The results demonstrated that the prepared composite nanospheres can be a promising option for bone infection prevention at the post implantation period. 30991372 9 91 dep loaded 1324:1329 arg1 Drug 1319:1322 Drug 1319:1322 Drug 1319:1322 Drug loaded nanospheres have been successfully produced with a size range of 180-350 nm. 31730961 2 0 theme NaAlg 476:480 arg1 aerogels 482:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels 464:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) 464:515 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 5 1 theme prepared 859:866 arg1 formulation 868:878 the prepared formulation 855:878 the prepared formulation 855:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 4 2 theme NaAlg 702:706 arg1 behaviors 681:689 The swelling behaviors 668:689 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions 668:742 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 4 3 from behaviors 681:689 arg1 solutions 734:742 different saline solutions 717:742 different saline solutions 717:742 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 2 4 theme @ 475:475 arg1 aerogels 482:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels 464:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) 464:515 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 1 5 theme facile 193:198 arg1 method 200:205 a facile method 191:205 a facile method of ion cross-linking 191:226 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 4 6 theme different 717:725 arg1 solutions 734:742 different saline solutions 717:742 different saline solutions 717:742 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 4 7 theme MOF 694:696 arg1 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 4 7 theme MOF 694:696 arg1 NaAlg 702:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 694:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 694:712 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 3 8 theme adsorption 571:580 arg1 capacity 582:589 adsorption capacity 571:589 adsorption capacity 571:589 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 2 9 theme Fe 472:473 arg1 aerogels 482:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels 464:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) 464:515 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 1 10 theme BET 437:439 arg1 analysis 454:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 0 11 theme high-performance 73:88 arg1 N-fertilizer 103:114 a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer 71:114 a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer 71:114 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 5 12 theme formulation 868:878 arg1 property 843:850 slow-release property 830:850 slow-release property of the prepared formulation 830:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 1 13 theme thermogravimetric 361:377 arg1 TG 389:390 TG 389:390 TG 389:390 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 13 theme thermogravimetric 361:377 arg1 analysis 379:386 thermogravimetric analysis 361:386 thermogravimetric analysis (TG) 361:391 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 14 theme surface 441:447 arg1 analysis 454:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 15 theme novel 133:137 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 4 16 theme saline 727:732 arg1 solutions 734:742 different saline solutions 717:742 different saline solutions 717:742 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 1 17 theme X-ray 300:304 arg1 XRD 319:321 XRD 319:321 XRD 319:321 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 17 theme X-ray 300:304 arg1 diffraction 306:316 X-ray diffraction 300:316 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 300:322 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 2 18 theme slow-release 536:547 arg1 SRF 561:563 SRF 561:563 SRF 561:563 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 2 18 theme slow-release 536:547 arg1 fertilizer 549:558 the slow-release fertilizer 532:558 the slow-release fertilizer (SRF) 532:564 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 1 19 theme area 449:452 arg1 analysis 454:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 BET surface area analysis 437:461 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 20 theme MOF 139:141 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 7 21 theme great 1005:1009 arg1 application 1021:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 Therefore, they will have a great potential application in the field of agriculture. 31730961 6 22 theme water-retention 943:957 arg1 capacity 959:966 excellent water-retention capacity 933:966 excellent water-retention capacity 933:966 Also, the prepared fertilizer formulation exhibited excellent water-retention capacity in soil. 31730961 0 23 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 0:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 1 24 theme ion 210:212 arg1 cross-linking 214:226 ion cross-linking 210:226 ion cross-linking 210:226 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 6 25 theme excellent 933:941 arg1 capacity 959:966 excellent water-retention capacity 933:966 excellent water-retention capacity 933:966 Also, the prepared fertilizer formulation exhibited excellent water-retention capacity in soil. 31730961 1 26 theme Fe 143:144 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 0 27 theme MOF 22:24 arg1 aerogel 39:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 1 28 theme cross-linking 214:226 arg1 method 200:205 a facile method 191:205 a facile method of ion cross-linking 191:226 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 4 29 theme swelling 672:679 arg1 behaviors 681:689 The swelling behaviors 668:689 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions 668:742 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 0 30 theme slow-release 90:101 arg1 N-fertilizer 103:114 a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer 71:114 a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer 71:114 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 5 31 theme slow-release 830:841 arg1 property 843:850 slow-release property 830:850 slow-release property of the prepared formulation 830:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 1 32 theme @ 146:146 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 0 33 theme Fe 26:27 arg1 aerogel 39:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 5 34 theme effective 801:809 arg1 role 811:814 the effective role 797:814 the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation 797:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 5 35 from role 811:814 arg1 property 843:850 slow-release property 830:850 slow-release property of the prepared formulation 830:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 1 36 theme NaAlg 147:151 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 3 37 dep capacity 582:589 arg1 The 567:569 The 567:569 The 567:569 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 1 38 theme aerogels 153:160 arg1 composite 162:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite 131:170 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 0 39 theme @ 29:29 arg1 aerogel 39:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 3 40 theme @ 614:614 arg1 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 3 40 theme @ 614:614 arg1 NaAlg 615:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 607:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 607:625 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 4 41 theme Fe 698:699 arg1 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 4 41 theme Fe 698:699 arg1 NaAlg 702:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 694:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 694:712 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 3 42 theme MOF 607:609 arg1 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 3 42 theme MOF 607:609 arg1 NaAlg 615:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 607:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 607:625 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 1 43 theme X-ray 394:398 arg1 XPS 428:430 XPS 428:430 XPS 428:430 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 43 theme X-ray 394:398 arg1 spectroscopy 414:425 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 394:425 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 394:431 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 6 44 theme fertilizer 900:909 arg1 formulation 911:921 the prepared fertilizer formulation 887:921 the prepared fertilizer formulation 887:921 Also, the prepared fertilizer formulation exhibited excellent water-retention capacity in soil. 31730961 2 45 theme MOF 468:470 arg1 aerogels 482:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels 464:489 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) 464:515 The MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels loaded by ammonium (NH4+) was prepare to the slow-release fertilizer (SRF). 31730961 1 46 theme scanning 325:332 arg1 SEM 355:357 SEM 355:357 SEM 355:357 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 46 theme scanning 325:332 arg1 microscopy 343:352 scanning electron microscopy 325:352 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 325:358 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 5 47 theme MOF 819:821 arg1 role 811:814 the effective role 797:814 the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation 797:878 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 1 48 theme photoelectron 400:412 arg1 XPS 428:430 XPS 428:430 XPS 428:430 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 48 theme photoelectron 400:412 arg1 spectroscopy 414:425 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 394:425 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 394:431 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 6 49 theme prepared 891:898 arg1 formulation 911:921 the prepared fertilizer formulation 887:921 the prepared fertilizer formulation 887:921 Also, the prepared fertilizer formulation exhibited excellent water-retention capacity in soil. 31730961 3 50 theme Fe 611:612 arg1 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 2:10 621:624 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 3 50 theme Fe 611:612 arg1 NaAlg 615:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 607:619 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 607:625 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 4 51 theme @ 701:701 arg1 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 2:10 708:711 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 4 51 theme @ 701:701 arg1 NaAlg 702:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg 694:706 MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) 694:712 The swelling behaviors of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) in different saline solutions were investigated. 31730961 1 52 theme electron 334:341 arg1 SEM 355:357 SEM 355:357 SEM 355:357 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 52 theme electron 334:341 arg1 microscopy 343:352 scanning electron microscopy 325:352 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 325:358 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 5 53 theme release 767:773 arg1 assessments 775:785 The release assessments 763:785 The release assessments 763:785 The release assessments confirmed the effective role of MOF(Fe) in slow-release property of the prepared formulation. 31730961 7 54 theme agriculture 1049:1059 arg1 field 1040:1044 the field 1036:1044 the field of agriculture 1036:1059 Therefore, they will have a great potential application in the field of agriculture. 31730961 0 55 theme aerogel 39:45 arg1 fabrication 7:17 Facile fabrication 0:17 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 0:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 0 55 theme aerogel 39:45 arg1 application 55:65 its application 51:65 its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer 51:114 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 7 56 contain have 998:1001 arg1 they 988:991 they 988:991 they 988:991 Therefore, they will have a great potential application in the field of agriculture. 31730961 7 56 contain have 998:1001 arg2 application 1021:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 Therefore, they will have a great potential application in the field of agriculture. 31730961 7 57 theme potential 1011:1019 arg1 application 1021:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 a great potential application 1003:1031 Therefore, they will have a great potential application in the field of agriculture. 31730961 3 58 theme NaAlg 615:619 arg1 swelling 595:602 swelling 595:602 swelling 595:602 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 3 58 theme NaAlg 615:619 arg1 capacity 582:589 adsorption capacity 571:589 adsorption capacity 571:589 The adsorption capacity and swelling of MOF(Fe)@NaAlg(2:10) were 29.4 mg/g and 73 g/g, respectively. 31730961 0 59 theme alginate 30:37 arg1 aerogel 39:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel 22:45 Facile fabrication of MOF(Fe)@alginate aerogel and its application for a high-performance slow-release N-fertilizer. 31730961 1 60 theme infrared 269:276 arg1 FT-IR 292:296 FT-IR 292:296 FT-IR 292:296 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 31730961 1 60 theme infrared 269:276 arg1 spectroscopy 278:289 infrared spectroscopy 269:289 infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 269:297 In this work, a novel MOF(Fe)@NaAlg aerogels composite were fabricated by a facile method of ion cross-linking, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and BET surface area analysis. 30130395 4 0 theme high 750:753 arg1 strength 755:762 high strength 750:762 high strength 750:762 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 5 1 theme PEG-grafted 868:878 arg1 nanofibers 890:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers 864:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 864:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 1 2 theme polymer-based 190:202 arg1 nanocomposites 204:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 7 3 theme significant 1393:1403 arg1 potential 1405:1413 its significant potential 1389:1413 its significant potential for optical applications 1389:1438 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 4 from addition 1262:1269 arg1 film 1298:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 4 from addition 1262:1269 arg1 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 5 5 theme aligned 938:944 arg1 nanocomposite 946:958 the aligned nanocomposite 934:958 the aligned nanocomposite 934:958 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 0 6 theme Nanocellulose 125:137 arg1 Fraction 98:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction 82:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose 82:137 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 5 7 theme aligned 1026:1032 arg1 nanocomposites 1044:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites 1020:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously 1020:1077 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 7 8 theme anisotropic 1342:1352 arg1 effect 1371:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 3 9 theme lactic 602:607 arg1 poly 597:600 poly 597:600 a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose 595:666 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 3 9 theme lactic 602:607 arg1 acid 609:612 lactic acid 602:612 lactic acid 602:612 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 4 10 theme aligned 704:710 arg1 nanocomposites 730:743 aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites 704:743 aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior 704:807 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 0 11 theme Functionalized 110:123 arg1 Nanocellulose 125:137 Functionalized Nanocellulose 110:137 Functionalized Nanocellulose 110:137 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 6 12 theme cellulose 1237:1245 arg1 nanofibers 1247:1256 unmodified cellulose nanofibers 1226:1256 unmodified cellulose nanofibers 1226:1256 Moreover, its ultimate strength and toughness are enhanced by 39% and 70%, respectively, as compared to the aligned nanocomposite reinforced with unmodified cellulose nanofibers. 30130395 7 13 theme aligned 1276:1282 arg1 film 1298:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 13 theme aligned 1276:1282 arg1 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 3 14 theme better 574:579 arg1 dispersion 581:590 much better dispersion 569:590 much better dispersion 569:590 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 2 15 theme substantial 408:418 arg1 challenges 420:429 substantial challenges 408:429 substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 408:476 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 5 16 theme cellulose 880:888 arg1 nanofibers 890:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers 864:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 864:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 4 17 theme optical 792:798 arg1 behavior 800:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 2 18 theme nanoparticles 331:343 arg1 dispersion 305:314 dispersion 305:314 dispersion 305:314 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 18 theme nanoparticles 331:343 arg1 orientation 289:299 orientation 289:299 orientation 289:299 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 7 19 theme scattering 1360:1369 arg1 effect 1371:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 3 20 dep matrix 621:626 arg1 compared 631:638 compared 631:638 compared to unmodified nanocellulose 631:666 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 6 21 theme ultimate 1094:1101 arg1 strength 1103:1110 its ultimate strength 1090:1110 its ultimate strength 1090:1110 Moreover, its ultimate strength and toughness are enhanced by 39% and 70%, respectively, as compared to the aligned nanocomposite reinforced with unmodified cellulose nanofibers. 30130395 4 22 theme uniaxial 679:686 arg1 method 696:701 a uniaxial drawing method 677:701 a uniaxial drawing method 677:701 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 2 23 theme reinforcing 319:329 arg1 nanoparticles 331:343 reinforcing nanoparticles 319:343 reinforcing nanoparticles 319:343 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 5 24 theme wt 856:857 arg1 nanofibers 890:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers 864:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 864:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 24 theme wt 856:857 arg1 % 859:859 0.1 wt % 852:859 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 852:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 25 from % 859:859 arg1 PLA 904:906 PLA 904:906 PLA 904:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 2 26 from challenges 420:429 arg1 composites 467:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 27 theme interfacial 373:383 arg1 interaction 385:395 the interfacial interaction 369:395 the interfacial interaction 369:395 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 3 28 theme ethylene 499:506 arg1 poly 494:497 poly 494:497 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 3 28 theme ethylene 499:506 arg1 glycol 508:513 ethylene glycol 499:513 ethylene glycol 499:513 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 0 29 theme High-Strength 0:12 arg1 Nanocomposite 52:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 6 30 theme unmodified 1226:1235 arg1 nanofibers 1247:1256 unmodified cellulose nanofibers 1226:1256 unmodified cellulose nanofibers 1226:1256 Moreover, its ultimate strength and toughness are enhanced by 39% and 70%, respectively, as compared to the aligned nanocomposite reinforced with unmodified cellulose nanofibers. 30130395 7 31 from transparent 1313:1323 arg1 addition 1262:1269 addition 1262:1269 addition 1262:1269 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 4 32 theme unique 785:790 arg1 behavior 800:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 4 33 theme PLA/nanocellulose 712:728 arg1 nanocomposites 730:743 aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites 704:743 aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior 704:807 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 0 34 theme Aligned 30:36 arg1 Nanocomposite 52:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 5 35 theme % 859:859 arg1 incorporation 835:847 the incorporation 831:847 the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 831:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 36 theme PLA-based 1034:1042 arg1 nanocomposites 1044:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites 1020:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously 1020:1077 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 7 37 theme nanocomposite 1284:1296 arg1 film 1298:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 37 theme nanocomposite 1284:1296 arg1 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 1 38 theme specific 242:249 arg1 applications 251:262 specific applications 242:262 specific applications 242:262 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 3 39 theme poly 597:600 arg1 matrix 621:626 a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix 595:626 a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose 595:666 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 4 40 with nanocomposites 730:743 arg1 behavior 800:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 unique optical behavior 785:807 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 4 40 with nanocomposites 730:743 arg1 strength 755:762 high strength 750:762 high strength 750:762 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 4 40 with nanocomposites 730:743 arg1 toughness 770:778 high toughness 765:778 high toughness 765:778 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 1 41 theme Multifunctional 140:154 arg1 nanocomposites 204:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 3 42 theme cellulose 530:538 arg1 nanofibers 540:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 3 43 theme poly 494:497 arg1 nanofibers 540:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 7 44 contain possesses 1329:1337 arg2 effect 1371:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 44 contain possesses 1329:1337 arg1 film 1298:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 the aligned nanocomposite film 1272:1301 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 7 44 contain possesses 1329:1337 arg1 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 transparent 1313:1323 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 5 45 theme ultimate 913:920 arg1 strength 922:929 the ultimate strength 909:929 the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite 909:958 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 46 theme nanofibers 890:899 arg1 nanofibers 890:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers 864:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 864:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 46 theme nanofibers 890:899 arg1 % 859:859 0.1 wt % 852:859 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 852:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 0 47 theme Polymer-Based 38:50 arg1 Nanocomposite 52:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite 0:64 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 5 48 from nanofibers 890:899 arg1 PLA 904:906 PLA 904:906 PLA 904:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 4 49 theme drawing 688:694 arg1 method 696:701 a uniaxial drawing method 677:701 a uniaxial drawing method 677:701 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 7 50 theme optical 1419:1425 arg1 applications 1427:1438 optical applications 1419:1438 optical applications 1419:1438 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 1 51 theme lightweight 156:166 arg1 nanocomposites 204:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 1 52 theme strong 183:188 arg1 nanocomposites 204:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 4 53 theme high 765:768 arg1 toughness 770:778 high toughness 765:778 high toughness 765:778 Through a uniaxial drawing method, aligned PLA/nanocellulose nanocomposites with high strength, high toughness, and unique optical behavior can be obtained. 30130395 0 54 dep High-Strength 0:12 arg1 High-Toughness 15:28 High-Toughness 15:28 High-Toughness 15:28 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 5 55 theme other 1020:1024 arg1 nanocomposites 1044:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites 1020:1057 other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously 1020:1077 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 1 56 theme flexible 169:176 arg1 nanocomposites 204:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites 140:217 Multifunctional lightweight, flexible, yet strong polymer-based nanocomposites are highly desired for specific applications. 30130395 5 57 theme nanocomposite 946:958 arg1 strength 922:929 the ultimate strength 909:929 the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite 909:958 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 2 58 theme dispersion 305:314 arg1 control 278:284 the control 274:284 the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles 274:343 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 58 theme dispersion 305:314 arg1 optimization 353:364 the optimization 349:364 the optimization of the interfacial interaction 349:395 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 59 theme interaction 385:395 arg1 control 278:284 the control 274:284 the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles 274:343 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 59 theme interaction 385:395 arg1 optimization 353:364 the optimization 349:364 the optimization of the interfacial interaction 349:395 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 0 60 theme Weight 91:96 arg1 Fraction 98:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction 82:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose 82:137 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 7 61 theme light 1354:1358 arg1 effect 1371:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 an anisotropic light scattering effect 1339:1376 In addition, the aligned nanocomposite film is highly transparent and possesses an anisotropic light scattering effect, revealing its significant potential for optical applications. 30130395 3 62 theme unmodified 643:652 arg1 nanocellulose 654:666 unmodified nanocellulose 643:666 unmodified nanocellulose 643:666 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 3 63 theme -grafted 521:528 arg1 nanofibers 540:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers 494:549 In this study, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted cellulose nanofibers have demonstrated much better dispersion in a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix as compared to unmodified nanocellulose. 30130395 2 64 theme polymer 459:465 arg1 composites 467:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 6 65 theme aligned 1188:1194 arg1 nanocomposite 1196:1208 the aligned nanocomposite 1184:1208 the aligned nanocomposite reinforced with unmodified cellulose nanofibers 1184:1256 Moreover, its ultimate strength and toughness are enhanced by 39% and 70%, respectively, as compared to the aligned nanocomposite reinforced with unmodified cellulose nanofibers. 30130395 0 66 theme Ultralow 82:89 arg1 Fraction 98:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction 82:105 Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose 82:137 High-Strength, High-Toughness Aligned Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Reinforced with Ultralow Weight Fraction of Functionalized Nanocellulose. 30130395 2 67 theme orientation 289:299 arg1 control 278:284 the control 274:284 the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles 274:343 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 2 67 theme orientation 289:299 arg1 optimization 353:364 the optimization 349:364 the optimization of the interfacial interaction 349:395 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 30130395 5 68 from PLA 904:906 arg1 nanofibers 890:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers 864:899 the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 864:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 5 68 from PLA 904:906 arg1 % 859:859 0.1 wt % 852:859 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA 852:906 With the incorporation of 0.1 wt % of the PEG-grafted cellulose nanofibers in PLA, the ultimate strength of the aligned nanocomposite reaches 343 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of other aligned PLA-based nanocomposites reported previously. 30130395 2 69 theme nanocellulose-reinforced 434:457 arg1 composites 467:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites 434:476 However, the control of orientation and dispersion of reinforcing nanoparticles and the optimization of the interfacial interaction still pose substantial challenges in nanocellulose-reinforced polymer composites. 31802293 6 0 theme present 1064:1070 arg1 simulations 1072:1082 the present simulations 1060:1082 the present simulations 1060:1082 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 9 1 theme proposed 1596:1603 arg1 methods 1619:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 3 2 theme damage 607:612 arg1 behaviour 614:622 the deformation and damage behaviour 587:622 behaviour 614:622 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 9 3 from networks 1748:1755 arg1 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 3 4 from behaviour 614:622 arg1 cartilages 697:706 articular cartilages 687:706 articular cartilages 687:706 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 7 5 theme constitutive 1272:1283 arg1 model 1285:1289 the constitutive model 1268:1289 the constitutive model 1268:1289 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 31802293 2 6 theme present 325:331 arg1 study 333:337 the present study 321:337 the present study 321:337 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 1 7 theme articular 230:238 arg1 cartilage 240:248 articular cartilage 230:248 articular cartilage 230:248 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 4 8 theme simulation 792:801 arg1 results 803:809 simulation results 792:809 simulation results involving strain localization 792:839 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 5 9 theme articular 1025:1033 arg1 cartilages 1035:1044 articular cartilages 1025:1044 articular cartilages 1025:1044 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 6 10 theme collagen 1121:1128 arg1 networks 1137:1144 collagen fibril networks 1121:1144 collagen fibril networks 1121:1144 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 8 11 theme articular 1456:1464 arg1 cartilage 1466:1474 the articular cartilage 1452:1474 the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis 1452:1505 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 5 12 theme 3D 842:843 arg1 models 859:864 3D computational models 842:864 3D computational models for a normal cartilage 842:887 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 3 13 theme proteoglycan 664:675 arg1 matrix 677:682 highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix 648:682 highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix 648:682 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 1 14 theme load-bearing 261:272 arg1 capacity 274:281 its load-bearing capacity 257:281 its load-bearing capacity 257:281 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 8 15 theme spherical 1404:1412 arg1 tests 1426:1430 spherical indentation tests 1404:1430 spherical indentation tests 1404:1430 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 8 16 theme tests 1426:1430 arg1 results 1393:1399 The simulation results 1378:1399 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests 1378:1430 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 9 17 theme complex 1706:1712 arg1 morphology 1714:1723 the complex morphology 1702:1723 the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials 1702:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 1 18 theme Osteoarthritis-induced 162:183 arg1 changes 219:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes 162:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage 162:248 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 0 19 theme visco-hyperelastic 11:28 arg1 model 37:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model 0:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 0:160 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 9 20 theme collagen 1732:1739 arg1 networks 1748:1755 the collagen fibril networks 1728:1755 the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials 1728:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 2 21 from effects 353:359 arg1 behaviour 433:441 the damage behaviour 422:441 the damage behaviour of articular cartilages 422:465 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 6 22 theme compositional 1157:1169 arg1 changes 1171:1177 compositional changes 1157:1177 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 9 23 theme networks 1748:1755 arg1 relationship 1656:1667 the relationship 1652:1667 the relationship between the damage behaviour 1652:1696 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 9 23 theme networks 1748:1755 arg1 morphology 1714:1723 the complex morphology 1702:1723 the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials 1702:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 6 24 theme networks 1137:1144 arg1 changes 1171:1177 compositional changes 1157:1177 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 6 24 theme networks 1137:1144 arg1 alterations 1106:1116 the alterations 1102:1116 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 5 25 with models 859:864 arg1 levels 951:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 8 26 theme identical 1572:1580 arg1 loadings 1582:1589 identical loadings 1572:1589 identical loadings 1572:1589 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 2 27 theme cartilages 456:465 arg1 behaviour 433:441 the damage behaviour 422:441 the damage behaviour of articular cartilages 422:465 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 3 28 theme continuum 555:563 arg1 mechanics 565:573 continuum mechanics 555:573 continuum mechanics 555:573 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 7 29 theme unconfined 1348:1357 arg1 tests 1371:1375 unconfined compression tests 1348:1375 unconfined compression tests 1348:1375 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 31802293 3 30 theme collagen 627:634 arg1 fibrils 636:642 collagen fibrils 627:642 collagen fibrils 627:642 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 6 31 theme different 1208:1216 arg1 stages 1233:1238 different osteoarthritic stages 1208:1238 different osteoarthritic stages 1208:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 5 32 theme different 928:936 arg1 levels 951:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 6 33 theme constituents 1192:1203 arg1 changes 1171:1177 compositional changes 1157:1177 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 6 33 theme constituents 1192:1203 arg1 alterations 1106:1116 the alterations 1102:1116 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 3 34 theme poro-visco-hyperelastic 470:492 arg1 model 501:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model 468:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model 468:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 0 35 theme articular 47:55 arg1 cartilage 57:65 articular cartilage 47:65 articular cartilage 47:65 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 0 36 dep model 37:41 arg1 application 68:78 application 68:78 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 0:160 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 2 37 theme microstructural 391:405 arg1 degradation 407:417 the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation 364:417 the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation 364:417 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 3 38 theme fibrils 636:642 arg1 behaviour 614:622 the deformation and damage behaviour 587:622 behaviour 614:622 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 9 39 from relationship 1656:1667 arg1 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 4 40 theme integral-type 712:724 arg1 algorithm 735:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm 709:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm 709:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 5 41 theme normal 872:877 arg1 cartilage 879:887 a normal cartilage 870:887 a normal cartilage 870:887 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 5 42 theme resistance 1011:1020 arg1 degradation 985:995 the degradation 981:995 the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages 981:1044 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 9 43 theme computational 1605:1617 arg1 methods 1619:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 9 44 used used 1634:1637 arg2 methods 1619:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods 1592:1625 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 5 45 theme osteoarthritic 897:910 arg1 cartilages 912:921 two osteoarthritic cartilages 893:921 two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels 893:956 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 2 46 theme damage 426:431 arg1 behaviour 433:441 the damage behaviour 422:441 the damage behaviour of articular cartilages 422:465 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 7 47 theme model 1285:1289 arg1 parameters 1254:1263 The material parameters 1241:1263 The material parameters of the constitutive model 1241:1289 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 31802293 6 48 from stages 1233:1238 arg1 changes 1171:1177 compositional changes 1157:1177 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 6 48 from stages 1233:1238 arg1 alterations 1106:1116 the alterations 1102:1116 the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages 1102:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 9 49 theme fibril 1741:1746 arg1 networks 1748:1755 the collagen fibril networks 1728:1755 the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials 1728:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 8 50 with cartilage 1466:1474 arg1 osteoarthritis 1492:1505 high-stage osteoarthritis 1481:1505 high-stage osteoarthritis 1481:1505 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 2 51 theme study 333:337 arg1 aim 314:316 The aim 310:316 The aim of the present study 310:337 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 5 52 theme damage 1004:1009 arg1 resistance 1011:1020 the damage resistance 1000:1020 the damage resistance of articular cartilages 1000:1044 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 9 53 from morphology 1714:1723 arg1 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 biomaterials 1760:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 4 54 theme mesh 773:776 arg1 dependence 778:787 the mesh dependence 769:787 the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization 769:839 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 3 55 theme matrix 677:682 arg1 behaviour 614:622 the deformation and damage behaviour 587:622 behaviour 614:622 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 1 56 theme cartilage 240:248 arg1 changes 219:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes 162:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage 162:248 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 6 57 theme fibril 1130:1135 arg1 networks 1137:1144 collagen fibril networks 1121:1144 collagen fibril networks 1121:1144 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 0 58 theme behaviour 151:159 arg1 modelling 99:107 micromechanical modelling 83:107 micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 83:159 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 3 59 theme hydrated 655:662 arg1 matrix 677:682 highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix 648:682 highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix 648:682 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 8 60 theme simulation 1382:1391 arg1 results 1393:1399 The simulation results 1378:1399 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests 1378:1430 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 1 61 theme microstructural 185:199 arg1 changes 219:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes 162:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage 162:248 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 2 62 theme degradation 407:417 arg1 effects 353:359 effects 353:359 effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages 353:465 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 5 63 theme computational 845:857 arg1 models 859:864 3D computational models 842:864 3D computational models for a normal cartilage 842:887 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 3 64 theme articular 687:695 arg1 cartilages 697:706 articular cartilages 687:706 articular cartilages 687:706 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 8 65 from damage 1442:1447 arg1 cartilage 1466:1474 the articular cartilage 1452:1474 the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis 1452:1505 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 8 66 theme indentation 1414:1424 arg1 tests 1426:1430 spherical indentation tests 1404:1430 spherical indentation tests 1404:1430 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 8 67 theme high-stage 1481:1490 arg1 osteoarthritis 1492:1505 high-stage osteoarthritis 1481:1505 high-stage osteoarthritis 1481:1505 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 6 68 theme cartilage 1182:1190 arg1 constituents 1192:1203 cartilage constituents 1182:1203 cartilage constituents 1182:1203 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 5 69 with cartilages 912:921 arg1 levels 951:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 5 70 theme cartilages 1035:1044 arg1 resistance 1011:1020 the damage resistance 1000:1020 the damage resistance of articular cartilages 1000:1044 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 4 71 theme results 803:809 arg1 dependence 778:787 the mesh dependence 769:787 the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization 769:839 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 0 72 theme micromechanical 83:97 arg1 modelling 99:107 micromechanical modelling 83:107 micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 83:159 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 1 73 theme compositional 205:217 arg1 changes 219:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes 162:225 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage 162:248 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 7 74 theme material 1245:1252 arg1 parameters 1254:1263 The material parameters 1241:1263 The material parameters of the constitutive model 1241:1289 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 31802293 4 75 theme strain 821:826 arg1 localization 828:839 strain localization 821:839 strain localization 821:839 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 9 76 from biomaterials 1760:1771 arg1 relationship 1656:1667 the relationship 1652:1667 the relationship between the damage behaviour 1652:1696 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 9 76 from biomaterials 1760:1771 arg1 morphology 1714:1723 the complex morphology 1702:1723 the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials 1702:1771 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 0 77 theme osteoarthritis-induced 116:137 arg1 behaviour 151:159 the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 112:159 the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 112:159 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 9 78 theme damage 1681:1686 arg1 behaviour 1688:1696 the damage behaviour 1677:1696 the damage behaviour 1677:1696 The proposed computational methods can be used for studying the relationship between the damage behaviour and the complex morphology of the collagen fibril networks in biomaterials. 31802293 8 79 theme normal 1549:1554 arg1 cartilage 1556:1564 the normal cartilage 1545:1564 the normal cartilage under identical loadings 1545:1589 The simulation results of spherical indentation tests show that damage in the articular cartilage with high-stage osteoarthritis is much more significant than that in the normal cartilage under identical loadings. 31802293 3 80 theme theoretical 530:540 arg1 framework 542:550 the theoretical framework 526:550 the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages 526:706 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 0 81 theme biphasic 2:9 arg1 model 37:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model 0:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 0:160 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 2 82 theme articular 446:454 arg1 cartilages 456:465 articular cartilages 446:465 articular cartilages 446:465 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 0 83 theme damage 30:35 arg1 model 37:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model 0:41 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 0:160 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 6 84 theme osteoarthritic 1218:1231 arg1 stages 1233:1238 different osteoarthritic stages 1208:1238 different osteoarthritic stages 1208:1238 In addition, the present simulations take into account the alterations of collagen fibril networks as well as compositional changes of cartilage constituents at different osteoarthritic stages. 31802293 3 85 theme mechanics 565:573 arg1 framework 542:550 the theoretical framework 526:550 the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages 526:706 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 7 86 theme computational 1323:1335 arg1 results 1337:1343 the computational results 1319:1343 the computational results 1319:1343 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 31802293 5 87 theme degeneration 938:949 arg1 levels 951:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 different degeneration levels 928:956 3D computational models for a normal cartilage and two osteoarthritic cartilages with different degeneration levels are developed to study the degradation of the damage resistance of articular cartilages. 31802293 3 88 theme damage 494:499 arg1 model 501:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model 468:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model 468:505 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 3 89 theme deformation 591:601 arg1 behaviour 614:622 the deformation and damage behaviour 587:622 behaviour 614:622 A poro-visco-hyperelastic damage model is proposed within the theoretical framework of continuum mechanics to describe the deformation and damage behaviour of collagen fibrils and highly hydrated proteoglycan matrix in articular cartilages. 31802293 4 90 theme nonlocal 726:733 arg1 algorithm 735:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm 709:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm 709:743 An integral-type nonlocal algorithm is employed to overcome the mesh dependence of simulation results involving strain localization. 31802293 2 91 theme osteoarthritis-induced 368:389 arg1 degradation 407:417 the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation 364:417 the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation 364:417 The aim of the present study is to analyse effects of the osteoarthritis-induced microstructural degradation on the damage behaviour of articular cartilages. 31802293 1 92 theme damage 291:296 arg1 resistance 298:307 the damage resistance 287:307 the damage resistance 287:307 Osteoarthritis-induced microstructural and compositional changes of articular cartilage affect its load-bearing capacity and the damage resistance. 31802293 0 93 theme degradation 139:149 arg1 behaviour 151:159 the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 112:159 the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour 112:159 A biphasic visco-hyperelastic damage model for articular cartilage: application to micromechanical modelling of the osteoarthritis-induced degradation behaviour. 31802293 7 94 theme compression 1359:1369 arg1 tests 1371:1375 unconfined compression tests 1348:1375 unconfined compression tests 1348:1375 The material parameters of the constitutive model are identified by comparing the computational results to unconfined compression tests. 30280352 3 0 theme substrate 708:716 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 0 theme substrate 708:716 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 0 theme substrate 708:716 arg1 dispersion 747:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 1 theme active 701:706 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 1 theme active 701:706 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 1 theme active 701:706 arg1 dispersion 747:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 2 2 theme formation 577:585 arg1 extent 562:567 extent 562:567 extent 562:567 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 2 2 theme formation 577:585 arg1 quality 550:556 quality 550:556 quality 550:556 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 7 3 theme process 1430:1436 arg1 parameters 1438:1447 the critical process parameters 1417:1447 the critical process parameters using small-scale batches 1417:1473 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 8 4 used utilized 1628:1635 arg2 robustness 1548:1557 The robustness 1544:1557 The robustness of the design space 1544:1577 The robustness of the design space was confirmed across scales and was successfully utilized to establish process signature for the coating process. 30280352 3 5 used utilized 686:693 arg2 citrate 804:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 5 used utilized 686:693 arg2 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 5 used utilized 686:693 arg2 plasticizer 817:827 a plasticizer 815:827 a plasticizer 815:827 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 5 used utilized 686:693 arg2 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 5 used utilized 686:693 arg2 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 0 6 theme Design 69:74 arg1 Space 76:80 the Design Space 65:80 the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 65:123 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 3 7 theme Ciprofloxacin 649:661 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 7 theme Ciprofloxacin 649:661 arg1 plasticizer 817:827 a plasticizer 815:827 a plasticizer 815:827 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 7 theme Ciprofloxacin 649:661 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 7 theme Ciprofloxacin 649:661 arg1 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 7 theme Ciprofloxacin 649:661 arg1 citrate 804:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 2 8 theme film 572:575 arg1 formation 577:585 film formation 572:585 film formation 572:585 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 4 9 theme Bayesian 1026:1033 arg1 approach 1035:1042 a Bayesian approach 1024:1042 a Bayesian approach 1024:1042 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 5 10 theme curing 1172:1177 arg1 time 1179:1182 curing time 1172:1182 curing time 1172:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 1 11 theme multiparticulate 330:345 arg1 beads 347:351 multiparticulate beads 330:351 multiparticulate beads 330:351 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 2 12 dep effects 508:514 arg1 have 538:541 have 538:541 have 538:541 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 1 13 theme beads 347:351 arg1 coating 319:325 ethylcellulose film coating 299:325 ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads 299:351 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 5 14 with model 1115:1119 arg1 time 1179:1182 curing time 1172:1182 curing time 1172:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 14 with model 1115:1119 arg1 temperature 1135:1145 spraying temperature 1126:1145 spraying temperature 1126:1145 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 14 with model 1115:1119 arg1 temperature 1155:1165 curing temperature 1148:1165 curing temperature 1148:1165 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 8 15 theme space 1573:1577 arg1 robustness 1548:1557 The robustness 1544:1557 The robustness of the design space 1544:1577 The robustness of the design space was confirmed across scales and was successfully utilized to establish process signature for the coating process. 30280352 1 16 theme design 242:247 arg1 space 249:253 a design space 240:253 a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales 240:417 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 4 17 theme design 969:974 arg1 space 976:980 a design space 967:980 a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach 967:1042 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 7 18 theme critical 1421:1428 arg1 parameters 1438:1447 the critical process parameters 1417:1447 the critical process parameters using small-scale batches 1417:1473 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 0 19 theme Bayesian 34:41 arg1 Approach 43:50 Bayesian Approach 34:50 Bayesian Approach 34:50 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 5 20 theme spraying 1126:1133 arg1 temperature 1135:1145 spraying temperature 1126:1145 spraying temperature 1126:1145 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 2 21 dep quality 550:556 arg1 the 546:548 the 546:548 the 546:548 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 6 22 theme design 1216:1221 arg1 spaces 1223:1228 The design spaces 1212:1228 The design spaces established by the two approaches 1212:1262 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 6 23 theme Bayesian 1365:1372 arg1 approach 1374:1381 the Bayesian approach 1361:1381 the Bayesian approach 1361:1381 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 6 24 theme close 1272:1276 arg1 agreement 1278:1286 close agreement 1272:1286 close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach 1272:1381 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 1 25 theme primary 164:170 arg1 objective 172:180 The primary objective 160:180 The primary objective of this study 160:194 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 2 26 theme many 436:439 arg1 factors 441:447 many factors 436:447 many factors that can affect film coating 436:476 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 2 27 theme drug 635:638 arg1 release 640:646 drug release 635:646 drug release 635:646 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 7 28 theme design 1388:1393 arg1 space 1395:1399 The design space 1384:1399 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches 1384:1473 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 7 28 theme design 1388:1393 arg1 scale-independent 1525:1541 scale-independent 1525:1541 scale-independent 1525:1541 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 6 29 theme statistical 1297:1307 arg1 approach 1323:1330 the statistical least squares approach 1293:1330 the statistical least squares approach 1293:1330 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 6 29 theme statistical 1297:1307 arg1 conservative 1343:1354 conservative 1343:1354 conservative 1343:1354 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 4 30 theme least 1007:1011 arg1 squares 1013:1019 least squares 1007:1019 statistical least squares 995:1019 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 5 31 theme curing 1148:1153 arg1 temperature 1155:1165 curing temperature 1148:1165 curing temperature 1148:1165 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 0 32 theme HCl 115:117 arg1 Beads 119:123 Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 101:123 Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 101:123 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 6 33 theme squares 1315:1321 arg1 approach 1323:1330 the statistical least squares approach 1293:1330 the statistical least squares approach 1293:1330 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 6 33 theme squares 1315:1321 arg1 conservative 1343:1354 conservative 1343:1354 conservative 1343:1354 The design spaces established by the two approaches were in close agreement with the statistical least squares approach being more conservative than the Bayesian approach. 30280352 0 34 theme Statistical 12:22 arg1 Model 24:28 a Statistical Model 10:28 a Statistical Model 10:28 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 1 35 theme critical 259:266 arg1 parameters 276:285 critical process parameters 259:285 critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales 259:417 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 0 36 theme Ciprofloxacin 101:113 arg1 Beads 119:123 Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 101:123 Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 101:123 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 1 37 theme design 369:374 arg1 space 376:380 this design space 364:380 this design space validity 364:389 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 2 38 theme film 465:468 arg1 coating 470:476 film coating 465:476 film coating 465:476 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 1 39 theme process 268:274 arg1 parameters 276:285 critical process parameters 259:285 critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales 259:417 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 2 40 theme processing 516:525 arg1 conditions 527:536 processing conditions 516:536 processing conditions 516:536 While there are many factors that can affect film coating, this study will focus on the effects processing conditions have on the quality and extent of film formation, as evaluated by their impact coating yield and drug release. 30280352 1 41 theme space 376:380 arg1 validity 382:389 this design space validity 364:389 this design space validity 364:389 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 1 42 theme study 190:194 arg1 objective 172:180 The primary objective 160:180 The primary objective of this study 160:194 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 7 43 theme small-scale 1455:1465 arg1 batches 1467:1473 small-scale batches 1455:1473 small-scale batches 1455:1473 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 0 44 theme Beads 119:123 arg1 Coating 90:96 the Coating 86:96 the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads 86:123 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 3 45 theme aqueous 739:745 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 45 theme aqueous 739:745 arg1 dispersion 747:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 5 46 theme linear 1085:1090 arg1 model 1115:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model 1083:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time 1083:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 46 theme linear 1085:1090 arg1 terms 1205:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 47 theme response 1049:1056 arg1 surface 1058:1064 The response surface 1045:1064 The response surface 1045:1064 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 4 48 theme composite 880:888 arg1 design 890:895 a central composite design 870:895 a central composite design 870:895 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 5 49 theme two-factor 1092:1101 arg1 model 1115:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model 1083:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time 1083:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 49 theme two-factor 1092:1101 arg1 terms 1205:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 3 50 theme HCl 663:665 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 50 theme HCl 663:665 arg1 plasticizer 817:827 a plasticizer 815:827 a plasticizer 815:827 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 50 theme HCl 663:665 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 50 theme HCl 663:665 arg1 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 50 theme HCl 663:665 arg1 citrate 804:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 51 theme ethylcellulose 724:737 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 51 theme ethylcellulose 724:737 arg1 dispersion 747:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion 724:756 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 0 52 theme Different 128:136 arg1 Scales 138:143 Different Scales 128:143 Different Scales of Production 128:157 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 1 53 theme manufacturing 398:410 arg1 scales 412:417 manufacturing scales 398:417 manufacturing scales 398:417 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 3 54 theme layered 667:673 arg1 core 718:721 an active substrate core 698:721 an active substrate core 698:721 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 54 theme layered 667:673 arg1 plasticizer 817:827 a plasticizer 815:827 a plasticizer 815:827 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 54 theme layered 667:673 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 54 theme layered 667:673 arg1 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 54 theme layered 667:673 arg1 citrate 804:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 8 55 theme process 1650:1656 arg1 signature 1658:1666 process signature 1650:1666 process signature for the coating process 1650:1690 The robustness of the design space was confirmed across scales and was successfully utilized to establish process signature for the coating process. 30280352 1 56 theme ethylcellulose 299:312 arg1 coating 319:325 ethylcellulose film coating 299:325 ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads 299:351 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 0 57 theme Production 148:157 arg1 Scales 138:143 Different Scales 128:143 Different Scales of Production 128:157 Comparing a Statistical Model and Bayesian Approach to Establish the Design Space for the Coating of Ciprofloxacin HCl Beads at Different Scales of Production. 30280352 3 58 theme release 774:780 arg1 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 58 theme release 774:780 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 4 59 theme central 872:878 arg1 design 890:895 a central composite design 870:895 a central composite design 870:895 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 3 60 theme triethyl 795:802 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 60 theme triethyl 795:802 arg1 citrate 804:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 triethyl citrate 795:810 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 4 61 theme coating 913:919 arg1 process 921:927 the coating process 909:927 the coating process 909:927 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 5 62 theme model 1199:1203 arg1 model 1115:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model 1083:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time 1083:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 62 theme model 1199:1203 arg1 terms 1205:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 4 63 theme response 941:948 arg1 surface 950:956 the response surface 937:956 the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach 937:1042 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 7 64 theme scale-up 1492:1499 arg1 batches 1501:1507 scale-up batches 1492:1507 scale-up batches 1492:1507 The design space established for the critical process parameters using small-scale batches was tested using scale-up batches and found to be scale-independent. 30280352 5 65 theme interaction 1103:1113 arg1 model 1115:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model 1083:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time 1083:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 65 theme interaction 1103:1113 arg1 terms 1205:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 8 66 theme design 1566:1571 arg1 space 1573:1577 the design space 1562:1577 the design space 1562:1577 The robustness of the design space was confirmed across scales and was successfully utilized to establish process signature for the coating process. 30280352 1 67 theme film 314:317 arg1 coating 319:325 ethylcellulose film coating 299:325 ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads 299:351 The primary objective of this study was to compare two methods for establishing a design space for critical process parameters that affect ethylcellulose film coating of multiparticulate beads and assess this design space validity across manufacturing scales. 30280352 4 68 theme statistical 995:1005 arg1 squares 1013:1019 least squares 1007:1019 statistical least squares 995:1019 Thirty experiments were conducted using a central composite design to optimize the coating process and map the response surface to build a design space using either statistical least squares or a Bayesian approach. 30280352 5 69 theme significant 1187:1197 arg1 model 1115:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model 1083:1119 a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time 1083:1182 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 5 69 theme significant 1187:1197 arg1 terms 1205:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 significant model terms 1187:1209 The response surface was fitted using a linear two-factor interaction model with spraying temperature, curing temperature, and curing time as significant model terms. 30280352 8 70 theme coating 1676:1682 arg1 process 1684:1690 the coating process 1672:1690 the coating process 1672:1690 The robustness of the design space was confirmed across scales and was successfully utilized to establish process signature for the coating process. 30280352 3 71 theme controlled 763:772 arg1 polymer 782:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 a controlled release polymer 761:788 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 30280352 3 71 theme controlled 763:772 arg1 beads 675:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads 649:679 Ciprofloxacin HCl layered beads were utilized as an active substrate core, ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion as a controlled release polymer, and triethyl citrate as a plasticizer. 29890763 5 0 theme covalent 764:771 arg1 cross 773:777 covalent cross linking 764:785 covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 764:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 7 1 theme hydride 1297:1303 arg1 phases 1305:1310 hydride phases 1297:1310 hydride phases 1297:1310 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 7 2 theme electron 1169:1176 arg1 microscopy 1178:1187 Scanning electron microscopy 1160:1187 Scanning electron microscopy 1160:1187 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 6 3 theme ethanol 1080:1086 arg1 dehydration 1088:1098 ethanol dehydration 1080:1098 ethanol dehydration 1080:1098 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 4 4 theme pore 697:700 arg1 size 702:705 pore size 697:705 pore size 697:705 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 0 5 theme Biotemplated 20:31 arg1 Aerogels 53:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels 0:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 0:61 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 29890763 8 6 theme aerogel 1405:1411 arg1 area 1421:1424 aerogel surface area 1405:1424 aerogel surface area 1405:1424 Gas adsorption, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were correlated to determine aerogel surface area. 29890763 6 7 theme CNF 942:944 arg1 hydrogels 946:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels 930:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels 930:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 6 8 theme freestanding 1137:1148 arg1 aerogels 1150:1157 freestanding aerogels 1137:1157 freestanding aerogels 1137:1157 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 9 9 theme electrical 1531:1540 arg1 conductivity 1542:1553 electrical conductivity 1531:1553 electrical conductivity 1531:1553 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 4 10 theme cellulose 617:625 arg1 CNF 638:640 CNF 638:640 CNF 638:640 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 4 10 theme cellulose 617:625 arg1 nanofiber 627:635 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber 603:635 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity 603:723 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 9 11 theme mechanical 1560:1569 arg1 robustness 1571:1580 mechanical robustness 1560:1580 mechanical robustness 1560:1580 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 1 12 theme metal 69:73 arg1 aerogels 75:82 Noble metal aerogels 63:82 Noble metal aerogels 63:82 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 2 13 theme electronic 277:286 arg1 conductivity 288:299 electronic conductivity 277:299 electronic conductivity 277:299 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 4 14 theme aerogels 588:595 arg1 synthesis 565:573 the synthesis 561:573 the synthesis of palladium aerogels 561:595 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 2 15 theme mechanical 305:314 arg1 integrity 316:324 mechanical integrity 305:324 mechanical integrity 305:324 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 7 16 theme Scanning 1160:1167 arg1 microscopy 1178:1187 Scanning electron microscopy 1160:1187 Scanning electron microscopy 1160:1187 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 7 17 theme nanowire 1217:1224 arg1 structures 1226:1235 three-dimensional nanowire structures 1199:1235 three-dimensional nanowire structures 1199:1235 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 3 18 theme carbothermal 479:490 arg1 reduction 492:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 5 19 theme 3-dimethylaminopropyl 804:824 arg1 carbodiimide 827:838 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide 793:838 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 793:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 3 20 theme metal 531:535 arg1 salts 537:541 noble metal salts 525:541 noble metal salts 525:541 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 1 21 theme tunable 164:170 arg1 porosity 172:179 tunable porosity 164:179 tunable porosity 164:179 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 4 22 theme palladium 578:586 arg1 aerogels 588:595 palladium aerogels 578:595 palladium aerogels 578:595 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 5 23 theme linking 779:785 arg1 cross 773:777 covalent cross linking 764:785 covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 764:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 9 24 theme energy 1610:1615 arg1 applications 1617:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 5 25 theme diamine 867:873 arg1 linker 875:880 a diamine linker 865:880 a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 865:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 0 26 theme Nanofiber 10:18 arg1 Aerogels 53:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels 0:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 0:61 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 29890763 1 27 theme wide 92:95 arg1 range 97:101 a wide range 90:101 a wide range of catalytic applications 90:127 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 7 28 theme X-ray 1242:1246 arg1 diffractometry 1248:1261 X-ray diffractometry 1242:1261 X-ray diffractometry 1242:1261 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 0 29 theme Cellulose 0:8 arg1 Aerogels 53:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels 0:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 0:61 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 29890763 5 30 with hydrochloride 840:852 arg1 linker 875:880 a diamine linker 865:880 a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 865:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 3 31 theme linker 434:439 arg1 molecules 441:449 linker molecules 434:449 linker molecules 434:449 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 techniques 385:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques 360:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction 360:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 molecules 441:449 linker molecules 434:449 linker molecules 434:449 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 reduction 492:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 aggregation 421:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 32 theme aerogel 367:373 arg1 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 9 33 theme self-supporting 1433:1447 arg1 aerogels 1463:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels 1427:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels 1427:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 6 34 theme Biotemplate 930:940 arg1 hydrogels 946:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels 930:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels 930:954 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 techniques 385:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques 360:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction 360:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 molecules 441:449 linker molecules 434:449 linker molecules 434:449 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 reduction 492:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 aggregation 421:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 35 theme synthesis 375:383 arg1 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 9 36 theme CNF-palladium 1449:1461 arg1 aerogels 1463:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels 1427:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels 1427:1470 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 1 37 theme catalytic 106:114 arg1 applications 116:127 catalytic applications 106:127 catalytic applications 106:127 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 5 38 theme carboxymethylated 890:906 arg1 nanofibers 918:927 carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 890:927 carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 890:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 3 39 theme mediated 412:419 arg1 aggregation 421:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 6 40 theme salt 997:1000 arg1 solutions 1002:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 8 41 theme impedance 1329:1337 arg1 spectroscopy 1339:1350 impedance spectroscopy 1329:1350 impedance spectroscopy 1329:1350 Gas adsorption, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were correlated to determine aerogel surface area. 29890763 9 42 theme sensing 1597:1603 arg1 applications 1617:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 0 43 theme Composite 43:51 arg1 Aerogels 53:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels 0:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 0:61 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 29890763 6 44 theme palladium 987:995 arg1 solutions 1002:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 9 45 theme synthesis 1493:1501 arg1 scheme 1503:1508 a simple synthesis scheme 1484:1508 a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1484:1628 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 5 46 theme Biotemplate 726:736 arg1 hydrogels 738:746 Biotemplate hydrogels 726:746 Biotemplate hydrogels 726:746 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 0 47 theme Palladium 33:41 arg1 Aerogels 53:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels 0:60 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 0:61 Cellulose Nanofiber Biotemplated Palladium Composite Aerogels. 29890763 5 48 theme carbodiimide 827:838 arg1 EDC 855:857 EDC 855:857 EDC 855:857 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 5 48 theme carbodiimide 827:838 arg1 hydrochloride 840:852 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride 793:852 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 793:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 5 49 theme 1-ethyl-3- 793:802 arg1 carbodiimide 827:838 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide 793:838 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 793:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 6 50 theme precursor 977:985 arg1 solutions 1002:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 precursor palladium salt solutions 977:1010 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 1 51 theme applications 116:127 arg1 range 97:101 a wide range 90:101 a wide range of catalytic applications 90:127 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 3 52 theme solvent 404:410 arg1 aggregation 421:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 9 53 theme simple 1486:1491 arg1 scheme 1503:1508 a simple synthesis scheme 1484:1508 a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1484:1628 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 7 54 dep palladium 1273:1281 arg1 phases 1305:1310 hydride phases 1297:1310 hydride phases 1297:1310 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 2 55 theme pore 211:214 arg1 size 216:219 pore size 211:219 pore size 211:219 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 2 56 theme device 330:335 arg1 applications 337:348 device applications 330:348 device applications 330:348 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 1 57 theme Noble 63:67 arg1 aerogels 75:82 Noble metal aerogels 63:82 Noble metal aerogels 63:82 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 7 58 theme three-dimensional 1199:1215 arg1 structures 1226:1235 three-dimensional nanowire structures 1199:1235 three-dimensional nanowire structures 1199:1235 Scanning electron microscopy indicated three-dimensional nanowire structures, and X-ray diffractometry confirmed palladium and palladium hydride phases. 29890763 4 59 theme aerogel 682:688 arg1 shape 690:694 aerogel shape 682:694 aerogel shape 682:694 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 4 60 theme carboxymethyl 603:615 arg1 CNF 638:640 CNF 638:640 CNF 638:640 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 4 60 theme carboxymethyl 603:615 arg1 nanofiber 627:635 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber 603:635 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity 603:723 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 2 61 theme monolith 195:202 arg1 shape 204:208 monolith shape 195:208 monolith shape 195:208 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 8 62 theme surface 1413:1419 arg1 area 1421:1424 aerogel surface area 1405:1424 aerogel surface area 1405:1424 Gas adsorption, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were correlated to determine aerogel surface area. 29890763 1 63 theme surface 147:153 arg1 area 155:158 their high surface area 136:158 their high surface area 136:158 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 8 64 theme Gas 1313:1315 arg1 adsorption 1317:1326 Gas adsorption 1313:1326 Gas adsorption 1313:1326 Gas adsorption, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were correlated to determine aerogel surface area. 29890763 5 65 theme cellulose 908:916 arg1 nanofibers 918:927 carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 890:927 carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers 890:927 Biotemplate hydrogels were formed via covalent cross linking using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) with a diamine linker between carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers. 29890763 8 66 theme cyclic 1357:1362 arg1 voltammetry 1364:1374 cyclic voltammetry 1357:1374 cyclic voltammetry 1357:1374 Gas adsorption, impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were correlated to determine aerogel surface area. 29890763 9 67 theme catalytic 1586:1594 arg1 applications 1617:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 catalytic, sensing, and energy applications 1586:1628 These self-supporting CNF-palladium aerogels demonstrate a simple synthesis scheme to control porosity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical robustness for catalytic, sensing, and energy applications. 29890763 1 68 theme high 142:145 arg1 area 155:158 their high surface area 136:158 their high surface area 136:158 Noble metal aerogels offer a wide range of catalytic applications due to their high surface area and tunable porosity. 29890763 6 69 theme supercritical 1105:1117 arg1 drying 1119:1124 supercritical drying 1105:1124 supercritical drying 1105:1124 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 4 70 theme nanofiber 627:635 arg1 biotemplates 643:654 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates 603:654 carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity 603:723 Here, we present the synthesis of palladium aerogels using carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CNF) biotemplates that provide control over aerogel shape, pore size, and conductivity. 29890763 6 71 theme sodium 1026:1031 arg1 borohydride 1033:1043 sodium borohydride 1026:1043 sodium borohydride 1026:1043 Biotemplate CNF hydrogels were equilibrated in precursor palladium salt solutions, reduced with sodium borohydride, and rinsed with water followed by ethanol dehydration, and supercritical drying to produce freestanding aerogels. 29890763 2 72 theme nanofiber 226:234 arg1 diameter 236:243 nanofiber diameter 226:243 nanofiber diameter 226:243 Control over monolith shape, pore size, and nanofiber diameter is desired in order to optimize electronic conductivity and mechanical integrity for device applications. 29890763 3 73 theme noble 525:529 arg1 salts 537:541 noble metal salts 525:541 noble metal salts 525:541 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 techniques 385:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques 360:394 common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction 360:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 molecules 441:449 linker molecules 434:449 linker molecules 434:449 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 reduction 492:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 carbothermal reduction 479:500 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 sol⁻gel 452:458 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 aggregation 421:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 solvent mediated aggregation 404:431 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 29890763 3 74 theme common 360:365 arg1 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 hydrothermal 461:472 However, common aerogel synthesis techniques such as solvent mediated aggregation, linker molecules, sol⁻gel, hydrothermal, and carbothermal reduction are limited when using noble metal salts. 31426996 2 0 theme in 440:441 arg1 profiles 474:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 3 1 theme starch 583:588 arg1 properties 550:559 the slow gas production properties 526:559 the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch 526:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 1 2 theme specific 223:230 arg1 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 2 theme specific 223:230 arg1 acids 250:254 specific short-chain fatty acids 223:254 specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 223:262 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 3 theme propionate 141:150 arg1 groups 152:157 propionate groups 141:157 propionate groups 141:157 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 4 theme short-chain 232:242 arg1 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 4 theme short-chain 232:242 arg1 acids 250:254 specific short-chain fatty acids 223:254 specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 223:262 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 0 5 theme gut 89:91 arg1 microbiota 93:102 gut microbiota 89:102 gut microbiota 89:102 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 4 6 theme propionyl 820:828 arg1 groups 830:835 introduced propionyl groups 809:835 introduced propionyl groups 809:835 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 6 7 dep design 1046:1051 arg1 the 1042:1044 the 1042:1044 the 1042:1044 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 1 8 theme fatty 244:248 arg1 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 SCFAs 257:261 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 8 theme fatty 244:248 arg1 acids 250:254 specific short-chain fatty acids 223:254 specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) 223:262 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 5 9 theme gut 857:859 arg1 microbiota 861:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 838:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia 838:901 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 2 10 theme fermentation 461:472 arg1 profiles 474:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 2 11 with starches 368:375 arg1 degrees 392:398 different degrees 382:398 different degrees of substitution (DS) 382:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 6 12 theme products 1088:1095 arg1 manufacture 1057:1067 manufacture 1057:1067 manufacture 1057:1067 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 6 12 theme products 1088:1095 arg1 design 1046:1051 design 1046:1051 design 1046:1051 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 3 13 theme Propionylated 484:496 arg1 modification 498:509 Propionylated modification 484:509 Propionylated modification 484:509 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 6 14 theme functional 1072:1081 arg1 products 1088:1095 functional food products 1072:1095 functional food products 1072:1095 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 2 15 theme maize 362:366 arg1 starches 368:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches 335:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS) 335:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 2 16 theme fecal 455:459 arg1 profiles 474:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 4 17 theme groups 830:835 arg1 release 798:804 the release 794:804 the release of introduced propionyl groups 794:835 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 4 18 theme DS 769:770 arg1 value 772:776 DS value 769:776 DS value 769:776 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 2 19 theme high-amylose 349:360 arg1 starches 368:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches 335:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS) 335:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 3 20 theme slow 530:533 arg1 properties 550:559 the slow gas production properties 526:559 the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch 526:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 2 21 theme propionylated 335:347 arg1 starches 368:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches 335:375 propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS) 335:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 0 22 theme In 0:1 arg1 fermentation 15:26 In vitro fecal fermentation 0:26 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose 0:56 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 3 23 theme gas 535:537 arg1 properties 550:559 the slow gas production properties 526:559 the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch 526:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 1 24 theme particular 165:174 arg1 interest 176:183 particular interest 165:183 particular interest 165:183 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 2 25 theme substitution 403:414 arg1 degrees 392:398 different degrees 382:398 different degrees of substitution (DS) 382:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 5 26 theme microbiota 1003:1012 arg1 composition 984:994 the composition 980:994 the composition of gut microbiota 980:1012 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 5 27 theme propionylated 944:956 arg1 starch 958:963 propionylated starch 944:963 propionylated starch 944:963 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 0 28 theme fecal 9:13 arg1 fermentation 15:26 In vitro fecal fermentation 0:26 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose 0:56 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 4 29 theme value 772:776 arg1 increase 757:764 increase 757:764 increase of DS value 757:776 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 0 30 from impact 79:84 arg1 microbiota 93:102 gut microbiota 89:102 gut microbiota 89:102 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 2 31 theme present 306:312 arg1 study 314:318 the present study 302:318 the present study 302:318 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 2 32 theme different 382:390 arg1 degrees 392:398 different degrees 382:398 different degrees of substitution (DS) 382:419 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 0 33 theme propionylated 31:43 arg1 high-amylose 45:56 propionylated high-amylose 31:56 propionylated high-amylose 31:56 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 5 34 theme Certain 838:844 arg1 microbiota 861:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 838:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia 838:901 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 4 35 theme final 636:640 arg1 concentration 642:654 The final concentration 632:654 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation 632:731 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 3 36 theme whole 605:609 arg1 period 624:629 the whole fermentation period 601:629 the whole fermentation period 601:629 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 3 37 theme high-amylose 564:575 arg1 starch 583:588 high-amylose maize starch 564:588 high-amylose maize starch 564:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 5 38 theme beneficial 846:855 arg1 microbiota 861:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota 838:870 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia 838:901 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 2 39 dep in 440:441 arg1 vitro 443:447 vitro 443:447 vitro 443:447 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 0 40 from starch 64:69 arg1 microbiota 93:102 gut microbiota 89:102 gut microbiota 89:102 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 3 41 theme production 539:548 arg1 properties 550:559 the slow gas production properties 526:559 the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch 526:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 6 42 theme colonic 1123:1129 arg1 health 1131:1136 colonic health 1123:1136 colonic health 1123:1136 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 1 43 theme Resistant 105:113 arg1 RS 123:124 RS 123:124 RS 123:124 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 43 theme Resistant 105:113 arg1 starch 115:120 Resistant starch 105:120 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups 105:157 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 0 44 theme high-amylose 45:56 arg1 fermentation 15:26 In vitro fecal fermentation 0:26 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose 0:56 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 6 45 with design 1046:1051 arg1 aim 1106:1108 the aim 1102:1108 the aim of improving colonic health 1102:1136 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 3 46 theme fermentation 611:622 arg1 period 624:629 the whole fermentation period 601:629 the whole fermentation period 601:629 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 4 47 theme introduced 809:818 arg1 groups 830:835 introduced propionyl groups 809:835 introduced propionyl groups 809:835 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 1 48 from interest 176:183 arg1 terms 188:192 terms 188:192 terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits 188:296 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 1 49 theme health 282:287 arg1 benefits 289:296 health benefits 282:296 health benefits 282:296 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 4 50 theme starch 713:718 arg1 fermentation 720:731 propionylated starch fermentation 699:731 propionylated starch fermentation 699:731 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 6 51 with manufacture 1057:1067 arg1 aim 1106:1108 the aim 1102:1108 the aim of improving colonic health 1102:1136 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 5 52 theme gut 999:1001 arg1 microbiota 1003:1012 gut microbiota 999:1012 gut microbiota 999:1012 Certain beneficial gut microbiota such as Roseburia, and Blautia were obviously promoted, suggesting that propionylated starch could regulate the composition of gut microbiota. 31426996 4 53 theme propionylated 699:711 arg1 fermentation 720:731 propionylated starch fermentation 699:731 propionylated starch fermentation 699:731 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31426996 1 54 theme capacity 203:210 arg1 terms 188:192 terms 188:192 terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits 188:296 Resistant starch (RS) acylated with propionate groups is of particular interest in terms of their capacity to deliver specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon with health benefits. 31426996 2 55 theme human 449:453 arg1 profiles 474:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles 436:481 In the present study, we fabricated propionylated high-amylose maize starches with different degrees of substitution (DS), and monitored the in vitro human fecal fermentation profiles. 31426996 3 56 theme maize 577:581 arg1 starch 583:588 high-amylose maize starch 564:588 high-amylose maize starch 564:588 Propionylated modification did not change the slow gas production properties of high-amylose maize starch throughout the whole fermentation period. 31426996 6 57 theme food 1083:1086 arg1 products 1088:1095 functional food products 1072:1095 functional food products 1072:1095 The results may facilitate the design and manufacture of functional food products with the aim of improving colonic health. 31426996 0 58 dep In 0:1 arg1 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 In vitro fecal fermentation of propionylated high-amylose maize starch and its impact on gut microbiota. 31426996 4 59 theme propionate 659:668 arg1 concentration 642:654 The final concentration 632:654 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation 632:731 The final concentration of propionate (13.68-21.10 mM) produced by propionylated starch fermentation enhanced gradually with increase of DS value, resulting from the release of introduced propionyl groups. 31047082 1 0 theme cellulosic 168:177 arg1 composite 179:187 semiconducting cellulosic composite 153:187 semiconducting cellulosic composite 153:187 Biodegradable, antimicrobial, and semiconducting cellulosic composite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of cellulose. 31047082 4 1 theme infrared 557:564 arg1 FT-IR 580:584 FT-IR 580:584 FT-IR 580:584 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 4 1 theme infrared 557:564 arg1 spectroscopy 566:577 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 539:577 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 539:585 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 7 2 theme prepared 904:911 arg1 nanocomposite 929:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite 900:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite 900:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite exhibits highly efficient biodegradability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31047082 4 3 theme energy-dispersive 627:643 arg1 EDX 652:654 EDX 652:654 EDX 652:654 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 4 3 theme energy-dispersive 627:643 arg1 X-ray 645:649 energy-dispersive X-ray 627:649 energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) 627:655 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 5 4 theme dielectric 687:696 arg1 constant 698:705 dielectric constant 687:705 dielectric constant 687:705 In addition, their magnetic, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and conductivity behaviors were studied. 31047082 2 5 theme composite 380:388 arg1 property 399:406 this composite magnetic property 375:406 this composite magnetic property 375:406 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 3 6 with method 446:451 arg1 particles 466:474 average particles 458:474 average particles size less than 50 nm 458:495 The CFO-NPs were prepared by sol-gel method with average particles size less than 50 nm. 31047082 0 7 theme novel 2:6 arg1 nanocomposite 38:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite 0:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt 0:94 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. 31047082 4 8 theme electron 597:604 arg1 SEM 618:620 SEM 618:620 SEM 618:620 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 4 8 theme electron 597:604 arg1 microscopy 606:615 scanning electron microscopy 588:615 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 588:621 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 8 9 theme antimicrobial 1084:1096 arg1 activity 1098:1105 The antimicrobial activity 1080:1105 The antimicrobial activity 1080:1105 The antimicrobial activity increased with increasing CFO-NPs while the biodegradability decreased. 31047082 6 10 dep 3.7 emu/g 822:830 arg1 up 816:817 up 816:817 up 816:817 The magnetization (Ms) and conductivity increased up to 3.7 emu/g and 3.5 × 10-3 S/cm, respectively, with increasing CFO-NPs content. 31047082 3 11 theme average 458:464 arg1 particles 466:474 average particles 458:474 average particles size less than 50 nm 458:495 The CFO-NPs were prepared by sol-gel method with average particles size less than 50 nm. 31047082 0 12 theme biodegradable 24:36 arg1 nanocomposite 38:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite 0:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt 0:94 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. 31047082 4 13 theme scanning 588:595 arg1 SEM 618:620 SEM 618:620 SEM 618:620 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 4 13 theme scanning 588:595 arg1 microscopy 606:615 scanning electron microscopy 588:615 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 588:621 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 7 14 theme antimicrobial 990:1002 arg1 activity 1004:1011 antimicrobial activity 990:1011 antimicrobial activity 990:1011 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite exhibits highly efficient biodegradability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31047082 0 15 theme electromagnetic 8:22 arg1 nanocomposite 38:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite 0:50 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt 0:94 A novel electromagnetic biodegradable nanocomposite based on cellulose, polyaniline, and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. 31047082 3 16 theme sol-gel 438:444 arg1 method 446:451 sol-gel method 438:451 sol-gel method with average particles size less than 50 nm 438:495 The CFO-NPs were prepared by sol-gel method with average particles size less than 50 nm. 31047082 5 17 theme conductivity 729:740 arg1 behaviors 742:750 conductivity behaviors 729:750 conductivity behaviors 729:750 In addition, their magnetic, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and conductivity behaviors were studied. 31047082 1 18 theme polyaniline 234:244 arg1 polymerization 216:229 in-situ polymerization 208:229 in-situ polymerization of polyaniline 208:244 Biodegradable, antimicrobial, and semiconducting cellulosic composite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of cellulose. 31047082 1 19 theme in-situ 208:214 arg1 polymerization 216:229 in-situ polymerization 208:229 in-situ polymerization of polyaniline 208:244 Biodegradable, antimicrobial, and semiconducting cellulosic composite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of cellulose. 31047082 3 20 theme less 481:484 arg1 particles 466:474 average particles 458:474 average particles size less than 50 nm 458:495 The CFO-NPs were prepared by sol-gel method with average particles size less than 50 nm. 31047082 6 21 theme CFO-NPs 883:889 arg1 content 891:897 CFO-NPs content 883:897 CFO-NPs content 883:897 The magnetization (Ms) and conductivity increased up to 3.7 emu/g and 3.5 × 10-3 S/cm, respectively, with increasing CFO-NPs content. 31047082 1 22 theme semiconducting 153:166 arg1 composite 179:187 semiconducting cellulosic composite 153:187 semiconducting cellulosic composite 153:187 Biodegradable, antimicrobial, and semiconducting cellulosic composite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of cellulose. 31047082 7 23 theme efficient 959:967 arg1 biodegradability 969:984 highly efficient biodegradability 952:984 highly efficient biodegradability 952:984 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite exhibits highly efficient biodegradability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31047082 5 24 theme dielectric 708:717 arg1 loss 719:722 dielectric loss 708:722 dielectric loss 708:722 In addition, their magnetic, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and conductivity behaviors were studied. 31047082 2 25 theme ferrite 287:293 arg1 CFO-NPs 310:316 CFO-NPs 310:316 CFO-NPs 310:316 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 2 25 theme ferrite 287:293 arg1 nanoparticles 295:307 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles 276:307 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) 276:317 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 2 26 theme cobalt 280:285 arg1 CFO-NPs 310:316 CFO-NPs 310:316 CFO-NPs 310:316 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 2 26 theme cobalt 280:285 arg1 nanoparticles 295:307 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles 276:307 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) 276:317 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 2 27 theme polymerization 341:354 arg1 process 356:362 the polymerization process 337:362 the polymerization process 337:362 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 7 28 theme Candida 1062:1068 arg1 albicans 1070:1077 Candida albicans 1062:1077 Candida albicans 1062:1077 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite exhibits highly efficient biodegradability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31047082 4 29 theme Fourier-transform 539:555 arg1 FT-IR 580:584 FT-IR 580:584 FT-IR 580:584 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 4 29 theme Fourier-transform 539:555 arg1 spectroscopy 566:577 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 539:577 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 539:585 The nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). 31047082 2 30 theme magnetic 390:397 arg1 property 399:406 this composite magnetic property 375:406 this composite magnetic property 375:406 The cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO-NPs) were added during the polymerization process to acquire this composite magnetic property. 31047082 7 31 theme electromagnetic 913:927 arg1 nanocomposite 929:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite 900:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite 900:941 The prepared electromagnetic nanocomposite exhibits highly efficient biodegradability and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31047082 1 32 theme cellulose 265:273 arg1 presence 253:260 the presence 249:260 the presence of cellulose 249:273 Biodegradable, antimicrobial, and semiconducting cellulosic composite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of cellulose. 30242233 8 0 from β-diversity 1778:1788 arg1 mice 1826:1829 HFD mice 1822:1829 HFD mice 1822:1829 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 8 1 theme microorganisms 1893:1906 arg1 abundances 1847:1856 the abundances 1843:1856 the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) 1843:1937 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 3 2 with association 638:648 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 9 3 theme fat 2189:2191 arg1 mass 2193:2196 fat mass 2189:2196 fat mass 2189:2196 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 5 4 from markers 1024:1030 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 3 5 theme flour 508:512 arg1 effects 490:496 the functional effects 475:496 the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control 475:536 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 5 6 theme mice 1082:1085 arg1 accumulation 971:982 fat accumulation 967:982 fat accumulation 967:982 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 5 6 theme mice 1082:1085 arg1 microbiota 1064:1073 the gut microbiota 1056:1073 the gut microbiota of the mice 1056:1085 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 5 6 theme mice 1082:1085 arg1 markers 1024:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 5 6 theme mice 1082:1085 arg1 inflammation 985:996 inflammation 985:996 inflammation 985:996 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 5 6 theme mice 1082:1085 arg1 weight 959:964 Body weight 954:964 Body weight 954:964 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 7 7 theme genes 1570:1574 arg1 expression 1538:1547 the expression 1534:1547 the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1534:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 6 8 theme serum 1269:1273 arg1 LPS 1371:1373 LPS 1371:1373 LPS 1371:1373 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 8 theme serum 1269:1273 arg1 TC 1275:1276 the serum TC 1265:1276 the serum TC 1265:1276 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 9 theme IL-6 1341:1344 arg1 levels 1376:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels 1265:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice 1265:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 4 10 theme high-fat-diet 781:793 arg1 HFD 796:798 HFD 796:798 HFD 796:798 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 10 theme high-fat-diet 781:793 arg1 n = 10 808:813 n = 10 808:813 n = 10 808:813 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 10 theme high-fat-diet 781:793 arg1 group 801:805 high-fat-diet (HFD) group 781:805 high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10) 781:814 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 7 11 theme energy 1552:1557 arg1 genes 1570:1574 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 1552:1590 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 11 theme energy 1552:1557 arg1 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 11 theme energy 1552:1557 arg1 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 8 12 theme intestinal 1946:1955 arg1 microflora 1957:1966 the intestinal microflora 1942:1966 the intestinal microflora of HFD mice 1942:1978 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 3 13 with metabolism 576:585 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 7 14 theme intestinal 1434:1443 arg1 mucosa 1445:1450 intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 1434:1497 mucosa 1445:1450 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 4 15 theme KF 821:822 arg1 n = 10 844:849 n = 10 844:849 n = 10 844:849 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 15 theme KF 821:822 arg1 group 837:841 KF intervention group 821:841 KF intervention group (n = 10) 821:850 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 3 16 theme flora 681:685 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 17 dep improving 552:560 arg1 respect 541:547 respect 541:547 respect 541:547 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 9 18 theme genes 2347:2351 arg1 expression 2319:2328 the expression 2315:2328 the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01) 2315:2362 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 6 19 theme leptin 1279:1284 arg1 levels 1376:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels 1265:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice 1265:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 8 20 theme mice 1975:1978 arg1 microflora 1957:1966 the intestinal microflora 1942:1966 the intestinal microflora of HFD mice 1942:1978 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 5 21 theme Body 954:957 arg1 weight 959:964 Body weight 954:964 Body weight 954:964 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 6 22 from gains 1188:1192 arg1 weight 1197:1202 weight 1197:1202 weight 1197:1202 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 22 from gains 1188:1192 arg1 mass 1209:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 22 from gains 1188:1192 arg1 size 1236:1239 adipocyte size 1226:1239 adipocyte size of HFD mice 1226:1251 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 8 23 dep microorganisms 1893:1906 arg1 such 1909:1912 such 1909:1912 such 1909:1912 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 6 24 from levels 1376:1381 arg1 mice 1390:1393 HFD mice 1386:1393 HFD mice 1386:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 4 25 dep followed 853:860 arg1 feeding 865:871 feeding 865:871 feeding for 12 weeks 865:884 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 25 dep followed 853:860 arg1 adding 895:900 adding 895:900 adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group 895:951 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 9 26 theme serum 2199:2203 arg1 TC 2205:2206 serum TC 2199:2206 serum TC 2199:2206 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 1 27 theme intestinal 117:126 arg1 flora 128:132 the intestinal flora 113:132 the intestinal flora 113:132 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 8 28 theme harmful 2004:2010 arg1 microorganisms 2012:2025 harmful microorganisms 2004:2025 harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii) 2004:2120 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 6 29 theme adipocyte 1226:1234 arg1 size 1236:1239 adipocyte size 1226:1239 adipocyte size of HFD mice 1226:1251 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 1 30 theme salutary 301:308 arg1 effects 310:316 salutary effects 301:316 salutary effects 301:316 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 11 31 theme intestinal 2652:2661 arg1 structure 2675:2683 intestinal microfloral structure 2652:2683 intestinal microfloral structure 2652:2683 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 7 32 from tissues 1649:1655 arg1 expression 1538:1547 the expression 1534:1547 the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1534:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 5 33 theme experiment 1119:1128 arg1 end 1108:1110 the end 1104:1110 the end of the experiment 1104:1128 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 0 34 theme gut 75:77 arg1 microbiota 79:88 the gut microbiota 71:88 the gut microbiota 71:88 Konjaku flour reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. 30242233 7 35 theme gene 1697:1700 arg1 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 35 theme gene 1697:1700 arg1 PPARγ 1702:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ 1683:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05) 1683:1717 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 36 theme junction 1485:1492 arg1 ZO-1 1494:1497 tight junction ZO-1 1479:1497 tight junction ZO-1 1479:1497 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 11 37 theme favorable 2521:2529 arg1 effects 2531:2537 favorable effects 2521:2537 favorable effects on treating obesity 2521:2557 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 6 38 theme fat 1205:1207 arg1 mass 1209:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 1 39 theme host 345:348 arg1 metabolism 331:340 energetic metabolism 321:340 energetic metabolism of host 321:348 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 40 theme fat 1683:1685 arg1 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 40 theme fat 1683:1685 arg1 PPARγ 1702:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ 1683:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05) 1683:1717 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 8 41 theme microflora 1808:1817 arg1 β-diversity 1778:1788 the β-diversity 1774:1788 the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice 1774:1829 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 2 42 theme flora 420:424 arg1 composition 394:404 the composition 390:404 the composition of intestinal flora 390:424 Dietary fiber has been known to affect the composition of intestinal flora. 30242233 3 43 theme functional 479:488 arg1 effects 490:496 the functional effects 475:496 the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control 475:536 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 0 44 theme Konjaku 0:6 arg1 flour 8:12 Konjaku flour 0:12 Konjaku flour 0:12 Konjaku flour reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. 30242233 9 45 theme LPS 2228:2230 arg1 contents 2232:2239 LPS contents 2228:2239 LPS contents 2228:2239 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 1 46 from Changes 102:108 arg1 flora 128:132 the intestinal flora 113:132 the intestinal flora 113:132 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 47 theme gene 1460:1463 arg1 Intection 1465:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 8 48 theme HFD 1822:1824 arg1 mice 1826:1829 HFD mice 1822:1829 HFD mice 1822:1829 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 4 49 theme daily 907:911 arg1 supplementation 913:927 a KF daily supplementation 902:927 a KF daily supplementation 902:927 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 1 50 theme BACKGROUND 91:100 arg1 Changes 102:108 BACKGROUND Changes 91:108 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition 91:144 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 51 theme mucosa 1445:1450 arg1 expression 1420:1429 the expression 1416:1429 the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 1416:1497 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 11 52 theme intestinal 2609:2618 arg1 function 2628:2635 intestinal barrier function 2609:2635 intestinal barrier function 2609:2635 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 3 53 theme intestinal 592:601 arg1 function 611:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 4 54 theme control 757:763 arg1 n = 10 772:777 n = 10 772:777 n = 10 772:777 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 54 theme control 757:763 arg1 group 765:769 control group 757:769 control group (n = 10) 757:778 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 6 55 theme mice 1248:1251 arg1 weight 1197:1202 weight 1197:1202 weight 1197:1202 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 55 theme mice 1248:1251 arg1 mass 1209:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 fat mass 1205:1212 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 55 theme mice 1248:1251 arg1 size 1236:1239 adipocyte size 1226:1239 adipocyte size of HFD mice 1226:1251 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 1 56 theme intestinal 275:284 arg1 flora 286:290 intestinal flora 275:290 intestinal flora 275:290 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 57 theme metabolism 1611:1620 arg1 HLS 1627:1629 the fat metabolism gene HLS 1603:1629 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 5 58 theme metabolism 1013:1022 arg1 markers 1024:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 3 59 theme study 450:454 arg1 aim 431:433 The aim 427:433 The aim of the present study 427:454 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 9 60 theme gene 2258:2261 arg1 expression 2263:2272 PPARγ gene expression 2252:2272 PPARγ gene expression 2252:2272 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 7 61 from expression 1538:1547 arg1 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 61 from expression 1538:1547 arg1 tissues 1649:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 6 62 theme thiobarbituric 1293:1306 arg1 TBARS 1333:1337 TBARS 1333:1337 TBARS 1333:1337 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 62 theme thiobarbituric 1293:1306 arg1 substance 1322:1330 thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance 1293:1330 thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS) 1293:1338 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 1 63 theme obesity 195:201 arg1 development 203:213 obesity development 195:213 obesity development 195:213 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 9 64 theme Alistipes 2140:2148 arg1 abundance 2127:2135 The abundance 2123:2135 The abundance of Alistipes 2123:2148 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 8 65 theme obesity-related 1866:1880 arg1 microorganisms 1893:1906 some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms 1861:1906 some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) 1861:1937 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 11 66 with Supplementation 2488:2502 arg1 KF 2509:2510 KF 2509:2510 KF 2509:2510 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 6 67 theme HFD 1244:1246 arg1 mice 1248:1251 HFD mice 1244:1251 HFD mice 1244:1251 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 8 68 dep Parabacteroides 2093:2107 arg1 goldsteinii 2109:2119 Parabacteroides goldsteinii 2093:2119 Parabacteroides goldsteinii 2093:2119 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 7 69 from genes 1570:1574 arg1 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 69 from genes 1570:1574 arg1 tissues 1649:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 6 70 theme KF 1143:1144 arg1 supplementation 1146:1160 The KF supplementation 1139:1160 The KF supplementation 1139:1160 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 11 71 theme barrier 2620:2626 arg1 function 2628:2635 intestinal barrier function 2609:2635 intestinal barrier function 2609:2635 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 4 72 theme treatment 937:945 arg1 group 947:951 the treatment group 933:951 the treatment group 933:951 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 3 73 theme possible 629:636 arg1 association 638:648 the possible association 625:648 the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes 625:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 74 theme konjac 501:506 arg1 KF 515:516 KF 515:516 KF 515:516 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 74 theme konjac 501:506 arg1 flour 508:512 konjac flour 501:512 konjac flour (KF) 501:517 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 1 75 theme potential 236:244 arg1 roles 246:250 the potential roles 232:250 the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora 232:290 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 76 theme metabolism 1559:1568 arg1 genes 1570:1574 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 1552:1590 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 76 theme metabolism 1559:1568 arg1 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 76 theme metabolism 1559:1568 arg1 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 3 77 theme intestinal 670:679 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 78 with function 611:618 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 79 theme effects 657:663 arg1 association 638:648 the possible association 625:648 the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes 625:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 79 theme effects 657:663 arg1 function 611:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 79 theme effects 657:663 arg1 metabolism 576:585 metabolism 576:585 metabolism 576:585 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 79 theme effects 657:663 arg1 inflammation 562:573 inflammation 562:573 inflammation 562:573 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 8 80 theme intestinal 1797:1806 arg1 microflora 1808:1817 the intestinal microflora 1793:1817 the intestinal microflora 1793:1817 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 9 81 theme CPT-1 2333:2337 arg1 expression 2319:2328 the expression 2315:2328 the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01) 2315:2362 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 9 82 theme HLS 2343:2345 arg1 p < 0.01 2354:2361 p < 0.01 2354:2361 p < 0.01 2354:2361 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 9 82 theme HLS 2343:2345 arg1 genes 2347:2351 HLS genes 2343:2351 HLS genes (p < 0.01) 2343:2362 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 3 83 theme composition 687:697 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 5 84 from microbiota 1064:1073 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 6 85 theme substance 1322:1330 arg1 levels 1376:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels 1265:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice 1265:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 4 86 theme intervention 824:835 arg1 n = 10 844:849 n = 10 844:849 n = 10 844:849 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 86 theme intervention 824:835 arg1 group 837:841 KF intervention group 821:841 KF intervention group (n = 10) 821:850 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 8 87 theme HFD 1971:1973 arg1 mice 1975:1978 HFD mice 1971:1978 HFD mice 1971:1978 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 3 88 theme obesity 522:528 arg1 control 530:536 obesity control 522:536 obesity control 522:536 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 6 89 theme HFD 1386:1388 arg1 mice 1390:1393 HFD mice 1386:1393 HFD mice 1386:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 1 90 theme Changes 102:108 arg1 dysbiosis 164:172 dysbiosis 164:172 dysbiosis 164:172 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 1 90 theme Changes 102:108 arg1 composition 134:144 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition 91:144 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition 91:144 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 5 91 theme energetic 1003:1011 arg1 markers 1024:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 energetic metabolism markers 1003:1030 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 10 92 theme Aerococcaceae 2406:2418 arg1 abundance 2393:2401 the abundance 2389:2401 the abundance of Aerococcaceae 2389:2418 KF remarkably increased the abundance of Aerococcaceae, while reduced that of Alistipes finegoldii (p < 0.01). 30242233 8 93 dep microorganisms 2012:2025 arg1 such 2028:2031 such 2028:2031 such 2028:2031 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 7 94 from HLS 1627:1629 arg1 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 livers 1634:1639 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 94 from HLS 1627:1629 arg1 tissues 1649:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 8 95 dep α-diversity 1751:1761 arg1 change 1767:1772 change 1767:1772 change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice 1767:1829 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 8 95 dep α-diversity 1751:1761 arg1 boosted 1835:1841 boosted 1835:1841 boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice 1835:1978 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 7 96 dep mucosa 1445:1450 arg1 Intection 1465:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 97 from livers 1634:1639 arg1 expression 1538:1547 the expression 1534:1547 the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1534:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 0 98 from obesity 22:28 arg1 mice 33:36 mice 33:36 mice 33:36 Konjaku flour reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. 30242233 3 99 from effects 490:496 arg1 control 530:536 obesity control 522:536 obesity control 522:536 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 5 100 from weight 959:964 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 3 101 with inflammation 562:573 arg1 changes 699:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 intestinal flora composition changes 670:705 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 6 102 theme lipopolysaccharide 1351:1368 arg1 levels 1376:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels 1265:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice 1265:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 0 103 theme microbiota 79:88 arg1 composition 56:66 the composition 52:66 the composition of the gut microbiota 52:88 Konjaku flour reduces obesity in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota. 30242233 1 104 theme energetic 321:329 arg1 metabolism 331:340 energetic metabolism 321:340 energetic metabolism of host 321:348 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 7 105 theme synthesis 1687:1695 arg1 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 p < 0.05 1709:1716 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 105 theme synthesis 1687:1695 arg1 PPARγ 1702:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ 1683:1706 fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05) 1683:1717 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 106 theme HFD 1502:1504 arg1 mice 1506:1509 HFD mice 1502:1509 HFD mice 1502:1509 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 4 107 theme METHODS 708:714 arg1 Mice 716:719 METHODS Mice 708:719 METHODS Mice (n = 30) 708:728 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 4 107 theme METHODS 708:714 arg1 n = 30 722:727 n = 30 722:727 n = 30 722:727 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 5 108 theme fat 967:969 arg1 accumulation 971:982 fat accumulation 967:982 fat accumulation 967:982 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 8 109 theme KF 1724:1725 arg1 treatment 1727:1735 The KF treatment 1720:1735 The KF treatment 1720:1735 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 7 110 theme ZO-1 1494:1497 arg1 expression 1420:1429 the expression 1416:1429 the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 1416:1497 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 5 111 from accumulation 971:982 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 11 112 theme microfloral 2663:2673 arg1 structure 2675:2683 intestinal microfloral structure 2652:2683 intestinal microfloral structure 2652:2683 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 7 113 theme tight 1479:1483 arg1 ZO-1 1494:1497 tight junction ZO-1 1479:1497 tight junction ZO-1 1479:1497 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 2 114 theme intestinal 409:418 arg1 flora 420:424 intestinal flora 409:424 intestinal flora 409:424 Dietary fiber has been known to affect the composition of intestinal flora. 30242233 11 115 theme inflammatory 2570:2581 arg1 response 2583:2590 inflammatory response 2570:2590 inflammatory response 2570:2590 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 2 116 theme Dietary 351:357 arg1 fiber 359:363 Dietary fiber 351:363 Dietary fiber 351:363 Dietary fiber has been known to affect the composition of intestinal flora. 30242233 1 117 theme nutrients 255:263 arg1 roles 246:250 the potential roles 232:250 the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora 232:290 BACKGROUND Changes in the intestinal flora composition is referred to as dysbiosis, which is related to obesity development, thus supporting the potential roles of nutrients acting on intestinal flora to exert salutary effects on energetic metabolism of host. 30242233 4 118 theme KF 904:905 arg1 supplementation 913:927 a KF daily supplementation 902:927 a KF daily supplementation 902:927 METHODS Mice (n = 30) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), high-fat-diet (HFD) group (n = 10), and KF intervention group (n = 10), followed by feeding for 12 weeks and with adding a KF daily supplementation for the treatment group. 30242233 5 119 theme gut 1060:1062 arg1 microbiota 1064:1073 the gut microbiota 1056:1073 the gut microbiota of the mice 1056:1085 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 7 120 theme fat 1645:1647 arg1 tissues 1649:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 fat tissues 1645:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 121 theme protein 1452:1458 arg1 Intection 1465:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 protein gene Intection 1452:1473 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 11 122 theme CONCLUSIONS 2476:2486 arg1 Supplementation 2488:2502 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation 2476:2502 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF 2476:2510 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 8 123 dep Megasphaera 1917:1927 arg1 elsdenii 1929:1936 Megasphaera elsdenii 1917:1936 Megasphaera elsdenii 1917:1936 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 5 124 from inflammation 985:996 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 9 125 theme PPARγ 2252:2256 arg1 expression 2263:2272 PPARγ gene expression 2252:2272 PPARγ gene expression 2252:2272 The abundance of Alistipes was positively correlated with weight, fat mass, serum TC, TG, LEP, IL-6, and LPS contents as well as PPARγ gene expression; while notably and negatively related to the expression of CPT-1 and HLS genes (p < 0.01). 30242233 7 126 theme gene 1622:1625 arg1 HLS 1627:1629 the fat metabolism gene HLS 1603:1629 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 11 127 theme HFD-fed 2688:2694 arg1 mice 2696:2699 HFD-fed mice 2688:2699 HFD-fed mice 2688:2699 CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with KF achieves favorable effects on treating obesity, improving inflammatory response, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, by regulating intestinal microfloral structure in HFD-fed mice. 30242233 6 128 theme acid-reacting 1308:1320 arg1 TBARS 1333:1337 TBARS 1333:1337 TBARS 1333:1337 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 6 128 theme acid-reacting 1308:1320 arg1 substance 1322:1330 thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance 1293:1330 thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS) 1293:1338 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30242233 5 129 theme multiple 1035:1042 arg1 tissues 1044:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 multiple tissues 1035:1050 Body weight, fat accumulation, inflammation, and energetic metabolism markers in multiple tissues and the gut microbiota of the mice were examined at the end of the experiment. 30242233 7 130 theme HLS 1627:1629 arg1 expression 1538:1547 the expression 1534:1547 the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1534:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 131 theme fat 1607:1609 arg1 HLS 1627:1629 the fat metabolism gene HLS 1603:1629 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 8 132 theme beneficial 1882:1891 arg1 microorganisms 1893:1906 some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms 1861:1906 some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) 1861:1937 The KF treatment increases the α-diversity and change the β-diversity of the intestinal microflora in HFD mice and boosted the abundances of some obesity-related beneficial microorganisms (such as Megasphaera elsdenii) in the intestinal microflora of HFD mice, while reduced those of harmful microorganisms (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii). 30242233 7 133 dep genes 1570:1574 arg1 genes 1570:1574 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 1552:1590 energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues 1552:1655 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 133 dep genes 1570:1574 arg1 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 CPT-1 1586:1590 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 7 133 dep genes 1570:1574 arg1 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 PPARα 1576:1580 KF also upregulated the expression of intestinal mucosa protein gene Intection and tight junction ZO-1 in HFD mice, as well as upregulate the expression of energy metabolism genes PPARα and CPT-1 as well as the fat metabolism gene HLS in livers and fat tissues, and downregulate that of fat synthesis gene PPARγ (p < 0.05). 30242233 3 134 theme barrier 603:609 arg1 function 611:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 intestinal barrier function 592:618 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 3 135 theme present 442:448 arg1 study 450:454 the present study 438:454 the present study 438:454 The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional effects of konjac flour (KF) on obesity control in respect to improving inflammation, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function, and the possible association of the effects with intestinal flora composition changes. 30242233 6 136 theme TC 1275:1276 arg1 levels 1376:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels 1265:1381 the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice 1265:1393 RESULTS The KF supplementation significantly reduced the gains in weight, fat mass, as well as adipocyte size of HFD mice and lowered the serum TC, leptin (LEP), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS), IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in HFD mice. 30021135 0 0 theme antimicrobial 90:102 arg1 activity 104:111 their antimicrobial activity 84:111 their antimicrobial activity 84:111 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 4 1 theme at 697:698 arg1 temperatures 700:711 melting at temperatures 689:711 melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C 689:732 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 1 2 theme soaps 191:195 arg1 complexes 132:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 114:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 114:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 4 3 from temperatures 700:711 arg1 at 697:698 melting at temperatures 689:711 melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C 689:732 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 6 4 theme complexes 1022:1030 arg1 activity 1006:1013 a high antimicrobial activity 985:1013 a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive 985:1052 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 3 5 theme polysaccharide 514:527 arg1 arranged 544:551 arranged 544:551 ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 536:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 3 5 theme polysaccharide 514:527 arg1 phases 529:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases 495:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 495:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 5 6 from incubation 790:799 arg1 water 804:808 water 804:808 water 804:808 The complexes decomposed upon incubation in water under physiological conditions, and undergone extensive biodegradation by the action of hyaluronidases. 30021135 2 7 theme stoichiometric 312:325 arg1 composition 327:337 a nearly stoichiometric composition 303:337 a nearly stoichiometric composition 303:337 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 3 8 dep ordered 536:542 arg1 arranged 544:551 arranged 544:551 ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 536:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 3 8 dep ordered 536:542 arg1 phases 529:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases 495:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 495:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 6 9 theme Biocide 914:920 arg1 assays 922:927 Biocide assays 914:927 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media 914:970 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 3 10 with structure 480:488 arg1 arranged 544:551 arranged 544:551 ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 536:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 3 10 with structure 480:488 arg1 phases 529:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases 495:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 495:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 1 11 theme alkyl 202:206 arg1 chains 208:213 alkyl chains 202:213 alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 202:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 5 12 theme physiological 816:828 arg1 conditions 830:839 physiological conditions 816:839 physiological conditions 816:839 The complexes decomposed upon incubation in water under physiological conditions, and undergone extensive biodegradation by the action of hyaluronidases. 30021135 6 13 theme albicans 1114:1121 arg1 fungi 1123:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 0 14 theme ionic 12:16 arg1 complexes 18:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 0:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity 0:111 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 1 15 with complexes 132:140 arg1 chains 208:213 alkyl chains 202:213 alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 202:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 6 16 theme coli 1102:1105 arg1 fungi 1123:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 0 17 theme Amphiphilic 0:10 arg1 complexes 18:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 0:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity 0:111 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 6 18 theme antimicrobial 992:1004 arg1 activity 1006:1013 a high antimicrobial activity 985:1013 a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive 985:1052 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 1 19 theme even 226:229 arg1 numbers 231:237 even numbers 226:237 even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 226:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 5 20 theme extensive 856:864 arg1 biodegradation 866:879 extensive biodegradation 856:879 extensive biodegradation 856:879 The complexes decomposed upon incubation in water under physiological conditions, and undergone extensive biodegradation by the action of hyaluronidases. 30021135 2 21 contain have 298:301 arg1 stable 371:376 stable 371:376 stable 371:376 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 2 21 contain have 298:301 arg1 complexes 288:296 The complexes 284:296 The complexes 284:296 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 2 21 contain have 298:301 arg2 composition 327:337 a nearly stoichiometric composition 303:337 a nearly stoichiometric composition 303:337 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 2 21 contain have 298:301 arg1 soluble 354:360 soluble 354:360 soluble 354:360 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 1 22 theme Amphiphilic 114:124 arg1 complexes 132:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 114:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 114:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 6 23 theme Gram-negative 1085:1097 arg1 fungi 1123:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi 1085:1127 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 1 24 dep 22 261:262 arg1 to 258:259 to 258:259 to 258:259 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 1 25 theme ionic 126:130 arg1 complexes 132:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 114:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 114:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 3 26 theme biphasic 471:478 arg1 structure 480:488 a biphasic structure 469:488 a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 469:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 0 27 theme acid 42:45 arg1 complexes 18:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 0:26 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity 0:111 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 1 28 contain containing 215:224 arg1 chains 208:213 alkyl chains 202:213 alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 202:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 1 28 contain containing 215:224 arg2 numbers 231:237 even numbers 226:237 even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 226:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 1 29 theme carbons 242:248 arg1 numbers 231:237 even numbers 226:237 even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 226:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 0 30 theme hyaluronic 31:40 arg1 acid 42:45 hyaluronic acid 31:45 hyaluronic acid 31:45 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 0 31 theme organophosphonium 52:68 arg1 compounds 70:78 organophosphonium compounds 52:78 organophosphonium compounds 52:78 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 5 32 theme hyaluronidases 898:911 arg1 action 888:893 the action 884:893 the action of hyaluronidases 884:911 The complexes decomposed upon incubation in water under physiological conditions, and undergone extensive biodegradation by the action of hyaluronidases. 30021135 6 33 theme high 987:990 arg1 activity 1006:1013 a high antimicrobial activity 985:1013 a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive 985:1052 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 0 34 with complexes 18:26 arg1 compounds 70:78 organophosphonium compounds 52:78 organophosphonium compounds 52:78 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 0 34 with complexes 18:26 arg1 activity 104:111 their antimicrobial activity 84:111 their antimicrobial activity 84:111 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid with organophosphonium compounds and their antimicrobial activity. 30021135 3 35 theme paraffinic 499:508 arg1 arranged 544:551 arranged 544:551 ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 536:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 3 35 theme paraffinic 499:508 arg1 phases 529:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases 495:534 the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n 495:612 These complexes are amphiphilic and able to adopt a biphasic structure with the paraffinic and polysaccharide phases ordered arranged with a periodicity ranging between 3 and 5 nm depending on n. 30021135 6 36 theme solid 949:953 arg1 media 966:970 both solid and liquid media 944:970 both solid and liquid media 944:970 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 4 37 theme melting 689:695 arg1 temperatures 700:711 melting at temperatures 689:711 melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C 689:732 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 1 38 theme hyaluronic 145:154 arg1 acid 156:159 hyaluronic acid 145:159 hyaluronic acid 145:159 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 4 39 with complexes 639:647 arg1 n ≥ 18 654:659 n ≥ 18 654:659 n ≥ 18 654:659 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 4 40 theme n 751:751 arg1 value 753:757 the n value 747:757 the n value 747:757 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 1 41 theme acid 156:159 arg1 complexes 132:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes 114:140 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 114:262 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 4 42 from phase 630:634 arg1 complexes 639:647 complexes 639:647 complexes with n ≥ 18 639:659 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30021135 2 43 theme heat 381:384 arg1 up 386:387 heat up 381:387 heat up to temperatures above 200 °C 381:416 The complexes have a nearly stoichiometric composition, are non-water soluble, and are stable to heat up to temperatures above 200 °C. 30021135 1 44 theme alkyltrimethylphosphonium 165:189 arg1 soaps 191:195 alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps 165:195 alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps 165:195 Amphiphilic ionic complexes of hyaluronic acid and alkyltrimethylphosphonium soaps with alkyl chains containing even numbers of carbons from 12 to 22 have been produced. 30021135 6 45 theme liquid 959:964 arg1 media 966:970 both solid and liquid media 944:970 both solid and liquid media 944:970 Biocide assays carried out in both solid and liquid media demonstrated a high antimicrobial activity of the complexes against Gram-positive S. aureus but moderate against Gram-negative E. coli and C. albicans fungi. 30021135 4 46 theme paraffinic 619:628 arg1 phase 630:634 The paraffinic phase 615:634 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 615:659 The paraffinic phase in complexes with n ≥ 18 was crystallized and showed melting at temperatures between 58 and 70 °C depending on the n value. 30550825 6 0 theme resulting 1038:1046 arg1 material 1065:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 7 1 from increase 1186:1193 arg1 strength 1245:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 0 2 theme strong 85:90 arg1 nanofibers 92:101 organo-dispersible strong nanofibers 66:101 organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes 66:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 1 3 theme polymer 341:347 arg1 matrices 349:356 polymer matrices 341:356 polymer matrices 341:356 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 4 4 theme ball-milling 871:882 arg1 method 884:889 a ball-milling method 869:889 a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 869:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 7 5 from increase 1225:1232 arg1 strength 1245:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 1 6 theme sustainable 165:175 arg1 macromolecule 203:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 1 6 theme sustainable 165:175 arg1 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 4 7 theme one-step 782:789 arg1 method 791:796 a one-step method 780:796 a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 780:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 3 8 theme mechanical 576:585 arg1 treatments 587:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 0 9 dep time 118:121 arg1 processes 144:152 consuming processes 134:152 consuming processes 134:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 3 10 theme treatments 587:596 arg1 series 530:535 a series 528:535 a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 528:596 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 11 theme chemical 563:570 arg1 treatments 587:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 1 12 theme biological 192:201 arg1 macromolecule 203:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 1 12 theme biological 192:201 arg1 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 7 13 theme Young 1198:1202 arg1 modulus 1206:1212 Young's modulus 1198:1212 Young's modulus 1198:1212 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 4 14 theme acetylated 848:857 arg1 ChNFs 859:863 organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs 829:863 organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs 829:863 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 6 15 theme chitin 1048:1053 arg1 material 1065:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 1 16 theme functional 181:190 arg1 macromolecule 203:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule 163:215 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 1 16 theme functional 181:190 arg1 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin 155:160 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 7 17 theme % 1184:1184 arg1 increase 1186:1193 a 66% increase 1180:1193 a 66% increase in Young's modulus 1180:1212 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 2 18 with nanofibrilization 420:436 arg1 matrices 459:466 matrices 459:466 matrices 459:466 Improving the performance of ChNFs typically relies on their nanofibrilization and miscibility with matrices. 30550825 7 19 theme 100 1220:1222 arg1 % 1223:1223 % 1223:1223 % 1223:1223 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 2 20 theme ChNFs 388:392 arg1 performance 373:383 the performance 369:383 the performance of ChNFs 369:392 Improving the performance of ChNFs typically relies on their nanofibrilization and miscibility with matrices. 30550825 3 21 theme hydrogen 711:718 arg1 bonds 720:724 hydrogen bonds 711:724 hydrogen bonds 711:724 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 0 22 theme one-step 21:28 arg1 transformation 30:43 one-step transformation 21:43 one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes 21:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 6 23 theme l‑lactic 1093:1100 arg1 poly 1088:1091 poly 1088:1091 poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) 1088:1113 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 6 23 theme l‑lactic 1093:1100 arg1 acid 1102:1105 l‑lactic acid 1093:1105 l‑lactic acid 1093:1105 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 0 24 theme consuming 134:142 arg1 processes 144:152 consuming processes 134:152 consuming processes 134:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 5 25 theme water 985:989 arg1 contaminations 991:1004 water contaminations 985:1004 water contaminations 985:1004 This method minimizes water contaminations and energy for dehydrating. 30550825 3 26 theme chitin 482:487 arg1 biomass 489:495 chitin biomass 482:495 chitin biomass 482:495 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 7 27 theme 66 1182:1183 arg1 % 1184:1184 % 1184:1184 % 1184:1184 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 4 28 theme toxic 925:929 arg1 anhydride 938:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride 910:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 910:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 3 29 dep disintegration 633:646 arg1 2 630:630 2 630:630 2 630:630 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 7 30 theme pristine 1270:1277 arg1 PLLA 1279:1282 the pristine PLLA 1266:1282 the pristine PLLA 1266:1282 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 4 31 theme anhydride 938:946 arg1 presence 898:905 the presence 894:905 the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 894:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 4 32 theme chitin 811:816 arg1 biomass 818:824 chitin biomass 811:824 chitin biomass 811:824 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 0 33 theme biomass 55:61 arg1 transformation 30:43 one-step transformation 21:43 one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes 21:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 1 34 theme reinforcing 304:314 arg1 filler 330:335 a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler 289:335 a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices 289:356 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 8 35 theme observable 1321:1330 arg1 effect 1342:1347 any observable cytotoxic effect 1317:1347 any observable cytotoxic effect 1317:1347 Furthermore, it did not exhibit any observable cytotoxic effect, thus potentially applicable as a biomedical material. 30550825 3 36 theme surface 652:658 arg1 modification 660:671 surface modification 652:671 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds 649:724 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 4 37 theme organo-dispersible 829:846 arg1 ChNFs 859:863 organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs 829:863 organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs 829:863 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 2 38 with miscibility 442:452 arg1 matrices 459:466 matrices 459:466 matrices 459:466 Improving the performance of ChNFs typically relies on their nanofibrilization and miscibility with matrices. 30550825 4 39 from method 884:889 arg1 presence 898:905 the presence 894:905 the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 894:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 0 40 theme chitin 48:53 arg1 biomass 55:61 chitin biomass 48:61 chitin biomass 48:61 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 4 41 theme acetic 931:936 arg1 anhydride 938:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride 910:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 910:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 8 42 theme biomedical 1383:1392 arg1 material 1394:1401 a biomedical material 1381:1401 a biomedical material 1381:1401 Furthermore, it did not exhibit any observable cytotoxic effect, thus potentially applicable as a biomedical material. 30550825 6 43 theme all-bio-based 1126:1138 arg1 nanocomposites 1140:1153 all-bio-based nanocomposites 1126:1153 all-bio-based nanocomposites 1126:1153 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 1 44 theme bioactive 320:328 arg1 filler 330:335 a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler 289:335 a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices 289:356 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 4 45 theme low 921:923 arg1 anhydride 938:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride 910:946 relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water 910:960 This paper presents a one-step method to transform chitin biomass to organo-dispersible acetylated ChNFs via a ball-milling method in the presence of relatively low toxic acetic anhydride without water. 30550825 6 46 theme nanofiber 1055:1063 arg1 material 1065:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material 1034:1072 The resulting chitin nanofiber material is mixed with poly(l‑lactic acid) (PLLA) to produce all-bio-based nanocomposites. 30550825 8 47 theme cytotoxic 1332:1340 arg1 effect 1342:1347 any observable cytotoxic effect 1317:1347 any observable cytotoxic effect 1317:1347 Furthermore, it did not exhibit any observable cytotoxic effect, thus potentially applicable as a biomedical material. 30550825 3 48 dep transform 472:480 arg1 modification 660:671 surface modification 652:671 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds 649:724 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 48 dep transform 472:480 arg1 disintegration 633:646 2) disintegration 630:646 2) disintegration 630:646 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 48 dep transform 472:480 arg1 re-dispersion 745:757 5) re-dispersion 742:757 5) re-dispersion 742:757 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 48 dep transform 472:480 arg1 deacetylation 615:627 1) deacetylation 612:627 1) deacetylation 612:627 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 48 dep transform 472:480 arg1 drying 730:735 4) drying 727:735 4) drying 727:735 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 49 theme organo-dispersible 502:519 arg1 ChNFs 521:525 organo-dispersible ChNFs 502:525 organo-dispersible ChNFs 502:525 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 1 50 theme chitin 240:245 arg1 nanofibers 247:256 chitin nanofibers 240:256 chitin nanofibers (ChNFs) 240:264 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 1 50 theme chitin 240:245 arg1 ChNFs 259:263 ChNFs 259:263 ChNFs 259:263 Chitin, a sustainable and functional biological macromolecule, can be converted into chitin nanofibers (ChNFs), and are applicable as a mechanically reinforcing and bioactive filler for polymer matrices. 30550825 0 51 theme organo-dispersible 66:83 arg1 nanofibers 92:101 organo-dispersible strong nanofibers 66:101 organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes 66:152 A ball milling-based one-step transformation of chitin biomass to organo-dispersible strong nanofibers passing highly time and energy consuming processes. 30550825 7 52 theme tensile 1237:1243 arg1 strength 1245:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 tensile strength 1237:1252 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 3 53 dep deacetylation 615:627 arg1 1 612:612 1 612:612 1 612:612 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 54 dep modification 660:671 arg1 minimize 676:683 minimize 676:683 to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds 673:724 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 54 dep modification 660:671 arg1 3 649:649 3 649:649 3 649:649 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 7 55 theme % 1223:1223 arg1 increase 1225:1232 a 100% increase 1218:1232 a 100% increase in tensile strength 1218:1252 The composite indicated a 66% increase in Young's modulus and a 100% increase in tensile strength compared to the pristine PLLA. 30550825 3 56 dep re-dispersion 745:757 arg1 5 742:742 5 742:742 5 742:742 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 57 theme time-/energy-consuming 540:561 arg1 treatments 587:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments 540:596 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 30550825 3 58 dep drying 730:735 arg1 4 727:727 4 727:727 4 727:727 To transform chitin biomass into organo-dispersible ChNFs, a series of time-/energy-consuming chemical and mechanical treatments are required: 1) deacetylation, 2) disintegration, 3) surface modification to minimize their aggregation through hydrogen bonds, 4) drying, and 5) re-dispersion. 29853099 2 0 theme electron 552:559 arg1 SEM 573:575 SEM 573:575 SEM 573:575 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 2 0 theme electron 552:559 arg1 microscopy 561:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques 543:587 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 1 1 theme slow 153:156 arg1 fertilizer 166:175 new slow release fertilizer 149:175 new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite 149:220 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 2 theme sulfonated-carboxymethyl 270:293 arg1 cellulose 295:303 sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose 270:303 sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) 270:310 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 2 theme sulfonated-carboxymethyl 270:293 arg1 SCMC 306:309 SCMC 306:309 SCMC 306:309 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 5 3 with agreement 945:953 arg1 standard 964:971 standard 964:971 standard 964:971 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 3 4 theme hydrogel 631:638 arg1 network 654:660 hydrogel nanocomposite network 631:660 hydrogel nanocomposite network 631:660 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network was verified by results of these analyses. 29853099 2 5 theme scanning 543:550 arg1 SEM 573:575 SEM 573:575 SEM 573:575 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 2 5 theme scanning 543:550 arg1 microscopy 561:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques 543:587 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 1 6 theme phosphorous 421:431 arg1 presence 342:349 the presence 338:349 the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound 338:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 7 theme release 158:164 arg1 fertilizer 166:175 new slow release fertilizer 149:175 new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite 149:220 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 8 theme cellulose 295:303 arg1 polymerization 252:265 in-situ graft polymerization 238:265 in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) 238:333 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 0 9 theme retention 115:123 arg1 function 97:104 the function 93:104 the function of water retention in soil 93:131 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 1 10 theme polyvinylpyrrolidone 354:373 arg1 presence 342:349 the presence 338:349 the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound 338:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 4 11 theme hydrogel 822:829 arg1 nanocomposite 831:843 the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 809:843 the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 809:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 5 12 theme hydrogel 910:917 arg1 nanocomposite 919:931 the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 895:931 the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 895:931 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 0 13 theme water 109:113 arg1 retention 115:123 water retention 109:123 water retention 109:123 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 5 14 theme excellent 1034:1042 arg1 property 1057:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 4 15 theme prepared 813:820 arg1 nanocomposite 831:843 the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 809:843 the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 809:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 5 16 theme nanocomposite 919:931 arg1 behavior 883:890 The fertilizer release behavior 860:890 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 860:931 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 5 17 theme slow 1044:1047 arg1 property 1057:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 4 18 theme water 779:783 arg1 capability 795:804 water retention capability 779:804 various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 736:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 6 19 theme fertilizer 1135:1144 arg1 formulation 1146:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 6 20 theme good 1073:1076 arg1 characteristics 1078:1092 These good characteristics 1067:1092 These good characteristics 1067:1092 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 5 21 theme release 1049:1055 arg1 property 1057:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 its excellent slow release property 1030:1064 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 4 22 theme swelling 715:722 arg1 behavior 724:731 the swelling behavior 711:731 the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 711:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 0 23 theme NPK 13:15 arg1 fertilizer 17:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer 0:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer 0:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 6 24 theme hydrogel 1112:1119 arg1 formulation 1146:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 3 25 theme nanocomposite 640:652 arg1 network 654:660 hydrogel nanocomposite network 631:660 hydrogel nanocomposite network 631:660 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network was verified by results of these analyses. 29853099 0 26 theme Slow-release 0:11 arg1 fertilizer 17:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer 0:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer 0:26 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 2 27 theme microscopy 561:570 arg1 techniques 578:587 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques 543:587 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques 543:587 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 1 28 theme potassium 442:450 arg1 presence 342:349 the presence 338:349 the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound 338:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 5 29 theme European 989:996 arg1 CEN 1013:1015 CEN 1013:1015 CEN 1013:1015 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 5 29 theme European 989:996 arg1 Normalization 998:1010 European Normalization 989:1010 European Normalization (CEN) 989:1016 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 1 30 theme nanoparticles 389:401 arg1 presence 342:349 the presence 338:349 the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound 338:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 31 dep polyvinylpyrrolidone 354:373 arg1 compound 473:480 fertilizer compound 462:480 fertilizer compound 462:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 4 32 from behavior 724:731 arg1 pH 744:745 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 pH 744:745 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 4 32 from behavior 724:731 arg1 solutions 758:766 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 solutions 758:766 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 4 32 from behavior 724:731 arg1 capability 795:804 water retention capability 779:804 various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 736:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 1 33 theme acrylic 317:323 arg1 AA 331:332 AA 331:332 AA 331:332 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 33 theme acrylic 317:323 arg1 acid 325:328 acrylic acid 317:328 acrylic acid (AA) 317:333 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 34 theme silica 382:387 arg1 nanoparticles 389:401 silica nanoparticles 382:401 silica nanoparticles 382:401 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 5 35 theme loaded 903:908 arg1 nanocomposite 919:931 the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 895:931 the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 895:931 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 0 36 theme carboxymethyl 44:56 arg1 nanocomposite 74:86 carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite 44:86 carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil 44:131 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 3 37 theme analyses 695:702 arg1 results 678:684 results 678:684 results of these analyses 678:702 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network was verified by results of these analyses. 29853099 2 38 theme prepared 487:494 arg1 materials 496:504 The prepared materials 483:504 The prepared materials 483:504 The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. 29853099 0 39 from function 97:104 arg1 soil 128:131 soil 128:131 soil 128:131 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 1 40 theme superabsorbent 193:206 arg1 nanocomposite 208:220 superabsorbent nanocomposite 193:220 superabsorbent nanocomposite 193:220 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 4 41 theme saline 751:756 arg1 solutions 758:766 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 solutions 758:766 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 1 42 theme nitrogen 407:414 arg1 presence 342:349 the presence 338:349 the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound 338:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 5 43 theme Committee 976:984 arg1 standard 964:971 standard 964:971 standard 964:971 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 4 44 theme retention 785:793 arg1 capability 795:804 water retention capability 779:804 various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 736:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 0 45 theme cellulose-based 58:72 arg1 nanocomposite 74:86 carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite 44:86 carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil 44:131 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 1 46 with polymerization 252:265 arg1 AA 331:332 AA 331:332 AA 331:332 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 1 46 with polymerization 252:265 arg1 acid 325:328 acrylic acid 317:328 acrylic acid (AA) 317:333 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 4 47 theme nanocomposite 831:843 arg1 pH 744:745 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 pH 744:745 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 4 47 theme nanocomposite 831:843 arg1 solutions 758:766 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 solutions 758:766 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 4 47 theme nanocomposite 831:843 arg1 capability 795:804 water retention capability 779:804 various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite 736:843 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 3 48 theme fertilizer 615:624 arg1 incorporation 594:606 The incorporation 590:606 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network 590:660 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network was verified by results of these analyses. 29853099 6 49 theme agricultural 1185:1196 arg1 applications 1216:1227 agricultural and horticultural applications 1185:1227 agricultural and horticultural applications 1185:1227 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 5 50 theme fertilizer 864:873 arg1 behavior 883:890 The fertilizer release behavior 860:890 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 860:931 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 5 51 theme Normalization 998:1010 arg1 Committee 976:984 Committee 976:984 Committee of European Normalization (CEN) 976:1016 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 4 52 theme various 736:742 arg1 pH 744:745 various pH and saline solutions 736:766 pH 744:745 Also, the swelling behavior in various pH and saline solutions as well as water retention capability of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposite was evaluated. 29853099 6 53 theme horticultural 1202:1214 arg1 applications 1216:1227 agricultural and horticultural applications 1185:1227 agricultural and horticultural applications 1185:1227 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 5 54 theme release 875:881 arg1 behavior 883:890 The fertilizer release behavior 860:890 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite 860:931 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 1 55 theme in-situ 238:244 arg1 polymerization 252:265 in-situ graft polymerization 238:265 in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) 238:333 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 6 56 theme nanocomposite 1121:1133 arg1 formulation 1146:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 0 57 with nanocomposite 74:86 arg1 function 97:104 the function 93:104 the function of water retention in soil 93:131 Slow-release NPK fertilizer encapsulated by carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite with the function of water retention in soil. 29853099 5 58 dep loaded 903:908 arg1 NPK 899:901 NPK 899:901 NPK 899:901 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 6 59 used used 1177:1180 arg2 formulation 1146:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation 1108:1156 These good characteristics revealed that the hydrogel nanocomposite fertilizer formulation can be practically used in agricultural and horticultural applications. 29853099 1 60 theme graft 246:250 arg1 polymerization 252:265 in-situ graft polymerization 238:265 in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) 238:333 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 3 61 theme NPK 611:613 arg1 fertilizer 615:624 NPK fertilizer 611:624 NPK fertilizer 611:624 The incorporation of NPK fertilizer into hydrogel nanocomposite network was verified by results of these analyses. 29853099 1 62 theme fertilizer 462:471 arg1 compound 473:480 fertilizer compound 462:480 fertilizer compound 462:480 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 29853099 5 63 theme good 940:943 arg1 agreement 945:953 good agreement 940:953 good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN) 940:1016 The fertilizer release behavior of the NPK loaded hydrogel nanocomposite was in good agreement with the standard of Committee of European Normalization (CEN), indicating its excellent slow release property. 29853099 1 64 theme new 149:151 arg1 fertilizer 166:175 new slow release fertilizer 149:175 new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite 149:220 In this study, new slow release fertilizer encapsulated by superabsorbent nanocomposite was prepared by in-situ graft polymerization of sulfonated-carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) with acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silica nanoparticles and nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) (NPK) fertilizer compound. 30195547 2 0 theme resulting 483:491 arg1 microparticles 493:506 the resulting microparticles 479:506 the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions 479:558 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 3 1 theme simulated 710:718 arg1 tract 737:741 simulated gastrointestinal tract 710:741 simulated gastrointestinal tract 710:741 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 2 theme kinetic 759:765 arg1 parameters 767:776 the kinetic parameters 755:776 the kinetic parameters of acidification 755:793 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 2 theme kinetic 759:765 arg1 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 6 3 theme ML82 1107:1110 arg1 isolates 1112:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 10 4 theme materials 1613:1621 arg1 combinations 1592:1603 both combinations 1587:1603 both combinations of wall materials 1587:1621 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 3 5 theme refrigerated 685:696 arg1 storage 698:704 refrigerated storage 685:704 refrigerated storage 685:704 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 12 6 theme storage 1870:1876 arg1 temperatures 1878:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 1 7 theme adverse 165:171 arg1 conditions 173:182 adverse conditions 165:182 adverse conditions 165:182 from adverse conditions. 30195547 12 8 theme adverse 1788:1794 arg1 conditions 1796:1805 the adverse conditions 1784:1805 the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1784:1845 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 0 9 theme matrix 101:106 arg1 composition 108:118 matrix composition 101:118 matrix composition 101:118 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 3 10 theme storage 698:704 arg1 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 10 theme storage 698:704 arg1 conditions 743:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 5 11 theme CFU mL-1 1029:1036 arg1 viability 1009:1017 a cell viability 1002:1017 a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1 1002:1036 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 12 12 theme refrigeration 1856:1868 arg1 temperatures 1878:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 8 13 theme Lactobacillus 1428:1440 arg1 spp 1442:1444 encapsulated Lactobacillus spp 1415:1444 encapsulated Lactobacillus spp 1415:1444 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 13 14 theme microparticles 1931:1944 arg1 sizes 1909:1913 the sizes 1905:1913 the sizes of the obtained microparticles 1905:1944 Furthermore, the sizes of the obtained microparticles indicated that the encapsulated materials are suitable for being incorporated into foods without changing their sensory properties. 30195547 7 15 theme unencapsulated 1288:1301 arg1 bacteria 1303:1310 unencapsulated bacteria 1288:1310 unencapsulated bacteria 1288:1310 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 7 16 theme acidic 1265:1270 arg1 conditions 1272:1281 acidic conditions 1265:1281 acidic conditions 1265:1281 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 8 17 theme maximum 1377:1383 arg1 rate 1385:1388 The maximum rate 1373:1388 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 1373:1445 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 4 18 theme WAP 869:871 arg1 material 878:885 the WAP wall material 865:885 the WAP wall material 865:885 The bacteria encapsulated with the WAP wall material were adequately protected. 30195547 7 19 theme tract 1355:1359 arg1 conditions 1361:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 6 20 theme period 1179:1184 arg1 end 1160:1162 the end 1156:1162 the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates 1156:1211 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 12 21 theme simulated 1814:1822 arg1 tract 1841:1845 the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1810:1845 the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1810:1845 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 0 22 theme composition 108:118 arg1 Effects 90:96 Effects 90:96 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 0:158 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 3 23 theme gastrointestinal 720:735 arg1 tract 737:741 simulated gastrointestinal tract 710:741 simulated gastrointestinal tract 710:741 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 8 24 theme milk 1393:1396 arg1 acidification 1398:1410 milk acidification 1393:1410 milk acidification 1393:1410 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 12 25 theme tract 1841:1845 arg1 temperatures 1878:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 refrigeration storage temperatures 1856:1889 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 12 25 theme tract 1841:1845 arg1 conditions 1796:1805 the adverse conditions 1784:1805 the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1784:1845 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 5 26 theme cell 1004:1007 arg1 viability 1009:1017 a cell viability 1002:1017 a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1 1002:1036 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 6 27 theme pentosus 1098:1105 arg1 isolates 1112:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 2 28 theme whey 384:387 arg1 PAP 415:417 PAP 415:417 PAP 415:417 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 28 theme whey 384:387 arg1 permeate-alginate-pectin 389:412 whey permeate-alginate-pectin 384:412 whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) 384:418 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 3 29 theme tract 737:741 arg1 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 29 theme tract 737:741 arg1 conditions 743:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 10 30 theme resulting 1534:1542 arg1 size 1544:1547 The resulting size 1530:1547 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used 1530:1626 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 10 30 theme resulting 1534:1542 arg1 150 μm 1646:1651 150 μm 1646:1651 150 μm 1646:1651 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 5 31 theme >6 1022:1023 arg1 CFU mL-1 1029:1036 >6 log CFU mL-1 1022:1036 >6 log CFU mL-1 1022:1036 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 8 32 theme encapsulated 1415:1426 arg1 spp 1442:1444 encapsulated Lactobacillus spp 1415:1444 encapsulated Lactobacillus spp 1415:1444 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 11 33 dep permeate 1679:1686 arg1 combined 1688:1695 combined 1688:1695 permeate combined with alginate and pectin to adequately encapsulate 1679:1746 The cheese whey and whey permeate combined with alginate and pectin to adequately encapsulate and protect Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 10 34 theme microparticles 1556:1569 arg1 size 1544:1547 The resulting size 1530:1547 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used 1530:1626 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 10 34 theme microparticles 1556:1569 arg1 150 μm 1646:1651 150 μm 1646:1651 150 μm 1646:1651 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 0 35 theme microparticles 31:44 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 0:158 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 5 36 from months 939:944 arg1 4 °C 960:963 4 °C 960:963 4 °C 960:963 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 3 37 theme encapsulation 670:682 arg1 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 37 theme encapsulation 670:682 arg1 conditions 743:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 666:752 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 6 38 theme plantarum 1072:1080 arg1 isolates 1112:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 2 39 theme extrusion 426:434 arg1 process 436:442 an extrusion process 423:442 an extrusion process using vibrational technology 423:471 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 40 with bacteria 212:219 arg1 potential 236:244 probiotic potential 226:244 probiotic potential 226:244 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 13 41 theme sensory 2058:2064 arg1 properties 2066:2075 their sensory properties 2052:2075 their sensory properties 2052:2075 Furthermore, the sizes of the obtained microparticles indicated that the encapsulated materials are suitable for being incorporated into foods without changing their sensory properties. 30195547 3 42 from effect 587:592 arg1 morphology 804:813 the morphology 800:813 the morphology of microparticles 800:831 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 42 from effect 587:592 arg1 viability 637:645 the viability 633:645 the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, 633:794 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 7 43 theme gastrointestinal 1338:1353 arg1 conditions 1361:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 0 44 theme alginate-pectin 15:29 arg1 microparticles 31:44 alginate-pectin microparticles 15:44 alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology 15:87 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 8 45 theme acidification 1398:1410 arg1 rate 1385:1388 The maximum rate 1373:1388 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 1373:1445 The maximum rate of milk acidification by encapsulated Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 0 46 from Effects 90:96 arg1 protection 127:136 the protection 123:136 the protection of Lactobacillus spp 123:157 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 5 47 theme encapsulated 970:981 arg1 bacteria 983:990 the encapsulated bacteria 966:990 the encapsulated bacteria 966:990 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 6 48 theme encapsulated 1056:1067 arg1 isolates 1112:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates 1052:1119 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 11 49 theme cheese 1658:1663 arg1 whey 1665:1668 The cheese whey 1654:1668 The cheese whey 1654:1668 The cheese whey and whey permeate combined with alginate and pectin to adequately encapsulate and protect Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 3 50 theme materials 620:628 arg1 effect 587:592 the effect 583:592 the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles 583:831 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 0 51 theme Lactobacillus 141:153 arg1 spp 155:157 Lactobacillus spp 141:157 Lactobacillus spp 141:157 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 3 52 theme microorganisms 650:663 arg1 morphology 804:813 the morphology 800:813 the morphology of microparticles 800:831 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 52 theme microorganisms 650:663 arg1 viability 637:645 the viability 633:645 the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, 633:794 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 5 53 theme log 1025:1027 arg1 CFU mL-1 1029:1036 >6 log CFU mL-1 1022:1036 >6 log CFU mL-1 1022:1036 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 6 54 theme assayed 1196:1202 arg1 isolates 1204:1211 the assayed isolates 1192:1211 the assayed isolates 1192:1211 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 13 55 theme encapsulated 1965:1976 arg1 suitable 1992:1999 suitable 1992:1999 suitable 1992:1999 Furthermore, the sizes of the obtained microparticles indicated that the encapsulated materials are suitable for being incorporated into foods without changing their sensory properties. 30195547 13 55 theme encapsulated 1965:1976 arg1 materials 1978:1986 the encapsulated materials 1961:1986 the encapsulated materials 1961:1986 Furthermore, the sizes of the obtained microparticles indicated that the encapsulated materials are suitable for being incorporated into foods without changing their sensory properties. 30195547 2 56 theme adverse 541:547 arg1 conditions 549:558 adverse conditions 541:558 adverse conditions 541:558 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 57 theme probiotic 226:234 arg1 potential 236:244 probiotic potential 226:244 probiotic potential 226:244 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 0 58 with microparticles 31:44 arg1 whey 57:60 whey 57:60 whey 57:60 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 7 59 theme simulated 1328:1336 arg1 conditions 1361:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions 1328:1370 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 10 60 theme wall 1608:1611 arg1 materials 1613:1621 wall materials 1608:1621 wall materials 1608:1621 The resulting size of the microparticles generated using both combinations of wall materials used was approximately 150 μm. 30195547 13 61 theme obtained 1922:1929 arg1 microparticles 1931:1944 the obtained microparticles 1918:1944 the obtained microparticles 1918:1944 Furthermore, the sizes of the obtained microparticles indicated that the encapsulated materials are suitable for being incorporated into foods without changing their sensory properties. 30195547 4 62 theme wall 873:876 arg1 material 878:885 the WAP wall material 865:885 the WAP wall material 865:885 The bacteria encapsulated with the WAP wall material were adequately protected. 30195547 2 63 theme vibrational 450:460 arg1 technology 462:471 vibrational technology 450:471 vibrational technology 450:471 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 3 64 theme acidification 781:793 arg1 parameters 767:776 the kinetic parameters 755:776 the kinetic parameters of acidification 755:793 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 64 theme acidification 781:793 arg1 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 microorganisms 650:663 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 0 65 theme spp 155:157 arg1 protection 127:136 the protection 123:136 the protection of Lactobacillus spp 123:157 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 2 66 theme acid 207:210 arg1 bacteria 212:219 lactic acid bacteria 200:219 lactic acid bacteria 200:219 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 66 theme acid 207:210 arg1 ATCC8014 281:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 3 67 theme wall 615:618 arg1 materials 620:628 the encapsulation wall materials 597:628 the encapsulation wall materials 597:628 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 2 68 theme lactic 200:205 arg1 bacteria 212:219 lactic acid bacteria 200:219 lactic acid bacteria 200:219 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 68 theme lactic 200:205 arg1 ATCC8014 281:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 69 theme plantarum 271:279 arg1 ATCC8014 281:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 69 theme plantarum 271:279 arg1 paracasei 294:302 paracasei 294:302 paracasei 294:302 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 69 theme plantarum 271:279 arg1 pentosus 316:323 pentosus 316:323 pentosus 316:323 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 5 70 theme storage 949:955 arg1 months 939:944 three months 933:944 three months of storage at 4 °C 933:963 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 3 71 theme microparticles 818:831 arg1 morphology 804:813 the morphology 800:813 the morphology of microparticles 800:831 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 3 71 theme microparticles 818:831 arg1 viability 637:645 the viability 633:645 the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, 633:794 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 6 72 theme storage 1171:1177 arg1 period 1179:1184 the storage period 1167:1184 the storage period among the assayed isolates 1167:1211 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 2 73 theme Lactobacillus 257:269 arg1 ATCC8014 281:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 257:288 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 73 theme Lactobacillus 257:269 arg1 paracasei 294:302 paracasei 294:302 paracasei 294:302 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 2 73 theme Lactobacillus 257:269 arg1 pentosus 316:323 pentosus 316:323 pentosus 316:323 In this study, lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential, including Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014, L. paracasei ML33 and L. pentosus ML82, were encapsulated with whey-alginate-pectin (WAP) or whey permeate-alginate-pectin (PAP) by an extrusion process using vibrational technology, with the resulting microparticles assessed for their resistance to adverse conditions. 30195547 5 74 from 4 °C 960:963 arg1 storage 949:955 storage 949:955 storage at 4 °C 949:963 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 5 74 from 4 °C 960:963 arg1 months 939:944 three months 933:944 three months of storage at 4 °C 933:963 Furthermore, after three months of storage at 4 °C, the encapsulated bacteria exhibited a cell viability of >6 log CFU mL-1. 30195547 6 75 theme highest 1135:1141 arg1 viability 1143:1151 the highest viability 1131:1151 the highest viability 1131:1151 In addition, the encapsulated L. plantarum ATCC8014 and L. pentosus ML82 isolates exhibited the highest viability at the end of the storage period among the assayed isolates. 30195547 7 76 theme greater 1243:1249 arg1 resistance 1251:1260 greater resistance 1243:1260 greater resistance to acidic conditions 1243:1281 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 30195547 3 77 theme encapsulation 601:613 arg1 materials 620:628 the encapsulation wall materials 597:628 the encapsulation wall materials 597:628 The aim was to assess the effect of the encapsulation wall materials on the viability of microorganisms, the encapsulation, refrigerated storage and simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, the kinetic parameters of acidification, and the morphology of microparticles. 30195547 9 78 theme unencapsulated 1505:1518 arg1 bacteria 1520:1527 unencapsulated bacteria 1505:1527 unencapsulated bacteria 1505:1527 was approximately three-fold lower than that observed for unencapsulated bacteria. 30195547 0 79 theme vibration 68:76 arg1 technology 78:87 vibration technology 68:87 vibration technology 68:87 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 0 80 dep Development 0:10 arg1 Effects 90:96 Effects 90:96 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 0:158 Development of alginate-pectin microparticles with dairy whey using vibration technology: Effects of matrix composition on the protection of Lactobacillus spp. 30195547 12 81 theme gastrointestinal 1824:1839 arg1 tract 1841:1845 the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1810:1845 the simulated gastrointestinal tract 1810:1845 from the adverse conditions of the simulated gastrointestinal tract and from refrigeration storage temperatures. 30195547 7 82 theme Encapsulated 1214:1225 arg1 bacteria 1227:1234 Encapsulated bacteria 1214:1234 Encapsulated bacteria 1214:1234 Encapsulated bacteria showed greater resistance to acidic conditions than unencapsulated bacteria when exposed to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. 31891214 14 0 theme weaned 2291:2296 arg1 piglets 2298:2304 weaned piglets 2291:2304 weaned piglets 2291:2304 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 9 1 theme sterile 1472:1478 arg1 solution 1487:1494 sterile saline solution 1472:1494 sterile saline solution at the same volume 1472:1513 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 11 2 theme TNF-α 1777:1781 arg1 level 1783:1787 TNF-α level 1777:1787 TNF-α level 1777:1787 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 7 3 from total 1120:1124 arg1 diet 1155:1158 control diet 1147:1158 control diet 1147:1158 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 7 3 from total 1120:1124 arg1 diet 1172:1175 control diet 1164:1175 control diet 1164:1175 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 13 4 theme potential 2096:2104 arg1 pathogens 2116:2124 potential bacterial pathogens 2096:2124 potential bacterial pathogens 2096:2124 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 4 5 theme diarrhoea 780:788 arg1 p < .05 796:802 p < .05 796:802 p < .05 796:802 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 4 5 theme diarrhoea 780:788 arg1 rate 790:793 diarrhoea rate 780:793 diarrhoea rate (p < .05) 780:803 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 6 6 theme dose-dependent 1034:1047 arg1 manner 1049:1054 a dose-dependent manner 1032:1054 a dose-dependent manner 1032:1054 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 15 7 theme piglets 2410:2416 arg1 diet 2418:2421 piglets diet 2410:2421 piglets diet 2410:2421 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 13 8 theme pathogens 2116:2124 arg1 growth 2086:2091 the growth 2082:2091 the growth of potential bacterial pathogens 2082:2124 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 11 9 from PEG2 1730:1733 arg1 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 1 10 theme lipopolysaccharide 367:384 arg1 challenge 386:394 lipopolysaccharide challenge 367:394 lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs 367:409 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 8 11 from Half 1286:1289 arg1 n = 6 1318:1322 n = 6 1318:1322 n = 6 1318:1322 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 8 11 from Half 1286:1289 arg1 group 1311:1315 each group 1306:1315 each group (n = 6) 1306:1323 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 8 12 theme pigs 1298:1301 arg1 Half 1286:1289 Half 1286:1289 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) 1286:1323 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 11 13 from IL-6 1736:1739 arg1 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 0 14 theme lipopolysaccharide 132:149 arg1 challenge 151:159 lipopolysaccharide challenge 132:159 lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs 132:174 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 10 15 theme necrosis 1603:1610 arg1 TNF 1620:1622 TNF 1620:1622 TNF 1620:1622 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 10 15 theme necrosis 1603:1610 arg1 factor 1612:1617 tumour necrosis factor 1596:1617 tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α 1596:1625 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 4 16 dep feed 756:759 arg1 the 752:754 the 752:754 the 752:754 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 11 17 from increase 1708:1715 arg1 IL-6 1736:1739 IL-6 1736:1739 IL-6 1736:1739 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 11 17 from increase 1708:1715 arg1 levels 1751:1756 IL-1β levels 1745:1756 IL-1β levels 1745:1756 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 11 17 from increase 1708:1715 arg1 PEG2 1730:1733 PEG2 1730:1733 PEG2 1730:1733 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 11 17 from increase 1708:1715 arg1 cortisol 1720:1727 cortisol 1720:1727 cortisol 1720:1727 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 12 18 theme CNP 1834:1836 arg1 effects 1823:1829 the effects 1819:1829 the effects of CNP on the gut microbiota 1819:1858 Moreover, the effects of CNP on the gut microbiota were also evaluated. 31891214 7 19 with diet 1172:1175 arg1 groups 1212:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 13 20 theme beneficial 2036:2045 arg1 bacteria 2058:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 11 21 from cortisol 1720:1727 arg1 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 4 22 theme CNP 682:684 arg1 concentration 686:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 1 23 from effects 218:224 arg1 performance 297:307 growth performance 290:307 growth performance 290:307 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 23 from effects 218:224 arg1 status 317:322 immune status 310:322 immune status 310:322 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 23 from effects 218:224 arg1 microbiota 329:338 gut microbiota 325:338 gut microbiota 325:338 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 23 from effects 218:224 arg1 responses 351:359 immune responses 344:359 immune responses 344:359 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 3 24 theme treatment 596:604 arg1 group 606:610 Each treatment group 591:610 Each treatment group 591:610 Each treatment group included six pens (six piglets per pen). 31891214 12 25 from effects 1823:1829 arg1 microbiota 1849:1858 the gut microbiota 1841:1858 the gut microbiota 1841:1858 Moreover, the effects of CNP on the gut microbiota were also evaluated. 31891214 5 26 theme average 846:852 arg1 intake 865:870 the average daily feed intake 842:870 the average daily feed intake (ADFI) 842:877 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 5 26 theme average 846:852 arg1 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 7 27 theme CNP 1192:1194 arg1 groups 1212:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 13 28 theme dietary 1905:1911 arg1 supplementation 1913:1927 dietary supplementation 1905:1927 dietary supplementation with CNP 1905:1936 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 11 29 theme IL-1β 1745:1749 arg1 levels 1751:1756 IL-1β levels 1745:1756 IL-1β levels 1745:1756 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 2 30 theme different 474:482 arg1 treatments 492:501 different dietary treatments 474:501 different dietary treatments 474:501 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 2 30 theme different 474:482 arg1 diets 520:524 basal diets 514:524 basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days 514:588 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 8 31 from pigs 1298:1301 arg1 n = 6 1318:1322 n = 6 1318:1322 n = 6 1318:1322 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 8 31 from pigs 1298:1301 arg1 group 1311:1315 each group 1306:1315 each group (n = 6) 1306:1323 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 1 32 theme gut 325:327 arg1 microbiota 329:338 gut microbiota 325:338 gut microbiota 325:338 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 5 33 theme significant 815:825 arg1 differences 827:837 significant differences 815:837 significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations 815:912 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 0 34 from Effects 0:6 arg1 immunity 80:87 humoral immunity 72:87 humoral immunity 72:87 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 0 34 from Effects 0:6 arg1 microbiota 94:103 gut microbiota 90:103 gut microbiota 90:103 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 0 34 from Effects 0:6 arg1 responses 116:124 immune responses 109:124 immune responses 109:124 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 0 34 from Effects 0:6 arg1 performance 59:69 growth performance 52:69 growth performance 52:69 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 0 35 theme gut 90:92 arg1 microbiota 94:103 gut microbiota 90:103 gut microbiota 90:103 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 15 36 theme beneficial 2322:2331 arg1 effects 2333:2339 these beneficial effects 2316:2339 these beneficial effects 2316:2339 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 13 37 theme bacteria 2058:2065 arg1 amounts 2009:2015 the amounts 2005:2015 the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2005:2065 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 13 37 theme bacteria 2058:2065 arg1 bacteria 2058:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 1 38 from challenge 386:394 arg1 pigs 406:409 weaned pigs 399:409 weaned pigs 399:409 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 5 39 theme different 885:893 arg1 concentrations 899:912 different CNP concentrations 885:912 different CNP concentrations 885:912 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 7 40 theme 400 mg/kg 1182:1190 arg1 groups 1212:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 0 41 theme humoral 72:78 arg1 immunity 80:87 humoral immunity 72:87 humoral immunity 72:87 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 5 42 from differences 827:837 arg1 intake 865:870 the average daily feed intake 842:870 the average daily feed intake (ADFI) 842:877 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 5 42 from differences 827:837 arg1 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 5 43 theme feed 860:863 arg1 intake 865:870 the average daily feed intake 842:870 the average daily feed intake (ADFI) 842:877 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 5 43 theme feed 860:863 arg1 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 14 44 theme CNP 2152:2154 arg1 supplementation 2156:2170 CNP supplementation 2152:2170 CNP supplementation 2152:2170 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 4 45 theme average 713:719 arg1 gain 727:730 the average daily gain 709:730 the average daily gain (ADG) 709:736 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 4 45 theme average 713:719 arg1 ADG 733:735 ADG 733:735 ADG 733:735 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 0 46 theme chitosan 11:18 arg1 supplementation 33:47 chitosan nanoparticle supplementation 11:47 chitosan nanoparticle supplementation 11:47 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 6 47 theme immunoglobulin 959:972 arg1 A 978:978 plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A 952:978 plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A 952:978 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 0 48 theme supplementation 33:47 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses 0:124 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 49 theme growth 290:295 arg1 performance 297:307 growth performance 290:307 growth performance 290:307 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 7 50 theme control 1147:1153 arg1 diet 1155:1158 control diet 1147:1158 control diet 1147:1158 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 10 51 theme cortisol 1541:1548 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 0 52 theme growth 52:57 arg1 performance 59:69 growth performance 52:69 growth performance 52:69 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 13 53 theme colonic 1966:1972 arg1 microbiota 1974:1983 colonic microbiota 1966:1983 colonic microbiota 1966:1983 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 7 54 from diet 1155:1158 arg1 total 1120:1124 A total 1118:1124 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1118:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 6 55 from concentrations 1003:1016 arg1 piglets 1021:1027 piglets 1021:1027 piglets 1021:1027 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 4 56 from increase 657:664 arg1 concentration 686:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 8 57 dep lipopolysaccharide 1366:1383 arg1 coli 1361:1364 Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1349:1389 Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1349:1389 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 0 58 dep Effects 0:6 arg1 challenge 151:159 lipopolysaccharide challenge 132:159 lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs 132:174 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 14 59 theme growth 2185:2190 arg1 performance 2192:2202 the growth performance 2181:2202 the growth performance 2181:2202 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 10 60 theme prostaglandin 1551:1563 arg1 PEG2 1569:1572 PEG2 1569:1572 PEG2 1569:1572 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 10 60 theme prostaglandin 1551:1563 arg1 E2  1565:1567 prostaglandin E2  1551:1567 prostaglandin E2 (PEG2) 1551:1573 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 1 61 theme supplementation 237:251 arg1 effects 218:224 the effects 214:224 the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses 214:359 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 9 62 theme saline 1480:1485 arg1 solution 1487:1494 sterile saline solution 1472:1494 sterile saline solution at the same volume 1472:1513 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 6 63 theme IgG 984:986 arg1 concentrations 1003:1016 IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations 984:1016 IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations 984:1016 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 10 64 theme interleukin 1576:1586 arg1 IL 1589:1590 interleukin (IL)-6 1576:1593 interleukin (IL)-6 1576:1593 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 1 65 theme chitosan 258:265 arg1 CNP 282:284 CNP 282:284 CNP 282:284 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 65 theme chitosan 258:265 arg1 nanoparticles 267:279 chitosan nanoparticles 258:279 chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) 258:285 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 7 66 theme immunological 1264:1276 arg1 stress 1278:1283 immunological stress 1264:1283 immunological stress 1264:1283 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 14 67 theme intestinal 2269:2278 arg1 ecology 2280:2286 intestinal ecology 2269:2286 intestinal ecology in weaned piglets 2269:2304 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 6 68 from A 978:978 arg1 piglets 1021:1027 piglets 1021:1027 piglets 1021:1027 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 9 69 theme same 1503:1506 arg1 volume 1508:1513 the same volume 1499:1513 the same volume 1499:1513 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 11 70 from levels 1751:1756 arg1 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 plasma 1761:1766 However, CNP inhibited the increase in cortisol, PEG2, IL-6 and IL-1β levels in plasma, whereas TNF-α level slightly increased. 31891214 13 71 theme bacterial 2106:2114 arg1 pathogens 2116:2124 potential bacterial pathogens 2096:2124 potential bacterial pathogens 2096:2124 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 9 72 from volume 1508:1513 arg1 solution 1487:1494 sterile saline solution 1472:1494 sterile saline solution at the same volume 1472:1513 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 7 73 from piglets 1132:1138 arg1 diet 1155:1158 control diet 1147:1158 control diet 1147:1158 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 7 73 from piglets 1132:1138 arg1 diet 1172:1175 control diet 1164:1175 control diet 1164:1175 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 7 74 theme stress 1278:1283 arg1 experiment 1250:1259 the experiment 1246:1259 the experiment of immunological stress 1246:1283 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 10 75 theme IL 1589:1590 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 15 76 theme functional 2368:2377 arg1 CNP 2342:2344 CNP 2342:2344 CNP 2342:2344 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 15 76 theme functional 2368:2377 arg1 additives 2384:2392 a functional feed additives 2366:2392 a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet 2366:2421 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 1 77 with supplementation 237:251 arg1 CNP 282:284 CNP 282:284 CNP 282:284 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 77 with supplementation 237:251 arg1 nanoparticles 267:279 chitosan nanoparticles 258:279 chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) 258:285 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 12 78 theme gut 1845:1847 arg1 microbiota 1849:1858 the gut microbiota 1841:1858 the gut microbiota 1841:1858 Moreover, the effects of CNP on the gut microbiota were also evaluated. 31891214 7 79 with diet 1155:1158 arg1 groups 1212:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 10 80 theme factor 1612:1617 arg1 -α 1624:1625 tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α 1596:1625 tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α 1596:1625 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 13 81 theme microbiota 1974:1983 arg1 composition 1951:1961 the composition 1947:1961 the composition of colonic microbiota 1947:1983 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 0 82 theme weaned 164:169 arg1 pigs 171:174 weaned pigs 164:174 weaned pigs 164:174 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 83 theme weaned 399:404 arg1 pigs 406:409 weaned pigs 399:409 weaned pigs 399:409 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 10 84 theme tumour 1596:1601 arg1 TNF 1620:1622 TNF 1620:1622 TNF 1620:1622 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 10 84 theme tumour 1596:1601 arg1 factor 1612:1617 tumour necrosis factor 1596:1617 tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α 1596:1625 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 10 85 theme -α 1624:1625 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 13 86 theme intestinal 2047:2056 arg1 bacteria 2058:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria 2020:2065 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 6 87 theme IgM 1075:1077 arg1 concentration 1079:1091 IgM concentration 1075:1091 IgM concentration 1075:1091 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 4 88 theme supplemental 669:680 arg1 concentration 686:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 supplemental CNP concentration 669:698 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 8 89 from group 1311:1315 arg1 Half 1286:1289 Half 1286:1289 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) 1286:1323 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 2 90 theme dietary 484:490 arg1 treatments 492:501 different dietary treatments 474:501 different dietary treatments 474:501 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 2 90 theme dietary 484:490 arg1 diets 520:524 basal diets 514:524 basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days 514:588 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 7 91 theme supplementation 1196:1210 arg1 groups 1212:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1182:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 8 92 theme Escherichia 1349:1359 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 1366:1383 lipopolysaccharide 1366:1383 Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1349:1389 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 8 92 theme Escherichia 1349:1359 arg1 LPS 1386:1388 LPS 1386:1388 LPS 1386:1388 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 14 93 from ecology 2280:2286 arg1 piglets 2298:2304 weaned piglets 2291:2304 weaned piglets 2291:2304 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 2 94 theme basal 514:518 arg1 diets 520:524 basal diets 514:524 basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days 514:588 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 14 95 dep suggested 2142:2150 arg1 regulated 2259:2267 regulated 2259:2267 regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets 2259:2304 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 14 95 dep suggested 2142:2150 arg1 alleviated 2223:2232 alleviated 2223:2232 alleviated immunological stress 2223:2253 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 14 95 dep suggested 2142:2150 arg1 improved 2172:2179 improved 2172:2179 improved the growth performance and immune status 2172:2220 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 4 96 theme daily 721:725 arg1 gain 727:730 the average daily gain 709:730 the average daily gain (ADG) 709:736 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 4 96 theme daily 721:725 arg1 ADG 733:735 ADG 733:735 ADG 733:735 The increase in supplemental CNP concentration improved the average daily gain (ADG) and decreased the feed and gain (F/G) and diarrhoea rate (p < .05). 31891214 0 97 theme immune 109:114 arg1 responses 116:124 immune responses 109:124 immune responses 109:124 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 1 98 theme immune 344:349 arg1 responses 351:359 immune responses 344:359 immune responses 344:359 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 5 99 theme daily 854:858 arg1 intake 865:870 the average daily feed intake 842:870 the average daily feed intake (ADFI) 842:877 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 5 99 theme daily 854:858 arg1 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 ADFI 873:876 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 7 100 theme control 1164:1170 arg1 diet 1172:1175 control diet 1164:1175 control diet 1164:1175 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 2 101 theme piglets 427:433 arg1 total 414:418 A total 412:418 A total of 144 piglets 412:433 A total of 144 piglets were assigned to four groups receiving different dietary treatments, including basal diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg CNP fed for 28 days. 31891214 0 102 theme nanoparticle 20:31 arg1 supplementation 33:47 chitosan nanoparticle supplementation 11:47 chitosan nanoparticle supplementation 11:47 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 9 103 theme other 1428:1432 arg1 pigs 1434:1437 The other pigs 1424:1437 The other pigs in each group 1424:1451 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 9 104 from pigs 1434:1437 arg1 group 1447:1451 each group 1442:1451 each group 1442:1451 The other pigs in each group were injected with sterile saline solution at the same volume. 31891214 6 105 theme plasma 952:957 arg1 immunoglobulin 959:972 plasma immunoglobulin 952:972 plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A 952:978 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 6 105 theme plasma 952:957 arg1 Ig 975:976 Ig 975:976 Ig 975:976 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 8 106 theme 100 μg/kg 1413:1421 arg1 concentration 1396:1408 a concentration 1394:1408 a concentration of 100 μg/kg 1394:1421 Half of the pigs in each group (n = 6) were injected i.p. with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 100 μg/kg. 31891214 10 107 theme IL-1β 1631:1635 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 14 108 theme immunological 2234:2246 arg1 stress 2248:2253 immunological stress 2234:2253 immunological stress 2234:2253 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 13 109 with supplementation 1913:1927 arg1 CNP 1934:1936 CNP 1934:1936 CNP 1934:1936 Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CNP modified the composition of colonic microbiota, where it increased the amounts of some presumably beneficial intestinal bacteria and suppressed the growth of potential bacterial pathogens. 31891214 7 110 theme piglets 1132:1138 arg1 total 1120:1124 A total 1118:1124 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1118:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 15 111 theme feed 2379:2382 arg1 CNP 2342:2344 CNP 2342:2344 CNP 2342:2344 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 15 111 theme feed 2379:2382 arg1 additives 2384:2392 a functional feed additives 2366:2392 a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet 2366:2421 Based on these beneficial effects, CNP could be applied as a functional feed additives supplemented in piglets diet. 31891214 1 112 theme immune 310:315 arg1 status 317:322 immune status 310:322 immune status 310:322 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 5 113 theme CNP 895:897 arg1 concentrations 899:912 different CNP concentrations 885:912 different CNP concentrations 885:912 However, significant differences in the average daily feed intake (ADFI) among different CNP concentrations were not observed. 31891214 0 114 from challenge 151:159 arg1 pigs 171:174 weaned pigs 164:174 weaned pigs 164:174 Effects of chitosan nanoparticle supplementation on growth performance, humoral immunity, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 10 115 theme LPS 1666:1668 arg1 challenge 1670:1678 LPS challenge 1666:1678 LPS challenge 1666:1678 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 14 116 theme immune 2208:2213 arg1 status 2215:2220 immune status 2208:2220 immune status 2208:2220 These findings suggested CNP supplementation improved the growth performance and immune status, alleviated immunological stress and regulated intestinal ecology in weaned piglets. 31891214 10 117 theme Plasma 1516:1521 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 7 118 dep diet 1155:1158 arg1 the 1143:1145 the 1143:1145 the 1143:1145 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 7 119 from diet 1172:1175 arg1 total 1120:1124 A total 1118:1124 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups 1118:1217 A total of 24 piglets in the control diet and control diet with 400 mg/kg CNP supplementation groups were randomly selected for the experiment of immunological stress. 31891214 6 120 theme C3 993:994 arg1 concentrations 1003:1016 IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations 984:1016 IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations 984:1016 CNP also increased plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG, and C3 and C4 concentrations in piglets in a dose-dependent manner on day 28, whereas IgM concentration was not affected by CNP. 31891214 1 121 theme dietary 229:235 arg1 supplementation 237:251 dietary supplementation 229:251 dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) 229:285 In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) on growth performance, immune status, gut microbiota and immune responses after lipopolysaccharide challenge in weaned pigs. 31891214 10 122 theme E2  1565:1567 arg1 concentrations 1523:1536 Plasma concentrations 1516:1536 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β 1516:1635 Plasma concentrations of cortisol, prostaglandin E2 (PEG2), interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β dramatically increased after LPS challenge. 31891214 3 123 dep pens 625:628 arg1 piglets 635:641 six piglets 631:641 six piglets per pen 631:649 Each treatment group included six pens (six piglets per pen). 29980863 7 0 theme compatibility 1198:1210 arg1 evaluations 1212:1222 blood compatibility evaluations 1192:1222 blood compatibility evaluations 1192:1222 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 6 1 theme bilirubin 1168:1176 arg1 removal 1157:1163 removal 1157:1163 removal of bilirubin 1157:1176 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 2 theme sponges 1089:1095 arg1 capacities 1063:1072 the adsorption capacities 1048:1072 the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges 1048:1095 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 2 3 theme X-ray 417:421 arg1 diffraction 423:433 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 406:433 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 406:433 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 7 4 theme blood 1192:1196 arg1 evaluations 1212:1222 blood compatibility evaluations 1192:1222 blood compatibility evaluations 1192:1222 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 1 5 theme 11 wt 170:174 arg1 % 175:175 % 175:175 % 175:175 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 6 6 theme chitin 1082:1087 arg1 sponges 1089:1095 pure chitin sponges 1077:1095 pure chitin sponges 1077:1095 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 7 theme characteristics 867:881 arg1 advantages 837:846 advantages 837:846 advantages of these fantastic characteristics 837:881 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 8 theme adsorption 896:905 arg1 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 8 theme adsorption 896:905 arg1 capacity 907:914 the maximum adsorption capacity 884:914 the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin 884:949 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 9 theme pure 1077:1080 arg1 sponges 1089:1095 pure chitin sponges 1077:1095 pure chitin sponges 1077:1095 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 5 10 theme pure 809:812 arg1 sponges 821:827 pure chitin sponges 809:827 pure chitin sponges 809:827 Besides, thermal stability and mechanical properties were significantly improved compared with pure chitin sponges. 29980863 6 11 theme optimized 982:990 arg1 higher 1036:1041 higher 1036:1041 higher 1036:1041 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 11 theme optimized 982:990 arg1 condition 992:1000 the optimized condition 978:1000 the optimized condition 978:1000 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 5 12 theme thermal 723:729 arg1 stability 731:739 thermal stability 723:739 thermal stability 723:739 Besides, thermal stability and mechanical properties were significantly improved compared with pure chitin sponges. 29980863 6 13 theme maximum 888:894 arg1 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 13 theme maximum 888:894 arg1 capacity 907:914 the maximum adsorption capacity 884:914 the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin 884:949 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 8 14 theme Ch/GO 1365:1369 arg1 sponges 1381:1387 Ch/GO composite sponges 1365:1387 Ch/GO composite sponges 1365:1387 Therefore, this work provided a potential possibility to offer Ch/GO composite sponges for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 5 15 theme chitin 814:819 arg1 sponges 821:827 pure chitin sponges 809:827 pure chitin sponges 809:827 Besides, thermal stability and mechanical properties were significantly improved compared with pure chitin sponges. 29980863 2 16 theme mechanical 267:276 arg1 properties 278:287 mechanical properties 267:287 mechanical properties 267:287 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 1 17 theme % 175:175 arg1 solution 201:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 7 18 contain had 1260:1262 arg2 hemolysis 1275:1283 hemolysis 1275:1283 hemolysis 1275:1283 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 7 18 contain had 1260:1262 arg2 coagulation 1289:1299 coagulation 1289:1299 coagulation 1289:1299 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 7 18 contain had 1260:1262 arg1 sponges 1252:1258 this blended sponges 1239:1258 this blended sponges 1239:1258 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 1 19 theme NaOH/4 wt 177:185 arg1 solution 201:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 2 20 theme strength 480:487 arg1 measurements 489:500 compressive strength measurements 468:500 compressive strength measurements 468:500 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 2 21 theme sponges 306:312 arg1 properties 278:287 mechanical properties 267:287 mechanical properties 267:287 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 2 21 theme sponges 306:312 arg1 structure 234:242 The structure 230:242 The structure 230:242 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 2 21 theme sponges 306:312 arg1 stability 253:261 thermal stability 245:261 thermal stability 245:261 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 1 22 theme Chitin/graphene 98:112 arg1 oxide 114:118 Chitin/graphene oxide 98:118 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges 98:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 1 22 theme Chitin/graphene 98:112 arg1 Ch/GO 121:125 Ch/GO 121:125 Ch/GO 121:125 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 7 23 theme negligible 1264:1273 arg1 hemolysis 1275:1283 hemolysis 1275:1283 hemolysis 1275:1283 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 1 24 theme % 186:186 arg1 solution 201:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 2 25 theme compressive 468:478 arg1 measurements 489:500 compressive strength measurements 468:500 compressive strength measurements 468:500 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 8 26 theme potential 1334:1342 arg1 possibility 1344:1354 a potential possibility 1332:1354 a potential possibility to offer Ch/GO composite sponges for removal of bilirubin 1332:1412 Therefore, this work provided a potential possibility to offer Ch/GO composite sponges for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 27 theme fantastic 857:865 arg1 characteristics 867:881 these fantastic characteristics 851:881 these fantastic characteristics 851:881 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 1 28 theme oxide 114:118 arg1 sponges 138:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges 98:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges 98:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 1 29 theme urea 188:191 arg1 solution 201:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 0 30 theme oxide 31:35 arg1 sponges 47:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 4 31 theme composite 588:596 arg1 sponges 598:604 the composite sponges 584:604 the composite sponges 584:604 Interestingly, the composite sponges showed meso-macroporous structure, which played an important role in improving their adsorption properties. 29980863 2 32 theme composite 296:304 arg1 sponges 306:312 the composite sponges 292:312 the composite sponges 292:312 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 1 33 theme aqueous 193:199 arg1 solution 201:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution 170:208 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 0 34 theme chitin/graphene 15:29 arg1 sponges 47:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 4 35 theme meso-macroporous 613:628 arg1 structure 630:638 meso-macroporous structure 613:638 meso-macroporous structure 613:638 Interestingly, the composite sponges showed meso-macroporous structure, which played an important role in improving their adsorption properties. 29980863 4 36 theme important 657:665 arg1 role 667:670 an important role 654:670 an important role 654:670 Interestingly, the composite sponges showed meso-macroporous structure, which played an important role in improving their adsorption properties. 29980863 2 37 theme thermogravimetric 436:452 arg1 analysis 454:461 thermogravimetric analysis 436:461 thermogravimetric analysis 436:461 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 0 38 theme sponges 47:53 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 0:96 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 2 39 theme scanning 335:342 arg1 microscopy 353:362 scanning electron microscopy 335:362 scanning electron microscopy 335:362 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 6 40 theme reported 1133:1140 arg1 adsorbents 1142:1151 many reported adsorbents 1128:1151 many reported adsorbents 1128:1151 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 0 41 theme composite 37:45 arg1 sponges 47:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges 15:53 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 7 42 theme blended 1244:1250 arg1 sponges 1252:1258 this blended sponges 1239:1258 this blended sponges 1239:1258 Furthermore, blood compatibility evaluations confirmed that this blended sponges had negligible hemolysis and coagulation. 29980863 4 43 theme adsorption 691:700 arg1 properties 702:711 their adsorption properties 685:711 their adsorption properties 685:711 Interestingly, the composite sponges showed meso-macroporous structure, which played an important role in improving their adsorption properties. 29980863 0 44 theme higher 60:65 arg1 capacity 88:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 6 45 theme adsorption 1052:1061 arg1 capacities 1063:1072 the adsorption capacities 1048:1072 the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges 1048:1095 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 2 46 theme electron 344:351 arg1 microscopy 353:362 scanning electron microscopy 335:362 scanning electron microscopy 335:362 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 1 47 theme composite 128:136 arg1 sponges 138:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges 98:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges 98:144 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 5 48 theme mechanical 745:754 arg1 properties 756:765 mechanical properties 745:765 mechanical properties 745:765 Besides, thermal stability and mechanical properties were significantly improved compared with pure chitin sponges. 29980863 6 49 theme sponges 929:935 arg1 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 422.9 mg/g 961:970 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 49 theme sponges 929:935 arg1 capacity 907:914 the maximum adsorption capacity 884:914 the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin 884:949 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 0 50 with Fabrication 0:10 arg1 capacity 88:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 8 51 theme bilirubin 1404:1412 arg1 removal 1393:1399 removal 1393:1399 removal of bilirubin 1393:1412 Therefore, this work provided a potential possibility to offer Ch/GO composite sponges for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 1 52 theme simple 215:220 arg1 method 222:227 a simple method 213:227 a simple method 213:227 Chitin/graphene oxide (Ch/GO) composite sponges had been synthesized in 11 wt% NaOH/4 wt% urea aqueous solution by a simple method. 29980863 6 53 theme composite 919:927 arg1 sponges 929:935 composite sponges 919:935 composite sponges 919:935 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 2 54 theme thermal 245:251 arg1 stability 253:261 thermal stability 245:261 thermal stability 245:261 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 0 55 theme adsorption 77:86 arg1 capacity 88:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 8 56 theme composite 1371:1379 arg1 sponges 1381:1387 Ch/GO composite sponges 1365:1387 Ch/GO composite sponges 1365:1387 Therefore, this work provided a potential possibility to offer Ch/GO composite sponges for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 6 57 theme many 1128:1131 arg1 adsorbents 1142:1151 many reported adsorbents 1128:1151 many reported adsorbents 1128:1151 Taking advantages of these fantastic characteristics, the maximum adsorption capacity of composite sponges for bilirubin was up to 422.9 mg/g under the optimized condition, which was not only significantly higher than the adsorption capacities of pure chitin sponges, but also superior to those of many reported adsorbents for removal of bilirubin. 29980863 2 58 theme infrared 383:390 arg1 spectroscopy 392:403 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 365:403 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 365:403 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 2 59 theme wide-angle 406:415 arg1 diffraction 423:433 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 406:433 wide-angle X-ray diffraction 406:433 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29980863 0 60 theme bilirubin 67:75 arg1 capacity 88:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 higher bilirubin adsorption capacity 60:95 Fabrication of chitin/graphene oxide composite sponges with higher bilirubin adsorption capacity. 29980863 2 61 theme Fourier-transform 365:381 arg1 spectroscopy 392:403 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 365:403 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 365:403 The structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite sponges were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and compressive strength measurements. 29722966 4 0 theme T 927:927 arg1 type 936:939 T helper type 1 927:941 T helper type 1 (Th1) 927:947 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 0 theme T 927:927 arg1 Th1 944:946 Th1 944:946 Th1 944:946 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 6 1 contain has 1350:1352 arg1 formulation 1338:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 6 1 contain has 1350:1352 arg2 potential 1358:1366 the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1354:1471 the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1354:1471 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 1 2 theme repeated 171:178 arg1 inoculations 180:191 repeated inoculations 171:191 repeated inoculations 171:191 Enhancing the immune response to vaccines and minimizing the need for repeated inoculations remain a challenge in clinical vaccination. 29722966 4 3 theme immune 957:962 arg1 responses 964:972 Th2 immune responses 953:972 Th2 immune responses 953:972 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 4 theme single 827:832 arg1 immunization 834:845 a single immunization 825:845 a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 825:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 5 theme OVA 1118:1120 arg1 × 1122:1122 200 μg OVA × 1 1111:1124 200 μg OVA × 1 1111:1124 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 5 theme OVA 1118:1120 arg1 double-dose 1098:1108 double-dose 1098:1108 double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) 1098:1125 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 2 6 theme chitosan 336:343 arg1 base 345:348 a chitosan base 334:348 a chitosan base 334:348 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 6 7 theme MN 1335:1336 arg1 formulation 1338:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 4 8 theme μg 903:904 arg1 × 906:906 100 μg × 1 899:908 100 μg × 1 899:908 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 8 theme μg 903:904 arg1 ovalbumin 882:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin 852:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 852:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 3 9 theme biodegradable 660:672 arg1 base 683:686 the biodegradable chitosan base 656:686 the biodegradable chitosan base 656:686 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 4 10 theme μg 1115:1116 arg1 × 1122:1122 200 μg OVA × 1 1111:1124 200 μg OVA × 1 1111:1124 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 10 theme μg 1115:1116 arg1 double-dose 1098:1108 double-dose 1098:1108 double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) 1098:1125 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 3 11 theme dissolvable 525:535 arg1 tip 540:542 the dissolvable HA tip 521:542 the dissolvable HA tip 521:542 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 6 12 theme HA/chitosan 1323:1333 arg1 formulation 1338:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 the HA/chitosan MN formulation 1319:1348 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 3 13 theme stimulated 780:789 arg1 immunity 791:798 the stimulated immunity 776:798 the stimulated immunity 776:798 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 3 14 theme HA 537:538 arg1 tip 540:542 the dissolvable HA tip 521:542 the dissolvable HA tip 521:542 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 4 15 with immunization 834:845 arg1 × 906:906 100 μg × 1 899:908 100 μg × 1 899:908 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 15 with immunization 834:845 arg1 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 15 with immunization 834:845 arg1 ovalbumin 882:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin 852:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 852:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 6 16 theme unique 1272:1277 arg1 properties 1307:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 6 17 theme sustained 1289:1297 arg1 properties 1307:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 0 18 theme Sodium 0:5 arg1 Composite 28:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite 0:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite 0:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. 29722966 4 19 theme traditional 1057:1067 arg1 × 1090:1090 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 19 theme traditional 1057:1067 arg1 two-dose 1069:1076 a traditional two-dose 1055:1076 a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) 1055:1093 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 0 20 theme Hyaluronate/Chitosan 7:26 arg1 Composite 28:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite 0:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite 0:36 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. 29722966 2 21 theme HA 322:323 arg1 tip 326:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 4 22 dep two-dose 1069:1076 arg1 vaccination 1140:1150 subcutaneous vaccination 1127:1150 subcutaneous vaccination 1127:1150 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 2 23 theme antigen 364:370 arg1 release 372:378 biphasic antigen release 355:378 biphasic antigen release 355:378 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 2 24 theme MN 422:423 arg1 system 464:469 an intradermal delivery system 440:469 an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination 440:497 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 2 24 theme MN 422:423 arg1 formulation 425:435 this MN formulation 417:435 this MN formulation 417:435 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 3 25 theme antigen 725:731 arg1 release 733:739 prolonged antigen release 715:739 prolonged antigen release 715:739 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 1 26 theme immune 115:120 arg1 response 122:129 the immune response 111:129 the immune response to vaccines 111:141 Enhancing the immune response to vaccines and minimizing the need for repeated inoculations remain a challenge in clinical vaccination. 29722966 2 27 theme biphasic 355:362 arg1 release 372:378 biphasic antigen release 355:378 biphasic antigen release 355:378 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 4 28 theme Th2 953:955 arg1 responses 964:972 Th2 immune responses 953:972 Th2 immune responses 953:972 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 2 29 theme hyaluronate 309:319 arg1 tip 326:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 3 30 theme rapid 574:578 arg1 release 580:586 rapid release 574:586 rapid release of the encapsulated antigens 574:615 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 1 31 theme clinical 215:222 arg1 vaccination 224:234 clinical vaccination 215:234 clinical vaccination 215:234 Enhancing the immune response to vaccines and minimizing the need for repeated inoculations remain a challenge in clinical vaccination. 29722966 6 32 theme release 1299:1305 arg1 properties 1307:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 2 33 theme sodium 302:307 arg1 tip 326:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip 300:328 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 4 34 theme antibody 1031:1038 arg1 responses 1040:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 2 35 theme delivery 455:462 arg1 system 464:469 an intradermal delivery system 440:469 an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination 440:497 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 2 35 theme delivery 455:462 arg1 formulation 425:435 this MN formulation 417:435 this MN formulation 417:435 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 3 36 theme prolonged 715:723 arg1 release 733:739 prolonged antigen release 715:739 prolonged antigen release 715:739 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 6 37 theme conventional 1383:1394 arg1 regimen 1408:1414 the conventional prime-boost regimen 1379:1414 the conventional prime-boost regimen 1379:1414 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 2 38 theme composite 260:268 arg1 MN 283:284 MN 283:284 MN 283:284 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 2 38 theme composite 260:268 arg1 microneedle 270:280 a composite microneedle 258:280 a composite microneedle (MN) 258:285 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 4 39 theme durable 1023:1029 arg1 responses 1040:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 2 40 theme intradermal 443:453 arg1 system 464:469 an intradermal delivery system 440:469 an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination 440:497 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 2 40 theme intradermal 443:453 arg1 formulation 425:435 this MN formulation 417:435 this MN formulation 417:435 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 4 41 theme helper 929:934 arg1 type 936:939 T helper type 1 927:941 T helper type 1 (Th1) 927:947 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 41 theme helper 929:934 arg1 Th1 944:946 Th1 944:946 Th1 944:946 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 5 42 theme strong 1182:1187 arg1 adjuvanticity 1189:1201 strong adjuvanticity 1182:1201 strong adjuvanticity 1182:1201 Thus, the proposed MN exerts strong adjuvanticity to greatly augment the antigen's immunogenicity. 29722966 0 43 theme Intradermal 68:78 arg1 System 93:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. 29722966 4 44 theme MN 868:869 arg1 × 906:906 100 μg × 1 899:908 100 μg × 1 899:908 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 44 theme MN 868:869 arg1 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 44 theme MN 868:869 arg1 ovalbumin 882:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin 852:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 852:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 0 45 theme Immunization 80:91 arg1 System 93:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. 29722966 4 46 theme OVA 1086:1088 arg1 × 1090:1090 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 46 theme OVA 1086:1088 arg1 two-dose 1069:1076 a traditional two-dose 1055:1076 a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) 1055:1093 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 0 47 theme Single-Dose 56:66 arg1 System 93:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System 54:98 Sodium Hyaluronate/Chitosan Composite Microneedles as a Single-Dose Intradermal Immunization System. 29722966 6 48 theme rapid 1279:1283 arg1 properties 1307:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 its unique rapid and sustained release properties 1268:1316 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 4 49 theme HA/chitosan 856:866 arg1 × 906:906 100 μg × 1 899:908 100 μg × 1 899:908 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 49 theme HA/chitosan 856:866 arg1 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 49 theme HA/chitosan 856:866 arg1 ovalbumin 882:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin 852:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 852:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 50 theme subcutaneous 1127:1138 arg1 vaccination 1140:1150 subcutaneous vaccination 1127:1150 subcutaneous vaccination 1127:1150 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 6 51 theme effective 1431:1439 arg1 formulation 1461:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 3 52 theme encapsulated 595:606 arg1 antigens 608:615 the encapsulated antigens 591:615 the encapsulated antigens 591:615 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 6 53 theme single-dose 1441:1451 arg1 formulation 1461:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 4 54 theme containing 871:880 arg1 × 906:906 100 μg × 1 899:908 100 μg × 1 899:908 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 54 theme containing 871:880 arg1 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 OVA 893:895 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 54 theme containing 871:880 arg1 ovalbumin 882:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin 852:890 the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) 852:909 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 3 55 theme immune 635:640 arg1 system 642:647 the immune system 631:647 the immune system 631:647 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 3 56 theme antigens 608:615 arg1 release 580:586 rapid release 574:586 rapid release of the encapsulated antigens 574:615 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 1 57 from challenge 202:210 arg1 vaccination 224:234 clinical vaccination 215:234 clinical vaccination 215:234 Enhancing the immune response to vaccines and minimizing the need for repeated inoculations remain a challenge in clinical vaccination. 29722966 6 58 theme prime-boost 1396:1406 arg1 regimen 1408:1414 the conventional prime-boost regimen 1379:1414 the conventional prime-boost regimen 1379:1414 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 4 59 theme higher 1007:1012 arg1 responses 1040:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 considerably higher and more durable antibody responses 994:1048 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 6 60 theme vaccine 1453:1459 arg1 formulation 1461:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 an effective single-dose vaccine formulation 1428:1471 Moreover, given its unique rapid and sustained release properties, the HA/chitosan MN formulation has the potential to replace the conventional prime-boost regimen to serve as an effective single-dose vaccine formulation. 29722966 3 61 theme skin 505:508 arg1 insertion 510:518 skin insertion 505:518 skin insertion 505:518 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 5 62 theme proposed 1163:1170 arg1 MN 1172:1173 the proposed MN 1159:1173 the proposed MN 1159:1173 Thus, the proposed MN exerts strong adjuvanticity to greatly augment the antigen's immunogenicity. 29722966 2 63 theme single-dose 475:485 arg1 vaccination 487:497 single-dose vaccination 475:497 single-dose vaccination 475:497 This study developed a composite microneedle (MN), composed of a sodium hyaluronate (HA) tip and a chitosan base, for biphasic antigen release and evaluated the potential of using this MN formulation as an intradermal delivery system for single-dose vaccination. 29722966 3 64 theme chitosan 674:681 arg1 base 683:686 the biodegradable chitosan base 656:686 the biodegradable chitosan base 656:686 Upon skin insertion, the dissolvable HA tip dissolved within the skin for rapid release of the encapsulated antigens, thus priming the immune system, while the biodegradable chitosan base remained in the dermis for prolonged antigen release for 4 weeks, thus further boosting the stimulated immunity. 29722966 4 65 theme μg 1083:1084 arg1 × 1090:1090 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 100 μg OVA × 2 1079:1092 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 29722966 4 65 theme μg 1083:1084 arg1 two-dose 1069:1076 a traditional two-dose 1055:1076 a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) 1055:1093 Our results showed that a single immunization with the HA/chitosan MN containing ovalbumin (OVA) (100 μg × 1) stimulated both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 immune responses in rats and induced considerably higher and more durable antibody responses than a traditional two-dose (100 μg OVA × 2) or double-dose (200 μg OVA × 1) subcutaneous vaccination. 30653971 0 0 theme Stevia 90:95 arg1 Nanoaggregates 97:110 α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates 79:110 α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates 79:110 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 7 1 theme membrane 997:1004 arg1 permeability 1006:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability 988:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 988:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 1 2 theme quercetin 279:287 arg1 hydrate 289:295 quercetin hydrate 279:295 quercetin hydrate (QUE) 279:301 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 1 2 theme quercetin 279:287 arg1 QUE 298:300 QUE 298:300 QUE 298:300 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 0 3 theme α-Glucosyl 79:88 arg1 Nanoaggregates 97:110 α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates 79:110 α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates 79:110 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 6 4 theme QUE 842:844 arg1 Solubility 828:837 Solubility 828:837 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs 828:858 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 1 5 theme α-glucosyl 179:188 arg1 Stevia-G 198:205 Stevia-G 198:205 Stevia-G 198:205 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 1 5 theme α-glucosyl 179:188 arg1 stevia 190:195 α-glucosyl stevia 179:195 α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) 179:206 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 1 6 theme hydrate 289:295 arg1 effect 141:146 The effect 137:146 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility 137:245 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 1 6 theme hydrate 289:295 arg1 enhancement 264:274 permeability enhancement 251:274 permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) 251:301 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 3 7 theme Stevia-G 574:581 arg1 aggregate 583:591 Stevia-G aggregate 574:591 Stevia-G aggregate 574:591 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 8 8 theme Stevia-G/PVP 1153:1164 arg1 EVPs 1145:1148 the EVPs 1141:1148 the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1141:1164 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 6 9 theme > 910:910 arg1 Stevia-G/HPMC 912:924 Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC 897:924 Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC 897:924 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 5 10 theme QUE 753:755 arg1 particles 733:741 Evaporated particles 722:741 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers 722:782 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 5 10 theme QUE 753:755 arg1 EVPs 744:747 EVPs 744:747 EVPs 744:747 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 6 11 theme Stevia-G/PVP 897:908 arg1 Stevia-G/HPMC 912:924 Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC 897:924 Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC 897:924 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 3 12 with studies 496:502 arg1 pyrene 509:514 pyrene 509:514 pyrene 509:514 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 3 12 with studies 496:502 arg1 curcumin 520:527 curcumin 520:527 curcumin 520:527 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 3 13 theme Fluorescence 483:494 arg1 studies 496:502 Fluorescence studies 483:502 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin 483:527 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 7 14 from permeability 1006:1017 arg1 EVPs 1035:1038 the EVPs 1031:1038 the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1031:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 2 15 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 15 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 15 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 HPC 429:431 HPC 429:431 HPC 429:431 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 15 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 15 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 0 16 theme Hydrophilic 116:126 arg1 Polymer 128:134 Hydrophilic Polymer 116:134 Hydrophilic Polymer 116:134 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 5 17 theme synergic 791:798 arg1 enhancement 815:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 4 18 theme interaction 636:646 arg1 strength 624:631 the strength 620:631 the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers 620:686 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 2 19 theme hydroxypropyl 400:412 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 19 theme hydroxypropyl 400:412 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 19 theme hydroxypropyl 400:412 arg1 HPC 429:431 HPC 429:431 HPC 429:431 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 19 theme hydroxypropyl 400:412 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 19 theme hydroxypropyl 400:412 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 20 theme candidate 451:459 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 20 theme candidate 451:459 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 20 theme candidate 451:459 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 20 theme candidate 451:459 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 4 21 theme > 708:708 arg1 HPC 717:719 PVP > HPMC > HPC 704:719 follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC 695:719 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 8 22 theme untreated 1220:1228 arg1 powder 1234:1239 the untreated QUE powder 1216:1239 the untreated QUE powder 1216:1239 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 7 23 theme Caco-2 1076:1081 arg1 cells 1083:1087 Caco-2 cells 1076:1087 Caco-2 cells 1076:1087 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 4 24 theme PVP 704:706 arg1 HPC 717:719 PVP > HPMC > HPC 704:719 follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC 695:719 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 6 25 theme interaction 975:985 arg1 degree 965:970 the degree 961:970 the degree of interaction 961:985 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 5 26 theme Evaporated 722:731 arg1 particles 733:741 Evaporated particles 722:741 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers 722:782 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 5 26 theme Evaporated 722:731 arg1 EVPs 744:747 EVPs 744:747 EVPs 744:747 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 9 27 theme QUE 1430:1432 arg1 permeability 1414:1425 membrane permeability 1405:1425 membrane permeability 1405:1425 These results indicated that the composite formed by Stevia-G and PVP can dramatically enhance the solubility and membrane permeability of QUE. 30653971 9 27 theme QUE 1430:1432 arg1 solubility 1390:1399 solubility 1390:1399 solubility 1390:1399 These results indicated that the composite formed by Stevia-G and PVP can dramatically enhance the solubility and membrane permeability of QUE. 30653971 0 28 theme Permeability 15:26 arg1 Improvement 28:38 Permeability Improvement 15:38 Permeability Improvement 15:38 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 6 29 theme following 880:888 arg1 order 890:894 the following order 876:894 the following order 876:894 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 3 30 dep formation 549:557 arg1 occurs 559:564 occurs 559:564 occurs 559:564 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 1 31 theme hydrophilic 212:222 arg1 polymers 224:231 hydrophilic polymers 212:231 hydrophilic polymers 212:231 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 0 32 theme Quercetin 43:51 arg1 Solubility 0:9 Solubility 0:9 Solubility 0:9 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 0 32 theme Quercetin 43:51 arg1 Improvement 28:38 Permeability Improvement 15:38 Permeability Improvement 15:38 Solubility and Permeability Improvement of Quercetin by an Interaction Between α-Glucosyl Stevia Nanoaggregates and Hydrophilic Polymer. 30653971 8 33 theme QUE 1104:1106 arg1 QUE 1104:1106 QUE 1104:1106 QUE 1104:1106 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 8 33 theme QUE 1104:1106 arg1 13.7- 1170:1174 13.7- 1170:1174 13.7- 1170:1174 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 8 33 theme QUE 1104:1106 arg1 amount 1094:1099 The amount 1090:1099 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1090:1164 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 8 34 from EVPs 1145:1148 arg1 cells 1130:1134 Caco-2 cells 1123:1134 Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1123:1164 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 8 35 theme QUE 1230:1232 arg1 powder 1234:1239 the untreated QUE powder 1216:1239 the untreated QUE powder 1216:1239 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 8 36 theme Stevia-G 1250:1257 arg1 EVPs 1242:1245 EVPs 1242:1245 EVPs of Stevia-G 1242:1257 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 4 37 theme > 715:715 arg1 HPC 717:719 PVP > HPMC > HPC 704:719 follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC 695:719 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 5 38 theme QUE 800:802 arg1 enhancement 815:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 8 39 theme PVP 1272:1274 arg1 EVPs 1264:1267 EVPs 1264:1267 EVPs of PVP 1264:1274 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 6 40 from EVPs 855:858 arg1 Solubility 828:837 Solubility 828:837 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs 828:858 Solubility of QUE from the EVPs was enhanced in the following order: Stevia-G/PVP > Stevia-G/HPMC > Stevia-G/HPC, in accordance with the degree of interaction. 30653971 5 41 with particles 733:741 arg1 polymers 775:782 polymers 775:782 polymers 775:782 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 5 41 with particles 733:741 arg1 Stevia-G 762:769 Stevia-G 762:769 Stevia-G 762:769 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 5 42 theme solubility 804:813 arg1 enhancement 815:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 synergic QUE solubility enhancement 791:825 Evaporated particles (EVPs) of QUE with Stevia-G and polymers showed synergic QUE solubility enhancement. 30653971 1 43 dep stevia 190:195 arg1 on solubility 233:245 on solubility 233:245 on solubility 233:245 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 2 44 theme methylcellulose 365:379 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 44 theme methylcellulose 365:379 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 44 theme methylcellulose 365:379 arg1 HPMC 389:392 HPMC 389:392 HPMC 389:392 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 44 theme methylcellulose 365:379 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 44 theme methylcellulose 365:379 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 45 theme hydrophilic 461:471 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 45 theme hydrophilic 461:471 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 45 theme hydrophilic 461:471 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 45 theme hydrophilic 461:471 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 9 46 dep solubility 1390:1399 arg1 the 1386:1388 the 1386:1388 the 1386:1388 These results indicated that the composite formed by Stevia-G and PVP can dramatically enhance the solubility and membrane permeability of QUE. 30653971 7 47 theme QUE 1022:1024 arg1 permeability 1006:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability 988:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 988:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 2 48 theme hydroxypropyl 351:363 arg1 SSL 424:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL 400:426 hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) 400:432 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 48 theme hydroxypropyl 351:363 arg1 polymers 473:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 candidate hydrophilic polymers 451:480 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 48 theme hydroxypropyl 351:363 arg1 HPMC 389:392 HPMC 389:392 HPMC 389:392 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 48 theme hydroxypropyl 351:363 arg1 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 318:337 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 318:342 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) 318:348 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 2 48 theme hydroxypropyl 351:363 arg1 2910-E 381:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E 351:386 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC) 351:393 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910-E (HPMC), and hydroxypropyl cellulose SSL (HPC) were selected as candidate hydrophilic polymers. 30653971 1 49 theme composite 151:159 arg1 formation 161:169 composite formation 151:169 composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility 151:245 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 8 50 theme Caco-2 1123:1128 arg1 cells 1130:1134 Caco-2 cells 1123:1134 Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1123:1164 The amount of QUE that permeated Caco-2 cells from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was 13.7-, 4.7-, and 2.1-fold higher than that of the untreated QUE powder, EVPs of Stevia-G, and EVPs of PVP, respectively. 30653971 7 51 theme Stevia-G/PVP 1043:1054 arg1 EVPs 1035:1038 the EVPs 1031:1038 the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 1031:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 4 52 theme HPMC 710:713 arg1 HPC 717:719 PVP > HPMC > HPC 704:719 follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC 695:719 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 1 53 theme permeability 251:262 arg1 enhancement 264:274 permeability enhancement 251:274 permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) 251:301 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 7 54 from EVPs 1035:1038 arg1 permeability 1006:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability 988:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 988:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 3 55 theme composite 539:547 arg1 formation 549:557 composite formation occurs 539:564 composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers 539:604 Fluorescence studies with pyrene and curcumin suggested composite formation occurs between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers. 30653971 9 56 theme membrane 1405:1412 arg1 permeability 1414:1425 membrane permeability 1405:1425 membrane permeability 1405:1425 These results indicated that the composite formed by Stevia-G and PVP can dramatically enhance the solubility and membrane permeability of QUE. 30653971 4 57 dep follows 695:701 arg1 HPC 717:719 PVP > HPMC > HPC 704:719 follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC 695:719 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 30653971 7 58 theme Enhanced 988:995 arg1 permeability 1006:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability 988:1017 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP 988:1054 Enhanced membrane permeability of QUE from the EVPs of Stevia-G/PVP was confirmed using Caco-2 cells. 30653971 1 59 theme formation 161:169 arg1 effect 141:146 The effect 137:146 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility 137:245 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 1 59 theme formation 161:169 arg1 enhancement 264:274 permeability enhancement 251:274 permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) 251:301 The effect of composite formation between α-glucosyl stevia (Stevia-G) and hydrophilic polymers on solubility and permeability enhancement of quercetin hydrate (QUE) was evaluated. 30653971 4 60 theme Stevia-G 656:663 arg1 aggregate 665:673 Stevia-G aggregate 656:673 Stevia-G aggregate 656:673 Furthermore, the strength of interaction between Stevia-G aggregate and polymers was as follows: PVP > HPMC > HPC. 31669271 1 0 from presence 305:312 arg1 water 336:340 water 336:340 water 336:340 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 6 1 from study 1162:1166 arg1 bed 1179:1181 a fixed bed 1171:1181 a fixed bed 1171:1181 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 2 theme batch 1076:1080 arg1 study 1082:1086 a batch study 1074:1086 a batch study 1074:1086 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 4 3 theme pH 793:794 arg1 test 810:813 pH reversibility test 793:813 pH reversibility test 793:813 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 3 4 dep blue 576:579 arg1 BCB 582:584 BCB 582:584 BCB 582:584 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 3 5 theme dye 546:548 arg1 adsorption 520:529 adsorption 520:529 adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water 520:596 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 7 6 theme dye 1265:1267 arg1 adsorption 1269:1278 dye adsorption 1265:1278 dye adsorption 1265:1278 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 3 7 theme blue 576:579 arg1 dye 546:548 a synthetic dye 534:548 a synthetic dye 534:548 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 4 8 theme charge 830:835 arg1 study 843:847 charge (PZC) study 830:847 point zero charge (PZC) study 819:847 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 7 9 theme rate 1257:1260 arg1 effect 1188:1193 The effect 1184:1193 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption 1184:1278 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 0 10 theme bed 133:135 arg1 column 137:142 a fixed bed column 125:142 a fixed bed column 125:142 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 4 11 theme PZC 838:840 arg1 study 843:847 charge (PZC) study 830:847 point zero charge (PZC) study 819:847 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 7 12 theme volumetric 1241:1250 arg1 rate 1257:1260 volumetric flow rate 1241:1260 volumetric flow rate 1241:1260 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 6 13 theme optimum 1114:1120 arg1 performance 1122:1132 optimum performance 1114:1132 optimum performance 1114:1132 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 7 14 theme concentration 1223:1235 arg1 effect 1188:1193 The effect 1184:1193 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption 1184:1278 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 0 15 theme adsorbent 67:75 arg1 copolymer 57:65 composite copolymer 47:65 composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water 47:120 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 8 16 theme photocatalytic 1374:1387 arg1 degradation 1389:1399 The photocatalytic degradation 1370:1399 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation 1370:1492 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 1 17 theme alginate 324:331 arg1 presence 305:312 the presence 301:312 the presence of sodium alginate in water 301:340 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 8 18 theme heterocyclic 1408:1419 arg1 dye 1421:1423 the heterocyclic dye 1404:1423 the heterocyclic dye 1404:1423 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 0 19 theme dye 107:109 arg1 adsorption 81:90 adsorption 81:90 adsorption of a synthetic dye from water 81:120 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 4 20 from AgClNP 685:690 arg1 matrix 729:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 6 21 theme response 988:995 arg1 RSM 1018:1020 RSM 1018:1020 RSM 1018:1020 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 21 theme response 988:995 arg1 methodology 1005:1015 response surface methodology 988:1015 response surface methodology (RSM) 988:1021 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 4 22 theme adsorbent 674:682 arg1 AgClNP 685:690 AgClNP 685:690 AgClNP 685:690 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 0 23 theme Nano 0:3 arg1 chloride 12:19 Nano silver chloride 0:19 Nano silver chloride 0:19 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 1 24 theme hydroxyethyl 265:276 arg1 HEMA 292:295 HEMA 292:295 HEMA 292:295 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 1 24 theme hydroxyethyl 265:276 arg1 methacrylate 278:289 hydroxyethyl methacrylate 265:289 hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) 265:296 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 4 25 theme AgClNP 685:690 arg1 formation 657:665 The formation 653:665 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix 653:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 7 26 theme adsorption 1301:1310 arg1 data 1312:1315 the adsorption data 1297:1315 the adsorption data 1297:1315 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 7 27 theme bed 1198:1200 arg1 height 1202:1207 bed height 1198:1207 bed height 1198:1207 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 6 28 from response 1062:1069 arg1 study 1082:1086 a batch study 1074:1086 a batch study 1074:1086 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 29 theme composite 962:970 arg1 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 29 theme composite 962:970 arg1 design 972:977 a central composite design 952:977 a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) 952:1021 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 2 30 theme coprecipitation 431:445 arg1 method 447:452 coprecipitation method 431:452 coprecipitation method 431:452 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 3 31 theme composite 469:477 arg1 adsorbents 495:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 0 32 theme composite 47:55 arg1 copolymer 57:65 composite copolymer 47:65 composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water 47:120 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 4 33 theme polymer 721:727 arg1 matrix 729:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 4 34 from formation 657:665 arg1 matrix 729:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 8 35 theme radiation 1484:1492 arg1 presence 1469:1476 the presence 1465:1476 the presence of UV radiation 1465:1492 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 3 36 theme continuous 614:623 arg1 mode 625:628 continuous mode 614:628 continuous mode in a fixed bed column 614:650 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 3 37 used used 511:514 arg2 adsorbents 495:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 2 38 theme chloride 350:357 arg1 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 2 38 theme chloride 350:357 arg1 particles 364:372 Silver chloride nano particles 343:372 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) 343:381 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 1 39 theme acrylic 243:249 arg1 AA 257:258 AA 257:258 AA 257:258 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 1 39 theme acrylic 243:249 arg1 acid 251:254 acrylic acid 243:254 acrylic acid (AA) 243:259 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 0 40 from water 116:120 arg1 adsorption 81:90 adsorption 81:90 adsorption of a synthetic dye from water 81:120 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 3 41 from mode 625:628 arg1 column 645:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 3 42 theme functional 484:493 arg1 adsorbents 495:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 7 43 theme Clark 1357:1361 arg1 model 1363:1367 Clark model 1357:1367 Clark model 1357:1367 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 4 44 theme reversibility 796:808 arg1 test 810:813 pH reversibility test 793:813 pH reversibility test 793:813 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 6 45 theme methodology 1005:1015 arg1 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 45 theme methodology 1005:1015 arg1 design 972:977 a central composite design 952:977 a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) 952:1021 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 3 46 from water 592:596 arg1 adsorption 520:529 adsorption 520:529 adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water 520:596 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 3 47 theme fixed 635:639 arg1 column 645:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 6 48 theme fixed 1173:1177 arg1 bed 1179:1181 a fixed bed 1171:1181 a fixed bed 1171:1181 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 49 used used 1146:1149 arg2 adsorbent 1096:1104 adsorbent 1096:1104 adsorbent 1096:1104 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 7 50 theme close 1324:1328 arg1 fitting 1330:1336 close fitting 1324:1336 close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model 1324:1367 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 0 51 theme photocatalytic 152:165 arg1 reduction 167:175 its photocatalytic reduction 148:175 its photocatalytic reduction 148:175 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 6 52 theme column 1155:1160 arg1 study 1162:1166 column study 1155:1166 column study in a fixed bed 1155:1181 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 53 theme synthesis 899:907 arg1 parameters 921:930 The synthesis and process parameters 895:930 parameters 921:930 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 53 theme synthesis 899:907 arg1 response 1062:1069 response 1062:1069 response in a batch study 1062:1086 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 1 54 attach presence 305:312 arg1 water 336:340 water 336:340 water 336:340 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 1 54 attach presence 305:312 arg2 alginate 324:331 sodium alginate 317:331 sodium alginate 317:331 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 1 55 theme functional 186:195 arg1 adsorbents 197:206 Several functional adsorbents 178:206 Several functional adsorbents 178:206 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 8 56 from adsorbent 1452:1460 arg1 presence 1469:1476 the presence 1465:1476 the presence of UV radiation 1465:1492 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 0 57 theme fixed 127:131 arg1 column 137:142 a fixed bed column 125:142 a fixed bed column 125:142 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 1 58 theme Several 178:184 arg1 adsorbents 197:206 Several functional adsorbents 178:206 Several functional adsorbents 178:206 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 4 59 dep AgClNP 685:690 arg1 the 670:672 the 670:672 the 670:672 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 8 60 from presence 1469:1476 arg1 adsorbent 1452:1460 adsorbent 1452:1460 adsorbent 1452:1460 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 3 61 theme synthetic 536:544 arg1 dye 546:548 a synthetic dye 534:548 a synthetic dye 534:548 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 6 62 theme central 954:960 arg1 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 CCD 980:982 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 62 theme central 954:960 arg1 design 972:977 a central composite design 952:977 a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) 952:1021 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 7 63 theme flow 1252:1255 arg1 rate 1257:1260 volumetric flow rate 1241:1260 volumetric flow rate 1241:1260 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 4 64 from matrix 729:734 arg1 formation 657:665 The formation 653:665 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix 653:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 1 65 theme sodium 317:322 arg1 alginate 324:331 sodium alginate 317:331 sodium alginate 317:331 Several functional adsorbents were synthesized by copolymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of sodium alginate in water. 31669271 0 66 theme synthetic 97:105 arg1 dye 107:109 a synthetic dye 95:109 a synthetic dye 95:109 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 4 67 from incorporation 700:712 arg1 matrix 729:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 the polymer matrix 717:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 6 68 theme process 913:919 arg1 parameters 921:930 The synthesis and process parameters 895:930 parameters 921:930 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 68 theme process 913:919 arg1 response 1062:1069 response 1062:1069 response in a batch study 1062:1086 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 8 69 theme dye 1421:1423 arg1 degradation 1389:1399 The photocatalytic degradation 1370:1399 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation 1370:1492 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 6 70 theme surface 997:1003 arg1 RSM 1018:1020 RSM 1018:1020 RSM 1018:1020 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 6 70 theme surface 997:1003 arg1 methodology 1005:1015 response surface methodology 988:1015 response surface methodology (RSM) 988:1021 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 4 71 theme incorporation 700:712 arg1 formation 657:665 The formation 653:665 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix 653:734 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 0 72 theme silver 5:10 arg1 chloride 12:19 Nano silver chloride 0:19 Nano silver chloride 0:19 Nano silver chloride and alginate incorporated composite copolymer adsorbent for adsorption of a synthetic dye from water in a fixed bed column and its photocatalytic reduction. 31669271 5 73 theme network 854:860 arg1 parameters 862:871 The network parameters 850:871 The network parameters 850:871 The network parameters were also determined. 31669271 7 74 theme height 1202:1207 arg1 effect 1188:1193 The effect 1184:1193 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption 1184:1278 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 2 75 theme polymer 413:419 arg1 matrix 421:426 the polymer matrix 409:426 the polymer matrix 409:426 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 2 76 theme nano 359:362 arg1 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 2 76 theme nano 359:362 arg1 particles 364:372 Silver chloride nano particles 343:372 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) 343:381 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 4 77 dep point 819:823 arg1 study 843:847 charge (PZC) study 830:847 point zero charge (PZC) study 819:847 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 7 78 theme influent 1210:1217 arg1 concentration 1223:1235 influent dye concentration 1210:1235 influent dye concentration 1210:1235 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 7 79 from effect 1188:1193 arg1 adsorption 1269:1278 dye adsorption 1265:1278 dye adsorption 1265:1278 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 6 80 theme adsorption 1039:1048 arg1 capacity 1050:1057 adsorption capacity 1039:1057 adsorption capacity 1039:1057 The synthesis and process parameters were optimized with a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) with respect to adsorption capacity as response in a batch study and the adsorbent showing optimum performance was further used for column study in a fixed bed. 31669271 8 81 theme UV 1481:1482 arg1 radiation 1484:1492 UV radiation 1481:1492 UV radiation 1481:1492 The photocatalytic degradation of the heterocyclic dye by the AgClNP incorporated adsorbent in the presence of UV radiation was also studied. 31669271 4 82 theme pH 761:762 arg1 sensitivity 764:774 pH sensitivity 761:774 pH sensitivity 761:774 The formation of the adsorbent, AgClNP and its incorporation in the polymer matrix were characterized while pH sensitivity was studied with pH reversibility test and point zero charge (PZC) study. 31669271 3 83 theme type 479:482 arg1 adsorbents 495:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 3 84 theme resulting 459:467 arg1 adsorbents 495:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents 455:504 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 7 85 theme dye 1219:1221 arg1 concentration 1223:1235 influent dye concentration 1210:1235 influent dye concentration 1210:1235 The effect of bed height, influent dye concentration and volumetric flow rate on dye adsorption were studied and the adsorption data showed close fitting to Adam-Bohart and Clark model. 31669271 3 86 theme bed 641:643 arg1 column 645:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 a fixed bed column 633:650 The resulting composite type functional adsorbents were used for adsorption of a synthetic dye, namely, brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) from water in batch and in continuous mode in a fixed bed column. 31669271 2 87 theme Silver 343:348 arg1 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 AgClNP 375:380 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 31669271 2 87 theme Silver 343:348 arg1 particles 364:372 Silver chloride nano particles 343:372 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) 343:381 Silver chloride nano particles (AgClNP) were also incorporated in the polymer matrix by coprecipitation method. 30040824 0 0 from α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase 14:40 arg1 xylan 64:68 substituted xylan 52:68 substituted xylan 52:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 1 1 theme wheat 183:187 arg1 compost 201:207 wheat straw based compost 183:207 wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production 183:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 3 2 from fungus 573:578 arg1 absent 541:546 absent 541:546 absent 541:546 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 6 3 theme substituted 1043:1053 arg1 residues 1063:1070 the doubly substituted xylosyl residues 1032:1070 the doubly substituted xylosyl residues 1032:1070 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 0 4 theme compost 87:93 arg1 degradation 95:105 compost degradation 87:105 compost degradation 87:105 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 5 5 from degradation 800:810 arg1 assay 872:876 an in vitro assay 860:876 an in vitro assay 860:876 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 3 6 from absent 541:546 arg1 fungus 573:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 1 7 theme straw 189:193 arg1 compost 201:207 wheat straw based compost 183:207 wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production 183:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 4 8 theme hgh43 606:610 arg1 gene 612:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene 587:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens 587:636 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 5 9 theme active 760:765 arg1 AXHd3 767:771 active AXHd3 760:771 active AXHd3 in compost 760:782 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 0 10 from Production 0:9 arg1 xylan 64:68 substituted xylan 52:68 substituted xylan 52:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 4 11 dep bisporus 658:665 arg1 A. 655:656 A. bisporus 655:665 A. bisporus 655:665 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 2 12 theme compost 309:315 arg1 polysaccharides 317:331 the compost polysaccharides 305:331 the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development 305:402 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 4 13 theme Humicola 620:627 arg1 insolens 629:636 Humicola insolens 620:636 Humicola insolens 620:636 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 6 14 theme substitution 938:949 arg1 degree 917:922 degree 917:922 degree 917:922 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 6 14 theme substitution 938:949 arg1 composition 901:911 carbohydrate composition 888:911 carbohydrate composition 888:911 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 6 15 theme arabinosyl 927:936 arg1 substitution 938:949 arabinosyl substitution 927:949 arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans 927:966 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 4 16 theme mushroom 721:728 arg1 yield 730:734 mushroom yield 721:734 mushroom yield 721:734 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 0 17 from xylan 64:68 arg1 Production 0:9 Production 0:9 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan 0:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 3 18 theme forming 565:571 arg1 fungus 573:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 1 19 theme based 195:199 arg1 compost 201:207 wheat straw based compost 183:207 wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production 183:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 0 20 theme substituted 52:62 arg1 xylan 64:68 substituted xylan 52:68 substituted xylan 52:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 2 21 theme % 300:300 arg1 part 285:288 part 285:288 part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development 285:402 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 5 22 theme arabinoxylan 834:845 arg1 oligomers 847:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 5 23 theme oligomers 847:855 arg1 degradation 800:810 the degradation 796:810 the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay 796:876 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 0 24 theme active 42:47 arg1 α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase 14:40 α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active 14:47 α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan 14:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 2 25 dep bisporus 361:368 arg1 A. 358:359 A. bisporus 358:368 A. bisporus 358:368 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 1 26 theme commercial 218:227 arg1 production 238:247 commercial mushroom production 218:247 commercial mushroom production 218:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 0 27 theme α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase 14:40 arg1 Production 0:9 Production 0:9 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan 0:68 Production of α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus. 30040824 4 28 theme encoding 597:604 arg1 gene 612:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene 587:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens 587:636 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 2 29 theme polysaccharides 317:331 arg1 % 300:300 the ~40% 293:300 the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development 293:402 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 2 29 theme polysaccharides 317:331 arg1 polysaccharides 317:331 the compost polysaccharides 305:331 the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development 305:402 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 6 30 theme arabinoxylans 954:966 arg1 substitution 938:949 arabinosyl substitution 927:949 arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans 927:966 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 1 31 theme mushroom 229:236 arg1 production 238:247 commercial mushroom production 218:247 commercial mushroom production 218:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 3 32 theme AXHd3 449:453 arg1 enzymes 456:462 α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes 420:462 α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues 420:535 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 4 33 theme AXHd3 591:595 arg1 gene 612:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene 587:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens 587:636 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 6 34 theme carbohydrate 888:899 arg1 composition 901:911 carbohydrate composition 888:911 carbohydrate composition 888:911 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 3 35 theme xylosyl 476:482 arg1 residues 484:491 xylosyl residues 476:491 xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues 476:535 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 3 36 theme α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase 420:446 arg1 enzymes 456:462 α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes 420:462 α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues 420:535 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 5 37 from AXHd3 767:771 arg1 compost 776:782 compost 776:782 compost 776:782 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 2 38 theme substituted 257:267 arg1 arabinoxylan 269:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan 250:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan 250:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 5 39 theme substituted 822:832 arg1 oligomers 847:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 2 40 theme Double 250:255 arg1 arabinoxylan 269:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan 250:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan 250:280 Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. 30040824 4 41 theme substrate 695:703 arg1 utilization 705:715 its substrate utilization 691:715 its substrate utilization 691:715 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 1 42 dep consumes 147:154 arg1 contained 170:178 contained 170:178 consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production 147:247 Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. 30040824 3 43 theme arabinosyl 517:526 arg1 residues 528:535 arabinosyl residues 517:535 arabinosyl residues 517:535 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 4 44 theme insolens 629:636 arg1 gene 612:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene 587:615 the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens 587:636 Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. 30040824 5 45 dep in 863:864 arg1 vitro 866:870 vitro 866:870 vitro 866:870 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 5 46 theme in 863:864 arg1 assay 872:876 an in vitro assay 860:876 an in vitro assay 860:876 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 6 47 theme residues 1063:1070 arg1 inaccessibility 1013:1027 inaccessibility 1013:1027 inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues 1013:1070 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 30040824 5 48 theme double 815:820 arg1 oligomers 847:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers 815:855 Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. 30040824 3 49 theme mushroom 556:563 arg1 fungus 573:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 this mushroom forming fungus 551:578 Genes encoding α-1,3-l-arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. 30040824 6 50 theme xylosyl 1055:1061 arg1 residues 1063:1070 the doubly substituted xylosyl residues 1032:1070 the doubly substituted xylosyl residues 1032:1070 However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. 29735037 4 0 theme molecules 889:897 arg1 stability 871:879 the stability 867:879 the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC 867:905 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 6 1 theme food 1208:1211 arg1 molecules 1223:1231 food bioactive molecules 1208:1231 food bioactive molecules 1208:1231 This work demonstrates a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules. 29735037 1 2 theme shell 157:161 arg1 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 2 theme shell 157:161 arg1 chitosan 172:179 a double shell material chitosan 148:179 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 2 3 dep  × 105 M-1 579:588 arg1 of 564:565 of 564:565 of 564:565 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 5 4 theme ferritin 1110:1117 arg1 uptake 1119:1124 ferritin uptake 1110:1124 ferritin uptake 1110:1124 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 0 5 theme Simulated 87:95 arg1 digestion 97:105 Simulated digestion 87:105 Simulated digestion 87:105 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 1 6 theme material 163:170 arg1 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 6 theme material 163:170 arg1 chitosan 172:179 a double shell material chitosan 148:179 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 0 7 theme absorption 111:120 arg1 evaluation 122:131 absorption evaluation 111:131 absorption evaluation 111:131 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 0 8 from Nano-encapsulation 0:17 arg1 shells 79:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 2 9 theme constant 553:560 arg1 K 562:562 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 K 562:562 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 3 10 with cage 699:702 arg1 efficiency 726:735 an encapsulation efficiency 709:735 an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w) 709:750 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 5 11 theme chitosan-ferritin 993:1009 arg1 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 5 11 theme chitosan-ferritin 993:1009 arg1 shells 1018:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 3 12 theme % 744:744 arg1 efficiency 726:735 an encapsulation efficiency 709:735 an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w) 709:750 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 5 13 theme double 1011:1016 arg1 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 5 13 theme double 1011:1016 arg1 shells 1018:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 2 14 theme binding 545:551 arg1 K 562:562 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 K 562:562 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 15 theme electrostatic 476:488 arg1 interactions 490:501 electrostatic interactions 476:501 electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively 476:603 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 4 16 theme SDS-PAGE 753:760 arg1 analysis 762:769 SDS-PAGE analysis 753:769 SDS-PAGE analysis 753:769 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 2 17 theme self-assembly 395:407 arg1 advantages 366:375 advantages 366:375 advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin 366:423 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 1 18 theme chitosan 172:179 arg1 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 18 theme chitosan 172:179 arg1 ferritin 215:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin 148:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 3 19 theme EGCG 643:646 arg1 molecules 648:656 EGCG molecules 643:656 EGCG molecules 643:656 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 5 20 from addition 979:986 arg1 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 beneficial 1030:1039 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 5 20 from addition 979:986 arg1 shells 1018:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 the chitosan-ferritin double shells 989:1023 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 3 21 theme molecules 648:656 arg1 12.6 635:638 12.6 635:638 12.6 635:638 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 3 21 theme molecules 648:656 arg1 molecules 648:656 EGCG molecules 643:656 EGCG molecules 643:656 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 5 22 theme monolayer 1085:1093 arg1 model 1095:1099 the Caco-2 monolayer model 1074:1099 the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake 1074:1124 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 2 23 theme EGCG-loaded 304:314 arg1 EHF 330:332 EHF 330:332 EHF 330:332 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 23 theme EGCG-loaded 304:314 arg1 complex 321:327 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex 304:327 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) 304:333 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 5 24 from beneficial 1030:1039 arg1 addition 979:986 addition 979:986 addition 979:986 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 1 25 theme epigallocatechin 261:276 arg1 EGCG 287:290 EGCG 287:290 EGCG 287:290 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 25 theme epigallocatechin 261:276 arg1 gallate 278:284 epigallocatechin gallate 261:284 epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules 261:301 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 0 26 theme gallate 39:45 arg1 Nano-encapsulation 0:17 Nano-encapsulation 0:17 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 0:132 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 1 27 theme gallate 278:284 arg1 molecules 293:301 epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules 261:301 epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules 261:301 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 2 28 theme of 525:526 arg1 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 28 theme of 525:526 arg1  × 105 M-1 579:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 29 with interactions 490:501 arg1 K 562:562 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 K 562:562 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 29 with interactions 490:501 arg1 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 29 with interactions 490:501 arg1  × 105 M-1 579:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 1 30 theme -recombinant 185:196 arg1 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 30 theme -recombinant 185:196 arg1 ferritin 215:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin 148:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 0 31 theme epigallocatechin 22:37 arg1 gallate 39:45 epigallocatechin gallate 22:45 epigallocatechin gallate 22:45 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 2 32 theme n 523:523 arg1 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 32 theme n 523:523 arg1  × 105 M-1 579:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 1 33 theme soybean 198:204 arg1 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 33 theme soybean 198:204 arg1 ferritin 215:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin 148:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 2 34 theme number 516:521 arg1 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 34 theme number 516:521 arg1  × 105 M-1 579:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 35 theme reversible 384:393 arg1 self-assembly 395:407 the reversible self-assembly 380:407 the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin 380:423 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 6 36 theme novel 1152:1156 arg1 method 1158:1163 a novel method 1150:1163 a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules 1150:1231 This work demonstrates a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules. 29735037 4 37 theme simulated 942:950 arg1 tract 969:973 simulated gastrointestinal tract 942:973 simulated gastrointestinal tract 942:973 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 1 38 theme seed 206:209 arg1 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 38 theme seed 206:209 arg1 ferritin 215:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin 148:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 4 39 theme EGCG 884:887 arg1 molecules 889:897 EGCG molecules 884:897 EGCG molecules 884:897 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 2 40 theme binding 508:514 arg1 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K 508:562 4.1 ± 0.11 529:538 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 40 theme binding 508:514 arg1  × 105 M-1 579:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 (5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 568:588 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 41 theme ferritin 416:423 arg1 self-assembly 395:407 the reversible self-assembly 380:407 the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin 380:423 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 1 42 theme H-2 211:213 arg1 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 H-2F 225:228 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 42 theme H-2 211:213 arg1 ferritin 215:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin 148:222 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 2 43 theme EHF-CS 434:439 arg1 EHFC 452:455 EHFC 452:455 EHFC 452:455 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 43 theme EHF-CS 434:439 arg1 composite 441:449 the EHF-CS composite 430:449 the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) 430:456 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 5 44 theme EGCG 1062:1065 arg1 transport 1049:1057 the transport 1045:1057 the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake 1045:1124 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 3 45 theme H-2F 685:688 arg1 cage 699:702 one H-2F ferritin cage 681:702 one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w) 681:750 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 0 46 theme ferritin-chitosan 54:70 arg1 shells 79:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 3 47 theme ferritin 690:697 arg1 cage 699:702 one H-2F ferritin cage 681:702 one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w) 681:750 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 5 48 theme Caco-2 1078:1083 arg1 model 1095:1099 the Caco-2 monolayer model 1074:1099 the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake 1074:1124 In addition, the chitosan-ferritin double shells were beneficial for the transport of EGCG across the Caco-2 monolayer model based on ferritin uptake. 29735037 6 49 theme molecules 1223:1231 arg1 absorption 1194:1203 absorption 1194:1203 absorption 1194:1203 This work demonstrates a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules. 29735037 6 49 theme molecules 1223:1231 arg1 stabilization 1176:1188 stabilization 1176:1188 stabilization 1176:1188 This work demonstrates a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules. 29735037 6 50 theme bioactive 1213:1221 arg1 molecules 1223:1231 food bioactive molecules 1208:1231 food bioactive molecules 1208:1231 This work demonstrates a novel method to promote stabilization and absorption of food bioactive molecules. 29735037 4 51 theme gastrointestinal 952:967 arg1 tract 969:973 simulated gastrointestinal tract 942:973 simulated gastrointestinal tract 942:973 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 2 52 theme H-2F 316:319 arg1 EHF 330:332 EHF 330:332 EHF 330:332 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 2 52 theme H-2F 316:319 arg1 complex 321:327 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex 304:327 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) 304:333 EGCG-loaded H-2F complex (EHF) was firstly prepared by taking advantages of the reversible self-assembly of the ferritin, and the EHF-CS composite (EHFC) was fabricated by electrostatic interactions with binding number n of (4.1 ± 0.11) and binding constant K of ((5.3 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1), respectively. 29735037 4 53 theme CS 790:791 arg1 binding 793:799 the CS binding 786:799 the CS binding to H-2F 786:807 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 4 54 theme ferritin 823:830 arg1 degradation 832:842 ferritin degradation 823:842 ferritin degradation 823:842 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29735037 3 55 theme encapsulation 712:724 arg1 efficiency 726:735 an encapsulation efficiency 709:735 an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w) 709:750 It was calculated that about 12.6 of EGCG molecules can be encapsulated in one H-2F ferritin cage with an encapsulation efficiency of 9.69% (w/w). 29735037 0 56 theme double 72:77 arg1 shells 79:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 the ferritin-chitosan double shells 50:84 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 0 57 dep Nano-encapsulation 0:17 arg1 digestion 97:105 Simulated digestion 87:105 Simulated digestion 87:105 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 0 57 dep Nano-encapsulation 0:17 arg1 evaluation 122:131 absorption evaluation 111:131 absorption evaluation 111:131 Nano-encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate in the ferritin-chitosan double shells: Simulated digestion and absorption evaluation. 29735037 1 58 theme double 150:155 arg1 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 CS 182:183 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 1 58 theme double 150:155 arg1 chitosan 172:179 a double shell material chitosan 148:179 a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) 148:229 In this work, a double shell material chitosan (CS)-recombinant soybean seed H-2 ferritin (H-2F) was fabricated to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) molecules. 29735037 4 59 from stability 871:879 arg1 EHFC 902:905 EHFC 902:905 EHFC 902:905 SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the CS binding to H-2F could inhibit ferritin degradation by pepsin and trypsin; the stability of EGCG molecules in EHFC was also significantly improved in simulated gastrointestinal tract. 29377120 0 0 theme Intestinal 100:109 arg1 Lines 127:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 1 theme allergic 1121:1128 arg1 disease 1130:1136 allergic disease 1121:1136 allergic disease 1121:1136 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 4 2 theme antibody 839:846 arg1 complex 848:854 antigen antibody complex 831:854 antigen antibody complex 831:854 In contrast, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) selectively inhibited CCL20 release in response to antigen antibody complex in a PPARγ independent manner. 29377120 2 3 theme HMOs 378:381 arg1 effects 367:373 the beneficial effects 352:373 the beneficial effects of HMOs 352:381 Understanding the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of HMOs is important to realizing their therapeutic potential. 29377120 6 4 from potential 1205:1213 arg1 allergy 1240:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 0 5 theme Human 94:98 arg1 Lines 127:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 7 6 theme Ag-IgE 1415:1420 arg1 activation 1430:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation 1415:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells 1415:1465 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 4 7 theme antigen 831:837 arg1 complex 848:854 antigen antibody complex 831:854 antigen antibody complex 831:854 In contrast, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) selectively inhibited CCL20 release in response to antigen antibody complex in a PPARγ independent manner. 29377120 9 8 theme direct 1758:1763 arg1 modulation 1765:1774 direct modulation 1758:1774 direct modulation of immune responses 1758:1794 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 0 9 theme Cell 122:125 arg1 Lines 127:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 7 10 theme complex 1422:1428 arg1 activation 1430:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation 1415:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells 1415:1465 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 5 11 theme different 939:947 arg1 oligosaccharides 949:964 structurally different oligosaccharides 926:964 structurally different oligosaccharides 926:964 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 8 12 theme biological 1619:1628 arg1 activities 1630:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. 29377120 0 13 theme Epithelial 111:120 arg1 Lines 127:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 94:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 3 14 theme transcription 705:717 arg1 NFκB 736:739 NFκB 736:739 NFκB 736:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 14 theme transcription 705:717 arg1 AP-1 727:730 AP-1 727:730 AP-1 727:730 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 14 theme transcription 705:717 arg1 factors 719:725 the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 701:739 the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 701:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 6 15 theme HMOs 1227:1230 arg1 potential 1205:1213 the therapeutic potential 1189:1213 the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy 1189:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 1 16 from interest 159:166 arg1 use 175:177 the use 171:177 the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 171:266 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 3 17 theme chemokine 506:514 arg1 release 533:539 chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release 506:539 chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 506:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 1 18 theme therapeutic 271:281 arg1 strategies 283:292 therapeutic strategies 271:292 therapeutic strategies for food allergy 271:309 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 9 19 theme responses 1786:1794 arg1 modulation 1765:1774 direct modulation 1758:1774 direct modulation of immune responses 1758:1794 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 3 20 theme factors 719:725 arg1 activity 689:696 decreased activity 679:696 decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 679:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 6 21 theme specific 1218:1225 arg1 HMOs 1227:1230 specific HMOs 1218:1230 specific HMOs 1218:1230 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 8 22 contain have 1605:1608 arg2 activities 1630:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. 29377120 8 22 contain have 1605:1608 arg1 oligosaccharides 1588:1603 structurally different oligosaccharides 1565:1603 structurally different oligosaccharides 1565:1603 The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. 29377120 5 23 contain have 966:969 arg1 oligosaccharides 949:964 structurally different oligosaccharides 926:964 structurally different oligosaccharides 926:964 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 5 23 contain have 966:969 arg2 activities 991:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 2 24 theme therapeutic 415:425 arg1 potential 427:435 their therapeutic potential 409:435 their therapeutic potential 409:435 Understanding the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of HMOs is important to realizing their therapeutic potential. 29377120 8 25 theme distinct 1610:1617 arg1 activities 1630:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 distinct biological activities 1610:1639 The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. 29377120 5 26 theme distinct 971:978 arg1 activities 991:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 1 27 theme dietary 182:188 arg1 ingredients 190:200 dietary ingredients 182:200 dietary ingredients 182:200 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 1 27 theme dietary 182:188 arg1 prebiotics 213:222 prebiotics 213:222 prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 213:265 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 0 28 theme Milk 6:9 arg1 Oligosaccharides 11:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides 0:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides 0:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 6 29 theme potential 1205:1213 arg1 investigation 1172:1184 further investigation 1164:1184 further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy 1164:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 3 30 theme HT-29 555:559 arg1 cells 561:565 T-84 and HT-29 cells 546:565 cells 561:565 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 1 31 theme ingredients 190:200 arg1 use 175:177 the use 171:177 the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 171:266 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 0 32 theme Human 0:4 arg1 Oligosaccharides 11:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides 0:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides 0:26 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 33 theme related 1110:1116 arg1 responses 1100:1108 human epithelial cell responses 1078:1108 human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease 1078:1136 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 6 34 theme therapeutic 1193:1203 arg1 potential 1205:1213 the therapeutic potential 1189:1213 the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy 1189:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 6 35 theme food 1235:1238 arg1 allergy 1240:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 7 36 dep APPLICATION 1259:1269 arg1 provides 1282:1289 provides 1282:1289 provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role 1282:1361 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 7 36 dep APPLICATION 1259:1269 arg1 demonstrates 1367:1378 demonstrates 1367:1378 demonstrates 1367:1378 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 9 37 theme formula 1683:1689 arg1 composition 1661:1671 the composition 1657:1671 the composition of infant formula 1657:1689 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 6 38 theme further 1164:1170 arg1 investigation 1172:1184 further investigation 1164:1184 further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy 1164:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 3 39 theme T-84 546:549 arg1 cells 561:565 T-84 and HT-29 cells 546:565 cells 561:565 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 7 40 contain have 1476:1479 arg1 modulation 1401:1410 modulation 1401:1410 modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy 1401:1519 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 7 40 contain have 1476:1479 arg2 implications 1491:1502 important implications 1481:1502 important implications for food-allergy 1481:1519 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 1 41 theme food 298:301 arg1 allergy 303:309 food allergy 298:309 food allergy 298:309 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 7 42 theme important 1481:1489 arg1 implications 1491:1502 important implications 1481:1502 important implications for food-allergy 1481:1519 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 9 43 theme infant 1676:1681 arg1 formula 1683:1689 infant formula 1676:1689 infant formula 1676:1689 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 3 44 theme antigen-antibody 583:598 arg1 complex 600:606 antigen-antibody complex 583:606 antigen-antibody complex 583:606 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 7 45 theme first 1389:1393 arg1 time 1395:1398 the first time 1385:1398 the first time 1385:1398 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 0 46 theme Antigen-Antibody 38:53 arg1 Complex 55:61 Antigen-Antibody Complex 38:61 Antigen-Antibody Complex 38:61 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 47 theme human 1078:1082 arg1 responses 1100:1108 human epithelial cell responses 1078:1108 human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease 1078:1136 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 4 48 dep complex 848:854 arg1 response 819:826 response 819:826 response 819:826 In contrast, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) selectively inhibited CCL20 release in response to antigen antibody complex in a PPARγ independent manner. 29377120 8 49 theme different 1578:1586 arg1 oligosaccharides 1588:1603 structurally different oligosaccharides 1565:1603 structurally different oligosaccharides 1565:1603 The study also reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities. 29377120 7 50 theme PRACTICAL 1249:1257 arg1 APPLICATION 1259:1269 PRACTICAL APPLICATION 1249:1269 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 1249:1520 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 0 51 theme Chemokine 71:79 arg1 Release 81:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release 38:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 38:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 52 theme epithelial 1084:1093 arg1 responses 1100:1108 human epithelial cell responses 1078:1108 human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease 1078:1136 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 9 53 theme oligosaccharides 1704:1719 arg1 addition 1692:1699 addition 1692:1699 addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures 1692:1744 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 4 54 theme CCL20 802:806 arg1 release 808:814 CCL20 release 802:814 CCL20 release 802:814 In contrast, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) selectively inhibited CCL20 release in response to antigen antibody complex in a PPARγ independent manner. 29377120 0 55 theme Induced 63:69 arg1 Release 81:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release 38:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 38:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 56 theme cell 1095:1098 arg1 responses 1100:1108 human epithelial cell responses 1078:1108 human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease 1078:1136 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 7 57 theme activation 1430:1439 arg1 modulation 1401:1410 modulation 1401:1410 modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy 1401:1519 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 7 58 theme cells 1461:1465 arg1 activation 1430:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation 1415:1439 Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells 1415:1465 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 5 59 theme first 1026:1030 arg1 time 1032:1035 the first time 1022:1035 the first time 1022:1035 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 2 60 theme beneficial 356:365 arg1 effects 367:373 the beneficial effects 352:373 the beneficial effects of HMOs 352:381 Understanding the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of HMOs is important to realizing their therapeutic potential. 29377120 6 61 from investigation 1172:1184 arg1 allergy 1240:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 food allergy 1235:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 3 62 dep factors 719:725 arg1 NFκB 736:739 NFκB 736:739 NFκB 736:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 62 dep factors 719:725 arg1 AP-1 727:730 AP-1 727:730 AP-1 727:730 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 62 dep factors 719:725 arg1 factors 719:725 the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 701:739 the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 701:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 9 63 theme specific 1726:1733 arg1 structures 1735:1744 specific structures 1726:1744 specific structures 1726:1744 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 0 64 from Lines 127:131 arg1 Release 81:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release 38:87 Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines 38:131 Human Milk Oligosaccharides Attenuate Antigen-Antibody Complex Induced Chemokine Release from Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines. 29377120 5 65 theme biological 980:989 arg1 activities 991:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 distinct biological activities 971:1000 This study reinforces the concept that structurally different oligosaccharides have distinct biological activities and identifies, for the first time, that the HMOs, 6'SL, and 2'FL, modulate human epithelial cell responses related to allergic disease. 29377120 9 66 theme allergy 1854:1860 arg1 symptoms 1822:1829 symptoms 1822:1829 symptoms 1822:1829 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 9 66 theme allergy 1854:1860 arg1 development 1834:1844 development 1834:1844 development of food allergy 1834:1860 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 3 67 dep release 533:539 arg1 effect 627:632 an effect 624:632 chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 506:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 67 dep release 533:539 arg1 dependent 649:657 dependent 649:657 dependent 649:657 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 67 dep release 533:539 arg1 CCL20 526:530 CCL20 526:530 CCL20 526:530 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 3 67 dep release 533:539 arg1 IL-8 517:520 IL-8 517:520 IL-8 517:520 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 7 68 theme prebiotic 1348:1356 arg1 role 1358:1361 their prebiotic role 1342:1361 their prebiotic role 1342:1361 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 1 69 theme human-milk 232:241 arg1 HMOs 261:264 HMOs 261:264 HMOs 261:264 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 1 69 theme human-milk 232:241 arg1 oligosaccharides 243:258 human-milk oligosaccharides 232:258 human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 232:265 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 4 70 theme independent 867:877 arg1 manner 879:884 a PPARγ independent manner 859:884 a PPARγ independent manner 859:884 In contrast, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) selectively inhibited CCL20 release in response to antigen antibody complex in a PPARγ independent manner. 29377120 7 71 theme human 1444:1448 arg1 cells 1461:1465 human epithelial cells 1444:1465 human epithelial cells 1444:1465 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 7 72 theme HMOs 1322:1325 arg1 effects 1311:1317 direct effects 1304:1317 direct effects of HMOs 1304:1325 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 1 73 theme increased 149:157 arg1 interest 159:166 increased interest 149:166 increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 149:266 There has been increased interest in the use of dietary ingredients, including prebiotics such as human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), as therapeutic strategies for food allergy. 29377120 7 74 theme epithelial 1450:1459 arg1 cells 1461:1465 human epithelial cells 1444:1465 human epithelial cells 1444:1465 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 7 75 theme direct 1304:1309 arg1 effects 1311:1317 direct effects 1304:1317 direct effects of HMOs 1304:1325 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 3 76 from cells 561:565 arg1 release 533:539 chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release 506:539 chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 506:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 6 77 from allergy 1240:1246 arg1 investigation 1172:1184 further investigation 1164:1184 further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy 1164:1246 These findings encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of specific HMOs in food allergy. 29377120 9 78 theme food 1849:1852 arg1 allergy 1854:1860 food allergy 1849:1860 food allergy 1849:1860 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 3 79 theme decreased 679:687 arg1 activity 689:696 decreased activity 679:696 decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB 679:739 Here we demonstrate that the HMO, 6'-sialyllactose (6'SL) inhibited chemokine (IL-8 and CCL20) release from T-84 and HT-29 cells stimulated with antigen-antibody complex, TNFα or PGE2 ; an effect that was PPARγ dependent and associated with decreased activity of the transcription factors AP-1 and NFκB. 29377120 9 80 with oligosaccharides 1704:1719 arg1 structures 1735:1744 specific structures 1726:1744 specific structures 1726:1744 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29377120 7 81 dep role 1358:1361 arg1 addition 1330:1337 addition 1330:1337 addition 1330:1337 PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study provides evidence for direct effects of HMOs in addition to their prebiotic role and demonstrates, for the first time, modulation of Ag-IgE complex activation of human epithelial cells that may have important implications for food-allergy. 29377120 9 82 theme immune 1779:1784 arg1 responses 1786:1794 immune responses 1779:1794 immune responses 1779:1794 In determining the composition of infant formula, addition of oligosaccharides with specific structures may provide direct modulation of immune responses and potentially attenuate symptoms or development of food allergy. 29803445 0 0 theme structural 78:87 arg1 features 89:96 structural features 78:96 structural features 78:96 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 3 1 theme structural 659:668 arg1 characterization 670:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization 635:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples 635:696 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 6 2 theme prolonged 1254:1262 arg1 times 1264:1268 prolonged times 1254:1268 prolonged times of analysis 1254:1280 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 6 3 theme FTIR 1144:1147 arg1 usefulness 1130:1139 the usefulness 1126:1139 the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters 1126:1196 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 1 4 theme inulins 159:165 arg1 types 150:154 Two types 146:154 Two types of inulins of different composition 146:190 Two types of inulins of different composition were investigated in the glassy and in the crystalline states, at relative humidities within 11 and 97%. 29803445 4 5 from spectra 844:850 arg1 CI 818:819 CI 818:819 CI 818:819 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 5 from spectra 844:850 arg1 Tg 806:807 Tg 806:807 Tg 806:807 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 5 from spectra 844:850 arg1 Tm 810:811 Tm 810:811 Tm 810:811 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 3 6 theme physical-chemical 637:653 arg1 characterization 670:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization 635:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples 635:696 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 5 7 theme unknown 1069:1075 arg1 samples 1077:1083 unknown samples 1069:1083 unknown samples 1069:1083 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 0 8 theme features 89:96 arg1 effect 68:73 the effect 64:73 the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins 64:143 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 3 9 theme samples 690:696 arg1 characterization 670:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization 635:685 a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples 635:696 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 4 10 theme reference 888:896 arg1 results 877:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 10 theme reference 888:896 arg1 methods 898:904 reference methods 888:904 reference methods 888:904 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 1 11 theme relative 258:265 arg1 humidities 267:276 relative humidities 258:276 relative humidities within 11 and 97% 258:294 Two types of inulins of different composition were investigated in the glassy and in the crystalline states, at relative humidities within 11 and 97%. 29803445 2 12 theme X-ray 475:479 arg1 WAXS 493:496 WAXS 493:496 WAXS 493:496 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 12 theme X-ray 475:479 arg1 scattering 481:490 wide-angle X-ray scattering 464:490 wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) 464:497 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 6 13 theme times 1264:1268 arg1 preparation 1227:1237 complex preparation 1219:1237 complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis 1219:1280 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 2 14 theme wide-angle 464:473 arg1 WAXS 493:496 WAXS 493:496 WAXS 493:496 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 14 theme wide-angle 464:473 arg1 scattering 481:490 wide-angle X-ray scattering 464:490 wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) 464:497 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 5 15 theme reference 980:988 arg1 R2 > 0.961 999:1008 R2 > 0.961 999:1008 R2 > 0.961 999:1008 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 5 15 theme reference 980:988 arg1 methods 990:996 the reference methods 976:996 the reference methods (R2 > 0.961) 976:1009 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 1 16 theme different 170:178 arg1 composition 180:190 different composition 170:190 different composition 170:190 Two types of inulins of different composition were investigated in the glassy and in the crystalline states, at relative humidities within 11 and 97%. 29803445 4 17 theme FTIR 839:842 arg1 spectra 844:850 the FTIR spectra 835:850 the FTIR spectra 835:850 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 6 18 theme models 1108:1113 arg1 robustness 1090:1099 The robustness 1086:1099 The robustness of the models 1086:1113 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 6 19 theme analysis 1273:1280 arg1 samples 1242:1248 samples 1242:1248 samples 1242:1248 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 6 19 theme analysis 1273:1280 arg1 times 1264:1268 prolonged times 1254:1268 prolonged times of analysis 1254:1280 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 3 20 theme parallel 517:524 arg1 assays 526:531 parallel assays 517:531 parallel assays 517:531 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 1 21 theme composition 180:190 arg1 inulins 159:165 inulins 159:165 inulins of different composition 159:190 Two types of inulins of different composition were investigated in the glassy and in the crystalline states, at relative humidities within 11 and 97%. 29803445 0 22 theme Infrared 0:7 arg1 spectroscopy 9:20 Infrared spectroscopy 0:20 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology 0:50 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 2 23 dep melting 301:307 arg1 Tg 348:349 Tg 348:349 Tg 348:349 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 23 dep melting 301:307 arg1 Tm 344:345 Tm 344:345 Tm 344:345 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 6 24 theme complex 1219:1225 arg1 preparation 1227:1237 complex preparation 1219:1237 complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis 1219:1280 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 3 25 theme transform-infrared 542:559 arg1 FTIR 575:578 FTIR 575:578 FTIR 575:578 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 3 25 theme transform-infrared 542:559 arg1 spectroscopy 561:572 transform-infrared spectroscopy 542:572 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) 534:625 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 5 26 theme PLS 1043:1045 arg1 models 1047:1052 the PLS models 1039:1052 the PLS models 1039:1052 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 3 27 theme component 602:610 arg1 PCA 622:624 PCA 622:624 PCA 622:624 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 3 27 theme component 602:610 arg1 analysis 612:619 principal component analysis 592:619 principal component analysis (PCA) 592:625 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 5 28 theme models 1047:1052 arg1 use 1032:1034 the use 1028:1034 the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples 1028:1083 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 0 29 theme physical-chemical 105:121 arg1 properties 123:132 the physical-chemical properties 101:132 the physical-chemical properties of inulins 101:143 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 2 30 theme crystallinity 363:375 arg1 CI 386:387 CI 386:387 CI 386:387 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 30 theme crystallinity 363:375 arg1 indexes 377:383 their crystallinity indexes 357:383 their crystallinity indexes (CI) 357:388 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 31 theme differential-scanning 419:439 arg1 MDSC 454:457 MDSC 454:457 MDSC 454:457 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 31 theme differential-scanning 419:439 arg1 calorimetry 441:451 modulated differential-scanning calorimetry 409:451 modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) 409:458 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 3 32 theme variance 727:734 arg1 % 712:712 90% 710:712 90% of the total variance 710:734 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 3 32 theme variance 727:734 arg1 variance 727:734 the total variance 717:734 the total variance 717:734 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 0 33 theme alternative 28:38 arg1 methodology 40:50 an alternative methodology 25:50 an alternative methodology 25:50 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 0 34 from effect 68:73 arg1 properties 123:132 the physical-chemical properties 101:132 the physical-chemical properties of inulins 101:143 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 4 35 theme square 760:765 arg1 models 773:778 partial least square (PLS) models 746:778 partial least square (PLS) models 746:778 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 36 dep square 760:765 arg1 PLS 768:770 PLS 768:770 PLS 768:770 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 2 37 theme modulated 409:417 arg1 MDSC 454:457 MDSC 454:457 MDSC 454:457 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 2 37 theme modulated 409:417 arg1 calorimetry 441:451 modulated differential-scanning calorimetry 409:451 modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) 409:458 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 3 38 theme principal 592:600 arg1 PCA 622:624 PCA 622:624 PCA 622:624 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 3 38 theme principal 592:600 arg1 analysis 612:619 principal component analysis 592:619 principal component analysis (PCA) 592:625 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 2 39 theme transition 319:328 arg1 temperatures 330:341 The melting and glass transition temperatures 297:341 temperatures 330:341 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 0 40 theme inulins 137:143 arg1 properties 123:132 the physical-chemical properties 101:132 the physical-chemical properties of inulins 101:143 Infrared spectroscopy as an alternative methodology to evaluate the effect of structural features on the physical-chemical properties of inulins. 29803445 6 41 theme physical-chemical 1169:1185 arg1 parameters 1187:1196 physical-chemical parameters 1169:1196 physical-chemical parameters 1169:1196 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 2 42 theme glass 313:317 arg1 temperatures 330:341 The melting and glass transition temperatures 297:341 temperatures 330:341 The melting and glass transition temperatures (Tm, Tg), and their crystallinity indexes (CI) were determined by modulated differential-scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), respectively. 29803445 4 43 theme MDSC 863:866 arg1 results 877:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 43 theme MDSC 863:866 arg1 methods 898:904 reference methods 888:904 reference methods 888:904 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 3 44 theme total 721:725 arg1 variance 727:734 the total variance 717:734 the total variance 717:734 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 5 45 theme predicted 933:941 arg1 values 943:948 predicted values 933:948 predicted values 933:948 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 6 46 theme samples 1242:1248 arg1 preparation 1227:1237 complex preparation 1219:1237 complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis 1219:1280 The robustness of the models underlines the usefulness of FTIR to easily determine physical-chemical parameters, otherwise requiring complex preparation of samples and prolonged times of analysis. 29803445 4 47 theme WAXS 872:875 arg1 results 877:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 the MDSC and WAXS results 859:883 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 4 47 theme WAXS 872:875 arg1 methods 898:904 reference methods 888:904 reference methods 888:904 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 5 48 theme values 943:948 arg1 mean 925:928 the mean 921:928 the mean of predicted values 921:948 In all cases, the mean of predicted values fitted very well those of the reference methods (R2 > 0.961), thus supporting the use of the PLS models to investigate unknown samples. 29803445 3 49 dep Fourier 534:540 arg1 FTIR 575:578 FTIR 575:578 FTIR 575:578 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 3 49 dep Fourier 534:540 arg1 spectroscopy 561:572 transform-infrared spectroscopy 542:572 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) 534:625 In parallel assays, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to principal component analysis (PCA) enabled a physical-chemical and structural characterization of samples, explaining 90% of the total variance. 29803445 4 50 theme partial 746:752 arg1 models 773:778 partial least square (PLS) models 746:778 partial least square (PLS) models 746:778 Finally, partial least square (PLS) models were defined to determine Tg, Tm, and CI directly from the FTIR spectra, using the MDSC and WAXS results as reference methods. 29803445 1 51 theme crystalline 235:245 arg1 states 247:252 the crystalline states 231:252 the crystalline states 231:252 Two types of inulins of different composition were investigated in the glassy and in the crystalline states, at relative humidities within 11 and 97%. 31745052 6 0 theme group 1224:1228 arg1 strength 1207:1214 the tensile strength 1195:1214 the tensile strength of each group 1195:1228 A diametric test was conducted consisting of three samples (n = 15) to measure the tensile strength of each group. 31745052 1 1 theme tooth 257:261 arg1 surface 242:248 the enamel surface 231:248 the enamel surface of the tooth 231:261 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 5 2 theme adhesive 733:740 arg1 bonding 742:748 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding 721:748 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding 721:748 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 9 3 theme diametric 1538:1546 arg1 test 1565:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 2 4 theme orthodontic 331:341 arg1 treatment 343:351 orthodontic treatment 331:351 orthodontic treatment 331:351 Streptococcus mutans contributes to enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment. 31745052 5 5 theme % 972:972 arg1 MMA 974:976 22.4% MMA 968:976 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition 968:1025 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 9 6 theme strength 1556:1563 arg1 test 1565:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 6 7 theme = 1178:1178 arg1 n 1176:1176 n = 15 1176:1181 n = 15 1176:1181 A diametric test was conducted consisting of three samples (n = 15) to measure the tensile strength of each group. 31745052 6 7 theme = 1178:1178 arg1 samples 1167:1173 three samples 1161:1173 three samples (n = 15) 1161:1182 A diametric test was conducted consisting of three samples (n = 15) to measure the tensile strength of each group. 31745052 7 8 theme difference 1321:1330 arg1 tests 1332:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 9 9 theme = 1728:1728 arg1 P 1726:1726 P = 0.009 1726:1734 K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009 1704:1734 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 10 10 theme CONCLUSION 1748:1757 arg1 bonding 1783:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding 1748:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength 1748:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 11 theme light 836:840 arg1 cure 842:845 commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 825:885 cure 842:845 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 12 theme 75 940:941 arg1 % 942:942 % 942:942 % 942:942 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 13 theme % 956:956 arg1 A1 1028:1029 A1 1028:1029 A1 1028:1029 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 13 theme % 956:956 arg1 Bis-GMA 958:964 17.6% Bis-GMA 952:964 17.6% Bis-GMA 952:964 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 0 14 from mutans 65:70 arg1 comparison 2:11 A comparison 0:11 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 0:157 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 9 15 dep K1 1704:1705 arg1 ± 1716:1716 15.6167 ± 3.1250 1708:1723 K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009 1704:1734 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 15 dep K1 1704:1705 arg1 P 1726:1726 P = 0.009 1726:1734 K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009 1704:1734 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 5 16 theme chitosan 1006:1013 arg1 composition 1015:1025 chitosan composition 1006:1025 chitosan composition 1006:1025 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 7 17 theme variance 1290:1297 arg1 analysis 1278:1285 one-way analysis 1270:1285 one-way analysis of variance 1270:1297 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 7 17 theme variance 1290:1297 arg1 tests 1332:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 5 18 theme control 804:810 arg1 groups 812:817 two control groups 800:817 six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 788:885 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 7 19 theme analysis 1278:1285 arg1 combination 1255:1265 a combination 1253:1265 a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests 1253:1336 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 10 20 theme adhesive 1774:1781 arg1 bonding 1783:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding 1748:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength 1748:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 1 21 theme Adhesive 170:177 arg1 bonding 179:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding 159:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding 159:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 1 21 theme Adhesive 170:177 arg1 material 194:201 the material 190:201 the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth 190:261 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 A3 1046:1047 A3 1046:1047 A3 1046:1047 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 A4 1059:1060 A4 1059:1060 A4 1059:1060 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 A2 1037:1038 A2 1037:1038 A2 1037:1038 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 % 1066:1066 100% 1063:1066 100% 1063:1066 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 % 1052:1052 75% 1050:1052 75% 1050:1052 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 % 1043:1043 50% 1041:1043 50% 1041:1043 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 22 dep A1 1028:1029 arg1 % 1034:1034 25% 1032:1034 25% 1032:1034 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 0 23 theme tensile 76:82 arg1 strength 84:91 tensile strength 76:91 tensile strength 76:91 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 3 24 theme inhibitory 394:403 arg1 effect 405:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect 376:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 376:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 4 25 theme experimental 584:595 arg1 research 597:604 laboratory experimental research 573:604 laboratory experimental research 573:604 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 5 26 with MMA 974:976 arg1 percentages 991:1001 various percentages 983:1001 various percentages of chitosan composition 983:1025 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 10 27 theme tensile 1801:1807 arg1 strength 1809:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 28 theme chitosan 708:715 arg1 effect 698:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 669:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans 669:777 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 29 dep groups 792:797 arg1 group 1074:1078 each group 1069:1078 each group consisting of two samples (n = 12) 1069:1113 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 29 dep groups 792:797 arg1 groups 812:817 two control groups 800:817 six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 788:885 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 3 30 theme CaCO3-based 482:492 arg1 material 511:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 5 31 theme adhesive 861:868 arg1 products 878:885 commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 825:885 products 878:885 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 7 32 theme one-way 1270:1276 arg1 analysis 1278:1285 one-way analysis 1270:1285 one-way analysis of variance 1270:1297 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 3 33 theme chitosan 469:476 arg1 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 3 33 theme chitosan 469:476 arg1 strength 457:464 tensile strength 449:464 tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 449:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 5 34 theme antibacterial 673:685 arg1 effect 698:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 669:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans 669:777 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 10 35 contain has 1818:1820 arg1 bonding 1783:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding 1748:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength 1748:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 10 35 contain has 1818:1820 arg2 effect 1850:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect 1822:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans 1822:1884 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 36 theme % 942:942 arg1 CaCO3 944:948 75% CaCO3 940:948 75% CaCO3 940:948 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 4 37 theme sampling 652:659 arg1 method 661:666 a random sampling method 643:666 a random sampling method 643:666 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 3 38 theme bonding 503:509 arg1 material 511:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 0 39 theme inhibitory 30:39 arg1 effect 41:46 antibacterial inhibitory effect 16:46 antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength 16:91 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 8 40 theme antibacterial 1350:1362 arg1 effect 1375:1380 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 1346:1380 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 1346:1380 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 6 41 theme tensile 1199:1205 arg1 strength 1207:1214 the tensile strength 1195:1214 the tensile strength of each group 1195:1228 A diametric test was conducted consisting of three samples (n = 15) to measure the tensile strength of each group. 31745052 8 42 theme P 1525:1525 arg1 < 1527:1527 P < 0.05 1525:1532 P < 0.05 1525:1532 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 10 43 theme antibacterial 1825:1837 arg1 effect 1850:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect 1822:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans 1822:1884 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 3 44 theme material 511:518 arg1 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 3 44 theme material 511:518 arg1 strength 457:464 tensile strength 449:464 tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 449:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 8 45 theme significant 1389:1399 arg1 differences 1401:1411 significant differences 1389:1411 significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05) 1389:1533 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 5 46 theme adhesive 909:916 arg1 bonding 918:924 adhesive bonding 909:924 adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) 909:1067 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 4 47 dep MATERIALS 521:529 arg1 constituted 561:571 constituted 561:571 constituted laboratory experimental research 561:604 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 10 48 theme Streptococcus 1865:1877 arg1 mutans 1879:1884 Streptococcus mutans 1865:1884 Streptococcus mutans 1865:1884 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 2 49 theme enamel 300:305 arg1 demineralization 307:322 enamel demineralization 300:322 enamel demineralization 300:322 Streptococcus mutans contributes to enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment. 31745052 8 50 dep RESULT 1339:1344 arg1 showed 1382:1387 showed 1382:1387 showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05) 1382:1533 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 5 51 theme CaCO3-based 721:731 arg1 bonding 742:748 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding 721:748 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding 721:748 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 10 52 with bonding 1783:1789 arg1 strength 1809:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 53 theme bonding 742:748 arg1 effect 698:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 669:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans 669:777 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 54 theme 22.4 968:971 arg1 % 972:972 % 972:972 % 972:972 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 9 55 theme tensile 1548:1554 arg1 test 1565:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test 1536:1568 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 6 56 theme diametric 1118:1126 arg1 test 1128:1131 A diametric test 1116:1131 A diametric test 1116:1131 A diametric test was conducted consisting of three samples (n = 15) to measure the tensile strength of each group. 31745052 0 57 theme commercial 138:147 arg1 products 149:156 commercial products 138:156 commercial products 138:156 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 0 58 from strength 84:91 arg1 comparison 2:11 A comparison 0:11 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 0:157 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 < 1739:1739 P < 0.05 1737:1744 P < 0.05 1737:1744 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 A4 1683:1684 A4 1683:1684 A4 1683:1684 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 K1 1704:1705 K1 1704:1705 K1 1704:1705 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 A2 1641:1642 A2 1641:1642 A2 1641:1642 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 A3 1662:1663 A3 1662:1663 A3 1662:1663 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 ± 1673:1673 6.4533 ± 2.9994 1666:1680 6.4533 ± 2.9994 1666:1680 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 ± 1694:1694 1.0058 ± 1.0058 1687:1701 1.0058 ± 1.0058 1687:1701 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 ± 1631:1631 7.2733 ± 5.0046 1624:1638 7.2733 ± 5.0046 1624:1638 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 9 59 dep A1 1620:1621 arg1 ± 1652:1652 6.7667 ± 4.4346 1645:1659 6.7667 ± 4.4346 1645:1659 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 60 dep A4 1492:1493 arg1 = 1515:1515 = 1515:1515 = 1515:1515 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 60 dep A4 1492:1493 arg1 ± 1503:1503 4.7267 ± 0.9238 1496:1510 A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000 1492:1522 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 5 61 theme 17.6 952:955 arg1 % 956:956 % 956:956 % 956:956 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 9 62 theme significant 1580:1590 arg1 differences 1592:1602 significant differences 1580:1602 significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05) 1580:1745 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 7 63 theme tests 1332:1336 arg1 combination 1255:1265 a combination 1253:1265 a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests 1253:1336 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 7 64 theme significant 1309:1319 arg1 tests 1332:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 least significant difference tests 1303:1336 Data were analyzed by a combination of one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference tests. 31745052 9 65 theme P 1737:1737 arg1 < 1739:1739 P < 0.05 1737:1744 P < 0.05 1737:1744 A diametric tensile strength test confirmed significant differences between groups (A1: 7.2733 ± 5.0046, A2: 6.7667 ± 4.4346, A3: 6.4533 ± 2.9994, A4: 1.0058 ± 1.0058, K1: 15.6167 ± 3.1250; P = 0.009; P < 0.05). 31745052 5 66 theme composition 1015:1025 arg1 percentages 991:1001 various percentages 983:1001 various percentages of chitosan composition 983:1025 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 67 theme bonding 870:876 arg1 products 878:885 commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 825:885 products 878:885 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 1 68 theme BACKGROUND 159:168 arg1 bonding 179:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding 159:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding 159:185 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 1 68 theme BACKGROUND 159:168 arg1 material 194:201 the material 190:201 the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth 190:261 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 4 69 theme laboratory 573:582 arg1 research 597:604 laboratory experimental research 573:604 laboratory experimental research 573:604 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 10 70 theme Chitosan-based 1759:1772 arg1 bonding 1783:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding 1748:1789 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength 1748:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 71 theme = 1109:1109 arg1 samples 1098:1104 two samples 1094:1104 two samples (n = 12) 1094:1113 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 71 theme = 1109:1109 arg1 n 1107:1107 n = 12 1107:1112 n = 12 1107:1112 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 5 72 theme various 983:989 arg1 percentages 991:1001 various percentages 983:1001 various percentages of chitosan composition 983:1025 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 0 73 from comparison 2:11 arg1 mutans 65:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 0 73 from comparison 2:11 arg1 strength 84:91 tensile strength 76:91 tensile strength 76:91 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 3 74 dep Streptococcus 415:427 arg1 mutans 429:434 Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 415:518 Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 415:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 3 74 dep Streptococcus 415:427 arg1 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 bacteria 436:443 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 3 74 dep Streptococcus 415:427 arg1 strength 457:464 tensile strength 449:464 tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 449:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 0 75 theme chitosan-based 101:114 arg1 adhesives 124:132 chitosan-based bonding adhesives 101:132 chitosan-based bonding adhesives 101:132 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 10 76 theme good 1796:1799 arg1 strength 1809:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 good tensile strength 1796:1816 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 5 77 theme self-cure 851:859 arg1 products 878:885 commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 825:885 products 878:885 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 3 78 theme antimicrobial 380:392 arg1 effect 405:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect 376:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 376:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 0 79 from effect 41:46 arg1 mutans 65:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 0 79 from effect 41:46 arg1 strength 84:91 tensile strength 76:91 tensile strength 76:91 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 3 80 theme adhesive 494:501 arg1 material 511:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 482:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 5 81 theme commercial 825:834 arg1 cure 842:845 commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products 825:885 cure 842:845 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 4 82 theme random 645:650 arg1 method 661:666 a random sampling method 643:666 a random sampling method 643:666 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 0 83 theme antibacterial 16:28 arg1 effect 41:46 antibacterial inhibitory effect 16:46 antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength 16:91 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 5 84 theme inhibitory 687:696 arg1 effect 698:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 669:703 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans 669:777 The antibacterial inhibitory effect of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding against Streptococcus mutans involved six groups: two control groups using commercial light cure and self-cure adhesive bonding products and four groups using adhesive bonding consisting of 75% CaCO3 + 17.6% Bis-GMA + 22.4% MMA with various percentages of chitosan composition (A1: 25%, A2: 50%, A3: 75%, and A4: 100%) each group consisting of two samples (n = 12). 31745052 3 85 theme Streptococcus 415:427 arg1 effect 405:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect 376:410 the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 376:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 0 86 theme effect 41:46 arg1 comparison 2:11 A comparison 0:11 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 0:157 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 ± 1461:1461 3.6500 ± 0.6245 1454:1468 3.6500 ± 0.6245 1454:1468 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 < 1527:1527 P < 0.05 1525:1532 P < 0.05 1525:1532 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 A4 1492:1493 A4 1492:1493 A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000 1492:1522 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 A2 1450:1451 A2 1450:1451 A2 1450:1451 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 A3 1471:1472 A3 1471:1472 A3 1471:1472 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 ± 1482:1482 5.1267 ± 0.2517 1475:1489 5.1267 ± 0.2517 1475:1489 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 8 87 dep A1 1429:1430 arg1 ± 1440:1440 2.9467 ± 0.4163 1433:1447 2.9467 ± 0.4163 1433:1447 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 4 88 theme analytical 616:625 arg1 observation 627:637 analytical observation 616:637 analytical observation 616:637 MATERIALS AND METHODS The investigation constituted laboratory experimental research featuring analytical observation and a random sampling method. 31745052 0 89 theme bonding 116:122 arg1 adhesives 124:132 chitosan-based bonding adhesives 101:132 chitosan-based bonding adhesives 101:132 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 0 90 theme Streptococcus 51:63 arg1 mutans 65:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 Streptococcus mutans 51:70 A comparison of antibacterial inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and tensile strength between chitosan-based bonding adhesives and commercial products. 31745052 3 91 theme tensile 449:455 arg1 strength 457:464 tensile strength 449:464 tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material 449:518 OBJECTIVES To analyze the antimicrobial inhibitory effect of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and tensile strength of chitosan and CaCO3-based adhesive bonding material. 31745052 10 92 theme inhibitory 1839:1848 arg1 effect 1850:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect 1822:1855 an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans 1822:1884 CONCLUSION Chitosan-based adhesive bonding with good tensile strength has an antibacterial inhibitory effect against Streptococcus mutans. 31745052 8 93 theme inhibitory 1364:1373 arg1 effect 1375:1380 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 1346:1380 The antibacterial inhibitory effect 1346:1380 RESULT The antibacterial inhibitory effect showed significant differences between groups (A1: 2.9467 ± 0.4163, A2: 3.6500 ± 0.6245, A3: 5.1267 ± 0.2517, A4: 4.7267 ± 0.9238; P = 0.0000; P < 0.05). 31745052 1 94 theme enamel 235:240 arg1 surface 242:248 the enamel surface 231:248 the enamel surface of the tooth 231:261 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 31745052 1 95 dep a 218:218 arg1 bracket 220:226 bracket 220:226 bracket 220:226 BACKGROUND Adhesive bonding is the material used to attach a bracket to the enamel surface of the tooth. 30274090 1 0 theme UV-VIS 136:141 arg1 radiation 143:151 UV-VIS radiation 136:151 UV-VIS radiation 136:151 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 5 1 theme composite 905:913 arg1 biodegradability 867:882 the biodegradability 863:882 the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite 863:913 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 1 2 theme radiation 143:151 arg1 effect 109:114 The effect 105:114 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 105:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 1 3 theme electrophoretic 249:263 arg1 mobility 265:272 electrophoretic mobility 249:272 electrophoretic mobility 249:272 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 0 4 theme particles 94:102 arg1 activity 77:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity 47:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles 47:102 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 0 5 from Effect 0:5 arg1 activity 77:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity 47:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles 47:102 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 pH 652:653 pH 652:653 pH (3 and 6) 652:663 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 light 581:585 light 581:585 light (range 450-750 nm) 581:604 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 type 607:610 type 607:610 type 607:610 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 6 dep performed 530:538 arg1 range 588:592 range 450-750 nm 588:603 range 450-750 nm 588:603 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 1 7 theme mobility 265:272 arg1 basis 240:244 the basis 236:244 the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 236:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 0 8 theme TiO2 89:92 arg1 particles 94:102 TiO2 particles 89:102 TiO2 particles 89:102 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 5 9 theme promising 965:973 arg1 it 933:934 it 933:934 it 933:934 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 5 9 theme promising 965:973 arg1 material 990:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 2 10 theme efficiency 368:377 arg1 tests 379:383 the degradation efficiency tests 352:383 the degradation efficiency tests 352:383 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 4 11 theme TiO2 838:841 arg1 properties 824:833 adsorption-photocatalytic properties 798:833 adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 798:841 In the chitosan-modified dispersions polysaccharide exhibits synergism of adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2. 30274090 3 12 dep type 607:610 arg1 UV 632:633 UV and VIS 632:641 UV 632:633 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 12 dep type 607:610 arg1 VIS 639:641 UV and VIS 632:641 VIS 639:641 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 2 13 used used 472:475 arg2 yellow 460:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 2 13 used used 472:475 arg2 dyes 399:402 two different dyes 385:402 two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue 385:433 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 2 14 theme sunset 453:458 arg1 yellow 460:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 4 15 theme chitosan-modified 731:747 arg1 dispersions 749:759 the chitosan-modified dispersions 727:759 the chitosan-modified dispersions 727:759 In the chitosan-modified dispersions polysaccharide exhibits synergism of adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2. 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 pH 652:653 pH 652:653 pH (3 and 6) 652:663 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 light 581:585 light 581:585 light (range 450-750 nm) 581:604 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 type 607:610 type 607:610 type 607:610 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 16 theme concentration 677:689 arg1 range 588:592 range 450-750 nm 588:603 range 450-750 nm 588:603 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 1 17 theme adsorption-photocatalytic 160:184 arg1 properties 186:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties 156:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 156:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 2 18 theme anionic 443:449 arg1 yellow 460:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 the anionic - sunset yellow 439:465 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 1 19 from effect 109:114 arg1 properties 186:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties 156:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 156:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 pH 652:653 pH 652:653 pH (3 and 6) 652:663 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 light 581:585 light 581:585 light (range 450-750 nm) 581:604 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 type 607:610 type 607:610 type 607:610 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 20 theme light 581:585 arg1 range 588:592 range 450-750 nm 588:603 range 450-750 nm 588:603 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 2 21 theme different 389:397 arg1 dyes 399:402 two different dyes 385:402 two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue 385:433 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 0 22 theme radiation 13:21 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 0:103 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 3 23 dep pH 652:653 arg1 6 662:662 6 662:662 6 662:662 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 23 dep pH 652:653 arg1 3 656:656 3 656:656 3 656:656 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 2 24 theme blue 430:433 arg1 methylene 420:428 methylene blue 420:433 methylene blue 420:433 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 0 25 theme UV 10:11 arg1 radiation 13:21 UV radiation 10:21 UV radiation 10:21 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 3 26 theme pigment 669:675 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 26 theme pigment 669:675 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 27 theme photodegradation 496:511 arg1 experiments 513:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments 478:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments 478:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 2 28 theme degradation 356:366 arg1 tests 379:383 the degradation efficiency tests 352:383 the degradation efficiency tests 352:383 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 1 29 theme TiO2 200:203 arg1 dispersion 205:214 TiO2 dispersion 200:214 TiO2 dispersion 200:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 0 30 theme chitosan 27:34 arg1 coating 36:42 chitosan coating 27:42 chitosan coating 27:42 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 1 31 theme spectrophotometric 286:303 arg1 measurements 334:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 1 32 theme dispersion 205:214 arg1 properties 186:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties 156:195 the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 156:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 1 33 theme dynamic 309:315 arg1 measurements 334:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 4 34 theme properties 824:833 arg1 synergism 785:793 synergism 785:793 synergism of adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 785:841 In the chitosan-modified dispersions polysaccharide exhibits synergism of adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2. 30274090 3 35 theme stability 482:490 arg1 experiments 513:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments 478:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments 478:523 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 0 36 theme coating 36:42 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 0:103 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 1 37 theme light 317:321 arg1 measurements 334:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 4 38 theme adsorption-photocatalytic 798:822 arg1 properties 824:833 adsorption-photocatalytic properties 798:833 adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 798:841 In the chitosan-modified dispersions polysaccharide exhibits synergism of adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2. 30274090 1 39 theme scattering 323:332 arg1 measurements 334:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 286:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 2 40 dep dyes 399:402 arg1 methylene 420:428 methylene blue 420:433 methylene blue 420:433 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 2 40 dep dyes 399:402 arg1 cationic 409:416 the cationic 405:416 the cationic 405:416 For the degradation efficiency tests two different dyes: the cationic - methylene blue and the anionic - sunset yellow were used. 30274090 1 41 theme chitosan 119:126 arg1 effect 109:114 The effect 105:114 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 105:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 3 42 theme radiation 616:624 arg1 time 626:629 radiation time 616:629 radiation time 616:629 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 0 43 theme adsorption-photocatalytic 51:75 arg1 activity 77:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity 47:84 the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles 47:102 Effect of UV radiation and chitosan coating on the adsorption-photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles. 30274090 5 44 theme anti-microbial 975:988 arg1 it 933:934 it 933:934 it 933:934 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 5 44 theme anti-microbial 975:988 arg1 material 990:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 pH 652:653 pH 652:653 pH (3 and 6) 652:663 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 light 581:585 light 581:585 light (range 450-750 nm) 581:604 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 type 607:610 type 607:610 type 607:610 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 45 theme pH 652:653 arg1 range 588:592 range 450-750 nm 588:603 range 450-750 nm 588:603 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 1 46 theme pH 129:130 arg1 effect 109:114 The effect 105:114 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion 105:214 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 5 47 used used 955:958 arg2 material 990:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 a promising anti-microbial material 963:997 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 5 47 used used 955:958 arg2 it 933:934 it 933:934 it 933:934 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30274090 3 48 dep UV 632:633 arg1 0-5 h 644:648 0-5 h 644:648 UV and VIS; 0-5 h 632:648 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 1 49 theme measurements 334:345 arg1 basis 240:244 the basis 236:244 the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements 236:345 The effect of chitosan, pH and UV-VIS radiation on the adsorption-photocatalytic properties of TiO2 dispersion was investigated on the basis of electrophoretic mobility, as well as spectrophotometric and dynamic light scattering measurements. 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 wavelength 567:576 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 pH 652:653 pH 652:653 pH (3 and 6) 652:663 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 light 581:585 light 581:585 light (range 450-750 nm) 581:604 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 type 607:610 type 607:610 type 607:610 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 concentration 677:689 pigment concentration 669:689 pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3) 669:721 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3 692:720 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 3 50 theme type 607:610 arg1 range 588:592 range 450-750 nm 588:603 range 450-750 nm 588:603 The stability and photodegradation experiments were performed by varying the parameters: wavelength of light (range 450-750 nm), type and radiation time (UV and VIS; 0-5 h), pH (3 and 6) and pigment concentration (0.6 × 10-5-3.6 × 10-5 mol/dm3). 30274090 5 51 theme chitosan/TiO2 891:903 arg1 composite 905:913 the chitosan/TiO2 composite 887:913 the chitosan/TiO2 composite 887:913 Chitosan increases the biodegradability of the chitosan/TiO2 composite and additionally, it can be potentially used as a promising anti-microbial material. 30184780 6 0 dep in 1129:1130 arg1 vitro 1132:1136 vitro 1132:1136 vitro 1132:1136 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 6 1 theme ion 1146:1148 arg1 release 1150:1156 in vitro calcium ion release 1129:1156 in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1129:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 3 2 theme CH 504:505 arg1 NCs 524:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 1 3 theme nano-carriers 267:279 arg1 characterization 230:245 in vitro characterization 221:245 in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) 221:285 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 3 theme nano-carriers 267:279 arg1 optimization 204:215 optimization 204:215 optimization 204:215 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 3 theme nano-carriers 267:279 arg1 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 3 theme nano-carriers 267:279 arg1 aim 170:172 The main aim 161:172 The main aim of this study 161:186 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 4 4 theme drug 812:815 arg1 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 4 theme drug 812:815 arg1 loading 817:823 drug loading 812:823 drug loading (DL) 812:828 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 7 5 theme Chitosan/Gelatin 1294:1309 arg1 materials 1321:1329 Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1294:1329 Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1294:1329 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 4 6 theme polydispersity 784:797 arg1 index 799:803 polydispersity index 784:803 polydispersity index (PDI) 784:809 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 6 theme polydispersity 784:797 arg1 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 7 7 theme interactions 1273:1284 arg1 presence 1220:1227 The presence 1216:1227 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1216:1329 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 4 8 theme Chitosan 653:660 arg1 w/v 684:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 8 theme Chitosan 653:660 arg1 concentration 662:674 Chitosan concentration 653:674 Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v) 653:687 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 efficiency 848:857 encapsulation efficiency 834:857 encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH 834:868 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 index 799:803 polydispersity index 784:803 polydispersity index (PDI) 784:809 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 loading 817:823 drug loading 812:823 drug loading (DL) 812:828 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 9 from effect 643:648 arg1 size 778:781 the particle size 765:781 the particle size 765:781 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 10 theme encapsulation 834:846 arg1 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 10 theme encapsulation 834:846 arg1 efficiency 848:857 encapsulation efficiency 834:857 encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH 834:868 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 7 11 theme bonding 1241:1247 arg1 presence 1220:1227 The presence 1216:1227 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1216:1329 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 3 12 theme surface 558:564 arg1 RSM 579:581 RSM 579:581 RSM 579:581 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 3 12 theme surface 558:564 arg1 methodology 566:576 response surface methodology 549:576 response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design 549:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 0 13 theme process 139:145 arg1 optimization 147:158 process optimization 139:158 process optimization 139:158 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 4 14 theme Gelatin 690:696 arg1 w/v 720:722 0.1-1% w/v 713:722 0.1-1% w/v 713:722 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 14 theme Gelatin 690:696 arg1 concentration 698:710 Gelatin concentration 690:710 Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) 690:723 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 6 15 theme buffer 1171:1176 arg1 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 6 15 theme buffer 1171:1176 arg1 solution 1178:1185 phosphate buffer solution 1161:1185 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1161:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 8 16 from CH 1506:1507 arg1 release 1477:1483 sustained release 1467:1483 sustained release of Calcium ions from CH 1467:1507 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 3 17 theme statistical 619:629 arg1 design 631:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 4 18 theme polymeric 877:885 arg1 NCs 887:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 19 theme % 682:682 arg1 w/v 684:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 19 theme % 682:682 arg1 concentration 662:674 Chitosan concentration 653:674 Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v) 653:687 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 0 20 theme hydroxide 58:66 arg1 delivery 68:75 calcium hydroxide delivery 50:75 calcium hydroxide delivery 50:75 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 3 21 theme composite 601:609 arg1 design 631:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 7 22 dep infrared 1370:1377 arg1 FTIR 1380:1383 FTIR 1380:1383 FTIR 1380:1383 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 1 23 theme therapeutic 329:339 arg1 potential 341:349 its therapeutic potential 325:349 its therapeutic potential 325:349 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 0 24 from Chitosan/gelatin 0:15 arg1 applications 91:102 endodontic applications 80:102 endodontic applications 80:102 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 4 25 theme CH 729:730 arg1 w/v 757:759 0.05-0.4% w/v 747:759 0.05-0.4% w/v 747:759 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 25 theme CH 729:730 arg1 concentration 732:744 CH concentration 729:744 CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) 729:760 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 efficiency 848:857 encapsulation efficiency 834:857 encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH 834:868 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 index 799:803 polydispersity index 784:803 polydispersity index (PDI) 784:809 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 loading 817:823 drug loading 812:823 drug loading (DL) 812:828 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 DL 826:827 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 EE 860:861 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 PDI 806:808 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 26 theme CH 867:868 arg1 size 778:781 the particle size 765:781 the particle size 765:781 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 27 theme % 718:718 arg1 w/v 720:722 0.1-1% w/v 713:722 0.1-1% w/v 713:722 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 27 theme % 718:718 arg1 concentration 698:710 Gelatin concentration 690:710 Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) 690:723 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 7 28 dep Fourier 1352:1358 arg1 transform 1360:1368 transform 1360:1368 transform infrared (FTIR) analysis 1360:1393 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 2 29 theme sustained 427:435 arg1 release 437:443 a sustained release 425:443 a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions 425:472 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 1 30 theme calcium 291:297 arg1 CH 310:311 CH 310:311 CH 310:311 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 30 theme calcium 291:297 arg1 hydroxide 299:307 calcium hydroxide 291:307 calcium hydroxide (CH) 291:312 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 2 31 theme ions 469:472 arg1 release 437:443 a sustained release 425:443 a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions 425:472 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 8 32 theme load 1446:1449 arg1 CH 1451:1452 load CH 1446:1452 load CH 1446:1452 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 2 33 theme endodontic 391:400 arg1 applications 402:413 the endodontic applications 387:413 the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions 387:472 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 0 34 theme nano-carrier 26:37 arg1 system 39:44 a new nano-carrier system 20:44 a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery 20:75 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 5 35 theme polymeric 930:938 arg1 formulation 944:954 polymeric NCs formulation 930:954 polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM 930:979 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 36 theme 0.32 1056:1059 arg1 PDI 1049:1051 PDI 1049:1051 PDI of 0.32 1049:1059 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 36 theme 0.32 1056:1059 arg1 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 8 37 theme sustained 1467:1475 arg1 release 1477:1483 sustained release 1467:1483 sustained release of Calcium ions from CH 1467:1507 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 4 38 theme % 755:755 arg1 w/v 757:759 0.05-0.4% w/v 747:759 0.05-0.4% w/v 747:759 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 38 theme % 755:755 arg1 concentration 732:744 CH concentration 729:744 CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) 729:760 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 5 39 theme % 1086:1086 arg1 EE 1078:1079 EE 1078:1079 EE 1078:1079 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 39 theme % 1086:1086 arg1 % 1086:1086 99% 1084:1086 99% 1084:1086 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 39 theme % 1086:1086 arg1 % 1072:1072 88.8% 1068:1072 88.8% 1068:1072 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 3 40 theme loaded 507:512 arg1 NCs 524:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 6 41 from release 1150:1156 arg1 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 6 41 from release 1150:1156 arg1 solution 1178:1185 phosphate buffer solution 1161:1185 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1161:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 7 42 theme infrared 1370:1377 arg1 analysis 1386:1393 infrared (FTIR) analysis 1370:1393 infrared (FTIR) analysis 1370:1393 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 0 43 dep Chitosan/gelatin 0:15 arg1 characterization 118:133 characterization 118:133 characterization 118:133 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 0 43 dep Chitosan/gelatin 0:15 arg1 optimization 147:158 process optimization 139:158 process optimization 139:158 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 0 43 dep Chitosan/gelatin 0:15 arg1 Development 105:115 Development 105:115 Development 105:115 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 8 44 theme ions 1496:1499 arg1 release 1477:1483 sustained release 1467:1483 sustained release of Calcium ions from CH 1467:1507 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 1 45 theme Chitosan/Gelatin 250:265 arg1 nano-carriers 267:279 Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers 250:279 Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) 250:285 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 45 theme Chitosan/Gelatin 250:265 arg1 NCs 282:284 NCs 282:284 NCs 282:284 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 6 46 theme calcium 1138:1144 arg1 release 1150:1156 in vitro calcium ion release 1129:1156 in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1129:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 7 47 theme polymeric 1311:1319 arg1 materials 1321:1329 Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1294:1329 Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1294:1329 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 8 48 theme experimental 1516:1527 arg1 period 1529:1534 experimental period 1516:1534 experimental period 1516:1534 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 6 49 theme in 1129:1130 arg1 release 1150:1156 in vitro calcium ion release 1129:1156 in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1129:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 3 50 theme NCs 524:526 arg1 optimization 488:499 optimization 488:499 optimization 488:499 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 3 50 theme NCs 524:526 arg1 Modeling 475:482 Modeling 475:482 Modeling 475:482 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 1 51 theme study 182:186 arg1 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 51 theme study 182:186 arg1 aim 170:172 The main aim 161:172 The main aim of this study 161:186 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 5 52 theme 292 nm 1041:1046 arg1 size 1033:1036 a particle size 1022:1036 a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99% 1022:1086 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 7 53 theme intermolecular 1258:1271 arg1 interactions 1273:1284 some intermolecular interactions 1253:1284 some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials 1253:1329 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 4 54 theme concentration 662:674 arg1 effect 643:648 The effect 639:648 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs 639:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 1 55 theme in 221:222 arg1 characterization 230:245 in vitro characterization 221:245 in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) 221:285 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 3 56 theme response 549:556 arg1 RSM 579:581 RSM 579:581 RSM 579:581 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 3 56 theme response 549:556 arg1 methodology 566:576 response surface methodology 549:576 response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design 549:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 4 57 dep size 778:781 arg1 NCs 887:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 5 58 theme spherical 988:996 arg1 surface 1009:1015 spherical and smooth surface 988:1015 spherical and smooth surface 988:1015 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 1 59 dep in 221:222 arg1 vitro 224:228 vitro 224:228 vitro 224:228 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 6 60 theme Optimized 1089:1097 arg1 formulation 1099:1109 Optimized formulation 1089:1109 Optimized formulation 1089:1109 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 5 61 theme smooth 1002:1007 arg1 surface 1009:1015 spherical and smooth surface 988:1015 spherical and smooth surface 988:1015 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 6 62 theme phosphate 1161:1169 arg1 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 PBS 1188:1190 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 6 62 theme phosphate 1161:1169 arg1 solution 1178:1185 phosphate buffer solution 1161:1185 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) 1161:1191 Optimized formulation was evaluated for in vitro calcium ion release in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4 for 14 days. 30184780 3 63 theme surface 611:617 arg1 design 631:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 4 64 theme concentration 698:710 arg1 effect 643:648 The effect 639:648 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs 639:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 3 65 theme central 593:599 arg1 design 631:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 central composite surface statistical design 593:636 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 30184780 4 66 theme loaded 870:875 arg1 NCs 887:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 loaded polymeric NCs 870:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 2 67 used used 379:382 arg2 system 365:370 The designed system 352:370 The designed system 352:370 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 4 68 theme 0.1-1 677:681 arg1 w/v 684:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 0.1-1% w/v 677:686 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 4 68 theme 0.1-1 677:681 arg1 concentration 662:674 Chitosan concentration 653:674 Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v) 653:687 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 0 69 theme endodontic 80:89 arg1 applications 91:102 endodontic applications 80:102 endodontic applications 80:102 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 1 70 theme main 165:168 arg1 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 preparation 191:201 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 1 70 theme main 165:168 arg1 aim 170:172 The main aim 161:172 The main aim of this study 161:186 The main aim of this study is preparation, optimization and in vitro characterization of Chitosan/Gelatin nano-carriers (NCs) for calcium hydroxide (CH) to improve its therapeutic potential. 30184780 8 71 theme Chitosan/Gelatin 1422:1437 arg1 NCs 1439:1441 Chitosan/Gelatin NCs 1422:1441 Chitosan/Gelatin NCs 1422:1441 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 4 72 theme concentration 732:744 arg1 effect 643:648 The effect 639:648 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs 639:889 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 5 73 theme particle 1024:1031 arg1 size 1033:1036 a particle size 1022:1036 a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99% 1022:1086 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 0 74 theme new 22:24 arg1 system 39:44 a new nano-carrier system 20:44 a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery 20:75 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 5 75 theme % 1072:1072 arg1 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 75 theme % 1072:1072 arg1 DL 1062:1063 DL 1062:1063 DL of 88.8% and EE of 99% 1062:1086 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 76 theme EE 1078:1079 arg1 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 292 nm 1041:1046 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 5 76 theme EE 1078:1079 arg1 DL 1062:1063 DL 1062:1063 DL of 88.8% and EE of 99% 1062:1086 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 2 77 theme hydroxyl 460:467 arg1 ions 469:472 calcium and hydroxyl ions 448:472 calcium and hydroxyl ions 448:472 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 0 78 theme calcium 50:56 arg1 delivery 68:75 calcium hydroxide delivery 50:75 calcium hydroxide delivery 50:75 Chitosan/gelatin as a new nano-carrier system for calcium hydroxide delivery in endodontic applications: Development, characterization and process optimization. 30184780 5 79 theme NCs 940:942 arg1 formulation 944:954 polymeric NCs formulation 930:954 polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM 930:979 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 2 80 theme calcium 448:454 arg1 ions 469:472 calcium and hydroxyl ions 448:472 calcium and hydroxyl ions 448:472 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 4 81 theme particle 769:776 arg1 size 778:781 the particle size 765:781 the particle size 765:781 The effect of Chitosan concentration (0.1-1% w/v), Gelatin concentration (0.1-1% w/v) and CH concentration (0.05-0.4% w/v) on the particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CH loaded polymeric NCs were investigated. 30184780 7 82 theme hydrogen 1232:1239 arg1 bonding 1241:1247 hydrogen bonding 1232:1247 hydrogen bonding 1232:1247 The presence of hydrogen bonding and some intermolecular interactions between Chitosan/Gelatin polymeric materials were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. 30184780 8 83 theme Calcium 1488:1494 arg1 ions 1496:1499 Calcium ions 1488:1499 Calcium ions 1488:1499 These interactions enable Chitosan/Gelatin NCs to load CH and maintain sustained release of Calcium ions from CH during experimental period. 30184780 2 84 theme designed 356:363 arg1 system 365:370 The designed system 352:370 The designed system 352:370 The designed system can be used in the endodontic applications demanding a sustained release of calcium and hydroxyl ions. 30184780 5 85 theme Optimized 910:918 arg1 CH 920:921 Optimized CH 910:921 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM 910:979 Optimized CH loaded polymeric NCs formulation which obtained using RSM showed spherical and smooth surface with a particle size of 292 nm, PDI of 0.32, DL of 88.8% and EE of 99%. 30184780 3 86 theme polymeric 514:522 arg1 NCs 524:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 CH loaded polymeric NCs 504:526 Modeling and optimization of CH loaded polymeric NCs were performed using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite surface statistical design. 31835739 8 0 theme lower 1145:1149 arg1 value 1154:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 3 1 theme swelling 608:615 arg1 capacity 617:624 swelling capacity 608:624 swelling capacity 608:624 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 1 theme swelling 608:615 arg1 hardness 586:593 hardness 586:593 hardness 586:593 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 8 2 theme Tg 1151:1152 arg1 value 1154:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 4 3 theme 22.7 784:787 arg1 times 789:793 times 789:793 times 789:793 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 8 4 contain had 1137:1139 arg2 value 1154:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 8 4 contain had 1137:1139 arg1 foams 1131:1135 The obtained foams 1118:1135 The obtained foams 1118:1135 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 8 4 contain had 1137:1139 arg2 ability 1173:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 4 5 theme foamed 760:765 arg1 form 767:770 their foamed form 754:770 their foamed form 754:770 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 2 6 from solution 313:320 arg1 chitosan 337:344 chitosan 337:344 chitosan (CS) 337:349 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 6 from solution 313:320 arg1 chloroform 325:334 chloroform 325:334 chloroform 325:334 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 6 7 theme FT-IR 936:940 arg1 analysis 942:949 The FT-IR analysis 932:949 The FT-IR analysis 932:949 The FT-IR analysis confirmed no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients. 31835739 3 8 dep functional 574:583 arg1 solubility 627:636 solubility 627:636 solubility 627:636 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 8 dep functional 574:583 arg1 elasticity 596:605 elasticity 596:605 elasticity 596:605 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 8 dep functional 574:583 arg1 capacity 617:624 swelling capacity 608:624 swelling capacity 608:624 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 8 dep functional 574:583 arg1 hardness 586:593 hardness 586:593 hardness 586:593 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 4 9 theme 7.4 777:779 arg1 times 789:793 times 789:793 times 789:793 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 2 10 theme poly 290:293 arg1 solution 313:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution 286:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 286:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 11 theme lactic 295:300 arg1 solution 313:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution 286:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 286:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 9 12 theme chitosan 1238:1245 arg1 addition 1226:1233 The addition 1222:1233 The addition of chitosan 1222:1245 The addition of chitosan provides the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31835739 4 13 theme neat 825:828 arg1 PLA 830:832 the neat PLA 821:832 the neat PLA 821:832 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 7 14 theme materials 1090:1098 arg1 capacity 1049:1056 low sorption capacity 1036:1056 low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) 1036:1070 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 7 14 theme materials 1090:1098 arg1 g/g 1067:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 7 14 theme materials 1090:1098 arg1 solubility 1076:1085 solubility 1076:1085 solubility of materials (less than 0.2%) 1076:1115 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 6 15 theme new 964:966 arg1 bonds 977:981 no new chemical bonds 961:981 no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients 961:1012 The FT-IR analysis confirmed no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients. 31835739 4 16 theme high 838:841 arg1 porosity 843:850 high porosity 838:850 high porosity 838:850 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 2 17 with saturated 370:378 arg1 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 17 with saturated 370:378 arg1 CO2 385:387 CO2 385:387 CO2 385:387 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 17 with saturated 370:378 arg1 glycol 406:411 polyethylene glycol 393:411 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 393:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 18 theme solvents 456:463 arg1 removal 441:447 removal 441:447 removal of the solvents 441:463 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 8 19 theme improved 1164:1171 arg1 ability 1173:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 1 20 theme new 181:183 arg1 method 185:190 A new method 179:190 A new method of obtaining functional foam material 179:228 A new method of obtaining functional foam material has been proposed. 31835739 10 21 theme cell 1449:1452 arg1 line 1454:1457 the L929 cell line 1440:1457 the L929 cell line 1440:1457 Biocompatibility studies have shown that the materials obtained are not cytotoxic to the L929 cell line. 31835739 2 22 theme PLA 308:310 arg1 solution 313:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution 286:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 286:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 10 23 theme L929 1444:1447 arg1 line 1454:1457 the L929 cell line 1440:1457 the L929 cell line 1440:1457 Biocompatibility studies have shown that the materials obtained are not cytotoxic to the L929 cell line. 31835739 7 24 theme low 1036:1038 arg1 capacity 1049:1056 low sorption capacity 1036:1056 low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) 1036:1070 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 7 24 theme low 1036:1038 arg1 g/g 1067:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 3 25 theme biological 644:653 arg1 properties 685:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 9 26 theme bactericidal 1279:1290 arg1 properties 1292:1301 the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties 1256:1301 the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus 1256:1352 The addition of chitosan provides the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31835739 7 27 theme Other 1015:1019 arg1 results 1021:1027 Other results 1015:1027 Other results 1015:1027 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 8 28 theme obtained 1122:1129 arg1 foams 1131:1135 The obtained foams 1118:1135 The obtained foams 1118:1135 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 2 29 theme acid 302:305 arg1 solution 313:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution 286:320 the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 286:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 30 theme polyethylene 393:404 arg1 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 PEG 414:416 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 2 30 theme polyethylene 393:404 arg1 glycol 406:411 polyethylene glycol 393:411 polyethylene glycol (PEG) 393:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 3 31 theme structural 515:524 arg1 properties 685:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 8 32 theme crystallization 1184:1198 arg1 value 1154:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 the lower Tg value 1141:1158 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 8 32 theme crystallization 1184:1198 arg1 ability 1173:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 improved ability 1164:1179 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 1 33 theme functional 205:214 arg1 material 221:228 functional foam material 205:228 functional foam material 205:228 A new method of obtaining functional foam material has been proposed. 31835739 0 34 theme PLA/Chitosan 38:49 arg1 Foams 51:55 the PLA/Chitosan Foams 34:55 the PLA/Chitosan Foams 34:55 Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. 31835739 0 35 theme Chitosan 151:158 arg1 Dissolution 136:146 the Dissolution 132:146 the Dissolution of Chitosan 132:158 Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. 31835739 5 36 theme kPa 927:929 arg1 range 911:915 the range 907:915 the range of 70-440 kPa 907:929 The foams had a hardness in the range of 70-440 kPa. 31835739 1 37 theme foam 216:219 arg1 material 221:228 functional foam material 205:228 functional foam material 205:228 A new method of obtaining functional foam material has been proposed. 31835739 3 38 theme thermal 559:565 arg1 properties 685:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 8 39 theme neat 1212:1215 arg1 PLA 1217:1219 neat PLA 1212:1219 neat PLA 1212:1219 The obtained foams had the lower Tg value and improved ability of crystallization compared to neat PLA. 31835739 2 40 theme saturated 370:378 arg1 water 364:368 water 364:368 water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 364:417 The materials were created by mixing the poly lactic acid (PLA) solution in chloroform, chitosan (CS) dissolved in water saturated with CO2 and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and freeze-dried for removal of the solvents. 31835739 0 41 theme CO2 163:165 arg1 Saturation 167:176 CO2 Saturation 163:176 CO2 Saturation 163:176 Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. 31835739 4 42 dep times 789:793 arg1 to 781:782 to 781:782 to 781:782 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 4 42 dep times 789:793 arg1 lower 795:799 lower 795:799 lower 795:799 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 4 43 dep density 801:807 arg1 times 789:793 times 789:793 times 789:793 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 6 44 theme chemical 968:975 arg1 bonds 977:981 no new chemical bonds 961:981 no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients 961:1012 The FT-IR analysis confirmed no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients. 31835739 6 45 theme sponge 995:1000 arg1 ingredients 1002:1012 the sponge ingredients 991:1012 the sponge ingredients 991:1012 The FT-IR analysis confirmed no new chemical bonds between the sponge ingredients. 31835739 3 46 dep thermal 559:565 arg1 DSC 568:570 DSC 568:570 DSC 568:570 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 10 47 theme Biocompatibility 1355:1370 arg1 studies 1372:1378 Biocompatibility studies 1355:1378 Biocompatibility studies 1355:1378 Biocompatibility studies have shown that the materials obtained are not cytotoxic to the L929 cell line. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 density 539:545 density 539:545 density 539:545 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 antimicrobial 656:668 antimicrobial 656:668 antimicrobial 656:668 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 cytotoxic 674:682 cytotoxic 674:682 cytotoxic 674:682 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 SEM 527:529 SEM 527:529 SEM 527:529 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 porosity 548:555 porosity 548:555 porosity 548:555 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 3 48 dep structural 515:524 arg1 FT-IR 532:536 FT-IR 532:536 FT-IR 532:536 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 5 49 contain had 889:891 arg2 hardness 895:902 a hardness 893:902 a hardness 893:902 The foams had a hardness in the range of 70-440 kPa. 31835739 5 49 contain had 889:891 arg1 foams 883:887 The foams 879:887 The foams 879:887 The foams had a hardness in the range of 70-440 kPa. 31835739 3 50 theme functional 574:583 arg1 properties 685:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties 509:694 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 31835739 4 51 from Chitosan 697:704 arg1 composites 713:722 the composites 709:722 the composites 709:722 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 9 52 theme bacteriostatic 1260:1273 arg1 properties 1292:1301 the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties 1256:1301 the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus 1256:1352 The addition of chitosan provides the bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. 31835739 0 53 theme Antimicrobial 62:74 arg1 Properties 76:85 Antimicrobial Properties 62:85 Antimicrobial Properties 62:85 Obtaining and Characterization of the PLA/Chitosan Foams with Antimicrobial Properties Achieved by the Emulsification Combined with the Dissolution of Chitosan by CO2 Saturation. 31835739 7 54 theme sorption 1040:1047 arg1 capacity 1049:1056 low sorption capacity 1036:1056 low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) 1036:1070 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 7 54 theme sorption 1040:1047 arg1 g/g 1067:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 2.5-7.2 g/g 1059:1069 Other results showed low sorption capacity (2.5-7.2 g/g) and solubility of materials (less than 0.2%). 31835739 4 55 dep component 730:738 arg1 confirmed 857:865 confirmed 857:865 confirmed by the SEM 857:876 Chitosan in the composites was a component for obtaining their foamed form with 7.4 to 22.7 times lower density compared to the neat PLA and high porosity also confirmed by the SEM. 31835739 3 56 theme composite 470:478 arg1 foams 480:484 The composite foams 466:484 The composite foams 466:484 The composite foams were characterized for their structural (SEM, FT-IR, density, porosity), thermal (DSC), functional (hardness, elasticity, swelling capacity, solubility), and biological (antimicrobial and cytotoxic) properties. 29911327 3 0 theme agar 978:981 arg1 plates 983:988 agar plates 978:988 agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 978:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 1 dep synthesised 291:301 arg1 III 168:170 III 168:170 III 168:170 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 1 dep synthesised 291:301 arg1 complexes 173:181 complexes 173:181 complexes 173:181 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 1 dep synthesised 291:301 arg1 series 112:117 A series 110:117 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 110:166 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 0 2 theme Resistant 90:98 arg1 Bacteria 100:107 Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria 79:107 Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria 79:107 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 0 3 from Phosphinates 8:19 arg1 Composites 41:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 3 4 theme plates 983:988 arg1 surface 967:973 the surface 963:973 the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 963:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 5 theme 10 mm 935:939 arg1 zone 941:944 a 10 mm zone 933:944 a 10 mm zone of inhibition 933:958 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 6 theme R1 207:208 arg1 =H 265:266 R2 =H 262:266 R2 =H 262:266 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 6 theme R1 207:208 arg1 =Ph 214:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 7 theme inhibition 949:958 arg1 zone 941:944 a 10 mm zone 933:944 a 10 mm zone of inhibition 933:958 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 8 theme vancomycin-resistant 499:518 arg1 VRE 534:536 VRE 534:536 VRE 534:536 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 8 theme vancomycin-resistant 499:518 arg1 Enterococcus 520:531 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus 499:531 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) 499:537 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 8 theme vancomycin-resistant 499:518 arg1 coli 393:396 Escherichia coli 381:396 Escherichia coli (E. coli) 381:406 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 9 theme =R2 210:212 arg1 =H 265:266 R2 =H 262:266 R2 =H 262:266 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 9 theme =R2 210:212 arg1 =Ph 214:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 0 10 from Efficacy 62:69 arg1 Composites 41:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 4 11 theme bis-phosphinato 1111:1125 arg1 complexes 1140:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 3 12 theme silver 841:846 arg1 additives 854:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 13 theme Bi-cellulose 722:733 arg1 materials 735:743 the Bi-cellulose materials 718:743 the Bi-cellulose materials 718:743 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 14 theme R2 262:263 arg1 =H 265:266 R2 =H 262:266 R2 =H 262:266 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 14 theme R2 262:263 arg1 =Ph 214:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 4 15 from materials 1182:1190 arg1 facilities 1206:1215 healthcare facilities 1195:1215 healthcare facilities 1195:1215 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 4 16 theme phenyl 1104:1109 arg1 complexes 1140:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 1 17 dep coli 393:396 arg1 coli 402:405 E. coli 399:405 E. coli 399:405 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 4 18 theme serious 1271:1277 arg1 disease 1279:1285 serious disease 1271:1285 serious disease 1271:1285 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 0 19 theme Bismuth 0:6 arg1 Phosphinates 8:19 Bismuth Phosphinates 0:19 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 0:50 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 4 20 theme capable 1252:1258 arg1 bacteria 1243:1250 bacteria 1243:1250 bacteria capable of causing serious disease 1243:1285 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 2 21 theme bismuth 544:550 arg1 complexes 552:560 The bismuth complexes 540:560 The bismuth complexes 540:560 The bismuth complexes were incorporated into microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets. 29911327 1 22 theme R1 254:255 arg1 =Ph 257:259 R1 =Ph 254:259 R1 =Ph 254:259 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 4 23 theme bacteria 1243:1250 arg1 growth 1233:1238 the growth 1229:1238 the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease 1229:1285 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 4 24 theme bismuth 1127:1133 arg1 complexes 1140:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes 1098:1148 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 1 25 theme effective 340:348 arg1 activity 364:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 26 theme OP 189:190 arg1 R2 198:199 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 26 theme OP 189:190 arg1 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) 183:279 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 0 27 theme Bi-Nanocellulose 24:39 arg1 Composites 41:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bi-Nanocellulose Composites 24:50 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 1 28 theme R1 219:220 arg1 =p-OMePh 226:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 29 theme OP 1025:1026 arg1 [BiPh 1019:1023 [BiPh 1019:1023 [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 1019:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 29 theme OP 1025:1026 arg1 Ph2 1031:1033 OP(=O)Ph2 )2 1025:1036 OP(=O)Ph2 )2 1025:1036 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 30 theme antibacterial 350:362 arg1 activity 364:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 31 theme inhibition 1086:1095 arg1 zone 1078:1081 an 18 mm zone 1069:1081 an 18 mm zone of inhibition 1069:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 32 theme =R2 222:224 arg1 =p-OMePh 226:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 33 theme R1 269:270 arg1 =Me 276:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 2 34 theme paper 664:668 arg1 sheets 670:675 paper sheets 664:675 paper sheets 664:675 The bismuth complexes were incorporated into microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets. 29911327 1 35 theme =O 192:193 arg1 R2 198:199 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 35 theme =O 192:193 arg1 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) 183:279 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 2 36 theme bismuth-cellulose 633:649 arg1 composite 651:659 a bismuth-cellulose composite 631:659 a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets 631:675 The bismuth complexes were incorporated into microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets. 29911327 1 37 theme =R2 272:274 arg1 =Me 276:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 38 theme based 848:852 arg1 additives 854:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 39 theme 18 mm 1072:1076 arg1 zone 1078:1081 an 18 mm zone 1069:1081 an 18 mm zone of inhibition 1069:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 40 theme commercial 830:839 arg1 additives 854:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 commercial silver based additives 830:862 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 41 dep aureus 424:429 arg1 aureus 435:440 S. aureus 432:440 S. aureus 432:440 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 42 theme R1 195:196 arg1 R2 198:199 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 42 theme R1 195:196 arg1 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) 183:279 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 43 contain have 335:338 arg2 activity 364:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 effective antibacterial activity 340:371 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 43 contain have 335:338 arg1 R2 198:199 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 189:202 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 43 contain have 335:338 arg1 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh 183:187 [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) 183:279 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 44 theme R1 236:237 arg1 Ph 250:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 45 contain have 745:748 arg2 activity 771:778 analogous or greater activity 750:778 analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria 750:809 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 45 contain have 745:748 arg1 materials 735:743 the Bi-cellulose materials 718:743 the Bi-cellulose materials 718:743 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 46 theme =R2 239:241 arg1 Ph 250:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 47 dep % 1058:1058 arg1 produces 1060:1067 produces 1060:1067 produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 1060:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 48 dep [BiPh 183:187 arg1 =H 265:266 R2 =H 262:266 R2 =H 262:266 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 48 dep [BiPh 183:187 arg1 =Ph 214:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 R1 =R2 =Ph 207:216 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 49 theme silver 865:870 arg1 sulfadiazine 872:883 silver sulfadiazine 865:883 silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose 865:922 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 50 theme soluble 129:135 arg1 bismuth 160:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 51 theme greater 763:769 arg1 activity 771:778 analogous or greater activity 750:778 analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria 750:809 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 52 theme =m-NO2 243:248 arg1 Ph 250:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 53 theme =O 1028:1029 arg1 [BiPh 1019:1023 [BiPh 1019:1023 [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 1019:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 53 theme =O 1028:1029 arg1 Ph2 1031:1033 OP(=O)Ph2 )2 1025:1036 OP(=O)Ph2 )2 1025:1036 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 54 dep =Ph 214:216 arg1 =Me 276:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 R1 =R2 =Me 269:278 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 54 dep =Ph 214:216 arg1 Ph 250:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph 236:251 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 54 dep =Ph 214:216 arg1 =Ph 257:259 R1 =Ph 254:259 R1 =Ph 254:259 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 54 dep =Ph 214:216 arg1 =p-OMePh 226:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 R1 =R2 =p-OMePh 219:233 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 1 55 theme phenyl 137:142 arg1 bismuth 160:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 56 contain containing 990:999 arg2 aureus 1004:1009 S. aureus 1001:1009 S. aureus 1001:1009 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 3 56 contain containing 990:999 arg1 plates 983:988 agar plates 978:988 agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition 978:1095 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 2 57 theme microfibrillated 585:600 arg1 cellulose 610:618 microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose 585:618 microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets 585:675 The bismuth complexes were incorporated into microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets. 29911327 1 58 theme bis-phosphinato 144:158 arg1 bismuth 160:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 122:166 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 59 theme analogous 750:758 arg1 activity 771:778 analogous or greater activity 750:778 analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria 750:809 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 0 60 theme Multi-Drug 79:88 arg1 Bacteria 100:107 Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria 79:107 Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria 79:107 Bismuth Phosphinates in Bi-Nanocellulose Composites and their Efficacy towards Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. 29911327 3 61 theme Gram 788:791 arg1 bacteria 802:809 Gram positive bacteria 788:809 Gram positive bacteria 788:809 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 1 62 theme bismuth 160:166 arg1 series 112:117 A series 110:117 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth 110:166 A series of poorly soluble phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes [BiPh(OP(=O)R1 R2 )2 ] (R1 =R2 =Ph; R1 =R2 =p-OMePh; R1 =R2 =m-NO2 Ph; R1 =Ph, R2 =H; R1 =R2 =Me) have been synthesised and characterised, and shown to have effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). 29911327 3 63 theme Antibacterial 678:690 arg1 evaluation 692:701 Antibacterial evaluation 678:701 Antibacterial evaluation 678:701 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29911327 4 64 theme healthcare 1195:1204 arg1 facilities 1206:1215 healthcare facilities 1195:1215 healthcare facilities 1195:1215 These phenyl bis-phosphinato bismuth(III) complexes show potential to be applied in materials in healthcare facilities, to inhibit the growth of bacteria capable of causing serious disease. 29911327 2 65 theme nano- 603:607 arg1 cellulose 610:618 microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose 585:618 microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets 585:675 The bismuth complexes were incorporated into microfibrillated (nano-) cellulose generating a bismuth-cellulose composite as paper sheets. 29911327 3 66 theme positive 793:800 arg1 bacteria 802:809 Gram positive bacteria 788:809 Gram positive bacteria 788:809 Antibacterial evaluation indicates that the Bi-cellulose materials have analogous or greater activity against Gram positive bacteria when compared with commercial silver based additives: silver sulfadiazine loaded at 0.43 wt % into nanocellulose produces a 10 mm zone of inhibition on the surface of agar plates containing S. aureus whereas [BiPh(OP(=O)Ph2 )2 ] loaded at 0.34 wt % produces an 18 mm zone of inhibition. 29627468 9 0 theme sativum 1061:1067 arg1 valorization 1042:1053 the current work help valorization 1020:1053 the current work help valorization of L. sativum 1020:1067 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 0 1 theme physicochemical 78:92 arg1 properties 94:103 physicochemical properties 78:103 physicochemical properties of chitosan films 78:121 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 7 2 theme composite 838:846 arg1 film 848:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 SEM showed smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film with LSE. 29627468 2 3 theme structural 311:320 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 6 4 theme melting 767:773 arg1 point 775:779 the melting point 763:779 the melting point 763:779 The DSC thermograph indicted a change in the melting point. 29627468 9 5 theme novel 1121:1125 arg1 material 1144:1151 novel active-packaging material 1121:1151 novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application 1121:1191 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 0 6 theme chitosan 108:115 arg1 films 117:121 chitosan films 108:121 chitosan films 108:121 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 4 7 theme LSE 627:629 arg1 concentration 631:643 the increasing LSE concentration 612:643 the increasing LSE concentration 612:643 Moisture content, WVP, and crystallinity decreased with the increasing LSE concentration. 29627468 5 8 theme structural 697:706 arg1 modification 708:719 structural modification 697:719 structural modification 697:719 Changes in absorbance intensity by FT-IR indicated structural modification. 29627468 9 9 theme oil 1084:1086 arg1 extraction 1088:1097 oil extraction 1084:1097 oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application 1084:1191 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 3 10 theme film-forming 417:428 arg1 solution 430:437 film-forming solution 417:437 film-forming solution 417:437 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 11 theme solution 430:437 arg1 v/v 410:412 v/v 410:412 v/v 410:412 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 8 12 theme 50 983:984 arg1 % 985:985 % 985:985 % 985:985 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 3 13 theme improved 452:459 arg1 % 465:465 improved 32.2% 452:465 improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation 452:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 13 theme improved 452:459 arg1 strength 478:485 tensile strength 470:485 tensile strength 470:485 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 13 theme improved 452:459 arg1 elongation 496:505 109% elongation 491:505 109% elongation 491:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 4 14 theme Moisture 556:563 arg1 content 565:571 Moisture content 556:571 Moisture content 556:571 Moisture content, WVP, and crystallinity decreased with the increasing LSE concentration. 29627468 0 15 theme films 117:121 arg1 properties 94:103 physicochemical properties 78:103 physicochemical properties of chitosan films 78:121 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 8 16 theme polyphenols 932:942 arg1 release 915:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release 881:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols 881:942 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 16 theme polyphenols 932:942 arg1 activity 960:967 antioxidant activity 948:967 antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol 948:1010 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 3 17 from effect 524:529 arg1 films 549:553 chitosan films 540:553 chitosan films 540:553 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 2 18 theme thermal 344:350 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 8 19 from activity 960:967 arg1 water 976:980 the water 972:980 the water 972:980 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 19 from activity 960:967 arg1 ethanol 1004:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 19 from activity 960:967 arg1 ethanol 987:993 50% ethanol 983:993 50% ethanol 983:993 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 20 theme total 926:930 arg1 polyphenols 932:942 total polyphenols 926:942 total polyphenols 926:942 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 0 21 theme Cross-linking 0:12 arg1 effect 14:19 Cross-linking effect 0:19 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum 0:64 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 1 22 theme film 239:242 arg1 ability 252:258 film forming ability 239:258 film forming ability of chitosan 239:270 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 8 23 theme % 985:985 arg1 ethanol 987:993 50% ethanol 983:993 50% ethanol 983:993 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 24 theme antioxidant 948:958 arg1 activity 960:967 antioxidant activity 948:967 antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol 948:1010 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 3 25 theme 109 491:493 arg1 % 494:494 % 494:494 % 494:494 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 2 26 theme optical 335:341 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 0 27 theme polyphenolic 24:35 arg1 extracts 37:44 polyphenolic extracts 24:44 polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum 24:64 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 1 28 theme forming 244:250 arg1 ability 252:258 film forming ability 239:258 film forming ability of chitosan 239:270 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 1 29 from effect 229:234 arg1 ability 252:258 film forming ability 239:258 film forming ability of chitosan 239:270 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 9 30 theme active-packaging 1127:1142 arg1 material 1144:1151 novel active-packaging material 1121:1151 novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application 1121:1191 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 1 31 dep extract 159:165 arg1 compared 177:184 compared 177:184 compared to tannic acid (TA) 177:204 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 8 32 theme time-dependent 900:913 arg1 release 915:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release 881:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols 881:942 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 2 33 theme activity 377:384 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 2 34 theme release 386:392 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 3 35 theme chitosan 540:547 arg1 films 549:553 chitosan films 540:553 chitosan films 540:553 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 36 theme strength 478:485 arg1 % 465:465 improved 32.2% 452:465 improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation 452:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 36 theme strength 478:485 arg1 strength 478:485 tensile strength 470:485 tensile strength 470:485 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 36 theme strength 478:485 arg1 elongation 496:505 109% elongation 491:505 109% elongation 491:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 9 37 dep valorization 1042:1053 arg1 help 1037:1040 help 1037:1040 help 1037:1040 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 2 38 theme antioxidant 365:375 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 8 39 from release 915:921 arg1 water 976:980 the water 972:980 the water 972:980 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 39 from release 915:921 arg1 ethanol 1004:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 39 from release 915:921 arg1 ethanol 987:993 50% ethanol 983:993 50% ethanol 983:993 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 8 40 theme % 1002:1002 arg1 ethanol 1004:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 95% ethanol 1000:1010 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 5 41 from Changes 646:652 arg1 intensity 668:676 absorbance intensity 657:676 absorbance intensity 657:676 Changes in absorbance intensity by FT-IR indicated structural modification. 29627468 0 42 theme extracts 37:44 arg1 effect 14:19 Cross-linking effect 0:19 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum 0:64 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 1 43 theme chitosan 263:270 arg1 ability 252:258 film forming ability 239:258 film forming ability of chitosan 239:270 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 8 44 theme 95 1000:1001 arg1 % 1002:1002 % 1002:1002 % 1002:1002 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 3 45 theme TA 534:535 arg1 effect 524:529 the effect 520:529 the effect of TA in chitosan films 520:553 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 6 46 from change 753:758 arg1 point 775:779 the melting point 763:779 the melting point 763:779 The DSC thermograph indicted a change in the melting point. 29627468 3 47 from films 549:553 arg1 effect 524:529 the effect 520:529 the effect of TA in chitosan films 520:553 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 0 48 theme sativum 58:64 arg1 extracts 37:44 polyphenolic extracts 24:44 polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum 24:64 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 3 49 from TA 534:535 arg1 films 549:553 chitosan films 540:553 chitosan films 540:553 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 50 theme % 494:494 arg1 elongation 496:505 109% elongation 491:505 109% elongation 491:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 9 51 theme current 1024:1030 arg1 valorization 1042:1053 the current work help valorization 1020:1053 the current work help valorization of L. sativum 1020:1067 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 1 52 theme Lepidium 124:131 arg1 sativum 133:139 Lepidium sativum 124:139 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE) 124:171 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 0 53 theme Lepidium 49:56 arg1 sativum 58:64 Lepidium sativum 49:64 Lepidium sativum 49:64 Cross-linking effect of polyphenolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seedcake on physicochemical properties of chitosan films. 29627468 3 54 theme elongation 496:505 arg1 % 465:465 improved 32.2% 452:465 improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation 452:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 54 theme elongation 496:505 arg1 strength 478:485 tensile strength 470:485 tensile strength 470:485 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 3 54 theme elongation 496:505 arg1 elongation 496:505 109% elongation 491:505 109% elongation 491:505 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 9 55 theme work 1032:1035 arg1 valorization 1042:1053 the current work help valorization 1020:1053 the current work help valorization of L. sativum 1020:1067 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 1 56 theme sativum 133:139 arg1 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 1 56 theme sativum 133:139 arg1 extract 159:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract 124:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE) 124:171 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 7 57 theme cross-section 824:836 arg1 film 848:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 SEM showed smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film with LSE. 29627468 6 58 theme DSC 726:728 arg1 thermograph 730:740 The DSC thermograph 722:740 The DSC thermograph 722:740 The DSC thermograph indicted a change in the melting point. 29627468 1 59 theme seedcake 141:148 arg1 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 1 59 theme seedcake 141:148 arg1 extract 159:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract 124:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE) 124:171 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 3 60 theme tensile 470:476 arg1 strength 478:485 tensile strength 470:485 tensile strength 470:485 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 9 61 theme pharmaceutical 1166:1179 arg1 application 1181:1191 pharmaceutical application 1166:1191 pharmaceutical application 1166:1191 Hence, the current work help valorization of L. sativum seedcake after oil extraction for an alternative as novel active-packaging material for food and pharmaceutical application. 29627468 3 62 dep % 407:407 arg1 v/v 410:412 v/v 410:412 v/v 410:412 At 5% (v/v of film-forming solution), LSE led to improved 32.2% of tensile strength and 109% elongation, compared to the effect of TA in chitosan films. 29627468 1 63 theme phenolic 150:157 arg1 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 LSE 168:170 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 1 63 theme phenolic 150:157 arg1 extract 159:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract 124:165 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE) 124:171 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 7 64 theme homogeneous 804:814 arg1 film 848:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 SEM showed smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film with LSE. 29627468 4 65 theme increasing 616:625 arg1 concentration 631:643 the increasing LSE concentration 612:643 the increasing LSE concentration 612:643 Moisture content, WVP, and crystallinity decreased with the increasing LSE concentration. 29627468 1 66 theme tannic 189:194 arg1 acid 196:199 tannic acid 189:199 tannic acid (TA) 189:204 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 1 66 theme tannic 189:194 arg1 TA 202:203 TA 202:203 TA 202:203 Lepidium sativum seedcake phenolic extract (LSE), as compared to tannic acid (TA), was evaluated for its effect on film forming ability of chitosan. 29627468 7 67 theme surface 816:822 arg1 film 848:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 SEM showed smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film with LSE. 29627468 5 68 theme absorbance 657:666 arg1 intensity 668:676 absorbance intensity 657:676 absorbance intensity 657:676 Changes in absorbance intensity by FT-IR indicated structural modification. 29627468 8 69 theme dose-dependent 881:894 arg1 release 915:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release 881:921 dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols 881:942 The films exhibit dose-dependent and time-dependent release of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity in the water, 50% ethanol, and 95% ethanol. 29627468 2 70 theme mechanical 323:332 arg1 profile 394:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile 305:400 The films were investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, thermal and in vitro antioxidant activity release profile. 29627468 7 71 theme smooth 793:798 arg1 film 848:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film 793:851 SEM showed smooth and homogeneous surface cross-section composite film with LSE. 31330391 0 0 theme magnetic 87:94 arg1 composite 96:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 8 1 theme orange 1063:1068 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 1 theme orange 1063:1068 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 1 theme orange 1063:1068 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 1 2 theme chitosan/cobalt 170:184 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 2 theme chitosan/cobalt 170:184 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 2 theme chitosan/cobalt 170:184 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 3 theme acid 267:270 arg1 orange 272:277 acid orange II 267:280 acid orange II 267:280 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 0 4 theme biopolymeric 74:85 arg1 composite 96:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 3 5 with chitosan 534:541 arg1 magnetization 559:571 saturation magnetization 548:571 saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1 548:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 1 6 theme ferrite 186:192 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 6 theme ferrite 186:192 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 6 theme ferrite 186:192 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 7 theme orange 272:277 arg1 removal 256:262 the removal 252:262 the removal of acid orange II 252:280 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 8 8 theme Liu 1162:1164 arg1 model 1175:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 7 9 theme better 996:1001 arg1 adsorption 1003:1012 its better adsorption 992:1012 its better adsorption than methylene blue 992:1032 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 3 10 theme 10.79 emu 576:584 arg1 g-1 586:588 10.79 emu g-1 576:588 10.79 emu g-1 576:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 5 11 theme adsorption 705:714 arg1 spontaneous 727:737 spontaneous 727:737 spontaneous 727:737 The adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. 31330391 5 11 theme adsorption 705:714 arg1 process 716:722 The adsorption process 701:722 The adsorption process 701:722 The adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. 31330391 8 12 theme blue 1095:1098 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 12 theme blue 1095:1098 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 12 theme blue 1095:1098 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 3 13 theme g-1 586:588 arg1 magnetization 559:571 saturation magnetization 548:571 saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1 548:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 6 14 theme isotherm 759:766 arg1 model 768:772 Liu isotherm model 755:772 Liu isotherm model 755:772 Liu isotherm model was found to be applicable for the adsorption process. 31330391 6 15 theme Liu 755:757 arg1 model 768:772 Liu isotherm model 755:772 Liu isotherm model 755:772 Liu isotherm model was found to be applicable for the adsorption process. 31330391 0 16 theme Experimental 107:118 arg1 studies 136:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 4 17 theme acid 624:627 arg1 orange 629:634 acid orange II 624:637 acid orange II 624:637 Adsorption studies revealed that acid orange II adsorbed more favorably on the composite than methylene blue. 31330391 8 18 theme Adsorption 1035:1044 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 18 theme Adsorption 1035:1044 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 18 theme Adsorption 1035:1044 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 3 19 theme microspheres 462:473 arg1 form 454:457 form 454:457 form of microspheres 454:473 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 0 20 theme anionic 14:20 arg1 dyes 35:38 anionic and cationic dyes 14:38 anionic and cationic dyes 14:38 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 3 21 theme saturation 548:557 arg1 magnetization 559:571 saturation magnetization 548:571 saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1 548:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 7 22 theme acid 902:905 arg1 orange 907:912 acid orange II 902:915 acid orange II 902:915 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 4 23 theme Adsorption 591:600 arg1 studies 602:608 Adsorption studies 591:608 Adsorption studies 591:608 Adsorption studies revealed that acid orange II adsorbed more favorably on the composite than methylene blue. 31330391 8 24 from pH 1076:1077 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 24 from pH 1076:1077 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 24 from pH 1076:1077 arg1 orange 1063:1068 acid orange II 1058:1071 acid orange II at pH 3 1058:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 24 from pH 1076:1077 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 7 25 theme hydrogen 880:887 arg1 bond 889:892 hydrogen bond 880:892 hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) 880:975 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 8 26 theme acid 1058:1061 arg1 orange 1063:1068 acid orange II 1058:1071 acid orange II at pH 3 1058:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 0 27 theme cationic 26:33 arg1 dyes 35:38 anionic and cationic dyes 14:38 anionic and cationic dyes 14:38 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 3 28 link cross-linked 521:532 arg1 chitosan 534:541 the cross-linked chitosan 517:541 the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1 517:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 6 29 theme adsorption 809:818 arg1 process 820:826 the adsorption process 805:826 the adsorption process 805:826 Liu isotherm model was found to be applicable for the adsorption process. 31330391 7 30 theme bond 889:892 arg1 formation 867:875 the formation 863:875 the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) 863:975 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 3 31 theme cobalt 482:487 arg1 ferrite 489:495 cobalt ferrite 482:495 cobalt ferrite 482:495 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 0 32 theme theoretical 124:134 arg1 studies 136:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 8 33 from base 1154:1157 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 33 from base 1154:1157 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 33 from base 1154:1157 arg1 model 1175:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 33 from base 1154:1157 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 33 from base 1154:1157 arg1 173 mg g-1 1121:1130 173 mg g-1 1121:1130 173 mg g-1 1121:1130 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 7 34 from acidic 953:958 arg1 composite 934:942 the magnetic composite 921:942 the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) 921:975 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 7 34 from acidic 953:958 arg1 orange 907:912 acid orange II 902:915 acid orange II 902:915 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 3 35 theme cross-linked 521:532 arg1 chitosan 534:541 the cross-linked chitosan 517:541 the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1 517:588 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 4 36 dep methylene 685:693 arg1 the 666:668 the 666:668 the 666:668 Adsorption studies revealed that acid orange II adsorbed more favorably on the composite than methylene blue. 31330391 4 36 dep methylene 685:693 arg1 composite 670:678 composite 670:678 composite 670:678 Adsorption studies revealed that acid orange II adsorbed more favorably on the composite than methylene blue. 31330391 8 37 from methylene 1085:1093 arg1 pH 1076:1077 pH 3 1076:1079 pH 3 1076:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 1 38 link cross-linked 157:168 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 38 link cross-linked 157:168 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 38 link cross-linked 157:168 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 8 39 theme 303 K 1148:1152 arg1 base 1154:1157 303 K base 1148:1157 303 K base on Liu isotherm model 1148:1179 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 40 theme isotherm 1166:1173 arg1 model 1175:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Liu isotherm model 1162:1179 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 7 41 theme Computational 829:841 arg1 studies 843:849 Computational studies 829:849 Computational studies 829:849 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 3 42 theme magnetic 428:435 arg1 composite 437:445 the magnetic composite 424:445 the magnetic composite 424:445 The result obtained shows that the magnetic composite was in form of microspheres, while cobalt ferrite was encapsulated in the cross-linked chitosan with saturation magnetization of 10.79 emu g-1. 31330391 7 43 theme alkaline 964:971 arg1 pH 973:974 alkaline pH 964:974 alkaline pH 964:974 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 7 44 from pH 973:974 arg1 composite 934:942 the magnetic composite 921:942 the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) 921:975 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 7 44 from pH 973:974 arg1 orange 907:912 acid orange II 902:915 acid orange II 902:915 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 1 45 theme Spray 145:149 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 45 theme Spray 145:149 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 45 theme Spray 145:149 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 8 46 from pH 1103:1104 arg1 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 542 1113:1115 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 46 from pH 1103:1104 arg1 capacity 1046:1053 Adsorption capacity 1035:1053 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 1035:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 8 46 from pH 1103:1104 arg1 methylene 1085:1093 methylene blue 1085:1098 methylene blue at pH 12 1085:1107 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 0 47 theme dried 68:72 arg1 composite 96:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 8 48 from capacity 1046:1053 arg1 pH 1076:1077 pH 3 1076:1079 pH 3 1076:1079 Adsorption capacity of acid orange II at pH 3 and methylene blue at pH 12 are 542 and 173 mg g-1 respectively at 303 K base on Liu isotherm model. 31330391 7 49 theme blue 1029:1032 arg1 methylene 1019:1027 methylene blue 1019:1032 methylene blue 1019:1032 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31330391 1 50 theme dried 151:155 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 50 theme dried 151:155 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 50 theme dried 151:155 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 4 51 theme blue 695:698 arg1 methylene 685:693 methylene blue 685:698 methylene blue 685:698 Adsorption studies revealed that acid orange II adsorbed more favorably on the composite than methylene blue. 31330391 0 52 theme spray 62:66 arg1 composite 96:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite 62:104 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 0 53 dep Sequestrating 0:12 arg1 studies 136:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Experimental and theoretical studies 107:142 Sequestrating anionic and cationic dyes from wastewater using spray dried biopolymeric magnetic composite: Experimental and theoretical studies. 31330391 1 54 theme cross-linked 157:168 arg1 composite 194:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite 145:202 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 54 theme cross-linked 157:168 arg1 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 blue 296:299 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 1 54 theme cross-linked 157:168 arg1 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 adsorbent 238:246 Spray dried cross-linked chitosan/cobalt ferrite composite was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of acid orange II and methylene blue. 31330391 7 55 theme magnetic 925:932 arg1 composite 934:942 the magnetic composite 921:942 the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) 921:975 Computational studies showed that the formation of hydrogen bond between acid orange II and the magnetic composite (at both acidic and alkaline pH) contributed to its better adsorption than methylene blue. 31279881 0 0 theme pollutant 99:107 arg1 removal 109:115 dye pollutant removal 95:115 dye pollutant removal 95:115 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 1 theme super-absorbent 928:942 arg1 hydrogels 944:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels 920:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels 920:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 2 from hydrogels 618:626 arg1 solution 652:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 0 3 theme dye 95:97 arg1 removal 109:115 dye pollutant removal 95:115 dye pollutant removal 95:115 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 4 with dyes 814:817 arg1 uptakes 872:878 uptakes 872:878 uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 872:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 1 5 theme mechanical 179:188 arg1 properties 190:199 mechanical properties 179:199 mechanical properties 179:199 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 3 6 theme 196 mg/g 896:903 arg1 uptakes 872:878 uptakes 872:878 uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 872:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 4 7 from biodegradability 994:1009 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 8 theme hydroxyethyl 569:580 arg1 hydrogels 618:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels 552:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution 552:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 9 theme aqueous 644:650 arg1 solution 652:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 10 theme swelling 712:719 arg1 ratio 721:725 high swelling ratio 707:725 high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g 707:743 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 4 11 theme commercial 1105:1114 arg1 diapers 1116:1122 commercial diapers 1105:1122 commercial diapers 1105:1122 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 12 theme blue 862:865 arg1 methylene 852:860 methylene blue 852:865 methylene blue 852:865 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 12 theme blue 862:865 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 2 13 theme lignin-based 556:567 arg1 hydrogels 618:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels 552:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution 552:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 3 14 dep dyes 814:817 arg1 methylene 852:860 methylene blue 852:865 methylene blue 852:865 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 14 dep dyes 814:817 arg1 6G 829:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 14 dep dyes 814:817 arg1 violet 841:846 crystal violet 833:846 crystal violet 833:846 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 14 dep dyes 814:817 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 2 15 theme alkaline 635:642 arg1 solution 652:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 the alkaline aqueous solution 631:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 16 theme high 707:710 arg1 ratio 721:725 high swelling ratio 707:725 high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g 707:743 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 1 17 theme practical 296:304 arg1 applications 306:317 their practical applications 290:317 their practical applications 290:317 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 3 18 theme large 778:782 arg1 amounts 784:790 large amounts 778:790 large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 778:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 18 theme large 778:782 arg1 methylene 852:860 methylene blue 852:865 methylene blue 852:865 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 18 theme large 778:782 arg1 6G 829:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 18 theme large 778:782 arg1 violet 841:846 crystal violet 833:846 crystal violet 833:846 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 18 theme large 778:782 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 4 19 from cultivation 1155:1165 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 20 theme branched 436:443 arg1 chains 445:450 branched chains 436:450 branched chains 436:450 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 21 theme short-chain 416:426 arg1 PVAs 428:431 short-chain PVAs 416:431 short-chain PVAs as branched chains 416:450 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 22 theme extended 473:480 arg1 crosslinkers 482:493 extended crosslinkers 473:493 extended crosslinkers 473:493 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 23 theme epichlorohydrin 499:513 arg1 molecules 515:523 epichlorohydrin molecules 499:523 epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers 499:539 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 1 24 dep process 141:147 arg1 hydrogels 264:272 composite hydrogels 254:272 composite hydrogels 254:272 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 4 25 theme dye 1187:1189 arg1 removal 1201:1207 dye pollutant removal 1187:1207 dye pollutant removal 1187:1207 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 26 theme reaction 672:679 arg1 conditions 681:690 mild reaction conditions 667:690 mild reaction conditions 667:690 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 1 27 theme traditional 204:214 arg1 cellulose 216:224 traditional cellulose 204:224 traditional cellulose 204:224 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 0 28 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 preparation 7:17 Facile preparation 0:17 Facile preparation of biomass 0:28 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 29 theme mild 667:670 arg1 conditions 681:690 mild reaction conditions 667:690 mild reaction conditions 667:690 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 30 theme up 730:731 arg1 ratio 721:725 high swelling ratio 707:725 high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g 707:743 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 4 31 theme seed 1150:1153 arg1 cultivation 1155:1165 seed cultivation 1150:1165 seed cultivation 1150:1165 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 32 theme framework 395:403 arg1 backbones 405:413 framework backbones 395:413 framework backbones 395:413 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 33 theme lignin 453:458 arg1 molecules 460:468 lignin molecules 453:468 lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers 453:493 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 3 34 theme crystal 833:839 arg1 violet 841:846 crystal violet 833:846 crystal violet 833:846 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 34 theme crystal 833:839 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 4 35 from applications 1075:1086 arg1 fields 1095:1100 the fields 1091:1100 the fields of commercial diapers 1091:1122 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 36 theme LCP 597:599 arg1 hydrogels 618:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels 552:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution 552:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 4 37 theme excellent 967:975 arg1 retention 983:991 excellent water retention 967:991 excellent water retention 967:991 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 1 38 theme severe 122:127 arg1 process 141:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 39 theme polyvinyl 230:238 arg1 PVA 249:251 PVA 249:251 PVA 249:251 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 39 theme polyvinyl 230:238 arg1 alcohol 240:246 polyvinyl alcohol 230:246 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 230:252 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 0 40 theme hydroxyethyl 43:54 arg1 hydrogel 82:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel 43:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal 43:115 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 41 theme water 977:981 arg1 retention 983:991 excellent water retention 967:991 excellent water retention 967:991 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 42 theme diapers 1116:1122 arg1 fields 1095:1100 the fields 1091:1100 the fields of commercial diapers 1091:1122 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 1 43 theme cellulose 216:224 arg1 properties 164:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 43 theme cellulose 216:224 arg1 properties 190:199 mechanical properties 179:199 mechanical properties 179:199 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 43 theme cellulose 216:224 arg1 alcohol 240:246 polyvinyl alcohol 230:246 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 230:252 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 43 theme cellulose 216:224 arg1 process 141:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 1 43 theme cellulose 216:224 arg1 PVA 249:251 PVA 249:251 PVA 249:251 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 2 44 theme cellulose-PVA 582:594 arg1 hydrogels 618:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels 552:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution 552:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 0 45 theme biomass 22:28 arg1 preparation 7:17 Facile preparation 0:17 Facile preparation of biomass 0:28 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 0 46 theme super-absorbent 66:80 arg1 hydrogel 82:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel 43:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal 43:115 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 47 theme LCP 924:926 arg1 hydrogels 944:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels 920:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels 920:952 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 48 theme charged 806:812 arg1 methylene 852:860 methylene blue 852:865 methylene blue 852:865 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 48 theme charged 806:812 arg1 6G 829:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 48 theme charged 806:812 arg1 violet 841:846 crystal violet 833:846 crystal violet 833:846 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 48 theme charged 806:812 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 1 49 theme preparation 129:139 arg1 process 141:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process 118:147 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 0 50 theme cellulose 56:64 arg1 hydrogel 82:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel 43:89 hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal 43:115 Facile preparation of biomass lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose super-absorbent hydrogel for dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 51 theme dyes 814:817 arg1 amounts 784:790 large amounts 778:790 large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 778:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 51 theme dyes 814:817 arg1 methylene 852:860 methylene blue 852:865 methylene blue 852:865 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 51 theme dyes 814:817 arg1 6G 829:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 51 theme dyes 814:817 arg1 violet 841:846 crystal violet 833:846 crystal violet 833:846 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 51 theme dyes 814:817 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 4 52 from retention 983:991 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 2 53 theme hydroxyethyl 361:372 arg1 HECs 386:389 HECs 386:389 HECs 386:389 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 53 theme hydroxyethyl 361:372 arg1 celluloses 374:383 long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses 350:383 long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones 350:413 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 4 54 theme soil 1125:1128 arg1 retention 1136:1144 soil water retention 1125:1144 soil water retention 1125:1144 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 55 theme rhodamine 819:827 arg1 6G 829:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 rhodamine 6G 819:830 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 3 55 theme rhodamine 819:827 arg1 dyes 814:817 positively charged dyes 795:817 positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 795:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 2 56 theme long-chain 350:359 arg1 HECs 386:389 HECs 386:389 HECs 386:389 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 56 theme long-chain 350:359 arg1 celluloses 374:383 long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses 350:383 long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones 350:413 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 2 57 theme super-absorbent 602:616 arg1 hydrogels 618:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels 552:626 the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution 552:659 To solve these issues, we use long-chain hydroxyethyl celluloses (HECs) as framework backbones, short-chain PVAs as branched chains, lignin molecules as extended crosslinkers and epichlorohydrin molecules as crosslinkers to prepare the lignin-based hydroxyethyl cellulose-PVA (LCP) super-absorbent hydrogels in the alkaline aqueous solution under mild reaction conditions, demonstrating high swelling ratio of up to 1220 g/g. 31279881 4 58 from retention 1136:1144 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 1 59 theme poor 150:153 arg1 properties 164:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 3 60 theme 153 883:885 arg1 uptakes 872:878 uptakes 872:878 uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively 872:917 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 31279881 4 61 from properties 1034:1043 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 62 theme swelling 1025:1032 arg1 properties 1034:1043 excellent swelling properties 1015:1043 excellent swelling properties 1015:1043 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 63 from removal 1201:1207 arg1 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 agriculture 1170:1180 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 4 64 theme pollutant 1191:1199 arg1 removal 1201:1207 dye pollutant removal 1187:1207 dye pollutant removal 1187:1207 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 1 65 theme swelling 155:162 arg1 properties 164:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 poor swelling properties 150:173 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 4 66 theme water 1130:1134 arg1 retention 1136:1144 soil water retention 1125:1144 soil water retention 1125:1144 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 1 67 theme composite 254:262 arg1 hydrogels 264:272 composite hydrogels 254:272 composite hydrogels 254:272 The severe preparation process, poor swelling properties and mechanical properties of traditional cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels heavily limited their practical applications. 31279881 4 68 theme excellent 1015:1023 arg1 properties 1034:1043 excellent swelling properties 1015:1043 excellent swelling properties 1015:1043 The LCP super-absorbent hydrogels also present excellent water retention, biodegradability and excellent swelling properties, which are very promising for applications in the fields of commercial diapers, soil water retention and seed cultivation in agriculture, and dye pollutant removal. 31279881 3 69 theme LCP 750:752 arg1 hydrogels 754:762 The LCP hydrogels 746:762 The LCP hydrogels 746:762 The LCP hydrogels could take up large amounts of positively charged dyes rhodamine 6G, crystal violet and methylene blue with uptakes of 153, 184 and 196 mg/g, respectively. 30963426 0 0 theme central 82:88 arg1 design 100:105 central composite design 82:105 central composite design 82:105 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 1 1 theme central 300:306 arg1 CCD 326:328 CCD 326:328 CCD 326:328 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 1 1 theme central 300:306 arg1 design 318:323 central composite design 300:323 central composite design (CCD) 300:329 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 7 2 theme statistical 1283:1293 arg1 design 1295:1300 statistical design 1283:1300 statistical design 1283:1300 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 8 3 theme Fe 1467:1468 arg1 competition 1452:1462 no competition 1449:1462 no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan 1449:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 3 4 from Cr 596:597 arg1 beads 701:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 1 5 theme composite 308:316 arg1 CCD 326:328 CCD 326:328 CCD 326:328 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 1 5 theme composite 308:316 arg1 design 318:323 central composite design 300:323 central composite design (CCD) 300:329 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 6 6 theme ions 1100:1103 arg1 concentration 1074:1086 the concentration 1070:1086 the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them 1070:1148 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 8 7 theme reaction 1420:1427 arg1 mechanism 1429:1437 the reaction mechanism 1416:1437 the reaction mechanism 1416:1437 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 2 8 dep process 482:488 arg1 VI 470:471 VI 470:471 VI 470:471 The calculation of these effects allowed to know, quantitatively, the variables and the interaction between them that could affect the Cr(VI) removal process. 30963426 7 9 theme experimental 1174:1185 arg1 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 7 9 theme experimental 1174:1185 arg1 conditions 1187:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 6 10 theme chromium 1091:1098 arg1 ions 1100:1103 chromium ions 1091:1103 chromium ions in solution 1091:1115 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 9 11 dep removal 1592:1598 arg1 VI 1588:1589 VI 1588:1589 VI 1588:1589 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 3 12 theme % 680:680 arg1 conditions 536:545 the most favorable conditions 517:545 the most favorable conditions for chromium removal 517:566 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 12 theme % 680:680 arg1 mass 642:645 adsorbent mass 632:645 adsorbent mass of 5 mg 632:653 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 12 theme % 680:680 arg1 following 577:585 the following 573:585 the following 573:585 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 12 theme % 680:680 arg1 content 667:673 Fe(II) content 660:673 Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads 660:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 12 theme % 680:680 arg1 Cr 596:597 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 0 13 theme composite 90:98 arg1 design 100:105 central composite design 82:105 central composite design 82:105 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 4 14 theme adsorption 712:721 arg1 kinetics 723:730 The adsorption kinetics 708:730 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions 708:763 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 3 15 dep Cr 596:597 arg1 concentration 603:615 concentration 603:615 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 15 dep Cr 596:597 arg1 VI 599:600 VI 599:600 VI 599:600 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 0 16 theme theoretical 111:121 arg1 calculations 123:134 theoretical calculations 111:134 theoretical calculations 111:134 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 3 17 theme adsorbent 632:640 arg1 mass 642:645 adsorbent mass 632:645 adsorbent mass of 5 mg 632:653 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 18 from mass 642:645 arg1 beads 701:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 9 19 theme theoretical 1537:1547 arg1 calculations 1549:1560 the theoretical calculations 1533:1560 the theoretical calculations 1533:1560 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 3 20 from following 577:585 arg1 beads 701:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 1 21 dep Cr 290:291 arg1 VI 293:294 VI 293:294 VI 293:294 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 8 22 dep III 1482:1484 arg1 VI 1487:1488 VI 1487:1488 VI 1487:1488 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 7 23 theme operational 1248:1258 arg1 simplicity 1260:1269 the operational simplicity 1244:1269 the operational simplicity coming from statistical design 1244:1300 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 1 24 theme iron 169:172 arg1 oxide 174:178 iron oxide 169:178 iron oxide stabilized by chitosan 169:201 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 0 25 theme oxide 14:18 arg1 composite 27:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite 0:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 0:135 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 3 26 theme 130 mg L-1 620:629 arg1 conditions 536:545 the most favorable conditions 517:545 the most favorable conditions for chromium removal 517:566 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 26 theme 130 mg L-1 620:629 arg1 mass 642:645 adsorbent mass 632:645 adsorbent mass of 5 mg 632:653 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 26 theme 130 mg L-1 620:629 arg1 following 577:585 the following 573:585 the following 573:585 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 26 theme 130 mg L-1 620:629 arg1 content 667:673 Fe(II) content 660:673 Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads 660:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 26 theme 130 mg L-1 620:629 arg1 Cr 596:597 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 27 theme 5 mg 650:653 arg1 conditions 536:545 the most favorable conditions 517:545 the most favorable conditions for chromium removal 517:566 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 27 theme 5 mg 650:653 arg1 mass 642:645 adsorbent mass 632:645 adsorbent mass of 5 mg 632:653 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 27 theme 5 mg 650:653 arg1 following 577:585 the following 573:585 the following 573:585 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 27 theme 5 mg 650:653 arg1 content 667:673 Fe(II) content 660:673 Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads 660:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 27 theme 5 mg 650:653 arg1 Cr 596:597 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1 596:629 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 28 from content 667:673 arg1 beads 701:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 1 29 theme oxide 174:178 arg1 synthesis 156:164 the synthesis 152:164 the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan 152:201 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 0 30 theme Chitosan-iron 0:12 arg1 composite 27:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite 0:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 0:135 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 1 31 theme removal 263:269 arg1 process 271:277 the removal process 259:277 the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) 259:295 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 6 32 from concentration 1074:1086 arg1 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 8 33 dep Cr 1479:1480 arg1 III 1482:1484 III 1482:1484 III 1482:1484 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 7 34 theme chromium 1215:1222 arg1 adsorption 1224:1233 chromium adsorption 1215:1233 chromium adsorption 1215:1233 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 9 35 theme Cr 1585:1586 arg1 effective 1603:1611 effective 1603:1611 effective 1603:1611 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 9 35 theme Cr 1585:1586 arg1 removal 1592:1598 the proposed Cr(VI) removal 1572:1598 the proposed Cr(VI) removal 1572:1598 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 0 36 theme hybrid 20:25 arg1 composite 27:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite 0:35 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 0:135 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 2 37 theme removal 474:480 arg1 process 482:488 the Cr(VI) removal process 463:488 the Cr(VI) removal process 463:488 The calculation of these effects allowed to know, quantitatively, the variables and the interaction between them that could affect the Cr(VI) removal process. 30963426 7 38 from efficient 1202:1210 arg1 adsorption 1224:1233 chromium adsorption 1215:1233 chromium adsorption 1215:1233 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 6 39 dep Cr 1015:1016 arg1 removal 1022:1028 removal 1022:1028 Cr(VI) removal 1015:1028 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 6 39 dep Cr 1015:1016 arg1 VI 1018:1019 VI 1018:1019 VI 1018:1019 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 4 40 theme removal 856:862 arg1 capacity 864:871 high chromium removal capacity 842:871 high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 842:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 40 theme removal 856:862 arg1 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 1 41 theme aqueous 282:288 arg1 Cr 290:291 aqueous Cr 282:291 aqueous Cr(VI) 282:295 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 4 42 theme chitosan/iron 781:793 arg1 material 828:835 an adsorbent material 815:835 an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 815:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 42 theme chitosan/iron 781:793 arg1 composite 802:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 1 43 dep application 227:237 arg1 the 223:225 the 223:225 the 223:225 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 4 44 theme chromium 847:854 arg1 capacity 864:871 high chromium removal capacity 842:871 high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 842:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 44 theme chromium 847:854 arg1 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 1 45 theme Cr 290:291 arg1 process 271:277 the removal process 259:277 the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) 259:295 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 1 46 from optimization 243:254 arg1 process 271:277 the removal process 259:277 the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) 259:295 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 6 47 theme solution 1048:1055 arg1 variable 987:994 the variable 983:994 the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal 983:1028 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 6 47 theme solution 1048:1055 arg1 pH 1038:1039 the pH 1034:1039 the pH of the solution 1034:1055 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 8 48 theme available 1498:1506 arg1 sites 1508:1512 the available sites 1494:1512 the available sites of chitosan 1494:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 8 48 theme available 1498:1506 arg1 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 2 49 theme effects 357:363 arg1 calculation 336:346 The calculation 332:346 The calculation of these effects 332:363 The calculation of these effects allowed to know, quantitatively, the variables and the interaction between them that could affect the Cr(VI) removal process. 30963426 0 50 theme hexavalent 51:60 arg1 removal 71:77 hexavalent chromium removal 51:77 hexavalent chromium removal 51:77 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 6 51 from solution 1108:1115 arg1 concentration 1074:1086 the concentration 1070:1086 the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them 1070:1148 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 6 52 theme interaction 1125:1135 arg1 concentration 1074:1086 the concentration 1070:1086 the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them 1070:1148 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 4 53 theme adsorbent 818:826 arg1 material 828:835 an adsorbent material 815:835 an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 815:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 53 theme adsorbent 818:826 arg1 composite 802:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 8 54 from Cr 1479:1480 arg1 sites 1508:1512 the available sites 1494:1512 the available sites of chitosan 1494:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 8 54 from Cr 1479:1480 arg1 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 8 55 theme stable 1349:1354 arg1 chitosan 1356:1363 the most stable chitosan 1340:1363 the most stable chitosan 1340:1363 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 6 56 from interaction 1125:1135 arg1 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 1 57 from application 227:237 arg1 process 271:277 the removal process 259:277 the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) 259:295 In this study, the synthesis of iron oxide stabilized by chitosan was carried out for the application and optimization in the removal process of aqueous Cr(VI) by central composite design (CCD). 30963426 8 58 theme Theoretical 1303:1313 arg1 calculations 1315:1326 Theoretical calculations 1303:1326 Theoretical calculations 1303:1326 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 4 59 with material 828:835 arg1 capacity 864:871 high chromium removal capacity 842:871 high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 842:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 59 with material 828:835 arg1 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 3 60 theme CT-Fe 695:699 arg1 beads 701:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 the CT-Fe beads 691:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 61 theme Fe 660:661 arg1 content 667:673 Fe(II) content 660:673 Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads 660:705 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 7 62 theme studied 1166:1172 arg1 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 7 62 theme studied 1166:1172 arg1 conditions 1187:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 0 63 dep composite 27:35 arg1 mechanism 38:46 mechanism 38:46 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 0:135 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 9 64 theme proposed 1576:1583 arg1 effective 1603:1611 effective 1603:1611 effective 1603:1611 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 9 64 theme proposed 1576:1583 arg1 removal 1592:1598 the proposed Cr(VI) removal 1572:1598 the proposed Cr(VI) removal 1572:1598 Thus, the theoretical calculations show that the proposed Cr(VI) removal is effective. 30963426 7 65 from adsorption 1224:1233 arg1 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 efficient 1202:1210 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 7 65 from adsorption 1224:1233 arg1 conditions 1187:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 the studied experimental conditions 1162:1196 Therefore, the studied experimental conditions are efficient in chromium adsorption, besides the operational simplicity coming from statistical design. 30963426 3 66 theme chromium 551:558 arg1 removal 560:566 chromium removal 551:566 chromium removal 551:566 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 4 67 theme hybrid 795:800 arg1 material 828:835 an adsorbent material 815:835 an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 815:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 67 theme hybrid 795:800 arg1 composite 802:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 the chitosan/iron hybrid composite 777:810 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 0 68 theme removal 71:77 arg1 mechanism 38:46 mechanism 38:46 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 0:135 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 3 69 theme favorable 526:534 arg1 conditions 536:545 the most favorable conditions 517:545 the most favorable conditions for chromium removal 517:566 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 3 69 theme favorable 526:534 arg1 following 577:585 the following 573:585 the following 573:585 It was also verified that the most favorable conditions for chromium removal were the following: pH 5.0, Cr(VI) concentration of 130 mg L-1, adsorbent mass of 5 mg, and Fe(II) content of 45% (w/w) in the CT-Fe beads. 30963426 8 70 theme chitosan 1517:1524 arg1 sites 1508:1512 the available sites 1494:1512 the available sites of chitosan 1494:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 8 70 theme chitosan 1517:1524 arg1 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 chitosan 1517:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 8 71 with competition 1452:1462 arg1 Cr 1479:1480 Cr 1479:1480 Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan 1479:1524 Theoretical calculations showed that the most stable chitosan was that with Fe(II) in the structure, that is, in the reaction mechanism, there is no competition of Fe(II) with Cr(III, VI) in the available sites of chitosan. 30963426 0 72 theme chromium 62:69 arg1 removal 71:77 hexavalent chromium removal 51:77 hexavalent chromium removal 51:77 Chitosan-iron oxide hybrid composite: mechanism of hexavalent chromium removal by central composite design and theoretical calculations. 30963426 4 73 theme high 842:845 arg1 capacity 864:871 high chromium removal capacity 842:871 high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1) 842:886 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 4 73 theme high 842:845 arg1 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 46.12 mg g-1 874:885 The adsorption kinetics performed under these conditions showed that the chitosan/iron hybrid composite is an adsorbent material with high chromium removal capacity (46.12 mg g-1). 30963426 6 74 from ions 1100:1103 arg1 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 solution 1108:1115 However, it was observed that the variable that most affected Cr(VI) removal was the pH of the solution, followed by the concentration of chromium ions in solution and the interaction between them. 30963426 2 75 theme Cr 467:468 arg1 process 482:488 the Cr(VI) removal process 463:488 the Cr(VI) removal process 463:488 The calculation of these effects allowed to know, quantitatively, the variables and the interaction between them that could affect the Cr(VI) removal process. 29634962 12 0 theme uniform 1480:1486 arg1 distribution 1493:1504 the uniform drug distribution 1476:1504 the uniform drug distribution 1476:1504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 0 1 theme methodology 168:178 arg1 application 136:146 an application 133:146 an application of response surface methodology 133:178 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 4 2 theme first 623:627 arg1 2h 629:630 the first 2h 619:630 the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment 619:678 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 2 3 theme Solvent 392:398 arg1 technique 412:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique was used to develop hydrogel films. 29634962 7 4 theme polymer 900:906 arg1 ratio 908:912 the polymer ratio 896:912 the polymer ratio 896:912 It was observed that by changing the polymer ratio with cross-linker, release rate of metformin could be modified. 29634962 5 5 from swelling 770:777 arg1 % 756:756 T50% 753:756 T50% 753:756 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 12 6 theme microscopy 1442:1451 arg1 images 1459:1464 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1424:1464 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1424:1464 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 11 7 dep Fourier 1240:1246 arg1 transform 1248:1256 transform 1248:1256 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 1248:1285 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 1 8 theme hydrogel 291:298 arg1 films 300:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films 274:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent 274:389 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 13 9 theme CHI 1649:1651 arg1 polymers 1661:1668 CHI and GLN polymers 1649:1668 CHI and GLN polymers 1649:1668 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 5 10 theme polymer 691:697 arg1 ratios 699:704 Different polymer ratios 681:704 Different polymer ratios in formulation 681:719 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 1 11 theme central 196:202 arg1 design 214:219 central composite design 196:219 central composite design 196:219 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 12 12 theme Scanning 1424:1431 arg1 microscopy 1442:1451 Scanning electron microscopy 1424:1451 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1424:1464 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 12 12 theme Scanning 1424:1431 arg1 SEM 1454:1456 SEM 1454:1456 SEM 1454:1456 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 11 13 dep transform 1248:1256 arg1 infrared 1258:1265 infrared 1258:1265 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 1248:1285 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 1 14 used utilized 225:232 arg2 design 214:219 central composite design 196:219 central composite design 196:219 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 0 15 theme surface 160:166 arg1 methodology 168:178 response surface methodology 151:178 response surface methodology 151:178 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 13 16 theme safety 1594:1599 arg1 profile 1601:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 10 17 attach presence 1187:1194 arg2 crystals 1204:1211 drug crystals 1199:1211 drug crystals 1199:1211 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 10 17 attach presence 1187:1194 arg1 system 1232:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 13 18 theme sensitive 1552:1560 arg1 formulation 1572:1582 the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation 1526:1582 formulation 1572:1582 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 6 19 located observed 813:820 arg1 swelling 846:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 6 19 located observed 813:820 arg2 % 807:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 6 19 located observed 813:820 arg1 9.1 858:860 9.1 858:860 9.1 858:860 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 4 20 from 2h 629:630 arg1 environment 668:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 8 21 theme rate 1065:1068 arg1 decreases 1070:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 8 21 theme rate 1065:1068 arg1 increases 1042:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 13 22 theme agent 1713:1717 arg1 concentration 1683:1695 concentration 1683:1695 concentration of crosslinking agent 1683:1717 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 9 23 theme hydrogel 1103:1110 arg1 state 1094:1098 The physical state 1081:1098 The physical state of hydrogel 1081:1110 The physical state of hydrogel was investigated by scanning electron microscope. 29634962 2 24 theme hydrogel 442:449 arg1 films 451:455 hydrogel films 442:455 hydrogel films 442:455 Solvent evaporation technique was used to develop hydrogel films. 29634962 0 25 theme metformin 118:126 arg1 delivery 106:113 pH-sensitive, oral delivery 87:113 pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin 87:126 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 11 26 theme bonds 1332:1336 arg1 presence 1301:1308 the presence 1297:1308 the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent 1297:1376 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 13 27 theme release 1540:1546 arg1 formulation 1572:1582 the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation 1526:1582 formulation 1572:1582 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 1 28 theme films 300:304 arg1 preparation 242:252 preparation 242:252 preparation 242:252 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 1 28 theme films 300:304 arg1 optimization 258:269 optimization 258:269 optimization 258:269 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 7 29 theme metformin 949:957 arg1 rate 941:944 release rate 933:944 release rate of metformin 933:957 It was observed that by changing the polymer ratio with cross-linker, release rate of metformin could be modified. 29634962 9 30 theme scanning 1132:1139 arg1 microscope 1150:1159 scanning electron microscope 1132:1159 scanning electron microscope 1132:1159 The physical state of hydrogel was investigated by scanning electron microscope. 29634962 3 31 theme drug 511:514 arg1 release 516:522 the drug release 507:522 the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h 507:560 The formulated hydrogels were subjected to study the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h. 29634962 0 32 theme genipin 36:42 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 0 32 theme genipin 36:42 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 1 33 theme different 333:341 arg1 concentrations 343:356 different concentrations 333:356 different concentrations of genipin 333:367 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 4 34 theme Initial 563:569 arg1 release 577:583 Initial burst release 563:583 Initial burst release 563:583 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 3 35 theme simulated 531:539 arg1 pH1.2 549:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 The formulated hydrogels were subjected to study the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h. 29634962 0 36 theme chitosan/gelatin 57:72 arg1 hydrogel 74:81 chitosan/gelatin hydrogel 57:81 chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin 57:126 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 5 37 from ratios 699:704 arg1 formulation 709:719 formulation 709:719 formulation 709:719 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 3 38 from release 516:522 arg1 pH1.2 549:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 The formulated hydrogels were subjected to study the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h. 29634962 10 39 theme matrix 1225:1230 arg1 system 1232:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 4 40 theme dissolution 635:645 arg1 2h 629:630 the first 2h 619:630 the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment 619:678 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 7 41 theme release 933:939 arg1 rate 941:944 release rate 933:944 release rate of metformin 933:957 It was observed that by changing the polymer ratio with cross-linker, release rate of metformin could be modified. 29634962 12 42 theme drug 1488:1491 arg1 distribution 1493:1504 the uniform drug distribution 1476:1504 the uniform drug distribution 1476:1504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 4 43 theme gastric 650:656 arg1 environment 668:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 11 44 theme matrix 1409:1414 arg1 system 1416:1421 the matrix system 1405:1421 the matrix system 1405:1421 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 2 45 theme evaporation 400:410 arg1 technique 412:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique was used to develop hydrogel films. 29634962 11 46 from intact 1395:1400 arg1 system 1416:1421 the matrix system 1405:1421 the matrix system 1405:1421 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 8 47 theme release 1008:1014 arg1 rate 1016:1019 the release rate 1004:1019 the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases 1004:1078 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 1 48 theme chitosan-gelatin 274:289 arg1 films 300:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films 274:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent 274:389 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 12 49 theme electron 1433:1440 arg1 microscopy 1442:1451 Scanning electron microscopy 1424:1451 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1424:1464 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 12 49 theme electron 1433:1440 arg1 SEM 1454:1456 SEM 1454:1456 SEM 1454:1456 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the uniform drug distribution. 29634962 10 50 from presence 1187:1194 arg1 system 1232:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 6 51 theme dynamic 838:844 arg1 swelling 846:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 1 52 contain containing 306:315 arg1 films 300:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films 274:304 chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent 274:389 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 1 52 contain containing 306:315 arg2 metformin 317:325 metformin 317:325 metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent 317:389 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 8 53 theme concentration 1028:1040 arg1 decreases 1070:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 8 53 theme concentration 1028:1040 arg1 increases 1042:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 5 54 theme Different 681:689 arg1 ratios 699:704 Different polymer ratios 681:704 Different polymer ratios in formulation 681:719 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 6 55 theme 40.23min 825:832 arg1 swelling 846:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 40.23min and dynamic swelling 825:853 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 11 56 theme crosslinking 1359:1370 arg1 agent 1372:1376 crosslinking agent 1359:1376 crosslinking agent 1359:1376 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 1 57 theme composite 204:212 arg1 design 214:219 central composite design 196:219 central composite design 196:219 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 1 58 dep preparation 242:252 arg1 the 238:240 the 238:240 the 238:240 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 5 59 theme dynamic 762:768 arg1 swelling 770:777 dynamic swelling 762:777 dynamic swelling of hydrogel 762:789 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 1 60 theme genipin 361:367 arg1 concentrations 343:356 different concentrations 333:356 different concentrations of genipin 333:367 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 5 61 theme significant 728:738 arg1 influence 740:748 significant influence 728:748 significant influence on T50% 728:756 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 13 62 theme good 1589:1592 arg1 profile 1601:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 11 63 from system 1416:1421 arg1 intact 1395:1400 intact 1395:1400 intact 1395:1400 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 13 64 theme pH 1549:1550 arg1 formulation 1572:1582 the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation 1526:1582 formulation 1572:1582 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 6 65 theme highest 796:802 arg1 % 807:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 2 66 used used 426:429 arg2 technique 412:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique 392:420 Solvent evaporation technique was used to develop hydrogel films. 29634962 0 67 theme pH-sensitive 87:98 arg1 delivery 106:113 pH-sensitive, oral delivery 87:113 pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin 87:126 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 5 68 theme hydrogel 782:789 arg1 influence 740:748 significant influence 728:748 significant influence on T50% 728:756 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 5 68 theme hydrogel 782:789 arg1 swelling 770:777 dynamic swelling 762:777 dynamic swelling of hydrogel 762:789 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 1 69 theme crosslinking 372:383 arg1 agent 385:389 crosslinking agent 372:389 crosslinking agent 372:389 In this study, central composite design was utilized for the preparation and optimization of chitosan-gelatin hydrogel films containing metformin using different concentrations of genipin as crosslinking agent. 29634962 8 70 theme release 1057:1063 arg1 decreases 1070:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 the release rate decreases 1053:1078 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 8 70 theme release 1057:1063 arg1 increases 1042:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 its concentration increases 1024:1050 Cross-linker also affects the release rate as its concentration increases, the release rate decreases. 29634962 11 71 theme ionic 1326:1330 arg1 bonds 1332:1336 hydrogen and ionic bonds 1313:1336 bonds 1332:1336 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 9 72 theme physical 1085:1092 arg1 state 1094:1098 The physical state 1081:1098 The physical state of hydrogel 1081:1110 The physical state of hydrogel was investigated by scanning electron microscope. 29634962 11 73 theme hydrogen 1313:1320 arg1 bonds 1332:1336 hydrogen and ionic bonds 1313:1336 bonds 1332:1336 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of hydrogen and ionic bonds between polymers and crosslinking agent leaving the drug intact in the matrix system. 29634962 13 74 with formulation 1572:1582 arg1 profile 1601:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 good safety profile 1589:1607 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 10 75 theme drug 1199:1202 arg1 crystals 1204:1211 drug crystals 1199:1211 drug crystals 1199:1211 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 13 76 theme immediate 1530:1538 arg1 formulation 1572:1582 the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation 1526:1582 formulation 1572:1582 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 13 77 dep formulation 1572:1582 arg1 hydrogel 1563:1570 the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation 1526:1582 hydrogel 1563:1570 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 0 78 theme response 151:158 arg1 methodology 168:178 response surface methodology 151:178 response surface methodology 151:178 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 0 79 dep pH-sensitive 87:98 arg1 oral 101:104 oral 101:104 oral 101:104 Fabrication and characterization of genipin cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for pH-sensitive, oral delivery of metformin with an application of response surface methodology. 29634962 9 80 theme electron 1141:1148 arg1 microscope 1150:1159 scanning electron microscope 1132:1159 scanning electron microscope 1132:1159 The physical state of hydrogel was investigated by scanning electron microscope. 29634962 3 81 theme formulated 462:471 arg1 hydrogels 473:481 The formulated hydrogels 458:481 The formulated hydrogels 458:481 The formulated hydrogels were subjected to study the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h. 29634962 4 82 theme burst 571:575 arg1 release 577:583 Initial burst release 563:583 Initial burst release 563:583 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 13 83 theme crosslinking 1700:1711 arg1 agent 1713:1717 crosslinking agent 1700:1717 crosslinking agent 1700:1717 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 13 84 theme GLN 1657:1659 arg1 polymers 1661:1668 CHI and GLN polymers 1649:1668 CHI and GLN polymers 1649:1668 As per conclusion, the immediate release, pH sensitive, hydrogel formulation with good safety profile can be successfully fabricated by using CHI and GLN polymers with varying concentration of crosslinking agent. 29634962 6 85 theme T50 804:806 arg1 % 807:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% 792:807 The highest T50% was observed at 40.23min and dynamic swelling at 9.1. 29634962 3 86 theme gastric 541:547 arg1 pH1.2 549:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 the simulated gastric pH1.2 527:553 The formulated hydrogels were subjected to study the drug release in the simulated gastric pH1.2 for 3h. 29634962 10 87 theme uniform 1179:1185 arg1 presence 1187:1194 the uniform presence 1175:1194 the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system 1175:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 10 88 theme hydrogel 1216:1223 arg1 system 1232:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 hydrogel matrix system 1216:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 29634962 4 89 theme simulated 658:666 arg1 environment 668:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 gastric simulated environment 650:678 Initial burst release was observed from hydrogel during the first 2h of dissolution in gastric simulated environment. 29634962 5 90 from influence 740:748 arg1 % 756:756 T50% 753:756 T50% 753:756 Different polymer ratios in formulation showed significant influence on T50% and dynamic swelling of hydrogel. 29634962 10 91 theme crystals 1204:1211 arg1 presence 1187:1194 the uniform presence 1175:1194 the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system 1175:1237 It indicated the uniform presence of drug crystals in hydrogel matrix system. 30525301 0 0 theme pulp 98:101 arg1 capping 103:109 direct pulp capping 91:109 direct pulp capping 91:109 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 8 1 theme pulp 1100:1103 arg1 appearance 1112:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 7 2 theme porous 932:937 arg1 surface 948:954 porous chitosan surface 932:954 porous chitosan surface 932:954 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 0 3 theme direct 91:96 arg1 capping 103:109 direct pulp capping 91:109 direct pulp capping 91:109 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 4 4 theme occlusal 491:498 arg1 surface 500:506 the occlusal surface 487:506 the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 487:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 7 5 theme Electron 905:912 arg1 microscopy 914:923 Electron microscopy 905:923 Electron microscopy 905:923 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 BPB 724:726 BPB 724:726 BPB without calcium hydroxide 724:752 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 group 759:763 group 3 759:765 group 3 759:765 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 groups 673:678 three groups 667:678 three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide 667:800 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 hydroxide 698:706 calcium hydroxide 690:706 calcium hydroxide alone 690:712 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 BPB 768:770 BPB 768:770 BPB coated with calcium hydroxide 768:800 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 group 715:719 group 2 715:721 group 2 715:721 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 6 dep groups 673:678 arg1 group 681:685 group 1 681:687 group 1 681:687 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 9 7 theme pulp 1204:1207 arg1 tissue 1209:1214 general pulp tissue 1196:1214 general pulp tissue 1196:1214 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 8 8 theme Histological 996:1007 arg1 analysis 1009:1016 Histological analysis 996:1016 Histological analysis 996:1016 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 10 9 theme bovine 1288:1293 arg1 biomembranes 1313:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 8 10 theme tissue 1105:1110 arg1 appearance 1112:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 9 11 theme tissue 1209:1214 arg1 loss 1188:1191 a loss 1186:1191 a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth 1186:1267 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 9 12 theme periapical 1236:1245 arg1 abscess 1247:1253 periapical abscess 1236:1253 periapical abscess 1236:1253 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 10 13 theme Coated 1281:1286 arg1 biomembranes 1313:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 2 14 theme bovine 261:266 arg1 BPB/chitosan 268:279 A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 246:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 238:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 4 15 theme appropriate 591:601 arg1 restorations 623:634 appropriate adhesives/composite restorations 591:634 appropriate adhesives/composite restorations 591:634 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 2 16 theme double-layer 248:259 arg1 BPB/chitosan 268:279 A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 246:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 238:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 2 17 dep METHODS 238:244 arg1 BPB/chitosan 268:279 A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 246:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan 238:279 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 3 18 theme electron 417:424 arg1 microscopy 426:435 electron microscopy 417:435 electron microscopy 417:435 The microstructure of the matrices was evaluated with electron microscopy. 30525301 9 19 theme pulp 1217:1220 arg1 necrosis 1222:1229 pulp necrosis 1217:1229 pulp necrosis 1217:1229 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 3 20 theme matrices 389:396 arg1 microstructure 367:380 The microstructure 363:380 The microstructure of the matrices 363:396 The microstructure of the matrices was evaluated with electron microscopy. 30525301 10 21 theme favorable 1338:1346 arg1 outcomes 1348:1355 favorable outcomes 1338:1355 favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period 1338:1415 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 1 22 theme bovine 162:167 arg1 BPB 194:196 BPB 194:196 BPB 194:196 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 1 22 theme bovine 162:167 arg1 biomembrane 181:191 a bovine pericardium biomembrane 160:191 a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) 160:197 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 8 23 theme normal 1093:1098 arg1 appearance 1112:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 normal pulp tissue appearance 1093:1121 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 10 24 theme exposure 1374:1381 arg1 cases 1360:1364 cases 1360:1364 cases of pulp exposure 1360:1381 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 1 25 theme pericardium 169:179 arg1 BPB 194:196 BPB 194:196 BPB 194:196 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 1 25 theme pericardium 169:179 arg1 biomembrane 181:191 a bovine pericardium biomembrane 160:191 a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) 160:197 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 9 26 theme necrosis 1222:1229 arg1 loss 1188:1191 a loss 1186:1191 a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth 1186:1267 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 4 27 theme mandibular 524:533 arg1 molars 546:551 mandibular left first molars 524:551 Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 511:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 10 28 theme pulp 1369:1372 arg1 exposure 1374:1381 pulp exposure 1369:1381 pulp exposure 1369:1381 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 10 29 theme 30-day 1391:1396 arg1 period 1410:1415 a 30-day observation period 1389:1415 a 30-day observation period 1389:1415 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 10 30 theme CONCLUSION 1270:1279 arg1 biomembranes 1313:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 10 31 theme pericardium-based 1295:1311 arg1 biomembranes 1313:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes 1270:1324 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 4 32 theme adhesives/composite 603:621 arg1 restorations 623:634 appropriate adhesives/composite restorations 591:634 appropriate adhesives/composite restorations 591:634 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 4 33 theme first 540:544 arg1 molars 546:551 mandibular left first molars 524:551 Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 511:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 9 34 theme same 1153:1156 arg1 points 1163:1168 the same time points 1149:1168 the same time points 1149:1168 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 1 35 dep was 145:147 arg1 AIM 112:114 AIM 112:114 AIM 112:114 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 1 36 theme study 139:143 arg1 aim 120:122 The aim 116:122 The aim of the present study 116:143 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 0 37 theme hydroxide-coated 38:53 arg1 biomembranes 74:85 calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes 30:85 calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes 30:85 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 4 38 theme left 535:538 arg1 molars 546:551 mandibular left first molars 524:551 Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 511:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 10 39 theme observation 1398:1408 arg1 period 1410:1415 a 30-day observation period 1389:1415 a 30-day observation period 1389:1415 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 9 40 theme time 1158:1161 arg1 points 1163:1168 the same time points 1149:1168 the same time points 1149:1168 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 5 41 theme calcium 784:790 arg1 hydroxide 792:800 calcium hydroxide 784:800 calcium hydroxide 784:800 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 0 42 theme calcium 30:36 arg1 biomembranes 74:85 calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes 30:85 calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes 30:85 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 5 43 theme calcium 690:696 arg1 hydroxide 698:706 calcium hydroxide 690:706 calcium hydroxide alone 690:712 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 5 43 theme calcium 690:696 arg1 group 681:685 group 1 681:687 group 1 681:687 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 4 44 theme pulp 446:449 arg1 response 451:458 pulp response 446:458 pulp response 446:458 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 7 45 theme cohesive 962:969 arg1 layer 989:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 9 46 from loss 1188:1191 arg1 teeth 1263:1267 some teeth 1258:1267 some teeth 1258:1267 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 8 47 theme odontoblast 1054:1064 arg1 disorganization 1072:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 10 48 from outcomes 1348:1355 arg1 cases 1360:1364 cases 1360:1364 cases of pulp exposure 1360:1381 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 0 49 dep hydroxide-coated 38:53 arg1 pericardium-based 56:72 pericardium-based 56:72 pericardium-based 56:72 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 7 50 theme calcium 971:977 arg1 layer 989:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 9 51 theme general 1196:1202 arg1 tissue 1209:1214 general pulp tissue 1196:1214 general pulp tissue 1196:1214 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 4 52 theme rats 518:521 arg1 surface 500:506 the occlusal surface 487:506 the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 487:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 8 53 theme mild 1049:1052 arg1 disorganization 1072:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 2 54 theme chitosan 314:321 arg1 side 323:326 the porous chitosan side 303:326 the porous chitosan side 303:326 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 4 55 theme Wistar 511:516 arg1 rats 518:521 Wistar rats 511:521 Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 511:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 7 56 theme hydroxide 979:987 arg1 layer 989:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 960:993 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 9 57 theme abscess 1247:1253 arg1 loss 1188:1191 a loss 1186:1191 a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth 1186:1267 At the same time points, group 2 showed a loss of general pulp tissue, pulp necrosis, and periapical abscess in some teeth. 30525301 8 58 theme layer 1066:1070 arg1 disorganization 1072:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 2 59 theme porous 307:312 arg1 side 323:326 the porous chitosan side 303:326 the porous chitosan side 303:326 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 7 60 dep RESULTS 897:903 arg1 showed 925:930 showed 925:930 showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer 925:993 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 5 61 theme calcium 736:742 arg1 hydroxide 744:752 calcium hydroxide 736:752 calcium hydroxide 736:752 The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, calcium hydroxide alone; group 2, BPB without calcium hydroxide; and group 3, BPB coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 7 62 theme chitosan 939:946 arg1 surface 948:954 porous chitosan surface 932:954 porous chitosan surface 932:954 RESULTS Electron microscopy showed porous chitosan surface and a cohesive calcium hydroxide layer. 30525301 1 63 theme present 131:137 arg1 study 139:143 the present study 127:143 the present study 127:143 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 10 64 theme adhesive 1463:1470 arg1 systems 1472:1478 adhesive systems 1463:1478 adhesive systems 1463:1478 CONCLUSION Coated bovine pericardium-based biomembranes resulted in favorable outcomes in cases of pulp exposure after a 30-day observation period, and might protect against injuries caused by adhesive systems and composites. 30525301 2 65 theme calcium 344:350 arg1 hydroxide 352:360 calcium hydroxide 344:360 calcium hydroxide 344:360 METHODS A double-layer bovine BPB/chitosan was manufactured, and the porous chitosan side was coated with calcium hydroxide. 30525301 1 66 theme pulp 215:218 arg1 response 220:227 pulp response 215:227 pulp response 215:227 AIM The aim of the present study was to develop a bovine pericardium biomembrane (BPB) and to evaluate pulp response in vivo. 30525301 0 67 theme biomembranes 74:85 arg1 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 0 67 theme biomembranes 74:85 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development and evaluation of calcium hydroxide-coated, pericardium-based biomembranes for direct pulp capping. 30525301 4 68 dep rats 518:521 arg1 molars 546:551 mandibular left first molars 524:551 Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars 511:551 To test pulp response, cavities were prepared on the occlusal surface of Wistar rats' mandibular left first molars and capped with matrices, followed by appropriate adhesives/composite restorations. 30525301 8 69 contain had 1045:1047 arg2 disorganization 1072:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 mild odontoblast layer disorganization 1049:1086 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30525301 8 69 contain had 1045:1047 arg1 groups 1030:1035 groups 1 and 3 1030:1043 groups 1 and 3 1030:1043 Histological analysis showed that groups 1 and 3 had mild odontoblast layer disorganization, but normal pulp tissue appearance at 7, 14, and 30 days. 30889677 0 0 theme composite 95:103 arg1 electrode 105:113 a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode 63:113 electrode 105:113 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 3 1 theme electron 646:653 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy images 637:671 scanning electron microscopy images 637:671 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 6 2 from determination 1280:1292 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 5 3 dep ranges 1069:1074 arg1 limit 1090:1094 limit 1090:1094 limit of detection 1090:1107 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 1 4 theme graphite 174:181 arg1 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 4 theme graphite 174:181 arg1 -polyurethane 194:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane 174:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) 174:245 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 6 5 theme NIM 1302:1304 arg1 determination 1280:1292 the simultaneous determination 1263:1292 the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples 1263:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 7 6 theme CD 1500:1501 arg1 arrays 1503:1508 CD arrays 1500:1508 CD arrays 1500:1508 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 0 7 theme Polyurethane 82:93 arg1 electrode 105:113 a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode 63:113 electrode 105:113 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 1 8 theme possible 376:383 arg1 electrode 155:163 A composite electrode 143:163 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) 143:245 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 8 theme possible 376:383 arg1 contaminants 385:396 possible contaminants 376:396 possible contaminants in river water samples 376:419 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 9 from contaminants 385:396 arg1 samples 413:419 river water samples 401:419 river water samples 401:419 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 7 10 theme robust 1545:1550 arg1 platform 1570:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform 1543:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses 1543:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 6 11 theme TER 1297:1299 arg1 determination 1280:1292 the simultaneous determination 1263:1292 the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples 1263:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 2 12 theme CD-GrOPUE 466:474 arg1 performance 438:448 the performance 434:448 the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE 434:474 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 5 13 theme optimal 1007:1013 arg1 conditions 1015:1024 optimal conditions 1007:1024 optimal conditions 1007:1024 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 7 14 theme sensor 1563:1568 arg1 platform 1570:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform 1543:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses 1543:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 7 15 theme possible 1515:1522 arg1 development 1528:1538 possible the development 1515:1538 possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses 1515:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 4 16 theme working 910:916 arg1 electrode 918:926 each working electrode 905:926 each working electrode 905:926 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 2 17 used used 506:509 arg2 techniques 490:499 voltammetric techniques 477:499 voltammetric techniques 477:499 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 2 18 theme proposed 457:464 arg1 CD-GrOPUE 466:474 the proposed CD-GrOPUE 453:474 the proposed CD-GrOPUE 453:474 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 3 19 theme energy-dispersive 674:690 arg1 analysis 711:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 1 20 theme river 401:405 arg1 samples 413:419 river water samples 401:419 river water samples 401:419 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 4 21 theme Cyclic 743:748 arg1 voltammograms 750:762 Cyclic voltammograms 743:762 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET 743:793 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 7 22 theme GrO 1491:1493 arg1 modification 1475:1486 the modification 1471:1486 the modification of GrO with CD arrays 1471:1508 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 5 23 theme square-wave 1033:1043 arg1 voltammetry 1045:1055 square-wave voltammetry 1033:1055 square-wave voltammetry 1033:1055 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 1 24 theme water 407:411 arg1 samples 413:419 river water samples 401:419 river water samples 401:419 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 7 25 theme platform 1570:1577 arg1 development 1528:1538 possible the development 1515:1538 possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses 1515:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 1 26 theme GrO 190:192 arg1 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 26 theme GrO 190:192 arg1 -polyurethane 194:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane 174:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) 174:245 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 4 27 theme highest 938:944 arg1 values 959:964 the highest peak current values 934:964 the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE 934:998 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 methocarbamol 352:364 methocarbamol 352:364 methocarbamol (MET) 352:370 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 drugs 304:308 three drugs 298:308 three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET) 298:370 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 nimesulide 330:339 nimesulide 330:339 nimesulide (NIM) 330:345 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 terbutaline 311:321 terbutaline 311:321 terbutaline (TER) 311:327 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 NIM 342:344 NIM 342:344 NIM 342:344 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 MET 367:369 MET 367:369 MET 367:369 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 28 dep drugs 304:308 arg1 TER 324:326 TER 324:326 TER 324:326 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 4 29 theme irreversible 808:819 arg1 behaviour 821:829 an irreversible behaviour 805:829 an irreversible behaviour 805:829 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 7 30 theme simple 1556:1561 arg1 platform 1570:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform 1543:1577 a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses 1543:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 6 31 from samples 1330:1336 arg1 determination 1280:1292 the simultaneous determination 1263:1292 the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples 1263:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 32 theme spectrophotometric 1390:1407 arg1 method 1409:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method 1378:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%) 1378:1445 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 0 33 theme Simultaneous 0:11 arg1 determination 13:25 Simultaneous determination 0:25 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants 0:55 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 0 34 theme environmental 30:42 arg1 contaminants 44:55 environmental contaminants 30:55 environmental contaminants 30:55 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 1 35 theme simultaneous 268:279 arg1 determination 281:293 the simultaneous determination 264:293 the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET) 264:370 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 5 36 dep 2.5-30 1137:1142 arg1 L-1 1196:1198 μmol L-1 1191:1198 μmol L-1 1191:1198 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 6 37 from level 1433:1437 arg1 method 1409:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method 1378:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%) 1378:1445 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 4 38 theme peak 946:949 arg1 values 959:964 the highest peak current values 934:964 the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE 934:998 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 3 39 theme X-ray 692:696 arg1 analysis 711:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 1 40 theme oxide 183:187 arg1 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 PU 209:210 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 40 theme oxide 183:187 arg1 -polyurethane 194:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane 174:206 graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) 174:245 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 2 41 dep fabricated 541:550 arg1 GrPUE 564:568 GrPUE 564:568 GrPUE 564:568 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 2 41 dep fabricated 541:550 arg1 GrOPUE 553:558 GrOPUE 553:558 GrOPUE 553:558 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 3 42 theme spectroscopy 698:709 arg1 analysis 711:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis 674:718 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 4 43 theme 3 mol L-1 871:879 arg1 Ag/AgCl 862:868 Ag/AgCl 862:868 Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl) 862:884 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 4 43 theme 3 mol L-1 871:879 arg1 KCl 881:883 3 mol L-1 KCl 871:883 3 mol L-1 KCl 871:883 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 6 44 from MET 1311:1313 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 45 theme water 1324:1328 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 0 46 theme contaminants 44:55 arg1 determination 13:25 Simultaneous determination 0:25 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants 0:55 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 3 47 dep microscopy 655:664 arg1 images 666:671 images 666:671 scanning electron microscopy images 637:671 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 2 48 theme voltammetric 477:488 arg1 techniques 490:499 voltammetric techniques 477:499 voltammetric techniques 477:499 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 4 49 theme current 951:957 arg1 values 959:964 the highest peak current values 934:964 the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE 934:998 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 5 50 theme detection 1099:1107 arg1 limit 1090:1094 limit 1090:1094 limit of detection 1090:1107 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 0 51 theme graphite 65:72 arg1 oxide 74:78 a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode 63:113 oxide 74:78 Simultaneous determination of environmental contaminants using a graphite oxide - Polyurethane composite electrode modified with cyclodextrin. 30889677 1 52 theme drugs 304:308 arg1 determination 281:293 the simultaneous determination 264:293 the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET) 264:370 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 6 53 theme % 1444:1444 arg1 level 1433:1437 a confidence level 1420:1437 a confidence level of 95% 1420:1444 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 2 54 theme other 519:523 arg1 electrodes 525:534 two other electrodes 515:534 two other electrodes 515:534 To evaluate the performance of the proposed CD-GrOPUE, voltammetric techniques were used and two other electrodes were fabricated (GrOPUE and GrPUE) for comparison. 30889677 3 55 theme GrO 616:618 arg1 functionalization 591:607 The functionalization 587:607 The functionalization of the GrO 587:618 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 5 56 theme linear 1062:1067 arg1 ranges 1069:1074 the linear ranges 1058:1074 the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET 1058:1130 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 5 56 theme linear 1062:1067 arg1 2.5-30 1137:1142 2.5-30 1137:1142 2.5-30 1137:1142 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 6 57 theme river 1318:1322 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 58 theme confidence 1422:1431 arg1 level 1433:1437 a confidence level 1420:1437 a confidence level of 95% 1420:1444 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 7 59 with modification 1475:1486 arg1 arrays 1503:1508 CD arrays 1500:1508 CD arrays 1500:1508 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 7 60 theme environmental 1583:1595 arg1 analyses 1597:1604 environmental analyses 1583:1604 environmental analyses 1583:1604 One can conclude, that the modification of GrO with CD arrays made possible the development of a robust and simple sensor platform for environmental analyses. 30889677 1 61 theme composite 145:153 arg1 electrode 155:163 A composite electrode 143:163 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) 143:245 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 1 61 theme composite 145:153 arg1 contaminants 385:396 possible contaminants 376:396 possible contaminants in river water samples 376:419 A composite electrode based on graphite oxide (GrO)-polyurethane (PU) modified with β-cyclodextrin (CD) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of three drugs: terbutaline (TER), nimesulide (NIM), and methocarbamol (MET), as possible contaminants in river water samples. 30889677 6 62 from TER 1297:1299 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 5 63 theme μmol 1191:1194 arg1 L-1 1196:1198 μmol L-1 1191:1198 μmol L-1 1191:1198 Under optimal conditions, using square-wave voltammetry, the linear ranges obtained (and limit of detection) for TER, NIM, and MET were 2.5-30 (0.55), 0.62-7.3 (0.083), and 0.62-7.3 (0.077) μmol L-1, respectively. 30889677 6 64 theme MET 1311:1313 arg1 determination 1280:1292 the simultaneous determination 1263:1292 the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples 1263:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 65 theme simultaneous 1267:1278 arg1 determination 1280:1292 the simultaneous determination 1263:1292 the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples 1263:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 66 theme analytical 1219:1228 arg1 method 1230:1235 The analytical method 1215:1235 The analytical method developed 1215:1245 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 6 67 theme reference 1380:1388 arg1 method 1409:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method 1378:1414 a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%) 1378:1445 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 30889677 4 68 dep 1.2 V 851:855 arg1 Ag/AgCl 862:868 Ag/AgCl 862:868 Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl) 862:884 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 4 68 dep 1.2 V 851:855 arg1 KCl 881:883 3 mol L-1 KCl 871:883 3 mol L-1 KCl 871:883 Cyclic voltammograms obtained for TER, NIM, and MET indicated an irreversible behaviour at 0.6 V, 0.9 V and 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 KCl)), respectively, on each working electrode, with the highest peak current values been obtained using the CD-GrOPUE. 30889677 3 69 theme scanning 637:644 arg1 microscopy 655:664 scanning electron microscopy images 637:671 scanning electron microscopy images 637:671 The functionalization of the GrO was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and thermogravimetry. 30889677 6 70 from NIM 1302:1304 arg1 samples 1330:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 river water samples 1318:1336 The analytical method developed were applied in the simultaneous determination of TER, NIM, and MET in river water samples, with results like those obtained using a reference spectrophotometric method (at a confidence level of 95%). 31017611 6 0 theme with 905:908 arg1 % 915:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% 890:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min 890:955 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 2 1 theme BACKGROUND 121:130 arg1 var 147:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var 121:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 121:150 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 31017611 11 2 theme tips 1539:1542 arg1 recovery 1521:1528 Step-wise recovery 1511:1528 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators 1511:1637 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 12 3 dep in 1762:1763 arg1 vitro 1765:1769 vitro 1765:1769 vitro 1765:1769 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 4 4 dep OBJECTIVE 262:270 arg1 develop 275:281 develop 275:281 To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds 272:410 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 9 5 theme highest 1342:1348 arg1 regeneration 1358:1369 the highest (65.3%) regeneration 1338:1369 the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips 1338:1397 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 8 6 theme cryopreserved 1126:1138 arg1 explants 1140:1147 cryopreserved explants 1126:1147 cryopreserved explants 1126:1147 Pre-culture and osmoprotection were not critical for the regeneration of cryopreserved explants when either of these treatments was applied. 31017611 3 7 theme conservation 239:250 arg1 strategy 252:259 a comprehensive conservation strategy 223:259 a comprehensive conservation strategy 223:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 5 8 theme in 495:496 arg1 plants 504:509 in vitro plants 495:509 in vitro plants 495:509 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 6 9 theme 40 933:934 arg1 % 935:935 % 935:935 % 935:935 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 5 10 theme plants 504:509 arg1 tips 487:490 tips 487:490 tips of in vitro plants 487:509 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 3 11 from species 197:203 arg1 need 215:218 urgent need 208:218 urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 208:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 13 12 from regeneration 1980:1991 arg1 tips 2036:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 6 13 dep % 915:915 arg1 sucrose 937:943 40% sucrose 933:943 40% sucrose 933:943 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 6 13 dep % 915:915 arg1 glycerol 922:929 40% glycerol 918:929 40% glycerol 918:929 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 6 14 dep % 839:839 arg1 glycerol 848:855 17.5% glycerol 842:855 17.5% glycerol 842:855 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 6 14 dep % 839:839 arg1 sucrose 865:871 17.5% sucrose 859:871 17.5% sucrose 859:871 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 11 15 theme shoot 1718:1722 arg1 tips 1724:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 5 16 theme pre-culture 592:602 arg1 improvement 577:587 improvement 577:587 improvement of pre-culture 577:602 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 5 16 theme pre-culture 592:602 arg1 osmoprotection 605:618 osmoprotection 605:618 osmoprotection 605:618 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 5 16 theme pre-culture 592:602 arg1 unloading 650:658 unloading 650:658 unloading 650:658 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 5 16 theme pre-culture 592:602 arg1 treatments 677:686 post-culture treatments 664:686 post-culture treatments 664:686 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 5 16 theme pre-culture 592:602 arg1 solution 635:642 vitrification solution 621:642 vitrification solution 621:642 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 6 17 theme 40 918:919 arg1 % 920:920 % 920:920 % 920:920 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 7 18 theme altaicus 983:990 arg1 tips 972:975 tips 972:975 tips of A. altaicus 972:990 RESULTS Shoot tips of A. altaicus were found to be moderately sensitive to the osmotic stress. 31017611 9 19 theme shoot 1388:1392 arg1 tips 1394:1397 cryopreserved shoot tips 1374:1397 cryopreserved shoot tips 1374:1397 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 20 theme shoot 2030:2034 arg1 tips 2036:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 6 21 theme starting 693:700 arg1 protocol 702:709 The starting protocol 689:709 The starting protocol 689:709 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 13 22 theme healthy 1996:2002 arg1 plants 2004:2009 healthy plants 1996:2009 healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips 1996:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 12 23 theme complementary 1829:1841 arg1 Cryopreservation 1742:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation 1730:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1730:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 12 23 theme complementary 1829:1841 arg1 approach 1856:1863 a complementary conservation approach 1827:1863 a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus 1827:1879 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 6 24 theme % 759:759 arg1 sucrose 761:767 17.5% sucrose 755:767 17.5% sucrose 755:767 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 5 25 theme vitrification 621:633 arg1 solution 635:642 vitrification solution 621:642 vitrification solution 621:642 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 4 26 theme in 328:329 arg1 tips 343:346 in vitro shoot tips 328:346 in vitro shoot tips 328:346 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 13 27 theme composition 1900:1910 arg1 Adjustment 1882:1891 Adjustment 1882:1891 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage 1882:1956 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 3 28 theme urgent 208:213 arg1 need 215:218 urgent need 208:218 urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 208:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 11 29 from tips 1539:1542 arg1 medium 1561:1566 ammonium-free medium 1547:1566 ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium 1547:1611 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 30 with Osmoprotection 1194:1207 arg1 % 1219:1219 C4-35% 1214:1219 C4-35% 1214:1219 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 0 31 theme Endangered 20:29 arg1 Species 36:42 Endangered Wild Species 20:42 Endangered Wild Species 20:42 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 12 32 theme in 1762:1763 arg1 tips 1777:1780 in vitro shoot tips 1762:1780 in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1762:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 4 33 theme efficient 286:294 arg1 protocol 313:320 an efficient cryopreservation protocol 283:320 an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds 283:410 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 0 34 theme Species 36:42 arg1 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species 0:42 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 0 34 theme Species 36:42 arg1 var 60:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 9 35 theme modified 1281:1288 arg1 % 1276:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 35 theme modified 1281:1288 arg1 PVS2 1302:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 12 36 theme shoot 1771:1775 arg1 tips 1777:1780 in vitro shoot tips 1762:1780 in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1762:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 6 37 theme % 863:863 arg1 sucrose 865:871 17.5% sucrose 859:871 17.5% sucrose 859:871 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 4 38 theme traditional 362:372 arg1 approaches 387:396 traditional conservation approaches 362:396 traditional conservation approaches 362:396 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 0 39 theme Aster 45:49 arg1 var 60:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 0 39 theme Aster 45:49 arg1 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species 0:42 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 9 40 theme diluted 1294:1300 arg1 % 1276:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 40 theme diluted 1294:1300 arg1 PVS2 1302:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 10 41 theme alternative 1406:1416 arg1 VSs 1418:1420 alternative VSs 1406:1420 alternative VSs tested 1406:1427 Among alternative VSs tested, A3-80% and B5-80% were superior to PVS2 and PVS3 used under the same conditions. 31017611 6 42 theme % 846:846 arg1 glycerol 848:855 17.5% glycerol 842:855 17.5% glycerol 842:855 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 4 43 theme shoot 337:341 arg1 tips 343:346 in vitro shoot tips 328:346 in vitro shoot tips 328:346 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 2 44 theme Aster 132:136 arg1 var 147:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var 121:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 121:150 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 31017611 13 45 theme media 1924:1928 arg1 composition 1900:1910 the composition 1896:1910 the composition of regrowth media 1896:1928 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 6 46 theme cryoprotection 890:903 arg1 % 915:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% 890:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min 890:955 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 3 47 theme comprehensive 225:237 arg1 strategy 252:259 a comprehensive conservation strategy 223:259 a comprehensive conservation strategy 223:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 7 48 theme osmotic 1037:1043 arg1 stress 1045:1050 the osmotic stress 1033:1050 the osmotic stress 1033:1050 RESULTS Shoot tips of A. altaicus were found to be moderately sensitive to the osmotic stress. 31017611 9 49 from Osmoprotection 1194:1207 arg1 ice 1224:1226 ice 1224:1226 ice 1224:1226 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 5 50 theme post-culture 664:675 arg1 treatments 677:686 post-culture treatments 664:686 post-culture treatments 664:686 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 4 51 theme case 401:404 arg1 seeds 406:410 case seeds 401:410 case seeds 401:410 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 11 52 theme shoot 1533:1537 arg1 tips 1539:1542 shoot tips 1533:1542 shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators 1533:1637 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 5 53 theme droplet-vitrification 538:558 arg1 method 560:565 a droplet-vitrification method 536:565 a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments 536:686 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 6 54 theme % 935:935 arg1 sucrose 937:943 40% sucrose 933:943 40% sucrose 933:943 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 3 55 theme strategy 252:259 arg1 need 215:218 urgent need 208:218 urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 208:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 11 56 theme VS-treated 1689:1698 arg1 tips 1724:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 8 57 theme explants 1140:1147 arg1 regeneration 1110:1121 the regeneration 1106:1121 the regeneration of cryopreserved explants 1106:1147 Pre-culture and osmoprotection were not critical for the regeneration of cryopreserved explants when either of these treatments was applied. 31017611 10 58 theme same 1494:1497 arg1 conditions 1499:1508 the same conditions 1490:1508 the same conditions 1490:1508 Among alternative VSs tested, A3-80% and B5-80% were superior to PVS2 and PVS3 used under the same conditions. 31017611 6 59 theme % 920:920 arg1 glycerol 922:929 40% glycerol 918:929 40% glycerol 918:929 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 6 60 with osmoprotection 814:827 arg1 % 915:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% 890:915 cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min 890:955 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 6 60 with osmoprotection 814:827 arg1 % 839:839 C4-35% 834:839 C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min 834:883 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 11 61 theme tips 1724:1727 arg1 regeneration 1668:1679 the normal regeneration 1657:1679 the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1657:1727 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 62 theme cryopreserved 1374:1386 arg1 tips 1394:1397 cryopreserved shoot tips 1374:1397 cryopreserved shoot tips 1374:1397 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 4 63 theme conservation 450:461 arg1 programs 463:470 conservation programs 450:470 conservation programs 450:470 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 1 64 dep Kitam 75:79 arg1 Using 82:86 Using 82:86 Using Droplet-Vitrification Procedure 82:118 uchiyamae Kitam, Using Droplet-Vitrification Procedure. 31017611 9 65 with cryoprotection 1251:1264 arg1 % 1276:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 A3-80% 1271:1276 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 65 with cryoprotection 1251:1264 arg1 PVS2 1302:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 a modified and diluted PVS2 1279:1305 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 11 66 theme cryopreserved 1704:1716 arg1 tips 1724:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1684:1727 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 67 theme cryopreserved 2016:2028 arg1 tips 2036:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 cryopreserved shoot tips 2016:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 9 68 theme tips 1394:1397 arg1 regeneration 1358:1369 the highest (65.3%) regeneration 1338:1369 the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips 1338:1397 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 3 69 theme uchiyamae 152:160 arg1 species 197:203 an endemic and endangered species 171:203 an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 171:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 3 69 theme uchiyamae 152:160 arg1 Kitam 162:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 5 70 dep in 495:496 arg1 vitro 498:502 vitro 498:502 vitro 498:502 METHODS Shoot tips of in vitro plants were cryopreserved using a droplet-vitrification method following improvement of pre-culture, osmoprotection, vitrification solution (VS), unloading and post-culture treatments. 31017611 11 71 theme growth 1621:1626 arg1 regulators 1628:1637 growth regulators 1621:1637 growth regulators 1621:1637 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 3 72 theme endemic 174:180 arg1 species 197:203 an endemic and endangered species 171:203 an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 171:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 3 72 theme endemic 174:180 arg1 Kitam 162:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 11 73 theme normal 1661:1666 arg1 regeneration 1668:1679 the normal regeneration 1657:1679 the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips 1657:1727 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 74 theme plants 2004:2009 arg1 regeneration 1980:1991 the regeneration 1976:1991 the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips 1976:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 12 75 theme conservation 1843:1854 arg1 Cryopreservation 1742:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation 1730:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1730:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 12 75 theme conservation 1843:1854 arg1 approach 1856:1863 a complementary conservation approach 1827:1863 a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus 1827:1879 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 11 76 from medium 1561:1566 arg1 recovery 1521:1528 Step-wise recovery 1511:1528 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators 1511:1637 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 4 77 theme cryopreservation 296:311 arg1 protocol 313:320 an efficient cryopreservation protocol 283:320 an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds 283:410 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 6 78 theme 17.5 755:758 arg1 % 759:759 % 759:759 % 759:759 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 3 79 theme endangered 186:195 arg1 species 197:203 an endemic and endangered species 171:203 an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy 171:259 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 3 79 theme endangered 186:195 arg1 Kitam 162:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam 152:166 uchiyamae Kitam is an endemic and endangered species in urgent need of a comprehensive conservation strategy. 31017611 0 80 theme Wild 31:34 arg1 Species 36:42 Endangered Wild Species 20:42 Endangered Wild Species 20:42 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 1 81 theme Droplet-Vitrification 88:108 arg1 Procedure 110:118 Droplet-Vitrification Procedure 88:118 Droplet-Vitrification Procedure 88:118 uchiyamae Kitam, Using Droplet-Vitrification Procedure. 31017611 12 82 theme tips 1777:1780 arg1 Cryopreservation 1742:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation 1730:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1730:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 12 82 theme tips 1777:1780 arg1 approach 1856:1863 a complementary conservation approach 1827:1863 a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus 1827:1879 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 11 83 theme ammonium-free 1547:1559 arg1 medium 1561:1566 ammonium-free medium 1547:1566 ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium 1547:1611 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 0 84 theme altaicus 51:58 arg1 var 60:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Aster altaicus var 45:62 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 0 84 theme altaicus 51:58 arg1 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation 0:15 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species 0:42 Cryopreservation of Endangered Wild Species, Aster altaicus var. 31017611 12 85 theme CONCLUSIONS 1730:1740 arg1 Cryopreservation 1742:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation 1730:1757 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification 1730:1808 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 12 85 theme CONCLUSIONS 1730:1740 arg1 approach 1856:1863 a complementary conservation approach 1827:1863 a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus 1827:1879 CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of in vitro shoot tips using droplet-vitrification was developed as a complementary conservation approach for A. altaicus. 31017611 6 86 theme 17.5 859:862 arg1 % 863:863 % 863:863 % 863:863 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 11 87 from recovery 1521:1528 arg1 medium 1561:1566 ammonium-free medium 1547:1566 ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium 1547:1611 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 2 88 theme altaicus 138:145 arg1 var 147:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var 121:149 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 121:150 BACKGROUND Aster altaicus var. 31017611 9 89 dep highest 1342:1348 arg1 % 1355:1355 65.3% 1351:1355 65.3% 1351:1355 Osmoprotection with C4-35% on ice for 60 min followed by cryoprotection with A3-80%, a modified and diluted PVS2, on ice for 60 min resulted in the highest (65.3%) regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 90 theme recovery 1943:1950 arg1 stage 1952:1956 recovery stage 1943:1956 recovery stage 1943:1956 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 4 91 theme conservation 374:385 arg1 approaches 387:396 traditional conservation approaches 362:396 traditional conservation approaches 362:396 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 11 92 theme GA3-containing 1580:1593 arg1 medium 1595:1600 GA3-containing medium 1580:1600 GA3-containing medium 1580:1600 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 4 93 dep in 328:329 arg1 vitro 331:335 vitro 331:335 vitro 331:335 OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol using in vitro shoot tips to complement traditional conservation approaches in case seeds are not available or insufficient for conservation programs. 31017611 6 94 theme 17.5 842:845 arg1 % 846:846 % 846:846 % 846:846 The starting protocol included step-wise pre-culture with 10% and 17.5% sucrose for 55 h and 17 h, respectively, followed by osmoprotection with C4-35% (17.5% glycerol + 17.5% sucrose) for 30 min, and cryoprotection with B5-80% (40% glycerol + 40% sucrose) for 60 min. 31017611 13 95 from tips 2036:2039 arg1 regeneration 1980:1991 the regeneration 1976:1991 the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips 1976:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 95 from tips 2036:2039 arg1 plants 2004:2009 healthy plants 1996:2009 healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips 1996:2039 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 11 96 theme Step-wise 1511:1519 arg1 recovery 1521:1528 Step-wise recovery 1511:1528 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators 1511:1637 Step-wise recovery of shoot tips on ammonium-free medium followed by GA3-containing medium and medium without growth regulators were critical for the normal regeneration of both VS-treated and cryopreserved shoot tips. 31017611 13 97 theme regrowth 1915:1922 arg1 media 1924:1928 regrowth media 1915:1928 regrowth media 1915:1928 Adjustment of the composition of regrowth media depending on recovery stage was important for the regeneration of healthy plants from cryopreserved shoot tips. 30711220 5 0 theme furfural 742:749 arg1 yield 751:755 the highest furfural yield 730:755 the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds 730:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 1 theme choline 171:177 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 1 theme choline 171:177 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 4 2 theme Reacted 563:569 arg1 fronds 580:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 6 3 theme reaction 868:875 arg1 duration 877:884 suitable reaction duration 859:884 suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length 859:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 1 4 theme chloride-dicarboxylic 179:199 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 4 theme chloride-dicarboxylic 179:199 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 2 5 from effects 339:345 arg1 DES 425:427 each DES 420:427 each DES on furfural production 420:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 5 from effects 339:345 arg1 production 441:450 furfural production 432:450 furfural production 432:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 6 6 theme chloride-malonic 957:972 arg1 acid 974:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 7 theme % 714:714 arg1 acid 701:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid 669:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) 669:719 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 7 theme % 714:714 arg1 H2O 716:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 8 theme suitable 859:866 arg1 duration 877:884 suitable reaction duration 859:884 suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length 859:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 1 9 theme oil 286:288 arg1 fronds 295:300 oil palm fronds 286:300 oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst 286:332 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 0 10 theme mild 104:107 arg1 conditions 109:118 mild conditions 104:118 mild conditions 104:118 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 3 11 theme oil 540:542 arg1 60-300 min 550:559 60-300 min 550:559 60-300 min 550:559 Oil palm fronds, DES and water (0-5 ml) were mixed and reacted in an oil bath (60-300 min). 30711220 3 11 theme oil 540:542 arg1 bath 544:547 an oil bath 537:547 an oil bath (60-300 min) 537:560 Oil palm fronds, DES and water (0-5 ml) were mixed and reacted in an oil bath (60-300 min). 30711220 2 12 theme dicarboxylic 380:391 arg1 acids 393:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 1 13 theme palm 290:293 arg1 fronds 295:300 oil palm fronds 286:300 oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst 286:332 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 5 14 dep % 765:765 arg1 % 804:804 up to 72.79% 793:804 up to 72.79% 793:804 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 15 theme cellulose 771:779 arg1 composition 781:791 cellulose composition 771:791 cellulose composition 771:791 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 16 theme chloride-succinic 999:1015 arg1 acid 1017:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 17 theme palm 825:828 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 18 theme acid 201:204 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 18 theme acid 201:204 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 4 19 theme oil 571:573 arg1 fronds 580:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 5 20 theme composition 781:791 arg1 yield 751:755 the highest furfural yield 730:755 the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds 730:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 21 theme based 206:210 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 21 theme based 206:210 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 0 22 theme furfural 8:15 arg1 production 17:26 One-pot furfural production 0:26 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 0:67 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 5 23 from composition 781:791 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 24 from fronds 295:300 arg1 production 270:279 furfural production 261:279 furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst 261:332 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 4 25 theme cellulose-rich-valuable 621:643 arg1 by-products 645:655 cellulose-rich-valuable by-products 621:655 cellulose-rich-valuable by-products 621:655 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 6 26 with acid 903:906 arg1 length 933:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 1 27 theme deep 212:215 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 27 theme deep 212:215 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 0 28 theme One-pot 0:6 arg1 production 17:26 One-pot furfural production 0:26 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 0:67 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 5 29 theme reacted 813:819 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 30 theme oil 821:823 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 31 theme eutectic 217:224 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 31 theme eutectic 217:224 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 5 32 theme chloride-oxalic 685:699 arg1 acid 701:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid 669:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) 669:719 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 32 theme chloride-oxalic 685:699 arg1 H2O 716:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 1 33 theme solvents 226:233 arg1 performances 125:136 The performances 121:136 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 121:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 5 34 from fronds 830:835 arg1 yield 751:755 the highest furfural yield 730:755 the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds 730:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 35 theme chain 927:931 arg1 length 933:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 2 36 theme length 373:378 arg1 acids 393:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 37 theme furfural 432:439 arg1 production 441:450 furfural production 432:450 furfural production 432:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 0 38 theme chloride-dicarboxylic 42:62 arg1 acid 64:67 choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 34:67 choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 34:67 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 1 39 theme additional 314:323 arg1 catalyst 325:332 any additional catalyst 310:332 any additional catalyst 310:332 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 6 40 theme carbon 920:925 arg1 chain 927:931 carbon chain 920:931 longer carbon chain length 913:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 2 41 theme water 403:407 arg1 content 409:415 water content 403:415 water content in each DES on furfural production 403:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 3 42 theme palm 475:478 arg1 fronds 480:485 Oil palm fronds 471:485 Oil palm fronds 471:485 Oil palm fronds, DES and water (0-5 ml) were mixed and reacted in an oil bath (60-300 min). 30711220 0 43 theme choline 34:40 arg1 acid 64:67 choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 34:67 choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid 34:67 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 6 44 theme longer 913:918 arg1 length 933:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 longer carbon chain length 913:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 45 theme 16.4 wt 707:713 arg1 acid 701:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid 669:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) 669:719 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 45 theme 16.4 wt 707:713 arg1 H2O 716:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 46 theme aqueous 941:947 arg1 acid 974:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 2 47 from content 409:415 arg1 DES 425:427 each DES 420:427 each DES on furfural production 420:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 47 from content 409:415 arg1 production 441:450 furfural production 432:450 furfural production 432:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 5 48 theme % 765:765 arg1 yield 751:755 the highest furfural yield 730:755 the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds 730:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 49 theme highest 734:740 arg1 yield 751:755 the highest furfural yield 730:755 the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds 730:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 2 50 theme chain 367:371 arg1 acids 393:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 51 theme acids 393:397 arg1 content 409:415 water content 403:415 water content in each DES on furfural production 403:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 51 theme acids 393:397 arg1 effects 339:345 The effects 335:345 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 335:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 4 52 theme palm 575:578 arg1 fronds 580:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 2 53 theme carbon 360:365 arg1 acids 393:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 6 54 theme dicarboxylic 890:901 arg1 acid 903:906 dicarboxylic acid 890:906 dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length 890:938 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 55 theme aqueous 669:675 arg1 acid 701:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid 669:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) 669:719 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 55 theme aqueous 669:675 arg1 H2O 716:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 56 from yield 751:755 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 57 theme choline 991:997 arg1 acid 1017:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 1 58 theme various 141:147 arg1 anhydrous 149:157 various anhydrous 141:157 various anhydrous 141:157 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 6 59 theme choline 949:955 arg1 acid 974:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid 941:977 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 60 theme choline 677:683 arg1 acid 701:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid 669:704 aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) 669:719 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 5 60 theme choline 677:683 arg1 H2O 716:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 16.4 wt% H2O 707:718 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 6 61 theme furfural 1044:1051 arg1 yield 1053:1057 furfural yield 1044:1057 furfural yield of less than 1% 1044:1073 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 1 62 theme anhydrous 149:157 arg1 performances 125:136 The performances 121:136 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 121:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 2 63 theme different 350:358 arg1 acids 393:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 350:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 0 64 theme eutectic 80:87 arg1 solvents 89:96 deep eutectic solvents 75:96 deep eutectic solvents 75:96 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 6 65 theme % 1073:1073 arg1 yield 1053:1057 furfural yield 1044:1057 furfural yield of less than 1% 1044:1073 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 5 66 dep 72.79 799:803 arg1 to 796:797 to 796:797 to 796:797 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 2 67 from DES 425:427 arg1 production 441:450 furfural production 432:450 furfural production 432:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 3 68 theme Oil 471:473 arg1 fronds 480:485 Oil palm fronds 471:485 Oil palm fronds 471:485 Oil palm fronds, DES and water (0-5 ml) were mixed and reacted in an oil bath (60-300 min). 30711220 6 69 theme aqueous 983:989 arg1 acid 1017:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid 983:1020 Despite operating at suitable reaction duration for dicarboxylic acid with longer carbon chain length, aqueous choline chloride-malonic acid and aqueous choline chloride-succinic acid performed poorly with furfural yield of less than 1%. 30711220 0 70 theme deep 75:78 arg1 solvents 89:96 deep eutectic solvents 75:96 deep eutectic solvents 75:96 One-pot furfural production using choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents under mild conditions. 30711220 5 71 from % 765:765 arg1 fronds 830:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 the reacted oil palm fronds 809:835 At 100 °C, aqueous choline chloride-oxalic acid (16.4 wt% H2O) produced the highest furfural yield of 26.34% and cellulose composition up to 72.79% in the reacted oil palm fronds. 30711220 4 72 contain had 587:589 arg2 potential 595:603 the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products 591:655 the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products 591:655 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 4 72 contain had 587:589 arg1 fronds 580:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds 563:585 Reacted oil palm fronds had the potential to be reused as cellulose-rich-valuable by-products. 30711220 2 73 from production 441:450 arg1 content 409:415 water content 403:415 water content in each DES on furfural production 403:450 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 2 73 from production 441:450 arg1 effects 339:345 The effects 335:345 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids 335:397 The effects of different carbon chain length dicarboxylic acids and water content in each DES on furfural production were investigated. 30711220 1 74 theme aqueous 163:169 arg1 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 DESs 236:239 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 74 theme aqueous 163:169 arg1 solvents 226:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents 163:233 aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 163:240 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30711220 1 75 theme furfural 261:268 arg1 production 270:279 furfural production 261:279 furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst 261:332 The performances of various anhydrous and aqueous choline chloride-dicarboxylic acid based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for furfural production from oil palm fronds without any additional catalyst. 30227212 0 0 theme composite 91:99 arg1 film 101:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 4 1 theme composite 530:538 arg1 films 540:544 The composite films 526:544 The composite films 526:544 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 7 2 theme coated 1045:1050 arg1 films 1062:1066 coated composite films 1045:1066 coated composite films 1045:1066 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 0 3 dep activity 135:142 arg1 nanoparticles 20:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 0:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film 0:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 6 4 theme films 916:920 arg1 study 877:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study 817:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films 817:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 1 5 theme alcohol 248:254 arg1 film 275:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film 225:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process 225:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 0 6 theme fibroin-PVA 79:89 arg1 film 101:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 9 7 theme composite 1283:1291 arg1 films 1293:1297 composite films 1283:1297 composite films 1283:1297 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 7 8 theme SF-PVA 1129:1134 arg1 film 1146:1149 SF-PVA composite film 1129:1149 SF-PVA composite film 1129:1149 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 8 9 theme @ 1221:1221 arg1 NPs 1226:1228 the C@ZnO NPs 1216:1228 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 6 10 theme viability 867:875 arg1 study 877:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study 817:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films 817:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 6 11 theme coated 886:891 arg1 films 916:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 9 12 theme films 1293:1297 arg1 properties 1269:1278 obtained properties 1260:1278 obtained properties of composite films 1260:1297 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 7 13 theme ZnO 1118:1120 arg1 NPs 1122:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 6 14 theme degree 830:835 arg1 study 877:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study 817:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films 817:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 1 15 theme SF-PVA 257:262 arg1 film 275:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film 225:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process 225:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 0 16 from technique 61:69 arg1 film 101:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 7 17 theme NPs 1122:1124 arg1 concentrations 1098:1111 the concentrations 1094:1111 the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs 1094:1124 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 6 18 theme swelling 821:828 arg1 degree 830:835 swelling degree 821:835 swelling degree 821:835 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 0 19 theme synergistic 109:119 arg1 activity 135:142 A synergistic antibacterial activity 107:142 A synergistic antibacterial activity 107:142 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 6 20 theme composite 906:914 arg1 films 916:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 7 21 theme C 1116:1116 arg1 NPs 1122:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 7 22 theme surface 977:983 arg1 area 985:988 the specific surface area 964:988 the specific surface area 964:988 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 8 23 theme films 1247:1251 arg1 nature 1202:1207 the cytocompatible nature 1183:1207 the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1183:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 1 24 theme C 184:184 arg1 NPs 190:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 24 theme C 184:184 arg1 nanoparticles 169:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 145:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) 145:193 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 3 25 theme coated 411:416 arg1 films 428:432 The coated composite films 407:432 The coated composite films 407:432 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 6 26 theme uncoated 897:904 arg1 films 916:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 coated and uncoated composite films 886:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 5 27 theme nitrogen 792:799 arg1 adsorption 805:814 nitrogen gas adsorption 792:814 nitrogen gas adsorption 792:814 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 8 28 theme cytocompatible 1187:1200 arg1 nature 1202:1207 the cytocompatible nature 1183:1207 the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1183:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 1 29 theme @ 185:185 arg1 NPs 190:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 29 theme @ 185:185 arg1 nanoparticles 169:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 145:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) 145:193 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 0 30 theme chitosan-ZnO 7:18 arg1 nanoparticles 20:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 0:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film 0:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 9 31 theme obtained 1260:1267 arg1 properties 1269:1278 obtained properties 1260:1278 obtained properties of composite films 1260:1297 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 5 32 theme BET 772:774 arg1 analysis 777:784 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis 748:784 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis 748:784 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 1 33 theme ZnO 186:188 arg1 NPs 190:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 33 theme ZnO 186:188 arg1 nanoparticles 169:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 145:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) 145:193 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 0 34 theme Hybrid 0:5 arg1 nanoparticles 20:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 0:32 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film 0:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 1 35 theme composite 265:273 arg1 film 275:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film 225:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process 225:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 8 36 theme coated 1230:1235 arg1 films 1247:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 8 37 theme Cell 1152:1155 arg1 viability 1157:1165 Cell viability 1152:1165 Cell viability 1152:1165 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 8 38 theme composite 1237:1245 arg1 films 1247:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 9 39 used used 1350:1353 arg2 material 1328:1335 this material 1323:1335 this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications 1323:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 9 39 used used 1350:1353 arg2 applications 1387:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 7 40 theme specific 968:975 arg1 area 985:988 the specific surface area 964:988 the specific surface area 964:988 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 8 41 theme C 1220:1220 arg1 NPs 1226:1228 the C@ZnO NPs 1216:1228 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 9 42 theme antibacterial 1358:1370 arg1 applications 1387:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 9 42 theme antibacterial 1358:1370 arg1 material 1328:1335 this material 1323:1335 this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications 1323:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 3 43 theme Gram-positive 484:496 arg1 bacteria 516:523 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 484:523 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 484:523 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 0 44 theme antibacterial 121:133 arg1 activity 135:142 A synergistic antibacterial activity 107:142 A synergistic antibacterial activity 107:142 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 4 45 dep spectroscopy 625:636 arg1 studies 685:691 studies 685:691 studies 685:691 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 2 46 theme antibacterial 370:382 arg1 activity 384:391 their synergistic antibacterial activity 352:391 their synergistic antibacterial activity 352:391 These are systematically studied for their synergistic antibacterial activity and reported. 30227212 3 47 theme composite 418:426 arg1 films 428:432 The coated composite films 407:432 The coated composite films 407:432 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 3 48 theme excellent 443:451 arg1 activity 467:474 the excellent antibacterial activity 439:474 the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 439:523 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 1 49 theme sonochemical 285:296 arg1 process 306:312 a sonochemical coating process 283:312 a sonochemical coating process 283:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 5 50 theme gas 801:803 arg1 adsorption 805:814 nitrogen gas adsorption 792:814 nitrogen gas adsorption 792:814 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 4 51 dep transform 606:614 arg1 infrared 616:623 infrared 616:623 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies 606:691 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 9 52 theme material 1328:1335 arg1 potential 1310:1318 the potential 1306:1318 the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications 1306:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 7 53 theme mechanical 1022:1031 arg1 property 1033:1040 mechanical property 1022:1040 mechanical property 1022:1040 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 4 54 theme Electron 659:666 arg1 SEM 680:682 SEM 680:682 SEM 680:682 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 4 54 theme Electron 659:666 arg1 Microscopy 668:677 Scanning Electron Microscopy 650:677 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 650:683 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 7 55 theme composite 1136:1144 arg1 film 1146:1149 SF-PVA composite film 1129:1149 SF-PVA composite film 1129:1149 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 1 56 theme coating 298:304 arg1 process 306:312 a sonochemical coating process 283:312 a sonochemical coating process 283:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 7 57 theme composite 1052:1060 arg1 films 1062:1066 coated composite films 1045:1066 coated composite films 1045:1066 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 4 58 dep Fourier 598:604 arg1 transform 606:614 transform 606:614 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies 606:691 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 0 59 theme sonochemical 48:59 arg1 technique 61:69 a sonochemical technique 46:69 a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film 46:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 7 60 theme films 1062:1066 arg1 porosity 991:998 porosity 991:998 porosity 991:998 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 7 60 theme films 1062:1066 arg1 degree 1010:1015 swelling degree 1001:1015 swelling degree 1001:1015 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 7 60 theme films 1062:1066 arg1 area 985:988 the specific surface area 964:988 the specific surface area 964:988 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 7 60 theme films 1062:1066 arg1 property 1033:1040 mechanical property 1022:1040 mechanical property 1022:1040 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 6 61 theme cell 862:865 arg1 viability 867:875 cell viability 862:875 cell viability 862:875 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 7 62 theme @ 1117:1117 arg1 NPs 1122:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 C@ZnO NPs 1116:1124 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 8 63 dep study 1167:1171 arg1 confirmed 1173:1181 confirmed 1173:1181 study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1167:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 4 64 theme X-ray 573:577 arg1 XRD 592:594 XRD 592:594 XRD 592:594 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 4 64 theme X-ray 573:577 arg1 Fourier 598:604 Fourier 598:604 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies 598:691 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 4 64 theme X-ray 573:577 arg1 diffraction 579:589 X-ray diffraction 573:589 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 573:595 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 5 65 theme specific 698:705 arg1 area 715:718 The specific surface area 694:718 The specific surface area 694:718 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 3 66 theme Gram-negative 502:514 arg1 bacteria 516:523 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 484:523 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 484:523 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 9 67 theme wound 1372:1376 arg1 applications 1387:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 9 67 theme wound 1372:1376 arg1 material 1328:1335 this material 1323:1335 this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications 1323:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 5 68 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 748:769 arg1 analysis 777:784 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis 748:784 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis 748:784 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 5 69 theme surface 707:713 arg1 area 715:718 The specific surface area 694:718 The specific surface area 694:718 The specific surface area and porosity are studied by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis under nitrogen gas adsorption. 30227212 6 70 theme property 849:856 arg1 study 877:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study 817:881 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films 817:920 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 7 71 theme swelling 1001:1008 arg1 degree 1010:1015 swelling degree 1001:1015 swelling degree 1001:1015 The results showed that the specific surface area, porosity, swelling degree, and mechanical property of coated composite films increased with increasing the concentrations of C@ZnO NPs on SF-PVA composite film. 30227212 2 72 theme synergistic 358:368 arg1 activity 384:391 their synergistic antibacterial activity 352:391 their synergistic antibacterial activity 352:391 These are systematically studied for their synergistic antibacterial activity and reported. 30227212 9 73 theme dressing 1378:1385 arg1 applications 1387:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 antibacterial wound dressing applications 1358:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 9 73 theme dressing 1378:1385 arg1 material 1328:1335 this material 1323:1335 this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications 1323:1398 Thus, obtained properties of composite films reveal the potential of this material which can be used as antibacterial wound dressing applications. 30227212 0 74 theme silk 74:77 arg1 film 101:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 silk fibroin-PVA composite film 74:104 Hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles coated with a sonochemical technique on silk fibroin-PVA composite film: A synergistic antibacterial activity. 30227212 6 75 theme mechanical 838:847 arg1 property 849:856 mechanical property 838:856 mechanical property 838:856 The swelling degree, mechanical property and cell viability study of coated and uncoated composite films are investigated. 30227212 4 76 theme Scanning 650:657 arg1 SEM 680:682 SEM 680:682 SEM 680:682 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 4 76 theme Scanning 650:657 arg1 Microscopy 668:677 Scanning Electron Microscopy 650:677 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 650:683 The composite films are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies. 30227212 1 77 theme hybrid 149:154 arg1 NPs 190:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 77 theme hybrid 149:154 arg1 nanoparticles 169:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 145:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) 145:193 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 3 78 theme antibacterial 453:465 arg1 activity 467:474 the excellent antibacterial activity 439:474 the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 439:523 The coated composite films show the excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 30227212 1 79 theme Silk 225:228 arg1 film 275:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film 225:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process 225:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 8 80 theme ZnO 1222:1224 arg1 NPs 1226:1228 the C@ZnO NPs 1216:1228 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 8 81 theme NPs 1226:1228 arg1 films 1247:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films 1212:1251 Cell viability study confirmed the cytocompatible nature of all the C@ZnO NPs coated composite films. 30227212 1 82 theme chitosan-ZnO 156:167 arg1 NPs 190:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 C@ZnO NPs 184:192 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 82 theme chitosan-ZnO 156:167 arg1 nanoparticles 169:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles 145:181 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) 145:193 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30227212 1 83 theme fibroin-polyvinyl 230:246 arg1 film 275:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film 225:278 Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process 225:312 The hybrid chitosan-ZnO nanoparticles (C@ZnO NPs) are synthesized and coated on Silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol (SF-PVA) composite film by a sonochemical coating process. 30772407 9 0 from use 1348:1350 arg1 industry 1355:1362 industry 1355:1362 industry 1355:1362 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 8 1 theme dye 1112:1114 arg1 stability 1088:1096 the color stability 1078:1096 the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time 1078:1130 The composite greatly improved the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time in the extent. 30772407 3 2 theme basal 333:337 arg1 value 350:354 a basal d001-space value 331:354 a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) 331:382 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 3 2 theme basal 333:337 arg1 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 5 3 theme chitosan-bentonite 637:654 arg1 composite 661:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite 637:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity 637:698 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 7 4 theme dye-adsorbed 951:962 arg1 composite 964:972 the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 936:972 the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 936:972 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 1 5 theme water-soluble 172:184 arg1 dyes 194:197 water-soluble natural dyes 172:197 water-soluble natural dyes 172:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 3 6 theme composite 363:371 arg1 value 350:354 a basal d001-space value 331:354 a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) 331:382 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 3 6 theme composite 363:371 arg1 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 4 7 dep FT-IR 504:508 arg1 measurement 518:528 measurement 518:528 measurement 518:528 FT-IR and SEM measurement also suggested that new compound was formed. 30772407 5 8 theme clay 656:659 arg1 composite 661:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite 637:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity 637:698 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 5 9 theme soluble 581:587 arg1 dye 589:591 Water soluble dye 575:591 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood 575:617 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 5 10 from capacity 691:698 arg1 composite 661:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite 637:669 chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity 637:698 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 9 11 dep use 1348:1350 arg1 wider 1338:1342 wider 1338:1342 wider 1338:1342 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 6 12 theme different 760:768 arg1 values 773:778 different pH values 760:778 different pH values 760:778 The dye-adsorbed composite showed different color shade at different pH values. 30772407 9 13 theme work 1167:1170 arg1 results 1151:1157 The results 1147:1157 The results of this work 1147:1170 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 6 14 theme dye-adsorbed 705:716 arg1 composite 718:726 The dye-adsorbed composite 701:726 The dye-adsorbed composite 701:726 The dye-adsorbed composite showed different color shade at different pH values. 30772407 7 15 theme sappanwood 940:949 arg1 composite 964:972 the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 936:972 the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 936:972 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 7 16 theme ambient 860:866 arg1 temperature 868:878 ambient temperature 860:878 ambient temperature 860:878 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 1 17 theme natural 186:192 arg1 dyes 194:197 water-soluble natural dyes 172:197 water-soluble natural dyes 172:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 9 18 theme soluble 1280:1286 arg1 dyes 1288:1291 water soluble dyes 1274:1291 water soluble dyes 1274:1291 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 8 19 dep stability 1088:1096 arg1 time 1127:1130 about five time 1116:1130 the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time 1078:1130 The composite greatly improved the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time in the extent. 30772407 9 20 theme high 1179:1182 arg1 potential 1184:1192 high potential 1179:1192 high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry 1179:1362 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 1 21 theme dyes 194:197 arg1 matrix 162:167 adsorbent matrix 152:167 adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes 152:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 1 21 theme dyes 194:197 arg1 composite 118:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 3 22 theme d001-space 339:348 arg1 value 350:354 a basal d001-space value 331:354 a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) 331:382 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 3 22 theme d001-space 339:348 arg1 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 higher 387:392 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 1 23 theme Chitosan-bentonite 94:111 arg1 matrix 162:167 adsorbent matrix 152:167 adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes 152:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 1 23 theme Chitosan-bentonite 94:111 arg1 composite 118:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 1 24 theme clay 113:116 arg1 matrix 162:167 adsorbent matrix 152:167 adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes 152:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 1 24 theme clay 113:116 arg1 composite 118:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 7 25 theme fluorescent 834:844 arg1 light 846:850 fluorescent light 834:850 fluorescent light 834:850 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 9 26 theme color 1317:1321 arg1 stability 1323:1331 the color stability 1313:1331 the color stability 1313:1331 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 7 27 theme color 920:924 arg1 change 926:931 the color change 916:931 the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 916:972 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 7 27 theme color 920:924 arg1 less 977:980 less 977:980 less 977:980 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 7 28 theme sappanwood 1010:1019 arg1 powder 1021:1026 the unadsorbed sappanwood powder 995:1026 the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions 995:1044 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 4 29 theme new 550:552 arg1 compound 554:561 new compound 550:561 new compound 550:561 FT-IR and SEM measurement also suggested that new compound was formed. 30772407 9 30 theme chitosan-bentonite 1201:1218 arg1 composite 1225:1233 the chitosan-bentonite clay composite 1197:1233 the chitosan-bentonite clay composite 1197:1233 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 1 31 theme adsorbent 152:160 arg1 matrix 162:167 adsorbent matrix 152:167 adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes 152:197 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 1 31 theme adsorbent 152:160 arg1 composite 118:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite 94:126 Chitosan-bentonite clay composite was prepared for use as adsorbent matrix of water-soluble natural dyes. 30772407 0 32 theme adsorbent 43:51 arg1 matrix 53:58 natural adsorbent matrix 35:58 natural adsorbent matrix 35:58 Chitosan intercalated bentonite as natural adsorbent matrix for water-soluble sappanwood dye. 30772407 9 33 theme clay 1220:1223 arg1 composite 1225:1233 the chitosan-bentonite clay composite 1197:1233 the chitosan-bentonite clay composite 1197:1233 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 2 34 theme rough 250:254 arg1 texture 256:262 a relatively rough texture 237:262 a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite 237:303 The addition of chitosan resulted in a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite. 30772407 0 35 theme natural 35:41 arg1 matrix 53:58 natural adsorbent matrix 35:58 natural adsorbent matrix 35:58 Chitosan intercalated bentonite as natural adsorbent matrix for water-soluble sappanwood dye. 30772407 3 36 theme bentonite 407:415 arg1 14.525 Å 423:430 14.525 Å 423:430 14.525 Å 423:430 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 3 36 theme bentonite 407:415 arg1 clay 417:420 bentonite clay 407:420 bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay 407:501 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 9 37 theme composite 1225:1233 arg1 potential 1184:1192 high potential 1179:1192 high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry 1179:1362 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 6 38 theme pH 770:771 arg1 values 773:778 different pH values 760:778 different pH values 760:778 The dye-adsorbed composite showed different color shade at different pH values. 30772407 7 39 theme color 785:789 arg1 stability 791:799 The color stability 781:799 The color stability 781:799 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 8 40 theme sappanwood 1101:1110 arg1 dye 1112:1114 sappanwood dye 1101:1114 sappanwood dye 1101:1114 The composite greatly improved the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time in the extent. 30772407 5 41 theme % 678:678 arg1 capacity 691:698 81.5% adsorption capacity 674:698 81.5% adsorption capacity 674:698 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 8 42 theme color 1082:1086 arg1 stability 1088:1096 the color stability 1078:1096 the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time 1078:1130 The composite greatly improved the color stability of sappanwood dye about five time in the extent. 30772407 5 43 theme 81.5 674:677 arg1 % 678:678 % 678:678 % 678:678 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 3 44 theme XRD 306:308 arg1 analysis 310:317 XRD analysis 306:317 XRD analysis 306:317 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 2 45 theme chitosan 216:223 arg1 addition 204:211 The addition 200:211 The addition of chitosan 200:223 The addition of chitosan resulted in a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite. 30772407 2 46 theme composite 271:279 arg1 texture 256:262 a relatively rough texture 237:262 a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite 237:303 The addition of chitosan resulted in a relatively rough texture of the composite compared with bentonite. 30772407 7 47 theme composite 964:972 arg1 change 926:931 the color change 916:931 the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite 916:972 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 7 47 theme composite 964:972 arg1 less 977:980 less 977:980 less 977:980 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 7 48 from powder 1021:1026 arg1 conditions 1035:1044 all conditions 1031:1044 all conditions 1031:1044 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 5 49 theme adsorption 680:689 arg1 capacity 691:698 81.5% adsorption capacity 674:698 81.5% adsorption capacity 674:698 Water soluble dye extracted from sappanwood was adsorbed onto chitosan-bentonite clay composite at 81.5% adsorption capacity. 30772407 7 50 theme unadsorbed 999:1008 arg1 powder 1021:1026 the unadsorbed sappanwood powder 995:1026 the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions 995:1044 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30772407 6 51 theme color 745:749 arg1 shade 751:755 different color shade 735:755 different color shade 735:755 The dye-adsorbed composite showed different color shade at different pH values. 30772407 0 52 theme sappanwood 78:87 arg1 dye 89:91 water-soluble sappanwood dye 64:91 water-soluble sappanwood dye 64:91 Chitosan intercalated bentonite as natural adsorbent matrix for water-soluble sappanwood dye. 30772407 9 53 theme adsorbent 1253:1261 arg1 matrix 1263:1268 adsorbent matrix 1253:1268 adsorbent matrix 1253:1268 The results of this work showed high potential of the chitosan-bentonite clay composite to be employed as adsorbent matrix for water soluble dyes and help increasing the color stability thus wider its use in industry. 30772407 6 54 theme different 735:743 arg1 shade 751:755 different color shade 735:755 different color shade 735:755 The dye-adsorbed composite showed different color shade at different pH values. 30772407 3 55 theme clay 498:501 arg1 layer 489:493 the layer 485:493 the layer of clay 485:501 XRD analysis showed that a basal d001-space value of the composite (15.545 Å) is higher than that of bentonite clay (14.525 Å) which indicates that chitosan was intercalated into the layer of clay. 30772407 0 56 theme water-soluble 64:76 arg1 dye 89:91 water-soluble sappanwood dye 64:91 water-soluble sappanwood dye 64:91 Chitosan intercalated bentonite as natural adsorbent matrix for water-soluble sappanwood dye. 30772407 7 57 theme dark 884:887 arg1 condition 889:897 dark condition 884:897 dark condition 884:897 The color stability was investigated under sunlight, fluorescent light, 45 °C, ambient temperature and dark condition for 4 weeks, and the color change of the sappanwood dye-adsorbed composite is less than that of the unadsorbed sappanwood powder in all conditions. 30995448 0 0 theme Strain 102:107 arg1 Induction 57:65 the Cytokine Induction 44:65 the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 44:107 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 1 1 theme bacterial 153:161 arg1 vector 171:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 1 theme bacterial 153:161 arg1 ivanovi 119:125 Listeria ivanovi 110:125 Listeria ivanovi (LI) 110:130 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 0 2 theme Vaccine 94:100 arg1 Strain 102:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 1 3 theme vaccine 163:169 arg1 vector 171:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 3 theme vaccine 163:169 arg1 ivanovi 119:125 Listeria ivanovi 110:125 Listeria ivanovi (LI) 110:130 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 4 4 theme COS 591:593 arg1 coating 595:601 COS coating 591:601 COS coating 591:601 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 5 5 theme CD4+ 786:789 arg1 IFN-γ 791:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 3 6 theme superficial 563:573 arg1 configurations 575:588 special superficial configurations 555:588 special superficial configurations 555:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 5 7 theme naked 874:878 arg1 < 930:930 p < 0.01 928:935 p < 0.01 928:935 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 7 theme naked 874:878 arg1 LI-Rv0129c 880:889 naked LI-Rv0129c 874:889 naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01) 874:936 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 6 8 theme immune 1034:1039 arg1 responses 1041:1049 the protective cellular immune responses 1010:1049 the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains 1010:1085 These results demonstrated that COS is a promising adjuvant to enhance the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains. 30995448 6 9 theme LI-based 1062:1069 arg1 strains 1079:1085 LI-based vaccine strains 1062:1085 LI-based vaccine strains 1062:1085 These results demonstrated that COS is a promising adjuvant to enhance the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains. 30995448 7 10 theme other 1156:1160 arg1 vaccines 1185:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 Our work provided a notion for developing adjuvant for Listeria and other bacterial vector-based vaccines. 30995448 4 11 theme p 691:691 arg1 % 688:688 0.54% to 2.88% 675:688 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001) 675:700 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 4 11 theme p 691:691 arg1 < 693:693 p < 0.001 691:699 p < 0.001 691:699 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 5 12 theme IFN-γ 817:821 arg1 secretion 823:831 CD8+ IFN-γ secretion 812:831 CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) 812:867 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 4 13 theme macrophage-like 639:653 arg1 cells 664:668 the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells 635:668 the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells 635:668 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 3 14 theme COS 438:440 arg1 solution 442:449 COS solution 438:449 COS solution 438:449 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 15 theme COS-bacteria 347:358 arg1 composite 360:368 COS-bacteria composite 347:368 COS-bacteria composite 347:368 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 5 16 theme higher 770:775 arg1 IFN-γ 791:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 3 17 theme solution 442:449 arg1 volume 428:433 equal volume 422:433 equal volume of COS solution 422:449 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 18 theme configurations 575:588 arg1 formation 542:550 formation 542:550 formation of special superficial configurations 542:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 18 theme configurations 575:588 arg1 bacteria 502:509 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 18 theme configurations 575:588 arg1 potential 528:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 4 19 theme 2.88 684:687 arg1 % 679:679 % 679:679 % 679:679 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 5 20 theme CD4+ 798:801 arg1 TNF-α 803:807 CD4+ TNF-α 798:807 CD4+ TNF-α 798:807 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 2 21 with candidates 224:233 arg1 COSs 276:279 COSs 276:279 COSs 276:279 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 2 21 with candidates 224:233 arg1 chitooligosaccharides 253:273 chitooligosaccharides 253:273 chitooligosaccharides (COSs) 253:280 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 1 22 theme Listeria 110:117 arg1 LI 128:129 LI 128:129 LI 128:129 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 22 theme Listeria 110:117 arg1 ivanovi 119:125 Listeria ivanovi 110:125 Listeria ivanovi (LI) 110:130 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 22 theme Listeria 110:117 arg1 vector 171:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 2 23 theme vaccine 216:222 arg1 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 2 23 theme vaccine 216:222 arg1 candidates 224:233 LI-based vaccine candidates 207:233 LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) 207:280 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 3 24 theme special 555:561 arg1 configurations 575:588 special superficial configurations 555:588 special superficial configurations 555:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 4 25 theme RAW264.7 655:662 arg1 cells 664:668 the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells 635:668 the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells 635:668 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 3 26 dep bacteria 502:509 arg1 formation 542:550 formation 542:550 formation of special superficial configurations 542:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 26 dep bacteria 502:509 arg1 bacteria 502:509 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 26 dep bacteria 502:509 arg1 potential 528:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 27 theme bacteria 502:509 arg1 increase 490:497 the increase 486:497 the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 486:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 28 theme superficial 511:521 arg1 bacteria 502:509 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 28 theme superficial 511:521 arg1 potential 528:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 0 29 theme Cytokine 48:55 arg1 Induction 57:65 the Cytokine Induction 44:65 the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 44:107 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 7 30 theme vector-based 1172:1183 arg1 vaccines 1185:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 Our work provided a notion for developing adjuvant for Listeria and other bacterial vector-based vaccines. 30995448 5 31 theme p 928:928 arg1 < 930:930 p < 0.01 928:935 p < 0.01 928:935 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 31 theme p 928:928 arg1 LI-Rv0129c 880:889 naked LI-Rv0129c 874:889 naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01) 874:936 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 3 32 theme equal 422:426 arg1 volume 428:433 equal volume 422:433 equal volume of COS solution 422:449 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 5 33 theme specific 777:784 arg1 IFN-γ 791:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ 756:795 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 34 theme LI-Rv0129c 727:736 arg1 strain 738:743 the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain 712:743 the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain 712:743 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 3 35 theme bacteria 397:404 arg1 suspension 406:415 the bacteria suspension 393:415 the bacteria suspension 393:415 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 7 36 theme bacterial 1162:1170 arg1 vaccines 1185:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 other bacterial vector-based vaccines 1156:1192 Our work provided a notion for developing adjuvant for Listeria and other bacterial vector-based vaccines. 30995448 5 37 dep LI-Rv0129c 880:889 arg1 % 910:910 0.07% 906:910 0.07% 906:910 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 37 dep LI-Rv0129c 880:889 arg1 % 896:896 0.32% 892:896 0.32% 892:896 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 37 dep LI-Rv0129c 880:889 arg1 % 903:903 0.38% 899:903 0.38% 899:903 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 2 38 theme LI-based 207:214 arg1 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 LI-Rv0129c 236:245 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 2 38 theme LI-based 207:214 arg1 candidates 224:233 LI-based vaccine candidates 207:233 LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) 207:280 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 1 39 theme live 148:151 arg1 vector 171:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 39 theme live 148:151 arg1 ivanovi 119:125 Listeria ivanovi 110:125 Listeria ivanovi (LI) 110:130 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 2 40 dep adjuvant 288:295 arg1 enhance 300:306 enhance 300:306 to enhance the cellular immune responses induced 297:344 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 5 41 dep secretion 823:831 arg1 % 838:838 0.91% 834:838 0.91% 834:838 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 41 dep secretion 823:831 arg1 % 845:845 1.00% 841:845 1.00% 841:845 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 5 41 dep secretion 823:831 arg1 % 852:852 0.30% 848:852 0.30% 848:852 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 0 42 with Coating 0:6 arg1 Chitooligosaccharides 13:33 Chitooligosaccharides 13:33 Chitooligosaccharides 13:33 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 2 43 theme immune 321:326 arg1 responses 328:336 the cellular immune responses 308:336 the cellular immune responses induced 308:344 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 6 44 theme cellular 1025:1032 arg1 responses 1041:1049 the protective cellular immune responses 1010:1049 the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains 1010:1085 These results demonstrated that COS is a promising adjuvant to enhance the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains. 30995448 5 45 theme COS-coated 716:725 arg1 strain 738:743 the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain 712:743 the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain 712:743 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 6 46 theme vaccine 1071:1077 arg1 strains 1079:1085 LI-based vaccine strains 1062:1085 LI-based vaccine strains 1062:1085 These results demonstrated that COS is a promising adjuvant to enhance the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains. 30995448 2 47 theme cellular 312:319 arg1 responses 328:336 the cellular immune responses 308:336 the cellular immune responses induced 308:344 This work attempted to coat LI-based vaccine candidates (LI-Rv0129c) with chitooligosaccharides (COSs) as an adjuvant to enhance the cellular immune responses induced. 30995448 0 48 theme ivanovii-Based 79:92 arg1 Strain 102:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 4 49 dep % 679:679 arg1 to 681:682 to 681:682 to 681:682 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 5 50 theme CD8+ 812:815 arg1 secretion 823:831 CD8+ IFN-γ secretion 812:831 CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) 812:867 In vivo, the COS-coated LI-Rv0129c strain did elicit significantly higher specific CD4+ IFN-γ, CD4+ TNF-α or CD8+ IFN-γ secretion (0.91%, 1.00%, 0.30%, respectively) than naked LI-Rv0129c (0.32%, 0.38%, 0.07%, respectively) (p < 0.01). 30995448 1 51 theme available 138:146 arg1 vector 171:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 an available live bacterial vaccine vector 135:176 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 1 51 theme available 138:146 arg1 ivanovi 119:125 Listeria ivanovi 110:125 Listeria ivanovi (LI) 110:130 Listeria ivanovi (LI) is an available live bacterial vaccine vector. 30995448 4 52 theme 0.54 675:678 arg1 % 679:679 % 679:679 % 679:679 COS coating improved the ratio swallowed by the macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells from 0.54% to 2.88% (p < 0.001). 30995448 0 53 theme Listeria 70:77 arg1 Strain 102:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain 70:107 Coating With Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Cytokine Induction of Listeria ivanovii-Based Vaccine Strain. 30995448 6 54 theme protective 1014:1023 arg1 responses 1041:1049 the protective cellular immune responses 1010:1049 the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains 1010:1085 These results demonstrated that COS is a promising adjuvant to enhance the protective cellular immune responses induced by LI-based vaccine strains. 30995448 3 55 theme zeta 523:526 arg1 bacteria 502:509 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations 502:588 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30995448 3 55 theme zeta 523:526 arg1 potential 528:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 superficial zeta potential 511:536 COS-bacteria composite was achieved by mixing the bacteria suspension with equal volume of COS solution, and this process accompanied with the increase of bacteria superficial zeta potential and formation of special superficial configurations. 30600061 4 0 theme Scanning 646:653 arg1 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 0 theme Scanning 646:653 arg1 microscopy 677:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy 646:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) 646:693 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 2 1 theme trace 339:343 arg1 levels 345:350 trace levels 339:350 trace levels 339:350 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 3 2 theme electrospun 622:632 arg1 nanofibers 634:643 electrospun nanofibers 622:643 electrospun nanofibers 622:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 7 3 theme wide 1365:1368 arg1 range 1385:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 6 4 theme water 1214:1218 arg1 samples 1220:1226 water samples 1214:1226 water samples 1214:1226 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 4 5 theme rGO 890:892 arg1 system 901:906 CNW:rGO hybrid system 886:906 CNW:rGO hybrid system 886:906 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 6 6 theme mercury 1203:1209 arg1 concentrations 1185:1198 very low concentrations 1176:1198 very low concentrations of mercury 1176:1209 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 3 7 theme hybrid 505:510 arg1 nanoarchitecture 512:527 a green hybrid nanoarchitecture 497:527 a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers 497:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 0 8 theme electrochemical 103:117 arg1 detection 119:127 the electrochemical detection 99:127 the electrochemical detection of mercury(II) 99:142 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 7 9 theme dynamic 1370:1376 arg1 range 1385:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 2 10 theme capable 283:289 arg1 techniques 272:281 expedite techniques 263:281 expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water 263:328 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 7 11 theme low 1341:1343 arg1 limit 1355:1359 low detection limit 1341:1359 low detection limit 1341:1359 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 0 12 theme mercury 132:138 arg1 detection 119:127 the electrochemical detection 99:127 the electrochemical detection of mercury(II) 99:142 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 4 13 theme termogravimetric 793:808 arg1 analysis 810:817 termogravimetric analysis 793:817 termogravimetric analysis (TGA) 793:823 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 13 theme termogravimetric 793:808 arg1 TGA 820:822 TGA 820:822 TGA 820:822 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 3 14 theme electrochemical 442:456 arg1 sensor 458:463 a novel electrochemical sensor 434:463 a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers 434:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 5 15 theme hybrid 913:918 arg1 composite 920:928 The hybrid composite 909:928 The hybrid composite 909:928 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 3 16 dep oxide 558:562 arg1 nanofibers 634:643 electrospun nanofibers 622:643 electrospun nanofibers 622:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 4 17 theme hybrid 894:899 arg1 system 901:906 CNW:rGO hybrid system 886:906 CNW:rGO hybrid system 886:906 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 7 18 theme linear 1378:1383 arg1 range 1385:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 wide dynamic linear range 1365:1389 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 6 19 theme low 1181:1183 arg1 concentrations 1185:1198 very low concentrations 1176:1198 very low concentrations of mercury 1176:1209 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 3 20 theme green 499:503 arg1 nanoarchitecture 512:527 a green hybrid nanoarchitecture 497:527 a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers 497:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 4 21 theme system 901:906 arg1 composition 871:881 composition 871:881 composition 871:881 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 21 theme system 901:906 arg1 morphology 856:865 the morphology 852:865 the morphology 852:865 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 0 22 theme electrospun 11:21 arg1 nanofibers 23:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers 0:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers 0:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 3 23 theme reduced 541:547 arg1 rGO 565:567 rGO 565:567 rGO 565:567 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 3 23 theme reduced 541:547 arg1 oxide 558:562 reduced graphene oxide 541:562 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 541:568 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 4 24 dep Fourier 740:746 arg1 transform 748:756 transform 748:756 transform infrared (FTIR) 748:772 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 0 25 theme Conductive 0:9 arg1 nanofibers 23:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers 0:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers 0:32 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 6 26 theme concentrations 1185:1198 arg1 detection 1163:1171 the electrochemical detection 1143:1171 the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples 1143:1226 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 3 27 theme graphene 549:556 arg1 rGO 565:567 rGO 565:567 rGO 565:567 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 3 27 theme graphene 549:556 arg1 oxide 558:562 reduced graphene oxide 541:562 reduced graphene oxide (rGO) 541:568 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 6 28 dep PA6/CNW 1115:1121 arg1 rGO 1123:1125 rGO 1123:1125 PA6/CNW:rGO 1115:1125 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 4 29 theme ultraviolet-visible 696:714 arg1 absorption 725:734 ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption 696:734 ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption 696:734 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 2 30 theme safety 399:404 arg1 purposes 406:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 7 31 theme detection 1345:1353 arg1 limit 1355:1359 low detection limit 1341:1359 low detection limit 1341:1359 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 5 32 theme voltammetry 1010:1020 arg1 experiments 1027:1037 cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments 1003:1037 cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments 1003:1037 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 2 33 theme environmental 385:397 arg1 purposes 406:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 6 34 theme electrical 1061:1070 arg1 properties 1072:1081 the excellent electrical properties 1047:1081 the excellent electrical properties of graphene 1047:1093 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 5 35 theme transference 955:966 arg1 properties 968:977 charge transference properties 948:977 charge transference properties 948:977 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 4 36 dep absorption 725:734 arg1 spectroscopies 774:787 spectroscopies 774:787 spectroscopies 774:787 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 0 37 theme cellulose 45:53 arg1 nanowhiskers 55:66 cellulose nanowhiskers 45:66 cellulose nanowhiskers 45:66 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 6 38 theme sensor 1243:1248 arg1 sensibility 1250:1260 the sensor sensibility 1239:1260 the sensor sensibility 1239:1260 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 6 39 theme electrochemical 1147:1161 arg1 detection 1163:1171 the electrochemical detection 1143:1171 the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples 1143:1226 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 2 40 theme human 375:379 arg1 purposes 406:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 human and environmental safety purposes 375:413 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 0 41 theme reduced 72:78 arg1 oxide 89:93 reduced graphene oxide 72:93 reduced graphene oxide 72:93 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 4 42 theme electron 668:675 arg1 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 42 theme electron 668:675 arg1 microscopy 677:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy 646:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) 646:693 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 43 dep infrared 758:765 arg1 FTIR 768:771 FTIR 768:771 FTIR 768:771 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 44 theme transmission 655:666 arg1 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 STEM 689:692 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 4 44 theme transmission 655:666 arg1 microscopy 677:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy 646:686 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) 646:693 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 5 45 theme charge 948:953 arg1 properties 968:977 charge transference properties 948:977 charge transference properties 948:977 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 7 46 theme PA6/CNW/rGO 1277:1287 arg1 electrode 1289:1297 the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode 1273:1297 the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode 1273:1297 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 7 47 theme high 1323:1326 arg1 selectivity 1328:1338 high selectivity 1323:1338 high selectivity 1323:1338 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 6 48 theme excellent 1051:1059 arg1 properties 1072:1081 the excellent electrical properties 1047:1081 the excellent electrical properties of graphene 1047:1093 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 6 49 theme graphene 1086:1093 arg1 properties 1072:1081 the excellent electrical properties 1047:1081 the excellent electrical properties of graphene 1047:1093 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 4 50 theme UV-VIS 717:722 arg1 absorption 725:734 ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption 696:734 ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption 696:734 Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies and termogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to elucidate the morphology and composition of CNW:rGO hybrid system. 30600061 6 51 from detection 1163:1171 arg1 samples 1220:1226 water samples 1214:1226 water samples 1214:1226 Due to the excellent electrical properties of graphene, the nanocomposite (PA6/CNW:rGO) was applied in the electrochemical detection of very low concentrations of mercury in water samples, improving the sensor sensibility. 30600061 1 52 theme several 229:235 arg1 diseases 237:244 several diseases 229:244 several diseases 229:244 Mercury is a heavy metal highly deleterious for the environment being associated to several diseases. 30600061 5 53 theme cyclic 1003:1008 arg1 CV 1023:1024 CV 1023:1024 CV 1023:1024 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 5 53 theme cyclic 1003:1008 arg1 voltammetry 1010:1020 cyclic voltammetry 1003:1020 cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments 1003:1037 The hybrid composite proved to enhance charge transference properties, which was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. 30600061 3 54 theme novel 436:440 arg1 sensor 458:463 a novel electrochemical sensor 434:463 a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers 434:643 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 2 55 dep techniques 272:281 arg1 expedite 263:270 expedite 263:270 expedite 263:270 Thus, novel and expedite techniques capable of detecting this heavy metal in water, even at trace levels, are highly sought for human and environmental safety purposes. 30600061 0 56 theme graphene 80:87 arg1 oxide 89:93 reduced graphene oxide 72:93 reduced graphene oxide 72:93 Conductive electrospun nanofibers containing cellulose nanowhiskers and reduced graphene oxide for the electrochemical detection of mercury(II). 30600061 7 57 theme mercury 1412:1418 arg1 detection 1399:1407 the detection 1395:1407 the detection of mercury(II) 1395:1422 Moreover, the PA6/CNW/rGO electrode demonstrated stability, high selectivity, low detection limit and wide dynamic linear range for the detection of mercury(II). 30600061 3 58 theme cellulose 571:579 arg1 CNW 595:597 CNW 595:597 CNW 595:597 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 30600061 3 58 theme cellulose 571:579 arg1 nanowhiskers 581:592 cellulose nanowhiskers 571:592 cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) 571:598 Here we developed a novel electrochemical sensor for detecting mercury(II) using a green hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) and polyamide 6 (PA6) electrospun nanofibers. 31252014 7 0 theme in 1248:1249 arg1 experiments 1257:1267 The in vitro experiments 1244:1267 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions 1244:1315 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 2 1 theme particles 426:434 arg1 form 394:397 the form 390:397 the form of surface-modified silica particles 390:434 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 1 2 theme engineering 305:315 arg1 applications 317:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 0 3 theme covalent 110:117 arg1 attachment 119:128 covalent attachment 110:128 covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles 110:165 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 2 4 theme silica 419:424 arg1 particles 426:434 surface-modified silica particles 402:434 surface-modified silica particles 402:434 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 8 5 theme Alkaline 1603:1610 arg1 phosphatase 1612:1622 Alkaline phosphatase 1603:1622 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression 1603:1639 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 8 5 theme Alkaline 1603:1610 arg1 ALP 1625:1627 ALP 1625:1627 ALP 1625:1627 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 0 6 theme surface-modified 133:148 arg1 particles 157:165 surface-modified silica particles 133:165 surface-modified silica particles 133:165 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 6 7 theme compositions 1148:1159 arg1 hybrids 1129:1135 The hybrids 1125:1135 The hybrids of various compositions 1125:1159 The hybrids of various compositions were obtained and their physicochemical and biological properties were determined. 31252014 2 8 from phase 381:385 arg1 form 394:397 the form 390:397 the form of surface-modified silica particles 390:434 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 7 9 theme silica 1356:1361 arg1 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 7 9 theme silica 1356:1361 arg1 particles 1363:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles 1331:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network 1331:1419 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 0 10 link crosslinked 8:18 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 5 11 theme related 1006:1012 arg1 problems 997:1004 the problems 993:1004 the problems 993:1004 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 8 12 theme in 1455:1456 arg1 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 8 12 theme in 1455:1456 arg1 studies 1477:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies 1451:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed 1451:1518 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 0 13 theme particles 157:165 arg1 attachment 119:128 covalent attachment 110:128 covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles 110:165 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 4 14 theme hydrogel 814:821 arg1 network 823:829 the polymeric hydrogel network 800:829 the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 800:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 7 15 theme fluid 1300:1304 arg1 conditions 1306:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 5 16 theme in 1086:1087 arg1 application 1094:1104 their in vivo application 1080:1104 their in vivo application 1080:1104 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 7 17 dep in 1248:1249 arg1 vitro 1251:1255 vitro 1251:1255 vitro 1251:1255 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 4 18 theme covalent 757:764 arg1 attachment 766:775 possible the covalent attachment 744:775 possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 744:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 0 19 theme silica 150:155 arg1 particles 157:165 surface-modified silica particles 133:165 surface-modified silica particles 133:165 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 2 20 theme dispersed 558:566 arg1 particles 568:576 dispersed particles 558:576 dispersed particles 558:576 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 6 21 theme biological 1205:1214 arg1 properties 1216:1225 their physicochemical and biological properties 1179:1225 their physicochemical and biological properties 1179:1225 The hybrids of various compositions were obtained and their physicochemical and biological properties were determined. 31252014 6 22 theme physicochemical 1185:1199 arg1 properties 1216:1225 their physicochemical and biological properties 1179:1225 their physicochemical and biological properties 1179:1225 The hybrids of various compositions were obtained and their physicochemical and biological properties were determined. 31252014 0 23 theme crosslinked 8:18 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 3 24 theme particles 649:657 arg1 use 635:637 the use 631:637 the use of silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups 631:717 The novel approach presented here involved the use of silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups. 31252014 4 25 theme possible 744:751 arg1 attachment 766:775 possible the covalent attachment 744:775 possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 744:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 0 26 theme Genipin 0:6 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 5 27 theme mineral 1051:1057 arg1 particles 1059:1067 mineral particles 1051:1067 mineral particles 1051:1067 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 0 28 theme collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic 30:57 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 1 29 theme one-step 347:354 arg1 procedure 356:364 one-step procedure 347:364 one-step procedure 347:364 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 2 30 theme bioactive 371:379 arg1 phase 381:385 The bioactive phase 367:385 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles 367:434 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 8 31 theme cell 1464:1467 arg1 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 8 31 theme cell 1464:1467 arg1 studies 1477:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies 1451:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed 1451:1518 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 5 32 theme hybrid 937:942 arg1 materials 944:952 the hybrid materials 933:952 the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated 933:1122 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 5 32 theme hybrid 937:942 arg1 particles 973:981 biopolymer-silica particles 955:981 biopolymer-silica particles 955:981 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 0 33 theme bioactive 20:28 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 5 34 theme particles 1059:1067 arg1 separation 1037:1046 the potential phase separation 1017:1046 the potential phase separation of mineral particles 1017:1067 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 3 35 theme silica 642:647 arg1 particles 649:657 silica particles 642:657 silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups 642:717 The novel approach presented here involved the use of silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups. 31252014 8 36 theme culture 1469:1475 arg1 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 biocompatible 1524:1536 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 8 36 theme culture 1469:1475 arg1 studies 1477:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies 1451:1483 the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed 1451:1518 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 0 37 theme injectable 64:73 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 5 38 theme potential 1021:1029 arg1 separation 1037:1046 the potential phase separation 1017:1046 the potential phase separation of mineral particles 1017:1067 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 2 39 attach crosslinked 502:512 arg3 37 °C 581:585 37 °C 581:585 37 °C 581:585 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 1 40 theme biomimetic 261:270 arg1 materials 279:287 biomimetic hybrid materials 261:287 biomimetic hybrid materials 261:287 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 0 41 theme acid 59:62 arg1 hydrogels 75:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels 0:83 Genipin crosslinked bioactive collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogels structurally amended via covalent attachment of surface-modified silica particles. 31252014 7 42 theme simulated 1285:1293 arg1 conditions 1306:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 4 43 attach attachment 766:775 arg1 network 823:829 the polymeric hydrogel network 800:829 the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 800:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 4 43 attach attachment 766:775 arg2 particles 787:795 silica particles 780:795 silica particles 780:795 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 7 44 theme body 1295:1298 arg1 conditions 1306:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 simulated body fluid conditions 1285:1315 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 5 45 theme biopolymer-silica 955:971 arg1 materials 944:952 the hybrid materials 933:952 the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated 933:1122 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 5 45 theme biopolymer-silica 955:971 arg1 particles 973:981 biopolymer-silica particles 955:981 biopolymer-silica particles 955:981 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 1 46 theme hybrid 272:277 arg1 materials 279:287 biomimetic hybrid materials 261:287 biomimetic hybrid materials 261:287 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 7 47 theme amino-functionalized 1335:1354 arg1 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 7 47 theme amino-functionalized 1335:1354 arg1 particles 1363:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles 1331:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network 1331:1419 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 6 48 theme various 1140:1146 arg1 compositions 1148:1159 various compositions 1140:1159 various compositions 1140:1159 The hybrids of various compositions were obtained and their physicochemical and biological properties were determined. 31252014 8 49 theme phosphatase 1612:1622 arg1 expression 1630:1639 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression 1603:1639 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression 1603:1639 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 2 50 theme surface-modified 402:417 arg1 particles 426:434 surface-modified silica particles 402:434 surface-modified silica particles 402:434 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 2 51 theme biopolymer 536:545 arg1 matrix 547:552 the biopolymer matrix 532:552 the biopolymer matrix 532:552 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 7 52 theme biopolymeric 1400:1411 arg1 network 1413:1419 the biopolymeric network 1396:1419 the biopolymeric network 1396:1419 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 8 53 theme cells 1562:1566 arg1 adhesion 1568:1575 MG-63 cells adhesion 1556:1575 MG-63 cells adhesion 1556:1575 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 3 54 theme novel 592:596 arg1 approach 598:605 The novel approach 588:605 The novel approach presented here 588:620 The novel approach presented here involved the use of silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups. 31252014 4 55 theme polymeric 804:812 arg1 network 823:829 the polymeric hydrogel network 800:829 the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 800:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 4 56 with crosslinking 834:845 arg1 genipin 852:858 genipin 852:858 genipin 852:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 5 57 theme phase 1031:1035 arg1 separation 1037:1046 the potential phase separation 1017:1046 the potential phase separation of mineral particles 1017:1067 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 4 58 from network 823:829 arg1 crosslinking 834:845 crosslinking 834:845 crosslinking with genipin 834:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 5 59 dep in 1086:1087 arg1 vivo 1089:1092 vivo 1089:1092 vivo 1089:1092 That methodology is especially important as it makes possible to obtain the hybrid materials (biopolymer-silica particles) in which the problems related to the potential phase separation of mineral particles, hindering their in vivo application can be eliminated. 31252014 8 60 dep in 1455:1456 arg1 vitro 1458:1462 vitro 1458:1462 vitro 1458:1462 Finally, the in vitro cell culture studies shown that the materials developed are biocompatible as they supported MG-63 cells adhesion, proliferation as well as Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. 31252014 4 61 theme silica 780:785 arg1 particles 787:795 silica particles 780:795 silica particles 780:795 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 2 62 theme biopolymers 471:481 arg1 solutions 458:466 the solutions 454:466 the solutions of biopolymers 454:481 The bioactive phase in the form of surface-modified silica particles was introduced to the solutions of biopolymers and simultaneously crosslinked with genipin both the biopolymer matrix and dispersed particles at 37 °C. 31252014 7 63 attach attached 1384:1391 arg1 network 1413:1419 the biopolymeric network 1396:1419 the biopolymeric network 1396:1419 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 7 63 attach attached 1384:1391 arg2 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 bioactive 1431:1439 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 7 63 attach attached 1384:1391 arg2 particles 1363:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles 1331:1371 the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network 1331:1419 The in vitro experiments performed under simulated body fluid conditions revealed that the amino-functionalized silica particles covalently attached to the biopolymeric network are still bioactive. 31252014 4 64 theme particles 787:795 arg1 attachment 766:775 possible the covalent attachment 744:775 possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin 744:858 That modification makes possible the covalent attachment of silica particles to the polymeric hydrogel network on crosslinking with genipin. 31252014 1 65 theme bone 293:296 arg1 applications 317:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 3 66 theme amino 706:710 arg1 groups 712:717 amino groups 706:717 amino groups 706:717 The novel approach presented here involved the use of silica particles which surfaces were priory functionalized with amino groups. 31252014 1 67 theme hyaluronic 191:200 arg1 acid 202:205 hyaluronic acid 191:205 hyaluronic acid 191:205 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 31252014 1 68 theme tissue 298:303 arg1 applications 317:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 bone tissue engineering applications 293:328 Collagen, chitosan and hyaluronic acid based multicomponent injectable and in situ gellating biomimetic hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering applications were prepared in one-step procedure. 30768616 8 0 theme spectrum 1127:1134 arg1 results 1136:1142 the IR spectrum results 1120:1142 the IR spectrum results 1120:1142 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 10 1 theme thermal 1464:1470 arg1 stability 1472:1480 the thermal stability 1460:1480 the thermal stability 1460:1480 However, the thermal stability and glass transition temperatures were decreased with acidic condition. 30768616 7 2 theme ionic 1019:1023 arg1 conductivity 1025:1036 the ionic conductivity 1015:1036 the ionic conductivity of the samples 1015:1051 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 1 3 theme polysaccharide 160:173 arg1 resources 183:191 polysaccharide natural resources 160:191 polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes 160:212 For the past decade, much attention was focused on polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes. 30768616 9 4 theme CHNS 1352:1355 arg1 analysis 1357:1364 CHNS analysis 1352:1364 CHNS analysis 1352:1364 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 8 5 theme IR 1124:1125 arg1 results 1136:1142 the IR spectrum results 1120:1142 the IR spectrum results 1120:1142 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 3 6 theme hydroxide 522:530 arg1 compositions 499:510 various compositions 491:510 various compositions of sodium hydroxide 491:530 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 4 7 theme biopolymer 584:593 arg1 electrolytes 595:606 biopolymer electrolytes 584:606 biopolymer electrolytes 584:606 Its potential as biopolymer electrolytes was studied. 30768616 5 8 theme Attenuated 675:684 arg1 Fourier 704:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 675:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS) 675:814 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 3 9 theme acid 556:559 arg1 fume 561:564 nitric acid fume 549:564 nitric acid fume 549:564 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 2 10 theme chemical 306:313 arg1 modifications 315:327 chemical modifications 306:327 chemical modifications 306:327 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 2 10 theme chemical 306:313 arg1 application 369:379 fuel cell application 359:379 fuel cell application 359:379 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 1 11 theme natural 175:181 arg1 resources 183:191 polysaccharide natural resources 160:191 polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes 160:212 For the past decade, much attention was focused on polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes. 30768616 5 12 theme Nuclear 753:759 arg1 NMR 781:783 NMR 781:783 NMR 781:783 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 5 12 theme Nuclear 753:759 arg1 Resonance 770:778 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 753:778 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 753:784 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 9 13 theme higher 1437:1442 arg1 field 1444:1448 the higher field 1433:1448 the higher field 1433:1448 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 2 14 theme chitosan 294:301 arg1 function 282:289 new function 278:289 new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application 278:379 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 3 15 theme sodium 515:520 arg1 hydroxide 522:530 sodium hydroxide 515:530 sodium hydroxide 515:530 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 13 16 theme biopolymer 1813:1822 arg1 electrolyte 1824:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 13 16 theme biopolymer 1813:1822 arg1 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 6 17 theme gravimetric 978:988 arg1 TGA 1000:1002 TGA 1000:1002 TGA 1000:1002 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 17 theme gravimetric 978:988 arg1 analysis 990:997 thermal gravimetric analysis 970:997 thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 970:1003 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 5 18 theme Magnetic 761:768 arg1 NMR 781:783 NMR 781:783 NMR 781:783 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 5 18 theme Magnetic 761:768 arg1 Resonance 770:778 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 753:778 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 753:784 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 6 19 theme thermal 884:890 arg1 properties 892:901 its thermal properties 880:901 its thermal properties 880:901 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 5 20 theme nitro 641:645 arg1 group 647:651 nitro group 641:651 nitro group 641:651 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 1 21 theme various 197:203 arg1 purposes 205:212 various purposes 197:212 various purposes 197:212 For the past decade, much attention was focused on polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes. 30768616 8 22 theme 1355 1210:1213 arg1 cm-1 1215:1218 1355 cm-1 1210:1218 1355 cm-1 1210:1218 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 5 23 dep Fourier 704:710 arg1 Transform 712:720 Transform 712:720 Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS) 712:814 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 5 24 theme group 647:651 arg1 substitution 625:636 The substitution 621:636 The substitution of nitro group 621:651 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 3 25 theme nitric 549:554 arg1 fume 561:564 nitric acid fume 549:564 nitric acid fume 549:564 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 8 26 theme nitro 1149:1153 arg1 peaks 1161:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 10 27 theme acidic 1536:1541 arg1 condition 1543:1551 acidic condition 1536:1551 acidic condition 1536:1551 However, the thermal stability and glass transition temperatures were decreased with acidic condition. 30768616 12 28 theme O-nitrochitosan 1677:1691 arg1 property 1661:1668 the electrochemical property 1641:1668 the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan 1641:1691 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 2 29 theme renewable 333:341 arg1 energy 343:348 renewable energy 333:348 renewable energy 333:348 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 3 30 theme derivative 430:439 arg1 synthesis 404:412 synthesis 404:412 synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume 404:564 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 8 31 theme group 1155:1159 arg1 peaks 1161:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 6 32 theme thermal 970:976 arg1 TGA 1000:1002 TGA 1000:1002 TGA 1000:1002 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 32 theme thermal 970:976 arg1 analysis 990:997 thermal gravimetric analysis 970:997 thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) 970:1003 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 7 33 theme electrochemical 1069:1083 arg1 EIS 1109:1111 EIS 1109:1111 EIS 1109:1111 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 7 33 theme electrochemical 1069:1083 arg1 spectroscopy 1095:1106 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 1069:1106 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 1069:1112 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 9 34 theme substitution 1314:1325 arg1 degree 1304:1309 the highest degree 1292:1309 the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 1292:1333 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 7 35 theme impedance 1085:1093 arg1 EIS 1109:1111 EIS 1109:1111 EIS 1109:1111 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 7 35 theme impedance 1085:1093 arg1 spectroscopy 1095:1106 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 1069:1106 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 1069:1112 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 8 36 theme O-nitrochitosan 1170:1184 arg1 peaks 1161:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 the nitro group peaks 1145:1165 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 12 37 theme good 1702:1705 arg1 improvement 1707:1717 a good improvement 1700:1717 a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives 1700:1772 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 1 38 theme past 117:120 arg1 decade 122:127 the past decade 113:127 the past decade 113:127 For the past decade, much attention was focused on polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes. 30768616 12 39 theme other 1747:1751 arg1 derivatives 1762:1772 other chitosan derivatives 1747:1772 other chitosan derivatives 1747:1772 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 5 40 theme ATR-FTIR 733:740 arg1 analysis 743:750 Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis 722:750 Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis 722:750 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 13 41 contain has 1840:1842 arg1 electrolyte 1824:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 13 41 contain has 1840:1842 arg1 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 13 41 contain has 1840:1842 arg2 potential 1848:1856 the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices 1844:1897 the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices 1844:1897 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 2 42 theme fuel 359:362 arg1 application 369:379 fuel cell application 359:379 fuel cell application 359:379 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 9 43 theme glucosamine 1401:1411 arg1 ring 1413:1416 glucosamine ring 1401:1416 glucosamine ring 1401:1416 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 5 44 theme Elemental 790:798 arg1 CHNS 810:813 CHNS 810:813 CHNS 810:813 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 5 44 theme Elemental 790:798 arg1 Analysis 800:807 Elemental Analysis 790:807 Elemental Analysis (CHNS) 790:814 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 9 45 theme highest 1296:1302 arg1 degree 1304:1309 the highest degree 1292:1309 the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 1292:1333 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 13 46 theme promising 1803:1811 arg1 electrolyte 1824:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 a promising biopolymer electrolyte 1801:1834 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 13 46 theme promising 1803:1811 arg1 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 O-nitrochitosan 1782:1796 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 9 47 theme ring 1413:1416 arg1 C-6 1394:1396 C-6 1394:1396 C-6 of glucosamine ring 1394:1416 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 0 48 theme o-nitrochitosan 35:49 arg1 characterizations 14:30 characterizations 14:30 characterizations 14:30 Synthesis and characterizations of o-nitrochitosan based biopolymer electrolyte for electrochemical devices. 30768616 0 48 theme o-nitrochitosan 35:49 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterizations of o-nitrochitosan based biopolymer electrolyte for electrochemical devices. 30768616 3 49 theme chitosan 421:428 arg1 derivative 430:439 the chitosan derivative 417:439 the chitosan derivative 417:439 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 3 49 theme chitosan 421:428 arg1 O-nitrochitosan 450:464 O-nitrochitosan 450:464 O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume 450:564 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 13 50 theme electrochemical 1875:1889 arg1 devices 1891:1897 electrochemical devices 1875:1897 electrochemical devices 1875:1897 Hence, O-nitrochitosan is a promising biopolymer electrolyte and has the potential to be applied in electrochemical devices. 30768616 10 51 theme glass 1486:1490 arg1 temperatures 1503:1514 glass transition temperatures 1486:1514 glass transition temperatures 1486:1514 However, the thermal stability and glass transition temperatures were decreased with acidic condition. 30768616 8 52 theme pH 1247:1248 arg1 media 1250:1254 all pH media 1243:1254 all pH media 1243:1254 From the IR spectrum results, the nitro group peaks of O-nitrochitosan, positioned at 1646 and 1355 cm-1, were clearly seen for all pH media. 30768616 5 53 theme Reflectance 692:702 arg1 Fourier 704:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 675:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS) 675:814 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 2 54 theme several 237:243 arg1 efforts 245:251 several efforts 237:251 several efforts 237:251 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 7 55 theme samples 1045:1051 arg1 conductivity 1025:1036 the ionic conductivity 1015:1036 the ionic conductivity of the samples 1015:1051 Whereas, the ionic conductivity of the samples was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 30768616 0 56 theme biopolymer 57:66 arg1 electrolyte 68:78 biopolymer electrolyte 57:78 biopolymer electrolyte 57:78 Synthesis and characterizations of o-nitrochitosan based biopolymer electrolyte for electrochemical devices. 30768616 6 57 theme scanning 939:946 arg1 calorimetry 948:958 differential scanning calorimetry 926:958 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 926:964 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 57 theme scanning 939:946 arg1 DSC 961:963 DSC 961:963 DSC 961:963 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 58 theme X-ray 852:856 arg1 XRD 871:873 XRD 871:873 XRD 871:873 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 58 theme X-ray 852:856 arg1 Diffraction 858:868 X-ray Diffraction 852:868 X-ray Diffraction (XRD) 852:874 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 1 59 theme much 130:133 arg1 attention 135:143 much attention 130:143 much attention 130:143 For the past decade, much attention was focused on polysaccharide natural resources for various purposes. 30768616 6 60 theme differential 926:937 arg1 calorimetry 948:958 differential scanning calorimetry 926:958 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 926:964 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 6 60 theme differential 926:937 arg1 DSC 961:963 DSC 961:963 DSC 961:963 The structure was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and its thermal properties were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). 30768616 9 61 from 0.74 1330:1333 arg1 substitution 1314:1325 substitution 1314:1325 substitution at 0.74 1314:1333 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 9 61 from 0.74 1330:1333 arg1 degree 1304:1309 the highest degree 1292:1309 the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 1292:1333 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30768616 2 62 theme new 278:280 arg1 function 282:289 new function 278:289 new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application 278:379 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 12 63 theme electrochemical 1645:1659 arg1 property 1661:1668 the electrochemical property 1641:1668 the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan 1641:1691 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 5 64 theme Infra-Red 722:730 arg1 analysis 743:750 Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis 722:750 Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis 722:750 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 11 65 theme highest 1558:1564 arg1 conductivity 1572:1583 The highest ionic conductivity 1554:1583 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan 1554:1602 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan was obtained at ~10-6 cm-1. 30768616 3 66 theme various 491:497 arg1 compositions 499:510 various compositions 491:510 various compositions of sodium hydroxide 491:530 This paper focuses on synthesis of the chitosan derivative, namely, O-nitrochitosan which was synthesized at various compositions of sodium hydroxide and reacted with nitric acid fume. 30768616 12 67 theme new 1673:1675 arg1 O-nitrochitosan 1677:1691 new O-nitrochitosan 1673:1691 new O-nitrochitosan 1673:1691 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 0 68 theme electrochemical 84:98 arg1 devices 100:106 electrochemical devices 84:106 electrochemical devices 84:106 Synthesis and characterizations of o-nitrochitosan based biopolymer electrolyte for electrochemical devices. 30768616 12 69 dep improvement 1707:1717 arg1 compared 1722:1729 compared 1722:1729 compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives 1722:1772 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 11 70 theme ionic 1566:1570 arg1 conductivity 1572:1583 The highest ionic conductivity 1554:1583 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan 1554:1602 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan was obtained at ~10-6 cm-1. 30768616 2 71 theme cell 364:367 arg1 application 369:379 fuel cell application 359:379 fuel cell application 359:379 Throughout the works, several efforts were reported to prepare new function of chitosan by chemical modifications for renewable energy, such as fuel cell application. 30768616 5 72 theme Total 686:690 arg1 Fourier 704:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier 675:710 Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS) 675:814 The substitution of nitro group was analyzed by using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) analysis, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Elemental Analysis (CHNS). 30768616 11 73 theme O-nitrochitosan 1588:1602 arg1 conductivity 1572:1583 The highest ionic conductivity 1554:1583 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan 1554:1602 The highest ionic conductivity of O-nitrochitosan was obtained at ~10-6 cm-1. 30768616 10 74 theme transition 1492:1501 arg1 temperatures 1503:1514 glass transition temperatures 1486:1514 glass transition temperatures 1486:1514 However, the thermal stability and glass transition temperatures were decreased with acidic condition. 30768616 12 75 theme chitosan 1753:1760 arg1 derivatives 1762:1772 other chitosan derivatives 1747:1772 other chitosan derivatives 1747:1772 Overall, the electrochemical property of new O-nitrochitosan showed a good improvement as compared to chitosan and other chitosan derivatives. 30768616 9 76 from degree 1304:1309 arg1 0.74 1330:1333 0.74 1330:1333 0.74 1330:1333 At pH 6, O-nitrochitosan exhibited the highest degree of substitution at 0.74 when analyzed by CHNS analysis and NMR further proved that C-6 of glucosamine ring was shifted to the higher field. 30309012 2 0 theme aged 387:390 arg1 years 396:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 0 theme aged 387:390 arg1 children 377:384 376 preschool children 363:384 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years) 363:401 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 3 1 theme male 566:569 arg1 g/day 559:563 206.0 g/day 553:563 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren) 553:585 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 3 1 theme male 566:569 arg1 schoolchildren 571:584 male schoolchildren 566:584 male schoolchildren 566:584 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 1 2 theme comprehensive 199:211 arg1 database 213:220 a comprehensive database 197:220 a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars 197:256 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 2 3 theme 8⁻14 429:432 arg1 years 434:438 aged 8⁻14 years 424:438 aged 8⁻14 years 424:438 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 3 theme 8⁻14 429:432 arg1 schoolchildren 408:421 915 schoolchildren 404:421 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) 404:439 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 4 theme 20⁻69 462:466 arg1 years 468:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 4 theme 20⁻69 462:466 arg1 adults 449:454 392 adults 445:454 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 445:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 1 5 from lack 126:129 arg1 starch 165:170 starch 165:170 starch 165:170 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 5 from lack 126:129 arg1 sugars 176:181 sugars 176:181 sugars 176:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 3 6 theme mean 490:493 arg1 intake 502:507 The mean starch intake 486:507 The mean starch intake 486:507 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 2 7 theme schoolchildren 408:421 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 0 8 from Estimation 0:9 arg1 Population 52:61 a Japanese Population 41:61 a Japanese Population 41:61 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 2 9 theme aged 457:460 arg1 years 468:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 9 theme aged 457:460 arg1 adults 449:454 392 adults 445:454 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 445:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 7 10 theme total 1055:1059 arg1 sugar 1061:1065 total sugar 1055:1065 total sugar 1055:1065 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 11 theme other 1131:1135 arg1 fruits 1097:1102 fruits 1097:1102 fruits (toddlers) 1097:1113 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 11 theme other 1131:1135 arg1 groups 1141:1146 other age groups 1131:1146 other age groups 1131:1146 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 8 12 dep starch 1331:1336 arg1 the 1327:1329 the 1327:1329 the 1327:1329 In conclusion, this study clarified the starch and sugar intake in Japan and provides a foundation for future research. 30309012 0 13 theme Food 90:93 arg1 Database 107:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 7 14 theme age 1137:1139 arg1 fruits 1097:1102 fruits 1097:1102 fruits (toddlers) 1097:1113 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 14 theme age 1137:1139 arg1 groups 1141:1146 other age groups 1131:1146 other age groups 1131:1146 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 6 15 theme major 802:806 arg1 contributors 808:819 the major contributors 798:819 the major contributors of total sugar 798:834 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 5 16 theme male 749:752 arg1 g/day 742:746 68.7 g/day 737:746 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren) 737:768 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 5 16 theme male 749:752 arg1 schoolchildren 754:767 male schoolchildren 749:767 male schoolchildren 749:767 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 2 17 theme Dietary 306:312 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 0 18 theme Developed 80:88 arg1 Database 107:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 2 19 theme children 377:384 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 7 20 theme preschool 1214:1222 arg1 children 1224:1231 preschool children 1214:1231 preschool children 1214:1231 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 4 21 theme age 604:606 arg1 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective of age and sex, >50% of starch was provided by rice and grains. 30309012 1 22 theme food 136:139 arg1 database 153:160 a food composition database 134:160 a food composition database on starch and sugars 134:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 2 23 theme preschool 367:375 arg1 years 396:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 23 theme preschool 367:375 arg1 children 377:384 376 preschool children 363:384 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years) 363:401 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 8 24 from intake 1348:1353 arg1 Japan 1358:1362 Japan 1358:1362 Japan 1358:1362 In conclusion, this study clarified the starch and sugar intake in Japan and provides a foundation for future research. 30309012 7 25 theme top 964:966 arg1 sources 973:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 25 theme top 964:966 arg1 confectionaries 1068:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries 986:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose 986:1094 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 5 26 dep ranged 693:698 arg1 toddlers 724:731 female toddlers 717:731 female toddlers 717:731 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 1 27 theme composition 141:151 arg1 database 153:160 a food composition database 134:160 a food composition database on starch and sugars 134:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 8 28 from starch 1331:1336 arg1 Japan 1358:1362 Japan 1358:1362 Japan 1358:1362 In conclusion, this study clarified the starch and sugar intake in Japan and provides a foundation for future research. 30309012 1 29 theme database 153:160 arg1 lack 126:129 a lack 124:129 a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars 124:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 6 30 theme sugar 830:834 arg1 contributors 808:819 the major contributors 798:819 the major contributors of total sugar 798:834 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 vegetables 1119:1128 vegetables 1119:1128 vegetables 1119:1128 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 fruits 1097:1102 fruits 1097:1102 fruits (toddlers) 1097:1113 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 fruits 1193:1198 fruits 1193:1198 fruits 1193:1198 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 vegetables 1238:1247 vegetables 1238:1247 vegetables 1238:1247 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 confectionaries 1068:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries 986:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose 986:1094 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 products 1168:1175 dairy products 1162:1175 dairy products for lactose 1162:1187 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 31 theme confectionaries 1016:1030 arg1 sources 973:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 0 32 theme Starch 14:19 arg1 Estimation 0:9 Estimation 0:9 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population 0:61 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 2 33 used used 480:483 arg2 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 0 34 theme Composition 95:105 arg1 Database 107:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 a Newly Developed Food Composition Database 72:114 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 3 35 theme starch 495:500 arg1 intake 502:507 The mean starch intake 486:507 The mean starch intake 486:507 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 7 36 dep fruits 1097:1102 arg1 adults 1269:1274 adults 1269:1274 adults 1269:1274 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 36 dep fruits 1097:1102 arg1 toddlers 1201:1208 toddlers 1201:1208 toddlers 1201:1208 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 36 dep fruits 1097:1102 arg1 children 1224:1231 preschool children 1214:1231 preschool children 1214:1231 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 36 dep fruits 1097:1102 arg1 schoolchildren 1250:1263 schoolchildren 1250:1263 schoolchildren 1250:1263 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 2 37 theme toddlers 333:340 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 0 38 theme Intake 31:36 arg1 Estimation 0:9 Estimation 0:9 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population 0:61 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 8 39 theme sugar 1342:1346 arg1 intake 1348:1353 sugar intake 1342:1353 sugar intake 1342:1353 In conclusion, this study clarified the starch and sugar intake in Japan and provides a foundation for future research. 30309012 2 40 theme aged 424:427 arg1 years 434:438 aged 8⁻14 years 424:438 aged 8⁻14 years 424:438 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 40 theme aged 424:427 arg1 schoolchildren 408:421 915 schoolchildren 404:421 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) 404:439 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 4 41 theme starch 625:630 arg1 starch 625:630 starch 625:630 starch 625:630 Irrespective of age and sex, >50% of starch was provided by rice and grains. 30309012 4 41 theme starch 625:630 arg1 % 620:620 >50% 617:620 >50% of starch 617:630 Irrespective of age and sex, >50% of starch was provided by rice and grains. 30309012 5 42 theme total 674:678 arg1 intake 686:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 vegetables 1119:1128 vegetables 1119:1128 vegetables 1119:1128 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 fruits 1097:1102 fruits 1097:1102 fruits (toddlers) 1097:1113 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 fruits 1193:1198 fruits 1193:1198 fruits 1193:1198 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 vegetables 1238:1247 vegetables 1238:1247 vegetables 1238:1247 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 confectionaries 1068:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries 986:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose 986:1094 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 products 1168:1175 dairy products 1162:1175 dairy products for lactose 1162:1187 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 43 theme products 992:999 arg1 sources 973:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 0 44 theme Sugar 25:29 arg1 Intake 31:36 Sugar Intake 25:36 Sugar Intake 25:36 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 1 45 theme sugars 251:256 arg1 types 242:246 seven types 236:246 seven types of sugars 236:256 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 45 theme sugars 251:256 arg1 starch 225:230 starch 225:230 starch 225:230 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 46 from database 213:220 arg1 types 242:246 seven types 236:246 seven types of sugars 236:256 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 46 from database 213:220 arg1 starch 225:230 starch 225:230 starch 225:230 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 3 47 dep ranged 509:514 arg1 toddlers 540:547 female toddlers 533:547 female toddlers 533:547 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 6 48 theme total 824:828 arg1 sugar 830:834 total sugar 824:834 total sugar 824:834 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 1 49 from foods 279:283 arg1 Japan 299:303 Japan 299:303 Japan 299:303 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 5 50 theme mean 669:672 arg1 intake 686:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 2 51 theme adults 449:454 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 52 theme 3⁻6 392:394 arg1 years 396:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 aged 3⁻6 years 387:400 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 52 theme 3⁻6 392:394 arg1 children 377:384 376 preschool children 363:384 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years) 363:401 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 7 53 theme age 1039:1041 arg1 confectionaries 1016:1030 confectionaries 1016:1030 confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar 1016:1065 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 53 theme age 1039:1041 arg1 groups 1043:1048 other age groups 1033:1048 other age groups 1033:1048 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 1 54 from sugars 176:181 arg1 lack 126:129 a lack 124:129 a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars 124:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 55 theme = 288:288 arg1 n 286:286 n = 2222 286:293 n = 2222 286:293 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 55 theme = 288:288 arg1 foods 279:283 commonly consumed foods 261:283 commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan 261:303 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 2 56 theme 392 445:447 arg1 years 468:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 aged 20⁻69 years 457:472 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 56 theme 392 445:447 arg1 adults 449:454 392 adults 445:454 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 445:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 2 57 dep toddlers 333:340 arg1 aged 343:346 aged 343:346 aged 343:346 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 7 58 theme other 1033:1037 arg1 confectionaries 1016:1030 confectionaries 1016:1030 confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar 1016:1065 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 58 theme other 1033:1037 arg1 groups 1043:1048 other age groups 1033:1048 other age groups 1033:1048 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 59 theme dairy 986:990 arg1 toddlers 1002:1009 toddlers 1002:1009 toddlers 1002:1009 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 59 theme dairy 986:990 arg1 products 992:999 dairy products 986:999 dairy products (toddlers) 986:1010 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 1 60 theme consumed 270:277 arg1 n 286:286 n = 2222 286:293 n = 2222 286:293 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 60 theme consumed 270:277 arg1 foods 279:283 commonly consumed foods 261:283 commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan 261:303 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 8 61 theme future 1394:1399 arg1 research 1401:1408 future research 1394:1408 future research 1394:1408 In conclusion, this study clarified the starch and sugar intake in Japan and provides a foundation for future research. 30309012 1 62 from starch 165:170 arg1 lack 126:129 a lack 124:129 a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars 124:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 7 63 theme food 968:971 arg1 sources 973:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources 960:979 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 63 theme food 968:971 arg1 confectionaries 1068:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries 986:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose 986:1094 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 4 64 theme sex 612:614 arg1 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective 588:599 Irrespective of age and sex, >50% of starch was provided by rice and grains. 30309012 5 65 theme female 717:722 arg1 toddlers 724:731 female toddlers 717:731 female toddlers 717:731 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 6 66 theme sex 786:788 arg1 groups 790:795 all age and sex groups 774:795 groups 790:795 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 7 67 theme dairy 1162:1166 arg1 products 1168:1175 dairy products 1162:1175 dairy products for lactose 1162:1187 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 7 67 theme dairy 1162:1166 arg1 confectionaries 1068:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries 986:1082 dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose 986:1094 The top food sources were dairy products (toddlers) and confectionaries (other age groups) for total sugar, confectionaries for sucrose, fruits (toddlers) and vegetables (other age groups) for glucose, dairy products for lactose and fruits (toddlers and preschool children) and vegetables (schoolchildren and adults) for fructose. 30309012 3 68 theme female 533:538 arg1 toddlers 540:547 female toddlers 533:547 female toddlers 533:547 The mean starch intake ranged from 55.6 g/day (female toddlers) to 206.0 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 1 69 from database 153:160 arg1 starch 165:170 starch 165:170 starch 165:170 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 1 69 from database 153:160 arg1 sugars 176:181 sugars 176:181 sugars 176:181 Due to a lack of a food composition database on starch and sugars, we developed a comprehensive database on starch and seven types of sugars in commonly consumed foods (n = 2222) in Japan. 30309012 5 70 theme sugar 680:684 arg1 intake 686:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake 665:691 The mean total sugar intake ranged from 46.1 g/day (female toddlers) to 68.7 g/day (male schoolchildren). 30309012 2 71 theme record 314:319 arg1 data 321:324 Dietary record data 306:324 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) 306:473 Dietary record data of 368 toddlers (aged 18⁻35 months), 376 preschool children (aged 3⁻6 years), 915 schoolchildren (aged 8⁻14 years) and 392 adults (aged 20⁻69 years) were used. 30309012 0 72 theme Japanese 43:50 arg1 Population 52:61 a Japanese Population 41:61 a Japanese Population 41:61 Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database. 30309012 6 73 theme mean 854:857 arg1 g/day 870:874 mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day 854:874 mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day 854:874 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 6 73 theme mean 854:857 arg1 sucrose 845:851 sucrose 845:851 sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day) 845:875 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30309012 6 74 theme age 778:780 arg1 groups 790:795 all age and sex groups 774:795 groups 790:795 In all age and sex groups, the major contributors of total sugar included sucrose (mean: 18.2⁻34.0 g/day), glucose (7.8⁻13.1 g/day), lactose (5.3⁻13.1 g/day) and fructose (7.6⁻11.1 g/day). 30773098 5 0 theme release 837:843 arg1 performance 845:855 the release performance 833:855 the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 833:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 1 1 theme high 147:150 arg1 capacity 160:167 high loading capacity 147:167 high loading capacity 147:167 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 2 2 theme cellulose 495:503 arg1 nanofibers 505:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 1 3 theme loading 152:158 arg1 capacity 160:167 high loading capacity 147:167 high loading capacity 147:167 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 1 4 with system 135:140 arg1 profile 197:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 1 4 with system 135:140 arg1 capacity 160:167 high loading capacity 147:167 high loading capacity 147:167 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 3 5 theme cellulose 584:592 arg1 nanofibers 594:603 bacterial cellulose nanofibers 574:603 bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers 574:657 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 5 6 dep nanofibers 884:893 arg1 applied 931:937 applied 931:937 were applied to the drug release data 926:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 5 7 from 37 °C. 898:903 arg1 nanofibers 884:893 the resultant composite nanofibers 860:893 the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 860:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 5 7 from 37 °C. 898:903 arg1 performance 845:855 the release performance 833:855 the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 833:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 3 8 theme imprinted 528:536 arg1 microparticles 538:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles 517:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles 517:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 5 9 theme kinetic 911:917 arg1 models 919:924 kinetic models 911:924 kinetic models 911:924 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 5 10 theme nanofibers 884:893 arg1 performance 845:855 the release performance 833:855 the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 833:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 2 11 theme N'-methylene 373:384 arg1 bisacrylamide 386:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide 373:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker 373:415 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 11 theme N'-methylene 373:384 arg1 nanofibers 279:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 4 12 theme imprinted 720:728 arg1 microparticles 730:743 gentamicin imprinted microparticles 709:743 gentamicin imprinted microparticles 709:743 Thus, the composite nanofibers incorporated with gentamicin imprinted microparticles were achieved to fabricated. 30773098 2 13 theme imprinted 269:277 arg1 bisacrylamide 386:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide 373:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker 373:415 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 13 theme imprinted 269:277 arg1 monomer 362:368 a monomer 360:368 a monomer 360:368 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 13 theme imprinted 269:277 arg1 sulfate 432:438 gentamicin sulfate 421:438 gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 421:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 13 theme imprinted 269:277 arg1 nanofibers 279:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 13 theme imprinted 269:277 arg1 N 371:371 N 371:371 N 371:371 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 4 14 theme gentamicin 709:718 arg1 microparticles 730:743 gentamicin imprinted microparticles 709:743 gentamicin imprinted microparticles 709:743 Thus, the composite nanofibers incorporated with gentamicin imprinted microparticles were achieved to fabricated. 30773098 2 15 theme template 445:452 arg1 molecule 454:461 a template molecule 443:461 a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 443:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 6 16 theme composite 1014:1022 arg1 nanofibers 1046:1055 the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 1010:1055 the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 1010:1055 It was determined that the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers fit well in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. 30773098 1 17 theme controlled 173:182 arg1 profile 197:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 6 18 from nanofibers 1046:1055 arg1 release 997:1003 the drug release 988:1003 the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 988:1055 It was determined that the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers fit well in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. 30773098 2 19 theme graft 316:320 arg1 polymerization 322:335 in-situ graft polymerization 308:335 in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid 308:355 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 1 20 theme drug 184:187 arg1 profile 197:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 0 21 theme bacterial 32:40 arg1 cellulose 42:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose nanofibers for antibiotic release. 30773098 6 22 theme imprinted 1036:1044 arg1 nanofibers 1046:1055 the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 1010:1055 the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 1010:1055 It was determined that the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers fit well in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. 30773098 2 23 theme in-situ 308:314 arg1 polymerization 322:335 in-situ graft polymerization 308:335 in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid 308:355 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 24 theme gentamicin 421:430 arg1 sulfate 432:438 gentamicin sulfate 421:438 gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 421:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 24 theme gentamicin 421:430 arg1 nanofibers 279:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 0 25 theme composite 22:30 arg1 cellulose 42:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose nanofibers for antibiotic release. 30773098 5 26 theme in-vitro 778:785 arg1 tests 800:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 4 27 theme composite 670:678 arg1 nanofibers 680:689 the composite nanofibers 666:689 the composite nanofibers incorporated with gentamicin imprinted microparticles 666:743 Thus, the composite nanofibers incorporated with gentamicin imprinted microparticles were achieved to fabricated. 30773098 2 28 theme bacterial 485:493 arg1 nanofibers 505:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 3 29 theme Gentamicin 517:526 arg1 microparticles 538:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles 517:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles 517:551 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 5 30 theme drug 787:790 arg1 tests 800:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 3 31 theme BC 645:646 arg1 nanofibers 648:657 composite BC nanofibers 635:657 composite BC nanofibers 635:657 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 5 32 theme drug 946:949 arg1 data 959:962 the drug release data 942:962 the drug release data 942:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 2 33 theme surface-modified 468:483 arg1 nanofibers 505:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 468:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 5 34 theme release 792:798 arg1 tests 800:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests 774:804 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 3 35 theme nanofibers 648:657 arg1 formation 622:630 the formation 618:630 the formation of composite BC nanofibers 618:657 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 1 36 theme antibiotic 209:218 arg1 release 220:226 antibiotic release 209:226 antibiotic release 209:226 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 0 37 theme antibiotic 67:76 arg1 release 78:84 antibiotic release 67:84 antibiotic release 67:84 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose nanofibers for antibiotic release. 30773098 5 38 theme composite 874:882 arg1 nanofibers 884:893 the resultant composite nanofibers 860:893 the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 860:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 3 39 theme composite 635:643 arg1 nanofibers 648:657 composite BC nanofibers 635:657 composite BC nanofibers 635:657 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 2 40 theme acid 352:355 arg1 polymerization 322:335 in-situ graft polymerization 308:335 in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid 308:355 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 6 41 theme drug 992:995 arg1 release 997:1003 the drug release 988:1003 the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 988:1055 It was determined that the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers fit well in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. 30773098 5 42 from performance 845:855 arg1 37 °C. 898:903 37 °C. 898:903 37 °C. 898:903 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 1 43 theme drug 122:125 arg1 system 135:140 drug carrier system 122:140 drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release 122:226 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 1 44 theme work 103:106 arg1 aim 91:93 The aim 87:93 The aim of this work 87:106 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 3 45 theme bacterial 574:582 arg1 nanofibers 594:603 bacterial cellulose nanofibers 574:603 bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers 574:657 Gentamicin imprinted microparticles were fabricated onto bacterial cellulose nanofibers resulting in the formation of composite BC nanofibers. 30773098 2 46 theme composite 247:255 arg1 bisacrylamide 386:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide 373:398 N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker 373:415 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 46 theme composite 247:255 arg1 monomer 362:368 a monomer 360:368 a monomer 360:368 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 46 theme composite 247:255 arg1 sulfate 432:438 gentamicin sulfate 421:438 gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers 421:514 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 46 theme composite 247:255 arg1 nanofibers 279:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers 247:288 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 2 46 theme composite 247:255 arg1 N 371:371 N 371:371 N 371:371 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 1 47 theme carrier 127:133 arg1 system 135:140 drug carrier system 122:140 drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release 122:226 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 2 48 theme methacrylic 340:350 arg1 acid 352:355 methacrylic acid 340:355 methacrylic acid 340:355 For this purpose, composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers were prepared via in-situ graft polymerization of methacrylic acid as a monomer, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and gentamicin sulfate as a template molecule onto surface-modified bacterial cellulose nanofibers. 30773098 1 49 theme release 189:195 arg1 profile 197:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 controlled drug release profile 173:203 The aim of this work is to develop drug carrier system with high loading capacity and controlled drug release profile for antibiotic release. 30773098 5 50 theme release 951:957 arg1 data 959:962 the drug release data 942:962 the drug release data 942:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 5 51 theme resultant 864:872 arg1 nanofibers 884:893 the resultant composite nanofibers 860:893 the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data 860:962 The in-vitro drug release tests were performed to evaluate the release performance of the resultant composite nanofibers at 37 °C. Also, kinetic models were applied to the drug release data. 30773098 0 52 theme imprinted 12:20 arg1 cellulose 42:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose 0:50 Molecularly imprinted composite bacterial cellulose nanofibers for antibiotic release. 30773098 6 53 theme Korsmeyer-Peppas 1073:1088 arg1 model 1090:1094 the Korsmeyer-Peppas model 1069:1094 the Korsmeyer-Peppas model 1069:1094 It was determined that the drug release from the composite molecularly imprinted nanofibers fit well in the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. 29914989 6 0 theme biofilm 1159:1165 arg1 formation 1167:1175 biofilm formation 1159:1175 biofilm formation at low osmolarity 1159:1193 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 3 1 theme system 753:758 arg1 regulator 713:721 a response regulator 702:721 a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system 702:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 10 2 theme one 2290:2292 arg1 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 2 theme one 2290:2292 arg1 regulator 2277:2285 the OmpR response regulator 2259:2285 the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, 2259:2369 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 3 theme species 2301:2307 arg1 one 2290:2292 one 2290:2292 one 2290:2292 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 3 theme species 2301:2307 arg1 species 2301:2307 the species 2297:2307 the species found in CF respiratory infections 2297:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 3 theme species 2301:2307 arg1 multivorans 2358:2368 Burkholderia multivorans 2345:2368 Burkholderia multivorans 2345:2368 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 9 4 theme therapeutic 2171:2181 arg1 interventions 2183:2195 new therapeutic interventions 2167:2195 new therapeutic interventions 2167:2195 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 1 5 from infections 348:357 arg1 patients 378:385 cystic fibrosis patients 362:385 cystic fibrosis patients 362:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 1 6 theme opportunistic 293:305 arg1 pathogens 307:315 opportunistic pathogens 293:315 opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients 293:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 8 7 from production 1798:1807 arg1 environment.IMPORTANCE 1827:1848 the CF environment.IMPORTANCE 1820:1848 the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1820:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 10 8 theme respiratory 2321:2331 arg1 infections 2333:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 8 9 from mutations 1670:1678 arg1 gene 1692:1695 the ompR gene 1683:1695 the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates 1683:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 9 from mutations 1670:1678 arg1 isolates 1730:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 9 10 theme chronic 2208:2214 arg1 infections 2228:2237 chronic respiratory infections 2208:2237 chronic respiratory infections 2208:2237 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 6 11 from phenotypes 1117:1126 arg1 mellonella 1222:1231 Galleria mellonella 1213:1231 Galleria mellonella 1213:1231 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 3 12 theme nonsynonymous 635:647 arg1 mutations 649:657 nonsynonymous mutations 635:657 nonsynonymous mutations 635:657 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 1 13 theme cepacia 210:216 arg1 complex 218:224 the Burkholderia cepacia complex 193:224 the Burkholderia cepacia complex 193:224 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 3 14 theme morphotype 615:624 arg1 cause 592:596 a major cause 584:596 a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype 584:624 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 7 15 theme stress 1441:1446 arg1 response 1448:1455 stress response 1441:1455 stress response 1441:1455 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 16 theme NMVs 1812:1815 arg1 production 1798:1807 the production 1794:1807 the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1794:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 17 theme ion 1945:1947 arg1 unbalance 1949:1957 an ion unbalance 1942:1957 an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1942:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 1 18 theme different 234:242 arg1 environments 265:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 11 19 theme transcriptomic 2561:2574 arg1 approaches 2576:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 9 20 theme new 2167:2169 arg1 interventions 2183:2195 new therapeutic interventions 2167:2195 new therapeutic interventions 2167:2195 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 0 21 theme Fibrosis 164:171 arg1 Lung 173:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 1 22 from complex 218:224 arg1 Bacteria 179:186 Bacteria 179:186 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex 179:224 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 6 23 theme OmpR 1279:1282 arg1 absence 1257:1263 the absence 1253:1263 the absence of functional OmpR 1253:1282 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 4 24 theme variants 799:806 arg1 complementation 770:784 complementation 770:784 complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene 770:834 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 8 25 theme conductance 2002:2012 arg1 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 25 theme conductance 2002:2012 arg1 regulator 2014:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator 1985:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 5 26 from growth 952:957 arg1 medium 1036:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 27 theme biofilm 999:1005 arg1 formation 1007:1015 biofilm formation 999:1015 biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium 999:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 10 28 theme variants 2420:2427 arg1 emergence 2390:2398 the emergence 2386:2398 the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants 2386:2427 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 9 29 dep Understanding 2069:2081 arg1 thrive 2110:2115 thrive 2110:2115 thrive in this environment 2110:2135 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 7 30 theme outer 1403:1407 arg1 composition 1418:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 31 theme CF 1985:1986 arg1 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 31 theme CF 1985:1986 arg1 regulator 2014:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator 1985:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 1 32 theme fibrosis 369:376 arg1 patients 378:385 cystic fibrosis patients 362:385 cystic fibrosis patients 362:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 8 33 theme epithelial 2051:2060 arg1 cells 2062:2066 epithelial cells 2051:2066 epithelial cells 2051:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 5 34 from effects 941:947 arg1 growth 952:957 growth 952:957 growth 952:957 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 34 from effects 941:947 arg1 formation 1007:1015 biofilm formation 999:1015 biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium 999:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 34 from effects 941:947 arg1 motilities 1092:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 34 from effects 941:947 arg1 adhesion 960:967 adhesion 960:967 adhesion to lung epithelial cells 960:992 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 10 35 theme nonmucoid 2403:2411 arg1 variants 2420:2427 nonmucoid colony variants 2403:2427 nonmucoid colony variants 2403:2427 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 11 36 theme antibiotic 2752:2761 arg1 resistance 2763:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 0 37 theme Other 91:95 arg1 Properties 111:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 5 38 theme epithelial 977:986 arg1 cells 988:992 lung epithelial cells 972:992 lung epithelial cells 972:992 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 9 39 theme CF 2097:2098 arg1 pathogens 2100:2108 bacterial CF pathogens 2087:2108 bacterial CF pathogens 2087:2108 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 8 40 from activity 2039:2046 arg1 cells 2062:2066 epithelial cells 2051:2066 epithelial cells 2051:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 10 41 theme OmpR 2263:2266 arg1 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 41 theme OmpR 2263:2266 arg1 regulator 2277:2285 the OmpR response regulator 2259:2285 the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, 2259:2369 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 4 42 theme native 824:829 arg1 gene 831:834 the native gene 820:834 the native gene 820:834 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 0 43 theme Envelope 102:109 arg1 Properties 111:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 5 44 from adhesion 960:967 arg1 medium 1036:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 production 2730:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 motility 2742:2749 motility 2742:2749 motility 2742:2749 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 phenotypes 2693:2702 several phenotypes 2685:2702 several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence 2685:2797 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 virulence 2789:2797 virulence 2789:2797 virulence 2789:2797 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 resistance 2763:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 45 from implications 2669:2680 arg1 adhesion 2775:2782 adhesion 2775:2782 adhesion 2775:2782 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 8 46 theme fibrosis 1868:1875 arg1 lung 1882:1885 the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung 1857:1885 the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung 1857:1885 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 6 47 theme antibiotic 1136:1145 arg1 resistance 1147:1156 antibiotic resistance 1136:1156 antibiotic resistance 1136:1156 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 10 48 theme several 2479:2485 arg1 components 2501:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 5 49 contain had 928:930 arg2 increase 1058:1065 an increase 1055:1065 an increase in swimming and swarming motilities 1055:1101 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 49 contain had 928:930 arg2 effects 941:947 positive effects 932:947 positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium 932:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 49 contain had 928:930 arg1 loss 879:882 The loss 875:882 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 875:926 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 8 50 from isolates 1730:1737 arg1 gene 1692:1695 the ompR gene 1683:1695 the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates 1683:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 50 from isolates 1730:1737 arg1 mutations 1670:1678 mutations 1670:1678 mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates 1670:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 2 51 theme clinical 437:444 arg1 isolates 446:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates 417:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions 417:483 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 production 2730:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 motility 2742:2749 motility 2742:2749 motility 2742:2749 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 phenotypes 2693:2702 several phenotypes 2685:2702 several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence 2685:2797 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 virulence 2789:2797 virulence 2789:2797 virulence 2789:2797 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 resistance 2763:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 antibiotic resistance 2752:2772 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 52 theme several 2685:2691 arg1 adhesion 2775:2782 adhesion 2775:2782 adhesion 2775:2782 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 9 53 theme bacterial 2087:2095 arg1 pathogens 2100:2108 bacterial CF pathogens 2087:2108 bacterial CF pathogens 2087:2108 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 5 54 theme Burkholderia 898:909 arg1 multivorans 911:921 functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 887:926 functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 887:926 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 7 55 theme genes 1375:1379 arg1 expression 1357:1366 the expression 1353:1366 the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients 1353:1502 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 2 56 theme exopolysaccharide 531:547 arg1 cepacian 549:556 the exopolysaccharide cepacian 527:556 the exopolysaccharide cepacian 527:556 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 3 57 from indels 669:674 arg1 gene 688:691 the ompR gene 679:691 the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system 679:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 2 58 theme stress 467:472 arg1 conditions 474:483 stress conditions 467:483 stress conditions 467:483 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 0 59 theme Burkholderia 22:33 arg1 multivorans 35:45 Burkholderia multivorans 22:45 Burkholderia multivorans 22:45 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 1 60 theme respiratory 336:346 arg1 infections 348:357 chronic respiratory infections 328:357 chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients 328:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 5 61 theme swarming 1083:1090 arg1 motilities 1092:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 10 62 theme envelope 2492:2499 arg1 components 2501:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 11 63 theme exopolysaccharide 2712:2728 arg1 production 2730:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 exopolysaccharide production 2712:2739 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 2 64 theme Previous 388:395 arg1 studies 397:403 Previous studies 388:403 Previous studies 388:403 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 3 65 theme regulatory 742:751 arg1 system 753:758 a two-component regulatory system 726:758 a two-component regulatory system 726:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 1 66 theme natural 244:250 arg1 environments 265:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 8 67 located found 1624:1628 arg2 ones 1619:1622 the ones 1615:1622 the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1615:1664 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 67 located found 1624:1628 arg1 airways 1658:1664 the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1633:1664 the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1633:1664 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 7 68 theme gene 1340:1343 arg1 loss 1323:1326 loss 1323:1326 loss of the ompR gene 1323:1343 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 69 theme fibrosis 1644:1651 arg1 airways 1658:1664 the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1633:1664 the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1633:1664 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 5 70 dep multivorans 911:921 arg1 OmpR 923:926 OmpR 923:926 OmpR 923:926 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 2 71 theme Burkholderia 417:428 arg1 isolates 446:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates 417:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions 417:483 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 1 72 theme man-made 256:263 arg1 environments 265:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 different natural and man-made environments 234:276 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 5 73 theme swimming 1070:1077 arg1 motilities 1092:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 0 74 from Persistence 138:148 arg1 Lung 173:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 8 75 theme regulator 2014:2022 arg1 activity 2039:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity 1985:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 7 76 theme starvation 1521:1530 arg1 tolerance 1532:1540 starvation tolerance 1521:1540 starvation tolerance 1521:1540 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 77 from defects 1974:1980 arg1 activity 2039:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity 1985:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 4 78 with complementation 770:784 arg1 gene 831:834 the native gene 820:834 the native gene 820:834 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 8 79 theme CF 1727:1728 arg1 isolates 1730:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 11 80 theme stress 2645:2650 arg1 conditions 2652:2661 stress conditions 2645:2661 stress conditions 2645:2661 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 9 81 theme interventions 2183:2195 arg1 development 2152:2162 the development 2148:2162 the development of new therapeutic interventions 2148:2195 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 8 82 theme high-osmolarity 1908:1922 arg1 conditions 1924:1933 high-osmolarity conditions 1908:1933 high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1908:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 3 83 theme major 586:590 arg1 cause 592:596 a major cause 584:596 a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype 584:624 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 10 84 theme cell 2487:2490 arg1 components 2501:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 several cell envelope components 2479:2510 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 7 85 theme nutrients 1494:1502 arg1 composition 1418:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 7 85 theme nutrients 1494:1502 arg1 acquisition 1463:1473 iron acquisition 1458:1473 iron acquisition 1458:1473 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 7 85 theme nutrients 1494:1502 arg1 uptake 1484:1489 the uptake 1480:1489 the uptake of nutrients 1480:1502 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 7 85 theme nutrients 1494:1502 arg1 motility 1431:1438 motility 1431:1438 motility 1431:1438 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 7 85 theme nutrients 1494:1502 arg1 response 1448:1455 stress response 1441:1455 stress response 1441:1455 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 7 86 theme Transcriptomic 1285:1298 arg1 studies 1300:1306 Transcriptomic studies 1285:1306 Transcriptomic studies 1285:1306 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 87 theme due 1935:1937 arg1 conditions 1924:1933 high-osmolarity conditions 1908:1933 high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1908:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 5 88 from increase 1058:1065 arg1 growth 952:957 growth 952:957 growth 952:957 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 88 from increase 1058:1065 arg1 formation 1007:1015 biofilm formation 999:1015 biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium 999:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 88 from increase 1058:1065 arg1 motilities 1092:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 swimming and swarming motilities 1070:1101 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 88 from increase 1058:1065 arg1 adhesion 960:967 adhesion 960:967 adhesion to lung epithelial cells 960:992 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 10 89 theme CF 2318:2319 arg1 infections 2333:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 6 90 theme Galleria 1213:1220 arg1 mellonella 1222:1231 Galleria mellonella 1213:1231 Galleria mellonella 1213:1231 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 9 91 theme respiratory 2216:2226 arg1 infections 2228:2237 chronic respiratory infections 2208:2237 chronic respiratory infections 2208:2237 Understanding how bacterial CF pathogens thrive in this environment might help the development of new therapeutic interventions to prevent chronic respiratory infections. 29914989 3 92 theme nonmucoid 605:613 arg1 morphotype 615:624 the nonmucoid morphotype 601:624 the nonmucoid morphotype 601:624 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 5 93 theme multivorans 911:921 arg1 loss 879:882 The loss 875:882 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 875:926 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 7 94 theme iron 1458:1461 arg1 acquisition 1463:1473 iron acquisition 1458:1473 iron acquisition 1458:1473 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 8 95 dep environment.IMPORTANCE 1827:1848 arg1 experience 1897:1906 experience 1897:1906 experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1897:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 0 96 theme Cystic 157:162 arg1 Lung 173:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 the Cystic Fibrosis Lung 153:176 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 3 97 theme small 663:667 arg1 indels 669:674 small indels 663:674 small indels 663:674 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 10 98 theme Burkholderia 2345:2356 arg1 one 2290:2292 one 2290:2292 one 2290:2292 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 98 theme Burkholderia 2345:2356 arg1 multivorans 2358:2368 Burkholderia multivorans 2345:2368 Burkholderia multivorans 2345:2368 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 98 theme Burkholderia 2345:2356 arg1 species 2301:2307 the species 2297:2307 the species found in CF respiratory infections 2297:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 3 99 theme ompR 683:686 arg1 gene 688:691 the ompR gene 679:691 the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system 679:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 4 100 theme nonmucoid 789:797 arg1 NMVs 809:812 NMVs 809:812 NMVs 809:812 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 4 100 theme nonmucoid 789:797 arg1 variants 799:806 nonmucoid variants 789:806 nonmucoid variants (NMVs) 789:813 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 8 101 theme transmembrane 1988:2000 arg1 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 CFTR 2025:2028 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 101 theme transmembrane 1988:2000 arg1 regulator 2014:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator 1985:2022 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 10 102 theme colony 2413:2418 arg1 variants 2420:2427 nonmucoid colony variants 2403:2427 nonmucoid colony variants 2403:2427 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 11 103 theme genetic 2527:2533 arg1 approaches 2576:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 7 104 theme membrane 1409:1416 arg1 composition 1418:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 outer membrane composition 1403:1428 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 0 105 theme Cell 97:100 arg1 Properties 111:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 Other Cell Envelope Properties 91:120 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 5 106 theme lung 972:975 arg1 cells 988:992 lung epithelial cells 972:992 lung epithelial cells 972:992 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 2 107 theme cepacian 549:556 arg1 devoid 517:522 devoid 517:522 devoid 517:522 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 10 108 theme response 2268:2275 arg1 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 important 2436:2444 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 108 theme response 2268:2275 arg1 regulator 2277:2285 the OmpR response regulator 2259:2285 the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, 2259:2369 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 8 109 theme CF 1824:1825 arg1 environment.IMPORTANCE 1827:1848 the CF environment.IMPORTANCE 1820:1848 the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1820:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 11 110 theme genomic 2548:2554 arg1 approaches 2576:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 6 111 theme low 1180:1182 arg1 osmolarity 1184:1193 low osmolarity 1180:1193 low osmolarity 1180:1193 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 8 112 theme protein 2031:2037 arg1 activity 2039:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity 1985:2046 CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells 1985:2066 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 5 113 from formation 1007:1015 arg1 medium 1036:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 11 114 theme phenotypic 2536:2545 arg1 approaches 2576:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches 2527:2585 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 115 theme remodeling 2628:2637 arg1 OmpR 2595:2598 OmpR 2595:2598 OmpR 2595:2598 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 11 115 theme remodeling 2628:2637 arg1 regulator 2605:2613 a regulator 2603:2613 a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions 2603:2661 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 0 116 theme OmpR 4:7 arg1 Regulator 9:17 The OmpR Regulator 0:17 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans 0:45 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 8 117 theme cystic 1861:1866 arg1 fibrosis 1868:1875 the cystic fibrosis 1857:1875 the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung 1857:1885 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 117 theme cystic 1861:1866 arg1 CF 1878:1879 CF 1878:1879 CF 1878:1879 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 2 118 theme nonmucoid 498:506 arg1 variants 508:515 nonmucoid variants 498:515 nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian 498:556 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 3 119 from mutations 649:657 arg1 gene 688:691 the ompR gene 679:691 the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system 679:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 2 120 theme mucoid 430:435 arg1 isolates 446:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates 417:453 Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions 417:483 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 5 121 theme functional 887:896 arg1 multivorans 911:921 functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 887:926 functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR 887:926 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 5 122 theme high-osmolarity 1020:1034 arg1 medium 1036:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 high-osmolarity medium 1020:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 10 123 located found 2309:2313 arg1 infections 2333:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 CF respiratory infections 2318:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 10 123 located found 2309:2313 arg2 species 2301:2307 the species 2297:2307 the species found in CF respiratory infections 2297:2342 Here, we show that the OmpR response regulator of one of the species found in CF respiratory infections, Burkholderia multivorans, is involved in the emergence of nonmucoid colony variants and is important for osmoadaptation by regulating several cell envelope components. 29914989 3 124 theme response 704:711 arg1 regulator 713:721 a response regulator 702:721 a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system 702:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 0 125 theme multivorans 35:45 arg1 Regulator 9:17 The OmpR Regulator 0:17 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans 0:45 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 1 126 theme chronic 328:334 arg1 infections 348:357 chronic respiratory infections 328:357 chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients 328:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 6 127 from osmolarity 1184:1193 arg1 formation 1167:1175 biofilm formation 1159:1175 biofilm formation at low osmolarity 1159:1193 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 6 127 from osmolarity 1184:1193 arg1 virulence 1200:1208 virulence 1200:1208 virulence 1200:1208 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 6 127 from osmolarity 1184:1193 arg1 resistance 1147:1156 antibiotic resistance 1136:1156 antibiotic resistance 1136:1156 In contrast, phenotypes such as antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation at low osmolarity, and virulence in Galleria mellonella were compromised by the absence of functional OmpR. 29914989 0 128 theme Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid 56:74 arg1 Transition 76:85 Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition 56:85 Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition 56:85 The OmpR Regulator of Burkholderia multivorans Controls Mucoid-to-Nonmucoid Transition and Other Cell Envelope Properties Associated with Persistence in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. 29914989 2 129 theme devoid 517:522 arg1 variants 508:515 nonmucoid variants 498:515 nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian 498:556 Previous studies showed that Burkholderia mucoid clinical isolates grown under stress conditions give rise to nonmucoid variants devoid of the exopolysaccharide cepacian. 29914989 8 130 theme cystic 1637:1642 arg1 CF 1654:1655 CF 1654:1655 CF 1654:1655 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 8 130 theme cystic 1637:1642 arg1 fibrosis 1644:1651 the cystic fibrosis 1633:1651 the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways 1633:1664 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 3 131 theme two-component 728:740 arg1 system 753:758 a two-component regulatory system 726:758 a two-component regulatory system 726:758 Here, we determined that a major cause of the nonmucoid morphotype involves nonsynonymous mutations and small indels in the ompR gene encoding a response regulator of a two-component regulatory system. 29914989 8 132 theme ompR 1687:1690 arg1 gene 1692:1695 the ompR gene 1683:1695 the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates 1683:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 29914989 1 133 theme cystic 362:367 arg1 fibrosis 369:376 cystic fibrosis 362:376 cystic fibrosis patients 362:385 Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex grow in different natural and man-made environments and are feared opportunistic pathogens that cause chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients. 29914989 7 134 theme ompR 1335:1338 arg1 gene 1340:1343 the ompR gene 1331:1343 the ompR gene 1331:1343 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 11 135 theme wall 2623:2626 arg1 remodeling 2628:2637 cell wall remodeling 2618:2637 cell wall remodeling under stress conditions 2618:2661 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 4 136 theme exopolysaccharide 845:861 arg1 production 863:872 exopolysaccharide production 845:872 exopolysaccharide production 845:872 In trans complementation of nonmucoid variants (NMVs) with the native gene restored exopolysaccharide production. 29914989 7 137 with consistent 1505:1514 arg1 tolerance 1532:1540 starvation tolerance 1521:1540 starvation tolerance 1521:1540 Transcriptomic studies indicated that loss of the ompR gene affects the expression of 701 genes, many associated with outer membrane composition, motility, stress response, iron acquisition, and the uptake of nutrients, consistent with starvation tolerance. 29914989 5 138 theme positive 932:939 arg1 effects 941:947 positive effects 932:947 positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium 932:1041 The loss of functional Burkholderia multivorans OmpR had positive effects on growth, adhesion to lung epithelial cells, and biofilm formation in high-osmolarity medium, as well as an increase in swimming and swarming motilities. 29914989 11 139 theme cell 2618:2621 arg1 remodeling 2628:2637 cell wall remodeling 2618:2637 cell wall remodeling under stress conditions 2618:2661 Specifically, genetic, phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches uncover OmpR as a regulator of cell wall remodeling under stress conditions, with implications in several phenotypes such as exopolysaccharide production, motility, antibiotic resistance, adhesion, and virulence. 29914989 8 140 theme collected 1717:1725 arg1 isolates 1730:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 longitudinally collected CF isolates 1702:1737 Since the stresses here imposed on B. multivorans may strongly resemble the ones found in the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways and mutations in the ompR gene from longitudinally collected CF isolates have been found, this regulator might be important for the production of NMVs in the CF environment.IMPORTANCE Within the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, bacteria experience high-osmolarity conditions due to an ion unbalance resulting from defects in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein activity in epithelial cells. 30933691 9 0 theme laser 1454:1458 arg1 irradiation 1460:1470 the laser irradiation 1450:1470 the laser irradiation 1450:1470 Moreover, HDC NPs with the laser irradiation exhibit enhanced anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. 30933691 10 1 theme nanoplatform 1600:1611 arg1 design 1570:1575 design 1570:1575 design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform 1570:1611 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 6 2 theme near-infrared 1047:1059 arg1 NIR 1062:1064 NIR 1062:1064 NIR 1062:1064 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 6 2 theme near-infrared 1047:1059 arg1 imaging 1080:1086 near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging 1047:1086 near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging 1047:1086 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 5 3 theme chlorin 837:843 arg1 Ce6 849:851 Ce6 849:851 Ce6 849:851 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 3 theme chlorin 837:843 arg1 e6 845:846 photosensitizer chlorin e6 821:846 photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) 821:852 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 4 4 theme drug 667:670 arg1 content 680:686 drug loading content 667:686 drug loading content 667:686 Therefore, it is highly desirable for constructing chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 0 5 theme chemo-photodynamic 97:114 arg1 therapy 116:122 all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 86:122 all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 86:122 pH-responsive and self-targeting assembly from hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 7 6 theme constant 1199:1206 arg1 composition 1208:1218 a constant composition 1197:1218 a constant composition 1197:1218 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 8 7 theme HDC 1310:1312 arg1 NPs 1314:1316 The HDC NPs 1306:1316 The HDC NPs 1306:1316 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 10 8 with therapy 1639:1645 arg1 composition 1675:1685 precisely controllable composition 1652:1685 precisely controllable composition 1652:1685 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 10 8 with therapy 1639:1645 arg1 content 1704:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 3 9 theme drug 386:389 arg1 contents 391:398 drug contents 386:398 drug contents 386:398 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 6 10 theme all-in-one 959:968 arg1 NPs 985:987 NPs 985:987 NPs 985:987 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 6 10 theme all-in-one 959:968 arg1 nanoparticles 970:982 all-in-one nanoparticles 959:982 all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 959:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 9 11 theme enhanced 1480:1487 arg1 activities 1500:1509 enhanced anticancer activities 1480:1509 enhanced anticancer activities 1480:1509 Moreover, HDC NPs with the laser irradiation exhibit enhanced anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. 30933691 3 12 theme contents 391:398 arg1 variation 373:381 batch to batch variation 358:381 batch to batch variation of drug contents 358:398 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 0 13 from conjugate 69:77 arg1 assembly 33:40 assembly 33:40 assembly 33:40 pH-responsive and self-targeting assembly from hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 7 14 theme drug 1224:1227 arg1 content 1237:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 10 15 theme all-in-one 1580:1589 arg1 nanoplatform 1600:1611 all-in-one advanced nanoplatform 1580:1611 all-in-one advanced nanoplatform 1580:1611 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 4 16 theme loading 672:678 arg1 content 680:686 drug loading content 667:686 drug loading content 667:686 Therefore, it is highly desirable for constructing chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 5 17 theme photosensitizer 821:835 arg1 Ce6 849:851 Ce6 849:851 Ce6 849:851 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 17 theme photosensitizer 821:835 arg1 e6 845:846 photosensitizer chlorin e6 821:846 photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) 821:852 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 18 theme precise 697:703 arg1 nanoplatform 732:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 8 19 theme tumor-targeted 1382:1395 arg1 accumulation 1397:1408 remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation 1364:1408 remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation 1364:1408 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 0 20 theme acid-based 58:67 arg1 conjugate 69:77 hyaluronic acid-based conjugate 47:77 hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 47:122 pH-responsive and self-targeting assembly from hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 5 21 theme chemo-photodynamic 705:722 arg1 nanoplatform 732:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 7 22 theme precise 1160:1166 arg1 components 1168:1177 precise components 1160:1177 precise components 1160:1177 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 7 23 theme therapy 1284:1290 arg1 nanoplatform 1292:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 7 24 theme precise 1257:1263 arg1 nanoplatform 1292:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 3 25 theme batch 358:362 arg1 variation 373:381 batch to batch variation 358:381 batch to batch variation of drug contents 358:398 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 5 26 theme therapy 724:730 arg1 nanoplatform 732:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 695:743 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 27 theme e6 845:846 arg1 conjugation 779:789 the chemical conjugation 766:789 the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 766:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 10 28 theme chemo-photodynamic 1620:1637 arg1 therapy 1639:1645 chemo-photodynamic therapy 1620:1645 chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content 1620:1710 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 8 29 theme cellular 1344:1351 arg1 uptake 1353:1358 cellular uptake 1344:1358 cellular uptake 1344:1358 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 9 30 theme HDC 1437:1439 arg1 NPs 1441:1443 HDC NPs 1437:1443 HDC NPs with the laser irradiation 1437:1470 Moreover, HDC NPs with the laser irradiation exhibit enhanced anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. 30933691 1 31 theme Chemo-photodynamic 125:142 arg1 strategy 169:176 an attractive strategy 155:176 an attractive strategy against cancer 155:191 Chemo-photodynamic therapy is an attractive strategy against cancer. 30933691 1 31 theme Chemo-photodynamic 125:142 arg1 therapy 144:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy 125:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy 125:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy is an attractive strategy against cancer. 30933691 3 32 theme clinical 460:467 arg1 application 469:479 the clinical application 456:479 the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 456:529 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 6 33 theme delivery 1037:1044 arg1 properties 995:1004 properties 995:1004 properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 995:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 10 34 theme advanced 1591:1598 arg1 nanoplatform 1600:1611 all-in-one advanced nanoplatform 1580:1611 all-in-one advanced nanoplatform 1580:1611 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 9 35 with NPs 1441:1443 arg1 irradiation 1460:1470 the laser irradiation 1450:1470 the laser irradiation 1450:1470 Moreover, HDC NPs with the laser irradiation exhibit enhanced anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. 30933691 5 36 theme targeting 864:872 arg1 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 36 theme targeting 864:872 arg1 acid 885:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid 857:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 857:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 7 37 theme HDC 1184:1186 arg1 NPs 1188:1190 the HDC NPs 1180:1190 the HDC NPs 1180:1190 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 3 38 theme chemo-photodynamic 504:521 arg1 therapy 523:529 currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 484:529 currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 484:529 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 6 39 theme self-targeting 1022:1035 arg1 delivery 1037:1044 self-targeting delivery 1022:1044 self-targeting delivery 1022:1044 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 5 40 theme doxorubicin 799:809 arg1 conjugation 779:789 the chemical conjugation 766:789 the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 766:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 2 41 theme chemotherapeutic 222:237 arg1 agent 239:243 chemotherapeutic agent 222:243 chemotherapeutic agent 222:243 However, the combination of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer is usually realized by physically embedding one or two agents in the carriers. 30933691 10 42 theme controllable 1662:1673 arg1 composition 1675:1685 precisely controllable composition 1652:1685 precisely controllable composition 1652:1685 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 5 43 theme hyaluronic 874:883 arg1 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 43 theme hyaluronic 874:883 arg1 acid 885:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid 857:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 857:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 3 44 theme therapy 523:529 arg1 application 469:479 the clinical application 456:479 the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 456:529 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 0 45 theme hyaluronic 47:56 arg1 conjugate 69:77 hyaluronic acid-based conjugate 47:77 hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 47:122 pH-responsive and self-targeting assembly from hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 4 46 theme controllable 638:649 arg1 composition 651:661 precisely controllable composition 628:661 precisely controllable composition 628:661 Therefore, it is highly desirable for constructing chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 7 47 theme HDC 1140:1142 arg1 conjugate 1144:1152 HDC conjugate 1140:1152 HDC conjugate 1140:1152 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 7 48 theme chemo-photodynamic 1265:1282 arg1 nanoplatform 1292:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 1255:1303 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 8 49 theme higher 1337:1342 arg1 uptake 1353:1358 cellular uptake 1344:1358 cellular uptake 1344:1358 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 6 50 theme therapy 1123:1129 arg1 properties 995:1004 properties 995:1004 properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 995:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 5 51 theme active 857:862 arg1 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 HA 891:892 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 5 51 theme active 857:862 arg1 acid 885:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid 857:888 active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 857:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 4 52 theme chemo-photodynamic 583:600 arg1 nanoplatform 610:621 chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 583:621 chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 583:621 Therefore, it is highly desirable for constructing chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 7 53 theme loading 1229:1235 arg1 content 1237:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 8 54 theme better 1375:1380 arg1 accumulation 1397:1408 remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation 1364:1408 remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation 1364:1408 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 3 55 theme developed 494:502 arg1 therapy 523:529 currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 484:529 currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy 484:529 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 3 56 theme composition 422:432 arg1 uncertainty 434:444 composition uncertainty 422:444 composition uncertainty 422:444 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 6 57 theme pH-response 1009:1019 arg1 properties 995:1004 properties 995:1004 properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 995:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 3 58 dep variation 373:381 arg1 to 364:365 to 364:365 to 364:365 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 6 59 theme achieved 900:907 arg1 conjugate 926:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate 896:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate 896:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 3 60 theme uncertainty 434:444 arg1 risk 414:417 the risk 410:417 the risk of composition uncertainty 410:444 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 5 61 theme chemical 770:777 arg1 conjugation 779:789 the chemical conjugation 766:789 the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA) 766:893 Here, a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform is reported based on the chemical conjugation of both doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to active targeting hyaluronic acid (HA). 30933691 6 62 theme HA-DOX-Ce6 909:918 arg1 conjugate 926:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate 896:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate 896:934 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 6 63 theme combination 1111:1121 arg1 therapy 1123:1129 chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 1092:1129 chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 1092:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 1 64 theme attractive 158:167 arg1 strategy 169:176 an attractive strategy 155:176 an attractive strategy against cancer 155:191 Chemo-photodynamic therapy is an attractive strategy against cancer. 30933691 1 64 theme attractive 158:167 arg1 therapy 144:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy 125:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy 125:150 Chemo-photodynamic therapy is an attractive strategy against cancer. 30933691 4 65 theme therapy 602:608 arg1 nanoplatform 610:621 chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 583:621 chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform 583:621 Therefore, it is highly desirable for constructing chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 2 66 theme photosensitizer 249:263 arg1 combination 207:217 the combination 203:217 the combination of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer 203:263 However, the combination of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer is usually realized by physically embedding one or two agents in the carriers. 30933691 10 67 theme loading 1696:1702 arg1 content 1704:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 8 68 theme free 1415:1418 arg1 drugs 1420:1424 free drugs 1415:1424 free drugs 1415:1424 The HDC NPs show significantly higher cellular uptake and remarkably better tumor-targeted accumulation than free drugs. 30933691 6 69 theme chemo-photodynamic 1092:1109 arg1 therapy 1123:1129 chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 1092:1129 chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 1092:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 6 70 with nanoparticles 970:982 arg1 properties 995:1004 properties 995:1004 properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 995:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 0 71 theme all-in-one 86:95 arg1 therapy 116:122 all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 86:122 all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy 86:122 pH-responsive and self-targeting assembly from hyaluronic acid-based conjugate toward all-in-one chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 2 72 theme agent 239:243 arg1 combination 207:217 the combination 203:217 the combination of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer 203:263 However, the combination of chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer is usually realized by physically embedding one or two agents in the carriers. 30933691 10 73 theme drug 1691:1694 arg1 content 1704:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 drug loading content 1691:1710 This work may open the door for design of all-in-one advanced nanoplatform toward chemo-photodynamic therapy with precisely controllable composition and drug loading content. 30933691 6 74 theme imaging 1080:1086 arg1 properties 995:1004 properties 995:1004 properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy 995:1129 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 3 75 theme batch 367:371 arg1 variation 373:381 batch to batch variation 358:381 batch to batch variation of drug contents 358:398 In this case, batch to batch variation of drug contents increases the risk of composition uncertainty, limiting the clinical application of currently developed chemo-photodynamic therapy. 30933691 9 76 theme anticancer 1489:1498 arg1 activities 1500:1509 enhanced anticancer activities 1480:1509 enhanced anticancer activities 1480:1509 Moreover, HDC NPs with the laser irradiation exhibit enhanced anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. 30933691 7 77 contain have 1192:1195 arg2 composition 1208:1218 a constant composition 1197:1218 a constant composition 1197:1218 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 7 77 contain have 1192:1195 arg2 content 1237:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 drug loading content 1224:1243 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 7 77 contain have 1192:1195 arg1 NPs 1188:1190 the HDC NPs 1180:1190 the HDC NPs 1180:1190 Because HDC conjugate holds precise components, the HDC NPs have a constant composition and drug loading content, endowing a precise chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform. 30933691 6 78 theme fluorescence 1067:1078 arg1 NIR 1062:1064 NIR 1062:1064 NIR 1062:1064 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30933691 6 78 theme fluorescence 1067:1078 arg1 imaging 1080:1086 near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging 1047:1086 near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging 1047:1086 The achieved HA-DOX-Ce6 (HDC) conjugate can self-assemble into all-in-one nanoparticles (NPs) with properties of pH-response, self-targeting delivery, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. 30218732 4 0 theme test 682:685 arg1 results 687:693 The mice test results 673:693 The mice test results 673:693 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 5 1 theme complete 886:893 arg1 rate 917:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate 879:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71% 879:934 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 4 2 theme mice 677:680 arg1 results 687:693 The mice test results 673:693 The mice test results 673:693 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 8 3 contain has 1309:1311 arg1 composite 1293:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 1262:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity 1262:1334 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 8 3 contain has 1309:1311 arg2 activity 1327:1334 antibacterial activity 1313:1334 antibacterial activity 1313:1334 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 3 4 theme gel 567:569 arg1 composite 571:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 2 5 theme gel 291:293 arg1 properties 246:255 the physicochemical properties 226:255 the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained 226:302 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 4 6 theme healing 750:756 arg1 rate 758:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 4 6 theme healing 750:756 arg1 healing 772:778 fastest healing 764:778 fastest healing speed in all the treatments 764:806 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 2 7 theme collagen/chitosan/CPPs 268:289 arg1 gel 291:293 the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 260:293 the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained 260:302 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 8 8 theme therapeutic 1351:1361 arg1 efficiency 1363:1372 a high therapeutic efficiency 1344:1372 a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds 1344:1387 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 7 9 theme gel 1229:1231 arg1 cytotoxicity 1209:1220 no significant cytotoxicity 1194:1220 no significant cytotoxicity of the gel 1194:1231 Meanwhile, no significant cytotoxicity of the gel was observed. 30218732 7 9 theme gel 1229:1231 arg1 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile, no significant cytotoxicity of the gel was observed. 30218732 5 10 theme surface 901:907 arg1 healing 909:915 wound surface healing 895:915 nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71% 879:934 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 5 11 theme % 934:934 arg1 rate 917:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate 879:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71% 879:934 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 2 12 theme new 264:266 arg1 gel 291:293 the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 260:293 the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained 260:302 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 6 13 theme wound 1169:1173 arg1 tissue 1175:1180 the wound tissue 1165:1180 the wound tissue 1165:1180 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 2 14 theme thermal 493:499 arg1 analyzer 501:508 differential thermal analyzer 480:508 differential thermal analyzer (DTA) 480:514 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 14 theme thermal 493:499 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 14 theme thermal 493:499 arg1 DTA 511:513 DTA 511:513 DTA 511:513 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 5 15 theme wound 895:899 arg1 healing 909:915 wound surface healing 895:915 nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71% 879:934 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 8 16 theme high 1346:1349 arg1 efficiency 1363:1372 a high therapeutic efficiency 1344:1372 a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds 1344:1387 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 6 17 theme wound 1042:1046 arg1 healing 1048:1054 cutaneous wound healing 1032:1054 cutaneous wound healing 1032:1054 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 8 18 theme collagen/chitosan/CPPs 1266:1287 arg1 composite 1293:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 1262:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity 1262:1334 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 5 19 theme collagen/chitosan/CPPs 845:866 arg1 gel 868:870 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 845:870 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 845:870 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 8 20 theme heal 1377:1380 arg1 wounds 1382:1387 heal wounds 1377:1387 heal wounds 1377:1387 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 8 21 theme gel 1289:1291 arg1 composite 1293:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 1262:1301 the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity 1262:1334 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 3 22 theme collagen/chitosan/CPPs 544:565 arg1 composite 571:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 0 23 theme gel 41:43 arg1 composite 45:53 collagen/chitosan gel composite 23:53 collagen/chitosan gel composite 23:53 Oligoarginine mediated collagen/chitosan gel composite for cutaneous wound healing. 30218732 6 24 theme histopathological 950:966 arg1 examination 968:978 histopathological examination 950:978 histopathological examination 950:978 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 4 25 theme highest 742:748 arg1 rate 758:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 4 25 theme highest 742:748 arg1 healing 772:778 fastest healing 764:778 fastest healing speed in all the treatments 764:806 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 6 26 theme tissue 1086:1091 arg1 formation 1093:1101 granulation tissue formation 1074:1101 granulation tissue formation 1074:1101 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 0 27 theme collagen/chitosan 23:39 arg1 composite 45:53 collagen/chitosan gel composite 23:53 collagen/chitosan gel composite 23:53 Oligoarginine mediated collagen/chitosan gel composite for cutaneous wound healing. 30218732 4 28 theme fastest 764:770 arg1 rate 758:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 4 28 theme fastest 764:770 arg1 healing 772:778 fastest healing 764:778 fastest healing speed in all the treatments 764:806 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 1 29 theme collagen/chitosan 103:119 arg1 composite 125:133 the collagen/chitosan gel composite 99:133 the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) 99:204 In this study, the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) was prepared. 30218732 6 30 theme granulation 1074:1084 arg1 formation 1093:1101 granulation tissue formation 1074:1101 granulation tissue formation 1074:1101 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 4 31 contain had 734:736 arg2 healing 772:778 fastest healing 764:778 fastest healing speed in all the treatments 764:806 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 4 31 contain had 734:736 arg1 gel 730:732 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 707:732 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 707:732 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 4 31 contain had 734:736 arg2 rate 758:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 the highest healing rate 738:761 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 3 32 theme good 644:647 arg1 ability 649:655 good ability 644:655 good ability 644:655 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 2 33 dep fourier 404:410 arg1 transform 412:420 transform 412:420 transform infrared (FTIR) 412:436 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 6 34 theme collagen 1115:1122 arg1 deposition 1124:1133 collagen deposition 1115:1133 collagen deposition 1115:1133 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 6 35 theme cutaneous 1032:1040 arg1 healing 1048:1054 cutaneous wound healing 1032:1054 cutaneous wound healing 1032:1054 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 3 36 contain had 640:642 arg1 composite 571:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite 544:579 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 3 36 contain had 640:642 arg2 ability 649:655 good ability 644:655 good ability 644:655 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 0 37 theme wound 69:73 arg1 healing 75:81 cutaneous wound healing 59:81 cutaneous wound healing 59:81 Oligoarginine mediated collagen/chitosan gel composite for cutaneous wound healing. 30218732 2 38 dep infrared 422:429 arg1 FTIR 432:435 FTIR 432:435 FTIR 432:435 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 1 39 theme gel 121:123 arg1 composite 125:133 the collagen/chitosan gel composite 99:133 the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) 99:204 In this study, the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) was prepared. 30218732 0 40 theme cutaneous 59:67 arg1 healing 75:81 cutaneous wound healing 59:81 cutaneous wound healing 59:81 Oligoarginine mediated collagen/chitosan gel composite for cutaneous wound healing. 30218732 2 41 theme differential 439:450 arg1 DSC 474:476 DSC 474:476 DSC 474:476 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 41 theme differential 439:450 arg1 calorimetry 461:471 differential scanning calorimetry 439:471 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 439:477 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 41 theme differential 439:450 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 5 42 theme healing 909:915 arg1 rate 917:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate 879:920 nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71% 879:934 After 14 days, the group treated by collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel showed nearly complete wound surface healing rate of 98 ± 4.71%. 30218732 7 43 theme significant 1197:1207 arg1 cytotoxicity 1209:1220 no significant cytotoxicity 1194:1220 no significant cytotoxicity of the gel 1194:1231 Meanwhile, no significant cytotoxicity of the gel was observed. 30218732 7 43 theme significant 1197:1207 arg1 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile 1183:1191 Meanwhile, no significant cytotoxicity of the gel was observed. 30218732 2 44 theme related 326:332 arg1 characteristics 334:348 the related characteristics 322:348 the related characteristics 322:348 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 3 45 theme aureus 622:627 arg1 growth 629:634 Staphylococcus aureus growth 607:634 Staphylococcus aureus growth 607:634 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 1 46 theme cell-penetrating 155:170 arg1 R8 202:203 R8 202:203 R8 202:203 In this study, the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) was prepared. 30218732 1 46 theme cell-penetrating 155:170 arg1 CPP 181:183 CPP 181:183 CPP 181:183 In this study, the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) was prepared. 30218732 1 46 theme cell-penetrating 155:170 arg1 peptide 172:178 a cell-penetrating peptide 153:178 a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) 153:204 In this study, the collagen/chitosan gel composite supplemented with a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) (Oligoarginine, R8) was prepared. 30218732 4 47 theme collagen/chitosan/CPPs 707:728 arg1 gel 730:732 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 707:732 collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel 707:732 The mice test results showed that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel had the highest healing rate, fastest healing speed in all the treatments. 30218732 2 48 theme differential 480:491 arg1 analyzer 501:508 differential thermal analyzer 480:508 differential thermal analyzer (DTA) 480:514 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 48 theme differential 480:491 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 48 theme differential 480:491 arg1 DTA 511:513 DTA 511:513 DTA 511:513 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 49 theme physicochemical 230:244 arg1 properties 246:255 the physicochemical properties 226:255 the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained 226:302 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 8 50 theme antibacterial 1313:1325 arg1 activity 1327:1334 antibacterial activity 1313:1334 antibacterial activity 1313:1334 In conclusion, the collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite which has antibacterial activity renders a high therapeutic efficiency to heal wounds. 30218732 2 51 theme electron 377:384 arg1 SEM 398:400 SEM 398:400 SEM 398:400 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 51 theme electron 377:384 arg1 fourier 404:410 fourier 404:410 fourier transform infrared (FTIR) 404:436 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 51 theme electron 377:384 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 51 theme electron 377:384 arg1 calorimetry 461:471 differential scanning calorimetry 439:471 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 439:477 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 51 theme electron 377:384 arg1 analyzer 501:508 differential thermal analyzer 480:508 differential thermal analyzer (DTA) 480:514 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 3 52 theme heal 660:663 arg1 wounds 665:670 heal wounds 660:670 heal wounds 660:670 Furthermore, we found that collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel composite was capable of inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth and had good ability to heal wounds. 30218732 2 53 theme scanning 452:459 arg1 DSC 474:476 DSC 474:476 DSC 474:476 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 53 theme scanning 452:459 arg1 calorimetry 461:471 differential scanning calorimetry 439:471 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 439:477 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 53 theme scanning 452:459 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 6 54 from angiogenesis 1149:1160 arg1 tissue 1175:1180 the wound tissue 1165:1180 the wound tissue 1165:1180 In addition, histopathological examination suggested that collagen/chitosan/CPPs could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. 30218732 2 55 theme scanning 368:375 arg1 SEM 398:400 SEM 398:400 SEM 398:400 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 55 theme scanning 368:375 arg1 fourier 404:410 fourier 404:410 fourier transform infrared (FTIR) 404:436 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 55 theme scanning 368:375 arg1 microscopy 386:395 scanning electron microscopy 368:395 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 368:401 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 55 theme scanning 368:375 arg1 calorimetry 461:471 differential scanning calorimetry 439:471 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 439:477 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30218732 2 55 theme scanning 368:375 arg1 analyzer 501:508 differential thermal analyzer 480:508 differential thermal analyzer (DTA) 480:514 Then, the physicochemical properties of the new collagen/chitosan/CPPs gel obtained were analyzed and the related characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analyzer (DTA). 30895624 2 0 theme major 115:119 arg1 crop 129:132 a major starchy crop 113:132 a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries 113:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 8 1 theme endogenous 1011:1020 arg1 amylase 1022:1028 the endogenous amylase 1007:1028 the endogenous amylase 1007:1028 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 9 2 theme functional 1161:1170 arg1 properties 1172:1181 functional properties 1161:1181 functional properties 1161:1181 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 9 3 theme antioxidant 1134:1144 arg1 activities 1146:1155 antioxidant activities 1134:1155 antioxidant activities 1134:1155 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 digestibility 716:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 index 700:704 water solubility index 683:704 water solubility index 683:704 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 activities 655:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 4 theme chemical 612:619 arg1 power 676:680 swelling power 667:680 swelling power 667:680 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 4 5 theme sweetpotato 385:395 arg1 varieties 397:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties 367:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 367:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 6 6 theme in 634:635 arg1 activities 655:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 6 theme in 634:635 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 9 7 theme sweetpotato 1242:1252 arg1 varieties 1254:1262 these seven sweetpotato varieties 1230:1262 these seven sweetpotato varieties 1230:1262 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 10 8 theme sweetpotato-based 1409:1425 arg1 products 1427:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 4 9 theme Zealand 377:383 arg1 varieties 397:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties 367:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 367:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 1 10 theme BACKGROUND 64:73 arg1 Lam 104:106 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 1 10 theme BACKGROUND 64:73 arg1 Sweetpotato 75:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato 64:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 64:108 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 9 11 theme component 1041:1049 arg1 analysis 1051:1058 Principal component analysis 1031:1058 Principal component analysis 1031:1058 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 8 12 theme swelling 925:932 arg1 properties 955:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 11 13 theme Chemical 1455:1462 arg1 Industry 1464:1471 Chemical Industry 1455:1471 Chemical Industry 1455:1471 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 30895624 2 14 theme agricultural 145:156 arg1 significance 158:169 great agricultural significance 139:169 great agricultural significance in many countries 139:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 10 15 theme products 1427:1434 arg1 formulations 1371:1382 the formulations 1367:1382 the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1367:1434 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 4 16 from varieties 397:405 arg1 flours 355:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours 333:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 333:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 4 16 from varieties 397:405 arg1 properties 319:328 physicochemical properties 303:328 physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 303:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 8 17 theme Correlation 888:898 arg1 analysis 900:907 Correlation analysis 888:907 Correlation analysis 888:907 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 2 18 theme great 139:143 arg1 significance 158:169 great agricultural significance 139:169 great agricultural significance in many countries 139:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 9 19 theme chemical 1095:1102 arg1 composition 1104:1114 chemical composition 1095:1114 chemical composition 1095:1114 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 4 20 with varieties 397:405 arg1 significance 423:434 commercial significance 412:434 commercial significance 412:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 6 21 theme RESULTS 573:579 arg1 variations 587:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 3 22 theme sweetpotato 243:253 arg1 improvement 263:273 sweetpotato quality improvement 243:273 sweetpotato quality improvement 243:273 There is a need to assess more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement. 30895624 6 23 theme flours 789:794 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 23 theme flours 789:794 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 1 24 theme Ipomoea 88:94 arg1 Lam 104:106 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 1 24 theme Ipomoea 88:94 arg1 Sweetpotato 75:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato 64:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 64:108 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 6 25 theme in 707:708 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 25 theme in 707:708 arg1 digestibility 716:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 digestibility 716:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 in vitro digestibility 707:728 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 index 700:704 water solubility index 683:704 water solubility index 683:704 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 activities 655:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg2 variations 587:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 26 located found 603:607 arg1 power 676:680 swelling power 667:680 swelling power 667:680 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 9 27 dep similarity 1198:1207 arg1 the 1194:1196 the 1194:1196 the 1194:1196 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 3 28 theme genetic 221:227 arg1 resources 229:237 more genetic resources 216:237 more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement 216:273 There is a need to assess more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement. 30895624 4 29 theme flours 355:360 arg1 properties 319:328 physicochemical properties 303:328 physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 303:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 1 30 theme batatas 96:102 arg1 Lam 104:106 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 Ipomoea batatas Lam. 88:107 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 1 30 theme batatas 96:102 arg1 Sweetpotato 75:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato 64:85 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 64:108 BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) 30895624 5 31 dep environmental 549:561 arg1 concerns 563:570 concerns 563:570 concerns 563:570 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 0 32 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour 0:61 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour. 30895624 7 33 theme antioxidant 801:811 arg1 higher 851:856 higher 851:856 higher 851:856 The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color-fleshed samples. 30895624 7 33 theme antioxidant 801:811 arg1 activities 813:822 The antioxidant activities 797:822 The antioxidant activities 797:822 The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color-fleshed samples. 30895624 4 34 theme New 373:375 arg1 varieties 397:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties 367:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 367:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 10 35 theme wide 1314:1317 arg1 range 1319:1323 a wide range 1312:1323 a wide range of functionalities 1312:1342 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 9 36 theme mineral 1117:1123 arg1 content 1125:1131 mineral content 1117:1131 mineral content 1117:1131 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 6 37 dep in 707:708 arg1 vitro 710:714 vitro 710:714 vitro 710:714 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 10 38 theme functionalities 1328:1342 arg1 range 1319:1323 a wide range 1312:1323 a wide range of functionalities 1312:1342 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 8 39 theme pasting 935:941 arg1 properties 955:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 8 40 theme amylase 1022:1028 arg1 activity 995:1002 the activity 991:1002 the activity of the endogenous amylase 991:1028 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 5 41 theme healthy 470:476 arg1 formulations 484:495 'healthy' food formulations 469:495 'healthy' food formulations 469:495 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 0 42 theme functional 20:29 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour 0:61 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour. 30895624 8 43 theme texture 947:953 arg1 properties 955:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 the swelling, pasting and texture properties 921:964 Correlation analysis showed that the swelling, pasting and texture properties were largely affected by the activity of the endogenous amylase. 30895624 7 44 theme phenolic 828:835 arg1 contents 837:844 phenolic contents 828:844 phenolic contents 828:844 The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color-fleshed samples. 30895624 6 45 theme water 683:687 arg1 index 700:704 water solubility index 683:704 water solubility index 683:704 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 45 theme water 683:687 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 2 46 with crop 129:132 arg1 significance 158:169 great agricultural significance 139:169 great agricultural significance in many countries 139:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 0 47 theme sweetpotato 45:55 arg1 flour 57:61 sweetpotato flour 45:61 sweetpotato flour 45:61 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour. 30895624 6 48 theme swelling 667:674 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 48 theme swelling 667:674 arg1 power 676:680 swelling power 667:680 swelling power 667:680 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 3 49 theme quality 255:261 arg1 improvement 263:273 sweetpotato quality improvement 243:273 sweetpotato quality improvement 243:273 There is a need to assess more genetic resources for sweetpotato quality improvement. 30895624 2 50 theme many 174:177 arg1 countries 179:187 many countries 174:187 many countries 174:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 5 51 theme food 479:482 arg1 formulations 484:495 'healthy' food formulations 469:495 'healthy' food formulations 469:495 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 9 52 theme Principal 1031:1039 arg1 analysis 1051:1058 Principal component analysis 1031:1058 Principal component analysis 1031:1058 Principal component analysis was done in four aspects including chemical composition, mineral content, antioxidant activities and functional properties to analyze the similarity and difference among these seven sweetpotato varieties. 30895624 10 53 dep CONCLUSION 1265:1274 arg1 showed 1305:1310 showed 1305:1310 showed a wide range of functionalities 1305:1342 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 10 53 dep CONCLUSION 1265:1274 arg1 useful 1356:1361 useful 1356:1361 useful 1356:1361 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 10 53 dep CONCLUSION 1265:1274 arg1 flours 1298:1303 The seven sweetpotato flours 1276:1303 The seven sweetpotato flours 1276:1303 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 10 54 theme sweetpotato 1286:1296 arg1 useful 1356:1361 useful 1356:1361 useful 1356:1361 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 10 54 theme sweetpotato 1286:1296 arg1 flours 1298:1303 The seven sweetpotato flours 1276:1303 The seven sweetpotato flours 1276:1303 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 4 55 theme unpeeled 340:347 arg1 flours 355:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours 333:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 333:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 6 56 theme Great 581:585 arg1 variations 587:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations 573:596 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 57 theme textural 756:763 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 57 theme textural 756:763 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 0 58 theme flour 57:61 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour 0:61 Physicochemical and functional properties of sweetpotato flour. 30895624 4 59 theme root 350:353 arg1 flours 355:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours 333:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 333:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 5 60 theme whole 443:447 arg1 plants 458:463 whole unpeeled plants 443:463 whole unpeeled plants 443:463 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 4 61 theme commercial 412:421 arg1 significance 423:434 commercial significance 412:434 commercial significance 412:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 7 62 theme color-fleshed 865:877 arg1 samples 879:885 the color-fleshed samples 861:885 the color-fleshed samples 861:885 The antioxidant activities and phenolic contents were higher in the color-fleshed samples. 30895624 5 63 theme nutritional 525:535 arg1 effects 537:543 nutritional effects 525:543 nutritional effects 525:543 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 6 64 dep in 634:635 arg1 vitro 637:641 vitro 637:641 vitro 637:641 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 65 theme thermal 731:737 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 65 theme thermal 731:737 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 66 theme pasting 740:746 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 66 theme pasting 740:746 arg1 properties 765:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties 731:774 thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours 731:794 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 67 theme solubility 689:698 arg1 index 700:704 water solubility index 683:704 water solubility index 683:704 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 67 theme solubility 689:698 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 10 68 theme diverse 1387:1393 arg1 products 1427:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 10 69 theme healthy 1400:1406 arg1 products 1427:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products 1387:1434 CONCLUSION The seven sweetpotato flours showed a wide range of functionalities and will be useful for the formulations of diverse and 'healthy' sweetpotato-based products. 30895624 4 70 from properties 319:328 arg1 varieties 397:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties 367:405 seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 367:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 4 71 theme physicochemical 303:317 arg1 properties 319:328 physicochemical properties 303:328 physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 303:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 5 72 theme unpeeled 449:456 arg1 plants 458:463 whole unpeeled plants 443:463 whole unpeeled plants 443:463 Using whole unpeeled plants for 'healthy' food formulations becomes more popular due to nutritional effects and environmental concerns. 30895624 2 73 from significance 158:169 arg1 countries 179:187 many countries 174:187 many countries 174:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 2 74 theme starchy 121:127 arg1 crop 129:132 a major starchy crop 113:132 a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries 113:187 is a major starchy crop with great agricultural significance in many countries. 30895624 4 75 theme whole 333:337 arg1 flours 355:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours 333:360 whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance 333:434 This study aims to analyze physicochemical properties of whole (unpeeled) root flours from seven New Zealand sweetpotato varieties with commercial significance. 30895624 6 76 theme antioxidant 643:653 arg1 activities 655:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 in vitro antioxidant activities 634:664 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 30895624 6 76 theme antioxidant 643:653 arg1 composition 621:631 chemical composition 612:631 chemical composition 612:631 RESULTS Great variations were found in chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant activities, swelling power, water solubility index, in vitro digestibility, thermal, pasting and gel textural properties of the seven flours. 29884378 0 0 theme acerola 87:93 arg1 juices 95:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices 59:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics 59:148 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 6 1 theme 1H 1053:1054 arg1 qNMR 1056:1059 the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset 1049:1077 qNMR 1056:1059 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 0 2 theme prebiotic 77:85 arg1 juices 95:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices 59:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics 59:148 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 4 3 attach present 785:791 arg2 processing 766:775 the non-thermal processing 750:775 the non-thermal processing 750:775 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 4 3 attach present 785:791 arg1 general 741:747 general 741:747 general 741:747 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 4 3 attach present 785:791 arg1 composition 819:829 juices composition 812:829 juices composition 812:829 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 0 4 from Evaluation 0:9 arg1 juices 95:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices 59:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics 59:148 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 1 5 from effects 155:161 arg1 composition 267:277 the composition 263:277 the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 263:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 6 6 theme different 1133:1141 arg1 processing 1143:1152 different processing 1133:1152 different processing 1133:1152 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 1 7 theme processing 249:258 arg1 effects 155:161 The effects 151:161 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 151:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 4 8 theme juices 812:817 arg1 composition 819:829 juices composition 812:829 juices composition 812:829 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 2 9 theme malic 493:497 arg1 acid 499:502 malic acid 493:502 malic acid 493:502 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 5 10 theme processing 919:928 arg1 effect 909:914 the effect 905:914 the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect 905:987 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 6 11 theme chemometric 1023:1033 arg1 evaluation 1035:1044 chemometric evaluation 1023:1044 chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset 1023:1077 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 0 12 theme 1H 108:109 arg1 qNMR 111:114 1H qNMR 108:114 1H qNMR 108:114 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 3 13 from decrease 691:698 arg1 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 13 from decrease 691:698 arg1 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 13 from decrease 691:698 arg1 amount 707:712 the amount 703:712 the amount of esters and alcohols 703:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 6 14 theme acerola 1113:1119 arg1 juice 1121:1125 acerola juice 1113:1125 acerola juice 1113:1125 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 1 15 theme thermal 166:172 arg1 processing 249:258 thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing 166:258 thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing 166:258 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 2 16 theme thermal 461:467 arg1 processing 469:478 thermal processing 461:478 thermal processing 461:478 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 4 17 theme relevant 793:800 arg1 effect 802:807 relevant effect 793:807 relevant effect 793:807 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 5 18 from effect 909:914 arg1 composition 940:950 juices composition 933:950 juices composition 933:950 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 3 19 theme ascorbic 650:657 arg1 acid 659:662 ascorbic acid 650:662 ascorbic acid 650:662 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 20 theme degradation 625:635 arg1 acid 617:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 20 theme degradation 625:635 arg1 product 637:643 a degradation product 623:643 a degradation product from ascorbic acid 623:662 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 2 21 theme C 423:423 arg1 amount 405:410 the amount 401:410 the amount of Vitamin C 401:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 2 21 theme C 423:423 arg1 C 423:423 Vitamin C 415:423 Vitamin C 415:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 3 22 theme other 553:557 arg1 hand 559:562 the other hand 549:562 the other hand 549:562 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 2 23 theme Vitamin 415:421 arg1 C 423:423 Vitamin C 415:423 Vitamin C 415:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 5 24 dep prebiotics 848:857 arg1 gluco-oligosaccharides 871:892 gluco-oligosaccharides 871:892 gluco-oligosaccharides 871:892 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 5 24 dep prebiotics 848:857 arg1 inulin 860:865 inulin 860:865 inulin 860:865 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 5 24 dep prebiotics 848:857 arg1 prebiotics 848:857 prebiotics 848:857 prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) 848:893 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 3 25 theme 2-furoic 608:615 arg1 acid 617:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 25 theme 2-furoic 608:615 arg1 product 637:643 a degradation product 623:643 a degradation product from ascorbic acid 623:662 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 0 26 theme processing 38:47 arg1 effect 49:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 1 27 theme prebiotic 282:290 arg1 juices 318:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 3 28 theme acid 617:620 arg1 amount 598:603 the amount 594:603 the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, 594:663 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 28 theme acid 617:620 arg1 acid 617:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 28 theme acid 617:620 arg1 product 637:643 a degradation product 623:643 a degradation product from ascorbic acid 623:662 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 6 29 from changes 1102:1108 arg1 juice 1121:1125 acerola juice 1113:1125 acerola juice 1113:1125 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 0 30 theme non-thermal 26:36 arg1 effect 49:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 3 31 theme esters 717:722 arg1 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 31 theme esters 717:722 arg1 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 31 theme esters 717:722 arg1 amount 707:712 the amount 703:712 the amount of esters and alcohols 703:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 1 32 dep non-thermal 213:223 arg1 ultrasound 226:235 ultrasound 226:235 ultrasound 226:235 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 1 32 dep non-thermal 213:223 arg1 plasma 241:246 plasma 241:246 plasma 241:246 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 3 33 from acid 659:662 arg1 acid 617:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 2-furoic acid 608:620 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 33 from acid 659:662 arg1 product 637:643 a degradation product 623:643 a degradation product from ascorbic acid 623:662 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 1 34 theme non-prebiotic 296:308 arg1 juices 318:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 4 35 theme non-thermal 754:764 arg1 processing 766:775 the non-thermal processing 750:775 the non-thermal processing 750:775 In general, the non-thermal processing did not present relevant effect on juices composition. 29884378 5 36 theme protective 971:980 arg1 effect 982:987 a protective effect 969:987 a protective effect 969:987 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 5 37 theme prebiotics 848:857 arg1 addition 836:843 The addition 832:843 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) 832:893 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 0 38 theme effect 49:54 arg1 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 0:149 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 1 39 theme acerola 310:316 arg1 juices 318:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 282:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 2 40 theme main 433:436 arg1 feature 438:444 the main feature 429:444 the main feature observed after thermal processing 429:478 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 2 40 theme main 433:436 arg1 increase 389:396 The increase 385:396 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C 385:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 1 41 dep thermal 166:172 arg1 sterilization 194:206 sterilization 194:206 sterilization 194:206 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 1 41 dep thermal 166:172 arg1 pasteurization 175:188 pasteurization 175:188 pasteurization 175:188 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 2 42 from increase 389:396 arg1 amount 405:410 the amount 401:410 the amount of Vitamin C 401:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 2 42 from increase 389:396 arg1 C 423:423 Vitamin C 415:423 Vitamin C 415:423 The increase in the amount of Vitamin C was the main feature observed after thermal processing, followed by malic acid, choline, trigonelline, and acetaldehyde. 29884378 1 43 theme juices 318:323 arg1 composition 267:277 the composition 263:277 the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices 263:323 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 5 44 theme juices 933:938 arg1 composition 940:950 juices composition 933:950 juices composition 933:950 The addition of prebiotics (inulin and gluco-oligosaccharides) decreased the effect of processing on juices composition, which suggested a protective effect by microencapsulation. 29884378 6 45 theme dataset 1071:1077 arg1 evaluation 1035:1044 chemometric evaluation 1023:1044 chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset 1023:1077 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 1 46 theme non-thermal 213:223 arg1 processing 249:258 thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing 166:258 thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing 166:258 The effects of thermal (pasteurization and sterilization) and non-thermal (ultrasound and plasma) processing on the composition of prebiotic and non-prebiotic acerola juices were evaluated using NMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 6 47 theme GC-MS 1065:1069 arg1 dataset 1071:1077 the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset 1049:1077 dataset 1071:1077 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 29884378 3 48 theme thermal 565:571 arg1 processing 573:582 thermal processing 565:582 thermal processing 565:582 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 49 theme alcohols 728:735 arg1 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 alcohols 728:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 49 theme alcohols 728:735 arg1 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 esters 717:722 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 3 49 theme alcohols 728:735 arg1 amount 707:712 the amount 703:712 the amount of esters and alcohols 703:735 On the other hand, thermal processing increased the amount of 2-furoic acid, a degradation product from ascorbic acid, as well as influenced the decrease in the amount of esters and alcohols. 29884378 0 50 theme non-prebiotic 59:71 arg1 juices 95:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices 59:100 non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics 59:148 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 0 51 theme thermal 14:20 arg1 effect 49:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 thermal and non-thermal processing effect 14:54 Evaluation of thermal and non-thermal processing effect on non-prebiotic and prebiotic acerola juices using 1H qNMR and GC-MS coupled to chemometrics. 29884378 6 52 theme qNMR 1056:1059 arg1 evaluation 1035:1044 chemometric evaluation 1023:1044 chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset 1023:1077 Therefore, chemometric evaluation of the 1H qNMR and GC-MS dataset was suitable to follow changes in acerola juice under different processing. 30718790 2 0 theme GCC 593:595 arg1 content 597:603 GCC content 593:603 GCC content 593:603 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 3 1 theme composite 713:721 arg1 films 723:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 2 2 theme different 608:616 arg1 humidity 627:634 different relative humidity 608:634 different relative humidity is also observed 608:651 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 6 3 theme CA-based 1093:1100 arg1 films 1102:1106 the CA-based films 1089:1106 the CA-based films 1089:1106 Moreover, the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm is about 88% when GCC content is higher than 9%. 30718790 0 4 theme films 92:96 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 0 4 theme films 92:96 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 2 5 contain has 352:354 arg2 stability 385:393 stability 385:393 stability 385:393 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 2 5 contain has 352:354 arg1 microgel 343:350 The GCC microgel 335:350 The GCC microgel 335:350 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 2 5 contain has 352:354 arg2 dispersibility 366:379 excellent dispersibility 356:379 excellent dispersibility 356:379 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 6 6 theme films 1102:1106 arg1 transmittance 1072:1084 the light transmittance 1062:1084 the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm 1062:1116 Moreover, the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm is about 88% when GCC content is higher than 9%. 30718790 1 7 theme whisker-like 182:193 arg1 structure 195:203 whisker-like structure 182:203 whisker-like structure 182:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 4 8 theme tensile 880:886 arg1 strength 888:895 their tensile strength 874:895 their tensile strength 874:895 In particular, their tensile strength and Young's modulus increase by 6 and 3.5 times, respectively. 30718790 0 9 theme cellulose 116:124 arg1 microgel 126:133 cellulose microgel 116:133 cellulose microgel 116:133 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 3 10 theme resultant 694:702 arg1 films 723:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 2 11 theme content 597:603 arg1 increase 581:588 an increase 578:588 an increase of GCC content 578:603 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 5 12 theme CA-based 1027:1034 arg1 film 1046:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 These indicators are superior to that of the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film. 30718790 3 13 theme bonds 833:837 arg1 temperature 805:815 the cleavage temperature 792:815 the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds 792:837 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 7 14 theme above 1171:1175 arg1 results 1177:1183 The above results 1167:1183 The above results 1167:1183 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 1 15 with microgel 168:175 arg1 structure 195:203 whisker-like structure 182:203 whisker-like structure 182:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 1 16 theme reinforced 278:287 arg1 films 308:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 2 17 theme excellent 356:364 arg1 dispersibility 366:379 excellent dispersibility 356:379 excellent dispersibility 356:379 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 7 18 theme X-ray 1342:1346 arg1 analysis 1360:1367 X-ray diffraction analysis 1342:1367 X-ray diffraction analysis 1342:1367 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 2 19 theme films 512:516 arg1 decrease 532:539 a decrease 530:539 a decrease in the water vapor permeability 530:571 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 2 19 theme films 512:516 arg1 absorption 484:493 the moisture absorption 471:493 the moisture absorption of the composite films 471:516 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 2 20 theme moisture 475:482 arg1 absorption 484:493 the moisture absorption 471:493 the moisture absorption of the composite films 471:516 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 1 21 theme GCC 163:165 arg1 microgel 168:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel 136:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure 136:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 2 22 from dispersibility 366:379 arg1 water 398:402 water 398:402 water 398:402 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 2 23 from absorption 484:493 arg1 permeability 560:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 6 24 theme light 1066:1070 arg1 transmittance 1072:1084 the light transmittance 1062:1084 the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm 1062:1116 Moreover, the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm is about 88% when GCC content is higher than 9%. 30718790 4 25 theme 3.5 935:937 arg1 times 939:943 6 and 3.5 times 929:943 times 939:943 In particular, their tensile strength and Young's modulus increase by 6 and 3.5 times, respectively. 30718790 1 26 theme CA-based 289:296 arg1 films 308:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 2 27 theme relative 618:625 arg1 humidity 627:634 different relative humidity 608:634 different relative humidity is also observed 608:651 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 6 28 theme GCC 1136:1138 arg1 content 1140:1146 GCC content 1136:1146 GCC content 1136:1146 Moreover, the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm is about 88% when GCC content is higher than 9%. 30718790 1 29 theme composite 298:306 arg1 films 308:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 reinforced CA-based composite films 278:312 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 4 30 theme 6 929:929 arg1 times 939:943 6 and 3.5 times 929:943 times 939:943 In particular, their tensile strength and Young's modulus increase by 6 and 3.5 times, respectively. 30718790 2 31 from stability 385:393 arg1 water 398:402 water 398:402 water 398:402 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 5 32 theme nanoparticle 1005:1016 arg1 film 1046:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 These indicators are superior to that of the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film. 30718790 7 33 theme CA 1268:1269 arg1 matrix 1271:1276 CA matrix 1268:1276 CA matrix 1268:1276 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 2 34 theme vapor 554:558 arg1 permeability 560:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 7 35 dep fourier 1303:1309 arg1 transform 1311:1319 transform 1311:1319 transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis 1311:1367 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 2 36 theme composite 502:510 arg1 films 512:516 the composite films 498:516 the composite films 498:516 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 3 37 theme casein 673:678 arg1 material 680:687 pure casein material 668:687 pure casein material 668:687 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 2 38 theme water 548:552 arg1 permeability 560:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 3 39 theme cross-sectional 761:775 arg1 structure 777:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 7 40 dep transform 1311:1319 arg1 infrared 1321:1328 infrared 1321:1328 transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis 1311:1367 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 0 41 theme homogeneous 36:46 arg1 films 92:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 1 42 theme solution 317:324 arg1 casting 326:332 solution casting 317:332 solution casting 317:332 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 5 43 theme enhanced 1018:1025 arg1 film 1046:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 These indicators are superior to that of the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film. 30718790 0 44 theme casein 61:66 arg1 films 92:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 3 45 theme cleavage 796:803 arg1 temperature 805:815 the cleavage temperature 792:815 the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds 792:837 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 3 46 theme dense 755:759 arg1 structure 777:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 6 47 from 550 nm 1111:1116 arg1 transmittance 1072:1084 the light transmittance 1062:1084 the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm 1062:1116 Moreover, the light transmittance of the CA-based films at 550 nm is about 88% when GCC content is higher than 9%. 30718790 1 48 theme Gelatin-coupled 136:150 arg1 microgel 168:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel 136:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure 136:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 0 49 theme enhanced 52:59 arg1 films 92:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 4 50 theme Young 901:905 arg1 modulus 909:915 Young's modulus 901:915 Young's modulus 901:915 In particular, their tensile strength and Young's modulus increase by 6 and 3.5 times, respectively. 30718790 5 51 theme composite 1036:1044 arg1 film 1046:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film 1001:1049 These indicators are superior to that of the nanoparticle enhanced CA-based composite film. 30718790 1 52 used used 221:224 arg2 microgel 168:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel 136:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure 136:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 1 53 theme cellulose 152:160 arg1 microgel 168:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel 136:175 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure 136:203 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 7 54 theme hydrogen 1219:1226 arg1 bonds 1228:1232 the strong hydrogen bonds 1208:1232 the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix 1208:1276 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 3 55 theme homogeneous 739:749 arg1 structure 777:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure 734:785 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 7 56 theme diffraction 1348:1358 arg1 analysis 1360:1367 X-ray diffraction analysis 1342:1367 X-ray diffraction analysis 1342:1367 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 1 57 theme casein 246:251 arg1 matrix 258:263 casein (CA) matrix 246:263 casein (CA) matrix 246:263 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 3 58 theme pure 668:671 arg1 material 680:687 pure casein material 668:687 pure casein material 668:687 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 2 59 theme GCC 339:341 arg1 microgel 343:350 The GCC microgel 335:350 The GCC microgel 335:350 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 3 60 theme hydrogen 824:831 arg1 bonds 833:837 the hydrogen bonds 820:837 the hydrogen bonds 820:837 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 0 61 theme composite 82:90 arg1 films 92:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 2 62 from decrease 532:539 arg1 permeability 560:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 the water vapor permeability 544:571 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 30718790 7 63 theme strong 1212:1217 arg1 bonds 1228:1232 the strong hydrogen bonds 1208:1232 the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix 1208:1276 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 1 64 theme CA 254:255 arg1 matrix 258:263 casein (CA) matrix 246:263 casein (CA) matrix 246:263 Gelatin-coupled cellulose (GCC) microgel with whisker-like structure is prepared and used to incorporate into casein (CA) matrix to construct reinforced CA-based composite films by solution casting. 30718790 0 65 theme protein-based 68:80 arg1 films 92:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films 36:96 Preparation and characterization of homogeneous and enhanced casein protein-based composite films via incorporating cellulose microgel. 30718790 3 66 theme CA-based 704:711 arg1 films 723:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 the resultant CA-based composite films 690:727 Compared with pure casein material, the resultant CA-based composite films show more homogeneous and dense cross-sectional structure, and the cleavage temperature of the hydrogen bonds increases by 16 °C. 30718790 7 67 theme GCC 1249:1251 arg1 components 1253:1262 GCC components 1249:1262 GCC components 1249:1262 The above results could be attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds formed between GCC components and CA matrix, as further confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. 30718790 2 68 dep humidity 627:634 arg1 observed 644:651 observed 644:651 is also observed 636:651 The GCC microgel has excellent dispersibility and stability in water, which contributes to the hydrophobicity and significantly reduces the moisture absorption of the composite films, as well as a decrease in the water vapor permeability with an increase of GCC content at different relative humidity is also observed. 31549420 10 0 theme specific 1417:1424 arg1 importance 1426:1435 the specific importance 1413:1435 the specific importance of fucosylation 1413:1451 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 7 1 theme low 1008:1010 arg1 levels 1029:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. 31549420 5 2 theme wild-type 777:785 arg1 plants 796:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 4 3 theme polyacrylamide 516:529 arg1 electrophoresis 535:549 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 516:549 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 516:549 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 7 4 theme cell 987:990 arg1 walls 992:996 sfr8 cell walls 982:996 sfr8 cell walls 982:996 sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. 31549420 1 5 theme genes 162:166 arg1 identification 144:157 the identification 140:157 the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance 140:205 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 5 6 theme RGII 734:737 arg1 borate-bridging 715:729 borate-bridging 715:729 borate-bridging of RGII 715:737 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 10 7 theme fucosylation 1440:1451 arg1 importance 1426:1435 the specific importance 1413:1435 the specific importance of fucosylation 1413:1451 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 2 8 theme tolerance 285:293 arg1 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 2 8 theme tolerance 285:293 arg1 gene 295:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 9 9 theme reduced 1200:1206 arg1 dimerization 1213:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive. 31549420 4 10 theme -dependent 592:601 arg1 dimerization 603:614 boron (B)-dependent dimerization 583:614 boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) 583:674 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 5 11 dep treatments 693:702 arg1 promote 707:713 promote 707:713 to promote borate-bridging of RGII 704:737 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 0 12 from tolerance 62:70 arg1 thaliana 87:94 Arabidopsis thaliana 75:94 Arabidopsis thaliana 75:94 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 8 13 theme Freezing 1063:1070 arg1 sensitivity 1072:1082 Freezing sensitivity 1063:1082 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants 1063:1098 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. 31549420 2 14 theme freezing 276:283 arg1 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 2 14 theme freezing 276:283 arg1 gene 295:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 10 15 theme primary 1334:1340 arg1 wall 1347:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 4 16 theme wall 480:483 arg1 composition 485:495 cell wall composition 475:495 cell wall composition 475:495 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 8 17 theme sfr8 1087:1090 arg1 mutants 1092:1098 sfr8 mutants 1087:1098 sfr8 mutants 1087:1098 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. 31549420 5 18 theme leaf 855:858 arg1 discs 860:864 freeze-thawed leaf discs 841:864 freeze-thawed leaf discs 841:864 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 2 19 theme novel 270:274 arg1 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8 301:322 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 2 19 theme novel 270:274 arg1 gene 295:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 a novel freezing tolerance gene 268:298 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 10 20 theme plant 1328:1332 arg1 wall 1347:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 10 21 theme pectin 1508:1513 arg1 ability 1492:1498 the ability 1488:1498 the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize 1488:1525 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 3 22 theme whole-genome 407:418 arg1 sequencing 420:429 whole-genome sequencing 407:429 whole-genome sequencing 407:429 We identified SFR8 using recombination-based mapping and whole-genome sequencing. 31549420 4 23 contain have 457:460 arg2 effect 465:470 an effect 462:470 an effect 462:470 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 23 contain have 457:460 arg1 SFR8 435:438 SFR8 435:438 SFR8 435:438 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 0 24 theme cell-wall 14:22 arg1 fucosylation 24:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation 0:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation 0:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 10 25 theme RGII 1503:1506 arg1 pectin 1508:1513 RGII pectin 1503:1513 RGII pectin 1503:1513 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 5 26 theme freeze-induced 752:765 arg1 damage 767:772 freeze-induced damage 752:772 freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants 752:801 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 1 27 theme Forward 97:103 arg1 screens 113:119 Forward genetic screens 97:119 Forward genetic screens 97:119 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 1 28 theme plant 184:188 arg1 tolerance 197:205 plant stress tolerance 184:205 plant stress tolerance 184:205 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 0 29 theme MUR1-mediated 0:12 arg1 fucosylation 24:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation 0:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation 0:35 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 5 30 from damage 767:772 arg1 plants 796:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 1 31 theme genetic 105:111 arg1 screens 113:119 Forward genetic screens 97:119 Forward genetic screens 97:119 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 1 32 theme stress 190:195 arg1 tolerance 197:205 plant stress tolerance 184:205 plant stress tolerance 184:205 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 3 33 theme recombination-based 375:393 arg1 mapping 395:401 recombination-based mapping 375:401 recombination-based mapping 375:401 We identified SFR8 using recombination-based mapping and whole-genome sequencing. 31549420 4 34 theme cell-wall 562:570 arg1 fucose 572:577 cell-wall fucose 562:577 cell-wall fucose 562:577 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 7 35 theme sfr8 982:985 arg1 walls 992:996 sfr8 cell walls 982:996 sfr8 cell walls 982:996 sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. 31549420 10 36 theme wall 1347:1350 arg1 structure 1295:1303 structure 1295:1303 structure 1295:1303 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 10 36 theme wall 1347:1350 arg1 composition 1309:1319 composition 1309:1319 composition 1309:1319 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 9 37 theme RGII 1208:1211 arg1 dimerization 1213:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive. 31549420 4 38 theme domain 640:645 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan 647:664 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II 619:667 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) 619:674 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 38 theme domain 640:645 arg1 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 7 39 theme fucose 1022:1027 arg1 levels 1029:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. 31549420 6 40 theme sfr8 881:884 arg1 mutation 886:893 the sfr8 mutation 877:893 the sfr8 mutation 877:893 We mapped the sfr8 mutation to MUR1, a gene encoding the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase. 31549420 9 41 theme transport 1177:1185 arg1 mutants 1187:1193 B transport mutants 1175:1193 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization 1175:1224 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive. 31549420 4 42 theme pectic 633:638 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan 647:664 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II 619:667 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) 619:674 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 42 theme pectic 633:638 arg1 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 10 43 theme cell 1342:1345 arg1 wall 1347:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 the plant primary cell wall 1324:1350 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 5 44 theme sfr8 791:794 arg1 plants 796:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 wild-type and sfr8 plants 777:801 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 8 45 theme B 1119:1119 arg1 supplementation 1121:1135 B supplementation 1119:1135 B supplementation 1119:1135 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. 31549420 4 46 theme cell 475:478 arg1 composition 485:495 cell wall composition 475:495 cell wall composition 475:495 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 2 47 theme freezing 227:234 arg1 sensitivity 236:246 freezing sensitivity 227:246 freezing sensitivity 227:246 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 5 48 from discs 860:864 arg1 leakage 828:834 electrolyte leakage 816:834 electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs 816:864 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 4 49 used used 501:504 arg2 we 498:499 we 498:499 we 498:499 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 50 theme gel 531:533 arg1 electrophoresis 535:549 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 516:549 polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 516:549 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 10 51 dep structure 1295:1303 arg1 the 1291:1293 the 1291:1293 the 1291:1293 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 10 52 from effect 1478:1483 arg1 ability 1492:1498 the ability 1488:1498 the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize 1488:1525 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 0 53 gly fucosylation 24:35 arg1 freezing 53:60 freezing tolerance 53:70 freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana 53:94 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 10 54 theme freezing 1379:1386 arg1 tolerance 1388:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 0 55 theme freezing 53:60 arg1 tolerance 62:70 freezing tolerance 53:70 freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana 53:94 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 6 56 theme biosynthetic 931:942 arg1 GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 951:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 We mapped the sfr8 mutation to MUR1, a gene encoding the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase. 31549420 3 57 dep identified 353:362 arg1 SFR8 364:367 SFR8 364:367 identified SFR8 using recombination-based mapping and whole-genome sequencing 353:429 We identified SFR8 using recombination-based mapping and whole-genome sequencing. 31549420 10 58 theme plant 1373:1377 arg1 tolerance 1388:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 1 59 theme key 128:130 arg1 role 132:135 a key role 126:135 a key role 126:135 Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. 31549420 6 60 theme fucose 924:929 arg1 GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 951:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 We mapped the sfr8 mutation to MUR1, a gene encoding the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase. 31549420 9 61 theme B 1175:1175 arg1 mutants 1187:1193 B transport mutants 1175:1193 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization 1175:1224 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive. 31549420 2 62 theme Arabidopsis 328:338 arg1 thaliana 340:347 Arabidopsis thaliana 328:347 Arabidopsis thaliana 328:347 Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 10 63 theme basal 1367:1371 arg1 tolerance 1388:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 basal plant freezing tolerance 1367:1396 Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. 31549420 7 64 theme cell-wall 1012:1020 arg1 levels 1029:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 low cell-wall fucose levels 1008:1034 sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. 31549420 8 65 theme mutants 1092:1098 arg1 sensitivity 1072:1082 Freezing sensitivity 1063:1082 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants 1063:1098 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. 31549420 0 66 theme Arabidopsis 75:85 arg1 thaliana 87:94 Arabidopsis thaliana 75:94 Arabidopsis thaliana 75:94 MUR1-mediated cell-wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. 31549420 4 67 theme rhamnogalacturonan 647:664 arg1 fucose 572:577 cell-wall fucose 562:577 cell-wall fucose 562:577 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 67 theme rhamnogalacturonan 647:664 arg1 dimerization 603:614 boron (B)-dependent dimerization 583:614 boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) 583:674 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 5 68 theme freeze-thawed 841:853 arg1 discs 860:864 freeze-thawed leaf discs 841:864 freeze-thawed leaf discs 841:864 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 31549420 4 69 theme cell-wall 623:631 arg1 rhamnogalacturonan 647:664 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II 619:667 the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) 619:674 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 4 69 theme cell-wall 623:631 arg1 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 RGII 670:673 As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. 31549420 8 70 theme RGII 1156:1159 arg1 dimerization 1161:1172 RGII dimerization 1156:1172 RGII dimerization 1156:1172 Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. 31549420 9 71 with mutants 1187:1193 arg1 dimerization 1213:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 reduced RGII dimerization 1200:1224 B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive. 31549420 6 72 theme enzyme 944:949 arg1 GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 951:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase 920:979 We mapped the sfr8 mutation to MUR1, a gene encoding the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase. 31549420 5 73 theme electrolyte 816:826 arg1 leakage 828:834 electrolyte leakage 816:834 electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs 816:864 After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs. 30841453 8 0 theme albumin 1115:1121 arg1 system 1123:1128 a bovine serum albumin system 1100:1128 a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose 1100:1166 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 6 1 theme liquid 875:880 arg1 chromatography 882:895 liquid chromatography 875:895 liquid chromatography 875:895 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 10 2 theme in 1393:1394 arg1 methods 1414:1420 in vitro and in vivo methods 1393:1420 in vitro and in vivo methods 1393:1420 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 10 3 dep in 1393:1394 arg1 vitro 1396:1400 vitro 1396:1400 vitro 1396:1400 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 15 4 theme significant 2016:2026 arg1 reduction 2028:2036 a significant reduction 2014:2036 a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2014:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 5 5 theme antidiabetic 666:677 arg1 effects 700:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects 634:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models 634:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 6 6 theme flavonols 849:857 arg1 presence 793:800 The presence 789:800 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols 789:857 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 5 7 dep in 760:761 arg1 vivo 763:766 vivo 763:766 vivo 763:766 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 13 8 theme formation 1788:1796 arg1 inhibition 1770:1779 significant inhibition 1758:1779 significant inhibition of AGE formation 1758:1796 Treatment with CRHE caused significant inhibition of AGE formation. 30841453 12 9 theme gallic 1718:1723 arg1 majority 1705:1712 the majority 1701:1712 the majority 1701:1712 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 12 9 theme gallic 1718:1723 arg1 acid 1725:1728 gallic acid 1718:1728 gallic acid 1718:1728 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 18 10 theme AChE 2513:2516 arg1 activity 2518:2525 AChE activity 2513:2525 AChE activity 2513:2525 The results demonstrate that oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE inhibited AChE activity in different brain structures. 30841453 15 11 with treatment 2120:2128 arg1 doses 2141:2145 daily doses 2135:2145 daily doses of 100 mg/kg 2135:2158 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 5 12 theme regium 605:610 arg1 roots 612:616 C. regium roots 602:616 C. regium roots 602:616 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 14 13 theme blood 1885:1889 arg1 levels 1899:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 16 14 theme triglyceride 2297:2308 arg1 levels 2310:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 13 15 theme significant 1758:1768 arg1 inhibition 1770:1779 significant inhibition 1758:1779 significant inhibition of AGE formation 1758:1796 Treatment with CRHE caused significant inhibition of AGE formation. 30841453 7 16 theme colorimetric 1043:1054 arg1 assays 1056:1061 malondialdehyde colorimetric assays 1027:1061 malondialdehyde colorimetric assays 1027:1061 Whereas antioxidant activity was investigated via DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assays. 30841453 9 17 theme normoglycemic 1208:1220 arg1 rats 1229:1232 normoglycemic Wistar rats 1208:1232 normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload 1208:1263 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 15 18 theme daily 2135:2139 arg1 doses 2141:2145 daily doses 2135:2145 daily doses of 100 mg/kg 2135:2158 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 14 19 theme normoglycemic 1841:1853 arg1 animals 1855:1861 normoglycemic animals 1841:1861 normoglycemic animals 1841:1861 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 18 20 theme brain 2540:2544 arg1 structures 2546:2555 different brain structures 2530:2555 different brain structures 2530:2555 The results demonstrate that oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE inhibited AChE activity in different brain structures. 30841453 2 21 theme chronic 223:229 arg1 consequence 187:197 The main physiological consequence 164:197 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus 164:218 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 2 21 theme chronic 223:229 arg1 hyperglycemia 231:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 15 22 theme treatment 2120:2128 arg1 days 2112:2115 7 days 2110:2115 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg 2110:2158 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 6 23 theme array 910:914 arg1 analysis 925:932 photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis 899:932 photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis 899:932 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 3 24 theme radicals 297:304 arg1 formation 279:287 the formation 275:287 the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) 275:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 5 25 theme antioxidant 638:648 arg1 effects 700:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects 634:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models 634:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 2 26 theme mellitus 211:218 arg1 consequence 187:197 The main physiological consequence 164:197 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus 164:218 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 2 26 theme mellitus 211:218 arg1 hyperglycemia 231:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 1 27 theme antiglycation 102:114 arg1 effects 140:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects 71:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats 71:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 4 28 theme regium 415:420 arg1 part 439:442 part 439:442 part of the Bixaceae family 439:465 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 28 theme regium 415:420 arg1 Pilg. 432:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 28 theme regium 415:420 arg1 plant 481:485 a cerrado plant 471:485 a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects 471:525 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 16 29 theme blood 2291:2295 arg1 levels 2310:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 16 30 theme CRHE 2251:2254 arg1 treatment 2256:2264 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment 2241:2264 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment 2241:2264 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 5 31 theme antiglycation 651:663 arg1 effects 700:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects 634:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models 634:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 10 32 from inhibition 1458:1467 arg1 structures 1478:1487 brain structures 1472:1487 brain structures 1472:1487 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 3 33 theme end 335:337 arg1 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 3 33 theme end 335:337 arg1 products 339:346 advanced glycation end products 316:346 advanced glycation end products (AGES) 316:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 4 34 theme Schrank 423:429 arg1 part 439:442 part 439:442 part of the Bixaceae family 439:465 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 34 theme Schrank 423:429 arg1 Pilg. 432:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 34 theme Schrank 423:429 arg1 plant 481:485 a cerrado plant 471:485 a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects 471:525 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 5 35 theme extract 731:737 arg1 effects 700:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects 634:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models 634:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 16 36 theme hyperglycemic 2179:2191 arg1 diet 2193:2196 hyperglycemic diet 2179:2196 hyperglycemic diet 2179:2196 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 3 37 theme advanced 316:323 arg1 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 3 37 theme advanced 316:323 arg1 products 339:346 advanced glycation end products 316:346 advanced glycation end products (AGES) 316:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 5 38 theme in 747:748 arg1 models 781:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 9 39 theme diabetic 1285:1292 arg1 rats 1294:1297 alloxan-induced diabetic rats 1269:1297 alloxan-induced diabetic rats 1269:1297 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 1 40 theme Wistar 151:156 arg1 rats 158:161 Wistar rats 151:161 Wistar rats 151:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 12 41 theme acids 1691:1695 arg1 concentration 1665:1677 a high concentration 1658:1677 a high concentration of phenolic acids 1658:1695 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 4 42 theme cerrado 473:479 arg1 Pilg. 432:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 42 theme cerrado 473:479 arg1 plant 481:485 a cerrado plant 471:485 a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects 471:525 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 0 43 dep Pilg 56:59 arg1 constituents 9:20 Chemical constituents 0:20 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) 0:54 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 30841453 10 44 dep inhibition 1458:1467 arg1 as 1423:1424 as 1423:1424 as 1423:1424 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 10 44 dep inhibition 1458:1467 arg1 was 1426:1428 was 1426:1428 was 1426:1428 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 15 45 theme glucose 2053:2059 arg1 levels 2061:2066 the fasting glucose levels 2041:2066 the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2041:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 17 46 from decrease 2361:2368 arg1 activity 2387:2394 the enzymatic activity 2373:2394 the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2373:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 19 47 theme antidiabetic 2638:2649 arg1 effects 2651:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects 2596:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content 2596:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 3 48 from increase 365:372 arg1 processes 390:398 inflammatory processes 377:398 inflammatory processes 377:398 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 19 49 theme promising 2596:2604 arg1 effects 2651:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects 2596:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content 2596:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 12 50 theme high 1660:1663 arg1 concentration 1665:1677 a high concentration 1658:1677 a high concentration of phenolic acids 1658:1695 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 4 51 theme family 460:465 arg1 part 439:442 part 439:442 part of the Bixaceae family 439:465 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 51 theme family 460:465 arg1 Pilg. 432:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 0 52 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 constituents 9:20 Chemical constituents 0:20 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) 0:54 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 30841453 14 53 theme glucose 1808:1814 arg1 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 14 53 theme glucose 1808:1814 arg1 test 1826:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test 1799:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals 1799:1861 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 5 54 theme study 551:555 arg1 objectives 532:541 The objectives 528:541 The objectives of this study 528:555 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 1 55 theme antioxidant 75:85 arg1 effects 140:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects 71:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats 71:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 17 56 theme significant 2349:2359 arg1 decrease 2361:2368 a statistically significant decrease 2333:2368 a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2333:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 6 57 theme tannins 836:842 arg1 presence 793:800 The presence 789:800 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols 789:857 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 1 58 theme antidiabetic 88:99 arg1 effects 140:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects 71:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats 71:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 0 59 theme regium 39:44 arg1 constituents 9:20 Chemical constituents 0:20 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) 0:54 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 30841453 3 60 theme inflammatory 377:388 arg1 processes 390:398 inflammatory processes 377:398 inflammatory processes 377:398 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 17 61 theme enzymatic 2377:2385 arg1 activity 2387:2394 the enzymatic activity 2373:2394 the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2373:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 8 62 theme AGEs 1078:1081 arg1 Inhibition 1064:1073 Inhibition 1064:1073 Inhibition of AGEs 1064:1081 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 11 63 theme compounds 1568:1576 arg1 concentration 1542:1554 a high concentration 1535:1554 a high concentration of phenolic compounds 1535:1576 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 14 64 theme 100 mg/kg 1927:1935 arg1 CHRE 1937:1940 100 mg/kg CHRE 1927:1940 100 mg/kg CHRE 1927:1940 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 2 65 theme physiological 173:185 arg1 consequence 187:197 The main physiological consequence 164:197 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus 164:218 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 2 65 theme physiological 173:185 arg1 hyperglycemia 231:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 10 66 theme Disaccharidase 1348:1361 arg1 inhibition 1363:1372 Disaccharidase inhibition 1348:1372 Disaccharidase inhibition 1348:1372 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 10 67 dep in 1406:1407 arg1 vivo 1409:1412 vivo 1409:1412 vivo 1409:1412 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 5 68 theme roots 612:616 arg1 compounds 589:597 the constituent compounds 573:597 the constituent compounds of C. regium roots 573:616 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 8 69 theme serum 1109:1113 arg1 albumin 1115:1121 bovine serum albumin 1102:1121 a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose 1100:1166 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 16 70 theme diet 2193:2196 arg1 weeks 2170:2174 14 weeks 2167:2174 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet 2167:2196 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 16 70 theme diet 2193:2196 arg1 four 2208:2211 four 2208:2211 four 2208:2211 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 14 71 theme hepatic 1973:1979 arg1 content 1990:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 4 72 theme Cochlospermum 401:413 arg1 part 439:442 part 439:442 part of the Bixaceae family 439:465 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 72 theme Cochlospermum 401:413 arg1 Pilg. 432:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 401:436 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 4 72 theme Cochlospermum 401:413 arg1 plant 481:485 a cerrado plant 471:485 a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects 471:525 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 17 73 theme maltase 2399:2405 arg1 activity 2387:2394 the enzymatic activity 2373:2394 the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2373:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 13 74 theme AGE 1784:1786 arg1 formation 1788:1796 AGE formation 1784:1796 AGE formation 1784:1796 Treatment with CRHE caused significant inhibition of AGE formation. 30841453 9 75 theme Antidiabetic 1169:1180 arg1 potential 1182:1190 Antidiabetic potential 1169:1190 Antidiabetic potential 1169:1190 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 19 76 theme phenolic 2691:2698 arg1 content 2700:2706 its high phenolic content 2682:2706 its high phenolic content 2682:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 15 77 theme 100 mg/kg 2150:2158 arg1 doses 2141:2145 daily doses 2135:2145 daily doses of 100 mg/kg 2135:2158 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 8 78 theme glycosylating 1136:1148 arg1 agent 1150:1154 agent 1150:1154 agent 1150:1154 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 17 79 theme lactase 2408:2414 arg1 activity 2387:2394 the enzymatic activity 2373:2394 the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2373:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 12 80 contain contained 1648:1656 arg2 concentration 1665:1677 a high concentration 1658:1677 a high concentration of phenolic acids 1658:1695 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 12 80 contain contained 1648:1656 arg1 CRHE 1643:1646 CRHE 1643:1646 CRHE 1643:1646 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 5 81 theme C. 602:603 arg1 roots 612:616 C. regium roots 602:616 C. regium roots 602:616 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 10 82 theme in 1406:1407 arg1 methods 1414:1420 in vitro and in vivo methods 1393:1420 in vitro and in vivo methods 1393:1420 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 14 83 theme glucose 1891:1897 arg1 levels 1899:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 17 84 theme sucrase 2420:2426 arg1 activity 2387:2394 the enzymatic activity 2373:2394 the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase 2373:2426 There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzymatic activity of maltase, lactase and sucrase. 30841453 7 85 theme malondialdehyde 1027:1041 arg1 assays 1056:1061 malondialdehyde colorimetric assays 1027:1061 malondialdehyde colorimetric assays 1027:1061 Whereas antioxidant activity was investigated via DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assays. 30841453 11 86 theme high 1537:1540 arg1 concentration 1542:1554 a high concentration 1535:1554 a high concentration of phenolic compounds 1535:1576 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 5 87 dep in 747:748 arg1 vitro 750:754 vitro 750:754 vitro 750:754 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 14 88 theme tolerance 1816:1824 arg1 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 14 88 theme tolerance 1816:1824 arg1 test 1826:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test 1799:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals 1799:1861 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 9 89 theme Wistar 1222:1227 arg1 rats 1229:1232 normoglycemic Wistar rats 1208:1232 normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload 1208:1263 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 14 90 from reduction 1872:1880 arg1 levels 1899:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 blood glucose levels 1885:1904 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 18 91 theme different 2530:2538 arg1 structures 2546:2555 different brain structures 2530:2555 different brain structures 2530:2555 The results demonstrate that oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE inhibited AChE activity in different brain structures. 30841453 7 92 theme β-carotene/linoleic 997:1015 arg1 acid 1017:1020 β-carotene/linoleic acid 997:1020 β-carotene/linoleic acid 997:1020 Whereas antioxidant activity was investigated via DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assays. 30841453 6 93 theme photodiode 899:908 arg1 array 910:914 photodiode array 899:914 photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis 899:932 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 6 93 theme photodiode 899:908 arg1 LC/PDA 917:922 LC/PDA 917:922 LC/PDA 917:922 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 9 94 theme glucose 1248:1254 arg1 overload 1256:1263 glucose overload 1248:1263 glucose overload 1248:1263 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 3 95 theme free 292:295 arg1 products 339:346 advanced glycation end products 316:346 advanced glycation end products (AGES) 316:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 3 95 theme free 292:295 arg1 radicals 297:304 free radicals 292:304 free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) 292:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 19 96 theme antioxidant 2606:2616 arg1 effects 2651:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects 2596:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content 2596:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 5 97 theme hydromethanolic 715:729 arg1 extract 731:737 its hydromethanolic extract 711:737 its hydromethanolic extract 711:737 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 19 98 theme high 2686:2689 arg1 content 2700:2706 its high phenolic content 2682:2706 its high phenolic content 2682:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 1 99 theme anticholinesterase 121:138 arg1 effects 140:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects 71:146 its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats 71:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 18 100 theme CRHE 2498:2501 arg1 administration 2463:2476 oral administration 2458:2476 oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE 2458:2501 The results demonstrate that oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE inhibited AChE activity in different brain structures. 30841453 11 101 theme hydromethanolic 1494:1508 arg1 CRHE 1519:1522 CRHE 1519:1522 CRHE 1519:1522 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 11 101 theme hydromethanolic 1494:1508 arg1 extract 1510:1516 The hydromethanolic extract 1490:1516 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) 1490:1523 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 9 102 theme alloxan-induced 1269:1283 arg1 rats 1294:1297 alloxan-induced diabetic rats 1269:1297 alloxan-induced diabetic rats 1269:1297 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 7 103 theme antioxidant 943:953 arg1 activity 955:962 antioxidant activity 943:962 antioxidant activity 943:962 Whereas antioxidant activity was investigated via DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assays. 30841453 3 104 theme glycation 325:333 arg1 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 AGES 349:352 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 3 104 theme glycation 325:333 arg1 products 339:346 advanced glycation end products 316:346 advanced glycation end products (AGES) 316:353 This condition is related to the formation of free radicals including advanced glycation end products (AGES) and to an increase in inflammatory processes. 30841453 18 105 theme oral 2458:2461 arg1 administration 2463:2476 oral administration 2458:2476 oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE 2458:2501 The results demonstrate that oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg CRHE inhibited AChE activity in different brain structures. 30841453 5 106 theme anticholinergic 684:698 arg1 effects 700:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects 634:706 the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models 634:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 15 107 theme diabetic 2087:2094 arg1 animals 2096:2102 alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2071:2102 alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2071:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 15 108 theme fasting 2045:2051 arg1 levels 2061:2066 the fasting glucose levels 2041:2066 the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2041:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 12 109 theme phenolic 1682:1689 arg1 acids 1691:1695 phenolic acids 1682:1695 phenolic acids 1682:1695 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 11 110 contain possessed 1525:1533 arg2 concentration 1542:1554 a high concentration 1535:1554 a high concentration of phenolic compounds 1535:1576 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 11 110 contain possessed 1525:1533 arg1 CRHE 1519:1522 CRHE 1519:1522 CRHE 1519:1522 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 11 110 contain possessed 1525:1533 arg1 extract 1510:1516 The hydromethanolic extract 1490:1516 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) 1490:1523 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 4 111 theme Bixaceae 451:458 arg1 family 460:465 the Bixaceae family 447:465 the Bixaceae family 447:465 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 13 112 with Treatment 1731:1739 arg1 CRHE 1746:1749 CRHE 1746:1749 CRHE 1746:1749 Treatment with CRHE caused significant inhibition of AGE formation. 30841453 7 113 dep investigated 968:979 arg1 Whereas 935:941 Whereas 935:941 Whereas 935:941 Whereas antioxidant activity was investigated via DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, and malondialdehyde colorimetric assays. 30841453 14 114 with treatment 1912:1920 arg1 CHRE 1937:1940 100 mg/kg CHRE 1927:1940 100 mg/kg CHRE 1927:1940 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 1 115 from effects 140:146 arg1 rats 158:161 Wistar rats 151:161 Wistar rats 151:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30841453 5 116 theme experimental 768:779 arg1 models 781:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 14 117 from increase 1961:1968 arg1 content 1990:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 14 118 theme glycogen 1981:1988 arg1 content 1990:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 hepatic glycogen content 1973:1996 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 19 119 theme regium 2582:2587 arg1 extract 2568:2574 the extract 2564:2574 the extract of C. regium 2564:2587 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 16 120 from decrease 2279:2286 arg1 levels 2310:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 blood triglyceride levels 2291:2315 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 10 121 theme acetylcholinesterase 1430:1449 arg1 inhibition 1458:1467 acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition 1430:1467 acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures 1430:1487 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 0 122 theme Cochlospermum 25:37 arg1 Schrank 47:53 Schrank 47:53 Schrank 47:53 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 30841453 0 122 theme Cochlospermum 25:37 arg1 regium 39:44 Cochlospermum regium 25:44 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) 25:54 Chemical constituents of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg. 30841453 14 123 theme oral 1803:1806 arg1 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 OGTT 1832:1835 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 14 123 theme oral 1803:1806 arg1 test 1826:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test 1799:1829 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals 1799:1861 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 5 124 theme constituent 577:587 arg1 compounds 589:597 the constituent compounds 573:597 the constituent compounds of C. regium roots 573:616 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 19 125 theme antiglycation 2619:2631 arg1 effects 2651:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects 2596:2657 promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content 2596:2706 Thus, the extract of C. regium showed promising antioxidant, antiglycation, and antidiabetic effects that may be related to its high phenolic content. 30841453 12 126 theme LC-DAD 1614:1619 arg1 results 1621:1627 The LC-DAD results 1610:1627 The LC-DAD results 1610:1627 The LC-DAD results revealed that CRHE contained a high concentration of phenolic acids and the majority was gallic acid. 30841453 10 127 theme brain 1472:1476 arg1 structures 1478:1487 brain structures 1472:1487 brain structures 1472:1487 Disaccharidase inhibition was assessed using in vitro and in vivo methods, as was acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in brain structures. 30841453 2 128 theme main 168:171 arg1 consequence 187:197 The main physiological consequence 164:197 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus 164:218 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 2 128 theme main 168:171 arg1 hyperglycemia 231:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 chronic hyperglycemia 223:243 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 16 129 theme 100 mg/kg 2241:2249 arg1 treatment 2256:2264 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment 2241:2264 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment 2241:2264 After 14 weeks of hyperglycemic diet, the last four or which were combined with 100 mg/kg CRHE treatment, there was a decrease in blood triglyceride levels. 30841453 9 130 theme hyperglycemic 1328:1340 arg1 diet 1342:1345 a hyperglycemic diet 1326:1345 a hyperglycemic diet 1326:1345 Antidiabetic potential was examined in normoglycemic Wistar rats that received glucose overload, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and in rats that received a hyperglycemic diet. 30841453 6 131 theme condensed 826:834 arg1 tannins 836:842 condensed tannins 826:842 condensed tannins 826:842 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 5 132 theme in 760:761 arg1 models 781:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 in vitro and in vivo experimental models 747:786 The objectives of this study were to analyze the constituent compounds of C. regium roots and to evaluate the antioxidant, antiglycation, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic effects of its hydromethanolic extract through in vitro and in vivo experimental models. 30841453 6 133 theme flavonoids 814:823 arg1 presence 793:800 The presence 789:800 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols 789:857 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 15 134 theme animals 2096:2102 arg1 levels 2061:2066 the fasting glucose levels 2041:2066 the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2041:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 4 135 theme anti-inflammatory 501:517 arg1 effects 519:525 its anti-inflammatory effects 497:525 its anti-inflammatory effects 497:525 Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., part of the Bixaceae family, is a cerrado plant known for its anti-inflammatory effects. 30841453 2 136 theme diabetes 202:209 arg1 mellitus 211:218 diabetes mellitus 202:218 diabetes mellitus 202:218 The main physiological consequence of diabetes mellitus is chronic hyperglycemia. 30841453 11 137 theme phenolic 1559:1566 arg1 compounds 1568:1576 phenolic compounds 1559:1576 phenolic compounds 1559:1576 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 6 138 theme phenols 805:811 arg1 presence 793:800 The presence 789:800 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols 789:857 The presence of phenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavonols was analyzed by liquid chromatography - photodiode array (LC/PDA) analysis. 30841453 15 139 theme alloxan-induced 2071:2085 arg1 animals 2096:2102 alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2071:2102 alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2071:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 8 140 gly glycosylating 1136:1148 arg0 agent 1150:1154 agent 1150:1154 agent 1150:1154 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 8 141 theme bovine 1102:1107 arg1 albumin 1115:1121 bovine serum albumin 1102:1121 a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose 1100:1166 Inhibition of AGEs was examined via a bovine serum albumin system whose glycosylating agent was glucose. 30841453 14 142 from test 1826:1829 arg1 animals 1855:1861 normoglycemic animals 1841:1861 normoglycemic animals 1841:1861 The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normoglycemic animals showed a reduction in blood glucose levels after treatment with 100 mg/kg CHRE, accompanied by an increase in hepatic glycogen content. 30841453 15 143 from reduction 2028:2036 arg1 levels 2061:2066 the fasting glucose levels 2041:2066 the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals 2041:2102 There was also a significant reduction in the fasting glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic animals after 7 days of treatment with daily doses of 100 mg/kg. 30841453 11 144 theme antioxidant 1589:1599 arg1 effects 1601:1607 antioxidant effects 1589:1607 antioxidant effects 1589:1607 The hydromethanolic extract (CRHE) possessed a high concentration of phenolic compounds and showed antioxidant effects. 30841453 1 145 from root 62:65 arg1 rats 158:161 Wistar rats 151:161 Wistar rats 151:161 root and its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anticholinesterase effects in Wistar rats. 30594987 4 0 theme acidic 512:517 arg1 solution 527:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 5 1 theme chitosan 675:682 arg1 phase 684:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 8 2 theme intertwined 1040:1050 arg1 matrix 1033:1038 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined 1012:1050 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles 1012:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 1 3 theme worldwide 149:157 arg1 incidence 159:167 the worldwide incidence 145:167 the worldwide incidence of bone disorders 145:185 Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. 30594987 7 4 theme mineralized 963:973 arg1 chitosan 954:961 chitosan mineralized 954:973 chitosan mineralized 954:973 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 4 5 from solution 527:534 arg1 suspensions 457:467 suspensions 457:467 suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution 457:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 5 6 theme aggregates 615:624 arg1 suspension 582:591 a suspension 580:591 a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 580:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 2 7 with hydrogels 206:214 arg1 particles 241:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 8 8 theme polymeric 1023:1031 arg1 matrix 1033:1038 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined 1012:1050 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles 1012:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 3 9 theme 3-D 368:370 arg1 printing 372:379 3-D printing 368:379 3-D printing by robocasting 368:394 A set up for 3-D printing by robocasting was found adequate to fabricate scaffolds. 30594987 4 10 theme particles 490:498 arg1 suspensions 457:467 suspensions 457:467 suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution 457:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 5 11 theme dicalcium 629:637 arg1 dihydrate 649:657 dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 629:657 dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 629:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 2 12 theme mechanical 292:301 arg1 properties 303:312 the bio-physical and mechanical properties 271:312 the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute 271:352 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 8 13 theme crystalline 1064:1074 arg1 particles 1084:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 7 14 theme suspension 917:926 arg1 transformation 871:884 transformation 871:884 transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite 871:986 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 4 15 theme phosphate 480:488 arg1 particles 490:498 calcium phosphate particles 472:498 calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution 472:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 5 16 theme dihydrate 649:657 arg1 aggregates 615:624 dispersed platelet aggregates 596:624 dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 596:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 5 17 theme phosphate 639:647 arg1 dihydrate 649:657 dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 629:657 dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 629:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 7 18 theme physical 933:940 arg1 hydrogel 942:949 physical hydrogel 933:949 physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite 933:986 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 4 19 theme chitosan 503:510 arg1 solution 527:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 2 20 theme bio-physical 275:286 arg1 properties 303:312 the bio-physical and mechanical properties 271:312 the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute 271:352 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 7 21 theme phosphates 906:915 arg1 suspension 917:926 chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension 889:926 chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension 889:926 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 1 22 theme bone 172:175 arg1 disorders 177:185 bone disorders 172:185 bone disorders 172:185 Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. 30594987 5 23 from aggregates 615:624 arg1 phase 684:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 4 24 from particles 490:498 arg1 solution 527:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 2 25 theme potential 328:336 arg1 bone 338:341 a potential bone 326:341 a potential bone substitute 326:352 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 6 26 theme inks 725:728 arg1 properties 707:716 The rheological properties 691:716 The rheological properties of the inks 691:728 The rheological properties of the inks were studied, including their shear-thinning characteristics and yield stress. 30594987 1 27 theme disorders 177:185 arg1 incidence 159:167 the worldwide incidence 145:167 the worldwide incidence of bone disorders 145:185 Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. 30594987 0 28 theme 3-D 0:2 arg1 printing 4:11 3-D printing 0:11 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 0:92 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 5 29 theme continuous 664:673 arg1 phase 684:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 5 30 theme dispersed 596:604 arg1 aggregates 615:624 dispersed platelet aggregates 596:624 dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 596:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 1 31 theme Bone 94:97 arg1 fabrication 110:120 Bone substitute fabrication 94:120 Bone substitute fabrication 94:120 Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. 30594987 0 32 theme chitosan-calcium 16:31 arg1 inks 43:46 chitosan-calcium phosphate inks 16:46 chitosan-calcium phosphate inks 16:46 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 5 33 theme platelet 606:613 arg1 aggregates 615:624 dispersed platelet aggregates 596:624 dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 596:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 7 34 theme basic 835:839 arg1 baths 855:859 basic water/ethanol baths 835:859 basic water/ethanol baths 835:859 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 7 35 theme chitosan-calcium 889:904 arg1 phosphates 906:915 chitosan-calcium phosphates 889:915 chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension 889:926 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 2 36 dep bone 338:341 arg1 substitute 343:352 substitute 343:352 substitute 343:352 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 5 37 from dihydrate 649:657 arg1 phase 684:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 a continuous chitosan phase 662:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 8 38 theme chitosan 1014:1021 arg1 matrix 1033:1038 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined 1012:1050 a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles 1012:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 9 39 theme printable 1211:1219 arg1 inks 1221:1224 more printable inks 1206:1224 more printable inks 1206:1224 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 0 40 theme inks 43:46 arg1 printing 4:11 3-D printing 0:11 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 0:92 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 7 41 theme water/ethanol 841:853 arg1 baths 855:859 basic water/ethanol baths 835:859 basic water/ethanol baths 835:859 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 4 42 from suspensions 457:467 arg1 solution 527:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 6 43 theme rheological 695:705 arg1 properties 707:716 The rheological properties 691:716 The rheological properties of the inks 691:728 The rheological properties of the inks were studied, including their shear-thinning characteristics and yield stress. 30594987 9 44 theme ink 1174:1176 arg1 composition 1178:1188 ink composition 1174:1188 ink composition 1174:1188 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 0 45 theme phosphate 33:41 arg1 inks 43:46 chitosan-calcium phosphate inks 16:46 chitosan-calcium phosphate inks 16:46 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 4 46 theme calcium 472:478 arg1 particles 490:498 calcium phosphate particles 472:498 calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution 472:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 9 47 theme chitosan 1251:1258 arg1 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 9 47 theme chitosan 1251:1258 arg1 concentration 1260:1272 higher chitosan concentration 1244:1272 higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1) 1244:1287 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 8 48 with matrix 1033:1038 arg1 particles 1084:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 2 49 theme apatite 233:239 arg1 particles 241:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 7 50 with hydrogel 942:949 arg1 apatite 980:986 apatite 980:986 apatite 980:986 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 30594987 2 51 theme intertwined 221:231 arg1 particles 241:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 intertwined apatite particles 221:249 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 6 52 theme yield 795:799 arg1 stress 801:806 yield stress 795:806 yield stress 795:806 The rheological properties of the inks were studied, including their shear-thinning characteristics and yield stress. 30594987 9 53 theme ink 1117:1119 arg1 properties 1133:1142 ink rheological properties 1117:1142 ink rheological properties 1117:1142 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 5 54 from phase 684:688 arg1 aggregates 615:624 dispersed platelet aggregates 596:624 dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase 596:688 The inks are shear-thinning and consist of a suspension of dispersed platelet aggregates of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in a continuous chitosan phase. 30594987 8 55 theme apatite 1076:1082 arg1 particles 1084:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 poorly crystalline apatite particles 1057:1092 Scaffolds consisted of a chitosan polymeric matrix intertwined with poorly crystalline apatite particles. 30594987 9 56 theme rheological 1121:1131 arg1 properties 1133:1142 ink rheological properties 1117:1142 ink rheological properties 1117:1142 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 2 57 theme chitosan 197:204 arg1 hydrogels 206:214 Physical chitosan hydrogels 188:214 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles 188:249 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 9 58 theme higher 1244:1249 arg1 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 0.19 mol·L-1 1275:1286 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 9 58 theme higher 1244:1249 arg1 concentration 1260:1272 higher chitosan concentration 1244:1272 higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1) 1244:1287 Results indicate that ink rheological properties could be tuned by controlling ink composition: in particular, more printable inks are obtained with higher chitosan concentration (0.19 mol·L-1). 30594987 2 59 theme Physical 188:195 arg1 hydrogels 206:214 Physical chitosan hydrogels 188:214 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles 188:249 Physical chitosan hydrogels with intertwined apatite particles were chosen to meet the bio-physical and mechanical properties required by a potential bone substitute. 30594987 0 60 dep printing 4:11 arg1 characterization 76:91 characterization 76:91 characterization 76:91 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 0 60 dep printing 4:11 arg1 interactions 59:70 interactions 59:70 interactions 59:70 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 0 60 dep printing 4:11 arg1 rheology 49:56 rheology 49:56 rheology 49:56 3-D printing of chitosan-calcium phosphate inks: rheology, interactions and characterization. 30594987 6 61 theme shear-thinning 760:773 arg1 characteristics 775:789 their shear-thinning characteristics 754:789 their shear-thinning characteristics 754:789 The rheological properties of the inks were studied, including their shear-thinning characteristics and yield stress. 30594987 4 62 theme aqueous 519:525 arg1 solution 527:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 chitosan acidic aqueous solution 503:534 Inks consisted of suspensions of calcium phosphate particles in chitosan acidic aqueous solution. 30594987 1 63 dep fabrication 110:120 arg1 substitute 99:108 substitute 99:108 substitute 99:108 Bone substitute fabrication is of interest to meet the worldwide incidence of bone disorders. 30594987 7 64 theme chitosan 954:961 arg1 hydrogel 942:949 physical hydrogel 933:949 physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite 933:986 Scaffolds were printed in basic water/ethanol baths to induce transformation of chitosan-calcium phosphates suspension into physical hydrogel of chitosan mineralized with apatite. 29799744 3 0 theme early 329:333 arg1 day 355:357 day 42 355:360 day 42 355:360 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 3 0 theme early 329:333 arg1 milk 369:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 0 1 from Quantification 21:34 arg1 Formula 81:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 0 1 from Quantification 21:34 arg1 Milk 65:68 Human Milk 59:68 Human Milk 59:68 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 4 2 theme 0.29 518:521 arg1 ± 516:516 ± 516:516 ± 516:516 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 4 3 theme human 467:471 arg1 milk 473:476 human milk 467:476 human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L 467:525 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 4 4 theme 9.15 483:486 arg1 ± 488:488 ± 488:488 ± 488:488 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 6 5 theme human 782:786 arg1 samples 793:799 the human milk samples 778:799 the human milk samples 778:799 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 8 6 from foods 1107:1111 arg1 determination 1060:1072 the determination 1056:1072 the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1056:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 3 7 theme mature 347:352 arg1 day 355:357 day 42 355:360 day 42 355:360 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 3 7 theme mature 347:352 arg1 milk 369:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 0 8 from Characterization 0:15 arg1 Formula 81:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 0 8 from Characterization 0:15 arg1 Milk 65:68 Human Milk 59:68 Human Milk 59:68 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 7 9 theme human 952:956 arg1 milk 958:961 human milk 952:961 human milk 952:961 The comparisons indicated that composition and abundance of oligosaccharides unique to human milk are not yet reproduced in infant formulas. 29799744 8 10 theme analytical 1010:1019 arg1 workflow 1021:1028 The analytical workflow 1006:1028 The analytical workflow developed 1006:1038 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 8 10 theme analytical 1010:1019 arg1 suitable 1043:1050 suitable 1043:1050 suitable 1043:1050 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 7 11 theme oligosaccharides 925:940 arg1 abundance 912:920 abundance 912:920 abundance 912:920 The comparisons indicated that composition and abundance of oligosaccharides unique to human milk are not yet reproduced in infant formulas. 29799744 7 11 theme oligosaccharides 925:940 arg1 composition 896:906 composition 896:906 composition 896:906 The comparisons indicated that composition and abundance of oligosaccharides unique to human milk are not yet reproduced in infant formulas. 29799744 8 12 from oligosaccharides 1087:1102 arg1 foods 1107:1111 foods 1107:1111 foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1107:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 4 13 theme oligosaccharide 430:444 arg1 content 446:452 The oligosaccharide content 426:452 The oligosaccharide content 426:452 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 7 14 theme unique 942:947 arg1 oligosaccharides 925:940 oligosaccharides 925:940 oligosaccharides unique to human milk 925:961 The comparisons indicated that composition and abundance of oligosaccharides unique to human milk are not yet reproduced in infant formulas. 29799744 3 15 theme different 393:401 arg1 brands 418:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 5 16 theme long-chain 679:688 arg1 fructo-oligosaccharides 690:712 long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides 679:712 long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides 679:712 All formulas resulted to be fortified with galacto-oligosaccharides, with one also fortified with polydextrose and another with long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides. 29799744 3 17 theme infant 403:408 arg1 brands 418:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 8 18 theme carbohydrate 1134:1145 arg1 structures 1147:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 8 19 theme diverse 1126:1132 arg1 structures 1147:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 6 20 theme structures 853:862 arg1 diversity 840:848 less diversity 835:848 less diversity of structures 835:862 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 3 21 theme human 363:367 arg1 day 355:357 day 42 355:360 day 42 355:360 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 3 21 theme human 363:367 arg1 milk 369:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk 329:372 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 6 22 theme oligosaccharide 732:746 arg1 structures 748:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures 715:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures 715:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 3 23 dep early 329:333 arg1 day 336:338 day 3 336:340 day 3 336:340 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 6 24 theme unique 725:730 arg1 structures 748:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures 715:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures 715:757 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 8 25 contain contain 1118:1124 arg2 structures 1147:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 diverse carbohydrate structures 1126:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 8 25 contain contain 1118:1124 arg1 foods 1107:1111 foods 1107:1111 foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1107:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 6 26 dep identified 764:773 arg1 whereas 802:808 whereas 802:808 whereas 802:808 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 3 27 dep composition 276:286 arg1 the 272:274 the 272:274 the 272:274 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 4 28 from day 502:504 arg1 g/L 495:497 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L 483:497 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 483:506 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 4 29 theme 6.38 511:514 arg1 ± 516:516 ± 516:516 ± 516:516 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 2 30 theme molecules 180:188 arg1 analysis 154:161 The analysis 150:161 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples 150:212 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 8 31 theme prebiotic 1077:1085 arg1 oligosaccharides 1087:1102 prebiotic oligosaccharides 1077:1102 prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1077:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 2 32 theme complex 172:178 arg1 molecules 180:188 these complex molecules 166:188 these complex molecules 166:188 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 2 33 theme state-of-the-art 223:238 arg1 techniques 240:249 state-of-the-art techniques 223:249 state-of-the-art techniques 223:249 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 3 34 theme formula 410:416 arg1 brands 418:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 five different infant formula brands 388:423 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 0 35 theme Oligosaccharides 39:54 arg1 Quantification 21:34 Quantification 21:34 Quantification 21:34 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 0 35 theme Oligosaccharides 39:54 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 4 36 theme 0.25 490:493 arg1 ± 488:488 ± 488:488 ± 488:488 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 4 37 from g/L 495:497 arg1 milk 473:476 human milk 467:476 human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L 467:525 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29799744 8 38 from determination 1060:1072 arg1 foods 1107:1111 foods 1107:1111 foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1107:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 7 39 theme infant 989:994 arg1 formulas 996:1003 infant formulas 989:1003 infant formulas 989:1003 The comparisons indicated that composition and abundance of oligosaccharides unique to human milk are not yet reproduced in infant formulas. 29799744 2 40 from analysis 154:161 arg1 samples 206:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 3 41 theme oligosaccharides 309:324 arg1 composition 276:286 composition 276:286 composition 276:286 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 3 41 theme oligosaccharides 309:324 arg1 concentration 292:304 concentration 292:304 concentration 292:304 This study analyzed the composition and concentration of oligosaccharides in early (day 3) and mature (day 42) human milk as well as in five different infant formula brands. 29799744 6 42 theme infant 810:815 arg1 formula 817:823 infant formula 810:823 infant formula 810:823 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 0 43 theme Human 59:63 arg1 Milk 65:68 Human Milk 59:68 Human Milk 59:68 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 8 44 theme oligosaccharides 1087:1102 arg1 determination 1060:1072 the determination 1056:1072 the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures 1056:1156 The analytical workflow developed is suitable for the determination of prebiotic oligosaccharides in foods that contain diverse carbohydrate structures. 29799744 2 45 theme milk 201:204 arg1 samples 206:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 2 46 theme human 194:198 arg1 samples 206:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 (human) milk samples 193:212 The analysis of these complex molecules in (human) milk samples requires state-of-the-art techniques. 29799744 6 47 contain contained 825:833 arg1 formula 817:823 infant formula 810:823 infant formula 810:823 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 6 47 contain contained 825:833 arg2 diversity 840:848 less diversity 835:848 less diversity of structures 835:862 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 0 48 theme Infant 74:79 arg1 Formula 81:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Infant Formula 74:87 Characterization and Quantification of Oligosaccharides in Human Milk and Infant Formula. 29799744 6 49 theme milk 788:791 arg1 samples 793:799 the human milk samples 778:799 the human milk samples 778:799 About 130 unique oligosaccharide structures were identified in the human milk samples, whereas infant formula contained less diversity of structures. 29799744 1 50 theme infants 141:147 arg1 health 131:136 the health 127:136 the health of infants 127:147 Oligosaccharides are known to affect the health of infants. 29799744 4 51 theme lactation 540:548 arg1 day 530:532 day 42 530:535 day 42 of lactation 530:548 The oligosaccharide content decreased in human milk from 9.15 ± 0.25 g/L at day 3 to 6.38 ± 0.29 g/L at day 42 of lactation. 29738869 7 0 theme one-site 822:829 arg1 model 850:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 4 1 theme predicted 527:535 arg1 yield 544:548 a predicted pectin yield 525:548 a predicted pectin yield of 18.8% 525:557 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 6 2 theme physicochemical 739:753 arg1 properties 755:764 its physicochemical properties 735:764 its physicochemical properties 735:764 The pectin obtained from the optimized condition was further analyzed for its physicochemical properties. 29738869 2 3 theme temperature 228:238 arg1 effects 204:210 The effects 200:210 The effects of pressure and temperature 200:238 The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. 29738869 4 4 theme water 437:441 arg1 extraction 443:452 the subcritical water extraction 421:452 the subcritical water extraction (SWE) 421:458 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 4 4 theme water 437:441 arg1 SWE 455:457 SWE 455:457 SWE 455:457 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 7 5 theme good 875:878 arg1 agreement 880:888 good agreement 875:888 good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94) 875:921 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 1 6 theme Low 100:102 arg1 LM 114:115 LM 114:115 LM 114:115 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 29738869 1 6 theme Low 100:102 arg1 methoxyl 104:111 Low methoxyl 100:111 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin 100:123 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 29738869 4 7 theme subcritical 425:435 arg1 extraction 443:452 the subcritical water extraction 421:452 the subcritical water extraction (SWE) 421:458 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 4 7 theme subcritical 425:435 arg1 SWE 455:457 SWE 455:457 SWE 455:457 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 2 8 theme pressure 215:222 arg1 effects 204:210 The effects 200:210 The effects of pressure and temperature 200:238 The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. 29738869 4 9 theme pectin 537:542 arg1 yield 544:548 a predicted pectin yield 525:548 a predicted pectin yield of 18.8% 525:557 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 5 10 theme corresponding 564:576 arg1 yield 591:595 The corresponding experimental yield 560:595 The corresponding experimental yield 560:595 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 5 10 theme corresponding 564:576 arg1 % 605:605 19.6% 601:605 19.6% 601:605 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 0 11 theme Subcritical 0:10 arg1 extraction 18:27 Subcritical water extraction 0:27 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 0:98 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 0 12 theme water 12:16 arg1 extraction 18:27 Subcritical water extraction 0:27 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 0:98 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 4 13 theme extraction 443:452 arg1 Optimization 405:416 Optimization 405:416 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) 405:458 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 5 14 theme experimental 578:589 arg1 yield 591:595 The corresponding experimental yield 560:595 The corresponding experimental yield 560:595 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 5 14 theme experimental 578:589 arg1 % 605:605 19.6% 601:605 19.6% 601:605 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 7 15 theme SWE 787:789 arg1 kinetics 771:778 The kinetics 767:778 The kinetics of the SWE 767:789 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 3 16 theme extraction 336:345 arg1 yield 314:318 Extraction yield 303:318 Extraction yield 303:318 Extraction yield and the rate of extraction were found to be predominantly influenced by temperature. 29738869 3 16 theme extraction 336:345 arg1 rate 328:331 the rate 324:331 the rate of extraction 324:345 Extraction yield and the rate of extraction were found to be predominantly influenced by temperature. 29738869 4 17 theme 120°C 504:508 arg1 condition 491:499 an optimized operating condition 468:499 an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar 468:518 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 1 18 theme pomelo 144:149 arg1 peels 151:155 pomelo peels 144:155 pomelo peels 144:155 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 29738869 0 19 dep pomelo 57:62 arg1 Osbeck 85:90 Osbeck 85:90 Osbeck 85:90 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 0 20 theme methoxyl 36:43 arg1 pectin 45:50 low methoxyl pectin 32:50 low methoxyl pectin 32:50 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 4 21 theme 30bar 514:518 arg1 condition 491:499 an optimized operating condition 468:499 an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar 468:518 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 5 22 with agreement 626:634 arg1 data 655:658 the predicted data 641:658 the predicted data 641:658 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 0 23 theme low 32:34 arg1 pectin 45:50 low methoxyl pectin 32:50 low methoxyl pectin 32:50 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 4 24 theme operating 481:489 arg1 condition 491:499 an optimized operating condition 468:499 an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar 468:518 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 5 25 theme predicted 645:653 arg1 data 655:658 the predicted data 641:658 the predicted data 641:658 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 6 26 theme optimized 690:698 arg1 condition 700:708 the optimized condition 686:708 the optimized condition 686:708 The pectin obtained from the optimized condition was further analyzed for its physicochemical properties. 29738869 1 27 theme subcritical 163:173 arg1 water 175:179 subcritical water 163:179 subcritical water 163:179 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 29738869 4 28 theme optimized 471:479 arg1 condition 491:499 an optimized operating condition 468:499 an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar 468:518 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 0 29 theme pectin 45:50 arg1 extraction 18:27 Subcritical water extraction 0:27 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 0:98 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 3 30 theme Extraction 303:312 arg1 yield 314:318 Extraction yield 303:318 Extraction yield 303:318 Extraction yield and the rate of extraction were found to be predominantly influenced by temperature. 29738869 2 31 theme composite 285:293 arg1 design 295:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. 29738869 7 32 theme experimental 895:906 arg1 R2>0.94 914:920 R2>0.94 914:920 R2>0.94 914:920 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 7 32 theme experimental 895:906 arg1 data 908:911 experimental data 895:911 experimental data (R2>0.94) 895:921 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 2 33 theme central 277:283 arg1 design 295:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. 29738869 5 34 theme close 620:624 arg1 agreement 626:634 close agreement 620:634 close agreement with the predicted data 620:658 The corresponding experimental yield was 19.6%, which is in close agreement with the predicted data. 29738869 2 35 theme face-centred 264:275 arg1 design 295:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 a face-centred central composite design 262:300 The effects of pressure and temperature were analyzed through a face-centred central composite design. 29738869 7 36 theme kinetic 831:837 arg1 model 850:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 1 37 theme methoxyl 104:111 arg1 pectin 118:123 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin 100:123 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin 100:123 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 29738869 7 38 theme desorption 839:848 arg1 model 850:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 the one-site kinetic desorption model 818:854 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 0 39 from peels 93:97 arg1 extraction 18:27 Subcritical water extraction 0:27 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 0:98 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 0 40 theme pomelo 57:62 arg1 peels 93:97 pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels 57:97 pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels 57:97 Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. 29738869 4 41 theme % 557:557 arg1 yield 544:548 a predicted pectin yield 525:548 a predicted pectin yield of 18.8% 525:557 Optimization of the subcritical water extraction (SWE) yielded an optimized operating condition of 120°C and 30bar with a predicted pectin yield of 18.8%. 29738869 7 42 with agreement 880:888 arg1 R2>0.94 914:920 R2>0.94 914:920 R2>0.94 914:920 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 7 42 with agreement 880:888 arg1 data 908:911 experimental data 895:911 experimental data (R2>0.94) 895:921 The kinetics of the SWE was also evaluated whereby the one-site kinetic desorption model was found to be in good agreement with experimental data (R2>0.94). 29738869 1 43 theme dynamic 186:192 arg1 mode 194:197 a dynamic mode 184:197 a dynamic mode 184:197 Low methoxyl (LM) pectin was extracted from pomelo peels using subcritical water in a dynamic mode. 30890402 8 0 theme experimental 1189:1200 arg1 design 1202:1207 an experimental design 1186:1207 an experimental design 1186:1207 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 10 1 contain contains 1685:1692 arg2 Raffinose 1699:1707 0.5% Raffinose 1694:1707 0.5% Raffinose (w/v) 1694:1713 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 1 contain contains 1685:1692 arg2 w/v 1710:1712 w/v 1710:1712 w/v 1710:1712 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 1 contain contains 1685:1692 arg1 media 1674:1678 a media 1672:1678 a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1672:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 1 contain contains 1685:1692 arg2 NaCl 1741:1744 2.5% NaCl 1736:1744 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1736:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 1 contain contains 1685:1692 arg2 peptone 1721:1727 0.5% peptone 1716:1727 0.5% peptone (w/v) 1716:1733 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 1 2 theme composition 183:193 arg1 Optimization 161:172 Optimization 161:172 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth 161:214 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 2 3 from industries 323:332 arg1 waste 303:307 The waste 299:307 The waste from sea food industries 299:332 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 1 4 theme end 286:288 arg1 product 290:296 the desired end product 274:296 the desired end product 274:296 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 5 5 theme metastasis 770:779 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 5 theme metastasis 770:779 arg1 treatment 746:754 treatment 746:754 treatment of cancer and metastasis 746:779 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 5 theme metastasis 770:779 arg1 treatment 782:790 treatment 782:790 treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements 782:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 6 theme various 717:723 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 6 theme various 717:723 arg1 applications 725:736 various applications 717:736 various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 717:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 6 theme various 717:723 arg1 treatment 746:754 treatment 746:754 treatment of cancer and metastasis 746:779 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 6 theme various 717:723 arg1 treatment 782:790 treatment 782:790 treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements 782:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 9 7 theme factors 1502:1508 arg1 contribution 1467:1478 the contribution 1463:1478 the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1463:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 2 8 theme crabs 375:379 arg1 parts 358:362 the non-edible parts 343:362 the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas 343:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 10 9 theme % 1719:1719 arg1 peptone 1721:1727 0.5% peptone 1716:1727 0.5% peptone (w/v) 1716:1733 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 9 theme % 1719:1719 arg1 Raffinose 1699:1707 0.5% Raffinose 1694:1707 0.5% Raffinose (w/v) 1694:1713 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 9 theme % 1719:1719 arg1 w/v 1730:1732 w/v 1730:1732 w/v 1730:1732 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 10 located observed 1660:1667 arg2 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 10 located observed 1660:1667 arg2 production 1626:1635 Highest NAG production 1614:1635 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) 1614:1654 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 10 located observed 1660:1667 arg1 media 1674:1678 a media 1672:1678 a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1672:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 2 11 theme food 318:321 arg1 industries 323:332 sea food industries 314:332 sea food industries 314:332 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 0 12 theme Streptomyces 99:110 arg1 chilikensis 112:122 Streptomyces chilikensis 99:122 Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design 99:158 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 3 13 dep carried 489:495 arg1 out 497:499 out 497:499 out 497:499 Chitin degradation is carried out chemically. 30890402 2 14 theme sea 314:316 arg1 industries 323:332 sea food industries 314:332 sea food industries 314:332 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 9 15 theme end 1556:1558 arg1 product 1560:1566 the desired end product 1544:1566 the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1544:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 9 15 theme end 1556:1558 arg1 NAG 1576:1578 NAG 1576:1578 NAG 1576:1578 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 0 16 theme Taguchi 132:138 arg1 design 153:158 Taguchi experimental design 132:158 Taguchi experimental design 132:158 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 2 17 from areas 460:464 arg1 rich 402:405 rich 402:405 rich 402:405 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 5 18 theme N-acetyl 657:664 arg1 glucosamine 666:676 N-acetyl glucosamine 657:676 N-acetyl glucosamine 657:676 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 8 19 theme chitin 1247:1252 arg1 degradation 1254:1264 chitin degradation 1247:1264 chitin degradation 1247:1264 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 1 20 theme microbial 199:207 arg1 growth 209:214 microbial growth 199:214 microbial growth 199:214 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 9 21 theme responsible 1510:1520 arg1 factors 1502:1508 the most important factors 1483:1508 the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1483:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 6 22 theme chitin 915:920 arg1 waste 922:926 chitin waste 915:926 chitin waste 915:926 Thus, chitin waste can be efficiently degraded biologically using microorganisms to produce such useful products. 30890402 9 23 theme Taguchi 1435:1441 arg1 Design 1443:1448 Taguchi Design 1435:1448 Taguchi Design 1435:1448 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 5 24 theme reactions 806:814 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 24 theme reactions 806:814 arg1 treatment 746:754 treatment 746:754 treatment of cancer and metastasis 746:779 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 24 theme reactions 806:814 arg1 treatment 782:790 treatment 782:790 treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements 782:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 2 25 theme coastal 452:458 arg1 areas 460:464 coastal areas 452:464 coastal areas 452:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 5 26 theme related 682:688 arg1 chitooligosaccahrides 690:710 related chitooligosaccahrides 682:710 related chitooligosaccahrides 682:710 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 7 27 theme Conventional 1023:1034 arg1 factor 1056:1061 One factor 1052:1061 One factor at a time (OFAT) 1052:1078 Conventional methods such as One factor at a time (OFAT) are more time consuming and costly to address the problem. 30890402 7 27 theme Conventional 1023:1034 arg1 methods 1036:1042 Conventional methods 1023:1042 Conventional methods such as One factor at a time (OFAT) 1023:1078 Conventional methods such as One factor at a time (OFAT) are more time consuming and costly to address the problem. 30890402 2 28 theme non-edible 347:356 arg1 parts 358:362 the non-edible parts 343:362 the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas 343:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 9 29 theme important 1492:1500 arg1 factors 1502:1508 the most important factors 1483:1508 the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1483:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 10 30 theme 0.5 1716:1718 arg1 % 1719:1719 % 1719:1719 % 1719:1719 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 7 31 from time 1068:1071 arg1 factor 1056:1061 One factor 1052:1061 One factor at a time (OFAT) 1052:1078 Conventional methods such as One factor at a time (OFAT) are more time consuming and costly to address the problem. 30890402 2 32 theme pollution 439:447 arg1 cause 430:434 the major cause 420:434 the major cause of pollution 420:447 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 10 33 theme 0.5 1694:1696 arg1 % 1697:1697 % 1697:1697 % 1697:1697 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 3 34 theme Chitin 467:472 arg1 degradation 474:484 Chitin degradation 467:484 Chitin degradation 467:484 Chitin degradation is carried out chemically. 30890402 0 35 theme media 16:20 arg1 components 22:31 media components 16:31 media components 16:31 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 0 36 theme experimental 140:151 arg1 design 153:158 Taguchi experimental design 132:158 Taguchi experimental design 132:158 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 2 37 theme major 424:428 arg1 cause 430:434 the major cause 420:434 the major cause of pollution 420:447 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 5 38 theme increased 841:849 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 8 39 theme current 1143:1149 arg1 work 1151:1154 The current work 1139:1154 The current work 1139:1154 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 0 40 from chitin 89:94 arg1 production 41:50 the production 37:50 the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design 37:158 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 8 41 theme various 1307:1313 arg1 chitooligosaccharides 1315:1335 various chitooligosaccharides 1307:1335 various chitooligosaccharides 1307:1335 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 1 42 theme industrial 243:252 arg1 processes 254:262 industrial processes 243:262 industrial processes 243:262 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 5 43 theme plant 851:855 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 44 theme autoimmune 795:804 arg1 reactions 806:814 autoimmune reactions 795:814 autoimmune reactions 795:814 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 0 45 theme components 22:31 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 0:159 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 2 46 from rich 402:405 arg1 chitin 410:415 chitin 410:415 chitin 410:415 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 2 46 from rich 402:405 arg1 areas 460:464 coastal areas 452:464 coastal areas 452:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 10 47 theme Highest 1614:1620 arg1 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 47 theme Highest 1614:1620 arg1 production 1626:1635 Highest NAG production 1614:1635 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) 1614:1654 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 5 48 theme stress 857:862 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 49 theme food 820:823 arg1 supplements 825:835 food supplements 820:835 food supplements 820:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 1 50 from processes 254:262 arg1 crucial 219:225 crucial 219:225 crucial 219:225 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 10 51 theme 2.5 1736:1738 arg1 % 1739:1739 % 1739:1739 % 1739:1739 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 8 52 theme Streptomyces 1271:1282 arg1 chilikensis 1284:1294 a Streptomyces chilikensis 1269:1294 a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides 1269:1335 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 10 53 theme % 1739:1739 arg1 Raffinose 1699:1707 0.5% Raffinose 1694:1707 0.5% Raffinose (w/v) 1694:1713 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 53 theme % 1739:1739 arg1 NaCl 1741:1744 2.5% NaCl 1736:1744 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1736:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 2 54 from chitin 410:415 arg1 rich 402:405 rich 402:405 rich 402:405 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 2 55 theme shrimp 367:372 arg1 parts 358:362 the non-edible parts 343:362 the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas 343:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 6 56 theme useful 1006:1011 arg1 products 1013:1020 such useful products 1001:1020 such useful products 1001:1020 Thus, chitin waste can be efficiently degraded biologically using microorganisms to produce such useful products. 30890402 8 57 theme design 1202:1207 arg1 development 1171:1181 the development 1167:1181 the development of an experimental design 1167:1207 The current work focuses on the development of an experimental design to ascertain parameters optimized for chitin degradation by a Streptomyces chilikensis to produce various chitooligosaccharides. 30890402 9 58 theme desired 1548:1554 arg1 product 1560:1566 the desired end product 1544:1566 the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1544:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 9 58 theme desired 1548:1554 arg1 NAG 1576:1578 NAG 1576:1578 NAG 1576:1578 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 10 59 theme NAG 1622:1624 arg1 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 3741 μM/reaction 1638:1653 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 59 theme NAG 1622:1624 arg1 production 1626:1635 Highest NAG production 1614:1635 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) 1614:1654 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 5 60 theme cancer 759:764 arg1 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 60 theme cancer 759:764 arg1 treatment 746:754 treatment 746:754 treatment of cancer and metastasis 746:779 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 60 theme cancer 759:764 arg1 treatment 782:790 treatment 782:790 treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements 782:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 61 theme heavy 895:899 arg1 metals 901:906 heavy metals 895:906 heavy metals 895:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 1 62 theme media 177:181 arg1 composition 183:193 media composition 177:193 media composition 177:193 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 10 63 from pH 11 1749:1753 arg1 Raffinose 1699:1707 0.5% Raffinose 1694:1707 0.5% Raffinose (w/v) 1694:1713 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 63 from pH 11 1749:1753 arg1 NaCl 1741:1744 2.5% NaCl 1736:1744 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1736:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 4 64 theme monomer 628:634 arg1 N-acetylglucosamine 636:654 the monomer N-acetylglucosamine 624:654 the monomer N-acetylglucosamine 624:654 It can be degraded biologically also, particularly using microorganisms resulting in chitooligosaccahrides and the monomer N-acetylglucosamine. 30890402 1 65 from crucial 219:225 arg1 processes 254:262 industrial processes 243:262 industrial processes 243:262 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 30890402 9 66 theme product 1560:1566 arg1 production 1530:1539 the production 1526:1539 the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides 1526:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 10 67 theme % 1697:1697 arg1 peptone 1721:1727 0.5% peptone 1716:1727 0.5% peptone (w/v) 1716:1733 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 67 theme % 1697:1697 arg1 w/v 1710:1712 w/v 1710:1712 w/v 1710:1712 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 67 theme % 1697:1697 arg1 Raffinose 1699:1707 0.5% Raffinose 1694:1707 0.5% Raffinose (w/v) 1694:1713 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 10 67 theme % 1697:1697 arg1 NaCl 1741:1744 2.5% NaCl 1736:1744 2.5% NaCl at pH 11 1736:1753 Highest NAG production (3741 μM/reaction) was observed in a media that contains 0.5% Raffinose (w/v), 0.5% peptone (w/v), 2.5% NaCl at pH 11. 30890402 9 68 theme other 1584:1588 arg1 chitooligosaccaharides 1590:1611 other chitooligosaccaharides 1584:1611 other chitooligosaccaharides 1584:1611 More than one factor was taken at a time to carry out the experiments and the data were fit into Taguchi Design to determine the contribution of the most important factors responsible for the production of the desired end product that is NAG and other chitooligosaccaharides. 30890402 0 69 theme N-acetylchitooligosaccharide 55:82 arg1 production 41:50 the production 37:50 the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design 37:158 Optimization of media components for the production of N-acetylchitooligosaccharide from chitin by Streptomyces chilikensis through Taguchi experimental design. 30890402 6 70 theme such 1001:1004 arg1 products 1013:1020 such useful products 1001:1020 such useful products 1001:1020 Thus, chitin waste can be efficiently degraded biologically using microorganisms to produce such useful products. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg1 glucosamine 666:676 N-acetyl glucosamine 657:676 N-acetyl glucosamine 657:676 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg1 chitooligosaccahrides 690:710 related chitooligosaccahrides 682:710 related chitooligosaccahrides 682:710 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg2 applications 725:736 various applications 717:736 various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 717:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg2 treatment 782:790 treatment 782:790 treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements 782:835 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg2 tolerance 864:872 increased plant stress tolerance 841:872 increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals 841:906 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 5 71 contain have 712:715 arg2 treatment 746:754 treatment 746:754 treatment of cancer and metastasis 746:779 N-acetyl glucosamine and related chitooligosaccahrides have various applications such as treatment of cancer and metastasis, treatment of autoimmune reactions, as food supplements and increased plant stress tolerance against salinity and heavy metals. 30890402 2 72 theme prawns 385:390 arg1 parts 358:362 the non-edible parts 343:362 the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas 343:464 The waste from sea food industries includes the non-edible parts of shrimp, crabs and prawns which are rich in chitin as the major cause of pollution in coastal areas. 30890402 1 73 theme desired 278:284 arg1 product 290:296 the desired end product 274:296 the desired end product 274:296 Optimization of media composition for microbial growth is crucial particularly in industrial processes to obtain the desired end product. 29673061 3 0 theme tissue 551:556 arg1 composition 481:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 3 0 theme tissue 551:556 arg1 microarchitecture 494:510 microarchitecture 494:510 microarchitecture 494:510 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 3 0 theme tissue 551:556 arg1 properties 526:535 mechanical properties 515:535 mechanical properties 515:535 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 9 1 theme region 1467:1472 arg1 analysis 1448:1455 histological analysis 1435:1455 histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs 1435:1495 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 12 2 theme initial 1874:1880 arg1 step 1882:1885 a successful initial step 1861:1885 a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1861:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 4 3 theme IVDs 659:662 arg1 biochemistry 630:641 biochemistry 630:641 biochemistry 630:641 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 4 3 theme IVDs 659:662 arg1 size 621:624 size 621:624 size 621:624 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 10 4 theme swelling 1646:1653 arg1 pressure 1655:1662 swelling pressure 1646:1662 swelling pressure 1646:1662 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 1 5 theme physical 174:181 arg1 destruction 183:193 the physical destruction 170:193 the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 170:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 6 6 theme nucleic 1179:1185 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 10 7 theme fresh 1695:1699 arg1 IVDs 1720:1723 fresh and decellularized IVDs 1695:1723 fresh and decellularized IVDs 1695:1723 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 6 8 theme bovine 1160:1165 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 1 9 theme nucleus 202:208 arg1 destruction 183:193 the physical destruction 170:193 the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 170:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 4 10 theme human 646:650 arg1 IVDs 659:662 human lumbar IVDs 646:662 human lumbar IVDs 646:662 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 9 11 theme native 1527:1532 arg1 microarchitecture 1553:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 12 12 from use 1957:1959 arg1 engineering 1975:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 10 13 theme decellularized 1705:1718 arg1 IVDs 1720:1723 fresh and decellularized IVDs 1695:1723 fresh and decellularized IVDs 1695:1723 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 4 14 dep size 621:624 arg1 the 617:619 the 617:619 the 617:619 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 9 15 theme collagen 1544:1551 arg1 microarchitecture 1553:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 3 16 theme native 544:549 arg1 tissue 551:556 the native tissue 540:556 the native tissue 540:556 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 1 17 theme multifactor 134:144 arg1 degeneration 116:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 17 theme multifactor 134:144 arg1 process 146:152 a multifactor process 132:152 a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 132:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 6 18 theme whole 1036:1040 arg1 xenografts 1046:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 0 19 theme xenograft 70:78 arg1 scaffold 80:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 6 20 theme resultant 1011:1019 arg1 xenografts 1046:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 5 21 theme tail 910:913 arg1 IVDs 915:918 bovine tail IVDs 903:918 bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 903:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 8 22 theme type 1373:1376 arg1 presence 1352:1359 The presence 1348:1359 The presence of collagen type II 1348:1379 The presence of collagen type II was confirmed via immunohistochemistry. 29673061 5 23 theme freeze-thaw 972:982 arg1 cycles 984:989 freeze-thaw cycles 972:989 freeze-thaw cycles 972:989 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 3 24 theme most 416:419 arg1 approaches 421:430 most approaches 416:430 most approaches 416:430 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 1 25 theme Intervertebral 90:103 arg1 degeneration 116:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 25 theme Intervertebral 90:103 arg1 process 146:152 a multifactor process 132:152 a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 132:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 3 26 theme composite 369:377 arg1 structure 379:387 the entire composite structure 358:387 the entire composite structure of the IVD 358:398 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 5 27 theme detergents 943:952 arg1 combination 928:938 a combination 926:938 a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 926:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 4 28 dep IVD 843:845 arg1 creating 780:787 creating 780:787 creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering 780:831 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 12 29 theme IVD 1964:1966 arg1 engineering 1975:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 5 30 theme ultrasonication 955:969 arg1 combination 928:938 a combination 926:938 a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 926:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 6 31 theme distinct 1066:1073 arg1 AF 1075:1076 distinct AF 1066:1076 distinct AF 1066:1076 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 3 32 theme IVD 396:398 arg1 structure 379:387 the entire composite structure 358:387 the entire composite structure of the IVD 358:398 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 4 33 theme central 563:569 arg1 hypothesis 571:580 Our central hypothesis 559:580 Our central hypothesis 559:580 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 12 34 theme whole 1924:1928 arg1 scaffold 1944:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold 1901:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1901:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 7 35 theme 313.40 ± 50.67 1308:1321 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 1329:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 4 36 theme human 837:841 arg1 IVD 843:845 the human IVD 833:845 the human IVD 833:845 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 0 37 theme intervertebral 50:63 arg1 scaffold 80:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 12 38 theme xenograft 1934:1942 arg1 scaffold 1944:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold 1901:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1901:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 7 39 theme IVDs 1293:1296 arg1 region 1268:1273 the NP region 1261:1273 the NP region of decellularized IVDs 1261:1296 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 10 40 theme compression 1583:1593 arg1 testing 1595:1601 Unconfined compression testing 1572:1601 Unconfined compression testing 1572:1601 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 4 41 theme composite 791:799 arg1 scaffold 801:808 a composite scaffold 789:808 a composite scaffold for tissue engineering 789:831 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 3 42 theme heterogenous 456:467 arg1 composition 481:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 5 43 theme nucleases 996:1004 arg1 combination 928:938 a combination 926:938 a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 926:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 6 44 theme cell 1127:1130 arg1 nuclei 1132:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 45 theme visible 1112:1118 arg1 nuclei 1132:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 3 46 theme mechanical 515:524 arg1 properties 526:535 mechanical properties 515:535 mechanical properties 515:535 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 9 47 theme decellularized 1477:1490 arg1 IVDs 1492:1495 decellularized IVDs 1477:1495 decellularized IVDs 1477:1495 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 9 48 theme histological 1435:1446 arg1 analysis 1448:1455 histological analysis 1435:1455 histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs 1435:1495 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 12 49 theme biomimetic 1903:1912 arg1 scaffold 1944:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold 1901:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1901:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 7 50 theme NP 1265:1266 arg1 region 1268:1273 the NP region 1261:1273 the NP region of decellularized IVDs 1261:1296 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 10 51 theme significant 1619:1629 arg1 differences 1631:1641 no significant differences 1616:1641 no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs 1616:1723 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 12 52 theme successful 1863:1872 arg1 step 1882:1885 a successful initial step 1861:1885 a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1861:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 10 53 theme toe-region 1668:1677 arg1 modulus 1679:1685 toe-region modulus 1668:1685 toe-region modulus 1668:1685 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 11 54 theme linear 1735:1740 arg1 moduli 1749:1754 linear region moduli 1735:1754 linear region moduli 1735:1754 However, linear region moduli, peak stress and equilibrium moduli were all significantly reduced. 29673061 2 55 theme IVD 268:270 arg1 function 272:279 IVD function 268:279 IVD function 268:279 This compromises IVD function and causes significant disability and economic burden. 29673061 9 56 theme AF 1464:1465 arg1 region 1467:1472 the AF region 1460:1472 the AF region of decellularized IVDs 1460:1495 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 4 57 theme donor 591:595 arg1 IVDs 597:600 donor IVDs 591:600 donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs 591:662 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 6 58 theme minimal 1143:1149 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 4 59 theme lumbar 652:657 arg1 IVDs 659:662 human lumbar IVDs 646:662 human lumbar IVDs 646:662 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 11 60 theme peak 1757:1760 arg1 stress 1762:1767 peak stress 1757:1767 peak stress 1757:1767 However, linear region moduli, peak stress and equilibrium moduli were all significantly reduced. 29673061 2 61 theme significant 292:302 arg1 disability 304:313 significant disability 292:313 significant disability 292:313 This compromises IVD function and causes significant disability and economic burden. 29673061 9 62 theme IVDs 1492:1495 arg1 region 1467:1472 the AF region 1460:1472 the AF region of decellularized IVDs 1460:1495 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 13 63 dep © 1988:1988 arg1 Inc. 2014:2017 Inc. 2014:2017 Inc. 2014:2017 © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 29673061 6 64 theme deoxyribose 1167:1177 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 65 theme residual 1151:1158 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 66 dep acid 1187:1190 arg1 DNA 1193:1195 DNA 1193:1195 DNA 1193:1195 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 7 67 contain contained 1298:1306 arg2 glycosaminoglycan 1329:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 7 67 contain contained 1298:1306 arg1 region 1268:1273 the NP region 1261:1273 the NP region of decellularized IVDs 1261:1296 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 14 68 dep Res 2034:2036 arg1 106A:2412-2423 2046:2059 106A:2412-2423 2046:2059 106A:2412-2423 2046:2059 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 29673061 14 68 dep Res 2034:2036 arg1 A 2043:2043 Part A 2038:2043 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 2019:2066 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 29673061 14 68 dep Res 2034:2036 arg1 2018 2062:2065 2018 2062:2065 2018 2062:2065 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 29673061 6 69 dep DNA 1193:1195 arg1 ng/mg 1229:1233 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg 1198:1233 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg 1198:1233 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 9 70 theme angle-ply 1534:1542 arg1 microarchitecture 1553:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1523:1569 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 6 71 contain contained 1099:1107 arg2 nuclei 1132:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 71 contain contained 1099:1107 arg1 AF 1075:1076 distinct AF 1066:1076 distinct AF 1066:1076 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 71 contain contained 1099:1107 arg1 regions 1085:1091 NP regions 1082:1091 NP regions 1082:1091 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 6 71 contain contained 1099:1107 arg1 acid 1187:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid 1143:1190 minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively) 1143:1248 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 9 72 theme microarchitecture 1553:1569 arg1 retention 1510:1518 retention 1510:1518 retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture 1510:1569 Additionally, histological analysis of the AF region of decellularized IVDs demonstrated retention of the native angle-ply collagen microarchitecture. 29673061 6 73 theme IVD 1042:1044 arg1 xenografts 1046:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 0 74 theme scaffold 80:87 arg1 characterization 22:37 characterization 22:37 characterization 22:37 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 0 74 theme scaffold 80:87 arg1 Decellularization 0:16 Decellularization 0:16 Decellularization 0:16 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 6 75 theme decellularized 1021:1034 arg1 xenografts 1046:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts 1007:1055 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 5 76 theme bovine 903:908 arg1 IVDs 915:918 bovine tail IVDs 903:918 bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 903:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 14 77 theme Part 2038:2041 arg1 A 2043:2043 Part A 2038:2043 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 2019:2066 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2412-2423, 2018. 29673061 8 78 theme collagen 1364:1371 arg1 type 1373:1376 collagen type II 1364:1379 collagen type II 1364:1379 The presence of collagen type II was confirmed via immunohistochemistry. 29673061 4 79 theme long-term 762:770 arg1 goal 772:775 the long-term goal 758:775 the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD 758:845 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 5 80 theme cycles 984:989 arg1 combination 928:938 a combination 926:938 a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases 926:1004 Accordingly, we optimized a procedure to decellularize bovine tail IVDs using a combination of detergents, ultrasonication, freeze-thaw cycles, and nucleases. 29673061 1 81 theme disk 105:108 arg1 degeneration 116:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 81 theme disk 105:108 arg1 process 146:152 a multifactor process 132:152 a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 132:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 6 82 theme NP 1082:1083 arg1 regions 1085:1091 NP regions 1082:1091 NP regions 1082:1091 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 12 83 theme tissue 1968:1973 arg1 engineering 1975:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 IVD tissue engineering 1964:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 1 84 theme IVD 111:113 arg1 degeneration 116:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration 90:127 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 84 theme IVD 111:113 arg1 process 146:152 a multifactor process 132:152 a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) 132:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 7 85 theme µg/mg 1323:1327 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 1329:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan 1308:1345 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 3 86 theme entire 362:367 arg1 structure 379:387 the entire composite structure 358:387 the entire composite structure of the IVD 358:398 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 0 87 theme whole 44:48 arg1 scaffold 80:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 11 88 theme equilibrium 1773:1783 arg1 moduli 1785:1790 equilibrium moduli 1773:1790 equilibrium moduli 1773:1790 However, linear region moduli, peak stress and equilibrium moduli were all significantly reduced. 29673061 4 89 theme tissue 814:819 arg1 engineering 821:831 tissue engineering 814:831 tissue engineering 814:831 Our central hypothesis was that donor IVDs which resemble the size and biochemistry of human lumbar IVDs could be successfully decellularized while retaining the tissue's structure and function with the long-term goal of creating a composite scaffold for tissue engineering the human IVD. 29673061 0 90 theme disk 65:68 arg1 scaffold 80:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold 42:87 Decellularization and characterization of a whole intervertebral disk xenograft scaffold. 29673061 10 91 from differences 1631:1641 arg1 pressure 1655:1662 swelling pressure 1646:1662 swelling pressure 1646:1662 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 10 91 from differences 1631:1641 arg1 modulus 1679:1685 toe-region modulus 1668:1685 toe-region modulus 1668:1685 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 12 92 theme acellular 1914:1922 arg1 scaffold 1944:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold 1901:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1901:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 7 93 theme decellularized 1278:1291 arg1 IVDs 1293:1296 decellularized IVDs 1278:1296 decellularized IVDs 1278:1296 Moreover, the NP region of decellularized IVDs contained 313.40 ± 50.67 µg/mg glycosaminoglycan. 29673061 3 94 dep Strategies 336:345 arg1 replace 350:356 replace 350:356 to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD 347:398 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 2 95 theme economic 319:326 arg1 burden 328:333 economic burden 319:333 economic burden 319:333 This compromises IVD function and causes significant disability and economic burden. 29673061 12 96 theme IVD 1930:1932 arg1 scaffold 1944:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold 1901:1951 a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering 1901:1985 Together, this research demonstrates a successful initial step in developing a biomimetic acellular whole IVD xenograft scaffold for use in IVD tissue engineering. 29673061 10 97 theme Unconfined 1572:1581 arg1 testing 1595:1601 Unconfined compression testing 1572:1601 Unconfined compression testing 1572:1601 Unconfined compression testing demonstrated no significant differences in swelling pressure and toe-region modulus between fresh and decellularized IVDs. 29673061 3 98 theme biochemical 469:479 arg1 composition 481:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 the heterogenous biochemical composition 452:491 Strategies to replace the entire composite structure of the IVD are limited and most approaches do not recapitulate the heterogenous biochemical composition, microarchitecture or mechanical properties of the native tissue. 29673061 6 99 theme intact 1120:1125 arg1 nuclei 1132:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 no visible intact cell nuclei 1109:1137 The resultant decellularized whole IVD xenografts retained distinct AF and NP regions which contained no visible intact cell nuclei and minimal residual bovine deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA; 65.98 ± 4.07 and 47.12 ± 13.22 ng/mg, respectively). 29673061 11 100 theme region 1742:1747 arg1 moduli 1749:1754 linear region moduli 1735:1754 linear region moduli 1735:1754 However, linear region moduli, peak stress and equilibrium moduli were all significantly reduced. 29673061 1 101 dep nucleus 202:208 arg1 AF 246:247 AF 246:247 AF 246:247 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 101 dep nucleus 202:208 arg1 NP 220:221 NP 220:221 NP 220:221 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 101 dep nucleus 202:208 arg1 pulposus 210:217 pulposus 210:217 pulposus (NP) 210:222 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 101 dep nucleus 202:208 arg1 fibrosus 236:243 annulus fibrosus 228:243 annulus fibrosus (AF) 228:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 102 theme annulus 228:234 arg1 AF 246:247 AF 246:247 AF 246:247 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 29673061 1 102 theme annulus 228:234 arg1 fibrosus 236:243 annulus fibrosus 228:243 annulus fibrosus (AF) 228:248 Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a multifactor process that results in the physical destruction of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). 30700513 10 0 from communities 1689:1699 arg1 settings 1720:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 6 1 theme spreading 795:803 arg1 initiation 774:783 initiation 774:783 initiation of social spreading 774:803 We show that initiation of social spreading requires close association between the two species of bacteria. 30700513 8 2 theme high 1196:1199 arg1 concentrations 1206:1219 high salt concentrations 1196:1219 high salt concentrations 1196:1219 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 10 3 theme composition 1674:1684 arg1 dynamics 1658:1665 dynamics 1658:1665 dynamics 1658:1665 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 10 3 theme composition 1674:1684 arg1 complexity 1643:1652 the complexity 1639:1652 the complexity 1639:1652 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 11 4 theme community 1785:1793 arg1 members 1795:1801 the community members 1781:1801 the community members 1781:1801 Fewer studies probe the functional interactions of the community members. 30700513 9 5 theme simple 1227:1232 arg1 system 1278:1283 a tractable model system 1260:1283 a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species 1260:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 9 5 theme simple 1227:1232 arg1 consortium 1246:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 10 6 from settings 1720:1727 arg1 composition 1674:1684 the composition 1670:1684 the composition of communities in many ecological settings 1670:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 2 7 from bacteria 335:342 arg1 isolation 347:355 isolation 347:355 isolation 347:355 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria can reveal emergent traits and behaviors that would be overlooked by studying bacteria in isolation. 30700513 17 8 theme human 2560:2564 arg1 microbiome 2570:2579 human gut microbiome 2560:2579 human gut microbiome 2560:2579 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 2 9 theme emergent 268:275 arg1 traits 277:282 emergent traits 268:282 emergent traits 268:282 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria can reveal emergent traits and behaviors that would be overlooked by studying bacteria in isolation. 30700513 6 10 theme bacteria 859:866 arg1 species 848:854 the two species 840:854 the two species of bacteria 840:866 We show that initiation of social spreading requires close association between the two species of bacteria. 30700513 8 11 theme nutritional 999:1009 arg1 environment 1011:1021 The nutritional environment 995:1021 The nutritional environment 995:1021 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 10 12 theme many 1704:1707 arg1 settings 1720:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 10 13 theme communities 1689:1699 arg1 composition 1674:1684 the composition 1670:1684 the composition of communities in many ecological settings 1670:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 9 14 theme model 1272:1276 arg1 system 1278:1283 a tractable model system 1260:1283 a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species 1260:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 9 14 theme model 1272:1276 arg1 consortium 1246:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 17 15 theme final 2591:2595 arg1 goal 2597:2600 the final goal 2587:2600 the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities 2587:2669 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 16 16 theme studies 2245:2251 arg1 types 2236:2240 These types 2230:2240 These types of studies 2230:2251 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 15 17 theme traits 2094:2099 arg1 Observation 2070:2080 Observation 2070:2080 Observation of emergent traits 2070:2099 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 2 18 theme social 226:231 arg1 environment 233:243 the social environment 222:243 the social environment of bacteria 222:255 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria can reveal emergent traits and behaviors that would be overlooked by studying bacteria in isolation. 30700513 10 19 theme broader 1468:1474 arg1 knowledge 1476:1484 the broader knowledge 1464:1484 the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings 1464:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 13 20 theme Pseudomonas 2016:2026 arg1 bacteria 2007:2014 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 20 theme Pseudomonas 2016:2026 arg1 Pf0-1 2040:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 5 21 theme social 686:691 arg1 spreading 693:701 "interspecies social spreading 672:701 "interspecies social spreading 672:701 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 10 22 from wealth 1583:1588 arg1 communities 1614:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 0 23 theme Soil 63:66 arg1 Bacteria 68:75 Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 51:75 Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 51:75 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 9 24 theme interspecies 1336:1347 arg1 interactions 1349:1360 interspecies interactions 1336:1360 interspecies interactions 1336:1360 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 1 25 theme complex 140:146 arg1 communities 148:158 complex communities 140:158 complex communities in which they interact with other organisms 140:202 Bacteria often live in complex communities in which they interact with other organisms. 30700513 10 26 from studies 1593:1599 arg1 communities 1614:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 1 27 from communities 148:158 arg1 live 132:135 live 132:135 live 132:135 Bacteria often live in complex communities in which they interact with other organisms. 30700513 13 28 theme soil 2002:2005 arg1 sp 2061:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 28 theme soil 2002:2005 arg1 bacteria 2007:2014 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 28 theme soil 2002:2005 arg1 Pf0-1 2040:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 5 29 theme mixed 715:719 arg1 colony 721:726 the mixed colony 711:726 the mixed colony 711:726 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 7 30 theme reproducible 938:949 arg1 patterns 969:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns 938:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution 938:992 Both species remain associated throughout the spreading colony, with reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution. 30700513 16 31 theme holistic 2273:2280 arg1 understanding 2282:2294 a more holistic understanding 2266:2294 a more holistic understanding of microbial communities 2266:2319 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 16 32 theme interspecific 2414:2426 arg1 interactions 2428:2439 interspecific interactions 2414:2439 interspecific interactions 2414:2439 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 0 33 theme Surface 99:105 arg1 Motility 107:114 Surface Motility 99:114 Surface Motility 99:114 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 9 34 theme emergent 1387:1394 arg1 properties 1396:1405 emergent properties 1387:1405 emergent properties of interacting species 1387:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 16 35 with composition 2373:2383 arg1 behaviors 2390:2398 behaviors 2390:2398 behaviors determined by interspecific interactions 2390:2439 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 3 36 theme social 381:386 arg1 trait 388:392 a social trait 379:392 a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 379:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 0 37 theme Interspecies 0:11 arg1 Interaction 31:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction 0:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 0:75 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 7 38 theme spreading 915:923 arg1 colony 925:930 the spreading colony 911:930 the spreading colony 911:930 Both species remain associated throughout the spreading colony, with reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution. 30700513 15 39 theme many 2123:2126 arg1 functions 2128:2136 many functions 2123:2136 many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members 2123:2227 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 3 40 theme Pseudomonas 469:479 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 40 theme Pseudomonas 469:479 arg1 Pf0-1 493:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 0 41 theme Spreading 20:28 arg1 Interaction 31:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction 0:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 0:75 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 9 42 theme species 1422:1428 arg1 properties 1396:1405 emergent properties 1387:1405 emergent properties of interacting species 1387:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 8 43 theme high-nutrient 1089:1101 arg1 conditions 1103:1112 high-nutrient conditions 1089:1112 high-nutrient conditions 1089:1112 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 13 44 theme emergent 1949:1956 arg1 trait 1958:1962 an emergent trait 1946:1962 an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1946:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 45 theme soil 455:458 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 45 theme soil 455:458 arg1 Pf0-1 493:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 45 theme soil 455:458 arg1 sp 514:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 15 46 theme members 2221:2227 arg1 knowledge 2194:2202 a priori knowledge 2185:2202 a priori knowledge of the community members 2185:2227 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 17 47 theme plant-root 2533:2542 arg1 microbiome 2544:2553 plant-root microbiome 2533:2553 plant-root microbiome 2533:2553 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 3 48 theme Pedobacter 503:512 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 48 theme Pedobacter 503:512 arg1 sp 514:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 10 49 dep functions 1530:1538 arg1 inhabit.IMPORTANCE 1560:1577 inhabit.IMPORTANCE 1560:1577 inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings 1560:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 8 50 theme low-nutrient 1119:1130 arg1 conditions 1132:1141 low-nutrient conditions 1119:1141 low-nutrient conditions 1119:1141 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 15 51 theme emergent 2085:2092 arg1 traits 2094:2099 emergent traits 2085:2099 emergent traits 2085:2099 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 6 52 theme close 814:818 arg1 association 820:830 close association 814:830 close association between the two species of bacteria 814:866 We show that initiation of social spreading requires close association between the two species of bacteria. 30700513 3 53 dep bacteria 460:467 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 53 dep bacteria 460:467 arg1 Pf0-1 493:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 53 dep bacteria 460:467 arg1 sp 514:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 54 theme two-species 1909:1919 arg1 community 1927:1935 our two-species model community 1905:1935 our two-species model community 1905:1935 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 5 55 theme emergent 640:647 arg1 phenotype 649:657 an emergent phenotype 637:657 an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading 637:701 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 8 56 theme social 1171:1176 arg1 spreading 1178:1186 social spreading 1171:1186 social spreading 1171:1186 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 16 57 theme communities 2309:2319 arg1 understanding 2282:2294 a more holistic understanding 2266:2294 a more holistic understanding of microbial communities 2266:2319 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 13 58 theme Pedobacter 2050:2059 arg1 sp 2061:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 58 theme Pedobacter 2050:2059 arg1 bacteria 2007:2014 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 6 59 theme social 788:793 arg1 spreading 795:803 social spreading 788:803 social spreading 788:803 We show that initiation of social spreading requires close association between the two species of bacteria. 30700513 13 60 dep bacteria 2007:2014 arg1 sp 2061:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 Pedobacter sp 2050:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 60 dep bacteria 2007:2014 arg1 bacteria 2007:2014 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 60 dep bacteria 2007:2014 arg1 Pf0-1 2040:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 11 61 theme members 1795:1801 arg1 interactions 1765:1776 the functional interactions 1750:1776 the functional interactions of the community members 1750:1801 Fewer studies probe the functional interactions of the community members. 30700513 9 62 theme two-species 1234:1244 arg1 system 1278:1283 a tractable model system 1260:1283 a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species 1260:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 9 62 theme two-species 1234:1244 arg1 consortium 1246:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 8 63 theme salt 1201:1204 arg1 concentrations 1206:1219 high salt concentrations 1196:1219 high salt concentrations 1196:1219 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 17 64 theme gut 2566:2568 arg1 microbiome 2570:2579 human gut microbiome 2560:2579 human gut microbiome 2560:2579 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 10 65 theme ecological 1709:1718 arg1 settings 1720:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 10 66 theme bacterial 1493:1501 arg1 interactions 1503:1514 bacterial interactions 1493:1514 bacterial interactions 1493:1514 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 8 67 theme social 1034:1039 arg1 spreading 1041:1049 social spreading 1034:1049 social spreading 1034:1049 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 9 68 theme tractable 1262:1270 arg1 system 1278:1283 a tractable model system 1260:1283 a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species 1260:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 9 68 theme tractable 1262:1270 arg1 consortium 1246:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium 1222:1255 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 5 69 theme monoculture 588:598 arg1 motility 572:579 motility 572:579 motility of the monoculture of either species 572:616 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 1 70 theme other 188:192 arg1 organisms 194:202 other organisms 188:202 other organisms 188:202 Bacteria often live in complex communities in which they interact with other organisms. 30700513 2 71 theme environment 233:243 arg1 Consideration 205:217 Consideration 205:217 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria 205:255 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria can reveal emergent traits and behaviors that would be overlooked by studying bacteria in isolation. 30700513 13 72 theme bacteria 2007:2014 arg1 interaction 1983:1993 the interaction 1979:1993 the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1979:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 5 73 theme interspecies 673:684 arg1 spreading 693:701 "interspecies social spreading 672:701 "interspecies social spreading 672:701 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 9 74 theme mechanistic 1306:1316 arg1 investigations 1318:1331 mechanistic investigations 1306:1331 mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions 1306:1360 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 12 75 theme community 1820:1828 arg1 Function 1804:1811 Function 1804:1811 Function of the community as a whole 1804:1839 Function of the community as a whole may not be fully revealed by characterizing the individuals. 30700513 13 76 theme fluorescens 2028:2038 arg1 bacteria 2007:2014 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 1998:2062 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 13 76 theme fluorescens 2028:2038 arg1 Pf0-1 2040:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 2016:2044 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 2 77 theme bacteria 248:255 arg1 environment 233:243 the social environment 222:243 the social environment of bacteria 222:255 Consideration of the social environment of bacteria can reveal emergent traits and behaviors that would be overlooked by studying bacteria in isolation. 30700513 5 78 theme hard 533:536 arg1 agar 538:541 hard agar 533:541 hard agar 533:541 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 7 79 theme nonhomogenous 955:967 arg1 patterns 969:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns 938:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution 938:992 Both species remain associated throughout the spreading colony, with reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution. 30700513 4 80 theme strain 518:523 arg1 V48 525:527 strain V48 518:527 strain V48. 518:528 strain V48. 30700513 5 81 theme hard 747:750 arg1 surface 752:758 the hard surface 743:758 the hard surface 743:758 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 9 82 theme interactions 1349:1360 arg1 investigations 1318:1331 mechanistic investigations 1306:1331 mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions 1306:1360 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 7 83 theme distribution 981:992 arg1 patterns 969:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns 938:976 reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution 938:992 Both species remain associated throughout the spreading colony, with reproducible and nonhomogenous patterns of distribution. 30700513 10 84 from communities 1614:1624 arg1 wealth 1583:1588 The wealth 1579:1588 The wealth of studies on microbial communities 1579:1624 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 8 85 theme social 1055:1060 arg1 behavior 1062:1069 no social behavior 1052:1069 no social behavior 1052:1069 The nutritional environment influences social spreading: no social behavior is observed under high-nutrient conditions, but low-nutrient conditions are insufficient to promote social spreading without high salt concentrations. 30700513 0 86 theme Motility 107:114 arg1 Emergence 86:94 Emergence 86:94 Emergence of Surface Motility 86:114 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 5 87 theme species 610:616 arg1 monoculture 588:598 the monoculture 584:598 the monoculture of either species 584:616 On hard agar, which is not permissive for motility of the monoculture of either species, coculture reveals an emergent phenotype that we term "interspecies social spreading," where the mixed colony spreads across the hard surface. 30700513 3 88 theme related 447:453 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 88 theme related 447:453 arg1 Pf0-1 493:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 88 theme related 447:453 arg1 sp 514:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Pedobacter sp 503:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 0 89 theme Social 13:18 arg1 Interaction 31:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction 0:41 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 0:75 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 1 90 from live 132:135 arg1 communities 148:158 complex communities 140:158 complex communities in which they interact with other organisms 140:202 Bacteria often live in complex communities in which they interact with other organisms. 30700513 15 91 theme community 2143:2151 arg1 functions 2128:2136 many functions 2123:2136 many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members 2123:2227 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 10 92 theme communities 1543:1553 arg1 functions 1530:1538 the functions 1526:1538 the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings 1526:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 16 93 theme community 2363:2371 arg1 composition 2373:2383 community composition 2363:2383 community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions 2363:2439 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 9 94 theme interacting 1410:1420 arg1 species 1422:1428 interacting species 1410:1428 interacting species 1410:1428 This simple two-species consortium is a tractable model system that will facilitate mechanistic investigations of interspecies interactions and provide insight into emergent properties of interacting species. 30700513 17 95 theme soil 2516:2519 arg1 microbiome 2521:2530 the soil microbiome 2512:2530 the soil microbiome 2512:2530 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 10 96 theme studies 1593:1599 arg1 wealth 1583:1588 The wealth 1579:1588 The wealth of studies on microbial communities 1579:1624 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 3 97 theme fluorescens 481:491 arg1 bacteria 460:467 the distantly related soil bacteria 433:467 the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp 433:515 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 3 97 theme fluorescens 481:491 arg1 Pf0-1 493:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 469:497 Here we characterize a social trait which emerges upon interaction between the distantly related soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 15 98 theme community 2211:2219 arg1 members 2221:2227 the community members 2207:2227 the community members 2207:2227 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 0 99 theme Sessile 55:61 arg1 Bacteria 68:75 Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 51:75 Two Sessile Soil Bacteria 51:75 Interspecies Social Spreading: Interaction between Two Sessile Soil Bacteria Leads to Emergence of Surface Motility. 30700513 15 100 theme priori 2187:2192 arg1 knowledge 2194:2202 a priori knowledge 2185:2202 a priori knowledge of the community members 2185:2227 Observation of emergent traits suggests there may be many functions of a community that are not predicted based on a priori knowledge of the community members. 30700513 17 101 with communities 2491:2501 arg1 goal 2597:2600 the final goal 2587:2600 the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities 2587:2669 These studies increase our ability to understand communities, such as the soil microbiome, plant-root microbiome, and human gut microbiome, with the final goal of being able to manipulate and rationally improve these communities. 30700513 10 102 theme microbial 1604:1612 arg1 communities 1614:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 microbial communities 1604:1624 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 11 103 theme Fewer 1730:1734 arg1 studies 1736:1742 Fewer studies 1730:1742 Fewer studies 1730:1742 Fewer studies probe the functional interactions of the community members. 30700513 10 104 from composition 1674:1684 arg1 settings 1720:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 many ecological settings 1704:1727 These studies will contribute to the broader knowledge of how bacterial interactions influence the functions of communities they inhabit.IMPORTANCE The wealth of studies on microbial communities has revealed the complexity and dynamics of the composition of communities in many ecological settings. 30700513 16 105 theme microbial 2299:2307 arg1 communities 2309:2319 microbial communities 2299:2319 microbial communities 2299:2319 These types of studies will provide a more holistic understanding of microbial communities, allowing us to connect information about community composition with behaviors determined by interspecific interactions. 30700513 13 106 theme model 1921:1925 arg1 community 1927:1935 our two-species model community 1905:1935 our two-species model community 1905:1935 In our two-species model community, we find an emergent trait resulting from the interaction of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 and Pedobacter sp. 30700513 11 107 theme functional 1754:1763 arg1 interactions 1765:1776 the functional interactions 1750:1776 the functional interactions of the community members 1750:1801 Fewer studies probe the functional interactions of the community members. 29366887 6 0 theme electron 1220:1227 arg1 SEM 1241:1243 SEM 1241:1243 SEM 1241:1243 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 0 theme electron 1220:1227 arg1 microscope 1229:1238 scanning electron microscope 1211:1238 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 1211:1244 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 1 1 theme zirconium 311:319 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 330:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin 311:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) 311:357 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 1 theme zirconium 311:319 arg1 CS-GEL 351:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 2 2 theme initial 551:557 arg1 concentration 563:575 initial oil concentration 551:575 initial oil concentration 551:575 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 2 3 theme contact 527:533 arg1 time 535:538 contact time 527:538 contact time 527:538 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 5 4 theme oil/water 957:965 arg1 properties 967:976 the oil/water properties 953:976 the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases 953:1053 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 1 5 theme bio-polymeric 231:243 arg1 composites 245:254 hybrid bio-polymeric composites 224:254 hybrid bio-polymeric composites 224:254 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 4 6 theme hydrophobic 848:858 arg1 interaction 860:870 hydrophobic interaction 848:870 hydrophobic interaction 848:870 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 0 7 from adsorption 10:19 arg1 emulsion 55:62 oil-in-water emulsion 42:62 oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 42:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 4 8 theme bridging 743:750 arg1 material 752:759 a bridging material 741:759 a bridging material 741:759 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 4 8 theme bridging 743:750 arg1 metals 721:726 The metals 717:726 The metals 717:726 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 1 9 theme composites 245:254 arg1 kinds 215:219 the three different kinds 195:219 the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites 195:254 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 5 10 theme water 1042:1046 arg1 phases 1048:1053 water phases 1042:1053 water phases 1042:1053 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 8 11 theme standard 1485:1492 arg1 ΔS° 1503:1505 ΔS° 1503:1505 ΔS° 1503:1505 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 11 theme standard 1485:1492 arg1 entropy 1494:1500 standard entropy 1485:1500 standard entropy (ΔS°) 1485:1506 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 0 12 from emulsion 55:62 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Effective adsorption 0:19 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 0:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 12 from emulsion 55:62 arg1 droplets 28:35 oil droplets 24:35 oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 24:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 13 from mechanism 136:144 arg1 removal 153:159 oil removal 149:159 oil removal 149:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 4 14 theme oil 832:834 arg1 recovery 836:843 the oil recovery 828:843 the oil recovery 828:843 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 1 15 theme Zr 348:349 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 330:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin 311:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) 311:357 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 15 theme Zr 348:349 arg1 CS-GEL 351:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 7 16 theme oil 1372:1374 arg1 process 1387:1393 oil adsorption process 1372:1393 oil adsorption process 1372:1393 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 1 17 theme @ 350:350 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 330:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin 311:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) 311:357 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 17 theme @ 350:350 arg1 CS-GEL 351:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 6 18 theme infrared 1122:1129 arg1 FTIR 1145:1148 FTIR 1145:1148 FTIR 1145:1148 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 18 theme infrared 1122:1129 arg1 spectroscopy 1131:1142 infrared spectroscopy 1122:1142 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 1122:1149 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 7 19 theme adsorption 1376:1385 arg1 process 1387:1393 oil adsorption process 1372:1393 oil adsorption process 1372:1393 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 0 20 dep biopolymers 94:104 arg1 Role 107:110 Role 107:110 Role of metal ions 107:124 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 20 dep biopolymers 94:104 arg1 biopolymers 94:104 biopolymers 94:104 biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal 94:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 20 dep biopolymers 94:104 arg1 mechanism 136:144 their mechanism 130:144 their mechanism in oil removal 130:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 9 21 theme oil 1579:1581 arg1 mechanism 1594:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism 1575:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism 1575:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism was established based on isotherm and thermodynamic models. 29366887 4 22 theme hydrophilic 798:808 arg1 groups 810:815 the hydrophilic groups 794:815 the hydrophilic groups 794:815 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 6 23 theme scanning 1211:1218 arg1 SEM 1241:1243 SEM 1241:1243 SEM 1241:1243 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 23 theme scanning 1211:1218 arg1 microscope 1229:1238 scanning electron microscope 1211:1238 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 1211:1244 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 2 24 theme adsorption 453:462 arg1 efficiency 464:473 The adsorption efficiency 449:473 The adsorption efficiency 449:473 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 6 25 theme X-ray 1152:1156 arg1 XRD 1171:1173 XRD 1171:1173 XRD 1171:1173 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 25 theme X-ray 1152:1156 arg1 diffraction 1158:1168 X-ray diffraction 1152:1168 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 1152:1174 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 8 26 theme free 1438:1441 arg1 ΔG° 1451:1453 ΔG° 1451:1453 ΔG° 1451:1453 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 26 theme free 1438:1441 arg1 energy 1443:1448 standard free energy 1429:1448 standard free energy (ΔG°) 1429:1454 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 0 27 theme Effective 0:8 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Effective adsorption 0:19 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 0:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 28 theme lanthanum 262:270 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 281:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin 262:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL) 262:308 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 28 theme lanthanum 262:270 arg1 CS-GEL 302:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 2 29 theme oil 559:561 arg1 concentration 563:575 initial oil concentration 551:575 initial oil concentration 551:575 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 1 30 theme oil 426:428 arg1 efficiency 437:446 their oil uptake efficiency 420:446 their oil uptake efficiency 420:446 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 6 31 theme thermogravimetric 1177:1193 arg1 TGA 1205:1207 TGA 1205:1207 TGA 1205:1207 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 31 theme thermogravimetric 1177:1193 arg1 analysis 1195:1202 thermogravimetric analysis 1177:1202 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 1177:1208 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 0 32 theme oil 24:26 arg1 droplets 28:35 oil droplets 24:35 oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 24:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 33 theme embedded 272:279 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 281:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin 262:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL) 262:308 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 33 theme embedded 272:279 arg1 CS-GEL 302:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 0 34 theme ions 121:124 arg1 Role 107:110 Role 107:110 Role of metal ions 107:124 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 34 theme ions 121:124 arg1 biopolymers 94:104 biopolymers 94:104 biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal 94:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 0 34 theme ions 121:124 arg1 mechanism 136:144 their mechanism 130:144 their mechanism in oil removal 130:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 35 theme uptake 430:435 arg1 efficiency 437:446 their oil uptake efficiency 420:446 their oil uptake efficiency 420:446 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 9 36 theme thermodynamic 1642:1654 arg1 models 1656:1661 thermodynamic models 1642:1661 thermodynamic models 1642:1661 The oil adsorption mechanism was established based on isotherm and thermodynamic models. 29366887 6 37 theme dispersive 1254:1263 arg1 X-ray 1265:1269 energy dispersive X-ray 1247:1269 energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) 1247:1276 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 37 theme dispersive 1254:1263 arg1 EDAX 1272:1275 EDAX 1272:1275 EDAX 1272:1275 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 3 38 theme La 657:658 arg1 CS-GEL 660:665 La@CS-GEL 657:665 La@CS-GEL 657:665 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 0 39 theme metal 115:119 arg1 ions 121:124 metal ions 115:124 metal ions 115:124 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 3 40 theme oil 598:600 arg1 % 651:651 91, 82 and 45% 638:651 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively 638:714 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 3 40 theme oil 598:600 arg1 capacity 613:620 The oil adsorption capacity 594:620 The oil adsorption capacity 594:620 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 8 41 theme oil 1527:1529 arg1 spontaneous 1546:1556 spontaneous 1546:1556 spontaneous 1546:1556 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 41 theme oil 1527:1529 arg1 adsorption 1531:1540 the oil adsorption 1523:1540 the oil adsorption 1523:1540 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 5 42 from introduction 883:894 arg1 surface 917:923 the surface 913:923 the surface of biopolymers 913:938 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 6 43 theme energy 1247:1252 arg1 X-ray 1265:1269 energy dispersive X-ray 1247:1269 energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) 1247:1276 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 6 43 theme energy 1247:1252 arg1 EDAX 1272:1275 EDAX 1272:1275 EDAX 1272:1275 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 3 44 theme @ 659:659 arg1 CS-GEL 660:665 La@CS-GEL 657:665 La@CS-GEL 657:665 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 2 45 theme optimized 501:509 arg1 parameters 511:520 various optimized parameters 493:520 various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature 493:591 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 3 46 theme adsorption 602:611 arg1 % 651:651 91, 82 and 45% 638:651 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively 638:714 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 3 46 theme adsorption 602:611 arg1 capacity 613:620 The oil adsorption capacity 594:620 The oil adsorption capacity 594:620 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 1 47 theme embedded 321:328 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 330:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin 311:345 zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) 311:357 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 47 theme embedded 321:328 arg1 CS-GEL 351:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Zr@CS-GEL 348:356 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 7 48 theme experimental 1306:1317 arg1 data 1319:1322 The experimental data 1302:1322 The experimental data 1302:1322 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 0 49 theme droplets 28:35 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Effective adsorption 0:19 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 0:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 50 theme La 299:300 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 281:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin 262:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL) 262:308 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 50 theme La 299:300 arg1 CS-GEL 302:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 2 51 theme various 493:499 arg1 parameters 511:520 various optimized parameters 493:520 various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature 493:591 The adsorption efficiency was studied under various optimized parameters like contact time, pH, dose, initial oil concentration and temperature. 29366887 1 52 theme cerium 363:368 arg1 CS-GEL 400:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 52 theme cerium 363:368 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 379:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin 363:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) 363:406 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 53 theme efficiency 437:446 arg1 terms 411:415 terms 411:415 terms of their oil uptake efficiency 411:446 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 4 54 used used 733:736 arg2 metals 721:726 The metals 717:726 The metals 717:726 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 4 54 used used 733:736 arg2 material 752:759 a bridging material 741:759 a bridging material 741:759 The metals were used as a bridging material to connect both CS and GEL using the hydrophilic groups to enhance the oil recovery by hydrophobic interaction. 29366887 5 55 theme biopolymers 928:938 arg1 surface 917:923 the surface 913:923 the surface of biopolymers 913:938 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 1 56 theme @ 301:301 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 281:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin 262:296 lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL) 262:308 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 56 theme @ 301:301 arg1 CS-GEL 302:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 La@CS-GEL 299:307 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 57 theme embedded 370:377 arg1 CS-GEL 400:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 57 theme embedded 370:377 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 379:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin 363:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) 363:406 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 5 58 theme metal 899:903 arg1 ions 905:908 metal ions 899:908 metal ions 899:908 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 0 59 theme oil-in-water 42:53 arg1 emulsion 55:62 oil-in-water emulsion 42:62 oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions 42:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 3 60 theme Zr 668:669 arg1 CS-GEL 671:676 Zr@CS-GEL 668:676 Zr@CS-GEL 668:676 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 7 61 theme Langmuir 1334:1341 arg1 isotherm 1343:1350 Langmuir isotherm 1334:1350 Langmuir isotherm 1334:1350 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 7 61 theme Langmuir 1334:1341 arg1 fit 1364:1366 the best fit 1355:1366 the best fit for oil adsorption process 1355:1393 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 5 62 theme ions 905:908 arg1 introduction 883:894 the introduction 879:894 the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers 879:938 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 5 63 theme interfacial 1006:1016 arg1 tension 1018:1024 the interfacial tension 1002:1024 the interfacial tension between oil and water phases 1002:1053 Also, the introduction of metal ions on the surface of biopolymers would modify the oil/water properties which in turn, decrease the interfacial tension between oil and water phases. 29366887 8 64 theme standard 1429:1436 arg1 ΔG° 1451:1453 ΔG° 1451:1453 ΔG° 1451:1453 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 64 theme standard 1429:1436 arg1 energy 1443:1448 standard free energy 1429:1448 standard free energy (ΔG°) 1429:1454 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 6 65 theme uptake 1077:1082 arg1 mechanism 1060:1068 The mechanism 1056:1068 The mechanism of oil uptake 1056:1082 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 3 66 theme @ 670:670 arg1 CS-GEL 671:676 Zr@CS-GEL 668:676 Zr@CS-GEL 668:676 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 0 67 from Role 107:110 arg1 removal 153:159 oil removal 149:159 oil removal 149:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 6 68 theme oil 1073:1075 arg1 uptake 1077:1082 oil uptake 1073:1082 oil uptake 1073:1082 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 7 69 theme best 1359:1362 arg1 isotherm 1343:1350 Langmuir isotherm 1334:1350 Langmuir isotherm 1334:1350 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 7 69 theme best 1359:1362 arg1 fit 1364:1366 the best fit 1355:1366 the best fit for oil adsorption process 1355:1393 The experimental data confirmed Langmuir isotherm as the best fit for oil adsorption process. 29366887 8 70 theme standard 1457:1464 arg1 ΔH° 1476:1478 ΔH° 1476:1478 ΔH° 1476:1478 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 70 theme standard 1457:1464 arg1 enthalpy 1466:1473 standard enthalpy 1457:1473 standard enthalpy (ΔH°) 1457:1479 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 1 71 theme different 205:213 arg1 kinds 215:219 the three different kinds 195:219 the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites 195:254 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 0 72 theme oil 149:151 arg1 removal 153:159 oil removal 149:159 oil removal 149:159 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 73 theme Ce 397:398 arg1 CS-GEL 400:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 73 theme Ce 397:398 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 379:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin 363:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) 363:406 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 9 74 theme adsorption 1583:1592 arg1 mechanism 1594:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism 1575:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism 1575:1602 The oil adsorption mechanism was established based on isotherm and thermodynamic models. 29366887 8 75 theme Thermodynamic 1396:1408 arg1 energy 1443:1448 standard free energy 1429:1448 standard free energy (ΔG°) 1429:1454 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 75 theme Thermodynamic 1396:1408 arg1 parameters 1410:1419 Thermodynamic parameters 1396:1419 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) 1396:1506 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 75 theme Thermodynamic 1396:1408 arg1 enthalpy 1466:1473 standard enthalpy 1457:1473 standard enthalpy (ΔH°) 1457:1479 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 8 75 theme Thermodynamic 1396:1408 arg1 entropy 1494:1500 standard entropy 1485:1500 standard entropy (ΔS°) 1485:1506 Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) indicated that the oil adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29366887 0 76 theme metal 70:74 arg1 ions 76:79 metal ions 70:79 metal ions 70:79 Effective adsorption of oil droplets from oil-in-water emulsion using metal ions encapsulated biopolymers: Role of metal ions and their mechanism in oil removal. 29366887 1 77 theme @ 399:399 arg1 CS-GEL 400:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Ce@CS-GEL 397:405 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 1 77 theme @ 399:399 arg1 chitosan/gelatin 379:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin 363:394 cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) 363:406 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 29366887 3 78 theme Ce 682:683 arg1 composites 692:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 6 79 dep Fourier 1104:1110 arg1 transform 1112:1120 transform 1112:1120 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion 1112:1299 The mechanism of oil uptake was explained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and heat of combustion. 29366887 3 80 theme @ 684:684 arg1 composites 692:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 3 81 theme CS-GEL 685:690 arg1 composites 692:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 Ce@CS-GEL composites 682:701 The oil adsorption capacity was found to be 91, 82 and 45% for La@CS-GEL, Zr@CS-GEL and Ce@CS-GEL composites respectively. 29366887 1 82 theme hybrid 224:229 arg1 composites 245:254 hybrid bio-polymeric composites 224:254 hybrid bio-polymeric composites 224:254 Herein, synthesized and compared the three different kinds of hybrid bio-polymeric composites viz., lanthanum embedded chitosan/gelatin (La@CS-GEL), zirconium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Zr@CS-GEL) and cerium embedded chitosan/gelatin (Ce@CS-GEL) in terms of their oil uptake efficiency. 30969135 8 0 theme food 1107:1110 arg1 sources 1112:1118 some valuable low GI food sources 1086:1118 some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics 1086:1132 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 8 1 theme Expected 1003:1010 arg1 index 1021:1025 Expected glycemic index 1003:1025 Expected glycemic index of millets 1003:1036 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 2 2 theme functional 347:356 arg1 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 2 2 theme functional 347:356 arg1 ingredients 363:373 potential functional food ingredients 337:373 potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility 337:439 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 9 3 with millets 1173:1179 arg1 profile 1208:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 9 3 with millets 1173:1179 arg1 property 1234:1241 hypoglycaemic property 1220:1241 hypoglycaemic property 1220:1241 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 8 4 theme GI 1104:1105 arg1 sources 1112:1118 some valuable low GI food sources 1086:1118 some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics 1086:1132 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 6 5 theme free 896:899 arg1 acids 920:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 Millets were also found to be rich in free and bound phenolic acids. 30969135 2 6 theme potential 337:345 arg1 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 2 6 theme potential 337:345 arg1 ingredients 363:373 potential functional food ingredients 337:373 potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility 337:439 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 1 7 theme nutritional 238:248 arg1 properties 268:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties 234:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets 234:288 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 9 8 theme superior 1190:1197 arg1 profile 1208:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 4 9 theme Chemical 527:534 arg1 composition 536:546 Chemical composition 527:546 Chemical composition 527:546 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 9 10 theme obtained 1139:1146 arg1 results 1148:1154 The obtained results 1135:1154 The obtained results 1135:1154 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 5 11 theme major 794:798 arg1 acids 818:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids 790:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types 790:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 11 theme major 794:798 arg1 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 11 theme major 794:798 arg1 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 8 12 theme glycemic 1012:1019 arg1 index 1021:1025 Expected glycemic index 1003:1025 Expected glycemic index of millets 1003:1036 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 1 13 theme hypoglycaemic 254:266 arg1 properties 268:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties 234:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets 234:288 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 6 14 from rich 888:891 arg1 acids 920:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 Millets were also found to be rich in free and bound phenolic acids. 30969135 8 15 theme millets 1030:1036 arg1 index 1021:1025 Expected glycemic index 1003:1025 Expected glycemic index of millets 1003:1036 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 3 16 theme diverse 472:478 arg1 structures 480:489 diverse structures 472:489 diverse structures 472:489 Seven millet types exhibiting diverse structures and compositions were investigated. 30969135 2 17 theme nutrient 390:397 arg1 profile 399:405 their nutrient profile 384:405 their nutrient profile 384:405 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 4 18 theme excellent 604:612 arg1 millets 592:598 millets 592:598 millets 592:598 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 18 theme excellent 604:612 arg1 minerals 661:668 minerals 661:668 minerals 661:668 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 18 theme excellent 604:612 arg1 sources 614:620 excellent sources 604:620 excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre 604:647 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 18 theme excellent 604:612 arg1 lipids 650:655 lipids 650:655 lipids 650:655 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 9 19 theme functional 1283:1292 arg1 industry 1299:1306 the functional food industry 1279:1306 the functional food industry 1279:1306 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 5 20 theme fatty 812:816 arg1 acids 818:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids 790:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types 790:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 20 theme fatty 812:816 arg1 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 20 theme fatty 812:816 arg1 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 9 21 theme food 1294:1297 arg1 industry 1299:1306 the functional food industry 1279:1306 the functional food industry 1279:1306 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 7 22 theme Kodo 927:930 arg1 millet 932:937 Kodo millet 927:937 Kodo millet 927:937 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 9 23 theme promising 1254:1262 arg1 ingredient 1264:1273 a promising ingredient 1252:1273 a promising ingredient for the functional food industry 1252:1306 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 9 23 theme promising 1254:1262 arg1 millets 1173:1179 millets 1173:1179 millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property 1173:1241 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 4 24 theme millet 579:584 arg1 type 586:589 the millet type 575:589 the millet type 575:589 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 1 25 from sources 109:115 arg1 agronomy 127:134 future agronomy 120:134 future agronomy 120:134 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 1 26 theme harsh 174:178 arg1 conditions 189:198 harsh climatic conditions 174:198 harsh climatic conditions 174:198 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 0 27 theme types 28:32 arg1 Characterisation 0:15 Characterisation 0:15 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 0:75 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 30969135 5 28 located detected 824:831 arg2 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 28 located detected 824:831 arg2 acids 818:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids 790:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types 790:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 28 located detected 824:831 arg1 types 851:855 all the millet types 836:855 all the millet types 836:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 28 located detected 824:831 arg2 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 1 29 theme sustainable 92:102 arg1 sources 109:115 sustainable food sources 92:115 sustainable food sources 92:115 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 1 30 theme climatic 180:187 arg1 conditions 189:198 harsh climatic conditions 174:198 harsh climatic conditions 174:198 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 2 31 theme starch 420:425 arg1 digestibility 427:439 in vitro starch digestibility 411:439 in vitro starch digestibility 411:439 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 1 32 theme millets 282:288 arg1 properties 268:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties 234:277 the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets 234:288 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 1 33 theme food 104:107 arg1 sources 109:115 sustainable food sources 92:115 sustainable food sources 92:115 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 2 34 theme in 411:412 arg1 digestibility 427:439 in vitro starch digestibility 411:439 in vitro starch digestibility 411:439 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 0 35 theme millets 37:43 arg1 types 28:32 several types 20:32 several types of millets as functional food ingredients 20:74 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 30969135 5 36 theme millet 844:849 arg1 types 851:855 all the millet types 836:855 all the millet types 836:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 3 37 theme millet 448:453 arg1 types 455:459 Seven millet types 442:459 Seven millet types exhibiting diverse structures and compositions 442:506 Seven millet types exhibiting diverse structures and compositions were investigated. 30969135 0 38 theme several 20:26 arg1 types 28:32 several types 20:32 several types of millets as functional food ingredients 20:74 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 30969135 9 39 theme nutrient 1199:1206 arg1 profile 1208:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 its superior nutrient profile 1186:1214 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 7 40 theme phenolic 984:991 arg1 contents 993:1000 free and bound phenolic contents 969:1000 the highest free and bound phenolic contents 957:1000 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 0 41 theme functional 48:57 arg1 ingredients 64:74 functional food ingredients 48:74 functional food ingredients 48:74 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 30969135 6 42 from acids 920:924 arg1 rich 888:891 rich 888:891 rich 888:891 Millets were also found to be rich in free and bound phenolic acids. 30969135 7 43 contain have 952:955 arg2 contents 993:1000 free and bound phenolic contents 969:1000 the highest free and bound phenolic contents 957:1000 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 7 43 contain have 952:955 arg1 millet 932:937 Kodo millet 927:937 Kodo millet 927:937 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 5 44 theme unsaturated 800:810 arg1 acids 818:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids 790:822 the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types 790:855 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 44 theme unsaturated 800:810 arg1 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 oleic 779:783 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 5 44 theme unsaturated 800:810 arg1 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic 766:773 Linoleic and oleic were the major unsaturated fatty acids detected in all the millet types. 30969135 2 45 dep in 411:412 arg1 vitro 414:418 vitro 414:418 vitro 414:418 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 6 46 theme phenolic 911:918 arg1 acids 920:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 Millets were also found to be rich in free and bound phenolic acids. 30969135 4 47 contain had 688:690 arg2 values 692:697 values 692:697 values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g 692:724 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 47 contain had 688:690 arg2 % 736:736 11.5-31.7% 727:736 11.5-31.7% 727:736 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 47 contain had 688:690 arg1 components 677:686 these components 671:686 these components 671:686 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 47 contain had 688:690 arg2 % 749:749 2.1-8.0% 742:749 2.1-8.0% 742:749 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 7 48 theme bound 978:982 arg1 contents 993:1000 free and bound phenolic contents 969:1000 the highest free and bound phenolic contents 957:1000 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 1 49 theme future 120:125 arg1 agronomy 127:134 future agronomy 120:134 future agronomy 120:134 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 1 50 theme limited 209:215 arg1 studies 217:223 limited studies 209:223 limited studies 209:223 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 7 51 theme highest 961:967 arg1 contents 993:1000 free and bound phenolic contents 969:1000 the highest free and bound phenolic contents 957:1000 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 8 52 theme valuable 1091:1098 arg1 sources 1112:1118 some valuable low GI food sources 1086:1118 some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics 1086:1132 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 8 53 theme low 1100:1102 arg1 sources 1112:1118 some valuable low GI food sources 1086:1118 some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics 1086:1132 Expected glycemic index of millets ranged between 42.7 and 58.3, hence making them some valuable low GI food sources for diabetics. 30969135 7 54 theme free 969:972 arg1 contents 993:1000 free and bound phenolic contents 969:1000 the highest free and bound phenolic contents 957:1000 Kodo millet was found to have the highest free and bound phenolic contents. 30969135 9 55 theme hypoglycaemic 1220:1232 arg1 property 1234:1241 hypoglycaemic property 1220:1241 hypoglycaemic property 1220:1241 The obtained results may suggest that millets with its superior nutrient profile and hypoglycaemic property could be a promising ingredient for the functional food industry. 30969135 4 56 theme fibre 643:647 arg1 millets 592:598 millets 592:598 millets 592:598 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 56 theme fibre 643:647 arg1 minerals 661:668 minerals 661:668 minerals 661:668 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 56 theme fibre 643:647 arg1 sources 614:620 excellent sources 604:620 excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre 604:647 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 4 56 theme fibre 643:647 arg1 lipids 650:655 lipids 650:655 lipids 650:655 Chemical composition revealed that depending on the millet type, millets are excellent sources of insoluble dietary fibre, lipids and minerals, these components had values ranging from 9.3-56.7 mg/g, 11.5-31.7% and 2.1-8.0%, respectively. 30969135 0 57 theme food 59:62 arg1 ingredients 64:74 functional food ingredients 48:74 functional food ingredients 48:74 Characterisation of several types of millets as functional food ingredients. 30969135 6 58 theme bound 905:909 arg1 acids 920:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 free and bound phenolic acids 896:924 Millets were also found to be rich in free and bound phenolic acids. 30969135 1 59 dep conditions 189:198 arg1 exist 225:229 exist 225:229 exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets 225:288 Millets can be sustainable food sources in future agronomy because of its ability to flourish in harsh climatic conditions, however limited studies exist on the nutritional and hypoglycaemic properties of millets. 30969135 2 60 theme food 358:361 arg1 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 millets 326:332 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 30969135 2 60 theme food 358:361 arg1 ingredients 363:373 potential functional food ingredients 337:373 potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility 337:439 This study is intended to identify millets as potential functional food ingredients based on their nutrient profile and in vitro starch digestibility. 31295525 8 0 dep In 1029:1030 arg1 vitro 1032:1036 vitro 1032:1036 vitro 1032:1036 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 9 1 theme anti-bacterial 1259:1272 arg1 test 1274:1277 An anti-bacterial test 1256:1277 An anti-bacterial test 1256:1277 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 31295525 10 2 theme CIP 1448:1450 arg1 intercalation 1452:1464 CIP intercalation 1448:1464 CIP intercalation 1448:1464 These results demonstrated that the CMCNF prepared with CIP intercalation in MMT was highly effective in prolonging the antibiotic release. 31295525 1 3 from use 195:197 arg1 delivery 207:214 drug delivery 202:214 drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties 202:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 1 4 theme promising 172:180 arg1 Montmorillonite 138:152 Montmorillonite 138:152 Montmorillonite (MMT) 138:158 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 1 4 theme promising 172:180 arg1 material 182:189 a highly promising material 163:189 a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties 163:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 7 5 theme CIP-MMT 1010:1016 arg1 composite 1018:1026 the CIP-MMT composite 1006:1026 the CIP-MMT composite 1006:1026 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 0 6 theme sustained 103:111 arg1 delivery 113:120 sustained delivery 103:120 sustained delivery of antibiotics 103:135 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose fabricated ciprofloxacine - Montmorillonite composite for sustained delivery of antibiotics. 31295525 2 7 theme drug 358:361 arg1 release 363:369 drug release 358:369 drug release from MMT 358:378 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 1 8 theme controlled 258:267 arg1 properties 282:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 0 9 theme antibiotics 125:135 arg1 delivery 113:120 sustained delivery 103:120 sustained delivery of antibiotics 103:135 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose fabricated ciprofloxacine - Montmorillonite composite for sustained delivery of antibiotics. 31295525 5 10 theme simple 666:671 arg1 reaction 684:691 A simple adsorption reaction 664:691 A simple adsorption reaction 664:691 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 3 11 theme sustained 536:544 arg1 properties 554:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 This study sought to synthesize an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties. 31295525 1 12 theme drug 269:272 arg1 properties 282:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 8 13 theme CIP 1137:1139 arg1 release 1126:1132 the sustained release 1112:1132 the sustained release of CIP 1112:1139 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 3 14 with material 517:524 arg1 properties 554:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 This study sought to synthesize an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties. 31295525 8 15 theme composite 1084:1092 arg1 material 1094:1101 the CIP-MMT composite material 1072:1101 the CIP-MMT composite material 1072:1101 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 3 16 theme release 546:552 arg1 properties 554:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 more sustained release properties 531:563 This study sought to synthesize an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties. 31295525 1 17 theme release 274:280 arg1 properties 282:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 controlled drug release properties 258:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 8 18 theme In 1029:1030 arg1 experiments 1046:1056 In vitro release experiments 1029:1056 In vitro release experiments 1029:1056 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 4 19 theme carboxymethylated 623:639 arg1 CMCNF 656:660 CMCNF 656:660 CMCNF 656:660 A ciprofloxacin (CIP)-MMT composite was fabricated using carboxymethylated nanocellulose (CMCNF). 31295525 4 19 theme carboxymethylated 623:639 arg1 nanocellulose 641:653 carboxymethylated nanocellulose 623:653 carboxymethylated nanocellulose (CMCNF) 623:661 A ciprofloxacin (CIP)-MMT composite was fabricated using carboxymethylated nanocellulose (CMCNF). 31295525 6 20 dep % 893:893 arg1 2 883:883 2 883:883 2 883:883 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite was fabricated using 1.5, 2, or 3 wt% CMCNF. 31295525 6 20 dep % 893:893 arg1 3 wt 889:892 3 wt 889:892 3 wt 889:892 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite was fabricated using 1.5, 2, or 3 wt% CMCNF. 31295525 9 21 theme 3 wt 1297:1300 arg1 composite 1317:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 31295525 9 22 theme % 1301:1301 arg1 composite 1317:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 31295525 8 23 theme release 1038:1044 arg1 experiments 1046:1056 In vitro release experiments 1029:1056 In vitro release experiments 1029:1056 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 7 24 theme CMCNF 917:921 arg1 content 923:929 the CMCNF content 913:929 Increasing the CMCNF content 902:929 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 2 25 theme layered 330:336 arg1 structure 338:346 layered structure 330:346 layered structure 330:346 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 8 26 theme CIP-MMT 1076:1082 arg1 material 1094:1101 the CIP-MMT composite material 1072:1101 the CIP-MMT composite material 1072:1101 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 5 27 theme Reaction 801:808 arg1 pH 778:779 pH 5 778:781 pH 5 778:781 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 27 theme Reaction 801:808 arg1 time = 3 h 810:819 Reaction time = 3 h 801:819 Reaction time = 3 h 801:819 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 9 28 theme CMCNF-CIP-MMT 1303:1315 arg1 composite 1317:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1293:1325 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 31295525 2 29 from MMT 376:378 arg1 release 363:369 drug release 358:369 drug release from MMT 358:378 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 6 30 theme CIP-MMT 839:845 arg1 composite 847:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite 823:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite 823:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite was fabricated using 1.5, 2, or 3 wt% CMCNF. 31295525 8 31 theme sustained 1233:1241 arg1 release 1247:1253 sustained CIP release 1233:1253 sustained CIP release 1233:1253 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 1 32 theme drug 202:205 arg1 delivery 207:214 drug delivery 202:214 drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties 202:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 0 33 theme nanocellulose 31:43 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose 0:43 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose fabricated ciprofloxacine - Montmorillonite composite for sustained delivery of antibiotics. 31295525 5 34 dep conditions 766:775 arg1 pH 778:779 pH 5 778:781 pH 5 778:781 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 34 dep conditions 766:775 arg1 CIP = 1000 mg/L 784:798 CIP = 1000 mg/L 784:798 CIP = 1000 mg/L 784:798 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 34 dep conditions 766:775 arg1 time = 3 h 810:819 Reaction time = 3 h 801:819 Reaction time = 3 h 801:819 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 7 35 theme Increasing 902:911 arg1 content 923:929 the CMCNF content 913:929 Increasing the CMCNF content 902:929 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 8 36 theme CIP 1243:1245 arg1 release 1247:1253 sustained CIP release 1233:1253 sustained CIP release 1233:1253 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 0 37 theme carboxymethylated 13:29 arg1 nanocellulose 31:43 carboxymethylated nanocellulose 13:43 carboxymethylated nanocellulose 13:43 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose fabricated ciprofloxacine - Montmorillonite composite for sustained delivery of antibiotics. 31295525 2 38 theme drug 307:310 arg1 molecules 312:320 drug molecules 307:320 drug molecules 307:320 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 1 39 theme due 216:218 arg1 delivery 207:214 drug delivery 202:214 drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties 202:291 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 8 40 theme composite 1186:1194 arg1 Erosion 1151:1157 6 h. Erosion 1146:1157 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1146:1194 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 5 41 theme CIP 715:717 arg1 molecules 719:727 CIP molecules 715:727 CIP molecules present into the MMT 715:748 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 8 42 theme CMCNF-CIP-MMT 1172:1184 arg1 composite 1186:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 6 43 dep CMCNF 895:899 arg1 % 893:893 % 893:893 % 893:893 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite was fabricated using 1.5, 2, or 3 wt% CMCNF. 31295525 5 44 theme molecules 719:727 arg1 % 710:710 31.1% 706:710 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT 706:748 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 44 theme molecules 719:727 arg1 molecules 719:727 CIP molecules 715:727 CIP molecules present into the MMT 715:748 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 8 45 theme % 1170:1170 arg1 composite 1186:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 7 46 theme rapid 985:989 arg1 dissolution 991:1001 rapid dissolution 985:1001 rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite 985:1026 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 8 47 theme 6 h. 1146:1149 arg1 Erosion 1151:1157 6 h. Erosion 1146:1157 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1146:1194 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 2 48 theme antibiotics 449:459 arg1 release 438:444 the release 434:444 the release of antibiotics 434:459 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 5 49 theme present 729:735 arg1 molecules 719:727 CIP molecules 715:727 CIP molecules present into the MMT 715:748 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 50 theme adsorption 673:682 arg1 reaction 684:691 A simple adsorption reaction 664:691 A simple adsorption reaction 664:691 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 5 51 theme optimized 756:764 arg1 conditions 766:775 optimized conditions 756:775 optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h) 756:820 A simple adsorption reaction intercalated 31.1% of CIP molecules present into the MMT under optimized conditions (pH 5, CIP = 1000 mg/L, Reaction time = 3 h). 31295525 9 52 theme antibacterial 1355:1367 arg1 activity 1369:1376 the most constant antibacterial activity 1337:1376 the most constant antibacterial activity 1337:1376 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 31295525 7 53 theme composite 1018:1026 arg1 dissolution 991:1001 rapid dissolution 985:1001 rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite 985:1026 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 4 54 theme -MMT 587:590 arg1 composite 592:600 A ciprofloxacin (CIP)-MMT composite 566:600 A ciprofloxacin (CIP)-MMT composite 566:600 A ciprofloxacin (CIP)-MMT composite was fabricated using carboxymethylated nanocellulose (CMCNF). 31295525 3 55 theme antibiotic 497:506 arg1 material 517:524 an antibiotic delivery material 494:524 an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties 494:563 This study sought to synthesize an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties. 31295525 10 56 theme antibiotic 1512:1521 arg1 release 1523:1529 the antibiotic release 1508:1529 the antibiotic release 1508:1529 These results demonstrated that the CMCNF prepared with CIP intercalation in MMT was highly effective in prolonging the antibiotic release. 31295525 6 57 theme synthesized 827:837 arg1 composite 847:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite 823:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite 823:855 The synthesized CIP-MMT composite was fabricated using 1.5, 2, or 3 wt% CMCNF. 31295525 2 58 dep sustained 383:391 arg1 less 393:396 less 393:396 less 393:396 MMT protects drug molecules between layered structure; however, drug release from MMT is sustained less than 6 h, which is insufficient for the release of antibiotics. 31295525 1 59 theme high 227:230 arg1 capacity 245:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 7 60 theme CMCNF 958:962 arg1 matrix 964:969 the CMCNF matrix 954:969 the CMCNF matrix 954:969 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 1 61 theme drug 232:235 arg1 capacity 245:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 8 62 theme sustained 1116:1124 arg1 release 1126:1132 the sustained release 1112:1132 the sustained release of CIP 1112:1139 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 8 63 theme release 1247:1253 arg1 48 h 1225:1228 48 h 1225:1228 48 h of sustained CIP release 1225:1253 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 7 64 theme matrix 964:969 arg1 erosion 943:949 the erosion 939:949 the erosion of the CMCNF matrix 939:969 Increasing the CMCNF content delayed the erosion of the CMCNF matrix and prevented rapid dissolution of the CIP-MMT composite. 31295525 3 65 theme delivery 508:515 arg1 material 517:524 an antibiotic delivery material 494:524 an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties 494:563 This study sought to synthesize an antibiotic delivery material with more sustained release properties. 31295525 1 66 theme loading 237:243 arg1 capacity 245:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 its high drug loading capacity 223:252 Montmorillonite (MMT) is a highly promising material for use in drug delivery due to its high drug loading capacity and controlled drug release properties. 31295525 0 67 theme Montmorillonite 73:87 arg1 composite 89:97 Montmorillonite composite 73:97 Montmorillonite composite 73:97 Synthesis of carboxymethylated nanocellulose fabricated ciprofloxacine - Montmorillonite composite for sustained delivery of antibiotics. 31295525 8 68 theme 3 wt 1166:1169 arg1 composite 1186:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite 1162:1194 In vitro release experiments revealed that the CIP-MMT composite material provided the sustained release of CIP over 6 h. Erosion of the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite occurred slowly and provided 48 h of sustained CIP release. 31295525 9 69 theme constant 1346:1353 arg1 activity 1369:1376 the most constant antibacterial activity 1337:1376 the most constant antibacterial activity 1337:1376 An anti-bacterial test revealed that the 3 wt% CMCNF-CIP-MMT composite displayed the most constant antibacterial activity over 12 days. 30703423 2 0 theme light 482:486 arg1 scattering 488:497 dynamic light scattering 474:497 dynamic light scattering (DLS) 474:503 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 0 theme light 482:486 arg1 DLS 500:502 DLS 500:502 DLS 500:502 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 3 1 theme stable 700:705 arg1 properties 716:725 the stable particle properties 696:725 the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs 696:742 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 5 2 theme toxicity 894:901 arg1 mechanisms 903:912 The toxicity mechanisms 890:912 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs 890:925 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 0 3 theme activity 100:107 arg1 enhancement 71:81 enhancement 71:81 enhancement of the antitumor activity 71:107 Construction of arabinogalactans/selenium nanoparticles composites for enhancement of the antitumor activity. 30703423 6 4 link biomass-derived 1155:1169 arg1 polysaccharide 1171:1184 a biomass-derived polysaccharide 1153:1184 a biomass-derived polysaccharide 1153:1184 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 2 5 theme cell 509:512 arg1 assays 523:528 cell toxicity assays 509:528 cell toxicity assays 509:528 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 5 6 theme assay 958:962 arg1 results 964:970 assay results 958:970 assay results 958:970 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 1 7 theme Selenium 110:117 arg1 nanoparticles 119:131 Selenium nanoparticles 110:131 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) 110:139 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 1 7 theme Selenium 110:117 arg1 SeNPs 134:138 SeNPs 134:138 SeNPs 134:138 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 4 8 theme dose-dependent 867:880 arg1 effect 882:887 a dose-dependent effect 865:887 a dose-dependent effect 865:887 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 6 9 theme findings 1105:1112 arg1 sum 1092:1094 The sum 1088:1094 The sum of these findings 1088:1112 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 2 10 theme electron 407:414 arg1 SEM 428:430 SEM 428:430 SEM 428:430 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 10 theme electron 407:414 arg1 microscopy 416:425 UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy 383:425 microscopy 416:425 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 3 11 theme particle 707:714 arg1 properties 716:725 the stable particle properties 696:725 the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs 696:742 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 6 12 theme non-metal/metalloid-based 1197:1221 arg1 nanoparticles 1223:1235 non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles 1197:1235 non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles 1197:1235 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 2 13 theme dynamic 474:480 arg1 scattering 488:497 dynamic light scattering 474:497 dynamic light scattering (DLS) 474:503 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 13 theme dynamic 474:480 arg1 DLS 500:502 DLS 500:502 DLS 500:502 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 14 theme biological 328:337 arg1 activity 339:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 1 15 theme formation 192:200 arg1 scaffolding 202:212 a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer 190:236 scaffolding 202:212 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 1 15 theme formation 192:200 arg1 arabinogalactans 164:179 arabinogalactans 164:179 arabinogalactans (LAG) 164:185 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 2 16 theme electron 447:454 arg1 TEM 468:470 TEM 468:470 TEM 468:470 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 16 theme electron 447:454 arg1 microscopy 456:465 transmission electron microscopy 434:465 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 434:471 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 4 17 theme MCF-7 848:852 arg1 cells 854:858 MCF-7 cells 848:858 MCF-7 cells 848:858 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 3 18 theme LAG-SeNPs 546:554 arg1 TEM 539:541 TEM 539:541 TEM 539:541 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 3 18 theme LAG-SeNPs 546:554 arg1 SEM 531:533 SEM 531:533 SEM 531:533 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 2 19 dep formation 286:294 arg1 The 282:284 The 282:284 The 282:284 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 20 theme transmission 434:445 arg1 TEM 468:470 TEM 468:470 TEM 468:470 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 20 theme transmission 434:445 arg1 microscopy 456:465 transmission electron microscopy 434:465 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 434:471 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 5 21 theme cancer 1011:1016 arg1 apoptosis 1027:1035 cancer cellular apoptosis 1011:1035 cancer cellular apoptosis 1011:1035 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 2 22 theme in 319:320 arg1 activity 339:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 6 23 theme human 1295:1299 arg1 cancers 1301:1307 human cancers 1295:1307 human cancers 1295:1307 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 0 24 theme arabinogalactans/selenium 16:40 arg1 Construction 0:11 Construction 0:11 Construction of arabinogalactans/selenium 0:40 Construction of arabinogalactans/selenium nanoparticles composites for enhancement of the antitumor activity. 30703423 3 25 theme LAG-SeNPs 734:742 arg1 properties 716:725 the stable particle properties 696:725 the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs 696:742 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 4 26 theme Cell 745:748 arg1 assays 759:764 Cell toxicity assays 745:764 Cell toxicity assays 745:764 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 1 27 theme particle 218:225 arg1 stabilizer 227:236 a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer 190:236 stabilizer 227:236 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 5 28 theme LAG-SeNPs 917:925 arg1 mechanisms 903:912 The toxicity mechanisms 890:912 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs 890:925 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 3 29 theme individual 571:580 arg1 nanoparticles 592:604 the individual spherical nanoparticles 567:604 the individual spherical nanoparticles 567:604 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 6 30 theme ensuing 1245:1251 arg1 material 1253:1260 ensuing material 1245:1260 the ensuing material's viability 1241:1272 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 2 31 theme toxicity 514:521 arg1 assays 523:528 cell toxicity assays 509:528 cell toxicity assays 509:528 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 3 32 theme spectroscopic 617:629 arg1 characterization 631:646 the spectroscopic characterization 613:646 the spectroscopic characterization 613:646 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 2 33 dep microscopy 416:425 arg1 scanning 398:405 UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy 383:425 scanning 398:405 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 33 dep microscopy 416:425 arg1 FT-IR 391:395 UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy 383:425 FT-IR 391:395 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 34 dep in 319:320 arg1 vitro 322:326 vitro 322:326 vitro 322:326 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 3 35 theme interaction 670:680 arg1 modes 661:665 the modes 657:665 the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs 657:742 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 2 36 theme LAG-SeNPs 351:359 arg1 size 309:312 size 309:312 size 309:312 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 36 theme LAG-SeNPs 351:359 arg1 activity 339:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 in vitro biological activity 319:346 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 36 theme LAG-SeNPs 351:359 arg1 formation 286:294 formation 286:294 formation 286:294 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 36 theme LAG-SeNPs 351:359 arg1 morphology 297:306 morphology 297:306 morphology 297:306 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 5 37 theme cellular 1018:1025 arg1 apoptosis 1027:1035 cancer cellular apoptosis 1011:1035 cancer cellular apoptosis 1011:1035 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 3 38 theme spherical 582:590 arg1 nanoparticles 592:604 the individual spherical nanoparticles 567:604 the individual spherical nanoparticles 567:604 SEM and TEM of LAG-SeNPs visualized the individual spherical nanoparticles, while the spectroscopic characterization revealed the modes of interaction which lead to the stable particle properties of the LAG-SeNPs. 30703423 4 39 theme toxicity 750:757 arg1 assays 759:764 Cell toxicity assays 745:764 Cell toxicity assays 745:764 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 5 40 theme cell 1068:1071 arg1 proliferation 1073:1085 cell proliferation 1068:1085 cell proliferation 1068:1085 The toxicity mechanisms of LAG-SeNPs were further investigated, and assay results revealed that LAG-SeNPs mainly induced cancer cellular apoptosis to promote atrophy and inhibit cell proliferation. 30703423 6 41 theme positive 1131:1138 arg1 effects 1140:1146 the positive effects 1127:1146 the positive effects 1127:1146 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 0 42 theme antitumor 90:98 arg1 activity 100:107 the antitumor activity 86:107 the antitumor activity 86:107 Construction of arabinogalactans/selenium nanoparticles composites for enhancement of the antitumor activity. 30703423 4 43 theme inhibitory 810:819 arg1 effect 821:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 1 44 theme anti-tumor 259:268 arg1 properties 270:279 their anti-tumor properties 253:279 their anti-tumor properties 253:279 Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized using arabinogalactans (LAG) as a formation scaffolding and particle stabilizer to investigate their anti-tumor properties. 30703423 6 45 theme biomass-derived 1155:1169 arg1 polysaccharide 1171:1184 a biomass-derived polysaccharide 1153:1184 a biomass-derived polysaccharide 1153:1184 The sum of these findings demonstrates the positive effects that a biomass-derived polysaccharide exert upon non-metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles and the ensuing material's viability as treatment against human cancers. 30703423 4 46 theme significant 798:808 arg1 effect 821:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 2 47 theme UV-vis 383:388 arg1 SEM 428:430 SEM 428:430 SEM 428:430 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 2 47 theme UV-vis 383:388 arg1 microscopy 416:425 UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy 383:425 microscopy 416:425 The formation, morphology, size, and in vitro biological activity of LAG-SeNPs were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cell toxicity assays. 30703423 4 48 contain had 794:796 arg1 products 785:792 the products 781:792 the products 781:792 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 30703423 4 48 contain had 794:796 arg2 effect 821:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 significant inhibitory effect 798:826 Cell toxicity assays indicated that the products had significant inhibitory effect on A549, HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells with a dose-dependent effect. 29408416 4 0 theme sulfated 710:717 arg1 fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 719:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 4 0 theme sulfated 710:717 arg1 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 5 1 theme activity 948:955 arg1 degrees 926:932 different degrees 916:932 different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury 916:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 6 2 dep fucose 1234:1239 arg1 to 1231:1232 to 1231:1232 to 1231:1232 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 amount 1283:1288 a high amount 1276:1288 a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1276:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 3 theme high 1278:1281 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 8 4 theme structural 1515:1524 arg1 characterization 1526:1541 further structural characterization 1507:1541 further structural characterization 1507:1541 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 5 5 from activity 948:955 arg1 injury 971:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 6 6 theme galactose-enriched 1130:1147 arg1 glucofucogalactan 1171:1187 a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan 1128:1187 a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan 1128:1187 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 6 6 theme galactose-enriched 1130:1147 arg1 HDF2A 1118:1122 HDF2A 1118:1122 HDF2A 1118:1122 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 8 7 theme pharmaceutical 1547:1560 arg1 applications 1562:1573 pharmaceutical applications 1547:1573 pharmaceutical applications 1547:1573 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 6 8 theme fucose 1234:1239 arg1 ratio 1212:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio 1194:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose 1194:1239 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 8 9 theme unique 1451:1456 arg1 composition 1473:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 6 10 theme HPLC 1052:1055 arg1 analysis 1057:1064 HPLC analysis 1052:1064 HPLC analysis 1052:1064 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 4 11 theme oxide 777:781 arg1 production 783:792 the nitric oxide production 766:792 the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells 766:811 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 6 12 theme galactose 1221:1229 arg1 fucose 1234:1239 galactose to fucose 1221:1239 galactose to fucose 1221:1239 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 4 13 theme RAW 797:799 arg1 cells 807:811 RAW 264.7 cells 797:811 RAW 264.7 cells 797:811 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 2 14 theme bioactive 316:324 arg1 fraction 326:333 the bioactive fraction 312:333 the bioactive fraction 312:333 To further explore the bioactive fraction, HDF2 was successfully separated using membrane filtration into HDF2A and HDF2B, which differed in chemical composition and molecular weight. 29408416 7 15 theme mannose 1322:1328 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 15 theme mannose 1322:1328 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 15 theme mannose 1322:1328 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 15 theme mannose 1322:1328 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 15 theme mannose 1322:1328 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 6 16 theme 2:1 1208:1210 arg1 ratio 1212:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio 1194:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose 1194:1239 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 3 17 from activity 562:569 arg1 cells 584:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 3 17 from activity 562:569 arg1 injury 665:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 5 18 theme different 916:924 arg1 degrees 926:932 different degrees 916:932 different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury 916:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 7 19 theme low 1360:1362 arg1 content 1364:1370 a low content 1358:1370 a low content of sulfate 1358:1381 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 6 20 with glucofucogalactan 1171:1187 arg1 ratio 1212:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio 1194:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose 1194:1239 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 1 21 dep Saccharina 144:153 arg1 japonica 155:162 Saccharina japonica 144:162 Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation 144:202 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation was separated into sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) and heteropolysaccharide (HDF2). 29408416 4 22 from production 783:792 arg1 cells 807:811 RAW 264.7 cells 797:811 RAW 264.7 cells 797:811 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 3 23 theme protective 598:607 arg1 activity 609:616 the protective activity 594:616 the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 594:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 4 24 theme low-molecular 689:701 arg1 fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 719:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 4 24 theme low-molecular 689:701 arg1 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 8 25 with mixture 1436:1442 arg1 composition 1473:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 8 26 theme further 1507:1513 arg1 characterization 1526:1541 further structural characterization 1507:1541 further structural characterization 1507:1541 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 1 27 theme Crude 109:113 arg1 polysaccharide 115:128 Crude polysaccharide 109:128 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation 109:202 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation was separated into sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) and heteropolysaccharide (HDF2). 29408416 1 28 theme sulfated 223:230 arg1 HDF1 254:257 HDF1 254:257 HDF1 254:257 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation was separated into sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) and heteropolysaccharide (HDF2). 29408416 1 28 theme sulfated 223:230 arg1 fuco-oligosaccharide 232:251 sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide 223:251 sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) 223:258 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation was separated into sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) and heteropolysaccharide (HDF2). 29408416 0 29 theme heterogeneous 21:33 arg1 polysaccharide 48:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide 19:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity 19:106 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 0 29 theme heterogeneous 21:33 arg1 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 6 30 theme chemical 1033:1040 arg1 analysis 1042:1049 chemical analysis 1033:1049 chemical analysis 1033:1049 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 4 31 theme immunomodulatory 857:872 arg1 activity 874:881 potential immunomodulatory activity 847:881 potential immunomodulatory activity 847:881 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 5 32 theme protective 1004:1013 arg1 activity 1015:1022 superior protective activity 995:1022 superior protective activity 995:1022 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 8 33 theme heterogeneous 1407:1419 arg1 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 8 33 theme heterogeneous 1407:1419 arg1 mixture 1436:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture 1397:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition 1397:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 2 34 theme molecular 459:467 arg1 weight 469:474 molecular weight 459:474 molecular weight 459:474 To further explore the bioactive fraction, HDF2 was successfully separated using membrane filtration into HDF2A and HDF2B, which differed in chemical composition and molecular weight. 29408416 4 35 theme nitric 770:775 arg1 oxide 777:781 the nitric oxide 766:781 the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells 766:811 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 5 36 theme superior 995:1002 arg1 activity 1015:1022 superior protective activity 995:1022 superior protective activity 995:1022 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 0 37 from bioactivity 96:106 arg1 polysaccharide 48:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide 19:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity 19:106 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 0 37 from bioactivity 96:106 arg1 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 3 38 theme fractions 504:512 arg1 bioactivity 481:491 The bioactivity 477:491 The bioactivity of all the fractions 477:512 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 6 39 theme distinctive 1196:1206 arg1 ratio 1212:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio 1194:1216 a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose 1194:1239 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 7 40 theme minor 1305:1309 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 40 theme minor 1305:1309 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 40 theme minor 1305:1309 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 40 theme minor 1305:1309 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 4 41 theme potential 847:855 arg1 activity 874:881 potential immunomodulatory activity 847:881 potential immunomodulatory activity 847:881 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 0 42 theme low-sulfated 35:46 arg1 polysaccharide 48:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide 19:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity 19:106 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 0 42 theme low-sulfated 35:46 arg1 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 3 43 theme cell 660:663 arg1 injury 665:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 8 44 theme complex 1399:1405 arg1 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 8 44 theme complex 1399:1405 arg1 mixture 1436:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture 1397:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition 1397:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 2 45 theme chemical 434:441 arg1 composition 443:453 chemical composition 434:453 chemical composition 434:453 To further explore the bioactive fraction, HDF2 was successfully separated using membrane filtration into HDF2A and HDF2B, which differed in chemical composition and molecular weight. 29408416 0 46 theme Saccharina 68:77 arg1 japonica 79:86 Saccharina japonica 68:86 Saccharina japonica 68:86 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 0 47 from japonica 79:86 arg1 polysaccharide 48:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide 19:61 a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity 19:106 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 0 47 from japonica 79:86 arg1 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan 0:16 Glucofucogalactan, a heterogeneous low-sulfated polysaccharide from Saccharina japonica and its bioactivity. 29408416 6 48 theme heteropolysaccharide- 1149:1169 arg1 glucofucogalactan 1171:1187 a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan 1128:1187 a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan 1128:1187 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 6 48 theme heteropolysaccharide- 1149:1169 arg1 HDF2A 1118:1122 HDF2A 1118:1122 HDF2A 1118:1122 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 5 49 theme AA-induced 960:969 arg1 injury 971:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 7 50 theme xylose 1345:1350 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 50 theme xylose 1345:1350 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 50 theme xylose 1345:1350 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 50 theme xylose 1345:1350 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 50 theme xylose 1345:1350 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 3 51 theme aristolochic 621:632 arg1 acid 634:637 aristolochic acid 621:637 aristolochic acid (AA) 621:642 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 3 51 theme aristolochic 621:632 arg1 AA 640:641 AA 640:641 AA 640:641 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 amount 1283:1288 a high amount 1276:1288 a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1276:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 HDF2A 1255:1259 HDF2A 1255:1259 HDF2A 1255:1259 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg1 addition 1245:1252 addition 1245:1252 addition 1245:1252 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg2 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 52 contain contained 1266:1274 arg1 HDF2A 1255:1259 HDF2A 1255:1259 HDF2A 1255:1259 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 2 53 theme membrane 374:381 arg1 filtration 383:392 membrane filtration 374:392 membrane filtration 374:392 To further explore the bioactive fraction, HDF2 was successfully separated using membrane filtration into HDF2A and HDF2B, which differed in chemical composition and molecular weight. 29408416 5 54 from injury 971:976 arg1 degrees 926:932 different degrees 916:932 different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury 916:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 1 55 theme acid 170:173 arg1 hydrolysis 175:184 acid hydrolysis 170:184 acid hydrolysis 170:184 Crude polysaccharide obtained from Saccharina japonica using acid hydrolysis and precipitation was separated into sulfated fuco-oligosaccharide (HDF1) and heteropolysaccharide (HDF2). 29408416 3 56 theme -induced 643:650 arg1 injury 665:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 amount 1283:1288 a high amount 1276:1288 a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1276:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 57 theme amounts 1311:1317 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 3 58 theme RAW 574:576 arg1 cells 584:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 7 59 theme rhamnose 1331:1338 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 59 theme rhamnose 1331:1338 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 59 theme rhamnose 1331:1338 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 59 theme rhamnose 1331:1338 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 59 theme rhamnose 1331:1338 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 3 60 theme NRK-52E 652:658 arg1 injury 665:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 5 61 theme protective 937:946 arg1 activity 948:955 protective activity 937:955 protective activity in AA-induced injury 937:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 8 62 theme polysaccharide 1421:1434 arg1 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 HDF2A 1390:1394 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 8 62 theme polysaccharide 1421:1434 arg1 mixture 1436:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture 1397:1442 a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition 1397:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 5 63 theme tested 892:897 arg1 compounds 899:907 All the tested compounds 884:907 All the tested compounds 884:907 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 8 64 theme monosaccharide 1458:1471 arg1 composition 1473:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 a unique monosaccharide composition 1449:1483 Thus, HDF2A, a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide mixture with a unique monosaccharide composition, could be studied for further structural characterization and pharmaceutical applications. 29408416 5 65 from degrees 926:932 arg1 injury 971:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 AA-induced injury 960:976 All the tested compounds showed different degrees of protective activity in AA-induced injury; HDF2A exhibited superior protective activity. 29408416 3 66 theme immunomodulatory 545:560 arg1 activity 562:569 immunomodulatory activity 545:569 immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells 545:588 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 3 67 from activity 609:616 arg1 cells 584:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 RAW 264.7 cells 574:588 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 3 67 from activity 609:616 arg1 injury 665:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury 621:670 The bioactivity of all the fractions was tested in vitro, including immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells and the protective activity in aristolochic acid (AA)-induced NRK-52E cell injury. 29408416 6 68 theme IR 1071:1072 arg1 spectroscopy 1074:1085 IR spectroscopy 1071:1085 IR spectroscopy 1071:1085 Through chemical analysis, HPLC analysis, and IR spectroscopy and MS, it was determined that HDF2A was a galactose-enriched heteropolysaccharide- glucofucogalactan with a distinctive 2:1 ratio of galactose to fucose. 29408416 7 69 theme sulfate 1375:1381 arg1 content 1364:1370 a low content 1358:1370 a low content of sulfate 1358:1381 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 4 70 theme weight 703:708 arg1 fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 719:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides 689:746 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 4 70 theme weight 703:708 arg1 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 673:676 HDF1 and HDF2B (low-molecular weight sulfated fucans/fuco-oligosaccharides) did not increase the nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells, whereas HDF2 and HDF2A exhibited potential immunomodulatory activity. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 glucose 1293:1299 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 amounts 1311:1317 minor amounts 1305:1317 minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1305:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 xylose 1345:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 amount 1283:1288 a high amount 1276:1288 a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose 1276:1350 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 mannose 1322:1328 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 29408416 7 71 theme glucose 1293:1299 arg1 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 rhamnose 1331:1338 In addition, HDF2A also contained a high amount of glucose and minor amounts of mannose, rhamnose, and xylose, with a low content of sulfate. 30870789 2 0 theme homogeneous 481:491 arg1 formation 493:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation 466:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix 466:531 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 6 1 theme orange/ethidium 1031:1045 arg1 bromide 1047:1053 the acridine orange/ethidium bromide 1018:1053 the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) 1018:1061 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 6 1 theme orange/ethidium 1031:1045 arg1 AO/EB 1056:1060 AO/EB 1056:1060 AO/EB 1056:1060 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 1 2 theme synthetic 235:243 arg1 materials 245:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 2 theme synthetic 235:243 arg1 scaffolds 266:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds 188:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance 188:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 2 3 theme biomimetic 470:479 arg1 formation 493:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation 466:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix 466:531 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 0 4 from mineralization 11:24 arg1 polymers 51:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 4 5 theme nHAP 710:713 arg1 crystallization 715:729 nHAP crystallization 710:729 nHAP crystallization 710:729 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 3 6 theme nHAP 648:651 arg1 crystallization 629:643 the crystallization 625:643 the crystallization of nHAP 625:651 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the polymer matrix regulated the crystallization of nHAP. 30870789 0 7 theme tissue 97:102 arg1 engineering 104:114 bone tissue engineering 92:114 bone tissue engineering 92:114 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 0 8 theme bone 92:95 arg1 engineering 104:114 bone tissue engineering 92:114 bone tissue engineering 92:114 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 6 9 theme good 1113:1116 arg1 biocompatibility 1118:1133 good biocompatibility 1113:1133 good biocompatibility 1113:1133 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 4 10 theme mechanical 775:784 arg1 performance 786:796 the mechanical performance 771:796 the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 771:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 1 11 theme composite 256:264 arg1 materials 245:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 11 theme composite 256:264 arg1 scaffolds 266:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds 188:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance 188:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 4 12 theme poly 835:838 arg1 scaffolds 865:873 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 835:873 the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 801:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 4 13 theme synthetic/natural 673:689 arg1 polymers 691:698 synthetic/natural polymers 673:698 synthetic/natural polymers 673:698 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 2 14 theme electron 405:412 arg1 SEM 426:428 SEM 426:428 SEM 426:428 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 2 14 theme electron 405:412 arg1 microscopy 414:423 Scanning electron microscopy 396:423 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 396:429 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 2 15 theme nHAP 506:509 arg1 formation 493:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation 466:501 the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix 466:531 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 1 16 theme sonication 370:379 arg1 assistance 356:365 the assistance 352:365 the assistance of sonication and amidation 352:393 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 5 17 theme simulated 945:953 arg1 SBF 967:969 SBF 967:969 SBF 967:969 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 5 17 theme simulated 945:953 arg1 fluid 960:964 a simulated body fluid 943:964 a simulated body fluid (SBF) 943:970 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 1 18 theme natural 174:180 arg1 bone 182:185 natural bone 174:185 natural bone 174:185 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 4 19 theme lactic 841:846 arg1 poly 835:838 poly 835:838 the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 801:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 4 19 theme lactic 841:846 arg1 acid 848:851 lactic acid 841:851 lactic acid 841:851 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 1 20 theme bone 182:185 arg1 component 138:146 the mineral component 126:146 the mineral component 126:146 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 20 theme bone 182:185 arg1 microstructure 156:169 the microstructure 152:169 the microstructure of natural bone 152:185 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 0 21 theme Biomimetic 0:9 arg1 mineralization 11:24 Biomimetic mineralization 0:24 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers 0:58 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 4 22 theme polymer 738:744 arg1 matrix 746:751 the polymer matrix 734:751 the polymer matrix 734:751 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 1 23 with scaffolds 266:274 arg1 structures 291:300 micropore structures 281:300 micropore structures 281:300 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 23 with scaffolds 266:274 arg1 performance 322:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 0 24 theme natural 29:35 arg1 polymers 51:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 5 25 theme bioactivity 889:899 arg1 ability 901:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability 876:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability 876:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 6 26 theme MTT 1007:1009 arg1 test 1012:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 7 27 theme engineering 1240:1250 arg1 applications 1252:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 Therefore, the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications. 30870789 1 28 theme micropore 281:289 arg1 structures 291:300 micropore structures 281:300 micropore structures 281:300 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 29 theme amidation 385:393 arg1 assistance 356:365 the assistance 352:365 the assistance of sonication and amidation 352:393 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 6 30 theme acridine 1022:1029 arg1 bromide 1047:1053 the acridine orange/ethidium bromide 1018:1053 the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) 1018:1061 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 6 30 theme acridine 1022:1029 arg1 AO/EB 1056:1060 AO/EB 1056:1060 AO/EB 1056:1060 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 0 31 theme synthetic 41:49 arg1 polymers 51:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 natural and synthetic polymers 29:58 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 7 32 theme bone 1228:1231 arg1 applications 1252:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 Therefore, the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications. 30870789 7 33 theme tissue 1233:1238 arg1 applications 1252:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 bone tissue engineering applications 1228:1263 Therefore, the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications. 30870789 6 34 theme tetrazolium 994:1004 arg1 test 1012:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 6 35 theme methyl 977:982 arg1 test 1012:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 2 36 theme X-ray 435:439 arg1 diffraction 441:451 X-ray diffraction 435:451 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 435:457 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 2 36 theme X-ray 435:439 arg1 XRD 454:456 XRD 454:456 XRD 454:456 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 4 37 dep /collagen 818:826 arg1 scaffolds 865:873 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 835:873 the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 801:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 2 38 theme polymer 518:524 arg1 matrix 526:531 the polymer matrix 514:531 the polymer matrix 514:531 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 4 39 theme /nHAP 859:863 arg1 scaffolds 865:873 poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 835:873 the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 801:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 2 40 from formation 493:501 arg1 matrix 526:531 the polymer matrix 514:531 the polymer matrix 514:531 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 6 41 theme Giemsa 1067:1072 arg1 staining 1074:1081 Giemsa staining 1067:1081 Giemsa staining 1067:1081 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 3 42 dep transform 542:550 arg1 infrared 552:559 infrared 552:559 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 542:579 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the polymer matrix regulated the crystallization of nHAP. 30870789 1 43 theme mechanical 311:320 arg1 performance 322:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 6 44 theme cell 1158:1161 arg1 growth 1163:1168 the cell growth 1154:1168 the cell growth 1154:1168 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 5 45 theme in 880:881 arg1 ability 901:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability 876:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability 876:907 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 5 46 theme body 955:958 arg1 SBF 967:969 SBF 967:969 SBF 967:969 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 5 46 theme body 955:958 arg1 fluid 960:964 a simulated body fluid 943:964 a simulated body fluid (SBF) 943:970 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 4 47 theme /collagen 818:826 arg1 performance 786:796 the mechanical performance 771:796 the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 771:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 3 48 dep Fourier 534:540 arg1 transform 542:550 transform 542:550 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 542:579 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the polymer matrix regulated the crystallization of nHAP. 30870789 1 49 theme /polymer 213:220 arg1 materials 245:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 49 theme /polymer 213:220 arg1 scaffolds 266:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds 188:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance 188:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 5 50 dep in 880:881 arg1 vitro 883:887 vitro 883:887 vitro 883:887 The in vitro bioactivity ability was investigated by incubating in a simulated body fluid (SBF). 30870789 4 51 theme chitosan 805:812 arg1 CS 815:816 CS 815:816 CS 815:816 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 4 51 theme chitosan 805:812 arg1 Col 829:831 Col 829:831 Col 829:831 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 4 51 theme chitosan 805:812 arg1 /collagen 818:826 the chitosan (CS)/collagen 801:826 the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds 801:873 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 1 52 theme mineral 130:136 arg1 component 138:146 the mineral component 126:146 the mineral component 126:146 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 6 53 contain had 1109:1111 arg2 biocompatibility 1118:1133 good biocompatibility 1113:1133 good biocompatibility 1113:1133 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 6 53 contain had 1109:1111 arg1 scaffolds 1099:1107 the scaffolds 1095:1107 the scaffolds 1095:1107 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 0 54 theme hybrid 71:76 arg1 scaffolds 78:86 hybrid scaffolds 71:86 hybrid scaffolds 71:86 Biomimetic mineralization on natural and synthetic polymers to prepare hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. 30870789 6 55 theme thiazolyl 984:992 arg1 test 1012:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test 973:1015 The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) test, the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and Giemsa staining showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility and could maintain the cell growth. 30870789 3 56 theme polymer 600:606 arg1 matrix 608:613 the polymer matrix 596:613 the polymer matrix 596:613 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the polymer matrix regulated the crystallization of nHAP. 30870789 7 57 theme CS/Col/PLA/nHAP 1186:1200 arg1 promising 1214:1222 promising 1214:1222 promising 1214:1222 Therefore, the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications. 30870789 7 57 theme CS/Col/PLA/nHAP 1186:1200 arg1 scaffold 1202:1209 the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold 1182:1209 the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold 1182:1209 Therefore, the CS/Col/PLA/nHAP scaffold is promising for bone tissue engineering applications. 30870789 2 58 theme Scanning 396:403 arg1 SEM 426:428 SEM 426:428 SEM 426:428 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 2 58 theme Scanning 396:403 arg1 microscopy 414:423 Scanning electron microscopy 396:423 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 396:429 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the biomimetic homogeneous formation of nHAP in the polymer matrix. 30870789 1 59 theme natural 223:229 arg1 materials 245:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 natural and synthetic materials 223:253 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 1 59 theme natural 223:229 arg1 scaffolds 266:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds 188:274 nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance 188:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30870789 4 60 theme polymers 691:698 arg1 integration 658:668 The integration 654:668 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers 654:698 The integration of synthetic/natural polymers benefited nHAP crystallization in the polymer matrix and thus improved the mechanical performance of the chitosan (CS)/collagen (Col)/ poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/nHAP scaffolds. 30870789 1 61 theme good 306:309 arg1 performance 322:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 good mechanical performance 306:332 To mimic the mineral component and the microstructure of natural bone, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/polymer (natural and synthetic materials) composite scaffolds with micropore structures and good mechanical performance were prepared via the assistance of sonication and amidation. 30926005 5 0 theme MAPKs 648:652 arg1 pathway 674:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 9 1 theme RAW264.7 1069:1076 arg1 cells 1078:1082 RAW264.7 cells 1069:1082 RAW264.7 cells 1069:1082 Collectively, WCCP-N-b could activate RAW264.7 cells, and the activation effect was related to its molecular weight. 30926005 1 2 theme 18 kDa 159:164 arg1 weight 149:154 a molecular weight 137:154 a molecular weight of 18 kDa 137:164 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 7 3 theme 16.1 kDa 871:878 arg1 weights 860:866 molecular weights 850:866 molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively 850:921 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 30926005 4 4 theme IL-6 580:583 arg1 release 542:548 release 542:548 release of NO 542:554 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 4 theme IL-6 580:583 arg1 phagocytosis 528:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 4 theme IL-6 580:583 arg1 secretion 560:568 secretion 560:568 secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β 560:593 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 8 5 theme molecular 1004:1012 arg1 weight 1014:1019 the molecular weight 1000:1019 the molecular weight decrease 1000:1028 Their macrophage activation effects were significantly decreased along with the molecular weight decrease. 30926005 5 6 theme NF-κB 658:662 arg1 pathway 674:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 2 7 dep methylated 371:380 arg1 α-1,6-galactan 345:358 a linear α-1,6-galactan 336:358 a linear α-1,6-galactan 336:358 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 5 8 theme signaling 664:672 arg1 pathway 674:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway 648:680 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 5 9 theme cellular 601:608 arg1 level 622:626 a cellular mechanistic level 599:626 a cellular mechanistic level 599:626 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 2 10 theme NMR 296:298 arg1 spectra 300:306 NMR spectra 296:306 NMR spectra 296:306 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 4 11 theme IL-1β 589:593 arg1 release 542:548 release 542:548 release of NO 542:554 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 11 theme IL-1β 589:593 arg1 phagocytosis 528:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 11 theme IL-1β 589:593 arg1 secretion 560:568 secretion 560:568 secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β 560:593 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 5 12 theme mechanistic 610:620 arg1 level 622:626 a cellular mechanistic level 599:626 a cellular mechanistic level 599:626 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 8 13 theme weight 1014:1019 arg1 decrease 1021:1028 the molecular weight decrease 1000:1028 the molecular weight decrease 1000:1028 Their macrophage activation effects were significantly decreased along with the molecular weight decrease. 30926005 9 14 theme activation 1093:1102 arg1 related 1115:1121 related 1115:1121 related 1115:1121 Collectively, WCCP-N-b could activate RAW264.7 cells, and the activation effect was related to its molecular weight. 30926005 9 14 theme activation 1093:1102 arg1 effect 1104:1109 the activation effect 1089:1109 the activation effect 1089:1109 Collectively, WCCP-N-b could activate RAW264.7 cells, and the activation effect was related to its molecular weight. 30926005 3 15 theme Glc 445:447 arg1 ratio 413:417 The molar ratio 403:417 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man 403:455 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 15 theme Glc 445:447 arg1 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 0 16 theme novel 2:6 arg1 galactan 30:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan 0:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius 0:73 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. 30926005 0 17 attach isolated 39:46 arg1 cibarius 66:73 Cantharellus cibarius 53:73 Cantharellus cibarius 53:73 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. 30926005 0 17 attach isolated 39:46 arg2 galactan 30:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan 0:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius 0:73 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. 30926005 7 18 theme molecular 850:858 arg1 weights 860:866 molecular weights 850:866 molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively 850:921 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 30926005 2 19 theme galactose 392:400 arg1 O-3 385:387 O-3 385:387 O-3 of galactose 385:400 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 1 20 theme novel 100:104 arg1 WCCP-N-b 122:129 WCCP-N-b 122:129 WCCP-N-b 122:129 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 1 20 theme novel 100:104 arg1 polysaccharide 106:119 A novel polysaccharide 98:119 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa 98:164 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 3 21 theme 3-methylated-Gal 427:442 arg1 ratio 413:417 The molar ratio 403:417 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man 403:455 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 21 theme 3-methylated-Gal 427:442 arg1 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 0 22 theme 3-O-methylated 15:28 arg1 galactan 30:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan 0:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius 0:73 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. 30926005 7 23 theme degraded 811:818 arg1 fragments 820:828 Four degraded fragments 806:828 Four degraded fragments 806:828 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 30926005 0 24 theme linear 8:13 arg1 galactan 30:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan 0:37 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius 0:73 A novel linear 3-O-methylated galactan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius activates macrophages. 30926005 8 25 theme macrophage 930:939 arg1 effects 952:958 Their macrophage activation effects 924:958 Their macrophage activation effects 924:958 Their macrophage activation effects were significantly decreased along with the molecular weight decrease. 30926005 4 26 theme TNF-α 573:577 arg1 release 542:548 release 542:548 release of NO 542:554 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 26 theme TNF-α 573:577 arg1 phagocytosis 528:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 26 theme TNF-α 573:577 arg1 secretion 560:568 secretion 560:568 secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β 560:593 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 1 27 theme fruiting 201:208 arg1 bodies 210:215 the fruiting bodies 197:215 the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius 197:240 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 3 28 theme Gal 422:424 arg1 ratio 413:417 The molar ratio 403:417 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man 403:455 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 28 theme Gal 422:424 arg1 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 9 29 theme molecular 1130:1138 arg1 weight 1140:1145 its molecular weight 1126:1145 its molecular weight 1126:1145 Collectively, WCCP-N-b could activate RAW264.7 cells, and the activation effect was related to its molecular weight. 30926005 3 30 theme Man 453:455 arg1 ratio 413:417 The molar ratio 403:417 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man 403:455 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 30 theme Man 453:455 arg1 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 31 theme molar 407:411 arg1 ratio 413:417 The molar ratio 403:417 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man 403:455 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 3 31 theme molar 407:411 arg1 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2 461:476 The molar ratio of Gal, 3-methylated-Gal, Glc and Man was 14.4:4.6:1.0:1.2. 30926005 6 32 theme structure-function 740:757 arg1 relationship 759:770 the structure-function relationship 736:770 the structure-function relationship 736:770 To further elucidate the structure-function relationship, WCCP-N-b was hydrolyzed by acid. 30926005 7 33 theme 3.5 kDa 901:907 arg1 weights 860:866 molecular weights 850:866 molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively 850:921 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 30926005 4 34 theme NO 553:554 arg1 release 542:548 release 542:548 release of NO 542:554 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 34 theme NO 553:554 arg1 phagocytosis 528:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 4 34 theme NO 553:554 arg1 secretion 560:568 secretion 560:568 secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β 560:593 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 5 35 theme Toll-like 686:694 arg1 receptor 696:703 Toll-like receptor 2 686:705 Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) 686:712 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 5 35 theme Toll-like 686:694 arg1 TLR2 708:711 TLR2 708:711 TLR2 708:711 On a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-N-b activated MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). 30926005 2 36 theme methylation 271:281 arg1 analysis 283:290 methylation analysis 271:290 methylation analysis 271:290 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 2 37 theme linear 338:343 arg1 α-1,6-galactan 345:358 a linear α-1,6-galactan 336:358 a linear α-1,6-galactan 336:358 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 7 38 theme 5 kDa 891:895 arg1 weights 860:866 molecular weights 850:866 molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively 850:921 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 30926005 1 39 theme Cantharellus 220:231 arg1 cibarius 233:240 Cantharellus cibarius 220:240 Cantharellus cibarius 220:240 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 8 40 theme activation 941:950 arg1 effects 952:958 Their macrophage activation effects 924:958 Their macrophage activation effects 924:958 Their macrophage activation effects were significantly decreased along with the molecular weight decrease. 30926005 1 41 theme molecular 139:147 arg1 weight 149:154 a molecular weight 137:154 a molecular weight of 18 kDa 137:164 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 1 42 theme cibarius 233:240 arg1 bodies 210:215 the fruiting bodies 197:215 the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius 197:240 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 4 43 theme macrophage 517:526 arg1 phagocytosis 528:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 macrophage phagocytosis 517:539 WCCP-N-b could significantly increase macrophage phagocytosis, release of NO and secretion of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 30926005 2 44 theme Monosaccharide 243:256 arg1 composition 258:268 Monosaccharide composition 243:268 Monosaccharide composition 243:268 Monosaccharide composition, methylation analysis and NMR spectra indicated that WCCP-N-b was a linear α-1,6-galactan, partially methylated at O-3 of galactose. 30926005 1 45 with polysaccharide 106:119 arg1 weight 149:154 a molecular weight 137:154 a molecular weight of 18 kDa 137:164 A novel polysaccharide (WCCP-N-b) with a molecular weight of 18 kDa was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius. 30926005 7 46 theme 11.2 kDa 881:888 arg1 weights 860:866 molecular weights 850:866 molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively 850:921 Four degraded fragments were obtained, with molecular weights of 16.1 kDa, 11.2 kDa, 5 kDa and 3.5 kDa, respectively. 29752110 1 0 theme Hyaluronic 237:246 arg1 acid 248:251 Hyaluronic acid 237:251 Hyaluronic acid 237:251 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 2 1 theme physico-chemical 546:561 arg1 methods 563:569 physico-chemical methods 546:569 physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 546:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 2 1 theme physico-chemical 546:561 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 9 2 theme developed 1857:1865 arg1 scaffolds 1867:1875 the developed scaffolds 1853:1875 the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns 1853:1954 Furthermore, no toxicity was seen with the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns. 29752110 8 3 theme TNF-α 1728:1732 arg1 increase 1738:1745 increase 1738:1745 increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment 1738:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 8 3 theme TNF-α 1728:1732 arg1 decrease 1716:1723 a decrease 1714:1723 a decrease of TNF-α 1714:1732 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 4 4 theme composite 1072:1080 arg1 scaffold 1082:1089 hydrogel composite scaffold 1063:1089 hydrogel composite scaffold 1063:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 5 5 theme composite 1141:1149 arg1 cytocompatibility 1101:1117 In-vitro cytocompatibility 1092:1117 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite 1092:1149 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 3 6 theme scaffolds 703:711 arg1 porous 717:722 porous 717:722 porous 717:722 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 3 6 theme scaffolds 703:711 arg1 morphology 679:688 the morphology 675:688 the morphology of composite scaffolds 675:711 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 4 7 dep gelatin + CuO 979:991 arg1 3.8 ± 0.3 mm 1019:1030 3.8 ± 0.3 mm 1019:1030 3.8 ± 0.3 mm 1019:1030 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 4 7 dep gelatin + CuO 979:991 arg1 4.8 ± 0.7 mm 994:1005 4.8 ± 0.7 mm 994:1005 4.8 ± 0.7 mm 994:1005 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 3 8 theme water 737:741 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 2 9 theme hydrogel 501:508 arg1 composite 510:518 The developed hydrogel composite 487:518 The developed hydrogel composite 487:518 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 8 10 from day 1770:1772 arg1 increase 1738:1745 increase 1738:1745 increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment 1738:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 8 10 from day 1770:1772 arg1 decrease 1716:1723 a decrease 1714:1723 a decrease of TNF-α 1714:1732 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 0 11 theme second 118:123 arg1 burns 132:136 second degree burns 118:136 second degree burns 118:136 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 4 12 with inhibition 869:878 arg1 hydrogel 885:892 hydrogel 885:892 hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold 885:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 8 13 from expression 1756:1765 arg1 day 1770:1772 day 7 1770:1774 day 7 1770:1774 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 3 14 theme maximum 729:735 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 6 15 theme Wistar 1291:1296 arg1 rats 1298:1301 Wistar rats 1291:1301 Wistar rats 1291:1301 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 16 theme wound 1401:1405 arg1 healing 1407:1413 the significant wound healing 1385:1413 the significant wound healing activity 1385:1422 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 17 theme hydroxyproline 1528:1541 arg1 content 1543:1549 hydroxyproline content 1528:1549 hydroxyproline content 1528:1549 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 3 18 theme ~0.196 MPa 802:811 arg1 strength 790:797 possessed tensile strength 772:797 possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa 772:811 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 3 18 theme ~0.196 MPa 802:811 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 4 19 theme inhibition 869:878 arg1 zone 861:864 zone 861:864 zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold 861:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 2 20 theme release 637:643 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 5 21 from quantification 1188:1201 arg1 cells 1222:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 6 22 theme hexosamine 1513:1522 arg1 terms 1484:1488 terms 1484:1488 terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content 1484:1549 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 3 23 theme uptake 743:748 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 4 24 from 5.3 ± 0.2 mm 920:931 arg1 coli 939:942 E. coli 936:942 E. coli 936:942 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 4 25 from increase 849:856 arg1 zone 861:864 zone 861:864 zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold 861:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 6 26 theme significant 1389:1399 arg1 healing 1407:1413 the significant wound healing 1385:1413 the significant wound healing activity 1385:1422 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 27 theme protein 1504:1510 arg1 terms 1484:1488 terms 1484:1488 terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content 1484:1549 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 3 28 theme possessed 772:780 arg1 strength 790:797 possessed tensile strength 772:797 possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa 772:811 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 0 29 theme Asiatic 75:81 arg1 acid/ZnO 83:90 Asiatic acid/ZnO 75:90 Asiatic acid/ZnO 75:90 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 3 30 with porous 717:722 arg1 strength 790:797 possessed tensile strength 772:797 possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa 772:811 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 3 30 with porous 717:722 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 2 31 theme mechanical 595:604 arg1 strength 606:613 mechanical strength 595:613 mechanical strength 595:613 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 3 32 theme % 766:766 arg1 strength 790:797 possessed tensile strength 772:797 possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa 772:811 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 3 32 theme % 766:766 arg1 capacity 750:757 maximum water uptake capacity 729:757 maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% 729:766 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 8 33 theme expression 1756:1765 arg1 increase 1738:1745 increase 1738:1745 increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment 1738:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 8 33 theme expression 1756:1765 arg1 decrease 1716:1723 a decrease 1714:1723 a decrease of TNF-α 1714:1732 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 8 34 theme experiment 1786:1795 arg1 expression 1756:1765 MMP-2 expression 1750:1765 MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment 1750:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 2 35 theme swelling 585:592 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 6 36 theme degree 1316:1321 arg1 wounds 1328:1333 second degree burn wounds 1309:1333 second degree burn wounds were induced 1309:1346 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 1 37 theme Zinc 345:348 arg1 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) 330:372 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 37 theme Zinc 345:348 arg1 oxide 350:354 Zinc oxide 345:354 Zinc oxide 345:354 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 7 38 from progress 1598:1605 arg1 fibers 1638:1643 collagen fibers 1629:1643 collagen fibers 1629:1643 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 7 38 from progress 1598:1605 arg1 angiogenesis 1661:1672 angiogenesis 1661:1672 angiogenesis 1661:1672 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 7 38 from progress 1598:1605 arg1 re-epithelization 1610:1626 re-epithelization 1610:1626 re-epithelization 1610:1626 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 7 39 dep control 1691:1697 arg1 comparison 1677:1686 comparison 1677:1686 comparison 1677:1686 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 6 40 theme healing 1407:1413 arg1 activity 1415:1422 the significant wound healing activity 1385:1422 the significant wound healing activity 1385:1422 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 1 41 theme Chondroitin 257:267 arg1 sulfate 269:275 Chondroitin sulfate 257:275 Chondroitin sulfate 257:275 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 4 42 contain containing 894:903 arg2 gelatin + ZnO 905:917 gelatin + ZnO 905:917 gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) 905:973 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 4 42 contain containing 894:903 arg1 hydrogel 885:892 hydrogel 885:892 hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold 885:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 4 42 contain containing 894:903 arg2 gelatin + CuO 979:991 gelatin + CuO 979:991 gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) 979:1044 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 0 43 theme nano 14:17 arg1 composite 28:36 nano hydrogel composite 14:36 nano hydrogel composite 14:36 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 7 44 dep re-epithelization 1610:1626 arg1 arrangement 1645:1655 arrangement 1645:1655 arrangement 1645:1655 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 0 45 theme composite 28:36 arg1 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite 0:36 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 9 46 from dressing 1924:1931 arg1 burns 1950:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 Furthermore, no toxicity was seen with the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns. 29752110 1 47 theme second 445:450 arg1 wounds 464:469 second degree burn wounds 445:469 second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats 445:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 48 theme developed 1122:1130 arg1 composite 1141:1149 developed hydrogel composite 1122:1149 developed hydrogel composite 1122:1149 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 49 theme burn 459:462 arg1 wounds 464:469 second degree burn wounds 445:469 second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats 445:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 50 theme DNA 1184:1186 arg1 quantification 1188:1201 DNA quantification 1184:1201 DNA quantification 1184:1201 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 51 from efficacy 422:429 arg1 wounds 464:469 second degree burn wounds 445:469 second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats 445:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 6 52 theme composite 1253:1261 arg1 scaffolds 1263:1271 the composite scaffolds 1249:1271 the composite scaffolds 1249:1271 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 4 53 theme Anti-microbial 814:827 arg1 evaluation 829:838 Anti-microbial evaluation 814:838 Anti-microbial evaluation 814:838 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 5 54 theme MTT 1176:1178 arg1 terms 1167:1171 terms 1167:1171 terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells 1167:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 6 55 theme In-vivo 1229:1235 arg1 studies 1237:1243 In-vivo studies 1229:1243 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds 1229:1271 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 56 theme DNA 1493:1495 arg1 terms 1484:1488 terms 1484:1488 terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content 1484:1549 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 2 57 theme SEM 580:582 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 5 58 from cells 1222:1226 arg1 terms 1167:1171 terms 1167:1171 terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells 1167:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 8 59 from increase 1738:1745 arg1 day 1770:1772 day 7 1770:1774 day 7 1770:1774 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 1 60 theme hydrogel 162:169 arg1 platform 171:178 a hydrogel platform 160:178 a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) 160:372 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 61 from MTT 1176:1178 arg1 cells 1222:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 62 theme healing 434:440 arg1 efficacy 422:429 the efficacy 418:429 the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats 418:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 7 63 theme significant 1586:1596 arg1 progress 1598:1605 the significant progress 1582:1605 the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis 1582:1672 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 2 64 theme developed 491:499 arg1 composite 510:518 The developed hydrogel composite 487:518 The developed hydrogel composite 487:518 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 4 65 theme hydrogel 1063:1070 arg1 scaffold 1082:1089 hydrogel composite scaffold 1063:1089 hydrogel composite scaffold 1063:1089 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 3 66 theme composite 693:701 arg1 scaffolds 703:711 composite scaffolds 693:711 composite scaffolds 693:711 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 5 67 from terms 1167:1171 arg1 cells 1222:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 68 theme Copper 360:365 arg1 oxide 367:371 Copper oxide 360:371 Copper oxide 360:371 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 68 theme Copper 360:365 arg1 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) 330:372 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 6 69 theme Cotton 1467:1472 arg1 guaze 1474:1478 Cotton guaze 1467:1478 Cotton guaze 1467:1478 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 1 70 theme biopolymer 192:201 arg1 gelatin 203:209 biopolymer gelatin 192:209 biopolymer gelatin 192:209 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 9 71 theme wound 1918:1922 arg1 dressing 1924:1931 a wound dressing 1916:1931 a wound dressing in second degree burns 1916:1954 Furthermore, no toxicity was seen with the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns. 29752110 4 72 dep gelatin + ZnO 905:917 arg1 4.9 ± 0.6 mm 948:959 4.9 ± 0.6 mm 948:959 4.9 ± 0.6 mm 948:959 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 4 72 dep gelatin + ZnO 905:917 arg1 5.3 ± 0.2 mm 920:931 5.3 ± 0.2 mm 920:931 5.3 ± 0.2 mm 920:931 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 6 73 theme content 1543:1549 arg1 terms 1484:1488 terms 1484:1488 terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content 1484:1549 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 0 74 theme degree 125:130 arg1 burns 132:136 second degree burns 118:136 second degree burns 118:136 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 7 75 theme Histopathology 1552:1565 arg1 studies 1567:1573 Histopathology studies 1552:1573 Histopathology studies 1552:1573 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 6 76 theme second 1309:1314 arg1 wounds 1328:1333 second degree burn wounds 1309:1333 second degree burn wounds were induced 1309:1346 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 9 77 theme degree 1943:1948 arg1 burns 1950:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 Furthermore, no toxicity was seen with the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns. 29752110 8 78 theme MMP-2 1750:1754 arg1 expression 1756:1765 MMP-2 expression 1750:1765 MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment 1750:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 4 79 from 3.8 ± 0.3 mm 1019:1030 arg1 aureus 1038:1043 S. aureus 1035:1043 S. aureus 1035:1043 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 5 80 theme fibroblast 1211:1220 arg1 cells 1222:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 0 81 theme acid/ZnO 83:90 arg1 nanoparticles 100:112 Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles 75:112 Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns 75:136 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 6 82 theme total 1498:1502 arg1 protein 1504:1510 total protein 1498:1510 total protein 1498:1510 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 1 83 theme present 146:152 arg1 work 154:157 the present work 142:157 the present work 142:157 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 2 84 theme strength 606:613 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 3 85 theme tensile 782:788 arg1 strength 790:797 possessed tensile strength 772:797 possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa 772:811 Results showed that the morphology of composite scaffolds are porous with maximum water uptake capacity of 1068% and possessed tensile strength of ~0.196 MPa. 29752110 0 86 theme CuO 96:98 arg1 nanoparticles 100:112 Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles 75:112 Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns 75:136 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 5 87 theme In-vitro 1092:1099 arg1 cytocompatibility 1101:1117 In-vitro cytocompatibility 1092:1117 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite 1092:1149 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 88 dep acid 304:307 arg1 triterpenoid 312:323 triterpenoid 312:323 triterpenoid 312:323 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 6 89 theme burn 1323:1326 arg1 wounds 1328:1333 second degree burn wounds 1309:1333 second degree burn wounds were induced 1309:1346 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 8 90 theme animal 1779:1784 arg1 experiment 1786:1795 animal experiment 1779:1795 animal experiment 1779:1795 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 2 91 theme drug 632:635 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 4 92 from 4.9 ± 0.6 mm 948:959 arg1 aureus 967:972 S. aureus 964:972 S. aureus 964:972 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 1 93 from wounds 464:469 arg1 rats 481:484 Wistar rats 474:484 Wistar rats 474:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 2 94 theme degradation 616:626 arg1 kinetics 645:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 ; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics 578:652 The developed hydrogel composite has been characterized by physico-chemical methods such as; SEM, swelling, mechanical strength, degradation and drug release kinetics. 29752110 0 95 theme hydrogel 19:26 arg1 composite 28:36 nano hydrogel composite 14:36 nano hydrogel composite 14:36 Evaluation of nano hydrogel composite based on gelatin/HA/CS suffused with Asiatic acid/ZnO and CuO nanoparticles for second degree burns. 29752110 4 96 from 4.8 ± 0.7 mm 994:1005 arg1 coli 1013:1016 E. coli 1010:1016 E. coli 1010:1016 Anti-microbial evaluation depicted increase in zone of inhibition with hydrogel containing gelatin + ZnO (5.3 ± 0.2 mm in E. coli and 4.9 ± 0.6 mm in S. aureus) and gelatin + CuO (4.8 ± 0.7 mm in E. coli, 3.8 ± 0.3 mm in S. aureus) in comparison to hydrogel composite scaffold. 29752110 9 97 theme second 1936:1941 arg1 burns 1950:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 second degree burns 1936:1954 Furthermore, no toxicity was seen with the developed scaffolds suggesting their suitability to use as a wound dressing in second degree burns. 29752110 7 98 theme collagen 1629:1636 arg1 fibers 1638:1643 collagen fibers 1629:1643 collagen fibers 1629:1643 Histopathology studies showed the significant progress in re-epithelization, collagen fibers arrangement and angiogenesis in comparison to control. 29752110 1 99 theme Asiatic 296:302 arg1 acid 304:307 Asiatic acid 296:307 Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) 296:324 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 100 dep nanoparticles 330:342 arg1 oxide 367:371 Copper oxide 360:371 Copper oxide 360:371 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 100 dep nanoparticles 330:342 arg1 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles 330:342 nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) 330:372 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 100 dep nanoparticles 330:342 arg1 oxide 350:354 Zinc oxide 345:354 Zinc oxide 345:354 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 101 theme degree 452:457 arg1 wounds 464:469 second degree burn wounds 445:469 second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats 445:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 102 theme hydrogel 1132:1139 arg1 composite 1141:1149 developed hydrogel composite 1122:1149 developed hydrogel composite 1122:1149 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 1 103 dep gelatin 203:209 arg1 acid 248:251 Hyaluronic acid 237:251 Hyaluronic acid 237:251 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 1 103 dep gelatin 203:209 arg1 sulfate 269:275 Chondroitin sulfate 257:275 Chondroitin sulfate 257:275 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 104 theme quantification 1188:1201 arg1 terms 1167:1171 terms 1167:1171 terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells 1167:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 29752110 6 105 dep control 1445:1451 arg1 NeuSkin™ 1454:1461 NeuSkin™ 1454:1461 NeuSkin™ 1454:1461 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 105 dep control 1445:1451 arg1 guaze 1474:1478 Cotton guaze 1467:1478 Cotton guaze 1467:1478 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 6 105 dep control 1445:1451 arg1 comparison 1427:1436 comparison 1427:1436 comparison 1427:1436 In-vivo studies for the composite scaffolds were evaluated on Wistar rats after second degree burn wounds were induced and studied for 28 days which showed the significant wound healing activity in comparison to the control (NeuSkin™ and Cotton guaze) in terms of DNA, total protein, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content. 29752110 8 106 from decrease 1716:1723 arg1 day 1770:1772 day 7 1770:1774 day 7 1770:1774 Additionally, a decrease of TNF-α and increase of MMP-2 expression on day 7 of animal experiment support healing. 29752110 1 107 theme Wistar 474:479 arg1 rats 481:484 Wistar rats 474:484 Wistar rats 474:484 In the present work, a hydrogel platform composed of biopolymer gelatin, and glycosaminoglycan's (Hyaluronic acid and Chondroitin sulfate) incorporated with Asiatic acid (a triterpenoid) and nanoparticles (Zinc oxide and Copper oxide) has been designed and developed to find out the efficacy of healing in second degree burn wounds in Wistar rats. 29752110 5 108 theme L929 1206:1209 arg1 cells 1222:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 L929 fibroblast cells 1206:1226 In-vitro cytocompatibility of developed hydrogel composite was assessed in terms of MTT and DNA quantification on L929 fibroblast cells. 31862537 0 0 theme chitosan/ionic 82:95 arg1 liquid/phthalocyanine 97:117 chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine 82:117 chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine 82:117 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 4 1 theme electrocatalytic 910:925 arg1 effect 927:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 1 2 theme biosensors 196:205 arg1 performance 151:161 The performance 147:161 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors 147:205 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 5 3 theme device-to-device 1284:1299 arg1 performance 1301:1311 device-to-device performance 1284:1311 device-to-device performance of 4.1% 1284:1319 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 4 theme redox 1233:1237 arg1 enzyme 1239:1244 the redox enzyme 1229:1244 the redox enzyme 1229:1244 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 8 5 theme excellent 1632:1640 arg1 affinity 1659:1666 excellent enzyme-substrate affinity 1632:1666 excellent enzyme-substrate affinity 1632:1666 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM confirms excellent enzyme-substrate affinity. 31862537 4 6 theme CHI 1028:1030 arg1 mixture 1017:1023 a mixture 1015:1023 |a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1015:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 2 7 dep layers 568:573 arg1 IL 623:624 IL 623:624 IL 623:624 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 2 7 dep layers 568:573 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 604:620 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 576:620 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 576:620 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 4 8 theme intense 885:891 arg1 effect 927:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 5 9 dep layers 1149:1154 arg1 |2||Lac| 1181:1185 |2||Lac| 1181:1185 |2||Lac| 1181:1185 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 9 dep layers 1149:1154 arg1 |||CuPcS| 1171:1176 |||CuPcS| 1171:1176 |||CuPcS| 1171:1176 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 9 dep layers 1149:1154 arg1 [CHI 1156:1159 [CHI 1156:1159 [CHI 1156:1159 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 9 dep layers 1149:1154 arg1  + IL 1163:1167  + IL 1163:1167  + IL 1163:1167 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 10 with Biosensors 1087:1096 arg1 laccase 1103:1109 laccase 1103:1109 |laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac| 1103:1185 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 0 11 theme liquid/phthalocyanine 97:117 arg1 assemblies 68:77 LBL assemblies 64:77 LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine 64:117 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 0 11 theme liquid/phthalocyanine 97:117 arg1 surfaces 137:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 6 12 theme linear 1391:1396 arg1 range 1408:1412 a linear detection range 1389:1412 a linear detection range from 2.4 μM 1389:1424 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 2 13 theme enzyme 661:666 arg1 immobilization 668:681 enzyme immobilization 661:681 enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 661:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 2 13 theme enzyme 661:666 arg1 chitosan 684:691 chitosan 684:691 chitosan 684:691 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 4 14 theme [CHI 1053:1056 arg1 films 1080:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 3 15 with films 713:717 arg1 structures 734:743 different structures 724:743 different structures 724:743 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 2 16 theme electrical 537:546 arg1 conductivity 548:559 the electrical conductivity 533:559 the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 533:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 3 17 theme different 724:732 arg1 structures 734:743 different structures 724:743 different structures 724:743 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 5 18 theme LbL 1145:1147 arg1 layers 1149:1154 |the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac| 1141:1185 |the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac| 1141:1185 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 0 19 theme immobilization 122:135 arg1 assemblies 68:77 LBL assemblies 64:77 LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine 64:117 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 0 19 theme immobilization 122:135 arg1 surfaces 137:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 3 20 theme Composite 703:711 arg1 films 713:717 Composite films 703:717 Composite films with different structures 703:743 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 2 21 theme able 645:648 arg1 material 636:643 a material 634:643 a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 634:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 5 22 theme electron 1203:1210 arg1 transfer 1212:1219 mediated electron transfer 1194:1219 mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film 1194:1257 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 7 23 theme detection 1472:1480 arg1 Limit 1463:1467 The excellent Limit 1449:1467 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) 1449:1511 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 23 theme detection 1472:1480 arg1 lower 1539:1543 lower 1539:1543 lower 1539:1543 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 23 theme detection 1472:1480 arg1 3·σ 1505:1507 3·σ /m 1505:1510 3·σ /m 1505:1510 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 2 24 theme electron 438:445 arg1 transfer 447:454 electron transfer 438:454 electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)) 438:499 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 2 24 theme electron 438:445 arg1 liquid 511:516 liquid 511:516 liquid 511:516 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 0 25 theme laccase 10:16 arg1 activity 26:33 laccase sensing activity 10:33 laccase sensing activity 10:33 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 2 26 theme material 636:643 arg1 conductivity 548:559 the electrical conductivity 533:559 the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 533:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 7 27 theme magnitude 1529:1537 arg1 order 1520:1524 one order 1516:1524 one order of magnitude 1516:1537 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 8 28 theme enzyme-substrate 1642:1657 arg1 affinity 1659:1666 excellent enzyme-substrate affinity 1632:1666 excellent enzyme-substrate affinity 1632:1666 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM confirms excellent enzyme-substrate affinity. 31862537 5 29 theme % 1319:1319 arg1 performance 1301:1311 device-to-device performance 1284:1311 device-to-device performance of 4.1% 1284:1319 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 6 30 theme amperometric 1326:1337 arg1 biosensor 1339:1347 The amperometric biosensor 1322:1347 The amperometric biosensor 1322:1347 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 2 31 theme LbL 355:357 arg1 films 359:363 LbL films 355:363 LbL films 355:363 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 8 32 theme 3.16 μM 1615:1621 arg1 constant 1603:1610 A Michaelis-Menten constant 1584:1610 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM 1584:1621 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM confirms excellent enzyme-substrate affinity. 31862537 1 33 theme complementary 317:329 arg1 functions 331:339 complementary functions 317:339 complementary functions 317:339 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 2 34 theme 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium 576:602 arg1 tetrafluoroborate 604:620 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 576:620 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate 576:620 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 4 35 theme 2 1078:1078 arg1 films 1080:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 0 36 theme sensing 18:24 arg1 activity 26:33 laccase sensing activity 10:33 laccase sensing activity 10:33 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 7 37 theme similar 1567:1573 arg1 studies 1575:1581 similar studies 1567:1581 similar studies 1567:1581 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 38 theme excellent 1453:1461 arg1 Limit 1463:1467 The excellent Limit 1449:1467 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) 1449:1511 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 38 theme excellent 1453:1461 arg1 lower 1539:1543 lower 1539:1543 lower 1539:1543 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 38 theme excellent 1453:1461 arg1 3·σ 1505:1507 3·σ /m 1505:1510 3·σ /m 1505:1510 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 2 39 theme copper 468:473 arg1 phthalocyanine 475:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 0 40 theme catechol 39:46 arg1 detection 48:56 catechol detection 39:56 catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces 39:144 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 2 41 theme layers 568:573 arg1 conductivity 548:559 the electrical conductivity 533:559 the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 533:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 5 42 theme layers 1149:1154 arg1 surface 1130:1136 the surface 1126:1136 |the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac| 1126:1185 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 2 43 theme sulfonated 457:466 arg1 phthalocyanine 475:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 3 44 theme efficient 774:782 arg1 electrocatalysts 784:799 efficient electrocatalysts 774:799 efficient electrocatalysts 774:799 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 6 45 from sensitivity 1358:1368 arg1 2.4 μM 1419:1424 2.4 μM 1419:1424 2.4 μM 1419:1424 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 1 46 dep Layer-by-Layer 263:276 arg1 supports 284:291 supports 284:291 supports 284:291 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 4 47 theme |||CuPcS| 1068:1073 arg1 films 1080:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 1 48 theme composite 253:261 arg1 LbL 279:281 LbL 279:281 LbL 279:281 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 1 48 theme composite 253:261 arg1 Layer-by-Layer 263:276 composite Layer-by-Layer 253:276 composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined 253:352 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 4 49 theme reproducible 897:908 arg1 effect 927:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect 876:932 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 1 50 with materials 302:310 arg1 functions 331:339 complementary functions 317:339 complementary functions 317:339 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 4 51 dep CuPcS 967:971 arg1 - 973:973 - 973:973 - 973:973 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 5 52 theme performance 1301:1311 arg1 reproducibility 1265:1279 a reproducibility 1263:1279 a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1% 1263:1319 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 5 52 theme performance 1301:1311 arg1 transfer 1212:1219 mediated electron transfer 1194:1219 mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film 1194:1257 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 4 53 theme CuPcS 967:971 arg1 layer 954:958 a layer 952:958 a layer of the CuPcS(-) 952:974 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 6 54 theme range 1408:1412 arg1 sensitivity 1358:1368 a sensitivity 1356:1368 a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol 1356:1446 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 8 55 theme Michaelis-Menten 1586:1601 arg1 constant 1603:1610 A Michaelis-Menten constant 1584:1610 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM 1584:1621 A Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.16 μM confirms excellent enzyme-substrate affinity. 31862537 5 56 theme mediated 1194:1201 arg1 transfer 1212:1219 mediated electron transfer 1194:1219 mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film 1194:1257 |Biosensors with laccase immobilized on the surface of the LbL layers [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2||Lac showed mediated electron transfer between the redox enzyme and the film and a reproducibility of device-to-device performance of 4.1%.| 31862537 2 57 dep chitosan 684:691 arg1 CHI 694:696 CHI(+) 694:699 CHI 694:696 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 3 58 from increase 815:822 arg1 magnitude 831:839 the magnitude 827:839 the magnitude of the responses towards catechol 827:873 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 6 59 theme detection 1398:1406 arg1 range 1408:1412 a linear detection range 1389:1412 a linear detection range from 2.4 μM 1389:1424 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 4 60 theme  + IL 1060:1064 arg1 films 1080:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |[CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1053:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 1 61 theme laccase-based 182:194 arg1 biosensors 196:205 electrochemical laccase-based biosensors 166:205 electrochemical laccase-based biosensors 166:205 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 4 62 theme  + IL 1034:1038 arg1 mixture 1017:1023 a mixture 1015:1023 |a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films| 1015:1084 |The most intense and reproducible electrocatalytic effect was observed when a layer of the CuPcS(-) was placed on top of a layer formed by a mixture of CHI(+) + IL(+) to obtain [CHI(+) + IL(+)||CuPcS(-)]2 films.| 31862537 6 63 from 2.4 μM 1419:1424 arg1 sensitivity 1358:1368 a sensitivity 1356:1368 a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol 1356:1446 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 6 63 from 2.4 μM 1419:1424 arg1 A·M-1 1379:1383 0.237 A·M-1 1373:1383 0.237 A·M-1 1373:1383 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 6 63 from 2.4 μM 1419:1424 arg1 range 1408:1412 a linear detection range 1389:1412 a linear detection range from 2.4 μM 1389:1424 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 2 64 dep transfer 447:454 arg1 CuPcS 491:495 CuPcS 491:495 CuPcS 491:495 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 2 64 dep transfer 447:454 arg1 phthalocyanine 475:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 sulfonated copper phthalocyanine 457:488 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 1 65 theme electrochemical 166:180 arg1 biosensors 196:205 electrochemical laccase-based biosensors 166:205 electrochemical laccase-based biosensors 166:205 The performance of electrochemical laccase-based biosensors can be improved by immobilizing the enzyme on composite Layer-by-Layer (LbL) supports in which materials with complementary functions are combined. 31862537 3 66 theme responses 848:856 arg1 magnitude 831:839 the magnitude 827:839 the magnitude of the responses towards catechol 827:873 Composite films with different structures have been demonstrated to be efficient electrocatalysts, producing an increase in the magnitude of the responses towards catechol. 31862537 0 67 theme LBL 64:66 arg1 assemblies 68:77 LBL assemblies 64:77 LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine 64:117 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 0 67 theme LBL 64:66 arg1 surfaces 137:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 immobilization surfaces 122:144 Promoting laccase sensing activity for catechol detection using LBL assemblies of chitosan/ionic liquid/phthalocyanine as immobilization surfaces. 31862537 6 68 theme A·M-1 1379:1383 arg1 sensitivity 1358:1368 a sensitivity 1356:1368 a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol 1356:1446 The amperometric biosensor showed a sensitivity of 0.237 A·M-1 and a linear detection range from 2.4 μM to 26 μM for catechol. 31862537 2 69 theme electrocatalytic 399:414 arg1 material 416:423 an electrocatalytic material 396:423 an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)) 396:700 LbL films are formed by layers combining an electrocatalytic material which favors electron transfer (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS(-)), an ionic liquid which enhances the electrical conductivity of the layers (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, IL(+)) and a material able to promote enzyme immobilization (chitosan, CHI(+)). 31862537 7 70 theme M 1502:1502 arg1 LOD 1483:1485 LOD 1483:1485 LOD 1483:1485 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31862537 7 70 theme M 1502:1502 arg1 detection 1472:1480 detection 1472:1480 detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M 1472:1502 The excellent Limit of detection (LOD) of 8.96·10-10 M (3·σ /m) is one order of magnitude lower than that obtained in similar studies. 31228656 3 0 theme acid 706:709 arg1 treatment 711:719 mild acid treatment 701:719 mild acid treatment 701:719 OAg-core chains are cleaved from the lipid A directly in the fermentation broth by mild acid treatment. 31228656 6 1 with core 1306:1309 arg1 Kdo 1325:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 2 theme experiments 1216:1226 arg1 combination 1184:1194 a combination 1182:1194 a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments 1182:1226 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 3 theme -α-Hepp- 1479:1486 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 4 theme octasaccharide 1291:1304 arg1 core 1306:1309 the octasaccharide core 1287:1309 the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure 1287:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 5 theme -α-Hepp- 1466:1473 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 6 attach present 1329:1335 arg1 end 1353:1355 the reducing end 1340:1355 the reducing end 1340:1355 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 6 attach present 1329:1335 arg2 core 1306:1309 the octasaccharide core 1287:1309 the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure 1287:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 6 attach present 1329:1335 arg1 structure 1371:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 0 7 theme vaccine 144:150 arg1 production 152:161 conjugate vaccine production 134:161 conjugate vaccine production 134:161 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 1 8 theme non-toxic 420:428 arg1 CRM197 410:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 8 theme non-toxic 420:428 arg1 variant 430:436 a non-toxic variant 418:436 a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin 418:456 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 9 theme bivalent 219:226 arg1 vaccine 238:244 a bivalent conjugate vaccine 217:244 a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella 217:285 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 2 10 theme O-antigen 581:589 arg1 chain 591:595 the O-antigen chain 577:595 the O-antigen chain 577:595 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 6 11 theme -[α-Galp- 1423:1431 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 1 12 theme vaccine 238:244 arg1 development 202:212 the development 198:212 the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella 198:285 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 6 13 theme reducing 1344:1351 arg1 end 1353:1355 the reducing end 1340:1355 the reducing end 1340:1355 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 1 14 theme toxin 452:456 arg1 CRM197 410:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 14 theme toxin 452:456 arg1 variant 430:436 a non-toxic variant 418:436 a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin 418:456 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 3 15 theme OAg-core 618:625 arg1 chains 627:632 OAg-core chains 618:632 OAg-core chains 618:632 OAg-core chains are cleaved from the lipid A directly in the fermentation broth by mild acid treatment. 31228656 4 16 from end 835:837 arg1 Kdo 815:817 the Kdo 811:817 the Kdo at the reducing end 811:837 Kdo has been reported to undergo structural changes under these conditions and therefore the Kdo at the reducing end was thoroughly analysed to verify its structural integrity. 31228656 5 17 theme mass 931:934 arg1 chains 945:950 low molecular mass OAg-core chains 917:950 low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 917:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 3 18 theme lipid 655:659 arg1 A 661:661 the lipid A 651:661 the lipid A 651:661 OAg-core chains are cleaved from the lipid A directly in the fermentation broth by mild acid treatment. 31228656 6 19 dep sequence 1261:1268 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 5 20 theme NMR 1154:1156 arg1 spectroscopy 1158:1169 NMR spectroscopy 1154:1169 NMR spectroscopy 1154:1169 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 5 20 theme NMR 1154:1156 arg1 GLC-MS 1129:1134 GLC-MS 1129:1134 GLC-MS 1129:1134 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 6 21 theme 1→5 1488:1490 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 0 22 theme end 85:87 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 0:123 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 5 23 theme low 917:919 arg1 mass 931:934 low molecular mass 917:934 low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 917:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 1 24 theme protein 402:408 arg1 CRM197 410:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 24 theme protein 402:408 arg1 variant 430:436 a non-toxic variant 418:436 a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin 418:456 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 5 25 theme type 987:990 arg1 bacteria 992:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 2 26 theme core 563:566 arg1 residue 506:512 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) 489:554 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 489:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 2 26 theme core 563:566 arg1 core 563:566 the core 559:566 the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 559:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 0 27 theme core 47:50 arg1 oligosaccharide 52:66 the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide 20:66 the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide 20:66 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 2 28 theme reducing 493:500 arg1 residue 506:512 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) 489:554 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 489:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 2 28 theme reducing 493:500 arg1 core 563:566 the core 559:566 the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 559:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 0 29 theme reducing 76:83 arg1 end 85:87 its reducing end 72:87 its reducing end 72:87 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 4 30 theme structural 755:764 arg1 changes 766:772 structural changes 755:772 structural changes 755:772 Kdo has been reported to undergo structural changes under these conditions and therefore the Kdo at the reducing end was thoroughly analysed to verify its structural integrity. 31228656 1 31 theme O-antigen 311:319 arg1 component 321:329 the O-antigen component 307:329 the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides 307:385 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 0 32 used used 125:128 arg2 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 0:123 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 2 33 theme conjugation 463:473 arg1 reaction 475:482 The conjugation reaction 459:482 The conjugation reaction 459:482 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 6 34 from structure 1371:1379 arg1 present 1329:1335 present 1329:1335 present 1329:1335 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 5 35 theme Typhimurium 970:980 arg1 bacteria 992:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 1 36 theme Typhimurium 337:347 arg1 component 321:329 the O-antigen component 307:329 the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides 307:385 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 0 37 dep oligosaccharide 52:66 arg1 acid 120:123 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 89:123 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 89:123 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 0 38 theme oligosaccharide 52:66 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 0:123 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 6 39 from end 1353:1355 arg1 present 1329:1335 present 1329:1335 present 1329:1335 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 3 40 theme mild 701:704 arg1 treatment 711:719 mild acid treatment 701:719 mild acid treatment 701:719 OAg-core chains are cleaved from the lipid A directly in the fermentation broth by mild acid treatment. 31228656 5 41 theme Typhimurium 1045:1055 arg1 bacteria 1057:1064 S. Typhimurium bacteria 1042:1064 S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 1042:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 6 42 theme -[α-Hepp- 1451:1459 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 43 theme 1→3 1447:1449 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 44 from present 1329:1335 arg1 structure 1371:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 2 45 dep bound 600:604 arg1 OAg-core 607:614 OAg-core 607:614 OAg-core 607:614 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 6 46 theme -α-Glcp- 1397:1404 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 47 theme present 1329:1335 arg1 core 1306:1309 the octasaccharide core 1287:1309 the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure 1287:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 48 theme -α-Glcp- 1438:1445 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 4 49 theme structural 877:886 arg1 integrity 888:896 its structural integrity 873:896 its structural integrity 873:896 Kdo has been reported to undergo structural changes under these conditions and therefore the Kdo at the reducing end was thoroughly analysed to verify its structural integrity. 31228656 6 50 theme 5-linked 1316:1323 arg1 Kdo 1325:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 51 theme 1H-13C 1209:1214 arg1 experiments 1216:1226 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments 1199:1226 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments 1199:1226 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 52 link 5-linked 1316:1323 arg1 Kdo 1325:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 5-linked Kdo 1316:1327 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 53 theme core 1306:1309 arg1 sequence 1261:1268 sequence 1261:1268 sequence 1261:1268 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 53 theme core 1306:1309 arg1 positions 1250:1258 the linkage positions 1238:1258 the linkage positions 1238:1258 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 53 theme core 1306:1309 arg1 structure 1274:1282 structure 1274:1282 structure 1274:1282 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 54 theme 1H-1H 1199:1203 arg1 experiments 1216:1226 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments 1199:1226 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments 1199:1226 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 55 theme 1→7 1461:1463 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 1 56 theme conjugate 228:236 arg1 vaccine 238:244 a bivalent conjugate vaccine 217:244 a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella 217:285 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 57 theme diphtheria 441:450 arg1 toxin 452:456 diphtheria toxin 441:456 diphtheria toxin 441:456 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 5 58 theme molecular 921:929 arg1 mass 931:934 low molecular mass 917:934 low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 917:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 0 59 dep Salmonella 24:33 arg1 Typhimurium 35:45 Typhimurium 35:45 Typhimurium 35:45 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 5 60 theme OAg-core 936:943 arg1 chains 945:950 low molecular mass OAg-core chains 917:950 low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 917:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 6 61 theme linkage 1242:1248 arg1 sequence 1261:1268 sequence 1261:1268 sequence 1261:1268 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 61 theme linkage 1242:1248 arg1 positions 1250:1258 the linkage positions 1238:1258 the linkage positions 1238:1258 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 61 theme linkage 1242:1248 arg1 structure 1274:1282 structure 1274:1282 structure 1274:1282 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 62 theme 1→2 1406:1408 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 5 63 theme O-antigen 1089:1097 arg1 repeats 1099:1105 O-antigen repeats 1089:1105 O-antigen repeats 1089:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 0 64 theme 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic 89:118 arg1 acid 120:123 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 89:123 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 89:123 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 2 65 dep residue 506:512 arg1 Kdo 551:553 Kdo 551:553 Kdo 551:553 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 2 65 dep residue 506:512 arg1 acid 545:548 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 514:548 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 489:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 1 66 theme strategies 175:184 arg1 One 164:166 One 164:166 One 164:166 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 66 theme strategies 175:184 arg1 strategies 175:184 the strategies 171:184 the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella 171:285 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 6 67 theme native 1364:1369 arg1 structure 1371:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 its native structure 1360:1379 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 6 68 theme 1→2 1393:1395 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 1 69 theme carrier 394:400 arg1 CRM197 410:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 the carrier protein CRM197 390:415 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 1 69 theme carrier 394:400 arg1 variant 430:436 a non-toxic variant 418:436 a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin 418:456 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 5 70 theme wild 982:985 arg1 bacteria 992:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 6 71 theme α-GlcpNAc- 1382:1391 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 1 72 dep Typhimurium 337:347 arg1 lipopolysaccharides 367:385 lipopolysaccharides 367:385 lipopolysaccharides 367:385 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 0 73 theme conjugate 134:142 arg1 production 152:161 conjugate vaccine production 134:161 conjugate vaccine production 134:161 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 6 74 theme 1→6 1433:1435 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 0 75 theme Salmonella 24:33 arg1 oligosaccharide 52:66 the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide 20:66 the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide 20:66 Characterization of the Salmonella Typhimurium core oligosaccharide and its reducing end 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid used for conjugate vaccine production. 31228656 5 76 theme S. 967:968 arg1 bacteria 992:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria 967:999 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 6 77 theme 1→3 1419:1421 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 5 78 theme S. 1042:1043 arg1 bacteria 1057:1064 S. Typhimurium bacteria 1042:1064 S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats 1042:1105 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 2 79 theme 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic 514:543 arg1 Kdo 551:553 Kdo 551:553 Kdo 551:553 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 2 79 theme 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic 514:543 arg1 acid 545:548 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 514:548 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 489:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 4 80 theme reducing 826:833 arg1 end 835:837 the reducing end 822:837 the reducing end 822:837 Kdo has been reported to undergo structural changes under these conditions and therefore the Kdo at the reducing end was thoroughly analysed to verify its structural integrity. 31228656 6 81 theme -α-Galp- 1410:1417 arg1 -Kdo 1492:1495 α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1382:1495 sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo 1261:1495 Moreover, a combination of 1H-1H and 1H-13C experiments confirmed the linkage positions, sequence and structure of the octasaccharide core with 5-linked Kdo present at the reducing end in its native structure: α-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-α-Glcp-(1→2)-α-Galp-(1→3)-[α-Galp-(1→6)]-α-Glcp-(1→3)-[α-Hepp-(1→7)]-α-Hepp-(1→3)-α-Hepp-(1→5)-Kdo. 31228656 2 82 theme end 502:504 arg1 residue 506:512 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) 489:554 the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 489:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 2 82 theme end 502:504 arg1 core 563:566 the core 559:566 the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core) 559:615 The conjugation reaction uses the reducing end residue 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) of the core to which the O-antigen chain is bound (OAg-core). 31228656 1 83 theme Entertidis 356:365 arg1 component 321:329 the O-antigen component 307:329 the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides 307:385 One of the strategies adopted for the development of a bivalent conjugate vaccine against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella consists of linking the O-antigen component of S. Typhimurium and S. Entertidis lipopolysaccharides to the carrier protein CRM197, a non-toxic variant of diphtheria toxin. 31228656 5 84 theme core 1005:1008 arg1 oligosaccharides 1010:1025 core oligosaccharides 1005:1025 core oligosaccharides 1005:1025 For this purpose, low molecular mass OAg-core chains extracted from S. Typhimurium wild type bacteria and core oligosaccharides extracted from S. Typhimurium bacteria mutated not to produce O-antigen repeats were characterized by GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. 31228656 3 85 theme fermentation 679:690 arg1 broth 692:696 the fermentation broth 675:696 the fermentation broth 675:696 OAg-core chains are cleaved from the lipid A directly in the fermentation broth by mild acid treatment. 29319093 1 0 theme new 169:171 arg1 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles 156:197 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 1 1 theme water-soluble 290:302 arg1 Nutriose® 313:321 Nutriose® 313:321 Nutriose® 313:321 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 1 1 theme water-soluble 290:302 arg1 dextrin 304:310 a water-soluble dextrin 288:310 a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) 288:327 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 4 2 theme SAXS 898:901 arg1 investigation 903:915 SAXS investigation 898:915 SAXS investigation 898:915 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 3 theme Nutriose® 788:796 arg1 presence 776:783 the presence 772:783 the presence 772:783 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 3 theme Nutriose® 788:796 arg1 located 809:815 located 809:815 located 809:815 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 7 4 theme dextrin 1455:1461 arg1 bioavailability 1394:1408 the bioavailability 1390:1408 the bioavailability 1390:1408 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 7 4 theme dextrin 1455:1461 arg1 biodistribution 1418:1432 the biodistribution 1414:1432 the biodistribution 1414:1432 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 5 5 theme gastrointestinal 1104:1119 arg1 environment 1121:1131 the gastrointestinal environment 1100:1131 the gastrointestinal environment 1100:1131 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 6 6 theme optimal 1208:1214 arg1 effect 1227:1232 an optimal protective effect 1205:1232 an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells 1205:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 7 7 theme innovative 1318:1327 arg1 vesicles 1329:1336 these innovative vesicles 1312:1336 these innovative vesicles 1312:1336 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 0 8 theme intestinal 110:119 arg1 stress 131:136 intestinal oxidative stress 110:136 intestinal oxidative stress 110:136 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 7 9 theme colonic 1526:1532 arg1 damage 1534:1539 colonic damage 1526:1539 colonic damage chemically induced in rats 1526:1566 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 4 10 theme potential 646:654 arg1 mV 661:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 3 11 theme stability 453:461 arg1 performances 476:487 The stability and delivery performances 449:487 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles 449:503 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles were improved by adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. 29319093 1 12 theme phospholipid 173:184 arg1 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles 156:197 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 5 13 theme lyophilization 999:1012 arg1 process 1014:1020 the lyophilization process 995:1020 the lyophilization process 995:1020 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 4 14 theme irrespective 665:676 arg1 mV 661:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 15 from media 862:866 arg1 presence 776:783 the presence 772:783 the presence 772:783 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 15 from media 862:866 arg1 located 809:815 located 809:815 located 809:815 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 16 dep media 862:866 arg1 both 820:823 both 820:823 both 820:823 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 2 17 theme one-step 407:414 arg1 procedure 438:446 a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure 405:446 procedure 438:446 Nutriosomes were easily fabricated in a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure. 29319093 4 18 from small 582:586 arg1 nm 616:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 18 from small 582:586 arg1 size 591:594 size 591:594 size (mean diameter ∼168 nm) 591:618 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 7 19 theme oral 1468:1471 arg1 administration 1473:1486 oral administration 1468:1486 oral administration 1468:1486 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 0 20 theme delivery 23:30 arg1 systems 32:38 prebiotic delivery systems 13:38 prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids 13:62 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 6 21 theme oxidative 1268:1276 arg1 stress 1278:1283 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress 1242:1283 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells 1242:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 6 22 theme curcumin 1174:1181 arg1 properties 1160:1169 the antioxidant properties 1144:1169 the antioxidant properties of curcumin 1144:1181 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 6 23 theme Caco-2 1288:1293 arg1 cells 1295:1299 Caco-2 cells 1288:1299 Caco-2 cells 1288:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 3 24 theme vesicles 496:503 arg1 performances 476:487 The stability and delivery performances 449:487 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles 449:503 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles were improved by adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. 29319093 0 25 theme prebiotic 13:21 arg1 systems 32:38 prebiotic delivery systems 13:38 prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids 13:62 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 4 26 theme diameter 602:609 arg1 nm 616:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 26 theme diameter 602:609 arg1 size 591:594 size 591:594 size (mean diameter ∼168 nm) 591:618 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 0 27 theme oxidative 121:129 arg1 stress 131:136 intestinal oxidative stress 110:136 intestinal oxidative stress 110:136 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 6 28 theme protective 1216:1225 arg1 effect 1227:1232 an optimal protective effect 1205:1232 an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells 1205:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 5 29 theme vesicle 971:977 arg1 collapse 979:986 vesicle collapse 971:986 vesicle collapse 971:986 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 1 30 theme intestinal 225:234 arg1 protection 236:245 intestinal protection 225:245 intestinal protection 225:245 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 4 31 theme mean 597:600 arg1 nm 616:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 mean diameter ∼168 nm 597:617 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 31 theme mean 597:600 arg1 size 591:594 size 591:594 size (mean diameter ∼168 nm) 591:618 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 6 32 theme antioxidant 1148:1158 arg1 properties 1160:1169 the antioxidant properties 1144:1169 the antioxidant properties of curcumin 1144:1181 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 4 33 theme inter-lamellar 829:842 arg1 media 862:866 both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media 820:866 media 862:866 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 34 theme composition 687:697 arg1 irrespective 665:676 irrespective 665:676 irrespective 665:676 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 7 35 theme promising 1345:1353 arg1 efficacy 1355:1362 promising efficacy 1345:1362 promising efficacy 1345:1362 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 2 36 theme organic 417:423 arg1 procedure 438:446 a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure 405:446 procedure 438:446 Nutriosomes were easily fabricated in a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure. 29319093 4 37 located located 809:815 arg1 media 862:866 both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media 820:866 media 862:866 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 37 located located 809:815 arg2 presence 776:783 the presence 772:783 the presence 772:783 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 37 located located 809:815 arg2 located 809:815 located 809:815 located 809:815 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 7 38 theme curcumin 1442:1449 arg1 bioavailability 1394:1408 the bioavailability 1390:1408 the bioavailability 1390:1408 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 7 38 theme curcumin 1442:1449 arg1 biodistribution 1418:1432 the biodistribution 1414:1432 the biodistribution 1414:1432 Moreover, these innovative vesicles showed promising efficacy in vivo, as they improved the bioavailability and the biodistribution of both curcumin and dextrin upon oral administration, which acted synergically in reducing colonic damage chemically induced in rats. 29319093 2 39 theme solvent-free 425:436 arg1 procedure 438:446 a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure 405:446 procedure 438:446 Nutriosomes were easily fabricated in a one-step, organic solvent-free procedure. 29319093 1 40 theme natural 335:341 arg1 curcumin 356:363 curcumin 356:363 curcumin 356:363 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 1 40 theme natural 335:341 arg1 antioxidant 343:353 a natural antioxidant 333:353 a natural antioxidant (curcumin) 333:364 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29319093 3 41 theme delivery 467:474 arg1 performances 476:487 The stability and delivery performances 449:487 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles 449:503 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles were improved by adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. 29319093 4 42 theme inter-vesicle 848:860 arg1 media 862:866 both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media 820:866 media 862:866 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 5 43 theme ionic 1055:1059 arg1 strength 1061:1068 high ionic strength 1050:1068 high ionic strength 1050:1068 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 5 44 theme high 1050:1053 arg1 strength 1061:1068 high ionic strength 1050:1068 high ionic strength 1050:1068 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 3 45 theme hydroxypropyl 529:541 arg1 methylcellulose 543:557 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 529:557 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 529:557 The stability and delivery performances of the vesicles were improved by adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. 29319093 6 46 from stress 1278:1283 arg1 cells 1295:1299 Caco-2 cells 1288:1299 Caco-2 cells 1288:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 6 47 theme peroxide-induced 1251:1266 arg1 stress 1278:1283 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress 1242:1283 hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells 1242:1299 Thanks to the antioxidant properties of curcumin, nutriosomes provided an optimal protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. 29319093 4 48 dep charged 632:638 arg1 mV 661:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 49 from size 591:594 arg1 small 582:586 small 582:586 small 582:586 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 4 50 theme unilamellar 737:747 arg1 vesicles 749:756 unilamellar vesicles 737:756 unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation 737:915 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 0 51 theme soluble 67:73 arg1 dextrin 75:81 a soluble dextrin 65:81 a soluble dextrin 65:81 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 0 51 theme soluble 67:73 arg1 Nutriosomes 0:10 Nutriosomes 0:10 Nutriosomes 0:10 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 5 52 theme pH 1074:1075 arg1 changes 1077:1083 pH changes 1074:1083 pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment 1074:1131 The dextrin acted also as a cryo-protector, avoiding vesicle collapse during the lyophilization process, and as a protector against high ionic strength and pH changes encountered in the gastrointestinal environment. 29319093 4 53 theme zeta 641:644 arg1 mV 661:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 zeta potential ∼-38 mV 641:662 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 0 54 dep Nutriosomes 0:10 arg1 systems 32:38 prebiotic delivery systems 13:38 prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids 13:62 Nutriosomes: prebiotic delivery systems combining phospholipids, a soluble dextrin and curcumin to counteract intestinal oxidative stress and inflammation. 29319093 4 55 from located 809:815 arg1 media 862:866 both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media 820:866 media 862:866 All the vesicles were small in size (mean diameter ∼168 nm), negatively charged (zeta potential ∼-38 mV, irrespective of their composition), and self-assembled predominantly in unilamellar vesicles stabilized by the presence of Nutriose®, which was located in both the inter-lamellar and inter-vesicle media, as confirmed by cryo-TEM and SAXS investigation. 29319093 1 56 theme Nutriosomes 156:166 arg1 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles 156:197 nanovesicles 186:197 Nutriosomes, new phospholipid nanovesicles specifically designed for intestinal protection were developed by simultaneously loading a water-soluble dextrin (Nutriose® FM06) and a natural antioxidant (curcumin). 29673153 6 0 theme cream 874:878 arg1 meltdown 854:861 meltdown 854:861 meltdown of the ice cream 854:878 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 10 1 theme citrus 1254:1259 arg1 wastewater 1269:1278 citrus canning wastewater 1254:1278 citrus canning wastewater 1254:1278 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 1 2 theme chemical 140:147 arg1 treatment 149:157 chemical treatment 140:157 chemical treatment of segment membrane 140:177 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 7 3 theme cream 964:968 arg1 product 949:955 a prototype product 937:955 a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control 937:1019 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 0 4 theme Ice 67:69 arg1 Cream 71:75 Ice Cream 67:75 Ice Cream 67:75 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 6 5 theme ice 870:872 arg1 cream 874:878 the ice cream 866:878 the ice cream 866:878 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 7 6 theme lower 979:983 arg1 content 989:995 45% lower fat content 975:995 45% lower fat content compared to the control 975:1019 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 5 7 theme pseudoplastic 719:731 arg1 fluids 733:738 typical pseudoplastic fluids 711:738 typical pseudoplastic fluids 711:738 The rheological results showed that pectin solutions were typical pseudoplastic fluids. 29673153 3 8 theme rheological 450:460 arg1 properties 462:471 rheological properties 450:471 rheological properties 450:471 The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. 29673153 9 9 theme lower 1197:1201 arg1 scores 1217:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 6 10 from decrease 842:849 arg1 meltdown 854:861 meltdown 854:861 meltdown of the ice cream 854:878 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 10 from decrease 842:849 arg1 overrun 813:819 overrun 813:819 overrun 813:819 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 10 from decrease 842:849 arg1 hardness 826:833 hardness 826:833 hardness 826:833 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 10 from decrease 842:849 arg1 viscosity 802:810 viscosity 802:810 viscosity 802:810 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 9 11 theme mouth-coating 1203:1215 arg1 scores 1217:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 6 12 theme pectin 757:762 arg1 addition 745:752 The addition 741:752 The addition of pectin in ice cream 741:775 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 3 13 theme pectin 480:485 arg1 composition 434:444 monosaccharide composition 419:444 monosaccharide composition 419:444 The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. 29673153 3 13 theme pectin 480:485 arg1 properties 462:471 rheological properties 450:471 rheological properties 450:471 The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. 29673153 4 14 theme physicochemical 563:577 arg1 properties 604:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties 559:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 559:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 2 15 from wastewater 321:330 arg1 pectin 301:306 the extracted pectin 287:306 the extracted pectin from canning wastewater 287:330 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 2 16 theme study 261:265 arg1 purpose 245:251 The purpose 241:251 The purpose of this study 241:265 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 2 17 theme fat 370:372 arg1 application 353:363 its application 349:363 its application 349:363 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 2 17 theme fat 370:372 arg1 alternative 374:384 a fat alternative 368:384 a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream 368:412 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 7 18 with product 949:955 arg1 content 989:995 45% lower fat content 975:995 45% lower fat content compared to the control 975:1019 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 7 19 theme % 890:890 arg1 w/w 900:902 w/w 900:902 w/w 900:902 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 7 19 theme % 890:890 arg1 pectin 892:897 0.72% pectin 886:897 0.72% pectin (w/w) 886:903 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 4 20 theme rheological 580:590 arg1 properties 604:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties 559:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 559:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 1 21 theme segment 162:168 arg1 membrane 170:177 segment membrane 162:177 segment membrane 162:177 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 0 22 from Wastewater 27:36 arg1 Pectin 0:5 Pectin 0:5 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 0:76 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 9 23 contain had 1164:1166 arg1 cream 1158:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 9 23 contain had 1164:1166 arg2 scores 1217:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 lower mouth-coating scores 1197:1222 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 9 23 contain had 1164:1166 arg2 scores 1186:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 1 24 theme membrane 170:177 arg1 treatment 149:157 chemical treatment 140:157 chemical treatment of segment membrane 140:177 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 10 25 theme fat 1307:1309 arg1 replacer 1311:1318 fat replacer 1307:1318 fat replacer 1307:1318 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 10 25 theme fat 1307:1309 arg1 pectin 1232:1237 pectin 1232:1237 pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater 1232:1278 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 9 26 theme higher 1168:1173 arg1 scores 1186:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 2 27 theme extracted 291:299 arg1 pectin 301:306 the extracted pectin 287:306 the extracted pectin from canning wastewater 287:330 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 0 28 theme Canning 19:25 arg1 Wastewater 27:36 Citrus Canning Wastewater 12:36 Citrus Canning Wastewater 12:36 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 4 29 theme reduction 526:534 arg1 influences 508:517 The influences 504:517 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 504:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 5 30 theme pectin 689:694 arg1 solutions 696:704 pectin solutions 689:704 pectin solutions 689:704 The rheological results showed that pectin solutions were typical pseudoplastic fluids. 29673153 6 31 theme ice 767:769 arg1 cream 771:775 ice cream 767:775 ice cream 767:775 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 4 32 theme low-fat 618:624 arg1 cream 630:634 low-fat ice cream 618:634 low-fat ice cream 618:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 0 33 theme Citrus 12:17 arg1 Wastewater 27:36 Citrus Canning Wastewater 12:36 Citrus Canning Wastewater 12:36 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 4 34 theme addition 547:554 arg1 influences 508:517 The influences 504:517 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 504:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 7 35 theme fat 985:987 arg1 content 989:995 45% lower fat content 975:995 45% lower fat content compared to the control 975:1019 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 9 36 theme low-fat 1146:1152 arg1 cream 1158:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 10 37 used used 1299:1302 arg2 replacer 1311:1318 fat replacer 1307:1318 fat replacer 1307:1318 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 10 37 used used 1299:1302 arg2 pectin 1232:1237 pectin 1232:1237 pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater 1232:1278 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 4 38 theme pectin 540:545 arg1 addition 547:554 pectin addition 540:554 pectin addition 540:554 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 10 39 theme food 1378:1381 arg1 industry 1383:1390 the food industry 1374:1390 the food industry 1374:1390 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 4 40 theme cream 630:634 arg1 properties 604:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties 559:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 559:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 4 41 theme ice 626:628 arg1 cream 630:634 low-fat ice cream 618:634 low-fat ice cream 618:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 1 42 theme canned 201:206 arg1 citrus 208:213 canned citrus 201:213 canned citrus in our previous research 201:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 6 43 from increase 790:797 arg1 meltdown 854:861 meltdown 854:861 meltdown of the ice cream 854:878 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 43 from increase 790:797 arg1 overrun 813:819 overrun 813:819 overrun 813:819 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 43 from increase 790:797 arg1 hardness 826:833 hardness 826:833 hardness 826:833 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 6 43 from increase 790:797 arg1 viscosity 802:810 viscosity 802:810 viscosity 802:810 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 5 44 theme typical 711:717 arg1 fluids 733:738 typical pseudoplastic fluids 711:738 typical pseudoplastic fluids 711:738 The rheological results showed that pectin solutions were typical pseudoplastic fluids. 29673153 2 45 theme ice 404:406 arg1 cream 408:412 ice cream 404:412 ice cream 404:412 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 7 46 theme prototype 939:947 arg1 product 949:955 a prototype product 937:955 a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control 937:1019 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 1 47 theme citrus 208:213 arg1 preparation 186:196 preparation 186:196 preparation of canned citrus in our previous research 186:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 0 48 theme Fat 51:53 arg1 Replacer 55:62 Potential Fat Replacer 41:62 Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream 41:75 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 5 49 theme rheological 657:667 arg1 results 669:675 The rheological results 653:675 The rheological results 653:675 The rheological results showed that pectin solutions were typical pseudoplastic fluids. 29673153 0 50 from Replacer 55:62 arg1 Cream 71:75 Ice Cream 67:75 Ice Cream 67:75 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 1 51 from citrus 208:213 arg1 research 231:238 our previous research 218:238 our previous research 218:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 0 52 theme Potential 41:49 arg1 Replacer 55:62 Potential Fat Replacer 41:62 Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream 41:75 Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream. 29673153 4 53 theme fat 522:524 arg1 reduction 526:534 fat reduction 522:534 fat reduction 522:534 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 1 54 from research 231:238 arg1 preparation 186:196 preparation 186:196 preparation of canned citrus in our previous research 186:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 9 55 theme ice 1154:1156 arg1 cream 1158:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream 1142:1162 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 1 56 from preparation 186:196 arg1 research 231:238 our previous research 218:238 our previous research 218:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 6 57 from addition 745:752 arg1 cream 771:775 ice cream 767:775 ice cream 767:775 The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. 29673153 7 58 theme 0.72 886:889 arg1 % 890:890 % 890:890 % 890:890 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 10 59 theme ice 1323:1325 arg1 cream 1327:1331 ice cream 1323:1331 ice cream 1323:1331 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 1 60 theme canning 109:115 arg1 wastewater 117:126 canning wastewater 109:126 canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research 109:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 7 61 theme ice 960:962 arg1 cream 964:968 ice cream 960:968 ice cream 960:968 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 7 62 theme ice 926:928 arg1 cream 930:934 ice cream 926:934 ice cream 926:934 When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. 29673153 2 63 theme canning 313:319 arg1 wastewater 321:330 canning wastewater 313:330 canning wastewater 313:330 The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. 29673153 3 64 theme monosaccharide 419:432 arg1 composition 434:444 monosaccharide composition 419:444 monosaccharide composition 419:444 The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. 29673153 3 65 dep composition 434:444 arg1 The 415:417 The 415:417 The 415:417 The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. 29673153 10 66 from replacer 1311:1318 arg1 cream 1327:1331 ice cream 1323:1331 ice cream 1323:1331 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 1 67 theme previous 222:229 arg1 research 231:238 our previous research 218:238 our previous research 218:238 Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. 29673153 4 68 from influences 508:517 arg1 properties 604:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties 559:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 559:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 29673153 9 69 theme smoothness 1175:1184 arg1 scores 1186:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 higher smoothness scores 1168:1191 The low-fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth-coating scores. 29673153 10 70 theme canning 1261:1267 arg1 wastewater 1269:1278 citrus canning wastewater 1254:1278 citrus canning wastewater 1254:1278 Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry. 29673153 4 71 theme sensory 596:602 arg1 properties 604:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties 559:613 the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream 559:634 The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low-fat ice cream were determined. 31043124 3 0 theme fibrils 481:487 arg1 suspension 489:498 fibrils suspension 481:498 fibrils suspension 481:498 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 7 1 theme human 942:946 arg1 culture 961:967 a human keratinocyte culture 940:967 a human keratinocyte culture 940:967 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 8 2 theme biomedical 1147:1156 arg1 applications 1158:1169 biomedical applications 1147:1169 biomedical applications 1147:1169 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 7 3 theme keratinocyte 948:959 arg1 culture 961:967 a human keratinocyte culture 940:967 a human keratinocyte culture 940:967 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 4 4 theme enhanced 685:692 arg1 flexibility 694:704 enhanced flexibility 685:704 enhanced flexibility 685:704 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 5 theme uptake 720:725 arg1 ability 727:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 8 6 theme dermal 1188:1193 arg1 treatment 1195:1203 dermal treatment 1188:1203 dermal treatment 1188:1203 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 2 7 theme water 383:387 arg1 capacity 400:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 In addition, glycerol was added as a plasticizer to improve the elasticity and water absorption capacity of the film. 31043124 8 8 theme tissue 1211:1216 arg1 regeneration 1218:1229 skin tissue regeneration 1206:1229 skin tissue regeneration 1206:1229 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 8 9 theme skin 1206:1209 arg1 regeneration 1218:1229 skin tissue regeneration 1206:1229 skin tissue regeneration 1206:1229 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 7 10 theme cell 923:926 arg1 study 928:932 A cell study 921:932 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture 921:967 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 7 11 theme cell 991:994 arg1 adhesion 996:1003 enhanced cell adhesion 982:1003 enhanced cell adhesion 982:1003 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 4 12 theme native 641:646 arg1 BC 648:649 native BC 641:649 native BC 641:649 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 6 13 theme cytotoxicity 861:872 arg1 tests 874:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 852:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 852:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that the film was cytocompatible. 31043124 7 14 theme BC/alginate 1067:1077 arg1 film 1079:1082 BC/alginate film 1067:1082 BC/alginate film 1067:1082 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 1 15 from cellulose 158:166 arg1 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC) 98:171 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 15 from cellulose 158:166 arg1 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 15 from cellulose 158:166 arg1 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 3 16 theme alginate 555:562 arg1 supplement 541:550 a supplement 539:550 a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol 539:584 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 8 17 theme wound 1236:1240 arg1 healing 1242:1248 wound healing 1236:1248 wound healing 1236:1248 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 5 18 theme suture 807:812 arg1 strength 822:829 suture pullout strength 807:829 suture pullout strength in a hydrated state 807:849 The film was found to resist tearing under suture pullout strength in a hydrated state. 31043124 1 19 theme eco-friendly 272:283 arg1 technique 293:301 an eco-friendly casting technique 269:301 an eco-friendly casting technique 269:301 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 4 20 theme better 739:744 arg1 biocompatibility 746:761 better biocompatibility 739:761 better biocompatibility 739:761 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 3 21 theme BC 437:438 arg1 pellicles 440:448 BC pellicles 437:448 BC pellicles 437:448 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 2 22 theme film 416:419 arg1 capacity 400:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 In addition, glycerol was added as a plasticizer to improve the elasticity and water absorption capacity of the film. 31043124 2 22 theme film 416:419 arg1 elasticity 368:377 elasticity 368:377 elasticity 368:377 In addition, glycerol was added as a plasticizer to improve the elasticity and water absorption capacity of the film. 31043124 1 23 theme casting 285:291 arg1 technique 293:301 an eco-friendly casting technique 269:301 an eco-friendly casting technique 269:301 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 8 24 from use 1140:1142 arg1 applications 1158:1169 biomedical applications 1147:1169 biomedical applications 1147:1169 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 0 25 theme bacterial 42:50 arg1 cellulose/alginate/gelatin 52:77 novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin 36:77 novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin 36:77 Fabrication and characterization of novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin biocomposite film. 31043124 8 26 contain has 1110:1112 arg1 film 1095:1098 The BCAGG film 1085:1098 The BCAGG film 1085:1098 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 8 26 contain has 1110:1112 arg2 potential 1126:1134 significant potential 1114:1134 significant potential for use in biomedical applications 1114:1169 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 7 27 theme BCAGG 1042:1046 arg1 film 1048:1051 the BCAGG film 1038:1051 the BCAGG film 1038:1051 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 6 28 theme In 852:853 arg1 tests 874:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 852:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests 852:878 In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that the film was cytocompatible. 31043124 0 29 theme novel 36:40 arg1 cellulose/alginate/gelatin 52:77 novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin 36:77 novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin 36:77 Fabrication and characterization of novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin biocomposite film. 31043124 3 30 theme glycerol 577:584 arg1 supplement 541:550 a supplement 539:550 a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol 539:584 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 5 31 theme hydrated 836:843 arg1 state 845:849 a hydrated state 834:849 a hydrated state 834:849 The film was found to resist tearing under suture pullout strength in a hydrated state. 31043124 2 32 theme absorption 389:398 arg1 capacity 400:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 water absorption capacity 383:407 In addition, glycerol was added as a plasticizer to improve the elasticity and water absorption capacity of the film. 31043124 3 33 with films 528:532 arg1 supplement 541:550 a supplement 539:550 a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol 539:584 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 0 34 theme cellulose/alginate/gelatin 52:77 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Fabrication and characterization of novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin biocomposite film. 31043124 0 34 theme cellulose/alginate/gelatin 52:77 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and characterization of novel bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin biocomposite film. 31043124 8 35 theme BCAGG 1089:1093 arg1 film 1095:1098 The BCAGG film 1085:1098 The BCAGG film 1085:1098 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 3 36 theme gelatin 565:571 arg1 supplement 541:550 a supplement 539:550 a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol 539:584 In this study, BC pellicles were simply deconstructed into fibrils suspension and then reconstructed into films with a supplement of alginate, gelatin and glycerol. 31043124 5 37 from strength 822:829 arg1 state 845:849 a hydrated state 834:849 a hydrated state 834:849 The film was found to resist tearing under suture pullout strength in a hydrated state. 31043124 1 38 theme animal 135:140 arg1 BC 169:170 BC 169:170 BC 169:170 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 38 theme animal 135:140 arg1 cellulose 158:166 animal cells-bacterial cellulose 135:166 animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC) 135:171 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 39 from algal 124:128 arg1 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC) 98:171 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 39 from algal 124:128 arg1 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 39 from algal 124:128 arg1 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 6 40 dep In 852:853 arg1 vitro 855:859 vitro 855:859 vitro 855:859 In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that the film was cytocompatible. 31043124 4 41 contain possessed 655:663 arg2 ductility 674:682 improved ductility 665:682 improved ductility 665:682 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 41 contain possessed 655:663 arg2 biocompatibility 746:761 better biocompatibility 739:761 better biocompatibility 739:761 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 41 contain possessed 655:663 arg2 flexibility 694:704 enhanced flexibility 685:704 enhanced flexibility 685:704 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 41 contain possessed 655:663 arg2 ability 727:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 41 contain possessed 655:663 arg1 appearance 600:609 The physical appearance 587:609 The physical appearance of fabricated films 587:629 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 2 42 dep elasticity 368:377 arg1 the 364:366 the 364:366 the 364:366 In addition, glycerol was added as a plasticizer to improve the elasticity and water absorption capacity of the film. 31043124 1 43 theme cells-bacterial 142:156 arg1 BC 169:170 BC 169:170 BC 169:170 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 43 theme cells-bacterial 142:156 arg1 cellulose 158:166 animal cells-bacterial cellulose 135:166 animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC) 135:171 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 5 44 theme pullout 814:820 arg1 strength 822:829 suture pullout strength 807:829 suture pullout strength in a hydrated state 807:849 The film was found to resist tearing under suture pullout strength in a hydrated state. 31043124 7 45 theme enhanced 982:989 arg1 adhesion 996:1003 enhanced cell adhesion 982:1003 enhanced cell adhesion 982:1003 A cell study using a human keratinocyte culture demonstrated enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation on the BCAGG film compared with BC/alginate film. 31043124 4 46 theme higher 707:712 arg1 ability 727:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 1 47 from bacterial 113:121 arg1 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels 98:106 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC) 98:171 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 47 from bacterial 113:121 arg1 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 alginate 174:181 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 47 from bacterial 113:121 arg1 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 gelatin 188:194 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 4 48 theme water 714:718 arg1 ability 727:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 higher water uptake ability 707:733 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 49 theme films 625:629 arg1 appearance 600:609 The physical appearance 587:609 The physical appearance of fabricated films 587:629 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 50 theme fabricated 614:623 arg1 films 625:629 fabricated films 614:629 fabricated films 614:629 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 1 51 theme biocomposite 239:250 arg1 BCAGG 258:262 BCAGG 258:262 BCAGG 258:262 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 1 51 theme biocomposite 239:250 arg1 film 252:255 a biocomposite film 237:255 a biocomposite film (BCAGG) 237:263 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 8 52 theme significant 1114:1124 arg1 potential 1126:1134 significant potential 1114:1134 significant potential for use in biomedical applications 1114:1169 The BCAGG film therefore has significant potential for use in biomedical applications, particularly in dermal treatment, skin tissue regeneration, and wound healing. 31043124 1 53 dep respectively-were 197:213 arg1 combined 215:222 combined 215:222 respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique 197:301 Hydrogels from bacterial, algal, and animal cells-bacterial cellulose (BC), alginate, and gelatin, respectively-were combined to fabricate a biocomposite film (BCAGG) via an eco-friendly casting technique. 31043124 4 54 theme improved 665:672 arg1 ductility 674:682 improved ductility 665:682 improved ductility 665:682 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31043124 4 55 theme physical 591:598 arg1 appearance 600:609 The physical appearance 587:609 The physical appearance of fabricated films 587:629 The physical appearance of fabricated films resembled native BC but possessed improved ductility, enhanced flexibility, higher water uptake ability and better biocompatibility. 31472467 8 0 theme composite 1329:1337 arg1 scaffolds 1339:1347 the HA/CS composite scaffolds 1319:1347 the HA/CS composite scaffolds 1319:1347 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 8 1 theme statistic 1496:1504 arg1 conditions 1518:1527 both statistic and flowing conditions 1491:1527 both statistic and flowing conditions 1491:1527 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 7 2 theme adsorption 1134:1143 arg1 capability 1145:1154 The adsorption capability 1130:1154 The adsorption capability 1130:1154 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 1 3 theme hydroxyapatite 179:192 arg1 minerals 199:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 6 4 theme batch 1035:1039 arg1 processes 1055:1063 both batch and fixed-bed processes 1030:1063 both batch and fixed-bed processes 1030:1063 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 5 theme adsorption 933:942 arg1 kinetics 944:951 The adsorption kinetics 929:951 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes 929:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 2 6 theme X-ray 359:363 arg1 diffraction 365:375 X-ray diffraction 359:375 X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer 359:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 8 7 theme metal 1389:1393 arg1 ions 1395:1398 heavy metal ions 1383:1398 heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes 1383:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 7 8 theme adsorption 1214:1223 arg1 amount 1225:1230 the maximum adsorption amount 1202:1230 the maximum adsorption amount 1202:1230 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 8 9 theme flowing 1510:1516 arg1 conditions 1518:1527 both statistic and flowing conditions 1491:1527 both statistic and flowing conditions 1491:1527 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 5 10 dep 50 843:844 arg1 to 840:841 to 840:841 to 840:841 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 2 11 theme extracted 308:316 arg1 powder 318:323 fish-scale extracted powder 297:323 fish-scale extracted powder 297:323 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 6 12 with scaffolds 972:980 arg1 sizes 1003:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 0 13 theme water 121:125 arg1 treatment 127:135 water treatment 121:135 water treatment 121:135 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 2 14 theme fish-scale 297:306 arg1 powder 318:323 fish-scale extracted powder 297:323 fish-scale extracted powder 297:323 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 3 15 theme raw 490:492 arg1 material 494:501 the raw material 486:501 the raw material 486:501 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 3 15 theme raw 490:492 arg1 powder 463:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 5 16 theme channel 795:801 arg1 sizes 803:807 channel sizes 795:807 channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates 795:912 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 6 17 theme initial 1086:1092 arg1 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 100 and 1000 mg/L 1110:1126 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 17 theme initial 1086:1092 arg1 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 17 theme initial 1086:1092 arg1 concentrations 1094:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations 1070:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L) 1070:1127 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 2 18 theme 5.96 μm 404:410 arg1 size 396:399 mean particle size 382:399 mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer 382:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 7 19 theme maximum 1206:1212 arg1 amount 1225:1230 the maximum adsorption amount 1202:1230 the maximum adsorption amount 1202:1230 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 8 20 theme HA/CS 1323:1327 arg1 scaffolds 1339:1347 the HA/CS composite scaffolds 1319:1347 the HA/CS composite scaffolds 1319:1347 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 4 21 theme Mercury 606:612 arg1 results 626:632 Mercury porosimetry results 606:632 Mercury porosimetry results 606:632 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 3 22 theme calcined 454:461 arg1 material 494:501 the raw material 486:501 the raw material 486:501 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 3 22 theme calcined 454:461 arg1 powder 463:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 0 23 theme scale-extracted 5:19 arg1 composite 45:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 5 24 dep 100 μm 827:832 arg1 to 824:825 to 824:825 to 824:825 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 8 25 theme heavy 1383:1387 arg1 ions 1395:1398 heavy metal ions 1383:1398 heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes 1383:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 7 26 theme fixed 1288:1292 arg1 process 1298:1304 fixed bed process 1288:1304 fixed bed process 1288:1304 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 5 27 theme ℃/min 894:898 arg1 rates 908:912 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates 880:912 rates 908:912 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 0 28 theme Fish 0:3 arg1 composite 45:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 7 29 dep tuning 1173:1178 arg1 rates 1192:1196 the cooling rates 1180:1196 tuning the cooling rates 1173:1196 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 3 30 theme freeze 572:577 arg1 casting 579:585 freeze casting 572:585 freeze casting 572:585 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 8 31 from water 1411:1415 arg1 ions 1395:1398 heavy metal ions 1383:1398 heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes 1383:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 2 32 theme particle 387:394 arg1 size 396:399 mean particle size 382:399 mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer 382:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 3 33 theme composite 549:557 arg1 scaffolds 559:567 composite scaffolds 549:567 composite scaffolds 549:567 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 2 34 theme size 435:438 arg1 analyzer 440:447 particle size analyzer 426:447 particle size analyzer 426:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 0 35 theme hydroxyapatite/chitosan 21:43 arg1 composite 45:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite 0:53 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 6 36 theme channel 995:1001 arg1 sizes 1003:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 4 37 theme porosimetry 614:624 arg1 results 626:632 Mercury porosimetry results 606:632 Mercury porosimetry results 606:632 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 3 38 used utilized 474:481 arg2 powder 463:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder 450:468 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 3 38 used utilized 474:481 arg2 material 494:501 the raw material 486:501 the raw material 486:501 The calcined powder was utilized as the raw material and combined with chitosan (CS) to synthesize composite scaffolds by freeze casting and cross-linking. 31472467 2 39 theme particle 426:433 arg1 analyzer 440:447 particle size analyzer 426:447 particle size analyzer 426:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 6 40 theme varying 987:993 arg1 sizes 1003:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 varying channel sizes 987:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 5 41 theme unidirectional 756:769 arg1 structures 779:788 unidirectional channel structures 756:788 unidirectional channel structures 756:788 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 4 42 contain possessed 660:668 arg1 scaffolds 650:658 the scaffolds 646:658 the scaffolds 646:658 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 4 42 contain possessed 660:668 arg2 structure 690:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 8 43 theme waste 1405:1409 arg1 water 1411:1415 waste water 1405:1415 waste water 1405:1415 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 5 44 theme cooling 900:906 arg1 rates 908:912 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates 880:912 rates 908:912 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 6 45 theme Pb 1080:1081 arg1 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 100 and 1000 mg/L 1110:1126 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 45 theme Pb 1080:1081 arg1 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 45 theme Pb 1080:1081 arg1 concentrations 1094:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations 1070:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L) 1070:1127 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 4 46 theme porous 683:688 arg1 structure 690:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 5 47 theme channel 771:777 arg1 structures 779:788 unidirectional channel structures 756:788 unidirectional channel structures 756:788 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 8 48 from sizes 1443:1447 arg1 ions 1395:1398 heavy metal ions 1383:1398 heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes 1383:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 6 49 theme different 1070:1078 arg1 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 100 and 1000 mg/L 1110:1126 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 49 theme different 1070:1078 arg1 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 49 theme different 1070:1078 arg1 concentrations 1094:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations 1070:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L) 1070:1127 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 0 50 theme freeze 79:84 arg1 strategy 108:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy 79:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment 79:135 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 6 51 theme scaffolds 972:980 arg1 kinetics 944:951 The adsorption kinetics 929:951 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes 929:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 5 52 theme Microstructural 701:715 arg1 features 717:724 Microstructural features 701:724 Microstructural features characterized by SEM 701:745 Microstructural features characterized by SEM revealed unidirectional channel structures with channel sizes ranged from 10 to 100 μm and 1 to 50 μm for scaffolds freeze-casted at 2 ℃/min and 5 ℃/min cooling rates, respectively. 31472467 7 53 theme bed 1294:1296 arg1 process 1298:1304 fixed bed process 1288:1304 fixed bed process 1288:1304 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 6 54 theme composite 962:970 arg1 scaffolds 972:980 HA/CS composite scaffolds 956:980 HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes 956:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 2 55 with diffraction 365:375 arg1 size 396:399 mean particle size 382:399 mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer 382:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 0 56 dep scaffolds 55:63 arg1 fabricated 65:74 fabricated 65:74 scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment 55:135 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 6 57 theme HA/CS 956:960 arg1 scaffolds 972:980 HA/CS composite scaffolds 956:980 HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes 956:1007 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 8 58 theme suitable 1469:1476 arg1 fields 1478:1483 suitable fields 1469:1483 suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions 1469:1527 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 8 59 theme tunable 1427:1433 arg1 sizes 1443:1447 their tunable channel sizes 1421:1447 their tunable channel sizes 1421:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 1 60 theme Tilapia 238:244 arg1 fish 246:249 Tilapia fish 238:249 Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) 238:275 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 1 60 theme Tilapia 238:244 arg1 mossambicus 264:274 Oreochromis mossambicus 252:274 Oreochromis mossambicus 252:274 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 7 61 from 75-570 mg/g 1244:1254 arg1 94 mg/g 1277:1283 94 mg/g 1277:1283 94 mg/g 1277:1283 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 7 61 from 75-570 mg/g 1244:1254 arg1 process 1265:1271 batch process 1259:1271 batch process 1259:1271 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 8 62 theme channel 1435:1441 arg1 sizes 1443:1447 their tunable channel sizes 1421:1447 their tunable channel sizes 1421:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 1 63 theme low-cost 153:160 arg1 minerals 199:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 1 64 theme fish 246:249 arg1 scales 228:233 scales 228:233 scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) 228:275 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 0 65 theme innovative 97:106 arg1 strategy 108:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy 79:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment 79:135 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 8 66 dep showed 1349:1354 arg1 applied 1458:1464 applied 1458:1464 showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions 1349:1527 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 8 67 theme great 1356:1360 arg1 capability 1362:1371 great capability 1356:1371 great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes 1356:1447 In summary, the HA/CS composite scaffolds showed great capability to remove heavy metal ions from waste water and their tunable channel sizes could be applied in suitable fields under both statistic and flowing conditions. 31472467 6 68 theme П 1083:1083 arg1 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 100 and 1000 mg/L 1110:1126 1000 mg/L 1118:1126 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 68 theme П 1083:1083 arg1 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 100 1110:1112 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 6 68 theme П 1083:1083 arg1 concentrations 1094:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations 1070:1107 different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L) 1070:1127 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 2 69 theme mean 382:385 arg1 size 396:399 mean particle size 382:399 mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer 382:447 After calcination, fish-scale extracted powder was further confirmed to be HA by X-ray diffraction with mean particle size of 5.96 μm determined by particle size analyzer. 31472467 4 70 theme hierarchical 670:681 arg1 structure 690:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 hierarchical porous structure 670:698 Mercury porosimetry results showed that the scaffolds possessed hierarchical porous structure. 31472467 6 71 theme fixed-bed 1045:1053 arg1 processes 1055:1063 both batch and fixed-bed processes 1030:1063 both batch and fixed-bed processes 1030:1063 The adsorption kinetics of HA/CS composite scaffolds with varying channel sizes were investigated by both batch and fixed-bed processes with different Pb(П) initial concentrations (100 and 1000 mg/L). 31472467 0 72 theme casting-An 86:95 arg1 strategy 108:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy 79:115 freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment 79:135 Fish scale-extracted hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite scaffolds fabricated by freeze casting-An innovative strategy for water treatment. 31472467 7 73 theme cooling 1184:1190 arg1 rates 1192:1196 the cooling rates 1180:1196 tuning the cooling rates 1173:1196 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 1 74 theme eco-friendly 166:177 arg1 minerals 199:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals 153:206 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 7 75 theme batch 1259:1263 arg1 process 1265:1271 batch process 1259:1271 batch process 1259:1271 The adsorption capability was optimized by tuning the cooling rates and the maximum adsorption amount could reach 75-570 mg/g in batch process and 94 mg/g in fixed bed process. 31472467 1 76 theme Oreochromis 252:262 arg1 fish 246:249 Tilapia fish 238:249 Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) 238:275 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 31472467 1 76 theme Oreochromis 252:262 arg1 mossambicus 264:274 Oreochromis mossambicus 252:274 Oreochromis mossambicus 252:274 In this study, low-cost and eco-friendly hydroxyapatite (HA) minerals were extracted from scales of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). 30009909 5 0 theme as-prepared 873:883 arg1 products 885:892 the as-prepared products 869:892 the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound 869:948 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 10 1 theme antimicrobial 1631:1643 arg1 efficiency 1645:1654 antimicrobial efficiency 1631:1654 antimicrobial efficiency 1631:1654 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 5 2 theme products 885:892 arg1 properties 855:864 Photocatalytic properties 840:864 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound 840:948 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 8 3 theme present 1360:1366 arg1 pairs 1386:1390 the electron-hole pairs 1368:1390 present the electron-hole pairs 1360:1390 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 3 4 theme CeO2 616:619 arg1 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 4 theme CeO2 616:619 arg1 sizes 607:611 The mean crystallite sizes 586:611 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 586:662 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 1 5 theme chemical 321:328 arg1 manner 330:335 chemical manner 321:335 chemical manner 321:335 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 0 6 theme herbicide 121:129 arg1 compound 131:138 toxic herbicide compound 115:138 toxic herbicide compound 115:138 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 7 7 theme possible 1118:1125 arg1 mechanism 1127:1135 the possible mechanism 1114:1135 the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat 1114:1178 Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat was proposed. 30009909 0 8 theme toxic 115:119 arg1 compound 131:138 toxic herbicide compound 115:138 toxic herbicide compound 115:138 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 8 9 theme photocatalyst 1198:1210 arg1 form 1225:1228 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form 1194:1228 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product 1194:1252 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 7 10 theme degradation 1155:1165 arg1 mechanism 1127:1135 the possible mechanism 1114:1135 the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat 1114:1178 Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat was proposed. 30009909 5 11 theme UV 973:974 arg1 irradiation 982:992 UV light irradiation 973:992 UV light irradiation 973:992 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 5 12 theme Photocatalytic 840:853 arg1 properties 855:864 Photocatalytic properties 840:864 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound 840:948 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 0 13 dep performances 195:206 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 13 dep performances 195:206 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 13 dep performances 195:206 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 8 14 theme band 1329:1332 arg1 gap 1334:1336 the band gap 1325:1336 the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs 1325:1390 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 2 15 theme X-ray 485:489 arg1 analysis 503:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 0 16 theme compound 131:138 arg1 photo-degradation 94:110 photo-degradation 94:110 photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound 94:138 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 3 17 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 637:662 arg1 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 17 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 637:662 arg1 sizes 607:611 The mean crystallite sizes 586:611 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 586:662 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 18 theme crystallite 595:605 arg1 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 18 theme crystallite 595:605 arg1 sizes 607:611 The mean crystallite sizes 586:611 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 586:662 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 1 19 theme Heterostructured 209:224 arg1 composites 237:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites 209:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites 209:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 3 20 theme Sb2S3-CeO2 622:631 arg1 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 20 theme Sb2S3-CeO2 622:631 arg1 sizes 607:611 The mean crystallite sizes 586:611 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 586:662 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 10 21 theme good 1612:1615 arg1 efficiency 1617:1626 good efficiency 1612:1626 good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2 1612:1687 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 1 22 theme Sb2S3-CeO2 226:235 arg1 composites 237:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites 209:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites 209:246 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 10 23 from efficiency 1617:1626 arg1 efficiency 1645:1654 antimicrobial efficiency 1631:1654 antimicrobial efficiency 1631:1654 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 5 24 theme light 976:980 arg1 irradiation 982:992 UV light irradiation 973:992 UV light irradiation 973:992 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 2 25 theme area 466:469 arg1 measurements 471:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 26 theme X-ray 531:535 arg1 spectrometer 537:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 9 27 theme photo-degradation 1464:1480 arg1 process 1482:1488 photo-degradation process 1464:1488 photo-degradation process 1464:1488 The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. 30009909 8 28 theme product 1345:1351 arg1 gap 1334:1336 the band gap 1325:1336 the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs 1325:1390 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 instruments 384:394 various instruments 376:394 various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 376:583 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 microscopy 423:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 spectrometer 537:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 analysis 503:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 spectroscopy 572:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 29 theme various 376:382 arg1 measurements 471:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 10 30 theme nanocomposites 1563:1576 arg1 property 1524:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property 1491:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites 1491:1576 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 2 31 theme energy 513:518 arg1 spectrometer 537:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 32 theme dispersive 520:529 arg1 spectrometer 537:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer 513:548 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 0 33 theme Optical 141:147 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 33 theme Optical 141:147 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 33 theme Optical 141:147 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 4 34 theme CeO2 733:736 arg1 gaps 725:728 The energy band gaps 709:728 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 709:779 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 34 theme CeO2 733:736 arg1 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 35 theme Sb2S3-CeO2 739:748 arg1 gaps 725:728 The energy band gaps 709:728 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 709:779 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 35 theme Sb2S3-CeO2 739:748 arg1 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 0 36 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 34:59 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 36 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 34:59 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 36 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 34:59 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 37 theme photo-reusable 150:163 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 37 theme photo-reusable 150:163 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 37 theme photo-reusable 150:163 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 5 38 theme toxic 927:931 arg1 compound 941:948 a toxic organic compound 925:948 a toxic organic compound 925:948 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 1 39 theme chitosan-starch 266:280 arg1 nanocomposites 282:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 0 40 theme heterojunction 66:79 arg1 catalyst 81:88 a heterojunction catalyst 64:88 a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound 64:138 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 5 41 theme room 997:1000 arg1 temperature 1002:1012 room temperature 997:1012 room temperature 997:1012 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 5 42 theme Paraquat 913:920 arg1 degradation 898:908 degradation 898:908 degradation of Paraquat 898:920 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 10 43 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 1536:1561 arg1 nanocomposites 1563:1576 Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites 1536:1576 Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites 1536:1576 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 10 44 theme fungicidal 1513:1522 arg1 property 1524:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property 1491:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites 1491:1576 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 2 45 theme electron 414:421 arg1 microscopy 423:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 2 46 theme UV-Vis 554:559 arg1 spectroscopy 572:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 6 47 theme photocatalytic 1076:1089 arg1 performance 1091:1101 high photocatalytic performance 1071:1101 high photocatalytic performance 1071:1101 The Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch exhibited high photocatalytic performance. 30009909 0 48 theme antibacterial 166:178 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 48 theme antibacterial 166:178 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 48 theme antibacterial 166:178 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 9 49 theme optimum 1397:1403 arg1 pH 1430:1431 pH 1430:1431 pH 1430:1431 The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. 30009909 9 49 theme optimum 1397:1403 arg1 effects 1405:1411 The optimum effects 1393:1411 The optimum effects such as time and pH 1393:1431 The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. 30009909 9 49 theme optimum 1397:1403 arg1 time 1421:1424 time 1421:1424 time 1421:1424 The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. 30009909 8 50 theme due 1353:1355 arg1 product 1345:1351 the product 1341:1351 the product due to present the electron-hole pairs 1341:1390 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 2 51 theme scanning 405:412 arg1 microscopy 423:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 scanning electron microscopy 405:432 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 6 52 theme high 1071:1074 arg1 performance 1091:1101 high photocatalytic performance 1071:1101 high photocatalytic performance 1071:1101 The Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch exhibited high photocatalytic performance. 30009909 8 53 theme degradation 1282:1292 arg1 process 1294:1300 the degradation process 1278:1300 the degradation process 1278:1300 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 1 54 from Sb2S3-CeO2 252:261 arg1 nanocomposites 282:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 4 55 theme band 720:723 arg1 gaps 725:728 The energy band gaps 709:728 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 709:779 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 55 theme band 720:723 arg1 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 0 56 theme antifungal 184:193 arg1 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 characterization 14:29 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 56 theme antifungal 184:193 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 0 56 theme antifungal 184:193 arg1 performances 195:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances 141:206 Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances. 30009909 7 57 theme photocatalytic 1140:1153 arg1 degradation 1155:1165 photocatalytic degradation 1140:1165 photocatalytic degradation 1140:1165 Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat was proposed. 30009909 3 58 theme mean 590:593 arg1 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 25.12 668:672 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 3 58 theme mean 590:593 arg1 sizes 607:611 The mean crystallite sizes 586:611 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 586:662 The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. 30009909 4 59 theme energy 713:718 arg1 gaps 725:728 The energy band gaps 709:728 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 709:779 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 59 theme energy 713:718 arg1 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 2 60 theme diffraction 491:501 arg1 analysis 503:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 X-ray diffraction analysis 485:510 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 1 61 from composites 237:246 arg1 nanocomposites 282:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 chitosan-starch nanocomposites 266:295 Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. 30009909 2 62 theme surface 458:464 arg1 measurements 471:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 4 63 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 754:779 arg1 gaps 725:728 The energy band gaps 709:728 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 709:779 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 4 63 theme Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch 754:779 arg1 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 3.01 801:804 The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. 30009909 2 64 theme absorption 561:570 arg1 spectroscopy 572:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy 554:583 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 30009909 8 65 theme electron-hole 1372:1384 arg1 pairs 1386:1390 the electron-hole pairs 1368:1390 present the electron-hole pairs 1360:1390 The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. 30009909 5 66 theme organic 933:939 arg1 compound 941:948 a toxic organic compound 925:948 a toxic organic compound 925:948 Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. 30009909 10 67 theme antibacterial 1495:1507 arg1 property 1524:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property 1491:1531 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites 1491:1576 The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2. 30009909 2 68 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 435:456 arg1 measurements 471:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements 435:482 The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. 29758310 0 0 theme antibacterial 100:112 arg1 activity 114:121 their potential antibacterial activity 84:121 their potential antibacterial activity 84:121 Chemical synthesis and characterization of chitosan/silver nanocomposites films and their potential antibacterial activity. 29758310 1 1 theme functional 183:192 arg1 films 230:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films 183:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 183:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 8 2 theme skin 1516:1519 arg1 infections 1521:1530 hospital-acquired skin infections 1498:1530 hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA 1498:1545 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 0 3 theme potential 90:98 arg1 activity 114:121 their potential antibacterial activity 84:121 their potential antibacterial activity 84:121 Chemical synthesis and characterization of chitosan/silver nanocomposites films and their potential antibacterial activity. 29758310 3 4 theme essential 724:732 arg1 part 734:737 the essential part 720:737 the essential part of the study 720:750 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 4 theme essential 724:732 arg1 Utilization 511:521 Utilization 511:521 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 511:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 5 5 theme ATCC 938:941 arg1 strains 943:949 ATCC strains 938:949 ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 938:1037 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 2 6 theme In-situ 393:399 arg1 method 410:415 In-situ chemical method 393:415 In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) 393:476 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 5 7 theme isolated 1054:1061 arg1 strains 1063:1069 clinically isolated strains 1043:1069 clinically isolated strains of MRSA 1043:1077 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 8 8 theme antibiotic 1460:1469 arg1 resistance 1471:1480 the emerging antibiotic resistance 1447:1480 the emerging antibiotic resistance 1447:1480 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 4 9 theme CSN 798:800 arg1 films 802:806 the CSN films 794:806 the CSN films 794:806 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films was examined by AAS and was found pH dependent. 29758310 3 10 theme CSN 600:602 arg1 assessment 647:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment 608:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 608:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 10 theme CSN 600:602 arg1 optimization 584:595 the optimization 580:595 the optimization of CSN 580:602 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 1 11 theme low 300:302 arg1 concentration 327:339 very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 295:339 very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 295:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 7 12 theme results 1263:1269 arg1 analysis 1247:1254 Statistical analysis 1235:1254 Statistical analysis of the results 1235:1269 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 2 13 theme chemical 401:408 arg1 method 410:415 In-situ chemical method 393:415 In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) 393:476 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 1 14 theme silver 304:309 arg1 AgNO3 320:324 AgNO3 320:324 AgNO3 320:324 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 1 14 theme silver 304:309 arg1 nitrate 311:317 silver nitrate 304:317 very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 295:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 3 15 theme SigmaPlot 566:574 arg1 part 734:737 the essential part 720:737 the essential part of the study 720:750 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 15 theme SigmaPlot 566:574 arg1 Utilization 511:521 Utilization 511:521 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 511:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 5 16 theme strong 900:905 arg1 activity 921:928 strong antibacterial activity 900:928 strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA 900:1077 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 1 17 theme silver 203:208 arg1 films 230:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films 183:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 183:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 3 18 theme study 746:750 arg1 part 734:737 the essential part 720:737 the essential part of the study 720:750 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 18 theme study 746:750 arg1 Utilization 511:521 Utilization 511:521 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 511:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 7 19 theme Statistical 1235:1245 arg1 analysis 1247:1254 Statistical analysis 1235:1254 Statistical analysis of the results 1235:1269 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 5 20 dep Gram-positive 954:966 arg1 Gram-negative 991:1003 Gram-negative 991:1003 Gram-negative 991:1003 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 6 21 theme available 1155:1163 arg1 Bactigras® 1189:1198 Bactigras® 1189:1198 Bactigras® 1189:1198 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 21 theme available 1155:1163 arg1 dressings 1165:1173 three commercially available dressings 1136:1173 three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) 1136:1215 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 21 theme available 1155:1163 arg1 Ag® 1184:1186 Ag® 1184:1186 Ag® 1184:1186 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 21 theme available 1155:1163 arg1 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 1 22 theme nanocomposite 210:222 arg1 films 230:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films 183:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 183:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 2 23 theme nano‑silver 351:361 arg1 composites 363:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites 342:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites 342:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 2 24 theme reducing 431:438 arg1 ability 440:446 the reducing ability 427:446 the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) 427:476 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 0 25 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 synthesis 9:17 Chemical synthesis 0:17 Chemical synthesis 0:17 Chemical synthesis and characterization of chitosan/silver nanocomposites films and their potential antibacterial activity. 29758310 1 26 theme nitrate 311:317 arg1 concentration 327:339 very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 295:339 very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 295:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 2 27 theme Chitosan 342:349 arg1 composites 363:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites 342:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites 342:372 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 7 28 theme commercial 1351:1360 arg1 products 1362:1369 commercial products 1351:1369 commercial products 1351:1369 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 1 29 theme CSN 225:227 arg1 films 230:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films 183:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 183:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 8 30 theme emerging 1451:1458 arg1 resistance 1471:1480 the emerging antibiotic resistance 1447:1480 the emerging antibiotic resistance 1447:1480 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 5 31 theme bacteria 1005:1012 arg1 strains 1063:1069 clinically isolated strains 1043:1069 clinically isolated strains of MRSA 1043:1077 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 5 31 theme bacteria 1005:1012 arg1 strains 943:949 ATCC strains 938:949 ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 938:1037 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 5 32 theme MRSA 1074:1077 arg1 strains 1063:1069 clinically isolated strains 1043:1069 clinically isolated strains of MRSA 1043:1077 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 5 32 theme MRSA 1074:1077 arg1 strains 943:949 ATCC strains 938:949 ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 938:1037 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 4 33 theme silver 768:773 arg1 ions 775:778 The cumulative silver ions 753:778 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films 753:806 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films was examined by AAS and was found pH dependent. 29758310 1 34 theme chitosan 194:201 arg1 films 230:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films 183:234 functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 183:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 8 35 theme potential 1415:1423 arg1 films 1396:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 8 35 theme potential 1415:1423 arg1 candidate 1425:1433 a potential candidate 1413:1433 a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA 1413:1545 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 0 36 theme chitosan/silver 43:57 arg1 characterization 23:38 characterization 23:38 characterization 23:38 Chemical synthesis and characterization of chitosan/silver nanocomposites films and their potential antibacterial activity. 29758310 0 36 theme chitosan/silver 43:57 arg1 synthesis 9:17 Chemical synthesis 0:17 Chemical synthesis 0:17 Chemical synthesis and characterization of chitosan/silver nanocomposites films and their potential antibacterial activity. 29758310 5 37 theme Gram-positive 954:966 arg1 bacteria 1005:1012 Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria 954:1012 Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 954:1037 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 5 38 theme developed 860:868 arg1 films 884:888 The developed nanocomposite films 856:888 The developed nanocomposite films 856:888 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 3 39 theme efficacy 638:645 arg1 assessment 647:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment 608:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 608:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 40 dep assessment 647:656 arg1 standard 693:700 standard 693:700 standard 693:700 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 40 dep assessment 647:656 arg1 clinical 706:713 clinical 706:713 clinical 706:713 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 2 41 theme borohydride 458:468 arg1 ability 440:446 the reducing ability 427:446 the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) 427:476 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 1 42 with films 230:234 arg1 efficacy 265:272 promising antibacterial efficacy 241:272 promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 241:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 3 43 theme strains 684:690 arg1 assessment 647:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment 608:656 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 608:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 43 theme strains 684:690 arg1 optimization 584:595 the optimization 580:595 the optimization of CSN 580:602 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 5 44 theme nanocomposite 870:882 arg1 films 884:888 The developed nanocomposite films 856:888 The developed nanocomposite films 856:888 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 2 45 theme sodium 451:456 arg1 borohydride 458:468 sodium borohydride 451:468 sodium borohydride (NaBH4) 451:476 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 2 45 theme sodium 451:456 arg1 NaBH4 471:475 NaBH4 471:475 NaBH4 471:475 Chitosan nano‑silver composites were fabricated by In-situ chemical method utilizing the reducing ability of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and afterward casted into films. 29758310 6 46 theme activity 1098:1105 arg1 films 1111:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 3 47 theme predicted 614:622 arg1 efficacy 638:645 their predicted antibacterial efficacy 608:645 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 608:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 48 theme surface 535:541 arg1 methodology 543:553 response surface methodology 526:553 response surface methodology 526:553 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 4 49 attach released 780:787 arg1 films 802:806 the CSN films 794:806 the CSN films 794:806 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films was examined by AAS and was found pH dependent. 29758310 4 49 attach released 780:787 arg2 ions 775:778 The cumulative silver ions 753:778 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films 753:806 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films was examined by AAS and was found pH dependent. 29758310 8 50 theme fabricated 1381:1390 arg1 films 1396:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 8 50 theme fabricated 1381:1390 arg1 candidate 1425:1433 a potential candidate 1413:1433 a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA 1413:1545 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 3 51 theme antibacterial 624:636 arg1 efficacy 638:645 their predicted antibacterial efficacy 608:645 their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 608:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 52 theme NCSS 556:559 arg1 part 734:737 the essential part 720:737 the essential part of the study 720:750 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 52 theme NCSS 556:559 arg1 Utilization 511:521 Utilization 511:521 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 511:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 53 theme methodology 543:553 arg1 part 734:737 the essential part 720:737 the essential part of the study 720:750 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 53 theme methodology 543:553 arg1 Utilization 511:521 Utilization 511:521 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) 511:714 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 3 54 theme selected 665:672 arg1 strains 684:690 the selected bacterial strains 661:690 the selected bacterial strains 661:690 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 1 55 theme optimum 148:154 arg1 parameters 168:177 the optimum preparation parameters 144:177 the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 144:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 5 56 theme antibacterial 907:919 arg1 activity 921:928 strong antibacterial activity 900:928 strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA 900:1077 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 1 57 theme antibacterial 251:263 arg1 efficacy 265:272 promising antibacterial efficacy 241:272 promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 241:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 6 58 theme Quench 1221:1226 arg1 cream 1228:1232 Quench cream 1221:1232 Quench cream 1221:1232 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 3 59 theme bacterial 674:682 arg1 strains 684:690 the selected bacterial strains 661:690 the selected bacterial strains 661:690 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 1 60 theme preparation 156:166 arg1 parameters 168:177 the optimum preparation parameters 144:177 the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 144:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 8 61 theme CSN 1392:1394 arg1 films 1396:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 the fabricated CSN films 1377:1400 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 8 61 theme CSN 1392:1394 arg1 candidate 1425:1433 a potential candidate 1413:1433 a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA 1413:1545 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 4 62 theme cumulative 757:766 arg1 ions 775:778 The cumulative silver ions 753:778 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films 753:806 The cumulative silver ions released from the CSN films was examined by AAS and was found pH dependent. 29758310 1 63 theme promising 241:249 arg1 efficacy 265:272 promising antibacterial efficacy 241:272 promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration 241:339 This study provides the optimum preparation parameters for functional chitosan silver nanocomposite (CSN) films with promising antibacterial efficacy though prepared with very low silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration. 29758310 8 64 theme hospital-acquired 1498:1514 arg1 infections 1521:1530 hospital-acquired skin infections 1498:1530 hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA 1498:1545 Thus the fabricated CSN films may act as a potential candidate to overcome the emerging antibiotic resistance particularly in hospital-acquired skin infections caused by MRSA. 29758310 5 65 dep bacteria 1005:1012 arg1 aeruginosa 1027:1036 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1015:1036 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1015:1036 The developed nanocomposite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against ATCC strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and clinically isolated strains of MRSA. 29758310 3 66 theme response 526:533 arg1 methodology 543:553 response surface methodology 526:553 response surface methodology 526:553 Utilization of response surface methodology, NCSS, and SigmaPlot for the optimization of CSN and their predicted antibacterial efficacy assessment of the selected bacterial strains (standard and clinical) was the essential part of the study. 29758310 6 67 dep dressings 1165:1173 arg1 Bactigras® 1189:1198 Bactigras® 1189:1198 Bactigras® 1189:1198 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 67 dep dressings 1165:1173 arg1 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 Kaltostat® 1205:1214 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 67 dep dressings 1165:1173 arg1 Ag® 1184:1186 Ag® 1184:1186 Ag® 1184:1186 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 6 67 dep dressings 1165:1173 arg1 dressings 1165:1173 three commercially available dressings 1136:1173 three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) 1136:1215 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 7 68 theme developed 1290:1298 arg1 films 1304:1308 the developed CSN films 1286:1308 the developed CSN films 1286:1308 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 7 68 theme developed 1290:1298 arg1 effective 1336:1344 effective 1336:1344 effective 1336:1344 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 6 69 theme antibacterial 1084:1096 arg1 films 1111:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 29758310 7 70 theme CSN 1300:1302 arg1 films 1304:1308 the developed CSN films 1286:1308 the developed CSN films 1286:1308 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 7 70 theme CSN 1300:1302 arg1 effective 1336:1344 effective 1336:1344 effective 1336:1344 Statistical analysis of the results indicated that the developed CSN films were equally or even more effective than commercial products. 29758310 6 71 theme CSN 1107:1109 arg1 films 1111:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films 1080:1115 The antibacterial activity CSN films were compared with three commercially available dressings (Aquacel Ag®, Bactigras®, and Kaltostat®) and Quench cream. 30201562 5 0 theme Fourier-transform 812:828 arg1 spectrometry 839:850 Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry 812:850 Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry 812:850 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 1 1 theme biocompatible 357:369 arg1 fibers 375:380 biocompatible PCL fibers 357:380 biocompatible PCL fibers 357:380 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 7 2 theme cell 1184:1187 arg1 adhesion 1189:1196 the cell adhesion 1180:1196 the cell adhesion 1180:1196 This alginate degradation increased the ratio of PCL in composite fibers, so the cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation were improved. 30201562 7 3 theme alginate 1108:1115 arg1 degradation 1117:1127 This alginate degradation 1103:1127 This alginate degradation 1103:1127 This alginate degradation increased the ratio of PCL in composite fibers, so the cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation were improved. 30201562 1 4 theme alginate 278:285 arg1 fibers 287:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 0 5 theme in 102:103 arg1 efficiency 123:132 in situ transfection efficiency 102:132 in situ transfection efficiency 102:132 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 0 6 from immobilization 5:18 arg1 fibers 49:54 alginate/polycaprolactone fibers 23:54 alginate/polycaprolactone fibers 23:54 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 10 7 theme suitable 1471:1478 arg1 microenvironment 1480:1495 a suitable microenvironment 1469:1495 a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth 1469:1513 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 1 8 theme cell 406:409 arg1 adhesion 411:418 cell adhesion 406:418 cell adhesion 406:418 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 3 9 theme labeling 573:580 arg1 experiments 582:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments 561:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments 561:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 10 10 theme dynamic 1427:1433 arg1 system 1444:1449 This dynamic scaffold system 1422:1449 This dynamic scaffold system 1422:1449 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 0 11 theme transfection 110:121 arg1 efficiency 123:132 in situ transfection efficiency 102:132 in situ transfection efficiency 102:132 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 6 12 theme degradation 1048:1058 arg1 rates 1060:1064 thus the degradation rates 1039:1064 thus the degradation rates 1039:1064 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 5 13 theme water 788:792 arg1 angle 802:806 water contact angle 788:806 water contact angle 788:806 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 8 14 theme gene 1311:1314 arg1 delivery 1316:1323 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1292:1323 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1292:1323 Finally, these DCEF-treated fibers were used for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 30201562 5 15 theme contact 794:800 arg1 angle 802:806 water contact angle 788:806 water contact angle 788:806 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 0 16 theme Gene 0:3 arg1 immobilization 5:18 Gene immobilization 0:18 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition 0:89 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 8 17 theme substrate-mediated 1292:1309 arg1 delivery 1316:1323 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1292:1323 substrate-mediated gene delivery 1292:1323 Finally, these DCEF-treated fibers were used for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 30201562 5 18 theme infrared 830:837 arg1 spectrometry 839:850 Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry 812:850 Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry 812:850 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 10 19 theme cell 1501:1504 arg1 ingrowth 1506:1513 cell ingrowth 1501:1513 cell ingrowth 1501:1513 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 1 20 theme composite 214:222 arg1 nanofibers 224:233 composite nanofibers 214:233 composite nanofibers 214:233 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 1 20 theme composite 214:222 arg1 Alginate 156:163 Alginate 156:163 Alginate 156:163 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 1 20 theme composite 214:222 arg1 polycaprolactone 169:184 polycaprolactone 169:184 polycaprolactone 169:184 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 1 21 theme PCL 371:373 arg1 fibers 375:380 biocompatible PCL fibers 357:380 biocompatible PCL fibers 357:380 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 7 22 theme composite 1159:1167 arg1 fibers 1169:1174 composite fibers 1159:1174 composite fibers 1159:1174 This alginate degradation increased the ratio of PCL in composite fibers, so the cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation were improved. 30201562 0 23 dep in 102:103 arg1 situ 105:108 situ 105:108 situ 105:108 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 0 24 theme alginate/polycaprolactone 23:47 arg1 fibers 49:54 alginate/polycaprolactone fibers 23:54 alginate/polycaprolactone fibers 23:54 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 5 25 theme degraded 879:886 arg1 component 888:896 the degraded component 875:896 the degraded component 875:896 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 5 25 theme degraded 879:886 arg1 alginate 909:916 alginate 909:916 alginate 909:916 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 8 26 theme DCEF-treated 1258:1269 arg1 fibers 1271:1276 these DCEF-treated fibers 1252:1276 these DCEF-treated fibers 1252:1276 Finally, these DCEF-treated fibers were used for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 30201562 10 27 theme gene 1534:1537 arg1 immobilization 1539:1552 gene immobilization 1534:1552 gene immobilization 1534:1552 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 2 28 theme direct-current 453:466 arg1 field 477:481 direct-current electric field 453:481 direct-current electric field (DCEF) 453:488 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 2 28 theme direct-current 453:466 arg1 DCEF 484:487 DCEF 484:487 DCEF 484:487 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 1 29 theme polyethyleneimine 314:330 arg1 polyplexes 342:351 polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes 314:351 polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes 314:351 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 7 30 theme PCL 1152:1154 arg1 ratio 1143:1147 the ratio 1139:1147 the ratio of PCL in composite fibers 1139:1174 This alginate degradation increased the ratio of PCL in composite fibers, so the cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation were improved. 30201562 1 31 used used 299:302 arg2 fibers 287:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 6 32 theme calcium 989:995 arg1 ions 997:1000 calcium ions 989:1000 calcium ions 989:1000 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 1 33 theme in 239:240 arg1 transfection 247:258 in situ transfection 239:258 in situ transfection 239:258 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 5 34 theme spectrometry 839:850 arg1 results 852:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results 784:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results 784:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 3 35 theme gene 691:694 arg1 immobilization 696:709 gene immobilization 691:709 gene immobilization 691:709 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 2 36 theme gene 432:435 arg1 immobilization 437:450 gene immobilization 432:450 gene immobilization 432:450 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 7 37 from ratio 1143:1147 arg1 fibers 1169:1174 composite fibers 1159:1174 composite fibers 1159:1174 This alginate degradation increased the ratio of PCL in composite fibers, so the cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation were improved. 30201562 3 38 theme saturation 670:679 arg1 levels 681:686 the saturation levels 666:686 the saturation levels of gene immobilization 666:709 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 2 39 theme electric 468:475 arg1 field 477:481 direct-current electric field 453:481 direct-current electric field (DCEF) 453:488 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 2 39 theme electric 468:475 arg1 DCEF 484:487 DCEF 484:487 DCEF 484:487 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 6 40 theme alginates 1017:1025 arg1 fibers 1027:1032 alginates fibers 1017:1032 alginates fibers 1017:1032 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 8 41 used used 1283:1286 arg2 fibers 1271:1276 these DCEF-treated fibers 1252:1276 these DCEF-treated fibers 1252:1276 Finally, these DCEF-treated fibers were used for substrate-mediated gene delivery. 30201562 6 42 theme DCEF 941:944 arg1 treatment 946:954 the DCEF treatment 937:954 the DCEF treatment 937:954 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 0 43 theme electrophoretic 64:78 arg1 deposition 80:89 electrophoretic deposition 64:89 electrophoretic deposition 64:89 Gene immobilization on alginate/polycaprolactone fibers through electrophoretic deposition to promote in situ transfection efficiency and biocompatibility. 30201562 1 44 theme /DNA 337:340 arg1 polyplexes 342:351 polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes 314:351 polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes 314:351 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 2 45 from nanofibers 538:547 arg1 cathode 552:558 cathode 552:558 cathode 552:558 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 10 46 theme therapeutic 1594:1604 arg1 effect 1606:1611 its therapeutic effect 1590:1611 its therapeutic effect 1590:1611 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 9 47 theme transfection 1330:1341 arg1 efficiency 1343:1352 The transfection efficiency 1326:1352 The transfection efficiency 1326:1352 The transfection efficiency highly increased with DCEF when the voltages were lower than 1.5 V. 30201562 4 48 theme nanofibers 772:781 arg1 degradation 757:767 the degradation 753:767 the degradation of nanofibers 753:781 Interestingly, these DCEF also increased the degradation of nanofibers. 30201562 3 49 theme Fluorescent 561:571 arg1 experiments 582:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments 561:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments 561:592 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 3 50 theme immobilization 696:709 arg1 levels 681:686 the saturation levels 666:686 the saturation levels of gene immobilization 666:709 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 5 51 theme angle 802:806 arg1 results 852:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results 784:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results 784:858 The water contact angle and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry results indicated that the degraded component was mainly alginate. 30201562 10 52 theme tissue 1617:1622 arg1 regeneration 1624:1635 tissue regeneration 1617:1635 tissue regeneration 1617:1635 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 6 53 theme applied 1085:1091 arg1 voltages 1093:1100 the applied voltages 1081:1100 the applied voltages 1081:1100 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 2 54 theme cationic 511:518 arg1 polyplexes 520:529 cationic polyplexes 511:529 cationic polyplexes 511:529 To improve gene immobilization, direct-current electric field (DCEF) was applied to guide cationic polyplexes toward nanofibers on cathode. 30201562 6 55 theme ions 997:1000 arg1 electrophoresis 970:984 the electrophoresis 966:984 the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers 966:1032 It suggested that the DCEF treatment may cause the electrophoresis of calcium ions to destabilize alginates fibers, and thus the degradation rates increased with the applied voltages. 30201562 1 56 dep in 239:240 arg1 situ 242:245 situ 242:245 situ 242:245 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 30201562 10 57 theme scaffold 1435:1442 arg1 system 1444:1449 This dynamic scaffold system 1422:1449 This dynamic scaffold system 1422:1449 This dynamic scaffold system not only provided a suitable microenvironment for cell ingrowth, but also improved gene immobilization and transfection, and thus promised its therapeutic effect for tissue regeneration. 30201562 3 58 theme applied 613:619 arg1 DCEF 621:624 the applied DCEF 609:624 the applied DCEF 609:624 Fluorescent labeling experiments suggested that the applied DCEF not only accelerated but also increased the saturation levels of gene immobilization. 30201562 1 59 theme anionic 270:276 arg1 fibers 287:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 anionic alginate fibers 270:292 Alginate and polycaprolactone (PCL) were coelectrospun as composite nanofibers for in situ transfection, in which anionic alginate fibers were used to adsorb polyethyleneimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes and biocompatible PCL fibers were applied to promote cell adhesion. 31071421 0 0 theme nanomicellar 77:88 arg1 composites 90:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites 57:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 57:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 4 1 theme Biotek 958:963 arg1 Neo2 973:976 the Biotek Synergy Neo2 954:976 the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50 954:1001 Biofilm quantification was performed through the measure of the fluorescence intensity, using the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50. 31071421 6 2 theme % 1272:1272 arg1 reduction 1240:1248 average biofilm reduction 1224:1248 average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% 1224:1272 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 3 3 used used 777:780 arg2 assay 767:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 1 4 theme resistance 260:269 arg1 spectrum 238:245 broad spectrum 232:245 broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) 232:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 0 5 theme oxide 71:75 arg1 composites 90:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites 57:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 57:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 5 6 theme cytotoxicity 1097:1108 arg1 assay 1110:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 To generate the LD50, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay was implemented. 31071421 1 7 with chitosan 183:190 arg1 CZNPs 222:226 CZNPs 222:226 CZNPs 222:226 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 1 7 with chitosan 183:190 arg1 nanomicelles 208:219 zinc oxide nanomicelles 197:219 zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) 197:227 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 1 8 theme chitosan 183:190 arg1 effectiveness 166:178 The synergistic effectiveness 150:178 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) 150:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 2 9 dep Enterococcus 495:506 arg1 faecium 508:514 faecium 508:514 faecium 508:514 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 1 10 theme therapeutic 344:354 arg1 TI 363:364 TI 363:364 TI 363:364 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 1 10 theme therapeutic 344:354 arg1 index 356:360 the therapeutic index 340:360 the therapeutic index (TI) 340:365 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 3 11 theme 3D 836:837 arg1 microscopy 848:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 4 12 theme fluorescence 924:935 arg1 intensity 937:945 the fluorescence intensity 920:945 the fluorescence intensity 920:945 Biofilm quantification was performed through the measure of the fluorescence intensity, using the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50. 31071421 0 13 theme composites 90:99 arg1 index 25:29 the therapeutic index 9:29 the therapeutic index 9:29 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 0 13 theme composites 90:99 arg1 effect 47:52 synergistic effect 35:52 synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 35:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 1 14 theme index 356:360 arg1 elucidation 325:335 elucidation 325:335 elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) 325:365 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 2 15 theme cytotoxic 549:557 arg1 dose 438:441 the effective dose 424:441 the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 424:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 15 theme cytotoxic 549:557 arg1 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 15 theme cytotoxic 549:557 arg1 dose 559:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose 531:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells 531:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 15 theme cytotoxic 549:557 arg1 functions 620:628 functions 620:628 functions of TI 620:634 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 16 theme epithelial 600:609 arg1 cells 611:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 0 17 theme bacterial 120:128 arg1 inhibition 138:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 5 18 theme -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium 1058:1081 arg1 assay 1110:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 To generate the LD50, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay was implemented. 31071421 2 19 theme small 583:587 arg1 cells 611:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 1 20 from effectiveness 166:178 arg1 spectrum 238:245 broad spectrum 232:245 broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) 232:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 7 21 theme nanotherapeutic 1515:1529 arg1 agent 1531:1535 a promising nanotherapeutic agent 1503:1535 a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone 1503:1581 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 0 22 theme drug-resistant 105:118 arg1 inhibition 138:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 5 23 theme bromide 1083:1089 arg1 assay 1110:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay 1026:1114 To generate the LD50, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay was implemented. 31071421 2 24 theme rat 579:581 arg1 cells 611:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 7 25 theme promising 1505:1513 arg1 agent 1531:1535 a promising nanotherapeutic agent 1503:1535 a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone 1503:1581 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 1 26 theme zinc 197:200 arg1 oxide 202:206 zinc oxide 197:206 zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) 197:227 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 6 27 dep 24 h 1277:1280 arg1 TI = 1.2062 1325:1335 TI = 1.2062 1325:1335 TI = 1.2062 1325:1335 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 6 27 dep 24 h 1277:1280 arg1 LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL 1304:1322 LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL 1304:1322 LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL 1304:1322 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 6 27 dep 24 h 1277:1280 arg1 ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL 1283:1301 ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL 1283:1301 ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL 1283:1301 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 2 28 theme CZNPs 462:466 arg1 dose 438:441 the effective dose 424:441 the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 424:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 28 theme CZNPs 462:466 arg1 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 28 theme CZNPs 462:466 arg1 dose 559:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose 531:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells 531:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 28 theme CZNPs 462:466 arg1 functions 620:628 functions 620:628 functions of TI 620:634 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 28 theme CZNPs 462:466 arg1 ED50 444:447 ED50 444:447 ED50 444:447 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 6 29 theme Quantification 1133:1146 arg1 results 1148:1154 Quantification results 1133:1154 Quantification results 1133:1154 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 1 30 theme oxide 202:206 arg1 CZNPs 222:226 CZNPs 222:226 CZNPs 222:226 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 1 30 theme oxide 202:206 arg1 nanomicelles 208:219 zinc oxide nanomicelles 197:219 zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) 197:227 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 3 31 theme CZNPs 704:708 arg1 effects 684:690 the mechanistic effects 668:690 the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction 668:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 7 32 theme micellar 1419:1426 arg1 CZNPs 1428:1432 micellar CZNPs 1419:1432 micellar CZNPs 1419:1432 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 6 33 theme biofilm 1232:1238 arg1 reduction 1240:1248 average biofilm reduction 1224:1248 average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% 1224:1272 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 7 34 from agent 1531:1535 arg1 comparison 1540:1549 comparison 1540:1549 comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone 1540:1581 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 0 35 theme therapeutic 13:23 arg1 index 25:29 the therapeutic index 9:29 the therapeutic index 9:29 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 6 36 theme same 1173:1176 arg1 concentration 1178:1190 the same concentration 1169:1190 the same concentration (200 µg/mL) 1169:1202 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 6 36 theme same 1173:1176 arg1 200 µg/mL 1193:1201 200 µg/mL 1193:1201 200 µg/mL 1193:1201 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 2 37 theme 1449 516:519 arg1 model 521:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 38 theme intestinal 589:598 arg1 cells 611:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 rat small intestinal epithelial cells 579:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 6 39 contain had 1220:1222 arg1 CZNPs 1214:1218 micellar CZNPs 1205:1218 micellar CZNPs 1205:1218 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 6 39 contain had 1220:1222 arg2 reduction 1240:1248 average biofilm reduction 1224:1248 average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% 1224:1272 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 2 40 theme in 394:395 arg1 assessment 403:412 This in vitro assessment 389:412 This in vitro assessment 389:412 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 3 41 from effects 684:690 arg1 reduction 736:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 0 42 theme biofilm 130:136 arg1 inhibition 138:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 105:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 3 43 theme micellar 695:702 arg1 CZNPs 704:708 micellar CZNPs 695:708 micellar CZNPs 695:708 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 2 44 theme Enterococcus 495:506 arg1 model 521:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 1 45 theme safe 371:374 arg1 use 384:386 safe in vivo use 371:386 safe in vivo use 371:386 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 3 46 theme mechanistic 672:682 arg1 effects 684:690 the mechanistic effects 668:690 the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction 668:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 6 47 theme micellar 1205:1212 arg1 CZNPs 1214:1218 micellar CZNPs 1205:1218 micellar CZNPs 1205:1218 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 4 48 theme Synergy 965:971 arg1 Neo2 973:976 the Biotek Synergy Neo2 954:976 the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50 954:1001 Biofilm quantification was performed through the measure of the fluorescence intensity, using the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50. 31071421 3 49 theme size 731:734 arg1 reduction 736:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 2 50 theme MDR 491:493 arg1 model 521:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 487:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 3 51 theme LIVE/DEAD 747:755 arg1 assay 767:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 3 52 theme viability 757:765 arg1 assay 767:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 LIVE/DEAD viability assay 747:771 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 3 53 dep determine 658:666 arg1 to 646:647 to 646:647 to 646:647 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 2 54 theme corresponding 535:547 arg1 dose 438:441 the effective dose 424:441 the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 424:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 54 theme corresponding 535:547 arg1 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 LD50 565:568 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 54 theme corresponding 535:547 arg1 dose 559:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose 531:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells 531:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 54 theme corresponding 535:547 arg1 functions 620:628 functions 620:628 functions of TI 620:634 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 55 dep in 394:395 arg1 vitro 397:401 vitro 397:401 vitro 397:401 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 0 56 theme synergistic 35:45 arg1 effect 47:52 synergistic effect 35:52 synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 35:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 3 57 theme bacterial 713:721 arg1 reduction 736:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 2 58 theme effective 428:436 arg1 dose 438:441 the effective dose 424:441 the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 424:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 58 theme effective 428:436 arg1 dose 559:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose 531:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells 531:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 58 theme effective 428:436 arg1 functions 620:628 functions 620:628 functions of TI 620:634 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 58 theme effective 428:436 arg1 ED50 444:447 ED50 444:447 ED50 444:447 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 6 59 theme average 1224:1230 arg1 reduction 1240:1248 average biofilm reduction 1224:1248 average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% 1224:1272 Quantification results revealed, at the same concentration (200 µg/mL), micellar CZNPs had average biofilm reduction of approximately 50.22% at 24 h (ED50 = 199.13 µg/mL, LD50 = 240.20 µg/mL, TI = 1.2062), compared to chitosan (15.66%) and ZnO (13.94%) alone. 31071421 3 60 theme fluorescence 811:822 arg1 imaging 824:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 3 61 theme biofilm 723:729 arg1 reduction 736:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 bacterial biofilm size reduction 713:744 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 7 62 theme bacterial 1441:1449 arg1 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 7 62 theme bacterial 1441:1449 arg1 biofilms 1451:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms 1437:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI 1437:1493 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 7 63 theme MDR 1437:1439 arg1 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 7 63 theme MDR 1437:1439 arg1 biofilms 1451:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms 1437:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI 1437:1493 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 3 64 with conjunction 785:795 arg1 imaging 824:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 3 64 with conjunction 785:795 arg1 microscopy 848:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 7 65 from ED50 1411:1414 arg1 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 199.13 µg/mL 1461:1472 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 7 65 from ED50 1411:1414 arg1 biofilms 1451:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms 1437:1458 MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI 1437:1493 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 1 66 theme broad 232:236 arg1 spectrum 238:245 broad spectrum 232:245 broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) 232:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 2 67 theme model 521:525 arg1 eradication 472:482 eradication 472:482 eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 472:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 7 68 theme CZNPs 1428:1432 arg1 ED50 1411:1414 the ED50 1407:1414 the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI 1407:1493 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 2 69 theme TI 633:634 arg1 dose 438:441 the effective dose 424:441 the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 424:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 69 theme TI 633:634 arg1 dose 559:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose 531:562 the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells 531:615 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 2 69 theme TI 633:634 arg1 functions 620:628 functions 620:628 functions of TI 620:634 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 0 70 theme Chitosan-zinc 57:69 arg1 composites 90:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites 57:99 Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition 57:147 Study on the therapeutic index and synergistic effect of Chitosan-zinc oxide nanomicellar composites for drug-resistant bacterial biofilm inhibition. 31071421 4 71 theme intensity 937:945 arg1 measure 909:915 the measure 905:915 the measure of the fluorescence intensity 905:945 Biofilm quantification was performed through the measure of the fluorescence intensity, using the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50. 31071421 1 72 theme synergistic 154:164 arg1 effectiveness 166:178 The synergistic effectiveness 150:178 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) 150:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 3 73 theme advanced 802:809 arg1 imaging 824:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 advanced fluorescence imaging 802:830 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 7 74 theme TI 1492:1493 arg1 function 1480:1487 a function 1478:1487 a function of TI 1478:1493 Conclusively, the ED50 of micellar CZNPs on MDR bacterial biofilms (199.13 µg/mL) as a function of TI reveals a promising nanotherapeutic agent in comparison to either Chitosan or ZnO alone. 31071421 2 75 theme micellar 453:460 arg1 CZNPs 462:466 micellar CZNPs 453:466 micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model 453:525 This in vitro assessment estimated the effective dose (ED50) of micellar CZNPs for eradication of the MDR Enterococcus faecium 1449 model and the corresponding cytotoxic dose (LD50) against rat small intestinal epithelial cells as functions of TI. 31071421 1 76 theme multidrug 250:258 arg1 MDR 272:274 MDR 272:274 MDR 272:274 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 1 76 theme multidrug 250:258 arg1 resistance 260:269 multidrug resistance 250:269 multidrug resistance (MDR) 250:275 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 4 77 theme Biofilm 860:866 arg1 quantification 868:881 Biofilm quantification 860:881 Biofilm quantification 860:881 Biofilm quantification was performed through the measure of the fluorescence intensity, using the Biotek Synergy Neo2 for calculating the ED50. 31071421 1 78 dep in 376:377 arg1 vivo 379:382 vivo 379:382 vivo 379:382 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 31071421 3 79 theme confocal 839:846 arg1 microscopy 848:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 3D confocal microscopy 836:857 In order to visually determine the mechanistic effects of micellar CZNPs on bacterial biofilm size reduction, LIVE/DEAD viability assay was used in conjunction with advanced fluorescence imaging and 3D confocal microscopy. 31071421 1 80 dep safe 371:374 arg1 in 376:377 in 376:377 in 376:377 The synergistic effectiveness of chitosan with zinc oxide nanomicelles (CZNPs) on broad spectrum of multidrug resistance (MDR) was previously evidenced in our labs, requiring elucidation of the therapeutic index (TI) for safe in vivo use. 30528253 3 0 theme field 776:780 arg1 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 0 theme field 776:780 arg1 microscopy 809:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy 772:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 772:826 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 8 1 theme rain 1705:1708 arg1 analysis 1693:1700 the analysis 1689:1700 the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples 1689:1745 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 1 2 theme pollutants 291:300 arg1 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 258:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 0 3 theme water 89:93 arg1 samples 95:101 environmental water samples 75:101 environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent 75:171 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 3 4 theme thermogravimetric 738:754 arg1 analysis 756:763 the thermogravimetric analysis 734:763 the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 734:769 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 4 theme thermogravimetric 738:754 arg1 TGA 766:768 TGA 766:768 TGA 766:768 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 7 5 theme detection 1548:1556 arg1 limits 1515:1520 The limits 1511:1520 The limits of the quantification and detection 1511:1556 The limits of the quantification and detection were 2.0-10.0 and 0.6-3.0 ng/mL, respectively. 30528253 7 5 theme detection 1548:1556 arg1 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 The limits of the quantification and detection were 2.0-10.0 and 0.6-3.0 ng/mL, respectively. 30528253 0 6 theme magnetic 109:116 arg1 composite 150:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 0 6 theme magnetic 109:116 arg1 sorbent 165:171 a sorbent 163:171 a sorbent 163:171 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 5 7 theme flame 1169:1173 arg1 FID 1197:1199 FID 1197:1199 FID 1197:1199 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 5 7 theme flame 1169:1173 arg1 detection 1186:1194 the flame ionization detection 1165:1194 the flame ionization detection (FID) 1165:1200 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 6 8 theme extraction 1322:1331 arg1 conditions 1333:1342 the optimized extraction conditions 1308:1342 the optimized extraction conditions 1308:1342 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 3 9 theme magnetic 604:611 arg1 nano-composite 613:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite 595:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite 595:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 8 10 theme well 1711:1714 arg1 analysis 1693:1700 the analysis 1689:1700 the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples 1689:1745 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 7 11 dep quantification 1529:1542 arg1 the 1525:1527 the 1525:1527 the 1525:1527 The limits of the quantification and detection were 2.0-10.0 and 0.6-3.0 ng/mL, respectively. 30528253 2 12 theme oxide 573:577 arg1 nano-particles 579:592 the iron oxide nano-particles 564:592 the iron oxide nano-particles 564:592 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 3 13 theme electron 800:807 arg1 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 13 theme electron 800:807 arg1 microscopy 809:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy 772:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 772:826 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 6 14 theme optimized 1312:1320 arg1 conditions 1333:1342 the optimized extraction conditions 1308:1342 the optimized extraction conditions 1308:1342 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 8 15 theme water 1733:1737 arg1 samples 1739:1745 agricultural water samples 1720:1745 agricultural water samples 1720:1745 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 1 16 theme aqueous 311:317 arg1 solutions 319:327 the aqueous solutions 307:327 the aqueous solutions 307:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 2 17 theme iron 568:571 arg1 nano-particles 579:592 the iron oxide nano-particles 564:592 the iron oxide nano-particles 564:592 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 8 18 used utilized 1676:1683 arg2 method 1651:1656 method 1651:1656 method 1651:1656 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 8 18 used utilized 1676:1683 arg2 sorbent 1639:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 4 19 theme extract 892:898 arg1 hydrocarbons 926:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 892:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene 892:1084 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 19 theme extract 892:898 arg1 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 2 20 theme oxidized 433:440 arg1 nano-tube 449:457 oxidized carbon nano-tube 433:457 oxidized carbon nano-tube 433:457 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 2 21 theme nano-tube 449:457 arg1 reaction 421:428 the reaction 417:428 the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin 417:475 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 0 22 theme β-cyclodextrin-carbon 118:138 arg1 composite 150:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 0 22 theme β-cyclodextrin-carbon 118:138 arg1 sorbent 165:171 a sorbent 163:171 a sorbent 163:171 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 3 23 theme emission 782:789 arg1 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 23 theme emission 782:789 arg1 microscopy 809:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy 772:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 772:826 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 5 24 theme predominant 1211:1221 arg1 parameters 1223:1232 the predominant parameters 1207:1232 the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency 1207:1270 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 2 25 theme hydrazine 500:508 arg1 hydrate 510:516 the hydrazine hydrate 496:516 the hydrazine hydrate 496:516 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 0 26 theme nano-tube 140:148 arg1 composite 150:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite 109:158 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 0 26 theme nano-tube 140:148 arg1 sorbent 165:171 a sorbent 163:171 a sorbent 163:171 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 0 27 theme phase 12:16 arg1 extraction 18:27 Micro-solid phase extraction 0:27 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 0:172 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 3 28 theme scanning 791:798 arg1 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 FESEM 821:825 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 28 theme scanning 791:798 arg1 microscopy 809:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy 772:818 the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 772:826 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 1 29 from solutions 319:327 arg1 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 258:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 1 29 from solutions 319:327 arg1 pollutants 291:300 the organic pollutants 279:300 the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 279:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 2 30 theme multiwalled 360:370 arg1 composite 389:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 8 31 theme samples 1739:1745 arg1 analysis 1693:1700 the analysis 1689:1700 the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples 1689:1745 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 1 32 theme excellent 213:221 arg1 capability 223:232 the excellent capability 209:232 the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 209:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 0 33 theme Micro-solid 0:10 arg1 extraction 18:27 Micro-solid phase extraction 0:27 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 0:172 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 2 34 theme β-cyclodextrin- 344:358 arg1 composite 389:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 3 35 dep Fourier 682:688 arg1 transform 690:698 transform 690:698 transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) 690:859 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 6 36 theme enrichment 1349:1358 arg1 factor 1360:1365 the enrichment factor 1345:1365 the enrichment factor (EF) 1345:1370 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 6 36 theme enrichment 1349:1358 arg1 EF 1368:1369 EF 1368:1369 EF 1368:1369 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 4 37 theme aromatic 917:924 arg1 hydrocarbons 926:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 892:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene 892:1084 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 37 theme aromatic 917:924 arg1 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 38 theme polycyclic 906:915 arg1 hydrocarbons 926:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 892:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene 892:1084 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 38 theme polycyclic 906:915 arg1 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 39 theme water 969:973 arg1 samples 975:981 the environmental water samples 951:981 the environmental water samples 951:981 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 0 40 from samples 95:101 arg1 extraction 18:27 Micro-solid phase extraction 0:27 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 0:172 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 0 41 theme polycyclic 37:46 arg1 hydrocarbons 57:68 some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 32:68 some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 32:68 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 8 42 theme agricultural 1720:1731 arg1 samples 1739:1745 agricultural water samples 1720:1745 agricultural water samples 1720:1745 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 3 43 dep spectroscopy 709:720 arg1 ATR-FTIR 723:730 ATR-FTIR 723:730 ATR-FTIR 723:730 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 44 theme reflectance 670:680 arg1 Fourier 682:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier 649:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) 649:859 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 7 45 theme quantification 1529:1542 arg1 limits 1515:1520 The limits 1511:1520 The limits of the quantification and detection 1511:1556 The limits of the quantification and detection were 2.0-10.0 and 0.6-3.0 ng/mL, respectively. 30528253 7 45 theme quantification 1529:1542 arg1 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 2.0-10.0 1563:1570 The limits of the quantification and detection were 2.0-10.0 and 0.6-3.0 ng/mL, respectively. 30528253 1 46 theme cyclodextrins 241:253 arg1 capability 223:232 the excellent capability 209:232 the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 209:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 6 47 theme suitable 1424:1431 arg1 linearity 1433:1441 a suitable linearity 1422:1441 a suitable linearity 1422:1441 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 3 48 theme X-ray 837:841 arg1 XRD 856:858 XRD 856:858 XRD 856:858 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 3 48 theme X-ray 837:841 arg1 diffraction 843:853 the X-ray diffraction 833:853 the X-ray diffraction (XRD) 833:859 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 9 49 theme PAHs 1846:1849 arg1 extraction 1851:1860 PAHs extraction 1846:1860 PAHs extraction 1846:1860 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 4 50 from samples 975:981 arg1 hydrocarbons 926:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 892:937 extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene 892:1084 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 50 from samples 975:981 arg1 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 PAHs 940:943 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 9 51 theme acceptable 1810:1819 arg1 % 1839:1839 5.5-8.3% 1832:1839 5.5-8.3% 1832:1839 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 9 51 theme acceptable 1810:1819 arg1 precision 1821:1829 an acceptable precision 1807:1829 an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction 1807:1860 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 0 52 theme hydrocarbons 57:68 arg1 extraction 18:27 Micro-solid phase extraction 0:27 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 0:172 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 pyrene 1060:1065 pyrene 1060:1065 pyrene 1060:1065 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 fluorene 1022:1029 fluorene 1022:1029 fluorene 1022:1029 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 phenanthrene 1032:1043 phenanthrene 1032:1043 phenanthrene 1032:1043 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 benzo[a 1071:1077 benzo[a]pyrene 1071:1084 benzo[a]pyrene 1071:1084 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 naphthalene 995:1005 naphthalene 995:1005 naphthalene 995:1005 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 acenaphthene 1008:1019 acenaphthene 1008:1019 acenaphthene 1008:1019 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 4 53 dep follows 986:992 arg1 fluoranthene 1046:1057 fluoranthene 1046:1057 fluoranthene 1046:1057 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 6 54 dep obtained 1447:1454 arg1 R2 = 0.992-0.997 1457:1472 R2 = 0.992-0.997 1457:1472 R2 = 0.992-0.997 1457:1472 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 5 55 theme gas 1129:1131 arg1 GC 1149:1150 GC 1149:1150 GC 1149:1150 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 5 55 theme gas 1129:1131 arg1 chromatography 1133:1146 the gas chromatography 1125:1146 the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID) 1125:1200 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 3 56 theme attenuated 653:662 arg1 Fourier 682:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier 649:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) 649:859 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 4 57 theme environmental 955:967 arg1 samples 975:981 the environmental water samples 951:981 the environmental water samples 951:981 This composite was applied to extract seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the environmental water samples as follows: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. 30528253 0 58 theme aromatic 48:55 arg1 hydrocarbons 57:68 some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 32:68 some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 32:68 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 9 59 theme relative 1752:1759 arg1 recoveries 1761:1770 The relative recoveries 1748:1770 The relative recoveries 1748:1770 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 2 60 theme hydrate 510:516 arg1 presence 484:491 the presence 480:491 the presence of the hydrazine hydrate 480:516 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 3 61 theme total 664:668 arg1 Fourier 682:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier 649:688 the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) 649:859 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 5 62 theme ionization 1175:1184 arg1 FID 1197:1199 FID 1197:1199 FID 1197:1199 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 5 62 theme ionization 1175:1184 arg1 detection 1186:1194 the flame ionization detection 1165:1194 the flame ionization detection (FID) 1165:1200 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 6 63 dep 49.3 1397:1400 arg1 to 1394:1395 to 1394:1395 to 1394:1395 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 1 64 from pre-concentration 258:274 arg1 solutions 319:327 the aqueous solutions 307:327 the aqueous solutions 307:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 5 65 theme Analytes 1087:1094 arg1 analysis 1096:1103 Analytes analysis 1087:1103 Analytes analysis 1087:1103 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 2 66 theme nano-tube 379:387 arg1 composite 389:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 5 67 theme extraction 1250:1259 arg1 efficiency 1261:1270 the extraction efficiency 1246:1270 the extraction efficiency 1246:1270 Analytes analysis was performed using the gas chromatography (GC) followed by the flame ionization detection (FID), and the predominant parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated thoroughly. 30528253 3 68 theme Prepared 595:602 arg1 nano-composite 613:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite 595:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite 595:626 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 2 69 with reaction 421:428 arg1 cyclodextrin 464:475 cyclodextrin 464:475 cyclodextrin 464:475 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 9 70 with % 1800:1800 arg1 % 1839:1839 5.5-8.3% 1832:1839 5.5-8.3% 1832:1839 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 9 70 with % 1800:1800 arg1 precision 1821:1829 an acceptable precision 1807:1829 an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction 1807:1860 The relative recoveries were ranging from 75.3-107.0% with an acceptable precision (5.5-8.3%) for PAHs extraction. 30528253 2 71 theme carbon 372:377 arg1 composite 389:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite 344:397 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 6 72 theme 2.0-1000 ng/mL 1495:1508 arg1 range 1486:1490 the range 1482:1490 the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL 1482:1508 Under the optimized extraction conditions, the enrichment factor (EF) was ranging from 41.3 to 49.3 (EFmax = 50.0), and a suitable linearity was obtained (R2 = 0.992-0.997) within the range of 2.0-1000 ng/mL. 30528253 8 73 theme synthesized 1618:1628 arg1 sorbent 1639:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 0 74 theme environmental 75:87 arg1 samples 95:101 environmental water samples 75:101 environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent 75:171 Micro-solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples using magnetic β-cyclodextrin-carbon nano-tube composite as a sorbent. 30528253 1 75 from capability 223:232 arg1 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration 258:274 pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 258:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 2 76 theme carbon 442:447 arg1 nano-tube 449:457 oxidized carbon nano-tube 433:457 oxidized carbon nano-tube 433:457 In this work, β-cyclodextrin- multiwalled carbon nano-tube composite was produced from the reaction of oxidized carbon nano-tube with cyclodextrin in the presence of the hydrazine hydrate, and subsequently attaching this composite to the iron oxide nano-particles. 30528253 8 77 theme magnetic 1630:1637 arg1 sorbent 1639:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 the synthesized magnetic sorbent 1614:1645 Finally, the synthesized magnetic sorbent and method were successfully utilized for the analysis of rain, well and agricultural water samples. 30528253 3 78 theme infrared 700:707 arg1 spectroscopy 709:720 infrared spectroscopy 700:720 infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) 700:731 Prepared magnetic nano-composite was characterized by the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). 30528253 1 79 theme Previous 174:181 arg1 studies 183:189 Previous studies 174:189 Previous studies 174:189 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 30528253 1 80 theme organic 283:289 arg1 pollutants 291:300 the organic pollutants 279:300 the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions 279:327 Previous studies have demonstrated the excellent capability of the cyclodextrins in pre-concentration of the organic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 alcohol 644:650 polyvinyl alcohol 634:650 polyvinyl alcohol 634:650 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 mucoadhesion 686:697 mucoadhesion 686:697 mucoadhesion (chitosan) 686:708 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 morphology 622:631 morphology 622:631 morphology (polyvinyl alcohol) 622:651 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 aerosolization 654:667 aerosolization 654:667 aerosolization (l-leucine) 654:679 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 l-leucine 670:678 l-leucine 670:678 l-leucine 670:678 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 0 from effects 611:617 arg1 chitosan 700:707 chitosan 700:707 chitosan 700:707 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 3 1 with consistent 965:974 arg1 release 1008:1014 the therapeutically useful release 981:1014 the therapeutically useful release of budesonide 981:1028 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 2 theme physicochemical 261:275 arg1 characterization 277:292 physicochemical characterization 261:292 physicochemical characterization 261:292 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 2 3 theme polyvinyl 634:642 arg1 alcohol 644:650 polyvinyl alcohol 634:650 polyvinyl alcohol 634:650 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 3 theme polyvinyl 634:642 arg1 morphology 622:631 morphology 622:631 morphology (polyvinyl alcohol) 622:651 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 3 4 theme formulations 744:755 arg1 composition 729:739 the composition 725:739 the composition of formulations 725:755 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 5 theme useful 1001:1006 arg1 release 1008:1014 the therapeutically useful release 981:1014 the therapeutically useful release of budesonide 981:1028 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 6 theme simulated-lung-fluid 930:949 arg1 data 951:954 simulated-lung-fluid data 930:954 simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide 930:1028 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 7 theme spray-drying 390:401 arg1 microparticles 437:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 8 theme particulate 177:187 arg1 component 189:197 the particulate component 173:197 the particulate component of inhaler formulations 173:221 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 9 theme engineered 403:412 arg1 microparticles 437:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 10 theme component 189:197 arg1 morphology 132:141 morphology 132:141 morphology 132:141 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 10 theme component 189:197 arg1 size 126:129 particle size 117:129 particle size 117:129 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 10 theme component 189:197 arg1 behavior 161:168 mucoadhesion behavior 148:168 mucoadhesion behavior 148:168 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 11 dep preparation 248:258 arg1 the 244:246 the 244:246 the 244:246 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 0 12 theme Pulmonary 33:41 arg1 Delivery 43:50 Pulmonary Delivery 33:50 Pulmonary Delivery 33:50 Polymer-Lipid Microparticles for Pulmonary Delivery. 29486562 1 13 theme preliminary 299:309 arg1 evaluation 320:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 3 14 dep in 794:795 arg1 vitro 797:801 vitro 797:801 vitro 797:801 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 15 theme inhaler 202:208 arg1 formulations 210:221 inhaler formulations 202:221 inhaler formulations 202:221 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 16 theme in 311:312 arg1 evaluation 320:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 17 theme " 413:413 arg1 microparticles 437:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 18 theme particle 117:124 arg1 size 126:129 particle size 117:129 particle size 117:129 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 19 theme formulations 210:221 arg1 component 189:197 the particulate component 173:197 the particulate component of inhaler formulations 173:221 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 2 20 theme lung 508:511 arg1 dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 525:554 dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 525:554 dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 525:554 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 2 20 theme lung 508:511 arg1 surfactant 513:522 a lung surfactant 506:522 a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) 506:555 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 3 21 theme morphology 764:773 arg1 profiles 816:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 22 theme α-lactose 415:423 arg1 microparticles 437:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 3 23 from effect 715:720 arg1 profiles 816:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 24 theme in 794:795 arg1 mucoadhesion 803:814 in vitro mucoadhesion 794:814 in vitro mucoadhesion 794:814 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 25 theme Calu-3 850:855 arg1 monolayers 862:871 "Calu-3 cell monolayers 849:871 "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility 849:914 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 26 theme monohydrate 425:435 arg1 microparticles 437:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 389:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 3 27 theme distribution 776:787 arg1 profiles 816:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 28 theme composition 729:739 arg1 effect 715:720 The effect 711:720 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 711:823 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 29 theme multicomponent 334:347 arg1 systems 363:369 multicomponent polymer-lipid systems 334:369 multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 334:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 30 theme systems 363:369 arg1 preparation 248:258 preparation 248:258 preparation 248:258 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 30 theme systems 363:369 arg1 characterization 277:292 physicochemical characterization 261:292 physicochemical characterization 261:292 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 30 theme systems 363:369 arg1 evaluation 320:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 preliminary in vitro evaluation 299:329 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 31 theme polymer-lipid 349:361 arg1 systems 363:369 multicomponent polymer-lipid systems 334:369 multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles 334:450 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 2 32 theme desirable 601:609 arg1 effects 611:617 their desirable effects 595:617 their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan) 595:708 The formulations combine an active (budesonide) with a lung surfactant (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and with materials that are known for their desirable effects on morphology (polyvinyl alcohol), aerosolization (l-leucine), and mucoadhesion (chitosan). 29486562 3 33 theme budesonide 1019:1028 arg1 release 1008:1014 the therapeutically useful release 981:1014 the therapeutically useful release of budesonide 981:1028 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 34 theme cell 857:860 arg1 monolayers 862:871 "Calu-3 cell monolayers 849:871 "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility 849:914 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 3 35 theme mucoadhesion 803:814 arg1 profiles 816:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles 760:823 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 29486562 1 36 dep in 311:312 arg1 vitro 314:318 vitro 314:318 vitro 314:318 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 37 theme engineering 60:70 arg1 approaches 72:81 engineering approaches 60:81 engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations 60:221 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 1 38 theme mucoadhesion 148:159 arg1 behavior 161:168 mucoadhesion behavior 148:168 mucoadhesion behavior 148:168 Toward engineering approaches that are designed to optimize the particle size, morphology, and mucoadhesion behavior of the particulate component of inhaler formulations, this paper presents the preparation, physicochemical characterization, and preliminary in vitro evaluation of multicomponent polymer-lipid systems that are based on "spray-drying engineered" α-lactose monohydrate microparticles. 29486562 3 39 theme good 893:896 arg1 cytocompatibility 898:914 good cytocompatibility 893:914 good cytocompatibility 893:914 The effect of the composition of formulations on the morphology, distribution, and in vitro mucoadhesion profiles is presented along with "Calu-3 cell monolayers" data that indicate good cytocompatibility and also with simulated-lung-fluid data that are consistent with the therapeutically useful release of budesonide. 31563691 4 0 from structure 884:892 arg1 strain 1014:1019 chitin fibril strain 1000:1019 chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 1000:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 0 from structure 884:892 arg1 loading 1036:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 12 1 theme matrix 2675:2680 arg1 modification 2640:2651 chemical modification 2631:2651 chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix 2631:2680 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 2 theme chitin 2507:2512 arg1 structure 2526:2534 the chitin crystallite structure 2503:2534 the chitin crystallite structure 2503:2534 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 8 3 theme molecular 1812:1820 arg1 conformation 1822:1833 molecular conformation 1812:1833 molecular conformation 1812:1833 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 1 4 theme protein 271:277 arg1 components 279:288 protein components 271:288 protein components 271:288 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 7 5 theme chemical 1571:1578 arg1 modifications 1580:1592 the chemical modifications 1567:1592 the chemical modifications 1567:1592 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 6 6 theme Clear 1243:1247 arg1 reductions 1249:1258 Clear reductions 1243:1258 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1243:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 9 7 theme high 2112:2115 arg1 resistance 2124:2133 high impact resistance 2112:2133 high impact resistance coupled with light weight 2112:2159 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 8 8 theme mechanical 1851:1860 arg1 properties 1862:1871 outstanding mechanical properties 1839:1871 outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle 1839:1882 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 1 9 theme natural 184:190 arg1 biomaterial 204:214 a natural mineralized biomaterial 182:214 a natural mineralized biomaterial 182:214 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 4 10 theme cuticle 904:910 arg1 structure 884:892 the chitin crystallite structure 861:892 the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization 861:960 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 10 theme cuticle 904:910 arg1 changes 989:995 as well as time-resolved changes 964:995 as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 964:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 7 11 theme network 1502:1508 arg1 deformation 1473:1483 deformation 1473:1483 deformation of the fibrillar network 1473:1508 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 11 12 theme chitin 2419:2424 arg1 fibrils 2426:2432 chitin fibrils 2419:2432 chitin fibrils 2419:2432 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 13 13 theme impact 2851:2856 arg1 resistance 2858:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 1 14 theme biomaterial 204:214 arg1 example 171:177 an example 168:177 an example 168:177 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 1 14 theme biomaterial 204:214 arg1 cuticle 143:149 The cuticle 139:149 The cuticle of stomatopod 139:163 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 13 15 with design 2796:2801 arg1 resistance 2858:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 9 16 theme bioinspired 2086:2096 arg1 design 2098:2103 bioinspired design 2086:2103 bioinspired design 2086:2103 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 4 17 from changes 989:995 arg1 strain 1014:1019 chitin fibril strain 1000:1019 chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 1000:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 17 from changes 989:995 arg1 loading 1036:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 13 18 theme rational 2787:2794 arg1 design 2796:2801 rational design 2787:2801 rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance 2787:2867 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 11 19 used used 2347:2350 arg2 we 2344:2345 we 2344:2345 we 2344:2345 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 7 20 theme deformation 1473:1483 arg1 3D-pattern 1459:1468 the 3D-pattern 1455:1468 the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network 1455:1508 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 8 21 from role 1714:1717 arg1 nanoscale 1742:1750 nanoscale 1742:1750 nanoscale 1742:1750 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 8 22 from nanoscale 1742:1750 arg1 interactions 1722:1733 interactions 1722:1733 interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) 1722:1794 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 8 22 from nanoscale 1742:1750 arg1 role 1714:1717 the critical role 1701:1717 the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites 1701:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 3 23 theme ultrastructural 624:638 arg1 blocks 649:654 these ultrastructural building blocks 618:654 these ultrastructural building blocks 618:654 However, the interactions between these ultrastructural building blocks, and their coupled response to applied load, remain unclear. 31563691 8 24 theme future 1903:1908 arg1 design 1910:1915 future design 1903:1915 future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites 1903:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 12 25 theme network 2755:2761 arg1 mechanics 2708:2716 2D mechanics 2705:2716 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2705:2761 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 10 26 theme material 2305:2312 arg1 properties 2314:2323 these material properties 2299:2323 these material properties 2299:2323 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 4 27 theme synchrotron 759:769 arg1 diffraction 798:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction 759:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading 759:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 7 28 theme non-symmetrical 1518:1532 arg1 strain 1549:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain 1516:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1516:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 1 29 theme stomatopod 154:163 arg1 example 171:177 an example 168:177 an example 168:177 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 1 29 theme stomatopod 154:163 arg1 cuticle 143:149 The cuticle 139:149 The cuticle of stomatopod 139:163 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 2 30 theme intimate 525:532 arg1 association 534:544 intimate association 525:544 intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins 525:581 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 9 31 from nature 2050:2055 arg1 widespread 2036:2045 widespread 2036:2045 widespread 2036:2045 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 0 32 theme 3D 92:93 arg1 deformation 105:115 3D fibrillar deformation 92:115 3D fibrillar deformation 92:115 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 1 33 theme protective 344:353 arg1 shell 355:359 a protective shell 342:359 a protective shell 342:359 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 8 34 theme bioinspired 1933:1943 arg1 composites 1945:1954 hierarchical bioinspired composites 1920:1954 hierarchical bioinspired composites 1920:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 4 35 dep in 824:825 arg1 situ 827:830 situ 827:830 situ 827:830 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 6 36 from reductions 1249:1258 arg1 fibrillar-level 1280:1294 the fibrillar-level 1276:1294 the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1276:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 13 37 theme high 2846:2849 arg1 resistance 2858:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 high impact resistance 2846:2867 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 5 38 theme ∼20 MPa 1198:1204 arg1 pre-stress 1184:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress 1163:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa 1163:1204 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 4 39 theme chitin 1000:1005 arg1 strain 1014:1019 chitin fibril strain 1000:1019 chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 1000:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 3 40 theme coupled 667:673 arg1 response 675:682 their coupled response 661:682 their coupled response to applied load 661:698 However, the interactions between these ultrastructural building blocks, and their coupled response to applied load, remain unclear. 31563691 10 41 theme nanoscale 2179:2187 arg1 interactions 2189:2200 the nanoscale interactions 2175:2200 the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2175:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 5 42 theme % 1160:1160 arg1 pre-strain 1128:1137 a compressive pre-strain 1114:1137 a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa) 1114:1205 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 10 43 theme mineral 2281:2287 arg1 carbonate 2271:2279 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 43 theme mineral 2281:2287 arg1 blocks 2228:2233 the molecular building blocks 2205:2233 the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2205:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 13 44 theme advanced 2806:2813 arg1 biomaterials 2828:2839 advanced chitin-based biomaterials 2806:2839 advanced chitin-based biomaterials 2806:2839 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 5 45 theme chitin/protein 1163:1176 arg1 pre-stress 1184:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress 1163:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa 1163:1204 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 9 46 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1970:1981 arg1 STATEMENT 1957:1965 STATEMENT 1957:1965 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 1957:2160 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 2 47 theme nanoscale 471:479 arg1 architecture 481:492 the nanoscale architecture 467:492 the nanoscale architecture 467:492 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 4 48 theme macroscopic 1024:1034 arg1 loading 1036:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 49 theme wide-angle 781:790 arg1 diffraction 798:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction 759:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading 759:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 2 50 theme ultrastructural 397:411 arg1 level 413:417 the ultrastructural level 393:417 the ultrastructural level 393:417 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 0 51 theme Matrix-induced 0:13 arg1 pre-strain 15:24 Matrix-induced pre-strain 0:24 Matrix-induced pre-strain 0:24 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 12 52 theme phase 2588:2592 arg1 nanoparticles 2561:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 52 theme phase 2588:2592 arg1 fibrils 2613:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 8 53 dep conformation 1822:1833 arg1 the 1808:1810 the 1808:1810 the 1808:1810 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 1 54 theme hierarchical 308:319 arg1 structure 321:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 7 55 theme interfibrillar 1641:1654 arg1 matrix 1656:1661 the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1619:1661 the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1619:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 2 56 theme chitin 503:508 arg1 fibrils 510:516 wherein chitin fibrils 495:516 wherein chitin fibrils 495:516 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 12 57 theme chitin 2606:2611 arg1 nanoparticles 2561:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 57 theme chitin 2606:2611 arg1 fibrils 2613:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 2 58 theme mechanical 428:437 arg1 functionality 439:451 cuticle mechanical functionality 420:451 cuticle mechanical functionality 420:451 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 0 59 theme interfibrillar 55:68 arg1 transfer 76:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 9 60 from widespread 2036:2045 arg1 nature 2050:2055 nature 2050:2055 nature 2050:2055 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 9 61 theme Chitinous 1984:1992 arg1 biomaterials 1994:2005 Chitinous biomaterials 1984:2005 Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) 1984:2030 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 13 62 theme biomaterials 2828:2839 arg1 design 2796:2801 rational design 2787:2801 rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance 2787:2867 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 4 63 theme crystallite 872:882 arg1 structure 884:892 the chitin crystallite structure 861:892 the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization 861:960 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 10 64 theme blocks 2228:2233 arg1 interactions 2189:2200 the nanoscale interactions 2175:2200 the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2175:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 6 65 from change 1341:1346 arg1 properties 1381:1390 the protein/matrix mechanical properties 1351:1390 the protein/matrix mechanical properties 1351:1390 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 9 66 theme arthropod 2013:2021 arg1 cuticle 2023:2029 arthropod cuticle 2013:2029 arthropod cuticle 2013:2029 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 12 67 theme interfibrillar 2660:2673 arg1 matrix 2675:2680 the interfibrillar matrix 2656:2680 the interfibrillar matrix 2656:2680 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 1 68 theme calcium 249:255 arg1 carbonate 257:265 amorphous calcium carbonate 239:265 amorphous calcium carbonate 239:265 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 5 69 theme crystallite 1067:1077 arg1 stabilization 1079:1091 chitin crystallite stabilization 1060:1091 chitin crystallite stabilization 1060:1091 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 8 70 theme interactions 1722:1733 arg1 role 1714:1717 the critical role 1701:1717 the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites 1701:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 9 71 dep STATEMENT 1957:1965 arg1 attracting 2061:2070 attracting 2061:2070 attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight 2061:2159 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 9 71 dep STATEMENT 1957:1965 arg1 widespread 2036:2045 widespread 2036:2045 widespread 2036:2045 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 4 72 from strain 1014:1019 arg1 loading 1036:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 macroscopic loading 1024:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 12 73 theme 2D 2705:2706 arg1 mechanics 2708:2716 2D mechanics 2705:2716 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2705:2761 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 7 74 theme angular 1534:1540 arg1 strain 1549:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain 1516:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1516:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 6 75 attach linked 1327:1332 arg2 reductions 1249:1258 Clear reductions 1243:1258 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1243:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 6 75 attach linked 1327:1332 arg1 change 1341:1346 the change 1337:1346 the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties 1337:1390 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 12 76 theme crystallite 2514:2524 arg1 structure 2526:2534 the chitin crystallite structure 2503:2534 the chitin crystallite structure 2503:2534 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 1 77 theme amorphous 239:247 arg1 carbonate 257:265 amorphous calcium carbonate 239:265 amorphous calcium carbonate 239:265 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 7 78 theme fibril 1542:1547 arg1 strain 1549:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain 1516:1554 a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1516:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 10 79 theme calcium 2263:2269 arg1 carbonate 2271:2279 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 79 theme calcium 2263:2269 arg1 blocks 2228:2233 the molecular building blocks 2205:2233 the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2205:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 8 80 theme critical 1705:1712 arg1 role 1714:1717 the critical role 1701:1717 the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites 1701:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 8 81 theme outstanding 1839:1849 arg1 properties 1862:1871 outstanding mechanical properties 1839:1871 outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle 1839:1882 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 1 82 theme mineralized 192:202 arg1 biomaterial 204:214 a natural mineralized biomaterial 182:214 a natural mineralized biomaterial 182:214 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 4 83 theme native 897:902 arg1 cuticle 904:910 native cuticle 897:910 native cuticle 897:910 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 10 84 dep blocks 2228:2233 arg1 carbonate 2271:2279 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 84 dep blocks 2228:2233 arg1 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 84 dep blocks 2228:2233 arg1 blocks 2228:2233 the molecular building blocks 2205:2233 the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2205:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 84 dep blocks 2228:2233 arg1 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 7 85 theme fibrillar 1492:1500 arg1 network 1502:1508 the fibrillar network 1488:1508 the fibrillar network 1488:1508 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 11 86 theme protein 2435:2441 arg1 matrix 2443:2448 protein matrix 2435:2448 protein matrix 2435:2448 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 3 87 theme building 640:647 arg1 blocks 649:654 these ultrastructural building blocks 618:654 these ultrastructural building blocks 618:654 However, the interactions between these ultrastructural building blocks, and their coupled response to applied load, remain unclear. 31563691 8 88 theme cuticle 1876:1882 arg1 conformation 1822:1833 molecular conformation 1812:1833 molecular conformation 1812:1833 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 8 88 theme cuticle 1876:1882 arg1 properties 1862:1871 outstanding mechanical properties 1839:1871 outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle 1839:1882 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 11 89 theme tissue 2474:2479 arg1 loading 2481:2487 tissue loading 2474:2487 tissue loading 2474:2487 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 4 90 theme time-resolved 975:987 arg1 changes 989:995 as well as time-resolved changes 964:995 as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 964:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 11 91 theme cooperative 2386:2396 arg1 interactions 2398:2409 the cooperative interactions 2382:2409 the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals 2382:2464 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 9 92 theme impact 2117:2122 arg1 resistance 2124:2133 high impact resistance 2112:2133 high impact resistance coupled with light weight 2112:2159 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 6 93 from fibrillar-level 1280:1294 arg1 stiffness 1263:1271 stiffness 1263:1271 stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1263:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 6 93 from fibrillar-level 1280:1294 arg1 reductions 1249:1258 Clear reductions 1243:1258 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1243:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 6 94 theme mechanical 1370:1379 arg1 properties 1381:1390 the protein/matrix mechanical properties 1351:1390 the protein/matrix mechanical properties 1351:1390 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 9 95 dep cuticle 2023:2029 arg1 e.g. 2008:2011 e.g. 2008:2011 e.g. 2008:2011 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 6 96 theme stiffness 1263:1271 arg1 reductions 1249:1258 Clear reductions 1243:1258 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion 1243:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 0 97 theme fibrillar 95:103 arg1 deformation 105:115 3D fibrillar deformation 92:115 3D fibrillar deformation 92:115 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 5 98 theme compressive 1116:1126 arg1 pre-strain 1128:1137 a compressive pre-strain 1114:1137 a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa) 1114:1205 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 9 99 theme light 2148:2152 arg1 weight 2154:2159 light weight 2148:2159 light weight 2148:2159 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chitinous biomaterials (e.g. arthropod cuticle) are widespread in nature and attracting attention for bioinspired design due to high impact resistance coupled with light weight. 31563691 12 100 theme microfibrillar 2725:2738 arg1 network 2755:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 1 101 with example 171:177 arg1 structure 321:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 8 102 theme hierarchical 1920:1931 arg1 composites 1945:1954 hierarchical bioinspired composites 1920:1954 hierarchical bioinspired composites 1920:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 1 103 theme impact 371:376 arg1 resistance 378:387 high impact resistance 366:387 high impact resistance 366:387 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 11 104 theme X-ray 2352:2356 arg1 scattering 2358:2367 X-ray scattering 2352:2367 X-ray scattering 2352:2367 Here we used X-ray scattering to determine the cooperative interactions between chitin fibrils, protein matrix and biominerals, during tissue loading. 31563691 0 105 theme biogenic 122:129 arg1 armour 131:136 a biogenic armour 120:136 a biogenic armour 120:136 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 1 106 theme high 366:369 arg1 resistance 378:387 high impact resistance 366:387 high impact resistance 366:387 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 8 107 theme composites 1945:1954 arg1 design 1910:1915 future design 1903:1915 future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites 1903:1954 Our results demonstrate and quantify the critical role of interactions at the nanoscale (between chitin-protein and chitin-mineral) in enabling the molecular conformation and outstanding mechanical properties of cuticle, which will inform future design of hierarchical bioinspired composites. 31563691 12 108 theme chemical 2631:2638 arg1 modification 2640:2651 chemical modification 2631:2651 chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix 2631:2680 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 10 109 theme molecular 2209:2217 arg1 carbonate 2271:2279 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 109 theme molecular 2209:2217 arg1 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 109 theme molecular 2209:2217 arg1 blocks 2228:2233 the molecular building blocks 2205:2233 the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2205:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 109 theme molecular 2209:2217 arg1 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 4 110 theme fibril 1007:1012 arg1 strain 1014:1019 chitin fibril strain 1000:1019 chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 1000:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 12 111 theme plywood 2747:2753 arg1 network 2755:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 4 112 theme in 824:825 arg1 loading 840:846 in situ tensile loading 824:846 in situ tensile loading 824:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 5 113 theme fibre 1178:1182 arg1 pre-stress 1184:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress 1163:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa 1163:1204 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 2 114 with association 534:544 arg1 proteins 574:581 proteins 574:581 proteins 574:581 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 2 114 with association 534:544 arg1 mineral 562:568 mineral 562:568 mineral 562:568 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 12 115 theme prestresses 2594:2604 arg1 nanoparticles 2561:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 115 theme prestresses 2594:2604 arg1 fibrils 2613:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 4 116 theme microbeam 771:779 arg1 diffraction 798:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction 759:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading 759:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 0 117 theme mineralization-dependent 30:53 arg1 transfer 76:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 1 118 theme multiscale 297:306 arg1 structure 321:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 a multiscale hierarchical structure 295:329 The cuticle of stomatopod is an example of a natural mineralized biomaterial, consisting of chitin, amorphous calcium carbonate and protein components with a multiscale hierarchical structure, and forms a protective shell with high impact resistance. 31563691 6 119 theme matrix 1306:1311 arg1 digestion 1313:1321 matrix digestion 1306:1321 matrix digestion 1306:1321 Clear reductions of stiffness at the fibrillar-level following matrix digestion are linked to the change in the protein/matrix mechanical properties. 31563691 12 120 theme chitin 2740:2745 arg1 network 2755:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 the microfibrillar chitin plywood network 2721:2761 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 3 121 theme applied 687:693 arg1 load 695:698 applied load 687:698 applied load 687:698 However, the interactions between these ultrastructural building blocks, and their coupled response to applied load, remain unclear. 31563691 4 122 theme X-ray 792:796 arg1 diffraction 798:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction 759:808 synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading 759:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 0 123 theme shear 70:74 arg1 transfer 76:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer 30:83 Matrix-induced pre-strain and mineralization-dependent interfibrillar shear transfer enable 3D fibrillar deformation in a biogenic armour. 31563691 7 124 theme matrix 1656:1661 arg1 loss 1611:1614 loss 1611:1614 loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1611:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 2 125 theme wherein 495:501 arg1 fibrils 510:516 wherein chitin fibrils 495:516 wherein chitin fibrils 495:516 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 2 126 theme cuticle 420:426 arg1 functionality 439:451 cuticle mechanical functionality 420:451 cuticle mechanical functionality 420:451 At the ultrastructural level, cuticle mechanical functionality is enabled by the nanoscale architecture, wherein chitin fibrils are in intimate association with enveloping mineral and proteins. 31563691 7 127 theme load-transferring 1623:1639 arg1 matrix 1656:1661 the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1619:1661 the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix 1619:1661 Furthermore, both demineralization and deproteinization alter the 3D-pattern of deformation of the fibrillar network, with a non-symmetrical angular fibril strain induced by the chemical modifications, associated with loss of the load-transferring interfibrillar matrix. 31563691 5 128 dep % 1160:1160 arg1 pre-stress 1184:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress 1163:1193 chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa 1163:1204 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 13 129 theme chitin-based 2815:2826 arg1 biomaterials 2828:2839 advanced chitin-based biomaterials 2806:2839 advanced chitin-based biomaterials 2806:2839 These results will aid rational design of advanced chitin-based biomaterials with high impact resistance. 31563691 4 130 theme chitin 865:870 arg1 structure 884:892 the chitin crystallite structure 861:892 the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization 861:960 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 10 131 theme building 2219:2226 arg1 carbonate 2271:2279 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 calcium carbonate mineral 2263:2287 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 131 theme building 2219:2226 arg1 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 alpha-chitin 2237:2248 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 131 theme building 2219:2226 arg1 blocks 2228:2233 the molecular building blocks 2205:2233 the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - 2205:2289 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 10 131 theme building 2219:2226 arg1 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 protein 2251:2257 However, how the nanoscale interactions of the molecular building blocks - alpha-chitin, protein and calcium carbonate mineral - lead to these material properties is not clear. 31563691 12 132 theme protein 2580:2586 arg1 nanoparticles 2561:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 132 theme protein 2580:2586 arg1 fibrils 2613:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 4 133 theme tensile 832:838 arg1 loading 840:846 in situ tensile loading 824:846 in situ tensile loading 824:846 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 134 from loading 1036:1042 arg1 structure 884:892 the chitin crystallite structure 861:892 the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization 861:960 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 4 134 from loading 1036:1042 arg1 changes 989:995 as well as time-resolved changes 964:995 as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading 964:1042 Here, we elucidate these interactions via synchrotron microbeam wide-angle X-ray diffraction combined with in situ tensile loading, to quantify the chitin crystallite structure of native cuticle - and after demineralization and deproteinization - as well as time-resolved changes in chitin fibril strain on macroscopic loading. 31563691 5 135 theme chitin 1060:1065 arg1 stabilization 1079:1091 chitin crystallite stabilization 1060:1091 chitin crystallite stabilization 1060:1091 We demonstrate chitin crystallite stabilization by mineral, seen via a compressive pre-strain of approximately 0.10% (chitin/protein fibre pre-stress of ∼20 MPa), which is lost on demineralization. 31563691 12 136 theme mineral 2553:2559 arg1 nanoparticles 2561:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 mineral nanoparticles 2553:2573 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 31563691 12 136 theme mineral 2553:2559 arg1 fibrils 2613:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils 2576:2619 We find that the chitin crystallite structure is stabilized by mineral nanoparticles, the protein phase prestresses chitin fibrils, and that chemical modification of the interfibrillar matrix significantly disrupts 2D mechanics of the microfibrillar chitin plywood network. 29597011 9 0 theme diverse 2107:2113 arg1 sources 2124:2130 diverse nutrient sources 2107:2130 diverse nutrient sources 2107:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 1 theme proteins 2022:2029 arg1 quantification 1990:2003 quantification 1990:2003 quantification 1990:2003 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 1 theme proteins 2022:2029 arg1 typing 1979:1984 comprehensive typing 1965:1984 comprehensive typing 1965:1984 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 4 2 theme culture 850:856 arg1 media 858:862 the culture media 846:862 the culture media 846:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 8 3 theme different 1847:1855 arg1 inducers 1877:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 1 4 theme polymeric 285:293 arg1 substrates 295:304 polymeric substrates 285:304 polymeric substrates 285:304 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 2 5 theme log 634:636 arg1 phases 638:643 its early and late log phases 615:643 its early and late log phases of growth 615:653 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 3 6 theme % 699:699 arg1 FDR 701:703 1% FDR 698:703 1% FDR 698:703 Of the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR, we identified the quantified proteins in three clusters as early, persistently or lately expressed. 29597011 8 7 theme cellulase 1867:1875 arg1 inducers 1877:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 4 8 theme substrate 825:833 arg1 type 810:813 The type 806:813 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media 806:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 3 9 theme quantified 724:733 arg1 proteins 735:742 the quantified proteins 720:742 the quantified proteins in three clusters 720:760 Of the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR, we identified the quantified proteins in three clusters as early, persistently or lately expressed. 29597011 5 10 theme wheat 1017:1021 arg1 bran 1023:1026 wheat bran 1017:1026 wheat bran 1017:1026 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 1 11 theme growth 200:205 arg1 milieu 207:212 their growth milieu 194:212 their growth milieu 194:212 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 2 12 theme Avicel 577:582 arg1 bran 592:595 ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran 541:595 bran 592:595 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 7 13 dep SIGNIFICANCE 1542:1553 arg1 article 1563:1569 this article 1558:1569 this article 1558:1569 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 4 14 theme enzymes 914:920 arg1 expression 922:931 cellulolytic enzymes expression 901:931 cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus 901:945 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 4 15 attach present 835:841 arg2 type 810:813 The type 806:813 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media 806:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 4 15 attach present 835:841 arg1 media 858:862 the culture media 846:862 the culture media 846:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 9 16 theme unique 2180:2185 arg1 machinery 2194:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 8 17 theme growth 1909:1914 arg1 phase 1953:1957 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 phase 1953:1957 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 17 theme growth 1909:1914 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 17 theme growth 1909:1914 arg1 growth 1930:1935 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 growth 1930:1935 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 1 18 theme unique 227:232 arg1 proteins 248:255 unique extracellular proteins 227:255 unique extracellular proteins 227:255 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 6 19 dep such 1311:1314 arg1 act 1344:1346 act 1344:1346 act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media 1344:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 6 20 theme extracellular 1278:1290 arg1 proteins 1292:1299 the extracellular proteins 1274:1299 the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media 1274:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 6 21 from substrates 1375:1384 arg1 environment 1401:1411 the culture environment 1389:1411 the culture environment 1389:1411 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 1 22 from milieu 207:212 arg1 carbon 182:187 secure utilisable carbon 164:187 secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu 164:212 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 7 23 theme cellulase 1719:1727 arg1 inducers 1729:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 2 24 theme wheat 586:590 arg1 bran 592:595 ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran 541:595 bran 592:595 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 8 25 theme additional 1762:1771 arg1 insights 1773:1780 additional insights 1762:1780 additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1762:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 26 theme late 1941:1944 arg1 phase 1953:1957 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 phase 1953:1957 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 26 theme late 1941:1944 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 9 27 theme biotechnological 2236:2251 arg1 applications 2253:2264 the downstream biotechnological applications 2221:2264 the downstream biotechnological applications 2221:2264 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 0 28 theme cellulase 91:99 arg1 inducers 101:108 polymeric cellulase inducers 81:108 polymeric cellulase inducers 81:108 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 1 29 theme utilisable 171:180 arg1 carbon 182:187 secure utilisable carbon 164:187 secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu 164:212 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 2 30 from variations 333:342 arg1 pattern 361:367 the secretome pattern 347:367 the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 347:433 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 7 31 theme BIOLOGICAL 1531:1540 arg1 SIGNIFICANCE 1542:1553 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE 1531:1553 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE 1531:1553 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 2 32 theme ammonium-pretreated 541:559 arg1 straw 567:571 ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran 541:595 straw 567:571 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 2 33 theme growth 648:653 arg1 phases 638:643 its early and late log phases 615:643 its early and late log phases of growth 615:653 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 6 34 theme initial 1325:1331 arg1 responders 1333:1342 the initial responders 1321:1342 the initial responders 1321:1342 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 8 35 theme enzyme 1802:1807 arg1 machinery 1809:1817 the fungus enzyme machinery 1791:1817 the fungus enzyme machinery 1791:1817 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 7 36 theme fungus 1668:1673 arg1 secretome 1625:1633 the secretome 1621:1633 the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers 1621:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 2 37 theme funiculosum 423:433 arg1 pattern 361:367 the secretome pattern 347:367 the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 347:433 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 9 38 from secretomes 2046:2055 arg1 response 2095:2102 response 2095:2102 response to diverse nutrient sources 2095:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 38 from secretomes 2046:2055 arg1 present 2031:2037 present 2031:2037 present 2031:2037 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 5 39 theme abundant 956:963 arg1 proteins 965:972 The top abundant proteins 948:972 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran 948:1026 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 7 40 theme non-model 1640:1648 arg1 fungus 1668:1673 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus 1638:1673 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers 1638:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 2 41 theme different 475:483 arg1 inducers 505:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 0 42 theme polymeric 81:89 arg1 inducers 101:108 polymeric cellulase inducers 81:108 polymeric cellulase inducers 81:108 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 0 43 theme Quantitative 0:11 arg1 profiling 25:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling 0:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum 0:60 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 1 44 theme substrates 295:304 arg1 types 276:280 the types 272:280 the types of polymeric substrates 272:304 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 2 45 theme minimal 445:451 arg1 media 453:457 minimal media 445:457 minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers 445:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 6 46 theme culture 1393:1399 arg1 environment 1401:1411 the culture environment 1389:1411 the culture environment 1389:1411 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 1 47 theme Filamentous 123:133 arg1 fungi 135:139 Filamentous fungi 123:139 Filamentous fungi 123:139 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 8 48 dep phases 1916:1921 arg1 phase 1953:1957 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 phase 1953:1957 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 48 dep phases 1916:1921 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 48 dep phases 1916:1921 arg1 growth 1930:1935 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 growth 1930:1935 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 0 49 theme Penicillium 38:48 arg1 funiculosum 50:60 Penicillium funiculosum 38:60 Penicillium funiculosum 38:60 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 0 50 dep secretome 62:70 arg1 grown 72:76 grown 72:76 secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose 62:120 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 2 51 theme cellulase 495:503 arg1 inducers 505:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 9 52 theme many 2137:2140 arg1 prospects 2142:2150 many prospects 2137:2150 many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2137:2202 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 6 53 theme composite 1365:1373 arg1 substrates 1375:1384 the composite substrates 1361:1384 the composite substrates in the culture environment 1361:1411 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 6 54 from proteins 1292:1299 arg1 waves 1304:1308 waves 1304:1308 waves 1304:1308 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 6 54 from proteins 1292:1299 arg1 such 1311:1314 such 1311:1314 such 1311:1314 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 3 55 theme secreted 667:674 arg1 proteins 676:683 the 137 secreted proteins 659:683 the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR 659:703 Of the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR, we identified the quantified proteins in three clusters as early, persistently or lately expressed. 29597011 1 56 theme extracellular 234:246 arg1 proteins 248:255 unique extracellular proteins 227:255 unique extracellular proteins 227:255 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 2 57 dep Avicel 521:526 arg1 i.e. 515:518 i.e. 515:518 i.e. 515:518 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 2 58 theme hypercellulolytic 384:400 arg1 fungus 402:407 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 372:433 fungus 402:407 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 5 59 theme wheat 1206:1210 arg1 straw 1212:1216 wheat straw 1206:1216 wheat straw 1206:1216 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 3 60 theme 1 698:698 arg1 % 699:699 % 699:699 % 699:699 Of the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR, we identified the quantified proteins in three clusters as early, persistently or lately expressed. 29597011 4 61 theme present 835:841 arg1 type 810:813 The type 806:813 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media 806:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 9 62 theme nutrient 2115:2122 arg1 sources 2124:2130 diverse nutrient sources 2107:2130 diverse nutrient sources 2107:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 8 63 theme polymeric 1857:1865 arg1 inducers 1877:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 different polymeric cellulase inducers 1847:1884 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 2 64 contain containing 459:468 arg1 media 453:457 minimal media 445:457 minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers 445:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 2 64 contain containing 459:468 arg2 inducers 505:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 6 65 theme second 1424:1429 arg1 wave 1431:1434 the second wave 1420:1434 the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media 1420:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 8 66 theme inducers 1877:1884 arg1 presence 1835:1842 the presence 1831:1842 the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers 1831:1884 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 2 67 theme polymeric 485:493 arg1 inducers 505:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 four different polymeric cellulase inducers 470:512 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 2 68 theme late 629:632 arg1 phases 638:643 its early and late log phases 615:643 its early and late log phases of growth 615:653 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 6 69 theme specific 1486:1493 arg1 substrate 1495:1503 the specific substrate 1482:1503 the specific substrate in the cultivating media 1482:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 2 70 theme early 619:623 arg1 phases 638:643 its early and late log phases 615:643 its early and late log phases of growth 615:653 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 8 71 theme different 1899:1907 arg1 phase 1953:1957 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 phase 1953:1957 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 71 theme different 1899:1907 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 71 theme different 1899:1907 arg1 growth 1930:1935 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 growth 1930:1935 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 9 72 dep typing 1979:1984 arg1 The 1961:1963 The 1961:1963 The 1961:1963 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 73 theme fungus 2173:2178 arg1 machinery 2194:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 4 74 theme cellulolytic 901:912 arg1 expression 922:931 cellulolytic enzymes expression 901:931 cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus 901:945 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 9 75 theme enzyme 2187:2192 arg1 machinery 2194:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 the fungus unique enzyme machinery 2169:2202 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 8 76 theme early 1924:1928 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 76 theme early 1924:1928 arg1 growth 1930:1935 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 growth 1930:1935 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 [GH3 1161:1164 [GH3 1161:1164 [GH3 1161:1164 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 arabinofuranosidase 1117:1135 arabinofuranosidase 1117:1135 arabinofuranosidase 1117:1135 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 [GH6-CBM1 1084:1092 [GH6-CBM1 1084:1092 [GH6-CBM1 1084:1092 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 cellobiohydrolaseI 1033:1050 cellobiohydrolaseI 1033:1050 cellobiohydrolaseI 1033:1050 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 with 1168:1171 with 1168:1171 with 1168:1171 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 [GH51 1137:1141 [GH51 1137:1141 [GH51 1137:1141 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 β-glucosidase 1096:1108 β-glucosidase 1096:1108 β-glucosidase 1096:1108 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 [GH7-CBM1 1052:1060 [GH7-CBM1 1052:1060 [GH7-CBM1 1052:1060 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 [GH3 1110:1113 [GH3 1110:1113 [GH3 1110:1113 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 5 77 dep highest 1187:1193 arg1 cellobiohydrolaseII 1064:1082 cellobiohydrolaseII 1064:1082 cellobiohydrolaseII 1064:1082 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 9 78 theme fungal 2077:2082 arg1 strains 2084:2090 the cellulolytic fungal strains 2060:2090 the cellulolytic fungal strains 2060:2090 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 79 theme & 584:584 arg1 bran 592:595 ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran 541:595 bran 592:595 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 8 80 theme growth 1946:1951 arg1 phase 1953:1957 early growth and late growth phase 1924:1957 phase 1953:1957 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 8 80 theme growth 1946:1951 arg1 phases 1916:1921 the two different growth phases 1891:1921 the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase) 1891:1958 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 4 81 from media 858:862 arg1 present 835:841 present 835:841 present 835:841 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 7 82 theme composite 1709:1717 arg1 inducers 1729:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 9 83 theme comprehensive 1965:1977 arg1 typing 1979:1984 comprehensive typing 1965:1984 comprehensive typing 1965:1984 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 84 theme downstream 2225:2234 arg1 applications 2253:2264 the downstream biotechnological applications 2221:2264 the downstream biotechnological applications 2221:2264 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 6 85 theme cultivating 1512:1522 arg1 media 1524:1528 the cultivating media 1508:1528 the cultivating media 1508:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 1 86 theme secure 164:169 arg1 carbon 182:187 secure utilisable carbon 164:187 secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu 164:212 Filamentous fungi respond to the need to secure utilisable carbon from their growth milieu by secreting unique extracellular proteins depending upon the types of polymeric substrates. 29597011 7 87 theme model 1699:1703 arg1 inducers 1729:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 model and composite cellulase inducers 1699:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 4 88 from present 835:841 arg1 media 858:862 the culture media 846:862 the culture media 846:862 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 6 89 from substrate 1495:1503 arg1 media 1524:1528 the cultivating media 1508:1528 the cultivating media 1508:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 29597011 4 90 theme expression 922:931 arg1 levels 891:896 the levels 887:896 the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus 887:945 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 9 91 attach present 2031:2037 arg2 proteins 2022:2029 the different proteins 2008:2029 the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2008:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 9 91 attach present 2031:2037 arg1 secretomes 2046:2055 the secretomes 2042:2055 the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2042:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 8 92 theme fungus 1795:1800 arg1 machinery 1809:1817 the fungus enzyme machinery 1791:1817 the fungus enzyme machinery 1791:1817 Our study has provided additional insights into how the fungus enzyme machinery responds to the presence of different polymeric cellulase inducers over the two different growth phases (early growth and late growth phase). 29597011 5 93 theme top 952:954 arg1 proteins 965:972 The top abundant proteins 948:972 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran 948:1026 The top abundant proteins quantified in the secretome for Avicel and wheat bran were cellobiohydrolaseI [GH7-CBM1], cellobiohydrolaseII [GH6-CBM1], β-glucosidase [GH3], arabinofuranosidase [GH51] and β-xylosidase [GH3], with bicupin being highest in case of wheat straw. 29597011 2 94 theme wheat 529:533 arg1 bran 535:538 wheat bran 529:538 wheat bran 529:538 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 9 95 theme different 2012:2020 arg1 proteins 2022:2029 the different proteins 2008:2029 the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2008:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 96 theme Penicillium 411:421 arg1 funiculosum 423:433 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 372:433 funiculosum 423:433 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 0 97 theme multiplexed 13:23 arg1 profiling 25:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling 0:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum 0:60 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 7 98 theme hypercellulolytic 1650:1666 arg1 fungus 1668:1673 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus 1638:1673 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers 1638:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 3 99 from proteins 735:742 arg1 clusters 753:760 three clusters 747:760 three clusters 747:760 Of the 137 secreted proteins validated at 1% FDR, we identified the quantified proteins in three clusters as early, persistently or lately expressed. 29597011 9 100 theme present 2031:2037 arg1 proteins 2022:2029 the different proteins 2008:2029 the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2008:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 101 theme fungus 402:407 arg1 pattern 361:367 the secretome pattern 347:367 the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 347:433 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 0 102 theme funiculosum 50:60 arg1 profiling 25:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling 0:33 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum 0:60 Quantitative multiplexed profiling of Penicillium funiculosum secretome grown on polymeric cellulase inducers and glucose. 29597011 7 103 theme secretome 1625:1633 arg1 dynamics 1609:1616 the dynamics 1605:1616 the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers 1605:1736 BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this article, we have comprehensively examined the dynamics of the secretome of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus produced in response to model and composite cellulase inducers. 29597011 4 104 theme carbon 818:823 arg1 substrate 825:833 carbon substrate 818:833 carbon substrate 818:833 The type of carbon substrate present in the culture media significantly affected the levels of cellulolytic enzymes expression by the fungus. 29597011 9 105 from present 2031:2037 arg1 secretomes 2046:2055 the secretomes 2042:2055 the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2042:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 106 theme wheat 561:565 arg1 straw 567:571 ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran 541:595 straw 567:571 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 9 107 theme cellulolytic 2064:2075 arg1 strains 2084:2090 the cellulolytic fungal strains 2060:2090 the cellulolytic fungal strains 2060:2090 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 108 theme secretome 351:359 arg1 pattern 361:367 the secretome pattern 347:367 the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 347:433 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 9 109 theme strains 2084:2090 arg1 secretomes 2046:2055 the secretomes 2042:2055 the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources 2042:2130 The comprehensive typing and quantification of the different proteins present in the secretomes of the cellulolytic fungal strains in response to diverse nutrient sources hold many prospects in understanding the fungus unique enzyme machinery and dynamics for the downstream biotechnological applications. 29597011 2 110 theme non-model 374:382 arg1 fungus 402:407 a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum 372:433 fungus 402:407 We have here profiled the variations in the secretome pattern of a non-model hypercellulolytic fungus - Penicillium funiculosum, grown in minimal media containing four different polymeric cellulase inducers, i.e., Avicel, wheat bran, ammonium-pretreated wheat straw and Avicel & wheat bran, and glucose over its early and late log phases of growth. 29597011 6 111 theme proteins 1439:1446 arg1 wave 1431:1434 the second wave 1420:1434 the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media 1420:1528 Our results further suggested that the fungus secreted the extracellular proteins in waves, such that the initial responders act to hydrolyse the composite substrates in the culture environment before the second wave of proteins which tend to be more tailored to the specific substrate in the cultivating media. 31382347 9 0 dep in 1885:1886 arg1 vitro 1888:1892 vitro 1888:1892 vitro 1888:1892 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 7 1 theme genes 1523:1527 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 1 theme genes 1523:1527 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 1 theme genes 1523:1527 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 4 2 theme composite 877:885 arg1 scaffold 887:894 the composite scaffold 873:894 the composite scaffold 873:894 The incorporation of PLGA also improved the hydrophilicity of the composite scaffold. 31382347 7 3 theme endothelial 1482:1492 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 3 4 theme improved 586:593 arg1 degradability 595:607 improved degradability 586:607 improved degradability 586:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 7 5 theme eNOS 1517:1520 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 6 theme VE-cadherin/CD144 1460:1476 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 7 theme cell 1216:1219 arg1 assays 1229:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 8 theme synthase 1507:1514 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 9 theme expression 1446:1455 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 9 theme expression 1446:1455 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 9 theme expression 1446:1455 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 1 10 theme small 229:233 arg1 graft 253:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft 216:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 216:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 5 11 dep factor-1 996:1003 arg1 SDF-1α 1012:1017 SDF-1α 1012:1017 SDF-1α 1012:1017 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 5 11 dep factor-1 996:1003 arg1 alpha 1005:1009 alpha 1005:1009 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 3 12 theme phase 776:780 arg1 TIPS 794:797 TIPS 794:797 TIPS 794:797 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 12 theme phase 776:780 arg1 separation 782:791 phase separation 776:791 thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 758:808 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 13 theme lactic-co-glycolic 637:654 arg1 poly 632:635 poly 632:635 poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) 632:667 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 13 theme lactic-co-glycolic 637:654 arg1 acid 656:659 lactic-co-glycolic acid 637:659 lactic-co-glycolic acid 637:659 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 1 14 theme vascular 244:251 arg1 graft 253:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft 216:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 216:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 7 15 theme cells 1426:1430 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 15 theme cells 1426:1430 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 15 theme cells 1426:1430 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 6 16 theme heparinized 1117:1127 arg1 modification 1129:1140 heparinized modification 1117:1140 heparinized modification 1117:1140 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 17 theme phase 1786:1790 arg1 scaffold 1823:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1782:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1782:1863 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 7 18 theme vein 1409:1412 arg1 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 18 theme vein 1409:1412 arg1 cells 1426:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 1393:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 1393:1439 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 19 theme nanofibrous 1802:1812 arg1 scaffold 1823:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1782:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1782:1863 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 7 20 from recruitment 1284:1294 arg1 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 21 theme human 1393:1397 arg1 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 21 theme human 1393:1397 arg1 cells 1426:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 1393:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 1393:1439 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 1 22 theme graft 365:369 arg1 anticoagulation 310:324 anticoagulation 310:324 anticoagulation 310:324 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 1 22 theme graft 365:369 arg1 endothelialization 330:347 endothelialization 330:347 endothelialization 330:347 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 5 23 dep modified 936:943 arg1 surface 928:934 surface 928:934 surface 928:934 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 0 24 theme cell-derived 88:99 arg1 factor-1 101:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 72:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 1 25 theme clinical 189:196 arg1 demand 198:203 an urgent clinical demand 179:203 an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 179:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 7 26 theme scaffold 1609:1616 arg1 endothelialization 1565:1582 the endothelialization 1561:1582 the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold 1561:1616 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 2 27 theme more 433:436 arg1 space 438:442 more space 433:442 more space for cell infiltration 433:464 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 5 28 theme cell-derived 983:994 arg1 factor-1 996:1003 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 6 29 theme plasma 1070:1075 arg1 profiles 1093:1100 plasma recalcification profiles 1070:1100 plasma recalcification profiles 1070:1100 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 0 30 theme heparin/stromal 72:86 arg1 factor-1 101:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 72:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 2 31 theme graft 418:422 arg1 degradation 394:404 improved degradation 385:404 improved degradation of vascular graft 385:422 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 0 32 theme Nanofibrous 0:10 arg1 scaffold 21:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold 0:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold 0:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 7 33 theme endothelial 1374:1384 arg1 cells 1386:1390 mature endothelial cells 1367:1390 mature endothelial cells 1367:1390 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 34 theme promising 1875:1883 arg1 performance 1894:1904 the promising in vitro performance 1871:1904 the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft 1871:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 7 35 theme In 1207:1208 arg1 assays 1229:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 6 36 theme blood 1042:1046 arg1 results 1025:1031 The results 1021:1031 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles 1021:1100 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 3 37 theme poly 678:681 arg1 blend 746:750 the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend 674:750 the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 674:808 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 38 with scaffold 572:579 arg1 degradability 595:607 improved degradability 586:607 improved degradability 586:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 7 39 from migration 1336:1344 arg1 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 2 40 theme vessel 502:507 arg1 remodeling 482:491 remodeling 482:491 remodeling of blood vessel 482:507 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 0 41 theme polymer 53:59 arg1 blend 61:65 miscible polymer blend 44:65 miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization 44:167 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 7 42 from proliferation 1350:1362 arg1 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 43 theme functional 1911:1920 arg1 graft 1946:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 8 44 theme nanofibrous 1632:1642 arg1 scaffold 1653:1660 the nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1628:1660 the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1628:1693 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 9 45 theme diameter 1928:1935 arg1 graft 1946:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 3 46 theme L-lactic 683:690 arg1 poly 678:681 the poly 674:681 the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 674:808 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 46 theme L-lactic 683:690 arg1 acid 692:695 L-lactic acid 683:695 L-lactic acid 683:695 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 3 47 theme biomimetic 540:549 arg1 scaffold 572:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold 525:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability 525:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 8 48 theme human 1726:1730 arg1 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 8 48 theme human 1726:1730 arg1 cells 1755:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells 1726:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) 1726:1768 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 1 49 theme long-term 264:272 arg1 patency 274:280 long-term patency 264:280 long-term patency 264:280 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 1 50 with graft 253:257 arg1 patency 274:280 long-term patency 264:280 long-term patency 264:280 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 7 51 theme cells 1322:1326 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 51 theme cells 1322:1326 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 51 theme cells 1322:1326 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 52 theme immobilized 1253:1263 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 2 53 theme improved 385:392 arg1 degradation 394:404 improved degradation 385:404 improved degradation of vascular graft 385:422 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 8 54 theme smooth 1741:1746 arg1 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 8 54 theme smooth 1741:1746 arg1 cells 1755:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells 1726:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) 1726:1768 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 7 55 theme endothelial 1299:1309 arg1 EPCs 1329:1332 EPCs 1329:1332 EPCs 1329:1332 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 55 theme endothelial 1299:1309 arg1 cells 1322:1326 endothelial progenitor cells 1299:1326 endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1299:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 8 56 theme cells 1755:1759 arg1 proliferation 1709:1721 the proliferation 1705:1721 the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) 1705:1768 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 5 57 link cell-derived 983:994 arg1 factor-1 996:1003 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 7 58 theme nitric 1494:1499 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 3 59 theme vascular 563:570 arg1 scaffold 572:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold 525:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability 525:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 7 60 theme oxide 1501:1505 arg1 genes 1523:1527 VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes 1460:1527 genes 1523:1527 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 4 61 theme PLGA 832:835 arg1 incorporation 815:827 The incorporation 811:827 The incorporation of PLGA 811:835 The incorporation of PLGA also improved the hydrophilicity of the composite scaffold. 31382347 7 62 theme SDF-1α 1265:1270 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 6 63 theme vascular 1188:1195 arg1 scaffold 1197:1204 vascular scaffold 1188:1204 vascular scaffold 1188:1204 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 1 64 theme functional 218:227 arg1 graft 253:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft 216:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 216:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 5 65 mod modified 936:943 arg1 scaffold 915:922 Then the vascular scaffold 897:922 Then the vascular scaffold 897:922 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 5 65 mod modified 936:943 arg3 combination 948:958 combination 948:958 combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 948:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 3 66 theme elastic 528:534 arg1 scaffold 572:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold 525:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability 525:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 1 67 theme diameter 235:242 arg1 graft 253:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft 216:257 a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 216:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 7 68 from genes 1523:1527 arg1 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 HUVECs 1532:1537 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 3 69 theme separation 782:791 arg1 technique 800:808 thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 758:808 thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 758:808 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 5 70 theme vascular 906:913 arg1 scaffold 915:922 Then the vascular scaffold 897:922 Then the vascular scaffold 897:922 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 7 71 from HUVECs 1532:1537 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 71 from HUVECs 1532:1537 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 71 from HUVECs 1532:1537 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 4 72 theme scaffold 887:894 arg1 hydrophilicity 855:868 the hydrophilicity 851:868 the hydrophilicity of the composite scaffold 851:894 The incorporation of PLGA also improved the hydrophilicity of the composite scaffold. 31382347 3 73 theme induced 768:774 arg1 technique 800:808 thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 758:808 thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique 758:808 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 9 74 theme separated 1792:1800 arg1 scaffold 1823:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1782:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1782:1863 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 7 75 theme endothelial 1414:1424 arg1 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 75 theme endothelial 1414:1424 arg1 cells 1426:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 1393:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 1393:1439 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 76 theme facilitated 1272:1282 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 77 theme vascular 1814:1821 arg1 scaffold 1823:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1782:1830 the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1782:1863 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 1 78 dep anticoagulation 310:324 arg1 the 306:308 the 306:308 the 306:308 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 7 79 theme umbilical 1399:1407 arg1 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 HUVECs 1433:1438 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 79 theme umbilical 1399:1407 arg1 cells 1426:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells 1393:1430 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 1393:1439 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 0 80 theme factor-1 101:108 arg1 alpha 110:114 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 1 81 theme urgent 182:187 arg1 demand 198:203 an urgent clinical demand 179:203 an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft 179:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 6 82 theme scaffold 1197:1204 arg1 anticoagulation 1169:1183 the anticoagulation 1165:1183 the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold 1165:1204 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 83 dep In 1207:1208 arg1 vitro 1210:1214 vitro 1210:1214 vitro 1210:1214 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 5 84 theme heparin 963:969 arg1 combination 948:958 combination 948:958 combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 948:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 7 85 theme vascular 1600:1607 arg1 scaffold 1609:1616 the modified vascular scaffold 1587:1616 the modified vascular scaffold 1587:1616 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 86 theme culture 1221:1227 arg1 assays 1229:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays 1207:1234 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 5 87 theme stromal 975:981 arg1 factor-1 996:1003 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 975:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 7 88 theme cells 1386:1390 arg1 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 proliferation 1350:1362 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 88 theme cells 1386:1390 arg1 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 migration 1336:1344 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 88 theme cells 1386:1390 arg1 recruitment 1284:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment 1249:1294 the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1249:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 0 89 theme vascular 12:19 arg1 scaffold 21:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold 0:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold 0:28 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 7 90 theme mature 1367:1372 arg1 cells 1386:1390 mature endothelial cells 1367:1390 mature endothelial cells 1367:1390 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 2 91 theme vascular 409:416 arg1 graft 418:422 vascular graft 409:422 vascular graft 409:422 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 9 92 theme in 1885:1886 arg1 performance 1894:1904 the promising in vitro performance 1871:1904 the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft 1871:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 2 93 theme cell 448:451 arg1 infiltration 453:464 cell infiltration 448:464 cell infiltration 448:464 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 0 94 theme miscible 44:51 arg1 blend 61:65 miscible polymer blend 44:65 miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization 44:167 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 7 95 theme modified 1591:1598 arg1 scaffold 1609:1616 the modified vascular scaffold 1587:1616 the modified vascular scaffold 1587:1616 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 6 96 theme whole 1036:1040 arg1 blood 1042:1046 whole blood 1036:1046 whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles 1036:1100 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 6 97 theme recalcification 1077:1091 arg1 profiles 1093:1100 plasma recalcification profiles 1070:1100 plasma recalcification profiles 1070:1100 The results of whole blood clotting kinetics and plasma recalcification profiles indicated that heparinized modification significantly enhanced the anticoagulation of vascular scaffold. 31382347 0 98 link cell-derived 88:99 arg1 factor-1 101:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 72:108 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 2 99 theme blood 496:500 arg1 vessel 502:507 blood vessel 496:507 blood vessel 496:507 In addition, improved degradation of vascular graft provides more space for cell infiltration and facilitates remodeling of blood vessel. 31382347 8 100 theme vascular 1644:1651 arg1 scaffold 1653:1660 the nanofibrous vascular scaffold 1628:1660 the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α 1628:1693 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 1 101 theme vascular 356:363 arg1 graft 365:369 the vascular graft 352:369 the vascular graft 352:369 There is an urgent clinical demand to develop a functional small diameter vascular graft with long-term patency, which mainly relies on the anticoagulation and endothelialization of the vascular graft. 31382347 5 102 theme factor-1 996:1003 arg1 combination 948:958 combination 948:958 combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α) 948:1018 Then the vascular scaffold was surface modified by combination of heparin and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α). 31382347 9 103 theme small 1922:1926 arg1 graft 1946:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 0 104 with blend 61:65 arg1 alpha 110:114 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha 72:114 Nanofibrous vascular scaffold prepared from miscible polymer blend with heparin/stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha for enhancing anticoagulation and endothelialization. 31382347 8 105 theme vascular 1732:1739 arg1 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 8 105 theme vascular 1732:1739 arg1 cells 1755:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells 1726:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) 1726:1768 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 7 106 theme progenitor 1311:1320 arg1 EPCs 1329:1332 EPCs 1329:1332 EPCs 1329:1332 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 7 106 theme progenitor 1311:1320 arg1 cells 1322:1326 endothelial progenitor cells 1299:1326 endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) 1299:1333 In vitro cell culture assays demonstrated the immobilized SDF-1α facilitated recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), migration and proliferation of mature endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and expression of VE-cadherin/CD144 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) genes in HUVECs, thereby accelerating the endothelialization of the modified vascular scaffold. 31382347 9 107 theme vascular 1937:1944 arg1 graft 1946:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 a functional small diameter vascular graft 1909:1950 Therefore, the phase separated nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α shows the promising in vitro performance as a functional small diameter vascular graft. 31382347 3 108 theme nanofibrous 551:561 arg1 scaffold 572:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold 525:579 an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability 525:607 In this study, an elastic and biomimetic nanofibrous vascular scaffold with improved degradability was prepared by adding poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) into the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) blend using thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. 31382347 8 109 theme muscle 1748:1753 arg1 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 HVSMCs 1762:1767 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 31382347 8 109 theme muscle 1748:1753 arg1 cells 1755:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells 1726:1759 human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) 1726:1768 Besides, the nanofibrous vascular scaffold modified with heparin and SDF-1α inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). 35518704 5 0 theme O-mannosyltransferase 917:937 arg1 PMT5 939:942 O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 917:942 O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 917:942 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 6 1 theme O-mannosyltransferase 1077:1097 arg1 PMT1 1099:1102 O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 1077:1102 O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 1077:1102 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 1 2 with glycoproteins 179:191 arg1 oligosaccharides 217:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 1 3 theme glycoproteins 179:191 arg1 production 153:162 the production 149:162 the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 149:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 4 theme effective 1177:1185 arg1 strain 1219:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 5 5 theme PMT5 939:942 arg1 deletion 905:912 the deletion 901:912 the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 901:942 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 0 6 from O-glycosylation 12:26 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 6 7 theme O-linked 1303:1310 arg1 oligosaccharides 1312:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 3 8 theme N-linked 592:599 arg1 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 8 theme N-linked 592:599 arg1 oligosaccharide 601:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide 573:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins 573:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 2 9 gly O-mannosylated 343:356 arg1 proteins 358:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 3 10 theme Pichia 656:661 arg1 pastoris 663:670 Pichia pastoris 656:670 Pichia pastoris strain 656:677 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 5 11 from growth 1049:1054 arg1 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 2 12 theme O-mannosylated 343:356 arg1 proteins 358:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 4 13 theme reduced 791:797 arg1 oligosaccharides 808:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 6 14 theme engineered 1285:1294 arg1 N- 1296:1297 engineered N- 1285:1297 engineered N- 1285:1297 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 2 15 theme yeast-specific 328:341 arg1 proteins 358:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins 328:365 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 1 16 theme humanized 198:206 arg1 oligosaccharides 217:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 5 17 from effect 971:976 arg1 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 6 18 theme pastoris 1210:1217 arg1 strain 1219:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 1 19 theme N-linked 208:215 arg1 oligosaccharides 217:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 20 theme Pichia 1137:1142 arg1 strain 1153:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 4 21 theme protein 829:835 arg1 degradation 837:847 protein degradation 829:847 protein degradation 829:847 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 0 22 theme Engineering 0:10 arg1 O-glycosylation 12:26 Engineering O-glycosylation 0:26 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 0:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 1 23 link N-linked 208:215 arg1 oligosaccharides 217:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 198:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 5 24 theme antibody 1028:1035 arg1 growth 1049:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 24 theme antibody 1028:1035 arg1 degradation 998:1008 degradation 998:1008 degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody 998:1035 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 24 theme antibody 1028:1035 arg1 effect 971:976 a minimal effect 961:976 a minimal effect on O-glycosylation 961:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 25 theme strain 1042:1047 arg1 growth 1049:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 0 26 theme modified 31:38 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 0 27 link N-linked 40:47 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 3 28 theme pastoris 663:670 arg1 strain 672:677 Pichia pastoris strain 656:677 Pichia pastoris strain 656:677 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 6 29 theme therapeutic 1249:1259 arg1 glycoproteins 1261:1273 therapeutic glycoproteins 1249:1273 therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides 1249:1327 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 30 theme pastoris 1144:1151 arg1 strain 1153:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 3 31 link N-linked 592:599 arg1 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 31 link N-linked 592:599 arg1 oligosaccharide 601:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide 573:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins 573:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 4 32 theme anti-Her-2 764:773 arg1 antibodies 775:784 anti-Her-2 antibodies 764:784 anti-Her-2 antibodies 764:784 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 0 33 theme oligosaccharide 49:63 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 3 34 theme low-mannose 575:585 arg1 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 34 theme low-mannose 575:585 arg1 oligosaccharide 601:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide 573:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins 573:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 35 gly glycoproteins 702:714 arg1 glycoproteins 702:714 therapeutic glycoproteins 690:714 therapeutic glycoproteins 690:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 2 36 link O-linked 247:254 arg1 oligosaccharides 256:271 O-linked oligosaccharides 247:271 O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast 247:288 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 0 37 theme N-linked 40:47 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 6 38 theme engineered 1126:1135 arg1 strain 1153:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain 1107:1158 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 39 dep engineered 1126:1135 arg1 N-glycosylation 1110:1124 N-glycosylation 1110:1124 N-glycosylation 1110:1124 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 0 40 gly O-glycosylation 12:26 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 6 41 with glycoproteins 1261:1273 arg1 N- 1296:1297 engineered N- 1285:1297 engineered N- 1285:1297 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 41 with glycoproteins 1261:1273 arg1 oligosaccharides 1312:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 3 42 theme O-mannosyltransferase 534:554 arg1 PMT1 556:559 O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 534:559 O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 534:559 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 0 43 theme Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 66:90 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 3 44 theme type 587:590 arg1 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2 618:642 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 44 theme type 587:590 arg1 oligosaccharide 601:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide 573:615 a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins 573:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 3 45 theme therapeutic 690:700 arg1 glycoproteins 702:714 therapeutic glycoproteins 690:714 therapeutic glycoproteins 690:714 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 6 46 gly glycoproteins 1261:1273 arg1 glycoproteins 1261:1273 therapeutic glycoproteins 1249:1273 therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides 1249:1327 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 5 47 theme minimal 963:969 arg1 effect 971:976 a minimal effect 961:976 a minimal effect on O-glycosylation 961:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 2 48 theme O-linked 247:254 arg1 oligosaccharides 256:271 O-linked oligosaccharides 247:271 O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast 247:288 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 4 49 link O-linked 799:806 arg1 oligosaccharides 808:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 5 50 from degradation 998:1008 arg1 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 O-glycosylation 981:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 2 51 theme immune 403:408 arg1 response 410:417 an aberrant immune response 391:417 an aberrant immune response 391:417 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 6 52 link O-linked 1303:1310 arg1 oligosaccharides 1312:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 O-linked oligosaccharides 1303:1327 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 2 53 theme aberrant 394:401 arg1 response 410:417 an aberrant immune response 391:417 an aberrant immune response 391:417 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 4 54 theme PMT1 743:746 arg1 mutant 748:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant 717:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant 717:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 1 55 gly glycoproteins 179:191 arg1 glycoproteins 179:191 therapeutic glycoproteins 167:191 therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 167:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 5 56 contain has 957:959 arg2 degradation 998:1008 degradation 998:1008 degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody 998:1035 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 56 contain has 957:959 arg2 effect 971:976 a minimal effect 961:976 a minimal effect on O-glycosylation 961:995 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 56 contain has 957:959 arg1 deletion 905:912 the deletion 901:912 the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 901:942 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 5 56 contain has 957:959 arg2 growth 1049:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 strain growth 1042:1054 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 3 57 gly O-glycosylation 504:518 arg1 study 470:474 the present study 458:474 the present study 458:474 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 4 58 theme growth 876:881 arg1 defects 883:889 growth defects 876:889 growth defects 876:889 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 4 59 theme O-mannosyltransferase 721:741 arg1 mutant 748:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant 717:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant 717:753 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 0 60 theme Pichia 93:98 arg1 pastoris 100:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris 31:107 Engineering O-glycosylation in modified N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) Pichia pastoris strains. 35518704 5 61 theme anti-Her-2 1017:1026 arg1 antibody 1028:1035 the anti-Her-2 antibody 1013:1035 the anti-Her-2 antibody 1013:1035 However, the deletion of O-mannosyltransferase PMT5 individually has a minimal effect on O-glycosylation, degradation of the anti-Her-2 antibody, and strain growth. 35518704 2 62 theme attractive 300:309 arg1 prospects 311:319 attractive prospects 300:319 attractive prospects 300:319 Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides engineered yeast have been attractive prospects, since yeast-specific O-mannosylated proteins were reported to induce an aberrant immune response and alter pharmacokinetics in vivo. 35518704 4 63 theme O-linked 799:806 arg1 oligosaccharides 808:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 reduced O-linked oligosaccharides 791:823 The O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 mutant produces anti-Her-2 antibodies with reduced O-linked oligosaccharides and protein degradation, but this strain exhibited growth defects. 35518704 6 64 theme Pichia 1203:1208 arg1 strain 1219:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 3 65 theme present 462:468 arg1 study 470:474 the present study 458:474 the present study 458:474 In the present study, we genetically manipulated O-glycosylation by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 and PMT5 in a low-mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide (Man12GlcNAc2∼Man16GlcNAc2) engineered Pichia pastoris strain to produce therapeutic glycoproteins. 35518704 1 66 theme therapeutic 167:177 arg1 glycoproteins 179:191 therapeutic glycoproteins 167:191 therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides 167:232 Yeast have been engineered for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanized N-linked oligosaccharides. 35518704 6 67 theme glycoengineered 1187:1201 arg1 strain 1219:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain 1174:1224 Thus, by disrupting O-mannosyltransferase PMT1 in an N-glycosylation engineered Pichia pastoris strain, we generated an effective glycoengineered Pichia pastoris strain to effectively produce therapeutic glycoproteins with both engineered N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. 29352890 0 0 theme augmented 94:102 arg1 behavior 118:125 augmented anticorrosive behavior 94:125 augmented anticorrosive behavior 94:125 Nanocrystalline cellulose as an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior. 29352890 6 1 theme mechanical 1022:1031 arg1 properties 1033:1042 mechanical properties 1022:1042 mechanical properties 1022:1042 However, the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties was found at 1.5 wt. 29352890 2 2 theme cellulose 386:394 arg1 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 2 theme cellulose 386:394 arg1 composite 396:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite 357:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) 357:412 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 7 3 theme further 1093:1099 arg1 loading 1101:1107 further loading 1093:1107 further loading of NCC and MPC 1093:1122 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 2 4 theme nanocrystalline 370:384 arg1 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 4 theme nanocrystalline 370:384 arg1 composite 396:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite 357:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) 357:412 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 5 5 theme spray 974:978 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 5 theme spray 974:978 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 6 theme circuit 883:889 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 6 theme circuit 883:889 arg1 study 959:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 6 theme circuit 883:889 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 4 7 theme polyurethane 746:757 arg1 coating 759:765 the polyurethane coating 742:765 the polyurethane coating 742:765 The results showed that the NCC and MPC influenced positively the studied properties of the polyurethane coating; furthermore the most pronounced anticorrosive properties were obtained at 1 wt. 29352890 0 8 theme anticorrosive 104:116 arg1 behavior 118:125 augmented anticorrosive behavior 94:125 augmented anticorrosive behavior 94:125 Nanocrystalline cellulose as an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior. 29352890 7 9 theme NCC 1112:1114 arg1 loading 1101:1107 further loading 1093:1107 further loading of NCC and MPC 1093:1122 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 5 10 theme potential 891:899 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 10 theme potential 891:899 arg1 study 959:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 10 theme potential 891:899 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 4 11 theme studied 720:726 arg1 properties 728:737 the studied properties 716:737 the studied properties of the polyurethane coating 716:765 The results showed that the NCC and MPC influenced positively the studied properties of the polyurethane coating; furthermore the most pronounced anticorrosive properties were obtained at 1 wt. 29352890 5 12 theme OCP 902:904 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 12 theme OCP 902:904 arg1 study 959:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 12 theme OCP 902:904 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 7 13 theme loading 1066:1072 arg1 level 1074:1078 % loading level 1064:1078 % loading level 1064:1078 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 2 14 theme composite 456:464 arg1 coatings 474:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 15 theme polyurethane 418:429 arg1 series 347:352 A series 345:352 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 345:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 16 theme MPC 536:538 arg1 levels 518:523 various loading levels 502:523 various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 502:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 17 theme loading 510:516 arg1 levels 518:523 various loading levels 502:523 various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 502:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 18 dep composite 396:404 arg1 coatings 474:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 6 19 located found 1048:1052 arg2 enhancement 1007:1017 the optimum enhancement 995:1017 the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties 995:1042 However, the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties was found at 1.5 wt. 29352890 6 19 located found 1048:1052 arg1 1.5 wt 1057:1062 1.5 wt 1057:1062 1.5 wt 1057:1062 However, the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties was found at 1.5 wt. 29352890 5 20 theme electrochemical 914:928 arg1 spectroscopy 940:951 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 914:951 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 20 theme electrochemical 914:928 arg1 EIS 954:956 EIS 954:956 EIS 954:956 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 7 21 theme % 1064:1064 arg1 level 1074:1078 % loading level 1064:1078 % loading level 1064:1078 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 5 22 theme impedance 930:938 arg1 spectroscopy 940:951 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 914:951 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 22 theme impedance 930:938 arg1 EIS 954:956 EIS 954:956 EIS 954:956 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 7 23 theme MPC 1120:1122 arg1 loading 1101:1107 further loading 1093:1107 further loading of NCC and MPC 1093:1122 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 1 24 theme infrared 293:300 arg1 spectroscopy 302:313 infrared spectroscopy 293:313 infrared spectroscopy 293:313 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 4 25 theme coating 759:765 arg1 properties 728:737 the studied properties 716:737 the studied properties of the polyurethane coating 716:765 The results showed that the NCC and MPC influenced positively the studied properties of the polyurethane coating; furthermore the most pronounced anticorrosive properties were obtained at 1 wt. 29352890 5 26 theme % 847:847 arg1 NCC 849:851 % NCC 847:851 % NCC 847:851 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 2 27 theme PMPCC 467:471 arg1 coatings 474:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 7 28 from reduction 1135:1143 arg1 properties 1163:1172 the mechanical properties 1148:1172 the mechanical properties 1148:1172 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 29352890 1 29 theme Nanocrystalline 128:142 arg1 NCC 155:157 NCC 155:157 NCC 155:157 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 1 29 theme Nanocrystalline 128:142 arg1 cellulose 144:152 Nanocrystalline cellulose 128:152 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) 128:158 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 1 30 theme rice 215:218 arg1 straw 220:224 rice straw 215:224 rice straw 215:224 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 0 31 theme reinforcing 45:55 arg1 coating 82:88 an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating 29:88 an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior 29:125 Nanocrystalline cellulose as an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior. 29352890 0 31 theme reinforcing 45:55 arg1 cellulose 16:24 cellulose 16:24 cellulose 16:24 Nanocrystalline cellulose as an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior. 29352890 2 32 from levels 518:523 arg1 0.5 545:547 0.5 545:547 0.5 545:547 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 33 theme cellulose 446:454 arg1 coatings 474:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 34 theme various 502:508 arg1 levels 518:523 various loading levels 502:523 various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 502:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 1 35 theme dynamic 319:325 arg1 scattering 333:342 dynamic light scattering 319:342 dynamic light scattering 319:342 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 1 36 dep mechanical 229:238 arg1 methods 261:267 methods 261:267 methods 261:267 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 1 37 dep extracted 200:208 arg1 characterized 275:287 characterized 275:287 characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering 275:342 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 2 38 theme micro-powdered 431:444 arg1 coatings 474:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 431:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 1 39 theme light 327:331 arg1 scattering 333:342 dynamic light scattering 319:342 dynamic light scattering 319:342 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 0 40 dep reinforcing 45:55 arg1 additive 57:64 additive 57:64 additive 57:64 Nanocrystalline cellulose as an eco-friendly reinforcing additive to polyurethane coating for augmented anticorrosive behavior. 29352890 2 41 theme polyurethane 357:368 arg1 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 PNCCC 407:411 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 41 theme polyurethane 357:368 arg1 composite 396:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite 357:404 polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) 357:412 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 3 42 theme room 636:639 arg1 temperature 641:651 room temperature 636:651 room temperature 636:651 %, and the coatings were applied onto the pretreated mild steel substrate at room temperature. 29352890 5 43 dep NCC 849:851 arg1 confirmed 865:873 confirmed 865:873 confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test 865:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 44 theme salt 969:972 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 44 theme salt 969:972 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 4 45 theme anticorrosive 800:812 arg1 properties 814:823 the most pronounced anticorrosive properties 780:823 the most pronounced anticorrosive properties 780:823 The results showed that the NCC and MPC influenced positively the studied properties of the polyurethane coating; furthermore the most pronounced anticorrosive properties were obtained at 1 wt. 29352890 3 46 theme pretreated 601:610 arg1 substrate 623:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 %, and the coatings were applied onto the pretreated mild steel substrate at room temperature. 29352890 5 47 theme spectroscopy 940:951 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 47 theme spectroscopy 940:951 arg1 study 959:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 6 48 theme optimum 999:1005 arg1 enhancement 1007:1017 the optimum enhancement 995:1017 the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties 995:1042 However, the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties was found at 1.5 wt. 29352890 4 49 theme pronounced 789:798 arg1 properties 814:823 the most pronounced anticorrosive properties 780:823 the most pronounced anticorrosive properties 780:823 The results showed that the NCC and MPC influenced positively the studied properties of the polyurethane coating; furthermore the most pronounced anticorrosive properties were obtained at 1 wt. 29352890 1 50 theme micro-powdered 164:177 arg1 MPC 190:192 MPC 190:192 MPC 190:192 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 1 50 theme micro-powdered 164:177 arg1 cellulose 179:187 micro-powdered cellulose 164:187 micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) 164:193 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 2 51 from 0.5 545:547 arg1 NCC 528:530 NCC 528:530 NCC 528:530 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 51 from 0.5 545:547 arg1 levels 518:523 various loading levels 502:523 various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 502:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 2 51 from 0.5 545:547 arg1 MPC 536:538 MPC 536:538 MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 536:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 3 52 theme mild 612:615 arg1 substrate 623:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 %, and the coatings were applied onto the pretreated mild steel substrate at room temperature. 29352890 6 53 theme properties 1033:1042 arg1 enhancement 1007:1017 the optimum enhancement 995:1017 the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties 995:1042 However, the optimum enhancement of mechanical properties was found at 1.5 wt. 29352890 5 54 theme open 878:881 arg1 test 980:983 salt spray test 969:983 salt spray test 969:983 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 54 theme open 878:881 arg1 study 959:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study 914:963 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 5 54 theme open 878:881 arg1 study 907:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 open circuit potential (OCP) study 878:911 % NCC and MPC, as confirmed by open circuit potential (OCP) study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study and salt spray test. 29352890 1 55 theme alkali 244:249 arg1 treatment 251:259 alkali treatment 244:259 alkali treatment 244:259 Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and micro-powdered cellulose (MPC) were extracted from rice straw by mechanical and alkali treatment methods, then characterized via infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. 29352890 2 56 theme NCC 528:530 arg1 levels 518:523 various loading levels 502:523 various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt 502:557 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 3 57 theme steel 617:621 arg1 substrate 623:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 the pretreated mild steel substrate 597:631 %, and the coatings were applied onto the pretreated mild steel substrate at room temperature. 29352890 2 58 theme composite 396:404 arg1 series 347:352 A series 345:352 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings 345:481 A series of polyurethane nanocrystalline cellulose composite (PNCCC) and polyurethane micro-powdered cellulose composite (PMPCC) coatings were prepared with various loading levels of NCC and MPC from 0.5 to 2.0 wt. 29352890 7 59 theme mechanical 1152:1161 arg1 properties 1163:1172 the mechanical properties 1148:1172 the mechanical properties 1148:1172 % loading level, after which further loading of NCC and MPC led to the reduction in the mechanical properties. 30729620 0 0 theme yeast 68:72 arg1 biomass 74:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Apple bagasse as a substrate for the propagation of Patagonian wine yeast biomass. 30729620 3 1 theme used 727:730 arg1 substrate 732:740 the commonly used substrate 714:740 the commonly used substrate for biomass development 714:764 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 3 1 theme used 727:730 arg1 molasses 772:779 cane molasses 767:779 cane molasses 767:779 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 1 2 theme native 225:230 arg1 yeasts 237:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 0 3 theme wine 63:66 arg1 biomass 74:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Apple bagasse as a substrate for the propagation of Patagonian wine yeast biomass. 30729620 3 4 theme bagasse 691:697 arg1 substrate 699:707 the apple bagasse substrate 681:707 the apple bagasse substrate 681:707 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 6 5 theme sustainable 1276:1286 arg1 resource 1349:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 6 6 theme alternate 1127:1135 arg1 material 1149:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 1 7 theme wine 232:235 arg1 yeasts 237:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 6 8 dep SIGNIFICANCE 1079:1090 arg1 used 1119:1122 used 1119:1122 used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1119:1356 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 3 9 theme conventional 525:536 arg1 yeasts 574:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 3 10 theme Patagonian 558:567 arg1 yeasts 574:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 1 11 theme yeasts 237:242 arg1 production 179:188 biomass production 171:188 biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 171:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 0 12 theme biomass 74:80 arg1 propagation 37:47 the propagation 33:47 the propagation of Patagonian wine yeast biomass 33:80 Apple bagasse as a substrate for the propagation of Patagonian wine yeast biomass. 30729620 6 13 theme available 1170:1178 arg1 material 1149:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 6 14 theme carbon-rich 1137:1147 arg1 material 1149:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 an alternate carbon-rich material 1124:1156 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 2 15 theme complete 387:394 arg1 medium 404:409 a complete culture medium 385:409 a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass 385:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 4 16 theme media 790:794 arg1 composition 796:806 Culture media composition 782:806 Culture media composition 782:806 Culture media composition was optimized and models were validated. 30729620 2 17 theme statistical 483:493 arg1 designs 495:501 the experimental statistical designs 466:501 the experimental statistical designs 466:501 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 4 18 theme Culture 782:788 arg1 media 790:794 Culture media 782:794 Culture media composition 782:806 Culture media composition was optimized and models were validated. 30729620 5 19 dep CONCLUSIONS 849:859 arg1 demonstrates 872:883 demonstrates 872:883 demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia 872:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 3 20 theme Growth 504:509 arg1 parameters 511:520 Growth parameters 504:520 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 504:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 0 21 theme Patagonian 52:61 arg1 biomass 74:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Patagonian wine yeast biomass 52:80 Apple bagasse as a substrate for the propagation of Patagonian wine yeast biomass. 30729620 3 22 theme wine 569:572 arg1 yeasts 574:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 6 23 from region 1187:1192 arg1 available 1170:1178 available 1170:1178 available 1170:1178 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 3 24 theme yeasts 574:579 arg1 parameters 511:520 Growth parameters 504:520 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 504:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 5 25 from propagation 1034:1044 arg1 Patagonia 1068:1076 Patagonia 1068:1076 Patagonia 1068:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 3 26 theme cane 767:770 arg1 substrate 732:740 the commonly used substrate 714:740 the commonly used substrate for biomass development 714:764 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 3 26 theme cane 767:770 arg1 molasses 772:779 cane molasses 767:779 cane molasses 767:779 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 6 27 theme industrial 1225:1234 arg1 waste 1236:1240 fruit industrial waste 1219:1240 fruit industrial waste 1219:1240 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 3 28 theme nonconventional 542:556 arg1 yeasts 574:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts 525:579 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 2 29 theme culture 396:402 arg1 medium 404:409 a complete culture medium 385:409 a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass 385:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 2 30 theme medium 404:409 arg1 constituent 370:380 a constituent 368:380 a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass 368:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 3 31 theme biomass 746:752 arg1 development 754:764 biomass development 746:764 biomass development 746:764 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 2 32 theme potential 347:355 arg1 utility 357:363 its potential utility 343:363 its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass 343:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 2 33 theme physicochemical 269:283 arg1 characterization 285:300 The physicochemical characterization 265:300 The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse 265:321 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 6 34 from available 1170:1178 arg1 region 1187:1192 our region 1183:1192 our region 1183:1192 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 1 35 theme apple 114:118 arg1 bagasse 120:126 apple bagasse 114:126 apple bagasse 114:126 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 6 36 theme resource 1349:1356 arg1 source 1266:1271 a source 1264:1271 a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1264:1356 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 6 37 theme energy 1342:1347 arg1 resource 1349:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 1 38 theme biomass 171:177 arg1 production 179:188 biomass production 171:188 biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 171:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 2 39 theme biomass 439:445 arg1 production 419:428 the production 415:428 the production of yeast biomass 415:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 6 40 theme friendly 1333:1340 arg1 resource 1349:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource 1276:1356 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 3 41 theme Placket-Burman 600:613 arg1 designs 615:621 Placket-Burman designs 600:621 Placket-Burman designs 600:621 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 6 42 dep sustainable 1276:1286 arg1 environmentally 1317:1331 environmentally 1317:1331 environmentally 1317:1331 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 6 42 dep sustainable 1276:1286 arg1 profitable 1302:1311 profitable 1302:1311 profitable 1302:1311 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 2 43 theme yeast 433:437 arg1 biomass 439:445 yeast biomass 433:445 yeast biomass 433:445 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 1 44 theme culture 90:96 arg1 medium 98:103 A culture medium 88:103 A culture medium based on apple bagasse 88:126 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 1 44 theme culture 90:96 arg1 substrate 157:165 a substrate 155:165 a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 155:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 5 45 theme native 1049:1054 arg1 yeasts 1056:1061 native yeasts 1049:1061 native yeasts from Patagonia 1049:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 5 46 theme yeasts 1056:1061 arg1 propagation 1034:1044 the propagation 1030:1044 the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia 1030:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 5 47 theme economic 927:934 arg1 point 936:940 an economic point 924:940 an economic point of view 924:948 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 5 48 theme view 945:948 arg1 point 936:940 an economic point 924:940 an economic point of view 924:948 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 3 49 theme apple 685:689 arg1 substrate 699:707 the apple bagasse substrate 681:707 the apple bagasse substrate 681:707 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 3 50 theme response 627:634 arg1 methodology 644:654 response surface methodology 627:654 response surface methodology 627:654 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 2 51 theme bagasse 315:321 arg1 characterization 285:300 The physicochemical characterization 265:300 The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse 265:321 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 5 52 theme apple 951:955 arg1 bagasse 957:963 apple bagasse 951:963 apple bagasse 951:963 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 5 53 theme advantageous 984:995 arg1 substrate 997:1005 a more advantageous substrate 977:1005 a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia 977:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 6 54 theme fruit 1219:1223 arg1 waste 1236:1240 fruit industrial waste 1219:1240 fruit industrial waste 1219:1240 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 3 55 theme surface 636:642 arg1 methodology 644:654 response surface methodology 627:654 response surface methodology 627:654 Growth parameters of conventional and nonconventional Patagonian wine yeasts were analysed with Placket-Burman designs and response surface methodology, comparing in each assay the apple bagasse substrate with the commonly used substrate for biomass development, cane molasses. 30729620 6 56 used used 1119:1122 arg2 We 1116:1117 We 1116:1117 We 1116:1117 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 2 57 theme apple 309:313 arg1 bagasse 315:321 the apple bagasse 305:321 the apple bagasse 305:321 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 1 58 theme conventional 193:204 arg1 yeasts 237:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 2 59 theme experimental 470:481 arg1 designs 495:501 the experimental statistical designs 466:501 the experimental statistical designs 466:501 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 6 60 theme STUDY 1110:1114 arg1 SIGNIFICANCE 1079:1090 SIGNIFICANCE 1079:1090 SIGNIFICANCE 1079:1090 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 6 60 theme STUDY 1110:1114 arg1 IMPACT 1096:1101 IMPACT 1096:1101 IMPACT OF THE STUDY 1096:1114 SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We used an alternate carbon-rich material, generously available in our region, originally generated as fruit industrial waste, to transform it into a source of sustainable, economically profitable and environmentally friendly energy resource. 30729620 5 61 theme cane 1012:1015 arg1 molasses 1017:1024 cane molasses 1012:1024 cane molasses 1012:1024 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 1 62 dep AIMS 83:86 arg1 tested 145:150 tested 145:150 tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 145:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 1 62 dep AIMS 83:86 arg1 designed 132:139 designed 132:139 designed 132:139 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 30729620 5 63 from Patagonia 1068:1076 arg1 propagation 1034:1044 the propagation 1030:1044 the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia 1030:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 5 63 from Patagonia 1068:1076 arg1 yeasts 1056:1061 native yeasts 1049:1061 native yeasts from Patagonia 1049:1076 CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that, both from a nutritional and from an economic point of view, apple bagasse constitutes a more advantageous substrate than cane molasses for the propagation of native yeasts from Patagonia. 30729620 2 64 dep METHODS 245:251 arg1 analysed 451:458 analysed 451:458 was analysed using the experimental statistical designs 447:501 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 2 64 dep METHODS 245:251 arg1 carried 327:333 carried 327:333 was carried out 323:337 METHODS AND RESULTS The physicochemical characterization of the apple bagasse was carried out and its potential utility as a constituent of a complete culture medium for the production of yeast biomass was analysed using the experimental statistical designs. 30729620 1 65 theme unconventional 210:223 arg1 yeasts 237:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts 193:242 AIMS A culture medium based on apple bagasse was designed and tested as a substrate for biomass production of conventional and unconventional native wine yeasts. 31196533 5 0 theme kinetics 711:718 arg1 adsorptions 736:746 the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions 707:746 the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions 707:746 The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail to reveal that the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. 31196533 4 1 from 313 K 619:623 arg1 temperature 595:605 temperature 595:605 temperature from 298 to 313 K 595:623 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 4 1 from 313 K 619:623 arg1 increase 583:590 the increase 579:590 the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K 579:623 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 4 2 theme tetracycline 498:509 arg1 capacity 472:479 The maximum adsorption capacity 449:479 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline 449:509 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 5 3 theme equilibrium 724:734 arg1 adsorptions 736:746 the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions 707:746 the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions 707:746 The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail to reveal that the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. 31196533 6 4 used utilized 911:918 arg2 composite 892:900 the GC/MGO-SO3H composite 876:900 the GC/MGO-SO3H composite 876:900 This study has demonstrated that the GC/MGO-SO3H composite could be utilized as an efficient and with high speed. 31196533 6 4 used utilized 911:918 arg2 efficient 926:934 efficient 926:934 efficient 926:934 This study has demonstrated that the GC/MGO-SO3H composite could be utilized as an efficient and with high speed. 31196533 0 5 link genipin-crosslinked 45:63 arg1 chitosan/graphene 65:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H composite. 31196533 1 6 theme novel 107:111 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 6 theme novel 107:111 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 6 7 theme high 945:948 arg1 speed 950:954 high speed 945:954 high speed 945:954 This study has demonstrated that the GC/MGO-SO3H composite could be utilized as an efficient and with high speed. 31196533 4 8 from increase 583:590 arg1 temperature 595:605 temperature 595:605 temperature from 298 to 313 K 595:623 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 4 8 from increase 583:590 arg1 313 K 619:623 313 K 619:623 313 K 619:623 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 1 9 theme magnetic 113:120 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 9 theme magnetic 113:120 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 4 10 theme ibuprofen 484:492 arg1 capacity 472:479 The maximum adsorption capacity 449:479 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline 449:509 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 1 11 theme adsorbent 122:130 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 11 theme adsorbent 122:130 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 0 12 theme pharmaceuticals 11:25 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 0:81 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H composite. 31196533 3 13 theme GC/MGO-SO3H 363:373 arg1 composite 375:383 GC/MGO-SO3H composite 363:383 GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals 363:402 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals were investigated through batch experiments. 31196533 1 14 theme genipin-crosslinked 132:150 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 14 theme genipin-crosslinked 132:150 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 15 theme environmental 244:256 arg1 pollutant 258:266 environmental pollutant 244:266 environmental pollutant 244:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 0 16 theme magnetic 36:43 arg1 chitosan/graphene 65:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H composite. 31196533 3 17 theme adsorption 333:342 arg1 characteristics 344:358 The adsorption characteristics 329:358 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals 329:402 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals were investigated through batch experiments. 31196533 2 18 theme typical 293:299 arg1 behavior 319:326 typical superparamagnetic behavior 293:326 typical superparamagnetic behavior 293:326 The GC/MGO-SO3H exhibit typical superparamagnetic behavior. 31196533 1 19 theme pollutant 258:266 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 19 theme pollutant 258:266 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 0 20 theme novel 30:34 arg1 chitosan/graphene 65:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H composite. 31196533 4 21 dep 313 K 619:623 arg1 to 616:617 to 616:617 to 616:617 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 5 22 theme Freundlich 802:811 arg1 model 822:826 pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model 770:826 model 822:826 The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail to reveal that the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. 31196533 1 23 theme chitosan/graphene 152:168 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 23 theme chitosan/graphene 152:168 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 0 24 theme genipin-crosslinked 45:63 arg1 chitosan/graphene 65:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene 30:81 Removal of pharmaceuticals by novel magnetic genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H composite. 31196533 5 25 theme isotherm 813:820 arg1 model 822:826 pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model 770:826 model 822:826 The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail to reveal that the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. 31196533 4 26 theme adsorption 461:470 arg1 capacity 472:479 The maximum adsorption capacity 449:479 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline 449:509 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 1 27 theme oxide-SO3H 170:179 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 27 theme oxide-SO3H 170:179 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 3 28 theme composite 375:383 arg1 characteristics 344:358 The adsorption characteristics 329:358 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals 329:402 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals were investigated through batch experiments. 31196533 4 29 theme maximum 453:459 arg1 capacity 472:479 The maximum adsorption capacity 449:479 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline 449:509 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 6 30 theme GC/MGO-SO3H 880:890 arg1 composite 892:900 the GC/MGO-SO3H composite 876:900 the GC/MGO-SO3H composite 876:900 This study has demonstrated that the GC/MGO-SO3H composite could be utilized as an efficient and with high speed. 31196533 6 30 theme GC/MGO-SO3H 880:890 arg1 efficient 926:934 efficient 926:934 efficient 926:934 This study has demonstrated that the GC/MGO-SO3H composite could be utilized as an efficient and with high speed. 31196533 1 31 theme GC/MGO-SO3H 182:192 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 31 theme GC/MGO-SO3H 182:192 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 3 32 theme batch 430:434 arg1 experiments 436:446 batch experiments 430:446 batch experiments 430:446 The adsorption characteristics of GC/MGO-SO3H composite to pharmaceuticals were investigated through batch experiments. 31196533 1 33 used used 222:225 arg2 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 33 used used 222:225 arg2 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 5 34 theme adsorption 630:639 arg1 kinetics 641:648 The adsorption kinetics 626:648 The adsorption kinetics 626:648 The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail to reveal that the kinetics and equilibrium adsorptions are well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. 31196533 4 35 dep 138.16 mg/g 536:546 arg1 113.27 526:531 113.27 526:531 113.27 526:531 The maximum adsorption capacity of ibuprofen and tetracycline increases from 113.27 to 138.16 mg/g and 473.25 to 556.28 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 313 K. 31196533 1 36 link genipin-crosslinked 132:150 arg1 composite 195:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite 105:203 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 1 36 link genipin-crosslinked 132:150 arg1 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents 230:239 adsorbents of environmental pollutant 230:266 A novel magnetic adsorbent genipin-crosslinked chitosan/graphene oxide-SO3H (GC/MGO-SO3H) composite was prepared and used as adsorbents of environmental pollutant. 31196533 2 37 theme superparamagnetic 301:317 arg1 behavior 319:326 typical superparamagnetic behavior 293:326 typical superparamagnetic behavior 293:326 The GC/MGO-SO3H exhibit typical superparamagnetic behavior. 30648841 8 0 theme tumor-targeting 1229:1243 arg1 therapy 1260:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 6 1 theme drug 987:990 arg1 efflux 992:997 the drug efflux 983:997 the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein 983:1024 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 8 2 theme drug 1194:1197 arg1 system 1208:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system 1174:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1174:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 8 2 theme drug 1194:1197 arg1 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 8 3 theme drug 1294:1297 arg1 delivery 1299:1306 rational drug delivery 1285:1306 rational drug delivery 1285:1306 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 6 4 gly P-glycoprotein 1011:1024 arg1 P-glycoprotein 1011:1024 P-glycoprotein 1011:1024 P-glycoprotein 1011:1024 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 2 5 theme drug-resistant 369:382 arg1 cancer 384:389 drug-resistant cancer 369:389 drug-resistant cancer 369:389 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 7 6 theme Bcl-XL 1140:1145 arg1 downregulation 1122:1135 downregulation 1122:1135 downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein 1122:1171 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30648841 8 7 theme sensitized 1249:1258 arg1 therapy 1260:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 5 8 theme CS 712:713 arg1 shell 715:719 the CS shell 708:719 the CS shell 708:719 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 0 9 theme Drug-Resistant 97:110 arg1 Cancer 112:117 Drug-Resistant Cancer 97:117 Drug-Resistant Cancer 97:117 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 5 10 theme shell 715:719 arg1 decomposition 691:703 the decomposition 687:703 the decomposition of the CS shell 687:719 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 6 11 theme nanoparticles 857:869 arg1 cores 844:848 the inner cores 834:848 the inner cores of the nanoparticles 834:869 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 2 12 theme composite 286:294 arg1 nanoparticle 296:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 5 13 theme tumor-specific 783:796 arg1 cytotoxicity 798:809 tumor-specific cytotoxicity 783:809 tumor-specific cytotoxicity 783:809 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 6 14 theme drug 956:959 arg1 concentration 961:973 the effective drug concentration 942:973 the effective drug concentration 942:973 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 8 15 with system 1208:1213 arg1 therapy 1260:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1220:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 2 16 theme -based 279:284 arg1 nanoparticle 296:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 8 17 theme rational 1285:1292 arg1 delivery 1299:1306 rational drug delivery 1285:1306 rational drug delivery 1285:1306 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 1 18 theme cancer 185:190 arg1 treatment 192:200 cancer treatment 185:200 cancer treatment 185:200 Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. 30648841 6 19 theme effective 946:954 arg1 concentration 961:973 the effective drug concentration 942:973 the effective drug concentration 942:973 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 6 20 from cargos 897:902 arg1 cells 928:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 5 21 theme cellular 623:630 arg1 uptake 632:637 specific cellular uptake 614:637 specific cellular uptake 614:637 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 0 22 theme CD44-Targeting 2:15 arg1 System 44:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System 0:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer 0:117 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 7 23 theme antiapoptosis 1151:1163 arg1 Bcl-XL 1140:1145 Bcl-XL 1140:1145 Bcl-XL 1140:1145 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30648841 7 23 theme antiapoptosis 1151:1163 arg1 protein 1165:1171 an antiapoptosis protein 1148:1171 an antiapoptosis protein 1148:1171 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30648841 6 24 theme tumor 922:926 arg1 cells 928:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 6 25 theme inner 838:842 arg1 cores 844:848 the inner cores 834:848 the inner cores of the nanoparticles 834:869 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 6 26 theme drug-resistant 907:920 arg1 cells 928:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 drug-resistant tumor cells 907:932 Subsequently, the inner cores of the nanoparticles sustainedly release their cargos in drug-resistant tumor cells to keep the effective drug concentration against the drug efflux mediated by P-glycoprotein. 30648841 8 27 theme controlled 1342:1351 arg1 release 1353:1359 controlled release 1342:1359 controlled release in biomedical applications 1342:1386 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 0 28 theme Drug 30:33 arg1 System 44:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System 0:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer 0:117 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 5 29 theme drug 735:738 arg1 molecules 740:748 the free drug molecules 726:748 the free drug molecules with synergistic effects 726:773 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 3 30 theme free 496:499 arg1 drugs 501:505 both free drugs 491:505 both free drugs 491:505 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 0 31 theme Programmable 17:28 arg1 System 44:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System 0:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer 0:117 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 1 32 theme Programmable 120:131 arg1 systems 147:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. 30648841 3 33 theme CS 440:441 arg1 shell 452:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 3 34 contain containing 480:489 arg2 drugs 501:505 both free drugs 491:505 both free drugs 491:505 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 3 34 contain containing 480:489 arg1 shell 452:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 3 34 contain containing 480:489 arg2 prodrugs 521:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 5 35 theme synergistic 755:765 arg1 effects 767:773 synergistic effects 755:773 synergistic effects 755:773 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 0 36 theme Delivery 35:42 arg1 System 44:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System 0:49 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer 0:117 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 3 37 theme hydrogel 443:450 arg1 shell 452:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 3 38 link cross-linked 427:438 arg1 shell 452:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 8 39 from release 1353:1359 arg1 applications 1375:1386 biomedical applications 1364:1386 biomedical applications 1364:1386 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 5 40 with molecules 740:748 arg1 effects 767:773 synergistic effects 755:773 synergistic effects 755:773 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 0 41 theme Enhancing 55:63 arg1 Chemotherapy 81:92 Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy 55:92 Chemotherapy 81:92 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 8 42 theme programmable 1181:1192 arg1 system 1208:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system 1174:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1174:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 8 42 theme programmable 1181:1192 arg1 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 3 43 theme hydrophobic 462:472 arg1 cores 474:478 hydrophobic cores 462:478 hydrophobic cores 462:478 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 8 44 theme delivery 1199:1206 arg1 system 1208:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system 1174:1213 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy 1174:1266 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 8 44 theme delivery 1199:1206 arg1 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 promising 1271:1279 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 1 45 theme drug 133:136 arg1 systems 147:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. 30648841 3 46 theme cross-linked 427:438 arg1 shell 452:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell 425:456 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 4 47 theme CD44 592:595 arg1 targeting 597:605 tumor-specific CD44 targeting 577:605 tumor-specific CD44 targeting 577:605 Interestingly, the nanoparticle could mediate tumor-specific CD44 targeting. 30648841 3 48 link CS-linked 511:519 arg1 prodrugs 521:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 2 49 theme drug 226:229 arg1 system 240:245 a programmable drug delivery system 211:245 a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 211:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 2 50 theme delivery 231:238 arg1 system 240:245 a programmable drug delivery system 211:245 a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 211:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 7 51 theme cancer 1078:1083 arg1 cells 1085:1089 cancer cells 1078:1089 cancer cells 1078:1089 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30648841 1 52 theme delivery 138:145 arg1 systems 147:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems 120:153 Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. 30648841 4 53 theme tumor-specific 577:590 arg1 targeting 597:605 tumor-specific CD44 targeting 577:605 tumor-specific CD44 targeting 577:605 Interestingly, the nanoparticle could mediate tumor-specific CD44 targeting. 30648841 7 54 theme antitumor 1098:1106 arg1 drugs 1108:1112 the antitumor drugs 1094:1112 the antitumor drugs 1094:1112 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30648841 2 55 theme programmable 213:224 arg1 system 240:245 a programmable drug delivery system 211:245 a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 211:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 5 56 theme specific 614:621 arg1 uptake 632:637 specific cellular uptake 614:637 specific cellular uptake 614:637 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 5 57 theme free 730:733 arg1 molecules 740:748 the free drug molecules 726:748 the free drug molecules with synergistic effects 726:773 After specific cellular uptake, the payloads were suddenly released because of the decomposition of the CS shell, and the free drug molecules with synergistic effects induced tumor-specific cytotoxicity rapidly. 30648841 3 58 theme CS-linked 511:519 arg1 prodrugs 521:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 CS-linked prodrugs 511:528 The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs. 30648841 0 59 theme Sensitizing 69:79 arg1 Chemotherapy 81:92 Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy 55:92 Chemotherapy 81:92 A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer. 30648841 2 60 theme sulfate 267:273 arg1 nanoparticle 296:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 8 61 theme biomedical 1364:1373 arg1 applications 1375:1386 biomedical applications 1364:1386 biomedical applications 1364:1386 Such a programmable drug delivery system with specific tumor-targeting and sensitized therapy is promising for rational drug delivery and provides more versatility for controlled release in biomedical applications. 30648841 1 62 theme great 160:164 arg1 promise 166:172 great promise 160:172 great promise 160:172 Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. 30648841 2 63 theme chondroitin 255:265 arg1 sulfate 267:273 chondroitin sulfate 255:273 a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle 253:307 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 2 63 theme chondroitin 255:265 arg1 CS 276:277 CS 276:277 CS 276:277 Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. 30648841 7 64 theme outer 1051:1055 arg1 shell 1057:1061 the outer shell 1047:1061 the outer shell 1047:1061 CS dissociated from the outer shell and sensitized cancer cells to the antitumor drugs through downregulation of Bcl-XL, an antiapoptosis protein. 30741661 6 0 dep Fourier 792:798 arg1 Transform 800:808 Transform 800:808 Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) 800:833 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 3 1 theme modulus 538:544 arg1 properties 563:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties 526:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 526:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 3 2 dep OBJECTIVE 340:348 arg1 developed 368:376 developed 368:376 developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 368:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 2 3 theme native 323:328 arg1 meniscus 330:337 native meniscus 323:337 native meniscus 323:337 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 2 4 from scaffolds 240:248 arg1 engineering 269:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 11 5 theme bone 1462:1465 arg1 BMSCs 1498:1502 BMSCs 1498:1502 BMSCs 1498:1502 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 11 5 theme bone 1462:1465 arg1 marrow 1467:1472 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 1462:1495 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 9 6 theme laser 1239:1243 arg1 microscopy 1254:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy 1230:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000 1230:1271 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 1 7 theme meniscal 208:215 arg1 injuries 217:224 meniscal injuries 208:224 meniscal injuries 208:224 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 8 8 theme fluorescent 1047:1057 arg1 Calcein-AM 1035:1044 Calcein-AM 1035:1044 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) 1035:1064 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 8 8 theme fluorescent 1047:1057 arg1 green 1059:1063 fluorescent green 1047:1063 fluorescent green 1047:1063 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 4 9 theme scaffolds 670:678 arg1 cytotoxicity 626:637 cytotoxicity 626:637 cytotoxicity 626:637 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 9 theme scaffolds 670:678 arg1 strength 644:651 strength 644:651 strength 644:651 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 9 theme scaffolds 670:678 arg1 porosity 616:623 porosity 616:623 porosity 616:623 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 9 theme scaffolds 670:678 arg1 microstructure 600:613 microstructure 600:613 microstructure 600:613 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 9 theme scaffolds 670:678 arg1 METHODS 588:594 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength 588:651 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds 588:678 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 13 10 theme meniscal 1817:1824 arg1 application 1845:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 5 11 theme scanning 756:763 arg1 SEM 786:788 SEM 786:788 SEM 786:788 The micro-architectures of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30741661 5 11 theme scanning 756:763 arg1 microscope 774:783 scanning electron microscope 756:783 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 756:789 The micro-architectures of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30741661 2 12 theme tissue 262:267 arg1 engineering 269:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 13 13 theme tissue 1826:1831 arg1 application 1845:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 11 14 contain had 1424:1426 arg1 scaffolds 1414:1422 the composite scaffolds 1400:1422 the composite scaffolds 1400:1422 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 11 14 contain had 1424:1426 arg2 cytotoxicity 1431:1442 no cytotoxicity 1428:1442 no cytotoxicity 1428:1442 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 11 15 theme composite 1404:1412 arg1 scaffolds 1414:1422 the composite scaffolds 1400:1422 the composite scaffolds 1400:1422 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 5 16 theme samples 727:733 arg1 micro-architectures 700:718 The micro-architectures 696:718 The micro-architectures of the samples 696:733 The micro-architectures of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30741661 12 17 theme elastic 1634:1640 arg1 modulus 1642:1648 the elastic modulus 1630:1648 the elastic modulus 1630:1648 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 11 18 dep marrow 1467:1472 arg1 cells 1491:1495 mesenchymal stem cells 1474:1495 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 10 19 theme RESULTS 1274:1280 arg1 SEM 1282:1284 RESULTS SEM 1274:1284 RESULTS SEM 1274:1284 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 3 20 theme scaffolds 577:585 arg1 properties 563:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties 526:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 526:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 1 21 theme great 178:182 arg1 treatment 194:202 a great potential treatment 176:202 a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries 176:224 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 11 22 theme mesenchymal 1474:1484 arg1 cells 1491:1495 mesenchymal stem cells 1474:1495 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 0 23 theme meniscus 95:102 arg1 engineering 111:121 meniscus tissue engineering 95:121 meniscus tissue engineering 95:121 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 8 24 theme propidium 1070:1078 arg1 iodide 1080:1085 propidium iodide 1070:1085 propidium iodide (fluorescent red) 1070:1103 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 7 25 theme testing 1011:1017 arg1 DNS300 1027:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 7 26 theme universal 993:1001 arg1 DNS300 1027:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 13 27 theme composite 1730:1738 arg1 scaffold 1740:1747 a composite scaffold 1728:1747 a composite scaffold 1728:1747 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 10 28 theme suitable 1326:1333 arg1 structure 1342:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 3 29 theme extracellular 429:441 arg1 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 3 29 theme extracellular 429:441 arg1 matrix 443:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 405:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) 405:456 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 12 30 theme scaffolds 1684:1692 arg1 cytotoxicity 1654:1665 cytotoxicity 1654:1665 cytotoxicity 1654:1665 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 12 30 theme scaffolds 1684:1692 arg1 modulus 1642:1648 the elastic modulus 1630:1648 the elastic modulus 1630:1648 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 3 31 theme decellularized 405:418 arg1 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 3 31 theme decellularized 405:418 arg1 matrix 443:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 405:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) 405:456 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 0 32 theme decellularized 15:28 arg1 matrix 53:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 1 33 theme Meniscus 135:142 arg1 engineering 151:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 0 34 theme extracellular 39:51 arg1 matrix 53:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 8 35 theme live 1124:1127 arg1 cells 1129:1133 live cells 1124:1133 live cells 1124:1133 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 6 36 theme composite 898:906 arg1 scaffolds 908:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 6 37 theme different 883:891 arg1 scaffolds 908:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 2 38 theme few 236:238 arg1 scaffolds 240:248 few scaffolds 236:248 few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering 236:279 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 7 39 theme scaffolds 962:970 arg1 modulus 943:949 The compressive elastic modulus 919:949 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds 919:970 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 9 40 theme cells 1190:1194 arg1 Morphology 1151:1160 Morphology 1151:1160 Morphology 1151:1160 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 9 40 theme cells 1190:1194 arg1 distribution 1174:1185 spatial distribution 1166:1185 spatial distribution 1166:1185 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 6 41 dep Transform 800:808 arg1 Infrared 810:817 Infrared 810:817 Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) 800:833 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 3 42 theme elastic 530:536 arg1 modulus 538:544 elastic modulus 530:544 elastic modulus 530:544 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 11 43 theme marrow 1467:1472 arg1 proliferation 1505:1517 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 2 44 theme meniscus 330:337 arg1 properties 309:318 the mechanical properties 294:318 the mechanical properties of native meniscus 294:337 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 7 45 theme compressive 923:933 arg1 modulus 943:949 The compressive elastic modulus 919:949 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds 919:970 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 13 46 dep CONCLUSIONS 1695:1705 arg1 demonstrated 1774:1785 demonstrated 1774:1785 demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application 1774:1855 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 13 46 dep CONCLUSIONS 1695:1705 arg1 developed 1718:1726 developed 1718:1726 developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C 1718:1767 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 8 47 dep iodide 1080:1085 arg1 red 1100:1102 red 1100:1102 red 1100:1102 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 9 48 theme confocal 1230:1237 arg1 microscopy 1254:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy 1230:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000 1230:1271 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 9 49 theme scanning 1245:1252 arg1 microscopy 1254:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy 1230:1263 confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000 1230:1271 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 11 50 theme live/dead 1363:1371 arg1 staining 1373:1380 live/dead staining 1363:1380 live/dead staining 1363:1380 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 6 51 used used 839:842 arg2 Fourier 792:798 Fourier 792:798 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) 792:833 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 12 52 theme G/C 1670:1672 arg1 scaffolds 1684:1692 G/C composite scaffolds 1670:1692 G/C composite scaffolds 1670:1692 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 4 53 theme composite 660:668 arg1 scaffolds 670:678 the composite scaffolds 656:678 the composite scaffolds 656:678 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 5 54 theme electron 765:772 arg1 SEM 786:788 SEM 786:788 SEM 786:788 The micro-architectures of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30741661 5 54 theme electron 765:772 arg1 microscope 774:783 scanning electron microscope 756:783 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 756:789 The micro-architectures of the samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30741661 2 55 theme meniscus 253:260 arg1 engineering 269:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 meniscus tissue engineering 253:279 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 1 56 theme tissue 144:149 arg1 engineering 151:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 2 57 theme mechanical 298:307 arg1 properties 309:318 the mechanical properties 294:318 the mechanical properties of native meniscus 294:337 However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus. 30741661 12 58 theme DMECM 1615:1619 arg1 addition 1603:1610 the addition 1599:1610 the addition of DMECM 1599:1619 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 10 59 theme composite 1302:1310 arg1 scaffolds 1312:1320 the composite scaffolds 1298:1320 the composite scaffolds 1298:1320 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 0 60 theme tissue 104:109 arg1 engineering 111:121 meniscus tissue engineering 95:121 meniscus tissue engineering 95:121 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 10 61 contain had 1322:1324 arg1 scaffolds 1312:1320 the composite scaffolds 1298:1320 the composite scaffolds 1298:1320 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 10 61 contain had 1322:1324 arg2 structure 1342:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 1 62 theme potential 184:192 arg1 treatment 194:202 a great potential treatment 176:202 a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries 176:224 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 12 63 theme elements 1585:1592 arg1 mixing 1565:1570 the successful mixing 1550:1570 the successful mixing of these two elements 1550:1592 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 7 64 theme machine 1019:1025 arg1 DNS300 1027:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 8 65 used used 1110:1113 arg2 green 1059:1063 fluorescent green 1047:1063 fluorescent green 1047:1063 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 8 65 used used 1110:1113 arg2 iodide 1080:1085 propidium iodide 1070:1085 propidium iodide (fluorescent red) 1070:1103 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 8 65 used used 1110:1113 arg2 Calcein-AM 1035:1044 Calcein-AM 1035:1044 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) 1035:1064 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 10 66 theme porous 1335:1340 arg1 structure 1342:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 suitable porous structure 1326:1350 RESULTS SEM showed that the composite scaffolds had suitable porous structure. 30741661 4 67 dep microstructure 600:613 arg1 The 596:598 The 596:598 The 596:598 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 7 68 theme tensile 1003:1009 arg1 DNS300 1027:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 the universal tensile testing machine DNS300 989:1032 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 30741661 3 69 theme composite 380:388 arg1 scaffold 390:397 a composite scaffold 378:397 a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 378:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 11 70 theme stem 1486:1489 arg1 cells 1491:1495 mesenchymal stem cells 1474:1495 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation 1462:1517 CCK-8 and live/dead staining demonstrated that the composite scaffolds had no cytotoxicity and could promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation. 30741661 4 71 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 cytotoxicity 626:637 cytotoxicity 626:637 cytotoxicity 626:637 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 71 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 strength 644:651 strength 644:651 strength 644:651 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 71 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 porosity 616:623 porosity 616:623 porosity 616:623 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 71 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 microstructure 600:613 microstructure 600:613 microstructure 600:613 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 4 71 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 METHODS 588:594 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength 588:651 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds 588:678 METHODS The microstructure, porosity, cytotoxicity, and strength of the composite scaffolds were evaluated. 30741661 0 72 theme meniscus 30:37 arg1 matrix 53:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 15:58 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 1 73 theme BACKGROUND 124:133 arg1 engineering 151:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering 124:161 BACKGROUND Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. 30741661 12 74 theme composite 1674:1682 arg1 scaffolds 1684:1692 G/C composite scaffolds 1670:1692 G/C composite scaffolds 1670:1692 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 6 75 with structure 868:876 arg1 scaffolds 908:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 3 76 theme meniscus 420:427 arg1 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 DMECM 451:455 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 3 76 theme meniscus 420:427 arg1 matrix 443:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix 405:448 decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) 405:456 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 3 77 theme preferable 498:507 arg1 ratio 509:513 a preferable ratio 496:513 a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 496:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 0 78 theme matrix 53:58 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan 0:79 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 12 79 theme successful 1554:1563 arg1 mixing 1565:1570 the successful mixing 1550:1570 the successful mixing of these two elements 1550:1592 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 0 80 theme gelatin/chitosan 64:79 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan 0:79 Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering. 30741661 8 81 theme dead 1139:1142 arg1 cells 1144:1148 dead cells 1139:1148 dead cells 1139:1148 Calcein-AM (fluorescent green) and propidium iodide (fluorescent red) were used to stain live cells and dead cells. 30741661 6 82 theme type 893:896 arg1 scaffolds 908:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 different type composite scaffolds 883:916 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 9 83 theme spatial 1166:1172 arg1 distribution 1174:1185 spatial distribution 1166:1185 spatial distribution 1166:1185 Morphology and spatial distribution of cells within scaffolds were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy FV 1000. 30741661 12 84 theme FTIR 1524:1527 arg1 results 1529:1535 The FTIR results 1520:1535 The FTIR results 1520:1535 The FTIR results demonstrated the successful mixing of these two elements, and the addition of DMECM improved the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity of G/C composite scaffolds. 30741661 6 85 theme chemical 859:866 arg1 structure 868:876 the chemical structure 855:876 the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds 855:916 Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to confirm the chemical structure with different type composite scaffolds. 30741661 13 86 theme engineering 1833:1843 arg1 application 1845:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 meniscal tissue engineering application 1817:1855 CONCLUSIONS This study developed a composite scaffold using DMECM and G/C, and demonstrated that it might be suitable for meniscal tissue engineering application. 30741661 3 87 theme cytotoxicity 550:561 arg1 properties 563:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties 526:572 the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds 526:585 OBJECTIVE In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds. 30741661 7 88 theme elastic 935:941 arg1 modulus 943:949 The compressive elastic modulus 919:949 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds 919:970 The compressive elastic modulus of all the scaffolds were measured by the universal tensile testing machine DNS300. 31071406 0 0 theme strength-toughness 65:82 arg1 fibers 103:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 2 1 theme reported 471:478 arg1 Pb2+-sorbent 480:491 the reported Pb2+-sorbent 467:491 the reported Pb2+-sorbent 467:491 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 0 2 theme enhanced 56:63 arg1 fibers 103:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 0 3 from removal 10:16 arg1 water 47:51 water 47:51 water 47:51 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 2 4 theme high 354:357 arg1 affinity 359:366 high affinity 354:366 high affinity to Pb2+ ion 354:378 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 0 5 theme composite 93:101 arg1 fibers 103:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 3 6 theme metal 690:694 arg1 ions 696:699 heavy metal ions 684:699 heavy metal ions 684:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 3 7 theme uniform 547:553 arg1 distribution 555:566 relatively uniform distribution 536:566 relatively uniform distribution 536:566 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 4 8 theme alginate 747:754 arg1 fibers 766:771 the alginate composite fibers 743:771 the alginate composite fibers 743:771 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 5 9 theme minimal 974:980 arg1 loss 982:985 minimal loss 974:985 minimal loss in performance 974:1000 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 0 10 theme alginate 84:91 arg1 fibers 103:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers 56:108 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 3 11 theme heavy 684:688 arg1 ions 696:699 heavy metal ions 684:699 heavy metal ions 684:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 1 12 theme heavy 269:273 arg1 ions 281:284 heavy metal ions 269:284 heavy metal ions 269:284 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 5 13 theme alginate 920:927 arg1 fibers 939:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 5 14 used used 953:956 arg2 fibers 939:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 5 15 theme excellent 865:873 arg1 properties 886:895 the excellent mechanical properties 861:895 the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide 861:913 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 4 16 theme heavy 781:785 arg1 metals 787:792 heavy metals 781:792 heavy metals 781:792 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 1 17 theme enhanced 157:164 arg1 fiber 204:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 2 18 theme as-prepared 308:318 arg1 fiber 339:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 1 19 theme strength-toughness 166:183 arg1 fiber 204:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 0 20 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 0:109 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 1 21 theme metal 275:279 arg1 ions 281:284 heavy metal ions 269:284 heavy metal ions 269:284 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 1 22 theme alginate 185:192 arg1 fiber 204:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 0 23 theme lead 21:24 arg1 ions 37:40 lead and copper ions 21:40 ions 37:40 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 4 24 theme composite 756:764 arg1 fibers 766:771 the alginate composite fibers 743:771 the alginate composite fibers 743:771 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 1 25 theme composite 194:202 arg1 fiber 204:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber 154:208 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 3 26 theme prepared 498:505 arg1 nanofibers 520:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 5 27 theme graphene 900:907 arg1 oxide 909:913 graphene oxide 900:913 graphene oxide 900:913 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 3 28 theme round-shaped 507:518 arg1 nanofibers 520:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 0 29 theme copper 30:35 arg1 ions 37:40 lead and copper ions 21:40 ions 37:40 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 1 30 theme water 291:295 arg1 media 297:301 water media 291:301 water media 291:301 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 5 31 from loss 982:985 arg1 performance 990:1000 performance 990:1000 performance 990:1000 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 4 32 theme chemical 821:828 arg1 effects 843:849 chemical coordination effects 821:849 chemical coordination effects 821:849 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 2 33 theme adsorption 397:406 arg1 capacity 408:415 the maximum adsorption capacity 385:415 the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ 385:424 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 5 34 theme composite 929:937 arg1 fibers 939:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 the alginate composite fibers 916:944 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 2 35 theme maximum 389:395 arg1 capacity 408:415 the maximum adsorption capacity 385:415 the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ 385:424 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 3 36 contain have 531:534 arg2 distribution 555:566 relatively uniform distribution 536:566 relatively uniform distribution 536:566 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 3 36 contain have 531:534 arg1 nanofibers 520:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers 494:529 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 0 37 from water 47:51 arg1 ions 37:40 lead and copper ions 21:40 ions 37:40 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 0 37 from water 47:51 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 0:109 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 3 38 theme 400 nm 587:592 arg1 diameter 575:582 a diameter 573:582 a diameter of 400 nm 573:592 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 4 39 theme mechanism 713:721 arg1 analysis 723:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis 702:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis 702:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 0 40 theme ions 37:40 arg1 removal 10:16 Efficient removal 0:16 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 0:109 Efficient removal of lead and copper ions from water by enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fibers. 31071406 4 41 theme coordination 830:841 arg1 effects 843:849 chemical coordination effects 821:849 chemical coordination effects 821:849 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 4 42 theme Adsorption 702:711 arg1 analysis 723:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis 702:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis 702:730 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 4 43 theme ion 804:806 arg1 exchange 808:815 ion exchange 804:815 ion exchange 804:815 Adsorption mechanism analysis shows that the alginate composite fibers combine heavy metals mainly by ion exchange and chemical coordination effects. 31071406 2 44 theme composite 329:337 arg1 fiber 339:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 1 45 theme graphene 219:226 arg1 oxide 228:232 graphene oxide 219:232 graphene oxide 219:232 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 3 46 theme porous 626:631 arg1 structure 633:641 porous structure 626:641 porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions 626:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 2 47 theme alginate 320:327 arg1 fiber 339:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber 304:343 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 3 48 theme rapid 665:669 arg1 transport 671:679 the rapid transport 661:679 the rapid transport of heavy metal ions 661:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 3 49 theme interlaced 603:612 arg1 fibers 614:619 the interlaced fibers 599:619 the interlaced fibers 599:619 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 2 50 theme Pb2+ 371:374 arg1 ion 376:378 Pb2+ ion 371:378 Pb2+ ion 371:378 The as-prepared alginate composite fiber exhibits high affinity to Pb2+ ion, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reached 386.2 mg/g, which is higher than the reported Pb2+-sorbent. 31071406 5 51 theme mechanical 875:884 arg1 properties 886:895 the excellent mechanical properties 861:895 the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide 861:913 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31071406 3 52 dep conducive 648:656 arg1 structure 633:641 porous structure 626:641 porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions 626:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 3 53 theme ions 696:699 arg1 transport 671:679 the rapid transport 661:679 the rapid transport of heavy metal ions 661:699 The prepared round-shaped nanofibers have relatively uniform distribution with a diameter of 400 nm, and the interlaced fibers form porous structure that conducive to the rapid transport of heavy metal ions. 31071406 1 54 attach removing 260:267 arg2 filler 249:254 filler 249:254 filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media 249:301 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 1 54 attach removing 260:267 arg1 media 297:301 water media 291:301 water media 291:301 In this study, we designed and synthesized an enhanced strength-toughness alginate composite fiber by using graphene oxide as reinforcing filler for removing heavy metal ions from water media. 31071406 5 55 theme oxide 909:913 arg1 properties 886:895 the excellent mechanical properties 861:895 the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide 861:913 Owing to the excellent mechanical properties of graphene oxide, the alginate composite fibers can be used repeatedly with minimal loss in performance. 31624872 0 0 theme starch 69:74 arg1 composition 76:86 starch composition 69:86 starch composition 69:86 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 5 1 from mutations 722:730 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 735:750 Sobic.010G093400 735:750 Sobic.010G093400 735:750 Segregation analyses showed that mutations in Sobic.010G093400 or Sobic.004G163700 co-segregated with the ASV phenotype. 31624872 5 1 from mutations 722:730 arg1 Sobic.004G163700 755:770 Sobic.004G163700 755:770 Sobic.004G163700 755:770 Segregation analyses showed that mutations in Sobic.010G093400 or Sobic.004G163700 co-segregated with the ASV phenotype. 31624872 5 2 theme ASV 795:797 arg1 phenotype 799:807 the ASV phenotype 791:807 the ASV phenotype 791:807 Segregation analyses showed that mutations in Sobic.010G093400 or Sobic.004G163700 co-segregated with the ASV phenotype. 31624872 9 3 theme ssIIa 1238:1242 arg1 mutants 1216:1222 Double mutants 1209:1222 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa 1209:1242 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 9 4 theme starch 1294:1299 arg1 properties 1309:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 0 5 from Mutations 0:8 arg1 SSIIa 32:36 SSIIa 32:36 SSIIa 32:36 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 0 5 from Mutations 0:8 arg1 SBEIIb 21:26 sorghum SBEIIb 13:26 sorghum SBEIIb 13:26 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 7 6 theme higher 1032:1037 arg1 levels 1047:1052 significantly higher amylose levels 1018:1052 significantly higher amylose levels 1018:1052 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 10 7 theme end-use 1436:1442 arg1 qualities 1444:1452 modified starch end-use qualities 1420:1452 modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1420:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 1 8 theme distinct 239:246 arg1 traits 263:268 distinct starch quality traits 239:268 distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications 239:311 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 5 9 theme Segregation 689:699 arg1 analyses 701:708 Segregation analyses 689:708 Segregation analyses 689:708 Segregation analyses showed that mutations in Sobic.010G093400 or Sobic.004G163700 co-segregated with the ASV phenotype. 31624872 6 10 theme amylose 850:856 arg1 content 858:864 amylose content 850:864 amylose content 850:864 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 9 11 from parent 1267:1272 arg1 properties 1309:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 9 11 from parent 1267:1272 arg1 profiles 1334:1341 viscosity profiles 1324:1341 viscosity profiles 1324:1341 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 9 11 from parent 1267:1272 arg1 content 1285:1291 amylose content 1277:1291 amylose content 1277:1291 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 1 12 theme starch 248:253 arg1 traits 263:268 distinct starch quality traits 239:268 distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications 239:311 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 3 13 theme ASV 479:481 arg1 phenotype 484:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 3 14 theme spreading 462:470 arg1 phenotype 484:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 1 15 theme SBEIIb 152:157 arg1 allele 167:172 one allele 163:172 one allele of SSIIa 163:181 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 1 15 theme SBEIIb 152:157 arg1 alleles 141:147 Seven novel alleles 129:147 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb 129:157 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 0 16 theme thermal 89:95 arg1 properties 97:106 thermal properties 89:106 thermal properties 89:106 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 10 17 theme specialty 1511:1519 arg1 foods 1521:1525 specialty foods 1511:1525 specialty foods 1511:1525 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 4 18 theme synthase 621:628 arg1 IIa 630:632 a starch synthase IIa 612:632 a starch synthase IIa 612:632 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 4 18 theme synthase 621:628 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 9 19 theme thermal 1301:1307 arg1 properties 1309:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 starch thermal properties 1294:1318 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 3 20 theme mutants 433:439 arg1 re-sequencing 404:416 Whole-genome re-sequencing 391:416 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 391:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 8 21 contain had 1159:1161 arg1 Mutations 1139:1147 Mutations 1139:1147 Mutations in SBEIIb 1139:1157 Mutations in SBEIIb had a dosage-dependent effect on amylose content. 31624872 8 21 contain had 1159:1161 arg2 effect 1182:1187 a dosage-dependent effect 1163:1187 a dosage-dependent effect 1163:1187 Mutations in SBEIIb had a dosage-dependent effect on amylose content. 31624872 2 22 from crop 343:346 arg1 Africa 374:379 Africa 374:379 Africa 374:379 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 2 22 from crop 343:346 arg1 Asia 385:388 Asia 385:388 Asia 385:388 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 10 23 with humans 1531:1536 arg1 diabetes 1543:1550 diabetes 1543:1550 diabetes 1543:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 10 24 with varieties 1405:1413 arg1 qualities 1444:1452 modified starch end-use qualities 1420:1452 modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1420:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 1 25 theme quality 255:261 arg1 traits 263:268 distinct starch quality traits 239:268 distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications 239:311 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 9 26 theme amylose 1277:1283 arg1 content 1285:1291 amylose content 1277:1291 amylose content 1277:1291 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 10 27 theme sorghum 1397:1403 arg1 varieties 1405:1413 sorghum varieties 1397:1413 sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1397:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 3 28 theme sorghum 421:427 arg1 mutants 433:439 sorghum EMS mutants 421:439 sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 421:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 0 29 theme flour 112:116 arg1 viscosity 118:126 flour viscosity 112:126 flour viscosity 112:126 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 9 30 theme sbeIIb 1260:1265 arg1 parent 1267:1272 their sbeIIb parent 1254:1272 their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles 1254:1341 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 3 31 theme alkali 455:460 arg1 phenotype 484:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 0 32 theme sorghum 13:19 arg1 SBEIIb 21:26 sorghum SBEIIb 13:26 sorghum SBEIIb 13:26 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 1 33 theme important 270:278 arg1 traits 263:268 distinct starch quality traits 239:268 distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications 239:311 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 6 34 theme gelatinization 919:932 arg1 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 6 34 theme gelatinization 919:932 arg1 temperature 934:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature 906:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) 906:949 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 1 35 theme SSIIa 177:181 arg1 allele 167:172 one allele 163:172 one allele of SSIIa 163:181 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 1 35 theme SSIIa 177:181 arg1 alleles 141:147 Seven novel alleles 129:147 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb 129:157 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 3 36 theme Whole-genome 391:402 arg1 re-sequencing 404:416 Whole-genome re-sequencing 391:416 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 391:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 8 37 theme dosage-dependent 1165:1180 arg1 effect 1182:1187 a dosage-dependent effect 1163:1187 a dosage-dependent effect 1163:1187 Mutations in SBEIIb had a dosage-dependent effect on amylose content. 31624872 6 38 theme starch 912:917 arg1 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 6 38 theme starch 912:917 arg1 temperature 934:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature 906:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) 906:949 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 2 39 theme people 364:369 arg1 millions 352:359 millions 352:359 millions of people 352:369 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 4 40 theme branching 667:675 arg1 IIb 684:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 4 40 theme branching 667:675 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 3 41 theme EMS 429:431 arg1 mutants 433:439 sorghum EMS mutants 421:439 sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 421:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 1 42 theme food-processing 284:298 arg1 applications 300:311 food-processing applications 284:311 food-processing applications 284:311 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 7 43 theme ssIIa 1124:1128 arg1 mutants 1130:1136 ssIIa mutants 1124:1136 ssIIa mutants 1124:1136 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 6 44 theme lower 906:910 arg1 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 GT 947:948 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 6 44 theme lower 906:910 arg1 temperature 934:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature 906:944 lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) 906:949 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 7 45 theme lower 1072:1076 arg1 viscosity 1078:1086 lower viscosity 1072:1086 lower viscosity 1072:1086 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 4 46 theme starch 660:665 arg1 IIb 684:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 4 46 theme starch 660:665 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 0 47 theme alkali 45:50 arg1 value 62:66 alkali spreading value 45:66 alkali spreading value 45:66 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 7 48 theme non-mutant 1100:1109 arg1 starches 1111:1118 non-mutant starches 1100:1118 non-mutant starches 1100:1118 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 8 49 theme amylose 1192:1198 arg1 content 1200:1206 amylose content 1192:1206 amylose content 1192:1206 Mutations in SBEIIb had a dosage-dependent effect on amylose content. 31624872 10 50 theme modified 1420:1427 arg1 qualities 1444:1452 modified starch end-use qualities 1420:1452 modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1420:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 2 51 theme food 338:341 arg1 crop 343:346 an important food crop 325:346 an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia 325:388 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 2 51 theme food 338:341 arg1 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 7 52 theme sbeIIb 993:998 arg1 mutants 1000:1006 The sbeIIb mutants 989:1006 The sbeIIb mutants 989:1006 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 6 53 from plants 981:986 arg1 starches 956:963 starches 956:963 starches from non-mutant plants 956:986 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 4 54 theme starch 614:619 arg1 IIa 630:632 a starch synthase IIa 612:632 a starch synthase IIa 612:632 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 4 54 theme starch 614:619 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 9 55 theme viscosity 1324:1332 arg1 profiles 1334:1341 viscosity profiles 1324:1341 viscosity profiles 1324:1341 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 2 56 theme important 328:336 arg1 crop 343:346 an important food crop 325:346 an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia 325:388 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 2 56 theme important 328:336 arg1 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum 314:320 Sorghum is an important food crop for millions of people in Africa and Asia. 31624872 10 57 theme baking 1489:1494 arg1 industries 1496:1505 baking industries 1489:1505 baking industries 1489:1505 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 6 58 theme final 886:890 arg1 viscosity 892:900 lower final viscosity 880:900 lower final viscosity 880:900 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 9 59 theme Double 1209:1214 arg1 mutants 1216:1222 Double mutants 1209:1222 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa 1209:1242 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 3 60 theme value 472:476 arg1 phenotype 484:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype 452:492 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 9 61 theme sbeIIb 1227:1232 arg1 mutants 1216:1222 Double mutants 1209:1222 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa 1209:1242 Double mutants of sbeIIb and ssIIa resembled their sbeIIb parent in amylose content, starch thermal properties and viscosity profiles. 31624872 6 62 theme lower 880:884 arg1 viscosity 892:900 lower final viscosity 880:900 lower final viscosity 880:900 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 10 63 theme starch 1429:1434 arg1 qualities 1444:1452 modified starch end-use qualities 1420:1452 modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1420:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 4 64 theme Comparative 560:570 arg1 genomics 572:579 Comparative genomics 560:579 Comparative genomics 560:579 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 1 65 theme ASV 206:208 arg1 phenotype 210:218 the ASV phenotype 202:218 the ASV phenotype 202:218 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 10 66 theme important 1454:1462 arg1 qualities 1444:1452 modified starch end-use qualities 1420:1452 modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes 1420:1550 These variants will provide opportunities to produce sorghum varieties with modified starch end-use qualities important for the beer brewing and baking industries and specialty foods for humans with diabetes. 31624872 7 67 theme starch 1058:1063 arg1 GT 1065:1066 starch GT 1058:1066 starch GT 1058:1066 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 3 68 theme candidate 503:511 arg1 SNPs 513:516 candidate SNPs 503:516 candidate SNPs 503:516 Whole-genome re-sequencing of sorghum EMS mutants exhibiting an alkali spreading value (ASV) phenotype revealed candidate SNPs in Sobic.004G163700 and Sobic.010G093400. 31624872 4 69 theme enzyme 677:682 arg1 IIb 684:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 a starch branching enzyme IIb 658:686 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 4 69 theme enzyme 677:682 arg1 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Sobic.010G093400 592:607 Comparative genomics identified Sobic.010G093400 as a starch synthase IIa and Sobic.004G163700 as a starch branching enzyme IIb. 31624872 0 70 theme spreading 52:60 arg1 value 62:66 alkali spreading value 45:66 alkali spreading value 45:66 Mutations in sorghum SBEIIb and SSIIa affect alkali spreading value, starch composition, thermal properties and flour viscosity. 31624872 6 71 theme non-mutant 970:979 arg1 plants 981:986 non-mutant plants 970:986 non-mutant plants 970:986 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31624872 8 72 from Mutations 1139:1147 arg1 SBEIIb 1152:1157 SBEIIb 1152:1157 SBEIIb 1152:1157 Mutations in SBEIIb had a dosage-dependent effect on amylose content. 31624872 7 73 theme amylose 1039:1045 arg1 levels 1047:1052 significantly higher amylose levels 1018:1052 significantly higher amylose levels 1018:1052 The sbeIIb mutants exhibited significantly higher amylose levels and starch GT and lower viscosity compared to non-mutant starches and ssIIa mutants. 31624872 1 74 theme novel 135:139 arg1 alleles 141:147 Seven novel alleles 129:147 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb 129:157 Seven novel alleles of SBEIIb and one allele of SSIIa co-segregated with the ASV phenotype and contributed to distinct starch quality traits important for food-processing applications. 31624872 6 75 from Mutants 810:816 arg1 SSIIa 821:825 SSIIa 821:825 SSIIa 821:825 Mutants in SSIIa exhibited no change in amylose content but expressed lower final viscosity and lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT) than starches from non-mutant plants. 31924053 0 0 theme pH-responsive 92:104 arg1 carrier 111:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 4 1 theme drug 653:656 arg1 carrier 658:664 the drug carrier 649:664 the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX) 649:686 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 1 theme drug 653:656 arg1 hybrids 628:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 2 theme pH-sensitive 815:826 arg1 property 828:835 the pH-sensitive property 811:835 the pH-sensitive property of SA 811:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 1 3 theme controlled 170:179 arg1 release 186:192 controlled drug release 170:192 controlled drug release 170:192 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 5 4 theme release 899:905 arg1 kinetics 907:914 the release kinetics 895:914 the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 895:949 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 0 5 link Ca2+-crosslinked 20:35 arg1 sodium 37:42 Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 20:42 Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 20:42 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 1 6 theme drug 181:184 arg1 release 186:192 controlled drug release 170:192 controlled drug release 170:192 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 5 7 theme SA-Ca2+-GO 932:941 arg1 hybrids 943:949 the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 928:949 the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 928:949 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 3 8 theme field 526:530 arg1 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 8 theme field 526:530 arg1 microscopy 559:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy 526:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 526:576 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 8 theme field 526:530 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 4 9 theme electro- 693:700 arg1 release 720:726 electro- and pH-responsive release 693:726 electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX 693:733 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 0 10 theme drug 106:109 arg1 carrier 111:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 5 11 theme Fickian 1018:1024 arg1 diffusion 1026:1034 Fickian diffusion 1018:1034 Fickian diffusion 1018:1034 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 4 12 theme property 828:835 arg1 ability 793:799 the excellent conductive ability 768:799 the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA 768:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 3 13 theme emission 532:539 arg1 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 13 theme emission 532:539 arg1 microscopy 559:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy 526:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 526:576 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 13 theme emission 532:539 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 5 14 from hybrids 943:949 arg1 kinetics 907:914 the release kinetics 895:914 the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 895:949 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 3 15 dep Fourier 477:483 arg1 transform 485:493 transform 485:493 transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) 485:610 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 16 theme SA-Ca2+-GO 429:438 arg1 hybrids 440:446 SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 429:446 SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 429:446 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 17 theme resultant 368:376 arg1 composites 389:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites 364:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites 364:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 0 18 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 synthesis 7:15 Facile synthesis 0:15 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 0:42 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 4 19 theme GO 804:805 arg1 ability 793:799 the excellent conductive ability 768:799 the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA 768:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 2 20 theme graphene 310:317 arg1 oxide 319:323 graphene oxide 310:323 graphene oxide (GO) 310:328 Here, sodium alginate (SA) was integrated with graphene oxide (GO) by using Ca2+ as the crosslinker. 31924053 1 21 theme significant 200:210 arg1 importance 212:221 significant importance 200:221 significant importance 200:221 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 0 22 theme Ca2+-crosslinked 20:35 arg1 sodium 37:42 Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 20:42 Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 20:42 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 3 23 theme scanning 541:548 arg1 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 23 theme scanning 541:548 arg1 microscopy 559:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy 526:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 526:576 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 23 theme scanning 541:548 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 4 24 theme MTX 731:733 arg1 release 720:726 electro- and pH-responsive release 693:726 electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX 693:733 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 5 25 theme MTX 997:999 arg1 release 986:992 the release 982:992 the release of MTX 982:999 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 3 26 theme electron 550:557 arg1 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 FESEM 571:575 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 26 theme electron 550:557 arg1 microscopy 559:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy 526:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 526:576 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 26 theme electron 550:557 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 1 27 theme carrier 158:164 arg1 design 124:129 The design 120:129 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release 120:192 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 4 28 theme SA-Ca2+-GO 617:626 arg1 carrier 658:664 the drug carrier 649:664 the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX) 649:686 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 28 theme SA-Ca2+-GO 617:626 arg1 hybrids 628:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 0 29 theme sodium 37:42 arg1 synthesis 7:15 Facile synthesis 0:15 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium 0:42 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 4 30 theme pH-responsive 706:718 arg1 release 720:726 electro- and pH-responsive release 693:726 electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX 693:733 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 3 31 theme atomic 582:587 arg1 microscopy 595:604 atomic force microscopy 582:604 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 582:610 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 31 theme atomic 582:587 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 31 theme atomic 582:587 arg1 AFM 607:609 AFM 607:609 AFM 607:609 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 4 32 used used 641:644 arg2 hybrids 628:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 32 used used 641:644 arg2 carrier 658:664 the drug carrier 649:664 the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX) 649:686 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 3 33 theme SA-Ca2+-GO 378:387 arg1 composites 389:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites 364:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites 364:398 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 4 34 theme conductive 782:791 arg1 ability 793:799 the excellent conductive ability 768:799 the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA 768:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 5 35 theme Higuchi 853:859 arg1 model 861:865 Higuchi model 853:865 Higuchi model 853:865 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 0 36 theme oxide 62:66 arg1 hybrids 68:74 oxide hybrids 62:74 oxide hybrids 62:74 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 4 37 theme SA 840:841 arg1 property 828:835 the pH-sensitive property 811:835 the pH-sensitive property of SA 811:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 38 theme excellent 772:780 arg1 ability 793:799 the excellent conductive ability 768:799 the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA 768:841 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 1 39 from importance 212:221 arg1 biology 254:260 biology 254:260 biology 254:260 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 1 39 from importance 212:221 arg1 medicine 241:248 medicine 241:248 medicine 241:248 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 1 39 from importance 212:221 arg1 pharmaceutics 226:238 pharmaceutics 226:238 pharmaceutics 226:238 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 4 40 theme methotrexate 669:680 arg1 carrier 658:664 the drug carrier 649:664 the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX) 649:686 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 4 40 theme methotrexate 669:680 arg1 hybrids 628:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 613:634 The SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids were used as the drug carrier of methotrexate (MTX), and electro- and pH-responsive release of MTX was successfully achieved due to the excellent conductive ability of GO and the pH-sensitive property of SA. 31924053 1 41 theme stimuli-responsive 134:151 arg1 carrier 158:164 stimuli-responsive drug carrier 134:164 stimuli-responsive drug carrier 134:164 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 3 42 dep transform 485:493 arg1 infrared 495:502 infrared 495:502 transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) 485:610 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 2 43 theme sodium 269:274 arg1 SA 286:287 SA 286:287 SA 286:287 Here, sodium alginate (SA) was integrated with graphene oxide (GO) by using Ca2+ as the crosslinker. 31924053 2 43 theme sodium 269:274 arg1 alginate 276:283 sodium alginate 269:283 sodium alginate (SA) 269:288 Here, sodium alginate (SA) was integrated with graphene oxide (GO) by using Ca2+ as the crosslinker. 31924053 1 44 theme drug 153:156 arg1 carrier 158:164 stimuli-responsive drug carrier 134:164 stimuli-responsive drug carrier 134:164 The design of stimuli-responsive drug carrier for controlled drug release is of significant importance in pharmaceutics, medicine and biology. 31924053 2 45 dep oxide 319:323 arg1 GO 326:327 GO 326:327 GO 326:327 Here, sodium alginate (SA) was integrated with graphene oxide (GO) by using Ca2+ as the crosslinker. 31924053 0 46 theme electro- 79:86 arg1 carrier 111:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier 79:117 Facile synthesis of Ca2+-crosslinked sodium alginate/graphene oxide hybrids as electro- and pH-responsive drug carrier. 31924053 5 47 theme MTX 919:921 arg1 kinetics 907:914 the release kinetics 895:914 the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids 895:949 Finally, Higuchi model was employed to investigate the release kinetics of MTX from the SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, and the results indicate that the release of MTX is controlled by Fickian diffusion. 31924053 3 48 theme force 589:593 arg1 microscopy 595:604 atomic force microscopy 582:604 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 582:610 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 48 theme force 589:593 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 48 theme force 589:593 arg1 AFM 607:609 AFM 607:609 AFM 607:609 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 49 theme FT-IR 505:509 arg1 microscopy 595:604 atomic force microscopy 582:604 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 582:610 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 49 theme FT-IR 505:509 arg1 spectrometry 512:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 (FT-IR) spectrometry 504:523 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31924053 3 49 theme FT-IR 505:509 arg1 microscopy 559:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy 526:568 field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) 526:576 The resultant SA-Ca2+-GO composites were freeze-dried to produce SA-Ca2+-GO hybrids, which were then examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 31734459 11 0 theme partial 2183:2189 arg1 loss 2191:2194 partial loss 2183:2194 partial loss in membrane interactions 2183:2219 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 3 1 theme three-dimensional 513:529 arg1 micromixer 544:553 three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer 513:553 three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer 513:553 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 11 2 theme alginate 2105:2112 arg1 chains 2114:2119 alginate chains 2105:2119 alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles 2105:2167 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 9 3 theme low 1759:1761 arg1 strength 1769:1776 low ionic strength 1759:1776 low ionic strength 1759:1776 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 4 4 theme X-ray 684:688 arg1 scattering 690:699 small-angle X-ray scattering 672:699 small-angle X-ray scattering 672:699 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 3 5 theme -printed 535:542 arg1 micromixer 544:553 three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer 513:553 three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer 513:553 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 7 6 theme B-alginate 1159:1168 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 2 7 theme electrostatics 298:311 arg1 effects 287:293 the effects 283:293 the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels 283:359 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 5 8 theme model 929:933 arg1 vesicles 941:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 3 9 dep three-dimensional 513:529 arg1 3D 532:533 3D 532:533 3D 532:533 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 7 10 theme maximum 1141:1147 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 2 11 theme microgels 351:359 arg1 generation 320:329 the generation 316:329 the generation of peptide-carrying microgels 316:359 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 11 12 theme composite 2140:2148 arg1 particles 2159:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 11 13 theme polymyxin 2064:2072 arg1 B 2074:2074 some polymyxin B 2059:2074 some polymyxin B 2059:2074 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 5 14 theme dye 907:909 arg1 assays 919:924 dye leakage assays 907:924 dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles 907:948 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 6 15 theme polymyxin 1001:1009 arg1 B 1011:1011 polymyxin B 1001:1011 polymyxin B 1001:1011 Our results indicate that charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation affects particle size and network dimensions. 31734459 9 16 theme electrolyte 1800:1810 arg1 concentration 1812:1824 high electrolyte concentration 1795:1824 high electrolyte concentration 1795:1824 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 7 17 theme CaCl2 1411:1415 arg1 concentrations 1417:1430 high CaCl2 concentrations 1406:1430 high CaCl2 concentrations 1406:1430 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 4 18 theme z-potential 732:742 arg1 measurements 744:755 z-potential measurements 732:755 z-potential measurements 732:755 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 10 19 theme low 1940:1942 arg1 strength 1950:1957 low ionic strength 1940:1957 low ionic strength 1940:1957 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 1 20 theme improved 151:158 arg1 delivery 160:167 improved delivery 151:167 improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) 151:199 Microgels offer opportunities for improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP). 31734459 8 21 theme encapsulation 1526:1538 arg1 efficiency 1540:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 4 22 theme light 710:714 arg1 scattering 716:725 dynamic light scattering 702:725 dynamic light scattering 702:725 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 7 23 theme diffuse 1290:1296 arg1 core 1298:1301 a more diffuse core 1283:1301 a more diffuse core 1283:1301 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 5 24 theme systems 882:888 arg1 interactions 860:871 membrane interactions 851:871 membrane interactions of these systems 851:888 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 1 25 theme peptides 186:193 arg1 delivery 160:167 improved delivery 151:167 improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) 151:199 Microgels offer opportunities for improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP). 31734459 6 26 theme particle 1060:1067 arg1 size 1069:1072 particle size 1060:1072 particle size 1060:1072 Our results indicate that charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation affects particle size and network dimensions. 31734459 8 27 theme peptide 1575:1581 arg1 release 1583:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 3 28 dep microgels 381:389 arg1 cross-linked 419:430 cross-linked 419:430 cross-linked by Ca2+ 419:438 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 3 28 dep microgels 381:389 arg1 loaded 391:396 loaded 391:396 loaded with polymyxin B 391:413 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 11 29 from particles 2159:2167 arg1 chains 2114:2119 alginate chains 2105:2119 alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles 2105:2167 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 0 30 theme bacteria-mimicking 87:104 arg1 liposomes 106:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 9 31 theme wide 1622:1625 arg1 charge 1627:1632 rather wide charge 1615:1632 rather wide charge 1615:1632 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 4 32 theme peptide 766:772 arg1 encapsulation 774:786 peptide encapsulation 766:786 peptide encapsulation 766:786 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 9 33 theme efficient 1650:1658 arg1 complexation 1660:1671 efficient complexation 1650:1671 efficient complexation 1650:1671 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 0 34 theme charge 11:16 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes 0:114 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 11 35 theme high 2029:2032 arg1 strength 2040:2047 high ionic strength 2029:2047 high ionic strength 2029:2047 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 7 36 theme sharp 1223:1227 arg1 interfaces 1229:1238 sharp interfaces 1223:1238 sharp interfaces 1223:1238 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 4 37 dep investigated 656:667 arg1 whereas 758:764 whereas 758:764 whereas 758:764 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 7 38 from pH 5 1189:1192 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 2 39 theme peptide-carrying 334:349 arg1 microgels 351:359 peptide-carrying microgels 334:359 peptide-carrying microgels 334:359 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 5 40 theme membrane 851:858 arg1 interactions 860:871 membrane interactions 851:871 membrane interactions of these systems 851:888 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 11 41 theme free 2238:2241 arg1 peptide 2243:2249 the free peptide 2234:2249 the free peptide 2234:2249 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 7 42 theme peptide-polymer 1330:1344 arg1 affinity 1346:1353 a weaker peptide-polymer affinity 1321:1353 a weaker peptide-polymer affinity 1321:1353 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 7 43 from 7.4 1198:1200 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 0 44 dep charge 11:16 arg1 composition 31:41 composition 31:41 composition 31:41 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 0 44 dep charge 11:16 arg1 contrast 18:25 contrast 18:25 contrast 18:25 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 10 45 from strength 1950:1957 arg1 incorporation 1923:1935 microgel incorporation 1914:1935 microgel incorporation at low ionic strength 1914:1957 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 6 46 theme charge 977:982 arg1 contrast 984:991 charge contrast 977:991 charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation 977:1050 Our results indicate that charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation affects particle size and network dimensions. 31734459 11 47 from loss 2191:2194 arg1 interactions 2208:2219 membrane interactions 2199:2219 membrane interactions 2199:2219 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 4 48 theme resulting 618:626 arg1 nanoparticles 638:650 the resulting composite nanoparticles 614:650 the resulting composite nanoparticles 614:650 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 9 49 theme particle 1738:1745 arg1 interior 1747:1754 the particle interior 1734:1754 the particle interior at low ionic strength 1734:1776 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 0 50 with interactions 69:80 arg1 liposomes 106:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 10 51 theme this 1847:1850 arg1 consequence 1832:1842 a consequence 1830:1842 a consequence of this 1830:1850 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 10 51 theme this 1847:1850 arg1 destabilization 1879:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 11 52 theme membrane 2199:2206 arg1 interactions 2208:2219 membrane interactions 2199:2219 membrane interactions 2199:2219 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 11 53 theme disrupted 2130:2138 arg1 particles 2159:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 7 54 theme charge 1170:1175 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 0 55 with formation 55:63 arg1 liposomes 106:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 bacteria-mimicking liposomes 87:114 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 5 56 theme leakage 911:917 arg1 assays 919:924 dye leakage assays 907:924 dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles 907:948 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 3 57 theme polymyxin 403:411 arg1 B 413:413 polymyxin B 403:413 polymyxin B 403:413 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 9 58 theme ionic 1763:1767 arg1 strength 1769:1776 low ionic strength 1759:1776 low ionic strength 1759:1776 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 4 59 theme small-angle 672:682 arg1 scattering 690:699 small-angle X-ray scattering 672:699 small-angle X-ray scattering 672:699 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 7 60 theme polymyxin 1149:1157 arg1 contrast 1177:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast 1141:1184 maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 1141:1200 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 6 61 theme microgel 1033:1040 arg1 formation 1042:1050 microgel formation 1033:1050 microgel formation 1033:1050 Our results indicate that charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation affects particle size and network dimensions. 31734459 9 62 from strength 1769:1776 arg1 interior 1747:1754 the particle interior 1734:1754 the particle interior at low ionic strength 1734:1776 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 10 63 theme peptide-mediated 1853:1868 arg1 consequence 1832:1842 a consequence 1830:1842 a consequence of this 1830:1850 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 10 63 theme peptide-mediated 1853:1868 arg1 destabilization 1879:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 10 64 theme membrane 1870:1877 arg1 consequence 1832:1842 a consequence 1830:1842 a consequence of this 1830:1850 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 10 64 theme membrane 1870:1877 arg1 destabilization 1879:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 peptide-mediated membrane destabilization 1853:1893 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 4 65 theme nanoparticles 638:650 arg1 structure 601:609 The structure 597:609 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles 597:650 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 10 66 theme microgel 1914:1921 arg1 incorporation 1923:1935 microgel incorporation 1914:1935 microgel incorporation at low ionic strength 1914:1957 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 3 67 theme component 571:579 arg1 concentrations 581:594 component concentrations 571:594 component concentrations 571:594 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 9 68 theme high 1795:1798 arg1 concentration 1812:1824 high electrolyte concentration 1795:1824 high electrolyte concentration 1795:1824 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 0 69 from Effects 0:6 arg1 interactions 69:80 interactions 69:80 interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes 69:114 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 0 69 from Effects 0:6 arg1 formation 55:63 microgel formation 46:63 microgel formation 46:63 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 8 70 theme peptide 1518:1524 arg1 efficiency 1540:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 11 71 from strength 2040:2047 arg1 disruption 2015:2024 particle disruption 2006:2024 particle disruption at high ionic strength 2006:2047 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 10 72 theme ionic 1944:1948 arg1 strength 1950:1957 low ionic strength 1940:1957 low ionic strength 1940:1957 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 7 73 theme high 1406:1409 arg1 concentrations 1417:1430 high CaCl2 concentrations 1406:1430 high CaCl2 concentrations 1406:1430 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 8 74 from differences 1503:1513 arg1 release 1583:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 8 74 from differences 1503:1513 arg1 efficiency 1540:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 peptide encapsulation efficiency 1518:1549 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 2 75 theme such 255:258 arg1 systems 260:266 such systems 255:266 such systems 255:266 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 5 76 theme lipid 935:939 arg1 vesicles 941:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 6 77 theme network 1078:1084 arg1 dimensions 1086:1095 network dimensions 1078:1095 network dimensions 1078:1095 Our results indicate that charge contrast between polymyxin B and alginate during microgel formation affects particle size and network dimensions. 31734459 8 78 theme electrolyte-induced 1555:1573 arg1 release 1583:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 electrolyte-induced peptide release 1555:1589 Quantitatively, however, these effects were relatively minor, as were differences in peptide encapsulation efficiency and electrolyte-induced peptide release. 31734459 4 79 theme dynamic 702:708 arg1 scattering 716:725 dynamic light scattering 702:725 dynamic light scattering 702:725 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31734459 2 80 theme systems 260:266 arg1 design 245:250 rational design 236:250 rational design of such systems 236:266 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 5 81 from assays 919:924 arg1 vesicles 941:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 model lipid vesicles 929:948 Furthermore, membrane interactions of these systems were assessed by dye leakage assays in model lipid vesicles. 31734459 1 82 theme antimicrobial 172:184 arg1 AMP 196:198 AMP 196:198 AMP 196:198 Microgels offer opportunities for improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP). 31734459 1 82 theme antimicrobial 172:184 arg1 peptides 186:193 antimicrobial peptides 172:193 antimicrobial peptides (AMP) 172:199 Microgels offer opportunities for improved delivery of antimicrobial peptides (AMP). 31734459 2 83 from effects 287:293 arg1 generation 320:329 the generation 316:329 the generation of peptide-carrying microgels 316:359 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 11 84 theme particle 2006:2013 arg1 disruption 2015:2024 particle disruption 2006:2024 particle disruption at high ionic strength 2006:2047 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 3 85 theme alginate 372:379 arg1 microgels 381:389 alginate microgels 372:389 alginate microgels 372:389 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 3 86 theme electrostatic 456:468 arg1 complexation 470:481 electrostatic complexation 456:481 electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer 456:553 For this, alginate microgels loaded with polymyxin B and cross-linked by Ca2+, were formed by electrostatic complexation using a hydrodynamic focusing three-dimensional (3D)-printed micromixer, varying pH and component concentrations. 31734459 9 87 theme particle 1677:1684 arg1 formation 1686:1694 particle formation 1677:1694 particle formation 1677:1694 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 11 88 theme ionic 2034:2038 arg1 strength 2040:2047 high ionic strength 2029:2047 high ionic strength 2029:2047 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 0 89 theme microgel 46:53 arg1 formation 55:63 microgel formation 46:63 microgel formation 46:63 Effects of charge contrast and composition on microgel formation and interactions with bacteria-mimicking liposomes. 31734459 7 90 theme weaker 1323:1328 arg1 affinity 1346:1353 a weaker peptide-polymer affinity 1321:1353 a weaker peptide-polymer affinity 1321:1353 In particular, while microgels prepared at maximum polymyxin B-alginate charge contrast at pH 5 and 7.4 are characterized by sharp interfaces, those formed at pH 9 are characterized by a more diffuse core, likely caused by a weaker peptide-polymer affinity, and a shell dominated by alginate that shrinks at high CaCl2 concentrations. 31734459 11 91 theme microgel 2150:2157 arg1 particles 2159:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 the disrupted composite microgel particles 2126:2167 After particle disruption at high ionic strength, however, some polymyxin B was found to remain bound to alginate chains from the disrupted composite microgel particles, resulting in partial loss in membrane interactions, compared to the free peptide. 31734459 9 92 theme polymyxin 1702:1710 arg1 B 1712:1712 polymyxin B 1702:1712 polymyxin B 1702:1712 This demonstrates that rather wide charge contrasts allow efficient complexation and particle formation, with polymyxin B encapsulated within the particle interior at low ionic strength, but released at high electrolyte concentration. 31734459 2 93 theme rational 236:243 arg1 design 245:250 rational design 236:250 rational design of such systems 236:266 To contribute to a foundation for rational design of such systems, we here study the effects of electrostatics on the generation of peptide-carrying microgels. 31734459 10 94 theme microgel 1979:1986 arg1 disruption 1988:1997 microgel disruption 1979:1997 microgel disruption 1979:1997 As a consequence of this, peptide-mediated membrane destabilization were suppressed by microgel incorporation at low ionic strength, but regained after microgel disruption. 31734459 4 95 theme composite 628:636 arg1 nanoparticles 638:650 the resulting composite nanoparticles 614:650 the resulting composite nanoparticles 614:650 The structure of the resulting composite nanoparticles was investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and z-potential measurements, whereas peptide encapsulation and release was monitored spectrophotometrically. 31496380 0 0 theme tablets 78:84 arg1 development 46:56 the development 42:56 the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium 42:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 0 1 theme release 70:76 arg1 tablets 78:84 extended release tablets 61:84 extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium 61:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 2 theme release 805:811 arg1 extent 790:795 the extent 786:795 the extent of drug release 786:811 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 0 3 theme model 89:93 arg1 sodium 111:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 4 theme viable 888:893 arg1 tool 895:898 a viable tool 886:898 a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 886:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 4 theme viable 888:893 arg1 design 876:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 1 5 dep Aim 119:121 arg1 design 140:145 Simplex lattice design 124:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design 119:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 4 6 theme formulations 957:968 arg1 patterns 928:935 the drug release patterns 911:935 the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 911:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 7 theme extended 940:947 arg1 formulations 957:968 extended release formulations 940:968 extended release formulations 940:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 8 theme wet-granulated 731:744 arg1 formulations 746:757 directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations 707:757 directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations 707:757 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 0 9 theme diclofenac 100:109 arg1 sodium 111:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 3 10 theme drug 453:456 arg1 release 458:464 drug release 453:464 drug release 453:464 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 11 theme hydroxypropyl 510:522 arg1 methylcellulose 524:538 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 510:538 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 510:538 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 4 12 theme drug 915:918 arg1 patterns 928:935 the drug release patterns 911:935 the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 911:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 0 13 theme drug 95:98 arg1 sodium 111:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 model drug diclofenac sodium 89:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 14 theme Conclusion 848:857 arg1 point 834:838 an arbitrary time point 816:838 an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion 816:857 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 3 15 theme methylcellulose 524:538 arg1 proportion 496:505 the proportion 492:505 the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 492:538 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 2 16 theme methylcellulose 352:366 arg1 levels 328:333 the levels 324:333 the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch 324:402 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 4 17 theme lattice 868:874 arg1 tool 895:898 a viable tool 886:898 a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 886:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 17 theme lattice 868:874 arg1 design 876:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 2 18 theme dicalcium 369:377 arg1 phosphate 379:387 dicalcium phosphate 369:387 dicalcium phosphate 369:387 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 4 19 theme Simplex 860:866 arg1 tool 895:898 a viable tool 886:898 a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 886:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 19 theme Simplex 860:866 arg1 design 876:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Simplex lattice design 860:881 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 0 20 theme lattice 23:29 arg1 design 31:36 simplex lattice design 15:36 simplex lattice design 15:36 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 21 theme release 920:926 arg1 patterns 928:935 the drug release patterns 911:935 the drug release patterns of extended release formulations 911:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 2 22 theme dissolution 281:291 arg1 rate 293:296 dissolution rate 281:296 dissolution rate 281:296 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 2 23 theme component 414:422 arg1 design 424:429 three component design 408:429 three component design 408:429 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 0 24 theme simplex 15:21 arg1 design 31:36 simplex lattice design 15:36 simplex lattice design 15:36 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 0 25 theme sodium 111:116 arg1 tablets 78:84 extended release tablets 61:84 extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium 61:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 3 26 theme direct 633:638 arg1 processing 621:630 processing 621:630 processing (direct compression/wet granulation) 621:667 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 26 theme direct 633:638 arg1 granulation 656:666 direct compression/wet granulation 633:666 direct compression/wet granulation 633:666 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 1 27 theme drug 180:183 arg1 release 185:191 drug release 180:191 drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 180:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 1 28 from tablets 233:239 arg1 extent 170:175 extent 170:175 extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 170:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 1 28 from tablets 233:239 arg1 release 185:191 drug release 180:191 drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 180:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 3 29 theme compression/wet 640:654 arg1 processing 621:630 processing 621:630 processing (direct compression/wet granulation) 621:667 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 29 theme compression/wet 640:654 arg1 granulation 656:666 direct compression/wet granulation 633:666 direct compression/wet granulation 633:666 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 30 theme dicalcium 583:591 arg1 phosphate 593:601 dicalcium phosphate 583:601 dicalcium phosphate 583:601 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 1 31 theme release 185:191 arg1 extent 170:175 extent 170:175 extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 170:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 0 32 theme design 31:36 arg1 Application 0:10 Application 0:10 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 0:117 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 33 dep equations 681:689 arg1 constructed 691:701 constructed 691:701 equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion 681:857 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 3 34 theme processing 621:630 arg1 proportion 569:578 the proportion 565:578 the proportion of dicalcium phosphate 565:601 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 34 theme processing 621:630 arg1 method 611:616 the method 607:616 the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation) 607:667 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 35 theme phosphate 593:601 arg1 proportion 569:578 the proportion 565:578 the proportion of dicalcium phosphate 565:601 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 3 35 theme phosphate 593:601 arg1 method 611:616 the method 607:616 the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation) 607:667 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 2 36 theme cornstarch 393:402 arg1 levels 328:333 the levels 324:333 the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch 324:402 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 4 37 theme release 949:955 arg1 formulations 957:968 extended release formulations 940:968 extended release formulations 940:968 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 38 theme h. 845:846 arg1 Conclusion 848:857 3 h. Conclusion 843:857 3 h. Conclusion 843:857 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 4 39 theme compressed 716:725 arg1 formulations 746:757 directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations 707:757 directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations 707:757 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 2 40 from effects 255:261 arg1 rate 293:296 dissolution rate 281:296 dissolution rate 281:296 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 3 41 theme release 458:464 arg1 rate 445:448 The rate 441:448 The rate of drug release 441:464 Results: The rate of drug release was primarily dictated by the proportion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and was also affected by the proportion of dicalcium phosphate and the method of processing (direct compression/wet granulation). 31496380 1 42 theme extended 198:205 arg1 tablets 233:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 4 43 theme drug 800:803 arg1 release 805:811 drug release 800:811 drug release 800:811 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 2 44 theme composition 266:276 arg1 effects 255:261 The effects 251:261 The effects of composition on dissolution rate 251:296 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 1 45 theme lattice 132:138 arg1 design 140:145 Simplex lattice design 124:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design 119:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 1 46 theme release 207:213 arg1 tablets 233:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 0 47 theme extended 61:68 arg1 tablets 78:84 extended release tablets 61:84 extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium 61:116 Application of simplex lattice design for the development of extended release tablets of model drug diclofenac sodium. 31496380 4 48 theme time 829:832 arg1 point 834:838 an arbitrary time point 816:838 an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion 816:857 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 1 49 from extent 170:175 arg1 tablets 233:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 1 50 theme Simplex 124:130 arg1 design 140:145 Simplex lattice design 124:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design 119:145 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 2 51 theme phosphate 379:387 arg1 levels 328:333 the levels 324:333 the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch 324:402 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 1 52 theme diclofenac 215:224 arg1 tablets 233:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31496380 4 53 theme arbitrary 819:827 arg1 point 834:838 an arbitrary time point 816:838 an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion 816:857 Polynomial equations constructed for directly compressed and wet-granulated formulations could successfully predict the extent of drug release at an arbitrary time point of 3 h. Conclusion: Simplex lattice design is a viable tool to predict the drug release patterns of extended release formulations. 31496380 2 54 theme hydroxypropyl 338:350 arg1 methylcellulose 352:366 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 338:366 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 338:366 Methods: The effects of composition on dissolution rate were evaluated by varying the levels of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dicalcium phosphate and cornstarch via three component design. 31496380 1 55 theme sodium 226:231 arg1 tablets 233:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 extended release diclofenac sodium tablets 198:239 Aim: Simplex lattice design was applied to predict extent of drug release from extended release diclofenac sodium tablets. 31759999 4 0 theme surface 972:978 arg1 hydrophobicity 980:993 surface hydrophobicity 972:993 surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°) 972:1079 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 3 1 theme surface 684:690 arg1 coating 692:698 surface coating 684:698 surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) 684:732 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 5 2 contain containing 1208:1217 arg2 acid 1219:1222 acid 1219:1222 acid 1219:1222 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 5 2 contain containing 1208:1217 arg2 electrolyte 1239:1249 electrolyte 1239:1249 electrolyte 1239:1249 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 5 2 contain containing 1208:1217 arg1 solutions 1198:1206 aqueous solutions 1190:1206 aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte 1190:1249 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 5 2 contain containing 1208:1217 arg2 alkaline 1225:1232 alkaline 1225:1232 alkaline 1225:1232 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 1 3 theme great 164:168 arg1 application 170:180 great application 164:180 great application 164:180 Biopolymers have shown great application prospects due to their advantages of being biodegradable, renewable, non-toxic, safe and inexpensive. 31759999 0 4 theme films 89:93 arg1 resistance 46:55 the water and chemicals resistance 22:55 the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films 22:93 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 5 5 theme obtained 1097:1104 arg1 films 1106:1110 the obtained films 1093:1110 the obtained films 1093:1110 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 7 6 theme universal 1467:1475 arg1 way 1491:1493 a simple, universal and effective way 1457:1493 a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals 1457:1582 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 6 7 theme tensile 1397:1403 arg1 strength 1405:1412 the film's tensile strength 1386:1412 the film's tensile strength 1386:1412 Moreover, the surface coating also increased the film's tensile strength from 11.43 to 28.69 MPa. 31759999 4 8 with nanofilaments 801:813 arg1 size 823:826 a size 821:826 a size of approximately 50 nm 821:849 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 0 9 theme simple 100:105 arg1 approach 131:138 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 4 10 theme film 871:874 arg1 surface 876:882 the film surface 867:882 the film surface 867:882 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 3 11 theme alcohol 542:548 arg1 film 560:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 2 12 theme innate 297:302 arg1 hydrophilicity 304:317 the innate hydrophilicity 293:317 the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers 293:332 However, the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers means the materials prepared from them easily swell or disintegrate in aqueous media, limiting their applications. 31759999 5 13 theme long 1177:1180 arg1 time 1182:1185 a long time 1175:1185 a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte 1175:1249 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 0 14 theme surface 115:121 arg1 coating 123:129 in-situ surface coating 107:129 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 4 15 theme 50 nm 845:849 arg1 size 823:826 a size 821:826 a size of approximately 50 nm 821:849 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 5 16 theme uncoated 1280:1287 arg1 film 1289:1292 the uncoated film 1276:1292 the uncoated film 1276:1292 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 2 17 theme aqueous 405:411 arg1 media 413:417 aqueous media 405:417 aqueous media 405:417 However, the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers means the materials prepared from them easily swell or disintegrate in aqueous media, limiting their applications. 31759999 0 18 theme in-situ 107:113 arg1 coating 123:129 in-situ surface coating 107:129 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 3 19 theme vinyl 536:540 arg1 film 560:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 5 20 theme original 1129:1136 arg1 shape 1138:1142 their original shape 1123:1142 their original shape 1123:1142 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 2 21 theme biopolymers 322:332 arg1 hydrophilicity 304:317 the innate hydrophilicity 293:317 the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers 293:332 However, the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers means the materials prepared from them easily swell or disintegrate in aqueous media, limiting their applications. 31759999 4 22 theme contact 1014:1020 arg1 angle 1022:1026 a contact angle 1012:1026 a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°) 1012:1079 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 4 22 theme contact 1014:1020 arg1 111.8° 1029:1034 111.8° 1029:1034 111.8° 1029:1034 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 2 23 from swell 380:384 arg1 media 413:417 aqueous media 405:417 aqueous media 405:417 However, the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers means the materials prepared from them easily swell or disintegrate in aqueous media, limiting their applications. 31759999 3 24 theme film 560:563 arg1 performance 498:508 the mechanical performance 483:508 the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 483:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 5 25 from time 1182:1185 arg1 solutions 1198:1206 aqueous solutions 1190:1206 aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte 1190:1249 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 0 26 theme water 26:30 arg1 resistance 46:55 the water and chemicals resistance 22:55 the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films 22:93 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 7 27 link biopolymer-derived 1524:1541 arg1 materials 1543:1551 biopolymer-derived materials 1524:1551 biopolymer-derived materials 1524:1551 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 0 28 theme coating 123:129 arg1 approach 131:138 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 a simple in-situ surface coating approach 98:138 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 3 29 theme SA/PVA 552:557 arg1 film 560:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 0 30 theme chemicals 36:44 arg1 resistance 46:55 the water and chemicals resistance 22:55 the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films 22:93 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 7 31 theme effective 1481:1489 arg1 way 1491:1493 a simple, universal and effective way 1457:1493 a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals 1457:1582 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 3 32 theme palygorskite 580:591 arg1 nanorods 599:606 palygorskite (Pal) nanorods 580:606 palygorskite (Pal) nanorods 580:606 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 4 33 theme SA/PVA/Pal 1057:1066 arg1 72.7° 1074:1078 72.7° 1074:1078 72.7° 1074:1078 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 4 33 theme SA/PVA/Pal 1057:1066 arg1 film 1068:1071 SA/PVA/Pal film 1057:1071 SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°) 1057:1079 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 3 34 theme polycondensation 769:784 arg1 reaction 786:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 6 35 theme surface 1355:1361 arg1 coating 1363:1369 the surface coating 1351:1369 the surface coating 1351:1369 Moreover, the surface coating also increased the film's tensile strength from 11.43 to 28.69 MPa. 31759999 2 36 from disintegrate 389:400 arg1 media 413:417 aqueous media 405:417 aqueous media 405:417 However, the innate hydrophilicity of biopolymers means the materials prepared from them easily swell or disintegrate in aqueous media, limiting their applications. 31759999 7 37 theme various 1566:1572 arg1 chemicals 1574:1582 various chemicals 1566:1582 various chemicals 1566:1582 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 7 38 theme materials 1543:1551 arg1 resistance 1510:1519 the resistance 1506:1519 the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals 1506:1582 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 3 39 theme mechanical 487:496 arg1 performance 498:508 the mechanical performance 483:508 the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 483:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 40 theme vapor 744:748 arg1 reaction 786:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 41 theme film 655:658 arg1 hydrophobicity 613:626 the hydrophobicity 609:626 the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film 609:658 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 42 with coating 692:698 arg1 MTCS 728:731 MTCS 728:731 MTCS 728:731 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 42 with coating 692:698 arg1 methyltrichlorosilane 705:725 methyltrichlorosilane 705:725 methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) 705:732 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 43 theme deposition-surface 750:767 arg1 reaction 786:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction 742:793 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 4 44 theme silanization 891:902 arg1 reaction 904:911 the silanization reaction 887:911 the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls 887:938 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 7 45 theme simple 1459:1464 arg1 way 1491:1493 a simple, universal and effective way 1457:1493 a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals 1457:1582 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 4 46 theme MTCS 796:799 arg1 nanofilaments 801:813 MTCS nanofilaments 796:813 MTCS nanofilaments 796:813 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 7 47 theme biopolymer-derived 1524:1541 arg1 materials 1543:1551 biopolymer-derived materials 1524:1551 biopolymer-derived materials 1524:1551 This demonstrates a simple, universal and effective way to improve the resistance of biopolymer-derived materials to water and various chemicals. 31759999 3 48 theme obtained 635:642 arg1 film 655:658 the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film 631:658 the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film 631:658 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 5 49 theme original 1325:1332 arg1 shape 1334:1338 its original shape 1321:1338 its original shape 1321:1338 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 5 50 theme aqueous 1190:1196 arg1 solutions 1198:1206 aqueous solutions 1190:1206 aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte 1190:1249 Therefore, the obtained films maintained their original shape and strength after soaking for a long time in aqueous solutions containing acid, alkaline, and electrolyte, also in organics, while the uncoated film dissolved quickly and lost its original shape. 31759999 0 51 theme nanocomposite 75:87 arg1 films 89:93 alginate-based nanocomposite films 60:93 alginate-based nanocomposite films 60:93 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 3 52 theme SA/PVA/Pal 644:653 arg1 film 655:658 the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film 631:658 the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film 631:658 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 3 53 theme sodium 515:520 arg1 film 560:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 4 54 from improvement 957:967 arg1 hydrophobicity 980:993 surface hydrophobicity 972:993 surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°) 972:1079 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 0 55 theme alginate-based 60:73 arg1 films 89:93 alginate-based nanocomposite films 60:93 alginate-based nanocomposite films 60:93 Significantly improve the water and chemicals resistance of alginate-based nanocomposite films by a simple in-situ surface coating approach. 31759999 3 56 theme alginate/poly 522:534 arg1 film 560:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film 513:563 Herein, on the basis of improving the mechanical performance of a sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) (SA/PVA) film by introducing palygorskite (Pal) nanorods, the hydrophobicity of the obtained SA/PVA/Pal film was improved further by surface coating with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) through a vapor deposition-surface polycondensation reaction. 31759999 4 57 theme higher 1037:1042 arg1 angle 1022:1026 a contact angle 1012:1026 a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°) 1012:1079 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31759999 4 57 theme higher 1037:1042 arg1 111.8° 1029:1034 111.8° 1029:1034 111.8° 1029:1034 MTCS nanofilaments, with a size of approximately 50 nm, were formed on the film surface by the silanization reaction between MTCS and hydroxyls, resulting in an improvement in surface hydrophobicity characterized by a contact angle (111.8°) higher than that of SA/PVA/Pal film (72.7°). 31088532 10 0 theme SEC-CAD 1453:1459 arg1 chromatograms 1461:1473 SEC-CAD chromatograms 1453:1473 SEC-CAD chromatograms 1453:1473 Additionally, SEC-CAD chromatograms indicated the heterogeneous nature of the samples. 31088532 7 1 theme common 1003:1008 arg1 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 1 theme common 1003:1008 arg1 acids 1017:1021 common uronic acids 1003:1021 common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac) 1003:1052 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 1 theme common 1003:1008 arg1 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 1 theme common 1003:1008 arg1 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 1 theme common 1003:1008 arg1 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 0 2 theme quality 46:52 arg1 control 54:60 a quality control 44:60 a quality control 44:60 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 7 3 dep sugars 1061:1066 arg1 GlcNAc 1084:1089 GlcNAc 1084:1089 GlcNAc 1084:1089 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 3 dep sugars 1061:1066 arg1 GalN 1075:1078 GalN 1075:1078 GalN 1075:1078 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 3 dep sugars 1061:1066 arg1 GlcN 1069:1072 GlcN 1069:1072 GlcN 1069:1072 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 3 dep sugars 1061:1066 arg1 sugars 1061:1066 amino sugars 1055:1066 amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) 1055:1090 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 9 4 theme acid 1368:1371 arg1 products 1373:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. 31088532 1 5 theme carbohydrates 135:147 arg1 analysis 123:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis 110:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates 110:147 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 9 6 theme HILIC-CAD 1312:1320 arg1 analysis 1322:1329 HILIC-CAD analysis 1312:1329 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1312:1380 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. 31088532 3 7 theme amino 561:565 arg1 analysis 573:580 acidic and amino sugar analysis 550:580 analysis 573:580 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 6 8 gly homogeneity 926:936 arg1 acids 952:956 hyaluronic acids 941:956 hyaluronic acids 941:956 Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. 31088532 3 9 from report 540:545 arg1 analysis 573:580 acidic and amino sugar analysis 550:580 analysis 573:580 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 3 10 theme sugar 567:571 arg1 analysis 573:580 acidic and amino sugar analysis 550:580 analysis 573:580 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 1 11 theme complimentary 260:272 arg1 instrumentation 274:288 complimentary instrumentation 260:288 complimentary instrumentation 260:288 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 4 12 theme select 694:699 arg1 monosaccharides 709:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 4 13 theme gradient 631:638 arg1 method 640:645 a gradient method 629:645 a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 629:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 3 14 theme acidic 550:555 arg1 analysis 573:580 acidic and amino sugar analysis 550:580 analysis 573:580 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 9 15 theme hyaluronic 1357:1366 arg1 products 1373:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. 31088532 5 16 theme HILIC-CAD 751:759 arg1 method 761:766 the HILIC-CAD method 747:766 the HILIC-CAD method 747:766 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 5 17 theme composition 782:792 arg1 application 732:742 an application 729:742 an application of the HILIC-CAD method 729:766 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 5 17 theme composition 782:792 arg1 analysis 794:801 composition analysis 782:801 composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 782:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 9 18 theme purchased 1347:1355 arg1 products 1373:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1334:1380 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. 31088532 5 19 theme purchased 819:827 arg1 products 845:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 6 20 theme SEC 895:897 arg1 experiments 899:909 SEC experiments 895:909 SEC experiments 895:909 Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. 31088532 7 21 dep sugars 1111:1116 arg1 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 21 dep sugars 1111:1116 arg1 sugars 1111:1116 select neutral sugars 1096:1116 select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) 1096:1142 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 21 dep sugars 1111:1116 arg1 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 21 dep sugars 1111:1116 arg1 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 21 dep sugars 1111:1116 arg1 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 22 theme gradient 1152:1159 arg1 method 1171:1176 a gradient HILIC-CAD method 1150:1176 a gradient HILIC-CAD method 1150:1176 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 2 23 theme effective 319:327 arg1 platform 329:336 an effective platform 316:336 an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization 316:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 10 24 theme samples 1517:1523 arg1 nature 1503:1508 the heterogeneous nature 1485:1508 the heterogeneous nature of the samples 1485:1523 Additionally, SEC-CAD chromatograms indicated the heterogeneous nature of the samples. 31088532 8 25 theme optimized 1183:1191 arg1 method 1202:1207 The optimized gradient method 1179:1207 The optimized gradient method 1179:1207 The optimized gradient method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (RSD < 8%), LOD (< 85 ng/mL) and LOQ (< 280 ng/mL). 31088532 5 26 theme hyaluronic 829:838 arg1 products 845:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 1 27 theme instrumentation 274:288 arg1 techniques 226:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 1 27 theme instrumentation 274:288 arg1 requirement 245:255 the requirement 241:255 the requirement of complimentary instrumentation 241:288 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 8 28 theme gradient 1193:1200 arg1 method 1202:1207 The optimized gradient method 1179:1207 The optimized gradient method 1179:1207 The optimized gradient method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (RSD < 8%), LOD (< 85 ng/mL) and LOQ (< 280 ng/mL). 31088532 2 29 theme carbohydrates 396:408 arg1 analysis 376:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis 342:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization 342:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 0 30 theme aerosol 18:24 arg1 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 0 30 theme aerosol 18:24 arg1 detector 26:33 charged aerosol detector 10:33 charged aerosol detector (CAD) 10:39 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 0 31 theme polymers 100:107 arg1 analysis 75:82 analysis 75:82 analysis of carbohydrate polymers 75:107 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 9 32 theme products 1373:1380 arg1 analysis 1322:1329 HILIC-CAD analysis 1312:1329 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 1312:1380 HILIC-CAD analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products indicated that samples were composed of GlcNAc and GlcA. 31088532 0 33 theme charged 10:16 arg1 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 0 33 theme charged 10:16 arg1 detector 26:33 charged aerosol detector 10:33 charged aerosol detector (CAD) 10:39 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 0 34 theme carbohydrate 87:98 arg1 polymers 100:107 carbohydrate polymers 87:107 carbohydrate polymers 87:107 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 2 35 theme composition 364:374 arg1 analysis 376:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis 342:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization 342:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 1 36 theme QC 120:121 arg1 analysis 123:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis 110:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates 110:147 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 3 37 theme several 444:450 arg1 sugars 460:465 several neutral sugars 444:465 several neutral sugars 444:465 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 4 38 theme monosaccharides 709:723 arg1 analysis 664:671 simultaneous analysis 651:671 simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 651:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 4 39 theme simultaneous 651:662 arg1 analysis 664:671 simultaneous analysis 651:671 simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 651:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 4 40 theme acidic 676:681 arg1 monosaccharides 709:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 1 41 theme lengthy 189:195 arg1 techniques 226:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 3 42 theme neutral 452:458 arg1 sugars 460:465 several neutral sugars 444:465 several neutral sugars 444:465 Although, several neutral sugars have been separated and detected using HILIC-CAD, there has not been any report on acidic and amino sugar analysis using this method. 31088532 6 43 theme SEC-CAD 966:972 arg1 method 974:979 a SEC-CAD method 964:979 a SEC-CAD method 964:979 Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. 31088532 8 44 theme good 1222:1225 arg1 R2 > 0.99 1238:1246 R2 > 0.99 1238:1246 R2 > 0.99 1238:1246 The optimized gradient method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (RSD < 8%), LOD (< 85 ng/mL) and LOQ (< 280 ng/mL). 31088532 8 44 theme good 1222:1225 arg1 linearity 1227:1235 good linearity 1222:1235 good linearity (R2 > 0.99) 1222:1247 The optimized gradient method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (RSD < 8%), LOD (< 85 ng/mL) and LOQ (< 280 ng/mL). 31088532 5 45 theme acid 840:843 arg1 products 845:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 806:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 7 46 theme select 1096:1101 arg1 sugars 1111:1116 select neutral sugars 1096:1116 select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) 1096:1142 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 46 theme select 1096:1101 arg1 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 46 theme select 1096:1101 arg1 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 46 theme select 1096:1101 arg1 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 46 theme select 1096:1101 arg1 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 2 47 theme monosaccharide 349:362 arg1 analysis 376:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis 342:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization 342:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 7 48 theme neutral 1103:1109 arg1 sugars 1111:1116 select neutral sugars 1096:1116 select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) 1096:1142 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 48 theme neutral 1103:1109 arg1 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 Gal 1139:1141 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 48 theme neutral 1103:1109 arg1 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 Man 1131:1133 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 48 theme neutral 1103:1109 arg1 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 LFuc 1125:1128 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 48 theme neutral 1103:1109 arg1 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 LRha 1119:1122 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 49 theme amino 1055:1059 arg1 GlcNAc 1084:1089 GlcNAc 1084:1089 GlcNAc 1084:1089 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 49 theme amino 1055:1059 arg1 GalN 1075:1078 GalN 1075:1078 GalN 1075:1078 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 49 theme amino 1055:1059 arg1 GlcN 1069:1072 GlcN 1069:1072 GlcN 1069:1072 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 49 theme amino 1055:1059 arg1 sugars 1061:1066 amino sugars 1055:1066 amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) 1055:1090 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 2 50 theme direct 342:347 arg1 analysis 376:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis 342:383 direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization 342:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 6 51 theme acids 952:956 arg1 homogeneity 926:936 homogeneity 926:936 homogeneity of hyaluronic acids 926:956 Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. 31088532 7 52 dep acids 1017:1021 arg1 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 52 dep acids 1017:1021 arg1 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 52 dep acids 1017:1021 arg1 acids 1017:1021 common uronic acids 1003:1021 common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac) 1003:1052 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 52 dep acids 1017:1021 arg1 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 52 dep acids 1017:1021 arg1 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 0 53 with HPLC 0:3 arg1 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 CAD 36:38 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 0 53 with HPLC 0:3 arg1 detector 26:33 charged aerosol detector 10:33 charged aerosol detector (CAD) 10:39 HPLC with charged aerosol detector (CAD) as a quality control platform for analysis of carbohydrate polymers. 31088532 10 54 theme heterogeneous 1489:1501 arg1 nature 1503:1508 the heterogeneous nature 1485:1508 the heterogeneous nature of the samples 1485:1523 Additionally, SEC-CAD chromatograms indicated the heterogeneous nature of the samples. 31088532 1 55 theme laborious 201:209 arg1 techniques 226:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 4 56 dep acidic 676:681 arg1 neutral 701:707 neutral 701:707 neutral 701:707 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 31088532 7 57 theme uronic 1010:1015 arg1 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 GlcA 1024:1027 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 57 theme uronic 1010:1015 arg1 acids 1017:1021 common uronic acids 1003:1021 common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac) 1003:1052 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 57 theme uronic 1010:1015 arg1 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 LIdoA 1036:1040 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 57 theme uronic 1010:1015 arg1 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 Neu5Ac 1046:1051 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 7 57 theme uronic 1010:1015 arg1 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 GalA 1030:1033 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 1 58 theme OBJECTIVE 110:118 arg1 analysis 123:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis 110:130 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates 110:147 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 7 59 dep RESULTS 982:988 arg1 separated 993:1001 separated 993:1001 separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method 993:1176 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 1 60 theme derivatization 211:224 arg1 techniques 226:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques 189:235 OBJECTIVE QC analysis of carbohydrates has been historically cumbersome due to lengthy and laborious derivatization techniques and the requirement of complimentary instrumentation. 31088532 5 61 theme method 761:766 arg1 application 732:742 an application 729:742 an application of the HILIC-CAD method 729:766 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 5 61 theme method 761:766 arg1 analysis 794:801 composition analysis 782:801 composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 782:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 2 62 theme complex 388:394 arg1 carbohydrates 396:408 complex carbohydrates 388:408 complex carbohydrates without derivatization 388:431 HILIC-CAD has emerged as an effective platform for direct monosaccharide composition analysis of complex carbohydrates without derivatization. 31088532 7 63 theme HILIC-CAD 1161:1169 arg1 method 1171:1176 a gradient HILIC-CAD method 1150:1176 a gradient HILIC-CAD method 1150:1176 RESULTS We separated common uronic acids (GlcA, GalA, LIdoA and Neu5Ac), amino sugars (GlcN, GalN and GlcNAc) and select neutral sugars (LRha, LFuc, Man and Gal) using a gradient HILIC-CAD method. 31088532 6 64 theme hyaluronic 941:950 arg1 acids 952:956 hyaluronic acids 941:956 hyaluronic acids 941:956 Additionally, since CAD is suitable for SEC experiments, we tested the homogeneity of hyaluronic acids using a SEC-CAD method. 31088532 5 65 theme products 845:852 arg1 application 732:742 an application 729:742 an application of the HILIC-CAD method 729:766 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 5 65 theme products 845:852 arg1 analysis 794:801 composition analysis 782:801 composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products 782:852 As an application of the HILIC-CAD method, we performed composition analysis of commercially purchased hyaluronic acid products. 31088532 4 66 theme amino 684:688 arg1 monosaccharides 709:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides 676:723 In this study, we developed a gradient method for simultaneous analysis of acidic, amino and select neutral monosaccharides. 29667998 6 0 theme scaly 1205:1209 arg1 texture 1211:1217 a scaly texture 1203:1217 a scaly texture 1203:1217 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 1 1 from China 257:261 arg1 history 231:237 a long history 224:237 a long history of application in China 224:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 10 2 theme μM 1562:1563 arg1 IC50 1548:1551 an IC50 1545:1551 an IC50 of 3.945 μM in vitro 1545:1572 However, PL70-1-1 exhibited outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 3.945 μM in vitro. 29667998 4 3 theme magnetic 810:817 arg1 resonance 819:827 nuclear magnetic resonance 802:827 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 802:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 5 4 dep α-d-glucose 1021:1031 arg1 1→3 1009:1011 1→3 1009:1011 1→3 1009:1011 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 4 5 theme nuclear 802:808 arg1 resonance 819:827 nuclear magnetic resonance 802:827 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 802:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 2 6 theme responsible 292:302 arg1 constituents 279:290 the constituents 275:290 the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata 275:353 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 5 7 link -linked 954:960 arg1 α-d-glucose 962:972 (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose 949:972 (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose 949:972 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 2 8 theme anti-hyperglycemic 312:329 arg1 activities 331:340 the anti-hyperglycemic activities 308:340 the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata 308:353 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 1 9 from application 242:252 arg1 China 257:261 China 257:261 China 257:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 5 10 theme -linked 1072:1078 arg1 β-d-glucose 1080:1090 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 1068:1090 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 1068:1090 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 6 11 contain had 1158:1160 arg1 PL70-1-1 1149:1156 PL70-1-1 1149:1156 PL70-1-1 1149:1156 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 6 11 contain had 1158:1160 arg2 shape 1176:1180 a needle-like shape 1162:1180 a needle-like shape 1162:1180 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 8 12 theme selective 1344:1352 arg1 effects 1365:1371 selective inhibitory effects 1344:1371 selective inhibitory effects 1344:1371 In addition, PL70 and PL70-1 displayed selective inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro. 29667998 4 13 theme resonance 819:827 arg1 NMR 843:845 NMR 843:845 NMR 843:845 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 13 theme resonance 819:827 arg1 spectroscopy 829:840 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 802:840 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 802:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 9 14 theme α-glucosidase 1434:1446 arg1 activity 1459:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 PL70 had remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. 29667998 2 15 theme exchange 459:466 arg1 column 468:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 7 16 theme triple-helix 1281:1292 arg1 structure 1294:1302 a triple-helix structure 1279:1302 a triple-helix structure 1279:1302 The Congo red experiment showed that PL70-1-1 did not have a triple-helix structure. 29667998 1 17 from history 231:237 arg1 China 257:261 China 257:261 China 257:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 2 18 theme water-soluble 358:370 arg1 PL70-1-1 388:395 PL70-1-1 388:395 PL70-1-1 388:395 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 2 18 theme water-soluble 358:370 arg1 polysaccharide 372:385 a water-soluble polysaccharide 356:385 a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) 356:396 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 4 19 theme composition 718:728 arg1 analysis 730:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 19 theme composition 718:728 arg1 spectroscopy 681:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy 654:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 654:700 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 10 20 theme outstanding 1497:1507 arg1 activity 1530:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 However, PL70-1-1 exhibited outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 3.945 μM in vitro. 29667998 2 21 theme lobata 348:353 arg1 activities 331:340 the anti-hyperglycemic activities 308:340 the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata 308:353 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 0 22 theme Pueraria 89:96 arg1 lobata 98:103 Pueraria lobata 89:103 Pueraria lobata 89:103 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 5 23 theme branch 1042:1047 arg1 chain 1049:1053 the branch chain 1038:1053 the branch chain 1038:1053 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 4 24 theme monosaccharide 703:716 arg1 analysis 730:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 24 theme monosaccharide 703:716 arg1 spectroscopy 681:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy 654:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 654:700 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 0 25 theme lobata 98:103 arg1 root 81:84 the root 77:84 the root of Pueraria lobata 77:103 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 8 26 theme inhibitory 1354:1363 arg1 effects 1365:1371 selective inhibitory effects 1344:1371 selective inhibitory effects 1344:1371 In addition, PL70 and PL70-1 displayed selective inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro. 29667998 12 27 theme blood 1745:1749 arg1 level 1759:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 PL70-1-1 may be beneficial as an α-amylase inhibitor, reducing the postprandial blood glucose level and treating type 2 diabetes. 29667998 5 28 link -linked 1072:1078 arg1 β-d-glucose 1080:1090 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 1068:1090 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 1068:1090 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 7 29 theme red 1230:1232 arg1 experiment 1234:1243 The Congo red experiment 1220:1243 The Congo red experiment 1220:1243 The Congo red experiment showed that PL70-1-1 did not have a triple-helix structure. 29667998 5 30 dep α-d-glucose 962:972 arg1 1→4 950:952 1→4 950:952 1→4 950:952 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 6 31 theme needle-like 1164:1174 arg1 shape 1176:1180 a needle-like shape 1162:1180 a needle-like shape 1162:1180 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 5 32 theme main 900:903 arg1 chain 905:909 its main chain 896:909 its main chain 896:909 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 12 33 theme postprandial 1732:1743 arg1 level 1759:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 PL70-1-1 may be beneficial as an α-amylase inhibitor, reducing the postprandial blood glucose level and treating type 2 diabetes. 29667998 4 34 theme transform-infrared 662:679 arg1 analysis 730:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 34 theme transform-infrared 662:679 arg1 chromatography 744:757 gas chromatography 740:757 gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 740:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 34 theme transform-infrared 662:679 arg1 spectroscopy 681:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy 654:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 654:700 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 34 theme transform-infrared 662:679 arg1 FT-IR 695:699 FT-IR 695:699 FT-IR 695:699 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 1 35 theme medicinal 156:164 arg1 root 110:113 The root 106:113 The root of Pueraria lobata 106:132 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 1 35 theme medicinal 156:164 arg1 herb 177:180 a medicinal and edible herb 154:180 herb 177:180 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 12 36 theme glucose 1751:1757 arg1 level 1759:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 the postprandial blood glucose level 1728:1763 PL70-1-1 may be beneficial as an α-amylase inhibitor, reducing the postprandial blood glucose level and treating type 2 diabetes. 29667998 1 37 theme long 226:229 arg1 history 231:237 a long history 224:237 a long history of application in China 224:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 2 38 theme gel 497:499 arg1 column 512:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 6 39 contain had 1199:1201 arg1 surface 1191:1197 the surface 1187:1197 the surface 1187:1197 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 6 39 contain had 1199:1201 arg2 texture 1211:1217 a scaly texture 1203:1217 a scaly texture 1203:1217 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 10 40 theme inhibitory 1519:1528 arg1 activity 1530:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 However, PL70-1-1 exhibited outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 3.945 μM in vitro. 29667998 9 41 contain had 1419:1421 arg2 activity 1459:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 PL70 had remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. 29667998 9 41 contain had 1419:1421 arg1 PL70 1414:1417 PL70 1414:1417 PL70 1414:1417 PL70 had remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. 29667998 11 42 theme higher 1622:1627 arg1 times 1616:1620 417 times 1612:1620 417 times higher than the positive control acarbose 1612:1662 This indicated that its activity was 417 times higher than the positive control acarbose. 29667998 2 43 theme S-100 491:495 arg1 column 512:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 3 44 theme performance 574:584 arg1 chromatography 601:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography 569:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) 569:622 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 44 theme performance 574:584 arg1 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 7 45 theme Congo 1224:1228 arg1 experiment 1234:1243 The Congo red experiment 1220:1243 The Congo red experiment 1220:1243 The Congo red experiment showed that PL70-1-1 did not have a triple-helix structure. 29667998 5 46 link -linked 983:989 arg1 β-d-glucose 991:1001 (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose 975:1001 β-d-glucose 991:1001 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 1 47 theme edible 170:175 arg1 root 110:113 The root 106:113 The root of Pueraria lobata 106:132 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 1 47 theme edible 170:175 arg1 herb 177:180 a medicinal and edible herb 154:180 herb 177:180 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 5 48 link -linked 928:934 arg1 β-d-glucose 936:946 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 924:946 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 924:946 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 2 49 theme Sephacryl 481:489 arg1 column 512:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 3 50 theme gel 586:588 arg1 chromatography 601:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography 569:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) 569:622 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 50 theme gel 586:588 arg1 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 6 51 theme microscopy 1126:1135 arg1 results 1097:1103 The results 1093:1103 The results of scanning electron microscopy 1093:1135 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 10 52 theme α-amylase 1509:1517 arg1 activity 1530:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity 1497:1537 However, PL70-1-1 exhibited outstanding α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 3.945 μM in vitro. 29667998 1 53 theme application 242:252 arg1 history 231:237 a long history 224:237 a long history of application in China 224:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 12 54 theme type 1778:1781 arg1 diabetes 1785:1792 type 2 diabetes 1778:1792 type 2 diabetes 1778:1792 PL70-1-1 may be beneficial as an α-amylase inhibitor, reducing the postprandial blood glucose level and treating type 2 diabetes. 29667998 9 55 theme remarkable 1423:1432 arg1 activity 1459:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 PL70 had remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. 29667998 2 56 theme anion 453:457 arg1 column 468:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 5 57 theme -linked 954:960 arg1 α-d-glucose 962:972 (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose 949:972 (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose 949:972 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 3 58 theme high 569:572 arg1 chromatography 601:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography 569:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) 569:622 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 58 theme high 569:572 arg1 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 59 theme molecular 524:532 arg1 weight 534:539 Its molecular weight 520:539 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) 520:549 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 59 theme molecular 524:532 arg1 Da 547:548 2584 Da 542:548 2584 Da 542:548 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 5 60 link -linked 1013:1019 arg1 α-d-glucose 1021:1031 (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose 1008:1031 (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose 1008:1031 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 7 61 contain have 1274:1277 arg1 PL70-1-1 1257:1264 PL70-1-1 1257:1264 PL70-1-1 1257:1264 The Congo red experiment showed that PL70-1-1 did not have a triple-helix structure. 29667998 7 61 contain have 1274:1277 arg2 structure 1294:1302 a triple-helix structure 1279:1302 a triple-helix structure 1279:1302 The Congo red experiment showed that PL70-1-1 did not have a triple-helix structure. 29667998 11 62 theme control 1647:1653 arg1 acarbose 1655:1662 the positive control acarbose 1634:1662 the positive control acarbose 1634:1662 This indicated that its activity was 417 times higher than the positive control acarbose. 29667998 12 63 theme α-amylase 1698:1706 arg1 inhibitor 1708:1716 an α-amylase inhibitor 1695:1716 an α-amylase inhibitor 1695:1716 PL70-1-1 may be beneficial as an α-amylase inhibitor, reducing the postprandial blood glucose level and treating type 2 diabetes. 29667998 4 64 theme mass 772:775 arg1 GC-MS 791:795 GC-MS 791:795 GC-MS 791:795 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 64 theme mass 772:775 arg1 spectrometry 777:788 mass spectrometry 772:788 mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 772:796 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 6 65 theme scanning 1108:1115 arg1 microscopy 1126:1135 scanning electron microscopy 1108:1135 scanning electron microscopy 1108:1135 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 5 66 theme -linked 1013:1019 arg1 α-d-glucose 1021:1031 (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose 1008:1031 (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose 1008:1031 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 6 67 theme electron 1117:1124 arg1 microscopy 1126:1135 scanning electron microscopy 1108:1135 scanning electron microscopy 1108:1135 The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that PL70-1-1 had a needle-like shape, and the surface had a scaly texture. 29667998 1 68 contain has 220:222 arg1 it 217:218 it 217:218 it 217:218 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 1 68 contain has 220:222 arg2 history 231:237 a long history 224:237 a long history of application in China 224:261 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 4 69 theme Fourier 654:660 arg1 analysis 730:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 monosaccharide composition analysis 703:737 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 69 theme Fourier 654:660 arg1 chromatography 744:757 gas chromatography 740:757 gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 740:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 69 theme Fourier 654:660 arg1 spectroscopy 681:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy 654:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 654:700 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 69 theme Fourier 654:660 arg1 FT-IR 695:699 FT-IR 695:699 FT-IR 695:699 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 2 70 theme filtration 501:510 arg1 column 512:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column 479:517 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 3 71 theme permeation 590:599 arg1 chromatography 601:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography 569:614 high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) 569:622 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 3 71 theme permeation 590:599 arg1 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 HPGPC 617:621 Its molecular weight (2584 Da) was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 29667998 11 72 theme positive 1638:1645 arg1 acarbose 1655:1662 the positive control acarbose 1634:1662 the positive control acarbose 1634:1662 This indicated that its activity was 417 times higher than the positive control acarbose. 29667998 0 73 theme glucan 65:70 arg1 purification 11:22 purification 11:22 purification 11:22 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 73 theme glucan 65:70 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 73 theme glucan 65:70 arg1 bioactivities 46:58 bioactivities 46:58 bioactivities 46:58 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 73 theme glucan 65:70 arg1 characterization 25:40 characterization 25:40 characterization 25:40 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 74 from root 81:84 arg1 purification 11:22 purification 11:22 purification 11:22 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 74 from root 81:84 arg1 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation 0:8 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 74 from root 81:84 arg1 bioactivities 46:58 bioactivities 46:58 bioactivities 46:58 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 0 74 from root 81:84 arg1 characterization 25:40 characterization 25:40 characterization 25:40 Isolation, purification, characterization and bioactivities of a glucan from the root of Pueraria lobata. 29667998 5 75 theme -linked 928:934 arg1 β-d-glucose 936:946 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 924:946 (1→)-linked β-d-glucose 924:946 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 1 76 theme Pueraria 118:125 arg1 lobata 127:132 Pueraria lobata 118:132 Pueraria lobata 118:132 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 5 77 dep β-d-glucose 936:946 arg1 1→ 925:926 1→ 925:926 1→ 925:926 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 2 78 theme DEAE-Cellulose 435:448 arg1 column 468:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column 433:473 To explore the constituents responsible for the anti-hyperglycemic activities of P. lobata, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PL70-1-1) was isolated and purified by using a DEAE-Cellulose 52 anion exchange column and a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column. 29667998 5 79 theme -linked 983:989 arg1 β-d-glucose 991:1001 (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose 975:1001 β-d-glucose 991:1001 It was deduced that PL70-1-1 was a glucan, and its main chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose, (1→4)-linked α-d-glucose, (1→4, 6)-linked β-d-glucose, and (1→3)-linked α-d-glucose, and the branch chain consisted of (1→)-linked β-d-glucose. 29667998 4 80 theme gas 740:742 arg1 chromatography 744:757 gas chromatography 740:757 gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) 740:846 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 4 80 theme gas 740:742 arg1 spectroscopy 681:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy 654:692 Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 654:700 Its structure was deduced by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), monosaccharide composition analysis, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 29667998 1 81 theme lobata 127:132 arg1 root 110:113 The root 106:113 The root of Pueraria lobata 106:132 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 1 81 theme lobata 127:132 arg1 herb 177:180 a medicinal and edible herb 154:180 herb 177:180 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 29667998 9 82 theme inhibitory 1448:1457 arg1 activity 1459:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1423:1466 PL70 had remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. 29667998 1 83 theme diabetes 203:210 arg1 treatment 190:198 the treatment 186:198 the treatment of diabetes 186:210 The root of Pueraria lobata is considered to be a medicinal and edible herb for the treatment of diabetes, and it has a long history of application in China. 30977985 6 0 theme cell 1023:1026 arg1 lines 1028:1032 cell lines 1023:1032 cell lines 1023:1032 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 3 1 theme axonal 628:633 arg1 growth 635:640 axonal growth 628:640 axonal growth after brain injury 628:659 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 4 2 theme CNS 717:719 arg1 diseases 701:708 diseases 701:708 diseases of the CNS 701:719 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 4 3 theme precise 800:806 arg1 roles 808:812 the precise roles 796:812 the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain 796:851 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 6 4 from expression 1009:1018 arg1 lines 1028:1032 cell lines 1023:1032 cell lines 1023:1032 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 6 5 used used 1070:1073 arg2 techniques 1054:1063 immunostaining techniques 1039:1063 immunostaining techniques 1039:1063 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 6 6 theme mouse 1097:1101 arg1 tissues 1109:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 1 7 theme central 175:181 arg1 system 191:196 the central nervous system 171:196 the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique 171:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 1 7 theme central 175:181 arg1 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 11 8 theme neonatal 1727:1734 arg1 mice 1736:1739 neonatal mice 1727:1739 neonatal mice 1727:1739 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 9 9 theme novel 1404:1408 arg1 neurocan 1390:1397 neurocan 1390:1397 neurocan 1390:1397 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 9 9 theme novel 1404:1408 arg1 component 1410:1418 a novel component 1402:1418 a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12 1402:1463 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 9 10 theme ECM 1429:1431 arg1 neurocan 1390:1397 neurocan 1390:1397 neurocan 1390:1397 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 9 10 theme ECM 1429:1431 arg1 component 1410:1418 a novel component 1402:1418 a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12 1402:1463 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 4 11 theme metalloproteases 823:838 arg1 roles 808:812 the precise roles 796:812 the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain 796:851 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 9 12 dep RESULTS 1368:1374 arg1 identified 1379:1388 identified 1379:1388 identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12 1379:1463 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 2 13 theme family 437:442 arg1 members 415:421 different members 405:421 different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 405:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 11 14 theme significant 1674:1684 arg1 accumulation 1686:1697 the significant accumulation 1670:1697 the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice 1670:1739 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 0 15 theme Metalloprotease 45:59 arg1 Implications 72:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications 32:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies 32:99 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 1 16 theme matrix 155:160 arg1 composition 122:132 The composition 118:132 The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique 118:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 6 17 theme Western 934:940 arg1 analysis 947:954 Western blot analysis 934:954 Western blot analysis 934:954 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 5 18 dep METHODS 854:860 arg1 expression 889:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 5 18 dep METHODS 854:860 arg1 METHODS 854:860 METHODS 854:860 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression 854:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 5 18 dep METHODS 854:860 arg1 ADAMTS12 862:869 ADAMTS12 862:869 ADAMTS12 862:869 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 0 19 theme Potential 62:70 arg1 Implications 72:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications 32:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies 32:99 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 13 20 theme neurological 2005:2016 arg1 disorders 2018:2026 neurological disorders 2005:2026 neurological disorders 2005:2026 Moreover, it can be inferred that alterations in neurocan degradation processes could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. 30977985 2 21 theme secreted 447:454 arg1 metalloproteases 456:471 secreted metalloproteases 447:471 secreted metalloproteases 447:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 8 22 theme uncoated 1294:1301 arg1 dishes 1311:1316 uncoated culture dishes 1294:1316 uncoated culture dishes 1294:1316 Cell adhesion and migration were assessed using uncoated culture dishes or dishes coated with Matrigel or ECM components. 30977985 10 23 theme H4 1581:1582 arg1 line 1589:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 7 24 theme Neurocan 1118:1125 arg1 cleavage 1127:1134 Neurocan cleavage 1118:1134 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1118:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 6 25 theme protein 1001:1007 arg1 expression 1009:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression 979:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines 979:1032 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 10 26 theme human 1563:1567 arg1 line 1589:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 4 27 from involvement 675:685 arg1 diseases 701:708 diseases 701:708 diseases of the CNS 701:719 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 4 28 theme ADAMTSs 690:696 arg1 involvement 675:685 the involvement 671:685 the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS 671:719 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 5 29 theme neurocan 875:882 arg1 expression 889:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 5 29 theme neurocan 875:882 arg1 METHODS 854:860 METHODS 854:860 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression 854:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 2 30 theme members 415:421 arg1 some 353:356 some 353:356 some 353:356 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 2 30 theme members 415:421 arg1 versican 319:326 versican 319:326 versican 319:326 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 2 30 theme members 415:421 arg1 substrates 391:400 substrates 391:400 substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 391:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 3 31 theme tissue 598:603 arg1 stimulation 613:623 the stimulation 609:623 the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury 609:659 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 3 31 theme tissue 598:603 arg1 degradation 572:582 degradation 572:582 degradation of glial scar tissue 572:603 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 10 32 theme line 1589:1592 arg1 properties 1545:1554 the adhesive properties 1532:1554 the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1532:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 7 33 theme western 1228:1234 arg1 blotting 1236:1243 western blotting 1228:1243 western blotting 1228:1243 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 3 34 theme glial 587:591 arg1 tissue 598:603 glial scar tissue 587:603 glial scar tissue 587:603 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 13 35 theme degradation 1938:1948 arg1 processes 1950:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 Moreover, it can be inferred that alterations in neurocan degradation processes could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. 30977985 2 36 theme proteoglycans 297:309 arg1 presence 285:292 the presence 281:292 the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 281:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 5 37 theme quantitative 916:927 arg1 PCR 929:931 quantitative PCR 916:931 quantitative PCR 916:931 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 11 38 theme mice 1656:1659 arg1 analysis 1625:1632 immunohistochemical analysis 1605:1632 immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice 1605:1659 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 1 39 theme several 208:214 arg1 features 216:223 several features 208:223 several features that make it unique 208:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 11 40 theme immunohistochemical 1605:1623 arg1 analysis 1625:1632 immunohistochemical analysis 1605:1632 immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice 1605:1659 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 3 41 theme brain 648:652 arg1 injury 654:659 brain injury 648:659 brain injury 648:659 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 7 42 theme ADAMTS5 1172:1178 arg1 metalloproteases 1194:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 10 43 theme neurocan 1494:1501 arg1 cleavage 1503:1510 neurocan cleavage 1494:1510 neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 1494:1522 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 3 44 theme growth 635:640 arg1 stimulation 613:623 the stimulation 609:623 the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury 609:659 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 3 44 theme growth 635:640 arg1 degradation 572:582 degradation 572:582 degradation of glial scar tissue 572:603 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 6 45 theme brain 1103:1107 arg1 tissues 1109:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 3 46 theme Previous 474:481 arg1 studies 483:489 Previous studies 474:489 Previous studies 474:489 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 13 47 from alterations 1914:1924 arg1 processes 1950:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 Moreover, it can be inferred that alterations in neurocan degradation processes could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. 30977985 7 48 theme ADAMTS1 1154:1160 arg1 metalloproteases 1194:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 4 49 theme current 764:770 arg1 challenge 772:780 a current challenge 762:780 a current challenge 762:780 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 1 50 theme nervous 183:189 arg1 system 191:196 the central nervous system 171:196 the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique 171:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 1 50 theme nervous 183:189 arg1 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 0 51 from Implications 72:83 arg1 Neuropathies 88:99 Neuropathies 88:99 Neuropathies 88:99 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 11 52 theme mice 1736:1739 arg1 brain 1718:1722 the brain 1714:1722 the brain of neonatal mice 1714:1739 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 3 53 theme CNS 538:540 arg1 repair 524:529 the repair 520:529 the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury 520:659 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 10 54 theme adhesive 1536:1543 arg1 properties 1545:1554 the adhesive properties 1532:1554 the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1532:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 9 55 theme brain 1423:1427 arg1 ECM 1429:1431 brain ECM 1423:1431 brain ECM 1423:1431 RESULTS We identified neurocan as a novel component of brain ECM that can be cleaved by ADAMTS12. 30977985 11 56 from accumulation 1686:1697 arg1 brain 1718:1722 the brain 1714:1722 the brain of neonatal mice 1714:1739 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 11 57 theme neurocan 1702:1709 arg1 accumulation 1686:1697 the significant accumulation 1670:1697 the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice 1670:1739 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 4 58 from roles 808:812 arg1 brain 847:851 the brain 843:851 the brain 843:851 However, the involvement of ADAMTSs in diseases of the CNS is complex and not understood fully, and a current challenge is unraveling the precise roles of these metalloproteases in the brain. 30977985 1 59 theme extracellular 141:153 arg1 matrix 155:160 the extracellular matrix 137:160 the extracellular matrix (ECM) 137:166 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 1 59 theme extracellular 141:153 arg1 ECM 163:165 ECM 163:165 ECM 163:165 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 6 60 theme blot 942:945 arg1 analysis 947:954 Western blot analysis 934:954 Western blot analysis 934:954 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 2 61 theme ADAMTS 430:435 arg1 family 437:442 the ADAMTS family 426:442 the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 426:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 8 62 theme Cell 1246:1249 arg1 adhesion 1251:1258 Cell adhesion 1246:1258 Cell adhesion 1246:1258 Cell adhesion and migration were assessed using uncoated culture dishes or dishes coated with Matrigel or ECM components. 30977985 7 63 theme recombinant 1142:1152 arg1 metalloproteases 1194:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 13 64 theme disorders 2018:2026 arg1 pathogenesis 1989:2000 the pathogenesis 1985:2000 the pathogenesis of neurological disorders 1985:2026 Moreover, it can be inferred that alterations in neurocan degradation processes could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. 30977985 5 65 theme gene 884:887 arg1 expression 889:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 neurocan gene expression 875:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 5 65 theme gene 884:887 arg1 METHODS 854:860 METHODS 854:860 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression 854:898 METHODS ADAMTS12 and neurocan gene expression was examined by quantitative PCR. 30977985 2 66 theme metalloproteases 456:471 arg1 family 437:442 the ADAMTS family 426:442 the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 426:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 12 67 dep CONCLUSION 1742:1751 arg1 suggest 1774:1780 suggest 1774:1780 suggest that ADAMTS12 could be involved in the repair of the CNS through its ability to degrade neurocan 1774:1877 CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that ADAMTS12 could be involved in the repair of the CNS through its ability to degrade neurocan. 30977985 10 68 theme neuroglioma 1569:1579 arg1 line 1589:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 12 69 theme CNS 1835:1837 arg1 repair 1821:1826 the repair 1817:1826 the repair of the CNS 1817:1837 CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that ADAMTS12 could be involved in the repair of the CNS through its ability to degrade neurocan. 30977985 6 70 theme neurocan 992:999 arg1 expression 1009:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression 979:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines 979:1032 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 8 71 theme culture 1303:1309 arg1 dishes 1311:1316 uncoated culture dishes 1294:1316 uncoated culture dishes 1294:1316 Cell adhesion and migration were assessed using uncoated culture dishes or dishes coated with Matrigel or ECM components. 30977985 0 72 theme New 14:16 arg1 Neurocan 0:7 Neurocan 0:7 Neurocan 0:7 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 0 72 theme New 14:16 arg1 Substrate 18:26 a New Substrate 12:26 a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies 12:99 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 1 73 from composition 122:132 arg1 system 191:196 the central nervous system 171:196 the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique 171:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 1 73 from composition 122:132 arg1 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 CNS 199:201 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 6 74 theme ADAMTS12 979:986 arg1 expression 1009:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression 979:1018 ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines 979:1032 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 3 75 theme scar 593:596 arg1 tissue 598:603 glial scar tissue 587:603 glial scar tissue 587:603 Previous studies have associated ADAMTSs with the repair of the CNS, including recovery following degradation of glial scar tissue and the stimulation of axonal growth after brain injury. 30977985 6 76 from neurocan 1085:1092 arg1 tissues 1109:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 mouse brain tissues 1097:1115 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 2 77 theme different 405:413 arg1 members 415:421 different members 405:421 different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases 405:471 For instance, it is remarkable for the presence of proteoglycans such as versican, brevican, and neurocan, some of which have been identified as substrates of different members of the ADAMTS family of secreted metalloproteases. 30977985 13 78 theme neurocan 1929:1936 arg1 processes 1950:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 neurocan degradation processes 1929:1958 Moreover, it can be inferred that alterations in neurocan degradation processes could be associated with the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. 30977985 10 79 theme cell 1584:1587 arg1 line 1589:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 the human neuroglioma H4 cell line 1559:1592 In addition, we showed that neurocan cleavage by ADAMTS12 altered the adhesive properties of the human neuroglioma H4 cell line. 30977985 0 80 theme ADAMTS12 36:43 arg1 Implications 72:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications 32:83 the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies 32:99 Neurocan is a New Substrate for the ADAMTS12 Metalloprotease: Potential Implications in Neuropathies. 30977985 6 81 theme immunostaining 1039:1052 arg1 techniques 1054:1063 immunostaining techniques 1039:1063 immunostaining techniques 1039:1063 Western blot analysis was employed to detect ADAMTS12 and neurocan protein expression in cell lines, and immunostaining techniques were used to detect neurocan in mouse brain tissues. 30977985 11 82 theme Adamts12-deficient 1637:1654 arg1 mice 1656:1659 Adamts12-deficient mice 1637:1659 Adamts12-deficient mice 1637:1659 Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis of Adamts12-deficient mice revealed the significant accumulation of neurocan in the brain of neonatal mice. 30977985 8 83 theme ECM 1352:1354 arg1 components 1356:1365 ECM components 1352:1365 ECM components 1352:1365 Cell adhesion and migration were assessed using uncoated culture dishes or dishes coated with Matrigel or ECM components. 30977985 7 84 theme ADAMTS4 1163:1169 arg1 metalloproteases 1194:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 30977985 1 85 dep system 191:196 arg1 has 204:206 has 204:206 has several features that make it unique 204:243 BACKGROUND/AIMS The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the central nervous system (CNS) has several features that make it unique. 30977985 7 86 theme ADAMTS12 1185:1192 arg1 metalloproteases 1194:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases 1142:1209 Neurocan cleavage using recombinant ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, and ADAMTS12 metalloproteases was evaluated by western blotting. 31122042 2 0 theme gut 498:500 arg1 microbiota 502:511 the gut microbiota 494:511 the gut microbiota 494:511 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 2 1 theme probiotic 359:367 arg1 BL 410:411 BL 410:411 BL 410:411 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 2 1 theme probiotic 359:367 arg1 Zhengchangsheng® 392:407 the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® 355:407 the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) 355:412 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 4 2 theme several 741:747 arg1 index 831:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 2 theme several 741:747 arg1 loss 798:801 weight loss 791:801 weight loss 791:801 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 2 theme several 741:747 arg1 integrity 871:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 2 theme several 741:747 arg1 effects 749:755 several effects 741:755 several effects 741:755 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 1 3 theme colitis 169:175 arg1 models 177:182 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models 113:182 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice 113:190 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 1 4 theme several 254:260 arg1 probiotics 262:271 several probiotics 254:271 several probiotics 254:271 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 4 5 theme intestinal 852:861 arg1 integrity 871:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 5 6 theme microbiota 932:941 arg1 richness 943:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 5 7 theme faecal 925:930 arg1 richness 943:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 4 8 theme BL 727:728 arg1 Administration 709:722 Administration 709:722 Administration of BL 709:728 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 1 9 theme experimental 156:167 arg1 colitis 169:175 experimental colitis 156:175 experimental colitis 156:175 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 6 10 with mice 1055:1058 arg1 colitis 1065:1071 colitis 1065:1071 colitis 1065:1071 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 4 11 theme disease 814:820 arg1 index 831:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 6 12 from level 1046:1050 arg1 mice 1055:1058 mice 1055:1058 mice with colitis 1055:1071 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 7 13 theme valuable 1292:1299 arg1 insight 1301:1307 valuable insight 1292:1307 valuable insight into microbiota interactions during IBD 1292:1347 Our results demonstrate that BL can attenuate DSS-induced colitis and provide valuable insight into microbiota interactions during IBD. 31122042 1 14 used used 284:287 arg2 probiotics 262:271 several probiotics 254:271 several probiotics 254:271 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 4 15 theme increased 804:812 arg1 index 831:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 2 16 dep Bacillus 369:376 arg1 licheniformis 378:390 licheniformis 378:390 licheniformis 378:390 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 6 17 theme proportional 1170:1181 arg1 decrease 1183:1190 a proportional decrease 1168:1190 a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes 1168:1211 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 2 18 theme -induced 455:462 arg1 colitis 464:470 dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis 426:470 dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis 426:470 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 3 19 theme % 577:577 arg1 DSS 579:581 3% DSS 576:581 3% DSS 576:581 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 6 20 theme endotoxin 1036:1044 arg1 level 1046:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level 1011:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis 1011:1071 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 4 21 theme activity 822:829 arg1 index 831:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 6 22 theme microbiota 1120:1129 arg1 composition 1101:1111 the microbial composition 1087:1111 the microbial composition of the microbiota 1087:1129 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 5 23 theme DSS 955:957 arg1 mice 967:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 1 24 theme Human 113:117 arg1 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 1 24 theme Human 113:117 arg1 disease 138:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease 113:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 113:150 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 4 25 theme weight 791:796 arg1 loss 798:801 weight loss 791:801 weight loss 791:801 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 6 26 theme elevated 1015:1022 arg1 level 1046:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level 1011:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis 1011:1071 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 1 27 theme inflammatory 119:130 arg1 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 1 27 theme inflammatory 119:130 arg1 disease 138:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease 113:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 113:150 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 3 28 theme Experimental 514:525 arg1 colitis 527:533 Experimental colitis 514:533 Experimental colitis 514:533 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 6 29 theme microbial 1091:1099 arg1 composition 1101:1111 the microbial composition 1087:1111 the microbial composition of the microbiota 1087:1129 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 0 30 from microbiota 93:102 arg1 mice 107:110 mice 107:110 mice 107:110 Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® attenuates DSS-induced colitis and modulates the gut microbiota in mice. 31122042 3 31 theme drinking 592:599 arg1 water 601:605 their drinking water 586:605 their drinking water for 7 days 586:616 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 5 32 from reduction 912:920 arg1 richness 943:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 faecal microbiota richness 925:950 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 5 32 from reduction 912:920 arg1 mice 967:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 7 33 theme DSS-induced 1260:1270 arg1 colitis 1272:1278 DSS-induced colitis 1260:1278 DSS-induced colitis 1260:1278 Our results demonstrate that BL can attenuate DSS-induced colitis and provide valuable insight into microbiota interactions during IBD. 31122042 0 34 theme DSS-induced 51:61 arg1 colitis 63:69 DSS-induced colitis 51:69 DSS-induced colitis 51:69 Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® attenuates DSS-induced colitis and modulates the gut microbiota in mice. 31122042 1 35 theme gastrointestinal 300:315 arg1 health 317:322 gastrointestinal health 300:322 gastrointestinal health 300:322 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 6 36 theme gut 1195:1197 arg1 Bacteroidetes 1199:1211 gut Bacteroidetes 1195:1211 gut Bacteroidetes 1195:1211 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 1 37 from shifts 212:217 arg1 composition 237:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 1 38 theme bowel 132:136 arg1 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 IBD 147:149 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 1 38 theme bowel 132:136 arg1 disease 138:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease 113:144 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 113:150 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 4 39 theme barrier 863:869 arg1 integrity 871:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 3 40 theme phosphate-buffered 650:667 arg1 saline 669:674 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline 643:674 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline 643:674 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 7 41 theme microbiota 1314:1323 arg1 interactions 1325:1336 microbiota interactions 1314:1336 microbiota interactions during IBD 1314:1347 Our results demonstrate that BL can attenuate DSS-induced colitis and provide valuable insight into microbiota interactions during IBD. 31122042 1 42 theme disease 138:144 arg1 models 177:182 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models 113:182 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice 113:190 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 5 43 theme treated 959:965 arg1 mice 967:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 DSS treated mice 955:970 In addition, BL mitigated the reduction in faecal microbiota richness in DSS treated mice. 31122042 4 44 theme DSS-induced 760:770 arg1 colitis 772:778 DSS-induced colitis 760:778 DSS-induced colitis 760:778 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 6 45 from decrease 1183:1190 arg1 Bacteroidetes 1199:1211 gut Bacteroidetes 1195:1211 gut Bacteroidetes 1195:1211 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 1 46 theme gut 222:224 arg1 composition 237:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 3 47 theme BALB/C 550:555 arg1 mice 557:560 BALB/C mice 550:560 BALB/C mice 550:560 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 3 48 theme 0.2 643:645 arg1 ml 647:648 ml 647:648 ml 647:648 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 6 49 theme circulating 1024:1034 arg1 level 1046:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level 1011:1050 the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis 1011:1071 Interestingly, BL was found to reduce the elevated circulating endotoxin level in mice with colitis by modulating the microbial composition of the microbiota, and this was highly associated with a proportional decrease in gut Bacteroidetes. 31122042 4 50 theme disrupted 842:850 arg1 integrity 871:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 1 51 theme microbiota 226:235 arg1 composition 237:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 gut microbiota composition 222:247 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 0 52 theme gut 89:91 arg1 microbiota 93:102 the gut microbiota 85:102 the gut microbiota in mice 85:110 Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® attenuates DSS-induced colitis and modulates the gut microbiota in mice. 31122042 3 53 theme ml 647:648 arg1 saline 669:674 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline 643:674 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline 643:674 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 3 54 from DSS 579:581 arg1 water 601:605 their drinking water 586:605 their drinking water for 7 days 586:616 Experimental colitis was induced in BALB/C mice by dissolving 3% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days, which were gavaged with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline or BL (3×107 cfu/ml) once a day. 31122042 2 55 theme microbiota 502:511 arg1 alteration 480:489 alteration 480:489 alteration of the gut microbiota 480:511 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 4 56 theme colitis 772:778 arg1 index 831:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 increased disease activity index 804:835 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 56 theme colitis 772:778 arg1 loss 798:801 weight loss 791:801 weight loss 791:801 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 56 theme colitis 772:778 arg1 integrity 871:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 disrupted intestinal barrier integrity 842:879 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 4 56 theme colitis 772:778 arg1 effects 749:755 several effects 741:755 several effects 741:755 Administration of BL attenuated several effects of DSS-induced colitis, including weight loss, increased disease activity index, and disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. 31122042 1 57 from models 177:182 arg1 mice 187:190 mice 187:190 mice 187:190 Human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis models in mice are associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, and several probiotics are widely used to improve gastrointestinal health. 31122042 2 58 theme Bacillus 369:376 arg1 BL 410:411 BL 410:411 BL 410:411 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 31122042 2 58 theme Bacillus 369:376 arg1 Zhengchangsheng® 392:407 the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® 355:407 the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) 355:412 Here, we investigated whether the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis through alteration of the gut microbiota. 30600052 5 0 theme cellulose 775:783 arg1 Iβ 785:786 cellulose Iβ 775:786 cellulose Iβ 775:786 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 5 1 dep transform 708:716 arg1 indicates 749:757 indicates 749:757 transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09% 708:823 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 7 2 theme polymerization 1102:1115 arg1 temperature 1125:1135 the polymerization process temperature 1098:1135 the polymerization process temperature 1098:1135 The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the thermal stability of CGF up to 250 °C, which is well within the polymerization process temperature. 30600052 2 3 theme strength 352:359 arg1 fibers 367:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 4 4 theme average 567:573 arg1 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 4 4 theme average 567:573 arg1 area 591:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 5 5 theme Iβ 785:786 arg1 presence 763:770 the presence 759:770 the presence of cellulose Iβ 759:786 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 0 6 from characterization 14:29 arg1 stem 81:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 7 7 theme process 1117:1123 arg1 temperature 1125:1135 the polymerization process temperature 1098:1135 the polymerization process temperature 1098:1135 The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the thermal stability of CGF up to 250 °C, which is well within the polymerization process temperature. 30600052 1 8 theme Coccinia 172:179 arg1 CGF 196:198 CGF 196:198 CGF 196:198 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 1 8 theme Coccinia 172:179 arg1 fiber 189:193 Coccinia grandis fiber 172:193 Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 172:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 1 9 theme harmful 248:254 arg1 fibers 266:271 the harmful synthetic fibers 244:271 the harmful synthetic fibers 244:271 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 3 10 theme cell 516:519 arg1 wall 521:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 5 11 theme crystallinity 795:807 arg1 index 809:813 a crystallinity index 793:813 a crystallinity index of 46.09% 793:823 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 3 12 theme middle 546:551 arg1 lamellae 553:560 the middle lamellae 542:560 the middle lamellae 542:560 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 1 13 theme synthetic 256:264 arg1 fibers 266:271 the harmful synthetic fibers 244:271 the harmful synthetic fibers 244:271 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 2 14 theme stem 318:321 arg1 analysis 289:296 The anatomical analysis 274:296 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem 274:321 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 2 15 theme anatomical 278:287 arg1 analysis 289:296 The anatomical analysis 274:296 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem 274:321 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 4 16 theme cross-sectional 575:589 arg1 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 4 16 theme cross-sectional 575:589 arg1 area 591:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 3 17 theme primary 492:498 arg1 wall 521:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 4 18 theme CGF 615:617 arg1 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 0.0111 mm2 624:633 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 4 18 theme CGF 615:617 arg1 density 600:606 density 600:606 density 600:606 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 4 18 theme CGF 615:617 arg1 area 591:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area 563:594 The average cross-sectional area and density of the CGF were 0.0111 mm2 and 1.5175 ± 0.005 g/cm3 respectively. 30600052 1 19 theme grandis 181:187 arg1 CGF 196:198 CGF 196:198 CGF 196:198 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 1 19 theme grandis 181:187 arg1 fiber 189:193 Coccinia grandis fiber 172:193 Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 172:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 3 20 theme electron 415:422 arg1 microscopy 424:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 3 21 theme cell 527:530 arg1 lumen 532:536 cell lumen 527:536 cell lumen 527:536 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 1 22 theme fiber 189:193 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 3 23 theme light 385:389 arg1 microscopy 391:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 1 24 theme anatomical 91:100 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 6 25 theme CGF 879:881 arg1 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 6 25 theme CGF 879:881 arg1 modulus 843:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 6 25 theme CGF 879:881 arg1 strength 863:870 tensile strength 855:870 tensile strength of the CGF 855:881 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 0 26 theme Comprehensive 0:12 arg1 characterization 14:29 Comprehensive characterization 0:29 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 0:85 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 2 27 theme grandis 310:316 arg1 stem 318:321 Coccinia grandis stem 301:321 Coccinia grandis stem 301:321 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 3 28 theme CGF 438:440 arg1 microscopy 391:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 3 28 theme CGF 438:440 arg1 microscopy 424:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 0 29 theme natural 34:40 arg1 fiber 53:57 natural cellulosic fiber 34:57 natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem 34:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 2 30 theme Coccinia 301:308 arg1 stem 318:321 Coccinia grandis stem 301:321 Coccinia grandis stem 301:321 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 3 31 theme Polarized 375:383 arg1 microscopy 391:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy 375:400 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 7 32 theme CGF 1059:1061 arg1 stability 1046:1054 the thermal stability 1034:1054 the thermal stability of CGF 1034:1061 The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the thermal stability of CGF up to 250 °C, which is well within the polymerization process temperature. 30600052 5 33 theme infrared 718:725 arg1 analyses 727:734 infrared analyses 718:734 infrared analyses of the fiber 718:747 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 2 34 theme high 347:350 arg1 fibers 367:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 2 35 theme fibers 367:372 arg1 presence 335:342 the presence 331:342 the presence of high strength xylem fibers 331:372 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 0 36 theme fiber 53:57 arg1 characterization 14:29 Comprehensive characterization 0:29 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 0:85 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 6 37 from reinforcement 957:969 arg1 composites 982:991 polymer composites 974:991 polymer composites 974:991 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 6 38 theme tensile 855:861 arg1 strength 863:870 tensile strength 855:870 tensile strength of the CGF 855:881 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 3 39 theme hierarchical 450:461 arg1 structure 468:476 a hierarchical cell structure 448:476 a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae 448:560 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 0 40 theme cellulosic 42:51 arg1 fiber 53:57 natural cellulosic fiber 34:57 natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem 34:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 6 41 dep 124 GPa 888:894 arg1 sufficient 931:940 sufficient 931:940 sufficient 931:940 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 0 42 from stem 81:84 arg1 fiber 53:57 natural cellulosic fiber 34:57 natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem 34:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 0 42 from stem 81:84 arg1 characterization 14:29 Comprehensive characterization 0:29 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 0:85 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 5 43 theme % 823:823 arg1 index 809:813 a crystallinity index 793:813 a crystallinity index of 46.09% 793:823 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 3 44 theme cell 463:466 arg1 structure 468:476 a hierarchical cell structure 448:476 a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae 448:560 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 0 45 theme Coccinia 64:71 arg1 stem 81:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 5 46 theme x-ray 678:682 arg1 diffraction 684:694 The x-ray diffraction 674:694 The x-ray diffraction 674:694 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30600052 1 47 dep potential 220:228 arg1 substitute 230:239 substitute 230:239 substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers 230:271 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 1 48 theme mechanical 121:130 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 3 49 theme scanning 406:413 arg1 microscopy 424:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 3 50 theme secondary 506:514 arg1 wall 521:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 a primary and a secondary cell wall 490:524 Polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of CGF shows a hierarchical cell structure composed of a primary and a secondary cell wall, cell lumen and the middle lamellae. 30600052 6 51 theme Young 835:839 arg1 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 6 51 theme Young 835:839 arg1 modulus 843:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 7 52 theme thermogravimetric 998:1014 arg1 analysis 1016:1023 The thermogravimetric analysis 994:1023 The thermogravimetric analysis 994:1023 The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the thermal stability of CGF up to 250 °C, which is well within the polymerization process temperature. 30600052 1 53 theme thermal 133:139 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 1 54 theme physico-chemical 103:118 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 6 55 theme polymer 974:980 arg1 composites 982:991 polymer composites 974:991 polymer composites 974:991 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 7 56 theme thermal 1038:1044 arg1 stability 1046:1054 the thermal stability 1034:1054 the thermal stability of CGF 1034:1061 The thermogravimetric analysis confirms the thermal stability of CGF up to 250 °C, which is well within the polymerization process temperature. 30600052 6 57 theme mean 830:833 arg1 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 124 GPa 888:894 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 6 57 theme mean 830:833 arg1 modulus 843:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus 826:849 The mean Young's modulus and tensile strength of the CGF were 124 GPa and 775 MPa respectively, which is sufficient enough for the reinforcement in polymer composites. 30600052 1 58 theme surface 145:151 arg1 characteristics 153:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics 87:167 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) 87:199 The anatomical, physico-chemical, mechanical, thermal and surface characteristics of Coccinia grandis fiber (CGF) were studied for a potential substitute to the harmful synthetic fibers. 30600052 0 59 theme grandis 73:79 arg1 stem 81:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Coccinia grandis stem 64:84 Comprehensive characterization of natural cellulosic fiber from Coccinia grandis stem. 30600052 2 60 theme xylem 361:365 arg1 fibers 367:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 high strength xylem fibers 347:372 The anatomical analysis of Coccinia grandis stem reveals the presence of high strength xylem fibers. 30600052 5 61 theme fiber 743:747 arg1 analyses 727:734 infrared analyses 718:734 infrared analyses of the fiber 718:747 The x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the fiber indicates the presence of cellulose Iβ with a crystallinity index of 46.09%. 30678918 5 0 theme mineral 855:861 arg1 constituent 863:873 the major mineral constituent 845:873 the major mineral constituent of native bone 845:888 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 6 1 theme chitosan-gelatin 1064:1079 arg1 nanofibers 1091:1100 chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers 1064:1100 chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers 1064:1100 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 7 2 theme cell 1275:1278 arg1 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 7 2 theme cell 1275:1278 arg1 line 1280:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line 1253:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) 1253:1291 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 6 3 theme hydroxyapatite 1195:1208 arg1 efficiency 1181:1190 the mineralization efficiency 1162:1190 the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite 1162:1208 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 5 4 theme chemical 989:996 arg1 method 998:1003 a wet chemical method 983:1003 a wet chemical method 983:1003 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 6 5 theme structured 1131:1140 arg1 nanofibers 1142:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 7 6 theme hydroxyapatite 1349:1362 arg1 deposited 1364:1372 hydroxyapatite deposited 1349:1372 hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1349:1429 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 4 7 theme core-shell 653:662 arg1 nanofibers 664:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers 632:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers 632:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 2 8 theme bone 432:435 arg1 structure 382:390 the specific structure 369:390 the specific structure 369:390 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 2 8 theme bone 432:435 arg1 composition 409:419 the chemical composition 396:419 the chemical composition of natural bone 396:435 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 6 9 theme core-shell 1120:1129 arg1 nanofibers 1142:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 5 10 dep 6 828:828 arg1 HAP 836:838 HAP 836:838 HAP 836:838 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 5 10 dep 6 828:828 arg1 2 833:833 2 833:833 2 833:833 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 4 11 theme gelatin-chitosan 636:651 arg1 nanofibers 664:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers 632:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers 632:673 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 7 12 theme osteoblast 1259:1268 arg1 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 7 12 theme osteoblast 1259:1268 arg1 line 1280:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line 1253:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) 1253:1291 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 2 13 theme specific 373:380 arg1 structure 382:390 the specific structure 369:390 the specific structure 369:390 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 6 14 theme gelatin-chitosan 1103:1118 arg1 nanofibers 1142:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1103:1151 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 3 15 theme coaxial 442:448 arg1 technique 466:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique 438:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique 438:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 7 16 theme like 1270:1273 arg1 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 7 16 theme like 1270:1273 arg1 line 1280:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line 1253:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) 1253:1291 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 7 17 theme gelatin-chitosan 1381:1396 arg1 nanofibers 1420:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 2 18 theme chemical 400:407 arg1 composition 409:419 the chemical composition 396:419 the chemical composition of natural bone 396:435 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 3 19 theme cells 618:622 arg1 growth 624:629 cells growth 618:629 cells growth 618:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 6 20 theme HAP 1235:1237 arg1 deposit 1239:1245 a homogeneous HAP deposit 1221:1245 a homogeneous HAP deposit 1221:1245 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 5 21 theme nanofibers 969:978 arg1 surface 919:925 the surface 915:925 the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 915:978 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 1 22 theme tissue 215:220 arg1 engineering 222:232 bone tissue engineering 210:232 bone tissue engineering 210:232 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 23 theme biomimetic 1488:1497 arg1 material 1553:1560 a promising material 1541:1560 a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering 1541:1621 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 23 theme biomimetic 1488:1497 arg1 scaffolds 1509:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 0 24 theme core-shell 65:74 arg1 scaffold 21:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold 0:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell 0:74 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 25 theme osteoblast 1573:1582 arg1 growth 1589:1594 osteoblast cell growth 1573:1594 osteoblast cell growth 1573:1594 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 5 26 theme structured 958:967 arg1 nanofibers 969:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 0 27 theme composite 11:19 arg1 scaffold 21:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold 0:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell 0:74 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 7 28 theme structured 1409:1418 arg1 nanofibers 1420:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 1 29 theme Good 116:119 arg1 biocompatibility 121:136 biocompatibility 121:136 biocompatibility 121:136 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 3 30 theme structured 530:539 arg1 mat 552:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat 502:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 502:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 0 31 theme Biomimetic 0:9 arg1 scaffold 21:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold 0:28 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell 0:74 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 5 32 theme core-shell 947:956 arg1 nanofibers 969:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 3 33 theme nanofibers 541:550 arg1 mat 552:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat 502:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 502:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 3 34 theme electrospinning 450:464 arg1 technique 466:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique 438:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique 438:474 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 6 35 theme composite 1081:1089 arg1 nanofibers 1091:1100 chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers 1064:1100 chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers 1064:1100 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 8 36 theme cell 1584:1587 arg1 growth 1589:1594 osteoblast cell growth 1573:1594 osteoblast cell growth 1573:1594 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 37 theme composite 1499:1507 arg1 material 1553:1560 a promising material 1541:1560 a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering 1541:1621 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 37 theme composite 1499:1507 arg1 scaffolds 1509:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 7 38 theme Human 1253:1257 arg1 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 MG-63 1286:1290 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 7 38 theme Human 1253:1257 arg1 line 1280:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line 1253:1283 Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) 1253:1291 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 3 39 theme porous 587:592 arg1 structure 594:602 three-dimensional porous structure 569:602 three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 569:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 8 40 theme promising 1543:1551 arg1 material 1553:1560 a promising material 1541:1560 a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering 1541:1621 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 8 40 theme promising 1543:1551 arg1 scaffolds 1509:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds 1484:1517 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 4 41 theme -like 718:722 arg1 structure 724:732 Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure 682:732 Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure 682:732 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 1 42 theme bone 210:213 arg1 engineering 222:232 bone tissue engineering 210:232 bone tissue engineering 210:232 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 4 43 theme bone 776:779 arg1 matrix 795:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 3 44 theme gelatin-chitosan 502:517 arg1 mat 552:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat 502:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 502:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 7 45 theme cell 1464:1467 arg1 proliferation 1469:1481 osteoblast cell proliferation 1453:1481 osteoblast cell proliferation 1453:1481 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 2 46 theme composite 314:322 arg1 scaffolds 324:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 7 47 theme osteoblast 1453:1462 arg1 proliferation 1469:1481 osteoblast cell proliferation 1453:1481 osteoblast cell proliferation 1453:1481 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 0 48 theme hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan 33:63 arg1 core-shell 65:74 hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell 33:74 hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell 33:74 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 3 49 theme core-shell 519:528 arg1 mat 552:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat 502:554 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 502:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 2 50 theme nanofibers 303:312 arg1 scaffolds 324:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 5 51 theme gelatin-chitosan 930:945 arg1 nanofibers 969:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 930:978 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 3 52 theme three-dimensional 569:585 arg1 structure 594:602 three-dimensional porous structure 569:602 three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth 569:629 The coaxial electrospinning technique was introduced to prepare gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers mat which formed three-dimensional porous structure for promoting cells growth. 30678918 5 53 theme bone 885:888 arg1 constituent 863:873 the major mineral constituent 845:873 the major mineral constituent of native bone 845:888 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 6 54 theme gelatin 1041:1047 arg1 nanofibers 1049:1058 gelatin nanofibers 1041:1058 gelatin nanofibers 1041:1058 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 5 55 theme major 849:853 arg1 constituent 863:873 the major mineral constituent 845:873 the major mineral constituent of native bone 845:888 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 2 56 theme core-shell 292:301 arg1 scaffolds 324:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 2 57 theme natural 424:430 arg1 bone 432:435 natural bone 424:435 natural bone 424:435 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 2 58 theme biomimetic 249:258 arg1 scaffolds 324:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 2 59 theme hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan 260:290 arg1 scaffolds 324:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds 249:332 In this work, biomimetic hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers composite scaffolds have been fabricated to mimic both the specific structure and the chemical composition of natural bone. 30678918 1 60 theme three-dimensional 158:174 arg1 scaffolds 183:191 three-dimensional porous scaffolds 158:191 three-dimensional porous scaffolds 158:191 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 4 61 theme Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic 682:706 arg1 RGD 714:716 RGD 714:716 RGD 714:716 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 4 61 theme Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic 682:706 arg1 acid 708:711 Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid 682:711 Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD) 682:717 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 8 62 theme bone 1599:1602 arg1 engineering 1611:1621 bone tissue engineering 1599:1621 bone tissue engineering 1599:1621 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 1 63 theme porous 176:181 arg1 scaffolds 183:191 three-dimensional porous scaffolds 158:191 three-dimensional porous scaffolds 158:191 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 6 64 theme mineralization 1166:1179 arg1 efficiency 1181:1190 the mineralization efficiency 1162:1190 the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite 1162:1208 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 7 65 from deposited 1364:1372 arg1 nanofibers 1420:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 8 66 theme tissue 1604:1609 arg1 engineering 1611:1621 bone tissue engineering 1599:1621 bone tissue engineering 1599:1621 The biomimetic composite scaffolds could be suggested as a promising material to promote osteoblast cell growth in bone tissue engineering. 30678918 1 67 theme scaffolds 183:191 arg1 biocompatibility 121:136 biocompatibility 121:136 biocompatibility 121:136 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 1 67 theme scaffolds 183:191 arg1 osteogenesis 142:153 osteogenesis 142:153 osteogenesis 142:153 Good biocompatibility and osteogenesis of three-dimensional porous scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 4 68 theme organic 747:753 arg1 component 755:763 the organic component 743:763 the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix 743:800 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 0 69 theme tissue 96:101 arg1 engineering 103:113 bone tissue engineering 91:113 bone tissue engineering 91:113 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 4 70 theme matrix 795:800 arg1 component 755:763 the organic component 743:763 the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix 743:800 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 4 71 theme extracellular 781:793 arg1 matrix 795:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 7 72 theme core-shell 1398:1407 arg1 nanofibers 1420:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers 1377:1429 When Human osteoblast like cell line (MG-63) were cultured on the materials, the results showed that hydroxyapatite deposited on the gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers could further enhance osteoblast cell proliferation. 30678918 6 73 theme homogeneous 1223:1233 arg1 deposit 1239:1245 a homogeneous HAP deposit 1221:1245 a homogeneous HAP deposit 1221:1245 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 4 74 theme natural 768:774 arg1 matrix 795:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 natural bone extracellular matrix 768:800 The gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers formed Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD)-like structure to mimic the organic component of natural bone extracellular matrix. 30678918 0 75 theme bone 91:94 arg1 engineering 103:113 bone tissue engineering 91:113 bone tissue engineering 91:113 Biomimetic composite scaffold of hydroxyapatite/gelatin-chitosan core-shell nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. 30678918 6 76 theme chitosan 1020:1027 arg1 nanofibers 1029:1038 chitosan nanofibers 1020:1038 chitosan nanofibers 1020:1038 Compared with chitosan nanofibers, gelatin nanofibers and chitosan-gelatin composite nanofibers, gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers improved the mineralization efficiency of hydroxyapatite and formed a homogeneous HAP deposit. 30678918 5 77 theme native 878:883 arg1 bone 885:888 native bone 878:888 native bone 878:888 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 30678918 5 78 theme wet 985:987 arg1 method 998:1003 a wet chemical method 983:1003 a wet chemical method 983:1003 Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAP), as the major mineral constituent of native bone, was then deposited onto the surface of gelatin-chitosan core-shell structured nanofibers by a wet chemical method. 31062604 0 0 theme cartilage 82:90 arg1 repair 92:97 cartilage repair 82:97 cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis 82:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 5 1 theme dual-layer 715:724 arg1 scaffold 736:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 8 2 dep group 1165:1169 arg1 layer 1126:1130 the surface layer 1114:1130 the surface layer 1114:1130 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 8 2 dep group 1165:1169 arg1 layer 1149:1153 transitional layer 1136:1153 transitional layer 1136:1153 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 4 3 theme transitional 650:661 arg1 layer 663:667 the surface, transitional layer 637:667 layer 663:667 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 1 4 theme mature 263:268 arg1 cartilage 280:288 mature articular cartilage 263:288 mature articular cartilage 263:288 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 5 5 theme composite 726:734 arg1 scaffold 736:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 6 6 theme orientated 887:896 arg1 structure 905:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 8 7 theme cartilage 1209:1217 arg1 group 1228:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 3 8 theme silk 473:476 arg1 SF 487:488 SF 487:488 SF 487:488 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 3 8 theme silk 473:476 arg1 fibroin 478:484 silk fibroin 473:484 silk fibroin (SF) 473:489 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 1 9 theme articular 270:278 arg1 cartilage 280:288 mature articular cartilage 263:288 mature articular cartilage 263:288 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 9 10 theme biomimetic 1520:1529 arg1 scaffold 1541:1548 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 1516:1548 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 1516:1548 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 8 11 theme normal 1450:1455 arg1 cartilage 1457:1465 the normal cartilage 1446:1465 the normal cartilage after 16 weeks 1446:1480 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 1 12 theme cartilage 280:288 arg1 characteristics 244:258 mechanical characteristics 233:258 mechanical characteristics 233:258 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 1 12 theme cartilage 280:288 arg1 design 207:212 the structural design 192:212 the structural design 192:212 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 1 12 theme cartilage 280:288 arg1 cues 224:227 chemical cues 215:227 chemical cues 215:227 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 5 13 theme SEM 688:690 arg1 result 692:697 The SEM result 684:697 The SEM result 684:697 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 8 14 theme surrounding 1325:1335 arg1 tissue 1337:1342 surrounding tissue 1325:1342 surrounding tissue 1325:1342 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 6 15 with scaffold 873:880 arg1 structure 905:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 8 16 from cells 1393:1397 arg1 tissue 1409:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 0 17 theme osteoarthritis 107:120 arg1 repair 92:97 cartilage repair 82:97 cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis 82:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 6 18 theme cartilage 863:871 arg1 conducive 924:932 conducive 924:932 conducive 924:932 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 6 18 theme cartilage 863:871 arg1 scaffold 873:880 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 848:880 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure 848:913 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 2 19 theme surface 295:301 arg1 layer 303:307 The surface layer 291:307 The surface layer 291:307 The surface layer was made from collagen (COL), chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS). 31062604 3 20 theme transitional 391:402 arg1 layer 404:408 The transitional layer 387:408 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure 387:441 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 0 21 theme knee 102:105 arg1 osteoarthritis 107:120 knee osteoarthritis 102:120 knee osteoarthritis 102:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 6 22 theme biomimetic 852:861 arg1 conducive 924:932 conducive 924:932 conducive 924:932 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 6 22 theme biomimetic 852:861 arg1 scaffold 873:880 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 848:880 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure 848:913 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 7 23 theme defect 1087:1092 arg1 area 1094:1097 the defect area 1083:1097 the defect area 1083:1097 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 8 24 from morphology 1379:1388 arg1 tissue 1409:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 3 25 theme microtubule 415:425 arg1 structure 433:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 10 26 theme zonal 1820:1824 arg1 organization 1826:1837 the zonal organization 1816:1837 the zonal organization of articular cartilage 1816:1860 This work could potentially lead to the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage. 31062604 8 27 theme surface 1118:1124 arg1 layer 1126:1130 the surface layer 1114:1130 the surface layer 1114:1130 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 4 28 contain containing 514:523 arg2 kartogenin 525:534 kartogenin 525:534 kartogenin (KGN) 525:540 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 4 28 contain containing 514:523 arg1 microspheres 501:512 The PLAG microspheres 492:512 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 492:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 4 28 contain containing 514:523 arg2 nanoparticles 576:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles 546:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 546:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 4 28 contain containing 514:523 arg2 KGN 537:539 KGN 537:539 KGN 537:539 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 2 29 theme acid 368:371 arg1 sodium 373:378 hyaluronic acid sodium 357:378 hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS) 357:384 The surface layer was made from collagen (COL), chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS). 31062604 5 30 theme similar 768:774 arg1 structure 758:766 a double structure 749:766 a double structure similar to natural cartilage 749:795 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 6 31 dep proliferation 941:953 arg1 the 937:939 the 937:939 the 937:939 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 2 32 theme hyaluronic 357:366 arg1 sodium 373:378 hyaluronic acid sodium 357:378 hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS) 357:384 The surface layer was made from collagen (COL), chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS). 31062604 4 33 theme PLAG 496:499 arg1 microspheres 501:512 The PLAG microspheres 492:512 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 492:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 8 34 theme biomimetic 1198:1207 arg1 group 1228:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 8 35 from tissue 1409:1414 arg1 morphology 1379:1388 the morphology 1375:1388 the morphology of cells in repair tissue 1375:1414 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 5 36 theme natural 779:785 arg1 cartilage 787:795 natural cartilage 779:795 natural cartilage 779:795 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 10 37 theme cartilage 1852:1860 arg1 organization 1826:1837 the zonal organization 1816:1837 the zonal organization of articular cartilage 1816:1860 This work could potentially lead to the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage. 31062604 6 38 theme porous 898:903 arg1 structure 905:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 orientated porous structure 887:913 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 4 39 theme surface 641:647 arg1 layer 663:667 the surface, transitional layer 637:667 layer 663:667 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 0 40 theme porous 46:51 arg1 structure 53:61 orientated porous structure 35:61 orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis 35:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 7 41 theme biomimetic 1034:1043 arg1 scaffolds 1055:1063 biomimetic cartilage scaffolds 1034:1063 biomimetic cartilage scaffolds 1034:1063 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 1 42 theme chemical 215:222 arg1 cues 224:227 chemical cues 215:227 chemical cues 215:227 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 10 43 theme multilayer 1785:1794 arg1 scaffolds 1796:1804 multilayer scaffolds 1785:1804 multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage 1785:1860 This work could potentially lead to the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage. 31062604 1 44 theme structural 196:205 arg1 design 207:212 the structural design 192:212 the structural design 192:212 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 3 45 theme array 427:431 arg1 structure 433:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 0 46 theme orientated 35:44 arg1 structure 53:61 orientated porous structure 35:61 orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis 35:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 7 47 theme cartilage 1045:1053 arg1 scaffolds 1055:1063 biomimetic cartilage scaffolds 1034:1063 biomimetic cartilage scaffolds 1034:1063 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 4 48 contain containing 590:599 arg2 TPHNs 609:613 TPHNs 609:613 TPHNs 609:613 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 4 48 contain containing 590:599 arg2 TGF-β1 601:606 TGF-β1 601:606 TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 601:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 4 48 contain containing 590:599 arg1 nanoparticles 576:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles 546:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 546:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 9 49 theme KOA 1589:1591 arg1 defect 1579:1584 the defect 1575:1584 the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs 1575:1727 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 7 50 theme cartilage 991:999 arg1 model 1008:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 8 51 theme scaffold 1219:1226 arg1 group 1228:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 8 52 theme dual-layer 1187:1196 arg1 group 1228:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1187:1232 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 6 53 theme biocompatibility 808:823 arg1 experiment 825:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment 798:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment 798:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 8 54 theme cells 1393:1397 arg1 morphology 1379:1388 the morphology 1375:1388 the morphology of cells in repair tissue 1375:1414 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 7 55 theme defect 1001:1006 arg1 model 1008:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 10 56 theme articular 1842:1850 arg1 cartilage 1852:1860 articular cartilage 1842:1860 articular cartilage 1842:1860 This work could potentially lead to the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage. 31062604 5 57 theme double 751:756 arg1 structure 758:766 a double structure 749:766 a double structure similar to natural cartilage 749:795 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 3 58 with layer 404:408 arg1 structure 433:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 microtubule array structure 415:441 The transitional layer with microtubule array structure was prepared with COL, CS and silk fibroin (SF). 31062604 6 59 theme vitro 802:806 arg1 experiment 825:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment 798:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment 798:834 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 8 60 dep layer 1126:1130 arg1 scaffolds 1155:1163 scaffolds 1155:1163 scaffolds 1155:1163 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 7 61 theme rabbit 980:985 arg1 model 1008:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 9 62 dep morphology 1657:1666 arg1 the 1653:1655 the 1653:1655 the 1653:1655 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 10 63 theme scaffolds 1796:1804 arg1 development 1770:1780 the development 1766:1780 the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage 1766:1860 This work could potentially lead to the development of multilayer scaffolds mimicking the zonal organization of articular cartilage. 31062604 9 64 theme BMSCs 1723:1727 arg1 differentiation 1704:1718 differentiation 1704:1718 differentiation 1704:1718 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 9 64 theme BMSCs 1723:1727 arg1 orientation 1669:1679 orientation 1669:1679 orientation 1669:1679 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 9 64 theme BMSCs 1723:1727 arg1 proliferation 1686:1698 proliferation 1686:1698 proliferation 1686:1698 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 9 64 theme BMSCs 1723:1727 arg1 morphology 1657:1666 morphology 1657:1666 morphology 1657:1666 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 8 65 theme transitional 1136:1147 arg1 layer 1149:1153 transitional layer 1136:1153 transitional layer 1136:1153 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 8 66 theme repair 1402:1407 arg1 tissue 1409:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 repair tissue 1402:1414 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 7 67 theme KOA 987:989 arg1 model 1008:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model 978:1012 A rabbit KOA cartilage defect model was established and biomimetic cartilage scaffolds were implanted in the defect area. 31062604 1 68 theme dual-layer 125:134 arg1 scaffold 157:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 4 69 theme polylysine-heparin 550:567 arg1 nanoparticles 576:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles 546:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 546:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31062604 5 70 contain had 745:747 arg1 scaffold 736:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 the dual-layer composite scaffold 711:743 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 5 70 contain had 745:747 arg2 structure 758:766 a double structure 749:766 a double structure similar to natural cartilage 749:795 The SEM result showed that the dual-layer composite scaffold had a double structure similar to natural cartilage. 31062604 8 71 theme new 1307:1309 arg1 cartilage 1311:1319 new cartilage 1307:1319 new cartilage 1307:1319 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 1 72 theme biomimetic 136:145 arg1 scaffold 157:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 1 73 theme mechanical 233:242 arg1 characteristics 244:258 mechanical characteristics 233:258 mechanical characteristics 233:258 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 0 74 theme factors 70:76 arg1 structure 53:61 orientated porous structure 35:61 orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis 35:120 Biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure of two factors for cartilage repair of knee osteoarthritis. 31062604 1 75 theme cartilage 147:155 arg1 scaffold 157:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold 123:164 A dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold was prepared by mimicking the structural design, chemical cues and mechanical characteristics of mature articular cartilage. 31062604 8 76 theme group 1228:1232 arg1 results 1176:1182 the results 1172:1182 the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group 1172:1232 Compared with the surface layer and transitional layer scaffolds group, the results of dual-layer biomimetic cartilage scaffold group showed that the defects had been completely filled, the boundary between new cartilage and surrounding tissue was difficult to identify, and the morphology of cells in repair tissue was almost in accordance with the normal cartilage after 16 weeks. 31062604 9 77 theme cartilage 1531:1539 arg1 scaffold 1541:1548 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 1516:1548 the biomimetic cartilage scaffold 1516:1548 All those results indicated that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold could effectively repair the defect of KOA, which is related to the fact that the scaffold could guide the morphology, orientation, and proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. 31062604 6 78 theme BMSCs 971:975 arg1 proliferation 941:953 proliferation 941:953 proliferation 941:953 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 6 78 theme BMSCs 971:975 arg1 adhesion 959:966 adhesion 959:966 adhesion 959:966 The vitro biocompatibility experiment showed that the biomimetic cartilage scaffold with orientated porous structure was more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of BMSCs. 31062604 2 79 dep sodium 373:378 arg1 HAS 381:383 HAS 381:383 HAS 381:383 The surface layer was made from collagen (COL), chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid sodium (HAS). 31062604 4 80 theme sodium 569:574 arg1 nanoparticles 576:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles 546:588 the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) 546:614 The PLAG microspheres containing kartogenin (KGN) and the polylysine-heparin sodium nanoparticles containing TGF-β1 (TPHNs) were constructed for the surface, transitional layer, respectively. 31174811 0 0 theme antimicrobials 99:112 arg1 release 88:94 triggered release 78:94 triggered release of antimicrobials 78:112 Development and optimization of pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles for triggered release of antimicrobials. 31174811 3 1 theme variables 481:489 arg1 levels 471:476 The optimized levels 457:476 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses 457:527 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 1 theme variables 481:489 arg1 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 1 theme variables 481:489 arg1 % 535:535 4% 534:535 4% (w/w) of TCIN 534:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 1 theme variables 481:489 arg1 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 5 2 theme pH-responsive 895:907 arg1 encapsulation 847:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation 827:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%) 827:875 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 2 theme pH-responsive 895:907 arg1 release 920:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 3 theme controlled 909:918 arg1 encapsulation 847:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation 827:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%) 827:875 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 3 theme controlled 909:918 arg1 release 920:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 4 theme CHIT 968:971 arg1 presence 956:963 the presence 952:963 the presence of CHIT 952:971 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 5 theme faster 934:939 arg1 release 941:947 faster release 934:947 faster release 934:947 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 6 6 theme controlled 1183:1192 arg1 release 1194:1200 controlled release 1183:1200 controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications 1183:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 1 7 theme pH-responsive 166:178 arg1 nanoparticle 180:191 a pH-responsive nanoparticle 164:191 a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 164:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 7 theme pH-responsive 166:178 arg1 compound 343:350 a model compound 335:350 a model compound 335:350 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 5 8 theme nanoparticles 786:798 arg1 characterization 800:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization 776:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization 776:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 1 9 theme model 337:341 arg1 nanoparticle 180:191 a pH-responsive nanoparticle 164:191 a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 164:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 9 theme model 337:341 arg1 compound 343:350 a model compound 335:350 a model compound 335:350 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 5 10 theme low 976:978 arg1 pH 980:981 low pH 976:981 low pH 976:981 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 4 11 theme optimized 583:591 arg1 nanoparticles 593:605 optimized nanoparticles 583:605 optimized nanoparticles 583:605 After, optimized nanoparticles were produced and characterized according to their physicochemical properties and their antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. 31174811 4 12 theme antimicrobial 695:707 arg1 activity 709:716 their antimicrobial activity 689:716 their antimicrobial activity 689:716 After, optimized nanoparticles were produced and characterized according to their physicochemical properties and their antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. 31174811 5 13 theme spherical 878:886 arg1 shape 888:892 spherical shape 878:892 spherical shape 878:892 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 13 theme spherical 878:886 arg1 encapsulation 847:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation 827:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%) 827:875 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 14 theme Optimized 776:784 arg1 characterization 800:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization 776:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization 776:815 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 2 15 theme central 392:398 arg1 design 410:415 a central composite design 390:415 a central composite design 390:415 The optimization was performed using a central composite design and the desirability function approach. 31174811 2 16 theme composite 400:408 arg1 design 410:415 a central composite design 390:415 a central composite design 390:415 The optimization was performed using a central composite design and the desirability function approach. 31174811 6 17 theme delivery 1143:1150 arg1 system 1152:1157 a delivery system 1141:1157 a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications 1141:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 6 18 theme TCIN 1044:1047 arg1 encapsulation 1049:1061 TCIN encapsulation 1044:1061 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT 1044:1089 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 0 19 theme PLGA-chitosan 46:58 arg1 optimization 16:27 optimization 16:27 optimization 16:27 Development and optimization of pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles for triggered release of antimicrobials. 31174811 0 19 theme PLGA-chitosan 46:58 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development and optimization of pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles for triggered release of antimicrobials. 31174811 6 20 with release 1194:1200 arg1 properties 1217:1226 promising properties 1207:1226 promising properties for food safety applications 1207:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 5 21 theme antimicrobial 997:1009 arg1 activity 1011:1018 antimicrobial activity 997:1018 antimicrobial activity against both pathogens 997:1041 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 6 22 theme promising 1207:1215 arg1 properties 1217:1226 promising properties 1207:1226 promising properties for food safety applications 1207:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 0 23 theme pH-responsive 32:44 arg1 PLGA-chitosan 46:58 pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan 32:58 pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan 32:58 Development and optimization of pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles for triggered release of antimicrobials. 31174811 6 24 with system 1152:1157 arg1 pH-sensitivity 1164:1177 pH-sensitivity 1164:1177 pH-sensitivity 1164:1177 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 5 25 with encapsulation 847:859 arg1 release 941:947 faster release 934:947 faster release 934:947 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 % 559:559 6.75% 555:559 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT 555:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 w/w 538:540 w/w 538:540 w/w 538:540 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 levels 471:476 The optimized levels 457:476 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses 457:527 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 w/w 562:564 w/w 562:564 w/w 562:564 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 26 theme CHIT 570:573 arg1 % 535:535 4% 534:535 4% (w/w) of TCIN 534:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 2 27 theme function 438:445 arg1 approach 447:454 the desirability function approach 421:454 the desirability function approach 421:454 The optimization was performed using a central composite design and the desirability function approach. 31174811 1 28 theme natural 276:282 arg1 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 28 theme natural 276:282 arg1 trans-cinnamaldehyde 304:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde 276:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 276:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 % 559:559 6.75% 555:559 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT 555:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 w/w 538:540 w/w 538:540 w/w 538:540 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 levels 471:476 The optimized levels 457:476 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses 457:527 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 w/w 562:564 w/w 562:564 w/w 562:564 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 29 theme TCIN 546:549 arg1 % 535:535 4% 534:535 4% (w/w) of TCIN 534:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 4 30 theme physicochemical 658:672 arg1 properties 674:683 their physicochemical properties 652:683 their physicochemical properties 652:683 After, optimized nanoparticles were produced and characterized according to their physicochemical properties and their antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. 31174811 2 31 theme desirability 425:436 arg1 approach 447:454 the desirability function approach 421:454 the desirability function approach 421:454 The optimization was performed using a central composite design and the desirability function approach. 31174811 1 32 theme antimicrobial 284:296 arg1 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 32 theme antimicrobial 284:296 arg1 trans-cinnamaldehyde 304:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde 276:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 276:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 6 33 theme safety 1237:1242 arg1 applications 1244:1255 food safety applications 1232:1255 food safety applications 1232:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 1 34 theme work 131:134 arg1 aim 119:121 The aim 115:121 The aim of this work 115:134 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 35 theme using 298:302 arg1 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 TCIN 326:329 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 35 theme using 298:302 arg1 trans-cinnamaldehyde 304:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde 276:323 natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 276:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 6 36 theme food 1232:1235 arg1 applications 1244:1255 food safety applications 1232:1255 food safety applications 1232:1255 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 5 37 from encapsulation 847:859 arg1 presence 956:963 the presence 952:963 the presence of CHIT 952:971 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 3 38 theme optimized 461:469 arg1 levels 471:476 The optimized levels 457:476 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses 457:527 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 38 theme optimized 461:469 arg1 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 TCIN 546:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 38 theme optimized 461:469 arg1 % 535:535 4% 534:535 4% (w/w) of TCIN 534:549 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 3 38 theme optimized 461:469 arg1 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 CHIT 570:573 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 31174811 1 39 dep poly 202:205 arg1 L-lactide-co-glycolide 209:230 L-lactide-co-glycolide 209:230 L-lactide-co-glycolide 209:230 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 1 39 dep poly 202:205 arg1 D 207:207 D 207:207 D 207:207 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 5 40 theme TCIN 842:845 arg1 shape 888:892 spherical shape 878:892 spherical shape 878:892 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 40 theme TCIN 842:845 arg1 % 874:874 33.20 ± 0.85% 862:874 33.20 ± 0.85% 862:874 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 40 theme TCIN 842:845 arg1 encapsulation 847:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation 827:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%) 827:875 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 40 theme TCIN 842:845 arg1 release 920:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 6 41 theme antimicrobial 1104:1116 arg1 activity 1118:1125 its antimicrobial activity 1100:1125 its antimicrobial activity 1100:1125 TCIN encapsulation using PLGA coated with CHIT enhanced its antimicrobial activity and generated a delivery system with pH-sensitivity for controlled release with promising properties for food safety applications. 31174811 0 42 theme triggered 78:86 arg1 release 88:94 triggered release 78:94 triggered release of antimicrobials 78:112 Development and optimization of pH-responsive PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles for triggered release of antimicrobials. 31174811 1 43 theme trans-cinnamaldehyde 304:323 arg1 delivery 264:271 delivery 264:271 delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) 264:330 The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a pH-responsive nanoparticle based on poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and chitosan (CHIT) for delivery of natural antimicrobial using trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCIN) as a model compound. 31174811 5 44 theme satisfactory 829:840 arg1 shape 888:892 spherical shape 878:892 spherical shape 878:892 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 44 theme satisfactory 829:840 arg1 % 874:874 33.20 ± 0.85% 862:874 33.20 ± 0.85% 862:874 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 44 theme satisfactory 829:840 arg1 encapsulation 847:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation 827:859 a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%) 827:875 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 5 44 theme satisfactory 829:840 arg1 release 920:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 pH-responsive controlled release 895:926 Optimized nanoparticles characterization indicated a satisfactory TCIN encapsulation (33.20 ± 0.85%), spherical shape, pH-responsive controlled release, with faster release in the presence of CHIT at low pH, and enhanced antimicrobial activity against both pathogens. 31174811 3 45 theme significant 507:517 arg1 responses 519:527 all significant responses 503:527 all significant responses 503:527 The optimized levels of variables considering all significant responses were 4% (w/w) of TCIN and 6.75% (w/w) of CHIT. 30785441 0 0 theme in 110:111 arg1 digestion 146:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 5 1 theme excellent 665:673 arg1 stability 683:691 excellent storage stability 665:691 excellent storage stability 665:691 In addition, PKP-NPs showed excellent storage stability at room temperature. 30785441 6 2 theme gastrointestinal 751:766 arg1 model 778:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 5 3 theme storage 675:681 arg1 stability 683:691 excellent storage stability 665:691 excellent storage stability 665:691 In addition, PKP-NPs showed excellent storage stability at room temperature. 30785441 8 4 from that 1089:1092 arg1 different 1074:1082 different 1074:1082 different 1074:1082 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 8 4 from that 1089:1092 arg1 composition 1031:1041 the phenolic composition 1018:1041 the phenolic composition in digestive juice 1018:1060 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 0 5 theme simulated 119:127 arg1 digestion 146:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 4 6 theme PKP-NPs 563:569 arg1 nm 589:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 6 theme PKP-NPs 563:569 arg1 size 555:558 The rheological particle size 530:558 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs 530:569 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 2 7 theme average 320:326 arg1 size 337:340 the average particle size 316:340 the average particle size 316:340 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 7 8 theme sustained-release 949:965 arg1 characteristics 967:981 the sustained-release characteristics 945:981 the sustained-release characteristics of PKP 945:988 The results showed that nano-encapsulation could significantly elevate the sustained-release characteristics of PKP. 30785441 0 9 dep in 110:111 arg1 vitro 113:117 vitro 113:117 vitro 113:117 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 6 10 theme simulated 741:749 arg1 model 778:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 4 11 theme -7.34 620:624 arg1 ± 626:626 ± 626:626 ± 626:626 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 8 12 with consistent 1133:1142 arg1 that 1149:1152 that 1149:1152 that 1149:1152 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 1 13 used used 179:182 arg2 chitosan 165:172 chitosan 165:172 chitosan 165:172 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 1 13 used used 179:182 arg2 BSA 157:159 BSA 157:159 BSA 157:159 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 0 14 theme gastrointestinal 129:144 arg1 digestion 146:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion 110:154 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 4 15 theme particle 546:553 arg1 nm 589:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 15 theme particle 546:553 arg1 size 555:558 The rheological particle size 530:558 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs 530:569 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 6 16 theme PKP-NPs 834:840 arg1 release 789:795 the release behavior and phenolic composition 785:829 release 789:795 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 6 16 theme PKP-NPs 834:840 arg1 composition 819:829 phenolic composition 810:829 phenolic composition 810:829 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 4 17 theme 0.24 628:631 arg1 ± 626:626 ± 626:626 ± 626:626 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 18 theme rheological 534:544 arg1 nm 589:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 18 theme rheological 534:544 arg1 size 555:558 The rheological particle size 530:558 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs 530:569 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 8 19 theme non-digested 1157:1168 arg1 PKP 1170:1172 non-digested PKP 1157:1172 non-digested PKP 1157:1172 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 9 20 theme food 1286:1289 arg1 field 1291:1295 the functional food field 1271:1295 the functional food field 1271:1295 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 2 21 theme zeta 343:346 arg1 potential 348:356 zeta potential 343:356 zeta potential 343:356 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 9 22 theme present 1179:1185 arg1 research 1187:1194 The present research 1175:1194 The present research 1175:1194 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 1 23 theme polyphenols 212:222 arg1 nanoparticles 195:207 nanoparticles 195:207 nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 195:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 8 24 theme digestive 1046:1054 arg1 juice 1056:1060 digestive juice 1046:1060 digestive juice 1046:1060 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 3 25 theme spherical 469:477 arg1 features 520:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 PKP-NPs were semi-crystalline, and possessed spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features. 30785441 0 26 theme koraiensis 25:34 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis 0:34 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 6 27 theme phenolic 810:817 arg1 composition 819:829 phenolic composition 810:829 phenolic composition 810:829 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 3 28 theme morphological 506:518 arg1 features 520:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 PKP-NPs were semi-crystalline, and possessed spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features. 30785441 0 29 theme BSA-Pinus 15:23 arg1 koraiensis 25:34 BSA-Pinus koraiensis 15:34 BSA-Pinus koraiensis 15:34 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 4 30 theme zeta 601:604 arg1 mV 633:634 -7.34 ± 0.24 mV 620:634 -7.34 ± 0.24 mV 620:634 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 30 theme zeta 601:604 arg1 potential 606:614 the zeta potential 597:614 the zeta potential 597:614 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 2 31 theme particle 328:335 arg1 size 337:340 the average particle size 316:340 the average particle size 316:340 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 8 32 theme simulated 997:1005 arg1 digestion 1007:1015 simulated digestion 997:1015 simulated digestion 997:1015 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 1 33 theme pine 233:236 arg1 cones 238:242 the pine cones 229:242 the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 229:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 9 34 theme theoretical 1207:1217 arg1 basis 1219:1223 a theoretical basis 1205:1223 a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs 1205:1235 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 9 34 theme theoretical 1207:1217 arg1 nutrient 1248:1255 a novel nutrient 1240:1255 a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field 1240:1295 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 4 35 theme ± 581:581 arg1 nm 589:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 187.9 ± 16.32 nm 575:590 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 4 35 theme ± 581:581 arg1 size 555:558 The rheological particle size 530:558 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs 530:569 The rheological particle size of PKP-NPs was 187.9 ± 16.32 nm, and the zeta potential was -7.34 ± 0.24 mV. 30785441 1 36 from cones 238:242 arg1 polyphenols 212:222 polyphenols 212:222 polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 212:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 1 36 from cones 238:242 arg1 nanoparticles 195:207 nanoparticles 195:207 nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 195:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 3 37 theme sized 500:504 arg1 features 520:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 PKP-NPs were semi-crystalline, and possessed spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features. 30785441 5 38 theme room 696:699 arg1 temperature 701:711 room temperature 696:711 room temperature 696:711 In addition, PKP-NPs showed excellent storage stability at room temperature. 30785441 8 39 theme phenolic 1022:1029 arg1 different 1074:1082 different 1074:1082 different 1074:1082 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 8 39 theme phenolic 1022:1029 arg1 composition 1031:1041 the phenolic composition 1018:1041 the phenolic composition in digestive juice 1018:1060 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 2 40 theme crystal 359:365 arg1 characteristics 367:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 8 41 theme non-encapsulated 1097:1112 arg1 PKP 1114:1116 non-encapsulated PKP 1097:1116 non-encapsulated PKP 1097:1116 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 3 42 contain possessed 459:467 arg2 features 520:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features 469:527 PKP-NPs were semi-crystalline, and possessed spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features. 30785441 3 42 contain possessed 459:467 arg1 PKP-NPs 424:430 PKP-NPs 424:430 PKP-NPs 424:430 PKP-NPs were semi-crystalline, and possessed spherical and almost uniformly sized morphological features. 30785441 2 43 theme physicochemical 279:293 arg1 morphology 387:396 morphology 387:396 morphology 387:396 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 43 theme physicochemical 279:293 arg1 properties 295:304 The physicochemical properties 275:304 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs 275:407 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 43 theme physicochemical 279:293 arg1 characteristics 367:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 43 theme physicochemical 279:293 arg1 potential 348:356 zeta potential 343:356 zeta potential 343:356 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 43 theme physicochemical 279:293 arg1 size 337:340 the average particle size 316:340 the average particle size 316:340 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 9 44 theme functional 1275:1284 arg1 field 1291:1295 the functional food field 1271:1295 the functional food field 1271:1295 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 6 45 theme digestion 768:776 arg1 model 778:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 739:782 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 1 46 theme Pinus 247:251 arg1 PKP-NPs 265:271 PKP-NPs 265:271 PKP-NPs 265:271 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 1 46 theme Pinus 247:251 arg1 koraiensis 253:262 Pinus koraiensis 247:262 Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 247:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 9 47 theme novel 1242:1246 arg1 basis 1219:1223 a theoretical basis 1205:1223 a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs 1205:1235 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 9 47 theme novel 1242:1246 arg1 nutrient 1248:1255 a novel nutrient 1240:1255 a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field 1240:1295 The present research provided a theoretical basis for PKP-NPs as a novel nutrient to be used in the functional food field. 30785441 7 48 theme PKP 986:988 arg1 characteristics 967:981 the sustained-release characteristics 945:981 the sustained-release characteristics of PKP 945:988 The results showed that nano-encapsulation could significantly elevate the sustained-release characteristics of PKP. 30785441 1 49 theme koraiensis 253:262 arg1 cones 238:242 the pine cones 229:242 the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 229:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 8 50 from composition 1031:1041 arg1 juice 1056:1060 digestive juice 1046:1060 digestive juice 1046:1060 After simulated digestion, the phenolic composition in digestive juice was totally different from that of non-encapsulated PKP, but partially consistent with that of non-digested PKP. 30785441 6 51 theme model 778:782 arg1 establishment 722:734 establishment 722:734 establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model 722:782 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 30785441 2 52 theme PKP-NPs 401:407 arg1 size 337:340 the average particle size 316:340 the average particle size 316:340 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 52 theme PKP-NPs 401:407 arg1 potential 348:356 zeta potential 343:356 zeta potential 343:356 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 52 theme PKP-NPs 401:407 arg1 characteristics 367:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 crystal characteristics 359:381 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 2 52 theme PKP-NPs 401:407 arg1 morphology 387:396 morphology 387:396 morphology 387:396 The physicochemical properties including the average particle size, zeta potential, crystal characteristics and morphology of PKP-NPs were measured. 30785441 0 53 theme release 80:86 arg1 characteristics 88:102 their release characteristics 74:102 their release characteristics 74:102 Fabrication of BSA-Pinus koraiensis polyphenol-chitosan nanoparticles and their release characteristics under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. 30785441 1 54 from nanoparticles 195:207 arg1 cones 238:242 the pine cones 229:242 the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs) 229:272 BSA and chitosan were used to prepare nanoparticles of polyphenols from the pine cones of Pinus koraiensis (PKP-NPs). 30785441 6 55 dep release 789:795 arg1 behavior 797:804 behavior 797:804 behavior 797:804 Through establishment of a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model, the release behavior and phenolic composition of PKP-NPs were respectively investigated. 31260968 0 0 theme psyllium 78:85 arg1 husk 87:90 psyllium husk 78:90 psyllium husk 78:90 Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 1 1 theme sugarcane 141:149 arg1 stalk 151:155 sugarcane stalk 141:155 sugarcane stalk 141:155 A dietary fibre prepared from sugarcane stalk was compared with psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 lignin 343:348 lignin 343:348 lignin (18.66-20.23%) 343:363 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 % 339:339 73-86% 334:339 73-86% 334:339 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 % 362:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 amounts 298:304 significant amounts 286:304 significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 286:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 2 theme fibre 327:331 arg1 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 5 3 dep in 758:759 arg1 vitro 761:765 vitro 761:765 vitro 761:765 Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. 31260968 3 4 theme ethanol 474:480 arg1 extract 482:488 the ethanol extract 470:488 the ethanol extract 470:488 Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. 31260968 2 5 theme fibre 259:263 arg1 sugarcane 249:257 sugarcane fibre 249:263 sugarcane fibre 249:263 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 3 6 theme extract 482:488 arg1 Analysis 458:465 Analysis 458:465 Analysis of the ethanol extract 458:488 Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. 31260968 7 7 from study 1000:1004 arg1 Results 982:988 Results 982:988 Results from this study 982:1004 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 4 8 theme harvest 615:621 arg1 phase 650:654 growth or storage phase 632:654 phase 650:654 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 4 8 theme harvest 615:621 arg1 periods 623:629 harvest periods 615:629 harvest periods (growth or storage phase) 615:655 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 0 9 theme wheat 96:100 arg1 dextrin 102:108 wheat dextrin 96:108 wheat dextrin 96:108 Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 7 10 theme fibre 1058:1062 arg1 use 1018:1020 the use 1014:1020 the use of sugarcane 1014:1033 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 7 10 theme fibre 1058:1062 arg1 source 1040:1045 a source 1038:1045 a source of dietary fibre in functional foods 1038:1082 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 4 11 theme final 720:724 arg1 composition 726:736 the final composition 716:736 the final composition 716:736 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 lignin 343:348 lignin 343:348 lignin (18.66-20.23%) 343:363 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 % 339:339 73-86% 334:339 73-86% 334:339 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 % 362:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 amounts 298:304 significant amounts 286:304 significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 286:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 12 theme lignin 343:348 arg1 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 5 13 theme in 758:759 arg1 digestion 767:775 in vitro digestion 758:775 in vitro digestion 758:775 Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 lignin 343:348 lignin 343:348 lignin (18.66-20.23%) 343:363 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 % 339:339 73-86% 334:339 73-86% 334:339 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 % 362:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 amounts 298:304 significant amounts 286:304 significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 286:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 14 theme significant 286:296 arg1 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 15 dep fibres 241:246 arg1 contrast 211:218 contrast 211:218 contrast 211:218 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 lignin 343:348 lignin 343:348 lignin (18.66-20.23%) 343:363 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 % 339:339 73-86% 334:339 73-86% 334:339 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 % 362:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 amounts 298:304 significant amounts 286:304 significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 286:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 16 theme minerals 375:382 arg1 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 1 17 theme psyllium 175:182 arg1 husk 184:187 psyllium husk 175:187 psyllium husk 175:187 A dietary fibre prepared from sugarcane stalk was compared with psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 3 18 with compounds 504:512 arg1 activity 531:538 antioxidant activity 519:538 antioxidant activity 519:538 Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. 31260968 5 19 from bioaccessible 841:853 arg1 samples 868:874 sugarcane samples 858:874 sugarcane samples 858:874 Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. 31260968 0 20 theme chemical 14:21 arg1 composition 23:33 the chemical composition 10:33 the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin 10:108 Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 4 21 theme storage 642:648 arg1 phase 650:654 growth or storage phase 632:654 phase 650:654 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 4 21 theme storage 642:648 arg1 periods 623:629 harvest periods 615:629 harvest periods (growth or storage phase) 615:655 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 0 22 theme dietary 38:44 arg1 fibres 46:51 dietary fibres 38:51 dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin 38:108 Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 6 23 theme binding 964:970 arg1 activity 972:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. 31260968 1 24 theme wheat 193:197 arg1 dextrin 199:205 wheat dextrin 193:205 wheat dextrin 193:205 A dietary fibre prepared from sugarcane stalk was compared with psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 2 25 theme rare 370:373 arg1 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 25 theme rare 370:373 arg1 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 25 theme rare 370:373 arg1 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 4 26 theme selected 597:604 arg1 strains 606:612 selected strains 597:612 selected strains 597:612 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 7 27 from source 1040:1045 arg1 foods 1078:1082 functional foods 1067:1082 functional foods 1067:1082 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 3 28 theme antioxidant 519:529 arg1 activity 531:538 antioxidant activity 519:538 antioxidant activity 519:538 Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. 31260968 0 29 theme fibres 46:51 arg1 composition 23:33 the chemical composition 10:33 the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin 10:108 Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 chromium 392:399 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) 392:420 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 manganese 426:434 manganese 426:434 manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 426:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 amounts 298:304 significant amounts 286:304 significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 286:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg1 sugarcane 249:257 sugarcane fibre 249:263 sugarcane fibre 249:263 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 fibre 327:331 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 lignin 343:348 lignin 343:348 lignin (18.66-20.23%) 343:363 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 % 339:339 73-86% 334:339 73-86% 334:339 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 % 362:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 18.66-20.23% 351:362 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 2 30 contain contain 278:284 arg2 minerals 375:382 rare minerals 370:382 rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g) 370:455 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 7 31 theme sugarcane 1025:1033 arg1 use 1018:1020 the use 1014:1020 the use of sugarcane 1014:1033 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 7 31 theme sugarcane 1025:1033 arg1 source 1040:1045 a source 1038:1045 a source of dietary fibre in functional foods 1038:1082 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 7 32 theme functional 1067:1076 arg1 foods 1078:1082 functional foods 1067:1082 functional foods 1067:1082 Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods. 31260968 4 33 theme processing 662:671 arg1 conditions 673:682 processing conditions 662:682 processing conditions 662:682 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 6 34 theme bile 954:957 arg1 activity 972:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. 31260968 2 35 theme dietary 233:239 arg1 fibres 241:246 the other dietary fibres 223:246 the other dietary fibres 223:246 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 5 36 theme sugarcane 858:866 arg1 samples 868:874 sugarcane samples 858:874 sugarcane samples 858:874 Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. 31260968 4 37 dep showed 684:689 arg1 influenced 705:714 influenced 705:714 showed these factors influenced the final composition 684:736 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 6 38 theme salt 959:962 arg1 activity 972:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 bile salt binding activity 954:979 Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. 31260968 2 39 theme other 227:231 arg1 fibres 241:246 the other dietary fibres 223:246 the other dietary fibres 223:246 In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). 31260968 4 40 theme fibres 576:581 arg1 Characterisation 541:556 Characterisation 541:556 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions 541:682 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 6 41 theme fibre 925:929 arg1 sugarcane 915:923 the sugarcane fibre 911:929 the sugarcane fibre 911:929 Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. 31260968 4 42 theme growth 632:637 arg1 phase 650:654 growth or storage phase 632:654 phase 650:654 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 4 42 theme growth 632:637 arg1 periods 623:629 harvest periods 615:629 harvest periods (growth or storage phase) 615:655 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 31260968 4 43 theme sugarcane 566:574 arg1 fibres 576:581 five sugarcane fibres 561:581 five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions 561:682 Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. 29535976 5 0 from LPS 1017:1019 arg1 macrophages 1045:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 1 theme TLR4-mediated 1095:1107 arg1 production 1148:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 3 2 theme foodborne 713:721 arg1 diarrhea 723:730 foodborne diarrhea 713:730 foodborne diarrhea 713:730 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 2 3 theme LPS 369:371 arg1 variants 373:380 LPS variants 369:380 LPS variants 369:380 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 5 4 from response 969:976 arg1 humans 981:986 humans 981:986 humans 981:986 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 1 5 theme lipopolysaccharide 270:287 arg1 moiety 260:265 lipid A moiety 252:265 lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall 252:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 0 6 theme Inflammatory 93:104 arg1 Response 106:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 4 7 from O2A 862:864 arg1 LPS 834:836 LPS 834:836 LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A 834:864 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 4 8 theme strain 855:860 arg1 O2A 862:864 a C. jejuni strain O2A 843:864 a C. jejuni strain O2A 843:864 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 1 9 theme immune 176:181 arg1 response 183:190 immune response 176:190 immune response against Gram-negative bacteria 176:221 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 5 10 theme gene 1195:1198 arg1 transcription 1200:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 0 11 theme Murine 118:123 arg1 Macrophages 125:135 Murine Macrophages 118:135 Murine Macrophages 118:135 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 3 12 theme widespread 683:692 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 12 theme widespread 683:692 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 13 theme diarrhea 723:730 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 13 theme diarrhea 723:730 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 2 14 from differences 349:359 arg1 ability 391:397 their ability to interact with TLR4 385:419 their ability to interact with TLR4 385:419 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 5 15 theme reduced 954:960 arg1 response 969:976 a reduced immune response 952:976 a reduced immune response in humans 952:986 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 16 from macrophages 1045:1055 arg1 activity 1005:1012 the activity 1001:1012 the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages 1001:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 4 17 dep the 748:750 arg1 help 752:755 help 752:755 help 752:755 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 5 18 theme immune 962:967 arg1 response 969:976 a reduced immune response 952:976 a reduced immune response in humans 952:986 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 2 19 theme excessive 506:514 arg1 activation 516:525 excessive activation 506:525 excessive activation which may lead to septic shock 506:556 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 2 20 theme bacterial 485:493 arg1 growth 495:500 bacterial growth 485:500 bacterial growth 485:500 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 5 21 theme reporter 1186:1193 arg1 transcription 1200:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 2 22 theme insufficient 440:451 arg1 activation 453:462 insufficient activation 440:462 insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth 440:500 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 0 23 from Pathogen 32:39 arg1 LPS 13:15 Hypoacylated LPS 0:15 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 0:60 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 4 24 theme jejuni 848:853 arg1 O2A 862:864 a C. jejuni strain O2A 843:864 a C. jejuni strain O2A 843:864 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 1 25 theme Gram-negative 200:212 arg1 bacteria 214:221 Gram-negative bacteria 200:221 Gram-negative bacteria 200:221 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 0 26 theme Hypoacylated 0:11 arg1 LPS 13:15 Hypoacylated LPS 0:15 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 0:60 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 4 27 theme C. 845:846 arg1 jejuni 848:853 C. jejuni 845:853 a C. jejuni strain O2A 843:864 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 5 28 theme proinflammatory 1109:1123 arg1 cytokine 1125:1132 proinflammatory cytokine 1109:1132 proinflammatory cytokine 1109:1132 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 0 29 theme Foodborne 22:30 arg1 Pathogen 32:39 Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 22:60 Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 22:60 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 1 30 theme major 300:304 arg1 component 306:314 the major component 296:314 the major component of their cell wall 296:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 1 30 theme major 300:304 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 270:287 lipopolysaccharide 270:287 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 270:293 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 2 31 theme septic 545:550 arg1 shock 552:556 septic shock 545:556 septic shock 545:556 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 5 32 from jejuni 1029:1034 arg1 LPS 1017:1019 LPS 1017:1019 LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages 1017:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 32 from jejuni 1029:1034 arg1 activity 1005:1012 the activity 1001:1012 the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages 1001:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 1 33 theme specific 228:235 arg1 recognition 237:247 specific recognition 228:247 specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall 228:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 0 34 theme Campylobacter 41:53 arg1 jejuni 55:60 Campylobacter jejuni 41:60 Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 22:60 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 5 35 theme NFκB-dependent 1171:1184 arg1 transcription 1200:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription 1171:1212 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 36 theme mouse 1039:1043 arg1 macrophages 1045:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 37 from activity 1005:1012 arg1 jejuni 1029:1034 C. jejuni 1026:1034 C. jejuni 1026:1034 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 37 from activity 1005:1012 arg1 macrophages 1045:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 mouse macrophages 1039:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 6 38 theme LPS 1252:1254 arg1 acylation 1256:1264 LPS acylation 1252:1264 LPS acylation 1252:1264 Our data support the hypothesis that LPS acylation correlates with its bioactivity. 29535976 3 39 theme biological 590:599 arg1 activity 601:608 the biological activity 586:608 the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 586:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 5 40 theme chemokine 1138:1146 arg1 production 1148:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 4 41 theme hexaacyl 883:890 arg1 forms 906:910 both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms 878:910 both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms 878:910 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 3 42 theme pathogenic 631:640 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 42 theme pathogenic 631:640 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 1 43 theme Toll-like 138:146 arg1 receptor 148:155 Toll-like receptor 4 138:157 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) 138:164 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 1 43 theme Toll-like 138:146 arg1 TLR4 160:163 TLR4 160:163 TLR4 160:163 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 3 44 from cause 704:708 arg1 humans 735:740 humans 735:740 humans 735:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 1 45 theme cell 325:328 arg1 wall 330:333 their cell wall 319:333 their cell wall 319:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 5 46 theme LPS 1017:1019 arg1 activity 1005:1012 the activity 1001:1012 the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages 1001:1055 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 0 47 dep Pathogen 32:39 arg1 jejuni 55:60 Campylobacter jejuni 41:60 Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni 22:60 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 2 48 theme natural 341:347 arg1 differences 349:359 Some natural differences 336:359 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 336:419 Some natural differences between LPS variants in their ability to interact with TLR4 may lead to either insufficient activation that may not prevent bacterial growth, or excessive activation which may lead to septic shock. 29535976 3 49 attach isolated 617:624 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 49 attach isolated 617:624 arg2 LPS 613:615 LPS 613:615 LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 613:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 49 attach isolated 617:624 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 1 50 theme wall 330:333 arg1 component 306:314 the major component 296:314 the major component of their cell wall 296:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 1 50 theme wall 330:333 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 270:287 lipopolysaccharide 270:287 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 270:293 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 4 51 theme tetraacyl 896:904 arg1 forms 906:910 both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms 878:910 both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms 878:910 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 4 52 theme MALDI-TOF 791:799 arg1 spectrometry 806:817 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 791:817 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 791:817 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 3 53 theme LPS 613:615 arg1 activity 601:608 the biological activity 586:608 the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 586:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 1 54 theme lipid 252:256 arg1 moiety 260:265 lipid A moiety 252:265 lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall 252:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 4 55 theme hydrophobic 760:770 arg1 chromatography 772:785 hydrophobic chromatography 760:785 hydrophobic chromatography 760:785 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29535976 3 56 theme Campylobacter 652:664 arg1 jejuni 666:671 Campylobacter jejuni 652:671 Campylobacter jejuni 652:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 5 57 theme such 919:922 arg1 hypoacylation 924:936 such hypoacylation 919:936 such hypoacylation 919:936 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 5 58 theme C. 1026:1027 arg1 jejuni 1029:1034 C. jejuni 1026:1034 C. jejuni 1026:1034 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 1 59 theme A 258:258 arg1 moiety 260:265 lipid A moiety 252:265 lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall 252:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 0 60 theme TLR4-Mediated 79:91 arg1 Response 106:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 3 61 theme jejuni 666:671 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 61 theme jejuni 666:671 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 5 62 theme cytokine 1125:1132 arg1 production 1148:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production 1095:1157 Since such hypoacylation can result in a reduced immune response in humans, we assessed the activity of LPS from C. jejuni in mouse macrophages by measuring its capacity to activate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, as well as NFκB-dependent reporter gene transcription. 29535976 1 63 theme moiety 260:265 arg1 recognition 237:247 specific recognition 228:247 specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall 228:333 Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates immune response against Gram-negative bacteria upon specific recognition of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of their cell wall. 29535976 0 64 theme Moderate 70:77 arg1 Response 106:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response 70:113 Hypoacylated LPS from Foodborne Pathogen Campylobacter jejuni Induces Moderate TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response in Murine Macrophages. 29535976 3 65 theme bacterial 694:702 arg1 strain 642:647 pathogenic strain 631:647 pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni 631:671 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 3 65 theme bacterial 694:702 arg1 cause 704:708 the most widespread bacterial cause 674:708 the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans 674:740 In this study we evaluated the biological activity of LPS isolated from pathogenic strain of Campylobacter jejuni, the most widespread bacterial cause of foodborne diarrhea in humans. 29535976 4 66 theme mass 801:804 arg1 spectrometry 806:817 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 791:817 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 791:817 With the help of hydrophobic chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we showed that LPS from a C. jejuni strain O2A consists of both hexaacyl and tetraacyl forms. 29247595 8 0 theme HvCslF6 1428:1434 arg1 gene 1436:1439 the HvCslF6 gene 1424:1439 the HvCslF6 gene 1424:1439 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 1 1 theme improved 169:176 arg1 characteristics 178:192 improved characteristics 169:192 improved characteristics 169:192 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 5 2 from increases 960:968 arg1 grain 992:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 0 3 theme beta-glucan 83:93 arg1 Method 0:5 Method 0:5 Method for hull-less barley transformation 0:41 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 0 3 theme beta-glucan 83:93 arg1 manipulation 47:58 manipulation 47:58 manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan 47:93 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 7 4 from changes 1209:1215 arg1 morphology 1225:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 3 5 theme Agrobacterium 523:535 arg1 method 552:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. 29247595 4 6 dep -β-glucan 674:682 arg1 1,3 666:668 1,3 666:668 1,3;1,4 666:672 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 1 7 with grains 157:162 arg1 characteristics 178:192 improved characteristics 169:192 improved characteristics 169:192 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 8 8 theme mixed-linkage 1330:1342 arg1 content 1351:1357 mixed-linkage glucan content 1330:1357 mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain 1330:1383 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 5 9 theme transgenic 973:982 arg1 grain 992:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 4 10 theme cell 747:750 arg1 walls 752:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 3 11 theme modified 514:521 arg1 method 552:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. 29247595 7 12 theme cell 1220:1223 arg1 morphology 1225:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 5 13 theme smaller 952:958 arg1 increases 960:968 smaller increases 952:968 smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain 952:996 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 5 14 from % 930:930 arg1 lines 940:944 some lines 935:944 some lines 935:944 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 5 15 theme glucan 873:878 arg1 content 880:886 mixed-linkage glucan content 859:886 mixed-linkage glucan content 859:886 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 7 16 theme enlarged 1164:1171 arg1 cavity 1173:1178 an enlarged cavity 1161:1178 an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells 1161:1277 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 4 17 theme important 630:638 arg1 -β-glucan 674:682 -β-glucan 674:682 (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan) 665:705 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 4 17 theme important 630:638 arg1 component 654:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 4 18 theme dietary 640:646 arg1 -β-glucan 674:682 -β-glucan 674:682 (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan) 665:705 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 4 18 theme dietary 640:646 arg1 component 654:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 1 19 theme human 198:202 arg1 nutrition 204:212 human nutrition 198:212 human nutrition 198:212 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 5 20 theme HvCslF6 782:788 arg1 gene 790:793 the HvCslF6 gene 778:793 the HvCslF6 gene 778:793 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 7 21 theme central 1187:1193 arg1 endosperm 1195:1203 the central endosperm 1183:1203 the central endosperm 1183:1203 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 4 22 from walls 752:756 arg1 present 718:724 present 718:724 present 718:724 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 1 23 theme Hull-less 96:104 arg1 barley 106:111 Hull-less barley 96:111 Hull-less barley 96:111 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 5 24 theme endosperm-specific 809:826 arg1 promoter 828:835 an endosperm-specific promoter 806:835 an endosperm-specific promoter 806:835 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 8 25 theme wall 1535:1538 arg1 composition 1540:1550 cell wall composition 1530:1550 cell wall composition 1530:1550 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 4 26 theme endosperm 737:745 arg1 walls 752:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 8 27 theme gene 1436:1439 arg1 over-expression 1405:1419 over-expression 1405:1419 over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene 1405:1439 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 0 28 theme barley 21:26 arg1 transformation 28:41 hull-less barley transformation 11:41 hull-less barley transformation 11:41 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 6 29 theme darker 1064:1069 arg1 color 1071:1075 a darker color 1062:1075 a darker color 1062:1075 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 8 30 theme proof-of-concept 1299:1314 arg1 evidence 1316:1323 proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene 1299:1439 proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene 1299:1439 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 0 31 theme hull-less 11:19 arg1 transformation 28:41 hull-less barley transformation 11:41 hull-less barley transformation 11:41 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 1 32 theme varieties 308:316 arg1 use 295:297 the use 291:297 the use of these varieties 291:316 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 2 33 theme transformation 382:395 arg1 system 397:402 an effective transformation system 369:402 an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens 369:450 To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. 29247595 8 34 theme barley 1372:1377 arg1 grain 1379:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 2 35 theme cultivar 435:442 arg1 Torrens 444:450 the cultivar Torrens 431:450 the cultivar Torrens 431:450 To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. 29247595 5 36 theme gene 790:793 arg1 Over-expression 759:773 Over-expression 759:773 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, 759:836 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 6 37 theme wild 1108:1111 arg1 type 1113:1116 wild type 1108:1116 wild type 1108:1116 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 7 38 theme sub-aleurone 1260:1271 arg1 cells 1273:1277 sub-aleurone cells 1260:1277 sub-aleurone cells 1260:1277 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 3 39 theme transformation 471:484 arg1 efficiency 486:495 a transformation efficiency 469:495 a transformation efficiency of 1.8% 469:503 Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. 29247595 7 40 from cavity 1173:1178 arg1 aleurone 1247:1254 aleurone 1247:1254 aleurone 1247:1254 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 7 40 from cavity 1173:1178 arg1 changes 1209:1215 changes 1209:1215 changes 1209:1215 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 7 40 from cavity 1173:1178 arg1 endosperm 1195:1203 the central endosperm 1183:1203 the central endosperm 1183:1203 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 7 40 from cavity 1173:1178 arg1 cells 1273:1277 sub-aleurone cells 1260:1277 sub-aleurone cells 1260:1277 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 4 41 dep 1,3 666:668 arg1 1,4 670:672 1,4 670:672 1,4 670:672 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 5 42 theme mixed-linkage 859:871 arg1 content 880:886 mixed-linkage glucan content 859:886 mixed-linkage glucan content 859:886 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 8 43 theme hull-less 1362:1370 arg1 grain 1379:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 8 44 theme cell 1530:1533 arg1 composition 1540:1550 cell wall composition 1530:1550 cell wall composition 1530:1550 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 4 45 used used 576:579 arg2 method 565:570 This method 560:570 This method 560:570 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 8 46 from content 1351:1357 arg1 grain 1379:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 hull-less barley grain 1362:1383 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 6 47 theme HvCslF6 1010:1016 arg1 lines 1018:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines 999:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines 999:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 4 48 theme mixed-linkage 685:697 arg1 -β-glucan 674:682 -β-glucan 674:682 (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan) 665:705 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 4 48 theme mixed-linkage 685:697 arg1 glucan 699:704 mixed-linkage glucan 685:704 mixed-linkage glucan 685:704 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 3 49 theme % 503:503 arg1 efficiency 486:495 a transformation efficiency 469:495 a transformation efficiency of 1.8% 469:503 Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. 29247595 1 50 theme hull-less 241:249 arg1 cultivars 251:259 hull-less cultivars 241:259 hull-less cultivars 241:259 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 8 51 theme glucan 1344:1349 arg1 content 1351:1357 mixed-linkage glucan content 1330:1357 mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain 1330:1383 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 7 52 from endosperm 1195:1203 arg1 morphology 1225:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 cell morphology 1220:1234 This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. 29247595 4 53 theme starchy 729:735 arg1 walls 752:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 1 54 theme breeding 148:155 arg1 grains 157:162 breeding grains 148:162 breeding grains with improved characteristics 148:192 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 4 55 from present 718:724 arg1 walls 752:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 starchy endosperm cell walls 729:756 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 1 56 theme cultivars 251:259 arg1 recalcitrance 224:236 recalcitrance 224:236 recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation 224:277 Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. 29247595 0 57 theme mixed-linkage 69:81 arg1 beta-glucan 83:93 grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan 63:93 grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan 63:93 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 8 58 theme hull-less 1466:1474 arg1 cultivars 1476:1484 hull-less cultivars 1466:1484 hull-less cultivars 1466:1484 This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition. 29247595 5 59 theme HvCslH1 984:990 arg1 grain 992:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 transgenic HvCslH1 grain 973:996 Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCslH1 grain. 29247595 3 60 theme transformation 537:550 arg1 method 552:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 a modified Agrobacterium transformation method 512:557 Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. 29247595 2 61 theme hull-less 408:416 arg1 barley 418:423 hull-less barley 408:423 hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens 408:450 To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. 29247595 6 62 theme Transgenic 999:1008 arg1 lines 1018:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines 999:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines 999:1022 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 0 63 theme grain 63:67 arg1 beta-glucan 83:93 grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan 63:93 grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan 63:93 Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan. 29247595 6 64 contain had 1058:1060 arg2 color 1071:1075 a darker color 1062:1075 a darker color 1062:1075 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 6 64 contain had 1058:1060 arg1 grain 1052:1056 grain 1052:1056 grain 1052:1056 Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. 29247595 2 65 theme effective 372:380 arg1 system 397:402 an effective transformation system 369:402 an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens 369:450 To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. 29247595 4 66 theme fiber 648:652 arg1 -β-glucan 674:682 -β-glucan 674:682 (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan) 665:705 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 29247595 4 66 theme fiber 648:652 arg1 component 654:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 the important dietary fiber component 626:662 This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan), primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. 30314297 10 0 theme proof-of-concept 1498:1513 arg1 study 1515:1519 this proof-of-concept study 1493:1519 this proof-of-concept study 1493:1519 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 4 1 theme size 719:722 arg1 distribution 724:735 a homogeneous size distribution 705:735 a homogeneous size distribution 705:735 The obtained nano-on-beads composite exhibited a spherical shape with a homogeneous size distribution. 30314297 10 2 theme food 1606:1609 arg1 safety 1611:1616 food safety 1606:1616 food safety 1606:1616 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 5 3 theme electron 869:876 arg1 microscope 878:887 a scanning electron microscope 858:887 a scanning electron microscope 858:887 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 2 4 theme serum 396:400 arg1 BSA 411:413 BSA 411:413 BSA 411:413 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 2 4 theme serum 396:400 arg1 albumin 402:408 the bovine serum albumin 385:408 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 5 5 theme chitosan 780:787 arg1 beads 789:793 the chitosan beads 776:793 the chitosan beads 776:793 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 5 6 from conjugation 753:763 arg1 beads 789:793 the chitosan beads 776:793 the chitosan beads 776:793 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 4 7 theme nano-on-beads 648:660 arg1 composite 662:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite 635:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite 635:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite exhibited a spherical shape with a homogeneous size distribution. 30314297 2 8 theme bovine 389:394 arg1 BSA 411:413 BSA 411:413 BSA 411:413 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 2 8 theme bovine 389:394 arg1 albumin 402:408 the bovine serum albumin 385:408 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 10 9 theme promising 1526:1534 arg1 approach 1583:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach 1548:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety 1548:1616 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 10 9 theme promising 1526:1534 arg1 features 1536:1543 promising features 1526:1543 promising features 1526:1543 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 5 10 theme SLPN 768:771 arg1 conjugation 753:763 The successful conjugation 738:763 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads 738:793 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 7 11 theme bead 1144:1147 arg1 formulations 1108:1119 The optimal formulations 1096:1119 The optimal formulations 1096:1119 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 7 11 theme bead 1144:1147 arg1 dosage 1149:1154 a 200 bead dosage 1138:1154 a 200 bead dosage 1138:1154 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 2 12 with nanoparticles 439:451 arg1 dextran 467:473 oxidized dextran 458:473 oxidized dextran 458:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 8 13 theme antibacterial 1266:1278 arg1 thymol 1255:1260 thymol 1255:1260 thymol 1255:1260 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 8 13 theme antibacterial 1266:1278 arg1 agent 1280:1284 an antibacterial agent 1263:1284 an antibacterial agent 1263:1284 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 8 13 theme antibacterial 1266:1278 arg1 compound 1316:1323 a model compound 1308:1323 a model compound 1308:1323 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 7 14 theme incubation 1172:1181 arg1 duration 1183:1190 30⁻90 min incubation duration 1162:1190 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 7 15 theme min 1168:1170 arg1 duration 1183:1190 30⁻90 min incubation duration 1162:1190 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 5 16 dep transform 822:830 arg1 infrared 832:839 infrared 832:839 transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope 822:887 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 3 17 theme oxidized 503:510 arg1 dextran 512:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 1 18 theme hydrogel 207:214 arg1 SLPN 268:271 SLPN 268:271 SLPN 268:271 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 1 18 theme hydrogel 207:214 arg1 beads 216:220 chitosan hydrogel beads 198:220 chitosan hydrogel beads 198:220 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 3 19 with conjugation 566:576 arg1 beads 596:600 the chitosan beads 583:600 the chitosan beads 583:600 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 3 20 theme in 558:559 arg1 conjugation 566:576 an in situ conjugation 555:576 an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads 555:600 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 2 21 theme -emulsified 415:425 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles 385:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 0 22 theme Hydrogel 9:16 arg1 Beads 18:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads 0:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads 0:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 9 23 from profiles 1386:1393 arg1 saline 1419:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 After encapsulation, the thymol exhibited sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline. 30314297 6 24 theme conjugation 1018:1028 arg1 efficiency 1030:1039 the conjugation efficiency 1014:1039 the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads 1014:1062 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 4 25 theme spherical 684:692 arg1 shape 694:698 a spherical shape 682:698 a spherical shape 682:698 The obtained nano-on-beads composite exhibited a spherical shape with a homogeneous size distribution. 30314297 3 26 theme chitosan 587:594 arg1 beads 596:600 the chitosan beads 583:600 the chitosan beads 583:600 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 9 27 theme release 1378:1384 arg1 profiles 1386:1393 sustained release profiles 1368:1393 sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline 1368:1424 After encapsulation, the thymol exhibited sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline. 30314297 0 28 theme Chitosan 0:7 arg1 Beads 18:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads 0:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads 0:22 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 6 29 theme duration 971:978 arg1 effects 894:900 The effects 890:900 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads 890:1062 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 5 30 dep Fourier 814:820 arg1 transform 822:830 transform 822:830 transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope 822:887 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 6 31 from effects 894:900 arg1 efficiency 1030:1039 the conjugation efficiency 1014:1039 the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads 1014:1062 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 1 32 theme solid 226:230 arg1 nanoparticles 253:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 10 33 theme antibacterial 1569:1581 arg1 approach 1583:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach 1548:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety 1548:1616 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 10 33 theme antibacterial 1569:1581 arg1 features 1536:1543 promising features 1526:1543 promising features 1526:1543 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 6 34 theme incubation 960:969 arg1 min 1006:1008 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min 981:1008 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min 981:1008 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 6 34 theme incubation 960:969 arg1 duration 971:978 the incubation duration 956:978 the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) 956:1009 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 10 35 theme as-prepared 1431:1441 arg1 nanocomposites 1466:1479 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites 1427:1479 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study 1427:1519 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 8 36 used used 1235:1238 arg2 formulations 1212:1223 The optimal formulations 1200:1223 The optimal formulations 1200:1223 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 2 37 theme oxidized 458:465 arg1 dextran 467:473 oxidized dextran 458:473 oxidized dextran 458:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 5 38 theme scanning 860:867 arg1 microscope 878:887 a scanning electron microscope 858:887 a scanning electron microscope 858:887 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 8 39 theme model 1310:1314 arg1 compound 1316:1323 a model compound 1308:1323 a model compound 1308:1323 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 8 39 theme model 1310:1314 arg1 agent 1280:1284 an antibacterial agent 1263:1284 an antibacterial agent 1263:1284 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 5 40 theme successful 742:751 arg1 conjugation 753:763 The successful conjugation 738:763 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads 738:793 The successful conjugation of SLPN on the chitosan beads was confirmed by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. 30314297 6 41 theme beads 909:913 arg1 effects 894:900 The effects 890:900 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads 890:1062 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 1 42 theme chitosan 198:205 arg1 SLPN 268:271 SLPN 268:271 SLPN 268:271 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 1 42 theme chitosan 198:205 arg1 beads 216:220 chitosan hydrogel beads 198:220 chitosan hydrogel beads 198:220 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 1 43 theme hybrid 246:251 arg1 nanoparticles 253:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 0 44 theme Thymol-Loaded 44:56 arg1 Nanoparticles 85:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 7 45 theme duration 1183:1190 arg1 groups 1192:1197 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 3 46 theme Schiff 614:619 arg1 linkage 626:632 the Schiff base linkage 610:632 the Schiff base linkage 610:632 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 9 47 theme phosphate 1402:1410 arg1 saline 1419:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 After encapsulation, the thymol exhibited sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline. 30314297 2 48 theme solid 427:431 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles 385:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 7 49 theme optimal 1100:1106 arg1 dosage 1149:1154 a 200 bead dosage 1138:1154 a 200 bead dosage 1138:1154 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 7 49 theme optimal 1100:1106 arg1 formulations 1108:1119 The optimal formulations 1096:1119 The optimal formulations 1096:1119 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 3 50 theme base 621:624 arg1 linkage 626:632 the Schiff base linkage 610:632 the Schiff base linkage 610:632 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 3 51 from groups 489:494 arg1 surface 527:533 the surface 523:533 the surface of the SLPN 523:545 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 2 52 theme lipid 433:437 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles 385:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30314297 0 53 theme Lipid⁻Polymer 64:76 arg1 Nanoparticles 85:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 9 54 theme sustained 1368:1376 arg1 profiles 1386:1393 sustained release profiles 1368:1393 sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline 1368:1424 After encapsulation, the thymol exhibited sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline. 30314297 7 55 theme 30⁻90 1162:1166 arg1 min 1168:1170 min 1168:1170 min 1168:1170 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 1 56 theme innovative 119:128 arg1 nanocomposites 173:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites 115:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) 115:272 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 0 57 theme Solid 58:62 arg1 Nanoparticles 85:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 6 58 dep beads 909:913 arg1 beads 945:949 50, 100, 200, and 300 beads 923:949 50, 100, 200, and 300 beads 923:949 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 6 58 dep beads 909:913 arg1 dosage 915:920 dosage 915:920 the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) 905:950 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 3 59 dep in 558:559 arg1 situ 561:564 situ 561:564 situ 561:564 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 1 60 dep SLPN 316:319 arg1 beads 334:338 beads 334:338 beads 334:338 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 7 61 with dosage 1149:1154 arg1 groups 1192:1197 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups 1162:1197 The optimal formulations were found to be a 200 bead dosage, with 30⁻90 min incubation duration groups. 30314297 4 62 theme homogeneous 707:717 arg1 distribution 724:735 a homogeneous size distribution 705:735 a homogeneous size distribution 705:735 The obtained nano-on-beads composite exhibited a spherical shape with a homogeneous size distribution. 30314297 1 63 theme multifunctional 134:148 arg1 nanocomposites 173:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites 115:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) 115:272 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 8 64 theme optimal 1204:1210 arg1 formulations 1212:1223 The optimal formulations 1200:1223 The optimal formulations 1200:1223 The optimal formulations were then used to encapsulate thymol, an antibacterial agent, which was studied as a model compound. 30314297 10 65 theme nanoparticles⁻hydrogel 1443:1464 arg1 nanocomposites 1466:1479 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites 1427:1479 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study 1427:1519 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 1 66 theme nanoparticles⁻hydrogel 150:171 arg1 nanocomposites 173:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites 115:186 the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) 115:272 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 3 67 theme dextran 512:518 arg1 dextran 512:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 3 67 theme dextran 512:518 arg1 groups 489:494 The aldehyde groups 476:494 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN 476:545 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 9 68 theme buffer 1412:1417 arg1 saline 1419:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 the phosphate buffer saline 1398:1424 After encapsulation, the thymol exhibited sustained release profiles in the phosphate buffer saline. 30314297 6 69 theme SLPN 1044:1047 arg1 efficiency 1030:1039 the conjugation efficiency 1014:1039 the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads 1014:1062 The effects of the beads dosage (50, 100, 200, and 300 beads) and the incubation duration (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min) on the conjugation efficiency of SLPN onto the beads were comprehensively optimized. 30314297 1 70 theme lipid⁻polymer 232:244 arg1 nanoparticles 253:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles 226:265 In this study, the innovative and multifunctional nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites made with chitosan hydrogel beads and solid lipid⁻polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) were prepared through conjugation between SLPN and chitosan beads. 30314297 3 71 theme SLPN 542:545 arg1 surface 527:533 the surface 523:533 the surface of the SLPN 523:545 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 3 72 theme aldehyde 480:487 arg1 dextran 512:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 the oxidized dextran 499:518 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 3 72 theme aldehyde 480:487 arg1 groups 489:494 The aldehyde groups 476:494 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN 476:545 The aldehyde groups of the oxidized dextran on the surface of the SLPN enabled an in situ conjugation with the chitosan beads through the Schiff base linkage. 30314297 4 73 theme obtained 639:646 arg1 composite 662:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite 635:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite 635:670 The obtained nano-on-beads composite exhibited a spherical shape with a homogeneous size distribution. 30314297 0 74 theme Hybrid 78:83 arg1 Nanoparticles 85:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles 44:97 Chitosan Hydrogel Beads Functionalized with Thymol-Loaded Solid Lipid⁻Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles. 30314297 10 75 theme controlled-release 1550:1567 arg1 approach 1583:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach 1548:1590 a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety 1548:1616 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 10 75 theme controlled-release 1550:1567 arg1 features 1536:1543 promising features 1526:1543 promising features 1526:1543 The as-prepared nanoparticles⁻hydrogel nanocomposites reported in this proof-of-concept study hold promising features as a controlled-release antibacterial approach for improving food safety. 30314297 2 76 theme albumin 402:408 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles 385:451 the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran 385:473 The SLPNs were first fabricated via coating the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-emulsified solid lipid nanoparticles with oxidized dextran. 30639222 9 0 theme cancer 1367:1372 arg1 delivery 1379:1386 cancer drug delivery 1367:1386 cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1367:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 3 1 theme mixer 550:554 arg1 pressure 556:563 mixer pressure 550:563 mixer pressure 550:563 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 9 2 theme nanoparticles 1340:1352 arg1 production 1303:1312 one-step production 1294:1312 one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1294:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 8 3 theme DOX 1159:1161 arg1 activity 1147:1154 the activity 1143:1154 the activity of DOX 1143:1161 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles revealed that the activity of DOX was well maintained after loaded into chitosan nanoparticles. 30639222 8 4 dep In 1098:1099 arg1 vitro 1101:1105 vitro 1101:1105 vitro 1101:1105 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles revealed that the activity of DOX was well maintained after loaded into chitosan nanoparticles. 30639222 2 5 theme assisted 388:395 arg1 atomization 397:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization 368:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 368:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 7 6 dep in 972:973 arg1 vitro 975:979 vitro 975:979 vitro 975:979 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 1 7 theme side 287:290 arg1 effect 292:297 side effect 287:297 side effect 287:297 Chemotherapeutics are used extensively in cancer and encapsulating the drug in nanoparticles is an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect. 30639222 6 8 theme nanoparticles 936:948 arg1 potential 919:927 Zeta potential 914:927 Zeta potential of the nanoparticles 914:948 Zeta potential of the nanoparticles was about +50 mV. 30639222 9 9 from solution 1401:1408 arg1 delivery 1379:1386 cancer drug delivery 1367:1386 cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1367:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 7 10 theme drug 981:984 arg1 behavior 994:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior 968:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 968:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 3 11 theme chitosan 589:596 arg1 weight 608:613 chitosan molecular weight 589:613 chitosan molecular weight 589:613 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 0 12 theme enhanced 112:119 arg1 mixer 121:125 an enhanced mixer 109:125 an enhanced mixer 109:125 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 4 13 theme defined 684:690 arg1 nanoparticles 702:714 Well defined spherical nanoparticles 679:714 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm 679:766 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 3 14 theme weight 608:613 arg1 influences 492:501 The influences 488:501 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes 488:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 0 15 with atomization 92:102 arg1 mixer 121:125 an enhanced mixer 109:125 an enhanced mixer 109:125 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 3 16 theme molecular 598:606 arg1 weight 608:613 chitosan molecular weight 589:613 chitosan molecular weight 589:613 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 3 17 theme ratio 543:547 arg1 influences 492:501 The influences 488:501 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes 488:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 3 18 theme concentration 515:527 arg1 influences 492:501 The influences 488:501 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes 488:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 3 19 theme ratio 579:583 arg1 influences 492:501 The influences 488:501 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes 488:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 7 20 theme 4.5 1037:1039 arg1 pH 1031:1032 pH 1031:1032 pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 1031:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 7 21 theme in 972:973 arg1 behavior 994:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior 968:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 968:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 2 22 theme cavitation 438:447 arg1 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 2 22 theme cavitation 438:447 arg1 mixer 449:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer 423:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 423:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 8 23 theme chitosan 1201:1208 arg1 nanoparticles 1210:1222 chitosan nanoparticles 1201:1222 chitosan nanoparticles 1201:1222 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles revealed that the activity of DOX was well maintained after loaded into chitosan nanoparticles. 30639222 6 24 theme Zeta 914:917 arg1 potential 919:927 Zeta potential 914:927 Zeta potential of the nanoparticles 914:948 Zeta potential of the nanoparticles was about +50 mV. 30639222 9 25 theme SAA-HCM 1229:1235 arg1 technique 1280:1288 a promising technique 1268:1288 a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1268:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 25 theme SAA-HCM 1229:1235 arg1 process 1237:1243 The SAA-HCM process 1225:1243 The SAA-HCM process 1225:1243 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 3 26 theme particle 618:625 arg1 morphologies 627:638 particle morphologies 618:638 particle morphologies 618:638 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 9 27 theme suitable 1354:1361 arg1 nanoparticles 1340:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles 1317:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1317:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 2 28 theme hydrodynamic 425:436 arg1 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 2 28 theme hydrodynamic 425:436 arg1 mixer 449:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer 423:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 423:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 29 theme polymer/drug 1317:1328 arg1 nanoparticles 1340:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles 1317:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1317:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 30 theme drug 1374:1377 arg1 delivery 1379:1386 cancer drug delivery 1367:1386 cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1367:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 4 31 theme loading 791:797 arg1 % 822:822 up to 90% 814:822 up to 90% 814:822 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 4 31 theme loading 791:797 arg1 efficiency 799:808 the loading efficiency 787:808 the loading efficiency 787:808 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 0 32 theme DOX-loaded 29:38 arg1 chitosan 40:47 pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan 15:47 pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan 15:47 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 8 33 theme In 1098:1099 arg1 profiles 1120:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles 1098:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles 1098:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles revealed that the activity of DOX was well maintained after loaded into chitosan nanoparticles. 30639222 7 34 theme release 986:992 arg1 behavior 994:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior 968:1001 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 968:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 1 35 used used 150:153 arg2 Chemotherapeutics 128:144 Chemotherapeutics 128:144 Chemotherapeutics 128:144 Chemotherapeutics are used extensively in cancer and encapsulating the drug in nanoparticles is an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect. 30639222 3 36 theme solution 506:513 arg1 concentration 515:527 solution concentration 506:527 solution concentration 506:527 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 2 37 theme aqueous 470:476 arg1 solution 478:485 aqueous solution 470:485 aqueous solution 470:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 2 38 theme DOX-loaded 314:323 arg1 nanoparticles 334:346 DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles 314:346 DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles 314:346 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 1 39 theme effective 227:235 arg1 method 237:242 an effective method 224:242 an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect 224:297 Chemotherapeutics are used extensively in cancer and encapsulating the drug in nanoparticles is an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect. 30639222 5 40 theme FT-IR 825:829 arg1 result 831:836 FT-IR result 825:836 FT-IR result 825:836 FT-IR result showed that the structure of DOX was not changed after the SAA-HCM process. 30639222 9 41 theme aqueous 1393:1399 arg1 solution 1401:1408 aqueous solution 1393:1408 aqueous solution 1393:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 8 42 theme cytotoxicity 1107:1118 arg1 profiles 1120:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles 1098:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles 1098:1127 In vitro cytotoxicity profiles revealed that the activity of DOX was well maintained after loaded into chitosan nanoparticles. 30639222 4 43 dep 90 820:821 arg1 to 817:818 to 817:818 to 817:818 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 0 44 theme chitosan 40:47 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan 0:47 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 5 45 theme SAA-HCM 897:903 arg1 process 905:911 the SAA-HCM process 893:911 the SAA-HCM process 893:911 FT-IR result showed that the structure of DOX was not changed after the SAA-HCM process. 30639222 3 46 from influences 492:501 arg1 sizes 644:648 sizes 644:648 sizes 644:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 3 46 from influences 492:501 arg1 morphologies 627:638 particle morphologies 618:638 particle morphologies 618:638 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 0 47 theme supercritical 69:81 arg1 atomization 92:102 supercritical assisted atomization 69:102 supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer 69:125 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 7 48 theme 7.4 1050:1052 arg1 pH 1031:1032 pH 1031:1032 pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 1031:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 2 49 theme fluid 382:386 arg1 atomization 397:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization 368:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 368:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 50 theme composite 1330:1338 arg1 nanoparticles 1340:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles 1317:1352 polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1317:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 51 theme promising 1270:1278 arg1 technique 1280:1288 a promising technique 1268:1288 a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1268:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 9 51 theme promising 1270:1278 arg1 process 1237:1243 The SAA-HCM process 1225:1243 The SAA-HCM process 1225:1243 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 3 52 theme pressure 556:563 arg1 influences 492:501 The influences 488:501 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes 488:648 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 2 53 theme supercritical 368:380 arg1 atomization 397:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization 368:407 supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 368:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 4 54 with nanoparticles 702:714 arg1 diameter 729:736 average diameter 721:736 average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm 721:766 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 2 55 theme chitosan 325:332 arg1 nanoparticles 334:346 DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles 314:346 DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles 314:346 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 5 56 theme DOX 867:869 arg1 structure 854:862 the structure 850:862 the structure of DOX 850:869 FT-IR result showed that the structure of DOX was not changed after the SAA-HCM process. 30639222 3 57 theme CO2/solution 530:541 arg1 ratio 543:547 CO2/solution ratio 530:547 CO2/solution ratio 530:547 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 30639222 1 58 theme therapeutic 255:265 arg1 efficacy 267:274 therapeutic efficacy 255:274 therapeutic efficacy 255:274 Chemotherapeutics are used extensively in cancer and encapsulating the drug in nanoparticles is an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect. 30639222 9 59 theme one-step 1294:1301 arg1 production 1303:1312 one-step production 1294:1312 one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution 1294:1408 The SAA-HCM process was demonstrated to be a promising technique for one-step production of polymer/drug composite nanoparticles suitable for cancer drug delivery from aqueous solution. 30639222 4 60 theme spherical 692:700 arg1 nanoparticles 702:714 Well defined spherical nanoparticles 679:714 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm 679:766 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 4 61 theme average 721:727 arg1 diameter 729:736 average diameter 721:736 average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm 721:766 Well defined spherical nanoparticles with average diameter ranging from 120 nm to 250 nm were obtained, and the loading efficiency was up to 90%. 30639222 7 62 with media 1020:1024 arg1 pH 1031:1032 pH 1031:1032 pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively 1031:1065 The in vitro drug release behavior conducted in the media with pH of 4.5, 6.5 and 7.4 respectively showed strongly pH responsive. 30639222 0 63 theme assisted 83:90 arg1 atomization 92:102 supercritical assisted atomization 69:102 supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer 69:125 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 2 64 from solution 478:485 arg1 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 SAA-HCM 456:462 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 2 64 from solution 478:485 arg1 mixer 449:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer 423:453 a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution 423:485 In this work, DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) from aqueous solution. 30639222 0 65 theme pH-responsive 15:27 arg1 chitosan 40:47 pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan 15:47 pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan 15:47 Preparation of pH-responsive DOX-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using supercritical assisted atomization with an enhanced mixer. 30639222 1 66 from drug 199:202 arg1 nanoparticles 207:219 nanoparticles 207:219 nanoparticles 207:219 Chemotherapeutics are used extensively in cancer and encapsulating the drug in nanoparticles is an effective method to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effect. 30639222 3 67 theme chitosan/DOX 566:577 arg1 ratio 579:583 chitosan/DOX ratio 566:583 chitosan/DOX ratio 566:583 The influences of solution concentration, CO2/solution ratio, mixer pressure, chitosan/DOX ratio and chitosan molecular weight on particle morphologies and sizes were investigated in detail. 33463193 0 0 theme Early 80:84 arg1 Stages 86:91 Early Stages 80:91 Early Stages of Zebrafish Development 80:116 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 10 1 theme long-term 1328:1336 arg1 exposure 1348:1355 long-term (10-days) exposure 1328:1355 long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs 1328:1364 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 10 1 theme long-term 1328:1336 arg1 10-days 1339:1345 10-days 1339:1345 10-days 1339:1345 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 11 2 theme ecofriendly 1534:1544 arg1 coatings 1546:1553 ecofriendly coatings 1534:1553 ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1534:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 11 3 theme coatings 1546:1553 arg1 synthesis 1521:1529 the synthesis 1517:1529 the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1517:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 10 4 contain had 1284:1286 arg2 effect 1291:1296 no effect 1288:1296 no effect 1288:1296 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 10 4 contain had 1284:1286 arg1 hepatotoxicity 1269:1282 the observed hepatotoxicity 1256:1282 the observed hepatotoxicity 1256:1282 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 11 5 from impact 1611:1616 arg1 environment 1632:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 0 6 contain Has 41:43 arg1 Nanocomposite 27:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 0 6 contain Has 41:43 arg2 Toxicity 68:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 7 7 theme maximum 1036:1042 arg1 dose 1044:1047 the maximum dose 1032:1047 the maximum dose employed 1032:1056 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 8 8 from concentration 1071:1083 arg1 CZNCs 1059:1063 CZNCs 1059:1063 CZNCs 1059:1063 CZNCs, at a concentration of 250 mg/L, also showed no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 33463193 6 9 theme acute 761:765 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 11 10 from performance 1581:1591 arg1 environment 1632:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 3 11 theme nanoparticle 383:394 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 11 theme nanoparticle 383:394 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 5 12 theme ecotoxicology 669:681 arg1 studies 683:689 ecotoxicology studies 669:689 ecotoxicology studies 669:689 Zebrafish has become one of the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies. 33463193 9 13 theme hepatotoxic 1176:1186 arg1 effect 1188:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 7 14 theme higher 1020:1025 arg1 LC50 1015:1018 a hypothetical LC50 1000:1018 a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed 1000:1056 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 6 15 theme potential 751:759 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 11 16 theme new 1499:1501 arg1 insights 1503:1510 new insights 1499:1510 new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1499:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 2 17 theme high 309:312 arg1 toxicity 314:321 high toxicity 309:321 high toxicity toward aquatic systems 309:344 In this regard, traditional biocides, being used to combat biofouling, have high toxicity toward aquatic systems. 33463193 0 18 theme Development 106:116 arg1 Stages 86:91 Early Stages 80:91 Early Stages of Zebrafish Development 80:116 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 6 19 theme zebrafish 820:828 arg1 embryos 830:836 zebrafish embryos 820:836 zebrafish embryos 820:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 11 20 theme valuable 1394:1401 arg1 information 1403:1413 valuable information 1394:1413 valuable information 1394:1413 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 3 21 used used 422:425 arg2 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 21 used used 422:425 arg2 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 0 22 theme Zebrafish 96:104 arg1 Development 106:116 Zebrafish Development 96:116 Zebrafish Development 96:116 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 7 23 theme hypothetical 1002:1013 arg1 LC50 1015:1018 a hypothetical LC50 1000:1018 a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed 1000:1056 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 7 24 theme toxicity 865:872 arg1 assays 874:879 the acute toxicity assays 855:879 the acute toxicity assays 855:879 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 4 25 theme marine 596:601 arg1 fouling 603:609 marine fouling 596:609 marine fouling 596:609 It is thought that because of the ecofriendly nature of chitosan, CZNCs may pave the way to developing less toxic surfaces for combating marine fouling. 33463193 0 26 theme Safe 1:4 arg1 Nanocomposite 27:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 6 27 theme CZNCs 808:812 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 10 28 theme embryo 1301:1306 arg1 survival 1308:1315 embryo survival 1301:1315 embryo survival 1301:1315 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 11 29 theme oxide 1459:1463 arg1 nanocomposites 1465:1478 chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites 1444:1478 chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites 1444:1478 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 1 30 theme most 168:171 arg1 issues 185:190 the most challenging issues 164:190 the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide 164:230 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 3 31 theme oxide 377:381 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 31 theme oxide 377:381 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 9 32 theme same 1155:1158 arg1 dosage 1160:1165 the same dosage 1151:1165 the same dosage 1151:1165 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 1 33 theme challenging 173:183 arg1 issues 185:190 the most challenging issues 164:190 the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide 164:230 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 0 34 theme Chitosan/Zinc 7:19 arg1 Nanocomposite 27:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 9 35 theme zebrafish 1211:1219 arg1 embryos 1221:1227 zebrafish embryos 1211:1227 zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs 1211:1244 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 7 36 theme acute 859:863 arg1 toxicity 865:872 the acute toxicity 855:872 the acute toxicity assays 855:879 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 7 37 theme zebrafish 891:899 arg1 embryos 901:907 zebrafish embryos 891:907 zebrafish embryos 891:907 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 1 38 theme issues 185:190 arg1 issues 185:190 the most challenging issues 164:190 the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide 164:230 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 1 38 theme issues 185:190 arg1 one 157:159 one 157:159 one 157:159 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 0 39 theme " 5:5 arg1 Nanocomposite 27:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 7 40 theme acute 960:964 arg1 toxicity 966:973 acute toxicity 960:973 acute toxicity 960:973 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 7 41 theme mortality 978:986 arg1 signs 951:955 any signs 947:955 any signs of acute toxicity or mortality 947:986 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 9 42 located observed 1199:1206 arg1 embryos 1221:1227 zebrafish embryos 1211:1227 zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs 1211:1244 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 9 42 located observed 1199:1206 arg1 dosage 1160:1165 the same dosage 1151:1165 the same dosage 1151:1165 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 9 42 located observed 1199:1206 arg2 effect 1188:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 4 43 theme toxic 567:571 arg1 surfaces 573:580 developing less toxic surfaces 551:580 developing less toxic surfaces 551:580 It is thought that because of the ecofriendly nature of chitosan, CZNCs may pave the way to developing less toxic surfaces for combating marine fouling. 33463193 3 44 theme CZNC 397:400 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 44 theme CZNC 397:400 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 4 45 theme chitosan 515:522 arg1 nature 505:510 the ecofriendly nature 489:510 the ecofriendly nature of chitosan 489:522 It is thought that because of the ecofriendly nature of chitosan, CZNCs may pave the way to developing less toxic surfaces for combating marine fouling. 33463193 5 46 theme employed 649:656 arg1 models 658:663 the most employed models 640:663 the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies 640:689 Zebrafish has become one of the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies. 33463193 8 47 theme neurotoxic 1128:1137 arg1 effects 1139:1145 no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects 1110:1145 no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects 1110:1145 CZNCs, at a concentration of 250 mg/L, also showed no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 33463193 1 48 theme maritime 202:209 arg1 worldwide 222:230 maritime industries worldwide 202:230 maritime industries worldwide 202:230 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 0 49 theme Oxide 21:25 arg1 Nanocomposite 27:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite 0:39 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 5 50 theme models 658:663 arg1 one 633:635 one 633:635 one 633:635 Zebrafish has become one of the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies. 33463193 5 50 theme models 658:663 arg1 models 658:663 the most employed models 640:663 the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies 640:689 Zebrafish has become one of the most employed models for ecotoxicology studies. 33463193 6 51 theme hepatotoxic 786:796 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 8 52 theme mg/L 1092:1095 arg1 concentration 1071:1083 a concentration 1069:1083 a concentration of 250 mg/L 1069:1095 CZNCs, at a concentration of 250 mg/L, also showed no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 33463193 11 53 theme nanocomposites 1465:1478 arg1 toxicity 1432:1439 the potential toxicity 1418:1439 the potential toxicity 1418:1439 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 1 54 theme industries 211:220 arg1 worldwide 222:230 maritime industries worldwide 202:230 maritime industries worldwide 202:230 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 0 55 theme Minimal 45:51 arg1 Toxicity 68:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 11 56 theme antifouling 1569:1579 arg1 performance 1581:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 2 57 theme aquatic 330:336 arg1 systems 338:344 aquatic systems 330:344 aquatic systems 330:344 In this regard, traditional biocides, being used to combat biofouling, have high toxicity toward aquatic systems. 33463193 7 58 theme toxicity 966:973 arg1 signs 951:955 any signs 947:955 any signs of acute toxicity or mortality 947:986 As evidenced by the acute toxicity assays, exposing zebrafish embryos to CZNCs (25-200 mg/L) did not elicit any signs of acute toxicity or mortality, suggesting a hypothetical LC50 higher than the maximum dose employed. 33463193 4 59 theme ecofriendly 493:503 arg1 nature 505:510 the ecofriendly nature 489:510 the ecofriendly nature of chitosan 489:522 It is thought that because of the ecofriendly nature of chitosan, CZNCs may pave the way to developing less toxic surfaces for combating marine fouling. 33463193 11 60 theme adverse 1603:1609 arg1 impact 1611:1616 a low adverse impact 1597:1616 a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1597:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 11 61 theme chitosan/metal 1444:1457 arg1 nanocomposites 1465:1478 chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites 1444:1478 chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites 1444:1478 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 1 62 theme Marine 119:124 arg1 biofouling 126:135 Marine biofouling 119:135 Marine biofouling 119:135 Marine biofouling is considered to be one of the most challenging issues affecting maritime industries worldwide. 33463193 2 63 contain have 304:307 arg2 toxicity 314:321 high toxicity 309:321 high toxicity toward aquatic systems 309:344 In this regard, traditional biocides, being used to combat biofouling, have high toxicity toward aquatic systems. 33463193 2 63 contain have 304:307 arg1 biocides 261:268 traditional biocides 249:268 traditional biocides 249:268 In this regard, traditional biocides, being used to combat biofouling, have high toxicity toward aquatic systems. 33463193 11 64 theme improved 1560:1567 arg1 performance 1581:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 6 65 theme neuro 776:780 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 10 66 theme observed 1260:1267 arg1 hepatotoxicity 1269:1282 the observed hepatotoxicity 1256:1282 the observed hepatotoxicity 1256:1282 However, the observed hepatotoxicity had no effect on embryo survival even after long-term (10-days) exposure to CZNCs. 33463193 3 67 theme green 443:447 arg1 " 448:448 a promising "green" 430:448 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 11 68 theme potential 1422:1430 arg1 toxicity 1432:1439 the potential toxicity 1418:1439 the potential toxicity 1418:1439 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 11 69 theme marine 1625:1630 arg1 environment 1632:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 the marine environment 1621:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 9 70 theme minor 1170:1174 arg1 effect 1188:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 a minor hepatotoxic effect 1168:1193 At the same dosage, a minor hepatotoxic effect was observed in zebrafish embryos exposed to CZNCs. 33463193 2 71 theme traditional 249:259 arg1 biocides 261:268 traditional biocides 249:268 traditional biocides 249:268 In this regard, traditional biocides, being used to combat biofouling, have high toxicity toward aquatic systems. 33463193 3 72 theme " 448:448 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 72 theme " 448:448 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 11 73 with coatings 1546:1553 arg1 performance 1581:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 improved antifouling performance 1560:1591 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 11 73 with coatings 1546:1553 arg1 impact 1611:1616 a low adverse impact 1597:1616 a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1597:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 6 74 theme cardio 768:773 arg1 effect 798:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect 747:803 any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos 747:836 Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate any potential acute, cardio, neuro, or hepatotoxic effect of CZNCs using zebrafish embryos. 33463193 3 75 theme promising 432:440 arg1 " 448:448 a promising "green" 430:448 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 11 76 theme low 1599:1601 arg1 impact 1611:1616 a low adverse impact 1597:1616 a low adverse impact on the marine environment 1597:1642 We believe our results add valuable information to the potential toxicity of chitosan/metal oxide nanocomposites, which may provide new insights into the synthesis of ecofriendly coatings with improved antifouling performance and a low adverse impact on the marine environment. 33463193 8 77 theme cardiotoxic 1113:1123 arg1 effects 1139:1145 no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects 1110:1145 no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects 1110:1145 CZNCs, at a concentration of 250 mg/L, also showed no cardiotoxic or neurotoxic effects. 33463193 0 78 theme Organ-Specific 53:66 arg1 Toxicity 68:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity 45:75 "Safe" Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Has Minimal Organ-Specific Toxicity in Early Stages of Zebrafish Development. 33463193 3 79 theme new 359:361 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 79 theme new 359:361 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 80 theme chitosan/zinc 363:375 arg1 biocide 450:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 a promising "green" biocide 430:456 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 3 80 theme chitosan/zinc 363:375 arg1 composite 403:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite 357:411 Recently, a new chitosan/zinc oxide nanoparticle (CZNC) composite has been used as a promising "green" biocide. 33463193 4 81 theme developing 551:560 arg1 surfaces 573:580 developing less toxic surfaces 551:580 developing less toxic surfaces 551:580 It is thought that because of the ecofriendly nature of chitosan, CZNCs may pave the way to developing less toxic surfaces for combating marine fouling. 31525413 4 0 dep energy 642:647 arg1 68.02 kJ/mol 650:661 68.02 kJ/mol 650:661 68.02 kJ/mol. 650:662 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 1 1 theme crystalline 132:142 arg1 properties 144:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties 100:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 100:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 5 2 theme of 665:666 arg1 FRRF 672:675 of the FRRF 665:675 of the FRRF 665:675 of the FRRF areestablished by the thermo gravimetric analysis. 31525413 8 3 theme reinforced 1091:1100 arg1 materials 1112:1120 the fiber reinforced composite materials 1081:1120 the fiber reinforced composite materials 1081:1120 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 3 4 attach present 517:523 arg2 groups 510:515 the chemical groups 497:515 the chemical groups present in the considered fibre 497:547 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 3 4 attach present 517:523 arg1 fibre 543:547 fibre 543:547 fibre 543:547 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 2 5 theme X-ray 284:288 arg1 diffraction 290:300 X-ray diffraction 284:300 X-ray diffraction (XRD) 284:306 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 2 5 theme X-ray 284:288 arg1 XRD 303:305 XRD 303:305 XRD 303:305 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 0 6 theme religiosa 84:92 arg1 tree 94:97 Ficus religiosa tree 78:97 Ficus religiosa tree 78:97 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 0 7 theme Ficus 78:82 arg1 tree 94:97 Ficus religiosa tree 78:97 Ficus religiosa tree 78:97 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 7 8 theme microscope 849:858 arg1 analysis 860:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis 831:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) 831:873 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 8 theme microscope 849:858 arg1 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 3 9 theme chemical 501:508 arg1 groups 510:515 the chemical groups 497:515 the chemical groups present in the considered fibre 497:547 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 3 10 theme Magnetic 419:426 arg1 NMR 439:441 NMR 439:441 NMR 439:441 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 3 10 theme Magnetic 419:426 arg1 Resonance 428:436 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 411:436 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 3 11 from fibre 543:547 arg1 present 517:523 present 517:523 present 517:523 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 4 12 theme maximum 578:584 arg1 400 °C 611:616 400 °C 611:616 400 °C 611:616 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 4 12 theme maximum 578:584 arg1 temperature 598:608 maximum degradation temperature 578:608 maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) 578:617 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 0 13 theme tree 94:97 arg1 root 70:73 the root 66:73 the root of Ficus religiosa tree 66:97 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 6 14 theme FRRF 784:787 arg1 1246 kg/m3 765:774 1246 kg/m3 765:774 1246 kg/m3 765:774 The diameter (25.62 μm) and density (1246 kg/m3) of the FRRF have been found by the physical analysis. 31525413 6 14 theme FRRF 784:787 arg1 25.62 μm 742:749 25.62 μm 742:749 25.62 μm 742:749 The diameter (25.62 μm) and density (1246 kg/m3) of the FRRF have been found by the physical analysis. 31525413 6 14 theme FRRF 784:787 arg1 density 756:762 density 756:762 density (1246 kg/m3) 756:775 The diameter (25.62 μm) and density (1246 kg/m3) of the FRRF have been found by the physical analysis. 31525413 6 14 theme FRRF 784:787 arg1 diameter 732:739 The diameter 728:739 The diameter (25.62 μm) 728:750 The diameter (25.62 μm) and density (1246 kg/m3) of the FRRF have been found by the physical analysis. 31525413 7 15 theme Scanning 831:838 arg1 analysis 860:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis 831:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) 831:873 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 15 theme Scanning 831:838 arg1 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 1 16 theme new 158:160 arg1 fiber 170:174 new natural fiber 158:174 new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 158:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 7 17 theme smoothest 965:973 arg1 surface 975:981 the relatively smoothest surface 950:981 the relatively smoothest surface 950:981 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 18 theme electron 840:847 arg1 analysis 860:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis 831:867 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) 831:873 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 18 theme electron 840:847 arg1 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 SEM 870:872 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 2 19 theme analysis 271:278 arg1 results 317:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 1 20 theme natural 162:168 arg1 fiber 170:174 new natural fiber 158:174 new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 158:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 2 21 theme chemical 262:269 arg1 analysis 271:278 chemical analysis 262:278 chemical analysis 262:278 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 7 22 contain has 946:948 arg2 surface 975:981 the relatively smoothest surface 950:981 the relatively smoothest surface 950:981 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 22 contain has 946:948 arg1 FRRF 941:944 FRRF 941:944 FRRF 941:944 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 1 23 theme fiber 170:174 arg1 properties 144:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties 100:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 100:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 0 24 theme new 22:24 arg1 fiber 45:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 3 25 from present 517:523 arg1 fibre 543:547 fibre 543:547 fibre 543:547 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 2 26 theme cellulose 368:376 arg1 content 378:384 cellulose content 368:384 cellulose content (55.58 wt%) 368:396 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 2 26 theme cellulose 368:376 arg1 % 395:395 55.58 wt% 387:395 55.58 wt% 387:395 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 2 27 theme content 378:384 arg1 quantity 356:363 higher quantity 349:363 higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) 349:396 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 0 28 theme natural 37:43 arg1 fiber 45:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 3 29 theme Resonance 428:436 arg1 analysis 457:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 8 30 theme above 999:1003 arg1 outcomes 1005:1012 the above outcomes 995:1012 the above outcomes 995:1012 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 4 31 theme degradation 586:596 arg1 400 °C 611:616 400 °C 611:616 400 °C 611:616 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 4 31 theme degradation 586:596 arg1 temperature 598:608 maximum degradation temperature 578:608 maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) 578:617 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 2 32 theme quantity 356:363 arg1 presence 337:344 the presence 333:344 the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF 333:408 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 0 33 theme cellulosic 26:35 arg1 fiber 45:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 a new cellulosic natural fiber 20:49 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 5 34 theme thermo 699:704 arg1 analysis 718:725 the thermo gravimetric analysis 695:725 the thermo gravimetric analysis 695:725 of the FRRF areestablished by the thermo gravimetric analysis. 31525413 4 35 theme kinetic 623:629 arg1 energy 642:647 kinetic activation energy 623:647 kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 623:663 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 4 36 theme Thermal 550:556 arg1 325 °C 569:574 325 °C 569:574 325 °C 569:574 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 4 36 theme Thermal 550:556 arg1 stability 558:566 Thermal stability 550:566 Thermal stability (325 °C) 550:575 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 2 37 theme higher 349:354 arg1 quantity 356:363 higher quantity 349:363 higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) 349:396 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 5 38 theme gravimetric 706:716 arg1 analysis 718:725 the thermo gravimetric analysis 695:725 the thermo gravimetric analysis 695:725 of the FRRF areestablished by the thermo gravimetric analysis. 31525413 8 39 theme desirable 1044:1052 arg1 FRRF 1032:1035 novel FRRF 1026:1035 novel FRRF 1026:1035 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 8 39 theme desirable 1044:1052 arg1 reinforcement 1054:1066 the desirable reinforcement 1040:1066 the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials 1040:1120 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 8 40 theme composite 1102:1110 arg1 materials 1112:1120 the fiber reinforced composite materials 1081:1120 the fiber reinforced composite materials 1081:1120 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 1 41 theme Physical 100:107 arg1 properties 144:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties 100:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 100:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 0 42 theme fiber 45:49 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber 0:49 Characterization of a new cellulosic natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree. 31525413 2 43 attach presence 337:344 arg2 quantity 356:363 higher quantity 349:363 higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) 349:396 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 2 43 attach presence 337:344 arg1 FRRF 405:408 the FRRF 401:408 the FRRF 401:408 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 3 44 theme present 517:523 arg1 groups 510:515 the chemical groups 497:515 the chemical groups present in the considered fibre 497:547 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 7 45 theme microscope 892:901 arg1 analysis 903:910 Atomic force microscope analysis 879:910 Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) 879:916 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 45 theme microscope 892:901 arg1 AFM 913:915 AFM 913:915 AFM 913:915 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 2 46 theme diffraction 290:300 arg1 results 317:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 4 47 theme activation 631:640 arg1 energy 642:647 kinetic activation energy 623:647 kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 623:663 Thermal stability (325 °C), maximum degradation temperature (400 °C) and kinetic activation energy (68.02 kJ/mol.) 31525413 2 48 from presence 337:344 arg1 FRRF 405:408 the FRRF 401:408 the FRRF 401:408 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 1 49 theme chemical 110:117 arg1 properties 144:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties 100:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 100:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 7 50 dep analysis 860:867 arg1 outcomes 918:925 outcomes 918:925 outcomes 918:925 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 7 51 theme Atomic 879:884 arg1 microscope 892:901 Atomic force microscope 879:901 Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) 879:916 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 3 52 theme spectroscopy 444:455 arg1 analysis 457:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 1 53 theme Ficus 203:207 arg1 FRRF 224:227 FRRF 224:227 FRRF 224:227 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 1 53 theme Ficus 203:207 arg1 tree 219:222 Ficus Religiosa tree 203:222 Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 203:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 8 54 theme novel 1026:1030 arg1 FRRF 1032:1035 novel FRRF 1026:1035 novel FRRF 1026:1035 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 8 54 theme novel 1026:1030 arg1 reinforcement 1054:1066 the desirable reinforcement 1040:1066 the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials 1040:1120 Altogether the above outcomes proved that novel FRRF is the desirable reinforcement to fabricate the fiber reinforced composite materials. 31525413 7 55 theme force 886:890 arg1 microscope 892:901 Atomic force microscope 879:901 Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) 879:916 Scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Atomic force microscope analysis (AFM) outcomes revealed that FRRF has the relatively smoothest surface. 31525413 1 56 theme thermal 120:126 arg1 properties 144:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties 100:153 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 100:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 3 57 theme Nuclear 411:417 arg1 NMR 439:441 NMR 439:441 NMR 439:441 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 3 57 theme Nuclear 411:417 arg1 Resonance 428:436 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 411:436 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis 411:464 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analysis is transported away to support the chemical groups present in the considered fibre. 31525413 1 58 theme Religiosa 209:217 arg1 FRRF 224:227 FRRF 224:227 FRRF 224:227 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 1 58 theme Religiosa 209:217 arg1 tree 219:222 Ficus Religiosa tree 203:222 Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 203:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 31525413 6 59 theme physical 812:819 arg1 analysis 821:828 the physical analysis 808:828 the physical analysis 808:828 The diameter (25.62 μm) and density (1246 kg/m3) of the FRRF have been found by the physical analysis. 31525413 2 60 theme analysis 308:315 arg1 results 317:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results 258:323 The chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results ensured the presence of higher quantity of cellulose content (55.58 wt%) in the FRRF. 31525413 1 61 theme tree 219:222 arg1 root 195:198 the root 191:198 the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) 191:228 Physical, chemical, thermal and crystalline properties of new natural fiber extracted from the root of Ficus Religiosa tree(FRRF) are reported in this study. 29859686 4 0 theme component 665:673 arg1 selection 630:638 the selection 626:638 the selection of the bulk mobile phase component 626:673 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 0 1 theme phase 72:76 arg1 composition 78:88 mobile phase composition 65:88 mobile phase composition 65:88 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 2 2 theme trace 337:341 arg1 analyses 343:350 trace analyses 337:350 trace analyses 337:350 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 6 3 theme order 1113:1117 arg1 reversal 1119:1126 elution order reversal 1105:1126 elution order reversal 1105:1126 ESA generally improved selectivity, and multiple instances of elution order reversal were observed. 29859686 5 4 theme immobilized 819:829 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 4 theme immobilized 819:829 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 4 5 theme chiral 579:584 arg1 phases 597:602 coated chiral stationary phases 572:602 coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs) 572:609 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 4 5 theme chiral 579:584 arg1 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 5 6 from column 808:813 arg1 pairs 762:766 six pairs 758:766 six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 758:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 6 7 theme multiple 1083:1090 arg1 instances 1092:1100 multiple instances 1083:1100 multiple instances of elution order reversal 1083:1126 ESA generally improved selectivity, and multiple instances of elution order reversal were observed. 29859686 7 8 theme Deemter 1149:1155 arg1 study 1162:1166 A Van Deemter plot study 1143:1166 A Van Deemter plot study 1143:1166 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 5 9 theme amylose-based 831:843 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 9 theme amylose-based 831:843 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 4 10 theme coated 572:577 arg1 phases 597:602 coated chiral stationary phases 572:602 coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs) 572:609 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 4 10 theme coated 572:577 arg1 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 4 11 theme phase 659:663 arg1 component 665:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 5 12 theme esters 782:787 arg1 pairs 762:766 six pairs 758:766 six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 758:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 3 13 theme enantiomers 508:518 arg1 separations 493:503 separations 493:503 separations of enantiomers 493:518 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 5 14 theme different 855:863 arg1 combinations 865:876 different combinations 855:876 different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 855:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 15 theme CHIRALPAK® 794:803 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 15 theme CHIRALPAK® 794:803 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 7 16 theme stationary 1339:1348 arg1 phase 1350:1354 the stationary phase 1335:1354 the stationary phase 1335:1354 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 7 16 theme stationary 1339:1348 arg1 reason 1375:1380 the main reason 1366:1380 the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity 1366:1417 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 5 17 dep solvents 890:897 arg1 solvents 890:897 standard solvents 881:897 standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 881:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 17 dep solvents 890:897 arg1 ethanol 911:917 ethanol 911:917 ethanol 911:917 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 17 dep solvents 890:897 arg1 hexane 900:905 hexane 900:905 hexane 900:905 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 3 18 theme Previous 385:392 arg1 work 394:397 Previous work 385:397 Previous work 385:397 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 1 19 theme powerful 166:173 arg1 tool 175:178 a powerful tool 164:178 a powerful tool in chiral separations 164:200 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 1 19 theme powerful 166:173 arg1 ability 95:101 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers 91:159 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers 91:159 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 0 20 theme normal 8:13 arg1 enantioselectivity 21:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity 0:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 0:89 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 5 21 from pairs 762:766 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 21 from pairs 762:766 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 22 theme ESA 704:706 arg1 modifier 708:715 ESA modifier 704:715 ESA modifier 704:715 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 3 23 theme acidic 421:426 arg1 acid 462:465 ethanesulfonic acid 447:465 ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) 447:471 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 3 23 theme acidic 421:426 arg1 modifiers 428:436 acidic modifiers 421:436 acidic modifiers 421:436 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 0 24 theme Tunable 0:6 arg1 enantioselectivity 21:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity 0:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 0:89 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 5 25 theme pairs 762:766 arg1 enantioseparation 737:753 the enantioseparation 733:753 the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 733:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 7 26 theme enantiomer 1218:1227 arg1 deeper 1229:1234 the enantiomer deeper 1214:1234 the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity 1214:1417 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 4 27 theme prior 530:534 arg1 studies 536:542 prior studies 530:542 prior studies 530:542 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 5 28 theme solvents 890:897 arg1 combinations 865:876 different combinations 855:876 different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 855:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 7 29 theme polymer 1273:1279 arg1 cavity 1252:1257 the chiral cavity 1241:1257 the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer 1241:1279 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 1 30 theme chiral 183:188 arg1 separations 190:200 chiral separations 183:200 chiral separations 183:200 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 0 31 theme phase 15:19 arg1 enantioselectivity 21:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity 0:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 0:89 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 5 32 theme standard 881:888 arg1 solvents 890:897 standard solvents 881:897 standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 881:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 32 theme standard 881:888 arg1 ethanol 911:917 ethanol 911:917 ethanol 911:917 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 32 theme standard 881:888 arg1 hexane 900:905 hexane 900:905 hexane 900:905 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 2 33 theme elution 292:298 arg1 order 300:304 elution order 292:304 elution order 292:304 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 1 34 theme mobile 138:143 arg1 modifiers 151:159 mobile phase modifiers 138:159 mobile phase modifiers 138:159 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 0 35 theme amino 43:47 arg1 esters 54:59 amino acid esters 43:59 amino acid esters 43:59 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 7 36 theme plot 1157:1160 arg1 study 1162:1166 A Van Deemter plot study 1143:1166 A Van Deemter plot study 1143:1166 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 acetone 1018:1024 acetone 1018:1024 acetone 1018:1024 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 solvents 946:953 "non-standard" solvents 931:953 "non-standard" solvents 931:953 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 ether 979:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 37 theme non-standard 932:943 arg1 acetate 992:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 4 38 theme mobile 652:657 arg1 component 665:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 5 39 theme ethyl 986:990 arg1 acetate 992:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 1,4-dioxane 1030:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 tetrahydrofuran 1001:1015 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 acetone 1018:1024 acetone 1018:1024 acetone 1018:1024 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 solvents 946:953 "non-standard" solvents 931:953 "non-standard" solvents 931:953 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 ether 979:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 40 theme " 944:944 arg1 acetate 992:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 ethyl acetate 986:998 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 3 41 theme ethanesulfonic 447:460 arg1 ESA 468:470 ESA 468:470 ESA 468:470 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 3 41 theme ethanesulfonic 447:460 arg1 acid 462:465 ethanesulfonic acid 447:465 ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) 447:471 Previous work has demonstrated that acidic modifiers, such as ethanesulfonic acid (ESA), can greatly impact separations of enantiomers. 29859686 0 42 theme esters 54:59 arg1 enantioselectivity 21:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity 0:38 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 0:89 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 5 43 with column 808:813 arg1 combinations 865:876 different combinations 855:876 different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 855:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 2 44 dep order 300:304 arg1 isolations 373:382 isolations 373:382 isolations 373:382 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 0 45 theme acid 49:52 arg1 esters 54:59 amino acid esters 43:59 amino acid esters 43:59 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 7 46 theme increased 1390:1398 arg1 enantioselectivity 1400:1417 the increased enantioselectivity 1386:1417 the increased enantioselectivity 1386:1417 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 7 47 theme chiral 1266:1271 arg1 polymer 1273:1279 the chiral polymer 1262:1279 the chiral polymer 1262:1279 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 1 48 theme chiral 111:116 arg1 selectivity 118:128 chiral selectivity 111:128 chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers 111:159 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 7 49 theme chiral 1245:1250 arg1 cavity 1252:1257 the chiral cavity 1241:1257 the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer 1241:1279 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 6 50 theme reversal 1119:1126 arg1 instances 1092:1100 multiple instances 1083:1100 multiple instances of elution order reversal 1083:1126 ESA generally improved selectivity, and multiple instances of elution order reversal were observed. 29859686 2 51 theme phase 262:266 arg1 systems 268:274 some mobile phase systems 250:274 some mobile phase systems 250:274 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 5 52 from esters 782:787 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 52 from esters 782:787 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 2 53 theme desirable 316:324 arg1 result 326:331 a highly desirable result 307:331 a highly desirable result for trace analyses 307:350 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 5 54 theme methyl 964:969 arg1 ether 979:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 2 55 theme mobile 255:260 arg1 systems 268:274 some mobile phase systems 250:274 some mobile phase systems 250:274 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 1 56 from tool 175:178 arg1 separations 190:200 chiral separations 183:200 chiral separations 183:200 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 29859686 4 57 theme bulk 647:650 arg1 component 665:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 the bulk mobile phase component 643:673 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 4 58 theme stationary 586:595 arg1 phases 597:602 coated chiral stationary phases 572:602 coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs) 572:609 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 4 58 theme stationary 586:595 arg1 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 CSPs 605:608 However, prior studies were primarily performed on coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs), which limited the selection of the bulk mobile phase component. 29859686 0 59 theme mobile 65:70 arg1 composition 78:88 mobile phase composition 65:88 mobile phase composition 65:88 Tunable normal phase enantioselectivity of amino acid esters via mobile phase composition. 29859686 5 60 theme t-butyl 971:977 arg1 ether 979:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 methyl t-butyl ether 964:983 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 6 61 theme elution 1105:1111 arg1 reversal 1119:1126 elution order reversal 1105:1126 elution order reversal 1105:1126 ESA generally improved selectivity, and multiple instances of elution order reversal were observed. 29859686 5 62 theme acid 777:780 arg1 esters 782:787 amino acid esters 771:787 amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 771:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 2 63 theme preparative 355:365 arg1 scale 367:371 preparative scale 355:371 preparative scale 355:371 Beyond improving efficiency and/or resolution, some mobile phase systems can even invert elution order, a highly desirable result for trace analyses or preparative scale isolations. 29859686 5 64 theme IA 805:806 arg1 CSP 845:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 an immobilized amylose-based CSP 816:847 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 64 theme IA 805:806 arg1 column 808:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 a CHIRALPAK® IA column 792:813 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 5 65 theme modifier 708:715 arg1 effect 694:699 the effect 690:699 the effect of ESA modifier 690:715 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 7 66 theme main 1370:1373 arg1 phase 1350:1354 the stationary phase 1335:1354 the stationary phase 1335:1354 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 7 66 theme main 1370:1373 arg1 reason 1375:1380 the main reason 1366:1380 the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity 1366:1417 A Van Deemter plot study reveals that ESA exerts its effect by pulling the enantiomer deeper into the chiral cavity of the chiral polymer to increase the interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase, which is the main reason for the increased enantioselectivity. 29859686 5 67 theme amino 771:775 arg1 esters 782:787 amino acid esters 771:787 amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane 771:1040 In this work, the effect of ESA modifier was studied for the enantioseparation of six pairs of amino acid esters on a CHIRALPAK® IA column, an immobilized amylose-based CSP, with different combinations of standard solvents (hexane and ethanol) as well as "non-standard" solvents, such as methyl t-butyl ether, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, or 1,4-dioxane. 29859686 1 68 theme phase 145:149 arg1 modifiers 151:159 mobile phase modifiers 138:159 mobile phase modifiers 138:159 The ability to tune chiral selectivity through mobile phase modifiers is a powerful tool in chiral separations. 30327006 7 0 theme antifriction 1172:1183 arg1 effect 1185:1190 an apparent antifriction effect 1160:1190 an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface 1160:1211 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 4 1 theme Hyaluronic 486:495 arg1 acid 497:500 Hyaluronic acid 486:500 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) 486:541 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 4 1 theme Hyaluronic 486:495 arg1 HA 503:504 HA 503:504 HA 503:504 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 1 2 theme degenerative 152:163 arg1 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis (OA) 114:132 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 1 2 theme degenerative 152:163 arg1 disease 165:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease 137:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body 137:189 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 0 3 theme Graphene 80:87 arg1 Oxide 89:93 Graphene Oxide 80:93 Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis 80:111 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 9 4 theme osteoarthritis 1442:1455 arg1 treatment 1429:1437 the treatment 1425:1437 the treatment of osteoarthritis 1425:1455 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces might contribute to the treatment of osteoarthritis through ecological restoration. 30327006 5 5 theme graphite 865:872 arg1 nano-sheets 880:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 2 6 theme human 356:360 arg1 body 362:365 the human body 352:365 the human body 352:365 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 4 7 from regulation 641:650 arg1 cavity 689:694 the joint cavity 679:694 the joint cavity 679:694 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 2 8 theme cartilage 290:298 arg1 restoration 275:285 the ecological restoration 260:285 the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body 260:365 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 6 9 theme activity 1092:1099 arg1 increase 1101:1108 TIMP-1 activity increase 1085:1108 TIMP-1 activity increase 1085:1108 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 7 10 theme apparent 1163:1170 arg1 effect 1185:1190 an apparent antifriction effect 1160:1190 an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface 1160:1211 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 8 11 theme long-term 1292:1300 arg1 improvement 1314:1324 long-term lubrication improvement 1292:1324 long-term lubrication improvement 1292:1324 It was also conducive to long-term lubrication improvement. 30327006 2 12 theme body 362:365 arg1 micro-environment 331:347 the micro-environment 327:347 the micro-environment of the human body 327:365 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 4 13 theme lubricating 554:564 arg1 condition 566:574 a lubricating condition 552:574 a lubricating condition for cartilage repair 552:595 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 6 14 theme TIMP-1 1085:1090 arg1 increase 1101:1108 TIMP-1 activity increase 1085:1108 TIMP-1 activity increase 1085:1108 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 9 15 theme ecological 1465:1474 arg1 restoration 1476:1486 ecological restoration 1465:1486 ecological restoration 1465:1486 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces might contribute to the treatment of osteoarthritis through ecological restoration. 30327006 6 16 theme film 984:987 arg1 form 956:959 the form 952:959 the form of a solid lubrication film 952:987 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 5 17 theme functional 840:849 arg1 groups 851:856 oxygen-containing functional groups 822:856 oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets 822:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 4 18 theme important 619:627 arg1 role 629:632 an important role 616:632 an important role 616:632 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 5 19 theme lubricant 760:768 arg1 stability 744:752 the stability 740:752 the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO 740:787 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 5 19 theme lubricant 760:768 arg1 dependent 793:801 dependent 793:801 dependent 793:801 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 6 20 theme MMP-3/TIMP-1 1064:1075 arg1 ratio 1055:1059 the ratio 1051:1059 the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 1051:1075 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 6 20 theme MMP-3/TIMP-1 1064:1075 arg1 cartilage 1028:1036 the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 1014:1075 cartilage 1028:1036 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 2 21 theme ecological 264:273 arg1 restoration 275:285 the ecological restoration 260:285 the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body 260:365 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 2 22 theme self-repairing 385:398 arg1 ability 400:406 its self-repairing ability 381:406 its self-repairing ability 381:406 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 4 23 dep oxide 532:536 arg1 GO 539:540 GO 539:540 GO 539:540 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 1 24 theme human 180:184 arg1 body 186:189 the human body 176:189 the human body 176:189 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 0 25 theme Restoration 0:10 arg1 Effect 12:17 Restoration Effect 0:17 Restoration Effect 0:17 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 5 26 from nano-sheets 880:890 arg1 presence 810:817 the presence 806:817 the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets 806:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 5 27 theme oxygen-containing 822:838 arg1 groups 851:856 oxygen-containing functional groups 822:856 oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets 822:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 1 28 theme body 186:189 arg1 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis (OA) 114:132 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 1 28 theme body 186:189 arg1 disease 165:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease 137:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body 137:189 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 0 29 theme Tribological 23:34 arg1 Behavior 36:43 Tribological Behavior 23:43 Tribological Behavior 23:43 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 6 30 theme joint 935:939 arg1 surface 941:947 the joint surface 931:947 the joint surface 931:947 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 4 31 from cavity 689:694 arg1 regulation 641:650 the regulation 637:650 the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity 637:694 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 6 32 dep cartilage 1028:1036 arg1 necrosis 1038:1045 necrosis 1038:1045 necrosis 1038:1045 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 6 33 theme articular 1018:1026 arg1 cartilage 1028:1036 the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 1014:1075 cartilage 1028:1036 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 0 34 from Oxide 89:93 arg1 Osteoarthritis 98:111 Osteoarthritis 98:111 Osteoarthritis 98:111 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 5 35 theme oxide 874:878 arg1 nano-sheets 880:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 3 36 theme knee 465:468 arg1 joints 470:475 the knee joints 461:475 the knee joints of rats 461:483 In the present study, lubricants were injected into the knee joints of rats. 30327006 6 37 dep The 893:895 arg1 GO 897:898 GO 897:898 GO 897:898 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 5 38 theme groups 851:856 arg1 presence 810:817 the presence 806:817 the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets 806:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 7 39 theme cartilage 1249:1257 arg1 repair 1259:1264 cartilage repair 1249:1264 cartilage repair 1249:1264 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 3 40 theme present 416:422 arg1 study 424:428 the present study 412:428 the present study 412:428 In the present study, lubricants were injected into the knee joints of rats. 30327006 9 41 theme cartilage 1375:1383 arg1 interfaces 1394:1403 the cartilage friction interfaces 1371:1403 the cartilage friction interfaces 1371:1403 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces might contribute to the treatment of osteoarthritis through ecological restoration. 30327006 5 42 theme experimental 701:712 arg1 results 714:720 The experimental results 697:720 The experimental results 697:720 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 0 43 theme Acid 59:62 arg1 Effect 12:17 Restoration Effect 0:17 Restoration Effect 0:17 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 0 43 theme Acid 59:62 arg1 Behavior 36:43 Tribological Behavior 23:43 Tribological Behavior 23:43 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 2 44 theme desirable 219:227 arg1 treatment 229:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment 192:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment 192:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 5 45 from presence 810:817 arg1 nano-sheets 880:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 3 46 theme rats 480:483 arg1 joints 470:475 the knee joints 461:475 the knee joints of rats 461:483 In the present study, lubricants were injected into the knee joints of rats. 30327006 0 47 theme Hyaluronic 48:57 arg1 Acid 59:62 Hyaluronic Acid 48:62 Hyaluronic Acid 48:62 Restoration Effect and Tribological Behavior of Hyaluronic Acid Reinforced with Graphene Oxide in Osteoarthritis. 30327006 4 48 theme graphene 523:530 arg1 oxide 532:536 graphene oxide 523:536 graphene oxide (GO) 523:541 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 2 49 theme efficient 205:213 arg1 treatment 229:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment 192:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment 192:237 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 4 50 theme microenvironment 659:674 arg1 regulation 641:650 the regulation 637:650 the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity 637:694 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 9 51 theme micro-environment 1345:1361 arg1 adjustment 1331:1340 The adjustment 1327:1340 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces 1327:1403 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces might contribute to the treatment of osteoarthritis through ecological restoration. 30327006 7 52 from effect 1185:1190 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the joint surface 1195:1211 the joint surface 1195:1211 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 6 53 theme lubrication 972:982 arg1 film 984:987 a solid lubrication film 964:987 a solid lubrication film 964:987 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 4 54 theme joint 683:687 arg1 cavity 689:694 the joint cavity 679:694 the joint cavity 679:694 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 4 55 theme cartilage 580:588 arg1 repair 590:595 cartilage repair 580:595 cartilage repair 580:595 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 8 56 theme lubrication 1302:1312 arg1 improvement 1314:1324 long-term lubrication improvement 1292:1324 long-term lubrication improvement 1292:1324 It was also conducive to long-term lubrication improvement. 30327006 7 57 theme stable 1226:1231 arg1 environment 1233:1243 a stable environment 1224:1243 a stable environment for cartilage repair 1224:1264 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 2 58 theme micro-environment 331:347 arg1 adjustments 312:322 the adjustments 308:322 the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body 308:365 A relatively efficient and desirable treatment exists that leads to the ecological restoration of cartilage through the adjustments of the micro-environment of the human body and relies on its self-repairing ability. 30327006 5 59 from groups 851:856 arg1 nano-sheets 880:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 the graphite oxide nano-sheets 861:890 The experimental results demonstrated that the stability of HA lubricant reinforced with GO was dependent on the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphite oxide nano-sheets. 30327006 4 60 from microenvironment 659:674 arg1 cavity 689:694 the joint cavity 679:694 the joint cavity 679:694 Hyaluronic acid (HA) reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) provided a lubricating condition for cartilage repair, as well as played an important role in the regulation of the microenvironment in the joint cavity. 30327006 6 61 theme solid 966:970 arg1 film 984:987 a solid lubrication film 964:987 a solid lubrication film 964:987 The GO could be evenly distributed on the joint surface in the form of a solid lubrication film and was able to decrease the articular cartilage necrosis and the ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 through TIMP-1 activity increase. 30327006 1 62 theme unavoidable 140:150 arg1 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis 114:127 Osteoarthritis (OA) 114:132 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 1 62 theme unavoidable 140:150 arg1 disease 165:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease 137:171 an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body 137:189 Osteoarthritis (OA) is an unavoidable degenerative disease of the human body. 30327006 7 63 theme joint 1199:1203 arg1 surface 1205:1211 the joint surface 1195:1211 the joint surface 1195:1211 The HA lubricant reinforced with GO demonstrated an apparent antifriction effect on the joint surface, providing a stable environment for cartilage repair. 30327006 9 64 theme friction 1385:1392 arg1 interfaces 1394:1403 the cartilage friction interfaces 1371:1403 the cartilage friction interfaces 1371:1403 The adjustment of micro-environment between the cartilage friction interfaces might contribute to the treatment of osteoarthritis through ecological restoration. 30604142 0 0 from Utilization 11:21 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 2 1 dep fourier 626:632 arg1 transform 634:642 transform 634:642 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 634:671 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 3 2 theme beagle 789:794 arg1 dogs 796:799 beagle dogs 789:799 beagle dogs 789:799 Finally, the in vivo study in fasted/fed state was carried out in beagle dogs. 30604142 0 3 theme Solid 83:87 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 1 4 theme bioavailability 343:357 arg1 effect 378:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 2 5 theme X-ray 600:604 arg1 PXRD 619:622 PXRD 619:622 PXRD 619:622 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 5 theme X-ray 600:604 arg1 fourier 626:632 fourier 626:632 fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 626:671 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 5 theme X-ray 600:604 arg1 diffraction 606:616 powder X-ray diffraction 593:616 powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) 593:623 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 1 6 theme Plasdone-S630 243:255 arg1 combination 228:238 a novel combination 220:238 a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF 220:269 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 0 7 theme Hot-Melt 103:110 arg1 Extrusion 112:120 Hot-Melt Extrusion 103:120 Hot-Melt Extrusion 103:120 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 8 8 theme desired 1471:1477 arg1 bioavailability 1484:1498 a desired oral bioavailability 1469:1498 a desired oral bioavailability 1469:1498 This result indicated that ziprasidone has achieved a desired oral bioavailability in fasted state and no food effect. 30604142 2 9 theme powder 593:598 arg1 PXRD 619:622 PXRD 619:622 PXRD 619:622 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 9 theme powder 593:598 arg1 fourier 626:632 fourier 626:632 fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 626:671 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 9 theme powder 593:598 arg1 diffraction 606:616 powder X-ray diffraction 593:616 powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) 593:623 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 10 theme infrared 644:651 arg1 FTIR 667:670 FTIR 667:670 FTIR 667:670 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 10 theme infrared 644:651 arg1 spectroscopy 653:664 infrared spectroscopy 644:664 infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 644:671 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 6 11 theme ZH-SD 1130:1134 arg1 micrograph 1116:1125 the micrograph 1112:1125 the micrograph of ZH-SD 1112:1134 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 6 12 theme microscope 1182:1191 arg1 result 1154:1159 the result 1150:1159 the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM) 1150:1197 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 2 13 theme central 533:539 arg1 CCD 559:561 CCD 559:561 CCD 559:561 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 13 theme central 533:539 arg1 design 551:556 the central composite design 529:556 the central composite design (CCD) 529:562 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 1 14 theme dismissed 363:371 arg1 food 373:376 dismissed food 363:376 dismissed food 363:376 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 4 15 theme HME 826:828 arg1 technique 830:838 HME technique 826:838 HME technique 826:838 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 1 16 theme HPMCAS-HF 261:269 arg1 combination 228:238 a novel combination 220:238 a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF 220:269 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 1 17 theme food 373:376 arg1 effect 378:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 7 18 theme ZH-SD 1263:1267 arg1 formulation 1269:1279 ZH-SD formulation 1263:1279 ZH-SD formulation 1263:1279 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 2 19 theme hydrochloride 398:410 arg1 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 19 theme hydrochloride 398:410 arg1 dispersion 418:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion 386:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) 386:435 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 20 theme optimized 491:499 arg1 formulation 501:511 its optimized formulation 487:511 its optimized formulation 487:511 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 7 21 theme ZH-SD 1360:1364 arg1 AUC 1353:1355 AUC 1353:1355 AUC 1353:1355 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 7 21 theme ZH-SD 1360:1364 arg1 Cmax 1344:1347 Cmax 1344:1347 Cmax 1344:1347 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 2 22 theme solid 412:416 arg1 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 22 theme solid 412:416 arg1 dispersion 418:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion 386:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) 386:435 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 0 23 theme Combined 2:9 arg1 Utilization 11:21 A Combined Utilization 0:21 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion 0:120 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 0 24 from Plasdone-S630 26:38 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 4 25 theme PXRD 811:814 arg1 analysis 816:823 PXRD analysis 811:823 PXRD analysis 811:823 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 3 26 dep in 736:737 arg1 vivo 739:742 vivo 739:742 vivo 739:742 Finally, the in vivo study in fasted/fed state was carried out in beagle dogs. 30604142 0 27 from HPMCAS-HF 44:52 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 1 28 theme oral 338:341 arg1 bioavailability 343:357 oral bioavailability 338:357 oral bioavailability 338:357 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 2 29 theme hot-melt 453:460 arg1 technique 472:480 hot-melt extrusion technique 453:480 hot-melt extrusion technique 453:480 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 6 30 theme electron 1173:1180 arg1 SEM 1194:1196 SEM 1194:1196 SEM 1194:1196 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 6 30 theme electron 1173:1180 arg1 microscope 1182:1191 scanning electron microscope 1164:1191 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 1164:1197 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 2 31 theme Ziprasidone 386:396 arg1 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 ZH-SD 430:434 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 31 theme Ziprasidone 386:396 arg1 dispersion 418:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion 386:427 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) 386:435 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 7 32 theme fed 1325:1327 arg1 state 1329:1333 fasted and fed state 1314:1333 fasted and fed state 1314:1333 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 1 33 theme hot-melt 274:281 arg1 carrier 283:289 hot-melt carrier 274:289 hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 274:383 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 4 34 theme low 882:884 arg1 form 914:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 2 35 dep in 674:675 arg1 vitro 677:681 vitro 677:681 vitro 677:681 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 36 theme composite 541:549 arg1 CCD 559:561 CCD 559:561 CCD 559:561 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 36 theme composite 541:549 arg1 design 551:556 the central composite design 529:556 the central composite design (CCD) 529:562 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 6 37 theme noticeable 1063:1072 arg1 bulk 1074:1077 any noticeable bulk 1059:1077 any noticeable bulk 1059:1077 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 7 38 dep Cmax 1344:1347 arg1 the 1340:1342 the 1340:1342 the 1340:1342 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 0 39 from Dispersion 89:98 arg1 Utilization 11:21 A Combined Utilization 0:21 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion 0:120 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 7 40 theme formulation 1269:1279 arg1 bioavailability 1244:1258 the bioavailability 1240:1258 the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation 1240:1279 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 8 41 theme fasted 1503:1508 arg1 state 1510:1514 fasted state 1503:1514 fasted state 1503:1514 This result indicated that ziprasidone has achieved a desired oral bioavailability in fasted state and no food effect. 30604142 1 42 theme study 198:202 arg1 purpose 182:188 The purpose 178:188 The purpose of this study 178:202 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 4 43 theme hydrochloride 900:912 arg1 form 914:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 4 44 theme crystallinity 886:898 arg1 form 914:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 8 45 theme food 1523:1526 arg1 effect 1528:1533 no food effect 1520:1533 no food effect 1520:1533 This result indicated that ziprasidone has achieved a desired oral bioavailability in fasted state and no food effect. 30604142 0 46 theme Plasdone-S630 26:38 arg1 Utilization 11:21 A Combined Utilization 0:21 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion 0:120 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 7 47 theme fasted 1403:1408 arg1 state 1410:1414 fasted state 1403:1414 fasted state 1403:1414 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 0 48 theme Oral 137:140 arg1 Bioavailability 142:156 the Oral Bioavailability 133:156 the Oral Bioavailability 133:156 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 3 49 theme fasted/fed 753:762 arg1 state 764:768 fasted/fed state 753:768 fasted/fed state 753:768 Finally, the in vivo study in fasted/fed state was carried out in beagle dogs. 30604142 5 50 theme hydrogen 971:978 arg1 bonds 980:984 hydrogen bonds 971:984 hydrogen bonds 971:984 According to the analysis of FTIR, hydrogen bonds were formed between drug and polymers during the process of HME. 30604142 1 51 theme ziprasidone 299:309 arg1 hydrochloride 311:323 ziprasidone hydrochloride 299:323 ziprasidone hydrochloride 299:323 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 5 52 theme HME 1046:1048 arg1 process 1035:1041 the process 1031:1041 the process of HME 1031:1048 According to the analysis of FTIR, hydrogen bonds were formed between drug and polymers during the process of HME. 30604142 8 53 theme oral 1479:1482 arg1 bioavailability 1484:1498 a desired oral bioavailability 1469:1498 a desired oral bioavailability 1469:1498 This result indicated that ziprasidone has achieved a desired oral bioavailability in fasted state and no food effect. 30604142 6 54 theme scanning 1164:1171 arg1 SEM 1194:1196 SEM 1194:1196 SEM 1194:1196 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 6 54 theme scanning 1164:1171 arg1 microscope 1182:1191 scanning electron microscope 1164:1191 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 1164:1197 Without any noticeable bulk, crystalline could be found from the micrograph of ZH-SD when analyzed the result of scanning electron microscope (SEM). 30604142 2 55 theme dissolution 683:693 arg1 study 695:699 in vitro dissolution study 674:699 in vitro dissolution study 674:699 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 0 56 theme HPMCAS-HF 44:52 arg1 Utilization 11:21 A Combined Utilization 0:21 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion 0:120 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 3 57 theme in 736:737 arg1 study 744:748 the in vivo study 732:748 the in vivo study in fasted/fed state 732:768 Finally, the in vivo study in fasted/fed state was carried out in beagle dogs. 30604142 7 58 contain had 1281:1283 arg2 difference 1300:1309 no significant difference 1285:1309 no significant difference 1285:1309 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 7 58 contain had 1281:1283 arg1 bioavailability 1244:1258 the bioavailability 1240:1258 the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation 1240:1279 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 3 59 from study 744:748 arg1 state 764:768 fasted/fed state 753:768 fasted/fed state 753:768 Finally, the in vivo study in fasted/fed state was carried out in beagle dogs. 30604142 4 60 from ziprasidone 863:873 arg1 polymers 926:933 the polymers 922:933 the polymers 922:933 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 7 61 theme fasted 1314:1319 arg1 state 1329:1333 fasted and fed state 1314:1333 fasted and fed state 1314:1333 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 2 62 theme in 674:675 arg1 study 695:699 in vitro dissolution study 674:699 in vitro dissolution study 674:699 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 7 63 theme Pharmacokinetics 1200:1215 arg1 studies 1217:1223 Pharmacokinetics studies 1200:1223 Pharmacokinetics studies 1200:1223 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 0 64 theme Food 165:168 arg1 Effect 170:175 No Food Effect 162:175 No Food Effect 162:175 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 4 65 with ziprasidone 863:873 arg1 form 914:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 a low crystallinity hydrochloride form 880:917 Based on PXRD analysis, HME technique successfully dispersed ziprasidone with a low crystallinity hydrochloride form in the polymers. 30604142 0 66 theme Hydrochloride 69:81 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 5 67 theme FTIR 965:968 arg1 analysis 953:960 the analysis 949:960 the analysis of FTIR 949:968 According to the analysis of FTIR, hydrogen bonds were formed between drug and polymers during the process of HME. 30604142 7 68 theme significant 1288:1298 arg1 difference 1300:1309 no significant difference 1285:1309 no significant difference 1285:1309 Pharmacokinetics studies indicated that the bioavailability of ZH-SD formulation had no significant difference in fasted and fed state, and the Cmax and AUC of ZH-SD were two fold higher than Zeldox® in fasted state. 30604142 1 69 theme novel 222:226 arg1 combination 228:238 a novel combination 220:238 a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF 220:269 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 0 70 theme Ziprasidone 57:67 arg1 Dispersion 89:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion 57:98 A Combined Utilization of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF in Ziprasidone Hydrochloride Solid Dispersion by Hot-Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability and No Food Effect. 30604142 1 71 theme enhanced 329:336 arg1 effect 378:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect 329:383 The purpose of this study was to research a novel combination of Plasdone-S630 and HPMCAS-HF as hot-melt carrier used in ziprasidone hydrochloride for enhanced oral bioavailability and dismissed food effect. 30604142 2 72 theme extrusion 462:470 arg1 technique 472:480 hot-melt extrusion technique 453:480 hot-melt extrusion technique 453:480 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30604142 2 73 dep design 551:556 arg1 study 716:720 study 716:720 study 716:720 Ziprasidone hydrochloride solid dispersion (ZH-SD) was prepared by hot-melt extrusion technique, and its optimized formulation was selected by the central composite design (CCD), which was characterized for powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in vitro dissolution study, and stability study. 30774051 14 0 from milk 2211:2214 arg1 percentages 2070:2080 The percentages 2066:2080 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW 2066:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 0 from milk 2211:2214 arg1 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 1 theme milk 1877:1880 arg1 yield 1891:1895 milk and milk yield 1877:1895 yield 1891:1895 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 2 2 theme B12 311:313 arg1 concentration 315:327 vitamin B12 concentration 303:327 vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows 303:349 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 1 3 theme vitamin 221:227 arg1 sources 205:211 excellent sources 195:211 excellent sources of this vitamin 195:227 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 1 3 theme vitamin 221:227 arg1 products 154:161 ruminant products 145:161 ruminant products 145:161 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 14 4 theme energy 2121:2126 arg1 supplement 2128:2137 commercial energy supplement 2110:2137 commercial energy supplement in the diet 2110:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 11 5 theme vitamin 1586:1592 arg1 B12 1594:1596 vitamin B12 1586:1596 vitamin B12 1586:1596 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 13 6 theme milk 1886:1889 arg1 yield 1891:1895 milk and milk yield 1877:1895 yield 1891:1895 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 8 7 theme vitamin 1108:1114 arg1 concentrations 1120:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations 1088:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield 1088:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 8 from supplement 2283:2292 arg1 ration 2301:2306 the ration 2297:2306 the ration 2297:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 10 9 theme lactation 1476:1484 arg1 cows 1486:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 13 10 theme vitamin 1848:1854 arg1 B12 1856:1858 vitamin B12 1848:1858 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration 1848:1933 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 1 11 theme ruminant 145:152 arg1 products 154:161 ruminant products 145:161 ruminant products 145:161 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 1 11 theme ruminant 145:152 arg1 sources 205:211 excellent sources 195:211 excellent sources of this vitamin 195:227 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 1 11 theme ruminant 145:152 arg1 products 181:188 dairy products 175:188 especially dairy products 164:188 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 14 12 theme B12 2343:2345 arg1 concentration 2347:2359 vitamin B12 concentration 2335:2359 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2335:2367 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 13 from silage 2247:2252 arg1 ration 2301:2306 the ration 2297:2306 the ration 2297:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 8 14 theme daily 1188:1192 arg1 yield 1194:1198 daily yield 1188:1198 daily yield 1188:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 15 theme mixed 2093:2097 arg1 silage 2099:2104 chopped mixed silage 2085:2104 chopped mixed silage 2085:2104 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 16 contain have 2456:2459 arg1 characteristics 2440:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 16 contain have 2456:2459 arg2 impact 2470:2475 moderate impact 2461:2475 moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2461:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 10 17 theme milk 1345:1348 arg1 concentration 1350:1362 Daily milk concentration 1339:1362 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1339:1377 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 15 18 theme vitamin 2480:2486 arg1 concentration 2492:2504 vitamin B12 concentration 2480:2504 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2480:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 12 19 theme vitamin 1662:1668 arg1 concentration 1674:1686 vitamin B12 concentration 1662:1686 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 1662:1694 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 14 20 from corn 2255:2258 arg1 ration 2301:2306 the ration 2297:2306 the ration 2297:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 21 theme supplement 2283:2292 arg1 percentages 2220:2230 percentages 2220:2230 percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration 2220:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 1 22 theme dairy 175:179 arg1 products 154:161 ruminant products 145:161 ruminant products 145:161 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 1 22 theme dairy 175:179 arg1 products 181:188 dairy products 175:188 especially dairy products 164:188 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 8 23 theme milk 1160:1163 arg1 yield 1165:1169 respective milk yield 1149:1169 respective milk yield 1149:1169 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 24 from related 2185:2191 arg1 milk 2211:2214 milk 2211:2214 milk 2211:2214 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 5 25 theme ingredients 667:677 arg1 composition 652:662 Nutrient composition 643:662 Nutrient composition of ingredients 643:677 Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. 30774051 16 26 from production 2586:2595 arg1 model 2604:2608 the model 2600:2608 the model 2600:2608 Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. 30774051 13 27 from concentration 1921:1933 arg1 yield 1891:1895 milk and milk yield 1877:1895 yield 1891:1895 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 1 28 theme vitamin 100:106 arg1 B12 108:110 vitamin B12 100:110 vitamin B12 100:110 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 13 29 theme milk 2022:2025 arg1 fat 2027:2029 milk fat 2022:2029 milk fat 2022:2029 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 0 30 theme B12 53:55 arg1 concentration 57:69 vitamin B12 concentration 45:69 vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows 45:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 13 31 theme vitamin 1984:1990 arg1 concentration 1996:2008 vitamin B12 concentration 1984:2008 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations 1984:2063 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 14 32 from diet 2146:2149 arg1 percentages 2070:2080 The percentages 2066:2080 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW 2066:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 32 from diet 2146:2149 arg1 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 5 33 theme nutrient 725:732 arg1 composition 734:744 nutrient composition 725:744 nutrient composition of the ration 725:758 Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. 30774051 17 34 from concentration 2733:2745 arg1 variation 2755:2763 milk variation 2750:2763 milk variation 2750:2763 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 6 35 theme B12 921:923 arg1 concentration 925:937 vitamin B12 concentration 913:937 vitamin B12 concentration 913:937 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 17 36 theme studied 2666:2672 arg1 characteristics 2679:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 0 37 from Impact 0:5 arg1 concentration 57:69 vitamin B12 concentration 45:69 vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows 45:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 10 38 theme B12 1375:1377 arg1 concentration 1350:1362 Daily milk concentration 1339:1362 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1339:1377 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 6 39 theme Milk 761:764 arg1 samples 766:772 Milk samples 761:772 Milk samples 761:772 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 13 40 theme Negative 1806:1813 arg1 relationships 1815:1827 Negative relationships 1806:1827 Negative relationships 1806:1827 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 9 41 theme variables 1242:1250 arg1 number 1217:1222 the number 1213:1222 the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model 1213:1288 To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. 30774051 14 42 from concentration 2347:2359 arg1 milk 2364:2367 milk 2364:2367 milk 2364:2367 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 17 43 theme milk 2750:2753 arg1 variation 2755:2763 milk variation 2750:2763 milk variation 2750:2763 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 0 44 theme cows 91:94 arg1 milk 74:77 milk 74:77 milk of Holstein cows 74:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 16 45 theme related 2570:2576 arg1 component 2560:2568 the principal component 2546:2568 the principal component related to milk production in the model 2546:2608 Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. 30774051 2 46 theme dairy 340:344 arg1 cows 346:349 dairy cows 340:349 dairy cows 340:349 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 12 47 from concentration 1674:1686 arg1 milk 1691:1694 milk 1691:1694 milk 1691:1694 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 14 48 theme cow 2162:2164 arg1 BW 2166:2167 cow BW 2162:2167 cow BW 2162:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 0 49 theme diet 10:13 arg1 management 15:24 diet management 10:24 diet management 10:24 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 15 50 from impact 2470:2475 arg1 concentration 2492:2504 vitamin B12 concentration 2480:2504 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2480:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 12 51 theme fiber 1736:1740 arg1 percentage 1722:1731 percentage 1722:1731 percentage of fiber 1722:1740 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 2 52 theme vitamin 303:309 arg1 B12 311:313 vitamin B12 303:313 vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows 303:349 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 5 53 theme ration 753:758 arg1 composition 734:744 nutrient composition 725:744 nutrient composition of the ration 725:758 Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. 30774051 9 54 theme component 1303:1311 arg1 analysis 1313:1320 a principal component analysis 1291:1320 a principal component analysis 1291:1320 To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. 30774051 8 55 theme vitamin 1035:1041 arg1 concentration 1047:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration 1029:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk 1029:1067 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 6 56 theme milk 798:801 arg1 meters 803:808 in-line milk meters 790:808 in-line milk meters 790:808 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 8 57 dep concentrations 1120:1133 arg1 weighted 1135:1142 weighted 1135:1142 weighted with respective milk yield 1135:1169 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 58 theme corn 2255:2258 arg1 percentages 2220:2230 percentages 2220:2230 percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration 2220:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 59 from concentration 2492:2504 arg1 milk 2509:2512 milk 2509:2512 milk 2509:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 60 theme positive 1939:1946 arg1 relationships 1948:1960 positive relationships 1939:1960 positive relationships 1939:1960 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 15 61 theme moderate 2461:2468 arg1 impact 2470:2475 moderate impact 2461:2475 moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2461:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 62 theme lactose 1913:1919 arg1 concentration 1921:1933 milk lactose concentration 1908:1933 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration 1848:1933 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 4 63 theme dietary 539:545 arg1 ingredients 547:557 all dietary ingredients 535:557 all dietary ingredients given to cows 535:571 During the first morning milking, all dietary ingredients given to cows were sampled and quantities offered were recorded throughout the day. 30774051 10 64 theme greater 1468:1474 arg1 cows 1486:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 17 65 theme vitamin 2721:2727 arg1 concentration 2733:2745 vitamin B12 concentration 2721:2745 vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation 2721:2763 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 11 66 theme milk 1564:1567 arg1 concentration 1569:1581 daily milk concentration 1558:1581 daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1558:1596 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 13 67 theme milk 1908:1911 arg1 concentration 1921:1933 milk lactose concentration 1908:1933 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration 1848:1933 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 16 68 theme principal 2550:2558 arg1 component 2560:2568 the principal component 2546:2568 the principal component related to milk production in the model 2546:2608 Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. 30774051 4 69 theme morning 518:524 arg1 milking 526:532 the first morning milking 508:532 the first morning milking 508:532 During the first morning milking, all dietary ingredients given to cows were sampled and quantities offered were recorded throughout the day. 30774051 14 70 theme supplement 2128:2137 arg1 percentages 2070:2080 The percentages 2066:2080 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW 2066:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 70 theme supplement 2128:2137 arg1 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 71 theme protein 2275:2281 arg1 supplement 2283:2292 commercial protein supplement 2264:2292 commercial protein supplement in the ration 2264:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 3 72 theme consecutive 479:489 arg1 milkings 491:498 three consecutive milkings 473:498 three consecutive milkings 473:498 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 8 73 theme morning 1088:1094 arg1 concentrations 1120:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations 1088:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield 1088:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 6 74 theme 1st 844:846 arg1 day 848:850 the 1st day 840:850 the 1st day 840:850 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 14 75 theme commercial 2110:2119 arg1 supplement 2128:2137 commercial energy supplement 2110:2137 commercial energy supplement in the diet 2110:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 11 76 theme B12 1594:1596 arg1 concentration 1569:1581 daily milk concentration 1558:1581 daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1558:1596 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 8 77 theme evening 1100:1106 arg1 concentrations 1120:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations 1088:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield 1088:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 2 78 from concentration 315:327 arg1 milk 332:335 milk 332:335 milk of dairy cows 332:349 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 14 79 theme silage 2099:2104 arg1 percentages 2070:2080 The percentages 2066:2080 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW 2066:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 79 theme silage 2099:2104 arg1 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 80 theme B12 1856:1858 arg1 concentration 1860:1872 vitamin B12 concentration 1848:1872 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration 1848:1933 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 2 81 theme cow 270:272 arg1 characteristics 274:288 cow characteristics 270:288 cow characteristics 270:288 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 8 82 dep weighted 1135:1142 arg1 divided 1177:1183 divided 1177:1183 then divided by daily yield 1172:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 8 83 theme B12 1116:1118 arg1 concentrations 1120:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations 1088:1133 morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield 1088:1198 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 12 84 theme B12 1670:1672 arg1 concentration 1674:1686 vitamin B12 concentration 1662:1686 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 1662:1694 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 3 85 from Information 352:362 arg1 second 384:389 second 384:389 second 384:389 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 3 85 from Information 352:362 arg1 herds 446:450 100 herds 442:450 100 herds 442:450 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 3 85 from Information 352:362 arg1 parity 418:423 greater parity 410:423 greater parity 410:423 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 3 85 from Information 352:362 arg1 third 400:404 third 400:404 third 400:404 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 3 85 from Information 352:362 arg1 first 372:376 first 372:376 first 372:376 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 14 86 theme chopped 2085:2091 arg1 silage 2099:2104 chopped mixed silage 2085:2104 chopped mixed silage 2085:2104 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 87 theme silage 2247:2252 arg1 percentages 2220:2230 percentages 2220:2230 percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration 2220:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 5 88 theme Nutrient 643:650 arg1 composition 652:662 Nutrient composition 643:662 Nutrient composition of ingredients 643:677 Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. 30774051 10 89 theme Daily 1339:1343 arg1 concentration 1350:1362 Daily milk concentration 1339:1362 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1339:1377 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 15 90 theme B12 2488:2490 arg1 concentration 2492:2504 vitamin B12 concentration 2480:2504 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2480:2512 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 91 from silage 2099:2104 arg1 diet 2146:2149 the diet 2142:2149 the diet 2142:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 92 from concentration 1996:2008 arg1 concentrations 2050:2063 protein concentrations 2042:2063 protein concentrations 2042:2063 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 13 92 from concentration 1996:2008 arg1 fat 2027:2029 milk fat 2022:2029 milk fat 2022:2029 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 13 92 from concentration 1996:2008 arg1 milk 2013:2016 milk 2013:2016 milk 2013:2016 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 8 93 theme respective 1149:1158 arg1 yield 1165:1169 respective milk yield 1149:1169 respective milk yield 1149:1169 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 6 94 theme 2nd 883:885 arg1 day 887:889 the 2nd day 879:889 the 2nd day 879:889 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 8 95 from concentration 1047:1059 arg1 milk 1064:1067 milk 1064:1067 milk 1064:1067 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 0 96 from concentration 57:69 arg1 milk 74:77 milk 74:77 milk of Holstein cows 74:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 7 97 theme milk 970:973 arg1 components 975:984 milk components 970:984 milk components 970:984 Milk yields were recorded and milk components were separately analyzed for each milking. 30774051 13 98 theme protein 2042:2048 arg1 concentrations 2050:2063 protein concentrations 2042:2063 protein concentrations 2042:2063 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 13 99 from concentration 1860:1872 arg1 yield 1891:1895 milk and milk yield 1877:1895 yield 1891:1895 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 14 100 from percentages 2070:2080 arg1 diet 2146:2149 the diet 2142:2149 the diet 2142:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 101 theme baled 2235:2239 arg1 silage 2247:2252 baled mixed silage 2235:2252 baled mixed silage 2235:2252 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 102 theme mixed 2241:2245 arg1 silage 2247:2252 baled mixed silage 2235:2252 baled mixed silage 2235:2252 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 7 103 theme Milk 940:943 arg1 yields 945:950 Milk yields 940:950 Milk yields 940:950 Milk yields were recorded and milk components were separately analyzed for each milking. 30774051 17 104 contain have 2695:2698 arg1 characteristics 2679:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 17 104 contain have 2695:2698 arg2 impact 2711:2716 a marginal impact 2700:2716 a marginal impact 2700:2716 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 14 105 theme vitamin 2196:2202 arg1 B12 2204:2206 vitamin B12 2196:2206 vitamin B12 2196:2206 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 106 dep low 2401:2403 arg1 pseudo-R2 2374:2382 The pseudo-R2 2370:2382 The pseudo-R2 of the model 2370:2395 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 106 dep low 2401:2403 arg1 low 2401:2403 low 2401:2403 low 2401:2403 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 106 dep low 2401:2403 arg1 % 2408:2408 52% 2406:2408 52% 2406:2408 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 107 from supplement 2128:2137 arg1 diet 2146:2149 the diet 2142:2149 the diet 2142:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 108 from ration 2301:2306 arg1 percentages 2220:2230 percentages 2220:2230 percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration 2220:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 16 109 theme milk 2581:2584 arg1 production 2586:2595 milk production 2581:2595 milk production in the model 2581:2608 Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. 30774051 14 110 theme vitamin 2335:2341 arg1 B12 2343:2345 vitamin B12 2335:2345 vitamin B12 concentration in milk 2335:2367 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 13 111 theme B12 1992:1994 arg1 concentration 1996:2008 vitamin B12 concentration 1984:2008 vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations 1984:2063 Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. 30774051 14 112 theme commercial 2264:2273 arg1 supplement 2283:2292 commercial protein supplement 2264:2292 commercial protein supplement in the ration 2264:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 0 113 theme Holstein 82:89 arg1 cows 91:94 Holstein cows 82:94 Holstein cows 82:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 9 114 theme interdependent 1227:1240 arg1 variables 1242:1250 interdependent variables 1227:1250 interdependent variables 1227:1250 To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. 30774051 6 115 theme vitamin 913:919 arg1 concentration 925:937 vitamin B12 concentration 913:937 vitamin B12 concentration 913:937 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 17 116 theme diet 2674:2677 arg1 characteristics 2679:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 studied diet characteristics 2666:2693 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 10 117 theme vitamin 1367:1373 arg1 B12 1375:1377 vitamin B12 1367:1377 vitamin B12 1367:1377 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 12 118 theme diet 1800:1803 arg1 starch 1768:1773 starch 1768:1773 starch as well as energy of the diet 1768:1803 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 12 118 theme diet 1800:1803 arg1 energy 1786:1791 energy 1786:1791 starch as well as energy of the diet 1768:1803 Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. 30774051 2 119 theme cows 346:349 arg1 milk 332:335 milk 332:335 milk of dairy cows 332:349 This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. 30774051 3 120 dep first 372:376 arg1 cows 434:437 Holstein cows 425:437 Holstein cows 425:437 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 14 121 theme BW 2166:2167 arg1 percentages 2070:2080 The percentages 2066:2080 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW 2066:2167 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 14 121 theme BW 2166:2167 arg1 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 related 2185:2191 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 0 122 theme management 15:24 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 0:95 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 9 123 theme multivariable 1270:1282 arg1 model 1284:1288 the multivariable model 1266:1288 the multivariable model 1266:1288 To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. 30774051 15 124 theme model 2391:2395 arg1 % 2408:2408 52% 2406:2408 52% 2406:2408 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 124 theme model 2391:2395 arg1 low 2401:2403 low 2401:2403 low 2401:2403 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 15 124 theme model 2391:2395 arg1 pseudo-R2 2374:2382 The pseudo-R2 2370:2382 The pseudo-R2 of the model 2370:2395 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 4 125 theme first 512:516 arg1 milking 526:532 the first morning milking 508:532 the first morning milking 508:532 During the first morning milking, all dietary ingredients given to cows were sampled and quantities offered were recorded throughout the day. 30774051 3 126 theme greater 410:416 arg1 parity 418:423 greater parity 410:423 greater parity 410:423 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 0 127 theme composition 30:40 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 0:95 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 8 128 theme Daily 1029:1033 arg1 concentration 1047:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration 1029:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk 1029:1067 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 129 from BW 2166:2167 arg1 diet 2146:2149 the diet 2142:2149 the diet 2142:2149 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 11 130 theme principal 1502:1510 arg1 components 1512:1521 11 principal components 1499:1521 11 principal components 1499:1521 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 5 131 theme wet 695:697 arg1 chemistry 699:707 wet chemistry 695:707 wet chemistry 695:707 Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. 30774051 0 132 theme vitamin 45:51 arg1 concentration 57:69 vitamin B12 concentration 45:69 vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows 45:94 Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows. 30774051 9 133 theme principal 1293:1301 arg1 analysis 1313:1320 a principal component analysis 1291:1320 a principal component analysis 1291:1320 To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. 30774051 8 134 theme B12 1043:1045 arg1 concentration 1047:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration 1029:1059 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk 1029:1067 Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. 30774051 14 135 from percentages 2220:2230 arg1 ration 2301:2306 the ration 2297:2306 the ration 2297:2306 The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 10 136 theme second 1446:1451 arg1 cows 1486:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 17 137 theme marginal 2702:2709 arg1 impact 2711:2716 a marginal impact 2700:2716 a marginal impact 2700:2716 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 6 138 theme in-line 790:796 arg1 meters 803:808 in-line milk meters 790:808 in-line milk meters 790:808 Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. 30774051 10 139 theme first 1439:1443 arg1 cows 1486:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 first, second and third, and greater lactation cows 1439:1489 Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. 30774051 11 140 theme multivariable 1618:1630 arg1 model 1632:1636 the multivariable model 1614:1636 the multivariable model 1614:1636 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 3 141 theme Holstein 425:432 arg1 cows 434:437 Holstein cows 425:437 Holstein cows 425:437 Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. 30774051 15 142 theme cow 2436:2438 arg1 characteristics 2440:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 30774051 1 143 theme excellent 195:203 arg1 sources 205:211 excellent sources 195:211 excellent sources of this vitamin 195:227 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 1 143 theme excellent 195:203 arg1 products 154:161 ruminant products 145:161 ruminant products 145:161 As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. 30774051 11 144 theme daily 1558:1562 arg1 concentration 1569:1581 daily milk concentration 1558:1581 daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 1558:1596 Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. 30774051 17 145 theme B12 2729:2731 arg1 concentration 2733:2745 vitamin B12 concentration 2721:2745 vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation 2721:2763 In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation. 30774051 15 146 theme diet 2427:2430 arg1 characteristics 2440:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 diet and cow characteristics 2427:2454 The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. 31952607 3 0 theme adsorption-desorption 729:749 arg1 isotherms 751:759 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms 720:759 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms 720:759 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 6 1 theme energy 1116:1121 arg1 storage 1123:1129 energy storage 1116:1129 energy storage 1116:1129 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 5 2 theme gas 991:993 arg1 storage 995:1001 enhanced gas storage 982:1001 enhanced gas storage 982:1001 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites show enhanced gas storage for small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen. 31952607 3 3 theme chitosan-based 355:368 arg1 biocomposites 378:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 4 4 theme pure 894:897 arg1 chitosan 899:906 pure chitosan 894:906 pure chitosan 894:906 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 3 5 theme electron 624:631 arg1 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 5 theme electron 624:631 arg1 microscopy 633:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy 584:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM) 584:654 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 2 6 theme porous 274:279 arg1 biocomposites 281:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 5 7 theme zeolite 955:961 arg1 biocomposites 963:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 936:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 936:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites show enhanced gas storage for small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen. 31952607 3 8 theme field-emission 600:613 arg1 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 8 theme field-emission 600:613 arg1 microscopy 633:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy 584:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM) 584:654 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 4 9 theme ZeY 815:817 arg1 CS 819:820 the ZeY@CS composite 811:830 the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 811:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 9 theme ZeY 815:817 arg1 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 2 10 theme zeolite 266:272 arg1 biocomposites 281:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 4 11 theme BET 790:792 arg1 area 803:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 762:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 762:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 11 theme BET 790:792 arg1 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 12 theme @ 876:876 arg1 CS 877:878 ZSM-5@CS 871:878 ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1) 871:891 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 12 theme @ 876:876 arg1 444 m2 g-1 881:890 444 m2 g-1 881:890 444 m2 g-1 881:890 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 2 13 theme chitosan-based 251:264 arg1 biocomposites 281:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites 251:293 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 3 14 theme resulting 345:353 arg1 biocomposites 378:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 6 15 theme carbon 1132:1137 arg1 capture 1139:1145 carbon capture 1132:1145 carbon capture 1132:1145 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 4 16 theme CS 819:820 arg1 area 803:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 762:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 762:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 16 theme CS 819:820 arg1 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 3 17 theme ATR-IR 487:492 arg1 spectroscopy 495:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 6 18 theme CCS 1167:1169 arg1 applications 1172:1183 sequestration (CCS) applications 1152:1183 sequestration (CCS) applications 1152:1183 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 1 19 theme Sustainable 80:90 arg1 energy 92:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 1 19 theme Sustainable 80:90 arg1 energy 140:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy 102:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future 102:160 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 3 20 theme total 460:464 arg1 spectroscopy 495:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 0 21 theme Chitosan-based 0:13 arg1 zeolite-Y 15:23 Chitosan-based zeolite-Y 0:23 Chitosan-based zeolite-Y 0:23 Chitosan-based zeolite-Y and ZSM-5 porous biocomposites for H2 and CO2 storage. 31952607 2 22 theme solvent 299:305 arg1 exchange 307:314 solvent exchange 299:314 solvent exchange followed by calcination 299:338 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 4 23 theme @ 818:818 arg1 CS 819:820 the ZeY@CS composite 811:830 the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 811:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 23 theme @ 818:818 arg1 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 3 24 theme reflection-infrared 466:484 arg1 spectroscopy 495:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 0 25 theme ZSM-5 29:33 arg1 porous 35:40 ZSM-5 porous 29:40 ZSM-5 porous 29:40 Chitosan-based zeolite-Y and ZSM-5 porous biocomposites for H2 and CO2 storage. 31952607 4 26 theme surface 795:801 arg1 area 803:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 762:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 762:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 26 theme surface 795:801 arg1 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 5 27 theme chitosan-based 940:953 arg1 biocomposites 963:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 936:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 936:975 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites show enhanced gas storage for small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen. 31952607 6 28 theme chitosan-based 1056:1069 arg1 biocomposites 1079:1091 chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 1056:1091 chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 1056:1091 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 3 29 theme scanning 615:622 arg1 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 29 theme scanning 615:622 arg1 microscopy 633:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy 584:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM) 584:654 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 4 30 theme composite 822:830 arg1 CS 819:820 the ZeY@CS composite 811:830 the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 811:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 30 theme composite 822:830 arg1 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 795 m2 g-1 833:842 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 2 31 theme simple 165:170 arg1 method 209:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 3 32 theme high-resolution 584:598 arg1 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 HR-FE-SEM 645:653 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 32 theme high-resolution 584:598 arg1 microscopy 633:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy 584:642 high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM) 584:654 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 33 theme X-ray 509:513 arg1 XRD 535:537 XRD 535:537 XRD 535:537 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 33 theme X-ray 509:513 arg1 diffraction 522:532 X-ray powder diffraction 509:532 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis 509:547 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 4 34 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 766:787 arg1 area 803:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area 762:806 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) 762:843 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 4 34 theme Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 766:787 arg1 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 greater 849:855 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 6 35 theme zeolite 1071:1077 arg1 biocomposites 1079:1091 chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 1056:1091 chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 1056:1091 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 3 36 theme attenuated 449:458 arg1 spectroscopy 495:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy 449:506 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 37 theme electron 686:693 arg1 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 37 theme electron 686:693 arg1 microscopy 695:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy 657:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) 657:713 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 38 theme advanced 417:424 arg1 technologies 426:437 advanced technologies 417:437 advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms 417:759 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 2 39 theme ecofriendly 197:207 arg1 method 209:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 2 40 theme inexpensive 185:195 arg1 method 209:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 1 41 theme valuable 111:118 arg1 energy 140:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy 102:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future 102:160 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 1 41 theme valuable 111:118 arg1 energy 92:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 4 42 theme zeolite 914:920 arg1 Y 922:922 pure zeolite Y 909:922 pure zeolite Y 909:922 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 3 43 theme nitrogen 720:727 arg1 isotherms 751:759 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms 720:759 nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms 720:759 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 44 theme high-resolution 657:671 arg1 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 44 theme high-resolution 657:671 arg1 microscopy 695:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy 657:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) 657:713 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 1 45 theme clean 120:124 arg1 energy 140:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy 102:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future 102:160 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 1 45 theme clean 120:124 arg1 energy 92:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 6 46 theme sequestration 1152:1164 arg1 applications 1172:1183 sequestration (CCS) applications 1152:1183 sequestration (CCS) applications 1152:1183 Therefore, chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites should be suitable for energy storage, carbon capture, and sequestration (CCS) applications. 31952607 4 47 theme pure 909:912 arg1 Y 922:922 pure zeolite Y 909:922 pure zeolite Y 909:922 The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the ZeY@CS composite (795 m2 g-1) was greater than those of ZSM-5@CS (444 m2 g-1), pure chitosan, pure zeolite Y, and ZSM-5. 31952607 2 48 theme robust 173:178 arg1 method 209:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method 163:214 A simple, robust, and inexpensive ecofriendly method has been developed here to prepare chitosan-based zeolite porous biocomposites via solvent exchange followed by calcination. 31952607 3 49 theme transmission 673:684 arg1 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 HR-TEM 707:712 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 49 theme transmission 673:684 arg1 microscopy 695:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy 657:704 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) 657:713 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 50 theme diffraction 522:532 arg1 analysis 540:547 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis 509:547 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis 509:547 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 51 theme powder 515:520 arg1 XRD 535:537 XRD 535:537 XRD 535:537 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 51 theme powder 515:520 arg1 diffraction 522:532 X-ray powder diffraction 509:532 X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis 509:547 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 0 52 theme CO2 67:69 arg1 storage 71:77 CO2 storage 67:77 CO2 storage 67:77 Chitosan-based zeolite-Y and ZSM-5 porous biocomposites for H2 and CO2 storage. 31952607 5 53 theme enhanced 982:989 arg1 storage 995:1001 enhanced gas storage 982:1001 enhanced gas storage 982:1001 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites show enhanced gas storage for small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen. 31952607 5 54 theme small 1007:1011 arg1 molecule 1013:1020 small molecule 1007:1020 small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen 1007:1042 The chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites show enhanced gas storage for small molecule like CO2 and hydrogen. 31952607 1 55 theme renewable 130:138 arg1 energy 140:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy 102:145 the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future 102:160 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 1 55 theme renewable 130:138 arg1 energy 92:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy 80:97 Sustainable energy is the most valuable clean and renewable energy for the future. 31952607 3 56 theme thermogravimetric 550:566 arg1 TGA 578:580 TGA 578:580 TGA 578:580 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 56 theme thermogravimetric 550:566 arg1 analysis 568:575 thermogravimetric analysis 550:575 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 550:581 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31952607 3 57 theme zeolite 370:376 arg1 biocomposites 378:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites 341:390 The resulting chitosan-based zeolite biocomposites were characterized using advanced technologies including attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. 31038744 9 0 theme BC 1232:1233 arg1 concentration 1247:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 10 1 theme dominant 1469:1476 arg1 contribution 1478:1489 the dominant contribution 1465:1489 the dominant contribution to the gel strength 1465:1509 The WPI fibrillar gel yields the dominant contribution to the gel strength. 31038744 1 2 theme prolonged 214:222 arg1 heating 224:230 prolonged heating 214:230 prolonged heating 214:230 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 8 3 dep observation 1042:1052 arg1 aligned 1115:1121 aligned 1115:1121 aligned 1115:1121 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 9 4 theme gels 1214:1217 arg1 response 1198:1205 The large deformation response 1176:1205 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration 1176:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 9 5 theme fibrillar 1404:1412 arg1 form 1392:1395 form linear fibrillar 1392:1412 form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel 1392:1433 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 4 6 theme BC 556:557 arg1 concentration 571:583 BC microfibril concentration 556:583 BC microfibril concentration 556:583 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 5 7 dep fibrils 672:678 arg1 The 664:666 The 664:666 The 664:666 The WPI fibrils and BC microfibrils independently form two coexisting gel networks. 31038744 7 8 theme fibrils 924:930 arg1 alignment 903:911 alignment 903:911 alignment of the WPI fibrils 903:930 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 9 9 theme linear 1397:1402 arg1 form 1392:1395 form linear fibrillar 1392:1412 form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel 1392:1433 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 6 10 theme WPI 804:806 arg1 fibrils 808:814 more aligned WPI fibrils 791:814 more aligned WPI fibrils 791:814 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 3 11 theme BC 342:343 arg1 microfibrils 345:356 BC microfibrils 342:356 BC microfibrils 342:356 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 4 12 theme loss 612:615 arg1 modulus 617:623 loss modulus 612:623 loss modulus 612:623 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 6 13 theme aligned 796:802 arg1 fibrils 808:814 more aligned WPI fibrils 791:814 more aligned WPI fibrils 791:814 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 5 14 theme gel 734:736 arg1 networks 738:745 two coexisting gel networks 719:745 two coexisting gel networks 719:745 The WPI fibrils and BC microfibrils independently form two coexisting gel networks. 31038744 6 15 theme distinguishable 873:887 arg1 fibrils 857:863 individual WPI fibrils 842:863 individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable 842:887 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 3 16 theme gel 451:453 arg1 structure 420:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 3 16 theme gel 451:453 arg1 dynamics 389:396 the gelation dynamics 376:396 the gelation dynamics 376:396 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 3 17 theme resulting 402:410 arg1 structure 420:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 4 18 dep increased 530:538 arg1 whereas 586:592 whereas 586:592 whereas 586:592 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 4 19 theme microfibril 559:569 arg1 concentration 571:583 BC microfibril concentration 556:583 BC microfibril concentration 556:583 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 1 20 from gelation 120:127 arg1 presence 151:158 the presence 147:158 the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 147:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 10 21 theme gel 1498:1500 arg1 strength 1502:1509 the gel strength 1494:1509 the gel strength 1494:1509 The WPI fibrillar gel yields the dominant contribution to the gel strength. 31038744 9 22 theme NaCl 1329:1332 arg1 concentration 1312:1324 the concentration 1308:1324 the concentration 1308:1324 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 8 23 theme WPI 1133:1135 arg1 gel 1147:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 4 24 theme storage 460:466 arg1 modulus 468:474 storage modulus 460:474 storage modulus 460:474 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 6 25 theme BC 775:776 arg1 microfibrils 778:789 the BC microfibrils 771:789 the BC microfibrils 771:789 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 9 26 theme NaCl 1265:1268 arg1 concentration 1270:1282 NaCl concentration 1265:1282 NaCl concentration 1265:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 1 27 theme bacterial 163:171 arg1 microfibrils 188:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 0 28 theme Composite 0:8 arg1 Gels 10:13 Composite Gels 0:13 Composite Gels 0:13 Composite Gels Containing Whey Protein Fibrils and Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils. 31038744 4 29 dep modulus 468:474 arg1 modulus 485:491 modulus 485:491 modulus 485:491 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 4 29 dep modulus 468:474 arg1 The 456:458 The 456:458 The 456:458 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 9 30 from concentration 1270:1282 arg1 response 1198:1205 The large deformation response 1176:1205 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration 1176:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 8 31 with aligned 1115:1121 arg1 present 1085:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 9 32 theme different 1222:1230 arg1 concentration 1247:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 9 33 from concentration 1247:1259 arg1 response 1198:1205 The large deformation response 1176:1205 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration 1176:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 1 34 theme cellulose 173:181 arg1 microfibrils 188:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 3 35 theme microfibrils 345:356 arg1 presence 330:337 The presence 326:337 The presence of BC microfibrils 326:356 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 4 36 theme gels 525:528 arg1 loss 480:483 loss 480:483 loss 480:483 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 4 36 theme gels 525:528 arg1 modulus 468:474 storage modulus 460:474 storage modulus 460:474 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 5 37 theme BC 684:685 arg1 microfibrils 687:698 BC microfibrils 684:698 BC microfibrils 684:698 The WPI fibrils and BC microfibrils independently form two coexisting gel networks. 31038744 9 38 theme large 1180:1184 arg1 response 1198:1205 The large deformation response 1176:1205 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration 1176:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 8 39 with line 1028:1031 arg1 observation 1042:1052 our observation 1038:1052 our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils 1038:1173 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 3 40 theme fibrillar 441:449 arg1 gel 451:453 the WPI fibrillar gel 433:453 the WPI fibrillar gel 433:453 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 8 41 theme fibrillar 1137:1145 arg1 gel 1147:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 10 42 theme WPI 1440:1442 arg1 gel 1454:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel 1436:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel 1436:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel yields the dominant contribution to the gel strength. 31038744 6 43 theme WPI 853:855 arg1 fibrils 857:863 individual WPI fibrils 842:863 individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable 842:887 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 1 44 theme BC 184:185 arg1 microfibrils 188:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 163:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 8 45 theme BC 1159:1160 arg1 microfibrils 1162:1173 BC microfibrils 1159:1173 BC microfibrils 1159:1173 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 6 46 theme individual 842:851 arg1 fibrils 857:863 individual WPI fibrils 842:863 individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable 842:887 Interestingly, near to the BC microfibrils more aligned WPI fibrils seemed to be formed, with individual WPI fibrils clearly distinguishable. 31038744 3 47 theme overall 412:418 arg1 structure 420:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 resulting overall structure 402:428 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 4 48 theme storage 629:635 arg1 modulus 637:643 storage modulus 629:643 storage modulus 629:643 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 0 49 theme Protein 31:37 arg1 Fibrils 39:45 Whey Protein Fibrils 26:45 Whey Protein Fibrils 26:45 Composite Gels Containing Whey Protein Fibrils and Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils. 31038744 4 50 theme mixed 500:504 arg1 gels 525:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 9 51 theme gel 1367:1369 arg1 structures 1371:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 9 52 theme deformation 1186:1196 arg1 response 1198:1205 The large deformation response 1176:1205 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration 1176:1282 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 0 53 theme Whey 26:29 arg1 Fibrils 39:45 Whey Protein Fibrils 26:45 Whey Protein Fibrils 26:45 Composite Gels Containing Whey Protein Fibrils and Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils. 31038744 9 54 theme fibrillar 1357:1365 arg1 structures 1371:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 3 55 theme WPI 437:439 arg1 gel 451:453 the WPI fibrillar gel 433:453 the WPI fibrillar gel 433:453 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 0 56 theme Bacterial 51:59 arg1 Microfibrils 71:82 Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils 51:82 Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils 51:82 Composite Gels Containing Whey Protein Fibrils and Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils. 31038744 8 57 theme BC 1069:1070 arg1 present 1085:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 10 58 theme fibrillar 1444:1452 arg1 gel 1454:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel 1436:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel 1436:1456 The WPI fibrillar gel yields the dominant contribution to the gel strength. 31038744 9 59 theme particulate 1419:1429 arg1 gel 1431:1433 a particulate gel 1417:1433 a particulate gel 1417:1433 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 7 60 theme WPI 999:1001 arg1 fibrils 1003:1009 WPI fibrils 999:1009 WPI fibrils 999:1009 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 3 61 theme gelation 380:387 arg1 dynamics 389:396 the gelation dynamics 376:396 the gelation dynamics 376:396 The presence of BC microfibrils did not influence the gelation dynamics and resulting overall structure of the WPI fibrillar gel. 31038744 4 62 theme microfibril 513:523 arg1 gels 525:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 5 63 theme WPI 668:670 arg1 fibrils 672:678 WPI fibrils 668:678 WPI fibrils 668:678 The WPI fibrils and BC microfibrils independently form two coexisting gel networks. 31038744 7 64 theme BC 979:980 arg1 microfibrils 982:993 BC microfibrils 979:993 BC microfibrils 979:993 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 2 65 theme concentration 311:323 arg1 function 284:291 a function 282:291 a function of BC microfibril concentration 282:323 Rheology and microstructure were investigated as a function of BC microfibril concentration. 31038744 2 65 theme concentration 311:323 arg1 microstructure 246:259 microstructure 246:259 microstructure 246:259 Rheology and microstructure were investigated as a function of BC microfibril concentration. 31038744 2 65 theme concentration 311:323 arg1 Rheology 233:240 Rheology 233:240 Rheology 233:240 Rheology and microstructure were investigated as a function of BC microfibril concentration. 31038744 4 66 theme WPI-BC 506:511 arg1 gels 525:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels 496:528 The storage modulus and loss modulus of the mixed WPI-BC microfibril gels increased with increasing BC microfibril concentration, whereas the ratio between loss modulus and storage modulus remained constant. 31038744 7 67 theme WPI 920:922 arg1 fibrils 924:930 the WPI fibrils 916:930 the WPI fibrils 916:930 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 2 68 theme microfibril 299:309 arg1 concentration 311:323 BC microfibril concentration 296:323 BC microfibril concentration 296:323 Rheology and microstructure were investigated as a function of BC microfibril concentration. 31038744 7 69 theme alignment 903:911 arg1 level 894:898 The level 890:898 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils 890:930 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 7 69 theme alignment 903:911 arg1 dependent 945:953 dependent 945:953 dependent 945:953 The level of alignment of the WPI fibrils seemed to be dependent on the distance between BC microfibrils and WPI fibrils. 31038744 8 70 theme microfibrils 1072:1083 arg1 present 1085:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 more BC microfibrils present 1064:1091 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 8 71 from aligned 1115:1121 arg1 gel 1147:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 a WPI fibrillar gel 1131:1149 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 2 72 theme BC 296:297 arg1 concentration 311:323 BC microfibril concentration 296:323 BC microfibril concentration 296:323 Rheology and microstructure were investigated as a function of BC microfibril concentration. 31038744 8 73 theme WPI 1094:1096 arg1 fibrils 1098:1104 WPI fibrils 1094:1104 WPI fibrils 1094:1104 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 1 74 theme microfibrils 188:199 arg1 presence 151:158 the presence 147:158 the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 147:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 1 75 theme WPI 132:134 arg1 fibrils 136:142 WPI fibrils 132:142 WPI fibrils 132:142 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 9 76 theme microfibril 1235:1245 arg1 concentration 1247:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 different BC microfibril concentration 1222:1259 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 0 77 theme Cellulose 61:69 arg1 Microfibrils 71:82 Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils 51:82 Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils 51:82 Composite Gels Containing Whey Protein Fibrils and Bacterial Cellulose Microfibrils. 31038744 8 78 from gel 1147:1149 arg1 aligned 1115:1121 aligned 1115:1121 aligned 1115:1121 This also is in line with our observation that with more BC microfibrils present, WPI fibrils are more aligned than in a WPI fibrillar gel without BC microfibrils. 31038744 9 79 theme WPI 1353:1355 arg1 structures 1371:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 the WPI fibrillar gel structures 1349:1380 The large deformation response of the gels at different BC microfibril concentration and NaCl concentration is mainly influenced by the concentration of NaCl, which affects the WPI fibrillar gel structures, changing form linear fibrillar to a particulate gel. 31038744 1 80 theme fibrils 136:142 arg1 gelation 120:127 the gelation 116:127 the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils 116:199 In this study, we investigated the gelation of WPI fibrils in the presence of bacterial cellulose (BC) microfibrils at pH 2 upon prolonged heating. 31038744 5 81 theme coexisting 723:732 arg1 networks 738:745 two coexisting gel networks 719:745 two coexisting gel networks 719:745 The WPI fibrils and BC microfibrils independently form two coexisting gel networks. 31011368 7 0 theme cell 1082:1085 arg1 features 1106:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 7 1 theme wall 1087:1090 arg1 features 1106:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 4 2 theme distinct 545:552 arg1 variables 554:562 key significantly distinct variables 527:562 key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances 527:659 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 7 3 contain have 961:964 arg1 glycans 931:937 matrix glycans 924:937 matrix glycans 924:937 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 7 3 contain have 961:964 arg1 decorations 949:959 their decorations 943:959 their decorations 943:959 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 7 3 contain have 961:964 arg2 effects 978:984 determinant effects 966:984 determinant effects 966:984 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 5 4 theme glycan 767:772 arg1 epitopes 774:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 9 5 theme biorefining 1345:1355 arg1 ideotypes 1357:1365 biorefining ideotypes 1345:1365 biorefining ideotypes 1345:1365 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 5 6 theme energy 700:705 arg1 crop 707:710 an energy crop 697:710 an energy crop 697:710 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 7 7 theme biomass 1018:1024 arg1 structures 1031:1040 biomass fine structures 1018:1040 biomass fine structures 1018:1040 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 7 8 theme structures 1031:1040 arg1 importance 1004:1013 the importance 1000:1013 the importance of biomass fine structures 1000:1040 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 4 9 theme saccharification 631:646 arg1 performances 648:659 saccharification performances 631:659 saccharification performances 631:659 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 5 10 theme epitopes 774:781 arg1 quantification 730:743 normalised total quantification 713:743 normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes 713:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 9 11 theme ideotypes 1357:1365 arg1 development 1330:1340 the development 1326:1340 the development of biorefining ideotypes 1326:1365 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 8 12 theme miscanthus 1156:1165 arg1 wall 1172:1175 the miscanthus cell wall 1152:1175 the miscanthus cell wall 1152:1175 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 4 13 theme discriminant 492:503 arg1 analyses 505:512 discriminant analyses 492:512 discriminant analyses 492:512 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 8 14 theme biomass 1243:1249 arg1 quality 1251:1257 increased biomass quality 1233:1257 increased biomass quality 1233:1257 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 8 15 theme target 1287:1292 arg1 products 1306:1313 the target biorefining products 1283:1313 the target biorefining products 1283:1313 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 3 16 theme efficient 356:364 arg1 biorefining 366:376 the efficient biorefining 352:376 the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts 352:423 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 1 17 theme BACKGROUND 88:97 arg1 biomass 115:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass 88:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 88:173 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 7 18 theme described 1072:1080 arg1 features 1106:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 0 19 theme plant 10:14 arg1 wall 21:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 5 20 theme first 683:687 arg1 time 689:692 the first time 679:692 the first time in an energy crop 679:710 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 1 21 theme Lignocellulosic 99:113 arg1 biomass 115:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass 88:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 88:173 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 7 22 theme compositional 1092:1104 arg1 features 1106:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 more commonly described cell wall compositional features 1058:1113 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 9 23 theme cultivars 1502:1510 arg1 collection 1476:1485 a collection 1474:1485 a collection 1474:1485 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 0 24 theme Desirable 0:8 arg1 wall 21:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 8 25 theme interrogation 1135:1147 arg1 results 1120:1126 The results 1116:1126 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall 1116:1175 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 6 26 theme greatest 870:877 arg1 impact 879:884 the greatest impact 866:884 the greatest impact on recalcitrance 866:901 CONCLUSIONS In stems, lignin has the greatest impact on recalcitrance. 31011368 7 27 theme determinant 966:976 arg1 effects 978:984 determinant effects 966:984 determinant effects 966:984 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 6 28 dep lignin 855:860 arg1 has 862:864 has 862:864 has the greatest impact on recalcitrance 862:901 CONCLUSIONS In stems, lignin has the greatest impact on recalcitrance. 31011368 8 29 theme biorefining 1294:1304 arg1 products 1306:1313 the target biorefining products 1283:1313 the target biorefining products 1283:1313 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 3 30 theme plant 381:385 arg1 biomass 387:393 plant biomass 381:393 plant biomass 381:393 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 5 31 from time 689:692 arg1 crop 707:710 an energy crop 697:710 an energy crop 697:710 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 1 32 from crops 145:149 arg1 biomass 115:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass 88:121 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 88:173 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 6 33 from CONCLUSIONS 833:843 arg1 stems 848:852 stems 848:852 stems 848:852 CONCLUSIONS In stems, lignin has the greatest impact on recalcitrance. 31011368 3 34 theme biomass 387:393 arg1 biorefining 366:376 the efficient biorefining 352:376 the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts 352:423 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 9 35 theme miscanthus 1392:1401 arg1 variety 1403:1409 a generalist miscanthus variety 1379:1409 a generalist miscanthus variety 1379:1409 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 5 36 theme specific 748:755 arg1 epitopes 774:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 4 37 theme correlation 468:478 arg1 studies 480:486 correlation studies 468:486 correlation studies 468:486 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 1 38 theme dedicated 128:136 arg1 spp 170:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 1 38 theme dedicated 128:136 arg1 crops 145:149 dedicated energy crops 128:149 dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp 128:172 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 6 39 from impact 879:884 arg1 recalcitrance 889:901 recalcitrance 889:901 recalcitrance 889:901 CONCLUSIONS In stems, lignin has the greatest impact on recalcitrance. 31011368 5 40 theme cell 757:760 arg1 epitopes 774:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 9 41 theme specific 1524:1531 arg1 conditions 1533:1542 specific conditions 1524:1542 specific conditions 1524:1542 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 8 42 theme wall 1172:1175 arg1 interrogation 1135:1147 our interrogation 1131:1147 our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall 1131:1175 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 5 43 theme wall 762:765 arg1 epitopes 774:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 specific cell wall glycan epitopes 748:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 2 44 theme important 181:189 arg1 tool 191:194 an important tool 178:194 an important tool to combat anthropogenic climate change 178:233 is an important tool to combat anthropogenic climate change. 31011368 8 45 theme wall 1217:1220 arg1 traits 1222:1227 desirable cell wall traits 1202:1227 desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality 1202:1257 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 0 46 theme miscanthus 52:61 arg1 biomass 79:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 8 47 theme cell 1212:1215 arg1 traits 1222:1227 desirable cell wall traits 1202:1227 desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality 1202:1257 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 3 48 theme recalcitrance 305:317 arg1 sources 284:290 the sources 280:290 the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts 280:423 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 9 49 theme generalist 1381:1390 arg1 variety 1403:1409 a generalist miscanthus variety 1379:1409 a generalist miscanthus variety 1379:1409 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 5 50 theme total 724:728 arg1 quantification 730:743 normalised total quantification 713:743 normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes 713:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 1 51 theme energy 138:143 arg1 spp 170:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 1 51 theme energy 138:143 arg1 crops 145:149 dedicated energy crops 128:149 dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp 128:172 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 0 52 theme higher-quality 37:50 arg1 biomass 79:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 9 53 theme realistic 1417:1425 arg1 approaches 1440:1449 more realistic and valuable approaches 1412:1449 more realistic and valuable approaches 1412:1449 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 5 54 theme normalised 713:722 arg1 quantification 730:743 normalised total quantification 713:743 normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes 713:781 Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. 31011368 4 55 theme miscanthus 572:581 arg1 organs 583:588 miscanthus organs 572:588 miscanthus organs 572:588 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 3 56 theme cell 295:298 arg1 recalcitrance 305:317 cell wall recalcitrance 295:317 cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts 295:423 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 2 57 theme climate 220:226 arg1 change 228:233 anthropogenic climate change 206:233 anthropogenic climate change 206:233 is an important tool to combat anthropogenic climate change. 31011368 8 58 theme cell 1167:1170 arg1 wall 1172:1175 the miscanthus cell wall 1152:1175 the miscanthus cell wall 1152:1175 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 9 59 theme valuable 1431:1438 arg1 approaches 1440:1449 more realistic and valuable approaches 1412:1449 more realistic and valuable approaches 1412:1449 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 3 60 theme wall 300:303 arg1 recalcitrance 305:317 cell wall recalcitrance 295:317 cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts 295:423 However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. 31011368 2 61 theme anthropogenic 206:218 arg1 change 228:233 anthropogenic climate change 206:233 anthropogenic climate change 206:233 is an important tool to combat anthropogenic climate change. 31011368 4 62 theme detailed 446:453 arg1 phenotyping 455:465 detailed phenotyping 446:465 detailed phenotyping 446:465 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 7 63 theme matrix 924:929 arg1 glycans 931:937 matrix glycans 924:937 matrix glycans 924:937 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 1 64 theme Miscanthus 159:168 arg1 spp 170:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 Miscanthus spp 159:172 BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. 31011368 9 65 theme specialised 1490:1500 arg1 cultivars 1502:1510 specialised cultivars 1490:1510 specialised cultivars 1490:1510 Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. 31011368 0 66 theme lignocellulosic 63:77 arg1 biomass 79:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass 37:85 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 4 67 theme key 527:529 arg1 variables 554:562 key significantly distinct variables 527:562 key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances 527:659 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 0 68 theme cell 16:19 arg1 wall 21:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall 0:24 Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass. 31011368 7 69 theme fine 1026:1029 arg1 structures 1031:1040 biomass fine structures 1018:1040 biomass fine structures 1018:1040 However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. 31011368 8 70 theme increased 1233:1241 arg1 quality 1251:1257 increased biomass quality 1233:1257 increased biomass quality 1233:1257 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31011368 4 71 dep RESULTS 426:432 arg1 combined 437:444 combined 437:444 combined 437:444 RESULTS We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. 31011368 8 72 theme desirable 1202:1210 arg1 traits 1222:1227 desirable cell wall traits 1202:1227 desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality 1202:1257 The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. 31505925 6 0 theme microscopy 922:931 arg1 methodologies 933:945 light microscopy methodologies 916:945 light microscopy methodologies 916:945 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 13 1 located present 1923:1929 arg2 classes 1908:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 13 1 located present 1923:1929 arg1 cells 1953:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells 1934:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth 1934:1981 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 5 2 theme rat 700:702 arg1 sections 709:716 rat lung sections 700:716 rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 700:758 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 2 3 theme Airway 191:196 arg1 cells 198:202 Airway cells 191:202 Airway cells 191:202 Airway cells display a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface. 31505925 6 4 theme Horseradish 818:828 arg1 lectin 852:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin 818:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 818:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 5 5 theme bronchioloalveolar 665:682 arg1 surface 689:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 4 6 theme few 428:430 arg1 data 443:446 few systematic data 428:446 few systematic data 428:446 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 5 7 from animals 752:758 arg1 sections 709:716 rat lung sections 700:716 rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 700:758 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 8 8 theme experiment 1239:1248 arg1 type 1231:1234 the type 1227:1234 the type of experiment 1227:1248 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 3 9 theme glycan 299:304 arg1 extensions 306:315 terminal glycan extensions 290:315 particularly terminal glycan extensions 277:315 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 3 9 theme glycan 299:304 arg1 glycans 268:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 4 10 theme residue 490:496 arg1 content 498:504 the cell surface sugar residue content 467:504 the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development 467:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 5 11 theme old 738:740 arg1 animals 752:758 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 723:758 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 723:758 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 9 12 theme lectin 1269:1274 arg1 Reactivity 1251:1260 Reactivity 1251:1260 Reactivity of the lectin 1251:1274 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 6 13 from max 872:874 arg1 lectin 852:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin 818:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 818:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 7 14 theme eight-day-old 1060:1072 arg1 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 5 15 theme N-acetylgalactosamine 602:622 arg1 residues 649:656 and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues 584:656 residues 649:656 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 12 16 theme epithelial 1796:1805 arg1 cells 1807:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 3 17 theme important 322:330 arg1 carriers 342:349 important effective carriers 322:349 important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process 322:411 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 3 17 theme important 322:330 arg1 glycans 268:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 7 18 theme four- 1050:1054 arg1 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 9 19 theme bronchiolar 1292:1302 arg1 surfaces 1353:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 12 20 theme binding 1612:1618 arg1 pattern 1620:1626 This binding pattern 1607:1626 This binding pattern 1607:1626 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 4 21 theme surface 476:482 arg1 content 498:504 the cell surface sugar residue content 467:504 the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development 467:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 13 22 theme postnatal 2004:2012 arg1 period 2014:2019 the postnatal period 2000:2019 the postnatal period 2000:2019 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 0 23 theme rat 88:90 arg1 development 102:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 9 24 theme respiratory 1308:1318 arg1 surfaces 1353:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 10 25 with incubation 1467:1476 arg1 lectin 1487:1492 the lectin 1483:1492 the lectin 1483:1492 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 3 26 theme information 354:364 arg1 carriers 342:349 important effective carriers 322:349 important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process 322:411 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 3 26 theme information 354:364 arg1 glycans 268:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 10 27 theme four-day-old 1506:1517 arg1 animals 1519:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 9 28 theme epithelial 1337:1346 arg1 surfaces 1353:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 5 29 theme Gal 644:646 arg1 residues 649:656 and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues 584:656 residues 649:656 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 12 30 theme bronchiolar/respiratory 1766:1788 arg1 cells 1807:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 0 31 from Presence 0:7 arg1 cells 75:79 bronchioloalveolar cells 56:79 bronchioloalveolar cells 56:79 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 10 32 theme one- 1497:1500 arg1 animals 1519:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 11 33 theme eight-day-old 1584:1596 arg1 animals 1598:1604 eight-day-old animals 1584:1604 eight-day-old animals 1584:1604 These results were not so manifest in eight-day-old animals. 31505925 5 34 theme adult 746:750 arg1 animals 752:758 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 723:758 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 723:758 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 7 35 theme labelling 967:975 arg1 intensity 977:985 SBA labelling intensity 963:985 SBA labelling intensity 963:985 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 4 36 theme lung 524:527 arg1 development 529:539 post-natal lung development 513:539 post-natal lung development 513:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 8 37 dep performed 1178:1186 arg1 blinded 1216:1222 blinded 1216:1222 blinded to the type of experiment 1216:1248 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 5 38 theme GalNAc 625:630 arg1 residues 649:656 and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues 584:656 residues 649:656 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 5 39 theme /galactose 632:641 arg1 residues 649:656 and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues 584:656 residues 649:656 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 12 40 theme GalNAc/Gal 1703:1712 arg1 residues 1714:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues 1670:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1670:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 14 41 theme biological 2158:2167 arg1 mechanisms 2169:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms 2134:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment 2134:2212 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 0 42 theme N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose 12:42 arg1 residues 44:51 N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues 12:51 N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues 12:51 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 14 43 theme lung 2064:2067 arg1 sections 2069:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 14 44 theme possible 2138:2145 arg1 mechanisms 2169:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms 2134:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment 2134:2212 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 5 45 theme lung 789:792 arg1 composition 805:815 the lung glycocalyx composition 785:815 the lung glycocalyx composition 785:815 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 8 46 theme semi-quantitative 1105:1121 arg1 evaluation 1123:1132 semi-quantitative evaluation 1105:1132 semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity 1105:1157 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 14 47 theme eight-day-old 2046:2058 arg1 sections 2069:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 10 48 theme positive 1387:1394 arg1 reaction 1396:1403 a stronger positive reaction 1376:1403 a stronger positive reaction 1376:1403 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 5 49 dep residues 649:656 arg1 semi-quantify 588:600 semi-quantify 588:600 semi-quantify 588:600 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 14 50 theme morphologic 2110:2120 arg1 changes 2122:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 2 51 theme glycans 236:242 arg1 assemblage 222:231 a complex assemblage 212:231 a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface 212:259 Airway cells display a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface. 31505925 8 52 theme binding 1141:1147 arg1 intensity 1149:1157 SBA binding intensity 1137:1157 SBA binding intensity 1137:1157 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 6 53 theme Glycine 864:870 arg1 max 872:874 Glycine max 864:874 Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 864:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 6 53 theme Glycine 864:870 arg1 agglutinin 885:894 soybean agglutinin 877:894 soybean agglutinin 877:894 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 13 54 from cells 1953:1957 arg1 present 1923:1929 present 1923:1929 present 1923:1929 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 0 55 dep Presence 0:7 arg1 development 102:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 10 56 from incubation 1467:1476 arg1 animals 1519:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 one- and four-day-old animals 1497:1525 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 10 56 from incubation 1467:1476 arg1 animals 1537:1543 adult animals 1531:1543 adult animals 1531:1543 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 13 57 attach present 1923:1929 arg2 classes 1908:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 13 57 attach present 1923:1929 arg1 cells 1953:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells 1934:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth 1934:1981 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 6 58 theme light 916:920 arg1 microscopy 922:931 light microscopy 916:931 light microscopy methodologies 916:945 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 5 59 theme lung 704:707 arg1 sections 709:716 rat lung sections 700:716 rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals 700:758 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 6 60 theme peroxidase-conjugated 830:850 arg1 lectin 852:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin 818:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 818:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 2 61 from assemblage 222:231 arg1 surface 253:259 their surface 247:259 their surface 247:259 Airway cells display a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface. 31505925 5 62 theme present 549:555 arg1 work 557:560 the present work 545:560 the present work 545:560 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 3 63 theme terminal 290:297 arg1 extensions 306:315 terminal glycan extensions 290:315 particularly terminal glycan extensions 277:315 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 3 63 theme terminal 290:297 arg1 glycans 268:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 5 64 theme cell 684:687 arg1 surface 689:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 12 65 theme terminal 1670:1677 arg1 residues 1714:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues 1670:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1670:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 4 66 theme systematic 432:441 arg1 data 443:446 few systematic data 428:446 few systematic data 428:446 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 7 67 theme adult 1086:1090 arg1 animals 1092:1098 adult animals 1086:1098 adult animals 1086:1098 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 4 68 theme post-natal 513:522 arg1 development 529:539 post-natal lung development 513:539 post-natal lung development 513:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 13 69 theme glycan 1822:1827 arg1 extension 1829:1837 this glycan extension 1817:1837 this glycan extension 1817:1837 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 13 70 from N-glycans 1859:1867 arg1 common 1842:1847 common 1842:1847 common 1842:1847 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 7 71 theme one- 1044:1047 arg1 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 animals 1074:1080 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 1 72 theme alveolarization 131:145 arg1 process 147:153 the alveolarization process 127:153 the alveolarization process 127:153 In mammals, the alveolarization process develops predominantly after birth. 31505925 4 73 theme cell 471:474 arg1 content 498:504 the cell surface sugar residue content 467:504 the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development 467:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 12 74 theme tract 1790:1794 arg1 cells 1807:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 3 75 theme effective 332:340 arg1 carriers 342:349 important effective carriers 322:349 important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process 322:411 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 3 75 theme effective 332:340 arg1 glycans 268:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans 262:274 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 4 76 theme sugar 484:488 arg1 content 498:504 the cell surface sugar residue content 467:504 the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development 467:539 Nevertheless, few systematic data are reported about the cell surface sugar residue content during post-natal lung development. 31505925 0 77 theme postnatal 92:100 arg1 development 102:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 rat postnatal development 88:112 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 7 78 theme sialidase 1016:1024 arg1 pre-treatment 1026:1038 sialidase pre-treatment 1016:1038 sialidase pre-treatment 1016:1038 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 5 79 from residues 649:656 arg1 surface 689:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 the bronchioloalveolar cell surface 661:695 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 6 80 used used 906:909 arg2 lectin 852:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin 818:857 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 818:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 9 81 theme portion/alveolar 1320:1335 arg1 surfaces 1353:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 9 82 theme cell 1348:1351 arg1 surfaces 1353:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces 1292:1360 Reactivity of the lectin was assessed in bronchiolar and respiratory portion/alveolar epithelial cell surfaces. 31505925 14 83 theme dramatic 2096:2103 arg1 changes 2122:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 12 84 theme rat 1762:1764 arg1 cells 1807:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1758:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 13 85 from O- 1852:1853 arg1 common 1842:1847 common 1842:1847 common 1842:1847 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 3 86 theme differentiation 389:403 arg1 process 405:411 the differentiation process 385:411 the differentiation process 385:411 These glycans, particularly terminal glycan extensions, are important effective carriers of information that change during the differentiation process. 31505925 10 87 theme adult 1531:1535 arg1 animals 1537:1543 adult animals 1531:1543 adult animals 1531:1543 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 13 88 theme bronchioloalveolar 1934:1951 arg1 cells 1953:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells 1934:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth 1934:1981 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 13 89 from common 1842:1847 arg1 N-glycans 1859:1867 N-glycans 1859:1867 N-glycans 1859:1867 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 13 89 from common 1842:1847 arg1 O- 1852:1853 O- 1852:1853 O- 1852:1853 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 7 90 theme SBA 963:965 arg1 intensity 977:985 SBA labelling intensity 963:985 SBA labelling intensity 963:985 SBA labelling intensity was studied before and after sialidase pre-treatment, at one-, four- and eight-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 12 91 theme sialic 1742:1747 arg1 acids 1749:1753 sialic acids 1742:1753 sialic acids 1742:1753 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 13 92 theme glycan 1901:1906 arg1 classes 1908:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 these glycan classes 1895:1914 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 0 93 theme residues 44:51 arg1 Presence 0:7 Presence 0:7 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells 0:79 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 12 94 theme sub-terminal 1690:1701 arg1 residues 1714:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues 1670:1721 terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1670:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 14 95 theme underlying 2147:2156 arg1 mechanisms 2169:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms 2134:2178 the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment 2134:2212 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 2 96 theme complex 214:220 arg1 assemblage 222:231 a complex assemblage 212:231 a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface 212:259 Airway cells display a complex assemblage of glycans on their surface. 31505925 0 97 theme bronchioloalveolar 56:73 arg1 cells 75:79 bronchioloalveolar cells 56:79 bronchioloalveolar cells 56:79 Presence of N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose residues on bronchioloalveolar cells during rat postnatal development. 31505925 14 98 theme rat 2060:2062 arg1 sections 2069:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 12 99 theme residues 1714:1721 arg1 presence 1658:1665 the presence 1654:1665 the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells 1654:1811 This binding pattern, generally points towards the presence of terminal but mainly sub-terminal GalNAc/Gal residues probably capped by sialic acids on the rat bronchiolar/respiratory tract epithelial cells. 31505925 6 100 dep agglutinin 885:894 arg1 SBA 897:899 SBA 897:899 SBA 897:899 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 5 101 theme glycocalyx 794:803 arg1 composition 805:815 the lung glycocalyx composition 785:815 the lung glycocalyx composition 785:815 In the present work, we aimed to identify and semi-quantify N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)/galactose (Gal) residues on the bronchioloalveolar cell surface in rat lung sections from 1-, 4-, 8- day old and adult animals and link these data with the lung glycocalyx composition. 31505925 8 102 theme SBA 1137:1139 arg1 intensity 1149:1157 SBA binding intensity 1137:1157 SBA binding intensity 1137:1157 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 6 103 theme soybean 877:883 arg1 max 872:874 Glycine max 864:874 Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) 864:900 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 6 103 theme soybean 877:883 arg1 agglutinin 885:894 soybean agglutinin 877:894 soybean agglutinin 877:894 Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectin from Glycine max (soybean agglutinin, SBA) was used, and light microscopy methodologies were performed. 31505925 10 104 theme stronger 1378:1385 arg1 reaction 1396:1403 a stronger positive reaction 1376:1403 a stronger positive reaction 1376:1403 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31505925 8 105 theme intensity 1149:1157 arg1 evaluation 1123:1132 semi-quantitative evaluation 1105:1132 semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity 1105:1157 For semi-quantitative evaluation of SBA binding intensity, two investigators performed the analysis independently, blinded to the type of experiment. 31505925 14 106 theme lung 2105:2108 arg1 changes 2122:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 the dramatic lung morphologic changes 2092:2128 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 14 107 located observed 2034:2041 arg2 results 2026:2032 The results 2022:2032 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections 2022:2076 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 14 107 located observed 2034:2041 arg1 sections 2069:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 eight-day-old rat lung sections 2046:2076 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 14 107 located observed 2034:2041 arg2 due 2085:2087 due 2085:2087 due 2085:2087 The results observed in eight-day-old rat lung sections may be due to the dramatic lung morphologic changes and the possible underlying biological mechanisms that occur during this age-moment. 31505925 13 108 from present 1923:1929 arg1 cells 1953:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells 1934:1957 bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth 1934:1981 As this glycan extension is common in O- and N-glycans, our results suggest that these glycan classes can be present in bronchioloalveolar cells immediately after birth and exist during the postnatal period. 31505925 10 109 theme lung 1410:1413 arg1 sections 1415:1422 lung sections 1410:1422 lung sections 1410:1422 We evidenced a stronger positive reaction when lung sections were pre-treated with neuraminidase before incubation with the lectin in one- and four-day-old animals and adult animals. 31090468 8 0 theme in 1088:1089 arg1 studies 1096:1102 in vivo studies 1088:1102 in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats 1088:1153 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 6 1 theme intestinal 891:900 arg1 fluid 902:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 5 2 theme acetate 638:644 arg1 isobutyrate 646:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate 611:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) 611:663 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 5 2 theme acetate 638:644 arg1 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 2 3 theme low 277:279 arg1 stability 281:289 low stability 277:289 low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 277:340 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 6 4 theme rheological 840:850 arg1 behavior 852:859 rheological behavior 840:859 rheological behavior 840:859 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 5 theme delivery 755:762 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 5 theme delivery 755:762 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 2 6 theme gastrointestinal 313:328 arg1 GIT 337:339 GIT 337:339 GIT 337:339 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 2 6 theme gastrointestinal 313:328 arg1 tract 330:334 the gastrointestinal tract 309:334 the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 309:340 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 8 7 from effect 988:993 arg1 viability 1015:1023 cell viability 1010:1023 cell viability 1010:1023 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 8 7 from effect 988:993 arg1 integrity 1049:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 0 8 theme biopharmaceuticals 107:124 arg1 delivery 95:102 oral delivery 90:102 oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 90:124 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 10 9 from entrapped 1407:1415 arg1 DDS 1425:1427 SAIB DDS 1420:1427 SAIB DDS 1420:1427 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 2 10 theme biopharmaceuticals 229:246 arg1 delivery 217:224 oral delivery 212:224 oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 212:246 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 7 11 theme SAIB 974:977 arg1 DDS 979:981 SAIB DDS 974:981 SAIB DDS 974:981 To ease readability of this manuscript, we will refer to this as SAIB DDS. 31090468 9 12 theme biosimilar 1185:1194 arg1 mucus 1196:1200 biosimilar mucus 1185:1200 biosimilar mucus 1185:1200 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 11 13 theme fasted 1702:1707 arg1 conditions 1709:1718 fasted conditions 1702:1718 fasted conditions 1702:1718 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 1 14 theme drug 132:135 arg1 alternative 175:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative 149:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables 149:200 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 1 14 theme drug 132:135 arg1 delivery 137:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 2 15 from transit 298:304 arg1 GIT 337:339 GIT 337:339 GIT 337:339 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 2 15 from transit 298:304 arg1 tract 330:334 the gastrointestinal tract 309:334 the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 309:340 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 0 16 theme novel 70:74 arg1 excipient 76:84 a novel excipient 68:84 a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 68:124 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 7 17 theme manuscript 937:946 arg1 readability 917:927 ease readability 912:927 ease readability of this manuscript 912:946 To ease readability of this manuscript, we will refer to this as SAIB DDS. 31090468 1 18 theme attractive 152:161 arg1 alternative 175:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative 149:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables 149:200 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 1 18 theme attractive 152:161 arg1 delivery 137:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 10 19 theme insulin 1399:1405 arg1 entrapped 1407:1415 radiolabeled insulin entrapped 1386:1415 radiolabeled insulin entrapped 1386:1415 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 5 20 theme GRAS 615:618 arg1 isobutyrate 646:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate 611:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) 611:663 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 5 20 theme GRAS 615:618 arg1 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 8 21 dep in 1088:1089 arg1 vivo 1091:1094 vivo 1091:1094 vivo 1091:1094 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 8 22 theme SAIB 998:1001 arg1 DDS 1003:1005 SAIB DDS 998:1005 SAIB DDS 998:1005 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 7 23 theme ease 912:915 arg1 readability 917:927 ease readability 912:927 ease readability of this manuscript 912:946 To ease readability of this manuscript, we will refer to this as SAIB DDS. 31090468 6 24 theme Mucoadhesive 697:708 arg1 properties 710:719 Mucoadhesive properties 697:719 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 697:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 12 25 theme oral 1826:1829 arg1 administration 1831:1844 oral administration 1826:1844 oral administration 1826:1844 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 9 26 theme biosimilar 1274:1283 arg1 mucus 1285:1289 biosimilar mucus 1274:1289 biosimilar mucus 1274:1289 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 4 27 from retention 501:509 arg1 GIT 518:520 the GIT 514:520 the GIT 514:520 An interesting approach is increasing retention in the GIT by utilizing mucoadhesive biomaterials as excipients. 31090468 11 28 from composition 1627:1637 arg1 antrum 1689:1694 the antrum 1685:1694 the antrum 1685:1694 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 0 29 theme mucoadhesive 14:25 arg1 behavior 27:34 the mucoadhesive behavior 10:34 the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate 10:65 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 11 30 theme physical 1660:1667 arg1 stress 1675:1680 physical shear stress 1660:1680 physical shear stress 1660:1680 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 8 31 theme epithelial 1029:1038 arg1 integrity 1049:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 12 32 theme safe 1763:1766 arg1 SAIB 1736:1739 SAIB 1736:1739 SAIB 1736:1739 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 12 32 theme safe 1763:1766 arg1 biomaterial 1768:1778 an interesting and safe biomaterial 1744:1778 an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration 1744:1844 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 3 33 theme novel 392:396 arg1 strategies 410:419 novel formulation strategies 392:419 novel formulation strategies 392:419 Thus, novel formulation strategies are essential to overcome this challenge. 31090468 11 34 theme fluid 1650:1654 arg1 composition 1627:1637 the chemical composition 1614:1637 the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum 1614:1694 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 6 35 theme w/w 745:747 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 35 theme w/w 745:747 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 0 36 theme acetate 47:53 arg1 isobutyrate 55:65 sucrose acetate isobutyrate 39:65 sucrose acetate isobutyrate 39:65 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 9 37 theme considerable 1320:1331 arg1 mucoadhesion 1333:1344 considerable mucoadhesion 1320:1344 considerable mucoadhesion 1320:1344 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 6 38 theme mucus 810:814 arg1 model 816:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 12 39 from biomaterial 1768:1778 arg1 conclusion 1724:1733 conclusion 1724:1733 conclusion 1724:1733 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 6 40 theme EtOH 739:742 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 40 theme EtOH 739:742 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 11 41 theme stress 1675:1680 arg1 composition 1627:1637 the chemical composition 1614:1637 the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum 1614:1694 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 11 42 theme gastric 1572:1578 arg1 model 1580:1584 the dynamic gastric model 1560:1584 the dynamic gastric model 1560:1584 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 2 43 theme systemic 360:367 arg1 bioavailability 369:383 low systemic bioavailability 356:383 low systemic bioavailability 356:383 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 8 44 from imaging 1139:1145 arg1 rats 1150:1153 rats 1150:1153 rats 1150:1153 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 0 45 dep Exploring 0:8 arg1 excipient 76:84 a novel excipient 68:84 a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 68:124 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 12 46 theme interesting 1747:1757 arg1 SAIB 1736:1739 SAIB 1736:1739 SAIB 1736:1739 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 12 46 theme interesting 1747:1757 arg1 biomaterial 1768:1778 an interesting and safe biomaterial 1744:1778 an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration 1744:1844 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 6 47 theme 90 726:727 arg1 % 728:728 % 728:728 % 728:728 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 48 theme biosimilar 880:889 arg1 fluid 902:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 49 from immersion 867:875 arg1 fluid 902:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 biosimilar intestinal fluid 880:906 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 5 50 theme sucrose 630:636 arg1 isobutyrate 646:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate 611:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) 611:663 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 5 50 theme sucrose 630:636 arg1 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 1 51 theme noninvasive 163:173 arg1 alternative 175:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative 149:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables 149:200 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 1 51 theme noninvasive 163:173 arg1 delivery 137:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 6 52 theme behavior 852:859 arg1 evaluation 826:835 evaluation 826:835 evaluation of rheological behavior 826:859 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 52 theme behavior 852:859 arg1 model 816:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 11 53 theme chemical 1618:1625 arg1 composition 1627:1637 the chemical composition 1614:1637 the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum 1614:1694 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 5 54 theme isobutyrate 646:656 arg1 potential 598:606 the potential 594:606 the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo 594:694 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 6 55 theme system 764:769 arg1 properties 710:719 Mucoadhesive properties 697:719 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 697:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 56 theme drug 750:753 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 56 theme drug 750:753 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 8 57 theme SPECT/CT 1130:1137 arg1 imaging 1139:1145 SPECT/CT imaging 1130:1145 SPECT/CT imaging in rats 1130:1153 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 9 58 theme SAIB 1171:1174 arg1 DDS 1176:1178 SAIB DDS 1171:1178 SAIB DDS 1171:1178 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 4 59 theme interesting 466:476 arg1 approach 478:485 An interesting approach 463:485 An interesting approach 463:485 An interesting approach is increasing retention in the GIT by utilizing mucoadhesive biomaterials as excipients. 31090468 1 60 theme Oral 127:130 arg1 alternative 175:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative 149:185 an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables 149:200 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 1 60 theme Oral 127:130 arg1 delivery 137:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery 127:144 Oral drug delivery is an attractive noninvasive alternative to injectables. 31090468 11 61 theme system 1530:1535 arg1 integrity 1513:1521 the integrity 1509:1521 the integrity of the system 1509:1535 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 9 62 theme increased 1203:1211 arg1 viscosity 1213:1221 increased viscosity 1203:1221 increased viscosity 1203:1221 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 10 63 dep 22 h 1472:1475 arg1 to 1469:1470 to 1469:1470 to 1469:1470 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 0 64 theme oral 90:93 arg1 delivery 95:102 oral delivery 90:102 oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 90:124 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 6 65 theme % 737:737 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 65 theme % 737:737 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 10 66 theme radiolabeled 1386:1397 arg1 entrapped 1407:1415 radiolabeled insulin entrapped 1386:1415 radiolabeled insulin entrapped 1386:1415 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 9 67 theme secondary 1243:1251 arg1 interactions 1253:1264 secondary interactions 1243:1264 secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion 1243:1344 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 8 68 theme DDS 1003:1005 arg1 effect 988:993 The effect 984:993 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity 984:1057 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 5 69 theme excipient 620:628 arg1 isobutyrate 646:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate 611:656 the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) 611:663 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 5 69 theme excipient 620:628 arg1 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 SAIB 659:662 Here, we explored the potential of the GRAS excipient sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) to obtain mucoadhesion in vivo. 31090468 8 70 theme cell 1010:1013 arg1 viability 1015:1023 cell viability 1010:1023 cell viability 1010:1023 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 10 71 theme SAIB 1420:1423 arg1 DDS 1425:1427 SAIB DDS 1420:1427 SAIB DDS 1420:1427 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 6 72 theme SAIB/10 730:736 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 72 theme SAIB/10 730:736 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 10 73 theme small 1446:1450 arg1 intestine 1452:1460 the small intestine 1442:1460 the small intestine for up to 22 h 1442:1475 Mucoadhesion was confirmed in vivo, as radiolabeled insulin entrapped in SAIB DDS, remained in the small intestine for up to 22 h after administration. 31090468 0 74 theme sucrose 39:45 arg1 isobutyrate 55:65 sucrose acetate isobutyrate 39:65 sucrose acetate isobutyrate 39:65 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 9 75 theme sucrose 1295:1301 arg1 ester 1303:1307 sucrose ester 1295:1307 sucrose ester 1295:1307 When combining SAIB DDS with biosimilar mucus, increased viscosity was observed due to secondary interactions between biosimilar mucus and sucrose ester predicting considerable mucoadhesion. 31090468 8 76 theme membrane 1040:1047 arg1 integrity 1049:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 epithelial membrane integrity 1029:1057 The effect of SAIB DDS on cell viability and epithelial membrane integrity was tested in vitro prior to in vivo studies that were conducted using SPECT/CT imaging in rats. 31090468 4 77 theme mucoadhesive 535:546 arg1 biomaterials 548:559 mucoadhesive biomaterials 535:559 mucoadhesive biomaterials 535:559 An interesting approach is increasing retention in the GIT by utilizing mucoadhesive biomaterials as excipients. 31090468 11 78 theme stomach 1642:1648 arg1 fluid 1650:1654 stomach fluid 1642:1654 stomach fluid 1642:1654 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 0 79 theme isobutyrate 55:65 arg1 behavior 27:34 the mucoadhesive behavior 10:34 the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate 10:65 Exploring the mucoadhesive behavior of sucrose acetate isobutyrate: a novel excipient for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals. 31090468 12 80 theme high 1791:1794 arg1 mucoadhesion 1796:1807 high mucoadhesion 1791:1807 high mucoadhesion 1791:1807 In conclusion, SAIB is an interesting and safe biomaterial to promote high mucoadhesion in the GIT after oral administration. 31090468 3 81 theme formulation 398:408 arg1 strategies 410:419 novel formulation strategies 392:419 novel formulation strategies 392:419 Thus, novel formulation strategies are essential to overcome this challenge. 31090468 2 82 theme oral 212:215 arg1 delivery 217:224 oral delivery 212:224 oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals 212:246 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 31090468 6 83 theme biosimilar 799:808 arg1 model 816:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 a biosimilar mucus model 797:820 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 11 84 theme shear 1669:1673 arg1 stress 1675:1680 physical shear stress 1660:1680 physical shear stress 1660:1680 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 11 85 theme dynamic 1564:1570 arg1 model 1580:1584 the dynamic gastric model 1560:1584 the dynamic gastric model 1560:1584 Moreover, the integrity of the system was investigated using the dynamic gastric model under conditions simulating the chemical composition of stomach fluid and physical shear stress in the antrum under fasted conditions. 31090468 6 86 theme % 728:728 arg1 system 764:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system 724:769 a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) 724:775 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 6 86 theme % 728:728 arg1 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 DDS 772:774 Mucoadhesive properties of a 90% SAIB/10% EtOH (w/w) drug delivery system (DDS) were assessed using a biosimilar mucus model and evaluation of rheological behavior after immersion in biosimilar intestinal fluid. 31090468 2 87 theme low 356:358 arg1 bioavailability 369:383 low systemic bioavailability 356:383 low systemic bioavailability 356:383 However, oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals is highly challenging due to low stability during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), resulting in low systemic bioavailability. 30187410 6 0 theme macroelements 877:889 arg1 content 866:872 a higher content 857:872 a higher content of macroelements 857:889 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 9 1 theme sewage 1135:1140 arg1 sludge 1142:1147 Municipal sewage sludge 1125:1147 Municipal sewage sludge 1125:1147 Municipal sewage sludge showed the highest yield-forming effect. 30187410 16 2 theme sludge 2016:2021 arg1 Application 1959:1969 Application 1959:1969 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil 1959:2029 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 1 3 theme various 241:247 arg1 properties 265:274 various physicochemical properties 241:274 various physicochemical properties of these wastes 241:290 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 8 4 theme plants 1117:1122 arg1 yield 1104:1108 the yield 1100:1108 the yield of the plants 1100:1122 Applying only the cellulose production waste did not significantly decrease the yield of the plants. 30187410 6 5 theme cellulose 774:782 arg1 waste 795:799 the cellulose production waste 770:799 the cellulose production waste 770:799 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 17 6 theme soil 2138:2141 arg1 standards 2151:2159 soil quality standards 2138:2159 soil quality standards 2138:2159 However, it did not cause deterioration of soil quality standards. 30187410 18 7 theme chemical 2315:2322 arg1 control 2324:2330 chemical control 2315:2330 chemical control 2315:2330 Heterogeneity in the chemical composition of the wastes confirms that each batch intended to be used for environmental management should be subjected to chemical control. 30187410 9 8 theme highest 1160:1166 arg1 effect 1182:1187 the highest yield-forming effect 1156:1187 the highest yield-forming effect 1156:1187 Municipal sewage sludge showed the highest yield-forming effect. 30187410 1 9 theme production 161:170 arg1 management 137:146 Environmental management 123:146 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 123:204 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 17 10 theme standards 2151:2159 arg1 deterioration 2121:2133 deterioration 2121:2133 deterioration of soil quality standards 2121:2159 However, it did not cause deterioration of soil quality standards. 30187410 15 11 theme heavy 1807:1811 arg1 metals 1813:1818 the analyzed heavy metals 1794:1818 the analyzed heavy metals 1794:1818 Among the analyzed heavy metals, the highest phytoremediation was recorded for Ni (30%), followed by Cd (20%), Cr (15%), Pb (10%), and the lowest for Cu (9%) and Zn (8%). 30187410 2 12 from effect 348:353 arg1 uptake 431:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake 406:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 406:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 5 13 theme mixture 684:690 arg1 composition 659:669 Species composition 651:669 Species composition of the plant mixture 651:690 Species composition of the plant mixture was adjusted to habitat conditions. 30187410 1 14 theme sewage 192:197 arg1 sludge 199:204 municipal sewage sludge 182:204 municipal sewage sludge 182:204 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 15 15 theme highest 1825:1831 arg1 phytoremediation 1833:1848 the highest phytoremediation 1821:1848 the highest phytoremediation 1821:1848 Among the analyzed heavy metals, the highest phytoremediation was recorded for Ni (30%), followed by Cd (20%), Cr (15%), Pb (10%), and the lowest for Cu (9%) and Zn (8%). 30187410 13 16 theme heavy 1624:1628 arg1 uptake 1636:1641 the heavy metal uptake 1620:1641 the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture 1620:1662 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 0 17 theme plant 108:112 arg1 mixture 114:120 a plant mixture 106:120 a plant mixture 106:120 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 11 18 from content 1368:1374 arg1 mix 1415:1417 the plant mix 1405:1417 the plant mix 1405:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 3 19 theme environmental 576:588 arg1 aspect 590:595 the environmental aspect 572:595 the environmental aspect 572:595 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30187410 14 20 theme cellulose 1760:1768 arg1 waste 1781:1785 the cellulose production waste 1756:1785 the cellulose production waste 1756:1785 The plant biomass extracted heavy metals from the sewage sludge more intensively than from the cellulose production waste. 30187410 3 21 from value 547:551 arg1 aspect 590:595 the environmental aspect 572:595 the environmental aspect 572:595 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30187410 16 22 from content 2050:2056 arg1 soil 2089:2092 soil 2089:2092 soil 2089:2092 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 12 23 theme content 1445:1451 arg1 level 1424:1428 The level 1420:1428 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix 1420:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 10 24 from increase 1286:1293 arg1 yield 1316:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 11 25 theme Zn 1399:1400 arg1 content 1368:1374 the content 1364:1374 the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix 1364:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 0 26 theme sewage 55:60 arg1 sludge 62:67 municipal sewage sludge 45:67 municipal sewage sludge 45:67 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 1 27 theme Environmental 123:135 arg1 management 137:146 Environmental management 123:146 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 123:204 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 14 28 theme heavy 1693:1697 arg1 metals 1699:1704 heavy metals 1693:1704 heavy metals 1693:1704 The plant biomass extracted heavy metals from the sewage sludge more intensively than from the cellulose production waste. 30187410 13 29 theme municipal 1586:1594 arg1 sludge 1603:1608 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 1551:1608 sludge 1603:1608 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 15 30 dep recorded 1854:1861 arg1 followed 1877:1884 followed 1877:1884 followed by Cd (20%), Cr (15%), Pb (10%), and the lowest for Cu (9%) and Zn (8%) 1877:1956 Among the analyzed heavy metals, the highest phytoremediation was recorded for Ni (30%), followed by Cd (20%), Cr (15%), Pb (10%), and the lowest for Cu (9%) and Zn (8%). 30187410 16 31 theme studied 2065:2071 arg1 metals 2079:2084 the studied heavy metals 2061:2084 the studied heavy metals 2061:2084 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 5 32 theme habitat 708:714 arg1 conditions 716:725 habitat conditions 708:725 habitat conditions 708:725 Species composition of the plant mixture was adjusted to habitat conditions. 30187410 12 33 from content 1445:1451 arg1 mix 1466:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 7 34 theme metals 913:918 arg1 content 896:902 The content 892:902 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste 892:939 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 12 35 theme heavy 1433:1437 arg1 content 1445:1451 heavy metal content 1433:1451 heavy metal content in the plant mix 1433:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 13 36 theme cellulose 1555:1563 arg1 waste 1576:1580 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 1551:1608 waste 1576:1580 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 0 37 theme metal 90:94 arg1 uptake 96:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake 72:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 72:120 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 2 38 theme production 368:377 arg1 effect 348:353 the effect 344:353 the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 344:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 12 39 from level 1424:1428 arg1 mix 1466:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 2 40 theme heavy 419:423 arg1 uptake 431:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake 406:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 406:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 2 41 theme yielding 406:413 arg1 uptake 431:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake 406:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 406:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 1 42 theme wastes 285:290 arg1 properties 265:274 various physicochemical properties 241:274 various physicochemical properties of these wastes 241:290 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 16 43 theme production 1988:1997 arg1 Application 1959:1969 Application 1959:1969 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil 1959:2029 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 10 44 theme Mixing 1190:1195 arg1 wastes 1217:1222 the above-mentioned wastes 1197:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes 1190:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 2 45 theme sludge 396:401 arg1 effect 348:353 the effect 344:353 the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 344:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 0 46 theme production 24:33 arg1 waste 35:39 cellulose production waste 14:39 cellulose production waste 14:39 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 8 47 theme cellulose 1042:1050 arg1 waste 1063:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste did not significantly decrease the yield of the plants. 30187410 10 48 theme plant 1302:1306 arg1 yield 1316:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 6 49 theme sewage 816:821 arg1 sludge 823:828 the municipal sewage sludge 802:828 the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment 802:851 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 16 50 theme metals 2079:2084 arg1 content 2050:2056 the content 2046:2056 the content of the studied heavy metals in soil 2046:2092 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 2 51 dep production 368:377 arg1 waste 379:383 waste 379:383 waste 379:383 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 10 52 theme above-mentioned 1201:1215 arg1 wastes 1217:1222 the above-mentioned wastes 1197:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes 1190:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 2 53 theme research 318:325 arg1 aim 297:299 The aim 293:299 The aim of the conducted research 293:325 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 12 54 from mix 1466:1468 arg1 level 1424:1428 The level 1420:1428 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix 1420:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 3 55 theme field 491:495 arg1 conditions 508:517 field experiment conditions 491:517 field experiment conditions 491:517 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30187410 9 56 theme Municipal 1125:1133 arg1 sludge 1142:1147 Municipal sewage sludge 1125:1147 Municipal sewage sludge 1125:1147 Municipal sewage sludge showed the highest yield-forming effect. 30187410 18 57 from Heterogeneity 2162:2174 arg1 composition 2192:2202 the chemical composition 2179:2202 the chemical composition of the wastes 2179:2216 Heterogeneity in the chemical composition of the wastes confirms that each batch intended to be used for environmental management should be subjected to chemical control. 30187410 16 58 theme heavy 2073:2077 arg1 metals 2079:2084 the studied heavy metals 2061:2084 the studied heavy metals 2061:2084 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 6 59 theme production 784:793 arg1 waste 795:799 the cellulose production waste 770:799 the cellulose production waste 770:799 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 1 60 theme physicochemical 249:263 arg1 properties 265:274 various physicochemical properties 241:274 various physicochemical properties of these wastes 241:290 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 6 61 theme higher 859:864 arg1 content 866:872 a higher content 857:872 a higher content of macroelements 857:889 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 16 62 dep production 1988:1997 arg1 waste 1999:2003 waste 1999:2003 waste 1999:2003 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 1 63 theme cellulose 151:159 arg1 production 161:170 cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 151:204 production 161:170 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 17 64 theme quality 2143:2149 arg1 standards 2151:2159 soil quality standards 2138:2159 soil quality standards 2138:2159 However, it did not cause deterioration of soil quality standards. 30187410 15 65 theme analyzed 1798:1805 arg1 metals 1813:1818 the analyzed heavy metals 1794:1818 the analyzed heavy metals 1794:1818 Among the analyzed heavy metals, the highest phytoremediation was recorded for Ni (30%), followed by Cd (20%), Cr (15%), Pb (10%), and the lowest for Cu (9%) and Zn (8%). 30187410 9 66 theme yield-forming 1168:1180 arg1 effect 1182:1187 the highest yield-forming effect 1156:1187 the highest yield-forming effect 1156:1187 Municipal sewage sludge showed the highest yield-forming effect. 30187410 13 67 theme plant 1650:1654 arg1 mixture 1656:1662 the plant mixture 1646:1662 the plant mixture 1646:1662 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 5 68 theme plant 678:682 arg1 mixture 684:690 the plant mixture 674:690 the plant mixture 674:690 Species composition of the plant mixture was adjusted to habitat conditions. 30187410 3 69 theme fertilizer 536:545 arg1 value 547:551 the fertilizer value 532:551 the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect 532:595 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30187410 1 70 theme municipal 182:190 arg1 sludge 199:204 municipal sewage sludge 182:204 municipal sewage sludge 182:204 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 6 71 contain had 853:855 arg2 content 866:872 a higher content 857:872 a higher content of macroelements 857:889 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 6 71 contain had 853:855 arg1 sludge 823:828 the municipal sewage sludge 802:828 the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment 802:851 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 1 72 theme sludge 199:204 arg1 management 137:146 Environmental management 123:146 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 123:204 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 7 73 from condition 972:980 arg1 reclamation 1011:1021 reclamation 1011:1021 reclamation 1011:1021 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 7 73 from condition 972:980 arg1 agriculture 995:1005 agriculture 995:1005 agriculture 995:1005 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 13 74 theme metal 1630:1634 arg1 uptake 1636:1641 the heavy metal uptake 1620:1641 the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture 1620:1662 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 5 75 theme Species 651:657 arg1 composition 659:669 Species composition 651:669 Species composition of the plant mixture 651:690 Species composition of the plant mixture was adjusted to habitat conditions. 30187410 3 76 theme wastes 562:567 arg1 value 547:551 the fertilizer value 532:551 the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect 532:595 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30187410 7 77 from content 896:902 arg1 waste 935:939 the studied waste 923:939 the studied waste 923:939 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 16 78 theme sewage 2009:2014 arg1 sludge 2016:2021 sewage sludge 2009:2021 sewage sludge 2009:2021 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 0 79 theme sludge 62:67 arg1 effect 4:9 The effect 0:9 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 0:121 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 16 80 theme cellulose 1978:1986 arg1 production 1988:1997 the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge 1974:2021 production 1988:1997 Application of the cellulose production waste and sewage sludge to soil also increased the content of the studied heavy metals in soil. 30187410 12 81 theme plant 1460:1464 arg1 mix 1466:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 the plant mix 1456:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 0 82 theme biomass 72:78 arg1 uptake 96:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake 72:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 72:120 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 10 83 contain had 1254:1256 arg1 wastes 1217:1222 the above-mentioned wastes 1197:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes 1190:1222 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 10 83 contain had 1254:1256 arg1 application 1234:1244 their application 1228:1244 their application to soil 1228:1252 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 10 83 contain had 1254:1256 arg2 effect 1272:1277 a significant effect 1258:1277 a significant effect 1258:1277 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 14 84 theme sewage 1715:1720 arg1 sludge 1722:1727 the sewage sludge 1711:1727 the sewage sludge 1711:1727 The plant biomass extracted heavy metals from the sewage sludge more intensively than from the cellulose production waste. 30187410 0 85 from effect 4:9 arg1 uptake 96:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake 72:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 72:120 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 13 86 theme sewage 1596:1601 arg1 sludge 1603:1608 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 1551:1608 sludge 1603:1608 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 11 87 theme plant 1409:1413 arg1 mix 1415:1417 the plant mix 1405:1417 the plant mix 1405:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 0 88 theme heavy 84:88 arg1 uptake 96:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake 72:101 biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 72:120 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 7 89 theme studied 927:933 arg1 waste 935:939 the studied waste 923:939 the studied waste 923:939 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 12 90 theme metal 1439:1443 arg1 content 1445:1451 heavy metal content 1433:1451 heavy metal content in the plant mix 1433:1468 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 18 91 theme chemical 2183:2190 arg1 composition 2192:2202 the chemical composition 2179:2202 the chemical composition of the wastes 2179:2216 Heterogeneity in the chemical composition of the wastes confirms that each batch intended to be used for environmental management should be subjected to chemical control. 30187410 10 92 theme significant 1260:1270 arg1 effect 1272:1277 a significant effect 1258:1277 a significant effect 1258:1277 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 11 93 theme Cd 1383:1384 arg1 content 1368:1374 the content 1364:1374 the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix 1364:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 12 94 theme reclamation 1529:1539 arg1 purposes 1541:1548 fodder or reclamation purposes 1519:1548 fodder or reclamation purposes 1519:1548 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 13 95 theme production 1565:1574 arg1 waste 1576:1580 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge 1551:1608 waste 1576:1580 The cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge increased the heavy metal uptake by the plant mixture. 30187410 11 96 theme Cr 1379:1380 arg1 content 1368:1374 the content 1364:1374 the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix 1364:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 8 97 theme Applying 1024:1031 arg1 waste 1063:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste did not significantly decrease the yield of the plants. 30187410 7 98 theme heavy 907:911 arg1 metals 913:918 heavy metals 907:918 heavy metals 907:918 The content of heavy metals in the studied waste did not exceed the limits that condition their use in agriculture and reclamation. 30187410 2 99 theme metal 425:429 arg1 uptake 431:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake 406:436 yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture 406:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 18 100 theme wastes 2211:2216 arg1 composition 2192:2202 the chemical composition 2179:2202 the chemical composition of the wastes 2179:2216 Heterogeneity in the chemical composition of the wastes confirms that each batch intended to be used for environmental management should be subjected to chemical control. 30187410 11 101 theme Cu 1391:1392 arg1 content 1368:1374 the content 1364:1374 the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix 1364:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 2 102 theme cellulose 358:366 arg1 production 368:377 cellulose production waste and sewage sludge 358:401 production 368:377 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 0 103 theme cellulose 14:22 arg1 waste 35:39 cellulose production waste 14:39 cellulose production waste 14:39 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 11 104 theme Pb 1387:1388 arg1 content 1368:1374 the content 1364:1374 the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix 1364:1417 The waste applied to soil also increased the content of Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in the plant mix. 30187410 0 105 theme waste 35:39 arg1 effect 4:9 The effect 0:9 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 0:121 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 8 106 theme production 1052:1061 arg1 waste 1063:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste 1024:1067 Applying only the cellulose production waste did not significantly decrease the yield of the plants. 30187410 14 107 theme production 1770:1779 arg1 waste 1781:1785 the cellulose production waste 1756:1785 the cellulose production waste 1756:1785 The plant biomass extracted heavy metals from the sewage sludge more intensively than from the cellulose production waste. 30187410 12 108 theme fodder 1519:1524 arg1 purposes 1541:1548 fodder or reclamation purposes 1519:1548 fodder or reclamation purposes 1519:1548 The level of heavy metal content in the plant mix did not exclude this biomass from being used for fodder or reclamation purposes. 30187410 2 109 theme plant 443:447 arg1 mixture 449:455 a plant mixture 441:455 a plant mixture 441:455 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 18 110 theme environmental 2267:2279 arg1 management 2281:2290 environmental management 2267:2290 environmental management 2267:2290 Heterogeneity in the chemical composition of the wastes confirms that each batch intended to be used for environmental management should be subjected to chemical control. 30187410 10 111 theme mixture 1308:1314 arg1 yield 1316:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 the plant mixture yield 1298:1320 Mixing the above-mentioned wastes and their application to soil had a significant effect on the increase in the plant mixture yield. 30187410 2 112 theme sewage 389:394 arg1 sludge 396:401 sewage sludge 389:401 sewage sludge 389:401 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 0 113 theme municipal 45:53 arg1 sludge 62:67 municipal sewage sludge 45:67 municipal sewage sludge 45:67 The effect of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge on biomass and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 14 114 theme plant 1669:1673 arg1 biomass 1675:1681 The plant biomass 1665:1681 The plant biomass 1665:1681 The plant biomass extracted heavy metals from the sewage sludge more intensively than from the cellulose production waste. 30187410 1 115 dep production 161:170 arg1 waste 172:176 waste 172:176 waste 172:176 Environmental management of cellulose production waste and municipal sewage sludge appears to be substantiated due to various physicochemical properties of these wastes. 30187410 6 116 theme municipal 806:814 arg1 sludge 823:828 the municipal sewage sludge 802:828 the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment 802:851 It was established that, as compared with the cellulose production waste, the municipal sewage sludge used in the experiment had a higher content of macroelements. 30187410 2 117 theme conducted 308:316 arg1 research 318:325 the conducted research 304:325 the conducted research 304:325 The aim of the conducted research was to determine the effect of cellulose production waste and sewage sludge on yielding and heavy metal uptake by a plant mixture. 30187410 3 118 theme experiment 497:506 arg1 conditions 508:517 field experiment conditions 491:517 field experiment conditions 491:517 The research was conducted under field experiment conditions, determining the fertilizer value of these wastes in the environmental aspect. 30769044 5 0 theme EDX 850:852 arg1 spectrum 854:861 EDX spectrum 850:861 EDX spectrum 850:861 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 6 1 theme synthesized 976:986 arg1 HAp 988:990 the synthesized HAp 972:990 the synthesized HAp 972:990 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 5 2 theme major 901:905 arg1 components 907:916 the major components 897:916 the major components 897:916 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 5 2 theme major 901:905 arg1 presence 873:880 presence 873:880 presence of Ca and P 873:892 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 7 3 theme SEM 1215:1217 arg1 analyses 1219:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 5 4 theme mesoporous 825:834 arg1 structure 836:844 the mesoporous structure 821:844 the mesoporous structure 821:844 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 4 5 theme HAp 640:642 arg1 Characterization 620:635 Characterization 620:635 Characterization of HAp using FTIR 620:653 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 3 6 theme National 556:563 arg1 Institute 584:592 the National Botanical Research Institute 552:592 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 0 7 theme bone 124:127 arg1 applications 148:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 3 8 theme Botanical 565:573 arg1 Institute 584:592 the National Botanical Research Institute 552:592 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 7 9 theme FTIR 1201:1204 arg1 analyses 1219:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 9 10 theme bone 1497:1500 arg1 damage 1502:1507 major bone damage 1491:1507 major bone damage 1491:1507 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 11 theme biocompatible 1525:1537 arg1 way 1553:1555 a biocompatible and non-toxic way 1523:1555 a biocompatible and non-toxic way 1523:1555 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 12 theme bone 1455:1458 arg1 composite 1460:1468 HApGCF bone composite 1448:1468 HApGCF bone composite 1448:1468 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 8 13 theme osteoblast 1271:1280 arg1 cells 1288:1292 osteoblast MG-63 cells 1271:1292 osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface 1271:1378 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 0 14 theme engineering 136:146 arg1 applications 148:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 4 15 theme phosphate 680:688 arg1 hydroxyapatite 696:709 phosphate group hydroxyapatite 680:709 phosphate group hydroxyapatite 680:709 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 3 16 theme Institute 584:592 arg1 Medium 604:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium 552:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 3 16 theme Institute 584:592 arg1 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 4 17 theme polycrystalline 734:748 arg1 nature 750:755 polycrystalline nature 734:755 polycrystalline nature 734:755 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 1 18 theme bioactive 188:196 arg1 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) 162:181 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 1 18 theme bioactive 188:196 arg1 material 216:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material 186:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector 186:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 0 19 theme tissue 129:134 arg1 applications 148:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 bone tissue engineering applications 124:159 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 2 20 theme present 308:314 arg1 study 316:320 the present study 304:320 the present study 304:320 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 3 21 theme biological 482:491 arg1 source 493:498 biological source 482:498 biological source 482:498 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 7 22 theme HApGCF 1160:1165 arg1 composite 1172:1180 HApGCF bone composite 1160:1180 HApGCF bone composite 1160:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 6 23 theme bone 938:941 arg1 composite 943:951 a new bone composite 932:951 a new bone composite 932:951 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 6 24 theme Body 1070:1073 arg1 SBF 1082:1084 SBF 1082:1084 SBF 1082:1084 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 6 24 theme Body 1070:1073 arg1 Fluid 1075:1079 Simulated Body Fluid 1060:1079 Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution 1060:1094 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 7 25 theme XRD 1207:1209 arg1 analyses 1219:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses 1201:1226 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 8 26 theme composite 1362:1370 arg1 surface 1372:1378 the composite surface 1358:1378 the composite surface 1358:1378 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 1 27 theme biocompatible 202:214 arg1 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) 162:181 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 1 27 theme biocompatible 202:214 arg1 material 216:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material 186:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector 186:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 5 28 theme P 892:892 arg1 presence 873:880 presence 873:880 presence of Ca and P 873:892 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 5 28 theme P 892:892 arg1 components 907:916 the major components 897:916 the major components 897:916 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 5 29 theme morphological 762:774 arg1 characterization 776:791 The morphological characterization 758:791 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM 758:810 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 3 30 from activity 540:547 arg1 Medium 604:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium 552:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 3 30 from activity 540:547 arg1 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 8 31 theme HApGCF 1233:1238 arg1 composite 1245:1253 The HApGCF bone composite 1229:1253 The HApGCF bone composite 1229:1253 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 2 32 theme solubilizing 403:414 arg1 SM24 387:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 363:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) 363:424 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 2 32 theme solubilizing 403:414 arg1 bacteria 416:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 7 33 theme characteristics 1141:1155 arg1 confirmation 1101:1112 The confirmation 1097:1112 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite 1097:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 6 34 theme Simulated 1060:1068 arg1 SBF 1082:1084 SBF 1082:1084 SBF 1082:1084 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 6 34 theme Simulated 1060:1068 arg1 Fluid 1075:1079 Simulated Body Fluid 1060:1079 Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution 1060:1094 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 2 35 theme hydroxyapatite 336:349 arg1 synthesis 323:331 synthesis 323:331 synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) 323:424 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 3 36 theme efficient 507:515 arg1 activity 540:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity 507:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 507:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 8 37 theme bone 1240:1243 arg1 composite 1245:1253 The HApGCF bone composite 1229:1253 The HApGCF bone composite 1229:1253 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 6 38 theme new 934:936 arg1 composite 943:951 a new bone composite 932:951 a new bone composite 932:951 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 6 39 theme Fluid 1075:1079 arg1 solution 1087:1094 Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution 1060:1094 Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution 1060:1094 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 9 40 theme in 1424:1425 arg1 replacement 1475:1485 a replacement 1473:1485 a replacement for major bone damage and injury 1473:1518 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 40 theme in 1424:1425 arg1 application 1433:1443 the in vitro application 1420:1443 the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite 1420:1468 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 1 41 theme osteoconductive 236:250 arg1 properties 252:261 osteoconductive properties 236:261 osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector 236:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 8 42 theme effective 1302:1310 arg1 biocompatibility 1312:1327 effective biocompatibility 1302:1327 effective biocompatibility 1302:1327 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 5 43 theme HAp 796:798 arg1 characterization 776:791 The morphological characterization 758:791 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM 758:810 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 7 44 theme bone 1167:1170 arg1 composite 1172:1180 HApGCF bone composite 1160:1180 HApGCF bone composite 1160:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 9 45 theme HApGCF 1448:1453 arg1 composite 1460:1468 HApGCF bone composite 1448:1468 HApGCF bone composite 1448:1468 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 0 46 theme hydroxyapatite 37:50 arg1 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 0 46 theme hydroxyapatite 37:50 arg1 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 7 47 theme structural 1130:1139 arg1 characteristics 1141:1155 chemical and structural characteristics 1117:1155 chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite 1117:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 4 48 theme hydroxyapatite 696:709 arg1 presence 668:675 the presence 664:675 the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite 664:709 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 0 49 theme composite 60:68 arg1 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 characterization 17:32 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 0 49 theme composite 60:68 arg1 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis 0:11 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 6 50 theme Bone 1036:1039 arg1 HApGCF 1046:1051 HApGCF 1046:1051 HApGCF 1046:1051 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 6 50 theme Bone 1036:1039 arg1 ash 1041:1043 Bone ash 1036:1043 Bone ash (HApGCF) 1036:1052 In addition, a new bone composite was prepared using the synthesized HAp, Gelatine (G), Chitosan (C), Fibrin (F) and Bone ash (HApGCF) using Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution. 30769044 2 51 theme Klebsiella 365:374 arg1 SM24 387:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 363:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) 363:424 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 2 51 theme Klebsiella 365:374 arg1 bacteria 416:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 5 52 theme Ca 885:886 arg1 presence 873:880 presence 873:880 presence of Ca and P 873:892 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 5 52 theme Ca 885:886 arg1 components 907:916 the major components 897:916 the major components 897:916 The morphological characterization of HAp using FESEM revealed the mesoporous structure and EDX spectrum indicated presence of Ca and P as the major components. 30769044 9 53 theme major 1491:1495 arg1 damage 1502:1507 major bone damage 1491:1507 major bone damage 1491:1507 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 54 theme composite 1460:1468 arg1 replacement 1475:1485 a replacement 1473:1485 a replacement for major bone damage and injury 1473:1518 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 54 theme composite 1460:1468 arg1 application 1433:1443 the in vitro application 1420:1443 the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite 1420:1468 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 9 55 dep in 1424:1425 arg1 vitro 1427:1431 vitro 1427:1431 vitro 1427:1431 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 7 56 theme chemical 1117:1124 arg1 characteristics 1141:1155 chemical and structural characteristics 1117:1155 chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite 1117:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 3 57 theme positive 521:528 arg1 activity 540:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity 507:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 507:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 2 58 dep Klebsiella 365:374 arg1 pneumoniae 376:385 pneumoniae 376:385 pneumoniae 376:385 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 3 59 theme Phosphate 594:602 arg1 Medium 604:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium 552:609 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 3 59 theme Phosphate 594:602 arg1 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 NBRIP 612:616 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 9 60 theme non-toxic 1543:1551 arg1 way 1553:1555 a biocompatible and non-toxic way 1523:1555 a biocompatible and non-toxic way 1523:1555 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 8 61 theme osteoblast 1333:1342 arg1 attachment 1344:1353 osteoblast attachment 1333:1353 osteoblast attachment 1333:1353 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 3 62 theme enzymatic 530:538 arg1 activity 540:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity 507:547 efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 507:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 8 63 theme MG-63 1282:1286 arg1 cells 1288:1292 osteoblast MG-63 cells 1271:1292 osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface 1271:1378 The HApGCF bone composite was tested over osteoblast MG-63 cells showing effective biocompatibility and osteoblast attachment on the composite surface. 30769044 0 64 theme hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone 71:113 arg1 ash 115:117 hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash 71:117 hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash 71:117 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 0 64 theme hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone 71:113 arg1 composite 60:68 its composite 56:68 its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) 56:118 Biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite and its composite (hydroxyapatite-gelatin-chitosan-fibrin-bone ash) for bone tissue engineering applications. 30769044 1 65 contain possessing 225:234 arg1 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite 162:175 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) 162:181 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 1 65 contain possessing 225:234 arg2 properties 252:261 osteoconductive properties 236:261 osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector 236:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 1 65 contain possessing 225:234 arg1 material 216:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material 186:223 a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector 186:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 30769044 4 66 theme group 690:694 arg1 hydroxyapatite 696:709 phosphate group hydroxyapatite 680:709 phosphate group hydroxyapatite 680:709 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 2 67 theme phosphate 393:401 arg1 SM24 387:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 363:390 a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) 363:424 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 2 67 theme phosphate 393:401 arg1 bacteria 416:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 phosphate solubilizing bacteria 393:423 In the present study, synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) using a Klebsiella pneumoniae SM24 (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) isolated from the slaughterhouse. 30769044 4 68 theme XRD 715:717 arg1 spectra 719:725 XRD spectra 715:725 XRD spectra 715:725 Characterization of HAp using FTIR revealed the presence of phosphate group hydroxyapatite and XRD spectra showed polycrystalline nature. 30769044 7 69 theme composite 1172:1180 arg1 characteristics 1141:1155 chemical and structural characteristics 1117:1155 chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite 1117:1180 The confirmation of chemical and structural characteristics of HApGCF bone composite was achieved using FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. 30769044 9 70 theme present 1396:1402 arg1 report 1404:1409 the present report 1392:1409 the present report 1392:1409 Therefore, the present report proposes the in vitro application of HApGCF bone composite as a replacement for major bone damage and injury in a biocompatible and non-toxic way. 30769044 3 71 theme Research 575:582 arg1 Institute 584:592 the National Botanical Research Institute 552:592 the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP) 552:617 HAp synthesized using biological source showed efficient and positive enzymatic activity in the National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate Medium (NBRIP). 30769044 1 72 theme biomedical 282:291 arg1 sector 293:298 the biomedical sector 278:298 the biomedical sector 278:298 Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioactive and biocompatible material possessing osteoconductive properties used widely in the biomedical sector. 31392341 12 0 theme monocyte 1659:1666 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 5 1 theme Yeast 768:772 arg1 glucan 774:779 Yeast glucan 768:779 Yeast glucan 768:779 Yeast glucan or mannan was added at 0.20 g/kg diet. 31392341 14 2 theme salmonella 1951:1960 arg1 challenge 1966:1974 salmonella LPS challenge 1951:1974 salmonella LPS challenge 1951:1974 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 3 3 theme NC 478:479 arg1 [without 482:489 negative control (NC) [without 460:489 ]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation 457:505 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 13 4 theme yeasts 1743:1748 arg1 additives 1750:1758 all yeasts additives 1739:1758 all yeasts additives 1739:1758 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 13 4 theme yeasts 1743:1748 arg1 SAL 1769:1771 SAL 1769:1771 SAL 1769:1771 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 13 4 theme yeasts 1743:1748 arg1 ZNB 1761:1763 ZNB 1761:1763 ZNB 1761:1763 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 12 5 theme white 1626:1630 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 14 6 from effects 1940:1946 arg1 chicks 1987:1992 broiler chicks 1979:1992 broiler chicks 1979:1992 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 12 7 theme cell 1638:1641 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 6 8 theme Zinc 820:823 arg1 ZNB 837:839 ZNB 837:839 ZNB 837:839 Zinc bacitracin (ZNB) and Salinomycin (SAL) was included at 50 and 60 ppm, respectively. 31392341 6 8 theme Zinc 820:823 arg1 bacitracin 825:834 Zinc bacitracin 820:834 Zinc bacitracin (ZNB) 820:840 Zinc bacitracin (ZNB) and Salinomycin (SAL) was included at 50 and 60 ppm, respectively. 31392341 10 9 theme P 1286:1286 arg1 < 1288:1288 P < 0.05 1286:1293 P < 0.05 1286:1293 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 8 10 theme P 1041:1041 arg1 < 1043:1043 P < 0.05 1041:1048 P < 0.05 1041:1048 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 10 11 theme BWG 1300:1302 arg1 uniformity 1320:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity 1296:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds 1296:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 1 12 theme dietary 179:185 arg1 products 193:200 dietary yeast products 179:200 dietary yeast products 179:200 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 12 13 theme NC 1718:1719 arg1 birds 1721:1725 NC birds 1718:1725 NC birds 1718:1725 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 10 14 theme FI 1296:1297 arg1 uniformity 1320:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity 1296:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds 1296:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 3 15 theme whole 524:528 arg1 yeast 530:534 whole yeast 524:534 whole yeast 524:534 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 1 16 theme products 193:200 arg1 effect 169:174 the effect 165:174 the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 165:272 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 8 17 theme body 1051:1054 arg1 BWG 1069:1071 BWG 1069:1071 BWG 1069:1071 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 17 theme body 1051:1054 arg1 gain 1063:1066 body weight gain 1051:1066 body weight gain (BWG) 1051:1072 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 13 18 dep improved 1773:1780 arg1 < 1785:1785 P < 0.05 1783:1790 P < 0.05 1783:1790 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 3 19 theme cell 558:561 arg1 wall 563:566 yeast cell wall 552:566 yeast cell wall 552:566 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 1 20 theme broiler 205:211 arg1 chickens 213:220 broiler chickens 205:220 broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 205:272 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 12 21 theme treatments 1579:1588 arg1 application 1548:1558 application 1548:1558 application of all the dietary treatments 1548:1588 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 10 22 theme FCR 1305:1307 arg1 uniformity 1320:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity 1296:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds 1296:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 7 23 theme P 943:943 arg1 effect 935:940 no effect 932:940 no effect (P > 0.05) 932:951 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 7 23 theme P 943:943 arg1 > 945:945 P > 0.05 943:950 P > 0.05 943:950 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 11 24 theme NC 1427:1428 arg1 group 1430:1434 the NC group 1423:1434 the NC group relative to the PC group 1423:1459 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 10 25 dep improved 1276:1283 arg1 < 1288:1288 P < 0.05 1286:1293 P < 0.05 1286:1293 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 9 26 theme PC 1235:1236 arg1 group 1238:1242 the PC group 1231:1242 the PC group 1231:1242 On days 24 and 35, LPS challenge declined FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity (day 28) in the NC group compared to the PC group. 31392341 13 27 theme broilers 1811:1818 arg1 yield 1802:1806 the meat yield 1793:1806 the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS 1793:1838 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 8 28 dep improved 1031:1038 arg1 < 1043:1043 P < 0.05 1041:1048 P < 0.05 1041:1048 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 29 theme weight 1056:1061 arg1 BWG 1069:1071 BWG 1069:1071 BWG 1069:1071 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 29 theme weight 1056:1061 arg1 gain 1063:1066 body weight gain 1051:1066 body weight gain (BWG) 1051:1072 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 0 30 from Influence 0:8 arg1 chickens 67:74 broiler chickens 59:74 broiler chickens 59:74 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 11 31 theme relative 1436:1443 arg1 group 1430:1434 the NC group 1423:1434 the NC group relative to the PC group 1423:1459 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 4 32 theme Yeast 721:725 arg1 wall 732:735 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall 706:735 wall 732:735 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall was included at 2.0 g/kg diet. 31392341 14 33 with diets 1875:1879 arg1 yeast 1886:1890 yeast 1886:1890 yeast 1886:1890 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 14 33 with diets 1875:1879 arg1 derivatives 1900:1910 its derivatives 1896:1910 its derivatives 1896:1910 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 2 34 dep 6 322:322 arg1 replicates 324:333 replicates 324:333 replicates 324:333 The chicks were divided into 8 treatments with 6 replicates and 9 birds per replicate. 31392341 0 35 theme autolyzed 13:21 arg1 yeast 29:33 autolyzed whole yeast 13:33 autolyzed whole yeast 13:33 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 13 36 theme meat 1797:1800 arg1 yield 1802:1806 the meat yield 1793:1806 the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS 1793:1838 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 3 37 theme positive 392:399 arg1 PC 410:411 PC 410:411 PC 410:411 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 3 37 theme positive 392:399 arg1 control 401:407 a positive control 390:407 a positive control (PC) 390:412 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 4 38 theme 2.0 g/kg 753:760 arg1 diet 762:765 2.0 g/kg diet 753:765 2.0 g/kg diet 753:765 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall was included at 2.0 g/kg diet. 31392341 0 39 theme yeast 29:33 arg1 Influence 0:8 Influence 0:8 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens 0:74 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 9 40 theme LPS 1136:1138 arg1 challenge 1140:1148 LPS challenge 1136:1148 LPS challenge 1136:1148 On days 24 and 35, LPS challenge declined FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity (day 28) in the NC group compared to the PC group. 31392341 11 41 theme spleen 1367:1372 arg1 weight 1374:1379 spleen weight 1367:1379 spleen weight 1367:1379 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 3 42 theme negative 460:467 arg1 [without 482:489 negative control (NC) [without 460:489 ]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation 457:505 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 0 43 theme yeast 39:43 arg1 components 45:54 yeast components 39:54 yeast components 39:54 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 2 44 with birds 341:345 arg1 6 322:322 6 322:322 6 322:322 The chicks were divided into 8 treatments with 6 replicates and 9 birds per replicate. 31392341 11 45 theme bursa 1397:1401 arg1 weight 1403:1408 bursa weight 1397:1408 bursa weight 1397:1408 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 14 46 theme meat 2049:2052 arg1 yield 2054:2058 meat yield 2049:2058 meat yield 2049:2058 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 14 47 theme LPS 1962:1964 arg1 challenge 1966:1974 salmonella LPS challenge 1951:1974 salmonella LPS challenge 1951:1974 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 9 48 theme flock 1177:1181 arg1 day 1195:1197 day 28 1195:1200 day 28 1195:1200 On days 24 and 35, LPS challenge declined FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity (day 28) in the NC group compared to the PC group. 31392341 9 48 theme flock 1177:1181 arg1 uniformity 1183:1192 flock uniformity 1177:1192 flock uniformity (day 28) 1177:1201 On days 24 and 35, LPS challenge declined FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity (day 28) in the NC group compared to the PC group. 31392341 14 49 theme flock 2027:2031 arg1 uniformity 2033:2042 flock uniformity 2027:2042 flock uniformity 2027:2042 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 7 50 contain had 928:930 arg1 treatments 917:926 Dietary treatments 909:926 Dietary treatments 909:926 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 7 50 contain had 928:930 arg2 > 945:945 P > 0.05 943:950 P > 0.05 943:950 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 7 50 contain had 928:930 arg2 effect 935:940 no effect 932:940 no effect (P > 0.05) 932:951 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 14 51 theme negative 1931:1938 arg1 effects 1940:1946 the negative effects 1927:1946 the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks 1927:1992 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 12 52 theme blood 1632:1636 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 7 53 theme feed 956:959 arg1 FI 969:970 FI 969:970 FI 969:970 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 7 53 theme feed 956:959 arg1 intake 961:966 feed intake 956:966 feed intake (FI) at day 10 956:981 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 1 54 theme yeast 187:191 arg1 products 193:200 dietary yeast products 179:200 dietary yeast products 179:200 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 8 55 theme feed 1078:1081 arg1 FCR 1101:1103 FCR 1101:1103 FCR 1101:1103 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 55 theme feed 1078:1081 arg1 ratio 1094:1098 feed conversion ratio 1078:1098 feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1078:1104 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 10 56 theme flock 1314:1318 arg1 uniformity 1320:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity 1296:1329 FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds 1296:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 3 57 theme yeast 552:556 arg1 wall 563:566 yeast cell wall 552:566 yeast cell wall 552:566 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 5 58 theme 0.20 g/kg 804:812 arg1 diet 814:817 0.20 g/kg diet 804:817 0.20 g/kg diet 804:817 Yeast glucan or mannan was added at 0.20 g/kg diet. 31392341 9 59 theme NC 1210:1211 arg1 group 1213:1217 the NC group 1206:1217 the NC group 1206:1217 On days 24 and 35, LPS challenge declined FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity (day 28) in the NC group compared to the PC group. 31392341 12 60 theme birds 1721:1725 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 12 60 theme birds 1721:1725 arg1 albumin 1686:1692 albumin 1686:1692 albumin 1686:1692 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 12 60 theme birds 1721:1725 arg1 G 1713:1713 immunoglobulin G 1698:1713 immunoglobulin G 1698:1713 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 11 61 theme P 1488:1488 arg1 < 1490:1490 P < 0.05 1488:1495 P < 0.05 1488:1495 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 12 62 theme dietary 1571:1577 arg1 treatments 1579:1588 all the dietary treatments 1563:1588 all the dietary treatments 1563:1588 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 7 63 theme Dietary 909:915 arg1 treatments 917:926 Dietary treatments 909:926 Dietary treatments 909:926 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 12 64 theme immunoglobulin 1698:1711 arg1 G 1713:1713 immunoglobulin G 1698:1713 immunoglobulin G 1698:1713 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 0 65 theme broiler 59:65 arg1 chickens 67:74 broiler chickens 59:74 broiler chickens 59:74 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 8 66 theme conversion 1083:1092 arg1 FCR 1101:1103 FCR 1101:1103 FCR 1101:1103 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 66 theme conversion 1083:1092 arg1 ratio 1094:1098 feed conversion ratio 1078:1098 feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1078:1104 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 1 67 theme study 145:149 arg1 objective 127:135 The objective 123:135 The objective of this study 123:149 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 14 68 theme diets 1875:1879 arg1 supplementation 1856:1870 supplementation 1856:1870 supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives 1856:1910 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 1 69 from effect 169:174 arg1 chickens 213:220 broiler chickens 205:220 broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 205:272 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 11 70 theme PC 1452:1453 arg1 group 1455:1459 the PC group 1448:1459 the PC group 1448:1459 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 0 71 theme salmonella 92:101 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 103:120 salmonella lipopolysaccharide 92:120 salmonella lipopolysaccharide 92:120 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 2 72 with treatments 306:315 arg1 6 322:322 6 322:322 6 322:322 The chicks were divided into 8 treatments with 6 replicates and 9 birds per replicate. 31392341 8 73 with Supplementation 984:998 arg1 yeast 1005:1009 yeast 1005:1009 yeast 1005:1009 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 8 73 with Supplementation 984:998 arg1 derivatives 1019:1029 its derivatives 1015:1029 its derivatives 1015:1029 Supplementation with yeast and its derivatives improved (P < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on day 10. 31392341 4 74 theme Whole 706:710 arg1 yeast 712:716 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall 706:735 yeast 712:716 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall was included at 2.0 g/kg diet. 31392341 11 75 dep reversed 1478:1485 arg1 < 1490:1490 P < 0.05 1488:1495 P < 0.05 1488:1495 On day 24, spleen weight increased while bursa weight decreased in the NC group relative to the PC group; this effect was reversed (P < 0.05) by feeding all yeasts and antibiotics. 31392341 3 76 theme [without 414:421 arg1 supplementation 423:437 a positive control (PC) [without supplementation 390:437 a positive control (PC) [without supplementation 390:437 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 3 77 theme yeast 613:617 arg1 mannan 619:624 yeast mannan 613:624 yeast mannan 613:624 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 0 78 theme whole 23:27 arg1 yeast 29:33 autolyzed whole yeast 13:33 autolyzed whole yeast 13:33 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 3 79 theme yeast 584:588 arg1 glucan 590:595 yeast glucan 584:595 yeast glucan 584:595 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 0 80 theme components 45:54 arg1 Influence 0:8 Influence 0:8 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens 0:74 Influence of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast components on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide. 31392341 13 81 theme P 1783:1783 arg1 < 1785:1785 P < 0.05 1783:1790 P < 0.05 1783:1790 On day 35, all yeasts additives, ZNB and SAL improved (P < 0.05) the meat yield of broilers challenged with LPS. 31392341 10 82 from uniformity 1320:1329 arg1 birds 1349:1353 LPS-challenged birds 1334:1353 LPS-challenged birds 1334:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 7 83 from day 976:978 arg1 FI 969:970 FI 969:970 FI 969:970 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 7 83 from day 976:978 arg1 intake 961:966 feed intake 956:966 feed intake (FI) at day 10 956:981 Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake (FI) at day 10. 31392341 10 84 theme Yeast 1245:1249 arg1 products 1251:1258 Yeast products 1245:1258 Yeast products 1245:1258 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 12 85 located observed 1614:1621 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 12 85 located observed 1614:1621 arg2 changes 1606:1612 the changes 1602:1612 the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds 1602:1725 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 12 85 located observed 1614:1621 arg1 albumin 1686:1692 albumin 1686:1692 albumin 1686:1692 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 3 86 theme control 469:475 arg1 [without 482:489 negative control (NC) [without 460:489 ]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation 457:505 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 4 87 theme cell 727:730 arg1 wall 732:735 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall 706:735 wall 732:735 Whole yeast or Yeast cell wall was included at 2.0 g/kg diet. 31392341 14 88 theme broiler 1979:1985 arg1 chicks 1987:1992 broiler chicks 1979:1992 broiler chicks 1979:1992 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 12 89 theme lymphocyte 1644:1653 arg1 counts 1668:1673 white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts 1626:1673 counts 1668:1673 On day 24, application of all the dietary treatments ameliorated the changes observed in white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as albumin and immunoglobulin G of NC birds. 31392341 10 90 theme LPS-challenged 1334:1347 arg1 birds 1349:1353 LPS-challenged birds 1334:1353 LPS-challenged birds 1334:1353 Yeast products and antibiotics improved (P < 0.05) FI, BWG, FCR, and flock uniformity in LPS-challenged birds. 31392341 3 91 theme zinc 642:645 arg1 bacitracin 647:656 zinc bacitracin 642:656 zinc bacitracin 642:656 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 14 92 theme challenge 1966:1974 arg1 effects 1940:1946 the negative effects 1927:1946 the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks 1927:1992 In conclusion, supplementation of diets with yeast and its derivatives can ameliorate the negative effects of salmonella LPS challenge on broiler chicks, thus improving the performance, flock uniformity, and meat yield. 31392341 3 93 theme [without 482:489 arg1 supplementation 491:505 ]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation 457:505 ]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation 457:505 The treatments consisted of a positive control (PC) [without supplementation and not challenged]; negative control (NC) [without supplementation but challenged]; whole yeast and challenged; yeast cell wall and challenged; yeast glucan and challenged; yeast mannan and challenged; zinc bacitracin and challenged; and Salinomycin and challenged. 31392341 1 94 theme salmonella 238:247 arg1 LPS 269:271 LPS 269:271 LPS 269:271 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31392341 1 94 theme salmonella 238:247 arg1 lipopolysaccharide 249:266 salmonella lipopolysaccharide 238:266 salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 238:272 The objective of this study was to assess the effect of dietary yeast products on broiler chickens challenged with salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS). 31355147 9 0 theme LacNAc 1724:1729 arg1 characteristic 1736:1749 a characteristic 1734:1749 a characteristic of GC 1734:1755 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 0 theme LacNAc 1724:1729 arg1 expression 1710:1719 the aberrant expression 1697:1719 the aberrant expression of LacNAc 1697:1729 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 2 1 theme integrated 275:284 arg1 strategy 286:293 an integrated strategy 272:293 an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry 272:351 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 5 2 theme p 1122:1122 arg1 stage 1104:1108 stage II and III 1104:1119 stage 1104:1108 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 2 theme p 1122:1122 arg1 < 1124:1124 p < 0.05 1122:1129 p < 0.05 1122:1129 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 6 3 with sample 1314:1319 arg1 stage 1335:1339 advanced stage 1326:1339 advanced stage 1326:1339 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 31355147 1 4 theme transformation 186:199 arg1 feature 160:166 a feature 158:166 a feature of malignant cell transformation 158:199 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 1 4 theme transformation 186:199 arg1 glycosylation 132:144 Aberrant glycosylation 123:144 Aberrant glycosylation 123:144 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 2 5 theme lectin 309:314 arg1 microarrays 316:326 the lectin microarrays 305:326 the lectin microarrays 305:326 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 7 6 dep 1625.605 1442:1449 arg1 e.g. 1432:1435 e.g. 1432:1435 e.g. 1432:1435 Moreover, there were 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage. 31355147 3 7 theme lectin-mediated 546:560 arg1 glycoproteins 579:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 2 8 theme patients 522:529 arg1 sets 508:511 matched tissue sets 493:511 matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 493:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 8 theme patients 522:529 arg1 patients 522:529 46 GC patients 516:529 46 GC patients 516:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 5 9 from III 1117:1119 arg1 patients 1092:1099 patients 1092:1099 patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1092:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 1 10 theme important 220:228 arg1 role 230:233 an important role 217:233 an important role 217:233 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 4 11 dep 10 761:762 arg1 MAL-I 776:780 MAL-I 776:780 MAL-I 776:780 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 11 dep 10 761:762 arg1 ConA 787:790 ConA 787:790 ConA 787:790 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 11 dep 10 761:762 arg1 ACA 771:773 ACA 771:773 ACA 771:773 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 5 12 theme lymph 1163:1167 arg1 node 1169:1172 lymph node 1163:1172 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 2 13 theme present 257:263 arg1 study 265:269 the present study 253:269 the present study 253:269 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 8 14 theme sialylated 1617:1626 arg1 N-glycans 1628:1636 sialylated N-glycans 1617:1636 sialylated N-glycans 1617:1636 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 2 15 theme matched 493:499 arg1 sets 508:511 matched tissue sets 493:511 matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 493:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 15 theme matched 493:499 arg1 patients 522:529 46 GC patients 516:529 46 GC patients 516:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 5 16 theme positive 1174:1181 arg1 cases 1189:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 4 17 dep ACA 771:773 arg1 e.g. 765:768 e.g. 765:768 e.g. 765:768 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 8 18 mod modified 1557:1564 arg3 fucose 1586:1591 fucose 1586:1591 fucose 1586:1591 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 8 18 mod modified 1557:1564 arg1 N-glycans 1542:1550 six N-glycans 1538:1550 six N-glycans 1538:1550 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 8 18 mod modified 1557:1564 arg3 acid 1578:1581 sialic acid 1571:1581 sialic acid 1571:1581 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 1 19 theme malignant 171:179 arg1 transformation 186:199 malignant cell transformation 171:199 malignant cell transformation 171:199 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 7 20 theme m/z 1438:1440 arg1 1625.605 1442:1449 m/z 1625.605 1438:1449 m/z 1625.605 1438:1449 Moreover, there were 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage. 31355147 0 21 theme Gastric 104:110 arg1 Carcinoma 112:120 Gastric Carcinoma 104:120 Gastric Carcinoma 104:120 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 4 22 theme corresponding 902:914 arg1 controls 916:923 their corresponding controls 896:923 their corresponding controls 896:923 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 5 23 theme lymph 1210:1214 arg1 node 1216:1219 lymph node 1210:1219 lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05) 1210:1251 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 24 theme GC 1055:1056 arg1 cells 1058:1062 GC cells 1055:1062 GC cells (p < 0.001) 1055:1074 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 24 theme GC 1055:1056 arg1 < 1067:1067 p < 0.001 1065:1073 p < 0.001 1065:1073 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 25 theme negative 1221:1228 arg1 cases 1236:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases 1210:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05) 1210:1251 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 25 theme negative 1221:1228 arg1 < 1245:1245 p < 0.05 1243:1250 p < 0.05 1243:1250 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 0 26 theme Integrated 0:9 arg1 Strategy 19:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy 0:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc 0:66 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 7 27 theme neo-LacNAc-contained 1400:1419 arg1 N-glycans 1421:1429 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans 1397:1429 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage 1397:1522 Moreover, there were 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage. 31355147 1 28 theme Aberrant 123:130 arg1 feature 160:166 a feature 158:166 a feature of malignant cell transformation 158:199 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 1 28 theme Aberrant 123:130 arg1 glycosylation 132:144 Aberrant glycosylation 123:144 Aberrant glycosylation 123:144 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 2 29 theme resected 463:470 arg1 specimens 478:486 resected tumor specimens 463:486 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 30 theme gastric 421:427 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 3 31 theme precise 648:654 arg1 information 667:677 precise structural information 648:677 precise structural information of the altered glycans 648:700 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 0 32 theme Aberrant 52:59 arg1 LacNAc 61:66 Aberrant LacNAc 52:66 Aberrant LacNAc 52:66 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 2 33 from glycopatterns 404:416 arg1 sets 508:511 matched tissue sets 493:511 matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 493:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 33 from glycopatterns 404:416 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 33 from glycopatterns 404:416 arg1 specimens 478:486 resected tumor specimens 463:486 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 33 from glycopatterns 404:416 arg1 patients 522:529 46 GC patients 516:529 46 GC patients 516:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 3 34 theme glycans 694:700 arg1 information 667:677 precise structural information 648:677 precise structural information of the altered glycans 648:700 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 2 35 theme lectin 332:337 arg1 cytochemistry 339:351 lectin cytochemistry 332:351 lectin cytochemistry 332:351 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 6 36 theme corresponding 1353:1365 arg1 control 1367:1373 corresponding control 1353:1373 corresponding control 1353:1373 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 31355147 9 37 theme aberrant 1701:1708 arg1 characteristic 1736:1749 a characteristic 1734:1749 a characteristic of GC 1734:1755 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 37 theme aberrant 1701:1708 arg1 expression 1710:1719 the aberrant expression 1697:1719 the aberrant expression of LacNAc 1697:1729 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 38 theme GC 1754:1755 arg1 characteristic 1736:1749 a characteristic 1734:1749 a characteristic of GC 1734:1755 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 38 theme GC 1754:1755 arg1 expression 1710:1719 the aberrant expression 1697:1719 the aberrant expression of LacNAc 1697:1729 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 6 39 theme LacNAc 1259:1264 arg1 N-glycans 1276:1284 More LacNAc contained N-glycans 1254:1284 More LacNAc contained N-glycans 1254:1284 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 31355147 5 40 theme relative 953:960 arg1 abundance 962:970 the relative abundance 949:970 the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I 949:1017 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 41 theme p 1243:1243 arg1 cases 1236:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases 1210:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05) 1210:1251 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 41 theme p 1243:1243 arg1 < 1245:1245 p < 0.05 1243:1250 p < 0.05 1243:1250 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 6 42 theme advanced 1326:1333 arg1 stage 1335:1339 advanced stage 1326:1339 advanced stage 1326:1339 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 31355147 5 43 from increase 1151:1158 arg1 tissue 1080:1085 tissue 1080:1085 tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1080:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 43 from increase 1151:1158 arg1 cells 1058:1062 GC cells 1055:1062 GC cells (p < 0.001) 1055:1074 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 43 from increase 1151:1158 arg1 < 1067:1067 p < 0.001 1065:1073 p < 0.001 1065:1073 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 43 from increase 1151:1158 arg1 cases 1189:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 43 from increase 1151:1158 arg1 patients 1092:1099 patients 1092:1099 patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1092:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 44 from stage 1104:1108 arg1 patients 1092:1099 patients 1092:1099 patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1092:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 1 45 theme cell 181:184 arg1 transformation 186:199 malignant cell transformation 171:199 malignant cell transformation 171:199 Aberrant glycosylation is not only a feature of malignant cell transformation, but also plays an important role in metastasis. 31355147 10 46 theme GC 1925:1926 arg1 development 1910:1920 the development 1906:1920 the development of GC 1906:1926 Our findings provided useful information for us to understand the development of GC. 31355147 5 47 from patients 1092:1099 arg1 tissue 1080:1085 tissue 1080:1085 tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1080:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 47 from patients 1092:1099 arg1 increase 1043:1050 a significant increase 1029:1050 a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1029:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 47 from patients 1092:1099 arg1 increase 1151:1158 a significant increase 1137:1158 a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases 1137:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 47 from patients 1092:1099 arg1 < 1067:1067 p < 0.001 1065:1073 p < 0.001 1065:1073 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 47 from patients 1092:1099 arg1 cells 1058:1062 GC cells 1055:1062 GC cells (p < 0.001) 1055:1074 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 3 48 theme affinity 562:569 arg1 glycoproteins 579:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 7 49 theme GC 1494:1495 arg1 tissue 1497:1502 GC tissue 1494:1502 GC tissue 1494:1502 Moreover, there were 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage. 31355147 8 50 theme sialic 1571:1576 arg1 acid 1578:1581 sialic acid 1571:1581 sialic acid 1571:1581 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 4 51 dep lectins 799:805 arg1 MAL-I 813:817 MAL-I 813:817 MAL-I 813:817 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 51 dep lectins 799:805 arg1 VVA 824:826 VVA 824:826 VVA 824:826 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 51 dep lectins 799:805 arg1 PNA 808:810 PNA 808:810 PNA 808:810 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 51 dep lectins 799:805 arg1 lectins 799:805 3 lectins 797:805 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) 797:827 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 3 52 theme capture 571:577 arg1 glycoproteins 579:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 4 53 theme GC 864:865 arg1 cells 867:871 GC cells 864:871 GC cells 864:871 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 2 54 theme GC 519:520 arg1 patients 522:529 46 GC patients 516:529 46 GC patients 516:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 3 55 gly glycoproteins 579:591 arg1 glycoproteins 579:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins 546:591 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 5 56 theme significant 1031:1041 arg1 increase 1043:1050 a significant increase 1029:1050 a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1029:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 2 57 from sets 508:511 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 57 from sets 508:511 arg1 glycopatterns 404:416 the altered glycopatterns 392:416 the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 392:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 57 from sets 508:511 arg1 specimens 478:486 resected tumor specimens 463:486 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 4 58 from variations 850:859 arg1 cells 867:871 GC cells 864:871 GC cells 864:871 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 4 58 from variations 850:859 arg1 tissue 877:882 tissue 877:882 tissue 877:882 According to the results, the glycopatterns recognized by 10 (e.g., ACA, MAL-I, and ConA) and 3 lectins (PNA, MAL-I, and VVA) showed significantly variations in GC cells and tissue compared to their corresponding controls, respectively. 31355147 9 59 mod modified 1807:1814 arg1 scaffold 1784:1791 a scaffold 1782:1791 a scaffold 1782:1791 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 59 mod modified 1807:1814 arg1 LacNAc 1762:1767 LacNAc 1762:1767 LacNAc 1762:1767 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 59 mod modified 1807:1814 arg3 acid 1828:1831 sialic acid 1821:1831 sialic acid 1821:1831 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 9 59 mod modified 1807:1814 arg3 fucose 1836:1841 fucose 1836:1841 fucose 1836:1841 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 5 60 theme node 1169:1172 arg1 cases 1189:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 61 theme p 1065:1065 arg1 cells 1058:1062 GC cells 1055:1062 GC cells (p < 0.001) 1055:1074 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 61 theme p 1065:1065 arg1 < 1067:1067 p < 0.001 1065:1073 p < 0.001 1065:1073 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 2 62 theme tumor 472:476 arg1 specimens 478:486 resected tumor specimens 463:486 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 9 63 theme sialic 1821:1826 arg1 acid 1828:1831 sialic acid 1821:1831 sialic acid 1821:1831 Our results revealed that the aberrant expression of LacNAc is a characteristic of GC, and LacNAc may serve as a scaffold to be further modified with sialic acid or fucose. 31355147 5 64 theme significant 1139:1149 arg1 increase 1151:1158 a significant increase 1137:1158 a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases 1137:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 8 65 theme lewis 1641:1645 arg1 antigens 1647:1654 lewis antigens 1641:1654 lewis antigens 1641:1654 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 8 66 gly sialylated 1617:1626 arg1 N-glycans 1628:1636 sialylated N-glycans 1617:1636 sialylated N-glycans 1617:1636 Among these, six N-glycans were modified with sialic acid or fucose based on LacNAc to form sialylated N-glycans or lewis antigens, respectively. 31355147 2 67 theme tissue 501:506 arg1 sets 508:511 matched tissue sets 493:511 matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 493:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 2 67 theme tissue 501:506 arg1 patients 522:529 46 GC patients 516:529 46 GC patients 516:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 5 68 theme node 1216:1219 arg1 cases 1236:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases 1210:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05) 1210:1251 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 68 theme node 1216:1219 arg1 < 1245:1245 p < 0.05 1243:1250 p < 0.05 1243:1250 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 2 69 theme altered 396:402 arg1 glycopatterns 404:416 the altered glycopatterns 392:416 the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 392:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 0 70 theme Glycome 11:17 arg1 Strategy 19:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy 0:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc 0:66 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 2 71 theme cell 441:444 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 5 72 theme tumor 1183:1187 arg1 cases 1189:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 73 from increase 1043:1050 arg1 tissue 1080:1085 tissue 1080:1085 tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1080:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 73 from increase 1043:1050 arg1 cells 1058:1062 GC cells 1055:1062 GC cells (p < 0.001) 1055:1074 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 73 from increase 1043:1050 arg1 < 1067:1067 p < 0.001 1065:1073 p < 0.001 1065:1073 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 73 from increase 1043:1050 arg1 cases 1189:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 lymph node positive tumor cases 1163:1193 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 73 from increase 1043:1050 arg1 patients 1092:1099 patients 1092:1099 patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05) 1092:1130 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 6 74 dep LacNAc 1259:1264 arg1 contained 1266:1274 contained 1266:1274 contained 1266:1274 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 31355147 2 75 theme GC 437:438 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 3 76 theme structural 656:665 arg1 information 667:677 precise structural information 648:677 precise structural information of the altered glycans 648:700 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 2 77 theme cancer 429:434 arg1 lines 446:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines 421:450 gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients 421:529 In the present study, an integrated strategy combining the lectin microarrays and lectin cytochemistry was employed to investigate and verify the altered glycopatterns in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines as well as resected tumor specimens from matched tissue sets of 46 GC patients. 31355147 7 78 theme advanced 1509:1516 arg1 stage 1518:1522 advanced stage 1509:1522 advanced stage 1509:1522 Moreover, there were 10 neo-LacNAc-contained N-glycans (e.g., m/z 1625.605, 1803.652, and 1914.671) only presented in GC tissue with advanced stage. 31355147 0 79 theme LacNAc 61:66 arg1 Characterization 32:47 Characterization 32:47 Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc 32:66 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 5 80 theme Galβ-1,4GlcNAc 975:988 arg1 abundance 962:970 the relative abundance 949:970 the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I 949:1017 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 3 81 theme altered 686:692 arg1 glycans 694:700 the altered glycans 682:700 the altered glycans 682:700 Subsequently, lectin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS were employed to further acquire precise structural information of the altered glycans. 31355147 5 82 theme tumor 1230:1234 arg1 cases 1236:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases 1210:1240 lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05) 1210:1251 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 5 82 theme tumor 1230:1234 arg1 < 1245:1245 p < 0.05 1243:1250 p < 0.05 1243:1250 Notably, the relative abundance of Galβ-1,4GlcNAc (LacNAc) recognized by MAL-I exhibited a significant increase in GC cells (p < 0.001) and tissue from patients at stage II and III (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in lymph node positive tumor cases, compared with lymph node negative tumor cases (p < 0.05). 31355147 10 83 theme useful 1866:1871 arg1 information 1873:1883 useful information 1866:1883 useful information for us to understand the development of GC 1866:1926 Our findings provided useful information for us to understand the development of GC. 31355147 0 84 contain Contained 68:76 arg1 Strategy 19:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy 0:26 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc 0:66 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 0 84 contain Contained 68:76 arg2 N-Glycans 78:86 N-Glycans 78:86 N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma 78:120 Integrated Glycome Strategy for Characterization of Aberrant LacNAc Contained N-Glycans Associated With Gastric Carcinoma. 31355147 6 85 theme tumor 1308:1312 arg1 sample 1314:1319 tumor sample 1308:1319 tumor sample with advanced stage 1308:1339 More LacNAc contained N-glycans were characterized in tumor sample with advanced stage compared to corresponding control. 33654899 7 0 theme cell 946:949 arg1 mutants 965:971 cell wall relevant mutants 946:971 cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability 946:1043 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 1 theme individual 861:870 arg1 polymers 882:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 5 2 theme cellulose 735:743 arg1 measurement 720:730 measurement 720:730 measurement of cellulose 720:743 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 2 theme cellulose 735:743 arg1 extraction 685:694 sequential extraction 674:694 sequential extraction of polysaccharides 674:713 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 2 theme cellulose 735:743 arg1 preparation 639:649 preparation 639:649 preparation of cell wall residues 639:671 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 3 3 theme plant 350:354 arg1 growth 356:361 plant growth 350:361 plant growth 350:361 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 4 4 theme important 472:480 arg1 internodes/culms 451:466 internodes/culms 451:466 internodes/culms 451:466 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 4 4 theme important 472:480 arg1 organ 482:486 an important organ 469:486 an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants 469:532 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 2 5 theme physicochemical 282:296 arg1 properties 298:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. 33654899 5 6 theme residues 664:671 arg1 measurement 720:730 measurement 720:730 measurement of cellulose 720:743 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 6 theme residues 664:671 arg1 extraction 685:694 sequential extraction 674:694 sequential extraction of polysaccharides 674:713 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 6 theme residues 664:671 arg1 preparation 639:649 preparation 639:649 preparation of cell wall residues 639:671 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 1 7 theme plant 52:56 arg1 wall 63:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 1 7 theme plant 52:56 arg1 network 85:91 a complicated network 71:91 a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin 71:182 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 2 8 theme flexible 273:280 arg1 properties 298:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. 33654899 4 9 theme experimental 541:552 arg1 sample 554:559 an experimental sample 538:559 an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis 538:616 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 4 9 theme experimental 541:552 arg1 internodes/culms 451:466 internodes/culms 451:466 internodes/culms 451:466 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 3 10 theme wall 342:345 arg1 significance 321:332 the significance 317:332 the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development 317:377 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 6 11 theme acetate 764:770 arg1 examination 772:782 acetate examination 764:782 acetate examination 764:782 The procedure for acetate examination is also described. 33654899 1 12 theme cell 58:61 arg1 wall 63:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 1 12 theme cell 58:61 arg1 network 85:91 a complicated network 71:91 a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin 71:182 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 7 13 theme acetates 908:915 arg1 composition 846:856 the composition 842:856 the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates 842:915 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 5 14 theme polysaccharides 699:713 arg1 measurement 720:730 measurement 720:730 measurement of cellulose 720:743 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 14 theme polysaccharides 699:713 arg1 extraction 685:694 sequential extraction 674:694 sequential extraction of polysaccharides 674:713 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 5 14 theme polysaccharides 699:713 arg1 preparation 639:649 preparation 639:649 preparation of cell wall residues 639:671 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 0 15 theme Wall 5:8 arg1 Analysis 24:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis 0:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 0:46 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 33654899 0 16 theme Cell 0:3 arg1 Analysis 24:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis 0:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 0:46 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 33654899 4 17 theme rice 522:525 arg1 plants 527:532 rice plants 522:532 rice plants 522:532 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 5 18 theme wall 659:662 arg1 residues 664:671 cell wall residues 654:671 cell wall residues 654:671 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 7 19 theme modifier 899:906 arg1 acetates 908:915 the modifier acetates 895:915 the modifier acetates 895:915 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 1 20 theme complicated 73:83 arg1 wall 63:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall 48:66 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 1 20 theme complicated 73:83 arg1 network 85:91 a complicated network 71:91 a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin 71:182 The plant cell wall is a complicated network that is mainly constituted of polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. 33654899 4 21 theme cell 587:590 arg1 analysis 609:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 0 22 theme Compositional 10:22 arg1 Analysis 24:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis 0:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 0:46 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 33654899 2 23 theme polymers 264:271 arg1 properties 298:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 these polymers flexible physicochemical properties 258:307 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. 33654899 0 24 theme Rice 36:39 arg1 Culms 41:45 Rice Culms 36:45 Rice Culms 36:45 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 33654899 3 25 theme long 427:430 arg1 time 432:435 a long time 425:435 a long time 425:435 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 4 26 theme composition 597:607 arg1 analysis 609:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 4 27 dep organ 482:486 arg1 provide 491:497 provide 491:497 to provide mechanical support for rice plants 488:532 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 5 28 theme sequential 674:683 arg1 extraction 685:694 sequential extraction 674:694 sequential extraction of polysaccharides 674:713 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 4 29 theme wall 592:595 arg1 analysis 609:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 cell wall composition analysis 587:616 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 3 30 theme analytic 384:391 arg1 platform 393:400 the analytic platform 380:400 the analytic platform 380:400 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 3 30 theme analytic 384:391 arg1 focus 415:419 the focus 411:419 the focus for a long time 411:435 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 7 31 theme high 1000:1003 arg1 throughput 1005:1014 high throughput 1000:1014 high throughput 1000:1014 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 0 32 theme Culms 41:45 arg1 Analysis 24:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis 0:31 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 0:46 Cell Wall Compositional Analysis of Rice Culms. 33654899 2 33 theme Many 185:188 arg1 polysaccharides 204:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides 185:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides 185:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. 33654899 2 34 theme noncellulosic 190:202 arg1 polysaccharides 204:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides 185:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides 185:218 Many noncellulosic polysaccharides are further acetylated, which confers these polymers flexible physicochemical properties. 33654899 7 35 theme polymers 882:889 arg1 composition 846:856 the composition 842:856 the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates 842:915 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 4 36 theme mechanical 499:508 arg1 support 510:516 mechanical support 499:516 mechanical support for rice plants 499:532 Here, we use internodes/culms, an important organ to provide mechanical support for rice plants, as an experimental sample to explore the method for cell wall composition analysis. 33654899 3 37 from significance 321:332 arg1 development 367:377 development 367:377 development 367:377 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 3 37 from significance 321:332 arg1 growth 356:361 plant growth 350:361 plant growth 350:361 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 33654899 7 38 from advantages 986:995 arg1 precision 1017:1025 precision 1017:1025 precision 1017:1025 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 38 from advantages 986:995 arg1 throughput 1005:1014 high throughput 1000:1014 high throughput 1000:1014 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 38 from advantages 986:995 arg1 repeatability 1031:1043 repeatability 1031:1043 repeatability 1031:1043 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 5 39 theme cell 654:657 arg1 residues 664:671 cell wall residues 654:671 cell wall residues 654:671 The method includes preparation of cell wall residues, sequential extraction of polysaccharides, and measurement of cellulose. 33654899 7 40 theme wall 951:954 arg1 mutants 965:971 cell wall relevant mutants 946:971 cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability 946:1043 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 41 theme cell 872:875 arg1 polymers 882:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 42 theme relevant 956:963 arg1 mutants 965:971 cell wall relevant mutants 946:971 cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability 946:1043 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 7 43 theme wall 877:880 arg1 polymers 882:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 individual cell wall polymers 861:889 This method is applicable to determine the composition of individual cell wall polymers and the modifier acetates, and is suitable to identify cell wall relevant mutants based on the advantages in high throughput, precision and repeatability. 33654899 3 44 theme cell 337:340 arg1 wall 342:345 cell wall 337:345 cell wall 337:345 Due to the significance of cell wall in plant growth and development, the analytic platform has been the focus for a long time. 30597375 18 0 theme Er 1713:1714 arg1 irradiation 1726:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 1 from release 381:387 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 1 from release 381:387 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 7 2 theme 12 778:779 arg1 months 781:786 24 h, 6 and 12 months 766:786 months 781:786 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 16 3 theme Dry 1460:1462 arg1 loss 1469:1472 Dry mass loss 1460:1472 Dry mass loss 1460:1472 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 18 4 theme storage 1704:1710 arg1 months 1688:1693 6 months 1686:1693 6 months of water storage 1686:1710 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 5 theme carious 228:234 arg1 lesion 236:241 carious lesion 228:241 carious lesion 228:241 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 16 6 theme mass 1464:1467 arg1 loss 1469:1472 Dry mass loss 1460:1472 Dry mass loss 1460:1472 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 7 7 theme 24 h 766:769 arg1 months 781:786 24 h, 6 and 12 months 766:786 months 781:786 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 18 8 theme YAG 1716:1718 arg1 irradiation 1726:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 0 9 theme dentin 111:116 arg1 bond 118:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 1 10 theme adhesive 328:335 arg1 interface 337:345 adhesive interface 328:345 adhesive interface 328:345 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 3 11 theme caries 498:503 arg1 method 513:518 caries removal method 498:518 caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser 498:539 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 18 12 theme mass 1850:1853 arg1 loss 1855:1858 dry mass loss 1846:1858 dry mass loss 1846:1858 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 13 theme Er 190:191 arg1 effect 180:185 the effect 176:185 the effect of Er 176:191 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 13 14 dep similar 1240:1246 arg1 p = 0.432 1249:1257 p = 0.432 1249:1257 p = 0.432 1249:1257 After 6 months, methods were similar (p = 0.432). 30597375 1 15 theme mass 352:355 arg1 loss 357:360 dry mass loss 348:360 dry mass loss 348:360 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 16 from interface 337:345 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 16 from interface 337:345 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 4 17 theme 2.5 646:648 arg1 % 649:649 % 649:649 % 649:649 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 18 18 theme water 1698:1702 arg1 storage 1704:1710 water storage 1698:1710 water storage 1698:1710 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 16 19 theme removal 1531:1537 arg1 method 1539:1544 caries removal method 1524:1544 caries removal method 1524:1544 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 14 20 theme µTBS 1321:1324 arg1 p = 0.025 1334:1342 p = 0.025 1334:1342 p = 0.025 1334:1342 After 12 months, laser-irradiated dentin showed the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025). 30597375 14 20 theme µTBS 1321:1324 arg1 values 1326:1331 the highest µTBS values 1309:1331 the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025) 1309:1343 After 12 months, laser-irradiated dentin showed the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025). 30597375 4 21 theme dentin 606:611 arg1 chitosan 633:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 10 22 theme HYP 1036:1038 arg1 n = 7 1049:1053 n = 7 1049:1053 n = 7 1049:1053 HYP release (n = 7) was evaluated by ELISA. 30597375 10 22 theme HYP 1036:1038 arg1 release 1040:1046 HYP release 1036:1046 HYP release (n = 7) 1036:1054 HYP release (n = 7) was evaluated by ELISA. 30597375 0 23 theme chitosan 39:46 arg1 biomodification 48:62 chitosan biomodification 39:62 chitosan biomodification 39:62 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 0 24 theme Er 10:11 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 0:122 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 7 25 theme interface 857:865 arg1 n = 10 824:829 n = 10 824:829 n = 10 824:829 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 7 25 theme interface 857:865 arg1 analysis 836:843 analysis 836:843 analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3) 836:880 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 7 25 theme interface 857:865 arg1 test 818:821 μTBS test 813:821 μTBS test (n = 10) 813:830 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 18 26 theme resin-dentin 1804:1815 arg1 bonds 1817:1821 the resin-dentin bonds 1800:1821 the resin-dentin bonds 1800:1821 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 27 from loss 357:360 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 27 from loss 357:360 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 28 theme bond 306:309 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 28 theme bond 306:309 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 8 29 theme other 887:891 arg1 blocks 896:901 The other 28 blocks 883:901 The other 28 blocks 883:901 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 3 30 dep method 513:518 arg1 Er 528:529 Er 528:529 Er 528:529 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 3 30 dep method 513:518 arg1 laser 535:539 YAG laser 531:539 caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser 498:539 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 3 30 dep method 513:518 arg1 bur 521:523 bur 521:523 bur 521:523 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 15 31 theme adhesive 1440:1447 arg1 interface 1449:1457 adhesive interface 1440:1457 adhesive interface 1440:1457 Chitosan promoted higher µTBS values after 6 (p = 0.011) and 12 months (p < 0.001) preserving adhesive interface. 30597375 17 32 theme bond 1591:1594 arg1 strength 1596:1603 The bond strength 1587:1603 The bond strength to demineralized dentin 1587:1627 CONCLUSION The bond strength to demineralized dentin reduced over 50% in all groups after water storage. 30597375 2 33 theme dentin 450:455 arg1 blocks 457:462 104 bovine dentin blocks 439:462 104 bovine dentin blocks 439:462 METHODS Artificial lesions were created in 104 bovine dentin blocks. 30597375 0 34 from irradiation 23:33 arg1 stability 71:79 the stability 67:79 the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 67:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 5 35 theme Composite 661:669 arg1 restorations 677:688 Composite resin restorations 661:688 Composite resin restorations 661:688 Composite resin restorations were performed. 30597375 1 36 theme lesion 236:241 arg1 removal 217:223 selective removal 207:223 selective removal of carious lesion 207:241 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 12 37 dep RESULTS 1143:1149 arg1 found 1184:1188 found 1184:1188 was found for bur (p < 0.001) 1180:1208 RESULTS After 24 h, the highest µTBS was found for bur (p < 0.001). 30597375 17 38 dep CONCLUSION 1576:1585 arg1 reduced 1629:1635 reduced 1629:1635 reduced over 50% in all groups after water storage 1629:1678 CONCLUSION The bond strength to demineralized dentin reduced over 50% in all groups after water storage. 30597375 8 39 theme initial 933:939 arg1 mass 945:948 initial dry mass 933:948 initial dry mass (DM) 933:953 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 8 39 theme initial 933:939 arg1 DM 951:952 DM 951:952 DM 951:952 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 0 40 theme YAG 13:15 arg1 irradiation 23:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 3 41 theme YAG 531:533 arg1 laser 535:539 YAG laser 531:539 caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser 498:539 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 7 42 theme μTBS 813:816 arg1 n = 10 824:829 n = 10 824:829 n = 10 824:829 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 7 42 theme μTBS 813:816 arg1 test 818:821 μTBS test 813:821 μTBS test (n = 10) 813:830 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 15 43 theme µTBS 1371:1374 arg1 values 1376:1381 higher µTBS values 1364:1381 higher µTBS values 1364:1381 Chitosan promoted higher µTBS values after 6 (p = 0.011) and 12 months (p < 0.001) preserving adhesive interface. 30597375 4 44 dep etched 571:576 arg1 acid 566:569 acid 566:569 acid 566:569 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 1 45 theme selective 207:215 arg1 removal 217:223 selective removal 207:223 selective removal of carious lesion 207:241 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 18 46 with biomodification 1742:1756 arg1 chitosan 1763:1770 chitosan 1763:1770 chitosan 1763:1770 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 47 from biomodification 256:270 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 47 from biomodification 256:270 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 48 with biomodification 256:270 arg1 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 12 49 theme highest 1167:1173 arg1 µTBS 1175:1178 the highest µTBS 1163:1178 the highest µTBS 1163:1178 RESULTS After 24 h, the highest µTBS was found for bur (p < 0.001). 30597375 1 50 theme study 154:158 arg1 purpose 138:144 The purpose 134:144 The purpose of this study 134:158 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 18 51 theme laser 1720:1724 arg1 irradiation 1726:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 Er:YAG laser irradiation 1713:1736 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 8 52 dep determined 959:968 arg1 n = 7 971:975 n = 7 971:975 n = 7 971:975 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 3 53 theme removal 505:511 arg1 method 513:518 caries removal method 498:518 caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser 498:539 Blocks were divided according to caries removal method: bur or Er:YAG laser. 30597375 18 54 theme HYP 1864:1866 arg1 release 1868:1874 HYP release 1864:1874 HYP release 1864:1874 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 0 55 theme bond 118:121 arg1 stability 71:79 the stability 67:79 the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 67:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 16 56 theme dentin 1552:1557 arg1 biomodification 1559:1573 dentin biomodification 1552:1573 dentin biomodification 1552:1573 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 4 57 theme Seventy-six 542:552 arg1 blocks 554:559 Seventy-six blocks 542:559 Seventy-six blocks 542:559 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 0 58 from biomodification 48:62 arg1 stability 71:79 the stability 67:79 the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 67:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 18 59 with irradiation 1726:1736 arg1 chitosan 1763:1770 chitosan 1763:1770 chitosan 1763:1770 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 1 60 theme dry 348:350 arg1 loss 357:360 dry mass loss 348:360 dry mass loss 348:360 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 16 61 theme caries 1524:1529 arg1 method 1539:1544 caries removal method 1524:1544 caries removal method 1524:1544 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 4 62 theme no 630:631 arg1 chitosan 633:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 5 63 theme resin 671:675 arg1 restorations 677:688 Composite resin restorations 661:688 Composite resin restorations 661:688 Composite resin restorations were performed. 30597375 1 64 theme hydroxyproline 366:379 arg1 HYP 390:392 HYP 390:392 HYP 390:392 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 64 theme hydroxyproline 366:379 arg1 release 381:387 hydroxyproline release 366:387 hydroxyproline release (HYP) 366:393 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 18 65 theme bonds 1817:1821 arg1 stability 1787:1795 the stability 1783:1795 the stability of the resin-dentin bonds 1783:1821 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 14 66 theme highest 1313:1319 arg1 p = 0.025 1334:1342 p = 0.025 1334:1342 p = 0.025 1334:1342 After 12 months, laser-irradiated dentin showed the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025). 30597375 14 66 theme highest 1313:1319 arg1 values 1326:1331 the highest µTBS values 1309:1331 the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025) 1309:1343 After 12 months, laser-irradiated dentin showed the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025). 30597375 1 67 theme microtensile 293:304 arg1 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 µTBS 321:324 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 1 67 theme microtensile 293:304 arg1 strength 311:318 the microtensile bond strength 289:318 the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) 289:325 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 2 68 dep METHODS 396:402 arg1 lesions 415:421 Artificial lesions 404:421 METHODS Artificial lesions 396:421 METHODS Artificial lesions were created in 104 bovine dentin blocks. 30597375 18 69 theme dry 1846:1848 arg1 loss 1855:1858 dry mass loss 1846:1858 dry mass loss 1846:1858 From 6 months of water storage, Er:YAG laser irradiation and biomodification with chitosan maintained the stability of the resin-dentin bonds, but did not influence dry mass loss and HYP release. 30597375 4 70 theme biomodification 613:627 arg1 chitosan 633:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 dentin biomodification: no chitosan 606:640 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 7 71 theme adhesive 848:855 arg1 interface 857:865 adhesive interface 848:865 adhesive interface 848:865 After 24 h, 6 and 12 months, beams were submitted to μTBS test (n = 10) and analysis of adhesive interface by SEM (n = 3). 30597375 14 72 theme laser-irradiated 1278:1293 arg1 dentin 1295:1300 laser-irradiated dentin 1278:1300 laser-irradiated dentin 1278:1300 After 12 months, laser-irradiated dentin showed the highest µTBS values (p = 0.025). 30597375 1 73 dep OBJECTIVE 124:132 arg1 was 160:162 was 160:162 was to evaluate the effect of Er 160:191 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 0 74 theme bovine 104:109 arg1 bond 118:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 2 75 theme bovine 443:448 arg1 blocks 457:462 104 bovine dentin blocks 439:462 104 bovine dentin blocks 439:462 METHODS Artificial lesions were created in 104 bovine dentin blocks. 30597375 16 76 dep influenced 1499:1508 arg1 p > 0.05 1511:1518 p > 0.05 1511:1518 p > 0.05 1511:1518 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 17 77 theme demineralized 1608:1620 arg1 dentin 1622:1627 demineralized dentin 1608:1627 demineralized dentin 1608:1627 CONCLUSION The bond strength to demineralized dentin reduced over 50% in all groups after water storage. 30597375 1 78 with loss 357:360 arg1 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 4 79 theme % 649:649 arg1 chitosan 651:658 2.5% chitosan 646:658 2.5% chitosan 646:658 Seventy-six blocks were acid etched and subdivided according to dentin biomodification: no chitosan and 2.5% chitosan. 30597375 16 80 theme HYP 1478:1480 arg1 release 1482:1488 HYP release 1478:1488 HYP release 1478:1488 Dry mass loss and HYP release were not influenced (p > 0.05) by caries removal method or by dentin biomodification. 30597375 8 81 theme dry 941:943 arg1 mass 945:948 initial dry mass 933:948 initial dry mass (DM) 933:953 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 8 81 theme dry 941:943 arg1 DM 951:952 DM 951:952 DM 951:952 The other 28 blocks were sectioned into beams and initial dry mass (DM) was determined (n = 7). 30597375 0 82 theme laser 17:21 arg1 irradiation 23:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 1 83 with interface 337:345 arg1 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 2 84 theme Artificial 404:413 arg1 lesions 415:421 Artificial lesions 404:421 METHODS Artificial lesions 396:421 METHODS Artificial lesions were created in 104 bovine dentin blocks. 30597375 0 85 theme resin/demineralized 84:102 arg1 bond 118:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond 84:121 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 1 86 with release 381:387 arg1 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 chitosan 277:284 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 0 87 dep Effect 0:5 arg1 irradiation 23:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 YAG laser irradiation 13:33 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 0 87 dep Effect 0:5 arg1 biomodification 48:62 chitosan biomodification 39:62 chitosan biomodification 39:62 Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation and chitosan biomodification on the stability of resin/demineralized bovine dentin bond. 30597375 15 88 theme higher 1364:1369 arg1 values 1376:1381 higher µTBS values 1364:1381 higher µTBS values 1364:1381 Chitosan promoted higher µTBS values after 6 (p = 0.011) and 12 months (p < 0.001) preserving adhesive interface. 30597375 1 89 theme YAG 193:195 arg1 laser 197:201 YAG laser 193:201 YAG laser 193:201 OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser for selective removal of carious lesion, followed by biomodification with chitosan on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), adhesive interface, dry mass loss and hydroxyproline release (HYP). 30597375 17 90 theme water 1666:1670 arg1 storage 1672:1678 water storage 1666:1678 water storage 1666:1678 CONCLUSION The bond strength to demineralized dentin reduced over 50% in all groups after water storage. 31366090 1 0 theme immune 358:363 arg1 system 365:370 the immune system 354:370 the immune system of newborns 354:382 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 7 1 theme microbiota 1011:1020 arg1 composition 1022:1032 ileal microbiota composition 1005:1032 ileal microbiota composition 1005:1032 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 1 2 with oligosaccharides 191:206 arg1 characteristics 221:235 natural characteristics 213:235 natural characteristics 213:235 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 0 3 from Metabolism 53:62 arg1 Composition 27:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 9 4 theme microbial 1326:1334 arg1 metabolites 1336:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 0 5 theme Early-Life 70:79 arg1 Galacto-Oligosaccharides 81:104 an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides 67:104 an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides 67:104 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 9 6 theme peptides 1442:1449 arg1 metabolites 1336:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 9 6 theme peptides 1442:1449 arg1 peptides 1359:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 9 6 theme peptides 1442:1449 arg1 expression 1382:1391 the mRNA expression 1373:1391 the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1373:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 8 7 theme early-life 1272:1281 arg1 intervention 1287:1298 the early-life GOS intervention 1268:1298 the early-life GOS intervention 1268:1298 Additionally, Escherichia significantly decreased on day 21 following the early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 9 8 theme cytokines 1414:1422 arg1 metabolites 1336:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 microbial metabolites 1326:1346 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 9 8 theme cytokines 1414:1422 arg1 peptides 1359:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 9 8 theme cytokines 1414:1422 arg1 expression 1382:1391 the mRNA expression 1373:1391 the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1373:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 4 9 theme piglets 589:595 arg1 litters 569:575 Six litters 565:575 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight 565:654 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 10 10 theme early 1517:1521 arg1 supplementation 1533:1547 early prebiotic supplementation 1517:1547 early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns 1517:1570 These findings provide guidelines for early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns. 31366090 0 11 from Changes 0:6 arg1 Composition 27:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 5 12 from piglets 830:836 arg1 group 849:853 the CON group 841:853 the CON group 841:853 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 3 13 theme intervention 551:562 arg1 effects 525:531 the effects 521:531 the effects of early-life GOS intervention 521:562 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 5 14 theme same 870:873 arg1 dose 875:878 the same dose 866:878 the same dose of physiological saline 866:902 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 7 15 theme in 1125:1126 arg1 stricto 1146:1152 in Clostridium sensu stricto 1125:1152 in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention 1125:1195 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 1 16 theme newborns 375:382 arg1 system 365:370 the immune system 354:370 the immune system of newborns 354:382 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 16 theme newborns 375:382 arg1 development 313:323 the development 309:323 the development of intestinal microbiota 309:348 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 7 17 theme ileal 1005:1009 arg1 composition 1022:1032 ileal microbiota composition 1005:1032 ileal microbiota composition 1005:1032 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 9 18 theme endocrine 1349:1357 arg1 peptides 1359:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 endocrine peptides 1349:1366 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 1 19 theme important 291:299 arg1 role 301:304 an important role 288:304 an important role 288:304 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 0 20 theme Neonatal 124:131 arg1 Model 141:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 7 21 theme GOS 1180:1182 arg1 intervention 1184:1195 GOS intervention 1180:1195 GOS intervention 1180:1195 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 5 22 theme solution 774:781 arg1 mL 764:765 10 mL 761:765 10 mL of GOS solution 761:781 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 3 23 theme early-life 536:545 arg1 intervention 551:562 early-life GOS intervention 536:562 early-life GOS intervention 536:562 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 1 24 theme functional 180:189 arg1 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) 148:177 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 24 theme functional 180:189 arg1 oligosaccharides 191:206 functional oligosaccharides 180:206 functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics 180:235 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 9 25 theme mRNA 1377:1380 arg1 expression 1382:1391 the mRNA expression 1373:1391 the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1373:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 3 26 theme GOS 547:549 arg1 intervention 551:562 early-life GOS intervention 536:562 early-life GOS intervention 536:562 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 2 27 theme piglets 414:420 arg1 maturation 400:409 The intestinal maturation 385:409 The intestinal maturation of piglets 385:420 The intestinal maturation of piglets resembles that of human newborns and infants. 31366090 10 28 theme lactating 1553:1561 arg1 newborns 1563:1570 lactating newborns 1553:1570 lactating newborns 1553:1570 These findings provide guidelines for early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns. 31366090 7 29 theme sensu 1140:1144 arg1 stricto 1146:1152 in Clostridium sensu stricto 1125:1152 in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention 1125:1195 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 6 30 from litter 940:945 arg1 pig 916:918 One pig 912:918 One pig per group from each litter 912:945 One pig per group from each litter was euthanized on day 8 and day 21. 31366090 9 31 theme expression 1382:1391 arg1 content 1315:1321 the content 1311:1321 the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1311:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 5 32 theme saline 897:902 arg1 dose 875:878 the same dose 866:878 the same dose of physiological saline 866:902 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 4 33 from groups 702:707 arg1 litter 717:722 each litter 712:722 each litter 712:722 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 8 34 theme GOS 1283:1285 arg1 intervention 1287:1298 the early-life GOS intervention 1268:1298 the early-life GOS intervention 1268:1298 Additionally, Escherichia significantly decreased on day 21 following the early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 1 35 theme natural 213:219 arg1 characteristics 221:235 natural characteristics 213:235 natural characteristics 213:235 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 0 36 theme Microbial 17:25 arg1 Composition 27:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 9 37 theme peptides 1359:1366 arg1 content 1315:1321 the content 1311:1321 the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1311:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 4 38 theme same 630:633 arg1 weight 649:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 0 39 theme Ileal 11:15 arg1 Composition 27:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Ileal Microbial Composition 11:37 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 4 40 theme neonatal 580:587 arg1 piglets 589:595 neonatal piglets 580:595 neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) 580:619 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 0 41 theme Porcine 133:139 arg1 Model 141:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 3 42 used used 482:485 arg2 we 479:480 we 479:480 we 479:480 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 9 43 theme GOS 1468:1470 arg1 group 1472:1476 the GOS group 1464:1476 the GOS group 1464:1476 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 2 44 theme human 440:444 arg1 newborns 446:453 newborns 446:453 newborns 446:453 The intestinal maturation of piglets resembles that of human newborns and infants. 31366090 4 45 theme average 635:641 arg1 weight 649:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 4 46 with litters 569:575 arg1 weight 649:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 4 47 theme birth 643:647 arg1 weight 649:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 the same average birth weight 626:654 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 5 48 theme GOS 740:742 arg1 group 744:748 the GOS group 736:748 the GOS group 736:748 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 9 49 theme metabolites 1336:1346 arg1 content 1315:1321 the content 1311:1321 the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides 1311:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 1 50 theme important 242:250 arg1 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) 148:177 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 50 theme important 242:250 arg1 substances 259:268 important active substances 242:268 important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns 242:382 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 51 theme intestinal 328:337 arg1 microbiota 339:348 intestinal microbiota 328:348 intestinal microbiota 328:348 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 4 52 dep piglets 589:595 arg1 piglets 601:607 10 piglets 598:607 10 piglets per litter 598:618 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 4 53 theme GOS 692:694 arg1 groups 702:707 control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups 674:707 control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter 674:722 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 31366090 0 54 theme Microbial 43:51 arg1 Metabolism 53:62 Microbial Metabolism 43:62 Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides 43:104 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 1 55 theme microbiota 339:348 arg1 system 365:370 the immune system 354:370 the immune system of newborns 354:382 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 55 theme microbiota 339:348 arg1 development 313:323 the development 309:323 the development of intestinal microbiota 309:348 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 9 56 theme antimicrobial 1428:1440 arg1 peptides 1442:1449 antimicrobial peptides 1428:1449 antimicrobial peptides 1428:1449 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 5 57 from Piglets 725:731 arg1 group 744:748 the GOS group 736:748 the GOS group 736:748 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 7 58 dep in 1125:1126 arg1 Clostridium 1128:1138 Clostridium 1128:1138 Clostridium 1128:1138 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 3 59 theme newborn 491:497 arg1 model 506:510 the newborn piglet model 487:510 the newborn piglet model 487:510 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 1 60 theme active 252:257 arg1 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides 148:171 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) 148:177 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 60 theme active 252:257 arg1 substances 259:268 important active substances 242:268 important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns 242:382 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 1 61 from substances 259:268 arg1 milk 273:276 milk 273:276 milk 273:276 Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), functional oligosaccharides with natural characteristics, are important active substances in milk that play an important role in the development of intestinal microbiota and the immune system of newborns. 31366090 7 62 from stricto 1146:1152 arg1 day 1157:1159 day 8 1157:1161 day 8 1157:1161 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 7 62 from stricto 1146:1152 arg1 day 1167:1169 day 21 1167:1172 day 21 1167:1172 Results revealed that ileal microbiota composition was significantly enriched in Lactobacillus and unclassified Lactobacillaceae, and reduced in Clostridium sensu stricto on day 8 and day 21 after GOS intervention. 31366090 5 63 theme physiological 883:895 arg1 saline 897:902 physiological saline 883:902 physiological saline 883:902 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 3 64 theme piglet 499:504 arg1 model 506:510 the newborn piglet model 487:510 the newborn piglet model 487:510 Therefore, we used the newborn piglet model to study the effects of early-life GOS intervention. 31366090 5 65 theme CON 845:847 arg1 group 849:853 the CON group 841:853 the CON group 841:853 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 9 66 theme anti-inflammatory 1396:1412 arg1 cytokines 1414:1422 anti-inflammatory cytokines 1396:1422 anti-inflammatory cytokines 1396:1422 Moreover, the content of microbial metabolites, endocrine peptides, and the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides increased in the GOS group. 31366090 0 67 from Intervention 106:117 arg1 Model 141:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 a Neonatal Porcine Model 122:145 Changes in Ileal Microbial Composition and Microbial Metabolism by an Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharides Intervention in a Neonatal Porcine Model. 31366090 5 68 theme GOS 770:772 arg1 solution 774:781 GOS solution 770:781 GOS solution 770:781 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 2 69 theme intestinal 389:398 arg1 maturation 400:409 The intestinal maturation 385:409 The intestinal maturation of piglets 385:420 The intestinal maturation of piglets resembles that of human newborns and infants. 31366090 5 70 theme first 800:804 arg1 week 806:809 the first week 796:809 the first week after birth 796:821 Piglets in the GOS group were given 10 mL of GOS solution daily during the first week after birth, while piglets in the CON group were given the same dose of physiological saline orally. 31366090 10 71 theme prebiotic 1523:1531 arg1 supplementation 1533:1547 early prebiotic supplementation 1517:1547 early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns 1517:1570 These findings provide guidelines for early prebiotic supplementation for lactating newborns. 31366090 4 72 theme control 674:680 arg1 groups 702:707 control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups 674:707 control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter 674:722 Six litters of neonatal piglets (10 piglets per litter) with the same average birth weight were divided into control (CON) and GOS (GOS) groups in each litter. 29193544 0 0 with Galactokinase 32:44 arg1 Tolerance 85:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 0 0 with Galactokinase 32:44 arg1 Activity 56:63 High Activity 51:63 High Activity 51:63 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 3 1 theme protecting-group 548:563 arg1 strategies 565:574 protecting-group strategies 548:574 protecting-group strategies 548:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 6 2 theme one-pot 1087:1093 arg1 system 1105:1110 a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1085:1379 a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1085:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 0 3 theme Substrate 75:83 arg1 Tolerance 85:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 6 4 dep one-pot 1087:1093 arg1 two-step 1096:1103 two-step 1096:1103 two-step 1096:1103 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 1 5 theme important 195:203 arg1 phosphates 180:189 Glycosyl phosphates 171:189 Glycosyl phosphates 171:189 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 1 5 theme important 195:203 arg1 intermediates 205:217 important intermediates 195:217 important intermediates in many metabolic pathways 195:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 0 6 theme Chemoenzymatic 99:112 arg1 Synthesis 114:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis 99:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues 99:168 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 2 7 used used 395:398 arg2 libraries 339:347 libraries 339:347 libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics 339:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 2 7 used used 395:398 arg2 probes 422:427 selective chemical probes 403:427 selective chemical probes in glycomics 403:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 5 8 theme substrate 787:795 arg1 tolerance 797:805 a broad substrate tolerance 779:805 a broad substrate tolerance 779:805 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 4 9 theme galactose 751:759 arg1 1-phosphorylation 730:746 1-phosphorylation 730:746 1-phosphorylation of galactose 730:759 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 6 10 from amination 1323:1331 arg1 process 1373:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 3 11 theme phosphate 520:528 arg1 libraries 530:538 glycosyl phosphate libraries 511:538 glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies 511:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 6 12 theme substituted 1248:1258 arg1 derivatives 1289:1299 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives 1245:1299 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives 1245:1299 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 5 13 theme wild-type 1003:1011 arg1 galactokinase 1013:1025 wild-type galactokinase 1003:1025 wild-type galactokinase 1003:1025 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 3 14 theme chemoenzymatic 460:473 arg1 cascades 475:482 chemoenzymatic cascades 460:482 chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies 460:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 6 15 theme reductive 1313:1321 arg1 amination 1323:1331 chemical reductive amination 1304:1331 chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1304:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 5 16 theme number 858:863 arg1 1-phosphorylation 835:851 the 1-phosphorylation 831:851 the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase 831:1025 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 6 17 theme chemical 1304:1311 arg1 amination 1323:1331 chemical reductive amination 1304:1331 chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1304:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 1 18 theme many 222:225 arg1 pathways 237:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 4 19 theme bacterial 601:609 arg1 LgGalK 626:631 LgGalK 626:631 LgGalK 626:631 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 4 19 theme bacterial 601:609 arg1 galactokinase 611:623 a new bacterial galactokinase 595:623 a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose 595:759 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 4 19 theme bacterial 601:609 arg1 enzyme 585:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 5 20 theme broad 781:785 arg1 tolerance 797:805 a broad substrate tolerance 779:805 a broad substrate tolerance 779:805 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 2 21 theme chemical 413:420 arg1 libraries 339:347 libraries 339:347 libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics 339:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 2 21 theme chemical 413:420 arg1 probes 422:427 selective chemical probes 403:427 selective chemical probes in glycomics 403:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 0 22 theme Bacterial 22:30 arg1 Galactokinase 32:44 a Bacterial Galactokinase 20:44 a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues 20:168 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 4 23 theme new 597:599 arg1 LgGalK 626:631 LgGalK 626:631 LgGalK 626:631 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 4 23 theme new 597:599 arg1 galactokinase 611:623 a new bacterial galactokinase 595:623 a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose 595:759 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 4 23 theme new 597:599 arg1 enzyme 585:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 6 24 theme derivatives 1289:1299 arg1 panel 1236:1240 a panel 1234:1240 a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives 1234:1299 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 5 25 theme analogues 878:886 arg1 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 5 25 theme analogues 878:886 arg1 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 5 25 theme analogues 878:886 arg1 number 858:863 a number 856:863 a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase 856:1025 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 6 26 theme variant 1057:1063 arg1 M1 1065:1066 variant M1 1057:1066 variant M1 1057:1066 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 0 27 theme 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate 127:154 arg1 Synthesis 114:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis 99:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues 99:168 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 6 28 dep LgGalK 1028:1033 arg1 M1 1065:1066 variant M1 1057:1066 variant M1 1057:1066 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 6 29 theme 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate 1260:1287 arg1 derivatives 1289:1299 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives 1245:1299 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives 1245:1299 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 1 30 theme Glycosyl 171:178 arg1 phosphates 180:189 Glycosyl phosphates 171:189 Glycosyl phosphates 171:189 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 1 30 theme Glycosyl 171:178 arg1 intermediates 205:217 important intermediates 195:217 important intermediates in many metabolic pathways 195:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 1 31 theme metabolic 227:235 arg1 pathways 237:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 0 32 theme Galactokinase 32:44 arg1 Characterisation 0:15 Characterisation 0:15 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 0:169 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 6 33 theme galactose 1039:1047 arg1 oxidase 1049:1055 galactose oxidase 1039:1055 galactose oxidase 1039:1055 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 0 34 theme Analogues 160:168 arg1 Synthesis 114:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis 99:122 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues 99:168 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 5 35 theme galactose 868:876 arg1 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose 899:923 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 5 35 theme galactose 868:876 arg1 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose 929:953 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 5 35 theme galactose 868:876 arg1 analogues 878:886 galactose analogues 868:886 galactose analogues 868:886 LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. 29193544 2 36 from probes 422:427 arg1 glycomics 432:440 glycomics 432:440 glycomics 432:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 3 37 theme fast 492:495 arg1 generation 497:506 the fast generation 488:506 the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies 488:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 4 38 theme key 581:583 arg1 galactokinase 611:623 a new bacterial galactokinase 595:623 a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose 595:759 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 4 38 theme key 581:583 arg1 enzyme 585:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme 577:590 The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. 29193544 1 39 from substrates 254:263 arg1 pathways 237:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 3 40 theme libraries 530:538 arg1 generation 497:506 the fast generation 488:506 the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies 488:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 0 41 theme High 51:54 arg1 Activity 56:63 High Activity 51:63 High Activity 51:63 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 3 42 theme glycosyl 511:518 arg1 libraries 530:538 glycosyl phosphate libraries 511:538 glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies 511:574 Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. 29193544 6 43 dep one-pot 1338:1344 arg1 three-step 1347:1356 three-step 1347:1356 three-step 1347:1356 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 6 44 theme chemoenzymatic 1358:1371 arg1 process 1373:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 2 45 theme analogues 373:381 arg1 libraries 339:347 libraries 339:347 libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics 339:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 2 45 theme analogues 373:381 arg1 probes 422:427 selective chemical probes 403:427 selective chemical probes in glycomics 403:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 6 46 used used 1218:1221 arg2 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate 1157:1191 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate 1157:1191 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate 1157:1191 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 6 46 used used 1218:1221 arg2 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate 1126:1151 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate 1126:1151 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate 1126:1151 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 2 47 theme similar 365:371 arg1 analogues 373:381 structurally similar analogues 352:381 structurally similar analogues 352:381 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 1 48 theme diverse 269:275 arg1 enzymes 297:303 diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes 269:303 diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes 269:303 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 0 49 theme Broad 69:73 arg1 Tolerance 85:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Broad Substrate Tolerance 69:93 Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. 29193544 2 50 theme selective 403:411 arg1 libraries 339:347 libraries 339:347 libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics 339:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 2 50 theme selective 403:411 arg1 probes 422:427 selective chemical probes 403:427 selective chemical probes in glycomics 403:440 Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. 29193544 1 51 theme carbohydrate-active 277:295 arg1 enzymes 297:303 diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes 269:303 diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes 269:303 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 29193544 6 52 theme one-pot 1338:1344 arg1 process 1373:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process 1336:1379 LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process. 29193544 1 53 from intermediates 205:217 arg1 pathways 237:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 many metabolic pathways 222:244 Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. 30773928 1 0 theme gut 166:168 arg1 microbiota 170:179 the gut microbiota 162:179 the gut microbiota 162:179 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 0 1 theme male 77:80 arg1 mice 82:85 male mice 77:85 male mice 77:85 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 0 2 from oligosaccharides 10:25 arg1 life 36:39 early life 30:39 early life 30:39 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 6 3 theme gut 1134:1136 arg1 composition 1149:1159 the gut microbiota composition 1130:1159 the gut microbiota composition 1130:1159 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 1 4 theme microbiota 170:179 arg1 modulation 148:157 Beneficial modulation 137:157 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota 137:179 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 1 4 theme microbiota 170:179 arg1 approach 210:217 an attractive therapeutic approach 184:217 an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity 184:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 4 5 from nodes 981:985 arg1 percentage 931:940 a higher percentage 922:940 a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 922:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 5 from nodes 981:985 arg1 production 892:901 enhanced cytokine production 874:901 enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes 874:916 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 6 theme lymph 975:979 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 7 theme draining 966:973 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 8 theme antibody 796:803 arg1 response 805:812 a larger antibody response 787:812 a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 787:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 6 9 theme genus 1172:1176 arg1 level 1178:1182 the genus level 1168:1182 the genus level 1168:1182 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 3 10 theme influenza 604:612 arg1 TIV 623:625 TIV 623:625 TIV 623:625 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 3 10 theme influenza 604:612 arg1 vaccine 614:620 trivalent influenza vaccine 594:620 trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) 594:626 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 6 11 theme several 1184:1190 arg1 groups 1202:1207 several bacterial groups 1184:1207 several bacterial groups 1184:1207 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 4 12 theme larger 789:794 arg1 response 805:812 a larger antibody response 787:812 a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 787:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 3 13 theme microbiota 660:669 arg1 responses 701:709 the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses 652:709 the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses 652:709 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 0 14 theme vaccination 114:124 arg1 responses 126:134 influenza vaccination responses 104:134 influenza vaccination responses 104:134 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 3 15 theme Adult 562:566 arg1 mice 568:571 Adult mice 562:571 Adult mice 562:571 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 7 16 theme vaccination 1393:1403 arg1 production 1414:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 This study provides insight in the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production. 30773928 2 17 theme complex 388:394 arg1 mixture 396:402 a complex mixture 386:402 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 0 18 theme influenza 104:112 arg1 responses 126:134 influenza vaccination responses 104:134 influenza vaccination responses 104:134 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 0 19 theme Prebiotic 0:8 arg1 oligosaccharides 10:25 Prebiotic oligosaccharides 0:25 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life 0:39 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 2 20 theme early 550:554 arg1 life 556:559 early life 550:559 early life 550:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 6 21 theme bacterial 1192:1200 arg1 groups 1202:1207 several bacterial groups 1184:1207 several bacterial groups 1184:1207 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 4 22 theme cytokine 883:890 arg1 production 892:901 enhanced cytokine production 874:901 enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes 874:916 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 2 23 theme milk 329:332 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 23 theme milk 329:332 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 1 24 theme attractive 187:196 arg1 modulation 148:157 Beneficial modulation 137:157 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota 137:179 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 1 24 theme attractive 187:196 arg1 approach 210:217 an attractive therapeutic approach 184:217 an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity 184:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 2 25 theme galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 25 theme galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 25 theme galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 arg1 mixture 396:402 a complex mixture 386:402 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 4 26 theme enhanced 874:881 arg1 production 892:901 enhanced cytokine production 874:901 enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes 874:916 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 7 27 from insight 1338:1344 arg1 effect 1353:1358 the effect 1349:1358 the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production 1349:1423 This study provides insight in the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production. 30773928 2 28 theme prebiotic 319:327 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 28 theme prebiotic 319:327 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 1 29 theme therapeutic 198:208 arg1 modulation 148:157 Beneficial modulation 137:157 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota 137:179 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 1 29 theme therapeutic 198:208 arg1 approach 210:217 an attractive therapeutic approach 184:217 an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity 184:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 0 30 theme early 30:34 arg1 life 36:39 early life 30:39 early life 30:39 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 4 31 theme female 762:767 arg1 mice 769:772 female mice 762:772 female mice 762:772 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 32 theme cells 952:956 arg1 percentage 931:940 a higher percentage 922:940 a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 922:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 4 32 theme cells 952:956 arg1 production 892:901 enhanced cytokine production 874:901 enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes 874:916 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 7 33 theme antibody 1405:1412 arg1 production 1414:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 This study provides insight in the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production. 30773928 6 34 theme immunological 1286:1298 arg1 effects 1300:1306 the immunological effects 1282:1306 the immunological effects observed 1282:1315 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 2 35 theme modulatory 414:423 arg1 galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 36 theme prebiotic 425:433 arg1 galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 4 37 theme plasma 945:950 arg1 cells 952:956 plasma cells 945:956 plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 945:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 6 38 theme significant 1218:1228 arg1 effect 1242:1247 a significant interaction effect 1216:1247 a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed 1216:1315 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 3 39 theme trivalent 594:602 arg1 TIV 623:625 TIV 623:625 TIV 623:625 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 3 39 theme trivalent 594:602 arg1 vaccine 614:620 trivalent influenza vaccine 594:620 trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) 594:626 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 2 40 theme immune 407:412 arg1 galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 4 41 theme skin 961:964 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 3 42 theme antibody-mediated 675:691 arg1 vaccine 693:699 antibody-mediated vaccine 675:699 antibody-mediated vaccine 675:699 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 5 43 theme antibody 1046:1053 arg1 responses 1055:1063 vaccine-specific antibody responses 1029:1063 vaccine-specific antibody responses 1029:1063 In addition, the prebiotic diet improved vaccine-specific antibody responses in male mice. 30773928 6 44 theme prebiotics 1095:1104 arg1 Introduction 1079:1090 Introduction 1079:1090 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet 1079:1118 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 2 45 from stages 540:545 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 45 from stages 540:545 arg1 life 556:559 early life 550:559 early life 550:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 45 from stages 540:545 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 45 from stages 540:545 arg1 mixture 396:402 a complex mixture 386:402 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 46 theme short-chain 435:445 arg1 galacto-oligosaccharides 447:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides 407:470 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 47 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 487:509 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 47 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 487:509 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 47 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 487:509 arg1 mixture 396:402 a complex mixture 386:402 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 4 48 theme higher 924:929 arg1 percentage 931:940 a higher percentage 922:940 a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes 922:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 0 49 from development 62:72 arg1 mice 82:85 male mice 77:85 male mice 77:85 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 4 50 theme control 747:753 arg1 group 755:759 the control group 743:759 the control group 743:759 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 0 51 theme gut 47:49 arg1 development 62:72 gut microbiome development 47:72 gut microbiome development in male mice 47:85 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 2 52 theme long-chain 476:485 arg1 fructo-oligosaccharides 487:509 long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides 476:509 long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) 476:523 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 52 theme long-chain 476:485 arg1 scGOS/lcFOS 512:522 scGOS/lcFOS 512:522 scGOS/lcFOS 512:522 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 5 53 theme male 1068:1071 arg1 mice 1073:1076 male mice 1068:1076 male mice 1068:1076 In addition, the prebiotic diet improved vaccine-specific antibody responses in male mice. 30773928 3 54 theme gut 656:658 arg1 microbiota 660:669 gut microbiota 656:669 gut microbiota 656:669 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 4 55 from cells 952:956 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 6 56 theme interaction 1230:1240 arg1 effect 1242:1247 a significant interaction effect 1216:1247 a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed 1216:1315 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 4 57 from percentage 931:940 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 5 58 theme prebiotic 1005:1013 arg1 diet 1015:1018 the prebiotic diet 1001:1018 the prebiotic diet 1001:1018 In addition, the prebiotic diet improved vaccine-specific antibody responses in male mice. 30773928 1 59 theme Beneficial 137:146 arg1 modulation 148:157 Beneficial modulation 137:157 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota 137:179 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 1 59 theme Beneficial 137:146 arg1 approach 210:217 an attractive therapeutic approach 184:217 an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity 184:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 3 60 theme vaccine 693:699 arg1 responses 701:709 the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses 652:709 the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses 652:709 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 4 61 theme TIV 817:819 arg1 vaccination 821:831 TIV vaccination 817:831 TIV vaccination 817:831 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 2 62 theme oligosaccharide 334:348 arg1 FL 371:372 2'FL 369:372 2'FL 369:372 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 2 62 theme oligosaccharide 334:348 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 350:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose 315:366 the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life 315:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 3 63 theme responses 701:709 arg1 development 637:647 both development 632:647 both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses 632:709 Adult mice were vaccinated with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and both development of the gut microbiota and antibody-mediated vaccine responses were followed over time. 30773928 4 64 theme male 838:841 arg1 mice 843:846 male mice 838:846 male mice 838:846 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 7 65 from FL 1377:1378 arg1 production 1414:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 This study provides insight in the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production. 30773928 6 66 theme microbiota 1138:1147 arg1 composition 1149:1159 the gut microbiota composition 1130:1159 the gut microbiota composition 1130:1159 Introduction of prebiotics into the diet modulated the gut microbiota composition and at the genus level several bacterial groups showed a significant interaction effect which potentially contributed to the immunological effects observed. 30773928 7 67 theme influenza 1383:1391 arg1 vaccination 1393:1403 influenza vaccination 1383:1403 influenza vaccination antibody production 1383:1423 This study provides insight in the effect of scGOS/lcFOS/2'FL in influenza vaccination antibody production. 30773928 1 68 theme vaccine-induced 246:260 arg1 immunity 262:269 vaccine-induced immunity 246:269 vaccine-induced immunity 246:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30773928 0 69 theme microbiome 51:60 arg1 development 62:72 gut microbiome development 47:72 gut microbiome development in male mice 47:85 Prebiotic oligosaccharides in early life alter gut microbiome development in male mice while supporting influenza vaccination responses. 30773928 5 70 theme vaccine-specific 1029:1044 arg1 responses 1055:1063 vaccine-specific antibody responses 1029:1063 vaccine-specific antibody responses 1029:1063 In addition, the prebiotic diet improved vaccine-specific antibody responses in male mice. 30773928 2 71 theme different 530:538 arg1 stages 540:545 different stages 530:545 different stages in early life 530:559 In this study, mice were supplemented with the prebiotic milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) as well as a complex mixture of immune modulatory prebiotic short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) from different stages in early life. 30773928 4 72 from production 892:901 arg1 nodes 981:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 skin draining lymph nodes 961:985 Within the control group, female mice demonstrated a larger antibody response to TIV vaccination than male mice, which was accompanied by enhanced cytokine production by splenocytes and a higher percentage of plasma cells in skin draining lymph nodes. 30773928 1 73 theme immunity 262:269 arg1 efficacy 234:241 the efficacy 230:241 the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity 230:269 Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota is an attractive therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of vaccine-induced immunity. 30439664 0 0 theme affinity 75:82 arg1 profiling 84:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 1 1 theme Vitis 163:167 arg1 crop 207:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 1 1 theme Vitis 163:167 arg1 vinifera 169:176 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 1 2 theme wine 246:249 arg1 industry 251:258 the wine industry 242:258 the wine industry 242:258 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 5 3 theme calcium-dependent 1061:1077 arg1 calpain 1088:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 6 4 theme bioactive 1131:1139 arg1 part 1141:1144 the bioactive part 1127:1144 the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1127:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 6 4 theme bioactive 1131:1139 arg1 modulators 1186:1195 safe modulators 1181:1195 safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1181:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 2 5 theme grape 359:363 arg1 seeds 365:369 grape seeds 359:369 grape seeds 359:369 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 3 6 from powder 542:547 arg1 extraction 477:486 the selective extraction 463:486 the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) 463:553 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 3 7 theme biological 683:692 arg1 effects 694:700 their biological effects 677:700 their biological effects 677:700 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 2 8 theme Plentiful 289:297 arg1 studies 299:305 Plentiful studies 289:305 Plentiful studies 289:305 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 5 9 theme free 1010:1013 arg1 energy 1023:1028 free binding energy 1010:1028 free binding energy 1010:1028 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 6 10 theme safe 1181:1184 arg1 part 1141:1144 the bioactive part 1127:1144 the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1127:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 6 10 theme safe 1181:1184 arg1 modulators 1186:1195 safe modulators 1181:1195 safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1181:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 6 11 theme intracellular 1200:1212 arg1 signaling 1214:1222 intracellular signaling 1200:1222 intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1200:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 2 12 theme seeds 365:369 arg1 content 348:354 the polyphenolic content 331:354 the polyphenolic content of grape seeds 331:369 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 4 13 theme phenolic 713:720 arg1 compounds 722:730 Major non phenolic compounds 703:730 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase 703:760 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 7 14 theme protected 1426:1434 arg1 organs 1436:1441 highly protected organs 1419:1441 highly protected organs as brain or eye 1419:1457 Nevertheless other compounds as lipids or sugars should be valorized along with polyphenols to improve their bioavailability into highly protected organs as brain or eye. 30439664 3 15 theme grape 531:535 arg1 powder 542:547 grape seed powder 531:547 grape seed powder (GSP) 531:553 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 3 15 theme grape 531:535 arg1 GSP 550:552 GSP 550:552 GSP 550:552 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 1 16 theme grape 178:182 arg1 crop 207:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 1 16 theme grape 178:182 arg1 vinifera 169:176 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 0 17 theme polyphenolic 97:108 arg1 compounds 129:137 polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds 97:137 compounds 129:137 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 5 18 located detected 921:928 arg2 compounds 911:919 the most abundant compounds 893:919 the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases 893:950 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 5 18 located detected 921:928 arg1 phases 945:950 the various phases 933:950 the various phases 933:950 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 6 19 theme GSP 1149:1151 arg1 part 1141:1144 the bioactive part 1127:1144 the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1127:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 6 19 theme GSP 1149:1151 arg1 modulators 1186:1195 safe modulators 1181:1195 safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1181:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 3 20 theme seed 537:540 arg1 powder 542:547 grape seed powder 531:547 grape seed powder (GSP) 531:553 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 3 20 theme seed 537:540 arg1 GSP 550:552 GSP 550:552 GSP 550:552 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 2 21 theme phenolic 399:406 arg1 compounds 408:416 non phenolic compounds 395:416 non phenolic compounds 395:416 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 4 22 from abundant 856:863 arg1 phase 880:884 the aqueous phase 868:884 the aqueous phase 868:884 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 4 23 theme aqueous 872:878 arg1 phase 880:884 the aqueous phase 868:884 the aqueous phase 868:884 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 5 24 theme polyphenol 957:966 arg1 quercetin 968:976 the polyphenol quercetin 953:976 the polyphenol quercetin 953:976 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 7 25 theme other 1302:1306 arg1 compounds 1308:1316 Nevertheless other compounds 1289:1316 Nevertheless other compounds as lipids or sugars 1289:1336 Nevertheless other compounds as lipids or sugars should be valorized along with polyphenols to improve their bioavailability into highly protected organs as brain or eye. 30439664 2 26 theme non 395:397 arg1 compounds 408:416 non phenolic compounds 395:416 non phenolic compounds 395:416 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 6 27 theme health 1262:1267 arg1 effects 1280:1286 their health beneficial effects 1256:1286 their health beneficial effects 1256:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 3 28 theme present 440:446 arg1 study 448:452 The present study 436:452 The present study 436:452 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 5 29 theme binding 1015:1021 arg1 energy 1023:1028 free binding energy 1010:1028 free binding energy 1010:1028 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 0 30 theme compounds 129:137 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 30 theme compounds 129:137 arg1 effect 33:38 anti-oxidative effect 18:38 anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder 18:59 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 30 theme compounds 129:137 arg1 profiling 84:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 31 dep in 65:66 arg1 silico 68:73 silico 68:73 silico 68:73 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 1 32 theme cultivated 196:205 arg1 crop 207:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 a highly cultivated crop 187:210 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 1 32 theme cultivated 196:205 arg1 vinifera 169:176 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape 163:182 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 0 33 theme anti-oxidative 18:31 arg1 effect 33:38 anti-oxidative effect 18:38 anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder 18:59 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 6 34 theme signaling 1214:1222 arg1 part 1141:1144 the bioactive part 1127:1144 the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1127:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 6 34 theme signaling 1214:1222 arg1 modulators 1186:1195 safe modulators 1181:1195 safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects 1181:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 0 35 theme extra-phenolic 114:127 arg1 compounds 129:137 polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds 97:137 compounds 129:137 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 5 36 theme calpain 1088:1094 arg1 calpain 1088:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 5 36 theme calpain 1088:1094 arg1 site 1049:1052 the active site 1038:1052 the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1038:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 3 37 theme aqueous 511:517 arg1 phases 519:524 aqueous phases 511:524 aqueous phases 511:524 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 3 37 theme aqueous 511:517 arg1 lipid 491:495 lipid 491:495 lipid 491:495 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 0 38 theme grape 43:47 arg1 powder 54:59 grape seed powder 43:59 grape seed powder 43:59 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 39 theme calpain 143:149 arg1 inhibition 151:160 calpain inhibition 143:160 calpain inhibition 143:160 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 2 40 theme compounds 408:416 arg1 characterization 375:390 characterization 375:390 characterization of non phenolic compounds 375:416 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 3 41 theme intimate 583:590 arg1 composition 592:602 their intimate composition 577:602 their intimate composition 577:602 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 1 42 theme solid 216:220 arg1 wastes 222:227 solid wastes 216:227 solid wastes generated by the wine industry 216:258 Vitis vinifera grape is a highly cultivated crop and solid wastes generated by the wine industry are largely under exploited. 30439664 0 43 theme powder 54:59 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 43 theme powder 54:59 arg1 effect 33:38 anti-oxidative effect 18:38 anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder 18:59 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 0 43 theme powder 54:59 arg1 profiling 84:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 5 44 theme active 1042:1047 arg1 calpain 1088:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 5 44 theme active 1042:1047 arg1 site 1049:1052 the active site 1038:1052 the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1038:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 4 45 theme non 709:711 arg1 compounds 722:730 Major non phenolic compounds 703:730 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase 703:760 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 0 46 theme seed 49:52 arg1 powder 54:59 grape seed powder 43:59 grape seed powder 43:59 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 6 47 theme effects 1280:1286 arg1 basis 1247:1251 the basis 1243:1251 the basis of their health beneficial effects 1243:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 4 48 theme Major 703:707 arg1 compounds 722:730 Major non phenolic compounds 703:730 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase 703:760 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 6 49 theme beneficial 1269:1278 arg1 effects 1280:1286 their health beneficial effects 1256:1286 their health beneficial effects 1256:1286 Polyphenols likely constitute the bioactive part of GSP that should be exploited as safe modulators of intracellular signaling which is likely at the basis of their health beneficial effects. 30439664 2 50 theme polyphenolic 335:346 arg1 content 348:354 the polyphenolic content 331:354 the polyphenolic content of grape seeds 331:369 Plentiful studies have intended analyzing the polyphenolic content of grape seeds but characterization of non phenolic compounds is rather scarce. 30439664 4 51 theme lipid 750:754 arg1 phase 756:760 the lipid phase 746:760 the lipid phase 746:760 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 3 52 theme chelating 638:646 arg1 properties 648:657 their antioxidant and chelating properties 616:657 properties 648:657 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 5 53 theme best 992:995 arg1 affinity 997:1004 the best affinity 988:1004 the best affinity 988:1004 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 3 54 theme lipid 491:495 arg1 extraction 477:486 the selective extraction 463:486 the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) 463:553 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 5 55 theme various 937:943 arg1 phases 945:950 the various phases 933:950 the various phases 933:950 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 0 56 theme in 65:66 arg1 profiling 84:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 in silico affinity profiling 65:92 Characterization, anti-oxidative effect of grape seed powder and in silico affinity profiling of polyphenolic and extra-phenolic compounds for calpain inhibition. 30439664 5 57 theme protease 1079:1086 arg1 calpain 1088:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 the calcium-dependent protease calpain 1057:1094 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30439664 4 58 from phase 880:884 arg1 fructofuranose 815:828 fructofuranose 815:828 fructofuranose 815:828 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 4 58 from phase 880:884 arg1 abundant 856:863 abundant 856:863 abundant 856:863 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 4 58 from phase 880:884 arg1 sucrose 834:840 sucrose 834:840 sucrose 834:840 Major non phenolic compounds identified in the lipid phase were glyceryl-monostearate and 2-monostearin whereas fructofuranose and sucrose were the most abundant in the aqueous phase. 30439664 3 59 theme selective 467:475 arg1 extraction 477:486 the selective extraction 463:486 the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) 463:553 The present study aimed at the selective extraction of lipid, phenolic and aqueous phases from grape seed powder (GSP) in order to establish their intimate composition, as well as their antioxidant and chelating properties underlying partly their biological effects. 30439664 5 60 theme abundant 902:909 arg1 compounds 911:919 the most abundant compounds 893:919 the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases 893:950 Among the most abundant compounds detected in the various phases, the polyphenol quercetin exhibited the best affinity and free binding energy towards the active site of the calcium-dependent protease calpain. 30600491 0 0 theme Cr 93:94 arg1 removal 64:70 removal 64:70 removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI) 64:98 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite composite film for removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI). 30600491 2 1 dep films 375:379 arg1 films 375:379 the composite films 361:379 the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 361:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 1 dep films 375:379 arg1 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 1 dep films 375:379 arg1 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 6 2 theme highest 1288:1294 arg1 capacity 1307:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 2 3 theme several 280:286 arg1 films 298:302 several composite films 280:302 several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared 280:346 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 4 theme maximum 466:472 arg1 removal 474:480 the maximum removal 462:480 the maximum removal 462:480 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 4 theme maximum 466:472 arg1 % 489:489 70.4% 485:489 70.4% (pH 4.80) 485:499 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 3 5 theme MO 668:669 arg1 adsorption 654:663 the adsorption 650:663 the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) 650:727 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 8 6 theme adsorption 1561:1570 arg1 properties 1543:1552 the thermodynamic properties 1525:1552 the thermodynamic properties of the adsorption 1525:1570 The adsorption mechanism was proposed, and the thermodynamic properties of the adsorption were also studied. 30600491 4 7 theme adsorption 866:875 arg1 parameters 848:857 The parameters 844:857 The parameters of the adsorption 844:875 The parameters of the adsorption were modeled by using isotherm and kinetic equations. 30600491 5 8 theme Toth 995:998 arg1 models 935:940 The models 931:940 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth 931:998 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 6 9 contain has 1280:1282 arg1 CSB1:1 1273:1278 CSB1:1 1273:1278 CSB1:1 1273:1278 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 6 9 contain has 1280:1282 arg1 meanwhile 1262:1270 meanwhile 1262:1270 meanwhile 1262:1270 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 6 9 contain has 1280:1282 arg2 capacity 1307:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 3 10 theme acid-activated 698:711 arg1 AAB 724:726 AAB 724:726 AAB 724:726 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 3 10 theme acid-activated 698:711 arg1 bentonite 713:721 acid-activated bentonite 698:721 acid-activated bentonite (AAB) 698:727 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 6 11 from 60 °C 1255:1259 arg1 qm 1232:1233 qm 1232:1233 qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C 1232:1259 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 3 12 theme different 554:562 arg1 types 564:568 different types 554:568 different types of adsorbate 554:581 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 6 13 contain has 1181:1183 arg2 capacity 1208:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 6 13 contain has 1181:1183 arg1 CSB2:3 1174:1179 CSB2:3 1174:1179 CSB2:3 1174:1179 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 6 14 dep Cr 1323:1324 arg1 VI 1326:1327 VI 1326:1327 VI 1326:1327 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 2 15 dep films 298:302 arg1 CSB 333:335 CSB 333:335 CSB 333:335 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 15 dep films 298:302 arg1 chitosan-saponin-bentonite 305:330 chitosan-saponin-bentonite 305:330 chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB) 305:336 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 3 16 dep Cr 780:781 arg1 VI 783:784 VI 783:784 VI 783:784 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 2 17 theme removal 416:422 arg1 efficiency 424:433 the highest removal efficiency 404:433 the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr 404:450 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 7 18 theme adsorption 1412:1421 arg1 data 1432:1435 the adsorption kinetics data 1408:1435 the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation 1408:1479 The pseudo-second-order model could represent the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation. 30600491 1 19 theme methyl 154:159 arg1 orange 161:166 methyl orange 154:166 methyl orange (MO) 154:171 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 1 19 theme methyl 154:159 arg1 MO 169:170 MO 169:170 MO 169:170 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 0 20 theme adsorptive 7:16 arg1 chitosan/saponin-bentonite 18:43 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite 0:43 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite 0:43 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite composite film for removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI). 30600491 6 21 with MO 1224:1225 arg1 qm 1232:1233 qm 1232:1233 qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C 1232:1259 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 0 22 theme orange 82:87 arg1 removal 64:70 removal 64:70 removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI) 64:98 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite composite film for removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI). 30600491 0 23 dep Cr 93:94 arg1 VI 96:97 VI 96:97 VI 96:97 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite composite film for removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI). 30600491 7 24 theme kinetics 1423:1430 arg1 data 1432:1435 the adsorption kinetics data 1408:1435 the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation 1408:1479 The pseudo-second-order model could represent the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation. 30600491 1 25 theme orange 161:166 arg1 removal 143:149 the removal 139:149 the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr 139:178 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 5 26 theme Redlich-Peterson 967:982 arg1 models 935:940 The models 931:940 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth 931:998 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 6 27 theme qm 1335:1336 arg1 641.99 mg g-1 1338:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 1335:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C 1335:1359 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 5 28 theme 45 1075:1076 arg1 temperature 1056:1066 a temperature 1054:1066 a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C 1054:1087 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 3 29 theme different 588:596 arg1 properties 612:621 different thermodynamic properties 588:621 different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process 588:647 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 6 30 theme highest 1189:1195 arg1 capacity 1208:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 5 31 theme Sips 985:988 arg1 models 935:940 The models 931:940 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth 931:998 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 3 32 contain have 583:586 arg2 properties 612:621 different thermodynamic properties 588:621 different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process 588:647 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 3 32 contain have 583:586 arg1 types 564:568 different types 554:568 different types of adsorbate 554:581 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 3 33 theme adsorbate 573:581 arg1 types 564:568 different types 554:568 different types of adsorbate 554:581 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 6 34 theme adsorption 1197:1206 arg1 capacity 1208:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 the highest adsorption capacity 1185:1215 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 8 35 theme adsorption 1486:1495 arg1 mechanism 1497:1505 The adsorption mechanism 1482:1505 The adsorption mechanism 1482:1505 The adsorption mechanism was proposed, and the thermodynamic properties of the adsorption were also studied. 30600491 4 36 theme kinetic 912:918 arg1 equations 920:928 kinetic equations 912:928 kinetic equations 912:928 The parameters of the adsorption were modeled by using isotherm and kinetic equations. 30600491 8 37 theme thermodynamic 1529:1541 arg1 properties 1543:1552 the thermodynamic properties 1525:1552 the thermodynamic properties of the adsorption 1525:1570 The adsorption mechanism was proposed, and the thermodynamic properties of the adsorption were also studied. 30600491 5 38 theme Langmuir 945:952 arg1 models 935:940 The models 931:940 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth 931:998 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 7 39 theme better 1437:1442 arg1 data 1432:1435 the adsorption kinetics data 1408:1435 the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation 1408:1479 The pseudo-second-order model could represent the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation. 30600491 7 40 theme pseudo-second-order 1366:1384 arg1 model 1386:1390 The pseudo-second-order model 1362:1390 The pseudo-second-order model 1362:1390 The pseudo-second-order model could represent the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation. 30600491 1 41 theme Cr 177:178 arg1 removal 143:149 the removal 139:149 the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr 139:178 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 2 42 dep have 399:402 arg1 VI 452:453 VI 452:453 VI 452:453 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 6 43 with Cr 1323:1324 arg1 641.99 mg g-1 1338:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 1335:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C 1335:1359 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 2 44 contain have 399:402 arg1 films 375:379 the composite films 361:379 the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 361:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 44 contain have 399:402 arg2 efficiency 424:433 the highest removal efficiency 404:433 the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr 404:450 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 44 contain have 399:402 arg1 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 44 contain have 399:402 arg1 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 1 45 theme Robust 101:106 arg1 films 129:133 Robust and simple composite films 101:133 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr 101:178 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 2 46 theme composite 365:373 arg1 films 375:379 the composite films 361:379 the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 361:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 46 theme composite 365:373 arg1 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 CSB1:1 392:397 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 2 46 theme composite 365:373 arg1 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 CSB2:3 381:386 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 3 47 theme thermodynamic 598:610 arg1 properties 612:621 different thermodynamic properties 588:621 different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process 588:647 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 5 48 used used 1005:1008 arg2 models 935:940 The models 931:940 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth 931:998 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 5 49 theme 60 °C 1083:1087 arg1 temperature 1056:1066 a temperature 1054:1066 a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C 1054:1087 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 6 50 theme 360.90 mg g-1 1238:1250 arg1 qm 1232:1233 qm 1232:1233 qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C 1232:1259 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 3 51 theme Cr 780:781 arg1 adsorption 766:775 the adsorption 762:775 the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB 762:816 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 1 52 theme simple 112:117 arg1 films 129:133 Robust and simple composite films 101:133 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr 101:178 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 5 53 theme isotherm 1101:1108 arg1 models 1110:1115 the isotherm models 1097:1115 the isotherm models 1097:1115 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 1 54 theme composite 119:127 arg1 films 129:133 Robust and simple composite films 101:133 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr 101:178 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 5 55 theme 30 1071:1072 arg1 temperature 1056:1066 a temperature 1054:1066 a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C 1054:1087 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 2 56 theme highest 408:414 arg1 efficiency 424:433 the highest removal efficiency 404:433 the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr 404:450 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 1 57 dep prepared 194:201 arg1 VI 180:181 VI 180:181 VI 180:181 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 7 58 theme pseudo-first-order 1453:1470 arg1 equation 1472:1479 the pseudo-first-order equation 1449:1479 the pseudo-first-order equation 1449:1479 The pseudo-second-order model could represent the adsorption kinetics data better than the pseudo-first-order equation. 30600491 6 59 from 30 °C 1355:1359 arg1 641.99 mg g-1 1338:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 1335:1350 qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C 1335:1359 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 3 60 theme adsorption 630:639 arg1 process 641:647 the adsorption process 626:647 the adsorption process 626:647 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30600491 0 61 theme methyl 75:80 arg1 orange 82:87 methyl orange 75:87 methyl orange 75:87 Highly adsorptive chitosan/saponin-bentonite composite film for removal of methyl orange and Cr(VI). 30600491 1 62 theme specific 254:261 arg1 ratio 263:267 a specific ratio 252:267 a specific ratio 252:267 Robust and simple composite films for the removal of methyl orange (MO) and Cr(VI) have been prepared by combining chitosan, saponin, and bentonite at a specific ratio. 30600491 5 63 theme adsorption 1026:1035 arg1 data 1046:1049 the adsorption isotherm data 1022:1049 the adsorption isotherm data 1022:1049 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 6 64 theme adsorption 1296:1305 arg1 capacity 1307:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 the highest adsorption capacity 1284:1314 The result indicates that CSB2:3 has the highest adsorption capacity toward MO with qm of 360.90 mg g-1 at 60 °C; meanwhile, CSB1:1 has the highest adsorption capacity toward Cr(VI) with qm 641.99 mg g-1 at 30 °C. 30600491 2 65 theme composite 288:296 arg1 films 298:302 several composite films 280:302 several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared 280:346 There are several composite films (chitosan-saponin-bentonite (CSB)) prepared; among them, the composite films CSB2:3 and CSB1:1 have the highest removal efficiency toward MO and Cr(VI) where the maximum removal is 70.4% (pH 4.80) and 92.3% (pH 5.30), respectively. 30600491 5 66 theme isotherm 1037:1044 arg1 data 1046:1049 the adsorption isotherm data 1022:1049 the adsorption isotherm data 1022:1049 The models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Toth were used for fitting the adsorption isotherm data at a temperature of 30, 45, and 60 °C; all of the isotherm models could represent the data well. 30600491 3 67 theme process 641:647 arg1 properties 612:621 different thermodynamic properties 588:621 different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process 588:647 It was found that different types of adsorbate have different thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process; the adsorption of MO onto CSB2:3, chitosan, and acid-activated bentonite (AAB) proceeded endothermically, while the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto CSB1:1, chitosan, and AAB proceeded exothermically. 30716370 3 0 theme strain 631:636 arg1 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements 614:654 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 6 1 theme Scanning 1034:1041 arg1 Microscopy 1052:1061 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1034:1061 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1034:1061 Their internal texture was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. 30716370 0 2 theme chitosan 75:82 arg1 solutions 84:92 chitosan solutions 75:92 chitosan solutions with various organic acids 75:119 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 1 3 theme further 346:352 arg1 freeze-drying 354:366 further freeze-drying 346:366 further freeze-drying 346:366 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 0 4 with solutions 84:92 arg1 acids 115:119 various organic acids 99:119 various organic acids 99:119 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 0 5 theme various 99:105 arg1 acids 115:119 various organic acids 99:119 various organic acids 99:119 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 3 6 theme Viscosity 614:622 arg1 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements 614:654 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 4 7 theme stiffest 819:826 arg1 macrohydrogels 828:841 the stiffest macrohydrogels 815:841 the stiffest macrohydrogels 815:841 The solutions exhibiting the highest viscosities led to the stiffest macrohydrogels, as a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions. 30716370 1 8 theme electromagnetic 263:277 arg1 technology 299:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 4 9 theme interactions 880:891 arg1 result 849:854 a result 847:854 a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions 847:891 The solutions exhibiting the highest viscosities led to the stiffest macrohydrogels, as a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions. 30716370 7 10 from use 1107:1109 arg1 field 1118:1122 the field 1114:1122 the field of water purification 1114:1144 Water uptake was also measured for further use in the field of water purification. 30716370 7 11 theme Water 1064:1068 arg1 uptake 1070:1075 Water uptake 1064:1075 Water uptake 1064:1075 Water uptake was also measured for further use in the field of water purification. 30716370 5 12 dep 107 m2·g-1 983:992 arg1 to 980:981 to 980:981 to 980:981 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 1 13 theme laminar 279:285 arg1 technology 299:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 2 14 theme NaOH 572:575 arg1 nature 397:402 the acid nature 388:402 the acid nature 388:402 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 1 15 theme solubilizing 165:176 arg1 conditions 178:187 the solubilizing conditions 161:187 the solubilizing conditions 161:187 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 0 16 theme organic 107:113 arg1 acids 115:119 various organic acids 99:119 various organic acids 99:119 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 3 17 theme rate 638:641 arg1 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements 614:654 measurements 643:654 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 5 18 theme freeze-dried 924:935 arg1 beads 937:941 the freeze-dried beads 920:941 the freeze-dried beads 920:941 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 1 19 theme conditions 178:187 arg1 importance 147:156 the importance 143:156 the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 143:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 4 20 theme chitosan 859:866 arg1 interactions 880:891 chitosan carboxylate interactions 859:891 chitosan carboxylate interactions 859:891 The solutions exhibiting the highest viscosities led to the stiffest macrohydrogels, as a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions. 30716370 5 21 from 107 m2·g-1 983:992 arg1 range 966:970 the range 962:970 the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1 962:992 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 2 22 theme bath 566:569 arg1 NaOH 572:575 the gelation bath (NaOH 553:575 the gelation bath (NaOH 553:575 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 0 23 link derived 47:53 arg1 spheres 62:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 2 24 theme acid 392:395 arg1 nature 397:402 the acid nature 388:402 the acid nature 388:402 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 1 25 theme jet 287:289 arg1 technology 299:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 2 26 theme gelation 557:564 arg1 NaOH 572:575 the gelation bath (NaOH 553:575 the gelation bath (NaOH 553:575 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 6 27 theme internal 1001:1008 arg1 texture 1010:1016 Their internal texture 995:1016 Their internal texture 995:1016 Their internal texture was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. 30716370 1 28 theme breakup 291:297 arg1 technology 299:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 263:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 5 29 theme Specific 894:901 arg1 areas 911:915 Specific surface areas 894:915 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads 894:941 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 2 30 dep 0.5 mol·L-1 480:490 arg1 to 477:478 to 477:478 to 477:478 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 0 31 from solutions 84:92 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 0 31 from solutions 84:92 arg1 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 5 32 theme surface 903:909 arg1 areas 911:915 Specific surface areas 894:915 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads 894:941 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 7 33 theme further 1099:1105 arg1 use 1107:1109 further use 1099:1109 further use in the field of water purification 1099:1144 Water uptake was also measured for further use in the field of water purification. 30716370 7 34 theme purification 1133:1144 arg1 field 1118:1122 the field 1114:1122 the field of water purification 1114:1144 Water uptake was also measured for further use in the field of water purification. 30716370 4 35 theme carboxylate 868:878 arg1 interactions 880:891 chitosan carboxylate interactions 859:891 chitosan carboxylate interactions 859:891 The solutions exhibiting the highest viscosities led to the stiffest macrohydrogels, as a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions. 30716370 3 36 theme chitosan 676:683 arg1 solutions 692:700 chitosan acidic solutions 676:700 chitosan acidic solutions 676:700 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 1 37 theme chitosan 212:219 arg1 beads 230:234 chitosan hydrogel beads 212:234 chitosan hydrogel beads 212:234 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 0 38 theme hydrogels 33:41 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 0 38 theme hydrogels 33:41 arg1 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 2 39 theme chitosan 498:505 arg1 % 531:531 2 to 5 wt% 522:531 2 to 5 wt% 522:531 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 39 theme chitosan 498:505 arg1 concentration 507:519 the chitosan concentration 494:519 the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) 494:532 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 1 40 theme hydrogel 221:228 arg1 beads 230:234 chitosan hydrogel beads 212:234 chitosan hydrogel beads 212:234 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 0 41 theme porous 55:60 arg1 spheres 62:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 3 42 theme viscoelastic 710:721 arg1 behaviour 723:731 the viscoelastic behaviour 706:731 the viscoelastic behaviour 706:731 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 3 43 theme acidic 685:690 arg1 solutions 692:700 chitosan acidic solutions 676:700 chitosan acidic solutions 676:700 Viscosity versus strain rate measurements were carried out on chitosan acidic solutions and the viscoelastic behaviour was studied on hydrogels. 30716370 4 44 theme highest 788:794 arg1 viscosities 796:806 the highest viscosities 784:806 the highest viscosities 784:806 The solutions exhibiting the highest viscosities led to the stiffest macrohydrogels, as a result of chitosan carboxylate interactions. 30716370 0 45 theme derived 47:53 arg1 spheres 62:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 derived porous spheres 47:68 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 1 46 theme dried 324:328 arg1 beads 337:341 dried porous beads 324:341 dried porous beads 324:341 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 7 47 theme water 1127:1131 arg1 purification 1133:1144 water purification 1127:1144 water purification 1127:1144 Water uptake was also measured for further use in the field of water purification. 30716370 1 48 theme porous 330:335 arg1 beads 337:341 dried porous beads 324:341 dried porous beads 324:341 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 5 49 theme beads 937:941 arg1 areas 911:915 Specific surface areas 894:915 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads 894:941 Specific surface areas of the freeze-dried beads were determined in the range from 12 to 107 m2·g-1. 30716370 1 50 theme beads 230:234 arg1 elaboration 197:207 the elaboration 193:207 the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology 193:308 This work emphazises the importance of the solubilizing conditions for the elaboration of chitosan hydrogel beads, which were produced using electromagnetic laminar jet breakup technology, resulting in dried porous beads by further freeze-drying. 30716370 2 51 dep 5 wt 527:530 arg1 to 524:525 to 524:525 to 524:525 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 0 52 theme spheres 62:68 arg1 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 characterization 13:28 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 0 52 theme spheres 62:68 arg1 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling 0:7 Prilling and characterization of hydrogels and derived porous spheres from chitosan solutions with various organic acids. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 formic 431:436 formic 431:436 formic 431:436 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 citric 439:444 citric 439:444 citric 439:444 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 malic 466:470 malic 466:470 malic 466:470 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 acetic 423:428 acetic 423:428 acetic 423:428 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 lactic 447:452 lactic 447:452 lactic 447:452 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 maleic 455:460 maleic 455:460 maleic 455:460 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 2 53 dep nature 397:402 arg1 0.5 mol·L-1 480:490 0.5 mol·L-1 480:490 0.5 mol·L-1 480:490 Paramaters such as the acid nature and concentration (acetic, formic, citric, lactic, maleic and malic, 0.1 to 0.5 mol·L-1), the chitosan concentration (2 to 5 wt%) and composition of the gelation bath (NaOH, with or without EtOH) were studied. 30716370 6 54 theme Electron 1043:1050 arg1 Microscopy 1052:1061 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1034:1061 Scanning Electron Microscopy 1034:1061 Their internal texture was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. 31512266 7 0 theme lymphocyte 1490:1499 arg1 ratio 1501:1505 lymphocyte ratio 1490:1505 lymphocyte ratio 1490:1505 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 8 1 from hyporesponsiveness 1661:1678 arg1 piglets 1703:1709 piglets 1703:1709 piglets 1703:1709 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 6 2 theme LPS-infused 1288:1298 arg1 animals 1300:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 7 3 theme tumor 1434:1438 arg1 factor-α 1449:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 3 4 theme × 530:530 arg1 design 544:549 a 2 × 2 factorial design 526:549 a 2 × 2 factorial design 526:549 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 5 5 theme bilirubin 1218:1226 arg1 levels 1228:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 3 6 theme 3-day-old 552:560 arg1 piglets 562:568 3-day-old piglets 552:568 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) 552:577 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 3 6 theme 3-day-old 552:560 arg1 n 571:571 n = 40 571:576 n = 40 571:576 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 4 7 theme stress 841:846 arg1 edema 776:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 4 7 theme stress 841:846 arg1 markers 792:798 blood markers 786:798 blood markers 786:798 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 5 8 theme RESULTS 863:869 arg1 Piglets 871:877 RESULTS Piglets 863:877 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition 863:908 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 9 theme levels 1056:1061 arg1 signs 963:967 signs 963:967 signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 963:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 2 10 theme nutrition 327:335 arg1 status 337:342 poor nutrition status 322:342 poor nutrition status 322:342 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 6 11 theme Perirenal 1237:1245 arg1 edema 1247:1251 Perirenal edema 1237:1251 Perirenal edema 1237:1251 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 6 12 theme LPS-infused 1329:1339 arg1 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 6 12 theme LPS-infused 1329:1339 arg1 animals 1349:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals 1321:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01) 1321:1365 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 3 13 theme optimal 597:603 arg1 composition 619:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition 590:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN 590:635 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 9 14 theme pediatric 1751:1759 arg1 patients 1761:1768 pediatric patients 1751:1768 pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition 1751:1798 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 0 15 from Response 78:85 arg1 Piglets 107:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 8 16 dep CONCLUSIONS 1568:1578 arg1 conclude 1583:1590 conclude 1583:1590 conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets 1583:1709 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 5 17 theme amyloid 1046:1052 arg1 levels 1056:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 18 theme malnutrition 926:937 arg1 signs 917:921 signs 917:921 signs of malnutrition 917:937 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 6 19 from excessive 1262:1270 arg1 animals 1300:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 3 20 theme suboptimal 608:617 arg1 composition 619:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition 590:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN 590:635 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 1 21 from children 191:198 arg1 countries 214:222 low-income countries 203:222 low-income countries 203:222 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 7 22 dep LPS 1418:1420 arg1 haptoglobin 1459:1469 haptoglobin 1459:1469 haptoglobin 1459:1469 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 7 22 dep LPS 1418:1420 arg1 neutrophil 1476:1485 neutrophil 1476:1485 neutrophil 1476:1485 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 7 22 dep LPS 1418:1420 arg1 factor-α 1449:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 7 22 dep LPS 1418:1420 arg1 CRP 1429:1431 lower CRP 1423:1431 lower CRP 1423:1431 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 5 23 theme α-tocopherol/cholesterol 1128:1151 arg1 ratios 1153:1158 α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios 1128:1158 α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios 1128:1158 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 1 24 from children 178:185 arg1 countries 214:222 low-income countries 203:222 low-income countries 203:222 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 5 25 theme stress 1075:1080 arg1 signs 963:967 signs 963:967 signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 963:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 4 26 theme tissue 769:774 arg1 edema 776:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 5 27 theme lower 1083:1087 arg1 glutathione/hemoglobin 1101:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 0 28 from Edema 46:50 arg1 Piglets 107:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 5 29 theme dysfunction 1172:1182 arg1 signs 963:967 signs 963:967 signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 963:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 30 theme restricted 944:953 arg1 growth 955:960 restricted growth 944:960 restricted growth 944:960 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 31 theme increased 1185:1193 arg1 weight 1201:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 7 32 theme LPS-induced 1530:1540 arg1 stress 1552:1557 LPS-induced oxidative stress 1530:1557 LPS-induced oxidative stress markers 1530:1565 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 1 33 theme Poor 127:130 arg1 status 142:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 4 34 theme immunity 803:810 arg1 edema 776:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 4 34 theme immunity 803:810 arg1 markers 792:798 blood markers 786:798 blood markers 786:798 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 2 35 theme endotoxemia-induced 432:450 arg1 edema 452:456 endotoxemia-induced edema 432:456 endotoxemia-induced edema 432:456 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 2 36 theme immune 494:499 arg1 responses 501:509 dysregulated immune responses 481:509 dysregulated immune responses 481:509 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 4 37 theme inflammation 813:824 arg1 edema 776:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 4 37 theme inflammation 813:824 arg1 markers 792:798 blood markers 786:798 blood markers 786:798 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 0 38 theme Impaired 56:63 arg1 Response 78:85 Impaired Inflammatory Response 56:85 Impaired Inflammatory Response 56:85 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 9 39 theme nutrition 1892:1900 arg1 status 1902:1907 normal nutrition status 1885:1907 normal nutrition status 1885:1907 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 9 40 contain have 1729:1732 arg2 implications 1734:1745 implications 1734:1745 implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition 1734:1798 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 9 40 contain have 1729:1732 arg1 finding 1717:1723 This finding 1712:1723 This finding 1712:1723 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 5 41 theme C-reactive 995:1004 arg1 [CRP 1014:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 41 theme C-reactive 995:1004 arg1 inflammation 972:983 inflammation 972:983 inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP] 972:1018 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 1 42 theme hospitalized 165:176 arg1 children 178:185 hospitalized children 165:185 hospitalized children 165:185 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 3 43 theme factorial 534:542 arg1 design 544:549 a 2 × 2 factorial design 526:549 a 2 × 2 factorial design 526:549 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 6 44 from animals 1300:1306 arg1 excessive 1262:1270 excessive 1262:1270 excessive 1262:1270 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 2 45 theme parenteral 390:399 arg1 PN 412:413 PN 412:413 PN 412:413 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 2 45 theme parenteral 390:399 arg1 nutrition 401:409 parenteral nutrition 390:409 parenteral nutrition (PN) 390:414 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 6 46 theme malnourished 1275:1286 arg1 animals 1300:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 malnourished LPS-infused animals 1275:1306 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 2 47 theme poor 322:325 arg1 status 337:342 poor nutrition status 322:342 poor nutrition status 322:342 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 5 48 theme blood 1212:1216 arg1 levels 1228:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 7 49 theme necrosis 1440:1447 arg1 factor-α 1449:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 tumor necrosis factor-α 1434:1456 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 8 50 theme acute-phase 1649:1659 arg1 hyporesponsiveness 1661:1678 acute-phase hyporesponsiveness 1649:1678 acute-phase hyporesponsiveness 1649:1678 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 8 51 from endotoxemia 1597:1607 arg1 combination 1629:1639 combination 1629:1639 combination 1629:1639 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 9 52 theme normal 1885:1890 arg1 status 1902:1907 normal nutrition status 1885:1907 normal nutrition status 1885:1907 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 1 53 theme low-income 203:212 arg1 countries 214:222 low-income countries 203:222 low-income countries 203:222 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 4 54 theme oxidative 831:839 arg1 stress 841:846 oxidative stress 831:846 oxidative stress 831:846 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 7 55 theme lower 1423:1427 arg1 CRP 1429:1431 lower CRP 1423:1431 lower CRP 1423:1431 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 3 56 theme acute-phase 737:747 arg1 reaction 749:756 an acute-phase reaction 734:756 an acute-phase reaction 734:756 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 8 57 from malnutrition 1613:1624 arg1 combination 1629:1639 combination 1629:1639 combination 1629:1639 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 6 58 theme healthy 1321:1327 arg1 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 6 58 theme healthy 1321:1327 arg1 animals 1349:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals 1321:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01) 1321:1365 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 5 59 theme oxidative 1065:1073 arg1 stress 1075:1080 oxidative stress 1065:1080 oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios) 1065:1159 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 1 60 theme nutrition 132:140 arg1 status 142:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 5 61 theme serum 1040:1044 arg1 levels 1056:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 62 theme A 1054:1054 arg1 levels 1056:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 serum amyloid A levels 1040:1061 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 0 63 theme Fed 103:105 arg1 Piglets 107:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Parenterally Fed Piglets 90:113 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 5 64 theme suboptimal 889:898 arg1 nutrition 900:908 suboptimal nutrition 889:908 suboptimal nutrition 889:908 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 65 dep dysfunction 1172:1182 arg1 weight 1201:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 65 dep dysfunction 1172:1182 arg1 levels 1228:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 blood bilirubin levels 1212:1233 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 3 66 theme = 573:573 arg1 piglets 562:568 3-day-old piglets 552:568 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) 552:577 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 3 66 theme = 573:573 arg1 n 571:571 n = 40 571:576 n = 40 571:576 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 7 67 theme stress 1552:1557 arg1 markers 1559:1565 LPS-induced oxidative stress markers 1530:1565 LPS-induced oxidative stress markers 1530:1565 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 8 68 from edema 1694:1698 arg1 piglets 1703:1709 piglets 1703:1709 piglets 1703:1709 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 5 69 theme inflammation 972:983 arg1 signs 963:967 signs 963:967 signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 963:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 9 70 theme bacterial 1822:1830 arg1 infections 1832:1841 bacterial infections 1822:1841 bacterial infections 1822:1841 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 4 71 theme Abdominal 759:767 arg1 edema 776:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema 759:780 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 5 72 theme erythrocyte 1089:1099 arg1 glutathione/hemoglobin 1101:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 6 73 theme control 1341:1347 arg1 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 P < .01 1358:1364 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 6 73 theme control 1341:1347 arg1 animals 1349:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals 1321:1355 healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01) 1321:1365 Perirenal edema was more excessive in malnourished LPS-infused animals, relative to healthy LPS-infused control animals (P < .01). 31512266 0 74 theme Endotoxin-Induced 28:44 arg1 Edema 46:50 Endotoxin-Induced Edema 28:50 Endotoxin-Induced Edema 28:50 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 1 75 theme BACKGROUND 116:125 arg1 status 142:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status 116:147 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 7 76 theme inflammatory 1393:1404 arg1 response 1406:1413 the inflammatory response 1389:1413 the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) 1389:1506 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 2 77 theme oxidative 459:467 arg1 stress 469:474 oxidative stress 459:474 oxidative stress 459:474 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 5 78 theme liver 1195:1199 arg1 weight 1201:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 increased liver weight 1185:1206 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 7 79 theme oxidative 1542:1550 arg1 stress 1552:1557 LPS-induced oxidative stress 1530:1557 LPS-induced oxidative stress markers 1530:1565 Malnutrition reduced the inflammatory response to LPS (lower CRP, tumor necrosis factor-α, haptoglobin, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) but did not influence LPS-induced oxidative stress markers. 31512266 3 80 theme PN 634:635 arg1 composition 619:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition 590:629 either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN 590:635 METHODS Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, 3-day-old piglets (n = 40) were given either optimal or suboptimal composition of PN for 7 days and then infused with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 9 hours to induce an acute-phase reaction. 31512266 0 81 theme Inflammatory 65:76 arg1 Response 78:85 Impaired Inflammatory Response 56:85 Impaired Inflammatory Response 56:85 Malnutrition Predisposes to Endotoxin-Induced Edema and Impaired Inflammatory Response in Parenterally Fed Piglets. 31512266 5 82 theme interleukin-6 1021:1033 arg1 signs 963:967 signs 963:967 signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 963:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 2 83 theme dysregulated 481:492 arg1 responses 501:509 dysregulated immune responses 481:509 dysregulated immune responses 481:509 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 5 84 dep stress 1075:1080 arg1 glutathione/hemoglobin 1101:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin 1083:1122 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 84 dep stress 1075:1080 arg1 ratios 1153:1158 α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios 1128:1158 α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios 1128:1158 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 2 85 theme suboptimal 364:373 arg1 composition 375:385 a suboptimal composition 362:385 a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN) 362:414 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 31512266 8 86 theme perirenal 1684:1692 arg1 edema 1694:1698 perirenal edema 1684:1698 perirenal edema 1684:1698 CONCLUSIONS We conclude that endotoxemia and malnutrition in combination lead to acute-phase hyporesponsiveness and perirenal edema in piglets. 31512266 5 87 theme liver 1166:1170 arg1 dysfunction 1172:1182 liver dysfunction 1166:1182 liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels) 1166:1234 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 88 theme elevated 986:993 arg1 [CRP 1014:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 88 theme elevated 986:993 arg1 inflammation 972:983 inflammation 972:983 inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP] 972:1018 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 9 89 theme status 1902:1907 arg1 patients 1873:1880 patients 1873:1880 patients of normal nutrition status 1873:1907 This finding may have implications for pediatric patients that suffer from malnutrition, as their response to bacterial infections may differ substantially from patients of normal nutrition status. 31512266 1 90 theme increased 251:259 arg1 susceptibility 261:274 increased susceptibility 251:274 increased susceptibility to edema and infections 251:298 BACKGROUND Poor nutrition status is common among hospitalized children and children in low-income countries and may be associated with increased susceptibility to edema and infections. 31512266 5 91 theme protein 1006:1012 arg1 [CRP 1014:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 elevated C-reactive protein [CRP 986:1017 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 5 91 theme protein 1006:1012 arg1 inflammation 972:983 inflammation 972:983 inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP] 972:1018 RESULTS Piglets receiving suboptimal nutrition showed signs of malnutrition with restricted growth, signs of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6, and serum amyloid A levels), oxidative stress (lower erythrocyte glutathione/hemoglobin and α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios), and liver dysfunction (increased liver weight and blood bilirubin levels). 31512266 4 92 theme blood 786:790 arg1 markers 792:798 blood markers 786:798 blood markers 786:798 Abdominal tissue edema and blood markers of immunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. 31512266 2 93 theme nutrition 401:409 arg1 composition 375:385 a suboptimal composition 362:385 a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN) 362:414 We hypothesized that poor nutrition status, established with a suboptimal composition of parenteral nutrition (PN), predisposes to endotoxemia-induced edema, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune responses. 29425765 9 0 theme findings 1375:1382 arg1 interpretation 1351:1364 A possible interpretation 1340:1364 A possible interpretation of these findings 1340:1382 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 6 1 theme DEM 982:984 arg1 usefulness 964:973 the usefulness 960:973 the usefulness of the DEM 960:984 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 5 2 theme a 693:693 arg1 parameter 695:703 the a parameter 689:703 the a parameter 689:703 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 9 3 from particles 1450:1458 arg1 vicinity 1467:1474 the vicinity 1463:1474 the vicinity of large particles 1463:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 5 4 from variations 739:748 arg1 porosity 757:764 the porosity 753:764 the porosity of the initial granule beds 753:792 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 8 5 theme particle 1325:1332 arg1 size 1334:1337 particle size 1325:1337 particle size 1325:1337 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 4 6 theme experimental 557:568 arg1 a 579:579 experimental Kawakita a 557:579 experimental Kawakita a 557:579 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 7 7 theme tablets 1130:1136 arg1 strength 1107:1114 the tensile strength 1095:1114 the tensile strength of the formed tablets 1095:1136 For all mixtures, the tensile strength of the formed tablets increased with increasing applied pressure. 29425765 7 8 theme formed 1123:1128 arg1 tablets 1130:1136 the formed tablets 1119:1136 the formed tablets 1119:1136 For all mixtures, the tensile strength of the formed tablets increased with increasing applied pressure. 29425765 8 9 from differences 1310:1320 arg1 size 1334:1337 particle size 1325:1337 particle size 1325:1337 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 9 10 theme particles 1485:1493 arg1 vicinity 1467:1474 the vicinity 1463:1474 the vicinity of large particles 1463:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 4 11 theme weight 648:653 arg1 fraction 655:662 weight fraction 648:662 weight fraction of large particles 648:681 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 0 12 theme DEM 88:90 arg1 simulations 92:102 DEM simulations 88:102 DEM simulations 88:102 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 6 13 theme relative 994:1001 arg1 densities 1003:1011 high relative densities 989:1011 high relative densities 989:1011 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 5 14 theme initial 773:779 arg1 beds 789:792 the initial granule beds 769:792 the initial granule beds 769:792 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 7 15 theme tensile 1099:1105 arg1 strength 1107:1114 the tensile strength 1095:1114 the tensile strength of the formed tablets 1095:1136 For all mixtures, the tensile strength of the formed tablets increased with increasing applied pressure. 29425765 6 16 used used 1071:1074 arg2 model 1062:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 1 17 theme bimodal 168:174 arg1 mixtures 176:183 bimodal mixtures 168:183 bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose 168:252 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 5 18 theme granule 781:787 arg1 beds 789:792 the initial granule beds 769:792 the initial granule beds 769:792 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 1 19 theme mixtures 176:183 arg1 compactibility 149:162 compactibility 149:162 compactibility 149:162 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 19 theme mixtures 176:183 arg1 ability 140:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 19 theme mixtures 176:183 arg1 Compressibility 105:119 Compressibility 105:119 Compressibility 105:119 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 3 20 theme multi-body 399:408 arg1 law 418:420 A multi-body contact law 397:420 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 397:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 4 21 dep parameters 589:598 arg1 both 600:603 both 600:603 both 600:603 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 9 22 theme possible 1342:1349 arg1 interpretation 1351:1364 A possible interpretation 1340:1364 A possible interpretation of these findings 1340:1382 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 3 23 theme contact 440:446 arg1 dependence 448:457 contact dependence 440:457 contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 440:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 3 24 theme contact 410:416 arg1 law 418:420 A multi-body contact law 397:420 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 397:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 6 25 theme high 989:992 arg1 densities 1003:1011 high relative densities 989:1011 high relative densities 989:1011 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 9 26 theme particles 1450:1458 arg1 support 1433:1439 lateral support 1425:1439 lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1425:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 1 27 theme discrete 307:314 arg1 DEM 332:334 DEM 332:334 DEM 332:334 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 27 theme discrete 307:314 arg1 method 324:329 the discrete element method 303:329 the discrete element method (DEM) 303:335 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 9 28 from support 1433:1439 arg1 terms 1401:1405 terms 1401:1405 terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1401:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 9 28 from support 1433:1439 arg1 vicinity 1467:1474 the vicinity 1463:1474 the vicinity of large particles 1463:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 9 29 theme small 1444:1448 arg1 particles 1450:1458 small particles 1444:1458 small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1444:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 1 30 theme sized 200:204 arg1 granules 206:213 differently sized granules 188:213 differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose 188:252 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 31 theme element 316:322 arg1 DEM 332:334 DEM 332:334 DEM 332:334 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 31 theme element 316:322 arg1 method 324:329 the discrete element method 303:329 the discrete element method (DEM) 303:335 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 6 32 theme numerical 876:884 arg1 results 886:892 The numerical results 872:892 The numerical results 872:892 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 1 33 theme granules 206:213 arg1 mixtures 176:183 bimodal mixtures 168:183 bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose 168:252 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 5 34 theme 1/b 803:805 arg1 parameter 807:815 the 1/b parameter 799:815 the 1/b parameter 799:815 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 3 35 theme DEM 536:538 arg1 simulations 540:550 the DEM simulations 532:550 the DEM simulations 532:550 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 9 36 theme large 1479:1483 arg1 particles 1485:1493 large particles 1479:1493 large particles 1479:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 3 37 theme plastic 474:480 arg1 hardening 510:518 plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 474:518 plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 474:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 6 38 theme multi-particle 1039:1052 arg1 model 1062:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 4 39 theme a 579:579 arg1 parameters 589:598 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters 553:598 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both 553:603 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 7 40 theme applied 1164:1170 arg1 pressure 1172:1179 applied pressure 1164:1179 applied pressure 1164:1179 For all mixtures, the tensile strength of the formed tablets increased with increasing applied pressure. 29425765 4 41 dep composition 635:645 arg1 fraction 655:662 weight fraction 648:662 weight fraction of large particles 648:681 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 3 42 used used 524:527 arg2 law 418:420 A multi-body contact law 397:420 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 397:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 3 43 theme incompressibility/geometric 482:508 arg1 hardening 510:518 plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 474:518 plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening 474:518 A multi-body contact law that accounts for contact dependence resulting from plastic incompressibility/geometric hardening was used in the DEM simulations. 29425765 0 44 theme granule 54:60 arg1 mixtures 62:69 bimodal granule mixtures 46:69 bimodal granule mixtures 46:69 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 4 45 theme Kawakita 570:577 arg1 a 579:579 experimental Kawakita a 557:579 experimental Kawakita a 557:579 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 5 46 theme other 818:822 arg1 factors 824:830 other factors 818:830 other factors 818:830 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 8 47 theme large 1304:1308 arg1 differences 1310:1320 large differences 1304:1320 large differences in particle size 1304:1337 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 0 48 theme bimodal 46:52 arg1 mixtures 62:69 bimodal granule mixtures 46:69 bimodal granule mixtures 46:69 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 4 49 theme 1/b 585:587 arg1 parameters 589:598 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters 553:598 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both 553:603 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 9 50 from differences 1410:1420 arg1 support 1433:1439 lateral support 1425:1439 lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1425:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 9 51 from vicinity 1467:1474 arg1 support 1433:1439 lateral support 1425:1439 lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1425:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 1 52 theme tablet 125:130 arg1 ability 140:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 0 53 dep forming 27:33 arg1 Experiments 72:82 Experiments 72:82 Experiments 72:82 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 0 53 dep forming 27:33 arg1 simulations 92:102 DEM simulations 88:102 DEM simulations 88:102 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 1 54 theme forming 132:138 arg1 ability 140:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 tablet forming ability 125:146 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 1 55 theme microcrystalline 227:242 arg1 cellulose 244:252 microcrystalline cellulose 227:252 microcrystalline cellulose 227:252 Compressibility and tablet forming ability (compactibility) of bimodal mixtures of differently sized granules formed from microcrystalline cellulose were studied experimentally and numerically with the discrete element method (DEM). 29425765 9 56 from terms 1401:1405 arg1 support 1433:1439 lateral support 1425:1439 lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1425:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 9 57 theme lateral 1425:1431 arg1 support 1433:1439 lateral support 1425:1439 lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1425:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 2 58 theme Compression 338:348 arg1 data 350:353 Compression data 338:353 Compression data 338:353 Compression data was analysed using the Kawakita equation. 29425765 8 59 theme large 1251:1255 arg1 particle 1257:1264 large particle 1251:1264 large particle 1251:1264 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 6 60 theme suitable 1030:1037 arg1 model 1062:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 5 61 theme beds 789:792 arg1 porosity 757:764 the porosity 753:764 the porosity of the initial granule beds 753:792 For the a parameter, this dependence was explained by variations in the porosity of the initial granule beds; for the 1/b parameter, other factors were found to be of importance as well. 29425765 6 62 theme contact 1054:1060 arg1 model 1062:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 a suitable multi-particle contact model 1028:1066 The numerical results generally compared favourably with the experiments, demonstrating the usefulness of the DEM at high relative densities, provided that a suitable multi-particle contact model is used. 29425765 8 63 theme tensile 1186:1192 arg1 strength 1194:1201 The tensile strength 1182:1201 The tensile strength 1182:1201 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 8 64 theme particle 1257:1264 arg1 fraction 1239:1246 fraction 1239:1246 fraction of large particle 1239:1264 The tensile strength generally decreased with increasing fraction of large particle, and this decrease was more rapid for large differences in particle size. 29425765 4 65 theme particles 673:681 arg1 fraction 655:662 weight fraction 648:662 weight fraction of large particles 648:681 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 29425765 0 66 theme mixtures 62:69 arg1 ability 35:41 ability 35:41 ability of bimodal granule mixtures 35:69 Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. 29425765 9 67 theme differences 1410:1420 arg1 terms 1401:1405 terms 1401:1405 terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles 1401:1493 A possible interpretation of these findings was proposed, in terms of differences in lateral support of small particles in the vicinity of large particles. 29425765 2 68 theme Kawakita 378:385 arg1 equation 387:394 the Kawakita equation 374:394 the Kawakita equation 374:394 Compression data was analysed using the Kawakita equation. 29425765 4 69 theme large 667:671 arg1 particles 673:681 large particles 667:681 large particles 667:681 The experimental Kawakita a and 1/b parameters both depended non-monotonically on composition (weight fraction of large particles). 31339598 0 0 from effects 13:19 arg1 axis 70:73 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 45:73 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 45:73 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 10 1 theme MS 1495:1496 arg1 impact 1485:1490 the long-term impact 1471:1490 the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex 1471:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 11 2 theme genus 1687:1691 arg1 level 1693:1697 family and genus level 1676:1697 level 1693:1697 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 0 3 dep fat 125:127 arg1 membrane 137:144 globule membrane 129:144 globule membrane 129:144 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 11 4 theme family 1676:1681 arg1 level 1693:1697 family and genus level 1676:1697 level 1693:1697 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 6 5 theme caecal 864:869 arg1 composition 882:892 the caecal microbiota composition 860:892 the caecal microbiota composition 860:892 Gene transcripts associated with cognition and stress and the caecal microbiota composition were analysed. 31339598 2 6 theme long-term 378:386 arg1 alterations 388:398 long-term alterations 378:398 long-term alterations 378:398 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 7 7 dep MFGM 1016:1019 arg1 blend 1035:1039 blend 1035:1039 blend 1035:1039 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 11 8 theme influencing 1710:1720 arg1 levels 1737:1742 influencing beta-diversity levels 1710:1742 influencing beta-diversity levels 1710:1742 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 0 9 theme dietary 91:97 arg1 supplementation 99:113 dietary supplementation 91:113 dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend 91:166 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 8 10 theme spatial 1055:1061 arg1 learning 1063:1070 learning 1063:1070 learning 1063:1070 Furthermore, spatial learning and memory were improved by prebiotics and MFGM alone and with the combination. 31339598 3 11 theme prebiotic 600:608 arg1 blend 610:614 a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 561:615 a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 561:615 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 1 12 theme physiological 290:302 arg1 processes 304:312 physiological processes 290:312 physiological processes 290:312 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 10 13 theme long-term 1475:1483 arg1 impact 1485:1490 the long-term impact 1471:1490 the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex 1471:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 7 14 theme MFGM 1016:1019 arg1 combination 1001:1011 the combination 997:1011 the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend 997:1039 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 3 15 theme milk 524:527 arg1 interventions 509:521 dietary interventions 501:521 dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] 501:555 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 3 15 theme milk 524:527 arg1 [MFGM 550:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 7 16 theme visceral 920:927 arg1 hypersensitivity 929:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity 909:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity 909:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 1 17 theme processes 304:312 arg1 dysfunction 275:285 stress-induced dysfunction 260:285 stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development 260:334 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 11 18 from level 1588:1592 arg1 microbiota 1567:1576 the microbiota 1563:1576 the microbiota at family level 1563:1592 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 12 19 theme stress 1928:1933 arg1 effects 1906:1912 the long-term effects 1892:1912 the long-term effects of early-life stress 1892:1933 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 9 20 dep prebiotics 1199:1208 arg1 the 1195:1197 the 1195:1197 the 1195:1197 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 21 theme coping 1358:1363 arg1 mechanisms 1365:1374 coping mechanisms 1358:1374 coping mechanisms to stressful events 1358:1394 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 22 from beneficial 1332:1341 arg1 times 1346:1350 times 1346:1350 times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required 1346:1407 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 10 23 theme myelination 1513:1523 arg1 marker 1503:1508 a marker 1501:1508 a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex 1501:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 12 24 theme prebiotic 1787:1795 arg1 blend 1797:1801 prebiotic blend 1787:1801 prebiotic blend 1787:1801 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 1 25 theme Nutritional 169:179 arg1 interventions 181:193 Nutritional interventions 169:193 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis 169:233 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 0 26 theme enduring 4:11 arg1 effects 13:19 The enduring effects 0:19 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis 0:73 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 7 27 with extent 985:990 arg1 combination 1001:1011 the combination 997:1011 the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend 997:1039 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 0 28 with supplementation 99:113 arg1 fat 125:127 milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend 120:166 fat 125:127 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 0 28 with supplementation 99:113 arg1 blend 162:166 a prebiotic blend 150:166 a prebiotic blend 150:166 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 3 29 theme blend 610:614 arg1 effects 490:496 the effects 486:496 the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 486:615 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 7 30 theme MS-induced 909:918 arg1 hypersensitivity 929:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity 909:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity 909:944 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 2 31 theme pain 414:417 arg1 responses 419:427 pain responses 414:427 pain responses 414:427 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 10 32 from impact 1485:1490 arg1 marker 1503:1508 a marker 1501:1508 a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex 1501:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 10 33 theme prefrontal 1532:1541 arg1 cortex 1543:1548 the prefrontal cortex 1528:1548 the prefrontal cortex 1528:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 10 34 theme prebiotic 1453:1461 arg1 combination 1429:1439 the combination 1425:1439 the combination of MFGM and prebiotic 1425:1461 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 9 35 theme prebiotic 1156:1164 arg1 blend 1166:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 36 from times 1346:1350 arg1 beneficial 1332:1341 beneficial 1332:1341 beneficial 1332:1341 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 36 from times 1346:1350 arg1 stress 1311:1316 the restraint stress 1297:1316 the restraint stress 1297:1316 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 1 37 theme brain 318:322 arg1 development 324:334 brain development 318:334 brain development 318:334 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 5 38 theme visceral 731:738 arg1 sensitivity 740:750 visceral sensitivity 731:750 visceral sensitivity 731:750 Spatial memory, visceral sensitivity and stress reactivity were assessed in adulthood. 31339598 9 39 theme HPA 1276:1278 arg1 axis 1280:1283 HPA axis 1276:1283 HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required 1276:1407 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 3 40 theme polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide 563:598 arg1 blend 610:614 a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 561:615 a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 561:615 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 7 41 theme prebiotic 1025:1033 arg1 combination 1001:1011 the combination 997:1011 the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend 997:1039 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 2 42 theme brain 449:453 arg1 neurochemistry 455:468 brain neurochemistry 449:468 brain neurochemistry 449:468 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 1 43 theme development 324:334 arg1 dysfunction 275:285 stress-induced dysfunction 260:285 stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development 260:334 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 0 44 theme milk 120:123 arg1 fat 125:127 milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend 120:166 fat 125:127 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 9 45 theme axis 1280:1283 arg1 response 1285:1292 HPA axis response 1276:1292 HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required 1276:1407 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 2 46 theme Maternal 337:344 arg1 separation 346:355 Maternal separation 337:355 Maternal separation (MS) in rats 337:368 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 2 46 theme Maternal 337:344 arg1 MS 358:359 MS 358:359 MS 358:359 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 1 47 theme microbiota-gut-brain 209:228 arg1 axis 230:233 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 205:233 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 205:233 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 31339598 0 48 theme stress 35:40 arg1 effects 13:19 The enduring effects 0:19 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis 0:73 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 10 49 theme MFGM 1444:1447 arg1 combination 1429:1439 the combination 1425:1439 the combination of MFGM and prebiotic 1425:1461 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 11 50 theme beta-diversity 1722:1735 arg1 levels 1737:1742 influencing beta-diversity levels 1710:1742 influencing beta-diversity levels 1710:1742 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 12 51 with intervention 1760:1771 arg1 MFGM 1778:1781 MFGM 1778:1781 MFGM 1778:1781 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 12 51 with intervention 1760:1771 arg1 blend 1797:1801 prebiotic blend 1787:1801 prebiotic blend 1787:1801 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 11 52 theme family 1581:1586 arg1 level 1588:1592 family level 1581:1592 family level 1581:1592 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 0 53 theme early-life 24:33 arg1 stress 35:40 early-life stress 24:40 early-life stress 24:40 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 0 54 theme globule 129:135 arg1 membrane 137:144 globule membrane 129:144 globule membrane 129:144 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 2 55 theme gut 430:432 arg1 microbiome 434:443 gut microbiome 430:443 gut microbiome 430:443 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 9 56 theme stressful 1379:1387 arg1 events 1389:1394 stressful events 1379:1394 stressful events 1379:1394 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 6 57 theme Gene 802:805 arg1 transcripts 807:817 Gene transcripts 802:817 Gene transcripts associated with cognition and stress 802:854 Gene transcripts associated with cognition and stress and the caecal microbiota composition were analysed. 31339598 3 58 theme interventions 509:521 arg1 effects 490:496 the effects 486:496 the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) 486:615 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 5 59 theme stress 756:761 arg1 reactivity 763:772 stress reactivity 756:772 stress reactivity 756:772 Spatial memory, visceral sensitivity and stress reactivity were assessed in adulthood. 31339598 5 60 theme Spatial 715:721 arg1 memory 723:728 Spatial memory 715:728 Spatial memory 715:728 Spatial memory, visceral sensitivity and stress reactivity were assessed in adulthood. 31339598 9 61 theme restraint 1301:1309 arg1 beneficial 1332:1341 beneficial 1332:1341 beneficial 1332:1341 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 61 theme restraint 1301:1309 arg1 stress 1311:1316 the restraint stress 1297:1316 the restraint stress 1297:1316 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 12 62 theme early-life 1917:1926 arg1 stress 1928:1933 early-life stress 1917:1933 early-life stress 1917:1933 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 3 63 theme fat 529:531 arg1 interventions 509:521 dietary interventions 501:521 dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] 501:555 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 3 63 theme fat 529:531 arg1 [MFGM 550:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 7 64 theme greater 977:983 arg1 extent 985:990 greater extent 977:990 greater extent 977:990 MS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was ameliorated by MFGM and to greater extent with the combination of MFGM and prebiotic blend. 31339598 10 65 from marker 1503:1508 arg1 cortex 1543:1548 the prefrontal cortex 1528:1548 the prefrontal cortex 1528:1548 Interestingly, the combination of MFGM and prebiotic reduced the long-term impact of MS on a marker of myelination in the prefrontal cortex. 31339598 12 66 theme long-term 1896:1904 arg1 effects 1906:1912 the long-term effects 1892:1912 the long-term effects of early-life stress 1892:1933 In conclusion, intervention with MFGM and prebiotic blend significantly impacted the composition of the microbiota as well as ameliorating some of the long-term effects of early-life stress. 31339598 9 67 theme prebiotics 1199:1208 arg1 blend 1166:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 67 theme prebiotics 1199:1208 arg1 combination 1180:1190 the combination 1176:1190 the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM 1176:1217 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 0 68 theme prebiotic 152:160 arg1 blend 162:166 a prebiotic blend 150:166 a prebiotic blend 150:166 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 3 69 theme dietary 501:507 arg1 interventions 509:521 dietary interventions 501:521 dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] 501:555 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 3 69 theme dietary 501:507 arg1 [MFGM 550:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 6 70 theme microbiota 871:880 arg1 composition 882:892 the caecal microbiota composition 860:892 the caecal microbiota composition 860:892 Gene transcripts associated with cognition and stress and the caecal microbiota composition were analysed. 31339598 9 71 theme MFGM 1214:1217 arg1 blend 1166:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend 1152:1170 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 9 71 theme MFGM 1214:1217 arg1 combination 1180:1190 the combination 1176:1190 the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM 1176:1217 The prebiotic blend and the combination of the prebiotics and MFGM appeared to facilitate return to baseline with regard to HPA axis response to the restraint stress, which can be beneficial in times where coping mechanisms to stressful events are required. 31339598 3 72 theme globule 533:539 arg1 interventions 509:521 dietary interventions 501:521 dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] 501:555 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 3 72 theme globule 533:539 arg1 [MFGM 550:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 4 73 theme postnatal 658:666 arg1 day 668:670 postnatal day 21 658:673 postnatal day 21 658:673 Diets were provided from postnatal day 21 to both non-separated and MS offspring. 31339598 0 74 theme microbiota-gut-brain 49:68 arg1 axis 70:73 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 45:73 the microbiota-gut-brain axis 45:73 The enduring effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis are buffered by dietary supplementation with milk fat globule membrane and a prebiotic blend. 31339598 11 75 theme prebiotic 1616:1624 arg1 blend 1626:1630 the prebiotic blend 1612:1630 the prebiotic blend 1612:1630 MS affected the microbiota at family level only, while MFGM, the prebiotic blend and the combination influenced abundance at family and genus level as well as influencing beta-diversity levels. 31339598 4 76 dep non-separated 683:695 arg1 offspring 704:712 offspring 704:712 offspring 704:712 Diets were provided from postnatal day 21 to both non-separated and MS offspring. 31339598 3 77 theme membrane 541:548 arg1 interventions 509:521 dietary interventions 501:521 dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] 501:555 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 3 77 theme membrane 541:548 arg1 [MFGM 550:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 milk fat globule membrane [MFGM 524:554 In this study, the effects of dietary interventions (milk fat globule membrane [MFGM] and a polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic blend) were evaluated. 31339598 2 78 from separation 346:355 arg1 rats 365:368 rats 365:368 rats 365:368 Maternal separation (MS) in rats induces long-term alterations to behaviour, pain responses, gut microbiome and brain neurochemistry. 31339598 1 79 theme stress-induced 260:273 arg1 dysfunction 275:285 stress-induced dysfunction 260:285 stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development 260:334 Nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis are proposed to modulate stress-induced dysfunction of physiological processes and brain development. 30519790 0 0 theme engineering 96:106 arg1 applications 108:119 tissue engineering applications 89:119 tissue engineering applications 89:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 4 1 dep size 569:572 arg1 2.0 µm 575:580 2.0 µm 575:580 mean particle size: 2.0 µm 555:580 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 5 2 theme samples 669:675 arg1 properties 651:660 the biological properties 636:660 the biological properties of the samples 636:675 Moreover, the biological properties of the samples were evaluated by encapsulating MG-63 osteosarcoma cells into the microcapsules. 30519790 9 3 theme bioinks 1146:1152 arg1 development 1120:1130 the development 1116:1130 the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches 1116:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 0 4 theme tissue 89:94 arg1 applications 108:119 tissue engineering applications 89:119 tissue engineering applications 89:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 7 5 contain have 885:888 arg1 presence 846:853 the presence 842:853 the presence of 0.5% BG particle 842:873 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 7 5 contain have 885:888 arg2 effect 907:912 initial negative effect 890:912 initial negative effect on cell growth 890:927 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 0 6 contain containing 58:67 arg1 microcapsules 44:56 composite microcapsules 34:56 composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications 34:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 0 6 contain containing 58:67 arg2 glass 79:83 bioactive glass 69:83 bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications 69:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 6 7 from viability 767:775 arg1 samples 784:790 all samples 780:790 all samples 780:790 The cell viability in all samples increased during 21 days of cultivation. 30519790 4 8 theme particles 544:552 arg1 incorporation 524:536 The incorporation 520:536 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) 520:581 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 8 9 theme other 974:978 arg1 hand 980:983 the other hand 970:983 the other hand 970:983 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 7 10 theme initial 890:896 arg1 effect 907:912 initial negative effect 890:912 initial negative effect on cell growth 890:927 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 4 11 theme materials 615:623 arg1 bioactivity 596:606 the bioactivity 592:606 the bioactivity of the materials 592:623 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 9 12 theme bioactive 1178:1186 arg1 particles 1188:1196 inorganic bioactive particles 1168:1196 inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches 1168:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 2 13 dep transform 366:374 arg1 infrared 376:383 infrared 376:383 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 366:403 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 5 14 theme biological 640:649 arg1 properties 651:660 the biological properties 636:660 the biological properties of the samples 636:675 Moreover, the biological properties of the samples were evaluated by encapsulating MG-63 osteosarcoma cells into the microcapsules. 30519790 2 15 theme light 301:305 arg1 microscopy 307:316 light microscopy 301:316 light microscopy 301:316 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 3 16 theme higher 458:463 arg1 rate 477:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 9 17 theme biofabrication 1202:1215 arg1 approaches 1217:1226 biofabrication approaches 1202:1226 biofabrication approaches 1202:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 6 18 theme cultivation 820:830 arg1 days 812:815 21 days 809:815 21 days of cultivation 809:830 The cell viability in all samples increased during 21 days of cultivation. 30519790 1 19 dep alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 ADA-keratin-45S5 201:216 ADA-keratin-45S5 201:216 ADA-keratin-45S5 201:216 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 1 19 dep alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 -keratin 188:195 -keratin 188:195 -keratin 188:195 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 1 19 dep alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 bioactive 218:226 bioactive 218:226 bioactive 218:226 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 1 19 dep alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 ADA 184:186 ADA 184:186 ADA 184:186 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 7 20 theme BG 863:864 arg1 particle 866:873 0.5% BG particle 858:873 0.5% BG particle 858:873 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 3 21 theme degradation 465:475 arg1 rate 477:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 0 22 theme laden 5:9 arg1 alginate-keratin 11:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin 0:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin 0:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 8 23 theme positive 990:997 arg1 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 8 23 theme positive 990:997 arg1 effect 999:1004 the positive effect 986:1004 the positive effect of CaP formation 986:1021 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 7 24 theme particle 866:873 arg1 presence 846:853 the presence 842:853 the presence of 0.5% BG particle 842:873 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 0 25 theme Cell 0:3 arg1 alginate-keratin 11:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin 0:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin 0:26 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 8 26 theme CaP 1009:1011 arg1 formation 1013:1021 CaP formation 1009:1021 CaP formation 1009:1021 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 7 27 theme 0.5 858:860 arg1 % 861:861 % 861:861 % 861:861 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 8 28 theme formation 1013:1021 arg1 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 8 28 theme formation 1013:1021 arg1 effect 999:1004 the positive effect 986:1004 the positive effect of CaP formation 986:1021 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 8 29 from visible 1027:1033 arg1 samples 1070:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 8 30 theme containing 1059:1068 arg1 samples 1070:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 7 31 theme other 941:945 arg1 samples 947:953 other samples 941:953 other samples without BG 941:964 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 2 32 dep Fourier 358:364 arg1 transform 366:374 transform 366:374 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 366:403 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 7 33 theme % 861:861 arg1 particle 866:873 0.5% BG particle 858:873 0.5% BG particle 858:873 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 8 34 theme BG 1056:1057 arg1 samples 1070:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 the BG containing samples 1052:1076 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 2 35 theme scanning 319:326 arg1 SEM 349:351 SEM 349:351 SEM 349:351 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 2 35 theme scanning 319:326 arg1 microscopy 337:346 scanning electron microscopy 319:346 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 319:352 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 3 36 theme alginate-based 494:507 arg1 materials 509:517 alginate-based materials 494:517 alginate-based materials 494:517 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 0 37 theme composite 34:42 arg1 microcapsules 44:56 composite microcapsules 34:56 composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications 34:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 4 38 theme particle 560:567 arg1 size 569:572 mean particle size 555:572 mean particle size: 2.0 µm 555:580 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 3 39 theme ADA-based 430:438 arg1 materials 440:448 ADA-based materials 430:448 ADA-based materials 430:448 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 1 40 dep bioactive 218:226 arg1 alginate 163:170 alginate 163:170 alginate 163:170 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 1 40 dep bioactive 218:226 arg1 dialdehyde 172:181 dialdehyde 172:181 dialdehyde 172:181 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 0 41 theme bioactive 69:77 arg1 glass 79:83 bioactive glass 69:83 bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications 69:119 Cell laden alginate-keratin based composite microcapsules containing bioactive glass for tissue engineering applications. 30519790 4 42 theme mean 555:558 arg1 size 569:572 mean particle size 555:572 mean particle size: 2.0 µm 555:580 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 5 43 theme MG-63 709:713 arg1 cells 728:732 MG-63 osteosarcoma cells 709:732 MG-63 osteosarcoma cells 709:732 Moreover, the biological properties of the samples were evaluated by encapsulating MG-63 osteosarcoma cells into the microcapsules. 30519790 3 44 contain possess 450:456 arg1 materials 440:448 ADA-based materials 430:448 ADA-based materials 430:448 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 3 44 contain possess 450:456 arg2 rate 477:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 higher degradation rate 458:480 The results showed that ADA-based materials possess higher degradation rate compared to alginate-based materials. 30519790 1 45 theme alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 BG 235:236 BG 235:236 BG 235:236 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 1 45 theme alginate-keratin 145:160 arg1 glass 228:232 alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass 145:232 alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) 145:237 Microcapsules based on alginate-keratin, alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-keratin and ADA-keratin-45S5 bioactive glass (BG) were successfully prepared. 30519790 5 46 theme osteosarcoma 715:726 arg1 cells 728:732 MG-63 osteosarcoma cells 709:732 MG-63 osteosarcoma cells 709:732 Moreover, the biological properties of the samples were evaluated by encapsulating MG-63 osteosarcoma cells into the microcapsules. 30519790 9 47 theme inorganic 1168:1176 arg1 particles 1188:1196 inorganic bioactive particles 1168:1196 inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches 1168:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 2 48 theme electron 328:335 arg1 SEM 349:351 SEM 349:351 SEM 349:351 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 2 48 theme electron 328:335 arg1 microscopy 337:346 scanning electron microscopy 319:346 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 319:352 The samples were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). 30519790 7 49 from effect 907:912 arg1 growth 922:927 cell growth 917:927 cell growth 917:927 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 9 50 theme laden 1140:1144 arg1 bioinks 1146:1152 cell laden bioinks 1135:1152 cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches 1135:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 8 51 from samples 1070:1076 arg1 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 visible 1027:1033 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 8 51 from samples 1070:1076 arg1 effect 999:1004 the positive effect 986:1004 the positive effect of CaP formation 986:1021 On the other hand, the positive effect of CaP formation was visible after 3 weeks in the BG containing samples. 30519790 9 52 theme cell 1135:1138 arg1 bioinks 1146:1152 cell laden bioinks 1135:1152 cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches 1135:1226 The results are relevant to consider the development of cell laden bioinks incorporating inorganic bioactive particles for biofabrication approaches. 30519790 7 53 theme cell 917:920 arg1 growth 922:927 cell growth 917:927 cell growth 917:927 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 4 54 theme BG 541:542 arg1 particles 544:552 BG particles 541:552 BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) 541:581 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 30519790 6 55 theme cell 762:765 arg1 viability 767:775 The cell viability 758:775 The cell viability in all samples 758:790 The cell viability in all samples increased during 21 days of cultivation. 30519790 7 56 theme negative 898:905 arg1 effect 907:912 initial negative effect 890:912 initial negative effect on cell growth 890:927 However, the presence of 0.5% BG particle seemed to have initial negative effect on cell growth compared to other samples without BG. 30519790 4 57 dep particles 544:552 arg1 size 569:572 mean particle size 555:572 mean particle size: 2.0 µm 555:580 The incorporation of BG particles (mean particle size: 2.0 µm) improved the bioactivity of the materials. 29804964 0 0 theme Colocasia 82:90 arg1 amadumbe 72:79 amadumbe 72:79 amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) 72:101 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 0 0 theme Colocasia 82:90 arg1 esculenta 92:100 Colocasia esculenta 82:100 Colocasia esculenta 82:100 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 6 1 theme Newtonian 1008:1016 arg1 behaviour 1023:1031 a Newtonian flow behaviour 1006:1031 a Newtonian flow behaviour 1006:1031 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 1 2 theme extensive 134:142 arg1 application 144:154 The extensive application 130:154 The extensive application 130:154 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 5 3 theme stronger 760:767 arg1 bonds 783:787 stronger glycosylation bonds 760:787 stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) 760:836 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 5 3 theme stronger 760:767 arg1 those 797:801 those 797:801 those 797:801 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 6 4 theme mucilages 896:904 arg1 depolymerisation 872:887 thermal depolymerisation 864:887 thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 864:934 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 7 5 theme potential 1094:1102 arg1 emulsifier 1104:1113 a potential emulsifier 1092:1113 a potential emulsifier 1092:1113 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 5 theme potential 1094:1102 arg1 mucilage 1076:1083 Amadumbe mucilage 1067:1083 Amadumbe mucilage 1067:1083 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 6 6 dep mucilage 927:934 arg1 up 906:907 up 906:907 up 906:907 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 4 7 from Fractionation 566:578 arg1 column 634:639 an anion-exchange column 616:639 an anion-exchange column 616:639 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 1 8 from application 144:154 arg1 industry 185:192 the food industry 176:192 the food industry 176:192 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 0 9 dep cactus 107:112 arg1 spp 123:125 Opuntia spp. 115:126 Opuntia spp. 115:126 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 6 10 theme amadumbe 981:988 arg1 mucilage 990:997 amadumbe mucilage 981:997 amadumbe mucilage 981:997 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 7 11 theme thickening 1168:1177 arg1 agent 1194:1198 a thickening or emulsifying agent 1166:1198 agent 1194:1198 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 11 theme thickening 1168:1177 arg1 mucilage 1130:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 6 12 theme Cactus 920:925 arg1 mucilage 927:934 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 912:934 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 912:934 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 3 13 theme monosaccharides 476:490 arg1 composition 461:471 a similar qualitative composition 439:471 a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids 439:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 3 14 theme qualitative 449:459 arg1 composition 461:471 a similar qualitative composition 439:471 a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids 439:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 7 15 theme Amadumbe 1067:1074 arg1 emulsifier 1104:1113 a potential emulsifier 1092:1113 a potential emulsifier 1092:1113 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 15 theme Amadumbe 1067:1074 arg1 mucilage 1076:1083 Amadumbe mucilage 1067:1083 Amadumbe mucilage 1067:1083 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 6 16 dep 5 1042:1042 arg1 to 1039:1040 to 1039:1040 to 1039:1040 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 6 17 theme thermal 864:870 arg1 depolymerisation 872:887 thermal depolymerisation 864:887 thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 864:934 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 7 18 used used 1158:1161 arg2 agent 1194:1198 a thickening or emulsifying agent 1166:1198 agent 1194:1198 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 18 used used 1158:1161 arg2 mucilage 1130:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 2 19 theme thermal 350:356 arg1 properties 358:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties 315:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages 315:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 29804964 7 20 theme emulsifying 1182:1192 arg1 agent 1194:1198 a thickening or emulsifying agent 1166:1198 agent 1194:1198 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 20 theme emulsifying 1182:1192 arg1 mucilage 1130:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 3 21 theme rhamnose 535:542 arg1 absence 524:530 the absence 520:530 the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage 520:563 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 2 22 theme rheological 334:344 arg1 properties 358:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties 315:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages 315:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 29804964 5 23 theme arabinogalactan 806:820 arg1 AGPs 832:835 AGPs 832:835 AGPs 832:835 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 5 23 theme arabinogalactan 806:820 arg1 proteins 822:829 arabinogalactan proteins 806:829 arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) 806:836 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 6 24 theme flow 959:962 arg1 behaviour 964:972 a pseudoplastic flow behaviour 943:972 a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage 943:997 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 2 25 theme cactus 385:390 arg1 mucilages 392:400 cactus mucilages 385:400 cactus mucilages 385:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 29804964 2 26 theme mucilages 392:400 arg1 properties 358:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties 315:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages 315:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 29804964 6 27 theme pseudoplastic 945:957 arg1 behaviour 964:972 a pseudoplastic flow behaviour 943:972 a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage 943:997 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 4 28 theme mucilages 603:611 arg1 Fractionation 566:578 Fractionation 566:578 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column 566:639 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 5 29 theme glycosylation 769:781 arg1 bonds 783:787 stronger glycosylation bonds 760:787 stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) 760:836 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 5 29 theme glycosylation 769:781 arg1 those 797:801 those 797:801 those 797:801 The fractions eluting with protein showed no β-elimination, suggesting stronger glycosylation bonds such as those in arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). 29804964 1 30 theme ongoing 260:266 arg1 search 268:273 the ongoing search 256:273 the ongoing search for alternative sources 256:297 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 4 31 theme anion-exchange 619:632 arg1 column 634:639 an anion-exchange column 616:639 an anion-exchange column 616:639 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 4 32 theme four 649:652 arg1 fractions 664:672 four and three fractions 649:672 fractions 664:672 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 2 33 theme amadumbe 372:379 arg1 properties 358:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties 315:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages 315:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 29804964 0 34 theme rheological 25:35 arg1 properties 37:46 rheological properties 25:46 rheological properties 25:46 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 7 35 theme cactus 1123:1128 arg1 agent 1194:1198 a thickening or emulsifying agent 1166:1198 agent 1194:1198 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 7 35 theme cactus 1123:1128 arg1 mucilage 1130:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 cactus mucilage 1123:1137 Amadumbe mucilage may be a potential emulsifier, whilst cactus mucilage can potentially be used as a thickening or emulsifying agent. 29804964 0 36 from amadumbe 72:79 arg1 properties 37:46 rheological properties 25:46 rheological properties 25:46 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 0 36 from amadumbe 72:79 arg1 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 4 37 theme cactus 596:601 arg1 mucilages 603:611 cactus mucilages 596:611 cactus mucilages 596:611 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 0 38 theme polysaccharides 51:65 arg1 properties 37:46 rheological properties 25:46 rheological properties 25:46 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 0 38 theme polysaccharides 51:65 arg1 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 3 39 contain had 435:437 arg1 mucilages 425:433 The mucilages 421:433 The mucilages 421:433 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 3 39 contain had 435:437 arg2 composition 461:471 a similar qualitative composition 439:471 a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids 439:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 3 40 theme amadumbe 547:554 arg1 mucilage 556:563 amadumbe mucilage 547:563 amadumbe mucilage 547:563 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 1 41 theme alternative 279:289 arg1 sources 291:297 alternative sources 279:297 alternative sources 279:297 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 0 42 from cactus 107:112 arg1 properties 37:46 rheological properties 25:46 rheological properties 25:46 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 0 42 from cactus 107:112 arg1 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition, thermal and rheological properties of polysaccharides from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and cactus (Opuntia spp.) 29804964 6 43 dep showed 936:941 arg1 showed 999:1004 showed 999:1004 showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations 936:1064 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 3 44 from absence 524:530 arg1 mucilage 556:563 amadumbe mucilage 547:563 amadumbe mucilage 547:563 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 6 45 theme 195 °C. 912:918 arg1 mucilage 927:934 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 912:934 195 °C. Cactus mucilage 912:934 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 4 46 theme three 658:662 arg1 fractions 664:672 four and three fractions 649:672 fractions 664:672 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 3 47 theme similar 441:447 arg1 composition 461:471 a similar qualitative composition 439:471 a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids 439:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 4 48 theme amadumbe 583:590 arg1 Fractionation 566:578 Fractionation 566:578 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column 566:639 Fractionation of amadumbe and cactus mucilages on an anion-exchange column yielded four and three fractions, respectively. 29804964 6 49 theme % 1043:1043 arg1 concentrations 1051:1064 up to 5% (w/v) concentrations 1036:1064 up to 5% (w/v) concentrations 1036:1064 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 3 50 theme acids 502:506 arg1 composition 461:471 a similar qualitative composition 439:471 a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids 439:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 6 51 theme flow 1018:1021 arg1 behaviour 1023:1031 a Newtonian flow behaviour 1006:1031 a Newtonian flow behaviour 1006:1031 There was no evidence of thermal depolymerisation of the mucilages up to 195 °C. Cactus mucilage showed a pseudoplastic flow behaviour whilst amadumbe mucilage showed a Newtonian flow behaviour at up to 5% (w/v) concentrations. 29804964 1 52 theme food 180:183 arg1 industry 185:192 the food industry 176:192 the food industry 176:192 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 3 53 theme amino 496:500 arg1 acids 502:506 amino acids 496:506 amino acids 496:506 The mucilages had a similar qualitative composition of monosaccharides and amino acids, except for the absence of rhamnose in amadumbe mucilage. 29804964 1 54 theme hydrocolloids 159:171 arg1 application 144:154 The extensive application 130:154 The extensive application 130:154 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 1 55 theme short 214:218 arg1 supply 220:225 their short supply 208:225 their short supply 208:225 The extensive application of hydrocolloids in the food industry, coupled with their short supply and shortcomings, has led to the ongoing search for alternative sources. 29804964 2 56 theme compositional 319:331 arg1 properties 358:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties 315:367 the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages 315:400 In this study, the compositional, rheological and thermal properties of amadumbe and cactus mucilages were investigated. 30416185 0 0 theme Electrodeposited 103:118 arg1 III 126:128 III 126:128 III 126:128 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 0 theme Electrodeposited 103:118 arg1 Pt-Fe 120:124 Electrodeposited Pt-Fe 103:124 Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 103:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 5 1 theme enzymatic 971:979 arg1 activity 981:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 2 2 theme 30.70 493:497 arg1 μA 499:500 μA 499:500 μA 499:500 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 3 theme 11.0 412:415 arg1 μM 406:407 μM 406:407 μM 406:407 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 3 4 theme high 572:575 arg1 affinity 577:584 high affinity 572:584 high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films 572:640 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM indicated high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films. 30416185 3 5 theme Michaelis-Menten 525:540 arg1 constant 542:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant 513:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM 513:560 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM indicated high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films. 30416185 4 6 theme sensor 750:755 arg1 performance 730:740 the performance 726:740 the performance of this sensor 726:755 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 4 7 from effect 647:652 arg1 performance 730:740 the performance 726:740 the performance of this sensor 726:755 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 2 8 theme detection 438:446 arg1 limit 448:452 a detection limit 436:452 a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 436:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 9 dep μM 406:407 arg1 to 409:410 to 409:410 to 409:410 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 10 with glucose 423:429 arg1 limit 448:452 a detection limit 436:452 a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 436:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 5 11 theme initial 818:824 arg1 performance 826:836 its initial performance 814:836 its initial performance 814:836 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 5 12 theme GOx 953:955 arg1 immobilization 935:948 successful immobilization 924:948 successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity 924:988 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 4 13 theme interferences 657:669 arg1 effect 647:652 The effect 643:652 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor 643:755 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 4 13 theme interferences 657:669 arg1 negligible 761:770 negligible 761:770 negligible 761:770 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 2 14 theme cm-2 507:510 arg1 linearity 388:396 linearity 388:396 linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 388:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 14 theme cm-2 507:510 arg1 s 373:373 less than 10 s 360:373 less than 10 s 360:373 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 14 theme cm-2 507:510 arg1 response 350:357 a fast amperometric response 330:357 a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose 330:385 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 14 theme cm-2 507:510 arg1 sensitivity 478:488 sensitivity 478:488 sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 478:510 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 1 15 theme glucose 188:194 arg1 oxidase 196:202 glucose oxidase 188:202 glucose oxidase (GOx) 188:208 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 15 theme glucose 188:194 arg1 GOx 205:207 GOx 205:207 GOx 205:207 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 16 theme Glucose 13:19 arg1 Biosensor 21:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor 0:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor 0:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 2 17 theme mM-1 502:505 arg1 cm-2 507:510 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 493:510 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 493:510 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 0 18 theme Amperometric 0:11 arg1 Biosensor 21:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor 0:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor 0:29 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 2 19 theme μA 499:500 arg1 cm-2 507:510 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 493:510 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 493:510 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 20 theme amperometric 337:348 arg1 s 373:373 less than 10 s 360:373 less than 10 s 360:373 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 20 theme amperometric 337:348 arg1 response 350:357 a fast amperometric response 330:357 a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose 330:385 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 1 21 theme hybrid 253:258 arg1 films 270:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 22 theme composite 260:268 arg1 films 270:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 2 23 theme μM 461:462 arg1 limit 448:452 a detection limit 436:452 a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 436:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 24 from mM 417:418 arg1 linearity 388:396 linearity 388:396 linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 388:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 24 from mM 417:418 arg1 s 373:373 less than 10 s 360:373 less than 10 s 360:373 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 24 from mM 417:418 arg1 response 350:357 a fast amperometric response 330:357 a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose 330:385 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 24 from mM 417:418 arg1 sensitivity 478:488 sensitivity 478:488 sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2 478:510 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 25 theme 10 403:404 arg1 μM 406:407 μM 406:407 μM 406:407 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 26 theme fast 332:335 arg1 s 373:373 less than 10 s 360:373 less than 10 s 360:373 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 26 theme fast 332:335 arg1 response 350:357 a fast amperometric response 330:357 a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose 330:385 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 0 27 theme Oxide-chitosan-glucose 46:67 arg1 Films 94:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films 41:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 41:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 3 28 theme ZnO-CS 629:634 arg1 films 636:640 the ZnO-CS films 625:640 the ZnO-CS films 625:640 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM indicated high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films. 30416185 4 29 theme ascorbic 690:697 arg1 acid 699:702 ascorbic acid 690:702 ascorbic acid 690:702 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 1 30 theme embedded 210:217 arg1 films 270:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films 188:274 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 31 theme Zinc 41:44 arg1 Films 94:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films 41:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 41:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 32 from -chitosan 238:246 arg1 embedded 210:217 embedded 210:217 embedded 210:217 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 33 from Films 94:98 arg1 III 126:128 III 126:128 III 126:128 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 33 from Films 94:98 arg1 Pt-Fe 120:124 Electrodeposited Pt-Fe 103:124 Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 103:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 34 from embedded 210:217 arg1 -chitosan 238:246 zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan 222:246 zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan 222:246 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 0 35 theme Hybrid 77:82 arg1 Films 94:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films 41:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 41:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 36 theme electrodeposited 279:294 arg1 III 302:304 III 302:304 III 302:304 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 36 theme electrodeposited 279:294 arg1 Pt-Fe 296:300 electrodeposited Pt-Fe 279:300 electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 279:305 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 3 37 theme apparent 516:523 arg1 constant 542:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant 513:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM 513:560 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM indicated high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films. 30416185 0 38 theme Oxidase 69:75 arg1 Films 94:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films 41:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 41:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 3 39 theme mM 559:560 arg1 constant 542:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant 513:549 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM 513:560 An apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 5.19 mM indicated high affinity between glucose and GOx immobilized in the ZnO-CS films. 30416185 5 40 theme successful 924:933 arg1 immobilization 935:948 successful immobilization 924:948 successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity 924:988 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 5 41 theme storage 857:863 arg1 weeks 848:852 two weeks 844:852 two weeks of storage 844:863 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 2 42 theme = 469:469 arg1 μM 461:462 1.0 μM 457:462 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 457:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 2 42 theme = 469:469 arg1 S/N 465:467 S/N = 3 465:471 S/N = 3 465:471 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 1 43 dep embedded 210:217 arg1 CS 249:250 CS 249:250 CS 249:250 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 44 theme zinc 222:225 arg1 ZnO 234:236 ZnO 234:236 ZnO 234:236 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 1 44 theme zinc 222:225 arg1 oxide 227:231 zinc oxide 222:231 zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan 222:246 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 5 45 theme hybrid 893:898 arg1 films 910:914 the hybrid composite films 889:914 the hybrid composite films 889:914 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 5 46 theme performance 826:836 arg1 % 809:809 87% 807:809 87% of its initial performance 807:836 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 5 46 theme performance 826:836 arg1 performance 826:836 its initial performance 814:836 its initial performance 814:836 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 1 47 theme oxide 227:231 arg1 -chitosan 238:246 zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan 222:246 zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan 222:246 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 2 48 theme glucose 423:429 arg1 mM 417:418 10 μM to 11.0 mM 403:418 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) 403:472 This sensor exhibited a fast amperometric response (less than 10 s) to glucose, linearity from 10 μM to 11.0 mM of glucose with a detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 30.70 μA mM-1 cm-2. 30416185 5 49 theme composite 900:908 arg1 films 910:914 the hybrid composite films 889:914 the hybrid composite films 889:914 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 1 50 theme amperometric 148:159 arg1 biosensor 169:177 an amperometric glucose biosensor 145:177 an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 145:305 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 5 51 with GOx 953:955 arg1 activity 981:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 0 52 theme Composite 84:92 arg1 Films 94:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films 41:98 Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 41:129 Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Utilizing Zinc Oxide-chitosan-glucose Oxidase Hybrid Composite Films on Electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 30416185 5 53 theme high 966:969 arg1 activity 981:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 its high enzymatic activity 962:988 In addition, this sensor retained 87% of its initial performance after two weeks of storage at 4°C, indicating that the hybrid composite films allowed successful immobilization of GOx with its high enzymatic activity. 30416185 4 54 theme uric 679:682 arg1 acid 684:687 uric acid 679:687 uric acid 679:687 The effect of interferences such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and acetaminophen on the performance of this sensor was negligible. 30416185 1 55 theme glucose 161:167 arg1 biosensor 169:177 an amperometric glucose biosensor 145:177 an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III) 145:305 We developed an amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) embedded in zinc oxide (ZnO)-chitosan (CS) hybrid composite films on electrodeposited Pt-Fe(III). 31013636 9 0 theme L929 1482:1485 arg1 cells 1487:1491 the L929 cells 1478:1491 the L929 cells 1478:1491 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 3 1 theme tissue 502:507 arg1 reactions 509:517 the inflammatory tissue reactions 485:517 the inflammatory tissue reactions 485:517 However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. 31013636 0 2 dep Bone 60:63 arg1 Substitute 65:74 Substitute 65:74 Substitute 65:74 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 5 3 dep in 744:745 arg1 vitro 747:751 vitro 747:751 vitro 747:751 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 5 4 theme cytocompatibility 797:813 arg1 analyses 815:822 cytocompatibility analyses 797:822 cytocompatibility analyses 797:822 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 11 5 theme amounts 1919:1925 arg1 addition 1897:1904 the addition 1893:1904 the addition of different amounts of HMWHY 1893:1934 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 1 6 theme well-established 169:184 arg1 bone 132:135 Biphasic bone substitutes 123:147 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) 123:153 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 1 6 theme well-established 169:184 arg1 biomaterials 186:197 well-established biomaterials 169:197 well-established biomaterials 169:197 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 4 7 theme in 677:678 arg1 biocompatibility 686:701 in vitro biocompatibility 677:701 in vitro biocompatibility 677:701 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 0 8 theme Tissue 106:111 arg1 Response 113:120 the Proinflammatory Tissue Response 86:120 the Proinflammatory Tissue Response 86:120 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 10 9 theme high 1585:1588 arg1 doses 1590:1594 high doses 1585:1594 high doses of HY 1585:1600 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 6 10 theme in 881:882 arg1 part 889:892 the in vivo part 877:892 the in vivo part of the study 877:905 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 4 11 theme molecular 624:632 arg1 weight 634:639 high molecular weight HY 619:642 high molecular weight HY (HMWHY) 619:650 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 11 theme molecular 624:632 arg1 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 10 12 theme significant 1780:1790 arg1 differences 1792:1802 no significant differences 1777:1802 no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs 1777:1861 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 13 theme biphasic 1607:1614 arg1 bone 1616:1619 a biphasic bone 1605:1619 a biphasic bone 1605:1619 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 2 14 theme constant 214:221 arg1 development 223:233 their constant development 208:233 their constant development 208:233 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 5 15 theme EN 857:858 arg1 10993-5 864:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 6 16 dep in 881:882 arg1 vivo 884:887 vivo 884:887 vivo 884:887 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 8 17 theme histological 1127:1138 arg1 methods 1186:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 18 theme tissue 1222:1227 arg1 reactions 1229:1237 the tissue reactions 1218:1237 the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1218:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 4 19 dep in 677:678 arg1 vitro 680:684 vitro 680:684 vitro 680:684 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 9 20 dep in 1383:1384 arg1 vitro 1386:1390 vitro 1386:1390 vitro 1386:1390 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 8 21 theme macrophages 1327:1337 arg1 induction 1287:1295 the induction 1283:1295 the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1283:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 22 theme immunohistochemical 1141:1159 arg1 methods 1186:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 2 23 theme natural 241:247 arg1 components 249:258 even natural components 236:258 even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) 236:284 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 5 24 theme test 834:837 arg1 conditions 839:848 the test conditions 830:848 the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 830:870 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 8 25 theme multinucleated 1343:1356 arg1 cells 1364:1368 multinucleated giant cells 1343:1368 multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1343:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 25 theme multinucleated 1343:1356 arg1 BMGCs 1371:1375 BMGCs 1371:1375 BMGCs 1371:1375 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 0 26 theme Biphasic 51:58 arg1 Bone 60:63 a Biphasic Bone Substitute 49:74 a Biphasic Bone Substitute 49:74 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 4 27 dep in 707:708 arg1 vivo 710:713 vivo 710:713 vivo 710:713 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 11 28 theme handling 2023:2030 arg1 properties 2032:2041 the material handling properties 2010:2041 the material handling properties 2010:2041 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 8 29 theme cells 1364:1368 arg1 induction 1287:1295 the induction 1283:1295 the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1283:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 5 30 theme ISO 860:862 arg1 10993-5 864:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 1 31 theme Biphasic 123:130 arg1 biomaterials 186:197 well-established biomaterials 169:197 well-established biomaterials 169:197 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 1 31 theme Biphasic 123:130 arg1 bone 132:135 Biphasic bone substitutes 123:147 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) 123:153 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 1 31 theme Biphasic 123:130 arg1 BBS 150:152 BBS 150:152 BBS 150:152 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 11 32 theme HMWHY 1930:1934 arg1 HMWHY 1930:1934 HMWHY 1930:1934 HMWHY 1930:1934 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 11 32 theme HMWHY 1930:1934 arg1 amounts 1919:1925 different amounts 1909:1925 different amounts of HMWHY 1909:1934 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 1 33 dep bone 132:135 arg1 substitutes 137:147 substitutes 137:147 substitutes 137:147 Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. 31013636 3 34 theme HY 452:453 arg1 addition 440:447 the addition 436:447 the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions 436:517 However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. 31013636 5 35 theme L929 771:774 arg1 cells 776:780 L929 cells 771:780 L929 cells 771:780 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 10 36 theme pro-inflammatory 1674:1689 arg1 macrophages 1691:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages 1674:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05) 1674:1714 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 36 theme pro-inflammatory 1674:1689 arg1 < 1708:1708 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 3 37 theme addition 440:447 arg1 consequences 420:431 the consequences 416:431 the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions 416:517 However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. 31013636 0 38 theme Doses 21:25 arg1 Addition 4:11 The Addition 0:11 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute 0:74 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 5 39 theme Established 732:742 arg1 procedures 753:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 3 40 theme little 382:387 arg1 knowledge 389:397 little knowledge 382:397 little knowledge 382:397 However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. 31013636 10 41 theme in 1536:1537 arg1 results 1544:1550 The in vivo results 1532:1550 The in vivo results 1532:1550 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 0 42 theme Hyaluronic 30:39 arg1 Acid 41:44 Hyaluronic Acid 30:44 Hyaluronic Acid 30:44 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 6 43 theme different 1017:1025 arg1 amounts 1033:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 6 43 theme different 1017:1025 arg1 L 1057:1057 HY(L) 1054:1058 HY(L) 1054:1058 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 6 43 theme different 1017:1025 arg1 BBS 1048:1050 BBS 1048:1050 BBS 1048:1050 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 10 44 theme p 1706:1706 arg1 macrophages 1691:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages 1674:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05) 1674:1714 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 44 theme p 1706:1706 arg1 < 1708:1708 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 7 45 theme empty 1090:1094 arg1 controls 1080:1087 controls 1080:1087 controls 1080:1087 As controls, empty defects were used. 31013636 7 45 theme empty 1090:1094 arg1 defects 1096:1102 empty defects 1090:1102 empty defects 1090:1102 As controls, empty defects were used. 31013636 2 46 theme regenerative 348:359 arg1 properties 361:370 their regenerative properties 342:370 their regenerative properties 342:370 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 6 47 dep amounts 1033:1039 arg1 i.e. 1042:1045 two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H) 1013:1074 i.e. 1042:1045 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 5 48 theme in 744:745 arg1 procedures 753:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 3 49 theme inflammatory 489:500 arg1 reactions 509:517 the inflammatory tissue reactions 485:517 the inflammatory tissue reactions 485:517 However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. 31013636 11 50 theme different 1909:1917 arg1 HMWHY 1930:1934 HMWHY 1930:1934 HMWHY 1930:1934 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 11 50 theme different 1909:1917 arg1 amounts 1919:1925 different amounts 1909:1925 different amounts of HMWHY 1909:1934 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 5 51 used used 788:791 arg2 procedures 753:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures 732:762 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 6 52 theme HY 1054:1055 arg1 L 1057:1057 HY(L) 1054:1058 HY(L) 1054:1058 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 6 52 theme HY 1054:1055 arg1 amounts 1033:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 10 53 located found 1743:1747 arg1 group 1764:1768 the control group 1752:1768 the control group 1752:1768 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 53 located found 1743:1747 arg2 numbers 1735:1741 the numbers 1731:1741 the numbers found in the control group 1731:1768 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 4 54 theme weight 634:639 arg1 amounts 608:614 two different amounts 594:614 two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, 594:672 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 54 theme weight 634:639 arg1 weight 634:639 high molecular weight HY 619:642 high molecular weight HY (HMWHY) 619:650 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 54 theme weight 634:639 arg1 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 55 from influence 581:589 arg1 biocompatibility 686:701 in vitro biocompatibility 677:701 in vitro biocompatibility 677:701 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 55 from influence 581:589 arg1 reaction 722:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 10 56 theme HY 1599:1600 arg1 doses 1590:1594 high doses 1585:1594 high doses of HY 1585:1600 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 57 theme control 1756:1762 arg1 group 1764:1768 the control group 1752:1768 the control group 1752:1768 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 58 theme doses 1590:1594 arg1 addition 1573:1580 only the addition 1564:1580 only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone 1564:1619 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 4 59 theme amounts 608:614 arg1 influence 581:589 the influence 577:589 the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction 577:729 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 2 60 theme even 236:239 arg1 components 249:258 even natural components 236:258 even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) 236:284 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 8 61 theme pro- 1300:1303 arg1 macrophages 1327:1337 pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages 1300:1337 pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages 1300:1337 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 4 62 theme high 619:622 arg1 weight 634:639 high molecular weight HY 619:642 high molecular weight HY (HMWHY) 619:650 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 62 theme high 619:622 arg1 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 5 63 theme DIN 853:855 arg1 10993-5 864:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 853:870 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 8 64 theme anti-inflammatory 1309:1325 arg1 macrophages 1327:1337 pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages 1300:1337 pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages 1300:1337 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 2 65 theme hyaluronic 265:274 arg1 HY 282:283 HY 282:283 HY 282:283 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 2 65 theme hyaluronic 265:274 arg1 acid 276:279 hyaluronic acid 265:279 hyaluronic acid (HY) 265:284 Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. 31013636 8 66 theme Established 1115:1125 arg1 methods 1186:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 67 theme giant 1358:1362 arg1 cells 1364:1368 multinucleated giant cells 1343:1368 multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1343:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 67 theme giant 1358:1362 arg1 BMGCs 1371:1375 BMGCs 1371:1375 BMGCs 1371:1375 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 6 68 theme calvarial 908:916 arg1 defects 918:924 calvarial defects 908:924 calvarial defects 908:924 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 9 69 theme in 1383:1384 arg1 results 1392:1398 The in vitro results 1379:1398 The in vitro results 1379:1398 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 10 70 dep in 1536:1537 arg1 vivo 1539:1542 vivo 1539:1542 vivo 1539:1542 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 6 71 theme study 901:905 arg1 part 889:892 the in vivo part 877:892 the in vivo part of the study 877:905 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 8 72 theme histomorphometrical 1166:1184 arg1 methods 1186:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods 1115:1192 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 4 73 theme in 707:708 arg1 reaction 722:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 10 74 theme study 1821:1825 arg1 groups 1827:1832 the three study groups 1811:1832 the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs 1811:1861 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 0 75 theme Proinflammatory 90:104 arg1 Response 113:120 the Proinflammatory Tissue Response 86:120 the Proinflammatory Tissue Response 86:120 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 11 76 theme material 2014:2021 arg1 properties 2032:2041 the material handling properties 2010:2041 the material handling properties 2010:2041 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 4 77 theme tissue 715:720 arg1 reaction 722:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 in vivo tissue reaction 707:729 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 5 78 theme 10993-5 864:870 arg1 conditions 839:848 the test conditions 830:848 the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5 830:870 Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. 31013636 7 79 used used 1109:1112 arg2 defects 1096:1102 empty defects 1090:1102 empty defects 1090:1102 As controls, empty defects were used. 31013636 7 79 used used 1109:1112 arg2 controls 1080:1087 controls 1080:1087 controls 1080:1087 As controls, empty defects were used. 31013636 0 80 theme High 16:19 arg1 Doses 21:25 High Doses 16:25 High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid 16:44 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 10 81 theme macrophages 1691:1701 arg1 occurrence 1660:1669 the occurrence 1656:1669 the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group 1656:1768 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 9 82 theme materials 1424:1432 arg1 none 1412:1415 none 1412:1415 none of the materials or compositions 1412:1448 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 6 83 theme Wistar 945:950 arg1 rats 952:955 20 Wistar rats 942:955 20 Wistar rats 942:955 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 0 84 theme Acid 41:44 arg1 Doses 21:25 High Doses 16:25 High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid 16:44 The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response. 31013636 9 85 theme compositions 1437:1448 arg1 none 1412:1415 none 1412:1415 none of the materials or compositions 1412:1448 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 6 86 theme HMWHY 1027:1031 arg1 amounts 1033:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 two different HMWHY amounts 1013:1039 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 6 86 theme HMWHY 1027:1031 arg1 L 1057:1057 HY(L) 1054:1058 HY(L) 1054:1058 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 6 86 theme HMWHY 1027:1031 arg1 BBS 1048:1050 BBS 1048:1050 BBS 1048:1050 For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). 31013636 11 87 theme inflammation 1964:1975 arg1 response 1977:1984 the inflammation response 1960:1984 the inflammation response to BBS 1960:1991 In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties. 31013636 4 88 theme present 530:536 arg1 study 538:542 the present study 526:542 the present study 526:542 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 9 89 theme biological 1457:1466 arg1 damage 1468:1473 biological damage 1457:1473 biological damage 1457:1473 The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. 31013636 10 90 theme * 1704:1704 arg1 macrophages 1691:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages 1674:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05) 1674:1714 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 90 theme * 1704:1704 arg1 < 1708:1708 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 8 91 theme different 1252:1260 arg1 materials 1262:1270 the three different materials 1242:1270 the three different materials 1242:1270 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 8 91 theme different 1252:1260 arg1 induction 1287:1295 the induction 1283:1295 the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) 1283:1376 Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). 31013636 4 92 theme different 598:606 arg1 amounts 608:614 two different amounts 594:614 two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, 594:672 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 92 theme different 598:606 arg1 weight 634:639 high molecular weight HY 619:642 high molecular weight HY (HMWHY) 619:650 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 4 92 theme different 598:606 arg1 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 HMWHY 645:649 Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. 31013636 10 93 theme comparable 1717:1726 arg1 macrophages 1691:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages 1674:1701 pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05) 1674:1714 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 31013636 10 93 theme comparable 1717:1726 arg1 < 1708:1708 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 * p < 0.05 1704:1713 The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. 29534797 0 0 theme fructose 74:81 arg1 derivatisation 56:69 insitu derivatisation 49:69 insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 49:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 2 1 theme compounds 473:481 arg1 formation 433:441 the formation 429:441 the formation of only the most thermostable compounds 429:481 This technique has already shown great potential for the analysis of biomass, favouring the formation of only the most thermostable compounds. 29534797 1 2 from pressure 306:313 arg1 capsule 270:276 a sealed glass capsule 255:276 a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time 255:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 1 3 theme Reactive 139:146 arg1 technique 163:171 a technique 161:171 a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time 161:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 1 3 theme Reactive 139:146 arg1 pyrolysis 148:156 Reactive pyrolysis 139:156 Reactive pyrolysis 139:156 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 1 4 theme substrate 242:250 arg1 pyrolysis 225:233 pyrolysis 225:233 pyrolysis of the substrate 225:250 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 1 5 theme long 330:333 arg1 time 335:338 relatively long time 319:338 relatively long time 319:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 0 6 dep artichoke 105:113 arg1 tuberosus 127:135 Helianthus tuberosus 116:135 Helianthus tuberosus 116:135 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 0 7 theme inulin 84:89 arg1 derivatisation 56:69 insitu derivatisation 49:69 insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 49:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 1 8 from temperature 290:300 arg1 capsule 270:276 a sealed glass capsule 255:276 a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time 255:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 3 9 theme reactive 512:519 arg1 pyrolysis 521:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis 498:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 498:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 3 10 theme on-line 536:542 arg1 spectrometry 568:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 536:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 536:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 5 11 theme interesting 920:930 arg1 activities 943:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 6 12 from pyrolysis 1032:1040 arg1 yields 982:987 high yields 977:987 high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis 977:1040 DFAs were obtained in high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis. 29534797 5 13 theme di-fructose 861:871 arg1 DFAs 887:890 DFAs 887:890 DFAs 887:890 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 5 13 theme di-fructose 861:871 arg1 dianhydrides 873:884 di-fructose dianhydrides 861:884 di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs) 861:891 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 5 13 theme di-fructose 861:871 arg1 class 896:900 a class 894:900 a class of compounds with interesting biological activities 894:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 1 14 theme sealed 257:262 arg1 capsule 270:276 a sealed glass capsule 255:276 a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time 255:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 0 15 theme Jerusalem 95:103 arg1 artichoke 105:113 Jerusalem artichoke 95:113 Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 95:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 8 16 theme reactive 1210:1217 arg1 pyrolysis 1219:1227 reactive pyrolysis 1210:1227 reactive pyrolysis 1210:1227 This work describes for the first time the behaviour of fructans under reactive pyrolysis. 29534797 3 17 theme fast 503:506 arg1 pyrolysis 521:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis 498:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 498:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 5 18 theme striking 824:831 arg1 result 833:838 The most striking result 815:838 The most striking result 815:838 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 5 18 theme striking 824:831 arg1 formation 848:856 the formation 844:856 the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities 844:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 3 19 with pyrolysis 521:529 arg1 Py-GC/MS 591:598 Py-GC/MS 591:598 Py-GC/MS 591:598 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 3 19 with pyrolysis 521:529 arg1 analysis 581:588 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis 536:588 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 536:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 5 20 theme dianhydrides 873:884 arg1 result 833:838 The most striking result 815:838 The most striking result 815:838 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 5 20 theme dianhydrides 873:884 arg1 formation 848:856 the formation 844:856 the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities 844:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 2 21 theme most 455:458 arg1 compounds 473:481 only the most thermostable compounds 446:481 only the most thermostable compounds 446:481 This technique has already shown great potential for the analysis of biomass, favouring the formation of only the most thermostable compounds. 29534797 6 22 from pyrolysis 1003:1011 arg1 yields 982:987 high yields 977:987 high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis 977:1040 DFAs were obtained in high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis. 29534797 6 23 theme fast 1027:1030 arg1 pyrolysis 1032:1040 fast pyrolysis 1027:1040 fast pyrolysis 1027:1040 DFAs were obtained in high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis. 29534797 7 24 theme pyrolysates 1126:1136 arg1 composition 1107:1117 the composition 1103:1117 the composition of the pyrolysates 1103:1136 Hypotheses on the pyrolysis mechanisms were made based upon the composition of the pyrolysates. 29534797 2 25 theme thermostable 460:471 arg1 compounds 473:481 only the most thermostable compounds 446:481 only the most thermostable compounds 446:481 This technique has already shown great potential for the analysis of biomass, favouring the formation of only the most thermostable compounds. 29534797 3 26 theme gas 544:546 arg1 spectrometry 568:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 536:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 536:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 2 27 theme great 374:378 arg1 potential 380:388 great potential 374:388 great potential for the analysis of biomass 374:416 This technique has already shown great potential for the analysis of biomass, favouring the formation of only the most thermostable compounds. 29534797 5 28 with compounds 905:913 arg1 activities 943:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 1 29 theme glass 264:268 arg1 capsule 270:276 a sealed glass capsule 255:276 a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time 255:338 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 3 30 theme chromatography-mass 548:566 arg1 spectrometry 568:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 536:579 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 536:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 8 31 theme fructans 1195:1202 arg1 behaviour 1182:1190 the behaviour 1178:1190 the behaviour of fructans 1178:1202 This work describes for the first time the behaviour of fructans under reactive pyrolysis. 29534797 0 32 theme fast 16:19 arg1 pyrolysis 34:42 fast and reactive pyrolysis 16:42 fast and reactive pyrolysis 16:42 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 7 33 from Hypotheses 1043:1052 arg1 mechanisms 1071:1080 the pyrolysis mechanisms 1057:1080 the pyrolysis mechanisms 1057:1080 Hypotheses on the pyrolysis mechanisms were made based upon the composition of the pyrolysates. 29534797 8 34 theme first 1167:1171 arg1 time 1173:1176 the first time 1163:1176 the first time 1163:1176 This work describes for the first time the behaviour of fructans under reactive pyrolysis. 29534797 4 35 theme reaction 786:793 arg1 time 795:798 the reaction time 782:798 the reaction time 782:798 Interesting differences were found between the two systems, and became even more evident as the reaction time was increased. 29534797 2 36 theme biomass 410:416 arg1 analysis 398:405 the analysis 394:405 the analysis of biomass 394:416 This technique has already shown great potential for the analysis of biomass, favouring the formation of only the most thermostable compounds. 29534797 0 37 theme artichoke 105:113 arg1 derivatisation 56:69 insitu derivatisation 49:69 insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 49:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 3 38 used used 605:608 arg2 pyrolysis 521:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis 498:529 both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 498:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 1 39 theme mechanistic 187:197 arg1 information 199:209 mechanistic information 187:209 mechanistic information 187:209 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 0 40 theme reactive 25:32 arg1 pyrolysis 34:42 fast and reactive pyrolysis 16:42 fast and reactive pyrolysis 16:42 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 1 41 theme elevated 281:288 arg1 temperature 290:300 elevated temperature 281:300 elevated temperature 281:300 Reactive pyrolysis is a technique that provides mechanistic information by performing pyrolysis of the substrate in a sealed glass capsule at elevated temperature and pressure for relatively long time. 29534797 3 42 dep tubers 660:665 arg1 tuberosus 678:686 Heliantus tuberosus 668:686 Heliantus tuberosus 668:686 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 6 43 theme reactive 994:1001 arg1 pyrolysis 1003:1011 reactive pyrolysis 994:1011 reactive pyrolysis 994:1011 DFAs were obtained in high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis. 29534797 3 44 theme spectrometry 568:579 arg1 Py-GC/MS 591:598 Py-GC/MS 591:598 Py-GC/MS 591:598 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 3 44 theme spectrometry 568:579 arg1 analysis 581:588 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis 536:588 on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) 536:599 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 4 45 theme Interesting 690:700 arg1 differences 702:712 Interesting differences 690:712 Interesting differences 690:712 Interesting differences were found between the two systems, and became even more evident as the reaction time was increased. 29534797 0 46 theme pyrolysis 34:42 arg1 comparison 2:11 A comparison 0:11 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 0:137 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 3 47 theme artichoke 650:658 arg1 tubers 660:665 Jerusalem artichoke tubers 640:665 Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus) 640:687 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 0 48 with comparison 2:11 arg1 derivatisation 56:69 insitu derivatisation 49:69 insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 49:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 29534797 7 49 theme pyrolysis 1061:1069 arg1 mechanisms 1071:1080 the pyrolysis mechanisms 1057:1080 the pyrolysis mechanisms 1057:1080 Hypotheses on the pyrolysis mechanisms were made based upon the composition of the pyrolysates. 29534797 5 50 theme biological 932:941 arg1 activities 943:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 interesting biological activities 920:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 3 51 theme Jerusalem 640:648 arg1 tubers 660:665 Jerusalem artichoke tubers 640:665 Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus) 640:687 In this work, both fast and reactive pyrolysis with on-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (Py-GC/MS) are used to study fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Heliantus tuberosus). 29534797 5 52 theme compounds 905:913 arg1 dianhydrides 873:884 di-fructose dianhydrides 861:884 di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs) 861:891 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 5 52 theme compounds 905:913 arg1 class 896:900 a class 894:900 a class of compounds with interesting biological activities 894:952 The most striking result was the formation of di-fructose dianhydrides (DFAs), a class of compounds with interesting biological activities. 29534797 6 53 theme high 977:980 arg1 yields 982:987 high yields 977:987 high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis 977:1040 DFAs were obtained in high yields from reactive pyrolysis, but not from fast pyrolysis. 29534797 0 54 theme insitu 49:54 arg1 derivatisation 56:69 insitu derivatisation 49:69 insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) 49:136 A comparison of fast and reactive pyrolysis with insitu derivatisation of fructose, inulin and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). 31518620 0 0 theme iodide 107:112 arg1 removal 125:131 iodide adsorptive removal 107:131 iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization 107:169 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 1 1 theme nuclear 200:206 arg1 wastes 208:213 nuclear wastes 200:213 nuclear wastes 200:213 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 2 2 theme adsorptivity 349:360 arg1 Chitosan 284:291 Chitosan 284:291 Chitosan 284:291 Chitosan and montmorillonite as green materials of the favorable adsorptivity were proposed for iodine treatment. 31518620 2 2 theme adsorptivity 349:360 arg1 montmorillonite 297:311 montmorillonite 297:311 montmorillonite 297:311 Chitosan and montmorillonite as green materials of the favorable adsorptivity were proposed for iodine treatment. 31518620 2 3 theme iodine 380:385 arg1 treatment 387:395 iodine treatment 380:395 iodine treatment 380:395 Chitosan and montmorillonite as green materials of the favorable adsorptivity were proposed for iodine treatment. 31518620 2 4 theme favorable 339:347 arg1 adsorptivity 349:360 the favorable adsorptivity 335:360 the favorable adsorptivity 335:360 Chitosan and montmorillonite as green materials of the favorable adsorptivity were proposed for iodine treatment. 31518620 6 5 theme radioactive 1136:1146 arg1 iodine 1148:1153 radioactive iodine 1136:1153 radioactive iodine removal 1136:1161 Nonetheless, the CTS/HMMT adsorbents were prospective for radioactive iodine removal. 31518620 0 6 theme Pickering 137:145 arg1 polymerization 156:169 Pickering emulsion polymerization 137:169 Pickering emulsion polymerization 137:169 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 5 7 theme adsorption 1024:1033 arg1 efficiency 1035:1044 the nearly same adsorption efficiency 1008:1044 the nearly same adsorption efficiency 1008:1044 CTS/HMMTs were also well-regenerated within the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency, performing the high stability. 31518620 4 8 theme 0.3033 mmol/g 824:836 arg1 capacity 812:819 the maximum adsorption capacity 789:819 the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g 789:836 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 5 9 theme adsorption/desorption 976:996 arg1 cycles 998:1003 the five adsorption/desorption cycles 967:1003 the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency 967:1044 CTS/HMMTs were also well-regenerated within the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency, performing the high stability. 31518620 3 10 link crosslinked 429:439 arg1 chitosan 441:448 the crosslinked chitosan 425:448 the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization 425:497 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 11 theme crosslinked 429:439 arg1 chitosan 441:448 the crosslinked chitosan 425:448 the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization 425:497 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 12 theme adsorptivity 654:665 arg1 combination 667:677 adsorptivity combination 654:677 adsorptivity combination 654:677 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 1 13 theme severe 222:227 arg1 contamination 243:255 severe environmental contamination 222:255 severe environmental contamination 222:255 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 3 14 theme Pickering 465:473 arg1 polymerization 484:497 Pickering emulsion polymerization 465:497 Pickering emulsion polymerization 465:497 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 6 15 theme CTS/HMMT 1095:1102 arg1 prospective 1120:1130 prospective 1120:1130 prospective 1120:1130 Nonetheless, the CTS/HMMT adsorbents were prospective for radioactive iodine removal. 31518620 6 15 theme CTS/HMMT 1095:1102 arg1 adsorbents 1104:1113 the CTS/HMMT adsorbents 1091:1113 the CTS/HMMT adsorbents 1091:1113 Nonetheless, the CTS/HMMT adsorbents were prospective for radioactive iodine removal. 31518620 3 16 theme combination 667:677 arg1 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 590:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 16 theme combination 667:677 arg1 iodide 622:627 the iodide adsorbent 618:637 the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation 618:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 16 theme combination 667:677 arg1 micro-composite 571:585 the micro-composite 567:585 the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 567:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 4 17 theme Langmuir 857:864 arg1 model 875:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 1 18 theme environmental 229:241 arg1 contamination 243:255 severe environmental contamination 222:255 severe environmental contamination 222:255 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 0 19 link crosslinked 50:60 arg1 chitosan 62:69 crosslinked chitosan 50:69 crosslinked chitosan 50:69 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 3 20 theme eco-safety 642:651 arg1 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 590:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 20 theme eco-safety 642:651 arg1 iodide 622:627 the iodide adsorbent 618:637 the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation 618:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 20 theme eco-safety 642:651 arg1 micro-composite 571:585 the micro-composite 567:585 the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 567:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 5 21 theme high 1062:1065 arg1 stability 1067:1075 the high stability 1058:1075 the high stability 1058:1075 CTS/HMMTs were also well-regenerated within the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency, performing the high stability. 31518620 0 22 theme emulsion 147:154 arg1 polymerization 156:169 Pickering emulsion polymerization 137:169 Pickering emulsion polymerization 137:169 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 5 23 theme same 1019:1022 arg1 efficiency 1035:1044 the nearly same adsorption efficiency 1008:1044 the nearly same adsorption efficiency 1008:1044 CTS/HMMTs were also well-regenerated within the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency, performing the high stability. 31518620 5 24 theme efficiency 1035:1044 arg1 cycles 998:1003 the five adsorption/desorption cycles 967:1003 the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency 967:1044 CTS/HMMTs were also well-regenerated within the five adsorption/desorption cycles of the nearly same adsorption efficiency, performing the high stability. 31518620 3 25 theme limitation 701:710 arg1 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 590:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 25 theme limitation 701:710 arg1 iodide 622:627 the iodide adsorbent 618:637 the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation 618:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 25 theme limitation 701:710 arg1 micro-composite 571:585 the micro-composite 567:585 the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 567:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 26 theme hydrophobical-modified 513:534 arg1 montmorillonite 536:550 hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite 513:550 hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) 513:557 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 26 theme hydrophobical-modified 513:534 arg1 HMMT 553:556 HMMT 553:556 HMMT 553:556 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 1 27 theme public 261:266 arg1 concern 275:281 public health concern 261:281 public health concern 261:281 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 0 28 theme crosslinked 50:60 arg1 chitosan 62:69 crosslinked chitosan 50:69 crosslinked chitosan 50:69 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 4 29 with well-fitting 839:850 arg1 model 916:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 4 29 with well-fitting 839:850 arg1 model 875:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 4 30 theme kinetic 908:914 arg1 model 916:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 1 31 theme health 268:273 arg1 concern 275:281 public health concern 261:281 public health concern 261:281 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 3 32 theme emulsion 475:482 arg1 polymerization 484:497 Pickering emulsion polymerization 465:497 Pickering emulsion polymerization 465:497 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 4 33 theme maximum 793:799 arg1 capacity 812:819 the maximum adsorption capacity 789:819 the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g 789:836 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 4 34 dep 10 726:727 arg1 to 723:724 to 723:724 to 723:724 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 3 35 theme chitosan-swelling 683:699 arg1 limitation 701:710 chitosan-swelling limitation 683:710 chitosan-swelling limitation 683:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 36 theme chitosan/HMMT 590:602 arg1 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 590:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 36 theme chitosan/HMMT 590:602 arg1 micro-composite 571:585 the micro-composite 567:585 the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 567:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 36 theme chitosan/HMMT 590:602 arg1 iodide 622:627 the iodide adsorbent 618:637 the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation 618:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 4 37 dep adsorbed 740:747 arg1 I127 749:752 I127 749:752 I127 749:752 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 4 37 dep adsorbed 740:747 arg1 anions 754:759 anions 754:759 anions 754:759 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 4 38 theme isotherm 866:873 arg1 model 875:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 Langmuir isotherm model 857:879 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 2 39 theme green 316:320 arg1 materials 322:330 green materials 316:330 green materials 316:330 Chitosan and montmorillonite as green materials of the favorable adsorptivity were proposed for iodine treatment. 31518620 4 40 theme adsorption 801:810 arg1 capacity 812:819 the maximum adsorption capacity 789:819 the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g 789:836 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 0 41 theme micro-sorbent 89:101 arg1 coating 37:43 coating 37:43 coating onto crosslinked chitosan 37:69 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 0 41 theme micro-sorbent 89:101 arg1 core-shell 78:87 the core-shell 74:87 the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization 74:169 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 31518620 4 42 theme first-order 896:906 arg1 model 916:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 1 43 theme radioactive 176:186 arg1 iodine 188:193 The radioactive iodine 172:193 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes 172:213 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 6 44 theme iodine 1148:1153 arg1 removal 1155:1161 radioactive iodine removal 1136:1161 radioactive iodine removal 1136:1161 Nonetheless, the CTS/HMMT adsorbents were prospective for radioactive iodine removal. 31518620 3 45 theme adsorbent 629:637 arg1 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT 590:602 chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 590:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 45 theme adsorbent 629:637 arg1 iodide 622:627 the iodide adsorbent 618:637 the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation 618:710 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 3 45 theme adsorbent 629:637 arg1 micro-composite 571:585 the micro-composite 567:585 the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) 567:613 Rather than intercalation, the crosslinked chitosan proposedly via Pickering emulsion polymerization was coated by hydrophobical-modified montmorillonite (HMMT) to form the micro-composite of chitosan/HMMT (CTS/HMMT) as the iodide adsorbent of eco-safety, adsorptivity combination and chitosan-swelling limitation. 31518620 4 46 theme pseudo 889:894 arg1 model 916:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 the pseudo first-order kinetic model 885:920 From pH 3 to 10, CTS/HMMTs adsorbed I127 anions no <90% during 40 min, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.3033 mmol/g, well-fitting with Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo first-order kinetic model. 31518620 1 47 from wastes 208:213 arg1 iodine 188:193 The radioactive iodine 172:193 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes 172:213 The radioactive iodine from nuclear wastes caused severe environmental contamination and public health concern. 31518620 0 48 theme adsorptive 114:123 arg1 removal 125:131 iodide adsorptive removal 107:131 iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization 107:169 Hydrophobic-modified montmorillonite coating onto crosslinked chitosan as the core-shell micro-sorbent for iodide adsorptive removal via Pickering emulsion polymerization. 30500494 0 0 theme re-infected 117:127 arg1 wounds 129:134 re-infected wounds 117:134 re-infected wounds 117:134 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 7 1 from effect 1218:1223 arg1 properties 1241:1250 the physical properties 1228:1250 the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1228:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 6 2 theme prepared 817:824 arg1 hydrogel 826:833 The prepared hydrogel 813:833 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 813:851 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 2 3 theme thermosensitive 420:434 arg1 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 446:459 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 446:459 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 446:459 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 3 theme thermosensitive 420:434 arg1 hydrogel 436:443 thermosensitive hydrogel 420:443 thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds 420:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 4 theme controlled 466:475 arg1 response 477:484 controlled response 466:484 controlled response to re-infected wounds 466:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 10 5 dep re-infection 1681:1692 arg1 wounds 1699:1704 skin wounds 1694:1704 skin wounds 1694:1704 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 5 6 theme formed 762:767 arg1 blend 784:788 the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend 758:788 the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend 758:788 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 7 theme swelling 706:713 arg1 properties 694:703 The physical properties 681:703 The physical properties (swelling ratios) 681:721 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 7 theme swelling 706:713 arg1 ratios 715:720 swelling ratios 706:720 swelling ratios 706:720 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 8 8 theme room 1412:1415 arg1 temperature 1417:1427 room temperature 1412:1427 room temperature 1412:1427 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 7 9 theme swelling 1061:1068 arg1 behavior 1070:1077 the swelling behavior 1057:1077 the swelling behavior of hydrogel 1057:1089 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 10 10 theme medical 1621:1627 arg1 field 1629:1633 the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles 1617:1713 the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles 1617:1713 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 8 11 with correlation 1355:1365 arg1 temperature 1372:1382 temperature 1372:1382 temperature 1372:1382 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 5 12 theme PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 769:782 arg1 blend 784:788 the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend 758:788 the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend 758:788 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 8 13 theme DS 1406:1407 arg1 % 1401:1401 65% 1399:1401 65% of DS at room temperature 1399:1427 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 8 13 theme DS 1406:1407 arg1 DS 1406:1407 DS 1406:1407 DS 1406:1407 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 8 13 theme DS 1406:1407 arg1 % 1435:1435 35% 1433:1435 35% at over body temperature 1433:1460 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 9 14 theme loaded 1503:1508 arg1 hydrogel 1517:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 On the other hand, the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel was completely released within the first 60 min. 30500494 9 15 theme PVA/SA 1510:1515 arg1 hydrogel 1517:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 On the other hand, the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel was completely released within the first 60 min. 30500494 6 16 theme neutral 984:990 arg1 pH 992:993 neutral pH 984:993 neutral pH 984:993 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 3 17 with copolymerization 565:580 arg1 NIPAM 587:591 NIPAM 587:591 NIPAM 587:591 The thermosensitive SA-g-NIPAM was prepared using redox copolymerization with NIPAM. 30500494 2 18 theme re-infected 489:499 arg1 wounds 501:506 re-infected wounds 489:506 re-infected wounds 489:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 9 19 theme other 1484:1488 arg1 hand 1490:1493 the other hand 1480:1493 the other hand 1480:1493 On the other hand, the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel was completely released within the first 60 min. 30500494 8 20 theme DS 1327:1328 arg1 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1337:1350 DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1327:1350 DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1327:1350 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 1 21 theme rising 210:215 arg1 impairment 259:268 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 7 22 theme basic 1267:1271 arg1 medium 1273:1278 basic medium 1267:1278 basic medium 1267:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 1 23 with correlation 172:182 arg1 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 9 24 theme first 1561:1565 arg1 60 min 1567:1572 the first 60 min 1557:1572 the first 60 min 1557:1572 On the other hand, the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel was completely released within the first 60 min. 30500494 10 25 theme pH-thermosensitive 1644:1661 arg1 hydrogel 1663:1670 new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel 1640:1670 new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel 1640:1670 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 7 26 dep groups 1181:1186 arg1 addition 1154:1161 addition 1154:1161 addition 1154:1161 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 1 27 theme wound 217:221 arg1 healing 251:257 wound temperature resulting wound healing 217:257 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 1 28 with Skin 137:140 arg1 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 inflammation 189:200 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 7 29 from neutral 1255:1261 arg1 properties 1241:1250 the physical properties 1228:1250 the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1228:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 5 30 theme morphological 731:743 arg1 50/50 791:795 50/50 791:795 50/50 791:795 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 30 theme morphological 731:743 arg1 structure 745:753 the morphological structure 727:753 the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) 727:796 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 2 31 theme alginate-g-N-isopropyl 363:384 arg1 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 31 theme alginate-g-N-isopropyl 363:384 arg1 acrylamide 386:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide 340:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds 340:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 10 32 theme new 1640:1642 arg1 hydrogel 1663:1670 new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel 1640:1670 new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel 1640:1670 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 1 33 theme temperature 223:233 arg1 healing 251:257 wound temperature resulting wound healing 217:257 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 0 34 theme pH-Thermosensitive 0:17 arg1 hydrogel 19:26 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel 0:26 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel 0:26 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 7 35 theme carboxylic 1170:1179 arg1 groups 1181:1186 the carboxylic groups 1166:1186 the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1166:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 7 35 theme carboxylic 1170:1179 arg1 SA 1191:1192 SA 1191:1192 SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1191:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 5 36 theme physical 685:692 arg1 properties 694:703 The physical properties 681:703 The physical properties (swelling ratios) 681:721 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 36 theme physical 685:692 arg1 ratios 715:720 swelling ratios 706:720 swelling ratios 706:720 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 2 37 theme sodium 356:361 arg1 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 37 theme sodium 356:361 arg1 acrylamide 386:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide 340:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds 340:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 8 38 theme loaded 1330:1335 arg1 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1337:1350 DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1327:1350 DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1327:1350 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 1 39 theme resulting 235:243 arg1 healing 251:257 wound temperature resulting wound healing 217:257 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 7 40 theme physical 1232:1239 arg1 properties 1241:1250 the physical properties 1228:1250 the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1228:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 6 41 theme diclofenac 894:903 arg1 sodium 905:910 diclofenac sodium 894:910 diclofenac sodium (DS) 894:915 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 6 41 theme diclofenac 894:903 arg1 DS 913:914 DS 913:914 DS 913:914 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 2 42 theme thermosensitive 340:354 arg1 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 SA-g-NIPAM 398:407 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 42 theme thermosensitive 340:354 arg1 acrylamide 386:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide 340:395 thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds 340:506 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 1 43 theme wound 245:249 arg1 healing 251:257 wound temperature resulting wound healing 217:257 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 8 44 from release 1316:1322 arg1 correlation 1355:1365 correlation 1355:1365 correlation with temperature 1355:1382 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 1 45 theme re-infection 142:153 arg1 problems 155:162 re-infection problems 142:162 re-infection problems 142:162 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 1 46 theme healing 251:257 arg1 impairment 259:268 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment 210:268 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 0 47 theme alcohol/sodium 47:60 arg1 acrylamide 83:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide 37:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds 37:134 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 4 48 theme FTIR 665:668 arg1 technique 670:678 FTIR technique 665:678 FTIR technique 665:678 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer was investigated via FTIR technique. 30500494 6 49 theme DS 967:968 arg1 release 956:962 the in-vitro release 943:962 the in-vitro release of DS 943:968 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 9 50 theme DS 1500:1501 arg1 hydrogel 1517:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel 1496:1524 On the other hand, the DS loaded PVA/SA hydrogel was completely released within the first 60 min. 30500494 0 51 theme polyvinyl 37:45 arg1 acrylamide 83:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide 37:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds 37:134 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 4 52 theme grafted 626:632 arg1 copolymer 634:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer 594:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer 594:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer was investigated via FTIR technique. 30500494 10 53 theme re-infection 1681:1692 arg1 troubles 1706:1713 re-infection skin wounds troubles 1681:1713 re-infection skin wounds troubles 1681:1713 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 7 54 from medium 1273:1278 arg1 properties 1241:1250 the physical properties 1228:1250 the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1228:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 2 55 theme current 279:285 arg1 study 287:291 this current study 274:291 this current study 274:291 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 7 56 theme positive 1209:1216 arg1 effect 1218:1223 a positive effect 1207:1223 a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1207:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 5 57 theme blend 784:788 arg1 50/50 791:795 50/50 791:795 50/50 791:795 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 57 theme blend 784:788 arg1 properties 694:703 The physical properties 681:703 The physical properties (swelling ratios) 681:721 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 57 theme blend 784:788 arg1 ratios 715:720 swelling ratios 706:720 swelling ratios 706:720 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 5 57 theme blend 784:788 arg1 structure 745:753 the morphological structure 727:753 the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) 727:796 The physical properties (swelling ratios) and the morphological structure of the formed PVA/SA-g-NIPAM blend (50/50) were examined. 30500494 3 58 theme thermosensitive 513:527 arg1 SA-g-NIPAM 529:538 The thermosensitive SA-g-NIPAM 509:538 The thermosensitive SA-g-NIPAM 509:538 The thermosensitive SA-g-NIPAM was prepared using redox copolymerization with NIPAM. 30500494 6 59 theme anti-inflammatory 870:886 arg1 drug 888:891 anti-inflammatory drug 870:891 anti-inflammatory drug 870:891 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 3 60 theme redox 559:563 arg1 copolymerization 565:580 redox copolymerization 559:580 redox copolymerization with NIPAM 559:591 The thermosensitive SA-g-NIPAM was prepared using redox copolymerization with NIPAM. 30500494 0 61 theme alginate/N-isopropyl 62:81 arg1 acrylamide 83:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide 37:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds 37:134 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 4 62 dep fabricated 598:607 arg1 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 610:623 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 610:623 PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 610:623 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer was investigated via FTIR technique. 30500494 6 63 theme in-vitro 947:954 arg1 release 956:962 the in-vitro release 943:962 the in-vitro release of DS 943:968 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 7 64 theme hydrogel 1082:1089 arg1 behavior 1070:1077 the swelling behavior 1057:1077 the swelling behavior of hydrogel 1057:1089 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 7 65 theme SA 1191:1192 arg1 groups 1181:1186 the carboxylic groups 1166:1186 the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1166:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 7 65 theme SA 1191:1192 arg1 SA 1191:1192 SA 1191:1192 SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium 1191:1278 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 10 66 theme skin 1694:1697 arg1 wounds 1699:1704 skin wounds 1694:1704 skin wounds 1694:1704 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 7 67 theme modification 1114:1125 arg1 process 1127:1133 modification process 1114:1133 modification process applied onto SA 1114:1149 The results obtained indicated that the swelling behavior of hydrogel strongly effected with modification process applied onto SA in addition to the carboxylic groups of SA which showed a positive effect on the physical properties at neutral and basic medium. 30500494 8 68 theme body 1445:1448 arg1 temperature 1450:1460 body temperature 1445:1460 body temperature 1445:1460 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 8 69 from temperature 1417:1427 arg1 % 1401:1401 65% 1399:1401 65% of DS at room temperature 1399:1427 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 8 69 from temperature 1417:1427 arg1 DS 1406:1407 DS 1406:1407 DS 1406:1407 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 8 69 from temperature 1417:1427 arg1 % 1435:1435 35% 1433:1435 35% at over body temperature 1433:1460 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 2 70 theme alcohol 304:310 arg1 hydrogel 318:325 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel 294:325 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel 294:325 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 6 71 theme PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 838:851 arg1 hydrogel 826:833 The prepared hydrogel 813:833 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 813:851 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 6 72 dep acidic 973:978 arg1 5.5 996:998 5.5 996:998 5.5 996:998 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 6 72 dep acidic 973:978 arg1 7 1004:1004 7 1004:1004 7 1004:1004 The prepared hydrogel of PVA/SA-g-NIPAM immobilized with anti-inflammatory drug; diclofenac sodium (DS) was assessed via studying the in-vitro release of DS at acidic and neutral pH (5.5 and 7) respectively. 30500494 2 73 theme polyvinyl 294:302 arg1 PVA 313:315 PVA 313:315 PVA 313:315 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 2 73 theme polyvinyl 294:302 arg1 alcohol 304:310 polyvinyl alcohol 294:310 polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel 294:325 In this current study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel blended with thermosensitive sodium alginate-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide (SA-g-NIPAM) producing thermosensitive hydrogel (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) for controlled response to re-infected wounds. 30500494 8 74 theme PVA/SA-g-NIPAM 1337:1350 arg1 release 1316:1322 the in-vitro release 1303:1322 the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature 1303:1382 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 1 75 dep Skin 137:140 arg1 problems 155:162 re-infection problems 142:162 re-infection problems 142:162 Skin re-infection problems and its correlation with inflammation, causes rising wound temperature resulting wound healing impairment. 30500494 8 76 theme in-vitro 1307:1314 arg1 release 1316:1322 the in-vitro release 1303:1322 the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature 1303:1382 Furthermore, studying the in-vitro release of DS loaded PVA/SA-g-NIPAM in correlation with temperature indicated that 65% of DS at room temperature and 35% at over body temperature were released. 30500494 10 77 theme obtained 1579:1586 arg1 results 1588:1594 The obtained results 1575:1594 The obtained results 1575:1594 The obtained results considered to supply the medical field with new pH-thermosensitive hydrogel can face re-infection skin wounds troubles. 30500494 0 78 theme composite 94:102 arg1 acrylamide 83:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide 37:92 polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds 37:134 pH-Thermosensitive hydrogel based on polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/N-isopropyl acrylamide composite for treating re-infected wounds. 30500494 4 79 theme fabricated 598:607 arg1 copolymer 634:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer 594:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer 594:642 The fabricated (PVA/SA-g-NIPAM) grafted copolymer was investigated via FTIR technique. 31247232 3 0 dep 7 405:405 arg1 11 410:411 11 410:411 11 410:411 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 0 dep 7 405:405 arg1 to 407:408 to 407:408 to 407:408 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 4 1 theme composite 498:506 arg1 properties 480:489 The structural properties 465:489 The structural properties of the composite 465:506 The structural properties of the composite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 31247232 4 2 theme structural 469:478 arg1 properties 480:489 The structural properties 465:489 The structural properties of the composite 465:506 The structural properties of the composite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 31247232 1 3 theme forced 267:272 arg1 technique 285:293 the forced hydrolysis technique 263:293 the forced hydrolysis technique 263:293 CuO was successfully prepared on bacterial cellulose paper as a nanocomposite using the forced hydrolysis technique. 31247232 0 4 theme synergistic 85:95 arg1 approach 97:104 A synergistic approach 83:104 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 0:177 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 5 5 theme thermal 651:657 arg1 resistance 659:668 a thermal resistance 649:668 a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network 649:823 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 1 6 theme hydrolysis 274:283 arg1 technique 285:293 the forced hydrolysis technique 263:293 the forced hydrolysis technique 263:293 CuO was successfully prepared on bacterial cellulose paper as a nanocomposite using the forced hydrolysis technique. 31247232 3 7 from 7 405:405 arg1 pH 397:398 pH 397:398 pH from 7 to 11 397:411 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 7 from 7 405:405 arg1 effect 387:392 The effect 383:392 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose 383:451 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 7 8 theme paper-based 1020:1030 arg1 technology 1032:1041 paper-based technology 1020:1041 paper-based technology 1020:1041 The composite paper will act as the prototype for both photocatalyst and antibacterial properties for paper-based technology. 31247232 2 9 theme composite 300:308 arg1 paper 310:314 The composite paper 296:314 The composite paper 296:314 The composite paper presented outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. 31247232 7 10 theme composite 922:930 arg1 prototype 954:962 the prototype 950:962 the prototype for both photocatalyst and antibacterial properties for paper-based technology 950:1041 The composite paper will act as the prototype for both photocatalyst and antibacterial properties for paper-based technology. 31247232 7 10 theme composite 922:930 arg1 paper 932:936 The composite paper 918:936 The composite paper 918:936 The composite paper will act as the prototype for both photocatalyst and antibacterial properties for paper-based technology. 31247232 5 11 theme up 673:674 arg1 resistance 659:668 a thermal resistance 649:668 a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network 649:823 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 6 12 theme mapping 848:854 arg1 analysis 856:863 Energy-dispersive and mapping analysis 826:863 analysis 856:863 Energy-dispersive and mapping analysis also showed the optimal uniformity and distribution. 31247232 5 13 theme electron 696:703 arg1 microscopy 705:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 5 14 theme 200 °C. 679:685 arg1 microscopy 705:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 5 15 theme Scanning 687:694 arg1 microscopy 705:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy 679:714 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 6 16 theme Energy-dispersive 826:842 arg1 analysis 856:863 Energy-dispersive and mapping analysis 826:863 analysis 856:863 Energy-dispersive and mapping analysis also showed the optimal uniformity and distribution. 31247232 2 17 theme photocatalytic 338:351 arg1 properties 371:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 The composite paper presented outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. 31247232 5 18 theme CuO 778:780 arg1 particles 782:790 CuO particles 778:790 CuO particles 778:790 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 0 19 theme particles 19:27 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 0:177 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 7 20 theme antibacterial 991:1003 arg1 properties 1005:1014 antibacterial properties 991:1014 antibacterial properties 991:1014 The composite paper will act as the prototype for both photocatalyst and antibacterial properties for paper-based technology. 31247232 2 21 theme outstanding 326:336 arg1 properties 371:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 The composite paper presented outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. 31247232 5 22 contain has 645:647 arg1 composite 635:643 the composite 631:643 the composite 631:643 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 5 22 contain has 645:647 arg2 resistance 659:668 a thermal resistance 649:668 a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network 649:823 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 0 23 theme CuO 15:17 arg1 particles 19:27 CuO particles 15:27 CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets 15:59 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 3 24 from effect 387:392 arg1 formation 420:428 CuO formation 416:428 CuO formation 416:428 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 24 from effect 387:392 arg1 7 405:405 7 405:405 7 405:405 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 24 from effect 387:392 arg1 cellulose 443:451 bacterial cellulose 433:451 bacterial cellulose 433:451 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 1 25 theme bacterial 212:220 arg1 paper 232:236 bacterial cellulose paper 212:236 bacterial cellulose paper 212:236 CuO was successfully prepared on bacterial cellulose paper as a nanocomposite using the forced hydrolysis technique. 31247232 0 26 theme bacterial 34:42 arg1 sheets 54:59 bacterial cellulose sheets 34:59 bacterial cellulose sheets 34:59 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 0 27 theme photocatalytic 133:146 arg1 properties 167:176 photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties 133:176 photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties 133:176 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 1 28 theme cellulose 222:230 arg1 paper 232:236 bacterial cellulose paper 212:236 bacterial cellulose paper 212:236 CuO was successfully prepared on bacterial cellulose paper as a nanocomposite using the forced hydrolysis technique. 31247232 3 29 theme bacterial 433:441 arg1 cellulose 443:451 bacterial cellulose 433:451 bacterial cellulose 433:451 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 30 theme CuO 416:418 arg1 formation 420:428 CuO formation 416:428 CuO formation 416:428 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 3 31 theme pH 397:398 arg1 effect 387:392 The effect 383:392 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose 383:451 The effect of pH from 7 to 11 on CuO formation on bacterial cellulose was tested. 31247232 0 32 theme antibiofouling 152:165 arg1 properties 167:176 photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties 133:176 photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties 133:176 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 5 33 theme Thermogravimetric 592:608 arg1 analysis 610:617 Thermogravimetric analysis 592:617 Thermogravimetric analysis 592:617 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 0 34 theme cellulose 44:52 arg1 sheets 54:59 bacterial cellulose sheets 34:59 bacterial cellulose sheets 34:59 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 4 35 dep Fourier 529:535 arg1 transform 537:545 transform 537:545 transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction 537:589 The structural properties of the composite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 31247232 4 36 theme X-ray 573:577 arg1 diffraction 579:589 X-ray diffraction 573:589 X-ray diffraction 573:589 The structural properties of the composite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 31247232 5 37 theme bacterial 728:736 arg1 cellulose 738:746 bacterial cellulose 728:746 bacterial cellulose 728:746 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 5 38 from spaces 803:808 arg1 network 817:823 the network 813:823 the network 813:823 Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the composite has a thermal resistance of up to 200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cellulose existed as a network and that CuO particles filled the spaces in the network. 31247232 2 39 theme antibacterial 357:369 arg1 properties 371:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties 326:380 The composite paper presented outstanding photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. 31247232 0 40 theme forced 64:69 arg1 hydrolysis 71:80 forced hydrolysis 64:80 forced hydrolysis 64:80 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 6 41 theme optimal 881:887 arg1 uniformity 889:898 uniformity 889:898 uniformity 889:898 Energy-dispersive and mapping analysis also showed the optimal uniformity and distribution. 31247232 0 42 dep Development 0:10 arg1 approach 97:104 A synergistic approach 83:104 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 0:177 Development of CuO particles onto bacterial cellulose sheets by forced hydrolysis: A synergistic approach for generating sheets with photocatalytic and antibiofouling properties. 31247232 4 43 dep transform 537:545 arg1 infrared 547:554 infrared 547:554 transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction 537:589 The structural properties of the composite were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. 29791242 5 0 theme HepG-2 774:779 arg1 cells 781:785 HepG-2 cells 774:785 HepG-2 cells 774:785 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 8 1 theme effective 1490:1498 arg1 strategy 1500:1507 an effective strategy 1487:1507 an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin 1487:1536 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 7 2 theme injection 1372:1380 arg1 group 1382:1386 the insulin injection group 1360:1386 the insulin injection group 1360:1386 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 4 3 theme insulin 499:505 arg1 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 6 4 from mucoadhesion 946:957 arg1 ileum 983:987 ileum 983:987 ileum 983:987 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 5 theme acid 1005:1008 arg1 groups 1010:1015 the cholic acid groups 994:1015 the cholic acid groups 994:1015 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 0 6 theme acids 94:98 arg1 circulation 74:84 enterohepatic circulation 60:84 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 60:98 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 4 7 theme % 533:533 arg1 diameter 476:483 a diameter 474:483 a diameter of 239 nm 474:493 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 7 theme % 533:533 arg1 capacity 550:557 a loading capacity 540:557 a loading capacity of 18.2% 540:566 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 7 theme % 533:533 arg1 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 6 8 theme section 861:867 arg1 images 845:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images 824:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver 824:902 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 9 theme nanoparticles 757:769 arg1 absorption 739:748 the absorption 735:748 the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells 735:785 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 3 10 theme modified 370:377 arg1 derivative 388:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 7 11 theme insulin 1364:1370 arg1 group 1382:1386 the insulin injection group 1360:1386 the insulin injection group 1360:1386 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 6 12 from absorptions 1033:1043 arg1 ileum 1074:1078 ileum 1074:1078 ileum 1074:1078 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 12 from absorptions 1033:1043 arg1 liver 1084:1088 liver 1084:1088 liver 1084:1088 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 13 theme Ex 824:825 arg1 images 845:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images 824:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver 824:902 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 8 14 theme acids 1478:1482 arg1 circulation 1458:1468 enterohepatic circulation 1444:1468 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 1444:1482 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 3 15 theme chitosan 379:386 arg1 derivative 388:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 2 16 theme acids 290:294 arg1 circulation 270:280 enterohepatic circulation 256:280 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 256:294 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 17 theme acid 1105:1108 arg1 transporters 1110:1121 bile acid transporters 1100:1121 bile acid transporters 1100:1121 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 3 18 theme quaternary 350:359 arg1 ammonium 361:368 quaternary ammonium 350:368 quaternary ammonium 350:368 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 6 19 theme liver 898:902 arg1 images 845:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images 824:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver 824:902 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 20 theme acid 615:618 arg1 groups 620:625 the cholic acid groups 604:625 the cholic acid groups 604:625 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 5 21 theme cholic 608:613 arg1 groups 620:625 the cholic acid groups 604:625 the cholic acid groups 604:625 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 2 22 theme bile 285:288 arg1 acids 290:294 bile acids 285:294 bile acids 285:294 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 23 theme transporter 801:811 arg1 mechanism 813:821 bile acid transporter mechanism 791:821 bile acid transporter mechanism 791:821 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 4 24 theme loading 507:513 arg1 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 0 25 theme Liver-targeted 0:13 arg1 delivery 15:22 Liver-targeted delivery 0:22 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 0:98 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 8 26 theme bile 1473:1476 arg1 acids 1478:1482 bile acids 1473:1482 bile acids 1473:1482 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 4 27 contain had 470:472 arg1 nanoparticles 456:468 The nanoparticles 452:468 The nanoparticles 452:468 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 27 contain had 470:472 arg2 diameter 476:483 a diameter 474:483 a diameter of 239 nm 474:493 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 27 contain had 470:472 arg2 capacity 550:557 a loading capacity 540:557 a loading capacity of 18.2% 540:566 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 27 contain had 470:472 arg2 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 3 28 theme hydroxypropyl 403:415 arg1 HPMCP 444:448 HPMCP 444:448 HPMCP 444:448 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 3 28 theme hydroxypropyl 403:415 arg1 phthalate 433:441 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 403:441 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) 403:449 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 3 29 theme cholic 334:339 arg1 acid 341:344 cholic acid 334:344 cholic acid 334:344 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 7 30 theme oral 1217:1220 arg1 group 1235:1239 the oral nanoparticle group 1213:1239 the oral nanoparticle group 1213:1239 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 5 31 theme Cell 569:572 arg1 studies 582:588 Cell culture studies 569:588 Cell culture studies 569:588 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 6 32 theme acids 1161:1165 arg1 circulation 1141:1151 enterohepatic circulation 1127:1151 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 1127:1165 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 3 33 theme methylcellulose 417:431 arg1 HPMCP 444:448 HPMCP 444:448 HPMCP 444:448 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 3 33 theme methylcellulose 417:431 arg1 phthalate 433:441 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 403:441 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) 403:449 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 5 34 theme culture 574:580 arg1 studies 582:588 Cell culture studies 569:588 Cell culture studies 569:588 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 6 35 theme bile 1156:1159 arg1 acids 1161:1165 bile acids 1156:1165 bile acids 1156:1165 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 0 36 theme insulin-loaded 27:40 arg1 nanoparticles 42:54 insulin-loaded nanoparticles 27:54 insulin-loaded nanoparticles 27:54 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 7 37 theme hypoglycemic 1256:1267 arg1 effect 1269:1274 hypoglycemic effect 1256:1274 hypoglycemic effect 1256:1274 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 8 38 theme first 1397:1401 arg1 time 1403:1406 the first time 1393:1406 the first time 1393:1406 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 7 39 theme pharmacological 1303:1317 arg1 availability 1319:1330 its pharmacological availability 1299:1330 its pharmacological availability 1299:1330 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 4 40 theme % 566:566 arg1 diameter 476:483 a diameter 474:483 a diameter of 239 nm 474:493 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 40 theme % 566:566 arg1 capacity 550:557 a loading capacity 540:557 a loading capacity of 18.2% 540:566 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 40 theme % 566:566 arg1 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 2 41 theme innovative 174:183 arg1 nanoparticles 185:197 innovative nanoparticles 174:197 innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin 174:245 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 1 42 theme primary 114:120 arg1 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 42 theme primary 114:120 arg1 site 129:132 the primary acting site 110:132 the primary acting site of insulin 110:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 42 theme primary 114:120 arg1 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 6 43 theme nanoparticles 1052:1064 arg1 absorptions 1033:1043 the absorptions 1029:1043 the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver 1029:1088 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 44 theme nanoparticles 966:978 arg1 mucoadhesion 946:957 the mucoadhesion 942:957 the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum 942:987 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 3 45 dep acid 341:344 arg1 derivative 388:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 modified chitosan derivative 370:397 The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). 29791242 6 46 theme gastrointestinal 870:885 arg1 tract 887:891 gastrointestinal tract 870:891 gastrointestinal tract 870:891 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 2 47 theme insulin 239:245 arg1 delivery 227:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery 203:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin 203:245 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 48 dep Ex 824:825 arg1 vivo 827:830 vivo 827:830 vivo 827:830 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 0 49 theme nanoparticles 42:54 arg1 delivery 15:22 Liver-targeted delivery 0:22 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 0:98 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 50 theme bile 791:794 arg1 transporter 801:811 bile acid transporter 791:811 bile acid transporter mechanism 791:821 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 4 51 theme 239 nm 488:493 arg1 diameter 476:483 a diameter 474:483 a diameter of 239 nm 474:493 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 51 theme 239 nm 488:493 arg1 capacity 550:557 a loading capacity 540:557 a loading capacity of 18.2% 540:566 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 4 51 theme 239 nm 488:493 arg1 efficiency 515:524 an insulin loading efficiency 496:524 an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9% 496:533 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 5 52 theme acid 796:799 arg1 transporter 801:811 bile acid transporter 791:811 bile acid transporter mechanism 791:821 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 5 53 theme nanoparticles 669:681 arg1 transport 652:660 the transport 648:660 the transport of the nanoparticles 648:681 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 5 54 from absorption 739:748 arg1 cells 781:785 HepG-2 cells 774:785 HepG-2 cells 774:785 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 6 55 theme tract 887:891 arg1 images 845:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images 824:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver 824:902 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 1 56 theme acting 122:127 arg1 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 56 theme acting 122:127 arg1 site 129:132 the primary acting site 110:132 the primary acting site of insulin 110:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 56 theme acting 122:127 arg1 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 0 57 theme enterohepatic 60:72 arg1 circulation 74:84 enterohepatic circulation 60:84 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 60:98 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 4 58 theme loading 542:548 arg1 capacity 550:557 a loading capacity 540:557 a loading capacity of 18.2% 540:566 The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. 29791242 7 59 theme nanoparticle 1222:1233 arg1 group 1235:1239 the oral nanoparticle group 1213:1239 the oral nanoparticle group 1213:1239 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 6 60 theme ileum 855:859 arg1 section 861:867 ileum section 855:867 ileum section 855:867 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 2 61 theme liver-targeted 212:225 arg1 delivery 227:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery 203:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin 203:245 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 62 theme Caco-2 691:696 arg1 monolayer 703:711 Caco-2 cell monolayer 691:711 Caco-2 cell monolayer 691:711 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 2 63 theme oral 203:206 arg1 delivery 227:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery 203:234 oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin 203:245 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 64 theme transporters 1110:1121 arg1 use 1093:1095 use 1093:1095 use of bile acid transporters 1093:1121 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 5 65 theme cell 698:701 arg1 monolayer 703:711 Caco-2 cell monolayer 691:711 Caco-2 cell monolayer 691:711 Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. 29791242 8 66 theme enterohepatic 1444:1456 arg1 circulation 1458:1468 enterohepatic circulation 1444:1468 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 1444:1482 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 2 67 theme enterohepatic 256:268 arg1 circulation 270:280 enterohepatic circulation 256:280 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 256:294 In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 1 68 theme insulin 137:143 arg1 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 insulin 137:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 68 theme insulin 137:143 arg1 site 129:132 the primary acting site 110:132 the primary acting site of insulin 110:143 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 1 68 theme insulin 137:143 arg1 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver 101:105 Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. 29791242 6 69 theme enterohepatic 1127:1139 arg1 circulation 1141:1151 enterohepatic circulation 1127:1151 enterohepatic circulation of bile acids 1127:1165 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 0 70 theme bile 89:92 arg1 acids 94:98 bile acids 89:98 bile acids 89:98 Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 71 theme fluorescence 832:843 arg1 images 845:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images 824:850 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver 824:902 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 8 72 theme insulin 1530:1536 arg1 delivery 1518:1525 oral delivery 1513:1525 oral delivery of insulin 1513:1536 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 29791242 6 73 theme bile 1100:1103 arg1 transporters 1110:1121 bile acid transporters 1100:1121 bile acid transporters 1100:1121 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 6 74 theme cholic 998:1003 arg1 groups 1010:1015 the cholic acid groups 994:1015 the cholic acid groups 994:1015 Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. 29791242 7 75 theme diabetic 1184:1191 arg1 mice 1193:1196 diabetic mice 1184:1196 diabetic mice 1184:1196 The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. 29791242 8 76 theme oral 1513:1516 arg1 delivery 1518:1525 oral delivery 1513:1525 oral delivery of insulin 1513:1536 For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin. 31686502 4 0 theme ovalbumin 956:964 arg1 release 967:973 protein (ovalbumin) release 947:973 protein (ovalbumin) release 947:973 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 3 1 theme thermoresponsive 543:558 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 4 2 theme release 967:973 arg1 kinetics 975:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics 886:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 886:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 3 3 theme neutral 591:597 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 1 4 theme therapeutics 271:282 arg1 number 247:252 a growing number 237:252 a growing number of protein-based therapeutics 237:282 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 5 5 theme targeted 1311:1318 arg1 combinations 1320:1331 targeted combinations 1311:1331 targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1311:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 6 theme charged 582:588 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 4 7 theme protein 947:953 arg1 release 967:973 protein (ovalbumin) release 947:973 protein (ovalbumin) release 947:973 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 2 8 theme high-throughput 307:321 arg1 strategy 323:330 a high-throughput strategy 305:330 a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery 305:454 Herein, we describe a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery. 31686502 6 9 theme biomedical 1823:1832 arg1 applications 1834:1845 other biomedical applications 1817:1845 other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1817:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 5 10 theme collected 1190:1198 arg1 data 1200:1203 the collected data 1186:1203 the collected data set 1186:1207 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 11 theme synthetic 623:631 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 4 12 theme characterization 800:815 arg1 strategies 817:826 High-throughput characterization strategies 784:826 High-throughput characterization strategies 784:826 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 13 theme release 1398:1404 arg1 rate 1406:1409 minimum release rate 1390:1409 minimum release rate 1390:1409 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 14 theme performance 1160:1170 arg1 statistics 1172:1181 performance statistics 1160:1181 performance statistics 1160:1181 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 15 theme aldehyde 675:682 arg1 groups 684:689 aldehyde groups 675:689 aldehyde groups 675:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 6 16 theme particular 1680:1689 arg1 promise 1691:1697 particular promise 1680:1697 particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1680:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 6 17 theme protein 1789:1795 arg1 delivery 1797:1804 protein delivery 1789:1804 protein delivery 1789:1804 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 0 18 theme Injectable 57:66 arg1 Hydrogels 68:76 Injectable Hydrogels 57:76 Injectable Hydrogels 57:76 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 5 19 theme numerical 1224:1232 arg1 optimization 1234:1245 numerical optimization 1224:1245 numerical optimization 1224:1245 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 20 theme protein 1373:1379 arg1 release 1381:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 21 used used 1250:1253 arg2 optimization 1234:1245 numerical optimization 1224:1245 numerical optimization 1224:1245 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 1 22 theme prolonged 161:169 arg1 release 179:185 prolonged protein release 161:185 prolonged protein release 161:185 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 4 23 theme traditional 1041:1051 arg1 techniques 1076:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 6 24 theme materials 1876:1884 arg1 properties 1886:1895 clearly predefined materials properties 1857:1895 clearly predefined materials properties 1857:1895 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 6 25 theme relevant 1771:1778 arg1 compositions 1758:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions 1738:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1738:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 26 theme hydrogel 1058:1065 arg1 techniques 1076:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 27 theme minimal 1336:1342 arg1 release 1350:1356 minimal burst release 1336:1356 minimal burst release 1336:1356 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 6 28 theme hydrogel 1749:1756 arg1 compositions 1758:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions 1738:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1738:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 5 29 theme Dynamic 1088:1094 arg1 regression 1096:1105 Dynamic regression 1088:1105 Dynamic regression 1088:1105 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 30 theme particular 1452:1461 arg1 relevance 1463:1471 particular relevance 1452:1471 particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1452:1516 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 6 31 theme protocols 1554:1562 arg1 throughput 1536:1545 the rapid throughput 1526:1545 the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours) 1526:1656 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 5 32 theme precursor 1279:1287 arg1 polymers 1289:1296 precursor polymers 1279:1296 precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1279:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 33 theme maximum 1416:1422 arg1 transparency 1424:1435 maximum transparency 1416:1435 maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1416:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 34 theme high-throughput 501:515 arg1 robot 517:521 an automated high-throughput robot 488:521 an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 488:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 2 35 theme protein 439:445 arg1 delivery 447:454 protein delivery 439:454 protein delivery 439:454 Herein, we describe a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery. 31686502 6 36 theme rapid 1530:1534 arg1 throughput 1536:1545 the rapid throughput 1526:1545 the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours) 1526:1656 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 3 37 theme a 530:530 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 3 37 theme a 530:530 arg1 variety 532:538 mix a variety 526:538 mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 526:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 3 38 theme well-defined 734:745 arg1 compositions 747:758 well-defined compositions 734:758 well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate 734:781 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 4 39 theme hydrogel 886:893 arg1 swelling 895:902 hydrogel swelling 886:902 hydrogel swelling 886:902 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 1 40 from development 104:114 arg1 hydrogels 135:143 situ-gelling hydrogels 122:143 situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release 122:185 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 5 41 theme burst 1344:1348 arg1 release 1350:1356 minimal burst release 1336:1356 minimal burst release 1336:1356 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 2 42 attach hydrazone-cross-linked 386:407 arg3 hydrogels 425:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 Herein, we describe a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery. 31686502 5 43 dep transparency 1424:1435 arg1 latter 1442:1447 latter 1442:1447 latter 1442:1447 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 44 theme variable 1118:1125 arg1 modeling 1127:1134 latent variable modeling 1111:1134 latent variable modeling 1111:1134 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 45 theme 96-well 769:775 arg1 plate 777:781 a 96-well plate 767:781 a 96-well plate 767:781 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 5 46 theme protein 1488:1494 arg1 applications 1505:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 1 47 theme number 247:252 arg1 emergence 224:232 the emergence 220:232 the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics 220:282 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 1 48 theme growing 239:245 arg1 number 247:252 a growing number 237:252 a growing number of protein-based therapeutics 237:282 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 1 49 theme protein-based 257:269 arg1 therapeutics 271:282 protein-based therapeutics 257:282 protein-based therapeutics 257:282 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 3 50 with hydrogels 719:727 arg1 compositions 747:758 well-defined compositions 734:758 well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate 734:781 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 1 51 theme protein 171:177 arg1 release 179:185 prolonged protein release 161:185 prolonged protein release 161:185 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 4 52 theme transparency 929:940 arg1 kinetics 975:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics 886:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 886:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 3 53 theme sourced 610:616 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 6 54 dep delivery 1797:1804 arg1 both 1784:1787 both 1784:1787 both 1784:1787 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 55 theme consistent 1003:1012 arg1 results 995:1001 results 995:1001 results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 995:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 3 56 theme polymers 633:640 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 3 56 theme polymers 633:640 arg1 variety 532:538 mix a variety 526:538 mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 526:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 6 57 theme other 1817:1821 arg1 applications 1834:1845 other biomedical applications 1817:1845 other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1817:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 58 theme kinetics 975:982 arg1 analysis 874:881 on-plate analysis 865:881 on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 865:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 59 theme minimum 1390:1396 arg1 rate 1406:1409 minimum release rate 1390:1409 minimum release rate 1390:1409 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 1 60 theme situ-gelling 122:133 arg1 hydrogels 135:143 situ-gelling hydrogels 122:143 situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release 122:185 The development of in situ-gelling hydrogels that can enable prolonged protein release is increasingly important due to the emergence of a growing number of protein-based therapeutics. 31686502 4 61 theme High-throughput 784:798 arg1 strategies 817:826 High-throughput characterization strategies 784:826 High-throughput characterization strategies 784:826 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 62 theme rate 1406:1409 arg1 combinations 1320:1331 targeted combinations 1311:1331 targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1311:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 0 63 theme Hydrogels 68:76 arg1 Analysis 27:34 Analysis 27:34 Analysis 27:34 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 0 63 theme Hydrogels 68:76 arg1 Optimization 41:52 Optimization 41:52 Optimization 41:52 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 0 63 theme Hydrogels 68:76 arg1 Synthesis 16:24 High-Throughput Synthesis 0:24 High-Throughput Synthesis 0:24 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 4 64 theme analysis 1067:1074 arg1 techniques 1076:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 65 theme total 1367:1371 arg1 release 1381:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 0 66 theme Protein 82:88 arg1 Delivery 90:97 Protein Delivery 82:97 Protein Delivery 82:97 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 5 67 theme release 1381:1387 arg1 combinations 1320:1331 targeted combinations 1311:1331 targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1311:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 6 68 theme predefined 1865:1874 arg1 properties 1886:1895 clearly predefined materials properties 1857:1895 clearly predefined materials properties 1857:1895 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 0 69 theme High-Throughput 0:14 arg1 Synthesis 16:24 High-Throughput Synthesis 0:24 High-Throughput Synthesis 0:24 High-Throughput Synthesis, Analysis, and Optimization of Injectable Hydrogels for Protein Delivery. 31686502 6 70 theme compositions 1758:1769 arg1 identification 1720:1733 the identification 1716:1733 the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1716:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 71 theme bulk 1053:1056 arg1 techniques 1076:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 1041:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 4 72 theme on-plate 865:872 arg1 analysis 874:881 on-plate analysis 865:881 on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 865:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 2 73 theme situ-gelling 412:423 arg1 hydrogels 425:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 Herein, we describe a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery. 31686502 6 74 theme injectable 1738:1747 arg1 compositions 1758:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions 1738:1769 injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required 1738:1908 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 75 with consistent 1003:1012 arg1 those 1019:1023 those 1019:1023 those 1019:1023 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 76 theme polymers 1289:1296 arg1 mixtures 1267:1274 mixtures 1267:1274 mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1267:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 77 theme transparency 1424:1435 arg1 combinations 1320:1331 targeted combinations 1311:1331 targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1311:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 4 78 theme mechanics 905:913 arg1 kinetics 975:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics 886:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 886:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 79 theme delivery 1496:1503 arg1 applications 1505:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 80 theme automated 491:499 arg1 robot 517:521 an automated high-throughput robot 488:521 an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 488:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 2 81 from hydrazone-cross-linked 386:407 arg1 hydrogels 425:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 situ-gelling hydrogels 412:433 Herein, we describe a high-throughput strategy to fabricate, characterize, and subsequently optimize hydrazone-cross-linked in situ-gelling hydrogels for protein delivery. 31686502 4 82 theme degradation 916:926 arg1 kinetics 975:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics 886:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 886:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 6 83 dep developed 1564:1572 arg1 protocols 1554:1562 the protocols 1550:1562 the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours) 1550:1656 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 6 83 dep developed 1564:1572 arg1 hydrogels 1585:1593 126 hydrogels 1581:1593 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours 1581:1655 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 3 84 theme situ-gelling 706:717 arg1 hydrogels 719:727 situ-gelling hydrogels 706:727 situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate 706:781 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 5 85 theme relevance 1463:1471 arg1 latter 1442:1447 latter 1442:1447 latter 1442:1447 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 86 theme mix 526:528 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 3 86 theme mix 526:528 arg1 variety 532:538 mix a variety 526:538 mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 526:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 5 87 theme release 1350:1356 arg1 combinations 1320:1331 targeted combinations 1311:1331 targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications) 1311:1517 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 5 88 theme latent 1111:1116 arg1 modeling 1127:1134 latent variable modeling 1111:1134 latent variable modeling 1111:1134 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 6 89 dep hydrogels 1585:1593 arg1 i.e. 1575:1578 i.e. 1575:1578 i.e. 1575:1578 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 6 89 dep hydrogels 1585:1593 arg1 screened 1618:1625 screened 1618:1625 screened in quadruplicate within hours 1618:1655 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 6 89 dep hydrogels 1585:1593 arg1 synthesized 1602:1612 synthesized 1602:1612 synthesized 1602:1612 Given the rapid throughput of the protocols developed (i.e., 126 hydrogels can be synthesized and screened in quadruplicate within hours), this approach offers particular promise for accelerating the identification of injectable hydrogel compositions relevant for both protein delivery as well as other biomedical applications for which clearly predefined materials properties are required. 31686502 4 90 theme swelling 895:902 arg1 kinetics 975:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics 886:982 hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques 886:1085 High-throughput characterization strategies are subsequently developed to enable on-plate analysis of hydrogel swelling, mechanics, degradation, transparency, and protein (ovalbumin) release kinetics that yield results consistent with those collected using traditional bulk hydrogel analysis techniques. 31686502 5 91 theme ophthalmic 1477:1486 arg1 applications 1505:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 ophthalmic protein delivery applications 1477:1516 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 31686502 3 92 theme nonthermoresponsive 561:579 arg1 polymers 633:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers 543:640 thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups 543:689 Hydrogels are fabricated using an automated high-throughput robot to mix a variety of thermoresponsive, nonthermoresponsive, charged, neutral, naturally sourced, and synthetic polymers functionalized with hydrazide or aldehyde groups, generating in situ-gelling hydrogels with well-defined compositions within a 96-well plate. 31686502 5 93 theme maximum 1359:1365 arg1 release 1381:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 maximum total protein release 1359:1387 Dynamic regression and latent variable modeling are then applied to fit performance statistics to the collected data set; subsequently, numerical optimization is used to identify mixtures of precursor polymers that exhibit targeted combinations of minimal burst release, maximum total protein release, minimum release rate, and maximum transparency (the latter of particular relevance for ophthalmic protein delivery applications). 30643435 7 0 theme reduced 1149:1155 arg1 numbers 1157:1163 reduced numbers 1149:1163 reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed 1149:1194 The interaction with human macrophages was also altered, with reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed. 30643435 10 1 theme OCH1 1467:1470 arg1 silencing 1472:1480 OCH1 silencing 1467:1480 OCH1 silencing 1467:1480 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 1 2 theme fungal 159:164 arg1 schenckii 134:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 1 2 theme fungal 159:164 arg1 pathogen 166:173 a neglected fungal pathogen 147:173 a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals 147:211 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 5 3 from surface 930:936 arg1 exposure 894:901 exposure 894:901 exposure 894:901 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 3 from surface 930:936 arg1 components 912:921 inner components 906:921 inner components at the surface 906:936 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 3 from surface 930:936 arg1 composition 878:888 composition 878:888 composition 878:888 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 0 4 theme glycans 68:74 arg1 role 30:33 the role 26:33 the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction 26:109 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 5 5 theme cell 852:855 arg1 wall 857:860 the cell wall 848:860 the cell wall 848:860 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 3 6 dep albicans 511:518 arg1 dispensable 534:544 dispensable 534:544 dispensable 534:544 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 3 6 dep albicans 511:518 arg1 virulence 520:528 virulence 520:528 virulence 520:528 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 0 7 theme host-fungus 87:97 arg1 interaction 99:109 the host-fungus interaction 83:109 the host-fungus interaction 83:109 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 2 8 link N-linked 322:329 arg1 glycans 331:337 N-linked glycans 322:337 N-linked glycans 322:337 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 10 9 theme S. 1515:1516 arg1 interaction 1533:1543 the S. schenckii-host interaction 1511:1543 the S. schenckii-host interaction 1511:1543 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 5 10 theme components 912:921 arg1 exposure 894:901 exposure 894:901 exposure 894:901 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 10 theme components 912:921 arg1 composition 878:888 composition 878:888 composition 878:888 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 11 theme inner 906:910 arg1 components 912:921 inner components 906:921 inner components at the surface 906:936 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 12 theme mutant 720:725 arg1 strains 727:733 The mutant strains 716:733 The mutant strains 716:733 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 3 13 theme essential 479:487 arg1 component 489:497 an essential component 476:497 an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host 476:606 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 6 14 theme human 961:965 arg1 monocytes 967:975 human monocytes 961:975 human monocytes 961:975 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 10 15 theme interaction 1533:1543 arg1 aspects 1500:1506 different aspects 1490:1506 different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction 1490:1543 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 1 16 theme BACKGROUND 112:121 arg1 schenckii 134:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 1 16 theme BACKGROUND 112:121 arg1 pathogen 166:173 a neglected fungal pathogen 147:173 a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals 147:211 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 7 17 theme human 1108:1112 arg1 macrophages 1114:1124 human macrophages 1108:1124 human macrophages 1108:1124 The interaction with human macrophages was also altered, with reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed. 30643435 2 18 theme host-fungus 380:390 arg1 interplay 392:400 the host-fungus interplay 376:400 the host-fungus interplay 376:400 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 5 19 theme colony 771:776 arg1 morphology 778:787 the cell or colony morphology 759:787 morphology 778:787 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 6 20 contain had 999:1001 arg2 ability 1013:1019 a reduced ability 1003:1019 a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 1003:1046 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 6 20 contain had 999:1001 arg1 strains 991:997 the silenced strains 978:997 the silenced strains 978:997 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 8 21 theme sporotrichosis 1294:1307 arg1 model 1285:1289 the mouse model 1275:1289 the mouse model of sporotrichosis 1275:1307 These strains showed virulence attenuation in both Galleria mellonella and in the mouse model of sporotrichosis. 30643435 2 22 theme Golgi 251:255 arg1 Och1 241:244 Och1 241:244 Och1 241:244 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 2 22 theme Golgi 251:255 arg1 α1,6-mannosyltransferase 257:280 a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase 249:280 a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay 249:400 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 3 23 theme fungal 423:428 arg1 virulence 430:438 fungal virulence 423:438 fungal virulence 423:438 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 5 24 from composition 878:888 arg1 surface 930:936 the surface 926:936 the surface 926:936 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 7 25 theme cells 1177:1181 arg1 numbers 1157:1163 reduced numbers 1149:1163 reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed 1149:1194 The interaction with human macrophages was also altered, with reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed. 30643435 7 26 theme silenced 1168:1175 arg1 cells 1177:1181 silenced cells 1168:1181 silenced cells phagocytosed 1168:1194 The interaction with human macrophages was also altered, with reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed. 30643435 3 27 theme OCH1 415:418 arg1 species-specific 452:467 species-specific 452:467 species-specific 452:467 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 3 27 theme OCH1 415:418 arg1 role 407:410 The role 403:410 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence 403:438 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 3 28 with interaction 557:567 arg1 host 603:606 the host 599:606 the host 599:606 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 8 29 theme Galleria 1248:1255 arg1 mellonella 1257:1266 both Galleria mellonella 1243:1266 both Galleria mellonella 1243:1266 These strains showed virulence attenuation in both Galleria mellonella and in the mouse model of sporotrichosis. 30643435 9 30 theme wild-type 1412:1420 arg1 strain 1422:1427 the wild-type strain 1408:1427 the wild-type strain 1408:1427 Nonetheless, the cytokine levels in infected organs did not vary significantly when compared with the wild-type strain. 30643435 0 31 theme OCH1 13:16 arg1 Silencing 0:8 Silencing 0:8 Silencing of OCH1 0:16 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 2 32 theme key 289:291 arg1 function 293:300 a key function 287:300 a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay 287:400 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 2 32 theme key 289:291 arg1 elements 360:367 important elements 350:367 important elements 350:367 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 1 33 theme other 199:203 arg1 mammals 205:211 other mammals 199:211 other mammals 199:211 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 10 34 theme schenckii-host 1518:1531 arg1 interaction 1533:1543 the S. schenckii-host interaction 1511:1543 the S. schenckii-host interaction 1511:1543 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 2 35 theme N-linked 322:329 arg1 glycans 331:337 N-linked glycans 322:337 N-linked glycans 322:337 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 4 36 dep S. 635:636 arg1 schenckii 638:646 schenckii 638:646 schenckii 638:646 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 30643435 6 37 theme reduced 1005:1011 arg1 ability 1013:1019 a reduced ability 1003:1019 a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 1003:1046 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 4 38 theme S. 635:636 arg1 OCH1 648:651 S. schenckii OCH1 635:651 S. schenckii OCH1 635:651 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 30643435 5 39 theme cell 763:766 arg1 morphology 778:787 the cell or colony morphology 759:787 morphology 778:787 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 1 40 dep being 189:193 arg1 the 179:181 the 179:181 the 179:181 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 6 41 theme silenced 982:989 arg1 strains 991:997 the silenced strains 978:997 the silenced strains 978:997 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 10 42 theme different 1490:1498 arg1 aspects 1500:1506 different aspects 1490:1506 different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction 1490:1543 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 5 43 dep RESULTS 708:714 arg1 show 743:746 show 743:746 did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism 735:841 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 43 dep RESULTS 708:714 arg1 changed 862:868 changed 862:868 changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface 862:936 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 2 44 theme several 217:223 arg1 systems 232:238 several fungal systems 217:238 several fungal systems 217:238 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 9 45 from levels 1336:1341 arg1 organs 1355:1360 infected organs 1346:1360 infected organs 1346:1360 Nonetheless, the cytokine levels in infected organs did not vary significantly when compared with the wild-type strain. 30643435 2 46 theme glycans 331:337 arg1 synthesis 309:317 the synthesis 305:317 the synthesis of N-linked glycans 305:337 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 3 47 from role 407:410 arg1 virulence 430:438 fungal virulence 423:438 fungal virulence 423:438 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 5 48 from defects 748:754 arg1 rate 801:804 the growth rate 790:804 the growth rate 790:804 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 48 from defects 748:754 arg1 ability 813:819 the ability 809:819 the ability to undergo dimorphism 809:841 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 5 48 from defects 748:754 arg1 morphology 778:787 the cell or colony morphology 759:787 morphology 778:787 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 3 49 theme fumigatus 584:592 arg1 interaction 557:567 the interaction 553:567 the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host 553:606 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 0 50 link N-linked 59:66 arg1 glycans 68:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 1 51 theme Sporothrix 123:132 arg1 schenckii 134:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 1 51 theme Sporothrix 123:132 arg1 pathogen 166:173 a neglected fungal pathogen 147:173 a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals 147:211 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 2 52 from α1,6-mannosyltransferase 257:280 arg1 systems 232:238 several fungal systems 217:238 several fungal systems 217:238 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 9 53 theme cytokine 1327:1334 arg1 levels 1336:1341 the cytokine levels 1323:1341 the cytokine levels in infected organs 1323:1360 Nonetheless, the cytokine levels in infected organs did not vary significantly when compared with the wild-type strain. 30643435 4 54 theme strains 699:705 arg1 phenotype 675:683 the phenotype 671:683 the phenotype of the mutant strains 671:705 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 30643435 4 55 dep METHODS 609:615 arg1 silenced 626:633 silenced 626:633 silenced S. schenckii OCH1 626:651 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 30643435 4 55 dep METHODS 609:615 arg1 characterized 657:669 characterized 657:669 characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains 657:705 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 30643435 2 56 theme fungal 225:230 arg1 systems 232:238 several fungal systems 217:238 several fungal systems 217:238 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 6 57 theme higher 1063:1068 arg1 levels 1070:1075 higher levels 1063:1075 higher levels of IL-10 1063:1084 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 2 58 with α1,6-mannosyltransferase 257:280 arg1 function 293:300 a key function 287:300 a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay 287:400 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 2 58 with α1,6-mannosyltransferase 257:280 arg1 elements 360:367 important elements 350:367 important elements 350:367 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 7 59 with interaction 1091:1101 arg1 macrophages 1114:1124 human macrophages 1108:1124 human macrophages 1108:1124 The interaction with human macrophages was also altered, with reduced numbers of silenced cells phagocytosed. 30643435 10 60 dep CONCLUSION 1430:1439 arg1 demonstrate 1450:1460 demonstrate 1450:1460 demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction 1450:1543 CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that OCH1 silencing affects different aspects of the S. schenckii-host interaction. 30643435 3 61 theme Candida 503:509 arg1 albicans 511:518 Candida albicans 503:518 Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host 503:606 The role of OCH1 in fungal virulence seems to be species-specific, being an essential component for Candida albicans virulence and dispensable during the interaction of Aspergillus fumigatus with the host. 30643435 8 62 theme mouse 1279:1283 arg1 model 1285:1289 the mouse model 1275:1289 the mouse model of sporotrichosis 1275:1307 These strains showed virulence attenuation in both Galleria mellonella and in the mouse model of sporotrichosis. 30643435 0 63 theme N-linked 59:66 arg1 glycans 68:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 8 64 theme virulence 1218:1226 arg1 attenuation 1228:1238 virulence attenuation 1218:1238 virulence attenuation 1218:1238 These strains showed virulence attenuation in both Galleria mellonella and in the mouse model of sporotrichosis. 30643435 2 65 theme important 350:358 arg1 function 293:300 a key function 287:300 a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay 287:400 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 2 65 theme important 350:358 arg1 elements 360:367 important elements 350:367 important elements 350:367 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 5 66 from exposure 894:901 arg1 surface 930:936 the surface 926:936 the surface 926:936 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 9 67 theme infected 1346:1353 arg1 organs 1355:1360 infected organs 1346:1360 infected organs 1346:1360 Nonetheless, the cytokine levels in infected organs did not vary significantly when compared with the wild-type strain. 30643435 0 68 theme schenckii 49:57 arg1 glycans 68:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans 38:74 Silencing of OCH1 unveils the role of Sporothrix schenckii N-linked glycans during the host-fungus interaction. 30643435 6 69 theme IL-10 1080:1084 arg1 levels 1070:1075 higher levels 1063:1075 higher levels of IL-10 1063:1084 When interacting with human monocytes, the silenced strains had a reduced ability to stimulate TNFα and IL-6 but stimulated higher levels of IL-10. 30643435 5 70 theme growth 794:799 arg1 rate 801:804 the growth rate 790:804 the growth rate 790:804 RESULTS The mutant strains did not show defects in the cell or colony morphology, the growth rate or the ability to undergo dimorphism; but the cell wall changed in both composition and exposure of inner components at the surface. 30643435 1 71 theme neglected 149:157 arg1 schenckii 134:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii 112:142 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 1 71 theme neglected 149:157 arg1 pathogen 166:173 a neglected fungal pathogen 147:173 a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals 147:211 BACKGROUND Sporothrix schenckii is a neglected fungal pathogen for the human being and other mammals. 30643435 2 72 from function 293:300 arg1 synthesis 309:317 the synthesis 305:317 the synthesis of N-linked glycans 305:337 In several fungal systems, Och1 is a Golgi α1,6-mannosyltransferase with a key function in the synthesis of N-linked glycans; which are important elements during the host-fungus interplay. 30643435 4 73 theme mutant 692:697 arg1 strains 699:705 the mutant strains 688:705 the mutant strains 688:705 METHODS Here, we silenced S. schenckii OCH1 and characterized the phenotype of the mutant strains. 31252111 0 0 theme Synergistic 89:99 arg1 effect 101:106 Synergistic effect 89:106 Synergistic effect 89:106 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 5 1 dep RGO 1176:1178 arg1 mixture 1198:1204 physical mixture 1189:1204 physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin 1189:1228 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 2 2 with affinity 473:480 arg1 concentrations 516:529 low concentrations 512:529 low concentrations 512:529 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 4 3 theme @ 733:733 arg1 RGO 734:736 CD@RGO 731:736 CD@RGO 731:736 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 5 4 contain had 1018:1020 arg2 efficiency 1040:1049 a high adsorption efficiency 1022:1049 a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1022:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 4 contain had 1018:1020 arg1 RGO 1014:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 1 5 theme low-concentration 263:279 arg1 mercury 281:287 low-concentration mercury 263:287 low-concentration mercury 263:287 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 5 6 theme superb 1067:1072 arg1 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 6 theme superb 1067:1072 arg1 affinity 1085:1092 a superb adsorption affinity 1065:1092 a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1065:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 1 7 theme aqueous 173:179 arg1 media 181:185 aqueous media 173:185 aqueous media 173:185 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 2 8 theme low 512:514 arg1 concentrations 516:529 low concentrations 512:529 low concentrations 512:529 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 0 9 from Adsorption 0:9 arg1 water 43:47 water 43:47 water 43:47 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 2 10 with capacity 486:493 arg1 concentrations 516:529 low concentrations 512:529 low concentrations 512:529 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 3 11 theme nanocomposite 556:568 arg1 Characterization 532:547 Characterization 532:547 Characterization of the nanocomposite 532:568 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 6 12 theme CD 1505:1506 arg1 RGO 1508:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 5 13 theme @ 1283:1283 arg1 RGO 1284:1286 CD@RGO 1281:1286 CD@RGO 1281:1286 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 2 14 dep affinity 473:480 arg1 the 458:460 the 458:460 the 458:460 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 4 15 theme different 798:806 arg1 ranges 822:827 different concentration ranges 798:827 different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 798:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 5 16 theme RGO 1284:1286 arg1 effect 1271:1276 a synergistic effect 1257:1276 a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption 1257:1309 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 17 theme physical 1189:1196 arg1 mixture 1198:1204 physical mixture 1189:1204 physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin 1189:1228 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 6 18 theme electrostatic 1428:1440 arg1 interaction 1442:1452 electrostatic interaction 1428:1452 electrostatic interaction 1428:1452 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 2 19 theme graphene 426:433 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 19 theme graphene 426:433 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 19 theme graphene 426:433 arg1 nanocomposite 372:384 a nanocomposite 370:384 a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations 370:529 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 0 20 theme enhancement 112:122 arg1 mechanism 124:132 enhancement mechanism 112:132 enhancement mechanism 112:132 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 0 21 from water 43:47 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 0:133 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 5 22 theme CD 1011:1012 arg1 RGO 1014:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 23 theme mercury 1292:1298 arg1 adsorption 1300:1309 mercury adsorption 1292:1309 mercury adsorption 1292:1309 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 2 24 theme three-dimensional 408:424 arg1 RGO 442:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 24 theme three-dimensional 408:424 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 6 25 theme outer-sphere 1406:1417 arg1 force 1419:1423 the outer-sphere force 1402:1423 the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1402:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 5 26 with % 1058:1058 arg1 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 26 with % 1058:1058 arg1 affinity 1085:1092 a superb adsorption affinity 1065:1092 a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1065:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 4 27 theme 0.2-4.0 mg/L 832:843 arg1 ranges 822:827 different concentration ranges 798:827 different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 798:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 28 theme former 900:905 arg1 KL = 10.05 L/mg 914:928 KL = 10.05 L/mg 914:928 KL = 10.05 L/mg 914:928 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 28 theme former 900:905 arg1 range 907:911 the former range 896:911 the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) 896:929 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 1 29 theme severe 197:202 arg1 challenge 204:212 a severe challenge 195:212 a severe challenge 195:212 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 0 30 theme mercury 32:38 arg1 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption 0:9 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 0:133 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 5 31 dep 6.70 1135:1138 arg1 higher 1156:1161 higher 1156:1161 higher 1156:1161 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 1 32 with adsorbents 305:314 arg1 affinity 334:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 5 33 theme high 1024:1027 arg1 efficiency 1040:1049 a high adsorption efficiency 1022:1049 a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1022:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 2 34 theme @ 441:441 arg1 RGO 442:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 34 theme @ 441:441 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 0 35 theme low-concentration 14:30 arg1 mercury 32:38 low-concentration mercury 14:38 low-concentration mercury in water 14:47 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 3 36 theme exposed 671:677 arg1 groups 688:693 highly exposed hydroxyl groups 664:693 highly exposed hydroxyl groups 664:693 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 4 37 theme CD 731:732 arg1 RGO 734:736 CD@RGO 731:736 CD@RGO 731:736 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 2 38 theme adsorption 462:471 arg1 affinity 473:480 adsorption affinity 462:480 adsorption affinity 462:480 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 39 theme CD 439:440 arg1 RGO 442:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 39 theme CD 439:440 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 6 40 theme adsorption 1376:1385 arg1 mechanism 1387:1395 the adsorption mechanism 1372:1395 the adsorption mechanism 1372:1395 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 1 41 theme high 321:324 arg1 affinity 334:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 4 42 theme latter 970:975 arg1 KL = 6.69 L/mg 984:997 KL = 6.69 L/mg 984:997 KL = 6.69 L/mg 984:997 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 42 theme latter 970:975 arg1 range 977:981 the latter range 966:981 the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg) 966:998 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 3 43 theme hydroxyl 679:686 arg1 groups 688:693 highly exposed hydroxyl groups 664:693 highly exposed hydroxyl groups 664:693 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 4 44 theme 4.0-10.0 mg/L 849:861 arg1 ranges 822:827 different concentration ranges 798:827 different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 798:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 2 45 theme β-cyclodextrin 389:402 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 β-cyclodextrin 389:402 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 45 theme β-cyclodextrin 389:402 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 45 theme β-cyclodextrin 389:402 arg1 nanocomposite 372:384 a nanocomposite 370:384 a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations 370:529 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 46 theme 3D 436:437 arg1 RGO 442:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 3D CD@RGO 436:444 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 2 46 theme 3D 436:437 arg1 graphene 426:433 three-dimensional graphene 408:433 three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) 408:445 In this work, we reported a nanocomposite of β-cyclodextrin and three-dimensional graphene (3D CD@RGO) to enhance the adsorption affinity and capacity for mercury with low concentrations. 31252111 1 47 theme mercury 326:332 arg1 affinity 334:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 high mercury affinity 321:341 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 5 48 theme CD 1281:1282 arg1 RGO 1284:1286 CD@RGO 1281:1286 CD@RGO 1281:1286 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 3 49 theme 3D 623:624 arg1 structure 643:651 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 1 50 theme environmental 226:238 arg1 safety 240:245 environmental safety 226:245 environmental safety 226:245 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 0 51 theme 3D 52:53 arg1 composites 77:86 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites 52:86 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites 52:86 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 6 52 from complexation 1489:1500 arg1 RGO 1508:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 6 53 theme inner-sphere 1468:1479 arg1 complexation 1489:1500 the inner-sphere surface complexation 1464:1500 the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1464:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 6 54 theme mechanism 1387:1395 arg1 transformation 1354:1367 the transformation 1350:1367 the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1350:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 4 55 theme adsorption 872:881 arg1 times 939:943 1.5 times 935:943 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg) 935:998 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 55 theme adsorption 872:881 arg1 affinity 883:890 the adsorption affinity 868:890 the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) 868:929 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 6 56 theme @ 1507:1507 arg1 RGO 1508:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 CD@RGO 1505:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 4 57 theme Adsorption 696:705 arg1 experiments 707:717 Adsorption experiments 696:717 Adsorption experiments 696:717 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 3 58 theme support 635:641 arg1 structure 643:651 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 5 59 theme % 1058:1058 arg1 efficiency 1040:1049 a high adsorption efficiency 1022:1049 a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1022:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 60 theme @ 1013:1013 arg1 RGO 1014:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 CD@RGO 1011:1016 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 61 theme adsorption 1029:1038 arg1 efficiency 1040:1049 a high adsorption efficiency 1022:1049 a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1022:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 1 62 theme efficient 139:147 arg1 removal 149:155 The efficient removal 135:155 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media 135:185 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 4 63 theme higher 945:950 arg1 times 939:943 1.5 times 935:943 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg) 935:998 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 63 theme higher 945:950 arg1 affinity 883:890 the adsorption affinity 868:890 the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) 868:929 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 6 64 theme surface 1481:1487 arg1 complexation 1489:1500 the inner-sphere surface complexation 1464:1500 the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1464:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 4 65 theme concentration 808:820 arg1 ranges 822:827 different concentration ranges 798:827 different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 798:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 5 66 theme adsorption 1074:1083 arg1 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 172.09 L/g 1095:1104 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 66 theme adsorption 1074:1083 arg1 affinity 1085:1092 a superb adsorption affinity 1065:1092 a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) 1065:1105 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 4 67 theme different 748:756 arg1 behaviors 769:777 different adsorption behaviors 748:777 different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 748:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 4 68 theme adsorption 758:767 arg1 behaviors 769:777 different adsorption behaviors 748:777 different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L 748:861 Adsorption experiments showed that CD@RGO exhibited different adsorption behaviors for mercury within different concentration ranges of 0.2-4.0 mg/L and 4.0-10.0 mg/L, and the adsorption affinity for the former range (KL = 10.05 L/mg) was 1.5 times higher than that for the latter range (KL = 6.69 L/mg). 31252111 6 69 from force 1419:1423 arg1 RGO 1457:1459 RGO 1457:1459 RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1457:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 6 69 from force 1419:1423 arg1 transformation 1354:1367 the transformation 1350:1367 the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1350:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 3 70 theme graphene 626:633 arg1 structure 643:651 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups 619:693 Characterization of the nanocomposite revealed that cyclodextrin was well dispersed on the 3D graphene support structure to provide highly exposed hydroxyl groups. 31252111 6 71 theme interaction 1442:1452 arg1 force 1419:1423 the outer-sphere force 1402:1423 the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO 1402:1510 This enhancement can be attributed to the transformation of the adsorption mechanism from the outer-sphere force of electrostatic interaction in RGO to the inner-sphere surface complexation in CD@RGO. 31252111 5 72 theme synergistic 1259:1269 arg1 effect 1271:1276 a synergistic effect 1257:1276 a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption 1257:1309 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 5 73 theme RGO 1209:1211 arg1 mixture 1198:1204 physical mixture 1189:1204 physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin 1189:1228 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 31252111 0 74 theme cyclodextrin/graphene 55:75 arg1 composites 77:86 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites 52:86 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites 52:86 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 0 75 from mercury 32:38 arg1 water 43:47 water 43:47 water 43:47 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 0 76 dep Adsorption 0:9 arg1 effect 101:106 Synergistic effect 89:106 Synergistic effect 89:106 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 0 76 dep Adsorption 0:9 arg1 mechanism 124:132 enhancement mechanism 112:132 enhancement mechanism 112:132 Adsorption of low-concentration mercury in water by 3D cyclodextrin/graphene composites: Synergistic effect and enhancement mechanism. 31252111 1 77 from media 181:185 arg1 removal 149:155 The efficient removal 135:155 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media 135:185 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 1 78 theme mercury 160:166 arg1 removal 149:155 The efficient removal 135:155 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media 135:185 The efficient removal of mercury from aqueous media remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety, especially for low-concentration mercury, which requires adsorbents with high mercury affinity. 31252111 5 79 theme cyclodextrin 1217:1228 arg1 mixture 1198:1204 physical mixture 1189:1204 physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin 1189:1228 Moreover, CD@RGO had a high adsorption efficiency of 96.6% with a superb adsorption affinity (172.09 L/g) at Ce = 0.01 mg/L, which is 6.70 and 41.25 times higher than that of RGO and RCD (physical mixture of RGO and cyclodextrin), respectively, indicating a synergistic effect of CD@RGO for mercury adsorption. 30926486 0 0 theme quaternary 94:103 arg1 salts 114:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 2 1 from effect 433:438 arg1 cells 453:457 red blood cells 443:457 red blood cells 443:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 0 2 with hemocompatibility 29:45 arg1 salts 114:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 5 3 dep rate 954:957 arg1 The 936:938 The 936:938 The 936:938 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 3 4 theme methoxysilane 721:733 arg1 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 4 theme methoxysilane 721:733 arg1 prepolymer 759:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer 719:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU) 719:777 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 0 5 theme embedded 85:92 arg1 salts 114:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 1 6 theme antimicrobial 338:350 arg1 agent 352:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 6 theme antimicrobial 338:350 arg1 effects 238:244 the hostile effects 226:244 the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 226:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 4 7 theme final 847:851 arg1 dressings 853:861 The final dressings 843:861 The final dressings 843:861 The final dressings were then subjected to various biological and physico-mechanical assays. 30926486 1 8 theme coagulation 175:185 arg1 hemeostasis 187:197 coagulation hemeostasis 175:197 coagulation hemeostasis 175:197 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 5 9 from formation 978:986 arg1 dressings 1008:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 2 10 theme antiseptic 512:521 arg1 agent 523:527 an active antiseptic agent 502:527 an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings 502:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 10 theme antiseptic 512:521 arg1 them 494:497 them 494:497 them 494:497 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 8 11 theme QAS 1508:1510 arg1 hemocompatibility 1487:1503 hemocompatibility 1487:1503 hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties 1487:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 4 12 theme various 886:892 arg1 assays 928:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 The final dressings were then subjected to various biological and physico-mechanical assays. 30926486 6 13 theme % 1230:1230 arg1 efficiency 1240:1249 100% killing efficiency 1227:1249 100% killing efficiency 1227:1249 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 8 14 theme dextran 1461:1467 arg1 effectiveness 1427:1439 the effectiveness 1423:1439 the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties 1423:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 0 15 theme ammonium 105:112 arg1 salts 114:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 embedded quaternary ammonium salts 85:118 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 3 16 theme compound 698:705 arg1 reaction 635:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 16 theme compound 698:705 arg1 hydrolysis 603:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 6 17 theme Gram-positive 1160:1172 arg1 bacteria 1192:1199 both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1155:1199 both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1155:1199 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 3 18 theme terminated 735:744 arg1 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 18 theme terminated 735:744 arg1 prepolymer 759:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer 719:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU) 719:777 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 1 19 with polysaccharide 132:145 arg1 effects 164:170 interfering effects 152:170 interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis 152:197 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 20 from effects 164:170 arg1 hemeostasis 187:197 coagulation hemeostasis 175:197 coagulation hemeostasis 175:197 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 5 21 theme dextran-modified 991:1006 arg1 dressings 1008:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 8 22 dep anchored 1452:1459 arg1 surface 1444:1450 surface 1444:1450 surface 1444:1450 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 2 23 theme QAS 404:406 arg1 efficiency 390:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency 367:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS 367:406 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 24 from agent 523:527 arg1 dressings 538:546 wound dressings 532:546 wound dressings 532:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 8 25 theme basic 1570:1574 arg1 properties 1600:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 2 26 theme high 371:374 arg1 efficiency 390:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency 367:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS 367:406 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 27 theme blood 447:451 arg1 cells 453:457 red blood cells 443:457 red blood cells 443:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 6 28 theme 100 1227:1229 arg1 % 1230:1230 % 1230:1230 % 1230:1230 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 6 29 theme antimicrobial 1124:1136 arg1 activity 1138:1145 their excellent antimicrobial activity 1108:1145 their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency 1108:1249 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 2 30 theme red 443:445 arg1 cells 453:457 red blood cells 443:457 red blood cells 443:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 3 31 dep modified 820:827 arg1 surface 812:818 surface 812:818 surface 812:818 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 32 theme different 783:791 arg1 compositions 793:804 different compositions 783:804 different compositions 783:804 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 2 33 theme antimicrobial 376:388 arg1 efficiency 390:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency 367:399 the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS 367:406 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 8 34 theme physical 1576:1583 arg1 properties 1600:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 3 35 mod modified 820:827 arg1 dressings 568:576 wound dressings 562:576 wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU) 562:777 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 35 mod modified 820:827 arg3 dextran 834:840 dextran 834:840 dextran 834:840 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 6 36 dep efficiency 1240:1249 arg1 up 1221:1222 up 1221:1222 up 1221:1222 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 8 37 theme hemocompatibility 1487:1503 arg1 regulation 1473:1482 regulation 1473:1482 regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties 1473:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 5 38 theme prolonged 963:971 arg1 formation 978:986 prolonged clot formation 963:986 prolonged clot formation 963:986 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 2 39 theme hemolytic 423:431 arg1 effect 433:438 their adverse hemolytic effect 409:438 their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells 409:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 39 theme hemolytic 423:431 arg1 problem 476:482 a challenging problem 462:482 a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings 462:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 8 40 contain containing 1512:1521 arg2 dressings 1529:1537 wound dressings 1523:1537 wound dressings 1523:1537 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 8 40 contain containing 1512:1521 arg1 QAS 1508:1510 QAS 1508:1510 QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties 1508:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 3 41 theme polyurethane 746:757 arg1 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 Si-PPU 771:776 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 41 theme polyurethane 746:757 arg1 prepolymer 759:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer 719:768 a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU) 719:777 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 2 42 theme wound 532:536 arg1 dressings 538:546 wound dressings 532:546 wound dressings 532:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 5 43 theme clot 973:976 arg1 formation 978:986 prolonged clot formation 963:986 prolonged clot formation 963:986 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 8 44 theme anchored 1452:1459 arg1 dextran 1461:1467 surface anchored dextran 1444:1467 surface anchored dextran 1444:1467 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 2 45 theme adverse 415:421 arg1 effect 433:438 their adverse hemolytic effect 409:438 their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells 409:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 45 theme adverse 415:421 arg1 problem 476:482 a challenging problem 462:482 a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings 462:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 46 theme challenging 464:474 arg1 problem 476:482 a challenging problem 462:482 a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings 462:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 46 theme challenging 464:474 arg1 effect 433:438 their adverse hemolytic effect 409:438 their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells 409:457 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 3 47 theme prepolymer 759:768 arg1 reaction 635:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 47 theme prepolymer 759:768 arg1 hydrolysis 603:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 7 48 theme fibroblast 1318:1327 arg1 cells 1329:1333 the fibroblast cells 1314:1333 the fibroblast cells 1314:1333 In addition, they exhibited very good cytocompatibility since the fibroblast cells could grow and proliferate efficiently on their surface. 30926486 6 49 theme excellent 1114:1122 arg1 activity 1138:1145 their excellent antimicrobial activity 1108:1145 their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency 1108:1249 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 1 50 theme hostile 230:236 arg1 agent 352:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 50 theme hostile 230:236 arg1 effects 238:244 the hostile effects 226:244 the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 226:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 8 51 theme recorded 1396:1403 arg1 results 1405:1411 The recorded results 1392:1411 The recorded results 1392:1411 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 3 52 dep hydrolysis 603:612 arg1 the 591:593 the 591:593 the 591:593 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 0 53 theme wound 64:68 arg1 dressings 70:78 antimicrobial wound dressings 50:78 antimicrobial wound dressings 50:78 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 1 54 theme wound 308:312 arg1 membrane 323:330 a wound dressing membrane 306:330 a wound dressing membrane 306:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 6 55 theme optimized 1078:1086 arg1 Meanwhile 1063:1071 Meanwhile 1063:1071 Meanwhile 1063:1071 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 6 55 theme optimized 1078:1086 arg1 dressings 1088:1096 the optimized dressings 1074:1096 the optimized dressings 1074:1096 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 3 56 theme polycondensation 618:633 arg1 reaction 635:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 polycondensation reaction 618:642 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 2 57 theme active 505:510 arg1 agent 523:527 an active antiseptic agent 502:527 an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings 502:546 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 2 57 theme active 505:510 arg1 them 494:497 them 494:497 them 494:497 Despite the high antimicrobial efficiency of QAS, their adverse hemolytic effect on red blood cells is a challenging problem for using them as an active antiseptic agent in wound dressings. 30926486 6 58 theme Gram-negative 1178:1190 arg1 bacteria 1192:1199 both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1155:1199 both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 1155:1199 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 6 59 theme fungal 1207:1212 arg1 strain 1214:1219 a fungal strain 1205:1219 a fungal strain 1205:1219 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 0 60 theme antimicrobial 50:62 arg1 dressings 70:78 antimicrobial wound dressings 50:78 antimicrobial wound dressings 50:78 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 1 61 theme dressing 314:321 arg1 membrane 323:330 a wound dressing membrane 306:330 a wound dressing membrane 306:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 4 62 theme biological 894:903 arg1 assays 928:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 The final dressings were then subjected to various biological and physico-mechanical assays. 30926486 3 63 theme quaternary 678:687 arg1 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 63 theme quaternary 678:687 arg1 compound 698:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound 647:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) 647:713 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 64 theme wound 562:566 arg1 dressings 568:576 wound dressings 562:576 wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU) 562:777 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 1 65 theme membrane 323:330 arg1 backbone 294:301 the backbone 290:301 the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 290:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 3 66 theme ammonium 689:696 arg1 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 66 theme ammonium 689:696 arg1 compound 698:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound 647:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) 647:713 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 67 theme sol-gel 595:601 arg1 hydrolysis 603:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 sol-gel hydrolysis 595:612 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 5 68 theme low 940:942 arg1 rate 954:957 low hemolysis rate 940:957 low hemolysis rate 940:957 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 4 69 theme physico-mechanical 909:926 arg1 assays 928:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 various biological and physico-mechanical assays 886:933 The final dressings were then subjected to various biological and physico-mechanical assays. 30926486 8 70 theme biological 1589:1598 arg1 properties 1600:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 their basic physical and biological properties 1564:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 1 71 used utilized 203:210 arg2 Dextran 121:127 Dextran 121:127 Dextran 121:127 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 71 used utilized 203:210 arg2 polysaccharide 132:145 a polysaccharide 130:145 a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis 130:197 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 8 72 theme properties 1600:1609 arg1 deterioration 1547:1559 deterioration 1547:1559 deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties 1547:1609 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 5 73 theme hemolysis 944:952 arg1 rate 954:957 low hemolysis rate 940:957 low hemolysis rate 940:957 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 5 74 from rate 954:957 arg1 dressings 1008:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 dextran-modified dressings 991:1016 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 1 75 theme quaternary 249:258 arg1 QAS 276:278 QAS 276:278 QAS 276:278 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 75 theme quaternary 249:258 arg1 salts 269:273 quaternary ammonium salts 249:273 quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 249:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 7 76 theme good 1285:1288 arg1 cytocompatibility 1290:1306 very good cytocompatibility 1280:1306 very good cytocompatibility 1280:1306 In addition, they exhibited very good cytocompatibility since the fibroblast cells could grow and proliferate efficiently on their surface. 30926486 3 77 theme methoxysilane-functionalized 649:676 arg1 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 Si-RQ 708:712 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 3 77 theme methoxysilane-functionalized 649:676 arg1 compound 698:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound 647:705 a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) 647:713 To this end, wound dressings made through the sol-gel hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of a methoxysilane-functionalized quaternary ammonium compound (Si-RQ) and a methoxysilane terminated polyurethane prepolymer (Si-PPU), at different compositions, were surface modified with dextran. 30926486 5 78 theme excellent 1034:1042 arg1 hemocompatibility 1044:1060 their excellent hemocompatibility 1028:1060 their excellent hemocompatibility 1028:1060 The low hemolysis rate and prolonged clot formation on dextran-modified dressings confirmed their excellent hemocompatibility. 30926486 1 79 theme interfering 152:162 arg1 effects 164:170 interfering effects 152:170 interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis 152:197 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 6 80 theme killing 1232:1238 arg1 efficiency 1240:1249 100% killing efficiency 1227:1249 100% killing efficiency 1227:1249 Meanwhile, the optimized dressings preserved their excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungal strain up to 100% killing efficiency. 30926486 1 81 theme ammonium 260:267 arg1 QAS 276:278 QAS 276:278 QAS 276:278 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 81 theme ammonium 260:267 arg1 salts 269:273 quaternary ammonium salts 249:273 quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 249:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 0 82 theme dressings 70:78 arg1 hemocompatibility 29:45 hemocompatibility 29:45 hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts 29:118 Utilizing dextran to improve hemocompatibility of antimicrobial wound dressings with embedded quaternary ammonium salts. 30926486 8 83 theme wound 1523:1527 arg1 dressings 1529:1537 wound dressings 1523:1537 wound dressings 1523:1537 The recorded results confirmed the effectiveness of surface anchored dextran for regulation of hemocompatibility of QAS containing wound dressings without deterioration of their basic physical and biological properties. 30926486 1 84 theme salts 269:273 arg1 agent 352:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 an antimicrobial agent 335:356 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30926486 1 84 theme salts 269:273 arg1 effects 238:244 the hostile effects 226:244 the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane 226:330 Dextran, a polysaccharide with interfering effects on coagulation hemeostasis was utilized to compensate the hostile effects of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) embed in the backbone of a wound dressing membrane as an antimicrobial agent. 30423494 0 0 theme sugars 96:101 arg1 fermentation 70:81 fermentation 70:81 fermentation 70:81 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 0 0 theme sugars 96:101 arg1 saccharification 49:64 efficient saccharification 39:64 efficient saccharification 39:64 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 0 0 theme sugars 96:101 arg1 molasses 132:139 molasses 132:139 molasses into ethanol 132:152 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 1 1 theme preparation 363:373 arg1 efficiency 326:335 the hydrolytic efficiency 311:335 the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 311:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 2 theme substrate 947:955 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 2 theme substrate 947:955 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 5 3 theme sugars 1033:1038 arg1 co-utilization 1005:1018 co-utilization 1005:1018 co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology 1005:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 0 4 theme composite 86:94 arg1 sugars 96:101 composite sugars 86:101 composite sugars derived from hydrolysate 86:126 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 4 5 theme higher 940:945 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 5 theme higher 940:945 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 6 theme hydrolysates 557:568 arg1 analysis 541:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis 518:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates 518:568 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 1 7 theme Achaetomium 269:279 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 7 theme Achaetomium 269:279 arg1 10DR 292:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 8 theme Cellic 376:381 arg1 preparation 363:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation 340:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 340:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 8 theme Cellic 376:381 arg1 CTec2 383:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 9 theme residues 906:913 arg1 saccharification 813:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 9 theme residues 906:913 arg1 fermentation 845:856 subsequent fermentation 834:856 subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 834:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 10 theme auxiliary 592:600 arg1 enzymes 612:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes 592:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 592:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 5 11 theme BOLT-ON 1193:1199 arg1 technology 1201:1210 BOLT-ON technology 1193:1210 BOLT-ON technology 1193:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 4 12 theme loading 957:963 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 12 theme loading 957:963 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 13 from fermentation 845:856 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 13 from fermentation 845:856 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 14 theme oxidative 602:610 arg1 enzymes 612:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes 592:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 592:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 3 15 from secretomes 660:669 arg1 present 620:626 present 620:626 present 620:626 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 4 16 theme positive 761:768 arg1 effect 770:775 positive effect 761:775 positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 761:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 17 theme sugarcane 919:927 arg1 bagasse 929:935 sugarcane bagasse 919:935 sugarcane bagasse 919:935 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 2 18 theme agro-residues 448:460 arg1 saccharification 418:433 enhanced saccharification 409:433 enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic 409:479 Further we report enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic when compared to aerobic conditions. 30423494 3 19 attach present 620:626 arg2 enzymes 612:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes 592:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 592:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 3 19 attach present 620:626 arg1 secretomes 660:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 2 20 theme enhanced 409:416 arg1 saccharification 418:433 enhanced saccharification 409:433 enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic 409:479 Further we report enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic when compared to aerobic conditions. 30423494 0 21 theme novel 11:15 arg1 secretomes 24:33 novel fungal secretomes 11:33 novel fungal secretomes 11:33 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 4 22 from saccharification 813:828 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 22 from saccharification 813:828 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 23 theme enhanced 804:811 arg1 saccharification 813:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 1 24 theme secretome 191:199 arg1 ability 180:186 the ability 176:186 the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 176:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 25 theme bagasse 929:935 arg1 saccharification 813:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 25 theme bagasse 929:935 arg1 fermentation 845:856 subsequent fermentation 834:856 subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 834:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 26 theme cellulolytic 707:718 arg1 cocktails 720:728 the cellulolytic cocktails 703:728 the cellulolytic cocktails 703:728 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 5 27 theme enzymatic 1066:1074 arg1 hydrolysate 1076:1086 enzymatic hydrolysate 1066:1086 enzymatic hydrolysate 1066:1086 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 3 28 theme enzymes 612:618 arg1 role 584:587 the role 580:587 the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails 580:728 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 5 29 theme composite 1023:1031 arg1 sugars 1033:1038 composite sugars 1023:1038 composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology 1023:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 0 30 theme fungal 17:22 arg1 secretomes 24:33 novel fungal secretomes 11:33 novel fungal secretomes 11:33 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 5 31 theme ethanol 1159:1165 arg1 applicable 1167:1176 ethanol applicable 1159:1176 ethanol applicable 1159:1176 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 3 32 theme present 620:626 arg1 enzymes 612:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes 592:618 auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 592:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 5 33 theme agnostic 1102:1109 arg1 lignocellulosics 1111:1126 agnostic lignocellulosics 1102:1126 agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology 1102:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 1 34 theme thermotolerant 210:223 arg1 9DR 261:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 34 theme thermotolerant 210:223 arg1 10DR 292:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 34 theme thermotolerant 210:223 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 0 35 theme efficient 39:47 arg1 saccharification 49:64 efficient saccharification 39:64 efficient saccharification 39:64 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 5 36 attach derived 1040:1046 arg2 sugars 1033:1038 composite sugars 1023:1038 composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology 1023:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 5 36 attach derived 1040:1046 arg1 hydrolysate 1076:1086 enzymatic hydrolysate 1066:1086 enzymatic hydrolysate 1066:1086 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 5 36 attach derived 1040:1046 arg1 molasses 1053:1060 molasses 1053:1060 molasses 1053:1060 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 2 37 theme different 438:446 arg1 agro-residues 448:460 different agro-residues 438:460 different agro-residues 438:460 Further we report enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic when compared to aerobic conditions. 30423494 1 38 theme fungal 225:230 arg1 9DR 261:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 38 theme fungal 225:230 arg1 10DR 292:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 38 theme fungal 225:230 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 39 theme hydrolytic 315:324 arg1 efficiency 326:335 the hydrolytic efficiency 311:335 the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 311:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 40 theme subsequent 834:843 arg1 fermentation 845:856 subsequent fermentation 834:856 subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 834:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 41 theme strumarium 649:658 arg1 secretomes 660:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 1 42 dep Aspergillus 241:251 arg1 terreus 253:259 terreus 253:259 terreus 253:259 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 3 43 theme terreus 634:640 arg1 secretomes 660:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 1 44 from strains 232:238 arg1 secretome 191:199 secretome 191:199 secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 191:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 44 from strains 232:238 arg1 ability 180:186 the ability 176:186 the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 176:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 2 45 theme aerobic 498:504 arg1 conditions 506:515 aerobic conditions 498:515 aerobic conditions 498:515 Further we report enhanced saccharification of different agro-residues under semi-aerobic when compared to aerobic conditions. 30423494 4 46 from rates 965:969 arg1 saccharification 813:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 46 from rates 965:969 arg1 fermentation 845:856 subsequent fermentation 834:856 subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 834:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 46 from rates 965:969 arg1 bagasse 929:935 sugarcane bagasse 919:935 sugarcane bagasse 919:935 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 46 from rates 965:969 arg1 straw 894:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 46 from rates 965:969 arg1 residues 906:913 corn residues 901:913 corn residues 901:913 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 47 theme corn 901:904 arg1 residues 906:913 corn residues 901:913 corn residues 901:913 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 1 48 theme benchmark 340:348 arg1 preparation 363:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation 340:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 340:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 48 theme benchmark 340:348 arg1 CTec2 383:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 5 49 theme efficient 1132:1140 arg1 bioconversion 1142:1154 efficient bioconversion 1132:1154 efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology 1132:1210 The paper also reports co-utilization of composite sugars derived from molasses and enzymatic hydrolysate obtained from agnostic lignocellulosics for efficient bioconversion to ethanol applicable for developing BOLT-ON technology. 30423494 4 50 theme acid 872:875 arg1 straw 894:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 51 theme straw 894:898 arg1 saccharification 813:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 enhanced saccharification 804:828 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 51 theme straw 894:898 arg1 fermentation 845:856 subsequent fermentation 834:856 subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 834:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 52 theme mass 522:525 arg1 analysis 541:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis 518:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates 518:568 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 3 53 from present 620:626 arg1 secretomes 660:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes 631:669 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 4 54 theme % 974:974 arg1 w/v 976:978 20% w/v 972:978 20% w/v 972:978 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 4 54 theme % 974:974 arg1 rates 965:969 higher substrate loading rates 940:969 higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v) 940:979 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 3 55 theme cocktails 720:728 arg1 capability 689:698 the capability 685:698 the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails 685:728 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 1 56 dep strains 232:238 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 56 dep strains 232:238 arg1 9DR 261:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 56 dep strains 232:238 arg1 10DR 292:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 0 57 attach derived 103:109 arg1 hydrolysate 116:126 hydrolysate 116:126 hydrolysate 116:126 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 0 57 attach derived 103:109 arg2 sugars 96:101 composite sugars 86:101 composite sugars derived from hydrolysate 86:126 Evaluating novel fungal secretomes for efficient saccharification and fermentation of composite sugars derived from hydrolysate and molasses into ethanol. 30423494 3 58 theme spectroscopic 527:539 arg1 analysis 541:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis 518:548 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates 518:568 The mass spectroscopic analysis of the hydrolysates indicates the role of auxiliary oxidative enzymes present in A. terreus and A. strumarium secretomes for enhancing the capability of the cellulolytic cocktails. 30423494 1 59 theme Aspergillus 241:251 arg1 9DR 261:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 59 theme Aspergillus 241:251 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 60 dep Achaetomium 269:279 arg1 strumarium 281:290 strumarium 281:290 strumarium 281:290 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 61 theme rice 889:892 arg1 straw 894:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 1 62 theme cellulolytic 350:361 arg1 preparation 363:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation 340:373 benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2) 340:388 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 62 theme cellulolytic 350:361 arg1 CTec2 383:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 Cellic CTec2 376:387 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 4 63 theme pre-treated 877:887 arg1 straw 894:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 acid pre-treated rice straw 872:898 The paper further demonstrate positive effect of using the cocktails for enhanced saccharification and subsequent fermentation to ethanol of acid pre-treated rice straw, corn residues and sugarcane bagasse at higher substrate loading rates (20% w/v). 30423494 1 64 from ability 180:186 arg1 9DR 261:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 Aspergillus terreus 9DR 241:263 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 64 from ability 180:186 arg1 10DR 292:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 Achaetomium strumarium 10DR 269:295 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30423494 1 64 from ability 180:186 arg1 strains 232:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains 206:238 two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) 206:296 This paper evaluates the ability of secretome from two thermotolerant fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus 9DR and Achaetomium strumarium 10DR) for boosting the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulolytic preparation (Cellic CTec2). 30611089 0 0 theme acid 91:94 arg1 hydrolysates 96:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 7 1 theme butyric 1105:1111 arg1 acids 1113:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 1 2 from potential 173:181 arg1 bagasse 250:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 4 3 theme pH 687:688 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 3 theme pH 687:688 arg1 variables 690:698 COD and pH variables 679:698 COD and pH variables for both substrates 679:718 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 0 4 theme Undetoxified 78:89 arg1 hydrolysates 96:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 5 5 theme more 863:866 arg1 biohydrogen 868:878 33% more biohydrogen 859:878 33% more biohydrogen 859:878 At optimal conditions, the detoxified hydrolysate produced 33% more biohydrogen than the undetoxified one. 30611089 1 6 theme biohydrogen 150:160 arg1 potential 173:181 the biohydrogen production potential 146:181 the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 146:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 7 7 theme acetic 1094:1099 arg1 acids 1113:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 2 8 theme activated 295:303 arg1 carbon 305:310 activated carbon 295:310 activated carbon 295:310 Detoxification was carried out with activated carbon at different concentrations and pH values. 30611089 4 9 theme composite 639:647 arg1 designs 649:655 central composite designs 631:655 central composite designs 631:655 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 7 10 theme undetoxified 1158:1169 arg1 hydrolysate 1171:1181 the undetoxified hydrolysate 1154:1181 the undetoxified hydrolysate 1154:1181 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 0 11 from bagasse 54:60 arg1 production 22:31 biohydrogen production 10:31 biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse 10:60 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 5 12 theme optimal 803:809 arg1 conditions 811:820 optimal conditions 803:820 optimal conditions 803:820 At optimal conditions, the detoxified hydrolysate produced 33% more biohydrogen than the undetoxified one. 30611089 3 13 theme % 476:476 arg1 p/v 478:480 1% p/v 475:480 1% p/v 475:480 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 13 theme % 476:476 arg1 concentration 440:452 the lowest evaluated concentration 419:452 the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) 419:481 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 14 theme acetic 529:534 arg1 acid 536:539 acetic acid 529:539 acetic acid (89%) 529:545 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 14 theme acetic 529:534 arg1 % 544:544 89% 542:544 89% 542:544 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 5 15 theme undetoxified 889:900 arg1 one 902:904 the undetoxified one 885:904 the undetoxified one 885:904 At optimal conditions, the detoxified hydrolysate produced 33% more biohydrogen than the undetoxified one. 30611089 1 16 theme production 162:171 arg1 potential 173:181 the biohydrogen production potential 146:181 the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 146:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 7 17 theme lactic 1126:1131 arg1 acid 1133:1136 lactic acid 1126:1136 lactic acid 1126:1136 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 3 18 theme acid 536:539 arg1 removal 518:524 the highest removal 506:524 the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) 506:545 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 19 theme activated 457:465 arg1 carbon 467:472 activated carbon 457:472 activated carbon 457:472 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 0 20 theme biohydrogen 10:20 arg1 production 22:31 biohydrogen production 10:31 biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse 10:60 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 7 21 theme detoxified 1057:1066 arg1 hydrolysate 1068:1078 the detoxified hydrolysate 1053:1078 the detoxified hydrolysate 1053:1078 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 4 22 theme undetoxified 721:732 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 22 theme undetoxified 721:732 arg1 variables 690:698 COD and pH variables 679:698 COD and pH variables for both substrates 679:718 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 22 theme undetoxified 721:732 arg1 pH 791:792 pH 0.6 791:796 pH 0.6 791:796 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 22 theme undetoxified 721:732 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 7 23 theme metabolic 1025:1033 arg1 byproducts 1035:1044 metabolic byproducts 1025:1044 metabolic byproducts 1025:1044 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 3 24 theme evaluated 430:438 arg1 p/v 478:480 1% p/v 475:480 1% p/v 475:480 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 24 theme evaluated 430:438 arg1 concentration 440:452 the lowest evaluated concentration 419:452 the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) 419:481 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 6 25 theme 1.23 mol 943:950 arg1 H2/molsugar 952:962 1.23 mol H2/molsugar 943:962 1.23 mol H2/molsugar 943:962 Hydrogen molar yields were 1.71 and 1.23 mol H2/molsugar, respectively. 30611089 7 26 located detected 1142:1149 arg2 acid 1133:1136 lactic acid 1126:1136 lactic acid 1126:1136 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 7 26 located detected 1142:1149 arg1 hydrolysate 1171:1181 the undetoxified hydrolysate 1154:1181 the undetoxified hydrolysate 1154:1181 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 3 27 theme minimal 552:558 arg1 losses 560:565 minimal losses 552:565 minimal losses of fermentable sugars 552:587 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 1 28 theme undetoxified 186:197 arg1 hydrolysates 219:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates 186:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 186:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 2 29 theme different 315:323 arg1 concentrations 325:338 different concentrations 315:338 different concentrations 315:338 Detoxification was carried out with activated carbon at different concentrations and pH values. 30611089 3 30 dep evaluated 430:438 arg1 lowest 423:428 lowest 423:428 lowest 423:428 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 4 31 theme carbon 773:778 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 31 theme carbon 773:778 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 3 32 theme highest 510:516 arg1 removal 518:524 the highest removal 506:524 the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) 506:545 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 1 33 theme detoxified 203:212 arg1 hydrolysates 219:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates 186:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 186:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 0 34 theme tequilana 44:52 arg1 bagasse 54:60 Agave tequilana bagasse 38:60 Agave tequilana bagasse 38:60 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 3 35 theme carbon 467:472 arg1 p/v 478:480 1% p/v 475:480 1% p/v 475:480 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 35 theme carbon 467:472 arg1 concentration 440:452 the lowest evaluated concentration 419:452 the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) 419:481 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 36 theme fermentable 570:580 arg1 sugars 582:587 fermentable sugars 570:587 fermentable sugars 570:587 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 1 37 theme acid 214:217 arg1 hydrolysates 219:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates 186:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 186:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 0 38 theme Agave 38:42 arg1 bagasse 54:60 Agave tequilana bagasse 38:60 Agave tequilana bagasse 38:60 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 3 39 theme sugars 582:587 arg1 losses 560:565 minimal losses 552:565 minimal losses of fermentable sugars 552:587 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 4 40 used used 662:665 arg2 designs 649:655 central composite designs 631:655 central composite designs 631:655 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 1 41 theme hydrolysates 219:230 arg1 potential 173:181 the biohydrogen production potential 146:181 the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 146:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 6 42 theme molar 916:920 arg1 yields 922:927 Hydrogen molar yields 907:927 Hydrogen molar yields 907:927 Hydrogen molar yields were 1.71 and 1.23 mol H2/molsugar, respectively. 30611089 6 43 theme Hydrogen 907:914 arg1 yields 922:927 Hydrogen molar yields 907:927 Hydrogen molar yields 907:927 Hydrogen molar yields were 1.71 and 1.23 mol H2/molsugar, respectively. 30611089 1 44 from bagasse 250:256 arg1 potential 173:181 the biohydrogen production potential 146:181 the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 146:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 1 44 from bagasse 250:256 arg1 hydrolysates 219:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates 186:230 undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse 186:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 7 45 theme only 1089:1092 arg1 acids 1113:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 only acetic and butyric acids 1089:1117 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 4 46 dep hydrolysates 749:760 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 46 dep hydrolysates 749:760 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 46 dep hydrolysates 749:760 arg1 pH 791:792 pH 0.6 791:796 pH 0.6 791:796 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 47 theme % 781:781 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 47 theme % 781:781 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 1 48 theme work 126:129 arg1 aim 114:116 The aim 110:116 The aim of this work 110:129 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 4 49 theme detoxified 738:747 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 49 theme detoxified 738:747 arg1 variables 690:698 COD and pH variables 679:698 COD and pH variables for both substrates 679:718 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 49 theme detoxified 738:747 arg1 pH 791:792 pH 0.6 791:796 pH 0.6 791:796 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 49 theme detoxified 738:747 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 50 theme activated 763:771 arg1 p/v 783:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 activated carbon 1% p/v 763:785 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 50 theme activated 763:771 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 51 theme 1 780:780 arg1 % 781:781 % 781:781 % 781:781 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 2 52 theme pH 344:345 arg1 values 347:352 pH values 344:352 pH values 344:352 Detoxification was carried out with activated carbon at different concentrations and pH values. 30611089 1 53 theme A. 237:238 arg1 bagasse 250:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 4 54 theme central 631:637 arg1 designs 649:655 central composite designs 631:655 central composite designs 631:655 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 55 theme fermentation 605:616 arg1 experiments 618:628 dark fermentation experiments 600:628 dark fermentation experiments 600:628 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 56 theme COD 679:681 arg1 hydrolysates 749:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates 721:760 undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6) 721:797 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 4 56 theme COD 679:681 arg1 variables 690:698 COD and pH variables 679:698 COD and pH variables for both substrates 679:718 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 30611089 5 57 theme detoxified 827:836 arg1 hydrolysate 838:848 the detoxified hydrolysate 823:848 the detoxified hydrolysate 823:848 At optimal conditions, the detoxified hydrolysate produced 33% more biohydrogen than the undetoxified one. 30611089 1 58 theme tequilana 240:248 arg1 bagasse 250:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 A. tequilana bagasse 237:256 The aim of this work was to compare the biohydrogen production potential of undetoxified and detoxified acid hydrolysates from A. tequilana bagasse. 30611089 0 59 theme Detoxified 63:72 arg1 hydrolysates 96:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 7 60 from changes 1014:1020 arg1 byproducts 1035:1044 metabolic byproducts 1025:1044 metabolic byproducts 1025:1044 This improvement was correlated to changes in metabolic byproducts, since the detoxified hydrolysate produced only acetic and butyric acids, while lactic acid was detected in the undetoxified hydrolysate. 30611089 0 61 dep Enhancing 0:8 arg1 hydrolysates 96:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates 63:107 Enhancing biohydrogen production from Agave tequilana bagasse: Detoxified vs. Undetoxified acid hydrolysates. 30611089 3 62 theme significant 391:401 arg1 variable 403:410 a significant variable 389:410 a significant variable 389:410 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 3 62 theme significant 391:401 arg1 pH 378:379 pH 378:379 pH 378:379 Results indicated that pH was not a significant variable, while the lowest evaluated concentration of activated carbon (1% p/v) significantly promoted the highest removal of acetic acid (89%) with minimal losses of fermentable sugars. 30611089 4 63 theme dark 600:603 arg1 experiments 618:628 dark fermentation experiments 600:628 dark fermentation experiments 600:628 Regarding dark fermentation experiments, central composite designs were used to optimize COD and pH variables for both substrates, undetoxified and detoxified hydrolysates (activated carbon 1% p/v and pH 0.6). 31512135 3 0 theme high 500:503 arg1 capacity 513:520 high removal capacity 500:520 high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV) 500:544 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 6 1 theme external 980:987 arg1 transfer 994:1001 external mass transfer 980:1001 external mass transfer 980:1001 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 0 2 theme dye 86:88 arg1 removal 90:96 dye removal 86:96 dye removal 86:96 Preparation and characterization of alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead for dye removal. 31512135 7 3 theme biochar 1096:1102 arg1 powder 1104:1109 impregnating biochar powder 1083:1109 impregnating biochar powder in alginate 1083:1121 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 3 4 theme removal 505:511 arg1 capacity 513:520 high removal capacity 500:520 high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV) 500:544 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 4 5 theme isotherm 737:744 arg1 models 746:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 7 6 theme impregnating 1083:1094 arg1 powder 1104:1109 impregnating biochar powder 1083:1109 impregnating biochar powder in alginate 1083:1121 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 7 theme separating 1267:1276 arg1 powder 1286:1291 separating biochar powder 1267:1291 separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1267:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 5 8 theme pseudo-first-order 835:852 arg1 models 905:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 2 9 theme energy 303:308 arg1 EDS 335:337 EDS 335:337 EDS 335:337 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 9 theme energy 303:308 arg1 spectroscopy 321:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy 303:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) 303:338 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 9 theme energy 303:308 arg1 microscopy 285:294 scanning electron microscopy 267:294 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 267:300 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 7 10 theme higher 1176:1181 arg1 affinity 1183:1190 higher affinity 1176:1190 higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium 1176:1225 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 4 11 theme Freundlich 704:713 arg1 models 746:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 6 12 from process 1065:1071 arg1 essential 1037:1045 essential 1037:1045 essential 1037:1045 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 2 13 dep transform 349:357 arg1 infrared 359:366 infrared 359:366 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer 349:478 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 7 14 from solution 1312:1319 arg1 task 1259:1262 the onerous task 1247:1262 the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1247:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 14 from solution 1312:1319 arg1 powder 1286:1291 separating biochar powder 1267:1291 separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1267:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 5 15 theme diffusion 895:903 arg1 models 905:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 7 16 theme biochar 1278:1284 arg1 powder 1286:1291 separating biochar powder 1267:1291 separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1267:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 3 17 theme crystal 526:532 arg1 CV 542:543 CV 542:543 CV 542:543 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 3 17 theme crystal 526:532 arg1 violet 534:539 crystal violet 526:539 crystal violet (CV) 526:544 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 4 18 theme adsorption 627:636 arg1 data 647:650 The adsorption isotherm data 623:650 The adsorption isotherm data 623:650 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 3 19 dep solution 560:567 arg1 % 574:574 33.8% 570:574 33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead 570:619 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 6 20 theme indispensable 958:970 arg1 role 972:975 an indispensable role 955:975 an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion 955:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 5 21 theme pseudo-second-order 855:873 arg1 models 905:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 5 22 theme nonlinear 812:820 arg1 forms 822:826 the nonlinear forms 808:826 the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 808:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 7 23 theme composite 1142:1150 arg1 bead 1161:1164 a composite hydrogel bead 1140:1164 a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1140:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 23 theme composite 1142:1150 arg1 bio-platform 1126:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 5 24 theme models 905:910 arg1 forms 822:826 the nonlinear forms 808:826 the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 808:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 1 25 theme physical 190:197 arg1 crosslinking 199:210 physical crosslinking 190:210 physical crosslinking with Ca2+ 190:220 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 7 26 theme hydrogel 1152:1159 arg1 bead 1161:1164 a composite hydrogel bead 1140:1164 a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1140:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 26 theme hydrogel 1152:1159 arg1 bio-platform 1126:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 6 27 from essential 1037:1045 arg1 process 1065:1071 the adsorption process 1050:1071 the adsorption process 1050:1071 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 3 28 theme aqueous 552:558 arg1 solution 560:567 aqueous solution 552:567 aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead) 552:620 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 5 29 theme adsorption 764:773 arg1 data 784:787 the adsorption kinetics data 760:787 the adsorption kinetics data 760:787 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 3 30 theme more 576:579 arg1 % 574:574 33.8% 570:574 33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead 570:619 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 8 31 theme wastewater 1406:1415 arg1 process 1427:1433 the wastewater treatment process 1402:1433 the wastewater treatment process 1402:1433 Hence, the Alg-KBC can be considered for efficient dye removal in the wastewater treatment process. 31512135 2 32 dep Fourier 341:347 arg1 transform 349:357 transform 349:357 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer 349:478 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 33 theme emission 424:431 arg1 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 33 theme emission 424:431 arg1 spectrometry 433:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 389:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) 389:454 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 5 34 theme kinetics 775:782 arg1 data 784:787 the adsorption kinetics data 760:787 the adsorption kinetics data 760:787 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 4 35 theme Redlich-Peterson 720:735 arg1 isotherm 737:744 Redlich-Peterson isotherm 720:744 Redlich-Peterson isotherm 720:744 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 3 36 theme alginate 607:614 arg1 bead 616:619 the pristine alginate bead 594:619 the pristine alginate bead 594:619 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 1 37 theme biochar 117:123 arg1 bead 144:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead 99:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) 99:157 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 1 37 theme biochar 117:123 arg1 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 2 38 theme optical 416:422 arg1 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 38 theme optical 416:422 arg1 spectrometry 433:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 389:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) 389:454 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 7 39 theme onerous 1251:1257 arg1 task 1259:1262 the onerous task 1247:1262 the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1247:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 6 40 theme diffusion 1022:1030 arg1 role 972:975 an indispensable role 955:975 an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion 955:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 1 41 theme alginate-kelp 103:115 arg1 bead 144:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead 99:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) 99:157 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 1 41 theme alginate-kelp 103:115 arg1 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 2 42 theme plasma 409:414 arg1 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 42 theme plasma 409:414 arg1 spectrometry 433:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 389:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) 389:454 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 43 theme elemental 461:469 arg1 analyzer 471:478 elemental analyzer 461:478 elemental analyzer 461:478 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 0 44 theme alginate-kelp 36:48 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead for dye removal. 31512135 0 44 theme alginate-kelp 36:48 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead for dye removal. 31512135 8 45 theme treatment 1417:1425 arg1 process 1427:1433 the wastewater treatment process 1402:1433 the wastewater treatment process 1402:1433 Hence, the Alg-KBC can be considered for efficient dye removal in the wastewater treatment process. 31512135 7 46 from task 1259:1262 arg1 solution 1312:1319 the adsorbate solution 1298:1319 the adsorbate solution 1298:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 2 47 theme coupled 401:407 arg1 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 ICP-OES 447:453 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 47 theme coupled 401:407 arg1 spectrometry 433:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry 389:444 inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) 389:454 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 0 48 theme hydrogel 68:75 arg1 bead 77:80 composite hydrogel bead 58:80 composite hydrogel bead for dye removal 58:96 Preparation and characterization of alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead for dye removal. 31512135 3 49 theme pristine 598:605 arg1 bead 616:619 the pristine alginate bead 594:619 the pristine alginate bead 594:619 The Alg-KBC showed high removal capacity for crystal violet (CV), from aqueous solution (33.8% more than that of the pristine alginate bead). 31512135 1 50 theme composite 125:133 arg1 bead 144:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead 99:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) 99:157 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 1 50 theme composite 125:133 arg1 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 0 51 theme composite 58:66 arg1 bead 77:80 composite hydrogel bead 58:80 composite hydrogel bead for dye removal 58:96 Preparation and characterization of alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead for dye removal. 31512135 7 52 from powder 1104:1109 arg1 alginate 1114:1121 alginate 1114:1121 alginate 1114:1121 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 1 53 with crosslinking 199:210 arg1 Ca2+ 217:220 Ca2+ 217:220 Ca2+ 217:220 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 7 54 theme aqueous 1212:1218 arg1 medium 1220:1225 aqueous medium 1212:1225 aqueous medium 1212:1225 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 2 55 theme composite 227:235 arg1 material 237:244 The composite material 223:244 The composite material 223:244 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 7 56 theme adsorbate 1302:1310 arg1 solution 1312:1319 the adsorbate solution 1298:1319 the adsorbate solution 1298:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 1 57 theme hydrogel 135:142 arg1 bead 144:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead 99:147 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) 99:157 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 1 57 theme hydrogel 135:142 arg1 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 Alg-KBC 150:156 The alginate-kelp biochar composite hydrogel bead (Alg-KBC) was successfully developed via physical crosslinking with Ca2+. 31512135 6 58 with chemisorption 918:930 arg1 role 972:975 an indispensable role 955:975 an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion 955:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 7 59 from affinity 1183:1190 arg1 medium 1220:1225 aqueous medium 1212:1225 aqueous medium 1212:1225 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 8 60 theme efficient 1377:1385 arg1 removal 1391:1397 efficient dye removal 1377:1397 efficient dye removal 1377:1397 Hence, the Alg-KBC can be considered for efficient dye removal in the wastewater treatment process. 31512135 4 61 theme models 746:751 arg1 forms 681:685 the nonlinear forms 667:685 the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 667:751 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 7 62 contain has 1172:1174 arg1 bead 1161:1164 a composite hydrogel bead 1140:1164 a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1140:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 62 contain has 1172:1174 arg1 bio-platform 1126:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 a bio-platform 1124:1137 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 62 contain has 1172:1174 arg2 affinity 1183:1190 higher affinity 1176:1190 higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium 1176:1225 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 5 63 theme intra-particle 880:893 arg1 models 905:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models 831:910 Also, the adsorption kinetics data were analyzed with the nonlinear forms of the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models. 31512135 2 64 theme dispersive 310:319 arg1 EDS 335:337 EDS 335:337 EDS 335:337 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 64 theme dispersive 310:319 arg1 spectroscopy 321:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy 303:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) 303:338 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 64 theme dispersive 310:319 arg1 microscopy 285:294 scanning electron microscopy 267:294 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 267:300 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 6 65 theme stagewise 1007:1015 arg1 diffusion 1022:1030 stagewise pore diffusion 1007:1030 stagewise pore diffusion 1007:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 2 66 theme electron 276:283 arg1 Fourier 341:347 Fourier 341:347 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer 341:478 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 66 theme electron 276:283 arg1 spectroscopy 321:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy 303:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) 303:338 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 66 theme electron 276:283 arg1 SEM 297:299 SEM 297:299 SEM 297:299 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 66 theme electron 276:283 arg1 microscopy 285:294 scanning electron microscopy 267:294 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 267:300 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 4 67 theme Langmuir 694:701 arg1 models 746:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 690:751 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 4 68 theme nonlinear 671:679 arg1 forms 681:685 the nonlinear forms 667:685 the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models 667:751 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 7 69 theme powder 1286:1291 arg1 task 1259:1262 the onerous task 1247:1262 the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution 1247:1319 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 7 70 theme cationic 1196:1203 arg1 dye 1205:1207 cationic dye 1196:1207 cationic dye 1196:1207 Thus, by impregnating biochar powder in alginate, a bio-platform, a composite hydrogel bead which has higher affinity for cationic dye in aqueous medium and also eliminates the onerous task of separating biochar powder from the adsorbate solution, was obtained. 31512135 6 71 theme pore 1017:1020 arg1 diffusion 1022:1030 stagewise pore diffusion 1007:1030 stagewise pore diffusion 1007:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 2 72 theme scanning 267:274 arg1 Fourier 341:347 Fourier 341:347 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer 341:478 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 72 theme scanning 267:274 arg1 spectroscopy 321:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy 303:332 energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) 303:338 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 72 theme scanning 267:274 arg1 SEM 297:299 SEM 297:299 SEM 297:299 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 2 72 theme scanning 267:274 arg1 microscopy 285:294 scanning electron microscopy 267:294 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 267:300 The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and elemental analyzer. 31512135 6 73 with physisorption 936:948 arg1 role 972:975 an indispensable role 955:975 an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion 955:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 6 74 theme adsorption 1054:1063 arg1 process 1065:1071 the adsorption process 1050:1071 the adsorption process 1050:1071 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 6 75 theme transfer 994:1001 arg1 role 972:975 an indispensable role 955:975 an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion 955:1030 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31512135 8 76 theme dye 1387:1389 arg1 removal 1391:1397 efficient dye removal 1377:1397 efficient dye removal 1377:1397 Hence, the Alg-KBC can be considered for efficient dye removal in the wastewater treatment process. 31512135 4 77 theme isotherm 638:645 arg1 data 647:650 The adsorption isotherm data 623:650 The adsorption isotherm data 623:650 The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the nonlinear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. 31512135 6 78 theme mass 989:992 arg1 transfer 994:1001 external mass transfer 980:1001 external mass transfer 980:1001 Both chemisorption and physisorption with an indispensable role of external mass transfer and stagewise pore diffusion were essential in the adsorption process. 31400716 0 0 theme Chitosan/polydopamine 60:80 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 6 1 theme elovich 1114:1120 arg1 models 1130:1135 elovich kinetic models 1114:1135 elovich kinetic models 1114:1135 The experimental data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and elovich kinetic models. 31400716 5 2 theme adsorption 990:999 arg1 capacity 1001:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity 980:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C 980:1040 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 1 3 theme Chitosan/polydopamine 120:140 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 3 theme Chitosan/polydopamine 120:140 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 4 4 theme XRD 675:677 arg1 analysis 680:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 5 from Ag 216:217 arg1 solutions 234:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 5 6 theme 57.02 mg/g 1013:1022 arg1 capacity 1001:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity 980:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C 980:1040 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 5 7 from 30 °C 1036:1040 arg1 capacity 1001:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity 980:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C 980:1040 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 1 8 theme @ 141:141 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 8 theme @ 141:141 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 8 9 theme high 1369:1372 arg1 recyclability 1374:1386 the high recyclability 1365:1386 the high recyclability 1365:1386 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 5 10 theme freeze-dry 881:890 arg1 form 892:895 The freeze-dry form 877:895 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA 877:905 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 0 11 theme C 82:82 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 1 12 theme Ag 279:280 arg1 ion 286:288 Ag (Ⅰ) ion 279:288 Ag (Ⅰ) ion 279:288 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 5 13 from pH 1027:1028 arg1 capacity 1001:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity 980:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C 980:1040 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 6 14 theme Langmuir 1092:1099 arg1 isotherm 1101:1108 the Langmuir isotherm 1088:1108 the Langmuir isotherm 1088:1108 The experimental data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and elovich kinetic models. 31400716 3 15 theme value 455:459 arg1 influence 435:443 the influence 431:443 the influence of the pH value 431:459 Additionally, the influence of the pH value was also evaluated. 31400716 0 16 theme @ 81:81 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 1 17 from solutions 234:242 arg1 adsorption 202:211 adsorption 202:211 adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions 202:242 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 4 18 theme diffraction 662:672 arg1 analysis 680:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 19 theme Ag 216:217 arg1 adsorption 202:211 adsorption 202:211 adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions 202:242 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 20 theme magnetic 84:91 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 1 21 theme Ⅰ 283:283 arg1 ion 286:288 Ag (Ⅰ) ion 279:288 Ag (Ⅰ) ion 279:288 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 7 22 theme freeze-dry 1269:1278 arg1 form 1280:1283 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 4 23 theme adsorbent 569:577 arg1 beads 579:583 the prepared adsorbent beads 556:583 the prepared adsorbent beads 556:583 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 24 theme C 142:142 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 24 theme C 142:142 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 25 theme @ 83:83 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 5 26 theme maximum 982:988 arg1 capacity 1001:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity 980:1008 a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C 980:1040 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 3 27 theme pH 452:453 arg1 value 455:459 the pH value 448:459 the pH value 448:459 Additionally, the influence of the pH value was also evaluated. 31400716 1 28 theme @ 143:143 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 28 theme @ 143:143 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 2 29 theme selective 357:365 arg1 studies 367:373 kinetic and selective studies 345:373 kinetic and selective studies 345:373 To investigate its adsorption behaviors, equilibrium, kinetic and selective studies were conducted through batch experiments. 31400716 2 30 theme batch 398:402 arg1 experiments 404:414 batch experiments 398:414 batch experiments 398:414 To investigate its adsorption behaviors, equilibrium, kinetic and selective studies were conducted through batch experiments. 31400716 4 31 theme electron 770:777 arg1 SEM 791:793 SEM 791:793 SEM 791:793 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 31 theme electron 770:777 arg1 microscopy 779:788 scanning electron microscopy 761:788 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 761:794 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 32 theme magnetic 144:151 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 32 theme magnetic 144:151 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 33 theme Selective 0:8 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Selective adsorption 0:19 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions 0:52 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 4 34 theme scanning 761:768 arg1 SEM 791:793 SEM 791:793 SEM 791:793 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 34 theme scanning 761:768 arg1 microscopy 779:788 scanning electron microscopy 761:788 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 761:794 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 7 35 from adsorption 1241:1250 arg1 form 1280:1283 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 1 36 theme fly 153:155 arg1 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 CPCMFA 162:167 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 1 36 theme fly 153:155 arg1 ash 157:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 118:159 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 37 theme Ag 24:25 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Selective adsorption 0:19 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions 0:52 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 5 38 theme CPCMFA 900:905 arg1 form 892:895 The freeze-dry form 877:895 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA 877:905 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 0 39 theme ash 97:99 arg1 beads 111:115 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 4 40 theme X-ray 656:660 arg1 analysis 680:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 656:687 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 7 41 theme Ag 1255:1256 arg1 spontaneous 1298:1308 spontaneous 1298:1308 spontaneous 1298:1308 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 41 theme Ag 1255:1256 arg1 adsorption 1241:1250 the adsorption 1237:1250 the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1237:1293 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 1 42 theme ash 157:159 arg1 bead 180:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 43 theme fly 93:95 arg1 ash 97:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash 60:99 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 8 44 theme regeneration 1337:1348 arg1 studies 1350:1356 regeneration studies 1337:1356 regeneration studies 1337:1356 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 6 45 theme kinetic 1122:1128 arg1 models 1130:1135 elovich kinetic models 1114:1135 elovich kinetic models 1114:1135 The experimental data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and elovich kinetic models. 31400716 4 46 theme prepared 560:567 arg1 beads 579:583 the prepared adsorbent beads 556:583 the prepared adsorbent beads 556:583 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 47 theme aqueous 226:232 arg1 solutions 234:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 0 48 theme adsorbent 101:109 arg1 beads 111:115 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads 60:115 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 0 49 from solutions 44:52 arg1 adsorption 10:19 Selective adsorption 0:19 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions 0:52 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 2 50 theme kinetic 345:351 arg1 studies 367:373 kinetic and selective studies 345:373 kinetic and selective studies 345:373 To investigate its adsorption behaviors, equilibrium, kinetic and selective studies were conducted through batch experiments. 31400716 2 51 theme adsorption 310:319 arg1 behaviors 321:329 its adsorption behaviors 306:329 its adsorption behaviors 306:329 To investigate its adsorption behaviors, equilibrium, kinetic and selective studies were conducted through batch experiments. 31400716 2 51 theme adsorption 310:319 arg1 equilibrium 332:342 equilibrium 332:342 equilibrium 332:342 To investigate its adsorption behaviors, equilibrium, kinetic and selective studies were conducted through batch experiments. 31400716 8 52 theme adsorbent 1395:1403 arg1 recyclability 1374:1386 the high recyclability 1365:1386 the high recyclability 1365:1386 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 4 53 theme transmission 797:808 arg1 TEM 831:833 TEM 831:833 TEM 831:833 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 53 theme transmission 797:808 arg1 microscopy 819:828 transmission electron microscopy 797:828 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 797:834 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 5 54 theme adsorption 927:936 arg1 capacity 938:945 high adsorption capacity 922:945 high adsorption capacity 922:945 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 4 55 theme transform-infrared 615:632 arg1 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 55 theme transform-infrared 615:632 arg1 spectroscopy 642:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 1 56 from adsorption 202:211 arg1 solutions 234:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 aqueous solutions 226:242 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 6 57 theme experimental 1047:1058 arg1 data 1060:1063 The experimental data 1043:1063 The experimental data 1043:1063 The experimental data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and elovich kinetic models. 31400716 7 58 theme ΔG 1212:1213 arg1 parameters 1157:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 58 theme ΔG 1212:1213 arg1 < 1215:1215 ΔG < 0 1212:1217 ΔG < 0 1212:1217 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 4 59 theme Fourier 607:613 arg1 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 59 theme Fourier 607:613 arg1 spectroscopy 642:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 5 60 theme high 922:925 arg1 capacity 938:945 high adsorption capacity 922:945 high adsorption capacity 922:945 The freeze-dry form of CPCMFA also exhibited high adsorption capacity and selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 57.02 mg/g at pH 4 and 30 °C. 31400716 4 61 theme calorimetry 730:740 arg1 analysis 751:758 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis 690:758 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis 690:758 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 62 theme FT-IR 635:639 arg1 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 VSM 871:873 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 62 theme FT-IR 635:639 arg1 spectroscopy 642:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy 607:653 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 8 63 theme amount 1478:1483 arg1 % 1469:1469 95.7% 1465:1469 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent 1465:1515 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 8 63 theme amount 1478:1483 arg1 amount 1478:1483 the amount 1474:1483 the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent 1474:1515 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 1 64 theme adsorbent 170:178 arg1 bead 180:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead 118:183 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 4 65 theme electron 810:817 arg1 TEM 831:833 TEM 831:833 TEM 831:833 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 65 theme electron 810:817 arg1 microscopy 819:828 transmission electron microscopy 797:828 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 797:834 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 7 66 theme adsorbent 1285:1293 arg1 form 1280:1283 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 the freeze-dry form adsorbent 1265:1293 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 67 theme thermodynamics 1142:1155 arg1 < 1215:1215 ΔG < 0 1212:1217 ΔG < 0 1212:1217 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 67 theme thermodynamics 1142:1155 arg1 ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol 1169:1186 ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol 1169:1186 ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol 1169:1186 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 67 theme thermodynamics 1142:1155 arg1 K 1206:1206 ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K 1189:1206 ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K 1189:1206 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 67 theme thermodynamics 1142:1155 arg1 parameters 1157:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 4 68 theme magnetic 535:542 arg1 property 544:551 magnetic property 535:551 magnetic property 535:551 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 69 theme scanning 721:728 arg1 TG-DSC 743:748 TG-DSC 743:748 TG-DSC 743:748 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 69 theme scanning 721:728 arg1 calorimetry 730:740 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry 690:740 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis 690:758 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 7 70 theme ΔS = 96.63 J/mol 1189:1204 arg1 K 1206:1206 ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K 1189:1206 ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K 1189:1206 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 7 70 theme ΔS = 96.63 J/mol 1189:1204 arg1 parameters 1157:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters 1138:1166 The thermodynamics parameters, ΔH = 10.653 kJ/mol, ΔS = 96.63 J/mol K and ΔG < 0, demonstrate that the adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) on the freeze-dry form adsorbent is spontaneous and endothermic. 31400716 8 71 theme use 1433:1435 arg1 cycles 1423:1428 five cycles 1418:1428 five cycles of use 1418:1435 Moreover, regeneration studies showed the high recyclability of the adsorbent, which after five cycles of use it was still able to adsorb 95.7% of the amount adsorbed by the fresh adsorbent. 31400716 0 72 theme aqueous 36:42 arg1 solutions 44:52 aqueous solutions 36:52 aqueous solutions 36:52 Selective adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) from aqueous solutions using Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash adsorbent beads. 31400716 1 73 theme good 258:261 arg1 selectivity 263:273 good selectivity 258:273 good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion 258:288 A Chitosan/polydopamine@C@magnetic fly ash (CPCMFA) adsorbent bead was prepared for adsorption of Ag (Ⅰ) in aqueous solutions and exhibited good selectivity for Ag (Ⅰ) ion. 31400716 4 74 theme thermogravimetric-differential 690:719 arg1 TG-DSC 743:748 TG-DSC 743:748 TG-DSC 743:748 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 74 theme thermogravimetric-differential 690:719 arg1 calorimetry 730:740 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry 690:740 thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis 690:758 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 75 theme beads 579:583 arg1 composition 506:516 composition 506:516 composition 506:516 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 75 theme beads 579:583 arg1 nature 498:503 the nature 494:503 the nature 494:503 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 75 theme beads 579:583 arg1 property 544:551 magnetic property 535:551 magnetic property 535:551 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 75 theme beads 579:583 arg1 morphology 519:528 morphology 519:528 morphology 519:528 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 31400716 4 76 theme vibrating-sample 840:855 arg1 magnetometry 857:868 vibrating-sample magnetometry 840:868 vibrating-sample magnetometry 840:868 In addition, the nature, composition, morphology, and magnetic property of the prepared adsorbent beads were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). 29385801 0 0 theme Extraction-Hydrophilic 84:105 arg1 Chromatography 119:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography 65:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 65:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 1 1 from components 234:243 arg1 milk 258:261 mammalian milk 248:261 mammalian milk 248:261 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29385801 4 2 theme SMOs 734:737 arg1 analysis 722:729 accurate analysis 713:729 accurate analysis of SMOs 713:737 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 6 3 theme spectrometry 1057:1068 arg1 identification 1075:1088 mass spectrometry (MS) identification 1052:1088 mass spectrometry (MS) identification 1052:1088 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 0 4 theme Phase 78:82 arg1 Chromatography 119:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography 65:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 65:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 5 5 theme neutral 807:813 arg1 oligosaccharides 815:830 neutral oligosaccharides 807:830 neutral oligosaccharides 807:830 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 8 6 theme established 1403:1413 arg1 method 1435:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 8 7 theme SMO 1513:1515 arg1 changes 1517:1523 detailed SMO changes 1504:1523 detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals 1504:1562 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 6 8 theme mass 1052:1055 arg1 MS 1071:1072 MS 1071:1072 MS 1071:1072 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 6 8 theme mass 1052:1055 arg1 spectrometry 1057:1068 mass spectrometry 1052:1068 mass spectrometry (MS) identification 1052:1088 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 5 9 theme pretreatment 755:766 arg1 step 768:771 A pretreatment step 753:771 A pretreatment step 753:771 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 0 10 from Profiling 0:8 arg1 Milk 54:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 8 11 theme method 1435:1440 arg1 success 1388:1394 The success 1384:1394 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1384:1440 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 0 12 theme Interaction 107:117 arg1 Chromatography 119:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography 65:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 65:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 7 13 theme lactose 1191:1197 arg1 removal 1180:1186 removal 1180:1186 removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column 1180:1253 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 7 14 theme tandem 1324:1329 arg1 MS 1331:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 7 15 theme HILIC 1231:1235 arg1 column 1248:1253 a HILIC analytical column 1229:1253 a HILIC analytical column 1229:1253 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 0 16 from Milk 54:57 arg1 Profiling 0:8 Profiling 0:8 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk 0:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 7 17 theme electrostatic 1134:1146 arg1 repulsion 1148:1156 electrostatic repulsion 1134:1156 electrostatic repulsion function 1134:1165 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 2 18 theme infants 313:319 arg1 health 292:297 health 292:297 health 292:297 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 2 18 theme infants 313:319 arg1 growth 303:308 growth 303:308 growth 303:308 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 8 19 from profiling 1462:1470 arg1 human 1483:1487 human 1483:1487 human 1483:1487 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 1 20 theme important 224:232 arg1 oligosaccharides 203:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides 192:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides 192:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29385801 1 20 theme important 224:232 arg1 components 234:243 important components 224:243 important components in mammalian milk 224:261 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29385801 5 21 theme conventional 836:847 arg1 methods 871:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 8 22 theme SMO 1593:1595 arg1 contents 1597:1604 SMO contents 1593:1604 SMO contents 1593:1604 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 3 23 theme structures 469:478 arg1 knowledge 452:460 A detailed knowledge 441:460 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 441:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 23 theme structures 469:478 arg1 prerequisite 562:573 a prerequisite 560:573 a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles 560:614 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 7 24 theme SPE 1118:1120 arg1 column 1122:1127 A SPE column 1116:1127 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function 1116:1165 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 7 25 theme column 1248:1253 arg1 removal 1180:1186 removal 1180:1186 removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column 1180:1253 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 3 26 theme compositions 481:492 arg1 knowledge 452:460 A detailed knowledge 441:460 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 441:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 26 theme compositions 481:492 arg1 prerequisite 562:573 a prerequisite 560:573 a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles 560:614 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 5 27 theme off-line 849:856 arg1 methods 871:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 7 28 used used 1171:1174 arg2 column 1122:1127 A SPE column 1116:1127 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function 1116:1165 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 8 29 from changes 1517:1523 arg1 animals 1556:1562 animals 1556:1562 animals 1556:1562 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 8 30 theme SPE-HILIC-MS 1422:1433 arg1 method 1435:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 2 31 theme pathogenic 422:431 arg1 agents 433:438 various pathogenic agents 414:438 various pathogenic agents 414:438 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 5 32 theme pretreatment 858:869 arg1 methods 871:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 conventional off-line pretreatment methods 836:877 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 7 33 used used 1338:1341 arg2 MS 1331:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 8 34 theme SMOs 1475:1478 arg1 profiling 1462:1470 profiling 1462:1470 profiling of SMOs in human 1462:1487 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 2 35 theme various 414:420 arg1 agents 433:438 various pathogenic agents 414:438 various pathogenic agents 414:438 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 0 36 theme Oligosaccharides 24:39 arg1 Profiling 0:8 Profiling 0:8 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk 0:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 0 37 theme Electrospray 160:171 arg1 Spectrometry 178:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 3 38 gly sialylated 517:526 arg1 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 38 gly sialylated 517:526 arg1 oligosaccharides 533:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides 513:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 513:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 39 theme quantities 499:508 arg1 knowledge 452:460 A detailed knowledge 441:460 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 441:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 39 theme quantities 499:508 arg1 prerequisite 562:573 a prerequisite 560:573 a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles 560:614 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 0 40 theme Sialylated 13:22 arg1 Oligosaccharides 24:39 Sialylated Oligosaccharides 13:39 Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk 13:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 8 41 theme different 1616:1624 arg1 species 1626:1632 the different species 1612:1632 the different species 1612:1632 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 0 42 theme Negative-Ion 147:158 arg1 Spectrometry 178:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 8 43 theme detailed 1504:1511 arg1 changes 1517:1523 detailed SMO changes 1504:1523 detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals 1504:1562 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 3 44 theme biological 599:608 arg1 roles 610:614 their biological roles 593:614 their biological roles 593:614 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 4 45 theme large 658:662 arg1 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 45 theme large 658:662 arg1 oligosaccharides 695:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 45 theme large 658:662 arg1 amounts 664:670 very large amounts 653:670 very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides 653:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 0 46 theme Mammalian 44:52 arg1 Milk 54:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 1 47 theme mammalian 248:256 arg1 milk 258:261 mammalian milk 248:261 mammalian milk 248:261 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29385801 4 48 theme lactose 675:681 arg1 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 48 theme lactose 675:681 arg1 oligosaccharides 695:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 48 theme lactose 675:681 arg1 amounts 664:670 very large amounts 653:670 very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides 653:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 49 theme neutral 687:693 arg1 oligosaccharides 695:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 6 50 theme interaction 1005:1015 arg1 HILIC 1033:1037 HILIC 1033:1037 HILIC 1033:1037 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 6 50 theme interaction 1005:1015 arg1 chromatography 1017:1030 hydrophilic interaction chromatography 993:1030 hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs 993:1113 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 0 51 theme Mass 173:176 arg1 Spectrometry 178:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 147:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 3 52 dep structures 469:478 arg1 the 465:467 the 465:467 the 465:467 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 5 53 theme poor 905:908 arg1 reproducibility 910:924 poor reproducibility 905:924 poor reproducibility 905:924 A pretreatment step is required to remove lactose and neutral oligosaccharides but conventional off-line pretreatment methods are time-consuming and of poor reproducibility. 29385801 8 54 from difference 1579:1588 arg1 contents 1597:1604 SMO contents 1593:1604 SMO contents 1593:1604 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 6 55 theme hydrophilic 993:1003 arg1 HILIC 1033:1037 HILIC 1033:1037 HILIC 1033:1037 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 6 55 theme hydrophilic 993:1003 arg1 chromatography 1017:1030 hydrophilic interaction chromatography 993:1030 hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs 993:1113 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 7 56 theme SMOs 1277:1280 arg1 separation 1259:1268 separation 1259:1268 separation of the SMOs 1259:1280 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 2 57 theme key 276:278 arg1 role 280:283 a key role 274:283 a key role 274:283 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 7 58 with column 1122:1127 arg1 function 1158:1165 electrostatic repulsion function 1134:1165 electrostatic repulsion function 1134:1165 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 3 59 theme milk 528:531 arg1 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 59 theme milk 528:531 arg1 oligosaccharides 533:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides 513:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 513:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 60 theme detailed 443:450 arg1 knowledge 452:460 A detailed knowledge 441:460 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 441:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 60 theme detailed 443:450 arg1 prerequisite 562:573 a prerequisite 560:573 a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles 560:614 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 7 61 theme analytical 1237:1246 arg1 column 1248:1253 a HILIC analytical column 1229:1253 a HILIC analytical column 1229:1253 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 8 62 theme lactation 1532:1540 arg1 period 1542:1547 lactation period 1532:1547 lactation period 1532:1547 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 7 63 theme repulsion 1148:1156 arg1 function 1158:1165 electrostatic repulsion function 1134:1165 electrostatic repulsion function 1134:1165 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 3 64 theme oligosaccharides 533:548 arg1 compositions 481:492 compositions 481:492 compositions 481:492 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 64 theme oligosaccharides 533:548 arg1 quantities 499:508 quantities 499:508 quantities 499:508 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 64 theme oligosaccharides 533:548 arg1 structures 469:478 structures 469:478 structures 469:478 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 7 65 theme electrospray 1300:1311 arg1 MS 1331:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 4 66 theme oligosaccharides 695:710 arg1 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 lactose 675:681 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 66 theme oligosaccharides 695:710 arg1 oligosaccharides 695:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 neutral oligosaccharides 687:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 4 66 theme oligosaccharides 695:710 arg1 amounts 664:670 very large amounts 653:670 very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides 653:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 8 67 theme online 1415:1420 arg1 method 1435:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method 1399:1440 The success of the established online SPE-HILIC-MS method was demonstrated by profiling of SMOs in human to investigate detailed SMO changes during lactation period and in animals to compare the difference in SMO contents among the different species. 29385801 4 68 theme accurate 713:720 arg1 analysis 722:729 accurate analysis 713:729 accurate analysis of SMOs 713:737 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 2 69 theme gastrointestinal 353:368 arg1 microbiota 370:379 infant's gastrointestinal microbiota 344:379 infant's gastrointestinal microbiota 344:379 They play a key role in the health and growth of infants by helping to shape up infant's gastrointestinal microbiota and defense against infection by various pathogenic agents. 29385801 4 70 theme presence 641:648 arg1 difficult 742:750 difficult 742:750 difficult 742:750 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 6 71 theme SMOs 1110:1113 arg1 analysis 1098:1105 the analysis 1094:1105 the analysis of SMOs 1094:1113 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 3 72 theme sialylated 517:526 arg1 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 SMOs 551:554 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 3 72 theme sialylated 517:526 arg1 oligosaccharides 533:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides 513:548 the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) 513:555 A detailed knowledge of the structures, compositions, and quantities of the sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) is a prerequisite for understanding their biological roles. 29385801 7 73 theme neutral 1203:1209 arg1 oligosaccharides 1211:1226 neutral oligosaccharides 1203:1226 neutral oligosaccharides 1203:1226 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 7 74 theme ionization 1313:1322 arg1 MS 1331:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 0 75 theme Solid 72:76 arg1 Chromatography 119:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography 65:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 65:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 4 76 theme amounts 664:670 arg1 presence 641:648 the presence 637:648 the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides 637:710 However, because of the presence of very large amounts of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, accurate analysis of SMOs is difficult. 29385801 7 77 theme negative-ion 1287:1298 arg1 MS 1331:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS 1287:1332 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 6 78 attach linked 952:957 arg3 presentation 935:946 this presentation 930:946 this presentation 930:946 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 6 79 theme solid-phase 959:969 arg1 extraction 971:980 solid-phase extraction 959:980 solid-phase extraction (SPE) 959:986 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 6 79 theme solid-phase 959:969 arg1 SPE 983:985 SPE 983:985 SPE 983:985 In this presentation, we linked solid-phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) identification for the analysis of SMOs. 29385801 0 80 theme Online 65:70 arg1 Chromatography 119:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography 65:132 Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 65:189 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 0 81 from Oligosaccharides 24:39 arg1 Milk 54:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Mammalian Milk 44:57 Profiling of Sialylated Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk Using Online Solid Phase Extraction-Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Negative-Ion Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. 29385801 7 82 theme oligosaccharides 1211:1226 arg1 removal 1180:1186 removal 1180:1186 removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column 1180:1253 A SPE column with electrostatic repulsion function was used for removal of lactose and neutral oligosaccharides, a HILIC analytical column for separation of the SMOs, and negative-ion electrospray ionization tandem MS was used for their identification and sequencing. 29385801 1 83 theme Sialylated 192:201 arg1 oligosaccharides 203:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides 192:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides 192:218 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29385801 1 83 theme Sialylated 192:201 arg1 components 234:243 important components 224:243 important components in mammalian milk 224:261 Sialylated oligosaccharides are important components in mammalian milk. 29922876 1 0 from incorporation 360:372 arg1 microemulsions 377:390 microemulsions 377:390 microemulsions 377:390 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 7 1 from drugs 1230:1234 arg1 microemulsions 1239:1252 microemulsions 1239:1252 microemulsions 1239:1252 SMR in the complexes and both drugs in microemulsions were classified as highly soluble. 29922876 7 1 from drugs 1230:1234 arg1 complexes 1211:1219 the complexes 1207:1219 the complexes 1207:1219 SMR in the complexes and both drugs in microemulsions were classified as highly soluble. 29922876 0 2 theme Complexes 10:18 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 0:125 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 3 3 theme predictive 632:641 arg1 capacity 643:650 The predictive capacity 628:650 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds 628:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 4 theme cholesterol 555:565 arg1 % 526:526 80% 524:526 80% of Lipoid® S100 524:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 4 theme cholesterol 555:565 arg1 S100 539:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 4 theme cholesterol 555:565 arg1 % 550:550 20% 548:550 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 548:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 4 theme cholesterol 555:565 arg1 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 555:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 1 5 theme work 143:146 arg1 aim 131:133 The aim 127:133 The aim of this work 127:146 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 3 6 theme apparent 800:807 arg1 Papp 836:839 Papp 836:839 Papp 836:839 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 6 theme apparent 800:807 arg1 coefficients 822:833 the apparent permeability coefficients 796:833 the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) 796:840 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 1 7 from meglumine 347:355 arg1 microemulsions 377:390 microemulsions 377:390 microemulsions 377:390 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 1 8 theme apparent 281:288 arg1 permeabilities 290:303 their apparent permeabilities 275:303 their apparent permeabilities 275:303 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 2 9 theme membrane 503:510 arg1 composition 476:486 a new composition 470:486 a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 470:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 10 theme passive 675:681 arg1 diffusion 683:691 passive diffusion 675:691 passive diffusion absorbed compounds 675:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 7 11 from SMR 1200:1202 arg1 microemulsions 1239:1252 microemulsions 1239:1252 microemulsions 1239:1252 SMR in the complexes and both drugs in microemulsions were classified as highly soluble. 29922876 7 11 from SMR 1200:1202 arg1 complexes 1211:1219 the complexes 1207:1219 the complexes 1207:1219 SMR in the complexes and both drugs in microemulsions were classified as highly soluble. 29922876 6 12 from products 1170:1177 arg1 % 1150:1150 The Fa% 1144:1150 The Fa% from all the drug products 1144:1177 The Fa% from all the drug products was higher than 90%. 29922876 6 12 from products 1170:1177 arg1 higher 1183:1188 higher 1183:1188 higher 1183:1188 The Fa% from all the drug products was higher than 90%. 29922876 0 13 theme Biomimetic 95:104 arg1 Membrane 117:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 3 14 theme diffusion 683:691 arg1 compounds 702:710 passive diffusion absorbed compounds 675:710 passive diffusion absorbed compounds 675:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 15 theme w/w 584:586 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 16 theme fraction 850:857 arg1 % 893:893 Fa% 891:893 Fa% 891:893 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 16 theme fraction 850:857 arg1 percentages 868:878 the fraction absorbed percentages 846:878 the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%) 846:894 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 0 17 theme New 91:93 arg1 Membrane 117:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 3 18 theme permeability 659:670 arg1 capacity 643:650 The predictive capacity 628:650 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds 628:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 19 theme % 582:582 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 20 theme absorbed 859:866 arg1 % 893:893 Fa% 891:893 Fa% 891:893 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 20 theme absorbed 859:866 arg1 percentages 868:878 the fraction absorbed percentages 846:878 the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%) 846:894 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 21 theme bio-mimetic 491:501 arg1 membrane 503:510 bio-mimetic membrane 491:510 bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 491:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 22 theme compounds 702:710 arg1 permeability 659:670 the permeability 655:670 the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds 655:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 23 theme 10 580:581 arg1 % 582:582 % 582:582 % 582:582 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 4 24 theme Biopharmaceutical 1040:1056 arg1 System 1073:1078 the Biopharmaceutical Classification System 1036:1078 the Biopharmaceutical Classification System 1036:1078 SMR and INM were classified as Class II and I, respectively, according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. 29922876 2 25 theme n-octanol 570:578 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 26 theme - 4.1 ± 0.8 949:959 arg1 value 940:944 a constant value 929:944 a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8 929:959 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 26 theme - 4.1 ± 0.8 949:959 arg1 value 908:912 an R2 value 902:912 an R2 value of 0.67942 902:923 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 27 from coefficients 822:833 arg1 humans 883:888 humans 883:888 humans 883:888 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 28 from % 550:550 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 29 theme constant 931:938 arg1 value 940:944 a constant value 929:944 a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8 929:959 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 30 theme Permeation 393:402 arg1 experiments 404:414 Permeation experiments 393:414 Permeation experiments 393:414 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 31 theme absorbed 693:700 arg1 compounds 702:710 passive diffusion absorbed compounds 675:710 passive diffusion absorbed compounds 675:710 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 0 32 theme Artificial 106:115 arg1 Membrane 117:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane 89:124 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 2 33 theme two-chamber 437:447 arg1 cells 459:463 two-chamber diffusion cells 437:463 two-chamber diffusion cells 437:463 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 34 from cholesterol 555:565 arg1 14,000 rpm 616:625 14,000 rpm 616:625 14,000 rpm 616:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 34 from cholesterol 555:565 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 34 from cholesterol 555:565 arg1 37 ± 0.5°C 601:610 37 ± 0.5°C 601:610 37 ± 0.5°C 601:610 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 8 35 theme pharmaceutical 1329:1342 arg1 products 1344:1351 these pharmaceutical products 1323:1351 these pharmaceutical products 1323:1351 Thus, SMR and INM incorporated in these pharmaceutical products could be classified as Class I. 29922876 3 36 theme Fa 891:892 arg1 % 893:893 Fa% 891:893 Fa% 891:893 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 36 theme Fa 891:892 arg1 percentages 868:878 the fraction absorbed percentages 846:878 the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%) 846:894 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 2 37 theme diffusion 449:457 arg1 cells 459:463 two-chamber diffusion cells 437:463 two-chamber diffusion cells 437:463 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 38 theme drug 735:738 arg1 standards 740:748 20 drug standards 732:748 20 drug standards 732:748 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 0 39 theme Microemulsions 24:37 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 0:125 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 1 40 theme model 187:191 arg1 sulfamerazine 200:212 sulfamerazine 200:212 sulfamerazine (SMR) 200:218 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 1 40 theme model 187:191 arg1 drugs 193:197 two model drugs 183:197 two model drugs 183:197 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 1 40 theme model 187:191 arg1 indomethacin 224:235 indomethacin 224:235 indomethacin (INM) 224:241 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 1 41 from effect 265:270 arg1 permeabilities 290:303 their apparent permeabilities 275:303 their apparent permeabilities 275:303 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 3 42 theme R2 905:906 arg1 value 908:912 an R2 value 902:912 an R2 value of 0.67942 902:923 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 0 43 from Effect 0:5 arg1 Permeability 46:57 the Permeability 42:57 the Permeability of Drugs 42:66 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 6 44 theme Fa 1148:1149 arg1 % 1150:1150 The Fa% 1144:1150 The Fa% from all the drug products 1144:1177 The Fa% from all the drug products was higher than 90%. 29922876 6 44 theme Fa 1148:1149 arg1 higher 1183:1188 higher 1183:1188 higher 1183:1188 The Fa% from all the drug products was higher than 90%. 29922876 2 45 from solution 588:595 arg1 % 526:526 80% 524:526 80% of Lipoid® S100 524:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 45 from solution 588:595 arg1 S100 539:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 45 from solution 588:595 arg1 % 550:550 20% 548:550 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 548:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 45 from solution 588:595 arg1 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 555:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 1 46 with complexation 308:319 arg1 cyclodextrins 326:338 cyclodextrins 326:338 cyclodextrins 326:338 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 2 47 theme S100 539:542 arg1 % 526:526 80% 524:526 80% of Lipoid® S100 524:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 47 theme S100 539:542 arg1 S100 539:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 47 theme S100 539:542 arg1 % 550:550 20% 548:550 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 548:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 47 theme S100 539:542 arg1 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 555:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 6 48 theme drug 1165:1168 arg1 products 1170:1177 all the drug products 1157:1177 all the drug products 1157:1177 The Fa% from all the drug products was higher than 90%. 29922876 2 49 from 37 ± 0.5°C 601:610 arg1 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 555:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 49 from 37 ± 0.5°C 601:610 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 1 50 theme drugs 193:197 arg1 permeability 167:178 the permeability 163:178 the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), 163:242 The aim of this work was to predict the permeability of two model drugs, sulfamerazine (SMR) and indomethacin (INM), and to determine the effect on their apparent permeabilities by complexation with cyclodextrins and/or meglumine or incorporation in microemulsions. 29922876 2 51 theme Lipoid® 531:537 arg1 S100 539:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Lipoid® S100 531:542 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 3 52 from percentages 868:878 arg1 humans 883:888 humans 883:888 humans 883:888 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 53 theme 0.67942 917:923 arg1 value 940:944 a constant value 929:944 a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8 929:959 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 53 theme 0.67942 917:923 arg1 value 908:912 an R2 value 902:912 an R2 value of 0.67942 902:923 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 4 54 theme Classification 1058:1071 arg1 System 1073:1078 the Biopharmaceutical Classification System 1036:1078 the Biopharmaceutical Classification System 1036:1078 SMR and INM were classified as Class II and I, respectively, according to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. 29922876 3 55 theme permeability 809:820 arg1 Papp 836:839 Papp 836:839 Papp 836:839 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 55 theme permeability 809:820 arg1 coefficients 822:833 the apparent permeability coefficients 796:833 the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) 796:840 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 3 56 theme exponential 764:774 arg1 correlation 776:786 an exponential correlation 761:786 an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%) 761:894 The predictive capacity of the permeability of passive diffusion absorbed compounds was evaluated using 20 drug standards and showed an exponential correlation between the apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) and the fraction absorbed percentages in humans (Fa%), with an R2 value of 0.67942 and a constant value of - 4.1 ± 0.8. 29922876 0 57 theme Drugs 62:66 arg1 Permeability 46:57 the Permeability 42:57 the Permeability of Drugs 42:66 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 2 58 from 14,000 rpm 616:625 arg1 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol 555:565 cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 555:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 58 from 14,000 rpm 616:625 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 2 59 theme new 472:474 arg1 composition 476:486 a new composition 470:486 a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm 470:625 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 29922876 0 60 dep Effect 0:5 arg1 Determination 69:81 Determination 69:81 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 0:125 Effect of Complexes and Microemulsions on the Permeability of Drugs: Determination Using a New Biomimetic Artificial Membrane. 29922876 2 61 from % 526:526 arg1 solution 588:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 n-octanol 10% w/w solution 570:595 Permeation experiments were performed using two-chamber diffusion cells with a new composition of bio-mimetic membrane composed of 80% of Lipoid® S100 and 20% of cholesterol in n-octanol 10% w/w solution, at 37 ± 0.5°C and 14,000 rpm. 31776397 0 0 theme antimicrobial 84:96 arg1 effect 98:103 Synergistic antimicrobial effect 72:103 Synergistic antimicrobial effect 72:103 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 4 1 theme ZnO 498:500 arg1 NPs 502:504 ZnO NPs 498:504 ZnO NPs 498:504 ZnO NPs were generated in the presence of ultrasounds directly on the surface of BC films. 31776397 5 2 theme ethanolic 641:649 arg1 EEP 670:672 EEP 670:672 EEP 670:672 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 2 theme ethanolic 641:649 arg1 extracts 660:667 ethanolic propolis extracts 641:667 ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) 641:673 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 1 3 theme future 156:161 arg1 applications 192:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications 156:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 156:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 0 4 theme Synergistic 72:82 arg1 effect 98:103 Synergistic antimicrobial effect 72:103 Synergistic antimicrobial effect 72:103 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 6 5 theme analysis 920:927 arg1 methods 929:935 The analysis methods 916:935 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) 916:1096 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 5 6 theme propolis 651:658 arg1 EEP 670:672 EEP 670:672 EEP 670:672 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 6 theme propolis 651:658 arg1 extracts 660:667 ethanolic propolis extracts 641:667 ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) 641:673 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 1 7 theme antimicrobial 163:175 arg1 applications 192:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications 156:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 156:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 5 8 theme propolis 728:735 arg1 composition 709:719 different concentrations.The composition 680:719 different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis 680:735 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 3 9 theme synergistic 402:412 arg1 effect 414:419 the synergistic effect 398:419 the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC 398:495 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 2 10 theme Gluconacetobacter 295:311 arg1 xylinum 313:319 Gluconacetobacter xylinum 295:319 Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate 295:366 BC is a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate. 31776397 8 11 theme films 1378:1382 arg1 effect 1348:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect 1318:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films 1318:1382 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31776397 4 12 theme films 582:586 arg1 surface 568:574 the surface 564:574 the surface of BC films 564:586 ZnO NPs were generated in the presence of ultrasounds directly on the surface of BC films. 31776397 6 13 theme electron 985:992 arg1 SEM 1006:1008 SEM 1006:1008 SEM 1006:1008 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 13 theme electron 985:992 arg1 microscopy 994:1003 scanning electron microscopy 976:1003 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 976:1009 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 8 14 theme antimicrobial 1322:1334 arg1 effect 1348:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect 1318:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films 1318:1382 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31776397 5 15 theme BC-ZnO 593:598 arg1 composites 600:609 The BC-ZnO composites 589:609 The BC-ZnO composites 589:609 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 16 theme BC 1169:1170 arg1 films 1172:1176 BC films 1169:1176 BC films 1169:1176 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 2 17 theme agricultural 335:346 arg1 wastes 348:353 food or agricultural wastes 327:353 food or agricultural wastes 327:353 BC is a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate. 31776397 3 18 theme extracts 472:479 arg1 effect 414:419 the synergistic effect 398:419 the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC 398:495 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 5 19 theme Trolox 875:880 arg1 capacity 905:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 19 theme Trolox 875:880 arg1 TEAC 869:872 TEAC 869:872 TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) 869:913 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 1 20 theme food 177:180 arg1 applications 192:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications 156:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 156:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 4 21 theme BC 579:580 arg1 films 582:586 BC films 579:586 BC films 579:586 ZnO NPs were generated in the presence of ultrasounds directly on the surface of BC films. 31776397 0 22 dep effect 98:103 arg1 films 20:24 Bacterial cellulose films 0:24 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts 0:69 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 1 23 theme packaging 182:190 arg1 applications 192:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications 156:203 future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 156:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 0 24 theme cellulose 10:18 arg1 films 20:24 Bacterial cellulose films 0:24 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts 0:69 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 5 25 theme gas-chromatography 775:792 arg1 GC-MS 813:817 GC-MS 813:817 GC-MS 813:817 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 25 theme gas-chromatography 775:792 arg1 mass-spectrometry 794:810 gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry 775:810 gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) 775:818 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 9 26 theme Gram-negative 1532:1544 arg1 cells 1561:1565 Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells 1532:1565 Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells 1532:1565 The experimental results revealed that BC-ZnO had no influence on Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells. 31776397 6 27 theme whole 1150:1154 arg1 structure 1156:1164 the whole structure 1146:1164 the whole structure of BC films 1146:1176 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 3 28 theme nanoparticles 435:447 arg1 effect 414:419 the synergistic effect 398:419 the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC 398:495 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 0 29 theme Bacterial 0:8 arg1 films 20:24 Bacterial cellulose films 0:24 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts 0:69 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 2 30 theme food 327:330 arg1 wastes 348:353 food or agricultural wastes 327:353 food or agricultural wastes 327:353 BC is a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate. 31776397 5 31 theme equivalent 882:891 arg1 capacity 905:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 31 theme equivalent 882:891 arg1 TEAC 869:872 TEAC 869:872 TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) 869:913 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 4 32 theme ultrasounds 540:550 arg1 presence 528:535 the presence 524:535 the presence of ultrasounds 524:550 ZnO NPs were generated in the presence of ultrasounds directly on the surface of BC films. 31776397 5 33 theme concentrations.The 690:707 arg1 composition 709:719 different concentrations.The composition 680:719 different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis 680:735 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 34 from embedded 1134:1141 arg1 structure 1156:1164 the whole structure 1146:1164 the whole structure of BC films 1146:1176 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 3 35 theme propolis 463:470 arg1 extracts 472:479 propolis extracts 463:479 propolis extracts 463:479 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 5 36 theme antioxidant 831:841 arg1 activity 843:850 the antioxidant activity 827:850 the antioxidant activity 827:850 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 37 theme scanning 976:983 arg1 SEM 1006:1008 SEM 1006:1008 SEM 1006:1008 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 37 theme scanning 976:983 arg1 microscopy 994:1003 scanning electron microscopy 976:1003 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 976:1009 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 9 38 contain had 1512:1514 arg1 BC-ZnO 1505:1510 BC-ZnO 1505:1510 BC-ZnO 1505:1510 The experimental results revealed that BC-ZnO had no influence on Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells. 31776397 9 38 contain had 1512:1514 arg2 influence 1519:1527 no influence 1516:1527 no influence 1516:1527 The experimental results revealed that BC-ZnO had no influence on Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells. 31776397 8 39 theme Candida 1448:1454 arg1 albicans 1456:1463 Candida albicans 1448:1463 Candida albicans 1448:1463 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31776397 7 40 theme X-ray 1235:1239 arg1 XPS 1262:1264 XPS 1262:1264 XPS 1262:1264 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 7 40 theme X-ray 1235:1239 arg1 spectroscopy 1248:1259 X-ray photon spectroscopy 1235:1259 X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) 1235:1265 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 8 41 theme BC-ZnO-propolis 1362:1376 arg1 films 1378:1382 the BC-ZnO-propolis films 1358:1382 the BC-ZnO-propolis films 1358:1382 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31776397 1 42 theme biodegradable 214:226 arg1 BC 249:250 BC 249:250 BC 249:250 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 1 42 theme biodegradable 214:226 arg1 cellulose 238:246 biodegradable bacterial cellulose 214:246 biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 214:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 3 43 theme zinc 424:427 arg1 nanoparticles 435:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles 424:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 424:457 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 3 43 theme zinc 424:427 arg1 NPs 454:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 6 44 from structure 1156:1164 arg1 embedded 1134:1141 embedded 1134:1141 embedded 1134:1141 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 7 45 theme photon 1241:1246 arg1 XPS 1262:1264 XPS 1262:1264 XPS 1262:1264 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 7 45 theme photon 1241:1246 arg1 spectroscopy 1248:1259 X-ray photon spectroscopy 1235:1259 X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) 1235:1265 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 6 46 theme X-ray 1073:1077 arg1 spectroscopy 1079:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 1055:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) 1055:1096 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 46 theme X-ray 1073:1077 arg1 EDX 1093:1095 EDX 1093:1095 EDX 1093:1095 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 1 47 theme bacterial 228:236 arg1 BC 249:250 BC 249:250 BC 249:250 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 1 47 theme bacterial 228:236 arg1 cellulose 238:246 biodegradable bacterial cellulose 214:246 biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 214:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 0 48 theme ZnO 31:33 arg1 nanoparticles 35:47 ZnO nanoparticles 31:47 ZnO nanoparticles 31:47 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 3 49 theme oxide 429:433 arg1 nanoparticles 435:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles 424:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 424:457 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 3 49 theme oxide 429:433 arg1 NPs 454:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 0 50 theme propolis 53:60 arg1 extracts 62:69 propolis extracts 53:69 propolis extracts 53:69 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 7 51 theme BC-ZnO-propolis 1183:1197 arg1 films 1199:1203 The BC-ZnO-propolis films 1179:1203 The BC-ZnO-propolis films 1179:1203 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 8 52 theme synergistic 1336:1346 arg1 effect 1348:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect 1318:1353 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films 1318:1382 The antimicrobial synergistic effect of the BC-ZnO-propolis films were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. 31776397 3 53 theme ZnO 450:452 arg1 nanoparticles 435:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles 424:447 zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 424:457 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 3 53 theme ZnO 450:452 arg1 NPs 454:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 ZnO NPs 450:456 In this work we investigated the synergistic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and propolis extracts deposited on BC. 31776397 0 54 with films 20:24 arg1 nanoparticles 35:47 ZnO nanoparticles 31:47 ZnO nanoparticles 31:47 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 0 54 with films 20:24 arg1 extracts 62:69 propolis extracts 53:69 propolis extracts 53:69 Bacterial cellulose films with ZnO nanoparticles and propolis extracts: Synergistic antimicrobial effect. 31776397 5 55 theme raw 724:726 arg1 propolis 728:735 raw propolis 724:735 raw propolis 724:735 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 56 theme BC-ZnO 950:955 arg1 composites 957:966 BC-ZnO composites 950:966 BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) 950:1096 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 56 theme BC-ZnO 950:955 arg1 analysis 1035:1042 thermo-gravimetrically analysis 1012:1042 thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA) 1012:1048 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 56 theme BC-ZnO 950:955 arg1 microscopy 994:1003 scanning electron microscopy 976:1003 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 976:1009 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 56 theme BC-ZnO 950:955 arg1 spectroscopy 1079:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 1055:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) 1055:1096 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 9 57 theme eukaryotic 1550:1559 arg1 cells 1561:1565 Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells 1532:1565 Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells 1532:1565 The experimental results revealed that BC-ZnO had no influence on Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells. 31776397 9 58 theme experimental 1470:1481 arg1 results 1483:1489 The experimental results 1466:1489 The experimental results 1466:1489 The experimental results revealed that BC-ZnO had no influence on Gram-negative and eukaryotic cells. 31776397 2 59 theme fermentation 262:273 arg1 product 275:281 a fermentation product 260:281 a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate 260:366 BC is a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate. 31776397 2 59 theme fermentation 262:273 arg1 BC 254:255 BC 254:255 BC 254:255 BC is a fermentation product obtained by Gluconacetobacter xylinum using food or agricultural wastes as substrate. 31776397 5 60 theme different 680:688 arg1 composition 709:719 different concentrations.The composition 680:719 different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis 680:735 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 61 theme films 1172:1176 arg1 structure 1156:1164 the whole structure 1146:1164 the whole structure of BC films 1146:1176 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 1 62 theme possible 133:140 arg1 materials 142:150 possible materials 133:150 possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC) 133:251 This study aimed to obtain possible materials for future antimicrobial food packaging applications based on biodegradable bacterial cellulose (BC). 31776397 7 63 theme surface 1295:1301 arg1 modifications 1303:1315 the surface modifications 1291:1315 the surface modifications 1291:1315 The BC-ZnO-propolis films were characterized by SEM and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) in order to investigate the surface modifications. 31776397 6 64 theme energy-dispersive 1055:1071 arg1 spectroscopy 1079:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 1055:1090 energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) 1055:1096 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 64 theme energy-dispersive 1055:1071 arg1 EDX 1093:1095 EDX 1093:1095 EDX 1093:1095 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 5 65 theme antioxidant 893:903 arg1 capacity 905:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity 875:912 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 5 65 theme antioxidant 893:903 arg1 TEAC 869:872 TEAC 869:872 TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) 869:913 The BC-ZnO composites were further impregnated with ethanolic propolis extracts (EEP) with different concentrations.The composition of raw propolis and EEP were previously determined by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS), while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity). 31776397 6 66 theme ZnO 1110:1112 arg1 NPs 1114:1116 ZnO NPs 1110:1116 ZnO NPs 1110:1116 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 67 theme thermo-gravimetrically 1012:1033 arg1 analysis 1035:1042 thermo-gravimetrically analysis 1012:1042 thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA) 1012:1048 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 31776397 6 67 theme thermo-gravimetrically 1012:1033 arg1 TGA 1045:1047 TGA 1045:1047 TGA 1045:1047 The analysis methods performed on BC-ZnO composites such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetrically analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved that ZnO NPs were formed and embedded in the whole structure of BC films. 29691746 5 0 theme flow 1038:1041 arg1 rate 1043:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 7 1 theme little 1338:1343 arg1 impact 1345:1350 little impact 1338:1350 little impact 1338:1350 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 4 2 theme curves 807:812 arg1 dependency 780:789 great dependency 774:789 great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions 774:838 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 7 3 theme environmental 1284:1296 arg1 water 1298:1302 environmental water 1284:1302 environmental water 1284:1302 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 1 4 theme fixed-bed 266:274 arg1 column 276:281 a fixed-bed column 264:281 a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water 264:319 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 4 5 theme column 760:765 arg1 dynamics 744:751 The dynamics 740:751 The dynamics of the column 740:765 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 3 6 theme bed 645:647 arg1 mass 649:652 bed mass 645:652 bed mass 645:652 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 4 7 theme great 774:778 arg1 dependency 780:789 great dependency 774:789 great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions 774:838 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 3 8 theme influent 669:676 arg1 concentration 678:690 influent concentration 669:690 influent concentration 669:690 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 8 9 theme significant 1694:1704 arg1 loss 1706:1709 any significant loss 1690:1709 any significant loss of capacity 1690:1721 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 7 10 theme treated 1452:1458 arg1 water 1460:1464 total treated water 1446:1464 total treated water 1446:1464 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 9 11 theme CBMnO 1751:1755 arg1 beads 1767:1771 CBMnO composite beads 1751:1771 CBMnO composite beads 1751:1771 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 6 12 theme column 1185:1190 arg1 performance 1192:1202 large-scale column performance 1173:1202 large-scale column performance 1173:1202 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 5 13 theme R 945:945 arg1 efficiency 933:942 the overall bed efficiency 917:942 the overall bed efficiency (R%) 917:947 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 13 theme R 945:945 arg1 % 946:946 R% 945:946 R% 945:946 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 3 14 dep The 572:574 arg1 extend 576:581 extend 576:581 extend 576:581 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 3 15 theme water 725:729 arg1 samples 731:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 6 16 theme breakthrough 1147:1158 arg1 curves 1160:1165 the breakthrough curves 1143:1165 the breakthrough curves 1143:1165 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 5 17 theme overall 921:927 arg1 efficiency 933:942 the overall bed efficiency 917:942 the overall bed efficiency (R%) 917:947 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 17 theme overall 921:927 arg1 % 946:946 R% 945:946 R% 945:946 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 7 18 theme bed 1549:1551 arg1 mass 1553:1556 5.0 g bed mass 1543:1556 5.0 g bed mass 1543:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 5 19 theme breakthrough 845:856 arg1 tb 864:865 tb 864:865 tb 864:865 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 19 theme breakthrough 845:856 arg1 time 858:861 The breakthrough time 841:861 The breakthrough time (tb) 841:866 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 2 20 theme photoelectron 465:477 arg1 XPS 493:495 XPS 493:495 XPS 493:495 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 2 20 theme photoelectron 465:477 arg1 spectroscopy 479:490 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 459:490 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 459:496 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 9 21 theme efficient 1788:1796 arg1 pathway 1809:1815 an efficient scavenging pathway 1785:1815 an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water 1785:1845 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 3 22 theme real 706:709 arg1 samples 731:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 6 23 theme time 1248:1251 arg1 model 1260:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 8 24 theme nitric 1611:1616 arg1 solution 1623:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution 1603:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h 1603:1641 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 7 25 contain had 1334:1336 arg1 ions 1329:1332 coexisting ions 1318:1332 coexisting ions 1318:1332 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 25 contain had 1334:1336 arg2 impact 1345:1350 little impact 1338:1350 little impact 1338:1350 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 26 theme breakthrough 1412:1423 arg1 qb 1435:1436 qb 1435:1436 qb 1435:1436 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 26 theme breakthrough 1412:1423 arg1 capacity 1425:1432 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity 1403:1432 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb) 1403:1437 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 6 27 theme depth 1234:1238 arg1 model 1260:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 5 28 theme bed 979:981 arg1 mass 983:986 bed mass 979:986 bed mass 979:986 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 1 29 theme oxide 177:181 arg1 beads 191:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 1 29 theme oxide 177:181 arg1 composite 127:135 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 5 30 theme exhaustion 873:882 arg1 ts 890:891 ts 890:891 ts 890:891 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 30 theme exhaustion 873:882 arg1 time 884:887 bed exhaustion time 869:887 bed exhaustion time (ts) 869:892 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 7 31 theme initial 1504:1510 arg1 concentration 1512:1524 an initial concentration 1501:1524 an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass 1501:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 0 32 from water 47:51 arg1 removal 34:40 manganese removal 24:40 manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 24:96 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 29691746 2 33 theme microscopy 375:384 arg1 techniques 498:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 1 34 from water 315:319 arg1 removal 291:297 the removal 287:297 the removal of Mn (II) from water 287:319 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 9 35 from pathway 1809:1815 arg1 water 1841:1845 polluted water 1832:1845 polluted water 1832:1845 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 2 36 theme scanning 357:364 arg1 SEM 387:389 SEM 387:389 SEM 387:389 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 2 36 theme scanning 357:364 arg1 microscopy 375:384 scanning electron microscopy 357:384 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 357:390 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 0 37 theme Fixed-bed 0:8 arg1 operation 10:18 Fixed-bed operation 0:18 Fixed-bed operation 0:18 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 29691746 2 38 theme N2 430:431 arg1 adsorption-desorption 433:453 N2 adsorption-desorption 430:453 N2 adsorption-desorption 430:453 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 0 39 theme chitosan/bentonite/MnO 59:80 arg1 beads 92:96 chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 59:96 chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 59:96 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 29691746 6 40 theme BDST 1254:1257 arg1 model 1260:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 7 41 theme Mn 1355:1356 arg1 removal 1363:1369 Mn (II) removal 1355:1369 Mn (II) removal 1355:1369 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 5 42 theme bed 895:897 arg1 qe 909:910 qe 909:910 qe 909:910 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 42 theme bed 895:897 arg1 capacity 899:906 bed capacity 895:906 bed capacity (qe) 895:911 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 43 theme influent 1029:1036 arg1 rate 1043:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 7 44 theme coexisting 1318:1327 arg1 ions 1329:1332 coexisting ions 1318:1332 coexisting ions 1318:1332 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 2 45 theme charge 541:546 arg1 point 527:531 the point 523:531 the point of zero charge (pHpzc) 523:554 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 3 46 theme flow 655:658 arg1 rate 660:663 flow rate 655:663 flow rate 655:663 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 6 47 theme Thomas 1108:1113 arg1 model 1115:1119 the Thomas model 1104:1119 the Thomas model 1104:1119 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 5 48 from increase 1012:1019 arg1 rate 1043:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 influent flow rate 1029:1046 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 48 from increase 1012:1019 arg1 concentration 1052:1064 concentration 1052:1064 concentration 1052:1064 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 8 49 theme capacity 1714:1721 arg1 loss 1706:1709 any significant loss 1690:1709 any significant loss of capacity 1690:1721 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 7 50 theme total 1446:1450 arg1 water 1460:1464 total treated water 1446:1464 total treated water 1446:1464 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 6 51 theme Non-linear 1067:1076 arg1 regression 1078:1087 Non-linear regression 1067:1087 Non-linear regression 1067:1087 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 9 52 theme composite 1757:1765 arg1 beads 1767:1771 CBMnO composite beads 1751:1771 CBMnO composite beads 1751:1771 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 6 53 theme large-scale 1173:1183 arg1 performance 1192:1202 large-scale column performance 1173:1202 large-scale column performance 1173:1202 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 8 54 theme exhausted 1563:1571 arg1 bed 1573:1575 The exhausted bed 1559:1575 The exhausted bed 1559:1575 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 1 55 theme new 123:125 arg1 composite 127:135 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 1 55 theme new 123:125 arg1 beads 191:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 4 56 theme process 821:827 arg1 conditions 829:838 the process conditions 817:838 the process conditions 817:838 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 4 57 theme breakthrough 794:805 arg1 curves 807:812 breakthrough curves 794:812 breakthrough curves 794:812 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 0 58 theme composite 82:90 arg1 beads 92:96 chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 59:96 chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 59:96 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 29691746 5 59 theme bed 929:931 arg1 efficiency 933:942 the overall bed efficiency 917:942 the overall bed efficiency (R%) 917:947 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 59 theme bed 929:931 arg1 % 946:946 R% 945:946 R% 945:946 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 1 60 theme adsorbent 137:145 arg1 composite 127:135 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 a new composite adsorbent 121:145 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 1 60 theme adsorbent 137:145 arg1 beads 191:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 7 61 theme mass 1553:1556 arg1 concentration 1512:1524 an initial concentration 1501:1524 an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass 1501:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 62 theme 6.0 mg/g 1403:1410 arg1 qb 1435:1436 qb 1435:1436 qb 1435:1436 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 62 theme 6.0 mg/g 1403:1410 arg1 capacity 1425:1432 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity 1403:1432 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb) 1403:1437 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 2 63 theme X-ray 459:463 arg1 XPS 493:495 XPS 493:495 XPS 493:495 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 2 63 theme X-ray 459:463 arg1 spectroscopy 479:490 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 459:490 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 459:496 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 9 64 theme scavenging 1798:1807 arg1 pathway 1809:1815 an efficient scavenging pathway 1785:1815 an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water 1785:1845 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 3 65 theme environmental 711:723 arg1 samples 731:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 real environmental water samples 706:737 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 6 66 theme service 1240:1246 arg1 model 1260:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 8 67 theme 0.001 M 1603:1609 arg1 solution 1623:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution 1603:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h 1603:1641 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 1 68 theme chitosan/bentonite/manganese 148:175 arg1 CBMnO 184:188 CBMnO 184:188 CBMnO 184:188 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 1 68 theme chitosan/bentonite/manganese 148:175 arg1 oxide 177:181 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide 148:181 chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads 148:195 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 7 69 theme 5.0 g 1543:1547 arg1 mass 1553:1556 5.0 g bed mass 1543:1556 5.0 g bed mass 1543:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 2 70 theme adsorption-desorption 433:453 arg1 techniques 498:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 6 71 theme bed 1230:1232 arg1 model 1260:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 the bed depth service time (BDST) model 1226:1264 Non-linear regression suggested that the Thomas model effectively described the breakthrough curves while large-scale column performance could be estimated by the bed depth service time (BDST) model. 29691746 4 72 from dependency 780:789 arg1 conditions 829:838 the process conditions 817:838 the process conditions 817:838 The dynamics of the column showed great dependency of breakthrough curves on the process conditions. 29691746 8 73 theme acid 1618:1621 arg1 solution 1623:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution 1603:1630 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h 1603:1641 The exhausted bed could be regenerated with 0.001 M nitric acid solution within 1 h, and the sorbent could be reused twice without any significant loss of capacity. 29691746 5 74 theme bed 869:871 arg1 ts 890:891 ts 890:891 ts 890:891 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 5 74 theme bed 869:871 arg1 time 884:887 bed exhaustion time 869:887 bed exhaustion time (ts) 869:892 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 7 75 theme 38.5 mg/L 1529:1537 arg1 concentration 1512:1524 an initial concentration 1501:1524 an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass 1501:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 2 76 theme spectroscopy 479:490 arg1 techniques 498:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 2 77 theme electron 366:373 arg1 SEM 387:389 SEM 387:389 SEM 387:389 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 2 77 theme electron 366:373 arg1 microscopy 375:384 scanning electron microscopy 357:384 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 357:390 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 9 78 theme polluted 1832:1839 arg1 water 1841:1845 polluted water 1832:1845 polluted water 1832:1845 The findings advocate that CBMnO composite beads can provide an efficient scavenging pathway for Mn (II) in polluted water. 29691746 0 79 theme manganese 24:32 arg1 removal 34:40 manganese removal 24:40 manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 24:96 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 29691746 3 80 dep investigated 621:632 arg1 varying 637:643 varying 637:643 varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration 637:690 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 3 80 dep investigated 621:632 arg1 using 700:704 using 700:704 using real environmental water samples 700:737 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 1 81 theme present 106:112 arg1 study 114:118 the present study 102:118 the present study 102:118 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 2 82 theme Fourier 393:399 arg1 techniques 498:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques 357:507 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 3 83 theme Mn 586:587 arg1 behaviour 607:615 Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour 586:615 Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour 586:615 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 7 84 with Experiments 1267:1277 arg1 water 1298:1302 environmental water 1284:1302 environmental water 1284:1302 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 7 85 theme bed 1474:1476 arg1 volumes 1478:1484 651 bed volumes 1470:1484 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass 1470:1556 Experiments with environmental water revealed that coexisting ions had little impact on Mn (II) removal, and it was possible to achieve 6.0 mg/g breakthrough capacity (qb), 4.0 L total treated water and 651 bed volumes processed with an initial concentration of 38.5 mg/L and 5.0 g bed mass. 29691746 5 86 from increase 967:974 arg1 mass 983:986 bed mass 979:986 bed mass 979:986 The breakthrough time (tb), bed exhaustion time (ts), bed capacity (qe) and the overall bed efficiency (R%) increased with an increase in bed mass, but decreased with the increase in both influent flow rate and concentration. 29691746 1 87 theme Mn 302:303 arg1 removal 291:297 the removal 287:297 the removal of Mn (II) from water 287:319 In the present study, a new composite adsorbent, chitosan/bentonite/manganese oxide (CBMnO) beads, cross-linked with tetraethyl-ortho-silicate (TEOS) was applied in a fixed-bed column for the removal of Mn (II) from water. 29691746 3 88 theme breakthrough 594:605 arg1 behaviour 607:615 Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour 586:615 Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour 586:615 The extend of Mn (II) breakthrough behaviour was investigated by varying bed mass, flow rate and influent concentration, and by using real environmental water samples. 29691746 2 89 dep Fourier 393:399 arg1 transform 401:409 transform 401:409 transform infra-red 401:419 The adsorbent was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, and moreover the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined. 29691746 0 90 dep operation 10:18 arg1 removal 34:40 manganese removal 24:40 manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads 24:96 Fixed-bed operation for manganese removal from water using chitosan/bentonite/MnO composite beads. 30189279 5 0 theme antimicrobial 1103:1115 arg1 activity 1117:1124 antimicrobial activity 1103:1124 antimicrobial activity 1103:1124 Different preparative ratios and conditions were investigated and the nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR, colloidal titration, size, zeta potential, and antimicrobial activity. 30189279 6 1 from composites 1167:1176 arg1 kinetics 1131:1138 The kinetics 1127:1138 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites 1127:1176 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites was studied in vitro. 30189279 6 1 from composites 1167:1176 arg1 release 1147:1153 the release 1143:1153 the release of L/X from composites 1143:1176 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites was studied in vitro. 30189279 2 2 theme oxidative 477:485 arg1 decomposition 487:499 oxidative decomposition 477:499 oxidative decomposition 477:499 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 5 3 theme colloidal 1056:1064 arg1 titration 1066:1074 colloidal titration 1056:1074 colloidal titration 1056:1074 Different preparative ratios and conditions were investigated and the nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR, colloidal titration, size, zeta potential, and antimicrobial activity. 30189279 1 4 theme tumor 335:339 arg1 antagonists 353:363 tumor development antagonists 335:363 tumor development antagonists 335:363 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 6 5 theme release 1147:1153 arg1 kinetics 1131:1138 The kinetics 1127:1138 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites 1127:1176 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites was studied in vitro. 30189279 5 6 theme Different 935:943 arg1 ratios 957:962 Different preparative ratios 935:962 Different preparative ratios 935:962 Different preparative ratios and conditions were investigated and the nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR, colloidal titration, size, zeta potential, and antimicrobial activity. 30189279 3 7 with biopolymer 599:608 arg1 spectrum 623:630 a broad spectrum 615:630 a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity 615:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 1 8 theme development 341:351 arg1 antagonists 353:363 tumor development antagonists 335:363 tumor development antagonists 335:363 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 5 9 theme preparative 945:955 arg1 ratios 957:962 Different preparative ratios 935:962 Different preparative ratios 935:962 Different preparative ratios and conditions were investigated and the nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR, colloidal titration, size, zeta potential, and antimicrobial activity. 30189279 4 10 theme Chitosan 732:739 arg1 nanoparticles 741:753 Chitosan nanoparticles 732:753 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) 732:759 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 4 10 theme Chitosan 732:739 arg1 CNP 756:758 CNP 756:758 CNP 756:758 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 1 11 theme other 258:262 arg1 agents 278:283 other antimicrobial agents 258:283 other antimicrobial agents 258:283 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 5 12 theme zeta 1083:1086 arg1 potential 1088:1096 zeta potential 1083:1096 zeta potential 1083:1096 Different preparative ratios and conditions were investigated and the nanoparticles obtained were characterized by FTIR, colloidal titration, size, zeta potential, and antimicrobial activity. 30189279 9 13 theme good 1461:1464 arg1 stability 1466:1474 good stability 1461:1474 good stability 1461:1474 All nanoparticles showed good stability over several months. 30189279 0 14 theme Antibacterial 0:12 arg1 extracts 18:25 Antibacterial hop extracts 0:25 Antibacterial hop extracts 0:25 Antibacterial hop extracts encapsulated in nanochitosan matrices. 30189279 1 15 theme food 167:170 arg1 preservatives 172:184 food preservatives 167:184 food preservatives 167:184 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 0 16 theme hop 14:16 arg1 extracts 18:25 Antibacterial hop extracts 0:25 Antibacterial hop extracts 0:25 Antibacterial hop extracts encapsulated in nanochitosan matrices. 30189279 1 17 theme antimicrobial 264:276 arg1 agents 278:283 other antimicrobial agents 258:283 other antimicrobial agents 258:283 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 2 18 theme bitter 441:446 arg1 taste 448:452 bitter taste 441:452 bitter taste 441:452 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 2 18 theme bitter 441:446 arg1 shortcomings 401:412 Their shortcomings 395:412 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition 395:499 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 3 19 theme hops 726:729 arg1 components 712:721 two components 708:721 two components of hops 708:729 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 6 20 from kinetics 1131:1138 arg1 composites 1167:1176 composites 1167:1176 composites 1167:1176 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites was studied in vitro. 30189279 2 21 theme low 420:422 arg1 bioavailability 424:438 very low bioavailability 415:438 very low bioavailability 415:438 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 2 21 theme low 420:422 arg1 shortcomings 401:412 Their shortcomings 395:412 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition 395:499 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 4 22 theme sodium 889:894 arg1 tripolyphosphate 896:911 sodium tripolyphosphate 889:911 sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) 889:917 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 4 22 theme sodium 889:894 arg1 TPP 914:916 TPP 914:916 TPP 914:916 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 1 23 theme angiogenesis 370:381 arg1 inhibitors 383:392 angiogenesis inhibitors 370:392 angiogenesis inhibitors 370:392 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 3 24 theme inexpensive 568:578 arg1 chitosan 555:562 nanosized chitosan 545:562 nanosized chitosan 545:562 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 3 24 theme inexpensive 568:578 arg1 biopolymer 599:608 an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer 565:608 an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity 565:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 0 25 theme nanochitosan 43:54 arg1 matrices 56:63 nanochitosan matrices 43:63 nanochitosan matrices 43:63 Antibacterial hop extracts encapsulated in nanochitosan matrices. 30189279 1 26 theme hormone 289:295 arg1 therapy 309:315 hormone replacement therapy 289:315 hormone replacement therapy 289:315 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 3 27 theme activity 649:656 arg1 spectrum 623:630 a broad spectrum 615:630 a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity 615:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 2 28 dep shortcomings 401:412 arg1 bioavailability 424:438 very low bioavailability 415:438 very low bioavailability 415:438 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 2 28 dep shortcomings 401:412 arg1 taste 448:452 bitter taste 441:452 bitter taste 441:452 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 2 28 dep shortcomings 401:412 arg1 susceptibility 459:472 susceptibility 459:472 susceptibility to oxidative decomposition 459:499 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 2 28 dep shortcomings 401:412 arg1 shortcomings 401:412 Their shortcomings 395:412 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition 395:499 Their shortcomings: very low bioavailability, bitter taste, and susceptibility to oxidative decomposition have limited their applications. 30189279 1 29 theme topical 207:213 arg1 applications 215:226 topical applications 207:226 topical applications on their own 207:239 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 1 30 theme replacement 297:307 arg1 therapy 309:315 hormone replacement therapy 289:315 hormone replacement therapy 289:315 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 4 31 theme ionotropic 863:872 arg1 gelation 874:881 ionotropic gelation 863:881 ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker 863:932 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 6 32 theme L/X 1158:1160 arg1 release 1147:1153 the release 1143:1153 the release of L/X from composites 1143:1176 The kinetics of the release of L/X from composites was studied in vitro. 30189279 8 33 theme Gram-positive 1412:1424 arg1 bacteria 1426:1433 Gram-positive bacteria 1412:1433 Gram-positive bacteria 1412:1433 Synergistic interactions were observed in all cases, although hops are known mainly for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 30189279 1 34 from applications 215:226 arg1 own 237:239 own 237:239 own 237:239 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 1 35 theme antibacterial 125:137 arg1 agents 139:144 antibacterial agents 125:144 antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors 125:392 Hops and the components extracted from them are well known antibacterial agents used in beers and as food preservatives, in formulations for topical applications on their own or together with other antimicrobial agents, in hormone replacement therapy, as antioxidants, tumor development antagonists, and angiogenesis inhibitors. 30189279 3 36 theme nanosized 545:553 arg1 chitosan 555:562 nanosized chitosan 545:562 nanosized chitosan 545:562 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 3 36 theme nanosized 545:553 arg1 biopolymer 599:608 an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer 565:608 an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity 565:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 3 37 theme antibacterial 635:647 arg1 activity 649:656 antibacterial activity 635:656 antibacterial activity 635:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 8 38 located observed 1331:1338 arg2 interactions 1313:1324 Synergistic interactions 1301:1324 Synergistic interactions 1301:1324 Synergistic interactions were observed in all cases, although hops are known mainly for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 30189279 8 38 located observed 1331:1338 arg1 cases 1347:1351 all cases 1343:1351 all cases 1343:1351 Synergistic interactions were observed in all cases, although hops are known mainly for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 30189279 9 39 theme several 1481:1487 arg1 months 1489:1494 several months 1481:1494 several months 1481:1494 All nanoparticles showed good stability over several months. 30189279 3 40 theme broad 617:621 arg1 spectrum 623:630 a broad spectrum 615:630 a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity 615:656 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30189279 7 41 theme Candida 1284:1290 arg1 strains 1292:1298 Candida strains 1284:1298 Candida strains 1284:1298 All the nanoparticles were active against several Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and Candida strains. 30189279 8 42 theme Synergistic 1301:1311 arg1 interactions 1313:1324 Synergistic interactions 1301:1324 Synergistic interactions 1301:1324 Synergistic interactions were observed in all cases, although hops are known mainly for their activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 30189279 4 43 theme chitosan-based 765:778 arg1 nanocomposites 780:793 chitosan-based nanocomposites 765:793 chitosan-based nanocomposites 765:793 Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and chitosan-based nanocomposites encapsulating lupulone (CNL) and xanthohumol (CNX) were prepared by ionotropic gelation using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. 30189279 3 44 dep inexpensive 568:578 arg1 available 589:597 available 589:597 available 589:597 We propose nanosized chitosan, an inexpensive, readily available biopolymer with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, as carrier for lupulone (L) and xanthohumol (X), two components of hops. 30977264 14 0 theme permanent 1821:1829 arg1 closure 1831:1837 permanent closure 1821:1837 permanent closure of oronasal fistula 1821:1857 These membranes are flexible, non-cytotoxic, and angiogenic, and we hope it should lead to permanent closure of oronasal fistula. 30977264 8 1 theme subcutaneous 1023:1034 arg1 implantation 1036:1047 subcutaneous implantation 1023:1047 subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks 1023:1077 In vivo biocompatibility was assessed by subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks. 30977264 10 2 theme MC3T3 1245:1249 arg1 cells 1251:1255 MC3T3 cells 1245:1255 MC3T3 cells 1245:1255 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 3 3 theme cell-free 279:287 arg1 material 306:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material 277:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas 277:343 Our aim was to develop a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas. 30977264 12 4 theme In 1437:1438 arg1 implantation 1445:1456 In vivo implantation 1437:1456 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats 1437:1477 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 13 5 theme composite 1665:1673 arg1 membrane 1683:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane 1629:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas 1629:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 4 6 theme functionalized 357:370 arg1 PU 398:399 PU 398:399 PU 398:399 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 4 6 theme functionalized 357:370 arg1 polyurethane 384:395 functionalized electrospun polyurethane 357:395 functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) 357:400 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 12 7 with comparable 1553:1562 arg1 repair 1587:1592 the native tissue repair 1569:1592 the native tissue repair (sham group) 1569:1605 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 12 7 with comparable 1553:1562 arg1 group 1600:1604 sham group 1595:1604 sham group 1595:1604 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 13 8 theme electrospun 1653:1663 arg1 membrane 1683:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane 1629:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas 1629:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 12 9 theme sham 1595:1598 arg1 repair 1587:1592 the native tissue repair 1569:1592 the native tissue repair (sham group) 1569:1605 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 12 9 theme sham 1595:1598 arg1 group 1600:1604 sham group 1595:1604 sham group 1595:1604 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 13 10 from use 1696:1698 arg1 treatment 1707:1715 the treatment 1703:1715 the treatment of fistulas 1703:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 13 11 theme polymer 1675:1681 arg1 membrane 1683:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane 1629:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas 1629:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 9 12 theme 0.47 1156:1159 arg1 diameters 1143:1151 fiber diameters 1137:1151 fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1137:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 8 13 from implantation 1036:1047 arg1 rats 1052:1055 rats 1052:1055 rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks 1052:1077 In vivo biocompatibility was assessed by subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks. 30977264 10 14 theme plasma-coated 1292:1304 arg1 membranes 1306:1314 plasma-coated membranes 1292:1314 plasma-coated membranes 1292:1314 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 8 15 theme In 982:983 arg1 biocompatibility 990:1005 In vivo biocompatibility 982:1005 In vivo biocompatibility 982:1005 In vivo biocompatibility was assessed by subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks. 30977264 7 16 theme chick 956:960 arg1 embryos 962:968 chick embryos 956:968 chick embryos 956:968 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 12 17 theme gross 1498:1502 arg1 toxicity 1504:1511 any gross toxicity 1494:1511 any gross toxicity to the materials 1494:1528 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 4 18 theme electrospun 372:382 arg1 PU 398:399 PU 398:399 PU 398:399 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 4 18 theme electrospun 372:382 arg1 polyurethane 384:395 functionalized electrospun polyurethane 357:395 functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) 357:400 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 10 19 theme cell 1209:1212 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 4 20 theme polymer 446:452 arg1 membranes 464:472 poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes 406:472 poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid 406:490 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 5 21 theme charged 593:599 arg1 layer 615:619 highly charged electrostatic layer 586:619 highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan 586:681 Membranes were treated in a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan. 30977264 1 22 theme oronasal 70:77 arg1 fistula 79:85 An oronasal fistula 67:85 An oronasal fistula 67:85 An oronasal fistula is a passage between the oral and nasal cavity. 30977264 1 22 theme oronasal 70:77 arg1 passage 92:98 a passage 90:98 a passage between the oral and nasal cavity 90:132 An oronasal fistula is a passage between the oral and nasal cavity. 30977264 4 23 with polyurethane 384:395 arg1 acid 487:490 acrylic acid 479:490 acrylic acid 479:490 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 4 24 theme composite 436:444 arg1 PU-PLLA 455:461 PU-PLLA 455:461 PU-PLLA 455:461 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 4 24 theme composite 436:444 arg1 polymer 446:452 composite polymer 436:452 composite polymer (PU-PLLA) 436:462 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 5 25 theme electrostatic 601:613 arg1 layer 615:619 highly charged electrostatic layer 586:619 highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan 586:681 Membranes were treated in a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan. 30977264 7 26 theme chorio-allantoic 927:942 arg1 membrane 944:951 the chorio-allantoic membrane 923:951 the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos 923:968 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 14 27 theme fistula 1851:1857 arg1 closure 1831:1837 permanent closure 1821:1837 permanent closure of oronasal fistula 1821:1857 These membranes are flexible, non-cytotoxic, and angiogenic, and we hope it should lead to permanent closure of oronasal fistula. 30977264 13 28 theme plasma-functionalized 1631:1651 arg1 membrane 1683:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane 1629:1690 a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas 1629:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 10 29 theme uncoated 1330:1337 arg1 membranes 1339:1347 uncoated membranes 1330:1347 uncoated membranes 1330:1347 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 8 30 dep In 982:983 arg1 vivo 985:988 vivo 985:988 vivo 985:988 In vivo biocompatibility was assessed by subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1, 3, and 6 weeks. 30977264 14 31 theme oronasal 1842:1849 arg1 fistula 1851:1857 oronasal fistula 1842:1857 oronasal fistula 1842:1857 These membranes are flexible, non-cytotoxic, and angiogenic, and we hope it should lead to permanent closure of oronasal fistula. 30977264 3 32 theme nasal 330:334 arg1 fistulas 336:343 nasal fistulas 330:343 nasal fistulas 330:343 Our aim was to develop a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas. 30977264 4 33 theme plasma 500:505 arg1 polymerization 507:520 plasma polymerization 500:520 plasma polymerization 500:520 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 6 34 theme characterization 757:772 arg1 techniques 774:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 The properties were evaluated through physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques. 30977264 5 35 theme layer-by-layer 551:564 arg1 approach 566:573 a layer-by-layer approach 549:573 a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan 549:681 Membranes were treated in a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan. 30977264 3 36 theme fistulas 336:343 arg1 closure 319:325 closure 319:325 closure of nasal fistulas 319:343 Our aim was to develop a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas. 30977264 12 37 theme native 1573:1578 arg1 repair 1587:1592 the native tissue repair 1569:1592 the native tissue repair (sham group) 1569:1605 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 12 37 theme native 1573:1578 arg1 group 1600:1604 sham group 1595:1604 sham group 1595:1604 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 4 38 theme acid 420:423 arg1 membranes 464:472 poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes 406:472 poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid 406:490 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 7 39 theme pre-osteoblast 821:834 arg1 lines 841:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 7 40 from membrane 944:951 arg1 embryos 962:968 chick embryos 956:968 chick embryos 956:968 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 4 41 theme poly-L-lactic 406:418 arg1 acid 420:423 poly-L-lactic acid 406:423 poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) 406:430 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 4 41 theme poly-L-lactic 406:418 arg1 PLLA 426:429 PLLA 426:429 PLLA 426:429 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 10 42 from 3 1260:1260 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 10 42 from 3 1260:1260 arg1 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 7 43 theme cell 836:839 arg1 lines 841:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 12 44 dep In 1437:1438 arg1 vivo 1440:1443 vivo 1440:1443 vivo 1440:1443 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 4 45 theme acrylic 479:485 arg1 acid 487:490 acrylic acid 479:490 acrylic acid 479:490 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 12 46 from implantation 1445:1456 arg1 rats 1474:1477 rats 1474:1477 rats 1474:1477 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 2 47 theme surgical 146:153 arg1 procedures 155:164 surgical procedures 146:164 surgical procedures 146:164 Currently, surgical procedures use mucosal flaps or collagen grafts to make a barrier between oral and nasal cavities. 30977264 0 48 theme composite 23:31 arg1 membrane 33:40 a synthetic composite membrane 11:40 a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair 11:64 Developing a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair. 30977264 6 49 theme mechanical 746:755 arg1 techniques 774:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 The properties were evaluated through physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques. 30977264 0 50 theme palate 52:57 arg1 repair 59:64 cleft palate repair 46:64 cleft palate repair 46:64 Developing a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair. 30977264 12 51 theme wound 1535:1539 arg1 healing 1541:1547 wound healing 1535:1547 wound healing 1535:1547 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 7 52 theme MC3T3 815:819 arg1 lines 841:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines 815:845 Cytotoxicity was tested with MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cell lines for 3, 7, and 14 days, and vasculogenesis was assessed by implantation into the chorio-allantoic membrane in chick embryos for 7 days. 30977264 10 53 from 7 1263:1263 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 10 53 from 7 1263:1263 arg1 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 9 54 theme random 1107:1112 arg1 fibers 1114:1119 random fibers 1107:1119 random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1107:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 4 55 with membranes 464:472 arg1 acid 487:490 acrylic acid 479:490 acrylic acid 479:490 We surface functionalized electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and composite polymer (PU-PLLA) membranes with acrylic acid through plasma polymerization. 30977264 0 56 theme cleft 46:50 arg1 repair 59:64 cleft palate repair 46:64 cleft palate repair 46:64 Developing a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair. 30977264 2 57 theme collagen 187:194 arg1 grafts 196:201 collagen grafts 187:201 collagen grafts 187:201 Currently, surgical procedures use mucosal flaps or collagen grafts to make a barrier between oral and nasal cavities. 30977264 13 58 theme fistulas 1720:1727 arg1 treatment 1707:1715 the treatment 1703:1715 the treatment of fistulas 1703:1727 We therefore present a plasma-functionalized electrospun composite polymer membrane for use in the treatment of fistulas. 30977264 10 59 from 14 days 1270:1276 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 10 59 from 14 days 1270:1276 arg1 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 5 60 theme pro-angiogenic 650:663 arg1 glycosaminoglycan 665:681 a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan 648:681 a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan 648:681 Membranes were treated in a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan. 30977264 5 60 theme pro-angiogenic 650:663 arg1 heparin 637:643 heparin 637:643 heparin 637:643 Membranes were treated in a layer-by-layer approach to develop highly charged electrostatic layer that could bind heparin as a pro-angiogenic glycosaminoglycan. 30977264 6 61 theme chemical 732:739 arg1 techniques 774:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 The properties were evaluated through physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques. 30977264 1 62 theme oral 112:115 arg1 cavity 127:132 the oral and nasal cavity 108:132 the oral and nasal cavity 108:132 An oronasal fistula is a passage between the oral and nasal cavity. 30977264 2 63 theme nasal 238:242 arg1 cavities 244:251 oral and nasal cavities 229:251 oral and nasal cavities 229:251 Currently, surgical procedures use mucosal flaps or collagen grafts to make a barrier between oral and nasal cavities. 30977264 12 64 theme membranes 1461:1469 arg1 implantation 1445:1456 In vivo implantation 1437:1456 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats 1437:1477 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 2 65 theme oral 229:232 arg1 cavities 244:251 oral and nasal cavities 229:251 oral and nasal cavities 229:251 Currently, surgical procedures use mucosal flaps or collagen grafts to make a barrier between oral and nasal cavities. 30977264 9 66 theme PLLA-PU 1124:1130 arg1 fibers 1114:1119 random fibers 1107:1119 random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1107:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 12 67 theme tissue 1580:1585 arg1 repair 1587:1592 the native tissue repair 1569:1592 the native tissue repair (sham group) 1569:1605 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 12 67 theme tissue 1580:1585 arg1 group 1600:1604 sham group 1595:1604 sham group 1595:1604 In vivo implantation of membranes in rats did not reveal any gross toxicity to the materials, and wound healing was comparable with the native tissue repair (sham group). 30977264 9 68 theme 0.12 μm 1165:1171 arg1 diameters 1143:1151 fiber diameters 1137:1151 fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1137:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 3 69 theme synthetic 289:297 arg1 material 306:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material 277:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas 277:343 Our aim was to develop a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas. 30977264 2 70 theme mucosal 170:176 arg1 flaps 178:182 mucosal flaps 170:182 mucosal flaps 170:182 Currently, surgical procedures use mucosal flaps or collagen grafts to make a barrier between oral and nasal cavities. 30977264 6 71 theme physical 722:729 arg1 techniques 774:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques 722:783 The properties were evaluated through physical, chemical, and mechanical characterization techniques. 30977264 1 72 theme nasal 121:125 arg1 cavity 127:132 the oral and nasal cavity 108:132 the oral and nasal cavity 108:132 An oronasal fistula is a passage between the oral and nasal cavity. 30977264 10 73 theme higher 1202:1207 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 9 74 with PLLA-PU 1124:1130 arg1 diameters 1143:1151 fiber diameters 1137:1151 fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1137:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 3 75 theme repair 299:304 arg1 material 306:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material 277:313 a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas 277:343 Our aim was to develop a cell-free synthetic repair material for closure of nasal fistulas. 30977264 0 76 theme synthetic 13:21 arg1 membrane 33:40 a synthetic composite membrane 11:40 a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair 11:64 Developing a synthetic composite membrane for cleft palate repair. 30977264 9 77 theme fiber 1137:1141 arg1 diameters 1143:1151 fiber diameters 1137:1151 fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively 1137:1185 The membranes consisted of random fibers of PLLA-PU with fiber diameters of 0.47 and 0.12 μm, respectively. 30977264 10 78 theme cells 1251:1255 arg1 proliferation 1214:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation 1188:1226 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 10 78 theme cells 1251:1255 arg1 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 migration 1232:1240 Significantly higher cell proliferation and migration of MC3T3 cells at 3, 7, and 14 days were shown on plasma-coated membranes compared with uncoated membranes. 30977264 11 79 theme plasma-coated 1377:1389 arg1 membranes 1391:1399 plasma-coated membranes 1377:1399 plasma-coated membranes 1377:1399 Further, it was found that plasma-coated membranes were more angiogenic than controls. 31235205 4 0 dep ultrasound 627:636 arg1 US 639:640 US 639:640 US 639:640 We have developed composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US). 31235205 6 1 theme pro-angiogenic 869:882 arg1 factor 891:896 a pro-angiogenic growth factor 867:896 a pro-angiogenic growth factor 867:896 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 9 2 theme z-planes 1408:1415 arg1 number 1398:1403 the number 1394:1403 the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV 1394:1442 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 8 3 from PFC 1207:1209 arg1 emulsion 1218:1225 the emulsion 1214:1225 the emulsion 1214:1225 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 10 4 with ARSs 1517:1520 arg1 perfluoropentane 1527:1542 perfluoropentane 1527:1542 perfluoropentane (C5) 1527:1547 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 10 4 with ARSs 1517:1520 arg1 emulsions 1573:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 10 4 with ARSs 1517:1520 arg1 C5 1545:1546 C5 1545:1546 C5 1545:1546 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 7 5 theme payload 1140:1146 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 5 theme payload 1140:1146 arg1 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion 1009:1053 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 5 theme payload 1140:1146 arg1 efficiency 1116:1125 the release efficiency 1104:1125 the release efficiency of a dextran payload 1104:1146 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 5 theme payload 1140:1146 arg1 matrix 1063:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 9 6 theme US 1420:1421 arg1 z-planes 1408:1415 z-planes 1408:1415 z-planes of US used to generate ADV 1408:1442 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 6 7 theme blood 941:945 arg1 formation 954:962 blood vessel formation 941:962 blood vessel formation 941:962 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 6 8 used used 840:843 arg2 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 6 8 used used 840:843 arg2 vaporization 817:828 acoustic droplet vaporization 800:828 acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) 800:834 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 8 9 theme emulsion 1269:1276 arg1 fraction 1257:1264 the volume fraction 1246:1264 the volume fraction of emulsion 1246:1276 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 1 10 used used 144:147 arg2 Hydrogels 121:129 Hydrogels 121:129 Hydrogels 121:129 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 13 11 used used 1975:1978 arg2 findings 1959:1966 these findings 1953:1966 these findings 1953:1966 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 13 12 from optimization 1984:1995 arg1 applications 2055:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 2 13 theme spatiotemporal 337:350 arg1 presentations 352:364 spatiotemporal presentations 337:364 spatiotemporal presentations 337:364 Regenerative processes are regulated by the concentrations and spatiotemporal presentations of these molecules. 31235205 4 14 theme composite 517:525 arg1 scaffolds 536:544 composite hydrogel scaffolds 517:544 composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US) 517:641 We have developed composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US). 31235205 7 15 theme fibrin 1056:1061 arg1 matrix 1063:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 16 theme impact 1078:1083 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 17 theme emulsion 1046:1053 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 17 theme emulsion 1046:1053 arg1 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion 1009:1053 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 17 theme emulsion 1046:1053 arg1 efficiency 1116:1125 the release efficiency 1104:1125 the release efficiency of a dextran payload 1104:1146 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 17 theme emulsion 1046:1053 arg1 matrix 1063:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 9 18 theme lateral 1475:1481 arg1 spacing 1483:1489 the lateral spacing 1471:1489 the lateral spacing 1471:1489 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 13 19 theme therapeutic 2043:2053 arg1 applications 2055:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 0 20 from Scaffolds 110:118 arg1 Study 11:15 Parametric Study 0:15 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 0:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 0 20 from Scaffolds 110:118 arg1 Release 73:79 Payload Release 65:79 Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds 65:118 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 5 21 theme payload-carrying 731:746 arg1 emulsion 778:785 a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion 729:785 a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion 729:785 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) consist of a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion. 31235205 0 22 theme Payload 65:71 arg1 Release 73:79 Payload Release 65:79 Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds 65:118 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 9 23 theme Payload 1290:1296 arg1 release 1298:1304 Payload release 1290:1304 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions 1290:1375 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 2 24 theme Regenerative 274:285 arg1 processes 287:295 Regenerative processes 274:295 Regenerative processes 274:295 Regenerative processes are regulated by the concentrations and spatiotemporal presentations of these molecules. 31235205 9 25 with ARSs 1311:1314 arg1 perfluoroheptane 1321:1336 perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions 1321:1375 perfluoroheptane 1321:1336 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 9 25 with ARSs 1311:1314 arg1 emulsions 1367:1375 perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions 1321:1375 emulsions 1367:1375 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 9 25 with ARSs 1311:1314 arg1 C8 1363:1364 C8 1363:1364 C8 1363:1364 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 9 25 with ARSs 1311:1314 arg1 C7 1339:1340 C7 1339:1340 C7 1339:1340 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 13 26 theme US 2019:2020 arg1 parameters 2022:2031 US parameters 2019:2031 US parameters 2019:2031 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 12 27 theme release 1861:1867 arg1 weight 1828:1833 the molecular weight 1814:1833 the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release 1814:1867 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 1 28 theme molecules 179:187 arg1 delivery 157:164 the delivery 153:164 the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration 153:271 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 4 29 theme payload 552:558 arg1 release 560:566 payload release 552:566 payload release 552:566 We have developed composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US). 31235205 11 30 dep C5 1701:1702 arg1 emulsions 1710:1718 emulsions 1710:1718 emulsions 1710:1718 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 7 31 theme present 980:986 arg1 study 988:992 the present study 976:992 the present study 976:992 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 10 32 theme US 1611:1612 arg1 parameters 1623:1632 these US exposure parameters 1605:1632 these US exposure parameters 1605:1632 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 0 33 theme Parametric 0:9 arg1 Study 11:15 Parametric Study 0:15 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 0:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 12 34 theme PFC. 1842:1845 arg1 release 1861:1867 the PFC. Non-selective release 1838:1867 the PFC. Non-selective release 1838:1867 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 5 35 theme acoustically-responsive 650:672 arg1 ARSs 685:688 ARSs 685:688 ARSs 685:688 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) consist of a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion. 31235205 5 35 theme acoustically-responsive 650:672 arg1 scaffolds 674:682 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds 644:682 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) 644:689 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) consist of a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion. 31235205 13 36 theme properties 2004:2013 arg1 optimization 1984:1995 optimization 1984:1995 optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications 1984:2066 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 3 37 theme delivery 430:437 arg1 parameters 439:448 these critical delivery parameters 415:448 these critical delivery parameters 415:448 With conventional hydrogels, these critical delivery parameters cannot be actively modulated after implantation. 31235205 9 38 theme perfluorooctane 1346:1360 arg1 emulsions 1367:1375 perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions 1321:1375 emulsions 1367:1375 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 9 38 theme perfluorooctane 1346:1360 arg1 C8 1363:1364 C8 1363:1364 C8 1363:1364 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 0 39 theme Droplet 29:35 arg1 Thresholds 50:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 12 40 theme molecular 1818:1826 arg1 weight 1828:1833 the molecular weight 1814:1833 the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release 1814:1867 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 4 41 theme on-demand 603:611 arg1 manner 613:618 an on-demand manner 600:618 an on-demand manner 600:618 We have developed composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US). 31235205 0 42 theme Thresholds 50:59 arg1 Study 11:15 Parametric Study 0:15 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 0:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 0 42 theme Thresholds 50:59 arg1 Release 73:79 Payload Release 65:79 Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds 65:118 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 12 43 theme ARS 1785:1787 arg1 expansion 1768:1776 The expansion 1764:1776 The expansion of the ARS after ADV 1764:1797 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 8 44 from weight 1193:1198 arg1 emulsion 1218:1225 the emulsion 1214:1225 the emulsion 1214:1225 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 6 45 theme acoustic 800:807 arg1 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 6 45 theme acoustic 800:807 arg1 vaporization 817:828 acoustic droplet vaporization 800:828 acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) 800:834 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 8 46 from emulsion 1218:1225 arg1 weight 1193:1198 the molecular weight 1179:1198 the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion 1179:1225 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 7 47 theme release 1108:1114 arg1 efficiency 1116:1125 the release efficiency 1104:1125 the release efficiency of a dextran payload 1104:1146 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 10 48 theme perfluorohexane 1552:1566 arg1 emulsions 1573:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 7 49 theme dextran 1132:1138 arg1 payload 1140:1146 a dextran payload 1130:1146 a dextran payload 1130:1146 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 8 50 theme molecular 1183:1191 arg1 weight 1193:1198 the molecular weight 1179:1198 the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion 1179:1225 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 6 51 theme vessel 947:952 arg1 formation 954:962 blood vessel formation 941:962 blood vessel formation 941:962 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 11 52 with ARSs 1691:1694 arg1 C6 1707:1708 C6 1707:1708 C6 1707:1708 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 11 52 with ARSs 1691:1694 arg1 C5 1701:1702 C5 1701:1702 C5 1701:1702 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 12 53 theme PFC 1912:1914 arg1 weight 1898:1903 the molecular weight 1884:1903 the molecular weight of the PFC 1884:1914 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 12 53 theme PFC 1912:1914 arg1 concentration 1929:1941 thrombin concentration 1920:1941 thrombin concentration 1920:1941 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 8 54 theme volume 1250:1255 arg1 fraction 1257:1264 the volume fraction 1246:1264 the volume fraction of emulsion 1246:1276 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 5 55 theme fibrin 704:709 arg1 matrix 711:716 a fibrin matrix 702:716 a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion 702:785 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) consist of a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion. 31235205 1 56 theme growth 201:206 arg1 factors 208:214 growth factors 201:214 growth factors 201:214 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 1 56 theme growth 201:206 arg1 molecules 179:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 8 57 theme PFC 1207:1209 arg1 weight 1193:1198 the molecular weight 1179:1198 the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion 1179:1225 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 10 58 theme C6 1569:1570 arg1 emulsions 1573:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1552:1581 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 12 59 theme thrombin 1920:1927 arg1 concentration 1929:1941 thrombin concentration 1920:1941 thrombin concentration 1920:1941 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 4 60 theme hydrogel 527:534 arg1 scaffolds 536:544 composite hydrogel scaffolds 517:544 composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US) 517:641 We have developed composite hydrogel scaffolds where payload release is non-invasively modulated, in an on-demand manner, using ultrasound (US). 31235205 7 61 theme ADV 1085:1087 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 1 62 theme capable 230:236 arg1 cytokines 220:228 cytokines 220:228 cytokines 220:228 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 1 62 theme capable 230:236 arg1 factors 208:214 growth factors 201:214 growth factors 201:214 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 1 62 theme capable 230:236 arg1 molecules 179:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 9 63 from ARSs 1311:1314 arg1 release 1298:1304 Payload release 1290:1304 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions 1290:1375 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 9 64 dep dependent 1381:1389 arg1 dependent 1458:1466 dependent 1458:1466 dependent 1458:1466 Payload release from ARSs with perfluoroheptane (C7) or perfluorooctane (C8) emulsions was dependent on the number of z-planes of US used to generate ADV and inversely dependent on the lateral spacing. 31235205 7 65 theme US 1075:1076 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 11 66 with ARSs 1734:1737 arg1 C8 1750:1751 C8 1750:1751 C8 1750:1751 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 11 66 with ARSs 1734:1737 arg1 C7 1744:1745 C7 1744:1745 C7 1744:1745 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 13 67 theme future 2036:2041 arg1 applications 2055:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 future therapeutic applications 2036:2066 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 7 68 dep assess 998:1003 arg1 thresholds 1089:1098 and US impact ADV thresholds 1071:1098 thresholds 1089:1098 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 68 dep assess 998:1003 arg1 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics 1009:1023 characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion 1009:1053 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 68 dep assess 998:1003 arg1 efficiency 1116:1125 the release efficiency 1104:1125 the release efficiency of a dextran payload 1104:1146 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 7 68 dep assess 998:1003 arg1 matrix 1063:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 fibrin matrix 1056:1068 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 11 69 dep C7 1744:1745 arg1 emulsions 1753:1761 emulsions 1753:1761 emulsions 1753:1761 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 7 70 theme monodispersed 1032:1044 arg1 emulsion 1046:1053 the monodispersed emulsion 1028:1053 the monodispersed emulsion 1028:1053 In the present study, we assess how characteristics of the monodispersed emulsion, fibrin matrix, and US impact ADV thresholds and the release efficiency of a dextran payload. 31235205 3 71 theme conventional 391:402 arg1 hydrogels 404:412 conventional hydrogels 391:412 conventional hydrogels 391:412 With conventional hydrogels, these critical delivery parameters cannot be actively modulated after implantation. 31235205 0 72 theme Acoustically-Responsive 86:108 arg1 Scaffolds 110:118 Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds 86:118 Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds 86:118 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 1 73 theme bioactive 169:177 arg1 cytokines 220:228 cytokines 220:228 cytokines 220:228 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 1 73 theme bioactive 169:177 arg1 factors 208:214 growth factors 201:214 growth factors 201:214 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 1 73 theme bioactive 169:177 arg1 molecules 179:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 bioactive molecules 169:187 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 6 74 theme factor 891:896 arg1 release 856:862 release 856:862 release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo 856:970 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 2 75 dep concentrations 318:331 arg1 the 314:316 the 314:316 the 314:316 Regenerative processes are regulated by the concentrations and spatiotemporal presentations of these molecules. 31235205 13 76 theme parameters 2022:2031 arg1 optimization 1984:1995 optimization 1984:1995 optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications 1984:2066 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 3 77 theme critical 421:428 arg1 parameters 439:448 these critical delivery parameters 415:448 these critical delivery parameters 415:448 With conventional hydrogels, these critical delivery parameters cannot be actively modulated after implantation. 31235205 10 78 theme exposure 1614:1621 arg1 parameters 1623:1632 these US exposure parameters 1605:1632 these US exposure parameters 1605:1632 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 13 79 theme ARS 2000:2002 arg1 properties 2004:2013 ARS properties 2000:2013 ARS properties 2000:2013 Overall, these findings can be used for optimization of ARS properties and US parameters in future therapeutic applications. 31235205 12 80 theme Non-selective 1847:1859 arg1 release 1861:1867 the PFC. Non-selective release 1838:1867 the PFC. Non-selective release 1838:1867 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 5 81 dep payload-carrying 731:746 arg1 double 771:776 double 771:776 double 771:776 These acoustically-responsive scaffolds (ARSs) consist of a fibrin matrix doped with a payload-carrying, perfluorocarbon (PFC) double emulsion. 31235205 0 82 theme Acoustic 20:27 arg1 Thresholds 50:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 0 83 theme Vaporization 37:48 arg1 Thresholds 50:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds 20:59 Parametric Study of Acoustic Droplet Vaporization Thresholds and Payload Release From Acoustically-Responsive Scaffolds. 31235205 10 84 from ARSs 1517:1520 arg1 release 1504:1510 release 1504:1510 release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions 1504:1581 Conversely, release from ARSs with perfluoropentane (C5) or perfluorohexane (C6) emulsions was less dependent on these US exposure parameters. 31235205 12 85 theme molecular 1888:1896 arg1 weight 1898:1903 the molecular weight 1884:1903 the molecular weight of the PFC 1884:1914 The expansion of the ARS after ADV decreased with the molecular weight of the PFC. Non-selective release increased with the molecular weight of the PFC and thrombin concentration. 31235205 11 86 theme payload 1646:1652 arg1 diffusion 1654:1662 payload diffusion 1646:1662 payload diffusion 1646:1662 After ADV, payload diffusion decreased significantly in ARSs with C5 or C6 emulsions compared with ARSs with C7 or C8 emulsions. 31235205 8 87 theme ADV 1149:1151 arg1 thresholds 1153:1162 ADV thresholds 1149:1162 ADV thresholds 1149:1162 ADV thresholds increased with the molecular weight of the PFC in the emulsion and inversely with the volume fraction of emulsion in the ARS. 31235205 6 88 theme droplet 809:815 arg1 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 ADV 831:833 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 6 88 theme droplet 809:815 arg1 vaporization 817:828 acoustic droplet vaporization 800:828 acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) 800:834 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 31235205 2 89 theme molecules 375:383 arg1 concentrations 318:331 concentrations 318:331 concentrations 318:331 Regenerative processes are regulated by the concentrations and spatiotemporal presentations of these molecules. 31235205 2 89 theme molecules 375:383 arg1 presentations 352:364 spatiotemporal presentations 337:364 spatiotemporal presentations 337:364 Regenerative processes are regulated by the concentrations and spatiotemporal presentations of these molecules. 31235205 1 90 theme tissue 253:258 arg1 regeneration 260:271 tissue regeneration 253:271 tissue regeneration 253:271 Hydrogels are commonly used for the delivery of bioactive molecules, especially growth factors and cytokines capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. 31235205 6 91 theme growth 884:889 arg1 factor 891:896 a pro-angiogenic growth factor 867:896 a pro-angiogenic growth factor 867:896 Previously, acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) was used to trigger release of a pro-angiogenic growth factor, encapsulated in the ARS, which stimulated blood vessel formation in vivo. 29700505 0 0 theme rats 79:82 arg1 hindgut 68:74 the hindgut 64:74 the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide 64:130 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 1 1 theme Maillard 309:316 arg1 reaction 318:325 Maillard reaction 309:325 Maillard reaction 309:325 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 7 2 with combination 1797:1807 arg1 peptides 1814:1821 peptides 1814:1821 peptides 1814:1821 These results may provide new strategies for oligosaccharides in combination with peptides to modulate the intestinal environment to promote human health. 29700505 3 3 theme propionate 771:780 arg1 levels 794:799 butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels 752:799 butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon 752:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 4 4 theme relative 1009:1016 arg1 abundance 1018:1026 the relative abundance 1005:1026 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold) 994:1083 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 4 theme relative 1009:1016 arg1 < 997:997 P < 0.05 995:1002 P < 0.05 995:1002 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 5 theme P 1105:1105 arg1 < 1107:1107 P < 0.05 1105:1112 P < 0.05 1105:1112 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 5 theme P 1105:1105 arg1 abundance 1128:1136 the relative abundance 1115:1136 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold) 1104:1195 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 3 6 theme production 681:690 arg1 pattern 665:671 the pattern 661:671 the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats 661:713 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 2 7 dep GOS 503:505 arg1 G-GOS/FP 544:551 G-GOS/FP 544:551 G-GOS/FP 544:551 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 2 7 dep GOS 503:505 arg1 °C 528:529 80 °C 525:529 80 °C for 120 min 525:541 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 5 8 theme peptide 1524:1530 arg1 fermentability 1497:1510 the fermentability 1493:1510 the fermentability of the fish peptide 1493:1530 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 1 9 from composition 374:384 arg1 rats 422:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 0 10 from Modifications 0:12 arg1 microbiota 21:30 gut microbiota 17:30 gut microbiota 17:30 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 0 10 from Modifications 0:12 arg1 metabolites 49:59 fermentation metabolites 36:59 fermentation metabolites 36:59 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 0 10 from Modifications 0:12 arg1 hindgut 68:74 the hindgut 64:74 the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide 64:130 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 6 11 theme GOS 1727:1729 arg1 activities 1713:1722 some prebiotic activities 1698:1722 some prebiotic activities of GOS 1698:1729 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 4 12 dep altered 949:955 arg1 increasing 983:992 increasing 983:992 increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold) 983:1083 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 12 dep altered 949:955 arg1 decreasing 1093:1102 decreasing 1093:1102 decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold) 1093:1195 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 3 13 theme butyrate 832:839 arg1 levels 841:846 the butyrate levels 828:846 the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon 828:872 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 13 theme butyrate 832:839 arg1 % 851:851 74% 849:851 74% 849:851 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 7 14 theme intestinal 1839:1848 arg1 environment 1850:1860 the intestinal environment 1835:1860 the intestinal environment to promote human health 1835:1884 These results may provide new strategies for oligosaccharides in combination with peptides to modulate the intestinal environment to promote human health. 29700505 6 15 theme glycation-induced 1558:1574 arg1 modification 1576:1587 the glycation-induced modification 1554:1587 the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments 1554:1621 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 3 16 theme SCFA 676:679 arg1 production 681:690 SCFA production 676:690 SCFA production 676:690 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 2 17 theme GOS 469:471 arg1 diet 497:500 GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet 469:500 GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet 469:500 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 1 18 theme colonic 334:340 arg1 properties 355:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 4 19 theme colonic 961:967 arg1 microbiota 969:978 the colonic microbiota 957:978 the colonic microbiota 957:978 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 6 20 from persistence 1647:1657 arg1 colon 1666:1670 the colon 1662:1670 the colon of the host 1662:1682 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 3 21 theme P 925:925 arg1 feces 918:922 feces 918:922 feces (P < 0.05) 918:933 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 21 theme P 925:925 arg1 < 927:927 P < 0.05 925:932 P < 0.05 925:932 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 1 22 theme fermentation 342:353 arg1 properties 355:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 2 23 theme GOS 450:452 arg1 diet 454:457 the GOS diet 446:457 the GOS diet 446:457 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 3 24 theme total 734:738 arg1 SCFA 740:743 the total SCFA 730:743 the total SCFA (44%) 730:749 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 24 theme total 734:738 arg1 % 748:748 44% 746:748 44% 746:748 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 25 from levels 841:846 arg1 colon 868:872 the distal colon 857:872 the distal colon 857:872 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 25 from levels 841:846 arg1 colon 817:821 the proximal colon 804:821 the proximal colon 804:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 26 theme ammonia 907:913 arg1 production 893:902 the production 889:902 the production of ammonia 889:913 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 4 27 theme relative 1119:1126 arg1 < 1107:1107 P < 0.05 1105:1112 P < 0.05 1105:1112 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 27 theme relative 1119:1126 arg1 abundance 1128:1136 the relative abundance 1115:1136 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold) 1104:1195 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 2 28 theme control 563:569 arg1 diet 576:579 control (CK) diet 563:579 control (CK) diet 563:579 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 6 29 theme fermentation 1634:1645 arg1 persistence 1647:1657 its fermentation persistence 1630:1657 its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host 1630:1682 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 2 30 theme GOS 503:505 arg1 diet 554:557 GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet 503:557 GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet 503:557 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 1 31 from properties 355:364 arg1 rats 422:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 3 32 theme GOS/FP 614:619 arg1 diet 621:624 the GOS/FP diet 610:624 the GOS/FP diet 610:624 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 33 theme proximal 808:815 arg1 colon 817:821 the proximal colon 804:821 the proximal colon 804:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 5 34 contain have 1430:1433 arg1 diet 1404:1407 the G-GOS/FP diet 1391:1407 the G-GOS/FP diet 1391:1407 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 5 34 contain have 1430:1433 arg2 effects 1441:1447 these effects 1435:1447 these effects 1435:1447 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 5 34 contain have 1430:1433 arg1 diet 1417:1420 GOS diet 1413:1420 GOS diet 1413:1420 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 1 35 theme research 178:185 arg1 aim 166:168 The aim 162:168 The aim of this research 162:185 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 36 theme -fish 266:270 arg1 peptide 272:278 galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide 238:278 galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide 238:278 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 6 37 theme GOS 1592:1594 arg1 modification 1576:1587 the glycation-induced modification 1554:1587 the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments 1554:1621 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 3 38 theme butyrate 752:759 arg1 levels 794:799 butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels 752:799 butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon 752:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 4 39 theme Alloprevotella 1141:1154 arg1 < 1107:1107 P < 0.05 1105:1112 P < 0.05 1105:1112 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 39 theme Alloprevotella 1141:1154 arg1 abundance 1128:1136 the relative abundance 1115:1136 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold) 1104:1195 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 0 40 theme gut 17:19 arg1 microbiota 21:30 gut microbiota 17:30 gut microbiota 17:30 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 0 41 theme galactooligosaccharide 109:130 arg1 consumption 94:104 the consumption 90:104 the consumption of galactooligosaccharide 90:130 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 4 42 theme Bifidobacterium 1241:1255 arg1 abundance 1228:1236 a similar relative abundance 1209:1236 a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP 1209:1282 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 0 43 theme fermentation 36:47 arg1 metabolites 49:59 fermentation metabolites 36:59 fermentation metabolites 36:59 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 6 44 theme prebiotic 1703:1711 arg1 activities 1713:1722 some prebiotic activities 1698:1722 some prebiotic activities of GOS 1698:1729 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 4 45 theme Holdemanella 1172:1183 arg1 < 1107:1107 P < 0.05 1105:1112 P < 0.05 1105:1112 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 45 theme Holdemanella 1172:1183 arg1 abundance 1128:1136 the relative abundance 1115:1136 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold) 1104:1195 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 7 46 theme new 1758:1760 arg1 strategies 1762:1771 new strategies 1758:1771 new strategies for oligosaccharides 1758:1792 These results may provide new strategies for oligosaccharides in combination with peptides to modulate the intestinal environment to promote human health. 29700505 3 47 theme G-GOS/FP 631:638 arg1 diet 640:643 the G-GOS/FP diet 627:643 the G-GOS/FP diet 627:643 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 2 48 theme mixture 480:486 arg1 diet 497:500 GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet 469:500 GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet 469:500 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 7 49 theme human 1873:1877 arg1 health 1879:1884 human health 1873:1884 human health 1873:1884 These results may provide new strategies for oligosaccharides in combination with peptides to modulate the intestinal environment to promote human health. 29700505 5 50 theme GOS/FP 1289:1294 arg1 diet 1296:1299 The GOS/FP diet 1285:1299 The GOS/FP diet 1285:1299 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 2 51 theme FP 477:478 arg1 mixture 480:486 FP mixture 477:486 FP mixture 477:486 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 4 52 theme Prevotella-9 1060:1071 arg1 abundance 1018:1026 the relative abundance 1005:1026 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold) 994:1083 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 52 theme Prevotella-9 1060:1071 arg1 < 997:997 P < 0.05 995:1002 P < 0.05 995:1002 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 53 theme Anaerovibrio 1031:1042 arg1 abundance 1018:1026 the relative abundance 1005:1026 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold) 994:1083 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 53 theme Anaerovibrio 1031:1042 arg1 < 997:997 P < 0.05 995:1002 P < 0.05 995:1002 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 5 54 theme G-GOS/FP 1395:1402 arg1 diet 1404:1407 the G-GOS/FP diet 1391:1407 the G-GOS/FP diet 1391:1407 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 3 55 theme distal 861:866 arg1 colon 868:872 the distal colon 857:872 the distal colon 857:872 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 1 56 theme conjugates 285:294 arg1 impact 210:215 the impact 206:215 the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats 206:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 0 57 theme fish 148:151 arg1 peptide 153:159 a fish peptide 146:159 a fish peptide 146:159 Modifications in gut microbiota and fermentation metabolites in the hindgut of rats after the consumption of galactooligosaccharide glycated with a fish peptide. 29700505 1 58 theme gut 389:391 arg1 microbiota 393:402 gut microbiota 389:402 gut microbiota 389:402 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 5 59 theme fish 1519:1522 arg1 peptide 1524:1530 the fish peptide 1515:1530 the fish peptide 1515:1530 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 6 60 theme mild 1599:1602 arg1 treatments 1612:1621 mild thermal treatments 1599:1621 mild thermal treatments 1599:1621 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 1 61 from impact 210:215 arg1 composition 374:384 the composition 370:384 the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats 370:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 61 from impact 210:215 arg1 properties 355:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 62 theme microbiota 393:402 arg1 composition 374:384 the composition 370:384 the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats 370:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 62 theme microbiota 393:402 arg1 properties 355:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 the colonic fermentation properties 330:364 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 2 63 theme CK 572:573 arg1 diet 576:579 control (CK) diet 563:579 control (CK) diet 563:579 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 4 64 theme relative 1219:1226 arg1 abundance 1228:1236 a similar relative abundance 1209:1236 a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP 1209:1282 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 3 65 theme rats 710:713 arg1 hindgut 699:705 the hindgut 695:705 the hindgut of rats 695:713 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 5 66 theme GOS 1413:1415 arg1 diet 1417:1420 GOS diet 1413:1420 GOS diet 1413:1420 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 3 67 from pattern 665:671 arg1 hindgut 699:705 the hindgut 695:705 the hindgut of rats 695:713 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 4 68 theme P 995:995 arg1 abundance 1018:1026 the relative abundance 1005:1026 (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold) 994:1083 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 4 68 theme P 995:995 arg1 < 997:997 P < 0.05 995:1002 P < 0.05 995:1002 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 3 69 from SCFA 740:743 arg1 colon 868:872 the distal colon 857:872 the distal colon 857:872 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 69 from SCFA 740:743 arg1 colon 817:821 the proximal colon 804:821 the proximal colon 804:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 4 70 theme similar 1211:1217 arg1 abundance 1228:1236 a similar relative abundance 1209:1236 a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP 1209:1282 The G-GOS/FP altered the colonic microbiota by increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio (7.43-fold) and Prevotella-9 (2.47-fold), and by decreasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Alloprevotella (0.57-fold) and Holdemanella (0.64-fold), and showed a similar relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, when compared with GOS/FP. 29700505 6 71 theme thermal 1604:1610 arg1 treatments 1612:1621 mild thermal treatments 1599:1621 mild thermal treatments 1599:1621 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 1 72 theme Sprague-Dawley 407:420 arg1 rats 422:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 Sprague-Dawley rats 407:425 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 5 73 theme Lactobacillus 1325:1337 arg1 intensity 1347:1355 the intensity 1343:1355 the intensity of fermentation 1343:1371 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 5 73 theme Lactobacillus 1325:1337 arg1 number 1315:1320 the number 1311:1320 the number of Lactobacillus 1311:1337 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 5 74 theme fermentation 1360:1371 arg1 intensity 1347:1355 the intensity 1343:1355 the intensity of fermentation 1343:1371 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 5 74 theme fermentation 1360:1371 arg1 number 1315:1320 the number 1311:1320 the number of Lactobacillus 1311:1337 The GOS/FP diet increased the number of Lactobacillus and the intensity of fermentation in the cecum, but the G-GOS/FP diet and GOS diet did not have these effects, showing that the glycation clearly altered the fermentability of the fish peptide. 29700505 2 75 theme FP 460:461 arg1 diet 463:466 FP diet 460:466 FP diet 460:466 The rats were fed the GOS diet, FP diet, GOS and FP mixture (GOS/FP) diet, GOS glycated with FP (80 °C for 120 min, G-GOS/FP) diet, or control (CK) diet for three weeks. 29700505 1 76 contain containing 227:236 arg1 diet 222:225 a diet 220:225 a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction 220:325 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 76 contain containing 227:236 arg1 FP 281:282 FP 281:282 FP 281:282 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 1 76 contain containing 227:236 arg2 peptide 272:278 galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide 238:278 galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide 238:278 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 29700505 3 77 from levels 794:799 arg1 colon 868:872 the distal colon 857:872 the distal colon 857:872 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 3 77 from levels 794:799 arg1 colon 817:821 the proximal colon 804:821 the proximal colon 804:821 Compared to the GOS/FP diet, the G-GOS/FP diet greatly changed the pattern of SCFA production in the hindgut of rats, by increasing the total SCFA (44%), butyrate (55%) and propionate (1.23-fold) levels in the proximal colon, and the butyrate levels (74%) in the distal colon, and decreased the production of ammonia in feces (P < 0.05). 29700505 6 78 theme host 1679:1682 arg1 colon 1666:1670 the colon 1662:1670 the colon of the host 1662:1682 It is concluded that the glycation-induced modification of GOS by mild thermal treatments showed its fermentation persistence in the colon of the host, and improved some prebiotic activities of GOS. 29700505 1 79 theme diet 222:225 arg1 conjugates 285:294 a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates 220:294 a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction 220:325 The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of a diet containing galactooligosaccharide (GOS)-fish peptide (FP) conjugates prepared via Maillard reaction on the colonic fermentation properties and the composition of gut microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats. 31792963 6 0 dep 2.75 years 1234:1243 arg1 age 1246:1248 age 1246:1248 age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure 1246:1299 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 7 1 theme thinner 1445:1451 arg1 diameter 1460:1467 a thinner fibril diameter 1443:1467 a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration 1443:1504 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 9 2 theme potential 1887:1895 arg1 reason 1897:1902 a potential reason 1885:1902 a potential reason for the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age 1885:1966 This may be a potential reason for the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age. 31792963 9 2 theme potential 1887:1895 arg1 This 1873:1876 This 1873:1876 This 1873:1876 This may be a potential reason for the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age. 31792963 4 3 theme fibril 629:634 arg1 thickness 636:644 tendon fibril thickness 622:644 tendon fibril thickness 622:644 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 4 theme age-related 1656:1666 arg1 phenomenon 1668:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon 1646:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1646:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 4 theme age-related 1656:1666 arg1 reduction 1548:1556 reduction 1548:1556 reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age 1548:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 3 5 theme young 545:549 arg1 horses 559:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 7 6 theme fibrils 1426:1432 arg1 fusion 1407:1412 the lateral fusion 1395:1412 the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils 1395:1432 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 9 7 theme higher 1912:1917 arg1 propensity 1919:1928 the higher propensity 1908:1928 the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age 1908:1966 This may be a potential reason for the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age. 31792963 8 8 theme greater 1690:1696 arg1 areas 1713:1717 greater fibril surface areas 1690:1717 greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1690:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 9 theme surface 1705:1711 arg1 areas 1713:1717 greater fibril surface areas 1690:1717 greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1690:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 10 theme collagen 897:904 arg1 analysis 922:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 Col5 727:730 Col5 727:730 Col5 727:730 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 tenascin-C 733:742 tenascin-C 733:742 tenascin-C 733:742 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 versican 767:774 versican 767:774 versican 767:774 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 genes 691:695 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 protein 819:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 scleraxis 777:785 scleraxis 777:785 scleraxis 777:785 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 Col3 721:724 Col3 721:724 Col3 721:724 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 decorin 745:751 decorin 745:751 decorin 745:751 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 11 theme tendon 675:680 arg1 tenomodulin 754:764 tenomodulin 754:764 tenomodulin 754:764 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 2 12 theme disease 295:301 arg1 pathophysiology 303:317 disease pathophysiology 295:317 disease pathophysiology 295:317 Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics. 31792963 5 13 theme qualitative 848:858 arg1 expression 882:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 4 14 theme genes 691:695 arg1 expression 657:666 the expression 653:666 the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 653:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 15 theme fibrillar 1734:1742 arg1 interaction 1744:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 16 theme quantitative 864:875 arg1 expression 882:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 17 theme digital 1059:1065 arg1 tendon 1074:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 8 18 theme interfascicular/interfibrillar 1834:1863 arg1 matrix 1865:1870 a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1824:1870 a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1824:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 19 from interface 1804:1812 arg1 interaction 1744:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 19 from interface 1804:1812 arg1 sliding 1768:1774 reduced sliding 1760:1774 reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1760:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 6 20 theme flexor 1259:1264 arg1 tendons 1266:1272 flexor tendons 1259:1272 flexor tendons 1259:1272 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 2 21 theme gene 255:258 arg1 expression 260:269 Altered gene expression 247:269 Altered gene expression 247:269 Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics. 31792963 1 22 theme tendon 130:135 arg1 composition 144:154 tendon matrix composition 130:154 tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury 130:244 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 8 23 from matrix 1865:1870 arg1 interaction 1744:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 23 from matrix 1865:1870 arg1 sliding 1768:1774 reduced sliding 1760:1774 reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1760:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 0 24 theme expression 63:72 arg1 changes 12:18 Age-related changes 0:18 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 0:73 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 5 25 theme diameter 913:920 arg1 analysis 922:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 6 26 theme decorin 1313:1319 arg1 expression 1321:1330 decorin expression 1313:1330 decorin expression 1313:1330 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 4 27 theme thickness 636:644 arg1 pattern 611:617 the distribution pattern 594:617 the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness 594:644 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 28 theme stiffer 1826:1832 arg1 matrix 1865:1870 a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1824:1870 a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1824:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 29 theme digital 1008:1014 arg1 tendon 984:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 29 theme digital 1008:1014 arg1 tendon 1023:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 0 30 theme Age-related 0:10 arg1 changes 12:18 Age-related changes 0:18 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 0:73 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 5 31 theme injured 969:975 arg1 tendon 984:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 31 theme injured 969:975 arg1 tendon 1023:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 1 32 theme matrix 137:142 arg1 composition 144:154 tendon matrix composition 130:154 tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury 130:244 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 3 33 theme tendon 489:494 arg1 micro-morphology 496:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 0 34 theme fibril 30:35 arg1 micro-morphology 37:52 tendon fibril micro-morphology 23:52 tendon fibril micro-morphology 23:52 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 4 35 from differences 579:589 arg1 expression 657:666 the expression 653:666 the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 653:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 35 from differences 579:589 arg1 pattern 611:617 the distribution pattern 594:617 the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness 594:644 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 7 36 theme decorin 1484:1490 arg1 concentration 1492:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 3 37 theme newborn 536:542 arg1 horses 559:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 5 38 theme deep 1054:1057 arg1 tendon 1074:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 4 39 theme cartilage 791:799 arg1 genes 691:695 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 39 theme cartilage 791:799 arg1 protein 819:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 2 40 theme new 333:335 arg1 perspectives 337:348 new perspectives 333:348 new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics 333:401 Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics. 31792963 7 41 theme fibril 1453:1458 arg1 diameter 1460:1467 a thinner fibril diameter 1443:1467 a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration 1443:1504 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 8 42 theme tendon 1561:1566 arg1 diameters 1575:1583 tendon fibril diameters 1561:1583 tendon fibril diameters 1561:1583 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 4 43 theme matrix 812:817 arg1 genes 691:695 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 43 theme matrix 812:817 arg1 protein 819:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 3 44 theme old 555:557 arg1 horses 559:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 newborn, young and old horses 536:564 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 8 45 theme diameters 1575:1583 arg1 phenomenon 1668:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon 1646:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1646:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 45 theme diameters 1575:1583 arg1 reduction 1548:1556 reduction 1548:1556 reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age 1548:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 2 46 theme pathophysiology-driven 367:388 arg1 therapeutics 390:401 pathophysiology-driven therapeutics 367:401 pathophysiology-driven therapeutics 367:401 Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics. 31792963 4 47 theme tendon 622:627 arg1 thickness 636:644 tendon fibril thickness 622:644 tendon fibril thickness 622:644 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 48 theme natural 1648:1654 arg1 phenomenon 1668:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon 1646:1677 a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1646:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 48 theme natural 1648:1654 arg1 reduction 1548:1556 reduction 1548:1556 reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age 1548:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 7 49 theme collagen 1417:1424 arg1 fibrils 1426:1432 collagen fibrils 1417:1432 collagen fibrils 1417:1432 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 7 50 theme lateral 1399:1405 arg1 fusion 1407:1412 the lateral fusion 1395:1412 the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils 1395:1432 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 8 51 theme equine 1602:1607 arg1 tendons 1609:1615 equine tendons 1602:1615 equine tendons with increasing age 1602:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 52 with comparison 1034:1043 arg1 tendon 1074:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 6 53 theme 2.75 years 1234:1243 arg1 horses 1224:1229 horses 1224:1229 horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older 1224:1310 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 7 54 with diameter 1460:1467 arg1 concentration 1492:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 5 55 theme gene 877:880 arg1 expression 882:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression 846:891 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 4 56 theme collagen 697:704 arg1 type 706:709 collagen type 1 697:711 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 56 theme collagen 697:704 arg1 Col1 714:717 Col1 714:717 Col1 714:717 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 57 with tendons 1609:1615 arg1 age 1633:1635 increasing age 1622:1635 increasing age 1622:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 58 theme fibril 1698:1703 arg1 areas 1713:1717 greater fibril surface areas 1690:1717 greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1690:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 1 59 theme tendon 188:193 arg1 properties 204:213 tendon material properties 188:213 tendon material properties 188:213 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 1 60 theme properties 204:213 arg1 alteration 174:183 alteration 174:183 alteration of tendon material properties 174:213 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 1 60 theme properties 204:213 arg1 propensity 225:234 propensity 225:234 propensity to injury 225:244 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 Col5 727:730 Col5 727:730 Col5 727:730 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 tenascin-C 733:742 tenascin-C 733:742 tenascin-C 733:742 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 versican 767:774 versican 767:774 versican 767:774 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 genes 691:695 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 protein 819:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 scleraxis 777:785 scleraxis 777:785 scleraxis 777:785 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 Col3 721:724 Col3 721:724 Col3 721:724 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 decorin 745:751 decorin 745:751 decorin 745:751 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 61 theme relevant 682:689 arg1 tenomodulin 754:764 tenomodulin 754:764 tenomodulin 754:764 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 8 62 theme increased 1724:1732 arg1 interaction 1744:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 63 theme flexor 1067:1072 arg1 tendon 1074:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 the deep digital flexor tendon 1050:1079 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 2 64 theme Altered 247:253 arg1 expression 260:269 Altered gene expression 247:269 Altered gene expression 247:269 Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology-driven therapeutics. 31792963 8 65 theme reduced 1760:1766 arg1 sliding 1768:1774 reduced sliding 1760:1774 reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1760:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 5 66 theme fibril 906:911 arg1 analysis 922:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 collagen fibril diameter analysis 897:929 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 6 67 theme higher 1177:1182 arg1 level 1184:1188 a higher level 1175:1188 a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) 1175:1214 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 68 from level 1184:1188 arg1 age ≤ 6 months 1200:1213 age ≤ 6 months 1200:1213 age ≤ 6 months 1200:1213 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 68 from level 1184:1188 arg1 foals 1193:1197 foals 1193:1197 foals (age ≤ 6 months) 1193:1214 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 8 69 theme fascicular/fibrillar 1783:1802 arg1 interface 1804:1812 the fascicular/fibrillar interface 1779:1812 the fascicular/fibrillar interface 1779:1812 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 1 70 theme material 195:202 arg1 properties 204:213 tendon material properties 188:213 tendon material properties 188:213 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 5 71 theme superficial 996:1006 arg1 tendon 984:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 71 theme superficial 996:1006 arg1 tendon 1023:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 8 72 with areas 1713:1717 arg1 interaction 1744:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 increased fibrillar interaction 1724:1754 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 8 72 with areas 1713:1717 arg1 sliding 1768:1774 reduced sliding 1760:1774 reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix 1760:1870 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 6 73 theme analyzed 1087:1094 arg1 genes 1096:1100 Most analyzed genes 1082:1100 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) 1082:1155 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 3 74 theme current 419:425 arg1 study 427:431 the current study 415:431 the current study 415:431 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 4 75 theme distribution 598:609 arg1 pattern 611:617 the distribution pattern 594:617 the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness 594:644 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 3 76 theme occurring 464:472 arg1 differences 474:484 naturally occurring differences 454:484 naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses 454:564 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 0 77 theme tendon 23:28 arg1 micro-morphology 37:52 tendon fibril micro-morphology 23:52 tendon fibril micro-morphology 23:52 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 1 78 from changes 119:125 arg1 composition 144:154 tendon matrix composition 130:154 tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury 130:244 Aging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. 31792963 5 79 theme equine 977:982 arg1 tendon 984:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 79 theme equine 977:982 arg1 tendon 1023:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 8 80 theme study 1527:1531 arg1 results 1511:1517 The results 1507:1517 The results of this study 1507:1531 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 tenascin-C 1121:1130 tenascin-C 1121:1130 tenascin-C 1121:1130 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 Col1 1103:1106 Col1 1103:1106 Col1 1103:1106 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 Col3 1109:1112 Col3 1109:1112 Col3 1109:1112 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 tenomodulin 1133:1143 tenomodulin 1133:1143 tenomodulin 1133:1143 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 scleraxis 1146:1154 scleraxis 1146:1154 scleraxis 1146:1154 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 6 81 dep genes 1096:1100 arg1 Col5 1115:1118 Col5 1115:1118 Col5 1115:1118 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 3 82 theme gene 517:520 arg1 expression 522:531 gene expression 517:531 gene expression 517:531 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 0 83 theme micro-morphology 37:52 arg1 changes 12:18 Age-related changes 0:18 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 0:73 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 4 84 dep genes 691:695 arg1 type 706:709 collagen type 1 697:711 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 84 dep genes 691:695 arg1 Col1 714:717 Col1 714:717 Col1 714:717 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 85 theme Age-related 567:577 arg1 differences 579:589 Age-related differences 567:589 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 567:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 6 86 theme older 1306:1310 arg1 horses 1224:1229 horses 1224:1229 horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older 1224:1310 Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older, decorin expression increased with age. 31792963 0 87 theme gene 58:61 arg1 expression 63:72 gene expression 58:72 gene expression 58:72 Age-related changes of tendon fibril micro-morphology and gene expression. 31792963 8 88 theme increasing 1622:1631 arg1 age 1633:1635 increasing age 1622:1635 increasing age 1622:1635 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 7 89 theme increased 1474:1482 arg1 concentration 1492:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 increased decorin concentration 1474:1504 Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. 31792963 5 90 theme flexor 1016:1021 arg1 tendon 984:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 the most frequently injured equine tendon 949:989 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 5 90 theme flexor 1016:1021 arg1 tendon 1023:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 the superficial digital flexor tendon 992:1028 A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. 31792963 8 91 theme fibril 1568:1573 arg1 diameters 1575:1583 tendon fibril diameters 1561:1583 tendon fibril diameters 1561:1583 The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age-related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. 31792963 4 92 theme oligomeric 801:810 arg1 genes 691:695 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1) 671:718 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 4 92 theme oligomeric 801:810 arg1 protein 819:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 791:825 Age-related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genes collagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin-C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxis and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were investigated. 31792963 3 93 from differences 474:484 arg1 micro-morphology 496:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 3 93 from differences 474:484 arg1 expression 522:531 gene expression 517:531 gene expression 517:531 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 3 94 theme horses 559:564 arg1 micro-morphology 496:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 tendon micro-morphology 489:511 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31792963 3 94 theme horses 559:564 arg1 expression 522:531 gene expression 517:531 gene expression 517:531 Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro-morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. 31707845 4 0 theme cytotoxic 598:606 arg1 activities 608:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 3 1 dep composition 291:301 arg1 the 278:280 the 278:280 the 278:280 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 7 2 theme suitable 993:1000 arg1 candidate 1002:1010 suitable candidate 993:1010 suitable candidate for further studies 993:1030 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 6 3 theme type 906:909 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 4 theme main 871:874 arg1 components 876:885 the main components 867:885 the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 867:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 4 theme main 871:874 arg1 disulfide 844:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 821:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) 821:860 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 4 theme main 871:874 arg1 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene (33.4%) 781:796 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 4 theme main 871:874 arg1 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene (16.3%) 799:814 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 4 5 theme mass 642:645 arg1 types 647:651 paste and mass types 632:651 paste and mass types 632:651 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 3 6 theme bitter 355:360 arg1 oils 377:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 6 7 theme oil 935:937 arg1 components 876:885 the main components 867:885 the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 867:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 7 theme oil 935:937 arg1 disulfide 844:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 821:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) 821:860 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 7 theme oil 935:937 arg1 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene (33.4%) 781:796 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 7 theme oil 935:937 arg1 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene (16.3%) 799:814 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 5 8 theme main 750:753 arg1 disulfide 713:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide 690:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) 690:729 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 8 theme main 750:753 arg1 components 755:764 main components 750:764 main components of paste type 750:778 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 8 theme main 750:753 arg1 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene (27.8%) 668:683 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 7 9 theme tear 969:972 arg1 one 974:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 7 10 theme essential 945:953 arg1 one 974:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 5 11 theme -propenyl-sec-butyl 693:711 arg1 disulfide 713:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide 690:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) 690:729 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 11 theme -propenyl-sec-butyl 693:711 arg1 % 728:728 24.2% 724:728 24.2% 724:728 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 11 theme -propenyl-sec-butyl 693:711 arg1 components 755:764 main components 750:764 main components of paste type 750:778 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 11 theme -propenyl-sec-butyl 693:711 arg1 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene (27.8%) 668:683 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 3 12 theme natural 389:395 arg1 habitat 397:403 the natural habitat 385:403 the natural habitat of Southwest Iran 385:421 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 3 13 theme antibacterial 307:319 arg1 effects 321:327 antibacterial effects 307:327 antibacterial effects 307:327 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 6 14 theme mass 901:904 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 15 theme Z 822:822 arg1 disulfide 844:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 821:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) 821:860 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 15 theme Z 822:822 arg1 % 859:859 16.1% 855:859 16.1% 855:859 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 15 theme Z 822:822 arg1 components 876:885 the main components 867:885 the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 867:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 15 theme Z 822:822 arg1 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene (16.3%) 799:814 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 15 theme Z 822:822 arg1 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene (33.4%) 781:796 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 3 16 theme types 346:350 arg1 composition 291:301 chemical composition 282:301 chemical composition 282:301 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 3 16 theme types 346:350 arg1 effects 321:327 antibacterial effects 307:327 antibacterial effects 307:327 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 4 17 theme antibacterial 566:578 arg1 activities 608:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 0 18 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 4 19 theme paste 632:636 arg1 types 647:651 paste and mass types 632:651 paste and mass types 632:651 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 20 theme high 561:564 arg1 activities 608:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 0 21 theme biological 25:34 arg1 effects 36:42 biological effects 25:42 biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida 25:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 6 22 theme sec-butyl 834:842 arg1 disulfide 844:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 821:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) 821:860 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 22 theme sec-butyl 834:842 arg1 % 859:859 16.1% 855:859 16.1% 855:859 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 22 theme sec-butyl 834:842 arg1 components 876:885 the main components 867:885 the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 867:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 22 theme sec-butyl 834:842 arg1 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene (16.3%) 799:814 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 22 theme sec-butyl 834:842 arg1 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene (33.4%) 781:796 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 3 23 theme Iran 418:421 arg1 habitat 397:403 the natural habitat 385:403 the natural habitat of Southwest Iran 385:421 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 3 24 theme different 336:344 arg1 types 346:350 the different types 332:350 the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils 332:380 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 2 25 theme gum 154:156 arg1 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 2 25 theme gum 154:156 arg1 oleoresin 158:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin 134:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) 134:173 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 0 26 dep types 63:67 arg1 tear 70:73 tear 70:73 tear 70:73 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 26 dep types 63:67 arg1 types 63:67 three different types 47:67 three different types (tear, paste, and mass) 47:91 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 26 dep types 63:67 arg1 paste 76:80 paste 76:80 paste 76:80 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 26 dep types 63:67 arg1 mass 87:90 mass 87:90 mass 87:90 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 2 27 used used 192:195 arg2 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 2 27 used used 192:195 arg2 oleoresin 158:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin 134:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) 134:173 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 4 28 theme tear 531:534 arg1 oil 551:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 3 29 theme essential 367:375 arg1 oils 377:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 5 30 theme paste 769:773 arg1 type 775:778 paste type 769:778 paste type 769:778 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 0 31 theme Ferula 103:108 arg1 assa-foetida 110:121 bitter Ferula assa-foetida 96:121 bitter Ferula assa-foetida 96:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 2 32 theme assa-foetida 141:152 arg1 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 2 32 theme assa-foetida 141:152 arg1 oleoresin 158:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin 134:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) 134:173 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 4 33 theme essential 541:549 arg1 oil 551:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 34 theme oil 551:553 arg1 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene (38.2%) 424:439 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 34 theme oil 551:553 arg1 disulfide 469:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 446:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) 446:485 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 34 theme oil 551:553 arg1 components 501:510 the main components 492:510 the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 492:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 3 35 theme oils 377:380 arg1 types 346:350 the different types 332:350 the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils 332:380 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 0 36 theme bitter 96:101 arg1 assa-foetida 110:121 bitter Ferula assa-foetida 96:121 bitter Ferula assa-foetida 96:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 2 37 theme Ferula 134:139 arg1 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 FAGO 169:172 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 2 37 theme Ferula 134:139 arg1 oleoresin 158:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin 134:166 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) 134:173 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 7 38 theme FAGO 940:943 arg1 one 974:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 3 39 theme Southwest 408:416 arg1 Iran 418:421 Southwest Iran 408:421 Southwest Iran 408:421 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 0 40 theme different 53:61 arg1 tear 70:73 tear 70:73 tear 70:73 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 40 theme different 53:61 arg1 types 63:67 three different types 47:67 three different types (tear, paste, and mass) 47:91 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 40 theme different 53:61 arg1 paste 76:80 paste 76:80 paste 76:80 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 40 theme different 53:61 arg1 mass 87:90 mass 87:90 mass 87:90 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 4 41 theme Z 447:447 arg1 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene (38.2%) 424:439 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 41 theme Z 447:447 arg1 components 501:510 the main components 492:510 the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 492:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 41 theme Z 447:447 arg1 disulfide 469:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 446:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) 446:485 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 41 theme Z 447:447 arg1 % 484:484 12.4% 480:484 12.4% 480:484 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 6 42 theme -propenyl 824:832 arg1 disulfide 844:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 821:852 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) 821:860 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 42 theme -propenyl 824:832 arg1 % 859:859 16.1% 855:859 16.1% 855:859 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 42 theme -propenyl 824:832 arg1 components 876:885 the main components 867:885 the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 867:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 42 theme -propenyl 824:832 arg1 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene 799:806 β-pinene (16.3%) 799:814 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 42 theme -propenyl 824:832 arg1 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene 781:788 α-pinene (33.4%) 781:796 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 6 43 theme gum 911:913 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 3 44 theme FAGO 362:365 arg1 oils 377:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 bitter FAGO essential oils 355:380 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 4 45 theme sec-butyl 459:467 arg1 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene (38.2%) 424:439 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 45 theme sec-butyl 459:467 arg1 components 501:510 the main components 492:510 the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 492:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 45 theme sec-butyl 459:467 arg1 disulfide 469:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 446:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) 446:485 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 45 theme sec-butyl 459:467 arg1 % 484:484 12.4% 480:484 12.4% 480:484 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 0 46 theme assa-foetida 110:121 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 46 theme assa-foetida 110:121 arg1 effects 36:42 biological effects 25:42 biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida 25:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 4 47 theme main 496:499 arg1 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene (38.2%) 424:439 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 47 theme main 496:499 arg1 disulfide 469:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 446:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) 446:485 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 47 theme main 496:499 arg1 components 501:510 the main components 492:510 the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 492:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 48 with components 501:510 arg1 activities 608:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 3 49 from effects 321:327 arg1 habitat 397:403 the natural habitat 385:403 the natural habitat of Southwest Iran 385:421 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 4 50 theme -propenyl 449:457 arg1 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene 424:431 α-pinene (38.2%) 424:439 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 50 theme -propenyl 449:457 arg1 components 501:510 the main components 492:510 the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 492:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 50 theme -propenyl 449:457 arg1 disulfide 469:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide 446:477 (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) 446:485 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 50 theme -propenyl 449:457 arg1 % 484:484 12.4% 480:484 12.4% 480:484 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 2 51 theme ailments 224:231 arg1 treatment 201:209 treatment 201:209 treatment of different ailments 201:231 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 0 52 dep Linn 123:126 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 52 dep Linn 123:126 arg1 effects 36:42 biological effects 25:42 biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida 25:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 6 53 theme essential 925:933 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 3 54 theme article 254:260 arg1 subject 238:244 The subject 234:244 The subject of this article 234:260 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 2 55 theme different 214:222 arg1 ailments 224:231 different ailments 214:231 different ailments 214:231 Ferula assa-foetida gum oleoresin (FAGO) is traditionally used for treatment of different ailments. 31707845 6 56 theme asafoetida 890:899 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 5 57 theme type 775:778 arg1 disulfide 713:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide 690:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) 690:729 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 57 theme type 775:778 arg1 components 755:764 main components 750:764 main components of paste type 750:778 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 57 theme type 775:778 arg1 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene (27.8%) 668:683 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 3 58 theme chemical 282:289 arg1 composition 291:301 chemical composition 282:301 chemical composition 282:301 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 3 59 from composition 291:301 arg1 habitat 397:403 the natural habitat 385:403 the natural habitat of Southwest Iran 385:421 The subject of this article was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the different types of bitter FAGO essential oils in the natural habitat of Southwest Iran. 31707845 4 60 theme type 536:539 arg1 oil 551:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 4 61 theme anti-biofilm 581:592 arg1 activities 608:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities 561:617 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 31707845 0 62 theme types 63:67 arg1 composition 9:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition 0:19 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 0 62 theme types 63:67 arg1 effects 36:42 biological effects 25:42 biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida 25:121 Chemical composition and biological effects of three different types (tear, paste, and mass) of bitter Ferula assa-foetida Linn. 31707845 6 63 theme oleoresin 915:923 arg1 oil 935:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil 890:937 α-pinene (33.4%), β-pinene (16.3%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (16.1%) were the main components of asafoetida mass type gum oleoresin essential oil. 31707845 5 64 theme Z 691:691 arg1 disulfide 713:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide 690:721 (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) 690:729 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 64 theme Z 691:691 arg1 % 728:728 24.2% 724:728 24.2% 724:728 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 64 theme Z 691:691 arg1 components 755:764 main components 750:764 main components of paste type 750:778 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 5 64 theme Z 691:691 arg1 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene 668:675 α-pinene (27.8%) 668:683 α-pinene (27.8%), and (Z)-propenyl-sec-butyl disulfide (24.2%) were identified as main components of paste type. 31707845 7 65 theme oil 955:957 arg1 one 974:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one 940:976 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 7 66 theme further 1016:1022 arg1 studies 1024:1030 further studies 1016:1030 further studies 1016:1030 FAGO essential oil specially tear one could serve as suitable candidate for further studies. 31707845 4 67 theme F. 515:516 arg1 oil 551:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil 515:553 α-pinene (38.2%), and (Z)-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (12.4%) were the main components of F. assa-foetida tear type essential oil, with high antibacterial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic activities, followed by paste and mass types, respectively. 30394086 1 0 link cross-linked 101:112 arg1 aerogels 142:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels 90:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes 90:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 5 1 theme mechanical 947:956 arg1 resilience 958:967 the mechanical resilience 943:967 the mechanical resilience of the aerogels 943:983 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 8 2 theme plain 1713:1717 arg1 aerogel 1719:1725 the plain aerogel 1709:1725 the plain aerogel 1709:1725 This composite material displayed a 10-times higher elastic modulus compared to that of the plain aerogel without drastically increasing the density. 30394086 1 3 theme freeze-drying 289:301 arg1 activation 247:256 activation 247:256 activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying 247:301 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 9 4 theme structure 1880:1888 arg1 functionalization 1844:1860 functionalization 1844:1860 functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels 1844:1920 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 6 5 with aerogel 1232:1238 arg1 surfaces 1249:1256 all surfaces 1245:1256 all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole 1245:1306 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 2 6 theme simple 335:340 arg1 bodies 372:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 The aerogel shapes ranged from simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies to swirls and solenoids. 30394086 2 7 theme geometrical 342:352 arg1 bodies 372:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 The aerogel shapes ranged from simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies to swirls and solenoids. 30394086 3 8 theme periodate 448:456 arg1 dispersion 494:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion 446:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 446:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 9 9 theme advanced 1822:1829 arg1 shaping 1831:1837 advanced shaping 1822:1837 advanced shaping 1822:1837 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 7 10 theme toucan 1493:1498 arg1 bird 1500:1503 a toucan bird 1491:1503 a toucan bird 1491:1503 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 5 11 dep ability 863:869 arg1 form 874:877 form 874:877 to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying 871:921 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 7 12 theme beak 1483:1486 arg1 interior 1448:1455 porous interior 1441:1455 porous interior 1441:1455 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 7 12 theme beak 1483:1486 arg1 exterior 1467:1474 stiff exterior 1461:1474 stiff exterior 1461:1474 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 9 13 theme possible 1947:1954 arg1 use 1956:1958 the possible use 1943:1958 the possible use of CNF aerogels 1943:1974 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 9 14 theme CNF aerogels 1963:1974 arg1 use 1956:1958 the possible use 1943:1958 the possible use of CNF aerogels 1943:1974 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 4 15 theme new 751:753 arg1 cross-links 755:765 new cross-links 751:765 new cross-links formed between CNFs brought into contact by the deformation during reshaping 751:842 The new shapes were most likely retained by new cross-links formed between CNFs brought into contact by the deformation during reshaping. 30394086 6 16 theme polypyrrole 1296:1306 arg1 film 1277:1280 a thin film 1270:1280 a thin film of conducting polypyrrole 1270:1306 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 5 17 theme aerogels 976:983 arg1 resilience 958:967 the mechanical resilience 943:967 the mechanical resilience of the aerogels 943:983 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 6 18 theme electromagnetic 1380:1394 arg1 properties 1396:1405 electromagnetic properties 1380:1405 electromagnetic properties 1380:1405 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 6 19 theme conducting 1285:1294 arg1 polypyrrole 1296:1306 conducting polypyrrole 1285:1306 conducting polypyrrole 1285:1306 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 7 20 theme molded 1595:1600 arg1 surfaces 1611:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 3 21 theme prepared 585:592 arg1 aerogel 594:600 an already prepared aerogel 574:600 an already prepared aerogel 574:600 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 1 22 theme freeze-linking 198:211 arg1 procedure 213:221 a freeze-linking procedure 196:221 a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying 196:301 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 5 23 theme self-healing 850:861 arg1 ability 863:869 This self-healing ability 845:869 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying 845:921 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 1 24 with aerogels 142:149 arg1 shapes 164:169 complex shapes 156:169 complex shapes 156:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 1 25 theme cross-linked 101:112 arg1 aerogels 142:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels 90:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes 90:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 7 26 theme bird 1500:1503 arg1 beak 1483:1486 the beak 1479:1486 the beak of a toucan bird 1479:1503 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 0 27 theme Cross-Linked 0:11 arg1 Substrates 37:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates 0:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 0:88 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 6 28 theme available 1171:1179 arg1 structure 1187:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure 1150:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels 1150:1211 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 7 29 theme stiff 1461:1465 arg1 exterior 1467:1474 stiff exterior 1461:1474 stiff exterior 1461:1474 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 9 30 theme inner 1874:1878 arg1 structure 1880:1888 the inner structure 1870:1888 the inner structure 1870:1888 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 4 31 theme new 711:713 arg1 shapes 715:720 The new shapes 707:720 The new shapes 707:720 The new shapes were most likely retained by new cross-links formed between CNFs brought into contact by the deformation during reshaping. 30394086 0 32 theme Porous 27:32 arg1 Substrates 37:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates 0:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 0:88 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 2 33 theme three-dimensional 354:370 arg1 bodies 372:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies 335:377 The aerogel shapes ranged from simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies to swirls and solenoids. 30394086 3 34 theme chemical 514:521 arg1 cross-linking 523:535 chemical cross-linking 514:535 chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 514:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 0 35 theme Shapeable 17:25 arg1 Substrates 37:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates 0:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 0:88 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 7 36 theme external 1602:1609 arg1 surfaces 1611:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 3 37 theme new 696:698 arg1 shape 700:704 its new shape 692:704 its new shape 692:704 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 1 38 theme nanocellulose 128:140 arg1 aerogels 142:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels 90:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes 90:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 3 39 theme cellulose 467:475 arg1 CNF 489:491 CNF 489:491 CNF 489:491 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 3 39 theme cellulose 467:475 arg1 nanofibril 477:486 oxidized cellulose nanofibril 458:486 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 446:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 8 40 theme higher 1666:1671 arg1 modulus 1681:1687 a 10-times higher elastic modulus 1655:1687 a 10-times higher elastic modulus 1655:1687 This composite material displayed a 10-times higher elastic modulus compared to that of the plain aerogel without drastically increasing the density. 30394086 7 41 theme wax 1576:1578 arg1 coating 1580:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating 1555:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces 1555:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 5 42 theme mechanical 1101:1110 arg1 integrity 1112:1120 mechanical integrity 1101:1120 mechanical integrity 1101:1120 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 6 43 theme thin 1272:1275 arg1 film 1277:1280 a thin film 1270:1280 a thin film of conducting polypyrrole 1270:1306 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 7 44 theme porous 1441:1446 arg1 interior 1448:1455 porous interior 1441:1455 porous interior 1441:1455 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 3 45 theme prior 505:509 arg1 dispersion 494:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion 446:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 446:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 0 46 theme 3D 34:35 arg1 Substrates 37:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates 0:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 0:88 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 6 47 theme shapeability 1154:1165 arg1 structure 1187:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure 1150:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels 1150:1211 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 3 48 theme nanofibril 477:486 arg1 dispersion 494:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion 446:503 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 446:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 0 49 from Nanofibrils 77:87 arg1 Substrates 37:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates 0:46 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 0:88 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 7 50 from coating 1580:1586 arg1 surfaces 1611:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 its molded external surfaces 1591:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 0 51 theme Freeze-Linked 53:65 arg1 Nanofibrils 77:87 Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils 53:87 Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils 53:87 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 7 52 theme stiff 1570:1574 arg1 coating 1580:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating 1555:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces 1555:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 6 53 theme magnetic 1330:1337 arg1 field 1339:1343 a magnetic field 1328:1343 a magnetic field inside the solenoid 1328:1363 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 3 54 theme regular 542:548 arg1 freezer 550:556 a regular freezer 540:556 a regular freezer 540:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 3 55 theme oxidized 458:465 arg1 CNF 489:491 CNF 489:491 CNF 489:491 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 3 55 theme oxidized 458:465 arg1 nanofibril 477:486 oxidized cellulose nanofibril 458:486 a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 446:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 8 56 theme composite 1626:1634 arg1 material 1636:1643 This composite material 1621:1643 This composite material 1621:1643 This composite material displayed a 10-times higher elastic modulus compared to that of the plain aerogel without drastically increasing the density. 30394086 7 57 theme 300 1557:1559 arg1 μm 1561:1562 μm 1561:1562 μm 1561:1562 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 7 58 theme μm 1561:1562 arg1 coating 1580:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating 1555:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces 1555:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 5 59 theme integrity 1112:1120 arg1 retention 1088:1096 good retention 1083:1096 good retention of mechanical integrity 1083:1120 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 9 60 theme surface 1898:1904 arg1 functionalization 1844:1860 functionalization 1844:1860 functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels 1844:1920 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 3 61 dep achieved 413:420 arg1 extruding 436:444 extruding 436:444 extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer 436:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 3 61 dep achieved 413:420 arg1 molding 425:431 molding 425:431 molding 425:431 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 3 61 dep achieved 413:420 arg1 reshaping 564:572 reshaping 564:572 reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape 564:704 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 5 62 theme dry 1033:1035 arg1 state 1037:1041 the dry state 1029:1041 the dry state 1029:1041 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 2 63 theme aerogel 308:314 arg1 shapes 316:321 The aerogel shapes 304:321 The aerogel shapes 304:321 The aerogel shapes ranged from simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies to swirls and solenoids. 30394086 3 64 from cross-linking 523:535 arg1 freezer 550:556 a regular freezer 540:556 a regular freezer 540:556 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 1 65 theme complex 156:162 arg1 shapes 164:169 complex shapes 156:169 complex shapes 156:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 1 66 theme porous 121:126 arg1 aerogels 142:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels 90:149 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes 90:169 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 6 67 theme aerogels 1204:1211 arg1 structure 1187:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure 1150:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels 1150:1211 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 5 68 theme good 1083:1086 arg1 retention 1088:1096 good retention 1083:1096 good retention of mechanical integrity 1083:1120 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 6 69 theme solenoid-shaped 1216:1230 arg1 able 1312:1315 able 1312:1315 able 1312:1315 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 6 69 theme solenoid-shaped 1216:1230 arg1 aerogel 1232:1238 a solenoid-shaped aerogel 1214:1238 a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole 1214:1306 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 3 70 from structure 622:630 arg1 water 635:639 water 635:639 water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape 635:704 This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. 30394086 1 71 theme cross-linking 261:273 arg1 reactions 275:283 cross-linking reactions 261:283 cross-linking reactions 261:283 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 5 72 theme new 879:881 arg1 bonds 883:887 new bonds 879:887 new bonds 879:887 This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. 30394086 9 73 theme aerogels 1913:1920 arg1 structure 1880:1888 the inner structure 1870:1888 the inner structure 1870:1888 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 9 73 theme aerogels 1913:1920 arg1 surface 1898:1904 the surface 1894:1904 the surface of the aerogels 1894:1920 These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels. 30394086 1 74 theme reactions 275:283 arg1 activation 247:256 activation 247:256 activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying 247:301 Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. 30394086 0 75 theme Cellulose 67:75 arg1 Nanofibrils 77:87 Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils 53:87 Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils 53:87 Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils. 30394086 6 76 theme inner 1181:1185 arg1 structure 1187:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure 1150:1195 the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels 1150:1211 Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. 30394086 7 77 theme thick 1564:1568 arg1 coating 1580:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating 1555:1586 a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces 1555:1618 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 7 78 dep interior 1448:1455 arg1 the 1437:1439 the 1437:1439 the 1437:1439 Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. 30394086 8 79 theme elastic 1673:1679 arg1 modulus 1681:1687 a 10-times higher elastic modulus 1655:1687 a 10-times higher elastic modulus 1655:1687 This composite material displayed a 10-times higher elastic modulus compared to that of the plain aerogel without drastically increasing the density. 31307013 6 0 theme N347 1374:1377 arg1 absence 1348:1354 the absence 1344:1354 the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution 1344:1408 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 3 1 theme specific 713:720 arg1 N347 742:745 at N347 739:745 at N347 within the RCL 739:760 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 1 theme specific 713:720 arg1 sites 722:726 specific sites 713:726 specific sites 713:726 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 4 2 theme congenital 860:869 arg1 disorders 871:879 congenital disorders 860:879 congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 860:902 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 3 3 theme Molecular 609:617 arg1 analyses 660:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 6 4 gly N-glycosylation 1267:1281 arg2 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 6 4 gly N-glycosylation 1267:1281 arg1 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 3 5 theme capacity 799:806 arg1 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 5 theme capacity 799:806 arg1 assay 808:812 steroid-binding capacity assay 783:812 steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) 783:818 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 4 6 theme defects 969:975 arg1 examples 941:948 examples 941:948 examples of N-glycosylation defects 941:975 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 4 6 theme defects 969:975 arg1 Plasma 834:839 Plasma 834:839 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 834:902 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 2 7 dep unable 440:445 arg1 sought 481:486 sought 481:486 sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG 481:585 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 2 7 dep unable 440:445 arg1 verify 450:455 verify 450:455 to verify this biochemically 447:474 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 10 8 theme CDG 1719:1721 arg1 defects 1723:1729 CDG defects 1719:1729 CDG defects identified recently 1719:1749 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 1 9 from Discrepancies 89:101 arg1 measurements 112:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 3 10 gly glycopeptide 647:658 arg2 glycopeptide 647:658 glycopeptide 647:658 glycopeptide 647:658 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 2 11 theme N-glycosylation 504:518 arg1 differences 520:530 N-glycosylation differences 504:530 N-glycosylation differences 504:530 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 5 12 theme 12G2 1112:1115 arg1 unaffected 1140:1149 unaffected 1140:1149 unaffected 1140:1149 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 5 12 theme 12G2 1112:1115 arg1 reactivity 1126:1135 the 12G2 antibody reactivity 1108:1135 the 12G2 antibody reactivity 1108:1135 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 6 13 from N238 1286:1289 arg1 differences 1252:1262 Qualitative differences 1240:1262 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 1240:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 6 13 from N238 1286:1289 arg1 N-glycosylation 1267:1281 N-glycosylation 1267:1281 N-glycosylation at N238 1267:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 9 14 theme Plasma 1597:1602 arg1 measurements 1608:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements are influenced by variations in N-glycosylation. 31307013 5 15 theme ELISA 1193:1197 arg1 measurements 1199:1210 ELISA measurements 1193:1210 ELISA measurements using these two antibodies 1193:1237 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 4 16 from patients 846:853 arg1 examples 941:948 examples 941:948 examples of N-glycosylation defects 941:975 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 4 16 from patients 846:853 arg1 Plasma 834:839 Plasma 834:839 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 834:902 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 2 17 theme CBG 583:585 arg1 measurements 567:578 ELISA measurements 561:578 ELISA measurements of CBG 561:585 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 7 18 theme ELISA 1440:1444 arg1 measurements 1446:1457 both ELISA measurements 1435:1457 both ELISA measurements relative to BCA values 1435:1480 Desialylation increased both ELISA measurements relative to BCA values. 31307013 6 19 from differences 1252:1262 arg1 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 N238 1286:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 6 19 from differences 1252:1262 arg1 N-glycosylation 1267:1281 N-glycosylation 1267:1281 N-glycosylation at N238 1267:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 3 20 theme CBG 770:772 arg1 ELISA 774:778 CBG ELISA 770:778 CBG ELISA 770:778 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 21 theme at 739:740 arg1 N347 742:745 at N347 739:745 at N347 within the RCL 739:760 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 22 from N347 742:745 arg1 at 739:740 at N347 739:745 at N347 within the RCL 739:760 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 1 23 theme ELISA 106:110 arg1 measurements 112:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 10 24 from patients 1807:1814 arg1 common 1797:1802 common 1797:1802 common 1797:1802 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 3 25 theme assay 808:812 arg1 measurements 820:831 CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements 770:831 CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements 770:831 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 9 26 from variations 1639:1648 arg1 N-glycosylation 1653:1667 N-glycosylation 1653:1667 N-glycosylation 1653:1667 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements are influenced by variations in N-glycosylation. 31307013 3 27 from sites 722:726 arg1 N-glycosylation 694:708 N-glycosylation 694:708 N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, 694:761 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 6 28 theme at 1371:1372 arg1 N347 1374:1377 an N-glycan at N347 1359:1377 an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution 1359:1408 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 6 29 theme Qualitative 1240:1250 arg1 differences 1252:1262 Qualitative differences 1240:1262 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 1240:1289 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 7 30 theme BCA 1471:1473 arg1 values 1475:1480 BCA values 1471:1480 BCA values 1471:1480 Desialylation increased both ELISA measurements relative to BCA values. 31307013 3 31 dep METHODS 588:594 arg1 analyses 660:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 6 32 theme CBG 1337:1339 arg1 steroid-binding 1318:1332 steroid-binding 1318:1332 steroid-binding 1318:1332 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 1 33 theme human 128:132 arg1 CBG 167:169 CBG 167:169 CBG 167:169 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 1 33 theme human 128:132 arg1 globulin 157:164 human corticosteroid-binding globulin 128:164 human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) 128:170 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 10 34 theme metabolic 1821:1829 arg1 diseases 1841:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 0 35 theme corticosteroid-binding 33:54 arg1 measurements 65:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 N-Glycosylation influences human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements. 31307013 1 36 theme corticosteroid-binding 134:155 arg1 CBG 167:169 CBG 167:169 CBG 167:169 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 1 36 theme corticosteroid-binding 134:155 arg1 globulin 157:164 human corticosteroid-binding globulin 128:164 human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) 128:170 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 5 37 from N347 1021:1024 arg1 N-glycan 1009:1016 an N-glycan 1006:1016 an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL 1006:1043 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 0 38 theme human 27:31 arg1 measurements 65:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 N-Glycosylation influences human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements. 31307013 3 39 theme glycopeptide 647:658 arg1 analyses 660:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 1 40 theme globulin 157:164 arg1 measurements 112:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 ELISA measurements 106:123 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 10 41 theme N-glycosylation 1763:1777 arg1 abnormalities 1779:1791 N-glycosylation abnormalities 1763:1791 N-glycosylation abnormalities 1763:1791 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 8 42 theme BCA 1549:1551 arg1 values 1553:1558 BCA values 1549:1558 BCA values 1549:1558 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 5 43 from discrepancies 1176:1188 arg1 measurements 1199:1210 ELISA measurements 1193:1210 ELISA measurements using these two antibodies 1193:1237 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 1 44 theme cleaved 379:385 arg1 RCL 387:389 a proteolytically cleaved RCL 361:389 a proteolytically cleaved RCL 361:389 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 10 45 theme liver 1835:1839 arg1 diseases 1841:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 5 46 dep RESULTS 978:984 arg1 demonstrate 989:999 demonstrate 989:999 demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies 989:1237 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 0 47 theme globulin 56:63 arg1 measurements 65:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements 27:76 N-Glycosylation influences human corticosteroid-binding globulin measurements. 31307013 3 48 used used 674:677 arg2 SUBJECTS 600:607 SUBJECTS 600:607 SUBJECTS 600:607 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 48 used used 674:677 arg2 METHODS 588:594 METHODS 588:594 METHODS 588:594 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 49 theme biochemical 631:641 arg1 analyses 660:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 7 50 theme relative 1459:1466 arg1 measurements 1446:1457 both ELISA measurements 1435:1457 both ELISA measurements relative to BCA values 1435:1480 Desialylation increased both ELISA measurements relative to BCA values. 31307013 8 51 theme CDG 1571:1573 arg1 patients 1575:1582 several CDG patients 1563:1582 several CDG patients 1563:1582 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 6 52 theme T349A 1391:1395 arg1 substitution 1397:1408 a T349A substitution 1389:1408 a T349A substitution 1389:1408 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 3 53 theme ELISA 774:778 arg1 measurements 820:831 CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements 770:831 CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements 770:831 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 6 54 theme N-glycan 1362:1369 arg1 N347 1374:1377 an N-glycan at N347 1359:1377 an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution 1359:1408 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 8 55 theme plasma 1494:1499 arg1 levels 1505:1510 plasma CBG levels 1494:1510 plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs 1494:1525 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 8 56 theme CBG 1501:1503 arg1 levels 1505:1510 plasma CBG levels 1494:1510 plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs 1494:1525 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 10 57 theme defects 1723:1729 arg1 number 1709:1714 the increasing number 1694:1714 the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently 1694:1749 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg1 assay 808:812 steroid-binding capacity assay 783:812 steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) 783:818 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg2 N347 742:745 at N347 739:745 at N347 within the RCL 739:760 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg2 sites 722:726 specific sites 713:726 specific sites 713:726 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg1 ELISA 774:778 CBG ELISA 770:778 CBG ELISA 770:778 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg1 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg1 N347 742:745 at N347 739:745 at N347 within the RCL 739:760 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 58 gly N-glycosylation 694:708 arg1 sites 722:726 specific sites 713:726 specific sites 713:726 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 4 59 theme glycosylation 884:896 arg1 disorders 871:879 congenital disorders 860:879 congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 860:902 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 8 60 theme several 1563:1569 arg1 patients 1575:1582 several CDG patients 1563:1582 several CDG patients 1563:1582 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 9 61 theme CBG 1604:1606 arg1 measurements 1608:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements are influenced by variations in N-glycosylation. 31307013 5 62 theme antibody 1117:1124 arg1 unaffected 1140:1149 unaffected 1140:1149 unaffected 1140:1149 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 5 62 theme antibody 1117:1124 arg1 reactivity 1126:1135 the 12G2 antibody reactivity 1108:1135 the 12G2 antibody reactivity 1108:1135 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 5 63 theme 9G12 1056:1059 arg1 antibody 1061:1068 the 9G12 antibody 1052:1068 the 9G12 antibody 1052:1068 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 1 64 theme different 312:320 arg1 location 322:329 a different location 310:329 a different location 310:329 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 2 65 theme ELISA 561:565 arg1 measurements 567:578 ELISA measurements 561:578 ELISA measurements of CBG 561:585 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 1 66 theme blood 401:405 arg1 samples 407:413 blood samples 401:413 blood samples 401:413 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 3 67 theme biological 619:628 arg1 analyses 660:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses 609:667 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 9 68 theme CONCLUSIONS 1585:1595 arg1 measurements 1608:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements 1585:1619 CONCLUSIONS Plasma CBG measurements are influenced by variations in N-glycosylation. 31307013 10 69 theme increasing 1698:1707 arg1 number 1709:1714 the increasing number 1694:1714 the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently 1694:1749 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 1 70 theme reactive 254:261 arg1 loop 270:273 its reactive center loop 250:273 its reactive center loop (RCL) 250:279 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 1 70 theme reactive 254:261 arg1 RCL 276:278 RCL 276:278 RCL 276:278 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 5 71 theme CBG 1037:1039 arg1 RCL 1041:1043 the CBG RCL 1033:1043 the CBG RCL 1033:1043 RESULTS We demonstrate that an N-glycan at N347 within the CBG RCL limits the 9G12 antibody from recognizing its epitope, whereas the 12G2 antibody reactivity is unaffected, thereby contributing to discrepancies in ELISA measurements using these two antibodies. 31307013 1 72 theme center 263:268 arg1 loop 270:273 its reactive center loop 250:273 its reactive center loop (RCL) 250:279 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 1 72 theme center 263:268 arg1 RCL 276:278 RCL 276:278 RCL 276:278 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 4 73 theme N-glycosylation 953:967 arg1 defects 969:975 N-glycosylation defects 953:975 N-glycosylation defects 953:975 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 10 74 from common 1797:1802 arg1 patients 1807:1814 patients 1807:1814 patients with metabolic and liver diseases 1807:1848 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 1 75 theme detection 178:186 arg1 antibodies 199:208 detection monoclonal antibodies 178:208 detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location 178:329 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 1 76 with CBG 352:354 arg1 RCL 387:389 a proteolytically cleaved RCL 361:389 a proteolytically cleaved RCL 361:389 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 2 77 from discrepancies 544:556 arg1 measurements 567:578 ELISA measurements 561:578 ELISA measurements of CBG 561:585 We have previously been unable to verify this biochemically, and sought to determine if N-glycosylation differences account for discrepancies in ELISA measurements of CBG. 31307013 10 78 with patients 1807:1814 arg1 diseases 1841:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 metabolic and liver diseases 1821:1848 This is important given the increasing number of CDG defects identified recently and because N-glycosylation abnormalities are common in patients with metabolic and liver diseases. 31307013 6 79 from N347 1374:1377 arg1 at 1371:1372 an N-glycan at N347 1359:1377 an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution 1359:1408 Qualitative differences in N-glycosylation at N238 also negatively affect the steroid-binding of CBG in the absence of an N-glycan at N347 caused by a T349A substitution. 31307013 1 80 theme OBJECTIVE 79:87 arg1 Discrepancies 89:101 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies 79:101 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, 79:330 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 8 81 from levels 1505:1510 arg1 ELISAs 1520:1525 both ELISAs 1515:1525 both ELISAs 1515:1525 Similarly, plasma CBG levels in both ELISAs were much higher than BCA values in several CDG patients. 31307013 1 82 theme monoclonal 188:197 arg1 antibodies 199:208 detection monoclonal antibodies 178:208 detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location 178:329 OBJECTIVE Discrepancies in ELISA measurements of human corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) using detection monoclonal antibodies that recognize an epitope (9G12) within its reactive center loop (RCL), versus an epitope (12G2) in a different location, have suggested that CBG with a proteolytically cleaved RCL exists in blood samples. 31307013 4 83 with patients 846:853 arg1 disorders 871:879 congenital disorders 860:879 congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) 860:902 Plasma from patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) was also examined in these assays as examples of N-glycosylation defects. 31307013 3 84 theme steroid-binding 783:797 arg1 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 BCA 815:817 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 31307013 3 84 theme steroid-binding 783:797 arg1 assay 808:812 steroid-binding capacity assay 783:812 steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) 783:818 METHODS AND SUBJECTS Molecular biological, biochemical and glycopeptide analyses were used to examine how N-glycosylation at specific sites, including at N347 within the RCL, affect CBG ELISA or steroid-binding capacity assay (BCA) measurements. 30275686 4 0 theme GO-CS-MPG 806:814 arg1 bio-safety 771:780 the bio-safety 767:780 the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG 767:814 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 5 1 theme nano 854:857 arg1 complex 872:878 The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 825:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 817:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex was successfully constructed and its medical effectiveness was verified. 30275686 6 2 theme implantation 984:995 arg1 experiment 997:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 0 3 theme microRNA 65:72 arg1 carrier 74:80 microRNA carrier 65:80 microRNA carrier 65:80 A targeted therapy for melanoma by graphene oxide composite with microRNA carrier. 30275686 4 4 theme material 797:804 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 806:814 the carrier material GO-CS-MPG 785:814 the carrier material GO-CS-MPG 785:814 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 1 5 dep BACKGROUND 83:92 arg1 attracting 141:150 attracting 141:150 is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials 138:196 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 6 6 theme tumor 978:982 arg1 experiment 997:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 7 7 theme CONCLUSION 1096:1105 arg1 Results 1107:1113 CONCLUSION Results 1096:1113 CONCLUSION Results 1096:1113 CONCLUSION Results suggest that GO-CS-MPG may have potential applications in melanoma therapy. 30275686 4 8 theme drug-loading 676:687 arg1 complexes 689:697 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 8 theme drug-loading 676:687 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 8 theme drug-loading 676:687 arg1 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 6 9 theme subcutaneous 965:976 arg1 experiment 997:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment 961:1006 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 7 10 contain have 1142:1145 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 1128:1136 GO-CS-MPG 1128:1136 GO-CS-MPG 1128:1136 CONCLUSION Results suggest that GO-CS-MPG may have potential applications in melanoma therapy. 30275686 7 10 contain have 1142:1145 arg2 applications 1157:1168 potential applications 1147:1168 potential applications 1147:1168 CONCLUSION Results suggest that GO-CS-MPG may have potential applications in melanoma therapy. 30275686 4 11 theme nano 671:674 arg1 complexes 689:697 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 11 theme nano 671:674 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 11 theme nano 671:674 arg1 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 3 12 theme miR 438:440 arg1 effects 427:433 the side effects 418:433 the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, 418:556 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 13 theme oxide 490:494 arg1 melanoma 454:461 melanoma 454:461 melanoma 454:461 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 13 theme oxide 490:494 arg1 combination 466:476 a combination 464:476 a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS) 464:514 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 13 theme oxide 490:494 arg1 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 13 theme oxide 490:494 arg1 peptide 544:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 6 14 theme melanoma 1069:1076 arg1 cells 1078:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 5 15 theme drug-loading 859:870 arg1 complex 872:878 The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 825:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 817:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex was successfully constructed and its medical effectiveness was verified. 30275686 4 16 theme complexes 689:697 arg1 components 657:666 the specific components 644:666 the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 644:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 1 17 theme increased 152:160 arg1 attention 162:170 increased attention 152:170 increased attention in clinical cancer trials 152:196 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 0 18 theme targeted 2:9 arg1 therapy 11:17 A targeted therapy 0:17 A targeted therapy for melanoma by graphene oxide 0:48 A targeted therapy for melanoma by graphene oxide composite with microRNA carrier. 30275686 3 19 theme graphene 481:488 arg1 chitosan 502:509 chitosan 502:509 chitosan (CS) 502:514 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 19 theme graphene 481:488 arg1 oxide 490:494 graphene oxide 481:494 graphene oxide (GO) 481:499 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 4 20 theme carrier 789:795 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 806:814 the carrier material GO-CS-MPG 785:814 the carrier material GO-CS-MPG 785:814 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 6 21 from effect 1020:1025 arg1 cells 1078:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 4 22 theme specific 648:655 arg1 components 657:666 the specific components 644:666 the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 644:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 23 dep complexes 689:697 arg1 complexes 689:697 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG 671:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 23 dep complexes 689:697 arg1 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 GO-CS-MPG 709:717 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 4 23 dep complexes 689:697 arg1 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 GO-CS 699:703 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 7 24 theme melanoma 1173:1180 arg1 therapy 1182:1188 melanoma therapy 1173:1188 melanoma therapy 1173:1188 CONCLUSION Results suggest that GO-CS-MPG may have potential applications in melanoma therapy. 30275686 6 25 theme complex 1047:1053 arg1 effect 1020:1025 an evident effect 1009:1025 an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells 1009:1082 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 4 26 theme characterization 727:742 arg1 research 744:751 characterization research 727:751 characterization research 727:751 The research has analyzed the specific components of nano drug-loading complexes GO-CS and GO-CS-MPG through characterization research and confirmed the bio-safety of the carrier material GO-CS-MPG. 30275686 0 27 with composite 50:58 arg1 carrier 74:80 microRNA carrier 65:80 microRNA carrier 65:80 A targeted therapy for melanoma by graphene oxide composite with microRNA carrier. 30275686 1 28 theme Nowadays 94:101 arg1 combination 108:118 Nowadays, the combination 94:118 combination 108:118 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 1 29 theme clinical 175:182 arg1 trials 191:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 2 30 theme certain 261:267 arg1 properties 269:278 certain properties 261:278 certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity 261:352 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 2 30 theme certain 261:267 arg1 instability 288:298 instability 288:298 instability 288:298 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 2 30 theme certain 261:267 arg1 distribution 317:328 low-specificity distribution 301:328 low-specificity distribution 301:328 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 2 30 theme certain 261:267 arg1 toxicity 345:352 metabolic toxicity 335:352 metabolic toxicity 335:352 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 1 31 theme cancer 184:189 arg1 trials 191:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 2 32 theme clinical 212:219 arg1 use 221:223 the clinical use 208:223 the clinical use of miR 208:230 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 3 33 theme side 422:425 arg1 effects 427:433 the side effects 418:433 the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, 418:556 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 34 theme anti-tumor 387:396 arg1 efficacy 398:405 the anti-tumor efficacy 383:405 the anti-tumor efficacy 383:405 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 7 35 theme potential 1147:1155 arg1 applications 1157:1168 potential applications 1147:1168 potential applications 1147:1168 CONCLUSION Results suggest that GO-CS-MPG may have potential applications in melanoma therapy. 30275686 5 36 dep RESULTS 817:823 arg1 complex 872:878 The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 825:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 817:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex was successfully constructed and its medical effectiveness was verified. 30275686 3 37 dep oxide 490:494 arg1 GO 497:498 GO 497:498 GO 497:498 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 0 38 theme graphene 35:42 arg1 oxide 44:48 graphene oxide 35:48 graphene oxide 35:48 A targeted therapy for melanoma by graphene oxide composite with microRNA carrier. 30275686 3 39 theme dispersion 582:591 arg1 method 593:598 solid dispersion method 576:598 solid dispersion method 576:598 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 2 40 theme low-specificity 301:315 arg1 distribution 317:328 low-specificity distribution 301:328 low-specificity distribution 301:328 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 5 41 theme medical 917:923 arg1 effectiveness 925:937 its medical effectiveness 913:937 its medical effectiveness 913:937 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex was successfully constructed and its medical effectiveness was verified. 30275686 6 42 theme evident 1012:1018 arg1 effect 1020:1025 an evident effect 1009:1025 an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells 1009:1082 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 2 43 theme miR 228:230 arg1 use 221:223 the clinical use 208:223 the clinical use of miR 208:230 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 30275686 1 44 from attention 162:170 arg1 trials 191:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 clinical cancer trials 175:196 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 1 45 theme microRNA 123:130 arg1 combination 108:118 Nowadays, the combination 94:118 combination 108:118 BACKGROUND Nowadays, the combination of microRNA (miR) is attracting increased attention in clinical cancer trials. 30275686 3 46 theme solid 576:580 arg1 method 593:598 solid dispersion method 576:598 solid dispersion method 576:598 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 47 theme cellular 523:530 arg1 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 47 theme cellular 523:530 arg1 peptide 544:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 6 48 theme drug-loading 1034:1045 arg1 complex 1047:1053 the drug-loading complex 1030:1053 the drug-loading complex 1030:1053 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 5 49 theme GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a 829:852 arg1 complex 872:878 The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 825:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex 817:878 RESULTS The GO-CS-MPG-miR33a/miR199a nano drug-loading complex was successfully constructed and its medical effectiveness was verified. 30275686 6 50 theme inhibiting 1058:1067 arg1 cells 1078:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 inhibiting melanoma cells 1058:1082 Through the subcutaneous tumor implantation experiment, an evident effect of the drug-loading complex in inhibiting melanoma cells was proven. 30275686 3 51 theme penetrating 532:542 arg1 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 MPG 553:555 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 3 51 theme penetrating 532:542 arg1 peptide 544:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 a cellular penetrating peptide 521:550 METHODS In order to improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of miR in treating melanoma, a combination of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and a cellular penetrating peptide, MPG, was prepared with solid dispersion method in this research. 30275686 2 52 theme metabolic 335:343 arg1 toxicity 345:352 metabolic toxicity 335:352 metabolic toxicity 335:352 However, the clinical use of miR is highly limited because of certain properties such as instability, low-specificity distribution, and metabolic toxicity. 29664208 0 0 theme PEGylated-USPIOs 40:55 arg1 relaxivity 26:35 size-dependent relaxivity 11:35 size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging 11:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 7 1 theme hydrodynamic 1202:1213 arg1 dH 1225:1226 dH 1225:1226 dH 1225:1226 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 1 theme hydrodynamic 1202:1213 arg1 diameter 1215:1222 hydrodynamic diameter 1202:1222 hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) 1202:1228 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 3 2 theme T1 566:567 arg1 agents 578:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 9 3 theme T 1531:1531 arg1 scanner 1533:1539 a 7 T scanner 1527:1539 a 7 T scanner 1527:1539 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 4 4 theme relationship 644:655 arg1 evaluation 626:635 a systematic empirical evaluation 603:635 a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values) 603:712 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 7 5 theme r2 1104:1105 arg1 ratio 1111:1115 the r2 /r1 ratio 1100:1115 the r2 /r1 ratio 1100:1115 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 10 6 theme Key 1610:1612 arg1 features 1625:1632 Key anatomical features 1610:1632 Key anatomical features in the vascular network 1610:1656 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 9 7 theme strong 1554:1559 arg1 enhancement 1573:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement 1554:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool 1554:1607 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 2 8 theme contrast 291:298 arg1 behavior 300:307 MRI contrast behavior 287:307 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs 287:317 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. 29664208 1 9 theme safer 198:202 arg1 alternative 204:214 a safer alternative 196:214 a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging 196:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 7 10 theme MRI 1081:1083 arg1 scanner 1085:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 11 theme T 1070:1070 arg1 scanner 1085:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 5 12 theme precursor 854:862 arg1 decomposition 820:832 the thermal decomposition 808:832 the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor 808:862 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 9 13 theme blood 1598:1602 arg1 pool 1604:1607 the mouse blood pool 1588:1607 the mouse blood pool 1588:1607 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 11 14 theme relationship 1790:1801 arg1 basis 1760:1764 the basis 1756:1764 the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1756:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 11 15 theme empirical 1722:1730 arg1 data 1732:1735 empirical data 1722:1735 empirical data 1722:1735 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 5 16 theme controlled 756:765 arg1 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 5 16 theme controlled 756:765 arg1 diameter 772:779 precisely controlled core diameter 746:779 precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) 746:785 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 10 17 theme intravenous 1688:1698 arg1 administration 1700:1713 intravenous administration 1688:1713 intravenous administration 1688:1713 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 1 18 from agents 245:250 arg1 imaging 278:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 6 19 theme aqueous 930:936 arg1 phase 938:942 aqueous phase 930:942 aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 930:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 7 20 dep showed 1093:1098 arg1 increased 1117:1125 increased 1117:1125 increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95) 1117:1171 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 20 dep showed 1093:1098 arg1 varied 1178:1183 varied 1178:1183 varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight 1178:1253 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 5 21 theme Monodisperse 715:726 arg1 cores 734:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores 715:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores 715:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 11 22 theme contrast 1850:1857 arg1 agents 1859:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 1 23 theme iron 155:158 arg1 oxide 160:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide 125:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) 125:172 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 1 23 theme iron 155:158 arg1 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 9 24 from DOPA-6-20 1469:1477 arg1 mouse 1516:1520 a mouse 1514:1520 a mouse with a 7 T scanner 1514:1539 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 9 25 dep in 1483:1484 arg1 vivo 1486:1489 vivo 1486:1489 vivo 1486:1489 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 0 26 theme T1 84:85 arg1 agents 96:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 68:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging 68:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 6 27 theme glycol 1010:1015 arg1 polymers 1023:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 8 28 theme potential 1403:1411 arg1 agent 1425:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 8 29 theme 6.34nm 1279:1284 arg1 cores 1292:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores 1279:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1279:1337 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 9 30 theme preliminary 1437:1447 arg1 study 1449:1453 a preliminary study 1435:1453 a preliminary study 1435:1453 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 6 31 theme dopamine-modified 979:995 arg1 polymers 1023:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 8 32 theme contrast 1416:1423 arg1 agent 1425:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 0 33 theme vascular 107:114 arg1 imaging 116:122 vascular imaging 107:122 vascular imaging 107:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 10 34 theme vascular 1641:1648 arg1 network 1650:1656 the vascular network 1637:1656 the vascular network 1637:1656 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 6 35 theme silane 969:974 arg1 polymers 1023:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 5 36 with cores 734:738 arg1 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 5 36 with cores 734:738 arg1 diameter 772:779 precisely controlled core diameter 746:779 precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) 746:785 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 8 37 theme kDa 1313:1315 arg1 PEG 1335:1337 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1310:1337 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1310:1337 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 11 38 theme structure-property 1771:1788 arg1 relationship 1790:1801 a structure-property relationship 1769:1801 a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1769:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 4 39 dep r1 696:697 arg1 values 706:711 values 706:711 values 706:711 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 11 40 theme optimized 1825:1833 arg1 agents 1859:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 1 41 theme Ultra-small 125:135 arg1 oxide 160:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide 125:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) 125:172 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 1 41 theme Ultra-small 125:135 arg1 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 4 42 theme systematic 605:614 arg1 evaluation 626:635 a systematic empirical evaluation 603:635 a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values) 603:712 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 5 43 theme thermal 812:818 arg1 decomposition 820:832 the thermal decomposition 808:832 the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor 808:862 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 7 44 theme USPIO 1141:1145 arg1 diameter 1152:1159 USPIO core diameter 1141:1159 USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95) 1141:1171 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 44 theme USPIO 1141:1145 arg1 R2 1162:1163 R2 = 0.95 1162:1170 R2 = 0.95 1162:1170 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 10 45 dep min 1678:1680 arg1 administration 1700:1713 intravenous administration 1688:1713 intravenous administration 1688:1713 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 7 46 theme molecular 1238:1246 arg1 weight 1248:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 8 47 theme r2 1361:1362 arg1 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 8 47 theme r2 1361:1362 arg1 value 1368:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value 1350:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) 1350:1379 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 3 48 theme contrast 569:576 arg1 agents 578:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 7 49 from characterization 1044:1059 arg1 scanner 1085:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 9 50 with mouse 1516:1520 arg1 scanner 1533:1539 a 7 T scanner 1527:1539 a 7 T scanner 1527:1539 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 7 51 theme /r1 1107:1109 arg1 ratio 1111:1115 the r2 /r1 ratio 1100:1115 the r2 /r1 ratio 1100:1115 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 3 52 theme gadolinium-free 550:564 arg1 agents 578:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 1 53 theme MR 275:276 arg1 imaging 278:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 4 54 dep relaxivity 684:693 arg1 r2 703:704 r2 703:704 r2 703:704 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 4 54 dep relaxivity 684:693 arg1 r1 696:697 r1 696:697 r1 696:697 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 2 55 theme USPIOs 312:317 arg1 behavior 300:307 MRI contrast behavior 287:307 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs 287:317 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. 29664208 9 56 theme T1-weighted 1561:1571 arg1 enhancement 1573:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement 1554:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool 1554:1607 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 6 57 with exchange 955:962 arg1 polymers 1023:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 7 58 theme clinical 1072:1079 arg1 scanner 1085:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1064:1091 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 2 59 theme magnetic 336:343 arg1 properties 345:354 their magnetic properties 330:354 their magnetic properties 330:354 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. 29664208 10 60 from features 1625:1632 arg1 network 1650:1656 the vascular network 1637:1656 the vascular network 1637:1656 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 1 61 theme gadolinium-based 219:234 arg1 GBCAs 253:257 GBCAs 253:257 GBCAs 253:257 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 1 61 theme gadolinium-based 219:234 arg1 agents 245:250 gadolinium-based contrast agents 219:250 gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging 219:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 6 62 theme ligand 948:953 arg1 exchange 955:962 ligand exchange 948:962 ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 948:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 9 63 theme mouse 1592:1596 arg1 pool 1604:1607 the mouse blood pool 1588:1607 the mouse blood pool 1588:1607 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 4 64 theme MRI 680:682 arg1 relaxivity 684:693 MRI relaxivity 680:693 MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values) 680:712 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 9 65 theme pool 1604:1607 arg1 enhancement 1573:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement 1554:1583 strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool 1554:1607 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 7 66 theme Relaxivity 1033:1042 arg1 characterization 1044:1059 Relaxivity characterization 1033:1059 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner 1033:1091 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 11 67 theme T1 1847:1848 arg1 agents 1859:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 1 68 theme superparamagnetic 137:153 arg1 oxide 160:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide 125:164 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) 125:172 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 1 68 theme superparamagnetic 137:153 arg1 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 USPIO 167:171 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 5 69 theme USPIO 728:732 arg1 cores 734:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores 715:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores 715:738 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 2 70 theme MRI 287:289 arg1 behavior 300:307 MRI contrast behavior 287:307 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs 287:317 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. 29664208 7 71 with little 1185:1190 arg1 weight 1248:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 71 with little 1185:1190 arg1 dH 1225:1226 dH 1225:1226 dH 1225:1226 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 71 with little 1185:1190 arg1 diameter 1215:1222 hydrodynamic diameter 1202:1222 hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) 1202:1228 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 0 72 theme contrast 87:94 arg1 agents 96:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 68:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging 68:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 5 73 theme -oleate 846:852 arg1 precursor 854:862 iron(III)-oleate precursor 837:862 iron(III)-oleate precursor 837:862 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 8 74 theme T1 1413:1414 arg1 agent 1425:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 a potential T1 contrast agent 1401:1429 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 6 75 theme polyethylene 997:1008 arg1 PEG 1018:1020 PEG 1018:1020 PEG 1018:1020 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 6 75 theme polyethylene 997:1008 arg1 glycol 1010:1015 polyethylene glycol 997:1015 silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers 969:1030 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 5 76 theme core 767:770 arg1 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 dC 782:783 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 5 76 theme core 767:770 arg1 diameter 772:779 precisely controlled core diameter 746:779 precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) 746:785 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 8 77 theme USPIO 1286:1290 arg1 cores 1292:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores 1279:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1279:1337 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 1 78 theme contrast 236:243 arg1 GBCAs 253:257 GBCAs 253:257 GBCAs 253:257 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 1 78 theme contrast 236:243 arg1 agents 245:250 gadolinium-based contrast agents 219:250 gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging 219:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29664208 3 79 theme proton 490:495 arg1 relaxation 497:506 proton relaxation 490:506 proton relaxation in MRI 490:513 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 0 80 theme size-dependent 11:24 arg1 relaxivity 26:35 size-dependent relaxivity 11:35 size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging 11:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 13 81 dep Res 1913:1915 arg1 2018 1941:1944 2018 1941:1944 2018 1941:1944 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 29664208 13 81 dep Res 1913:1915 arg1 106A:2440-2447 1925:1938 106A:2440-2447 1925:1938 106A:2440-2447 1925:1938 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 29664208 13 81 dep Res 1913:1915 arg1 A 1922:1922 Part A 1917:1922 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 1898:1945 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 29664208 12 82 dep © 1867:1867 arg1 Inc. 1893:1896 Inc. 1893:1896 Inc. 1893:1896 © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 29664208 8 83 theme 20 1310:1311 arg1 kDa 1313:1315 kDa 1313:1315 kDa 1313:1315 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 2 84 theme physicochemical 387:401 arg1 composition 403:413 their physicochemical composition 381:413 their physicochemical composition 381:413 MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. 29664208 7 85 theme core 1147:1150 arg1 diameter 1152:1159 USPIO core diameter 1141:1159 USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95) 1141:1171 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 7 85 theme core 1147:1150 arg1 R2 1162:1163 R2 = 0.95 1162:1170 R2 = 0.95 1162:1170 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 9 86 theme in 1483:1484 arg1 imaging 1503:1509 in vivo angiography imaging 1483:1509 in vivo angiography imaging 1483:1509 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 4 87 theme empirical 616:624 arg1 evaluation 626:635 a systematic empirical evaluation 603:635 a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values) 603:712 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 8 88 theme dopamine-modified 1317:1333 arg1 PEG 1335:1337 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1310:1337 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1310:1337 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 11 89 theme USPIO-based 1835:1845 arg1 agents 1859:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents 1825:1864 Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure-property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO-based T1 contrast agents. 29664208 9 90 theme angiography 1491:1501 arg1 imaging 1503:1509 in vivo angiography imaging 1483:1509 in vivo angiography imaging 1483:1509 In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA-6-20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1-weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. 29664208 6 91 with USPIOs 865:870 arg1 dC 877:878 dC = 6.34 877:885 dC = 6.34 877:885 USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. 29664208 3 92 theme structural 448:457 arg1 characteristics 459:473 USPIO structural characteristics 442:473 USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI 442:513 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 3 93 from relaxation 497:506 arg1 MRI 511:513 MRI 511:513 MRI 511:513 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 0 94 theme gadolinium-free 68:82 arg1 agents 96:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 68:101 gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging 68:122 Evaluating size-dependent relaxivity of PEGylated-USPIOs to develop gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging. 29664208 8 95 dep DOPA-6-20 1268:1276 arg1 cores 1292:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores 1279:1296 6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG 1279:1337 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 7 96 theme PEG 1234:1236 arg1 weight 1248:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 PEG molecular weight 1234:1253 Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2 /r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH ) and PEG molecular weight. 29664208 13 97 theme Part 1917:1920 arg1 A 1922:1922 Part A 1917:1922 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 1898:1945 J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440-2447, 2018. 29664208 3 98 theme effective 540:548 arg1 agents 578:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents 540:583 Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium-free T1 contrast agents. 29664208 4 99 theme USPIO 665:669 arg1 size 671:674 USPIO size 665:674 USPIO size 665:674 Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). 29664208 8 100 theme lowest 1354:1359 arg1 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 8 100 theme lowest 1354:1359 arg1 value 1368:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value 1350:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) 1350:1379 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 10 101 theme anatomical 1614:1623 arg1 features 1625:1632 Key anatomical features 1610:1632 Key anatomical features in the vascular network 1610:1656 Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. 29664208 8 102 theme /r1 1364:1366 arg1 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 3.44 1375:1378 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 8 102 theme /r1 1364:1366 arg1 value 1368:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value 1350:1372 the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) 1350:1379 One sample, DOPA-6-20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine-modified PEG), provided the lowest r2 /r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. 29664208 5 103 theme iron 837:840 arg1 precursor 854:862 iron(III)-oleate precursor 837:862 iron(III)-oleate precursor 837:862 Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC ) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)-oleate precursor. 29664208 1 104 theme T1-weighted 263:273 arg1 imaging 278:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 T1-weighted MR imaging 263:284 Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1-weighted MR imaging. 29584451 6 0 theme clinical 966:973 arg1 relevance 975:983 the clinical relevance 962:983 the clinical relevance of these findings 962:1001 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 9 1 with treatment 1444:1452 arg1 doxycycline 1499:1509 doxycycline 1499:1509 doxycycline 1499:1509 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 9 1 with treatment 1444:1452 arg1 inhibitor 1488:1496 the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1459:1496 the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1459:1496 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 6 2 theme permeability 937:948 arg1 indices 917:923 indices 917:923 indices of alveolar permeability 917:948 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 5 3 theme HS 671:672 arg1 fate 652:655 the fate 648:655 the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury 648:691 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 1 4 theme pulmonary 175:183 arg1 surface 196:202 the pulmonary epithelial surface 171:202 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 8 5 theme animal 1234:1239 arg1 approaches 1241:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 5 6 theme lung 681:684 arg1 injury 686:691 lung injury 681:691 lung injury 681:691 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 6 7 theme airspace 814:821 arg1 HS 823:824 airspace HS 814:824 airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 814:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 8 8 theme intratracheal 1333:1345 arg1 injury 1364:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 11 9 theme shedding 1915:1922 arg1 attenuation 1897:1907 complete attenuation 1888:1907 complete attenuation of HS shedding 1888:1922 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 7 10 theme HS 1132:1133 arg1 cleavage 1093:1100 cleavage 1093:1100 cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface 1093:1159 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 4 11 theme selective 468:476 arg1 degradation 488:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation 460:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS 460:515 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 8 12 theme lung 1359:1362 arg1 injury 1364:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 11 13 theme barrier 1959:1965 arg1 function 1967:1974 epithelial barrier function 1948:1974 epithelial barrier function 1948:1974 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 7 14 theme proteoglycan 1109:1120 arg1 HS 1132:1133 the proteoglycan anchoring HS 1105:1133 the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface 1105:1159 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 6 15 theme findings 994:1001 arg1 relevance 975:983 the clinical relevance 962:983 the clinical relevance of these findings 962:1001 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 5 16 theme spectrometry 587:598 arg1 approaches 624:633 mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches 582:633 mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches 582:633 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 1 17 theme epithelial 109:118 arg1 glycocalyx 120:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 1 17 theme epithelial 109:118 arg1 lining 164:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining 134:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 7 18 theme HS 1186:1187 arg1 cleavage 1174:1181 cleavage 1174:1181 cleavage of HS itself 1174:1194 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 5 19 theme saccharide-long 721:735 arg1 shedding 706:713 shedding 706:713 shedding of 20 saccharide-long 706:735 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 5 19 theme saccharide-long 721:735 arg1 HS 748:749 greater HS 740:749 greater HS into BAL fluid 740:764 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 7 20 theme intratracheal 1033:1045 arg1 injury 1059:1064 intratracheal LPS-induced injury 1033:1064 intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) 1033:1082 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 7 20 theme intratracheal 1033:1045 arg1 saccharides 1071:1081 ≥20 saccharides 1067:1081 ≥20 saccharides 1067:1081 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 4 21 theme In 460:461 arg1 degradation 488:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation 460:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS 460:515 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 1 22 theme carbohydrate-enriched 136:156 arg1 glycocalyx 120:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 1 22 theme carbohydrate-enriched 136:156 arg1 lining 164:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining 134:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 11 23 theme complete 1888:1895 arg1 attenuation 1897:1907 complete attenuation 1888:1907 complete attenuation of HS shedding 1888:1922 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 0 24 theme Lung 87:90 arg1 Injury 92:97 Lung Injury 87:97 Lung Injury 87:97 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate Contributes to Alveolar Barrier Function and Is Shed during Lung Injury. 29584451 3 25 theme heparan 376:382 arg1 sulfate 384:390 heparan sulfate 376:390 heparan sulfate (HS) 376:395 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 3 25 theme heparan 376:382 arg1 HS 393:394 HS 393:394 HS 393:394 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 4 26 theme epithelial 503:512 arg1 HS 514:515 epithelial HS 503:515 epithelial HS 503:515 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 5 27 theme intratracheal 769:781 arg1 mice 795:798 intratracheal LPS-treated mice 769:798 intratracheal LPS-treated mice 769:798 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 5 28 theme gel 604:606 arg1 electrophoresis 608:622 gel electrophoresis 604:622 gel electrophoresis 604:622 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 3 29 theme chondroitin 401:411 arg1 sulfate 413:419 chondroitin sulfate 401:419 chondroitin sulfate 401:419 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 0 30 theme Epithelial 0:9 arg1 Sulfate 19:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate 0:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate 0:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate Contributes to Alveolar Barrier Function and Is Shed during Lung Injury. 29584451 9 31 theme decreased 1406:1414 arg1 permeability 1425:1436 decreased alveolar permeability 1406:1436 decreased alveolar permeability 1406:1436 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 7 32 theme epithelial 1142:1151 arg1 surface 1153:1159 the epithelial surface 1138:1159 the epithelial surface 1138:1159 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 3 33 theme lung 432:435 arg1 glycocalyx 448:457 the lung epithelial glycocalyx 428:457 the lung epithelial glycocalyx 428:457 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 6 34 from HS 823:824 arg1 samples 838:844 clinical samples 829:844 clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 829:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 6 34 from HS 823:824 arg1 patients 851:858 patients 851:858 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 851:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 11 35 theme barrier 1808:1814 arg1 function 1816:1823 epithelial barrier function 1797:1823 epithelial barrier function 1797:1823 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 11 36 theme partial 1710:1716 arg1 sufficient 1776:1785 sufficient 1776:1785 sufficient 1776:1785 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 11 36 theme partial 1710:1716 arg1 reduction 1718:1726 The partial reduction 1706:1726 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline 1706:1767 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 0 37 theme Barrier 51:57 arg1 Function 59:66 Alveolar Barrier Function 42:66 Alveolar Barrier Function 42:66 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate Contributes to Alveolar Barrier Function and Is Shed during Lung Injury. 29584451 6 38 theme distress 883:890 arg1 syndrome 892:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 10 39 theme lung 1617:1620 arg1 barrier 1633:1639 the lung epithelial barrier 1613:1639 the lung epithelial barrier 1613:1639 These studies suggest that epithelial HS contributes to the lung epithelial barrier and its degradation is sufficient to increase lung permeability. 29584451 2 40 theme epithelial 214:223 arg1 visualization 236:248 epithelial glycocalyx visualization 214:248 epithelial glycocalyx visualization 214:248 Although epithelial glycocalyx visualization has been reported, its composition and function remain unknown. 29584451 9 41 theme metalloproteinase 1470:1486 arg1 doxycycline 1499:1509 doxycycline 1499:1509 doxycycline 1499:1509 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 9 41 theme metalloproteinase 1470:1486 arg1 inhibitor 1488:1496 the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1459:1496 the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1459:1496 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 6 42 theme acute 865:869 arg1 syndrome 892:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 11 43 theme LPS-induced 1846:1856 arg1 injury 1863:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 11 44 theme shedding 1734:1741 arg1 sufficient 1776:1785 sufficient 1776:1785 sufficient 1776:1785 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 11 44 theme shedding 1734:1741 arg1 reduction 1718:1726 The partial reduction 1706:1726 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline 1706:1767 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 9 45 theme statistical 1531:1541 arg1 significance 1543:1554 statistical significance 1531:1554 statistical significance 1531:1554 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 10 46 theme lung 1687:1690 arg1 permeability 1692:1703 lung permeability 1687:1703 lung permeability 1687:1703 These studies suggest that epithelial HS contributes to the lung epithelial barrier and its degradation is sufficient to increase lung permeability. 29584451 5 47 theme epithelial 660:669 arg1 HS 671:672 epithelial HS 660:672 epithelial HS 660:672 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 6 48 theme clinical 829:836 arg1 samples 838:844 clinical samples 829:844 clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 829:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 8 49 theme pharmacologic 1205:1217 arg1 approaches 1241:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 6 50 theme alveolar 928:935 arg1 permeability 937:948 alveolar permeability 928:948 alveolar permeability 928:948 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 1 51 theme epithelial 185:194 arg1 surface 196:202 the pulmonary epithelial surface 171:202 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 8 52 theme transgenic 1223:1232 arg1 approaches 1241:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches 1205:1250 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 8 53 used used 1200:1203 arg2 We 1197:1198 We 1197:1198 We 1197:1198 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 2 54 theme glycocalyx 225:234 arg1 visualization 236:248 epithelial glycocalyx visualization 214:248 epithelial glycocalyx visualization 214:248 Although epithelial glycocalyx visualization has been reported, its composition and function remain unknown. 29584451 8 55 theme HS 1314:1315 arg1 shedding 1317:1324 HS shedding 1314:1324 HS shedding 1314:1324 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 6 56 with patients 851:858 arg1 syndrome 892:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 7 57 theme anchoring 1122:1130 arg1 HS 1132:1133 the proteoglycan anchoring HS 1105:1133 the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface 1105:1159 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 4 58 theme enzymatic 478:486 arg1 degradation 488:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation 460:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS 460:515 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 8 59 theme LPS-induced 1347:1357 arg1 injury 1364:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1333:1369 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 5 60 theme mass 582:585 arg1 spectrometry 587:598 mass spectrometry 582:598 mass spectrometry 582:598 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 1 61 theme lung 104:107 arg1 glycocalyx 120:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 1 61 theme lung 104:107 arg1 lining 164:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining 134:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 8 62 theme matrix 1270:1275 arg1 metalloproteinases 1277:1294 matrix metalloproteinases 1270:1294 matrix metalloproteinases 1270:1294 We used pharmacologic and transgenic animal approaches to determine that matrix metalloproteinases partially mediate HS shedding during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. 29584451 3 63 theme mass 343:346 arg1 spectrometry 348:359 mass spectrometry 343:359 mass spectrometry 343:359 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 11 64 theme epithelial 1948:1957 arg1 function 1967:1974 epithelial barrier function 1948:1974 epithelial barrier function 1948:1974 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 5 65 theme LPS-treated 783:793 arg1 mice 795:798 intratracheal LPS-treated mice 769:798 intratracheal LPS-treated mice 769:798 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 7 66 theme LPS-induced 1047:1057 arg1 injury 1059:1064 intratracheal LPS-induced injury 1033:1064 intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) 1033:1082 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 7 66 theme LPS-induced 1047:1057 arg1 saccharides 1071:1081 ≥20 saccharides 1067:1081 ≥20 saccharides 1067:1081 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 4 67 theme chondroitin 526:536 arg1 sulfate 538:544 chondroitin sulfate 526:544 chondroitin sulfate 526:544 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 1 68 theme layer 158:162 arg1 glycocalyx 120:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx 100:129 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 1 68 theme layer 158:162 arg1 lining 164:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining 134:169 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 5 69 theme greater 740:746 arg1 HS 748:749 greater HS 740:749 greater HS into BAL fluid 740:764 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 11 70 theme HS 1912:1913 arg1 shedding 1915:1922 HS shedding 1912:1922 HS shedding 1912:1922 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 5 71 theme BAL 756:758 arg1 fluid 760:764 BAL fluid 756:764 BAL fluid 756:764 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 7 72 theme HS 1018:1019 arg1 length 1008:1013 The length 1004:1013 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) 1004:1082 The length of HS shed during intratracheal LPS-induced injury (≥20 saccharides) suggests cleavage of the proteoglycan anchoring HS to the epithelial surface, rather than cleavage of HS itself. 29584451 4 73 theme HS 514:515 arg1 degradation 488:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation 460:498 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS 460:515 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 0 74 theme Heparan 11:17 arg1 Sulfate 19:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate 0:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate 0:25 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate Contributes to Alveolar Barrier Function and Is Shed during Lung Injury. 29584451 5 75 theme electrophoresis 608:622 arg1 approaches 624:633 mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches 582:633 mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches 582:633 Using mass spectrometry and gel electrophoresis approaches to determine the fate of epithelial HS during lung injury, we detected shedding of 20 saccharide-long or greater HS into BAL fluid in intratracheal LPS-treated mice. 29584451 6 76 from patients 851:858 arg1 HS 823:824 airspace HS 814:824 airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 814:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 6 76 from patients 851:858 arg1 samples 838:844 clinical samples 829:844 clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome 829:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 1 77 dep lining 164:169 arg1 surface 196:202 the pulmonary epithelial surface 171:202 a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface 134:202 The lung epithelial glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-enriched layer lining the pulmonary epithelial surface. 29584451 9 78 theme alveolar 1416:1423 arg1 permeability 1425:1436 decreased alveolar permeability 1406:1436 decreased alveolar permeability 1406:1436 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 0 79 theme Alveolar 42:49 arg1 Function 59:66 Alveolar Barrier Function 42:66 Alveolar Barrier Function 42:66 Epithelial Heparan Sulfate Contributes to Alveolar Barrier Function and Is Shed during Lung Injury. 29584451 3 80 theme epithelial 437:446 arg1 glycocalyx 448:457 the lung epithelial glycocalyx 428:457 the lung epithelial glycocalyx 428:457 Using immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry, we identified heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate within the lung epithelial glycocalyx. 29584451 4 81 theme lung 557:560 arg1 permeability 562:573 lung permeability 557:573 lung permeability 557:573 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 29584451 10 82 theme epithelial 1584:1593 arg1 HS 1595:1596 epithelial HS 1584:1596 epithelial HS 1584:1596 These studies suggest that epithelial HS contributes to the lung epithelial barrier and its degradation is sufficient to increase lung permeability. 29584451 11 83 theme epithelial 1797:1806 arg1 function 1816:1823 epithelial barrier function 1797:1823 epithelial barrier function 1797:1823 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 10 84 theme epithelial 1622:1631 arg1 barrier 1633:1639 the lung epithelial barrier 1613:1639 the lung epithelial barrier 1613:1639 These studies suggest that epithelial HS contributes to the lung epithelial barrier and its degradation is sufficient to increase lung permeability. 29584451 11 85 theme lung 1858:1861 arg1 injury 1863:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 9 86 theme matrix 1463:1468 arg1 metalloproteinase 1470:1486 matrix metalloproteinase 1463:1486 the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 1459:1496 Although there was a trend toward decreased alveolar permeability after treatment with the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, doxycycline, this did not reach statistical significance. 29584451 6 87 theme respiratory 871:881 arg1 syndrome 892:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 acute respiratory distress syndrome 865:899 Furthermore, airspace HS in clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlated with indices of alveolar permeability, reflecting the clinical relevance of these findings. 29584451 11 88 theme intratracheal 1832:1844 arg1 injury 1863:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury 1832:1868 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 11 89 theme HS 1731:1732 arg1 shedding 1734:1741 HS shedding 1731:1741 HS shedding 1731:1741 The partial reduction of HS shedding achieved with doxycycline is not sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function during intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury; however, whether complete attenuation of HS shedding is sufficient to rescue epithelial barrier function remains unknown. 29584451 4 90 dep In 460:461 arg1 vivo 463:466 vivo 463:466 vivo 463:466 In vivo selective enzymatic degradation of epithelial HS, but not chondroitin sulfate, increased lung permeability. 30537501 6 0 theme applied 1339:1345 arg1 field 1347:1351 the applied field 1335:1351 the applied field 1335:1351 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 4 1 theme good 1027:1030 arg1 reliability 1032:1042 good reliability 1027:1042 good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure 1027:1082 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 1 2 theme composites 263:272 arg1 kinds 197:201 various kinds 189:201 various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 189:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 3 theme membranes 520:528 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 5 4 theme prepared 1118:1125 arg1 CH/CAS 1127:1132 the prepared CH/CAS 1114:1132 the prepared CH/CAS 1114:1132 The dielectric behaviour for the prepared CH/CAS indicates that the dielectric constant (ε') decreases. 30537501 6 5 theme orient 1316:1321 arg1 dipoles 1294:1300 the dipoles 1290:1300 the dipoles of the system orient 1290:1321 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 7 6 theme CO2 1495:1497 arg1 sensor 1503:1508 CO2 gas sensor 1495:1508 CO2 gas sensor 1495:1508 Correspondingly, the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes were characterized and its performance as CO2 gas sensor was evaluated. 30537501 1 7 theme good 364:367 arg1 sensitivity 369:379 their good sensitivity 358:379 their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties 358:425 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 8 theme sol-gel 602:608 arg1 process 610:616 sol-gel process 602:616 sol-gel process 602:616 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 3 9 with loading 787:793 arg1 % 813:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 3 9 with loading 787:793 arg1 Al2O3 816:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 3 10 theme 7 mol 808:812 arg1 % 813:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 3 10 theme 7 mol 808:812 arg1 Al2O3 816:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 1 11 dep attention 332:340 arg1 nowadays 342:349 nowadays 342:349 nowadays 342:349 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 6 12 with dipoles 1294:1300 arg1 field 1347:1351 the applied field 1335:1351 the applied field 1335:1351 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 0 13 theme CO2 120:122 arg1 sensor 124:129 CO2 sensor 120:129 CO2 sensor 120:129 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 1 14 with Modification 132:143 arg1 cross-linkers 162:174 cross-linkers 162:174 cross-linkers 162:174 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 15 theme current 435:441 arg1 work 443:446 the current work 431:446 the current work 431:446 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 6 16 theme system 1309:1314 arg1 orient 1316:1321 the system orient 1305:1321 the system orient 1305:1321 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 5 17 theme dielectric 1089:1098 arg1 behaviour 1100:1108 The dielectric behaviour 1085:1108 The dielectric behaviour for the prepared CH/CAS 1085:1132 The dielectric behaviour for the prepared CH/CAS indicates that the dielectric constant (ε') decreases. 30537501 2 18 theme nanocomposite 506:518 arg1 membranes 520:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 2 19 theme chitosan/calcium 464:479 arg1 membranes 520:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 6 20 theme dielectric 1375:1384 arg1 ε 1396:1396 ε' 1396:1397 ε' 1396:1397 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 6 20 theme dielectric 1375:1384 arg1 constant 1386:1393 lesser dielectric constant 1368:1393 lesser dielectric constant (ε') 1368:1398 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 4 21 theme Al2O3 938:942 arg1 incorporation 921:933 the incorporation 917:933 the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix 917:959 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 0 22 theme gel 4:6 arg1 synthesis 8:16 Sol gel synthesis 0:16 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 0:59 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 1 23 theme electrical 393:402 arg1 properties 416:425 electrical and optical properties 393:425 electrical and optical properties 393:425 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 24 theme CO2 685:687 arg1 gas 689:691 CO2 gas 685:691 CO2 gas 685:691 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 3 25 theme dielectric 865:874 arg1 measurements 876:887 dielectric measurements 865:887 dielectric measurements 865:887 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 1 26 theme various 189:195 arg1 kinds 197:201 various kinds 189:201 various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 189:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 0 27 theme Sol 0:2 arg1 synthesis 8:16 Sol gel synthesis 0:16 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 0:59 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 3 28 theme CH/CAS 757:762 arg1 loading 787:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading 742:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 742:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 2 29 theme acidic 621:626 arg1 conditions 628:637 acidic conditions 621:637 acidic conditions 621:637 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 4 30 theme structural 991:1000 arg1 dielectric 1003:1012 the structural, dielectric 987:1012 dielectric 1003:1012 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 7 31 theme gas 1499:1501 arg1 sensor 1503:1508 CO2 gas sensor 1495:1508 CO2 gas sensor 1495:1508 Correspondingly, the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes were characterized and its performance as CO2 gas sensor was evaluated. 30537501 2 32 theme hybrid 457:462 arg1 membranes 520:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 3 33 theme nanocomposite 764:776 arg1 loading 787:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading 742:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 742:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 2 34 theme modified 448:455 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 35 theme improved 298:305 arg1 properties 307:316 some improved properties 293:316 some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties 293:425 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 6 36 theme lesser 1368:1373 arg1 ε 1396:1396 ε' 1396:1397 ε' 1396:1397 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 6 36 theme lesser 1368:1373 arg1 constant 1386:1393 lesser dielectric constant 1368:1393 lesser dielectric constant (ε') 1368:1398 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 1 37 theme polymers 206:213 arg1 kinds 197:201 various kinds 189:201 various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 189:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 0 38 theme chitosan/calcium 28:43 arg1 aluminosilicate 45:59 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 21:59 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 21:59 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 3 39 theme fabricated 746:755 arg1 loading 787:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading 742:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 742:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 2 40 theme 7 mol 553:557 arg1 % 558:558 3, 5 & 7 mol% 546:558 3, 5 & 7 mol% 546:558 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 2 40 theme 7 mol 553:557 arg1 doped 534:538 doped 534:538 doped 534:538 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 41 theme optical 408:414 arg1 properties 416:425 electrical and optical properties 393:425 electrical and optical properties 393:425 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 0 42 theme hybrid 21:26 arg1 aluminosilicate 45:59 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 21:59 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 21:59 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 2 43 theme & 551:551 arg1 % 558:558 3, 5 & 7 mol% 546:558 3, 5 & 7 mol% 546:558 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 2 43 theme & 551:551 arg1 doped 534:538 doped 534:538 doped 534:538 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 2 44 theme moderate 706:713 arg1 temperatures 715:726 moderate temperatures 706:726 moderate temperatures 706:726 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 45 theme nanoparticles 216:228 arg1 kinds 197:201 various kinds 189:201 various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 189:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 46 theme CH/CAS 498:503 arg1 membranes 520:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 47 theme more 327:330 arg1 attention 332:340 more attention nowadays 327:349 more attention nowadays 327:349 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 0 48 theme aluminosilicate 45:59 arg1 synthesis 8:16 Sol gel synthesis 0:16 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate 0:59 Sol gel synthesis of hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate nanocomposite membranes and its application as support for CO2 sensor. 30537501 3 49 theme membrane 778:785 arg1 loading 787:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading 742:793 the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 742:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 1 50 dep order 277:281 arg1 obtain 286:291 obtain 286:291 to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties 283:425 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 5 51 theme dielectric 1153:1162 arg1 ε 1174:1174 ε 1174:1174 ε 1174:1174 The dielectric behaviour for the prepared CH/CAS indicates that the dielectric constant (ε') decreases. 30537501 5 51 theme dielectric 1153:1162 arg1 constant 1164:1171 the dielectric constant 1149:1171 the dielectric constant (ε') 1149:1176 The dielectric behaviour for the prepared CH/CAS indicates that the dielectric constant (ε') decreases. 30537501 6 52 theme system 1274:1279 arg1 crystallinity 1253:1265 the crystallinity 1249:1265 the crystallinity of the system 1249:1279 According to XRD the introducing of Al2O3 leads to increase the crystallinity of the system and thus the dipoles of the system orient hardly with the applied field and results in lesser dielectric constant (ε'). 30537501 4 53 from incorporation 921:933 arg1 matrix 954:959 CH/CAS matrix 947:959 CH/CAS matrix 947:959 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 3 54 theme & 806:806 arg1 % 813:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 3, 5 & 7 mol% 801:813 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 3 54 theme & 806:806 arg1 Al2O3 816:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 800:820 Furthermore, the fabricated CH/CAS nanocomposite membrane loading with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 were investigated using XRD, SEM, FTIR and dielectric measurements. 30537501 7 55 theme CH/CAS 1422:1427 arg1 membranes 1443:1451 the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes 1418:1451 the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes 1418:1451 Correspondingly, the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes were characterized and its performance as CO2 gas sensor was evaluated. 30537501 2 56 theme Al2O3 561:565 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 57 theme new 234:236 arg1 composites 263:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 4 58 theme CH/CAS 947:952 arg1 matrix 954:959 CH/CAS matrix 947:959 CH/CAS matrix 947:959 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 1 59 theme chitosan 148:155 arg1 Modification 132:143 Modification 132:143 Modification 132:143 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 4 60 theme atmospheric 1063:1073 arg1 pressure 1075:1082 atmospheric pressure 1063:1082 atmospheric pressure 1063:1082 The results indicated that the incorporation of Al2O3 in CH/CAS matrix significantly affected on the structural, dielectric and appeared good reliability for sensing CO2 at atmospheric pressure. 30537501 1 61 theme organic-inorganic 238:254 arg1 composites 263:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30537501 2 62 theme doped 534:538 arg1 nanoparticles 567:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles 448:579 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 7 63 theme nanocomposite 1429:1441 arg1 membranes 1443:1451 the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes 1418:1451 the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes 1418:1451 Correspondingly, the CH/CAS nanocomposite membranes were characterized and its performance as CO2 gas sensor was evaluated. 30537501 2 64 theme aluminosilicate 481:495 arg1 membranes 520:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes 457:528 In the current work modified hybrid chitosan/calcium aluminosilicate (CH/CAS) nanocomposite membranes and doped with (3, 5 & 7 mol%) Al2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized via sol-gel process in acidic conditions, which can be efficiently employed to capture CO2 gas at lower and moderate temperatures. 30537501 1 65 theme hybrid 256:261 arg1 composites 263:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 new organic-inorganic hybrid composites 234:272 Modification of chitosan with cross-linkers, blends with various kinds of polymers, nanoparticles and new organic-inorganic hybrid composites in order to obtain some improved properties attached more attention nowadays due to their good sensitivity in changing electrical and optical properties. 30144551 0 0 theme wound 120:124 arg1 dressing 126:133 wound dressing 120:133 wound dressing 120:133 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 4 1 theme antibacterial 859:871 arg1 activity 873:880 antibacterial activity 859:880 antibacterial activity 859:880 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 2 2 theme physicochemical 469:483 arg1 ratio 495:499 physicochemical, swelling ratio 469:499 physicochemical, swelling ratio 469:499 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 3 theme composite 288:296 arg1 membranes 298:306 Three composite membranes 282:306 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) 282:449 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 3 theme composite 288:296 arg1 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 397:435 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 397:435 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) 397:449 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 3 theme composite 288:296 arg1 chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite 346:378 chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite 346:378 chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) 346:391 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 3 theme composite 288:296 arg1 chitosan-collagen 318:334 chitosan-collagen 318:334 chitosan-collagen (CS-COL) 318:343 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 4 dep physicochemical 469:483 arg1 swelling 486:493 swelling 486:493 swelling 486:493 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 0 5 theme dressing 126:133 arg1 activity 108:115 antibacterial activity 94:115 antibacterial activity of wound dressing 94:133 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 3 6 theme degradation 687:697 arg1 ratio 699:703 lower degradation ratio 681:703 lower degradation ratio 681:703 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 4 7 theme composite 829:837 arg1 membrane 839:846 CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 817:846 CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 817:846 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 2 8 theme degradation 502:512 arg1 ratio 514:518 degradation ratio 502:518 degradation ratio in vitro 502:527 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 0 9 theme Callicarpa 0:9 arg1 nudiflora 11:19 Callicarpa nudiflora 0:19 Callicarpa nudiflora 0:19 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 3 10 theme excellent 716:724 arg1 properties 748:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 4 11 dep % 899:899 arg1 to 901:902 to 901:902 to 901:902 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 2 12 theme moisture 533:540 arg1 properties 555:564 moisture permeability properties 533:564 moisture permeability properties 533:564 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 2 13 theme permeability 542:553 arg1 properties 555:564 moisture permeability properties 533:564 moisture permeability properties 533:564 Three composite membranes including chitosan-collagen (CS-COL), chitosan-collagen/montmorillonite (CS-COL/MMT) and chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite (CS-COL/OMMT) were studied from physicochemical, swelling ratio, degradation ratio in vitro and moisture permeability properties. 30144551 1 14 theme biopolymer 138:147 arg1 dressing 272:279 a wound dressing 264:279 a wound dressing 264:279 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 1 14 theme biopolymer 138:147 arg1 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 158:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 136:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) 136:246 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 1 15 theme wound 266:270 arg1 dressing 272:279 a wound dressing 264:279 a wound dressing 264:279 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 1 15 theme wound 266:270 arg1 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 158:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 136:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) 136:246 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 0 16 theme composite 71:79 arg1 membrane 81:88 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane 31:88 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing 31:133 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 3 17 with membrane 593:600 arg1 structure 622:630 porous layered structure 607:630 porous layered structure 607:630 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 3 18 theme CS-COL/OMMT 571:581 arg1 membrane 593:600 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 567:600 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure 567:630 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 0 19 theme chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 31:69 arg1 membrane 81:88 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane 31:88 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing 31:133 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 3 20 theme composite 583:591 arg1 membrane 593:600 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 567:600 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure 567:630 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 3 21 theme moisture 726:733 arg1 properties 748:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 1 22 theme membrane 149:156 arg1 dressing 272:279 a wound dressing 264:279 a wound dressing 264:279 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 1 22 theme membrane 149:156 arg1 chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 158:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite 136:196 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) 136:246 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 3 23 theme permeability 735:746 arg1 properties 748:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 rather excellent moisture permeability properties 709:757 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 4 24 theme 20.20 ± 0.50 887:898 arg1 % 899:899 % 899:899 % 899:899 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 1 25 theme Callicarpa 210:219 arg1 nudiflora 221:229 Callicarpa nudiflora 210:229 Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) 210:246 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 1 25 theme Callicarpa 210:219 arg1 CS-COL/CN-OMMT 232:245 CS-COL/CN-OMMT 232:245 CS-COL/CN-OMMT 232:245 A biopolymer membrane chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite loaded with Callicarpa nudiflora (CS-COL/CN-OMMT) was prepared as a wound dressing. 30144551 3 26 theme porous 607:612 arg1 structure 622:630 porous layered structure 607:630 porous layered structure 607:630 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 3 27 theme lower 681:685 arg1 ratio 699:703 lower degradation ratio 681:703 lower degradation ratio 681:703 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 3 28 theme layered 614:620 arg1 structure 622:630 porous layered structure 607:630 porous layered structure 607:630 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 4 29 theme 68.60 ± 0.10 904:915 arg1 % 899:899 % 899:899 % 899:899 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 3 30 theme other 764:768 arg1 membranes 770:778 other membranes 764:778 other membranes 764:778 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 3 31 theme higher 658:663 arg1 swelling 665:672 a significantly higher swelling 642:672 a significantly higher swelling ratio 642:678 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 30144551 4 32 theme CS-COL/OMMT 817:827 arg1 membrane 839:846 CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 817:846 CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane 817:846 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 4 33 theme Callicarpa 781:790 arg1 nudiflora 792:800 Callicarpa nudiflora 781:800 Callicarpa nudiflora 781:800 Callicarpa nudiflora were loaded on CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane to improve antibacterial activity from 20.20 ± 0.50% to 68.60 ± 0.10%. 30144551 0 34 theme antibacterial 94:106 arg1 activity 108:115 antibacterial activity 94:115 antibacterial activity of wound dressing 94:133 Callicarpa nudiflora loaded on chitosan-collagen/organomontmorillonite composite membrane for antibacterial activity of wound dressing. 30144551 3 35 theme swelling 665:672 arg1 ratio 674:678 a significantly higher swelling ratio 642:678 a significantly higher swelling ratio 642:678 The CS-COL/OMMT composite membrane with porous layered structure exhibited a significantly higher swelling ratio, lower degradation ratio and rather excellent moisture permeability properties than other membranes. 29578386 3 0 theme delivery 676:683 arg1 properties 685:694 drug delivery properties 671:694 drug delivery properties 671:694 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 5 1 theme MEMs 861:864 arg1 diameters 819:827 The average diameters 807:827 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs 807:864 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 5 1 theme MEMs 861:864 arg1 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 0 2 theme Ca-Alg/CS 68:76 arg1 therapy 48:54 add-on therapy 41:54 add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS 41:76 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 0 3 from influence 4:12 arg1 therapy 48:54 add-on therapy 41:54 add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS 41:76 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 2 4 dep drugs 432:436 arg1 metformin 456:464 metformin 456:464 metformin (MET) 456:470 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 4 dep drugs 432:436 arg1 insulin 438:444 insulin 438:444 insulin (INS) 438:450 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 4 dep drugs 432:436 arg1 drugs 432:436 two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) 415:470 two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs 415:485 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 4 dep drugs 432:436 arg1 MET 467:469 MET 467:469 MET 467:469 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 4 dep drugs 432:436 arg1 INS 447:449 INS 447:449 INS 447:449 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 8 5 from MET 1246:1248 arg1 INS 1267:1269 INS 1267:1269 INS 1267:1269 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 8 5 from MET 1246:1248 arg1 inner 1257:1261 inner 1257:1261 inner 1257:1261 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 8 5 from MET 1246:1248 arg1 space 1284:1288 the outer space 1274:1288 the outer space 1274:1288 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 7 6 theme encapsulation 1027:1039 arg1 efficiency 1041:1050 encapsulation efficiency 1027:1050 encapsulation efficiency 1027:1050 Moreover, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of INS were higher than that of MET in this system when drugs were loaded alone or together. 29578386 1 7 theme MEMs 244:247 arg1 system 250:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 2 8 theme model 475:479 arg1 drugs 481:485 model drugs 475:485 model drugs 475:485 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 9 9 theme MEMs 1430:1433 arg1 system 1435:1440 the designed MEMs system 1417:1440 the designed MEMs system 1417:1440 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 2 10 theme system 553:558 arg1 distribution 520:531 different spatial distribution appropriate 502:543 different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system 502:558 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 9 11 theme higher 1456:1461 arg1 effect 1476:1481 a higher hypoglycemic effect 1454:1481 a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy 1454:1503 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 2 12 theme MEMs 548:551 arg1 system 553:558 MEMs system 548:558 MEMs system 548:558 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 4 13 theme Typical 733:739 arg1 structure 755:763 Typical multi-chamber structure 733:763 Typical multi-chamber structure 733:763 Typical multi-chamber structure was shown by SEM and the optical spectra. 29578386 8 14 theme orderly 1193:1199 arg1 release 1206:1212 orderly drug release 1193:1212 orderly drug release 1193:1212 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 5 15 theme average 811:817 arg1 diameters 819:827 The average diameters 807:827 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs 807:864 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 5 15 theme average 811:817 arg1 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 1 16 theme high 343:346 arg1 generator 378:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 4 17 theme optical 790:796 arg1 spectra 798:804 the optical spectra 786:804 the optical spectra 786:804 Typical multi-chamber structure was shown by SEM and the optical spectra. 29578386 6 18 theme FT-IR 985:989 arg1 spectra 991:997 FT-IR spectra 985:997 FT-IR spectra 985:997 Insulin and MET were embedded into MEMs via electrostatic reaction according to FT-IR spectra. 29578386 1 19 theme diabetes 155:162 arg1 mellitus 164:171 the diabetes mellitus 151:171 the diabetes mellitus 151:171 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 2 20 theme antidiabetic 419:430 arg1 metformin 456:464 metformin 456:464 metformin (MET) 456:470 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 20 theme antidiabetic 419:430 arg1 insulin 438:444 insulin 438:444 insulin (INS) 438:450 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 2 20 theme antidiabetic 419:430 arg1 drugs 432:436 two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) 415:470 two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs 415:485 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 1 21 theme voltage 348:354 arg1 generator 378:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 8 22 contain has 1175:1177 arg2 potential 1179:1187 potential 1179:1187 potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release 1179:1239 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 8 22 contain has 1175:1177 arg1 system 1168:1173 this system 1163:1173 this system 1163:1173 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 9 23 theme hypoglycemic 1463:1474 arg1 effect 1476:1481 a higher hypoglycemic effect 1454:1481 a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy 1454:1503 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 7 24 theme drug 1010:1013 arg1 loading 1015:1021 drug loading 1010:1021 drug loading 1010:1021 Moreover, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of INS were higher than that of MET in this system when drugs were loaded alone or together. 29578386 1 25 theme mellitus 164:171 arg1 toxicity 139:146 the systemic toxicity 126:146 the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus 126:171 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 1 26 theme emulsion 317:324 arg1 gelation 326:333 emulsion gelation 317:333 emulsion gelation 317:333 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 7 27 theme INS 1055:1057 arg1 loading 1015:1021 drug loading 1010:1021 drug loading 1010:1021 Moreover, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of INS were higher than that of MET in this system when drugs were loaded alone or together. 29578386 7 27 theme INS 1055:1057 arg1 efficiency 1041:1050 encapsulation efficiency 1027:1050 encapsulation efficiency 1027:1050 Moreover, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of INS were higher than that of MET in this system when drugs were loaded alone or together. 29578386 3 28 theme encapsulation 617:629 arg1 efficiency 631:640 encapsulation efficiency 617:640 encapsulation efficiency 617:640 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 0 29 theme spatial 17:23 arg1 distribution 25:36 spatial distribution 17:36 spatial distribution 17:36 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 2 30 theme different 502:510 arg1 distribution 520:531 different spatial distribution appropriate 502:543 different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system 502:558 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 9 31 theme obtained 1350:1357 arg1 data 1380:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data 1346:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats 1346:1400 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 9 32 theme add-on 1490:1495 arg1 therapy 1497:1503 add-on therapy 1490:1503 add-on therapy 1490:1503 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 8 33 theme outer 1278:1282 arg1 space 1284:1288 the outer space 1274:1288 the outer space 1274:1288 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 1 34 theme electrostatic 356:368 arg1 generator 378:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 8 35 theme drug 1201:1204 arg1 release 1206:1212 orderly drug release 1193:1212 orderly drug release 1193:1212 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 1 36 theme calcium 275:281 arg1 Ca-Alg/CS 302:310 Ca-Alg/CS 302:310 Ca-Alg/CS 302:310 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 1 36 theme calcium 275:281 arg1 alginate/chitosan 283:299 calcium alginate/chitosan 275:299 calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS) 275:311 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 1 37 theme droplet 370:376 arg1 generator 378:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator 341:386 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 5 38 theme microparticles 832:845 arg1 diameters 819:827 The average diameters 807:827 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs 807:864 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 5 38 theme microparticles 832:845 arg1 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 2100 nm 871:877 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 8 39 theme well 1218:1221 arg1 release 1233:1239 well sustained release 1218:1239 well sustained release 1218:1239 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 0 40 theme distribution 25:36 arg1 influence 4:12 The influence 0:12 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS 0:76 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 6 41 theme electrostatic 949:961 arg1 reaction 963:970 electrostatic reaction 949:970 electrostatic reaction according to FT-IR spectra 949:997 Insulin and MET were embedded into MEMs via electrostatic reaction according to FT-IR spectra. 29578386 9 42 theme diabetes 1388:1395 arg1 rats 1397:1400 diabetes rats 1388:1400 diabetes rats 1388:1400 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 3 43 theme drug 671:674 arg1 properties 685:694 drug delivery properties 671:694 drug delivery properties 671:694 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 0 44 theme add-on 41:46 arg1 therapy 48:54 add-on therapy 41:54 add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS 41:76 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 3 45 theme MEMs 720:723 arg1 system 725:730 the MEMs system 716:730 the MEMs system 716:730 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 2 46 theme appropriate 533:543 arg1 distribution 520:531 different spatial distribution appropriate 502:543 different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system 502:558 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 3 47 theme drug 646:649 arg1 loading 651:657 drug loading 646:657 drug loading 646:657 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 8 48 theme combination 1312:1322 arg1 MET 1246:1248 MET 1246:1248 MET in the inner and INS in the outer space 1246:1288 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 8 48 theme combination 1312:1322 arg1 therapy 1324:1330 a combination therapy 1310:1330 a combination therapy for diabetes 1310:1343 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 9 49 from data 1380:1383 arg1 rats 1397:1400 diabetes rats 1388:1400 diabetes rats 1388:1400 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 8 50 theme sustained 1223:1231 arg1 release 1233:1239 well sustained release 1218:1239 well sustained release 1218:1239 More importantly, this system has potential for orderly drug release and well sustained release when MET in the inner and INS in the outer space could be applied as a combination therapy for diabetes. 29578386 3 51 theme particle 587:594 arg1 size 596:599 particle size 587:599 particle size 587:599 Characterization based on particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, as well as drug delivery properties were carried out on the MEMs system. 29578386 9 52 theme experimental 1367:1378 arg1 data 1380:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data 1346:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats 1346:1400 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 2 53 theme spatial 512:518 arg1 distribution 520:531 different spatial distribution appropriate 502:543 different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system 502:558 In our study, we selected two antidiabetic drugs insulin (INS) and metformin (MET) as model drugs to investigate different spatial distribution appropriate of MEMs system. 29578386 4 54 theme multi-chamber 741:753 arg1 structure 755:763 Typical multi-chamber structure 733:763 Typical multi-chamber structure 733:763 Typical multi-chamber structure was shown by SEM and the optical spectra. 29578386 5 55 theme Ca-Alg/CS 851:859 arg1 MEMs 861:864 Ca-Alg/CS MEMs 851:864 Ca-Alg/CS MEMs 851:864 The average diameters of microparticles and Ca-Alg/CS MEMs were 2100 nm and 410 μm, respectively. 29578386 1 56 theme novel 199:203 arg1 system 250:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 0 57 theme designed 59:66 arg1 Ca-Alg/CS 68:76 designed Ca-Alg/CS 59:76 designed Ca-Alg/CS 59:76 The influence of spatial distribution on add-on therapy of designed Ca-Alg/CS MEMs system. 29578386 9 58 dep in 1359:1360 arg1 vivo 1362:1365 vivo 1362:1365 vivo 1362:1365 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 9 59 theme designed 1421:1428 arg1 system 1435:1440 the designed MEMs system 1417:1440 the designed MEMs system 1417:1440 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 9 60 theme in 1359:1360 arg1 data 1380:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data 1346:1383 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats 1346:1400 The obtained in vivo experimental data on diabetes rats has shown that the designed MEMs system resulted in a higher hypoglycemic effect within add-on therapy. 29578386 1 61 theme microparticles-embedded 205:227 arg1 system 250:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 1 62 theme systemic 130:137 arg1 toxicity 139:146 the systemic toxicity 126:146 the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus 126:171 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 29578386 1 63 theme microcapsules 229:241 arg1 system 250:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system 197:255 To improve the efficacy and reduce the systemic toxicity of the diabetes mellitus, herewith, we developed a novel microparticles-embedded microcapsules (MEMs) system, synthesized from calcium alginate/chitosan (Ca-Alg/CS), by emulsion gelation using a high voltage electrostatic droplet generator. 31590872 9 0 theme dressing 1266:1273 arg1 material 1275:1282 a promising dressing material 1254:1282 a promising dressing material for chronic wounds 1254:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 9 0 theme dressing 1266:1273 arg1 sponge 1244:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 8 1 dep in 1082:1083 arg1 vivo 1085:1088 vivo 1085:1088 vivo 1085:1088 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 8 1 dep in 1082:1083 arg1 anti-infection 1090:1103 anti-infection 1090:1103 anti-infection 1090:1103 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 5 2 theme hydrophobic 618:628 arg1 surface 636:642 hydrophobic outer surface 618:642 hydrophobic outer surface 618:642 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 6 3 theme water-absorbing 814:828 arg1 capability 830:839 water-absorbing capability 814:839 water-absorbing capability 814:839 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 2 4 theme composite 315:323 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 7 5 theme composite 979:987 arg1 sponge 989:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 0 6 theme chronic 91:97 arg1 healing 105:111 chronic wound healing 91:111 chronic wound healing 91:111 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable chitosan-based sponge and its role in promoting chronic wound healing. 31590872 5 7 theme outer 630:634 arg1 surface 636:642 hydrophobic outer surface 618:642 hydrophobic outer surface 618:642 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 5 8 theme Asymmetric 564:573 arg1 modification 575:586 Asymmetric modification 564:586 Asymmetric modification 564:586 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 2 9 theme nanoparticles 278:290 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 4 10 theme sponge 556:561 arg1 activity 537:544 the antibacterial activity 519:544 the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge 519:561 The incorporated TMC NPs could improve the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge. 31590872 9 11 theme composite 1234:1242 arg1 material 1275:1282 a promising dressing material 1254:1282 a promising dressing material for chronic wounds 1254:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 9 11 theme composite 1234:1242 arg1 sponge 1244:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 2 12 theme chitosan 269:276 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 4 13 theme CS 553:554 arg1 sponge 556:561 the CS sponge 549:561 the CS sponge 549:561 The incorporated TMC NPs could improve the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge. 31590872 6 14 theme hydrophilic 784:794 arg1 surface 796:802 the hydrophilic surface 780:802 the hydrophilic surface 780:802 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 6 15 theme hydrophobic 679:689 arg1 surface 691:697 The hydrophobic surface 675:697 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge 675:711 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 1 16 theme impaired 163:170 arg1 healing 178:184 an impaired wound healing 160:184 an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection 160:212 Cutaneous chronic wounds are characterized by an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection. 31590872 0 17 theme wound 99:103 arg1 healing 105:111 chronic wound healing 91:111 chronic wound healing 91:111 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable chitosan-based sponge and its role in promoting chronic wound healing. 31590872 5 18 theme CS 600:601 arg1 sponge 603:608 the CS sponge 596:608 the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface 596:672 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 2 19 theme quaternary 249:258 arg1 ammonium 260:267 a novel quaternary ammonium 241:267 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 1 20 theme wound 172:176 arg1 healing 178:184 an impaired wound healing 160:184 an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection 160:212 Cutaneous chronic wounds are characterized by an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection. 31590872 4 21 theme antibacterial 523:535 arg1 activity 537:544 the antibacterial activity 519:544 the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge 519:561 The incorporated TMC NPs could improve the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge. 31590872 7 22 dep in 908:909 arg1 vivo 911:914 vivo 911:914 vivo 911:914 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 7 22 dep in 908:909 arg1 chronic 916:922 chronic 916:922 chronic 916:922 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 8 23 theme composite 1131:1139 arg1 sponge 1141:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 9 24 theme NPs/CS 1227:1232 arg1 material 1275:1282 a promising dressing material 1254:1282 a promising dressing material for chronic wounds 1254:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 9 24 theme NPs/CS 1227:1232 arg1 sponge 1244:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 7 25 theme healing 930:936 arg1 evaluation 944:953 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 2 26 theme NPs 297:299 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 2 27 theme wettability 348:358 arg1 surfaces 360:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 0 28 theme novel 17:21 arg1 wettable 34:41 a novel asymmetric wettable 15:41 a novel asymmetric wettable 15:41 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable chitosan-based sponge and its role in promoting chronic wound healing. 31590872 9 29 theme promising 1256:1264 arg1 material 1275:1282 a promising dressing material 1254:1282 a promising dressing material for chronic wounds 1254:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 9 29 theme promising 1256:1264 arg1 sponge 1244:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 7 30 theme TMC 968:970 arg1 sponge 989:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 2 31 theme TMC 293:295 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 7 32 theme NPs/CS 972:977 arg1 sponge 989:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 968:994 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 7 33 theme wound 1009:1013 arg1 healing 1015:1021 the wound healing 1005:1021 the wound healing 1005:1021 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 6 34 theme bacteria 880:887 arg1 growth 870:875 the growth 866:875 the growth of bacteria 866:887 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 2 35 dep ammonium 260:267 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 0 36 theme wettable 34:41 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable 0:41 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable chitosan-based sponge and its role in promoting chronic wound healing. 31590872 2 37 theme CS 312:313 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 8 38 theme NPs/CS 1124:1129 arg1 sponge 1141:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 0 39 theme asymmetric 23:32 arg1 wettable 34:41 a novel asymmetric wettable 15:41 a novel asymmetric wettable 15:41 Preparation of a novel asymmetric wettable chitosan-based sponge and its role in promoting chronic wound healing. 31590872 4 40 theme TMC 497:499 arg1 NPs 501:503 The incorporated TMC NPs 480:503 The incorporated TMC NPs 480:503 The incorporated TMC NPs could improve the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge. 31590872 3 41 theme optimum 400:406 arg1 concentrations 408:421 The optimum concentrations 396:421 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS 396:439 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 3 41 theme optimum 400:406 arg1 % 463:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 9 42 theme chronic 1288:1294 arg1 wounds 1296:1301 chronic wounds 1288:1301 chronic wounds 1288:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 6 43 theme contaminant 748:758 arg1 properties 760:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 3 44 theme CS 438:439 arg1 concentrations 408:421 The optimum concentrations 396:421 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS 396:439 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 3 44 theme CS 438:439 arg1 % 463:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 4 45 theme incorporated 484:495 arg1 NPs 501:503 The incorporated TMC NPs 480:503 The incorporated TMC NPs 480:503 The incorporated TMC NPs could improve the antibacterial activity of the CS sponge. 31590872 3 46 theme TMC 426:428 arg1 NPs 430:432 TMC NPs 426:432 TMC NPs 426:432 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 6 47 theme anti-adhesion 734:746 arg1 properties 760:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 9 48 theme TMC 1223:1225 arg1 material 1275:1282 a promising dressing material 1254:1282 a promising dressing material for chronic wounds 1254:1301 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 9 48 theme TMC 1223:1225 arg1 sponge 1244:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1223:1249 These findings demonstrate that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge is a promising dressing material for chronic wounds. 31590872 8 49 theme TMC 1120:1122 arg1 sponge 1141:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge 1116:1146 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 5 50 theme hydrophilic 648:658 arg1 surface 666:672 hydrophilic inner surface 648:672 hydrophilic inner surface 648:672 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 8 51 theme in 1082:1083 arg1 test 1105:1108 in vivo anti-infection test 1082:1108 in vivo anti-infection test 1082:1108 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 1 52 theme Cutaneous 114:122 arg1 wounds 132:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds 114:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds 114:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds are characterized by an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection. 31590872 7 53 theme model 938:942 arg1 evaluation 944:953 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 5 54 theme inner 660:664 arg1 surface 666:672 hydrophilic inner surface 648:672 hydrophilic inner surface 648:672 Asymmetric modification enables the CS sponge to have hydrophobic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface. 31590872 2 55 theme novel 243:247 arg1 ammonium 260:267 a novel quaternary ammonium 241:267 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 6 56 theme waterproof 719:728 arg1 properties 760:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties 719:769 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 1 57 theme chronic 124:130 arg1 wounds 132:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds 114:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds 114:137 Cutaneous chronic wounds are characterized by an impaired wound healing which may lead to infection. 31590872 7 58 theme wound 924:928 arg1 healing 930:936 in vivo chronic wound healing 908:936 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 2 59 with ammonium 260:267 arg1 surfaces 360:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 2 60 theme /chitosan 301:309 arg1 sponge 325:330 chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge 269:330 a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces 241:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 7 61 theme in 908:909 arg1 healing 930:936 in vivo chronic wound healing 908:936 in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation 908:953 More importantly, in vivo chronic wound healing model evaluation reveals that TMC NPs/CS composite sponge promotes the wound healing and accelerates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis. 31590872 8 62 theme wound 1174:1178 arg1 infection 1180:1188 wound infection 1174:1188 wound infection 1174:1188 And in vivo anti-infection test shows the TMC NPs/CS composite sponge could effectively prevent wound infection. 31590872 6 63 theme sponge 706:711 arg1 surface 691:697 The hydrophobic surface 675:697 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge 675:711 The hydrophobic surface of the sponge shows waterproof and anti-adhesion contaminant properties, whereas the hydrophilic surface preserves water-absorbing capability and efficiently inhibits the growth of bacteria. 31590872 2 64 theme asymmetric 337:346 arg1 surfaces 360:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 asymmetric wettability surfaces 337:367 To surmount this problem, a novel quaternary ammonium chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs)/chitosan (CS)composite sponge with asymmetric wettability surfaces was successfully prepared. 31590872 3 65 theme NPs 430:432 arg1 concentrations 408:421 The optimum concentrations 396:421 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS 396:439 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 31590872 3 65 theme NPs 430:432 arg1 % 463:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0% 446:463 The optimum concentrations of TMC NPs and CS were 0.2 mg/mL and 2.0%, respectively. 29796807 5 0 theme 5 726:726 arg1 % 727:727 % 727:727 % 727:727 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 4 1 theme animal 460:465 arg1 proteins 467:474 no animal proteins 457:474 no animal proteins 457:474 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 5 2 theme % 712:712 arg1 sucrose 714:720 10% sucrose 710:720 10% sucrose 710:720 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 0 3 theme Infectious 78:87 arg1 Activity 89:96 Infectious Activity 78:96 Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus 78:115 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 6 4 theme possible 864:871 arg1 break 873:877 possible break 864:877 possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations 864:970 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 4 5 theme protective 429:438 arg1 media 440:444 protective media 429:444 protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen 429:501 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 0 6 theme Influenza 101:109 arg1 Virus 111:115 Influenza Virus 101:115 Influenza Virus 101:115 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 5 7 theme optimum 524:530 arg1 regimen 547:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen 520:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen 520:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 8 theme 24°C. 636:640 arg1 medium 653:658 24°C. Protective medium 636:658 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose 636:682 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 6 9 from break 873:877 arg1 chain 891:895 the cold chain 882:895 the cold chain 882:895 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 6 9 from break 873:877 arg1 important 907:915 important 907:915 important 907:915 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 3 10 theme prion 334:338 arg1 diseases 340:347 spreading prion diseases 324:347 spreading prion diseases 324:347 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 5 11 theme main 601:604 arg1 stage 606:610 main stage 601:610 main stage at -35°C 601:619 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 2 12 theme vaccine 279:285 arg1 quality 264:270 the quality 260:270 the quality of the vaccine after drying 260:298 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 0 13 theme Virus 111:115 arg1 Activity 89:96 Infectious Activity 78:96 Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus 78:115 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 5 14 theme soy 729:731 arg1 peptone 733:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 15 theme 10 710:711 arg1 % 712:712 % 712:712 % 712:712 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 3 16 theme media 361:365 arg1 use 354:356 the use 350:356 the use of media containing animal proteins 350:392 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 3 17 theme risk 316:319 arg1 view 304:307 view 304:307 view of the risk of spreading prion diseases 304:347 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 5 18 theme 4-24°C 830:835 arg1 range 821:825 temperature range 809:825 temperature range of 4-24°C 809:835 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 19 from -35°C 615:619 arg1 -70°C 594:598 -70°C 594:598 -70°C 594:598 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 19 from -35°C 615:619 arg1 stage 606:610 main stage 601:610 main stage at -35°C 601:619 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 19 from -35°C 615:619 arg1 drying 626:631 drying 626:631 drying 626:631 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 3 20 contain containing 367:376 arg1 media 361:365 media 361:365 media containing animal proteins 361:392 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 3 20 contain containing 367:376 arg2 proteins 385:392 animal proteins 378:392 animal proteins 378:392 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 5 21 with medium 653:658 arg1 peptone 733:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 21 with medium 653:658 arg1 sucrose 714:720 10% sucrose 710:720 10% sucrose 710:720 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 0 22 theme Stabilizer 19:28 arg1 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 0:116 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 5 23 theme % 672:672 arg1 trehalose 674:682 4% trehalose 671:682 4% trehalose 671:682 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 24 theme vaccine 786:792 arg1 preparation 794:804 the lyophilized vaccine preparation 770:804 the lyophilized vaccine preparation 770:804 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 25 theme lyophilized 774:784 arg1 preparation 794:804 the lyophilized vaccine preparation 770:804 the lyophilized vaccine preparation 770:804 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 26 from stage 606:610 arg1 freezing 582:589 freezing 582:589 freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 582:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 27 from -70°C 594:598 arg1 freezing 582:589 freezing 582:589 freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 582:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 28 theme preparation 794:804 arg1 stability 757:765 highest stability 749:765 highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation 749:804 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 0 29 theme Conditions 34:43 arg1 Composition 0:10 Composition 0:10 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 0:116 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 5 30 theme protective 687:696 arg1 medium 698:703 protective medium 687:703 protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 687:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 31 from medium 698:703 arg1 freezing 582:589 freezing 582:589 freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 582:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 2 32 theme important 230:238 arg1 parameter 240:248 an important parameter 227:248 an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying 227:298 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 2 32 theme important 230:238 arg1 composition 187:197 The composition 183:197 The composition of the protective medium 183:222 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 5 33 theme lyophilization 532:545 arg1 regimen 547:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen 520:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen 520:553 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 3 34 theme diseases 340:347 arg1 risk 316:319 the risk 312:319 the risk of spreading prion diseases 312:347 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 3 35 theme animal 378:383 arg1 proteins 385:392 animal proteins 378:392 animal proteins 378:392 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 5 36 contain containing 660:669 arg2 trehalose 674:682 4% trehalose 671:682 4% trehalose 671:682 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 36 contain containing 660:669 arg1 medium 653:658 24°C. Protective medium 636:658 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose 636:682 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 37 theme Protective 642:651 arg1 medium 653:658 24°C. Protective medium 636:658 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose 636:682 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 3 38 theme spreading 324:332 arg1 diseases 340:347 spreading prion diseases 324:347 spreading prion diseases 324:347 In view of the risk of spreading prion diseases, the use of media containing animal proteins is not recommended. 29796807 5 39 with medium 698:703 arg1 peptone 733:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 39 with medium 698:703 arg1 sucrose 714:720 10% sucrose 710:720 10% sucrose 710:720 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 40 theme highest 749:755 arg1 stability 757:765 highest stability 749:765 highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation 749:804 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 6 41 theme cold 886:889 arg1 chain 891:895 the cold chain 882:895 the cold chain 882:895 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 6 41 theme cold 886:889 arg1 important 907:915 important 907:915 important 907:915 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 2 42 theme medium 217:222 arg1 composition 187:197 The composition 183:197 The composition of the protective medium 183:222 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 2 42 theme medium 217:222 arg1 parameter 240:248 an important parameter 227:248 an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying 227:298 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 5 43 from drying 626:631 arg1 freezing 582:589 freezing 582:589 freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 582:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 2 44 theme protective 206:215 arg1 medium 217:222 the protective medium 202:222 the protective medium 202:222 The composition of the protective medium is an important parameter affecting the quality of the vaccine after drying. 29796807 0 45 dep Stabilizer 19:28 arg1 the 15:17 the 15:17 the 15:17 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 4 46 contain containing 446:455 arg2 regimen 495:501 lyophilization regimen 480:501 lyophilization regimen 480:501 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 4 46 contain containing 446:455 arg2 proteins 467:474 no animal proteins 457:474 no animal proteins 457:474 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 4 46 contain containing 446:455 arg1 media 440:444 protective media 429:444 protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen 429:501 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 5 47 theme 4 671:671 arg1 % 672:672 % 672:672 % 672:672 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 5 48 theme % 727:727 arg1 peptone 733:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 5% soy peptone 726:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 1 49 theme vaccine 139:145 arg1 preparations 147:158 vaccine preparations 139:158 vaccine preparations 139:158 For stabilization of vaccine preparations, they are lyophilized. 29796807 5 50 theme temperature 809:819 arg1 range 821:825 temperature range 809:825 temperature range of 4-24°C 809:835 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 29796807 1 51 theme preparations 147:158 arg1 stabilization 122:134 stabilization 122:134 stabilization of vaccine preparations 122:158 For stabilization of vaccine preparations, they are lyophilized. 29796807 6 52 theme preparations 959:970 arg1 storage 940:946 storage 940:946 storage 940:946 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 6 52 theme preparations 959:970 arg1 transporting 924:935 transporting 924:935 transporting 924:935 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 0 53 theme Lyophilization 48:61 arg1 Conditions 34:43 Conditions 34:43 Conditions 34:43 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 0 53 theme Lyophilization 48:61 arg1 Stabilizer 19:28 Stabilizer 19:28 Stabilizer 19:28 Composition of the Stabilizer and Conditions of Lyophilization for Preserving Infectious Activity of Influenza Virus. 29796807 4 54 theme lyophilization 480:493 arg1 regimen 495:501 lyophilization regimen 480:501 lyophilization regimen 480:501 In this study, protective media containing no animal proteins and lyophilization regimen were determined. 29796807 6 55 theme vaccine 951:957 arg1 preparations 959:970 vaccine preparations 951:970 vaccine preparations 951:970 This can help to overcome possible break in the cold chain, which is important during transporting or storage of vaccine preparations. 29796807 5 56 from medium 653:658 arg1 freezing 582:589 freezing 582:589 freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone 582:739 The optimum lyophilization regimen consisted of three stages: freezing at -70°C, main stage at -35°C, and drying at 24°C. Protective medium containing 4% trehalose or protective medium with 10% sucrose and 5% soy peptone ensured highest stability of the lyophilized vaccine preparation in temperature range of 4-24°C. 31820139 10 0 theme aptasensor 986:995 arg1 performance 936:946 The electrochemical performance 916:946 The electrochemical performance 916:946 The electrochemical performance, binding capacity and response of the aptasensor for profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos and omethoate were studied. 31820139 10 0 theme aptasensor 986:995 arg1 capacity 957:964 binding capacity 949:964 binding capacity 949:964 The electrochemical performance, binding capacity and response of the aptasensor for profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos and omethoate were studied. 31820139 10 0 theme aptasensor 986:995 arg1 response 970:977 response 970:977 response 970:977 The electrochemical performance, binding capacity and response of the aptasensor for profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos and omethoate were studied. 31820139 4 1 used used 528:531 arg2 nanocomposite 458:470 A nanocomposite 456:470 A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and chitosan (GO-chit) 456:522 A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and chitosan (GO-chit) was used to immobilize the aptamer via formation of an amide link. 31820139 6 2 theme OPP 690:692 arg1 addition 675:682 addition 675:682 addition of an OPP 675:692 Upon addition of an OPP, it will be bound by the aptamer. 31820139 1 3 theme isocarbophos 271:282 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 12 4 theme an electrochemical 1190:1207 arg1 aptasensor 1209:1218 an electrochemical aptasensor 1190:1218 an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1190:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 5 theme pesticides 1422:1431 arg1 determination 1388:1400 the determination 1384:1400 the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) 1384:1438 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 0 6 theme oxide-chitosan 108:121 arg1 composite 123:131 a graphene oxide-chitosan composite 97:131 a graphene oxide-chitosan composite 97:131 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 4 7 theme graphene 486:493 arg1 oxide 495:499 graphene oxide 486:499 graphene oxide 486:499 A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and chitosan (GO-chit) was used to immobilize the aptamer via formation of an amide link. 31820139 0 8 theme graphene 99:106 arg1 composite 123:131 a graphene oxide-chitosan composite 97:131 a graphene oxide-chitosan composite 97:131 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 12 9 theme oxide-chitosan 1316:1329 arg1 surface 1296:1302 the surface 1292:1302 the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1292:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 9 10 theme redox 886:890 arg1 result 846:851 a result 844:851 a result 844:851 As a result, the impedance increases and the redox signal of Fc decreases. 31820139 9 10 theme redox 886:890 arg1 signal 892:897 and the redox signal 878:897 signal 892:897 As a result, the impedance increases and the redox signal of Fc decreases. 31820139 1 11 theme omethoate 289:297 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 3 12 mod modified 379:386 arg3 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 3 12 mod modified 379:386 arg1 ends 369:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 3 12 mod modified 379:386 arg3 groups 399:404 amino groups 393:404 amino groups 393:404 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 3 12 mod modified 379:386 arg3 ferrocene 426:434 the redox probe ferrocene 410:434 the redox probe ferrocene (Fc) 410:439 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 12 13 theme graphene 1307:1314 arg1 GO-chit 1332:1338 GO-chit 1332:1338 GO-chit 1332:1338 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 13 theme graphene 1307:1314 arg1 oxide-chitosan 1316:1329 graphene oxide-chitosan 1307:1329 graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1307:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 14 theme Graphical 1143:1151 arg1 representation 1172:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation 1143:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1143:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 1 15 theme organophosphorus 198:213 arg1 OPPs 227:230 OPPs 227:230 OPPs 227:230 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 1 15 theme organophosphorus 198:213 arg1 pesticides 215:224 organophosphorus pesticides 198:224 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) 198:231 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 11 16 theme detection 1077:1085 arg1 low 1094:1096 low 1094:1096 low 1094:1096 The limits of detection are as low as 0.01, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.1 nM, respectively. 31820139 11 16 theme detection 1077:1085 arg1 limits 1067:1072 The limits 1063:1072 The limits of detection 1063:1085 The limits of detection are as low as 0.01, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.1 nM, respectively. 31820139 1 17 theme pesticides 215:224 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 0 18 theme Voltammetric 0:11 arg1 determination 13:25 Voltammetric determination 0:25 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides 0:56 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 5 19 theme good 595:598 arg1 conductivity 600:611 Its good conductivity 591:611 Its good conductivity 591:611 Its good conductivity facilitates monitoring of the electrochemical responses. 31820139 7 20 theme structure 770:778 arg1 opening 747:753 an opening 744:753 an opening of the hairpin structure 744:778 This results in an opening of the hairpin structure. 31820139 3 21 theme redox 414:418 arg1 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 3 21 theme redox 414:418 arg1 ferrocene 426:434 the redox probe ferrocene 410:434 the redox probe ferrocene (Fc) 410:439 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 0 22 theme organophosphorus 30:45 arg1 pesticides 47:56 organophosphorus pesticides 30:56 organophosphorus pesticides 30:56 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 2 23 theme hairpin 318:324 arg1 aptamer 326:332 a hairpin aptamer 316:332 a hairpin aptamer 316:332 The method uses a hairpin aptamer as signalling donor. 31820139 12 24 theme aptasensor 1209:1218 arg1 representation 1172:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation 1143:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1143:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 25 theme abstract 1153:1160 arg1 representation 1172:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation 1143:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1143:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 3 26 theme 5 359:359 arg1 ends 369:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 8 27 theme electrode 830:838 arg1 surface 815:821 the surface 811:821 the surface of the electrode 811:838 Thus, Fc is shifted away from the surface of the electrode. 31820139 4 28 theme link 585:588 arg1 formation 563:571 formation 563:571 formation of an amide link 563:588 A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and chitosan (GO-chit) was used to immobilize the aptamer via formation of an amide link. 31820139 7 29 theme hairpin 762:768 arg1 structure 770:778 the hairpin structure 758:778 the hairpin structure 758:778 This results in an opening of the hairpin structure. 31820139 3 30 theme probe 420:424 arg1 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Fc 437:438 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 3 30 theme probe 420:424 arg1 ferrocene 426:434 the redox probe ferrocene 410:434 the redox probe ferrocene (Fc) 410:439 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 0 31 theme pesticides 47:56 arg1 determination 13:25 Voltammetric determination 0:25 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides 0:56 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 10 32 theme electrochemical 920:934 arg1 performance 936:946 The electrochemical performance 916:946 The electrochemical performance 916:946 The electrochemical performance, binding capacity and response of the aptasensor for profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos and omethoate were studied. 31820139 4 33 theme amide 579:583 arg1 link 585:588 an amide link 576:588 an amide link 576:588 A nanocomposite consisting of graphene oxide and chitosan (GO-chit) was used to immobilize the aptamer via formation of an amide link. 31820139 12 34 theme Schematic 1162:1170 arg1 representation 1172:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation 1143:1185 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) 1143:1339 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 0 35 theme hairpin 66:72 arg1 aptamer 74:80 a hairpin aptamer 64:80 a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite 64:131 Voltammetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides using a hairpin aptamer immobilized in a graphene oxide-chitosan composite. 31820139 12 36 theme hairpin 1268:1274 arg1 HP 1285:1286 HP 1285:1286 HP 1285:1286 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 36 theme hairpin 1268:1274 arg1 aptamer 1276:1282 ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer 1245:1282 ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) 1245:1287 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 3 37 theme amino 393:397 arg1 groups 399:404 amino groups 393:404 amino groups 393:404 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 31820139 5 38 theme electrochemical 643:657 arg1 responses 659:667 the electrochemical responses 639:667 the electrochemical responses 639:667 Its good conductivity facilitates monitoring of the electrochemical responses. 31820139 9 39 theme Fc 902:903 arg1 decreases 905:913 Fc decreases 902:913 Fc decreases 902:913 As a result, the impedance increases and the redox signal of Fc decreases. 31820139 12 40 theme labeled 1260:1266 arg1 HP 1285:1286 HP 1285:1286 HP 1285:1286 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 40 theme labeled 1260:1266 arg1 aptamer 1276:1282 ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer 1245:1282 ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) 1245:1287 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 41 theme organophosphorus 1405:1420 arg1 OPPs 1434:1437 OPPs 1434:1437 OPPs 1434:1437 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 12 41 theme organophosphorus 1405:1420 arg1 pesticides 1422:1431 organophosphorus pesticides 1405:1431 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) 1405:1438 Graphical abstract Schematic representation of an electrochemical aptasensor prepared by immobilizing ferrocene (Fc) labeled hairpin aptamer (HP) on the surface of graphene oxide-chitosan (GO-chit) modified electrode, and its application to the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) by voltammetry. 31820139 5 42 theme responses 659:667 arg1 monitoring 625:634 monitoring 625:634 monitoring of the electrochemical responses 625:667 Its good conductivity facilitates monitoring of the electrochemical responses. 31820139 1 43 theme profenofos 250:259 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 2 44 theme signalling 337:346 arg1 donor 348:352 signalling donor 337:352 signalling donor 337:352 The method uses a hairpin aptamer as signalling donor. 31820139 10 45 theme binding 949:955 arg1 capacity 957:964 binding capacity 949:964 binding capacity 949:964 The electrochemical performance, binding capacity and response of the aptasensor for profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos and omethoate were studied. 31820139 1 46 theme phorate 262:268 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 9 47 theme decreases 905:913 arg1 result 846:851 a result 844:851 a result 844:851 As a result, the impedance increases and the redox signal of Fc decreases. 31820139 9 47 theme decreases 905:913 arg1 signal 892:897 and the redox signal 878:897 signal 892:897 As a result, the impedance increases and the redox signal of Fc decreases. 31820139 1 48 theme electrochemical 165:179 arg1 determination 181:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 electrochemical determination 165:193 An aptasensor is described for electrochemical determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), specifically of profenofos, phorate, isocarbophos, and omethoate. 31820139 3 49 theme 3 366:366 arg1 ends 369:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends 355:372 Its 5' and 3' ends were modified with amino groups and the redox probe ferrocene (Fc), respectively. 29349739 9 0 theme remediation 1541:1551 arg1 material 1553:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 7 1 theme carbon 1084:1089 arg1 source 1091:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 7 1 theme carbon 1084:1089 arg1 starch 1037:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 1 2 theme aqueous 285:291 arg1 solution 293:300 aqueous solution 285:300 aqueous solution 285:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 7 3 theme appropriate 1064:1074 arg1 source 1091:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 7 3 theme appropriate 1064:1074 arg1 starch 1037:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 3 4 theme organic 541:547 arg1 source 556:561 organic carbon source 541:561 organic carbon source 541:561 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 9 5 theme 25-day 1341:1346 arg1 incubation 1348:1357 25-day incubation 1341:1357 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions 1341:1412 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 12 6 from changes 1935:1941 arg1 structure 1966:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 8 7 theme microspheres 1213:1224 arg1 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 7 theme microspheres 1213:1224 arg1 conditions 1199:1208 The optimal preparation conditions 1175:1208 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres 1175:1224 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 10 8 theme ZVI 1634:1636 arg1 starch 1650:1655 ZVI and soluble starch 1634:1655 ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere 1634:1678 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 1 9 theme enhanced 205:212 arg1 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 1 9 theme enhanced 205:212 arg1 dechlorination 224:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination 201:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution 201:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 12 10 theme bacteria 2057:2064 arg1 activities 2022:2031 the activities 2018:2031 the activities 2018:2031 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 7 11 theme Soluble 1029:1035 arg1 starch 1037:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 7 11 theme Soluble 1029:1035 arg1 source 1091:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 3 12 dep conditions 614:623 arg1 composite 570:578 composite 570:578 composite 570:578 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 3 12 dep conditions 614:623 arg1 the 566:568 the 566:568 the 566:568 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 8 13 theme optimal 1179:1185 arg1 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 13 theme optimal 1179:1185 arg1 conditions 1199:1208 The optimal preparation conditions 1175:1208 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres 1175:1224 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 4 14 theme possible 708:715 arg1 mechanisms 717:726 possible mechanisms 708:726 possible mechanisms 708:726 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 4 15 theme anaerobic 648:656 arg1 study 668:672 an anaerobic microcosm study 645:672 an anaerobic microcosm study 645:672 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 3 16 theme optimal 594:600 arg1 conditions 614:623 the optimal preparation conditions 590:623 the optimal preparation conditions 590:623 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 14 17 dep in 2497:2498 arg1 situ 2500:2503 situ 2500:2503 situ 2500:2503 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 8 18 theme CG 1257:1258 arg1 solution 1276:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 11 19 theme reductive 1855:1863 arg1 dechlorination 1865:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 5 20 from dosage 825:830 arg1 water 846:850 water 846:850 water during the preparation of composite microspheres 846:899 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 8 21 theme w/v 1261:1263 arg1 solution 1276:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 12 22 theme functional 2036:2045 arg1 bacteria 2057:2064 functional anaerobic bacteria 2036:2064 functional anaerobic bacteria 2036:2064 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 8 23 theme colloidal 1266:1274 arg1 solution 1276:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 10 24 theme biochar 1711:1717 arg1 amount 1719:1724 the biochar amount 1707:1724 the biochar amount 1707:1724 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 9 25 theme 1,1,1-TCA 1441:1449 arg1 % 1460:1460 95.68% 1455:1460 95.68% 1455:1460 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 9 25 theme 1,1,1-TCA 1441:1449 arg1 efficiency 1427:1436 the removal efficiency 1415:1436 the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA 1415:1449 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 0 26 theme preparation 116:126 arg1 study 142:146 preparation and microcosm study 116:146 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 6 27 theme strong 957:962 arg1 capacity 964:971 a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2% 955:1026 a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2% 955:1026 Under this condition, the biochar had a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2%. 29349739 4 28 theme aqueous 769:775 arg1 solution 777:784 aqueous solution 769:784 aqueous solution 769:784 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 12 29 theme anaerobic 2176:2184 arg1 biodegradation 2186:2199 the anaerobic biodegradation 2172:2199 the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA 2172:2212 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 0 30 theme microcosm 132:140 arg1 study 142:146 preparation and microcosm study 116:146 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 10 31 theme soluble 1642:1648 arg1 starch 1650:1655 ZVI and soluble starch 1634:1655 ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere 1634:1678 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 4 32 dep performance 692:702 arg1 the 688:690 the 688:690 the 688:690 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 14 33 theme groundwater 2532:2542 arg1 remediation 2509:2519 the in situ ERD remediation 2493:2519 the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA 2493:2577 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 11 34 theme starch-enhanced 1832:1846 arg1 dechlorination 1865:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 2 35 dep carrageenan 389:399 arg1 comprised 334:342 comprised 334:342 comprised of biochar as the carrier 334:368 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 2 35 dep carrageenan 389:399 arg1 adsorbent 374:382 adsorbent 374:382 adsorbent 374:382 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 4 36 from removal 758:764 arg1 solution 777:784 aqueous solution 769:784 aqueous solution 769:784 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 9 37 located observed 1497:1504 arg2 that 1492:1495 that 1492:1495 that 1492:1495 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 9 37 located observed 1497:1504 arg1 microcosm 1513:1521 the microcosm 1509:1521 the microcosm with a commercial remediation material 1509:1560 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 6 38 contain had 951:953 arg2 capacity 964:971 a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2% 955:1026 a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2% 955:1026 Under this condition, the biochar had a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2%. 29349739 6 38 contain had 951:953 arg1 biochar 943:949 the biochar 939:949 the biochar 939:949 Under this condition, the biochar had a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2%. 29349739 14 39 theme remediation 2439:2449 arg1 material 2451:2458 this novel remediation material 2428:2458 this novel remediation material 2428:2458 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 11 40 theme aqueous 1784:1790 arg1 solution 1792:1799 aqueous solution 1784:1799 aqueous solution 1784:1799 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 0 41 theme Enhanced 0:7 arg1 dechlorination 19:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination 0:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 13 42 theme 1,1,1-TCA 2383:2391 arg1 dechlorination 2365:2378 the reductive dechlorination 2351:2378 the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution 2351:2411 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 11 43 theme ZVI-enhanced 1884:1895 arg1 dechlorination 1915:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 13 44 from dechlorination 2365:2378 arg1 solution 2404:2411 aqueous solution 2396:2411 aqueous solution 2396:2411 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 11 45 theme soluble 1824:1830 arg1 dechlorination 1865:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 5 46 theme suitable 816:823 arg1 % 908:908 0.2% 905:908 0.2% (w/v) 905:914 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 5 46 theme suitable 816:823 arg1 dosage 825:830 the suitable dosage 812:830 the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres 812:899 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 14 47 theme natural 2524:2530 arg1 groundwater 2532:2542 natural groundwater 2524:2542 natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA 2524:2577 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 13 48 theme aqueous 2396:2402 arg1 solution 2404:2411 aqueous solution 2396:2411 aqueous solution 2396:2411 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 2 49 theme embedding 413:421 arg1 medium 423:428 the embedding medium 409:428 the embedding medium 409:428 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 10 50 theme electron 1576:1583 arg1 SEM 1597:1599 SEM 1597:1599 SEM 1597:1599 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 10 50 theme electron 1576:1583 arg1 microscopy 1585:1594 scanning electron microscopy 1567:1594 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1563:1607 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 0 51 theme 1,1,1-trichloroethane 37:57 arg1 dechlorination 19:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination 0:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 8 52 theme curing 1322:1327 arg1 time 1329:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 0 53 theme zero-valent 65:75 arg1 microspheres 102:113 zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres 65:113 zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres 65:113 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 11 54 theme abiotic 1897:1903 arg1 dechlorination 1915:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 9 55 with incubation 1348:1357 arg1 composite 1368:1376 the composite 1364:1376 the composite prepared under optimized conditions 1364:1412 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 12 56 theme fermentation 2111:2122 arg1 abilities 2124:2132 fermentation abilities 2111:2132 fermentation abilities 2111:2132 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 13 57 from ZVI 2275:2277 arg1 microspheres 2312:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 1 58 theme 1,1,1-trichloroethane 248:268 arg1 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 1 58 theme 1,1,1-trichloroethane 248:268 arg1 dechlorination 224:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination 201:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution 201:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 0 59 dep dechlorination 19:32 arg1 study 142:146 preparation and microcosm study 116:146 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 1 60 theme remediation 176:186 arg1 material 188:195 a composite remediation material 164:195 a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution 164:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 13 61 theme carbon 2292:2297 arg1 source 2299:2304 organic carbon source 2284:2304 organic carbon source 2284:2304 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 12 62 theme microbial 1946:1954 arg1 structure 1966:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 9 63 theme commercial 1530:1539 arg1 material 1553:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 0 64 theme reductive 9:17 arg1 dechlorination 19:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination 0:32 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 0:147 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 9 65 with microcosm 1513:1521 arg1 material 1553:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 a commercial remediation material 1528:1560 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 7 66 theme organic 1076:1082 arg1 source 1091:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 the appropriate organic carbon source 1060:1096 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 7 66 theme organic 1076:1082 arg1 starch 1037:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch 1029:1042 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 4 67 from performance 692:702 arg1 removal 758:764 1,1,1-TCA removal 748:764 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution 748:784 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 10 68 theme starch 1650:1655 arg1 starch 1650:1655 ZVI and soluble starch 1634:1655 ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere 1634:1678 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 10 68 theme starch 1650:1655 arg1 amounts 1623:1629 the amounts 1619:1629 the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere 1619:1678 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 3 69 theme biochar 522:528 arg1 dosage 530:535 the suitable biochar dosage 509:535 the suitable biochar dosage 509:535 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 13 70 theme organic 2284:2290 arg1 source 2299:2304 organic carbon source 2284:2304 organic carbon source 2284:2304 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 14 71 theme novel 2433:2437 arg1 material 2451:2458 this novel remediation material 2428:2458 this novel remediation material 2428:2458 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 4 72 theme microcosm 658:666 arg1 study 668:672 an anaerobic microcosm study 645:672 an anaerobic microcosm study 645:672 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 13 73 from biochar 2266:2272 arg1 microspheres 2312:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 1 74 theme reductive 214:222 arg1 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 ERD 240:242 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 1 74 theme reductive 214:222 arg1 dechlorination 224:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination 201:237 the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution 201:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 3 75 theme carbon 549:554 arg1 source 556:561 organic carbon source 541:561 organic carbon source 541:561 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 7 76 from effect 1158:1163 arg1 water 1168:1172 water 1168:1172 water 1168:1172 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 12 77 theme anaerobic 2047:2055 arg1 bacteria 2057:2064 functional anaerobic bacteria 2036:2064 functional anaerobic bacteria 2036:2064 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 5 78 theme biochar 835:841 arg1 % 908:908 0.2% 905:908 0.2% (w/v) 905:914 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 5 78 theme biochar 835:841 arg1 dosage 825:830 the suitable dosage 812:830 the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres 812:899 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 11 79 theme biotic 1848:1853 arg1 dechlorination 1865:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination 1824:1878 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 8 80 theme preparation 1187:1197 arg1 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 follows 1245:1251 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 80 theme preparation 1187:1197 arg1 conditions 1199:1208 The optimal preparation conditions 1175:1208 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres 1175:1224 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 81 theme % 1255:1255 arg1 solution 1276:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 11 82 theme reductive 1905:1913 arg1 dechlorination 1915:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination 1884:1928 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 9 83 theme removal 1419:1425 arg1 % 1460:1460 95.68% 1455:1460 95.68% 1455:1460 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 9 83 theme removal 1419:1425 arg1 efficiency 1427:1436 the removal efficiency 1415:1436 the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA 1415:1449 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 8 84 theme % 1287:1287 arg1 CaCl2 1289:1293 6% CaCl2 1286:1293 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution 1286:1308 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 84 theme % 1287:1287 arg1 w/v 1296:1298 w/v 1296:1298 w/v 1296:1298 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 5 85 theme composite 878:886 arg1 microspheres 888:899 composite microspheres 878:899 composite microspheres 878:899 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 3 86 theme preparation 602:612 arg1 conditions 614:623 the optimal preparation conditions 590:623 the optimal preparation conditions 590:623 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 1 87 from dechlorination 224:237 arg1 solution 293:300 aqueous solution 285:300 aqueous solution 285:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 1 88 theme composite 166:174 arg1 material 188:195 a composite remediation material 164:195 a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution 164:300 In this study, a composite remediation material for the enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in aqueous solution was prepared. 29349739 5 89 theme microspheres 888:899 arg1 preparation 863:873 the preparation 859:873 the preparation of composite microspheres 859:899 From this, we found that the suitable dosage of biochar in water during the preparation of composite microspheres was 0.2% (w/v). 29349739 12 90 theme 1,1,1-TCA 2204:2212 arg1 biodegradation 2186:2199 the anaerobic biodegradation 2172:2199 the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA 2172:2212 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 11 91 from 1,1,1-TCA 1771:1779 arg1 solution 1792:1799 aqueous solution 1784:1799 aqueous solution 1784:1799 This indicates that 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution was mainly removed via soluble starch-enhanced biotic reductive dechlorination and ZVI-enhanced abiotic reductive dechlorination. 29349739 8 92 theme 6 1286:1286 arg1 % 1287:1287 % 1287:1287 % 1287:1287 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 93 dep follows 1245:1251 arg1 solution 1301:1308 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution 1286:1308 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution 1286:1308 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 93 dep follows 1245:1251 arg1 solution 1276:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution 1254:1283 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 93 dep follows 1245:1251 arg1 time 1329:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 8 94 theme CaCl2 1289:1293 arg1 solution 1301:1308 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution 1286:1308 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution 1286:1308 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 7 95 theme excellent 1135:1143 arg1 effect 1158:1163 an excellent slow-release effect 1132:1163 an excellent slow-release effect in water 1132:1172 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 29349739 6 96 theme % 1026:1026 arg1 efficiency 1008:1017 a removal efficiency 998:1017 a removal efficiency of 84.2% 998:1026 Under this condition, the biochar had a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2%. 29349739 2 97 theme organic 444:450 arg1 sources 459:465 the organic carbon sources 440:465 the organic carbon sources 440:465 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 4 98 theme composite 735:743 arg1 performance 692:702 performance 692:702 performance 692:702 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 4 98 theme composite 735:743 arg1 mechanisms 717:726 possible mechanisms 708:726 possible mechanisms 708:726 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 12 99 from activities 2022:2031 arg1 particular 2070:2079 particular 2070:2079 particular 2070:2079 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 4 100 theme 1,1,1-TCA 748:756 arg1 removal 758:764 1,1,1-TCA removal 748:764 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution 748:784 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 10 101 theme microscopy 1585:1594 arg1 images 1602:1607 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1563:1607 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1563:1607 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 9 102 theme optimized 1393:1401 arg1 conditions 1403:1412 optimized conditions 1393:1412 optimized conditions 1393:1412 After 25-day incubation with the composite prepared under optimized conditions, the removal efficiency of 1,1,1-TCA was 95.68%, which was 24.69% higher than that observed in the microcosm with a commercial remediation material. 29349739 6 103 theme removal 1000:1006 arg1 efficiency 1008:1017 a removal efficiency 998:1017 a removal efficiency of 84.2% 998:1026 Under this condition, the biochar had a strong capacity to adsorb 1,1,1-TCA with a removal efficiency of 84.2%. 29349739 2 104 theme zero-valent 471:481 arg1 ZVI 489:491 ZVI 489:491 ZVI 489:491 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 2 104 theme zero-valent 471:481 arg1 iron 483:486 zero-valent iron 471:486 zero-valent iron (ZVI) 471:492 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 10 105 theme scanning 1567:1574 arg1 SEM 1597:1599 SEM 1597:1599 SEM 1597:1599 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 10 105 theme scanning 1567:1574 arg1 microscopy 1585:1594 scanning electron microscopy 1567:1594 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images 1563:1607 The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the amounts of ZVI and soluble starch inside the microsphere decreased obviously, while the biochar amount remained about the same. 29349739 0 106 theme iron-biochar-carrageenan 77:100 arg1 microspheres 102:113 zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres 65:113 zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres 65:113 Enhanced reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane using zero-valent iron-biochar-carrageenan microspheres: preparation and microcosm study. 29349739 14 107 theme ERD 2505:2507 arg1 remediation 2509:2519 the in situ ERD remediation 2493:2519 the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA 2493:2577 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 13 108 theme reductive 2355:2363 arg1 dechlorination 2365:2378 the reductive dechlorination 2351:2378 the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution 2351:2411 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 8 109 theme 12-h 1317:1320 arg1 time 1329:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 a 12-h curing time 1315:1332 The optimal preparation conditions of microspheres were identified as follows: 2% CG (w/v) colloidal solution, 6% CaCl2 (w/v) solution, and a 12-h curing time. 29349739 14 110 theme in 2497:2498 arg1 remediation 2509:2519 the in situ ERD remediation 2493:2519 the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA 2493:2577 We anticipate this novel remediation material could be successfully applied to the in situ ERD remediation of natural groundwater mainly contaminated with 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 13 111 theme CG 2309:2310 arg1 microspheres 2312:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 13 112 from source 2299:2304 arg1 microspheres 2312:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 CG microspheres 2309:2323 This study suggests that the composite, entrapping biochar, ZVI, and organic carbon source in CG microspheres can significantly enhance the reductive dechlorination of 1,1,1-TCA in aqueous solution. 29349739 3 113 theme suitable 513:520 arg1 dosage 530:535 the suitable biochar dosage 509:535 the suitable biochar dosage 509:535 We determined the suitable biochar dosage and organic carbon source in the composite alongside the optimal preparation conditions. 29349739 4 114 from mechanisms 717:726 arg1 removal 758:764 1,1,1-TCA removal 748:764 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution 748:784 Furthermore, using an anaerobic microcosm study, we discussed the performance and possible mechanisms of the composite on 1,1,1-TCA removal in aqueous solution. 29349739 12 115 theme community 1956:1964 arg1 structure 1966:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 microbial community structure 1946:1974 The changes in microbial community structure demonstrate that the composite stimulated the activities of functional anaerobic bacteria, in particular, regarding dechlorination and fermentation abilities in the microcosm, therefore enhancing the anaerobic biodegradation of 1,1,1-TCA. 29349739 2 116 theme carbon 452:457 arg1 sources 459:465 the organic carbon sources 440:465 the organic carbon sources 440:465 This material was comprised of biochar as the carrier and adsorbent, and carrageenan (CG) as the embedding medium to entrap the organic carbon sources and zero-valent iron (ZVI). 29349739 7 117 theme slow-release 1145:1156 arg1 effect 1158:1163 an excellent slow-release effect 1132:1163 an excellent slow-release effect in water 1132:1172 Soluble starch was selected as the appropriate organic carbon source, because starch-microspheres show an excellent slow-release effect in water. 31247278 0 0 theme intraductal 98:108 arg1 administration 110:123 intraductal administration 98:123 intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting 98:183 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 4 1 theme 76.5 ± 1.2 nm 893:905 arg1 size 885:888 droplet size 877:888 droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm 877:905 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 3 2 theme nanoemulsion 533:544 arg1 phase 556:560 the nanoemulsion non-polar phase 529:560 the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin 529:660 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 3 2 theme nanoemulsion 533:544 arg1 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 6 3 theme hyaluronic 1028:1037 arg1 acid 1039:1042 hyaluronic acid 1028:1042 hyaluronic acid 1028:1042 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 7 4 from nanoemulsions 1277:1289 arg1 stable 1262:1267 stable 1262:1267 stable 1262:1267 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 3 5 theme non-polar 546:554 arg1 phase 556:560 the nanoemulsion non-polar phase 529:560 the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin 529:660 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 3 5 theme non-polar 546:554 arg1 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin 501:511 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 1 6 theme bioadhesive 265:275 arg1 strategy 195:202 a new strategy 189:202 a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ 189:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 6 theme bioadhesive 265:275 arg1 nanoemulsions 277:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions 247:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 247:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 6 7 theme undesirable 1209:1219 arg1 alterations 1234:1244 undesirable histological alterations 1209:1244 undesirable histological alterations 1209:1244 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 4 8 with nanoemulsions 858:870 arg1 size 885:888 droplet size 877:888 droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm 877:905 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 6 9 theme chitosan 1016:1023 arg1 Inclusion 996:1004 Inclusion 996:1004 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid 996:1042 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 6 10 with ability 1130:1136 arg1 potential 1104:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 6 11 theme mammary 1149:1155 arg1 retention 1164:1172 mammary tissue retention 1149:1172 mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) 1149:1183 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 6 11 theme mammary 1149:1155 arg1 120 h 1178:1182 120 h 1178:1182 120 h 1178:1182 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 4 12 theme homogeneous 729:739 arg1 nanoemulsion 741:752 a homogeneous nanoemulsion 727:752 a homogeneous nanoemulsion 727:752 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 4 13 from glycerol 801:808 arg1 blend 827:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 6 14 dep 120 h 1178:1182 arg1 to 1175:1176 to 1175:1176 to 1175:1176 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 0 15 theme piplartine 128:137 arg1 administration 110:123 intraductal administration 98:123 intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting 98:183 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 4 16 theme nanoemulsions 858:870 arg1 formation 845:853 the formation 841:853 the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm 841:905 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 6 17 dep in 1083:1084 arg1 vitro 1086:1090 vitro 1086:1090 vitro 1086:1090 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 6 18 theme comparable 1119:1128 arg1 ability 1130:1136 comparable ability 1119:1136 comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations 1119:1244 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 1 19 theme new 191:193 arg1 strategy 195:202 a new strategy 189:202 a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ 189:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 19 theme new 191:193 arg1 nanoemulsions 277:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions 247:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 247:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 7 20 theme intraductal 1466:1476 arg1 delivery 1478:1485 intraductal delivery 1466:1485 intraductal delivery 1466:1485 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 1 21 theme intraductal 295:305 arg1 administration 307:320 intraductal administration 295:320 intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 295:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 3 22 theme drug 600:603 arg1 amounts 605:611 larger drug amounts 593:611 larger drug amounts 593:611 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 2 23 mod modified 458:465 arg3 chitosan 472:479 chitosan 472:479 chitosan 472:479 To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. 31247278 2 23 mod modified 458:465 arg1 nanoemulsion 441:452 the nanoemulsion 437:452 the nanoemulsion 437:452 To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. 31247278 2 23 mod modified 458:465 arg3 acid 495:498 hyaluronic acid 484:498 hyaluronic acid 484:498 To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. 31247278 4 24 theme droplet 877:883 arg1 size 885:888 droplet size 877:888 droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm 877:905 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 4 25 from polysorbate 782:792 arg1 blend 827:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 6 26 theme bioadhesive 1092:1102 arg1 potential 1104:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 7 27 theme stronger 1443:1450 arg1 nanoemulsion 1421:1432 this nanoemulsion 1416:1432 this nanoemulsion 1416:1432 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 7 27 theme stronger 1443:1450 arg1 candidate 1452:1460 a stronger candidate 1441:1460 a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery 1441:1485 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 6 28 theme similar 1075:1081 arg1 potential 1104:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 4 29 theme phosphatidylcholine 670:688 arg1 Use 663:665 Use 663:665 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant 663:707 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 0 30 theme composition 16:26 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions 0:83 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 3 31 theme larger 593:598 arg1 amounts 605:611 larger drug amounts 593:611 larger drug amounts 593:611 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 6 32 theme in 1083:1084 arg1 potential 1104:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 0 33 theme parameters 43:52 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions 0:83 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 0 34 theme mammary 160:166 arg1 targeting 175:183 mammary tissue targeting 160:183 mammary tissue targeting 160:183 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 4 35 theme sole 693:696 arg1 surfactant 698:707 sole surfactant 693:707 sole surfactant 693:707 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 3 36 theme isopropyl 625:633 arg1 myristate 635:643 isopropyl myristate 625:643 isopropyl myristate 625:643 Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. 31247278 1 37 theme ductal 221:226 arg1 carcinoma 228:236 ductal carcinoma in situ 221:244 ductal carcinoma in situ 221:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 0 38 theme obtainment 32:41 arg1 parameters 43:52 obtainment parameters 32:52 obtainment parameters 32:52 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 1 39 theme cytotoxic 329:337 arg1 piperlongumine 357:370 piperlongumine 357:370 piperlongumine 357:370 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 39 theme cytotoxic 329:337 arg1 piplartine 345:354 the cytotoxic agent piplartine 325:354 the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 325:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 40 dep in 238:239 arg1 situ 241:244 situ 241:244 situ 241:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 41 theme carcinoma 228:236 arg1 treatment 208:216 treatment 208:216 treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ 208:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 0 42 theme biocompatible 57:69 arg1 nanoemulsions 71:83 biocompatible nanoemulsions 57:83 biocompatible nanoemulsions 57:83 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 1 43 theme agent 339:343 arg1 piperlongumine 357:370 piperlongumine 357:370 piperlongumine 357:370 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 43 theme agent 339:343 arg1 piplartine 345:354 the cytotoxic agent piplartine 325:354 the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 325:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 0 44 theme targeting 175:183 arg1 administration 110:123 intraductal administration 98:123 intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting 98:183 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 6 45 with nanoemulsions 1056:1068 arg1 potential 1104:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 similar in vitro bioadhesive potential 1075:1112 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 2 46 theme hyaluronic 484:493 arg1 acid 495:498 hyaluronic acid 484:498 hyaluronic acid 484:498 To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. 31247278 1 47 theme piplartine 345:354 arg1 administration 307:320 intraductal administration 295:320 intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 295:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 0 48 theme tissue 168:173 arg1 targeting 175:183 mammary tissue targeting 160:183 mammary tissue targeting 160:183 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 7 49 theme time 1394:1397 arg1 periods 1383:1389 longer periods 1376:1389 longer periods of time 1376:1397 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 7 50 theme similar 1358:1364 arg1 range 1366:1370 a similar range 1356:1370 a similar range for longer periods of time 1356:1397 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 5 51 from 20 982:983 arg1 reduction 967:975 sonication time reduction 951:975 sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min 951:993 Heating the aqueous phase to 50 °C enabled sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min. 31247278 6 52 theme histological 1221:1232 arg1 alterations 1234:1244 undesirable histological alterations 1209:1244 undesirable histological alterations 1209:1244 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 7 53 from stable 1262:1267 arg1 nanoemulsions 1277:1289 both nanoemulsions 1272:1289 both nanoemulsions 1272:1289 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 7 54 theme longer 1376:1381 arg1 periods 1383:1389 longer periods 1376:1389 longer periods of time 1376:1397 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 5 55 theme sonication 951:960 arg1 reduction 967:975 sonication time reduction 951:975 sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min 951:993 Heating the aqueous phase to 50 °C enabled sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min. 31247278 1 56 theme in 238:239 arg1 carcinoma 228:236 ductal carcinoma in situ 221:244 ductal carcinoma in situ 221:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 4 57 theme surfactant 816:825 arg1 blend 827:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 a surfactant blend 814:831 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 5 58 theme time 962:965 arg1 reduction 967:975 sonication time reduction 951:975 sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min 951:993 Heating the aqueous phase to 50 °C enabled sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min. 31247278 6 59 theme tissue 1157:1162 arg1 retention 1164:1172 mammary tissue retention 1149:1172 mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) 1149:1183 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 6 59 theme tissue 1157:1162 arg1 120 h 1178:1182 120 h 1178:1182 120 h 1178:1182 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 7 60 theme loaded 1325:1330 arg1 NE-HA 1332:1336 loaded NE-HA 1325:1336 loaded NE-HA 1325:1336 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 7 61 theme NE-HA 1332:1336 arg1 size 1317:1320 the size 1313:1320 the size of loaded NE-HA 1313:1336 Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery. 31247278 2 62 theme bioadhesive 413:423 arg1 properties 425:434 bioadhesive properties 413:434 bioadhesive properties 413:434 To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. 31247278 0 63 theme nanoemulsions 71:83 arg1 Optimization 0:11 Optimization 0:11 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions 0:83 Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. 31247278 4 64 with association 765:775 arg1 polysorbate 782:792 polysorbate 80 782:795 polysorbate 80 782:795 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 4 64 with association 765:775 arg1 glycerol 801:808 glycerol 801:808 glycerol (in a surfactant blend) 801:832 Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. 31247278 6 65 theme acid 1039:1042 arg1 Inclusion 996:1004 Inclusion 996:1004 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid 996:1042 Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. 31247278 5 66 theme aqueous 920:926 arg1 phase 928:932 the aqueous phase 916:932 the aqueous phase to 50 °C 916:941 Heating the aqueous phase to 50 °C enabled sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min. 31247278 1 67 theme biocompatible 247:259 arg1 strategy 195:202 a new strategy 189:202 a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ 189:244 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 31247278 1 67 theme biocompatible 247:259 arg1 nanoemulsions 277:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions 247:289 biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) 247:371 As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. 30172514 0 0 theme serum 86:90 arg1 samples 92:98 serum samples 86:98 serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 86:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 2 1 theme carbon 541:546 arg1 dispersion 565:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 8 2 theme 3.2 × 10-3 1097:1106 arg1 g L-1 1108:1112 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 1097:1112 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 1097:1112 According to this algorithm, the of detection and quantification limits were from 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 to 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1, and from 9.6 × 10-3 to 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1, respectively. 30172514 2 3 theme carbon 398:403 arg1 electrodes 405:414 glassy carbon electrodes 391:414 glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 391:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 1 4 theme serum 297:301 arg1 samples 303:309 serum samples 297:309 serum samples 297:309 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. 30172514 2 5 theme multiwalled 529:539 arg1 dispersion 565:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 8 6 theme 3.6 × 10-3 1117:1126 arg1 g L-1 1128:1132 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1 1117:1132 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1 1117:1132 According to this algorithm, the of detection and quantification limits were from 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 to 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1, and from 9.6 × 10-3 to 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1, respectively. 30172514 8 7 theme quantification 1065:1078 arg1 limits 1080:1085 quantification limits 1065:1085 quantification limits 1065:1085 According to this algorithm, the of detection and quantification limits were from 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 to 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1, and from 9.6 × 10-3 to 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1, respectively. 30172514 2 8 theme glassy 391:396 arg1 electrodes 405:414 glassy carbon electrodes 391:414 glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 391:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 5 9 theme others 830:835 arg1 methods 837:843 others methods 830:843 others methods developed for the TGs quantification 830:880 The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. 30172514 10 10 theme clinical 1465:1472 arg1 samples 1474:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 4 11 theme amperometric 736:747 arg1 measurements 749:760 amperometric measurements 736:760 amperometric measurements 736:760 The quantification of triglycerides was performed by amperometric measurements. 30172514 3 12 theme present 636:642 arg1 TGs 632:634 the TGs 628:634 the TGs present in samples 628:653 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 0 13 from determination 52:64 arg1 samples 92:98 serum samples 86:98 serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 86:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 10 14 theme serum 1459:1463 arg1 samples 1474:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 7 15 theme PLS-1 959:963 arg1 algorithm 965:973 The PLS-1 algorithm 955:973 The PLS-1 algorithm 955:973 The PLS-1 algorithm was used for the quantification of TGs. 30172514 10 16 theme human 1453:1457 arg1 samples 1474:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 2 17 theme magnetic 430:437 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 magnetic nanoparticles 430:451 magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 430:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 2 18 theme bonded 453:458 arg1 nanoparticles 439:451 magnetic nanoparticles 430:451 magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 430:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 6 19 theme TGs 904:906 arg1 determination 887:899 The determination 883:899 The determination of TGs 883:906 The determination of TGs does not need a pretreatment of serum samples. 30172514 3 20 theme enzymatic 601:609 arg1 reaction 611:618 enzymatic reaction 601:618 enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized 601:680 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 1 21 theme sensitive 218:226 arg1 biosensor 244:252 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor 211:252 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples 211:309 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. 30172514 8 22 theme 1.1 × 10-2 1158:1167 arg1 g L-1 1169:1173 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1 1158:1173 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1 1158:1173 According to this algorithm, the of detection and quantification limits were from 3.2 × 10-3 g L-1 to 3.6 × 10-3 g L-1, and from 9.6 × 10-3 to 1.1 × 10-2 g L-1, respectively. 30172514 2 23 theme electrochemical 350:364 arg1 oxidation 366:374 the electrochemical oxidation 346:374 the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 346:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 5 24 theme proposed 767:774 arg1 biosensor 792:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 763:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 763:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. 30172514 1 25 theme electrochemical 228:242 arg1 biosensor 244:252 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor 211:252 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples 211:309 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. 30172514 3 26 attach present 636:642 arg2 TGs 632:634 the TGs 628:634 the TGs present in samples 628:653 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 3 26 attach present 636:642 arg1 samples 647:653 samples 647:653 samples 647:653 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 3 27 from samples 647:653 arg1 present 636:642 present 636:642 present 636:642 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 2 28 theme oxide 488:492 arg1 nanoparticles 494:506 copper oxide nanoparticles 481:506 copper oxide nanoparticles 481:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 2 29 from electrodes 405:414 arg1 oxidation 366:374 the electrochemical oxidation 346:374 the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 346:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 4 30 theme triglycerides 705:717 arg1 quantification 687:700 The quantification 683:700 The quantification of triglycerides 683:717 The quantification of triglycerides was performed by amperometric measurements. 30172514 2 31 theme copper 481:486 arg1 nanoparticles 494:506 copper oxide nanoparticles 481:506 copper oxide nanoparticles 481:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 0 32 theme lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper 111:142 arg1 oxide 144:148 a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 109:148 a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 109:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 10 33 from determination 1429:1441 arg1 samples 1474:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 2 34 dep based 337:341 arg1 both 509:512 both 509:512 both 509:512 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 0 35 theme carbon 176:181 arg1 composite 200:208 carbon nanotubes/pectin composite 176:208 carbon nanotubes/pectin composite 176:208 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 1 36 theme totals 267:272 arg1 TGs 289:291 TGs 289:291 TGs 289:291 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. 30172514 1 36 theme totals 267:272 arg1 triglycerides 274:286 totals triglycerides 267:286 totals triglycerides (TGs) 267:292 A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. 30172514 9 37 theme 1.64 × 10-6 1210:1220 arg1 sensitivity 1194:1204 The sensitivity 1190:1204 The sensitivity 1190:1204 The sensitivity was 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1. 30172514 9 37 theme 1.64 × 10-6 1210:1220 arg1 g-1 1226:1228 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1 1210:1228 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1 1210:1228 The sensitivity was 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1. 30172514 2 38 theme lipase 463:468 arg1 enzyme 470:475 lipase enzyme 463:475 lipase enzyme 463:475 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 0 39 theme biosensor 34:42 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 0:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 0 40 from triglycerides 69:81 arg1 samples 92:98 serum samples 86:98 serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 86:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 0 41 theme electrochemical 18:32 arg1 biosensor 34:42 an electrochemical biosensor 15:42 an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 15:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 9 42 theme A L 1222:1224 arg1 sensitivity 1194:1204 The sensitivity 1190:1204 The sensitivity 1190:1204 The sensitivity was 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1. 30172514 9 42 theme A L 1222:1224 arg1 g-1 1226:1228 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1 1210:1228 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1 1210:1228 The sensitivity was 1.64 × 10-6 A L g-1. 30172514 10 43 from TGs 1446:1448 arg1 samples 1474:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 human serum clinical samples 1453:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 5 44 theme TGs 863:865 arg1 quantification 867:880 the TGs quantification 859:880 the TGs quantification 859:880 The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. 30172514 10 45 theme electrochemical 1244:1258 arg1 biosensor 1260:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 1231:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 1231:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 0 46 theme nanotubes/pectin 183:198 arg1 composite 200:208 carbon nanotubes/pectin composite 176:208 carbon nanotubes/pectin composite 176:208 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 6 47 theme samples 946:952 arg1 pretreatment 924:935 a pretreatment 922:935 a pretreatment of serum samples 922:952 The determination of TGs does not need a pretreatment of serum samples. 30172514 2 48 theme glycerol 379:386 arg1 oxidation 366:374 the electrochemical oxidation 346:374 the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles 346:506 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 7 49 theme TGs 1010:1012 arg1 quantification 992:1005 the quantification 988:1005 the quantification of TGs 988:1012 The PLS-1 algorithm was used for the quantification of TGs. 30172514 10 50 theme proposed 1235:1242 arg1 biosensor 1260:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 1231:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 1231:1268 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 5 51 theme electrochemical 776:790 arg1 biosensor 792:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 763:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor 763:800 The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. 30172514 6 52 theme serum 940:944 arg1 samples 946:952 serum samples 940:952 serum samples 940:952 The determination of TGs does not need a pretreatment of serum samples. 30172514 10 53 theme good 1404:1407 arg1 it 1378:1379 it 1378:1379 it 1378:1379 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 53 theme good 1404:1407 arg1 alternative 1409:1419 a very good alternative 1397:1419 a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples 1397:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 54 from samples 1474:1480 arg1 determination 1429:1441 the determination 1425:1441 the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples 1425:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 55 theme days 1323:1326 arg1 reproducibility 1339:1353 very good reproducibility 1329:1353 very good reproducibility 1329:1353 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 55 theme days 1323:1326 arg1 performance 1292:1302 a very good performance 1280:1302 a very good performance 1280:1302 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 55 theme days 1323:1326 arg1 stability 1307:1315 a stability 1305:1315 a stability of 20 days 1305:1326 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 55 theme days 1323:1326 arg1 repeatability 1359:1371 repeatability 1359:1371 repeatability 1359:1371 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 10 56 theme good 1334:1337 arg1 reproducibility 1339:1353 very good reproducibility 1329:1353 very good reproducibility 1329:1353 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 7 57 used used 979:982 arg2 algorithm 965:973 The PLS-1 algorithm 955:973 The PLS-1 algorithm 955:973 The PLS-1 algorithm was used for the quantification of TGs. 30172514 3 58 from present 636:642 arg1 samples 647:653 samples 647:653 samples 647:653 Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. 30172514 10 59 theme good 1287:1290 arg1 performance 1292:1302 a very good performance 1280:1302 a very good performance 1280:1302 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 0 60 theme triglycerides 69:81 arg1 determination 52:64 the determination 48:64 the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 48:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 0 61 from samples 92:98 arg1 determination 52:64 the determination 48:64 the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide 48:148 Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite. 30172514 10 62 theme TGs 1446:1448 arg1 determination 1429:1441 the determination 1425:1441 the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples 1425:1480 The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples. 30172514 2 63 theme nanotubes/pectin 548:563 arg1 dispersion 565:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion 527:574 It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. 30172514 5 64 theme methods 837:843 arg1 performance 815:825 the performance 811:825 the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification 811:880 The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. 29471093 3 0 theme composite 719:727 arg1 film 729:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 1 1 theme cellulose 289:297 arg1 CNC 312:314 CNC 312:314 CNC 312:314 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 1 theme cellulose 289:297 arg1 nanocrystal 299:309 cellulose nanocrystal 289:309 cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 289:315 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 6 2 theme physical 1151:1158 arg1 structure 1168:1176 physical network structure 1151:1176 physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film 1151:1202 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 3 theme excellent 1247:1255 arg1 stability 1265:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 7 4 with film 1389:1392 arg1 network 1425:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 7 5 theme property 1447:1454 arg1 reinforcements 1456:1469 greater property reinforcements 1439:1469 greater property reinforcements 1439:1469 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 3 6 theme composite 603:611 arg1 film 613:616 PVA/CNC composite film 595:616 PVA/CNC composite film 595:616 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 1 7 theme high 208:211 arg1 stability 224:232 high structural stability 208:232 high structural stability 208:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 7 8 theme composite 1379:1387 arg1 film 1389:1392 the PVA/CNC composite film 1367:1392 the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network 1367:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 6 9 link cross-linked 1218:1229 arg1 networks 1231:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 10 theme cross-linked 1218:1229 arg1 networks 1231:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 4 11 dep 266.8°C 949:955 arg1 film 1004:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 11 dep 266.8°C 949:955 arg1 to 969:970 to 969:970 to 969:970 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 11 dep 266.8°C 949:955 arg1 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 12 theme maximum 890:896 arg1 temperature 918:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 13 theme degradation 906:916 arg1 temperature 918:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 6 14 theme water 1290:1294 arg1 swelling 1296:1303 water swelling 1290:1303 water swelling 1290:1303 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 1 15 theme polyvinyl 163:171 arg1 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 15 theme polyvinyl 163:171 arg1 alcohol 173:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol 150:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability 150:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 6 16 theme PVA/CNC 1181:1187 arg1 film 1199:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 0 17 theme high 83:86 arg1 stability 99:107 high structural stability 83:107 high structural stability 83:107 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 5 18 theme cross-linked 1090:1101 arg1 film 1113:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 2 19 theme absorption 511:520 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 1 20 theme Fenton 374:379 arg1 radical 386:392 Fenton free radical 374:392 Fenton free radical 374:392 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 2 21 theme composite 540:548 arg1 films 550:554 the composite films 536:554 the composite films 536:554 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 6 22 theme CNC 1342:1344 arg1 level 1354:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 0 23 theme Chemical 0:7 arg1 polyvinyl 22:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 2 24 theme network 460:466 arg1 structure 468:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 4 25 theme composite 787:795 arg1 film 797:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 7 26 theme multiple 1403:1410 arg1 network 1425:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 5 27 link cross-linked 1090:1101 arg1 film 1113:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 3 28 theme uptake 681:686 arg1 properties 688:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties 647:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 647:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 3 29 from improvements 631:642 arg1 properties 688:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties 647:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 647:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 2 30 theme chemical 425:432 arg1 structure 468:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 0 31 theme nanocrystal 50:60 arg1 films 72:76 nanocrystal composite films 50:76 nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability 50:107 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 1 32 link Cross-linked 150:161 arg1 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 32 link Cross-linked 150:161 arg1 alcohol 173:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol 150:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability 150:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 33 theme modified 344:351 arg1 PVA 353:355 modified PVA 344:355 modified PVA 344:355 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 2 34 from influence 412:420 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 3 35 theme cross-linked 706:717 arg1 film 729:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 1 36 with films 197:201 arg1 stability 224:232 high structural stability 208:232 high structural stability 208:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 2 37 link cross-linked 434:445 arg1 structure 468:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 0 38 with films 72:76 arg1 stability 99:107 high structural stability 83:107 high structural stability 83:107 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 4 39 link cross-linked 774:785 arg1 film 797:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 40 theme composite 994:1002 arg1 film 1004:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 40 theme composite 994:1002 arg1 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 3 41 theme film 729:732 arg1 properties 688:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties 647:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 647:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 0 42 link cross-linked 9:20 arg1 polyvinyl 22:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 6 43 theme network 1160:1166 arg1 structure 1168:1176 physical network structure 1151:1176 physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film 1151:1202 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 44 theme thermal 1257:1263 arg1 stability 1265:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 1 45 theme composite 187:195 arg1 films 197:201 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films 150:201 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability 150:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 7 46 theme greater 1439:1445 arg1 reinforcements 1456:1469 greater property reinforcements 1439:1469 greater property reinforcements 1439:1469 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 7 47 theme cross-linked 1412:1423 arg1 network 1425:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 4 48 theme cross-linked 981:992 arg1 film 1004:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 48 theme cross-linked 981:992 arg1 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 3 49 theme PVA/CNC 595:601 arg1 film 613:616 PVA/CNC composite film 595:616 PVA/CNC composite film 595:616 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 6 50 theme same 1337:1340 arg1 level 1354:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 1 51 theme structural 213:222 arg1 stability 224:232 high structural stability 208:232 high structural stability 208:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 52 dep radical 256:262 arg1 copolymerization 264:279 copolymerization 264:279 copolymerization 264:279 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 3 53 theme significant 619:629 arg1 improvements 631:642 significant improvements 619:642 significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 619:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 6 54 theme multiple 1209:1216 arg1 networks 1231:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 the multiple cross-linked networks 1205:1238 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 55 theme structural 1309:1318 arg1 stability 1320:1328 structural stability 1309:1328 structural stability 1309:1328 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 5 56 theme % 1074:1074 arg1 % 1084:1084 220.6% to 175.7% 1069:1084 220.6% to 175.7% 1069:1084 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 1 57 dep nanocrystal 299:309 arg1 PVA 353:355 modified PVA 344:355 modified PVA 344:355 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 6 58 theme swelling 1296:1303 arg1 resistance 1276:1285 resistance 1276:1285 resistance of water swelling 1276:1303 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 58 theme swelling 1296:1303 arg1 stability 1320:1328 structural stability 1309:1328 structural stability 1309:1328 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 6 58 theme swelling 1296:1303 arg1 stability 1265:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 excellent thermal stability 1247:1273 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 3 59 theme mechanical 651:660 arg1 properties 688:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties 647:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 647:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 1 60 theme Cross-linked 150:161 arg1 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 PVA 182:184 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 60 theme Cross-linked 150:161 arg1 alcohol 173:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol 150:179 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability 150:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 4 61 theme thermal 898:904 arg1 temperature 918:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 the maximum thermal degradation temperature 886:928 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 6 62 theme composite 1189:1197 arg1 film 1199:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 4 63 theme tensile 750:756 arg1 strength 758:765 The tensile strength 746:765 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film 746:800 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 0 64 theme structural 88:97 arg1 stability 99:107 high structural stability 83:107 high structural stability 83:107 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 1 65 theme alcohol 173:179 arg1 films 197:201 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films 150:201 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability 150:232 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 7 66 link cross-linked 1412:1423 arg1 network 1425:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 the multiple cross-linked network 1399:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 5 67 theme composite 1103:1111 arg1 film 1113:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 cross-linked composite film 1090:1116 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 2 68 theme water 505:509 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 0 69 theme Fenton 121:126 arg1 reagent 128:134 Fenton reagent 121:134 Fenton reagent 121:134 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 2 70 theme films 550:554 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 4 71 theme film 797:800 arg1 strength 758:765 The tensile strength 746:765 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film 746:800 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 6 72 theme loading 1346:1352 arg1 level 1354:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 the same CNC loading level 1333:1358 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 1 73 theme free 381:384 arg1 radical 386:392 Fenton free radical 374:392 Fenton free radical 374:392 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 6 74 from structure 1168:1176 arg1 film 1199:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 PVA/CNC composite film 1181:1202 It indicates that compared with physical network structure in PVA/CNC composite film, the multiple cross-linked networks showed excellent thermal stability, resistance of water swelling and structural stability at the same CNC loading level. 29471093 0 75 theme cross-linked 9:20 arg1 polyvinyl 22:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl 0:30 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 2 76 theme structure 468:476 arg1 influence 412:420 The influence 408:420 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films 408:554 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 2 77 theme physical 451:458 arg1 structure 468:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 4 78 link cross-linked 981:992 arg1 film 1004:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 cross-linked composite film 981:1007 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 78 link cross-linked 981:992 arg1 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 366.7°C 972:978 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 79 theme cross-linked 774:785 arg1 film 797:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 the cross-linked composite film 770:800 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 2 80 theme cross-linked 434:445 arg1 structure 468:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 chemical cross-linked and physical network structure 425:476 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 0 81 theme composite 62:70 arg1 films 72:76 nanocrystal composite films 50:76 nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability 50:107 Chemical cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose nanocrystal composite films with high structural stability by spraying Fenton reagent as initiator. 29471093 1 82 theme maleic 321:326 arg1 MAH 339:341 MAH 339:341 MAH 339:341 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 1 82 theme maleic 321:326 arg1 anhydride 328:336 maleic anhydride 321:336 maleic anhydride (MAH) 321:342 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 2 83 theme thermal 493:499 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 5 84 dep % 1084:1084 arg1 to 1076:1077 to 1076:1077 to 1076:1077 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 3 85 theme thermal 663:669 arg1 properties 688:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties 647:697 the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film 647:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 5 86 theme water 1024:1028 arg1 absorption 1030:1039 the water absorption 1020:1039 the water absorption 1020:1039 Besides, the water absorption was reduced from 385.9% and 220.6% to 175.7% for cross-linked composite film. 29471093 2 87 theme mechanical 481:490 arg1 properties 522:531 mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties 481:531 properties 522:531 The influence of chemical cross-linked and physical network structure on mechanical, thermal and water absorption properties of the composite films were investigated. 29471093 7 88 theme PVA/CNC 1371:1377 arg1 film 1389:1392 the PVA/CNC composite film 1367:1392 the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network 1367:1431 Thus, the PVA/CNC composite film with the multiple cross-linked network shows greater property reinforcements. 29471093 1 89 theme free 251:254 arg1 radical 256:262 free radical 251:262 free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator 251:405 Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with high structural stability were prepared by free radical copolymerization between cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and maleic anhydride (MAH) modified PVA through spraying Fenton free radical as initiator. 29471093 3 90 link cross-linked 706:717 arg1 film 729:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 the cross-linked composite film 702:732 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 29471093 4 91 theme neat 829:832 arg1 23.1MPa 820:826 23.1MPa 820:826 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) 820:842 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 4 91 theme neat 829:832 arg1 PVA 834:836 neat PVA film 829:841 neat PVA film 829:841 The tensile strength of the cross-linked composite film was enhanced from 23.1MPa (neat PVA film) and 32.6MPa (PVA/CNC-10%) to 42.5MPa, and the maximum thermal degradation temperature was increased from 266.8°C and 281.2°C to 366.7°C (cross-linked composite film). 29471093 3 92 dep uptake 681:686 arg1 water 675:679 water 675:679 water 675:679 Compared to PVA and PVA/CNC composite film, significant improvements in the mechanical, thermal and water uptake properties of the cross-linked composite film were found. 30328055 4 0 theme sequences 757:765 arg1 majority 772:779 the majority 768:779 the majority 768:779 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 4 0 theme sequences 757:765 arg1 common 794:799 common 794:799 common 794:799 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 4 1 located found 736:740 arg1 sequences 757:765 the studied sequences 745:765 the studied sequences 745:765 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 4 1 located found 736:740 arg2 polymorphisms 665:677 23 polymorphisms 662:677 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) 662:729 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 6 2 theme time-point 1312:1321 arg1 effects 1275:1281 significant effects 1263:1281 significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition 1263:1368 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 3 3 theme selected 627:634 arg1 breeds 642:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 4 4 from breeds 818:823 arg1 majority 772:779 the majority 768:779 the majority 768:779 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 4 4 from breeds 818:823 arg1 common 794:799 common 794:799 common 794:799 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 0 5 theme 5'-flanking 0:10 arg1 variants 12:19 5'-flanking variants 0:19 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) 0:71 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 1 6 theme casein 154:159 arg1 proteins 161:168 casein proteins 154:168 casein proteins 154:168 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 7 7 theme expression 1512:1521 arg1 traits 1543:1548 the composition traits 1527:1548 the composition traits of mare's milk 1527:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 7 theme expression 1512:1521 arg1 studies 1495:1501 functional studies 1484:1501 functional studies of their expression 1484:1521 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 5 8 theme polymorphism 971:982 arg1 turns 993:997 the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns 948:997 the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns 948:997 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 2 9 theme domestic 254:261 arg1 horse 263:267 the domestic horse 250:267 the domestic horse 250:267 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 4 10 theme horse 812:816 arg1 breeds 818:823 various horse breeds 804:823 various horse breeds 804:823 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 6 11 theme horse 1286:1290 arg1 breed 1292:1296 horse breed 1286:1296 horse breed 1286:1296 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 7 12 theme functional 1484:1493 arg1 studies 1495:1501 functional studies 1484:1501 functional studies of their expression 1484:1521 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 1 13 from traits 216:221 arg1 mammals 226:232 mammals 226:232 mammals 226:232 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 5 14 theme relative 1145:1152 arg1 level 1159:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 0 15 theme milk 121:124 arg1 composition 126:136 milk composition 121:136 milk composition 121:136 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 6 16 from effects 1275:1281 arg1 composition 1358:1368 mare's milk composition 1346:1368 mare's milk composition 1346:1368 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 6 16 from effects 1275:1281 arg1 expression 1331:1340 gene expression 1326:1340 gene expression 1326:1340 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 3 17 theme gene 547:550 arg1 expression 552:561 the gene expression 543:561 the gene expression 543:561 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 18 from assessment 513:522 arg1 breeds 642:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 18 from assessment 513:522 arg1 expression 552:561 the gene expression 543:561 the gene expression 543:561 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 18 from assessment 513:522 arg1 levels 588:593 the mRNA and protein levels 567:593 levels 588:593 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 7 19 theme casein 1440:1445 arg1 proteins 1447:1454 casein proteins 1440:1454 casein proteins 1440:1454 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 20 theme genes 1425:1429 arg1 regions 1414:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions 1396:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins 1396:1454 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 20 theme genes 1425:1429 arg1 targets 1472:1478 interesting targets 1460:1478 interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk 1460:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 4 21 theme 21 680:681 arg1 SNPs 704:707 21 described previously SNPs 680:707 21 described previously SNPs 680:707 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 0 22 with relationship 83:94 arg1 expression 106:115 gene expression 101:115 gene expression 101:115 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 22 with relationship 83:94 arg1 composition 126:136 milk composition 121:136 milk composition 121:136 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 5 23 theme Coldblood 1210:1218 arg1 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 23 theme Coldblood 1210:1218 arg1 breed 1226:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed 1199:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05) 1199:1241 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 2 24 theme sequence 328:335 arg1 variants 337:344 coding sequence variants 321:344 coding sequence variants 321:344 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 6 25 theme breed 1292:1296 arg1 effects 1275:1281 significant effects 1263:1281 significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition 1263:1368 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 5 26 theme Polish 1054:1059 arg1 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 26 theme Polish 1054:1059 arg1 Horse  1071:1076 Polish Primitive Horse  1054:1076 Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1054:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 7 27 theme composition 1531:1541 arg1 traits 1543:1548 the composition traits 1527:1548 the composition traits of mare's milk 1527:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 5 28 theme milk 1169:1172 arg1 concentration 1182:1194 milk lactose concentration 1169:1194 milk lactose concentration 1169:1194 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 4 29 theme novel 717:721 arg1 InDels 723:728 two novel InDels 713:728 two novel InDels 713:728 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 0 30 theme casein 31:36 arg1 genes 38:42 equine casein genes 24:42 equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) 24:71 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 5 31 theme milk 1030:1033 arg1 content 1043:1049 the total milk protein content 1020:1049 the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1020:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 6 32 theme significant 1263:1273 arg1 effects 1275:1281 significant effects 1263:1281 significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition 1263:1368 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 2 33 theme genes 294:298 arg1 knowledge 274:282 our knowledge 270:282 our knowledge of casein genes 270:298 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 5 34 theme composition - for 921:937 arg1 example 939:945 milk composition - for example 916:945 milk composition - for example 916:945 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 35 theme c.-2105C>G 1097:1106 arg1 SNP 1108:1110 c.-2105C>G SNP 1097:1110 c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) 1097:1117 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 35 theme c.-2105C>G 1097:1106 arg1 CSN2 1113:1116 CSN2 1113:1116 CSN2 1113:1116 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 1 36 theme composition 204:214 arg1 traits 216:221 milk composition traits 199:221 milk composition traits in mammals 199:232 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 5 37 theme gene 897:900 arg1 expression 902:911 gene expression 897:911 gene expression 897:911 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 3 38 theme composition 605:615 arg1 traits 617:622 milk composition traits 600:622 milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 600:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 5 39 from content 1043:1049 arg1 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 39 from content 1043:1049 arg1 Horse  1071:1076 Polish Primitive Horse  1054:1076 Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1054:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 4 40 theme studied 749:755 arg1 sequences 757:765 the studied sequences 745:765 the studied sequences 745:765 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 3 41 from expression 552:561 arg1 assessment 513:522 a preliminary assessment 499:522 a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) 499:594 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 41 from expression 552:561 arg1 traits 617:622 milk composition traits 600:622 milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 600:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 0 42 dep genes 38:42 arg1 CSN3 67:70 CSN3 67:70 CSN3 67:70 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 42 dep genes 38:42 arg1 CSN2 61:64 CSN2 61:64 CSN2 61:64 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 42 dep genes 38:42 arg1 CSN1S2 53:58 CSN1S2 53:58 CSN1S2 53:58 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 42 dep genes 38:42 arg1 CSN1S1 45:50 CSN1S1 45:50 CSN1S1 45:50 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 6 43 theme lactation 1302:1310 arg1 time-point 1312:1321 lactation time-point 1302:1321 lactation time-point 1302:1321 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 3 44 theme horse 636:640 arg1 breeds 642:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 45 from traits 617:622 arg1 breeds 642:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 selected horse breeds 627:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 45 from traits 617:622 arg1 expression 552:561 the gene expression 543:561 the gene expression 543:561 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 45 from traits 617:622 arg1 levels 588:593 the mRNA and protein levels 567:593 levels 588:593 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 5 46 from level 1159:1163 arg1 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 46 from level 1159:1163 arg1 breed 1226:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed 1199:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05) 1199:1241 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 2 47 theme horse 263:267 arg1 case 242:245 the case 238:245 the case of the domestic horse 238:267 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 0 48 theme gene 101:104 arg1 expression 106:115 gene expression 101:115 gene expression 101:115 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 6 49 theme milk 1353:1356 arg1 composition 1358:1368 mare's milk composition 1346:1368 mare's milk composition 1346:1368 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 30328055 1 50 theme important 174:182 arg1 Genes 139:143 Genes 139:143 Genes encoding casein proteins 139:168 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 1 50 theme important 174:182 arg1 candidates 184:193 important candidates 174:193 important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals 174:232 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 4 51 theme various 804:810 arg1 breeds 818:823 various horse breeds 804:823 various horse breeds 804:823 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 5 52 from concentration 1182:1194 arg1 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 52 from concentration 1182:1194 arg1 breed 1226:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed 1199:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05) 1199:1241 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 53 dep associated 881:890 arg1 whereas 1089:1095 whereas 1089:1095 whereas 1089:1095 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 4 54 from common 794:799 arg1 breeds 818:823 various horse breeds 804:823 various horse breeds 804:823 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 3 55 theme preliminary 501:511 arg1 assessment 513:522 a preliminary assessment 499:522 a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) 499:594 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 5 56 theme total 1024:1028 arg1 content 1043:1049 the total milk protein content 1020:1049 the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1020:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 7 57 theme interesting 1460:1470 arg1 targets 1472:1478 interesting targets 1460:1478 interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk 1460:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 57 theme interesting 1460:1470 arg1 regions 1414:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions 1396:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins 1396:1454 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 5 58 theme beta-casein 1133:1143 arg1 level 1159:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 59 theme mRNA 1154:1157 arg1 level 1159:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 beta-casein relative mRNA level 1133:1163 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 60 theme c.-2047_-2048insAT 952:969 arg1 CSN1S1 985:990 CSN1S1 985:990 CSN1S1 985:990 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 60 theme c.-2047_-2048insAT 952:969 arg1 polymorphism 971:982 the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism 948:982 the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns 948:997 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 3 61 theme effect 533:538 arg1 assessment 513:522 a preliminary assessment 499:522 a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) 499:594 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 61 theme effect 533:538 arg1 traits 617:622 milk composition traits 600:622 milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 600:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 4 62 dep polymorphisms 665:677 arg1 SNPs 704:707 21 described previously SNPs 680:707 21 described previously SNPs 680:707 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 4 62 dep polymorphisms 665:677 arg1 InDels 723:728 two novel InDels 713:728 two novel InDels 713:728 Altogether, 23 polymorphisms (21 described previously SNPs and two novel InDels) were found in the studied sequences, the majority of which are common in various horse breeds. 30328055 3 63 from screening 367:375 arg1 regions 409:415 5'-flanking regions 397:415 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 397:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 7 64 theme 5'-regulatory 1400:1412 arg1 regions 1414:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions 1396:1420 the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins 1396:1454 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 64 theme 5'-regulatory 1400:1412 arg1 targets 1472:1478 interesting targets 1460:1478 interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk 1460:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 3 65 from effect 533:538 arg1 expression 552:561 the gene expression 543:561 the gene expression 543:561 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 66 dep caseins 447:453 arg1 caseins 447:453 equine caseins 440:453 equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) 440:486 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 66 dep caseins 447:453 arg1 CSN2 472:475 CSN2 472:475 CSN2 472:475 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 66 dep caseins 447:453 arg1 CSN3 482:485 CSN3 482:485 CSN3 482:485 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 66 dep caseins 447:453 arg1 CSN1S2 464:469 CSN1S2 464:469 CSN1S2 464:469 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 66 dep caseins 447:453 arg1 CSN1S1 456:461 CSN1S1 456:461 CSN1S1 456:461 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 7 67 theme milk 1560:1563 arg1 traits 1543:1548 the composition traits 1527:1548 the composition traits of mare's milk 1527:1563 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 7 67 theme milk 1560:1563 arg1 studies 1495:1501 functional studies 1484:1501 functional studies of their expression 1484:1521 Our study indicates that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding casein proteins are interesting targets for functional studies of their expression and the composition traits of mare's milk. 30328055 3 68 theme 5'-flanking 397:407 arg1 regions 409:415 5'-flanking regions 397:415 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 397:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 2 69 theme coding 321:326 arg1 variants 337:344 coding sequence variants 321:344 coding sequence variants 321:344 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 0 70 theme equine 24:29 arg1 genes 38:42 equine casein genes 24:42 equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) 24:71 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 5 71 theme Primitive 1061:1069 arg1 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 p < 0.05 1078:1085 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 71 theme Primitive 1061:1069 arg1 Horse  1071:1076 Polish Primitive Horse  1054:1076 Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1054:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 72 theme Statistical 826:836 arg1 analysis 838:845 Statistical analysis 826:845 Statistical analysis 826:845 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 73 theme lactose 1174:1180 arg1 concentration 1182:1194 milk lactose concentration 1169:1194 milk lactose concentration 1169:1194 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 3 74 theme genes 425:429 arg1 regions 409:415 5'-flanking regions 397:415 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 397:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 0 75 theme genes 38:42 arg1 variants 12:19 5'-flanking variants 0:19 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) 0:71 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 75 theme genes 38:42 arg1 relationship 83:94 their relationship 77:94 their relationship with gene expression and milk composition 77:136 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 5 76 theme protein 1035:1041 arg1 content 1043:1049 the total milk protein content 1020:1049 the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05) 1020:1086 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 77 theme milk 916:919 arg1 example 939:945 milk composition - for example 916:945 milk composition - for example 916:945 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 3 78 theme protein 580:586 arg1 levels 588:593 the mRNA and protein levels 567:593 levels 588:593 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 0 79 with variants 12:19 arg1 expression 106:115 gene expression 101:115 gene expression 101:115 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 0 79 with variants 12:19 arg1 composition 126:136 milk composition 121:136 milk composition 121:136 5'-flanking variants of equine casein genes (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, CSN3) and their relationship with gene expression and milk composition. 30328055 2 80 theme casein 287:292 arg1 genes 294:298 casein genes 287:298 casein genes 287:298 In the case of the domestic horse, our knowledge of casein genes is limited mainly to coding sequence variants. 30328055 3 81 dep genes 425:429 arg1 encoding 431:438 encoding 431:438 encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) 431:486 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 81 dep genes 425:429 arg1 making 492:497 making 492:497 making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 492:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 82 theme mRNA 571:574 arg1 levels 588:593 the mRNA and protein levels 567:593 levels 588:593 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 5 83 theme Horse 1220:1224 arg1 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 p < 0.05 1233:1240 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 5 83 theme Horse 1220:1224 arg1 breed 1226:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed 1199:1230 the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05) 1199:1241 Statistical analysis revealed that some are putatively associated with gene expression or milk composition - for example, the c.-2047_-2048insAT polymorphism (CSN1S1) turns out to be related to the total milk protein content in Polish Primitive Horse (p < 0.05), whereas c.-2105C>G SNP (CSN2) is related to beta-casein relative mRNA level and milk lactose concentration in the Polish Coldblood Horse breed (p < 0.05). 30328055 3 84 theme equine 440:445 arg1 caseins 447:453 equine caseins 440:453 equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) 440:486 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 84 theme equine 440:445 arg1 CSN2 472:475 CSN2 472:475 CSN2 472:475 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 84 theme equine 440:445 arg1 CSN3 482:485 CSN3 482:485 CSN3 482:485 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 84 theme equine 440:445 arg1 CSN1S2 464:469 CSN1S2 464:469 CSN1S2 464:469 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 3 84 theme equine 440:445 arg1 CSN1S1 456:461 CSN1S1 456:461 CSN1S1 456:461 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 1 85 theme milk 199:202 arg1 traits 216:221 milk composition traits 199:221 milk composition traits in mammals 199:232 Genes encoding casein proteins are important candidates for milk composition traits in mammals. 30328055 3 86 theme milk 600:603 arg1 traits 617:622 milk composition traits 600:622 milk composition traits in selected horse breeds 600:647 This study involved screening for polymorphism in 5'-flanking regions of four genes encoding equine caseins (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3) and making a preliminary assessment of their effect on the gene expression (on the mRNA and protein levels) and milk composition traits in selected horse breeds. 30328055 6 87 theme gene 1326:1329 arg1 expression 1331:1340 gene expression 1326:1340 gene expression 1326:1340 We have also found significant effects of horse breed and lactation time-point on gene expression and mare's milk composition. 29914362 8 0 theme oligomeric 1673:1682 arg1 PAs 1684:1686 their oligomeric PAs 1667:1686 their oligomeric PAs 1667:1686 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 7 1 theme predicted 1141:1149 arg1 genes 1151:1155 the predicted genes 1137:1155 the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) 1137:1196 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 2 2 theme main 315:318 arg1 ingredients 331:341 the main functional ingredients 311:341 the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor 311:378 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 2 theme main 315:318 arg1 volatiles 297:305 volatiles 297:305 volatiles 297:305 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 2 theme main 315:318 arg1 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 10 3 theme sucrose 1976:1982 arg1 treatment 1984:1992 in vitro sucrose treatment 1967:1992 in vitro sucrose treatment 1967:1992 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 10 4 theme GC/MS 1793:1797 arg1 data 1799:1802 GC/MS data 1793:1802 GC/MS data 1793:1802 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 12 5 theme polyphenols 2221:2231 arg1 transport 2208:2216 the transport 2204:2216 the transport of polyphenols 2204:2231 Additionally, sucrose promotes the transport of polyphenols and changes the aroma composition in tea plant. 29914362 5 6 theme expressed 872:880 arg1 genes 882:886 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes 843:886 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes 843:886 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 11 7 theme factor 2141:2146 arg1 genes 2148:2152 transcription factor genes 2127:2152 transcription factor genes 2127:2152 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 3 8 theme volatile 560:567 arg1 variation 581:589 volatile composition variation 560:589 volatile composition variation 560:589 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 4 9 theme Metabolic 614:622 arg1 analysis 624:631 Metabolic analysis 614:631 Metabolic analysis 614:631 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 8 10 theme quadrupole 1416:1425 arg1 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 8 10 theme quadrupole 1416:1425 arg1 spectrometry 1432:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 1369:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 0 11 theme transcriptomic 90:103 arg1 analysis 119:126 transcriptomic and metabolic analysis 90:126 transcriptomic and metabolic analysis 90:126 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 8 12 theme non-galloylated 1500:1514 arg1 catechins 1516:1524 non-galloylated catechins 1500:1524 non-galloylated catechins 1500:1524 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 0 13 theme metabolic 109:117 arg1 analysis 119:126 transcriptomic and metabolic analysis 90:126 transcriptomic and metabolic analysis 90:126 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 11 14 theme genes 2166:2170 arg1 expression 2113:2122 the expression 2109:2122 the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes 2109:2170 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 10 15 theme compounds 1840:1848 arg1 types 1822:1826 four types 1817:1826 four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, 1817:1930 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 5 16 theme sucrose-treated 908:922 arg1 plants 928:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 8 17 theme PAs 1541:1543 arg1 content 1489:1495 the content 1485:1495 the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs 1485:1543 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 10 18 theme aromatic 1879:1886 arg1 derivatives 1888:1898 aromatic derivatives 1879:1898 aromatic derivatives 1879:1898 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 4 19 theme anthocyanins 666:677 arg1 content 655:661 the total content 645:661 the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) 645:716 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 3 20 from biosynthesis 543:554 arg1 plants 598:603 tea plants 594:603 tea plants 594:603 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 0 21 theme tea 50:52 arg1 Camellia 62:69 Camellia 62:69 Camellia 62:69 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 0 21 theme tea 50:52 arg1 plants 54:59 tea plants 50:59 tea plants (Camellia sinensis) 50:79 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 10 22 theme derivatives 1866:1876 arg1 types 1822:1826 four types 1817:1826 four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, 1817:1930 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 1 23 theme BACKGROUND 129:138 arg1 plants 144:149 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 4 24 theme catechins 680:688 arg1 content 655:661 the total content 645:661 the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) 645:716 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 0 25 from Effects 0:6 arg1 components 36:45 quality components 28:45 quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) 28:79 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 8 26 theme ultra-performance 1369:1385 arg1 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 8 26 theme ultra-performance 1369:1385 arg1 spectrometry 1432:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 1369:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 6 27 theme structural 985:994 arg1 genes 996:1000 structural genes 985:1000 structural genes 985:1000 Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. 29914362 8 28 theme chromatography-triple 1394:1414 arg1 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 8 28 theme chromatography-triple 1394:1414 arg1 spectrometry 1432:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 1369:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 7 29 theme cassette 1211:1218 arg1 transporters 1220:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters 1199:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) 1199:1250 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 29 theme cassette 1211:1218 arg1 transporters 1238:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 0 30 theme quality 28:34 arg1 components 36:45 quality components 28:45 quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) 28:79 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 2 31 theme abiotic 404:410 arg1 unclear 462:468 unclear 462:468 unclear 462:468 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 31 theme abiotic 404:410 arg1 factors 412:418 the biotic or abiotic factors 390:418 the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis 390:456 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 8 32 theme mass 1427:1430 arg1 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 8 32 theme mass 1427:1430 arg1 spectrometry 1432:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 1369:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 1 33 theme popular 227:233 arg1 beverages 249:257 the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages 205:257 the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world 205:278 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 2 34 theme biotic 394:399 arg1 unclear 462:468 unclear 462:468 unclear 462:468 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 34 theme biotic 394:399 arg1 factors 412:418 the biotic or abiotic factors 390:418 the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis 390:456 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 0 35 theme vitro 11:15 arg1 sucrose 17:23 vitro sucrose 11:23 vitro sucrose 11:23 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 1 36 theme beverages 249:257 arg1 one 198:200 one 198:200 one 198:200 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 1 36 theme beverages 249:257 arg1 beverages 249:257 the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages 205:257 the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world 205:278 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 6 37 theme polyphenol 1046:1055 arg1 biosynthesis 1057:1068 polyphenol biosynthesis 1046:1068 polyphenol biosynthesis 1046:1068 Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. 29914362 2 38 theme polyphenol 434:443 arg1 biosynthesis 445:456 tea polyphenol biosynthesis 430:456 tea polyphenol biosynthesis 430:456 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 10 39 theme derivatives 1907:1917 arg1 types 1822:1826 four types 1817:1826 four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, 1817:1930 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 3 40 from variation 581:589 arg1 plants 598:603 tea plants 594:603 tea plants 594:603 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 11 41 dep CONCLUSIONS 1995:2005 arg1 demonstrated 2016:2027 demonstrated 2016:2027 demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes 2016:2170 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 4 42 dep RESULTS 606:612 arg1 showed 633:638 showed 633:638 showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment 633:807 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 3 43 theme tea 594:596 arg1 plants 598:603 tea plants 594:603 tea plants 594:603 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 3 44 theme molecular 497:505 arg1 mechanisms 507:516 the molecular mechanisms 493:516 the molecular mechanisms of sucrose 493:527 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 7 45 theme extrusion 1286:1294 arg1 transporters 1296:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters 1257:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) 1257:1327 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 45 theme extrusion 1286:1294 arg1 transporters 1315:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 12 46 theme aroma 2249:2253 arg1 composition 2255:2265 the aroma composition 2245:2265 the aroma composition in tea plant 2245:2278 Additionally, sucrose promotes the transport of polyphenols and changes the aroma composition in tea plant. 29914362 12 47 from composition 2255:2265 arg1 plant 2274:2278 tea plant 2270:2278 tea plant 2270:2278 Additionally, sucrose promotes the transport of polyphenols and changes the aroma composition in tea plant. 29914362 7 48 dep appeared 1329:1336 arg1 regulated 1341:1349 regulated 1341:1349 appeared up regulated 1329:1349 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 49 theme toxic 1271:1275 arg1 transporters 1296:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters 1257:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) 1257:1327 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 49 theme toxic 1271:1275 arg1 transporters 1315:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 11 50 from biosynthesis 2063:2074 arg1 sinensis 2088:2095 Camellia sinensis 2079:2095 Camellia sinensis 2079:2095 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 2 51 theme functional 320:329 arg1 ingredients 331:341 the main functional ingredients 311:341 the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor 311:378 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 51 theme functional 320:329 arg1 volatiles 297:305 volatiles 297:305 volatiles 297:305 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 2 51 theme functional 320:329 arg1 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols 281:291 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 7 52 theme multidrug 1257:1265 arg1 transporters 1296:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters 1257:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) 1257:1327 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 52 theme multidrug 1257:1265 arg1 transporters 1315:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 11 53 theme Camellia 2079:2086 arg1 sinensis 2088:2095 Camellia sinensis 2079:2095 Camellia sinensis 2079:2095 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 10 54 theme volatile 1831:1838 arg1 compounds 1840:1848 volatile compounds 1831:1848 volatile compounds 1831:1848 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 5 55 theme 2-day 891:895 arg1 plants 928:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 1 56 theme [Camellia 151:159 arg1 L. 171:172 L. 171:172 L. 171:172 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 1 56 theme [Camellia 151:159 arg1 sinensis 161:168 [Camellia sinensis 151:168 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 9 57 theme related 1719:1725 arg1 flavonoids 1727:1736 the related flavonoids 1715:1736 the related flavonoids 1715:1736 This result suggests that the related flavonoids were transported downward in the stem by transporters. 29914362 3 58 theme polyphenol 532:541 arg1 biosynthesis 543:554 polyphenol biosynthesis 532:554 polyphenol biosynthesis 532:554 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 4 59 theme total 649:653 arg1 content 655:661 the total content 645:661 the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) 645:716 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 12 60 theme tea 2270:2272 arg1 plant 2274:2278 tea plant 2270:2278 tea plant 2270:2278 Additionally, sucrose promotes the transport of polyphenols and changes the aroma composition in tea plant. 29914362 3 61 theme sucrose 521:527 arg1 mechanisms 507:516 the molecular mechanisms 493:516 the molecular mechanisms of sucrose 493:527 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 5 62 theme Transcriptomic 810:823 arg1 analysis 825:832 Transcriptomic analysis 810:832 Transcriptomic analysis 810:832 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 11 63 theme genes 2148:2152 arg1 expression 2113:2122 the expression 2109:2122 the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes 2109:2170 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 8 64 theme catechins 1516:1524 arg1 content 1489:1495 the content 1485:1495 the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs 1485:1543 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 10 65 theme terpene 1858:1864 arg1 derivatives 1866:1876 terpene derivatives 1858:1876 terpene derivatives 1858:1876 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 11 66 theme transcription 2127:2139 arg1 genes 2148:2152 transcription factor genes 2127:2152 transcription factor genes 2127:2152 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 8 67 theme oligomeric 1530:1539 arg1 PAs 1541:1543 oligomeric PAs 1530:1543 oligomeric PAs 1530:1543 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 5 68 theme 14-day 901:906 arg1 plants 928:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 10 69 theme derivatives 1888:1898 arg1 types 1822:1826 four types 1817:1826 four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, 1817:1930 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 5 70 theme tea 924:926 arg1 plants 928:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants 891:933 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 11 71 theme pathway 2158:2164 arg1 genes 2166:2170 pathway genes 2158:2170 pathway genes 2158:2170 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 4 72 theme proanthocyanidins 695:711 arg1 content 655:661 the total content 645:661 the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) 645:716 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 0 73 theme plants 54:59 arg1 components 36:45 quality components 28:45 quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) 28:79 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 6 74 dep genes 996:1000 arg1 the 981:983 the 981:983 the 981:983 Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. 29914362 7 75 theme ABC 1234:1236 arg1 transporters 1220:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters 1199:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) 1199:1250 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 75 theme ABC 1234:1236 arg1 transporters 1238:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 1 76 theme Tea 140:142 arg1 plants 144:149 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 6 77 theme transcription 1006:1018 arg1 TFs 1029:1031 TFs 1029:1031 TFs 1029:1031 Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. 29914362 6 77 theme transcription 1006:1018 arg1 factors 1020:1026 transcription factors 1006:1026 transcription factors (TFs) 1006:1032 Most of the structural genes and transcription factors (TFs) involved in polyphenol biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated after 2d. 29914362 1 78 dep popular 227:233 arg1 non-alcoholic 235:247 non-alcoholic 235:247 non-alcoholic 235:247 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 7 79 theme ATP-binding 1199:1209 arg1 transporters 1220:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters 1199:1231 ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) 1199:1250 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 79 theme ATP-binding 1199:1209 arg1 transporters 1238:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 ABC transporters 1234:1249 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 8 80 theme liquid 1387:1392 arg1 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS 1446:1459 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 8 80 theme liquid 1387:1392 arg1 spectrometry 1432:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry 1369:1443 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 0 81 dep Camellia 62:69 arg1 sinensis 71:78 Camellia sinensis 62:78 Camellia sinensis 62:78 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 1 82 dep plants 144:149 arg1 L. 171:172 L. 171:172 L. 171:172 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 1 82 dep plants 144:149 arg1 sinensis 161:168 [Camellia sinensis 151:168 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] 129:184 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 0 83 theme sucrose 17:23 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) 0:79 Effects of vitro sucrose on quality components of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) based on transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. 29914362 5 84 theme control-treated 949:963 arg1 plants 965:970 control-treated plants 949:970 control-treated plants 949:970 Transcriptomic analysis revealed 8384 and 5571 differentially expressed genes in 2-day and 14-day sucrose-treated tea plants compared with control-treated plants. 29914362 3 85 theme composition 569:579 arg1 variation 581:589 volatile composition variation 560:589 volatile composition variation 560:589 This paper focuses on the molecular mechanisms of sucrose on polyphenol biosynthesis and volatile composition variation in tea plants. 29914362 8 86 theme spectrometry 1432:1443 arg1 analysis 1462:1469 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis 1369:1469 Correspondingly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the content of non-galloylated catechins and oligomeric PAs decreased in the upper-stem and increased in the lower-stem significantly, especially catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and their oligomeric PAs. 29914362 7 87 theme glutathione 1166:1176 arg1 GST 1193:1195 GST 1193:1195 GST 1193:1195 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 87 theme glutathione 1166:1176 arg1 S-transferase 1178:1190 glutathione S-transferase 1166:1190 glutathione S-transferase (GST) 1166:1196 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 88 theme MATE 1310:1313 arg1 transporters 1296:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters 1257:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) 1257:1327 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 88 theme MATE 1310:1313 arg1 transporters 1315:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 2 89 theme tea 430:432 arg1 biosynthesis 445:456 tea polyphenol biosynthesis 430:456 tea polyphenol biosynthesis 430:456 Polyphenols and volatiles are the main functional ingredients determining tea's quality and flavor; however, the biotic or abiotic factors affecting tea polyphenol biosynthesis are unclear. 29914362 10 90 theme lipid 1901:1905 arg1 derivatives 1907:1917 lipid derivatives 1901:1917 lipid derivatives 1901:1917 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 1 91 dep L. 171:172 arg1 Kuntze 178:183 Kuntze 178:183 Kuntze 178:183 BACKGROUND Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] can produce one of the three most widely popular non-alcoholic beverages throughout the world. 29914362 10 92 dep in 1967:1968 arg1 vitro 1970:1974 vitro 1970:1974 vitro 1970:1974 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 4 93 theme treatment 799:807 arg1 14 days 788:794 14 days 788:794 14 days of treatment 788:807 RESULTS Metabolic analysis showed that the total content of anthocyanins, catechins, and proanthocyanidins(PAs) increased with sucrose, and they accumulated most significantly after 14 days of treatment. 29914362 7 94 theme compound 1277:1284 arg1 transporters 1296:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters 1257:1307 multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) 1257:1327 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 7 94 theme compound 1277:1284 arg1 transporters 1315:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 MATE transporters 1310:1326 Among these transcripts, the predicted genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters (MATE transporters) appeared up regulated. 29914362 10 95 theme others 1924:1929 arg1 types 1822:1826 four types 1817:1826 four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, 1817:1930 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29914362 11 96 theme polyphenol 2052:2061 arg1 biosynthesis 2063:2074 polyphenol biosynthesis 2052:2074 polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis 2052:2095 CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that sucrose regulates polyphenol biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis by altering the expression of transcription factor genes and pathway genes. 29914362 10 97 theme in 1967:1968 arg1 treatment 1984:1992 in vitro sucrose treatment 1967:1992 in vitro sucrose treatment 1967:1992 GC/MS data implied that four types of volatile compounds, namely terpene derivatives, aromatic derivatives, lipid derivatives, and others, were accumulated differently after in vitro sucrose treatment. 29635149 3 0 theme saccharide 668:677 arg1 effect 649:654 the effect 645:654 the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein 645:707 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 0 1 theme theory 160:165 arg1 context 133:139 the context 129:139 the context of excluded volume theory 129:165 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 2 2 theme monosaccharides 327:341 arg1 Mixtures 309:316 Mixtures 309:316 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 309:381 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 3 3 theme mixtures 818:825 arg1 case 799:802 the case 795:802 the case of saccharide mixtures 795:825 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 0 4 theme monosaccharide 76:89 arg1 mixtures 91:98 monosaccharide mixtures 76:98 monosaccharide mixtures 76:98 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 4 5 theme extended 832:839 arg1 model 841:845 The extended model 828:845 The extended model 828:845 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 2 6 contain have 397:400 arg1 Mixtures 309:316 Mixtures 309:316 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 309:381 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 6 contain have 397:400 arg2 effect 424:429 a greater stabilizing effect 402:429 a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins 402:457 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 7 theme tri- 506:509 arg1 concentrations 484:497 equal weight/volume concentrations 464:497 equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 464:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 8 from effect 424:429 arg1 proteins 450:457 the two proteins 442:457 the two proteins 442:457 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 8 from effect 424:429 arg1 each 434:437 each 434:437 each 434:437 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 9 theme di- 502:504 arg1 tri- 506:509 di- tri- 502:509 di- tri- 502:509 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 4 10 from effect 887:892 arg1 lysozyme 937:944 lysozyme 937:944 lysozyme 937:944 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 4 10 from effect 887:892 arg1 α-LA 928:931 α-LA 928:931 α-LA 928:931 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 4 10 from effect 887:892 arg1 results 993:999 previously published results 972:999 previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys 972:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 3 11 from effect 649:654 arg1 stability 686:694 the stability 682:694 the stability of a protein 682:707 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 2 12 from Mixtures 309:316 arg1 ratio 377:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 1 13 theme thermal 172:178 arg1 stability 180:188 The thermal stability 168:188 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme 168:229 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 3 14 theme protein 701:707 arg1 stability 686:694 the stability 682:694 the stability of a protein 682:707 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 2 15 dep composition 555:565 arg1 raffinose 588:596 raffinose 588:596 raffinose 588:596 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 15 dep composition 555:565 arg1 stachyose 603:611 stachyose 603:611 stachyose 603:611 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 15 dep composition 555:565 arg1 trehalose 577:585 trehalose 577:585 trehalose 577:585 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 15 dep composition 555:565 arg1 sucrose 568:574 sucrose 568:574 sucrose 568:574 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 2 16 theme stoichiometric 362:375 arg1 ratio 377:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 4 17 theme stabilizing 875:885 arg1 effect 887:892 quantitatively the stabilizing effect 856:892 quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys 856:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 2 18 with tri- 506:509 arg1 composition 555:565 identical subunit composition 537:565 identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 537:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 6 19 theme experimental 1071:1082 arg1 uncertainty 1084:1094 experimental uncertainty 1071:1094 experimental uncertainty 1071:1094 138 (2008) 120] to within experimental uncertainty. 29635149 2 20 theme appropriate 350:360 arg1 ratio 377:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 the appropriate stoichiometric ratio 346:381 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 0 21 theme thermal 18:24 arg1 stabilization 26:38 the thermal stabilization 14:38 the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures 14:98 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 1 22 theme mixtures 263:270 arg1 presence 251:258 the presence 247:258 the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose 247:306 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 2 23 theme identical 537:545 arg1 composition 555:565 identical subunit composition 537:565 identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 537:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 1 24 theme apo 193:195 arg1 α-lactalbumin 197:209 apo α-lactalbumin 193:209 apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) 193:216 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 1 24 theme apo 193:195 arg1 α-LA 212:215 α-LA 212:215 α-LA 212:215 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 2 25 theme greater 404:410 arg1 effect 424:429 a greater stabilizing effect 402:429 a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins 402:457 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 3 26 theme excluded 619:626 arg1 model 635:639 The excluded volume model 615:639 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] 615:771 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 1 27 theme α-lactalbumin 197:209 arg1 stability 180:188 The thermal stability 168:188 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme 168:229 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 1 28 theme glucose 275:281 arg1 mixtures 263:270 mixtures 263:270 mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose 263:306 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 2 29 theme tetrasaccharides 515:530 arg1 concentrations 484:497 equal weight/volume concentrations 464:497 equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 464:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 3 30 theme volume 628:633 arg1 model 635:639 The excluded volume model 615:639 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] 615:771 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 0 31 theme stabilization 26:38 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 0:166 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 3 32 theme et 736:737 arg1 [Biochemistry 743:755 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 2 33 theme stabilizing 412:422 arg1 effect 424:429 a greater stabilizing effect 402:429 a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins 402:457 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 1 34 theme fructose 284:291 arg1 mixtures 263:270 mixtures 263:270 mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose 263:306 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 0 35 theme volume 153:158 arg1 theory 160:165 excluded volume theory 144:165 excluded volume theory 144:165 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 4 36 theme mixtures 916:923 arg1 effect 887:892 quantitatively the stabilizing effect 856:892 quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys 856:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 0 37 theme proteins 43:50 arg1 stabilization 26:38 the thermal stabilization 14:38 the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures 14:98 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 0 38 theme excluded 144:151 arg1 theory 160:165 excluded volume theory 144:165 excluded volume theory 144:165 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 0 39 from analysis 117:124 arg1 context 133:139 the context 129:139 the context of excluded volume theory 129:165 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 4 40 theme published 983:991 arg1 results 993:999 previously published results 972:999 previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys 972:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 3 41 theme single 661:666 arg1 saccharide 668:677 a single saccharide 659:677 a single saccharide 659:677 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 2 42 with tetrasaccharides 515:530 arg1 composition 555:565 identical subunit composition 537:565 identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 537:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 3 43 theme Beg 732:734 arg1 [Biochemistry 743:755 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 4 44 theme A 1027:1027 arg1 [Biophys 1029:1036 ribonuclease A [Biophys 1014:1036 ribonuclease A [Biophys 1014:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 2 45 theme subunit 547:553 arg1 composition 555:565 identical subunit composition 537:565 identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 537:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 0 46 from Measurement 101:111 arg1 context 133:139 the context 129:139 the context of excluded volume theory 129:165 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 2 47 theme weight/volume 470:482 arg1 concentrations 484:497 equal weight/volume concentrations 464:497 equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 464:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 4 48 theme monosaccharide 901:914 arg1 mixtures 916:923 all monosaccharide mixtures 897:923 all monosaccharide mixtures 897:923 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 4 49 theme ribonuclease 1014:1025 arg1 A 1027:1027 ribonuclease A 1014:1027 ribonuclease A [Biophys 1014:1036 The extended model predicts quantitatively the stabilizing effect of all monosaccharide mixtures on α-LA and lysozyme reported here, as well as previously published results obtained for ribonuclease A [Biophys. 29635149 1 50 theme lysozyme 222:229 arg1 stability 180:188 The thermal stability 168:188 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme 168:229 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 2 51 theme equal 464:468 arg1 concentrations 484:497 equal weight/volume concentrations 464:497 equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose) 464:612 Mixtures of these monosaccharides in the appropriate stoichiometric ratio were found to have a greater stabilizing effect on each of the two proteins than equal weight/volume concentrations of di- tri- and tetrasaccharides with identical subunit composition (sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose). 29635149 1 52 theme galactose 298:306 arg1 mixtures 263:270 mixtures 263:270 mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose 263:306 The thermal stability of apo α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and lysozyme was measured in the presence of mixtures of glucose, fructose, and galactose. 29635149 0 53 dep Comparison 0:9 arg1 Measurement 101:111 Measurement 101:111 Measurement 101:111 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 0 53 dep Comparison 0:9 arg1 analysis 117:124 analysis 117:124 analysis 117:124 Comparison of the thermal stabilization of proteins by oligosaccharides and monosaccharide mixtures: Measurement and analysis in the context of excluded volume theory. 29635149 3 54 theme saccharide 807:816 arg1 mixtures 818:825 saccharide mixtures 807:825 saccharide mixtures 807:825 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 29635149 3 55 theme al. 739:741 arg1 [Biochemistry 743:755 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594 732:770 The excluded volume model for the effect of a single saccharide on the stability of a protein previously proposed by Beg et al. [Biochemistry 54 (2015) 3594] was extended to treat the case of saccharide mixtures. 30879676 0 0 theme cellular 78:85 arg1 compatibility 87:99 their cellular compatibility 72:99 their cellular compatibility 72:99 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 7 1 theme coated 1169:1174 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 1 theme coated 1169:1174 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 1 2 theme biomedical 175:184 arg1 applications 186:197 biomedical applications 175:197 biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility 175:227 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 7 3 theme bilayers 1160:1167 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 3 theme bilayers 1160:1167 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 4 contain have 1182:1185 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 4 contain have 1182:1185 arg2 applications 1210:1221 considerably potential applications 1187:1221 considerably potential applications 1187:1221 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 4 contain have 1182:1185 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 2 5 theme cellulose 361:369 arg1 mats 383:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats 349:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 349:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 6 6 theme L929 1054:1057 arg1 fibroblasts 1059:1069 L929 fibroblasts 1054:1069 L929 fibroblasts 1054:1069 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 3 7 theme physical 572:579 arg1 property 581:588 physical property 572:588 physical property 572:588 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 2 8 theme nanofibrous 371:381 arg1 mats 383:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats 349:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 349:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 4 9 theme mats 751:754 arg1 composition 732:742 composition 732:742 composition 732:742 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 4 9 theme mats 751:754 arg1 morphology 717:726 surface morphology 709:726 surface morphology 709:726 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 4 10 dep morphology 717:726 arg1 the 705:707 the 705:707 the 705:707 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 1 11 theme due 199:201 arg1 applications 186:197 biomedical applications 175:197 biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility 175:227 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 3 12 theme surface 552:558 arg1 morphology 560:569 surface morphology 552:569 surface morphology 552:569 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 3 13 theme deposition 466:475 arg1 process 477:483 the successful deposition process 451:483 the successful deposition process 451:483 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 0 14 theme source 4:9 arg1 proteins 19:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 6 15 theme antibacterial 995:1007 arg1 activity 1009:1016 antibacterial activity 995:1016 antibacterial activity 995:1016 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 2 16 theme self-assembly 407:419 arg1 technology 427:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 0 17 theme Egg 0:2 arg1 proteins 19:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 6 18 theme excellent 1022:1030 arg1 biocompatibility 1032:1047 excellent biocompatibility 1022:1047 excellent biocompatibility 1022:1047 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 7 19 theme structured 1103:1112 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 19 theme structured 1103:1112 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 3 20 theme chemical 591:598 arg1 composition 600:610 chemical composition 591:610 chemical composition 591:610 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 2 21 theme layer-by-layer 392:405 arg1 technology 427:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 7 22 theme cellulose 1114:1122 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 22 theme cellulose 1114:1122 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 4 23 theme behavior 853:860 arg1 variation 832:840 the variation 828:840 the variation of wetting behavior 828:860 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 2 24 theme albumin 329:335 arg1 AE 342:343 AE 342:343 AE 342:343 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 2 24 theme albumin 329:335 arg1 egg 337:339 albumin egg 329:339 albumin egg (AE) 329:344 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 4 25 theme wetting 845:851 arg1 behavior 853:860 wetting behavior 845:860 wetting behavior 845:860 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 0 26 theme natural 11:17 arg1 proteins 19:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins 0:26 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 7 27 theme nanofibrous 1124:1134 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 27 theme nanofibrous 1124:1134 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 3 28 theme LBL 535:537 arg1 process 539:545 LBL process 535:545 LBL process 535:545 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 0 29 theme modified 32:39 arg1 mats 63:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 3 30 theme mats 523:526 arg1 variations 505:514 the variations 501:514 the variations of the mats during LBL process 501:545 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 7 31 theme LBL 1099:1101 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 31 theme LBL 1099:1101 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 32 theme biomedical 1230:1239 arg1 field 1241:1245 the biomedical field 1226:1245 the biomedical field 1226:1245 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 3 33 theme wetting 613:619 arg1 behavior 621:628 wetting behavior 613:628 wetting behavior 613:628 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 2 34 theme LBL 422:424 arg1 technology 427:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 392:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 7 35 theme potential 1200:1208 arg1 applications 1210:1221 considerably potential applications 1187:1221 considerably potential applications 1187:1221 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 4 36 theme LBL 789:791 arg1 process 793:799 LBL process 789:799 LBL process 789:799 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30879676 0 37 theme nanofibrous 51:61 arg1 mats 63:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 7 38 theme AE 1089:1090 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 38 theme AE 1089:1090 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 3 39 theme successful 455:464 arg1 process 477:483 the successful deposition process 451:483 the successful deposition process 451:483 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 2 40 theme natural-based 246:258 arg1 composite 260:268 a novel natural-based composite 238:268 a novel natural-based composite 238:268 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 2 41 theme electrospun 349:359 arg1 mats 383:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats 349:386 electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology 349:436 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 0 42 theme cellulose 41:49 arg1 mats 63:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 modified cellulose nanofibrous mats 32:66 Egg source natural proteins LBL modified cellulose nanofibrous mats and their cellular compatibility. 30879676 6 43 theme nanofibrous 968:978 arg1 mats 980:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 7 44 theme coated 1092:1097 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 44 theme coated 1092:1097 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 2 45 theme novel 240:244 arg1 composite 260:268 a novel natural-based composite 238:268 a novel natural-based composite 238:268 Herein, a novel natural-based composite was fabricated by alternately depositing lysozyme (LY) and albumin egg (AE) on electrospun cellulose nanofibrous mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technology. 30879676 1 46 theme competitive 135:145 arg1 materials 161:169 competitive and promising materials 135:169 competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility 135:227 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 1 46 theme competitive 135:145 arg1 nanocomposites 116:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 6 47 theme structured 957:966 arg1 mats 980:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 7 48 theme LY 1082:1083 arg1 mats 1136:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats 1082:1139 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 7 48 theme LY 1082:1083 arg1 mats 1176:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 the 15 bilayers coated mats 1153:1179 In brief, LY and AE coated LBL structured cellulose nanofibrous mats, especially the 15 bilayers coated mats, have considerably potential applications in the biomedical field. 30879676 1 49 theme Natural-based 102:114 arg1 materials 161:169 competitive and promising materials 135:169 competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility 135:227 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 1 49 theme Natural-based 102:114 arg1 nanocomposites 116:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 1 50 theme promising 151:159 arg1 materials 161:169 competitive and promising materials 135:169 competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility 135:227 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 1 50 theme promising 151:159 arg1 nanocomposites 116:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites 102:129 Natural-based nanocomposites are competitive and promising materials for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. 30879676 5 51 theme mechanical 876:885 arg1 properties 887:896 the mechanical properties 872:896 the mechanical properties 872:896 Besides, the mechanical properties were enhanced after LBL modification. 30879676 5 52 theme LBL 918:920 arg1 modification 922:933 LBL modification 918:933 LBL modification 918:933 Besides, the mechanical properties were enhanced after LBL modification. 30879676 6 53 theme LBL 953:955 arg1 mats 980:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 the LBL structured nanofibrous mats 949:983 In addition, the LBL structured nanofibrous mats exhibited antibacterial activity and excellent biocompatibility with L929 fibroblasts. 30879676 3 54 theme thermal 634:640 arg1 stability 642:650 thermal stability 634:650 thermal stability 634:650 To indicate the successful deposition process and investigate the variations of the mats during LBL process, the surface morphology, physical property, chemical composition, wetting behavior and thermal stability were systematically studied. 30879676 4 55 theme surface 709:715 arg1 morphology 717:726 surface morphology 709:726 surface morphology 709:726 The results showed that the surface morphology and composition of the mats were significantly influenced by LBL process, which further resulted in the variation of wetting behavior. 30732801 7 0 theme 34 1063:1064 arg1 months 1066:1071 34 months 1063:1071 34 months of storage 1063:1082 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 1 1 theme chlorthalidone 127:140 arg1 SDs 119:121 SDs 119:121 SDs 119:121 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 1 1 theme chlorthalidone 127:140 arg1 dispersions 106:116 Solid dispersions 100:116 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) 100:146 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 1 1 theme chlorthalidone 127:140 arg1 systems 162:168 promising systems 152:168 promising systems 152:168 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 6 2 theme drug 859:862 arg1 loading 864:870 low drug loading 855:870 low drug loading 855:870 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 0 3 from role 4:7 arg1 state 51:55 the supersaturation state 31:55 the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 31:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 6 4 from loading 864:870 arg1 SLS 848:850 SLS 848:850 SLS at low drug loading 848:870 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 6 4 from loading 864:870 arg1 SA 841:842 SA 841:842 SA 841:842 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 5 5 theme crystalline 777:787 arg1 drug 789:792 the crystalline drug 773:792 the crystalline drug 773:792 At sink conditions, all SDs showed a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug. 30732801 4 6 used used 644:647 arg2 SA 637:638 SA 637:638 SA 637:638 In all SDs, except when SA was used alone at low drug loading, CTD was in the amorphous form. 30732801 6 7 theme low 855:857 arg1 loading 864:870 low drug loading 855:870 low drug loading 855:870 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 0 8 theme drug 79:82 arg1 chlorthalidone 84:97 the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 60:97 the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 60:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 3 9 theme SA 477:478 arg1 combination 462:472 the combination 458:472 the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 458:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 1 10 theme drug 226:229 arg1 levels 247:252 drug supersaturation levels 226:252 drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids 226:279 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 0 11 theme soluble 71:77 arg1 chlorthalidone 84:97 the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 60:97 the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 60:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 4 12 theme drug 662:665 arg1 loading 667:673 low drug loading 658:673 low drug loading 658:673 In all SDs, except when SA was used alone at low drug loading, CTD was in the amorphous form. 30732801 1 13 theme supersaturation 231:245 arg1 levels 247:252 drug supersaturation levels 226:252 drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids 226:279 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 2 14 theme CTD 303:305 arg1 SDs 296:298 SDs 296:298 SDs of CTD 296:305 In this work, SDs of CTD were prepared by spray drying using sodium alginate (SA) as carrier. 30732801 0 15 theme chlorthalidone 84:97 arg1 state 51:55 the supersaturation state 31:55 the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 31:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 2 16 theme sodium 343:348 arg1 SA 360:361 SA 360:361 SA 360:361 In this work, SDs of CTD were prepared by spray drying using sodium alginate (SA) as carrier. 30732801 2 16 theme sodium 343:348 arg1 alginate 350:357 sodium alginate 343:357 sodium alginate (SA) 343:362 In this work, SDs of CTD were prepared by spray drying using sodium alginate (SA) as carrier. 30732801 1 17 from levels 247:252 arg1 fluids 274:279 gastrointestinal fluids 257:279 gastrointestinal fluids 257:279 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 3 18 theme sodium 498:503 arg1 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 18 theme sodium 498:503 arg1 sulfate 512:518 sodium lauryl sulfate 498:518 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 498:524 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 18 theme sodium 498:503 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 7 19 from loading 1012:1018 arg1 SA 980:981 SA 980:981 SA alone 980:987 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 7 19 from loading 1012:1018 arg1 SA-SLS 992:997 SA-SLS 992:997 SA-SLS at high drug loading 992:1018 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 5 20 theme faster 744:749 arg1 rate 763:766 a faster dissolution rate 742:766 a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug 742:792 At sink conditions, all SDs showed a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug. 30732801 3 21 theme lauryl 505:510 arg1 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 21 theme lauryl 505:510 arg1 sulfate 512:518 sodium lauryl sulfate 498:518 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 498:524 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 21 theme lauryl 505:510 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 1 22 theme promising 152:160 arg1 dispersions 106:116 Solid dispersions 100:116 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) 100:146 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 1 22 theme promising 152:160 arg1 systems 162:168 promising systems 152:168 promising systems 152:168 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 0 23 theme sodium 12:17 arg1 alginate 19:26 sodium alginate 12:26 sodium alginate 12:26 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 4 24 theme low 658:660 arg1 loading 667:673 low drug loading 658:673 low drug loading 658:673 In all SDs, except when SA was used alone at low drug loading, CTD was in the amorphous form. 30732801 6 25 theme supersaturating 915:929 arg1 levels 936:941 supersaturating drug levels 915:941 supersaturating drug levels 915:941 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 5 26 theme sink 710:713 arg1 conditions 715:724 sink conditions 710:724 sink conditions 710:724 At sink conditions, all SDs showed a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug. 30732801 1 27 theme gastrointestinal 257:272 arg1 fluids 274:279 gastrointestinal fluids 257:279 gastrointestinal fluids 257:279 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 3 28 dep surfactants 485:495 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 28 dep surfactants 485:495 arg1 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 SLS 521:523 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 28 dep surfactants 485:495 arg1 sulfate 512:518 sodium lauryl sulfate 498:518 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 498:524 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 28 dep surfactants 485:495 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 28 dep surfactants 485:495 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 7 29 theme drug 1034:1037 arg1 recrystallization 1039:1055 no drug recrystallization 1031:1055 no drug recrystallization 1031:1055 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 5 30 theme dissolution 751:761 arg1 rate 763:766 a faster dissolution rate 742:766 a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug 742:792 At sink conditions, all SDs showed a faster dissolution rate than the crystalline drug. 30732801 0 31 theme alginate 19:26 arg1 role 4:7 The role 0:7 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 0:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 7 32 theme high 1002:1005 arg1 loading 1012:1018 high drug loading 1002:1018 high drug loading 1002:1018 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 3 33 theme glycol 582:587 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 33 theme glycol 582:587 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 33 theme glycol 582:587 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 7 34 theme drug 1007:1010 arg1 loading 1012:1018 high drug loading 1002:1018 high drug loading 1002:1018 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 1 35 theme drug 181:184 arg1 rate 198:201 drug dissolution rate 181:201 drug dissolution rate 181:201 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 0 36 theme supersaturation 35:49 arg1 state 51:55 the supersaturation state 31:55 the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone 31:97 The role of sodium alginate on the supersaturation state of the poorly soluble drug chlorthalidone. 30732801 3 37 theme graft 589:593 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 37 theme graft 589:593 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 37 theme graft 589:593 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 1 38 theme Solid 100:104 arg1 SDs 119:121 SDs 119:121 SDs 119:121 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 1 38 theme Solid 100:104 arg1 dispersions 106:116 Solid dispersions 100:116 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) 100:146 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 1 38 theme Solid 100:104 arg1 systems 162:168 promising systems 152:168 promising systems 152:168 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 6 39 theme drug 931:934 arg1 levels 936:941 supersaturating drug levels 915:941 supersaturating drug levels 915:941 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 3 40 theme caprolactam-polyvinyl 539:559 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 40 theme caprolactam-polyvinyl 539:559 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 40 theme caprolactam-polyvinyl 539:559 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 4 41 from form 701:704 arg1 SDs 620:622 all SDs 616:622 all SDs 616:622 In all SDs, except when SA was used alone at low drug loading, CTD was in the amorphous form. 30732801 1 42 theme dissolution 186:196 arg1 rate 198:201 drug dissolution rate 181:201 drug dissolution rate 181:201 Solid dispersions (SDs) of chlorthalidone (CTD) are promising systems to enhance drug dissolution rate, generate and maintain drug supersaturation levels in gastrointestinal fluids. 30732801 3 43 theme acetate-polyethylene 561:580 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 43 theme acetate-polyethylene 561:580 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 43 theme acetate-polyethylene 561:580 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 44 theme drug 420:423 arg1 loading 425:431 the drug loading 416:431 the drug loading 416:431 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 4 45 theme amorphous 691:699 arg1 form 701:704 the amorphous form 687:704 the amorphous form 687:704 In all SDs, except when SA was used alone at low drug loading, CTD was in the amorphous form. 30732801 2 46 theme spray 324:328 arg1 drying 330:335 spray drying 324:335 spray drying using sodium alginate (SA) as carrier 324:373 In this work, SDs of CTD were prepared by spray drying using sodium alginate (SA) as carrier. 30732801 7 47 theme storage 1076:1082 arg1 months 1066:1071 34 months 1063:1071 34 months of storage 1063:1082 All SDs, except those prepared with SA alone or SA-SLS at high drug loading, presented no drug recrystallization after 34 months of storage. 30732801 3 48 with SA 477:478 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 48 with SA 477:478 arg1 sulfate 512:518 sodium lauryl sulfate 498:518 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 498:524 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 48 with SA 477:478 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 6 49 theme non-sink 798:805 arg1 conditions 807:816 non-sink conditions 798:816 non-sink conditions 798:816 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 30732801 3 50 theme polyvinyl 529:537 arg1 copolymer 595:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer 529:603 polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL) 529:609 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 50 theme polyvinyl 529:537 arg1 surfactants 485:495 surfactants 485:495 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)) 485:610 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 3 50 theme polyvinyl 529:537 arg1 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 SOL 606:608 Six formulations were prepared, varying the drug loading and composition, through the combination of SA with surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (SOL)). 30732801 6 51 theme best 886:889 arg1 performance 891:901 the best performance 882:901 the best performance 882:901 At non-sink conditions, the SDs prepared with SA and SLS at low drug loading exhibited the best performance to maintain supersaturating drug levels. 31803935 6 0 theme content 816:822 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 0 theme content 816:822 arg1 CCI 831:833 CCI 831:833 CCI 831:833 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 0 theme content 816:822 arg1 index 824:828 chlorophyll content index 804:828 chlorophyll content index (CCI) 804:834 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 11 1 theme starch 1259:1264 arg1 content 1266:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 9 2 contain had 1083:1085 arg2 CaOx 1097:1100 decreased CaOx 1087:1100 decreased CaOx 1087:1100 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 9 2 contain had 1083:1085 arg1 Accessions 1031:1040 Accessions 1031:1040 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought 1031:1081 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 7 3 dep RESULTS 908:914 arg1 S-Ox 920:923 S-Ox 920:923 S-Ox 920:923 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 7 3 dep RESULTS 908:914 arg1 content 934:940 CaOx content 929:940 CaOx content 929:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 7 3 dep RESULTS 908:914 arg1 RESULTS 908:914 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content 908:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content 908:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 9 4 theme favorable 1052:1060 arg1 responses 1062:1070 more favorable responses 1047:1070 more favorable responses to drought 1047:1081 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 11 5 theme further 1279:1285 arg1 hydrolysis 1308:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 index 824:828 chlorophyll content index 804:828 chlorophyll content index (CCI) 804:834 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 starch 845:850 soluble starch 837:850 soluble starch 837:850 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 solubility 887:896 starch solubility 880:896 starch solubility 880:896 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 6 theme total 735:739 arg1 power 869:873 starch swelling power 853:873 starch swelling power 853:873 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 1 7 theme water 134:138 arg1 stress 140:145 water stress 134:145 water stress 134:145 under water stress. 31803935 13 8 theme starch 1600:1605 arg1 hydrolysis 1607:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 They also had decreased protein and CCI, with a slight increase in tuber starch hydrolysis. 31803935 5 9 theme potato 584:589 arg1 accessions 591:600 Eight sweet potato accessions 572:600 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau 572:645 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31803935 6 10 theme soluble 837:843 arg1 starch 845:850 soluble starch 837:850 soluble starch 837:850 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 10 theme soluble 837:843 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 11 11 contain had 1236:1238 arg1 accessions 1220:1229 These accessions 1214:1229 These accessions 1214:1229 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 11 11 contain had 1236:1238 arg2 content 1266:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 11 12 theme increased 1243:1251 arg1 content 1266:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 7 13 theme CaOx 929:932 arg1 content 934:940 CaOx content 929:940 CaOx content 929:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 7 13 theme CaOx 929:932 arg1 RESULTS 908:914 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content 908:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content 908:940 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 9 14 theme S-Ox 1107:1110 arg1 content 1121:1127 S-Ox increase content 1107:1127 S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation 1107:1146 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 2 15 theme oxalate 193:199 arg1 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 15 theme oxalate 193:199 arg1 crystals 207:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals 175:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) 175:221 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 16 theme insoluble 175:183 arg1 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 16 theme insoluble 175:183 arg1 crystals 207:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals 175:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) 175:221 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 12 17 theme higher 1454:1459 arg1 T-Ox 1461:1464 a higher T-Ox 1452:1464 a higher T-Ox 1452:1464 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 12 18 theme favorable 1418:1426 arg1 response 1428:1435 a less favorable response 1411:1435 a less favorable response to drought 1411:1446 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 0 19 from shoots 77:82 arg1 tubers 66:71 root tubers 61:71 root tubers 61:71 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 19 from shoots 77:82 arg1 composition 19:29 oxalate composition 11:29 oxalate composition 11:29 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 19 from shoots 77:82 arg1 traits 51:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 13 20 from increase 1582:1589 arg1 hydrolysis 1607:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 They also had decreased protein and CCI, with a slight increase in tuber starch hydrolysis. 31803935 2 21 theme crystals 207:214 arg1 presence 163:170 The presence 159:170 The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 159:255 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 6 22 theme starch 880:885 arg1 solubility 887:896 starch solubility 880:896 starch solubility 880:896 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 22 theme starch 880:885 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 0 23 from Changes 0:6 arg1 tubers 66:71 root tubers 61:71 root tubers 61:71 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 23 from Changes 0:6 arg1 composition 19:29 oxalate composition 11:29 oxalate composition 11:29 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 23 from Changes 0:6 arg1 traits 51:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 15 24 theme response 1809:1816 arg1 screening 1772:1780 the screening 1768:1780 the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought 1768:1827 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 11 25 theme starch 1386:1391 arg1 grain 1393:1397 the tuber starch grain 1376:1397 the tuber starch grain 1376:1397 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 6 26 theme swelling 860:867 arg1 power 869:873 starch swelling power 853:873 starch swelling power 853:873 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 26 theme swelling 860:867 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 11 27 theme storage 1293:1299 arg1 hydrolysis 1308:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 15 28 theme potato 1795:1800 arg1 response 1809:1816 the sweet potato stress response 1785:1816 the sweet potato stress response to drought 1785:1827 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 0 29 theme sweet 87:91 arg1 potato 93:98 sweet potato 87:98 sweet potato 87:98 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 30 dep shoots 77:82 arg1 Ipomoea 101:107 Ipomoea 101:107 Ipomoea 101:107 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 4 31 theme main 430:433 arg1 objective 435:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 4 31 theme main 430:433 arg1 quantitation 461:472 the oxalate quantitation 449:472 the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots 449:506 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 3 32 theme oxalate 368:374 arg1 synthesis 376:384 oxalate synthesis 368:384 oxalate synthesis 368:384 Photosynthesis, starch, and protein composition are linked with oxalate synthesis and tuber quality under water scarcity. 31803935 14 33 theme carbohydrate 1675:1686 arg1 metabolism 1688:1697 carbohydrate metabolism 1675:1697 carbohydrate metabolism 1675:1697 CONCLUSION Oxalate content was significantly related to carbohydrate metabolism, CCI, and protein synthesis. 31803935 6 34 dep soluble 749:755 arg1 S-Ox 758:761 S-Ox 758:761 S-Ox 758:761 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 3 35 theme water 410:414 arg1 scarcity 416:423 water scarcity 410:423 water scarcity 410:423 Photosynthesis, starch, and protein composition are linked with oxalate synthesis and tuber quality under water scarcity. 31803935 0 36 theme oxalate 11:17 arg1 composition 19:29 oxalate composition 11:29 oxalate composition 11:29 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 10 37 theme decreased 1178:1186 arg1 contents 1204:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 They also presented slightly decreased CCI and protein contents. 31803935 5 38 from Madeira 607:613 arg1 accessions 591:600 Eight sweet potato accessions 572:600 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau 572:645 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 index 824:828 chlorophyll content index 804:828 chlorophyll content index (CCI) 804:834 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 starch 845:850 soluble starch 837:850 soluble starch 837:850 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 solubility 887:896 starch solubility 880:896 starch solubility 880:896 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 39 theme insoluble 768:776 arg1 power 869:873 starch swelling power 853:873 starch swelling power 853:873 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 7 40 dep S-Ox 920:923 arg1 The 916:918 The 916:918 The 916:918 RESULTS The S-Ox and CaOx content was higher in shoots. 31803935 4 41 theme sweet 477:481 arg1 tubers 490:495 sweet potato tubers 477:495 sweet potato tubers 477:495 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 2 42 theme nutritional 283:293 arg1 quality 295:301 its nutritional quality 279:301 its nutritional quality 279:301 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 0 43 theme nutritive 41:49 arg1 traits 51:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 14 44 theme Oxalate 1630:1636 arg1 content 1638:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content 1619:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content 1619:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content was significantly related to carbohydrate metabolism, CCI, and protein synthesis. 31803935 4 45 theme potato 483:488 arg1 tubers 490:495 sweet potato tubers 477:495 sweet potato tubers 477:495 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 16 46 theme Chemical 1913:1920 arg1 Industry 1922:1929 Chemical Industry 1913:1929 Chemical Industry 1913:1929 © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry. 31803935 2 47 dep BACKGROUND 148:157 arg1 affect 272:277 affect 272:277 can negatively affect its nutritional quality 257:301 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 8 48 theme maximum 990:996 arg1 levels 1003:1008 maximum CaOx levels 990:1008 maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption 990:1028 Six accessions were above maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption. 31803935 4 49 theme nutritional 553:563 arg1 value 565:569 their nutritional value 547:569 their nutritional value 547:569 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 11 50 theme shoot 1253:1257 arg1 content 1266:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 an increased shoot starch content 1240:1272 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 6 51 theme chlorophyll 804:814 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 51 theme chlorophyll 804:814 arg1 CCI 831:833 CCI 831:833 CCI 831:833 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 51 theme chlorophyll 804:814 arg1 index 824:828 chlorophyll content index 804:828 chlorophyll content index (CCI) 804:834 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 11 52 theme tuber 1287:1291 arg1 hydrolysis 1308:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 8 53 theme raw 1014:1016 arg1 consumption 1018:1028 raw consumption 1014:1028 raw consumption 1014:1028 Six accessions were above maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption. 31803935 2 54 theme sweet 226:230 arg1 potato 232:237 sweet potato 226:237 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 226:255 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 55 from presence 163:170 arg1 potato 232:237 sweet potato 226:237 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 226:255 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 6 56 dep total 735:739 arg1 T-Ox 742:745 T-Ox 742:745 T-Ox 742:745 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 13 57 theme tuber 1594:1598 arg1 hydrolysis 1607:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 tuber starch hydrolysis 1594:1616 They also had decreased protein and CCI, with a slight increase in tuber starch hydrolysis. 31803935 5 58 theme sweet 578:582 arg1 accessions 591:600 Eight sweet potato accessions 572:600 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau 572:645 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31803935 12 59 theme CaOx 1470:1473 arg1 content 1475:1481 CaOx content 1470:1481 CaOx content 1470:1481 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 6 60 theme starch 853:858 arg1 power 869:873 starch swelling power 853:873 starch swelling power 853:873 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 60 theme starch 853:858 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 9 61 theme decreased 1087:1095 arg1 CaOx 1097:1100 decreased CaOx 1087:1100 decreased CaOx 1087:1100 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 2 62 theme druse 201:205 arg1 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 62 theme druse 201:205 arg1 crystals 207:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals 175:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) 175:221 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 9 63 theme increase 1112:1119 arg1 content 1121:1127 S-Ox increase content 1107:1127 S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation 1107:1146 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 2 64 theme calcium 185:191 arg1 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 64 theme calcium 185:191 arg1 crystals 207:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals 175:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) 175:221 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 4 65 theme oxalate 453:459 arg1 objective 435:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 4 65 theme oxalate 453:459 arg1 quantitation 461:472 the oxalate quantitation 449:472 the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots 449:506 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 14 66 theme protein 1709:1715 arg1 synthesis 1717:1725 protein synthesis 1709:1725 protein synthesis 1709:1725 CONCLUSION Oxalate content was significantly related to carbohydrate metabolism, CCI, and protein synthesis. 31803935 11 67 theme functional 1351:1360 arg1 properties 1362:1371 functional properties 1351:1371 functional properties 1351:1371 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 0 68 theme root 61:64 arg1 tubers 66:71 root tubers 61:71 root tubers 61:71 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 11 69 dep quality 1339:1345 arg1 the 1335:1337 the 1335:1337 the 1335:1337 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 11 70 theme grain 1393:1397 arg1 quality 1339:1345 quality 1339:1345 quality 1339:1345 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 11 70 theme grain 1393:1397 arg1 properties 1362:1371 functional properties 1351:1371 functional properties 1351:1371 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 0 71 dep Ipomoea 101:107 arg1 L. 117:118 Ipomoea batatas L. 101:118 Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam. 101:124 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 71 dep Ipomoea 101:107 arg1 [Lam 120:123 [Lam 120:123 Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam. 101:124 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 2 72 dep potato 232:237 arg1 batatas 248:254 Ipomoea batatas 240:254 Ipomoea batatas 240:254 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 11 73 theme tuber 1380:1384 arg1 grain 1393:1397 the tuber starch grain 1376:1397 the tuber starch grain 1376:1397 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 0 74 theme potato 93:98 arg1 Changes 0:6 Changes 0:6 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers 0:71 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 0 74 theme potato 93:98 arg1 shoots 77:82 shoots 77:82 shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 77:126 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 12 75 theme water 1509:1513 arg1 absorption 1515:1524 water absorption 1509:1524 water absorption 1509:1524 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 2 76 attach presence 163:170 arg1 potato 232:237 sweet potato 226:237 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 226:255 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 76 attach presence 163:170 arg2 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 CaOx 217:220 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 2 76 attach presence 163:170 arg2 crystals 207:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals 175:214 insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) 175:221 BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. 31803935 15 77 theme stress 1802:1807 arg1 response 1809:1816 the sweet potato stress response 1785:1816 the sweet potato stress response to drought 1785:1827 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 9 78 with Accessions 1031:1040 arg1 responses 1062:1070 more favorable responses 1047:1070 more favorable responses to drought 1047:1081 Accessions with more favorable responses to drought had decreased CaOx with S-Ox increase content for osmoregulation. 31803935 11 79 theme starch 1301:1306 arg1 hydrolysis 1308:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 further tuber storage starch hydrolysis 1279:1317 These accessions also had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. 31803935 5 80 theme drought 683:689 arg1 stress 691:696 drought stress 683:696 drought stress 683:696 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31803935 3 81 theme protein 332:338 arg1 composition 340:350 protein composition 332:350 protein composition 332:350 Photosynthesis, starch, and protein composition are linked with oxalate synthesis and tuber quality under water scarcity. 31803935 4 82 theme shoots 501:506 arg1 objective 435:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 4 82 theme shoots 501:506 arg1 quantitation 461:472 the oxalate quantitation 449:472 the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots 449:506 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 15 83 theme sweet 1789:1793 arg1 response 1809:1816 the sweet potato stress response 1785:1816 the sweet potato stress response to drought 1785:1827 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 10 84 theme protein 1196:1202 arg1 contents 1204:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 They also presented slightly decreased CCI and protein contents. 31803935 15 85 theme breeding 1876:1883 arg1 programs 1885:1892 breeding programs 1876:1892 breeding programs 1876:1892 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 10 86 theme CCI 1188:1190 arg1 contents 1204:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 slightly decreased CCI and protein contents 1169:1211 They also presented slightly decreased CCI and protein contents. 31803935 0 87 theme other 35:39 arg1 traits 51:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 other nutritive traits 35:56 Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. [Lam.]) 31803935 6 88 dep insoluble 768:776 arg1 CaOx 779:782 CaOx 779:782 CaOx 779:782 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 13 89 theme slight 1575:1580 arg1 increase 1582:1589 a slight increase 1573:1589 a slight increase in tuber starch hydrolysis 1573:1616 They also had decreased protein and CCI, with a slight increase in tuber starch hydrolysis. 31803935 4 90 theme tubers 490:495 arg1 objective 435:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective 426:443 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 4 90 theme tubers 490:495 arg1 quantitation 461:472 the oxalate quantitation 449:472 the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots 449:506 Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. 31803935 12 91 contain had 1448:1450 arg1 Those 1400:1404 Those 1400:1404 Those 1400:1404 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 12 91 contain had 1448:1450 arg2 content 1475:1481 CaOx content 1470:1481 CaOx content 1470:1481 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 12 91 contain had 1448:1450 arg2 T-Ox 1461:1464 a higher T-Ox 1452:1464 a higher T-Ox 1452:1464 Those with a less favorable response to drought had a higher T-Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. 31803935 14 92 theme CONCLUSION 1619:1628 arg1 content 1638:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content 1619:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content 1619:1644 CONCLUSION Oxalate content was significantly related to carbohydrate metabolism, CCI, and protein synthesis. 31803935 15 93 theme climatic 1852:1859 arg1 change 1861:1866 climatic change 1852:1866 climatic change through breeding programs 1852:1892 This study significantly contributed to the screening of the sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. 31803935 5 94 from Guinea-Bissau 633:645 arg1 accessions 591:600 Eight sweet potato accessions 572:600 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau 572:645 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31803935 8 95 theme CaOx 998:1001 arg1 levels 1003:1008 maximum CaOx levels 990:1008 maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption 990:1028 Six accessions were above maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 index 824:828 chlorophyll content index 804:828 chlorophyll content index (CCI) 804:834 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 starch 845:850 soluble starch 837:850 soluble starch 837:850 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 oxalates 785:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates 735:792 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 solubility 887:896 starch solubility 880:896 starch solubility 880:896 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 protein 795:801 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 6 96 theme soluble 749:755 arg1 power 869:873 starch swelling power 853:873 starch swelling power 853:873 Tubers and shoots were analyzed for total (T-Ox), soluble (S-Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power, and starch solubility in water. 31803935 3 97 theme tuber 390:394 arg1 quality 396:402 tuber quality 390:402 tuber quality 390:402 Photosynthesis, starch, and protein composition are linked with oxalate synthesis and tuber quality under water scarcity. 31803935 5 98 from Canaries 620:627 arg1 accessions 591:600 Eight sweet potato accessions 572:600 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau 572:645 Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, the Canaries and Guinea-Bissau were analyzed for their response to drought stress. 31419557 0 0 theme abyssinica 86:95 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 4 1 theme greater 573:579 arg1 width 535:539 The mean granule width 518:539 The mean granule width of potato starch 518:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 1 theme greater 573:579 arg1 times 567:571 four times 562:571 four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch 562:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 1 2 theme pasting 240:246 arg1 properties 248:257 pasting properties 240:257 pasting properties 240:257 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 3 theme Coccinia 77:84 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 4 4 theme granule 527:533 arg1 width 535:539 The mean granule width 518:539 The mean granule width of potato starch 518:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 4 theme granule 527:533 arg1 times 567:571 four times 562:571 four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch 562:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 5 dep times 609:613 arg1 greater 615:621 greater 615:621 greater 615:621 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 7 6 theme starch 971:976 arg1 onset 920:924 onset 920:924 onset 920:924 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 7 6 theme starch 971:976 arg1 temperature 948:958 conclusion temperature 937:958 conclusion temperature 937:958 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 7 6 theme starch 971:976 arg1 peak 927:930 peak 927:930 peak 927:930 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 6 7 theme anchote 879:885 arg1 temperature 864:874 the gelatinization temperature 845:874 the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches 845:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 0 8 theme starch 98:103 arg1 properties 30:39 physicochemical properties 14:39 physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 14:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 9 theme wheat 340:344 arg1 starches 346:353 commercial potato and wheat starches 318:353 starches 346:353 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 5 10 theme x-ray 654:658 arg1 diffraction 667:677 x-ray powder diffraction 654:677 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis 650:686 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 7 11 dep onset 920:924 arg1 The 916:918 The 916:918 The 916:918 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 5 12 theme crystallinity 730:742 arg1 pattern 744:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 5 13 theme powder 660:665 arg1 diffraction 667:677 x-ray powder diffraction 654:677 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis 650:686 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 6 14 theme significant 813:823 arg1 differences 825:835 the significant differences 809:835 the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches 809:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 1 15 theme Anchote 262:268 arg1 starch 292:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 6 16 theme starches 906:913 arg1 temperature 864:874 the gelatinization temperature 845:874 the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches 845:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 8 17 theme potato 1062:1067 arg1 starches 1079:1086 potato and wheat starches 1062:1086 starches 1079:1086 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 7 18 theme anchote 963:969 arg1 starch 971:976 anchote starch 963:976 anchote starch 963:976 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 2 19 theme lower 378:382 arg1 content 397:403 lower total starch content 378:403 lower total starch content 378:403 Anchote starch showed lower total starch content than that of potato starch. 31419557 2 20 theme starch 390:395 arg1 content 397:403 lower total starch content 378:403 lower total starch content 378:403 Anchote starch showed lower total starch content than that of potato starch. 31419557 6 21 theme potato 899:904 arg1 starches 906:913 potato starches 899:913 potato starches 899:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 4 22 theme anchote 586:592 arg1 starch 594:599 anchote starch 586:599 anchote starch 586:599 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 7 23 theme conclusion 937:946 arg1 temperature 948:958 conclusion temperature 937:958 conclusion temperature 937:958 The onset, peak, and conclusion temperature of anchote starch were 66.58°C, 70.18°C, and 73.98°C, respectively. 31419557 9 24 theme attractive 1250:1259 arg1 candidate 1261:1269 an attractive candidate 1247:1269 an attractive candidate for industrial use 1247:1288 These properties of anchote starch make it an attractive candidate for industrial use. 31419557 2 25 theme total 384:388 arg1 content 397:403 lower total starch content 378:403 lower total starch content 378:403 Anchote starch showed lower total starch content than that of potato starch. 31419557 8 26 theme gelatinization 1032:1045 arg1 56.53°C 1093:1099 56.53°C 1093:1099 56.53°C 1093:1099 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 8 26 theme gelatinization 1032:1045 arg1 temperature 1047:1057 The gelatinization temperature 1028:1057 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches 1028:1086 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 9 27 theme industrial 1275:1284 arg1 use 1286:1288 industrial use 1275:1288 industrial use 1275:1288 These properties of anchote starch make it an attractive candidate for industrial use. 31419557 1 28 theme chemical 178:185 arg1 composition 187:197 the chemical composition 174:197 the chemical composition 174:197 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 9 29 theme anchote 1224:1230 arg1 starch 1232:1237 anchote starch 1224:1237 anchote starch 1224:1237 These properties of anchote starch make it an attractive candidate for industrial use. 31419557 0 30 theme properties 30:39 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 0:158 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 31 theme Coccinia 271:278 arg1 starch 292:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 32 theme potato 133:138 arg1 starches 150:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 2 33 theme potato 418:423 arg1 starch 425:430 potato starch 418:430 potato starch 418:430 Anchote starch showed lower total starch content than that of potato starch. 31419557 1 34 theme abyssinica 280:289 arg1 starch 292:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 262:297 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 35 theme available 123:131 arg1 starches 150:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 36 theme indigenous 44:53 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 37 theme wheat 144:148 arg1 starches 150:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 6 38 theme wheat 888:892 arg1 temperature 864:874 the gelatinization temperature 845:874 the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches 845:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 8 39 theme starches 1079:1086 arg1 56.53°C 1093:1099 56.53°C 1093:1099 56.53°C 1093:1099 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 8 39 theme starches 1079:1086 arg1 temperature 1047:1057 The gelatinization temperature 1028:1057 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches 1028:1086 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 3 40 theme morphological 439:451 arg1 properties 453:462 Their morphological properties 433:462 Their morphological properties 433:462 Their morphological properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. 31419557 1 41 theme starch 292:297 arg1 morphology 200:209 morphology 200:209 morphology 200:209 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 41 theme starch 292:297 arg1 composition 187:197 the chemical composition 174:197 the chemical composition 174:197 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 41 theme starch 292:297 arg1 properties 248:257 pasting properties 240:257 pasting properties 240:257 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 41 theme starch 292:297 arg1 crystallinity 212:224 crystallinity 212:224 crystallinity 212:224 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 9 42 theme starch 1232:1237 arg1 properties 1210:1219 These properties 1204:1219 These properties of anchote starch 1204:1237 These properties of anchote starch make it an attractive candidate for industrial use. 31419557 4 43 theme wheat 636:640 arg1 starch 642:647 wheat starch 636:647 wheat starch 636:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 0 44 theme tuber 65:69 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 5 45 theme B-type 723:728 arg1 pattern 744:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 5 46 theme diffraction 667:677 arg1 analysis 679:686 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis 650:686 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis 650:686 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 5 47 contain had 717:719 arg1 starch 710:715 anchote starch 702:715 anchote starch 702:715 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 5 47 contain had 717:719 arg2 pattern 744:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 a B-type crystallinity pattern 721:750 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 6 48 theme calorimetric 775:786 arg1 results 794:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 6 48 theme calorimetric 775:786 arg1 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 3 49 theme electron 497:504 arg1 microscopy 506:515 scanning electron microscopy 488:515 scanning electron microscopy 488:515 Their morphological properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. 31419557 0 50 theme Ethiopian 55:63 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 4 51 theme starch 551:556 arg1 width 535:539 The mean granule width 518:539 The mean granule width of potato starch 518:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 51 theme starch 551:556 arg1 times 567:571 four times 562:571 four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch 562:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 5 52 theme anchote 702:708 arg1 starch 710:715 anchote starch 702:715 anchote starch 702:715 The x-ray powder diffraction analysis revealed that anchote starch had a B-type crystallinity pattern. 31419557 6 53 theme scanning 766:773 arg1 results 794:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 6 53 theme scanning 766:773 arg1 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 8 54 theme wheat 1073:1077 arg1 starches 1079:1086 potato and wheat starches 1062:1086 starches 1079:1086 The gelatinization temperature of potato and wheat starches were 56.53°C and 55.56°C for onset, 61.46°C and 61.14°C for peak, 68.47°C and 67.06°C for conclusion, respectively. 31419557 4 55 theme potato 544:549 arg1 starch 551:556 potato starch 544:556 potato starch 544:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 0 56 with Comparison 0:9 arg1 starches 150:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 commercially available potato and wheat starches 110:157 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 4 57 theme times 609:613 arg1 width 535:539 The mean granule width 518:539 The mean granule width of potato starch 518:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 57 theme times 609:613 arg1 times 567:571 four times 562:571 four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch 562:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 6 58 theme Differential 753:764 arg1 results 794:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results 753:800 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 6 58 theme Differential 753:764 arg1 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 DSC 789:791 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 4 59 theme mean 522:525 arg1 width 535:539 The mean granule width 518:539 The mean granule width of potato starch 518:556 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 4 59 theme mean 522:525 arg1 times 567:571 four times 562:571 four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch 562:647 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 3 60 theme scanning 488:495 arg1 microscopy 506:515 scanning electron microscopy 488:515 scanning electron microscopy 488:515 Their morphological properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. 31419557 4 61 theme two 605:607 arg1 times 609:613 times 609:613 times 609:613 The mean granule width of potato starch was four times greater than anchote starch and two times greater than that of wheat starch. 31419557 6 62 theme gelatinization 849:862 arg1 temperature 864:874 the gelatinization temperature 845:874 the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches 845:913 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed the significant differences between the gelatinization temperature of anchote, wheat, and potato starches. 31419557 0 63 theme crop 71:74 arg1 starch 98:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 44:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 1 64 theme commercial 318:327 arg1 potato 329:334 commercial potato and wheat starches 318:353 potato 329:334 In this study the chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, thermal, and pasting properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) starch were compared with commercial potato and wheat starches. 31419557 0 65 theme physicochemical 14:28 arg1 properties 30:39 physicochemical properties 14:39 physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch 14:103 Comparison of physicochemical properties of indigenous Ethiopian tuber crop (Coccinia abyssinica) starch with commercially available potato and wheat starches. 31419557 2 66 theme Anchote 356:362 arg1 starch 364:369 Anchote starch 356:369 Anchote starch 356:369 Anchote starch showed lower total starch content than that of potato starch. 31409852 4 0 theme pre-pregnancy 592:604 arg1 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 0 theme pre-pregnancy 592:604 arg1 index 616:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index 583:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) 583:628 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 1 theme mass 611:614 arg1 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 1 theme mass 611:614 arg1 index 616:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index 583:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) 583:628 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 10 2 theme lactation 1604:1612 arg1 Time 1596:1599 Time 1596:1599 Time of lactation and milk groups 1596:1628 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 9 3 theme European 1453:1460 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 3 theme European 1453:1460 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 1 4 theme milk 161:164 arg1 composition 188:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 6 5 theme group 984:988 arg1 dependencies 990:1001 milk group dependencies 979:1001 milk group dependencies 979:1001 We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. 31409852 10 6 theme milk 1618:1621 arg1 Time 1596:1599 Time 1596:1599 Time of lactation and milk groups 1596:1628 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 2 7 theme Interindividual 282:296 arg1 variation 298:306 Interindividual variation 282:306 Interindividual variation 282:306 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 4 8 theme delivery 639:646 arg1 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 8 theme delivery 639:646 arg1 parity 652:657 parity 652:657 parity 652:657 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 8 theme delivery 639:646 arg1 mode 631:634 mode 631:634 mode of delivery 631:646 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 8 theme delivery 639:646 arg1 index 616:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index 583:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) 583:628 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 7 9 theme maternal 1092:1099 arg1 mode 1108:1111 mode 1108:1111 mode of delivery and parity 1108:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 7 9 theme maternal 1092:1099 arg1 ppBMI 1101:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 5 10 theme HMO 807:809 arg1 composion 811:819 HMO composion 807:819 HMO composion 807:819 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 7 11 theme significant 1037:1047 arg1 differences 1049:1059 relatively small but significant differences 1016:1059 relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity 1016:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 5 12 theme linear 840:845 arg1 models 847:852 mixed linear models 834:852 mixed linear models 834:852 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 6 13 theme temporal 953:960 arg1 trajectories 962:973 HMO-specific temporal trajectories 940:973 HMO-specific temporal trajectories 940:973 We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. 31409852 8 14 theme parity 1297:1302 arg1 ppBMI 1268:1272 ppBMI 1268:1272 ppBMI 1268:1272 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 8 14 theme parity 1297:1302 arg1 mode 1275:1278 mode 1275:1278 mode 1275:1278 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 10 15 theme biggest 1638:1644 arg1 impact 1646:1651 the biggest impact 1634:1651 the biggest impact on HMO variation 1634:1668 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 0 16 theme healthy 129:135 arg1 mothers 146:152 healthy European mothers 129:152 healthy European mothers 129:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 7 17 theme small 1027:1031 arg1 differences 1049:1059 relatively small but significant differences 1016:1059 relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity 1016:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 9 18 theme milk 1509:1512 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 18 theme milk 1509:1512 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 7 19 theme HMO 1064:1066 arg1 concentrations 1068:1081 HMO concentrations 1064:1081 HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity 1064:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 4 20 theme milk 670:673 arg1 composition 679:689 milk HMO composition 670:689 milk HMO composition 670:689 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 11 21 theme breastfed 1773:1781 arg1 infant 1783:1788 the breastfed infant 1769:1788 the breastfed infant 1769:1788 Future studies need to elucidate these observations and assess the physiological significance for the breastfed infant. 31409852 9 22 theme HMO 1541:1543 arg1 concentrations 1545:1558 HMO concentrations 1541:1558 HMO concentrations 1541:1558 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 0 23 theme mothers 146:152 arg1 cohort 119:124 a cohort 117:124 a cohort of healthy European mothers 117:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 0 24 from Impact 0:5 arg1 composition 65:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition 38:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 38:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 9 25 theme maternal 1570:1577 arg1 characteristics 1579:1593 basic maternal characteristics 1564:1593 basic maternal characteristics 1564:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 4 26 theme HMOs 557:560 arg1 trajectories 532:543 the trajectories 528:543 the trajectories of 20 major HMOs 528:560 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 8 27 theme lactation 1403:1411 arg1 period 1393:1398 the initital period 1380:1398 the initital period of lactation 1380:1411 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 3 28 theme physiological 458:470 arg1 status 472:477 maternal physiological status 449:477 maternal physiological status 449:477 Little is known regarding whether maternal physiological status contributes to HMO variability. 31409852 0 29 theme maternal 10:17 arg1 characteristics 19:33 maternal characteristics 10:33 maternal characteristics 10:33 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 1 30 theme period 274:279 arg1 course 254:259 the course 250:259 the course of lactation period 250:279 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 9 31 dep longitudinal 1479:1490 arg1 months 1501:1506 up to 4 months 1493:1506 up to 4 months 1493:1506 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 2 32 theme milk 402:405 arg1 groups 407:412 4 distinct milk groups 391:412 4 distinct milk groups 391:412 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 9 33 theme standardized 1462:1473 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 33 theme standardized 1462:1473 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 5 34 theme European 770:777 arg1 countries 779:787 7 European countries 768:787 7 European countries 768:787 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 3 35 theme HMO 494:496 arg1 variability 498:508 HMO variability 494:508 HMO variability 494:508 Little is known regarding whether maternal physiological status contributes to HMO variability. 31409852 0 36 theme milk 44:47 arg1 composition 65:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition 38:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 38:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 9 37 dep 4 1499:1499 arg1 to 1496:1497 to 1496:1497 to 1496:1497 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 5 38 theme maternal 881:888 arg1 characteristics 890:904 maternal characteristics 881:904 maternal characteristics 881:904 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 3 39 theme maternal 449:456 arg1 status 472:477 maternal physiological status 449:477 maternal physiological status 449:477 Little is known regarding whether maternal physiological status contributes to HMO variability. 31409852 9 40 theme observational 1418:1430 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 40 theme observational 1418:1430 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 8 41 theme HMO 1163:1165 arg1 composition 1167:1177 HMO composition 1163:1177 HMO composition 1163:1177 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 4 42 theme maternal 583:590 arg1 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 42 theme maternal 583:590 arg1 index 616:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index 583:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) 583:628 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 7 43 theme parity 1129:1134 arg1 mode 1108:1111 mode 1108:1111 mode of delivery and parity 1108:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 7 43 theme parity 1129:1134 arg1 ppBMI 1101:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 9 44 theme largest 1445:1451 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 44 theme largest 1445:1451 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 10 45 from impact 1646:1651 arg1 variation 1660:1668 HMO variation 1656:1668 HMO variation 1656:1668 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 4 46 theme body 606:609 arg1 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 ppBMI 623:627 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 4 46 theme body 606:609 arg1 index 616:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index 583:620 maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) 583:628 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 7 47 theme delivery 1116:1123 arg1 mode 1108:1111 mode 1108:1111 mode of delivery and parity 1108:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 7 47 theme delivery 1116:1123 arg1 ppBMI 1101:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 maternal ppBMI 1092:1105 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 1 48 theme oligosaccharide 166:180 arg1 composition 188:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 1 49 theme Human 155:159 arg1 composition 188:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 9 50 theme longitudinal 1479:1490 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 50 theme longitudinal 1479:1490 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 1 51 theme HMO 183:185 arg1 composition 188:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition 155:198 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 6 52 theme milk 979:982 arg1 dependencies 990:1001 milk group dependencies 979:1001 milk group dependencies 979:1001 We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. 31409852 10 53 theme HMO 1656:1658 arg1 variation 1660:1668 HMO variation 1656:1668 HMO variation 1656:1668 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 5 54 theme longitudinal 698:709 arg1 samples 722:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples 698:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries 698:787 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 5 55 from mothers 743:749 arg1 samples 722:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples 698:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries 698:787 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 5 56 theme breastmilk 711:720 arg1 samples 722:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples 698:728 longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries 698:787 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 5 57 theme mixed 834:838 arg1 models 847:852 mixed linear models 834:852 mixed linear models 834:852 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 8 58 theme delivery 1283:1290 arg1 ppBMI 1268:1272 ppBMI 1268:1272 ppBMI 1268:1272 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 8 58 theme delivery 1283:1290 arg1 mode 1275:1278 mode 1275:1278 mode 1275:1278 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 0 59 theme European 137:144 arg1 mothers 146:152 healthy European mothers 129:152 healthy European mothers 129:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 5 60 theme individual 911:920 arg1 HMOs 922:925 individual HMOs 911:925 individual HMOs 911:925 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 8 61 theme substrate 1236:1244 arg1 availability 1246:1257 substrate availability 1236:1257 an enzyme as well as substrate availability 1215:1257 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 6 62 theme HMO-specific 940:951 arg1 trajectories 962:973 HMO-specific temporal trajectories 940:973 HMO-specific temporal trajectories 940:973 We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. 31409852 9 63 theme collection 1514:1523 arg1 study 1525:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study 1441:1529 the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics 1441:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 9 63 theme collection 1514:1523 arg1 study 1432:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study 1414:1436 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 0 64 from months 94:99 arg1 cohort 119:124 a cohort 117:124 a cohort of healthy European mothers 117:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 8 65 theme maternal 1318:1325 arg1 physiology 1327:1336 maternal physiology 1318:1336 maternal physiology 1318:1336 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 0 66 theme first 86:90 arg1 months 94:99 the first 4 months 82:99 the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 82:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 5 67 theme characteristics 890:904 arg1 associations 865:876 associations 865:876 associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs 865:925 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 4 68 theme HMO 675:677 arg1 composition 679:689 milk HMO composition 670:689 milk HMO composition 670:689 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 9 69 theme basic 1564:1568 arg1 characteristics 1579:1593 basic maternal characteristics 1564:1593 basic maternal characteristics 1564:1593 Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. 31409852 0 70 theme lactation 104:112 arg1 months 94:99 the first 4 months 82:99 the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 82:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 5 71 theme healthy 735:741 arg1 n = 290 752:758 n = 290 752:758 n = 290 752:758 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 5 71 theme healthy 735:741 arg1 mothers 743:749 healthy mothers 735:749 healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries 735:787 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 8 72 theme initital 1384:1391 arg1 period 1393:1398 the initital period 1380:1398 the initital period of lactation 1380:1411 Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. 31409852 0 73 theme characteristics 19:33 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 0:153 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 1 74 theme lactation 264:272 arg1 period 274:279 lactation period 264:279 lactation period 264:279 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 2 75 dep fucosyltransferase 329:346 arg1 FUT3 358:361 FUT3 358:361 FUT3 358:361 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 2 75 dep fucosyltransferase 329:346 arg1 FUT2 349:352 FUT2 349:352 FUT2 349:352 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 0 76 theme human 38:42 arg1 composition 65:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition 38:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 38:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 2 77 theme distinct 393:400 arg1 groups 407:412 4 distinct milk groups 391:412 4 distinct milk groups 391:412 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 0 78 theme oligosaccharide 49:63 arg1 composition 65:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition 38:75 human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers 38:152 Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. 31409852 10 79 contain had 1630:1632 arg2 impact 1646:1651 the biggest impact 1634:1651 the biggest impact on HMO variation 1634:1668 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 10 79 contain had 1630:1632 arg1 Time 1596:1599 Time 1596:1599 Time of lactation and milk groups 1596:1628 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 10 80 dep lactation 1604:1612 arg1 groups 1623:1628 groups 1623:1628 groups 1623:1628 Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. 31409852 4 81 theme major 551:555 arg1 HMOs 557:560 20 major HMOs 548:560 20 major HMOs 548:560 We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. 31409852 5 82 with associations 865:876 arg1 HMOs 922:925 individual HMOs 911:925 individual HMOs 911:925 Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. 31409852 2 83 theme fucosyltransferase 329:346 arg1 polymorphisms 364:376 fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms 329:376 fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups 329:412 Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. 31409852 11 84 theme physiological 1738:1750 arg1 significance 1752:1763 the physiological significance 1734:1763 the physiological significance for the breastfed infant 1734:1788 Future studies need to elucidate these observations and assess the physiological significance for the breastfed infant. 31409852 1 85 theme lactating 213:221 arg1 mothers 223:229 lactating mothers 213:229 lactating mothers 213:229 Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. 31409852 7 86 from differences 1049:1059 arg1 concentrations 1068:1081 HMO concentrations 1064:1081 HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity 1064:1134 We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. 31409852 11 87 theme Future 1671:1676 arg1 studies 1678:1684 Future studies 1671:1684 Future studies 1671:1684 Future studies need to elucidate these observations and assess the physiological significance for the breastfed infant. 31432926 4 0 theme mol 809:811 arg1 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 820:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 6 1 from solubility 1028:1037 arg1 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 2 2 theme physical 329:336 arg1 properties 356:365 the physical and antibacterial properties 325:365 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan 325:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 1 3 theme greater 254:260 arg1 control 262:268 greater control 254:268 greater control of these lesions 254:285 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 4 4 theme ethyl 814:818 arg1 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 820:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 5 theme % 786:786 arg1 camphorquinone 788:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 1 6 theme carious 176:182 arg1 lesions 184:190 incipient carious lesions 166:190 incipient carious lesions 166:190 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 6 7 from Sorption 1015:1022 arg1 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 3 8 theme mol 560:562 arg1 % 563:563 0, 0.5 and 1 mol% 547:563 0, 0.5 and 1 mol% 547:563 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 4 9 dep % 741:741 arg1 75 732:733 75 732:733 75 732:733 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 9 dep % 741:741 arg1 25 739:740 25 739:740 25 739:740 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 10 theme 0.5 779:781 arg1 mol 783:785 mol 783:785 mol 783:785 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 3 11 theme salt 533:536 arg1 chitosan 570:577 chitosan 570:577 chitosan 570:577 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 3 11 theme salt 533:536 arg1 concentration 495:507 the concentration 491:507 the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; 491:564 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 9 12 located observed 1592:1599 arg1 groups 1612:1617 all the groups 1604:1617 all the groups with DPI 1604:1626 Antibacterial activity was observed in all the groups with DPI, regardless of the concentration of chitosan. 31432926 9 12 located observed 1592:1599 arg2 activity 1579:1586 Antibacterial activity 1565:1586 Antibacterial activity 1565:1586 Antibacterial activity was observed in all the groups with DPI, regardless of the concentration of chitosan. 31432926 10 13 theme experimental 1710:1721 arg1 infiltrants 1723:1733 experimental infiltrants 1710:1733 experimental infiltrants 1710:1733 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 8 14 theme 0.12 1391:1394 arg1 % 1395:1395 % 1395:1395 % 1395:1395 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 7 15 theme visual 1315:1320 arg1 inspection 1322:1331 visual inspection 1315:1331 visual inspection 1315:1331 Data was analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05), with the exception of the antibacterial test, which was evaluated by visual inspection. 31432926 4 16 theme glycol 663:668 arg1 dimethacrylate 670:683 triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 651:683 triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 651:683 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 5 17 theme bending 1001:1007 arg1 test 1009:1012 the three-point bending test 985:1012 the three-point bending test 985:1012 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 10 18 theme chitosan 1698:1705 arg1 addition 1678:1685 The addition 1674:1685 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants 1674:1733 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 5 19 theme conversion 859:868 arg1 degree 849:854 The degree 845:854 The degree of conversion 845:868 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 10 20 theme valid 1748:1752 arg1 option 1754:1759 a valid option 1746:1759 a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1746:1843 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 8 21 theme high 1413:1416 arg1 values 1418:1423 high values 1413:1423 high values of degree of conversion 1413:1447 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 4 22 theme monomeric 633:641 arg1 base 643:646 the monomeric base 629:646 the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight 629:762 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 0 23 theme physical 44:51 arg1 properties 71:80 the physical and antibacterial properties 40:80 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants 40:108 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 0 24 theme antibacterial 57:69 arg1 properties 71:80 the physical and antibacterial properties 40:80 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants 40:108 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 0 25 from Effect 0:5 arg1 properties 71:80 the physical and antibacterial properties 40:80 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants 40:108 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 3 26 theme experimental 439:450 arg1 infiltrants 452:462 Nine experimental infiltrants 434:462 Nine experimental infiltrants 434:462 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 0 27 theme infiltrants 98:108 arg1 properties 71:80 the physical and antibacterial properties 40:80 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants 40:108 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 4 28 theme dimethacrylate 701:714 arg1 ethoxylate 716:725 bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate 689:725 bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate 689:725 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 2 29 theme experimental 370:381 arg1 infiltrants 383:393 experimental infiltrants 370:393 experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan 370:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 5 30 theme Fourier 890:896 arg1 spectroscopy 919:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 7 31 theme antibacterial 1272:1284 arg1 test 1286:1289 the antibacterial test 1268:1289 the antibacterial test 1268:1289 Data was analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05), with the exception of the antibacterial test, which was evaluated by visual inspection. 31432926 8 32 theme elastic 1467:1473 arg1 modulus 1475:1481 elastic modulus 1467:1481 elastic modulus 1467:1481 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 0 33 theme iodonium 10:17 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 0:109 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 5 34 theme infrared 910:917 arg1 spectroscopy 919:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 9 35 with groups 1612:1617 arg1 DPI 1624:1626 DPI 1624:1626 DPI 1624:1626 Antibacterial activity was observed in all the groups with DPI, regardless of the concentration of chitosan. 31432926 8 36 theme strength 1496:1503 arg1 values 1457:1462 higher values 1450:1462 higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength 1450:1503 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 36 theme strength 1496:1503 arg1 values 1525:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 36 theme strength 1496:1503 arg1 values 1418:1423 high values 1413:1423 high values of degree of conversion 1413:1447 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 37 theme infiltrant 1350:1359 arg1 group 1361:1365 the infiltrant group 1346:1365 the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan 1346:1404 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 5 38 theme three-point 989:999 arg1 bending 1001:1007 the three-point bending 985:1007 the three-point bending test 985:1012 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 6 39 theme inhibitory 1085:1094 arg1 concentration 1096:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 4 40 contain contained 619:627 arg1 infiltrants 607:617 The infiltrants 603:617 The infiltrants 603:617 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 40 contain contained 619:627 arg2 base 643:646 the monomeric base 629:646 the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight 629:762 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 0 41 dep iodonium 10:17 arg1 chitosan 28:35 chitosan 28:35 chitosan 28:35 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 0 41 dep iodonium 10:17 arg1 salt 19:22 salt 19:22 salt 19:22 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 8 42 theme sorption 1516:1523 arg1 values 1525:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 10 43 theme desirable 1792:1800 arg1 characteristics 1829:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 8 44 theme % 1381:1381 arg1 DPI 1383:1385 0.5% DPI 1378:1385 0.5% DPI 1378:1385 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 5 45 theme elastic 963:969 arg1 modulus 971:977 the flexural strength and elastic modulus 937:977 modulus 971:977 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 6 46 theme antibacterial 1053:1065 arg1 analysis 1067:1074 antibacterial analysis 1053:1074 antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) 1053:1148 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 3 47 theme diphenyliodonium 516:531 arg1 salt 533:536 the diphenyliodonium salt 512:536 the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) 512:542 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 3 47 theme diphenyliodonium 516:531 arg1 DPI 539:541 DPI 539:541 DPI 539:541 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 4 48 from base 643:646 arg1 proportion 743:752 a 75 and 25% proportion 730:752 a 75 and 25% proportion by weight 730:762 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 9 49 theme Antibacterial 1565:1577 arg1 activity 1579:1586 Antibacterial activity 1565:1586 Antibacterial activity 1565:1586 Antibacterial activity was observed in all the groups with DPI, regardless of the concentration of chitosan. 31432926 6 50 dep analysis 1067:1074 arg1 concentration 1135:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 6 50 dep analysis 1067:1074 arg1 concentration 1096:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 4 51 theme % 812:812 arg1 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 820:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 8 52 theme other 1551:1555 arg1 groups 1557:1562 the other groups 1547:1562 the other groups 1547:1562 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 1 53 theme lesions 184:190 arg1 treatment 153:161 the treatment 149:161 the treatment of incipient carious lesions 149:190 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 1 54 theme incipient 166:174 arg1 lesions 184:190 incipient carious lesions 166:190 incipient carious lesions 166:190 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 4 55 theme mol 783:785 arg1 camphorquinone 788:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 2 56 theme study 304:308 arg1 aim 292:294 The aim 288:294 The aim of this study 288:308 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 4 57 dep proportion 743:752 arg1 % 741:741 % 741:741 % 741:741 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 6 58 theme bactericidal 1122:1133 arg1 concentration 1135:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 10 59 theme DPI 1690:1692 arg1 addition 1678:1685 The addition 1674:1685 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants 1674:1733 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 8 60 theme % 1395:1395 arg1 chitosan 1397:1404 0.12% chitosan 1391:1404 0.12% chitosan 1391:1404 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 2 61 contain containing 395:404 arg1 infiltrants 383:393 experimental infiltrants 370:393 experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan 370:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 2 61 contain containing 395:404 arg2 iodonium 406:413 iodonium salt and chitosan 406:431 iodonium salt and chitosan 406:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 1 62 theme Resinous 111:118 arg1 infiltrants 120:130 Resinous infiltrants 111:130 Resinous infiltrants 111:130 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 4 63 theme triethylene 651:661 arg1 dimethacrylate 670:683 triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 651:683 triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 651:683 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 64 dep contained 619:627 arg1 camphorquinone 788:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 0.5 mol% camphorquinone 779:801 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 4 64 dep contained 619:627 arg1 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 820:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate 807:842 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 6 65 theme minimum 1114:1120 arg1 concentration 1135:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 minimum bactericidal concentration 1114:1147 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 4 66 theme dimethacrylate 670:683 arg1 base 643:646 the monomeric base 629:646 the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight 629:762 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 7 67 theme two-way 1205:1211 arg1 ANOVA 1213:1217 two-way ANOVA 1205:1217 two-way ANOVA 1205:1217 Data was analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05), with the exception of the antibacterial test, which was evaluated by visual inspection. 31432926 9 68 theme chitosan 1664:1671 arg1 concentration 1647:1659 the concentration 1643:1659 the concentration of chitosan 1643:1671 Antibacterial activity was observed in all the groups with DPI, regardless of the concentration of chitosan. 31432926 8 69 theme degree 1428:1433 arg1 values 1457:1462 higher values 1450:1462 higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength 1450:1503 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 69 theme degree 1428:1433 arg1 values 1525:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 69 theme degree 1428:1433 arg1 values 1418:1423 high values 1413:1423 high values of degree of conversion 1413:1447 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 70 theme conversion 1438:1447 arg1 degree 1428:1433 degree 1428:1433 degree of conversion 1428:1447 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 0 71 theme experimental 85:96 arg1 infiltrants 98:108 experimental infiltrants 85:108 experimental infiltrants 85:108 Effect of iodonium salt and chitosan on the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants. 31432926 8 72 theme higher 1450:1455 arg1 values 1457:1462 higher values 1450:1462 higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength 1450:1503 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 1 73 theme further 197:203 arg1 development 205:215 further development 197:215 further development of these materials 197:234 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 7 74 theme test 1286:1289 arg1 exception 1255:1263 the exception 1251:1263 the exception of the antibacterial test, which was evaluated by visual inspection 1251:1331 Data was analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05), with the exception of the antibacterial test, which was evaluated by visual inspection. 31432926 2 75 theme infiltrants 383:393 arg1 properties 356:365 the physical and antibacterial properties 325:365 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan 325:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 8 76 theme modulus 1475:1481 arg1 values 1457:1462 higher values 1450:1462 higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength 1450:1503 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 76 theme modulus 1475:1481 arg1 values 1525:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 76 theme modulus 1475:1481 arg1 values 1418:1423 high values 1413:1423 high values of degree of conversion 1413:1447 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 4 77 theme bisphenol-A 689:699 arg1 ethoxylate 716:725 bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate 689:725 bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate 689:725 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 3 78 from % 563:563 arg1 chitosan 570:577 chitosan 570:577 chitosan 570:577 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 3 78 from % 563:563 arg1 concentration 495:507 the concentration 491:507 the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; 491:564 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 1 79 theme lesions 279:285 arg1 control 262:268 greater control 254:268 greater control of these lesions 254:285 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 5 80 theme transformer 898:908 arg1 spectroscopy 919:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy 890:930 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 8 81 contain containing 1367:1376 arg2 DPI 1383:1385 0.5% DPI 1378:1385 0.5% DPI 1378:1385 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 81 contain containing 1367:1376 arg2 chitosan 1397:1404 0.12% chitosan 1391:1404 0.12% chitosan 1391:1404 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 81 contain containing 1367:1376 arg1 group 1361:1365 the infiltrant group 1346:1365 the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan 1346:1404 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 8 82 theme flexural 1487:1494 arg1 strength 1496:1503 flexural strength 1487:1503 flexural strength 1487:1503 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 3 83 theme g 599:599 arg1 % 600:600 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g% 582:600 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g% 582:600 Nine experimental infiltrants were formulated by varying the concentration of the diphenyliodonium salt (DPI) at 0, 0.5 and 1 mol%; and chitosan at 0, 0.12 and 0.25 g%. 31432926 4 84 theme ethoxylate 716:725 arg1 base 643:646 the monomeric base 629:646 the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight 629:762 The infiltrants contained the monomeric base of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate ethoxylate in a 75 and 25% proportion by weight, respectively; 0.5 mol% camphorquinone and 1 mol% ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate. 31432926 2 85 dep iodonium 406:413 arg1 salt 415:418 salt 415:418 salt 415:418 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 2 85 dep iodonium 406:413 arg1 chitosan 424:431 chitosan 424:431 chitosan 424:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31432926 8 86 theme lower 1510:1514 arg1 values 1525:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 lower sorption values 1510:1530 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 10 87 theme antibacterial 1815:1827 arg1 characteristics 1829:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 5 88 theme flexural 941:948 arg1 strength 950:957 the flexural strength and elastic modulus 937:977 strength 950:957 The degree of conversion was evaluated using Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy, and the flexural strength and elastic modulus using the three-point bending test. 31432926 6 89 theme minimum 1077:1083 arg1 concentration 1096:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 minimum inhibitory concentration 1077:1108 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 10 90 theme physical 1802:1809 arg1 characteristics 1829:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics 1792:1843 The addition of DPI and chitosan to experimental infiltrants represents a valid option for producing infiltrants with desirable physical and antibacterial characteristics. 31432926 1 91 theme materials 226:234 arg1 development 205:215 further development 197:215 further development of these materials 197:234 Resinous infiltrants are indicated in the treatment of incipient carious lesions, and further development of these materials may contribute to greater control of these lesions. 31432926 8 92 theme 0.5 1378:1380 arg1 % 1381:1381 % 1381:1381 % 1381:1381 In general, the infiltrant group containing 0.5% DPI and 0.12% chitosan showed high values of degree of conversion, higher values of elastic modulus and flexural strength, and lower sorption values in relation to the other groups. 31432926 6 93 from analysis 1067:1074 arg1 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 water 1042:1046 Sorption and solubility in water, and antibacterial analysis (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration) were also analyzed. 31432926 2 94 theme antibacterial 342:354 arg1 properties 356:365 the physical and antibacterial properties 325:365 the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan 325:431 The aim of this study was to analyze the physical and antibacterial properties of experimental infiltrants containing iodonium salt and chitosan. 31336280 10 0 theme cartilage-like 1508:1521 arg1 region 1529:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 2 1 from organization 446:457 arg1 p < 0.05 477:484 p < 0.05 477:484 p < 0.05 477:484 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 1 from organization 446:457 arg1 tissue 469:474 native tissue 462:474 native tissue (p < 0.05) 462:485 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 5 2 theme AGG 930:932 arg1 expression 935:944 aggrecan (AGG) expression 920:944 aggrecan (AGG) expression 920:944 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 10 3 with meniscus 1492:1499 arg1 region 1529:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 10 3 with meniscus 1492:1499 arg1 region 1566:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 10 4 theme anatomical 1481:1490 arg1 meniscus 1492:1499 an anatomical meniscus 1478:1499 an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region 1478:1571 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 6 5 dep expression 1047:1056 arg1 p < 0.05 1059:1066 p < 0.05 1059:1066 p < 0.05 1059:1066 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 2 6 theme PCL 301:303 arg1 scaffolds 305:313 the PCL scaffolds 297:313 the PCL scaffolds 297:313 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 3 7 theme fibrochondrocytes 588:604 arg1 alignment 565:573 alignment 565:573 alignment 565:573 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 3 7 theme fibrochondrocytes 588:604 arg1 elongation 550:559 elongation 550:559 elongation 550:559 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 4 8 theme cells 630:634 arg1 expression 612:621 Gene expression 607:621 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 607:704 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 7 9 theme PCL 1129:1131 arg1 strands 1133:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 9 10 theme COL 1420:1422 arg1 expression 1426:1435 COL 2 expression 1420:1435 COL 2 expression 1420:1435 COL 1 expression increased gradually towards the outer periphery, while COL 2 expression decreased. 31336280 5 11 theme expression 935:944 arg1 level 911:915 the highest level 899:915 the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression 899:944 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 7 12 from periphery 1188:1196 arg1 region 1224:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 4 13 theme PCL 757:759 arg1 scaffolds 761:769 the PCL scaffolds 753:769 the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture 753:792 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 3 14 theme aligned 518:524 arg1 strands 530:536 circumferentially aligned PCL strands 500:536 circumferentially aligned PCL strands 500:536 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 7 15 theme circumferential 1113:1127 arg1 strands 1133:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 7 16 theme Anatomical 1087:1096 arg1 scaffolds 1098:1106 Anatomical scaffolds 1087:1106 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands 1087:1139 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 8 17 dep COL 1288:1290 arg1 proteins 1304:1311 proteins 1304:1311 proteins 1304:1311 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 1 18 theme meniscus 201:208 arg1 anatomy 190:196 anatomy 190:196 anatomy 190:196 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus was engineered. 31336280 1 18 theme meniscus 201:208 arg1 biochemistry 173:184 biochemistry 173:184 biochemistry 173:184 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus was engineered. 31336280 1 18 theme meniscus 201:208 arg1 organization 159:170 the structural organization 144:170 the structural organization 144:170 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus was engineered. 31336280 6 19 theme type 1030:1033 arg1 expression 1047:1056 collagen type II (COL2A1) expression 1021:1056 collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL) 1021:1084 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 4 20 from expression 612:621 arg1 hydrogels 696:704 GelMA-Ag hydrogels 687:704 GelMA-Ag hydrogels 687:704 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 4 20 from expression 612:621 arg1 agarose 639:645 agarose 639:645 agarose (Ag) 639:650 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 4 20 from expression 612:621 arg1 methacrylate 661:672 gelatin methacrylate 653:672 gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) 653:680 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 4 20 from expression 612:621 arg1 GelMA 675:679 GelMA 675:679 GelMA 675:679 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 4 20 from expression 612:621 arg1 Ag 648:649 Ag 648:649 Ag 648:649 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 10 21 theme fibrocartilage-like 1540:1558 arg1 region 1566:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 7 22 from GelMA-Ag 1202:1209 arg1 region 1224:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 8 23 theme COL 1288:1290 arg1 production 1274:1283 the production 1270:1283 the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins 1270:1311 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 5 24 theme COL1A2 849:854 arg1 expression 862:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 0 25 theme meniscus 11:18 arg1 construct 20:28 Anatomical meniscus construct 0:28 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization 0:99 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 7 26 dep periphery 1188:1196 arg1 the 1184:1186 the 1184:1186 the 1184:1186 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 7 27 theme cell-loaded 1163:1173 arg1 GelMA 1175:1179 cell-loaded GelMA 1163:1179 cell-loaded GelMA 1163:1179 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 8 28 theme COL 1298:1300 arg1 production 1274:1283 the production 1270:1283 the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins 1270:1311 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 29 theme circumferential 399:413 arg1 strands 415:421 circumferential strands 399:421 circumferential strands 399:421 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 0 30 theme Anatomical 0:9 arg1 construct 20:28 Anatomical meniscus construct 0:28 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization 0:99 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 10 31 theme inner 1523:1527 arg1 region 1529:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 a cartilage-like inner region 1506:1534 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 4 32 from cells 744:748 arg1 scaffolds 761:769 the PCL scaffolds 753:769 the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture 753:792 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 1 33 theme PCL/hydrogel 104:115 arg1 construct 117:125 A PCL/hydrogel construct 102:125 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus 102:208 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus was engineered. 31336280 5 34 theme mRNA 857:860 arg1 expression 862:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 5 35 theme highest 815:821 arg1 level 823:827 the highest level 811:827 the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 811:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 9 36 theme outer 1397:1401 arg1 periphery 1403:1411 the outer periphery 1393:1411 the outer periphery 1393:1411 COL 1 expression increased gradually towards the outer periphery, while COL 2 expression decreased. 31336280 8 37 theme GelMA 1232:1236 arg1 hydrogels 1251:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 1232:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 1232:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 8 38 theme 6-week 1321:1326 arg1 p < 0.05 1337:1344 p < 0.05 1337:1344 p < 0.05 1337:1344 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 8 38 theme 6-week 1321:1326 arg1 culture 1328:1334 a 6-week culture 1319:1334 a 6-week culture (p < 0.05) 1319:1345 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 3 39 theme human 582:586 arg1 fibrochondrocytes 588:604 the human fibrochondrocytes 578:604 the human fibrochondrocytes 578:604 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 9 40 theme COL 1348:1350 arg1 expression 1354:1363 COL 1 expression 1348:1363 COL 1 expression 1348:1363 COL 1 expression increased gradually towards the outer periphery, while COL 2 expression decreased. 31336280 6 41 theme high 1007:1010 arg1 level 1012:1016 a high level 1005:1016 a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL) 1005:1084 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 2 42 theme native 462:467 arg1 p < 0.05 477:484 p < 0.05 477:484 p < 0.05 477:484 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 42 theme native 462:467 arg1 tissue 469:474 native tissue 462:474 native tissue (p < 0.05) 462:485 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 4 43 theme Gene 607:610 arg1 expression 612:621 Gene expression 607:621 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 607:704 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 5 44 theme aggrecan 920:927 arg1 expression 935:944 aggrecan (AGG) expression 920:944 aggrecan (AGG) expression 920:944 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 2 45 theme scaffolds 305:313 arg1 modulus 269:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus 226:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds 226:313 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 45 theme scaffolds 305:313 arg1 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 5 46 theme collagen 832:839 arg1 expression 862:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 0 47 theme specific 40:47 arg1 composition 61:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 7 48 theme inner 1218:1222 arg1 region 1224:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 the inner region 1214:1229 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 5 49 theme type 841:844 arg1 expression 862:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 832:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 10 50 theme outer 1560:1564 arg1 region 1566:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 fibrocartilage-like outer region 1540:1571 We were thus able to engineer an anatomical meniscus with a cartilage-like inner region and fibrocartilage-like outer region. 31336280 2 51 theme collagen 437:444 arg1 organization 446:457 the collagen organization 433:457 the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05) 433:485 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 0 52 theme zone 35:38 arg1 composition 61:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 8 53 theme GelMA-Ag 1242:1249 arg1 hydrogels 1251:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 1232:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels 1232:1259 GelMA and GelMA-Ag hydrogels enhanced the production of COL 1 and COL 2 proteins after a 6-week culture (p < 0.05). 31336280 4 54 theme gelatin 653:659 arg1 GelMA 675:679 GelMA 675:679 GelMA 675:679 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 4 54 theme gelatin 653:659 arg1 methacrylate 661:672 gelatin methacrylate 653:672 gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) 653:680 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 5 55 theme expression 862:871 arg1 level 823:827 the highest level 811:827 the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression 811:871 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 0 56 with construct 20:28 arg1 organization 88:99 structural organization 77:99 structural organization 77:99 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 0 56 with construct 20:28 arg1 composition 61:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 3 57 theme PCL 526:528 arg1 strands 530:536 circumferentially aligned PCL strands 500:536 circumferentially aligned PCL strands 500:536 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 0 58 theme biochemical 49:59 arg1 composition 61:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 zone specific biochemical composition 35:71 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 2 59 theme compressive 230:240 arg1 modulus 269:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus 226:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds 226:313 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 59 theme compressive 230:240 arg1 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 7 60 with scaffolds 1098:1106 arg1 strands 1133:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 circumferential PCL strands 1113:1139 Anatomical scaffolds with circumferential PCL strands were impregnated with cell-loaded GelMA in the periphery and GelMA-Ag in the inner region. 31336280 3 61 theme strands 530:536 arg1 Presence 488:495 Presence 488:495 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands 488:536 Presence of circumferentially aligned PCL strands also led to elongation and alignment of the human fibrochondrocytes. 31336280 5 62 theme highest 903:909 arg1 level 911:915 the highest level 899:915 the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression 899:944 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 6 63 theme expression 1047:1056 arg1 level 1012:1016 a high level 1005:1016 a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL) 1005:1084 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 4 64 theme 21-day 779:784 arg1 culture 786:792 a 21-day culture 777:792 a 21-day culture 777:792 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 1 65 theme structural 148:157 arg1 organization 159:170 the structural organization 144:170 the structural organization 144:170 A PCL/hydrogel construct that would mimic the structural organization, biochemistry and anatomy of meniscus was engineered. 31336280 0 66 theme structural 77:86 arg1 organization 88:99 structural organization 77:99 structural organization 77:99 Anatomical meniscus construct with zone specific biochemical composition and structural organization. 31336280 5 67 dep compared 958:965 arg1 p < 0.001 947:955 p < 0.001 947:955 p < 0.001 947:955 GelMA exhibited the highest level of collagen type I (COL1A2) mRNA expression, while GelMA-Ag exhibited the highest level of aggrecan (AGG) expression (p < 0.001, compared to PCL). 31336280 4 68 theme GelMA-Ag 687:694 arg1 hydrogels 696:704 GelMA-Ag hydrogels 687:704 GelMA-Ag hydrogels 687:704 Gene expression of the cells in agarose (Ag), gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), and GelMA-Ag hydrogels was significantly higher than that of cells on the PCL scaffolds after a 21-day culture. 31336280 6 69 theme collagen 1021:1028 arg1 COL2A1 1039:1044 COL2A1 1039:1044 COL2A1 1039:1044 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 6 69 theme collagen 1021:1028 arg1 type 1030:1033 collagen type II 1021:1036 collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL) 1021:1084 GelMA and GelMA-Ag exhibited a high level of collagen type II (COL2A1) expression (p < 0.05, compared to PCL). 31336280 2 70 dep compressive 230:240 arg1 380 ± 40 kPa 243:254 380 ± 40 kPa 243:254 380 ± 40 kPa 243:254 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 71 theme tensile 261:267 arg1 modulus 269:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus 226:275 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds 226:313 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 71 theme tensile 261:267 arg1 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 18.2 ± 0.9 MPa 278:291 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31336280 2 72 theme shifted 380:386 arg1 design 388:393 a shifted design 378:393 a shifted design 378:393 The compressive (380 ± 40 kPa) and tensile modulus (18.2 ± 0.9 MPa) of the PCL scaffolds were increased significantly when constructs were printed with a shifted design and circumferential strands mimicking the collagen organization in native tissue (p < 0.05). 31707282 7 0 theme b 1302:1302 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 0 theme b 1302:1302 arg1 Trkb 1305:1308 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 4 1 theme progressive 783:793 arg1 loss 803:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 0 2 with mice 72:75 arg1 loss 114:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 2 3 theme fatty 348:352 arg1 acid 354:357 short-chain fatty acid 336:357 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 336:375 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 2 3 theme fatty 348:352 arg1 SCFA 360:363 SCFA 360:363 SCFA 360:363 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 7 4 theme kinase 1286:1291 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 4 theme kinase 1286:1291 arg1 Trkb 1305:1308 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 8 5 theme inner 1440:1444 arg1 ear 1446:1448 the inner ear 1436:1448 the inner ear 1436:1448 In addition, the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear was maintained in FOS-fed mice. 31707282 7 6 theme brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 6 theme brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 6 theme brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 factor 1248:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1221:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 1221:1260 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 7 theme neurotrophin 1207:1218 arg1 expression 1193:1202 gene expression 1188:1202 gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), 1188:1369 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 1 8 theme sensorineural 192:204 arg1 SNHL 220:223 SNHL 220:223 SNHL 220:223 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 1 8 theme sensorineural 192:204 arg1 loss 214:217 sensorineural hearing loss 192:217 sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) 192:224 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 4 9 theme study 611:615 arg1 purpose 595:601 The purpose 591:601 The purpose of this study 591:615 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 1 10 theme loss 214:217 arg1 progression 177:187 progression 177:187 progression 177:187 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 1 10 theme loss 214:217 arg1 onset 167:171 onset 167:171 onset 167:171 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 6 11 theme significant 1068:1078 arg1 increase 1080:1087 a significant increase 1066:1087 a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum 1066:1109 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 6 12 theme stress 1142:1147 arg1 marker 1149:1154 an oxidative stress marker 1129:1154 an oxidative stress marker in the serum 1129:1167 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 7 13 theme inner 1177:1181 arg1 ear 1183:1185 the inner ear 1173:1185 the inner ear 1173:1185 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 4 14 theme spiral 676:681 arg1 protection 705:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 5 15 theme control 838:844 arg1 diet 846:849 control diet 838:849 control diet 838:849 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 8 16 theme SGNs 1428:1431 arg1 rate 1420:1423 the survival rate 1407:1423 the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear 1407:1448 In addition, the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear was maintained in FOS-fed mice. 31707282 6 17 from increase 1080:1087 arg1 marker 1149:1154 an oxidative stress marker 1129:1154 an oxidative stress marker in the serum 1129:1167 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 6 17 from increase 1080:1087 arg1 SCFAs 1092:1096 SCFAs 1092:1096 SCFAs 1092:1096 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 6 17 from increase 1080:1087 arg1 cecum 1105:1109 the cecum 1101:1109 the cecum 1101:1109 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 5 18 theme DBA/2 809:813 arg1 mice 817:820 DBA/2 J mice 809:820 DBA/2 J mice 809:820 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 7 19 link brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 19 link brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 19 link brain-derived 1221:1233 arg1 factor 1248:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1221:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 1221:1260 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 0 20 theme J 70:70 arg1 mice 72:75 DBA/2 J mice 64:75 DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss 64:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 7 21 theme acid 1346:1349 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 21 theme acid 1346:1349 arg1 receptor 1351:1358 free fatty acid receptor 3 1335:1360 free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3) 1335:1368 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 21 theme acid 1346:1349 arg1 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 4 22 from protection 705:714 arg1 ear 729:731 the inner ear 719:731 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 719:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 7 23 theme free 1335:1338 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 23 theme free 1335:1338 arg1 receptor 1351:1358 free fatty acid receptor 3 1335:1360 free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3) 1335:1368 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 23 theme free 1335:1338 arg1 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 2 24 theme antioxidant 381:391 arg1 activity 393:400 antioxidant activity 381:400 antioxidant activity 381:400 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 0 25 theme progressive 94:104 arg1 loss 114:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 9 26 theme compositional 1523:1535 arg1 variation 1537:1545 a compositional variation 1521:1545 a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect 1521:1595 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 4 27 theme neuron 692:697 arg1 protection 705:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 3 28 theme substantial 414:424 arg1 number 426:431 a substantial number 412:431 a substantial number of studies 412:442 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 0 29 theme Prebiotic 0:8 arg1 effect 10:15 Prebiotic effect 0:15 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 0:118 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 30 theme SGN 700:702 arg1 protection 705:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 3 31 from effects 565:571 arg1 ear 586:588 the inner ear 576:588 the inner ear 576:588 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 3 32 theme diseases 515:522 arg1 prevention 483:492 the prevention 479:492 the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics 479:536 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 7 33 theme SCFA 1320:1323 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 33 theme SCFA 1320:1323 arg1 receptor 1325:1332 the SCFA receptor 1316:1332 the SCFA receptor 1316:1332 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 6 34 theme mice 915:918 arg1 Analysis 903:910 Analysis 903:910 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet 903:935 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 9 35 theme intestinal 1554:1563 arg1 flora 1565:1569 the intestinal flora 1550:1569 the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect 1550:1595 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 4 36 theme mice 744:747 arg1 ear 729:731 the inner ear 719:731 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 719:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 9 37 theme due 1571:1573 arg1 flora 1565:1569 the intestinal flora 1550:1569 the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect 1550:1595 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 2 38 theme short-chain 336:346 arg1 acid 354:357 short-chain fatty acid 336:357 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 336:375 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 2 38 theme short-chain 336:346 arg1 SCFA 360:363 SCFA 360:363 SCFA 360:363 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 0 39 theme inner 51:55 arg1 ear 57:59 the inner ear 47:59 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss 47:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 6 40 from marker 1149:1154 arg1 serum 1163:1167 the serum 1159:1167 the serum 1159:1167 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 4 41 theme DBA/2 736:740 arg1 model 761:765 a model 759:765 a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 759:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 41 theme DBA/2 736:740 arg1 mice 744:747 DBA/2 J mice 736:747 DBA/2 J mice 736:747 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 7 42 theme receptor 1293:1300 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 42 theme receptor 1293:1300 arg1 Trkb 1305:1308 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 5 43 theme FOS 886:888 arg1 w/w 878:880 w/w 878:880 w/w 878:880 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 5 43 theme FOS 886:888 arg1 FOS 886:888 FOS 886:888 FOS 886:888 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 5 43 theme FOS 886:888 arg1 % 875:875 10% 873:875 10% (w/w) of FOS 873:888 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 2 44 theme acid 354:357 arg1 production 366:375 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 336:375 short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production 336:375 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 7 45 theme tyrosine 1277:1284 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 45 theme tyrosine 1277:1284 arg1 Trkb 1305:1308 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb) 1277:1309 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 4 46 theme early-onset 771:781 arg1 loss 803:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 47 from effect 639:644 arg1 protection 705:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 47 from effect 639:644 arg1 expression 661:670 gene expression 656:670 gene expression 656:670 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 48 theme hearing 795:801 arg1 loss 803:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 early-onset progressive hearing loss 771:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 6 49 theme Firmicutes 1032:1041 arg1 ratio 1005:1009 the ratio 1001:1009 the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 1001:1041 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 2 50 theme non-digestible 261:274 arg1 oligosaccharides 276:291 non-digestible oligosaccharides 261:291 non-digestible oligosaccharides 261:291 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 2 50 theme non-digestible 261:274 arg1 Fructo-oligosaccharides 227:249 Fructo-oligosaccharides 227:249 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) 227:255 Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are non-digestible oligosaccharides and are known as prebiotics, which enhance short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and antioxidant activity. 31707282 6 51 theme Bacteroidetes 1014:1026 arg1 ratio 1005:1009 the ratio 1001:1009 the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 1001:1041 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 9 52 theme SNHL 1635:1638 arg1 progression 1620:1630 the progression 1616:1630 the progression of SNHL 1616:1638 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 6 53 theme ratio 1005:1009 arg1 inversion 988:996 an inversion 985:996 an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 985:1041 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 7 54 theme neurotrophic 1235:1246 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 54 theme neurotrophic 1235:1246 arg1 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 BDNF 1256:1259 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 54 theme neurotrophic 1235:1246 arg1 factor 1248:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1221:1253 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 1221:1260 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 8 55 theme FOS-fed 1468:1474 arg1 mice 1476:1479 FOS-fed mice 1468:1479 FOS-fed mice 1468:1479 In addition, the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear was maintained in FOS-fed mice. 31707282 1 56 theme hearing 206:212 arg1 SNHL 220:223 SNHL 220:223 SNHL 220:223 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 1 56 theme hearing 206:212 arg1 loss 214:217 sensorineural hearing loss 192:217 sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) 192:224 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 7 57 theme gene 1188:1191 arg1 expression 1193:1202 gene expression 1188:1202 gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), 1188:1369 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 4 58 theme gene 656:659 arg1 expression 661:670 gene expression 656:670 gene expression 656:670 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 6 59 theme oxidative 1132:1140 arg1 marker 1149:1154 an oxidative stress marker 1129:1154 an oxidative stress marker in the serum 1129:1167 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 0 60 theme DBA/2 64:68 arg1 mice 72:75 DBA/2 J mice 64:75 DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss 64:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 3 61 theme inner 580:584 arg1 ear 586:588 the inner ear 576:588 the inner ear 576:588 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 1 62 theme dietary 134:140 arg1 habits 142:147 dietary habits 134:147 dietary habits 134:147 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 0 63 theme mice 72:75 arg1 ear 57:59 the inner ear 47:59 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss 47:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 5 64 theme J 815:815 arg1 mice 817:820 DBA/2 J mice 809:820 DBA/2 J mice 809:820 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 7 65 theme fatty 1340:1344 arg1 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 neurotrophin 1207:1218 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 65 theme fatty 1340:1344 arg1 receptor 1351:1358 free fatty acid receptor 3 1335:1360 free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3) 1335:1368 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 7 65 theme fatty 1340:1344 arg1 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 FFAR3 1363:1367 In the inner ear, gene expression of neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor b (Trkb), and the SCFA receptor, free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), were increased by FOS. 31707282 0 66 from effect 10:15 arg1 ear 57:59 the inner ear 47:59 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss 47:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 67 theme FOS 649:651 arg1 effect 639:644 the effect 635:644 the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 635:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 0 68 theme early-onset 82:92 arg1 loss 114:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 0 69 theme hearing 106:112 arg1 loss 114:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 early-onset progressive hearing loss 82:117 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 8 70 theme survival 1411:1418 arg1 rate 1420:1423 the survival rate 1407:1423 the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear 1407:1448 In addition, the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear was maintained in FOS-fed mice. 31707282 3 71 theme studies 436:442 arg1 number 426:431 a substantial number 412:431 a substantial number of studies 412:442 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 6 72 theme FOS 928:930 arg1 diet 932:935 the FOS diet 924:935 the FOS diet 924:935 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 4 73 theme ganglion 683:690 arg1 protection 705:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection 676:714 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 0 74 theme fructo-oligosaccharides 20:42 arg1 effect 10:15 Prebiotic effect 0:15 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 0:118 Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharides on the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice with early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 5 75 theme FOS 854:856 arg1 diet 858:861 FOS diet 854:861 FOS diet 854:861 DBA/2 J mice were fed either control diet or FOS diet contained 10% (w/w) of FOS for 8 weeks. 31707282 8 76 from rate 1420:1423 arg1 ear 1446:1448 the inner ear 1436:1448 the inner ear 1436:1448 In addition, the survival rate of SGNs in the inner ear was maintained in FOS-fed mice. 31707282 9 77 theme flora 1565:1569 arg1 variation 1537:1545 a compositional variation 1521:1545 a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect 1521:1595 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 4 78 theme J 742:742 arg1 model 761:765 a model 759:765 a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 759:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 4 78 theme J 742:742 arg1 mice 744:747 DBA/2 J mice 736:747 DBA/2 J mice 736:747 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 1 79 dep onset 167:171 arg1 the 163:165 the 163:165 the 163:165 Nutrition and dietary habits contribute to the onset and progression of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). 31707282 9 80 theme prebiotic 1580:1588 arg1 effect 1590:1595 a prebiotic effect 1578:1595 a prebiotic effect 1578:1595 Altogether, these results suggest that a compositional variation of the intestinal flora due to a prebiotic effect may be involved in the progression of SNHL. 31707282 4 81 theme inner 723:727 arg1 ear 729:731 the inner ear 719:731 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 719:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 6 82 from change 948:953 arg1 flora 969:973 intestinal flora 958:973 intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 958:1041 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 4 83 from expression 661:670 arg1 ear 729:731 the inner ear 719:731 the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss 719:806 The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of FOS on gene expression and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) protection in the inner ear of DBA/2 J mice, which is a model for early-onset progressive hearing loss. 31707282 6 84 theme intestinal 958:967 arg1 flora 969:973 intestinal flora 958:973 intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes 958:1041 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 3 85 theme lifestyle-related 497:513 arg1 diseases 515:522 lifestyle-related diseases 497:522 lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics 497:536 Although a substantial number of studies have shown that FOS play a role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases as prebiotics, little is known about the effects on the inner ear. 31707282 6 86 from decrease 1117:1124 arg1 marker 1149:1154 an oxidative stress marker 1129:1154 an oxidative stress marker in the serum 1129:1167 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 6 86 from decrease 1117:1124 arg1 SCFAs 1092:1096 SCFAs 1092:1096 SCFAs 1092:1096 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 31707282 6 86 from decrease 1117:1124 arg1 cecum 1105:1109 the cecum 1101:1109 the cecum 1101:1109 Analysis of mice fed the FOS diet revealed a change in intestinal flora including an inversion of the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which was followed by a significant increase in SCFAs in the cecum and a decrease in an oxidative stress marker in the serum. 30834396 0 0 theme organic 67:73 arg1 transistor 88:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor 56:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin 56:142 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 1 1 theme spatial 336:342 arg1 effects 344:350 spatial effects 336:350 spatial effects 336:350 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 2 2 theme modified 577:584 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 3 theme various 697:703 arg1 enantiomers 705:715 various enantiomers 697:715 various enantiomers 697:715 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 5 4 theme commercial 1555:1564 arg1 drugs 1581:1585 commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1555:1585 commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1555:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 0 5 theme top-gate 58:65 arg1 transistor 88:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor 56:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin 56:142 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 2 6 theme monolayer 567:575 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 1 7 theme intrinsic 417:425 arg1 charge 427:432 the intrinsic charge 413:432 the intrinsic charge of analytes 413:444 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 8 theme chirality 167:175 arg1 challenge 223:231 a great challenge 215:231 a great challenge 215:231 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 8 theme chirality 167:175 arg1 discrimination 149:162 The discrimination 145:162 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) 145:210 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 2 9 dep rapid 633:637 arg1 real-time 661:669 real-time 661:669 real-time 661:669 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 9 dep rapid 633:637 arg1 sensitive 647:655 sensitive 647:655 sensitive 647:655 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 10 theme intrinsic 1127:1135 arg1 charge 1137:1142 the intrinsic charge 1123:1142 the intrinsic charge of the analytes 1123:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 0 11 theme effect 81:86 arg1 transistor 88:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor 56:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin 56:142 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 3 12 theme charge 1137:1142 arg1 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 12 theme charge 1137:1142 arg1 formation 1046:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 5 13 theme real 1431:1434 arg1 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 13 theme real 1431:1434 arg1 drug 1458:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug 1428:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen) 1428:1473 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 14 theme enantiomer 1382:1391 arg1 mixture 1393:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 0 15 theme field 75:79 arg1 transistor 88:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor 56:97 a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin 56:142 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 2 16 theme SH-β-CD 558:564 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 5 17 theme world 1436:1440 arg1 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 17 theme world 1436:1440 arg1 drug 1458:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug 1428:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen) 1428:1473 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 3 18 theme work 894:897 arg1 function 899:906 the changed work function 882:906 the changed work function of the top electrode 882:927 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 1 19 theme identical 269:277 arg1 charge 279:284 exactly identical charge 261:284 exactly identical charge 261:284 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 2 20 theme effect 484:489 arg1 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 20 theme effect 484:489 arg1 transistor 491:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor 461:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 461:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 21 theme Well-defined 718:729 arg1 results 739:745 Well-defined sensing results 718:745 Well-defined sensing results 718:745 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 5 22 theme pharmaceutical 1443:1456 arg1 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 22 theme pharmaceutical 1443:1456 arg1 drug 1458:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug 1428:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen) 1428:1473 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 1 23 theme analytes 437:444 arg1 charge 427:432 the intrinsic charge 413:432 the intrinsic charge of analytes 413:444 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 5 24 theme pharmaceutical 1566:1579 arg1 drugs 1581:1585 commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1555:1585 commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1555:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 2 25 theme field 478:482 arg1 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 25 theme field 478:482 arg1 transistor 491:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor 461:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 461:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 1 26 theme working 363:369 arg1 principle 371:379 the working principle 359:379 the working principle of most FET sensors 359:399 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 5 27 theme drug 1458:1461 arg1 mixture 1393:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 3 28 theme complex 1038:1044 arg1 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 28 theme complex 1038:1044 arg1 formation 1046:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 29 theme detection 807:815 arg1 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 29 theme detection 807:815 arg1 concentration 817:829 the lowest detection concentration 796:829 the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 796:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 1 30 theme field 180:184 arg1 FETs 206:209 FETs 206:209 FETs 206:209 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 30 theme field 180:184 arg1 transistors 193:203 field effect transistors 180:203 field effect transistors (FETs) 180:210 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 5 31 theme composition 1330:1340 arg1 dependence 1342:1351 composition dependence 1330:1351 composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1330:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 3 32 with formation 1046:1054 arg1 geometries 1071:1080 different geometries 1061:1080 different geometries for each isomer 1061:1096 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 33 theme top-gate 591:598 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 5 34 theme drugs 1581:1585 arg1 analysis 1543:1550 quantitative chiral analysis 1523:1550 quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1523:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 35 theme " 1441:1441 arg1 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 ibuprofen 1464:1472 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 5 35 theme " 1441:1441 arg1 drug 1458:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug 1428:1461 a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen) 1428:1473 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 3 36 theme changed 886:892 arg1 function 899:906 the changed work function 882:906 the changed work function of the top electrode 882:927 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 1 37 theme effect 186:191 arg1 FETs 206:209 FETs 206:209 FETs 206:209 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 37 theme effect 186:191 arg1 transistors 193:203 field effect transistors 180:203 field effect transistors (FETs) 180:210 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 2 38 theme gold 586:589 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 39 theme target-induced 1009:1022 arg1 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 39 theme target-induced 1009:1022 arg1 formation 1046:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 4 40 theme major 1265:1269 arg1 hurdle 1271:1276 a major hurdle 1263:1276 a major hurdle for FET-based sensors 1263:1298 This proof-of-concept allows chiral resolution even for uncharged enantiomers, which still remains as a major hurdle for FET-based sensors. 30834396 3 41 theme top 915:917 arg1 electrode 919:927 the top electrode 911:927 the top electrode 911:927 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 4 42 theme FET-based 1282:1290 arg1 sensors 1292:1298 FET-based sensors 1282:1298 FET-based sensors 1282:1298 This proof-of-concept allows chiral resolution even for uncharged enantiomers, which still remains as a major hurdle for FET-based sensors. 30834396 0 43 theme thiolated 119:127 arg1 β-cyclodextrin 129:142 thiolated β-cyclodextrin 119:142 thiolated β-cyclodextrin 119:142 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 2 44 with transistor 491:500 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 45 theme rapid 633:637 arg1 discrimination 678:691 rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination 633:691 rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers 633:715 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 46 theme different 1061:1069 arg1 geometries 1071:1080 different geometries 1061:1080 different geometries for each isomer 1061:1096 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 0 47 theme sensitive 9:17 arg1 sensor 40:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 3 48 theme sensing 731:737 arg1 results 739:745 Well-defined sensing results 718:745 Well-defined sensing results 718:745 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 5 49 theme phenylalanine 1404:1416 arg1 mixture 1393:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 the enantiomer mixture 1378:1399 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 3 50 with enantiomers 779:789 arg1 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 50 with enantiomers 779:789 arg1 concentration 817:829 the lowest detection concentration 796:829 the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 796:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 5 51 theme COFET 1513:1517 arg1 potentiality 1493:1504 the potentiality 1489:1504 the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1489:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 0 52 theme chiral 33:38 arg1 sensor 40:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 1 53 theme chiral 296:301 arg1 recognition 303:313 chiral recognition 296:313 chiral recognition 296:313 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 5 54 theme quantitative 1523:1534 arg1 analysis 1543:1550 quantitative chiral analysis 1523:1550 quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1523:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 1 55 theme most 384:387 arg1 sensors 393:399 most FET sensors 384:399 most FET sensors 384:399 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 0 56 theme versatile 23:31 arg1 sensor 40:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor 0:45 A highly sensitive and versatile chiral sensor based on a top-gate organic field effect transistor functionalized with thiolated β-cyclodextrin. 30834396 3 57 theme acidic 772:777 arg1 enantiomers 779:789 diverse acidic enantiomers 764:789 diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 764:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 5 58 theme chiral 1536:1541 arg1 analysis 1543:1550 quantitative chiral analysis 1523:1550 quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs 1523:1585 Furthermore, the COFET shows composition dependence for its response towards the enantiomer mixture of phenylalanine (Phe) and a "real world" pharmaceutical drug (ibuprofen), which proves the potentiality of the COFET for quantitative chiral analysis of commercial pharmaceutical drugs. 30834396 1 59 theme FET 389:391 arg1 sensors 393:399 most FET sensors 384:399 most FET sensors 384:399 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 4 60 theme chiral 1190:1195 arg1 resolution 1197:1206 chiral resolution 1190:1206 chiral resolution 1190:1206 This proof-of-concept allows chiral resolution even for uncharged enantiomers, which still remains as a major hurdle for FET-based sensors. 30834396 3 61 theme diverse 764:770 arg1 enantiomers 779:789 diverse acidic enantiomers 764:789 diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 764:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 1 62 theme sensors 393:399 arg1 principle 371:379 the working principle 359:379 the working principle of most FET sensors 359:399 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 3 63 theme surface 946:952 arg1 potential 954:962 surface potential 946:962 surface potential 946:962 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 64 theme β-cyclodextrin 542:555 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 65 dep concentration 817:829 arg1 varied 939:944 varied 939:944 varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 939:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 65 dep concentration 817:829 arg1 depends 871:877 depends 871:877 depends on the changed work function of the top electrode 871:927 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 66 theme chiral 671:676 arg1 discrimination 678:691 rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination 633:691 rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers 633:715 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 67 theme M. 846:847 arg1 sensing 856:862 10-12 M. Chiral sensing 840:862 10-12 M. Chiral sensing 840:862 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 68 theme CD-enantiomer 1024:1036 arg1 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 independent 1108:1118 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 68 theme CD-enantiomer 1024:1036 arg1 formation 1046:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation 1005:1054 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 69 theme thiolated 532:540 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 4 70 theme uncharged 1217:1225 arg1 enantiomers 1227:1237 uncharged enantiomers 1217:1237 uncharged enantiomers 1217:1237 This proof-of-concept allows chiral resolution even for uncharged enantiomers, which still remains as a major hurdle for FET-based sensors. 30834396 3 71 theme Chiral 849:854 arg1 sensing 856:862 10-12 M. Chiral sensing 840:862 10-12 M. Chiral sensing 840:862 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 72 theme lowest 800:805 arg1 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 72 theme lowest 800:805 arg1 concentration 817:829 the lowest detection concentration 796:829 the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 796:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 73 theme self-assembled 517:530 arg1 electrode 600:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 515:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 3 74 theme sensing 856:862 arg1 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 LDC 832:834 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 74 theme sensing 856:862 arg1 concentration 817:829 the lowest detection concentration 796:829 the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 796:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 75 theme electrode 919:927 arg1 function 899:906 the changed work function 882:906 the changed work function of the top electrode 882:927 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 1 76 theme great 217:221 arg1 challenge 223:231 a great challenge 215:231 a great challenge 215:231 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 76 theme great 217:221 arg1 discrimination 149:162 The discrimination 145:162 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) 145:210 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 2 77 theme organic 470:476 arg1 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 77 theme organic 470:476 arg1 transistor 491:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor 461:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 461:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 1 78 contain possess 253:259 arg2 charge 279:284 exactly identical charge 261:284 exactly identical charge 261:284 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 1 78 contain possess 253:259 arg1 enantiomers 241:251 enantiomers 241:251 enantiomers 241:251 The discrimination of chirality by field effect transistors (FETs) is a great challenge because enantiomers possess exactly identical charge and hence chiral recognition is solely related to spatial effects, while the working principle of most FET sensors is based on the intrinsic charge of analytes. 30834396 3 79 theme gate/solution 971:983 arg1 interface 985:993 the gate/solution interface 967:993 the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes 967:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 3 80 theme analytes 1151:1158 arg1 charge 1137:1142 the intrinsic charge 1123:1142 the intrinsic charge of the analytes 1123:1158 Well-defined sensing results are achieved for diverse acidic enantiomers with the lowest detection concentration (LDC) of 10-12 M. Chiral sensing mostly depends on the changed work function of the top electrode and hence varied surface potential at the gate/solution interface caused by the target-induced CD-enantiomer complex formation with different geometries for each isomer, which is independent of the intrinsic charge of the analytes. 30834396 2 81 theme chiral 463:468 arg1 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 COFET 503:507 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 30834396 2 81 theme chiral 463:468 arg1 transistor 491:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor 461:500 a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode 461:608 In this work, a chiral organic field effect transistor (COFET) with a self-assembled thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) monolayer modified gold top-gate electrode is developed to afford rapid, highly sensitive and real-time chiral discrimination for various enantiomers. 31374155 4 0 theme only 501:504 arg1 phenotypes 514:523 only extreme phenotypes 501:523 only extreme phenotypes 501:523 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 5 1 theme continuing 702:711 arg1 importance 713:722 The continuing importance 698:722 The continuing importance of functional studies to help sort out these challenges 698:778 The continuing importance of functional studies to help sort out these challenges is highlighted. 31374155 4 2 from recognition 486:496 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 2 3 theme structures 270:279 arg1 processes 285:293 processes 285:293 processes 285:293 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 2 3 theme structures 270:279 arg1 structures 270:279 structures 270:279 structures 270:279 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 2 3 theme structures 270:279 arg1 variety 259:265 a variety 257:265 a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis 257:312 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 4 4 theme observed 578:585 arg1 variant 587:593 the observed variant 574:593 the observed variant 574:593 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 5 theme ascertainment 447:459 arg1 bias 461:464 ascertainment bias 447:464 ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 447:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 6 theme patterns 646:653 arg1 recognition 486:496 the recognition 482:496 the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 482:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 5 7 theme functional 727:736 arg1 studies 738:744 functional studies 727:744 functional studies 727:744 The continuing importance of functional studies to help sort out these challenges is highlighted. 31374155 4 8 from patterns 646:653 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 3 9 theme such 416:419 arg1 challenges 421:430 such challenges 416:430 such challenges 416:430 Studies by Himmelreich and by Ng and their coworkers are discussed as they exemplify the extremes of such challenges. 31374155 5 10 theme studies 738:744 arg1 importance 713:722 The continuing importance 698:722 The continuing importance of functional studies to help sort out these challenges 698:778 The continuing importance of functional studies to help sort out these challenges is highlighted. 31374155 1 11 theme congenital 78:87 arg1 disorders 89:97 The congenital disorders 74:97 The congenital disorders of glycosylation 74:114 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 11 theme congenital 78:87 arg1 group 130:134 a diverse group 120:134 a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 120:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 11 theme congenital 78:87 arg1 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 12 theme common 169:174 arg1 challenges 187:196 both common and unique challenges 164:196 both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 164:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 0 13 theme Congenital 0:9 arg1 disorders 11:19 Congenital disorders 0:19 Congenital disorders of glycosylation 0:36 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 0 14 theme glycosylation 24:36 arg1 challenge 46:54 the challenge 42:54 the challenge of rare diseases 42:71 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 0 14 theme glycosylation 24:36 arg1 disorders 11:19 Congenital disorders 0:19 Congenital disorders of glycosylation 0:36 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 4 15 theme classification 534:547 arg1 recognition 486:496 the recognition 482:496 the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 482:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 2 16 theme processes 285:293 arg1 processes 285:293 processes 285:293 processes 285:293 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 2 16 theme processes 285:293 arg1 structures 270:279 structures 270:279 structures 270:279 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 2 16 theme processes 285:293 arg1 variety 259:265 a variety 257:265 a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis 257:312 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 1 17 theme unique 180:185 arg1 challenges 187:196 both common and unique challenges 164:196 both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 164:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 4 18 from classification 534:547 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 1 19 theme glycosylation 102:114 arg1 disorders 89:97 The congenital disorders 74:97 The congenital disorders of glycosylation 74:114 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 19 theme glycosylation 102:114 arg1 group 130:134 a diverse group 120:134 a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 120:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 19 theme glycosylation 102:114 arg1 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 4 20 from methodology 618:628 arg1 recognition 486:496 the recognition 482:496 the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 482:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 21 theme glycan 611:616 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 3 22 theme challenges 421:430 arg1 extremes 404:411 the extremes 400:411 the extremes of such challenges 400:430 Studies by Himmelreich and by Ng and their coworkers are discussed as they exemplify the extremes of such challenges. 31374155 4 23 theme phenotypes 514:523 arg1 recognition 486:496 the recognition 482:496 the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 482:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 24 from phenotypes 514:523 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 25 theme extreme 506:512 arg1 phenotypes 514:523 only extreme phenotypes 501:523 only extreme phenotypes 501:523 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 26 from limitations 596:606 arg1 methodology 618:628 glycan methodology 611:628 glycan methodology 611:628 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 27 theme variant 526:532 arg1 classification 534:547 variant classification 526:547 variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant 526:593 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 4 28 theme tissue 685:690 arg1 type 692:695 tissue type 685:695 tissue type 685:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 2 29 from variety 259:265 arg1 synthesis 304:312 their synthesis 298:312 their synthesis 298:312 These disorders affect a variety of structures and processes in their synthesis. 31374155 1 30 from challenges 187:196 arg1 diagnosis 205:213 the diagnosis 201:213 the diagnosis of rare disorders 201:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 31 theme diverse 122:128 arg1 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 31 theme diverse 122:128 arg1 group 130:134 a diverse group 120:134 a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 120:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 31 theme diverse 122:128 arg1 disorders 89:97 The congenital disorders 74:97 The congenital disorders of glycosylation 74:114 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 4 32 theme variant 587:593 arg1 rarity 564:569 the rarity 560:569 the rarity of the observed variant 560:593 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 0 33 theme diseases 64:71 arg1 challenge 46:54 the challenge 42:54 the challenge of rare diseases 42:71 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 0 33 theme diseases 64:71 arg1 disorders 11:19 Congenital disorders 0:19 Congenital disorders of glycosylation 0:36 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 4 34 theme expression 635:644 arg1 patterns 646:653 expression patterns 635:653 expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 635:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 1 35 theme rare 218:221 arg1 disorders 223:231 rare disorders 218:231 rare disorders 218:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 0 36 theme rare 59:62 arg1 diseases 64:71 rare diseases 59:71 rare diseases 59:71 Congenital disorders of glycosylation and the challenge of rare diseases. 31374155 4 37 theme limitations 596:606 arg1 recognition 486:496 the recognition 482:496 the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type 482:695 These include ascertainment bias associated with the recognition of only extreme phenotypes, variant classification limited by the rarity of the observed variant, limitations in glycan methodology, and expression patterns that can change with time and tissue type. 31374155 1 38 theme disorders 139:147 arg1 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 disorders 139:147 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 38 theme disorders 139:147 arg1 group 130:134 a diverse group 120:134 a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders 120:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 38 theme disorders 139:147 arg1 disorders 89:97 The congenital disorders 74:97 The congenital disorders of glycosylation 74:114 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 31374155 1 39 theme disorders 223:231 arg1 diagnosis 205:213 the diagnosis 201:213 the diagnosis of rare disorders 201:231 The congenital disorders of glycosylation are a diverse group of disorders, which present both common and unique challenges in the diagnosis of rare disorders. 30060488 1 0 theme fruit 325:329 arg1 qualities 331:339 fruit qualities 325:339 fruit qualities 325:339 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 2 1 from response 400:407 arg1 plants 412:417 plants 412:417 plants 412:417 COS are widely used in agriculture to improve the defense response in plants. 30060488 3 2 theme treatment 481:489 arg1 effect 491:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect 465:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 465:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 7 3 theme C 1235:1235 arg1 content 1237:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 9 4 theme pre-harvest 1541:1551 arg1 application 1553:1563 pre-harvest application 1541:1563 pre-harvest application of COS 1541:1570 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 5 5 theme Uniform 816:822 arg1 size 824:827 Uniform size 816:827 Uniform size 816:827 Uniform size, shape, color, without any visible damage, and disease-free fruits were harvested for determining the quality. 30060488 8 6 theme gene 1389:1392 arg1 expression 1394:1403 gene expression 1389:1403 gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation 1389:1498 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 4 7 from red 795:797 arg1 fruit 775:779 fruit 775:779 fruit from white to red 775:797 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 7 from red 795:797 arg1 stage 766:770 the stage 762:770 the stage of fruit from white to red 762:797 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 3 8 from effect 491:496 arg1 quality 512:518 the quality 508:518 the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 508:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 8 9 theme cell 1353:1356 arg1 composition 1363:1373 the cell wall composition 1349:1373 the cell wall composition 1349:1373 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 4 10 theme plants 697:702 arg1 stage 721:725 seedling stage 712:725 seedling stage 712:725 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 10 theme plants 697:702 arg1 stages 676:681 four different growth stages 654:681 four different growth stages 654:681 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 11 theme distilled 591:599 arg1 water 601:605 distilled water 591:605 distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 591:637 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 6 12 theme acidity 1056:1062 arg1 content 1064:1070 titratable acidity content 1045:1070 titratable acidity content 1045:1070 The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. 30060488 4 13 theme seedling 712:719 arg1 stage 721:725 seedling stage 712:725 seedling stage 712:725 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 13 theme seedling 712:719 arg1 stages 676:681 four different growth stages 654:681 four different growth stages 654:681 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 7 14 theme scavenging 1285:1294 arg1 activity 1296:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 9 15 theme COS 1568:1570 arg1 application 1553:1563 pre-harvest application 1541:1563 pre-harvest application of COS 1541:1570 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 2 16 used used 357:360 arg2 COS 342:344 COS 342:344 COS 342:344 COS are widely used in agriculture to improve the defense response in plants. 30060488 1 17 theme Chitosan 86:93 arg1 COS 112:114 COS 112:114 COS 112:114 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 17 theme Chitosan 86:93 arg1 oligosaccharide 95:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide 86:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) 86:115 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 17 theme Chitosan 86:93 arg1 elicitor 208:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 6 18 theme fruit 968:972 arg1 firmness 974:981 the fruit firmness 964:981 the fruit firmness 964:981 The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. 30060488 4 19 dep coloring 752:759 arg1 stage 766:770 the stage 762:770 the stage of fruit from white to red 762:797 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 20 dep red 795:797 arg1 to 792:793 to 792:793 to 792:793 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 8 21 theme enzymes 1423:1429 arg1 expression 1394:1403 gene expression 1389:1403 gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation 1389:1498 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 4 22 theme fruit 775:779 arg1 stage 766:770 the stage 762:770 the stage of fruit from white to red 762:797 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 5 23 theme disease-free 876:887 arg1 fruits 889:894 disease-free fruits 876:894 disease-free fruits 876:894 Uniform size, shape, color, without any visible damage, and disease-free fruits were harvested for determining the quality. 30060488 7 24 contain had 1164:1166 arg1 treatment 1154:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 24 contain had 1164:1166 arg2 effect 1179:1184 a positive effect 1168:1184 a positive effect 1168:1184 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 25 theme positive 1170:1177 arg1 effect 1179:1184 a positive effect 1168:1184 a positive effect 1168:1184 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 9 26 theme strawberry 1637:1646 arg1 quality 1601:1607 quality 1601:1607 quality 1601:1607 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 9 26 theme strawberry 1637:1646 arg1 capacity 1625:1632 antioxidant capacity 1613:1632 antioxidant capacity 1613:1632 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 3 27 theme Fragaria 535:542 arg1 cv.qingxiang 555:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 3 27 theme Fragaria 535:542 arg1 strawberry 523:532 strawberry 523:532 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 523:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 4 28 from concentration 612:624 arg1 water 601:605 distilled water 591:605 distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 591:637 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 29 theme mg·L-1 632:637 arg1 concentration 612:624 a concentration 610:624 a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 610:637 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 0 30 theme Pre-Harvest 0:10 arg1 Treatment 12:20 Pre-Harvest Treatment 0:20 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides 0:49 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. 30060488 3 31 theme × 544:544 arg1 cv.qingxiang 555:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 3 31 theme × 544:544 arg1 strawberry 523:532 strawberry 523:532 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 523:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 7 32 theme total 1202:1206 arg1 phenol 1208:1213 total phenol 1202:1213 total phenol 1202:1213 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 0 33 theme Chitosan 25:32 arg1 Oligosaccharides 34:49 Chitosan Oligosaccharides 25:49 Chitosan Oligosaccharides 25:49 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. 30060488 3 34 theme strawberry 523:532 arg1 quality 512:518 the quality 508:518 the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 508:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 1 35 theme effective 183:191 arg1 oligosaccharide 95:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide 86:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) 86:115 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 35 theme effective 183:191 arg1 elicitor 208:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 4 36 theme strawberry 686:695 arg1 plants 697:702 strawberry plants 686:702 strawberry plants 686:702 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 8 37 theme compound 1452:1459 arg1 biosynthesis 1461:1472 ethylene compound biosynthesis 1443:1472 ethylene compound biosynthesis 1443:1472 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 1 38 from water 254:258 arg1 soluble 243:249 soluble 243:249 soluble 243:249 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 5 39 theme visible 856:862 arg1 damage 864:869 any visible damage 852:869 any visible damage 852:869 Uniform size, shape, color, without any visible damage, and disease-free fruits were harvested for determining the quality. 30060488 1 40 theme plant 193:197 arg1 oligosaccharide 95:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide 86:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) 86:115 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 40 theme plant 193:197 arg1 elicitor 208:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 41 theme several 276:282 arg1 metabolites 294:304 several secondary metabolites 276:304 several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities 276:339 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 42 theme immunity 199:206 arg1 oligosaccharide 95:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide 86:109 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) 86:115 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 42 theme immunity 199:206 arg1 elicitor 208:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 an effective plant immunity elicitor 180:215 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 7 43 theme DPPH 1249:1252 arg1 activity 1296:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 2 44 theme defense 392:398 arg1 response 400:407 the defense response 388:407 the defense response in plants 388:417 COS are widely used in agriculture to improve the defense response in plants. 30060488 0 45 theme Oligosaccharides 34:49 arg1 Treatment 12:20 Pre-Harvest Treatment 0:20 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides 0:49 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. 30060488 1 46 theme secondary 284:292 arg1 metabolites 294:304 several secondary metabolites 276:304 several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities 276:339 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 1 47 from soluble 243:249 arg1 water 254:258 water 254:258 water 254:258 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 0 48 theme Fruit 71:75 arg1 Quality 77:83 Strawberry Fruit Quality 60:83 Strawberry Fruit Quality 60:83 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. 30060488 1 49 theme metabolites 294:304 arg1 content 306:312 several secondary metabolites content 276:312 several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities 276:339 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 9 50 theme antioxidant 1613:1623 arg1 capacity 1625:1632 antioxidant capacity 1613:1632 antioxidant capacity 1613:1632 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 3 51 theme ananassa 546:553 arg1 cv.qingxiang 555:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang 535:566 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 3 51 theme ananassa 546:553 arg1 strawberry 523:532 strawberry 523:532 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 523:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 4 52 from stage 766:770 arg1 red 795:797 red 795:797 red 795:797 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 53 theme growth 669:674 arg1 stage 721:725 seedling stage 712:725 seedling stage 712:725 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 53 theme growth 669:674 arg1 stages 676:681 four different growth stages 654:681 four different growth stages 654:681 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 0 54 theme Strawberry 60:69 arg1 Quality 77:83 Strawberry Fruit Quality 60:83 Strawberry Fruit Quality 60:83 Pre-Harvest Treatment of Chitosan Oligosaccharides Improved Strawberry Fruit Quality. 30060488 8 55 theme wall 1483:1486 arg1 degradation 1488:1498 cell wall degradation 1478:1498 cell wall degradation 1478:1498 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 8 56 theme ethylene 1443:1450 arg1 biosynthesis 1461:1472 ethylene compound biosynthesis 1443:1472 ethylene compound biosynthesis 1443:1472 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 3 57 theme pre-harvest 469:479 arg1 effect 491:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect 465:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 465:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 8 58 theme important 1413:1421 arg1 enzymes 1423:1429 some important enzymes 1408:1429 some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation 1408:1498 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 8 59 theme cell 1478:1481 arg1 degradation 1488:1498 cell wall degradation 1478:1498 cell wall degradation 1478:1498 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 7 60 theme vitamin 1227:1233 arg1 content 1237:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 61 theme pre-harvest 1142:1152 arg1 treatment 1154:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 62 theme 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl 1254:1282 arg1 activity 1296:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 63 theme strawberry 1308:1317 arg1 flavonoid 1216:1224 flavonoid 1216:1224 flavonoid 1216:1224 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 63 theme strawberry 1308:1317 arg1 anthocyanin 1189:1199 anthocyanin 1189:1199 anthocyanin 1189:1199 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 63 theme strawberry 1308:1317 arg1 phenol 1208:1213 total phenol 1202:1213 total phenol 1202:1213 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 63 theme strawberry 1308:1317 arg1 activity 1296:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity 1249:1303 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 7 63 theme strawberry 1308:1317 arg1 content 1237:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 vitamin C content 1227:1243 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 6 64 theme COS-treated 1085:1095 arg1 fruits 1097:1102 COS-treated fruits 1085:1102 COS-treated fruits 1085:1102 The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. 30060488 7 65 theme COS 1138:1140 arg1 treatment 1154:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 COS pre-harvest treatment 1138:1162 In addition, COS pre-harvest treatment had a positive effect on anthocyanin, total phenol, flavonoid, vitamin C content and DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity of strawberry. 30060488 8 66 theme wall 1358:1361 arg1 composition 1363:1373 the cell wall composition 1349:1373 the cell wall composition 1349:1373 Moreover, COS also increased the cell wall composition and regulated gene expression of some important enzymes involved in ethylene compound biosynthesis and cell wall degradation. 30060488 9 67 theme study 1521:1525 arg1 finding 1505:1511 The finding 1501:1511 The finding of this study 1501:1525 The finding of this study suggests that pre-harvest application of COS is very useful for improving quality and antioxidant capacity of strawberry. 30060488 3 68 theme study 440:444 arg1 purpose 424:430 The purpose 420:430 The purpose of this study 420:444 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 1 69 theme chitosan 148:155 arg1 hydrolysis 134:143 hydrolysis 134:143 hydrolysis of chitosan 134:155 Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived through hydrolysis of chitosan, has been proved to be an effective plant immunity elicitor, eco-friendly, and easily soluble in water, and influenced several secondary metabolites content to improve fruit qualities. 30060488 6 70 theme titratable 1045:1054 arg1 content 1064:1070 titratable acidity content 1045:1070 titratable acidity content 1045:1070 The results showed that the fruit firmness, viscosity, lignin, sugars, protein, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity content increased in COS-treated fruits compared to control. 30060488 4 71 theme fruit 746:750 arg1 coloring 752:759 fruit coloring 746:759 fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) 746:798 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 3 72 theme COS 501:503 arg1 effect 491:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect 465:496 the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang) 465:567 The purpose of this study was to investigate the pre-harvest treatment effect of COS on the quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv.qingxiang). 30060488 4 73 theme different 659:667 arg1 stage 721:725 seedling stage 712:725 seedling stage 712:725 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 30060488 4 73 theme different 659:667 arg1 stages 676:681 four different growth stages 654:681 four different growth stages 654:681 COS was dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 50 mg·L-1 and sprayed at four different growth stages of strawberry plants, namely seedling stage, before flowering, fruit coloring (the stage of fruit from white to red) and full bloom. 31047050 6 0 theme pseudo-second 988:1000 arg1 kinetics 1008:1015 the pseudo-second order kinetics 984:1015 the pseudo-second order kinetics 984:1015 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 7 1 theme other 1065:1069 arg1 ions 1083:1086 other competitive ions 1065:1086 other competitive ions 1065:1086 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 4 2 theme @ 636:636 arg1 composite 646:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 0 3 theme aqueous 91:97 arg1 medium 99:104 aqueous medium 91:104 aqueous medium 91:104 Chitosan-Fe-Al-Mn metal oxyhydroxides composite as highly efficient fluoride scavenger for aqueous medium. 31047050 7 4 theme significant 1043:1053 arg1 effect 1055:1060 No significant effect 1040:1060 No significant effect of other competitive ions 1040:1086 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 4 5 theme Fe-Al-Mn 628:635 arg1 composite 646:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 7 6 theme @ 1132:1132 arg1 composite 1142:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 3 7 theme co-precipitation 580:595 arg1 method 597:602 co-precipitation method 580:602 co-precipitation method 580:602 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 8 8 theme contaminated 1242:1253 arg1 groundwater 1255:1265 fluoride contaminated groundwater 1233:1265 fluoride contaminated groundwater 1233:1265 The composite adsorbent is found to be effective to produce drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater. 31047050 8 9 theme fluoride 1233:1240 arg1 groundwater 1255:1265 fluoride contaminated groundwater 1233:1265 fluoride contaminated groundwater 1233:1265 The composite adsorbent is found to be effective to produce drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater. 31047050 3 10 theme available 522:530 arg1 clay 541:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 5 11 theme mg/g 826:829 arg1 capacity 807:814 maximum adsorption capacity 788:814 maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g 788:829 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 1 12 theme efficient 133:141 arg1 adsorbents 152:161 highly efficient fluoride adsorbents 126:161 highly efficient fluoride adsorbents 126:161 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 1 12 theme efficient 133:141 arg1 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 5 13 theme composite 877:885 arg1 fraction 865:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction 838:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite 838:885 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 2 14 theme oxyhydroxides 296:308 arg1 nano-particles 310:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles 283:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles 283:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles were prepared into a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan to overcome these problems. 31047050 3 15 theme @ 481:481 arg1 chitosan 482:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 15 theme @ 481:481 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 16 theme loaded 446:451 arg1 chitosan 482:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 16 theme loaded 446:451 arg1 oxyhydroxides 431:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 16 theme loaded 446:451 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 6 17 theme Fe-Al-Mn 957:964 arg1 chitosan 966:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 5 18 theme inorganic 850:858 arg1 fraction 865:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction 838:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite 838:885 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 2 19 theme Mixed-metals 283:294 arg1 nano-particles 310:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles 283:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles 283:323 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles were prepared into a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan to overcome these problems. 31047050 7 20 located observed 1092:1099 arg2 effect 1055:1060 No significant effect 1040:1060 No significant effect of other competitive ions 1040:1086 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 7 20 located observed 1092:1099 arg1 adsorption 1107:1116 F- adsorption 1104:1116 F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1104:1150 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 3 21 theme mixed-metal 419:429 arg1 oxyhydroxides 431:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 21 theme mixed-metal 419:429 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 2 22 theme natural 346:352 arg1 matrix 364:369 a natural polymeric matrix 344:369 a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan 344:381 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles were prepared into a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan to overcome these problems. 31047050 6 23 theme @ 965:965 arg1 chitosan 966:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 1 24 theme high 200:203 arg1 activity 213:220 their high surface activity 194:220 their high surface activity 194:220 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 5 25 theme adsorption 796:805 arg1 capacity 807:814 maximum adsorption capacity 788:814 maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g 788:829 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 4 26 theme Fluoride 605:612 arg1 removal 614:620 Fluoride removal 605:620 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 605:654 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 4 27 from adsorption 717:726 arg1 sites 753:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 3 28 theme Fe-Al-Mn 473:480 arg1 chitosan 482:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 28 theme Fe-Al-Mn 473:480 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 6 29 from adsorption 943:952 arg1 chitosan 966:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 957:973 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 3 30 theme Hydrous 411:417 arg1 oxyhydroxides 431:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 30 theme Hydrous 411:417 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 7 31 theme chitosan 1133:1140 arg1 composite 1142:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 5 32 theme maximum 788:794 arg1 capacity 807:814 maximum adsorption capacity 788:814 maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g 788:829 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 3 33 theme chitosan 453:460 arg1 chitosan 482:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 473:489 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 33 theme chitosan 453:460 arg1 oxyhydroxides 431:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides 411:443 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 33 theme chitosan 453:460 arg1 composite 462:470 loaded chitosan composite 446:470 loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) 446:490 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 1 34 from medium 265:270 arg1 separate 243:250 separate 243:250 separate 243:250 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 6 35 theme Fluoride 934:941 arg1 adsorption 943:952 Fluoride adsorption 934:952 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 934:973 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 1 36 theme surface 205:211 arg1 activity 213:220 their high surface activity 194:220 their high surface activity 194:220 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 4 37 theme heterogeneous 731:743 arg1 sites 753:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 5 38 theme mass 860:863 arg1 fraction 865:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction 838:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite 838:885 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 4 39 theme multilayer 706:715 arg1 adsorption 717:726 multilayer adsorption 706:726 multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites 706:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 0 40 theme fluoride 68:75 arg1 scavenger 77:85 highly efficient fluoride scavenger 51:85 highly efficient fluoride scavenger for aqueous medium 51:104 Chitosan-Fe-Al-Mn metal oxyhydroxides composite as highly efficient fluoride scavenger for aqueous medium. 31047050 6 41 theme rapid 1022:1026 arg1 adsorption 1028:1037 rapid adsorption 1022:1037 rapid adsorption 1022:1037 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 7 42 theme Fe-Al-Mn 1124:1131 arg1 composite 1142:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1124:1150 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 2 43 theme chitosan 374:381 arg1 matrix 364:369 a natural polymeric matrix 344:369 a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan 344:381 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles were prepared into a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan to overcome these problems. 31047050 7 44 theme F- 1104:1105 arg1 adsorption 1107:1116 F- adsorption 1104:1116 F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 1104:1150 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 3 45 theme laterite 532:539 arg1 clay 541:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 0 46 theme efficient 58:66 arg1 scavenger 77:85 highly efficient fluoride scavenger 51:85 highly efficient fluoride scavenger for aqueous medium 51:104 Chitosan-Fe-Al-Mn metal oxyhydroxides composite as highly efficient fluoride scavenger for aqueous medium. 31047050 5 47 theme Fe-Al-Mn 760:767 arg1 chitosan 769:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 760:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 760:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 8 48 from groundwater 1255:1265 arg1 water 1222:1226 drinking water 1213:1226 drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater 1213:1265 The composite adsorbent is found to be effective to produce drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater. 31047050 1 49 theme fluoride 143:150 arg1 adsorbents 152:161 highly efficient fluoride adsorbents 126:161 highly efficient fluoride adsorbents 126:161 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 1 49 theme fluoride 143:150 arg1 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles 107:120 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 31047050 5 50 theme @ 768:768 arg1 chitosan 769:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 760:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan 760:776 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 4 51 theme surface 745:751 arg1 sites 753:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 heterogeneous surface sites 731:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 4 52 theme Freundlich 665:674 arg1 model 685:689 Freundlich isotherm model 665:689 Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites 665:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 7 53 theme competitive 1071:1081 arg1 ions 1083:1086 other competitive ions 1065:1086 other competitive ions 1065:1086 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 2 54 theme polymeric 354:362 arg1 matrix 364:369 a natural polymeric matrix 344:369 a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan 344:381 Mixed-metals oxyhydroxides nano-particles were prepared into a natural polymeric matrix of chitosan to overcome these problems. 31047050 8 55 theme drinking 1213:1220 arg1 water 1222:1226 drinking water 1213:1226 drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater 1213:1265 The composite adsorbent is found to be effective to produce drinking water from fluoride contaminated groundwater. 31047050 7 56 theme ions 1083:1086 arg1 effect 1055:1060 No significant effect 1040:1060 No significant effect of other competitive ions 1040:1086 No significant effect of other competitive ions was observed on F- adsorption using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite. 31047050 4 57 theme chitosan 637:644 arg1 composite 646:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite 628:654 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 5 58 theme if 838:839 arg1 fraction 865:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction 838:872 if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite 838:885 Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan exhibited maximum adsorption capacity of 40±0.5 mg/g, while if only the inorganic mass fraction of composite was considered; the value reached 55±0.5 mg/g. 31047050 6 59 theme order 1002:1006 arg1 kinetics 1008:1015 the pseudo-second order kinetics 984:1015 the pseudo-second order kinetics 984:1015 Fluoride adsorption on Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan followed the pseudo-second order kinetics with rapid adsorption. 31047050 4 60 theme isotherm 676:683 arg1 model 685:689 Freundlich isotherm model 665:689 Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites 665:757 Fluoride removal using Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan composite followed Freundlich isotherm model which revealed multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface sites. 31047050 3 61 theme steel 561:565 arg1 industry 567:574 steel industry 561:574 steel industry 561:574 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 62 from industry 567:574 arg1 waste 550:554 waste 550:554 waste 550:554 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 3 62 from industry 567:574 arg1 clay 541:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 abundantly available laterite clay 511:544 Hydrous mixed-metal oxyhydroxides, loaded chitosan composite (Fe-Al-Mn@chitosan) was prepared using abundantly available laterite clay and waste from steel industry via co-precipitation method. 31047050 1 63 theme aqueous 257:263 arg1 medium 265:270 aqueous medium 257:270 aqueous medium 257:270 Nano-particles are highly efficient fluoride adsorbents, but agglomerate easily due to their high surface activity and are difficult to separate from aqueous medium after use. 29387950 8 0 theme wide 1178:1181 arg1 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 0 theme wide 1178:1181 arg1 range 1198:1202 wide linear dynamic range 1178:1202 wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol) 1178:1276 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 4 1 theme binding 599:605 arg1 sites 607:611 Specific binding sites 590:611 Specific binding sites (sugar chains) 590:626 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 4 1 theme binding 599:605 arg1 chains 620:625 sugar chains 614:625 sugar chains 614:625 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 6 2 theme PCS 863:865 arg1 response 851:858 The sensing response 839:858 The sensing response of PCS 839:865 The sensing response of PCS was measured by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte). 29387950 2 3 theme simple 350:355 arg1 sensor 390:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 8 4 theme dynamic 1190:1196 arg1 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 4 theme dynamic 1190:1196 arg1 range 1198:1202 wide linear dynamic range 1178:1202 wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol) 1178:1276 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 10 5 from cholesterol 1636:1646 arg1 milk 1655:1658 cow milk 1651:1658 cow milk 1651:1658 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 2 6 theme " 301:301 arg1 application 267:277 the application 263:277 the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 263:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 9 7 theme Analytical 1387:1396 arg1 specificity 1398:1408 Analytical specificity 1387:1408 Analytical specificity 1387:1408 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 12 8 theme Graphical 1949:1957 arg1 abstract 1959:1966 Graphical abstract 1949:1966 Graphical abstract 1949:1966 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 12 9 theme carbon 2034:2039 arg1 electrode 2057:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 3 10 theme integrated 437:446 arg1 nano-morphology 448:462 integrated nano-morphology 437:462 integrated nano-morphology 437:462 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 4 11 theme electron 674:681 arg1 transfer 683:690 fast electron transfer 669:690 fast electron transfer 669:690 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 10 12 theme model 1671:1675 arg1 sample 1682:1687 a model real sample 1669:1687 a model real sample 1669:1687 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 1 13 theme many 197:200 arg1 technologies 202:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 13 theme many 197:200 arg1 materials 155:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 13 theme many 197:200 arg1 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 6 14 theme 0.1 M 925:929 arg1 chronoamperometry 906:922 chronoamperometry 906:922 chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte) 906:967 The sensing response of PCS was measured by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte). 29387950 6 14 theme 0.1 M 925:929 arg1 PBS-5 931:935 0.1 M PBS-5 925:935 0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte 925:966 The sensing response of PCS was measured by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte). 29387950 4 15 theme electro-catalytic 636:652 arg1 properties 654:663 better electro-catalytic properties 629:663 better electro-catalytic properties 629:663 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 0 16 theme cow 130:132 arg1 milk 134:137 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 2 17 theme carbon 312:317 arg1 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 2 17 theme carbon 312:317 arg1 electrode 325:333 modified carbon paste electrode 303:333 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 282:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 8 18 theme upper 1221:1225 arg1 limit 1227:1231 upper limit 1221:1231 upper limit 1221:1231 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 11 19 theme linear 1744:1749 arg1 response 1751:1758 a linear response 1742:1758 a linear response towards cholesterol 1742:1778 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 5 20 theme infrared 752:759 arg1 spectra 761:767 infrared spectra 752:767 infrared spectra 752:767 Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material. 29387950 9 21 theme cholesterol 1447:1457 arg1 estimation 1459:1468 cholesterol estimation 1447:1468 cholesterol estimation 1447:1468 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 8 22 theme high 1279:1282 arg1 sensitivity 1284:1294 high sensitivity 1279:1294 high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2) 1279:1312 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 22 theme high 1279:1282 arg1 μAmM-1 cm-2 1301:1311 800 μAmM-1 cm-2 1297:1311 800 μAmM-1 cm-2 1297:1311 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 12 23 theme capillary 2047:2055 arg1 electrode 2057:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 7 24 theme peak 1069:1072 arg1 current 1074:1080 peak current 1069:1080 peak current (cathodic and anodic) 1069:1102 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 11 25 theme cholesterol 1922:1932 arg1 device 1941:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 12 26 theme cholesterol 2000:2010 arg1 response 1988:1995 voltammetric response 1975:1995 voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 1975:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 5 27 theme cholesterol 798:808 arg1 interaction 783:793 the interaction 779:793 the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material 779:836 Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material. 29387950 11 28 theme low-cost 1902:1909 arg1 device 1941:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 7 29 theme test 1016:1019 arg1 solution 1021:1028 the test solution 1012:1028 the test solution 1012:1028 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 4 30 theme cholesterol 721:731 arg1 oxidation 708:716 the oxidation 704:716 the oxidation of cholesterol 704:731 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 11 31 theme sensing 1695:1701 arg1 sensitive 1722:1730 sensitive 1722:1730 sensitive 1722:1730 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 11 31 theme sensing 1695:1701 arg1 platform 1703:1710 The sensing platform 1691:1710 The sensing platform 1691:1710 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 8 32 theme detection 1319:1327 arg1 limit 1329:1333 low detection limit 1315:1333 low detection limit (0.01 mM) 1315:1343 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 32 theme detection 1319:1327 arg1 0.01 mM 1336:1342 0.01 mM 1336:1342 0.01 mM 1336:1342 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 11 33 dep shows 1736:1740 arg1 promising 1867:1875 promising 1867:1875 promising 1867:1875 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 7 34 theme cholesterol 987:997 arg1 amount 977:982 the amount 973:982 the amount of cholesterol 973:997 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 7 34 theme cholesterol 987:997 arg1 cholesterol 987:997 cholesterol 987:997 cholesterol 987:997 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 9 35 theme analytes 1516:1523 arg1 response 1493:1500 the response 1489:1500 the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid) 1489:1578 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 12 36 theme paste 2041:2045 arg1 electrode 2057:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 0 37 theme sample 122:127 arg1 milk 134:137 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 9 38 theme ascorbic 1526:1533 arg1 analytes 1516:1523 some other analytes 1505:1523 some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid) 1505:1578 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 38 theme ascorbic 1526:1533 arg1 acid 1535:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 10 39 theme novel 1586:1590 arg1 sensor 1592:1597 This novel sensor 1581:1597 This novel sensor 1581:1597 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 0 40 theme Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch 0:24 arg1 electrode 48:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode 0:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 0:139 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 11 41 dep additional redox 1798:1813 arg1 mediator 1815:1822 mediator 1815:1822 mediator 1815:1822 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 8 42 theme shorter 1349:1355 arg1 time 1366:1369 shorter response time 1349:1369 shorter response time (within 4-6 s) 1349:1384 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 0 43 theme carbon 35:40 arg1 electrode 48:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode 0:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 0:139 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 11 44 theme sensor 1934:1939 arg1 device 1941:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 3 45 theme novel 403:407 arg1 material 424:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 10 46 dep estimate 1627:1634 arg1 used 1661:1664 used 1661:1664 used as a model real sample 1661:1687 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 0 47 theme non-enzymatic 62:74 arg1 detection 76:84 non-enzymatic detection 62:84 non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol 62:99 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 8 48 theme experimental 1122:1133 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the normal experimental conditions 1111:1144 the normal experimental conditions 1111:1144 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 6 49 theme cyclic 883:888 arg1 voltammetry 890:900 cyclic voltammetry 883:900 cyclic voltammetry 883:900 The sensing response of PCS was measured by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte). 29387950 2 50 theme PANI/MWCNTs/Starch 283:300 arg1 " 301:301 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) 282:343 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 282:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 11 51 theme device 1941:1946 arg1 realization 1885:1895 the realization 1881:1895 the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1881:1946 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 4 52 theme sugar 614:618 arg1 sites 607:611 Specific binding sites 590:611 Specific binding sites (sugar chains) 590:626 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 4 52 theme sugar 614:618 arg1 chains 620:625 sugar chains 614:625 sugar chains 614:625 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 2 53 theme sensitive 368:376 arg1 sensor 390:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 8 54 theme developed 1151:1159 arg1 sensor 1161:1166 the developed sensor 1147:1166 the developed sensor 1147:1166 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 12 55 theme voltammetric 1975:1986 arg1 response 1988:1995 voltammetric response 1975:1995 voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 1975:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 4 56 theme Specific 590:597 arg1 sites 607:611 Specific binding sites 590:611 Specific binding sites (sugar chains) 590:626 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 4 56 theme Specific 590:597 arg1 chains 620:625 sugar chains 614:625 sugar chains 614:625 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 2 57 theme modified 303:310 arg1 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 2 57 theme modified 303:310 arg1 electrode 325:333 modified carbon paste electrode 303:333 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 282:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 8 58 theme linear 1183:1188 arg1 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 5 mM 1214:1217 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 58 theme linear 1183:1188 arg1 range 1198:1202 wide linear dynamic range 1178:1202 wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol) 1178:1276 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 3 59 contain has 433:435 arg1 material 424:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 3 59 contain has 433:435 arg2 nano-morphology 448:462 integrated nano-morphology 437:462 integrated nano-morphology 437:462 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 12 60 theme composite 2015:2023 arg1 electrode 2057:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 7 61 dep current 1074:1080 arg1 anodic 1096:1101 anodic 1096:1101 anodic 1096:1101 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 7 61 dep current 1074:1080 arg1 cathodic 1083:1090 cathodic 1083:1090 cathodic 1083:1090 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 6 62 theme sensing 843:849 arg1 response 851:858 The sensing response 839:858 The sensing response of PCS 839:865 The sensing response of PCS was measured by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry (0.1 M PBS-5 used as supporting electrolyte). 29387950 10 63 theme real 1677:1680 arg1 sample 1682:1687 a model real sample 1669:1687 a model real sample 1669:1687 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 1 64 theme revolutionizing 181:195 arg1 technologies 202:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 64 theme revolutionizing 181:195 arg1 materials 155:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 64 theme revolutionizing 181:195 arg1 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 4 65 theme fast 669:672 arg1 transfer 683:690 fast electron transfer 669:690 fast electron transfer 669:690 Specific binding sites (sugar chains), better electro-catalytic properties and fast electron transfer facilitated the oxidation of cholesterol. 29387950 0 66 dep electrode 48:56 arg1 application 102:112 application 102:112 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 0:139 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 2 67 theme paste 319:323 arg1 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 2 67 theme paste 319:323 arg1 electrode 325:333 modified carbon paste electrode 303:333 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 282:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 8 68 theme solubility 1251:1260 arg1 lack 1243:1246 lack 1243:1246 lack of solubility of cholesterol 1243:1275 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 5 69 with interaction 783:793 arg1 material 829:836 the composite material 815:836 the composite material 815:836 Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material. 29387950 8 70 theme cholesterol 1265:1275 arg1 solubility 1251:1260 solubility 1251:1260 solubility of cholesterol 1251:1275 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 7 71 theme current 1074:1080 arg1 rise 1061:1064 a rise 1059:1064 a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic) 1059:1102 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 12 72 theme modified 2025:2032 arg1 electrode 2057:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2015:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 11 73 theme integrated 1911:1920 arg1 device 1941:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device 1900:1946 The sensing platform is highly sensitive and shows a linear response towards cholesterol without using any additional redox mediator or enzyme, thus this material is extremely promising for the realization of a low-cost integrated cholesterol sensor device. 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 urea 1558:1561 urea 1558:1561 urea 1558:1561 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 acid 1535:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 glucose 1541:1547 glucose 1541:1547 glucose 1541:1547 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 acid 1574:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 analytes 1516:1523 some other analytes 1505:1523 some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid) 1505:1578 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 74 dep analytes 1516:1523 arg1 l-dopa 1550:1555 l-dopa 1550:1555 l-dopa 1550:1555 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 0 75 theme cholesterol 89:99 arg1 detection 76:84 non-enzymatic detection 62:84 non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol 62:99 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 7 76 theme cyclic 1031:1036 arg1 voltammograms 1038:1050 cyclic voltammograms 1031:1050 cyclic voltammograms 1031:1050 As the amount of cholesterol increased in the test solution, cyclic voltammograms showed a rise of peak current (cathodic and anodic). 29387950 1 77 theme Nanocomposite 141:153 arg1 technologies 202:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 potentially revolutionizing many technologies 169:213 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 77 theme Nanocomposite 141:153 arg1 materials 155:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials 141:163 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 1 77 theme Nanocomposite 141:153 arg1 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 sensors 226:232 Nanocomposite materials are potentially revolutionizing many technologies, including sensors. 29387950 5 78 dep Fourier 734:740 arg1 transform 742:750 transform 742:750 transform infrared spectra 742:767 Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material. 29387950 8 79 dep range 1198:1202 arg1 due 1236:1238 due 1236:1238 due 1236:1238 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 2 80 dep " 301:301 arg1 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 PCS-CPE 336:342 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 2 80 dep " 301:301 arg1 electrode 325:333 modified carbon paste electrode 303:333 "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 282:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 0 81 theme real 117:120 arg1 milk 134:137 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 real sample (cow milk) 117:138 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 urea 1558:1561 urea 1558:1561 urea 1558:1561 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 acid 1535:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 ascorbic acid 1526:1538 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 glucose 1541:1547 glucose 1541:1547 glucose 1541:1547 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 acid 1574:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 analytes 1516:1523 some other analytes 1505:1523 some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid) 1505:1578 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 82 theme other 1510:1514 arg1 l-dopa 1550:1555 l-dopa 1550:1555 l-dopa 1550:1555 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 8 83 theme low 1315:1317 arg1 limit 1329:1333 low detection limit 1315:1333 low detection limit (0.01 mM) 1315:1343 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 83 theme low 1315:1317 arg1 0.01 mM 1336:1342 0.01 mM 1336:1342 0.01 mM 1336:1342 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 12 84 theme electrode 2057:2065 arg1 cholesterol 2000:2010 cholesterol 2000:2010 cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode 2000:2065 Graphical abstract Cyclic voltammetric response of cholesterol of composite modified carbon paste capillary electrode. 29387950 3 85 dep additives 519:527 arg1 pi-pi 530:534 pi-pi 530:534 the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs 515:551 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 0 86 theme modified 26:33 arg1 electrode 48:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode 0:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 0:139 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 2 87 theme cholesterol 378:388 arg1 sensor 390:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor 348:395 In this paper, we described the application of "PANI/MWCNTs/Starch" modified carbon paste electrode (PCS-CPE) as a simple and highly sensitive cholesterol sensor. 29387950 0 88 theme paste 42:46 arg1 electrode 48:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode 0:56 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 0:139 Polyaniline/MWCNTs/starch modified carbon paste electrode for non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol: application to real sample (cow milk). 29387950 5 89 theme composite 819:827 arg1 material 829:836 the composite material 815:836 the composite material 815:836 Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed the interaction of cholesterol with the composite material. 29387950 8 90 theme normal 1115:1120 arg1 conditions 1135:1144 the normal experimental conditions 1111:1144 the normal experimental conditions 1111:1144 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 8 91 theme response 1357:1364 arg1 time 1366:1369 shorter response time 1349:1369 shorter response time (within 4-6 s) 1349:1384 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 3 92 theme nano-composite 409:422 arg1 material 424:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material 398:431 This novel nano-composite material has integrated nano-morphology, where polyaniline could interact effectively with the additives; pi-pi stacking "MWCNTs," and covalently bonded with starch. 29387950 8 93 dep 5 mM 1214:1217 arg1 to 1211:1212 to 1211:1212 to 1211:1212 Under the normal experimental conditions, the developed sensor exhibited wide linear dynamic range (0.032 to 5 mM) (upper limit is due to lack of solubility of cholesterol), high sensitivity (800 μAmM-1 cm-2), low detection limit (0.01 mM) and shorter response time (within 4-6 s). 29387950 10 94 theme cow 1651:1653 arg1 milk 1655:1658 cow milk 1651:1658 cow milk 1651:1658 This novel sensor was successfully applied to estimate cholesterol in cow milk (used as a model real sample). 29387950 9 95 theme lactic 1567:1572 arg1 acid 1574:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 lactic acid 1567:1577 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 29387950 9 95 theme lactic 1567:1572 arg1 analytes 1516:1523 some other analytes 1505:1523 some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid) 1505:1578 Analytical specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity during cholesterol estimation were compared with the response of some other analytes (ascorbic acid, glucose, l-dopa, urea and lactic acid). 30799077 5 0 theme LLO 972:974 arg1 group 981:985 the LLO head group 968:985 the LLO head group 968:985 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 5 1 theme substrate-hunting 819:835 arg1 mechanism 838:846 a "substrate-hunting" mechanism 816:846 a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential 816:999 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 6 2 theme ATP 1075:1077 arg1 hydrolysis 1079:1088 ATP hydrolysis 1075:1088 ATP hydrolysis 1075:1088 We further conclude that the release of LLO to the outside occurs before ATP hydrolysis and is followed by the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK. 30799077 1 3 theme essential 173:181 arg1 PglK 119:122 PglK 119:122 PglK 119:122 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 3 theme essential 173:181 arg1 flippase 164:171 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase 127:171 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 127:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 3 4 theme mechanistic 422:432 arg1 proposal 434:441 this unusual mechanistic proposal 409:441 this unusual mechanistic proposal 409:441 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 2 5 theme outward-facing 351:364 arg1 states 366:371 postulated outward-facing states 340:371 postulated outward-facing states 340:371 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 2 6 theme postulated 340:349 arg1 states 366:371 postulated outward-facing states 340:371 postulated outward-facing states 340:371 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 3 7 theme closed 606:611 arg1 dimer 613:617 an asymmetric closed dimer 592:617 an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 592:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 3 8 theme PglK 494:497 arg1 structure 481:489 a high-resolution structure 463:489 a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 463:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 4 9 theme LLO 745:747 arg1 recognition 749:759 LLO recognition 745:759 LLO recognition 745:759 Based on this structure, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate LLO recognition and flipping. 30799077 3 10 theme unusual 414:420 arg1 proposal 434:441 this unusual mechanistic proposal 409:441 this unusual mechanistic proposal 409:441 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 5 11 theme head 976:979 arg1 group 981:985 the LLO head group 968:985 the LLO head group 968:985 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 6 12 theme PglK 1150:1153 arg1 cavity 1140:1145 the periplasmic cavity 1124:1145 the periplasmic cavity of PglK 1124:1153 We further conclude that the release of LLO to the outside occurs before ATP hydrolysis and is followed by the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK. 30799077 1 13 theme asparagine-linked 187:203 arg1 jejuni 244:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 5 14 theme " 836:836 arg1 mechanism 838:846 a "substrate-hunting" mechanism 816:846 a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential 816:999 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 2 15 theme primary 380:386 arg1 role 388:391 a primary role 378:391 a primary role 378:391 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 6 16 theme periplasmic 1128:1138 arg1 cavity 1140:1145 the periplasmic cavity 1124:1145 the periplasmic cavity of PglK 1124:1153 We further conclude that the release of LLO to the outside occurs before ATP hydrolysis and is followed by the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK. 30799077 1 17 theme protein 205:211 arg1 jejuni 244:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 18 link asparagine-linked 187:203 arg1 jejuni 244:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 5 19 from group 981:985 arg1 sugars 956:961 sugars 956:961 sugars from the LLO head group 956:985 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 0 20 dep Recognition 88:98 arg1 Structure 0:8 Structure 0:8 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK 0:31 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 0 20 dep Recognition 88:98 arg1 Dynamics 47:54 Molecular Dynamics 37:54 Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 37:86 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 1 21 theme glycosylation in 213:228 arg1 jejuni 244:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 0 22 theme PglK 28:31 arg1 Structure 0:8 Structure 0:8 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK 0:31 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 0 22 theme PglK 28:31 arg1 Dynamics 47:54 Molecular Dynamics 37:54 Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 37:86 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 6 23 theme LLO 1042:1044 arg1 release 1031:1037 the release 1027:1037 the release of LLO to the outside 1027:1059 We further conclude that the release of LLO to the outside occurs before ATP hydrolysis and is followed by the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK. 30799077 3 24 theme bound 628:632 arg1 molecules 640:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 1 25 theme Campylobacter 230:242 arg1 jejuni 244:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 187:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 0 26 theme Outward-Facing 13:26 arg1 PglK 28:31 Outward-Facing PglK 13:31 Outward-Facing PglK 13:31 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 3 27 theme ATPγS 634:638 arg1 molecules 640:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 4 28 theme molecular 699:707 arg1 simulations 718:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 Based on this structure, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate LLO recognition and flipping. 30799077 0 29 theme Molecular 37:45 arg1 Dynamics 47:54 Molecular Dynamics 37:54 Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 37:86 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 3 30 theme binding 568:574 arg1 domains 576:582 the two nucleotide binding domains 549:582 the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 549:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 3 31 with state 538:542 arg1 domains 576:582 the two nucleotide binding domains 549:582 the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 549:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 5 32 theme translocation 923:935 arg1 pathway 937:943 the translocation pathway 919:943 the translocation pathway 919:943 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 3 33 theme outward 516:522 arg1 state 538:542 an outward semi-occluded state 513:542 an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 513:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 3 34 with dimer 613:617 arg1 molecules 640:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 two bound ATPγS molecules 624:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 3 35 theme semi-occluded 524:536 arg1 state 538:542 an outward semi-occluded state 513:542 an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 513:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 5 36 theme LLO 872:874 arg1 concentration 876:888 the LLO concentration 868:888 the LLO concentration 868:888 Our results suggest that PglK may employ a "substrate-hunting" mechanism to locally increase the LLO concentration and facilitate its jump into the translocation pathway, for which sugars from the LLO head group are essential. 30799077 3 37 theme nucleotide 557:566 arg1 domains 576:582 the two nucleotide binding domains 549:582 the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 549:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 3 38 theme high-resolution 465:479 arg1 structure 481:489 a high-resolution structure 463:489 a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 463:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 30799077 1 39 theme lipid-linked 129:140 arg1 oligosaccharide 142:156 lipid-linked oligosaccharide 129:156 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 127:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 39 theme lipid-linked 129:140 arg1 LLO 159:161 LLO 159:161 LLO 159:161 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 40 theme oligosaccharide 142:156 arg1 PglK 119:122 PglK 119:122 PglK 119:122 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 40 theme oligosaccharide 142:156 arg1 flippase 164:171 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase 127:171 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 127:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 41 link lipid-linked 129:140 arg1 oligosaccharide 142:156 lipid-linked oligosaccharide 129:156 a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni 127:249 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 1 41 link lipid-linked 129:140 arg1 LLO 159:161 LLO 159:161 LLO 159:161 PglK is a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) flippase essential for asparagine-linked protein glycosylation in Campylobacter jejuni. 30799077 2 42 theme translocation 309:321 arg1 mechanism 323:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 0 43 theme Oligosaccharide 72:86 arg1 Structure 0:8 Structure 0:8 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK 0:31 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 0 43 theme Oligosaccharide 72:86 arg1 Dynamics 47:54 Molecular Dynamics 37:54 Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 37:86 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 2 44 theme LLO 305:307 arg1 mechanism 323:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 4 45 theme dynamics 709:716 arg1 simulations 718:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 Based on this structure, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate LLO recognition and flipping. 30799077 6 46 theme cavity 1140:1145 arg1 closing 1113:1119 the closing 1109:1119 the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK 1109:1153 We further conclude that the release of LLO to the outside occurs before ATP hydrolysis and is followed by the closing of the periplasmic cavity of PglK. 30799077 4 47 theme extensive 689:697 arg1 simulations 718:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 extensive molecular dynamics simulations 689:728 Based on this structure, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate LLO recognition and flipping. 30799077 0 48 theme Lipid-Linked 59:70 arg1 Oligosaccharide 72:86 Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 59:86 Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide 59:86 Structure of Outward-Facing PglK and Molecular Dynamics of Lipid-Linked Oligosaccharide Recognition and Translocation. 30799077 2 49 theme non-alternating-access 282:303 arg1 mechanism 323:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism 280:331 Previously we have proposed a non-alternating-access LLO translocation mechanism, where postulated outward-facing states play a primary role. 30799077 3 50 theme asymmetric 595:604 arg1 dimer 613:617 an asymmetric closed dimer 592:617 an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules 592:648 To investigate this unusual mechanistic proposal, we have determined a high-resolution structure of PglK that displays an outward semi-occluded state with the two nucleotide binding domains forming an asymmetric closed dimer with two bound ATPγS molecules. 31260952 0 0 theme chickpea-wheat 75:88 arg1 noodles 112:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 4 1 theme protein 935:941 arg1 network 943:949 the protein network 931:949 the protein network 931:949 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 2 2 theme X-ray 371:375 arg1 diffraction 377:387 X-ray diffraction 371:387 X-ray diffraction 371:387 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 3 theme ruptured 989:996 arg1 granules 1005:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 5 4 theme properties 1154:1163 arg1 results 1135:1141 the results 1131:1141 the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles 1131:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 4 theme properties 1154:1163 arg1 profile 1118:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 1 5 theme kansui 164:169 arg1 impact 154:159 The impact 150:159 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 150:267 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 5 6 theme noodles 1213:1219 arg1 properties 1154:1163 cooking properties 1146:1163 cooking properties 1146:1163 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 6 theme noodles 1213:1219 arg1 content 1170:1176 -SH content 1166:1176 -SH content 1166:1176 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 6 theme noodles 1213:1219 arg1 properties 1192:1201 textural properties 1183:1201 textural properties of cooked noodles 1183:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 0 7 theme flour-based 100:110 arg1 noodles 112:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 0 8 from Effect 0:5 arg1 rheology 35:42 dough rheology 29:42 dough rheology 29:42 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 0 8 from Effect 0:5 arg1 characteristics 56:70 quality characteristics 48:70 quality characteristics 48:70 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 5 9 theme cooked 1206:1211 arg1 noodles 1213:1219 cooked noodles 1206:1219 cooked noodles 1206:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 4 10 theme granules 1005:1012 arg1 granules 1005:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 10 theme granules 1005:1012 arg1 amount 979:984 a greater amount 969:984 a greater amount of ruptured starch granules 969:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 5 11 theme -SH 1166:1168 arg1 content 1170:1176 -SH content 1166:1176 -SH content 1166:1176 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 0 12 theme composite 90:98 arg1 noodles 112:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 75:118 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 5 13 theme properties 1192:1201 arg1 results 1135:1141 the results 1131:1141 the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles 1131:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 13 theme properties 1192:1201 arg1 profile 1118:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 4 14 theme confocal 661:668 arg1 observation 697:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation 657:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples 657:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 5 15 theme content 1170:1176 arg1 results 1135:1141 the results 1131:1141 the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles 1131:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 15 theme content 1170:1176 arg1 profile 1118:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 4 16 theme well-embedded 802:814 arg1 granules 823:830 the well-embedded starch granules 798:830 the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network 798:873 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 17 from impact 154:159 arg1 rheology 184:191 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 rheology 184:191 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 1 17 from impact 154:159 arg1 characteristics 205:219 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 characteristics 205:219 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 0 18 theme noodles 112:118 arg1 rheology 35:42 dough rheology 29:42 dough rheology 29:42 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 0 18 theme noodles 112:118 arg1 characteristics 56:70 quality characteristics 48:70 quality characteristics 48:70 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 2 19 theme noodle 291:296 arg1 dough 298:302 noodle dough 291:302 noodle dough 291:302 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 20 theme infrared 411:418 arg1 spectroscopy 420:431 infrared spectroscopy 411:431 infrared spectroscopy 411:431 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 21 theme addition 472:479 arg1 level 456:460 the low level 448:460 the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 448:490 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 5 22 theme cooking 1146:1152 arg1 properties 1154:1163 cooking properties 1146:1163 cooking properties 1146:1163 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 4 23 theme cooked 713:718 arg1 samples 727:733 cooked noodle samples 713:733 cooked noodle samples 713:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 24 theme gluten 860:865 arg1 network 867:873 the gluten network 856:873 the gluten network 856:873 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 25 theme dough 178:182 arg1 rheology 184:191 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 rheology 184:191 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 2 26 theme kansui 465:470 arg1 addition 472:479 kansui addition 465:479 kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 465:490 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 26 theme kansui 465:470 arg1 % 489:489 0.5-1.5% 482:489 0.5-1.5% 482:489 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 27 theme starch 816:821 arg1 granules 823:830 the well-embedded starch granules 798:830 the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network 798:873 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 0 28 theme addition 17:24 arg1 Effect 0:5 Effect 0:5 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 0:148 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 0 29 theme underlying 128:137 arg1 mechanism 139:147 the underlying mechanism 124:147 the underlying mechanism 124:147 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 2 30 theme relative 314:321 arg1 crystallinity 323:335 the relative crystallinity 310:335 the relative crystallinity 310:335 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 31 theme low 452:454 arg1 level 456:460 the low level 448:460 the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 448:490 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 0 32 theme kansui 10:15 arg1 addition 17:24 kansui addition 10:24 kansui addition 10:24 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 2 33 theme alkali 543:548 arg1 concentration 550:562 alkali concentration 543:562 alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 543:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 33 theme alkali 543:548 arg1 % 572:572 2.0-3.0% 565:572 2.0-3.0% 565:572 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 34 theme noodle 720:725 arg1 samples 727:733 cooked noodle samples 713:733 cooked noodle samples 713:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 35 theme quality 197:203 arg1 characteristics 205:219 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 characteristics 205:219 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 0 36 theme dough 29:33 arg1 rheology 35:42 dough rheology 29:42 dough rheology 29:42 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 4 37 theme laser 670:674 arg1 observation 697:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation 657:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples 657:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 38 theme alkali 903:908 arg1 addition 910:917 the increased alkali addition 889:917 the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%) 889:928 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 38 theme alkali 903:908 arg1 % 927:927 2.0-3.0% 920:927 2.0-3.0% 920:927 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 5 39 theme textural 1183:1190 arg1 properties 1192:1201 textural properties 1183:1201 textural properties of cooked noodles 1183:1219 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 5 40 theme electrophoretic 1102:1116 arg1 profile 1118:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 the electrophoretic profile 1098:1124 The observation corresponded well with the electrophoretic profile, and the results of cooking properties, -SH content, and textural properties of cooked noodles. 31260952 0 41 theme mechanism 139:147 arg1 rheology 35:42 dough rheology 29:42 dough rheology 29:42 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 0 41 theme mechanism 139:147 arg1 characteristics 56:70 quality characteristics 48:70 quality characteristics 48:70 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 2 42 dep increased 433:441 arg1 followed 493:500 followed 493:500 followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 493:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 43 theme decreased 507:515 arg1 trend 517:521 a decreased trend 505:521 a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 505:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 44 theme higher 526:531 arg1 levels 533:538 higher levels 526:538 higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 526:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 45 theme scanning 676:683 arg1 observation 697:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation 657:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples 657:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 46 theme increased 893:901 arg1 addition 910:917 the increased alkali addition 889:917 the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%) 889:928 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 46 theme increased 893:901 arg1 % 927:927 2.0-3.0% 920:927 2.0-3.0% 920:927 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 2 47 theme concentration 550:562 arg1 levels 533:538 higher levels 526:538 higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 526:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 3 48 theme Such 576:579 arg1 variation 581:589 Such variation 576:589 Such variation 576:589 Such variation was in accordance with the trend observed for G' and G″. 31260952 2 49 theme order 351:355 arg1 degree 341:346 degree 341:346 degree 341:346 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 2 49 theme order 351:355 arg1 crystallinity 323:335 the relative crystallinity 310:335 the relative crystallinity 310:335 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 50 theme addition 768:775 arg1 concentration 744:756 the low concentration 736:756 the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 736:786 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 51 theme kansui 761:766 arg1 addition 768:775 kansui addition 761:775 kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 761:786 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 51 theme kansui 761:766 arg1 % 785:785 0.5-1.5% 778:785 0.5-1.5% 778:785 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 52 theme chickpea-wheat 224:237 arg1 noodles 261:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 4 53 theme low 740:742 arg1 concentration 744:756 the low concentration 736:756 the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) 736:786 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 54 from network 867:873 arg1 disassociate 838:849 disassociate 838:849 disassociate 838:849 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 2 55 dep Fourier 393:399 arg1 transform 401:409 transform 401:409 transform infrared spectroscopy 401:431 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 56 theme microscopic 685:695 arg1 observation 697:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation 657:707 the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples 657:733 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 57 theme gluten 1043:1048 arg1 network 1050:1056 the gluten network 1039:1056 the gluten network 1039:1056 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 58 theme composite 239:247 arg1 noodles 261:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 1 59 theme flour-based 249:259 arg1 noodles 261:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles 224:267 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 0 60 theme quality 48:54 arg1 characteristics 56:70 quality characteristics 48:70 quality characteristics 48:70 Effect of kansui addition on dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles and the underlying mechanism. 31260952 2 61 from levels 533:538 arg1 trend 517:521 a decreased trend 505:521 a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%) 505:573 For noodle dough, both the relative crystallinity and degree of order obtained from X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy increased with the low level of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%), followed by a decreased trend at higher levels of alkali concentration (2.0-3.0%). 31260952 4 62 theme greater 971:977 arg1 granules 1005:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 62 theme greater 971:977 arg1 amount 979:984 a greater amount 969:984 a greater amount of ruptured starch granules 969:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 4 63 theme starch 998:1003 arg1 granules 1005:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 ruptured starch granules 989:1012 Based on the confocal laser scanning microscopic observation for cooked noodle samples, the low concentration of kansui addition (0.5-1.5%) protected the well-embedded starch granules being disassociate from the gluten network, whereas with the increased alkali addition (2.0-3.0%), the protein network was impaired with a greater amount of ruptured starch granules being disassociated from the gluten network. 31260952 1 64 theme noodles 261:267 arg1 rheology 184:191 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 rheology 184:191 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 31260952 1 64 theme noodles 261:267 arg1 characteristics 205:219 the dough rheology and quality characteristics 174:219 characteristics 205:219 The impact of kansui on the dough rheology and quality characteristics of chickpea-wheat composite flour-based noodles was investigated. 29874454 4 0 theme imaging 906:912 arg1 techniques 914:923 high-resolution imaging techniques 890:923 high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations 890:967 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 3 1 contain containing 616:625 arg2 cellulose 670:678 hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 650:678 hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 650:678 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 1 contain containing 616:625 arg1 ASDs 611:614 ASDs 611:614 ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water 611:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 1 contain containing 616:625 arg2 HPMC 681:684 HPMC 681:684 HPMC 681:684 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 1 contain containing 616:625 arg2 ITZ 641:643 ITZ 641:643 ITZ 641:643 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 1 contain containing 616:625 arg2 itraconazole 627:638 itraconazole 627:638 itraconazole (ITZ) 627:644 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 0 2 theme Theoretical 192:202 arg1 Methods 204:210 Experimental and Theoretical Methods 175:210 Experimental and Theoretical Methods 175:210 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 8 3 theme wet 1660:1662 arg1 conditions 1672:1681 wet and dry conditions 1660:1681 conditions 1672:1681 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 9 4 theme various 1873:1879 arg1 solvents 1881:1888 various solvents 1873:1888 various solvents 1873:1888 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 6 5 with azeotrope 1351:1359 arg1 water 1366:1370 water 1366:1370 water 1366:1370 Short-chain alcohols, including methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH), were found to induce drug-polymer demixing in the presence of water, with EtOH being less sensitive to moisture than MeOH owing to its ability to form an azeotrope with water. 29874454 8 6 from rates 1739:1743 arg1 presence 1752:1759 the presence 1748:1759 the presence of water 1748:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 3 7 theme solvent 567:573 arg1 properties 575:584 solvent properties 567:584 solvent properties 567:584 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 8 theme phase 593:597 arg1 behavior 599:606 the phase behavior 589:606 the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water 589:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 0 9 theme Role 153:156 arg1 Understanding 132:144 Mechanistic Understanding 120:144 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 0:211 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 8 10 theme faster 1720:1725 arg1 rates 1739:1743 faster evaporation rates 1720:1743 faster evaporation rates in the presence of water 1720:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 1 11 theme studies 234:240 arg1 majority 222:229 The vast majority 213:229 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 213:286 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 4 12 theme molecular 938:946 arg1 simulations 957:967 molecular dynamics simulations 938:967 molecular dynamics simulations 938:967 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 7 13 theme water-induced 1386:1398 arg1 mixing 1400:1405 water-induced mixing 1386:1405 water-induced mixing 1386:1405 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 9 14 theme evaporation 1935:1945 arg1 approaches 1947:1956 solvent evaporation approaches 1927:1956 solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying 1927:1977 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 9 14 theme evaporation 1935:1945 arg1 drying 1972:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 3 15 from systems 745:751 arg1 DCM 797:799 DCM 797:799 DCM 797:799 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 15 from systems 745:751 arg1 dichloromethane 780:794 dichloromethane 780:794 dichloromethane (DCM) 780:800 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 15 from systems 745:751 arg1 water 807:811 water 807:811 water 807:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 15 from systems 745:751 arg1 coating 707:713 spin coating 702:713 spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols 702:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 0 16 theme Polymer 161:167 arg1 Role 153:156 the Role 149:156 the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods 149:210 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 5 17 theme evaporation 1108:1118 arg1 process 1120:1126 the evaporation process 1104:1126 the evaporation process 1104:1126 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 5 18 theme Solvent 970:976 arg1 profiles 1011:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 6 19 theme water 1259:1263 arg1 presence 1247:1254 the presence 1243:1254 the presence of water 1243:1263 Short-chain alcohols, including methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH), were found to induce drug-polymer demixing in the presence of water, with EtOH being less sensitive to moisture than MeOH owing to its ability to form an azeotrope with water. 29874454 0 20 theme Experimental 175:186 arg1 Methods 204:210 Experimental and Theoretical Methods 175:210 Experimental and Theoretical Methods 175:210 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 3 21 theme hydroxypropylmethyl 650:668 arg1 cellulose 670:678 hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 650:678 hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose 650:678 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 9 22 theme spray 1966:1970 arg1 drying 1972:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 0 23 theme Various 95:101 arg1 Systems 111:117 Various Solvent Systems 95:117 Various Solvent Systems 95:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 7 24 theme HPMC 1552:1555 arg1 solubility 1538:1547 the improved solubility 1525:1547 the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1525:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 4 25 with compatibility 818:830 arg1 system 866:871 the cosolvent system 852:871 the cosolvent system 852:871 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 8 26 theme dry 1668:1670 arg1 conditions 1672:1681 wet and dry conditions 1660:1681 conditions 1672:1681 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 8 27 with miscibility 1703:1713 arg1 rates 1739:1743 faster evaporation rates 1720:1743 faster evaporation rates in the presence of water 1720:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 2 28 theme polymer 424:430 arg1 conformation 432:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 0 29 theme Mechanistic 120:130 arg1 Understanding 132:144 Mechanistic Understanding 120:144 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 0:211 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 2 30 theme resultant 475:483 arg1 blends 498:503 the resultant drug/polymer blends 471:503 the resultant drug/polymer blends 471:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 0 31 theme Phase 0:4 arg1 Behavior 6:13 Phase Behavior 0:13 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 0:211 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 1 32 theme solvent 296:302 arg1 techniques 316:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 1 32 theme solvent 296:302 arg1 method 346:351 the preparation method 330:351 the preparation method 330:351 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 5 33 theme rate 1006:1009 arg1 profiles 1011:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 2 34 theme phase 453:457 arg1 behavior 459:466 the phase behavior 449:466 the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends 449:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 7 35 from solubility 1538:1547 arg1 alcohols 1571:1578 the higher alcohols 1560:1578 the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1560:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 9 36 theme phase 1794:1798 arg1 behavior 1800:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior 1771:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior 1771:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 0 37 theme Methylcellulose 37:51 arg1 Dispersions 69:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions 18:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems 18:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 7 38 from HPMC 1552:1555 arg1 alcohols 1571:1578 the higher alcohols 1560:1578 the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1560:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 5 39 theme composition 1089:1099 arg1 impact 1067:1072 the impact 1063:1072 the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process 1063:1126 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 2 40 theme blends 498:503 arg1 behavior 459:466 the phase behavior 449:466 the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends 449:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 2 40 theme blends 498:503 arg1 conformation 432:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 7 41 used used 1497:1500 arg2 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol (PrOH) 1452:1468 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 41 used used 1497:1500 arg2 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol (BuOH) 1474:1489 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 41 used used 1497:1500 arg2 cosolvent 1507:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 41 used used 1497:1500 arg2 alcohols 1432:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 4 42 theme cosolvent 856:864 arg1 system 866:871 the cosolvent system 852:871 the cosolvent system 852:871 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 0 43 theme Solid 63:67 arg1 Dispersions 69:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions 18:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems 18:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 7 44 from alcohols 1571:1578 arg1 presence 1587:1594 the presence 1583:1594 the presence of water 1583:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 44 from alcohols 1571:1578 arg1 solubility 1538:1547 the improved solubility 1525:1547 the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1525:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 8 45 from increase 1691:1698 arg1 miscibility 1703:1713 miscibility 1703:1713 miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water 1703:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 2 46 theme system 399:404 arg1 properties 406:415 the solvent/cosolvent system properties 377:415 the solvent/cosolvent system properties 377:415 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 1 47 theme solid 263:267 arg1 ASDs 282:285 ASDs 282:285 ASDs 282:285 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 1 47 theme solid 263:267 arg1 dispersions 269:279 amorphous solid dispersions 253:279 amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 253:286 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 9 48 theme thorough 1851:1858 arg1 screening 1860:1868 a thorough screening 1849:1868 a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs 1849:1921 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 8 49 theme separated 1639:1647 arg1 ASDs 1649:1652 phase separated ASDs 1633:1652 phase separated ASDs 1633:1652 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 7 50 located observed 1411:1418 arg1 contrast 1376:1383 contrast 1376:1383 contrast 1376:1383 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 50 located observed 1411:1418 arg2 mixing 1400:1405 water-induced mixing 1386:1405 water-induced mixing 1386:1405 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 4 51 theme high-resolution 890:904 arg1 techniques 914:923 high-resolution imaging techniques 890:923 high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations 890:967 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 3 52 theme binary/ternary 720:733 arg1 systems 745:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems 720:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols 720:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 53 theme properties 575:584 arg1 influence 554:562 the influence 550:562 the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water 550:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 2 54 from impact 367:372 arg1 behavior 459:466 the phase behavior 449:466 the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends 449:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 2 54 from impact 367:372 arg1 conformation 432:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 the polymer conformation 420:443 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 9 55 theme solvents 1881:1888 arg1 screening 1860:1868 a thorough screening 1849:1868 a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs 1849:1921 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 3 56 from influence 554:562 arg1 behavior 599:606 the phase behavior 589:606 the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water 589:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 57 theme alkyl 764:768 arg1 alcohols 770:777 alkyl alcohols 764:777 alkyl alcohols 764:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 5 58 from impact 1067:1072 arg1 process 1120:1126 the evaporation process 1104:1126 the evaporation process 1104:1126 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 1 59 theme vast 217:220 arg1 majority 222:229 The vast majority 213:229 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 213:286 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 7 60 theme water 1599:1603 arg1 presence 1587:1594 the presence 1583:1594 the presence of water 1583:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 61 theme higher 1425:1430 arg1 alcohols 1432:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 61 theme higher 1425:1430 arg1 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol (BuOH) 1474:1489 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 61 theme higher 1425:1430 arg1 cosolvent 1507:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 61 theme higher 1425:1430 arg1 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol (PrOH) 1452:1468 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 9 62 theme ASDs 1918:1921 arg1 preparation 1903:1913 the preparation 1899:1913 the preparation of ASDs 1899:1921 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 9 63 theme solvent 1927:1933 arg1 approaches 1947:1956 solvent evaporation approaches 1927:1956 solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying 1927:1977 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 9 63 theme solvent 1927:1933 arg1 drying 1972:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 spray drying 1966:1977 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 3 64 theme ASDs 611:614 arg1 behavior 599:606 the phase behavior 589:606 the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water 589:811 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 65 contain containing 753:762 arg2 alcohols 770:777 alkyl alcohols 764:777 alkyl alcohols 764:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 3 65 contain containing 753:762 arg1 systems 745:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems 720:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols 720:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 8 66 theme evaporation 1727:1737 arg1 rates 1739:1743 faster evaporation rates 1720:1743 faster evaporation rates in the presence of water 1720:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 5 67 theme evaporation 978:988 arg1 profiles 1011:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 7 68 theme higher 1564:1569 arg1 alcohols 1571:1578 the higher alcohols 1560:1578 the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1560:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 4 69 theme dynamics 948:955 arg1 simulations 957:967 molecular dynamics simulations 938:967 molecular dynamics simulations 938:967 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 0 70 theme Solvent 103:109 arg1 Systems 111:117 Various Solvent Systems 95:117 Various Solvent Systems 95:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 8 71 theme water 1764:1768 arg1 presence 1752:1759 the presence 1748:1759 the presence of water 1748:1768 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 7 72 theme improved 1529:1536 arg1 solubility 1538:1547 the improved solubility 1525:1547 the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water 1525:1603 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 5 73 theme evaporation 994:1004 arg1 profiles 1011:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles 970:1018 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 2 74 theme properties 406:415 arg1 impact 367:372 the impact 363:372 the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends 363:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 0 75 theme Drug-Hydroxypropyl 18:35 arg1 Dispersions 69:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions 18:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems 18:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 1 76 theme evaporation 304:314 arg1 techniques 316:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 1 76 theme evaporation 304:314 arg1 method 346:351 the preparation method 330:351 the preparation method 330:351 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 6 77 theme Short-chain 1129:1139 arg1 ethanol 1181:1187 ethanol 1181:1187 ethanol (EtOH) 1181:1194 Short-chain alcohols, including methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH), were found to induce drug-polymer demixing in the presence of water, with EtOH being less sensitive to moisture than MeOH owing to its ability to form an azeotrope with water. 29874454 6 77 theme Short-chain 1129:1139 arg1 alcohols 1141:1148 Short-chain alcohols 1129:1148 Short-chain alcohols 1129:1148 Short-chain alcohols, including methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH), were found to induce drug-polymer demixing in the presence of water, with EtOH being less sensitive to moisture than MeOH owing to its ability to form an azeotrope with water. 29874454 6 77 theme Short-chain 1129:1139 arg1 methanol 1161:1168 methanol 1161:1168 methanol (MeOH) 1161:1175 Short-chain alcohols, including methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH), were found to induce drug-polymer demixing in the presence of water, with EtOH being less sensitive to moisture than MeOH owing to its ability to form an azeotrope with water. 29874454 9 78 theme solvent-triggered 1776:1792 arg1 behavior 1800:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior 1771:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior 1771:1807 This solvent-triggered phase behavior highlights the importance of conducting a thorough screening of various solvents prior to the preparation of ASDs via solvent evaporation approaches such as spray drying. 29874454 0 79 theme Amorphous 53:61 arg1 Dispersions 69:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions 18:79 Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems 18:117 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 5 80 theme solvent 1081:1087 arg1 composition 1089:1099 the solvent composition 1077:1099 the solvent composition 1077:1099 Solvent evaporation and evaporation rate profiles were tracked gravimetrically to understand the impact of the solvent composition on the evaporation process. 29874454 4 81 theme polymer 839:845 arg1 compatibility 818:830 The compatibility 814:830 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system 814:871 The compatibility of the polymer with the cosolvent system was probed using high-resolution imaging techniques supported by molecular dynamics simulations. 29874454 0 82 theme Dispersions 69:79 arg1 Behavior 6:13 Phase Behavior 0:13 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 0:211 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 1 83 theme preparation 334:344 arg1 techniques 316:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 solvent evaporation techniques 296:325 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 1 83 theme preparation 334:344 arg1 method 346:351 the preparation method 330:351 the preparation method 330:351 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 7 84 theme due 1518:1520 arg1 alcohols 1432:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 higher alcohols 1425:1439 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 84 theme due 1518:1520 arg1 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol 1474:1482 n-butanol (BuOH) 1474:1489 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 84 theme due 1518:1520 arg1 cosolvent 1507:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 a cosolvent 1505:1515 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 7 84 theme due 1518:1520 arg1 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol 1452:1461 n-propanol (PrOH) 1452:1468 In contrast, water-induced mixing was observed when higher alcohols, including n-propanol (PrOH) and n-butanol (BuOH), were used as a cosolvent, due to the improved solubility of HPMC in the higher alcohols in the presence of water. 29874454 2 85 theme drug/polymer 485:496 arg1 blends 498:503 the resultant drug/polymer blends 471:503 the resultant drug/polymer blends 471:503 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 29874454 3 86 theme spin 702:705 arg1 coating 707:713 spin coating 702:713 spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols 702:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 8 87 theme phase 1633:1637 arg1 ASDs 1649:1652 phase separated ASDs 1633:1652 phase separated ASDs 1633:1652 Isopropanol (IPA) produced phase separated ASDs under wet and dry conditions with an increase in miscibility with faster evaporation rates in the presence of water. 29874454 1 88 theme amorphous 253:261 arg1 ASDs 282:285 ASDs 282:285 ASDs 282:285 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 1 88 theme amorphous 253:261 arg1 dispersions 269:279 amorphous solid dispersions 253:279 amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) 253:286 The vast majority of studies evaluating amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) utilize solvent evaporation techniques as the preparation method. 29874454 0 89 dep Behavior 6:13 arg1 Understanding 132:144 Mechanistic Understanding 120:144 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 0:211 Phase Behavior of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Amorphous Solid Dispersions Produced from Various Solvent Systems: Mechanistic Understanding of the Role of Polymer using Experimental and Theoretical Methods. 29874454 3 90 theme cosolvent 735:743 arg1 systems 745:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems 720:751 binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols 720:777 Herein, we investigate the influence of solvent properties on the phase behavior of ASDs containing itraconazole (ITZ) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) prepared using spin coating from binary/ternary cosolvent systems containing alkyl alcohols, dichloromethane (DCM), and water. 29874454 2 91 theme solvent/cosolvent 381:397 arg1 properties 406:415 the solvent/cosolvent system properties 377:415 the solvent/cosolvent system properties 377:415 However, the impact of the solvent/cosolvent system properties on the polymer conformation and the phase behavior of the resultant drug/polymer blends is poorly understood. 30447357 0 0 theme cell 103:106 arg1 scaffold 108:115 cell scaffold 103:115 cell scaffold 103:115 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 1 1 from applicable 208:217 arg1 field 233:237 biomedical field 222:237 biomedical field 222:237 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 4 2 theme mechanical 646:655 arg1 strength 657:664 mechanical strength 646:664 mechanical strength 646:664 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 5 3 theme salecan 720:726 arg1 content 728:734 salecan content 720:734 salecan content 720:734 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 6 4 theme 3T3L1 905:909 arg1 cells 911:915 3T3L1 cells 905:915 3T3L1 cells 905:915 Cytotoxicity results revealed that the composite hydrogels were non-toxic to L929 and 3T3L1 cells. 30447357 5 5 theme composite 798:806 arg1 hydrogels 808:816 the composite hydrogels 794:816 the composite hydrogels 794:816 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 4 6 theme hydrogel 553:560 arg1 network 562:568 the hydrogel network 549:568 the hydrogel network 549:568 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 5 7 theme content 728:734 arg1 change 710:715 The change 706:715 The change of salecan content 706:734 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 0 8 link photocrosslinked 15:30 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 7 9 theme system 1086:1091 arg1 value 1072:1076 the value 1068:1076 the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold 1068:1153 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 5 10 theme hydrogels 808:816 arg1 swelling 758:765 the swelling behavior and morphology 754:789 swelling 758:765 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 5 10 theme hydrogels 808:816 arg1 morphology 780:789 morphology 780:789 morphology 780:789 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 2 11 theme methacrylate 337:348 arg1 network 358:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 2 12 theme hydroxypropyl 323:335 arg1 network 358:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 3 13 theme Ti 484:485 arg1 planes 474:479 the crystal planes 462:479 the crystal planes of Ti 462:485 XRD patterns clearly showed the crystal planes of Ti. 30447357 4 14 theme nanoparticles 530:542 arg1 introduction 510:521 the introduction 506:521 the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network 506:568 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 4 15 theme thermal 670:676 arg1 stability 678:686 thermal stability 670:686 thermal stability 670:686 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 1 16 theme applicable 208:217 arg1 hydrogels 198:206 hydrogels 198:206 hydrogels applicable in biomedical field 198:237 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 3 17 theme XRD 434:436 arg1 patterns 438:445 XRD patterns 434:445 XRD patterns 434:445 XRD patterns clearly showed the crystal planes of Ti. 30447357 4 18 theme TiC 526:528 arg1 nanoparticles 530:542 TiC nanoparticles 526:542 TiC nanoparticles 526:542 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 7 19 theme Live/Dead 941:949 arg1 assay 951:955 Live/Dead assay 941:955 Live/Dead assay 941:955 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 7 20 theme composite 1030:1038 arg1 hydrogels 1040:1048 the composite hydrogels 1026:1048 the composite hydrogels 1026:1048 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 7 21 theme Cell 918:921 arg1 proliferation 923:935 Cell proliferation 918:935 Cell proliferation 918:935 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 1 22 theme biomedical 222:231 arg1 field 233:237 biomedical field 222:237 biomedical field 222:237 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 0 23 theme salecan 32:38 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 6 24 theme composite 858:866 arg1 non-toxic 883:891 non-toxic 883:891 non-toxic 883:891 Cytotoxicity results revealed that the composite hydrogels were non-toxic to L929 and 3T3L1 cells. 30447357 6 24 theme composite 858:866 arg1 hydrogels 868:876 the composite hydrogels 854:876 the composite hydrogels 854:876 Cytotoxicity results revealed that the composite hydrogels were non-toxic to L929 and 3T3L1 cells. 30447357 0 25 theme photocrosslinked 15:30 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 2 26 theme PHPMA 351:355 arg1 network 358:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 4 27 theme hydrogels 695:703 arg1 strength 657:664 mechanical strength 646:664 mechanical strength 646:664 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 4 27 theme hydrogels 695:703 arg1 stability 678:686 thermal stability 670:686 thermal stability 670:686 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 0 28 theme hydrogel 50:57 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 4 29 dep strength 657:664 arg1 the 642:644 the 642:644 the 642:644 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 2 30 theme composite 279:287 arg1 hydrogel 289:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel 248:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 248:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 0 31 theme composite 40:48 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 4 32 theme structural 579:588 arg1 reinforcement 590:602 structural reinforcement 579:602 structural reinforcement 579:602 More importantly, the introduction of TiC nanoparticles into the hydrogel network provided structural reinforcement, and thereby synergistically enhanced the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the hydrogels. 30447357 3 33 theme crystal 466:472 arg1 planes 474:479 the crystal planes 462:479 the crystal planes of Ti 462:485 XRD patterns clearly showed the crystal planes of Ti. 30447357 2 34 theme photocrosslinked 262:277 arg1 hydrogel 289:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel 248:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 248:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 7 35 theme soft 1122:1125 arg1 scaffold 1146:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 0 36 theme titanium 69:76 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 5 37 dep swelling 758:765 arg1 behavior 767:774 behavior 767:774 behavior 767:774 The change of salecan content markedly affected the swelling behavior and morphology of the composite hydrogels. 30447357 2 38 theme innovative 251:260 arg1 hydrogel 289:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel 248:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 248:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 7 39 theme tissue 1127:1132 arg1 scaffold 1146:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 2 40 theme TiC 388:390 arg1 nanoparticles 393:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 0 41 theme embedding 59:67 arg1 carbide 78:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 15:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 1 42 from field 233:237 arg1 applicable 208:217 applicable 208:217 applicable 208:217 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 1 43 theme water-soluble 131:143 arg1 β‑glucan 159:166 a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan 129:166 a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan 129:166 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 1 43 theme water-soluble 131:143 arg1 Salecan 118:124 Salecan 118:124 Salecan 118:124 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 7 44 theme engineering 1134:1144 arg1 scaffold 1146:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 soft tissue engineering scaffold 1122:1153 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 2 45 theme salecan/poly 310:321 arg1 network 358:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network 310:364 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 1 46 theme extracellular 145:157 arg1 β‑glucan 159:166 a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan 129:166 a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan 129:166 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 1 46 theme extracellular 145:157 arg1 Salecan 118:124 Salecan 118:124 Salecan 118:124 Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β‑glucan and appropriate for preparing hydrogels applicable in biomedical field. 30447357 6 47 theme Cytotoxicity 819:830 arg1 results 832:838 Cytotoxicity results 819:838 Cytotoxicity results 819:838 Cytotoxicity results revealed that the composite hydrogels were non-toxic to L929 and 3T3L1 cells. 30447357 2 48 theme titanium 370:377 arg1 nanoparticles 393:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 2 49 theme carbide 379:385 arg1 nanoparticles 393:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 370:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 30447357 7 50 theme excellent 978:986 arg1 cytocompatibility 988:1004 excellent cytocompatibility 978:1004 excellent cytocompatibility of the cells 978:1017 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 7 51 theme potential 1097:1105 arg1 application 1107:1117 potential application 1097:1117 potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold 1097:1153 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 7 52 theme cells 1013:1017 arg1 cytocompatibility 988:1004 excellent cytocompatibility 978:1004 excellent cytocompatibility of the cells 978:1017 Cell proliferation and Live/Dead assay further demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility of the cells within the composite hydrogels, which highlights the value of this system for potential application as soft tissue engineering scaffold. 30447357 0 53 theme carbide 78:84 arg1 Development 0:10 Development 0:10 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide 0:84 Development of photocrosslinked salecan composite hydrogel embedding titanium carbide nanoparticles as cell scaffold. 30447357 2 54 link photocrosslinked 262:277 arg1 hydrogel 289:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel 248:296 an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles 248:405 Herein, an innovative photocrosslinked composite hydrogel composed of salecan/poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate (PHPMA) network and titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles was successfully prepared. 29660656 5 0 from concentration 855:867 arg1 solids 876:881 the solids 872:881 the solids 872:881 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 6 1 theme VDA 1070:1072 arg1 HTPR 1082:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 0 2 theme alkali 53:58 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of liquid hot water 0:29 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 2 theme alkali 53:58 arg1 treatments 60:69 very dilute acid and alkali treatments 32:69 treatments 60:69 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 6 3 theme treated 1074:1080 arg1 HTPR 1082:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 5 4 theme hemicellulose 690:702 arg1 removal 704:710 the hemicellulose removal 686:710 the hemicellulose removal 686:710 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 1 5 from effect 148:153 arg1 digestibility 246:258 the digestibility 242:258 the digestibility of the cellulose 242:275 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 1 5 from effect 148:153 arg1 composition 179:189 the composition 175:189 the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) 175:233 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 3 6 theme 32-36 g/L 480:488 arg1 glucose 490:496 32-36 g/L glucose 480:496 32-36 g/L glucose 480:496 The cellulose conversion increased up to around 60% (corresponding to 32-36 g/L glucose) with decreasing hemicellulose concentration in the pretreated HTPR. 29660656 5 7 theme cellulose 845:853 arg1 concentration 855:867 the cellulose concentration 841:867 the cellulose concentration in the solids 841:881 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 6 8 theme LHW 1062:1064 arg1 HTPR 1082:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 6 9 theme cellulase 1142:1150 arg1 activity 1152:1159 the cellulase activity 1138:1159 the cellulase activity 1138:1159 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 2 10 theme acid 342:345 arg1 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 10 theme acid 342:345 arg1 treatments 353:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 0 11 theme enzymatic 85:93 arg1 digestibility 95:107 enzymatic digestibility 85:107 enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues 85:141 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 5 12 dep processes 783:791 arg1 LHW-alkali 794:803 LHW-alkali 794:803 LHW-alkali 794:803 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 5 12 dep processes 783:791 arg1 treatments 820:829 VDA-alkali treatments 809:829 VDA-alkali treatments 809:829 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 6 13 theme main 1006:1009 arg1 hemicellulose 984:996 the hemicellulose 980:996 the hemicellulose 980:996 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 6 13 theme main 1006:1009 arg1 barrier 1011:1017 the main barrier 1002:1017 the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1002:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 1 14 theme pretreatments 158:170 arg1 effect 148:153 The effect 144:153 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose 144:275 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 5 15 theme different 746:754 arg1 pretreatments 756:768 different pretreatments 746:768 different pretreatments 746:768 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 6 16 dep inhibited 1128:1136 arg1 prevented 1168:1176 prevented 1168:1176 prevented the complete conversion of cellulose 1168:1213 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 3 17 theme hemicellulose 515:527 arg1 concentration 529:541 hemicellulose concentration 515:541 hemicellulose concentration 515:541 The cellulose conversion increased up to around 60% (corresponding to 32-36 g/L glucose) with decreasing hemicellulose concentration in the pretreated HTPR. 29660656 6 18 theme cellulose 1045:1053 arg1 conversion 1031:1040 the conversion 1027:1040 the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1027:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 0 19 theme hot 21:23 arg1 water 25:29 liquid hot water 14:29 liquid hot water 14:29 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 20 theme hazelnut 112:119 arg1 residues 134:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 6 21 from conversion 1031:1040 arg1 HTPR 1082:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 the LHW and VDA treated HTPR 1058:1085 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 6 22 theme hydrolysis 1110:1119 arg1 medium 1121:1126 the hydrolysis medium 1106:1126 the hydrolysis medium 1106:1126 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 0 23 theme liquid 14:19 arg1 water 25:29 liquid hot water 14:29 liquid hot water 14:29 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 5 24 theme enzymatic 930:938 arg1 digestion 940:948 the enzymatic digestion 926:948 the enzymatic digestion 926:948 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 3 25 theme cellulose 414:422 arg1 conversion 424:433 The cellulose conversion 410:433 The cellulose conversion 410:433 The cellulose conversion increased up to around 60% (corresponding to 32-36 g/L glucose) with decreasing hemicellulose concentration in the pretreated HTPR. 29660656 5 26 theme pretreatments 756:768 arg1 effect 736:741 the delignification effect 716:741 the delignification effect of different pretreatments 716:768 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 5 26 theme pretreatments 756:768 arg1 removal 704:710 the hemicellulose removal 686:710 the hemicellulose removal 686:710 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 0 27 theme pruning 126:132 arg1 residues 134:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 2 28 theme VDA 348:350 arg1 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 28 theme VDA 348:350 arg1 treatments 353:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 0 29 theme water 25:29 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of liquid hot water 0:29 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 29 theme water 25:29 arg1 treatments 60:69 very dilute acid and alkali treatments 32:69 treatments 60:69 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 29 theme water 25:29 arg1 acid 44:47 very dilute acid and alkali treatments 32:69 acid 44:47 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 1 30 theme cellulose 267:275 arg1 digestibility 246:258 the digestibility 242:258 the digestibility of the cellulose 242:275 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 0 31 theme tree 121:124 arg1 residues 134:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 hazelnut tree pruning residues 112:141 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 3 32 theme pretreated 550:559 arg1 HTPR 561:564 the pretreated HTPR 546:564 the pretreated HTPR 546:564 The cellulose conversion increased up to around 60% (corresponding to 32-36 g/L glucose) with decreasing hemicellulose concentration in the pretreated HTPR. 29660656 1 33 theme hazelnut 198:205 arg1 residue 220:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue 194:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) 194:233 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 1 33 theme hazelnut 198:205 arg1 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 0 34 theme dilute 37:42 arg1 acid 44:47 very dilute acid and alkali treatments 32:69 acid 44:47 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 34 theme dilute 37:42 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of liquid hot water 0:29 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 0 35 theme residues 134:141 arg1 digestibility 95:107 enzymatic digestibility 85:107 enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues 85:141 Comparison of liquid hot water, very dilute acid and alkali treatments for enhancing enzymatic digestibility of hazelnut tree pruning residues. 29660656 3 36 dep 60 458:459 arg1 to 448:449 to 448:449 to 448:449 The cellulose conversion increased up to around 60% (corresponding to 32-36 g/L glucose) with decreasing hemicellulose concentration in the pretreated HTPR. 29660656 2 37 theme hot 306:308 arg1 LHW 317:319 LHW 317:319 LHW 317:319 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 37 theme hot 306:308 arg1 water 310:314 The liquid hot water 295:314 The liquid hot water (LHW) 295:320 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 37 theme hot 306:308 arg1 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 6 38 theme complete 1182:1189 arg1 conversion 1191:1200 the complete conversion 1178:1200 the complete conversion of cellulose 1178:1213 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 6 39 theme cellulose 1205:1213 arg1 conversion 1191:1200 the complete conversion 1178:1200 the complete conversion of cellulose 1178:1213 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 2 40 theme liquid 299:304 arg1 LHW 317:319 LHW 317:319 LHW 317:319 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 40 theme liquid 299:304 arg1 water 310:314 The liquid hot water 295:314 The liquid hot water (LHW) 295:320 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 40 theme liquid 299:304 arg1 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 1 41 theme tree 207:210 arg1 residue 220:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue 194:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) 194:233 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 1 41 theme tree 207:210 arg1 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 6 42 from glucose 1095:1101 arg1 medium 1121:1126 the hydrolysis medium 1106:1126 the hydrolysis medium 1106:1126 These results suggested that the hemicellulose was the main barrier against the conversion of cellulose in the LHW and VDA treated HTPR and the glucose in the hydrolysis medium inhibited the cellulase activity, which prevented the complete conversion of cellulose. 29660656 5 43 theme glucose 906:912 arg1 amount 896:901 the amount 892:901 the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion 892:948 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 5 43 theme glucose 906:912 arg1 glucose 906:912 glucose 906:912 glucose 906:912 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 1 44 theme pruning 212:218 arg1 residue 220:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue 194:226 the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) 194:233 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 1 44 theme pruning 212:218 arg1 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 HTPR 229:232 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 5 45 theme delignification 720:734 arg1 effect 736:741 the delignification effect 716:741 the delignification effect of different pretreatments 716:768 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 4 46 theme partial 597:603 arg1 delignification 605:619 partial delignification 597:619 partial delignification 597:619 The alkali treatment provided partial delignification, however, the glucose production was comparably lower. 29660656 4 47 theme alkali 571:576 arg1 treatment 578:586 The alkali treatment 567:586 The alkali treatment 567:586 The alkali treatment provided partial delignification, however, the glucose production was comparably lower. 29660656 2 48 theme dilute 335:340 arg1 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 effective 369:377 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 2 48 theme dilute 335:340 arg1 treatments 353:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments 326:362 The liquid hot water (LHW) and the very dilute acid (VDA) treatments were effective in solubilizing hemicellulose. 29660656 1 49 theme residue 220:226 arg1 composition 179:189 the composition 175:189 the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) 175:233 The effect of pretreatments on the composition of the hazelnut tree pruning residue (HTPR) and on the digestibility of the cellulose was investigated. 29660656 5 50 theme two-stage 773:781 arg1 processes 783:791 two-stage processes 773:791 two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) 773:830 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 5 51 theme VDA-alkali 809:818 arg1 treatments 820:829 VDA-alkali treatments 809:829 VDA-alkali treatments 809:829 Combining the hemicellulose removal and the delignification effect of different pretreatments in two-stage processes (LHW-alkali and VDA-alkali treatments) enhanced the cellulose concentration in the solids, but not the amount of glucose released in the enzymatic digestion. 29660656 4 52 theme glucose 635:641 arg1 production 643:652 the glucose production 631:652 the glucose production 631:652 The alkali treatment provided partial delignification, however, the glucose production was comparably lower. 29660656 4 52 theme glucose 635:641 arg1 lower 669:673 lower 669:673 lower 669:673 The alkali treatment provided partial delignification, however, the glucose production was comparably lower. 31891698 7 0 theme resulting 654:662 arg1 films 664:668 The resulting films 650:668 The resulting films 650:668 The resulting films possess promising applications as protective and packing materials. 31891698 1 1 theme composite 165:173 arg1 films 175:179 composite films 165:179 composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose 165:253 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 6 2 theme excellent 611:619 arg1 transmittance 635:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 31891698 3 3 theme homogenous 347:356 arg1 dispersion 358:367 a homogenous dispersion 345:367 a homogenous dispersion in the film matrix 345:386 The GO sheets presented a homogenous dispersion in the film matrix. 31891698 3 4 from dispersion 358:367 arg1 matrix 381:386 the film matrix 372:386 the film matrix 372:386 The GO sheets presented a homogenous dispersion in the film matrix. 31891698 1 5 theme films 175:179 arg1 property 153:160 the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property 122:160 the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose 122:253 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 3 6 dep sheets 328:333 arg1 GO 325:326 GO 325:326 GO 325:326 The GO sheets presented a homogenous dispersion in the film matrix. 31891698 4 7 theme cellulose 424:432 arg1 films 434:438 the cellulose films 420:438 the cellulose films 420:438 The incorporation of GO endows the cellulose films with improved UV shielding capacity. 31891698 2 8 theme ZnCl2/CaCl2/GO 296:309 arg1 solution 311:318 ZnCl2/CaCl2/GO solution 296:318 ZnCl2/CaCl2/GO solution 296:318 Regenerated cellulose was prepared from ZnCl2/CaCl2/GO solution. 31891698 3 9 theme film 376:379 arg1 matrix 381:386 the film matrix 372:386 the film matrix 372:386 The GO sheets presented a homogenous dispersion in the film matrix. 31891698 5 10 theme UVA 509:511 arg1 percentages 530:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 5 10 theme UVA 509:511 arg1 % 550:550 66.7% 546:550 66.7% 546:550 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 0 11 theme transparent 7:17 arg1 graphene 19:26 Highly transparent graphene 0:26 Highly transparent graphene 0:26 Highly transparent graphene oxide/cellulose composite film bearing ultraviolet shielding property. 31891698 1 12 theme graphene 198:205 arg1 oxide 207:211 graphene oxide 198:211 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 198:227 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 4 13 theme GO 410:411 arg1 incorporation 393:405 The incorporation 389:405 The incorporation of GO 389:411 The incorporation of GO endows the cellulose films with improved UV shielding capacity. 31891698 1 14 theme oxide 207:211 arg1 nanosheets 218:227 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 198:227 graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets 198:227 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 7 15 contain possess 670:676 arg1 films 664:668 The resulting films 650:668 The resulting films 650:668 The resulting films possess promising applications as protective and packing materials. 31891698 7 15 contain possess 670:676 arg2 applications 688:699 promising applications 678:699 promising applications 678:699 The resulting films possess promising applications as protective and packing materials. 31891698 0 16 theme composite 44:52 arg1 film 54:57 composite film 44:57 composite film bearing ultraviolet shielding property 44:96 Highly transparent graphene oxide/cellulose composite film bearing ultraviolet shielding property. 31891698 1 17 dep oxide 207:211 arg1 GO 214:215 GO 214:215 GO 214:215 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 0 18 theme ultraviolet 67:77 arg1 property 89:96 ultraviolet shielding property 67:96 ultraviolet shielding property 67:96 Highly transparent graphene oxide/cellulose composite film bearing ultraviolet shielding property. 31891698 6 19 contain had 607:609 arg1 films 601:605 the composite films 587:605 the composite films 587:605 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 31891698 6 19 contain had 607:609 arg2 transmittance 635:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 31891698 4 20 theme improved 445:452 arg1 capacity 467:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 The incorporation of GO endows the cellulose films with improved UV shielding capacity. 31891698 7 21 theme promising 678:686 arg1 applications 688:699 promising applications 678:699 promising applications 678:699 The resulting films possess promising applications as protective and packing materials. 31891698 4 22 theme shielding 457:465 arg1 capacity 467:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 The incorporation of GO endows the cellulose films with improved UV shielding capacity. 31891698 5 23 theme UVB 517:519 arg1 percentages 530:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 5 23 theme UVB 517:519 arg1 % 550:550 66.7% 546:550 66.7% 546:550 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 1 24 theme shielding 143:151 arg1 property 153:160 the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property 122:160 the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose 122:253 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 1 25 theme regenerated 233:243 arg1 cellulose 245:253 regenerated cellulose 233:253 regenerated cellulose 233:253 This work investigates the ultraviolet (UV) shielding property of composite films synthesized with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and regenerated cellulose. 31891698 4 26 theme UV 454:455 arg1 capacity 467:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 improved UV shielding capacity 445:474 The incorporation of GO endows the cellulose films with improved UV shielding capacity. 31891698 5 27 theme blocking 521:528 arg1 percentages 530:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 the UVA and UVB blocking percentages 505:540 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 5 27 theme blocking 521:528 arg1 % 550:550 66.7% 546:550 66.7% 546:550 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 6 28 theme light 629:633 arg1 transmittance 635:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 31891698 7 29 dep protective 704:713 arg1 materials 727:735 materials 727:735 materials 727:735 The resulting films possess promising applications as protective and packing materials. 31891698 0 30 theme shielding 79:87 arg1 property 89:96 ultraviolet shielding property 67:96 ultraviolet shielding property 67:96 Highly transparent graphene oxide/cellulose composite film bearing ultraviolet shielding property. 31891698 2 31 theme Regenerated 256:266 arg1 cellulose 268:276 Regenerated cellulose 256:276 Regenerated cellulose 256:276 Regenerated cellulose was prepared from ZnCl2/CaCl2/GO solution. 31891698 5 32 dep loading 485:491 arg1 GO 482:483 GO 482:483 GO 482:483 When GO loading reaches 2%, the UVA and UVB blocking percentages are 66.7% and 54.2%, respectively. 31891698 6 33 theme composite 591:599 arg1 films 601:605 the composite films 587:605 the composite films 587:605 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 31891698 6 34 theme visible 621:627 arg1 transmittance 635:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 excellent visible light transmittance 611:647 Moreover, the composite films had excellent visible light transmittance. 29303417 8 0 theme elastin 1165:1171 arg1 content 1173:1179 elastin content 1165:1179 elastin content (p < 0.05) 1165:1190 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 8 0 theme elastin 1165:1171 arg1 p < 0.05 1182:1189 p < 0.05 1182:1189 p < 0.05 1182:1189 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 10 1 theme preparation 1557:1567 arg1 methods 1542:1548 all methods 1538:1548 all methods of ADM preparation 1538:1567 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 0 2 theme Skin 89:92 arg1 Decellularization 61:77 Decellularization 61:77 Decellularization of Murine Skin 61:92 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 29303417 10 3 theme composition 1469:1479 arg1 preservation 1446:1457 better preservation 1439:1457 better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties 1439:1508 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 10 4 theme detergent-free 1410:1423 arg1 method 1425:1430 the detergent-free method 1406:1430 the detergent-free method 1406:1430 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 1 5 theme affected 171:178 arg1 people 180:185 affected people 171:185 affected people 171:185 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 5 6 theme in 707:708 arg1 experiments 728:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 10 7 theme better 1439:1444 arg1 preservation 1446:1457 better preservation 1439:1457 better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties 1439:1508 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 10 8 theme matrix 1462:1467 arg1 composition 1469:1479 matrix composition 1462:1479 matrix composition 1462:1479 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 9 9 with scaffolds 1314:1322 arg1 induction 1332:1340 no induction 1329:1340 no induction of immunogenic reaction 1329:1364 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 3 10 theme engineered 368:377 arg1 matrices 386:393 engineered dermal matrices 368:393 engineered dermal matrices 368:393 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 4 11 theme detergent-free 574:587 arg1 method 589:594 a detergent-free method 572:594 a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules 572:676 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 3 12 theme matrix 489:494 arg1 structure 496:504 the extracellular matrix structure 471:504 the extracellular matrix structure 471:504 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 8 13 theme detergent-free 1059:1072 arg1 method 1074:1079 the detergent-free method 1055:1079 the detergent-free method 1055:1079 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 1 14 from mortality 158:166 arg1 people 180:185 affected people 171:185 affected people 171:185 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 3 15 theme cells 437:441 arg1 removal 426:432 the removal 422:432 the removal of cells from skin 422:451 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 5 16 theme in 720:721 arg1 experiments 728:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 6 17 theme fibroblast 881:890 arg1 growth 892:897 fibroblast growth 881:897 fibroblast growth 881:897 All decellularization methods satisfactorily removed cells and supported fibroblast growth and migration in vitro. 29303417 2 18 theme dermal 291:296 arg1 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 18 theme dermal 291:296 arg1 matrices 298:305 acellular dermal matrices 281:305 acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) 281:312 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 18 theme dermal 291:296 arg1 coverage 351:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 10 19 theme biofunctional 1589:1601 arg1 matrices 1603:1610 equally biofunctional matrices 1581:1610 equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage 1581:1628 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 9 20 theme reaction 1357:1364 arg1 induction 1332:1340 no induction 1329:1340 no induction of immunogenic reaction 1329:1364 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 10 21 theme properties 1499:1508 arg1 preservation 1446:1457 better preservation 1439:1457 better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties 1439:1508 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 1 22 from morbidity 144:152 arg1 people 180:185 affected people 171:185 affected people 171:185 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 1 23 theme Acute 95:99 arg1 wounds 113:118 Acute and chronic wounds 95:118 Acute and chronic wounds 95:118 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 4 24 from stress 651:656 arg1 molecules 668:676 matrix molecules 661:676 matrix molecules 661:676 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 5 25 theme anionic 781:787 arg1 methods 799:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 10 26 theme biomechanical 1485:1497 arg1 properties 1499:1508 biomechanical properties 1485:1508 biomechanical properties 1485:1508 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 7 27 theme Sulfated 923:930 arg1 content 950:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content 923:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content 923:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 1 28 theme significant 198:208 arg1 burdens 220:226 significant financial burdens 198:226 significant financial burdens 198:226 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 3 29 theme dermal 379:384 arg1 matrices 386:393 engineered dermal matrices 368:393 engineered dermal matrices 368:393 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 4 30 theme primary 539:545 arg1 objective 547:555 our primary objective 535:555 our primary objective 535:555 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 8 31 theme detergent-based 1086:1100 arg1 methods 1102:1108 all detergent-based methods 1082:1108 all detergent-based methods 1082:1108 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 7 32 theme glycosaminoglycan 932:948 arg1 content 950:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content 923:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content 923:956 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 1 33 theme chronic 105:111 arg1 wounds 113:118 Acute and chronic wounds 95:118 Acute and chronic wounds 95:118 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 1 34 theme financial 210:218 arg1 burdens 220:226 significant financial burdens 198:226 significant financial burdens 198:226 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 0 35 theme Detergent-Free 14:27 arg1 Methods 49:55 Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods 14:55 Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods 14:55 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 29303417 9 36 theme ADM 1373:1375 arg1 groups 1377:1382 all ADM groups 1369:1382 all ADM groups tested 1369:1389 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 4 37 theme skin 625:628 arg1 decellularization 600:616 decellularization 600:616 decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules 600:676 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 0 38 theme Methods 49:55 arg1 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation 0:9 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 0:93 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 29303417 4 39 theme matrix 661:666 arg1 molecules 668:676 matrix molecules 661:676 matrix molecules 661:676 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 4 40 theme chemical 642:649 arg1 stress 651:656 chemical stress 642:656 chemical stress on matrix molecules 642:676 In this study, our primary objective was to develop a detergent-free method for decellularization of the skin to mitigate chemical stress on matrix molecules. 29303417 0 41 theme Detergent-Based 33:47 arg1 Methods 49:55 Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods 14:55 Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods 14:55 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 29303417 5 42 theme detergent 789:797 arg1 methods 799:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 3 43 from skin 448:451 arg1 cells 437:441 cells 437:441 cells from skin 437:451 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 3 43 from skin 448:451 arg1 removal 426:432 the removal 422:432 the removal of cells from skin 422:451 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 1 44 theme healthcare 231:240 arg1 systems 242:248 healthcare systems 231:248 healthcare systems 231:248 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 10 45 theme ADM 1553:1555 arg1 preparation 1557:1567 ADM preparation 1553:1567 ADM preparation 1553:1567 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 29303417 8 46 theme scaffold 1132:1139 arg1 strength 1152:1159 scaffold mechanical strength 1132:1159 scaffold mechanical strength 1132:1159 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 8 47 dep method 1074:1079 arg1 contrast 1043:1050 contrast 1043:1050 contrast 1043:1050 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 9 48 theme immunogenic 1345:1355 arg1 reaction 1357:1364 immunogenic reaction 1345:1364 immunogenic reaction 1345:1364 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 2 49 theme wound 345:349 arg1 matrices 298:305 acellular dermal matrices 281:305 acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) 281:312 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 49 theme wound 345:349 arg1 coverage 351:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 5 50 theme nonionic 768:775 arg1 methods 799:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 nonionic and anionic detergent methods 768:805 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 5 51 dep in 720:721 arg1 vivo 723:726 vivo 723:726 vivo 723:726 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 7 52 theme ionic 1007:1011 arg1 group 1033:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 2 53 theme biological 334:343 arg1 matrices 298:305 acellular dermal matrices 281:305 acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) 281:312 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 53 theme biological 334:343 arg1 coverage 351:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 7 54 dep reduced 962:968 arg1 p < 0.05 985:992 p < 0.05 985:992 p < 0.05 985:992 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 5 55 dep in 707:708 arg1 vitro 710:714 vitro 710:714 vitro 710:714 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 6 56 theme decellularization 812:828 arg1 methods 830:836 All decellularization methods 808:836 All decellularization methods 808:836 All decellularization methods satisfactorily removed cells and supported fibroblast growth and migration in vitro. 29303417 2 57 theme acellular 281:289 arg1 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 57 theme acellular 281:289 arg1 matrices 298:305 acellular dermal matrices 281:305 acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) 281:312 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 57 theme acellular 281:289 arg1 coverage 351:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 7 58 theme detergent 1013:1021 arg1 group 1033:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 1 59 theme increased 134:142 arg1 morbidity 144:152 morbidity 144:152 morbidity 144:152 Acute and chronic wounds contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in affected people and impose significant financial burdens on healthcare systems. 29303417 8 60 theme mechanical 1141:1150 arg1 strength 1152:1159 scaffold mechanical strength 1132:1159 scaffold mechanical strength 1132:1159 In contrast to the detergent-free method, all detergent-based methods significantly reduced scaffold mechanical strength and elastin content (p < 0.05). 29303417 9 61 theme host 1299:1302 arg1 cell 1304:1307 host cell 1299:1307 host cell 1299:1307 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 7 62 theme treatment 1023:1031 arg1 group 1033:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 the ionic detergent treatment group 1003:1037 Sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) only in the ionic detergent treatment group. 29303417 3 63 from removal 426:432 arg1 skin 448:451 skin 448:451 skin 448:451 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 3 64 theme extracellular 475:487 arg1 structure 496:504 the extracellular matrix structure 471:504 the extracellular matrix structure 471:504 Unlike engineered dermal matrices, ADMs are prepared through the removal of cells from skin, while preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function. 29303417 9 65 dep weeks 1199:1203 arg1 transplantation 1211:1225 transplantation 1211:1225 transplantation 1211:1225 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 0 66 theme Murine 82:87 arg1 Skin 89:92 Murine Skin 82:92 Murine Skin 82:92 Evaluation of Detergent-Free and Detergent-Based Methods for Decellularization of Murine Skin. 29303417 9 67 theme cell 1304:1307 arg1 angiogenesis 1268:1279 angiogenesis 1268:1279 angiogenesis 1268:1279 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 9 67 theme cell 1304:1307 arg1 migration 1286:1294 migration 1286:1294 migration 1286:1294 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 9 67 theme cell 1304:1307 arg1 reepithelialization 1247:1265 reepithelialization 1247:1265 reepithelialization 1247:1265 Three weeks after transplantation, the results showed reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and migration of host cell into scaffolds with no induction of immunogenic reaction in all ADM groups tested. 29303417 2 68 used used 324:327 arg2 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 ADMs 308:311 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 68 used used 324:327 arg2 coverage 351:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 a biological wound coverage 332:358 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 2 68 used used 324:327 arg2 matrices 298:305 acellular dermal matrices 281:305 acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) 281:312 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 5 69 theme experiments 728:738 arg1 experiments 728:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 in vitro and in vivo experiments 707:738 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 5 69 theme experiments 728:738 arg1 set 700:702 a set 698:702 a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments 698:738 Then, we performed a set of in vitro and in vivo experiments to compare this method with nonionic and anionic detergent methods. 29303417 2 70 theme challenging 261:271 arg1 wounds 273:278 these challenging wounds 255:278 these challenging wounds 255:278 For these challenging wounds, acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have been used as a biological wound coverage. 29303417 10 71 theme wound 1615:1619 arg1 coverage 1621:1628 wound coverage 1615:1628 wound coverage 1615:1628 In our study, the detergent-free method showed better preservation of matrix composition and biomechanical properties, but after transplantation, all methods of ADM preparation resulted in equally biofunctional matrices as wound coverage. 31099376 11 0 theme composition 1861:1871 arg1 surfaces 1839:1846 carbohydrate surfaces 1826:1846 carbohydrate surfaces of different composition 1826:1871 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 9 1 theme tough 1612:1616 arg1 adhesions 1619:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions 1583:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1583:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 4 2 with interactions 497:508 arg1 glycan 585:590 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield 562:597 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 562:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 4 3 theme HIV 605:607 arg1 pseudovirus 609:619 an HIV pseudovirus 602:619 an HIV pseudovirus 602:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 4 4 from glycan 585:590 arg1 pseudovirus 609:619 an HIV pseudovirus 602:619 an HIV pseudovirus 602:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 1 5 theme core 168:171 arg1 layer 173:177 a core layer 166:177 a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues 166:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 9 6 theme virus 1654:1658 arg1 aggregation 1660:1670 large-scale virus aggregation 1642:1670 large-scale virus aggregation 1642:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 4 7 theme complex-type 566:577 arg1 glycan 585:590 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield 562:597 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 562:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 5 8 theme glycan 773:778 arg1 depths 759:764 the depths 755:764 the depths of the glycan shield 755:785 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 1 9 theme residues 190:197 arg1 layer 173:177 a core layer 166:177 a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues 166:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 5 10 theme freely-diffusive 860:875 arg1 contact 877:883 freely-diffusive contact 860:883 freely-diffusive contact 860:883 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 8 11 theme mannobiose-coated 1298:1314 arg1 probes 1316:1321 mannobiose-coated probes 1298:1321 mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars 1298:1411 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 8 12 from systems 1269:1275 arg1 Results 1242:1248 Results 1242:1248 Results from complementing systems 1242:1275 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 1 13 theme complex-type 113:124 arg1 shields 133:139 The complex-type glycan shields 109:139 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells 109:159 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 7 14 from sugars 1215:1220 arg1 monolayers 1230:1239 pure monolayers 1225:1239 pure monolayers 1225:1239 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 5 15 theme only 829:832 arg1 interactions 834:845 only interactions 829:845 only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact 829:883 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 6 16 theme engineered 973:982 arg1 virus 984:988 the engineered virus 969:988 the engineered virus 969:988 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 0 17 theme sialic 64:69 arg1 self-adhesions 93:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 1 18 theme eukaryotic 144:153 arg1 cells 155:159 eukaryotic cells 144:159 eukaryotic cells 144:159 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 7 19 theme self- 1187:1191 arg1 adhesions 1193:1201 the cross- and self- adhesions 1172:1201 the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers 1172:1239 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 11 20 dep glycan 1794:1799 arg1 shield 1801:1806 shield 1801:1806 shield 1801:1806 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 6 21 theme inferred 947:954 arg1 structure 956:964 the inferred structure 943:964 the inferred structure of the engineered virus 943:988 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 2 22 theme pure 346:349 arg1 studies 361:367 pure monolayer studies 346:367 pure monolayer studies 346:367 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 7 23 theme cross- 1176:1181 arg1 adhesions 1193:1201 the cross- and self- adhesions 1172:1201 the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers 1172:1239 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 6 24 theme subsequent 1033:1042 arg1 studies 1056:1062 subsequent interaction studies 1033:1062 subsequent interaction studies 1033:1062 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 0 25 theme Complex-type 0:11 arg1 N-glycans 13:21 Complex-type N-glycans 0:21 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 0:46 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 1 26 theme sialic 242:247 arg1 SA 255:256 SA 255:256 SA 255:256 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 1 26 theme sialic 242:247 arg1 acid 249:252 sialic acid 242:252 sialic acid (SA) residues 242:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 9 27 theme SA 1550:1551 arg1 layer 1553:1557 the terminal SA layer 1537:1557 the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1537:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 6 28 theme glycan 1009:1014 arg1 layer 1023:1027 the glycan shield layer 1005:1027 the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies 1005:1062 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 2 29 theme glycan 418:423 arg1 setting 392:398 the setting 388:398 the setting of a complex-type glycan shield 388:430 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 0 30 theme pseudotyped 32:42 arg1 HIV 44:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 1 31 with end 233:235 arg1 residues 259:266 sialic acid (SA) residues 242:266 sialic acid (SA) residues 242:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 10 32 theme Lactose-coated 1673:1686 arg1 probes 1688:1693 Lactose-coated probes 1673:1693 Lactose-coated probes 1673:1693 Lactose-coated probes exhibit ill-defined adherence to sialic residues. 31099376 9 33 theme glycan 1564:1569 arg1 layer 1553:1557 the terminal SA layer 1537:1557 the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1537:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 1 34 contain have 161:164 arg1 shields 133:139 The complex-type glycan shields 109:139 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells 109:159 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 1 34 contain have 161:164 arg2 layer 173:177 a core layer 166:177 a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues 166:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 11 35 theme different 1851:1859 arg1 composition 1861:1871 different composition 1851:1871 different composition 1851:1871 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 4 36 theme probes 550:555 arg1 interactions 497:508 The interactions 493:508 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 493:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 9 37 with shield 1571:1576 arg1 adhesions 1619:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions 1583:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1583:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 7 38 theme sugar-probes 1090:1101 arg1 glycan 1120:1125 the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan 1086:1125 the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield 1086:1132 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 2 39 theme mannose 308:314 arg1 residues 316:323 mannose residues 308:323 mannose residues 308:323 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 1 40 theme sugars 221:226 arg1 tiers 212:216 tiers 212:216 tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues 212:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 7 41 theme pure 1225:1228 arg1 monolayers 1230:1239 pure monolayers 1225:1239 pure monolayers 1225:1239 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 4 42 theme mannobiose- 513:523 arg1 interactions 497:508 The interactions 493:508 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 493:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 3 43 theme mannose 479:485 arg1 core 487:490 the mannose core 475:490 the mannose core 475:490 Would distal SA residues impede access to the mannose core? 31099376 4 44 theme SA- 526:528 arg1 interactions 497:508 The interactions 493:508 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 493:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 10 45 theme sialic 1728:1733 arg1 residues 1735:1742 sialic residues 1728:1742 sialic residues 1728:1742 Lactose-coated probes exhibit ill-defined adherence to sialic residues. 31099376 1 46 theme cells 155:159 arg1 shields 133:139 The complex-type glycan shields 109:139 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells 109:159 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 5 47 theme sugar-coated 801:812 arg1 nanoparticles 814:826 sugar-coated nanoparticles 801:826 sugar-coated nanoparticles 801:826 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 8 48 theme coated 1484:1489 arg1 viruses 1491:1497 tightly coated viruses 1476:1497 tightly coated viruses 1476:1497 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 9 49 theme large-scale 1642:1652 arg1 aggregation 1660:1670 large-scale virus aggregation 1642:1670 large-scale virus aggregation 1642:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 8 50 theme short-range 1421:1431 arg1 release 1443:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release 1419:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses 1419:1497 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 3 51 theme SA 446:447 arg1 residues 449:456 distal SA residues 439:456 distal SA residues 439:456 Would distal SA residues impede access to the mannose core? 31099376 11 52 theme sugars 1778:1783 arg1 selection 1749:1757 selection 1749:1757 selection 1749:1757 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 11 52 theme sugars 1778:1783 arg1 positioning 1763:1773 positioning 1763:1773 positioning 1763:1773 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 1 53 theme mannose 182:188 arg1 residues 190:197 mannose residues 182:197 mannose residues 182:197 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 8 54 theme brittle 1434:1440 arg1 release 1443:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release 1419:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses 1419:1497 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 4 55 theme VSV-G 579:583 arg1 glycan 585:590 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield 562:597 the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus 562:619 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 6 56 theme Deep-indentation 892:907 arg1 mechanics 909:917 Deep-indentation mechanics 892:917 Deep-indentation mechanics 892:917 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 4 57 theme force-spectroscopy 639:656 arg1 solutions 680:688 force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions 639:688 force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions 639:688 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 11 58 dep selection 1749:1757 arg1 The 1745:1747 The 1745:1747 The 1745:1747 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 8 59 theme adhesion 1454:1461 arg1 release 1443:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release 1419:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses 1419:1497 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 4 60 theme gold-nanoparticle 662:678 arg1 solutions 680:688 force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions 639:688 force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions 639:688 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 1 61 theme glycan 126:131 arg1 shields 133:139 The complex-type glycan shields 109:139 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells 109:159 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 6 62 theme virus 984:988 arg1 structure 956:964 the inferred structure 943:964 the inferred structure of the engineered virus 943:988 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 5 63 theme sugar 718:722 arg1 probes 724:729 the sugar probes 714:729 the sugar probes 714:729 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 9 64 theme SA-Coated 1500:1508 arg1 probes 1510:1515 SA-Coated probes 1500:1515 SA-Coated probes 1500:1515 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 0 65 from N-glycans 13:21 arg1 HIV 44:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 0 66 theme brittle 76:82 arg1 self-adhesions 93:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 2 67 dep glycan 418:423 arg1 shield 425:430 shield 425:430 shield 425:430 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 8 68 theme mannose 1339:1345 arg1 core 1347:1350 the mannose core 1335:1350 the mannose core 1335:1350 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 11 69 theme carbohydrate 1826:1837 arg1 surfaces 1839:1846 carbohydrate surfaces 1826:1846 carbohydrate surfaces of different composition 1826:1871 The selection and positioning of sugars within a glycan shield can influence how carbohydrate surfaces of different composition adhere. 31099376 0 70 theme mannose 85:91 arg1 self-adhesions 93:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions 56:106 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 6 71 theme interaction 1044:1054 arg1 studies 1056:1062 subsequent interaction studies 1033:1062 subsequent interaction studies 1033:1062 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 7 72 dep glycan 1120:1125 arg1 shield 1127:1132 shield 1127:1132 shield 1127:1132 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 5 73 theme force 694:698 arg1 spectroscopy 700:711 force spectroscopy 694:711 force spectroscopy 694:711 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 0 74 theme VSV-G 26:30 arg1 HIV 44:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 VSV-G pseudotyped HIV 26:46 Complex-type N-glycans on VSV-G pseudotyped HIV exhibit 'tough' sialic and 'brittle' mannose self-adhesions. 31099376 1 75 theme acid 249:252 arg1 residues 259:266 sialic acid (SA) residues 242:266 sialic acid (SA) residues 242:266 The complex-type glycan shields of eukaryotic cells have a core layer of mannose residues buried under tiers of sugars that end with sialic acid (SA) residues. 31099376 9 76 theme terminal 1541:1548 arg1 layer 1553:1557 the terminal SA layer 1537:1557 the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1537:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 6 77 theme shield 1016:1021 arg1 layer 1023:1027 the glycan shield layer 1005:1027 the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies 1005:1062 Deep-indentation mechanics was performed to verify the inferred structure of the engineered virus and to isolate the glycan shield layer for subsequent interaction studies. 31099376 4 78 dep glycan 585:590 arg1 shield 592:597 shield 592:597 shield 592:597 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 2 79 theme complex-type 405:416 arg1 glycan 418:423 a complex-type glycan shield 403:430 a complex-type glycan shield 403:430 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 8 80 with consistent 1282:1291 arg1 release 1443:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release 1419:1449 a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses 1419:1497 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 8 80 with consistent 1282:1291 arg1 probes 1316:1321 mannobiose-coated probes 1298:1321 mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars 1298:1411 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 2 81 theme monolayer 351:359 arg1 studies 361:367 pure monolayer studies 346:367 pure monolayer studies 346:367 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 7 82 theme complex-type 1107:1118 arg1 glycan 1120:1125 the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan 1086:1125 the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield 1086:1132 The adhesion between the sugar-probes and complex-type glycan shield was deconvoluted by comparing against the cross- and self- adhesions between the sugars in pure monolayers. 31099376 3 83 theme distal 439:444 arg1 residues 449:456 distal SA residues 439:456 distal SA residues 439:456 Would distal SA residues impede access to the mannose core? 31099376 9 84 theme shield 1571:1576 arg1 glycan 1564:1569 a glycan 1562:1569 a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1562:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 4 85 theme lactose-coated 535:548 arg1 probes 550:555 lactose-coated probes 535:555 lactose-coated probes 535:555 The interactions of mannobiose-, SA-, and lactose-coated probes with the complex-type VSV-G glycan shield on an HIV pseudovirus were studied with force-spectroscopy and gold-nanoparticle solutions. 31099376 8 86 theme distal 1399:1404 arg1 sugars 1406:1411 distal sugars 1399:1411 distal sugars 1399:1411 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 2 87 theme residues 316:323 arg1 self-latching 291:303 the self-latching 287:303 the self-latching 287:303 We investigate if the self-latching of mannose residues, earlier reported in pure monolayer studies, also manifests in the setting of a complex-type glycan shield. 31099376 8 88 theme complementing 1255:1267 arg1 systems 1269:1275 complementing systems 1255:1275 complementing systems 1255:1275 Results from complementing systems were consistent with mannobiose-coated probes latching to the mannose core in the glycan shield, unhindered by the SA and distal sugars, with a short-range 'brittle' release of adhesion resulting in tightly coated viruses. 31099376 9 89 theme long-range 1583:1592 arg1 adhesions 1619:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions 1583:1627 long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation 1583:1670 SA-Coated probes, however, adhere to the terminal SA layer of a glycan shield with long-range and mechanically 'tough' adhesions resulting in large-scale virus aggregation. 31099376 5 90 dep glycan 773:778 arg1 shield 780:785 shield 780:785 shield 780:785 In force spectroscopy, the sugar probes can be forced to sample the depths of the glycan shield, whereas with sugar-coated nanoparticles, only interactions permitted by freely-diffusive contact occur. 31099376 10 91 theme ill-defined 1703:1713 arg1 adherence 1715:1723 ill-defined adherence 1703:1723 ill-defined adherence to sialic residues 1703:1742 Lactose-coated probes exhibit ill-defined adherence to sialic residues. 30199712 4 0 theme ITO 528:530 arg1 electrode 532:540 the modified ITO electrode 515:540 the modified ITO electrode 515:540 Anti-p53 antibodies were captured on the modified ITO electrode through the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. 30199712 6 1 theme biosensor 779:787 arg1 steps 802:806 the biosensor construction steps 775:806 the biosensor construction steps 775:806 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 2 2 theme ITO 378:380 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 1 3 theme tumor 270:274 arg1 p53 283:285 tumor marker p53 270:285 tumor marker p53 270:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 0 4 theme ITO 101:103 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 6 5 theme force 878:882 arg1 AFM 896:898 AFM 896:898 AFM 896:898 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 6 5 theme force 878:882 arg1 microscopy 884:893 atomic force microscopy 871:893 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 871:899 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 2 6 theme coated 371:376 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 7 7 theme anti-p53 924:931 arg1 antibodies 933:942 anti-p53 antibodies 924:942 anti-p53 antibodies 924:942 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 1 8 theme marker 276:281 arg1 p53 283:285 tumor marker p53 270:285 tumor marker p53 270:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 8 9 used used 1181:1184 arg2 change 1070:1075 The change 1066:1075 The change in impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen 1066:1175 The change in impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen was used to detect p53. 30199712 9 10 theme linear 1281:1286 arg1 range 1288:1292 a wide linear range 1274:1292 a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1274:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 5 11 theme electrochemical 702:716 arg1 characterization 718:733 electrochemical characterization 702:733 electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor 702:762 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 5 12 theme cyclic 649:654 arg1 CV 669:670 CV 669:670 CV 669:670 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 5 12 theme cyclic 649:654 arg1 voltammetry 656:666 cyclic voltammetry 649:666 cyclic voltammetry (CV) 649:671 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 7 13 theme Raman 1046:1050 arg1 spectroscopy 1052:1063 Raman spectroscopy 1046:1063 Raman spectroscopy 1046:1063 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 1 14 theme p53 283:285 arg1 detection 257:265 sensitive and selective detection 233:265 sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53 233:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 10 15 contain had 1374:1376 arg2 sensitivity 1383:1393 good sensitivity 1378:1393 good sensitivity 1378:1393 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 10 15 contain had 1374:1376 arg2 repeatability 1410:1422 repeatability 1410:1422 repeatability 1410:1422 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 10 15 contain had 1374:1376 arg1 immunosensor 1361:1372 The fabricated immunosensor 1346:1372 The fabricated immunosensor 1346:1372 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 10 15 contain had 1374:1376 arg2 stability 1396:1404 stability 1396:1404 stability 1396:1404 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 5 16 theme voltammetry 656:666 arg1 techniques 673:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 8 17 from change 1070:1075 arg1 impedance 1080:1088 impedance 1080:1088 impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen 1080:1175 The change in impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen was used to detect p53. 30199712 9 18 theme optimized 1207:1215 arg1 conditions 1230:1239 optimized experimental conditions 1207:1239 optimized experimental conditions 1207:1239 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 10 19 theme fabricated 1350:1359 arg1 immunosensor 1361:1372 The fabricated immunosensor 1346:1372 The fabricated immunosensor 1346:1372 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 0 20 theme analytical 119:128 arg1 platform 130:137 An analytical platform 116:137 An analytical platform for p53 detection 116:155 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 4 21 theme modified 519:526 arg1 electrode 532:540 the modified ITO electrode 515:540 the modified ITO electrode 515:540 Anti-p53 antibodies were captured on the modified ITO electrode through the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. 30199712 8 22 theme specific 1114:1121 arg1 interaction 1123:1133 the specific interaction 1110:1133 the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen 1110:1175 The change in impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen was used to detect p53. 30199712 5 23 theme spectroscopy 626:637 arg1 techniques 673:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 9 24 contain had 1270:1272 arg2 range 1288:1292 a wide linear range 1274:1292 a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1274:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 9 24 contain had 1270:1272 arg1 immunosensor 1257:1268 the fabricated immunosensor 1242:1268 the fabricated immunosensor 1242:1268 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 3 25 theme immunosensor 464:475 arg1 conductivity 444:455 the conductivity 440:455 the conductivity of the immunosensor 440:475 This composite was utilized for enhancement of the conductivity of the immunosensor. 30199712 9 26 theme wide 1276:1279 arg1 range 1288:1292 a wide linear range 1274:1292 a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1274:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 7 27 theme infrared 1013:1020 arg1 FTIR 1036:1039 FTIR 1036:1039 FTIR 1036:1039 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 7 27 theme infrared 1013:1020 arg1 spectroscopy 1022:1033 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 995:1033 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 995:1040 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 2 28 theme composite 341:349 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 3 29 theme conductivity 444:455 arg1 enhancement 425:435 enhancement 425:435 enhancement of the conductivity of the immunosensor 425:475 This composite was utilized for enhancement of the conductivity of the immunosensor. 30199712 0 30 theme Electrochemical 0:14 arg1 immunosensor 16:27 Electrochemical immunosensor 0:27 Electrochemical immunosensor 0:27 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 6 31 theme atomic 871:876 arg1 AFM 896:898 AFM 896:898 AFM 896:898 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 6 31 theme atomic 871:876 arg1 microscopy 884:893 atomic force microscopy 871:893 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 871:899 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 9 32 theme fg/mL 1339:1343 arg1 0.01-2 pg/mL 1297:1308 0.01-2 pg/mL 1297:1308 0.01-2 pg/mL 1297:1308 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 9 32 theme fg/mL 1339:1343 arg1 limit 1328:1332 low detection limit 1314:1332 low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1314:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 2 33 theme black 335:339 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 1 34 theme label-free 189:198 arg1 immunosensor 216:227 a label-free electrochemical immunosensor 187:227 a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53 187:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 4 35 theme glutaraldehyde 584:597 arg1 cross-linking 554:566 the cross-linking 550:566 the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde 550:597 Anti-p53 antibodies were captured on the modified ITO electrode through the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. 30199712 0 36 theme p53 143:145 arg1 detection 147:155 p53 detection 143:155 p53 detection 143:155 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 6 37 theme electron 841:848 arg1 SEM 862:864 SEM 862:864 SEM 862:864 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 6 37 theme electron 841:848 arg1 microscopy 850:859 scanning electron microscopy 832:859 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 832:865 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 2 38 theme chitosan/carbon 319:333 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 9 39 theme fabricated 1246:1255 arg1 immunosensor 1257:1268 the fabricated immunosensor 1242:1268 the fabricated immunosensor 1242:1268 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 1 40 theme electrochemical 200:214 arg1 immunosensor 216:227 a label-free electrochemical immunosensor 187:227 a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53 187:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 4 41 theme Anti-p53 478:485 arg1 antibodies 487:496 Anti-p53 antibodies 478:496 Anti-p53 antibodies 478:496 Anti-p53 antibodies were captured on the modified ITO electrode through the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. 30199712 10 42 theme good 1378:1381 arg1 sensitivity 1383:1393 good sensitivity 1378:1393 good sensitivity 1378:1393 The fabricated immunosensor had good sensitivity, stability and repeatability. 30199712 0 43 theme carbon 58:63 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 3 44 used utilized 412:419 arg2 composite 398:406 This composite 393:406 This composite 393:406 This composite was utilized for enhancement of the conductivity of the immunosensor. 30199712 0 45 theme chitosan/conductive 38:56 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 8 46 theme p53 1165:1167 arg1 antigen 1169:1175 p53 antigen 1165:1175 p53 antigen 1165:1175 The change in impedance which formed during the specific interaction between anti-p53 antibody and p53 antigen was used to detect p53. 30199712 9 47 theme low 1314:1316 arg1 limit 1328:1332 low detection limit 1314:1332 low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1314:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 6 48 theme scanning 832:839 arg1 SEM 862:864 SEM 862:864 SEM 862:864 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 6 48 theme scanning 832:839 arg1 microscopy 850:859 scanning electron microscopy 832:859 scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 832:865 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 30199712 1 49 theme sensitive 233:241 arg1 detection 257:265 sensitive and selective detection 233:265 sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53 233:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 0 50 theme composite 71:79 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 11 51 theme human 1484:1488 arg1 serum 1490:1494 human serum 1484:1494 human serum 1484:1494 Furthermore, it was successfully applied to analyze p53 in human serum. 30199712 9 52 theme detection 1318:1326 arg1 limit 1328:1332 low detection limit 1314:1332 low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1314:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 2 53 theme layer 365:369 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 0 54 theme black 65:69 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 9 55 theme limit 1328:1332 arg1 range 1288:1292 a wide linear range 1274:1292 a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1274:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 5 56 theme Electrochemical 600:614 arg1 EIS 640:642 EIS 640:642 EIS 640:642 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 5 56 theme Electrochemical 600:614 arg1 spectroscopy 626:637 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 600:637 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 600:643 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 4 57 theme chitosan 571:578 arg1 cross-linking 554:566 the cross-linking 550:566 the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde 550:597 Anti-p53 antibodies were captured on the modified ITO electrode through the cross-linking of chitosan and glutaraldehyde. 30199712 5 58 theme proposed 742:749 arg1 immunosensor 751:762 the proposed immunosensor 738:762 the proposed immunosensor 738:762 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 7 59 theme Fourier-transform 995:1011 arg1 FTIR 1036:1039 FTIR 1036:1039 FTIR 1036:1039 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 7 59 theme Fourier-transform 995:1011 arg1 spectroscopy 1022:1033 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 995:1033 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 995:1040 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 5 60 theme impedance 616:624 arg1 EIS 640:642 EIS 640:642 EIS 640:642 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 5 60 theme impedance 616:624 arg1 spectroscopy 626:637 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 600:637 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) 600:643 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 2 61 theme Chitosan-CB 352:362 arg1 electrode 382:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode 319:390 This immunosensor was based on chitosan/carbon black composite (Chitosan-CB) layer coated ITO electrode. 30199712 5 62 used utilized 689:696 arg2 techniques 673:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques 600:682 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 5 63 theme immunosensor 751:762 arg1 characterization 718:733 electrochemical characterization 702:733 electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor 702:762 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were utilized for electrochemical characterization of the proposed immunosensor. 30199712 9 64 theme experimental 1217:1228 arg1 conditions 1230:1239 optimized experimental conditions 1207:1239 optimized experimental conditions 1207:1239 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 7 65 theme electrode 951:959 arg1 surface 961:967 the electrode surface 947:967 the electrode surface 947:967 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 1 66 theme selective 247:255 arg1 detection 257:265 sensitive and selective detection 233:265 sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53 233:285 In this study, we fabricated a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of tumor marker p53. 30199712 0 67 theme disposable 90:99 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 7 68 theme antibodies 933:942 arg1 immobilization 906:919 The immobilization 902:919 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface 902:967 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 7 69 from immobilization 906:919 arg1 surface 961:967 the electrode surface 947:967 the electrode surface 947:967 The immobilization of anti-p53 antibodies on the electrode surface was investigated by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. 30199712 0 70 theme modified 81:88 arg1 electrode 105:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode 38:113 Electrochemical immunosensor based on chitosan/conductive carbon black composite modified disposable ITO electrode: An analytical platform for p53 detection. 30199712 9 71 theme 0.01-2 pg/mL 1297:1308 arg1 range 1288:1292 a wide linear range 1274:1292 a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL 1274:1343 Under optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 0.01-2 pg/mL and low detection limit of 3 fg/mL. 30199712 6 72 theme construction 789:800 arg1 steps 802:806 the biosensor construction steps 775:806 the biosensor construction steps 775:806 Moreover, the biosensor construction steps were monitored by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). 29986294 10 0 theme other 2497:2501 arg1 methods 2503:2509 other methods 2497:2509 other methods 2497:2509 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 9 1 theme porcine 2353:2359 arg1 tissue 2370:2375 porcine vascular tissue 2353:2375 porcine vascular tissue 2353:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 9 2 theme vascular 2361:2368 arg1 tissue 2370:2375 porcine vascular tissue 2353:2375 porcine vascular tissue 2353:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 0 3 theme decellularization 182:198 arg1 treatment 200:208 trypsin-based decellularization treatment 168:208 trypsin-based decellularization treatment 168:208 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 8 4 theme trypsin-based 1883:1895 arg1 decellularization 1897:1913 trypsin-based decellularization 1883:1913 trypsin-based decellularization 1883:1913 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 2 5 dep microstructure 601:614 arg1 the 597:599 the 597:599 the 597:599 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 4 6 theme vascular 1014:1021 arg1 tissue 1023:1028 a vascular tissue 1012:1028 a vascular tissue 1012:1028 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 8 7 theme coronary 2097:2104 arg1 artery 2106:2111 the porcine coronary artery 2085:2111 the porcine coronary artery 2085:2111 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 10 8 with combination 2480:2490 arg1 methods 2503:2509 other methods 2497:2509 other methods 2497:2509 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 9 theme optimal 2524:2530 arg1 decellularization 2556:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 9 10 theme current 2134:2140 arg1 observations 2142:2153 the current observations 2130:2153 the current observations 2130:2153 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 10 11 from concentration 2407:2419 arg1 combination 2480:2490 combination 2480:2490 combination with other methods 2480:2509 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 12 theme coronary 2540:2547 arg1 decellularization 2556:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 5 13 theme mechanical 1332:1341 arg1 parameters 1343:1352 the four mechanical parameters 1323:1352 the four mechanical parameters 1323:1352 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 8 14 theme component 1929:1937 arg1 removal 1939:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 4 15 theme pseudoelastic 986:998 arg1 behavior 1000:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 972:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue 972:1028 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 4 16 theme tissue 1023:1028 arg1 behavior 1000:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 972:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue 972:1028 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 7 17 theme glycosaminoglycans 1823:1840 arg1 decrease 1798:1805 the significant decrease 1782:1805 the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer 1782:1859 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 4 18 dep model 954:958 arg1 describe 963:970 describe 963:970 to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue 960:1028 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 4 18 dep model 954:958 arg1 evaluate 1037:1044 evaluate 1037:1044 to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1034:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 7 19 theme collagen 1810:1817 arg1 decrease 1798:1805 the significant decrease 1782:1805 the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer 1782:1859 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 4 20 theme trypsin 1061:1067 arg1 concentration 1069:1081 trypsin concentration 1061:1081 trypsin concentration 1061:1081 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 9 21 theme early 2180:2184 arg1 engagement 2186:2195 early engagement 2180:2195 early engagement 2180:2195 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 5 22 from parameters 1343:1352 arg1 directions 1471:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 4 23 from effects 1050:1056 arg1 RESULTS 1150:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 8 24 theme tensile 1976:1982 arg1 stress 1984:1989 ultimate tensile stress 1967:1989 ultimate tensile stress 1967:1989 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 2 25 theme tissues 654:660 arg1 composition 620:630 composition 620:630 composition 620:630 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 25 theme tissues 654:660 arg1 microstructure 601:614 microstructure 601:614 microstructure 601:614 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 5 26 dep strain 1368:1373 arg1 i.e. 1355:1358 i.e. 1355:1358 i.e. 1355:1358 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 0 27 theme vascular 142:149 arg1 tissue 151:156 a porcine vascular tissue 132:156 a porcine vascular tissue 132:156 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 1 28 theme vascular 456:463 arg1 graft 465:469 a small-caliber vascular graft 440:469 a small-caliber vascular graft 440:469 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 3 29 theme Previous 663:670 arg1 studies 672:678 Previous studies 663:678 Previous studies 663:678 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 8 30 theme artery 2106:2111 arg1 behavior 2073:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior 2055:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery 2055:2111 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 10 31 theme trypsin 2399:2405 arg1 < 2449:2449 < 12 h 2449:2454 < 12 h 2449:2454 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 31 theme trypsin 2399:2405 arg1 % 2432:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 31 theme trypsin 2399:2405 arg1 concentration 2407:2419 the proper trypsin concentration 2388:2419 the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) 2388:2433 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 5 32 theme stiffness 1412:1420 arg1 modulus 1422:1428 stiffness modulus 1412:1428 stiffness modulus 1412:1428 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 8 33 theme microstructure 1996:2009 arg1 preservation 1951:1962 preservation 1951:1962 preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition 1951:2025 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 8 33 theme microstructure 1996:2009 arg1 removal 1939:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 0 34 from alterations 83:93 arg1 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 0 34 from alterations 83:93 arg1 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 9 35 theme insoluble 2217:2225 arg1 fibers 2236:2241 insoluble collagen fibers 2217:2241 insoluble collagen fibers 2217:2241 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 0 36 theme property 59:66 arg1 change 68:73 the mechanical property change 44:73 the mechanical property change 44:73 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 1 37 theme extracellular 372:384 arg1 matrix 386:391 the extracellular matrix 368:391 the extracellular matrix 368:391 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 8 38 theme composition 2015:2025 arg1 preservation 1951:1962 preservation 1951:1962 preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition 1951:2025 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 8 38 theme composition 2015:2025 arg1 removal 1939:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 2 39 theme cell 554:557 arg1 removal 569:575 cell component removal 554:575 cell component removal 554:575 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 1 40 dep composition 334:344 arg1 the 321:323 the 321:323 the 321:323 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 9 41 theme fibers 2236:2241 arg1 waviness 2170:2177 waviness 2170:2177 waviness 2170:2177 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 9 41 theme fibers 2236:2241 arg1 engagement 2186:2195 early engagement 2180:2195 early engagement 2180:2195 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 9 41 theme fibers 2236:2241 arg1 re-alignment 2201:2212 re-alignment 2201:2212 re-alignment 2201:2212 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 7 42 from decrease 1798:1805 arg1 layer 1855:1859 the media layer 1845:1859 the media layer 1845:1859 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 10 43 from duration 2439:2446 arg1 combination 2480:2490 combination 2480:2490 combination with other methods 2480:2509 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 7 44 theme initial 1716:1722 arg1 modulus 1724:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 4 45 theme duration 1096:1103 arg1 effects 1050:1056 the effects 1046:1056 the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1046:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 8 46 theme pseudoelastic 2059:2071 arg1 behavior 2073:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior 2055:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery 2055:2111 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 2 47 theme based 505:509 arg1 protocol 529:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 47 theme based 505:509 arg1 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 0 48 from correlation 24:34 arg1 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 0 48 from correlation 24:34 arg1 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 10 49 theme trypsin 2460:2466 arg1 exposure 2468:2475 trypsin exposure 2460:2475 trypsin exposure 2460:2475 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 5 50 theme times 1314:1318 arg1 effects 1286:1292 The effects 1282:1292 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1282:1480 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 5 50 theme times 1314:1318 arg1 similar 1487:1493 similar 1487:1493 similar 1487:1493 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 7 51 theme media 1849:1853 arg1 layer 1855:1859 the media layer 1845:1859 the media layer 1845:1859 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 2 52 theme used 483:486 arg1 protocol 529:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 52 theme used 483:486 arg1 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 6 53 theme extracellular 1567:1579 arg1 matrix 1581:1586 the extracellular matrix 1563:1586 the extracellular matrix 1563:1586 Major components of the extracellular matrix were vulnerable to the trypsin-based decellularization process. 29986294 1 54 theme detailed 325:332 arg1 composition 334:344 detailed composition 325:344 detailed composition 325:344 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 9 55 from re-alignment 2201:2212 arg1 layer 2256:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 4 56 theme fiber-progressive-engagement 925:952 arg1 model 954:958 a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model 900:958 a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 900:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 3 57 theme mechanical 725:734 arg1 property 736:743 the mechanical property 721:743 the mechanical property change 721:750 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 5 58 theme circumferential 1516:1530 arg1 direction 1532:1540 the circumferential direction 1512:1540 the circumferential direction 1512:1540 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 6 59 theme Major 1543:1547 arg1 components 1549:1558 Major components 1543:1558 Major components of the extracellular matrix 1543:1586 Major components of the extracellular matrix were vulnerable to the trypsin-based decellularization process. 29986294 5 60 theme trypsin 1297:1303 arg1 times 1314:1318 trypsin exposure times 1297:1318 trypsin exposure times 1297:1318 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 9 61 theme uniaxial 2321:2328 arg1 property 2341:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property 2311:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue 2311:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 4 62 theme established 913:923 arg1 model 954:958 a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model 900:958 a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 900:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 5 63 theme initial 1360:1366 arg1 strain 1368:1373 initial strain 1360:1373 initial strain 1360:1373 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 1 64 theme native/decellularized 261:281 arg1 tissue 292:297 a native/decellularized vascular tissue 259:297 a native/decellularized vascular tissue 259:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 3 65 from alterations 761:771 arg1 microstructure 792:805 microstructure 792:805 microstructure 792:805 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 3 65 from alterations 761:771 arg1 composition 776:786 composition 776:786 composition 776:786 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 3 65 from alterations 761:771 arg1 process 830:836 a decellularization process 810:836 a decellularization process 810:836 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 4 66 theme artery 1125:1130 arg1 RESULTS 1150:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 6 67 theme trypsin-based 1611:1623 arg1 process 1643:1649 the trypsin-based decellularization process 1607:1649 the trypsin-based decellularization process 1607:1649 Major components of the extracellular matrix were vulnerable to the trypsin-based decellularization process. 29986294 1 68 theme tissue 292:297 arg1 behavior 247:254 The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 219:254 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue 211:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 9 69 theme tissue 2370:2375 arg1 property 2341:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property 2311:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue 2311:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 5 70 from effects 1286:1292 arg1 parameters 1343:1352 the four mechanical parameters 1323:1352 the four mechanical parameters 1323:1352 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 4 71 theme trypsin 1273:1279 arg1 exposure 1261:1268 the exposure 1257:1268 the exposure of trypsin 1257:1279 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 7 72 from increase 1704:1711 arg1 modulus 1724:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 7 72 from increase 1704:1711 arg1 direction 1751:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 7 72 from increase 1704:1711 arg1 strain 1689:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 3 73 theme decellularization 812:828 arg1 process 830:836 a decellularization process 810:836 a decellularization process 810:836 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 8 74 theme cell 1924:1927 arg1 removal 1939:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 4 75 theme nonlinear 976:984 arg1 behavior 1000:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 972:1007 the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue 972:1028 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 10 76 theme proper 2392:2397 arg1 < 2449:2449 < 12 h 2449:2454 < 12 h 2449:2454 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 76 theme proper 2392:2397 arg1 % 2432:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 76 theme proper 2392:2397 arg1 concentration 2407:2419 the proper trypsin concentration 2388:2419 the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) 2388:2433 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 77 theme artery 2549:2554 arg1 decellularization 2556:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 0 78 theme porcine 134:140 arg1 tissue 151:156 a porcine vascular tissue 132:156 a porcine vascular tissue 132:156 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 1 79 theme pseudoelastic 233:245 arg1 behavior 247:254 The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 219:254 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue 211:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 7 80 theme significant 1786:1796 arg1 decrease 1798:1805 the significant decrease 1782:1805 the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer 1782:1859 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 10 81 theme porcine 2532:2538 arg1 decellularization 2556:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization 2524:2572 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 2 82 from removal 569:575 arg1 protocol 529:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 82 from removal 569:575 arg1 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 10 83 theme < 2422:2422 arg1 % 2432:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 83 theme < 2422:2422 arg1 concentration 2407:2419 the proper trypsin concentration 2388:2419 the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) 2388:2433 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 0 84 theme tissue 151:156 arg1 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 microstructure 114:127 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 0 84 theme tissue 151:156 arg1 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 composition 98:108 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 1 85 theme small-caliber 442:454 arg1 graft 465:469 a small-caliber vascular graft 440:469 a small-caliber vascular graft 440:469 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 8 86 theme ultimate 1967:1974 arg1 stress 1984:1989 ultimate tensile stress 1967:1989 ultimate tensile stress 1967:1989 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 7 87 from decreases 1656:1664 arg1 modulus 1724:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 initial modulus 1716:1730 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 7 87 from decreases 1656:1664 arg1 direction 1751:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 7 87 from decreases 1656:1664 arg1 strain 1689:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 2 88 theme decellularized 639:652 arg1 tissues 654:660 the decellularized tissues 635:660 the decellularized tissues 635:660 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 9 89 from waviness 2170:2177 arg1 layer 2256:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 8 90 dep CONCLUSIONS 1862:1872 arg1 achieved 1915:1922 achieved 1915:1922 achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition 1915:2025 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 8 91 from alterations 2040:2050 arg1 behavior 2073:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior 2055:2080 the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery 2055:2111 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 0 92 theme trypsin-based 168:180 arg1 treatment 200:208 trypsin-based decellularization treatment 168:208 trypsin-based decellularization treatment 168:208 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 1 93 theme graft 465:469 arg1 patency 429:435 the patency 425:435 the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft 425:469 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 8 94 theme stress 1984:1989 arg1 preservation 1951:1962 preservation 1951:1962 preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition 1951:2025 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 8 94 theme stress 1984:1989 arg1 removal 1939:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 cell component removal 1924:1945 CONCLUSIONS Although trypsin-based decellularization achieved cell component removal and preservation of ultimate tensile stress, the microstructure and composition changed with alterations in the pseudoelastic behavior of the porcine coronary artery. 29986294 5 95 from similar 1487:1493 arg1 direction 1532:1540 the circumferential direction 1512:1540 the circumferential direction 1512:1540 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 3 96 theme limited 688:694 arg1 information 696:706 limited information 688:706 limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process 688:836 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 7 97 theme circumferential 1735:1749 arg1 direction 1751:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 circumferential direction 1735:1759 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 2 98 theme component 559:567 arg1 removal 569:575 cell component removal 554:575 cell component removal 554:575 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 9 99 theme collagen 2227:2234 arg1 fibers 2236:2241 insoluble collagen fibers 2217:2241 insoluble collagen fibers 2217:2241 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 1 100 theme matrix 386:391 arg1 microstructure 350:363 microstructure 350:363 microstructure 350:363 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 1 100 theme matrix 386:391 arg1 composition 334:344 detailed composition 325:344 detailed composition 325:344 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 4 101 theme coronary 1116:1123 arg1 RESULTS 1150:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 0 102 from investigation 3:15 arg1 alterations 83:93 the alterations 79:93 the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue 79:156 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 0 102 from investigation 3:15 arg1 correlation 24:34 the correlation 20:34 the correlation between the mechanical property change 20:73 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 5 103 theme initial 1392:1398 arg1 modulus 1400:1406 initial modulus 1392:1406 initial modulus 1392:1406 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 4 104 theme concentration 1069:1081 arg1 effects 1050:1056 the effects 1046:1056 the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1046:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 9 105 theme media 2250:2254 arg1 layer 2256:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 5 106 theme circumferential 1455:1469 arg1 directions 1471:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 1 107 theme nonlinear 223:231 arg1 behavior 247:254 The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 219:254 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue 211:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 4 108 theme exposure 1087:1094 arg1 duration 1096:1103 exposure duration 1087:1103 exposure duration 1087:1103 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 2 109 from effective 541:549 arg1 removal 569:575 cell component removal 554:575 cell component removal 554:575 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 10 110 theme exposure 2468:2475 arg1 < 2449:2449 < 12 h 2449:2454 < 12 h 2449:2454 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 110 theme exposure 2468:2475 arg1 % 2432:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 < 0.03-0.5% 2422:2432 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 110 theme exposure 2468:2475 arg1 duration 2439:2446 duration 2439:2446 duration 2439:2446 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 10 110 theme exposure 2468:2475 arg1 concentration 2407:2419 the proper trypsin concentration 2388:2419 the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) 2388:2433 Selecting the proper trypsin concentration (< 0.03-0.5%) and duration (< 12 h) of trypsin exposure in combination with other methods will achieve optimal porcine coronary artery decellularization. 29986294 2 111 theme enzyme-detergent 488:503 arg1 protocol 529:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 111 theme enzyme-detergent 488:503 arg1 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 6 112 theme matrix 1581:1586 arg1 components 1549:1558 Major components 1543:1558 Major components of the extracellular matrix 1543:1586 Major components of the extracellular matrix were vulnerable to the trypsin-based decellularization process. 29986294 5 113 from direction 1532:1540 arg1 effects 1286:1292 The effects 1282:1292 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1282:1480 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 5 113 from direction 1532:1540 arg1 similar 1487:1493 similar 1487:1493 similar 1487:1493 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 4 114 theme tissue 1179:1184 arg1 length 1186:1191 tissue length 1179:1191 tissue length 1179:1191 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 3 115 theme property 736:743 arg1 change 745:750 the mechanical property change 721:750 the mechanical property change 721:750 Previous studies provide limited information to correlate the mechanical property change with the alterations in composition and microstructure in a decellularization process. 29986294 5 116 theme longitudinal 1438:1449 arg1 directions 1471:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 the longitudinal and circumferential directions 1434:1480 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 9 117 from engagement 2186:2195 arg1 layer 2256:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 the media layer 2246:2260 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 4 118 theme decellularization 1132:1148 arg1 RESULTS 1150:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS 1108:1156 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 1 119 dep PURPOSE 211:217 arg1 behavior 247:254 The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior 219:254 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue 211:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 0 120 theme mechanical 48:57 arg1 change 68:73 the mechanical property change 44:73 the mechanical property change 44:73 An investigation on the correlation between the mechanical property change and the alterations in composition and microstructure of a porcine vascular tissue underwent trypsin-based decellularization treatment. 29986294 2 121 theme decellularization 511:527 arg1 protocol 529:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol 472:536 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 2 121 theme decellularization 511:527 arg1 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 effective 541:549 A commonly used enzyme-detergent based decellularization protocol is effective in cell component removal but it also changes the microstructure and composition of the decellularized tissues. 29986294 9 122 theme isotropic 2311:2319 arg1 property 2341:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property 2311:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue 2311:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 5 123 theme exposure 1305:1312 arg1 times 1314:1318 trypsin exposure times 1297:1318 trypsin exposure times 1297:1318 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 29986294 7 124 theme turning 1681:1687 arg1 strain 1689:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 9 125 theme mechanical 2330:2339 arg1 property 2341:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property 2311:2348 isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue 2311:2375 Taken together, the current observations suggested less waviness, early engagement, or re-alignment of insoluble collagen fibers in the media layer, which resulted in turning from anisotropic into isotropic uniaxial mechanical property of porcine vascular tissue. 29986294 7 126 theme initial 1669:1675 arg1 strain 1689:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 initial and turning strain 1669:1694 The decreases in initial and turning strain and the increase in initial modulus in circumferential direction were correlated with the significant decrease of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the media layer. 29986294 4 127 theme wet 1231:1233 arg1 weight 1235:1240 wet weight 1231:1240 wet weight 1231:1240 In this study, the correlations were studied by implementing a previously established fiber-progressive-engagement model to describe the nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a vascular tissue and to evaluate the effects of trypsin concentration and exposure duration on porcine coronary artery decellularization RESULTS: Results showed that tissue length and width increased and thickness and wet weight decreased with the exposure of trypsin. 29986294 1 128 theme vascular 283:290 arg1 tissue 292:297 a native/decellularized vascular tissue 259:297 a native/decellularized vascular tissue 259:297 PURPOSE The nonlinear pseudoelastic behavior of a native/decellularized vascular tissue is closely related to the detailed composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix and is important in maintaining the patency of a small-caliber vascular graft. 29986294 6 129 theme decellularization 1625:1641 arg1 process 1643:1649 the trypsin-based decellularization process 1607:1649 the trypsin-based decellularization process 1607:1649 Major components of the extracellular matrix were vulnerable to the trypsin-based decellularization process. 29986294 5 130 theme turning 1376:1382 arg1 strain 1384:1389 turning strain 1376:1389 turning strain 1376:1389 The effects of trypsin exposure times on the four mechanical parameters, i.e. initial strain, turning strain, initial modulus and stiffness modulus, in the longitudinal and circumferential directions were similar, but stronger in the circumferential direction. 30626008 0 0 theme Producer 88:95 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 10 1 theme dry 1001:1003 arg1 cells 1005:1009 dry cells 1001:1009 dry cells 1001:1009 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was isolated from dry cells, purified, and hydrolyzed by alkaline treatment. 30626008 5 2 theme single 396:401 arg1 fact 438:441 a fact 436:441 a fact that makes Shewanella sp 436:466 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 5 2 theme single 396:401 arg1 protein 415:421 a single major cargo protein 394:421 a single major cargo protein in the OMVs 394:433 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 0 3 theme OMVs 83:86 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 0 4 from Elucidation 11:21 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 5 5 theme major 403:407 arg1 fact 438:441 a fact 436:441 a fact that makes Shewanella sp 436:466 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 5 5 theme major 403:407 arg1 protein 415:421 a single major cargo protein 394:421 a single major cargo protein in the OMVs 394:433 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 3 6 theme horse 213:217 arg1 mackerel 219:226 a horse mackerel 211:226 a horse mackerel 211:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 13 7 theme Shewanella 1496:1505 arg1 species 1507:1513 Shewanella species 1496:1513 Shewanella species 1496:1513 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 5 8 theme cargo 409:413 arg1 fact 438:441 a fact 436:441 a fact that makes Shewanella sp 436:466 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 5 8 theme cargo 409:413 arg1 protein 415:421 a single major cargo protein 394:421 a single major cargo protein in the OMVs 394:433 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 0 9 theme Shewanella 97:106 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 11 10 theme acids 1130:1134 arg1 composition 1109:1119 the composition 1105:1119 the composition of fatty acids 1105:1134 The obtained OS was analyzed completely, and the composition of fatty acids was obtained by chemical methods. 30626008 3 11 theme mackerel 219:226 arg1 intestine 198:206 the intestine 194:206 the intestine of a horse mackerel 194:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 3 12 theme Gram-negative 156:168 arg1 bacterium 170:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium 141:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel 141:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 3 12 theme Gram-negative 156:168 arg1 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 7 13 theme structural 564:573 arg1 characterization 575:590 the structural characterization 560:590 the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, 560:654 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 7 14 theme components 599:608 arg1 characterization 575:590 the structural characterization 560:590 the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, 560:654 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 5 15 theme Shewanella 454:463 arg1 sp 465:466 Shewanella sp 454:466 Shewanella sp 454:466 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 9 16 theme first 896:900 arg1 step 902:905 the first step 892:905 the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles 892:950 HM13 cells as the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles. 30626008 8 17 attach isolated 849:856 arg2 OS 845:846 OS 845:846 OS 845:846 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 8 17 attach isolated 849:856 arg1 sp 874:875 Shewanella sp 863:875 Shewanella sp 863:875 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 8 17 attach isolated 849:856 arg2 oligosaccharide 828:842 the oligosaccharide 824:842 the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp 824:875 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 9 18 theme HM13 878:881 arg1 cells 883:887 HM13 cells 878:887 HM13 cells 878:887 HM13 cells as the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles. 30626008 12 19 theme mass 1264:1267 arg1 spectrometry 1269:1280 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 1254:1280 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 1254:1280 In particular, the OS was investigated in detail by ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. 30626008 8 20 theme oligosaccharide 828:842 arg1 structure 811:819 the structure 807:819 the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp 807:875 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 0 21 theme Structural 0:9 arg1 Elucidation 11:21 Structural Elucidation 0:21 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 0:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 9 22 with comparison 913:922 arg1 that 929:932 that 929:932 that 929:932 HM13 cells as the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles. 30626008 4 23 theme outer 259:263 arg1 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 23 theme outer 259:263 arg1 vesicles 274:281 outer membrane vesicles 259:281 outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) 259:288 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 13 24 theme d 1416:1416 arg1 presence 1328:1335 the presence 1324:1335 the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, 1324:1427 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 10 25 theme alkaline 1040:1047 arg1 treatment 1049:1057 alkaline treatment 1040:1057 alkaline treatment 1040:1057 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was isolated from dry cells, purified, and hydrolyzed by alkaline treatment. 30626008 5 26 from protein 415:421 arg1 OMVs 430:433 the OMVs 426:433 the OMVs 426:433 This strain biosynthesizes a single major cargo protein in the OMVs, a fact that makes Shewanella sp. 30626008 13 27 theme acid 1394:1397 arg1 presence 1328:1335 the presence 1324:1335 the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, 1324:1427 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 12 28 theme MALDI-TOF 1254:1262 arg1 spectrometry 1269:1280 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 1254:1280 MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry 1254:1280 In particular, the OS was investigated in detail by ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. 30626008 7 29 theme applications 752:763 arg1 biogenesis 719:728 biogenesis 719:728 biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications 719:763 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 4 30 theme vesicles 274:281 arg1 particles 301:309 particles 301:309 particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured 301:364 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 30 theme vesicles 274:281 arg1 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 30 theme vesicles 274:281 arg1 vesicles 274:281 outer membrane vesicles 259:281 outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) 259:288 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 30 theme vesicles 274:281 arg1 amount 249:254 a large amount 241:254 a large amount 241:254 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 3 31 attach isolated 180:187 arg1 intestine 198:206 the intestine 194:206 the intestine of a horse mackerel 194:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 3 31 attach isolated 180:187 arg2 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 3 31 attach isolated 180:187 arg2 bacterium 170:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium 141:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel 141:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 0 32 theme Lipooligosaccharide 34:52 arg1 Elucidation 11:21 Structural Elucidation 0:21 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 0:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 10 33 attach isolated 987:994 arg2 LOS 978:980 LOS 978:980 LOS 978:980 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was isolated from dry cells, purified, and hydrolyzed by alkaline treatment. 30626008 10 33 attach isolated 987:994 arg1 cells 1005:1009 dry cells 1001:1009 dry cells 1001:1009 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was isolated from dry cells, purified, and hydrolyzed by alkaline treatment. 30626008 10 33 attach isolated 987:994 arg2 lipooligosaccharide 957:975 The lipooligosaccharide 953:975 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) 953:981 The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) was isolated from dry cells, purified, and hydrolyzed by alkaline treatment. 30626008 7 34 theme fundamental 667:677 arg1 role 679:682 a fundamental role 665:682 a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications 665:763 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 12 35 theme NMR 1233:1235 arg1 spectroscopy 1237:1248 13C NMR spectroscopy 1229:1248 13C NMR spectroscopy 1229:1248 In particular, the OS was investigated in detail by ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. 30626008 4 36 theme membrane 265:272 arg1 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 36 theme membrane 265:272 arg1 vesicles 274:281 outer membrane vesicles 259:281 outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) 259:288 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 0 37 theme Novel 28:32 arg1 Lipooligosaccharide 34:52 a Novel Lipooligosaccharide 26:52 a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 26:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 6 38 theme proteins 539:546 arg1 production 499:508 the production 495:508 the production of extracellular recombinant proteins 495:546 HM13 a good candidate for the production of extracellular recombinant proteins. 30626008 12 39 theme 13C 1229:1231 arg1 spectroscopy 1237:1248 13C NMR spectroscopy 1229:1248 13C NMR spectroscopy 1229:1248 In particular, the OS was investigated in detail by ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. 30626008 6 40 theme recombinant 527:537 arg1 proteins 539:546 extracellular recombinant proteins 513:546 extracellular recombinant proteins 513:546 HM13 a good candidate for the production of extracellular recombinant proteins. 30626008 8 41 theme Shewanella 863:872 arg1 sp 874:875 Shewanella sp 863:875 Shewanella sp 863:875 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 6 42 theme extracellular 513:525 arg1 proteins 539:546 extracellular recombinant proteins 513:546 extracellular recombinant proteins 513:546 HM13 a good candidate for the production of extracellular recombinant proteins. 30626008 2 43 theme Shewanella 118:127 arg1 sp 129:130 Shewanella sp 118:130 Shewanella sp. 118:131 Shewanella sp. 30626008 13 44 from species 1507:1513 arg1 oligosaccharides 1474:1489 other oligosaccharides 1468:1489 other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species 1468:1513 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 13 45 theme residue 1342:1348 arg1 presence 1328:1335 the presence 1324:1335 the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, 1324:1427 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 7 46 theme OMVs 737:740 arg1 biogenesis 719:728 biogenesis 719:728 biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications 719:763 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 9 47 dep cells 883:887 arg1 step 902:905 the first step 892:905 the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles 892:950 HM13 cells as the first step for a comparison with that from the vesicles. 30626008 11 48 theme obtained 1064:1071 arg1 OS 1073:1074 The obtained OS 1060:1074 The obtained OS 1060:1074 The obtained OS was analyzed completely, and the composition of fatty acids was obtained by chemical methods. 30626008 7 49 theme biogenesis 719:728 arg1 mechanism 706:714 the mechanism 702:714 the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications 702:763 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 11 50 theme chemical 1152:1159 arg1 methods 1161:1167 chemical methods 1152:1167 chemical methods 1152:1167 The obtained OS was analyzed completely, and the composition of fatty acids was obtained by chemical methods. 30626008 0 51 from sp 108:109 arg1 Lipooligosaccharide 34:52 a Novel Lipooligosaccharide 26:52 a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 26:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 0 51 from sp 108:109 arg1 Elucidation 11:21 Structural Elucidation 0:21 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 0:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 13 52 theme 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic 1353:1392 arg1 Kdo8N 1400:1404 Kdo8N 1400:1404 Kdo8N 1400:1404 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 13 52 theme 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic 1353:1392 arg1 acid 1394:1397 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid 1353:1397 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) 1353:1405 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 0 53 theme Bacterium 73:81 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 8 54 theme study 782:786 arg1 aim 770:772 The aim 766:772 The aim of this study 766:786 The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the oligosaccharide (OS) isolated from Shewanella sp. 30626008 3 55 theme cold-adapted 143:154 arg1 bacterium 170:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium 141:178 a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel 141:226 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 3 55 theme cold-adapted 143:154 arg1 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 133:136 HM13 is a cold-adapted Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of a horse mackerel. 30626008 4 56 theme large 243:247 arg1 particles 301:309 particles 301:309 particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured 301:364 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 56 theme large 243:247 arg1 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 OMVs 284:287 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 56 theme large 243:247 arg1 vesicles 274:281 outer membrane vesicles 259:281 outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) 259:288 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 4 56 theme large 243:247 arg1 amount 249:254 a large amount 241:254 a large amount 241:254 It produces a large amount of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are particles released in the medium where the bacterium is cultured. 30626008 0 57 theme Antarctic 63:71 arg1 sp 108:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp 59:109 Structural Elucidation of a Novel Lipooligosaccharide from the Antarctic Bacterium OMVs Producer Shewanella sp. 30626008 7 58 theme vesicles 617:624 arg1 lipopolysaccharides 635:653 lipopolysaccharides 635:653 lipopolysaccharides 635:653 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 7 58 theme vesicles 617:624 arg1 components 599:608 the components 595:608 the components 595:608 Therefore, the structural characterization of the components of the vesicles, such as lipopolysaccharides, takes on a fundamental role for understanding the mechanism of biogenesis of the OMVs and their applications. 30626008 11 59 theme fatty 1124:1128 arg1 acids 1130:1134 fatty acids 1124:1134 fatty acids 1124:1134 The obtained OS was analyzed completely, and the composition of fatty acids was obtained by chemical methods. 30626008 13 60 theme other 1468:1472 arg1 oligosaccharides 1474:1489 other oligosaccharides 1468:1489 other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species 1468:1513 The oligosaccharide was characterized by the presence of a residue of 8-amino-3,8-dideoxy-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo8N) and of a d,d-heptose, with both residues being identified in other oligosaccharides from Shewanella species. 30626008 6 61 theme good 476:479 arg1 candidate 481:489 a good candidate 474:489 a good candidate for the production of extracellular recombinant proteins 474:546 HM13 a good candidate for the production of extracellular recombinant proteins. 29580536 2 0 theme skimmed 428:434 arg1 cheese 447:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese 416:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) 416:479 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 1 theme L 343:343 arg1 * 344:344 L* 343:344 L* 343:344 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 10 2 theme full-fat 1548:1555 arg1 cheese 1557:1562 full-fat cheese 1548:1562 full-fat cheese 1548:1562 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 2 3 theme low-fat 519:525 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 3 theme low-fat 519:525 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 3 theme low-fat 519:525 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 4 4 contain had 817:819 arg2 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 4 contain had 817:819 arg2 * 829:829 higher L* 821:829 higher L* (lightness) 821:841 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 4 contain had 817:819 arg1 SKKGM 811:815 SKKGM 811:815 SKKGM 811:815 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 4 contain had 817:819 arg1 LFKGM 801:805 LFKGM 801:805 LFKGM 801:805 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 1 5 theme natural 139:145 arg1 polysaccharide 147:160 a natural polysaccharide 137:160 a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics 137:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 5 theme natural 139:145 arg1 glucomannan 116:126 Konjac glucomannan 109:126 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) 109:132 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 6 theme potential 254:262 arg1 properties 238:247 functional properties 227:247 functional properties 227:247 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 6 theme potential 254:262 arg1 fat-replacer 264:275 a potential fat-replacer 252:275 a potential fat-replacer in dairy products 252:293 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 0 7 theme fat 95:97 arg1 replacer 99:106 a fat replacer 93:106 a fat replacer 93:106 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 9 8 theme melted 1304:1309 arg1 LFKGM 1311:1315 The melted LFKGM 1300:1315 The melted LFKGM 1300:1315 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 2 9 theme low-fat 416:422 arg1 cheese 447:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese 416:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) 416:479 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 6 10 theme a 1007:1007 arg1 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 10 theme a 1007:1007 arg1 values 1010:1015 The a* values 1003:1015 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1003:1046 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 10 theme a 1007:1007 arg1 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 3 11 contain had 775:777 arg2 aw 784:785 high aw 779:785 high aw 779:785 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 3 11 contain had 775:777 arg1 SKKGM 769:773 SKKGM 769:773 SKKGM 769:773 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 7 12 theme SKKGM 1154:1158 arg1 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 12 theme SKKGM 1154:1158 arg1 values 1121:1126 The b* values 1114:1126 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1114:1158 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 12 theme SKKGM 1154:1158 arg1 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 2 13 theme full-fat 509:516 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 13 theme full-fat 509:516 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 13 theme full-fat 509:516 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 14 with cheese 447:452 arg1 KGM 459:461 KGM 459:461 KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) 459:479 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 3 15 theme higher 740:745 arg1 moisture 747:754 higher moisture 740:754 higher moisture 740:754 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 3 16 theme similar 668:674 arg1 composition 676:686 similar composition 668:686 similar composition 668:686 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 8 17 theme Grated 1204:1209 arg1 SKKGM 1211:1215 Grated SKKGM 1204:1215 Grated SKKGM 1204:1215 Grated SKKGM exhibited lower firmness than SKC, and LFKGM exhibited higher stickiness than LFC. 29580536 4 18 contain had 885:887 arg1 LFKGM 879:883 LFKGM 879:883 LFKGM 879:883 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 18 contain had 885:887 arg2 whiteness 897:905 similar whiteness 889:905 similar whiteness to FFC 889:912 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 2 19 theme storage 619:625 arg1 storage 619:625 storage 619:625 storage at 4 °C 619:633 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 19 theme storage 619:625 arg1 0 591:591 0 591:591 0 591:591 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 20 theme b 354:354 arg1 * 355:355 b* 354:355 b* before and after heating 354:380 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 21 theme textural 388:395 arg1 characteristics 397:411 textural characteristics 388:411 textural characteristics 388:411 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 7 22 theme LFKGM 1144:1148 arg1 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 22 theme LFKGM 1144:1148 arg1 values 1121:1126 The b* values 1114:1126 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1114:1158 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 22 theme LFKGM 1144:1148 arg1 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 2 23 theme cheese 550:555 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 23 theme cheese 550:555 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 23 theme cheese 550:555 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 4 24 theme L 828:828 arg1 * 829:829 higher L* 821:829 higher L* (lightness) 821:841 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 24 theme L 828:828 arg1 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 7 25 theme * 1119:1119 arg1 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 25 theme * 1119:1119 arg1 values 1121:1126 The b* values 1114:1126 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1114:1158 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 25 theme * 1119:1119 arg1 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 2 26 theme Mozzarella 539:548 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 26 theme Mozzarella 539:548 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 26 theme Mozzarella 539:548 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 27 theme cheese 447:452 arg1 characteristics 397:411 textural characteristics 388:411 textural characteristics 388:411 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 27 theme cheese 447:452 arg1 browning 333:340 browning 333:340 browning 333:340 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 27 theme cheese 447:452 arg1 color 323:327 color 323:327 color 323:327 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 27 theme cheese 447:452 arg1 composition 310:320 composition 310:320 composition 310:320 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 28 dep color 323:327 arg1 * 344:344 L* 343:344 L* 343:344 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 28 dep color 323:327 arg1 * 348:348 a* 347:348 a* 347:348 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 28 dep color 323:327 arg1 * 355:355 b* 354:355 b* before and after heating 354:380 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 6 29 theme SKKGM 1042:1046 arg1 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 29 theme SKKGM 1042:1046 arg1 values 1010:1015 The a* values 1003:1015 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1003:1046 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 29 theme SKKGM 1042:1046 arg1 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 1 30 theme several 167:173 arg1 characteristics 197:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 0 31 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 29:38 Physicochemical and textural properties 0:38 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese 0:59 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 1 32 theme dairy 280:284 arg1 products 286:293 dairy products 280:293 dairy products 280:293 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 2 33 theme skimmed 531:537 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 33 theme skimmed 531:537 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 33 theme skimmed 531:537 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 34 theme a 347:347 arg1 * 348:348 a* 347:348 a* 347:348 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 35 dep controls 557:564 arg1 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 SKC 580:582 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 35 dep controls 557:564 arg1 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 LFC 572:574 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 35 dep controls 557:564 arg1 controls 557:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls 509:564 full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) 509:583 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 1 36 from fat-replacer 264:275 arg1 products 286:293 dairy products 280:293 dairy products 280:293 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 37 theme nutritional 185:195 arg1 characteristics 197:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 0 38 theme textural 20:27 arg1 properties 29:38 Physicochemical and textural properties 0:38 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese 0:59 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 9 39 contain had 1327:1329 arg2 resistance 1339:1348 similar resistance 1331:1348 similar resistance 1331:1348 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 9 39 contain had 1327:1329 arg1 SKKGM 1321:1325 SKKGM 1321:1325 SKKGM 1321:1325 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 9 39 contain had 1327:1329 arg2 quality 1362:1368 stretch quality 1354:1368 stretch quality 1354:1368 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 9 39 contain had 1327:1329 arg1 LFKGM 1311:1315 The melted LFKGM 1300:1315 The melted LFKGM 1300:1315 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 9 40 theme stretch 1354:1360 arg1 quality 1362:1368 stretch quality 1354:1368 stretch quality 1354:1368 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 7 41 theme b 1118:1118 arg1 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 yellowness 1129:1138 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 41 theme b 1118:1118 arg1 values 1121:1126 The b* values 1114:1126 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1114:1158 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 7 41 theme b 1118:1118 arg1 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 higher 1165:1170 The b* values (yellowness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were higher than LFC and SKC, respectively. 29580536 4 42 theme similar 889:895 arg1 whiteness 897:905 similar whiteness 889:905 similar whiteness to FFC 889:912 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 0 43 theme mozzarella 43:52 arg1 cheese 54:59 mozzarella cheese 43:59 mozzarella cheese 43:59 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 5 44 theme browning 953:960 arg1 factor 962:967 the browning factor 949:967 the browning factor 949:967 However, the browning factor was not affected by KGM addition. 29580536 1 45 theme favorable 175:183 arg1 characteristics 197:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 10 46 theme potential 1629:1637 arg1 KGM 1614:1616 KGM 1614:1616 KGM 1614:1616 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 46 theme potential 1629:1637 arg1 replacer 1643:1650 a potential fat replacer 1627:1650 a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese 1627:1682 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 47 theme Mozzarella 1666:1675 arg1 cheese 1677:1682 Mozzarella cheese 1666:1682 Mozzarella cheese 1666:1682 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 3 48 contain had 664:666 arg2 composition 676:686 similar composition 668:686 similar composition 668:686 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 3 48 contain had 664:666 arg1 LFKGM 648:652 LFKGM 648:652 LFKGM 648:652 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 3 48 contain had 664:666 arg1 SKKGM 658:662 SKKGM 658:662 SKKGM 658:662 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 4 49 theme higher 821:826 arg1 * 829:829 higher L* 821:829 higher L* (lightness) 821:841 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 4 49 theme higher 821:826 arg1 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 lightness 832:840 The LFKGM and SKKGM had higher L* (lightness) than LFC and SKC, respectively, and LFKGM had similar whiteness to FFC before and after heating. 29580536 3 50 contain had 736:738 arg1 LFKGM 730:734 LFKGM 730:734 LFKGM 730:734 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 3 50 contain had 736:738 arg2 moisture 747:754 higher moisture 740:754 higher moisture 740:754 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 8 51 theme lower 1227:1231 arg1 firmness 1233:1240 lower firmness 1227:1240 lower firmness 1227:1240 Grated SKKGM exhibited lower firmness than SKC, and LFKGM exhibited higher stickiness than LFC. 29580536 1 52 theme Konjac 109:114 arg1 polysaccharide 147:160 a natural polysaccharide 137:160 a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics 137:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 52 theme Konjac 109:114 arg1 KGM 129:131 KGM 129:131 KGM 129:131 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 52 theme Konjac 109:114 arg1 glucomannan 116:126 Konjac glucomannan 109:126 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) 109:132 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 0 53 theme cheese 54:59 arg1 properties 29:38 Physicochemical and textural properties 0:38 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese 0:59 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 8 54 theme higher 1272:1277 arg1 stickiness 1279:1288 higher stickiness 1272:1288 higher stickiness 1272:1288 Grated SKKGM exhibited lower firmness than SKC, and LFKGM exhibited higher stickiness than LFC. 29580536 2 55 dep KGM 459:461 arg1 SKKGM 474:478 SKKGM 474:478 SKKGM 474:478 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 2 55 dep KGM 459:461 arg1 LFKGM 464:468 LFKGM 464:468 LFKGM 464:468 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 6 56 theme * 1008:1008 arg1 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 56 theme * 1008:1008 arg1 values 1010:1015 The a* values 1003:1015 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1003:1046 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 56 theme * 1008:1008 arg1 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 9 57 theme similar 1331:1337 arg1 resistance 1339:1348 similar resistance 1331:1348 similar resistance 1331:1348 The melted LFKGM and SKKGM had similar resistance and stretch quality to LFC and SKC when they were stretched, respectively. 29580536 5 58 theme KGM 989:991 arg1 addition 993:1000 KGM addition 989:1000 KGM addition 989:1000 However, the browning factor was not affected by KGM addition. 29580536 1 59 with polysaccharide 147:160 arg1 characteristics 197:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 several favorable nutritional characteristics 167:211 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 3 60 theme high 779:782 arg1 aw 784:785 high aw 779:785 high aw 779:785 In general, LFKGM and SKKGM had similar composition to LFC and SKC, respectively, except that LFKGM had higher moisture than LFC and SKKGM had high aw than SKC. 29580536 6 61 theme LFKGM 1032:1036 arg1 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 greenness 1018:1026 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 61 theme LFKGM 1032:1036 arg1 values 1010:1015 The a* values 1003:1015 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM 1003:1046 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 6 61 theme LFKGM 1032:1036 arg1 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 negative 1058:1065 The a* values (greenness) of LFKGM and SKKGM were more negative than for LFC and SKC before and after heating. 29580536 2 62 from 4 °C 630:633 arg1 storage 619:625 storage 619:625 storage at 4 °C 619:633 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 10 63 dep lightness 1444:1452 arg1 the 1440:1442 the 1440:1442 the 1440:1442 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 64 from changes 1429:1435 arg1 cheeses 1512:1518 the cheeses 1508:1518 the cheeses 1508:1518 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 64 from changes 1429:1435 arg1 firmness 1468:1475 firmness 1468:1475 firmness 1468:1475 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 64 from changes 1429:1435 arg1 moisture 1455:1462 moisture 1455:1462 moisture 1455:1462 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 64 from changes 1429:1435 arg1 lightness 1444:1452 lightness 1444:1452 lightness 1444:1452 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 1 65 theme functional 227:236 arg1 properties 238:247 functional properties 227:247 functional properties 227:247 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 1 65 theme functional 227:236 arg1 fat-replacer 264:275 a potential fat-replacer 252:275 a potential fat-replacer in dairy products 252:293 Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a natural polysaccharide with several favorable nutritional characteristics, and exhibits functional properties as a potential fat-replacer in dairy products. 29580536 0 66 theme konjac 71:76 arg1 glucomannan 78:88 konjac glucomannan 71:88 konjac glucomannan 71:88 Physicochemical and textural properties of mozzarella cheese made with konjac glucomannan as a fat replacer. 29580536 2 67 theme Mozzarella 436:445 arg1 cheese 447:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese 416:452 low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) 416:479 In our study, composition, color and browning (L*, a* and b* before and after heating), and textural characteristics of low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese with KGM (LFKGM and SKKGM) were compared with those of full-fat, low-fat and skimmed Mozzarella cheese controls (FFC, LFC and SKC) after 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage at 4 °C. 29580536 10 68 theme fat 1639:1641 arg1 KGM 1614:1616 KGM 1614:1616 KGM 1614:1616 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 68 theme fat 1639:1641 arg1 replacer 1643:1650 a potential fat replacer 1627:1650 a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese 1627:1682 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 29580536 10 69 theme KGM 1492:1494 arg1 addition 1496:1503 KGM addition 1492:1503 KGM addition 1492:1503 The changes in the lightness, moisture and firmness as affected by KGM addition in the cheeses were more close to those of full-fat cheese compared with the cheeses without KGM, indicating KGM would be a potential fat replacer to be used in Mozzarella cheese. 30191939 5 0 theme autofluorescence 1069:1084 arg1 influence 1056:1064 the influence 1052:1064 the influence of autofluorescence 1052:1084 In addition, Raman microscopy was used to track the localization of particles to avoid the influence of autofluorescence. 30191939 6 1 theme Raman 1254:1258 arg1 signal 1260:1265 signal 1260:1265 signal 1260:1265 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 3 2 theme hydrogel 513:520 arg1 shells 522:527 hydrogel shells 513:527 hydrogel shells 513:527 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 2 3 theme tagged 296:301 arg1 proteins 303:310 tagged proteins 296:310 tagged proteins 296:310 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 4 4 from substrate 904:912 arg1 air 917:919 air 917:919 air 917:919 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 3 5 theme standard 695:702 arg1 conditions 712:721 standard culture conditions 695:721 standard culture conditions 695:721 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 6 6 theme hydrogel 1231:1238 arg1 shells 1240:1245 the hydrogel shells 1227:1245 the hydrogel shells 1227:1245 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 7 used used 1129:1132 arg2 analysis 1117:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 2 8 theme elegans 330:336 arg1 worms 351:355 Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms 315:355 Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 315:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 7 9 theme other 1580:1584 arg1 insects 1586:1592 other insects 1580:1592 other insects 1580:1592 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 6 10 contain containing 1216:1225 arg2 shells 1240:1245 the hydrogel shells 1227:1245 the hydrogel shells 1227:1245 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 10 contain containing 1216:1225 arg1 nematode 1207:1214 a nematode 1205:1214 a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1205:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 11 theme nematode 1207:1214 arg1 area 1197:1200 an area 1194:1200 an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1194:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 12 theme SERS 1286:1289 arg1 effect 1327:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect 1282:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1282:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 12 theme SERS 1286:1289 arg1 Scattering 1315:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 13 from shells 1397:1402 arg1 present 1382:1388 present 1382:1388 present 1382:1388 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 14 dep Enhanced 1300:1307 arg1 Surface 1292:1298 Surface 1292:1298 Surface 1292:1298 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 4 15 theme laser 872:876 arg1 effect 878:883 the laser effect 868:883 the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air 868:919 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 7 16 theme gene 1552:1555 arg1 delivery 1557:1564 gene delivery 1552:1564 gene delivery 1552:1564 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 4 17 theme shells 738:743 arg1 Uptake 724:729 Uptake 724:729 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans 724:757 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 3 18 from storage 577:583 arg1 state 604:608 the lyophilized state 588:608 the lyophilized state 588:608 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 6 19 theme hot 1341:1343 arg1 spots 1345:1349 hot spots 1341:1349 hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1341:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 7 20 theme possible 1523:1530 arg1 strategy 1539:1546 a possible future strategy 1521:1546 a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms 1521:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 0 21 from release 21:27 arg1 elegans 43:49 C. elegans 40:49 C. elegans 40:49 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 0 22 theme silver 62:67 arg1 shells 101:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 0 23 theme hydrogel 92:99 arg1 shells 101:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 4 24 from shells 843:848 arg1 effect 878:883 the laser effect 868:883 the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air 868:919 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 4 24 from shells 843:848 arg1 release 821:827 release 821:827 release from alginate shells in C. elegans 821:862 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 6 25 theme Raman 1309:1313 arg1 effect 1327:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect 1282:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1282:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 25 theme Raman 1309:1313 arg1 Scattering 1315:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 0 26 theme Laser-induced 0:12 arg1 release 21:27 Laser-induced remote release 0:27 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 0:107 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 7 27 theme other 1598:1602 arg1 organisms 1604:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 6 28 theme due 1334:1336 arg1 effect 1327:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect 1282:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1282:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 28 theme due 1334:1336 arg1 Scattering 1315:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 29 theme present 1382:1388 arg1 nanoparticles 1368:1380 silver nanoparticles 1361:1380 silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1361:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 1 30 theme Non-destructive 109:123 arg1 release 161:167 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release 109:167 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells 109:180 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 2 31 theme novel 409:413 arg1 shells 424:429 novel hydrogel shells 409:429 novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 409:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 6 32 theme silver 1361:1366 arg1 nanoparticles 1368:1380 silver nanoparticles 1361:1380 silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1361:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 7 33 theme intestinal 1464:1473 arg1 microbiota 1475:1484 intestinal microbiota 1464:1484 intestinal microbiota 1464:1484 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 3 34 theme new 501:503 arg1 type 505:508 A new type 499:508 A new type of hydrogel shells 499:527 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 0 35 theme C. 40:41 arg1 elegans 43:49 C. elegans 40:49 C. elegans 40:49 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 7 36 dep in 1409:1410 arg1 vivo 1412:1415 vivo 1412:1415 vivo 1412:1415 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 6 37 theme cluster 1100:1106 arg1 analysis 1117:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 7 38 from strategy 1539:1546 arg1 worms 1573:1577 the worms 1569:1577 the worms 1569:1577 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 38 from strategy 1539:1546 arg1 insects 1586:1592 other insects 1580:1592 other insects 1580:1592 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 38 from strategy 1539:1546 arg1 organisms 1604:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 4 39 theme laser 788:792 arg1 microscopy 803:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 3 40 theme shells 522:527 arg1 type 505:508 A new type 499:508 A new type of hydrogel shells 499:527 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 2 41 from shells 424:429 arg1 light 385:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 2 41 from shells 424:429 arg1 trigger 396:402 a trigger 394:402 a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 394:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 3 42 from place 666:670 arg1 plate 683:687 an agar plate 675:687 an agar plate 675:687 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 3 43 theme agar 678:681 arg1 plate 683:687 an agar plate 675:687 an agar plate 675:687 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 2 44 theme proteins 303:310 arg1 release 285:291 the remote release 274:291 the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 274:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 7 45 from microbiota 1475:1484 arg1 worms 1573:1577 the worms 1569:1577 the worms 1569:1577 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 45 from microbiota 1475:1484 arg1 insects 1586:1592 other insects 1580:1592 other insects 1580:1592 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 45 from microbiota 1475:1484 arg1 organisms 1604:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 46 theme in 1409:1410 arg1 release 1417:1423 The in vivo release 1405:1423 The in vivo release demonstrated here 1405:1441 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 3 47 theme culture 704:710 arg1 conditions 712:721 standard culture conditions 695:721 standard culture conditions 695:721 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 1 48 theme time- 199:203 arg1 processes 224:232 time- and space-specific processes 199:232 time- and space-specific processes in biology 199:243 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 4 49 theme alginate 834:841 arg1 shells 843:848 alginate shells 834:848 alginate shells 834:848 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 6 50 theme Enhanced 1300:1307 arg1 effect 1327:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect 1282:1332 the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1282:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 50 theme Enhanced 1300:1307 arg1 Scattering 1315:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering 1292:1324 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 3 51 theme prolonged 567:575 arg1 storage 577:583 prolonged storage 567:583 prolonged storage in the lyophilized state 567:608 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 1 52 theme space-specific 209:222 arg1 processes 224:232 time- and space-specific processes 199:232 time- and space-specific processes in biology 199:243 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 2 53 theme laser 379:383 arg1 light 385:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 2 53 theme laser 379:383 arg1 trigger 396:402 a trigger 394:402 a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 394:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 6 54 from present 1382:1388 arg1 shells 1397:1402 the shells 1393:1402 the shells 1393:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 3 55 theme lyophilized 592:602 arg1 state 604:608 the lyophilized state 588:608 the lyophilized state 588:608 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 6 56 theme area 1197:1200 arg1 composition 1179:1189 the biochemical composition 1163:1189 the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1163:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 4 57 from effect 878:883 arg1 shells 892:897 the shells 888:897 the shells 888:897 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 4 57 from effect 878:883 arg1 substrate 904:912 a substrate 902:912 a substrate in air 902:919 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 4 57 from effect 878:883 arg1 elegans 856:862 C. elegans 853:862 C. elegans 853:862 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 2 58 theme remote 278:283 arg1 release 285:291 the remote release 274:291 the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 274:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 1 59 from processes 224:232 arg1 biology 237:243 biology 237:243 biology 237:243 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 2 60 from release 285:291 arg1 worms 351:355 Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms 315:355 Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 315:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 7 61 theme future 1532:1537 arg1 strategy 1539:1546 a possible future strategy 1521:1546 a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms 1521:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 0 62 from shells 101:106 arg1 release 21:27 Laser-induced remote release 0:27 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 0:107 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 2 63 dep elegans 330:336 arg1 elegans 342:348 C. elegans 339:348 C. elegans 339:348 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 0 64 theme novel 56:60 arg1 shells 101:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 1 65 theme light-induced 147:159 arg1 release 161:167 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release 109:167 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells 109:180 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 6 66 theme biochemical 1167:1177 arg1 composition 1179:1189 the biochemical composition 1163:1189 the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1163:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 67 attach present 1382:1388 arg2 nanoparticles 1368:1380 silver nanoparticles 1361:1380 silver nanoparticles present in the shells 1361:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 6 67 attach present 1382:1388 arg1 shells 1397:1402 the shells 1393:1402 the shells 1393:1402 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 1 68 dep Non-destructive 109:123 arg1 remote 140:145 remote 140:145 remote 140:145 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 1 68 dep Non-destructive 109:123 arg1 controllable 126:137 controllable 126:137 controllable 126:137 Non-destructive, controllable, remote light-induced release inside cells enables studying time- and space-specific processes in biology. 30191939 0 69 theme nanoparticles-alginate 69:90 arg1 shells 101:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells 56:106 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 5 70 used used 999:1002 arg2 microscopy 984:993 Raman microscopy 978:993 Raman microscopy 978:993 In addition, Raman microscopy was used to track the localization of particles to avoid the influence of autofluorescence. 30191939 4 71 theme fluorescence 940:951 arg1 microscopy 953:962 fluorescence microscopy 940:962 fluorescence microscopy 940:962 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 0 72 theme remote 14:19 arg1 release 21:27 Laser-induced remote release 0:27 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 0:107 Laser-induced remote release in vivo in C. elegans from novel silver nanoparticles-alginate hydrogel shells. 30191939 4 73 from release 821:827 arg1 shells 892:897 the shells 888:897 the shells 888:897 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 4 73 from release 821:827 arg1 substrate 904:912 a substrate 902:912 a substrate in air 902:919 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 4 73 from release 821:827 arg1 elegans 856:862 C. elegans 853:862 C. elegans 853:862 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 2 74 theme silver 451:456 arg1 nanoparticles 458:470 silver nanoparticles 451:470 silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 451:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 5 75 theme particles 1033:1041 arg1 localization 1017:1028 the localization 1013:1028 the localization of particles 1013:1041 In addition, Raman microscopy was used to track the localization of particles to avoid the influence of autofluorescence. 30191939 7 76 from compounds 1500:1508 arg1 worms 1573:1577 the worms 1569:1577 the worms 1569:1577 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 76 from compounds 1500:1508 arg1 insects 1586:1592 other insects 1580:1592 other insects 1580:1592 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 7 76 from compounds 1500:1508 arg1 organisms 1604:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 other organisms 1598:1612 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 2 77 theme hydrogel 415:422 arg1 shells 424:429 novel hydrogel shells 409:429 novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 409:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 7 78 theme probiotic 1490:1498 arg1 compounds 1500:1508 probiotic compounds 1490:1508 probiotic compounds 1490:1508 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 5 79 theme Raman 978:982 arg1 microscopy 984:993 Raman microscopy 978:993 Raman microscopy 978:993 In addition, Raman microscopy was used to track the localization of particles to avoid the influence of autofluorescence. 30191939 2 80 theme laser 486:490 arg1 light 492:496 laser light 486:496 laser light 486:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 7 81 used used 1450:1453 arg2 release 1417:1423 The in vivo release 1405:1423 The in vivo release demonstrated here 1405:1441 The in vivo release demonstrated here can be used to study intestinal microbiota and probiotic compounds as well as a possible future strategy for gene delivery in the worms, other insects and other organisms. 30191939 3 82 theme shell 638:642 arg1 uptake 624:629 the uptake 620:629 the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions 620:721 A new type of hydrogel shells was developed capable of withstanding prolonged storage in the lyophilized state to enable the uptake of the shell by worms, which takes place on an agar plate under standard culture conditions. 30191939 4 83 theme scanning 794:801 arg1 microscopy 803:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 6 84 theme spectral 1108:1115 arg1 analysis 1117:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 2 85 theme responsive 472:481 arg1 nanoparticles 458:470 silver nanoparticles 451:470 silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 451:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 6 86 theme Hierarchical 1087:1098 arg1 analysis 1117:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis 1087:1124 Hierarchical cluster spectral analysis is used to extract information about the biochemical composition of an area of a nematode containing the hydrogel shells, whose Raman signal is enhanced by the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect due to hot spots formed by silver nanoparticles present in the shells. 30191939 4 87 theme confocal 779:786 arg1 microscopy 803:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 confocal laser scanning microscopy 779:812 Uptake of the shells by C. elegans was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, while release from alginate shells in C. elegans and the laser effect on the shells on a substrate in air was followed using fluorescence microscopy. 30191939 2 88 theme near-infrared 365:377 arg1 light 385:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 a near-infrared laser light 363:389 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 30191939 2 88 theme near-infrared 365:377 arg1 trigger 396:402 a trigger 394:402 a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light 394:496 In this work we demonstrate the remote release of tagged proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) worms using a near-infrared laser light as a trigger from novel hydrogel shells functionalized with silver nanoparticles responsive to laser light. 29572148 0 0 theme beads 74:78 arg1 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 characterization 16:31 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 0 0 theme beads 74:78 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 0 0 theme beads 74:78 arg1 adsorption 88:97 its adsorption 84:97 its adsorption for fluoride 84:110 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 1 1 theme in-situ 256:262 arg1 reaction 264:271 in-situ reaction 256:271 in-situ reaction 256:271 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 6 2 theme Langmuir 962:969 arg1 model 980:984 Langmuir isotherm model 962:984 Langmuir isotherm model 962:984 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 8 3 theme low 1243:1245 arg1 field 1256:1260 a low magnetic field 1241:1260 a low magnetic field 1241:1260 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads could be easily separated from water under a low magnetic field. 29572148 1 4 theme Fe3O4/CS/Al 191:201 arg1 OH 185:186 Al(OH)3 182:188 Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) 182:207 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 1 4 theme Fe3O4/CS/Al 191:201 arg1 OH 203:204 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 191:206 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 191:206 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 3 5 theme fluorion 641:648 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 5 theme fluorion 641:648 arg1 concentration 650:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 5 6 theme magnetic 830:837 arg1 OH 851:852 magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 830:854 magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 830:854 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 8 7 theme Fe3O4/CS/Al 1175:1185 arg1 beads 1192:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads could be easily separated from water under a low magnetic field. 29572148 5 8 theme Langmuir 876:883 arg1 model 894:898 the Langmuir isotherm model 872:898 the Langmuir isotherm model 872:898 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 8 9 theme magnetic 1247:1254 arg1 field 1256:1260 a low magnetic field 1241:1260 a low magnetic field 1241:1260 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads could be easily separated from water under a low magnetic field. 29572148 5 10 theme isotherm 885:892 arg1 model 894:898 the Langmuir isotherm model 872:898 the Langmuir isotherm model 872:898 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 6 11 theme kinetic 1055:1061 arg1 model 1063:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 6 12 theme adsorption 994:1003 arg1 kinetics 1005:1012 the adsorption kinetics 990:1012 the adsorption kinetics 990:1012 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 2 13 theme infrared 337:344 arg1 spectroscopy 346:357 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 319:357 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 319:357 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 2 14 theme sample 461:466 arg1 magnetometer 468:479 vibrating sample magnetometer 451:479 vibrating sample magnetometer 451:479 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 2 15 theme X-ray 427:431 arg1 spectroscopy 433:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 2 16 theme Fourier-transform 319:335 arg1 spectroscopy 346:357 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 319:357 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 319:357 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 8 17 theme OH 1187:1188 arg1 beads 1192:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads could be easily separated from water under a low magnetic field. 29572148 2 18 theme electron 388:395 arg1 microscopy 397:406 scanning electron microscopy 379:406 scanning electron microscopy 379:406 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 4 19 theme OH 787:788 arg1 properties 767:776 the adsorption properties 752:776 the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3 752:790 The addition of Fe3O4 could enhance the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3. 29572148 5 20 theme saturated 797:805 arg1 capacity 818:825 The saturated adsorption capacity 793:825 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model 793:898 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 2 21 theme scanning 379:386 arg1 microscopy 397:406 scanning electron microscopy 379:406 scanning electron microscopy 379:406 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 3 22 theme initial 695:701 arg1 temperature 703:713 initial temperature 695:713 initial temperature 695:713 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 6 23 theme isotherm 971:978 arg1 model 980:984 Langmuir isotherm model 962:984 Langmuir isotherm model 962:984 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 3 24 from ions 677:680 arg1 water 685:689 water 685:689 water 685:689 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 24 from ions 677:680 arg1 temperature 703:713 initial temperature 695:713 initial temperature 695:713 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 25 theme Fe3O4/CS/Al 522:532 arg1 OH 534:535 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 522:537 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 522:537 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 2 26 theme X-ray 360:364 arg1 diffraction 366:376 X-ray diffraction 360:376 X-ray diffraction 360:376 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 0 27 theme magnetic 42:49 arg1 beads 74:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 3 28 theme initial 594:600 arg1 pH 611:612 initial solution pH 594:612 initial solution pH 594:612 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 28 theme initial 594:600 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 4 29 theme adsorption 756:765 arg1 properties 767:776 the adsorption properties 752:776 the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3 752:790 The addition of Fe3O4 could enhance the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3. 29572148 1 30 theme Al 182:183 arg1 OH 185:186 Al(OH)3 182:188 Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) 182:207 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 1 30 theme Al 182:183 arg1 OH 203:204 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 191:206 Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 191:206 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 2 31 theme dispersive 416:425 arg1 spectroscopy 433:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 0 32 theme novel 36:40 arg1 beads 74:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 3 33 theme Fe3O4 573:577 arg1 pH 611:612 initial solution pH 594:612 initial solution pH 594:612 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 33 theme Fe3O4 573:577 arg1 dosage 625:630 adsorbent dosage 615:630 adsorbent dosage 615:630 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 33 theme Fe3O4 573:577 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 33 theme Fe3O4 573:577 arg1 concentration 650:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 6 34 theme F- 950:951 arg1 isotherm 938:945 The adsorption isotherm 923:945 The adsorption isotherm of F- 923:951 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 2 35 theme energy 409:414 arg1 spectroscopy 433:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 409:444 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 5 36 theme adsorption 807:816 arg1 capacity 818:825 The saturated adsorption capacity 793:825 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model 793:898 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 3 37 theme concentration 579:591 arg1 function 561:568 a function 559:568 a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration 559:662 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 37 theme concentration 579:591 arg1 Adsorption 496:505 Adsorption 496:505 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 496:537 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 5 38 theme Fe3O4/CS/Al 839:849 arg1 OH 851:852 magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 830:854 magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 830:854 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 0 39 theme Fe3O4/chitosan/Al 51:67 arg1 beads 74:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 1 40 theme modified 230:237 arg1 solvothermal 239:250 a modified solvothermal 228:250 a modified solvothermal 228:250 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 4 41 theme CS/Al 781:785 arg1 OH 787:788 CS/Al(OH)3 781:790 CS/Al(OH)3 781:790 The addition of Fe3O4 could enhance the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3. 29572148 6 42 theme order 1049:1053 arg1 model 1063:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 3 43 theme adsorbent 615:623 arg1 dosage 625:630 adsorbent dosage 615:630 adsorbent dosage 615:630 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 43 theme adsorbent 615:623 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 4 44 theme Fe3O4 732:736 arg1 addition 720:727 The addition 716:727 The addition of Fe3O4 716:736 The addition of Fe3O4 could enhance the adsorption properties of CS/Al(OH)3. 29572148 5 45 theme OH 851:852 arg1 capacity 818:825 The saturated adsorption capacity 793:825 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model 793:898 The saturated adsorption capacity of magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was 76.63mg/g at 298K. 29572148 3 46 theme solution 602:609 arg1 pH 611:612 initial solution pH 594:612 initial solution pH 594:612 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 46 theme solution 602:609 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 1 47 theme novel 115:119 arg1 beads 143:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads 113:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) 113:207 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 6 48 theme pseudo-second 1035:1047 arg1 model 1063:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 the pseudo-second order kinetic model 1031:1067 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 2 49 theme vibrating 451:459 arg1 magnetometer 468:479 vibrating sample magnetometer 451:479 vibrating sample magnetometer 451:479 The composite adsorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer, respectively. 29572148 1 50 theme magnetic 121:128 arg1 beads 143:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads 113:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) 113:207 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 29572148 8 51 theme magnetic 1166:1173 arg1 beads 1192:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads 1162:1196 The magnetic Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 beads could be easily separated from water under a low magnetic field. 29572148 6 52 theme adsorption 927:936 arg1 isotherm 938:945 The adsorption isotherm 923:945 The adsorption isotherm of F- 923:951 The adsorption isotherm of F- followed Langmuir isotherm model and the adsorption kinetics fitted better to the pseudo-second order kinetic model. 29572148 0 53 theme OH 69:70 arg1 beads 74:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads 36:78 Preparation and characterization of novel magnetic Fe3O4/chitosan/Al(OH)3 beads and its adsorption for fluoride. 29572148 3 54 theme initial 633:639 arg1 concentration 579:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Fe3O4 concentration 573:591 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 3 54 theme initial 633:639 arg1 concentration 650:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 initial fluorion concentration 633:662 Adsorption toward F- onto Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3 was investigated as a function of Fe3O4 concentration, initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluorion concentration, co-existing ions in water and initial temperature. 29572148 7 55 theme temperature 1087:1097 arg1 influence 1074:1082 The influence 1070:1082 The influence of temperature 1070:1097 The influence of temperature confirmed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. 29572148 1 56 theme bioadsorbent 130:141 arg1 beads 143:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads 113:147 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) 113:207 A novel magnetic bioadsorbent beads composed of Fe3O4, chitosan, and Al(OH)3 (Fe3O4/CS/Al(OH)3) was synthesized by a modified solvothermal and in-situ reaction. 30502429 2 0 theme new 430:432 arg1 adsorbents 434:443 The new adsorbents 426:443 The new adsorbents 426:443 The new adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc). 30502429 3 1 theme contact 638:644 arg1 time 646:649 contact time 638:649 contact time 638:649 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 4 2 theme pseudo-second 1012:1024 arg1 model 1032:1036 pseudo-second order model 1012:1036 pseudo-second order model 1012:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 5 3 theme maximum 1112:1118 arg1 capacity 1131:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity 1110:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads 1110:1197 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 5 4 theme adsorption 1055:1064 arg1 data 1066:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data 1039:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data 1039:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 6 5 theme studies 1225:1231 arg1 Results 1200:1206 Results 1200:1206 Results of thermodynamic studies 1200:1231 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 3 6 theme initial 598:604 arg1 30-150 mg/L 624:634 30-150 mg/L 624:634 30-150 mg/L 624:634 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 3 6 theme initial 598:604 arg1 concentration 609:621 initial CV concentration 598:621 initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L) 598:635 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 1 7 theme violet 393:398 arg1 removal 361:367 removal 361:367 removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium 361:423 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 5 8 dep UDL 1179:1181 arg1 beads 1193:1197 beads 1193:1197 beads 1193:1197 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 5 9 theme adsorption 1120:1129 arg1 capacity 1131:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity 1110:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads 1110:1197 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 6 10 theme ΔH° 1283:1285 arg1 10.30 1287:1291 ΔH° 10.30 1283:1291 ΔH° 10.30 1283:1291 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 0 11 theme bioadsorbent 80:91 arg1 beads 93:97 very effective bioadsorbent beads 65:97 very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 65:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 1 12 theme calcium 323:329 arg1 UDL/A 341:345 UDL/A 341:345 UDL/A 341:345 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 12 theme calcium 323:329 arg1 alginate 331:338 calcium alginate 323:338 calcium alginate (UDL/A) 323:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 4 13 theme maximum 751:757 arg1 adsorption 762:771 maximum CV adsorption 751:771 maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model 751:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 14 dep powder 268:273 arg1 UDL 301:303 UDL 301:303 UDL 301:303 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 4 15 theme 6 h. 915:918 arg1 Analysis 920:927 6 h. Analysis 915:927 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data 915:944 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 16 used used 353:356 arg2 bioadsorbents 222:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents 192:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) 192:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 0 17 theme effective 70:78 arg1 beads 93:97 very effective bioadsorbent beads 65:97 very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 65:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 18 theme thermodynamic 169:181 arg1 studies 183:189 thermodynamic studies 169:189 thermodynamic studies 169:189 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 7 19 from spontaneous 1380:1390 arg1 nature 1421:1426 nature 1421:1426 nature 1421:1426 Adsorption processes are spontaneous, physical and endothermic in nature. 30502429 7 20 theme Adsorption 1355:1364 arg1 processes 1366:1374 Adsorption processes 1355:1374 Adsorption processes 1355:1374 Adsorption processes are spontaneous, physical and endothermic in nature. 30502429 6 21 theme thermodynamic 1211:1223 arg1 studies 1225:1231 thermodynamic studies 1211:1231 thermodynamic studies 1211:1231 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 4 22 theme dye 821:823 arg1 concentration 825:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 23 theme 150 mg/L 801:808 arg1 concentration 825:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 24 theme 23 ± 1 °C 885:893 arg1 pH 6.5 840:845 pH 6.5 840:845 pH 6.5 840:845 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 24 theme 23 ± 1 °C 885:893 arg1 time 907:910 contact time 899:910 contact time 899:910 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 24 theme 23 ± 1 °C 885:893 arg1 concentration 825:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 24 theme 23 ± 1 °C 885:893 arg1 temperature 870:880 temperature 870:880 temperature of 23 ± 1 °C 870:893 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 24 theme 23 ± 1 °C 885:893 arg1 dose 864:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 3 25 dep 40 °C 682:686 arg1 to 679:680 to 679:680 to 679:680 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 1 26 theme aqueous 410:416 arg1 medium 418:423 aqueous medium 410:423 aqueous medium 410:423 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 2 27 theme isoelectric 518:528 arg1 pHpzc 538:542 pHpzc 538:542 pHpzc 538:542 The new adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc). 30502429 2 27 theme isoelectric 518:528 arg1 points 530:535 isoelectric points 518:535 isoelectric points (pHpzc) 518:543 The new adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc). 30502429 0 28 theme Urtica 0:5 arg1 alginate 29:36 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate 0:36 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 0:190 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 1 29 theme leaf 263:266 arg1 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 29 theme leaf 263:266 arg1 powder 268:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder 249:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) 249:279 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 3 30 theme CV 606:607 arg1 30-150 mg/L 624:634 30-150 mg/L 624:634 30-150 mg/L 624:634 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 3 30 theme CV 606:607 arg1 concentration 609:621 initial CV concentration 598:621 initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L) 598:635 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 4 31 theme UDL/A 732:736 arg1 beads 738:742 UDL and UDL/A beads 724:742 UDL and UDL/A beads 724:742 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 32 theme contact 899:905 arg1 time 907:910 contact time 899:910 contact time 899:910 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 33 theme 121.8 mg/g 786:795 arg1 adsorption 762:771 maximum CV adsorption 751:771 maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model 751:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 34 dep concentration 825:837 arg1 shows 946:950 shows 946:950 shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model 946:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 6 35 theme negative 1240:1247 arg1 values 1249:1254 negative values 1240:1254 negative values of ΔG° 1240:1261 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 0 36 theme leaves-calcium 14:27 arg1 alginate 29:36 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate 0:36 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 0:190 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 3 37 dep 200 mg 715:720 arg1 to 712:713 to 712:713 to 712:713 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 4 38 theme CV 971:972 arg1 adsorption 957:966 adsorption 957:966 adsorption of CV onto adsorbents 957:988 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 5 39 theme equilibrium 1043:1053 arg1 data 1066:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data 1039:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data 1039:1069 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 2 40 dep transform 475:483 arg1 infrared 485:492 infrared 485:492 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc) 475:543 The new adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc). 30502429 5 41 theme 1107 mg/g 1152:1160 arg1 capacity 1131:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity 1110:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads 1110:1197 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 4 42 theme adsorbent 854:862 arg1 dose 864:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 0 43 theme dyes 117:120 arg1 elimination 102:112 elimination 102:112 elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 102:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 44 from cost 56:59 arg1 elimination 102:112 elimination 102:112 elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 102:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 6 45 theme 10.30 1287:1291 arg1 values 1273:1278 positive values 1264:1278 positive values of ΔH° 10.30 1264:1291 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 6 45 theme 10.30 1287:1291 arg1 values 1249:1254 negative values 1240:1254 negative values of ΔG° 1240:1261 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 6 45 theme 10.30 1287:1291 arg1 6.54 kJ/mol 1297:1307 6.54 kJ/mol 1297:1307 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads 1297:1339 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 1 46 theme effective 199:207 arg1 bioadsorbents 222:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents 192:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) 192:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 6 47 theme positive 1264:1271 arg1 values 1273:1278 positive values 1264:1278 positive values of ΔH° 10.30 1264:1291 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 4 48 theme CV 818:819 arg1 concentration 825:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 49 theme Urtica 249:254 arg1 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 49 theme Urtica 249:254 arg1 powder 268:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder 249:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) 249:279 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 0 50 theme low 52:54 arg1 cost 56:59 a natural, low cost 41:59 cost 56:59 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 4 51 theme UDL 724:726 arg1 beads 738:742 UDL and UDL/A beads 724:742 UDL and UDL/A beads 724:742 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 52 from medium 418:423 arg1 removal 361:367 removal 361:367 removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium 361:423 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 0 53 theme natural 43:49 arg1 cost 56:59 a natural, low cost 41:59 cost 56:59 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 1 54 theme composite 285:293 arg1 beads 295:299 composite beads 285:299 composite beads 285:299 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 0 55 theme aqueous 127:133 arg1 medium 135:140 aqueous medium 127:140 aqueous medium 127:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 1 56 dep Urtica 249:254 arg1 dioica 256:261 dioica 256:261 dioica 256:261 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 57 theme cationic 372:379 arg1 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 57 theme cationic 372:379 arg1 violet 393:398 cationic dye crystal violet 372:398 cationic dye crystal violet (CV) 372:403 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 3 58 theme batch 572:576 arg1 system 578:583 batch system 572:583 batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg) 572:721 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 4 59 theme kinetics 932:939 arg1 data 941:944 kinetics data 932:944 kinetics data 932:944 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 0 60 theme Equilibrium 143:153 arg1 isotherms 155:163 Equilibrium isotherms 143:163 Equilibrium isotherms 143:163 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 61 from beads 93:97 arg1 elimination 102:112 elimination 102:112 elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 102:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 62 dep alginate 29:36 arg1 isotherms 155:163 Equilibrium isotherms 143:163 Equilibrium isotherms 143:163 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 62 dep alginate 29:36 arg1 studies 183:189 thermodynamic studies 169:189 thermodynamic studies 169:189 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 5 63 theme 1790 1143:1146 arg1 capacity 1131:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity 1110:1138 a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads 1110:1197 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 3 64 theme adsorbent 693:701 arg1 mass 703:706 adsorbent mass 693:706 adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg) 693:721 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 3 64 theme adsorbent 693:701 arg1 200 mg 715:720 200 mg 715:720 200 mg 715:720 Adsorption was studied in batch system according to initial CV concentration (30-150 mg/L), contact time, pH (2-11), temperature (10 to 40 °C) and adsorbent mass (10 to 200 mg). 30502429 4 65 theme 137.8 776:780 arg1 adsorption 762:771 maximum CV adsorption 751:771 maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model 751:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 66 theme dye 381:383 arg1 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 66 theme dye 381:383 arg1 violet 393:398 cationic dye crystal violet 372:398 cationic dye crystal violet (CV) 372:403 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 67 attach derived 236:242 arg1 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 UDL 276:278 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 67 attach derived 236:242 arg2 bioadsorbents 222:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents 192:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) 192:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 67 attach derived 236:242 arg1 powder 268:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder 249:273 Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) 249:279 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 67 attach derived 236:242 arg1 beads 295:299 composite beads 285:299 composite beads 285:299 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 2 68 dep Fourier 467:473 arg1 transform 475:483 transform 475:483 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc) 475:543 The new adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isoelectric points (pHpzc). 30502429 4 69 theme initial 810:816 arg1 concentration 825:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration 801:837 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 6 70 theme UDL/A 1329:1333 arg1 beads 1335:1339 UDL and UDL/A beads 1321:1339 UDL and UDL/A beads 1321:1339 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 1 71 theme low 213:215 arg1 bioadsorbents 222:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents 192:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) 192:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 6 72 theme ΔG° 1259:1261 arg1 values 1273:1278 positive values 1264:1278 positive values of ΔH° 10.30 1264:1291 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 6 72 theme ΔG° 1259:1261 arg1 values 1249:1254 negative values 1240:1254 negative values of ΔG° 1240:1261 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 6 72 theme ΔG° 1259:1261 arg1 6.54 kJ/mol 1297:1307 6.54 kJ/mol 1297:1307 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads 1297:1339 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 1 73 theme crystal 385:391 arg1 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 CV 401:402 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 1 73 theme crystal 385:391 arg1 violet 393:398 cationic dye crystal violet 372:398 cationic dye crystal violet (CV) 372:403 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 7 74 from nature 1421:1426 arg1 spontaneous 1380:1390 spontaneous 1380:1390 spontaneous 1380:1390 Adsorption processes are spontaneous, physical and endothermic in nature. 30502429 4 75 theme CV 759:760 arg1 adsorption 762:771 maximum CV adsorption 751:771 maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model 751:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 4 76 theme data 941:944 arg1 Analysis 920:927 6 h. Analysis 915:927 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data 915:944 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 1 77 theme cost 217:220 arg1 bioadsorbents 222:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents 192:234 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) 192:346 A very effective and low cost bioadsorbents derived from Urtica dioica leaf powder (UDL) and composite beads UDL encapsulated with calcium alginate (UDL/A) were used in removal of cationic dye crystal violet (CV) from aqueous medium. 30502429 0 78 from medium 135:140 arg1 dyes 117:120 dyes 117:120 dyes from aqueous medium 117:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 0 78 from medium 135:140 arg1 elimination 102:112 elimination 102:112 elimination of dyes from aqueous medium 102:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 4 79 theme 1 g/L 848:852 arg1 dose 864:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 1 g/L adsorbent dose 848:867 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 0 80 dep Urtica 0:5 arg1 dioica 7:12 dioica 7:12 dioica 7:12 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30502429 4 81 theme order 1026:1030 arg1 model 1032:1036 pseudo-second order model 1012:1036 pseudo-second order model 1012:1036 UDL and UDL/A beads showed maximum CV adsorption of 137.8 and 121.8 mg/g for 150 mg/L initial CV dye concentration, pH 6.5, 1 g/L adsorbent dose, temperature of 23 ± 1 °C and contact time of 6 h. Analysis of kinetics data shows that adsorption of CV onto adsorbents was well described by pseudo-second order model. 30502429 5 82 theme Langmuir 1082:1089 arg1 isotherm 1091:1098 the Langmuir isotherm 1078:1098 the Langmuir isotherm 1078:1098 The equilibrium adsorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm well with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1790 and 1107 mg/g respectively for UDL and UDL/A beads. 30502429 6 83 theme UDL 1321:1323 arg1 beads 1335:1339 UDL and UDL/A beads 1321:1339 UDL and UDL/A beads 1321:1339 Results of thermodynamic studies showed negative values of ΔG°; positive values of ΔH° 10.30 and 6.54 kJ/mol for CV onto UDL and UDL/A beads respectively. 30502429 0 84 from elimination 102:112 arg1 medium 135:140 aqueous medium 127:140 aqueous medium 127:140 Urtica dioica leaves-calcium alginate as a natural, low cost and very effective bioadsorbent beads in elimination of dyes from aqueous medium: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic studies. 30924409 14 0 theme disease 2198:2204 arg1 treatment 2162:2170 endovascular treatment 2149:2170 endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease 2149:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 9 1 theme lower 1437:1441 arg1 estimates 1459:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 6 2 from revascularization 1052:1068 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 2 from revascularization 1052:1068 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 11 3 theme Rutherford 1654:1663 arg1 category 1665:1672 ≥ 1 Rutherford category 1650:1672 ≥ 1 Rutherford category 1650:1672 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 4 theme main 897:900 arg1 outcome 909:915 main safety outcome 897:915 main safety outcome 897:915 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 9 5 theme patency 1451:1457 arg1 estimates 1459:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 14 6 theme balloon 2068:2074 arg1 angioplasty 2076:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 3 7 theme 186 561:563 arg1 lesions 581:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 1 8 theme self-expanding 299:312 arg1 stent 327:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 14 9 theme optional 2047:2054 arg1 angioplasty 2076:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 14 10 theme artery 2191:2196 arg1 disease 2198:2204 femoropopliteal artery disease 2175:2204 femoropopliteal artery disease 2175:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 0 11 theme lesions 134:140 arg1 treatment 105:113 the treatment 101:113 the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions 101:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 1 12 theme favorable 219:227 arg1 results 229:235 favorable results 219:235 favorable results 219:235 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 12 13 theme p 1852:1852 arg1 months 1844:1849 24 months 1841:1849 24 months (p < 0.001) 1841:1861 Walking distance and patient-reported pain improved persistently through 24 months (p < 0.001). 30924409 12 13 theme p 1852:1852 arg1 < 0.001 1854:1860 p < 0.001 1852:1860 p < 0.001 1852:1860 Walking distance and patient-reported pain improved persistently through 24 months (p < 0.001). 30924409 3 14 theme SE 621:622 arg1 stent 632:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 14 15 theme femoropopliteal 2175:2189 arg1 disease 2198:2204 femoropopliteal artery disease 2175:2204 femoropopliteal artery disease 2175:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 9 16 dep longer 1367:1372 arg1 mm 1389:1390 150 versus 82 mm 1375:1390 150 versus 82 mm on average 1375:1401 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 9 16 dep longer 1367:1372 arg1 p 1404:1404 p < 0.0001 1404:1413 p < 0.0001 1404:1413 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 14 17 theme Pulsar-18 2003:2011 arg1 stent 2036:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent 1999:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 1999:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 10 18 theme log-rank 1614:1621 arg1 groups 1606:1611 groups 1606:1611 groups (log-rank p = 0.542) 1606:1632 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 10 18 theme log-rank 1614:1621 arg1 p = 0.542 1623:1631 log-rank p = 0.542 1614:1631 log-rank p = 0.542 1614:1631 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 5 19 theme Eighty 758:763 arg1 lesions 765:771 Eighty lesions 758:771 Eighty lesions 758:771 Eighty lesions were concomitantly treated with drug-coated balloon (DCB). 30924409 6 20 theme target 992:997 arg1 amputation 1004:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 11 21 from % 1695:1695 arg1 months 1746:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 12 22 theme patient-reported 1789:1804 arg1 pain 1806:1809 patient-reported pain 1789:1809 patient-reported pain 1789:1809 Walking distance and patient-reported pain improved persistently through 24 months (p < 0.001). 30924409 0 23 from Effectiveness 0:12 arg1 treatment 105:113 the treatment 101:113 the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions 101:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 6 24 theme related 971:977 arg1 death 979:983 related death 971:983 related death 971:983 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 3 25 dep prospective 509:519 arg1 observational 522:534 observational 522:534 observational 522:534 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 13 26 theme patients 1938:1945 arg1 % 1909:1909 68.2 % 1904:1909 68.2 % 1904:1909 Hemodynamic improvement was achieved in 68.2 %, 73.7 %, and 70.7 % of the patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 13 26 theme patients 1938:1945 arg1 % 1917:1917 73.7 % 1912:1917 73.7 % 1912:1917 Hemodynamic improvement was achieved in 68.2 %, 73.7 %, and 70.7 % of the patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 13 26 theme patients 1938:1945 arg1 % 1929:1929 70.7 % 1924:1929 70.7 % 1924:1929 Hemodynamic improvement was achieved in 68.2 %, 73.7 %, and 70.7 % of the patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 13 26 theme patients 1938:1945 arg1 patients 1938:1945 the patients 1934:1945 the patients 1934:1945 Hemodynamic improvement was achieved in 68.2 %, 73.7 %, and 70.7 % of the patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 27 theme lesion 1045:1050 arg1 revascularization 1052:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization 1020:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1020:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 27 theme lesion 1045:1050 arg1 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 3 28 theme nitinol 624:630 arg1 stent 632:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 7 29 theme primary 1135:1141 arg1 patency 1143:1149 primary patency 1135:1149 primary patency 1135:1149 Results: Kaplan-Meier estimate of primary patency was 89.1 %, 67.3 %, and 57.1 % at 6, 12, and 24 months. 30924409 6 30 theme driven 1031:1036 arg1 revascularization 1052:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization 1020:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1020:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 30 theme driven 1031:1036 arg1 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 0 31 theme self-expanding 31:44 arg1 stent 46:50 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent 17:50 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions 17:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 3 32 with patients 547:554 arg1 lesions 581:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 6 33 theme primary 863:869 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 7 34 from months 1199:1204 arg1 % 1180:1180 57.1 % 1175:1180 57.1 % 1175:1180 Results: Kaplan-Meier estimate of primary patency was 89.1 %, 67.3 %, and 57.1 % at 6, 12, and 24 months. 30924409 7 34 from months 1199:1204 arg1 % 1160:1160 89.1 % 1155:1160 89.1 % 1155:1160 Results: Kaplan-Meier estimate of primary patency was 89.1 %, 67.3 %, and 57.1 % at 6, 12, and 24 months. 30924409 7 34 from months 1199:1204 arg1 % 1168:1168 67.3 % 1163:1168 67.3 % 1163:1168 Results: Kaplan-Meier estimate of primary patency was 89.1 %, 67.3 %, and 57.1 % at 6, 12, and 24 months. 30924409 14 35 with stent 2036:2040 arg1 angioplasty 2076:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 0 36 theme drug-coated 66:76 arg1 angioplasty 86:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 14 37 theme therapy 2130:2136 arg1 option 2138:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option 2106:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease 2106:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 5 38 theme drug-coated 805:815 arg1 DCB 826:828 DCB 826:828 DCB 826:828 Eighty lesions were concomitantly treated with drug-coated balloon (DCB). 30924409 5 38 theme drug-coated 805:815 arg1 balloon 817:823 drug-coated balloon 805:823 drug-coated balloon (DCB) 805:829 Eighty lesions were concomitantly treated with drug-coated balloon (DCB). 30924409 11 39 from months 1746:1751 arg1 % 1715:1715 81.7 % 1710:1715 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months 1710:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 39 from months 1746:1751 arg1 % 1695:1695 84.8 % 1690:1695 84.8 % 1690:1695 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 39 from months 1746:1751 arg1 % 1703:1703 81.0 % 1698:1703 81.0 % 1698:1703 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 39 from months 1746:1751 arg1 patients 1720:1727 patients 1720:1727 patients at 6, 12, and 24 months 1720:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 40 from composite 938:946 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 40 from composite 938:946 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 41 from months 1093:1098 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 41 from months 1093:1098 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 42 theme Main 832:835 arg1 outcome 851:857 Main effectiveness outcome 832:857 Main effectiveness outcome 832:857 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 3 43 dep Patients 479:486 arg1 treated 594:600 treated 594:600 were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites 589:654 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 1 44 theme femoropopliteal 256:270 arg1 lesions 272:278 femoropopliteal lesions 256:278 femoropopliteal lesions 256:278 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 0 45 dep Effectiveness 0:12 arg1 Registry 173:180 Registry 173:180 Registry 173:180 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 1 46 with treatment 243:251 arg1 stent 327:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 11 47 theme ≥ 1 1650:1652 arg1 category 1665:1672 ≥ 1 Rutherford category 1650:1672 ≥ 1 Rutherford category 1650:1672 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 48 theme safety 902:907 arg1 outcome 909:915 main safety outcome 897:915 main safety outcome 897:915 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 9 49 theme primary 1443:1449 arg1 estimates 1459:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 lower primary patency estimates 1437:1467 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 6 50 from months 885:890 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 50 from months 885:890 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 1 51 theme Pulsar-18 289:297 arg1 stent 327:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 14 52 theme drug-coated 2056:2066 arg1 angioplasty 2076:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 2047:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 14 53 theme endovascular 2149:2160 arg1 treatment 2162:2170 endovascular treatment 2149:2170 endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease 2149:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 4 54 theme lesion 662:667 arg1 length 669:674 Mean lesion length 657:674 Mean lesion length 657:674 Mean lesion length was 116 ± 103 mm, and 41.9 % of the lesions were moderately or heavily calcified. 30924409 1 55 theme Previous 195:202 arg1 studies 204:210 Previous studies 195:210 Previous studies 195:210 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 device 951:956 device 951:956 device 951:956 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 procedure 961:969 procedure 961:969 procedure 961:969 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 amputation 1004:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 revascularization 1052:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization 1020:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1020:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 composite 938:946 the composite 934:946 the composite of device or procedure related death 934:983 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 56 theme procedure 961:969 arg1 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 9 57 theme DCB 1488:1490 arg1 stent-only-group 1505:1520 stent-only-group 1505:1520 stent-only-group 1505:1520 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 9 57 theme DCB 1488:1490 arg1 angioplasty 1492:1502 DCB angioplasty 1488:1502 DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006) 1488:1542 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 9 57 theme DCB 1488:1490 arg1 p = 0.006 1533:1541 log-rank p = 0.006 1524:1541 log-rank p = 0.006 1524:1541 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 14 58 theme nitinol 2028:2034 arg1 stent 2036:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent 1999:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 1999:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 3 59 theme femoropopliteal 565:579 arg1 lesions 581:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 186 femoropopliteal lesions 561:587 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 8 60 from months 1272:1277 arg1 % 1241:1241 91.4 % 1236:1241 91.4 % 1236:1241 Freedom from TLR was 95.5 %, 91.4 %, and 85.2 % at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 8 60 from months 1272:1277 arg1 % 1253:1253 85.2 % 1248:1253 85.2 % 1248:1253 Freedom from TLR was 95.5 %, 91.4 %, and 85.2 % at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 8 60 from months 1272:1277 arg1 % 1233:1233 95.5 % 1228:1233 95.5 % 1228:1233 Freedom from TLR was 95.5 %, 91.4 %, and 85.2 % at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 device 951:956 device 951:956 device 951:956 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 procedure 961:969 procedure 961:969 procedure 961:969 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 amputation 1004:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 revascularization 1052:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization 1020:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1020:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 composite 938:946 the composite 934:946 the composite of device or procedure related death 934:983 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 61 theme device 951:956 arg1 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 11 62 from % 1715:1715 arg1 months 1746:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 2 63 theme registry 356:363 arg1 objective 338:346 The objective 334:346 The objective of this registry 334:363 The objective of this registry was to evaluate whether these results will be confirmed in a real-world setting with varying stenting strategies. 30924409 3 64 theme Pulsar-18 611:619 arg1 stent 632:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent 607:636 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 13 65 theme Hemodynamic 1864:1874 arg1 improvement 1876:1886 Hemodynamic improvement 1864:1886 Hemodynamic improvement 1864:1886 Hemodynamic improvement was achieved in 68.2 %, 73.7 %, and 70.7 % of the patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 9 66 theme log-rank 1524:1531 arg1 angioplasty 1492:1502 DCB angioplasty 1488:1502 DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006) 1488:1542 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 9 66 theme log-rank 1524:1531 arg1 p = 0.006 1533:1541 log-rank p = 0.006 1524:1541 log-rank p = 0.006 1524:1541 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 6 67 dep device 951:956 arg1 death 979:983 related death 971:983 related death 971:983 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 11 68 from % 1703:1703 arg1 months 1746:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 6, 12, and 24 months 1732:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 14 69 theme self-expanding 2013:2026 arg1 stent 2036:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent 1999:2040 The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 1999:2086 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 0 70 from treatment 105:113 arg1 Effectiveness 0:12 Effectiveness 0:12 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 0:181 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 4 71 theme lesions 712:718 arg1 % 703:703 41.9 % 698:703 41.9 % of the lesions 698:718 Mean lesion length was 116 ± 103 mm, and 41.9 % of the lesions were moderately or heavily calcified. 30924409 4 71 theme lesions 712:718 arg1 lesions 712:718 the lesions 708:718 the lesions 708:718 Mean lesion length was 116 ± 103 mm, and 41.9 % of the lesions were moderately or heavily calcified. 30924409 0 72 theme balloon 78:84 arg1 angioplasty 86:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 11 73 theme patients 1720:1727 arg1 % 1715:1715 81.7 % 1710:1715 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months 1710:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 73 theme patients 1720:1727 arg1 % 1695:1695 84.8 % 1690:1695 84.8 % 1690:1695 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 73 theme patients 1720:1727 arg1 % 1703:1703 81.0 % 1698:1703 81.0 % 1698:1703 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 11 73 theme patients 1720:1727 arg1 patients 1720:1727 patients 1720:1727 patients at 6, 12, and 24 months 1720:1751 Improvement by ≥ 1 Rutherford category was achieved in 84.8 %, 81.0 %, and 81.7 % of patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 9 74 from mm 1389:1390 arg1 average 1395:1401 average 1395:1401 average 1395:1401 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 6 75 theme limb 999:1002 arg1 amputation 1004:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 12 76 theme Walking 1768:1774 arg1 distance 1776:1783 Walking distance 1768:1783 Walking distance 1768:1783 Walking distance and patient-reported pain improved persistently through 24 months (p < 0.001). 30924409 6 77 theme major 986:990 arg1 amputation 1004:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 major target limb amputation 986:1013 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 10 78 from difference 1567:1576 arg1 TLR 1594:1596 TLR 1594:1596 TLR 1594:1596 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 10 78 from difference 1567:1576 arg1 freedom 1581:1587 freedom 1581:1587 freedom from TLR 1581:1596 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 6 79 from amputation 1004:1013 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 79 from amputation 1004:1013 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 0 80 theme femoropopliteal 118:132 arg1 lesions 134:140 femoropopliteal lesions 118:140 femoropopliteal lesions 118:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 0 81 from stent 46:50 arg1 treatment 105:113 the treatment 101:113 the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions 101:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 10 82 from TLR 1594:1596 arg1 freedom 1581:1587 freedom 1581:1587 freedom from TLR 1581:1596 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 10 82 from TLR 1594:1596 arg1 difference 1567:1576 no difference 1564:1576 no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542) 1564:1632 However, there was no difference in freedom from TLR between groups (log-rank p = 0.542). 30924409 2 83 theme stenting 458:465 arg1 strategies 467:476 stenting strategies 458:476 stenting strategies 458:476 The objective of this registry was to evaluate whether these results will be confirmed in a real-world setting with varying stenting strategies. 30924409 0 84 theme Pulsar-18 21:29 arg1 stent 46:50 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent 17:50 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions 17:140 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 1 85 theme SE 315:316 arg1 stent 327:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 8 86 from TLR 1220:1222 arg1 Freedom 1207:1213 Freedom 1207:1213 Freedom from TLR 1207:1222 Freedom from TLR was 95.5 %, 91.4 %, and 85.2 % at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. 30924409 6 87 theme target 1038:1043 arg1 revascularization 1052:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization 1020:1068 clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1020:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 87 theme target 1038:1043 arg1 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 TLR 1071:1073 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 2 88 theme real-world 426:435 arg1 setting 437:443 a real-world setting 424:443 a real-world setting 424:443 The objective of this registry was to evaluate whether these results will be confirmed in a real-world setting with varying stenting strategies. 30924409 0 89 theme stent 46:50 arg1 Effectiveness 0:12 Effectiveness 0:12 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 0:181 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 1 90 theme nitinol 319:325 arg1 stent 327:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 285:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 30924409 4 91 theme Mean 657:660 arg1 length 669:674 Mean lesion length 657:674 Mean lesion length 657:674 Mean lesion length was 116 ± 103 mm, and 41.9 % of the lesions were moderately or heavily calcified. 30924409 3 92 theme German 643:648 arg1 sites 650:654 9 German sites 641:654 9 German sites 641:654 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 0 93 theme optional 57:64 arg1 angioplasty 86:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 14 94 theme safe 2125:2128 arg1 option 2138:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option 2106:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease 2106:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 3 95 theme prospective 509:519 arg1 trial 536:540 this prospective, observational trial 504:540 this prospective, observational trial 504:540 Patients and methods: In this prospective, observational trial, 160 patients with 186 femoropopliteal lesions were treated with the Pulsar-18 SE nitinol stent at 9 German sites. 30924409 6 96 theme effectiveness 837:849 arg1 outcome 851:857 Main effectiveness outcome 832:857 Main effectiveness outcome 832:857 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 0 97 with stent 46:50 arg1 angioplasty 86:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty 57:96 Effectiveness of the Pulsar-18 self-expanding stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty in the treatment of femoropopliteal lesions - the BIOFLEX PEACE All-Comers Registry. 30924409 9 98 dep treated 1327:1333 arg1 DCB-group 1350:1358 DCB-group 1350:1358 DCB-group 1350:1358 Lesions, which were additionally treated with DCB (plus DCB-group), were longer (150 versus 82 mm on average, p < 0.0001), and associated with lower primary patency estimates than those without DCB angioplasty (stent-only-group) (log-rank p = 0.006). 30924409 14 99 theme efficacious 2109:2119 arg1 option 2138:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option 2106:2143 an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease 2106:2204 Conclusions: The Pulsar-18 self-expanding nitinol stent with optional drug-coated balloon angioplasty can be considered an efficacious and safe therapy option for endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal artery disease. 30924409 6 100 from days 1082:1085 arg1 freedom 921:927 freedom 921:927 freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 921:1074 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 6 100 from days 1082:1085 arg1 patency 871:877 primary patency 863:877 primary patency 863:877 Main effectiveness outcome was primary patency at 12 months, and main safety outcome was freedom from the composite of device or procedure related death, major target limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 30 days and 6 months. 30924409 1 101 theme lesions 272:278 arg1 treatment 243:251 treatment 243:251 treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent 243:331 Background: Previous studies showed favorable results after treatment of femoropopliteal lesions with the Pulsar-18 self-expanding (SE) nitinol stent. 31132439 0 0 theme effective 93:101 arg1 removal 103:109 the effective removal 89:109 the effective removal of metal ions in batch system 89:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 6 1 theme amine 961:965 arg1 group 1007:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 1 theme amine 961:965 arg1 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 1 theme amine 961:965 arg1 group 967:971 the amine group 957:971 the amine group of chitosan 957:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 2 theme adsorption 909:918 arg1 qmax 930:933 qmax 930:933 qmax 930:933 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 2 theme adsorption 909:918 arg1 capacity 920:927 the adsorption capacity 905:927 the adsorption capacity (qmax) 905:934 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 1 3 theme Cr6+ 217:220 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 3 4 theme acid 481:484 arg1 solution 486:493 acid solution 481:493 acid solution 481:493 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 1 5 theme ions 222:225 arg1 removal 173:179 the removal 169:179 the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater 169:253 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 9 6 dep 2.50·10-10 1380:1389 arg1 to 1377:1378 to 1377:1378 to 1377:1378 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 4 7 theme chitosan 685:692 arg1 beads 694:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads 668:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) 668:704 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 4 7 theme chitosan 685:692 arg1 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 6 8 theme beads 854:858 arg1 same 897:900 same 897:900 same 897:900 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 8 theme beads 854:858 arg1 concentration 812:824 The amine concentration 802:824 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) 802:865 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 9 link cross-linked 841:852 arg1 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 9 link cross-linked 841:852 arg1 beads 854:858 the grafted cross-linked beads 829:858 the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) 829:865 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 10 theme reactive 998:1005 arg1 group 1007:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 10 theme reactive 998:1005 arg1 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 10 theme reactive 998:1005 arg1 group 967:971 the amine group 957:971 the amine group of chitosan 957:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 1 11 theme synthesised 232:242 arg1 wastewater 244:253 synthesised wastewater 232:253 synthesised wastewater 232:253 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 0 12 theme ions 120:123 arg1 removal 103:109 the effective removal 89:109 the effective removal of metal ions in batch system 89:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 6 13 theme cross-linked 841:852 arg1 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 13 theme cross-linked 841:852 arg1 beads 854:858 the grafted cross-linked beads 829:858 the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) 829:865 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 5 14 theme adsorption 782:791 arg1 studies 793:799 adsorption studies 782:799 adsorption studies 782:799 The beads were characterised prior to adsorption studies. 31132439 6 15 theme chitosan 976:983 arg1 group 1007:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 15 theme chitosan 976:983 arg1 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 15 theme chitosan 976:983 arg1 group 967:971 the amine group 957:971 the amine group of chitosan 957:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 3 16 contain have 606:609 arg1 beads 592:596 the beads 588:596 the beads 588:596 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 3 16 contain have 606:609 arg2 capacity 630:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 0 17 theme metal 114:118 arg1 ions 120:123 metal ions 114:123 metal ions in batch system 114:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 6 18 theme grafted 833:839 arg1 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 GDCS 861:864 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 18 theme grafted 833:839 arg1 beads 854:858 the grafted cross-linked beads 829:858 the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) 829:865 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 9 19 theme diffusion 1260:1268 arg1 coefficients 1270:1281 The effective diffusion coefficients 1246:1281 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data 1246:1339 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 9 19 theme diffusion 1260:1268 arg1 Deff 1284:1287 Deff 1284:1287 Deff 1284:1287 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 6 20 theme main 993:996 arg1 group 1007:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 the main reactive group 989:1011 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 20 theme main 993:996 arg1 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 chitosan 976:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 20 theme main 993:996 arg1 group 967:971 the amine group 957:971 the amine group of chitosan 957:983 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 7 21 theme % 1067:1067 arg1 degree 1069:1074 a 44.2% degree 1061:1074 a 44.2% degree of grafting 1061:1086 Also, the qmax was found to be 6.3 mmol/g with a 44.2% degree of grafting. 31132439 1 22 from wastewater 244:253 arg1 removal 173:179 the removal 169:179 the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater 169:253 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 3 23 theme beads 539:543 arg1 crystallinity 518:530 the crystallinity 514:530 the crystallinity of the beads 514:543 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 1 24 theme Cu2+ 184:187 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 7 25 theme 44.2 1063:1066 arg1 % 1067:1067 % 1067:1067 % 1067:1067 Also, the qmax was found to be 6.3 mmol/g with a 44.2% degree of grafting. 31132439 3 26 theme reduced 611:617 arg1 capacity 630:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 8 27 theme process 1120:1126 arg1 kinetics 1093:1100 The kinetics 1089:1100 The kinetics of the adsorption process 1089:1126 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 4 28 theme cross-linked 672:683 arg1 beads 694:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads 668:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) 668:704 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 4 28 theme cross-linked 672:683 arg1 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 0 29 theme batch 128:132 arg1 system 134:139 batch system 128:139 batch system 128:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 8 30 theme experimental 1189:1200 arg1 data 1216:1219 the experimental and simulated data 1185:1219 the experimental and simulated data 1185:1219 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 1 31 theme Pb2+ 190:193 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 0 32 theme diethylenetriamine 15:32 arg1 Application 0:10 Application 0:10 Application of diethylenetriamine 0:32 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 1 33 theme modified 261:268 arg1 macromolecules 279:292 modified chitosan macromolecules 261:292 modified chitosan macromolecules 261:292 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 4 34 link cross-linked 672:683 arg1 beads 694:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads 668:698 the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) 668:704 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 4 34 link cross-linked 672:683 arg1 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 DCS 701:703 To reduce this shortcoming, the cross-linked chitosan beads (DCS) were grafted with diethylenetriamine. 31132439 3 35 theme mechanical 435:444 arg1 strength 446:453 mechanical strength 435:453 mechanical strength 435:453 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 3 35 theme mechanical 435:444 arg1 beads 429:433 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 1 36 theme chitosan 270:277 arg1 macromolecules 279:292 modified chitosan macromolecules 261:292 modified chitosan macromolecules 261:292 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 1 37 theme Cd2+ 196:199 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 8 38 theme adsorption 1109:1118 arg1 process 1120:1126 the adsorption process 1105:1126 the adsorption process 1105:1126 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 6 39 theme amine 806:810 arg1 same 897:900 same 897:900 same 897:900 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 6 39 theme amine 806:810 arg1 concentration 812:824 The amine concentration 802:824 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) 802:865 The amine concentration of the grafted cross-linked beads (GDCS) was observed to be nearly the same as the adsorption capacity (qmax); this concludes that the amine group of chitosan are the main reactive group. 31132439 9 40 theme Cr6+ 1428:1431 arg1 GDCS 1449:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 2 41 theme glyoxal 365:371 arg1 solution 373:380 glyoxal solution 365:380 glyoxal solution 365:380 On this note, chitosan beads (CS) were prepared and cross-linked with glyoxal solution. 31132439 8 42 theme Swan 1167:1170 arg1 model 1172:1176 the Swan model 1163:1176 the Swan model 1163:1176 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 9 43 theme adsorption 1433:1442 arg1 GDCS 1449:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 8 44 theme close 1229:1233 arg1 agreement 1235:1243 close agreement 1229:1243 close agreement 1229:1243 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 3 45 theme chemical 459:466 arg1 stability 468:476 chemical stability 459:476 chemical stability 459:476 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 3 45 theme chemical 459:466 arg1 beads 429:433 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 0 46 from ions 120:123 arg1 system 134:139 batch system 128:139 batch system 128:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 9 47 theme unto 1444:1447 arg1 GDCS 1449:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS 1428:1452 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 2 48 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 CS 325:326 CS 325:326 CS 325:326 On this note, chitosan beads (CS) were prepared and cross-linked with glyoxal solution. 31132439 2 48 theme chitosan 309:316 arg1 beads 318:322 chitosan beads 309:322 chitosan beads (CS) 309:327 On this note, chitosan beads (CS) were prepared and cross-linked with glyoxal solution. 31132439 3 49 theme adsorption 619:628 arg1 capacity 630:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 reduced adsorption capacity 611:637 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 1 50 theme Zn2+ 202:205 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 8 51 theme simulated 1206:1214 arg1 data 1216:1219 the experimental and simulated data 1185:1219 the experimental and simulated data 1185:1219 The kinetics of the adsorption process was described reasonably well with the Swan model, where the experimental and simulated data were in close agreement. 31132439 0 52 from system 134:139 arg1 removal 103:109 the effective removal 89:109 the effective removal of metal ions in batch system 89:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 0 53 from removal 103:109 arg1 system 134:139 batch system 128:139 batch system 128:139 Application of diethylenetriamine grafted on glyoxal cross-linked chitosan composite for the effective removal of metal ions in batch system. 31132439 3 54 dep beads 429:433 arg1 strength 446:453 mechanical strength 435:453 mechanical strength 435:453 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 3 54 dep beads 429:433 arg1 stability 468:476 chemical stability 459:476 chemical stability 459:476 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 3 54 dep beads 429:433 arg1 beads 429:433 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability 425:476 It was found that cross-linking increased the beads mechanical strength and chemical stability in acid solution and also increased the crystallinity of the beads in the process, which is a shortcoming, as the beads tend to have reduced adsorption capacity. 31132439 9 55 theme experimental 1323:1334 arg1 data 1336:1339 experimental data 1323:1339 experimental data 1323:1339 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 1 56 theme Ni2+ 208:211 arg1 ions 222:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions 184:225 This investigation studied the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ ions from synthesised wastewater using modified chitosan macromolecules. 31132439 9 57 theme effective 1250:1258 arg1 coefficients 1270:1281 The effective diffusion coefficients 1246:1281 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data 1246:1339 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 9 57 theme effective 1250:1258 arg1 Deff 1284:1287 Deff 1284:1287 Deff 1284:1287 The effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) obtained by fitting the model to experimental data were found to be between 2.25·10-10 to 2.50·10-10 for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+ adsorption unto GDCS. 31132439 7 58 theme grafting 1079:1086 arg1 degree 1069:1074 a 44.2% degree 1061:1074 a 44.2% degree of grafting 1061:1086 Also, the qmax was found to be 6.3 mmol/g with a 44.2% degree of grafting. 31739045 6 0 theme apple 875:879 arg1 models 888:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 2 1 theme zein-pectin 360:370 arg1 ZCPs 397:400 ZCPs 397:400 ZCPs 397:400 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 1 theme zein-pectin 360:370 arg1 nanoparticles 382:394 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 360:394 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 360:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 8 2 theme fabricated 1137:1146 arg1 emulsions 1176:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 1 3 theme increasing 255:264 arg1 attention 266:274 increasing attention 255:274 increasing attention 255:274 Recently, the use of emulsion as a delivery system for essential oils has attracted increasing attention. 31739045 5 4 theme Alternaria 767:776 arg1 alternata 778:786 Alternaria alternata 767:786 Alternaria alternata 767:786 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 8 5 from delivery 1232:1239 arg1 industries 1285:1294 the food industries 1276:1294 the food industries 1276:1294 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 7 6 theme pure 1113:1116 arg1 oil 1128:1130 pure essential oil 1113:1130 pure essential oil 1113:1130 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 5 7 theme Botrytis 792:799 arg1 cinerea 801:807 Botrytis cinerea 792:807 Botrytis cinerea 792:807 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 0 8 theme antimicrobial 111:123 arg1 effect 125:130 antimicrobial effect 111:130 antimicrobial effect 111:130 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 2 9 theme cinnamon 295:302 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 9 theme cinnamon 295:302 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 8 10 theme promising 1202:1210 arg1 alternative 1212:1222 a promising alternative 1200:1222 a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries 1200:1294 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 7 11 theme sustained-release 1032:1048 arg1 ability 1050:1056 sustained-release ability 1032:1056 sustained-release ability 1032:1056 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 7 12 dep dispersibility 1013:1026 arg1 the 1004:1006 the 1004:1006 the 1004:1006 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 5 13 theme food-related 733:744 arg1 microorganisms 746:759 two food-related microorganisms 729:759 two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) 729:808 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 6 14 theme slices 881:886 arg1 models 888:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 5 15 from effect 709:714 arg1 microorganisms 746:759 two food-related microorganisms 729:759 two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) 729:808 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 4 16 theme % 644:644 arg1 ZCPs 646:649 1% ZCPs 643:649 1% ZCPs 643:649 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 0 17 theme essential 9:17 arg1 emulsion 33:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 6 18 theme ZCCPEs 968:973 arg1 potential 955:963 the application potential 939:963 the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation 939:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 5 19 dep alternata 778:786 arg1 i.e. 762:765 i.e. 762:765 i.e. 762:765 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 7 20 theme superior 1073:1080 arg1 performance 1096:1106 superior antibacterial performance 1073:1106 superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil 1073:1130 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 2 21 theme emulsion 328:335 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 21 theme emulsion 328:335 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 1 22 theme emulsion 192:199 arg1 use 185:187 the use 181:187 the use of emulsion as a delivery system for essential oils 181:239 Recently, the use of emulsion as a delivery system for essential oils has attracted increasing attention. 31739045 0 23 theme Cinnamon 0:7 arg1 emulsion 33:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 6 24 from ZCCPEs 968:973 arg1 preservation 983:994 food preservation 978:994 food preservation 978:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 7 25 theme essential 1118:1126 arg1 oil 1128:1130 pure essential oil 1113:1130 pure essential oil 1113:1130 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 2 26 theme Pickering 318:326 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 26 theme Pickering 318:326 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 0 27 theme Pickering 23:31 arg1 emulsion 33:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 6 28 theme food 978:981 arg1 preservation 983:994 food preservation 978:994 food preservation 978:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 2 29 theme oil 314:316 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 29 theme oil 314:316 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 30 theme effective 425:433 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 30 theme effective 425:433 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 31 theme antimicrobial 435:447 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 31 theme antimicrobial 435:447 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 4 32 theme % 573:573 arg1 ZCPs 575:578 0.25% ZCPs 569:578 0.25% ZCPs 569:578 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 5 33 theme inhibitory 698:707 arg1 effect 709:714 The inhibitory effect 694:714 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) 694:808 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 6 34 theme fresh-cut 865:873 arg1 models 888:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 two fresh-cut apple slices models 861:893 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 2 35 theme essential 304:312 arg1 ZCCPEs 338:343 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) 295:344 cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 295:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 35 theme essential 304:312 arg1 system 449:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 an effective antimicrobial system 422:454 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 1 36 theme delivery 206:213 arg1 system 215:220 a delivery system 204:220 a delivery system for essential oils 204:239 Recently, the use of emulsion as a delivery system for essential oils has attracted increasing attention. 31739045 8 37 theme oils 1268:1271 arg1 delivery 1232:1239 the delivery 1228:1239 the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries 1228:1294 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 4 38 theme 0.25 569:572 arg1 % 573:573 % 573:573 % 573:573 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 6 39 from preservation 983:994 arg1 potential 955:963 the application potential 939:963 the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation 939:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 4 40 theme 1 643:643 arg1 % 644:644 % 644:644 % 644:644 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 4 41 theme physical 674:681 arg1 stability 683:691 good physical stability 669:691 good physical stability 669:691 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 0 42 theme storage 150:156 arg1 application 158:168 storage application 150:168 storage application 150:168 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 8 43 theme antimicrobial 1244:1256 arg1 oils 1268:1271 antimicrobial essential oils 1244:1271 antimicrobial essential oils 1244:1271 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 0 44 theme zein-pectin 56:66 arg1 nanoparticles 78:90 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 56:90 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 56:90 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 5 45 theme ZCCPEs 719:724 arg1 effect 709:714 The inhibitory effect 694:714 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) 694:808 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 8 46 theme essential 1258:1266 arg1 oils 1268:1271 antimicrobial essential oils 1244:1271 antimicrobial essential oils 1244:1271 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 8 47 theme Pickering 1166:1174 arg1 emulsions 1176:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 7 48 theme well 1008:1011 arg1 dispersibility 1013:1026 well dispersibility 1008:1026 well dispersibility 1008:1026 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 7 49 theme antibacterial 1082:1094 arg1 performance 1096:1106 superior antibacterial performance 1073:1106 superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil 1073:1130 Due to the well dispersibility and sustained-release ability, ZCCPEs showed superior antibacterial performance than pure essential oil. 31739045 6 50 theme application 943:953 arg1 potential 955:963 the application potential 939:963 the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation 939:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 3 51 from influence 473:481 arg1 stability 512:520 the stability 508:520 the stability of ZCCPEs 508:530 Thereafter, the influence of ZCPs concentration on the stability of ZCCPEs was studied. 31739045 8 52 theme based 1160:1164 arg1 emulsions 1176:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 4 53 theme good 669:672 arg1 stability 683:691 good physical stability 669:691 good physical stability 669:691 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 3 54 theme ZCPs 486:489 arg1 concentration 491:503 ZCPs concentration 486:503 ZCPs concentration 486:503 Thereafter, the influence of ZCPs concentration on the stability of ZCCPEs was studied. 31739045 1 55 theme essential 226:234 arg1 oils 236:239 essential oils 226:239 essential oils 226:239 Recently, the use of emulsion as a delivery system for essential oils has attracted increasing attention. 31739045 6 56 from potential 955:963 arg1 preservation 983:994 food preservation 978:994 food preservation 978:994 In addition, two fresh-cut apple slices models were constructed to systematically evaluate the application potential of ZCCPEs in food preservation. 31739045 3 57 theme concentration 491:503 arg1 influence 473:481 the influence 469:481 the influence of ZCPs concentration on the stability of ZCCPEs 469:530 Thereafter, the influence of ZCPs concentration on the stability of ZCCPEs was studied. 31739045 4 58 theme bioorganic 597:606 arg1 matter 608:613 the bioorganic matter 593:613 the bioorganic matter 593:613 The results showed that 0.25% ZCPs could reduce the bioorganic matter by four times compared with 1% ZCPs while maintaining good physical stability. 31739045 5 59 theme antimicrobial 827:839 arg1 assay 841:845 antimicrobial assay 827:845 antimicrobial assay 827:845 The inhibitory effect of ZCCPEs on two food-related microorganisms (i.e. Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated by antimicrobial assay. 31739045 3 60 theme ZCCPEs 525:530 arg1 stability 512:520 the stability 508:520 the stability of ZCCPEs 508:530 Thereafter, the influence of ZCPs concentration on the stability of ZCCPEs was studied. 31739045 8 61 theme food 1280:1283 arg1 industries 1285:1294 the food industries 1276:1294 the food industries 1276:1294 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 31739045 0 62 theme composite 68:76 arg1 nanoparticles 78:90 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 56:90 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 56:90 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 0 63 theme oil 19:21 arg1 emulsion 33:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion 0:40 Cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles: Characterization, antimicrobial effect and advantages in storage application. 31739045 2 64 theme composite 372:380 arg1 ZCPs 397:400 ZCPs 397:400 ZCPs 397:400 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 2 64 theme composite 372:380 arg1 nanoparticles 382:394 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles 360:394 zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) 360:401 In this research, cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZCCPEs) stabilized by zein-pectin composite nanoparticles (ZCPs) was constructed as an effective antimicrobial system. 31739045 8 65 theme zein-pectin 1148:1158 arg1 emulsions 1176:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions 1133:1184 The fabricated zein-pectin based Pickering emulsions might provide a promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food industries. 30824072 0 0 theme silver 108:113 arg1 nanoparticles 115:127 biogenic silver nanoparticles 99:127 biogenic silver nanoparticles 99:127 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 3 1 from effect 411:416 arg1 release 431:437 sustained release 421:437 sustained release 421:437 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 3 1 from effect 411:416 arg1 capacity 456:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 10 2 theme allied 1446:1451 arg1 products 1453:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 0 3 theme biogenic 99:106 arg1 nanoparticles 115:127 biogenic silver nanoparticles 99:127 biogenic silver nanoparticles 99:127 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 8 4 theme films 1025:1029 arg1 elongation 1007:1016 elongation 1007:1016 elongation 1007:1016 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 8 4 theme films 1025:1029 arg1 strength 994:1001 tensile strength 986:1001 tensile strength 986:1001 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 1 5 theme Nigella 182:188 arg1 NSE 206:208 NSE 206:208 NSE 206:208 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 1 5 theme Nigella 182:188 arg1 extract 197:203 Nigella sativa extract 182:203 Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity 182:245 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 7 6 theme mechanical 871:880 arg1 properties 894:903 the mechanical and barrier properties 867:903 properties 894:903 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 9 7 theme sustained 1205:1213 arg1 release 1215:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release 1190:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1190:1243 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 5 8 theme intensity 739:747 arg1 peak 699:702 peak 699:702 peak 699:702 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 5 8 theme intensity 739:747 arg1 characteristics 683:697 characteristics peak and modification 683:719 characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity 683:747 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 5 8 theme intensity 739:747 arg1 modification 708:719 modification 708:719 modification 708:719 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 4 9 dep physical 534:541 arg1 mechanical 544:553 mechanical 544:553 mechanical 544:553 Characterization of the films was done to analyze their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties. 30824072 6 10 theme all 825:827 arg1 distribution 803:814 an uneven distribution 793:814 an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix 793:854 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 2 11 theme spherical 304:312 arg1 AgNPs 314:318 spherical AgNPs 304:318 spherical AgNPs 304:318 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 9 12 theme ions 1240:1243 arg1 activity 1275:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 9 12 theme ions 1240:1243 arg1 release 1215:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release 1190:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1190:1243 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 10 13 theme pharmaceutical 1426:1439 arg1 products 1453:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 6 14 theme AgNPs 819:823 arg1 all 825:827 AgNPs all 819:827 AgNPs all 819:827 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 8 15 theme AgNPs 1157:1161 arg1 concentration 1140:1152 the concentration 1136:1152 the concentration of AgNPs 1136:1161 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 8 16 theme tensile 986:992 arg1 strength 994:1001 tensile strength 986:1001 tensile strength 986:1001 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 1 17 theme sativa 190:195 arg1 NSE 206:208 NSE 206:208 NSE 206:208 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 1 17 theme sativa 190:195 arg1 extract 197:203 Nigella sativa extract 182:203 Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity 182:245 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 5 18 dep characteristics 683:697 arg1 peak 699:702 peak 699:702 peak 699:702 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 5 18 dep characteristics 683:697 arg1 characteristics 683:697 characteristics peak and modification 683:719 characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity 683:747 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 5 18 dep characteristics 683:697 arg1 modification 708:719 modification 708:719 modification 708:719 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 5 19 from change 607:612 arg1 films 621:625 the films 617:625 the films 617:625 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 10 20 theme antibacterial 1308:1320 arg1 activity 1322:1329 the excellent antibacterial activity 1294:1329 the excellent antibacterial activity 1294:1329 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 4 21 theme films 502:506 arg1 Characterization 478:493 Characterization 478:493 Characterization of the films 478:506 Characterization of the films was done to analyze their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties. 30824072 5 22 theme FTIR 644:647 arg1 spectra 649:655 FTIR spectra 644:655 FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity 644:747 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 6 23 theme uneven 796:801 arg1 distribution 803:814 an uneven distribution 793:814 an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix 793:854 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 8 24 theme vapor 1086:1090 arg1 permeability 1092:1103 water vapor permeability 1080:1103 water vapor permeability 1080:1103 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 0 25 theme Physicochemical 0:14 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films 0:79 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 10 26 theme products 1453:1460 arg1 packaging 1407:1415 packaging 1407:1415 packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1407:1460 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 5 27 theme structural 596:605 arg1 change 607:612 The structural change 592:612 The structural change in the films 592:625 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 2 28 theme biphasic 325:332 arg1 nature 334:339 biphasic nature 325:339 biphasic nature 325:339 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 8 29 dep strength 994:1001 arg1 The 982:984 The 982:984 The 982:984 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 7 30 theme films 929:933 arg1 properties 894:903 the mechanical and barrier properties 867:903 properties 894:903 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 9 31 theme pH-dependent 1192:1203 arg1 release 1215:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release 1190:1221 a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1190:1243 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 0 32 theme functional 20:29 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films 0:79 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 9 33 theme AgNPs 1226:1230 arg1 ions 1240:1243 AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1226:1243 AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1226:1243 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 10 34 theme food 1420:1423 arg1 products 1453:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1420:1460 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 0 35 theme chitosan-based 45:58 arg1 films 75:79 chitosan-based nano-composite films 45:79 chitosan-based nano-composite films 45:79 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 4 36 theme antibacterial 566:578 arg1 properties 580:589 their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties 528:589 their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties 528:589 Characterization of the films was done to analyze their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties. 30824072 8 37 theme water 1080:1084 arg1 permeability 1092:1103 water vapor permeability 1080:1103 water vapor permeability 1080:1103 The tensile strength and elongation of the films were improved by 8.4-22.5% and 4.4-9.2%, whereas water vapor permeability reduced by 15.23% depending on the concentration of AgNPs. 30824072 2 38 theme transmission 252:263 arg1 microscopy 274:283 transmission electron microscopy 252:283 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image 248:295 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 2 38 theme transmission 252:263 arg1 TEM 286:288 TEM 286:288 TEM 286:288 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 1 39 theme potential 216:224 arg1 activity 238:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 3 40 theme sustained 421:429 arg1 release 431:437 sustained release 421:437 sustained release 421:437 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 5 41 theme absorbance 728:737 arg1 intensity 739:747 the absorbance intensity 724:747 the absorbance intensity 724:747 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 3 42 theme chitosan 468:475 arg1 release 431:437 sustained release 421:437 sustained release 421:437 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 3 42 theme chitosan 468:475 arg1 capacity 456:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 0 43 theme films 75:79 arg1 properties 31:40 Physicochemical and functional properties 0:40 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films 0:79 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 4 44 theme physical 534:541 arg1 properties 580:589 their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties 528:589 their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties 528:589 Characterization of the films was done to analyze their physical, mechanical as well as antibacterial properties. 30824072 3 45 theme film-forming 443:454 arg1 capacity 456:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 film-forming capacity 443:463 AgNPs was then evaluated for their effect on sustained release and film-forming capacity of chitosan. 30824072 2 46 theme particle 356:363 arg1 size 365:368 an average particle size 8 nm 345:373 an average particle size 8 nm 345:373 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 0 47 theme nano-composite 60:73 arg1 films 75:79 chitosan-based nano-composite films 45:79 chitosan-based nano-composite films 45:79 Physicochemical and functional properties of chitosan-based nano-composite films incorporated with biogenic silver nanoparticles. 30824072 5 48 theme characteristics 683:697 arg1 shift 674:678 the shift 670:678 the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity 670:747 The structural change in the films was indicated by FTIR spectra which showed the shift of characteristics peak and modification of the absorbance intensity. 30824072 9 49 theme Ag+ 1236:1238 arg1 ions 1240:1243 AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1226:1243 AgNPs and Ag+ ions 1226:1243 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 9 50 theme antibacterial 1261:1273 arg1 activity 1275:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 2 51 theme average 348:354 arg1 size 365:368 an average particle size 8 nm 345:373 an average particle size 8 nm 345:373 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 7 52 theme Ag 912:913 arg1 films 929:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 10 53 theme composite 1366:1374 arg1 films 1376:1380 CS-AgNPs composite films 1357:1380 CS-AgNPs composite films 1357:1380 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 6 54 theme polymer 841:847 arg1 matrix 849:854 the CS polymer matrix 834:854 the CS polymer matrix 834:854 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 7 55 theme AgNPs 975:979 arg1 intercalation 958:970 the intercalation 954:970 the intercalation of AgNPs 954:979 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 1 56 theme biogenic 145:152 arg1 AgNPs 154:158 biogenic AgNPs 145:158 biogenic AgNPs 145:158 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 7 57 theme nanocomposite 915:927 arg1 films 929:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 1 58 with extract 197:203 arg1 activity 238:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 6 59 theme CS 838:839 arg1 matrix 849:854 the CS polymer matrix 834:854 the CS polymer matrix 834:854 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 6 60 theme electron 759:766 arg1 SEM 781:783 SEM 781:783 SEM 781:783 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 6 60 theme electron 759:766 arg1 micrographs 768:778 Scanning electron micrographs 750:778 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) 750:784 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 10 61 theme excellent 1298:1306 arg1 activity 1322:1329 the excellent antibacterial activity 1294:1329 the excellent antibacterial activity 1294:1329 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 1 62 theme antioxidant 226:236 arg1 activity 238:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 potential antioxidant activity 216:245 In this study, biogenic AgNPs were synthesize using Nigella sativa extract (NSE) with potential antioxidant activity. 30824072 2 63 theme microscopy 274:283 arg1 image 291:295 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image 248:295 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image 248:295 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 6 64 theme Scanning 750:757 arg1 SEM 781:783 SEM 781:783 SEM 781:783 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 6 64 theme Scanning 750:757 arg1 micrographs 768:778 Scanning electron micrographs 750:778 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) 750:784 Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed an uneven distribution of AgNPs all over the CS polymer matrix. 30824072 10 65 theme promising 1384:1392 arg1 material 1394:1401 a promising material 1382:1401 a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products 1382:1460 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 7 66 theme CS/ 908:910 arg1 films 929:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 CS/ Ag nanocomposite films 908:933 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 30824072 9 67 theme significant 1249:1259 arg1 activity 1275:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 significant antibacterial activity 1249:1282 Further, the films showed a pH-dependent sustained release of AgNPs and Ag+ ions and significant antibacterial activity. 30824072 2 68 theme electron 265:272 arg1 microscopy 274:283 transmission electron microscopy 252:283 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image 248:295 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 2 68 theme electron 265:272 arg1 TEM 286:288 TEM 286:288 TEM 286:288 The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed spherical AgNPs with biphasic nature and an average particle size 8 nm. 30824072 10 69 theme CS-AgNPs 1357:1364 arg1 films 1376:1380 CS-AgNPs composite films 1357:1380 CS-AgNPs composite films 1357:1380 Largely, the excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility mark CS-AgNPs composite films a promising material for packaging of food, pharmaceutical, and allied products. 30824072 7 70 theme barrier 886:892 arg1 properties 894:903 the mechanical and barrier properties 867:903 properties 894:903 Moreover, the mechanical and barrier properties of CS/ Ag nanocomposite films were influenced by the intercalation of AgNPs. 31500281 5 0 theme chromatography-mass 685:703 arg1 CG-MS 719:723 CG-MS 719:723 CG-MS 719:723 The TCEO composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). 31500281 5 0 theme chromatography-mass 685:703 arg1 spectrometry 705:716 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 681:716 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS) 681:724 The TCEO composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). 31500281 6 1 theme diffraction 825:835 arg1 XRD 851:853 XRD 851:853 XRD 851:853 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 1 theme diffraction 825:835 arg1 spectroscopy 837:848 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 819:848 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) 819:854 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 4 2 from fillets 479:485 arg1 study 433:437 the study 429:437 the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 429:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 pH 1188:1189 the pH 1184:1189 the pH 1184:1189 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 attributes 1285:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 texture 1251:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 3 theme total 1192:1196 arg1 nitrogen 1213:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen 1192:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N) 1192:1230 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 6 4 theme Scanning 895:902 arg1 microscopy 913:922 Scanning electron microscopy 895:922 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 895:928 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 4 theme Scanning 895:902 arg1 SEM 925:927 SEM 925:927 SEM 925:927 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 0 5 theme Stability 68:76 arg1 Studies 78:84 Stability Studies 68:84 Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets 68:107 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 6 6 theme X-ray 819:823 arg1 XRD 851:853 XRD 851:853 XRD 851:853 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 6 theme X-ray 819:823 arg1 spectroscopy 837:848 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy 819:848 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) 819:854 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 7 7 theme Gram-negative 1007:1019 arg1 bacteria 1021:1028 the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 985:1028 the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks 985:1050 The protective effect of the beads was tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks. 31500281 0 8 theme Red 89:91 arg1 Fillets 101:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 4 9 theme Tilapia 471:477 arg1 fillets 479:485 red Tilapia fillets 467:485 red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 467:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 7 10 theme Gram-positive 989:1001 arg1 bacteria 1021:1028 the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 985:1028 the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks 985:1050 The protective effect of the beads was tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks. 31500281 6 11 theme other 735:739 arg1 side 741:744 the other side 731:744 the other side 731:744 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 10 12 with contact 1374:1380 arg1 surface 1420:1426 the food surface 1411:1426 the food surface 1411:1426 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 11 13 theme quality 1475:1481 arg1 attributes 1483:1492 The quality attributes 1471:1492 The quality attributes of the fillets 1471:1507 The quality attributes of the fillets were preserved for 26 days, suggesting its uses for the treatment for perishable food. 31500281 9 14 theme quality 1277:1283 arg1 nitrogen 1213:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen 1192:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N) 1192:1230 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 14 theme quality 1277:1283 arg1 pH 1188:1189 the pH 1184:1189 the pH 1184:1189 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 14 theme quality 1277:1283 arg1 attributes 1285:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 14 theme quality 1277:1283 arg1 texture 1251:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 14 theme quality 1277:1283 arg1 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 0 15 theme Thymus 50:55 arg1 capitatus 57:65 Thymus capitatus 50:65 Thymus capitatus 50:65 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 4 16 with fillets 479:485 arg1 beads 501:505 chitosan beads 492:505 chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 492:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 4 16 with fillets 479:485 arg1 CB 508:509 CB 508:509 CB 508:509 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 4 17 from effect 457:462 arg1 fillets 479:485 red Tilapia fillets 467:485 red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 467:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 2 18 theme safe 234:237 arg1 consumption 239:249 safe consumption 234:249 safe consumption 234:249 As a result, it requires preservation methods for safe consumption without affecting its organoleptic characteristics. 31500281 4 19 from mg/L 591:594 arg1 oil 564:566 Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil 530:566 Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 530:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 1 20 theme consumed 141:148 arg1 fish 165:168 the most consumed but perishable fish 132:168 the most consumed but perishable fish in the world 132:181 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 0 21 theme Tilapia 93:99 arg1 Fillets 101:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 4 22 theme effect 457:462 arg1 study 433:437 the study 429:437 the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 429:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 3 23 theme food 371:374 arg1 method 389:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 3 23 theme food 371:374 arg1 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils 303:339 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 8 24 theme TCEO 1129:1132 arg1 mg/L 1163:1166 1000 and 2000 mg/L 1149:1166 1000 and 2000 mg/L 1149:1166 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 8 24 theme TCEO 1129:1132 arg1 concentration 1134:1146 higher TCEO concentration 1122:1146 higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L) 1122:1167 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 3 25 theme excellent 361:369 arg1 method 389:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 3 25 theme excellent 361:369 arg1 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils 303:339 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 4 26 theme protective 446:455 arg1 effect 457:462 the protective effect 442:462 the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 442:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 1 27 theme perishable 154:163 arg1 fish 165:168 the most consumed but perishable fish 132:168 the most consumed but perishable fish in the world 132:181 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 0 28 theme Chitosan 0:7 arg1 Beads 9:13 Chitosan Beads 0:13 Chitosan Beads 0:13 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 pH 1188:1189 the pH 1184:1189 the pH 1184:1189 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 attributes 1285:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 texture 1251:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 29 theme volatile 1198:1205 arg1 nitrogen 1213:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen 1192:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N) 1192:1230 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 2 30 theme organoleptic 273:284 arg1 characteristics 286:300 its organoleptic characteristics 269:300 its organoleptic characteristics 269:300 As a result, it requires preservation methods for safe consumption without affecting its organoleptic characteristics. 31500281 1 31 theme fish 165:168 arg1 fish 165:168 the most consumed but perishable fish 132:168 the most consumed but perishable fish in the world 132:181 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 1 31 theme fish 165:168 arg1 one 125:127 one 125:127 one 125:127 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 pH 1188:1189 the pH 1184:1189 the pH 1184:1189 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 attributes 1285:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 texture 1251:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 T-BNV-N 1223:1229 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 32 theme basic 1207:1211 arg1 nitrogen 1213:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen 1192:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N) 1192:1230 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 4 33 from study 433:437 arg1 fillets 479:485 red Tilapia fillets 467:485 red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 467:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 7 34 dep bacteria 1021:1028 arg1 growth 1030:1035 growth 1030:1035 growth 1030:1035 The protective effect of the beads was tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks. 31500281 7 35 theme beads 960:964 arg1 effect 946:951 The protective effect 931:951 The protective effect of the beads 931:964 The protective effect of the beads was tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks. 31500281 0 36 from Studies 78:84 arg1 Fillets 101:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Red Tilapia Fillets 89:107 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 10 37 theme compounds 1396:1404 arg1 contact 1374:1380 a higher contact 1365:1380 a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability 1365:1468 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 10 38 theme food 1415:1418 arg1 surface 1420:1426 the food surface 1411:1426 the food surface 1411:1426 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 6 39 theme thermogravimetric 857:873 arg1 analysis 875:882 thermogravimetric analysis 857:882 thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) 857:888 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 39 theme thermogravimetric 857:873 arg1 TGA 885:887 TGA 885:887 TGA 885:887 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 40 dep Fourier 771:777 arg1 transform 779:787 transform 779:787 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 779:928 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 4 41 contain carried 417:423 arg2 study 433:437 the study 429:437 the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 429:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 4 41 contain carried 417:423 arg1 we 414:415 we 414:415 we 414:415 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 0 42 theme Essential 33:41 arg1 Oil 43:45 Essential Oil 33:45 Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus 33:65 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 4 43 theme chitosan 492:499 arg1 beads 501:505 chitosan beads 492:505 chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 492:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 4 43 theme chitosan 492:499 arg1 CB 508:509 CB 508:509 CB 508:509 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 8 44 theme Gram-positive 1096:1108 arg1 bacteria 1110:1117 Gram-positive bacteria 1096:1117 Gram-positive bacteria 1096:1117 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 11 45 dep its 1548:1550 arg1 uses 1552:1555 uses 1552:1555 uses 1552:1555 The quality attributes of the fillets were preserved for 26 days, suggesting its uses for the treatment for perishable food. 31500281 3 46 theme conservation 376:387 arg1 method 389:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 an excellent food conservation method 358:394 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 3 46 theme conservation 376:387 arg1 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan 303:310 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils 303:339 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 5 47 theme TCEO 643:646 arg1 composition 648:658 The TCEO composition 639:658 The TCEO composition 639:658 The TCEO composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). 31500281 0 48 theme capitatus 57:65 arg1 Oil 43:45 Essential Oil 33:45 Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus 33:65 Chitosan Beads Incorporated with Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus: Stability Studies on Red Tilapia Fillets. 31500281 4 49 theme fillets 630:636 arg1 conservation 610:621 the conservation 606:621 the conservation of the fillets 606:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 7 50 theme protective 935:944 arg1 effect 946:951 The protective effect 931:951 The protective effect of the beads 931:964 The protective effect of the beads was tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria growth for four weeks. 31500281 10 51 theme active 1389:1394 arg1 compounds 1396:1404 the active compounds 1385:1404 the active compounds 1385:1404 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 1 52 theme Red 110:112 arg1 Tilapia 114:120 Red Tilapia 110:120 Red Tilapia 110:120 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 6 53 dep transform 779:787 arg1 infrared 789:796 infrared 789:796 transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 779:928 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 10 54 theme higher 1367:1372 arg1 contact 1374:1380 a higher contact 1365:1380 a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability 1365:1468 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 5 55 theme gas 681:683 arg1 CG-MS 719:723 CG-MS 719:723 CG-MS 719:723 The TCEO composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). 31500281 5 55 theme gas 681:683 arg1 spectrometry 705:716 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 681:716 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS) 681:724 The TCEO composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). 31500281 11 56 theme fillets 1501:1507 arg1 attributes 1483:1492 The quality attributes 1471:1492 The quality attributes of the fillets 1471:1507 The quality attributes of the fillets were preserved for 26 days, suggesting its uses for the treatment for perishable food. 31500281 4 57 theme essential 554:562 arg1 oil 564:566 Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil 530:566 Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 530:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 2 58 theme preservation 209:220 arg1 result 189:194 a result 187:194 a result 187:194 As a result, it requires preservation methods for safe consumption without affecting its organoleptic characteristics. 31500281 2 58 theme preservation 209:220 arg1 methods 222:228 preservation methods 209:228 preservation methods 209:228 As a result, it requires preservation methods for safe consumption without affecting its organoleptic characteristics. 31500281 8 59 theme higher 1122:1127 arg1 mg/L 1163:1166 1000 and 2000 mg/L 1149:1166 1000 and 2000 mg/L 1149:1166 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 8 59 theme higher 1122:1127 arg1 concentration 1134:1146 higher TCEO concentration 1122:1146 higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L) 1122:1167 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 10 60 theme CB-TCEO 1349:1355 arg1 incorporation 1328:1340 the incorporation 1324:1340 the incorporation of the CB-TCEO 1324:1355 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 11 61 theme perishable 1579:1588 arg1 food 1590:1593 perishable food 1579:1593 perishable food 1579:1593 The quality attributes of the fillets were preserved for 26 days, suggesting its uses for the treatment for perishable food. 31500281 1 62 from fish 165:168 arg1 world 177:181 the world 173:181 the world 173:181 Red Tilapia is one of the most consumed but perishable fish in the world. 31500281 9 63 theme fillet 1244:1249 arg1 nitrogen 1213:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen 1192:1220 total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N) 1192:1230 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 63 theme fillet 1244:1249 arg1 pH 1188:1189 the pH 1184:1189 the pH 1184:1189 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 63 theme fillet 1244:1249 arg1 attributes 1285:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 quality attributes 1277:1294 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 63 theme fillet 1244:1249 arg1 texture 1251:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 fillet texture 1244:1257 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 9 63 theme fillet 1244:1249 arg1 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 color 1233:1237 Besides that, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (T-BNV-N), color, and fillet texture were evaluated as quality attributes. 31500281 3 64 theme essential 326:334 arg1 oils 336:339 essential oils 326:339 essential oils 326:339 Chitosan encapsulating essential oils have shown to be an excellent food conservation method. 31500281 4 65 theme red 467:469 arg1 fillets 479:485 red Tilapia fillets 467:485 red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets 467:636 For that reason, we carried out the study of the protective effect on red Tilapia fillets with chitosan beads (CB) incorporated with Thymus capitatus (TCEO) essential oil at 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L to assess the conservation of the fillets. 31500281 10 66 theme excellent 1450:1458 arg1 stability 1460:1468 more excellent stability 1445:1468 more excellent stability 1445:1468 The results suggested that the incorporation of the CB-TCEO allowed a higher contact of the active compounds with the food surface, which reflected more excellent stability. 31500281 8 67 theme inhibition 1075:1084 arg1 effect 1086:1091 an inhibition effect 1072:1091 an inhibition effect 1072:1091 The results showed an inhibition effect in Gram-positive bacteria at higher TCEO concentration (1000 and 2000 mg/L). 31500281 6 68 theme electron 904:911 arg1 microscopy 913:922 Scanning electron microscopy 895:922 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 895:928 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31500281 6 68 theme electron 904:911 arg1 SEM 925:927 SEM 925:927 SEM 925:927 For the other side, CB was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 31151643 0 0 theme wheat 72:76 arg1 sourdoughs 90:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 8 1 theme Wheat 1054:1058 arg1 substitution 1060:1071 Wheat substitution 1054:1071 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour 1054:1091 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 2 2 theme native 314:319 arg1 beans 342:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 8 3 theme higher 1137:1142 arg1 content 1152:1158 the higher protein content 1133:1158 the higher protein content 1133:1158 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 1 4 theme flour 230:234 arg1 value 215:219 the nutritional value 199:219 the nutritional value of wheat flour 199:234 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 2 5 theme sourdoughs 433:442 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 3 6 theme investigated 463:474 arg1 flour 476:480 the investigated flour 459:480 the investigated flour 459:480 Regardless of the investigated flour, temperature increase resulted in significant decrease of water soluble index. 31151643 2 7 from impact 276:281 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 0 8 theme based 84:88 arg1 sourdoughs 90:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 0 9 from Impact 0:5 arg1 properties 58:67 rheological and thermal properties 34:67 rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs 34:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 7 10 theme dynamic 975:981 arg1 analysis 994:1001 dynamic rheometric analysis 975:1001 dynamic rheometric analysis 975:1001 Sourdoughs were further obtained out of the composite flours and dynamic rheometric analysis showed that fermentation improved flow resistance. 31151643 0 11 theme flour 78:82 arg1 sourdoughs 90:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 wheat flour based sourdoughs 72:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 5 12 theme Differential 628:639 arg1 calorimetry 650:660 Differential scanning calorimetry 628:660 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours 628:683 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 7 13 theme composite 954:962 arg1 flours 964:969 the composite flours 950:969 the composite flours 950:969 Sourdoughs were further obtained out of the composite flours and dynamic rheometric analysis showed that fermentation improved flow resistance. 31151643 2 14 theme study 252:256 arg1 aim 241:243 The aim 237:243 The aim of the study 237:256 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 2 15 theme substitution 298:309 arg1 impact 276:281 the impact 272:281 the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 272:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 8 16 theme bean 1082:1085 arg1 flour 1087:1091 broad bean flour 1076:1091 broad bean flour 1076:1091 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 3 17 theme temperature 483:493 arg1 increase 495:502 temperature increase 483:502 temperature increase 483:502 Regardless of the investigated flour, temperature increase resulted in significant decrease of water soluble index. 31151643 1 18 theme proteins 143:150 arg1 flour 113:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 18 theme proteins 143:150 arg1 balance 191:197 balance 191:197 balance 191:197 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 18 theme proteins 143:150 arg1 source 133:138 a valuable source 122:138 a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients 122:169 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 0 19 theme sourdoughs 90:99 arg1 properties 58:67 rheological and thermal properties 34:67 rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs 34:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 6 20 theme temperature 887:897 arg1 test 904:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 8 21 theme broad 1076:1080 arg1 flour 1087:1091 broad bean flour 1076:1091 broad bean flour 1076:1091 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 4 22 theme swelling 612:619 arg1 power 621:625 the swelling power 608:625 the swelling power 608:625 Addition of broad bean to wheat flour affected the swelling power. 31151643 5 23 theme complexes 791:799 arg1 disruption 801:810 amylose-lipids complexes disruption 776:810 amylose-lipids complexes disruption 776:810 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 6 24 theme rheometric 876:885 arg1 test 904:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 5 25 dep ∼100 °C 754:760 arg1 attributed 762:771 attributed 762:771 ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption 754:810 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 6 26 theme ramp 899:902 arg1 test 904:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 the rheometric temperature ramp test 872:907 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 1 27 theme micronutrients 156:169 arg1 flour 113:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 27 theme micronutrients 156:169 arg1 balance 191:197 balance 191:197 balance 191:197 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 27 theme micronutrients 156:169 arg1 source 133:138 a valuable source 122:138 a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients 122:169 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 2 28 theme broad 336:340 arg1 beans 342:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 0 29 theme beans 16:20 arg1 addition 22:29 broad beans addition 10:29 broad beans addition 10:29 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 3 30 theme significant 516:526 arg1 decrease 528:535 significant decrease 516:535 significant decrease of water soluble index 516:558 Regardless of the investigated flour, temperature increase resulted in significant decrease of water soluble index. 31151643 2 31 theme thermal 370:376 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 0 32 theme broad 10:14 arg1 addition 22:29 broad beans addition 10:29 broad beans addition 10:29 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 4 33 theme broad 573:577 arg1 bean 579:582 broad bean 573:582 broad bean 573:582 Addition of broad bean to wheat flour affected the swelling power. 31151643 4 34 theme wheat 587:591 arg1 flour 593:597 wheat flour 587:597 wheat flour 587:597 Addition of broad bean to wheat flour affected the swelling power. 31151643 2 35 theme flour 292:296 arg1 substitution 298:309 wheat flour substitution 286:309 wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans 286:346 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 8 36 theme sourdoughs 1103:1112 arg1 consistency 1114:1124 sourdoughs consistency 1103:1124 sourdoughs consistency 1103:1124 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 2 37 theme related 361:367 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 0 38 theme addition 22:29 arg1 Impact 0:5 Impact 0:5 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 0:100 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 2 39 theme flours 422:427 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 2 40 theme rheological 382:392 arg1 properties 394:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties 351:403 the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs 351:442 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 7 41 theme flow 1037:1040 arg1 resistance 1042:1051 flow resistance 1037:1051 flow resistance 1037:1051 Sourdoughs were further obtained out of the composite flours and dynamic rheometric analysis showed that fermentation improved flow resistance. 31151643 2 42 theme composite 412:420 arg1 flours 422:427 the composite flours 408:427 the composite flours 408:427 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 5 43 theme scanning 641:648 arg1 calorimetry 650:660 Differential scanning calorimetry 628:660 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours 628:683 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 3 44 theme soluble 546:552 arg1 index 554:558 water soluble index 540:558 water soluble index 540:558 Regardless of the investigated flour, temperature increase resulted in significant decrease of water soluble index. 31151643 1 45 theme Broad 102:106 arg1 flour 113:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 45 theme Broad 102:106 arg1 source 133:138 a valuable source 122:138 a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients 122:169 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 0 46 theme rheological 34:44 arg1 properties 58:67 rheological and thermal properties 34:67 rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs 34:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 5 47 theme calorimetry 650:660 arg1 measurements 662:673 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements 628:673 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours 628:683 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 3 48 theme index 554:558 arg1 decrease 528:535 significant decrease 516:535 significant decrease of water soluble index 516:558 Regardless of the investigated flour, temperature increase resulted in significant decrease of water soluble index. 31151643 1 49 theme bean 108:111 arg1 flour 113:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 49 theme bean 108:111 arg1 source 133:138 a valuable source 122:138 a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients 122:169 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 6 50 theme dependent 830:838 arg1 events 840:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 2 51 theme wheat 286:290 arg1 substitution 298:309 wheat flour substitution 286:309 wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans 286:346 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 5 52 from measurements 662:673 arg1 flours 678:683 flours 678:683 flours 678:683 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 1 53 theme nutritional 203:213 arg1 value 215:219 the nutritional value 199:219 the nutritional value of wheat flour 199:234 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 8 54 theme protein 1144:1150 arg1 content 1152:1158 the higher protein content 1133:1158 the higher protein content 1133:1158 Wheat substitution by broad bean flour increased sourdoughs consistency due to the higher protein content. 31151643 6 55 theme thermal 822:828 arg1 events 840:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 5 56 theme starch 727:732 arg1 gelatinization 734:747 starch gelatinization 727:747 starch gelatinization 727:747 Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on flours indicated two peaks at ∼70 °C assigned to starch gelatinization, and ∼100 °C attributed to amylose-lipids complexes disruption. 31151643 6 57 theme same 817:820 arg1 events 840:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events 813:845 The same thermal dependent events were highlighted through the rheometric temperature ramp test. 31151643 2 58 theme germinated 325:334 arg1 beans 342:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 native and germinated broad beans 314:346 The aim of the study was to assess the impact of wheat flour substitution by native and germinated broad beans on the water related, thermal and rheological properties of the composite flours and sourdoughs. 31151643 7 59 dep flours 964:969 arg1 out 943:945 out 943:945 out 943:945 Sourdoughs were further obtained out of the composite flours and dynamic rheometric analysis showed that fermentation improved flow resistance. 31151643 0 60 theme thermal 50:56 arg1 properties 58:67 rheological and thermal properties 34:67 rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs 34:99 Impact of broad beans addition on rheological and thermal properties of wheat flour based sourdoughs. 31151643 4 61 theme bean 579:582 arg1 Addition 561:568 Addition 561:568 Addition of broad bean to wheat flour 561:597 Addition of broad bean to wheat flour affected the swelling power. 31151643 7 62 theme rheometric 983:992 arg1 analysis 994:1001 dynamic rheometric analysis 975:1001 dynamic rheometric analysis 975:1001 Sourdoughs were further obtained out of the composite flours and dynamic rheometric analysis showed that fermentation improved flow resistance. 31151643 1 63 theme valuable 124:131 arg1 flour 113:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour 102:117 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 63 theme valuable 124:131 arg1 source 133:138 a valuable source 122:138 a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients 122:169 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31151643 1 64 theme wheat 224:228 arg1 flour 230:234 wheat flour 224:234 wheat flour 224:234 Broad bean flour is a valuable source of proteins and micronutrients and can efficiently balance the nutritional value of wheat flour. 31654950 1 0 theme state 154:158 arg1 diagram 160:166 state diagram 154:166 state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 154:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 0 1 theme pectin 81:86 arg1 solution 88:95 pectin solution 81:95 pectin solution 81:95 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 4 2 theme colloids 919:926 arg1 solutions 928:936 concentrated colloids solutions 906:936 concentrated colloids solutions 906:936 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 6 3 theme colloids 1135:1142 arg1 solutions 1144:1152 the mixed colloids solutions 1125:1152 the mixed colloids solutions 1125:1152 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 4 4 theme concentrated 906:917 arg1 solutions 928:936 concentrated colloids solutions 906:936 concentrated colloids solutions 906:936 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 6 5 theme storage 1106:1112 arg1 modulus 1114:1120 the highest storage modulus 1094:1120 the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions 1094:1152 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 6 6 theme mixed 1129:1133 arg1 solutions 1144:1152 the mixed colloids solutions 1125:1152 the mixed colloids solutions 1125:1152 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 5 7 theme mixing 943:948 arg1 ratio 950:954 The mixing ratio 939:954 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 939:972 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 increased to pH 5.5 as PPI-SBP mixing ratio increased to 20:1. 31654950 6 8 theme net 1069:1071 arg1 neutrality 1080:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 1 9 from solutions 304:312 arg1 pH 199:200 boundary formation pH 180:200 boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 180:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 4 10 theme state 761:765 arg1 diagram 767:773 state diagram 761:773 state diagram 761:773 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 1 11 theme boundary 180:187 arg1 pH 199:200 boundary formation pH 180:200 boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 180:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 5 12 theme dependent 956:964 arg1 ratio 950:954 The mixing ratio 939:954 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 939:972 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 increased to pH 5.5 as PPI-SBP mixing ratio increased to 20:1. 31654950 3 13 theme coacervates 693:703 arg1 behaviors 658:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 13 theme coacervates 693:703 arg1 bonding 682:688 non-covalent bonding 669:688 non-covalent bonding of coacervates 669:703 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 13 theme coacervates 693:703 arg1 microstructure 710:723 microstructure 710:723 microstructure of coacervates 710:738 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 14 theme coacervates 728:738 arg1 behaviors 658:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 14 theme coacervates 728:738 arg1 bonding 682:688 non-covalent bonding 669:688 non-covalent bonding of coacervates 669:703 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 14 theme coacervates 728:738 arg1 microstructure 710:723 microstructure 710:723 microstructure of coacervates 710:738 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 15 theme Isothermal 509:518 arg1 calorimetry 530:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry 509:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry 509:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 2 16 theme pH 341:342 arg1 effects 330:336 The effects 326:336 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation 326:410 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 0 17 theme Phase 0:4 arg1 behavior 6:13 Phase behavior 0:13 Phase behavior 0:13 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 1 18 theme sugar 264:268 arg1 beet 270:273 sugar beet 264:273 sugar beet pectin (SBP) 264:286 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 2 19 from effects 330:336 arg1 formation 402:410 coacervates formation 390:410 coacervates formation 390:410 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 3 20 theme titration 520:528 arg1 calorimetry 530:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry 509:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry 509:540 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 1 21 theme formation 189:197 arg1 pH 199:200 boundary formation pH 180:200 boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 180:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 0 22 theme complex 19:25 arg1 coacervation 27:38 complex coacervation 19:38 complex coacervation 19:38 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 1 23 theme beet 270:273 arg1 pectin 275:280 sugar beet pectin 264:280 sugar beet pectin (SBP) 264:286 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 23 theme beet 270:273 arg1 SBP 283:285 SBP 283:285 SBP 283:285 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 2 24 theme composition 487:497 arg1 analysis 499:506 phase composition analysis 481:506 phase composition analysis 481:506 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 5 25 theme PPI-SBP 997:1003 arg1 ratio 1012:1016 PPI-SBP mixing ratio 997:1016 PPI-SBP mixing ratio 997:1016 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 increased to pH 5.5 as PPI-SBP mixing ratio increased to 20:1. 31654950 6 26 theme highest 1098:1104 arg1 modulus 1114:1120 the highest storage modulus 1094:1120 the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions 1094:1152 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 2 27 theme mixing 362:367 arg1 1:1-20:1 377:384 1:1-20:1 377:384 1:1-20:1 377:384 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 2 27 theme mixing 362:367 arg1 ratios 369:374 PPI-SBP mixing ratios 354:374 PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) 354:385 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 2 28 theme ratios 369:374 arg1 effects 330:336 The effects 326:336 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation 326:410 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 2 29 theme phase 481:485 arg1 analysis 499:506 phase composition analysis 481:506 phase composition analysis 481:506 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 2 30 theme PPI-SBP 354:360 arg1 1:1-20:1 377:384 1:1-20:1 377:384 1:1-20:1 377:384 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 2 30 theme PPI-SBP 354:360 arg1 ratios 369:374 PPI-SBP mixing ratios 354:374 PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) 354:385 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 3 31 theme scanning 543:550 arg1 microscopy 561:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 6 32 theme solutions 1144:1152 arg1 modulus 1114:1120 the highest storage modulus 1094:1120 the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions 1094:1152 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 6 32 theme solutions 1144:1152 arg1 neutrality 1080:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 1 33 theme complex 206:212 arg1 coacervates 214:224 complex coacervates 206:224 complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) 206:286 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 3 34 theme electron 552:559 arg1 microscopy 561:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 scanning electron microscopy 543:570 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 3 35 dep Fourier 577:583 arg1 transform 585:593 transform 585:593 transform infrared spectroscopy 585:615 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 2 36 theme coacervates 390:400 arg1 formation 402:410 coacervates formation 390:410 coacervates formation 390:410 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31654950 0 37 theme protein 60:66 arg1 behavior 6:13 Phase behavior 0:13 Phase behavior 0:13 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 0 37 theme protein 60:66 arg1 coacervation 27:38 complex coacervation 19:38 complex coacervation 19:38 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 4 38 theme pH 824:825 arg1 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 38 theme pH 824:825 arg1 values 827:832 the three characteristic pH values 799:832 the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions 799:936 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 38 theme pH 824:825 arg1 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 38 theme pH 824:825 arg1 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 0 39 theme concentrated 43:54 arg1 protein 60:66 concentrated pea protein 43:66 concentrated pea protein 43:66 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 5 40 theme mixing 1005:1010 arg1 ratio 1012:1016 PPI-SBP mixing ratio 997:1016 PPI-SBP mixing ratio 997:1016 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 increased to pH 5.5 as PPI-SBP mixing ratio increased to 20:1. 31654950 4 41 theme characteristic 809:822 arg1 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 41 theme characteristic 809:822 arg1 values 827:832 the three characteristic pH values 799:832 the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions 799:936 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 41 theme characteristic 809:822 arg1 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 41 theme characteristic 809:822 arg1 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 1 42 theme concentrated 291:302 arg1 solutions 304:312 concentrated solutions 291:312 concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 291:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 42 theme concentrated 291:302 arg1 % 322:322 ~2.0 wt% 315:322 ~2.0 wt% 315:322 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 4 43 theme recognizable 867:878 arg1 transitions 880:890 recognizable transitions 867:890 recognizable transitions 867:890 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 3 44 theme thermodynamic 644:656 arg1 behaviors 658:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 thermodynamic behaviors 644:666 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 6 45 theme charge 1073:1078 arg1 neutrality 1080:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 the net charge neutrality 1065:1089 The pHopt was recognized at the net charge neutrality or the highest storage modulus of the mixed colloids solutions. 31654950 3 46 dep transform 585:593 arg1 infrared 595:602 infrared 595:602 transform infrared spectroscopy 585:615 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 5 47 theme pHφ1 969:972 arg1 dependent 956:964 dependent 956:964 dependent 956:964 The mixing ratio dependent of pHφ1 increased to pH 5.5 as PPI-SBP mixing ratio increased to 20:1. 31654950 1 48 theme alternative 129:139 arg1 method 141:146 an alternative method 126:146 an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%) 126:323 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 49 theme pea 234:236 arg1 PPI 255:257 PPI 255:257 PPI 255:257 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 49 theme pea 234:236 arg1 isolate 246:252 pea protein isolate 234:252 pea protein isolate (PPI) 234:258 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 50 theme protein 238:244 arg1 PPI 255:257 PPI 255:257 PPI 255:257 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 1 50 theme protein 238:244 arg1 isolate 246:252 pea protein isolate 234:252 pea protein isolate (PPI) 234:258 This study aimed to develop an alternative method named state diagram to identify boundary formation pH for complex coacervates between pea protein isolate (PPI) and sugar beet pectin (SBP) at concentrated solutions (~2.0 wt%). 31654950 0 51 theme pea 56:58 arg1 protein 60:66 concentrated pea protein 43:66 concentrated pea protein 43:66 Phase behavior and complex coacervation of concentrated pea protein isolate-beet pectin solution. 31654950 3 52 theme non-covalent 669:680 arg1 bonding 682:688 non-covalent bonding 669:688 non-covalent bonding of coacervates 669:703 Isothermal titration calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to elucidate thermodynamic behaviors, non-covalent bonding of coacervates, and microstructure of coacervates. 31654950 4 53 dep values 827:832 arg1 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 pHφ1 835:838 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 53 dep values 827:832 arg1 values 827:832 the three characteristic pH values 799:832 the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions 799:936 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 53 dep values 827:832 arg1 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 pHopt 841:845 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 4 53 dep values 827:832 arg1 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 pHφ2 852:855 We demonstrate that state diagram can explicitly identify the three characteristic pH values (pHφ1, pHopt, and pHφ2) at which recognizable transitions take place in concentrated colloids solutions. 31654950 2 54 theme state 433:437 arg1 diagram 439:445 state diagram 433:445 state diagram 433:445 The effects of pH (7-2) and PPI-SBP mixing ratios (1:1-20:1) on coacervates formation were investigated by state diagram, zeta-potential, rheological, and phase composition analysis. 31887387 0 0 theme lignocellulose 89:102 arg1 efficiency 30:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 0 0 theme lignocellulose 89:102 arg1 properties 61:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 5 1 theme content 790:796 arg1 aspects 772:778 the aspects 768:778 the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure 768:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 1 2 theme biotransformation 182:198 arg1 technology 200:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 5 3 theme EBI 733:735 arg1 pretreatment 737:748 the EBI pretreatment 729:748 the EBI pretreatment 729:748 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 10 4 contain has 1499:1501 arg2 guide 1513:1517 important guide 1503:1517 important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods 1503:1581 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 10 4 contain has 1499:1501 arg1 study 1493:1497 This study 1488:1497 This study 1488:1497 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 7 5 theme enzymatic 1263:1271 arg1 efficiency 1284:1293 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 1263:1293 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose 1263:1315 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 10 6 theme important 1503:1511 arg1 guide 1513:1517 important guide 1503:1517 important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods 1503:1581 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 2 7 theme irradiation 325:335 arg1 method 356:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method was discussed in this study. 31887387 6 8 theme cellulose 1099:1107 arg1 polymerization 1074:1087 polymerization 1074:1087 polymerization 1074:1087 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 6 8 theme cellulose 1099:1107 arg1 crystallinity 1056:1068 crystallinity 1056:1068 crystallinity 1056:1068 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 7 9 theme hydrolysis 1273:1282 arg1 efficiency 1284:1293 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 1263:1293 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose 1263:1315 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 7 10 theme lignocellulose 1206:1219 arg1 pretreatment 1176:1187 the pretreatment 1172:1187 the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation 1172:1236 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 2 11 theme beam 320:323 arg1 method 356:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method was discussed in this study. 31887387 6 12 from lignin 1017:1022 arg1 lignocellulose 1027:1040 lignocellulose 1027:1040 lignocellulose 1027:1040 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 4 13 theme X-ray 613:617 arg1 diffraction 619:629 X-ray diffraction 613:629 X-ray diffraction 613:629 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 0 14 theme electron 128:135 arg1 irradiation 142:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 6 15 dep crystallinity 1056:1068 arg1 the 1052:1054 the 1052:1054 the 1052:1054 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 6 15 dep crystallinity 1056:1068 arg1 degree 1089:1094 degree 1089:1094 degree 1089:1094 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 10 16 theme pretreatment 1562:1573 arg1 methods 1575:1581 EBI pretreatment methods 1558:1581 EBI pretreatment methods 1558:1581 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 5 17 theme molecular 871:879 arg1 structure 881:889 cellulose molecular structure 861:889 cellulose molecular structure 861:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 2 18 theme electron 311:318 arg1 method 356:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method was discussed in this study. 31887387 3 19 theme 0-1200 kGy 416:425 arg1 dose 439:442 a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose 414:442 a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose 414:442 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 3 20 from effects 403:409 arg1 efficiency 464:473 saccharification efficiency 447:473 saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) 447:507 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 3 20 from effects 403:409 arg1 cellulose 531:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 5 21 theme cellulose 799:807 arg1 crystallinity 809:821 cellulose crystallinity 799:821 cellulose crystallinity 799:821 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 7 22 contain has 1238:1240 arg2 trend 1254:1258 a different trend 1242:1258 a different trend 1242:1258 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 7 22 contain has 1238:1240 arg1 pretreatment 1176:1187 the pretreatment 1172:1187 the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation 1172:1236 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 7 23 theme different 1244:1252 arg1 trend 1254:1258 a different trend 1242:1258 a different trend 1242:1258 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 6 24 theme enzymatic 979:987 arg1 hydrolysis 989:998 enzymatic hydrolysis 979:998 enzymatic hydrolysis 979:998 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 5 25 theme polymerization 834:847 arg1 degree 849:854 cellulose polymerization degree 824:854 cellulose polymerization degree 824:854 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 7 26 theme irradiation 1300:1310 arg1 dose 1312:1315 irradiation dose 1300:1315 irradiation dose 1300:1315 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 2 27 theme pretreatment 343:354 arg1 method 356:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method was discussed in this study. 31887387 5 28 theme degree 849:854 arg1 aspects 772:778 the aspects 768:778 the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure 768:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 0 29 with pretreatment 110:121 arg1 irradiation 142:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 7 30 with pretreatment 1176:1187 arg1 irradiation 1226:1236 irradiation 1226:1236 irradiation 1226:1236 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 3 31 theme saccharification 447:462 arg1 efficiency 464:473 saccharification efficiency 447:473 saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) 447:507 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 0 32 theme hydrolysis 19:28 arg1 efficiency 30:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 10 33 theme methods 1575:1581 arg1 application 1527:1537 application 1527:1537 application 1527:1537 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 10 33 theme methods 1575:1581 arg1 development 1543:1553 development 1543:1553 development 1543:1553 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 2 34 theme EBI 338:340 arg1 method 356:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method 307:361 The electron beam irradiation (EBI) pretreatment method was discussed in this study. 31887387 5 35 theme cellulose 861:869 arg1 structure 881:889 cellulose molecular structure 861:889 cellulose molecular structure 861:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 0 36 theme enzymatic 9:17 arg1 efficiency 30:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 0 37 theme beam 137:140 arg1 irradiation 142:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 electron beam irradiation 128:152 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 10 38 dep application 1527:1537 arg1 the 1523:1525 the 1523:1525 the 1523:1525 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 1 39 theme important 237:245 arg1 step 247:250 the most important step 228:250 the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost 228:304 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 1 39 theme important 237:245 arg1 pretreatment 212:223 pretreatment 212:223 pretreatment 212:223 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 3 40 theme irradiation 427:437 arg1 dose 439:442 a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose 414:442 a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose 414:442 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 9 41 theme possible 1432:1439 arg1 pathway 1453:1459 a possible degradation pathway 1430:1459 a possible degradation pathway of cellulose 1430:1472 And a possible degradation pathway of cellulose was proposed. 31887387 5 42 theme pretreatment 737:748 arg1 mechanism 716:724 the mechanism 712:724 the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment 712:748 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 5 43 theme structure 881:889 arg1 aspects 772:778 the aspects 768:778 the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure 768:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 4 44 dep transform 670:678 arg1 infrared 680:687 infrared 680:687 transform infrared spectroscopy 670:700 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 3 45 theme lignocellulose 478:491 arg1 biomass 493:499 lignocellulose biomass 478:499 lignocellulose biomass (birch) 478:507 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 3 45 theme lignocellulose 478:491 arg1 birch 502:506 birch 502:506 birch 502:506 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 3 46 theme dose 439:442 arg1 effects 403:409 the effects 399:409 the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose 399:539 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 9 47 theme degradation 1441:1451 arg1 pathway 1453:1459 a possible degradation pathway 1430:1459 a possible degradation pathway of cellulose 1430:1472 And a possible degradation pathway of cellulose was proposed. 31887387 5 48 theme crystallinity 809:821 arg1 aspects 772:778 the aspects 768:778 the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure 768:889 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 4 49 theme polymerization 642:655 arg1 Fourier 662:668 Fourier 662:668 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 662:700 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 4 49 theme polymerization 642:655 arg1 degree 632:637 degree 632:637 degree of polymerization 632:655 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 4 49 theme polymerization 642:655 arg1 composition 600:610 composition 600:610 composition 600:610 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 4 49 theme polymerization 642:655 arg1 diffraction 619:629 X-ray diffraction 613:629 X-ray diffraction 613:629 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 1 50 from step 247:250 arg1 technology 200:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 3 51 theme biomass 493:499 arg1 efficiency 464:473 saccharification efficiency 447:473 saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) 447:507 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 3 51 theme biomass 493:499 arg1 cellulose 531:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 7 52 theme cellulose 1192:1200 arg1 pretreatment 1176:1187 the pretreatment 1172:1187 the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation 1172:1236 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 6 53 theme hydrolysis 989:998 arg1 efficiency 965:974 the efficiency 961:974 the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis 961:998 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 5 54 theme cellulose 824:832 arg1 degree 849:854 cellulose polymerization degree 824:854 cellulose polymerization degree 824:854 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 6 55 theme EBI 918:920 arg1 pretreatment 922:933 the EBI pretreatment 914:933 the EBI pretreatment 914:933 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 8 56 theme irradiation 1363:1373 arg1 effects 1375:1381 irradiation effects 1363:1381 irradiation effects 1363:1381 This indicates that there is a difference in irradiation effects between pure cellulose and lignocellulose. 31887387 0 57 theme physicochemical 45:59 arg1 properties 61:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 4 58 theme pretreated 565:574 arg1 samples 576:582 the pretreated samples 561:582 the pretreated samples 561:582 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 10 59 theme EBI 1558:1560 arg1 methods 1575:1581 EBI pretreatment methods 1558:1581 EBI pretreatment methods 1558:1581 This study has important guide for the application and development of EBI pretreatment methods. 31887387 3 60 theme pure 526:529 arg1 cellulose 531:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 analytically pure cellulose 513:539 First, the effects of a 0-1200 kGy irradiation dose on saccharification efficiency of lignocellulose biomass (birch) and analytically pure cellulose were studied. 31887387 9 61 theme cellulose 1464:1472 arg1 pathway 1453:1459 a possible degradation pathway 1430:1459 a possible degradation pathway of cellulose 1430:1472 And a possible degradation pathway of cellulose was proposed. 31887387 7 62 with efficiency 1284:1293 arg1 dose 1312:1315 irradiation dose 1300:1315 irradiation dose 1300:1315 It also obtained that the pretreatment of cellulose and lignocellulose with irradiation has a different trend in enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency with irradiation dose. 31887387 4 63 dep Fourier 662:668 arg1 transform 670:678 transform 670:678 transform infrared spectroscopy 670:700 Then, the pretreated samples were tested for composition, X-ray diffraction, degree of polymerization, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. 31887387 8 64 from difference 1349:1358 arg1 effects 1375:1381 irradiation effects 1363:1381 irradiation effects 1363:1381 This indicates that there is a difference in irradiation effects between pure cellulose and lignocellulose. 31887387 8 65 theme pure 1391:1394 arg1 cellulose 1396:1404 pure cellulose 1391:1404 pure cellulose 1391:1404 This indicates that there is a difference in irradiation effects between pure cellulose and lignocellulose. 31887387 0 66 theme cellulose 75:83 arg1 efficiency 30:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency 9:39 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 0 66 theme cellulose 75:83 arg1 properties 61:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 physicochemical properties 45:70 Study on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and physicochemical properties of cellulose and lignocellulose after pretreatment with electron beam irradiation. 31887387 1 67 theme lignocellulosic 158:172 arg1 technology 200:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 6 68 theme cellulose 1129:1137 arg1 molecules 1139:1147 the cellulose molecules 1125:1147 the cellulose molecules 1125:1147 The results show that the EBI pretreatment can significantly improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis by degrading the lignin in lignocellulose, reducing the crystallinity and polymerization degree of cellulose, and destroying the cellulose molecules. 31887387 1 69 theme conversion 268:277 arg1 efficiency 279:288 the conversion efficiency 264:288 the conversion efficiency 264:288 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 31887387 5 70 theme lignin 783:788 arg1 content 790:796 lignin content 783:796 lignin content 783:796 Finally, the mechanism of the EBI pretreatment was analyzed from the aspects of lignin content, cellulose crystallinity, cellulose polymerization degree, and cellulose molecular structure. 31887387 1 71 theme biomass 174:180 arg1 technology 200:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology 158:209 In lignocellulosic biomass biotransformation technology, pretreatment is the most important step to increase the conversion efficiency and reduce cost. 30758129 5 0 dep transform 794:802 arg1 infrared 804:811 infrared 804:811 transform infrared analysis 794:820 Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel. 30758129 6 1 theme gel 890:892 arg1 determination 903:915 gel fraction determination 890:915 gel fraction determination 890:915 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 10 2 contain has 1611:1613 arg2 application 1627:1637 a potential application 1615:1637 a potential application 1615:1637 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 10 2 contain has 1611:1613 arg1 hydrogel 1602:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 2 3 from effects 328:334 arg1 synthesis 363:371 the synthesis 359:371 the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing 359:521 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 8 4 theme composite 1203:1211 arg1 hydrogel 1213:1220 the composite hydrogel 1199:1220 the composite hydrogel 1199:1220 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 7 5 theme swelling 1095:1102 arg1 ratio 1104:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 9 6 theme Human 1406:1410 arg1 attachment 1435:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 9 7 theme fibroblast 1419:1428 arg1 attachment 1435:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 2 8 theme potential 495:503 arg1 synthesis 363:371 the synthesis 359:371 the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing 359:521 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 9 9 theme attachment 1435:1444 arg1 studies 1464:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies 1406:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies 1406:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 8 10 theme mechanical 1174:1183 arg1 properties 1185:1194 The mechanical properties 1170:1194 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel 1170:1220 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 10 11 theme composite 1592:1600 arg1 hydrogel 1602:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 9 12 theme proliferation 1450:1462 arg1 studies 1464:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies 1406:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies 1406:1470 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 4 13 theme transmission 689:700 arg1 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 13 theme transmission 689:700 arg1 rates 702:706 water vapor transmission rates 677:706 water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) 677:714 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 13 theme transmission 689:700 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 0 14 theme wound 159:163 arg1 dressing 165:172 wound dressing 159:172 wound dressing 159:172 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 6 15 theme morphological 921:933 arg1 study 935:939 morphological study 921:939 morphological study 921:939 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 2 16 theme wound 508:512 arg1 dressing 514:521 wound dressing 508:521 wound dressing 508:521 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 6 17 dep increased 955:963 arg1 leads 995:999 leads 995:999 leads 995:999 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 4 18 theme water 717:721 arg1 abilities 733:741 water retention abilities 717:741 water retention abilities 717:741 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 18 theme water 717:721 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 2 19 theme AA 460:461 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 19 theme AA 460:461 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 6 20 dep concentration 968:980 arg1 GO 965:966 GO 965:966 GO 965:966 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 3 21 theme electron-beam 568:580 arg1 irradiation 582:592 electron-beam irradiation 568:592 electron-beam irradiation 568:592 Hydrogels were successfully synthesized via electron-beam irradiation. 30758129 9 22 theme hydrogel 1504:1511 arg1 biocompatibility 1484:1499 biocompatibility 1484:1499 biocompatibility of hydrogel 1484:1511 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 9 23 from inclusion 1535:1543 arg1 hydrogel 1558:1565 the hydrogel 1554:1565 the hydrogel 1554:1565 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 6 24 theme crosslink 1012:1020 arg1 density 1022:1028 reduced crosslink density 1004:1028 reduced crosslink density 1004:1028 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 2 25 theme BNC/P 454:458 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 25 theme BNC/P 454:458 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 8 26 dep concentration 1302:1314 arg1 GO 1299:1300 GO 1299:1300 GO 1299:1300 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 4 27 theme water 677:681 arg1 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 27 theme water 677:681 arg1 rates 702:706 water vapor transmission rates 677:706 water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) 677:714 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 27 theme water 677:681 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 7 28 located found 1114:1118 arg1 hydrogel 1123:1130 hydrogel 1123:1130 hydrogel 1123:1130 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 7 28 located found 1114:1118 arg2 ratio 1104:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 0 29 theme /graphene 72:80 arg1 hydrogel 98:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel 0:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 0:173 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 1 30 theme Graphene 175:182 arg1 oxide 184:188 Graphene oxide 175:188 Graphene oxide (GO) 175:193 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 1 30 theme Graphene 175:182 arg1 material 210:217 a potential material 198:217 a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties 198:300 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 2 31 theme composite 468:476 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 31 theme composite 468:476 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 12 32 dep Res 1715:1717 arg1 2019 1758:1761 2019 1758:1761 2019 1758:1761 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 30758129 12 32 dep Res 1715:1717 arg1 B 1724:1724 Part B 1719:1724 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 1700:1762 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 30758129 12 32 dep Res 1715:1717 arg1 Biomater 1732:1739 Biomater 1732:1739 Biomater 1732:1739 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 30758129 0 33 theme composite 88:96 arg1 hydrogel 98:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel 0:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 0:173 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 4 34 theme water 744:748 arg1 absorptivity 750:761 water absorptivity 744:761 water absorptivity 744:761 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 34 theme water 744:748 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 2 35 theme BNC 401:403 arg1 poly 414:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly 376:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 35 theme BNC 401:403 arg1 acid 427:430 acrylic acid 419:430 acrylic acid 419:430 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 35 theme BNC 401:403 arg1 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 0 36 theme nanocellulose/poly 40:57 arg1 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly 16:57 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 0 36 theme nanocellulose/poly 40:57 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 0 36 theme nanocellulose/poly 40:57 arg1 acid 67:70 acrylic acid 59:70 acrylic acid 59:70 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 2 37 theme nanocellulose 386:398 arg1 poly 414:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly 376:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 37 theme nanocellulose 386:398 arg1 acid 427:430 acrylic acid 419:430 acrylic acid 419:430 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 37 theme nanocellulose 386:398 arg1 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 0 38 theme Fabrication 0:10 arg1 hydrogel 98:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel 0:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 0:173 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 2 39 dep concentration 342:354 arg1 GO 339:340 GO 339:340 GO 339:340 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 10 40 theme perdurable 1642:1651 arg1 dressing 1659:1666 perdurable wound dressing 1642:1666 perdurable wound dressing 1642:1666 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 0 41 theme evaluation 16:25 arg1 hydrogel 98:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel 0:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 0:173 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 2 42 theme oxide 447:451 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 42 theme oxide 447:451 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 8 43 theme easy 1359:1362 arg1 properties 1374:1383 the durable and easy removable properties 1343:1383 the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing 1343:1403 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 2 44 theme -grafted 405:412 arg1 poly 414:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly 376:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 44 theme -grafted 405:412 arg1 acid 427:430 acrylic acid 419:430 acrylic acid 419:430 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 44 theme -grafted 405:412 arg1 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 0 45 theme bacterial 30:38 arg1 nanocellulose/poly 40:57 bacterial nanocellulose/poly 30:57 bacterial nanocellulose/poly 30:57 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 6 46 theme pore 1041:1044 arg1 size 1046:1049 larger pore size 1034:1049 larger pore size 1034:1049 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 1 47 dep oxide 184:188 arg1 GO 191:192 GO 191:192 GO 191:192 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 2 48 theme concentration 342:354 arg1 effects 328:334 the effects 324:334 the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing 324:521 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 8 49 theme durable 1347:1353 arg1 properties 1374:1383 the durable and easy removable properties 1343:1383 the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing 1343:1403 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 8 50 theme dressing 1396:1403 arg1 properties 1374:1383 the durable and easy removable properties 1343:1383 the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing 1343:1403 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 8 51 from concentration 1302:1314 arg1 hydrogel 1323:1330 the hydrogel 1319:1330 the hydrogel 1319:1330 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 6 52 theme fraction 894:901 arg1 determination 903:915 gel fraction determination 890:915 gel fraction determination 890:915 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 12 53 theme Part 1719:1722 arg1 B 1724:1724 Part B 1719:1724 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 1700:1762 J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2140-2151, 2019. 30758129 1 54 theme excellent 249:257 arg1 biocompatibility 259:274 its excellent biocompatibility 245:274 its excellent biocompatibility 245:274 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 5 55 dep Fourier 786:792 arg1 transform 794:802 transform 794:802 transform infrared analysis 794:820 Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel. 30758129 7 56 theme highest 1087:1093 arg1 ratio 1104:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 highest swelling ratio 1087:1108 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 9 57 theme dermal 1412:1417 arg1 attachment 1435:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 10 58 theme BNC/P 1579:1583 arg1 hydrogel 1602:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 5 59 theme GO 861:862 arg1 incorporation 844:856 the successful incorporation 829:856 the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel 829:876 Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel. 30758129 8 60 theme hydrogel 1213:1220 arg1 properties 1185:1194 The mechanical properties 1170:1194 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel 1170:1220 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 7 61 dep found 1114:1118 arg1 % 1166:1166 0.09 wt % 1158:1166 0.09 wt % 1158:1166 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 0 62 theme biocompatibility 130:145 arg1 studies 147:153 biocompatibility studies 130:153 biocompatibility studies 130:153 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 9 63 theme cell 1430:1433 arg1 attachment 1435:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment 1406:1444 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 10 64 theme /GO 1588:1590 arg1 hydrogel 1602:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 biocompatibility 768:783 biocompatibility 768:783 biocompatibility 768:783 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 rates 702:706 water vapor transmission rates 677:706 water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) 677:714 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 abilities 733:741 water retention abilities 717:741 water retention abilities 717:741 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 bioadhesiveness 660:674 bioadhesiveness 660:674 bioadhesiveness 660:674 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 absorptivity 750:761 water absorptivity 744:761 water absorptivity 744:761 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 65 theme mechanical 637:646 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 1 66 theme potential 200:208 arg1 oxide 184:188 Graphene oxide 175:188 Graphene oxide (GO) 175:193 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 1 66 theme potential 200:208 arg1 material 210:217 a potential material 198:217 a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties 198:300 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 2 67 theme hydrogel 478:485 arg1 synthesis 363:371 the synthesis 359:371 the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing 359:521 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 10 68 theme AA 1585:1586 arg1 hydrogel 1602:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel 1579:1609 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 4 69 theme vapor 683:687 arg1 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 WVTRs 709:713 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 69 theme vapor 683:687 arg1 rates 702:706 water vapor transmission rates 677:706 water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) 677:714 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 69 theme vapor 683:687 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 6 70 theme larger 1034:1039 arg1 size 1046:1049 larger pore size 1034:1049 larger pore size 1034:1049 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 0 71 theme oxide 82:86 arg1 hydrogel 98:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel 0:105 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 0:173 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 6 72 theme reduced 1004:1010 arg1 density 1022:1028 reduced crosslink density 1004:1028 reduced crosslink density 1004:1028 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 8 73 theme higher 1292:1297 arg1 concentration 1302:1314 higher GO concentration 1292:1314 higher GO concentration in the hydrogel 1292:1330 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 4 74 theme retention 723:731 arg1 abilities 733:741 water retention abilities 717:741 water retention abilities 717:741 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 4 74 theme retention 723:731 arg1 properties 648:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 their mechanical properties 631:657 The hydrogels were characterized by their mechanical properties, bioadhesiveness, water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs), water retention abilities, water absorptivity, and biocompatibility. 30758129 7 75 theme wt 1163:1164 arg1 % 1166:1166 0.09 wt % 1158:1166 0.09 wt % 1158:1166 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 0 76 dep hydrogel 98:105 arg1 studies 147:153 biocompatibility studies 130:153 biocompatibility studies 130:153 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 0 76 dep hydrogel 98:105 arg1 Characterizations 108:124 Characterizations 108:124 Characterizations 108:124 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 9 77 theme GO 1548:1549 arg1 inclusion 1535:1543 the inclusion 1531:1543 the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel 1531:1565 Human dermal fibroblast cell attachment and proliferation studies showed that biocompatibility of hydrogel was improved with the inclusion of GO in the hydrogel. 30758129 6 78 theme increased 1065:1073 arg1 WVTR 1075:1078 increased WVTR 1065:1078 increased WVTR 1065:1078 Thickness, gel fraction determination and morphological study revealed that increased GO concentration in hydrogels leads to reduced crosslink density and larger pore size, resulting in increased WVTR. 30758129 2 79 theme bacterial 376:384 arg1 poly 414:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly 376:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 79 theme bacterial 376:384 arg1 acid 427:430 acrylic acid 419:430 acrylic acid 419:430 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 79 theme bacterial 376:384 arg1 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 AA 434:435 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 1 80 theme mechanical 280:289 arg1 properties 291:300 mechanical properties 280:300 mechanical properties 280:300 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 2 81 theme acrylic 419:425 arg1 poly 414:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly 376:417 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 81 theme acrylic 419:425 arg1 acid 427:430 acrylic acid 419:430 acrylic acid 419:430 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 82 theme poly 414:417 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 82 theme poly 414:417 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 7 83 theme higher 1137:1142 arg1 GO 1154:1155 GO 1154:1155 GO 1154:1155 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 7 83 theme higher 1137:1142 arg1 amount 1144:1149 higher amount 1137:1149 higher amount of GO 1137:1155 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 2 84 theme -graphene 437:445 arg1 /GO 463:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 BNC/P(AA)/GO 454:465 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 2 84 theme -graphene 437:445 arg1 hydrogel 478:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel 376:485 This study evaluated the effects of GO concentration on the synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (AA)-graphene oxide (BNC/P(AA)/GO) composite hydrogel and its potential as wound dressing. 30758129 10 85 theme potential 1617:1625 arg1 application 1627:1637 a potential application 1615:1637 a potential application 1615:1637 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 0 86 theme acrylic 59:65 arg1 acid 67:70 acrylic acid 59:70 acrylic acid 59:70 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 0 86 theme acrylic 59:65 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and evaluation of bacterial nanocellulose/poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide composite hydrogel: Characterizations and biocompatibility studies for wound dressing. 30758129 8 87 theme removable 1364:1372 arg1 properties 1374:1383 the durable and easy removable properties 1343:1383 the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing 1343:1403 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 10 88 theme wound 1653:1657 arg1 dressing 1659:1666 perdurable wound dressing 1642:1666 perdurable wound dressing 1642:1666 Therefore, BNC/P(AA)/GO composite hydrogel has a potential application as perdurable wound dressing. 30758129 1 89 theme wound 223:227 arg1 dressing 229:236 wound dressing 223:236 wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties 223:300 Graphene oxide (GO) is a potential material for wound dressing due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. 30758129 5 90 theme successful 833:842 arg1 incorporation 844:856 the successful incorporation 829:856 the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel 829:876 Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the successful incorporation of GO into hydrogel. 30758129 8 91 theme wound 1390:1394 arg1 dressing 1396:1403 a wound dressing 1388:1403 a wound dressing 1388:1403 The mechanical properties of the composite hydrogel were maintained, while its hardness and bioadhesion were reduced with higher GO concentration in the hydrogel, affirming the durable and easy removable properties of a wound dressing. 30758129 7 92 theme GO 1154:1155 arg1 GO 1154:1155 GO 1154:1155 GO 1154:1155 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 7 92 theme GO 1154:1155 arg1 amount 1144:1149 higher amount 1137:1149 higher amount of GO 1137:1155 Thus, highest swelling ratio was found in hydrogel with higher amount of GO (0.09 wt %). 30758129 11 93 dep © 1669:1669 arg1 Inc. 1695:1698 Inc. 1695:1698 Inc. 1695:1698 © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 31465804 1 0 theme Cr 355:356 arg1 removal 344:350 the removal 340:350 the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes 340:478 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 2 1 theme XRD 580:582 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 1 2 theme carbon 235:240 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 2 theme carbon 235:240 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 0 3 theme Cr 97:98 arg1 removal 86:92 the removal 82:92 the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions 82:162 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 7 4 dep removal 1468:1474 arg1 V 1465:1465 V 1465:1465 V 1465:1465 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 5 theme photocatalytic 1397:1410 arg1 method 1439:1444 an effective method 1426:1444 an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1426:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 5 theme photocatalytic 1397:1410 arg1 reduction 1412:1420 The photocatalytic reduction 1393:1420 The photocatalytic reduction 1393:1420 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 1 6 theme nanotubes/ferrite/titanium 242:267 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 6 theme nanotubes/ferrite/titanium 242:267 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 2 7 theme SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 511:526 arg1 properties 485:494 The properties 481:494 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers 481:537 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 3 8 theme adsorbent 647:655 arg1 type 657:660 adsorbent type 647:660 adsorbent type 647:660 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 2 9 theme FTIR 574:577 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 1 10 theme aqueous 404:410 arg1 solutions 412:420 aqueous solutions 404:420 aqueous solutions 404:420 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 3 11 theme initial 824:830 arg1 concentration 832:844 initial concentration 824:844 initial concentration of adsorbates 824:858 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 1 12 theme dioxide 269:275 arg1 nanofibers 308:317 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 2 13 theme synthesized 499:509 arg1 SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 511:526 synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 499:526 synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 499:526 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 3 14 theme Fe3O4 681:685 arg1 TiO2 694:697 TiO2 694:697 TiO2 694:697 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 14 theme Fe3O4 681:685 arg1 ratio 687:691 Fe3O4 ratio 681:691 Fe3O4 ratio 681:691 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 0 15 theme aqueous 146:152 arg1 solutions 154:162 aqueous solutions 146:162 aqueous solutions 146:162 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 6 16 theme metal 1381:1385 arg1 ions 1387:1390 metal ions 1381:1390 metal ions 1381:1390 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 7 17 theme blue 1530:1533 arg1 degradation 1505:1515 degradation 1505:1515 degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1505:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 17 theme blue 1530:1533 arg1 removal 1468:1474 removal 1468:1474 (V) removal at higher concentrations 1464:1499 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 18 theme effective 1429:1437 arg1 method 1439:1444 an effective method 1426:1444 an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1426:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 18 theme effective 1429:1437 arg1 reduction 1412:1420 The photocatalytic reduction 1393:1420 The photocatalytic reduction 1393:1420 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 6 19 theme Cr 1233:1234 arg1 removal 1222:1228 the removal 1218:1228 the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process 1218:1328 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 2 20 theme BET 593:595 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 3 21 theme red 907:909 arg1 adsorption 911:920 Congo red adsorption 901:920 Congo red adsorption 901:920 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 7 22 theme azo 1595:1597 arg1 dyes 1599:1602 azo dyes 1595:1602 azo dyes 1595:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 23 theme lower 1560:1564 arg1 concentrations 1577:1590 both lower and higher concentrations 1555:1590 both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1555:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 24 theme dyes 1599:1602 arg1 concentrations 1577:1590 both lower and higher concentrations 1555:1590 both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1555:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 3 25 theme adsorbates 849:858 arg1 time 814:817 contact time 806:817 contact time 806:817 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 25 theme adsorbates 849:858 arg1 concentration 832:844 initial concentration 824:844 initial concentration of adsorbates 824:858 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 25 theme adsorbates 849:858 arg1 pH 802:803 pH 802:803 pH 802:803 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 26 dep investigated 942:953 arg1 VI 870:871 VI 870:871 VI 870:871 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 27 from influence 634:642 arg1 Cr 867:868 the Cr 863:868 the Cr 863:868 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 2 28 theme TGA 585:587 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 5 29 dep investigated 1132:1143 arg1 VI 1082:1083 VI 1082:1083 VI 1082:1083 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red was also investigated using various nanofibrous catalysts. 31465804 6 30 dep Cr 1233:1234 arg1 VI 1236:1237 VI 1236:1237 VI 1236:1237 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 0 31 from solutions 154:162 arg1 Cr 97:98 Cr 97:98 Cr(VI) 97:102 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 0 31 from solutions 154:162 arg1 blue 122:125 blue 122:125 blue 122:125 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 0 32 dep Cr 97:98 arg1 VI 100:101 VI 100:101 VI 100:101 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 7 33 dep Cr 1454:1455 arg1 VI 1457:1458 VI 1457:1458 VI 1457:1458 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 0 34 theme acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 23:55 arg1 composite 57:65 cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite 13:65 cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite 13:65 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 3 35 theme SWCNT/Fe3O4 702:712 arg1 ratio 714:718 SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio 702:718 SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio 702:718 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 1 36 theme photocatalytic 445:458 arg1 processes 470:478 the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes 426:478 processes 470:478 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 6 37 theme ions 1387:1390 arg1 concentrations 1363:1376 the lower concentrations 1353:1376 the lower concentrations of metal ions 1353:1390 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 3 38 from As 875:876 arg1 mode 933:936 a batch mode 925:936 a batch mode 925:936 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 0 39 theme cellulose 13:21 arg1 composite 57:65 cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite 13:65 cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite 13:65 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 1 40 theme nanofibers 308:317 arg1 potential 169:177 The potential 165:177 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 165:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 4 41 theme adsorption-desorption 1017:1037 arg1 cycles 1039:1044 five adsorption-desorption cycles 1012:1044 five adsorption-desorption cycles 1012:1044 The reusability of nanofibers was also investigated for five adsorption-desorption cycles. 31465804 6 42 theme CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 1256:1283 arg1 nanofibrous 1285:1295 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent 1256:1305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent 1256:1305 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 1 43 dep Cr 355:356 arg1 V 366:366 V 366:366 V 366:366 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 43 dep Cr 355:356 arg1 VI 358:359 VI 358:359 VI 358:359 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 43 dep Cr 355:356 arg1 As 363:364 As 363:364 As 363:364 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 43 dep Cr 355:356 arg1 blue 380:383 blue 380:383 blue 380:383 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 43 dep Cr 355:356 arg1 red 395:397 red 395:397 red 395:397 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 2 44 theme fibers 532:537 arg1 properties 485:494 The properties 481:494 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers 481:537 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 3 45 theme adsorption 610:619 arg1 process 621:627 adsorption process 610:627 adsorption process 610:627 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 0 46 theme composite 57:65 arg1 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis 0:8 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite 0:65 Synthesis of cellulose acetate/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nanofibers for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions. 31465804 3 47 theme SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 724:739 arg1 concentration 741:753 SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration 724:753 SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration 724:753 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 6 48 theme adsorbent 1297:1305 arg1 nanofibrous 1285:1295 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent 1256:1305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent 1256:1305 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 1 49 theme reduction 460:468 arg1 processes 470:478 the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes 426:478 processes 470:478 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 7 50 theme higher 1479:1484 arg1 concentrations 1486:1499 higher concentrations 1479:1499 higher concentrations 1479:1499 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 2 51 theme SEM 569:571 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 6 52 theme As 1244:1245 arg1 removal 1222:1228 the removal 1218:1228 the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process 1218:1328 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 5 53 theme photocatalytic 1051:1064 arg1 reduction 1066:1074 The photocatalytic reduction 1047:1074 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr 1047:1080 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red was also investigated using various nanofibrous catalysts. 31465804 5 54 theme Cr 1079:1080 arg1 reduction 1066:1074 The photocatalytic reduction 1047:1074 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr 1047:1080 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red was also investigated using various nanofibrous catalysts. 31465804 6 55 theme obtained 1186:1193 arg1 results 1195:1201 The obtained results 1182:1201 The obtained results 1182:1201 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 4 56 theme nanofibers 975:984 arg1 reusability 960:970 The reusability 956:970 The reusability of nanofibers 956:984 The reusability of nanofibers was also investigated for five adsorption-desorption cycles. 31465804 3 57 theme batch 927:931 arg1 mode 933:936 a batch mode 925:936 a batch mode 925:936 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 2 58 theme TEM 564:566 arg1 analysis 597:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis 564:604 The properties of synthesized SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 and fibers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA and BET analysis. 31465804 7 59 theme higher 1570:1575 arg1 concentrations 1577:1590 both lower and higher concentrations 1555:1590 both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1555:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 6 60 theme lower 1357:1361 arg1 concentrations 1363:1376 the lower concentrations 1353:1376 the lower concentrations of metal ions 1353:1390 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 7 61 from concentrations 1486:1499 arg1 degradation 1505:1515 degradation 1505:1515 degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1505:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 61 from concentrations 1486:1499 arg1 removal 1468:1474 removal 1468:1474 (V) removal at higher concentrations 1464:1499 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 3 62 from mode 933:936 arg1 V 878:878 V 878:878 V 878:878 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 62 from mode 933:936 arg1 As 875:876 As 875:876 As 875:876 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 5 63 theme various 1151:1157 arg1 catalysts 1171:1179 various nanofibrous catalysts 1151:1179 various nanofibrous catalysts 1151:1179 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red was also investigated using various nanofibrous catalysts. 31465804 1 64 theme electrospun 182:192 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 64 theme electrospun 182:192 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 7 65 attach removal 1468:1474 arg2 blue 1530:1533 blue 1530:1533 blue 1530:1533 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 65 attach removal 1468:1474 arg3 concentrations 1486:1499 higher concentrations 1479:1499 higher concentrations 1479:1499 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 65 attach removal 1468:1474 arg2 red 1545:1547 red 1545:1547 red 1545:1547 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 5 66 theme nanofibrous 1159:1169 arg1 catalysts 1171:1179 various nanofibrous catalysts 1151:1179 various nanofibrous catalysts 1151:1179 The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red was also investigated using various nanofibrous catalysts. 31465804 1 67 theme cellulose 194:202 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 67 theme cellulose 194:202 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 7 68 theme red 1545:1547 arg1 degradation 1505:1515 degradation 1505:1515 degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes 1505:1602 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 7 68 theme red 1545:1547 arg1 removal 1468:1474 removal 1468:1474 (V) removal at higher concentrations 1464:1499 The photocatalytic reduction was an effective method for the Cr(VI), As(V) removal at higher concentrations and degradation of Methylene blue and Congo red under both lower and higher concentrations of azo dyes. 31465804 1 69 from solutions 412:420 arg1 red 395:397 red 395:397 red 395:397 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 3 70 theme contact 806:812 arg1 time 814:817 contact time 806:817 contact time 806:817 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 1 71 theme acetate/chitosan/single 204:226 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 71 theme acetate/chitosan/single 204:226 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 3 72 theme adsorption 770:779 arg1 time 814:817 contact time 806:817 contact time 806:817 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 72 theme adsorption 770:779 arg1 parameters 781:790 the adsorption parameters 766:790 SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates 672:858 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 72 theme adsorption 770:779 arg1 concentration 832:844 initial concentration 824:844 initial concentration of adsorbates 824:858 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 72 theme adsorption 770:779 arg1 pH 802:803 pH 802:803 pH 802:803 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 3 73 theme type 657:660 arg1 influence 634:642 the influence 630:642 the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr 630:868 In adsorption process, the influence of adsorbent type including SWCNT to Fe3O4 ratio, TiO2 to SWCNT/Fe3O4 ratio and SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 concentration as well as the adsorption parameters including pH, contact time, and initial concentration of adsorbates on the Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red adsorption in a batch mode was investigated. 31465804 6 74 theme adsorption 1311:1320 arg1 process 1322:1328 adsorption process 1311:1328 adsorption process 1311:1328 The obtained results indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) using CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 nanofibrous adsorbent via adsorption process could be preferred for the lower concentrations of metal ions. 31465804 1 75 theme walled 228:233 arg1 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2 278:305 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 31465804 1 75 theme walled 228:233 arg1 dioxide 269:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide 182:275 electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers 182:317 The potential of electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan/single walled carbon nanotubes/ferrite/titanium dioxide (CA/chitosan/SWCNT/Fe3O4/TiO2) nanofibers was investigated for the removal of Cr(VI), As(V), Methylene blue and Congo red from aqueous solutions via the adsorption and photocatalytic reduction processes. 30447358 0 0 theme neural 87:92 arg1 network 94:100 Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights 76:140 network 94:100 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 6 1 theme neural 839:844 arg1 model 860:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model 825:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance 825:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 10 2 theme bonds 1390:1394 arg1 formation 1343:1351 the formation 1339:1351 the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor 1339:1438 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 11 3 theme Van-der-Waals 1563:1575 arg1 interactions 1577:1588 Van-der-Waals interactions 1563:1588 Van-der-Waals interactions 1563:1588 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 2 4 theme composite 321:329 arg1 material 331:338 The composite material 317:338 The composite material 317:338 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 0 5 theme Artificial 76:85 arg1 network 94:100 Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights 76:140 network 94:100 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 6 6 theme artificial 828:837 arg1 model 860:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model 825:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance 825:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 10 7 theme dye 1408:1410 arg1 molecule 1412:1419 AO7 dye molecule 1404:1419 AO7 dye molecule 1404:1419 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 11 8 theme D-R 1483:1485 arg1 findings 1496:1503 the D-R isotherm findings 1479:1503 the D-R isotherm findings 1479:1503 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 7 9 theme adsorption 1025:1034 arg1 conditions 1011:1020 optimal conditions 1003:1020 optimal conditions of adsorption 1003:1034 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 10 10 theme CS-GA 1425:1429 arg1 receptor 1431:1438 CS-GA receptor 1425:1438 CS-GA receptor 1425:1438 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 6 11 theme factors 904:910 arg1 effects 893:899 the effects 889:899 the effects of factors on the adsorption performance 889:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 10 12 theme contacts 1368:1375 arg1 formation 1343:1351 the formation 1339:1351 the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor 1339:1438 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 11 13 theme docking 1451:1457 arg1 results 1459:1465 Molecular docking results 1441:1465 Molecular docking results 1441:1465 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 5 14 theme Dubinin-Radushkevich 644:663 arg1 isotherm 671:678 the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm 640:678 the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm 640:678 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 5 15 dep 16.59 737:741 arg1 to 734:735 to 734:735 to 734:735 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 10 16 theme Computational 1306:1318 arg1 outcomes 1320:1327 Computational outcomes 1306:1327 Computational outcomes 1306:1327 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 8 17 theme dye 1178:1180 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 17 theme dye 1178:1180 arg1 25.3 mg/L 1196:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 0 18 theme molecular 115:123 arg1 insights 133:140 molecular docking insights 115:140 molecular docking insights 115:140 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 7 19 theme optimal 1003:1009 arg1 conditions 1011:1020 optimal conditions 1003:1020 optimal conditions of adsorption 1003:1034 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 8 20 theme initial 1170:1176 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 20 theme initial 1170:1176 arg1 25.3 mg/L 1196:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 10 21 theme hydrogen 1381:1388 arg1 bonds 1390:1394 hydrogen bonds 1381:1394 hydrogen bonds 1381:1394 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 3 22 from solutions 540:548 arg1 removal 492:498 the removal 488:498 the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions 488:548 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 1 23 theme new 163:165 arg1 magnetic-adsorbent 177:194 a new composite magnetic-adsorbent 161:194 a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) 161:314 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 8 24 theme % 1080:1080 arg1 efficiency 1061:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency 1037:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% 1037:1080 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 2 25 dep analysis 414:421 arg1 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 SEM 424:426 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 2 25 dep analysis 414:421 arg1 VSM 443:445 VSM 443:445 VSM 443:445 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 2 25 dep analysis 414:421 arg1 FTIR 434:437 FTIR 434:437 FTIR 434:437 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 2 25 dep analysis 414:421 arg1 EDX 429:431 EDX 429:431 EDX 429:431 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 7 26 theme genetic 976:982 arg1 algorithm 984:992 a genetic algorithm 974:992 a genetic algorithm 974:992 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 0 27 dep network 94:100 arg1 adsorbent 24:32 adsorbent 24:32 adsorbent 24:32 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 0 27 dep network 94:100 arg1 modeling 102:109 modeling 102:109 modeling 102:109 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 1 28 theme composite 167:175 arg1 magnetic-adsorbent 177:194 a new composite magnetic-adsorbent 161:194 a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) 161:314 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 8 29 theme removal 1053:1059 arg1 efficiency 1061:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency 1037:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% 1037:1080 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 10 30 theme AO7 1404:1406 arg1 molecule 1412:1419 AO7 dye molecule 1404:1419 AO7 dye molecule 1404:1419 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 8 31 theme color 1047:1051 arg1 efficiency 1061:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency 1037:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% 1037:1080 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 7 32 with coupling 947:954 arg1 algorithm 984:992 a genetic algorithm 974:992 a genetic algorithm 974:992 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 9 33 theme interaction 1240:1250 arg1 mechanism 1252:1260 interaction mechanism 1240:1260 interaction mechanism 1240:1260 To unveil interaction mechanism, we employed molecular docking simulations. 30447358 8 34 theme dosage 1153:1158 arg1 3.88 g/L 1160:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 34 theme dosage 1153:1158 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 9 35 theme docking 1285:1291 arg1 simulations 1293:1303 molecular docking simulations 1275:1303 molecular docking simulations 1275:1303 To unveil interaction mechanism, we employed molecular docking simulations. 30447358 8 36 dep conditions 1124:1133 arg1 3.88 g/L 1160:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 36 dep conditions 1124:1133 arg1 204 min 1220:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 36 dep conditions 1124:1133 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 36 dep conditions 1124:1133 arg1 25.3 mg/L 1196:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 4 37 theme thermodynamics 597:610 arg1 Aspects 551:557 Aspects 551:557 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics 551:610 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were detailed. 30447358 8 38 theme optimal 1116:1122 arg1 conditions 1124:1133 optimal conditions 1116:1133 optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min) 1116:1227 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 1 39 theme chitosan 264:271 arg1 matrix 254:259 a matrix 252:259 a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) 252:314 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 3 40 theme Acid 503:506 arg1 dye 523:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 2 41 theme physical-chemical 396:412 arg1 analysis 414:421 physical-chemical analysis 396:421 physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM) 396:446 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 2 42 theme analysis 414:421 arg1 methods 385:391 instrumental methods 372:391 instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM) 372:446 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 0 43 theme docking 125:131 arg1 insights 133:140 molecular docking insights 115:140 molecular docking insights 115:140 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 3 44 theme Orange 508:513 arg1 dye 523:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 1 45 theme doped 204:208 arg1 % 228:228 15% 226:228 15% 226:228 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 1 45 theme doped 204:208 arg1 ferrite 217:223 doped spinel ferrite 204:223 doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) 204:314 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 5 46 theme adsorption 705:714 arg1 energy 695:700 the mean free energy 681:700 the mean free energy of adsorption 681:714 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 7 47 theme model 963:967 arg1 coupling 947:954 The coupling 943:954 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm 943:992 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 11 48 theme Molecular 1441:1449 arg1 results 1459:1465 Molecular docking results 1441:1465 Molecular docking results 1441:1465 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 3 49 theme dye 523:525 arg1 removal 492:498 the removal 488:498 the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions 488:548 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 1 50 theme spinel 210:215 arg1 % 228:228 15% 226:228 15% 226:228 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 1 50 theme spinel 210:215 arg1 ferrite 217:223 doped spinel ferrite 204:223 doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) 204:314 Herein, we report a new composite magnetic-adsorbent made of doped spinel ferrite (15%) dispersed throughout a matrix of chitosan (CS) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). 30447358 5 51 theme dominating 777:786 arg1 phenomena 788:796 ion-exchange dominating phenomena 764:796 ion-exchange dominating phenomena 764:796 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 5 52 theme D-R 666:668 arg1 isotherm 671:678 the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm 640:678 the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm 640:678 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 5 53 theme ion-exchange 764:775 arg1 phenomena 788:796 ion-exchange dominating phenomena 764:796 ion-exchange dominating phenomena 764:796 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 2 54 theme instrumental 372:383 arg1 methods 385:391 instrumental methods 372:391 instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM) 372:446 The composite material was well characterized by using instrumental methods of physical-chemical analysis (SEM, EDX, FTIR and VSM). 30447358 0 55 theme anionic 63:69 arg1 dye 71:73 water-soluble anionic dye 49:73 water-soluble anionic dye 49:73 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 9 56 theme molecular 1275:1283 arg1 simulations 1293:1303 molecular docking simulations 1275:1303 molecular docking simulations 1275:1303 To unveil interaction mechanism, we employed molecular docking simulations. 30447358 5 57 theme free 690:693 arg1 energy 695:700 the mean free energy 681:700 the mean free energy of adsorption 681:714 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 3 58 theme AO7 518:520 arg1 dye 523:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye 503:525 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 8 59 theme contact 1207:1213 arg1 204 min 1220:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 59 theme contact 1207:1213 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 0 60 theme water-soluble 49:61 arg1 dye 71:73 water-soluble anionic dye 49:73 water-soluble anionic dye 49:73 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 6 61 theme ANN 855:857 arg1 model 860:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model 825:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance 825:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 7 62 theme ANN 959:961 arg1 model 963:967 ANN model 959:967 ANN model 959:967 The coupling of ANN model with a genetic algorithm provided optimal conditions of adsorption. 30447358 6 63 from effects 893:899 arg1 performance 930:940 the adsorption performance 915:940 the adsorption performance 915:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 11 64 theme electrostatic 1524:1536 arg1 forces 1538:1543 electrostatic forces 1524:1543 electrostatic forces 1524:1543 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 10 65 theme hydrophobic 1356:1366 arg1 contacts 1368:1375 hydrophobic contacts 1356:1375 hydrophobic contacts 1356:1375 Computational outcomes suggested the formation of hydrophobic contacts and hydrogen bonds between AO7 dye molecule and CS-GA receptor. 30447358 11 66 theme isotherm 1487:1494 arg1 findings 1496:1503 the D-R isotherm findings 1479:1503 the D-R isotherm findings 1479:1503 Molecular docking results agreed with the D-R isotherm findings, highlighting that electrostatic forces were greater than Van-der-Waals interactions. 30447358 8 67 theme concentration 1182:1194 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 67 theme concentration 1182:1194 arg1 25.3 mg/L 1196:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L 1170:1204 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 68 theme sorbent 1145:1151 arg1 3.88 g/L 1160:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L 1145:1167 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 68 theme sorbent 1145:1151 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 69 theme time 1215:1218 arg1 204 min 1220:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 contact time 204 min 1207:1226 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 69 theme time 1215:1218 arg1 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 pH 2.51 1136:1142 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 8 70 theme maximal 1039:1045 arg1 efficiency 1061:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency 1037:1070 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% 1037:1080 A maximal color removal efficiency of 98.01% was observed experimentally under optimal conditions (pH 2.51, sorbent dosage 3.88 g/L, initial dye concentration 25.3 mg/L, contact time 204 min). 30447358 5 71 theme mean 685:688 arg1 energy 695:700 the mean free energy 681:700 the mean free energy of adsorption 681:714 According to the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm, the mean free energy of adsorption ranged from 14.37 to 16.59 (kJ/mol), suggesting ion-exchange dominating phenomena. 30447358 4 72 theme kinetics 573:580 arg1 Aspects 551:557 Aspects 551:557 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics 551:610 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were detailed. 30447358 3 73 theme aqueous 532:538 arg1 solutions 540:548 aqueous solutions 532:548 aqueous solutions 532:548 The produced adsorbent was applied for the removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye from aqueous solutions. 30447358 4 74 theme adsorption 562:571 arg1 kinetics 573:580 adsorption kinetics 562:580 adsorption kinetics 562:580 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were detailed. 30447358 4 75 theme isotherms 583:591 arg1 Aspects 551:557 Aspects 551:557 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics 551:610 Aspects of adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were detailed. 30447358 6 76 theme adsorption 919:928 arg1 performance 930:940 the adsorption performance 915:940 the adsorption performance 915:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 30447358 0 77 theme dye 71:73 arg1 removal 38:44 removal 38:44 removal of water-soluble anionic dye 38:73 Chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent for removal of water-soluble anionic dye: Artificial neural network modeling and molecular docking insights. 30447358 6 78 theme network 846:852 arg1 model 860:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model 825:864 an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance 825:940 In addition, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to explore extensively the effects of factors on the adsorption performance. 29723205 6 0 theme significant 1090:1100 arg1 increase 1102:1109 a significant increase 1088:1109 a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT 1088:1165 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 0 1 contain have 46:49 arg2 properties 69:78 immune-modulatory properties 51:78 immune-modulatory properties 51:78 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 0 1 contain have 46:49 arg1 oligosaccharides 29:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 3 2 theme Male 590:593 arg1 mice 603:606 Male C57BL/6 mice 590:606 Male C57BL/6 mice 590:606 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 4 3 theme Body 768:771 arg1 weight 773:778 Body weight 768:778 Body weight 768:778 Body weight and composition were measured throughout the study. 29723205 6 4 theme MOS 1060:1062 arg1 supplementation 1064:1078 MOS supplementation 1060:1078 MOS supplementation 1060:1078 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 9 5 theme extra-intestinal 1625:1640 arg1 properties 1660:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 0 6 theme glucose 133:139 arg1 intolerance 141:151 glucose intolerance 133:151 glucose intolerance 133:151 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 1 7 theme outer 218:222 arg1 wall 229:232 the outer cell wall 214:232 the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 214:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 9 8 theme modulatory 1649:1658 arg1 properties 1660:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 2 9 from inflammation 514:525 arg1 mice 584:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 6 10 theme eosinophils 1147:1157 arg1 abundance 1118:1126 the abundance 1114:1126 the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT 1114:1165 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 3 11 theme fat 630:632 arg1 LFD 640:642 LFD 640:642 LFD 640:642 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 11 theme fat 630:632 arg1 diet 634:637 a low fat diet 624:637 a low fat diet (LFD) 624:643 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 6 12 theme macrophages 1131:1141 arg1 abundance 1118:1126 the abundance 1114:1126 the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT 1114:1165 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 3 13 theme lard 721:724 arg1 fat 726:728 lard fat 721:728 lard fat 721:728 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 5 14 theme mesenteric 963:972 arg1 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 5 14 theme mesenteric 963:972 arg1 tissue 988:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue 963:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) 963:1000 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 3 15 theme 1 747:747 arg1 % 748:748 % 748:748 % 748:748 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 5 16 theme adipose 980:986 arg1 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 5 16 theme adipose 980:986 arg1 tissue 988:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue 963:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) 963:1000 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 5 17 theme intervention 850:861 arg1 weeks 841:845 12 weeks 838:845 12 weeks of intervention 838:861 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 8 18 theme MOS 1406:1408 arg1 supplementation 1410:1424 MOS supplementation 1406:1424 MOS supplementation 1406:1424 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 8 19 theme HFD 1230:1232 arg1 feeding 1234:1240 HFD feeding 1230:1240 HFD feeding 1230:1240 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 10 20 theme glucose 1780:1786 arg1 intolerance 1788:1798 HFD-induced glucose intolerance 1768:1798 HFD-induced glucose intolerance 1768:1798 However these effects were not substantial enough to significantly ameliorate HFD-induced glucose intolerance or inflammation. 29723205 1 21 theme mannan 171:176 arg1 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 1 21 theme mannan 171:176 arg1 oligosaccharides 178:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides 154:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 154:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 6 22 from increase 1102:1109 arg1 abundance 1118:1126 the abundance 1114:1126 the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT 1114:1165 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 3 23 dep fed 613:615 arg1 % 692:692 10% 690:692 10% 690:692 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 23 dep fed 613:615 arg1 % 699:699 45% 697:699 45% 697:699 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 2 24 theme diet-induced 565:576 arg1 mice 584:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 8 25 theme classical 1252:1260 arg1 shift 1262:1266 a classical shift 1250:1266 a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1250:1362 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 0 26 theme fat 104:106 arg1 obesity 121:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 7 27 located observed 1188:1195 arg1 macrophages 1208:1218 hepatic macrophages 1200:1218 hepatic macrophages 1200:1218 A similar trend was observed in hepatic macrophages. 29723205 7 27 located observed 1188:1195 arg2 trend 1178:1182 A similar trend 1168:1182 A similar trend 1168:1182 A similar trend was observed in hepatic macrophages. 29723205 2 28 theme lean 556:559 arg1 mice 584:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 8 29 from mice 1400:1403 arg1 liver 1381:1385 liver 1381:1385 liver 1381:1385 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 8 29 from mice 1400:1403 arg1 mWAT 1372:1375 mWAT 1372:1375 mWAT 1372:1375 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 5 30 theme flow 1015:1018 arg1 cytometry 1020:1028 flow cytometry 1015:1028 flow cytometry 1015:1028 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 9 31 theme MOS 1489:1491 arg1 supplementation 1493:1507 MOS supplementation 1489:1507 MOS supplementation 1489:1507 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 2 32 theme dietary 478:484 arg1 supplementation 486:500 dietary supplementation 478:500 dietary supplementation with MOS 478:509 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 8 33 theme immune 1463:1468 arg1 response 1470:1477 this obesity-driven immune response 1443:1477 this obesity-driven immune response 1443:1477 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 8 34 theme anti-inflammatory 1277:1293 arg1 macrophages 1303:1313 the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages 1273:1313 the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages 1273:1313 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 2 35 theme metabolic 418:426 arg1 dysfunctions 428:439 obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 399:439 obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 399:439 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 0 36 theme Dietary 0:6 arg1 oligosaccharides 29:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 5 37 theme whole-body 864:873 arg1 tolerance 883:891 whole-body glucose tolerance 864:891 whole-body glucose tolerance 864:891 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 9 38 from homeostasis 1544:1554 arg1 mice.Altogether 1579:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 9 39 contain had 1621:1623 arg2 properties 1660:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 9 39 contain had 1621:1623 arg1 MOS 1617:1619 MOS 1617:1619 MOS 1617:1619 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 0 40 theme mannan 22:27 arg1 oligosaccharides 29:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 3 41 theme fat 655:657 arg1 HFD 665:667 HFD 665:667 HFD 665:667 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 41 theme fat 655:657 arg1 diet 659:662 a high fat diet 648:662 a high fat diet (HFD) 648:668 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 9 42 theme glucose 1536:1542 arg1 homeostasis 1544:1554 whole-body glucose homeostasis 1525:1554 whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1525:1593 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 7 43 theme hepatic 1200:1206 arg1 macrophages 1208:1218 hepatic macrophages 1200:1218 hepatic macrophages 1200:1218 A similar trend was observed in hepatic macrophages. 29723205 1 44 attach derived 201:207 arg2 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 1 44 attach derived 201:207 arg2 oligosaccharides 178:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides 154:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 154:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 1 44 attach derived 201:207 arg1 wall 229:232 the outer cell wall 214:232 the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 214:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 8 45 theme M1-like 1344:1350 arg1 macrophages 1352:1362 the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1323:1362 the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1323:1362 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 3 46 attach derived 708:714 arg1 fat 726:728 lard fat 721:728 lard fat 721:728 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 46 attach derived 708:714 arg2 % 692:692 10% 690:692 10% 690:692 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 2 47 theme underlying 346:355 arg1 mechanisms 357:366 the underlying mechanisms 342:366 the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 342:439 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 9 48 theme lean 1564:1567 arg1 mice.Altogether 1579:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 1 49 theme Saccharomyces 243:255 arg1 cerevisiae 257:266 yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 237:266 yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 237:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 9 50 theme obese 1573:1577 arg1 mice.Altogether 1579:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1559:1593 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 0 51 link yeast-derived 8:20 arg1 oligosaccharides 29:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 3 52 theme C57BL/6 595:601 arg1 mice 603:606 Male C57BL/6 mice 590:606 Male C57BL/6 mice 590:606 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 9 53 theme immune 1642:1647 arg1 properties 1660:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties 1625:1669 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 6 54 theme LFD-fed 1046:1052 arg1 mice 1054:1057 LFD-fed mice 1046:1057 LFD-fed mice 1046:1057 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 8 55 contain had 1426:1428 arg2 effect 1433:1438 no effect 1430:1438 no effect 1430:1438 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 8 55 contain had 1426:1428 arg1 supplementation 1410:1424 MOS supplementation 1406:1424 MOS supplementation 1406:1424 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 2 56 theme mechanisms 357:366 arg1 mechanisms 357:366 the underlying mechanisms 342:366 the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 342:439 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 2 56 theme mechanisms 357:366 arg1 one 335:337 one 335:337 one 335:337 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 3 57 theme low 626:628 arg1 LFD 640:642 LFD 640:642 LFD 640:642 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 57 theme low 626:628 arg1 diet 634:637 a low fat diet 624:637 a low fat diet (LFD) 624:643 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 1 58 theme cell 224:227 arg1 wall 229:232 the outer cell wall 214:232 the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 214:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 2 59 theme obese 578:582 arg1 mice 584:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 8 60 theme control 1392:1398 arg1 mice 1400:1403 control mice 1392:1403 control mice 1392:1403 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 5 61 theme white 974:978 arg1 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 mWAT 996:999 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 5 61 theme white 974:978 arg1 tissue 988:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue 963:993 mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) 963:1000 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 10 62 dep substantial 1721:1731 arg1 ameliorate 1757:1766 ameliorate 1757:1766 to significantly ameliorate HFD-induced glucose intolerance or inflammation 1740:1814 However these effects were not substantial enough to significantly ameliorate HFD-induced glucose intolerance or inflammation. 29723205 3 63 theme % 748:748 arg1 MOS 750:752 1% MOS 747:752 1% MOS for 17 weeks 747:765 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 2 64 with supplementation 486:500 arg1 MOS 507:509 MOS 507:509 MOS 507:509 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 1 65 theme indigestible 158:169 arg1 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 MOS 196:198 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 1 65 theme indigestible 158:169 arg1 oligosaccharides 178:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides 154:193 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 154:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 2 66 theme metabolic 531:539 arg1 homeostasis 541:551 metabolic homeostasis 531:551 metabolic homeostasis 531:551 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 2 67 from effect 468:473 arg1 inflammation 514:525 inflammation 514:525 inflammation 514:525 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 2 67 from effect 468:473 arg1 homeostasis 541:551 metabolic homeostasis 531:551 metabolic homeostasis 531:551 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 0 68 theme high 99:102 arg1 obesity 121:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 6 69 from abundance 1118:1126 arg1 mWAT 1162:1165 mWAT 1162:1165 mWAT 1162:1165 In LFD-fed mice, MOS supplementation induced a significant increase in the abundance of macrophages and eosinophils in mWAT. 29723205 0 70 theme diet-induced 108:119 arg1 obesity 121:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 high fat diet-induced obesity 99:127 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 8 71 theme obesity-driven 1448:1461 arg1 response 1470:1477 this obesity-driven immune response 1443:1477 this obesity-driven immune response 1443:1477 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 2 72 theme dysfunctions 428:439 arg1 development 384:394 the development 380:394 the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 380:439 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 0 73 theme yeast-derived 8:20 arg1 oligosaccharides 29:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides 0:44 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 2 74 theme obesity-associated 399:416 arg1 dysfunctions 428:439 obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 399:439 obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions 399:439 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 5 75 theme glucose 875:881 arg1 tolerance 883:891 whole-body glucose tolerance 864:891 whole-body glucose tolerance 864:891 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 10 76 theme HFD-induced 1768:1778 arg1 intolerance 1788:1798 HFD-induced glucose intolerance 1768:1798 HFD-induced glucose intolerance 1768:1798 However these effects were not substantial enough to significantly ameliorate HFD-induced glucose intolerance or inflammation. 29723205 3 77 theme high 650:653 arg1 HFD 665:667 HFD 665:667 HFD 665:667 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 3 77 theme high 650:653 arg1 diet 659:662 a high fat diet 648:662 a high fat diet (HFD) 648:668 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 8 78 theme M2-like 1295:1301 arg1 macrophages 1303:1313 the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages 1273:1313 the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages 1273:1313 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 0 79 theme immune-modulatory 51:67 arg1 properties 69:78 immune-modulatory properties 51:78 immune-modulatory properties 51:78 Dietary yeast-derived mannan oligosaccharides have immune-modulatory properties but do not improve high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. 29723205 9 80 theme whole-body 1525:1534 arg1 homeostasis 1544:1554 whole-body glucose homeostasis 1525:1554 whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether 1525:1593 Finally, MOS supplementation did not improve whole-body glucose homeostasis in both lean and obese mice.Altogether, our data showed that MOS had extra-intestinal immune modulatory properties in mWAT and liver. 29723205 3 81 dep % 692:692 arg1 energy 701:706 energy 701:706 energy 701:706 Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat diet (LFD) or a high fat diet (HFD) with, respectively, 10% or 45% energy derived from lard fat, with or without 1% MOS for 17 weeks. 29723205 2 82 theme supplementation 486:500 arg1 effect 468:473 the effect 464:473 the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice 464:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 8 83 theme pro-inflammatory 1327:1342 arg1 macrophages 1352:1362 the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1323:1362 the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1323:1362 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 2 84 from homeostasis 541:551 arg1 mice 584:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 lean and diet-induced obese mice 556:587 Since inflammation is one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions, we aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with MOS on inflammation and metabolic homeostasis in lean and diet-induced obese mice. 29723205 5 85 theme cell 928:931 arg1 composition 933:943 immune cell composition 921:943 immune cell composition 921:943 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 7 86 theme similar 1170:1176 arg1 trend 1178:1182 A similar trend 1168:1182 A similar trend 1168:1182 A similar trend was observed in hepatic macrophages. 29723205 1 87 theme yeast 237:241 arg1 cerevisiae 257:266 yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 237:266 yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 237:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 29723205 5 88 theme immune 921:926 arg1 composition 933:943 immune cell composition 921:943 immune cell composition 921:943 After 12 weeks of intervention, whole-body glucose tolerance was assessed and in week 17 immune cell composition was determined in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and liver by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. 29723205 8 89 from macrophages 1303:1313 arg1 shift 1262:1266 a classical shift 1250:1266 a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages 1250:1362 Although HFD feeding induced a classical shift from the anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in both mWAT and liver from control mice, MOS supplementation had no effect on this obesity-driven immune response. 29723205 1 90 theme cerevisiae 257:266 arg1 wall 229:232 the outer cell wall 214:232 the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 214:266 The indigestible mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) derived from the outer cell wall of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown potential to reduce inflammation. 31189652 11 0 theme common 1603:1608 arg1 mechanisms 1627:1636 common particle-opening mechanisms 1603:1636 common particle-opening mechanisms 1603:1636 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 3 1 from bacteriophage 464:476 arg1 ejection 448:455 time-resolved DNA ejection 430:455 time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 430:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 2 theme myovirus 543:550 arg1 Det7 552:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 2 theme myovirus 543:550 arg1 tail 497:500 a contractile tail 483:500 a contractile tail 483:500 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 0 3 theme contractile 85:95 arg1 tail 97:100 a contractile tail 83:100 a contractile tail 83:100 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 4 4 theme DNA 558:560 arg1 release 562:568 DNA release 558:568 DNA release from Det7 558:578 DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. 31189652 8 5 theme Salmonella 1082:1091 arg1 O-antigen 1100:1108 the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen 1078:1108 the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP 1078:1141 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 8 6 theme Å 1034:1034 arg1 resolution 1036:1045 1.63 Å resolution 1029:1045 1.63 Å resolution 1029:1045 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 2 7 theme Gram-negative 381:393 arg1 hosts 395:399 Gram-negative hosts 381:399 Gram-negative hosts 381:399 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 7 8 theme P22-like 914:921 arg1 TSP 923:925 A P22-like TSP 912:925 A P22-like TSP 912:925 A P22-like TSP confers specificity for the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen. 31189652 10 9 theme irreversible 1444:1455 arg1 adsorption 1457:1466 no irreversible adsorption 1441:1466 no irreversible adsorption 1441:1466 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 11 10 dep podoviruses 1554:1564 arg1 contrast 1518:1525 contrast 1518:1525 contrast 1518:1525 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 9 11 theme particle 1221:1228 arg1 opening 1230:1236 particle opening 1221:1236 particle opening 1221:1236 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 9 11 theme particle 1221:1228 arg1 process 1248:1254 a process 1246:1254 a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP 1246:1315 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 8 12 theme structure 1007:1015 arg1 analysis 1017:1024 crystal structure analysis 999:1024 crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution 999:1045 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 0 13 from bacteriophage 64:76 arg1 release 18:24 Time-resolved DNA release 0:24 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 0:101 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 5 14 theme individual 721:730 arg1 steps 740:744 two individual kinetic steps 717:744 two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening 717:786 Det7 showed two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening. 31189652 7 15 dep Salmonella 955:964 arg1 Typhimurium 966:976 Typhimurium 966:976 Typhimurium 966:976 A P22-like TSP confers specificity for the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen. 31189652 2 16 from data 235:238 arg1 opening 261:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 4 17 theme O-antigen 622:630 arg1 receptors 632:640 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors 597:640 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors 597:640 DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. 31189652 8 18 theme ϵ15-like 1117:1124 arg1 DettilonTSP 1131:1141 DettilonTSP 1131:1141 DettilonTSP 1131:1141 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 8 18 theme ϵ15-like 1117:1124 arg1 TSP 1126:1128 an ϵ15-like TSP 1114:1128 an ϵ15-like TSP 1114:1128 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 9 19 theme similar 1198:1204 arg1 velocities 1206:1215 similar velocities 1198:1215 similar velocities 1198:1215 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 10 20 theme permissive 1330:1339 arg1 temperatures 1341:1352 permissive temperatures 1330:1352 permissive temperatures 1330:1352 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 8 21 dep Salmonella 1082:1091 arg1 Anatum 1093:1098 Anatum 1093:1098 Anatum 1093:1098 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 3 22 theme time-resolved 430:442 arg1 ejection 448:455 time-resolved DNA ejection 430:455 time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 430:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 10 23 theme low 1480:1482 arg1 temperatures 1484:1495 low temperatures 1480:1495 low temperatures 1480:1495 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 0 24 theme Time-resolved 0:12 arg1 release 18:24 Time-resolved DNA release 0:24 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 0:101 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 9 25 theme DNA 1144:1146 arg1 ejection 1148:1155 DNA ejection 1144:1155 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host 1144:1189 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 0 26 theme DNA 14:16 arg1 release 18:24 Time-resolved DNA release 0:24 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 0:101 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 4 27 theme lipopolysaccharide 597:614 arg1 receptors 632:640 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors 597:640 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors 597:640 DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. 31189652 9 28 theme independent 1256:1266 arg1 opening 1230:1236 particle opening 1221:1236 particle opening 1221:1236 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 9 28 theme independent 1256:1266 arg1 process 1248:1254 a process 1246:1254 a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP 1246:1315 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 2 29 theme bacteriophage-based 319:337 arg1 strategies 353:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies 319:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts 319:399 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 11 30 theme infection 1674:1682 arg1 niches 1684:1689 different infection niches 1664:1689 different infection niches 1664:1689 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 1 31 theme DNA 192:194 arg1 release 196:202 DNA release 192:202 DNA release 192:202 Myoviruses, bacteriophages with T4-like architecture, must contract their tails prior to DNA release. 31189652 1 32 with bacteriophages 115:128 arg1 architecture 143:154 T4-like architecture 135:154 T4-like architecture 135:154 Myoviruses, bacteriophages with T4-like architecture, must contract their tails prior to DNA release. 31189652 11 33 theme particle-opening 1610:1625 arg1 mechanisms 1627:1636 common particle-opening mechanisms 1603:1636 common particle-opening mechanisms 1603:1636 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 5 34 theme tail 750:753 arg1 contraction 755:765 tail contraction 750:765 tail contraction 750:765 Det7 showed two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening. 31189652 6 35 attach attach 884:889 arg1 LPS 907:909 LPS 907:909 LPS 907:909 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 6 35 attach attach 884:889 arg2 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 6 35 attach attach 884:889 arg2 proteins 851:858 tailspike proteins 841:858 highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) 822:865 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 9 36 theme TSP 1313:1315 arg1 independent 1256:1266 independent 1256:1266 independent 1256:1266 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 11 37 theme tailed 1585:1590 arg1 phages 1592:1597 tailed phages 1585:1597 tailed phages 1585:1597 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 6 38 theme tailspike 841:849 arg1 proteins 851:858 tailspike proteins 841:858 highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) 822:865 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 6 38 theme tailspike 841:849 arg1 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 6 39 theme specialized 829:839 arg1 proteins 851:858 tailspike proteins 841:858 highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) 822:865 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 6 39 theme specialized 829:839 arg1 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 TSPs 861:864 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 10 40 theme O-antigen 1367:1375 arg1 cleavage 1377:1384 O-antigen cleavage 1367:1384 O-antigen cleavage 1367:1384 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 3 41 theme contractile 485:495 arg1 Det7 552:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 41 theme contractile 485:495 arg1 tail 497:500 a contractile tail 483:500 a contractile tail 483:500 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 42 theme first 410:414 arg1 time 416:419 the first time 406:419 the first time 406:419 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 11 43 theme different 1664:1672 arg1 niches 1684:1689 different infection niches 1664:1689 different infection niches 1664:1689 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 9 44 theme composition 1281:1291 arg1 independent 1256:1266 independent 1256:1266 independent 1256:1266 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 2 45 theme promising 300:308 arg1 they 291:294 they 291:294 they 291:294 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 2 45 theme promising 300:308 arg1 tools 310:314 promising tools 300:314 promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts 300:399 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 0 46 theme O-antigen-specific 34:51 arg1 bacteriophage 64:76 an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage 31:76 an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail 31:100 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 1 47 theme T4-like 135:141 arg1 architecture 143:154 T4-like architecture 135:154 T4-like architecture 135:154 Myoviruses, bacteriophages with T4-like architecture, must contract their tails prior to DNA release. 31189652 5 48 theme particle 771:778 arg1 opening 780:786 particle opening 771:786 particle opening 771:786 Det7 showed two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening. 31189652 2 49 theme myovirus 243:250 arg1 opening 261:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 8 50 theme crystal 999:1005 arg1 analysis 1017:1024 crystal structure analysis 999:1024 crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution 999:1045 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 3 51 theme DNA 444:446 arg1 ejection 448:455 time-resolved DNA ejection 430:455 time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 430:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 4 52 from Det7 575:578 arg1 release 562:568 DNA release 558:568 DNA release from Det7 558:578 DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. 31189652 10 53 theme surface 1402:1408 arg1 binding 1410:1416 cell surface binding 1397:1416 cell surface binding 1397:1416 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 6 54 theme in 793:794 arg1 studies 802:808 Our in vitro studies 789:808 Our in vitro studies 789:808 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 5 55 theme kinetic 732:738 arg1 steps 740:744 two individual kinetic steps 717:744 two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening 717:786 Det7 showed two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening. 31189652 9 56 theme recognizing 1301:1311 arg1 TSP 1313:1315 the recognizing TSP 1297:1315 the recognizing TSP 1297:1315 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 10 57 theme cell 1397:1400 arg1 binding 1410:1416 cell surface binding 1397:1416 cell surface binding 1397:1416 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 3 58 theme multi-O-antigen-specific 507:530 arg1 Det7 552:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 58 theme multi-O-antigen-specific 507:530 arg1 tail 497:500 a contractile tail 483:500 a contractile tail 483:500 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 0 59 theme Salmonella 53:62 arg1 bacteriophage 64:76 an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage 31:76 an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail 31:100 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 2 60 theme quantitative 214:225 arg1 data 235:238 quantitative kinetic data 214:238 quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening 214:267 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 2 61 theme kinetic 227:233 arg1 data 235:238 quantitative kinetic data 214:238 quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening 214:267 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 11 62 theme Salmonella 1543:1552 arg1 podoviruses 1554:1564 short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses 1530:1564 short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses 1530:1564 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 3 63 theme Salmonella 532:541 arg1 Det7 552:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 63 theme Salmonella 532:541 arg1 tail 497:500 a contractile tail 483:500 a contractile tail 483:500 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 7 64 theme Salmonella 955:964 arg1 O-antigen 978:986 the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen 951:986 the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen 951:986 A P22-like TSP confers specificity for the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen. 31189652 9 65 theme O-antigen 1271:1279 arg1 composition 1281:1291 O-antigen composition 1271:1291 O-antigen composition 1271:1291 DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. 31189652 8 66 from resolution 1036:1045 arg1 analysis 1017:1024 crystal structure analysis 999:1024 crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution 999:1045 Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. 31189652 3 67 with bacteriophage 464:476 arg1 Det7 552:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7 503:555 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 3 67 with bacteriophage 464:476 arg1 tail 497:500 a contractile tail 483:500 a contractile tail 483:500 For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. 31189652 0 68 with bacteriophage 64:76 arg1 tail 97:100 a contractile tail 83:100 a contractile tail 83:100 Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. 31189652 2 69 theme antimicrobial 339:351 arg1 strategies 353:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies 319:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts 319:399 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 11 70 theme short-tailed 1530:1541 arg1 podoviruses 1554:1564 short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses 1530:1564 short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses 1530:1564 This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches. 31189652 10 71 theme DNA 1423:1425 arg1 ejection 1427:1434 DNA ejection 1423:1434 DNA ejection 1423:1434 In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. 31189652 4 72 theme noncontractile-tailed 669:689 arg1 siphoviruses 691:702 noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses 669:702 noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses 669:702 DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. 31189652 6 73 dep in 793:794 arg1 vitro 796:800 vitro 796:800 vitro 796:800 Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. 31189652 2 74 theme particle 252:259 arg1 opening 261:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 myovirus particle opening 243:267 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31189652 2 75 from tools 310:314 arg1 strategies 353:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies 319:362 bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts 319:399 However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. 31353720 5 0 theme nuts 1089:1092 arg1 worldwide 1094:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 1 1 theme recognized 154:163 arg1 benefits 172:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 4 2 theme Amêndoa 1013:1019 arg1 Douro 1021:1025 Amêndoa Douro 1013:1025 the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro 976:1025 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 1 3 theme fatty 252:256 arg1 acids 258:262 fatty acids 252:262 fatty acids 252:262 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 4 4 theme statistical 881:891 arg1 tool 893:896 statistical tool 881:896 statistical tool 881:896 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 2 5 from activities 433:442 arg1 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 5 from activities 433:442 arg1 cultivars 475:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars 447:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 447:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 5 from activities 433:442 arg1 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 5 from activities 433:442 arg1 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 5 from activities 433:442 arg1 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 4 6 theme data 823:826 arg1 analysis 807:814 A multivariate analysis 792:814 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 792:1027 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 1 7 theme health 165:170 arg1 benefits 172:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 6 8 theme widespread 1333:1342 arg1 ones 1355:1358 two widespread commercial ones 1329:1358 two widespread commercial ones 1329:1358 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 2 9 dep cultivars 603:611 arg1 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 9 dep cultivars 603:611 arg1 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 9 dep cultivars 603:611 arg1 cultivars 603:611 two foreign cultivars 591:611 two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta) 591:636 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 0 10 theme antioxidant 73:83 arg1 capacities 85:94 antioxidant capacities 73:94 antioxidant capacities 73:94 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 4 11 theme clear 838:842 arg1 discrimination 844:857 a clear discrimination 836:857 a clear discrimination of cultivars 836:870 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 7 12 theme rich 1550:1553 arg1 characteristics/or 1531:1548 particular characteristics/or 1520:1548 particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest 1520:1578 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 0 13 theme understudied 99:110 arg1 cultivars 130:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 5 14 theme local 1214:1218 arg1 cultivars 1220:1228 the local cultivars 1210:1228 the local cultivars 1210:1228 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 7 15 theme new 1390:1392 arg1 information 1394:1404 new information 1390:1404 new information about these neglected cultivars 1390:1436 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 4 16 theme authenticity 916:927 arg1 purposes 929:936 authenticity purposes 916:936 authenticity purposes 916:936 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 1 17 contain have 149:152 arg2 benefits 172:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 recognized health benefits 154:179 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 1 17 contain have 149:152 arg1 Almonds 141:147 Almonds 141:147 Almonds 141:147 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 0 18 theme Phenolic 0:7 arg1 profiles 24:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 6 19 theme commercial 1344:1353 arg1 ones 1355:1358 two widespread commercial ones 1329:1358 two widespread commercial ones 1329:1358 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 2 20 theme foreign 595:601 arg1 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 20 theme foreign 595:601 arg1 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 20 theme foreign 595:601 arg1 cultivars 603:611 two foreign cultivars 591:611 two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta) 591:636 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 21 with comparison 575:584 arg1 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 Glorieta 628:635 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 21 with comparison 575:584 arg1 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 Ferragnès 614:622 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 21 with comparison 575:584 arg1 cultivars 603:611 two foreign cultivars 591:611 two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta) 591:636 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 22 theme antioxidant 421:431 arg1 activities 433:442 antioxidant activities 421:442 antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 421:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 3 23 theme Portuguese 714:723 arg1 cultivars 725:733 some Portuguese cultivars 709:733 some Portuguese cultivars comparing well and even favorably with the foreign ones 709:789 A cultivar effect was observed for all the parameters evaluated, with some Portuguese cultivars comparing well and even favorably with the foreign ones. 31353720 4 24 dep Designation 990:1000 arg1 Douro 1021:1025 Amêndoa Douro 1013:1025 the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro 976:1025 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 7 25 theme neglected 1418:1426 arg1 cultivars 1428:1436 these neglected cultivars 1412:1436 these neglected cultivars 1412:1436 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 0 26 theme acid 19:22 arg1 profiles 24:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 1 27 theme vitamin 276:282 arg1 E 284:284 vitamin E 276:284 vitamin E 276:284 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 0 28 theme almond 123:128 arg1 cultivars 130:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 2 29 theme bioactive 397:405 arg1 compounds 407:415 the aforementioned bioactive compounds 378:415 the aforementioned bioactive compounds 378:415 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 30 theme compounds 407:415 arg1 activities 433:442 antioxidant activities 421:442 antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 421:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 30 theme compounds 407:415 arg1 levels 368:373 the levels 364:373 the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds 364:415 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 0 31 theme Portuguese 112:121 arg1 cultivars 130:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 understudied Portuguese almond cultivars 99:138 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 5 32 theme PRACTICAL 1029:1037 arg1 APPLICATIONS 1039:1050 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 1029:1050 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 1029:1229 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 2 33 theme aforementioned 382:395 arg1 compounds 407:415 the aforementioned bioactive compounds 378:415 the aforementioned bioactive compounds 378:415 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 34 theme Portuguese 464:473 arg1 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 34 theme Portuguese 464:473 arg1 cultivars 475:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars 447:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 447:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 34 theme Portuguese 464:473 arg1 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 34 theme Portuguese 464:473 arg1 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 34 theme Portuguese 464:473 arg1 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 6 35 theme cultivars 1298:1306 arg1 composition 1262:1272 the chemical composition 1249:1272 the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars 1249:1306 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 7 36 theme particular 1520:1529 arg1 characteristics/or 1531:1548 particular characteristics/or 1520:1548 particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest 1520:1578 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 2 37 theme understudied 451:462 arg1 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 37 theme understudied 451:462 arg1 cultivars 475:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars 447:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 447:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 37 theme understudied 451:462 arg1 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 37 theme understudied 451:462 arg1 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 37 theme understudied 451:462 arg1 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 0 38 theme cultivars 130:138 arg1 capacities 85:94 antioxidant capacities 73:94 antioxidant capacities 73:94 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 0 38 theme cultivars 130:138 arg1 contents 59:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 0 38 theme cultivars 130:138 arg1 profiles 24:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 7 39 theme interesting 1493:1503 arg1 cultivars 1505:1513 more interesting cultivars 1488:1513 more interesting cultivars 1488:1513 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 4 40 theme Protected 980:988 arg1 Designation 990:1000 the Protected Designation 976:1000 the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro 976:1025 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 4 41 theme cultivars 862:870 arg1 discrimination 844:857 a clear discrimination 836:857 a clear discrimination of cultivars 836:870 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 5 42 theme cultivars 1135:1143 arg1 number 1125:1130 a considerable number 1110:1130 a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world 1110:1169 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 4 43 theme multivariate 794:805 arg1 analysis 807:814 A multivariate analysis 792:814 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 792:1027 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 2 44 from information 349:359 arg1 activities 433:442 antioxidant activities 421:442 antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 421:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 44 from information 349:359 arg1 levels 368:373 the levels 364:373 the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds 364:415 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 7 45 from rich 1550:1553 arg1 compounds 1558:1566 compounds 1558:1566 compounds of interest 1558:1578 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 0 46 theme α-tocopherol 34:45 arg1 contents 59:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 5 47 theme considerable 1112:1123 arg1 number 1125:1130 a considerable number 1110:1130 a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world 1110:1169 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 cultivars 475:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars 447:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 447:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 Molar 514:518 Molar 514:518 Molar 514:518 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 48 dep cultivars 475:483 arg1 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 3 49 theme cultivar 641:648 arg1 effect 650:655 A cultivar effect 639:655 A cultivar effect 639:655 A cultivar effect was observed for all the parameters evaluated, with some Portuguese cultivars comparing well and even favorably with the foreign ones. 31353720 2 50 from levels 368:373 arg1 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 Refêgo 563:568 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 50 from levels 368:373 arg1 cultivars 475:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars 447:483 six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo) 447:569 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 50 from levels 368:373 arg1 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 Casanova 504:511 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 50 from levels 368:373 arg1 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 Bonita 496:501 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 2 50 from levels 368:373 arg1 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 Pegarinhos-Murça 542:557 This study was carried with the aim of providing information on the levels of the aforementioned bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six understudied Portuguese cultivars (Amendoão, Bonita, Casanova, Molar, Pegarinhos-Moncorvo, Pegarinhos-Murça and Refêgo), in comparison with two foreign cultivars (Ferragnès and Glorieta). 31353720 4 51 theme Origin 1005:1010 arg1 Designation 990:1000 the Protected Designation 976:1000 the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro 976:1025 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 6 52 theme understudied 1285:1296 arg1 cultivars 1298:1306 several understudied cultivars 1277:1306 several understudied cultivars 1277:1306 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 1 53 theme chemical 220:227 arg1 composition 229:239 their chemical composition 214:239 their chemical composition 214:239 Almonds have recognized health benefits, which are largely attributed to their chemical composition, including fatty acids, phenolics, vitamin E, and sucrose. 31353720 6 54 theme chemical 1253:1260 arg1 composition 1262:1272 the chemical composition 1249:1272 the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars 1249:1306 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 4 55 used used 907:910 arg2 tool 893:896 statistical tool 881:896 statistical tool 881:896 A multivariate analysis of the data allowed a clear discrimination of cultivars and that statistical tool could be used for authenticity purposes, especially for cultivars included in the Protected Designation of Origin "Amêndoa Douro." 31353720 3 56 theme foreign 778:784 arg1 ones 786:789 the foreign ones 774:789 the foreign ones 774:789 A cultivar effect was observed for all the parameters evaluated, with some Portuguese cultivars comparing well and even favorably with the foreign ones. 31353720 7 57 theme interest 1571:1578 arg1 compounds 1558:1566 compounds 1558:1566 compounds of interest 1558:1578 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 6 58 theme several 1277:1283 arg1 cultivars 1298:1306 several understudied cultivars 1277:1306 several understudied cultivars 1277:1306 This work studies the chemical composition of several understudied cultivars and compares them to two widespread commercial ones. 31353720 0 59 theme sucrose 51:57 arg1 contents 59:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 α-tocopherol and sucrose contents 34:66 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 5 60 theme consumed 1080:1087 arg1 worldwide 1094:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 0 61 theme fatty 13:17 arg1 profiles 24:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles 0:31 Phenolic and fatty acid profiles, α-tocopherol and sucrose contents, and antioxidant capacities of understudied Portuguese almond cultivars. 31353720 7 62 from compounds 1558:1566 arg1 rich 1550:1553 rich 1550:1553 rich 1550:1553 The results not only provide new information about these neglected cultivars, but also provide data for stakeholders to select more interesting cultivars with particular characteristics/or rich in compounds of interest. 31353720 5 63 with worldwide 1094:1102 arg1 number 1125:1130 a considerable number 1110:1130 a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world 1110:1169 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 31353720 5 64 dep APPLICATIONS 1039:1050 arg1 worldwide 1094:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 the most consumed nuts worldwide 1071:1102 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Almonds are among the most consumed nuts worldwide, with a considerable number of cultivars recorded around the world, although research has been neglecting the local cultivars. 30252027 9 0 theme GMH 1274:1276 arg1 treatment 1278:1286 GMH treatment 1274:1286 GMH treatment 1274:1286 Additionally, the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides is elevated by GMH treatment. 30252027 9 1 theme antimicrobial 1236:1248 arg1 peptides 1250:1257 antimicrobial peptides 1236:1257 antimicrobial peptides 1236:1257 Additionally, the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides is elevated by GMH treatment. 30252027 1 2 theme multiple 175:182 arg1 benefits 191:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 4 3 theme bacterial 541:549 arg1 load 551:554 an elevated bacterial load 529:554 an elevated bacterial load in aged flies 529:568 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 7 4 theme EGFR/MAPK 968:976 arg1 pathway 978:984 EGFR/MAPK pathway 968:984 EGFR/MAPK pathway 968:984 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 2 5 theme glucomannan 275:285 arg1 treatment 305:313 glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment 275:313 glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment 275:313 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 4 6 theme microbiota 618:627 arg1 composition 629:639 the relative microbiota composition 605:639 the relative microbiota composition 605:639 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 4 7 theme aged 559:562 arg1 flies 564:568 aged flies 559:568 aged flies 559:568 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 5 8 theme intestinal 718:727 arg1 cells 734:738 intestinal stem cells 718:738 intestinal stem cells 718:738 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 6 9 theme Further 792:798 arg1 analysis 800:807 Further analysis 792:807 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome 792:835 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome revealed that both EGFR/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are suppressed in GMH groups. 30252027 4 10 from load 551:554 arg1 flies 564:568 aged flies 559:568 aged flies 559:568 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 1 11 contain have 170:173 arg2 benefits 191:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 1 11 contain have 170:173 arg1 supplementation 121:135 Dietary supplementation 113:135 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan 113:150 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 8 12 theme feedback 1118:1125 arg1 inhibitors 1127:1136 negative feedback inhibitors 1109:1136 negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) 1109:1150 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 1 13 theme health 184:189 arg1 benefits 191:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 multiple health benefits 175:198 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 5 14 theme cells 734:738 arg1 hyperproliferation 696:713 age-associated hyperproliferation 681:713 age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells 681:738 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 6 15 theme signaling 879:887 arg1 pathways 889:896 JAK/STAT signaling pathways 870:896 JAK/STAT signaling pathways 870:896 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome revealed that both EGFR/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are suppressed in GMH groups. 30252027 10 16 theme proliferative 1412:1424 arg1 homeostasis 1426:1436 gut proliferative homeostasis 1408:1436 gut proliferative homeostasis 1408:1436 Taken together, our study shows that dietary supplementation of GMH can prolong life span, possibly through regulating gut proliferative homeostasis. 30252027 7 17 theme key 937:939 arg1 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 17 theme key 937:939 arg1 regulators 941:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 17 theme key 937:939 arg1 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 17 theme key 937:939 arg1 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 10 18 theme life 1369:1372 arg1 span 1374:1377 life span 1369:1377 life span 1369:1377 Taken together, our study shows that dietary supplementation of GMH can prolong life span, possibly through regulating gut proliferative homeostasis. 30252027 4 19 theme relative 609:616 arg1 composition 629:639 the relative microbiota composition 605:639 the relative microbiota composition 605:639 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 6 20 theme JAK/STAT 870:877 arg1 pathways 889:896 JAK/STAT signaling pathways 870:896 JAK/STAT signaling pathways 870:896 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome revealed that both EGFR/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are suppressed in GMH groups. 30252027 10 21 theme gut 1408:1410 arg1 homeostasis 1426:1436 gut proliferative homeostasis 1408:1436 gut proliferative homeostasis 1408:1436 Taken together, our study shows that dietary supplementation of GMH can prolong life span, possibly through regulating gut proliferative homeostasis. 30252027 0 22 theme Glucomannan 0:10 arg1 Hydrolysate 12:22 Glucomannan Hydrolysate 0:22 Glucomannan Hydrolysate 0:22 Glucomannan Hydrolysate Promotes Gut Proliferative Homeostasis and Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 10 23 theme dietary 1326:1332 arg1 supplementation 1334:1348 dietary supplementation 1326:1348 dietary supplementation of GMH 1326:1355 Taken together, our study shows that dietary supplementation of GMH can prolong life span, possibly through regulating gut proliferative homeostasis. 30252027 2 24 theme organism 351:358 arg1 span 333:336 mean life span 323:336 mean life span of the model organism 323:358 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 0 25 theme Gut 33:35 arg1 Homeostasis 51:61 Gut Proliferative Homeostasis 33:61 Gut Proliferative Homeostasis 33:61 Glucomannan Hydrolysate Promotes Gut Proliferative Homeostasis and Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 8 26 theme negative 1109:1116 arg1 inhibitors 1127:1136 negative feedback inhibitors 1109:1136 negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) 1109:1150 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 27 theme JAK/STAT 1053:1060 arg1 pathway 1062:1068 the JAK/STAT pathway 1049:1068 the JAK/STAT pathway 1049:1068 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 7 28 theme Multiple 928:935 arg1 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 28 theme Multiple 928:935 arg1 regulators 941:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 28 theme Multiple 928:935 arg1 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 28 theme Multiple 928:935 arg1 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 1 29 theme Dietary 113:119 arg1 supplementation 121:135 Dietary supplementation 113:135 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan 113:150 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 4 30 theme elevated 532:539 arg1 load 551:554 an elevated bacterial load 529:554 an elevated bacterial load in aged flies 529:568 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 2 31 theme hydrolysate 287:297 arg1 treatment 305:313 glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment 275:313 glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment 275:313 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 4 32 theme limited 586:592 arg1 effects 594:600 limited effects 586:600 limited effects 586:600 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 2 33 theme mean 323:326 arg1 span 333:336 mean life span 323:336 mean life span of the model organism 323:358 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 5 34 theme age-associated 681:694 arg1 hyperproliferation 696:713 age-associated hyperproliferation 681:713 age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells 681:738 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 0 35 theme Proliferative 37:49 arg1 Homeostasis 51:61 Gut Proliferative Homeostasis 33:61 Gut Proliferative Homeostasis 33:61 Glucomannan Hydrolysate Promotes Gut Proliferative Homeostasis and Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 4 36 theme GMH 496:498 arg1 treatment 500:508 GMH treatment 496:508 GMH treatment 496:508 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 3 37 theme underlying 400:409 arg1 mechanisms 411:420 the underlying mechanisms 396:420 the underlying mechanisms 396:420 To unravel the underlying mechanisms, we first examined the effect of GMH on the gut microbiota. 30252027 0 38 from Span 80:83 arg1 melanogaster 99:110 Drosophila melanogaster 88:110 Drosophila melanogaster 88:110 Glucomannan Hydrolysate Promotes Gut Proliferative Homeostasis and Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 8 39 dep ligands 1077:1083 arg1 ligands 1077:1083 major ligands 1071:1083 major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) 1071:1103 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 39 dep ligands 1077:1083 arg1 Upd3 1099:1102 Upd3 1099:1102 Upd3 1099:1102 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 39 dep ligands 1077:1083 arg1 Upd2 1090:1093 Upd2 1090:1093 Upd2 1090:1093 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 39 dep ligands 1077:1083 arg1 eg 1086:1087 eg 1086:1087 eg 1086:1087 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 1 40 theme life 219:222 arg1 span 224:227 life span 219:227 life span 219:227 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 5 41 theme gut 777:779 arg1 integrity 781:789 gut integrity 777:789 gut integrity 777:789 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 2 42 theme life 328:331 arg1 span 333:336 mean life span 323:336 mean life span of the model organism 323:358 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 5 43 theme integrity 781:789 arg1 deterioration 760:772 the deterioration 756:772 the deterioration of gut integrity 756:789 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 8 44 theme major 1071:1075 arg1 ligands 1077:1083 major ligands 1071:1083 major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) 1071:1103 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 44 theme major 1071:1075 arg1 Upd3 1099:1102 Upd3 1099:1102 Upd3 1099:1102 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 44 theme major 1071:1075 arg1 Upd2 1090:1093 Upd2 1090:1093 Upd2 1090:1093 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 44 theme major 1071:1075 arg1 eg 1086:1087 eg 1086:1087 eg 1086:1087 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 3 45 from effect 445:450 arg1 microbiota 470:479 the gut microbiota 462:479 the gut microbiota 462:479 To unravel the underlying mechanisms, we first examined the effect of GMH on the gut microbiota. 30252027 1 46 theme glucomannan 140:150 arg1 supplementation 121:135 Dietary supplementation 113:135 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan 113:150 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 10 47 theme GMH 1353:1355 arg1 supplementation 1334:1348 dietary supplementation 1326:1348 dietary supplementation of GMH 1326:1355 Taken together, our study shows that dietary supplementation of GMH can prolong life span, possibly through regulating gut proliferative homeostasis. 30252027 6 48 theme transcriptome 823:835 arg1 analysis 800:807 Further analysis 792:807 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome 792:835 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome revealed that both EGFR/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are suppressed in GMH groups. 30252027 1 49 from effect 209:214 arg1 span 224:227 life span 219:227 life span 219:227 Dietary supplementation of glucomannan has been shown to have multiple health benefits, but its effect on life span has not been investigated. 30252027 3 50 theme GMH 455:457 arg1 effect 445:450 the effect 441:450 the effect of GMH on the gut microbiota 441:479 To unravel the underlying mechanisms, we first examined the effect of GMH on the gut microbiota. 30252027 5 51 theme stem 729:732 arg1 cells 734:738 intestinal stem cells 718:738 intestinal stem cells 718:738 We also demonstrated that GMH inhibits age-associated hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and thus delays the deterioration of gut integrity. 30252027 8 52 dep inhibitors 1127:1136 arg1 eg 1139:1140 eg 1139:1140 eg 1139:1140 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 8 52 dep inhibitors 1127:1136 arg1 Socs36e 1143:1149 Socs36e 1143:1149 Socs36e 1143:1149 In the JAK/STAT pathway, major ligands (eg, Upd2 and Upd3) and negative feedback inhibitors (eg, Socs36e) are all significantly downregulated. 30252027 6 53 theme midgut 816:821 arg1 transcriptome 823:835 the midgut transcriptome 812:835 the midgut transcriptome 812:835 Further analysis of the midgut transcriptome revealed that both EGFR/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways are suppressed in GMH groups. 30252027 4 54 contain has 582:584 arg1 treatment 500:508 GMH treatment 496:508 GMH treatment 496:508 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 4 54 contain has 582:584 arg2 effects 594:600 limited effects 586:600 limited effects 586:600 We found that GMH treatment is associated with an elevated bacterial load in aged flies but overall has limited effects on the relative microbiota composition. 30252027 2 55 theme model 345:349 arg1 organism 351:358 the model organism 341:358 the model organism 341:358 Here, we show that glucomannan hydrolysate (GMH) treatment extends mean life span of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 0 56 theme Life 75:78 arg1 Span 80:83 Life Span 75:83 Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster 75:110 Glucomannan Hydrolysate Promotes Gut Proliferative Homeostasis and Extends Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster. 30252027 9 57 theme genes 1221:1225 arg1 expression 1207:1216 the expression 1203:1216 the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides 1203:1257 Additionally, the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides is elevated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 58 theme GMH 1031:1033 arg1 treatment 1035:1043 GMH treatment 1031:1043 GMH treatment 1031:1043 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 59 theme pathway 978:984 arg1 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Ets21c 987:992 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 59 theme pathway 978:984 arg1 effectors 955:963 effectors 955:963 effectors 955:963 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 59 theme pathway 978:984 arg1 regulators 941:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators 928:950 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 59 theme pathway 978:984 arg1 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Mkp3 995:998 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 7 59 theme pathway 978:984 arg1 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Rho 1005:1007 Multiple key regulators or effectors of EGFR/MAPK pathway, Ets21c, Mkp3, and Rho, are downregulated by GMH treatment. 30252027 3 60 theme gut 466:468 arg1 microbiota 470:479 the gut microbiota 462:479 the gut microbiota 462:479 To unravel the underlying mechanisms, we first examined the effect of GMH on the gut microbiota. 31108765 9 0 theme different 1245:1253 arg1 fractions 1263:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 1 1 theme study 154:158 arg1 aim 142:144 The aim 138:144 The aim of this study 138:158 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 9 2 theme particle 1326:1333 arg1 size 1335:1338 their particle size 1320:1338 their particle size 1320:1338 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 0 3 theme raw 73:75 arg1 material 77:84 raw material 73:84 raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 73:135 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 6 4 theme yellow 864:869 arg1 color 871:875 the yellow color 860:875 the yellow color 860:875 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 3 5 theme heterogeneous 449:461 arg1 distribution 477:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 0 6 theme pectin-enriched 90:104 arg1 preparation 125:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 3 7 theme fibrous 494:500 arg1 structure 502:510 fibrous structure 494:510 fibrous structure 494:510 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 1 8 theme different 246:254 arg1 levels 286:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 7 9 theme elongation 1028:1037 arg1 increase 1052:1059 increase 1052:1059 increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa) 1052:1097 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 7 9 theme elongation 1028:1037 arg1 decrease 1016:1023 decrease 1016:1023 decrease of elongation (16-30%) 1016:1046 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 2 10 dep fractions 329:337 arg1 fractions 329:337 three fractions 323:337 three fractions 323:337 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 2 10 dep fractions 329:337 arg1 C 422:422 C (<150 μm) 422:432 C (<150 μm) 422:432 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 2 10 dep fractions 329:337 arg1 B 403:403 B (212-300 μm) 403:416 B (212-300 μm) 403:416 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 2 10 dep fractions 329:337 arg1 A 387:387 A (425-500 μm) 387:400 A (425-500 μm) 387:400 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 1 11 theme granulometry 256:267 arg1 range 269:273 granulometry range 256:273 granulometry range 256:273 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 0 12 theme film 120:123 arg1 preparation 125:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 7 13 theme tensile 1064:1070 arg1 2.88 ± 0.79 MPa 1082:1096 2.88 ± 0.79 MPa 1082:1096 2.88 ± 0.79 MPa 1082:1096 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 7 13 theme tensile 1064:1070 arg1 strength 1072:1079 tensile strength 1064:1079 tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa) 1064:1097 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 8 14 theme lower 1161:1165 arg1 availability 1167:1178 the lower availability 1157:1178 the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites 1157:1231 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 2 15 theme granulometric 359:371 arg1 distribution 373:384 their granulometric distribution 353:384 their granulometric distribution 353:384 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 8 16 theme films 1141:1145 arg1 isotherms 1113:1121 The sorption isotherms 1100:1121 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films 1100:1145 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 0 17 theme biodegradable 106:118 arg1 preparation 125:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation 90:135 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 9 18 contain have 1279:1282 arg2 applications 1294:1305 different applications 1284:1305 different applications 1284:1305 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 9 18 contain have 1279:1282 arg1 fractions 1263:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 9 19 theme thickest 1397:1404 arg1 fractions 1406:1414 the thickest fractions 1393:1414 the thickest fractions 1393:1414 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 9 19 theme thickest 1397:1404 arg1 fibers 1385:1390 dietary fibers 1377:1390 dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) 1377:1415 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 8 20 theme pectin-FVR 1130:1139 arg1 films 1141:1145 the pectin-FVR films 1126:1145 the pectin-FVR films 1126:1145 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 7 21 theme strength 1072:1079 arg1 increase 1052:1059 increase 1052:1059 increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa) 1052:1097 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 7 21 theme strength 1072:1079 arg1 decrease 1016:1023 decrease 1016:1023 decrease of elongation (16-30%) 1016:1046 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 5 22 theme presented 730:738 arg1 solubility 745:754 presented high solubility 730:754 presented high solubility (90%) 730:760 The films obtained from FVR were malleable, homogeneous, yellowish, and presented high solubility (90%). 31108765 5 22 theme presented 730:738 arg1 % 759:759 90% 757:759 90% 757:759 The films obtained from FVR were malleable, homogeneous, yellowish, and presented high solubility (90%). 31108765 7 23 theme pectin-based 996:1007 arg1 films 1009:1013 the pectin-based films 992:1013 the pectin-based films 992:1013 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 9 24 theme raw 1423:1425 arg1 material 1427:1434 raw material 1423:1434 raw material for film production 1423:1454 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 1 25 theme biodegradable 175:187 arg1 films 189:193 biodegradable films 175:193 biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels 175:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 1 26 theme range 269:273 arg1 levels 286:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 7 27 theme films 1009:1013 arg1 properties 978:987 the mechanical properties 963:987 the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films 963:1013 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 2 28 theme FVR 298:300 arg1 flour 302:306 The FVR flour 294:306 The FVR flour 294:306 The FVR flour was divided in three fractions, according to their granulometric distribution: A (425-500 μm), B (212-300 μm) and C (<150 μm). 31108765 4 29 theme protein 631:637 arg1 content 639:645 the protein content 627:645 the protein content 627:645 The fiber contents decreased according to granulometry, whereas the protein content increased. 31108765 9 30 theme dietary 1377:1383 arg1 fractions 1406:1414 the thickest fractions 1393:1414 the thickest fractions 1393:1414 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 9 30 theme dietary 1377:1383 arg1 fibers 1385:1390 dietary fibers 1377:1390 dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) 1377:1415 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 3 31 theme adhered 539:545 arg1 compounds 529:537 granular compounds 520:537 granular compounds adhered to the surface 520:560 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 1 32 theme pectin 279:284 arg1 levels 286:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 4 33 theme fiber 567:571 arg1 contents 573:580 The fiber contents 563:580 The fiber contents 563:580 The fiber contents decreased according to granulometry, whereas the protein content increased. 31108765 3 34 theme granular 520:527 arg1 compounds 529:537 granular compounds 520:537 granular compounds adhered to the surface 520:560 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 1 35 theme fruit 201:205 arg1 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 1 35 theme fruit 201:205 arg1 flour 235:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour 201:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels 201:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 5 36 theme high 740:743 arg1 solubility 745:754 presented high solubility 730:754 presented high solubility (90%) 730:760 The films obtained from FVR were malleable, homogeneous, yellowish, and presented high solubility (90%). 31108765 5 36 theme high 740:743 arg1 % 759:759 90% 757:759 90% 757:759 The films obtained from FVR were malleable, homogeneous, yellowish, and presented high solubility (90%). 31108765 9 37 theme residue 1255:1261 arg1 fractions 1263:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 different residue fractions 1245:1271 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 7 38 theme mechanical 967:976 arg1 properties 978:987 the mechanical properties 963:987 the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films 963:1013 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 9 39 theme fibers 1385:1390 arg1 source 1367:1372 source 1367:1372 source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) 1367:1415 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 8 40 theme polar 1183:1187 arg1 groups 1189:1194 polar groups 1183:1194 polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites 1183:1231 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 8 41 theme sorption 1104:1111 arg1 isotherms 1113:1121 The sorption isotherms 1100:1121 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films 1100:1145 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 7 42 theme properties 978:987 arg1 decrease 915:922 decrease 915:922 decrease of solubility (50%) 915:942 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 7 42 theme properties 978:987 arg1 improvement 948:958 improvement 948:958 improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films 948:1013 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 0 43 dep different 41:49 arg1 granulometry 51:62 granulometry 51:62 granulometry 51:62 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 1 44 theme vegetable 211:219 arg1 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 1 44 theme vegetable 211:219 arg1 flour 235:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour 201:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels 201:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 6 45 theme solutions 889:897 arg1 viscosity 846:854 viscosity 846:854 viscosity 846:854 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 6 45 theme solutions 889:897 arg1 color 871:875 the yellow color 860:875 the yellow color 860:875 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 6 46 theme pectin 798:803 arg1 addition 805:812 the pectin addition 794:812 the pectin addition 794:812 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 8 47 theme able 1196:1199 arg1 groups 1189:1194 polar groups 1183:1194 polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites 1183:1231 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 0 48 theme different 41:49 arg1 range 64:68 different granulometry range 41:68 different granulometry range 41:68 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 6 49 theme film 884:887 arg1 solutions 889:897 the film solutions 880:897 the film solutions (FS) 880:902 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 6 49 theme film 884:887 arg1 FS 900:901 FS 900:901 FS 900:901 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 1 50 with flour 235:239 arg1 levels 286:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 different granulometry range and pectin levels 246:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 8 51 theme groups 1189:1194 arg1 availability 1167:1178 the lower availability 1157:1178 the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites 1157:1231 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 9 52 theme different 1284:1292 arg1 applications 1294:1305 different applications 1284:1305 different applications 1284:1305 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 1 53 theme residue 221:227 arg1 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 FVR 230:232 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 1 53 theme residue 221:227 arg1 flour 235:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour 201:239 fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels 201:291 The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable films using fruit and vegetable residue (FVR) flour with different granulometry range and pectin levels. 31108765 8 54 theme water-sorption 1212:1225 arg1 sites 1227:1231 water-sorption sites 1212:1231 water-sorption sites 1212:1231 The sorption isotherms of the pectin-FVR films evidenced the lower availability of polar groups able to work as water-sorption sites. 31108765 6 55 theme granulometry 767:778 arg1 reduction 780:788 The granulometry reduction 763:788 The granulometry reduction 763:788 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31108765 7 56 theme solubility 927:936 arg1 decrease 915:922 decrease 915:922 decrease of solubility (50%) 915:942 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 7 56 theme solubility 927:936 arg1 improvement 948:958 improvement 948:958 improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films 948:1013 There was decrease of solubility (50%) and improvement of the mechanical properties of the pectin-based films: decrease of elongation (16-30%) and increase of tensile strength (2.88 ± 0.79 MPa). 31108765 3 57 theme particle 463:470 arg1 distribution 477:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 9 58 theme film 1440:1443 arg1 production 1445:1454 film production 1440:1454 film production 1440:1454 Therefore, different residue fractions could have different applications depending on their particle size and composition, either as source of dietary fibers (the thickest fractions) or as raw material for film production. 31108765 0 59 dep Fruit 0:4 arg1 residues 20:27 residues 20:27 residues 20:27 Fruit and vegetable residues flours with different granulometry range as raw material for pectin-enriched biodegradable film preparation. 31108765 3 60 theme size 472:475 arg1 distribution 477:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 heterogeneous particle size distribution 449:488 FVR presented heterogeneous particle size distribution and fibrous structure showing granular compounds adhered to the surface. 31108765 6 61 dep viscosity 846:854 arg1 the 842:844 the 842:844 the 842:844 The granulometry reduction and the pectin addition have significantly improved the viscosity and the yellow color of the film solutions (FS). 31016304 0 0 theme two-dimensional 79:93 arg1 chromatography 95:108 two-dimensional chromatography 79:108 two-dimensional chromatography 79:108 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 7 1 theme structural 1170:1179 arg1 information 1181:1191 the detailed structural information 1157:1191 the detailed structural information of enoxaparins 1157:1206 The profiles in MHC-2DLC-MS showed the detailed structural information of enoxaparins. 31016304 9 2 theme glycan 1420:1425 arg1 distribution 1432:1443 the glycan size distribution 1416:1443 the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin 1416:1460 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 9 2 theme glycan 1420:1425 arg1 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 1 3 theme heparins 170:177 arg1 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 3 theme heparins 170:177 arg1 one 123:125 one 123:125 one 123:125 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 3 theme heparins 170:177 arg1 heparins 170:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins 130:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) 130:185 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 3 theme heparins 170:177 arg1 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 4 4 theme oligosaccharide 556:570 arg1 dispersity 572:581 the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions 552:609 dispersity 572:581 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 4 4 theme oligosaccharide 556:570 arg1 domains 625:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 variety 1552:1558 the variety 1548:1558 the variety of glycans 1548:1569 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 composition 1522:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 glycans 1563:1569 glycans 1563:1569 glycans 1563:1569 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 sequence 1535:1542 sequence 1535:1542 sequence 1535:1542 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 5 theme glycans 1563:1569 arg1 enoxaparin 1577:1586 an enoxaparin 1574:1586 an enoxaparin 1574:1586 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 0 6 from analysis 11:18 arg1 sources 50:56 different sources 40:56 different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography 40:108 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 2 7 theme structural 342:351 arg1 diversity 353:361 the structural diversity 338:361 the structural diversity of enoxaparin 338:375 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 2 8 theme precursor 289:297 arg1 processes 253:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 2 8 theme precursor 289:297 arg1 sources 274:280 animal sources 267:280 animal sources 267:280 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 9 9 theme enoxaparin 1451:1460 arg1 distribution 1432:1443 the glycan size distribution 1416:1443 the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin 1416:1460 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 9 9 theme enoxaparin 1451:1460 arg1 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 10 10 theme binding-based 1615:1627 arg1 activity 1643:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 4 11 used used 536:539 arg2 SAX 527:529 SAX 527:529 SAX 527:529 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 4 11 used used 536:539 arg2 SEC 519:521 SEC 519:521 SEC 519:521 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 5 12 theme heparin 891:897 arg1 precursor 899:907 its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes 887:942 precursor 899:907 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 8 13 theme binding 1226:1232 arg1 capacities 1234:1243 the binding capacities 1222:1243 the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins 1222:1300 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 0 14 from sources 50:56 arg1 enoxaparins 23:33 enoxaparins 23:33 enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography 23:108 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 0 14 from sources 50:56 arg1 analysis 11:18 Systematic analysis 0:18 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 0:109 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 3 15 theme different 449:457 arg1 providers 459:467 different providers 449:467 different providers 449:467 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 5 16 theme animal 869:874 arg1 sources 876:882 the animal sources 865:882 the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands 865:967 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 5 17 theme structural 727:736 arg1 attributable 834:845 attributable 834:845 attributable 834:845 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 5 17 theme structural 727:736 arg1 variations 738:747 the structural variations 723:747 the structural variations 723:747 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 3 18 from providers 459:467 arg1 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin prepared at different times 404:441 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 3 18 from providers 459:467 arg1 lots 396:399 38 lots 393:399 38 lots 393:399 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 5 19 theme disaccharide 807:818 arg1 analysis 820:827 disaccharide analysis 807:827 disaccharide analysis 807:827 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 3 20 theme different 427:435 arg1 times 437:441 different times 427:441 different times 427:441 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 10 21 theme anticoagulant 1629:1641 arg1 activity 1643:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 8 22 located detected 1307:1314 arg2 capacities 1234:1243 the binding capacities 1222:1243 the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins 1222:1300 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 22 located detected 1307:1314 arg1 addition 1212:1219 addition 1212:1219 addition 1212:1219 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 5 23 located observed 764:771 arg1 mapping 792:798 oligosaccharide mapping 776:798 oligosaccharide mapping 776:798 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 5 23 located observed 764:771 arg1 analysis 820:827 disaccharide analysis 807:827 disaccharide analysis 807:827 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 5 23 located observed 764:771 arg2 variations 738:747 the structural variations 723:747 the structural variations 723:747 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 5 23 located observed 764:771 arg2 attributable 834:845 attributable 834:845 attributable 834:845 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 10 24 theme AT 1612:1613 arg1 activity 1643:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity 1608:1650 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 3 25 theme enoxaparin 404:413 arg1 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin prepared at different times 404:441 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 3 25 theme enoxaparin 404:413 arg1 lots 396:399 38 lots 393:399 38 lots 393:399 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 0 26 theme Systematic 0:9 arg1 analysis 11:18 Systematic analysis 0:18 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 0:109 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 6 27 theme representative 974:987 arg1 enoxaparins 989:999 The representative enoxaparins 970:999 The representative enoxaparins 970:999 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 8 28 theme plasmon 1330:1336 arg1 resonance 1338:1346 surface plasmon resonance 1322:1346 surface plasmon resonance (SPR) 1322:1352 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 28 theme plasmon 1330:1336 arg1 SPR 1349:1351 SPR 1349:1351 SPR 1349:1351 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 29 theme enoxaparins 1290:1300 arg1 lots 1282:1285 these 38 lots 1273:1285 these 38 lots of enoxaparins 1273:1300 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 29 theme enoxaparins 1290:1300 arg1 enoxaparins 1290:1300 enoxaparins 1290:1300 enoxaparins 1290:1300 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 30 theme lots 1282:1285 arg1 antithrombin 1248:1259 antithrombin III 1248:1263 antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins 1248:1300 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 30 theme lots 1282:1285 arg1 AT 1266:1267 AT 1266:1267 AT 1266:1267 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 0 31 theme enoxaparins 23:33 arg1 analysis 11:18 Systematic analysis 0:18 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 0:109 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 7 32 theme detailed 1161:1168 arg1 information 1181:1191 the detailed structural information 1157:1191 the detailed structural information of enoxaparins 1157:1206 The profiles in MHC-2DLC-MS showed the detailed structural information of enoxaparins. 31016304 3 33 from sources 480:486 arg1 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin 404:413 enoxaparin prepared at different times 404:441 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 3 33 from sources 480:486 arg1 lots 396:399 38 lots 393:399 38 lots 393:399 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 2 34 theme unfractionated 300:313 arg1 precursor 289:297 its precursor 285:297 its precursor (unfractionated heparin) 285:322 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 2 34 theme unfractionated 300:313 arg1 heparin 315:321 unfractionated heparin 300:321 unfractionated heparin 300:321 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 9 35 theme production 1485:1494 arg1 process 1496:1502 its production process 1481:1502 its production process 1481:1502 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 5 36 theme precursor 899:907 arg1 sources 876:882 the animal sources 865:882 the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands 865:967 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 1 37 theme important 139:147 arg1 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 37 theme important 139:147 arg1 heparins 170:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins 130:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) 130:185 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 0 38 theme different 40:48 arg1 sources 50:56 different sources 40:56 different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography 40:108 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 8 39 theme surface 1322:1328 arg1 resonance 1338:1346 surface plasmon resonance 1322:1346 surface plasmon resonance (SPR) 1322:1352 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 8 39 theme surface 1322:1328 arg1 SPR 1349:1351 SPR 1349:1351 SPR 1349:1351 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 6 40 theme chromatography-mass 1074:1092 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 40 theme chromatography-mass 1074:1092 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 2 41 theme Different 232:240 arg1 processes 253:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 4 42 theme enoxaparins 637:647 arg1 dispersity 572:581 the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions 552:609 dispersity 572:581 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 4 42 theme enoxaparins 637:647 arg1 compositions 598:609 the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions 552:609 compositions 598:609 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 4 42 theme enoxaparins 637:647 arg1 domains 625:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 6 43 theme two-dimensional 1051:1065 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 43 theme two-dimensional 1051:1065 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 10 44 theme disaccharide 1509:1520 arg1 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 44 theme disaccharide 1509:1520 arg1 composition 1522:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 6 45 theme multiple 1032:1039 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 45 theme multiple 1032:1039 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 46 theme liquid 1067:1072 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 46 theme liquid 1067:1072 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 5 47 theme oligosaccharide 776:790 arg1 mapping 792:798 oligosaccharide mapping 776:798 oligosaccharide mapping 776:798 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 1 48 used used 198:201 arg2 one 123:125 one 123:125 one 123:125 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 48 used used 198:201 arg2 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 48 used used 198:201 arg2 heparins 170:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins 130:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) 130:185 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 48 used used 198:201 arg2 anticoagulant 217:229 a clinical anticoagulant 206:229 a clinical anticoagulant 206:229 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 5 49 from differences 850:860 arg1 sources 876:882 the animal sources 865:882 the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands 865:967 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 3 50 theme animal 473:478 arg1 sources 480:486 animal sources 473:486 animal sources 473:486 In this study, 38 lots of enoxaparin prepared at different times, from different providers and animal sources, were systematically analyzed. 31016304 7 51 theme enoxaparins 1196:1206 arg1 information 1181:1191 the detailed structural information 1157:1191 the detailed structural information of enoxaparins 1157:1206 The profiles in MHC-2DLC-MS showed the detailed structural information of enoxaparins. 31016304 7 52 from profiles 1126:1133 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1138:1148 MHC-2DLC-MS 1138:1148 MHC-2DLC-MS 1138:1148 The profiles in MHC-2DLC-MS showed the detailed structural information of enoxaparins. 31016304 5 53 theme enoxaparin 912:921 arg1 processes 934:942 its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes 887:942 processes 934:942 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 2 54 theme animal 267:272 arg1 sources 274:280 animal sources 267:280 animal sources 267:280 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 6 55 theme heart-cut 1041:1049 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 55 theme heart-cut 1041:1049 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 5 56 theme production 923:932 arg1 processes 934:942 its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes 887:942 processes 934:942 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 1 57 theme clinical 208:215 arg1 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin 111:120 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 57 theme clinical 208:215 arg1 anticoagulant 217:229 a clinical anticoagulant 206:229 a clinical anticoagulant 206:229 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 5 58 from variations 738:747 arg1 enoxaparin 752:761 enoxaparin 752:761 enoxaparin 752:761 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 8 59 theme inhibition 1375:1384 arg1 mode 1386:1389 the competitive inhibition mode 1359:1389 the competitive inhibition mode 1359:1389 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 9 60 theme size 1427:1430 arg1 distribution 1432:1443 the glycan size distribution 1416:1443 the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin 1416:1460 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 9 60 theme size 1427:1430 arg1 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 related 1470:1476 The results showed that the glycan size distribution of an enoxaparin is more related to its production process. 31016304 5 61 theme processes 934:942 arg1 sources 876:882 the animal sources 865:882 the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands 865:967 The results provide clues as to whether the structural variations in enoxaparin, observed in oligosaccharide mapping and/or disaccharide analysis, are attributable to differences in the animal sources of its heparin precursor or enoxaparin production processes based on times or brands. 31016304 8 62 theme competitive 1363:1373 arg1 mode 1386:1389 the competitive inhibition mode 1359:1389 the competitive inhibition mode 1359:1389 In addition, the binding capacities to antithrombin III (AT) of these 38 lots of enoxaparins were detected using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the competitive inhibition mode. 31016304 4 63 theme structural 587:596 arg1 compositions 598:609 the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions 552:609 compositions 598:609 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 variety 1552:1558 the variety 1548:1558 the variety of glycans 1548:1569 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 related 1597:1603 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 composition 1522:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition 1505:1532 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 glycans 1563:1569 glycans 1563:1569 glycans 1563:1569 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 sequence 1535:1542 sequence 1535:1542 sequence 1535:1542 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 10 64 theme enoxaparin 1577:1586 arg1 enoxaparin 1577:1586 an enoxaparin 1574:1586 an enoxaparin 1574:1586 The disaccharide composition, sequence and the variety of glycans of an enoxaparin are more related to its AT binding-based anticoagulant activity. 31016304 0 65 with sources 50:56 arg1 one- 70:73 online one- 63:73 online one- 63:73 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 0 65 with sources 50:56 arg1 chromatography 95:108 two-dimensional chromatography 79:108 two-dimensional chromatography 79:108 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 2 66 theme enoxaparin 366:375 arg1 diversity 353:361 the structural diversity 338:361 the structural diversity of enoxaparin 338:375 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 4 67 theme disaccharide 612:623 arg1 dispersity 572:581 the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions 552:609 dispersity 572:581 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 4 67 theme disaccharide 612:623 arg1 domains 625:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 disaccharide domains 612:631 SEC and SAX were used to analyze the oligosaccharide dispersity and structural compositions (disaccharide domains) of enoxaparins by size and charge, respectively. 31016304 0 68 theme online 63:68 arg1 one- 70:73 online one- 63:73 online one- 63:73 Systematic analysis of enoxaparins from different sources with online one- and two-dimensional chromatography. 31016304 2 69 theme production 242:251 arg1 processes 253:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes 232:261 Different production processes and animal sources of its precursor (unfractionated heparin) can result in the structural diversity of enoxaparin. 31016304 1 70 theme low-molecular-weight 149:168 arg1 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 LMWHs 180:184 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 1 70 theme low-molecular-weight 149:168 arg1 heparins 170:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins 130:177 the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) 130:185 Enoxaparin, one of the most important low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), is widely used as a clinical anticoagulant. 31016304 6 71 theme online 1025:1030 arg1 spectrometry 1094:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 1025:1105 online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS) 1025:1119 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 31016304 6 71 theme online 1025:1030 arg1 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 MHC-2DLC-MS 1108:1118 The representative enoxaparins were fingerprinted with online multiple heart-cut two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MHC-2DLC-MS). 30153195 6 0 theme test 942:945 arg1 14.14 mm 964:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 1 1 theme chitosan 270:277 arg1 layer 279:283 chitosan layer 270:283 chitosan layer 270:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 7 2 theme removable 1129:1137 arg1 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 7 2 theme removable 1129:1137 arg1 hemostat 1147:1154 removable topical hemostat 1129:1154 removable topical hemostat 1129:1154 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 6 3 theme Blood 910:914 arg1 absorption 916:925 Blood absorption 910:925 Blood absorption 910:925 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 1 4 theme topical 177:183 arg1 hemostat 185:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat 154:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 154:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 8 5 theme bi-layered 1205:1214 arg1 hemostat 1216:1223 the bi-layered hemostat 1201:1223 the bi-layered hemostat 1201:1223 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 4 6 theme % 712:712 arg1 proliferation 729:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 1 7 from effect 293:298 arg1 formation 308:316 bone formation 303:316 bone formation 303:316 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 5 8 theme bleeding 893:900 arg1 models 902:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 10 9 theme bone 1637:1640 arg1 regeneration 1642:1653 bone regeneration 1637:1653 bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect 1637:1672 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 5 10 theme adsorption 856:865 arg1 capacity 867:874 blood adsorption capacity 850:874 blood adsorption capacity 850:874 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 7 11 theme rat 1083:1085 arg1 skulls 1087:1092 rat skulls 1083:1092 rat skulls 1083:1092 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 10 12 theme 3 mm 1662:1665 arg1 defect 1667:1672 the 3 mm defect 1658:1672 the 3 mm defect 1658:1672 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 6 13 theme measuring 954:962 arg1 14.14 mm 964:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 4 14 theme 1 757:757 arg1 week 759:762 week 759:762 week 759:762 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 1 15 theme hemostatic 131:140 arg1 activity 142:149 the hemostatic activity 127:149 the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 127:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 8 16 theme histological 1333:1344 arg1 sections 1346:1353 histological sections 1333:1353 histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples 1333:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 4 17 theme cell 724:727 arg1 proliferation 729:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 8 18 theme bone 1368:1371 arg1 samples 1380:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 1 19 theme composite 156:164 arg1 hemostat 185:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat 154:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 154:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 6 20 theme contact 1023:1029 arg1 minutes 1006:1012 5 minutes 1004:1012 5 minutes of blood contact 1004:1029 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 8 21 theme samples 1380:1386 arg1 sections 1346:1353 histological sections 1333:1353 histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples 1333:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 1 22 from activity 142:149 arg1 formation 308:316 bone formation 303:316 bone formation 303:316 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 2 23 theme electron 415:422 arg1 microscopy 424:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 30153195 0 24 theme Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP 39:58 arg1 Material 79:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Hemostasis and Bone Regeneration Using Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material. 30153195 3 25 dep In 436:437 arg1 vitro 439:443 vitro 439:443 vitro 439:443 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 4 26 theme culture 764:770 arg1 period 772:777 1 week culture period 757:777 1 week culture period 757:777 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 8 27 theme tomography 1293:1302 arg1 analysis 1266:1273 analysis 1266:1273 analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) 1266:1312 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 8 27 theme tomography 1293:1302 arg1 observation 1318:1328 observation 1318:1328 observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples 1318:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 4 28 theme seeded 582:587 arg1 cells 589:593 seeded cells 582:593 seeded cells 582:593 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 0 29 theme Bone 15:18 arg1 Regeneration 20:31 Bone Regeneration 15:31 Bone Regeneration 15:31 Hemostasis and Bone Regeneration Using Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material. 30153195 3 30 theme In 436:437 arg1 biocompatibility 445:460 In vitro biocompatibility 436:460 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) 436:529 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 3 31 theme hemostat 477:484 arg1 biocompatibility 445:460 In vitro biocompatibility 436:460 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) 436:529 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 1 32 theme bi-layered 166:175 arg1 hemostat 185:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat 154:192 a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 154:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 5 33 theme bone 888:891 arg1 models 902:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 9 34 from site 1507:1510 arg1 minutes 1468:1474 3 minutes 1466:1474 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site 1466:1510 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 10 35 theme bi-layer 1568:1575 arg1 material 1577:1584 the bi-layer material 1564:1584 the bi-layer material 1564:1584 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 10 35 theme bi-layer 1568:1575 arg1 hemostat 1602:1609 a degradable hemostat 1589:1609 a degradable hemostat 1589:1609 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 5 36 dep in 880:881 arg1 vivo 883:886 vivo 883:886 vivo 883:886 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 7 37 theme actual 1159:1164 arg1 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 7 37 theme actual 1159:1164 arg1 hemostat 1177:1184 actual degradable hemostat 1159:1184 actual degradable hemostat 1159:1184 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 2 38 theme composite 337:345 arg1 hemostat 347:354 the composite hemostat 333:354 the composite hemostat 333:354 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 30153195 9 39 from application 1479:1489 arg1 site 1507:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 4 40 theme increased 714:722 arg1 proliferation 729:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 15% increased cell proliferation 710:741 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 10 41 theme degradable 1591:1600 arg1 material 1577:1584 the bi-layer material 1564:1584 the bi-layer material 1564:1584 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 10 41 theme degradable 1591:1600 arg1 hemostat 1602:1609 a degradable hemostat 1589:1609 a degradable hemostat 1589:1609 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 3 42 theme adverse 541:547 arg1 toxicity 549:556 no adverse toxicity 538:556 no adverse toxicity 538:556 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 1 43 theme calcium 248:254 arg1 phosphate 256:264 bi-phasic calcium phosphate 238:264 bi-phasic calcium phosphate 238:264 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 5 44 theme hemostatic 811:820 arg1 agent 822:826 a hemostatic agent 809:826 a hemostatic agent 809:826 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 6 45 theme sample 947:952 arg1 14.14 mm 964:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 test sample measuring 14.14 mm 942:971 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 9 46 from minutes 1468:1474 arg1 site 1507:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 7 47 theme topical 1139:1145 arg1 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 7 47 theme topical 1139:1145 arg1 hemostat 1147:1154 removable topical hemostat 1129:1154 removable topical hemostat 1129:1154 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 2 48 theme individual 364:373 arg1 components 375:384 its individual components 360:384 its individual components 360:384 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 30153195 4 49 theme cell 607:610 arg1 adhesion 612:619 good cell adhesion 602:619 good cell adhesion 602:619 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 1 50 theme electrospun 206:216 arg1 gelatin 218:224 electrospun gelatin 206:224 electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 206:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 8 51 theme micro-computed 1278:1291 arg1 microCT 1305:1311 microCT 1305:1311 microCT 1305:1311 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 8 51 theme micro-computed 1278:1291 arg1 tomography 1293:1302 micro-computed tomography 1278:1302 micro-computed tomography (microCT) 1278:1312 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 5 52 theme in 880:881 arg1 models 902:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 in vivo bone bleeding models 880:907 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 0 53 theme Bi-layer 60:67 arg1 Material 79:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Hemostasis and Bone Regeneration Using Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material. 30153195 9 54 theme application 1479:1489 arg1 minutes 1468:1474 3 minutes 1466:1474 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site 1466:1510 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 4 55 theme 15 710:711 arg1 % 712:712 % 712:712 % 712:712 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 7 56 theme skulls 1087:1092 arg1 plates 1073:1078 the frontal plates 1061:1078 the frontal plates of rat skulls 1061:1092 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 5 57 theme blood 850:854 arg1 capacity 867:874 blood adsorption capacity 850:874 blood adsorption capacity 850:874 The material's efficiency as a hemostatic agent was tested by testing blood adsorption capacity and in vivo bone bleeding models. 30153195 1 58 theme hemostat 185:192 arg1 effect 293:298 its effect 289:298 its effect on bone formation 289:316 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 1 58 theme hemostat 185:192 arg1 activity 142:149 the hemostatic activity 127:149 the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer 127:283 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 4 59 theme bromide 680:686 arg1 assay 694:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 8 60 theme bone 1228:1231 arg1 formation 1233:1241 bone formation 1228:1241 bone formation 1228:1241 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 4 61 theme MTT 689:691 arg1 assay 694:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 10 62 theme defect 1667:1672 arg1 regeneration 1642:1653 bone regeneration 1637:1653 bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect 1637:1672 Using the bi-layer material as a degradable hemostat also drastically improved bone regeneration of the 3 mm defect. 30153195 7 63 theme frontal 1065:1071 arg1 plates 1073:1078 the frontal plates 1061:1078 the frontal plates of rat skulls 1061:1092 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 7 64 theme bleeding 1037:1044 arg1 Bone 1032:1035 Bone bleeding 1032:1044 Bone bleeding 1032:1044 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 9 65 theme bone 1539:1542 arg1 regeneration 1544:1555 bone regeneration 1539:1555 bone regeneration 1539:1555 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 8 66 theme hemostat 1216:1223 arg1 effect 1191:1196 The effect 1187:1196 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation 1187:1241 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 8 67 theme sections 1346:1353 arg1 analysis 1266:1273 analysis 1266:1273 analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) 1266:1312 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 8 67 theme sections 1346:1353 arg1 observation 1318:1328 observation 1318:1328 observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples 1318:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 8 68 theme extracted 1358:1366 arg1 samples 1380:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 6 69 theme blood 1017:1021 arg1 contact 1023:1029 blood contact 1017:1029 blood contact 1017:1029 Blood absorption indicates that test sample measuring 14.14 mm becomes fully saturated within 5 minutes of blood contact. 30153195 8 70 theme tissue 1373:1378 arg1 samples 1380:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 extracted bone tissue samples 1358:1386 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 9 71 theme bleeding 1498:1505 arg1 site 1507:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 the bleeding site 1494:1510 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 3 72 theme topical 469:475 arg1 hemostat 477:484 the topical hemostat 465:484 the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) 465:529 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 4 73 theme cells 589:593 arg1 microscopy 568:577 Confocal microscopy 559:577 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells 559:593 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 4 74 theme week 759:762 arg1 period 772:777 1 week culture period 757:777 1 week culture period 757:777 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 1 75 theme study 104:108 arg1 aim 93:95 The aim 89:95 The aim of the study 89:108 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 4 76 theme good 602:605 arg1 adhesion 612:619 good cell adhesion 602:619 good cell adhesion 602:619 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 4 77 theme period 772:777 arg1 end 750:752 the end 746:752 the end of 1 week culture period 746:777 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 3 78 theme preosteoblasts 499:512 arg1 MC3t3-E1 521:528 MC3t3-E1 521:528 MC3t3-E1 521:528 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 3 78 theme preosteoblasts 499:512 arg1 cells 514:518 preosteoblasts cells 499:518 preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) 499:529 In vitro biocompatibility of the topical hemostat tested using preosteoblasts cells (MC3t3-E1) showed no adverse toxicity. 30153195 7 79 theme degradable 1166:1175 arg1 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 samples 1098:1104 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 7 79 theme degradable 1166:1175 arg1 hemostat 1177:1184 actual degradable hemostat 1159:1184 actual degradable hemostat 1159:1184 Bone bleeding was induced on the frontal plates of rat skulls and samples were applied as either removable topical hemostat or actual degradable hemostat. 30153195 1 80 theme bone 303:306 arg1 formation 308:316 bone formation 303:316 bone formation 303:316 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 4 81 theme Confocal 559:566 arg1 microscopy 568:577 Confocal microscopy 559:577 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells 559:593 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 0 82 theme Composite 69:77 arg1 Material 79:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material 39:86 Hemostasis and Bone Regeneration Using Chitosan/Gelatin-BCP Bi-layer Composite Material. 30153195 2 83 theme hemostat 347:354 arg1 Morphology 319:328 Morphology 319:328 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components 319:384 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 30153195 9 84 theme bi-layer 1415:1422 arg1 able 1437:1440 able 1437:1440 able 1437:1440 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 9 84 theme bi-layer 1415:1422 arg1 hemostat 1424:1431 the bi-layer hemostat 1411:1431 the bi-layer hemostat 1411:1431 Results indicate that the bi-layer hemostat was able to halt bleeding within 3 minutes of application on the bleeding site and significantly enhanced bone regeneration. 30153195 8 85 from effect 1191:1196 arg1 formation 1233:1241 bone formation 1228:1241 bone formation 1228:1241 The effect of the bi-layered hemostat on bone formation was determined through analysis of micro-computed tomography (microCT) and observation of histological sections of extracted bone tissue samples. 30153195 1 86 theme bi-phasic 238:246 arg1 phosphate 256:264 bi-phasic calcium phosphate 238:264 bi-phasic calcium phosphate 238:264 The aim of the study was to determine the hemostatic activity of a composite bi-layered topical hemostat composed of electrospun gelatin loaded with bi-phasic calcium phosphate and chitosan layer and its effect on bone formation. 30153195 2 87 theme scanning 406:413 arg1 microscopy 424:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 scanning electron microscopy 406:433 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 30153195 4 88 theme -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium 655:678 arg1 assay 694:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 627:698 Confocal microscopy of seeded cells showed good cell adhesion while 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated 15% increased cell proliferation at the end of 1 week culture period. 30153195 2 89 theme components 375:384 arg1 Morphology 319:328 Morphology 319:328 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components 319:384 Morphology of the composite hemostat and its individual components were observed using scanning electron microscopy. 31199651 3 0 theme general 215:221 arg1 principles 244:253 general nanotechnology-based principles 215:253 general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops 215:286 Few studies have been conducted on the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops. 31199651 5 1 theme polymer 598:604 arg1 nanocomposites 625:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites 570:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) 570:780 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 1 theme polymer 598:604 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 1 theme polymer 598:604 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 2 theme grafting 425:432 arg1 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 2 theme grafting 425:432 arg1 straw 440:444 grafting wheat straw 425:444 grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM) 425:563 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 6 3 theme functional 851:860 arg1 groups 862:867 functional groups 851:867 functional groups in WS and HEC 851:881 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 4 from activity 828:835 arg1 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 4 from activity 828:835 arg1 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 7 5 theme absorption 1083:1092 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 10 6 theme simple 1679:1684 arg1 system 1703:1708 the simple physically mixed system 1675:1708 the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP 1675:1724 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 6 7 from number 841:846 arg1 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 7 from number 841:846 arg1 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 7 8 theme maximum 1069:1075 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 0 9 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 Semi-IPN 6:13 Novel Semi-IPN 0:13 Novel Semi-IPN 0:13 Novel Semi-IPN Nanocomposites with Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention. 31199651 3 10 theme principles 244:253 arg1 use 208:210 the use 204:210 the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops 204:286 Few studies have been conducted on the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops. 31199651 10 11 with nanocomposites 1582:1595 arg1 system 1635:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 11 12 from activities 1761:1770 arg1 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 12 from activities 1761:1770 arg1 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 10 13 theme mixed 1697:1701 arg1 system 1703:1708 the simple physically mixed system 1675:1708 the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP 1675:1724 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 9 14 theme degradation 1415:1425 arg1 processes 1427:1435 the degradation processes 1411:1435 the degradation processes 1411:1435 The changes in microstructures of these materials during the degradation processes were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and other techniques. 31199651 6 15 theme water 888:892 arg1 properties 905:914 water absorption properties 888:914 water absorption properties 888:914 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 5 16 with bonding 693:699 arg1 fertilizer 769:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 16 with bonding 693:699 arg1 PSRF 725:728 PSRF 725:728 PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 725:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 2 17 theme Microscopic 99:109 arg1 Structure 111:119 Microscopic Structure 99:119 Microscopic Structure 99:119 Microscopic Structure, Water Absorbency, and Degradation Performance. 31199651 10 18 theme degradation 1529:1539 arg1 rate 1541:1544 the degradation rate 1525:1544 the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1525:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 10 18 theme degradation 1529:1539 arg1 higher 1645:1650 higher 1645:1650 higher 1645:1650 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 7 19 theme water 1077:1081 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 8 20 theme structures 1243:1252 arg1 Effects 1228:1234 Effects 1228:1234 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances 1228:1310 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 6 21 dep properties 905:914 arg1 the 884:886 the 884:886 the 884:886 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 10 22 theme structure 1613:1621 arg1 system 1635:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 0 23 theme Slow-Release 62:73 arg1 Functions 35:43 Functions 35:43 Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention 35:93 Novel Semi-IPN Nanocomposites with Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention. 31199651 5 24 theme polymers 409:416 arg1 SAPWS 418:422 super-absorbent polymers SAPWS 393:422 super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) 393:564 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 11 25 from HEC 1818:1820 arg1 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 25 from HEC 1818:1820 arg1 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 8 26 theme materials 1268:1276 arg1 structures 1243:1252 the structures 1239:1252 the structures of these four materials 1239:1276 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 0 27 theme Water 79:83 arg1 Retention 85:93 Water Retention 79:93 Water Retention 79:93 Novel Semi-IPN Nanocomposites with Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention. 31199651 5 28 dep nanocomposites 625:638 arg1 nanocomposites 625:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites 570:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) 570:780 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 28 dep nanocomposites 625:638 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 28 dep nanocomposites 625:638 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 29 theme chemical 684:691 arg1 bonding 693:699 chemical bonding 684:699 chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 684:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 11 30 theme different 1920:1928 arg1 rates 1942:1946 different degradation rates 1920:1946 different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites 1920:1986 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 6 31 theme degradation 920:930 arg1 performances 932:943 degradation performances 920:943 degradation performances 920:943 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 3 32 theme Few 169:171 arg1 studies 173:179 Few studies 169:179 Few studies 169:179 Few studies have been conducted on the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops. 31199651 6 33 dep nanocomposites 1002:1015 arg1 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 33 dep nanocomposites 1002:1015 arg1 nanocomposites 1002:1015 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 33 dep nanocomposites 1002:1015 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 33 dep nanocomposites 1002:1015 arg1 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 33 dep nanocomposites 1002:1015 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 10 34 theme nanocomposites 1582:1595 arg1 rate 1541:1544 the degradation rate 1525:1544 the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1525:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 10 34 theme nanocomposites 1582:1595 arg1 higher 1645:1650 higher 1645:1650 higher 1645:1650 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 5 35 theme HEC 522:524 arg1 -g-P 550:553 SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P 514:553 SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM) 514:563 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 35 theme HEC 522:524 arg1 AA-co-AM 555:562 AA-co-AM 555:562 AA-co-AM 555:562 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 10 36 theme bonded 1564:1569 arg1 nanocomposites 1582:1595 the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites 1549:1595 the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1549:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 7 37 theme SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1138:1151 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 5 38 theme hydroxyethyl 527:538 arg1 HEC 522:524 HEC 522:524 HEC 522:524 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 38 theme hydroxyethyl 527:538 arg1 cellulose 540:548 hydroxyethyl cellulose 527:548 hydroxyethyl cellulose 527:548 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 9 39 theme other 1489:1493 arg1 techniques 1495:1504 other techniques 1489:1504 other techniques 1489:1504 The changes in microstructures of these materials during the degradation processes were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and other techniques. 31199651 11 40 theme water 1827:1831 arg1 properties 1844:1853 the water absorption properties 1823:1853 the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1823:1889 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 40 theme water 1827:1831 arg1 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 41 from WS 1811:1812 arg1 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 41 from WS 1811:1812 arg1 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 6 42 theme function 993:1000 arg1 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 42 theme function 993:1000 arg1 nanocomposites 1002:1015 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 42 theme function 993:1000 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 42 theme function 993:1000 arg1 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 42 theme function 993:1000 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 8 43 theme pot 1338:1340 arg1 experiment 1342:1351 a tomato pot experiment 1329:1351 a tomato pot experiment 1329:1351 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 9 44 from changes 1358:1364 arg1 microstructures 1369:1383 microstructures 1369:1383 microstructures of these materials 1369:1402 The changes in microstructures of these materials during the degradation processes were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and other techniques. 31199651 5 45 theme super-absorbent 393:407 arg1 SAPWS 418:422 super-absorbent polymers SAPWS 393:422 super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) 393:564 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 4 46 theme crop 355:358 arg1 yield 360:364 crop yield 355:364 crop yield 355:364 Water and fertilizer are the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit. 31199651 6 47 from HEC 879:881 arg1 number 841:846 number 841:846 number 841:846 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 47 from HEC 879:881 arg1 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 5 48 theme polymeric 746:754 arg1 fertilizer 769:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 48 theme polymeric 746:754 arg1 PSRF 725:728 PSRF 725:728 PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 725:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 4 49 theme important 323:331 arg1 inputs 333:338 the most important inputs 314:338 the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit 314:375 Water and fertilizer are the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit. 31199651 4 49 theme important 323:331 arg1 fertilizer 299:308 fertilizer 299:308 fertilizer 299:308 Water and fertilizer are the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit. 31199651 4 49 theme important 323:331 arg1 Water 289:293 Water 289:293 Water 289:293 Water and fertilizer are the most important inputs in determining crop yield and profit. 31199651 6 50 from groups 862:867 arg1 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 HEC 879:881 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 50 from groups 862:867 arg1 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 WS 872:873 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 11 51 theme functional 1790:1799 arg1 groups 1801:1806 functional groups 1790:1806 functional groups in WS and HEC 1790:1820 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 5 52 theme NPK-containing 731:744 arg1 fertilizer 769:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 52 theme NPK-containing 731:744 arg1 PSRF 725:728 PSRF 725:728 PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 725:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 7 53 theme 127.43 1202:1207 arg1 g/g 1209:1211 127.43 g/g 1202:1211 127.43 g/g 1202:1211 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 6 54 from WS 872:873 arg1 number 841:846 number 841:846 number 841:846 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 54 from WS 872:873 arg1 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 2 55 theme Water 122:126 arg1 Absorbency 128:137 Water Absorbency 122:137 Water Absorbency 122:137 Microscopic Structure, Water Absorbency, and Degradation Performance. 31199651 5 56 theme semi-interpenetrating 576:596 arg1 nanocomposites 625:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites 570:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) 570:780 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 56 theme semi-interpenetrating 576:596 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 56 theme semi-interpenetrating 576:596 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 6 57 theme groups 862:867 arg1 number 841:846 number 841:846 number 841:846 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 57 theme groups 862:867 arg1 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 activity 828:835 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 3 58 theme nanotechnology-based 223:242 arg1 principles 244:253 general nanotechnology-based principles 215:253 general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops 215:286 Few studies have been conducted on the use of general nanotechnology-based principles for providing nutrients to crops. 31199651 5 59 theme network 606:612 arg1 nanocomposites 625:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites 570:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) 570:780 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 59 theme network 606:612 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 59 theme network 606:612 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 60 theme wheat 434:438 arg1 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 60 theme wheat 434:438 arg1 straw 440:444 grafting wheat straw 425:444 grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM) 425:563 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 2 61 theme Degradation 144:154 arg1 Performance 156:166 Degradation Performance 144:166 Degradation Performance 144:166 Microscopic Structure, Water Absorbency, and Degradation Performance. 31199651 10 62 theme PSRF 1713:1716 arg1 system 1703:1708 the simple physically mixed system 1675:1708 the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP 1675:1724 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 9 63 theme materials 1394:1402 arg1 microstructures 1369:1383 microstructures 1369:1383 microstructures of these materials 1369:1402 The changes in microstructures of these materials during the degradation processes were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, and other techniques. 31199651 11 64 theme degradation 1930:1940 arg1 rates 1942:1946 different degradation rates 1920:1946 different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites 1920:1986 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 6 65 theme absorption 894:903 arg1 properties 905:914 water absorption properties 888:914 water absorption properties 888:914 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 11 66 theme SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1858:1870 arg1 properties 1844:1853 the water absorption properties 1823:1853 the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1823:1889 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 66 theme SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1858:1870 arg1 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 67 theme functional 1962:1971 arg1 nanocomposites 1973:1986 these two functional nanocomposites 1952:1986 these two functional nanocomposites 1952:1986 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 5 68 theme semi-IPN 615:622 arg1 nanocomposites 625:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites 570:638 their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) 570:780 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 68 theme semi-IPN 615:622 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 658:671 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 68 theme semi-IPN 615:622 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 640:652 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 10 69 theme SAP 1722:1724 arg1 system 1703:1708 the simple physically mixed system 1675:1708 the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP 1675:1724 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 5 70 theme SAPWS 704:708 arg1 bonding 693:699 chemical bonding 684:699 chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 684:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 11 71 theme SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1876:1889 arg1 properties 1844:1853 the water absorption properties 1823:1853 the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1823:1889 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 71 theme SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1876:1889 arg1 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 nanocomposites 1002:1015 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 properties 905:914 water absorption properties 888:914 water absorption properties 888:914 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 72 theme SAPHEC 958:963 arg1 performances 932:943 degradation performances 920:943 degradation performances 920:943 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 11 73 theme absorption 1833:1842 arg1 properties 1844:1853 the water absorption properties 1823:1853 the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1823:1889 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 73 theme absorption 1833:1842 arg1 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 different 1895:1903 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 0 74 theme Retention 85:93 arg1 Functions 35:43 Functions 35:43 Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention 35:93 Novel Semi-IPN Nanocomposites with Functions of both Nutrient Slow-Release and Water Retention. 31199651 5 75 theme SAPHEC 713:718 arg1 bonding 693:699 chemical bonding 684:699 chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 684:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 nanocomposites 1002:1015 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 properties 905:914 water absorption properties 888:914 water absorption properties 888:914 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 76 theme SAPWS 948:952 arg1 performances 932:943 degradation performances 920:943 degradation performances 920:943 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 11 77 from quantities 1776:1785 arg1 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 77 from quantities 1776:1785 arg1 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 8 78 from Effects 1228:1234 arg1 performances 1299:1310 their degradation performances 1281:1310 their degradation performances 1281:1310 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 11 79 dep activities 1761:1770 arg1 the 1757:1759 the 1757:1759 the 1757:1759 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 8 80 theme degradation 1287:1297 arg1 performances 1299:1310 their degradation performances 1281:1310 their degradation performances 1281:1310 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 10 81 theme functional 1571:1580 arg1 nanocomposites 1582:1595 the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites 1549:1595 the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1549:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 5 82 theme slow-release 756:767 arg1 fertilizer 769:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer 731:778 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 82 theme slow-release 756:767 arg1 PSRF 725:728 PSRF 725:728 PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer) 725:779 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 83 dep SAPWS 418:422 arg1 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 WS 447:448 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 5 83 dep SAPWS 418:422 arg1 straw 440:444 grafting wheat straw 425:444 grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM) 425:563 In this paper, super-absorbent polymers SAPWS (grafting wheat straw (WS) to poly(acrylic-co-acrylamide), which is WS-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and SAPHEC (HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose)-g-P(AA-co-AM)) and their semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC (formed by chemical bonding of SAPWS or SAPHEC with PSRF (NPK-containing polymeric slow-release fertilizer)) were prepared. 31199651 7 84 theme SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1119:1131 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 11 85 from groups 1801:1806 arg1 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 HEC 1818:1820 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 85 from groups 1801:1806 arg1 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 WS 1811:1812 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 10 86 dep SAP+PSRF 1665:1672 arg1 system 1703:1708 the simple physically mixed system 1675:1708 the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP 1675:1724 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 10 87 theme semi-IPN 1604:1611 arg1 system 1635:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 7 88 theme SAPHEC 1111:1116 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 6 89 theme bonded 986:991 arg1 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 SAPHEC 958:963 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 89 theme bonded 986:991 arg1 nanocomposites 1002:1015 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 969:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 89 theme bonded 986:991 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1035:1048 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 89 theme bonded 986:991 arg1 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 SAPWS 948:952 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 6 89 theme bonded 986:991 arg1 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 SI-PSRF/SAPWS 1017:1029 Due to the differences between activity and number of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties and degradation performances of SAPWS and SAPHEC and their chemically bonded function nanocomposites SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different. 31199651 8 90 theme tomato 1331:1336 arg1 experiment 1342:1351 a tomato pot experiment 1329:1351 a tomato pot experiment 1329:1351 Effects of the structures of these four materials on their degradation performances were studied via a tomato pot experiment. 31199651 7 91 theme SAPWS 1104:1108 arg1 ratios 1094:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios 1065:1099 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC 1065:1151 The maximum water absorption ratios of SAPWS, SAPHEC, SI-PSRF/SAPWS, and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC can reach 200.00 g/g, 240.00 g/g, 119.91g/g, and 127.43 g/g, respectively. 31199651 10 92 theme SI-PSRF/SAP 1623:1633 arg1 system 1635:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system 1602:1640 Results show that the degradation rate of the chemically bonded functional nanocomposites with a semi-IPN structure SI-PSRF/SAP system is higher than that of SAP+PSRF (the simple physically mixed system of PSRF and SAP). 31199651 11 93 theme groups 1801:1806 arg1 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 activities 1761:1770 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 31199651 11 93 theme groups 1801:1806 arg1 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 quantities 1776:1785 Due to the differences among the activities and quantities of functional groups in WS and HEC, the water absorption properties of SI-PSRF/SAPWS and SI-PSRF/SAPHEC are different, and there are different degradation rates for these two functional nanocomposites. 30816638 6 0 theme reagents 923:930 arg1 selection 897:905 The selection 893:905 The selection of carriers and reagents 893:930 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 9 1 theme highest 1320:1326 arg1 yields 1334:1339 their highest scFOS yields 1314:1339 their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61% 1314:1358 The CA, AI900 immobilized and the free enzymes recorded their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61%, respectively. 30816638 0 2 theme novel 65:69 arg1 β-fructofuranosidase 83:102 a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase 63:102 a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 63:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 0 3 from IRA 10:12 arg1 immobilization 45:58 immobilization 45:58 immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 45:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 9 4 theme % 1358:1358 arg1 yields 1334:1339 their highest scFOS yields 1314:1339 their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61% 1314:1358 The CA, AI900 immobilized and the free enzymes recorded their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61%, respectively. 30816638 2 5 theme technique 380:388 arg1 key 395:397 key 395:397 key 395:397 However, the choice of carrier and immobilization technique is a key to achieving that efficiency. 30816638 2 5 theme technique 380:388 arg1 choice 343:348 the choice 339:348 the choice of carrier and immobilization technique 339:388 However, the choice of carrier and immobilization technique is a key to achieving that efficiency. 30816638 10 6 theme batch 1461:1465 arg1 cycles 1467:1472 12 batch cycles 1458:1472 12 batch cycles 1458:1472 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 0 7 theme β-fructofuranosidase 83:102 arg1 immobilization 45:58 immobilization 45:58 immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 45:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 6 8 theme carriers 910:917 arg1 selection 897:905 The selection 893:905 The selection of carriers and reagents 893:930 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 7 9 theme 62 1106:1107 arg1 % 1108:1108 82 and 62% 1099:1108 % 1108:1108 The CA and AI900 both recorded impressive immobilization yields of 82 and 62%, respectively, while the DMM recorded 47%. 30816638 11 10 from savings 1731:1737 arg1 cost 1742:1745 cost 1742:1745 cost of immobilization 1742:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 4 11 theme Several 651:657 arg1 parameters 674:683 Several immobilization parameters 651:683 Several immobilization parameters 651:683 Several immobilization parameters were estimated to ascertain the effectiveness of the carriers in immobilizing the enzyme. 30816638 1 12 theme efficient 296:304 arg1 use 306:308 a more efficient use 289:308 a more efficient use of the biocatalyst 289:327 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 10 13 theme immobilized 1489:1499 arg1 enzyme 1501:1506 the CA immobilized enzyme 1482:1506 the CA immobilized enzyme 1482:1506 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 11 14 theme scFOS 1598:1602 arg1 production 1604:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 5 15 theme scFOS 861:865 arg1 yield 852:856 the yield 848:856 the yield of scFOS produced and reusability 848:890 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts are compared in terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability. 30816638 0 16 theme short-chain 108:118 arg1 synthesis 142:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis 108:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 108:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 9 17 theme scFOS 1328:1332 arg1 yields 1334:1339 their highest scFOS yields 1314:1339 their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61% 1314:1358 The CA, AI900 immobilized and the free enzymes recorded their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61%, respectively. 30816638 7 18 theme 82 1099:1100 arg1 % 1108:1108 82 and 62% 1099:1108 % 1108:1108 The CA and AI900 both recorded impressive immobilization yields of 82 and 62%, respectively, while the DMM recorded 47%. 30816638 3 19 theme Amberlite 467:475 arg1 alginate 452:459 calcium alginate 444:459 calcium alginate (CA) 444:464 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 19 theme Amberlite 467:475 arg1 IRA 477:479 Amberlite IRA 900 467:483 Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) 467:491 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 19 theme Amberlite 467:475 arg1 AI900 486:490 AI900 486:490 AI900 486:490 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 19 theme Amberlite 467:475 arg1 MSA 512:514 Dowex Marathon MSA 497:514 Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) 497:520 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 19 theme Amberlite 467:475 arg1 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 11 20 theme technical 1777:1785 arg1 difficulty 1787:1796 technical difficulty 1777:1796 technical difficulty 1777:1796 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 1 21 theme β-fructofuranosidase 188:207 arg1 immobilization 170:183 The immobilization 166:183 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 166:263 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 6 22 theme application 978:988 arg1 safety 968:973 safety 968:973 safety of application in the production of food-grade products 968:1029 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 8 23 theme Enzyme 1153:1158 arg1 immobilizations 1160:1174 Enzyme immobilizations 1153:1174 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM 1153:1195 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 11 24 from record 1573:1578 arg1 production 1604:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 11 25 from production 1604:1613 arg1 record 1573:1578 its first record 1563:1578 its first record of application in scFOS production 1563:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 11 26 theme possible 1722:1729 arg1 savings 1731:1737 possible savings 1722:1737 possible savings on cost of immobilization 1722:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 11 27 theme adequate 1673:1680 arg1 carrier 1682:1688 an adequate carrier 1670:1688 an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization 1670:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 1 28 theme short-chain 213:223 arg1 synthesis 255:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 0 29 theme Amberlite 0:8 arg1 IRA 10:12 Amberlite IRA 900 0:16 Amberlite IRA 900 0:16 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 11 30 theme anion 1626:1630 arg1 resin 1641:1645 the AI900 anion exchange resin 1616:1645 the AI900 anion exchange resin 1616:1645 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 8 31 theme activity 1204:1211 arg1 recoveries 1213:1222 activity recoveries 1204:1222 activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17% 1204:1241 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 7 32 theme recorded 1054:1061 arg1 immobilization 1074:1087 recorded impressive immobilization 1054:1087 recorded impressive immobilization 1054:1087 The CA and AI900 both recorded impressive immobilization yields of 82 and 62%, respectively, while the DMM recorded 47%. 30816638 0 33 dep novel 65:69 arg1 engineered 72:81 engineered 72:81 engineered 72:81 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 3 34 theme calcium 444:450 arg1 alginate 452:459 calcium alginate 444:459 calcium alginate (CA) 444:464 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 34 theme calcium 444:450 arg1 MSA 512:514 Dowex Marathon MSA 497:514 Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) 497:520 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 34 theme calcium 444:450 arg1 IRA 477:479 Amberlite IRA 900 467:483 Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) 467:491 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 34 theme calcium 444:450 arg1 CA 462:463 CA 462:463 CA 462:463 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 34 theme calcium 444:450 arg1 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 10 35 theme CA 1486:1487 arg1 enzyme 1501:1506 the CA immobilized enzyme 1482:1506 the CA immobilized enzyme 1482:1506 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 10 36 theme consistent 1536:1545 arg1 yield 1553:1557 a consistent scFOS yield 1534:1557 a consistent scFOS yield 1534:1557 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 7 37 theme impressive 1063:1072 arg1 immobilization 1074:1087 recorded impressive immobilization 1054:1087 recorded impressive immobilization 1054:1087 The CA and AI900 both recorded impressive immobilization yields of 82 and 62%, respectively, while the DMM recorded 47%. 30816638 4 38 theme carriers 738:745 arg1 effectiveness 717:729 the effectiveness 713:729 the effectiveness of the carriers in immobilizing the enzyme 713:772 Several immobilization parameters were estimated to ascertain the effectiveness of the carriers in immobilizing the enzyme. 30816638 1 39 theme biocatalyst 317:327 arg1 use 306:308 a more efficient use 289:308 a more efficient use of the biocatalyst 289:327 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 0 40 theme fructooligosaccharide 120:140 arg1 synthesis 142:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis 108:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 108:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 3 41 theme scFOS 634:638 arg1 synthesis 640:648 scFOS synthesis 634:648 scFOS synthesis 634:648 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 11 42 theme immobilization 1750:1763 arg1 cost 1742:1745 cost 1742:1745 cost of immobilization 1742:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 1 43 theme scFOS 248:252 arg1 synthesis 255:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 10 44 theme batch 1516:1520 arg1 cycles 1522:1527 only 6 batch cycles 1509:1527 only 6 batch cycles 1509:1527 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 10 45 theme immobilized 1385:1395 arg1 enzyme 1397:1402 The AI900 immobilized enzyme 1375:1402 The AI900 immobilized enzyme 1375:1402 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 11 46 with application 1705:1715 arg1 savings 1731:1737 possible savings 1722:1737 possible savings on cost of immobilization 1722:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 1 47 theme fructooligosaccharide 225:245 arg1 synthesis 255:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis 213:263 The immobilization of β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) synthesis holds the potential for a more efficient use of the biocatalyst. 30816638 5 48 theme yield 852:856 arg1 terms 839:843 terms 839:843 terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability 839:890 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts are compared in terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability. 30816638 0 49 theme calcium 25:31 arg1 alginate 33:40 calcium alginate 25:40 calcium alginate 25:40 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 6 50 from safety 968:973 arg1 production 997:1006 the production 993:1006 the production of food-grade products 993:1029 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 3 51 theme novel 565:569 arg1 β-fructofuranosidase 582:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase 563:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis 563:648 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 10 52 theme scFOS 1547:1551 arg1 yield 1553:1557 a consistent scFOS yield 1534:1557 a consistent scFOS yield 1534:1557 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 5 53 theme immobilized 798:808 arg1 biocatalysts 810:821 the immobilized biocatalysts 794:821 the immobilized biocatalysts 794:821 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts are compared in terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability. 30816638 3 54 from japonicus 620:628 arg1 β-fructofuranosidase 582:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase 563:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis 563:648 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 11 55 theme first 1567:1571 arg1 record 1573:1578 its first record 1563:1578 its first record of application in scFOS production 1563:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 2 56 theme immobilization 365:378 arg1 technique 380:388 immobilization technique 365:388 immobilization technique 365:388 However, the choice of carrier and immobilization technique is a key to achieving that efficiency. 30816638 5 57 theme biocatalysts 810:821 arg1 performance 779:789 The performance 775:789 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts 775:821 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts are compared in terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability. 30816638 10 58 theme scFOS 1426:1430 arg1 yield 1432:1436 a consistent scFOS yield 1413:1436 a consistent scFOS yield 1413:1436 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 8 59 from immobilizations 1160:1174 arg1 AI900 1183:1187 AI900 1183:1187 AI900 1183:1187 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 8 59 from immobilizations 1160:1174 arg1 CA 1179:1180 CA 1179:1180 CA 1179:1180 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 8 59 from immobilizations 1160:1174 arg1 DMM 1193:1195 DMM 1193:1195 DMM 1193:1195 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 4 60 theme immobilization 659:672 arg1 parameters 674:683 Several immobilization parameters 651:683 Several immobilization parameters 651:683 Several immobilization parameters were estimated to ascertain the effectiveness of the carriers in immobilizing the enzyme. 30816638 11 61 theme industrial 1694:1703 arg1 application 1705:1715 industrial application 1694:1715 industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization 1694:1763 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 10 62 theme consistent 1415:1424 arg1 yield 1432:1436 a consistent scFOS yield 1413:1436 a consistent scFOS yield 1413:1436 The AI900 immobilized enzyme produced a consistent scFOS yield and composition for 12 batch cycles but for the CA immobilized enzyme, only 6 batch cycles gave a consistent scFOS yield. 30816638 2 63 theme carrier 353:359 arg1 key 395:397 key 395:397 key 395:397 However, the choice of carrier and immobilization technique is a key to achieving that efficiency. 30816638 2 63 theme carrier 353:359 arg1 choice 343:348 the choice 339:348 the choice of carrier and immobilization technique 339:388 However, the choice of carrier and immobilization technique is a key to achieving that efficiency. 30816638 5 64 theme reusability 880:890 arg1 yield 852:856 the yield 848:856 the yield of scFOS produced and reusability 848:890 The performance of the immobilized biocatalysts are compared in terms of the yield of scFOS produced and reusability. 30816638 0 65 from sucrose 157:163 arg1 synthesis 142:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis 108:150 short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose 108:163 Amberlite IRA 900 versus calcium alginate in immobilization of a novel, engineered β-fructofuranosidase for short-chain fructooligosaccharide synthesis from sucrose. 30816638 11 66 theme application 1583:1593 arg1 record 1573:1578 its first record 1563:1578 its first record of application in scFOS production 1563:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 8 67 theme % 1241:1241 arg1 recoveries 1213:1222 activity recoveries 1204:1222 activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17% 1204:1241 Enzyme immobilizations on CA, AI900 and DMM showed activity recoveries of 23, 27, and 17%, respectively. 30816638 6 68 theme products 1022:1029 arg1 production 997:1006 the production 993:1006 the production of food-grade products 993:1029 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 11 69 from application 1583:1593 arg1 production 1604:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 scFOS production 1598:1613 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 3 70 theme engineered 571:580 arg1 β-fructofuranosidase 582:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase 563:601 a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis 563:648 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 71 theme Dowex 497:501 arg1 DMM 517:519 DMM 517:519 DMM 517:519 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 71 theme Dowex 497:501 arg1 alginate 452:459 calcium alginate 444:459 calcium alginate (CA) 444:464 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 71 theme Dowex 497:501 arg1 MSA 512:514 Dowex Marathon MSA 497:514 Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) 497:520 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 71 theme Dowex 497:501 arg1 IRA 477:479 Amberlite IRA 900 467:483 Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) 467:491 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 71 theme Dowex 497:501 arg1 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 6 72 theme food-grade 1011:1020 arg1 products 1022:1029 food-grade products 1011:1029 food-grade products 1011:1029 The selection of carriers and reagents was motivated by the need to ensure safety of application in the production of food-grade products. 30816638 11 73 theme exchange 1632:1639 arg1 resin 1641:1645 the AI900 anion exchange resin 1616:1645 the AI900 anion exchange resin 1616:1645 In its first record of application in scFOS production, the AI900 anion exchange resin exhibited potential as an adequate carrier for industrial application with possible savings on cost of immobilization and reduced technical difficulty. 30816638 3 74 theme Marathon 503:510 arg1 DMM 517:519 DMM 517:519 DMM 517:519 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 74 theme Marathon 503:510 arg1 alginate 452:459 calcium alginate 444:459 calcium alginate (CA) 444:464 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 74 theme Marathon 503:510 arg1 MSA 512:514 Dowex Marathon MSA 497:514 Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) 497:520 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 74 theme Marathon 503:510 arg1 IRA 477:479 Amberlite IRA 900 467:483 Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) 467:491 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 3 74 theme Marathon 503:510 arg1 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 supports 537:544 In this study, calcium alginate (CA), Amberlite IRA 900 (AI900) and Dowex Marathon MSA (DMM) were tested as supports for immobilizing a novel engineered β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus japonicus for scFOS synthesis. 30816638 9 75 theme free 1292:1295 arg1 enzymes 1297:1303 the free enzymes 1288:1303 the free enzymes 1288:1303 The CA, AI900 immobilized and the free enzymes recorded their highest scFOS yields of 59, 53, and 61%, respectively. 32228940 8 0 theme growth 1044:1049 arg1 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 0 theme growth 1044:1049 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 0 theme growth 1044:1049 arg1 factor 1051:1056 platelet-derived growth factor 1027:1056 platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 1027:1063 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 4 1 theme containing 575:584 arg1 cells 598:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 11 2 theme neural 1572:1577 arg1 engineering 1586:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 5 3 theme Schwann 634:640 arg1 rate 656:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 5 3 theme Schwann 634:640 arg1 % 677:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 11 4 theme 3D 1472:1473 arg1 scaffold 1496:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 4 5 theme Schwann 590:596 arg1 cells 598:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 5 6 theme survival 647:654 arg1 rate 656:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 5 6 theme survival 647:654 arg1 % 677:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 2 7 theme autologous 264:273 arg1 " 261:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 7 theme autologous 264:273 arg1 transplantation 281:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 8 theme " 261:261 arg1 effect 233:238 the repair effect 222:238 the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, 222:296 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 8 theme " 261:261 arg1 unsatisfactory 301:314 unsatisfactory 301:314 unsatisfactory 301:314 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 8 9 theme 3D 1120:1121 arg1 culture 1143:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 11 10 theme composite 1486:1494 arg1 scaffold 1496:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 1 11 theme function 196:203 arg1 loss 205:208 function loss 196:208 function loss 196:208 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 8 12 theme mRNA 919:922 arg1 higher 1106:1111 higher 1106:1111 higher 1106:1111 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 12 theme mRNA 919:922 arg1 levels 924:929 the mRNA levels 915:929 the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells 915:1099 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 13 theme scaffold 1134:1141 arg1 culture 1143:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 14 theme Schwann 1087:1093 arg1 cells 1095:1099 Schwann cells 1087:1099 Schwann cells 1087:1099 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 4 15 dep containing 575:584 arg1 hydrogel 566:573 hydrogel 566:573 hydrogel 566:573 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 4 15 dep containing 575:584 arg1 gelatin/alginate 549:564 gelatin/alginate 549:564 gelatin/alginate 549:564 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 8 16 theme 2D 1159:1160 arg1 culture 1162:1168 2D culture 1159:1168 2D culture 1159:1168 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 1 17 theme nerve 130:134 arg1 injuries 136:143 Peripheral nerve injuries 119:143 Peripheral nerve injuries 119:143 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 2 18 theme gold 248:251 arg1 " 261:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 18 theme gold 248:251 arg1 transplantation 281:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 7 19 theme culture 891:897 arg1 group 899:903 2D culture group 888:903 2D culture group 888:903 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 1 20 theme different 157:165 arg1 degrees 167:173 different degrees 157:173 different degrees of sensory and motor function loss 157:208 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 10 21 theme 3D 1343:1344 arg1 scaffold 1404:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 0 22 theme bioprinted 57:66 arg1 scaffold 109:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 4 23 theme 3D 492:493 arg1 bioprinting 495:505 3D bioprinting 492:505 3D bioprinting 492:505 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 0 24 theme alginate/rat 83:94 arg1 scaffold 109:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 10 25 theme composite 1394:1402 arg1 scaffold 1404:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 0 26 theme scaffold 109:116 arg1 evaluation 38:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation 0:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 0:117 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 8 27 theme neurotrophic 953:964 arg1 factor 966:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 939:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 939:978 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 27 theme neurotrophic 953:964 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 27 theme neurotrophic 953:964 arg1 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 7 28 theme factor 870:875 arg1 levels 847:852 higher levels 840:852 higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) 840:881 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 10 29 theme gelatin-sodium 1357:1370 arg1 scaffold 1404:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 3 30 theme achieving 408:416 arg1 personalization 418:432 personalization 418:432 personalization 418:432 Tissue engineering has the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth, but achieving personalization and precision remains a challenge. 32228940 0 31 theme In 0:1 arg1 evaluation 38:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation 0:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 0:117 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 7 32 theme nerve 857:861 arg1 factor 870:875 nerve growth factor 857:875 nerve growth factor (NGF) 857:881 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 7 32 theme nerve 857:861 arg1 NGF 878:880 NGF 878:880 NGF 878:880 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 4 33 used used 487:490 arg2 we 484:485 we 484:485 we 484:485 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 9 34 theme cell-containing 1206:1220 arg1 scaffold 1222:1229 the cell-containing scaffold 1202:1229 the cell-containing scaffold 1202:1229 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 32228940 8 35 theme glial-derived 981:993 arg1 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 35 theme glial-derived 981:993 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 35 theme glial-derived 981:993 arg1 factor 1008:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor 981:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) 981:1020 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 1 36 dep sensory 178:184 arg1 loss 205:208 function loss 196:208 function loss 196:208 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 9 37 theme partial 1244:1250 arg1 structure 1260:1268 partial lattice structure 1244:1268 partial lattice structure 1244:1268 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 32228940 10 38 theme related 1440:1446 arg1 expression 1455:1464 related factor expression 1440:1464 related factor expression 1440:1464 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 7 39 theme higher 840:845 arg1 levels 847:852 higher levels 840:852 higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) 840:881 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 9 40 theme positive 1274:1281 arg1 immunofluorescence 1290:1307 positive S-100β immunofluorescence 1274:1307 positive S-100β immunofluorescence 1274:1307 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 32228940 0 41 dep In 0:1 arg1 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 vitro 3:7 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 3 42 contain has 336:338 arg1 engineering 324:334 Tissue engineering 317:334 Tissue engineering 317:334 Tissue engineering has the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth, but achieving personalization and precision remains a challenge. 32228940 3 42 contain has 336:338 arg2 potential 344:352 the potential 340:352 the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth 340:401 Tissue engineering has the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth, but achieving personalization and precision remains a challenge. 32228940 11 43 theme promising 1549:1557 arg1 candidate 1559:1567 a promising candidate 1547:1567 a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering 1547:1596 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 8 44 theme platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 44 theme platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 44 theme platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 factor 1051:1056 platelet-derived growth factor 1027:1056 platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 1027:1063 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 11 45 theme tissue 1579:1584 arg1 engineering 1586:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 5 46 theme cell 642:645 arg1 rate 656:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 the Schwann cell survival rate 630:659 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 5 46 theme cell 642:645 arg1 % 677:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 91.87 ± 0.55% 665:677 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 11 47 theme bioprinted 1475:1484 arg1 scaffold 1496:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold 1467:1503 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 2 48 theme nerve 275:279 arg1 " 261:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 48 theme nerve 275:279 arg1 transplantation 281:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 7 49 theme 3D 808:809 arg1 scaffold 822:829 the 3D bioprinted scaffold 804:829 the 3D bioprinted scaffold 804:829 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 4 50 theme rat 586:588 arg1 cells 598:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 549:602 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 8 51 link glial-derived 981:993 arg1 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 51 link glial-derived 981:993 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 51 link glial-derived 981:993 arg1 factor 1008:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor 981:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) 981:1020 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 1 52 theme sensory 178:184 arg1 degrees 167:173 different degrees 157:173 different degrees of sensory and motor function loss 157:208 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 11 53 theme good 1512:1515 arg1 biocompatibility 1517:1532 good biocompatibility 1512:1532 good biocompatibility 1512:1532 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 11 54 from candidate 1559:1567 arg1 engineering 1586:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 neural tissue engineering 1572:1596 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 11 54 from candidate 1559:1567 arg1 future 1605:1610 future 1605:1610 future 1605:1610 This 3D bioprinted composite scaffold showed good biocompatibility and could be a promising candidate in neural tissue engineering in the future. 32228940 1 55 theme motor 190:194 arg1 degrees 167:173 different degrees 157:173 different degrees of sensory and motor function loss 157:208 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 8 56 theme bioprinted 1123:1132 arg1 culture 1143:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture 1116:1149 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 2 57 theme repair 226:231 arg1 effect 233:238 the repair effect 222:238 the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, 222:296 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 57 theme repair 226:231 arg1 unsatisfactory 301:314 unsatisfactory 301:314 unsatisfactory 301:314 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 8 58 link platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 PDGF 1059:1062 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 58 link platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 58 link platelet-derived 1027:1042 arg1 factor 1051:1056 platelet-derived growth factor 1027:1056 platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 1027:1063 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 1 59 theme Peripheral 119:128 arg1 injuries 136:143 Peripheral nerve injuries 119:143 Peripheral nerve injuries 119:143 Peripheral nerve injuries often cause different degrees of sensory and motor function loss. 32228940 2 60 theme standard 253:260 arg1 " 261:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 the "gold standard" 243:261 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 2 60 theme standard 253:260 arg1 transplantation 281:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 autologous nerve transplantation 264:295 Currently, the repair effect of the "gold standard", autologous nerve transplantation, is unsatisfactory. 32228940 0 61 theme 3D 54:55 arg1 scaffold 109:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 0 62 theme gelatin-sodium 68:81 arg1 scaffold 109:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 8 63 theme NGF 934:936 arg1 higher 1106:1111 higher 1106:1111 higher 1106:1111 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 63 theme NGF 934:936 arg1 levels 924:929 the mRNA levels 915:929 the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells 915:1099 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 3 64 theme Tissue 317:322 arg1 engineering 324:334 Tissue engineering 317:334 Tissue engineering 317:334 Tissue engineering has the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth, but achieving personalization and precision remains a challenge. 32228940 0 65 theme Schwann-cell 96:107 arg1 scaffold 109:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold 52:116 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 8 66 theme brain-derived 939:951 arg1 factor 966:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 939:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 939:978 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 66 theme brain-derived 939:951 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 66 theme brain-derived 939:951 arg1 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 7 67 theme 2D 888:889 arg1 group 899:903 2D culture group 888:903 2D culture group 888:903 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 3 68 theme tissue 357:362 arg1 manipulation 364:375 tissue manipulation 357:375 tissue manipulation 357:375 Tissue engineering has the potential to tissue manipulation, regeneration, and growth, but achieving personalization and precision remains a challenge. 32228940 10 69 theme alginate/Schwann-cell 1372:1392 arg1 scaffold 1404:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 9 70 theme implantation 1188:1199 arg1 4 weeks 1177:1183 4 weeks 1177:1183 4 weeks of implantation 1177:1199 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 32228940 10 71 theme bioprinted 1346:1355 arg1 scaffold 1404:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold 1339:1411 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 0 72 theme in 13:14 arg1 evaluation 38:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation 0:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 0:117 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 7 73 theme growth 863:868 arg1 factor 870:875 nerve growth factor 857:875 nerve growth factor (NGF) 857:881 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 7 73 theme growth 863:868 arg1 NGF 878:880 NGF 878:880 NGF 878:880 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 10 74 theme cell 1422:1425 arg1 adhesion 1427:1434 cell adhesion 1422:1434 cell adhesion 1422:1434 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 0 75 theme biocompatibility 21:36 arg1 evaluation 38:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation 0:47 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 0:117 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 8 76 theme neurotrophic 995:1006 arg1 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 GDNF 1016:1019 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 76 theme neurotrophic 995:1006 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 76 theme neurotrophic 995:1006 arg1 factor 1008:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor 981:1013 glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) 981:1020 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 4 77 theme nerve 522:526 arg1 scaffold 528:535 a nerve scaffold 520:535 a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells 520:602 In this study, we used 3D bioprinting to construct a nerve scaffold composed of gelatin/alginate hydrogel containing rat Schwann cells. 32228940 10 78 theme factor 1448:1453 arg1 expression 1455:1464 related factor expression 1440:1464 related factor expression 1440:1464 These results indicated that the 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/Schwann-cell composite scaffold improved cell adhesion and related factor expression. 32228940 8 79 link brain-derived 939:951 arg1 factor 966:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 939:971 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 939:978 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 79 link brain-derived 939:951 arg1 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 NGF 934:936 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 8 79 link brain-derived 939:951 arg1 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 BDNF 974:977 Further, the mRNA levels of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expressed on day 4 by Schwann cells were higher in the 3D bioprinted scaffold culture than in 2D culture. 32228940 9 80 theme lattice 1252:1258 arg1 structure 1260:1268 partial lattice structure 1244:1268 partial lattice structure 1244:1268 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 32228940 0 81 dep in 13:14 arg1 vivo 16:19 vivo 16:19 vivo 16:19 In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation of a 3D bioprinted gelatin-sodium alginate/rat Schwann-cell scaffold. 32228940 5 82 from % 677:677 arg1 day 608:610 day 1 608:612 day 1 after printing 608:627 On day 1 after printing, the Schwann cell survival rate was 91.87 ± 0.55%. 32228940 6 83 attach attached 746:753 arg1 surface 762:768 the surface 758:768 the surface of the scaffold 758:784 Cells could be cultured in the hydrogel for 7 days, and were well attached to the surface of the scaffold. 32228940 6 83 attach attached 746:753 arg2 Cells 680:684 Cells 680:684 Cells 680:684 Cells could be cultured in the hydrogel for 7 days, and were well attached to the surface of the scaffold. 32228940 6 84 theme scaffold 777:784 arg1 surface 762:768 the surface 758:768 the surface of the scaffold 758:784 Cells could be cultured in the hydrogel for 7 days, and were well attached to the surface of the scaffold. 32228940 7 85 theme bioprinted 811:820 arg1 scaffold 822:829 the 3D bioprinted scaffold 804:829 the 3D bioprinted scaffold 804:829 On days 4 and 7, the 3D bioprinted scaffold released higher levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) than 2D culture group. 32228940 9 86 theme S-100β 1283:1288 arg1 immunofluorescence 1290:1307 positive S-100β immunofluorescence 1274:1307 positive S-100β immunofluorescence 1274:1307 After 4 weeks of implantation, the cell-containing scaffold still showed partial lattice structure and positive S-100β immunofluorescence. 29807074 0 0 theme cinnarizine 68:78 arg1 tablet 80:85 buoyant cinnarizine tablet 60:85 buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 60:123 A QbD approach for the fabrication of immediate and prolong buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum. 29807074 8 1 theme in-vivo 1019:1025 arg1 performance 1050:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 7 2 theme sodium 896:901 arg1 bi‑carbonate 903:914 sodium bi‑carbonate 896:914 sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) 896:922 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 7 2 theme sodium 896:901 arg1 % 921:921 12.9% 917:921 12.9% 917:921 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 8 3 theme animal 1027:1032 arg1 performance 1050:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 9 4 theme optimized 1197:1205 arg1 formulation 1207:1217 optimized formulation 1197:1217 optimized formulation 1197:1217 Interestingly, the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation was 3 times enhanced than from CNZ suspension. 29807074 4 5 theme central 564:570 arg1 design 582:587 The central composite design 560:587 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor 560:631 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor was choosen to optimize conc. 29807074 0 6 theme buoyant 60:66 arg1 tablet 80:85 buoyant cinnarizine tablet 60:85 buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 60:123 A QbD approach for the fabrication of immediate and prolong buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum. 29807074 9 7 theme CNZ 1188:1190 arg1 absorption 1174:1183 the absorption 1170:1183 the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation 1170:1217 Interestingly, the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation was 3 times enhanced than from CNZ suspension. 29807074 7 8 theme optimized 992:1000 arg1 formulation 1002:1012 an optimized formulation 989:1012 an optimized formulation 989:1012 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 6 9 theme bioadhesive 749:759 arg1 strength 761:768 The bioadhesive strength 745:768 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet 745:784 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 6 9 theme bioadhesive 749:759 arg1 times 794:798 times 794:798 times 794:798 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 1 10 theme oral 149:152 arg1 delivery 154:161 the oral delivery 145:161 the oral delivery of cinnarizine 145:176 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 8 11 theme pharmacokinetic 1034:1048 arg1 performance 1050:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance 1015:1060 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 9 12 dep enhanced 1231:1238 arg1 times 1225:1229 3 times 1223:1229 3 times 1223:1229 Interestingly, the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation was 3 times enhanced than from CNZ suspension. 29807074 11 13 theme swelling 1408:1415 arg1 floating 1428:1435 the swelling associated floating 1404:1435 the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet 1404:1477 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 11 14 theme imaging 1501:1507 arg1 studies 1509:1515 X-ray imaging studies 1495:1515 X-ray imaging studies 1495:1515 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 1 15 theme oral 260:263 arg1 bioavailability 265:279 the oral bioavailability 256:279 the oral bioavailability 256:279 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 X3 740:741 X3 740:741 X3 740:741 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 concentration 678:690 concentration 678:690 concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) 678:705 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 type 711:714 type 711:714 type of effervescent agents (X3) 711:742 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 p-CFG 666:670 p-CFG 666:670 p-CFG (X1) 666:675 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 X2 703:704 X2 703:704 X2 703:704 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 16 theme NaHCO3 695:700 arg1 X1 673:674 X1 673:674 X1 673:674 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 6 17 theme containing 821:830 arg1 tablet 832:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 10 18 theme CNZ 1322:1324 arg1 bioavailability 1303:1317 the oral bioavailability 1294:1317 the oral bioavailability of CNZ 1294:1324 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 1 19 from hurdle 135:140 arg1 delivery 154:161 the oral delivery 145:161 the oral delivery of cinnarizine 145:176 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 3 20 theme used 537:540 arg1 polymer 551:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 21 theme mucoadhesive 469:480 arg1 gum 438:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 410:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) 410:448 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 21 theme mucoadhesive 469:480 arg1 polymer 496:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 0 22 theme fibre 115:119 arg1 gum 121:123 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 93:123 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 93:123 A QbD approach for the fabrication of immediate and prolong buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum. 29807074 6 23 theme K4M 817:819 arg1 tablet 832:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 11 24 theme associated 1417:1426 arg1 floating 1428:1435 the swelling associated floating 1404:1435 the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet 1404:1477 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 3 25 theme polyacrylamide-g-corn 410:430 arg1 gum 438:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 410:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) 410:448 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 25 theme polyacrylamide-g-corn 410:430 arg1 p-CFG 443:447 p-CFG 443:447 p-CFG 443:447 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 25 theme polyacrylamide-g-corn 410:430 arg1 polymer 496:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 0 26 theme polyacrylamide-g-corn 93:113 arg1 gum 121:123 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 93:123 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 93:123 A QbD approach for the fabrication of immediate and prolong buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum. 29807074 6 27 theme HPMC 812:815 arg1 tablet 832:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 HPMC K4M containing tablet 812:837 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 7 28 theme maximum 966:972 arg1 requirement 974:984 the maximum requirement 962:984 the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation 962:1012 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 2 29 theme cinnarizine 379:389 arg1 tablet 369:374 buoyant tablet 361:374 buoyant tablet of cinnarizine 361:389 To overcome this problem, an attempt was made to develop immediate and prolong buoyant tablet of cinnarizine. 29807074 8 30 theme plasma 1078:1083 arg1 half-life 1085:1093 larger plasma half-life 1071:1093 larger plasma half-life 1071:1093 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 10 31 from enhancement 1279:1289 arg1 bioavailability 1303:1317 the oral bioavailability 1294:1317 the oral bioavailability of CNZ 1294:1324 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 1 32 theme cinnarizine 166:176 arg1 delivery 154:161 the oral delivery 145:161 the oral delivery of cinnarizine 145:176 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 8 33 theme larger 1071:1076 arg1 half-life 1085:1093 larger plasma half-life 1071:1093 larger plasma half-life 1071:1093 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 8 34 theme elimination 1107:1117 arg1 rate 1119:1122 elimination rate 1107:1122 elimination rate 1107:1122 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 10 35 theme oral 1298:1301 arg1 bioavailability 1303:1317 the oral bioavailability 1294:1317 the oral bioavailability of CNZ 1294:1324 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 3 36 theme fibre 432:436 arg1 gum 438:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 410:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) 410:448 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 36 theme fibre 432:436 arg1 p-CFG 443:447 p-CFG 443:447 p-CFG 443:447 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 36 theme fibre 432:436 arg1 polymer 496:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 11 37 theme mucoadhesive 1449:1460 arg1 nature 1462:1467 mucoadhesive nature 1449:1467 mucoadhesive nature of tablet 1449:1477 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 3 38 theme HPMC 542:545 arg1 polymer 551:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 4 39 theme categorical 614:624 arg1 factor 626:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor was choosen to optimize conc. 29807074 9 40 from formulation 1207:1217 arg1 absorption 1174:1183 the absorption 1170:1183 the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation 1170:1217 Interestingly, the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation was 3 times enhanced than from CNZ suspension. 29807074 10 41 theme residence 1375:1383 arg1 time 1385:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 3 42 theme K4M 547:549 arg1 polymer 551:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 already used HPMC K4M polymer 529:557 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 5 43 theme effervescent 719:730 arg1 agents 732:737 effervescent agents 719:737 effervescent agents 719:737 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 10 44 theme gastric 1367:1373 arg1 time 1385:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 8 45 theme CNZ 1139:1141 arg1 suspension 1143:1152 CNZ suspension 1139:1152 CNZ suspension 1139:1152 The in-vivo animal pharmacokinetic performance revealed larger plasma half-life and reduced elimination rate as compared to CNZ suspension. 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 X3 740:741 X3 740:741 X3 740:741 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 concentration 678:690 concentration 678:690 concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) 678:705 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 type 711:714 type 711:714 type of effervescent agents (X3) 711:742 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 p-CFG 666:670 p-CFG 666:670 p-CFG (X1) 666:675 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 X2 703:704 X2 703:704 X2 703:704 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 5 46 theme agents 732:737 arg1 X1 673:674 X1 673:674 X1 673:674 of p-CFG (X1), concentration of NaHCO3 (X2) and type of effervescent agents (X3). 29807074 9 47 theme CNZ 1250:1252 arg1 suspension 1254:1263 CNZ suspension 1250:1263 CNZ suspension 1250:1263 Interestingly, the absorption of CNZ from optimized formulation was 3 times enhanced than from CNZ suspension. 29807074 10 48 theme prolonged 1357:1365 arg1 time 1385:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 its prolonged gastric residence time 1353:1388 Overall, the enhancement in the oral bioavailability of CNZ was evident that is due to its prolonged gastric residence time. 29807074 6 49 theme 2.4 790:792 arg1 strength 761:768 The bioadhesive strength 745:768 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet 745:784 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 6 49 theme 2.4 790:792 arg1 times 794:798 times 794:798 times 794:798 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 0 50 theme immediate 38:46 arg1 fabrication 23:33 the fabrication 19:33 the fabrication of immediate 19:46 A QbD approach for the fabrication of immediate and prolong buoyant cinnarizine tablet using polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum. 29807074 3 51 theme cum 482:484 arg1 gum 438:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 410:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) 410:448 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 51 theme cum 482:484 arg1 polymer 496:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 6 52 theme tablet 779:784 arg1 strength 761:768 The bioadhesive strength 745:768 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet 745:784 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 6 52 theme tablet 779:784 arg1 times 794:798 times 794:798 times 794:798 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 11 53 theme tablet 1472:1477 arg1 nature 1462:1467 mucoadhesive nature 1449:1467 mucoadhesive nature of tablet 1449:1477 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 3 54 theme swellable 486:494 arg1 gum 438:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum 410:440 polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) 410:448 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 3 54 theme swellable 486:494 arg1 polymer 496:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer 469:502 For this purpose, polyacrylamide-g-corn fibre gum (p-CFG) was synthesized as mucoadhesive cum swellable polymer and it was compared with already used HPMC K4M polymer. 29807074 6 55 dep times 794:798 arg1 higher 800:805 higher 800:805 higher 800:805 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 7 56 theme citric 928:933 arg1 acid 935:938 citric acid 928:938 citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) 928:950 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 7 56 theme citric 928:933 arg1 % 942:942 2% 941:942 2% 941:942 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 7 56 theme citric 928:933 arg1 FCNZ 946:949 FCNZ 946:949 FCNZ 946:949 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 6 57 theme p-CFG 773:777 arg1 tablet 779:784 p-CFG tablet 773:784 p-CFG tablet 773:784 The bioadhesive strength of p-CFG tablet was 2.4 times higher than HPMC K4M containing tablet. 29807074 4 58 with design 582:587 arg1 factor 626:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor was choosen to optimize conc. 29807074 7 59 theme formulation 844:854 arg1 composition 856:866 The formulation composition 840:866 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) 840:950 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 1 60 theme main 130:133 arg1 supersaturation 185:199 its supersaturation 181:199 its supersaturation 181:199 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 1 60 theme main 130:133 arg1 hurdle 135:140 The main hurdle 126:140 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine 126:176 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 1 61 theme re-dissolution 220:233 arg1 process 235:241 re-dissolution process 220:241 re-dissolution process 220:241 The main hurdle in the oral delivery of cinnarizine is its supersaturation, precipitation and re-dissolution process, influencing the oral bioavailability. 29807074 2 62 theme buoyant 361:367 arg1 tablet 369:374 buoyant tablet 361:374 buoyant tablet of cinnarizine 361:389 To overcome this problem, an attempt was made to develop immediate and prolong buoyant tablet of cinnarizine. 29807074 4 63 theme composite 572:580 arg1 design 582:587 The central composite design 560:587 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor 560:631 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor was choosen to optimize conc. 29807074 7 64 theme formulation 1002:1012 arg1 requirement 974:984 the maximum requirement 962:984 the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation 962:1012 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 11 65 theme X-ray 1495:1499 arg1 studies 1509:1515 X-ray imaging studies 1495:1515 X-ray imaging studies 1495:1515 Furthermore, the swelling associated floating followed by mucoadhesive nature of tablet was observed by X-ray imaging studies. 29807074 7 66 dep composition 856:866 arg1 comprises 868:876 comprises 868:876 comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) 868:950 The formulation composition comprises of p-CFG (64.3%), sodium bi‑carbonate (12.9%) and citric acid (2%) (FCNZ) fulfilled the maximum requirement of an optimized formulation. 29807074 4 67 theme numeric 598:604 arg1 factor 626:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 two numeric and one categorical factor 594:631 The central composite design with two numeric and one categorical factor was choosen to optimize conc. 31151507 5 0 theme contact 841:847 arg1 assay 849:853 dynamic contact assay 833:853 dynamic contact assay 833:853 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 7 1 theme honey/alginate/PVA 1156:1173 arg1 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 7 1 theme honey/alginate/PVA 1156:1173 arg1 membranes 1187:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 7 2 theme nanofibrous 1175:1185 arg1 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 7 2 theme nanofibrous 1175:1185 arg1 membranes 1187:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 6 3 theme membranes 1120:1128 arg1 non-cytotoxicity 1063:1078 non-cytotoxicity 1063:1078 non-cytotoxicity 1063:1078 The cytotoxicity assay illustrated the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes. 31151507 6 3 theme membranes 1120:1128 arg1 biocompatibility 1084:1099 biocompatibility 1084:1099 biocompatibility 1084:1099 The cytotoxicity assay illustrated the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes. 31151507 1 4 theme modern 163:168 arg1 care 185:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 6 5 theme nanofibrous 1108:1118 arg1 membranes 1120:1128 the nanofibrous membranes 1104:1128 the nanofibrous membranes 1104:1128 The cytotoxicity assay illustrated the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes. 31151507 5 6 dep bacterium 942:950 arg1 aureus 968:973 Staphylococcus aureus 953:973 Staphylococcus aureus 953:973 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 2 7 theme electrospun 288:298 arg1 membrane 312:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 2 8 theme nanofibrous 300:310 arg1 membrane 312:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 5 9 theme Disc 808:811 arg1 assay 823:827 Disc diffusion assay 808:827 Disc diffusion assay 808:827 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 3 10 dep transform 514:522 arg1 infrared 524:531 infrared 524:531 transform infrared spectroscopy 514:544 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 2 11 theme alginate/PVA-based 269:286 arg1 membrane 312:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane 266:319 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 4 12 theme nanofibrous 637:647 arg1 membranes 649:657 The nanofibrous membranes 633:657 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content 633:687 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 5 13 theme diffusion 813:821 arg1 assay 823:827 Disc diffusion assay 808:827 Disc diffusion assay 808:827 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 2 14 theme dressing 351:358 arg1 material 360:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 1 15 theme clinical 170:177 arg1 care 185:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 0 16 theme potential 50:58 arg1 dressing 76:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 Honey loaded alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane as potential bioactive wound dressing. 31151507 3 17 theme electron 464:471 arg1 microscopy 473:482 scanning electron microscopy 455:482 scanning electron microscopy 455:482 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 5 18 dep bacterium 994:1002 arg1 coli 1017:1020 Escherichia coli 1005:1020 Escherichia coli 1005:1020 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 0 19 theme nanofibrous 26:36 arg1 membrane 38:45 alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane 13:45 alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane 13:45 Honey loaded alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane as potential bioactive wound dressing. 31151507 1 20 theme ancient 98:104 arg1 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 1 20 theme ancient 98:104 arg1 agent 128:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 4 21 theme enhanced 696:703 arg1 activity 717:724 enhanced antioxidant activity 696:724 enhanced antioxidant activity 696:724 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 0 22 theme alginate/PVA 13:24 arg1 membrane 38:45 alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane 13:45 alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane 13:45 Honey loaded alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane as potential bioactive wound dressing. 31151507 7 23 theme wound 1215:1219 arg1 dressings 1221:1229 wound dressings 1215:1229 wound dressings 1215:1229 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 1 24 theme natural 106:112 arg1 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 1 24 theme natural 106:112 arg1 agent 128:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 3 25 theme membrane 429:436 arg1 composition 398:408 chemical composition 389:408 chemical composition 389:408 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 3 25 theme membrane 429:436 arg1 morphology 374:383 morphology 374:383 morphology 374:383 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 5 26 theme Gram-positive 928:940 arg1 bacterium 942:950 Gram-positive bacterium 928:950 Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) 928:974 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 1 27 theme various 200:206 arg1 bioactivities 208:220 various bioactivities 200:220 various bioactivities 200:220 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 3 28 theme scanning 455:462 arg1 microscopy 473:482 scanning electron microscopy 455:482 scanning electron microscopy 455:482 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 5 29 theme honey 896:900 arg1 nanofibers 909:918 the honey loaded nanofibers 892:918 the honey loaded nanofibers 892:918 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 4 30 theme antioxidant 705:715 arg1 activity 717:724 enhanced antioxidant activity 696:724 enhanced antioxidant activity 696:724 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 0 31 theme bioactive 60:68 arg1 dressing 76:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 Honey loaded alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane as potential bioactive wound dressing. 31151507 5 32 theme loaded 902:907 arg1 nanofibers 909:918 the honey loaded nanofibers 892:918 the honey loaded nanofibers 892:918 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 5 33 theme dynamic 833:839 arg1 assay 849:853 dynamic contact assay 833:853 dynamic contact assay 833:853 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 7 34 theme developed 1146:1154 arg1 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 promising 1201:1209 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 7 34 theme developed 1146:1154 arg1 membranes 1187:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes 1142:1195 Therefore, the developed honey/alginate/PVA nanofibrous membranes are promising for wound dressings. 31151507 1 35 theme wound-healing 114:126 arg1 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey 86:90 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 1 35 theme wound-healing 114:126 arg1 agent 128:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 an ancient natural wound-healing agent 95:132 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 3 36 theme nanofibrous 417:427 arg1 membrane 429:436 the nanofibrous membrane 413:436 the nanofibrous membrane 413:436 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 6 37 theme cytotoxicity 1028:1039 arg1 assay 1041:1045 The cytotoxicity assay 1024:1045 The cytotoxicity assay 1024:1045 The cytotoxicity assay illustrated the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes. 31151507 6 38 dep non-cytotoxicity 1063:1078 arg1 the 1059:1061 the 1059:1061 the 1059:1061 The cytotoxicity assay illustrated the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the nanofibrous membranes. 31151507 2 39 theme wound 345:349 arg1 material 360:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 4 40 theme reactive 783:790 arg1 species 799:805 reactive oxygen species 783:805 reactive oxygen species 783:805 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 5 41 theme antibacterial 866:878 arg1 activity 880:887 the antibacterial activity 862:887 the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) 862:1021 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 2 42 theme efficient 335:343 arg1 material 360:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 an efficient wound dressing material 332:367 In this study, honey was incorporated into an alginate/PVA-based electrospun nanofibrous membrane to develop an efficient wound dressing material. 31151507 3 43 dep morphology 374:383 arg1 The 370:372 The 370:372 The 370:372 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 1 44 contain has 196:198 arg2 bioactivities 208:220 various bioactivities 200:220 various bioactivities 200:220 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 1 44 contain has 196:198 arg1 it 193:194 it 193:194 it 193:194 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 3 45 dep Fourier 506:512 arg1 transform 514:522 transform 514:522 transform infrared spectroscopy 514:544 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 4 46 theme oxygen 792:797 arg1 species 799:805 reactive oxygen species 783:805 reactive oxygen species 783:805 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 4 47 theme species 799:805 arg1 overproduction 765:778 the overproduction 761:778 the overproduction of reactive oxygen species 761:805 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 31151507 5 48 theme nanofibers 909:918 arg1 activity 880:887 the antibacterial activity 862:887 the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) 862:1021 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 1 49 theme wound 179:183 arg1 care 185:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 modern clinical wound care 163:188 Honey is an ancient natural wound-healing agent and has been reintroduced to modern clinical wound care as it has various bioactivities. 31151507 0 50 theme wound 70:74 arg1 dressing 76:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 potential bioactive wound dressing 50:83 Honey loaded alginate/PVA nanofibrous membrane as potential bioactive wound dressing. 31151507 3 51 theme chemical 389:396 arg1 composition 398:408 chemical composition 389:408 chemical composition 389:408 The morphology and chemical composition of the nanofibrous membrane were observed by scanning electron microscopy and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively, demonstrating that honey was successfully introduced to the nanofibers. 31151507 5 52 theme Gram-negative 980:992 arg1 bacterium 994:1002 Gram-negative bacterium 980:1002 Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) 980:1021 Disc diffusion assay and dynamic contact assay proved the antibacterial activity of the honey loaded nanofibers towards Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli). 31151507 4 53 theme honey 675:679 arg1 content 681:687 honey content 675:687 honey content 675:687 The nanofibrous membranes with increasing honey content showed enhanced antioxidant activity, suggesting the ability to control the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. 30914372 2 0 theme electron 553:560 arg1 microscopy 562:571 Scanning electron microscopy 544:571 Scanning electron microscopy 544:571 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 1 1 link crosslinked 251:261 arg1 methacrylate 289:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 1 link crosslinked 251:261 arg1 poly 263:266 the crosslinked poly 247:266 the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 247:358 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 2 theme unique 177:182 arg1 responsiveness 198:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 2 3 theme Scanning 544:551 arg1 microscopy 562:571 Scanning electron microscopy 544:571 Scanning electron microscopy 544:571 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 6 4 dep along 1113:1117 arg1 with 1119:1122 with 1119:1122 with 1119:1122 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 1 5 dep hydrogels 105:113 arg1 endowed 115:121 endowed 115:121 endowed 115:121 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 2 6 theme simulated 602:610 arg1 fluids 617:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 4 7 from content 852:858 arg1 hydrogels 867:875 the hydrogels 863:875 the hydrogels 863:875 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 4 8 theme MAC 848:850 arg1 content 852:858 the MAC content 844:858 the MAC content in the hydrogels 844:875 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 4 9 theme procaine 832:839 arg1 dependence 805:814 the dependence 801:814 the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels 801:875 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 6 10 theme self-repair 1092:1102 arg1 capacity 1104:1111 The self-repair capacity 1088:1111 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels 1088:1190 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 4 11 theme released 823:830 arg1 procaine 832:839 the released procaine 819:839 the released procaine 819:839 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 1 12 theme enhanced 154:161 arg1 stability 163:171 enhanced stability 154:171 enhanced stability 154:171 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 2 13 theme modified 400:407 arg1 polysaccharide 409:422 the modified polysaccharide 396:422 the modified polysaccharide 396:422 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 4 14 dep in 776:777 arg1 vitro 779:783 vitro 779:783 vitro 779:783 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 5 15 theme cells 1018:1022 arg1 viability 1005:1013 improved viability 996:1013 improved viability of cells 996:1022 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 2 16 theme swelling 577:584 arg1 measurements 586:597 swelling measurements 577:597 swelling measurements 577:597 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 0 17 from chitosan 46:53 arg1 properties 87:96 self-healing properties 74:96 self-healing properties 74:96 Interpenetrated polymer network with modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties. 30914372 0 17 from chitosan 46:53 arg1 composition 58:68 composition 58:68 composition 58:68 Interpenetrated polymer network with modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties. 30914372 6 18 theme various 1224:1230 arg1 bio-applications 1232:1247 various bio-applications 1224:1247 various bio-applications 1224:1247 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 2 19 theme morphological 453:465 arg1 structure 467:475 morphological structure 453:475 morphological structure 453:475 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 0 20 theme polymer 16:22 arg1 network 24:30 polymer network 16:30 polymer network 16:30 Interpenetrated polymer network with modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties. 30914372 1 21 theme Smart 99:103 arg1 hydrogels 105:113 Smart hydrogels 99:113 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness 99:211 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 5 22 theme cytotoxicity 950:961 arg1 assay 963:967 The cytotoxicity assay 946:967 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast 946:981 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 2 23 theme hydrogels 511:519 arg1 structure 467:475 morphological structure 453:475 morphological structure 453:475 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 2 23 theme hydrogels 511:519 arg1 behaviour 494:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 4 24 theme Fickian 927:933 arg1 diffusion 935:943 Fickian diffusion 927:943 Fickian diffusion 927:943 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 3 25 theme synthesised 642:652 arg1 compounds 654:662 the synthesised compounds 638:662 the synthesised compounds 638:662 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 5 26 theme improved 996:1003 arg1 viability 1005:1013 improved viability 996:1013 improved viability of cells 996:1022 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 1 27 theme water-soluble 329:341 arg1 maleoyl-chitosan 343:358 the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 325:358 the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 325:358 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 5 28 theme modified 1042:1049 arg1 ratio 1066:1070 the modified polysaccharide ratio 1038:1070 the modified polysaccharide ratio 1038:1070 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 5 29 theme polysaccharide 1051:1064 arg1 ratio 1066:1070 the modified polysaccharide ratio 1038:1070 the modified polysaccharide ratio 1038:1070 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 6 30 theme hydrogels 1182:1190 arg1 biocompatibility 1158:1173 biocompatibility 1158:1173 biocompatibility 1158:1173 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 6 30 theme hydrogels 1182:1190 arg1 pH/thermo-responsiveness 1129:1152 dual pH/thermo-responsiveness 1124:1152 dual pH/thermo-responsiveness 1124:1152 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 1 31 theme maleoyl-chitosan 343:358 arg1 chains 315:320 the chains 311:320 the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 311:358 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 32 theme environmental 184:196 arg1 responsiveness 198:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 2 33 theme uptake 487:492 arg1 behaviour 494:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 1 34 theme crosslinked 251:261 arg1 methacrylate 289:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 34 theme crosslinked 251:261 arg1 poly 263:266 the crosslinked poly 247:266 the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 247:358 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 3 35 theme responsive 674:683 arg1 properties 685:694 responsive properties 674:694 responsive properties 674:694 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 2 36 theme water 481:485 arg1 behaviour 494:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 water uptake behaviour 481:502 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 0 37 theme modified 37:44 arg1 chitosan 46:53 modified chitosan 37:53 modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties 37:96 Interpenetrated polymer network with modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties. 30914372 2 38 theme body 612:615 arg1 fluids 617:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 4 39 theme release 882:888 arg1 mechanism 890:898 the release mechanism 878:898 the release mechanism 878:898 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 2 40 from microscopy 562:571 arg1 fluids 617:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 1 41 theme self-healing 128:139 arg1 performance 141:151 self-healing performance 128:151 self-healing performance 128:151 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 2 42 from measurements 586:597 arg1 fluids 617:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 simulated body fluids 602:622 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 3 43 theme great 725:729 arg1 availability 731:742 great availability 725:742 great availability 725:742 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 4 44 from dependence 805:814 arg1 content 852:858 the MAC content 844:858 the MAC content in the hydrogels 844:875 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 3 45 theme drug 749:752 arg1 systems 763:769 drug delivery systems 749:769 drug delivery systems 749:769 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 2 46 theme ratio 382:386 arg1 influence 365:373 The influence 361:373 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide 361:422 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 2 46 theme ratio 382:386 arg1 homopolymer 432:442 the homopolymer 428:442 the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels 428:519 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 1 47 theme 2-dimethylaminoethyl 268:287 arg1 methacrylate 289:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 268:300 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 47 theme 2-dimethylaminoethyl 268:287 arg1 poly 263:266 the crosslinked poly 247:266 the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan 247:358 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 0 48 theme self-healing 74:85 arg1 properties 87:96 self-healing properties 74:96 self-healing properties 74:96 Interpenetrated polymer network with modified chitosan in composition and self-healing properties. 30914372 3 49 theme delivery 754:761 arg1 systems 763:769 drug delivery systems 749:769 drug delivery systems 749:769 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 2 50 dep structure 467:475 arg1 the 449:451 the 449:451 the 449:451 The influence of the ratio between the modified polysaccharide and the homopolymer upon the morphological structure and water uptake behaviour of the hydrogels was put in evidence by Scanning electron microscopy and swelling measurements in simulated body fluids. 30914372 5 51 from assay 963:967 arg1 fibroblast 972:981 fibroblast 972:981 fibroblast 972:981 The cytotoxicity assay on fibroblast demonstrated improved viability of cells by increasing the modified polysaccharide ratio into hydrogels. 30914372 4 52 theme in 776:777 arg1 study 785:789 The in vitro study 772:789 The in vitro study 772:789 The in vitro study evidenced the dependence of the released procaine on the MAC content in the hydrogels, the release mechanism being controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion. 30914372 6 53 theme dual 1124:1127 arg1 pH/thermo-responsiveness 1129:1152 dual pH/thermo-responsiveness 1124:1152 dual pH/thermo-responsiveness 1124:1152 The self-repair capacity along with dual pH/thermo-responsiveness and biocompatibility of the hydrogels demonstrate their viability for various bio-applications. 30914372 3 54 theme self-healing 697:708 arg1 behaviour 710:718 self-healing behaviour 697:718 self-healing behaviour 697:718 In addition, the synthesised compounds exhibited responsive properties, self-healing behaviour, and great availability like drug delivery systems. 30914372 1 55 with endowed 115:121 arg1 responsiveness 198:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 unique environmental responsiveness 177:211 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 55 with endowed 115:121 arg1 performance 141:151 self-healing performance 128:151 self-healing performance 128:151 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30914372 1 55 with endowed 115:121 arg1 stability 163:171 enhanced stability 154:171 enhanced stability 154:171 Smart hydrogels endowed with self-healing performance, enhanced stability and unique environmental responsiveness were prepared by interpenetrating the crosslinked poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) between the chains of the water-soluble maleoyl-chitosan. 30340013 9 0 theme S. 1125:1126 arg1 suspension 1135:1144 E. coli or S. aureus suspension 1114:1144 E. coli or S. aureus suspension 1114:1144 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 7 1 theme @ 856:856 arg1 media 870:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 6 2 theme @ 793:793 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 2 theme @ 793:793 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 10 3 dep composites 1276:1285 arg1 GO 1273:1274 GO 1273:1274 GO 1273:1274 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 10 4 theme mass 1340:1343 arg1 % 1367:1367 0.6% 1364:1367 0.6% 1364:1367 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 10 4 theme mass 1340:1343 arg1 fraction 1345:1352 the mass fraction 1336:1352 the mass fraction of GO 1336:1358 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 2 5 theme CSCl 288:291 arg1 oxide 281:285 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide 254:285 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 2 5 theme CSCl 288:291 arg1 @ 292:292 CSCl@GO 288:294 CSCl@GO 288:294 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 7 6 theme antibacterial 823:835 arg1 performance 837:847 The antibacterial performance 819:847 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage 819:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 6 7 theme filter 775:780 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 7 theme filter 775:780 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 10 8 theme CSCl 1268:1271 arg1 composites 1276:1285 CSCl@GO composites 1268:1285 CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water 1268:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 8 9 dep composites 1057:1066 arg1 GO 1054:1055 GO 1054:1055 GO 1054:1055 The results showed that E. coli and S. aureus were completely inactivated after treatment with 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min. 30340013 1 10 theme efficient 213:221 arg1 materials 237:245 efficient antibacterial materials 213:245 efficient antibacterial materials 213:245 In order to control bacterial pollution in water treatment, it is necessary to prepare efficient antibacterial materials. 30340013 4 11 theme CSCl 462:465 arg1 composites 470:479 CSCl@GO composites 462:479 CSCl@GO composites 462:479 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 5 12 theme water 688:692 arg1 system 694:699 the cooling water system 676:699 the cooling water system 676:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 11 13 theme GO/QS 1385:1389 arg1 media 1398:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 After the CSCl@GO/QS filter media were backwashed for 3 times, the antibacterial rate could still be above 90%. 30340013 2 14 theme oxide 281:285 arg1 composites 297:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 9 15 dep S. 1125:1126 arg1 aureus 1128:1133 aureus 1128:1133 aureus 1128:1133 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 2 16 dep @ 292:292 arg1 GO 293:294 GO 293:294 GO 293:294 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 11 17 theme CSCl 1380:1383 arg1 media 1398:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 After the CSCl@GO/QS filter media were backwashed for 3 times, the antibacterial rate could still be above 90%. 30340013 0 18 theme quartz 81:86 arg1 media 100:104 quartz sand filter media 81:104 quartz sand filter media in water treatment 81:123 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 2 19 theme chitosan 254:261 arg1 oxide 281:285 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide 254:285 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 2 19 theme chitosan 254:261 arg1 @ 292:292 CSCl@GO 288:294 CSCl@GO 288:294 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 0 20 theme filter 93:98 arg1 media 100:104 quartz sand filter media 81:104 quartz sand filter media in water treatment 81:123 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 5 21 theme antibacterial 605:617 arg1 properties 619:628 The antibacterial properties 601:628 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system 601:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 1 22 theme water 169:173 arg1 treatment 175:183 water treatment 169:183 water treatment 169:183 In order to control bacterial pollution in water treatment, it is necessary to prepare efficient antibacterial materials. 30340013 10 23 from rate 1260:1263 arg1 water 1310:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 0 24 theme Antibacterial 0:12 arg1 properties 14:23 Antibacterial properties 0:23 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 0:70 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 7 25 theme domestic 901:908 arg1 sewage 910:915 domestic sewage 901:915 domestic sewage 901:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 6 26 theme CSCl 789:792 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 26 theme CSCl 789:792 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 4 27 dep composites 470:479 arg1 GO 467:468 GO 467:468 GO 467:468 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 8 28 theme @ 1053:1053 arg1 composites 1057:1066 CSCl@GO composites 1049:1066 CSCl@GO composites 1049:1066 The results showed that E. coli and S. aureus were completely inactivated after treatment with 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min. 30340013 5 29 dep composites 641:650 arg1 GO 638:639 GO 638:639 GO 638:639 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 0 30 theme chloride-graphene 37:53 arg1 composites 61:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 8 31 theme composites 1057:1066 arg1 100 mg·L-1 1035:1044 100 mg·L-1 1035:1044 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min 1035:1077 The results showed that E. coli and S. aureus were completely inactivated after treatment with 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min. 30340013 6 32 theme modified 754:761 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 32 theme modified 754:761 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 0 33 theme composites 61:70 arg1 properties 14:23 Antibacterial properties 0:23 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 0:70 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 4 34 theme gram-positive 539:551 arg1 bacteria 553:560 gram-positive bacteria 539:560 gram-positive bacteria 539:560 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 2 35 theme one-step 328:335 arg1 solution 337:344 a one-step solution 326:344 a one-step solution blending method 326:360 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 1 36 theme antibacterial 223:235 arg1 materials 237:245 efficient antibacterial materials 213:245 efficient antibacterial materials 213:245 In order to control bacterial pollution in water treatment, it is necessary to prepare efficient antibacterial materials. 30340013 6 37 theme quartz 763:768 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 37 theme quartz 763:768 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 9 38 theme E. 1114:1115 arg1 suspension 1135:1144 E. coli or S. aureus suspension 1114:1144 E. coli or S. aureus suspension 1114:1144 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 7 39 theme secondary 879:887 arg1 effluent 889:896 secondary effluent 879:896 secondary effluent of domestic sewage 879:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 6 40 dep composites 743:752 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 40 dep composites 743:752 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 40 dep composites 743:752 arg1 GO 740:741 GO 740:741 GO 740:741 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 5 41 theme complex 656:662 arg1 bacteria 664:671 complex bacteria 656:671 complex bacteria in the cooling water system 656:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 7 42 theme media 870:874 arg1 performance 837:847 The antibacterial performance 819:847 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage 819:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 4 43 theme model 579:583 arg1 bacteria 518:525 gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus 504:570 gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus 504:570 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 4 43 theme model 579:583 arg1 microorganisms 585:598 two model microorganisms 575:598 two model microorganisms 575:598 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 7 44 theme GO/QS 857:861 arg1 media 870:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 9 45 theme @ 1096:1096 arg1 composites 1100:1109 CSCl@GO composites 1092:1109 CSCl@GO composites 1092:1109 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 8 46 with treatment 1020:1028 arg1 100 mg·L-1 1035:1044 100 mg·L-1 1035:1044 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min 1035:1077 The results showed that E. coli and S. aureus were completely inactivated after treatment with 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min. 30340013 5 47 theme @ 637:637 arg1 composites 641:650 CSCl@GO composites 633:650 CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system 633:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 10 48 theme cooling 1302:1308 arg1 water 1310:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 7 49 theme CSCl 852:855 arg1 media 870:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 5 50 theme composites 641:650 arg1 properties 619:628 The antibacterial properties 601:628 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system 601:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 9 51 theme protein 1151:1157 arg1 leakage 1159:1165 the protein leakage 1147:1165 the protein leakage 1147:1165 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 9 51 theme protein 1151:1157 arg1 higher 1189:1194 higher 1189:1194 higher 1189:1194 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 6 52 theme sand 770:773 arg1 media 782:786 quartz sand filter media 763:786 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 6 52 theme sand 770:773 arg1 GO/QS 794:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 CSCl@GO/QS 789:798 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 0 53 from media 100:104 arg1 treatment 115:123 water treatment 109:123 water treatment 109:123 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 2 54 theme Novel 248:252 arg1 composites 297:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 4 55 theme @ 466:466 arg1 composites 470:479 CSCl@GO composites 462:479 CSCl@GO composites 462:479 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 5 56 theme cooling 680:686 arg1 system 694:699 the cooling water system 676:699 the cooling water system 676:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 11 57 theme @ 1384:1384 arg1 media 1398:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 After the CSCl@GO/QS filter media were backwashed for 3 times, the antibacterial rate could still be above 90%. 30340013 11 58 theme antibacterial 1437:1449 arg1 rate 1451:1454 the antibacterial rate 1433:1454 the antibacterial rate 1433:1454 After the CSCl@GO/QS filter media were backwashed for 3 times, the antibacterial rate could still be above 90%. 30340013 4 59 theme antibacterial 435:447 arg1 mechanism 449:457 The antibacterial mechanism 431:457 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites 431:479 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 0 60 theme sand 88:91 arg1 media 100:104 quartz sand filter media 81:104 quartz sand filter media in water treatment 81:123 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 2 61 theme chloride-graphene 263:279 arg1 oxide 281:285 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide 254:285 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites 248:306 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 2 61 theme chloride-graphene 263:279 arg1 @ 292:292 CSCl@GO 288:294 CSCl@GO 288:294 Novel chitosan chloride-graphene oxide (CSCl@GO) composites were prepared via a one-step solution blending method. 30340013 1 62 theme bacterial 146:154 arg1 pollution 156:164 bacterial pollution 146:164 bacterial pollution in water treatment 146:183 In order to control bacterial pollution in water treatment, it is necessary to prepare efficient antibacterial materials. 30340013 4 63 theme gram-negative 504:516 arg1 bacteria 518:525 gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus 504:570 gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus 504:570 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 4 63 theme gram-negative 504:516 arg1 microorganisms 585:598 two model microorganisms 575:598 two model microorganisms 575:598 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 9 64 theme blank 1213:1217 arg1 experiment 1219:1228 the blank experiment 1209:1228 the blank experiment after 12 h 1209:1239 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 10 65 theme GO 1357:1358 arg1 % 1367:1367 0.6% 1364:1367 0.6% 1364:1367 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 10 65 theme GO 1357:1358 arg1 fraction 1345:1352 the mass fraction 1336:1352 the mass fraction of GO 1336:1358 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 11 66 theme filter 1391:1396 arg1 media 1398:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 the CSCl@GO/QS filter media 1376:1402 After the CSCl@GO/QS filter media were backwashed for 3 times, the antibacterial rate could still be above 90%. 30340013 0 67 theme water 109:113 arg1 treatment 115:123 water treatment 109:123 water treatment 109:123 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 4 68 dep coli 530:533 arg1 aureus 565:570 S. aureus 562:570 S. aureus 562:570 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 6 69 theme @ 739:739 arg1 composites 743:752 the CSCl@GO composites 731:752 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 4 70 theme composites 470:479 arg1 mechanism 449:457 The antibacterial mechanism 431:457 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites 431:479 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 1 71 from pollution 156:164 arg1 treatment 175:183 water treatment 169:183 water treatment 169:183 In order to control bacterial pollution in water treatment, it is necessary to prepare efficient antibacterial materials. 30340013 9 72 dep composites 1100:1109 arg1 GO 1097:1098 GO 1097:1098 GO 1097:1098 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 5 73 theme CSCl 633:636 arg1 composites 641:650 CSCl@GO composites 633:650 CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system 633:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 8 74 theme CSCl 1049:1052 arg1 composites 1057:1066 CSCl@GO composites 1049:1066 CSCl@GO composites 1049:1066 The results showed that E. coli and S. aureus were completely inactivated after treatment with 100 mg·L-1 of CSCl@GO composites for 15 min. 30340013 3 75 theme FT-IR 400:404 arg1 techniques 419:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 The composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques. 30340013 10 76 theme antibacterial 1246:1258 arg1 rate 1260:1263 The antibacterial rate 1242:1263 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water 1242:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 0 77 theme chitosan 28:35 arg1 composites 61:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 7 78 theme sewage 910:915 arg1 effluent 889:896 secondary effluent 879:896 secondary effluent of domestic sewage 879:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 10 79 from composites 1276:1285 arg1 water 1310:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 6 80 theme CSCl 735:738 arg1 composites 743:752 the CSCl@GO composites 731:752 the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) 731:799 In addition, the CSCl@GO composites modified quartz sand filter media (CSCl@GO/QS) were synthesized. 30340013 0 81 theme oxide 55:59 arg1 composites 61:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites 28:70 Antibacterial properties of chitosan chloride-graphene oxide composites modified quartz sand filter media in water treatment. 30340013 9 82 dep E. 1114:1115 arg1 coli 1117:1120 coli 1117:1120 coli 1117:1120 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 3 83 theme TEM 415:417 arg1 techniques 419:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 The composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques. 30340013 9 84 theme CSCl 1092:1095 arg1 composites 1100:1109 CSCl@GO composites 1092:1109 CSCl@GO composites 1092:1109 When adding CSCl@GO composites to E. coli or S. aureus suspension, the protein leakage was 12.7 or 9.9 times higher than that in the blank experiment after 12 h. 30340013 4 85 dep bacteria 518:525 arg1 coli 530:533 E. coli 527:533 E. coli 527:533 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 4 85 dep bacteria 518:525 arg1 bacteria 553:560 gram-positive bacteria 539:560 gram-positive bacteria 539:560 The antibacterial mechanism of CSCl@GO composites was investigated using gram-negative bacteria E. coli and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus as two model microorganisms. 30340013 10 86 from water 1310:1314 arg1 rate 1260:1263 The antibacterial rate 1242:1263 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water 1242:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 3 87 theme XRD 407:409 arg1 techniques 419:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques 400:428 The composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM techniques. 30340013 5 88 from bacteria 664:671 arg1 system 694:699 the cooling water system 676:699 the cooling water system 676:699 The antibacterial properties of CSCl@GO composites for complex bacteria in the cooling water system were researched. 30340013 7 89 from performance 837:847 arg1 effluent 889:896 secondary effluent 879:896 secondary effluent of domestic sewage 879:915 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 30340013 10 90 theme circulating 1290:1300 arg1 water 1310:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 circulating cooling water 1290:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 10 91 theme @ 1272:1272 arg1 composites 1276:1285 CSCl@GO composites 1268:1285 CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water 1268:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 10 92 theme composites 1276:1285 arg1 rate 1260:1263 The antibacterial rate 1242:1263 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water 1242:1314 The antibacterial rate of CSCl@GO composites in circulating cooling water reached 95.74% when the mass fraction of GO was 0.6%. 30340013 7 93 theme filter 863:868 arg1 media 870:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 CSCl@GO/QS filter media 852:874 The antibacterial performance of CSCl@GO/QS filter media in secondary effluent of domestic sewage was also investigated. 31076918 0 0 theme fungus 78:83 arg1 alkalinus 96:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 9 1 theme membrane 1241:1248 arg1 lipids 1250:1255 membrane lipids 1241:1255 membrane lipids 1241:1255 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 9 2 theme storage 1275:1281 arg1 lipids 1283:1288 many storage lipids 1270:1288 many storage lipids as mycelium 1270:1300 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 4 3 theme fungus 597:602 arg1 bodies 570:575 the mycelium and fruit bodies 547:575 bodies 570:575 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 0 4 theme alkaliphilic 65:76 arg1 alkalinus 96:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 4 5 theme carbohydrates 530:542 arg1 composition 488:498 the composition 484:498 the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 484:623 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 1 6 from ones 174:177 arg1 terms 182:186 terms 182:186 terms of mechanisms of adaptation 182:214 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 31076918 1 6 from ones 174:177 arg1 different 144:152 different 144:152 different 144:152 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 31076918 3 7 theme lipids 425:430 arg1 composition 396:406 the composition 392:406 the composition of osmolytes and lipids 392:430 But it is unclear how the composition of osmolytes and lipids changes during cytodifferentiation. 31076918 9 8 contain contained 1214:1222 arg2 times 1230:1234 three times 1224:1234 three times 1224:1234 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 9 8 contain contained 1214:1222 arg1 bodies 1207:1212 Fruit bodies 1201:1212 Fruit bodies 1201:1212 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 9 8 contain contained 1214:1222 arg2 lipids 1250:1255 membrane lipids 1241:1255 membrane lipids 1241:1255 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 4 9 theme alkaliphilic 584:595 arg1 fungus 597:602 the alkaliphilic fungus 580:602 the alkaliphilic fungus 580:602 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 0 10 theme alkalinus 96:104 arg1 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 0 10 theme alkalinus 96:104 arg1 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 0 11 from Lipids 0:5 arg1 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 0 11 from Lipids 0:5 arg1 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 0 12 theme Sodiomyces 85:94 arg1 alkalinus 96:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 65:104 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 7 13 theme mycelium 935:942 arg1 phospholipids 944:956 the main mycelium phospholipids 926:956 the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 926:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 13 theme mycelium 935:942 arg1 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 13 theme mycelium 935:942 arg1 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 2 14 theme membrane 289:296 arg1 lipids 298:303 the membrane lipids 285:303 the membrane lipids 285:303 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 8 15 theme fatty 1127:1131 arg1 acids 1133:1137 free fatty acids 1122:1137 free fatty acids 1122:1137 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 10 16 from carbohydrate 1334:1345 arg1 bodies 1373:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 7 17 theme phospholipids 944:956 arg1 unsaturation 910:921 fatty acids unsaturation 898:921 fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 898:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 2 18 from trehalose 233:241 arg1 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 18 from trehalose 233:241 arg1 acids 271:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids 246:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids 246:303 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 6 19 theme mycelium 819:826 arg1 lipids 805:810 major membrane lipids 790:810 major membrane lipids of the mycelium 790:826 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 8 20 theme free 1122:1125 arg1 acids 1133:1137 free fatty acids 1122:1137 free fatty acids 1122:1137 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 4 21 theme lipids 503:508 arg1 composition 488:498 the composition 484:498 the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus 484:623 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 6 22 theme membrane 796:803 arg1 lipids 805:810 major membrane lipids 790:810 major membrane lipids of the mycelium 790:826 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 5 23 attach predominant 730:740 arg2 trehalose 716:724 only trehalose 711:724 only trehalose 711:724 In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. 31076918 5 23 attach predominant 730:740 arg1 bodies 704:709 fruit bodies 698:709 fruit bodies 698:709 In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. 31076918 8 24 theme bodies-by 1173:1181 arg1 triacylglycerols 1183:1198 fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols 1167:1198 fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols 1167:1198 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 6 25 theme fruit 870:874 arg1 bodies 876:881 fruit bodies 870:881 fruit bodies 870:881 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 4 26 from composition 488:498 arg1 bodies 570:575 the mycelium and fruit bodies 547:575 bodies 570:575 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 6 27 theme major 790:794 arg1 lipids 805:810 major membrane lipids 790:810 major membrane lipids of the mycelium 790:826 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 1 28 theme mechanisms 191:200 arg1 terms 182:186 terms 182:186 terms of mechanisms of adaptation 182:214 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 31076918 10 29 theme mycelium 1354:1361 arg1 bodies 1373:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 7 30 theme developmental 1040:1052 arg1 stage 1054:1058 the developmental stage 1036:1058 the developmental stage 1036:1058 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 31 theme unsaturation 910:921 arg1 degree 888:893 The degree 884:893 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 884:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 4 32 theme fruit 564:568 arg1 bodies 570:575 the mycelium and fruit bodies 547:575 bodies 570:575 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 10 33 theme cytosol 1326:1332 arg1 carbohydrate 1334:1345 the main cytosol carbohydrate 1317:1345 the main cytosol carbohydrate 1317:1345 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 10 33 theme cytosol 1326:1332 arg1 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 2 34 from acids 271:275 arg1 lipids 298:303 the membrane lipids 285:303 the membrane lipids 285:303 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 1 35 theme adaptation 205:214 arg1 mechanisms 191:200 mechanisms 191:200 mechanisms of adaptation 191:214 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 31076918 0 36 theme soluble 11:17 arg1 carbohydrates 19:31 soluble carbohydrates 11:31 soluble carbohydrates 11:31 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 9 37 theme Fruit 1201:1205 arg1 bodies 1207:1212 Fruit bodies 1201:1212 Fruit bodies 1201:1212 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 1 38 theme Alkaliphilic 107:118 arg1 fungi 120:124 Alkaliphilic fungi 107:124 Alkaliphilic fungi 107:124 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 31076918 10 39 theme fruit 1367:1371 arg1 bodies 1373:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 the mycelium and fruit bodies 1350:1378 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 3 40 theme osmolytes 411:419 arg1 composition 396:406 the composition 392:406 the composition of osmolytes and lipids 392:430 But it is unclear how the composition of osmolytes and lipids changes during cytodifferentiation. 31076918 2 41 theme phosphatidic 258:269 arg1 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 41 theme phosphatidic 258:269 arg1 acids 271:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids 246:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids 246:303 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 8 42 theme mature 1147:1152 arg1 mycelium 1154:1161 mature mycelium 1147:1161 mature mycelium 1147:1161 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 5 43 from predominant 730:740 arg1 bodies 704:709 fruit bodies 698:709 fruit bodies 698:709 In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. 31076918 0 44 dep mycelium 40:47 arg1 the 36:38 the 36:38 the 36:38 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 4 45 theme mycelium 551:558 arg1 bodies 570:575 the mycelium and fruit bodies 547:575 bodies 570:575 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 8 46 theme fruit 1167:1171 arg1 triacylglycerols 1183:1198 fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols 1167:1198 fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols 1167:1198 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 6 47 from bodies 876:881 arg1 predominant 855:865 predominant 855:865 predominant 855:865 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 8 48 theme young 1064:1068 arg1 mycelium 1070:1077 young mycelium 1064:1077 young mycelium 1064:1077 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 8 49 theme storage 1080:1086 arg1 lipids 1088:1093 storage lipids 1080:1093 storage lipids 1080:1093 In young mycelium, storage lipids were represented mainly by free fatty acids, and in mature mycelium and fruit bodies-by triacylglycerols. 31076918 9 50 theme many 1270:1273 arg1 lipids 1283:1288 many storage lipids 1270:1288 many storage lipids as mycelium 1270:1300 Fruit bodies contained three times less membrane lipids and twice as many storage lipids as mycelium. 31076918 2 51 theme low 357:359 arg1 amounts 361:367 low amounts 357:367 low amounts 357:367 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 4 52 theme cytosol 522:528 arg1 carbohydrates 530:542 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 514:542 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 514:542 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 4 53 theme soluble 514:520 arg1 carbohydrates 530:542 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 514:542 soluble cytosol carbohydrates 514:542 In this article the composition of lipids and soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the mycelium and fruit bodies of the alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus was studied. 31076918 7 54 theme fatty 898:902 arg1 unsaturation 910:921 fatty acids unsaturation 898:921 fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 898:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 2 55 contain contain 330:336 arg2 alkalitolerants 314:328 alkalitolerants 314:328 alkalitolerants 314:328 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 55 contain contain 330:336 arg1 alkalitolerants 314:328 alkalitolerants 314:328 alkalitolerants 314:328 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 55 contain contain 330:336 arg1 amounts 361:367 low amounts 357:367 low amounts 357:367 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 55 contain contain 330:336 arg2 compounds 344:352 these compounds 338:352 these compounds 338:352 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 5 56 theme fruit 698:702 arg1 bodies 704:709 fruit bodies 698:709 fruit bodies 698:709 In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. 31076918 2 57 theme cytosol and 246:256 arg1 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 PA 278:279 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 2 57 theme cytosol and 246:256 arg1 acids 271:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids 246:275 cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids 246:303 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 7 58 theme acids 904:908 arg1 unsaturation 910:921 fatty acids unsaturation 898:921 fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 898:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 10 59 theme main 1321:1324 arg1 carbohydrate 1334:1345 the main cytosol carbohydrate 1317:1345 the main cytosol carbohydrate 1317:1345 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 10 59 theme main 1321:1324 arg1 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose 1303:1311 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 5 60 from bodies 704:709 arg1 predominant 730:740 predominant 730:740 predominant 730:740 In the mycelium, mannitol and trehalose dominated, while in fruit bodies only trehalose was predominant. 31076918 10 61 theme key 1400:1402 arg1 value 1404:1408 its key value 1396:1408 its key value for alkaliphily 1396:1424 Trehalose was the main cytosol carbohydrate in the mycelium and fruit bodies, which confirms its key value for alkaliphily. 31076918 6 62 attach predominant 855:865 arg2 sterols 842:848 sterols 842:848 sterols 842:848 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 6 62 attach predominant 855:865 arg1 bodies 876:881 fruit bodies 870:881 fruit bodies 870:881 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 6 62 attach predominant 855:865 arg2 PC 835:836 PC 835:836 PC 835:836 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 7 63 dep phospholipids 944:956 arg1 phospholipids 944:956 the main mycelium phospholipids 926:956 the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 926:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 63 dep phospholipids 944:956 arg1 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 63 dep phospholipids 944:956 arg1 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 2 64 dep accumulate 222:231 arg1 whereas 306:312 whereas 306:312 whereas 306:312 They accumulate trehalose in cytosol and phosphatidic acids (PA) in the membrane lipids, whereas alkalitolerants contain these compounds in low amounts. 31076918 7 65 theme main 930:933 arg1 phospholipids 944:956 the main mycelium phospholipids 926:956 the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) 926:968 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 65 theme main 930:933 arg1 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 PA 966:967 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 7 65 theme main 930:933 arg1 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 PC 959:960 The degree of fatty acids unsaturation of the main mycelium phospholipids (PC and PA) increased with age, while that of PC did not change regardless of the developmental stage. 31076918 0 66 from carbohydrates 19:31 arg1 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 ascomata 53:60 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 0 66 from carbohydrates 19:31 arg1 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 mycelium 40:47 Lipids and soluble carbohydrates in the mycelium and ascomata of alkaliphilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. 31076918 6 67 from predominant 855:865 arg1 bodies 876:881 fruit bodies 870:881 fruit bodies 870:881 Phosphatidylcholines (PC), PA and sterols were major membrane lipids of the mycelium, while PC and sterols were predominant in fruit bodies. 31076918 1 68 theme alkalitolerant 159:172 arg1 ones 174:177 alkalitolerant ones 159:177 alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation 159:214 Alkaliphilic fungi are fundamentally different from alkalitolerant ones in terms of mechanisms of adaptation. 30309600 5 0 theme good 735:738 arg1 compatibility 740:752 good compatibility 735:752 good compatibility 735:752 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 5 1 dep Fourier 786:792 arg1 transform 794:802 transform 794:802 transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 794:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 6 2 theme composite 911:919 arg1 film 921:924 the composite film 907:924 the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis 907:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 5 3 dep transform 794:802 arg1 infrared 804:811 infrared 804:811 transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 794:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 4 4 from structure 594:602 arg1 % 646:646 15.4% to 25.0% 633:646 15.4% to 25.0% 633:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 6 5 theme properties 893:902 arg1 results 864:870 The results 860:870 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis 860:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 7 6 theme protein 1086:1092 arg1 application 1062:1072 the further application 1050:1072 the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films 1050:1115 Taken together, our results provide insights for the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films. 30309600 6 7 theme antibacterial 879:891 arg1 properties 893:902 the antibacterial properties 875:902 the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis 875:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 2 8 theme composite 311:319 arg1 films 321:325 composite films 311:325 composite films 311:325 Upon increasing the degree of hydrolysis, rapeseed protein enhanced its compatibility with chitosan, thus making composite films denser. 30309600 4 9 theme secondary 584:592 arg1 structure 594:602 the secondary structure 580:602 the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 580:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 5 10 theme electron 839:846 arg1 microscopy 848:857 scanning electron microscopy 830:857 scanning electron microscopy 830:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 7 11 theme rapeseed 1077:1084 arg1 protein 1086:1092 rapeseed protein 1077:1092 rapeseed protein in making edible films 1077:1115 Taken together, our results provide insights for the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films. 30309600 4 12 from % 646:646 arg1 structure 594:602 the secondary structure 580:602 the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 580:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 12 from % 646:646 arg1 protein 620:626 the rapeseed protein 607:626 the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 607:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 13 theme 25.0 642:645 arg1 % 637:637 % 637:637 % 637:637 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 14 from content 569:575 arg1 structure 594:602 the secondary structure 580:602 the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 580:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 15 theme chitosan 482:489 arg1 addition 470:477 addition 470:477 addition of chitosan 470:489 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 7 16 theme further 1054:1060 arg1 application 1062:1072 the further application 1050:1072 the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films 1050:1115 Taken together, our results provide insights for the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films. 30309600 0 17 theme composite 93:101 arg1 films 103:107 composite films 93:107 composite films 93:107 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 3 18 theme 0 449:449 arg1 % 450:450 % 450:450 % 450:450 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 6 19 theme film 921:924 arg1 properties 893:902 the antibacterial properties 875:902 the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis 875:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 1 20 theme composite 114:122 arg1 films 124:128 The composite films 110:128 The composite films 110:128 The composite films were prepared by mixing rapeseed protein hydrolysate with chitosan. 30309600 7 21 theme edible 1104:1109 arg1 films 1111:1115 edible films 1104:1115 edible films 1104:1115 Taken together, our results provide insights for the further application of rapeseed protein in making edible films. 30309600 0 22 theme physiochemical 20:33 arg1 characterization 35:50 physiochemical characterization 20:50 physiochemical characterization 20:50 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 6 23 theme hydrolysis 945:954 arg1 degree 935:940 12% degree 931:940 12% degree of hydrolysis 931:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 4 24 theme 15.4 633:636 arg1 % 637:637 % 637:637 % 637:637 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 6 25 with film 921:924 arg1 degree 935:940 12% degree 931:940 12% degree of hydrolysis 931:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 5 26 theme Fourier 786:792 arg1 analyses 774:781 analyses 774:781 analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 774:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 3 27 theme hydrolysis 433:442 arg1 degree 423:428 the degree 419:428 the degree of hydrolysis 419:442 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 4 28 theme α-helix 561:567 arg1 films 550:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 28 theme α-helix 561:567 arg1 content 569:575 the α-helix content 557:575 the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 557:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 5 29 theme main 681:684 arg1 bonding 668:674 hydrogen bonding 659:674 hydrogen bonding 659:674 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 5 29 theme main 681:684 arg1 force 686:690 the main force 677:690 the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 677:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 4 30 theme rapeseed 533:540 arg1 films 550:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 30 theme rapeseed 533:540 arg1 content 569:575 the α-helix content 557:575 the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 557:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 3 31 dep % 450:450 arg1 to 452:453 to 452:453 to 452:453 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 5 32 theme scanning 830:837 arg1 microscopy 848:857 scanning electron microscopy 830:857 scanning electron microscopy 830:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 0 33 theme protein 64:70 arg1 preparation 4:14 preparation 4:14 preparation 4:14 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 0 33 theme protein 64:70 arg1 characterization 35:50 physiochemical characterization 20:50 physiochemical characterization 20:50 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 2 34 with compatibility 270:282 arg1 chitosan 289:296 chitosan 289:296 chitosan 289:296 Upon increasing the degree of hydrolysis, rapeseed protein enhanced its compatibility with chitosan, thus making composite films denser. 30309600 6 35 theme % 933:933 arg1 degree 935:940 12% degree 931:940 12% degree of hydrolysis 931:954 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 0 36 theme rapeseed 55:62 arg1 protein 64:70 rapeseed protein 55:70 rapeseed protein 55:70 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 4 37 theme films 550:554 arg1 properties 515:524 the mechanical properties 500:524 the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 500:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 3 38 theme tensile 339:345 arg1 strength 347:354 The tensile strength 335:354 The tensile strength of films 335:363 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 2 39 theme rapeseed 240:247 arg1 protein 249:255 rapeseed protein 240:255 rapeseed protein 240:255 Upon increasing the degree of hydrolysis, rapeseed protein enhanced its compatibility with chitosan, thus making composite films denser. 30309600 4 40 theme protein 542:548 arg1 films 550:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 the rapeseed protein films 529:554 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 40 theme protein 542:548 arg1 content 569:575 the α-helix content 557:575 the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 557:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 5 41 theme hydrogen 659:666 arg1 bonding 668:674 hydrogen bonding 659:674 hydrogen bonding 659:674 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 5 41 theme hydrogen 659:666 arg1 force 686:690 the main force 677:690 the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 677:857 And it is hydrogen bonding, the main force between two components that contributed to good compatibility, which supported by analyses of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30309600 2 42 theme hydrolysis 228:237 arg1 degree 218:223 the degree 214:223 the degree of hydrolysis 214:237 Upon increasing the degree of hydrolysis, rapeseed protein enhanced its compatibility with chitosan, thus making composite films denser. 30309600 4 43 dep % 637:637 arg1 to 639:640 to 639:640 to 639:640 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 1 44 theme rapeseed 154:161 arg1 hydrolysate 171:181 rapeseed protein hydrolysate 154:181 rapeseed protein hydrolysate 154:181 The composite films were prepared by mixing rapeseed protein hydrolysate with chitosan. 30309600 3 45 theme films 359:363 arg1 strength 347:354 The tensile strength 335:354 The tensile strength of films 335:363 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 0 46 dep preparation 4:14 arg1 The 0:2 The 0:2 The 0:2 The preparation and physiochemical characterization of rapeseed protein hydrolysate-chitosan composite films. 30309600 1 47 theme protein 163:169 arg1 hydrolysate 171:181 rapeseed protein hydrolysate 154:181 rapeseed protein hydrolysate 154:181 The composite films were prepared by mixing rapeseed protein hydrolysate with chitosan. 30309600 3 48 theme 12 455:456 arg1 % 450:450 % 450:450 % 450:450 The tensile strength of films was increased from 16.04 to 23.46 MPa with increasing the degree of hydrolysis from 0% to 12%. 30309600 4 49 theme protein 620:626 arg1 structure 594:602 the secondary structure 580:602 the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 580:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 4 50 theme mechanical 504:513 arg1 properties 515:524 the mechanical properties 500:524 the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 500:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30309600 6 51 theme chitosan 986:993 arg1 film 995:998 the chitosan film 982:998 the chitosan film 982:998 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 6 52 theme 12 931:932 arg1 % 933:933 % 933:933 % 933:933 The results of the antibacterial properties of the composite film with 12% degree of hydrolysis were better compared with the chitosan film. 30309600 4 53 theme rapeseed 611:618 arg1 protein 620:626 the rapeseed protein 607:626 the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0% 607:646 Moreover, addition of chitosan enhances the mechanical properties of the rapeseed protein films, the α-helix content in the secondary structure of the rapeseed protein from 15.4% to 25.0%. 30461909 5 0 theme excellent 762:770 arg1 spectroscopy 743:754 Raman spectroscopy 737:754 Raman spectroscopy 737:754 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 5 0 theme excellent 762:770 arg1 tool 772:775 an excellent tool 759:775 an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents 759:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 1 1 theme basic 261:265 arg1 biology 267:273 the basic biology 257:273 the basic biology of microsporidia 257:290 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 5 2 gly heterogeneity 874:886 arg1 spores 905:910 microsporidia spores 891:910 microsporidia spores 891:910 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 3 3 theme spore 641:645 arg1 groups 647:652 various spore groups 633:652 various spore groups 633:652 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 3 4 theme various 575:581 arg1 spores 583:588 various spores 575:588 various spores 575:588 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 2 5 theme spore 324:328 arg1 spectrum 303:310 The Raman spectrum 293:310 The Raman spectrum of a single spore 293:328 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 2 6 theme Raman 297:301 arg1 spectrum 303:310 The Raman spectrum 293:310 The Raman spectrum of a single spore 293:328 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 1 7 theme microsporidia 278:290 arg1 biology 267:273 the basic biology 257:273 the basic biology of microsporidia 257:290 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 5 8 theme Raman 737:741 arg1 spectroscopy 743:754 Raman spectroscopy 737:754 Raman spectroscopy 737:754 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 5 8 theme Raman 737:741 arg1 tool 772:775 an excellent tool 759:775 an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents 759:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 0 9 from heterogeneity 59:71 arg1 hosts 91:95 various insect hosts 76:95 various insect hosts 76:95 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 1 10 from heterogeneity 159:171 arg1 hosts 221:225 various insect hosts 206:225 various insect hosts 206:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 3 11 theme nucleic 538:544 arg1 acid 546:549 nucleic acid 538:549 nucleic acid 538:549 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 5 12 theme microsporidia 891:903 arg1 spores 905:910 microsporidia spores 891:910 microsporidia spores 891:910 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 1 13 theme microsporidia 179:191 arg1 strains 193:199 16 microsporidia strains 176:199 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 176:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 5 14 theme intercellular 809:821 arg1 constituents 833:844 intercellular molecular constituents 809:844 intercellular molecular constituents 809:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 5 15 theme molecular 823:831 arg1 constituents 833:844 intercellular molecular constituents 809:844 intercellular molecular constituents 809:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 1 16 theme strains 193:199 arg1 heterogeneity 159:171 the spore heterogeneity 149:171 the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 149:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 0 17 theme Raman 12:16 arg1 spectroscopy 18:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 0:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 0:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 1 18 theme Single-cell 98:108 arg1 spectroscopy 116:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 2 19 theme various 392:398 arg1 hosts 400:404 various hosts 392:404 various hosts 392:404 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 0 20 theme Single-cell 0:10 arg1 spectroscopy 18:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 0:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 0:29 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 2 21 from spores 382:387 arg1 hosts 400:404 various hosts 392:404 various hosts 392:404 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 1 22 theme Raman 110:114 arg1 spectroscopy 116:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 1 23 theme various 206:212 arg1 hosts 221:225 various insect hosts 206:225 various insect hosts 206:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 5 24 theme constituents 833:844 arg1 investigation 792:804 label-free investigation 781:804 label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents 781:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 3 25 theme protein 556:562 arg1 content 564:570 protein content 556:570 protein content 556:570 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 1 26 theme insect 214:219 arg1 hosts 221:225 various insect hosts 206:225 various insect hosts 206:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 2 27 theme single 317:322 arg1 spore 324:328 a single spore 315:328 a single spore 315:328 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 1 28 dep understand 246:255 arg1 to 236:237 to 236:237 to 236:237 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 1 29 used used 133:136 arg2 spectroscopy 116:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy 98:127 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 3 30 theme Raman 475:479 arg1 intensity 481:489 Raman intensity 475:489 Raman intensity 475:489 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 0 31 theme spore 53:57 arg1 heterogeneity 59:71 microsporidia spore heterogeneity 39:71 microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts 39:95 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 4 32 theme spore 703:707 arg1 infectivity 709:719 spore infectivity 703:719 spore infectivity on Bombyx mori 703:734 Trehalose content correlated with spore infectivity on Bombyx mori. 30461909 5 33 theme spores 905:910 arg1 heterogeneity 874:886 the heterogeneity 870:886 the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores 870:910 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 3 34 theme component 452:460 arg1 analysis 462:469 Principal component analysis 442:469 Principal component analysis 442:469 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 0 35 theme microsporidia 39:51 arg1 heterogeneity 59:71 microsporidia spore heterogeneity 39:71 microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts 39:95 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 5 36 theme label-free 781:790 arg1 investigation 792:804 label-free investigation 781:804 label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents 781:844 Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for label-free investigation of intercellular molecular constituents, providing insight into the heterogeneity of microsporidia spores. 30461909 1 37 gly heterogeneity 159:171 arg1 strains 193:199 16 microsporidia strains 176:199 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 176:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 3 38 theme various 633:639 arg1 groups 647:652 various spore groups 633:652 various spore groups 633:652 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 3 39 theme spores 583:588 arg1 content 564:570 protein content 556:570 protein content 556:570 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 3 39 theme spores 583:588 arg1 trehalose 527:535 trehalose 527:535 trehalose 527:535 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 3 39 theme spores 583:588 arg1 acid 546:549 nucleic acid 538:549 nucleic acid 538:549 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 3 40 theme obvious 498:504 arg1 heterogeneity 506:518 obvious heterogeneity 498:518 obvious heterogeneity 498:518 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 2 41 theme spore 345:349 arg1 composition 351:361 basic spore composition 339:361 basic spore composition 339:361 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 1 42 from hosts 221:225 arg1 heterogeneity 159:171 the spore heterogeneity 149:171 the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 149:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 1 42 from hosts 221:225 arg1 strains 193:199 16 microsporidia strains 176:199 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 176:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 2 43 theme basic 339:343 arg1 composition 351:361 basic spore composition 339:361 basic spore composition 339:361 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 3 44 dep trehalose 527:535 arg1 the 523:525 the 523:525 the 523:525 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 4 45 theme Trehalose 669:677 arg1 content 679:685 Trehalose content 669:685 Trehalose content 669:685 Trehalose content correlated with spore infectivity on Bombyx mori. 30461909 4 46 from infectivity 709:719 arg1 mori 731:734 Bombyx mori 724:734 Bombyx mori 724:734 Trehalose content correlated with spore infectivity on Bombyx mori. 30461909 4 47 theme Bombyx 724:729 arg1 mori 731:734 Bombyx mori 724:734 Bombyx mori 724:734 Trehalose content correlated with spore infectivity on Bombyx mori. 30461909 0 48 theme insect 84:89 arg1 hosts 91:95 various insect hosts 76:95 various insect hosts 76:95 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 3 49 theme host 658:661 arg1 type 663:666 host type 658:666 host type 658:666 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 1 50 theme spore 153:157 arg1 heterogeneity 159:171 the spore heterogeneity 149:171 the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts 149:225 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the spore heterogeneity of 16 microsporidia strains from various insect hosts in order to better understand the basic biology of microsporidia. 30461909 3 51 theme Principal 442:450 arg1 analysis 462:469 Principal component analysis 442:469 Principal component analysis 442:469 Principal component analysis and Raman intensity showed obvious heterogeneity in the trehalose, nucleic acid, and protein content of various spores; however, there was no correlation between various spore groups and host type. 30461909 0 52 theme various 76:82 arg1 hosts 91:95 various insect hosts 76:95 various insect hosts 76:95 Single-cell Raman spectroscopy reveals microsporidia spore heterogeneity in various insect hosts. 30461909 2 53 from trehalose 431:439 arg1 rich 423:426 rich 423:426 rich 423:426 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 2 54 from rich 423:426 arg1 trehalose 431:439 trehalose 431:439 trehalose 431:439 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30461909 2 55 theme microsporidia 368:380 arg1 spores 382:387 microsporidia spores 368:387 microsporidia spores in various hosts 368:404 The Raman spectrum of a single spore revealed basic spore composition, and microsporidia spores in various hosts were found to be rich in trehalose. 30599995 0 0 theme antioxidant 96:106 arg1 activity 108:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 0 1 theme sustained 86:94 arg1 activity 108:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 8 2 theme high 1017:1020 arg1 efficiency 1036:1045 high encapsulation efficiency 1017:1045 high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation 1017:1076 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 2 3 theme low 288:290 arg1 solubility 298:307 low water solubility 288:307 low water solubility 288:307 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 5 4 theme % 703:703 arg1 efficiency 723:732 encapsulation efficiency 709:732 encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% 709:742 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 5 4 theme % 703:703 arg1 capacity 686:693 A high loading capacity 671:693 A high loading capacity of 78.91% 671:703 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 0 5 with supplements 69:79 arg1 activity 108:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 sustained antioxidant activity 86:115 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 8 6 theme encapsulation 1022:1034 arg1 efficiency 1036:1045 high encapsulation efficiency 1017:1045 high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation 1017:1076 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 7 theme natural 972:978 arg1 carrier 998:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 7 theme natural 972:978 arg1 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 3 8 used used 405:408 arg2 carrier 436:442 an effective nanoscale carrier 413:442 an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems 413:470 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 8 used used 405:408 arg2 CNF 396:398 CNF 396:398 CNF 396:398 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 8 used used 405:408 arg2 nanofiber 385:393 cellulose nanofiber 375:393 cellulose nanofiber (CNF) 375:399 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 4 9 theme CNF 623:625 arg1 matrices 627:634 the CNF matrices 619:634 the CNF matrices 619:634 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 8 10 theme healthcare 1051:1060 arg1 supplementation 1062:1076 healthcare supplementation 1051:1076 healthcare supplementation 1051:1076 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 11 theme ideal 966:970 arg1 carrier 998:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 11 theme ideal 966:970 arg1 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 2 12 theme low 313:315 arg1 bioavailability 317:331 low bioavailability 313:331 low bioavailability 313:331 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 8 13 theme dietary 990:996 arg1 carrier 998:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 13 theme dietary 990:996 arg1 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 9 14 theme antioxidant 1164:1174 arg1 requirements 1176:1187 sustained antioxidant requirements 1154:1187 sustained antioxidant requirements 1154:1187 This work also provides a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements. 30599995 4 15 theme processing 520:529 arg1 method 531:536 the solvent composition ratio and processing method 486:536 method 531:536 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 8 16 theme nanoscale 980:988 arg1 carrier 998:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier 963:1004 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 8 16 theme nanoscale 980:988 arg1 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 CNF 956:958 These results reveal that CNF is an ideal natural nanoscale dietary carrier and offers high encapsulation efficiency for healthcare supplementation. 30599995 3 17 theme nanoscale 426:434 arg1 nanofiber 385:393 cellulose nanofiber 375:393 cellulose nanofiber (CNF) 375:399 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 17 theme nanoscale 426:434 arg1 carrier 436:442 an effective nanoscale carrier 413:442 an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems 413:470 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 0 18 theme quercetin 20:28 arg1 Nanoformulations 0:15 Nanoformulations 0:15 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose 0:42 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 5 19 theme high 673:676 arg1 capacity 686:693 A high loading capacity 671:693 A high loading capacity of 78.91% 671:703 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 6 20 theme raw 861:863 arg1 QT 865:866 raw QT 861:866 raw QT 861:866 The nanoformulation exhibited better dietary performance and antioxidant activity than raw QT. 30599995 2 21 theme water 292:296 arg1 solubility 298:307 low water solubility 288:307 low water solubility 288:307 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 4 22 theme CNF/QT 647:652 arg1 nanoformulation 654:668 a CNF/QT nanoformulation 645:668 a CNF/QT nanoformulation 645:668 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 5 23 theme % 742:742 arg1 efficiency 723:732 encapsulation efficiency 709:732 encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% 709:742 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 5 23 theme % 742:742 arg1 capacity 686:693 A high loading capacity 671:693 A high loading capacity of 78.91% 671:703 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 5 24 theme loading 678:684 arg1 capacity 686:693 A high loading capacity 671:693 A high loading capacity of 78.91% 671:703 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 9 25 theme promising 1105:1113 arg1 candidate 1131:1139 a promising nanoformulation candidate 1103:1139 a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements 1103:1187 This work also provides a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements. 30599995 0 26 theme cellulose 34:42 arg1 Nanoformulations 0:15 Nanoformulations 0:15 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose 0:42 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 4 27 theme composition 498:508 arg1 ratio 510:514 the solvent composition ratio and processing method 486:536 ratio 510:514 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 9 28 theme nanoformulation 1115:1129 arg1 candidate 1131:1139 a promising nanoformulation candidate 1103:1139 a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements 1103:1187 This work also provides a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements. 30599995 3 29 theme effective 416:424 arg1 nanofiber 385:393 cellulose nanofiber 375:393 cellulose nanofiber (CNF) 375:399 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 29 theme effective 416:424 arg1 carrier 436:442 an effective nanoscale carrier 413:442 an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems 413:470 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 0 30 theme healthcare 58:67 arg1 supplements 69:79 healthcare supplements 58:79 healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity 58:115 Nanoformulations of quercetin and cellulose nanofibers as healthcare supplements with sustained antioxidant activity. 30599995 4 31 theme solvent 490:496 arg1 composition 498:508 the solvent composition 486:508 the solvent composition 486:508 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 6 32 theme antioxidant 835:845 arg1 activity 847:854 antioxidant activity 835:854 antioxidant activity 835:854 The nanoformulation exhibited better dietary performance and antioxidant activity than raw QT. 30599995 1 33 theme health 128:133 arg1 benefits 135:142 its health benefits 124:142 its health benefits to the human body 124:160 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 4 34 theme CNF 571:573 arg1 surfaces 575:582 CNF surfaces 571:582 CNF surfaces 571:582 By adjusting the solvent composition ratio and processing method, QT was optimally immobilized on CNF surfaces and was eventually encapsulated in the CNF matrices, forming a CNF/QT nanoformulation. 30599995 2 35 theme QT 336:337 arg1 solubility 298:307 low water solubility 288:307 low water solubility 288:307 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 2 35 theme QT 336:337 arg1 bioavailability 317:331 low bioavailability 313:331 low bioavailability 313:331 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 2 35 theme QT 336:337 arg1 instability 275:285 the instability 271:285 the instability 271:285 However, the instability, low water solubility and low bioavailability of QT remain to be solved. 30599995 1 36 from applications 195:206 arg1 industries 250:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 7 37 theme QT 900:901 arg1 release 889:895 sustained release 879:895 sustained release of QT 879:901 Moreover, sustained release of QT was demonstrated in vitro. 30599995 1 38 theme healthcare 215:224 arg1 industries 250:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 6 39 theme dietary 811:817 arg1 performance 819:829 better dietary performance 804:829 better dietary performance 804:829 The nanoformulation exhibited better dietary performance and antioxidant activity than raw QT. 30599995 9 40 theme sustained 1154:1162 arg1 requirements 1176:1187 sustained antioxidant requirements 1154:1187 sustained antioxidant requirements 1154:1187 This work also provides a promising nanoformulation candidate for managing sustained antioxidant requirements. 30599995 7 41 theme sustained 879:887 arg1 release 889:895 sustained release 879:895 sustained release of QT 879:901 Moreover, sustained release of QT was demonstrated in vitro. 30599995 1 42 theme food 226:229 arg1 industries 250:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 5 43 theme encapsulation 709:721 arg1 efficiency 723:732 encapsulation efficiency 709:732 encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% 709:742 A high loading capacity of 78.91% and encapsulation efficiency of 88.77% were achieved simultaneously. 30599995 6 44 theme better 804:809 arg1 performance 819:829 better dietary performance 804:829 better dietary performance 804:829 The nanoformulation exhibited better dietary performance and antioxidant activity than raw QT. 30599995 1 45 theme promising 185:193 arg1 applications 195:206 promising applications 185:206 promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 185:259 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 1 46 theme human 151:155 arg1 body 157:160 the human body 147:160 the human body 147:160 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 30599995 3 47 theme cellulose 375:383 arg1 nanofiber 385:393 cellulose nanofiber 375:393 cellulose nanofiber (CNF) 375:399 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 47 theme cellulose 375:383 arg1 CNF 396:398 CNF 396:398 CNF 396:398 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 3 47 theme cellulose 375:383 arg1 carrier 436:442 an effective nanoscale carrier 413:442 an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems 413:470 In this paper, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was used as an effective nanoscale carrier to alleviate these problems. 30599995 1 48 theme pharmaceutical 235:248 arg1 industries 250:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries 211:259 Given its health benefits to the human body, quercetin (QT) offers promising applications in the healthcare food and pharmaceutical industries. 29555463 9 0 theme cell-based 1607:1616 arg1 engineering 1625:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 9 0 theme cell-based 1607:1616 arg1 method 1652:1657 a promising method 1640:1657 a promising method in NP regeneration 1640:1676 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 8 1 theme pain 1596:1599 arg1 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1451:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 8 1 theme pain 1596:1599 arg1 origin 1527:1532 the origin 1523:1532 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 1523:1599 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 10 2 theme sulfate 1847:1853 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 2 theme sulfate 1847:1853 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 6 3 theme NP 1236:1237 arg1 structure 1207:1215 structure 1207:1215 structure 1207:1215 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 6 3 theme NP 1236:1237 arg1 height 1148:1153 disc height 1143:1153 disc height 1143:1153 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 6 3 theme NP 1236:1237 arg1 content 1162:1168 water content 1156:1168 water content 1156:1168 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 6 3 theme NP 1236:1237 arg1 synthesis 1192:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 7 4 theme disc 1437:1440 arg1 disease 1442:1448 degenerative disc disease 1424:1448 degenerative disc disease 1424:1448 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 11 5 theme biological 2043:2052 arg1 matrix 2054:2059 biological matrix 2043:2059 biological matrix 2043:2059 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 7 6 theme new 1392:1394 arg1 avenue 1396:1401 an exciting new avenue 1380:1401 an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease 1380:1448 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 10 7 theme ADSC 1884:1887 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 7 theme ADSC 1884:1887 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 4 8 theme coccygeal 812:820 arg1 model 845:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 10 9 theme composite 1860:1868 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 9 theme composite 1860:1868 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 4 10 theme degeneration 832:843 arg1 model 845:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 6 11 theme CCSA 1126:1129 arg1 system 1131:1136 the CCSA system 1122:1136 the CCSA system 1122:1136 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 10 12 theme delivery 1896:1903 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 12 theme delivery 1896:1903 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 13 13 theme in 2383:2384 arg1 gelation 2391:2398 in situ gelation 2383:2398 in situ gelation 2383:2398 The delivery system is preloaded with ADSCs and can be injected into the NP with a needle, followed by in situ gelation. 29555463 13 14 with NP 2353:2354 arg1 needle 2363:2368 a needle 2361:2368 a needle 2361:2368 The delivery system is preloaded with ADSCs and can be injected into the NP with a needle, followed by in situ gelation. 29555463 15 15 theme delivery 2641:2648 arg1 system 2650:2655 the CCSA delivery system 2632:2655 the CCSA delivery system 2632:2655 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 14 16 theme low 2486:2488 arg1 cytotoxicity 2490:2501 low cytotoxicity 2486:2501 low cytotoxicity 2486:2501 Genipin is used as a cross-linker to improve the bio-stability of the scaffold, with low cytotoxicity. 29555463 9 17 theme NP 1662:1663 arg1 regeneration 1665:1676 NP regeneration 1662:1676 NP regeneration 1662:1676 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 7 18 theme degenerated 1352:1362 arg1 NP 1364:1365 degenerated NP 1352:1365 degenerated NP 1352:1365 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 10 19 theme CCSA 1890:1893 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 19 theme CCSA 1890:1893 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 0 20 theme cells 151:155 arg1 differentiation 111:125 differentiation 111:125 differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells 111:155 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 2 21 theme adipose-derived 337:351 arg1 cell 358:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 4 22 theme system 911:916 arg1 effect 892:897 the regenerative effect 875:897 the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP 875:938 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 11 23 theme hydrogel 2029:2036 arg1 fabrication 2003:2013 the fabrication 1999:2013 the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix 1999:2059 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 6 24 theme extracellular 1171:1183 arg1 synthesis 1192:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 0 25 theme nucleus 185:191 arg1 pulposus 193:200 degenerated nucleus pulposus 173:200 degenerated nucleus pulposus 173:200 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 4 26 from effect 892:897 arg1 NP 937:938 the degenerated NP 921:938 the degenerated NP 921:938 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 15 27 from effects 2536:2542 arg1 NP 2672:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 15 27 from effects 2536:2542 arg1 differentiation 2567:2581 the differentiation 2563:2581 the differentiation of ADSCs 2563:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 14 28 used used 2412:2415 arg2 Genipin 2401:2407 Genipin 2401:2407 Genipin 2401:2407 Genipin is used as a cross-linker to improve the bio-stability of the scaffold, with low cytotoxicity. 29555463 14 28 used used 2412:2415 arg2 cross-linker 2422:2433 a cross-linker 2420:2433 a cross-linker 2420:2433 Genipin is used as a cross-linker to improve the bio-stability of the scaffold, with low cytotoxicity. 29555463 5 29 theme % 1020:1020 arg1 genipin 1022:1028 0.02% genipin 1016:1028 0.02% genipin 1016:1028 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 6 30 theme disc 1143:1146 arg1 height 1148:1153 disc height 1143:1153 disc height 1143:1153 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 10 31 theme cross-linking 1932:1944 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 31 theme cross-linking 1932:1944 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 0 32 theme cell 82:85 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 5 33 theme genes 1092:1096 arg1 expressions 1065:1075 the expressions 1061:1075 the expressions of NP-specific genes 1061:1096 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 3 34 theme sulfate 613:619 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 34 theme sulfate 613:619 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 2 35 theme transplant 492:501 arg1 ADSCs 503:507 transplant ADSCs 492:507 transplant ADSCs into the NP 492:519 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 11 36 theme injectable 2018:2027 arg1 hydrogel 2029:2036 injectable hydrogel 2018:2036 injectable hydrogel 2018:2036 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 10 37 with system 1905:1910 arg1 genipin 1917:1923 genipin 1917:1923 genipin 1917:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 1 38 theme Nucleus 203:209 arg1 NP 221:222 NP 221:222 NP 221:222 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 1 38 theme Nucleus 203:209 arg1 pulposus 211:218 Nucleus pulposus 203:218 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 8 39 theme SIGNIFICANCE 1464:1475 arg1 degeneration 1499:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 4 40 theme scaffold 747:754 arg1 effect 733:738 The induction effect 719:738 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation 719:778 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 8 41 theme pulposus 1485:1492 arg1 degeneration 1499:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 4 42 theme ADSC 759:762 arg1 differentiation 764:778 ADSC differentiation 759:778 ADSC differentiation 759:778 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 0 43 theme adipose-derived 130:144 arg1 cells 151:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 9 44 theme cell 1773:1776 arg1 function 1778:1785 cell function 1773:1785 cell function 1773:1785 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 8 45 theme NP 1495:1496 arg1 degeneration 1499:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 4 46 theme induction 723:731 arg1 effect 733:738 The induction effect 719:738 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation 719:778 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 12 47 from ratio 2242:2246 arg1 NP 2276:2277 the NP 2272:2277 the NP 2272:2277 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 4 48 used used 855:858 arg2 model 845:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 7 49 theme delivery 1270:1277 arg1 system 1279:1284 Our CCSA delivery system 1261:1284 Our CCSA delivery system 1261:1284 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 8 50 theme degeneration 1499:1510 arg1 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1451:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 8 50 theme degeneration 1499:1510 arg1 origin 1527:1532 the origin 1523:1532 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 1523:1599 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 0 51 theme type 21:24 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 2 52 theme carriers 480:487 arg1 lack 460:463 a lack 458:463 a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP 458:519 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 15 53 from effect 2622:2627 arg1 NP 2672:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 15 53 from effect 2622:2627 arg1 differentiation 2567:2581 the differentiation 2563:2581 the differentiation of ADSCs 2563:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 3 54 theme ADSC 650:653 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 54 theme ADSC 650:653 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 2 55 theme degenerated 433:443 arg1 NP 445:446 degenerated NP 433:446 degenerated NP 433:446 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 0 56 theme collagen/chondroitin 29:48 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 13 57 dep in 2383:2384 arg1 situ 2386:2389 situ 2386:2389 situ 2386:2389 The delivery system is preloaded with ADSCs and can be injected into the NP with a needle, followed by in situ gelation. 29555463 5 58 theme delivery 982:989 arg1 biocompatible 1034:1046 biocompatible 1034:1046 biocompatible 1034:1046 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 5 58 theme delivery 982:989 arg1 system 991:996 the CCSA delivery system 973:996 the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin 973:1028 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 11 59 with fabrication 2003:2013 arg1 matrix 2054:2059 biological matrix 2043:2059 biological matrix 2043:2059 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 2 60 theme viable 468:473 arg1 carriers 480:487 viable cell carriers 468:487 viable cell carriers 468:487 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 3 61 theme composite 626:634 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 61 theme composite 626:634 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 0 62 theme composite 58:66 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 9 63 theme promising 1642:1650 arg1 engineering 1625:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 9 63 theme promising 1642:1650 arg1 method 1652:1657 a promising method 1640:1657 a promising method in NP regeneration 1640:1676 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 8 64 theme intervertebral 1537:1550 arg1 degeneration 1557:1568 intervertebral disc degeneration 1537:1568 intervertebral disc degeneration 1537:1568 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 3 65 theme delivery 662:669 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 65 theme delivery 662:669 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 6 66 theme system 1131:1136 arg1 injection 1109:1117 the injection 1105:1117 the injection of the CCSA system 1105:1136 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 8 67 theme degeneration 1557:1568 arg1 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT 1451:1459 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1451:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 8 67 theme degeneration 1557:1568 arg1 origin 1527:1532 the origin 1523:1532 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 1523:1599 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 3 68 theme CCSA 656:659 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 68 theme CCSA 656:659 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 1 69 theme intervertebral 263:276 arg1 degeneration 283:294 intervertebral disc degeneration 263:294 intervertebral disc degeneration 263:294 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 15 70 theme scaffold 2551:2558 arg1 effects 2536:2542 the stimulatory effects 2520:2542 the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs 2520:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 15 70 theme scaffold 2551:2558 arg1 effect 2622:2627 the regenerative effect 2605:2627 the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP 2605:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 7 71 theme disease 1442:1448 arg1 treatment 1411:1419 the treatment 1407:1419 the treatment of degenerative disc disease 1407:1448 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 8 72 theme consequent 1574:1583 arg1 pain 1596:1599 back pain 1591:1599 consequent lower back pain 1574:1599 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 9 73 theme cell 1709:1712 arg1 carriers 1714:1721 viable cell carriers 1702:1721 viable cell carriers 1702:1721 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 15 74 theme CCSA 2636:2639 arg1 system 2650:2655 the CCSA delivery system 2632:2655 the CCSA delivery system 2632:2655 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 1 75 theme degeneration 283:294 arg1 origin 253:258 the origin 249:258 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 249:325 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 1 75 theme degeneration 283:294 arg1 degeneration 225:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 7 76 theme degenerative 1424:1435 arg1 disease 1442:1448 degenerative disc disease 1424:1448 degenerative disc disease 1424:1448 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 9 77 theme tissue 1618:1623 arg1 engineering 1625:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering 1602:1635 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 9 77 theme tissue 1618:1623 arg1 method 1652:1657 a promising method 1640:1657 a promising method in NP regeneration 1640:1676 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 12 78 theme collagen 2251:2258 arg1 ratio 2242:2246 the natural ratio 2230:2246 the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP 2230:2277 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 10 79 theme collagen/chondroitin 1826:1845 arg1 CS 1856:1857 CS 1856:1857 CS 1856:1857 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 79 theme collagen/chondroitin 1826:1845 arg1 sulfate 1847:1853 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate 1816:1853 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 6 80 theme degenerated 1224:1234 arg1 NP 1236:1237 the degenerated NP 1220:1237 the degenerated NP 1220:1237 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 1 81 theme consequent 300:309 arg1 pain 322:325 back pain 317:325 consequent lower back pain 300:325 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 12 82 theme sGAG 2264:2267 arg1 ratio 2242:2246 the natural ratio 2230:2246 the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP 2230:2277 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 10 83 theme hydrogel-like 1870:1882 arg1 agent 1946:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 the cross-linking agent 1928:1950 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 83 theme hydrogel-like 1870:1882 arg1 system 1905:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 1816:1910 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 15 84 theme regenerative 2609:2620 arg1 effect 2622:2627 the regenerative effect 2605:2627 the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP 2605:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 12 85 from components 2155:2164 arg1 NP 2173:2174 the NP 2169:2174 the NP 2169:2174 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 1 86 theme pulposus 211:218 arg1 origin 253:258 the origin 249:258 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 249:325 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 1 86 theme pulposus 211:218 arg1 degeneration 225:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 4 87 theme rat 808:810 arg1 model 845:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 7 88 theme exciting 1383:1390 arg1 avenue 1396:1401 an exciting new avenue 1380:1401 an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease 1380:1448 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 3 89 theme cross-linking 698:710 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 89 theme cross-linking 698:710 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 11 90 theme research 1970:1977 arg1 groups 1979:1984 several research groups 1962:1984 several research groups 1962:1984 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 9 91 from method 1652:1657 arg1 regeneration 1665:1676 NP regeneration 1662:1676 NP regeneration 1662:1676 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 4 92 theme vertebrae 822:830 arg1 model 845:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model 806:849 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 2 93 theme stem 353:356 arg1 cell 358:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 12 94 theme natural 2234:2240 arg1 ratio 2242:2246 the natural ratio 2230:2246 the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP 2230:2277 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 7 95 theme NP 1364:1365 arg1 regeneration 1336:1347 the regeneration 1332:1347 the regeneration of degenerated NP 1332:1365 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 0 96 theme degenerated 173:183 arg1 pulposus 193:200 degenerated nucleus pulposus 173:200 degenerated nucleus pulposus 173:200 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 3 97 theme type 584:587 arg1 sulfate 613:619 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate 582:619 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 97 theme type 584:587 arg1 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 14 98 theme scaffold 2471:2478 arg1 bio-stability 2450:2462 the bio-stability 2446:2462 the bio-stability of the scaffold 2446:2478 Genipin is used as a cross-linker to improve the bio-stability of the scaffold, with low cytotoxicity. 29555463 4 99 theme CCSA 906:909 arg1 system 911:916 the CCSA system 902:916 the CCSA system 902:916 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 6 100 theme matrix 1185:1190 arg1 synthesis 1192:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 extracellular matrix synthesis 1171:1200 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 15 101 theme ADSCs 2586:2590 arg1 differentiation 2567:2581 the differentiation 2563:2581 the differentiation of ADSCs 2563:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 2 102 link adipose-derived 337:351 arg1 cell 358:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 15 103 theme degenerated 2660:2670 arg1 NP 2672:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 degenerated NP 2660:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 1 104 dep consequent 300:309 arg1 lower 311:315 lower 311:315 lower 311:315 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 10 105 theme type 1818:1821 arg1 CS 1856:1857 CS 1856:1857 CS 1856:1857 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 10 105 theme type 1818:1821 arg1 sulfate 1847:1853 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate 1816:1853 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 1816:1923 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 15 106 theme system 2650:2655 arg1 effects 2536:2542 the stimulatory effects 2520:2542 the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs 2520:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 15 106 theme system 2650:2655 arg1 effect 2622:2627 the regenerative effect 2605:2627 the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP 2605:2673 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 5 107 theme 0.02 1016:1019 arg1 % 1020:1020 % 1020:1020 % 1020:1020 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 4 108 theme regenerative 879:890 arg1 effect 892:897 the regenerative effect 875:897 the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP 875:938 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 6 109 theme water 1156:1160 arg1 content 1162:1168 water content 1156:1168 water content 1156:1168 After the injection of the CCSA system, the disc height, water content, extracellular matrix synthesis, and structure of the degenerated NP were partly restored. 29555463 0 110 theme delivery 87:94 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 3 111 theme collagen/chondroitin 592:611 arg1 sulfate 613:619 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate 582:619 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 111 theme collagen/chondroitin 592:611 arg1 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 CS 622:623 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 9 112 theme viable 1702:1707 arg1 carriers 1714:1721 viable cell carriers 1702:1721 viable cell carriers 1702:1721 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 12 113 theme main 2184:2187 arg1 collagen 2115:2122 type II collagen 2107:2122 type II collagen 2107:2122 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 113 theme main 2184:2187 arg1 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 113 theme main 2184:2187 arg1 materials 2189:2197 the main materials 2180:2197 the main materials 2180:2197 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 7 114 theme invasive 1301:1308 arg1 approaches 1310:1319 minimally invasive approaches 1291:1319 minimally invasive approaches 1291:1319 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 15 115 theme stimulatory 2524:2534 arg1 effects 2536:2542 the stimulatory effects 2520:2542 the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs 2520:2590 We investigated the stimulatory effects of our scaffold on the differentiation of ADSCs in vitro and the regenerative effect of the CCSA delivery system on degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 9 116 theme carriers 1714:1721 arg1 lack 1694:1697 a lack 1692:1697 a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP 1692:1753 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 8 117 theme Nucleus 1477:1483 arg1 degeneration 1499:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 1464:1510 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 11 118 theme several 1962:1968 arg1 groups 1979:1984 several research groups 1962:1984 several research groups 1962:1984 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 9 119 theme transplant 1726:1735 arg1 ADSCs 1737:1741 transplant ADSCs 1726:1741 transplant ADSCs into the NP 1726:1753 Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising method in NP regeneration, but there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 12 120 theme native 2148:2153 arg1 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 120 theme native 2148:2153 arg1 components 2155:2164 the two primary native components 2132:2164 the two primary native components in the NP 2132:2174 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 121 theme primary 2140:2146 arg1 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 121 theme primary 2140:2146 arg1 components 2155:2164 the two primary native components 2132:2164 the two primary native components in the NP 2132:2174 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 0 122 theme stem 146:149 arg1 cells 151:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 8 123 dep consequent 1574:1583 arg1 lower 1585:1589 lower 1585:1589 lower 1585:1589 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 4 124 theme degenerated 925:935 arg1 NP 937:938 the degenerated NP 921:938 the degenerated NP 921:938 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 11 125 theme other 2085:2089 arg1 works 2091:2095 other works 2085:2095 other works 2085:2095 Although several research groups have studied the fabrication of injectable hydrogel with biological matrix, our study differs from other works. 29555463 5 126 theme NP-specific 1080:1090 arg1 genes 1092:1096 NP-specific genes 1080:1096 NP-specific genes 1080:1096 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 4 127 from effect 733:738 arg1 differentiation 764:778 ADSC differentiation 759:778 ADSC differentiation 759:778 The induction effect of the scaffold on ADSC differentiation was studied in vitro, and a rat coccygeal vertebrae degeneration model was used to investigate the regenerative effect of the CCSA system on the degenerated NP in vivo. 29555463 13 128 theme delivery 2284:2291 arg1 system 2293:2298 The delivery system 2280:2298 The delivery system 2280:2298 The delivery system is preloaded with ADSCs and can be injected into the NP with a needle, followed by in situ gelation. 29555463 7 129 theme CCSA 1265:1268 arg1 system 1279:1284 Our CCSA delivery system 1261:1284 Our CCSA delivery system 1261:1284 Our CCSA delivery system uses minimally invasive approaches to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP and provides an exciting new avenue for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. 29555463 1 130 theme pain 322:325 arg1 origin 253:258 the origin 249:258 the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain 249:325 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 1 130 theme pain 322:325 arg1 degeneration 225:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration 203:236 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 3 131 theme hydrogel-like 636:648 arg1 system 671:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system 582:676 a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin 582:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 3 131 theme hydrogel-like 636:648 arg1 agent 712:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 the cross-linking agent 694:716 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 2 132 dep -based 369:374 arg1 cell 358:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 adipose-derived stem cell 337:361 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 2 133 theme NP 445:446 arg1 treatment 420:428 the treatment 416:428 the treatment of degenerated NP 416:446 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 0 134 theme sulfate 50:56 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 5 135 theme CCSA 977:980 arg1 biocompatible 1034:1046 biocompatible 1034:1046 biocompatible 1034:1046 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 5 135 theme CCSA 977:980 arg1 system 991:996 the CCSA delivery system 973:996 the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin 973:1028 The results showed that the CCSA delivery system cross-linked with 0.02% genipin was biocompatible and promoted the expressions of NP-specific genes. 29555463 2 136 theme cell 475:478 arg1 carriers 480:487 viable cell carriers 468:487 viable cell carriers 468:487 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 12 137 theme type 2107:2110 arg1 materials 2189:2197 the main materials 2180:2197 the main materials 2180:2197 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 137 theme type 2107:2110 arg1 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 CS 2128:2129 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 12 137 theme type 2107:2110 arg1 collagen 2115:2122 type II collagen 2107:2122 type II collagen 2107:2122 We chose type II collagen and CS, the two primary native components in the NP, as the main materials and combined them according to the natural ratio of collagen and sGAG in the NP. 29555463 13 138 dep injected 2335:2342 arg1 followed 2371:2378 followed 2371:2378 followed by in situ gelation 2371:2398 The delivery system is preloaded with ADSCs and can be injected into the NP with a needle, followed by in situ gelation. 29555463 0 139 theme hydrogel-like 68:80 arg1 system 96:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system 21:101 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 2 140 theme cell 539:542 arg1 function 544:551 cell function 539:551 cell function 539:551 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 8 141 theme disc 1552:1555 arg1 degeneration 1557:1568 intervertebral disc degeneration 1537:1568 intervertebral disc degeneration 1537:1568 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 29555463 2 142 theme -based 369:374 arg1 therapy 376:382 adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy 337:382 adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy 337:382 Although adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy is regarded to be promising for the treatment of degenerated NP, there is a lack of viable cell carriers to transplant ADSCs into the NP while maintaining cell function. 29555463 0 143 dep cross-linked 8:19 arg1 regenerates 161:171 regenerates 161:171 regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus 161:200 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 0 143 dep cross-linked 8:19 arg1 induces 103:109 induces 103:109 induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells 103:155 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 0 144 link adipose-derived 130:144 arg1 cells 151:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 adipose-derived stem cells 130:155 Genipin cross-linked type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate composite hydrogel-like cell delivery system induces differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and regenerates degenerated nucleus pulposus. 29555463 3 145 with system 671:676 arg1 genipin 683:689 genipin 683:689 genipin 683:689 In this study, we developed a type II collagen/chondroitin sulfate (CS) composite hydrogel-like ADSC (CCSA) delivery system with genipin as the cross-linking agent. 29555463 1 146 theme disc 278:281 arg1 degeneration 283:294 intervertebral disc degeneration 263:294 intervertebral disc degeneration 263:294 Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration and consequent lower back pain. 31621296 0 0 theme Paramecium 88:97 arg1 bursaria 99:106 Paramecium bursaria 88:106 Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 88:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 5 1 contain containing 1118:1127 arg2 PVs 1129:1131 PVs 1129:1131 PVs 1129:1131 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 5 1 contain containing 1118:1127 arg1 samples 1110:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples 1025:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs 1025:1131 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 4 2 theme new 824:826 arg1 OrbiSIMS 812:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 4 2 theme new 824:826 arg1 spectrometer 849:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer 822:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging 822:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 1 3 with relationship 245:256 arg1 algae 281:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 3 with relationship 245:256 arg1 variabilis 298:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 4 theme single-celled 165:177 arg1 protist 149:155 The protist 145:155 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms) 145:188 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 4 theme single-celled 165:177 arg1 organisms 179:187 mostly single-celled organisms 158:187 mostly single-celled organisms 158:187 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 6 5 theme endosymbionts 1285:1297 arg1 proximity 1258:1266 close proximity 1252:1266 close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria 1252:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 1 6 theme single-celled 267:279 arg1 algae 281:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 6 theme single-celled 267:279 arg1 variabilis 298:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 4 7 theme biomolecular 964:975 arg1 interactions 977:988 biomolecular interactions 964:988 biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont 964:1022 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 3 8 dep using 709:713 arg1 known 761:765 known 761:765 is known about the molecular composition 758:797 The membrane is fragile and difficult to analyze using conventional methods therefore very little is known about the molecular composition. 31621296 4 9 dep host 1002:1005 arg1 the 998:1000 the 998:1000 the 998:1000 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 1 10 from viruses 429:435 arg1 dioxide 382:388 carbon dioxide 375:388 carbon dioxide for photosynthesis 375:407 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 10 from viruses 429:435 arg1 nutrients 337:345 nutrients 337:345 nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+) 337:372 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 10 from viruses 429:435 arg1 protection 413:422 protection 413:422 protection from viruses 413:435 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 2 11 theme PV 569:570 arg1 membrane 573:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 7 12 theme free-living 1429:1439 arg1 algae 1441:1445 free-living algae 1429:1445 free-living algae 1429:1445 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 13 from algae 1441:1445 arg1 absent 1419:1424 absent 1419:1424 absent 1419:1424 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 3 14 theme molecular 777:785 arg1 composition 787:797 the molecular composition 773:797 the molecular composition 773:797 The membrane is fragile and difficult to analyze using conventional methods therefore very little is known about the molecular composition. 31621296 0 15 theme bursaria 99:106 arg1 Membrane 76:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane 54:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 54:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 4 16 theme high-resolution 828:842 arg1 OrbiSIMS 812:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 4 16 theme high-resolution 828:842 arg1 spectrometer 849:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer 822:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging 822:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 6 17 theme oligosaccharides 1232:1247 arg1 localizations 1215:1227 chemical localizations 1206:1227 chemical localizations of oligosaccharides 1206:1247 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 1 18 theme Chlorella 288:296 arg1 algae 281:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 the single-celled algae 263:285 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 18 theme Chlorella 288:296 arg1 variabilis 298:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 Chlorella variabilis 288:307 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 0 19 theme Chlorella 123:131 arg1 variabilis 133:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 6 20 theme C. 1271:1272 arg1 endosymbionts 1285:1297 C. variabilis endosymbionts 1271:1297 C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria 1271:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 2 21 theme C. 599:600 arg1 variabilis 602:611 C. variabilis 599:611 C. variabilis 599:611 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 7 22 theme absent 1419:1424 arg1 algae 1489:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 0 23 theme Symbiotic 113:121 arg1 variabilis 133:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 1 24 theme C. 444:445 arg1 variabilis 447:456 C. variabilis 444:456 C. variabilis 444:456 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 4 25 theme endosymbionts 936:948 arg1 compartmentalization 912:931 the compartmentalization 908:931 the compartmentalization of endosymbionts 908:948 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 5 26 theme specific 1087:1094 arg1 samples 1110:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples 1025:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs 1025:1131 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 6 27 theme chemical 1206:1213 arg1 localizations 1215:1227 chemical localizations 1206:1227 chemical localizations of oligosaccharides 1206:1247 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 6 28 theme variabilis 1274:1283 arg1 endosymbionts 1285:1297 C. variabilis endosymbionts 1271:1297 C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria 1271:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 1 29 theme Paramecium 191:200 arg1 bursaria 202:209 Paramecium bursaria 191:209 Paramecium bursaria 191:209 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 1 29 theme Paramecium 191:200 arg1 protist 149:155 The protist 145:155 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms) 145:188 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 0 30 theme OrbiSIMS 0:7 arg1 Imaging 9:15 OrbiSIMS Imaging 0:15 OrbiSIMS Imaging 0:15 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 1 31 dep Ca2+ 354:357 arg1 i.e. 348:351 i.e. 348:351 i.e. 348:351 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 7 32 theme P. 1498:1499 arg1 bursaria 1501:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 33 from vacuole 1461:1467 arg1 absent 1419:1424 absent 1419:1424 absent 1419:1424 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 6 34 from bursaria 1305:1312 arg1 proximity 1258:1266 close proximity 1252:1266 close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria 1252:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 35 contain containing 1380:1389 arg2 algae 1489:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 35 contain containing 1380:1389 arg1 samples 1372:1378 host-endosymbiont samples 1354:1378 host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria 1354:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 35 contain containing 1380:1389 arg2 algae 1409:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 6 36 theme close 1252:1256 arg1 proximity 1258:1266 close proximity 1252:1266 close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria 1252:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 0 37 theme Molecular 28:36 arg1 Constituents 38:49 Molecular Constituents 28:49 Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 28:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 3 38 theme conventional 715:726 arg1 methods 728:734 conventional methods 715:734 conventional methods 715:734 The membrane is fragile and difficult to analyze using conventional methods therefore very little is known about the molecular composition. 31621296 0 39 with bursaria 99:106 arg1 variabilis 133:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 113:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 5 40 from region 1039:1044 arg1 Ions 1025:1028 Ions 1025:1028 Ions from the region of interest 1025:1056 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 2 41 theme successful 519:528 arg1 relationship 530:541 this successful relationship 514:541 this successful relationship 514:541 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 7 42 theme membrane-bound 1394:1407 arg1 algae 1409:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 5 43 theme chemical 1157:1164 arg1 mapping 1166:1172 chemical mapping 1157:1172 chemical mapping 1157:1172 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 1 44 theme P. 316:317 arg1 bursaria 319:326 P. bursaria 316:326 P. bursaria 316:326 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 6 45 theme P. 1302:1303 arg1 bursaria 1305:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 4 46 with spectrometer 849:860 arg1 imaging 890:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 1 47 theme carbon 375:380 arg1 dioxide 382:388 carbon dioxide 375:388 carbon dioxide for photosynthesis 375:407 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 7 48 theme digestive 1451:1459 arg1 vacuole 1461:1467 digestive vacuole 1451:1467 digestive vacuole 1451:1467 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 1 49 theme intracellular 221:233 arg1 relationship 245:256 an intracellular symbiotic relationship 218:256 an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, 218:308 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 0 50 theme Perialgal 58:66 arg1 Membrane 76:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane 54:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 54:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 2 51 theme vacuole 560:566 arg1 membrane 573:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 5 52 theme C. 1068:1069 arg1 variabilis 1071:1080 C. variabilis 1068:1080 C. variabilis 1068:1080 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 5 53 theme Ions 1025:1028 arg1 samples 1110:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples 1025:1116 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs 1025:1131 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 1 54 theme carbon 475:480 arg1 fixation 482:489 carbon fixation 475:489 carbon fixation 475:489 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 7 55 dep absent 1419:1424 arg1 DV 1470:1471 DV 1470:1471 DV 1470:1471 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 56 from algae 1489:1493 arg1 bursaria 1501:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 4 57 used used 803:806 arg2 We 800:801 We 800:801 We 800:801 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 2 58 theme perialgal 550:558 arg1 membrane 573:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane 546:580 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 7 59 theme host-endosymbiont 1354:1370 arg1 samples 1372:1378 host-endosymbiont samples 1354:1378 host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria 1354:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 2 60 dep membrane 573:580 arg1 Key 507:509 Key 507:509 Key 507:509 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 4 61 theme mass 844:847 arg1 OrbiSIMS 812:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 the OrbiSIMS 808:819 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 4 61 theme mass 844:847 arg1 spectrometer 849:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer 822:860 a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging 822:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 4 62 theme resolution 879:888 arg1 imaging 890:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 2 63 theme P. 647:648 arg1 bursaria 650:657 P. bursaria 647:657 P. bursaria 647:657 Key to this successful relationship is the perialgal vacuole (PV) membrane, which surrounds C. variabilis and protects it from digestion by P. bursaria. 31621296 7 64 theme PV 1391:1392 arg1 algae 1409:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 PV membrane-bound algae 1391:1413 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 1 65 theme symbiotic 235:243 arg1 relationship 245:256 an intracellular symbiotic relationship 218:256 an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, 218:308 The protist (mostly single-celled organisms), Paramecium bursaria, forms an intracellular symbiotic relationship with the single-celled algae, Chlorella variabilis, where P. bursaria provides nutrients (i.e., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+), carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and protection from viruses, while C. variabilis provides oxygen, carbon fixation, and nutrients. 31621296 4 66 theme subcellular 867:877 arg1 imaging 890:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 subcellular resolution imaging 867:896 We used the OrbiSIMS, a new high-resolution mass spectrometer with subcellular resolution imaging, to study the compartmentalization of endosymbionts and elucidate biomolecular interactions between the host and endosymbiont. 31621296 5 67 dep mapping 1166:1172 arg1 the 1153:1155 the 1153:1155 the 1153:1155 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 7 68 from algae 1409:1413 arg1 bursaria 1501:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 P. bursaria 1498:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 5 69 theme ions 1192:1195 arg1 masses 1178:1183 masses 1178:1183 masses 1178:1183 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 5 69 theme ions 1192:1195 arg1 mapping 1166:1172 chemical mapping 1157:1172 chemical mapping 1157:1172 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 0 70 theme Membrane 76:83 arg1 Constituents 38:49 Molecular Constituents 28:49 Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 28:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 5 71 theme interest 1049:1056 arg1 region 1039:1044 the region 1035:1044 the region of interest 1035:1056 Ions from the region of interest, close to C. variabilis, and specific to the target samples containing PVs were found based on the chemical mapping and masses of the ions. 31621296 6 72 from endosymbionts 1285:1297 arg1 bursaria 1305:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 6 73 from proximity 1258:1266 arg1 bursaria 1305:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 P. bursaria 1302:1312 We show chemical localizations of oligosaccharides in close proximity of C. variabilis endosymbionts in P. bursaria. 31621296 0 74 theme Vacuole 68:74 arg1 Membrane 76:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane 54:83 the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis 54:142 OrbiSIMS Imaging Identifies Molecular Constituents of the Perialgal Vacuole Membrane of Paramecium bursaria with Symbiotic Chlorella variabilis. 31621296 7 75 theme membrane-bound 1474:1487 arg1 algae 1489:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae 1419:1493 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 76 located detected 1342:1349 arg1 samples 1372:1378 host-endosymbiont samples 1354:1378 host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria 1354:1508 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 76 located detected 1342:1349 arg2 oligosaccharides 1321:1336 These oligosaccharides 1315:1336 These oligosaccharides 1315:1336 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 77 from absent 1419:1424 arg1 vacuole 1461:1467 digestive vacuole 1451:1467 digestive vacuole 1451:1467 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 31621296 7 77 from absent 1419:1424 arg1 algae 1441:1445 free-living algae 1429:1445 free-living algae 1429:1445 These oligosaccharides are detected in host-endosymbiont samples containing PV membrane-bound algae and absent in free-living algae and digestive vacuole (DV) membrane-bound algae in P. bursaria. 29425764 4 0 theme melting 959:965 arg1 up 984:985 melting point depression up 959:985 melting point depression up to 20 °C 959:994 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 5 1 from possible 1105:1112 arg1 general 1090:1096 general 1090:1096 general 1090:1096 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 3 2 theme drug 722:725 arg1 point 735:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 3 3 theme melting 727:733 arg1 point 735:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 5 4 theme lower 1151:1155 arg1 temperatures 1157:1168 lower temperatures 1151:1168 lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg 1151:1197 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 2 5 theme ritonavir 456:464 arg1 solubilities 396:407 the solubilities 392:407 the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® 392:534 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 3 6 theme point 858:862 arg1 depression 832:841 the depression 828:841 the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content 828:895 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 2 7 theme room 597:600 arg1 temperature 602:612 room temperature 597:612 room temperature 597:612 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 1 8 theme drug 347:350 arg1 properties 324:333 physicochemical properties 308:333 physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer 308:366 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 7 9 theme physicochemical 1568:1582 arg1 properties 1584:1593 the physicochemical properties 1564:1593 the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer 1564:1617 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 3 10 theme content 889:895 arg1 function 869:876 a function 867:876 a function of polymer content 867:895 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 6 11 theme Tg 1307:1308 arg1 dependence 1289:1298 the experimental composition dependence 1260:1298 the experimental composition dependence of the Tg 1260:1308 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 11 theme Tg 1307:1308 arg1 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 7 12 theme polymer 1611:1617 arg1 properties 1584:1593 the physicochemical properties 1564:1593 the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer 1564:1617 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 4 13 theme transition 1012:1021 arg1 Tg 1036:1037 Tg 1036:1037 Tg 1036:1037 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 4 13 theme transition 1012:1021 arg1 temperature 1023:1033 the glass transition temperature 1002:1033 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems 1002:1070 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 1 14 theme drug-polymer 149:160 arg1 solubility 162:171 drug-polymer solubility 149:171 drug-polymer solubility 149:171 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 2 15 theme hydroxypropyl 491:503 arg1 methylcellulose 505:519 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 491:519 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 491:519 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 3 16 theme well-defined 709:720 arg1 point 735:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 a well-defined drug melting point 707:739 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 7 17 theme drug 1602:1605 arg1 properties 1584:1593 the physicochemical properties 1564:1593 the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer 1564:1617 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 2 18 theme indomethacin 423:434 arg1 solubilities 396:407 the solubilities 392:407 the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® 392:534 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 1 19 theme polymer 360:366 arg1 properties 324:333 physicochemical properties 308:333 physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer 308:366 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 2 20 theme Flory-Huggins 624:636 arg1 model 638:642 the Flory-Huggins model 620:642 the Flory-Huggins model 620:642 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 3 21 theme polymer 881:887 arg1 content 889:895 polymer content 881:895 polymer content 881:895 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 6 22 theme composition 1277:1287 arg1 dependence 1289:1298 the experimental composition dependence 1260:1298 the experimental composition dependence of the Tg 1260:1308 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 22 theme composition 1277:1287 arg1 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 23 dep 90 1369:1370 arg1 to 1366:1367 to 1366:1367 to 1366:1367 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 1 24 dep predict 141:147 arg1 method 199:204 melting point depression method 174:204 melting point depression method 174:204 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 1 24 dep predict 141:147 arg1 method 228:233 recrystallization method 210:233 recrystallization method 210:233 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 1 25 theme melting 174:180 arg1 method 199:204 melting point depression method 174:204 melting point depression method 174:204 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 2 26 theme celecoxib 412:420 arg1 solubilities 396:407 the solubilities 392:407 the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® 392:534 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 5 27 theme solubility 1124:1133 arg1 measurements 1135:1146 solubility measurements 1124:1146 solubility measurements 1124:1146 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 1 28 theme present 87:93 arg1 study 95:99 the present study 83:99 the present study 83:99 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 1 29 theme point 182:186 arg1 method 199:204 melting point depression method 174:204 melting point depression method 174:204 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 3 30 theme melting 653:659 arg1 method 678:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 1 31 theme study 95:99 arg1 aim 76:78 The aim 72:78 The aim of the present study 72:99 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 5 32 from general 1090:1096 arg1 possible 1105:1112 possible 1105:1112 possible 1105:1112 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 1 33 theme depression 188:197 arg1 method 199:204 melting point depression method 174:204 melting point depression method 174:204 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 4 34 theme depression 973:982 arg1 up 984:985 melting point depression up 959:985 melting point depression up to 20 °C 959:994 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 1 35 theme suitable 283:290 arg1 method 292:297 the most suitable method 274:297 the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer 274:366 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 4 36 theme previous 913:920 arg1 findings 922:929 previous findings 913:929 previous findings 913:929 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 3 37 theme point 661:665 arg1 method 678:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 4 38 theme glass 1006:1010 arg1 transition 1012:1021 the glass transition 1002:1021 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems 1002:1070 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 0 39 theme methods 28:34 arg1 Comparison 0:9 Comparison 0:9 Comparison of two DSC-based methods 0:34 Comparison of two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility. 29425764 3 40 theme drug-polymer 774:785 arg1 solubility 787:796 drug-polymer solubility 774:796 drug-polymer solubility 774:796 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 4 41 theme point 967:971 arg1 up 984:985 melting point depression up 959:985 melting point depression up to 20 °C 959:994 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 4 42 from contrast 901:908 arg1 possible 939:946 possible 939:946 possible 939:946 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 0 43 theme DSC-based 18:26 arg1 methods 28:34 two DSC-based methods 14:34 two DSC-based methods 14:34 Comparison of two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility. 29425764 0 44 theme drug-polymer 47:58 arg1 solubility 60:69 drug-polymer solubility 47:69 drug-polymer solubility 47:69 Comparison of two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility. 29425764 7 45 theme drug-polymer 1531:1542 arg1 solubility 1544:1553 drug-polymer solubility 1531:1553 drug-polymer solubility 1531:1553 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 6 46 dep drug 1373:1376 arg1 % 1371:1371 % 1371:1371 % 1371:1371 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 5 47 with polymers 1176:1183 arg1 Tg 1196:1197 a low Tg 1190:1197 a low Tg 1190:1197 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 6 48 theme experimental 1264:1275 arg1 dependence 1289:1298 the experimental composition dependence 1260:1298 the experimental composition dependence of the Tg 1260:1308 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 48 theme experimental 1264:1275 arg1 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 differentiable 1318:1331 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 49 dep % 1371:1371 arg1 90 1369:1370 90 1369:1370 90 1369:1370 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 6 50 theme recrystallization 1217:1233 arg1 method 1235:1240 the recrystallization method 1213:1240 the recrystallization method 1213:1240 Finally, for the recrystallization method it was found that the experimental composition dependence of the Tg must be differentiable for compositions ranging from 50 to 90% drug (w/w) so that one Tg corresponds to only one composition. 29425764 7 51 theme decision 1649:1656 arg1 tree 1658:1661 a decision tree 1647:1661 a decision tree 1647:1661 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 1 52 theme physicochemical 308:322 arg1 properties 324:333 physicochemical properties 308:333 physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer 308:366 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 3 53 theme melting 850:856 arg1 point 858:862 the melting point 846:862 the melting point as a function of polymer content 846:895 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 1 54 theme recrystallization 210:226 arg1 method 228:233 recrystallization method 210:233 recrystallization method 210:233 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 2 55 theme elevated 555:562 arg1 temperatures 564:575 elevated temperatures 555:575 elevated temperatures 555:575 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 3 56 theme depression 667:676 arg1 method 678:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 the melting point depression method 649:683 For the melting point depression method, it was observed that a well-defined drug melting point was required in order to predict drug-polymer solubility, since the method is based on the depression of the melting point as a function of polymer content. 29425764 4 57 theme polymer 1047:1053 arg1 Tg 1036:1037 Tg 1036:1037 Tg 1036:1037 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 4 57 theme polymer 1047:1053 arg1 temperature 1023:1033 the glass transition temperature 1002:1033 the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems 1002:1070 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 29425764 7 58 theme thermal 1505:1511 arg1 method 1513:1518 the most suitable thermal method 1487:1518 the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer 1487:1617 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 1 59 theme DSC-based 120:128 arg1 methods 130:136 two DSC-based methods 116:136 two DSC-based methods 116:136 The aim of the present study was to compare two DSC-based methods to predict drug-polymer solubility (melting point depression method and recrystallization method) and propose a guideline for selecting the most suitable method based on physicochemical properties of both the drug and the polymer. 29425764 7 60 theme tree 1658:1661 arg1 form 1639:1642 the form 1635:1642 the form of a decision tree 1635:1661 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 5 61 theme low 1192:1194 arg1 Tg 1196:1197 a low Tg 1190:1197 a low Tg 1190:1197 Nevertheless, in general it was possible to obtain solubility measurements at lower temperatures using polymers with a low Tg. 29425764 2 62 theme carbamazepine 437:449 arg1 solubilities 396:407 the solubilities 392:407 the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® 392:534 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 2 63 from solubilities 396:407 arg1 polyvinylpyrrolidone 469:488 polyvinylpyrrolidone 469:488 polyvinylpyrrolidone 469:488 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 2 63 from solubilities 396:407 arg1 methylcellulose 505:519 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 491:519 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 491:519 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 2 63 from solubilities 396:407 arg1 Soluplus® 526:534 Soluplus® 526:534 Soluplus® 526:534 Using the two methods, the solubilities of celecoxib, indomethacin, carbamazepine, and ritonavir in polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Soluplus® were determined at elevated temperatures and extrapolated to room temperature using the Flory-Huggins model. 29425764 7 64 theme suitable 1496:1503 arg1 method 1513:1518 the most suitable thermal method 1487:1518 the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer 1487:1617 Based on these findings, a guideline for selecting the most suitable thermal method to predict drug-polymer solubility based on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymer is suggested in the form of a decision tree. 29425764 4 65 from possible 939:946 arg1 contrast 901:908 contrast 901:908 contrast to previous findings 901:929 In contrast to previous findings, it was possible to measure melting point depression up to 20 °C below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer for some systems. 31256371 4 0 theme capable 527:533 arg1 enzyme 520:525 no enzyme 517:525 no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans 517:565 However procedures for profiling Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains are still a challenge since there is no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans. 31256371 1 1 gly glycoproteins 178:190 arg1 glycoproteins 178:190 whole glycoproteins 172:190 whole glycoproteins 172:190 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 5 2 theme Simplistic 568:577 arg1 profiling 579:587 Simplistic profiling 568:587 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains 568:612 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 3 3 theme N-linked 351:358 arg1 glycans 360:366 N-linked glycans 351:366 N-linked glycans 351:366 Profiling of N-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry is well established. 31256371 5 4 theme 2-aminobenzoic 670:683 arg1 AA 666:667 AA 666:667 AA 666:667 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 4 theme 2-aminobenzoic 670:683 arg1 acid 685:688 2-aminobenzoic acid 670:688 2-aminobenzoic acid 670:688 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 7 5 theme simple 1111:1116 arg1 protocols 1133:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 3 6 theme mass 380:383 arg1 spectrometry 385:396 mass spectrometry 380:396 mass spectrometry 380:396 Profiling of N-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry is well established. 31256371 1 7 theme carbohydrate 53:64 arg1 structures 66:75 carbohydrate structures 53:75 carbohydrate structures 53:75 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 6 8 theme sugar 983:987 arg1 chains 989:994 sugar chains 983:994 sugar chains 983:994 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 5 9 dep chemistry 706:714 arg1 the 634:636 the 634:636 the 634:636 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 9 dep chemistry 706:714 arg1 Biochem 731:737 Anal Biochem 457:31-37 726:747 Anal Biochem 457:31-37 726:747 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 9 dep chemistry 706:714 arg1 virtue 638:643 virtue 638:643 virtue 638:643 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 9 dep chemistry 706:714 arg1 Anumula 717:723 Anumula 717:723 Anumula 717:723 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 7 10 theme Such 1106:1109 arg1 protocols 1133:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 1 11 theme structures 66:75 arg1 part 92:95 an integral part 80:95 an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins 80:190 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 1 11 theme structures 66:75 arg1 Analysis 41:48 Analysis 41:48 Analysis of carbohydrate structures 41:75 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 4 12 link Ser/Thr-linked 452:465 arg1 chains 473:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 However procedures for profiling Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains are still a challenge since there is no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans. 31256371 6 13 theme sugar 890:894 arg1 chains 896:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 5 14 theme anthranilic 648:658 arg1 acid 660:663 anthranilic acid 648:663 anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014) 648:754 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 1 15 theme whole 172:176 arg1 glycoproteins 178:190 whole glycoproteins 172:190 whole glycoproteins 172:190 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 5 16 dep acid 660:663 arg1 2-AA 691:694 2-AA 691:694 2-AA 691:694 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 16 dep acid 660:663 arg1 AA 666:667 AA 666:667 AA 666:667 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 16 dep acid 660:663 arg1 acid 685:688 2-aminobenzoic acid 670:688 2-aminobenzoic acid 670:688 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 6 17 theme O-linked 881:888 arg1 chains 896:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 5 18 theme acid 660:663 arg1 chemistry 706:714 anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry 648:714 anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014) 648:754 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 19 theme chains 607:612 arg1 profiling 579:587 Simplistic profiling 568:587 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains 568:612 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 2 20 theme considerable 281:292 arg1 light 294:298 considerable light 281:298 considerable light 281:298 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 5 21 theme isolation 800:808 arg1 steps 810:814 intermediary isolation steps 787:814 intermediary isolation steps 787:814 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 6 22 from 2-AA 1035:1038 arg1 mixture 1061:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 1 23 theme integral 83:90 arg1 part 92:95 an integral part 80:95 an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins 80:190 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 1 23 theme integral 83:90 arg1 Analysis 41:48 Analysis 41:48 Analysis of carbohydrate structures 41:75 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 7 24 theme biotechnology 1171:1183 arg1 industry 1185:1192 the biotechnology industry 1167:1192 not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins 1158:1261 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 8 25 theme Detailed 1264:1271 arg1 analysis 1283:1290 Detailed structure analysis 1264:1290 Detailed structure analysis 1264:1290 Detailed structure analysis is possible with AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR. 31256371 7 26 gly glycoproteins 1249:1261 arg1 glycoproteins 1249:1261 glycoproteins 1249:1261 glycoproteins 1249:1261 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 3 27 link N-linked 351:358 arg1 glycans 360:366 N-linked glycans 351:366 N-linked glycans 351:366 Profiling of N-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry is well established. 31256371 6 28 theme reaction 1052:1059 arg1 mixture 1061:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 0 29 theme Sugar 27:31 arg1 Chains 33:38 Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains 12:38 Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains 12:38 Analysis of Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains. 31256371 8 30 theme mass 1334:1337 arg1 spectrometry 1339:1350 mass spectrometry 1334:1350 mass spectrometry 1334:1350 Detailed structure analysis is possible with AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR. 31256371 6 31 link O-linked 881:888 arg1 chains 896:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains 881:901 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 0 32 theme Ser/Thr-Linked 12:25 arg1 Chains 33:38 Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains 12:38 Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains 12:38 Analysis of Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains. 31256371 2 33 theme Glycan 193:198 arg1 technique 260:268 a powerful technique 249:268 a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures 249:335 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 2 33 theme Glycan 193:198 arg1 profiling 200:208 Glycan profiling 193:208 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection 193:244 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 2 34 theme glycan 319:324 arg1 structures 326:335 glycan structures 319:335 glycan structures 319:335 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 7 35 theme academic 1203:1210 arg1 laboratories 1212:1223 academic laboratories 1203:1223 not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins 1158:1261 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 8 36 theme structure 1273:1281 arg1 analysis 1283:1290 Detailed structure analysis 1264:1290 Detailed structure analysis 1264:1290 Detailed structure analysis is possible with AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR. 31256371 8 37 theme AA-labeled 1309:1318 arg1 glycans 1320:1326 AA-labeled glycans 1309:1326 AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR 1309:1358 Detailed structure analysis is possible with AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR. 31256371 0 38 theme Chains 33:38 arg1 Analysis 0:7 Analysis 0:7 Analysis of Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains. 0:39 Analysis of Ser/Thr-Linked Sugar Chains. 31256371 5 39 link O-linked 592:599 arg1 chains 607:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 40 theme Anal 726:729 arg1 Anumula 717:723 Anumula 717:723 Anumula 717:723 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 40 theme Anal 726:729 arg1 Biochem 731:737 Anal Biochem 457:31-37 726:747 Anal Biochem 457:31-37 726:747 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 41 theme chromatographic 837:851 arg1 purification 853:864 chromatographic purification 837:864 chromatographic purification 837:864 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 7 42 theme hydrazinolysis 1118:1131 arg1 protocols 1133:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols 1106:1141 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 4 43 theme intact 552:557 arg1 glycans 559:565 the intact glycans 548:565 the intact glycans 548:565 However procedures for profiling Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains are still a challenge since there is no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans. 31256371 8 44 with possible 1295:1302 arg1 glycans 1320:1326 AA-labeled glycans 1309:1326 AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR 1309:1358 Detailed structure analysis is possible with AA-labeled glycans using mass spectrometry and NMR. 31256371 6 45 theme 6 h. 948:951 arg1 Hydrazine 953:961 6 h. Hydrazine 948:961 6 h. Hydrazine 948:961 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 5 46 theme intermediary 787:798 arg1 steps 810:814 intermediary isolation steps 787:814 intermediary isolation steps 787:814 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 4 47 theme sugar 467:471 arg1 chains 473:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 However procedures for profiling Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains are still a challenge since there is no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans. 31256371 2 48 theme fluorescence 223:234 arg1 detection 236:244 fluorescence detection 223:244 fluorescence detection 223:244 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 5 49 theme O-linked 592:599 arg1 chains 607:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 1 50 theme structure-function 118:135 arg1 relationship 137:148 the structure-function relationship 114:148 the structure-function relationship of glycans 114:159 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 5 51 dep desalting 823:831 arg1 e.g. 817:820 e.g. 817:820 e.g. 817:820 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 52 theme labeling 697:704 arg1 chemistry 706:714 anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry 648:714 anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014) 648:754 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 4 53 theme Ser/Thr-linked 452:465 arg1 chains 473:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains 452:478 However procedures for profiling Ser/Thr-linked sugar chains are still a challenge since there is no enzyme capable of releasing the intact glycans. 31256371 5 54 theme sugar 601:605 arg1 chains 607:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 O-linked sugar chains 592:612 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 5 55 theme chemistry 706:714 arg1 possible 617:624 possible 617:624 possible 617:624 Simplistic profiling of O-linked sugar chains is possible only by the virtue of anthranilic acid (AA, 2-aminobenzoic acid, 2-AA) labeling chemistry (Anumula, Anal Biochem 457:31-37, 2014), which eliminates the need for intermediary isolation steps, e.g., desalting and chromatographic purification, for labeling. 31256371 6 56 theme Amide-80 1089:1096 arg1 column 1098:1103 an Amide-80 column 1086:1103 an Amide-80 column 1086:1103 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 3 57 theme glycans 360:366 arg1 Profiling 338:346 Profiling 338:346 Profiling of N-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry 338:396 Profiling of N-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry is well established. 31256371 6 58 theme same 1047:1050 arg1 mixture 1061:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 the same reaction mixture 1043:1067 O-linked sugar chains were released by hydrazinolysis at 60 °C for 6 h. Hydrazine was evaporated, and sugar chains were N-acetylated and derivatized with 2-AA in the same reaction mixture and separated on an Amide-80 column. 31256371 1 59 theme glycans 153:159 arg1 relationship 137:148 the structure-function relationship 114:148 the structure-function relationship of glycans 114:159 Analysis of carbohydrate structures is an integral part of understanding the structure-function relationship of glycans as well as whole glycoproteins. 31256371 7 60 theme glycoproteins 1249:1261 arg1 characterization 1229:1244 characterization 1229:1244 characterization of glycoproteins 1229:1261 Such simple hydrazinolysis protocols should benefit not only the biotechnology industry but also academic laboratories for characterization of glycoproteins. 31256371 2 61 theme powerful 251:258 arg1 technique 260:268 a powerful technique 249:268 a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures 249:335 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 2 61 theme powerful 251:258 arg1 profiling 200:208 Glycan profiling 193:208 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection 193:244 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31256371 2 62 with profiling 200:208 arg1 detection 236:244 fluorescence detection 223:244 fluorescence detection 223:244 Glycan profiling by HPLC with fluorescence detection is a powerful technique that sheds considerable light into understanding glycan structures. 31499949 4 0 theme tensile 559:565 arg1 stress 567:572 tensile stress 559:572 tensile stress 559:572 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 5 1 theme wound 696:700 arg1 model 702:706 a murine wound model 687:706 a murine wound model 687:706 In a murine wound model, the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing. 31499949 4 2 theme wound 628:632 arg1 ability 659:665 wound environmental regulation ability 628:665 wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel 628:681 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 5 3 theme wound 778:782 arg1 healing 784:790 wound healing 778:790 wound healing 778:790 In a murine wound model, the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing. 31499949 4 4 dep 46.87 MPa 583:591 arg1 up 577:578 up 577:578 up 577:578 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 4 5 theme regulation 648:657 arg1 ability 659:665 wound environmental regulation ability 628:665 wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel 628:681 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 4 6 theme mechanical 538:547 arg1 strength 549:556 the mechanical strength 534:556 the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa) 534:592 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 1 7 theme PVA-chitosan 74:85 arg1 hydrogel 97:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 4 8 theme environmental 634:646 arg1 ability 659:665 wound environmental regulation ability 628:665 wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel 628:681 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 1 9 theme composite 87:95 arg1 hydrogel 97:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 2 10 theme wound 317:321 arg1 dressing 323:330 wound dressing 317:330 wound dressing 317:330 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 0 11 theme lignin-chitosan-PVA 6:24 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 0:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing 0:62 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing. 31499949 6 12 theme wound 869:873 arg1 care 875:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 The developed hydrogel provides new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management. 31499949 0 13 theme Novel 0:4 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 0:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing 0:62 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing. 31499949 4 14 theme adsorption 603:612 arg1 capacity 614:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 5 15 theme murine 689:694 arg1 model 702:706 a murine wound model 687:706 a murine wound model 687:706 In a murine wound model, the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing. 31499949 6 16 theme skin 864:867 arg1 care 875:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 The developed hydrogel provides new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management. 31499949 1 17 theme excellent 110:118 arg1 biocompatibility 120:135 excellent biocompatibility 110:135 excellent biocompatibility 110:135 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 1 18 theme wound 220:224 arg1 dressings 226:234 wound dressings 220:234 wound dressings 220:234 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 3 19 theme novel 409:413 arg1 dressing 476:483 wound dressing 470:483 wound dressing 470:483 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 3 19 theme novel 409:413 arg1 hydrogel 445:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 4 20 theme protein 595:601 arg1 capacity 614:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 6 21 theme efficient 854:862 arg1 care 875:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 highly efficient skin wound care 847:878 The developed hydrogel provides new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management. 31499949 3 22 theme lignin-chitosan-PVA 415:433 arg1 dressing 476:483 wound dressing 470:483 wound dressing 470:483 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 3 22 theme lignin-chitosan-PVA 415:433 arg1 hydrogel 445:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 2 23 theme dressing 323:330 arg1 conditioner 352:362 an environmental conditioner 335:362 an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing 335:390 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 2 23 theme dressing 323:330 arg1 requirements 301:312 the requirements 297:312 the requirements of wound dressing 297:330 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 4 24 theme lignin 506:511 arg1 introduction 490:501 The introduction 486:501 The introduction of lignin 486:511 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 2 25 theme environmental 338:350 arg1 conditioner 352:362 an environmental conditioner 335:362 an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing 335:390 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 2 25 theme environmental 338:350 arg1 requirements 301:312 the requirements 297:312 the requirements of wound dressing 297:330 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 0 26 theme wound 49:53 arg1 dressing 55:62 wound dressing 49:62 wound dressing 49:62 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing. 31499949 3 27 theme wound 470:474 arg1 dressing 476:483 wound dressing 470:483 wound dressing 470:483 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 3 27 theme wound 470:474 arg1 hydrogel 445:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 5 28 theme lignin-chitosan-PVA 713:731 arg1 hydrogel 743:750 the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 709:750 the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 709:750 In a murine wound model, the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing. 31499949 4 29 dep strength 549:556 arg1 46.87 MPa 583:591 46.87 MPa 583:591 46.87 MPa 583:591 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 2 30 theme composite 263:271 arg1 hydrogel 273:280 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 250:280 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 250:280 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 1 31 theme antibacterial 141:153 arg1 ability 155:161 antibacterial ability 141:161 antibacterial ability 141:161 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 5 32 theme composite 733:741 arg1 hydrogel 743:750 the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 709:750 the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 709:750 In a murine wound model, the lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound healing. 31499949 2 33 theme PVA-chitosan 250:261 arg1 hydrogel 273:280 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 250:280 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 250:280 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 1 34 contain has 106:108 arg1 hydrogel 97:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel 74:104 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 1 34 contain has 106:108 arg2 ability 155:161 antibacterial ability 141:161 antibacterial ability 141:161 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 1 34 contain has 106:108 arg2 biocompatibility 120:135 excellent biocompatibility 110:135 excellent biocompatibility 110:135 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 6 35 theme new 825:827 arg1 opportunities 829:841 new opportunities 825:841 new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management 825:893 The developed hydrogel provides new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management. 31499949 2 36 theme wound 378:382 arg1 healing 384:390 wound healing 378:390 wound healing 378:390 Furthermore, PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel cannot satisfy the requirements of wound dressing as an environmental conditioner to accelerate wound healing. 31499949 1 37 theme mechanical 173:182 arg1 strength 184:191 its poor mechanical strength 164:191 its poor mechanical strength 164:191 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 1 38 theme poor 168:171 arg1 strength 184:191 its poor mechanical strength 164:191 its poor mechanical strength 164:191 Although PVA-chitosan composite hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial ability, its poor mechanical strength limits its application for wound dressings. 31499949 4 39 theme hydrogel 674:681 arg1 strength 549:556 the mechanical strength 534:556 the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa) 534:592 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 4 39 theme hydrogel 674:681 arg1 capacity 614:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 protein adsorption capacity 595:621 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 4 39 theme hydrogel 674:681 arg1 ability 659:665 wound environmental regulation ability 628:665 wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel 628:681 The introduction of lignin effectively improved the mechanical strength (tensile stress is up to 46.87 MPa), protein adsorption capacity, and wound environmental regulation ability of the hydrogel. 31499949 0 40 theme composite 26:34 arg1 hydrogel 36:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 0:43 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing 0:62 Novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel for wound dressing. 31499949 6 41 theme developed 797:805 arg1 hydrogel 807:814 The developed hydrogel 793:814 The developed hydrogel 793:814 The developed hydrogel provides new opportunities for highly efficient skin wound care and management. 31499949 3 42 theme composite 435:443 arg1 dressing 476:483 wound dressing 470:483 wound dressing 470:483 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 31499949 3 42 theme composite 435:443 arg1 hydrogel 445:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel 407:452 In this work, a novel lignin-chitosan-PVA composite hydrogel was prepared as wound dressing. 30041034 6 0 theme composite 727:735 arg1 properties 713:722 the structural and thermal properties 686:722 the structural and thermal properties of composite 686:735 X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the structural and thermal properties of composite. 30041034 1 1 theme economy 225:231 arg1 project 233:239 circular economy project 216:239 circular economy project 216:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 9 2 theme composite 1009:1017 arg1 adsorption 995:1004 Preliminary adsorption 983:1004 Preliminary adsorption of composite as adsorbent material for Congo red 983:1053 Preliminary adsorption of composite as adsorbent material for Congo red was investigated. 30041034 4 3 theme 10-30 wt 377:384 arg1 Fe3O4 390:394 Fe3O4 390:394 Fe3O4 390:394 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 4 3 theme 10-30 wt 377:384 arg1 % 385:385 10-30 wt% 377:385 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 377:394 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 6 4 theme X-ray 607:611 arg1 diffraction 613:623 X-ray diffraction 607:623 X-ray diffraction 607:623 X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the structural and thermal properties of composite. 30041034 7 5 theme electron 747:754 arg1 microscope 756:765 Scanning electron microscope 738:765 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis 738:797 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 0 6 theme cellulose 84:92 arg1 aerogel 94:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel 75:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material 75:128 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 2 7 theme high 305:308 arg1 purity 310:315 high purity 305:315 high purity 305:315 Cellulose was successfully extracted from newspaper waste with high purity. 30041034 0 8 from waste 53:57 arg1 potential 9:17 Recovery potential 0:17 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 0:129 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 7 9 theme powder 872:877 arg1 existence 853:861 the existence 849:861 the existence of Fe3O4 powder 849:877 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 7 9 theme powder 872:877 arg1 uniformity 821:830 uniformity 821:830 uniformity of cellulose 821:843 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 9 10 theme Preliminary 983:993 arg1 adsorption 995:1004 Preliminary adsorption 983:1004 Preliminary adsorption of composite as adsorbent material for Congo red 983:1053 Preliminary adsorption of composite as adsorbent material for Congo red was investigated. 30041034 2 11 with waste 294:298 arg1 purity 310:315 high purity 305:315 high purity 305:315 Cellulose was successfully extracted from newspaper waste with high purity. 30041034 7 12 theme dispersion 779:788 arg1 analysis 790:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 6 13 theme thermal 705:711 arg1 properties 713:722 the structural and thermal properties 686:722 the structural and thermal properties of composite 686:735 X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the structural and thermal properties of composite. 30041034 3 14 theme Fe3O4 363:367 arg1 powder 369:374 Fe3O4 powder 363:374 Fe3O4 powder 363:374 It was further developed as a composite with Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 8 15 theme properties 915:924 arg1 dependence 890:899 Frequency dependence 880:899 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties 880:924 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 8 16 theme Frequency 880:888 arg1 dependence 890:899 Frequency dependence 880:899 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties 880:924 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 3 17 with composite 348:356 arg1 powder 369:374 Fe3O4 powder 363:374 Fe3O4 powder 363:374 It was further developed as a composite with Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 7 18 theme Scanning 738:745 arg1 microscope 756:765 Scanning electron microscope 738:765 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis 738:797 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 0 19 theme Recovery 0:7 arg1 potential 9:17 Recovery potential 0:17 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 0:129 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 6 20 theme structural 690:699 arg1 properties 713:722 the structural and thermal properties 686:722 the structural and thermal properties of composite 686:735 X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the structural and thermal properties of composite. 30041034 4 21 theme conventional 417:428 arg1 route 440:444 conventional synthetic route 417:444 conventional synthetic route 417:444 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 0 22 theme cellulose 22:30 arg1 fiber 32:36 cellulose fiber 22:36 cellulose fiber 22:36 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 7 23 theme cellulose 835:843 arg1 existence 853:861 the existence 849:861 the existence of Fe3O4 powder 849:877 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 7 23 theme cellulose 835:843 arg1 uniformity 821:830 uniformity 821:830 uniformity of cellulose 821:843 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 0 24 theme adsorption 110:119 arg1 material 121:128 dye adsorption material 106:128 dye adsorption material 106:128 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 8 25 used used 930:933 arg2 dependence 890:899 Frequency dependence 880:899 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties 880:924 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 1 26 theme extract 167:173 arg1 fiber 185:189 extract cellulose fiber 167:189 extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project 167:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 9 27 theme adsorbent 1022:1030 arg1 material 1032:1039 adsorbent material 1022:1039 adsorbent material for Congo red 1022:1053 Preliminary adsorption of composite as adsorbent material for Congo red was investigated. 30041034 0 28 theme dye 106:108 arg1 material 121:128 dye adsorption material 106:128 dye adsorption material 106:128 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 4 29 theme synthetic 430:438 arg1 route 440:444 conventional synthetic route 417:444 conventional synthetic route 417:444 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 2 30 theme newspaper 284:292 arg1 waste 294:298 newspaper waste 284:298 newspaper waste with high purity 284:315 Cellulose was successfully extracted from newspaper waste with high purity. 30041034 1 31 theme cellulose 175:183 arg1 fiber 185:189 extract cellulose fiber 167:189 extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project 167:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 0 32 from approach 63:70 arg1 aerogel 94:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel 75:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material 75:128 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 0 33 theme fiber 32:36 arg1 potential 9:17 Recovery potential 0:17 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 0:129 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 8 34 theme polarity 948:955 arg1 enhancement 957:967 the polarity enhancement 944:967 the polarity enhancement of composite 944:980 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 5 35 theme freeze-dry 536:545 arg1 technique 547:555 freeze-dry technique 536:555 freeze-dry technique 536:555 The composite was prepared by freeze-dry technique in order to remove water and create the porosity. 30041034 0 36 theme newspaper 43:51 arg1 waste 53:57 newspaper waste 43:57 newspaper waste 43:57 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 8 37 theme dielectric 904:913 arg1 properties 915:924 dielectric properties 904:924 dielectric properties 904:924 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 4 38 theme Fe3O4 390:394 arg1 Fe3O4 390:394 Fe3O4 390:394 Fe3O4 390:394 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 4 38 theme Fe3O4 390:394 arg1 % 385:385 10-30 wt% 377:385 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 377:394 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 1 39 theme newspaper 196:204 arg1 waste 206:210 newspaper waste 196:210 newspaper waste for circular economy project 196:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 1 40 from waste 206:210 arg1 fiber 185:189 extract cellulose fiber 167:189 extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project 167:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 7 41 with microscope 756:765 arg1 analysis 790:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 7 42 theme Fe3O4 866:870 arg1 powder 872:877 Fe3O4 powder 866:877 Fe3O4 powder 866:877 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 0 43 dep potential 9:17 arg1 approach 63:70 An approach 60:70 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 0:129 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 30041034 8 44 theme composite 972:980 arg1 enhancement 957:967 the polarity enhancement 944:967 the polarity enhancement of composite 944:980 Frequency dependence of dielectric properties was used to imply the polarity enhancement of composite. 30041034 6 45 theme thermogravimetric 629:645 arg1 analysis 647:654 thermogravimetric analysis 629:654 thermogravimetric analysis 629:654 X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the structural and thermal properties of composite. 30041034 4 46 theme cellulose 484:492 arg1 suspension 494:503 cellulose suspension 484:503 cellulose suspension 484:503 10-30 wt% of Fe3O4 was synthesized from conventional synthetic route and it was uniformly distributed into cellulose suspension. 30041034 1 47 theme circular 216:223 arg1 project 233:239 circular economy project 216:239 circular economy project 216:239 In this study, we have attempted to extract cellulose fiber from newspaper waste for circular economy project. 30041034 7 48 theme energy 772:777 arg1 analysis 790:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 energy dispersion analysis 772:797 Scanning electron microscope with energy dispersion analysis can be confirmed that uniformity of cellulose and the existence of Fe3O4 powder. 30041034 5 49 dep remove 569:574 arg1 to 566:567 to 566:567 to 566:567 The composite was prepared by freeze-dry technique in order to remove water and create the porosity. 30041034 0 50 theme magnetic 75:82 arg1 aerogel 94:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel 75:100 magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material 75:128 Recovery potential of cellulose fiber from newspaper waste: An approach on magnetic cellulose aerogel for dye adsorption material. 31593726 6 0 from break 1112:1116 arg1 optimumelongation 1091:1107 the optimumelongation 1087:1107 the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% 1087:1126 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 1 1 theme C/OS 192:195 arg1 films 208:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films 161:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 161:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 6 2 theme 6.54 MPa 1023:1030 arg1 value 1014:1018 The highest tensile strength value 985:1018 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa 985:1030 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 6 3 theme composite 1065:1073 arg1 film 1075:1078 the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film 1048:1078 the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film 1048:1078 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 0 4 theme different 120:128 arg1 concentrations 130:143 different concentrations 120:143 different concentrations of soybean oil 120:158 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 5 5 theme 2.0 969:971 arg1 % 972:972 % 972:972 % 972:972 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 6 6 theme strength 1005:1012 arg1 value 1014:1018 The highest tensile strength value 985:1018 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa 985:1030 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 2 7 theme bonds 495:499 arg1 formation 473:481 the formation 469:481 the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules 469:524 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 2 7 theme bonds 495:499 arg1 interaction 453:463 molecular interaction 443:463 molecular interaction 443:463 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 5 8 theme permeability 858:869 arg1 angle 820:824 A higher contact angle 803:824 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 803:899 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 5 9 theme 76.14° 829:834 arg1 angle 820:824 A higher contact angle 803:824 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 803:899 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 6 10 theme composite 1162:1170 arg1 film 1172:1175 the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film 1145:1175 the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film 1145:1175 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 1 11 theme composite 198:206 arg1 films 208:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films 161:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 161:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 2 12 theme hydrogen 486:493 arg1 bonds 495:499 hydrogen bonds 486:499 hydrogen bonds 486:499 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 5 13 theme higher 805:810 arg1 angle 820:824 A higher contact angle 803:824 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 803:899 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 2 14 theme SO 423:424 arg1 concentrations 405:418 low concentrations 401:418 low concentrations of SO 401:424 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 1 15 theme physicochemical 322:336 arg1 properties 338:347 their physicochemical properties 316:347 their physicochemical properties 316:347 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 3 16 theme similar 551:557 arg1 diffractograms 559:572 similar diffractograms 551:572 similar diffractograms 551:572 All the films exhibited similar diffractograms and lower relative crystallinity values. 31593726 6 17 theme tensile 997:1003 arg1 strength 1005:1012 The highest tensile strength 985:1012 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa 985:1030 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 6 18 theme C/OS-1.5 1149:1156 arg1 % 1157:1157 % 1157:1157 % 1157:1157 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 4 19 theme irregular 686:694 arg1 structures 715:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures 682:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films 682:737 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31593726 5 20 theme lower 840:844 arg1 permeability 858:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 6 21 theme highest 989:995 arg1 strength 1005:1012 The highest tensile strength 985:1012 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa 985:1030 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 0 22 theme oil 156:158 arg1 concentrations 130:143 different concentrations 120:143 different concentrations of soybean oil 120:158 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 1 23 theme soybean 232:238 arg1 oil 240:242 soybean oil 232:242 soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 232:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 2 24 theme low 401:403 arg1 concentrations 405:418 low concentrations 401:418 low concentrations of SO 401:424 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 0 25 theme soybean 148:154 arg1 oil 156:158 soybean oil 148:158 soybean oil 148:158 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 5 26 theme sample 977:982 arg1 exception 952:960 the exception 948:960 the exception of the 2.0% SO sample 948:982 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 4 27 theme surface 707:713 arg1 structures 715:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures 682:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films 682:737 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31593726 0 28 theme biodegradable 42:54 arg1 films 56:60 hydrophobic biodegradable films 30:60 hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch 30:100 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 6 29 theme % 1060:1060 arg1 film 1075:1078 the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film 1048:1078 the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film 1048:1078 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 3 30 theme relative 584:591 arg1 values 607:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 All the films exhibited similar diffractograms and lower relative crystallinity values. 31593726 6 31 theme % 1157:1157 arg1 film 1172:1175 the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film 1145:1175 the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film 1145:1175 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 2 32 theme molecular 443:451 arg1 interaction 453:463 molecular interaction 443:463 molecular interaction 443:463 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 0 33 theme hydrophobic 30:40 arg1 films 56:60 hydrophobic biodegradable films 30:60 hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch 30:100 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 3 34 theme crystallinity 593:605 arg1 values 607:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 All the films exhibited similar diffractograms and lower relative crystallinity values. 31593726 5 35 theme 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 874:899 arg1 permeability 858:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 5 35 theme 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 874:899 arg1 76.14° 829:834 76.14° 829:834 76.14° 829:834 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 2 36 theme starch 509:514 arg1 molecules 516:524 starch molecules 509:524 starch molecules 509:524 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 1 37 from 0 252:252 arg1 oil 240:242 soybean oil 232:242 soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 232:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 4 38 theme films 733:737 arg1 structures 715:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures 682:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films 682:737 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31593726 0 39 theme films 56:60 arg1 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 0 39 theme films 56:60 arg1 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation 0:10 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 3 40 theme lower 578:582 arg1 values 607:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 lower relative crystallinity values 578:612 All the films exhibited similar diffractograms and lower relative crystallinity values. 31593726 2 41 dep Fourier 350:356 arg1 transform 358:366 transform 358:366 transform infrared analysis 358:384 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 5 42 theme contact 812:818 arg1 angle 820:824 A higher contact angle 803:824 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa 803:899 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 6 43 theme % 1126:1126 arg1 optimumelongation 1091:1107 the optimumelongation 1087:1107 the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% 1087:1126 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 5 44 theme water 846:850 arg1 permeability 858:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 1 45 theme Corn/octenylsuccinated 161:182 arg1 films 208:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films 161:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 161:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 0 46 theme corn/octenylsuccinated 72:93 arg1 starch 95:100 corn/octenylsuccinated starch 72:100 corn/octenylsuccinated starch 72:100 Preparation and evaluation of hydrophobic biodegradable films made from corn/octenylsuccinated starch incorporated with different concentrations of soybean oil. 31593726 6 47 theme C/OS-1.0 1052:1059 arg1 % 1060:1060 % 1060:1060 % 1060:1060 The highest tensile strength value of 6.54 MPa was obtained by the C/OS-1.0% SO composite film, while the optimumelongation at break of 71.84% was exhibited by the C/OS-1.5% SO composite film. 31593726 2 48 dep transform 358:366 arg1 infrared 368:375 infrared 368:375 transform infrared analysis 358:384 Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that low concentrations of SO could facilitate molecular interaction and the formation of hydrogen bonds between starch molecules. 31593726 5 49 theme vapor 852:856 arg1 permeability 858:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 lower water vapor permeability 840:869 A higher contact angle of 76.14° and lower water vapor permeability of 2.46 × 10-12 g cm/cm2 s Pa were obtained with increasing SO content, with the exception of the 2.0% SO sample. 31593726 1 50 theme starch 184:189 arg1 films 208:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films 161:212 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) 161:285 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 4 51 theme electron 624:631 arg1 microscopy 633:642 Scanning electron microscopy 615:642 Scanning electron microscopy 615:642 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31593726 1 52 dep oil 240:242 arg1 SO 245:246 SO 245:246 SO 245:246 Corn/octenylsuccinated starch (C/OS) composite films incorporated with soybean oil (SO) at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% (w/w) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical properties. 31593726 4 53 theme coarse 700:705 arg1 structures 715:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures 682:724 the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films 682:737 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31593726 4 54 theme Scanning 615:622 arg1 microscopy 633:642 Scanning electron microscopy 615:642 Scanning electron microscopy 615:642 Scanning electron microscopy and atomicforcemicroscopy showed that the irregular and coarse surface structures of the films were obtained more frequently with increasing SO concentration. 31342692 6 0 from clot 863:866 arg1 water 881:885 deionized water 871:885 deionized water 871:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 7 1 theme treatment 1038:1046 arg1 min 1014:1016 30 min 1011:1016 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment 1011:1046 In the first case, US and PA SNR values increased by 4.6% and reduced by 20.8%, respectively after 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment. 31342692 10 2 theme clot 1347:1350 arg1 composition 1322:1332 the final composition 1312:1332 the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs 1312:1422 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31342692 6 3 theme microbubble-assisted 768:787 arg1 sonothrombolysis 789:804 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 768:804 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 768:804 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 1 4 theme serious 167:173 arg1 complications 200:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 8 5 from blood 1113:1117 arg1 min 1058:1060 10 min 1055:1060 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood 1055:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 3 6 theme PA 369:370 arg1 modality 410:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality 383:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years 383:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 3 6 theme PA 369:370 arg1 imaging 372:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 6 7 theme deionized 871:879 arg1 water 881:885 deionized water 871:885 deionized water 871:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 5 8 theme side 640:643 arg1 imaging 625:631 in vitro imaging 616:631 in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles 616:683 Here, in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles was done over time. 31342692 2 9 theme imaging 276:282 arg1 use 219:221 The use 215:221 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging 215:282 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 8 10 theme sonothrombolysis 1065:1080 arg1 treatment 1082:1090 sonothrombolysis treatment 1065:1090 sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood 1065:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 7 11 theme sonothrombolysis 1021:1036 arg1 treatment 1038:1046 sonothrombolysis treatment 1021:1046 sonothrombolysis treatment 1021:1046 In the first case, US and PA SNR values increased by 4.6% and reduced by 20.8%, respectively after 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment. 31342692 3 12 theme recent 490:495 arg1 years 497:501 recent years 490:501 recent years 490:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 2 13 theme microbubble-assisted 330:349 arg1 sonothrombolysis 351:366 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 330:366 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 330:366 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 14 theme value 747:751 arg1 changes 753:759 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes 705:759 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 705:804 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 9 15 theme US 1192:1193 arg1 changes 1212:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes 1188:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes 1188:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 8 16 theme SNR 1134:1136 arg1 values 1138:1143 PA SNR values 1131:1143 PA SNR values 1131:1143 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 5 17 dep in 616:617 arg1 vitro 619:623 vitro 619:623 vitro 619:623 Here, in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles was done over time. 31342692 6 18 theme blood 857:861 arg1 clot 863:866 blood clot 857:866 blood clot in deionized water 857:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 18 theme blood 857:861 arg1 environments 843:854 two different local environments 823:854 two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot 823:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 5 19 theme in 616:617 arg1 imaging 625:631 in vitro imaging 616:631 in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles 616:683 Here, in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles was done over time. 31342692 6 20 theme ratio 741:745 arg1 value 747:751 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value 716:751 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value 716:751 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 8 21 theme blood 1099:1103 arg1 clot 1105:1108 the blood clot 1095:1108 the blood clot 1095:1108 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 1 22 theme even 178:181 arg1 complications 200:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 3 23 theme emerging 386:393 arg1 modality 410:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality 383:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years 383:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 3 23 theme emerging 386:393 arg1 imaging 372:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 10 24 theme final 1316:1320 arg1 composition 1322:1332 the final composition 1312:1332 the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs 1312:1422 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31342692 9 25 theme PA 1199:1200 arg1 value 1206:1210 PA SNR value 1199:1210 PA SNR value 1199:1210 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 2 26 theme blood 301:305 arg1 monitoring 312:321 blood clot monitoring 301:321 blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 301:366 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 27 from clot 897:900 arg1 water 881:885 deionized water 871:885 deionized water 871:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 1 28 theme life-threatening 183:198 arg1 complications 200:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 serious or even life-threatening complications 167:212 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 3 29 theme hybrid 395:400 arg1 modality 410:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality 383:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years 383:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 3 29 theme hybrid 395:400 arg1 imaging 372:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 4 30 theme blood 549:553 arg1 clot 555:558 a blood clot 547:558 a blood clot 547:558 It enables the study of the composition of a blood clot due to its sensitivity toward optical absorption. 31342692 6 31 theme SNR 736:738 arg1 ratio 741:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio 716:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value 716:751 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 8 32 from min 1058:1060 arg1 blood 1113:1117 blood 1113:1117 blood 1113:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 9 33 theme SNR 1202:1204 arg1 value 1206:1210 PA SNR value 1199:1210 PA SNR value 1199:1210 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 1 34 theme healthy 118:124 arg1 vessels 132:138 healthy blood vessels 118:138 healthy blood vessels 118:138 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 7 35 theme first 919:923 arg1 case 925:928 the first case 915:928 the first case 915:928 In the first case, US and PA SNR values increased by 4.6% and reduced by 20.8%, respectively after 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment. 31342692 3 36 theme imaging 469:475 arg1 community 477:485 the biomedical imaging community 454:485 the biomedical imaging community 454:485 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 9 37 theme value 1206:1210 arg1 changes 1212:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes 1188:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes 1188:1218 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 8 38 dep US 1124:1125 arg1 the 1120:1122 the 1120:1122 the 1120:1122 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 1 39 theme blood 126:130 arg1 vessels 132:138 healthy blood vessels 118:138 healthy blood vessels 118:138 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 3 40 theme community 477:485 arg1 attention 441:449 the attention 437:449 the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years 437:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 4 41 theme clot 555:558 arg1 composition 532:542 the composition 528:542 the composition of a blood clot 528:558 It enables the study of the composition of a blood clot due to its sensitivity toward optical absorption. 31342692 10 42 theme blood 1341:1345 arg1 clot 1347:1350 the blood clot 1337:1350 the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs 1337:1422 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31342692 6 43 theme local 837:841 arg1 clot 863:866 blood clot 857:866 blood clot in deionized water 857:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 43 theme local 837:841 arg1 clot 897:900 blood clot 891:900 blood clot 891:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 43 theme local 837:841 arg1 environments 843:854 two different local environments 823:854 two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot 823:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 10 44 theme clot-dissolving 1402:1416 arg1 drugs 1418:1422 clot-dissolving drugs 1402:1422 clot-dissolving drugs 1402:1422 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31342692 6 45 theme different 827:835 arg1 clot 863:866 blood clot 857:866 blood clot in deionized water 857:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 45 theme different 827:835 arg1 clot 897:900 blood clot 891:900 blood clot 891:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 45 theme different 827:835 arg1 environments 843:854 two different local environments 823:854 two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot 823:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 2 46 theme ultrasound 237:246 arg1 use 219:221 The use 215:221 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging 215:282 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 47 theme signal-to-noise 719:733 arg1 ratio 741:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio 716:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value 716:751 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 2 48 dep ultrasound 237:246 arg1 US 249:250 US 249:250 US 249:250 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 3 49 theme imaging 402:408 arg1 modality 410:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality 383:417 an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years 383:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 3 49 theme imaging 402:408 arg1 imaging 372:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging 369:378 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 8 50 theme treatment 1082:1090 arg1 min 1058:1060 10 min 1055:1060 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood 1055:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 10 51 theme drugs 1418:1422 arg1 administration 1384:1397 the administration 1380:1397 the administration of clot-dissolving drugs 1380:1422 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31342692 2 52 theme combined 228:235 arg1 ultrasound 237:246 a combined ultrasound 226:246 a combined ultrasound (US) 226:251 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 53 theme PA 716:717 arg1 ratio 741:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio 716:745 PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value 716:751 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 1 54 theme vessels 132:138 arg1 Blockage 106:113 Blockage 106:113 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots 106:153 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 0 55 theme blood 49:53 arg1 clot 55:58 blood clot 49:58 blood clot 49:58 Combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of blood clot during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 56 dep environments 843:854 arg1 clot 863:866 blood clot 857:866 blood clot in deionized water 857:885 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 56 dep environments 843:854 arg1 clot 897:900 blood clot 891:900 blood clot 891:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 56 dep environments 843:854 arg1 environments 843:854 two different local environments 823:854 two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot 823:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 5 57 theme blood 650:654 arg1 clot 656:659 a blood clot 648:659 a blood clot facing the microbubbles 648:683 Here, in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles was done over time. 31342692 7 58 theme SNR 941:943 arg1 values 945:950 PA SNR values 938:950 PA SNR values 938:950 In the first case, US and PA SNR values increased by 4.6% and reduced by 20.8%, respectively after 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment. 31342692 4 59 theme composition 532:542 arg1 study 519:523 the study 515:523 the study of the composition of a blood clot 515:558 It enables the study of the composition of a blood clot due to its sensitivity toward optical absorption. 31342692 5 60 theme clot 656:659 arg1 side 640:643 the side 636:643 the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles 636:683 Here, in vitro imaging of the side of a blood clot facing the microbubbles was done over time. 31342692 2 61 theme photoacoustic 257:269 arg1 imaging 276:282 photoacoustic (PA) imaging 257:282 photoacoustic (PA) imaging 257:282 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 6 62 theme US 709:710 arg1 changes 753:759 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes 705:759 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 705:804 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 1 63 theme blood 143:147 arg1 clots 149:153 blood clots 143:153 blood clots 143:153 Blockage of healthy blood vessels by blood clots can lead to serious or even life-threatening complications. 31342692 8 64 from treatment 1082:1090 arg1 blood 1113:1117 blood 1113:1117 blood 1113:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 2 65 theme clot 307:310 arg1 monitoring 312:321 blood clot monitoring 301:321 blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 301:366 The use of a combined ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging was explored for blood clot monitoring during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 4 66 theme optical 590:596 arg1 absorption 598:607 optical absorption 590:607 optical absorption 590:607 It enables the study of the composition of a blood clot due to its sensitivity toward optical absorption. 31342692 0 67 theme microbubble-assisted 67:86 arg1 sonothrombolysis 88:103 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 67:103 microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis 67:103 Combined ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging of blood clot during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis. 31342692 3 68 theme biomedical 458:467 arg1 community 477:485 the biomedical imaging community 454:485 the biomedical imaging community 454:485 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 7 69 theme PA 938:939 arg1 values 945:950 PA SNR values 938:950 PA SNR values 938:950 In the first case, US and PA SNR values increased by 4.6% and reduced by 20.8%, respectively after 30 min of sonothrombolysis treatment. 31342692 9 70 dep environment 1259:1269 arg1 response 1237:1244 response 1237:1244 response 1237:1244 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 8 71 theme PA 1131:1132 arg1 values 1138:1143 PA SNR values 1131:1143 PA SNR values 1131:1143 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 9 72 theme local 1253:1257 arg1 environment 1259:1269 its local environment 1249:1269 its local environment 1249:1269 The US and PA SNR value changes were recorded in response to its local environment. 31342692 6 73 theme blood 891:895 arg1 clot 897:900 blood clot 891:900 blood clot 891:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 6 73 theme blood 891:895 arg1 environments 843:854 two different local environments 823:854 two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot 823:900 The US and PA signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio value changes during microbubble-assisted sonothrombolysis were studied for two different local environments: blood clot in deionized water and blood clot in blood. 31342692 3 74 from attention 441:449 arg1 years 497:501 recent years 490:501 recent years 490:501 PA imaging is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that has garnered the attention of the biomedical imaging community in recent years. 31342692 8 75 theme clot 1105:1108 arg1 treatment 1082:1090 sonothrombolysis treatment 1065:1090 sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood 1065:1117 After 10 min of sonothrombolysis treatment of the blood clot in blood, the US and PA SNR values increased by 7.7% and 38.3%, respectively. 31342692 10 76 used used 1294:1297 arg2 technique 1277:1285 This technique 1272:1285 This technique 1272:1285 This technique can be used to determine the final composition of the blood clot which may, in turn, help in the administration of clot-dissolving drugs. 31756932 0 0 theme Gel 72:74 arg1 Material 76:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 3 1 from acid 355:358 arg1 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 3 1 from acid 355:358 arg1 FCG 337:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 6 2 theme isotherm 648:655 arg1 data 657:660 experimental isotherm data 635:660 experimental isotherm data 635:660 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 9 3 dep infrared 1101:1108 arg1 FTIR 1111:1114 FTIR 1111:1114 FTIR 1111:1114 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 0 4 theme Chitosan 63:70 arg1 Material 76:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 6 5 theme rate-limiting 756:768 arg1 step 770:773 the rate-limiting step 752:773 the rate-limiting step 752:773 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 6 5 theme rate-limiting 756:768 arg1 adsorption 791:800 the physical adsorption 778:800 the physical adsorption 778:800 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 2 6 theme physicochemical 293:307 arg1 techniques 309:318 different physicochemical techniques 283:318 different physicochemical techniques 283:318 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 8 7 from nature 1075:1080 arg1 process 1033:1039 the adsorption process 1018:1039 the adsorption process 1018:1039 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 8 7 from nature 1075:1080 arg1 exothermic 1045:1054 exothermic 1045:1054 exothermic 1045:1054 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 10 8 theme reuse 1298:1302 arg1 experiments 1304:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 4 9 theme ion 468:470 arg1 capture 452:458 the capture 448:458 the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 448:492 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 8 10 theme negative 942:949 arg1 values 951:956 The negative values 938:956 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) 938:1002 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 9 11 theme photoelectron 1140:1152 arg1 XPS 1168:1170 XPS 1168:1170 XPS 1168:1170 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 9 11 theme photoelectron 1140:1152 arg1 spectroscopy 1154:1165 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 1134:1165 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 1134:1171 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 7 12 theme separation 807:816 arg1 factor 818:823 The separation factor 803:823 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir 803:841 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. 31756932 7 12 theme separation 807:816 arg1 RL 826:827 RL 826:827 RL 826:827 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. 31756932 7 13 theme Cu2+ 899:902 arg1 ion 904:906 the Cu2+ ion 895:906 the Cu2+ ion 895:906 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. 31756932 5 14 theme Cu2+ 557:560 arg1 K 571:571 293 K 567:571 293 K 567:571 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 5 14 theme Cu2+ 557:560 arg1 ion 562:564 Cu2+ ion 557:564 Cu2+ ion (293 K) 557:572 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 6 15 theme experimental 635:646 arg1 data 657:660 experimental isotherm data 635:660 experimental isotherm data 635:660 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 0 16 from Wastewater 37:46 arg1 Removal 10:16 Efficient Removal 0:16 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater 0:46 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 7 17 theme Freundlich 865:874 arg1 isotherm 876:883 Freundlich isotherm 865:883 Freundlich isotherm 865:883 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. 31756932 3 18 theme as-prepared 325:335 arg1 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 3 18 theme as-prepared 325:335 arg1 FCG 337:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 11 19 theme ion 1520:1522 arg1 removal 1504:1510 the removal 1500:1510 the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 1500:1544 All these results indicate that FCG is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 11 20 theme aqueous 1529:1535 arg1 solution 1537:1544 aqueous solution 1529:1544 aqueous solution 1529:1544 All these results indicate that FCG is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 7 21 theme 1/n 851:853 arg1 value 855:859 the 1/n value 847:859 the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm 847:883 The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. 31756932 9 22 dep spectroscopy 1117:1128 arg1 analysis 1173:1180 analysis 1173:1180 analysis of FCG 1173:1187 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 1 23 theme metal 145:149 arg1 ion 151:153 metal ion 145:153 metal ion 145:153 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 3 24 from stable 345:350 arg1 acid 355:358 acid 355:358 acid 355:358 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 3 24 from stable 345:350 arg1 media 373:377 alkaline media 364:377 alkaline media 364:377 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 11 25 from solution 1537:1544 arg1 removal 1504:1510 the removal 1500:1510 the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 1500:1544 All these results indicate that FCG is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 9 26 theme FCG 1185:1187 arg1 analysis 1173:1180 analysis 1173:1180 analysis of FCG 1173:1187 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 1 27 theme ion 151:153 arg1 removal 134:140 the removal 130:140 the removal of metal ion 130:153 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 0 28 theme Efficient 0:8 arg1 Removal 10:16 Efficient Removal 0:16 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater 0:46 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 8 29 theme enthalpy 961:968 arg1 values 951:956 The negative values 938:956 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) 938:1002 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 10 30 theme desorption 1283:1292 arg1 experiments 1304:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 6 31 theme Langmuir 612:619 arg1 isotherm 621:628 the Langmuir isotherm 608:628 the Langmuir isotherm 608:628 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 0 32 theme Copper 21:26 arg1 Ion 28:30 Copper Ion 21:30 Copper Ion 21:30 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 10 33 theme adsorption 1364:1373 arg1 adsorption 1364:1373 the original adsorption 1351:1373 the original adsorption 1351:1373 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 10 33 theme adsorption 1364:1373 arg1 % 1346:1346 96% 1344:1346 96% of the original adsorption 1344:1373 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 9 34 theme infrared 1101:1108 arg1 spectroscopy 1117:1128 infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 1101:1128 infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy 1101:1128 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 10 35 theme adsorption-desorption 1395:1415 arg1 cycle 1417:1421 the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle 1385:1421 the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle 1385:1421 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 10 36 theme original 1355:1362 arg1 adsorption 1364:1373 the original adsorption 1351:1373 the original adsorption 1351:1373 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 1 37 theme Gel 88:90 arg1 adsorption 92:101 : Gel adsorption 86:101 : Gel adsorption 86:101 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 1 37 theme Gel 88:90 arg1 method 119:124 an efficient method 106:124 an efficient method for the removal of metal ion 106:153 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 8 38 theme Gibbs 980:984 arg1 energy 991:996 Gibbs free energy 980:996 Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) 980:1002 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 8 38 theme Gibbs 980:984 arg1 ΔG° 999:1001 ΔG° 999:1001 ΔG° 999:1001 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 2 39 theme chitosan 191:198 arg1 material 204:211 a functional chitosan gel material 178:211 a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) 178:217 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 2 39 theme chitosan 191:198 arg1 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 3 40 theme alkaline 364:371 arg1 media 373:377 alkaline media 364:377 alkaline media 364:377 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 0 41 theme Ion 28:30 arg1 Removal 10:16 Efficient Removal 0:16 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater 0:46 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 4 42 theme adsorption 422:431 arg1 properties 433:442 excellent adsorption properties 412:442 excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 412:492 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 2 43 theme functional 180:189 arg1 material 204:211 a functional chitosan gel material 178:211 a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) 178:217 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 2 43 theme functional 180:189 arg1 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 5 44 theme maximum 499:505 arg1 capacity 518:525 The maximum adsorption capacity 495:525 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG 495:537 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 5 44 theme maximum 499:505 arg1 mg/g 548:551 76.4 mg/g 543:551 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K) 543:572 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 4 45 from solution 485:492 arg1 capture 452:458 the capture 448:458 the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 448:492 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 4 46 theme aqueous 477:483 arg1 solution 485:492 aqueous solution 477:492 aqueous solution 477:492 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 8 47 theme energy 991:996 arg1 values 951:956 The negative values 938:956 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) 938:1002 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 4 48 theme excellent 412:420 arg1 properties 433:442 excellent adsorption properties 412:442 excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution 412:492 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 5 49 theme adsorption 507:516 arg1 capacity 518:525 The maximum adsorption capacity 495:525 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG 495:537 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 5 49 theme adsorption 507:516 arg1 mg/g 548:551 76.4 mg/g 543:551 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K) 543:572 The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). 31756932 2 50 theme different 283:291 arg1 techniques 309:318 different physicochemical techniques 283:318 different physicochemical techniques 283:318 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 11 51 theme Cu2+ 1515:1518 arg1 ion 1520:1522 Cu2+ ion 1515:1522 Cu2+ ion 1515:1522 All these results indicate that FCG is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 8 52 theme free 986:989 arg1 energy 991:996 Gibbs free energy 980:996 Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) 980:1002 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 8 52 theme free 986:989 arg1 ΔG° 999:1001 ΔG° 999:1001 ΔG° 999:1001 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 8 53 from exothermic 1045:1054 arg1 nature 1075:1080 nature 1075:1080 nature 1075:1080 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 9 54 theme x-ray 1134:1138 arg1 XPS 1168:1170 XPS 1168:1170 XPS 1168:1170 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 9 54 theme x-ray 1134:1138 arg1 spectroscopy 1154:1165 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 1134:1165 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 1134:1171 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 6 55 theme kinetic 694:700 arg1 model 702:706 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 670:706 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 670:706 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 6 56 theme physical 782:789 arg1 step 770:773 the rate-limiting step 752:773 the rate-limiting step 752:773 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 6 56 theme physical 782:789 arg1 adsorption 791:800 the physical adsorption 778:800 the physical adsorption 778:800 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 6 57 theme adsorption 587:596 arg1 data 598:601 The kinetic adsorption data 575:601 The kinetic adsorption data 575:601 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 10 58 theme Further 1275:1281 arg1 experiments 1304:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments 1275:1314 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 2 59 theme present 163:169 arg1 study 171:175 the present study 159:175 the present study 159:175 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 6 60 theme pseudo-second-order 674:692 arg1 model 702:706 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 670:706 the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 670:706 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 6 61 theme kinetic 579:585 arg1 data 598:601 The kinetic adsorption data 575:601 The kinetic adsorption data 575:601 The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. 31756932 9 62 theme Cu2+ 1254:1257 arg1 adsorption 1263:1272 Cu2+ ion adsorption 1254:1272 Cu2+ ion adsorption 1254:1272 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 4 63 theme as-prepared 384:394 arg1 material 396:403 The as-prepared material 380:403 The as-prepared material 380:403 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 3 64 from media 373:377 arg1 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 stable 345:350 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 3 64 from media 373:377 arg1 FCG 337:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG 321:339 The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. 31756932 1 65 theme efficient 109:117 arg1 adsorption 92:101 : Gel adsorption 86:101 : Gel adsorption 86:101 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 1 65 theme efficient 109:117 arg1 method 119:124 an efficient method 106:124 an efficient method for the removal of metal ion 106:153 : Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. 31756932 9 66 theme ion 1259:1261 arg1 adsorption 1263:1272 Cu2+ ion adsorption 1254:1272 Cu2+ ion adsorption 1254:1272 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 0 67 theme Stable 56:61 arg1 Material 76:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 a Stable Chitosan Gel Material 54:83 Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. 31756932 9 68 dep Fourier 1083:1089 arg1 transform 1091:1099 transform 1091:1099 transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption 1091:1215 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 10 69 theme fifth 1389:1393 arg1 cycle 1417:1421 the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle 1385:1421 the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle 1385:1421 Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption-desorption cycle. 31756932 9 70 theme adsorption 1263:1272 arg1 mechanism 1241:1249 the mechanism 1237:1249 the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption 1237:1272 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. 31756932 4 71 theme Cu2+ 463:466 arg1 ion 468:470 Cu2+ ion 463:470 Cu2+ ion 463:470 The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. 31756932 2 72 theme gel 200:202 arg1 material 204:211 a functional chitosan gel material 178:211 a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) 178:217 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 2 72 theme gel 200:202 arg1 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 FCG 214:216 In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. 31756932 8 73 theme adsorption 1022:1031 arg1 process 1033:1039 the adsorption process 1018:1039 the adsorption process 1018:1039 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31756932 8 73 theme adsorption 1022:1031 arg1 exothermic 1045:1054 exothermic 1045:1054 exothermic 1045:1054 The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. 31504748 7 0 theme homogalacturonan 1042:1057 arg1 esterification 1024:1037 lower esterification 1018:1037 lower esterification of homogalacturonan 1018:1057 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 0 1 theme wall 62:65 arg1 composition 67:77 cell wall composition 57:77 cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon 57:104 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 6 2 theme other 756:760 arg1 hand 762:765 the other hand 752:765 the other hand 752:765 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 1 3 theme various 159:165 arg1 forms 167:171 various forms 159:171 various forms of nitrogen (N) 159:187 Plants have evolved different strategies to utilize various forms of nitrogen (N) from the environment. 31504748 7 4 theme N. 948:949 arg1 Supply 951:956 N. Supply 948:956 N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan 948:1057 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 0 5 theme Brachypodium 82:93 arg1 distachyon 95:104 Brachypodium distachyon 82:104 Brachypodium distachyon 82:104 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 3 6 theme N 524:524 arg1 types 505:509 three types 499:509 three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+) 499:548 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 8 7 theme physiological 1081:1093 arg1 response 1095:1102 the physiological response 1077:1102 the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms 1077:1147 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 6 8 theme glucans 834:840 arg1 concentration 803:815 higher concentration 796:815 higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans 796:840 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 7 9 theme pectins 882:888 arg1 structure 869:877 the chemical structure 856:877 the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses 856:907 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 1 10 theme different 127:135 arg1 strategies 137:146 different strategies 127:146 different strategies 127:146 Plants have evolved different strategies to utilize various forms of nitrogen (N) from the environment. 31504748 4 11 theme polymers 648:655 arg1 structures 623:632 structures 623:632 structures 623:632 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 4 11 theme polymers 648:655 arg1 quantity 610:617 quantity 610:617 quantity 610:617 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 0 12 contain has 33:35 arg2 effects 46:52 distinct effects 37:52 distinct effects 37:52 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 0 12 contain has 33:35 arg1 source 4:9 The source 0:9 The source of inorganic nitrogen 0:31 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 8 13 theme cell 1192:1195 arg1 walls 1197:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 2 14 theme cell 366:369 arg1 structure 376:384 cell wall structure 366:384 cell wall structure 366:384 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 8 15 theme pleotropic 1158:1167 arg1 remodelling 1169:1179 pleotropic remodelling 1158:1179 pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls 1158:1201 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 6 16 theme mixed 820:824 arg1 glucans 834:840 mixed linkage glucans 820:840 mixed linkage glucans 820:840 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 7 17 theme lower 1018:1022 arg1 esterification 1024:1037 lower esterification 1018:1037 lower esterification of homogalacturonan 1018:1057 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 2 18 theme development 248:258 arg1 regulation 217:226 regulation 217:226 regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms 217:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 2 19 from regulation 217:226 arg1 response 263:270 response 263:270 response to application of inorganic N forms 263:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 8 20 theme different 1121:1129 arg1 forms 1143:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 6 21 theme linkage 826:832 arg1 glucans 834:840 mixed linkage glucans 820:840 mixed linkage glucans 820:840 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 2 22 theme N 300:300 arg1 forms 302:306 inorganic N forms 290:306 inorganic N forms 290:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 4 23 from alterations 586:596 arg1 structures 623:632 structures 623:632 structures 623:632 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 4 23 from alterations 586:596 arg1 quantity 610:617 quantity 610:617 quantity 610:617 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 1 24 theme nitrogen 176:183 arg1 forms 167:171 various forms 159:171 various forms of nitrogen (N) 159:187 Plants have evolved different strategies to utilize various forms of nitrogen (N) from the environment. 31504748 8 25 theme type 1184:1187 arg1 walls 1197:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 2 26 theme inorganic 290:298 arg1 forms 302:306 inorganic N forms 290:306 inorganic N forms 290:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 8 27 theme walls 1197:1201 arg1 remodelling 1169:1179 pleotropic remodelling 1158:1179 pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls 1158:1201 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 8 28 theme II 1189:1190 arg1 walls 1197:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 type II cell walls 1184:1201 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 0 29 theme inorganic 14:22 arg1 nitrogen 24:31 inorganic nitrogen 14:31 inorganic nitrogen 14:31 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 7 30 theme chemical 860:867 arg1 structure 869:877 the chemical structure 856:877 the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses 856:907 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 3 31 theme inorganic 514:522 arg1 N 524:524 inorganic N 514:524 inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+) 514:548 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 7 32 theme hemicelluloses 894:907 arg1 structure 869:877 the chemical structure 856:877 the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses 856:907 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 8 33 theme inorganic 1131:1139 arg1 forms 1143:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 7 34 from alteration 978:987 arg1 substitution 998:1009 xylan substitution 992:1009 xylan substitution 992:1009 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 7 35 theme xylan 992:996 arg1 substitution 998:1009 xylan substitution 992:1009 xylan substitution 992:1009 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 0 36 from composition 67:77 arg1 distachyon 95:104 Brachypodium distachyon 82:104 Brachypodium distachyon 82:104 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 3 37 theme Brachypodium 461:472 arg1 distachyon 474:483 Brachypodium distachyon 461:483 Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+) 461:548 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 4 38 theme wall 556:559 arg1 profiles 561:568 Cell wall profiles 551:568 Cell wall profiles 551:568 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 6 39 theme higher 796:801 arg1 concentration 803:815 higher concentration 796:815 higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans 796:840 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 4 40 theme distinct 577:584 arg1 alterations 586:596 distinct alterations 577:596 distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers 577:655 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 0 41 theme nitrogen 24:31 arg1 source 4:9 The source 0:9 The source of inorganic nitrogen 0:31 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 5 42 theme heading 727:733 arg1 stage 742:746 the heading growth stage 723:746 the heading growth stage 723:746 Nitrate stimulated cellulose, but inhibited lignin deposition at the heading growth stage. 31504748 8 43 theme N 1141:1141 arg1 forms 1143:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 different inorganic N forms 1121:1147 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 2 44 from effect 356:361 arg1 structure 376:384 cell wall structure 366:384 cell wall structure 366:384 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 2 44 from effect 356:361 arg1 composition 390:400 composition 390:400 composition 390:400 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 2 45 theme wall 371:374 arg1 structure 376:384 cell wall structure 366:384 cell wall structure 366:384 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 5 46 theme growth 735:740 arg1 stage 742:746 the heading growth stage 723:746 the heading growth stage 723:746 Nitrate stimulated cellulose, but inhibited lignin deposition at the heading growth stage. 31504748 7 47 theme NO3- 966:969 arg1 Supply 951:956 N. Supply 948:956 N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan 948:1057 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 7 48 theme Supply 951:956 arg1 form 940:943 the form 936:943 the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan 936:1057 In addition, the chemical structure of pectins and hemicelluloses was strongly influenced by the form of N. Supply of only NO3- led to alteration in xylan substitution and to lower esterification of homogalacturonan. 31504748 3 49 theme cell 447:450 arg1 walls 452:456 cell walls 447:456 cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+) 447:548 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 0 50 theme distinct 37:44 arg1 effects 46:52 distinct effects 37:52 distinct effects 37:52 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 4 51 theme individual 637:646 arg1 polymers 648:655 individual polymers 637:655 individual polymers 637:655 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 6 52 theme ammonium 768:775 arg1 supply 777:782 ammonium supply 768:782 ammonium supply 768:782 On the other hand, ammonium supply resulted in higher concentration of mixed linkage glucans. 31504748 4 53 dep quantity 610:617 arg1 the 606:608 the 606:608 the 606:608 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 2 54 theme growth 237:242 arg1 regulation 217:226 regulation 217:226 regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms 217:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 2 55 theme forms 302:306 arg1 application 275:285 application 275:285 application of inorganic N forms 275:306 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 8 56 theme forms 1143:1147 arg1 absorption 1107:1116 absorption 1107:1116 absorption of different inorganic N forms 1107:1147 We conclude that the physiological response to absorption of different inorganic N forms includes pleotropic remodelling of type II cell walls. 31504748 0 57 theme cell 57:60 arg1 composition 67:77 cell wall composition 57:77 cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon 57:104 The source of inorganic nitrogen has distinct effects on cell wall composition in Brachypodium distachyon. 31504748 2 58 theme plant 231:235 arg1 growth 237:242 plant growth 231:242 plant growth 231:242 While regulation of plant growth and development in response to application of inorganic N forms has been characterized, our knowledge about the effect on cell wall structure and composition is quite limited. 31504748 3 59 theme distachyon 474:483 arg1 walls 452:456 cell walls 447:456 cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+) 447:548 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 4 60 theme Cell 551:554 arg1 profiles 561:568 Cell wall profiles 551:568 Cell wall profiles 551:568 Cell wall profiles showed distinct alterations in both the quantity and structures of individual polymers. 31504748 5 61 theme lignin 702:707 arg1 deposition 709:718 lignin deposition 702:718 lignin deposition 702:718 Nitrate stimulated cellulose, but inhibited lignin deposition at the heading growth stage. 31504748 3 62 dep N 524:524 arg1 NO3- 535:538 NO3- 535:538 NO3- 535:538 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 3 62 dep N 524:524 arg1 NH4+ 544:547 NH4+ 544:547 NH4+ 544:547 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 31504748 3 62 dep N 524:524 arg1 NH4NO3 527:532 NH4NO3 527:532 NH4NO3 527:532 In this study, we analysed cell walls of Brachypodium distachyon supplied with three types of inorganic N (NH4NO3, NO3-, or NH4+). 30812999 0 0 theme Physical 81:88 arg1 characterization 90:105 Physical characterization 81:105 Physical characterization 81:105 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 2 1 theme low 479:481 arg1 viscosity 483:491 low viscosity 479:491 low viscosity 479:491 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 5 2 theme diffusion 1131:1139 arg1 test 1141:1144 the agar diffusion test 1122:1144 the agar diffusion test 1122:1144 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 1 3 theme lactic 173:178 arg1 poly 168:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly 136:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 136:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 3 theme lactic 173:178 arg1 acid 180:183 lactic acid 173:183 lactic acid 173:183 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 2 4 from 190 μm 564:569 arg1 size 574:577 size 574:577 size 574:577 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 2 5 theme retained 585:592 arg1 AgNPs 594:598 retained AgNPs 585:598 retained AgNPs 585:598 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 5 6 theme 0.05 mg kg-1 1033:1044 arg1 limit 1024:1028 the prescribed limit 1009:1028 the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 1009:1044 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 3 7 dep AgNPs 670:674 arg1 confirmed 679:687 confirmed 679:687 confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 679:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 5 8 theme released 945:952 arg1 concentration 961:973 the released silver concentration 941:973 the released silver concentration in water after 10 days 941:996 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 3 9 theme electron 725:732 arg1 microscopy 734:743 scanning electron microscopy 716:743 scanning electron microscopy 716:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 0 10 theme release 118:124 arg1 kinetics 126:133 silver release kinetics 111:133 silver release kinetics 111:133 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 2 11 dep microbeads 552:561 arg1 190 μm 564:569 190 μm 564:569 190 μm in size 564:577 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 2 12 from 10-20 nm 342:349 arg1 size 354:357 size 354:357 size 354:357 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 0 13 theme silver 111:116 arg1 kinetics 126:133 silver release kinetics 111:133 silver release kinetics 111:133 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 5 14 theme agar 1126:1129 arg1 test 1141:1144 the agar diffusion test 1122:1144 the agar diffusion test 1122:1144 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 4 15 theme different 848:856 arg1 simulants 863:871 different food simulants 848:871 different food simulants 848:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 0 16 dep characterization 90:105 arg1 films 34:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films 0:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads 0:78 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 2 17 theme Na-alginate 382:392 arg1 solution 394:401 a Na-alginate solution 380:401 a Na-alginate solution 380:401 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 0 18 theme ternary 16:22 arg1 films 34:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films 0:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads 0:78 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 3 19 theme scanning 716:723 arg1 microscopy 734:743 scanning electron microscopy 716:743 scanning electron microscopy 716:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 2 20 from size 354:357 arg1 10-20 nm 342:349 10-20 nm 342:349 10-20 nm 342:349 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 0 21 theme Multifunctional 0:14 arg1 films 34:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films 0:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads 0:78 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 2 22 dep sterile 439:445 arg1 neutral 451:457 neutral 451:457 neutral 451:457 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 4 23 theme food 858:861 arg1 simulants 863:871 different food simulants 848:871 different food simulants 848:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 5 24 theme PLA 892:894 arg1 barrier 925:931 a diffusion barrier 913:931 a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test 913:1144 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 5 24 theme PLA 892:894 arg1 matrix 896:901 PLA matrix 892:901 PLA matrix 892:901 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 5 25 theme silver 954:959 arg1 concentration 961:973 the released silver concentration 941:973 the released silver concentration in water after 10 days 941:996 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 0 26 theme composite 24:32 arg1 films 34:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films 0:38 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads 0:78 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 1 27 theme potential 282:290 arg1 applications 321:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 2 28 theme sterile 439:445 arg1 solution 467:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution 437:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs 437:598 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 3 29 theme PLA 646:648 arg1 films 650:654 PLA films 646:654 PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 646:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 2 30 theme hydrothermal 408:419 arg1 method 421:426 a hydrothermal method 406:426 a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs 406:598 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 1 31 theme antimicrobial 292:304 arg1 applications 321:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 2 32 theme Ag/alginate 540:550 arg1 microbeads 552:561 Ag/alginate microbeads 540:561 Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) 540:578 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 4 33 theme silver 830:835 arg1 release 837:843 silver release 830:843 thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants 785:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 3 34 with films 650:654 arg1 AgNPs 670:674 retained AgNPs 661:674 retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 661:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 2 35 theme colloid 459:465 arg1 solution 467:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution 437:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs 437:598 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 1 36 theme food 306:309 arg1 applications 321:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 37 with films 192:196 arg1 microbeads 212:221 alginate microbeads 203:221 alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 203:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 0 38 dep PLA 49:51 arg1 microbeads 69:78 microbeads 69:78 microbeads 69:78 Multifunctional ternary composite films based on PLA and Ag/alginate microbeads: Physical characterization and silver release kinetics. 30812999 1 39 theme alginate 203:210 arg1 microbeads 212:221 alginate microbeads 203:221 alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 203:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 40 theme packaging 311:319 arg1 applications 321:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 potential antimicrobial food packaging applications 282:332 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 41 contain containing 223:232 arg1 microbeads 212:221 alginate microbeads 203:221 alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 203:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 41 contain containing 223:232 arg2 nanoparticles 241:253 silver nanoparticles 234:253 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 234:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 41 contain containing 223:232 arg2 AgNPs 256:260 AgNPs 256:260 AgNPs 256:260 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 4 42 from release 837:843 arg1 simulants 863:871 different food simulants 848:871 different food simulants 848:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 5 43 theme diffusion 915:923 arg1 barrier 925:931 a diffusion barrier 913:931 a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test 913:1144 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 5 43 theme diffusion 915:923 arg1 matrix 896:901 PLA matrix 892:901 PLA matrix 892:901 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 2 44 theme 10-20 nm 342:349 arg1 AgNPs 335:339 AgNPs 335:339 AgNPs 335:339 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 5 45 theme inhibitory 1070:1079 arg1 effects 1081:1087 inhibitory effects 1070:1087 inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus 1070:1117 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 1 46 theme Novel 136:140 arg1 poly 168:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly 136:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 136:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 46 theme Novel 136:140 arg1 acid 180:183 lactic acid 173:183 lactic acid 173:183 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 46 theme Novel 136:140 arg1 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 5 47 from concentration 961:973 arg1 water 978:982 water 978:982 water 978:982 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 4 48 theme thermal 785:791 arg1 properties 808:817 thermal and mechanical properties 785:817 thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants 785:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 4 49 theme mechanical 797:806 arg1 properties 808:817 thermal and mechanical properties 785:817 thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants 785:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 1 50 theme multifunctional 142:156 arg1 poly 168:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly 136:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 136:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 50 theme multifunctional 142:156 arg1 acid 180:183 lactic acid 173:183 lactic acid 173:183 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 50 theme multifunctional 142:156 arg1 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 3 51 theme retained 661:668 arg1 AgNPs 670:674 retained AgNPs 661:674 retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy 661:743 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 3 52 theme Dried 601:605 arg1 microbeads 607:616 Dried microbeads 601:616 Dried microbeads 601:616 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 1 53 theme composite 158:166 arg1 poly 168:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly 136:171 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 136:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 53 theme composite 158:166 arg1 acid 180:183 lactic acid 173:183 lactic acid 173:183 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 53 theme composite 158:166 arg1 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 PLA 187:189 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 54 theme silver 234:239 arg1 AgNPs 256:260 AgNPs 256:260 AgNPs 256:260 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 1 54 theme silver 234:239 arg1 nanoparticles 241:253 silver nanoparticles 234:253 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 234:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30812999 2 55 theme viscosity 483:491 arg1 solution 467:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution 437:474 a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs 437:598 AgNPs, 10-20 nm in size, were synthesized in a Na-alginate solution by a hydrothermal method yielding a sterile, pH neutral colloid solution of low viscosity that was electrostatically extruded to produce Ag/alginate microbeads (190 μm in size) with retained AgNPs. 30812999 3 56 theme UV-Vis 692:697 arg1 spectroscopy 699:710 UV-Vis spectroscopy 692:710 UV-Vis spectroscopy 692:710 Dried microbeads were uniformly dispersed in PLA films with retained AgNPs as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. 30812999 5 57 theme prescribed 1013:1022 arg1 limit 1024:1028 the prescribed limit 1009:1028 the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 1009:1044 Results show that PLA matrix served as a diffusion barrier so that the released silver concentration in water after 10 days was within the prescribed limit of 0.05 mg kg-1 while the films induced inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus in the agar diffusion test. 30812999 4 58 from properties 808:817 arg1 simulants 863:871 different food simulants 848:871 different food simulants 848:871 The films were characterized regarding thermal and mechanical properties as well as silver release in different food simulants. 30812999 1 59 theme poly 168:171 arg1 films 192:196 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films 136:196 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 136:261 Novel multifunctional composite poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films with alginate microbeads containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were developed for potential antimicrobial food packaging applications. 30503064 0 0 theme porous 88:93 arg1 scaffold 105:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold 73:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering 73:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 1 used used 478:481 arg2 we 348:349 we 348:349 we 348:349 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 7 2 theme silk 1191:1194 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 3 theme regenerative 166:177 arg1 medicine 179:186 potential regenerative medicine 156:186 potential regenerative medicine 156:186 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 4 theme biomaterial 287:297 arg1 development 262:272 development 262:272 development 262:272 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 4 theme biomaterial 287:297 arg1 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 5 theme based 82:86 arg1 scaffold 105:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold 73:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering 73:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 6 theme structural 591:600 arg1 stability 602:610 structural stability 591:610 structural stability 591:610 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 1 7 theme medicine 179:186 arg1 Lack 148:151 Lack 148:151 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue 148:226 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 6 8 theme enhanced 1062:1069 arg1 expression 1071:1080 enhanced expression 1062:1080 enhanced expression of collagen type II 1062:1100 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 2 9 theme porous 528:533 arg1 scaffold 535:542 SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold 494:542 SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold 494:542 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 3 10 theme biological 703:712 arg1 properties 714:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 The developed scaffold was characterized for its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. 30503064 4 11 theme cell 801:804 arg1 attachment 814:823 human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment 778:823 human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment 778:823 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 1 12 theme cartilage 303:311 arg1 engineering 320:330 cartilage tissue engineering 303:330 cartilage tissue engineering 303:330 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 13 theme composite 95:103 arg1 scaffold 105:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold 73:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering 73:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 14 theme non-mulberry 1178:1189 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 15 theme chitosan 1221:1228 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 4 16 theme stem 796:799 arg1 cell 801:804 human mesenchymal stem cell 778:804 human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment 778:823 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 4 16 theme stem 796:799 arg1 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 1 17 theme tissue 313:318 arg1 engineering 320:330 cartilage tissue engineering 303:330 cartilage tissue engineering 303:330 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 18 theme cartilage 118:126 arg1 engineering 135:145 cartilage tissue engineering 118:145 cartilage tissue engineering 118:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 4 19 theme developed 730:738 arg1 scaffold 757:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 2 20 theme desired 549:555 arg1 size 562:565 desired pore size 549:565 desired pore size 549:565 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 5 21 from deposition 949:958 arg1 comparison 975:984 comparison 975:984 comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control) 975:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 5 22 theme higher 915:920 arg1 deposition 949:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition 901:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control) 901:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 2 23 theme N-Dimethylacetamide 421:439 arg1 % 450:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% 421:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution 421:464 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 23 theme N-Dimethylacetamide 421:439 arg1 N 419:419 N 419:419 N 419:419 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 7 24 theme reinforced 1210:1219 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 25 dep % 450:450 arg1 solution 457:464 LiBr solution 452:464 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution 421:464 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 6 26 theme type 1094:1097 arg1 expression 1071:1080 enhanced expression 1062:1080 enhanced expression of collagen type II 1062:1100 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 6 26 theme type 1094:1097 arg1 aggrecan 1106:1113 aggrecan 1106:1113 aggrecan 1106:1113 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 6 27 theme chitosan 1153:1160 arg1 scaffold 1162:1169 chitosan scaffold 1153:1169 chitosan scaffold 1153:1169 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 3 28 theme various 662:668 arg1 properties 714:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 The developed scaffold was characterized for its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. 30503064 5 29 theme chitosan 994:1001 arg1 control 1013:1019 control 1013:1019 control 1013:1019 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 5 29 theme chitosan 994:1001 arg1 scaffold 1003:1010 pure chitosan scaffold 989:1010 pure chitosan scaffold (control) 989:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 1 30 theme damaged 203:209 arg1 tissue 221:226 damaged cartilage tissue 203:226 damaged cartilage tissue 203:226 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 31 theme suitable 1254:1261 arg1 scaffold 1263:1270 suitable scaffold 1254:1270 suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1254:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 31 theme suitable 1254:1261 arg1 matrix 1311:1316 a potential artificial matrix 1288:1316 a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1288:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 4 32 theme CH/SFF 740:745 arg1 scaffold 757:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 1 33 theme cartilage 211:219 arg1 tissue 221:226 damaged cartilage tissue 203:226 damaged cartilage tissue 203:226 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 34 theme LiBr 452:455 arg1 solution 457:464 LiBr solution 452:464 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution 421:464 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 6 35 theme Immunocytochemistry 1023:1041 arg1 studies 1043:1049 Immunocytochemistry studies 1023:1049 Immunocytochemistry studies 1023:1049 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 2 36 theme pore 557:560 arg1 size 562:565 desired pore size 549:565 desired pore size 549:565 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 5 37 theme pure 989:992 arg1 control 1013:1019 control 1013:1019 control 1013:1019 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 5 37 theme pure 989:992 arg1 scaffold 1003:1010 pure chitosan scaffold 989:1010 pure chitosan scaffold (control) 989:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 4 38 theme mesenchymal 784:794 arg1 cell 801:804 human mesenchymal stem cell 778:804 human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment 778:823 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 4 38 theme mesenchymal 784:794 arg1 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 2 39 theme /10 447:449 arg1 % 450:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% 421:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution 421:464 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 39 theme /10 447:449 arg1 N 419:419 N 419:419 N 419:419 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 0 40 theme tissue 128:133 arg1 engineering 135:145 cartilage tissue engineering 118:145 cartilage tissue engineering 118:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 4 41 theme human 778:782 arg1 cell 801:804 human mesenchymal stem cell 778:804 human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment 778:823 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 4 41 theme human 778:782 arg1 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 hMSCs 807:811 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 7 42 theme cartilage 1322:1330 arg1 engineering 1339:1349 cartilage tissue engineering 1322:1349 cartilage tissue engineering 1322:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 43 theme silk 43:46 arg1 fiber 56:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 44 theme DMAC 442:445 arg1 % 450:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% 421:450 N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution 421:464 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 44 theme DMAC 442:445 arg1 N 419:419 N 419:419 N 419:419 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 4 45 theme extracellular 843:855 arg1 deposition 864:873 extracellular matrix deposition 843:873 extracellular matrix deposition 843:873 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 5 46 theme sulfated 922:929 arg1 deposition 949:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition 901:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control) 901:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 1 47 theme accelerated 232:242 arg1 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 48 theme non-mulberry 30:41 arg1 fiber 56:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 49 theme based 1230:1234 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 6 50 theme composite 1129:1137 arg1 scaffold 1139:1146 composite scaffold 1129:1146 composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold 1129:1169 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 0 51 theme fiber 56:60 arg1 evaluation 16:25 evaluation 16:25 evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 16:60 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 0 51 theme fiber 56:60 arg1 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication 0:10 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 52 theme artificial 1300:1309 arg1 matrix 1311:1316 a potential artificial matrix 1288:1316 a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1288:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 52 theme artificial 1300:1309 arg1 scaffold 1263:1270 suitable scaffold 1254:1270 suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1254:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 53 theme based 522:526 arg1 scaffold 535:542 SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold 494:542 SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold 494:542 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 54 theme fibroin 393:399 arg1 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 54 theme fibroin 393:399 arg1 fiber 401:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 362:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) 362:411 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 0 55 theme fibroin 48:54 arg1 fiber 56:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 30:60 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 56 theme potential 1290:1298 arg1 matrix 1311:1316 a potential artificial matrix 1288:1316 a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1288:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 56 theme potential 1290:1298 arg1 scaffold 1263:1270 suitable scaffold 1254:1270 suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering 1254:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 4 57 theme matrix 857:862 arg1 deposition 864:873 extracellular matrix deposition 843:873 extracellular matrix deposition 843:873 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 2 58 theme silk 388:391 arg1 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 58 theme silk 388:391 arg1 fiber 401:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 362:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) 362:411 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 7 59 theme fibroin 1196:1202 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 7 60 theme tissue 1332:1337 arg1 engineering 1339:1349 cartilage tissue engineering 1322:1349 cartilage tissue engineering 1322:1349 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 3 61 theme mechanical 688:697 arg1 properties 714:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 The developed scaffold was characterized for its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. 30503064 3 62 theme developed 617:625 arg1 scaffold 627:634 The developed scaffold 613:634 The developed scaffold 613:634 The developed scaffold was characterized for its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. 30503064 2 63 theme non-mulberry 375:386 arg1 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 63 theme non-mulberry 375:386 arg1 fiber 401:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 362:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) 362:411 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 1 64 contain has 228:230 arg2 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 investigation 244:256 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 64 contain has 228:230 arg1 Lack 148:151 Lack 148:151 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue 148:226 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 64 contain has 228:230 arg2 development 262:272 development 262:272 development 262:272 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 2 65 theme micron-sized 362:373 arg1 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 SFF 408:410 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 2 65 theme micron-sized 362:373 arg1 fiber 401:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber 362:405 micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) 362:411 In this study, we fabricated micron-sized non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber (SFF) using N,N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/10% LiBr solution and further used to develop SFF reinforced chitosan(CH) based porous scaffold with desired pore size, porosity, swelling and structural stability. 30503064 4 66 theme composite 747:755 arg1 scaffold 757:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold 726:764 The developed CH/SFF composite scaffold facilitates human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) attachment, colonization and extracellular matrix deposition. 30503064 0 67 theme chitosan 73:80 arg1 scaffold 105:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold 73:112 chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering 73:145 Fabrication and evaluation of non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based porous composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 3 68 theme physico-chemical 670:685 arg1 properties 714:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties 658:723 The developed scaffold was characterized for its various physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. 30503064 5 69 theme glycosaminoglycan 931:947 arg1 deposition 949:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition 901:958 significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control) 901:1020 Furthermore, hMSCs shows significantly higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition over CH/SFF in comparison to pure chitosan scaffold (control). 30503064 6 70 theme collagen 1085:1092 arg1 type 1094:1097 collagen type II 1085:1100 collagen type II 1085:1100 Immunocytochemistry studies have shown enhanced expression of collagen type II and aggrecan by hMSCs over composite scaffold than chitosan scaffold. 30503064 7 71 theme fiber 1204:1208 arg1 scaffold 1236:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold 1178:1243 Thus, non-mulberry silk fibroin fiber reinforced chitosan based scaffold might be suitable scaffold that can act as a potential artificial matrix for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 72 theme potential 156:164 arg1 medicine 179:186 potential regenerative medicine 156:186 potential regenerative medicine 156:186 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30503064 1 73 theme potential 277:285 arg1 biomaterial 287:297 potential biomaterial 277:297 potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering 277:330 Lack of potential regenerative medicine to reconstruct damaged cartilage tissue has accelerated investigation and development of potential biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. 30061355 9 0 from dynamic 1482:1488 arg1 composition 1532:1542 the composition 1528:1542 the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1528:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 7 1 theme units 1172:1176 arg1 one 1148:1150 one 1148:1150 one 1148:1150 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 7 1 theme units 1172:1176 arg1 units 1172:1176 the disaccharide units 1155:1176 the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells 1155:1202 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 2 2 theme biosynthetic 339:350 arg1 enzymes 367:373 biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes 339:373 enzymes 367:373 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 6 3 theme mass 958:961 arg1 spectrometry 963:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 929:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis 929:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 6 3 theme mass 958:961 arg1 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 3 4 with bacteria 409:416 arg1 style 452:456 a complex multicellular life style 423:456 a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores 423:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 6 5 theme Liquid 929:934 arg1 spectrometry 963:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 929:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis 929:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 6 5 theme Liquid 929:934 arg1 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 9 6 from PG 1551:1552 arg1 Streptomycetes 1580:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 4 7 theme development 697:707 arg1 onset 688:692 the onset 684:692 the onset of development and antibiotic production 684:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 7 8 theme dimers 1134:1139 arg1 Half 1122:1125 Half 1122:1125 Half of the dimers 1122:1139 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 9 9 theme growth 1494:1499 arg1 changes 1517:1523 the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes 1478:1523 changes 1517:1523 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 9 theme growth 1494:1499 arg1 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria with a complex lifestyle 1599:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 9 theme growth 1494:1499 arg1 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 12 10 theme development 2040:2050 arg1 course 2030:2035 the course 2026:2035 the course of development 2026:2050 In this work, we provide new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time, highlighting changes over the course of development and between growing mycelia and spores. 30061355 4 11 theme vegetative 657:666 arg1 mycelium 668:675 the vegetative mycelium 653:675 the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production 653:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 13 12 theme extensive 2171:2179 arg1 hydrolysis 2195:2204 extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis 2171:2204 extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis 2171:2204 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 8 13 from pronounced 1297:1306 arg1 spores 1311:1316 spores 1311:1316 spores 1311:1316 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 0 14 from coelicolor 74:83 arg1 Analysis 16:23 High-Resolution Analysis 0:23 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor 0:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 11 15 theme differentiation 1880:1894 arg1 onset 1857:1861 the onset 1853:1861 the onset of morphological differentiation 1853:1894 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 14 16 theme spore 2392:2396 arg1 development 2398:2408 spore development 2392:2408 spore development 2392:2408 Additionally, we identified a muropeptide that accumulates predominantly in the spores and may provide clues toward spore development. 30061355 5 17 from differences 774:784 arg1 maturation 811:820 maturation 811:820 maturation 811:820 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 5 17 from differences 774:784 arg1 cross-linking 793:805 cross-linking 793:805 cross-linking 793:805 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 9 18 theme PG 1551:1552 arg1 composition 1532:1542 the composition 1528:1542 the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1528:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 4 19 theme antibiotic 713:722 arg1 production 724:733 antibiotic production 713:733 antibiotic production 713:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 11 20 theme Programmed 1802:1811 arg1 death 1818:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 11 20 theme Programmed 1802:1811 arg1 event 1840:1844 an important event 1827:1844 an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation 1827:1894 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 8 21 from spores 1311:1316 arg1 pronounced 1297:1306 pronounced 1297:1306 pronounced 1297:1306 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 8 21 from spores 1311:1316 arg1 deacetylation 1248:1260 The deacetylation 1244:1260 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN 1244:1278 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 9 22 theme StreptomycesIMPORTANCE 1557:1578 arg1 Streptomycetes 1580:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 6 23 theme major 1054:1058 arg1 hydrolysis 1063:1072 major PG hydrolysis 1054:1072 major PG hydrolysis 1054:1072 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 1 24 theme cell 120:123 arg1 shape 125:129 cell shape 120:129 cell shape 120:129 The bacterial cell wall maintains cell shape and protects against bursting by turgor. 30061355 12 25 from changes 1944:1950 arg1 composition 1973:1983 the peptidoglycan composition 1955:1983 the peptidoglycan composition 1955:1983 In this work, we provide new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time, highlighting changes over the course of development and between growing mycelia and spores. 30061355 10 26 theme large 1712:1716 arg1 mycelium 1745:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 From a single spore, a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium is formed, which differentiates to form spores. 30061355 5 27 theme distinct 765:772 arg1 differences 774:784 distinct differences 765:784 distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation 765:926 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 1 28 theme bacterial 90:98 arg1 wall 105:108 The bacterial cell wall 86:108 The bacterial cell wall 86:108 The bacterial cell wall maintains cell shape and protects against bursting by turgor. 30061355 3 29 theme multicellular 433:445 arg1 style 452:456 a complex multicellular life style 423:456 a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores 423:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 0 30 theme High-Resolution 0:14 arg1 Analysis 16:23 High-Resolution Analysis 0:23 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor 0:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 6 31 theme growth 1114:1119 arg1 course 1095:1100 the course 1091:1100 the course of mycelial growth 1091:1119 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 4 32 theme apical 574:579 arg1 sites 581:585 apical sites 574:585 apical sites of the hyphae 574:599 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 4 32 theme apical 574:579 arg1 hyphae 594:599 the hyphae 590:599 the hyphae 590:599 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 5 33 theme growing 855:861 arg1 hyphae 874:879 exponentially growing vegetative hyphae 841:879 exponentially growing vegetative hyphae 841:879 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 12 34 theme new 1922:1924 arg1 insights 1926:1933 new insights 1922:1933 new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time 1922:1997 In this work, we provide new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time, highlighting changes over the course of development and between growing mycelia and spores. 30061355 9 35 theme model 1641:1645 arg1 organisms 1647:1655 model organisms 1641:1655 model organisms for bacterial multicellularity 1641:1686 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 10 36 theme multicellular 1731:1743 arg1 mycelium 1745:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 From a single spore, a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium is formed, which differentiates to form spores. 30061355 0 37 theme Peptidoglycan 32:44 arg1 Composition 46:56 the Peptidoglycan Composition 28:56 the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor 28:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 4 38 theme cell 550:553 arg1 remodeling 560:569 cell wall remodeling 550:569 cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation 550:622 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 7 39 theme transition-phase 1181:1196 arg1 cells 1198:1202 transition-phase cells 1181:1202 transition-phase cells 1181:1202 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 13 40 theme 3-3 2259:2261 arg1 cross-links 2263:2273 3-3 cross-links 2259:2273 3-3 cross-links 2259:2273 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 7 41 from units 1172:1176 arg1 cells 1198:1202 transition-phase cells 1181:1202 transition-phase cells 1181:1202 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 2 42 theme wall 204:207 arg1 constituent 180:190 A major constituent 172:190 A major constituent of the cell wall 172:207 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 2 42 theme wall 204:207 arg1 peptidoglycan 212:224 peptidoglycan 212:224 peptidoglycan (PG) 212:229 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 2 43 theme concerted 317:325 arg1 activity 327:334 the concerted activity 313:334 the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes 313:373 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 10 44 theme multigenomic 1718:1729 arg1 mycelium 1745:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium 1710:1752 From a single spore, a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium is formed, which differentiates to form spores. 30061355 2 45 theme enzymes 367:373 arg1 activity 327:334 the concerted activity 313:334 the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes 313:373 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 7 46 theme disaccharide 1159:1170 arg1 units 1172:1176 the disaccharide units 1155:1176 the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells 1155:1202 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 3 47 theme spores 528:533 arg1 growth 487:492 mycelial growth 478:492 mycelial growth 478:492 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 3 47 theme spores 528:533 arg1 formation 502:510 the formation 498:510 the formation of reproductive spores 498:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 6 48 theme spectrometry 963:974 arg1 analysis 987:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis 929:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis 929:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 9 49 from Streptomycetes 1580:1593 arg1 composition 1532:1542 the composition 1528:1542 the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1528:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 4 50 theme hyphae 594:599 arg1 sites 581:585 apical sites 574:585 apical sites of the hyphae 574:599 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 4 50 theme hyphae 594:599 arg1 hyphae 594:599 the hyphae 590:599 the hyphae 590:599 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 2 51 theme cell 273:276 arg1 growth 278:283 cell growth 273:283 cell growth 273:283 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 6 52 theme chromatography-tandem 936:956 arg1 spectrometry 963:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 929:974 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis 929:994 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 6 52 theme chromatography-tandem 936:956 arg1 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 LC-MS/MS 977:984 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 4 53 theme cell 608:611 arg1 elongation 613:622 cell elongation 608:622 cell elongation 608:622 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 9 54 with organisms 1647:1655 arg1 lifestyle 1623:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 5 55 theme aerial 889:894 arg1 hyphae 896:901 the aerial hyphae 885:901 the aerial hyphae 885:901 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 12 56 theme growing 2064:2070 arg1 mycelia 2072:2078 growing mycelia 2064:2078 growing mycelia 2064:2078 In this work, we provide new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time, highlighting changes over the course of development and between growing mycelia and spores. 30061355 13 57 from changes 2114:2120 arg1 peptidoglycan 2129:2141 the peptidoglycan 2125:2141 the peptidoglycan 2125:2141 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 9 58 from composition 1532:1542 arg1 changes 1517:1523 the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes 1478:1523 changes 1517:1523 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 58 from composition 1532:1542 arg1 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria with a complex lifestyle 1599:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 58 from composition 1532:1542 arg1 Streptomycetes 1580:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes 1557:1593 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 58 from composition 1532:1542 arg1 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 11 59 theme morphological 1866:1878 arg1 differentiation 1880:1894 morphological differentiation 1866:1894 morphological differentiation 1866:1894 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 9 60 theme phase-dependent 1501:1515 arg1 changes 1517:1523 the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes 1478:1523 changes 1517:1523 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 60 theme phase-dependent 1501:1515 arg1 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria 1599:1606 bacteria with a complex lifestyle 1599:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 9 60 theme phase-dependent 1501:1515 arg1 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 dynamic 1482:1488 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 6 61 theme different 1015:1023 arg1 muropeptides 1025:1036 80 different muropeptides 1012:1036 80 different muropeptides 1012:1036 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 5 62 dep cross-linking 793:805 arg1 the 789:791 the 789:791 the 789:791 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 10 63 theme single 1696:1701 arg1 spore 1703:1707 a single spore 1694:1707 a single spore 1694:1707 From a single spore, a large multigenomic multicellular mycelium is formed, which differentiates to form spores. 30061355 13 64 theme peptidoglycan 2181:2193 arg1 hydrolysis 2195:2204 extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis 2171:2204 extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis 2171:2204 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 4 65 theme mycelium 668:675 arg1 remodeling 560:569 cell wall remodeling 550:569 cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation 550:622 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 4 65 theme mycelium 668:675 arg1 degradation 638:648 autolytic degradation 628:648 autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production 628:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 9 66 with bacteria 1599:1606 arg1 lifestyle 1623:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 8 67 theme MurNAc 1265:1270 arg1 pronounced 1297:1306 pronounced 1297:1306 pronounced 1297:1306 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 8 67 theme MurNAc 1265:1270 arg1 deacetylation 1248:1260 The deacetylation 1244:1260 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN 1244:1278 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 13 68 theme aged 2160:2163 arg1 mycelia 2152:2158 the mycelia 2148:2158 the mycelia aged 2148:2163 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 8 69 theme sporulation 1342:1352 arg1 mutants 1354:1360 sporulation mutants 1342:1360 sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG 1342:1392 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 5 70 theme vegetative 863:872 arg1 hyphae 874:879 exponentially growing vegetative hyphae 841:879 exponentially growing vegetative hyphae 841:879 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 11 71 theme cell 1813:1816 arg1 death 1818:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 11 71 theme cell 1813:1816 arg1 event 1840:1844 an important event 1827:1844 an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation 1827:1894 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 13 72 from increase 2229:2236 arg1 proportion 2245:2254 the proportion 2241:2254 the proportion of 3-3 cross-links 2241:2273 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 6 73 theme PG 1060:1061 arg1 hydrolysis 1063:1072 major PG hydrolysis 1054:1072 major PG hydrolysis 1054:1072 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 0 74 from Analysis 16:23 arg1 coelicolor 74:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 4 75 theme production 724:733 arg1 onset 688:692 the onset 684:692 the onset of development and antibiotic production 684:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 8 76 theme bldD 1381:1384 arg1 deletion 1369:1376 a deletion 1367:1376 a deletion of bldD or whiG 1367:1392 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 11 77 theme important 1830:1838 arg1 death 1818:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death 1802:1822 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 11 77 theme important 1830:1838 arg1 event 1840:1844 an important event 1827:1844 an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation 1827:1894 Programmed cell death is an important event during the onset of morphological differentiation. 30061355 7 78 theme autolytic 1224:1232 arg1 activity 1234:1241 autolytic activity 1224:1241 autolytic activity 1224:1241 Half of the dimers lacked one of the disaccharide units in transition-phase cells, most likely due to autolytic activity. 30061355 13 79 theme dynamic 2106:2112 arg1 changes 2114:2120 dynamic changes 2106:2120 dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan 2106:2141 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 0 80 from Composition 46:56 arg1 coelicolor 74:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 8 81 theme whiG 1389:1392 arg1 deletion 1369:1376 a deletion 1367:1376 a deletion of bldD or whiG 1367:1392 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 5 82 theme PGs 829:831 arg1 maturation 811:820 maturation 811:820 maturation 811:820 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 5 82 theme PGs 829:831 arg1 cross-linking 793:805 cross-linking 793:805 cross-linking 793:805 Here, we show that there are distinct differences in the cross-linking and maturation of the PGs between exponentially growing vegetative hyphae and the aerial hyphae that undergo sporulation. 30061355 12 83 theme peptidoglycan 1959:1971 arg1 composition 1973:1983 the peptidoglycan composition 1955:1983 the peptidoglycan composition 1955:1983 In this work, we provide new insights into the changes in the peptidoglycan composition and over time, highlighting changes over the course of development and between growing mycelia and spores. 30061355 1 84 theme cell 100:103 arg1 wall 105:108 The bacterial cell wall 86:108 The bacterial cell wall 86:108 The bacterial cell wall maintains cell shape and protects against bursting by turgor. 30061355 3 85 theme Gram-positive 395:407 arg1 Streptomycetes 376:389 Streptomycetes 376:389 Streptomycetes 376:389 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 3 85 theme Gram-positive 395:407 arg1 bacteria 409:416 Gram-positive bacteria 395:416 Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores 395:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 3 86 theme life 447:450 arg1 style 452:456 a complex multicellular life style 423:456 a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores 423:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 4 87 from sites 581:585 arg1 remodeling 560:569 cell wall remodeling 550:569 cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation 550:622 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 4 87 from sites 581:585 arg1 degradation 638:648 autolytic degradation 628:648 autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production 628:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 6 88 theme mycelial 1105:1112 arg1 growth 1114:1119 mycelial growth 1105:1119 mycelial growth 1105:1119 Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified over 80 different muropeptides, revealing that major PG hydrolysis takes place over the course of mycelial growth. 30061355 8 89 with mutants 1354:1360 arg1 deletion 1369:1376 a deletion 1367:1376 a deletion of bldD or whiG 1367:1392 The deacetylation of MurNAc to MurN was particularly pronounced in spores and strongly reduced in sporulation mutants with a deletion of bldD or whiG, suggesting that MurN is developmentally regulated. 30061355 0 90 theme Composition 46:56 arg1 Analysis 16:23 High-Resolution Analysis 0:23 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor 0:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 3 91 theme complex 425:431 arg1 style 452:456 a complex multicellular life style 423:456 a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores 423:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 4 92 theme wall 555:558 arg1 remodeling 560:569 cell wall remodeling 550:569 cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation 550:622 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 2 93 theme major 174:178 arg1 constituent 180:190 A major constituent 172:190 A major constituent of the cell wall 172:207 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 2 93 theme major 174:178 arg1 peptidoglycan 212:224 peptidoglycan 212:224 peptidoglycan (PG) 212:229 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 3 94 theme mycelial 478:485 arg1 growth 487:492 mycelial growth 478:492 mycelial growth 478:492 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 0 95 theme Streptomyces 61:72 arg1 coelicolor 74:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 Streptomyces coelicolor 61:83 High-Resolution Analysis of the Peptidoglycan Composition in Streptomyces coelicolor. 30061355 9 96 theme bacterial 1661:1669 arg1 multicellularity 1671:1686 bacterial multicellularity 1661:1686 bacterial multicellularity 1661:1686 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 3 97 theme reproductive 515:526 arg1 spores 528:533 reproductive spores 515:533 reproductive spores 515:533 Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with a complex multicellular life style alternating between mycelial growth and the formation of reproductive spores. 30061355 13 98 theme cross-links 2263:2273 arg1 proportion 2245:2254 the proportion 2241:2254 the proportion of 3-3 cross-links 2241:2273 This revealed dynamic changes in the peptidoglycan when the mycelia aged, with extensive peptidoglycan hydrolysis and, in particular, an increase in the proportion of 3-3 cross-links. 30061355 4 99 theme autolytic 628:636 arg1 degradation 638:648 autolytic degradation 628:648 autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production 628:733 This involves cell wall remodeling at apical sites of the hyphae during cell elongation and autolytic degradation of the vegetative mycelium during the onset of development and antibiotic production. 30061355 9 100 theme complex 1615:1621 arg1 lifestyle 1623:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 a complex lifestyle 1613:1631 Altogether, our work highlights the dynamic and growth phase-dependent changes in the composition of the PG in StreptomycesIMPORTANCE Streptomycetes are bacteria with a complex lifestyle and are model organisms for bacterial multicellularity. 30061355 2 101 theme cell 199:202 arg1 wall 204:207 the cell wall 195:207 the cell wall 195:207 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 30061355 2 102 theme hydrolytic 356:365 arg1 enzymes 367:373 biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes 339:373 enzymes 367:373 A major constituent of the cell wall is peptidoglycan (PG), which is continuously modified to enable cell growth and differentiation through the concerted activity of biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes. 31546393 9 0 dep relaxation 1444:1453 arg1 the 1440:1442 the 1440:1442 the 1440:1442 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 1 1 theme bone 374:377 arg1 healing 379:385 undisturbed bone healing 362:385 undisturbed bone healing 362:385 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 4 2 theme solution 778:785 arg1 technique 795:803 a solution casting technique 776:803 a solution casting technique 776:803 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 11 3 theme In 1644:1645 arg1 cytocompatibility 1653:1669 In vitro cytocompatibility 1644:1669 In vitro cytocompatibility 1644:1669 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 6 4 theme cross-linking 1106:1118 arg1 formation 1138:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation 1106:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1106:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 2 5 theme bacteriostatic 504:517 arg1 agent 519:523 a bacteriostatic agent 502:523 a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes 502:576 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31546393 6 6 dep Fourier 988:994 arg1 transform 996:1004 transform 996:1004 transform infrared spectroscopy 996:1026 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 6 7 theme bond 1126:1129 arg1 formation 1138:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation 1106:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1106:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 0 8 link genipin-crosslinked 20:38 arg1 membranes 79:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 3 9 theme bifunctional 584:595 arg1 membrane 597:604 This bifunctional membrane 579:604 This bifunctional membrane 579:604 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 0 10 theme In 117:118 arg1 evaluation 126:135 In vitro evaluation 117:135 In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility 117:182 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 9 11 theme junctions 1490:1498 arg1 relaxation 1444:1453 relaxation 1444:1453 relaxation 1444:1453 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 9 11 theme junctions 1490:1498 arg1 degradation 1459:1469 degradation 1459:1469 degradation 1459:1469 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 6 12 theme % 1186:1186 arg1 degree 1169:1174 a cross-linking degree 1153:1174 a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1153:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 6 13 theme amide 1120:1124 arg1 formation 1138:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation 1106:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1106:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 11 14 theme cell 1786:1789 arg1 viability 1791:1799 cell viability 1786:1799 cell viability 1786:1799 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 5 15 from concentration 913:925 arg1 hinokitiol 889:898 adequate hinokitiol 880:898 adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline) 880:985 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 5 16 theme up 930:931 arg1 concentration 913:925 a loading concentration 903:925 a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline) 903:985 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 11 17 theme cell 1690:1693 arg1 viability 1695:1703 the cell viability 1686:1703 the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol 1686:1733 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 4 18 theme gelatin/hyaluronic 734:751 arg1 acid 753:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 7 19 theme substantial 1223:1233 arg1 activity 1249:1256 substantial antibacterial activity 1223:1256 substantial antibacterial activity 1223:1256 The groups with hinokitiol showed substantial antibacterial activity. 31546393 11 20 with viability 1695:1703 arg1 hinokitiol 1724:1733 hinokitiol 1724:1733 hinokitiol 1724:1733 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 6 21 dep transform 996:1004 arg1 infrared 1006:1013 infrared 1006:1013 transform infrared spectroscopy 996:1026 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 10 22 theme hydrogel 1596:1603 arg1 membranes 1605:1613 hydrogel membranes 1596:1613 hydrogel membranes 1596:1613 Consequently, the degradation of hydrogel membranes with hinokitiol was delayed. 31546393 0 23 dep In 117:118 arg1 vitro 120:124 vitro 120:124 vitro 120:124 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 2 24 theme hyaluronic 415:424 arg1 acid 426:429 hyaluronic acid 415:429 hyaluronic acid 415:429 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31546393 8 25 theme hinokitiol 1286:1295 arg1 Meanwhile 1259:1267 Meanwhile 1259:1267 Meanwhile 1259:1267 Meanwhile, the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes did not significantly affect the tensile strength. 31546393 8 25 theme hinokitiol 1286:1295 arg1 addition 1274:1281 the addition 1270:1281 the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes 1270:1317 Meanwhile, the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes did not significantly affect the tensile strength. 31546393 5 26 theme membrane 839:846 arg1 groups 848:853 The membrane groups 835:853 The membrane groups 835:853 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 8 27 theme tensile 1352:1358 arg1 strength 1360:1367 the tensile strength 1348:1367 the tensile strength 1348:1367 Meanwhile, the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes did not significantly affect the tensile strength. 31546393 9 28 theme membranes 1414:1422 arg1 solubility 1396:1405 the solubility 1392:1405 the solubility of the membranes 1392:1422 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 10 29 theme membranes 1605:1613 arg1 degradation 1581:1591 the degradation 1577:1591 the degradation of hydrogel membranes with hinokitiol 1577:1629 Consequently, the degradation of hydrogel membranes with hinokitiol was delayed. 31546393 1 30 theme epithelial 315:324 arg1 tissues 326:332 epithelial tissues 315:332 epithelial tissues 315:332 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 3 31 theme antibacterial 631:643 arg1 activities 645:654 antibacterial activities 631:654 antibacterial activities 631:654 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 11 32 dep In 1644:1645 arg1 vitro 1647:1651 vitro 1647:1651 vitro 1647:1651 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 1 33 theme physical 222:229 arg1 membranes 194:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 1 33 theme physical 222:229 arg1 barriers 231:238 physical barriers 222:238 physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery 222:287 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 0 34 theme gelatin/hyaluronic 40:57 arg1 membranes 79:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 3 35 contain had 606:608 arg2 activities 645:654 antibacterial activities 631:654 antibacterial activities 631:654 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 3 35 contain had 606:608 arg2 biocompatibility 610:625 biocompatibility 610:625 biocompatibility 610:625 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 3 35 contain had 606:608 arg1 membrane 597:604 This bifunctional membrane 579:604 This bifunctional membrane 579:604 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 0 36 theme activity 154:161 arg1 evaluation 126:135 In vitro evaluation 117:135 In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility 117:182 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 8 37 theme hydrogel 1300:1307 arg1 membranes 1309:1317 hydrogel membranes 1300:1317 hydrogel membranes 1300:1317 Meanwhile, the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes did not significantly affect the tensile strength. 31546393 4 38 theme Different 705:713 arg1 groups 724:729 Different membrane groups 705:729 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid 705:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 4 38 theme Different 705:713 arg1 acid 753:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 0 39 theme genipin-crosslinked 20:38 arg1 membranes 79:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 8 40 from addition 1274:1281 arg1 membranes 1309:1317 hydrogel membranes 1300:1317 hydrogel membranes 1300:1317 Meanwhile, the addition of hinokitiol on hydrogel membranes did not significantly affect the tensile strength. 31546393 0 41 theme antibacterial 140:152 arg1 activity 154:161 antibacterial activity 140:161 antibacterial activity 140:161 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 10 42 with degradation 1581:1591 arg1 hinokitiol 1620:1629 hinokitiol 1620:1629 hinokitiol 1620:1629 Consequently, the degradation of hydrogel membranes with hinokitiol was delayed. 31546393 5 43 theme loading 905:911 arg1 concentration 913:925 a loading concentration 903:925 a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline) 903:985 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 0 44 theme hydrogel 70:77 arg1 membranes 79:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 6 45 theme hyaluronic 1052:1061 arg1 acid 1063:1066 hyaluronic acid 1052:1066 hyaluronic acid 1052:1066 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 0 46 theme biocompatibility 167:182 arg1 evaluation 126:135 In vitro evaluation 117:135 In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility 117:182 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 11 47 theme cell 1840:1843 arg1 testing 1853:1859 cell culture testing 1840:1859 cell culture testing 1840:1859 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 4 48 theme acid 753:756 arg1 groups 724:729 Different membrane groups 705:729 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid 705:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 4 48 theme acid 753:756 arg1 acid 753:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 1 49 theme oral 243:246 arg1 reconstruction 255:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 0 50 theme acid-based 59:68 arg1 membranes 79:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 20:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 9 51 theme hydrophobic 1519:1529 arg1 hinokitiol 1503:1512 hinokitiol 1503:1512 hinokitiol 1503:1512 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 9 51 theme hydrophobic 1519:1529 arg1 compound 1531:1538 a hydrophobic compound 1517:1538 a hydrophobic compound with low permeability 1517:1560 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 3 52 theme membrane 664:671 arg1 side 673:676 each membrane side 659:676 each membrane side for proper biodegradation 659:702 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 9 53 with compound 1531:1538 arg1 permeability 1549:1560 low permeability 1545:1560 low permeability 1545:1560 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 1 54 theme tissue 248:253 arg1 reconstruction 255:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 2 55 theme additive 490:497 arg1 hinokitiol 479:488 a hinokitiol 477:488 a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes 477:576 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31546393 1 56 theme closed 345:350 arg1 space 352:356 a closed space 343:356 a closed space for undisturbed bone healing 343:385 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 2 57 attach crosslinked 436:446 arg3 study 396:400 this study 391:400 this study 391:400 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31546393 7 58 with groups 1193:1198 arg1 hinokitiol 1205:1214 hinokitiol 1205:1214 hinokitiol 1205:1214 The groups with hinokitiol showed substantial antibacterial activity. 31546393 0 59 theme membranes 79:87 arg1 Characterization 0:15 Characterization 0:15 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes 0:87 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 6 60 theme cross-linking 1155:1167 arg1 degree 1169:1174 a cross-linking degree 1153:1174 a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1153:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 6 61 with formation 1138:1146 arg1 degree 1169:1174 a cross-linking degree 1153:1174 a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1153:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 9 62 theme low 1545:1547 arg1 permeability 1549:1560 low permeability 1545:1560 low permeability 1545:1560 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 1 63 from barriers 231:238 arg1 reconstruction 255:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 oral tissue reconstruction 243:268 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 1 63 from barriers 231:238 arg1 surgery 281:287 facial surgery 274:287 facial surgery 274:287 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 4 64 theme casting 787:793 arg1 technique 795:803 a solution casting technique 776:803 a solution casting technique 776:803 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 9 65 theme molecular 1480:1488 arg1 junctions 1490:1498 their molecular junctions 1474:1498 their molecular junctions 1474:1498 However, it decreased the solubility of the membranes by slowing down the relaxation and degradation of their molecular junctions as hinokitiol is a hydrophobic compound with low permeability. 31546393 7 66 theme antibacterial 1235:1247 arg1 activity 1249:1256 substantial antibacterial activity 1223:1256 substantial antibacterial activity 1223:1256 The groups with hinokitiol showed substantial antibacterial activity. 31546393 3 67 theme proper 682:687 arg1 biodegradation 689:702 proper biodegradation 682:702 proper biodegradation 682:702 This bifunctional membrane had biocompatibility and antibacterial activities on each membrane side for proper biodegradation. 31546393 11 68 theme groups 1712:1717 arg1 viability 1695:1703 the cell viability 1686:1703 the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol 1686:1733 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 4 69 dep crosslinked 822:832 arg1 genipin 814:820 genipin 814:820 genipin 814:820 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 5 70 theme phosphate 960:968 arg1 saline 979:984 phosphate buffered saline 960:984 phosphate buffered saline 960:984 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 6 71 theme CONH 1132:1135 arg1 formation 1138:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation 1106:1146 cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84% 1106:1186 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin through cross-linking amide bond (CONH) formation with a cross-linking degree of over 84%. 31546393 11 72 theme culture 1845:1851 arg1 testing 1853:1859 cell culture testing 1840:1859 cell culture testing 1840:1859 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 5 73 dep 0.16 g/L 936:943 arg1 hinokitiol 946:955 hinokitiol 946:955 hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline 946:984 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 11 74 theme incubation 1750:1759 arg1 time 1761:1764 incubation time 1750:1764 incubation time 1750:1764 In vitro cytocompatibility indicated that the cell viability of the groups with hinokitiol increased with incubation time, demonstrating that cell viability and proliferation were not affected by cell culture testing. 31546393 2 75 theme potential 529:537 arg1 applications 539:550 potential applications 529:550 potential applications as regeneration membranes 529:576 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31546393 4 76 theme membrane 715:722 arg1 groups 724:729 Different membrane groups 705:729 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid 705:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 4 76 theme membrane 715:722 arg1 acid 753:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 gelatin/hyaluronic acid 734:756 Different membrane groups of gelatin/hyaluronic acid were obtained via a solution casting technique and were genipin crosslinked. 31546393 1 77 used used 214:217 arg2 membranes 194:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 1 77 used used 214:217 arg2 barriers 231:238 physical barriers 222:238 physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery 222:287 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 5 78 theme buffered 970:977 arg1 saline 979:984 phosphate buffered saline 960:984 phosphate buffered saline 960:984 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 1 79 theme facial 274:279 arg1 surgery 281:287 facial surgery 274:287 facial surgery 274:287 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 5 80 theme adequate 880:887 arg1 hinokitiol 889:898 adequate hinokitiol 880:898 adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline) 880:985 The membrane groups were further loaded with adequate hinokitiol at a loading concentration of up to 0.16 g/L (hinokitiol to phosphate buffered saline). 31546393 1 81 theme undisturbed 362:372 arg1 healing 379:385 undisturbed bone healing 362:385 undisturbed bone healing 362:385 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 0 82 dep Characterization 0:15 arg1 evaluation 126:135 In vitro evaluation 117:135 In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility 117:182 Characterization of genipin-crosslinked gelatin/hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel membranes and loaded with hinokitiol: In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. 31546393 1 83 theme Hydrogel 185:192 arg1 membranes 194:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes 185:202 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 1 83 theme Hydrogel 185:192 arg1 barriers 231:238 physical barriers 222:238 physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery 222:287 Hydrogel membranes are often used as physical barriers in oral tissue reconstruction and facial surgery to isolate connective and epithelial tissues and form a closed space for undisturbed bone healing. 31546393 2 84 theme regeneration 555:566 arg1 membranes 568:576 regeneration membranes 555:576 regeneration membranes 555:576 In this study, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were crosslinked with genipin and loaded with a hinokitiol additive as a bacteriostatic agent for potential applications as regeneration membranes. 31891885 0 0 theme in 82:83 arg1 study 91:95 An in vitro study 79:95 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 0:151 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 4 1 theme resistant 657:665 arg1 matter 705:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 1 theme resistant 657:665 arg1 starch 667:672 resistant starch 657:672 resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter) 657:711 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 5 2 dep in 893:894 arg1 vitro 896:900 vitro 896:900 vitro 896:900 Multivariate statistics showed that flavonoids characterizing PS were the most discriminant compounds during the in vitro digestion. 31891885 4 3 theme lower 718:722 arg1 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 3 theme lower 718:722 arg1 index 742:746 lower starch hydrolysis index 718:746 lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) 718:751 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 4 theme greater 558:564 arg1 tannin 566:571 greater tannin 558:571 greater tannin 558:571 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 7 5 theme good 1101:1104 arg1 candidates 1106:1115 good candidates 1101:1115 good candidates for the formulation of functional foods 1101:1155 Therefore, PS flours might be good candidates for the formulation of functional foods. 31891885 4 6 contain had 645:647 arg1 flours 638:643 PS flours 635:643 PS flours 635:643 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 6 contain had 645:647 arg2 index 742:746 lower starch hydrolysis index 718:746 lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) 718:751 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 6 contain had 645:647 arg2 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 6 contain had 645:647 arg2 greater 649:655 greater 649:655 greater 649:655 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 5 7 theme in 893:894 arg1 digestion 902:910 the in vitro digestion 889:910 the in vitro digestion 889:910 Multivariate statistics showed that flavonoids characterizing PS were the most discriminant compounds during the in vitro digestion. 31891885 1 8 theme starch 255:260 arg1 digestibility 262:274 starch digestibility 255:274 starch digestibility 255:274 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 4 9 dep greater 649:655 arg1 matter 705:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 9 dep greater 649:655 arg1 starch 667:672 resistant starch 657:672 resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter) 657:711 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 7 10 theme foods 1151:1155 arg1 formulation 1125:1135 the formulation 1121:1135 the formulation of functional foods 1121:1155 Therefore, PS flours might be good candidates for the formulation of functional foods. 31891885 2 11 theme sorghum 283:289 arg1 control 314:320 control 314:320 control 314:320 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 2 11 theme sorghum 283:289 arg1 flour 296:300 White sorghum (WS) flour 277:300 White sorghum (WS) flour 277:300 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 1 12 theme digestibility 262:274 arg1 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 153:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 1 12 theme digestibility 262:274 arg1 modulators 241:250 possible modulators 232:250 possible modulators of starch digestibility 232:274 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 0 13 theme starch 107:112 arg1 digestion 114:122 starch digestion 107:122 starch digestion 107:122 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 6 14 theme anthocyanin 996:1006 arg1 profiles 1008:1015 the anthocyanin profiles 992:1015 the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) 992:1035 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 2 15 theme White 277:281 arg1 sorghum 283:289 White sorghum 277:289 White sorghum (WS) flour 277:300 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 2 15 theme White 277:281 arg1 WS 292:293 WS 292:293 WS 292:293 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 1 16 theme pigmented 175:183 arg1 flours 198:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 2 17 used used 306:309 arg2 flour 296:300 White sorghum (WS) flour 277:300 White sorghum (WS) flour 277:300 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 2 17 used used 306:309 arg2 control 314:320 control 314:320 control 314:320 White sorghum (WS) flour was used as control. 31891885 0 18 theme Pigmented 0:8 arg1 polyphenols 18:28 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols 0:28 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 0:151 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 1 19 theme sorghum 185:191 arg1 flours 198:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 0 20 theme sorghum 10:16 arg1 polyphenols 18:28 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols 0:28 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 0:151 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 0 21 dep in 82:83 arg1 vitro 85:89 vitro 85:89 vitro 85:89 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 7 22 theme PS 1082:1083 arg1 flours 1085:1090 PS flours 1082:1090 PS flours 1082:1090 Therefore, PS flours might be good candidates for the formulation of functional foods. 31891885 4 23 theme PS 635:636 arg1 flours 638:643 PS flours 635:643 PS flours 635:643 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 3 24 theme raw 384:386 arg1 flours 399:404 cooked flours 392:404 cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) 392:461 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 3 24 theme raw 384:386 arg1 composition 369:379 the phenolic composition 356:379 the phenolic composition of raw 356:386 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 4 25 theme cooked 769:774 arg1 WS 776:777 cooked WS 769:777 cooked WS 769:777 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 1 26 theme PS 194:195 arg1 flours 198:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 170:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 3 27 theme phenolic 360:367 arg1 composition 369:379 the phenolic composition 356:379 the phenolic composition of raw 356:386 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 3 28 from differences 476:486 arg1 flavonoids 491:500 flavonoids 491:500 flavonoids 491:500 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 3 28 from differences 476:486 arg1 acids 515:519 phenolic acids 506:519 phenolic acids 506:519 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 4 29 theme dry 701:703 arg1 starch 667:672 resistant starch 657:672 resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter) 657:711 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 29 theme dry 701:703 arg1 matter 705:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 3 30 theme Untargeted 323:332 arg1 metabolomics 334:345 Untargeted metabolomics 323:345 Untargeted metabolomics 323:345 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 4 31 theme /100 g 694:699 arg1 starch 667:672 resistant starch 657:672 resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter) 657:711 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 31 theme /100 g 694:699 arg1 matter 705:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter 675:710 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 6 32 theme raw 964:966 arg1 ingredients 968:978 raw ingredients 964:978 raw ingredients 964:978 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 0 33 theme potential 33:41 arg1 inhibitors 43:52 potential inhibitors 33:52 potential inhibitors of starch digestibility 33:76 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 0 34 theme untargeted 128:137 arg1 metabolomics 139:150 untargeted metabolomics 128:150 untargeted metabolomics 128:150 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 6 35 theme total 938:942 arg1 content 952:958 total tannins content 938:958 total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) 938:1035 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 0 36 theme starch 57:62 arg1 digestibility 64:76 starch digestibility 57:76 starch digestibility 57:76 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 3 37 theme cooked 392:397 arg1 flours 399:404 cooked flours 392:404 cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) 392:461 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 4 38 theme PS 526:527 arg1 flours 529:534 Raw PS flours 522:534 Raw PS flours 522:534 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 6 39 from kafirin 926:932 arg1 ingredients 968:978 raw ingredients 964:978 raw ingredients 964:978 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 4 40 theme kafirin 577:583 arg1 contents 585:592 kafirin contents 577:592 kafirin contents 577:592 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 3 41 from 30 min 446:451 arg1 water 456:460 water 456:460 water 456:460 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 4 42 theme Raw 522:524 arg1 flours 529:534 Raw PS flours 522:534 Raw PS flours 522:534 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 43 theme starch 724:729 arg1 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 43 theme starch 724:729 arg1 index 742:746 lower starch hydrolysis index 718:746 lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) 718:751 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 1 44 from flours 198:203 arg1 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 153:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 1 44 from flours 198:203 arg1 modulators 241:250 possible modulators 232:250 possible modulators of starch digestibility 232:274 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 4 45 dep 21.4 g 687:692 arg1 to 684:685 to 684:685 to 684:685 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 0 46 dep polyphenols 18:28 arg1 study 91:95 An in vitro study 79:95 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 0:151 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 5 47 theme discriminant 859:870 arg1 compounds 872:880 the most discriminant compounds 850:880 the most discriminant compounds 850:880 Multivariate statistics showed that flavonoids characterizing PS were the most discriminant compounds during the in vitro digestion. 31891885 5 47 theme discriminant 859:870 arg1 flavonoids 816:825 flavonoids 816:825 flavonoids characterizing PS 816:843 Multivariate statistics showed that flavonoids characterizing PS were the most discriminant compounds during the in vitro digestion. 31891885 6 48 from content 952:958 arg1 ingredients 968:978 raw ingredients 964:978 raw ingredients 964:978 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 6 49 from profiles 1008:1015 arg1 samples 1028:1034 cooked samples 1021:1034 cooked samples 1021:1034 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 6 50 theme cooked 1021:1026 arg1 samples 1028:1034 cooked samples 1021:1034 cooked samples 1021:1034 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 5 51 theme Multivariate 780:791 arg1 statistics 793:802 Multivariate statistics 780:802 Multivariate statistics 780:802 Multivariate statistics showed that flavonoids characterizing PS were the most discriminant compounds during the in vitro digestion. 31891885 6 52 theme tannins 944:950 arg1 content 952:958 total tannins content 938:958 total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) 938:1035 In addition, kafirin and total tannins content (on raw ingredients) along with the anthocyanin profiles (on cooked samples) were negative correlated with HI. 31891885 0 53 theme digestibility 64:76 arg1 inhibitors 43:52 potential inhibitors 33:52 potential inhibitors of starch digestibility 33:76 Pigmented sorghum polyphenols as potential inhibitors of starch digestibility: An in vitro study combining starch digestion and untargeted metabolomics. 31891885 4 54 theme hydrolysis 731:740 arg1 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 HI 749:750 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 4 54 theme hydrolysis 731:740 arg1 index 742:746 lower starch hydrolysis index 718:746 lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) 718:751 Raw PS flours were characterized by greater tannin and kafirin contents when compared to WS, and, after cooking, PS flours had greater resistant starch (from 4.2 to 21.4 g /100 g dry matter), and lower starch hydrolysis index (HI) with respect to cooked WS. 31891885 3 55 theme phenolic 506:513 arg1 acids 515:519 phenolic acids 506:519 phenolic acids 506:519 Untargeted metabolomics depicted the phenolic composition of raw and cooked flours (obtained through heating at 100 °C for 30 min in water) highlighting differences in flavonoids and phenolic acids. 31891885 7 56 theme functional 1140:1149 arg1 foods 1151:1155 functional foods 1140:1155 functional foods 1140:1155 Therefore, PS flours might be good candidates for the formulation of functional foods. 31891885 1 57 theme possible 232:239 arg1 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols 153:163 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours 153:203 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 31891885 1 57 theme possible 232:239 arg1 modulators 241:250 possible modulators 232:250 possible modulators of starch digestibility 232:274 Polyphenols from five pigmented sorghum (PS) flours were in vitro evaluated as possible modulators of starch digestibility. 30724558 5 0 theme single-molecule 1359:1373 arg1 detection 1375:1383 single-molecule detection 1359:1383 single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1359:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 7 1 theme biological 1748:1757 arg1 probe 1768:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 1 2 theme small 275:279 arg1 molecule 281:288 a small molecule 273:288 a small molecule using ion channel activity 273:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 7 3 theme described 1721:1729 arg1 probe 1768:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 3 4 theme operational 670:680 arg1 parameters 682:691 several operational parameters 662:691 several operational parameters 662:691 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 5 5 theme tip 1340:1342 arg1 method 1332:1337 the former method 1321:1337 the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1321:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 5 5 theme tip 1340:1342 arg1 side 1344:1347 tip side 1340:1347 tip side 1340:1347 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 1 6 theme probe 189:193 arg1 characterization 139:154 the quantitative characterization 122:154 the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 122:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 4 7 theme double-layer 1111:1122 arg1 electrode 1100:1108 the working electrode 1088:1108 the working electrode (double-layer charging) 1088:1132 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 7 theme double-layer 1111:1122 arg1 charging 1124:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 2 8 theme subsequent 506:515 arg1 recordings 536:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 7 9 theme long 1706:1709 arg1 term 1711:1714 the long term 1702:1714 the long term 1702:1714 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 2 10 theme poly 437:440 arg1 glycol 452:457 a poly(ethylene) glycol 435:457 a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 435:467 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 5 11 dep insertion 1211:1219 arg1 side 1226:1229 tip side 1222:1229 tip side 1222:1229 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 5 11 dep insertion 1211:1219 arg1 side 1239:1242 bath side 1234:1242 bath side 1234:1242 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 3 12 from effects 651:657 arg1 performance 700:710 the performance 696:710 the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode 696:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 3 13 theme nanoneedle 562:571 arg1 approach 583:590 this nanoneedle electrode approach 557:590 this nanoneedle electrode approach 557:590 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 3 14 theme channel 723:729 arg1 performance 700:710 the performance 696:710 the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode 696:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 1 15 theme quantitative 126:137 arg1 characterization 139:154 the quantitative characterization 122:154 the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 122:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 2 16 theme ion 524:526 arg1 recordings 536:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 6 17 theme probe 1527:1531 arg1 use 1481:1483 future use 1474:1483 future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy 1474:1561 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 3 18 theme phenomenon 763:772 arg1 performance 700:710 the performance 696:710 the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode 696:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 4 19 theme composition 953:963 arg1 effects 899:905 the effects 895:905 the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements 895:1020 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 2 20 theme gold 411:414 arg1 wire 416:419 an etched gold wire 401:419 an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 401:467 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 6 21 theme biological 1507:1516 arg1 probe 1527:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 1 22 theme gold 161:164 arg1 probe 189:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 2 23 theme glycol 452:457 arg1 monolayer 459:467 a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 435:467 a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 435:467 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 5 24 theme tip 1222:1224 arg1 side 1226:1229 tip side 1222:1229 tip side 1222:1229 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 1 25 theme ion 177:179 arg1 probe 189:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 5 26 theme α-hemolysin 1431:1441 arg1 channel 1443:1449 a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1415:1449 a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1415:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 3 27 dep channel 723:729 arg1 measurement 731:741 measurement 731:741 measurement 731:741 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 4 28 theme supporting 924:933 arg1 monolayer 935:943 the supporting monolayer 920:943 the supporting monolayer 920:943 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 29 contain carries 1069:1075 arg2 current 1077:1083 current 1077:1083 current 1077:1083 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 29 contain carries 1069:1075 arg1 what 1064:1067 what 1064:1067 what 1064:1067 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 29 contain carries 1069:1075 arg3 charging 1124:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 29 contain carries 1069:1075 arg3 electrode 1100:1108 the working electrode 1088:1108 the working electrode (double-layer charging) 1088:1132 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 30 theme channel 993:999 arg1 measurements 1009:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 1 31 theme molecule 281:288 arg1 detection 260:268 spatially resolved detection 241:268 spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity 241:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 2 32 theme wire 416:419 arg1 use 394:396 the use 390:396 the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings 390:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 5 33 theme diffusing 1257:1265 arg1 protein 1267:1273 freely diffusing protein 1250:1273 freely diffusing protein 1250:1273 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 2 34 theme etched 404:409 arg1 wire 416:419 an etched gold wire 401:419 an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 401:467 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 0 35 theme Chemical 19:26 arg1 Detection 28:36 Chemical Detection 19:36 Chemical Detection 19:36 Spatially Resolved Chemical Detection with a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore. 30724558 1 36 theme ion 296:298 arg1 activity 308:315 ion channel activity 296:315 ion channel activity 296:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 7 37 theme ion 1849:1851 arg1 channels 1853:1860 ion channels 1849:1860 ion channels 1849:1860 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 2 38 theme ethylene 442:449 arg1 glycol 452:457 a poly(ethylene) glycol 435:457 a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer 435:467 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 6 39 from concentration 1629:1641 arg1 channel 1678:1684 a microfluidic channel 1663:1684 a microfluidic channel 1663:1684 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 5 40 theme former 1325:1330 arg1 method 1332:1337 the former method 1321:1337 the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1321:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 5 40 theme former 1325:1330 arg1 side 1344:1347 tip side 1340:1347 tip side 1340:1347 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 0 41 theme Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported 45:70 arg1 Nanopore 83:90 a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore 43:90 a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore 43:90 Spatially Resolved Chemical Detection with a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore. 30724558 7 42 theme ion 1816:1818 arg1 microscopy 1832:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 1 43 theme probe 231:235 arg1 utility 215:221 the utility 211:221 the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity 211:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 2 44 theme co-workers 365:374 arg1 reports 346:352 recent reports 339:352 recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings 339:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 5 45 theme protein 1203:1209 arg1 insertion 1211:1219 protein insertion 1203:1219 protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) 1203:1243 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 4 46 theme baths 984:988 arg1 length 910:915 length 910:915 length of the supporting monolayer 910:943 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 46 theme baths 984:988 arg1 composition 953:963 the composition 949:963 the composition of the electrolyte baths 949:988 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 7 47 theme nanopore 1759:1766 arg1 probe 1768:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 3 48 theme several 662:668 arg1 parameters 682:691 several operational parameters 662:691 several operational parameters 662:691 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 2 49 theme Ide 357:359 arg1 reports 346:352 recent reports 339:352 recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings 339:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 7 50 theme nanoneedle-based 1731:1746 arg1 probe 1768:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1717:1772 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 4 51 theme quantitative 1036:1047 arg1 description 1049:1059 a quantitative description 1034:1059 a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging) 1034:1132 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 5 52 theme β-cyclodextrin 1388:1401 arg1 detection 1375:1383 single-molecule detection 1359:1383 single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1359:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 1 53 theme channel 181:187 arg1 probe 189:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 3 54 theme parameters 682:691 arg1 effects 651:657 the effects 647:657 the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode 647:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 6 55 theme future 1474:1479 arg1 use 1481:1483 future use 1474:1483 future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy 1474:1561 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 3 56 theme ion 719:721 arg1 channel 723:729 the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon 715:772 channel 723:729 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 4 57 theme working 1092:1098 arg1 electrode 1100:1108 the working electrode 1088:1108 the working electrode (double-layer charging) 1088:1132 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 57 theme working 1092:1098 arg1 charging 1124:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 double-layer charging 1111:1131 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 58 from effects 899:905 arg1 measurements 1009:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 2 59 theme lipid 488:492 arg1 bilayer 494:500 a lipid bilayer 486:500 a lipid bilayer 486:500 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 6 60 theme βCD 1646:1648 arg1 molecules 1650:1658 βCD molecules 1646:1658 βCD molecules 1646:1658 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 3 61 theme electrochemical 747:761 arg1 phenomenon 763:772 electrochemical phenomenon 747:772 electrochemical phenomenon 747:772 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 6 62 theme scanned-probe 1538:1550 arg1 microscopy 1552:1561 a scanned-probe microscopy 1536:1561 a scanned-probe microscopy 1536:1561 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 2 63 theme channel 528:534 arg1 recordings 536:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 5 64 theme bath 1234:1237 arg1 side 1239:1242 bath side 1234:1242 bath side 1234:1242 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 2 65 theme single 517:522 arg1 recordings 536:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 subsequent single ion channel recordings 506:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 3 66 theme electrode 573:581 arg1 approach 583:590 this nanoneedle electrode approach 557:590 this nanoneedle electrode approach 557:590 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 6 67 theme nanopore 1518:1525 arg1 probe 1527:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 3 68 theme supported 823:831 arg1 bilayer 833:839 the supported bilayer 819:839 the supported bilayer 819:839 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 4 69 theme monolayer 935:943 arg1 length 910:915 length 910:915 length of the supporting monolayer 910:943 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 4 69 theme monolayer 935:943 arg1 composition 953:963 the composition 949:963 the composition of the electrolyte baths 949:988 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 6 70 theme nanoneedle-based 1490:1505 arg1 probe 1527:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe 1488:1531 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 1 71 theme nanoneedle 166:175 arg1 probe 189:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe 159:193 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 5 72 theme reconstituted 1417:1429 arg1 channel 1443:1449 a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1415:1449 a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel 1415:1449 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 6 73 from use 1481:1483 arg1 microscopy 1552:1561 a scanned-probe microscopy 1536:1561 a scanned-probe microscopy 1536:1561 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 3 74 theme gold 849:852 arg1 electrode 854:862 the gold electrode 845:862 the gold electrode 845:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 4 75 theme length 910:915 arg1 effects 899:905 the effects 895:905 the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements 895:1020 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 3 76 theme nanoconfined 792:803 arg1 space 805:809 the nanoconfined space 788:809 the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode 788:862 Although this nanoneedle electrode approach was reported previously, in our report, we investigate the effects of several operational parameters on the performance of the ion channel measurement and electrochemical phenomenon that occur in the nanoconfined space between the supported bilayer and the gold electrode. 30724558 6 77 theme microfluidic 1665:1676 arg1 channel 1678:1684 a microfluidic channel 1663:1684 a microfluidic channel 1663:1684 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 6 78 theme molecules 1650:1658 arg1 concentration 1629:1641 the concentration 1625:1641 the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel 1625:1684 Finally, anticipating future use of a nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe in a scanned-probe microscopy, we demonstrate the ability to quantify and spatially resolve the concentration of βCD molecules in a microfluidic channel. 30724558 4 79 theme current 1001:1007 arg1 measurements 1009:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 channel current measurements 993:1020 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 1 80 theme channel 300:306 arg1 activity 308:315 ion channel activity 296:315 ion channel activity 296:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 7 81 theme conductance 1820:1830 arg1 microscopy 1832:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 0 82 theme Biological 72:81 arg1 Nanopore 83:90 a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore 43:90 a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore 43:90 Spatially Resolved Chemical Detection with a Nanoneedle-Probe-Supported Biological Nanopore. 30724558 7 83 theme scanning 1807:1814 arg1 microscopy 1832:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 scanning ion conductance microscopy 1807:1841 We believe, in the long term, the described nanoneedle-based biological nanopore probe can be employed in, for example, scanning ion conductance microscopy using ion channels. 30724558 4 84 theme electrolyte 972:982 arg1 baths 984:988 the electrolyte baths 968:988 the electrolyte baths 968:988 More specifically, we address the effects of length of the supporting monolayer and the composition of the electrolyte baths on channel current measurements and provide a quantitative description of what carries current at the working electrode (double-layer charging). 30724558 2 85 theme recent 339:344 arg1 reports 346:352 recent reports 339:352 recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings 339:545 Our report builds on recent reports of Ide and co-workers, who reported the use of an etched gold wire modified with a poly(ethylene) glycol monolayer as a support for a lipid bilayer and subsequent single ion channel recordings. 30724558 1 86 theme resolved 251:258 arg1 detection 260:268 spatially resolved detection 241:268 spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity 241:315 In this article, we describe the quantitative characterization of a gold nanoneedle ion channel probe and demonstrate the utility of this probe for spatially resolved detection of a small molecule using ion channel activity. 30724558 5 87 with direction 1190:1198 arg1 protein 1267:1273 freely diffusing protein 1250:1273 freely diffusing protein 1250:1273 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30724558 5 88 theme insertion 1211:1219 arg1 direction 1190:1198 the direction 1186:1198 the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported 1186:1313 In addition, we demonstrate the ability to control the direction of protein insertion (tip side vs bath side) with freely diffusing protein, which has not been previously reported, with the former method (tip side) enabling single-molecule detection of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) using a reconstituted α-hemolysin channel. 30422706 9 0 from V2 1432:1433 arg1 2'-FL 1423:1427 2'-FL 1423:1427 2'-FL at V2 1423:1433 In secretor-positive women, BMI was negatively correlated with 2'-FL at V2. 30422706 1 1 theme Human 105:109 arg1 oligosaccharides 116:131 Human milk oligosaccharides 105:131 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 105:138 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 1 theme Human 105:109 arg1 glycans 154:160 bioactive glycans 144:160 bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 144:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 1 theme Human 105:109 arg1 HMOs 134:137 HMOs 134:137 HMOs 134:137 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 12 2 theme maternal 1657:1664 arg1 composition 1671:1681 maternal body composition 1657:1681 maternal body composition 1657:1681 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 3 3 from composition 449:459 arg1 serum 491:495 maternal serum 482:495 maternal serum 482:495 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 8 4 from increase 1290:1297 arg1 2'-FL 1321:1325 2'-FL 1321:1325 2'-FL 1321:1325 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 8 4 from increase 1290:1297 arg1 2'-fucosyllactose 1302:1318 2'-fucosyllactose 1302:1318 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) 1302:1326 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 5 5 theme prepregnancy 765:776 arg1 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 5 theme prepregnancy 765:776 arg1 index 788:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index 756:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) 756:798 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 6 with thickness 835:843 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 7 from concentration 465:477 arg1 serum 491:495 maternal serum 482:495 maternal serum 482:495 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 1 8 theme health 174:179 arg1 benefits 181:188 health benefits 174:188 health benefits 174:188 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 3 9 theme maternal 627:634 arg1 composition 641:651 maternal body composition 627:651 maternal body composition 627:651 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 10 with variations 431:440 arg1 composition 641:651 maternal body composition 627:651 maternal body composition 627:651 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 9 11 theme secretor-positive 1363:1379 arg1 women 1381:1385 secretor-positive women 1363:1385 secretor-positive women 1363:1385 In secretor-positive women, BMI was negatively correlated with 2'-FL at V2. 30422706 1 12 theme milk 111:114 arg1 oligosaccharides 116:131 Human milk oligosaccharides 105:131 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 105:138 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 12 theme milk 111:114 arg1 glycans 154:160 bioactive glycans 144:160 bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 144:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 12 theme milk 111:114 arg1 HMOs 134:137 HMOs 134:137 HMOs 134:137 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 8 13 theme sialylated 1182:1191 arg1 profile 1193:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile 1166:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 1166:1205 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 5 14 theme Spearman 924:931 arg1 correlation 933:943 Spearman correlation 924:943 Spearman correlation 924:943 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 15 theme subcutaneous 801:812 arg1 SAT 830:832 SAT 830:832 SAT 830:832 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 15 theme subcutaneous 801:812 arg1 tissue 822:827 subcutaneous adipose tissue 801:827 subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness 801:843 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 11 16 located present 1562:1568 arg1 serum 1582:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 11 16 located present 1562:1568 arg2 HMOs 1553:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 5 17 theme tissue 822:827 arg1 thickness 835:843 subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness 801:843 subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness 801:843 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 8 18 theme fucosylated-to-sialylated 1226:1250 arg1 ratio 1252:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio 1210:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3 1210:1262 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 12 19 theme fetal 1825:1829 arg1 health 1831:1836 maternal and fetal health 1812:1836 maternal and fetal health 1812:1836 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 1 20 theme bioactive 144:152 arg1 oligosaccharides 116:131 Human milk oligosaccharides 105:131 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 105:138 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 20 theme bioactive 144:152 arg1 glycans 154:160 bioactive glycans 144:160 bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 144:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 0 21 from Evidence 0:7 arg1 circulation 52:62 maternal circulation 43:62 maternal circulation 43:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 5 22 with index 788:792 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 23 theme individual 407:416 arg1 variations 431:440 individual and temporal variations 407:440 variations 431:440 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 7 24 theme secretor 1083:1090 arg1 status 1092:1097 secretor status 1083:1097 secretor status 1083:1097 HMO concentration and composition varied with gestational age and secretor status. 30422706 0 25 from oligosaccharides 23:38 arg1 circulation 52:62 maternal circulation 43:62 maternal circulation 43:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 12 26 theme maternal 1812:1819 arg1 health 1831:1836 maternal and fetal health 1812:1836 maternal and fetal health 1812:1836 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 11 27 from present 1562:1568 arg1 serum 1582:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 0 28 theme human 12:16 arg1 oligosaccharides 23:38 human milk oligosaccharides 12:38 human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation 12:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 12 29 theme HMO 1766:1768 arg1 composition 1770:1780 HMO composition 1766:1780 HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health 1766:1836 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 5 30 theme thickness 835:843 arg1 Associations 740:751 Associations 740:751 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations 740:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 31 theme temporal 422:429 arg1 variations 431:440 individual and temporal variations 407:440 variations 431:440 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 0 32 theme oligosaccharides 23:38 arg1 Evidence 0:7 Evidence 0:7 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation 0:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 10 33 from V1 1443:1444 arg1 SAT 1436:1438 SAT 1436:1438 SAT at V1 and V2 1436:1451 SAT at V1 and V2 were strongly negatively correlated with 2'-FL concentrations. 30422706 4 34 theme mass 721:724 arg1 spectrometry 726:737 mass spectrometry 721:737 mass spectrometry 721:737 HMOs were quantified by HPLC and confirmed by enzymatic digest and mass spectrometry. 30422706 3 35 from variations 431:440 arg1 concentration 465:477 concentration 465:477 concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 465:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 35 from variations 431:440 arg1 weeks 512:516 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 35 from variations 431:440 arg1 composition 449:459 HMO composition 445:459 HMO composition 445:459 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 0 36 theme maternal 43:50 arg1 circulation 52:62 maternal circulation 43:62 maternal circulation 43:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 10 37 from V2 1450:1451 arg1 SAT 1436:1438 SAT 1436:1438 SAT at V1 and V2 1436:1451 SAT at V1 and V2 were strongly negatively correlated with 2'-FL concentrations. 30422706 4 38 theme enzymatic 700:708 arg1 digest 710:715 enzymatic digest 700:715 enzymatic digest 700:715 HMOs were quantified by HPLC and confirmed by enzymatic digest and mass spectrometry. 30422706 8 39 from V3 1261:1262 arg1 ratio 1252:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio 1210:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3 1210:1262 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 1 40 theme breast-fed 202:211 arg1 mother 234:239 both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 193:239 mother 234:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 11 41 theme pilot 1521:1525 arg1 study 1527:1531 This pilot study 1516:1531 This pilot study 1516:1531 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 2 42 theme maternal 346:353 arg1 composition 360:370 maternal body composition 346:370 maternal body composition 346:370 We hypothesized that HMOs are present before lactation, already during pregnancy, and are influenced by maternal body composition. 30422706 12 43 with composition 1770:1780 arg1 implications 1795:1806 unknown implications 1787:1806 unknown implications for maternal and fetal health 1787:1836 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 5 44 theme HMO 888:890 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 11 45 theme prenatal 1544:1551 arg1 HMOs 1553:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 3 46 theme maternal 482:489 arg1 serum 491:495 maternal serum 482:495 maternal serum 482:495 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 12 47 theme body 1666:1669 arg1 composition 1671:1681 maternal body composition 1657:1681 maternal body composition 1657:1681 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 5 48 theme maternal 756:763 arg1 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 48 theme maternal 756:763 arg1 index 788:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index 756:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) 756:798 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 8 49 theme gestational 1133:1143 arg1 age 1145:1147 gestational age 1133:1147 gestational age 1133:1147 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 10 50 theme 2'-FL 1494:1498 arg1 concentrations 1500:1513 2'-FL concentrations 1494:1513 2'-FL concentrations 1494:1513 SAT at V1 and V2 were strongly negatively correlated with 2'-FL concentrations. 30422706 5 51 theme body 778:781 arg1 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 51 theme body 778:781 arg1 index 788:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index 756:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) 756:798 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 52 from associations 609:620 arg1 concentration 465:477 concentration 465:477 concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 465:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 52 from associations 609:620 arg1 weeks 512:516 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 52 from associations 609:620 arg1 composition 449:459 HMO composition 445:459 HMO composition 445:459 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 8 53 theme secretor 1340:1347 arg1 phenotype 1349:1357 secretor phenotype 1340:1357 secretor phenotype 1340:1357 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 5 54 with adipokines 850:859 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 55 theme body 636:639 arg1 composition 641:651 maternal body composition 627:651 maternal body composition 627:651 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 5 56 theme mass 783:786 arg1 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 BMI 795:797 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 56 theme mass 783:786 arg1 index 788:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index 756:792 maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) 756:798 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 3 57 dep 30-35 558:562 arg1 V2 579:580 V2 579:580 V2 579:580 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 57 dep 30-35 558:562 arg1 V3 587:588 V3 587:588 V3 587:588 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 57 dep 30-35 558:562 arg1 V1 575:576 V1 575:576 V1 575:576 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 8 58 theme HMO 1100:1102 arg1 concentration 1104:1116 HMO concentration 1100:1116 HMO concentration 1100:1116 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 1 59 dep breast-fed 202:211 arg1 infant 213:218 infant 213:218 infant 213:218 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 visit 565:569 visit 3 565:571 visit 3 565:571 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 20-24 536:540 20-24 536:540 20-24 536:540 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 30-35 558:562 30-35 558:562 30-35 558:562 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 10-14 518:522 10-14 518:522 10-14 518:522 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 visit 526:530 visit 1 526:532 visit 1 526:532 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 60 dep weeks 512:516 arg1 visit 544:548 visit 2 544:550 visit 2 544:550 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 5 61 theme adipose 814:820 arg1 SAT 830:832 SAT 830:832 SAT 830:832 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 5 61 theme adipose 814:820 arg1 tissue 822:827 subcutaneous adipose tissue 801:827 subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness 801:843 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 1 62 dep mother 234:239 arg1 both 193:196 both 193:196 both 193:196 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 8 63 gly sialylated 1182:1191 arg1 profile 1193:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile 1166:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 1166:1205 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 5 64 theme index 788:792 arg1 Associations 740:751 Associations 740:751 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations 740:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 11 65 attach present 1562:1568 arg2 HMOs 1553:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 prenatal HMOs 1544:1556 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 11 65 attach present 1562:1568 arg1 serum 1582:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 3 66 from weeks 512:516 arg1 concentration 465:477 concentration 465:477 concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 465:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 66 from weeks 512:516 arg1 variations 431:440 individual and temporal variations 407:440 variations 431:440 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 66 from weeks 512:516 arg1 composition 449:459 HMO composition 445:459 HMO composition 445:459 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 3 66 from weeks 512:516 arg1 associations 609:620 associations 609:620 associations with maternal body composition 609:651 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 8 67 theme balanced 1217:1224 arg1 ratio 1252:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio 1210:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3 1210:1262 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 0 68 theme pilot 92:96 arg1 study 98:102 a pilot study 90:102 a pilot study 90:102 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 8 69 from V1 1204:1205 arg1 profile 1193:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile 1166:1199 a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 1166:1205 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 11 70 from serum 1582:1586 arg1 present 1562:1568 present 1562:1568 present 1562:1568 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 0 71 from circulation 52:62 arg1 Evidence 0:7 Evidence 0:7 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation 0:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 5 72 theme adipokines 850:859 arg1 Associations 740:751 Associations 740:751 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations 740:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 7 73 theme gestational 1063:1073 arg1 age 1075:1077 gestational age 1063:1077 gestational age 1063:1077 HMO concentration and composition varied with gestational age and secretor status. 30422706 8 74 gly fucosylated-to-sialylated 1226:1250 arg1 ratio 1252:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio 1210:1256 a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3 1210:1262 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 2 75 theme body 355:358 arg1 composition 360:370 maternal body composition 346:370 maternal body composition 346:370 We hypothesized that HMOs are present before lactation, already during pregnancy, and are influenced by maternal body composition. 30422706 0 76 theme milk 18:21 arg1 oligosaccharides 23:38 human milk oligosaccharides 12:38 human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation 12:62 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 1 77 attach linked 162:167 arg2 glycans 154:160 bioactive glycans 144:160 bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 144:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 77 attach linked 162:167 arg1 mother 234:239 both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 193:239 mother 234:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 1 77 attach linked 162:167 arg2 oligosaccharides 116:131 Human milk oligosaccharides 105:131 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) 105:138 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 30422706 3 78 theme HMO 445:447 arg1 composition 449:459 HMO composition 445:459 HMO composition 445:459 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 12 79 theme unknown 1787:1793 arg1 implications 1795:1806 unknown implications 1787:1806 unknown implications for maternal and fetal health 1787:1836 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 11 80 theme maternal 1573:1580 arg1 serum 1582:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 maternal serum 1573:1586 This pilot study shows that prenatal HMOs are present in maternal serum, suggesting roles for HMOs already during pregnancy. 30422706 8 81 theme profound 1281:1288 arg1 increase 1290:1297 a profound increase 1279:1297 a profound increase 1279:1297 HMO concentration increased with gestational age and changed from a predominantly sialylated profile at V1 to a more balanced fucosylated-to-sialylated ratio at V3, mostly due to a profound increase in 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), reflecting secretor phenotype. 30422706 7 82 theme HMO 1017:1019 arg1 concentration 1021:1033 HMO concentration 1017:1033 HMO concentration 1017:1033 HMO concentration and composition varied with gestational age and secretor status. 30422706 12 83 theme maternal 1736:1743 arg1 metabolism 1745:1754 maternal metabolism 1736:1754 maternal metabolism 1736:1754 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 12 84 theme prenatal 1702:1709 arg1 HMOs 1711:1714 prenatal HMOs 1702:1714 prenatal HMOs 1702:1714 Our result that maternal body composition is associated with prenatal HMOs might indicate that maternal metabolism modulates HMO composition with unknown implications for maternal and fetal health already during pregnancy. 30422706 3 85 theme pilot 378:382 arg1 study 384:388 a pilot study 376:388 a pilot study 376:388 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 0 86 dep Evidence 0:7 arg1 pregnancy 79:87 pregnancy 79:87 pregnancy 79:87 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 0 86 dep Evidence 0:7 arg1 study 98:102 a pilot study 90:102 a pilot study 90:102 Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study. 30422706 5 87 theme absolute 866:873 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 6 88 theme human 1005:1009 arg1 milk 1011:1014 human milk 1005:1014 human milk 1005:1014 We identified 16 HMOs and 2 oligosaccharides not common to human milk. 30422706 3 89 with associations 609:620 arg1 composition 641:651 maternal body composition 627:651 maternal body composition 627:651 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 5 90 theme relative 879:886 arg1 concentrations 892:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 absolute and relative HMO concentrations 866:905 Associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) thickness, and adipokines with absolute and relative HMO concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation. 30422706 6 91 theme common 995:1000 arg1 HMOs 963:966 16 HMOs 960:966 16 HMOs 960:966 We identified 16 HMOs and 2 oligosaccharides not common to human milk. 30422706 3 92 theme gestational 500:510 arg1 weeks 512:516 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) 500:603 In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2), and 30-35 (visit 3) (V1, V2, and V3, respectively) and associations with maternal body composition. 30422706 1 93 theme lactating 224:232 arg1 mother 234:239 both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother 193:239 mother 234:239 Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. 29733927 0 0 theme fibre 81:85 arg1 films 102:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films 76:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications 76:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 2 1 theme medicine 486:493 arg1 field 464:468 the field 460:468 the field of regenerative medicine 460:493 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 4 2 theme PVA 692:694 arg1 films 696:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 8 3 theme potential 1621:1629 arg1 material 1631:1638 a potential material 1619:1638 a potential material 1619:1638 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 0 4 theme silk 76:79 arg1 films 102:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films 76:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications 76:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 2 5 from suitability 445:455 arg1 field 464:468 the field 460:468 the field of regenerative medicine 460:493 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 5 6 theme polymer 1046:1052 arg1 matrix 1054:1059 the polymer matrix 1042:1059 the polymer matrix 1042:1059 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 3 7 used used 619:622 arg2 fibres 595:600 the fibres 591:600 the fibres 591:600 Chitosan was successfully grafted over silk, via acylation with succinic anhydride and thereby the fibres were incised and used for the preparation of the films. 29733927 0 8 theme PVA 98:100 arg1 films 102:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films 76:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications 76:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 0 9 from Study 0:4 arg1 properties 45:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties 9:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan 9:66 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 2 10 used used 351:354 arg2 fibroin 322:328 silk fibroin 317:328 silk fibroin 317:328 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 5 11 theme improved 950:957 arg1 roughness 967:975 improved surface roughness 950:975 improved surface roughness 950:975 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 0 12 theme reinforced 87:96 arg1 films 102:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films 76:106 silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications 76:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 6 13 theme astrocyte 1204:1212 arg1 cells 1214:1218 astrocyte cells 1204:1218 mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells 1175:1218 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 5 14 theme surface 959:965 arg1 roughness 967:975 improved surface roughness 950:975 improved surface roughness 950:975 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 4 15 theme reinforced 681:690 arg1 films 696:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 8 16 theme tissue 1504:1509 arg1 engineering 1511:1521 tissue engineering 1504:1521 tissue engineering 1504:1521 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 4 17 theme X-ray 823:827 arg1 diffraction 829:839 X-ray diffraction 823:839 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 823:854 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 17 theme X-ray 823:827 arg1 XRD 842:844 XRD 842:844 XRD 842:844 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 6 18 theme in 1088:1089 arg1 biocompatibility 1097:1112 in vitro biocompatibility 1088:1112 in vitro biocompatibility 1088:1112 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 4 19 theme force 765:769 arg1 AFM 783:785 AFM 783:785 AFM 783:785 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 19 theme force 765:769 arg1 microscopy 771:780 atomic force microscopy 758:780 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 758:786 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 6 20 theme improved 1255:1262 arg1 activity 1278:1285 improved proliferative activity 1255:1285 improved proliferative activity 1255:1285 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 1 21 with films 275:279 arg1 properties 296:305 desirable properties 286:305 desirable properties 286:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 4 22 theme atomic 758:763 arg1 AFM 783:785 AFM 783:785 AFM 783:785 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 22 theme atomic 758:763 arg1 microscopy 771:780 atomic force microscopy 758:780 atomic force microscopy (AFM) 758:786 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 2 23 theme regenerative 473:484 arg1 medicine 486:493 regenerative medicine 473:493 regenerative medicine 473:493 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 6 24 theme pristine 1309:1316 arg1 films 1322:1326 the pristine PVA films 1305:1326 the pristine PVA films 1305:1326 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 4 25 theme grafted 662:668 arg1 films 696:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 6 26 theme proliferative 1264:1276 arg1 activity 1278:1285 improved proliferative activity 1255:1285 improved proliferative activity 1255:1285 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 4 27 theme diffraction 829:839 arg1 analysis 847:854 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 823:854 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 823:854 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 27 theme diffraction 829:839 arg1 studies 725:731 FTIR studies 720:731 FTIR studies 720:731 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 8 28 theme films 1483:1487 arg1 efficiency 1449:1458 efficiency 1449:1458 efficiency 1449:1458 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 8 28 theme films 1483:1487 arg1 feasibility 1464:1474 feasibility 1464:1474 feasibility 1464:1474 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 4 29 theme FTIR 720:723 arg1 analysis 847:854 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 823:854 X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis 823:854 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 29 theme FTIR 720:723 arg1 studies 725:731 FTIR studies 720:731 FTIR studies 720:731 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 29 theme FTIR 720:723 arg1 analysis 746:753 microscopic analysis 734:753 microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 734:820 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 1 30 theme novel 193:197 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 0 31 theme morphological 13:25 arg1 properties 45:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties 9:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan 9:66 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 1 32 theme composite 265:273 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 0 33 theme engineering 119:129 arg1 applications 131:142 tissue engineering applications 112:142 tissue engineering applications 112:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 4 34 theme microscopic 734:744 arg1 studies 725:731 FTIR studies 720:731 FTIR studies 720:731 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 34 theme microscopic 734:744 arg1 analysis 746:753 microscopic analysis 734:753 microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 734:820 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 5 35 theme fibre 1014:1018 arg1 concentration 993:1005 concentration 993:1005 concentration of the fibre 993:1018 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 1 36 theme chitosan 199:206 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 5 37 theme composite 921:929 arg1 films 931:935 The composite films 917:935 The composite films 917:935 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 1 38 theme films 275:279 arg1 preparation 178:188 the preparation 174:188 the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 174:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 0 39 theme tissue 112:117 arg1 applications 131:142 tissue engineering applications 112:142 tissue engineering applications 112:142 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 3 40 theme succinic 560:567 arg1 anhydride 569:577 succinic anhydride 560:577 succinic anhydride 560:577 Chitosan was successfully grafted over silk, via acylation with succinic anhydride and thereby the fibres were incised and used for the preparation of the films. 29733927 8 41 theme haemocompatibility 1549:1566 arg1 studies 1568:1574 haemocompatibility studies 1549:1574 haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes 1549:1599 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 1 42 theme grafted 208:214 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 0 43 theme biocompatible 31:43 arg1 properties 45:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties 9:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan 9:66 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 4 44 theme optical 792:798 arg1 microscopy 800:809 optical microscopy 792:809 optical microscopy 792:809 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 2 45 theme biomedical 368:377 arg1 applications 379:390 various biomedical applications 360:390 various biomedical applications 360:390 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 1 46 theme silk 216:219 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 4 47 theme fibre 675:679 arg1 films 696:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 1 48 theme desirable 286:294 arg1 properties 296:305 desirable properties 286:305 desirable properties 286:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 1 49 theme fibre 221:225 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 8 50 dep efficiency 1449:1458 arg1 used 1495:1498 used 1495:1498 to be used for tissue engineering 1489:1521 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 8 50 dep efficiency 1449:1458 arg1 The 1445:1447 The 1445:1447 The 1445:1447 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 6 51 theme PVA 1318:1320 arg1 films 1322:1326 the pristine PVA films 1305:1326 the pristine PVA films 1305:1326 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 3 52 with acylation 545:553 arg1 anhydride 569:577 succinic anhydride 560:577 succinic anhydride 560:577 Chitosan was successfully grafted over silk, via acylation with succinic anhydride and thereby the fibres were incised and used for the preparation of the films. 29733927 6 53 theme fibroblasts 1181:1191 arg1 proliferation 1158:1170 proliferation 1158:1170 proliferation 1158:1170 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 6 53 theme fibroblasts 1181:1191 arg1 adhesion 1145:1152 adhesion 1145:1152 adhesion 1145:1152 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 4 54 theme biocompatibility 891:906 arg1 studies 908:914 in vitro biocompatibility studies 882:914 in vitro biocompatibility studies 882:914 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 4 55 theme microscopy 800:809 arg1 techniques 811:820 atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 758:820 atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 758:820 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 8 56 theme human 1582:1586 arg1 erythrocytes 1588:1599 human erythrocytes 1582:1599 human erythrocytes 1582:1599 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 4 57 theme in 882:883 arg1 studies 908:914 in vitro biocompatibility studies 882:914 in vitro biocompatibility studies 882:914 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 5 58 from dispersion 1028:1037 arg1 matrix 1054:1059 the polymer matrix 1042:1059 the polymer matrix 1042:1059 The composite films demonstrated improved surface roughness with increasing concentration of the fibre and its dispersion in the polymer matrix was observed. 29733927 6 59 theme cells 1214:1218 arg1 proliferation 1158:1170 proliferation 1158:1170 proliferation 1158:1170 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 6 59 theme cells 1214:1218 arg1 adhesion 1145:1152 adhesion 1145:1152 adhesion 1145:1152 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 4 60 theme silk 670:673 arg1 films 696:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films 658:700 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 6 61 theme cellular 1118:1125 arg1 behaviour 1127:1135 cellular behaviour 1118:1135 cellular behaviour 1118:1135 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 7 62 theme MTT 1394:1396 arg1 assay 1398:1402 MTT assay 1394:1402 MTT assay 1394:1402 These results were further supported by the results confirmed by MTT assay demonstrating the films to be non-toxic. 29733927 1 63 theme reinforced 227:236 arg1 Poly 238:241 reinforced Poly 227:241 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 1 63 theme reinforced 227:236 arg1 alcohol 250:256 vinyl alcohol 244:256 vinyl alcohol 244:256 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 1 63 theme reinforced 227:236 arg1 PVA 260:262 PVA 260:262 PVA 260:262 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 3 64 theme films 651:655 arg1 preparation 632:642 the preparation 628:642 the preparation of the films 628:655 Chitosan was successfully grafted over silk, via acylation with succinic anhydride and thereby the fibres were incised and used for the preparation of the films. 29733927 4 65 theme microscopy 771:780 arg1 techniques 811:820 atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 758:820 atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques 758:820 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 2 66 theme silk 317:320 arg1 fibroin 322:328 silk fibroin 317:328 silk fibroin 317:328 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 8 67 theme biomedical 1655:1664 arg1 applications 1666:1677 biomedical applications 1655:1677 biomedical applications 1655:1677 The efficiency and feasibility of the films to be used for tissue engineering, was further evaluated by haemocompatibility studies using human erythrocytes, thus making them a potential material to be used for biomedical applications. 29733927 1 68 theme Poly 238:241 arg1 films 275:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films 193:279 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 4 69 dep in 882:883 arg1 vitro 885:889 vitro 885:889 vitro 885:889 The grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films were subjected to FTIR studies, microscopic analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and further evaluated for in vitro biocompatibility studies. 29733927 2 70 theme various 360:366 arg1 applications 379:390 various biomedical applications 360:390 various biomedical applications 360:390 Although silk fibroin has been extensively used for various biomedical applications, its properties could be further re-tailored for its suitability in the field of regenerative medicine. 29733927 6 71 theme mouse 1175:1179 arg1 fibroblasts 1181:1191 mouse fibroblasts 1175:1191 mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells 1175:1218 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 6 72 dep in 1088:1089 arg1 vitro 1091:1095 vitro 1091:1095 vitro 1091:1095 Furthermore, in vitro biocompatibility and cellular behaviour such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts as well as astrocyte cells was studied and the results showed improved proliferative activity, when compared to the pristine PVA films. 29733927 0 73 theme chitosan 59:66 arg1 properties 45:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties 9:54 the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan 9:66 Study on the morphological and biocompatible properties of chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced PVA films for tissue engineering applications. 29733927 1 74 theme current 149:155 arg1 study 157:161 The current study 145:161 The current study 145:161 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 1 75 theme vinyl 244:248 arg1 Poly 238:241 reinforced Poly 227:241 novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties 193:305 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 29733927 1 75 theme vinyl 244:248 arg1 alcohol 250:256 vinyl alcohol 244:256 vinyl alcohol 244:256 The current study delineates the preparation of novel chitosan grafted silk fibre reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite films with desirable properties. 30343924 2 0 dep × 526:526 arg1 square 536:541 Latin square 530:541 a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 511:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 17 1 theme LPS 2250:2252 arg1 dosing 2254:2259 LPS dosing 2250:2259 LPS dosing 2250:2259 Our results suggest that LPS dosing does not affect pH alone. 30343924 6 2 theme matter 903:908 arg1 % 894:894 40% 892:894 40% of dry matter of the CON diet 892:924 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 6 2 theme matter 903:908 arg1 matter 903:908 dry matter 899:908 dry matter of the CON diet 899:924 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 19 3 theme future 2390:2395 arg1 studies 2397:2403 future studies 2390:2403 future studies 2390:2403 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 4 theme sampling 392:399 arg1 time 401:404 the best sampling time 383:404 the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system 383:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 2 5 with × 526:526 arg1 periods 572:578 three 11-d experimental periods 548:578 three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 548:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 1 6 theme bacterial 254:262 arg1 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 6 theme bacterial 254:262 arg1 composition 274:284 bacterial community composition 254:284 bacterial community composition (BCC) 254:290 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 2 7 theme Latin 530:534 arg1 square 536:541 Latin square 530:541 a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 511:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 7 8 theme endotoxin 1013:1021 arg1 concentration 979:991 The LPS concentration 971:991 The LPS concentration in LPSD 971:999 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 7 8 theme endotoxin 1013:1021 arg1 units 1023:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 6 9 theme % 954:954 arg1 barley 963:968 50% ground barley 952:968 50% ground barley 952:968 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 12 10 theme WBD 1744:1746 arg1 h 1750:1750 WBD 6 h 1744:1750 WBD 6 h after LPS dosing 1744:1767 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 12 11 theme concentrations 1608:1621 arg1 pool 1596:1599 pool 1596:1599 pool of VFA concentrations and profiles 1596:1634 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 2 12 theme 11-d 554:557 arg1 periods 572:578 three 11-d experimental periods 548:578 three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 548:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 12 13 theme profiles 1627:1634 arg1 pool 1596:1599 pool 1596:1599 pool of VFA concentrations and profiles 1596:1634 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 16 14 theme Ruminobacter 2144:2155 arg1 abundance 2066:2074 the relative abundance 2053:2074 the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2053:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 6 15 theme ground 935:940 arg1 wheat 942:946 50% ground wheat 931:946 50% ground wheat 931:946 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 11 16 theme detergent 1450:1458 arg1 fiber 1460:1464 neutral detergent fiber 1442:1464 neutral detergent fiber 1442:1464 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 6 17 theme dry 899:901 arg1 matter 903:908 dry matter 899:908 dry matter of the CON diet 899:924 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 9 18 theme rRNA 1195:1198 arg1 gene 1200:1203 the 16S rRNA gene 1187:1203 the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1187:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 16 19 theme main 2168:2171 arg1 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 19 theme main 2168:2171 arg1 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 19 theme main 2168:2171 arg1 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 19 theme main 2168:2171 arg1 bacteria 2187:2194 main gram-negative bacteria 2168:2194 main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2168:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 19 theme main 2168:2171 arg1 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 7 20 from concentration 979:991 arg1 LPSD 996:999 LPSD 996:999 LPSD 996:999 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 19 21 theme LPS 2450:2452 arg1 dosing 2454:2459 LPS dosing 2450:2459 LPS dosing 2450:2459 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 11 22 theme protein 1476:1482 arg1 Digestibility 1425:1437 Digestibility 1425:1437 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD 1425:1490 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 9 23 theme Illumina 1215:1222 arg1 platform 1230:1237 the Illumina MiSeq platform 1211:1237 the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1211:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 2 24 theme replicated 513:522 arg1 × 526:526 3 × 3 524:528 a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 511:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 14 25 from CON 1959:1961 arg1 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 25 from CON 1959:1961 arg1 BCC 1892:1894 the BCC 1888:1894 the BCC of LPSD 1888:1902 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 25 from CON 1959:1961 arg1 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 26 theme LPSD 1899:1902 arg1 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 26 theme LPSD 1899:1902 arg1 BCC 1892:1894 the BCC 1888:1894 the BCC of LPSD 1888:1902 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 26 theme LPSD 1899:1902 arg1 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 1 27 from effects 181:187 arg1 fermentation 237:248 bacterial fermentation 227:248 bacterial fermentation 227:248 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 27 from effects 181:187 arg1 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 27 from effects 181:187 arg1 composition 274:284 bacterial community composition 254:284 bacterial community composition (BCC) 254:290 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 10 28 theme kept 1358:1361 arg1 pH 1363:1364 the WBD kept pH 1350:1364 the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 1350:1384 The LPSD and CON maintained pH above 6 for the entire experimental period, and the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 for 4 h/d, successfully inducing SARA. 30343924 12 29 theme VFA 1686:1688 arg1 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 12 29 theme VFA 1686:1688 arg1 changes 1675:1681 the pattern changes 1663:1681 the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD 1663:1704 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 7 30 theme 200,000 1005:1011 arg1 concentration 979:991 The LPS concentration 971:991 The LPS concentration in LPSD 971:999 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 7 30 theme 200,000 1005:1011 arg1 units 1023:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 1 31 theme subacute 305:312 arg1 model 350:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 32 theme study 154:158 arg1 objectives 135:144 The objectives 131:144 The objectives of this study 131:158 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 19 33 theme continuous 2476:2485 arg1 system 2495:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 2 34 theme sample 634:639 arg1 collection 641:650 sample collection 634:650 sample collection 634:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 12 35 theme LPS 1694:1696 arg1 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 12 35 theme LPS 1694:1696 arg1 changes 1675:1681 the pattern changes 1663:1681 the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD 1663:1704 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 1 36 theme acidosis 322:329 arg1 model 350:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 12 37 theme Lipopolysaccharide 1553:1570 arg1 dosing 1572:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing 1553:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing 1553:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 4 38 theme dry 792:794 arg1 matter/d 796:803 dry matter/d 792:803 dry matter/d 792:803 Fermenters were fed 72 g of dry matter/d. 30343924 0 39 from Effects 0:6 arg1 fermentation 76:87 fermentation 76:87 fermentation 76:87 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 0 39 from Effects 0:6 arg1 composition 60:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 14 40 theme solid 1872:1876 arg1 fraction 1878:1885 the solid fraction 1868:1885 the solid fraction 1868:1885 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 0 41 theme dual-flow 94:102 arg1 system 123:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 42 theme SARA 332:335 arg1 model 350:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 5 43 theme forage 810:815 arg1 ratio 829:833 The forage:concentrate ratio 806:833 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON 806:840 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 5 43 theme forage 810:815 arg1 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 0 44 theme culture 115:121 arg1 system 123:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 45 theme nutritional 338:348 arg1 model 350:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 5 46 theme concentrate 817:827 arg1 ratio 829:833 The forage:concentrate ratio 806:833 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON 806:840 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 5 46 theme concentrate 817:827 arg1 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 2 47 theme diet 606:609 arg1 adaptation 611:620 diet adaptation 606:620 diet adaptation 606:620 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 10 48 theme experimental 1325:1336 arg1 period 1338:1343 the entire experimental period 1314:1343 the entire experimental period 1314:1343 The LPSD and CON maintained pH above 6 for the entire experimental period, and the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 for 4 h/d, successfully inducing SARA. 30343924 11 49 from WBD 1516:1518 arg1 different 1501:1509 different 1501:1509 different 1501:1509 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 12 50 contain had 1579:1581 arg1 dosing 1572:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing 1553:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing 1553:1577 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 12 50 contain had 1579:1581 arg2 effect 1586:1591 no effect 1583:1591 no effect 1583:1591 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 0 51 theme lipopolysaccharide 11:28 arg1 dosing 30:35 lipopolysaccharide dosing 11:35 lipopolysaccharide dosing 11:35 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 15 52 from fraction 1978:1985 arg1 different 2000:2008 different 2000:2008 different 2000:2008 In the liquid fraction, the BCC was different among treatments. 30343924 15 52 from fraction 1978:1985 arg1 BCC 1992:1994 the BCC 1988:1994 the BCC 1988:1994 In the liquid fraction, the BCC was different among treatments. 30343924 1 53 theme culture 447:453 arg1 system 455:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 0 54 theme community 50:58 arg1 composition 60:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 16 55 theme Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 arg1 abundance 2066:2074 the relative abundance 2053:2074 the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2053:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 12 56 theme LPS 1758:1760 arg1 dosing 1762:1767 LPS dosing 1758:1767 LPS dosing 1758:1767 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 18 57 theme SARA 2331:2334 arg1 development 2316:2326 the development 2312:2326 the development of SARA 2312:2334 However, LPS could drive the development of SARA by affecting bacteria and bacterial fermentation. 30343924 1 58 theme dosing 217:222 arg1 effects 181:187 the effects 177:187 the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC) 177:290 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 6 59 theme CON 917:919 arg1 diet 921:924 the CON diet 913:924 the CON diet 913:924 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 1 60 theme bacterial 227:235 arg1 fermentation 237:248 bacterial fermentation 227:248 bacterial fermentation 227:248 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 12 61 from changes 1675:1681 arg1 LPSD 1701:1704 LPSD 1701:1704 LPSD 1701:1704 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 0 62 dep Effects 0:6 arg1 system 123:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 2 63 from fermentors 497:506 arg1 × 526:526 3 × 3 524:528 a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 511:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 12 64 theme pattern 1667:1673 arg1 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 similar 1733:1739 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 12 64 theme pattern 1667:1673 arg1 changes 1675:1681 the pattern changes 1663:1681 the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD 1663:1704 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 1 65 from time 401:404 arg1 system 455:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 66 theme community 264:272 arg1 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 BCC 287:289 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 66 theme community 264:272 arg1 composition 274:284 bacterial community composition 254:284 bacterial community composition (BCC) 254:290 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 19 67 dep h 2442:2442 arg1 dosing 2454:2459 LPS dosing 2450:2459 LPS dosing 2450:2459 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 6 68 theme ground 956:961 arg1 barley 963:968 50% ground barley 952:968 50% ground barley 952:968 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 16 69 theme starch 2207:2212 arg1 digestion 2214:2222 starch digestion 2207:2222 starch digestion 2207:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 1 70 theme LPS 410:412 arg1 dosing 414:419 LPS dosing 410:419 LPS dosing 410:419 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 9 71 theme V4 1174:1175 arg1 region 1177:1182 the V4 region 1170:1182 the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1170:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 12 72 theme bacterial 1650:1658 arg1 N 1660:1660 bacterial N 1650:1660 bacterial N 1650:1660 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 2 73 theme experimental 559:570 arg1 periods 572:578 three 11-d experimental periods 548:578 three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection 548:650 Diets were randomly assigned to 6 fermentors in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with three 11-d experimental periods that consisted of 7 d for diet adaptation and 4 d for sample collection. 30343924 6 74 theme 50 952:953 arg1 % 954:954 % 954:954 % 954:954 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 12 75 theme VFA 1604:1606 arg1 concentrations 1608:1621 VFA concentrations 1604:1621 VFA concentrations 1604:1621 Lipopolysaccharide dosing had no effect on pool of VFA concentrations and profiles but decreased bacterial N; the pattern changes of VFA and LPS in LPSD started to increase and be similar to WBD 6 h after LPS dosing. 30343924 14 76 from different 1908:1916 arg1 fraction 1878:1885 the solid fraction 1868:1885 the solid fraction 1868:1885 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 15 77 from different 2000:2008 arg1 fraction 1978:1985 the liquid fraction 1967:1985 the liquid fraction 1967:1985 In the liquid fraction, the BCC was different among treatments. 30343924 11 78 theme crude 1470:1474 arg1 protein 1476:1482 crude protein 1470:1482 crude protein 1470:1482 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 1 79 theme dual-flow 426:434 arg1 system 455:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 1 80 theme lipopolysaccharide 192:209 arg1 dosing 217:222 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing 192:222 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing 192:222 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 11 81 from Digestibility 1425:1437 arg1 LPSD 1487:1490 LPSD 1487:1490 LPSD 1487:1490 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 6 82 theme % 933:933 arg1 wheat 942:946 50% ground wheat 931:946 50% ground wheat 931:946 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 11 83 theme fiber 1460:1464 arg1 Digestibility 1425:1437 Digestibility 1425:1437 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD 1425:1490 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 7 84 with cows 1068:1071 arg1 SARA 1078:1081 SARA 1078:1081 SARA 1078:1081 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 9 85 theme gene 1200:1203 arg1 region 1177:1182 the V4 region 1170:1182 the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1170:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 16 86 theme gram-negative 2173:2185 arg1 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 86 theme gram-negative 2173:2185 arg1 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 86 theme gram-negative 2173:2185 arg1 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 86 theme gram-negative 2173:2185 arg1 bacteria 2187:2194 main gram-negative bacteria 2168:2194 main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2168:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 86 theme gram-negative 2173:2185 arg1 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 7 87 theme LPS 975:977 arg1 concentration 979:991 The LPS concentration 971:991 The LPS concentration in LPSD 971:999 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 7 87 theme LPS 975:977 arg1 units 1023:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 200,000 endotoxin units 1005:1027 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 7 88 located observed 1056:1063 arg1 cows 1068:1071 cows 1068:1071 cows with SARA 1068:1081 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 7 88 located observed 1056:1063 arg2 that 1051:1054 that 1051:1054 that 1051:1054 The LPS concentration in LPSD was 200,000 endotoxin units, which was similar to that observed in cows with SARA. 30343924 16 89 theme related 2196:2202 arg1 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 89 theme related 2196:2202 arg1 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 Ruminobacter 2144:2155 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 89 theme related 2196:2202 arg1 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 Succinivibrio 2107:2119 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 89 theme related 2196:2202 arg1 bacteria 2187:2194 main gram-negative bacteria 2168:2194 main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2168:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 16 89 theme related 2196:2202 arg1 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 Anaeroplasma 2093:2104 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 9 90 theme MiSeq 1224:1228 arg1 platform 1230:1237 the Illumina MiSeq platform 1211:1237 the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1211:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 3 91 theme control 737:743 arg1 LPSD 757:760 LPSD 757:760 LPSD 757:760 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 3 91 theme control 737:743 arg1 diet 745:748 control diet 737:748 control diet 737:748 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 6 92 theme WBD 857:859 arg1 diet 861:864 The WBD diet 853:864 The WBD diet 853:864 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 1 93 theme best 387:390 arg1 time 401:404 the best sampling time 383:404 the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system 383:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 9 94 theme 16S 1191:1193 arg1 gene 1200:1203 the 16S rRNA gene 1187:1203 the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA) 1187:1268 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 16 95 theme Succinivibrio 2107:2119 arg1 abundance 2066:2074 the relative abundance 2053:2074 the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2053:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 3 96 theme barley 699:704 arg1 diet 706:709 wheat and barley diet 689:709 wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA 689:730 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 3 96 theme barley 699:704 arg1 WBD 712:714 WBD 712:714 WBD 712:714 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 1 97 theme ruminal 314:320 arg1 model 350:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model 303:354 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 16 98 theme Succiniclasticum 2122:2137 arg1 abundance 2066:2074 the relative abundance 2053:2074 the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2053:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 19 99 theme culture 2487:2493 arg1 system 2495:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 11 100 theme neutral 1442:1448 arg1 fiber 1460:1464 neutral detergent fiber 1442:1464 neutral detergent fiber 1442:1464 Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein in LPSD were not different from WBD but tended to be lower than CON. 30343924 0 101 theme continuous 104:113 arg1 system 123:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 a dual-flow continuous culture system 92:128 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 15 102 theme liquid 1971:1976 arg1 fraction 1978:1985 the liquid fraction 1967:1985 the liquid fraction 1967:1985 In the liquid fraction, the BCC was different among treatments. 30343924 14 103 from WBD 1923:1925 arg1 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 103 from WBD 1923:1925 arg1 BCC 1892:1894 the BCC 1888:1894 the BCC of LPSD 1888:1902 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 103 from WBD 1923:1925 arg1 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 19 104 theme dual-flow 2466:2474 arg1 system 2495:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 a dual-flow continuous culture system 2464:2500 For future studies, samples are suggested to be taken 6 h after LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 9 105 dep platform 1230:1237 arg1 San 1255:1257 San 1255:1257 San 1255:1257 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 9 105 dep platform 1230:1237 arg1 CA 1266:1267 CA 1266:1267 CA 1266:1267 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 9 105 dep platform 1230:1237 arg1 Diego 1259:1263 Diego 1259:1263 Diego 1259:1263 The BCC was determined by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). 30343924 4 106 theme matter/d 796:803 arg1 g 787:787 72 g 784:787 72 g of dry matter/d 784:803 Fermenters were fed 72 g of dry matter/d. 30343924 8 107 theme LPS 1106:1108 arg1 dosing 1110:1115 LPS dosing 1106:1115 LPS dosing 1106:1115 The SARA inducing and LPS dosing started at d 8. 30343924 3 108 theme control 669:675 arg1 diet 677:680 control diet 669:680 control diet (CON) 669:686 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 3 108 theme control 669:675 arg1 CON 683:685 CON 683:685 CON 683:685 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 10 109 theme entire 1318:1323 arg1 period 1338:1343 the entire experimental period 1314:1343 the entire experimental period 1314:1343 The LPSD and CON maintained pH above 6 for the entire experimental period, and the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 for 4 h/d, successfully inducing SARA. 30343924 0 110 theme dosing 30:35 arg1 Effects 0:6 Effects 0:6 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation 0:87 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 10 111 theme WBD 1354:1356 arg1 pH 1363:1364 the WBD kept pH 1350:1364 the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 1350:1384 The LPSD and CON maintained pH above 6 for the entire experimental period, and the WBD kept pH between 5.2 and 5.6 for 4 h/d, successfully inducing SARA. 30343924 0 112 theme bacterial 40:48 arg1 composition 60:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 bacterial community composition 40:70 Effects of lipopolysaccharide dosing on bacterial community composition and fermentation in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 16 113 theme LPS 2032:2034 arg1 dosing 2036:2041 The LPS dosing 2028:2041 The LPS dosing 2028:2041 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 8 114 dep SARA 1088:1091 arg1 inducing 1093:1100 inducing 1093:1100 inducing 1093:1100 The SARA inducing and LPS dosing started at d 8. 30343924 8 114 dep SARA 1088:1091 arg1 dosing 1110:1115 LPS dosing 1106:1115 LPS dosing 1106:1115 The SARA inducing and LPS dosing started at d 8. 30343924 13 115 theme LPS 1778:1780 arg1 concentration 1782:1794 LPS concentration 1778:1794 LPS concentration 1778:1794 Pool of LPS concentration was around 11-fold higher in WBD and 4-fold higher in LPSD than CON. 30343924 1 116 theme continuous 436:445 arg1 system 455:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 a dual-flow continuous culture system 424:460 The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosing on bacterial fermentation and bacterial community composition (BCC), to set up a subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) nutritional model in vitro, and to determine the best sampling time for LPS dosing in a dual-flow continuous culture system. 30343924 6 117 theme 50 931:932 arg1 % 933:933 % 933:933 % 933:933 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 16 118 theme relative 2057:2064 arg1 abundance 2066:2074 the relative abundance 2053:2074 the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion 2053:2222 The LPS dosing increased the relative abundance of Succinimonas, Anaeroplasma, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, and Ruminobacter, which are main gram-negative bacteria related to starch digestion. 30343924 6 119 theme diet 921:924 arg1 matter 903:908 dry matter 899:908 dry matter of the CON diet 899:924 The WBD diet was achieved by replacing 40% of dry matter of the CON diet with 50% ground wheat and 50% ground barley. 30343924 5 120 theme CON 838:840 arg1 ratio 829:833 The forage:concentrate ratio 806:833 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON 806:840 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 5 120 theme CON 838:840 arg1 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 65:35 846:850 The forage:concentrate ratio of CON was 65:35. 30343924 14 121 from fraction 1878:1885 arg1 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 different 1908:1916 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 121 from fraction 1878:1885 arg1 BCC 1892:1894 the BCC 1888:1894 the BCC of LPSD 1888:1902 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 14 121 from fraction 1878:1885 arg1 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 different 1944:1952 In the solid fraction, the BCC of LPSD was different from WBD and tended to be different from CON. 30343924 13 122 theme concentration 1782:1794 arg1 Pool 1770:1773 Pool 1770:1773 Pool of LPS concentration 1770:1794 Pool of LPS concentration was around 11-fold higher in WBD and 4-fold higher in LPSD than CON. 30343924 18 123 theme bacterial 2362:2370 arg1 fermentation 2372:2383 bacterial fermentation 2362:2383 bacterial fermentation 2362:2383 However, LPS could drive the development of SARA by affecting bacteria and bacterial fermentation. 30343924 3 124 theme wheat 689:693 arg1 diet 706:709 wheat and barley diet 689:709 wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA 689:730 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 30343924 3 124 theme wheat 689:693 arg1 WBD 712:714 WBD 712:714 WBD 712:714 Treatments were control diet (CON), wheat and barley diet (WBD) to induce SARA, and control diet + LPS (LPSD). 29371215 17 0 theme myocardial 2655:2664 arg1 inflammation 2666:2677 inflammation 2666:2677 inflammation 2666:2677 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 10 1 theme CS 1690:1691 arg1 accumulation 1693:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 14 2 with treatment 2024:2032 arg1 rhASB 2039:2043 rhASB 2039:2043 rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model 2039:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 11 3 theme CS 1776:1777 arg1 disaccharides 1779:1791 CS disaccharides 1776:1791 CS disaccharides 1776:1791 Relative composition of CS disaccharides remained unchanged. 29371215 4 4 theme rat 641:643 arg1 ventricles 650:659 rat left ventricles 641:659 rat left ventricles 641:659 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 14 5 theme functional 2217:2226 arg1 recovery 2228:2235 functional recovery 2217:2235 functional recovery 2217:2235 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 6 6 theme Expression 920:929 arg1 changes 931:937 Expression changes 920:937 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes 920:960 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 6 7 theme cell 1002:1005 arg1 types 1007:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 2 8 dep mucopolysaccharidosis 259:279 arg1 VI 281:282 VI 281:282 VI 281:282 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 13 9 theme remodeling 1998:2007 arg1 models 1975:1980 the isoprenaline models 1958:1980 the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats 1958:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 13 9 theme remodeling 1998:2007 arg1 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 2 10 theme loss-of-function 285:300 arg1 mutations 302:310 loss-of-function mutations 285:310 loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B 285:329 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 9 11 theme action 1579:1584 arg1 mechanism 1566:1574 a mechanism 1564:1574 a mechanism of action 1564:1584 CS-interacting molecules were assessed with surface plasmon resonance, and a mechanism of action was verified in vitro. 29371215 6 12 theme human 988:992 arg1 types 1007:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 18 13 theme novel 2727:2731 arg1 CS 2707:2708 CS 2707:2708 CS 2707:2708 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 18 13 theme novel 2727:2731 arg1 approach 2745:2752 a novel therapeutic approach 2725:2752 a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure 2725:2787 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 4 14 theme glycosaminoglycan 730:746 arg1 distribution 748:759 glycosaminoglycan distribution 730:759 glycosaminoglycan distribution 730:759 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 7 15 theme human 1215:1219 arg1 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 7 15 theme human 1215:1219 arg1 B 1235:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B 1203:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB) 1203:1243 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 8 16 theme Cardiac 1384:1390 arg1 function 1392:1399 Cardiac function 1384:1399 Cardiac function 1384:1399 Cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation were assessed by echocardiography and histology. 29371215 10 17 theme fibrosis 1742:1749 arg1 regions 1723:1729 regions 1723:1729 regions of intense fibrosis 1723:1749 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 14 18 from treatment 2101:2109 arg1 model 2131:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 1 19 theme therapeutic 200:210 arg1 approaches 212:221 novel therapeutic approaches 194:221 novel therapeutic approaches 194:221 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 14 20 theme aortic 2063:2068 arg1 constriction 2070:2081 the transverse aortic constriction 2048:2081 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 7 21 theme isoprenaline 1180:1191 arg1 infusion 1193:1200 isoprenaline infusion 1180:1200 isoprenaline infusion 1180:1200 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 13 22 from models 1975:1980 arg1 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 7 23 theme remodeling 1124:1133 arg1 models 1101:1106 2 rat models 1095:1106 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion 1095:1200 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 16 24 theme necrosis 2457:2464 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 24 theme necrosis 2457:2464 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 24 theme necrosis 2457:2464 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 17 25 theme CS 2571:2572 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 2574:2591 CS glycosaminoglycans 2571:2591 CS glycosaminoglycans 2571:2591 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 16 26 theme glycosaminoglycan 2407:2423 arg1 chains 2425:2430 CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2404:2430 CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2404:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 1 27 theme leading 133:139 arg1 cause 141:145 a leading cause 131:145 a leading cause of mortality and morbidity 131:172 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 1 27 theme leading 133:139 arg1 failure 120:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 2 28 from mutations 302:310 arg1 B 329:329 arylsulfatase B 315:329 arylsulfatase B 315:329 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 7 29 theme transverse 1146:1155 arg1 constriction 1164:1175 transverse aortic constriction 1146:1175 transverse aortic constriction 1146:1175 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 3 30 theme cardiac 582:588 arg1 remodeling 590:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 7 31 theme rat 1097:1099 arg1 models 1101:1106 2 rat models 1095:1106 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion 1095:1200 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 17 32 theme cardiac 2611:2617 arg1 remodeling 2632:2641 cardiac pathological remodeling 2611:2641 cardiac pathological remodeling 2611:2641 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 5 33 theme Alcian 857:862 arg1 assay 869:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 2 34 theme disease 251:257 arg1 mucopolysaccharidosis 259:279 the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI 237:282 the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI 237:282 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 12 35 theme cardiac 1869:1875 arg1 fibroblasts 1877:1887 cardiac fibroblasts 1869:1887 cardiac fibroblasts 1869:1887 Transforming growth factor-β induced CS upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts. 29371215 16 36 theme tumor 2451:2455 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 36 theme tumor 2451:2455 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 36 theme tumor 2451:2455 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 13 37 theme CS 1890:1891 arg1 accumulation 1893:1904 CS accumulation 1890:1904 CS accumulation 1890:1904 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 15 38 theme overall 2316:2322 arg1 fibrosis 2324:2331 overall fibrosis 2316:2331 overall fibrosis 2316:2331 Functional improvement was accompanied by reduced myocardial inflammation and overall fibrosis. 29371215 10 39 theme RESULTS 1609:1615 arg1 hearts 1631:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 16 40 theme gene 2496:2499 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 40 theme gene 2496:2499 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 40 theme gene 2496:2499 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 6 41 link THP-1-derived 1017:1029 arg1 macrophages 1031:1041 THP-1-derived macrophages 1017:1041 THP-1-derived macrophages 1017:1041 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 13 42 from pressure-overload 1936:1952 arg1 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 16 43 theme inflammatory 2483:2494 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 43 theme inflammatory 2483:2494 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 43 theme inflammatory 2483:2494 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 0 44 theme Targeting 0:8 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 30:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 14 45 theme Early 2018:2022 arg1 treatment 2024:2032 Early treatment 2018:2032 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model 2018:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 1 46 theme Heart 114:118 arg1 cause 141:145 a leading cause 131:145 a leading cause of mortality and morbidity 131:172 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 1 46 theme Heart 114:118 arg1 failure 120:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 6 47 from changes 931:937 arg1 genes 956:960 20 CS-related genes 942:960 20 CS-related genes 942:960 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 15 48 theme Functional 2238:2247 arg1 improvement 2249:2259 Functional improvement 2238:2259 Functional improvement 2238:2259 Functional improvement was accompanied by reduced myocardial inflammation and overall fibrosis. 29371215 0 49 theme Sulfate 22:28 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 30:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 6 50 theme primary 980:986 arg1 types 1007:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 12 51 theme growth 1826:1831 arg1 factor-β 1833:1840 Transforming growth factor-β 1813:1840 Transforming growth factor-β 1813:1840 Transforming growth factor-β induced CS upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts. 29371215 4 52 theme Healthy 610:616 arg1 METHODS 602:608 METHODS 602:608 METHODS Healthy and diseased human 602:635 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 10 53 theme human 1625:1629 arg1 hearts 1631:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 7 54 theme enzyme 1265:1270 arg1 therapy 1284:1290 enzyme replacement therapy 1265:1290 enzyme replacement therapy 1265:1290 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 9 55 theme CS-interacting 1489:1502 arg1 molecules 1504:1512 CS-interacting molecules 1489:1512 CS-interacting molecules 1489:1512 CS-interacting molecules were assessed with surface plasmon resonance, and a mechanism of action was verified in vitro. 29371215 5 56 theme liquid 879:884 arg1 spectrometry 906:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 16 57 theme factor-α-induced 2466:2481 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 57 theme factor-α-induced 2466:2481 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 57 theme factor-α-induced 2466:2481 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 10 58 theme interstitial 1677:1688 arg1 accumulation 1693:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 2 59 theme sulfate 378:384 arg1 glycosaminoglycans 391:408 chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans 366:408 chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans 366:408 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 0 60 theme Cardiac 58:64 arg1 Fibrosis 66:73 Cardiac Fibrosis 58:73 Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling 58:100 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 14 61 with treatment 2101:2109 arg1 rhASB 2039:2043 rhASB 2039:2043 rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model 2039:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 10 62 theme perivascular 1660:1671 arg1 accumulation 1693:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 3 63 theme nonmucopolysaccharidosis 496:519 arg1 hearts 529:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 3 64 theme pathological 569:580 arg1 remodeling 590:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 6 65 theme CS-related 945:954 arg1 genes 956:960 20 CS-related genes 942:960 20 CS-related genes 942:960 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 4 66 theme left 645:648 arg1 ventricles 650:659 rat left ventricles 641:659 rat left ventricles 641:659 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 3 67 theme myocardial 479:488 arg1 CS 490:491 myocardial CS 479:491 myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 479:534 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 3 68 theme generic 553:559 arg1 role 561:564 its generic role 549:564 its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling 549:599 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 14 69 theme isoprenaline 2118:2129 arg1 model 2131:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 9 70 theme plasmon 1541:1547 arg1 resonance 1549:1557 surface plasmon resonance 1533:1557 surface plasmon resonance 1533:1557 CS-interacting molecules were assessed with surface plasmon resonance, and a mechanism of action was verified in vitro. 29371215 3 71 from changes 468:474 arg1 CS 490:491 myocardial CS 479:491 myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 479:534 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 14 72 from treatment 2024:2032 arg1 model 2131:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 the isoprenaline model 2114:2135 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 6 73 theme THP-1-derived 1017:1029 arg1 macrophages 1031:1041 THP-1-derived macrophages 1017:1041 THP-1-derived macrophages 1017:1041 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 4 74 theme diseased 622:629 arg1 METHODS 602:608 METHODS 602:608 METHODS Healthy and diseased human 602:635 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 10 75 theme intense 1734:1740 arg1 fibrosis 1742:1749 intense fibrosis 1734:1749 intense fibrosis 1734:1749 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 2 76 theme arylsulfatase 315:327 arg1 B 329:329 arylsulfatase B 315:329 arylsulfatase B 315:329 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 14 77 from rhASB 2039:2043 arg1 model 2083:2087 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 13 78 theme pathological 1985:1996 arg1 remodeling 1998:2007 pathological remodeling 1985:2007 pathological remodeling in rats 1985:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 7 79 theme arylsulfatase 1221:1233 arg1 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 7 79 theme arylsulfatase 1221:1233 arg1 B 1235:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B 1203:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB) 1203:1243 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 3 80 from role 561:564 arg1 remodeling 590:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 pathological cardiac remodeling 569:599 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 6 81 theme cardiac 994:1000 arg1 types 1007:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 3 primary human cardiac cell types 978:1011 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 16 82 theme direct 2378:2383 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 82 theme direct 2378:2383 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 82 theme direct 2378:2383 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 7 83 theme recombinant 1203:1213 arg1 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 rhASB 1238:1242 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 7 83 theme recombinant 1203:1213 arg1 B 1235:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B 1203:1235 recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB) 1203:1243 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 2 84 theme myocardial 339:348 arg1 accumulation 350:361 myocardial accumulation 339:361 myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms 339:448 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 16 85 theme binding 2385:2391 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 85 theme binding 2385:2391 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 85 theme binding 2385:2391 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 1 86 theme novel 194:198 arg1 approaches 212:221 novel therapeutic approaches 194:221 novel therapeutic approaches 194:221 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 6 87 theme stimulatory 1068:1078 arg1 conditions 1080:1089 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions 1057:1089 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions 1057:1089 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 16 88 theme CS 2404:2405 arg1 chains 2425:2430 CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2404:2430 CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2404:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 13 89 from remodeling 1998:2007 arg1 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 rats 2012:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 2 90 theme monogenic 241:249 arg1 mucopolysaccharidosis 259:279 the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI 237:282 the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI 237:282 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 6 91 theme in 1059:1060 arg1 conditions 1080:1089 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions 1057:1089 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions 1057:1089 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 6 92 dep in 1059:1060 arg1 vitro 1062:1066 vitro 1062:1066 vitro 1062:1066 Expression changes in 20 CS-related genes were studied in 3 primary human cardiac cell types and THP-1-derived macrophages under each of 9 in vitro stimulatory conditions. 29371215 5 93 with changes 844:850 arg1 spectrometry 906:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 5 93 with changes 844:850 arg1 assay 869:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 16 94 theme chains 2425:2430 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 94 theme chains 2425:2430 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 94 theme chains 2425:2430 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 7 95 theme aortic 1157:1162 arg1 constriction 1164:1175 transverse aortic constriction 1146:1175 transverse aortic constriction 1146:1175 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 14 96 theme constriction 2070:2081 arg1 model 2083:2087 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 8 97 theme myocardial 1402:1411 arg1 fibrosis 1413:1420 myocardial fibrosis 1402:1420 myocardial fibrosis 1402:1420 Cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, and inflammation were assessed by echocardiography and histology. 29371215 7 98 theme pathological 1111:1122 arg1 remodeling 1124:1133 pathological remodeling 1111:1133 pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion 1111:1200 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 14 99 theme transverse 2052:2061 arg1 constriction 2070:2081 the transverse aortic constriction 2048:2081 the transverse aortic constriction model 2048:2087 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 17 100 dep CONCLUSIONS 2559:2569 arg1 accumulate 2593:2602 accumulate 2593:2602 accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling 2593:2641 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 17 100 dep CONCLUSIONS 2559:2569 arg1 mediate 2647:2653 mediate 2647:2653 mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis 2647:2690 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 13 101 located observed 1915:1922 arg2 accumulation 1893:1904 CS accumulation 1890:1904 CS accumulation 1890:1904 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 13 101 located observed 1915:1922 arg1 models 1975:1980 the isoprenaline models 1958:1980 the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats 1958:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 13 101 located observed 1915:1922 arg1 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 0 102 theme Pathological 78:89 arg1 Remodeling 91:100 Pathological Remodeling 78:100 Pathological Remodeling 78:100 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 13 103 from rats 2012:2015 arg1 models 1975:1980 the isoprenaline models 1958:1980 the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats 1958:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 13 103 from rats 2012:2015 arg1 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 pressure-overload 1936:1952 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 18 104 theme failure 2781:2787 arg1 treatment 2762:2770 the treatment 2758:2770 the treatment of heart failure 2758:2787 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 18 105 theme therapeutic 2733:2743 arg1 CS 2707:2708 CS 2707:2708 CS 2707:2708 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 18 105 theme therapeutic 2733:2743 arg1 approach 2745:2752 a novel therapeutic approach 2725:2752 a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure 2725:2787 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 1 106 theme mortality 150:158 arg1 cause 141:145 a leading cause 131:145 a leading cause of mortality and morbidity 131:172 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 1 106 theme mortality 150:158 arg1 failure 120:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 13 107 theme isoprenaline 1962:1973 arg1 models 1975:1980 the isoprenaline models 1958:1980 the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats 1958:2015 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 5 108 theme blue 864:867 arg1 assay 869:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Alcian blue assay 857:873 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 1 109 theme morbidity 164:172 arg1 cause 141:145 a leading cause 131:145 a leading cause of mortality and morbidity 131:172 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 1 109 theme morbidity 164:172 arg1 failure 120:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 16 110 theme Tumor 2334:2338 arg1 partner 2393:2399 a direct binding partner 2376:2399 a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains 2376:2430 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 110 theme Tumor 2334:2338 arg1 necrosis 2340:2347 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α 2334:2356 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 16 110 theme Tumor 2334:2338 arg1 activation 2501:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation 2451:2510 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 5 111 theme quantitative 813:824 arg1 changes 844:850 quantitative and compositional changes 813:850 quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 813:917 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 13 112 dep pressure-overload 1936:1952 arg1 the 1932:1934 the 1932:1934 the 1932:1934 CS accumulation was also observed in both the pressure-overload and the isoprenaline models of pathological remodeling in rats. 29371215 0 113 from Fibrosis 66:73 arg1 Remodeling 91:100 Pathological Remodeling 78:100 Pathological Remodeling 78:100 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 7 114 dep mucopolysaccharidosis 1295:1315 arg1 VI 1317:1318 VI 1317:1318 VI 1317:1318 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 5 115 theme compositional 830:842 arg1 changes 844:850 quantitative and compositional changes 813:850 quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 813:917 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 4 116 dep Healthy 610:616 arg1 human 631:635 human 631:635 human 631:635 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 14 117 theme delayed 2093:2099 arg1 treatment 2101:2109 delayed treatment 2093:2109 delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model 2093:2135 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 15 118 theme myocardial 2288:2297 arg1 inflammation 2299:2310 reduced myocardial inflammation 2280:2310 reduced myocardial inflammation 2280:2310 Functional improvement was accompanied by reduced myocardial inflammation and overall fibrosis. 29371215 0 119 theme Chondroitin 10:20 arg1 Glycosaminoglycans 30:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans 0:47 Targeting Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans to Treat Cardiac Fibrosis in Pathological Remodeling. 29371215 1 120 theme BACKGROUND 103:112 arg1 cause 141:145 a leading cause 131:145 a leading cause of mortality and morbidity 131:172 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 1 120 theme BACKGROUND 103:112 arg1 failure 120:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure 103:126 BACKGROUND Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, and the search for novel therapeutic approaches continues. 29371215 12 121 theme CS 1850:1851 arg1 upregulation 1853:1864 CS upregulation 1850:1864 CS upregulation 1850:1864 Transforming growth factor-β induced CS upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts. 29371215 16 122 theme endothelial 2524:2534 arg1 cells 2536:2540 endothelial cells 2524:2540 endothelial cells 2524:2540 Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a direct binding partner of CS glycosaminoglycan chains, and rhASB reduced tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory gene activation in vitro in endothelial cells and macrophages. 29371215 7 123 theme replacement 1272:1282 arg1 therapy 1284:1290 enzyme replacement therapy 1265:1290 enzyme replacement therapy 1265:1290 In 2 rat models of pathological remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction or isoprenaline infusion, recombinant human arylsulfatase B (rhASB), clinically used as enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis VI, was administered intravenously for 7 or 5 weeks, respectively. 29371215 15 124 theme reduced 2280:2286 arg1 inflammation 2299:2310 reduced myocardial inflammation 2280:2310 reduced myocardial inflammation 2280:2310 Functional improvement was accompanied by reduced myocardial inflammation and overall fibrosis. 29371215 2 125 theme glycosaminoglycans 391:408 arg1 accumulation 350:361 myocardial accumulation 339:361 myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms 339:448 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 14 126 theme cardiac 2180:2186 arg1 deterioration 2188:2200 cardiac deterioration 2180:2200 cardiac deterioration 2180:2200 Early treatment with rhASB in the transverse aortic constriction model and delayed treatment in the isoprenaline model proved rhASB to be effective at preventing cardiac deterioration and augmenting functional recovery. 29371215 12 127 theme Transforming 1813:1824 arg1 factor-β 1833:1840 Transforming growth factor-β 1813:1840 Transforming growth factor-β 1813:1840 Transforming growth factor-β induced CS upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts. 29371215 2 128 theme myriad 426:431 arg1 symptoms 441:448 myriad cardiac symptoms 426:448 myriad cardiac symptoms 426:448 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 10 129 theme Failing 1617:1623 arg1 hearts 1631:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts 1609:1636 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 11 130 theme Relative 1752:1759 arg1 composition 1761:1771 Relative composition 1752:1771 Relative composition of CS disaccharides 1752:1791 Relative composition of CS disaccharides remained unchanged. 29371215 2 131 theme cardiac 433:439 arg1 symptoms 441:448 myriad cardiac symptoms 426:448 myriad cardiac symptoms 426:448 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 5 132 theme chromatography-mass 886:904 arg1 spectrometry 906:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry 879:917 Glycosaminoglycans were extracted and analyzed for quantitative and compositional changes with Alcian blue assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 29371215 4 133 dep histological 679:690 arg1 methods 711:717 methods 711:717 methods 711:717 METHODS Healthy and diseased human and rat left ventricles were subjected to histological and immunostaining methods to analyze glycosaminoglycan distribution. 29371215 18 134 theme heart 2775:2779 arg1 failure 2781:2787 heart failure 2775:2787 heart failure 2775:2787 rhASB targets CS effectively as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of heart failure. 29371215 3 135 from CS 490:491 arg1 hearts 529:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 2 136 theme chondroitin 366:376 arg1 CS 387:388 CS 387:388 CS 387:388 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 2 136 theme chondroitin 366:376 arg1 sulfate 378:384 chondroitin sulfate 366:384 chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans 366:408 In the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis VI, loss-of-function mutations in arylsulfatase B lead to myocardial accumulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans, manifesting as myriad cardiac symptoms. 29371215 17 137 theme pathological 2619:2630 arg1 remodeling 2632:2641 cardiac pathological remodeling 2611:2641 cardiac pathological remodeling 2611:2641 CONCLUSIONS CS glycosaminoglycans accumulate during cardiac pathological remodeling and mediate myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. 29371215 10 138 theme significant 1648:1658 arg1 accumulation 1693:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation 1648:1704 RESULTS Failing human hearts displayed significant perivascular and interstitial CS accumulation, particularly in regions of intense fibrosis. 29371215 11 139 theme disaccharides 1779:1791 arg1 composition 1761:1771 Relative composition 1752:1771 Relative composition of CS disaccharides 1752:1791 Relative composition of CS disaccharides remained unchanged. 29371215 3 140 theme failing 521:527 arg1 hearts 529:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts 496:534 Here, we studied changes in myocardial CS in nonmucopolysaccharidosis failing hearts and assessed its generic role in pathological cardiac remodeling. 29371215 9 141 theme surface 1533:1539 arg1 resonance 1549:1557 surface plasmon resonance 1533:1557 surface plasmon resonance 1533:1557 CS-interacting molecules were assessed with surface plasmon resonance, and a mechanism of action was verified in vitro. 29407152 0 0 theme supramolecular 111:124 arg1 polymerization 126:139 supramolecular polymerization 111:139 supramolecular polymerization 111:139 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 2 1 theme AIE 675:677 arg1 Ph-Ad 684:688 Ph-Ad 684:688 Ph-Ad 684:688 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 1 theme AIE 675:677 arg1 dye 679:681 AIE dye 675:681 AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 675:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 1 2 theme novel 206:210 arg1 polymerization 186:199 Supramolecular polymerization 171:199 Supramolecular polymerization 171:199 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 1 2 theme novel 206:210 arg1 method 212:217 a novel method 204:217 a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components 204:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 1 3 theme non-covalent 305:316 arg1 interactions 318:329 the non-covalent interactions 301:329 the non-covalent interactions between different components 301:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 6 4 theme great 1222:1226 arg1 potential 1228:1236 great potential 1222:1236 great potential for different biomedical applications 1222:1274 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 5 5 theme cell 1072:1075 arg1 performance 1084:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 5 6 theme low 1041:1043 arg1 cytotoxicity 1045:1056 low cytotoxicity 1041:1056 low cytotoxicity 1041:1056 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 5 7 theme dyeing 1077:1082 arg1 performance 1084:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 4 8 theme characterization 786:801 arg1 results 803:809 The characterization results 782:809 The characterization results 782:809 The characterization results suggested we have successfully prepared the AIE-active FONs through the supramolecular polymerization. 29407152 1 9 theme different 339:347 arg1 components 349:358 different components 339:358 different components 339:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 0 10 theme biological 151:160 arg1 imaging 162:168 their biological imaging 145:168 their biological imaging 145:168 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 2 11 with nanoparticles 466:478 arg1 characteristic 527:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic 492:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 492:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 4 12 theme AIE-active 855:864 arg1 FONs 866:869 the AIE-active FONs 851:869 the AIE-active FONs 851:869 The characterization results suggested we have successfully prepared the AIE-active FONs through the supramolecular polymerization. 29407152 2 13 theme organic 458:464 arg1 FONs 481:484 FONs 481:484 FONs 481:484 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 13 theme organic 458:464 arg1 nanoparticles 466:478 fluorescent organic nanoparticles 446:478 fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 446:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 6 14 theme biomedical 1252:1261 arg1 applications 1263:1274 different biomedical applications 1242:1274 different biomedical applications 1242:1274 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 0 15 theme Facile 0:5 arg1 construction 7:18 Facile construction 0:18 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 0:169 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 2 16 theme fluorescent 446:456 arg1 FONs 481:484 FONs 481:484 FONs 481:484 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 16 theme fluorescent 446:456 arg1 nanoparticles 466:478 fluorescent organic nanoparticles 446:478 fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 446:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 17 theme novel 377:381 arg1 strategy 394:401 a novel and facile strategy 375:401 a novel and facile strategy 375:401 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 6 18 theme promising 1188:1196 arg1 probes 1210:1215 promising luminescent probes 1188:1215 promising luminescent probes 1188:1215 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 2 19 theme emission 512:519 arg1 characteristic 527:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic 492:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 492:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 5 20 contain possess 938:944 arg1 FONs 933:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs 914:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs 914:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 5 20 contain possess 938:944 arg2 advantages 951:960 many advantages 946:960 many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance 946:1094 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 6 21 theme above 1108:1112 arg1 results 1114:1120 the above results 1104:1120 the above results 1104:1120 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 0 22 theme luminescent 23:33 arg1 assemblies 50:59 luminescent supramolecular assemblies 23:59 luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature 23:101 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 5 23 theme many 946:949 arg1 advantages 951:960 many advantages 946:960 many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance 946:1094 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 6 24 theme supramolecular 1152:1165 arg1 assemblies 1167:1176 these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies 1135:1176 these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies 1135:1176 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 6 25 theme luminescent 1198:1208 arg1 probes 1210:1215 promising luminescent probes 1188:1215 promising luminescent probes 1188:1215 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 1 26 theme multifunctional 242:256 arg1 composites 268:277 multifunctional polymeric composites 242:277 multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components 242:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 5 27 theme Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG 918:931 arg1 FONs 933:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs 914:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs 914:936 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 5 28 theme efficient 1062:1070 arg1 performance 1084:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 efficient cell dyeing performance 1062:1094 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 1 29 theme polymeric 258:266 arg1 composites 268:277 multifunctional polymeric composites 242:277 multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components 242:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 0 30 theme assemblies 50:59 arg1 construction 7:18 Facile construction 0:18 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 0:169 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 3 31 theme host-guest 704:713 arg1 interaction 715:725 the host-guest interaction 700:725 the host-guest interaction 700:725 Through the host-guest interaction, the fluorescent amphiphiles can be facilely obtained. 29407152 1 32 theme composites 268:277 arg1 fabrication 227:237 the fabrication 223:237 the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components 223:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 0 33 theme supramolecular 35:48 arg1 assemblies 50:59 luminescent supramolecular assemblies 23:59 luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature 23:101 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 2 34 theme polyethylene 613:624 arg1 β-CD-PEG 634:641 β-CD-PEG 634:641 β-CD-PEG 634:641 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 34 theme polyethylene 613:624 arg1 glycol 626:631 polyethylene glycol 613:631 polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) 613:642 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 6 35 with probes 1210:1215 arg1 potential 1228:1236 great potential 1222:1236 great potential for different biomedical applications 1222:1274 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 2 36 theme aggregation-induced 492:510 arg1 characteristic 527:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic 492:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 492:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 37 theme nanoparticles 466:478 arg1 construction 430:441 the construction 426:441 the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 426:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 0 38 theme aggregation-induced 66:84 arg1 feature 95:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 2 39 theme host-guest 555:564 arg1 interaction 566:576 the host-guest interaction 551:576 the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 551:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 5 40 theme desirable 1006:1014 arg1 properties 1029:1038 desirable fluorescence properties 1006:1038 desirable fluorescence properties 1006:1038 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 2 41 theme AIE 522:524 arg1 characteristic 527:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic 492:540 aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 492:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 5 42 theme fluorescence 1016:1027 arg1 properties 1029:1038 desirable fluorescence properties 1006:1038 desirable fluorescence properties 1006:1038 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 3 43 theme fluorescent 732:742 arg1 amphiphiles 744:754 the fluorescent amphiphiles 728:754 the fluorescent amphiphiles 728:754 Through the host-guest interaction, the fluorescent amphiphiles can be facilely obtained. 29407152 1 44 theme Supramolecular 171:184 arg1 polymerization 186:199 Supramolecular polymerization 171:199 Supramolecular polymerization 171:199 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 1 44 theme Supramolecular 171:184 arg1 method 212:217 a novel method 204:217 a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components 204:358 Supramolecular polymerization is a novel method for the fabrication of multifunctional polymeric composites that mainly relied on the non-covalent interactions between different components. 29407152 6 45 theme different 1242:1250 arg1 applications 1263:1274 different biomedical applications 1242:1274 different biomedical applications 1242:1274 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 2 46 contain containing 664:673 arg1 Ad 660:661 Ad 660:661 Ad 660:661 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 46 contain containing 664:673 arg2 Ph-Ad 684:688 Ph-Ad 684:688 Ph-Ad 684:688 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 46 contain containing 664:673 arg1 adamantine 648:657 adamantine 648:657 adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 648:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 46 contain containing 664:673 arg2 dye 679:681 AIE dye 675:681 AIE dye (Ph-Ad) 675:689 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 47 theme facile 387:392 arg1 strategy 394:401 a novel and facile strategy 375:401 a novel and facile strategy 375:401 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 2 48 theme β 586:586 arg1 cyclodextrin 588:599 β cyclodextrin 586:599 β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) 586:642 In this work, a novel and facile strategy has been developed for the construction of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic based on the host-guest interaction between β cyclodextrin terminating polyethylene glycol (β-CD-PEG) and adamantine (Ad) containing AIE dye (Ph-Ad). 29407152 6 49 theme AIE-active 1141:1150 arg1 assemblies 1167:1176 these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies 1135:1176 these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies 1135:1176 All of the above results implied that these AIE-active supramolecular assemblies should be promising luminescent probes with great potential for different biomedical applications. 29407152 4 50 theme supramolecular 883:896 arg1 polymerization 898:911 the supramolecular polymerization 879:911 the supramolecular polymerization 879:911 The characterization results suggested we have successfully prepared the AIE-active FONs through the supramolecular polymerization. 29407152 5 51 theme high 979:982 arg1 dispersibility 990:1003 high water dispersibility 979:1003 high water dispersibility 979:1003 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 5 52 theme small 967:971 arg1 size 973:976 small size 967:976 small size 967:976 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 29407152 0 53 theme emission 86:93 arg1 feature 95:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 0 54 with assemblies 50:59 arg1 feature 95:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 aggregation-induced emission feature 66:101 Facile construction of luminescent supramolecular assemblies with aggregation-induced emission feature through supramolecular polymerization and their biological imaging. 29407152 5 55 theme water 984:988 arg1 dispersibility 990:1003 high water dispersibility 979:1003 high water dispersibility 979:1003 The Ph-Ad/β-CD-PEG FONs possess many advantages such small size, high water dispersibility, desirable fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and efficient cell dyeing performance. 30165875 6 0 theme vectorial 888:896 arg1 release 904:910 a vectorial virus release 886:910 a vectorial virus release 886:910 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 18 1 theme sulfate 2313:2319 arg1 interaction 2281:2291 blocking interaction 2272:2291 blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus 2272:2330 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 14 2 theme polarized 1739:1747 arg1 distribution 1749:1760 polarized distribution 1739:1760 polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor 1739:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 15 3 theme heparin 1851:1857 arg1 lyase 1859:1863 heparin lyase 1851:1863 heparin lyase 1851:1863 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 6 4 theme viral 785:789 arg1 receptor 791:798 a viral receptor 783:798 a viral receptor 783:798 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 16 5 dep CONCLUSIONS 2039:2049 arg1 show 2063:2066 show 2063:2066 show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection 2063:2112 CONCLUSIONS Our results show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection. 30165875 6 6 theme polarized 856:864 arg1 sorting 866:872 polarized sorting 856:872 polarized sorting 856:872 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 11 7 theme Statistical 1329:1339 arg1 significance 1341:1352 Statistical significance 1329:1352 Statistical significance 1329:1352 Statistical significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA and significance was set at p < 0.05. 30165875 17 8 theme basolateral 2171:2181 arg1 route 2183:2187 the basolateral route 2167:2187 the basolateral route 2167:2187 EBOV preferentially infects polarized cells through the basolateral route. 30165875 6 9 theme Differential 754:765 arg1 localization 767:778 Differential localization 754:778 Differential localization of a viral receptor 754:798 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 2 10 theme tissue 272:277 arg1 tropism 279:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 1 11 theme virus 182:186 arg1 EVD 197:199 EVD 197:199 EVD 197:199 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 1 11 theme virus 182:186 arg1 disease 188:194 Ebola virus disease 176:194 Ebola virus disease (EVD) 176:200 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 12 12 from route 1513:1517 arg1 cells 1486:1490 cells 1486:1490 cells from the basolateral route 1486:1517 RESULTS Our data indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route, and this preference may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer. 30165875 18 13 theme important 2222:2230 arg1 factor 2232:2237 an important factor 2219:2237 an important factor 2219:2237 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 18 13 theme important 2222:2230 arg1 Access 2190:2195 Access 2190:2195 Access to heparan sulfate 2190:2214 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 12 14 dep RESULTS 1427:1433 arg1 influenced 1547:1556 influenced 1547:1556 may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer 1540:1602 RESULTS Our data indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route, and this preference may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer. 30165875 12 14 dep RESULTS 1427:1433 arg1 indicate 1444:1451 indicate 1444:1451 indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route 1444:1517 RESULTS Our data indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route, and this preference may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer. 30165875 18 15 from inhibition 2353:2362 arg1 model 2418:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 8 16 from Characteristics 999:1013 arg1 cells 1046:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 18 17 theme cell 2413:2416 arg1 model 2418:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 2 18 theme epithelial 331:340 arg1 cells 342:346 epithelial cells 331:346 epithelial cells 331:346 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 15 19 theme cellular 1906:1913 arg1 sulfate 1923:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 5 20 theme sorting 682:688 arg1 functions 690:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 8 21 from cells 1046:1050 arg1 Characteristics 999:1013 METHODS Characteristics 991:1013 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells 991:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 18 22 theme polarized 2396:2404 arg1 model 2418:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 14 23 theme basolateral 1692:1702 arg1 bias 1714:1717 basolateral infection bias 1692:1717 basolateral infection bias 1692:1717 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 7 24 theme EBOV 975:978 arg1 infection 980:988 EBOV infection 975:988 EBOV infection 975:988 The present study investigated the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection. 30165875 12 25 theme Caco-2 1587:1592 arg1 monolayer 1594:1602 the Caco-2 monolayer 1583:1602 the Caco-2 monolayer 1583:1602 RESULTS Our data indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route, and this preference may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer. 30165875 16 26 dep show 2063:2066 arg1 has 2082:2084 has 2082:2084 show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection 2063:2112 CONCLUSIONS Our results show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection. 30165875 9 27 theme cell 1237:1240 arg1 polarization 1242:1253 epithelial cell polarization 1226:1253 epithelial cell polarization 1226:1253 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 7 28 theme polarity 963:970 arg1 impact 948:953 the impact 944:953 the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection 944:988 The present study investigated the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection. 30165875 1 29 theme FDA-approved 122:133 arg1 vaccines 135:142 no FDA-approved vaccines 119:142 no FDA-approved vaccines 119:142 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 0 30 theme virus 50:54 arg1 infection 56:64 Ebola virus infection 44:64 Ebola virus infection 44:64 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 4 31 theme polarized 454:462 arg1 cells 464:468 polarized cells 454:468 polarized cells 454:468 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 15 32 with Treatment 1815:1823 arg1 iota-carrageenan 1830:1845 iota-carrageenan 1830:1845 iota-carrageenan 1830:1845 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 15 32 with Treatment 1815:1823 arg1 lyase 1859:1863 heparin lyase 1851:1863 heparin lyase 1851:1863 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 18 33 theme heparan 2200:2206 arg1 sulfate 2208:2214 heparan sulfate 2200:2214 heparan sulfate 2200:2214 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 15 34 theme basolateral 1977:1987 arg1 infection 1989:1997 basolateral infection 1977:1997 basolateral infection 1977:1997 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 0 35 theme epithelial 79:88 arg1 cells 90:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 8 36 theme EBOV 1018:1021 arg1 infection 1023:1031 EBOV infection 1018:1031 EBOV infection in polarized cells 1018:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 15 37 with interaction 1889:1899 arg1 sulfate 1923:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 5 38 contain have 704:707 arg1 functions 690:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 5 38 contain have 704:707 arg2 consequences 719:730 important consequences 709:730 important consequences 709:730 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 5 39 theme important 709:717 arg1 consequences 719:730 important consequences 709:730 important consequences 709:730 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 18 40 theme significant 2341:2351 arg1 inhibition 2353:2362 significant inhibition 2341:2362 significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2341:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 3 41 theme other 383:387 arg1 types 394:398 most other cell types 378:398 most other cell types 378:398 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 0 42 theme Heparan 0:6 arg1 mediator 32:39 an important mediator 19:39 an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells 19:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 0 42 theme Heparan 0:6 arg1 sulfate 8:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 16 43 theme cell 2068:2071 arg1 polarity 2073:2080 cell polarity 2068:2080 cell polarity 2068:2080 CONCLUSIONS Our results show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection. 30165875 10 44 theme immunofluorescence 1289:1306 arg1 microscopy 1308:1317 immunofluorescence microscopy 1289:1317 immunofluorescence microscopy 1289:1317 EBOV infection was assessed with immunofluorescence microscopy and qPCR. 30165875 18 45 theme infection 2379:2387 arg1 inhibition 2353:2362 significant inhibition 2341:2362 significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2341:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 0 46 theme important 22:30 arg1 mediator 32:39 an important mediator 19:39 an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells 19:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 0 46 theme important 22:30 arg1 sulfate 8:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 14 47 theme attachment 1796:1805 arg1 sulfate 1773:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 14 47 theme attachment 1796:1805 arg1 factor 1807:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 6 48 theme particular 830:839 arg1 membrane 841:848 a particular membrane 828:848 a particular membrane 828:848 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 2 49 contain has 262:264 arg2 tropism 279:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 2 49 contain has 262:264 arg1 EBOV 256:259 EBOV 256:259 EBOV 256:259 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 2 49 contain has 262:264 arg1 virus 249:253 Ebola virus 243:253 Ebola virus (EBOV) 243:260 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 15 50 theme virus 2021:2025 arg1 attachment 2027:2036 virus attachment 2021:2036 virus attachment 2021:2036 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 14 51 theme known 1784:1788 arg1 sulfate 1773:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 14 51 theme known 1784:1788 arg1 factor 1807:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 9 52 used used 1211:1214 arg2 TEER 1160:1163 TEER 1160:1163 TEER 1160:1163 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 52 used used 1211:1214 arg2 resistance 1148:1157 Transepithelial resistance 1132:1157 Transepithelial resistance (TEER) 1132:1164 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 52 used used 1211:1214 arg2 function 1178:1185 a function 1176:1185 a function of tight junctions 1176:1204 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 4 53 theme basolateral 486:496 arg1 domains 507:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 13 54 theme cellular 1641:1648 arg1 permeability 1650:1661 cellular permeability 1641:1661 cellular permeability 1641:1661 Infection occurs without changes in cellular permeability. 30165875 9 55 theme Transepithelial 1132:1146 arg1 TEER 1160:1163 TEER 1160:1163 TEER 1160:1163 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 55 theme Transepithelial 1132:1146 arg1 function 1178:1185 a function 1176:1185 a function of tight junctions 1176:1204 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 55 theme Transepithelial 1132:1146 arg1 resistance 1148:1157 Transepithelial resistance 1132:1157 Transepithelial resistance (TEER) 1132:1164 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 3 56 theme barrier 433:439 arg1 function 441:448 barrier function 433:448 barrier function 433:448 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 6 57 theme virus 813:817 arg1 entry 819:823 virus entry 813:823 virus entry 813:823 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 18 58 theme blocking 2272:2279 arg1 interaction 2281:2291 blocking interaction 2272:2291 blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus 2272:2330 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 4 59 theme specialized 554:564 arg1 machinery 574:582 specialized sorting machinery 554:582 specialized sorting machinery 554:582 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 14 60 theme heparan 1765:1771 arg1 sulfate 1773:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 14 60 theme heparan 1765:1771 arg1 factor 1807:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 8 61 theme semipermeable 1106:1118 arg1 transwells 1120:1129 semipermeable transwells 1106:1129 semipermeable transwells 1106:1129 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 6 62 theme virus 898:902 arg1 release 904:910 a vectorial virus release 886:910 a vectorial virus release 886:910 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 4 63 theme apical 475:480 arg1 domains 507:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 11 64 theme one-way 1375:1381 arg1 ANOVA 1383:1387 one-way ANOVA 1375:1387 one-way ANOVA 1375:1387 Statistical significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA and significance was set at p < 0.05. 30165875 5 65 theme viral 736:740 arg1 infections 742:751 viral infections 736:751 viral infections 736:751 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 18 66 theme heparan 2305:2311 arg1 sulfate 2313:2319 cellular heparan sulfate 2296:2319 cellular heparan sulfate 2296:2319 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 4 67 theme tight 533:537 arg1 junctions 539:547 tight junctions 533:547 tight junctions 533:547 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 6 68 theme receptor 791:798 arg1 localization 767:778 Differential localization 754:778 Differential localization of a viral receptor 754:798 Differential localization of a viral receptor can restrict virus entry to a particular membrane while polarized sorting can lead to a vectorial virus release. 30165875 18 69 from infection 2379:2387 arg1 model 2418:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 16 70 from impact 2089:2094 arg1 infection 2104:2112 EBOV infection 2099:2112 EBOV infection 2099:2112 CONCLUSIONS Our results show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection. 30165875 4 71 from difference 604:613 arg1 composition 618:628 composition 618:628 composition 618:628 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 1 72 theme Ebola 176:180 arg1 EVD 197:199 EVD 197:199 EVD 197:199 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 1 72 theme Ebola 176:180 arg1 disease 188:194 Ebola virus disease 176:194 Ebola virus disease (EVD) 176:200 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 8 73 from infection 1023:1031 arg1 cells 1046:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 8 74 theme METHODS 991:997 arg1 Characteristics 999:1013 METHODS Characteristics 991:1013 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells 991:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 15 75 theme heparan 1915:1921 arg1 sulfate 1923:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 cellular heparan sulfate 1906:1929 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 9 76 theme tight 1190:1194 arg1 junctions 1196:1204 tight junctions 1190:1204 tight junctions 1190:1204 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 77 theme junctions 1196:1204 arg1 resistance 1148:1157 Transepithelial resistance 1132:1157 Transepithelial resistance (TEER) 1132:1164 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 9 77 theme junctions 1196:1204 arg1 function 1178:1185 a function 1176:1185 a function of tight junctions 1176:1204 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 2 78 theme broad 266:270 arg1 tropism 279:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 broad tissue tropism 266:285 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 18 79 from model 2418:2422 arg1 inhibition 2353:2362 significant inhibition 2341:2362 significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2341:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 18 80 with interaction 2281:2291 arg1 virus 2326:2330 virus 2326:2330 virus 2326:2330 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 7 81 from impact 948:953 arg1 infection 980:988 EBOV infection 975:988 EBOV infection 975:988 The present study investigated the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection. 30165875 17 82 theme polarized 2143:2151 arg1 cells 2153:2157 polarized cells 2143:2157 polarized cells 2143:2157 EBOV preferentially infects polarized cells through the basolateral route. 30165875 5 83 theme specialized 670:680 arg1 functions 690:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions 664:698 These specialized sorting functions can have important consequences for viral infections. 30165875 18 84 theme Caco-2 2406:2411 arg1 model 2418:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2392:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 15 85 theme viral 1883:1887 arg1 interaction 1889:1899 viral interaction 1883:1899 viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate 1883:1929 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 14 86 theme infection 1704:1712 arg1 bias 1714:1717 basolateral infection bias 1692:1717 basolateral infection bias 1692:1717 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 16 87 theme EBOV 2099:2102 arg1 infection 2104:2112 EBOV infection 2099:2112 EBOV infection 2099:2112 CONCLUSIONS Our results show cell polarity has an impact on EBOV infection. 30165875 18 88 theme basolateral 2246:2256 arg1 infection 2258:2266 basolateral infection 2246:2266 basolateral infection 2246:2266 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 9 89 theme epithelial 1226:1235 arg1 polarization 1242:1253 epithelial cell polarization 1226:1253 epithelial cell polarization 1226:1253 Transepithelial resistance (TEER), which is a function of tight junctions, was used to assess epithelial cell polarization. 30165875 2 90 theme Ebola 243:247 arg1 EBOV 256:259 EBOV 256:259 EBOV 256:259 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 2 90 theme Ebola 243:247 arg1 virus 249:253 Ebola virus 243:253 Ebola virus (EBOV) 243:260 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 0 91 theme infection 56:64 arg1 mediator 32:39 an important mediator 19:39 an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells 19:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 0 91 theme infection 56:64 arg1 sulfate 8:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate 0:14 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 1 92 dep BACKGROUND 97:106 arg1 available 162:170 available 162:170 available 162:170 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 1 92 dep BACKGROUND 97:106 arg1 remains 215:221 remains 215:221 remains largely supportive 215:240 BACKGROUND Currently, no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments are available for Ebola virus disease (EVD), and therapy remains largely supportive. 30165875 0 93 theme polarized 69:77 arg1 cells 90:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 7 94 theme cell 958:961 arg1 polarity 963:970 cell polarity 958:970 cell polarity 958:970 The present study investigated the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection. 30165875 4 95 theme membrane 646:653 arg1 domains 655:661 the two membrane domains 638:661 the two membrane domains 638:661 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 8 96 theme infection 1023:1031 arg1 Characteristics 999:1013 METHODS Characteristics 991:1013 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells 991:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 8 97 theme polarized 1036:1044 arg1 cells 1046:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 polarized cells 1036:1050 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 0 98 from mediator 32:39 arg1 cells 90:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 polarized epithelial cells 69:94 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 10 99 theme EBOV 1256:1259 arg1 infection 1261:1269 EBOV infection 1256:1269 EBOV infection 1256:1269 EBOV infection was assessed with immunofluorescence microscopy and qPCR. 30165875 7 100 theme present 917:923 arg1 study 925:929 The present study 913:929 The present study 913:929 The present study investigated the impact of cell polarity on EBOV infection. 30165875 3 101 theme Epithelial 349:358 arg1 cells 360:364 Epithelial cells 349:364 Epithelial cells 349:364 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 8 102 theme Caco-2 1084:1089 arg1 model 1091:1095 the polarized Caco-2 model 1070:1095 the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells 1070:1129 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 15 103 theme cell 1954:1957 arg1 susceptibility 1959:1972 cell susceptibility 1954:1972 cell susceptibility 1954:1972 Treatment with iota-carrageenan, or heparin lyase, which interrupts viral interaction with cellular heparan sulfate, significantly reduced cell susceptibility to basolateral infection, likely by inhibiting virus attachment. 30165875 3 104 theme cell 389:392 arg1 types 394:398 most other cell types 378:398 most other cell types 378:398 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 8 105 theme polarized 1074:1082 arg1 model 1091:1095 the polarized Caco-2 model 1070:1095 the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells 1070:1129 METHODS Characteristics of EBOV infection in polarized cells were evaluated in the polarized Caco-2 model grown on semipermeable transwells. 30165875 12 106 theme basolateral 1501:1511 arg1 route 1513:1517 the basolateral route 1497:1517 the basolateral route 1497:1517 RESULTS Our data indicate that EBOV preferentially infects cells from the basolateral route, and this preference may be influenced by the resistance across the Caco-2 monolayer. 30165875 18 107 theme basolateral 2367:2377 arg1 infection 2379:2387 basolateral infection 2367:2387 basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model 2367:2422 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 3 108 theme most 378:381 arg1 types 394:398 most other cell types 378:398 most other cell types 378:398 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 13 109 from changes 1630:1636 arg1 permeability 1650:1661 cellular permeability 1641:1661 cellular permeability 1641:1661 Infection occurs without changes in cellular permeability. 30165875 3 110 theme polarized 409:417 arg1 phenotype 419:427 their polarized phenotype 403:427 their polarized phenotype 403:427 Epithelial cells differ from most other cell types by their polarized phenotype and barrier function. 30165875 0 111 theme Ebola 44:48 arg1 infection 56:64 Ebola virus infection 44:64 Ebola virus infection 44:64 Heparan sulfate is an important mediator of Ebola virus infection in polarized epithelial cells. 30165875 14 112 theme viral 1790:1794 arg1 sulfate 1773:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 heparan sulfate 1765:1779 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 14 112 theme viral 1790:1794 arg1 factor 1807:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 a known viral attachment factor 1782:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 18 113 theme cellular 2296:2303 arg1 sulfate 2313:2319 cellular heparan sulfate 2296:2319 cellular heparan sulfate 2296:2319 Access to heparan sulfate is an important factor during basolateral infection and blocking interaction of cellular heparan sulfate with virus leads to significant inhibition of basolateral infection in the polarized Caco-2 cell model. 30165875 4 114 theme membrane 498:505 arg1 domains 507:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 the apical and basolateral membrane domains 471:513 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 4 115 theme sorting 566:572 arg1 machinery 574:582 specialized sorting machinery 554:582 specialized sorting machinery 554:582 In polarized cells, the apical and basolateral membrane domains are demarcated by tight junctions, and specialized sorting machinery, which results in a difference in composition between the two membrane domains. 30165875 14 116 theme sulfate 1773:1779 arg1 distribution 1749:1760 polarized distribution 1739:1760 polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor 1739:1812 Further, our data show that basolateral infection bias may be dependent on polarized distribution of heparan sulfate, a known viral attachment factor. 30165875 2 117 theme cells 315:319 arg1 cells 315:319 cells 315:319 cells including epithelial cells 315:346 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 2 117 theme cells 315:319 arg1 cells 342:346 epithelial cells 331:346 epithelial cells 331:346 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 30165875 2 117 theme cells 315:319 arg1 variety 304:310 a variety 302:310 a variety of cells including epithelial cells 302:346 Ebola virus (EBOV) has broad tissue tropism and can infect a variety of cells including epithelial cells. 29964103 0 0 theme hydroxyapatite-bentonite 57:80 arg1 composite 101:109 hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite 57:109 hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite 57:109 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 2 1 theme infrared 477:484 arg1 spectroscopy 486:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 459:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 459:504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 1 theme infrared 477:484 arg1 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 4 2 theme adsorption 679:688 arg1 behavior 690:697 The adsorption behavior 675:697 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions 675:722 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 5 3 theme 0.01 M 972:977 arg1 HNO3 979:982 0.01 M HNO3 972:982 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43- 972:1019 Desorption efficiency was achieved by treatment with 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43-. 29964103 1 4 theme composite 179:187 arg1 material 189:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 2 5 theme Fourier-transform 459:475 arg1 spectroscopy 486:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 459:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 459:504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 5 theme Fourier-transform 459:475 arg1 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 6 theme transmission 337:348 arg1 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 6 theme transmission 337:348 arg1 microscopy 359:368 transmission electron microscopy 337:368 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 337:374 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 7 7 theme CHA-BENT-NCC 1130:1141 arg1 material 1143:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 7 7 theme CHA-BENT-NCC 1130:1141 arg1 material 1193:1200 a very effective adsorption material 1165:1200 a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland 1165:1269 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 3 8 theme initial 604:610 arg1 concentration 622:634 initial adsorbate concentration 604:634 initial adsorbate concentration 604:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 1 9 theme PO43- 271:275 arg1 removal 245:251 the removal 241:251 the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions 241:298 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 0 10 from Removal 0:6 arg1 solution 45:52 aqueous solution 37:52 aqueous solution 37:52 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 2 11 theme electron 310:317 arg1 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 11 theme electron 310:317 arg1 microscopy 319:328 Scanning electron microscopy 301:328 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 301:334 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 0 12 theme clay-nanocellulose 82:99 arg1 composite 101:109 hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite 57:109 hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite 57:109 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 2 13 theme Scanning 301:308 arg1 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 13 theme Scanning 301:308 arg1 microscopy 319:328 Scanning electron microscopy 301:328 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 301:334 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 1 14 theme aqueous 282:288 arg1 solutions 290:298 aqueous solutions 282:298 aqueous solutions 282:298 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 7 15 theme copper 1248:1253 arg1 mine 1255:1258 a copper mine 1246:1258 a copper mine in Finland 1246:1269 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 7 16 from mine 1255:1258 arg1 Finland 1263:1269 Finland 1263:1269 Finland 1263:1269 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 4 17 theme adsorption 762:771 arg1 model 773:777 the Freundlich adsorption model 747:777 the Freundlich adsorption model 747:777 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 4 18 theme Freundlich 751:760 arg1 model 773:777 the Freundlich adsorption model 747:777 the Freundlich adsorption model 747:777 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 5 19 theme 0.10 M 999:1004 arg1 NaOH 1006:1009 0.10 M NaOH 999:1009 0.10 M NaOH for PO43- 999:1019 Desorption efficiency was achieved by treatment with 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43-. 29964103 1 20 from solutions 290:298 arg1 removal 245:251 the removal 241:251 the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions 241:298 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 2 21 theme dispersive 384:393 arg1 analysis 395:402 energy dispersive analysis 377:402 energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) 377:419 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 22 theme diffraction 428:438 arg1 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 22 theme diffraction 428:438 arg1 analysis 440:447 X-ray diffraction analysis 422:447 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 422:453 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 4 23 theme ions 719:722 arg1 behavior 690:697 The adsorption behavior 675:697 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions 675:722 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 2 24 theme energy 377:382 arg1 analysis 395:402 energy dispersive analysis 377:402 energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) 377:419 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 25 theme X-ray 422:426 arg1 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 25 theme X-ray 422:426 arg1 analysis 440:447 X-ray diffraction analysis 422:447 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 422:453 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 6 26 theme adsorption-desorption 1027:1047 arg1 cycles 1049:1054 Five adsorption-desorption cycles 1022:1054 Five adsorption-desorption cycles 1022:1054 Five adsorption-desorption cycles were performed without significant decrease in adsorption capacities. 29964103 0 27 theme Cd2+ 11:14 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 0:110 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 5 28 theme Desorption 919:928 arg1 efficiency 930:939 Desorption efficiency 919:939 Desorption efficiency 919:939 Desorption efficiency was achieved by treatment with 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43-. 29964103 3 29 theme adsorbate 612:620 arg1 concentration 622:634 initial adsorbate concentration 604:634 initial adsorbate concentration 604:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 6 30 theme significant 1079:1089 arg1 decrease 1091:1098 significant decrease 1079:1098 significant decrease in adsorption capacities 1079:1123 Five adsorption-desorption cycles were performed without significant decrease in adsorption capacities. 29964103 6 31 theme adsorption 1103:1112 arg1 capacities 1114:1123 adsorption capacities 1103:1123 adsorption capacities 1103:1123 Five adsorption-desorption cycles were performed without significant decrease in adsorption capacities. 29964103 5 32 with treatment 957:965 arg1 HNO3 979:982 0.01 M HNO3 972:982 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43- 972:1019 Desorption efficiency was achieved by treatment with 0.01 M HNO3 for metals and 0.10 M NaOH for PO43-. 29964103 2 33 theme electron 350:357 arg1 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 33 theme electron 350:357 arg1 microscopy 359:368 transmission electron microscopy 337:368 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 337:374 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 3 34 theme concentration 622:634 arg1 effect 559:564 The effect 555:564 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration 555:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 4 35 theme adsorption 796:805 arg1 capacity 807:814 the maximum adsorption capacity 784:814 the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- 784:839 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 4 35 theme adsorption 796:805 arg1 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 0 36 theme Ni2+ 17:20 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 0:110 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 0 37 from solution 45:52 arg1 Cd2+ 11:14 Cd2+ 11:14 Cd2+ 11:14 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 0 37 from solution 45:52 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 0:110 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 0 37 from solution 45:52 arg1 PO43- 26:30 PO43- 26:30 PO43- 26:30 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 0 37 from solution 45:52 arg1 Ni2+ 17:20 Ni2+ 17:20 Ni2+ 17:20 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 3 38 theme contact 573:579 arg1 time 581:584 contact time 573:584 contact time 573:584 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 analysis 395:402 energy dispersive analysis 377:402 energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) 377:419 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 analysis 440:447 X-ray diffraction analysis 422:447 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 422:453 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 spectroscopy 486:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 459:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 459:504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 microscopy 319:328 Scanning electron microscopy 301:328 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 301:334 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 microscopy 359:368 transmission electron microscopy 337:368 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 337:374 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 39 theme X-rays 407:412 arg1 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 XRD 450:452 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 spectroscopy 486:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy 459:497 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 459:504 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 microscopy 359:368 transmission electron microscopy 337:368 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 337:374 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 microscopy 319:328 Scanning electron microscopy 301:328 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 301:334 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 FTIR 500:503 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 TEM 371:373 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 SEM 331:333 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 analysis 395:402 energy dispersive analysis 377:402 energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) 377:419 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 2 40 used used 511:514 arg2 analysis 440:447 X-ray diffraction analysis 422:447 X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) 422:453 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 1 41 theme novel 114:118 arg1 material 189:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 0 42 theme PO43- 26:30 arg1 Removal 0:6 Removal 0:6 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 0:110 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 3 43 theme pH 569:570 arg1 effect 559:564 The effect 555:564 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration 555:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 1 44 theme hydroxyapatite-bentonite 120:143 arg1 material 189:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 3 45 theme optimization 653:664 arg1 purpose 666:672 optimization purpose 653:672 optimization purpose 653:672 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 3 46 theme temperature 587:597 arg1 effect 559:564 The effect 555:564 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration 555:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 4 47 theme maximum 788:794 arg1 capacity 807:814 the maximum adsorption capacity 784:814 the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- 784:839 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 4 47 theme maximum 788:794 arg1 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 29.46 mmol/g 861:872 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 1 48 theme clay-nanocellulose 145:162 arg1 material 189:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 2 49 theme adsorbent 544:552 arg1 characterization 520:535 characterization 520:535 characterization of the adsorbent 520:552 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for characterization of the adsorbent. 29964103 4 50 theme investigated 706:717 arg1 ions 719:722 the investigated ions 702:722 the investigated ions 702:722 The adsorption behavior of the investigated ions were well described by the Freundlich adsorption model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- was estimated to be 29.46 mmol/g, 10.34 mmol/g and 4.90 mmol/g, respectively. 29964103 6 51 from decrease 1091:1098 arg1 capacities 1114:1123 adsorption capacities 1103:1123 adsorption capacities 1103:1123 Five adsorption-desorption cycles were performed without significant decrease in adsorption capacities. 29964103 1 52 theme Ni2+ 256:259 arg1 removal 245:251 the removal 241:251 the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions 241:298 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 3 53 theme time 581:584 arg1 effect 559:564 The effect 555:564 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration 555:634 The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and initial adsorbate concentration were studied for optimization purpose. 29964103 1 54 theme CHA-BENT-NCC 165:176 arg1 material 189:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material 112:196 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions. 29964103 0 55 theme aqueous 37:43 arg1 solution 45:52 aqueous solution 37:52 aqueous solution 37:52 Removal of Cd2+, Ni2+ and PO43- from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose composite. 29964103 7 56 theme effective 1172:1180 arg1 material 1193:1200 a very effective adsorption material 1165:1200 a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland 1165:1269 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 7 56 theme effective 1172:1180 arg1 material 1143:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 7 57 theme adsorption 1182:1191 arg1 material 1193:1200 a very effective adsorption material 1165:1200 a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland 1165:1269 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 7 57 theme adsorption 1182:1191 arg1 material 1143:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material 1126:1150 The CHA-BENT-NCC material proved to be a very effective adsorption material for the treatment of mining water also from a copper mine in Finland. 29964103 1 58 theme Cd2+ 262:265 arg1 removal 245:251 the removal 241:251 the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions 241:298 A novel hydroxyapatite-bentonite clay-nanocellulose (CHA-BENT-NCC) composite material was successfully prepared as adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+, Cd2+ and PO43- from aqueous solutions.